davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Williams news., 1916-12-07

Mrs. Dick Kennerdell is spending the week with Mrs. Christiansen at Camp Clover.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
WILSON WILL
VISIT KANSAS CAPITAL

Washington, Jan. 22.-St. Louis,
st. Joseph and Davenporth, includ-
ed in the tentative itinerary an
nounced yesterday of President Will
sons trip through the middle west.
have been eliminated and Topeka
and Milwaukee substituted. The fin
al plans for the trip, during which
the president will go before the peo-
pie on his national preparedness
program, were announced last night.
On the middle western trip the
president will leave Washington on
Friday night, January 20, and will
return on February 4, in time for
the judicial dinner at the white
house. He will speak at day meet
ing in Topeka on February 2, and
in Kansas City the same night.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
GERMAN PROPOSAL
REPORTED REJECTED
u. s. VIII Not Accept Latest Terms
on Lusitania Settlement
DISAGREE ON ACCOUNTABILITY
Lansing and Ambassador Meet To-
day to Consider Another Con-
fidential Proposal, 1t Is
Understood

Washington, Jan. 26.-The Unit
ed States is understood to have re-
jected Germany's latest proposal in
the Lusitania negotiations.
The ambassador conferred again
today with the secretary of state.
It is understood he submitted an
other confidential tentative propo-
sal for a settlement, having embod-
led in 1t the requirements of the
United States.
1t was stated upon good author
fly, however, that the United States
insists upon holding the German
government to "a strict accounta-
bility" for the loss of more than
100 American lives, and desires that
the Berlin government admit, in
effect, that 1t is liable, according to
law, for the lives of neutrals lost In
the commission of an act against a
vessel of an enemy.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
RAINS AND MELTING SNOW
BRING RIVERS TO FLOOD STAGE

Topeka, Jan. 22.-Following sew
eral days of steady rains and warm
weather, which caused all snow to
melt, the streams of central and
eastern Kansas rose rapidly. At In
dependence the Verdigris river was
reported thirty-four feet above nor
NAL last night and still rising. The
upper tributaries Of the Verdigris,
including the upper Verdigris, Elk
and Fall rivers, also are at flood
stage following a two-inch rain in
two days.
At Oswego the Neosho river was
reported rising eight to ten inches
an hour. High waters cut the Mis-
souri,, Kansas & Texas line south of
Oswego, but repairs have been COM
pleted. About lola flood warnings
hace been issued to those living
along the Neosho.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
FALLING CEMENT BUCKET
KILLS WORKMAN IN WELL

Valley Falls, Jan. 24.-William
Welmer, a well digger, was killed
here when an empty bucket used in
lowering material to him became
detached from the hoist and fell
upon him. Weimer was walling up
we'll at the creamery. The bucket,
which had been used in lowering
rock to him where he was at work
twenty feet below the surface, struck
him on the head. His skull was
fractured and he died two hours
later without having regained con-
seriousness.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
MILITARY DRILL
IN HIGH SCHOOLS
Secretary Lane Urges Voluntary
Military Training
is FOUND TO BE SUCCESSFUL
% Per Cent of Pupils In High Schools
of Wyoming Do Service In the
School Comprehensive
zerland Uses the Plan

Washington, Jan. 26.-Volunteer
military training camps for high
school pupils and general plan for
volunteer military organization and
drill in all the high schools are
urged as part of the preparedness
program by Secretary Lane of the
department of the interior, and by
p. P. Claxton, commissioner Of edu-
cation.
= Secretary Lane says he believes
such a plan would attract many
thousands of boys In public and
private schools, that the camp life
and drill would be valuable and
that the general educational disci-
pline of the camp would be good.
1t is proposed to use the govern
ment military reservations for these
camps.
Secretary Lane calls attention to
the Wyoming plan, because it has
been put into operation in the high
schools of that state. 1t is being in
troduced in the high schools of the
city of Washington. While service
in these high school organizations is
voluntary, it is said that from 80 to
SO per cent of the students adopt
it.
Attention is called to the fact
that militarism does not necessarily
accompany preparedness. Switzer-
land is named as an illustration of
this.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27

land" which will be given at Con-
vention hall February 4 and 5, un-
der the auspices of the Twentieth
Century club.-Salina Union. This
same play was successfully staged
and produced here last winter by
Mrs. Staley. 1t first performance
merited another and the theatre
was filled both times.
A big Four Piece Kitchen Set full
ly guaranteed at the Abilene Mer-
camille Co. at Use. 25d5tw1t
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
MANY LEASES FOLLOW AN
NOUNCEMENT OF OIL PROSPECTS

Eskridge, Jan. 26.-The people
this community have become great
ly interested in the oil and gas
proposition since the announcement
two weeks ago that the state geolo-
gist thinks oil underlies this sec
ton. Representatives Of several Of
the big oil companies Of southeast
ern Kansas and Oklahoma have been
here the past week securing leases.
The section being leased includes
about $4,000 acres, with Eskridge
almost in the center.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
SLAYERS OF TWO
AMERICANS EXECUTED

FL Paso, Jan 24.-Bernardo and
Federico Duran, Mexican cattle
thieves condemned to die by the
Carranza authorities for killing
Bert Akers on Friday at San Lor-
EMO, a few miles below the inter-
national boundary, were executed at
daylight today in the cemetery at
Juarez. The Duran brothers died
cursing Americans.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
COLD WAVE, SNOW, SLEET
AND RAIN HIT KANSAS

Topeka, Jan. 26.-Snow, rain and
sleet, with a 30-degree drop in tenn
perature, came to Kansas Tuesday.
Snow and sleet was reported from
most of northern Kansas. In the
northeast part Of the state there
was a light, cold rain.
The temperature dropped from so
degrees to below 80 last night and
1t is expected that zero tempera-
lures will be reported in northwest
Kansas today and only a few de-
grees above for the eastern part of
the state.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
SALIVA MAN REFUSES SEAT
ON NATIONAL DEFENSE SOCIETY

Salina, Jan. 26.-D. ]. Hanna,
former lieutenant governor of Kan
sas today was offered membership
in the American Defense society by
the national committee of the So
ciety in New York and declined the
honor in long telegram. His rea-
sons for refusing to become a mem
Der, he says, is because he is OPP
posed to the preparedness advocated
by the society. He said the propa-
ganda makes for war and not for
peace.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
RECORD BROKEN IN U. s.
FAVORABLE TRADE BALANCE

Washington, Jan. 26.-American
exports increased 20 per cent in
1915 and reached a total of So
555, 900, 900, breaking all previous
records.
Figures by the department of
commerce show that heavy exports
and declining imports together set
a new American trade balance record
at $1,722, 100000.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
CFirst published in Abilene Weekly
Reflector January q, 1850
PUBLICATION NOTICE

To the Ludlow Valve Manufacturing
Company, a corporation;
You are hereby notified that YOU
ing business as Union Electric Co, I'm
an action brought before G. c. Hutch
ison, a Justice OF the Peace within
and for the citv of Abilene. in Dick
inson county, Kansas. on December
~. 1915, wherein said c. L. Brown
doing business as Union Electric Com
pany pravs for judgment against YOU
for the sum of S299 and costs; that
on said December 81 1915, gnrnishee.
summons were issued in said case and
served. as provided by law. upon The
J. B. Ehrsam e. Sons Manufacturing
Company, a corporation, and there
after on the 20th day Of January.
1916, said garnishee appeared before
said Justice Of the peace and answer
ed that said The J. r. Ehrsam & Sons
Manufacturing Company Is Indebted
to YOU In the sum OF s7414
You are further notified that sat7
action has been set for trial at nine
O'Clock a. m. on March /, 1915. and
that unless YOU appear and make n
DEFENSE to the bill OF particulars or
said {. 1. Brown doing business as
Union Electric Company, Judgment
VIII be rendered against YOU for the
sum OF 1888 and costs and said Rarn-
ishee, The J. B. Ehrsam & Sons Me-
Company will he or5ere,3
TO pay into court said sum OF s7i1
and said sum OF S7A14 will be an
piled toward the payment az 80
Judgment and costs
c. L BROWN
Doing business as Union Fisctrt,
company. Plaintiff
BY Hurd q Hurd, his attorneys. a.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
TURKEY IS RESPONSIBLE
FOR SINKING OF THE PERSIA

London. Jan. 24.-According to q
Berlin report the Turkish ministry
of marine is about to publish a
statement to the effect that Turk
ish submarine sank the steamer
Persia.
The report alleges that similar
statements are being published by
the German and Austrian admiral
ties, it being hoped by the central
powers that such a declaration will
settle the Persia question.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
WEALTHY SALINE FARMER
MURDERED IN HIS HOME

Salina, Jan. 26.-John Bush, so
years old. wealthy farmer of Sa-
lima county, was murdered last
night while sitting in his home near
Shipton, eight miles from this city.
The assassin fired through the
dining room window. Neighbors say
he had no enemies and the motive
Is unknown.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
MAN KILLED
WORKING WITH BUZZ SAW

Belleville, Jan. 22.-William NJ.
Fisher was accidentally killed at the
farm of his brother-in-law, who
lives northeast of Belleville. Fisher
had been working around a buzz
saw with which they had been cut
ting wood, when in some manner
his clothing became caught in the
He was drawn in and
whirled about with the saw several
times, receiving injuries from which
he died short time afterwards.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
500, 900 FIRE OF MYSTERIOUS
ORIGIN AT SMITH CENTER

Smith Center, Jan. 26.-The $780,
900 stock of general merchandise in
the e. e. Matson store was ruined
by a fire that broke out at an early
hour. Timely discovery of the fire
by passerby was all that saved the
destruction of the block in which
are located the principal stores of
the city. What started the fire is a
mystery.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
DEMENTED FARMER KILLS
SELF IN CELL WITH SMOKE

Chicakasha, Ok, Jan. 26.-John
Heibinc, so years old, committed
suicide here by suffocation. He
built fire in his cell in the county
jail and inhaled the smoke.
Heibinic traded a farm in Mis-
souri, few weeks ago for property
in this country which he had never
seen. He brooded over the deal un-
I'll he became demented.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
FARMER DROVE INTO FLOOD
WATER AND WAS DROWNED

Paola, Jan. 24.-Harry Lewis,
living near Fontana, was drowned
six miles south of Paola last night
in trying to drive through back
water of the Maris des Cygnes riv-
err, which had obliterated the coun-
try roads. He was on his way home
from here at the time. His body was
found this morning in eight feet of
water.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
PAID 81 A DAY TO STAY IN
JAIL AWAY FROM RELATIVES

Chicago, Jan. 26.-August Kruse,
who for five years has been a vol
untary inmate Of the Du Page coun-
ty jail at Wheaton, ILL.,, rather than
live with relatives who doubted his
sanity, told the sheriff that he is
going west to live on farm.
Kruse paid the county 81 a day
for the privilege of living in the jail.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
Accused of Killing Father

Lawton, Ok. Jan. 22.-George
Hopkins was arrested on the charge
of having murdered his father. A. T.
Hopkins, here last November. Ell
mer Akers and two negroes. Tom
Collie and James Brooking, were also
arrested and held as accomplices.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
EMPLOY WOMEN TO SPEED
UP BRITISH MUNITIONS

London, Jan. 22.-The urgent ne
cessity of speeding up the supply of
munitions has determined the gov
eminent to put into force immediate
ly plans for the dilution of skilled
labor with semi-skilled, unskilled
and female workers in all controll-
ed establishments.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
Report Steamer Norseman Sunk

London, Jan. ga Liverpool
message gives report that the Do
minion liner Norseman has been
sunk.
New York, Jan. 26.-Officials of
the international Mercantile Marine
mp to a late hour had received no
direct word of the sinking of the
steamer Norseman.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
Steamer sank In NIldocean

Halifax. Nova Scotia. Jan. "a
The British freight steamer Pollen
tia. which was reported in distress
about seven hundred miles off Cape
Race. foundered last night accord
ing to q wireless message received
here. All on hoard we're rescued.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
BRITISH EXAMINE STEAMER
PASSENGERS LUGGAGE

London, Jan. 22.-The Christian
la MorgenbIadt reports that during
the stay of the liner Bergensfjord at
Kirkwall the entire parcel post was
seized by the British authorities
and that for the first time passen-
gers luggage was examined. Eleven
boxes labeled Valdemar Petersen
we're discovered, but as no passen-
ger of this name was on board the
boxes In question were seized.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
TEUTONS HAVE NEARLY 3,OOO,-
900 CAPTIVE ALLIED SOLDIERS

London, Jan. 22.-An Amsterdam
dispatch to the Central News says
the total booty of the Teutonic al
lies during seventeen months of war
is summed up in Vienna as fol-
lows:
Nearly 100000 prisoners, 1O,-
900 guns and 10000 machine guns,
while $1,000 square kilometers of
enemy territory has been occupied.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
(First published in Abilene Weekly
Reflector January q, 1850
NOTICE OF APPOINTMENT

State Of Kansas, Dickinson County, SIS:
In the matter of the estate of Nancy
Jane Law, deceased late of Dickinson
county, Kansas.
Notice is hereby given that on the
goth day of January, A. D., 1916, the
undersigned was by the probate court
appointed and qualified as executor OF
the estate of Nancy Jane Law, de-
ceased, late of Dickinson county, Kan
sas. All persons interested in said
estate viii take notice and govern
themselves accordingly.
WILLIAM A. LAW,
81 Executor.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
BRITISH SUBMARINE
SINKS AUSTRIAN Filler

London, Jan. PA dispatch to
the Exchange Telegraph company
from Rome says a British subma-
rine has sunk an Austrian hydro
aeroplane in the upper Adriatic and
also an Austrian torpedo boat which
went to the rescue. taking the crews
OF both craft prisoners.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
ABOUT PEOPLE

Martin Pease of Hope was in the
city on business.
F. w. Karl was in town from De-
troit on business.
Ralph Engle of Tampa was in
town on business.
Miss Susie Nusz of Industry was
in town shopping.
Miss Anna Fulton of Talmage was
in the city shopping.
T. G. Fulton of Talmage was in
the city on business.
Mrs. Henry Schrader of Enter
prise was in the city shopping.
Miss Jennie Suffer left for visit
with relatives at Anadarko, Okla.
Mr.. and Mrs. J. M. Gleissner left
this morning for two months stay
at San Diego, Cal
Mr.. and Mrs. ]. R. Tober went to
Mador, ILL.,, called by the death of a
sister-in-law of Mr.. Tober.
c. ]. Olson, secretary of the
Farmers Mutual Insurance COM
pany of Upland, was in town on
business.
Miss Virginia Oliver went to Des
Moines, Iowa, where she will enter
large hospital in training to be-
come nurse.
Mr.. and Mrs. G. A. Rogers went
to Topeka for short visit with
Mrs. Amos Smith, who is patient
at Stormont hospital.
G. c. Sterl returned from a visit
in Los Angeles. Even in California
he did not escape the grip and was
a victim of the epidemic.
Mr.. and Mrs. L. H. Buenning of
Harrington returned home after
spending Sunday with her parents,
Mr.. and Mrs. Harry Mohler.
Bishop Jacob N. Engle left for
Grantham, Pa, for a two weeks
committee and executive work of
the Brethren in Christ church.
Dr. and Mrs. A. H. Cans returned
to their home in Massilon, Ohio, af-
ter an extended visit at the home of
their son, Mr.. and Mrs. C. w.
Cans.
Mr.. and Mrs. Edgar Houtz re-
turned to Marble, Ind, after
seven weeks visit with his parents,
Mr.. and Mrs. L. P. Houtz and other
relatives.
Mr.. and Mrs. Will Rhodes re-
turned from near Abilene, where
they we're called to attend the fun
eral of John Rhodes.-Manhattan
Nationalist.
Mr.. and Mrs. Alfred Fletcher of
Nome, Alaska, are guests at the
home of her sister, Mr.. and Mrs. D.
W. Tappen. She was formerly Miss
Mabel Scarf of Solomon and they
ire here for an extended visit.
Miss Ella Meuli left on a two
months trip to Filler, Idaho, where
The will visit a sister, Mrs. Mark
Musser Miss Mary Meuli and Miss
Maud Sripter accompanied her to
salina where she joined other par
les going to Idaho.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
TRIAL SUDDENLY ENDS-33
NIGHT RIDERS PLEAD GUILTY

New Madrid, Jan. Thirty
three defendants in the night rider
trials here pleaded guilty today,
thus bringing the trials to a sudden
end. All 33 were sentenced to six
months imprisonment and then i'm
mediately were paroled on good be-
havior.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
Harrr Thnw Win seIl Autos

Toledo, Jan. 26.-Harry X. Thaw
is to launch as an auto salesman in
New York. The wealthy Pittsburg-
er is here meeting officials of a To-
cal automobile factory. Thaw an
nounced he is to open an automo-
bile salesroom in Gotham.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
DEATH FOLLOWED SECOND
AMPUTATION OF LIMB

Emporia, Jan. 26.-Willie Mayes,
years old, died in st. Mary's hos
pital, following a second amputation
of his right leg, made necessary by
injuries received Sunday when he
was accidentally shot while playing
with a gun.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27
RECENT REFLECTIONS
Every road is a Maxwell road.

REGENT REFLECTIONS
Every road is a Maxwell road.
Roy Hoisington of the Enter
prise Push is ill at his home with
grip.
Mrs. H. F. Gartner is back at
work at Sterl Bros, after a two
weeks absence due to grip.
Wanted, Poland China boar. C. NJ.
Sidesinger, phone 602 Acme. 1ts
j. P. Quinn is able to be down
town after being confined to his
home with illness for some time.
Mrs. James Dunlap, the mother
Of e. J. Dunlap, who was buried
yesterday, is seriously i'll at her
home in Detroit.
]. G. Bert of Solomon, Kan, will
sell cholera immune Poland China
bred sows at Solomon livery barn
on Feb. 4, 1916, at l o'clock. See
Mail and Breeze. Write for catalog.
27w2t*
F. L. Hirsch, former mer-
chant here, died at Chicago Janu-
cry 81. He had store on North
broadway in the '9O's.
City Federation meeting in the
Chamber of Commerce rooms Tues
day afternoon at o'clock. All the
members are urged to attend.
Marriage licenses: Emil A.
Thone of Navarro and Maud Rock
of Navarro; George c. Orth of Elmo
and Lydia A. Sprecker of Dillon.
IS. A. Cooper is seriously i'll at
a hospital in Toronto, Canada. He
has been i'll for several weeka and
fears are entertained for his re-
covery.
Get in ON the Big Wire Door Mat
deal at the Abilene Mercantile Co.
25d5tw1t
The Minneapolis high school
basketball team was in town be-
tween trains, enroute for Chapman
where thly play the D. C. H. S. five
tonight.
j. H. Broadfoot writes from
Sask., Canada, that they are all en-
joying good health and sends re-
gard sto all old Dickinson county
Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur Hees of
Kansas City are the parents of
baby girl. Did you not notice
Grandpa" Adam Hees' smile this
Michael Hines, who has been
Ill for some time, was taken to the
st. Joseph orphanage where the
sisters will care for him and his
wife.
C. C. Sterl who is with his
Mrs. F. D. Parent, at
Tnglewood, Calf, has been quite i'll
but is now recovered. He will soon
return home.
Miss Ella Thornton, a former
Abilene resident now is in San
Francisco. She will write a series
Of letters on Kansans on the coast
'or the Reflector.
The Reflector has a few sets
II Larned's History of the World
eft and subscribers may get them I
IS long as they last at $1.9S per
ct. Better hurry If you want one.
The young SON of Charles Haugh ,
Who suffered a hr0kan wrist Catur
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27

Mrs. H. F. Gartner is back at
work at Sterl Bros, after two
weeks absence due to grip.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27

Roy Hoisington of the Enter
prise Push is ill at his home with
grip.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27

Mrs. Caroline Elinor staley of
Wichita is in salina to direct a per-
Torrance of "a Day on coney Is
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27

Wanted, Poland China boar. C. NJ.
phone 602 Acme. 1ts
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27

severe pain.
j. H. Tiff of Talmage has rent
ed the Morse property on West
Third street and will move to
Abilene soon. He comes here for the
school advantages, having a daugh-
ter who will enter the high school.
A handsome Apiece kitchen set
worth $3.50, all for 75c at the Abb
lene Mercantile Co. 25d5tw1t
Marriage licenses: George T.
McBoyle and vesta Sexton, both of
Abilene; Lawrence Miller Of Salina
and Ella Leighton of Pendennis;
Frederick Staehli and Mary Rom
berger, both of Abilene. The second
couple was married ath the court
house.
Homer Martin writes from Sat
sop, Wash: We are having severe
snow storms for this section of the
state about foot of snow. l see
great changes in old Dickinson
since l landed in it in 1873. Large
numbers of the old settlers have
passed to their reward. Regards to
you and all old friends.
"A As foot steel girder weigh
ing a ton and a half or so pounds
to the foot was transported from
flatcar to the new Lyric theatre
building today. 1t required two wag-
ons to haul the large steel beam.
The street was blockaded in front
Of the building while it was being
put in place.
Mrs. Caroline Elinor Staley Of
is In Salina to direct a per-
Torrance Of "A Day on coney Is
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1916-01-27

Doing business as Union Electric
Company, Plaintiff.
BY Hurd & Hurd, his attorneys. a