davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-02-26

would naturally be substituted IN
place Of the corn. and these. togeth-
er with Sudan grass. would furnish
forage. These same general principles
apply to tobacco territory and rice
Territory"
To put this program into effect. two
|susgsstions- are made to the bankers
and merchants in the cotton States:
(1) That they conduct q campaign
for q change in the conditions OH
which orsditSs extended to farmers.
10 that safe farming may be- fos-
tered and not discouraged.
CD TO carry on an organised cam
paign for marketing surplus products
a. near home ~ possible. In one case
In Louisiana g. farmer had q carload
Of lespedesa hay. He had din: Guilty
m disposing Of II, but finally through
the medium Of the county agent, he
sold 1t in town 10 miles away to q
livery stable keeper who had been IN
the habit OF buying ell his hay in
Kansas and Colorado. n 2 q
In south Carolina about ayear ago
. carload of hSgs had 70 be sent "a
kichmond or Baltimore to be market.
Cd. although s3o.ooo.oeo worth oa
pork products were being brought
into the State every year. Such con.
ditions encourage farmers to persist ir
the hasardous plan Of risking every
thing upon one crop. "safe farming
may be best promoted by giving to 4
nnancial credit and better marketing
facilities
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-02-26
Nary Trees Treated.

During 1916 the demonstration
agents Of Clemson College and the
United States Department of Agri-
culture did more horticultural work
for farmers than ever before. On
the farms Of men who were carry
Ing on orchard work under their
directions. the county agents pruned
and sprayed 65,4s6 fruit trees, most
OF these being peach,
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-02-26
FRUIT GROWERS CHEERED.

Florence. Feb. 23.-The recent visi,
OF Prof. Nivens. Of Clemson to, thil
county. In the interest Of the fruit
growers seems to have resulted Il
cheering UP some Of them, and con.
vtncing others that they can make
good II: they start over. Prof. Niven,
showed several farmers how to prune
their trees. and he did q great. deal o1
the pruning himself. He found severa,
really model orchards in this vicinity
Most OF them. however. he found had
been very sadly neglected. and he told
the farmers that they had best let the
trees grow that year and start over
He found most Of them too old and too
badly diseased to try to save them by
spraying, and too far gone In their
own way to prune. It. is the desire OF
the representatives Of this work to
have one model orchard, II possible, In
every community. 80 that the farmers
can learn how to care for their trees,
and Mr.. McLendon has secured the
cooperation Of a number Of growers
In this way. There are at least three
model orchards near Florence, and he
has secured the cooperation OF the
Tans Bay school, and in that way he
ic working out into the county in. this
fruit tree culture. Three model or
chards here are said to be. those, of
Thomas H. Harllee. Jr.. j. J. Jennings
and the Pee Dee. experiment station.
There are others that are good. but
these are selected as models. ~
Full directions will be given all
In all matters relating to the
care Of their trees and fighting disease.
most Of which disease is easy to con-
troll II taken In time. Mr.. Harllee Is
said not to have lost crop OF peaches
IN Ave years. and he gladly assists any
farmer in this work along with tile
county agent. and so does Mr.. Currin
and Mr.. Jennings.
A number Of new trees have been
ordered from Clemson through the
county agent. farmers being surprised
% know that they can get the very
pest trees from the college at 3 cents
apiece. A number Of young orchards
rave been set out in the county and
he authorities agree that this section
. peculiarly suited to fruit culture,
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-02-26

: Censor, College Feb 22.-Tres
pruning is work that must sbs, tfena
before4 spring arrives with Ats lifs.;
|reviving effect. on. trees as: after ethAt
the. wood will be no lonssrs Dormant
and severe pruning may, result ), IN 100.
|raous injury. Thersfore, farmers, ,in.
this state who, have not. attended 10
their Z pruning are advised 10 Get
busy with it NOW. + u say.5. l;t.ss,.
|, An expert Of the United States
Department Of ;Agracultnee sumnaar.
ises the principal objects, ,of, orchard
pruning az: follows:, ~. ~,
!. /. To modify the visor OF sthe tree.
s Q. 10 keep the tree shapeiy, ana
within bounds - d, y q, =:
!. ;.s To make, the tree more stocky.k.
!; ~. To open the, tree top; so an ! to
Adnit air and. sunshins... =: : =. s:s .:t Z.
s.; To: reduce the struggle for ex. :
istsnce in the tree Stop. g%;[c's'.t. =. =.
ie.s TO remove dead or. interfering
branches. sgs.s, - IS ,: =. 90,
- no. aid! in stimulating the de-.
velopment' OF fruit: buds. - = = r.. -.
8. To thin the fruit, -, ,.&|...t
.: ITO make thorough q spraying !
:. -" ~. - 4
J no. To facilitate the >harvsstialsl |,
Of the. fruit - ..l 49,, - .ri.y ~
7 The horticultural! 7 I, Division: of !;
Clemson College will answer any
questions about pruning that South
Carolina farmers wish to ask.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-02-26
SIGNS MCCORMICK COUNTY: ACT
Supreme Court 70 Rule ON Degality Of
Ecctaon-3&easuro- Provides- for
I County Uomrndssi6n. ,'~ -,

f Columbia, Feb. 26.-Carrytnx the
provision that the: act shall not 90
into effect until after! q favorable d.
cision by. the supreme court In thelap.
peal FROM the deeisioni Of tho State
board; Of oanvaasers, the act to- e.
tabhsh Mccormick county has been
signed BY: Gov. Manning. t. iss furth-
er provided that the act shall not be
construed a. affecting any question be-
fore the supreme court.
|. Mccormick county, a. proposed. 10
situated along the banks Of the Ea-
yannah river. and was formed, from
parts OF Greenwood, Abbeyillees and
Edgefeld counties; The county - at
Etached to the Third congressional. dis
trict, consisting Of Abheville, Green
wood. Anderson, Bickens and Oconee,
and to- the Eleventh Judicial Il circuit
consisting OF saluda, EdseAsld ana
Lexington. - - '.,,. iS
The new county will be entitled TO
one representative and one senator.
Abbeville county which is now; repre-
sented by. three men in, the lower
house. will. hereafter be represented
by two; the other counties remain the
same. ~ f-,.E.r.i,
I The act creates the following board
Of commissioners: J. e. Britt T. ].
Price. J. T. Fooche, J. b. Harmon, r.
F. Morris, J. c. Kennedy. L. N: Cham
berlain. Warren Mcdaniel and w. r.
Parks. The pr eliminary requisites for
the formation Of the new county. the
matter Of government. ETC.. are placed
in the hands Of this body. II the pend.
ing suit is favorably decided !: by the.
supreme court there. will, be a special
election April. IL. 1916. when. county,
officers will be elected. until the results
OF the general election in November
have been affirmed. x, J. -
The governor Is authorised TO-, ap.
point a. special commission OF seven
members. one each from Edsst,eld.:
Abbeville. Greenwood counties, two;
from Mccormick county and, two from
other counties. who shall divide and.
apportion between the new county and
the old counties the present lawful
and bona fide Indebtedness Of the old
-
The county will have seven town.
ships.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-02-26

Ono of tho most important OF
farm implements 10 sadly; neglected on
many South Carolina farms. It can
be bought for five cents or less. Yet
an intelligent use Of 1t can save q
farmer hundreds OF dollars. Use of
1t will in many cases turn an unprof.
table farm into a profitable one or
will increase the profits where some
are already being made. This mar
veious farm implement is the com-
mon lead pencil. Most farmers do
too little figuring for their ow
5000. =.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-02-26
Ammonia and Nitrogen.

Frequently the nitrogen content OF
a fertilizer Is expressed in terms OF
ammonia. which sounds larger. Am
monia contains fourteen parts OF nj
trogen and three parts Of hydrogen.
In other words, ammonia ia four
teen n-seventeenths nitrogen and a nj
trogen content given in terms OF am
monia can be reduced to nitrogen by
multiplying the tiSure by fourteen.
seventeenths,
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-02-26
HISTORIC HOUSE BURNED.

Richmond. Va. Feb. 23.-"Dund.
ora a home built near Monticello, by
Thomas jefferson. for his nepbew
Peter Jefferson Car. and latterly oc-
oupied by the family OF the late John
y. Moon. was destroyed by fire at an
early hour this morning. The cause
OF the blanc is not known.
Mrs. Belle Maury and Misses Esther.
Mary. sallis, Agnes and Ann Moon
members OF the family who occu-
pied the house. escaped with only
their clothing.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-02-26
CANNING AND SANITATION.
Abroaute Cleanliness Required By Club
DemcAstrksoHs Serve a object Les
! son "a EnaAre Household.

= NothinG sdauAnn nnsGratss the value Of
homo sanitation In more practical
way than the home canning OF fruits
and vegetables. according to the DEM
bnstration ISgenes OF tie department
OF agriculture and state colleges who
ara working with the girls canning
clubs In the south. The first step In
every. canning demonstration IL to
make certain that the kitchen ana all
utensils are absolutely clean and that
the product TO be- canned 10 in sound,
wholesome condition. The next step
|is to steriliss thoroughly utensils,
fruit. and cans ana Jars as heat ana
cleanliness are the only preserving
elements allowed. In teaching the
why and Wherefore" Of heat and
cleanliness Nm 'canning. the demon
stratcrs are able to give the sirls. in
b siraRls way. practical knowledge of
the effects Of bacteria and molds and
to make them realize that ART 10 syn-
onymous with these destructive
.gsrms.' The sui who nsslscts 70
take these things into account soon
gets q serious object lesson In a spoil
"a batch Of canned vegetables. Fol.
lowing such demonstrations it II far
easier TO get families to adopt sani-
tary measures with milk. water, and
other foods than when the general
subject OF sanitation II attacked d.
rectly or in an abstract way. n,
In their campaigns against the
house fiy. the county agents Ia
South have found that inducing the
children to make 4 homs-constructed
nytrap II far more effective than liter
ature or general discussion OF the dan
ser from these typhoid carrtsrx once
the family lnStalls such Z trap ana
sees that II is catching hundreds ana
thousands OF these dirty insects right
where their food IL prspaped, they
are rsady4t to coissider further pre-
ventivs msasurss such a. the destrac-
tion Of the larvae OF flies In the man.
urs hsapA Nt Is then not difficult to
induce them to screen their doors and
windows. and to continue the use OF
nytrnps 70 catch the few fiies that get
IN In spite Of screens. Willingness TO
exercise the greatest care in the dis
position Of garbage and Nth. and es-
peoially to prevent fiies from passing
from stables and outhouses into the
house. follows logically.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-02-26
DISPOSAL OF DEAD ANIMALS.
Burying or Burning All Carcasses
WIN Reduce Spread Of infectious
Diseases.

Often when animals die on the farm
no disposal is made Of their cArcasses
other than to drag them into q field
or a nearby woods, where they are
left on the surface Of the ground to
decompose,or to beeeaten by buzzards,
crows. dogs. and other scavengers, or
animals which feed on carrion.
This practice can not be too Sc.
verely condemned. because it con-
tributes seriously to the dissemination
Of disease germs and the perpetuation
Of infectious diseases.
The carcasses Of animals which
have succumbed to infectious diseases
like anthrax, hog cholera, blackleg,
tuberculosis, etc.. arc charged with
myriads Of Wrulent disease germs, and
Just "a long as they ss remain where
scavsngers can reach. them and por-
ttons Of them can be carried away
promiscuously. they are q dangerous
meance over large territory to all
animals which are liable to be at
tackled By disease germs Even car
|cassss of. AnimalaI which have died
from other causes than infectious dis
eases, unless they are disposed Of in
q proper way. are q source Of danger
Left on the surface Of the ground
their odorr soon invites scavengers to
congregate and to bring with them
the infectious material with which
they may have become contaminated
BY eating carrion elsewhere.
Dead antrnals onhths farm should
be buried deep enough to- prevsn,
them from being dug up again, o,
they should be burned. TO burn large
carcassss like those Of dead horse.
and cattle Ii difiicult and laboriou,
and requires. large quantity o,
fuel IN most instances 1t is NOR.
economical to bury them. All ami
mails which have died Of infection,
diseasss ana. are buried should b,
tcovered with a heavy layer OF lin,
before the graves are closed. ."
In the winter. when the ground 4
froten. ~ 70 more dihacults to dil
graves than at other seasons, Of tn,
year. but II IL just In cold weathe
that disease germs remain alive an,
viruient longest In dead organic mat
ter and that scavengers travel tn,
longest distance. have the best appe
ltites. and are most likely to carry dis
lease Gsflis ON ana Tin their bodies
'lTheE extra troublS or digging grave
in the winter 10 easily offset by tn
greater danger It counteracts. Low
itempsrsthre prevents the muitipiica
ltion ctsdiseass germs. but many kind
of disease. ssrms .ars4 not killed or de
lprivsd Ut their psrnicious possibilities
by exposure. 70 q. lower temperatur
than the lowest reached during 81
icy. arctic winter. =
I, Evesywhere farmers not only shoul,
Iattend to the proper and safe disposa
LOT the bodies Of their own animal
which unfortunately die, but the,
should insist on the proper disposal o
the bodies Of all animals which d.
|anywhere in the regions In which thei
farms are located.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-02-26

The fact that the steamer West.
burn has among the prisoners on
board men from the British steamer
Clan MacTavish, which was sunk after
an exciting battle with the German
raider Moewe OF the coast OF Africa
IN January seemingly would indicate
that the Flamenco. Horace. Edinburgh
And Luxembourg had met a. similar
fate. The Moewe. which captured the
British South African liner Appam.
which was later taken into Hampton
Roads by a German prize crew, IN ad.
dition to .disposing Of the Can Mac.
lavish, destroyed ak other steamera
the corbridge. which probably u the
Cambridge referred to in the London
dispatch. Trader. Author. AriaAns,
Drumonby and Farrinford.
=. The Luxsmboufg~ anA the iElamsnco-
are the iargest Of the.vasss3s snsntion.
ed In the Londen- dispAtchs Both OF
them carry passengers. The Eiamsn.
co. which belongs to the Pacific steam
Navigation ,company, was 500 tons
and the Luxembourg: owned By the
Pslsium National .TnensportAtion eom-
peny' Of Antwsrp;. displaced 4ssS3
Gross, tons. The Horace, ,swas os,sss.-
sSs tons and beionssd TO the liver
pool. Brasil. q River Platte etsAm
Navigation company The corbridss
y: owned {bys the corbridse Steam
ship company, Of cardin and was OF
s.sss tons.. ~. 4 s:.s.s;, 49,. 80.
The Edinburgh was q bark Of i.l7s
tons Her home port WAS London. :,
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-02-26

- Tat Means Real Dlversiaca-
and Freedom from tho Risks Of
csop Agriculture.


and Freedom from tho Risks Of
rcsop Agriculture.
~ objections to q one-crop sys-
asriculturs are set forth In
M No. Sc Of the office OF the Sec
which b . reprint OF an ad-
4elivsred by Bradford Knapp At
>forence OF southern bankers.
easons why . one-crop system is
y Are stated by Mr.. Knapp to be
Dowu:
NJ Because the system depends
uaxkst and crop conditions Of
~ crop alone. Failure Of crop
llurs Of market alike bring Sc
1hsAsesr. ~
6ond- Because II does not pro-
zor the maintenance Of soil fer
o1rd Because II fails to provide
gn0essnt live stocxs industry to
- the waste products Of, the
And' make ~ waste lands pro-
~.
eetn. Bscause II does not pro-
~ = systsm Of farm manage
Qndee which labor. teama and
~ be ussd to the fullest ad-
-. q
~ Because Il brings return
but once . year instead Of
ne money over moro than
yoor. I,
~ Because II does not produce
epnasy foods to supply the
Mon NE farm and keep them
- ana strength.
nep. u iimits 'knowledgG mar.
- Rnships and 'de<s noe 1ubtss
rlDdinG ~" doss snce'asage
- ntmfng:". i,,paA,Sss, /, y,
nety TOR those evils is diver
-. ptvSssifcation. however
eemsthtag s,se than . chanss
Pouing cotton 20 srowtnf isons.
go One Louisiana man, who
~ that he was q convert to al.
Ak,ea. planted 500 acres of to.
In other instancss farmer.
nom cotton 70 corn and had
~ elSc for sals IN the fan. This
~. !, not dlvsrsincation It all
M = defsned in the new circu.
agricultural system through
tns living OF the people upor
~ = nrst produced ana then
- of products suited to the sol
nsee. and tho msrker condition
eeuntry are judiciously selccte,
~ ths main items or proa
- nls IN the great markets 0
~ 0SWo1o RooPm4 IN rnfuO IN
~ for rsaintainins the fertil
4 ~ sosl. s.
q - -aDas>lsally a. same thin,
l6snihG" The essentials 10
- nd1sats IN the South are state,
cuoe ct9fe 7''r y sns fsf Sy
"a no1ne earden for every fam
~ 1uo<hSp From oue-tenth osraI
~ - on0.b .b6utkA.s orr one.hais Il
l''loeased. well stiIlsd, ant
~ 6eref6lly al any otKef t.fo,
~ 061R. - what ~ mean b; ,
CAsds1z 10 must - psanted /,
|s11ss f'sy ss Ia. nave continuo10,
~ mus providins so,nethins "a,
fsmiiy table az many Say, IN N,
Irsu'f, pbess6>s. 81 TO th,s shou,d b,
- onssGS~Ithr'os IN ,iscrs, Of p<,ta
X 49, us1rsuel .sr sw,st pot.tos. = :,
c6fSc. - - food s6r tbs :. ~,
\ ! 4 - ~ ,3os,sh,,,y a. c.rD,
~ reoG4csa 70 supply tho fam.
oIfupS Oh the subject o
~ huaIstins may be obta,re<
~ a1rsculturnl oollesss AND
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-02-26

Take Sock Of Everything Before Crop
Season Begins and Also When It IL
Over.

Clemson College. Feb. 22.-One Of
the fret, steps. toward finding leaks;
and increasing profits on the. farm IL
to take, an inventory Of 4ail property:
included ia the farmstead. such az
land, buildings. stock, equipment,
feedstuffs. etc. This IL q good time
to make such an inventory in South
Carolina and another inventory should
be made at the close OF the cropping
year, and compared with the one TAX.
en- now. 49,"
Use an ordinary composition book,
giving each subject q page to itself;
this is, a page to farm implements,
one to cattle, etc. Inventory each
class In detail first. Then ut the end
Of this detail inventory make q sum-
mary for. the whole farm. In ruling
on the, pages for an inventory, leave
a column in which may be placed the
values at the end Of the cropping year.
in order that comparison for the
year may be easily made. ~
In deciding on the value Of things.
allow for annual depreciation as
follows: in buildings. per cent: in
machinery. 10 per cent; in horses
more than Ave years old, 10 per cent:
in cows, 8 per cent. ...
The. following headings are sug.
gested for the inventory:
Land,
Farm buildings.
J Household goods,
/ Farm implements and veliiclss
l Fertilizers including manure.
Horses and mules,
Cattle,
Hogs, - ::
Sheep.
1 Poultry.
Cotton,
Grain,
Hay.
Hay, ~ -.
Miscellaneous feedstuffA
Cash on hand and In bank,
l. Paid up life insurance.
IL Nnnnrr As,~ a~,~,,s I 2 . - 80
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-02-26
MtscellAneotiss 3eedstuffA : :.
Cash on hand and in bank.
Paid up life insurance,

1t such an inventory ise made at
regular Intervals and ~ fromi the
total value IL subtracted the total
amount owing, farmer will always
have an accurate idea Of the net
worth Of his holdings.-Extension
Division, Clemson Agricultural Col.
le1s. G,. ...y't,,''aFf'''' -
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-02-26
ANOTHER PRIZE TikfE,
BRITISH STEAMER WESTBURN I'M
GERMAN HANDS.
TWO Hundred Prisoners Taken From
Other Ships Captured by Moewe on
the Vessel, Which Stops at Santa
+ Cru5 for Repairs. -

London. Feb. 23.-A dispatch re.
ceived from Santa Cruz, Tenerifre
Canary islands) says the British
steamer Westburn has put in there
for repairs flying the German flag ana
with prize crew Of seven men ane
one officer. The officer Is believed to
belong to the German raider Moewe.
In addition to her own crew there
are zoe prisoners taken from variou.
British vessels in the .Westburn. The
Westburn left Liverpool January q
for. Buenos Ayres. rs,
The Wsstburn iss q vessel OF $500
tons. Z she WAS built in, 1893 and il
owned b. J. Westall OF Sunderland.
The prisoners on board came from
the British steamers Flamenco, Hor.
ace, Clan MacTavish and Cambridge.
the British bark Edinburgh and the
Belgian steamer Luxembourg.
The Westburh after her departure
from Liverpool was last reported a.
passing st. Vincent, Cape Verde. Feb
ruary 4. The Flamenco left Newport,
England. for Valparaiso January 81
andth Horace left Buenos Ayres JAM
uary rs for Liverpool. The Luxem-
bourg was on voyage from Newport
for the South American port January
-. The bark Edinburgh sailed from
Ratoon. India. seutembert - for Iav-
erpool. The Luxembourg and the
Flamenco had been placed on the
overdue list. e, H. a.
The Cambridge can not be identi.
fed.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-02-26

tnoD0- o1uosI' ofotAo COM
~ the ssiI IN winter And provide
- srssins Tor 'nws sstook.s y az
~ rrso1t&t ~ NY ana ifoiass
- nsoseasy istss supply the live
- % ne farm for one year, not
D>0ng ne winter ana Summer ie-i
pe@ wh5sh noe only produce hay
~ 49, snfisAsshs soil. .S .h. t,a
49,. Produce Tho necessary meat
- ~ fsmiit by Increased attentiof.
y pouisry and hogs say pouitr5,
~ hbgt becxuse they can be increas-
1'usJet rspidiy r6r msas production.
|1en farmers should plan graduaiiy
, luctGihhss. and improve through
Epodsns. 'tHis cattys . and othos i've
49,. % ~ 70 consume the otherwise
@aespreeucts ana maks our un,ron.
49, - sptiilAb,s lands productive.
~ family should have at least
~ cows. % that one can be In milk
y tne tins. We siIouid set some
70 which 20 work. For q
|~Aae farmer not isss than one and
|eefssh6sy sw6 cows: not less than
~ ana possibiy two sows: not less
lAa fse xSnsI prscss4bfy So A
(ndard for the sssaIl.owhes farmer
|ee1d, ~ ~ isss than two mink COWS.
- - than two sows. and not ieas
- % And preferably 100 hons. All
49, sscck should bs we'll tended.
- fsd. ssd properly bred.
r. When the living has been pro-
- ssOw cotton for the main mon
eroD 4 have endsavored to lay |
'wN stnsrxl principles rather than |
epeeify particular crops. For ex-
10>ss IN ssmiarid sections OF Texas
~ OkIahoma the grain sorghums
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-12-09
ASK FOR BOND
ISSUE TUESDAY

y =.
With 2100 names on the petition and
more signatures expected, the board
of supervisors will be asked Tuesday
evening to eall.a special election for
bond issue for sewers and water.
The number already signed is ap-
proximately .one-third of the total vote
of the last bond election, Harry Muir
ray says, and asIH is estimated that
not more than 40e0 VIII vote at the
special election, tits over so per cent,
or enough to assure that the public
really wants the election
While nearly all of the supervisors
are willing to call the special cleo
ton if it is evident that the people
want it, there is "a question in their
minds whether it would not be better
to wait and see what the legislature
will do about raising the taxes to care
for the improvements.