Evening star., 1916-09-17
FIELD, FARM AND FLOCK.
Pouymen Gardeners Stock Raisers Orcardsts
Famersnformation Cleaned Researches of Experts
ALL AROUND THE PLACE.

Apparently a majority of farmers
and others who live in the country OF
suburbs think fruit trees require NO
fertilizer and that the trees Simply
gather sustenance from the SOIL 1or-
ever. So after the trees are set out
they are allowed to drift and SHIFT Ior
themselves The natural result is
starved trees which means dead or dy-
Ing trees F. w Funk, horticultural
expert of the Pennsylvania department
of agriculture. expresses the OPINION
that more fruit trees in Pennsylvania
die of starvation than of any otner one
trouble. Trees ON different soils require
different kinds and amount of fertiiiz-
ers. and by watching the trees the fruit
grover rtn tell what they need Proper
fertilization of bearing fruit trees
should result in an average OF SIX 10
twCiv,, inches of new growth each sea-
sou. while young trees will make con-
sidcrsthly mere growth than this II
prouerIy feriifized and cultivated
Nan. successful fruit growers make
= practice Of beginning to pruhe I'M :
tho trees. Others delay the pruning
unit! the leaves have fallen and the
trees are dormant. II is probably true
that jhc latter practice gives better "p
portunit~ for shaping the trees. thohgh
if ih,. pruning is begun before the trees
become dormant for the winter slight
start is made in new growth ana the
trees have just that much advantage
over those prun"d later. hateFer
1Nctho,I is followed. the trees should hS
shaped 50 that no branches or limbs
re!raiu crossed: and usual thing
the more open the tree is pruned the
better the result Will be. IhtS is not
the case. however. with pear trees.
which owing TO their neutral habit of
growth, must be given different treat
lncat.
All broken branches must he removed
from the trees however. matter of
what variety and il is best to remove
all limbs and branches that have made
too much growth to one side, as these
are always likely to be broken or spit
off 1t should he made an absolute
rub, also. TO paint over each cut, usin e
some kind of Misunderstanding paint
that will exclude the air, water and the
various rnolds and fungi that attack
trees ny entering at wounded places.
nFrther. in cutting away large limbs
be sure TO start the cut from beneath,
SO as to avoid danger of splitting
Berry plantations should be put in
as if this work is done now the plants
and canes Will be in much better condi-
ton than if ii is left until spring.
Blackberry canes that have fruited
twice must be removed. as they will
bear no more. Raspberries, both black
and red. fruit only once; therefore the
canes that bore the past season must
be cut out. Next years raspberrieS will
be-borne on the canes that We're made
this summer Different varieties of
raspbrries have different ways of re-
producing. The red varieties repro
duce from the roots almost altogether.
while the black kinds may be propa-
gated either from the roots or by bend
ing down the growing canes and cover
Ing their tips with soil. when they Will
form roots at the covered points and
thus make new plants. Black berry and
raspberry plantations should be culti-
vated to loosen the soil and to kill
down the weeds. Bear in mind that a
heavy crop of weeds among the berries
takes 4 lot of nourishment out of the
soil. and that the fertility the weeds
exhaust would otherwise go to produce
fruit.
Judge Charles Catlett of Gloucester
county, Va, is probably the champion
watermelon grower of the Old Domin-
lou. At his plantation the York
river Judge Cat1ett produces wear after
year the finest crop of waterme1ons pro-
dgced anywhere in the state. He de-
clsres there is no secret in growing fine
SaiPrFnglpnE al
parc the hand nrnner,v n,sLino the
seedbcd fine and loose and rse nIenty
OF stanlc manure f,Id.e CstIatt said
go, .ha h.rt 49,, - - -, ~
there is no ecouu,Iy in bny5ng cbe.n
seed ,.r apg kind Plant IN. Seads IN
hills, ri-hf feet aDar; eaci, NAV ,,I.,,.
iu- five To- seven seed to tho hiIi Whan
III" ,.'tftt.= ar.. ,yeU started nm out a :,
hai The best two t,Iaiits in each hin In
nJ:-'-in- the hills use half a pouua nf
fertilizer ia each hill ,rh, soil o,eb.
TO be d reasona bJv warm rcr,iln sandr
lo-'i- preferably level or vim ,,o n,nrs
fh;-.l a very Sigh, sjouc so,,tb or south
east. EpIlov. ing these methods Judce
'afcit has raised MAN. melons weigh
iu:: nearly 100 pounds each and h.
grown Il f.w that weighed as much a :
i95 pounds. as
Wheat Yields of sfty =, sf,,
bushels to the acre dom i,,s, a,,
any more than does a load of n,i,n.
finished ..l,aF,v be.f" such h..,.. -
nc.ar allowed 10 Insc their c.If faf md
=, 90 frd fjucr,.Il. nf n,.< a,'n
go p ,I,e ,.tr Tor -, N
", ,z.Id. 80 -, H. si..,i., ~ :
n..-.,,.i ,,..s, -, yJIs.,.aI r, ~ ~ :, !
pI.aa crc,,- r,,,e, ,,. -
gisr t~ auck p.t. stsrt inof IN tns s@aG, f !" !"
at arI-, -, 49,, l.,+,,'..s anu ihsecl
ftI -, -. - e 81" III IN the