Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1916-03-02

80 ~tSsA W
Thus the ordinary treatment, such %
formaldehyde, does not reach the In
terror sufficiently strong to destroy
the smut infection. The best way to
escape the action OF loose smut Of
wheat is therefore to prepare seed
plot, and to pull all smutty heads a.
soon % they appear before the spores
begin to blow about. It ia well to
have this seed plot surrounded by
wind breaks or - well protected
from the general fields Of grain as
possible 30 az to prevent the blowing
Of spores and dirt from other fields
TO tho seed plot. 1t may be truthfulfy
said, however. that very little damage
from any kind Of smut will occur II
the following directions are followed:
Tho Seed plot-Establish q seed
plot on which to grow the seed for the
rest Of the farm. Practice q good,
careful rotation on this seed plot. The
seed plot should be big enough to
produce the different kinds Of seed to
be used on the farm, as, for example:
corn, wheat, barley, fax, timothy or
clover. A large seed plot could be
cut up into a number of fields CORE
spending to the number of seeds
necessary to grow. For the ar
rangement Of the seed plots in rota-
ton, recommend about as follows:
First year, corn, potatoes, summer
tallow, or other hoed crops to purify
and clean the land of weed seeds and
diseases.
Second year. flax.
Third year, wheat or other cereal.
Fourth year. timothy and clover, or
either one Of them pure.
Fifth year, pasture for pigs, sheep.
Or other animals movable fence).
The next year the series can start
over again. The original, or large
seed plot area should be broken into
rs many areas as to furnish one. two
or three OF. these areas as needed.
The object Of the crop rotation is to
arrange the crops in such relation to
each other that no one Of the crops
carry tn esame diseases that are char
hcteristic Of the one which precede it.
II any farm manures are applied.
they should be we'll rotted before ap-
plying. and then applied to the grass
lands or preferably to the wheat or
cereal stubble and plowed in.
Seed Treatment, Wheat.-Select the
best, most matured. Do not let it get
wet during the harvest period II It can
be possibly helped. Grade 1t to the
highest. plumpest. Most proper color.
ed one-third. Use this for seed. Be.
fore sowing immense tho seed in
formaldehyde solution made at the
strength Of one pound of formalde-
hyde to 40 gallons OF water. The OBJ
ject ia to get all the seeds thorough
ly moistened over the entire surface.
The best way to dip these seeds is
to get one Of the regular smut ma
chimes, many OF which are we'll ar.
ranged for doing the work. The only
care needed being to see that the 10.
luton is made of the right strength.
Run the seed direct into q wagon
box or into bags. Take It to the
field Immediately and proceed to SOW.
The best results are gained by SOW
ing the seed into the ground while 1t
Ia yet swe1led and damp. Do not dry
the seed. This cuts down the yield
and does not tend to prevent the smut
as well 40 1t does II the seed is used;
damp.
oats, Bariey.-same treatment as
wheat, except they should be soaked
little more thoroughly. II possible,
30 that the solution may penetrate be-
low the shuchs.
For Flax 8eed.-Same strength 80.
tutton, but the best way to apply it to
the seed is to use three or four gal.
lon compressed air sprayer and force
the formaldehyde solution on with a
hne force spray upon the fax seed.
Flax does not carry any Of tho smuts
but It carries very much more de-
structive rot disease.
Treat Every Yeaa Many people
ask whether they should treat their
seed every year. regardless of wheth.
or there is or Is not smut. The an
swer Is eyes," 1t pays. We find
sAs@s SASAo I'D q OA GCI AACAce1oo VI SWO
Or three bushels per acre on, the
proper treatment Of wheat, ten or AZ
teen bushels per aero ON the proper
treatment of barley, and anywhere
from one to ten or fifteen bushels per
acre for the proper treatment Of dax.
The reason for this is that there are
other diseases than smut. Most Of
them are very destructive because
they kill the roots as in the case Of
OAK. Wheat itself is attacked by i've
Or six root destroying fungi which
arc carried on the seed.
Always grade the seed thoroughly,
whether It is wheat, fax, barley or
pats. This department, In its latest
experiments, has clearly demonstrated
that shrivelled seed tend to repro
duce their own kind. The reason
tor this is that shrivelled seeds usu-
ally grow upon mother plants. which
are attacked by some form Of root
diseases, and commonly they have the
fungi directly on the inside Of the
seed. Formaldehyde treatment will
not reach these germs Of disease so
as to destroy them without killing the
Feed. Thus, when the shrivelled seeds
are sowed, the young plants, which
come from them, are at once attack
Sd by one or other Of these root de-
stroying diseases. This is the chief
reason for throwing out, or grading
put ehrivalled seed. The reason for