davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-05-21
To Go before the Voters Of the
County on June 6, Next,
for Nomination.

Time for entering for the primary
election. June s. closed Saturday
night. and here is q list Of those who
have tossed their hats in the ring
for political preferment:
REPUBLICAN
National Ticket,
For President:
Theodore e. Burton.
William Grant Webster.
For United States Senator:
William z. Hite.
Benjamin L. Rosenbloom.
Howard Sutherland, u
Albert Blakeslee White.
For Congress-. Third district;
Stuart F. Reed.
H. Roy Waugh.
For Delegate-at-large to National
Convention:
J. W. Dawson,
Davis Elkins.
Jethro T. Gibbons.
Henry D. Hatfield.
Isaac 7. Mann.
Herschel G. Ogden.
For Alternate Delegate-at-large to
National Contention:
John Cummins.
Lucius Hoge. Jr.
M. T. Whittico.
Charles e. Mitchell.
For delegate to National Convention,
Third district:
]. G. Bradley.
H. B. Curtin.
For Alternate Delegate to National
Convention:
John A. Chittum.
G. D. Howard.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-05-21

TOLEDO, O., May 2o-wheat cash
and May 11S "; July 119: September
119A Glover seed prime cash. $50;
October Ss5. Alsike prime
cash and August $40. Timothy,
prime cash, $50; September s45.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-05-21

Joseph B. Healing of indiana Il
engineering the pre-convention cam
paign Of Charler w. Fairbanks. Re-
publican presidential possibility.
Apparently Healing e mot uorrvino
over the pEogpe sts,. :. :. -. e s..
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-05-21

City Of Clarksbhrg.
For Member County Committee:
Frank B. Haymaker, (1st Ward)
W. ]. Parkhill, (2nd Ward).
B. F. Robinson. (3rd Ward).
Ernest 8. Swiger, Oath Ward).
W. P. Con, { 9Th Ward).
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-05-21

city, representative Of the national
Suffrage Association, is in the city
and 70 announced to speak at a mass:
meeting at 3 p. m. Sunday
at the Baptist church. She will mako
other addresses here during the frst
of the week. The local suffrage
league 10 active ana Is systematically
and effectively promoting the caure
of Votes for Women"
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-05-21

The Equal Suffrage League will
give suffrage tea at the home OF
Mrs, G. @. Ogden on Main street, on
Thursday, May 25, from s to
s and to 10 p. m. Buttons
will be presented and silver Offering
taken.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-05-21

For Constable:
James Burgess.
Blaine Kearns.
Charles W. Mcvicker.
Robert NJ. Noon.
Frank Rush.
Eden D. Wycoff.
For Member County Committee:
James n. Hess.
c. ]. Ryan.
For Member Board OF Education:
Rufus R. Powell.
DR.. Ira L. Queen.
Eagle District Ticket.
For Justice of the Peace;
Marcus L. Riblett.
For Constable: sr.
Golden D. Heldreth.
j. F. Looman.
For Member County Committee:
Clarence r. Harbert.
Essel NJ. Robinson.
For Member oBard OF Education
(full term):
Daniel E. Copenhaver.
Lamar C. Oyster.
For Member Board of Education
(short term):
Francis NJ. Robinson.
Elk District Ticket.
For Member County Committee:
o. N. shuttleworth.
D. s. Young.
Grant District Ticket.
For Justice Of the Peace:
w. B. Wetzel.
For Member County Committee:
A. G. Leisenring.
Goodman Smith.
Sardis District Ticket.
For Justice Of the Peace:
J. w. Dawson.
!. N. Dean.
w. A. johnson
D. W. Kemper.
For Constable:
@. W. Fox.
G. H. Hawkins.
Ray r. Newton.
For Member County Committee:
Henry G. Bennett.
George T. Williamson.
For Member Board Of Education:
Alexander e. DAVIDSON.
Ira G. Gibson.
Simpson District Ticket.
For Member County Committee:
A. D. Fitzhugh.
Dana H. Gawthrop.
For Member Board Of Eucation:
W. X. Thompson.
Ten Mile District Ticket 81
For Justice OF the Peace:
John W. Carpenter.
For Constable:
Fred M. Dawson.
For Member County Committee:
w. F. Meredith.
Claude Pepper.
For Member Board Of Education:
julius c. Matthey.
Union District Ticket. ~
For Member County Committee:
A. "A. Ladwig. y rec
Writ w. Post. sDs fil
For Member Board Of Education:
b. o. Burnside.
Elk. Someryille.
City of carksbhrg.
For Member County Committee:
Frank B. Haymaker. (1st Ward)
W. ]. Parkhill, (2nd Ward).
B. +. Robinson, (3rd Ward).
Ernest 8. swiger, Oath Ward).
W. P. Con, 18th Ward).
.. DEMOCRATIC. ~
80 National Ticket. nett,
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-05-21

Suffrage Meeting. & \.
Miss Adslla Patton, Of New York
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-05-21

Grant District Ticket.
For Justice Of the Peace:
w. B. Wetzel.
For Member County Committee:
A. c. Leisenring.
Goodman Smith.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
1tl1llpEE[E5al2!a
Ak5as4T7EyiD1rI1S Aas4T7
-EILAG G&A-
BUSINESS ON SUNDAY CLOSING.

Heads of the big Industrial con-
Germs OF Chicago see very direct re-
lation between the enforcement OF
the Sunday-closing law and the phys
ical and mental condition OF their EN-
ployees on Mondays, and naturally
they are not inclined to agree with the
liquorites' caustic criticism OF the pur-
itanical, undemocratic law and its en-
forcemont. The men who manage the
great industries tell us that Sunday
drinking has meant lessened Ell.
cheney, decreased mental and moral
stamina, deprecated physical vigor
and the wasting OF money and conse-
queat worry over financial conditions.
"Our workmen now come to the
plants on Monday morning with clear
heads and rested bodies said fore
man OF Armour and Co, the big pack
ing house. 1T was the complaint of
all packers before the saloons were
closed that many of the men either
did not show up at all on Monday or
reported with hangovcrs that re-
duced their efficiency so per cent dur
ing the day, and affected II for sew
eral days thereafter. Now the men
are on hand Monday morning with
steady muscles, rested bodies and
minds, fit for their tasks"
Our workmen were all on hand last
Monday for the first time in years" "
said one of the foremen of the Illinois
Steel company, the week after the
| Sunday closing law was enforced.
When we asked them what caused
the change they said they had moth
| ing to do Sunday but rest for Mon
day. Besides, most of them had
enough of their wages left not to need
to ask for advances before the next
week ended"
"The closing OF the saloons is boon
| TO industry" said one of the depart
ment managers OF the international
Harvester works. When the EN-.
ployees have had time to note it's ef
feet, they will give 1t their heartiest
support"
The direct effect on the building
trades is that about 25 per cent more
workmen we're on hand last Monday
than at any time during the period
l have been handling large numbers Of
workmen," said a member of the Con
tractors Association OF Painters ant
Decorators.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
At Least He Was Honest.

He was an honest little coon, but
due to a lack of sanitary precaution
his honesty was without benefit to
the good woman who succored him.
He was dirty. ingratiating and hun.
cry when he appeared at her door.
He asked for something to eat.
81 will give you something" sne
said, but you must do a little work
TO earn IT,"
The little darky said he was will
ing to work. So she prepared huge
sandwich and told him to go out and
pick worms off the tobacco. A bit TO
her surprise he did not eat the sand.
wich at once, but slipped 1t inside his
dirty little shirt, and started for the to.
bacco field. Half an hour later he re-
turned 1t was torrid day and his
face was shiny with perspiration Grim
ly he reached inside his shirt and drew
forth his sandwich untouched by his
white teeth, but much the worse for
dirt. perspiratioD and pressure.
"Missus," he said. "the wuhk is too
hahd foh me. Take back yoh sand
wich."-Louisville Times.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
Pats Sound LoaIc.

Pat was fishing in river belong
ing to a rich man, over which there
was notice. "Trespassers prosecut-
ed" Paddy ignored this statement,
and after fishing for some time caught
a salmon. which he brought home and
cooked. A policeman passing by the
door smelled the salmon and knocked
We'll. Pat O'Hara, in whose river
did you catch that salmon
We'll, I'll tell the honest truth. |
caught 1t in that river near the gentle
mans house over there"
We'll" said the sergeant, don't you
know everything in that river belongs
to that gentleman"
"Arrah. to be sure" said Pat. III
went for swim in that river would
| belong to that gentleman"
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
PROSPEROUS WITHOUT LIQUOR.

Butler, Mo-, is another town which
is demonstrating that prosperity fol-
lows prohibition. II is today, says the
Kansas City Star, "a better. richer
and more prosperous town than ever.
The merchants carry better stocks, the
business houses are neater, cleaner
and better; the people live in better
and more attractive homes and enjoy
life in more rational and healthful
ways. There are fewer idle people
and merchants have fewer bad debts.
when the saloons we're voted out
Butler had bonded debt OF something
like $4,000 on its electric light plant,
and Notwithstanding the revenue
from its four saloons, IL was a hard
matter to meet interest payments, and
the liquidation of the principal seemed
long way off. Since the closing Of
the saloons the debt has been paid
and many needed public improvements
have been made, and all without in.
creasing the tax rate one penny. In
fact the tax rate is now lower than
ever before"
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
Suppose They Drown in Meantime

In southern California where there
is rarely rain, the houses are built ac.
cordingly. Roofs that leak are com.
mon, even IN the best houses, to the
amazement of easterners. One east
erner who is spending the winter
there, complained to the landlord tina.
the bungalow roof leaked.
"Oh, yes" replied the landlord. THE
sun dries out the shingles, After It
rains a few times the shingles will
swell and then you will not be
bothered any more"
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
GAS, DYSPEPSIA
AND INDIGESTION
"Pape's Diapepsin' settles sour,
gassy stomachs in five
minutes-Time it!

You don't want a slow remedy when
your stomach is bad-or an uncertain
one-or a harmful one-your stomach
is too valuable you mustn't injure II.
Pape's Diapepsin is noted for its
speed in giving relief; its harmless
ness; its certain unfailing action in
regulating sick, sour, gassy stomachs.
Its millions OF cures in indigestion,
dyspepsia, gastritis and other stomach
trouble has made it famous the world
over.
Keep this perfect stomach doctor In
your home-keep 1t handy-get large
fifty-cent case from any dealer and
then IL anyone should eat something
which doesn't agree with them; II
what they eat lays like lead, ferments
and sours and forms gas; causes head
ache, dizziness and nausea; eructa-
tions of acid and undigested food
remember as soon as Papes Diapepsin
comes in contact with the stomach all
such distress vanishes. Its prompt
ness, certainty and ease in overcoming
the worst stomach disorders Is reve-
lation to those who try it.-Adv.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
Get the Habit of
Drinking Hot Water
Before Breakfast
Says we can't look or feel right
with the system full
Of poisons.

Millions OF folks bathe internally
now instead Of loading their system
with drugs. What's an inside bath ?"
you say. Well, it is guaranteed to per.
form miracles II you could believe
these hot water enthusiasts.
There are vast numbers of men and
women who, Immediately upon arising
in the morning, drink a glass of real
hot water WITH a teaspoonful of lime
stone phosph 4te in It. This is q very
excellent health measure. II is in
tended to flush the stomach, liver, kid
neys and the thirty feet of intestines
OF the previous days waste, sour bile
and indigestible material left over in
the body which. IL not eliminated every
day, become food for the millions of
bacteria which infest the bowels, the
quick result is poisons and toxins
which are then absorbed into the
blood causing headache, bilious at.
tacks, foul breath. bad taste, colds,
stomach trouble, kidney misery, sleep.
lessness, impure blood and all sorts
of ailments
People who feel good one day and
badly the next, but who simply can
not get feeling right are urged to OBJ
tain a quarter pound of limestone
phosphate from any druggist or store
keeper. This will cost very little but
is sufficient to make anyone a real
crank on the subject OF internal sani.
tation.
Just as soap and hot water act on
the skin, cleansing, sweetening and
freshening, SO limestone phosphate
Sand hot water act on the stomach.
liver, kidneys and bowels. 1t is vast.
ly more important to bathe on the in.
side than on the outside, because the
skin pores do not absorb impurities in.
to the blood, while the bowel pores do.
ADV.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
Misleadlnu.

Rev. George Il. Lunn, the new So
cialist mayor of Schenectady, was con-
graduated on his election.
"The people have confidence In the
honesty Of my partys policy" he said.
Our opponents tried to put our prin-
ciples in false light. but the people
couldn't be fooled. They knew that the
opposition's animadversions on our
principles were as misleading as the
bachelors description of his sisters
new baby.
Asked to describe this new arrival.
the bachelor replied:
"'Um! Very small features. clean
shaven, red-faced and very hard
drinker'"
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
MOTHER! LOOK At
CH|LD'S TONGUE
II cross, feverish, constipated,
give California Syrup
OF Figs"

A laxative today saves a sick child
tomorrow. Children simply will not
take the time from play to empty their
bowels, which become clogged UP with
waste, liver gets sluggish; stomach
sour.
Look at the tongue, motherl II coat
ed, or your child is listless, cross. few.
erish, breath bad, restless, doesn't eat
heartily. full OF cold or has sore throat
or any other children's ailment, give a
teaspoonful of California Syrup OF
Figs" then don't worry, because It is
perfectly harmless. and in few hours
all this constipation poison, sour bile
and fermenting waste will gently
move out OF the bowels, and you have
a well, playful child again. A thor
ough inside cleansing" is ofttimes all
that is necessary. 1t should be the
first treatment given in any sickness.
Beware OF counterfeit fig syrups.
Ask at the store for 50-cent bottle OF
california Syrup of Figs" which has
full directions for babies, children OF
all ages and for grown-ups plainly
printed on the bottle. Adv.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
MONEY GOES FOR GROCERIES.

An interesting bit of testimony
comes from the section OF Minnesota
which recently became dry through
what might be called an automatic
application Of prohibition to a region
where no election was held to settle
the question, namely, the enforcement
OF an old Indian treaty Because of
this action there is not now an open
saloon in Itasca county, and as a
result a marvellous reformation has
taken place. One year ago seventy
nine tons OF beer were shipped in.
This year there was no beer. but the
books show that seventy-nine tons
more Of groceries were consumed at
this point than during the correspond
ing month of last year. The Mime.
apolis Journal says that the records
OF the mining companies. which en-
ploy the large population OF foreign
ers, show fewer layoffs among the
men than ever before ard the stores
report larger and more profitable busi-
ness from these employees.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
Words channe Msanlnn.

Our great-granddads often referred
TO their overcoats as "bangups" This
word has different meaning now, Just
as slump" was used at Harvard 10
years ago to denote a funk by a stu.
dent. Now 1t is commonly employed
to denote a big recession in the price
of stocks.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
BIG EATERS HAVE BAD
KIDNEYS AND BACKACHE
Take Glass Of Salts at Once II Your
Back Is Hurting or Kidneys and
Bladder Trouble You.

The American men and women must
guard constantly against Kidney trou-
BILE, because we eat too much and all
our food is rich. Our blood is filled
with uric acid which the kidneys
strive to filter out, they weaken from
overwork. become sluggish; the elimi-
native tissues clog and the result is
kidney trouble. bladder weakness and
a general decline in health.
When your kidneys feel like Jumps
OF lead; your back hurts or the urine
is cloudy, full OF sediment or you are
obliged to seek relief two or three
times during the night; IL you suffer
with sick headache or dizzy, nervous
spells. acid stomach, or you have rheu.
matism when the weather is bad, get
from your pharmacist about four
ounces of Jad Salts; take table
spoonful in "a glass of water before
breakfast for few days and your kid.
neys will then act fine. This famous
salts is made from the acid of grapes
and lemon juice. combined with lithia
and has been used for generations to
flush and stimulate clogged kidneys;
TO neutralize the acids in the urine SO
II no longer is a source of irritation
thus ending bladder disorders.
Jad Salts is inexpensive; cannot in
jure, makes delightful effervescent
lithia-water beverage, and belongs In
every home, because nobody can make
7 l. -. LII l,.a
/ flushing any time.-Adv.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
Land for irrigation.

Use care in getting the land level
for irrigation.
Have field leterals too close together
rather than too far apart.
The practice of 'irrigating up"
seeding Of crop should be avoided.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
A WISE cZAR.

A German general, taken prisoner,
related at Petrograd the following re-
marks of the kaiser: Il was certain
OF crushing the Russians when they
were freely given to drink, but now
that they are sober the task is much
more difficult!" And he added in a
melancholy tone, who on earth could
have foreseen the antialcohol coup
d'etat perpetrated by Nicholas III"
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
Careless.

What brought YOU here. my poor
MANI" asked the prison visitor.
'Just plain Observation-Disclosures, re-
piled the prisoner.
why, how could that be-"
81 forgot to scratch the monogram
off a watch before pawned H."
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
What She Needed.

Hazel-Do you really believe that
man is made of dust?
Aimee don't know; but the one
you marry should be made Of gold
dust.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
Winter Cover Crops
soil from washing

Prevent soil from washing
Prevent soil from blowing away.
Prevent soluble plant food from BIZ
ing lost by teaching.
Furnish winter and early spring
grazing
Enrich the soil by adding vegetablv
matter and humus.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
TImid Rastus.

What? Yo' calls Rastus Johnsing
a brave man whats afraid Of nuthin'
nor nobody?"
Oats de kind OF pusson always
took Rastus to be-"
''Lemme tell yo' something. Rastus
was at de ball las night, an when
de trouble started he didn't have
nuthin' but a safety razor"
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
Whenever You Need a General Tonic
Take Groves

The Old Standard Groves Tasteless
chill Tonic is equally valuable as a Cen
eral Tonic because it contains the we'll
known tonic properties OF QUININE and
IRON. 1t acts on the Liver. Drives out
Malaria. Enriches the Blood and Builds
up the Whole System. 50 eonts.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
What Made II Lean.

she-what made the tower of Pisa
lean?
He-lt was built in an age of fam
ine.-Lampoon.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
PIentv of Material

do you think that society belle will
make much noise when she goes on
the stage?"
"she ought to; she'll have a lot Of
clappers."
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
Knew tho seat Of Trouble.

Patient-"oh, doctor. ! have a ter.
ribly tired feeling all :he time." PLY.
sician-"Let me see Jour tongue. ma.
dam.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17

Smile, smile, beautiful clear white
clothes. Red Cross Ball Blue, American
made, therefore best. All grocers. Adv.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17

1t is the man who has lived on a
farm who is perfectly satisfied to re-
main in town.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17

Happy is the wife who believes that
her husband is the best man on
earth.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17

Japan is proud of her emperor be
cause he is jealous soldier and a
yus son Of the peop,s.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17

Trying to stand on your dignity may
result in a hard fall.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
Whv He Quit.

What did he have to say for him
self"
Nothing. His wife was with him"
Judge.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
Something New.

Something New.
Il hear Brown has bought a house.
Is II a new one?"
mo. but it has a brand new mort
gage on It."
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
THIS is THE AGE OF YOUTH

You will look ten years younger IL you
darken your ugly. grizzly, gray hairs by
using ia Creole" Hair Dressing. ADV.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-02-17
OId-F Fashloned.

She's an old-fashioned girl. isn't
she?"
Dear me, yes! She had on frock
at least six months old-Life.
The Cordova daily times., 1916-09-06
MINING ACTIVE: AT INTERIOR
 CAMPS

MCCARTHY, Sept 1. - The report has reached town that Chris Tiosevig. in charge of the development work on the Kennecott-Tjo Tjosevig property, near the Bonanza, has made a new strike of high grade copper glance on the property of that company The face of the tunnel is solid ore. Those in terested in the property state that about six hundred feet of rock work will be commenced at once in the construction of the motor road which will bring the ore to Mccarthy for shipment
 The Kennecott-Barret Copper Com pany has been organized by George Francis Rowe for the purpose of work ing properties taken over by the com pany from John F. Barrett. Late de- velopments in quartz mines have as sured the permanency of this camp.
 Judge Barnes, Mir, and Mrs Wooden and Mrs Burrows left Monday for Fourth of July pass to look over some copper prospects which Mir. Wooden holds in that vicinity. Billie has some fine samples from these claims and the changes are favorable for this property to develop into a good pro iucer.
 Fred Peck, the Chisana placer man, arrived in town yesterday Fred re- ports a short season in the Interior camp. caused by a shortage of water. James, Nelson X Co, have installed their hydraulic plant and have taken out some money Cari Whitman is doing we'll on No. ? Little Eldorado.
 The Mother Lode Mining Company are working on a full face of high grade ore, and they will do some heavy shipping next winter.
 R. w Wiley, of Portland, New York and Chisana, arrived from the interior today. Bob will leave tomor- row for the Nizina country. where he will investigate copper and placer pro perties.
 Charles Olson, Gust Charlstrom. John Luckey and John Johnson came in from Rex creek where they have been operating on lay from the Rex Alaska property, they closed down early on account of water shortage