davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Auttaja. [volume] (Ironwood, Mich.) 1906-19??, 1916-02-10

9~elffamGesiG.
Sci, npt OH masta biipa,
Scum foulusta on liipa
So mGfeen mennd iaa.
"Yois alta maan''
Ndin buuoetaan,
Scum feIfat filpan fiit1G.
Seas. fuinfa fdwi Mllin!
San meni mullin mallin,
@aan pl0s nouiee taas.
So ruoestaan
&Gp felffaan fpaan
So lastee. iotta ioipi.
WGin lapiet riemuisiaan
So puma posfillania %
W1esid prtubailee.
So riemuiten
2ro firioien
Sc iieltd taaien rientaG.
8eiffo.ietd.
Auttaja. [volume] (Ironwood, Mich.) 1906-19??, 1916-02-10

Sule Seeus Iuo,
Smafi' osti ban Jun.
8ettG IGbteben iuo,
@ern puboistetnil.
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1916-09-29
September 20, 1916

Consultation in regard to bust
ness plans and investments is
only one Of the exceptional
features included in the COM
prehensive service this bank
offers its patrons. :: :: ::
The accounts Of young business
men and women are invited.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-06-18

lector and the collections or museums
and universities. most OF the earlier
discovered images have now ceased TO
exist as such. At that time there was
no profitable market for them and the
discoverers had them melted down Tor
the precious metal they contained. Dur
ing the more recent years the images
have commanded very fancy prices
when in their original state.
Huaca hunting has all the fascina-
tions of the prospector's quest Ihere
are no outward signs to lead the hunter
to the rich graves he wishes to despoil.
No headstones have ever been found
marking the graves. 1t is believed that
the Indians used no other method or
marking the last resting place OF their
dead than by means of the stone layers
that cover the openings. These top
coverings consist either of a number
of small ovals of fiat stones closely lald
together, or else a single fiat. heavy
slab that was placed in position with
much labor.
The heavy rains of that section of the
country washed the earth down from
the hillsides and the gravestones We're
soon completely hidden. In some locali-
ties the first layer is more than four
feet underground. The abundant tropi
cal verdure removed the last traces OF
the burial places. with the result that
in the hundreds of years that passed
since the last grave was closed the
burial places are very dihcult to hnd
There is only one method employed
by the hunters in locating the graves
Like the prospector. the huaca hunter
goes armed with the particular imple-
ments Of his calling. He supplies him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-06-18

other than mere protective measures.
The gold ornaments are of an ex-
ceedinely varied character. When the
Indian began making them. he had
reached a very high point in his up
ward struggle toward civilization. He
used the free gold from some now un-
known source and beat 1t into many
different forms, He displayed taste
for animals and reptiles. those he met
with in daily life furnishing his In
sniration. The human form also is
very frequent and nearly always fash
toned with an utter lack of reserve.
y
The frog is found in gold ornaments
with almost as great frequency as
is the monkey in the pottery. The
goldsmith seems to have had great
fondness for it and manufactured 1t
with evident pleasure judging by the
care that seems to have been given
those found in the graves. One of
the largest. with wide iaring legs.
weighed eighteen ounces. The wing-like
hind legs are very common in all the
gold animals and reptiles. Nearly all
the figures Of birds have two and three
sets of these wings, which gives them
the appearance of being about to ny
away.
In many Of the graves and above
ground near the burial places large
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-06-18
INSIDE THE STOVE
b. Harris

and that the road was so rough That
the machines could never make their
way over it This discussion occurred
10 the midst of the winter. and while
it was going on the Hon. George Black.
who was then commissioner. or gov
ernor, of Yukon territory, decided 70
show Narliament that the undertaking
was possible. He thereupon made an
arraneement with c. A. Thomas. the
resident manager of the Yukon Gold
Company at Dawson. to take his forty
horsepower automobile over the trail.
The two startet. out. with George
Porter as chauffeur They left Daw-
son when the road was covered with
snow, and the Thermometer was far
below zero The long winter nights
were at hand and the sun ehone only
for an hour or so every cay Inc
darkness was conquered, in part, oy
locomotive headlight on the front or
the car and by the side lamps.
They made the trip to White Horse
and return within fifty-six hours. OK
which thirty-six hours was continual
running. This covered a distance OF
100 miles. and was an average speed OF
twenty miles an hour for the running
time of the round trip. During the
tourney the thermometer fell to 5s de-
grees below zero. but the air was dead
still. and. wrapped up as they were In
furs. they did not realize the cold until
they came to a roadhouse and found
that they had been riding through
temperature of that nature.
They had to keep the machine going.
for few minutes rest would freeze the
engine and CONCEAL the oil At one
time they had to stop because their
gasoline had given out within twenty
miles of a roadhouse which they had ex-
pected to reach. They had to get dog
team and send to the roadhouse
While they waited the engine froze and
the oil got stiff, and they had to build
a fire under the car with wood from the
forest before they could start off again.
When they had completed the trip
and got back to Dawson the bill for the
road appropriat ion was just about COM
ing to action. The news Of their trip
was telegraphed to- Ottowa and the bill
giving $4,000 for improving the road
was passed.
FRANK G. CARPENTER
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-06-18

copyrighted. 1915. by Frank G. Carpenter.l
WHITE HORSE, Yukon Territory.
L~ NE hundred miles through the
N " wilds of the Yukon in high
N II powered motor car!
Dashing through the virgin
forest in a $4,000 automobile.
Climbing the mountain sides. and fly
ing around the curves at thirty miles
hn hour,
skidding round the cliffs with your
heart in your throat, your soul full of
thrlls and your backbone chilled to
khe marrow,
These are some of the experiences I
have just had with Mr. Herbert
Wheeler. the general manager of the
White Pass and Yukon route on the
overland trail from White Horse to
Dawson. The chauffeur was Cater
pillar Ike and the time was yesterday
afternoon from midday to midnight.
The overland trail begins at White
Horse and it runs through the wilder
hess for a distance of $50 miles to the
mouth of the Klondike. 1t is the short
cut across country from here to the
gold mines. and is more than 100 miles
less than the way there by river. The
road is used to carry mails. passengers
and freight during the cold winter
months when everything in this region
Is 10, xed tight by Jack Frost, and the
the. lometer al times falls to seventy
dec ces below zero.
T re road has been cut right through
tn forest. 1t climbs over ranges of
mountains, it winds it's way through
the valleys and ii crosses swamps, bogS
and sloughs of glacial mud. Here it is
bedded on the rock, there it half floats
on the quicksand, upheld by corduroy
logs. In the spring of the year the
six-horse teams of the mail stage are
often mired to their bellies, and have
20 be lifted from the waxy clay by
block and tackle attached to the trees.
1 In my ride over the road We went
10 the crest of the range beyond Little
liver and then returned to White Horse
10 go down the Yukon by steamer. Our
load wound about like corkscreW IN
Wany parts of its course. AS MI
Mheeer said. it was though the
surveyors had laid their lines along
The trail of a rabbit and the rabbit
was drunk.
The whole trip was a moving picture
bf the wonders of nature. Outside the
Roadway the country is the same as 1t
WAS when Columbus discovered Amer
lea: the same as when the Danes drift
I'd down our coast. about 1000 A D.
hes I venture. the same when old
Cheops built his first pyramid on the
banks of the Nile. With the exception
Of several roadhouses-log huts that
have been put up to give meals 10
kravelers-we saw no sign of human
habitation, and excepting the roads,
bid and new. not one mark of human
effort or work. We were in no danger
of meeting other machines or farm
wagons, although we might have run
down a covey of birds instead of the
usual chicken. or a COX or bear in
place of dog. At one time lynx
bounded in front of our machine from
one side of the road to the other. and
1t another a great flock of grouse
passed with whirr over our heads.
am told that hunters sometimes bag a
good lot of birds by shooting at them
from the automobile.
We saw all sorts of tracks as We rode
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-06-18

for several years, and no one seems
to know what has become of it. 1t
was huge boulder with a large
variety of inscriptions carved and
painted on its upward face. The paint
ed ones were in brilliant colors Which
are said to have withstood the ele-
ments for hundreds of years. The
truth of this assertion cannot now pc
verified because of the absence OF the
stone and because so few people re-
member having seen it.
One of the most valuable finds OF
gold ornaments ever made was dis
covered in a grave by Capt H. j, Wat
son, an Englishman. in the Caldera
valley. not far from the base OF
Eel volcan" The discovery was made
about twenty years ago. when Capt
Watson first began growing conee
While planting trees on the hillside
he accidentally opened an ancient
grave from which he took a handsome
gold belt, which he later sold for
nearly $1,000. The belt was made of
thick plates. fastened together with
heavy gold links. The clasp. or buckle,
consisted of two large gold eagles with
spreading wings as If about to ny
away.
According to stories told of one
huaca hunter, who confines his opera
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-06-18
A STOP AT TAHkEENA ROADHOUSE.

over the trail. The woods are full OF
wild game. There are bears. brown and
black: caribou in great numbers and
wide antlered moose. There are foxes
and lynx and millions of rabbits we
passed groves of small trees every one
of which had been killed by the rab-
bits. They had eaten the bark on dur
ing the winter when the snow was
two or three feet in depth. They would
melted. and a strip of white yard
long could be seen girdling each tree
The bark above and below was dark
green or brown, and the white strips
shone out like ivory against the green
leaves of the bushes
The country along the trail is cut by
streams which are the homes of bea-
vers and muskrats. We saw different
kinds of squirrels. including the go
piers which, molelike, burrow under
the roadway. We crossed many such
burrows, our motor car going down
with a bump that shot our heads up
to the roof.
Upon starting out from White Horse
we were told of a narrow escape that
from a bear only last night. The ma n
had gone out to a lake in the woods
about Ave miles away and had caught
a good bag of fish. He was riding home
on his bicycle when great black bear
came out of the forest with two cubs
at her heels. She rushed for him,
throwing him off the bicycle. He fell
near dead root and grabbed this upon
rising He then hit old bruin blow on
the snout, and before she had time to
recover had mounted his bicycle and
was speeding away. The bear got the
fish.
Our first stop was at twenty-five
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-06-18

wears Of migration from distant lands.
That is there is nothing above ground
chat would give more than a mere clue.
aut underneath the surface. In the
countless graves of their vast burial
niaces, they left valuable evidence from
Ihich fair structure Of their ad-
y.ncement along the road toward high
err things may be reconstructed
Judging solely by the extent and
,uuber OF both the burial places and
the graves, the race must have been a
very numerous and powerful one. Prac-
-seauy the entire district in times past
zane vast cemetery. The race must
80 have been wealthy. In many of
the graves have been found gold or
uaments Of exquisite and artistic work
manship. when the crude tools of the
artisans are considered.
out Of the first discovery of these
~old images has grown a profession. or
S.thsr business, which has its counter
r.vt 1 mo other part of the world, un
xxs the archaeological excavations in
sncient countries may, be regarded
The latter are hardly similar because
they are not followed for gain. The
nnening and despoiling of the ancient
Tndian graves Is purely a matter oi
business, conducted solely for profit.
= only one living thing belonging &c
srst vanished race hes been preserved
I'D handed down TO modern times. u
= the word "huaca.' meaning grave
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-06-18

miles from White Horse. 1t was at the
Tahkeena roadhouse. on the Tahkeena
river. where there is a famous Irish
cook, Jimmy. The roadhouse is made
of gasoline tanks of one hundred gall
Ions capacity. The tank lies on its
side. resting on four legs made of gas
pipe. A stovepipe is fitted into the top
and a door is cut in one end. The re-
suit Is an excellent heating arrange
parts of Alaska. We got a snack at
the roadhouse and had an excellent din
ner there upon our return.
We crossed the Tahkeena river on a
ferry boat attached to a cable worked
by the current; and then rode on for
miles through parklike country,
spotted with groves of pines as high as
a three story house, as straight as an
arrow. and. branches and all: no bigger
around than a nail keg. They main
tanned this diameter from the ground
almost to their tops.
I cannot describe the beauty of these
trees Where they were thick we rode
for miles through walls of green twen-
ty or thirty feet high. and in places
where the trees had been burned by
forest fires the walls were of sable
silver. the dead branches having been
turned to the most exquisite filigree
by the death of the trees. Here and
there were great patches of fallen
trees, making a woodward OF acres
above which rose the great roots In
their skeleton network
The trees here are like those of most
parts of interior Alaska. They grow In
the thin soil which is underlaid by
strata of earth that have been frozen
for thousands of years. The roots &C
down to the ice and then spread out
over the ground. The soil is nowhere
more than half a foot or so deep
When a tree dies you can pull the
stump out, roots and all, and throw II
aside. This has been done In making
the roadway. and the sides Of the road
are lined with brush piles Of such trees
thrown up like fence.
We are accustomed to think of this
part of the world as all snow and ice
This is so in the winter. but in the sum
mer the whole country is like botan'
nical garden and spotted with flowers
During this ride we passed great beds
of freweed, and motored for miles be-
tween hedges of pink flowers, higher
than the wheels of the automobile. The
woods where the forest fires had passed
through were busted with pink bios
SONS, and in the open spaces there
was so much pink that 1t seemed as
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-06-18

anything that goes over 1t. If rail-
road track is built on 1t and not well
protected by drainage. it may disap-
pear during long rainy dnsst season rv
has seeped it's way through.
The whole of the soil here. and this
is true also of a great part Of Alaska,
rests upon a bed OF ice or frozen earth
sands of years. The moss on the top
of the soil acts as an insulator, and
keeps the ice from melting except on
the surface. Indeed. you can dig down
almost anywhere and strike the ice
bed. There are places where the soil
Is so thin that you can scratch away
the moss with your fingers and come
glacial clay 1t Is sound while the moss
covers 1t, but when that is taken away
and water runs in, the clay will uphold
neither man nor horse.
The Overland trail crosses glacial
clay here and there, and the labor of
keepinE 1t in order reminds one Of
that Of Hercules in cleaning the
Augean stables The track has had to
be flled in and remade again and
again. The route is changed from year
to year. Every now and then we pass
ed an old roadbed which was so filled
with boulders that a man could hardly
crawl over 1t. At places we motored
over glacial spots where the roadbed
rose and fell under the weight of the
machine. The country had had no rain
for three months, and during the day
previous enough rain had fallen to
change the whole face of nature. 1t
had affected this glacial clay and turn
ed parts of 1t to the consistency OF
putty. Our automobile weighed over
two tons. and we had to go carefully
where there was any question as to the
character of the clay. At one wet spot
we found ourselves down on the axles,
with the wheels tied fast in the mud
We had to dig out the wheels and
make a place to jack up the car. We
had an axe and a long-handled shovel
with us with a view to such accidents
and we cut down trees and made a
bed of branches in front Of the car
We put a pine track under the wheels
and used a pine tree as lever to aid
the jack in getting the car out of the
mud 1t took US about two hours to
dig the machine out of the clay and
start 1t on the firm roadbed. After that
we turned out and sought new roads
through the grass, and rushed over
the wet spots to prevent the car sink
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-06-18

less ornaments were fashioned by the
Indian artisans reached the Chiriqui
country has never been fully explained.
although there are many theories
There is no gold bearing ore in the
entire district which they inhabited,
although farther to the west, in the
mountains of Costa Rica, there are
gold mines which are known TO have
been worked long before the coming
of the Spanish explorer and conqueror.
II seems probable that the gold OF
the Chiriqui Indian of western Panama
ca me from this source.
Another reason for thinking that
Costa Rics supplied the free gold of
ancient days is that there are many
graves in that country similar to those
similarly fashioned gold trinkets are
found.
II is supposed that the trinkets were
considered valuable by the Chiriqui
Indians because of the trouble and
difficulty with which they procured
their free gold. This. however, does
not hold altogether good for the rea-
son that the aborigines of Costa Rica
seemed to set considerable store by
their ornaments, the gold for which
they obtained with only little trouble
and work. The graves in Costa Rica
are very whit as rich in beaten gold
trinkets as are those in Panama.
Huaca hunting has become bushes,
Only recently. although the existence o.
the golden treasure has been known fol
many years. In none OF the other coun
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-06-18

From this the burial places are called
"huacals." The gold images and orna-
ments found in the graves are named
"huacas," and those who make il
business to unearth the long buried
wealth of the Indians have been given
the name "El Monteros de las Huacas-
There is nothing mysterious or
romantic about the business. 1t is hard
labor But it has its little compensa-
lions: frequently the reward is great.
It has its exciting and interesting side
for the hunter. Until the very inner
most recess of the grave has been in
vaded and carefully searched. he never
knows whether he has made a find or
drawn blank. The work is difficult,
because the once living possessor of
the hunters quest always is buried
deep. and his last resting place is well
protected by several layers of stones.
How the gold from which the count
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-06-18

ing. In some places the movement of
the road as we went over II was as
though we were riding over a blanket
or rubber sheet. Those places were
underlaid with glacial mud.
The only salvation for road of this
kind is to keep it well drained. That
is what will have to be done with the
track of our new railway. and, wher-
ever possible. the moss will be left on
the frozen strata and the road built upon
that. The Overland trail is used almost
altogether during the winter. although
the Canadian government keeps 1t In
such a condition that 1t can be used In
the summer. 1t is on the whole better
than most of Uncle Sans roads in
regular mail service into the Klondike.
The freight and mail. are carried on
great sleds hauled by six horses. There
are relays at the various roadhouses.
Each house has stables for the horses,
and at certain places there are sleeping
arrangements for passengers. AT the
Tahkeena roadhouse 1 saw great
stack of horse feed that had been
cached there for the winter. and at the
Little River roadhouse l saw one of the
sleds used for carrying eggs, oranges
and other perishable articles into the
Klondike when the thermometer may
go to seventy degrees below zero. The
sled was a covered one. large enough
to carry three or four tons 1t was so
arranged that carbon heaters like those
placed in troughs around the bed of the
sled. These heaters keep the tightly
covered load from being affected by
frosts. These sleds were drawn by four
or six horses, according to the state of
the roads. In the spring six-horse
wagons are used.
"
The average charge for freight over
the road is 10 cents per pound. Pas
sengers pay from SIS to $50 a trip, but
this does not include their stay at the
roadhouses. where they charged
$3.50 meal and 50 room. If nothing
happens the trip is made in five days,
and the roadhouse expense is about $40.
In times past the stages carried from
500 to 1000 people a month. and in
March, when the people were going
back to the gold mines. two or three
stages left White Horse every day. Just
now the traffic is light. On the trip fif-
teen teams ARE used and three changes
of horses are made every day, each
team travelling on the average about
twenty-five miles.
The Canadian government has al
ready spent a great deal on the road
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-06-18

though Mother Nature had gone on
spree and painted the whole country
red.
There were so many wild flowers that
! attempted to count them in an open
place where we stopped to put on
new tire. I had picked nineteen va
rieties before the job was completed.
Among them were wild roses of bright
white flowers with petals like those of
a forget-me-not. There were also blue
flowers the names of which l do not
know. and daisies with petals of pink
and centers as yellow as the goldeh
bricks of the klondike.
The MOSES were especially wonder
full There was one that looked like old
ivory. 1t grows close to the grouno IN
great patches. and reminds one OF the
exquisite coral of the Fiji and Samoan
islands. 1t is a tough moss. and can be
kicked UP with the foot. l am told IT
is the favorite food of the reindeer. and
that the caribou paw their way down
through the snow to get to IT; ,,.n+.
/ have always thought of orchids as
confined to the tropics. There are polar
orchids in this part OF the world.
great punches of green that hang high
up in the trees. They are of hue dill
ferent from that Of the branches.
The character of the country varied as
we went onward. Now our way was
across a rolling plain, now the road
climbed the hills, and again it cut its
way through the mountains. At one
break in the hills we could see the hex
range with its peaks capped with per-
petual snow and glaciers marking the
slopes In other places the mountains
were as green as the hills of the Allie
ehenies, and they had the same royal
mantle of purple. Just beyond the TAN
keena river we rode through valley
walled with mountains from which the
earth had been torn by cloudburst
few years ago. The face of the hills
was spotted with clay-colored blotches
rising out OF the green. 1t looked as
though it had been blasted by leprosy
or some mighty plague.
We crossed one little glacial river
after another. and rode through val
leys which are covered with ice In the
winter, and become a souplike slough
in the spring. A great part OF the way
was over what is known as glacial
clay, a kind of earth that will have
much to do with the railroad Uncle
Sam is now building. This clay is
solid when dry. but when moist it as.
sumes the consistency of shoemakers'
wax and, like quicksand. sucks in