davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1916-08-31
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Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
ACRE IS FARMING UNIT
MORE INTENSIVE METHODS MEAN
LOWER COST AND GREATER
PROFIT.

The acre is the unit in farming.
Greater yields per acre mean greater
prosperity per farm. 1t requires but a
very few extra bushels per acre to pay
for extra labor and money spent in
preparing the seed bed, using more
intensive methods of cultivation and
feeding the crop more generously. II
properly managed the increased pro.
duction will leave a liberal margin
over increased cost.
Earlier maturity is another impor-
tant factor in profitable farming.
Gardeners and truck farmers who are
able to get their products on the mar.
ket early get higher prices than the
farmers whose products reach the
markets when the supply is greater
than the demand.
BY using the best seed OF varieties
that are adapted to the climate, plant
ing early and cuitivating well, the
plants are given the early start that
means quick maturity and high quail
ity. Markets are demanding quality
crops as never before In general,
overhead expenses on the farm are the
same, whether good seed or bad is
used, whether the plants receive good
or Indifferent attention, whether plant
food Is supplied or the matter neg.
lected The farm may be compared to
a factory, and the farmer to the manu-,
fasturer who must consider cost of
production, quality and quantity Of
products, If he is to profitably carry
on his business
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
Advancement of Street Lamps.

A recent investigation Of the rela-
tive merits of parallel and staggered
arrangement of street lamps is most
interesting, since it discloses that from
an ornamental viewpoint the former is
preferable, while, from a utilitarian
viewpoint, the latter is preferable un-
der certain conditions. BY parallel ar
rangement is meant the placing of
lamps so that they come opposite each
other, while staggered arrangement
means that the lamps on one side of
a street are placed so as to come half
way between those on the opposite
side. In general, the staggered ar.
rangement furnishes more uniform II.
Elimination. However, where the
street width is not much greater than
the distance between lamp standards,
the parallel arrangement is preferable.
In instances where the street width is
considerably greater than the spacing
Of the lamps, the staggered arrange.
ment will give the best results.-Sci'
'entific American.
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
VALUE OF ALFALFA
SH0WNbYRESuLTS
New Jersey Farmer Has Been
Growing Crop Since 1895
With Great Success.

"Alfalfa is the greatest STUFF In the
world" says John P. Nelson, OF near
Allentown, N. j., who has been grow
ing alfalfa since 1895, and who now
has 1O5 acres of "the finest In New
Jersey" 1t took Mr. Nelson six years
to get a good stand and to learn how
to grow the crop, but since 1901 he has
had no failures with it. He says:
alfalfa fails only when you don't
treat 1t right"
"The advantages Of alfalfa are that
when you get stand Of it, you don't
have to reseed every year. How often
/ do not know, as | have some that
has been moved three times each year
for six years and it is getting better
right along. 1t makes the best kind
of hay for all kinds Of stock. Some of
my horses eat it before they do their
grain" declares Mr.. Nelson. Cows
will give more milk when fed on
alfalfa hay than they will on fodder
corn. It's a grand thing for brood
sows. When fed alfalfa they will keep
in fine condition on half the grain
they would use without It."
"i'he kind of soil on which to grow
alfalfa, in my opinion, is loan OF
reasonable fertility, where water will
not stand for any length Of time. If
the ground is low, tile draining should
be done. Plow deep, use at least a ton
of lime per acre if the soil is sour, get
the best possible seed and inoculate
either the seed or ground or both"
says Mr. Nelson. my farm has al
ways, until few years ago, had COW
to the acre, furnishing lots of manure.
This with 600 pounds of high grade
fertilizer, drilled in, supplies the food
for the growing plants. The same
amount is used each year as top dress
ing. II we didn't have so much
manure, more fertilizer per acre would
be needed"
"The best stand of alfalfa | ever had
was on II acres that had been IN corn
two years in succession. The ground
was heavily manured both years after
the corn was removed, and the usual
application of 900 pounds Of fertilizer
applied. In the spring, as early as
possible, drilled in one and one-half
bushels Canada field peas, cut them
green for cows, and in August seeded
to alfalfa" explained Nr, Nelson. He
believes that three cuttings are best in
New Jersey, but that four cuttings per
year may be obtained through Mary
land and Virginia, at the same time
leaving a good stand over winter,
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
i)AtR{{]
RATION FOR DAIRY cows
High Protein Concentrates Other Than
Corn Must Supplement Rough
aqe-Oats Are Favored.

With fodder alone as roughage cows
must have some high protein concen-
trates and they must be other than
corn products. II the oats are worth
less than middlings, it will be we'll
to make them part of the ration
Rye is as harmless as any other grain
to a pregnant animal when not affect.
ed with ergot. If 1t is worth no more
per pound than corn 1t may well be
used in part. Cottonseed meal at the
present time Is a much cheaper source
of protein than linseed meal, and with
oats and rye or wheat product in the
ration also 1t may be used to supply
the deficit of protein. However, II any
cows appear to need more laxative
ration, better substitute linseed, at
least In part, for the cottonseed meal.
1t matters little to the cow whether
the corn Is shelled before being
ground, or even whether 1t is ground,
so long as the cobs are soft enough
to enable her to eat them readily.
But to compound a ration from the
list submitted: Using the corn in the
form of meal and grinding both oats
and rye. use one part by weight of
each Of these and two of cottonseed
meal
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
MEASURING BULLET SPEED
Scientists Use Delicate Apparatus to
Make Calculations Covering Twenty
Miles Minute.

How fast does bullet travel? The
highest velocity ever given to can
non ball is 1926 feet per second. This
Is equal to a mile in little more than
three seconds. or nearly twenty miles
minute.
A rifle bullet does not travel so fast
as cannon ball. the average rate be-
ing 1,275 feet per second. This mat
ter of speed is tested in very inter
esting way.
which distance of exactly 100 feet
has been carefully marked Off At each
end Of this space is stand something
like a target with large circular
opening where the bulls eye should
be. Across each opening is stretched
a small electric wire, connected with
delicate instrument in another room.
The rifle from which the firing is
done is so aimed that the bullet which
flies from 1t cuts both wires Obvi-
ously, the difference in time between
the cutting Of the two wires marks
the speed Of the bullet through that.
When the first wire is cut an elec-
trio current is broken and a rod falls,
moving pointer on slide in its de-
scent. The breaking of the second
wire acts in the same manner on an
other set of rods, slides and pointers
The difference in the marks made
by the pointers on the slides makes II
possible to estimate the difference in
their time of falling, and from these
calculations accurate figures as TO
speed are obtained
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
STARTING CROPS ON THE JUMP
Good Seed And Seedbed With Plenty
Of PIantfood Needed.

Starting alfalfa on the jump requires
that the seed bed be well prepared
and that the plants be given plenty of
plant food. Alfalfa requires a rather
compact seed bed. It's preparation de-
pends upon the preceding crop to a
great extent. When seeded after early
crops, such as potatoes, the need of
summer fallowing is eliminated and
the farmer gets market crop during
the same season. The general prac
tice is to plOw the ground early, har
row each week or ten days, until the
weeds are killed and the fine, firm bed
that is required is obtained. Many
farmers have received good stands by
seeding in the corn before the last
cultivation.
To secure quality seed, it is best to
test several different samples for pur.
ity and vitality Five to 25 pounds per
acre are recommended by various eX-
pertinent stations. Often the best re-
suits cannot be obtained without in
oculation. Commercial cultures recon-
mended for alfalfa incubation, can
be secured. Lime must be added
If the soil is sour, and from 200
to 500 pounds Of fertilizer high
in phosphoric aoid should be applied
previous to or when the seed is sown.
Profitable alfalfa culture is not diff
cult, if careful atteI-;ion is given to
details, from the preparation of the
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
Experiment STATIONS ACTIVE
Bring About More Intensive Methods
And Greater Yields Per Acre.

ITO contribute in every way to the
evolution of extensive methods into
intensive methods Of farming, is the
task Of the experiment station" says
Dr. Jacob C. Lipman Director of the
New Jersey Experiment Station, in his
annual report. The New Jersey Ex
pertinent Station, as we'll as other ex
pertinent stations throughout the East,
has been engaged in helping to find
methods for developing economically
the unimproved lands Of the state,
which make up domain Of vast pos
sibilities.
The county agents in New Jersey
Maryland, Delaware and Virginia are
working out the same problems as the
experiment stations, agricultural col
leges and other agencies in the inter
ests of better farming methods. 1t is
estimated that in New Jersey alone
there is room for 100000 more farm
ers. With better methods come better
yields per acre, greater prosperity and
higher values for farm lands. More
attention to soil fertility and the use
of manures and fertilizers to make the
lands more productive, is fundamental
in working out greater farming pros
perity.
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
BUTTER ALWAYS IN DEMAND
No Reason Why Farmer Should Not
Compete With Creamerles-Some
Business Ability Needed.

There is plenty OF room today for
the private dairyman who wants to
market his cream in the form Of but
ter. Because the creameries have
nearly monopolized the retail city
trade is no reason why butter made
on the farm should not compete sue
cessfully with the best of the cream
cry butter. This class of butter,
which is made from but one herd Of
well-bred cows and from separated
sweet milk, should form one Of the
most delicious articles Of food, and
can always command fancy prices
when it reaches the right people. 1t
requires some business ability to work
up a select trade for any home prod
uct, yet 1t is not at all difficult to
create a demand for a certain brand
of butter among those who know a
good article when they see or taste it,
and are willing to pay little extra
for what suits them.
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
HAVE BEES COLOR SENSE?
Scientists Say Their Selection Is As
Fastidious as Woman's-Some
interesting Experiments.

A bee is as fastidious as a woman
in its selection of colors. Bees love
flowers, not only for their honey but
for their color. Roses are not white
and pink, and violets purple merely
for your pleasure. They have these
attractive frocks, as well as their de.
liciOus perfumes, to attract the bees.
The yellow dust of the flowers is
the pollen. 1t is sometimes sent from
flower to flower by the wind, but it is
usually carried by the bees. There
fore, flowers have to wear their most
pleasing cOlors to WOO and win these
messengers of life and love. This is
not mere poetic fancy, for number
OF able scientists have experimental
at different times to find what colors
bees prefer, and have placed their
preferences in this order Blue, green,
orange, plain red, white and yellow.
II blue Is the bees favorite color,
why is it that there are SO few blue
flowers? Scientists answer that all
blue flowers have descended from
green ancestors. They have passed
through stages Of white or yellow and
generally red before becoming blue.
Violets are white and violet though
yellow In their original color For
the same reason there are pink, white,
red and yellow roses. They have all
passed through the different stages of
color development. 1t is commonly
supposed that blue flowers are de
scended from white or yellow ances.
tors.
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
MAKING THE HEN MOTHER
COMFORTABLE.
r. H. WAITE,
Maryland Agricultural Experiment
Station.

To hatch well, hen must have a
good nest. If she has to jump down
into the nest box she Is apt to break
some of the eggs. Fix it so she can
get on from the side. Use some soft
straw, hay or like substance for the
nesting material. Be sure it is clean
and free from mould. You will not
want to give the chicks any of the
diseases caused by moulds. If you
are not sure it is clean, give 1t thor
ough spraying with some disinfect'
ant and let it dry out before putting it
In the nest. The eggs, while in the
nest, should form a saucer shape. II
the nest is too deep the eggs from the
outside will roll on the top of the others
in the center and then those under
meath cannot get the proper heat. If
the nest is too fat the eggs will roll
apart and those on the outside will
be too cold. Be sure there are no cor
ners left, just outside the nesting ma
terial, for the eggs to roll into. 1t pays
to spend plenty of time arranging the
nesting material Too many hens are
set on poorly prepared nests.
Use Care In Feeding.
Feeding sitting hens is a rather sim.
pie matter. Keep fresh water before
them and feed them regularly. 1t is
probably best to keep some feed
where they can get it whenever they
wish. Corn and wheat or either grain
alone is all the sitting hen requires.
All she needs is some heat and energy
producing food which contains only
enough protein to repair her waste
tissues. If you give her stimulating
feed (feeds high in protein are usual,
ly considered stimulating feeds), she
Is apt to get into laying condition
again and leave off sitting
Do not put too many eggs under one
hen. Too many persons take chance
by putting just few" extra eggs un-
der a hen thinking they will get few
more chicks. If the extra eggs alone
were affected it wsuld not be quite so
bad; but the whole nest full will be
treated alike by the hen for she moves
the eggs about and is constantly
changing their positions. The number
it is safe to set varies with the size
of the hen, season of the year, size of
the eggs, and value of the eggs. Nat
urally, small hen cannot cover SO
many as large one, hen cannot
keep so many warm during cold
weather as during warm weather. she
connot cover the same number of
large ones as small ones, and naturally
one would not care to trust many very
valuable eggs with one hen. For some
reason an odd number Of eggs is usu-
ally used in setting hens. This may be
due to superstition but it is also partly
due to the fact that thirteen or fifteen
eggs fit the nest better. About thir.
teen eggs in winter and from fifteen to
eighteen in summer would be about
right for a medium sized hen on me.
dunn sized eggs.
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
The MistIetoe Thief.

Mstletoe establishes itself on the
bark of an oak, poplar, an elm OF
other tree of the forest and steals its
food from the tree Did you know that
it sends it's tiny rootlets down into
the bark and for greater part of the
year lives off the food which the tree
takes out Of the earth and the air?
But, then, 1t isn't such bad thief
after all. In the winter, when the tree
has no leaves to drink in the air, the
mistletoe, in turn, feeds the tree. So
things are about even on the board
and lodging" question between the
mistletoe and the tree after all.
Those little white berries of the mis-.
tletoe provide many a meal for the
birds through the long winter. The
birds return the favor by carrying the
seed from one tree to another. Each
seed is covered with a sticky fluid,
which clings to the bark of the tree
where the bird leaves it, The seed
sends out a tiny rootlet into the bark,
and there you have another mistletoe
plant for Christmas.
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
NOTFS


Fresh air for cows, but no exposure
to bad weather.
Corn silage, in the frozen stage,
should not be fed to dairy cows.
The greatest contamination of the
milk flow occurs at the time of milk
ing.
Milking the COW clean will develop
her udder and help to increase her
milk capacity.
It never pays to kill the heifer calves
from the best cows. Raise them to re-.
place the poor cows.
Milk must be promptly cooled and
kept cold The growth Of germs Is
checked by cold.
Too much cannot be said about the
way in which cows are treated in the
stable. Kindness must prevail.
Frequent attention to distribution OF
the cows bedding Is just as important
as to supply large amount Of it
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
COLOR SCHEMES IN GARDENS
Matter in Which America Might Profit
by the Example Set by English
Landscape Artists.

Little attention is paid to garden
color schemes less in California than
elsewhere, for the reason that every
thing blooms so riotously here that
we deem attempts at control quite un-
necessary, says the Los Angeles
Times. The English are the great
color artists of the garden and they
have garden books upon this subject
alone. Sometimes colors are used for
effects not necessarily allied to har-
mony, as when yellow is used on
points thrust forward to shorten the
apparent distance and blue is used to
deepen the reccsses and make them
appear farther in the distance.
Many of the good. sized local gardens
have long borders where color schemes
could be wrought with ANNALS or
perennials, or with both. Remember
two points which may be called funda-
mcntals White is the one great neu-
trailer or harmonzer in flowers and
gray performs similar Office in foil.
age. Borders in which white flowers
and gray foliage heavily predominant
may have any and all colors in har-
mony so long as they do not mix, but
have between them a mere touch or
white. Such a peace-maker is often
more necessary between shades closely
allied than in marked contrasts. Thus
with two shades Of pink the lighter ap-
pears washed and faded in close com
parison with a deeper and therefore
stronger hue Even great masses OF
white relieved by an occasional touch
of any color never appear monotonous.
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
PROPER FLOWING OF
THE GARDEN IMPORTANT
Affects Both The Plant Food Availasls
As Well AZ The Soil Moisture.
e. F. STODDARD,
Maryland Agricultural College.

Flowing modifies the physical condi
tions of the land considerably. Ihe
degree of benefit from this operation
will be determined by the condition OF
the land when it is plowed, the type
of soil, and the kind of plow that Is
used. Since the land should be thor
oughly pulverized, the soil should De
somewhat moist but never very wet
as is often the case with clay SOILS. On
the other hand, the top 3 to inches
of soil should not be dried out COM
pletely for the plow would turn this
down and make it more difficult for
moisture and roots of plants to go
deep. Sandy soils are usually so open
and porous that they dry out early IN
the spring and sooner after rains than
heavy soils; and for these reasons the
gardener encounters less difficulty IN
plowing the land. Ordinarily heavy
soils with stiff clay subsoils should be
broken up rather deep; for good drain
age is just as important here as in the
seed bed. 1t may be advisable in some
cases to lay lines of tile drain in order
to carry off excess water, and thus aid
in the amelioration of the land. Sur
face bitches will help to carry off ex
cess water but not so well as will the
tile drain. Sandy soils, however, tend
to let too much moisture pass on
through the subsoil; and for this rea
son plowing need not be so deep and
should "a about the same depth every
year il n effort to compact the under
soil and prevent teaching. The phys
ical condition of clay soils will be inn
proved if they are plowed in the fall
and left rough over the winter. They
will also absorb more water for the
use Of the spring crops and can be
worked into shape earlier than spring
plowed land. Heavy clover sods and
manure plowed down in the fall will
be better decayed and more valuable
to the spring crop. When rotten
manures are used, however, they may
be plowed down in the spring. In case
a cover crop Is sown on the land
loN di u lilc tllu Vi lLC Sti idNii ''"'o'''
plowing should be deferred until early
spring When a cover crop is being
turned under it is best to have the fur
row slice lap and stand somewhat on
end (rather than to be turned clear
over) in order to maintain a connec.
tion with the subsoil and aid in capil
larry rise of soil moisture.
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
Billiard PIaYer,s Defense,

Gentlemen of the jury" said the de.
fendant, Il am charged with murder. 1t
in the mans death. Some of you are
billiard players. This man was an arm
chair adviser and he insisted on telling
me how to make every shot That Is
all have to say"
mot guilty" was the verdict two
minutes later.-Detroit Free Press.
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
HOME@A
nTOWNV5
IS HELPS
BOOST

Boost your city, boost your friend,
Boost the lodge that you attend
Boost the street on which you're dwelling,
Boost the goods that you are selling,
Boost the people round about you;
They can get along without you,
But success will quicker find them
If they know that you're behind them.
Boost for every forward movement.
Boost for every new Improvement
Boost the man for whom you labor,
Boost the stranger and the neighbor.
Cease to be a chronic knocker,
Cease to be a progress blocker,
II you'd make your city better
Boost 1t to the final letter.
Detroit Free Press
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
Imitation Pearls,

Clever imitation pearls have been
made by filling thin glass bulbs with
a solution Of fish scale nacre. An.
other method is to coat the inside of
the glass bulbs with a ten per cent
gelatin solution which is allowed to
become only partially dry before a
small amount of sodium phosphate is
added. then the drying process is con.
tinued slowly. The limitations look
much like genuine pearls, but they
can be detected by noting the place
where the bulbs have been sealed.
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
SOLIDS CONTAINED IN MILK
Casein, Sugar, AIbumen and
Ash viii Vary Somewhat.

The accompanying diagram shows
that about 81 per cent Of milk is wa
ter Held in suspension therein Is
what is collectively known as solids.
These are fat, casein, sugar, albumen
and ash. 1t is generally understood
that these milk solids vary more or
less and 1t is impossible to make an
accurate statement of the percentage
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
Just To Helm OUT

well! Well!' exclaimed Mr.. Dub.
son to a flustered acquaintance who
rushed into railroad station carry.
ing two large suitcases. Going away
on the choo-choo?"
"Oh, no. answered the acquaint.
ance, in a sarcastic tone. my sole
idea in buying railway ticket and
Fastening hither with all the baggage
I could stagger under was merely to
increase the stir and hustle of this
great city"
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
Not Satisfied.

Flatbush-Saw your wife downtown
today.
Bensonhurst-Yes; she was going
to the oculist's.
Something wrong with her eyes?"
"She thinks SO. She hasn't found a
blonde hair on my coat in week, and
she's beginning to think her eyesight
is defective"
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30
MAIL BOX THAT IS NEAT
Californian Has the Right Idea In the
Erection Of Receptacle at His
Country Home.

Permanency and sightliness are two
of the attributes incorporated In an at
tractive mail box that has been erect
ed by Californian in front of his
country home. The receptacle itself Is
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30

composition of milk unless 1t Is ana
lyzed. The average, however, has been
worked out by authorities. According
to them the different percentages for
the solids and water vary somewhat,
but the ones given In the diagram
are as determined by Babcock.
Catoctin clarion., 1916-03-30

about eighteen inches square, is made
entirely of copper and fitted with a
small door on one side. 1t is support
ed on G substantial brick pier, approx
mately four feet in height, which
tapers slightly toward the top. Inso-
low, this type of mail receiver Is most
appropriate. - Popular Mechanics
Magazine.