davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13

of blue serves for the very pretty mod
ell that Is shown in the illustration. In
size, this cape takes a middle course
between those that reach almost to the
elbows (they are rare) and brief af-
fairs that barely hold out, to the point
of the shoulder. These two extremes
are met with on coats. The cape pic
tured is scalloped and hemmed and
entirely yelled with black silk nous
seline. 1t Is made with a high flaring
collar and all its edges are finished
with Il ruching Of mousseline gathered
along the middle into scant fullness.
Rather wide black taffeta ribbon
makes a long tie for finishing the
neck. 1t is laid in folds and tackled
down about the neck opening. with
the free ends just long enough to knot
easily. 1t is Il support and Il finish for
the cape.
ParasOlS and capes to match are
made for those outdoor affairs Of sum
mertime that call for formal dress.
Both are covered with u mass Of full
~ruchings made of narrow strips Of silk
frayed at the edges.
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13

| it repeats in it's petals the sheen and
| color about IT..
At the back Of the coat a belt Of sill
yer lace confines the fullness Of the
chiffon in plaits, and serves another
purpose In weighing it. The binding
of silver cloth makes itself useful in
the same way.
|. Rose chiffon and silver lace make
the pretty cap to be worn with this
%aristOcrat among negligees. 1t Is fin
ished with many long loops of baby
| velvet ribbon. Although they are not
In evidence, the chances are that moth
ing more substantial than cloth-of-sll-
yer slippers and r~ose-colored silk hose
answered the question of footwear, to
correspond with the cap and gown.
Negligees that are more lasting, in
| charm us well as In material, are made
| of sheer white fabrics and worn over
white or %pale-cOloreL slips Of thin soft
| silk. p
Among new models quite a number
have coat effects Of wide shadow lace
or fine net made up with satin rib
bons In all the light colors. Flowered
wolfe is n perfect material for making
negligees, and vles with much more
costly fabrics In effectiveness.
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13

GUS of all the sparrows. Its diet con-
sists OF about AZ per cent of insects
and spiders and IS per cent of vege-
table matter. The animal food con-
sists largely of caterpillars. of which
it feeds a great many to its young.
Besides these. it eats beetles. includ-
ing many weevils. Of which n stom-
ach contained 30. 1t also eats ants.
wasps, and bugs. Among the latter
are plant lice and black olive scales.
The vegetable food Is practically all
weed seed. A nest with four young Of
this species was watched at different
hours on four days. In the seven
hours Of observation 119 feelings were
noted, or an average Of II feelings
per hour. or four and one-fourth feed
ings per hour to each nesting. This
would give for a day Of IA hours at
least 23s insects eaten by the brood.
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
Self.Contained Houses.

It has been suggested that archi-
tects could do a great deal toward
Improvement in city planning by en-
couraging owners to build self-con-
tanned houses-that is, structures that
would contain the entire establish
ment in itself, whether 1t is a house
Of business or u factory, says Con-
struction News. Next to nature mr.
chitects have more to do with max
ing this world beautiful than any 9th.
er agency. human or divine, and 1t is
q grave responsibility, and one sees
about him every day evidences Of one
kind or another as to how they live or
attempt to live up to 1t, particularly
in the matter Of q house, a s%elf-cOn-
tanned establishment, that Is wholly
a house without annexes, leantos or
projecting parts, which, in n few years
are used for such a wonderful conf
bination Of purposes that people Won
der at the original intention of the
owner OF the architect.
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
TESTING ALL ROAD MATERIAL
Hardness, T%ouohness and Binding
Power Of Rock Should Be Deter
Municipalities Defined.

prepared by the United States DEPART
ment of Agriculture.
Counties or communities intending
to build wuter-bOund macadam roads
run considerable risk of failure I'M
less they have the rock they are to use
tested for hardness, tOushness, and
binding power. These are the quail
ties, in the opinion Of the engineers
Of the office of public roads and ru-
raj engineering of the department.
which experience has shown to be
most essential to the endurance of a
road. In IL recent technical paper de-
signed to assist engineers in making
accurate laboratory tests of road ma
tcrial, the road specialists define these
qualities as follows:
Hardness is the property u rock
should possess in order to resist sue
cessfully the abrasive action of traffic,
especially iron-tircd vehicles, which
tend to grind to dust the individual
fragments of rock forming the wear
ing course of macadam road.
'"Toughness is the property a rock
should possess to resist successfully
fracture under the impact of traffic.
Binding power, or cementing values
as it is more frequently called, is the
ability which the dust of a rock should
possess or develop by contact with wa
ter, so as to bind or cement the larger
rock fragments together and prevent
their displacement under the shearing
action of traffic. This property Is es-
pecially valuable in water-bOund
macadam construction, since it is de-
pended upon to maintain the integ-
rity of the wearing course as the road
surface is worn off by traffic"
The use of rock suited to withstand
the wear Of traffic is regarded as so
important that the department offers
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
Urges City Improvement.

The American City, a publication re-
viewing municipal work throughout
the country and promoting civic de-
velopment, urges that cities In this
country formulate q three-year i'm
provement program Immediately fol.
lowing the termination of the Euro
pean war. It points out that such q
plan will serve greatly to diminish the
i'll effects Of the sudden stoppage Of
the heavy operations Of munitions and
other factories in the country and the
consequent throwing Of thousands Of
men out Of employment for the time
being. The suggestion is q good one,
and II generally adopted would, be-
sides accomplishing the effects above
Indicated, result In many public Inn
provements that nearly every munich
pality needs and must have In the
course OF time II 1t hopes to be NUN.
bered among the "live ones"
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
Separate Capes and
Pelerines

. Little separate capeS and %pelerines,
to be worn with light summer frOcks.
are essentially classy affairs INDUCED
in by comparatively few women. Along
with s%addlebag pockets and the hooped
gown, they are for those who are al
ways looking for something new. The
cape, as Il part of the street dress or
coat, is more widely accepted. and in
any case there is no smarter accessory
of dress.
To think Of capes is to think of silk,
but the capes Of today bring many 9TH
er materials to mind as well. Taffeta
stands Mt the head us Al ~favorite in the
list of available fabrics, which includes
linen. alpaca. crepe. organdie. and
satin. Changeable taffetas trimmed
with ruchings Of the silk or with ruch-
ings of black mousseline eliminate any
chance of failure If m starts out to
make something creditable in II little
cape.
A pin-stripe taffetn in two shades
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
Footman Was q Poet.

At least one domestic servant
though a male and not a female one
made a lasting contribution to English
literature In the eighteenth century.
This was Robert Dodsley, who as a
young man served as a fOOtman. and
brought out his first works, "Servi-
tude: a Poem." and 1.-THE Muse in
Livery, or the Footman's Miscellany"
while still In service. With the pro-
ceeds Of these works and q farce. "The
Toyshop," produced at Convent Gar
den, he set up as a bookseller In Pail
Mall, and within a few years became
the most prominent Of London publish
ers. issuing books for Pope, Johnson
and Goldsmith, inaugurnting the San
nuai Register" and still trifiing with
the muse himself, besides collecting
and editing ar invaluable selection Of
"Old Plays."-London Chronicle.
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13

of 72S stomachs Of this bird, animal
food. mostly insects, was found to con
stitute IS per cent Of the diet and
vegetable matter "a per cent. The
animal food consists largely of beetles
that bore into timber Or burrow under
the bark. Caterpillars amount to 16
per cent Of the food and include many
especially harmful species. Grasshop-
per eggs are freely eaten. The vege-
table food Of the downy woodpecker
consists of small fruit and seeds. most
~ Of wild species. 1t distributes seeds
of poison ivy. or poison oak. which is
about the only fault of this very use
full bird.
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
Chipping Sparrow
SpizeIla ~passarina

Length, about five and one-fourth
inches. Distinguished by the chestnut
crown. black line through eye. and
black bill.
Range: Breeds throughout the Unit
&c States. south to Nicaragua. and
north to southern Canada; winters in
the southern United States and south
wald.
Habits and economic status: The
chipping sparrow is very friendly and
domestic, and often builds its nest in
gardens and orchards or in the shrub
berry close to dwellings,. Its gentle and
confiding ways endear it to all bird
lovers. 1t Is one of the most insectivor-
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
Bluebird
sialia stalls

Length, about six and one.half
Inches.
Range: Breeds in the United States
Invest to Arizona, Colorado. Wyoming,
And Montana). southern Canada, Mex.
tico, and Guatemala: winters in the
southern half OF the eastern United
States and south to Guatemala.
Habits and economic status: The
!bluebird is one of the most familiar
tenants Of the farm and dooryard.
Everywhere it is hailed as the har-
binger of spring. and wherever it
chooses TO reside it is sure of a warm
welcome. This bird. like the robin.
phoebe. house wren. and some swal.
lows, is very domestic in its habits.
Its favorite nesting sites are crannies
In the farm buildings or boxes made
for its use o natural cavities in old
apple trees. For rent the bird pays
amply by destroying insects. and it
takes no toll from the farm crop. The
bluebird's diet consists of 6S per cent
of insects to 81 per cent of vegetable
matter. The largest items of insect
food are grasshoppers first and beetles
next while caterpillars stand third.
All Of these are harmful except a few
of the beetles. The vegetable food
consists chiefly of fruit pulp. only an
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
English Sparrow
Passer domesticus

Length. about six and oue-fourth
inches. Its i%ncessant chatterinA quar-
relsone disposition, and abundance
and familiarity about human habita-
tons distinguish it from our native
sparrows. w
Range: Resident throughout the
United States and southern Canada.
Habits and economic status: Al
most universally condemned since its
Introduction into the United States,
the English sparrow has not only held
its own. but has eve increased in
numbers and extended its range in
spite of all opposition. Its habit Of
driving cut or ever killing more bene-
fetal species and the deiling OF build
ings by its droppings and by its own
p~nsightly structures. are serious OBJ
jections to this sparrow. Moreover.
in rural districts, it is destructive to
grain. peas, beans. and other vege-
tables. On the other hand. the bird
feeds to some extent on a large num-
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
ORIGIN OF HORSE.
Not Because Of Mark Somewhat Re.
sembIlng Horseshoe-Gets Name
From Turkey.ln.Asla.

II n hundred people be asked why
the hOrse-chestnut Is 30 called. 30 may
say they do not know, and nine may
tell You that 1t is because, Mt the juno
ton OF the leaves with the stem, there
is n little mark somewhat resembling
n horseshoe. But 1t happens TINT this
is merely n chance occurrence; the
real reason Ia less far.fetched.
In Turkey-in-Asla, where the tree Is
native. the fruit Is ground md mixed
with the fodder Of the horses. md 1t Is
from the fnct that 1t is The ',Orses'
chestnut, ns opposed to the chestnut
enjoyed by man. that 1t gets its name.
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
Study Historic DESIGNS.

A study Of historic design in archi.
lecture Is a pastlme which not only
furnishes a pleasant form Of recrea-
ton, but will, when ones W. house
Is contemplated, prove exceedingly
helpful.
To be able to recognize at n glance
the lines and notifications Of these
historic styles, as expressed In the diff
ferent houses with which y0u come In
contact. will be most gratifying; and
when you reach the plnn stage OF your
home you need not 50 to your
architect entirely vold Of ideas.
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13

to test samples Of BODYBUILDING rock
for any citizen free Of charge, pro-
vided the samples are sent prepaid and
ure submitted in accordance with def-
mite printed instructions. These in
structions will be mailed by the office
of public roads and rural engineering
to whoever requests u copy. Where a
community is considering using a To-
cal stone or other stone which has not
already proved its durability in high
way work, the highway supervisors
would do well to secure a laboratory
report from the department. These
laboratory tests are conducted with
elaborate and rather expensive appara-
tus, and In the case Of untried rock
IRE the only practical safeguards
against the employment of material
that will wear out too quickly to prove
a good investment.
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
Downy Woodpecker
Dyobates pubeScen0


Length, six inches. Our smallest
woodpecker; spotted with black and
white. Dark bars on the outer tail
feathers distinguish It from the SINH
larly colored but larger hairy wood
pecker.
Range: Resident in the United
States and the forested parts Of Can
ada and Alaska.
Habits and economic status: This
woodpecker Is commonly distributed.
living in woodland tracts. orchards.
and gardens. The bird has several
Characteristic notes. and. like the
hairy woodpecker. is fond OF beating
on q dry resonant tree branch q tat.
too which to ~sppreciatiye ears has the
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13

mer.
"And how Granny Perch did grin
and wiggle her fins when she was
asked to give the prize to Fairy
PERCH"
"What was the prize?" asked Nick.
"A new set Of water wings made
out of the softest and lovellest Of
moss that came from the bottom of
the lake and which had been made by
Granny Perch into the wings.
"And then all the Fishes took the
Fairies to their Pond Lily Cove where
they had a banquet Of delicious water
weed salad. water moss Ice cream and
pond lily Lemonade"
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13

AHIr ''ooN
the Dawn Fairies,
the Evening Fniries-nlltof them were
included, ami they made great prepare
tons over the way they should go.
TN the first place they wore lovely
dresses of green senweed which were
really beautiful, and they put on their
water wings of green too. to help them
when they got tired swimming. The
Fairy Queen wore a chain of very fine
sen shells which once upon a time old
Mr.. Pickerel had sent her. They had
been given to him by one of his rela.
tons who lived In the sea, for Of
course Mr.. Pickerel's home Is always
in fresh water-such as a lake or q
river or a stream.
This Swimming Party was given In
a lake. and Mr.. Pickerel was the host,
so you can we'll guess how t1attered
he a when he saw the Fairy Queen
wearing the present he had one given
her.
1.-The Fairies all arrived in their
boats made of glass through which
they could see right down to the
bottom of the lake, which was very
deep. The Mermaid Fairies and the
Fishes were all Swimming around
waiting for them, and when they came
all the Fishes fms wiggled with pleas
ure and the Mermnids whisked about
their beautiful hair with excitement.
"'Splash. splash! came from MI.
Pickerel, which meant delighted to
see you
"Then Mrs. Plckerel splashed too.
and after that the little Pickerels
splashed for all they were worth
and so on until every single Fish had
given u welcope to the Fairies.
"The Fairies sailed about in their
boat which went under the water as
well as or top, and then every little
while they would get out from one of
their glass port holes and swim
around with great glee.
"'Now for the races shouted Mr..
Pickerel. when I say one, two. three.
go, remember what 1t means. ! will
give three small splashes with my tail
and then l will jump away, way up
and come down with a terrific splash
which will mean co.
"All the Fairies got ready for the
big Swimming race. and the little
Fishes all swan around In circles to
cheer them along, for of course the
Fishes didn't go In the race. That
would hardly have been fair!
"And when Mr.. Pickerel said. CO.
or made the terrific splash all the
Fairies jumped and 1t was several
minutes before any of them actually
got started! That amused the Fishes
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
WONDERFUL SAVER OF TIME
Little Hand Hoe, With Small Blade, 10
Great Convenience In Wedding
Seed Onions. =

Hoe away from onions instead Of
killing up; they spread out and grow
much better. If truck farming a little
hand hoe, the blade about the size of
your thumb, Is Il wonderful time saver
IN wedding seed onions. They can be
made by any blacksmith and cost but o
few cents.
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
Baus Of the Hour.

The chic wrist bag of the hour car
rics more or less beads. The balloon
shapes IN bugs are called the "last
cry" although they are Il revival of an
old, old fashion, and many Of these
REVEALS have handles wholly or par
TALLY In beads. One model frequently
developed In white and dark checked
faIlle. with nppllqued motifs In dark
velvet. has n liandle or dark shell bends
which Is repeated in II short chain de-
pending partly across the bags base. A
second model In plain faille has o
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
nMll g lnterestinsi nfor.
H9Y0 nation about
1N them supplied
1I INN by the Bureau
A"0rI09YM Of Bioloeical
4~OA4 Survey Of the
t " Il y AUnited States
@r62S&Sf pNMDcpartment OF
0xx N$OGgTEI- ASEAsriculture

quality Of woodland music. In a hole
~excavated in a dead branch the downy
woodpecker lays four to six eggs.
This and the hairy woodpecker
are among our most valuable allies.
their food consisting of some OF
the worst foes Of orchard and
woodland. which the woodpeckers are
especially equipped to dig out Of dead
and living wood. In the examination
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13

I lying behind the wayside banks. ac-
cording to orders, to remain prone
when under FIRE but not actually EN-
gagged. Then. at the proper moment,
Wellington's voice was heard, clear
above the storm. "Stand up. guards !"
1t was Maitland's brigade Of guards
that thus "stood up" und. with a vic
torious rush, swept the chasseurs out
Of the combat.
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
pADDY'S EVENING
uEAIRY TALEp
b. MARY GRAHAM B0NNER
SWIM.

"The Fishes gave a Swimming
Party not long ago." said Daddy. "for
the Fairy Queen and the little Fairies"
'"There wasn't anything very unusual
In Fishes giving a Swimming Party.
was there, Daddy?" asked Nancy.
mo, 1t was the most usual kind of a
Party they could have given. but 1t
was a treat for the Fairies"
"Swimming Is a treat for anyone. I
should think" said Nick. II can never
get enough of it."
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
|i@NufI,0NN
6AA|N
@~ w.
0@@o
GARDENS AND CHILD WELFARE
Experiment Being Made in New York
Is Of Interest to the Entire
Country.

OF far more than ordinary interest
Is an experiment conducted this spring
in New York. There, under the d.
rection of the International Child We'll
fare league. and with the cooperation
OF state and federal departments, Il
practical demonstration of the value
of v~acant-!ot gardening for children is
being made. At first it will be con
fined TO Westchestcr county. where it
began in February under the guidance
of President Jarvis of the Connecticut
School of Agriculture. Outlining the
purposes of the experiment, an officer
of the league says:
I'VE believe that to abolish child
labor we must do constructive work.
It has been found by actual practice
that where children have taken up
gardening they can earn more in u
summer in that work than they nj
during an entire year in II factory. The
garden products Of the children are
used first for the family and the sur
plus is then marketed.
when the parents find that the
children can make more money in
this way they will be willing to allow
them to remain longer in school to
prepare them for better positions. In
the meantime the children have been
building character as we'll as building
themselves up physically. Taking the
children from the factories will lessen
the number of the unemployed. There
are now 100000 children in the fac
tories and there are 100000 unem.
ployed. When We are able to take
the children from the factories We
will leave their positions for the adults
who are now idle"
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
handle combining the silk and short
strings of blond shell beads.
DRESSING the Hanoer.

The most alluring coat hangers have
q feminine head, quantity bOnneted In
the center, with the wings that the
shoulders Of the cont hang on 10 ex-
tending from the shoulders Of the
head as to suggest arms.
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13

her of insect pests. and this fact points
to the need Of a new investigation Of
the present economic status OF the spe-
cies. especially as it promises, to be OF
service in holding in check the newly
introduced alfalfa weevil. which threat
ems the alfalfa industry in Utah and
neighboring states. In cities most of
the food Of the English sparrow is
waste material secured from the
streets.
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13

Daddy laughed
and continued.
ct h are
s O m g Fairies
called the Mer.
maid Fairies be-
Il they're In
the water more
than they are out
Of 1t. And they
helped the little
Fishes get up the
Swimming Party
for they knew
just what all the
OF h Fairies
would like.
every Fairy in
Fuiryland was in
vited. There were
thn Wood Eofrioa
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
what the Duke said.

The Duke Of Wellington. Of course.
never said up guards. and ut EN- J
at Waterloo. but is 1t generally known
how near he came to saying 1t! Sir
Herbert Maxwell. In his biography OF
rs duke, points ont what IL the prob
abae~orgin Of the pleasing legend.
Late In the afternoon of that melnor'
able June IS the first and second bat
taNons OF the Third Chasseurs were
6eeenost In the attack on Mont-Saint-
Jsen. They had reached u crossrond'
that the British troops were
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13

and the Fairies
thought 1t q pref
ty good Joke too.
"Weil. and who
do you think won
the racer" asked
Daddy.
1.-THE Fairy
Queen" said
Nancy.
NO., 1t was
won by Fairy
Perch. She had
been given that
name ut the last
Party given by
Granny Perch
who had wanted
her name to be
used by a Fairy
who was such a
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
FunoI in Truck crops,

Truck crops suffer least from fungi
in seasons that open with a cool spring
and end with Il very hot summer, with
d rainfall below the average.
Mansfield mirror. (Mansfield, Wright County, Mo.) 1908-1957, 1916-07-13
PLANTING Strawberries.

For strawberries, allow II foot be-
tween the plants, and three or four
feet between the rows.