Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1916-07-10

Since the U-boat Deutschland steamed
into Baltimore this morning after trip
of 1000 miles, 1900 of it under water, men
in all walks of life have been asking, What
sort of engine did the Germans use TO ac-
compllsh such wonderful feat? How could
they do it? What is the secret?"
1t remained for l.. D. Levekin, the chief
engineer of the New York Shlpbullding
Company at Camden, n, j., an authority
on such subjects, to clear up the question
and explain how and why 1t was possible
to accomplish the feat.
Mr. Lovekin. who has spent years on the
study of such problems, Is in position
to know about this Diesel type of engine
used in the Deutschland, 1t was but a
few months ago that the New York Ship
building Company obtained rights 10 manu-
facture the type of oil engine us"1 In the
Deutschland in her epoch-malSing trip.
COMPRESSED AIR USED,
"In the first place" said Mr.. Lovekln
today, "the Diesel engine used in the
Deutschland. in which crude oil ID used Is
ignited by compression within the cylinder
itself The principle which was invented
by DR.. Rudolph Diesel, of Munich, Bavaria,
avoids the use of any torch for heating up
and It avoids the use OF a hot bulb, such as
has been in general use In oil engines for
many years.
LAS 1 said it starts on compressed air and
after few strokes the oil is injected and
compression itself ignites the oil so that no
electric spark or other means of ignition are
used
THE invention of the Diesel engine
caused worldwide comment on account of
Its wonderful economy, and was recognized
by every scientific body in the world at the
time Il was first announced, about six or
seven years ago, after the inventor had
spent rs years on H." added Mr.. Loyekin.
lie then spoke of the tragic death OF
Doctor Diesel, who jumped into the ocean
from an ocean liner on HIS way from Hol-
land 20 London about two years ago lie
said he thought the inventors mind had
been affected by his work, Doctor Diesel
himself gave lecture In the Engineers
Society Building. New York, some years
ago on the Diesel oil engine, and was given
medal of honor by the American Society
OF Mechanical Engineers
SEVERAL TYPES OF ENGINES.
There are several types of the Diesel
engines" added Mr.. keyekin. returning TO
the subject OF the engine itself. They
are built on the two cycle and the four
Cycle type. The variation Ia designs how
ever are largely in the details. While DR..
Diesel invented the principle itself used
by all, many engineers have constructed
details which have added to the sfheleney
OF the Diesel
1.-THE engine such as Is used in the
Deutschland uses about .45 OF a pound OF
crude OIL per brake horsepower. A triple
expansion steam engine as Is used ia the
average steamship uses about 10 pounds
Of water per indicated horsepower. and with
the steam engine Il Y necessary 10 USE
boilers In order 10 generate tha steam aRd
either coal or OIL for fuel
II oil Is used for fuel In order to put
comparison OF the Diesel and triple ex-
pansiOn on the same basis We can con-
sergatiyely state that an evaporation Of l5
pounds Of water per pound of oil Is about
al that can be expected Thus II will be
seen that 4 steamship fitted with triple
expansion engine ana boilers. VIII require
about one pornd of Oh per horss power,
while with a Diesel engine il viii only re-
auire about As or = litsle less than one
half Rs much fusi ~ Fequired ~ ths steam
spslns" =