davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-01-30
EXPERT TELLS OF BEST
METHODS OF PRUNING
Dr. A. W. Drinkar Associate Horcuturist of the Virginia
Experiment Station Writes of Care and Treatment
of the Apple Orchard.

Special to The Richmond Virginian.)
Blacksburg Va, Jan. 29.-Dr. A.
w. Drinkard. associate horticulturist
at the Virginia Experiment Station, V.
=. l., has this To say about the objects
and methods Of pruning as applied to
young and old apple trees;
AT this season of the year when
little else can he done in the orchard
the fruit-grower should use the time
for pruning the fruit trecs-The pFun-
ing should be finished before the
dormant spray. which is usually APP
piled in late winter or early spring, in
order to economic on labor and
spray material.
The Object of Pruning.
Several definite objects may be sc-
complished by pruning: % The tree
may be trained TO some desired form,
which is especially applicable TO young
trees. 90 BY iudicious pruning the
tree may be protected -tF-tl 4e renewal
OF dead and diseased branches. 80
Sometimes pruning may be used to
serve as a stimulant to growth: it
has long been known that pruning
in late winter and spring has a tend
ency to promote the growth of woody
parts of the tree "a In exceptional
cases certain forms OF pruning are
employed to mature the tree and pro-
mote fruitfuinesS.
Pruning the Young Tree.
The fruit-grower must decide early
the system of training which ne VII
employ. The two systems most COM
monty followed in this state are. frst.
the open head system. so-called be-
cause the scaffold branches are allow
ed to develop on the trunk at com
mon point, thus forming a crotched
type af tree, and Second. the central
shaft system according 10 which the
lateral branches are permitted to de-
velop alonr the central trunk or stem,
the lateral branches being well spaced
and kept at all times subordinate 10
the leader or central stem, Both or
these systems have their advantage
and disadvantages, and the system OF
pruning Is not as important as GER
tain other fundamental principles
% The scaffold h. anclres should
he selected in such way that they
will be properly spaced 20 Balance
or proportion should be maintained
in such a way that one branch viii
rot outgrow and dominate tho rest.
(3) Great care should he taken 10
secure proper angles in the various
branches: never premit sharp
angled branch to develop on the trunk
because It splits too readily when
heavily loaded,
Forming the Head.
Young trees which are set in the
fall should not be prUTed until the
may be pruned az the time of setting
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-01-30
LARGE NUMBER Of KEW
ENTERPRISES REPORTED
Rogers Company. of Norfolk. Inter
ested In Cotton Compress and >
Warehouse Plant at Augusta, Ga,

Baltimore, Md. January 2e-The
Manufa ctuTer's Record in It's weekly
review OF Southern Industrial progress
calls attention to the increasing NUM-
per Of large enterprises which are
being establish in this section.
Among the most important are the
following
!. F.. Aldred. of New York ami Balu-
moro chairman Of the Consolidated
Gas Electric Light ana Power Co, is
arranging to organize $1,000. 600
company to build t!npiate WORKS at
Baltimore.
Michigan sulphur K oil Co. Dallas,
Tex. has been chartered with $780,
600 capital 10 develop sulphur prop
erty. An initial plant costing $4,000
will he built.
Caldwell Chemical Co. S!stersville,
W. Va. will build chemical plant cost
ing over 100000 1t Will locate by
product coke ovens distilling APP
paratus, n!tratinS outfit. etc. with q
daily capacity OF 200 tons OF coal
southern Power Co, Charlotte, y.
c., is extending its operations by ac-
quiring lands. terpower sites. etc.
on upper Catawha River above Nor
canton in connection with future plans
for regulating rivers flow.
Columbia Kaolin and Aluminium Co.
Washington, .. C, has completed
plans for developing 4,0n0-acre
hauxite and kaolin property near
Gordon, Ga. Win invest $4,000 for
plant with daily capacity OF 100 tons
kaolin, so tons bau'te. tons alum,
narrow-gause railway. etc.
McFadden Bros, Philadelphia. and
Rogers Company. Norfolk. are plan
ming to invest $4,000 for cotton
compress and warehouse plant at
Augusta. Ga.
Lowell Bleachery, Lowell Mass, in
creased capital from $4,000 to $780,
600 to build permanent plant at st.
Louis. Me. Will install bleaching and
finishing machinery for monthly
capacity of 100000 pounds of cloth.
Gillette Grain Co. Memphis, Tenn.
awarded contract for concrete and
corrugated-iron grain elevator 122
feet high, capacity 100000 bushels.
and for six concrete storage tanks
Ultimate plans provide for 100000
bushels capacity.
Grand Prairie Canal Co, Devall
Bluff. Ark, organized with $4,000
capital to construct canal system for
irrigating $4,000 acres of rice land.
Henderson Manufacturing Co..
Hampton, Ca. incorporated with
$4,000 capital to manufacture cot
ton goods.
Louisville Home Telephone Co.,
Louisville, KY, will invest sl25,000
for improve ments, to include under
ground conduit construction and tele-
phone exchange.
Jonesboro Manufacturing Co, Jones'
boro, Ga. incorporated with 1000
capital to knit, dye and finish hosiery.
Equipment includes electric drive.
North Carolina Steel and Iron Co.
Salisbury. N c., incorporated with
$4,000 capital TO manufacture iron
and steel.
Thread Mills Co, Draper. y. c..
awarded contract for building costing
$40. 900, to be equipped with electric
drive and machinery for manufacture.
ing cotton goods.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-01-30
To Rebuild Ice Fsant.

Norfolk, Va. Jan. 2s.-Contracts
have been let by the Commonwealth
Storage & Ice Company for equipping
their plant with new machinery In
part, and thoroughly renovating all
other equipment. Contracts for most
OF the work have already been let
and the company expects to resume
operations by the middle of March
with a capacity OF 100 tons daily.
The plant OF the Commonwealth
Storage e. Ice Company was partially
destroyed in a $40. 900 fire last sum
mer. and since that time the details
of the repairs and necessary altera-
lions have been worked out. and plans
made for a thoroughly modern plant
for the manufacture of ice.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-01-30

following spring; spring planted trees
Many fruit-growers are now using the
one year old trees for planting and the
pruning which these trees require Ia
to cut back to stubs eighteen to thirty
inches in height. Low heading causes
the branches to develop on the lower
part Of the trunk thereby forming a
iow-headed tree which is preferable to
the high-headed tree.
Subsequent Treatment.
During the early years of the trees
life, small amount of summer prun-
ing. disbuddinC and pinching of shoots
may be practiced simultaneously in
order to secure proper placing OF
branches and prevent the development
OF superfluous shoots. The main an
nual training should be given in late
winter or spring. and should consist
of thinning and heading in the
branches. the latter to produce stock
i-7egs. tare should he taken to keep
the branches properly related to one
smother. The branches may he LETT
thicker while the tree Is young than
they should he allowed to remain when
the tree grows older.
Pruning Old Trees.
The commercial fruit-growers are
very careful to train their young trees
and prune the older trees. But these
matters are often neglected by farm
ers who have small orchards on the
general farm. 1t is a familiar sight
to SEE apple trees on which the
branches have become very thlck:
crowding one another and shutting
ont the sunshine. also making it very
hard ia SPRAY Ane tree properly. Inc
fruit which grows on such trees 10
USUALLY interior in see and color "A
good pruning saw and small amount
OF Ia hnr will correct this condition.
often neglected trees may he re-
juVenated and made profitable by cor
rect pruning.
Trees which receive an animal
pruning viii not require severe prun-
ing at any time, nor should II be
necessary to remove large branches.
one may sec early whether branch
is In an undesirable position, In whicn
case il should he removed while quite
small. Where trees have been neg
Iectcd a long time 1t may be neces-
sary to prune heavily in order To bring
the trees back to the desired condi-.
ton. If the trees have grown too tail
they should he drawn in by the re-
noval OF part Of the tops, Heavy
pruning has a tendency to stirnulat e
wood growth and many water SUCK
e,rs-' may develop on a tree which mas
received drastic pruning. but such
smokers may he removed during the
growing season. or at some othef
time"
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-01-30

Once more our books are closed.
and the Girls Canning Clubs mus.
give an account of work done that its
existence may be justified.
We have not grown larger in num-
bers of individual members. nor In
counties worked, hut We have done
better work and have realized more
money. A glance at comparative state
ment for 1914 and 1915 will give YOU
an idea:
Girls reporting 2ss; 1915.
432.
72.s31; 1918. 99.5S7,
Merev value-l9i4, si2,43i56;
1915. S19,9S9.92.
Sold fresh etables-l914. So
.794.sG: 1915. $6.S05,64,
wonder what it will mean 10 the
reader to see that the twenty-one Wo-
men employed In this work during the
past year have travelled by rail 1850
miles. by team. 30.0t6 miles, have
visited 7.160 homes. spoken at 653
meetings, reaching about 1866 peo-
pie. They have been instrumental in
getting running water put into a
number Of homes, the windows
screened; have introduced fireless
cookers. iceless refrieerators, home
INduF SIIUNtI udtIS anu VbliCh ttA'i'CN-'
besides carrying on Canning and
Poultry Clubs, Bread Clubs. Canning
Contests. crusades against flies and a
thousand and one other things.
Until the present year the Virginia
girls have made no special effort for
market Their emphasis has been in
providing home first. and selling all
surplus. We have developed suf-
ficiently now, so plans are on foot for
organizing cherry clubs. berry clubs
nsparague clubs, etc. Short time clubs
organized to save the surplus crops in
the different counties. We are expect
ing great things from them.
+ We have had no trouble marketing
the goods Our plan has been TO teach
the girl to find her own market; as yet
We have not produced much more
than the county can use. The mer-
chants in the country are very willing
to handle the girls goods, and when
housekeepers have once used the Al
brand, they continue to ask for It,
This was proven by an amusing con-
versation overheard by State agent
during a visit 10 country commun-
Try.
"Ruined His Trade
Small Mary was driving the State
agent along the village street. Mr..
James. the merchant called out LOOK
here, Mary, you are running my trade.
i can't sell any OF my canned vege-
tables nor fruits everybody tells me
you are supplying them" Mary
promptly answered. well, Mr., James,
you will have to do like Mr.. Johns. he
has agreed to buy all my goods so
ne can furnish the people Sarah
lives next to me and has a lot 10 sell,
Won had better see her"
II we use one word to describe
work during past year. ] believe that
word would he efficiency. That we
Rave stood for efficiency in home is
shown by the following:
One home comes to my mind. We.
the county agent and I, visited there
In early June. A small two-room.
frame house. wornout mother with
eight children. no furniture save
barest necessities, no closet for keep
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-01-30
School to Open In September.

Lynchburg. Va. Jan. 2s.-Dr. Stark
lett, who has charge of the new
Episcopal School for Boys. now being
erected in Rivermont, has announced
that at a recent meeting of the board
of trustees 1t was decided to open the
school on September rs next. The
work OF engaging teachers is now in
progress and everything is expected
to be In readiness by the date set for
the opening
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-01-30
1ne Farm Sold.

Manassas. Va. Jan. 29--"Comp-
ton" one of the finest farms in Prince
William County and this section o.
Virginia, was sold this week TO John
w. Wood, of Warren County. Tho
consideration was $45,90o. and tbs
new owners will take charge about
March 1. Compton" ID located Abcue
four miles from Manassas. near Brts-
tow. and consists OF 675 acres IL y
especially adapted to the raining o.
cattle and the grain and crop outpne
each year II abundant. gs4
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-01-30

CONTINUED on Second PaEe.3
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-01-30
Three Shot BY Lunatlc.

Albany, n. Y, Jan. 2g.--Armed with
a revolver to which was attached a
silencer. a man apparently demented.
terrorized the residential section of
Albany last night by shooting three
persons, two of whom are expected to
die. The victims can only recall that
as they passed a young man wearing
a heavy overcoat, they felt a sharp
pain. All were hit In the back.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-01-30
WORK DONE IN 1911 5.
General Statement of Achievements of the Girls Canning
Clubs In Virginia During the Past Year.

inc either food or clothes. Two cherry
trees loaded with fruit. The small
children playing around the yard. We
asked what they were doing with the
cherries oh, nothing, faint nothing
we con do We suggesting canning
for winter use Nom. / amt never
canned nothing, We a.nr got nothing
to can them in We suggested pick
ing some and selling in nearby town.
about four miles away. N ON. we
can't do that. taint nobody to pick 'em
but me and the children and nobody
to take EN- TO town.
4 lesson was given In picking and
packing the fruit Ivy the county agent
when she went back the next day with
baskets The twelve~ycar- boy
taken to town and started in selling
them He grew enthusiastic, SOLD
enough to buy himself some clothes.
his mother three dozen jars to put up
for winter. besides some sugar and
other neCessities
A second home IS quite different. A
home of Astounding wealth. The
young daughter Of fifteen came in
from league meeting and went at once
Ia her father and requested him to
give her a tenth of an acre as her own.
His answer was, You don't want 1t,
you'll not use IT,, but she insisted, say
ing she could do as much as other girls
in school il her parents would only
give her an opportunity. This they mad
not done because of their wealth. The
result was the girl secured her ground
and cleared $50 on her work. Her
parents thanked the county agent for
waking them up to the fact that they
were not giving their children a
chance.
Keeps the Poor Rich.
In this way the canning club IL
serving not only the girl who needs
the money in order 70 complete her
education or to help the home people;
but the poor little rich girl who
needs the training for her all-round
development more than the actual
money.
school Is shown by the remark of
county superintendent; in speaking
of the canning club girls he said. the
canning club girls in my county are
leaders in much OF our school work.
All girls who attended our ten days
short course at Harrisonburg Normal
last summer have taken the LARGEST
number OF prizes at county fairs rms
fall.
A school Inspector reported visiting
the schools OF several old canning
Club girls during the past WAlleoi ahn
in every instance finding teacher aad
pupils wide awake. interested in all
round development of community and
doing good school work.
Efficiency in county is proved ty at
titude OF supervisors who have put up
the money and watched developments
and their willingness to have fourth
and ffth year canning club girls put
IN as assistants to county agents.
One board says II the girls make
not one cent of money the work IN still
worth much more than the county is
paying in saving products formerly
wasted and producing better wide
awake. interested citizens who will live
in country.
Work OF Winter Gardens.
The work of winter gardens is beins
Continued on Second Page.3
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-01-30
Grin Endemic In Lynchburg,

Lynchhurg, Va, Jan. 2g.-With the
grip admittedly epidemic here. James
NJ Lawson died of that disease at his
home here today He represented
Campbell County twice in the House
of Delegates.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-05-26
Hot, Moist Weather
Making Corn Jump

Hot moist weather Of the last few
days has given a much more optimistic,
view to the condition of the young corn
and sprouting seed. Practically all OF
the implanted acreage In the county
and this vicinity has been seeded this
week. Some OF the earlier paintings
have not sprouted well. and some Of It
is being replanted. but some of the
first paintings are doing splendidly.
Corn that was planted during the
first ten days OF the month. when the
temperature was ranging from s. to
above 80, is doing well, and some of It
is ready for blowing This corn got
started In the warm. moist soil Of
those ten days before the cool, wet
weather came. and was only retarded
but not seriously damaged. Corn that
was planted from about May 10 to May
20, found a cold. wet seed bed and
some OF 1t rotted and much of It
sprcuted weakly. Farmers. knowing
there is yet time to replant this corn.
and get crop, are doing so. "
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-05-26
WHEN YOU WAKE
UP DRINK GLASS
OF HOT WATER
Wash the poIsons and toxins from
system before putting morn
food Into stomach. ?"
Ssys Inside-bathins makes any.
one look and feel clean, "
- otsost and refreshed.

wasy, yourself on the inside before
breakfast like you do on the outside.
This il vastly more important because
the skin pores do not absorb impuri-
ties into the blood, causing illness.
while the bowel pores do.
For every ounce OF food and drink
taken into the stomach. nearly an
ou1ive OF waste maieT:sG! must se
carried out OF the body. II this. waste
material is not eliminated day by day
il quickly ferments and generates
poisons, gases and toxins which are
absorbed or sucked into the blood
stream, thru the lymph ducts which
should suck only nour!shment to sus-
tain the body.
A splendid health measure IL to
drink. before breakfast each day. q
glass OF real hot water with q tea
spoonful Of limestone phosphate in II,
which IL harmless way to wash these
poisons, gases and toxins from the
stomach, liver, kidneys and bowels;
thus cleansing. sweetening and fresh :
ening the entire alimentary canal be-
fore putting more food into the stom :
act,. a. As =. Il
A quarter pound Of limestone phos-
phate costs but very little at the drug
store but Is sufficient to may anyone
an enthusiast on inside bathing. Men
and women who are accustomed TO
wake up with dull. aching head or
hAye furred tongue, bad taste, nasty
breath. sallow complexion. others who
have bilious attacks, acid stomach or
constipa ton are assured Of pronounced
Improvement in both health and APP
pcArance shortly. 81
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-05-26
.5~E
NATIONAL BISCUIT SALE
Olson otfers Fer Saturday Only, Az
National Biscuit Package Crackers
1t rssis-Sutter - Cheaper.

- Al the. time We gave our National
Biscuit Company demonstration lit
rained) our patrons were unable to
take advantage OF same. On Saturday
We will place on sale these goods. sell
ing ali i0-cent package crackers three
for IS cents, and a.! 5-eenf package
crackers six for - cents, assorted to
suit purchaser, Take advantage Of
this.
We have a great supply Of fresh
country butter. selling at 20 cents per
pound. ~ ST
A full line Of fresh fruits and rege-
tables Many good things to eat. al.
tractively displayed. Our location,
First avenue and State. Telephone
your orders to 935. Olson's.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-05-26
RECORD PERFORMANCE
Saxon "Six." $a15 Car, outdoss Then,
AIi--ssats Southern Pacific Fastest
Train-Wins Race at Cedar Falls
Against Twenty Six Cars - Goes
Twenty-Ons Miles on Gallon Of
Gasoiene.

The Saxon Six" $s15. alone among
tual performance the records made
within the last Year by the newly de-
signed multi cylinder type, high speed
motors Of the costly priced cars.
The reasons which enabled the Sax
on Six to speed 40 miles from Los
Angeles to San Francisco In thirteen
hours. beating the Southern Pacific s
fastest train by fifteen minutes, to win
notable victory in the famous hill
climb at Stamford Conn, to win the
race at Cedar Falls, Iowa. against a
field OF twenty-six starters to have a
gasolene consumption average OF
twenty-one miles per gallon and an oil
consumption Of 152 miles per quart to
accelerate from standing start to
forty five miles in 23.6 seconds. to idle
a full half hour ION high" at the rate
Of one and one-half miles per hour.
are seen below.
tall. specially designed. high speed
motor. giving maximum power per
gallon OF gas: matchless Hexiblity,
smoothness and GOODNESS under all
conditions. Gear shifting Is practical
ly unknown to Saxon owners.
Two-Radiator (Fedders). Of best
material. handsome appearance and
absolutely cool at all times.
Three-Bearings tTimken). it is i'm
possible to give the motor buying pub
lie a better impression OF Thinker
bearings than they now have.
Four-Axles (Timken). the mere fact
that we are using Thinker axles In the
Saxon Six" assures the prospective
purchaser that he Is getting the best
axies to he had at any cost.
Fqve-Drive gear fHelical Beven.
conceded by engineers to he the best
and surely the most quiet type OF drive
gear known. r
six-carburetor fRay6eId). q the
latest and most improved type This
type is being used extensively on the
much higher priced cars. . h
Seren-Ign;tion fAtwa.er-Kent). OF
lowest consumption Of battery current
and. impossible 70 run hatte-y dry by
inadvertently leaving plug in switch
board - ... -- a. n;
Esgft-Eaxon clutch. dry plate, dis-
tinctirely Saxon. Copied and initiated
br others-unsurpassed for smooth
ness &
NihG-J "b~ UNI tjIlE anu
ing system fWagner). silent sure ana
enduring with Benedict's drive. ~
Ten-Springs tCantilever) Of Van
dunn steel. making the best spring
possible suspension known -
Eieyen-Economy. the Saxon Six
is economy champion. Ignoring the
low initial cost which is self evident
many users claim TO average over
twenty five miles per gallon Of gas. It
is economy produced by light weight
and light weight gained by skilled de-
sign and top quality materials. =
Tweive-Remember the Saxon six.
Is the only car to sell under 1880 en-
ploying both Continental motor and
genuine Thinker axIes and bearings.
That lis why the Saxon six" is the
most talked OF car in America today.
Come In and see it. ride In 1t, pick
out your own roads. we are here tc
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-05-26
ELEVEN TO De CONFIRMED.

Class Of Young, People For Elm, LII.
theran Church Service. II
Eleven young people will be con-
ffrmed at the Elm Lutheran church
Sunday forenoon by the pastor, Rev.
O.. Ingvoldstad. The members Of the
class are Marvin L. Adland, Carl g.
Bottom. Thomas I. Bottom. Guerne Han
son, Bessie T. Holland, Albert J. He's
mer, Francis r. Mathiesen, James A.
Scott, Frederick C. Tow, Thalmer J.
Thompson, and Edna ". White.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-05-26

winning the melee. In the eighth Lee
Beau doubled, went to third on Byers
sacrifice. and counted on Ryan's fuke
hit. This was remarkable run. In
that the famous tobacco advertisement
had nothing to do with it.
In the ninth with the Robins threat
ening right along, the Boy1es decided
to put it on ice for sure. With Murphy
out. Wall hit a pretty double to lett
center and Durham. after two strikes
counted on him" hunted a little one
about three blocks into the orchard
beyond the wall. The score:
MARSHALLTOWN.