davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The enterprise. [volume] (Harlem, Mont.) 1899-1926, 1916-08-17


the qualified electors of the state at
said general election proposed
amendment to Section Is, Article
MI Of the Constitution of the state
OF Montana, as prescribed by chapter
~ of the laws of the Fourteenth
Legislative Assembly, being an Act
entitled:
"An Act for the submission to the
qualified electors Of the State of
Montana Of an amendment to Sec
ton 10, Article XII of the Constitu-
tlon OF the State of Montana, Great
ing County Board of Equaliza-
ton and State Board of Equaliza
ton and prescribing the powers, au-
thority and duties of such respective
board"
There will also be submitted to
the qualified electors OF the state at
said general election proposed
amendment to Section 2, OF Article
All Of the Constitution OF the State
OF Montana, as prescribed by Chap
ter 4S Of the laws Of the Fourteenth
Legislative Assembly, being an Act
entitled
An Act to submit to the qualified
electors Of the State of Montana, an
amendment to Section 2 of Article
MI of the Constitution of the State
OF Montana, relating to exemption
from taxation"
There will also be submitted to
the qualified electors of said state at
said general election Referendum
Measure Nc. 10, as prescribed by
chapter 80 Of the Jaws ol the -Four
teenth Legislative Assembly, being
an act entitled:
An Act prohibiting the intro
duction into, the manufacture of,
and the giving, exchanging, barter
ing, selling, Or disposing of ardent
spirits, ale beer, vine or intoXicat-
ing liquors within the State of Mon
tana, providing penaltis for the vio-
lation thereof, and providing for
Referendum of said act and provid-
ing the time when said acl shall take
effect
'There will also be submitted to
the qualified electors of said state at
said genral election Initiative Meas
ure No. II, being an act entitled:
AN Act establishing State .A'th-
letic Commission and regulating box
ing and sparring in the State of
Montana i
There will also be submitted! to thel
said electors at said general election
the proposition us to whether state
bonds shall be issued in an amount |
not exceeding two hundred sixty
five thousand dollars ($265, OOO.OO) |
as prescribed by chapter LOG of the
laws of the Fourteenth Legislative
Assembly, being an act entitled
An act to authorize the State of
Montana to become indebted in ex-
e's g me constitutional limit, and
The enterprise. [volume] (Harlem, Mont.) 1899-1926, 1916-08-17

Strayed. - One black ge,dine,
six years of age and branded
on the left thigh. Ten dol
lars reward for information for the
return OF the horse to the Farmers
Feed Barn, Malta. Az
The Gem worker and the Idaho labor herald. (Boise, Idaho) 1914-1917, 1916-08-17
The Child Labor Bill Passes Senate 81 to IL

Tuesday, Aug. S-The senate passed
the federal child labor bill by vote
of 81 to H. The two Pennsylvania
senators-Penrose and Oliver we're
the only northern senators who vot-
ed against the bill. The other 10
we're: Senators Hardwick and Smith,
Georgia; Bryan and Fletcher. Flori-
da; Bankhead, Alabama; Overman
and Simmons, North Carolina; Smith
and Tillman, South Carolina. Will
liams, Mississippi.
The bill provides, in effect, that
products in which the labor of chill
dren under IA years of age is en-
ployed, shall be denied interstate COM
merce. In the case of products of
mine and quarries, the age limit is
raised to 10 years. The bill passed
the house February 2, 1916.
While the bill was under discussion
in the senate Senator Overnan Of
North Carolina voiced the opposition
when he declared that if the bill is
constitutional there will be an abb
solute absorption of the police powers
Of the sovereign commonwealths and
there will be no barrier in the way oi
Capitalization of all power in Wash.
lington, to which goal we are rapidly
The Gem worker and the Idaho labor herald. (Boise, Idaho) 1914-1917, 1916-08-17

TINS country is now confronted with
in relation to its courts must be pre-
ceded by a general awakening of the
masses in governmental matters. The
special interests will continue to Sc.
lect corrupt public servants if they
are allowed to doso and it is very
doubtful if there will be any wide
spread militancy on the part of our
people in demanding justice until
there has been the most dire priva-
tions. This is not pessimism but a
cold, calculated, logical opinion based
upon facts. There is really no more
reason why we should escape paying
a fearful penalty for our folly in de-
parting from justice in government
than that European mankind in the
aggregate should pay in blood, hun
ger and misery the price of hatred,
envy, jealousy and organized murder.
1t is the inevitable law of compensa-
tion and there is no doubt but that
we will arise from Divine 1ambast-
ing in much better state of mind. We
will have fewer cheerful idiots in high
places and there will be more care in
selecting public servants, as we'll as
a more drastic punishment to the
transgressor on public rights. Our
present happy contentment with sor-
did conditions in business and low
E l.
cealed a cup of bitterness. Instead
of preaching our virtue from the
house-tops let us first find out how
much we possess and start improve
ment. There is no people in as great
danger of passing out as a people
who think themselves invincible. As
with individuals the loss of the self
analyzing instinct spells dry rot inn
potency. /
The people in a nation most given
to optimistic preachments concerning
the living conditions of the Masses
are they who rob the latter and whose
era of robbery depends for its life up
on contentment as groundwork.
Reactionaries are always stupid and
futile in government but they have
always been powerfully cunning and
invincible in creeping back into place
after being discredited for incapacity
and lack of initiative. This result is
caused by the universal conservative
instinct in the mass of mankind caus-
ed by cowardice. Reactionaries al
ways play heavily upon fear and ig-
norance but every time they prophecy
falsely concerning change they cause
"a corresponding increase of courage
in victims of oppression, who are
less and less cautious about expert
menting with new programs.
The Gem worker and the Idaho labor herald. (Boise, Idaho) 1914-1917, 1916-08-17
Railways Will Come to Settlement
(By Marcus Day)

~
elected the country should help him
bring pressure upon a reluctant con-
gress in making this desired change
Without militant pressure there will
be nothing done. 1t would be a splen-
did idea for friends Of the budget to
put all congressional and senatorial
representatives on record in the pres
ent campaign. Many of them are hop
ing to get by during the campaign
without committing themselves speci-
fically so that after election they can
refuse to listen to accusations of per-
fidy in breaking party pledges more
consistently. A written oath is about
the only thing that would insure ac-
ton on the part of many of them.
Neither political party has any right
to attempt to make the budget idea an
issue with which to capture votes for
both have failed to Iegaiize the de-
sired change. All the people have Sc
cured from either regarding economy
was a promises and betrayal.
The Gem worker and the Idaho labor herald. (Boise, Idaho) 1914-1917, 1916-08-17

AT the regular meeting of the Boise
Trades and Labor Council last even
ing the following business was trans
acted: Credentials of Philip o. An
derson and Frank Fanta were received
and the members were obligated. A
communication was read from the
Actors International Union who
stated that the White Rats were not
affiliated with the A. F. of L., and
were therefore not recognized by or
ganized labor A letter was read from
the American Federation OF Labor
warning organized labor not to assist
Cover Stampers and Gold Leaf Lay
ers Local No. q of New York as
they are not affiliated with the A. F.
of L. A letter and contract from the
Boise Valley Traction Co., was read
and received regarding concessions,
dance pavilion, boats, railroad fares,
etc, for the Labor Day picnic which
will be held at Pierce Park, Sept 4th
this year. The Traction company's
rates of this date will be one plus l-3
for the round trip with minimum of
rs cents per round trip ticket. The
company also agrees to carry any
banners furnished for advertising pur-
poses.
The Labor Day committe made a
report in which it was stated that all
preparations were we'll under way for
advertising, sports, speaking and pic
nicing and the committee will visit
the park in a body Sunday next when
minor details will be Investigated and
taken care OF. All are invited to
bring their lunches and enjoy the day.
There will be a special meeting at
labor headquarters August 30 to com
plete all arrangements.
The Labor Day committee as they
now stand are:
Dance and Music-A. H. Dahlgren,
Fred Rosene, Frank Franta and Frank
Clayton.
The Gem worker and the Idaho labor herald. (Boise, Idaho) 1914-1917, 1916-08-17

Mr.. Hughes speaks out for bud
get system. Mr. Wilson and he are
agreed upon the necessity of it and
so is the thinking mass of the coun-
try in general but Mr.. Hughes must
amaze students of politics when he
attempts to make political capital out
OF the budget idea in this campaign,
He could not muster half a dozen
senator's in his party who would sup
port the budget proposition with their
votes. Mr.. Wilson has failed to Sc
cure sufficient support to the reform
in a party which contains among its
members a great majority OF the rad
;caIs Of the country while in the Re-
publican organization there is solid
line up of fat-fryers. The indepen-
dent voters are very spetical Of either
Democratic or Republican promises
on this question until there IS q vas'
change in the personal Of both, AS
president Wilson is certain to be re-
The Gem worker and the Idaho labor herald. (Boise, Idaho) 1914-1917, 1916-08-17

drifting
Senator Vardaman of Mississippi
disagreed with his southern colleag-
ues.. He said "the constitution is us
ually the refuge of the statesman
whose interests or preconceived no
tions are to be subserved or support
ed by the invocation of the terms of
that instrument" He said that he has
observed that the constitution "has
never stood in the way very long of
the enactment of any measure which
public sentiment demanded should
be neacted for the good of mankind" J"
In an eloquent manner the Mississippi
lawmaker swept aside the argument
of constitutional pleaders and urged
that the question be viewed from
mans higher impulses.
This bill deals with immortal stuff,
he cried. Its effect upon the affairs
of today are of inconsequential con-
cern when we consider the larger is
sues of the future. The salvation oi
the child is the hope of the race-the
source of strength and life OF the
republie-the highest function of q
great government. The temporary
moral welfare Of society depends up'
CONTINUED 70 page three)
The Gem worker and the Idaho labor herald. (Boise, Idaho) 1914-1917, 1916-08-17
EXPLAINS HIS POSITION

the streets. l am in favor of child
legislation. ! am also in favor of the
immigration bill so that the parents of
children of this country may have a
decent wage and such a standard of
living that they will be able to take
care of and educate their children. |
sincerely hope that some of our
friends in favor of child labor legisla-
tion do not dwell so close to the
large shipping interests as to obscure
their views as to the necessity of inn
migration legislation"
In answer to another protest, Sena-
tor Borah replied:
Thousands and hundreds of thou
sands of immigrants will come here
latter the present war; to reduce the
price of labor and lower the standard
of living and deprive the working
people of this country of that COM
potency which will enable them to
take care of their families and educate
their children. / have been astonished
that men like yourself do not seem
to realize that the child labor bill and
the immigration bill are kindred mea-
sures, serving one and the same cause,
to-wit, the children of the country
and the citizenship of the country.
z"I ann not at all disturbed by the
criticism of few narrow gauged or
sinister controlled people who ex-
plot their love for the child by ad-
vocating child labor laws and who
exemplify their devotion to the al
mighty dollar by opposing immigra-
tion laws"
The Gem worker and the Idaho labor herald. (Boise, Idaho) 1914-1917, 1916-08-17

Washington.-Bec of United
States Senator Borah's recent threat
that he would offer the immigration
restriction bill, now pending in the
senate, as an amendment to the child
labor bill, he has received numberless
protests against connecting these two
measures.
Although the Idaho senator favors
child labor, has voted for it and de-
Tended the bill just passed, he has an
swered these protests in the same
vigorous spirit of the objectors, as the
following, signed by him illustrates;
my Dear Madam have your
telegram in which you state. Please
remember that women are watching
the child labor legislation | am
greatly pleased to hear this. | trust
your view and your sympathies will be
broad enough also to include not only
the child which is working in the
factory but also the child which may
be forced upon the streets to beg OF
to commit crime or to starve. II
would be an act of folly worthy Of
people of limited and narrow view:
liz we should pass a law which would
provide for the taking of the child out
of the factory, a law which very
much favor, but at the same time
leave our immigration laws in sucf
condition that after the war shall have
closed, or even before, foreign i1nmi
grants mayforce the parents of tha
child out Of their position so that the,
lean neither educate it nor elothe it noi
withhold it from the vagrancy upoI
The Gem worker and the Idaho labor herald. (Boise, Idaho) 1914-1917, 1916-08-17
To All Labor Bodies Of Boise

Recently the proposition of taking
over and establishing permanent hall
and headquarters for the unions of
Boise was assumed by the Boise
Trades and Labor Council. What
success has marked our efforts is
patent to all union men. Never, in
the history of the labor movement in
Boise, have we been more comfortab-
ly situated for taking care of the
wants of the individual unions and we
are now one compact body, meeting in
the same halls and are in closer touch,
one with the other, than ever before.
The cheeriness of our new location
should add renewed vigor to every
union. Nothing is so conducive to a
good attendance at meetings as a
good comfortable place in which to
meet, and nothing adds more to the
virility of union than a good at
tendance. This is what the council is
striving for. and feels it has measur-
ably successded.
To repay the Council for this we
have but one request to make of each
and every union in this city-see to il
that you are regularly represented by
your full quota of delegates for which
you pay per capita and to which yor
are entitled. Require a report eacf
The Gem worker and the Idaho labor herald. (Boise, Idaho) 1914-1917, 1916-08-17

meeting OF the attendance of delegates
to the Trades Council We want
them-we need them. Just in proper
tion as you are diligent in attending to
your Council duties, just in that pro-
portion will the council be a represen-
tative body and virile, active, labor
force. Get report from them.
There's something doing every time
Council meets. You ought to know
of it. 1t will keep you abreast of the
times. Especially will this be true
for the next following few months
and by the expiration of that time it
will have become a habit
Thee is not a ripple of discord
among the unions in Boise today.
We are indebted to no one and our
affairs are in splendid shape with an
assured income more than equaling
the expenditures. We ask you to as
sist in making this condition one of
permancy and thus secure your share
of the benefits to be derived from such
splendid cohesiveness.
In closing we again desire to urge
you to be insistent on the attendance
of your delegates to the meetings OF
the Trades Council
Fraternally yours,
AL REYNOLDS, President
R. c. BADLEY, Secretary-Treas.
The Gem worker and the Idaho labor herald. (Boise, Idaho) 1914-1917, 1916-08-17
Meeting Of Boise Trades Council

Sports-Al Reynolds, John Alden
and c. A. Peterson.
Press and Advertising. o. Mich
OILS, and J. d. Brown.
Program Committee-A. w. Kool
and p H. Spangenberg. 49,. ..........
J. d. Brown was elected as a NOM
inee for local organizer in place of
Harry Fulton whose term has ex-
pired. c. c. Waybright was elected
Vice President of the Trades Council
to succeed Chas. Elmer who has left
the city.
The Committees of the Trades
Council for the ensuing term are:
Building Trades Committee. P,
McDaniels, ]. d. Brown, Robt. o.
Murry and c. A. Peterson.
Press Committee-L. o. Nichols
and L. w. Smith.
Grievance Committee. D. Brown
c. A. Peterson and Robt. Scott.
Label Committee-A. H. Dahlgren
R. H. Bunny and Frank Franta.
Resolution Committee. o. An
derson, F. w. Curtis, and w. L.
Phelps.
Organizations Committee. F. Ca
ton, F. P. McDaniels, Robt. o. Muir
ray. w. L. Phelps and c. A. Peterson
Entertainment Committee. c
Waybright and w. A. Ross.
Ed Price of the Typographical
union was given the floor a few minu-
ties and informed the council that the
Pope directory was being printed il
Salt Lake this year by a scab shor
and that they have a representative
in Boise now soliciting business Il
was suggested that members of or
ganized labor in the city protest
against the company using their
names in the directory and otherwise
refrain from helping them until such
time as the matter may be cleared up
Mr.. Price was given vote of thank.
for the interest he has shown in the
matter
The Gem worker and the Idaho labor herald. (Boise, Idaho) 1914-1917, 1916-08-17
THE CHEERFUL IDIOTS
Increasing Interest Of the Masses Will Cause
Passing From Public Life
(By Marcus Day.

In recent decision handed down
by the Supreme Court of Massechu-
setts, John Bogni ct al, VS.. Giovanna
Perotti ct al, in which that court
takes the stand that the right to work
is property, one can easily fathom
the reason why plutocracy is so inter
ested in keeping human beings off the
United States Supreme Bench. If
labor is property working men are
also property and we have human
slavery recognized as legal insti-
tuition. Such appointees as Louis D.
Brandeis and John H. Clarke do not
hold that labor is property and their
dissenting opinions to the contrary
when a majority of the court so de-
clares will be annoying and discon-
certing. Mr.. Hughes and Mr.. Taft
are both welded to the doctrine that
capital has a property right in labor
and both were satisfactory to crimi-
nal business as members OF our high
est tribunal After all is said it is a
matter of profit.
If the question was left to employ
ers, as a body it is more than likely
that the court assumption that labor
has no rights that capital should be
in duty bound to respect would be
hailed with satisfaction. This would
not mean that even a minority of en-
ployers would desire to perpetuate
wage slavery or resort to MEDIEVAL
brutality but simply that conditions
competitively are such that the en-
ployers will grasp at anything to keep
themselves afloat in business.
More than ninety-nine per cent OF
the employing class in this country
are in competitive business and their
ability to expand depends upon meet
ing all prices of possible competitors
This has direct bearing upon con
troll of wages. Thru precedent courts
have assumed the function of ulti-
mate 1aw-making and the employing
class, smaller in number, more intelli-
gent and energetic, have been able to
steer into bench positions men oi
lower character and thru their con
troll of the newspapers to throw q
glamor of sanctity around these char
latans in order to cry down criti
cism.
But crime carries with it the mean:
of its final overthrow because the
cause of justice comes by intuition
into the minds Of men and where JUS
tice is not served by courts respect
for these courts falls off automatically
as court decisions depart from theil
true line of duty.
Any remedy for such situation as
The Gem worker and the Idaho labor herald. (Boise, Idaho) 1914-1917, 1916-08-17

In response to a request for intor-
nation, President Samuel Gompers
last week sent out the following rec
ord of the activities of Charles Evans
Hughes, Republican candidate for
president of the United States, to
James A. Duncan, secretary of the
Central Labor Council of Seattle:
Your letter of recent date, asking,
for the record of Hon. Chas. E.
Hughes, nominee of the Republican
party for president, in regard to labor
matters and particularly as to the
famous Danbury hatters' case, was
received.
The Danbury hatters' case has an
historical place in labor's struggles
for freedom. 1t was in the course
of the trial of this case that the
workers of our country finally sue
ceeded in securing a declaration from
the highest court of the land as to
the application of antitrust legisla-
ton to associations of wage earners
OF Fundamental Importance
"The decision of the court in this
case involved a principle OF tunda-
mental importance to workers. 1t
was the same principle involved in
the abuse Of the writ of Injunction
which, under the perversion of judges,
who had no understanding OF indus
trial conditions and the labor OF hui
man beings, had been transformed
into an agency at the service OF en-
ployers who wished to restrict the
industrial freedom of their employees
and to prevent their using legitimate
methods of securing their demands
and promoting their welfare.
"The theory upon which courts have
held that antitrust legislation applied
to associations of wage earners and
that iniunctions could be used to reg
ulate industrial relations, which are
personal relations, was the assump-
ton that the labor of human being.
was an article or a commodity, and,
therefore. property. This assumption
recognizes no distinction between the
creative labor power of human be-
ing which is inseparable from his
living body and the articles which he
produces.
an 1908 the supreme court OF the
United States rendered decision in
the hatters' case when the initial ap-
peal was made.
I'm 1914 the United States supreme
court delivered its final decision in
the case and sustained the conten-
tions of the lawyers of the anti-boy-
colt associations which instigated suit
against the hatters in the name OF
the d. E. Loewe Company, hat man
ufacturers of Danbury, Conn.
Threatened Existence of Unions
"The court sustained the position
that the Sherman antitrust law ap-
plied to the personal attributes and
normal activities of human beings
II held to the theory that there was
no distinction between the labor
power of human beings on the one
hand and articles or commodities or
the other-articles or commodities
which men sought to control ane
manipulate through trusts. This de
cision threatened the very existence