Iron County register., 1916-06-29

ture there is the scene of the small
boy darting from the door as the last sgner sets
his autograph to the precious parchment and dash
ing down the street. calling to his grandfather, to
"Ring! Oh, ring for liberty!"
Our ideal proclamation of the charter of Amer
lean freedom must be shattered in the cause of
truth. The Declaration of Independence was
signed behind locked doors, and was not general
ly signed upon the Fourth of July at all. The city
was not breathlessly awaiting the event outside,
nor did the Liberty bell peal forth that day
the triumphal note of freedom.
The accredited historian of the United States
department of state is Gaillard Hunt, Lift. D., IL
d., chief of the division of manuscripts in the
Library of Congress.
There is really no reason for our celebrating
the Fourth of July more than July or August @"
said Doctor Hunt recently to an inquirer. ut was
not until the latter date that the document was
generally signed
'"rhe Virginia bill of rights, Of which George
Mason also the author, was drawn up and
adopted in the last colonial assembly in Virginia
prior to the Revolution. The bill of rights is in
effect part of every constitution in the land to-
day. 1t is beyond doubt that this famous docu-
lnent, of which his elderly friend was author, was
largely drawn upon by Thomas Jefferson when he
wrote the Declaration of Independence
"The fundamental principles of government set
forth in Masons bill of rights were the same as
of the long parliament and magma charta.
You know, perhaps, that it another Vr-
ginan, Richard Henry Lee, who presented to con-
gress June Z 1776, set of resolutions contain
ing the words, THAT these united colonies are and
of right ought to be, free and independent states,
and that all political connection between them
and the state of Great Britain is and ought to be-
totally dissolved
1T as result of the favorable voting upon
Lees resolutions that the well-known committee,
composed of Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Ben
jamin Franklin, Roger Sherman and Robert R. Lv-
ingston, was named to draft the document The
committee assigned the task of preparing the in
strument to the Virginian. Jeffersons was the
master political mind and it was by no mere
chance that he was called upon to write the docu-
ment which has been termed the bestknown pa
per that has ever come from the pen of an indi-
vidual'
Drafting of the Declaration
Thomas Jefferson was the personificaton of
method" remarked Doctor Hunt "and Immediate
ly upon receiving his commission to write the
declaration he retired to the two rooms he rented
as working place at Seventh and Market place.
PHILADELPHIA and prepared to give his country
one of the greatest monuments of human freedom.
"The department of state owns the first draft Of
the Declaration which Jefferson presented to the
committee for its approval. His confreres made
few alterations, which are clearly shown in the
text, and Jefferson has written beside each change
the name of its author making the document of
inestmable value.
"The fair copy which he made for presentation
to congress, and which bears the congressional
amendments and alterations, is lost.
"The latter is the formal Declaration of Inde-
pendence laid before congress June 2S 1776
1t was then read and ordered to lie on the table
until July J. On July 2 resolution was passed
declaring the independence of the United States
although the exact form of the proclamation as
prepared by Jefferson was debated upon until July
A, when, with some alterations and amendments, it
was signed by John Hancock, president of the
congress, and the signature attested by Charles
Thomson, secretary of congress-.
"July 2 was actually the date of separation of
the colonies from the mother country. On July 3
we find John Adams, whom Jefferson called the
colossus of the colonies writing to his wife, Abb
gail In the following words:
"Yesterday the greatest question which was
ever debated in America decided, and great
er perhaps never was nor will be decided among
men,
Great Day Was July 2
"In second letter, written the same day, he
said: But the day is past July will be the
most memorable epoch in the history of America.
am apt to believe that it will be celebrated by
succeeding generations as the anniversary festival
II ought to be conmelnorated as the day of dellv-
erance by solemn acts OF devouon TO Goa Al
mighty
"There is little doubt but that the participants
in the event considered July as the true date of
independence for the colonies, but popular fancy
seized upon the 4th the date of acceptance OF JEFF
ferson,s formal and detailed settingforth as the
proper date Of celebration
"John Trumbull's famous painting Of the scene
hanging in the rotunda of the capitol, is poetical
niece Of work and gives many Of the portraits Of
the seners with faithfulness, but 1t Is somewhat
fanc,ful No sken hanglngs draped the windows
of that Sitting room on July 4, 1776 and the beau
tlful order in which the men are ranged up for
signing the immortal document Is also netionai.