davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-01-27
All Laws Overruled by
the Higher Command"

There are clever men who tell US that the
higher command Is oniy mode OF what IS com
monty called conscience, and that conscience IS
only the survival in the individual OF the In
stinct for social self preservation. It has been
found in generations past that some forms OF
action tend to social benefit The former have
social penalties attached 10 them and the
latter social approval. so that in time every
body comes to feel that the one kind OF act
is blameworthy and the other praiseworthy-
hence conscience.
But that will not co. 1t does not explain
sufficiently. II does not explain why the social
pioneer so often has to take a line in direct
defiance Of the accepted standards OF his
time. Here stand I; I can none other" has
been the testimony of many a refOrmer besides
Luther. Expressed or implied. it is the testi-
mony of them all.
The higher command I am writing about
can scarcely be classed as conscience. It has
affinities with It. but goes beyond it. Con
science inhibits, marks this wrong
and the other right is concerned with thou
shalt or thou shalt not" But when the
higher command comes in like flood it swal-
lows up, transmutes, sweeps away all merely
moral maxims In its torrential course
Right is comparatively seldom a clear issue
There Is nearly always a conflict of duties ap-
parent But once let the higher command be
heard, heard with that trumpet note in il which
all the world knows so we'll and these scruples
and balancings are forgotten. An exultant Joy
in losing everything, forsaking everything
erucifying everything dear TO the natural man
takes their place.
We longer ask, is this right OF is this
wrong? We overlap all such alternatives
We plunged, merged, lost in the tran
scendental claim. We forget all else, or only
remember it to consecrate II to the one high
end. IL we had thousand lives they SHOULD
all go the same way, and home, kindred hearts
beloved, all, should follow with il.
Witness Serbia today old men, sick men
women, girls, little children dying with arms
in their hands. This is Serbia's hour OF agony
and glory. Her people not merely being
defeated They are being exterminated
They need not be, and at first sight one
wonders why they should consent TO be All
they have got TO do is to throw down their
arms and submit TO the invader. They might
have to suffer a little more, endure an
ignominious subsection, but at least this tide OF
slaughter would be stayed.
And they will not The world with parted
lips and straining eyes beholds that they will
not. Yet these very people not so long ago
were mean ignorant. chaffering thieving petty
traders and pig-breeders. Any who have had
to deal with them know they we're no models
Of all the virtues. They could trihe with con
science. or silence II altogether with the best
Tor worst Of US.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-01-27

wishes for some image Of the mind OF the
decent European who, desiring peace as much
as any American. is yet at this moment ALSO
lutely adamant for war.
No American was more pacifist, as none was
more Puritan, than James Russell Lowell He
much too pscihst. he much too
Puritan, for my own private fancy; and his
lecturing voice was easily drowned for me in
the great wind OF Walt Whitman. In his
earlier poems he preached a literal pesce-at-
any-price, in its most precise and even prig-
gish form. He said that al war was murder,
and that he had need to 90 any further
than his Testament for the fact.
He thought Il the most scorching satire to
suggest that civilization could get forward on
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-01-27
All the Meanness
Torn Out of Men.

So it ever is. The higher command teas the
meanness out Of US like a tornado sweeping
through s smelly township and hurting all its
founess away in q moment on the wings OF the
blast II transforms our whole being-unless
we deliberately close our ears and bury our
selves out OF reach Of its pealing summons
You dc not recognize these giants Of the
storm? They are the very men who yester.
day shared your petty sins and pettier pleas
ures these men who are to-day behaving like
demi-gOds. They have been touched by the
magic Of the higher COMMAND. and al their
little vices have dropped from them Ike
withered leaves when the burst o. Springtime
cones. They have broken their letters and
clasped hands with the immortals.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-01-27
Soldiers Are Dying
for All Humanity.

Perhaps there is nothing so strong in human
nature as this impulse to fling ourselves away
at the bidding of we know not what, the Some
thing ever blessed that incarnates itself, now
in this cause or objective, and now in that.
Assuredly there is nothing so exalting within
the totality of human experience. Show me
the man or the nation without it, and / will
show you man or nation damned and lost
The lower command the command of expe-
diency and common sense the command OF
conyentionality and established order or the
dictate of self-love insists. BE tranquil re-
main secure! jeopardize nothing! disturb no
body! hold on with care to what you possess,
take no risksl"
The higher command thrusts all prudential
ism aside and cries, Give me all. l will have
nothing less"
1t is madness to listen if we want to be safe,
but do listen and always will And does
the specific requirement through which the call
comes even matter in itself? Hardly at all.
should think What matters, is our response.
Leonidss and his Spartans perish 10 a
man at ThermopyIae-for what? Fer
King Constantine and the nation he rules
to-day? No. II would have mattered little
for hundreds Of years past if the Greece
they saved had been wiped of the man
They thought they were dying for Greece
and so they were, for the Greece of the
moment, for the Greece from which we
have inherited our ideals of the beautiful
and gracious In life.
But If they were not dying for more than
Greece their death was a tragedy unrelieved
They were dying for the soul Of men and 10 an
extent they must have been conscious OF II
dying for a world unborn and greater world
unseen. Upon their own triumph Of soul they
rose 10 the threshold Of that which is beyond
manhood as manhood is beyond the beast and
the clod. They achieved more than they under.
stood or tried for People have died before
now for what, TO our perceptions, was not
worth q moments discomfort, but we are
wrong and they were right.
An ancient city is besieged and the oracle
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-01-27
Rev. DR.. Campbell Explains the Mystery
Men Leave Homes, Happiness and Safety
to Face Death or Suffering on the Battlefield
BY Rev. Reginald ]. Campbell
the Most Noted English Preacher.


YERE is a coincidence worth telling about.
II was Just sitting down to write an
article with the title Of "The Higher
Command" when a letter came in containing
the following story told on the authority of
of our wounded Australian heroes.
He says the bravest man he ever saw was a
Wesleyan military chaplain. He was on one
Of the barges which were landing men from
our troopships at the Dardaneiles.
was shot down. The chaplain made
to dash to the rescue and bring the wounded
soldier back to safety. but a Catholic priest
standing grabbed hold of him, saying,
you mustn't think of 1t. II is madness. You
are going to certain death"
The Wesleyan shook OF the restraining hand,
replying, Il have got my orders. and they
from higher command than yours. and I'm
going" He went, and struck by bullet
while In the act OF beginning his work Of
mercy.
Instantly the priest sprang after him, but
the officer in charge OF the landing party called
out, Stay where you are. | forbid your going
We are losing too many men," The priest
calmly went on. only turning his head to say
as he passed, did you not hear what my Yves
leyan comrade said? l, too. have got my or
ders-from the higher command"
Within few moments he lay dead beside his
brother of the cross
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-01-27

q powder-cart But he did not talk Ike that
when he stood in the furnace Of reality IN which
we stand to-day. And when other people began
70 talk ike that 70 him. when the Fords o.
that day wanted q premature peace between
North and South he said something rather
different which I think. I roughly re
member.
Come, Peace, not as a mourner bowed
For honor lost and dear ones wasted.
But proud 10 meet a people proud
With eyes that tell OF triumph tasted
Come such as mothers prayed for when
They kissed their Cross with lips thai
quivered.
And bring fair wages for brave men.
A nation saved, race delivered"
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-01-27

l have just been talking to a wounded pri-
vate soldier lying In a tent hospital. He is
only boy, and a delicate boy at that. Here
he is. after seven months In the trenches.
smashed up for life, II he succeeds in get
ting well, which doubt, and the busy kindly
military doctors and nurses doubt, too.
He comes from Lancashire-Wigan, / think
he said-and he looks il even II his speech did
not betray him, such strong face he has and
such an independent. manly mode Of address
ing his visitor. Something of his story and his
views OF life has come out In our intercourse.
He worked in an iron foundry, but has never
earned good wages. His health has been partly
TO blame for that but circumstances have been
to blame also. He is rather resentful about 1t,
and curses our unjust social system with all
his might Undoubtedly II has been hard on
him. He has known little but struggle and
dull dFudgery all his days Even starvation
has threatened him more than once.
He does not remember his father. His
mother was early left a widow with a young
family to bring up, and wondrously she did It.
as many intrepid women similarly placed
have had to do and Will have to do still more
when war has taken It's toll complete He
seems to have no thought now but for his
mother, whereby ! can guess what kind OF
mother she must have been-"mutther' he
calls her, in his broad Lancashire dialect or
the nearest approach / can make to ii with
the pen.
He wishes she wouldn't "wurry." He will be
Jaw rect" That he will, however, II goes
Poor motherl She has another lad he saws.
lying in a bloody grave somewhere on the Bel
gsn frontier. and there are no more left now
to look after her good sons should-onIy
daughters, one Of them permanent invalid to
weep With her and battle on alone
He would like to get better because OF this.
but has got e parson" 20 write and cheer her
I'D and tell her II will be Jaw rect" anyhow.
And then he falls 90 talking with extraordinary
bitterness OF the totally unnecessary hsrdships
OF the lot OF the toiling poor at home, in Eng
lsnd-fooitsh, luxurious, pleasure-lov1ng nj.
directed. scramblins. ahambling England
He Is an intelligent youth, and knows what
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-01-27

he is talking about. He has read a good deal
and thought more, and takes a fairly active
part in local labor politics, OF did before the
Religion he appears to have left mostly
to "mutther."
Here again | am filed with wonder and re-
spect- l ask myself what England has ever
done for this young fellow that he should leave
his mother to suffer and mourn while he goes
to fight and die for mOtherand? Or is ii some
thing else of which motherland is but the most
convenient symbol?
don't think he knows himself, although he
is under no illusions about the course he has
chosen.
put the question 10 him. WELL ye
see," ne answers slowly, "it's mans job
man Gamma stink and hide when there's
Job o. this sort ooin'." He could give
no further explanation.
Here were two commands, two ideals II you
like mutually incompatible. One, very much
more than the other, was exceedingly danger
Gus and disagreeabe. But he knew which he
had to obey, and he knew without being able
TO give very clear reason for his choice.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-01-27

MATTER wtaoh would ask them 70 consider is
this. They FAUST not be surprised II 1t takes
q long Cine and terrible agony to tear I'D
from the earth what We are trying to tear up:
Cor Il 50 the whole Europsan evil. from which
we have Increasingly suffered for two hundred
years. The American democracy is to be con-
graduated CD having been founded far away
from Us. and when that evil was only begin
ming to grow, But for the very reason that
America Is TO be congratulated on escaping il,
America is not specially qualified to under
stand H.
Il is a natural temptation for Americans to
tell US how to solve the problem of militarism;
just as Il was a natural temptation for US to
tell them how to solve the problem of negro
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-01-27
The Blighting, Terrifying
Menace of Prussianism.

Dimly apprehended, perhaps, was the knowl-
edge that in fighting England's battle just now
he lighting for greater than England, for
all that is sweet, and dear, and wholesome in
human lot, for the future of the entire race,
for things better and more worthful than good
wages and abundant leisure, or even the re-
fnements Of life that these can provide-for
liberty comradeship. democratic ideals as op-
posed TO Prussianism and all its bighting, ter
rifying menace.
Was that itY / cannot tell think so. But
! feel also-nay, l am sure-that behind all this
is a motive, incentive, that never can be
completely rationalized, a needs-must which
has more of heaven than Of earth IN ii. We
may be willing TO die for one thing to-day and
another tomorrow, but 1t is always the same
thing in the end the Eternal Right
We never know what IL is, but II is always
calling TO us, always calling, and when we hear
the summons. our dearest treasures drop un-
needed from our hands, and we turn with
averted mien from the contemplation OF our
hearts desire TO lift our gaze to the shining
heights wherein glory beokons that is not
Of earth alone. AS Francis Thompson phrases
It.
dimly guess what Time in mists corfounds;
Yet ever and anon trumpet sounds
From the hid battiements Of Eternity;
Those shaken mists z space unsettle then
Round the half-glimpsed turrets slowly wash
again.
But not ere him who summoneth
have seen, enwound
With glooming robes purpureal, cypress
crowned;
His name know, and what his trumpet saith.
Ia all Of US there is this strange mystical
susceptibility, call 1t what you wifi, this urge
to lay all We have and are upon the altar of the
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-01-27
The Irresistible Call Of the "Higher Command" So
of WHY
Willingly

goes forth that the only way 20 save Il Is for
the kings virgin daughter. or some one else OF
equal rank and worth. the best and fairest that
the community can produce, TO be offered In
burnt sacrifice upon the walls. The girl con-
sents and goes to her doom amid the awe
stricken prayers and blessings Of the multitude
OF onlookers.
What gods we're they that required this deed
before they would interfere between these folk
and their enemies without? None. The offer
ing placated no blood-drinking deity; but 1t
achieved its purpose all the same. The eleva-
ton Of soul required in the one who willingly
died for the rest was communicated more or
less to them all, and forever. Who cares now
whether the city fell or not?
When Edmond Campion. after being bruised
and broken on the rack, was compelled TO sit
for three hours arguing intricate theological
propositions with his Puritan judges before be-
ing dragged through the streets on hurdle TO
be hanged at Tyburn, the martyr thought he
was witnessing for the truth of God, the truth
TO which all Christendom would speedily re-
turn Was he2 He died like a hero No man
could have died better But would IL have
been well for the world that the cause rep
resented by the Inquisition and the Spanish
Armada should have prevailed over that OF
Frobisher and Drake? I trow not Yet Cam
pion died for England surely as they died,
for that spiritual England which has been
slowly built up through the centuries, on the
other side OF death as on this may be, by the
glorious sef-devotion Of her sons.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-01-27

vR FORD, The celebrated American
MI comedian, is now on tour with his COM
Iva pany; and the type OF advertisement, as
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1916-11-13
DEATH DROVE CAR
Auto Carry-AIl With IA PIunges
Into Open Draw.
At Least 8 Lives Lost: Driver
Had Heart Disease.

Van Couver, B. c., Nov. 13.-That
a dead man drove possibly eleven per-
sons, certainly nine. to their death on
Saturday night, when George Smith
sent a crowded motor stage thru the
open draw of the north arm bridge
into the waters of the Frazer river,
was the theory suggested by acquaint-
ances of the chauffeur
Smith, it is reported. suffered from
heart disease and that his pulse had
suddenly ceased is probably the true
account in rushing his vehicle on the
bridge with the red lights shining
clear again him.
The stage was making its evening
trip towards Van Couver when the
accident occurred. At first it was re-
ported that it carried twelve passen-
gers. but today the number was
placed at fourteen When the stage
reached the bridge at D. m the
draw was open. Regardless of the
red lights, the stage moved rapidly
forward, broke thru and dived
straight into the river below
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1916-11-13
IN A BIG JUBILEE REAL COLD WAVE
Reaches 26 Below
Zero in Wyoming.
West Indian Disturbance VIII
Rule Northern Storm.

Washington, Nov. ia cold wave
with temperatures at various places
lower than ever before recorded in
November overspreads the region west
of the Mississippi river today and will
move estward to the Atlantic coast.
Sheridan, Wyo., reported the lowest
temperature with 26 degrees below
zero. Lander, Wyo., "a degrees below
National park and Havre, Mont, 20
reaches southwark into the interior of
Texas.
Weather bureau officials today said
the cold wave probably would dimin-
ish in intensity as it moved eastward.
Its movement and intensity was some
what dependent, they pointed out
which was reported this morning in
the Caribbean sea in the vicinity of
Swan Islands.
ing in intensity and will move north
ward attended by strong winds reach
ing gale force during the next thirty
six hours over the east portion of the
Gulf of Mexico and south Florida.
Rain and snow probably will precede
the cold wave in the north Atlantic
states, great lakes region, Ohio valley
and Tennessee. The cold will strike
the Ohio valley, Tennessee and the
gulf states tonight and the Atlantic
states except south Florida, on Tues
day. Cold wave warnings have been
issued for Mississippi, Alabama, Ten
nessee, Kentucky, Indiana and south
west Ohio
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1916-11-13
A MUTUAL PUZZLE
Railroads and Trainmen Meet
to Discuss New Law.
Neither Side Understands What
S-Hour Law Requires.

New York. Nov. 13--Representa-
tives of the railroads and their train
men, who will benefit under the Ad-
amson eight hour law. gathered here
today for the first of a series of con-
ferences to discuss ways and means
for the application of the statute.
The meeting was described by rep
resentatives of the roads as one for
informal discussion only. with the
purpose of determining whether both
sides view the law in the same light.
Neither side understood the legisla-
ton or how it was to be applied, it
was stated, and an effort was to be
made to reach some common ground
for application if the United States
supreme court decides the law is con-
stitutiona1 in the suits brought by sew
eral roads to determine this fact.
Elisha Lee headed the conference
committee of managers and w. G.
Lee. A B. Garretson. w. s. Stone and
w. S Carter, heads of the four train
mems brctherhoods, were among the
mems representatives.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1916-11-13
FURRY Over Late U-Boat At
tacks COnfronts President.
Wilson Concerned Over Com
plexion of Next House.
LOOKS FOR REPUBLICAN AID
Present Indications Are Demo-
Gratis Have 212; G. o. p. 217.
Reserves Election Comment
Until Hughes Congratulations.

Washington Nov. 13.-Altho Mr..
Wilson was tired out when he returned
to the White House last night he was
up early today and had breakfast be-
fore O'Clock. Immediately afterward
he began reading a huge stack of mail
accumulated during his trip to Will
Jamestown, Mass. The president asked
first for the latest information on the
political makeup of the house of rep
resentatives in the Sixty fifth congress.
He was told indications from present
returns were that the Republicans
would have 217 members and the
Democrats 212 with SIX members Oh
other parties
The president was understood to be
more concerned over the make up OF
the next house chiefly because OF lts
effect on the selection OF speaker ana
craftsmanship of committee when ne
is anxious to see in the hands of DEM
ocrats. As far as legislation is con-
cerned, it was said today Mr. Wilson
is confident that most measures to be
proposed by him would gain the sup
port of enough Republicans to carry
them thru. Mr.. Wilson continued to
refuse to make any comment on the
election pending the receipt of formal
word from Mr.. Hughes and the Re
publican national committee conced-
ing his reelection.
Wilson to Take Vacation.
Henry Morgenthau, chairman of the
finance committee of the Democratic
national committee, called on the
president today.
After a brief stay in Washington.
the president may go away for a rest
before congress convenes. Hot Springs
was mentioned as the place he nigh.
visit. He will make no definite plans
however until he has. gotten in thoro
touch with official business here and
learned whether the submarine or
, Mexican situation requires his pres
ence.
Secretary Lansing planned to confer
Continued on Page Two.)
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1916-11-13
RENEW MARINE RISKS
Report of C-Boat in Gulf of Mexico
Proved Erroneous.

New Orleans Nov. 13-LocaI
agents of marine insurance companies
today received instructions from home
offices of British companies rescind-
ing the order issued last SATURDAY.
which suspended war risks on vessels
of belligerent nations. The insurance
men stated Saturdays order was is
sued upon rumors that the British
freighter Engineer had been sunk bv
a submarine in the Gulf of Mexico or
northern Caribbean. Agents here of
the Harrison line. owner of the Engi-
neer, said that they had received no
confirmation of rumors concerning
the Engineer. They said she was due
at Kingston last Saturday