The evening leader., 1916-11-08
Once a Mighty
Kingdom, Poland
Long Despoiled

All the dispatches are vague as to
the amount of territory which is to be
included in the restored Polish king
dom. .,9
The first recognized King of Poland,
Boleslaus, reigned in the eleventh
century, dying about the time of the
Norman conquest of England. His
kingdom stretched from the Baltic to
the Carpathians, and covered all the
territory between the Elbe, the Bug
and the Dvina rivers, including mod
ern Galicia, Poland, Lithuania, East
Prussia and much of Prussia proper.
After his death the kingdom fell apart
again and was not restored until the
reign of Wladislaus I. and his son,
Casimir the Great (1333-137O).
The greatest days of the Polish
kingdom, when it was one of the most
powerful of Europe, were those of the
Jagellone dynasty, which began with
Jagiello l. of Iithuania, who was
crowned king of Poland under the
name of Wladislaus II. in 1886. and
ended with Sigismund, H., who died in
1872. After the death of this last
great statesman of the Jagellone dy-
nasty, Poland became virtually a re-
public with an elective chief magis-
trate, holding Office for life but with
carefully limited powers.
The most famous kings of Poland
besides Casimir l. and the Jagellones,
were Stephen Bathory (1575-1586),
one of the most famous knights and
brilliant military geniuses of history,
and John Sobieski John III), who
saved Christian Europe by routing the
Turks under the walls of Vienna IN
1888.
Poland, however, steadily declined in
power and influence after the Jagel-
lone era. The first partition, 1772,
robbed the kingdom of most of Cali
cia, which was given to Austria;
White Russia and much of Lithuania
to Russia, and most of what is now
East Prussia to Prussia. The second
partition in 1898 gave Moldavia (the
northern half of present Rumania)
and Volhynia to Russia, and Danzig
Thorn, Pcsen and adjoining territory
to Prussia.
Polish independence was finally ex-
tinguished by Russia and Prussia in
1876, although the Poles under Po-
tocki and Kosciuszko fought desper-
ately to the last for their freedom.
Prussia took Warsaw and the terri
tory west OF the Vistula. Napoleon
created grand duchy of Poland in
1905, but it was only a shadow, and
in 1915 the congress of Vienna di-
vided the territory as it remained
until 1914, save that Cracow was rec
ognized as an independent republic
until 1348, when Austria seized it.
The Poles under Russian dominion
revolted, for a time successfully, in
1880, but since then, save for many
.conspiracies and brief rising in 1868,
they have been in complete subjection.
~o-~~~o~~~-o-o-~~~-~o-~
ond game Saturday. The game here
last Saturday with Rollins, although
the Soutkerners had little difficulty in
taking them into camp, showed a great
many weak spots in the regulars,
both in the line and backfeld. A
great deal of work is in store for the
Blue and White squad this week and
an effort to pull all kinks out by Sat-
urday is being made. The line showed
little aggressiveness, and with the ex-
ception of Wilson, Fulton and King,
little real football was shown.
The Southern backs, while showing
individual ability incarryirg the ball,
evidenced lack of interference and
blocking. Both Captain Calvert and
Shank Showed great ability in often
sive work, though Iao Bean and Rast
wern the most consistent on both of
fensive and defensive. The week of
hard work that is in store for the
backs will bring out a great many of
the weak points and it is expected that
they viii show wonderful improve
,ment in the second contest.