davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-29

horns. the breed best adapted to stock
eggs, should sell the cockerels at not
over u weeks old At this age they bring
profitable price when well fattened, but
after the comb of the cockerel develops
and his spur hardens, it is difficult to
sell him for more than the price of an
old rooster.
Broilers or frys can be killed and
shipped In iced barrels, but where the dis
lance between the producer and seller Is
not over 500 miles and the seller will pay
good prices for live chickens, selling the
chickens alive is recommended to owners
of small poultry farms.
KILLING BY DISLOCATING NECK
Chickens to be killed should be starved
at least Is hours. They should not be
fed in the evening, killed early next morn
ing and shipped to market by the night
express. One of the best methods of
killing is by dislocation of the neck.
The feet and wings of the chicken are
grasped by the left hand, with the head
between the first and second fingers of
the right hand, with the back of the hand
toward the back of the chicken. The
comb is In the hollow of the hand, the
little finger resting under the beak. Place
the left hand in front of the left hip
and the right hand at the right knee
Then bend the head of the chicken back
as far as it will go by pressing the lit
tie finger on the beak and at the same
instant push the head down hard. 1t
will separate about an inch and half
from the neck, severing all arteries and
causing the blood to flow into the empty
space just created between the head and
neck
BY dislocating the neck in this manner,
the body of the chicken is as completely
drained of blood as if the neck were
severed with an AK. The only part that
holds the head to the neck is the outside
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-29
The pop in Popcorn

From the Popular Science Monthly.
Nature has filled a grain Of popcorn
with tightly packed starch grains The
interior of the grain is divided into a
large number of cells, each Of which may
be likened to a tin box, the walls of
which are sufficiently strong to with
stand considerable pressure from within
Upon the application of heat the mois-
ture present in each little box is con-
verted into steam that finally escapes
by explosion. In some cases the explo-
sions are of great force
very high degree of heat is required
for satisfactory popping. This causes
most of the cells to explode simulta-
neously. The grain or corn then literally
turns inside out, and is transformed into
a relatively large mass of snow white
starch.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-29
SINGLE COMB BLUE ORPINGTONS

When the late William Cook originated
the Orpingtons, he created five differently
colored fowls bred with both rose and
single combs, making 10 varieties in all.
Since his death there has been such an
increasing demand for Orpingtons that
other fanciers have turned their atten-
ton to creating and perfecting still other
varieties, notably the Blue Orpington
This is a handsome fowl, and it is bred
with both single and rose combs. 1t was
produced by cross between the Black
and White varlties which will produce
blue plumage, with the admixture ofSthe
blood of another fowl, very popular in
the north of England and Scotland
known as the Rose Combed Blues"
These hens are reputed to be everlast-
ing layers in their native country ana
large in size. Louis Wright credits their
origin to Blue Andalusans and Blue
Langshan crosses. They breed single
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-29
Birmingham Has Had Treat
In DR.. James w. Lees Lectures
School of Methods Lecturer Is Accorded the Honor of Ben
the Leading Christian Philosopher of America-Has
Won Many Friends by Lectures and Personality

ligion of Science" has also been trans
lated into Japanese.
DIR. Lee closed his series of lectures
before the school of methods last Fri
day night bith brilliant address on
THE Discovery of the Philosophers
Stone" The spacious auditorium of
the First Baptist church was made
quate to accommodate the people who
came to hear his lectures.
DR.. Lee is very enthusiastic over his
future work with the Barnes hospital.
1t is his real pet hobby, and he will
go into his work with the institution
with the same degree of enthusiasm
that has made his efforts success
throughout his ministry.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-29

wet with water. At noon scatter grain
in the litter, Equal parts of cracked
corn. wheat and kaffir corn Cor oats,
barley buckwheat or cane seed is
good mixture. Southern poutrymen should
add one part of cowpeas by weight to
the grain mixture. If you have butter
milk or sour skim milk you can use the
regulation milk feeding diet, giving the
thin slop in the morning and evening
and the grain mixture at noon Have
vessel of drinking water in the house.
Clean the house frequently and eradicate
the parasites.
Always confine poultry for two weeks
before selling. Confinement, with les
soned exercise, softens the tissues of the
muscles and the food increases the
amount of edible flesh. Selling tough,
unfinished. thin chickens off the range
will injure the reputation Of any poultry
man.
one of the best methods of selling these
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-29
MODERN SELLING METHODS
FOR BROILERS AND ROASTERS
Advantage of Selling Live
or Dressed Chickens in An
Established Market-HOw
to Fatten, Kill, Pack and
Ship Chickens for Highest
Returns.
BY FRANK G. HARE,
poultry Husbandman, Clemson College,
south Carolina

South Carolina
II is not surprising that persons enter
the poultry business on large scale
without selling experience. Their entlre
attention is centered upon the equipment
of the poultry farm and the production
az the chickens and eggs; they do not
realize. the greater the number of chick
ems they rear, the more difficult 1T IS
to sell them at a profit. How to sell
adyantageously is the subject OF TINS
article.
Ignorance of marketing chickens and
eggs is the primary cause of many large
poultry plants going into the hanos OF
. raceiver. A knowledge of the suess-
full methods of Matching and rearing
chickens to the broiler age, and OF IN
ducing hens to lay, is insufficient to war
rant a man undertaking the management
az n. poultry farm. He must know how to
f;o;sb shin and market his products.
The first class of chickens to be sold
are the early Matched broilers The
cockerels are fattened and marketed at
12 weeks The pullets are retained for
the laying house.
The cockerels should be specially fed
from the tenth to the twelfth week 10
.asko them plump in body and Well
fleshed on the breast No method o.
finishing equals milk-feeding, contine-
me.,t in a wire bottom fattening crate
with three meals a day of equal Welgnt
OF cornmeal, wheat shorts and ground
oats mixed to a thin STOP with butter
milk or sour skim milk. Other food
or water is unnecessary. Ten-Weeks' ola
chickens SC fed for two weeks gain on
the average of three-quarters of pound
in live weight, are known as milk-fed
frys. and bring the highest prices on the
market The cost of m,lk-feeding chick
ems Ia crates is less per pound gain IN
live weight than for similar chickens con-
fined In houses or fed on range. The rea-
SON "a that the crate-fed chicken does
not exercise and use part OF the 1000
II repair his muscles-what he eats goes
to the development of edible flesh
Another method of finishing these 10
weeks old cockerels Is to confine them
for two weeks in an open-front house
and feed twice daily mash OF equal
parts cornmeal. ground oats, wheat
shorts and meat scraps (prime feeding
cotton seed meal can be substituted Tor
meat scraps In the SOUTH mixed crumpiy
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-29

12-weeks' old fattened chickens is to
ship them alive to commission mer-
chant in a large city. Your state de-
partment of agriculture can furnish you
the name and address of the nearest re-
liable commission merchant to whom to
consign your poultry.
Empty, lightweight, shipping crates
will be loaned by the commission house
that will receive your consignment. When
the crate arrives by express, the fattened
broilers are well fed and watered weighed
and placed in the crates and expressed
to market. They should reach the COM
mission house on Monday, Tuesday or
Wednesday. so that they can be dressed
and sold to the housewife the latter part
of the week. 1t is advisable to place a
small box of grain and dish of water
in each crate Ship the chickens in the
evening, to arrive at the destination the
next morning or afternoon.
Breeders of Single Comb White Leg
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-29

modations all over the country are being
improved and augmented the most stu
pendous project of the kind being the
building of the new $4,000 900 Hotel Com
modore in New York, the tourist center
of the country. When completed this
will be the largest in the world and will
have 1000 rentable sleeping rooms at
prices much more attractive than have
usually prevailed at new first-class hos
telries. The benefit to. Americans of
seeing America first are being felt
everywhere. Let the good work continue.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-29
Likes Sunday Page

To the Editor Sunday Educational
Page:
Let me congratulate you on your
Sunday educational page, not only
on the variety of your articles, but
on their excellence as we'll Yours
faithfully,
THORNWELL HAYNES,
President Birmingham Colledeg.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-29

combs as well as rose combs, and con-
sidera BILE introduction of this blood into
the makeup of the Blue Orpington is no
doubt responsible for the latter's accred-
tied laying qualities.
Blue Orpingtons possess splendid type
and size. vieing with the blacks for these
honors, and all the specimens so far
shown are as handsomely colored as the
long established Blue Andalusian.
In shape the Blue Orpington should be
long in body and very deep, giving the
specimen a heavy, stocky appearance. It's
legs should be thick, short and set far
apart In plumage the male has brilliant
bluish-black top color, i. e., neck haclkle,
back saddle and top of wings, While the
feathers of the breast, body, wing. bow
and wing secondaries are light blush
steel gray. The feathers of the female
in all sections are colored like the breast
of the male.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-29

The Berlin magistrates have taken
10000 skinny geese from Russian Po-
land and distributed them among farms
around Berlin to be fattened with all
possible speed. Thousands more are
on their way to be dealt with in SINH
lar manner.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-29

skin. No air can enter the circulatory
raw flesh is exposed to mold spores or
flies, a starved chicken killed by disloca-
ton of the neck will remain longer In
perfect condition than If it were killed
by any other method. Disocation Is the
preferred methods of killing In Europe.
REMOVE FEATHERS CAREFULLY
After killing, the feathers are removed
before shipping to most markets. Dry
plucking while the body is warm is
preferable to scalding the feathers and
pluclling later. Scalding is much easier
than dry plucking and is satisfactory for
some localities. Have the water almost
boiling. Hold the chicken by the legs
and head and immense the body plum
age only, thus preventing the tell-tale
CHASTITY white head and legs of the
of the scaIded chicken whose extremi-
ties have been immersed.
Immersed the plucked carcass in ice
water, or hang it on a rack in a cold
room. Do not remove the intestnes,
crop, head or feet of frys, roasters or
hens. Starving clears the crop and in
testines of food; the chicken is clean in
side.
HOW TO PACK CHICKENS
tainers until the animal heat has left
the body. Clean sugar barrels are sat-
isfactory containers. Line the barrel side
and bottom with heavy wrapping paper.
In warm weather, shovel three inches of
cracked ice in the bottom of the barrel,
then layers Of chicks and ice until the
barrel is full The top layer is coarse
ice. Cover the barrel with a burlap
sack Mark net weight of chickens and
gross waiPhf nf phinr,ont wi
on barrel Express charges are usually
figured on the weight of chickens and
container; the ice travels free.
Roasters Weighing three pounds each
and upwards are fattened and sold sim
ilarly to the broilers No profit can be
made milk-feeding old hens and roasters
III crates. Confine them III house and
feed the mixed grain ration, with butter
milk or water to drink.
BY selling his surplus stock to a re.
liable commission merchant, the farmer
can discard unproductive stock at the
best time to sell 1t. Success in market.
ing chickens means governing the sales
by conditions on the poultry plant, no,
1 feeding chickens week after week unit
/ they can be sold to small concern
Selling to number of small dealers
private individuals, or hotels may produce
better prices; but 1t also means more
/ work, and frequently slow payments with
some bad debts. If good local market
| is available, take advantage of it, bu
there are few poultrymen whose local
market will buy all their poultry prod
ucts when they should be sold.
! Dry mash hoppers should be accessl
BILE. sanitary. convenient, nonwastefu
and serviceable. In next Sundays ar
J ticle Robert Armstrong has prepared &
number of practical designs for hopper.
that have given satisfactory service; ane
there are complete instructions on how
| to build them.
The Berlin magistrates have taker
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-29
Emergency Clothes Hanger

From the Popular Science Monthly.
Roll up newspaper loosely and tie in
the middle with piece of string, leaving
a loop by which to hang to. This may
be suspended from a gas bracket or other
handy hook and will take care of light
weight articles.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-29

London has 1850 miles of telephone
and telegraph wires.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-29

Dry mash hoppers should be accessi-
BILE. sanitary. convenient, nonwasteful
and serviceable. In next Sundays ar
ticle Robert Armstrong has prepared a
number of practical designs for hoppers
that have given satisfactory service; and
there are complete Instructions on how
to build them.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1916-07-07
DOES NOT AFFECT US
Jap-Russ Alliance No Bar to q. S. Far
East Trade Is Claim.

London, July Ito question
from the Associated Press representa-
tive to what the effect the new Jap
anese-Russian alliance would have
upon the open door and in the in
tegrity of China, the foreign office re-
piled:
THE convention is effectually an
emphasis upon the effect and extern
sion of the Anglo-Japanese alliance
based upon the territorial integrity
of China, whose open door and integ-
rity are now endangered American
trade and interests are in nowise
affected"
The foreign office denies affirma-
tons in Japanese newspapers that
the convention contained secret
clauses.
The accord, which is virtually an
alliance, is regarded here as of his
toric importance as concerns the flu
ture development of the far east and
world politics generally and it ends
a long period of hostilities between
the two empires, which eliminated
in the Russo Japanese war. and
strengthens the position of Japan as
a first class power
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1916-07-07
LOOK IN THE BOOKCASE!
Mayor and Police Argue Over F'avorite
Hiding Place for Liquor.

If you should happen to land on
the police force under the House ad-
ministration and are sent on a liquor
raid don't fail to look in the bookcase
Lon Sauls, police sergeant, failed to
inspect the bookcase when he led the
raid on Mary Chesney's place at 129
Kansas avenue and when Mayor ]. E.
House found it out Sergeant Sauls re-
signed.
That fount of human knowledge
the bookcase, contained more than
knowledge at Mary Chesney's house.
Boone Brown, one of the girls arrested
by the police at Burt's cafe two weeks
ago, told the mayor, in order to save
herself, that she was at Mary Ches-
ney's when Sauls and his men made
the raid; that Sauls saw beer there,
saw her there and made no arrests.
The mayor already knew that Sauls
had made no arrests. The girl said
Sauls made joke of the raid.
Sauls has issued def to Mayor
House to prove a single instance of
dishonesty or lack of good faith in the
discharge of his official duties.
II can produce the affidavits of the
officers who accompanied me on the
raid" said Sauls, land they will bear
out everything.I have said. We found
absolutely nothing upon which to base
an arrest. There was a girl there but
Mary Chesney claimed to be sick and
said the girl was nursing her. We
found no liquors, not even an empty
bottle. 1 telephoned TO Chief Parsons
and told him the situation before we
left the place.
Chief Parsons agreed that Sauls
telephoned to him and asked him
what to do.
IT told him to use his best judg-
ment," said Parsons
My orders before the raid" said
NJ
suspects, whether discriminating evil
dence was found or not The reason
the raiding party failed to find liquor
was that they failed to look in the
bookcase.
Sauls is off the police force, but
maintains that he is taking a vaca-
ton, which does not terminate until
I11Iv
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1916-07-07
Started to Bring
President of the U. 5.
10 the Big Free State Fair in
September.
4 letter TO |. M. PENWELL
Saws He VIII Be Glad to Con-
slider Invitation
In the Event That He Makes a
Western Trip.

If President Wilson can arrange
his campaign. trip SO as to be in this
part of the United States he will
spend a day at the Topeka State Fair
during the month of September.
Just before leaving for Buffalo, on
a Shrine mission, L. NJ. Penweh' pres
ident of the fair association, received
a letter to that effect from j: f. Tu-
Jflulty, secretary to the president
Il in reply to an invitation EXTENDED
~ Mr. Penwel to the president IN
letter a week or more ago. 1t IS I'M
1flxeIv that President Wilson would De
able to find more people congregaleo
toeether in any western city than ne
would find at the Topeka STATE ait
Below is copy of the letter re-
ceive5i bv Mr.. Penwell from Secretary
Tumulty:
Ny Dear Mr.. Penwell: ,..4or
The president has received your iet tisa
courteous invitation which you eA ssloo, 70
him ON behalf of the Topeka Fair Assoc I.
ton He will be glad carefully t 70 co he
determines upon u western trip.
sineg = I. 1TTUqMutLTY.
Secretary to the President.
If President Wilson attend the Aail
and deliver an address there VIII pc
no admission fee to hold down 1ne
All of Kansas could hear him ana az
tend the fair at the same time WIFI
on paving any admission fee.
Years ago Benjamin Harrison,
candidate for the presidency, stopped
off at Topeka during one OF the en-
carnpments of the Kansas q. A n;
The old soldiers were young then ana
f,,Il Of ssnep." In order to hear Har-
rison it was necessary to get into the
arandstand at the fair grounds All
admission fee was charged.
The young old soldiers talkea llle
4ba track south of the STAND.
ssfsharge!" shouted an officer, and the
blue line took fences and all otnef
barriers. The soldiers occupied the
rfandstand and they paid no adInls-
sion fee.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1916-07-07
Will FALL SHORT
Reports Indicate Crops VIII
Not Reach 1915 Mark.
Winter Wheat Acreage Shows
& 1915 Per Cent Decrease.

washington, July Forecasts OF
final production of the couptry's prln-
cfpai farm crops this year were an
hounced today by the department OF
agriculture's bureau of crop estimates
basing its calculation upon the cond1-
ton of the crops on july l. 1nolca-
tons are that the wheat crop this
year will be several million bushels
less than it was last year, when for
the first time in the history of the
nation the entire years wheat output
exceeded the billion bushel mark.
some other crops also will be smaller
than they were last year. That is due
principally to a reduction in acreage.
Winter wheat shows a decrease of
1876 per cent in acreage, spring wheat
a reduction of SO per cent; oats, less
than 1 per cent decrease: barley, an
Increase of 40 per cent, and rye, de-
Grease of "A per cent
The foreca SITS, in millions of bushels,
L. e., OOG,00O's omitted, follow:
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1916-07-07
TO RELEASE 1000
Guardsmen With Dependent
Families VIII Get Discharge.
Expected Many Married Men
Will Ignore Privilege.

Washington, July Though hav-
ing no statistics on the number of
guardsmen with dependent families,
war department officials today esti-
mated not more than 1000 men will
be discharged nnderSecretary Bakers
permit to department commanders to
free such men frcm service.
Hundreds of letters asking release
of men with families have reached the
department, but many of these dupli-
cate the case cases. In freeing the
men, the states will give an honorable
discharge and must then recruit 9TH
ers to fill their places.
The vuardsman who wishes to es-
cape service may make affidavit at
any time that his family is in need of
his support and the department COM
mander can free him without other
ceremony or formality.
The war department believes there
will be an extremely large number of
cases where men who have families
will not claim exemption because
there is nest egg tucked away
in the bank or other bread winners in
the family.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1916-07-07
TAXES GO NO HIGHER
County Commissioner Nipps Predicts
Cut if Possible.

There is no chance for lower taxes
in Shawnee county this year. But
Fred Nipps, chairman of the board of
county commissioners, held out the as
surance today that they will be no
higher
'I think I am safe in saying posi-
lively that there will be no increase
in the rate, so far as Shawnee county
is concerned said Mr.. Nipps. 1--WE
will cut it if we can, but that doesn't
appear to be possible right now
Mr. Nipps expressed the opinion,
and was seconded by J. C. Sinner,
that it would be a good thing for the
county commissioners and city COM
missioners to get together and talk
over the tax situation to see if there
might not be some place where reduc-
lions could be made.
The tax rate in Shawnee county,
for the county, last year was $0.27S.
The only new item in last years coun-
ty budget was for the state fair fund.
That called for an additional levy of
$.025. The cornniissi orers will be re-
quired to make a levy for that same
purpose again this year. The otheS
items are the general revenue fund,
the road and bridge fund, the bond,
interest and sinking fund, and the
fund for the support of charitable in
situations.
The tax rate in Topeka last year, in
Guiding city, county and state levies,
was $1,000. This was made up as fol-
lows:
State levy $0.125
Shawnee county levy. ... 027S
City of Topeka levy. 0.S00
Board of education ......... 0.701
Those were the rates of taxation on
each 800 valuation for 1915.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1916-07-07

Mr.. Switzer has been a resident of
Topeka nearly thirty years. He was
q member of the law firm of Wheeler
& 5witzer, organized in 1889. During
a portion of the administration of w.
E. Atchison, Mr.. Switzer was assist
ant county attorney. His failing
health, however, has enabled him to
devote but a portion of his time to the
active practice of law during the last
year.
For a number of years Mr.. Switzer
was a recognized authority on mort
cages and was for several years a lee
turer before the aWshburn law school
on mortgage law. Mr.. Switzer was
born in Eaton, Ohio, October Is, 1862.
He was educated at the Boston Uni
versity Law school and graduated in
1888. His family, composed of his
wife and four children, are with him.
He is attended by DR.. L. H. Mann.