davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23
AMBULANCE COMPANY, WAR STPENGTH
IN LINE FOR INSPECTION " ~

who conceived 1t; Is easy and COM
Portable to the foot and comes in so
many sizes and shapes that any foot
can be accommodated. Besides that,
the surgeon instructs the man how to
care for his feet, so they will not bis
ter; but not even the best Of care will
keep sound the feet of a marching
army unless socks and shoes of the
right kind are provided.
A machine gun pointer, who served
with the allies all through the Euro
pean war. came home and Joined a
nearby battery. On receiving a pair OF
our army shoes he exclaim rs not
that good! All had on the other side
was a heavy pair with three-quarter-
inch soles filled with hob-nails. l had
to learn to walk again when I got out
of them"
When the guardsmen become regulars
they come under the jurisdiction Of the
surgeon generals office, whose staff
has made study of sanitation, medi-
cine and surgery, applied to all phases
of military life. Its basic Idea is that
the men must be kept we'll and fit for
duty: and everything else, for COM
mon sense and military reasons, is
made subordinate to that end.
If a recruiting officer does not have
men physically fit to work upon they
must be left out of the service; it is a
case of putting good wine into old
bottles" to group a lot of weaklings
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23

posed to some hardships and MANY
forms of disease Parents. relatives.
wives and sweethearts are rs they re-
call the death record from typhoid and
other contagious. wondering how these
boys Will fare along the Mexican Dor
der; whether. with other changes, hy-
gtenic conditions may not have been
made better than they were in the civil
ana the Spanish american wars.
With view to answering this oues-
ton so close to the heart of many. and
t" answering it truly. the information
given here has been sought and obtain
ed from the most authentic sources:
and not only are the statements beliey-
ed to be correct. but nothing pertinent
has been kept back
The answer to the questioning narent
is that all that skill and foresight on
the part of the surgeon general and his
highly experienced and specialized staff
and sanitary officers ran do, with the
means at its disposal, ha. been done to
be ready for any emergency: that this
division has on hand supply of medi-
cal stores adequate for any army that
might be needed for a period of six
months: a reserve OF 1000, Including
some Of the most eminent physicians
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23
MEXICO HAS MANY CLIMATES

the evening twilight and the dim light
of dawn are familiar things.
A woman writing of the character OF
the climate of the country around Ell
Paso. and this description applies with
truth to the great desert upland re-
gion Immediately south of the Amer
lean boundary. says: The nights are
always cool Darkness falls immediate
ly after the sun goes down. and with
It goes the heat. A hot night is un-
known. and usually a pair of blankets
is necessary. And such sleep, Never
in any part of this country have l ex-
perienced anything that compares with
it or the thoroughly rested and ex-
hilarated feeling one wakens with. not
one morning. but every morning; while
from sheer delight he breathes deeply
to drink in deep drafts of the pure
fresh air. Particularly is this the ces5
in the morning of the rainy season.
which is usually from the middle Of
May to the LIST of July. The rains gem
orally fall at night, but even to the
soldier sleeping in the open the dis
storm has passed there are no dis
agreeable conditions such as we have
here in mire and mud and oppressive
humidity"
The area Of Mexico is 7s7,323 square
miles. and its population is put down
mile. Continental United States has
about thirty-three to the square mile.
What is described as the subtropical
part of Mexico covers PAL ts Of the
states Of Coahuila. Chihuahn,. Nuevo
Leon. San Luis Potosi, haif OF Tamau-
lipas. western Vera Cruz ami districts
in Oaxaca Chiapas, Guerre. J.. Jalisco,
Sinaloa and Sonora This lars section
Of Mexico lies south OF the iwenty-
eighth degree Of latitude. but through
out this region are uplAnds whore the
altitude il SO great, In many places
5000 feet, which Is about the altitude
of Denver, Col. that the nights are
cold. even though the days may BE-
and often are hot
There are wide areas Of northern and
central Mexico Of high table land, hav-
ing an altitude varying from 5000 to
5000 feet. where 1t is said the climate
is salubrious at all times Of the year.
and especially delightful in our sum-
mer months.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23
FIELD HOSPITAL ,NAR STPENIGTH
III LINE FOP INSPECTION ~

and beyond a slight 1istlessness for the
first day or so the men, as a rule. suffer
no inconvenience from the incubation.
The anti-typhoid vaccine used in the
army is made at the Army Medical
School laboratory and is the standard
for the United States.
While the surgeon generals division
does not purchase or supply food or
clothing for the army. it's aid is invoked
in selecting them. 1t inspects and ap-
proves condemns subsistence sup
plies.
If a contractor shall have forgotten
his morals or by mistake sent some
beef OF the wrong vintage 1t is very
apt to run foul of an inspector. who
will make short work of 1t. The pur-
veyor may fume and the department
may have trouble. but your boys will
not be fed on that meat But, be 1t
widely known, the concerns now fur
nishing food supplies to the War De
partment are not making those mis-
takes
1t has been said that when the
guardsmen had their little excursion to
Cuba in the summer of 1898 they took
with them. in addition to heavy blan-
ksts, most of which they threw away
on the march. their winter uniforms
and tunics. They really did not need
them. for they were nearer the equator
and 5000 feet lower in altitude than
are the plateaus of Mexico; but who
ever had the say about 1t. in his zeal
to see that the troops did not suffer
from the cold. left their summer
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23
PATIENTS
AT DINNER.

possible. to neglect proper health pre-
cautions: and the result is sickness.
To Offset this the sanitary officer must
exert the greatest watchfulness. He
insists upon cleanliness in person and
camp to a degree that Is a revelation
to housekeepers: and often the men who
do not understand his purpose think
him martinez. or at least crank.
The latrines are provided with every
safeguard and are frequently burned
out There is an abundance of good
water for drinking and washing. and
showers. which must be used regularly,
are provided in numbers. Fatigue par
ties keep the company streets free
from scraps and litter of every kind.
Fires continuously burning in stone
lined pits furnish hot water for wash
ing purposes, and form a convenient
means of disposing Of much of the
trash about the camps. Open incinera-
tors built in the same way are placed
at some distance from the camp. and
there the garbage which cannot be
burned in the smaller fires is consumed
Drains. open to the sunlight, run
through the camp to carry off all sur
plus water. keeping tent floors free
from moisture and preventing stagnant
pools. Every day that the sun shines
the tent walls are furled about the top
of the pole to admit a flow of germ
killing sunlight upon the contents and
the floor Clothes for the person and
the bedding must be aired, and it is the
duty of the sanitary officer to enforce
this practice.
Disciplined troops take it as part of
the days work. the inexperienced
grumble at it because they do not APP
preciate the reason for such thorough
ness. and they have not learned that
it is soldiers business to do those
things when ordered. without OPPOSE
II the guard finds itself embarked in
a campaign of invasion it will be the
function of the sanitary officers to look
after the health Of the men. as in the
concentration camps, but it's duties will
be greatly expanded. and fall upon the
and the field hospital companies and
the regimental sanitary troops.
The ambulance companies will have
action after they are brought in. CIV
the duty Of picking up the wounded in
ing first aid" when it has not been
done, and carrying them to the field
hospital in the rear of the fighting
line. and the further duty of evacuat-
ing that hospital by removing the
wounded or the sick, as they may be,
to the base hospital, located at safe
distance behind the line
The Field Hospital Corps, composed
of surgeons and enlisted personnel. will
treat the wounded as they think best,
and send them by the ambulance corps
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23

my gaining permission to go to the
place, but under Miguers escort l wit
messed the ceremony"
When asked concerning the animals
of Mexico Col. Mearns said
There are wild animals as we'll as
game on the frontier and in Mexico.
and naturally. the boys will have to be
on the lookout for them. In my own
experience / never met with an acct
dent from the wild creatures Of the
region, nor did have to treat serious
case from that cause. The mountain
lion is there, and the jaguar. the big
gest of all the cat tribe. Peccaries, or
wild pigs, go in herds and are supposed
to be dangerous My own experience
with the latter taught me that If tanned
young they are as harmless as the
domestic animals, but if antagoniZed
they will Immediately put up fight.
The same is true of the gila monster.
and his bite is venomous and often
fatal. But he is a sluggish creature
and will not attack unless angered.
While I was in service on the boundary.
but during my absence. the surgeon in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23

league lust as a matter of encourage
ment.
again. you ask them for food and
they will give you the best the mouse
affords. Next day they will walk beside
you for a league or more. but you must
be careful. for if you have so cents
upon you. they are just as apt as not
to stab you in the back. l got on well
with them because ! never had any
money to be taken away. If had had a
hundred dollars they would have killed
me in a minute, but having nothing to
be taken and having something to give
we kept good friends. I never failed them
in sickness when or where l met it.
THE Mexicans love their children. and
I must say that their kiddies are models
to the whole world. being frank without
forwardness, gentle and polite. I never
saw a Mexican mother scold her child or
raise her hand to 1t. The children re-
ciprocate the affection. l have often seen
an old grandfather or great-grandfather
acting as nurse for the youngsters of
the family, and the love displayed be-
tween them was beautiful.
"Of course, there were no international
difficulties while l was living and work
ing on the Mexican frontier. and 1 found
the natives the best guides in the world.
l recall especially two Indian trailers.
Pat and Sneezer. who never failed to get
me where l wanted to go and could find
ed very little to them, which was one
secret Of my success They are too lazy
to talk and are also afraid that they
may inadvertently commit themselves.
ITO one of them l said one day. Why
do you let me go with your Because
you do not talk was the reply. They do
not like to be made to think. I recall that
one evening they brought me to place
tabooed for the white man, an illicit dis
tillery in the mountains. 1 lay upon a
mat and they served me with dinner, and
for the first time in my life ate with a
solid gold spoon.
"One day an old Cocopah Indian came
to me- asked him what he wanted. His
reply was: L want to work for you, but
not in the mines. l will go along with
YOU and he did accompany me on my
travels for over q month, making himself
useful whenever possible. Going up to
the store at Yuma kept by an Italian. l
told him to pay Miguel SO cents day
for the time he had been with me. My
man did not want to take the money, as
he said he had not worked. but pointed
birds and animals for my Investigations.
while we were parleying Yuma In
dian came up to me and said. That man
is the most dangerous Indian in the place
and he win kill you said, have
learned to trust Miguel xnd would go
out into the desert with him alone and
sleep In perfect security.
while / was in Yuma Miguel came
to me one day and said that / might
see the rite Of cremation Of Yuma
sauaw. There was some difficulty in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23

clothes. If they had any. at home. and
took the men down there in wool.
The War Department provides the
best material money can buy, and has
it made into two kinds of clothing,
cotton for hot weather and wool for
colder climates. 1t is quite safe to say
that in the south they will wear cloth
Ing best suited to the climate.
A soldier whose feet become blis-
tered and sore. so that he cannot
march or drill properly. is worth much
less than a whole soldier; but before
the idea of preventive surgery had
come into bloom surgeon would send
the man with a disabled foot to the
hospital and cure 1t. but did not con-
Germ himself to find the cause of the
trouble. Now he always seeks to do
that, and by using "the ounce of pre-
vention saves the pound of cure" The
causes usually were ill-fitting socks
and shoes. The prevention is to sup
ply those which do fit.
The health officer of today has CO.
operated carefully with the supply
department to design a shoe which
the infantryman can wear without
hurting his feet 1t is made on a
specially designed last. called the Nun
son last after the sanitation officer
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23
w. A. Retired Tells Spent Border

charge had a case of gila monster bite
and the patient died the next day. II
was said that the man was teasing the
monster when 1t caught hold of his
hand and would not let go. The teeth
exude poison.
"Of course. rattlesnakes are plentiful
down there, and the men will probably
shake a few of them out of their
blankets from time to time. But 1
never saw a man bitten. They will.
however, bite. and it is just as well to
be on guard against them.
The lizards. no matter how formida-
BILE in appearance, are perfectly harm
less. The biggest in that region is the
chuckwalla, and he is a favorite tidbit
with the Indians
These random personal incidents and
experiences hastily takef from my
memory of life in that section may
serve to give an idea of the nature and
temper of the inhabitants. human and
otherwise. of the Mexican border Fore
warned is forearmed, and it is well that
the men going there may gain all the
information possible"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23

easy people. l may say however. that
the Mexican peasants one encounters In
travel are not to be trusted. They are
kindly, and when the usual question was
asked, How far to the next water? they
would size up ones horse and reply ac-
cording to its seeming capacity. II It
Pwere strong and fit, the answer would be
Three leagues: II ones mount looked
weak and weary, 1t would be One
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23

1t was a long and rough journey. but
we became fast enough friends to
write poetry together, and that is a
pretty good test of friendship-and
Gen. Hariow's poetry was good.
Our association with the Mexican COM
missioners was one of unbroken friend-o
ship. cemented by continued companions
ship and hardships shared in common.
In those days We found them -'leasant.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23

and no shrubbery for, myself. I have slept
in the poor shade afforded by my mount.
To protect my eyes from the rays, l
found that olive green glasses were very
effective.
THE general absence of trees in this
borderland strikes the newcomer for
chilly. He also observes the preponder-
ance of evergreen vegetation and its
dull leaden green hue. The prevalence
of thorns in nearly all vegetable life
strikes him at times when he is riding
through the new country, especially IL
he unwittingly catches hold of some
cool looking leaves. and he will notice
also the want of fragrance in nearly
all the flowers.
THE manifold varieties of the cactus
are one of the wonders of the region
The foothills of the Tucson and Santa
Catalina mountains are sprinkled with
the giant cactus which attains the
height of forty feet and bears an edible
fruit which in times past formed a
large part of the food of several tribes
of Indians. These strange growths.
with their great arms stretched APP
pealingly to the sky, impress newcom-
ers. To my mind they give a fascinat-
ing effectiveness to the landscape at
all times, and peculiar beauty when,
in May. each of the huge arms unfolds
a coronet of white flowers, in the midst
OF which white-winged doves delight
to settle and coo.
X
The green-ba rked palo verde, with
its tiny leaflets. the gold and purple
flower balls attached to slender
branches of acacia and mimosa and the
coralled tips of bloom to the tall and
wand-like stems of clustering octillo,
give a needed coloring to these rough
slopes. which require but finishing
touch of bristling bisnaga, serrate
dasylirion. scarlet-fowered cereus,
choya and yellow nopal to complete a
picture of strange beauty.
When 1 visited the officers quar-
tiers at Fort Lowell one April found
them shaded and screened by a beauti-
full paling Of living ocotillos, which
bloomed and whose leaves were as
freshly green as when growing nat
urally. although the stems were
merely thrust into the ground and
nailed to the porch above.
Il have travelled 10000 miles up and
down and In and out on that boundary
line. and IL Iwere given q few hogs
heads of water and a good horse no
one could lose me on Il. Gen. Barlow
knew every foot of that seven hun
dred-nile line from the Rio Grande to
the Pacific. When he asked me II
wanted to go with him when he went
to inspect 1t, L said that / should be
proud to accompany him. He. too,
was interested in scientific investiga-
ton and helped me in my researches.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23

II Served With Gems Crook and Barlow Along Decade and
Supply
FoodThe Valuable Pp-Dous Animals and
Trouble With the Indians.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23

a SOLDIER. physician and biolo-
IN gist. who served with Gems.
IN Crook and Barlow on the Next
can border, with Gen. Wood in
the Philippines. and because of his
knowledge Of things scientific was ask
ed to head the band of specialists who
accompanied ex-President Roosevelt
when he went to Africa. Col Edgar
Alexander Mearns. surgeon l.. S A., re-
tired. and now living in Washington,
talked a few days ago of conditions to
be met by the United States forces on
both sides of the international bound
airy.
As surgeon with the rank of cap
tain. Col Mearns went as young man
TO serve at various of the United States
forts near the Mexican border in the
early eighties. In the nineties he was
attached to the Mexican boundary COM
mission and received permission of the
War Department to establish a bioIogi-
cal section. which resulted in a bioloat
cal survey of the entire boundary and
many books from his hand. In all ten
years were spent In that borderIand
now so much before the public, and per-
haps more than any other American Col
Mearns knows what may be done in
those border Businesses.
There always has been lots of trou-
BILE down there" he said. land 1 got
into It as soon as / arrived. for before
I got to the end of the railroad on my
n hor
into riot and bullets were hitting the
car at every angle. At Ash Fork termi-
nal the station agent came up to me,
and. grabbing me by both shoulders,
said to come along with him. for there
were dozen wounded men out there
waiting for treatment. went with
MIN and fixed up bones and bruises for
a while.
That was in Arizona In 1888. and
there were pretty stirring times down
there. After waiting about the place
FOR a day or two for some means of get
ting to the fort. / found a seat in a
coach going my way. Old Pease. one of
the most noted of the old stage drivers
OF mat region, was the box He
could shoot his whip out thirty feet and
flick one of those great Arizona lizards
on the head. His aim was almost un-
canny- 1t was early in March when I
went GOWN. leaving everything here
bleak and bare. and l found flowers
eferywhere- The wonderful copper
canyon was hung with flowers of every
nue. and the mesa was carpeted in vel
low.
Gen. Crook was one of the great
est indian fighters we ever had, and
during my four years stay with or near
him We became very close friends He
was in full sympathy with my scientific
researches and gave me every possible
aid. He saw everything and was in
terested In everything and himself
made some valuable additions to our
collection.
When out among the Indians he fire.
quently took me with him. On one oc-
casion, when the Warm Spring Apache
chief. old Geronimo. was sick. he said
70 me: Tie ~ fellow has thousand
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23
TYPE OF INCNEPHTOP
IN USE IN ARMY

What the Surgeon
General and His Staff
Have Done to Keep
Our Boys Fit-Sanita-
ton in Camp - Anti
Typhoid Vaccine - In
specting Sup plies.
Men Must BE Kept in
Good Health Water
and Fire as Cleansing
Agents--Work of AM
bulance Corps Hos
pitals.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23

and surgeons in the country enrolled
and ready to enter the service at the
summons of the surgeon general that
measures for camp sanitation have been
planned, and there is no danger from
typhoid fever or smallpox. A system of
field hospitals and ambulance COM
panies is working perfectly in the regu-
lar army. 1t is expansible and will be
extended to all new army forces.
The great dangers to the health of
new soldiers are lack of experience and
training of the enlisted men of the new
organizations, and need of that disci-
pline of the boys emselves which
keeps them from doing those things
which, hygienically, they ought not to
do.
On a national call for the militia the
guardsmen of a state concentrate in a
camp in most instances previously Sc
lected, which they lay out, in a general
way, under the direction of an officer
detailed for the purpose from the regu-
lar army.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23

For the good of the men they are
shot as soon as possible, not by a
firing squad with bullets. but by the
Medical Corps, with anti-typhoid vac
cine. which makes them practically i'm
mune from that terrible scourge for
two years or more. The administration
of this treatment is harmless if the pro-
phylaxis has been properly prepared.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-23

HUNDRED THOUSAND young
men have been called from
their homes into the new and
difRc,1{ ITO
Evening journal., 1916-01-26
BY FRED FULTON,
AS TOLD TO BROWN HOLMES, THE
EVENING JOURNAL SPECIAL
SPORT WRITER.

SPORT WRITER.
The first fight OF my ring career
brought me knockout victory over
Dick Stone in two rounds. Then I
knocked out Dick O'Conneu, Tom.
Riley Sam Salbeny and Jim Harler.
and outpointed Ben Trimble in six
rounds.
Then l was sent against Luther
McCarty, the champion, who was
touring the country. He was the
first clever fighter ! had ever seen.
He didn't just get in there and wal
lop and try to kill his opponent. He
was a revelation TO me and / learned
a lot in our bout.
made a good showing with Nc
Carly and got the idea | could whip
any man in the world If / got more
experience. ! had visions of fighting
for the heavyweight championship,
and what's more. OF winning It.
After the McCarty mill | bumped
of Mike Burns in one round at Su-
perior, Wis, and knocked fellow
named Riley for a loop in three
rounds at Minneapolis
Mike Collins, my present manager.
was promoting bouts at Hudson, Wis.
went there and met Charles Mel
son. / walloped him to sleep in one
round and did the same to Ray Car
oiofini in five rounds. l went to
Fairview, Mont. and outpointed AL
Ross in - rounds. and then to Sparta,
Wis, and knocked out Mike Peterson.
All these victories gave me the