The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-12-22
own forces there preparatory to his

55 .1IIIL WILLIAMSBURG slJAI
own forces there preparatory to h1st
During the days OF the Macedo-
MAN empire the. city played no nota- |
Bile role, for Philip and Alcxande the |
Great held their court at Pella, in the
hills beyond the Vardar. The pres
ent town was founded about 315 b. |
c., by King ESassander of Macedon,
and named after his wife, Thessalon-
Ike, half sister to Alexander the
Great. The adjoining peninsula OF |
Kassandra takes It's name from tho |
king himself, who founded another
city on its shore,
Under the Romans, Sa1onikL grew
greatly in Importance. Made a free
city. the capital OF the surrounding
region, 1t became the home OF many
Roman cnionists. and not a few fe-
nous names associate themselves
with the town. Cicero lived there for
a time IN exile, st. Paul was another
temporary resident. whose epistles to
tho Thessalonlans We still preserve.
The emperor, Nero. decorated the
city With q colonnade, a few Of whose |
battered caryatides were visible there
until a few years ago, under the pic
lAIGSNluS nLIlGt .OL gldS GIlSHIlLhGdB----
the Enchanted Woman. They are
now in the Louvre. TraJan erected
rotunda IN honor or the Cnbiri; for
they, with Aphrodlte Of the Baths,
were patrons; of pagan Salorilsi. Call
erlus, one or the associates Of Do
cletian in the purple, made Salonilll
his headquarters. Ltcinius. co-em-
peror with Constantine the Great.
died or was put to death there in 32A
by his successful rival Thcodosius
the Great alsoltved there, In $50, in
order to keep his eyes on the Goths.
Butchered III Circus.
after his retirement to Milan.
10000 OF the Thessalonians we're
butchered$ in the circus, in punish
Inent for, insulting the emperor's lieu
tenant st. Ambrose. bishop OF SIf-
Ian, Numbered from the pulpit
against the imperial murderer, and
Theodosius eventually made most
fumiliatfng public penance.
During the byzantine period Sa-
lonIki became the second city or the
empire. It's situation made it the \
commercial capital of the Balkan
peninsula, and 1t riya1led CONSTANT
noplc rs a port OF traffic between
eastern Europe and Alexand rra But
its wealth and its comparative re-
moteness also made TT Il frequent OBJ
lect Of attack. Avars, Goths and
Huns came time ana again to it's
gates. The Saracens captured ana
sacked 1t in 904. The Normans de-
scended upon 1t in 1855.
And 1T is not uninterestine 10 re-
call that among the most asstdious OF
these redoubtable isitors were the
Serbs, and especially the Dulgars.
These neighbors owe much to Sa-
loniki, from whom they took their
faith, and incidentally their alpha
bet; for t was from Salontki TINT St.
Cyril and st. Methodius went forth
to convert and to civlIiZe the hardy
mountaineeTs of the Balkans. The
hardy nlountaineers. however. lost
NO opportunity to take more mer-
charitable loot from Salonili, though
die city itself they never took for
long.
After the conquest OF ConstantI-
nople in 1904 by the Tanks and Yene.-
tians Of the Fourth Crusade, Saloni-
ki fell to the lot Of Bonfface, Mar
quis Of Monterferrat, who made it the
capital of an imaginary Kingdom. In
i1222 King Oametrius, son OF Bon1-
face, was driven out with his Lom-
bard MOBILES by a Byzantte prince OF
EPtrus. The ensuing 200 years were
the most unhappy in the troubled his
tory OF the sThessal onians. who were
fought over and banded about by
Greeks, Balgars. Serbs; Galatians,
Venetians and Turks.
Turks in 1890.
The Turks first appeared upon
the scene in 1880 They did not
definitely take possession. however,
until 1885, Then Sultan Mourad II,
father of the conqueror of Constantf-
nople. captured the town from the
INenetians. gavehit over to sack and
massacre, carried off z, 900 Of the IN
habitants into slavery. and changed
many of the churches-lnto mosques or
| tore them down for use in his own
construction. -S3E2 a-t oss.&he 1nargles
of Saloniki were carried as far away
as Adrianople
For nearly 500 years the Turks
remained in undisturbed possession.
! Vet it is perhaps not quite accurate
to describe their possession as undls-
iturhed. for during the latter part of
THAT period the frontiers of the en-
1 pire drew steadily nearer, while to-
ward the end Of 1t Macedonia became
4 the scene Of incessant revolutionary
\ outbreaks.
4 In 1904 the European powers at
h tempted to solve the situation by
.Enlal1ing $Saloniki the seat or an inter
4 national board that administered tile
4 finances Of Macedonia and organized
4 a well-drilled and well-equipped gen
darnerte. This foreign surveillance,
(which threatened to become closer
1 after the historic Real conference Of
4 1908, precipftated the Turkish revo-
Hutton the same year.
The revolution was organized in
SaloniEt and proclaimed there, the
X Official ring-leaders Of the movement
being NSazi Bey and Enver Boy, now
EnXer Pasha. minister OF war and
guiding spirit OF the young Turks. IN
1909 the progress of the revolution
brought about the Reinforcement Of
Abdul Hamid II. who was thereupon
exiled to SalonilSi. Nowhere else In
the empire would it have been more
+, difficult for him to corrupt his keep