davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1916-01-09
Took Up Golden Rule
Brotherhood IN Prison

when he went to Sing Sing he toOk
up the Golden Rule Brotherhood, and
cleared the Decentralization that had re-
suited after the departure OF McCor-
mick. He had with him az assistant
Charles Johnson. a penologist Of note.
Together they attacked the problem.
The first result was the granting OF
the brOadest privileges TO the convicts-
inmates they became now in the cuphe-
mistio sense. The most noteworthy Of
these was the institution OF a court Of
prisoners. in which their own judges
sat and passed judgment on those who
had broken the prison rules.
Then followed the concession OF per-
hitting the relatives OF prisoners to visit
them on Sundays. The restrictions that
had been put upon the inmates mail
were removed-and only a prisoner can
tell just how much that means.
Osborne. In his first speech, declared
war on the keepers. He announced that
he would give as much credence TO the
word of a convict as he would give TO
the paid guardians. As a consequence,
he found RPrayed against him a group
IF men with strong political backing.
1t - known now that these men con-
spired against him.
He gave full liberty of speech in tire
mess halls and shops. He took the
guards away from these places. Wher'
ever he could he reduced the suryeil-
lance of the uniformed men and put
convict keepers I'm their stead Withis
! a month after he took office the con,
yicts In the actual sense OF the word
We're running the prison Whether thil
was a m,E5take the jury that tries Os-
I borne will have to determine; penolo'
gi5ts differ on the point
Osborne was the man who frames
| the reforms. Johnson put them int;
h. kAlA L. al NVtFt
1 that Johnson often failed to carry ou
! his instructions. lie modified th'
| changes so as to make them adaptable
4 TO the conditions as he cav them,
Some weeks Osborne was In the prison
only for two or three days. The indict
nents say he absented himself withou
| permission. lie employed all his tins
outside the prison in telling clubs
| leagues, and church meetings his plans
| lie worked uD not only In New Yori
/ State. but all through the adjoinin'
| States, q deep interest in his reforms
! As a consequence he has with him nov
the support of innumerablc organize
lions who believe I'm the efficacy of hi
Another change that Osborne mad
| was in the name of the organization
lie hnd the Brotherhood change ttsel
to the Mutual Welfare Leagne, and pat
tern itself after the parent body h
Auburn.
This stirred up measure OF disaf
lection that was fostered by ceItPi
of the big men among the inmates
rhe warden, with his CHARACTERISED
Impotence OF opposition. had these dis
cordant men transferred to other pris
onS. Ply this means. although he pro
fessed ~ keep his hands removed fror
the action of the league. he exercise
an autocratic power in its destiny.
II Is not an unfair statement to sa
that he picked favorites among the con
victs These men enjoyed his conf
dence to an extraordinary degree; 4
fact, some OF them had the free ru
OF hlN house.
Soon he ran afoul OF Superintendent
The Washington times., 1916-01-09
Knew Nothing of Prison
But He Knew Men

This man. who had no more knowledge
of prisons than a rabbit. had greater
asset. He understood men. Further
more. he regarded the convicts as men
men who had made mistakes but never
theless men who had the usual set OF
emotions. who had capacity for SUI
fering. who would respond to fairness
and justice.
It was this master plumber who in
stituted self-government in Sing Sing.
not Osborne. The Mutual Welfare
League had Its inception in the Golden
Rule Brotherhood that Mccormick
founded. 1t Wasshe who organized base
bali in the prison. who gave the men
opportunity for healthy recreation and
msde them their own guardians.
He went one step too far. Sing Sing
contained a bank wrecker. David Sui
liven. who ruined the Union Bank of
Brooklyn. Mccormick took liking to
Sullivan. and put him In a position
where he exercised the power OF a
deputy warden. Moreover. he made him
out OF prison to Yonkers and Man
haitian. Sullivan abused the favoritism..
A scandal resulted and Mccormick was
ousted and Inundated.
When Governor Glynn sought a man
for the vacant place there was an
unanimous demand for T. NJ. Osborne.
lie had been known for years as a
prison reformer. He had made a study
country. but abroad. For first-hand i'm
formation he submitted to the unusual
experiment of having himself incarce-
rated in Auburn Prison for week.
Under the name OF Tom Brown" he
ate and worked with the convicts He
learned their point of view. He found
the flaws in the conditions and he had
definite ideas about the remedy. That
he might apply the remedy, civic or
ganizations and the newspapers of New
York practically compelled Governor
Glynn to appoint him.
IL was little OF Glynn's affair He was
about to go out of the goVeTnorship.
When he appointed Osborne he did so
contrary to the wishes of Tammany
The Washington times., 1916-01-09
Number of Mistakes
StaftlinGIy Small

Reviewing them all, 1t is startling
that there are so few, no matter how
embracing may be their generic head
ings. Whoever sets about to correct
the errors in authority that have re-
suited through these defects in the
character of Osborne will develop a
crop of his own in some other direc-
lions. That is bound to happen. it IS
in human nature. Only godlilSe person
dealing with godlike charges can euro
them all.
There was a man in Sing Sing who
felt that ne made no mistakes In deal
ing with the prisoners. He acted on
the principle that all conviets, the first
offenders and the habituals, were rats
that was his favorite word for them
and he treated them accordingly. He
was for q quarter OF a century principal
keeper I'm the rat trap on the banks OF
the Hudson, and IL was not until In the
evolution of the last three years he
was retired that there came any Vari-
ance with his habits Of thought and
action.
He had started in Sing Sing as a
keeper when ne was a young man. In
his home life he was kindly, indulgent,
and generous. In his dealings with men
not of prison he was fair-minded. He
was a devoted churchman who applied
the precepts of mis- faith to an extraor-
dinnrily extreme degree-eXcepc in his
prison work.
Probably ne was NOT 10 DIhhS' MS
| ideas on convicts were not his own; he
| took what the traditions gave him and
never saw any other side of the sit
uation. This man who never uttered a
harsh word In his own home gave his
spare time in prison to thinking up new
ways of making the lot Of the convicts
! harder. His primary principle was that
| to make a man dread prison was to
/ cure him of crime. If torture. hard
ship and privation could instill that
dread he carried out his mission to
| the letter.
The Washington times., 1916-01-09

apparently the charges OF Grady and
his TamnRny cohorts Were improved,
because Osborne was named and served
in the commission.
He went from there to the forest, nah
and game commission on the appoint
ment OF Governor Dix. once again he
blocked the Fourteenth street organiza-
ton when Il sought 10 push through
the legislature the election Of william
r.. eheehah TO the United States Senate.
Once again Tammhny made an attack
on his private character, but Osborne
The Washington times., 1916-01-09
New Element in
Penology From Travail

Born out of travail has been this new
element in penology. It has been
brought to it's best fultllment at the
sacrifice of the careers of three of the
fOuF,wardens who have held office in
the last three years.
Il used to be said that man who
became mayor of New York city signed
his own political death warrant A re-
vteWtof the last three years shows that
the, man who accepts the wardenship
OF Sing Sing makes his own grave.
Nemesis has camped upon the trail OF
the recent incumbents.
Kennedy, who gave the prison its
FIRST taste of humanity, was ousted by
Governor Sulzer after a report made
by specially appointed Investigator of
the prison. AfterWard he was indicted
tor nisfeasance in office. The charges
have been dismissed since, but Ken
needy is a broken man.
He vas succeeded by James n. Clam
cy, who was appointed by Governor
in prison work, whose appointment was
made to satisfy q political debt, carried
the humane measures of Kennedy to n
point regarded as extreme by students
on penOlogy Finally in hts reforms
he slapped on the toes of certain pot
itfciaYis and he quit. He II the only
one Of the four given the privilege or
resignation.
Hilarious laughter and indignation
marked the advent of Thomas McCor-
mick who followed Clancy into the
wardenship When, he was appointed he
was a bankrupt plumber. He, too. was
put in for political reasons. Governor
Tlynn needed the support of Yonkers
McCoFmick'S home town.
The Washington times., 1916-01-09
Without An
Operation
Wonderful Healing Of Rupture.
How a New Jersey Man Got Rid
of a Severe, Obstinate, Right
InguinaI Hernia Without the
Slightest Trouble.

Below is a picture of Eugene M. Pull
len, a well-known carpenter Of Manas-
guam, New Jersey. II you could see
him at his work, particularly when he
handles heavy timber. jumps and climbs
around like youth, you would scarce
ly imagine that he had formerly been
afflicted with q rupture.
The Washington times., 1916-01-09

iently they sat beside each other In
mess hall. In lock-step formation they
passed to their shops. where they sat
under the watchful eye OF an armed
guard. Side by side they worked. put
II 4 man dared to speak to another
he was, knocked down and beaten. Not
only that, but he was condemned to
the dark cells, those holes Of abyssmal
he'll, where his bed was q rtvet-studdeo
floor. No light penetrated his dungeon.
His food was 4 sill Of water and one
slice OF bread each day. His conhne-
ment lasted in proportion 70 the vio-
lence Of his Offense and the proudneas
Of his spirit.
was Il any wonder that men penned
like this went mad. that they plotted
the killing OF their keepers, that they
blotted out OF their mind any intention
Of playing square With society," Crlm1es
to fulfillment in such an environment.
So IT. was until 19t3 when Kennedy
became warden. He rs q man OF strong,
vigorous physique. He had been q
Broadway policeman until the Whirit-
Gig OF politics put him in power.
Was the Plaything
OF Outside Politicians
He found his place. gave him the
administration of the high, the low. and
the middle Justice. He could do no
better than temper discipline with the
second kind When he became warden
the prison was the plaything Of outside
politicians. They were capltaliEing the
cruelty that the traditions said should
be melted to the criminals.
Contractors sold maggoty meat to the
prison department, and without question
II found It's way to the plates Of the
wretches in Sing Sing. other contrac-
enerSy out Of the conVicts In their SHOP
work. Back of these contractors were
politicians who held governors In the
palms of their hands.
Kennedy insisted upon better food,
and did so with such vigor that his knell
was sounded. The pirates trading out
side decreed that the black spot should
be handed to him. Before he went out
Kennedy worked out other ameliorations
of the monotony and soddenness of
prison life. The convicts hailed him al
most as q Messiah.
Hence, as has been told at the outset
when he was indicted for conditions
that Il was beyond his power to remedy
the prisoners went berserk They
thought that the old cruelty would come
back to them.
The trail had been blazed and Ward.
en- Clancy followed It after ne convinced
the outlawing convicts that he meant
to play fair with them. Clancy being OF
I musical turn of mind organized a con-
Wet band, and persuaded a number OF
! prison reformers to buy costumes fol
, the players. For years. in Western
prisons. and even in jails OF the East
prisoners. but when Sing Sing turned
to brass the step was regarded as revo'
4 lttionary
The Washington times., 1916-01-09
Turned Prison Loose
For Baseball Game


piece of ground. and. after persuading
q prison enthusiast TO contribute 500 for
balls. bats. and gloves. turned the whole
prison loose on this ground after he had
declared a half-holiday on Saturday.
spontaneously there grew up an or
SANITATION OF the delegates that took
from the warden the suggestion of a
name, the Golden Rule Brotherhood
This was the first step in self-gOvern-
ment.
'Cormick took the men out of their cells
One Sunday and told them they were
to master themselves. A sergeant-at-
arms, the most hardened criminal in
the whole prison, was chosen and he
surrounded himself wisA n corps of as
sistants. Not q keeper or guard-out-
side of the convicts themselves-wAs on
the grounds
Critics moaned at this license. The
~ to his opinion that the men would
behave themselves They did. The ex-
pertinent paid for itself many times
over. The output of the shops was In
creased, personal depravity In the
prison was reduced to a minimum.
Then came the fatal friendship with
Sullivan. Mccormick held that he was
within his rights in having the bank
wrecker for his chauffeur outside the
prison limits. Governor Glynn and his
special commissioner Stephen Baldwin,
decided otherwise.
Mccormick went, and with his de-
parture two grand juries, one in West
chester, the other in Brooklyn, got
busy. They found presentments against
INC ousted warden. but could frame no
indictments, although there was no lack
The Washington times., 1916-01-09

dItlons could be improved for the work
ers; they sDoke-thia was after many
hours-of the harshness OF certain keep
ers. among them the old school "R. X !"
principal keeper. They begged for
some relief from the frightful confine-
ment over Sunday.
Most OF their grievances could not be
adjusted this side Of the millennium. but
His first act was TO rip out OF the prison
QUADRANGLE a flower bed that had been
vet there merely to relieve the eyes OF
the warden, who could see II from his
bad rnnun uIlnnnW.
Evening journal., 1916-03-02
POMONA GRANGE IN
Session HEARS OF
some UPLIFT WORK

Mayor James f. Price delivered the
address Of welcome at the opening ex-
ercises Of the quarterly meeting Of
the New Castle Pomona Grange, which
convened in Eden Hall at IL o'clock
this morning. Francis II. Hoffecker
responded on behalf of the delegates.
Worthy Master William II. Mccoy pre-
sided. There was a large attendance.
Worthy State Master Frank c. Ban
croft was among the guests.
The following were appointed on
the resolutions committee: Charles
Megginson. chairman; Nellie +. Sny-
der and Elihu Talley.
DR.. Harry II. Hayward Of Della
ware College. made an interesting. re-
port on data being received by the
experts sent here to study the con-
dition OF mental detectives among the
children in the three counties. as well
as OF the examination being made into
the condition Of the Negro and the
general condition Of the progress in
rural churches.
AZ noon a recess was taken until
Las o'clock. at which time David Smell
lenburg delivered an address on his
plan for an improved market.
A number of resolutions which had
heen turned over TO the committee on
resolutions. were considered this
afternoon.
Evening journal., 1916-03-02
BY BOND p. GEDDEs,

United Press staff Correspondent
WASHINGTON, March .. - Presi-
dent Wilson will make no positive
further move toward getting a show
down from Congress on his foreign
policy. He has decided to leave it 10
Congress and the country, a high adj
ministration official said today, de-
pending on the country TO swing Con-
gress to his way OF thinking
In other words the President has
determined to apply watchful waiting
TO the situation. leaving Congress and
the country to fight 1t out His belief
is that the country will bring Con-
grcss around
tn Chairman Flood. of the House
Foreign Relations Committee. the
President declared again today by
telephone that he wanted Congress To
act on "clean cut issue" He does
not want any compromise resolution
he reiterated, or any resolution that
In its final analysis will do anything
short Of clearly establishing just how
Congress stands in It's attitude to-
ward himself and the present situa-
tion. To bring this about a vote is
wanted on one of the resolutions
such as Representative McLemore's
Evening journal., 1916-03-02
Democrats CLING TO
State Conventions
To Elect National Delegates
by Old Plan Instead of
at Primaries
NAME COMMITTEEMAN
IN OPEN CONVENTION

Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL.
DOVER, March 2.-rhe Democratic
State Central Committee. in session here
today, with nearly all the members
present, adopted the recommendation OF
the subcommittee appointed on January
10, that in the election of delegates to
the National Convention, the custom Of
choosing delegates by State Convention
he followed. The only change made
from the long-preyailing custom was TO
provide for the election of the national
committeeman by the State Convention
instead of by the delegates TO the Ma
tional Convention, as in the past
The secretary of the State commit
tee was instructed to prepare a reso-
luton endorsing the policies of Presi-
dent Wilson and to forward a copy TO
the President.
The date for the State convention
to elect national delegates was set
for April is, the primaries to be held
the Saturday prior to that date
Tho suggestion that national dele
gates be elected at direct primaries
instead of State convention was sug-
gested by the national committee.
Evening journal., 1916-03-02
neck IS broken
WHEN MOROCCO
DRUM REVOLVES
John SakowSki Instantly
Killed In Plant OF Will
mington Leather Co.
Was The father OF
SIX YOUNG CHILDREN

john Sakowsi, aged 3s years. OF No.
1919 Chestnut street, was instantly
killed at the plant OF the Wilmington
Leather Company, Second street and
Grcenhii avenue. at G3O o'clock this
morning. He wac employed in the beam
house at the plant and bad just gone ON
duty. An official OF thc company said
the man put hi. head into the doorway
of revolving drum. when il suddenly
started breaking his neck and iractur-
ing his skull
The machine Was started by another
cmployc OF the leather company who
was unaware that SukoW-li had opened
the door Of the drum. Employees cNtri-
catcd the dead bcdv. The Phoenix ann
bulancc took the body To the morguc.
Sakcwski had worked at the plant
FOR ihc past year
officials Of the company said all the
company employees had been warned
never to put their heads or arms into
the drums. II is thought that Sa-
kowski had put his head into the
drum 10 500 if any skins remained
there
The body was later removed from
the moreue to the Sakowsh home by
Deputy Coroner Nichols Sakowski
was the father Of six children, who,
with the mother. survive.
Evening journal., 1916-03-02
Raise PASTORS SALARY
and invite HIM BACK

The amount for ministerial support
at Bridgeville, Del. has been in
creased from $1,000 10 $1,000 and the
pastor OF the church the Rev. Howard
Davis, has been requested TO serve
for his third year. This was decided
upon at the meeting of the board Of
stewards of the church on Tuesday
night In addition TO receiving the
increase, the pastor was presented by
the church with a purse in appreci-
alton of the work that he has accom-
plished in the pastorate.
Since Mr. Davis took up his work
at the church two years ago. the
membership has almost doubled. At
the last quarterly conference of the
church. the Hon. Philip L. Cannon, in
inviting the pastor to return, said:
Never in the history of this church,
and ! have known it for many years,
has the need for the return of the
pastor been so great as il is at the
present time"
Mr.. Davis is president of the Ep-
worth League of the Dover District.
and is one of the leading young min
isters of the conference.
Evening journal., 1916-03-02
WILSON NOT AFTER VOTE OF
CONFIDENCE; WANTS WARNING
RESOLUTIONS VOTED DOWN
Will Make No Further Move Toward Getting SHOW
Down" From Congress on His Foreign Policy, De-
pending on Country TO Swing Lawmakers to His
Way Of Thinking
HOUSE COMMITTEE EXPECTED TO
CONSIDER McLEMORE BILL TODAY

warning Americans to stay of armed
merchantmen.
The President told Flood he would
much prefer vote on the McLemore
resolution. Flood. however. said there
was a. strong pressure on the commit
tee to revamp that resolution before
reporting it out. The White House
was informed that a tentative vote in
Floods committee revealed that the
members can come to terms in favor
Of reporting out the McLemore reso-
luton The committee. however. post
poned a meeting scheduled for 1890 to
O'Clock.
No effort was made today by the ad-
ministration to conceal the anxiety
felt over the turn affairs have taken.
nor TO discount the possible political
effect. with many primaries approach
ing. Regret was expressed that Con-
gressmen should be forced into
hight at this time. but il was declared
that until Congress does act the hands
Of the President are tied. Democratic
opponents OF the Presidents plan
make gloomy predictions OF the conse-
quences and Republicans cheerfully
Continued on Page Thirteen.
Evening journal., 1916-03-02
MAY CALL DU PONT
Case FOR HEARING
IN philadelphia

While no official announcement has
been made. it is expected that hear
ings in the suit Of Philip h. DUPONT
VS.. the DUPONT Securities Company ane
others. growing out of the purchas'
by Pierre s. DUPONT and his associ
ates OF the powder company STOCK
holdings of General 7. c. DUPONT. viii
be held bv Judge J. Whitaker Thomp-
son In Philadelphia instead of this
city.
While the suit was entered in the
United States District Court Of Della
ware. Judge Thompson has issued va
rious orders IN the case from Phila-
delphia. be being a judge of the East
ern District Of Pennsylvania especial
ly designated to hear the dupont suit.
AS Judge Thompson usually sits in
Philadelphia, it is expected that hear
ings in the suit Will be held in that
city. instead OF in the Federal build-
ing in Wilmington.
Evening journal., 1916-03-02
WITHIN ONE YEAR OF
BEING A CENTENARIAN
and Still IS ACTIVE

Within one year OF being a cente-
marian. Jehu Roberts. an honorcd vet
Gran OF the Civil War. and the oldest
resident Of Wilmington, is spending
the day quietly at the home of his
daughter. Mrs Mary +. McClintock,
No. 5O2 Bayard avenue. with whom he
lives. Mr.. Roberts is 80 years old to-
day. Notwithstanding his advanced
age. Mr.. Roberts is still active, and
gets around better than many men a
score OF years younger He attended
a number of the meetings at the tab
ernacle during the recent Lyon evan
gelistic campaign.
Mr.. Roberts served in a Pennsylva-
MIA Regiment during the Civil War.
He is a Grand Army veteran and a
number OF his old comrades as well
as many other friends called on him
today to wish him happy returns of
the day. Mr.. Roberts also received a
number Of postcards of congratula-
tions.
Evening journal., 1916-03-02
JUDGE WOULDN'T LISTEN
TO TANGLED TESTIMONY

Frazer Robinson, proprietor of the
barber shop at No. 1O11 E. Eleventh
street at 3 O'Clock yesterday after
noon telephoned to the police station
that he wanted arrested several men
who were in his shop.
officer LeFashion hurried to the
shop and found veasey c. Burke,
Samuel McDonough and George w.
Eakin whom he arrested on a charge
of drunkenness.
In City Court today all three men
denied that they had been intoxi-
Gated. The officer. however, said
they were so drunk that they stag
gered.
Robinson said that he telephoned
TO the police station because he want
ed the men taken out of his shop.
He became somewhat tangled in his
testimony. He would not swear that
the men were intoxicated.
Judge Churchman became greatly
annoyed by Robinson's answers and
finally told him TO leave the witness
stand and then dismissed the men.
Evening journal., 1916-03-02
CANINE killed At
SEAFORD HAD rabies

Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL.
sEAFORD, March "A report from
the State Laboratory, at Newark, on
the dog killed Monday morning on
the farm of f. John Hearne, was that
the animal was affected by rabies.
The dog was owned by Robert Nor
ris. a farmer near here. After no
ticing the dog was acting strangely.
Mr.. Hearne had it killed. The head
was sent to the State Laboratory for
examination. It Is feared several
other animals were bitten by the rabid
dog. and every precaution is being
taken to prevent another outbreak.