Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-04-30
BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG,
AND WHY IT WAS FOUGHT
Except for Blunlcr, Conflict Would
Have Taken Place Whore Cen
cra1 Ice Planned.
JACKsoN's LOSS kEENLY FELT
Tide Of Success Flows Toward South
In First Days Battle, but Eweil
Fails to Follow Up Success and
Occupy Commanding Positions.

Fails to Follow Up Success and
Occupy Commanding Positions.
The death of General Jackson on
May 10. 1868. was followed by re-
organization of the Army of Northern
Virginia into three corps, designat ted
The First. Second and Third Army
corps. l.onKStrcet. Ewell and A. T.
run each now advanced to the rank OF
lieutenant general. were assigned to
Inc command of these corps in the
order named. Each of these corps
embraced three divisions--one of the
divisions OF the Second Corps, and one
OF the third had five briEades. all the
others had four brieadcs The ar
tillery was also reorganized To each
corps there were attached two or three
baitaiionR OF four batteries each. I'M
Der the command Of "A chief OF artillery
for that corps. These three divisions
ana the reserve artillery were under
the command Of the chief Of artillery Of
the army. The cavalry remained prac-
fically as before
INC lankc" army, under General
Hooker. had now rcoccupied the heights
opposite Frederick sLury where IL
could not he attacked except at "A dis
advantage Instead Of quietly await
ing the pleasure Of the Yankee com
Hanher III designing and putting into
execution some new plan Of campaign.
'en'i"i Lee determined 10 maneuver
10 draw him from his iinpr. gina bic uosit
ton. and. II practicable remove ,hc
scene OF hosttlities beyond the Potomac
Ills design was 10 free the state Of
NTSihia. ior time At least. from III,
presence "i the enemy. 10 transfer the
thcater OF war TO northern soil and
bE selecting ~ favorable time and Mace
IN which TO receive tho attacks which
MS adversary would he ConipclI.d Il,
make on him. TO take the reasonable
chances Of defeating him in q pitcbrG
phttic' Knowing full well that to oh
taih such AN ADVANTAGE there v,,,,l,;
piace MIN in u position I" attain far
thof" decisive results than could hc
none" for from q like ADVANTAGE poiu
e" IN Virginia. Hut even il unahic m
ATTAIN the valuable results which Nigh,
NC expected TO follow decided adyan-
."I' saihcd over Tn" enemy in Mary
ltha Or pennsylvania, 1t was though,
that INC movement would al le,s, On
Tar disturb tn. Yankee r!au for. tho
summer campaign as 10 preysn, is
execution during the season .or actiy.
operations
"''hDHAWS HIS ARMY
FROM FREDERICKSBURG
~ un'suane" OF this design. General
Lee commenced 10 Withdraw his ,rnv
from the vicinity Of Frcderick sh,rg
On June }, 1863. General NcI,w's al
VISION of the first corps left Fredericks
'ut '"r Cnipcpcr Courthouse on that
ha!, and General HOODS divisio, -.
the same CORPS, which was cuc,poed
on IN" ishpi'ian River. marched "a IN.
sam" piac" Mark Won here these Two
grand divisions belonging TO Genera,
i-onIS'rc"ts corps were the mrs; iroous
"r"frc" IN front Of the Pennsylvania
campaign.
ON tho iih and 5th the ,hre. di
VISIONS OF the second corps. under GEN
erals early Hodes and Johnson. fol-
'"".n IN" third corps. under General
\. i. I'M anlpracing the divisions nm
der Generals Anderson. iIc,h ana Fan.
Icr, was left 10 occupy the lines a,
rf"dorlckSnurg. On tho 6ii, the en-
envy constructed a pontoon bridge near
Deep Run and crossed lnrg. force
!" the south sid" OF the Rappahannock
hn' 'his force manifested no intention
81 attacking, and was evidently for
We purpose of observation as also TO
heck The movements OF General Lee
''chcral Lee deemed IL prudent 10
malt General EwelrS corps that night
nut after watching the enefny's on
"rati"ns the next da! lie became salts
hed that General y +. Hills command
could manage the force on the south
side. He thereupon sent orders to Cen
rral l"wcll 10 continue his march and
he left Fredericksburg that evening
himself to join the troops in advance
On June LonCstreet and Ewelrs
commands reached Cupeper Court
honsc. where General stuart already
had his cavalry concentrated ON the
9Th large force Of Yankee cavalry
supported by infantry crossed the Rap
pahannock and attacked General Stu
art. bitter struggle ensued. lasting
the whole day. the advantage being
hrst with one side and then the other.
The enemy was finally forced TO rccross
the river with heavy loss. leaving 400
prisoners, three pieces of artillery and
several colors in our hands.
General Lee now put the second corps
IN advance. General Ewell left Gull
pepper Courthouse on the 10Th. and
crossing the Shenandoah River on the
18th near Front Royal, ne sent Cen
eral Rodes with his division TO Berry
willie. with instructions to drive off the
forces OF the enemy stationed there
and to cut off communication, between
Winchester and the Potomac. \Generai
Ewcll moved with his other two di-
visions directly upon Winchester. fore
ing the enemy back into his lines about
that town. On the lith General Early
stormed these works and captured sew
eral Of the small forts On the 18th
his troops assaulted the Nain fort and
drove the Yankees from his lines
RETHEAT OF YANKEES
IS INTERCEPTED
The division OF General Johnson,
which had been sent by General Ewell
10 the east OF the town, intercepted
tho retreat Of the Yankees under Cen
cral Milroy, and after n spirited en-
Gagement, captured nearly the whole
force. numbering about $500. General
Milroy with n small body of cavalry,
made his escape to Harpers Ferry.
General Rodes on the same day moved
with his division 10 MartnsburE and
dispersed the Yankee force there, cap
turing some prisoners, artillery and
stores. These operations cleared the