davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-06-10
LUNG HOUS AND SPEEDING SYSTEM BLAMED FOR STRIKERS AND

While British NEWSPAPERS have
soundly condemned "slackers' in in
dustry, committee appointed by the
'English government shows that it is
lboth human and logical for men work.
tng long hours and under a speeding
up" system to shirk and slack. The
committee was appointed to consider
the health of war munitions workers
and it reports that efficiency is i'm
possible where working conditions
destroy the vigor and enthusiasm of
employees.
Under wrong conditions of work
with excessive overtime, it is to be ex-
'pected, indeed" says the committee,
that some deliberate Stacking of the
workers might actually give an i'm
tprovement of output over a. period of
some length by sparing wasteful ia
tigue, just as the nursing of boat
crew over part of long course may
Improve their performance"
The Manchester Cotton Factory
Times makes this comment on the
committees findings:
Capacity of Body Limited.
1T all amounts to this, that the ca
pacity of the body for labor is limited,
and it is useless to make drafts upon
energy that is not there. A study Of
s. y
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-06-10
TRAAIME|V'S CAUSE.
HAS MUCH SUPPORT:
Wages Of Locomotive Engineers
Less Than Laborers In Build
ing Trades.

Duluth is taking much interest in
the fight of the trainmen to secure an
elght-hour day. In addition to hav-
ing one of the most hazardous of all
occupations, the trainman has per-
haps the longest hours and his time
is not his own except for a few hours
during the day. His family suffers
because of his absence from home,
and nothing can be planned by the
family ahead because it is not certain
when the husband and father will be
home. The wives of the trainmen are
back of the movement.
Despite the hazard of employment,
the long days, the exposure in bad
weather, and the irregular hours. the
wages of locomotive engineers are
lower than that of building laborers
IN chicago, which compare favorablv
with wages in other cities.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-06-10
TEACHERS ASK AID;
FAVOR DEMOCRACY
q Organization Will Oppose
cratic Educational Sys-'
Jem BY Reactionaries.
URGE COOPERATION IN
MAKING SCHOOL CHANGES
Instructors Must Work In Atmos.
phere Of Freedom To Serve
Community Best.

CHICAGO, June S.-The American
Federation of Teachers, recently
! chartered by the American Fedora
ton of Labor. has issued an appeal
to all national and international un-
ions to assist the teachers in their
organizing campaign. The teachers
say:
Thorough going changes in our
schools will and should come, but
they should be worked out along
democratic lines to meet the needs of
the entire community. And labor can
we'll afford to watch closely the di-
rection and progress of the recon-
struction. For the powerful reaction
ary interests opposed to real democ-
racy are seizing with all their vigor
this tempting opportunity to fasten
more securely upon the children of
this country an autocratic educational
system, designed through an army of
subservient teachers, to turn out a
servile generation inviting exploita-
ton.
To Make Them Aggressive.
I'VE will appreciate your co-opera-
ton in our movement to develop an
aggressive citizenship in the ranks
of the teachers, to democratize the
schools, and thus guard against this
insidious danger threatening the fiber
of our children and the future of
every organized effort for democ-
racy.'
The American Federation of Teach
ers has also issued a message to
Teachers" in which it is stated: "The
teachers are the last line of defense
of popular government.
"A great fight is now going on for
the control of public opinion. The
majority of you read daily only what
the plutocracy wants you to read.
They have bought up the undertaking
magazines and long ago they gained
control of the public press. The plu-
tocracX Is now attempting to gather
in the control Of this nation by con-
trolling the public school system.'
The following is the preamble of
the American Federation of Teach
erS:
Where Schools Have Failed.
I'VE believe that the schools have
failed of their fullest attainment be-
cause of undemocratic administration
adherence to tradition and lack of re-
sponsiveness to the needs of the COM
munity; and that the teachers must
find the remedy, if it is to be found.
I'VE believe that servility breeds
servility, and that if the schools are
to produce free, unafraid men and
women, American citizens of the
highest type, the teachers must live
and work in an atmosphere of free
dom and self-respect.
I'VE believe that the teacher is one
OF the most highly productive of
workers, and that the best interests
of the schools and of the people de-
mand an intimate contact and an ef-
fective cooperation between the
teachers and the other workers of
the community-upon which the fu-
ture of democracy must depend"
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-06-10
HOW YOU CAN BRING; HAPPINESS AND
JOY INTO HOMES OF DULUTH FIREMEN

The tremendous interest being taken by the voters
in the proposed ordinance to wipe the saloons has
practically sideracked other imprant
be voted at the special election to be held Monday
June 10.
There the proposed amendments to the city
charter of which provides the method of hold
ing elections for selecting city commissioners will
require threefifths of all the electors voting at
the election to pass this proposed amendment If the
voters do not the amendment the city will be with
out election system. The matter is important
be neglected by the voters
Then there is the proposed ordinance to adopt the
twopatoon system for city fremen is Of this ordin-
ance that we wish to make special appeal to the
There is no question but that Duluth has the best
fire department Of any city in the United States Fire
losses less here than they in any other city
our size in the country We have the best fire fighting
equipment that money buy it is very rare in
deed for fire to make any headway in the central
portion of the city at least Duluth clean cap
able and active bunch of remen. They are employed
"a hours every day, with IL hours off twice week
to spend with their families
Civil service obtains in the fire department. and
every young who enters the does so with
the purpose of making fire fighting his fes VOCATION
We know any number Of Duluth firemen who have been
in the service from Is to Is years. most of which time
these have been denied the privilege of enjoying
any sort of home life.
Husbands and wives denied the companionship
to mutual happiness Children have been
deprived of the home influence fathers and the
of these have been sacrificed for the public weal
When the city smaller poorer it was not
to be expected that the two platoon system could then
be adopted We have considerably in population
and wealth since the organization of paid fire de-
partment We have acquired valuable property erected
fine fire buildings and procured expensive apparatus
We have gone long way-further than most cities
to afford protection to property from fire.
est beneficiaries of splendid fire department have
been the insurance companies which are receiving large
returns through the money the people expending
maintain the department. Insurance companies not
reduce the rates when the people reduce fire
hazards by the maintenance of efficient fire
ment .-. -. 4
The city has done everything within It's power to
comply with the wishes Of the insurance underwriters
TO minimize the fire risks in this community But the
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-06-10

insurance underwriters interested in men: thew
are interested in saving dollars for the companies they
represent It Is therefore up to the people to saw
whether not the fire department will be made more
efficient by granting better conditions of employment
firemen the only capable making an efficient
department possible.
Every consideration of justice and humanity de-
that the city fireman be permitted have twelve
hours Oft each day. from the service to be devoted
to fheir families the twopatoon system is adopted
will not that fireman be free from call in
OF large confagratton during the time that he is
given to spend with his family. He will be subject to
call at any time when he is off duty
Under the 24-hour system, which now obtains the
ire department is organized for every emergency It
has more than it needs for an ordinary call Inder
the two-patoon system 1t will be necessary to have
only sufficient number of duty to take care
Oh ordinary calls and in the event of large con-
flagration the entire force could be summoned
F1remen state that if the two-platoon system is
adopted the city will be obliged to employ one-thrd
more firemen than now engaged So at a time of
large fire the city will have fighting force one
third larger and full twice more efficient to meet anv
kind of emergency.
me employment of one-third firemen will in
crease the cost of operating the fire department u
mately by about $25 900 year. AS the ordinance will,
not be effective until January l. 1916 the commits
soners are given ample time to provisions to raise
the revenue to meet this additional expense
When we take the expenditures of the CITY as
"uoio anu analyze closely how they made it will
De round that 1T will not require very much economy
here and there to take other funds sufficient ~
increase the fire department appropriation by
II the people pass ordinance "A,' which is the Or
d1nance to provide for the twopatoon system the
m1ssoners will find way to raise the revenue to pay
wages OF the additional fireman to be employed OF
this there is question.
The Labor World circulates largely among the work.
ing classes; the who believe in tho eight
nou1 "orkday. Surely these will appreciate the
modest claims of the city fremen and will vote to
adopf this ordinance Every workingman voter in Dill
lotn land every other voter who believes that the city
snouta Do model employer Ii appased to and urged
to vote in favor of ordinances "a" Bv doinp 90 -
Will ering more sunshine and happiness and 10y into
earts and homes Of Duluth tieen and their fan1-
les Let every Duluth voter his duty by the fremen
at the special election to be held Monday June 49,
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-06-10
STATE FUNDS WILL
AID HOME BUYERS !
Massachusetts, Votes Funds and
Credits of Commonwealth
Shall Help Buy Homes.
LABOR UNIONS SECURE
PASSAGE OF AMENDMENT
Homestead Commission Will Give
Invaluable Assistance to
Working Glasses.

The commonwealth of Massachu-
setts is going into the home-building
business. BY an overwhelming ma
jority, perhaps the largest ever given
to successful referendum in that
state. the citizens have voted that the
funds and credit of the commonwealth
shall be advanced to those wanting
homes Of their own. With compul-
sorry city planning on the one hand
and state housing on the other, Massa-
chusetts is now in fair way to find
out whether measures that have
shown their constructive usefulness
abroad will work in the individualistic
atmoshpere of this country.
The homestead amendment to the
Massachusetts constitution makes pos
sible various forms of public assist
ance to wdrking people seeking to ac-
quire wholesome suburban homes for
their families. Three years ag such
work was declared unconstitutional
in Massachusetts. BY overwhelming
majorities the legislature approved the
amendment, which read as follows:
'The general court shall have power
to authorize cities and towns to take
land and to hold, improve. subdivide,
build upon and sell the same, for the
purpose Of relieving congestion of
population and providing homes for
citizens; provided, hwever, that this
amendment shall not be deemed to
authorize the sale Of such land or
buildings at less than the cost there
Of"
Labor Bodies Help.
Labor organizations were largely
instrumental in the approval of the
amendment. !.- e-~~--.-.--.
The merits claimed for. the measure
are many. It has become practically
impossible for: the workingmen earn
Ing from .$12 to $40 a week to own or
rent suitable home for himself and
a growing family in the large cities
and towns. Homestead legislation
promises to provide a home, at cost
and on terms which he can meet, with
sufficient light and air. sanitation.
good conditions for children and q
garden for both play and profit. The
state will provide these on the theory
that they are essential to the health
and growth of its citizenship
Coupled with the establishment of
good environment for as many citi-
zens as possible, homestead legislation
also proposes to promote agriculture
and seeks to provide. an opportunity to
get back to the, soiL;:s..:@ .:@
The plans of the homestead COM
mission, which will administer the
measure, are announced not to include
radical or wholesale procedure. AL
though state aid to housing has
proved very successful abroad, the
commission realizes that it must move
slowly and carefully in inaugurating
the first undertaking Of this kind in
the United States. The commission,
as such, took no stand for the amend
ment because it felt that the powers
of state-created body do not include
the offering of recommendations look
ing toward the alteration of the fun
damental law.
Promote Agriculture.
The commission is expected to give
agricultural instruction to the families
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-06-10
BIG FIRM DOES AWAY
WITH TAYLOR SYSTEM

BOSTON, June S.-The Reece
Buttonhole Machine company has
reached an agreement with it's 400
striking employees. a so-called "ef-
ficiency" system is abandoned. the
elght-hou- day granted, and wages
are increased. Time and one-half
will be paid for overtime and double
time for Sundays and holidavs
Arnltration provisions are also agreed
to in the contract.
Ihese workers are mostly machin-
ISIS. They were unorganized when
they struck, but returned to work as
members M of Machinists' union No.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-06-10
r. r. s SON TO EARN $6
A WEEK AS WOOL SORTER

BOSTON, June s.-Archie Roose-
welt, son Of Col. Roosevelt, will be-
come a wool sorter at $6 week this
summer, following his graduation at
Harvard.
Archie has chosen a job similar to
the one held down by his elder
brother, Theodore jr. in which he
will learn all branches of the carpet
making trade.
After his graduation he will take a
short rest at Oyster Bay and then 60
to Clinton, Mass, to take up his work
in the factory of the Bigelow Hart
ford Carpet company.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-06-10
Want Shorter Hours.

Toledo, Ohio, June 8.-Waitresses'
union has prepared a new wage scale
which includes the nine-hour day, a
weekly increase of 81 and minimum
rate Of So a week.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-06-10

The intelligent, common sense
workingmen prefer to deal with the
problems of today, with which they
must contend if they want to make
advancements, rather than to deal
with q picture or dream.-Gom.
pers.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-06-10

Continued on Page 2.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-08-09
FIGHTING JERSEY ClTYS
 EMBARGO ON EXPLOSIVES
Action in Federal Court to Prevent
 Its Enforcement.

Trenton, N. J., August S-Jersey City's embargo on shipment and sJOr- Sge of high explosives was attacked in the federal court today by the agency of the Canadian Car and Foundry, Ltd, in a suit to restrain the Jersey City commission from interfering with -hc Delaware, LackaWanna and Western Railroad company accepting munitions at it's piers.
 Federal Judge Pellstab will hear ar gument on the application for 9 pre- Iiminary iniuctiOn next Thursday. Ac- ton of Jersey City authorities iE com polling the railroad to unload a car of explosives shipped by the Canadian company from Kingsland, N. J., is the basis for the court action today. The proceedings are directed against the five city commissioners of Jersey City.
 Under a contract with the Russian government the intuition factory is obliged to deliver daily 750,000 partly loaded shrapnel and high explosive shells at Gravesend Bay during Au- gust. The contract is for $13,000000 and provides a penalty of one per cent for every weeks delay in delivery. Over $,Co0,000 of the contract has been completed and the company has been held up in shipments by the Jersey Cjty officials as the outcome Of -he 1,a, cnt explosion 2t Black Tom. The complaint charges that there is 10 New Jersey statute to prohibit the shipments and that the rulings of the interstate commerce commission leg aliza such shipments. The suit will act as Q, test case for the other rail roads.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-08-09
STORM PUTS TELEPHONES
 OUT OF COMMISSION
Lightning Blew Out Fuse in American
 Thread Co.

The first electrical storm of the month of August came yesterday and although not as bad as the one that preceded it, 1t was fe [ to some ex- tent in this city. Tuesday night the local telephone office reported that sixty five lines were out of order the most of them being lines that go into the country. It is not known how many telephones are out of order but the number will extend up into the about enough time to get the lines back in order when along comes an other storm and puts them back where they were before. This has caused some discouragement among the men that have to do the work.
 On the Willimantic and Norwich division of the trolley lines. the cars coming into the city after the storm were very late. The time was made up during the evening to some extent
 The electric lights Of the city were out for a time during the shower but they were soon in use after the trou- b e was located. Some Of the con- Cerns that run their machines by electric power were in doubt whether they could keep on with their work or not. In most cases the only loss suffered was in the loss of time to the wOrknen.
 The lightning managed to blow out 9 fuse in the power plant of the Amer tCau Thread company about five o'clock causing the lights to go out in number six mi l. The employees were dismissed as it was impossible to go on with the work on account of the darkness. There was no damage done and the loss of time was only one hour
Norwich bulletin., 1916-08-09
LONDON CHRONICLES
 SUCCESS OF ALLIES
Tells Of Recent Surprising Success of
 the italians.

London, Aug. 8, 11.0S D. m.-Before the echoes have died the mutual con- gTatUlatiOns of the allied sovereign ties, statesmen and gentlemen on the suspicious opening of the third year. of the war, comes news Of furtheTt Russian success and @ splendid vic. tory for the Italian armies. The sur prising success of the Italians, who m two days have captured 10000 priS-. OneTs, suggest that i'll addition to, transferring General Koevess, an able Austrian general from the Trentino front to GaliCia and the Austrians al- SO ventured to transfer troops from the IsonzO to the Russian front in an endeavor to stem the Russian ad- vance
 Gen. Caderona's victory has caused in London great rejoicing as one of the most promising successes in the new allied operations and a demon stratiOn Of the constantly growing power of the allied offensive on all fronts. Russia's new victories south of the Dnister and southwest of the Stanislau-KOlOn6a railway afford equal satisfaction, and the prompt ad- mission in the Berlin official statement of the retirement of the Austro- Ger here to indicate that the Russian vic tory in this quarter is weirhtier than announced in the Russian official des- patch. According to an unofficial re- port, the evacuation of Lemberg, the Galician capitol, has already been or dered.
 Tn the meantime a new combined offensive by the allies has begun on the western front. which is expected to lead to the sevarest fighting. Gull lemont, around which heavy, fighting is now in progress, is one Of the strong positions in the German second sys- tenn of defense and will doubtless be defended by the Germans, as was Po- zieres with the utmost stu1bborness.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-08-09

ing agreement which was published in this paper Monday, Aug. ', 1916:
 l will says that said statement WaS false. have never agreed to put $1z5 in the Plainfeld National bank and the same amount to bo covered by Frank CongaO1- and Daniel Brown that the said Frank Congdon cannot Iif5 19G pounds in tWo-hand lift above. head, and l never have agreed that such a lift with me and Congdon Aug. 10, 1916, as was stated by this paper, and will say I positively will not be there on said date.
 l hereby forbid all persons to use
 my name to influence any person into any theatre building or any other public places without my consent.
 There has been considerable said ir regard to the Great Bartello, Frank COngdOn and myself in lifting heavy weights. BaFtello declared that my feats of strength were nothing to
 boast of, and informed the public that he was the strongest man, so I offered to lift in Q contest to denote the strongest man and offered him my practicing weights to lift on to show me that he could toss them up, but he refused to try them, so l thought il might be little heavy for him as 6
 starter, so offered him a little dumb
 bell weighing only 200 pounds to start 0 contest with, but BartelIO would not lift, so l claim to be the strongest man in putting us1 a two-hand lift. l have many heavy lifts that l Iifs for my own amusement and I have never been outlifted by anyone yet and # there is any strong men that would like to try my heavy lifts would like to have them call on mo and try them. I win bar none, big CT little, tall or short, for it is a man fOr-man contest, and the man that
 puts up the most weight at arms length overhead, as high as he can reach with his own bodily strength, aa performed by ne, is the strongest man and through my method have accOm plt&hed many pounds moro than any other man has ever accomplished tha' ! know about at the present time and if anyone doubts me they may bring the strongest man that they possibly can find and I will show them how tl handle many pounds more than thei. strong man can ha1dle.
 ELMER c. BITGOOD. P1ainfeld, Ct, Aug. Sth, 1916.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-08-09
W7ILLIMANT7IC

lowed to enter the town, but children under that age living in Windham will be allowed to return to their homes providing that they havea certificate of health from the place they have been visiting. The notice reads as follows:
 Order of the health officer of the town of Winoham:
 All children under the age of sixteen (16) years are forbidden to enter the town of Windham
 Children residing in Wtndham and who are temporarily absent are not bring a health certificate from the place where they have been tempora- rily residing.
 Signed and dated this 8th day of August.
 FREDERICK E. WILCOX M. D., Health Officer of the Town of Wind
 ham.
 Mayor Dunn and City Health Officer Jenkins are u cooperate with the town authorities in the exclusion mea SureS