davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1916-03-03
No. 26

AraSOn, Catalonia, and Valencia to
furnish him $4,000 sueldos in sub
sides, and three years later the ad-
ditional sum of 10000 sueldos.
Aragon with Catalonia and Valen-
cia were more sparseily inhabited
by Jews than CASTLE. The largest
congregations there were in Tor
tosa, Corona, Barcelona, Valencia,
Saragossa, and Lerida. ~
How could the Jews stand this
enormous drain upon their resource
es? What was the source of their
financial strength? They were en-
gagged in all the varied industries of.
the land; in fact, they and the
Moors were the only ones SO en-
gagged. The Christian Spaniard
considered it beneath his dignity to
be employed at some handicraft or
trade. The Jews were extensive
agriculturists and viticulturists,
drawing great wealth from the soil
by dint Of industry combined with
scientific knowledge. But the great
est source of their wealth and in
fluence was their money business
for they were the great masters of
finance in those days, and their fl
nancial operations were indispensa-
lDle to all. Kings, mobiles, clergy
and farmer 11xxox,c F,,o@,
cial straits, and forced to obtain
money from the Jews at 20 -25%
interest. The dire and pressing ne
cessity Of meeting the heavy obliga-
tons of taxes and tributes levied
upon them, and the narrow church
doctrine that prohibited Christians
from loaning money on interest,
were the circumstances that forced
the Jews into this pursuit. The
Jews were thus used by the rulers
as sponges. They were allowed to
absorb as much Of the capital Of the
country as possible to be squeezed
out at regular intervals by any one
who had the power. They often
had to make compulsory loans of
large sums to kings and mobiles. But
not only was their money taken
from them but their ability as fl
nanciers was also used by the ru1-
ers to good advantage. They were
always employed as almaxarifes
(treasurers), bai1iffs, tax-farmers,
and tax collectors. No matter how
hostile the king or prince or queen
was to the Jews, no matter what op-
pressive measures they devised
against them, the Jewish financial
Continued on page 47s) :~:~*. ! .:
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22
To RAISE Steamer Wakefield.

Officials Of the Chesapeake and Po-
tomac Steamboat Line last night an
nounced plans for raising the steamer
Wakefield, which struck piling OF
Matthias Point, Va, on Thursday
night and sunk in shallow water.
None of the fifty passengers aboard
were injured.
At the present time, an unusually
high tide, backed up by heavy south
east winds, makes inadYisable the
work Of raising the steamer, but as
soon as water conditions return to
normal the vessel will be aoated.
The Wakefield was making her Gus
tomary river run from here and Alex
andria as far as Colonial Beach and
Mattox Creek The stern OF the
steamer collided with the submerged
piles, which stove in plates on her
bottom, admitting water too fast for
the stem pumps TO discharge IL. Capt.
A. w. Kelly, in command, felt the
first impact and Immediately lowered
the ships boats. The steamer Males
tic rescued the passengers as they
came over the side. The steamer
Gratitude later arrived on the scene
and took of what freight II was pos
sible to save. washington Herald
The steamer Wakefield formerly ran
here.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22
FIREWORKS /!
SPECTAL MENU for
DINNER md
SUPPER !!

Kathleen Cecil.
Knights Of CoImpbus Gold Medal for
Literature Drawn BY Virginia lloykin
Certificates II Honor for Conduct.
Diligence and runctnalitg we're awarded
to thirty seven distinguished pupils.
a large number Of distinctions for
Piano and Violin were also awarded.
Palmer Diplomas for pcnmauship
were awarded to large class Of twen.
ty-four pupils.
Premium for Punctnality IN the Phi
mary Department, won BY Edith Wade,
ard premiums Of honor for Conducs,
Diligence ard Punctuality n the same
department. were awarded to Catherine
Norris, Charity Grecnwell. Addie Rus-
scIl and Goldic Dcckelman.
An Alumnac Reunion was held after
the exercises. The attcndaecc was
very large IN ppitc ~ the fart that
many we're prevented from attending
because Of public school duties and final
examinations.
IN the evening. the Gym 1t Ieonaus
Hall was scene Of rare beauty ard
briIIiance on The occasion ~ the grand
annual Commencement Ball. held FOR
the first time undcr the combined aus
pieces 81 The Alumni and Alumnac o.
Leonard Hail and So Mary's Academy.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22
Flies.

Each year Rheu HfnmoF comFs around
And ton arr iefling ike a hound
The aies come swsfminR sure AZ fate
And 10 ibe tugc 90 yauF pale
Ihrs cone all sizes, SIS los and shapes,
More truWbl than q thousand apes
knd worse tban forty kind ~ ,leas
They bite FBur tired. aching knpss.
Won cannot lhink, Yon cannot read
1851 oniB euts eud scratch and bleed
fpu lose sour scn4e ~ self sprei
Your head Is gone and sou argwrecked
ard when al mea lime ID despair
AAu Tain wuald Try bat ~ taee
Ihe balls Hi"s Sill l0pp lia ls9p
Aud sAkr a header faF sear s0lip
AZ Might NlYen yu8 woald pull the
brakes
10 nsst yenf BONES and oire gouf
aches.
filey form 3 eussed battle line
md piay cfhqVet aiDmg your spine
AZ last your NERVES, agr ail uHstrinR
You haze a. oau ihai tou arr stuug;
Apd ranuEnF like you SURF Nrfr buys,
fou spank sise sails and chairs and
rugs.
Bpl son can faYc aud tear your clothes
and skin soar shlus and break sou,
nose,
And swat ihsee hundred million seors
Hut still thhth arr hiiliaa more.
y A. LuFuugRow.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22
Application for Oyster Ground

The following applications fog oyster
ground Ia or adjacent 10 SO, Mary
eunnty, IRE naW on die Ia the office OF
the BOARD 81 She'll Fish Commission
ers Of Maryland
Published charts 81 the natural
oyster bars Of 81 Mary's county are
filed with tho Clerk ~ the Circuit
Court az said county
Notice Is hereby given that al pro-
costs against The granting Of said
isases must be liied Ia the Circuit Court
~ 81. Mhry's county on or before the
2tih day Of June, 1918.
Applicant Address:
Il. Irving Chappelear. Benedict, Nd.
Not exceeding ~ acres
Located la Patuxcnt River, on tbs
westerly side thereof, al the mouth oil
indian Creek, and adjacent 10 the
land leased Ia 1hos j. G. ChappelaaI
and w. h. Northam, as shown OF
Published chart No. 10,
James r Dunn. Holly aood, Md
Not exceeding 30 acres.
Located on Caehold Greek, on tbs
$. W side thereof, start At mouth %
Pond tor eoye1. adjoining lot applieC
Tor by John VI Greenwell, and fol
lowing shore line in a easterly direc
ton, - shown on published chart No
~
Brlscoe Thompson, Hollywood, Md
Not exceeding 80 acres.
Located in Cuehold Greek, tribn
dairy % Patuxeni River, on the easter
II side az the Forrest Landing Prong
locally knownl Of said creek, border
ing ON -lngieside" Farm and on thu
house on "Caleb Dean Farm, a,
shown on published chart No. 20.
5-4-4t
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22
charIet.s HaIl sehaoI Reunion.

<@%fA~@t~ A+1A @~4-@~s 4~s.tNH'
Az announced at the Commencement
Ball at Charlotte Hall. Nd. on June
18th instant, reunioun Of the Alumni
and former students Of Charlotte Hall
School will be held at Chesapeake
Beach, Md, on July 4th next. at 4 p.
M. Casino Hotel.
Dinner will be served At cost not to
ekceeds75c per plate. The fare to the
Beach from Washington Is Soc. round
trip.
This gathering in simply social re-
union and will be strictly Informal. All
Of the old boys whether accompanied
by ladies' or not. may be sure af a
hearty welcome
This rail- to the eolors, It Is hoped,
will meet with a hearty response by
the veterans who nre true to the orange
and black TO most IL those from
Southern Maryland The most accessible
way TO the Beach il via. Washington.
All are requested to meet at the Dis
ri rt Line a,ion Of the Chesapeake
Beach Ry.. not later thsn 2 p. M, on
July 4th. This station i about 40 min
utea ride from q. s. Treasury.
While not strictly necessary, it is re-
questcd that those who expect TO at
tend this reunion. commpnicate with "
s Morgan. 1911 18th ST., N. " WASH
ington. d. 9. Please wear a piece Of
black and orange ribbon to enable the
boys to know you
Don't be baekslidcr. but pnt your
shoulder TO the wheel and help as push
Charlotte Hall to the front by stirring
up enthusiasm among the oh boys.
Your presence will lend much 10 the oc-
iaslon. Remember your duty 20 old
Charlotte Hall and 10 your old friends
Don't wait Tor . personal announce.
mont. but be true 10 the hugle call
when Il blows assembly on the fourth
OF July.
fgs.y,aalt
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22

News From the Seventh.
The stork visited Mr.. and Mrs. F
O. Stone, OF Cobrnm's, recently an,
left delightful bouncing baby girl
Father Cud is now wearing the smil,
that won't come on Our congsatula
tions.
Our old familiar steamer, Wakefield
of the Chesapeake and Potomac Line
with about go passengers on board
struck submerged piling near Mathia:
Point in the lower Potomac, Frida,
night and sank in about 10 feet OF wa.
ter. No one was injured. All OF the
crew and passengers were rescaed BY
the steamer Majestic, which happened
to be in the vicinity Of the accidents !,
Mr.. A. T. While is having an adkii-
ton built on to ms store at Capitol
Hill. Messrs. Marion Gibson, Cleve-
land Cation, Frank Neshit and Edgar
Simpson are doing the work. When
completed this will be one OF the iarg-
est and most commodious stores In
this section.
Mr.. J. NJ Dent, Jr., OF Oakley, hurt
his back severely last Wednesday
while operating his saw mill near
Hurry. He is now somewhat improved
and expects TO be on the job again in
few days.
Mr.. Frank Bostwick, our well known
bachelor Of Mosley, while alighting
from Mr.. Harvey Bailey's automobile
while il was still in motion, sustained
painful decorations about his face and
was only by the rarest OF good fortune
that he did not break his neck, az his
head was the first to strike the ground.
Mr.. Bostwick Is now very much inn
proved. -
Master Alan While, of Capitol Hill,
had his right wrist badly sprained
last Sunday white eranking an auto,
and has been unable to use It since.
MIR. Colin Burch, OF Baltimore,
visited his father, Mr.. Edward Burch,
OF Riveryiew, sunday
Some men resemble Pyramids
broad at the foundation but rather
narrow at the top
Politeness Is like an air cushion.
There may be nothing to II but il
eases many hard jolt.
A good name Is rather to be chosen
than great riches; and loving favor
rather than silver and gold
The rich ruleth over the poor and
the borrower is servant to the lender
the rich and She poor meet together
the Lord is Maker OF them all
MIR, Harold Herbert, accompanied
by Misses Beatrice and Ieanneit,
While, Of Capitol Hin, visited Mrs
Webster b. Herbert, Of ST Thoma,
Sunday.
Mr.. Harry Warranch, OF oakYille
visited his brother, Mr.. Isaac war
ranch, of Capitol HiIl, sunday
Quite a large number Of autos from
Washington visited this section sun
day. oAHmEI
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22
PROCESSION Of the Blessed sacrament.

Pretty as was the procession Of the
Blessed Sacrament held last year from
the Academy Chapel 10 ST. Aloysius'
Church, tho one just held was 10 many
respects more perfect. The large par
ish League center was augmented by
the apostleship Of study branches OF
the league from Leonard Hall and ST.
Mary's Academy The first commuu-
ION class was given place OF honor
near the Blessed Sacrament They
were proceeded By Master Allie Fen
wick, attired in the costume Of -
Aloysius as the Saint was ON the day
of his FIRST communion. Allie carried
the banner OF the Blessed Sacrament
al the head Of this division.
Nine OF tho Academy pupils, bright
ly costumed and representing the nine
choirs OF angels, walked In a circle
about the canopy under which was
carried the Blessed Sacrament.
Around this circle there was another
guard Of little girls carrying con.
tinuous garland OF roses and daisies.
and when the procession halted befor,
the affairs this double circle took a
picturesque position before the altar.
while the serried ranks Of mafehers
knell in regular position on the lawn
like a small army OF devout crusaders.
Father Cunningham oiiiciated at the
Academy altar, Father Pohlmann al
the church lawn and Father La Fargo
in the church. Father Kelly and Rev,
Mr.. Mcdonald, s. j., were Master.
OF Ceremonies Father La Fargo
sermon before the last Benedictior
was feryent and inspiring.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22

When Yon haze bilious attack
your liver fails % perform IL functions.
You Income conatipaied. The food
you eat lefmenls IL your stomach in
sirad 81 dlgesting. This inHames the
stomach and causes Eansea, vomiting
and terrible headache. Take Cham.
beriain's Tablets They gill tone up
your liver. clean out your stomach and
sou viii soon be as veil as ever.
They only cost a quarter, Obtaipable
everywhere. adv
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22
Festival :, 81. Nicholas.

The colored festival at st. Nicholas
Church will be held Wednesday, July
10 1t will be . glorious event, with
all kinds Of fun and refreshments. The
great brass band will be there with les
laundering music TO make the people
feel SO fine and bright and keep the
dance going day and night
The white festival at St. Nicholas
will take place on Wednesday, August
D
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22

q was sick for four years with
stomach trouble,n writes Mrs. Otto
CAM GAINESVILLE, Ohio u lost
weight and felt so weak that almost
gave up hope Of being cured, AIriend
told rne about Chamborlain's Tablets,
and since using two bottles Of them
have been we'll woman Obtain
able everywhere. adv,
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22

Aushf"Nft~th s"itts AAn4FFa
sud Dtsrfhesa Remsdyt
This IS a remedy that every family
Should be provided withf and especial
y during ihe sUmnasr maaihs. Think
q thr pain AID differing that must be
endured etlca medicine nmst ~ sent
Tor or befote reIief can BE- obtained
This remedy Is Thoroughly reliable.
Ash anyone who has used 4 Obialn.
able eVerYwhern ads
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22
BUSINESS LOCALS.

For Binder Irvine and Repairs for
all kinds OF Harvesting Machinery see
THE LEONARDTCWN IMPLEMENT
co.
Filtered Gasoline Service Station
row ready. THE LEONARDTOWN
IMPLEMENT co. 81
Last allotment Of Ford Cars receiy-
ed. Place your order now with the
LEON ARDTOWN IMPLEMENT co.
For Goodyear Tires and accessories,
see The LECNARDTOWN NIPPLE
MENT co 6-15-tf.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22
lSiRncI
: hnIerprlag ILL ropy
Gnslig Reael1lea by ch.mbs,l.Ias

nffsiif heethttd bf Ahamhetlhtn
Liaimsat
~ have used Chamberlain Isini-
meni Tor spfalns, bruises and rheu.
matte pains aod the great benefit
have reviewed iusilfes ms recmHmcnd.
ing Il IL ~ highest terms writes
ar Flofcuce sllic Wabash. Ind.
II sou are troubled aitli rheumatic
pains you siil certainty H. pleased
silh lhn proapt reiiei ahich Chamber
laln's Tdnineni affords 0btaluahls
everywhere adv
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22
For Sale.

One Bay Mare, years old, with
Colt by her side.
WM. MEDtNSKI,
Hollywood, Nd.
Near Hillgille. bls-lm.p.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22

The Public Schools of the
County closed for the summer vaea.
tion on Wednesday, June 2lst.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22

Mr. Charles Fenwick, of
Philadelphia. was a guest OF Hotel
St. Mary's, during the week.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22
LOST

A black overcOat, somewhere on the
road between Great Mills and Mechan.
isville, on Tuesday April 18Th last.
Finder Will receive reward for IL re-
turn 70 this Office. 4-27-tf.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22
LocalEise and Otherwise.

Miss Pauletta Smith, of Wash
ington, is visiting Miss Philo Nor
gan, Leonardtown. ~
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22

The schooner Chase recently
unloaded 90 tons of coal at the
Leonardtown dock.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22

Officer G. K. Nikirk, Of the
State Automobile Commissioner
Office, paid an unappreciated visited
to Southern Maryland recently and
bounced upon auto drivers. At
Charlotte Hall, as the gaest were
arriving for the annual students
ball, he held up nearly every car to
inspect them for license cards and
drivers permits. Much indigna-
ton was expressed by autoists that
they should be held up at night and
in the rain. Several have taken up
the case with the Maryland Auto
mobile Club.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-06-22

THE Buzzard's Shadow" a
plama in five acts, featuring Harold
Lockwood, will be the ID. ID. Movie
Company's program for Sunday
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-10

morning; decorating graves, after
noon.
Monday, Sept. 11-Historica1 adj
dresses, probably at Woolsey. Han,
afternoon; grand military ball, even
ing.
Tuesday, Sept. 12-Reception to
guests morning; great parade. after
noon.
Wednesday. Sept. 18-Outing for
Grays and veterans only, an alI-day
affair to be held at some shore place.
Now that the general plan of the
celebration has been outlined. commit
tees will be named to handle each Of
the separate events with the exception
of the Sunday services, which is un-
der the jurisdiction of the active
Grays. These committees will be
named at the next meeting Of the e1-
ecutive committee, on March 2S-
The general plan of the celebration
was outlined at a meeting of the cree
utive committee, at which were Fred
G. Crabbe, E. c. Simpson, s. Fred
Strong, H. G.. Brethauer. George
Scranton, A. w. Chambers, =. b,
Baker, B. N. Blatchley, william c.
Scranton, Harvey Munson, Harry
Warner, Vernon H. Hodges, A. Noble
Ellis, Carl F. Bo1Iman and Frederick
G. Russell.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-10

with a Connecticut wrapper grown and
made somewhere between Hartford
and Springfield, while you take your
Danbury hat and your Naugatuck rub
bers and get into a Bridgeport Loco
mobile You drive through busy
streets macadamized with Connecti-
cut trap rock to your Office built of
Connecticut made brick or stone.
tA1I day long a Waterman pen,
made in Seymour, or an Underwood
typewriter made in Hartford. writes
your letters and figures your accounts.
Your life, your wife, your auto, your
business, all you own are insured
against all dangers by Hartford insur-
ance companies. Naugatuck Dia-
mond ginger ale is your favorite drink
and a graphophone from Bridgeport
or piano from New Haven delight
your recreation hours, and when your
life work is over a New Haven church
organ accompanies the funeral music,
"a graduate of Yale Medical school
attends you in your illness, a, Yale
lawyer makes and breaks your will
and a graduate of some Connecticut
school off1ciates at your burial ser
vice."
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-10
C.. N. G. OFFICERS
LOSE ON UNIFORM
COMPENSATION RULE

officers of the Connecticut National
Guard are somewhat put out because
of the fact that, having been allowed
to go 8 months without uniform com
pensation, they are now to receive
only $50, the compensation for 12
months. There seems to be no way
to remedy the deficit, as the last ses-
sion of the legislature, which changed
the time of compensation from Octo-
Der to April, made no appropriation to
cover the extra six months.
Guard officers have always been re-
quired to provide their own uniform
and equipment in Connecticut. The
outfit required today will cost in the
neighborhood of 5000 to provide when
a man is first commissioned, and he is
faced with constant expenditure for
renewals. Some time ago the general
assembly voted to compensate officers
at the rate of $40 a year for uniform
outlay, and at the 1913 session this
was raised to $50 year. At the 1915
session it was voted to change the
time for paying out the uniform COM
pensatfon from October to April, con
sequentIy the officers went for year
and a half without compensation.
At the Federal inspections now go
ing on each officers full equipment
is surveyed by the inspecting officers,
and those who had every requisite for
active and garrison service received
vouchers for $50 to sign. Inquiry was
made at the time whether the extra
period would be paid pro rata, but it
has now developed that appropriation
was not made for the six months ad-
additional.
Guard officers are required to equip
themselves with the same uniforms
and addenda as would be required if
they were in the regular service The
chief items with average prices paid,
are as follows: Full dress uniform
.$75; dress uniform, $50; dress cap,
So; dress belt, So; service uniform,
$25; overcoat, $26; sabre, $40 other
items, such as field cot, blankets.
shirts, 1eggins, service hats sIicker
and so on. bring the total well above
5000. IF the entire equipment is not
exhibited to the inspecting officer, the
annual compensation is not paid.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-10
10 TO so YEARS
FOR FATHER WHO
ATTACKED GIRL

Hartford, March 10.-Walter Henry
Knowles. 60 years old, of this city,
was sentenced to prison for from 10 to
80 years by Judge Tuttle in criminal
court yesterday. Knowles pleaded
guilt to improper relations with his
13 years old daughter. In passing
sentence Judge futile said:
1.-THE punishment that ought to be
inflicted is not yet the law in this
state
Knowles has a wife and II years old
son in addition to the daughter. All
were in court. The little girl cried pit
fully when sentence was pronounced
The first commitment from Hartford
to the State Farm for Inebriates at
Norwich was made by Judge futile
The offender was Frank Cafferty, of
Plainv&lIe, who pleaded guilty to being
a. common drunkard.