The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1916-08-11

Will you please explain the advan.
tages and disadvantages of the block
and single cast cylinders?
The use Of separately cast cylinders
in Il multicylinder engine increases the
over all length Of tie motor ana calls
for long crank shaft with more bear
ing supports than a pair or block cast
meteor OF the same number of cylin-
ders. Thh type Of motor makes man
fold connections more. complicated
than in the other types, and the weight
is greater for a given size because OF
lack of compactness. Because Of the
complications in manifolding there il
greater chance OF leakage in the water
connections and inlet manifold sys.
tenn. a motor with cylinders separated
usually Is not as clean IN appearance
as an engine with cylinders cast 9th
erwise.
The main advantage of the singly
cast motor Is that should any trouble
occur with one cylinder that one only
need be removed This design allows
Of copper water jackets being used,
which are considered by many better
suited for cooling jacket material than
cast iron. Taking a four cylinder, sep
arately cast motor, usually five bear
ings are used for crank shaft support
This makes a rigid construction for
shaft and tends to prevent bearing in
jury. A great advantage in manufac-
ture is that should a defect occur in
the casting it may be junked with
practically little loss, for only the one
cylinder becomes scrap.
The block motor. which has made
such rapid strides in the past few
years, has it's main disadvantage in
manufacture and repair work. Should
a casting be found defective the entire
block must be junked. with a conse-
Quent loss OF money and time. From
an owners point of view disadvan-
tage presents itself when repair time
comes around. Should the interior Of
any one cylinder require attention the
entire block must be removed, except,
Of course, where q detachable cylinder
head IS used, and then only the head
requires removal. The detachable head
on block motors is coming into use
very rapidly. A block is more difficult
to cast than single cylinder. How
ever, present foundry work has been
improved SO that the casting Of block
cylinders no longer results in great
waste or the production of many blocks
with imperfections. a further disad-
vantage of the block casting is that
oh tI,, -, 4
cause the metal TO crack the entire
block may have TO be strapped unless,
of course, an effective weld can be
made
A block cast motor is more rigid than
any other. the manifolding is simple.
and In most cases the manifolds may
be cast with the block This type is
Quieter through life than a separately
cast motor because Of the bracing eff
feet of the cylinders. The crank shaft
OF four cylinder block motor need not
have more than three bearings, the
greater number Of small motors using
two. The block motor has shorter
overall length than any other type,
hence shorter shafting and less weight.
What is the difference between a
common valve and a tungsten valve7
A tungsten valve is made of tung-
stem steel and the common valve
usually has a nickel steel head or a
carbon steel head.
My maensto will not deliver a spark
when the spark lever is in extreme re-
tard or advance position. When the
switch is turned to the batteries the
spark N the same in any position. The
0,aensts are little weak. Would this
sauss tho trouble2
ThIs NAV no caucaJ nv tho adiI1St.