davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-09-08
(By PROF. H. L. KEMPSTER, Nilsson
College Of Agriculture.)

By PROF. H. L. KEMPsTER, Missouri
College of Agriculture)
If, for no apparent reason, there is
lack of thrift among your young
chicks, perhaps the cause is lice, or
worms in the intestines. Examine the
chicks about the head for head lice.
Lice are more likely to be present on
hen-raised chicks. If lice are found,
grease the heads of the chicks with
lard which is free from salt. Do not
use lard and sulphur. Apply the lard
with the finger, rubbing the head,
neck, under the wings, and around the
vent. The brooding hen should also
be treated. One of the best methods
of exterminating lice on the mature
fowls is to rub piece of blue ONT
ment, the size of pea, into the skin
Just beneath the vent, and also under
each wing. Do not daub it on, but
rub it well into the skin, as blue ONT
ment is very poisonous and will kill
the hen if she gets some Of it into her
mouth.
If no lice are found, carefully ex-
anime the intestines of a dead chick
for intestinal parasites, such as tape
worms or round worms. If worms of
any kind are found, the chicks should
be treated and removed to fresh
ground where there are no worms in
the soil. AS long as the chicks re-
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-09-08
Making a Bad Matter Worse.

It is a dangerous thing, when you
have let slip an unfortunate remark,
to try to cover up the blunder.
Mrs. G. was talking with the wife
of Judge H. about her sons choice of
a profession. Il don't want him to
be a lawyer" she said.
"Why not?" said the judges wife.
II think there is nothing much finer
than the legal profession for a bright
boy"
We'll" said Mrs. G., bluntly, "a
lawyer has to tell so many lies" Then
it dawned on her that she was talking
to the wife of lawyer; so she hastily
added, "That is-er-to be good law.
yer youths Companion.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-09-08
COOP FOR THE BRooDY HENS
Large Dry Goods Box With Sides and
Bottom Slated Will Prove Quite
Satisfactory.

You can take large dry goods box,
knock off the sides and the bottom, and
then use Stats to tack on the sides and
bottom in order to admit plenty of ven
tilation. The birds stand on the bot
tom and the fever cools more rapidly.
The box should have supports about
three feet in length.
The birds should be taken from the
nest as soon as they have the broody
fever. This enables you to break them
from sitting more rapidly, and when
turned from the coop they will begin
having much earlier. This will also
prevent many eggs from being spoiled.
The hens should be fed when con-
tiued in the coop SO as to keep them
In laying condition.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-09-08
POULTRY AND EGG CROP
BY PROF. P. G. HOLDEN,

Almost every farmer keeps some
poultry. The trouble is he doesn't
make the poultry keep him. Too many
of them are ROSTERS. A lot more are
old hens that lay hu1 few eggs and
then want to set. Whenever the price
Of eggs gets high, the old hens go on
strike. They lay in the henhouse when
they please, but too much of the time
prefer to lay their eggs out in the
fence corners. That means they are
not gathered until they are stale-and
In consequence a low price for the
eggs.
The average farmer considers poul-
try raising a "side ISSUE" a job for
women and children-a sort of neces-
sary nuisance in order to provide fresh
eggs and toothsome roast or fry, Bdt
after all, this "side issue" bran X of
the farming business, poultry, nets an
annual return in the United States of
over $600000,00O or enough money to
build two Panama canals every year.
The Panama canal has been written in
to the pages of history as one of the
greatest achievements of modern times.
In it's construction our greatest minds
in the science of engineering, art and
medicine were employed. Yet the farm
hen with little or no care closIes her
yearly account with a balaD~S Jf more
than half a billion dollar. Only a
very small portion of this vast sum of
money is earned by the well-cared-for
commercial hen. Ninety per cent of it
goes to the credit of the much neglect
ed flocks ranging at liberty on the
farms of the country.
Hen Not Appreciated.
None of US half appreciate the
1noney-earning possibilities of the hen
For example, the cotton growing states
during a recent slump in the cotton
market due to the European war
Joined other cotton producing states in
an appeal to congress for federal aid
to tide them over the financial diff,
Guilty. The appeal was for $15o,00000C
to be distributed in the South through
! the medium of the fedora reserve
banks. If these one-crop states had
reckoned with the farm hen they
would have saved themselves the hui
initiation of asking Uncle Sam for help
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-09-08
HIDING PLACES OF INSECTS
Nests and Perches Should Be Given
Occasional Application of Some
Insecticides.

The nests and perches in the chick
enhouse should be kept from becoming
the hiding and breeding places of YER
min by occasional applications of in
seeticides like kerosene and crude car
bolic acid; the hens themselves
should be given opportunity for fire.
auapt dust baths. BY doing this, all
yermin will be kept within bounds ans'
will do no appreciate harm.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-09-08
90 E88s
What the average
farm hen produces

We will take Arkansas to illustrate the
point.
The average county in Arkansas con-
tains about 5000 farms. If on each
farm there had been 100 hens, each
laying through the year eight dozen
eggs, only about a quarter of an egg a
day, and the eggs had sold for 20 cents
dozen, the income per farm would
have amounted to $160. At this rate
the 5000 farms in each county would
have produced $4S0,000. Based on these
figures, the state of Arkansas with her
"a counties, would have produced near
ly $4,000, 00G-dollar egg crop. This
sum is far in excess of the money Ar
kansas would have received as her
share of the federal loan and more
than half of the value of the annual
cotton crop.
This $35,000,000 distributed among
the banks of Arkansas would have re-
lieved one of the most critical periods
in the economic history of the state.
The earning power of the hen exceeds
that of all other farm animals-the
dairy COW not excepted.
Profit in Poultry.
Let us not overlook this opportunity.
Any farmer can have poultry. He can
make more clear profit out of poultry
than the commercial poultryman can
make.
First, the care of poultry fits well into
the other farm work; the investment is
small; feed is cheap; the chickens CON
ver the waste products of the farm
sn!% profits. During the greater part
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-09-08
Prenared.

Il saw a perfect love of a library
table at Grumble's this afternoon"
But. my dear, we don't need Ii
brary table,"
Il know, love, but there's no tell
ing when we will need one, since
Uncle George gave little George that
tool chest for his birthday"
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-09-08
TO PREVENT BOWEL TROUBLE
Pepper and Ginger in Chicks Food or
Water Aids in Overcoming ChiIIs
on Damp Days

Black or red pepper and ginger in
the chicks food or water aids in over
coming chills and prevents bowel trou-
BILE, especially on cold, damp days.
Plenty of grit and oyster shells, to.
gether with well-selected, wholesome
food, eliminates this necessity in most
cases.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-09-08
Unstable.

ITS dead easy to make money in
Wall street, If you only know the
game"
Yes, but just about the time you
begin to learn a thing or two about it
they change the rules on you
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-09-08

Der the price begins to rise and in
creases gradually but rapidly until 1t
reaches % cents In December,
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-09-08
100 E88s
What she
should produce

airy and February and increases to 10
per cent in March. The price goes
down whenever the production goes up.
Why not produce eggs in the winter?
Get the advantage not only of in
creased production, but of high price.
In January eggs sell on an average
for about 30 cents per dozen. The
price decreases until in April eggs are
bringing only Is cents. A lnrge number
of eggs are put in cold storage at this
time and this keeps the price fairly
high considering the grekt amount of
eggs produced. The price drops to II
cents during the summer months be-
cause there is such large number of
poor eggs on the market. In Septem-
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-09-10

first In talking Of compression. this
- ny no means the place where com
preston leakage is most often found
The place where the leakage is mos,
NiScl" 10 occur IS at the valve caps.
these being the plugs or covers which
close the hole in the top OF the cyIin-
der. cut there 10 allow the valve to
bs taken out
Tho writer has found that. IL when
scTewing tho valve caps back. paste.
made up OF fake graphite and shellac,
is smearcd on tho threads. ii viii help
much TO make tho caps tight
Loss Of compression is also often
found where the spark plugs or com.
CYLINDER y little graphite grease ON
til" threads Of these Viii help.
The next place where loss Of com
preston is liabl" to occur is at the
valves themselves. This may be due
10 the valve stems sticking in their
guides To the adjusting screws on
the valve filters bcing up too high,
so that the valves do not seat prop
ctly to tn" valve head being warped
due "a tho heat. or 10 tho fac; that
the valves need TO be ground In.
After a car has been run little
over 300 miles. tho valves. especially
the exhaust valves. will have small
holes burned In them, or AZ tho say
ins IL become ritted. These pits al
low the compression "a escape so that
they must DO ground out.
Tn WAY 70 and on, If there is loss
~ compression Is TO feel for 1t by.
slowly rrauiyiuE the engine. To end
4: there rs loss OF COMPRESSION in a
cer,tin cylinder. open al! but one -
tte compression cocks and ,hus fool
the compression I'm The cylinder nav
ing Inc closed compression cock Tnon
t!v tho other cylinders In succession.
Loss cf compression at tho valve
caps can b. found by pouring LITTLE
OF around them and running tho on
ginc. II there Is leakage the oil
Viii form ia bubbles
The Valve Timing.
From the first lesson the reader NAV,
be under the impression that the inlet
valve is opened AZ tho momen, the
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-09-10
a.. the old gases would simply cxpand

A. the old gases would simply expand
until their pressure was gone
So, YOU see. that there must also DO
considerable time allowed I" let the
exhausted gas lose It's pressure. or. in
other words. come 10 atmospheric pres
sure. Thus the valve Is opened about
ou"-sixth OF the way before the he.
cunning Of the eXhaus, stroke.
From the above we see tina; tn. Inlet
valve opens when the "crank pin has
travelled about ten degrees past ton
center on the suction stroke and closes
about thirty degrees after the crank
pin has completed tho suction stroke,
and is On tho compression stroke. Tha
eNhausc valve opens about thirty-ivo
degrees before the beginning Of the
exhaust stroke, and closes about Two
degrees after tho completion OF this
stroke.
As some Of my readers may not to
familiar with degrees. will take tho
liberty Of explaining what is mean.
by degree.
II circle he divided into 500 equal
parts, each one of these parts will hc
ono degree. Thus IN a circle thirty
SIX inches in circumference, thirtysiX
divided by SEQ. or onc-tcnth of an uch.
VIII be- ono degree, while il the circle
be 90 inches in circumference. l2o-35o.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-09-10

piston is at the top starting down OH
! the suction stroke and closes inmedi-
ateiy tn" piston is down. having nm
( ished this stroke This is not the case.
The usual practice is TO have the
inlet valve open slightly after the
piston starts downward on the sue
ton stroke. and remain open until
the PISTON and therefore, crank-pin
has completed this stroke and has
Travelled upward on the next, or com
preston stroke. about ouc-sixth of tho
upward travel Of the crank pin, when
II IS closed.
The reason for having this valve
omen so long Is due 10 the great speed
Of the engine. Many engines make
about 1900 revolutions in ininut-
When the car is travelling thirty-fivc
miles per hour From this YOU wil!
see that the piston mates each stroke
in ahou, onc-forlic,h OF a second
THIS is very shor, space Of time.
and YOU can readily understand, that
rs tho incoming gases must pa 50
through pipes and "a valve which tend
." throttle or check their passage. they
mas not have time enough to get into
The cylinder. II is to give the gases
time enough 20 enter tho cylinder that
The imlct valve is held open for the
extra oua-sixti1 Of tho crank pin ira ave!
as mentioned above.
Because Of tho great engine speed
Tho exhaust is also open for q com
parati""l% long time. il being opened
when the crank pin has still TO travel
on"-si&th of the way down on the
stroke before tho exhaust. or power
stroke. 1t IS held open for the full
UPWARD exhaust stroke. and slightly
after completing this stroke
The reason is this. the gases. after
explosion. are under a very high pres
sure, and while they lose most OF
this pressure in pushing the piston
down. when tho power stroke is com
pleted, they Will still be Under con
siderable pressure. Now, If there were
sull TO b. pressure In the cylinder
when tho piston starts on its suction
/ stroke. there would be no suction due
70 the downward travel of the piston
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-09-10

or one-third OF an inch, viii be one
degree.
Thus there are $50 degrees in "A cir
Gle. no matter how large AS the
crank pin is constantly travelling in q
circle. when II has passed through
one fourth of !, revolution. ii Will have
travelled through ninety degrees. one
sixth of a revolution, sixty degrees.
and so on As stroke Is hut ono
half of a revolution. one sixth Of a
stroke will be thirty degrees
Figure is a diagram showing the
points as tho various strokes begin.
In the next article we will take up
the question Of Ignition.
tclip these articles az they appear
each sunday in The Times Dispatch
only. and save thcm. as one forms the
connecting link to IN" other They
viii make u complete Intelligent dis
cusSion OH all the important units Of
the automobile Order The Times Dis
patch in advance Of your uowsdcaIer
so as not to miss any Of the articles
OF the series.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-09-10

get hrigh, when YOU prime the carburctsr.
is probably that the wire running 10 tho
csrburetcr ,!ckler comcs in contact VITA
TINS way makes a good connection between
the HIGHT ana the ground 1 Mould recon.
mend that YOU SCrapc the paint of small
portion OF this shield. twist wire ahpUt u
and connect tho other end OF tho Wire -
som" metal part ot tho car
-; Dear SIN nile my electric horn
used to make loud sound now Il only
way In which these electric horns can I've
adjusted 10 give 4 t,rcatcr sound q |.
n. IN" sound of practically all electric
horns can lie regulated. Ii you VIII take
on ;h" cover Of tho motor YOU VIII find "A
hitle screw having a loci. nut on IT, by
which tn" rachel can be brought closer 20
or farther from IN" diguhraEnl, in this way
varying the sound OF the horn Before
adjusting this would give the horn brushes
and rommUtatcr thorough cleaning with
gasoline, and also make sure that all con-
nections tight. Again. Your horn may
need : n.w ub"T point on tho diaphrasm
shield OF ali fights Witch are In back OF
mc 80 that | sometimes think they in
tho front L. there anything which can be
nut on tho windshield glass 20 atop this
You Will greatly oblicc. r. NcA.
4. II YOU VIII adjust your Windshield so
that Il ~ siishtly az an anSle 70 the yer
o. the car. you Will not DC troubled hy the
reflections YOU mention.
-. Dear SRA short time ago bought
set OF second hand electric lights and
storage battery and nut them or my car
Continued on Tenth Pare)
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-09-10
ansvers wlll appear una.r .h,s h..alng ]

''''HN'iS VIII appear unCeE .tnlS neaGlnE j
Copyright. 1915. ~ Fred. c. Guc.rlichD
- Dear SF-Wnen walk in back OF
smell coming from the exhaust, aud sor,c-
tInrs black SMOKE. As | don, often see
ms IN other ears ! am Wondering II GONE
thing IS wrong with my Docs this
%RGkc and smell Indicate anything? You
a. 10th tho black smoke ana the bad
door are "a sure Indication that your ,niN-
tnr" IL too rich. ! would advise you TO
have your Garburetcr adjusted
- Dear Sir am considering the pur-
Which would you recommend. AMI why :?
decide properly VIII be much appreciated.
a For various reasons cannot answer
.? CONFERENCE.-THE side lights in ms. 1914
S.! ,--;.-l ear burn Very dim. yet the head :,
On, the little knob % prime my carburster
that the lights get bright. I have carefully
traced tho wire from the battery to the
lights. and even pulled IT ,ur of the metal
'ub" which protects u. but cannot find a
bare or loosc wire. As my tall Hight some
m nm s acts ,ro hS SANE 1 wny would Ike to
might give Will he appreciated. am.
A This car has what lis known as a single
wire lighting system. that IL. ono in which
the current is icd to the lights hy wire.
but returns through the metal parts Of tn"
Tn" fact that the lamp brackets do not
make metallic connection with the metal
PARTS OF the car. paint Japan. etc. acting
insulation. The your lights
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-09-10
S|MPL|F|ED LESSONS ON
PROPER CARE OF AUTOS
How Piston Rings i'm Cylinder of
Smaller Diameter Act as
Springs.
RINGS MAKE PISTON AIRTIGHT
Frederick G.. Guerrlich Tells OF Three
Essentials for Successful Running
of an Auto acknowledgements and
Answers" Aid 10 Car Owners.
RINGS MAKE PISTON AIRTlGHr
LESSON y. =.
The Three Essrntinis.

lCopTrlsht, 1915. by Frederick 6.
GUcrrlich.l
For tho successful running OF an au-
tom"bllc engine. We must have three
thlnsS namely: perfect explosive
mixture ana perfect iruition II any
one If these three fail or is not per
feet tho engine viii either misy lack
po"cr or possibly not run a all.
j. is oXtfemcly Important for the
reador 20 clearly understand the above
Paragraph as this viii give him
foundation for tn" successful diarnos-
INK Of his engine prohlcm7
IN later articles We will take up tho
question Of miNture and OF ignition.
I"t us now take up tho question Of
comprcss!ou
rho ri,ton Rings.
II YOU wiii refer 20 tho cut. YOU VIII
sec that =, the top Of tho piston are
cut number OF grooves ana that I'm
these grooves are inserted castiron
rings called piston rings These rings
CFiElrc - ara slightly larger in III
amcter than tho cyliudcr. but have
piece cnt out Of ,hsm about oue-half
inch long Thus tho. can be pressed
together this amount and can. there
fore. 10 put into q cylinder which is
o, small diameter They VIII. however
try to take THOR original diameter. and
thus viii act as springs pressing on;
against The cylinder walls The cut
shows on the right tho position th-
rings take in the cylinder while on
tho LEFT their position ON tho piston
before being placed iu tho CYLINDER IS
shown
The piston itself cannot bo made
10 ~ into the cylinder 81 snug1y az
10 b" airtiri,t. az du" 10 the hea, of
the combustion n tho gaseous mixture
al fte 4. 4 Il =
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-09-10
AUTO QUERIES AND ANSWERS

II y"r have any urotl"ma. or wish any
in formation. about your auiOmohi!r write
he Auto Editor. Tho Times Dispatch and
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-09-10

Thousands buy Studebaker Cars with
out even raising the hood because they
know into their making have gone the fin
est thoughts Of men whose name has
always synbolized the best in the world Of
transportation.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1916-07-24
The Seals Sense OF Smell.

The sense OF smell possessed by the
seals is very strong and will invariab bly,
wake them out of sound sleep even
II you come upon them ever 90 quietly
to the windward. and you viii alarm
them in this way much more thorough
ly, though you be half mile distant,
than II you came up carelessly from
the leeward and even walked in among
them, they seeming to feel that you
are not different from one OF their own
species until they smell you. The chief
attraction in these animals is their
large, handsome eyes, which indicate
great intelligence. They are a deep
blush black. with soft, glistcning
and the pupil, like the
cats, IL capable OF great dilation and
contraction.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1916-07-24
A ~Younu~ Old Lady.

In The Intimate Letters OF Hester
piozzi and Penelope Pennington" edit
ID by Oswald c. Knapp. appears an
anecdote OF q most unusual old lady,
There was a Mrs. Shelley In Sussex,
says Mrs. PioEzi-her sneering neigh
bors called her sspistle and Gospel
who had two maiden daughters, one
broke her leg and died al about forty
years Of age. but the other departed
not until fve years ago. The doctors
told her mamma there was no hope,
and she piously resigned herself 20 the
loss.
but tell me at least" cried she.
what ails my poor child and OF what
can she possibly be dyingr'
.of age. dear madam" answered her
physician. Miss Shelley was never
strong. and seventy-six years have
nearly worn her out"
"oh. dear IL she rcallyf Why.
am ninety-four myself, and l am not
dying OF age"
She spoke truly and outlived her lit
tie girl, as she called her, six years.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1916-07-24
SPECIALISTS IN CHINA.

They Know to . Nioety Just Whsrs
TheirS Work Begins and Ends.
The Englishman knows how to serve,
and he knows how to be served, says
Isaac Taylor Headland in Home Life
In China" but in the matter Of service
and serving even the Englfshman must
take a second place, for the Chinaman
has specialized service such as has
never been done In Great Britain.
We sometimes think we are special
lists In the west. We have our eye
specialists, kind of servant, Of coarse,
although I simply use them to illus
trate what wish to say, here, but they
often combine with the treatment of
the eye that Of the ear, the nose and
the throat. They have not got down
b . hast analysis of specializing as the
Chinese doctor has.
A man had been shot with an arrow,
the head of which was buried In the
flesh He tried to pull it out, but the
skin had closed over the head, and he
was not able to do so. He went to a
physician to get him to remove it. The
doctor promptly sawed the shaft of
close to the skin and then demanded
his fee. But" said the sufferer, "the
head of the arrow is still inside"
quite right" said the doctor. 81
am a specialist 1 deal only with out
side diseases. II you want the head
taken out you win have to go to an
other specialist who cares for inside
ailments"
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1916-07-24
A MaIiuned Bird.

Long ago the phenomenal power OF
the stomach OF the ostrich was immor-
taflZed In the idiom OF all the worlds
great languages. To have the "stom-
ach of an ostrich is the synonym for
Incompatible digestive power, the SUI
preme fight Of gastric laudation.
Those omnivorous beings OF the dime
museum who devour hardware in pub
lie for so much per week are always
down on the bills as human ostrtches."
Well. TO make a long story short.
the whole thing from beginning to end
is nature taking. pure and simple. As
matter of fact, the ostrich. If not a
confirmed dyspeptic. has most deli
cate digestion. The largest single en-
try in ostrich mortality records ia
acute indigestion. The successful feed
ing of ostriches In captivity requires
constant care.-British Press.