davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

The ladies of the Presbyterian
church will hold their Christmas sale
of fancy articles and home baking to-
morrow, beginning at IL o'clock a.
M, in the basement of the church.
At noon a 15-cent lunch will be
served.
Miss Ann Mills returned to Vir-
ginia, Minn., today after spending
her Thanksgiving vacation at the
home of her parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
L. H. Mills. Miss Mills teaches in
the public schools at Virginia.
A 15c Iuncn will be served Tues
day, December 5, beginning at II
o'clock, in the Presbyterian church
Fancy work and plain articles and
also food will be on sale.-Adv.
3d-124
Alvin Olson, son of Mr.. and Mrs. I.
B. Olson, will return to Grand Forks
Wednesday where he is studying
electrical engineering at the Univer-
sity of North Dakota. He is visiting
his parents for few days.
Refreshments will be served dur
ing the afternoon at the Presbyterian
fancy work and food sale Tuesday af-
ternoon.-Adv. 3d-124
Mr.. and Mrs. Roland Fellows, Mr..
and Mrs. J. F. Hermann of Tenstrike
and Mrs. William Blakely of Farley
autoed to Bemidji yesterday. They
attended the Elks' memorial services
at the Grand theater.
Over $50 was cleared at the Bap-
fist ladies' food and fancy work sale
Saturday afternoon in the church
basement. Every article was sold.
About $50 ladies attended the sale
during the afternoon.
Misses Della Hendrickson and
Chesta Sather of Fosston, who have
been the guests of Miss Hendrick-
sons sister, Mrs. Milo Gallinger, for
two weeks, returned to their homes
Saturday afternoon.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

E. N. Ebert returned this morning
from Little Falls where he has been
the guest Of relatives since Thanks
giving day. Mrs. Ebert and son,
Clayton, will return from Little
Falls this evening.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Mr.. and Mrs. Joe Orr returned to
their home at Spur, Mimi, Saturday
after spending several days in the
city. They brought their little boy
to Bemidji for medical treatment.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04
IS S. G. Brown, returned this morn
ing from business trip to Devils
Lake, N. d.

S. c.. Brown returned this morn
ing from a business trip to Devils
Lake, N. D.
Mrs. L. A. LaBaw will entertain
the Entire Nous club tomorrow after
noon. H"'>+ ..#... T.. 3.
$4,000 to loan on FARMS Dean
Land Co.-Adv. d71tf
Ida Hazen of Puposky was the
guest of Mr.. and Mrs. C. A. Bush yes
terday. III.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ole Loe are visiting
friends and relatives in St. Hilaire,
MINI. = ##
Raymond Lord went to Nebish to-
day where he will remain for some
time.
Charles Mosen is spending few
days in the Twin Cities on business.
Mr.. and Mrs. Taylor of Lake Plan
taganet autoed to the city yesterday.
Born, to DR.. and Mrs. w. X. Deni-
son, yesterday, a daughter.
G. w. Voltz has returned from a
visit with friends in Canada.
Attorney Henry Funkley spent.
yesterday at Blackjack.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Richard Bush of Brainerd was the
guest of his brother, G. A. Bush, anG
family yesterday.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

LOW prices grade photos
at Rich Studio, 20 10th St. Phone
d1223
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Mr.. and Mrs. B. w. Lakin and Mr..
and Mrs. w. H. Ryan of Little Falls
autoed to Kelliher yesterday.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

You will find more of the leading
people of Minnesota registered at the
Radisson, than at any other hotel in
the Twin CitieSl-Adv. d3-1-17
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Oscar Nelson, receiving teller al
the Northern National bank, spent
the weekend in Erskine, the guest
of his parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Torge1
Nelson.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur Warner and
Miss Mavis Warner Of Puposky
autoed to Bernidji yesterday and at
tended the Elks' memorial services
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Mr.. and Mrs. W. H. Ryan of Little
Falls, who have been the guests Of
Mr.. and Mrs. B. w. Lakin for a couple
of days, returned to their home to-
day. Mrs. Lakin and Mrs. Ryan are
sisters
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

The Presbyterian Christmas sale of
fancy work and food will be held in
the church basement, Tuesday, De-
cember 5.-Adv. 3d-l24
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

One of these nice days you ought
to go to Hakkerup's and have your
picture taken.-Adv. 14tf
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Mr.. and Mrs. William McCuaig
and children and Mesdames George
Kreatz and T. j. Andrews motored
to Kelliher yesterday. They found
the roads in excellent condition.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Mr. and Mrs. K. McIver and MI
and Mrs. c. M. Bacon autoed t,
Blackjack yesterday.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04
Q1STR So 81 IS
X1 - 8 is doing \&%

E. N. Ebert returned this morning
from Little Falls where he has been
the guest of relatives since Thanks
giving day. Mrs. Ebert and son,
Clayton, will return from Little
Falls this evening.
You will find more of the leading
people of Minnesota registered at the
Radisson, than at any other hotel in
the Twin Cities-Adv. d3-1-17
Mr.. and Mrs. Joe Orr returned to
their home at Spur, Mimi, Saturday
after spending several days in the
city. They brought their little boy
to Bemidji for medical treatment.
Mr.. and Mrs. William McCuaig
and children and Mesdames George
Kreatz and T. J. Andrews motored
to Kelliher yesterday. They found
the roads in excellent condition.
Bring the baby to Mrs. Richardson
for fine Christmas photos. Phone
STOW for appointment. 20 10th St.
ADV. d-1223
Misses Marjory Murphy and Edna
Wright returned to their schools near
Boston Lake Saturday after spending
their Thanksgiving vacation at the
home of their parents at Becida.
Mr.. and Mrs. Perry Collins went
to Turtle River Friday where they
will make their future home. They
have been living in Nymore ward
for the past year.
Mrs. c. G. Shepard, Miss Irene
Lappen, James Lappen, Mrs. A. B.
Flatner and daughter, Lillian, were
guests at the Blackburn farm near
Big Lake yesterday.
We buy hides; Csc per h., at w.
G. Schroeder store, corner 4th St..
and MINI. Ave.-Adv. 1128tf
Albert and Ruby Wheaton of Cass
Lake, who have been guests at the
E. E. Kenfield home since Thanks
giving Day, returned home this
morning.
Oscar Nelson, receiving teller at
the Northern National bank, spent
the weekend in Erskine, the guest
of his parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Torger
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Albert and Ruby Wheaton of Cass
Lake, who have been guests at the
E. E. Kenfield home since Thanks
giving Day, returned home this
morning.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

b The ladies of the Episcopal guild
kWill hold their Christmas fancy work
and food sale in the lobby of the
Grand theater Saturday, Dec. 8.
Many useful and fancy articles suit
able for Christmas gifts have been
made by the members of the guild
and will be on sale.
Harold Hayner, son of Mr.. and
Mrs r. c. Hayner, returned to Min
neapolis last evening where he is a.
student at the University of Mime
sofa. He has been the guest of his
parents during Thanksgiving. Mr.
Hayner is studying mechanical engi-
neering.
If you want to enjoy one of the
greatest comforts of life, drop into
the Longballa & Co. land office and
see one of the new folding bath tubs
demonstrated, and order one right
away. Guaranteed for ten years. 1.
E. Leighton, Agent.-Adv 6d-129
j. G. McGnee, assistant county su-
perintendent of schools, left Satur-
day night for Grygla where he will
visit schools this week. Superin-
tendent Stewart is visiting schools
in the vicinity of Baudette. He ex-
poets to return to the city Wednes-
day.
Miss Arvilla Kenfeld, who has
been the guest of her parents, Mr..
and Mrs. e. E. Kenfield, during the
Thanksgiving vacation, returned to
Minneapolis last evening. Miss Ken
field is attending Mrs. Woods Kin
dergarten school.
y Your visit to the Twin Cities will
b Oe more enjoyable if you stop at this
Famous Hosiery. Excellent Cuisine.
Hotel Radisson, Minneapolis, Mime
sofa. 400 rooms-275 at $3.50 to
$2.5O.-AdV d3-1-17
Mr.. and Mrs. w. H. Ryan of Little
Falls, who have been the guests Of
Mr.. and Mrs. B. w. Lakin for couple
of days, returned to their home to-
day. Mrs. Lakin and Mrs. Ryan are
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Miss Eta Lundstrum returned this
morning from St. Paul where she
spent her Thanksgiving vacation.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

There will be regular meeting of
the Eastern Star tomorrow evening
in the Masonic hall at o'clock.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Miss Jessie Livingston returned to
her school at Big Falls this morning
after spending her Thanksgiving va
cation at the John Essler home.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Miss Esther Funkley went to St
Cloud this morning where she will
attend the normal school.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Bring the baby to Mrs. Richardson
for fine Christmas photos. Phone
STOW for appointment. 20 10th St..
ADV. d-1223
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

LOW prices HIGH grade photos
at Rich Studio, 20 10th St. Phone
57O-W-Adv. d1223
Miss Jessie Livingston returned to
her school at Big Falls this morning
after spending her Thanksgiving va
cation at the John Essler home.
Mrs. Peter Void of Nymore ward
has been the guest of her parents,
Mr.. and Mrs. Swan Walters, of Kel-
liner for the past few days.
You'll enjoy The Radisson, Min
neapolis.-Adv. d3-1-17
to Minneapolis the latter part Of the
week, where they will be the guests
of relatives for few days.
George Wilson, who has spent the
summer and fall in Plentywood,
Mont, returned to Bemidji Saturday.
Mr.. and Mrs. NJ O. Nelson and
Mrs. John Nelson of Pinewood trans
acted business in the city Saturday.
The Hotel of Character and Com
fort. Hotel Radisson, Minneapolis.
ADV. d-3-1-17
Mr.. and Mrs. Ed French and fam
ily- and Mr.. and Mrs. w. 2. Robinson
motored to Blackjack yesterday.
Judge NJ. A. Spooner left Saturday
night for Chicago where he will
transact business for several days.
There will be a regular meeting of
the Eastern Star tomorrow evening
in the Masonic hall at o'clock.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Mrs. Otto Neimeyer and son, Ar
thur, of Hines were the guests O
Bemidji friends Saturday.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Mrs. Peter Void of Nymore ward
has been the guest Of her parents,
Mr.. apd Mrs. Swan Walters, of KEEL
liner for the past few days.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Miss Eta Lundstrum returned this
morning from q St. Paul where she
spent her Thanksgiving vacation.
H. H. Blackwell of the American
Seating company of Minneapolis is
in the city today on business.
Mr.. and Mrs. B. w. Lakin and Mr..
and Mrs. w. H. Ryan of Little Falls
autoed to Kelliher yesterday.
One of these nice days you ought
to go to .Hakkerup's and have your
picture taken.-Adv. 14tf
Miss Esther Funkley went to St.
Cloud this morning where she will
attend the normal school.
Mrs. Otto Neimeyer and son, Ar
thur, of Hines were the guests of
Bemidji friends Saturday.
Mr. and Mrs. K. McIver and Mr..
and Mrs. G. M. Bacon autoed to
Blackjack yesterday.
Richard Bush of Brainerd was the
guest of his brother, C. A. Bush, and
family yesterday.
Mrs. Paul Haluptzok of Tenstrike
was a between train shopper in. the
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Judge M. A. Spooner left Saturday
night for Chicago where he will
transact business for several days.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

You'll enjoy The Radisson, Min
polis.-Adv. d3-1-17
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Attorney Henry Funkley spent
yesterday at Blackjack.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

We buy hides; Csc per h., at w.
G.. Schroeder store, corner 4th St..
and Mimi. Ave.-Adv. 1128tf
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Misses Marjory Murphy and Edna
Wright returned to their schools near
Boston Lake Saturday after spending
their Thanksgiving vacation at the
home of their parents at Becida.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Mrs. C. G. Shepard, Miss Irene
Lappen, James Lappen, Mrs. A. B
Flatner and daughter, Lillian, were
guests at the Blackburn farm near
Big Lake yesterday.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Mr.. and Mrs. Ed French and fam
lily and Mr.. and Mrs. w. z. Robinson
motored to Blackjack yesterday.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

G. w. Voltz has returned from {
visit with friends in Canada.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Mr. and Mrs. Peter Prevorse went
to Minneapolis the latter part Of the
week, where they will be the guests
of relatives for a few days.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

The Hotel of Character and Com
fort. Hotel Radisson, Minneapolis.
ADV. d-3-1-17
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-12-04

Mr.. and Mrs. NJ o. Nelson and
Mrs. John Nelson of Pinewood trans
acted business in the city Saturday.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-01
ltaly's Portion.

The Italian share remains somewhat OBJ
scure II is certain that the Italians are
to have the whole south shore of Asia
Minor from their present seat in Rhodes
to the Russian sphere in the Gulf of Alex
andretta, they are also to extend inland
far enough TO the north. taking all Of the
vilayet of Konia, with an area Of 10000
square miles and population Of slightly
more than a million. But it is also as
serted on good authority that Italy is TO
have the vilayet of Smyrna, with an area
of 26,OOO square miles and population
of 100000.
This province was offered to the Greeks
a year ago, when the Allies sought TO en-
list the Hellenic Kingdom in the fight TO
save Serbia. Venizelos eagerly accepted
the offer. which would have reunited more
than 1,500 900 Greeks 10 Athens and re-
stored the ancient Hellenic hold upon the
mainland Of Asia Minor. But King Con-
stantine rejected the bargain, refusing
Cyprus also, with its $4,000 Greeks.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-01
Greece Left Out.

Unless all signs fail Greece will not have
second chance to acquire Smyrna, and
the best evidence available points either
10 the ultimate establishment of Italian
rule here as we'll as in Konia or else the
continuance of Turkish rule on the west
coast of the Egean. If the Italian claim
is honored, then Italy will have a colony
containing nearly $1,000 square miles and
more than 3,5O0O0O people. She will have
the richest portion Of Asia Minor in her
hands, but she will have q very grave
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-01

or Zionistic state in the Holy Land proves
impossible. Jerusalem will also fall 10 the
French. But this remains a matter for
future discussion.
As for Great Britain, she is to have
Mesopotamia, with the two vilayets Of
Basra and Bagdad, having an area Of
above 100000 square miles and popula-
ton of over 100000. Here again the
people are Arabs, not Turks. In addition,
the Turkish possessions along the Red Sea
will come under British control, although
it is generally expected that the British,
for obvious religious difficulties, will abb
stain from all effort TO take Mecca and
will content themselves with recognizing
some local sheriff. Egypt the British
have already annexed.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-01
Asia Minors Future.

Such is the Russian claim to Turkish
estates. Roughly summarized, 1t includes
Constantinople, Adrianople, both shores Of
the Dardanelles and the Bosporus, with
the northern shore Of the Sea of Marmora
and its islands. together with all Of Arme-
ria: Kurdistan, and possession Of both
shores of the deep Gulf Of Alexandretta,
the point where the Bagdad railroad APP
proaches the Mediterranean. Unques-
tionably this bay will in due time become
the terminus of great Russian railroad
striking inland across the headwaters Of
the Euphrates to the slopes Of the eau
casus and thence by tunnel under this
chain to European Russia.
By contrast with the Russian claims,
those of France, Italy and Britain are
modest in the extreme. France is TO have
all of Syria, from the Gulf of Alexandretta
to Palestine, region having an area a
little more than half of that Of France;
that is. 10000 square miles and popula-
ton of nearly 100000. Beyrut, Aleppo,
Damascus, Antioch and HONS are to fall
to the French. In this region the French
now have great interests; they own the
chief railroads. the docks at Beyrut and
they have long had political rights in the
Lebanon. The people Of the French sphere
are not Turks. but Arabs; they have long
sought to escape from Turkish rule, and
French colonial experiences in Arab North
Africa will aid France in her great task
here.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-01

to that of Spain, something less than a
third may be included in a semi-indepen-
dent Armenian state under Russian pro-
lection and including al or portions Of the
vilayets of Karput, Sivas, Adana and
Erzerum, with certain other fringes Of
territory. But even if Armenia obtains
this measure Of unity its poltical destinies
will manifestly remain in Russian hands.
How many Armenians will survive the
terrible Turkish massacres still continuing
remains another and disquieting problem.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-01
Bv FRANK H. SIMONDS,
Author of "The Great War"
eopvriqbt 19I6-Tbe Tribune Ass n.

n d U n - II
the Near East. and, seated at Cairo and
Port Said, Great Britain could see Rus
sian advance to Gallipoli without appre-
hension. Moreover, between Petrograd and
London there had been a partition OF
spheres, which assigned Mesopotamia and
Southern Persia to the British and brought
about a liquidation of old rivalries quite
comparable to the famous Anglo-French
agreement of 1904, which marked the be-
ginning of the new phase in European
history leading straight TO the present con-
fict.
Constantinople Vital to Russia.
The progress Of the Great War has dem
onstrated how essential 10 Russian safety
f. the possession Of the Straits. When Tur-
kev entered the war Russia was auto
r,a+icaTv cut off from her allies save
through the ports of Archangel and Vladi-
vostok. closed by ice for nearly half the
wear. While the Turk barred the southern
cate at the Bosporus and the Dardaneiles,
tho German held the northern portal in the
Baltic.
II was TO this isolation that is to be
ascribed the terrible Russian disaster oil
the Dunajec year and half ago. DIS
aster that would have been avoided mad
France and Britain been able TO munition
tbeir aIlv. whose armies, still victorious
collansed through lack Of ammunition. FOR
Russia the Turkish incident was more
costly than all else in the struggle, ana az
long az the German Emperor holds ooth
the main gates 10 Russia the SITUATION
,o,st endure. Not until Russia acquires
an exit on the open sea can she, in fact De
independsnt Of German will, or escape tne
subserviency 10 German purpose WHICH
has been revealed in the past.
Accordingly, there has been made per
s.c,lv clear 20 the whole world the Russian
denomination 70 possess Constantinopie.
once the Gar is seated on either side OF
tho Straits the Black Sea becomes NUS
,iao lake; Northern Asia Minor, held on
The east at Erzerum and Trebizond' on
49,, ,yest AZ the Scutari and Bigha PENN
s,Jas will become in reality huss'an
To ,bi. purpose France and Britain nave
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-01
The New French Colony's Borders.

Roughly speaking, this new French col
ony, will extend from the Mediterranean
10 the Arabian desert and the west bank
of the Euphrates. 1t will touch the Holy
Land on the south and the Russian sphere
on .the north. not far from Alexandretta.
It Is conceivable that, If an international
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-01
To Warm Water at Last.

But it is the Russian phase Of the par.
tition Of Turkey which is the most inter.
estIng. By taking COnstantinople and the
shores Of the Straits, Russia will acquire
the exit 70 warm water that she desired.
But by taking both Armenias and APP
preaching the Mediterranean at Alexan-
Gretta, Russia will actually cut off Asia
Minor from the rest of the Continent, and
it is hardly too much TO believe that some
future day will see the Russian absorption
Of any morsel Of territory left to the
Turk. In this way Russia would acquire
an unbroken land approach TO the Straits
and the whole south shore OF the Black
Sea. As to the British. French and Itsl-
ian spheres, all save perhaps the French
may well be regarded by the Slav as tenn
porary disper>als of territories destined TO
fall at last under his control, when the
hour comes TO restore the Byzantine Em-
pire under Russian control.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-01

menians in recent months-the deliberate
attempt Of the Turk to exterminate the
Armenian race-have brought complete
agreement in all the Allied nations that
Christian populations shall not again be
returned 10 Osmanli rule.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-01

Opyrlgh - o. l
Prom the very outset Of the conflict,
from the hour when German warshlps
sampeaed Turkey into Tire Great War, II
has been generally and authoritatively as
ssTted that Russia would make no peace
Until she was assured possession Of Con-
s:antinop.e. Less generally known has
been the RI an determination 20 acquire
. second window on the sea, that window
which would be furnished by the Gulf OF
Alexandretta. Yet this latter purpose
uncerIies the Armenian campaign and
nay prove ore Of the most interesting de-
tails Of the Ultimate treaty Of peace.
Several centuries have passed since
Peter the Great sought % obtain for the
Nuscyute Empire an open door on warm
water. Legend reports that he added a
e'dicil % his last win and testament, which
vas, In effect, c3rgand laid upon those
E'manoss who c3after him 70 acquire
Constantinople.
Whether VI not there be truth in the
sgsnd, and there is probably no truth, the
Woe policy u Russia since Peter, save
iSr the brief interruption when Russia
ssn, % the Far East and acquired and
@s' Port Arthur, has been directed tow
si he acquisition Of Constantinople.
iEee Ia the last century Russian armies
ap,roached Stamboul a third time, in the
-nnean War. Russian desire was only
saetksd BY a British and French military
1yefii.on ~ The Black Sea.
Before The Congress " Berlin, Russia
'ao al but won her way. Her armies had
''2ehec San stefano, a conquered Turkey
'aH agreed " terms which forecast the
W Of Osmanii rule in Europe and the
usa'ion u a Bulgaria which should be
= ward and servant Of Petrograd. But
Etrlin the Treaty of San Stefano was
on Up ard the sacrifices and conquests Of
asa vsnt for nothing before the com
NC forces ~ Austria, Great Britain and
''rnany.
"to &c coming ~ the present war,
- before II, British statesmen had laid
NE her hostility % Russian possession
We DsrdaneIles. The digging Of the
~ Canal had changed the situation Ia