davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The American Jewish world., 1916-01-14
THE FORUM JUDICUM.

This code consists of seven sec
tions, and hence is known as the
Siete Partidas. One section of it
deals entirely with the Jews. The
reason for Christendom's peculiar at
titude toward the Jews is thus stat
ed: "Altho the Jews deny Christ,
they are suffered in all Christian
countries, so that they may remind
everybody that they belong to that
race which crucified Jesus. Since
they are merely tolerated, they must
keep themselves quiet and unobtru-
sive, must not openly preach the doc
trines of Judaism, nor attempt to
make any converts to their religion" +"
The added explanation is given that
in ancient times the Jews were held
in respect, and called the people of
God, but by their wickedness against
Jesus, they had forfeited this distinc-
ton, and no Jew was ever to obtain
any dignity, or fill any public office
in Spain. Hence the following re-
strictive measures are Incorporated
in the code: "The Jews are not to
erect any new synagog without spe-
cial permission. This intolerant re-
striction is. contained also in a bull
issued by Pope Innocent w. No
converts are to be made by Jews.
The violation of this law is to be
punished with death and the confs-
cation of property. Jews are not to
associate with Christians, are not to
live under the same roof with them,
eat and drink with them or use the
same public bath. Christians are not
to intermarry with Jews. Christians
are not to use wine prepared by
Jews, nor medicines, nor are Jews to
CONTINUED on page o60
The American Jewish world., 1916-01-14
Jews sentiments toward him for his
many favors.
ALFONSO THE WISE.


How the influence of the hostile
church was gradually undermining
the security and tranquility of the
Jews of the peninsula may be seen
best from the attitude and conduct
toward the Jews of CASTLE of Alton
SO X (1252-1284), called "The Wise,"
who succeeded Ferdinand ", known
as "The Saint" His title of Wise
was conferred upon him on account
of his love of learning and literature,
the encouragement he gave scholars
and writer's and his own consider
able dabbling in the sciences Of the
day. Personally he was attracted to
the Jews, or at least to many of
them, because in them he found men
after his own heart, lovers and culti-
vators of acknowledgement of scien-
tihc attainments and literary abil
ity. He knew how useful they were
as subjects of his kingdom, owing
to their financial and commercial ac-
tivities. He was, therefore, willing
to accord them many favors.
When, as heir-apparent, he car
ried the war against Seville, he had
many Jewish soldiers in his army,
so we'll pleased was he with the con-
duct of the Jews that upon the cap
ture of the city he allotted lands to
the Jews for colony in that district
and transferred to them three
Mosques in the city to be used as
synagogs. A large portion of the
town was occupied by them and
known as the Jewish Quarter. This
benevolent attitude he continued as
king. He permitted the congrega-
tion of Toledo to erect magnificent
synagog, the largest and most beau
tiful in Spain. He gave all the Jews
Of his kingdom permission to visit
the yearly market in Seville. He as
signed houses, vineyards and lands
to those who settled in St. Maria del
Puerto. ..
He entrusted many important po
sitions to Jews. Don Meir de Malea,
a Talmudic scholar, was employed
as his alrnaxarif, or treasurer, and
his son, Don Tag, succeeded him in
the same position. For long time
it was quite the custom in CASTLE
and other Kingdoms to employ Jews
in such offices, because of their skill
and trustworthiness. A Jew, Don
Judah ben Moses Cohen, was his
court physician, astronomer and as
...~. ... s.. ..-. .....
The American Jewish world., 1916-01-14
By DR.. S. N. Deinard
THE JEW-BADGE.

1t was ordained that thenceforth
the Jews in all Christian lands were
to be distinguished by a peculiar
garb, or some peculiar mark on their
dress or headgear, which came to be
known as the Jew-badge. 1t was at
this church council that the measure
was also adopted and promulgated
that Christian princes should not
DestoW any office upon a Jew. That
was especially directed against the
Jews of Spain, who had often been
entrusted with offices of response
bility and honor by the Christian
monarchs. We can we'll imagine
how the news of these iniquitous
measures against them affected the
proud and self-conscious Jews of the
lberlan peninsula, particularly that
OF the Jew-badge. They did not rea-
dily comply. There were influential
.leWs at the courts of Toledo and Sa-
ragossa. They did all in their power
to have it repealed. And when some
of the kings showed lenience and a
disinclination to enforce the law,
they were promptly reproved by the
pope or their bishops, and reminded
of their duty. Pope Honorius III
(l2lo-l227), in an autograph letter
exhorted king Jayne l of Aragon
not to entrust Jews with ambassa-
dorships to Muhammedan courts.
He addressed letters to all the bsh-
ops and other church dignitaries
of the peninsula urging them to in
f1uence the kings of CASTLE, Leon
and Navarro for the same purpose.
While both Ferdinand III of Cas-
tile and Jayne | of Aragon were
loyal to the church, and favored the
conversion of the Jews, Jayne even
compelling them to listen to con-
versionist sermons, they yet en-
ployed them in their many wars, and
appointed them as secretaries, in
terpreters, tax-farmers and tax-coj-
lectors. Ferdinand confirmed the
Jews of the cities conquered by him
in all the rights they had previously
possessed, and even distributed some
of the conquered lands among them.
In spite the objections of the clergy
he allowed the Jews of Cordova to
erect a magnificent synagogue.
Jayne gave the same permission to
the Jews Of Valencia, On Ferdinand's
tombstone a Hebrew epitaph is
found alongside of those in Latin,
Castilian, and Arabic, expressing the
Evening star., 1916-10-13
Roads the Nations Arteries.

1T is perfectly obvious that you have
got to have an intricate and perfect net
work of roads throughout the length
and breadth of this great continent be-
fore you will have released the energies
of America. Good roads are necessary
for every practical aspect OF our lives,
to draw neighborhoods together, to Gre
ate community of feeling, to create
those arteries which may he compared
to the arteries of the human body. The
blood OF the nation will not flow in
harmonious concord unless it can flow
in intimate sympathy.
And so the argument. the material
argument, the argument about markets
and crops and the products of the mines
. sink into relative unimportance when
YOU consider the spiritual thing that
YOU are doing in making roads. You
know there is an old saying that the
lines between sections are obliterated
only by the feet that cross them There
II u very genial saying of great Eng
Hsh writer that he never could hate "A
man he knew. And sectionalisIn is ba sed
upon the radical danger of every ma
tion, namely. ignorance. The only thing
that breeds darkness in the world is ig-
noraHcs- The only thing that really
blinds is not knowing what we are
talking about The only thing that
binds a nation together is the knowl-
edge OF it's several parts of each other
Evening star., 1916-10-13
Cooperation the Watchword.

.me.ica came into existence, NV
follow citizens not in order to show
the world the most notable examnIe II
Id ever had OF the accumulation and
use Of material wealth, but in order
- th"-- the way TO mankind in every
! 1rt Of the world to justice and free
10 ItDerty. SO that the words |
mt yoI TO carry in your mind in
connection with this good roads cause
- thvse- First. naturalization get
fipc al the hDers OF this great vital
Dcopie united in single organism:
Sf cond, mobilization. getting them so
i'lsted 10 each other, so co-ordinated
80 organized. 80 united that when they
move thcy move as II single great ir-
I~sistibIe conquering force. And the
third word that ! want you to consider
j. the word that ! suppose affords the
key TO doing these things. That word
Is the WORD cooperation. | wish that
each one of tis could fix in his mind
the difference between the way we have
ben trying TO do things and the way
w ought to do things We have been
irving TO do things by combination, by
set;in- on one powerful group against
sUotheF, by setting up groups in par
ticular Industries or spheres of our
life which try to exclude all other
groups by the power or by The method
OF their destroying competition. That
!. not the way TO build nation to-
gether- That is the way 10 build II up
into warning elements.
ihSttau ci e@'luSi"e 'oHiDAhdtlonSr l
want to see universal cooperation
There are good signs in the air. Have
you not noticed how almost every great
industry, every great profession. every
year holds congress of some sort
Why. even the advertising men, who
we thought were the sharpest competi-
6 tors in America, have a national asso-
oiation in which they cooperate For
what purpose For the purpose of get
ting ahead of each other? No. For the
s. purpose of guiding one another and
setting up standards, and the chief
standard they have adopted is the word
truth So in profession after pro-
fession men are getting together by
way of cooperation instead of by way
of mutual destruction. i hold this to
be happy omen. L see the growth in
America of this conception of solidar-
ity of the interest of each being the
interest of all. and the interest of each
growing out of the interest of all"
Evening star., 1916-10-13
Naturalization His Theme.


The President devoted most of his
first address to a discussion of the
J Standardization of America. He de-
cIared for the naturalization, mobili-
:. s.4tion and cooperation of the country's
resources. He said that after the Euro
pean war it will be necessary for the
.iited States to join all its forces to-
gether. He repeated his former decla-
rations in favor of a league of nations
TO maintain peace.
Bordering on the political, the Presi-
dent declared that talking through the
bat ought to be dead industry" and
that every man who speaks in public
should have the motto, Put up or shut
up. He added that he was willing to
take my own medicine" and that IF
| don't put up ! am ready to shut up.
In his brief luncheon speech the Presi-
dent said smiling. that the republicans
were just as good Americans as he
was, and that he would not read them
out of school, unless they were bad
Americans
For after ALL" he added. we have
common object. The quarrel for the
next three or four weeks is how to
realize what we all wish to accom-
plsh.'
Gov. Ralston and Senator Thomas
Tageart remained with the President
all during his stay in Indianapolis Sen
ator Kern was slightly sick at his home
here, and the President changed his
program to call on him. Both the sem
ators are candidates for reelection
At both meetings the Presidents
addresses were interrupted frequently
by applause. and hand-clapping marked
his progress through the streets
He also spoke briefly at a luncheon
given him by Gov. and Mrs. Samuel NJ.
Raiston of Indiana
The second set speech was devoted to
a discussion of the work of the demo-
cratic administration for the farmers
of the nation.
President Wilson in his good roads
speech said in part:
Il am here because of my interest in
the cause of good roads and because of
my interest in the state of Indiana. /
was very much interested that this day
devoted to the cause of good roads
should fall in your centennial year. 1t
made me think of many of the pro-
cesses of our national history. This
country was built UP without any roads.
But after all the highway is not in
tended first of all and chief of all for
the pleasure vehicle. 1t is not intended
for the mere traveller. 1t is not intend
ed for the mere tourist. 1t is not made
in order that some company of leisure
ly people may travel from coast to
coast of this great continent. 1t is
made because need it in all the
material uses of our life.
Evening star., 1916-10-13
CONDEMNS REVIVAL
OF SECTIONAL TALK
President Denounces Old Time
Issue in His Speeches at
Indianapolis.

INDIANAPOLIS. Ind. October 10
President Wilson yesterday replied to the
republican charge that the democratic
party is a sectional party with the state
Inent that ANY man who reVives the is
sue of sectionalism in This country is
The President came to Indianapolis TO
address meetings of good roads advocates
and farmers. review an automobile parade
celebrating good roads day of the Indiana
centennial and attend non-partisan
lunch of leading Indiariaus, He was seen
by crowds which packed the streets for
blocks The President left here at :45
O'Clock yesterday afternoon for Long
Branch. n j. where he VIII arrive this
afternoon.
In his first set speech he spoke OF the
good done by highways in preventing
sectionalism.
My fellow citizens he continued. Il
need not tell you that | did not come here
to talk politics, but there is one thing that
cannot deny myself the privilege of say
ing. Any man who reviveS the issue of
sectionalism in this country is unworthy
of the confidence of the nation. He shows
himself a provincial he shows that he
himself does not know the various sections
of his own country he shows that he
has shut his own heart up in little
province and that those who do not seek
the special interests of that province are
TO him sectional while he alone is ma
tional That is the depth of anti-patrotic
feeling.
Echo de l'ouest. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1883-1929, 1916-05-05

le d6tachement gagna ensuite Pan
Glen seminaire de Saint-Sulpice,
Oh DIES locaux avaIent etc amena-
ges a son intention.
Sous la conduite du major Neu-
ray, d~jrecteur de l'6cole de Gallon
ct du commandant Delbressine. il
y a%rriva, toujours clairons en- tete
ct au milieu de WHAT'S de la popu-
lation qui, pour la premiere fois
depuis lie commencement de ia
guerre, assistant au spectacle dune
troupe beige defiant dams les rues
de Paris. On admirait fort la tenue
parfaite de ces vaillants soldats.
M. Emile Brunei, deput6 de
Charleroi, batonnier du Barreau
dc Bruxelles, pr6sida a la 16cep-
tion de ces braves.
LIE soir, un concert fut dome en-
leur honneur dams la sale DIES fe-
ties de pancien s6minaire.
Les a%djutants beJges sont par
tbs quelques jours apres pour lie 8
6coles q feu du camp de Satory.
LIS regagneront Gallon avant de-
tire, en- leur nouvelle qualities rem
voy6s sur le champ de bataille.
Echo de l'ouest. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1883-1929, 1916-05-05
Farce Irlandaise

En6n la tragiquc com6die est
jou6e! L'Irlande q Emancipation
politique de laquelle tout occur
francais depuis 1913 s'est int6ress6
volt en- un jour ses plus cheres es-
p6rances de home rule complete
ment amenities! Comment expli-
quer pareille calamit6 rationale?
Pour bien Sc rendre compile DIES
causes qui ont amen6 l'ignoble f.
asco de Dublin, il faut savoir que
pressure tou]ours en- Irlande, il y a
Gu deux courants d'opinion politi-
que CONSIGNMENT en- conhit, deux
factions don't l'id6e mere a etc de
SO paralyser mutuellement dams
Echo de l'ouest. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1883-1929, 1916-05-05

Aux Bains. "J'6tais malade ct
ct af1ig6e avec lie lumbago pendant
deux tongues annees," ecrit NJ. G
Pierotte, de Superior, Wyo. J'es-
sayai de tout, meme je pascal cling
semaines aux bains d'eaux therma.
les, mails sans success. Je me deci-
dai aIors a essayer lie Novoro. II
me guerit ct je revins a mon ira
vail. Depuis lors, lie Novoro a etc
notre medicine de famille ct nous
n'avons jamais plus Gu besoin du
medecin. Quoique je ne sois pas
un de vos agents, je recommande
lie Novoro a ceux qui. ont besoin de
medicine ct j'ai toujours etc re-
compens6 par des remerciements
pour lie bien qu'ils ont obtenu de
son emploi."
Lorsque tout a 6chou6 employee
lie Novoro du DR. Pierre, mails
pourqnoi attendre jusqu'a CO mo-
ment Ia? On ne gagne rien d atten-
DIRE, mails on peut perdre beaucoup.
Echo de l'ouest. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1883-1929, 1916-05-05
Bon Sang
ne Ment Pas

Nos lecteurs qui suivent avec in
t6ret )es d6bats qui Sc poursuivent
en- ce moment a Washington, a
propos de la guerre injustifable
que lAllemagne fait avec ses sous
marins, mont pas manqu6 de re-
marqner latitude fere qua prise
a ce sujet lie s6nateur Husting du
Wisconsin. A Fun de ses riches
constituents d'origine allemande
l'impiorant d'appuyer a Washing
ton les pr6tentions de la Prusse, il
a commencement repondu; I'll est
plus facile au NAL de c6der au
bien, qu'au bien de c6der au maj.
A I'm autre groupe de voteurs do
rigine teutonne. lie priant au moyen
dun d6luge de t6l6grammes, d'u-
ser de son influence pour empe-
cher la guerre entire les Etats- Unis
ct lAllemague, il ma pas craint de
dire ''mieux vault pour vous en-
voyer vos milliers de t6l6grammes
a l'ambassadeur allemand, Berns-
tori, ou'au s6nat DIES Etats- Unis.
On nous informe, sans surprise
pour nous, que lie s6nateur Hus-
ting est par sa mere lie petit-ils du
brave Canadien Solomon
Juneau, fondateur de Milwaukee.
Evidemment lie senateur Husting
ne semble pas aujourd'hui plus
craindre les Allemands que son
aieul ne craignait les Indlens Sacs
GU Remarks.
Echo de l'ouest. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1883-1929, 1916-05-05

tons feminines en- Europe, aupres des
Drs DeVos ct Capel1e. II prendra la
jeune malade sous ses soins, 1ui pres
crira &c mervei1leux remede TONGUE ct
stimulant qu'on appelle les Pilules Rou-
ges, connues depuis des annees ct pre-
parees spEcialement pour les femmes,
sans a1coo1 ct sans opium. Sous l'inAu-
ence de ce remede souverain, la jeune
file reprendra des cou1eurs, de la viva
cite ct de la force, ct passera triompha.
lement la periodic de formation quivous
epouvantait, mails qui devient pour ellie
une epreuve sa1utaire ct pleine d'avenir,
CONSULTATIONS GRATUITES.
CONNIE par lie passe, les c~onsu1ta.
tons du DR. Simard sont tout a fat
gratuites ct Sc donnent tous les
|jours, excepte lie dimanche, de 6
heures du matin a 8 heures du soir,
'au No 274 rue Saint Denis.
AVIS IMPORTANT.-Les Pilules
Rouges pour Femmes Pales ct Fai-
bles sont en- vente chez tous les mar
chands de remedies au prix de soc
la bo1te, on six bottles pour $3.50
Giles ne sont jamais vendues autre-
ment QUEEN bottles %contenant so pi-
Jules, jamais au 100; Giles portent a
I'm bout de chaque bottle la signatu-
Echo de l'ouest. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1883-1929, 1916-05-05
'leurs efforts, pour arriver a r6man-
cipation politique de leur pays.

'leurs efforts, pour arriver q l6man-
cipation politique de leur pays.
Avec DIES chefs courageux ct
clairvoyants, CONNIE lie furent
|O'Connel, Grattan ct Parnell, ct
le sont aujourd'hui John Redmond
ct ses colleagues au parchment an
glais, il semblait que lie home rule
dnt pouvoir sans plus d'efforts Sc
tablir permanemment en- lrlande;
mails on faisait erreur. Les extr6-
mistes, les irr6conciIiables Irlandais
de par lie monde, anim6s dune hal
ne sourde, implacable ct stupide
contre tout ce qui est anglais, de-
vaient a Theure la plus critique
faire sombrer l'arche DIES Liberties
irlandaises! Vraiment ne sont-ils
pas plus dignes de piti6 que de
resentment ces aveugles. Hiber-
MEMS ct Sim Fi.nners qui, pour
obtenir r6mancipation de lIrlan-
de, mont pas h6sit6 de rechercher
rAlliance de la Prusse, de cette
Prusse luth6rienne qui, az mepris
de toutes les lois divines ct humai-
mes. venait de piller ct brdler sans
merci la Belgique ct la Scribe, de
s%'asseoir brutalement sur leurs Ii
berries! On peut %pardonner a III
ignorance pareille alteration; mails
on comprend NAL comment nom
bre d'hommes distingu6s de souche
irlandaise occupant quelques-unes
DIES hautes charges dams l'Etat de
New-York, aient pu r6cemment
faire cause commune avec
les repr6sentants dune nation
don't les mains sont encore
teintes du sang DIES pretres ct reli-
excuses de l'h6roique petite Belgi-
que. Gu est la logique d'hommes
qui, pour Sc faire 6manciper, re-
cherchent la cooperation dune ma
ton venant d'6craser trois petits
peuples? Est-il possible que la
haine contre une nation puisse
6teindre la raison ct faire taire
dams le cour human tout senti-
ment de justice ct d'humanit6?
Ah, 81 les appearances d'6mancipa-
ton pour lIrlande ont soudaine
ment sombr6, c'est que lie Dieu
d'6ternelle justice a voulu demon
trer une fois de plus q l'univers
que tout groupe d'hommes cher
chant a fonder une enterprise poll
tique durable sur les cendres den
nemis purement inaginalres Sc
condamne fatalement a l'insucces.
Echo de l'ouest. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1883-1929, 1916-05-05
Heros Belges a Paris


Paris, % avril. = Deux cent
vingt cling adjutants belges, nou-
vehement promus, ct don't plu-
sieurs portaient, sur leur unifor-
me notre m6daille militaire GU no.
ire croix de guerre: a cote de deco
rations de leur noble pays sont ar
riv6s q la care Saint-Lazare We
nant de l'Ecole militaire beige de
Gallon.
Tres acclam6s sur leur passage,
Ills Sc sont rendus en- corps, arme
sur l6paule ct clairons en- tote, au
foyer du soldat beige fonl6 ct diri-
g6, l04 quai de Valmy, par lie lieu
tenant Feerens. Apres avoir dine,
Echo de l'ouest. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1883-1929, 1916-05-05

entendait en- instruments, me di.
salt a%utrefois que de tous les Or
CUES de la vile, il pr6f6rait celui
de l'6glise St-Louis par la richesse
du son ct lie volume qu'on en- pou-
Wait tirer par un orgue de cette
proportion.
J'ai remarqu6 que Mile Moos.
brugger salt en- faire ressortir tou.
ties les qualities. Dams la nouvelle ct
jolie 6giise canadienne sur la rue
Cedar, d6sign6e par l'architecte
Masqueray, l'orgue a trouv6 la pla-
ce qui lui convenait.
Madame Marie Loiselle, lemi-
nente 6ducatrice du Petit Canada,
demeure maintenant a St-Paul,
bien qu'elle occupe toujours sa po-
sition de Principal de l'6cole pu-
bile du Petit Canada. Mile Hermi-
ne Loiselle, une de ses files, en-
seigne aussi dams cette institution.
Une autre de ses files enseigne
dams une 6cole publique de St
Paul. Nine Loiselle entretlent III
dee de gutter l'enseignement
avant longtemps,
L'6glise St-Louis possede un
bon chour de chant ct la directri-
&c en- est Mile Hermine LoiselIe,
laquelle semble comprendre son
affaire ct conduire lie chnur vers
le success.
M. Lucien Courteau chante
dams l'6glise canadienne de St.
Paul depuis 40 ann6es. Un assez
long record, il faut l'adm ettre.
Echo de l'ouest. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1883-1929, 1916-05-05

Les parents, qui veil1ent a la sante de
1eurs enfants, doivent faire bien atten-
ton de ne pas exposer les jeunes files
qui sont au moment de 1eur formation a
des travaux trop fatigants ct aussi de
ne pas leur permettre des amusements
GU des exercices trop severes nj des
veilles trop pro1ongees. De la facon
don't la jeune file traversera cette pc
RODE de formation depend sa sante fu-
ture, car ellie doit etre la mere de de-
main ct la femme de 1'avenir.
On ne s'imagine pas combien est deli
cate cette @poque on tout 1'organisme
|feminin prend position pour plus tard,
on lie systeme acquiert son equilibre ct
son harmonic. C'est1e moment Oh prem
nent racine ces terrib1es malaises qui
desolent les jeunes femmes an@mie,
pales couleurs irregularities, l~esquelles
Sc traduisent plus tard par des maladies
plus graves ct trop solvent f~atales,
CONNIE la consumption ct lie beau NAL.
&c quill faut aussit6t que Pom volt une
jeune file prendre mauvais TENT, palir,
Sc p1aindre de maux d'estomac, de fai-
blesse des reins, de maux de dos, c'est
de consu1ter immEdiatement1e medecin
specialist de la Compagnie Chimique
Franco-Am@ricaine, le DR. Simard qui a
fat des etudes a~pprofondies des afec-