davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1916-09-08
MONMOUTH


E. L. Keezel, formerly principal O
the Monmouth high school. was city
visitor last week. Mr.. keezel has ac
cepted a position for this year in the
department of education and reader
in the extension department of the
University of Oregon.
Rev. and Mrs. W. A. Elkins are
enjoying a vacation trip up the Co
lumbia highway. While their parents
are away the Elkins children are with
their grandparents, Mr.. and Mrs. W.
A. Woods.
Mr.. and Mrs. W. f. Smith urge au-
tomobilists who enjoy wonderful trips
TO consider the one they have Just
completed; through Oregon. including
stops at Crater Lake. Hartman S
Lodge and the Oregon caves.
Miss Lila Dobell has gone to Cor
wallis to take up her duties as assist
ant in the Librarian 5 office.
Mrs. Anes. who has been critically
i'll, is reported as much better.
Ivan Wood has left the city fol
Union, Oregon. where he will take up
his duties as principal of the gram
mar grades.
Rev. H. Schuknecht of Portland.
presiding elder of the Evangelical
district, will peach in the Evangelical
church Saturday evening at eight and
Sunday morning at eleven.
Monmouth high school will open
Monday. September is.
The Oregon State Normal school
will open Monday morning for regis
tration of students. Actual work COM
mences Tuesday morning. The train
ing school will open Monday morning
Is.
6. Aynes of Denver, Col, and Her
bert Aynes of Nemoka. Neb.. and
Mrs. H. c. Stokes of Nebraska are
with their mother here.
Miss Angelina Boiler OF Pendleton /
IS the guest of Mr.. and Mrs. d. NJ 1
Hampton this week. She is on her
ray to Eugene to attend the Univer-
iity of Oregon.
Mr.. and Mrs. Emmit Stats we're
n from their farm Monday.
After spending their vacation at
Eugene, Mr.. and Mrs. Philip Mulkey ]
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1916-09-08

of Mrs. M. I. Conger near Suver, Fri
day.
W, E. Buell. has sold his driving
horse to E. B. Gobat of Suver
Miss Turner of Airlie spent Sun
day with Miss Leah Nash. Miss
Turner is getting girls to ride in the
Albany roundup.
Jim Nash of Salem spent Sunday
at the home of his parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. Jake Nash.
Rev. Burns of Rickreall preached in
the Evangelical church Sunday.
Rev. Wall and daughter, Esther,
left Saturday for Yoncalla. Mr. Wall
is going to officiate at a wedding in
that place.
Ed Prather was a business caller
in Portland this week.
Prof Buell. is on the sick list this
week.
E. B. Gobat and Rastus Peterson
were Corvallis business callers Tues
day.
John Sutton lost a valuable horse
this week.
N. C. Anderson purchased a horse
from Mr.. Bailey of Albany.
Mrs. John Baldwin and Miss Lilly
Nixon of Linnton came up this week
to visit relatives and to pick hops.
Guy Peterson. who has been work
ing in Oregon City, is visiting friends
and relatives here.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1916-09-08
BALLSToN
+ + + i. + j. T. + + + + + 4 j. =

Mrs. Nancy Newbill injured her
shoulder and arm quite badly Thurs
day by fall. She was taken to Nc
Mlnnville to DIR. Goucher She has
gone to Dallas to stay with her daugh-
ter, Mrs. Rea Craven, for few days.
John Lamm of Carlisle, Wash, vis-
lted his mother the latter part of the
week.
Peter Cook returned home Satur-
day from Chehalis, Wash, where he
has been attending the races.
Rice Cook has purchased some
property near the school house. w.
I'll. Sears and family, who have been
living there, have moved to their
property in the west end of town.
A son was born to Mr.. and Mrs. R.
FL. Brooks Saturday.
The late W. A. Keyt was well known
here. He formerly owned the Newbill
hopyard.
Most of the tbreshers have been
stopped this week because the grain
was not ready.
Several of the Campfire girls spent
a few days this week camping in the
hills back of Willamina. Those GO
ing were Misses Doris and Helen
Ball, Sadie and Lola Wineland, Iva
kenworthy and Jane Rand
Monday, September 25, has been set
as the date for the opening of school
here.
Mrs. J. R. Bowman and Mrs. G.. w. |
Haynes were Sheridan visitors Satur-
day.
Mr.. and Mrs. W. J. Etherton Wis
tied their daughter, Mrs. Effie Fisher
at Independence Saturday and Sun
day.
F. L. Sechrist shipped a carload of
grain to Portland Saturday.
Miss Hattie Teats was here from
Dallas on business Friday night.
Maurice Campbell returned here
evening after several
weeks absence in Washington.
George Conner hauled baled hay to
own and stored it in the Tatom barn.
J. NJ. Agee returned Saturday from
several weeks visit with his chill
Iren in eastern Oregon.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1916-09-08
: OAK DALE .
+ + + + + + + + + = Z. + i. j i. i !,

Hoppicking commenced in the Hub.
bard hop yards Monday. Ralph ward
picking commenced Wednesday. Stell
McCarter will not pick hops on the
Hallock place as he does not consider
the price of hops justifes the ex-
pense of picking, The Dennis yard
will be picked by the Jim Hubbard
crew.
Mrs. James Wilson and family of
Dallas are picking at the Ralph ward.
Mr.. and Mrs. L. G. Miller, Misses
Vera and Maude Miller, George Rob-
inson, Mr.. and Mrs. Ed. Rodgers, Mr..
and Mrs. Stell McCarter. Alb Burnett
o. E. John, Joe Dennis and Don Mil
Ter are among the piclers in Jim Hub
bard's yard.
The families of Junes Ross, J. S.
Macomber, the Ruce family of Falls
City, and Clarence Sellers family.
are picking in the Stanton yard. The
Clifford family, John Macomber and
Mr. and Mrs. Paym are among the
jim Hubbard pickers.
Mrs. Paym is quite sick.
Letters from Oklahoma say that
Mrs. Arthur Hepner, formerly of this
place and Dallas, is in very poor
health.
George Tate of Willamina, who was
born and raised in this neighborhood,
is very low with consumption.
The machinery at the cement quar-
ry is being repaired and remodeled.
Lert Miller is among the workman
there.
Jim Crowder is drying Jim Hub
bard crop of hops and Henry Wess-
ling is the fireman. Gus Bowman is
drying for Mr.. Stanton and Fred
Oaf is firing.
Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Mcneil of
Walla Walla are here during hop
picking.
Joe Murphy and family have gone
o the Moulson hopyard near Rick
'eall, Mr.. Murphy will dry, Vernon
will fire and Mrs. Murphy and Emer-
ION will pick.
Mr.. Stelling has gone with his fam
ly to the Farley hopyard.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1916-09-08
PERRYDALE


Wheat threshing is about completed
in and around Perrydale and thresh-
ing and clover hulling is in full swing
since the recent rains have ceased.
The Perrydale Milling company is
having a busy time taking in grain
this season. The wheat crop is much
larger than was anticipated at Perry
dale.
Work is progressing fine on the new
road over the Goetz and Damewood
hills.
+. E. Lynn and wife and Alfred
Enes returned yesterday from a ten
days fishing and hunting trip on the
Mckenzie. Frank reports a good time
but did not bring home any deer
horns.
J. f. Yoakum and sister, Mrs.
Bratcher, visited D. 7. Hodges at
recently at the home Of his
son. Ed. Hodges.
A. H Scholes and daughter. Ethel,
left Saturday for their home in Mis-
souri, after a visit Of several weeks
with relatives and friends hers.
B. H. Friar has gone to Eola to
work for Thos. Holman through hop
picking.
W. H. Russell was visiting last
week up in Washington. he came
home Sunday accompanied by two sis
ters. who are staying with him for
awhile.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1916-09-08

nolds was here on business the first
of the week.
W. Woods and wife are cooking fol
the shipknee camp.
Mr.. Sharas, who lives on Berry
creek, has been very sick but is re-
ported some better.
Mr.. Ridgeway of Buell. was a call
er here Tuesday.
DR.. E. F. Adams, dentist of Port
land, is here for a short time.
=. ~. W. Packard, our blacksmith, is
kept very busy of late.
Prof. S. W. Noblet left Wednesday
for Coquille, where he will teach
this year.
Miss Hiltibrand of Monmouth was
caller here Monday.
Sam Burk was transacting business
here Wednesday.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1916-09-08

and Mr.. and Mrs. C. E. Force, Mrs.
Mulkey's parents, left for Arlington.
Miss Margaret Rice and Ranie
Burkhead left for Shaniko. where
they will teach the coming year.
Glen Work left for The Dalles,
Monday, to teach school.
Monmouth is about deserted. A
number OF the people have gone to
the hop yards. The yards here have
been considerably damaged by the
late rains.
RALPH Dodson and wife of the
Lllckiamute were in town on business
Tuesday.
Grain is coming into the ware
house at lively rate. Tuesday there
was about 25 teams waiting to un-
load.
Carl Polan and wife returned home
from the Yaquina country Monday.
Mr' Polan has been working on the
new roads in Lincoln county.
Joe Ietherow has large force of
men and teams at work on the new
grade at the Helmick bridge.
Wash Gibson, formerly of Mon
mouth, but now of West Salem, was
In Monmouth this week selling peach
es.
Louis Williamson of Wells has
rented the Goodman house for the
school year.
Mrs. Rubin Fuller of Montana is
The guest of her sisters and brother.
IT, ii. Moran, the candidate for con-
stable on the republican ticket.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1916-09-08

cific City last week and report that
the roads are good.
J. P. Bones has had his clover
threshed and is well pleased with the
work. He says that he received a
good supply of seed, which he will
sell.
Mrs. j. P. Neufeldt and twins are
very well.
David Rempel, a brother of all the
Rempels around here, has been visit
ing his relatives. He left for Kansas
Tuesday evening to finish his studies
in Bethel college.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1916-09-08
SMITHFIELD
; s++++++++++++++ = =

The early threshing is now COM
pleied and the late grain is being
threshed.
Hop picking has begun.
Miss Elizabeth Diehm has been
clerking for Kliever and Klassen in
Dallas for some time.
The prune crop will be quite heavy.
Good prices are in view.
Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Kliever. VIII
Kodad Of this place, Mr.. and Mrs. D.
Reddecopp and son, and John Kliever
of Dallas went by automobile to Pa
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1916-09-08

Pc Catholic church
Thursday of last
a Mrs. George Car
Hr and children are
touple of weeks.
hiteaker went to
p a short outing.
H left for Portland
khe will visit her
Ward, for a eou-
hth Of Dallas was
lister, Mrs. W. W.
t and family have
n Bar View after
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1916-09-08
EALL I
+ + + + = 1

hson, Mrs. l. w.
Hrs. William Hill
pnith were Dallas
Week.
around here are
hrdS and the Ed
returned from a
\ and Mrs. J. ].
Fisitors in Salem.
p was a Sunday
ents.
les of Sheridan
last week with
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1916-09-08
|ovE
= Il =. Il =. q.

his grain to
grain one day
Hdgar.
oln this neig'hbor-
Yes aid at Mrs.
thursday of last
Rickreall caller
h w hlte were
latter part of
this vicinity are
TO the Crowley
eshed last week
was a Rickreall
He'd horses last
lkinS representa-
N. Edgar visited
I slStar ono dav
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1916-09-08

y Dallas visitor
y week.
" Trent were
ia6on spent last
y Salem.
h MI Grove Wis
day.
we'll attended
esk at the home
nlef, oL Ddi-
I J. William
last week.
8tf went to Dal-
~ patient at the
Saturday to be
Crowley ware
4 was a Salem
last week.
Mccoy caller
Rhodes, went
attend school.
ma to Indepen-
and family 1
Sunday and
ohn Arms and
ccompanied by
Edgar Of Oak
and daughter,
week in New
aturday.
ed grain Satur-
but laid off for
of the rain.
Illy of Corvallis
<turday on their
eek s outing at
Lou Faist came
|Irday.
Greenwood Wis
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-07-29

screens. so that the rock. gravel and
sand are carried away and every bit
az gold IS caught in layers OF cocoa
r-t martine rot unlike that used on an
office room floor At the close Of each
az entity four hours the mats containing
lhe gold are lifted out and washed i'm
a tub. The gold and black sand fall To
the bottom and the mats are put back
again
Machines Like Grain ThrcSherS.
This, in brief. is the way Joe Boyle
mines gold. II is only in brief Ii gives
uo conception of the mighty dredges
ard the other machinery used iu the
handling. I despair Of describing the
dredges Each is as hig as a seven
story Block. IL is 1870 feet long and so
leet wide. and il weighs 1000 tons.
The machinery is Of manganese steel.
although thi~ is incloSed IN wooden
framework made on the Sround
This giant is moved 10y electricity.
The falling water from the mountains
twenty miles off gives it its power.
and makes IL work as though IL had
l'-sins. II is the nearest live thing 1
have ever seen in machinery. IL has
u walks, as ~ were. up the valley.
-ousinE out ITS pathway and carrying
lie pond Of water 900 which 10 swims
with IL as 10 goes Zach of the legs Us
q square tube OF steel which weighs
- tons Tt runs 90 the top Of the
drcdse and AZ the bottom ends i'm q
steel point which is dr0prcd FAR dow,
Igto the bed of the river. with this
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-07-29

IS an anchor the dredge swings
erouud an are 500 feet long. When this
Las zone down 20 bed rock il moves a
little and sinks its other leg into the
earth and thus cuts another two feet
swinging back and forth until all the
.a1th i'm front of II down TO oed rock
has passed through the dredSe. At the
same time the debris Is carried away
ON a steel framework by a moving belt
at the back much like the chaff and
straw OF "a threshiuS machine. This
debris consists of bouldcrs and gravel
which are piled up in ragged path OF
desolation behind
Profits More Than <1.OoO.0OO Year
Each Of these dredCes viii handle
500 tons OF rock in an hour and keep
Up that average all the day through
II viii handle 1900 600 cubic yards
i'm season The three dredges now
rs orkinc will actually handle more
than 5000 coo cubic yards OF such ma
tcrial this year. or enough TO fill a
train almost as Ions as the distance
around the earth one days output
OF a SinEle dredge would comprise
l-.0uo loads of ton and a half each.
OF each team of two horses resting on
tie tailhoard Of the wagon in front.
the wagon train would be sixty miles
long. Each Wasouload would contain
90 cents worth Of gold. and Of that
about Is cents would lie profit This
seems very little as To the individual
ton. but 10 amounts all told to more
than a million dollars year.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-07-29

nav Here the forces of nature about
hsm were again brou-ht 10 hear ON the
,.ncstion He found that the klondikc
Itself would serve for this job. All
that he had to Il o was 10 dam IL i'm
rllces and turn the course of the river
ihis way and that The current soon
washed off the moss and the muck and
when turned again left the gravel just
light for the work OF .he sun.
Three DredEes GOIge the Earth.
The next process was to handle the
melted material with such economical
machinery that not an ounce of energy
- a cent OF expense went 20 waste lie
investigated the subject Of dredSes and
had some OF the largest Of these ma
chimes that have ever been built made
for the purpose. lie experimental and
had them made better and better He
then brought them i'm pieces by sea 20
SSaSway and carried them over the
mountains and down tne ukon TO
Dawson and put them to work. His
ca edges each cost in the neiChborhoOd
of d half million dollars apiece and he
has three of them. which are now lift
ing up the bed OF the klondike valley
and turning il, as il We're, upside down
The dredges souGe out the earth to
depth OF thirty or forty feet. taking up
rock OF all sorts from powders as big
as "A half bushel basket To earth as fine
49, the flour Of which mushroom crack
are made They lift this stuff 10
-reat steel buckets al 4 ton TO the
bucket. To the height OF Il siN-story
house, and pour 1t through revolving
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-07-29

line. IL is being crossed with a hardy
related species that yields fruit Of no
particular value. Incidentally. the
plant breeders are developing a race
OF melon trees thar viii bear male
and female flowers or the same tree.
To Combine the sexes.
This in itself is a very curious mat
ter For IL appears that. a ordinarily
grown in the tropics. the melon trees
are mostly males, or "drones. as they
are called. bearing no fruit But now
and then one is found that combines
the sexes No great difficulty IS eN-
pected i'm developing race CO such
trees. every one Of which viii be pro-
ductive. as is the case with the apple
and the pear
small tree melons. weighing not
more than a pound and q half. are most
desira BILE for the table. and means are
being taken 10 create varieties that
VIII produce them. Also they should
he as near spherical as possible. TO
please tho housewife who goes TO
market Tut other varieties that yield
big fruit, for poultry food and FOR
'papain.' are demanded
Introducing the ChayOte.
Another valuable fruit newly intro
duced by the plan- bureau is the
-chayofe. relative Of the cucumber.
II grows on a climbing vine. hut the
cucumbcr. The vine is suita BILE FOR
cultivation on arbors and fences as far
north as the Carolinss. and furnishes
delicate and most desirable winter
vegetable.
The fruit has more delicate flavor
and texture than the summer squash.
and makes an admira BILE salad for use
with mayonnaise dressing. IL may
he Stuffed and baked fried with bat
ter IS fritters, cooked with meat in
stews. or made into a sauce like apple
sauce The vines. grown indoors as pot
plants. are very decorative
The "chayote" is pear shaped. smooth
and spuy. slightly corrueatsd. and has
single flat seed. There are white
and green varieties. The fruits are
sprouted before planting them. whole
and the vines may ne trained over
treIlises or outhuildiugs They are
an adornment TO porch An acre Of
land viii yield many thousands or the
fruits. avera sinr pound aniccc-
Juiube Comes From Chinn.
The plant bureau has obtained from
northern China. for introduction into
cultivation in our own country. the
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-07-29

much priced -jujube. a plump. shiny
brown fruit. which may be eaten fresh
dried. or preserved in sugar. several
varieties have been secured among
them the bottle iuiube.' ohlong in
shape. which is made ready for table
use by sOa king 10 for a couple OF
months in weak spirits
Another variety. from the province
Of ShantunC. Is small i'm size. very
sweet. and delicious when boiled with
rice II IS called ~seedlesS its kernel
being so soft that dissolvinS in the
mouth. u Is practically unuotlcea bic
\ consignment OF this kind Of juiube is
sent every year 20 the court of PekinS-
Then there is the honey jujube.
which. as prepared for eating. is much
like the Persian date In appearance
IL is boiled In sugar and water ana
dried-which gives II a shrivelled ap-
pearsnce. When this kind OF jujube is
developed into a market product in the
United States IL is sure to be in much
demand by manufacturers or contec-
tons
Develops Extraordinary Blueberrf-
The bIueberry. Of course. is familiar
native fruit but the plant bureau has
recently developed IL i'm extraordinary
way through cultivation Miss Liza
beth G. White. OF New Lisbon y -l-- IS
The first person to "a Ike up the business
Of growing the new giant blueberries
for market. and she is making money
by IT, Her hlueberries are nearly
three fourths OF an inch IN diameter
The average wild burberry IS uot
much bigger than q huckleberry. hut
once in while one comes across
bush that bears blueberrieS or eN-
ceptionaI size and flavor. q superior
variety accidentally created by nature.
such bushes Miss White has searched
for with untirinE industry, and has
transplanted to her garden
one bush viii serve for planting a
area, furnishing hundreds
of cuttings. and the progeny can he
reckoned upon 10 Weld ueberrIes q =
big and fine as those propduced by
the parent plant. But II Is important
that more than one original stock shall
be represented in the plantation. be-
cause frequent cross matiuSS between
varieties through the help OF the pol
len carrying bumblebec- are requisite
Starts Cuttings Ir ColdframeS-
Miss White starts her BURBERRY
cIinnina-s in muslin shaded coldframeS.
under which conditions they grow with
creat rapidity. Later on they are SET
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-07-29

arittIe and in this frozen mass is found
the gold
Makes sun DO the ThawinE.
TN the rich creeks where the GuC-
-cuhcims have been operating the
earth carries values to the amount OF
g. or q" cents worth Of gold 20 the
ru- IT pays 10 thaw the ice out h.
steam. hut this can ne done only at a
80 st Of about 80 cents TO the ton In
tie Boyle concessions. where the cartn
carries only 26 cents worth OF gold.
some other method OF thswing had 10
he found for the steam point process
would cost cents more ncr ton than
fhc possible output. Mr.. Bowie studied
tie problem and decided 10 ma ke the
:'tIn and the river do his work for him.
re found that If he could get rid OF
the muck and the moss. the great non
conductor that covered the frozen mass.
the sun would gradually make its way
aown TO bedrock. Il would thaw the
earth to a depth OF ten feet in tn.
..IfImer and the next winters freezing
would make solid only about six feet
uf this thawiug. He found that when
The next summer came the sun would
poke its RAYS through the SIX feet OF
the ice made i'm the last winter and
then jump through the thawed ground
lift from the last summer and melt
four Of five feet more of the ancient
Ice strata below. In short, if the
De- SIS could be taken away. the sun
would melt its way 10 bedrock
Then came the question how TO get
tie muck off at price that would
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-07-29

w TASHINGTON d. c. July %
w Jacks tabled beanstalk had
nothing on" a new kind %
fruit tree that is being introduced in
this country by the government plant
bureau. Nothing. al all events. so
far as rapid growth and bearing are
concerned
Furthermore, the tree i'm question
bears melons. real ones much re-
sembliug cantaloupes. though with a
flavor peculiarly their own And the
biggest of these melons weigh as much
as 20 pounds apiece.
Think OF e. fruit tree that grows
from cutting 20 height Of 10 or -
feet in one summer. and in its first
season bears as heavily as 10 year old
apple tree. OF all the remarkable
plants introduced in this country from
foreign climes within the last few
years IL is tnc most astonishing
Fruit Grows In One Cluster.
The plant bureau says that the out
put OF this melon tree Is destined 10
be one Of the most important OF our
agricultural crops. Its fruits are egg
shaped. Of "a beautiful yellow color. and
are borne IN an odd way, being clus-
tered in one huge bunch close 10 the
single hranchlcss stem or trunk
Growing like a cornstalk, as one
iAlEIl say the tree trunk. itnolEn a
ioot thlckl may be cut clear through
with a single blow Of machete. the
sugar cane knife Of the tropics. IL is
customarilv disposed OF in this simple
way after two or three years of
growth, IN order 10 make room FOR
newly planted melon tree slips.
Its large palm like leaves are used
ln the tropics for a curious purpose.
being wrapped about tough meat 10
make the latter tender They have
stance called "papain." a natural di-
.cstiNe agent that is employed nova
days 10 a considerable extent in medi-
cine
Fruit Like yellow CantaIoupe.
The fruit is described as delicious.
" hen cut. its interior resembles that
OF a yellow cantaloupe. but the color OF
the flesh is a deeper orange. Apparent
ly the tree that bears il originated
somewhere I'm the American tropics.
probably in Mexico or. Central America.
To make n available for cultivation
in the United States. north OF the frost
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-07-29

raakng through
whose like
- that
quiet picture Of
clear blue bell OF the k smoke seakng the serpent
and thought lot did all
thing boats and Here thing
Out hummed narrow corridor in I
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-07-29

Mai Charles Hines formerly vice
president and general manager of the
southern Pacific railroad. and the only
graduate of West Point who has filled
all railway opcratinE positions from
freight bra kerua 10 wee president has
offered his services to the United states
LEar dow rtmcEt-