Arizona republican., 1916-10-10

NEUTRALS MUST DENY ENTRANCE
 TOSUbMAR|NES
Republican A. p. Leased Wire1

Republican A. p. Leased Wire1
 LONDON, Oct. 9-The text of the memorandum recently sent by the en- tente allies to neutral governments respecting the admission of belligerent submarines into neutral waters, or ports, is as follows:
 ''In view of the development of sub marine navigation and by reason of acts, which in the present circum- stances may be unfortunately eX- pressed from enemy submarines, the allied governments consider it neces- Sary, in order not only to safeguard tEeir belligerent rights and liberty of commercial navigation, but avoid risks of dispute, to urge neutral governments to take effective measures, if they have not already done So with view to pre- venting belligerent submarine vessels, whatever the purpose to which they are put, from making use of neutral waters, roadsteadS and ports.
 Tn the case of submarine vessels, the application of the principles of the laws of nations is affected by special and novel conditions: First, by the fact that these vessels can navigate and remain at sea submerged and can thus escape all control and observation; second by the fact that it is impos-
 sible to identify them and establish their national character, whether neut- ral or belligerent combatant or non
 combatant and to remove the capacity
 for harm inherent in the nature of such vessels.
 Tt may further be said that any place which provides a submarine war ship far from it's base with an oppor- | tunity for rest and replenishment of it's supplies thereby furnishes such admis- sion to its powers that the place be-
 comes in fact, through the advantages
 which it gives, a base of naval opera tions.
 | ''ln view of the state of affairs thus existing, the allied governments are of | the opinion that submarine vessels | should be excluded from the benefit of the rules hitherto recognized by the laws of nations regarding the admission | of vessels of war or merchant vessels l into neutral waters, roadsteads, or ports, and their sojourn in them. Any l belliSerent submarine entering a neut- | ral port should be detained there. ''The allied governments take this | opportunity to point'ou to the neutral | powers the grave danger incurred by l neutral submarines in the navigation | of regions frequented by belligerent | ships"
 The London afternoon newspapers generally devote leading editorials to | tho visit of the German submarine to ] the United States. The Pail Mall Gazette says that in the sinking of | numerous ships off the American coast | the government and people of the | United States have thus had an inti- | mate reminder of the character and I 1ah fC nf h.A ft ,S.al,
 their hospitality"
 | The Pall Mall Gazette summarizes | the entente allied note regarding the l treatment of submersibles and con- 2 tinues: "The entente allies have point ed out in the most friendly spirit some | of the consequences which neutrals 1 cannot escape if they extend the re- l sources of their ports to belligerent submarines. If those German craft are
 to ply their calling off American ports
 we shall obviously establish a counter
 patrol and our merchantmen will have
 to be alert to destroy the pirates when
 ever the opportunity offers.
 But in this kind of warfare there is
 little time to ascertain the nationality
 of submarine craft. Their hunters
 have to deal with them on sight and it
 is by no means improbable that one of
 Americas own submarines straying
 into the danger zone might inadver-
 tently encounter the fate reserved for
 a 'Boche.' It is a question for
 the American government. whether it
 wishes it's Atlantic coast frequented by it's own submarines or by those of Ger
 many. It is quite clear in the nature of things that there is not room for both"
 The Westminster Gazette prints an ; editorial dealing with the circum- stances attending the arrival of the submarine at Newport and says "The U-53 was shephered by the D-2 into port where a mysterious letter was
 duly handed to a journalist-the only man allowed aboard, who in turn post | ed it by the next mail"
 . The newspaper refers to the entente 7 allied memorandum regarding subma- l rines, which, it says, apparently was l not published in the United States. al- : though that power surely was one of r those to whom it was addressed. The ) paper says it is certain Germany knew S the contents of the memorandum and il l may be that the U-53 was sent to test
 the position of the United States.