The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-08-13

the command of General Sir Ian Hamilton The APP
pearNnce of German submarines subsequently pre-
vented the active participation of the fleet In the
operations against the straits, and the disaster OF
March Is ended serious efforts to reach Constants
noplC by water
General Hamilton, with an Anglo French force OF
50,O0Omcn, appeared of the Gallipo Peninsula early
in April When it reached its destination however,
1t was found to be badly loaded on board the trans
ports, and il became necessary to return 1t to Egypt
for Il Encouragement of the units and their equipment
and supplies. 1t back off GNpoli in two weeks,
ana LANDING was effected on the peninsula al the
tip and on the northern coast on April -. The story
of the landing is one Of the most heroic episodes OF
the war. After tremendous losses the men obtained
a footNold on the beach but never in the more than
eight months which the campaign lasted did they
succeed in reaching even the ottoman first defensive
line The expedition was wholly withdrawn by the
first week in the following January, after loss to
the British of few more than 100000 men In killed
wounded, missing AMI Ill., What the French losses
were has never been announced.
The Dire Through Serbia
Thcwar began in The Balkans, hut since The Aus
rian defeat in the Serbian mountains at tho end of
1914 operations in that theatre had been at stand
still The decision o. Turkey in November Of that
year to join the Gcrmonc Powers had compelled
redistribution of the allied forces, but the Entente
hoped to nullIfy the Portcs action. far as Il might
influence the war Mt large by inducing Bulgaria and
Greece to join their cause and make the elimination
Of Turkey as European Power their particular
task
The Entente promised to Bulgaria much otthc ter
ritory OF which sbc dcspoilcd after the second
Balkan war II she would maintain her neutrality or
join actively the Entente group, Since the Allies
promises were dependent the sanction OF Serbia
and Greece, however, aud since in returning to l'ul'
garin the territory she claimed as her own they would
be dcnudng their ally Serbia of some of her richest
possessions, they naturally were hnndrappcdin their
bargaining. Greece WINS decidedly Nvcrsc to giving
M her Shnre of Bulgarian Macedonia, especially to
one Of her hereditary cngmcs, even If recompensed
in Syria As a result IN the struggle for BugOr sup
port Tcutonic diplomacy won Bulgaria mobIzcd In
September, 1915 and on October ii declared war on
Serbia
To reach the Bulgarian border and an open road
to Comtantnoplr with much needed supplies for
Turkey and construction material for the German
owned Bagdad railway It was necessary for the
AustroGermnns to blast way across Serbia along
the line of the Orient Railway, which crosses tho
Danube Mt Belgrade ana enters Bulgaria just west Of
Sofia. The Danube line was attacked simultaneous
" at four points from the Save above Belgrade to
the Iron Gate Field Marshal Won Mnckcmcn was
called from Russia to lend the rcutonlc armies OF
invasion which early brought out II new tactical
idea The drive through Serbia was to he CON
Quoted with n minimum force Of infantry and a
maximum Of artillery.
While tie Serbs along the Danube were waiting
and praying for the Anglo French aid that never
reached them the AustroGerman guns were steadily
blowing them back into their mountains and the Bull
CARS were pushing them in toward NIsh. Tile Bull
CARS had occupied the middle Vardur Valley cutting
them or from communication with Salonlca and
two weeks after the campaign opened Their only
means Of reaching the outer world was the wire
less
There could be only one end to such an overwhclm-
ing attack. BY December every foot of Serbian
soil was in enemy control the Serb army was de
stroyed as fighting organization and the Serb ma
ton had Joined the Begnns as people without n
country, The Ango-l'rencR contingent, once more
back at SaonIca had begun to fortify the Chaldyce
Peninsula which now had been put In a condition
Of immense strength The Serb army, after untold
hardshlps, reached the sea through Albania rested
and was reorganIzed on the island Of Corfu, and in
the last few weeks has been transported TO Sa
lonca where IT has taken It's place in the line with
100000 British and French troops which soon may be
expected to make thrust in force toward the Bel
grade Constantinople railway,
The Vetdun Struggle.
The close Of the Balkan campaign left Germany
with no large projects under way. Both east and
west the opposing armies we're dug In for the winter
The cost Of such warfare was the minimum In men
and material Germany devoted her energies to In
creaslng her reserves in both But while she was
speeding up her ammunition and armament plants
the Allies were creating a tremendous reserve to be
ready for an active spring campaign
Germany decided to forcstal any great ALLIED of
fenslve In the west II possible and make one trCmen
dous bid for decision in that theatre while Russia
was slowly recovering from the effects Of the 1915
retreat Berlin believed that one blow Of sufficient
power against France would bring about collapse
Of that country and end In cry for peace. The
need for great victory to appease popular opinion
at home also was recognized, for Germany had been
fed on half successes for eighteen months and these
half successes were at cost in life which began
to assume appalling proportions.
The Battle of Verdun was the outcome
The first and second weeks Of February saw the
rapid concentration of troops in the Meuse hills In
the neighborhood of 250OOOmcn sent in at first
to augment the 100000 men already on the front
under the command of the Crown Prince. The vet
eran General Won Haeslcr was attached to the Crown
d,,ieo hn