davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15

age laborer what a circus ticket does 10
the small boy. The appeal Is all 'he
stronger at time when the dinner pail
is overfowing and the wage Garner
longs for more time off in which 70
enjoy the privileges Of his new round
wealth.
Prosperity here Is expected 10 con-
tinue long after peace negotiations
have been announced. While local
plants have booked immense orders for
machinery to 90 to foreign manufact-
urers who are busy on work for the
Allies, this tonnage is, after all IN
significant compared with the volume
OF supplies that have been ordered by
American firms whose chief problem
now is how to provide adequately for
an Unprecedented home trade. Because
of this expanding domestic demand
some Of the great plants here have
found it necessary TO turn down vol
ume of foreign orders which in normal
tines they would have been glad to
accept. And the expectation is for
still larger business.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15
PACIFIC SHIPPING IN
STATE OF UNCERTAINTY
High Price of Silver Has Tended
TO Curtaii Chinese Exports

Uncertainty chsracterizes shipping
affairs along the Asiatic coast and IN
the transpacihc trade, according 70
George f. Anderson, American Consu!
General at Hong Kong. There has been
reaction from the great boom IN
trsnspacifc business which had de-
yeloped within the last year and a
half. The high price Of silver mas
tended to stop exports from the South
China markets. The decrease in ton
mage moving naturally led to SHARP
decline in transpacifc freights. BY
decision of the transpacihc conference
lines, however, freight rates from oc-
tober on are to be quoted approx
mately at the level that has obtained
during the last year-on the basis OF
s12 per ton for rice. The rates when
open and competitive had gone as low
as So per ton for rice. All rates are
calculated on the basis Of yice tonnage
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15
Position Of the Swiss Bours

In the monthly review ~ ne sTs
Pankverein interesting rart'cu'ar' a.
furnished concerning the po''i'o'
the Swiss bourses. which has uhoH
rome some fsrreachinc changes IS
result Of the two years Of var j 7,
remarked that since the beginning
the outbreak me Swiss markets nav
perforce. become almost entirely re-
pendent OF the great interhsn''
stock exchanges. "a illustrated oy :"
fact that the recent rise in ne ..
lsh bank rate and the reaction ~
has taken place in Wall street '''
scarcely had any influence. A's'f''
dealings. which played such pN'-
nent part before the war; Sfe O
pletely suspended. Only ;he U'l..
market is still from time TO time y
ceptibly influenced By the e0'D'N
prevailing at the Paris Boprs'' o. 80
TO the great number Of securities :,
are dealt In on both bOurses' W
other hand. it cannot cause '''T
that money rates in SwitIer'aa~ 4,
though they have ruled eons.s' 80,
below those prevailing in osn .,
countries. hav. risen sharply since ~ :,
commencement OF hostili'le "A
which has averaged about pei Cd ~,
At times the volume OF HAH
has attained pre-wsr figure. '" .,.,
general the total amount s'''' r.
far below that previously reAen'" sd
daily fluctuations have become 4.
more considerable, esPecialy :. ,.r
share market. This applies m'H :,
tleularly to the issues Of Swiss ' .s,I,f
mics directly or indirectly Ssh'' ,c.
BY the exceptional cireum''s'', :. t,s
v =. s a, ,sc moment, but also . MIS- -
. .isu securities az ris quoted at B'rlI', %
or PARIS. which are subject % -. ,r
a. cu, rs', o. The fluctuations Of % o. ~, y
sisn exchanges. every rise 10 90 s,,,Ie
off, Of the Swiss franc inducing s ''us
sale. Of securities quoted ~ s,sl
land, since the profit in 'lsS.'s' al
90 FAR toward eomp.n'.tins
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15
WHY Men Are Leaders.

As rule, women seem to lack that
vision. that daring, that grasp of events
md of conditions, and often that IN
scrupuousness, which cause men to be
empire builders in the business world.
How much the apparent lack Of these
things in women is due TO centuries Of
repression and TO absence Of necessary
training and experience, and how much
10 an inherent difference in sex, it is
impossible to say. II is untrue to say
that all, women lack daring, or are
afraid to take consequences, or that
sometimes they are not quite as an
scrupulous as men. But when all hat,
beer said there still remains the fact,
true at least up to the present time,
that men as leaders have certain
sense Of bisnsss and broadness both In
analysis and vision that few women
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15
WAR FINANCE ON A
PATRIOTISM BASIS
How Some Britons Do Their Bit
for the Empire

The war in Europe has brought TO
light a new type of British citizen. He
is the person, says James Douglas,
writing in "The London Daily Tele-
graph" who, instead Of lending his
money to the state, turns it over vol
UNFAIRLY as gift. This new citizen
is some times a man, sometimes a
woman. sometimes a child. He lives
in all parts Of the British Empire and
in all parts of the world.
For example, Baptist minister in
the province OF Ontario, Canada, does
his bit when he sends in SO and
writes: "Our hearts and prayers are
with the homeland" From Summit,
n. j.. one is found writing check
payable TO the British government.
From China husband and wife send
draft in four figures to the account
Of the Treasury A Canadian writes y
cheek for $1,000 and turns it in and
another man from the same country
in contributing 800 says IL Is a con-
tribution 70 help beat the Kaiser.
whom he portrays as compound Of
Nero, Judas and Ananias."
Many Of the gifts are sent in in the
form Of monthly instruments. An Eng
lisnman in Asia, for instance. has in
structed his bankers 20 pay a certain
sum 10 the Treasury every month.
Many Of The largest contributions are
anonymous. One is u git Of $4,000
and another for $4,000
A sailor IN Enclosing a pound ~ 4
start" ssys, n hsvs just GENE back
from hell"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15
Dangers of
Internal Strife

With the return TO more normal
times the national necessity for war
stores and munitions will cease, and
our industrial forces will have TO
rely on the home and foreign mar
kets for employment. Foreign COM
petition will almost certainly be
greatly intensified. There may be
al first a great demand for manu-
featured goods Of all kinds, as
consequence Of decreased supplies
during the war, but all the princi-
pal trading nations will strain every
nerve 10 get the greatest possible
share Of orders. If, under such cir
cumstances, we indulge in an inter
nal struggle between capital and
labor, instead Of bending our whole
energies TO retain and extend our
had on markets, we shall lose an OPP
portunity which is not likely 10 re-
turn. And yet there is widespread
expectation among employers and
vorkpeople that the European war
will be succeeded by serious indus
trial strife.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15
Canada's Mineral Output.

Csnada's gold production for 1915
was 9l6,076 fine ounces, valued at
81, 1877 1874. as compared with 770,374
ounces in 1914. valued at g3.ls5,O00
The production Of silver in 1918 was
2S,l0l ,735 ounces, as against 1884
23l ounces in 1919. The total value
~ the mineral output Of Canada in
1915. including gold, silver, nickel, cop.
per end sino was f27 ,702.7bo, as
against E2S,es6,i00 In 1914.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15
The Blacklist in Chile

The British blacklist Is causing con.
siderable perturbation in business cir.
cles in Chile. according to THE South
American Journal" 1t is estimated
that the loss to the Chilean Exchequer
on the reduction of nitrate shipping
alone is slO,oOO,oO0. to say nothing Of
the trade loss to kindred industries and
to labor. An effort is now being made
TO adjust the grievances Of the Chilean
interests.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15
Mechanics Own Automobiles

Meantime automobiles are finding q
ready sale among the wage earning
class here. II is not an uncommon
sight TO see skilled mechanics going
10 their work in the morning in a new
car which gives pleasure to the other
members Of the family during the rest
Of the day. The purchasing power OF
the community has increased famously
and savings deposits are at level
which tells Of steady enlargement OF
the thrift fund. 1t would be difficult
to find a community Of artisans pos
sessed OF more silk shirts or larger
bank balances. If the labor agitators
are kept away, so that the streetcar
lines can resume operations or a scale
sufficient to bring the 10000 residents
Of Luzernc County within a ive-eent
fare Of the department stores, there
will be general rejoicing.
If looks as If this happy solution Of
a difficult labor problem is not far of
The adoption of stringent regulations
governing the operations Of the jitney
has helped the cause. The men at
heart want TO 20 back to work again
if the labor leaders will give them half
a show. And this is not TO be won
dered az, since 5000 year in most
communities is considered fair pay for
a streetcar employe. Those earnings
are possible at the terms proposed in
the agreement which the leaders forced
the men to turn down, after the latter
had accepted IT.
This community is taking largely q
dollars and cents interest in the cam
paign. This means that its hopes and
fears Of the election arc based upon
the possibilities OF higher tariff,
adoption Of safeguards against dump
ing. ard the continuance Of nigh wages.
The Adamson law is n new factor which
the Democratic campaianers are making
the most Of IN community vhcr. an
eight-houY voYhdAy means TO the aysr-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15
Dutch Cheese for English

Il is asserted that 80 per cent o.
the Dutch cheese is now going 10
England and the export is likely to
increase. Since June the Dutch gov
eminent has made gran. TO cheese
exporters fer consignments sent e.
England, with the object of bringing
exports to the normal figure before
the war.--London Times.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15

and exporters are keen and ready to
carry on their business with even
greater energy than before the war.
We have arrears to make up, but
have the will, and. with harmony
at home, the ability TO carry on a
more extended trade. Our capital
has not been seriously affected, and
there are no signs that it will be
our financial establishments and
banks are prepared to do their share.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15
England
Advantage

So far az the commercial factors
are concerned, we have almost every
thing IN our favor. We have not
outraged the sentiment Of human
iiy By employing inhuman methods
IN wsging war. We have retained
our position a. The headquarters Of
the money market We have our
shipping resources and equipment
practically Intact. Our merchants
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15
Good Trade
in Prospect

There is good ground for antici-
pating that if the war concludes be-
fore our resources are unduly
strained-and there is every pros
pect that it will-there will be a
period of good trade. We have to
restore our own depleted stocks of
goods, our mercantile marine de-
mands a large amount of new ton
mage, railways and other transport
services will require much new
equipment. Turning to the Cont
nent, parts Of France, Belgium and
other of the Entente countries will
need reconstruction works of consid-
cradle proportions, and in this work
we shall play great part. World
markets, too, nave been kept short
Of many manufactured goods. We
shall be in a position both to finance
and carry on a greatly extended sys-
TEN Of industry and commerce, for
not only is our banking system pre-
pared to face this, but our man
force has been greatly improved, and
our Industrial equipment to a great
extent remodelled.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15
Germany Will
Be Poor

Turning TO Germany, there Is a
most interesting condition Of affairs
to study. If beaten in the war Ger
many will be a poor country; the
economic position will be deplorable,
hut hardly irreparable. Every sec
ton of the community has already
felt to some degree the effects of
the war. When peace comes there
will be a determined attempt to re-
gain the old position. A disciplined
people, acting under government
that will be compelled by circum-
stances to foster every possible
means for repairing the broken ma
chine of trade and for restoring the
national wealth, will without any
doubt be prepared to make heavy
sacrifice to regain what has been
lost. The government will offer ad-
vantages in the shape of low rail-
way rates and canal facilities, and,
as far as possible, bounties on ex-
port business and on shipping to en-
courage and extend foreign trade.
Manufacturers and merchants will
cut down profits, and workpeople
will be carefully taught that only by
increased productivity and by a
period of low wages can that which
has been lost be regained. One fore
sees a remarkable attempt by
united and determined nation to
make good in as short a period as
possible the waste and loss occa-
stoned by the war and the blockade.
German goods for export will be
cheap, and the low price will be still
further emphasized by the deprecia-
ton of the mark. For so long as
the mark is at a discount there will
be a pro tdatO advantage to export
trade, and although the mark may
eventually regain its par value,
few months or even weeks will have
an appreciate influence on reopen
ing foreign business.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15
The New Economic Entity
1t Is the Woman Who by Right of Her Own
Personality Enters Into Our Industrial Lite.
BY ARCHER WALL DOUGLAS.
st. Louis, October ~.

81. LOUIS, OCtOOcT Il.
One of the most significant develop
ments in modern life is the fast grow
ing recognition, among both men and
women, of the distinct personality OF
woman as a separate entity and not az
a mere complement to the dominant
sex. II is difficult to say how much Of
this is due TO modern intellectual
ANALYSIS, born of education, which
seeks to order its thoughts and actions
on facts rather than the illusions and
decisions of the past, and how much
to economic necessity, which in this
country, in especial, brought woman
into the industrial world a. mans com
petitor. Woman as worker was long
known to the Old World, but it was
largely as a drudge and not as a CO.
worker and an active competitor. Such
participation in industrial activities
was confined principally TO what we are
pleased to term the lower walks of life.
In this country, as is the case in
most great industrial movements, the
initial impulse came from the great cit
les, where the necessities OF the crowd
ed centres set at naught that supposed
~ sacred inheritance which held that
mans first duty was TO provide for
woman. since her primal mission in
life-that of motherhood forbade her
earning her own living. The stress o.!
overcrowding forced the needy woman
to seek other channels of livelihood
than those of domestic service or that
Oldest and most pitiful trade in the
world. Also there were those original
and daring spirits among the weaker
vessels" preferring independence by
their own hands to dependence on their
male relatives, or those in quest OF
mere adventure, who thus sought to
test their own personality in competi-
ton with man.
1t is obvious enough that womans
entrance into industrial life means
an entire recasting of mans mental
attitude toward woman; an attitude
which, with only slight variations
has come down unrevised from the
DAYS of the elemental cave man. II
was tinctured and softened by chivalry
and romance, but essentially it stu
regarded woman largely as posses
sion. and in the last analysis inferior
both physically and mentally to the
"lords Of creation" though, somewhat
paradoxically, possessing certain traits
of duty. devotion and unselfshness IN
which her only rivals were the
mythical angels.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15
Work Plentiful for All.

There is plenty of work for every
one. and since every industry is pay
ing top-notch wages the possibilities
for such happiness as money can buy
were never greater. The anthracite
interests are selling more egg coal
than they ever sold before, the reason
being an extraordinary inquiry from
the munition manufacturers, whose
demands are unprecedented. SIX
mills have all the business that they
can handle, and the outlook is for
maximum production for months TO
come. provided the necessary labor Is
available. But President Wilson's ad-
vocacy of the eight-hour day has in
creased the difficulties of every en-
ployer. Some employees have served
notice that the beginning OF a new
wear will be an opportune time ior
making the changes which Will mean
shorter hours and more pay. The
great wire mills are facing those de-
mands. The committees have already
had their conference, and although the
issue has not been forced at this time
every one expects the change TO come
three months hence. The large body
of machine workers are also making
the most Of the situation, and Will de-
mand a continuance of present wages
for less work.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15
Laws Aim to Protect Woman.

II does not seem to be so generally
recognized, however, that the relations
between man and woman in Industrial
life must finally be settled by the
true perception on mans part OF
woman's inherent capabilities, and o.
her inherent weaknesses. The prob
lem is. and always will be, complicated
bv the fact of woman's incursion into
q phase of life which many, If not
most of them, regard merely as an
expediency, leading ultimately to mar
riage. For whatever NAV be the
ieremiads of the unknowing about the
unsexing Of women and the decline
in motherhood because of woman
new position in the workaday world
il is certain that the appellation OF
eternal feminine" is an intrinsic
trait as well as a sentiment. Even II
/, were possible for maternity to he
left solely to woman's choosing there
race would still survive numerously
To those of womankind to whom
industrial life is a temporary eXpe
diency there can never come that op
por,unity which Is often the portion
of the man worker, however lowly. to
whom advancement beckons. For sucf
women there remains the solace o.
those salutary laws which look to
their welfare and their comfort and
that growing democratic sentiment
which demands that they receive a
mans wages for similar work done
1t is probably true, however, that
unwittingly and unknowingly they re
ceive an education in that self-coni
dence and self-reliance which goes
more and more to make the modern
woman mans companion and helpmeet
There Is another and a growing class
whose ultimate place in industrial life
is limited only by the handicap of the
ineradicable traits o. femininity. Among
these must always be the question
whether business is a sole and satisfy
ing pursuit TO them. as it is TO many
men. or whether the allurements OF
home and family life may not at any
time appeal to that elemental sense of
sex which is much more deeply rooted
in woman than in man. IL is also true
that the detached point Of view as re-
CARDS either men or events Is rarely
present in women. In the last analysis
everything becomes personal matter
with them. Their loyalty and steadfast-
ness of devotion to an ideal far eX-
ceeds that of man, and is much more
enduring. But it is a devotion and a
loyalty to personality and not to an
abstraction. Women workers in a bust
ness organization are usually more in
terested in the fortunes Of their i'm
mediate employers than in those of the
concern.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-15

M war better disciplined, a
w more serious people, better
equipped mentally and physically to
cope with new conditions. We have
learned what hitherto had only been
SUSPECTED. or at most known to a
few, that We have not produced any
thing like our industrial maximum.
The war has shaken US up and
shown US the realities of life, max
ing the mistakes Of the material
side with which we have to do here
plain and unmistakable.
To beat the national enemy We
had 10 reequip our workshops, and
the new equipment will be available
to a great extent for future work.
Moreover, we have been taught by a
bitter lesson that up-to-date equip
ment is as necessary if we are to
maintain our position as an indus
trial and commercial nation as 1t
was to enable us to maintain our In
ternational position.
Friction between employers and
workpeople led TO restriction on out
put, indifference led to utilizing old
tools and methods; both meant de-
crease of productivity. The neces-
sary increase can be readily obtained
by remodelling our system in these
respects.
The New
Factors
1t is of special interest to attempt
to forecast to what extent and with
what prospects England and Ger
many will be in competition in inter
national trade after the war. This
will depend for the most part on
two sets of factors: % the inter-
nal industrial condition of each
country, and (2) commercial factors.
So far as the former are concerned,
there is much that this country
should realize and take to heart.
The United Kingdom, in spite OF
the war ard its heavy drain on our
resources, has been enjoying an eX-
ceptional time Of seeming prosper
ity. A large section of the work
people has been earning high wages,
while some employers have been
earning handsome profits. High
prices, high wages, high profits have
been the order Of the day. The re-
turn Of peace will very considerably
modify the last two of these, and
how will those affected face the
change?
To understand how the parties
will answer this question certain
agreements must be remembered.
Foremost among these is the state
guarantee that certain trade union
restrictions and government regula-
tons which have been in allegiance
for the period Of the war shall be re-
imposed when peace is restored. If
We were reyerting to pre-war condi-
tons there would be much TO be said
for this, but one hopes that both
parties realize fully that conditions
have radically changed, and that in
consequence both employers and
workpeople must be prepared to
meet the new situation in a new
spirit. Why were these agreements
and regulations set aside? Because
it was known that they hampered
output, and our military success de-
pended upon our producing the
greatest possible amount of NUM-
tons Of war. Our commercial sue
cess will now equally depend on get
ting the utmost possible production
cut Of our industrial equipment. Are
we then going TO restore these OBJ
stacles just at the most critical mo-
ment?