davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-11-12

past campaign - q success because It has
not taken from her any essential part Of
her conquests. She regards it as q sue
cess because, . new enemy having APP
peared, she has been able to defeat this
new enemy in brilliant fashion and may
conceivably extend her victory to the &C.
cupation Of most of his territory.
Battle Still . Draw
A comparison Of the two points Of view
must inevitably lead to the conclusion that
the third round Of the world struggle has
been a draw, in 50 far as the question Of
a knockout is concerned. Quite as clearly.
1t seems to me, q decision based upon
points must 60 to the enemies Of Ger
many. But decision In the matter Of
points Is Of merely passing value, since
the struggle is described on both sides IS
a fight TO the finish.
Accepting this standard Of measure
ment, it seems TO me quito clear that the
progress Of the campaign Of 1915 does no.
suggest the immediate approach Of a
knockout. On the German statement OF
the case 1t has become . defensive battle,
so far as the Central Powers are con-
cerned. But I can see nothing To sug-
gest that this defensive battle will not be
maintained in 1917. The delusion thai
Germany is now failing in man power has
been pretty fairly controverted In recent
months. We may see, we probably shall
see, shortening Of the German lines In tho
West before the end Of the campaign Of
1917, but this will not mean any immediate
change in the whole situation.
The truth Of tho thing seems 10 b this:
If Germany can hold the road to Con-
stantinople, If she can keep Russian Po-
land and Serbia and retain Turkey and
Bulgaria in the war Is her allies, she will
win the war, even II she has ultimately to
evacuate Belgium and Northern Franco
and stand on her old frontier. As long
as the situation in the Balkans remains as
it now is, Germany will control the road TO
the East, and this Is the prize of tho war
for the Germans. Conversely, there is no
apparent prospect Of successful advancs
from Salonica that will reach the Danube
or from Rumania that will arrive az
Sofia.
The Csnp.sn Of 1918
Unless Germany can persuade Russia TO
make separate peace, she win next year
be subjected to far greater pressure, much
heavier losses in men and probably far
greater losses in territory, than she has
suffered in 1915. The campaign of 1916
has pretty well demonstrated that Ger
man attack in the West is hopeless, but it
has not proved that Allied attack in the
West will inevitably reach the Rhine. It
tas abolished all the hopes Of an early
Teace, save among the few Americans who
are unable to perceive European condi-
tons as they are and imagine that the
people Of the nations at war, as contrastei
with the governments, are ready to make
reace at any price.
Perhaps the thing that the campaign Of
1916 most clearly points 10 is the moral
certainty that there will be campaign Of
1918.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-11-12

ish disaster at Kut-el-Amara, which led
to the surrender Of 10000 troops, mainly
native.
If one is to measure the results upon the
map one will say that Russia has taken
all of the Bukovina, with much of eastern
Galicia, she has taken Czernowitz, Stan
islau, Koomea, she has retaken in her
own territories the fortresses of Lutsk
and Dubno, she has lost nothing anywhere,
and in Asia she has taken Erzerum and
Trebizond.
Allies Round on Points
France has regained few square miles
of territory only, subtracting the losses
before Verdun from the gains in the
Somme, but she has beaten of the second
great attack which threatened her with
destruction. Italy has taken Gorilla and
drawn near to Trieste, while repulsing the
Trentine drive. Britain has continued
her systematic conquest Of German East
Africa, the last and best Of German colo
MES, now almost completely conquered.
To balance this what has Germany
achieved? With Bulgaria and Austria
she has overrun the Dobrudja, she has
occupied perhaps 5000 square miles of
Rumanian territory and the city of Con-
stanza. With her allies she has repulsed
the Allied armies aiming north from Sa-
lonica, and the Rumanian armies, which
for a few days overran much OF Transyl-
vania. Certainly on this statement there
is no mistaking the fact that the cam
paign of 1916 belongs to the Allies on
ncints. to use the prize-ring parlance,
always conceding that there has been no
Knockout and that no knockout is in sight.
Yet the really important thing is not
the territory occupied, but the question
Of human resources. Neither the Russian
advance in Galicia nor the Mackensen
drive in the Dobrudja can be compared
with the effect of other circumstances upon
the progress and prospects of the war.
The most significant thing about the year
1916 is that it has seen the arrival Of
Britain, speaking in the military sense.
Human Resources
In the campaign of 1914 the British
never had 100000 in line at one time, and
their losses must have been close TO
"a, 900. In the campaign Of 1915 the
British may have had 100000, but the
troops had very small tactical value, as
was proven first at Neuve Chapelle AMI
than at Loos. All through the French
operations in Artois the British were un-
able to render effective aid, and they
lacked both guns and munitions all
through this time.
But in the campaign of 1916 the British
have had upward Of 100000 in line, and
they have approximately 100000 trained
reserves behind them. They have heavy
artillery that surpasses both the French
and the German and their supply Of
munitions is rapidly mounting to the point
which insures them permanent SUPERIOR
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-11-12

STA to be held lightly; If France and Italy
were disposed of, their turn would come.
We know that all of these plans failed.
The great German effort at Verdun lasted
five months; it cost half million casual
ties and it gained nothing important, for
the small sections of the actual defences
of Verdun which were captured were sub
sequently relinquished. AS for the Italian
venture, it terminated about the time the
Russian attack in the East began. At the
outset it made more progress than the
Verdun drive; at the crest Of the wave 1t
seemed as if it would realize its main pur-
lose; but now the Italians hold all of the
ground they lost on the Trentine front,
save few miles of unimportant territory.
French Strategy
Allied strategy in this time conceived
the following plan: French High Com
mand, which dominates the whole Allied
strategy, accepted the gauntlet of Ger
many and undertook to hold off the Ger
man flood for the period in which Britain
and Russia were necessarily unable to
strike. During the better part of five
months the heroic task of France was to
hold, with the clear understanding that if
the holding were successful Russia and
Britain would strike as soon as they could
get ready.
We perceive how this French conception
worked out. First the German attack on
Verdun was checked and turned into the
bloodiest repulse of the whole war. Then
Russia, being at last ready, struck In Vol
hynia and Galicia, took 100000 prisoners,
an enormous booty of guns and supplies,
reconquered more than 10000 square miles
of Austrian territory, including the whole
of the Bukovina This Russian thrust be-
came so menacing that Austria had to re-
call troops from the Italian front, and no
sooner were these troops recalled than
Italy reoccupied practically all of the lost
territory on the Trentine front and, step
ping out along the Isonzo, gathered up
Gorilla, advanced materially on the road
to Trieste and took large booty and
many thousand prisoners.
The Somme Offensive
Meantime the British, at last being
ready. launched their first real offensive
in the Somme Valley, aided by the French,
who gave the lie to all German claims that
France was exhausted by taking as many
prisoners and as much ground as Ger
many had occupied about Verdun. The
Somme attack began in July, and IN No
vember we still see it progressing with
gains, not large, but unmistakabie' still
being made on a wide front.
The successes of the Russians the
Franco British forces and the Italians had
their effect in Rumania, and Bucharest
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
ANONYMOUS LETTERS
FLOODING HIS MAILS
Representative Borland Declares
Clerks Are Giving Him Full Bene-
fit Of Their Opinions.

Representative Borland said today he
is receiving from two to twelve anony-
nous letters in each mail from govern
ment clerks, who give him the full
benefit of their opinion concerning his
eight provision. One letter ad-
vised him to surround himself with a
bodyGuard. and another one, from an
elderly man, expressed the fervent de-
sire to meet Mr.. Borland on the field Of
honor
Il don't see half these letters Mr..
Borland said, AS my clerk throws
them away.
"The trouble with the contention Of
the clerks is that they want to make
the government their servant" he con-
tinued. THE departments now close SO
do business in the departments have to
stay here two days. because when they
arrive at the department they find the
clerks have slammed the desks and
gore home.
often even congressman have to
await. hat in hand, until some clerk
gets ready to wait on them in ono OF
the departments
.'Much Of the opposition to the eight
hour plan comes from the mercantile
interests Of the city: the same interests
VINO so bitterly opposed the reduction
Of the hour; for working girls in the
District.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
Y. M. C. A. IN WAR ZONE.
Inverted Triangle Now Familiar in
Northern France.
RI OF tie Associated Press

Correspondence OF tie Associated Press.
BOCLOGNE, February 1S,-The in
verted triangle symbol of the Young
Mems Christian Association is one OF
the most familiar signs in northern
France.
The association is everywhere in the
war zone. Its workers speed about in
small cars and its wagons carry stores
from one town to another It's huts in
crease every month. and in some places
its work is now being extended by
small depots in remote villages placed
under the charge of non commissioned
British officer. and opened for Il few
hours each day.
The regular .'huts" of the association
are great, roomy, one story buildings
that hold from 400 to 500 men. with
kitchens and living rooms for the
workers. The principal business car
RED on therein is sort of simplifi ca
army canteen selling at cost price
those articles which are in universal
demand, such as trouscr buttons Gig
srettes, cakes ana tea
NJ one hut g few miles from Bow
lo::ne he daily turnover from this
class of trade is 5000 day, mostly
in amounts of 10 cents.
There arc also books and papers, Ia
bles for writing letters. billiards and
various kinds of instruction Men
often gather in large numbers TO hear
Il lecture on the hstor: and archi-
lecture of the town; French classes
and Bible classes jostle with moving
picture shows and concerts.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
Need of Naval Bases,

| Speaking of naval bases. he said:
I'VE cannot conduct operations in the
| Caribbean without d naval base there.
We can't conduct operations in the
Caribbean with naval base at Norfolk
We must have a base in that sea from
which to start and to which we can fall
back. I would recommend 100000
for the purchase of base in the Carib-
bean. with floating docks.
The difficulties of operating in the
Pacific without a naval base would be
even greater: and as it is implied we
should always defend the Philippines.
we should have a base at Guam. We
cannot defend the Philippines without
such base"
He said that owing to the submarine
questions now being studied he would
not recommend any dreadnauShts just
now.~-The battleship has not been put
out of business by the submarine, not by
a long ways. he said, but naval experts
are likely to bring out a battleship that
is more easily defended against torpedo
attacks than the present models.
Just before the admiral started.
Chairman Padgett read morning
newspaper article in which he was
charged with hnIrin~ to smother the
navy personnel bill. He said the state
ment was without foundation. and that.
on the contrary, the navy personnel bill
is one of his pets, and probably will be
laid before the committee IN perfect
form in four weeks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
OUTLINES NEEDS
Of NAVY FLEETS
Admiral Knight, Before House
Committee, Details Ambi-
tious Program.
DWELLS ON NECESSITY
OF BATTLE CRUISERS
Would Not Stop at Spending $780,
C00,o00 in Five Years-Calls
Service Inefficient.

Declaring that the present
United States fleets could not
utilize more than so per cent OF
their potential efficiency, Admiral
Austin NJ. Knight, president OF
the War College and member OF
the navy'5 general board, today
outlined to the House naval af-
fairs committee a most ambitious
ard possibly the most comprehen-
sive plan for bringing the navy to
the ultimate strength yet pre-
scented to the committee.
Little navy men threw TIP their
hands when they heard the adj
miral declare that he would not
stop with the S5oo.ooo,ooo five
year program outlined by the
Secretary OF the Navy, and now
being considered in the commit
tee, but that he would survey the
general shipbuilding and ship
producing capabilities of the
country and would go ahead with
Il program which would produce
the greatest number of ships
possible from the countrys re-
sources.
What the fleet needs Immediately
merely to round out the present es-
Enlistment and prevent loss of 50
per cent efficiency according to Admiral
knight. is as follows:
Six battle cruisers 30. 900 to :5 600 tons
and equipped for thirty-f1ve knots or bet
ter
Eight scout cruisers of 5000 tons and
high speed auxiliaries. such as a repair
ship. hospital ship and an ammunition
ship.
+ Twenty destroycrs.
Thirty submarines
Two floating dry docks. one for the
Atlantic and one for the Pacific
A naval base in the Caribbean sea
and a naval base at Guam, for Pacific
5 operations
In backing up his rccomrne n da ions.
Admiral Knight said:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28

he said, but it is large and expensive
and ought to have associated with it
cheaper scouts that will be able to
and also be able to defend themselves.
We must make it possible to find
the enemy and to keep it away from us
when found. ] do not believe YOU real
ize how far you have gone when you
have done this thing, in helping naval
officers find the enemy"
The admiral then outlined the sup
Elemental ships needed. destroyers.
submarines, etc. and said that time
would produce an aeroDlane ship from
which aero-craft could be launched at
sea. and to which they could return and
alight on deck.
In answer to the difficulties in the
way of the maximum program. Ad-
miral knight said that the armor plate
situation is the greatest drawback. but
that inasmuch as the scout ships, bat
tie cruisers, etc. recommended by him
are lightly equipped with armor plate.
they ought not to clog the steel plants.
He said the S.000-ton scouts could be
built in any ship plant, and that the sub
marines may be to great extent built in
navy yards. if the government pre-
pares the way for such operations.
You can't get anything for moth
ing he said. land all this is going
to develop shipbuilding facilities as an
integral part of our defense. One of
the most important duties to be per-
formed is an investigation of the ship
building facilities of the country and
the attitude of the shipbuilders. We
ought to appropriate this year as much
as possible so that the shipbuilders will
be able to look far enough ahead to
invest millions OF dollars in their
added facilities. Nothing / have recon-
mended SO far cannot be done with the
present facilities"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
FOR JUSTICE HUGHES, ANYHOW
Gov. Whitman Says He Has Heard
Nothing From Jurist.

: ALBANY. n. y. February 2S.-Gov
Whitman's advocacy of Justice Charles T.
Hughes as republican nominee for the
presidency is not based on any informa-
ten that the justice will accept the nomi-
nation if it comes to him. but solely on
the executives belief that Mr.. Hughes is
the overwhelming choice of the republic
cans of this country for the position the
governor said today
Il have never made any statement
which would indicate that ! had any in
formation As to whether Justice Hughes
VIII accept the nomination." the COVER
nor declared IN commenting on state
ments which quoted him the effect that
II he did not have good reason to believe
Justice Hughes would accent the noni-
nation he would not be advocating his
candidacy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
AMERICAN AMONG
MAL0JA SURVIVORS
Continued from First Page.)
In the water drifted under another
which was being lowered and capsized
Captain Sticks to His Ship.

The captain remained on the bridge
until thrown into the water by the last
lurch of the ship.
Thousands of the inhabitants of Dover
witnessed the rescue work from shore.
considerable number actually saw the
blowing up of the ship, while almost the
entire population reached the water front
before the vessel went down.
Just before the Maloia sank those
watching from the shore had another
thrill, a second steamer, the Empress of
Fort William. being lost under exactly
similar conditions.
Capt. Shepherd OF the Empress said
that the sinking of the Maloja bore a
remarkable resemblance to the familiar
picture Of the sinking Of the German
cruiser Bluecher, with her keel nearly
showing and swarms of persons clinging
to her sides. Capt Shepherd photo
graphed the ship as it was sinking, but
his own vessel was struck few minutes
later, and his camera was lost.
Market Hall was converted into a
morgue, where the police laid out the
bodies Of the dead on improyised biers
for Identification today. Only two or
three bodies have as vet been identified.
Several deaths occurred Thursday on
rescuing vessels. the victims suffering
from exhaustion and exposure Capt.
Irving was in comma nd of the Maloja.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
GEN. DIAZ ELUDES OFFICIALS.
Believed He Is in Mexico to Head
Revolt Against Carranza.

Felix Diaz has eluded the surveillance
of Department Of Justice detectives and
the government is interested in reports
that he is about to launch an armed ex-
petition against Gen. Carranza.
Chief Bielaski of the bureau OF inves-
tgation said today that Diaz had been
under watch in New Orleans for three
weeks. but disappeared about a week ago
and had not been traced since. Officials
would not he surprised if he had landed in
Mexico. He could not be prevented from
landing by this government unless posi-
tive information were at hand that he was
to participate in an armed expedition.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
RUSSIAN STEAMER IS SUNK.
Petshenga, Former German Vessel
Captured Early in War.

The Russian steamship .PctshenGa has
been sunk. Fifteen Of those aboard were
saved.
The Petshenga was formerly the Ger
man steamship Erik Larsen, which was
captured by the Russians early i'll the
war.
She was of l,6a7 gross tons. was 260
feet long. 81 feet beam and was con-
structed at Lubbock in 1903
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
WILL PERMIT DYE SHIPMENTS.
Great Britain Gives O. X. and It Is
Hoped Germany Will Follow Suit.

Great Britain will permit the ship
ment of two cargoes of dyestuffs, val
ued at 100000. from Rotterdam to
the United States, Ambassador Page at
London has advised the State Depart
ment, and officials here are hopeful
that Germany will make an exception
to its embargo by granting permission
for their expectation.
Ambassador Page said that the Brit-
ish foreign office had given him as
suranccs that the carsoes would not be
interfcred with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
WILL NOT REVIEW CASE.
Supreme Court of u. S. Denies Peti
ton of Antonio Cisso.

The Supreme Court of the Uni: cd
States today denied application for a
review of the case OF Antonio CiSsG
against Marie Cisso. The Court Of APP
peaIs of the District had reversed the
decision of the District Supreme Court
in the case. and Antonio Cisso was the
petitioner to the Supreme Court of the
United States for a review.
The case arose from an effort on the
part of a husband TO obtain from his
wife property through successive sales
and repurchascs, the title having been
in the wife's name for about twenty
years.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
HOSPITAL SHIP SINKS.
Numerous Victims Reported on YES
sci Which Strikes Austrian Mine,

LONDON, February IS, sos p m.--The
sinking Of the hospital ship Mare
chiaro near San Giovanni di Ncdua,
Albania. is reported in a dispatch from
Rome to the Exchange Telegraph Com
pany The vessel is said to have struck
an Austrian mine. 1t is reported there
were numerous victims.
The Italian steamship Marechiaro
Az tons, gross, and 115 feet long, was
built at Ancona in 1912, and was owned
at Naples.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
LINCOLN HEARING APRIL 3.
Supreme Court Grants British Ap.
plication for Early Action.

The supreme Court of the United
states today granted the application
made on behalf of the British govern
rent for early consideration of the
appeal of Ignatius Timothy Tribich Lin
coin from the action of the New York
federal court in holding him subject to
eXtradition to England to answer to
charges of forgery. Hearing was set
Tor April 3.
Lincoln. who was formerly a member
of parliament. claims that it is desired
to try him in England for "a political
offense."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
PLEAD GUILTY TO HER MURDEI
Son-in-Law Of Mrs. Viehmier I.
Placed on Trial.

PITTSBURGH, February 2S.-Willam
Mcclure and Joseph White pleaded
guilty in court this morning to the muir
der of Mrs. Caroline Viehmier, a wealthy
widow whose body was found in her
home in .IcCandless township, Dcccm-
Der L..
Her son-in-law, Aaron Fell, whom Nc
Ciu-c and White declare paid them $50
to attack Mrs. Fiehmier. in order that
he might secure possession of note for
81 600 she held against him. was placed
on trial, charged with completely in the
crime.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
Predicts Great Merchant Marine

BOSTON, February 2S.--An increas-
Ing navy means that America must
soon have one of the greatest mercha mt
marines in the world. in the opinion of
Secretary Daniels of the Navy De-
partrnent, expressed in a letter 10 Supt.
King of the Charlestown Sailors
Haven, which has been made public
The letter contained Mr.. Daniels ap-
proval of plan to make Sunday.
May I. sailors day in the churches
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
BODIES WASHED ASHORE
FROM THE SUNKEN DIDO

LONDON. February %. 1905 pm
The bodies of eight sailors and the
captain of the Wilson liner Dido, which
was sunk February 26. were washed
ashore today at Donna Hook, Lincoln
shire.
The Dido, a vessel of 1863 tons gross.
carried a crew of t"cnty-nine men.
The first reports of her sinking said
that the captain and two Of the crew
had been landed by a Belgian steamer.
Steamer Birgit Reported Sunk.
LONDON, February 2S.-The steam
ship Birgit has been sunk. Seventeen
survivors have been landed.
There arc three small steamers of the
name of Bright. according to shipping
records, two Swedish and one Nor
wegian.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
0sborne's Trial to Begin March 10.

WHITE PLAINS, n. y, February IS
The trial of Thomas Mott Osborne, for
mer warden of Sing Sing prison, under
two indictments charging him with i'm
morality. neglect of duty and perjury,
will begin in the supreme court here
on March 13, it was decided here toda Y
by Justice Tompkins, who will hear the
case,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
Fire OH Russian Munitions Ship.

NEW YORK, February 2S.-Fire broke
out here today on the Eurymachos, a
Russian ship laden with munitions Of
war. which was about to sail for Vladi-
vostok. The fire was cxtinguished after
the ship had been seriously damaged.
The cause is unknown