davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1916-01-02

ment under Section 1851, Revised
Statutes. 1t may be stated. on the
other hand. that they are necessary as
a means OF recruitment and mainte-
nance CT organizations at the minimum
strength, and that q certain amount OF
display is necessary.
To this reasoning 1t may be replied
that IL the organized militia Is to be
taken seriously by it's members 1t must
be considered only as a field force. a
force of trained and partially trained
men available in case of emergency to
take the ield as part of the first
line OF defense of the nation. Its train
ing and equipment should therefore be
with that end in view only, !. e., from
the viewpoint of national reserve
force. therefore public money appro-
priated for its support should be spent
with this object in view.
able to expect popular support for the
organizations of State If at all times
when appearing before the public these
organizations, are shown to be fully
equipped and in readiness to take the
field, as II is to expect such support II
they should appear uniformed and
equipped for purposes of ceremony and
display. 1t is pleasure TO add in this
connection that this office has been Of
ficiaIly informed that the authorities OF
the State of Michigan have discarded
the dress uniform for the organized
militia of that State.
The Washington herald., 1916-01-02
WEEK in MARCH SET
ASIDE FOR BABIES
More Than 400 Communities In
United States VIII Discuss
Their Needs.

Nineteen hundred and sixteen is Baby
Year. The facts about American babies
the needs Of American babies, and Amer
ica's responsibility to her babies will this
year be known as never before, because
the first week in March will be Baby
Week throughout the country.
More than 100 communities, represent
ing every State in the Union, are already
laying their plans for Baby Week, &C
cording to the Children's Bureau Of the
United States Department of Labor, In
order that during those seven days the
needs of the babies may be so presented
that all the parents in those communities
will learn a little better how to care for
their babies, and all the citizens will
realize that they have a special obligs-
ton to safeguard the conditions sur
believed by those who are interested in
this nationwide Baby Week that the re-
mainder OF the year will be marked by a
strengthening of all community sctivi-
ties for saving babies lives and giving
them a better chance to grow to
healthy maturity.
The Baby Week idea originated in Chi
cago not quite two years ago. Then
New York had a baby week. and Pitts
burgh and other cities Such practical
benefit has in each case resulted that
the General Federation Of women's
Clubs has undertaken to promote this
observance.
The Federal ChiIdren's Bureau believes
that Baby Week will give more parents
a chance to learn the accepted principles
of infant care, and will awaken every
American to his responsibility for the
deaths OF the 10000 babies who. accord
ing to the census estimates die every
year before they are twelve months old.
Therefore, the Chldren's Bureau has
prepared a special bulletin Of practical
suggestions for Baby Week campaigns,
adapted to the varying needs of commu-
mites Of different types. Copies Of this
bulletin may be bad free OF charge from
the Children's Bureau in washington
The Washington herald., 1916-01-02

pliers pattern sttachsble to the service
rife and bayonet.
1t is designed to cut any strand Of a
barbed wire fence by the simple act OF
lungfng at IL with the bsyonet II can
be attached to or detached from the
rife in a moment by the mere act Of
fixing or unfxing the bsyonet When
50 attached II does not interfere with
the use Of rife or bayonet as such. IL
weighs no more than the current pattern
of hand wire cutter as issued In India
The advantages claimed for II are
the following: That the soldier attack
ing an entangiement can demolish IT
while still retaining his rife In his hands,
ready for instant use with bullet or
bayonet. instead Of having 20 sling It
or lay II down, as Is the case II he is
using the hand wire cutter; that owing
TO the leverage obtained and TO the
utilization of the weight Of man and
rife In closing the jaws Of the cutter,
thicker wire can be cut than with the
hand pattern in which the Leverage is
less. as the applicable force Is limited
70 the strength Of the mans grasp; that
a wire ENHANCEMENT can be more rapidly
DESTROYED than with the hand pattern.
and the wire adjusts itself automatically
in the jaws instead of having to be
felt for.
The Washington herald., 1916-01-02
Isham Shell Rejected

Owing to the unanimous recon-
me ndation of the Fiske board. the
Secretary of the Navy has decided not
to conduct any further experiments
with the IshRm shell.
In a recent statement the Secretary
declared that this conclusion was
reached after fourteen months OF eI-
periments. This. however. will prob
ably not prevent Mr. Isham from re-
yiving his claims in Congress, where
for over ten years the merits Of his
she'll have been the subject Of bitter
controversy. The persistent inventor
is usually able TO convince some
member of Congress that the various
boards that have reported unfavor-
ably upon the shell are In error and
that owing to some sinister Influence
the navy refuses to take advantage
of his invention.
Former Representative Hobson be-
came very much interested in the
Isham scheme for explosive shells and
through his efforts a number Of ap-
propriations were made TO pay the ex-
penses of tests. In testing the IshAm
and other explosive shells about
Sl0O, 900 has been spent in one way
have been made before committees Of
Congress. and army as well as navy
boards have investigated the subject
without going into a technical dis
cussion of the merits Of the Isham
Shell. il Is apparent that II II is su-
perior to all other projectiles the in
ventor would find some navy officer
who would have faith in Il Natural
ly. navy officers who may some times
be called upon to use the ammuni-
tion that is now being manufactured
The Washington herald., 1916-01-02
West Point Notes

West Point, Jan. L-Col. and Mrs. Will
cox entertained the Wednesday Evening
Card Cub, giving despedida party for
Lieut.. and Mrs. Cutrer. who bade good
bye to the postlast week. There was an
extra table for Mrs. Ladd, Capt. and
Mrs. Rethers and Col Fiebeger.
Lieut.. and Mrs. Miner had as guests for
over Christmas Lieut.. Miners parents.
Lieut.. and Mrs. Cunningham left re-
Gently to spend the holidays with Lieut.
Cunningham's parents at Annisquam,
Mass.
Capt. and Mrs Simonds had dinner re-
Gently for Lieut.. and Mrs, Dixon, Miss
Chapman, Capt. Peyton. Lieuts. 'Betcher
and Sanderford.
Mrs. Writ Robinson left recently to be
with her family Ia Newport until New
Years, Col Robinson going to Virginia
for that time.
Col and Mrs. Gordon are sepnding the
holidays with Lieut.. and Mrs. Gordon at
Fort Ethan Allen, VT
The Washington herald., 1916-01-02
Harvard Regiment Formed

Harvard College has completed the
military mobilization of its scholastic
resources and with the first of the year
will begin the training of 1,100 stu
dents and professors to be officers of
the United States army. in the event
of war.
The students will have a new course
in military science and Capt. Constant
Cordier. Fourth United States Infantry,
has been designated by the War De-
partmsnt to command and to give in
struction to the military students.
The regiment has already enlisted
9l0 men from the undergraduate body
and the faculty, including two China
men, a Hindu, an Indian. and Rus
sian, who are as enthusiastic as the
Americans. The new organization will
be known as the Harvard Regiment Of
Infantry.
The Washington herald., 1916-01-02
Merchant Marine Scored

Considering the difbculty Of nndins
funds with which 70 finance an adequate
program Of naval and military e1psn-
sion, II would hardly seem wise 10 enter
tain the plan for q sovernment-0wned
merchant feet which would entail an
initial investment OF s50ooo.Ooo, not 20
speak of the indefinite amount required
10 make up the inevitable dehcit that
government ownership entails" says the
Army and Navy Journal
This, too, at a time when there is
more commerce under the American nag
than at any time since the end OF the
civil v-ar, when our shfpyards were
working 70 the limit Of their capacity.
when the foreign trade IL fiourishing be-
yond all expectation.
why, then, the idea Of a government
owned merchant marine? The private
shipping companies seem TO be getting
under which they labor, thanks 20 the
La Toilette bill which has practically
driven our nag frI a the Pacific.
Wherever our seamen have any
chance at all in competition with foreign
ers they do not seem 10 md Il difncutt
TO hold their own. II the government
feels itself responsible for the propaga-
ton OF the merchant marine-snd the
idea Il a worthy one-let Il undertake
a@1Nt-NeAoH s@11AAAS1H man N1AIaNe1H -
II sees Mt
These constitute proper machinery
for the purpose Of building up an inter
national merchant marine and would
cost far less than the weighty e1pendi-
ture involved in the purchase or con
struction Of a feet OF vessels to be oper-
ated by the Federal ofiicisls along the
ponderous lines laid down by Middle
Western Congressman, in all probability.
with s5o.Ooo.OOo much might be done
to put the navy on a satisfactory basis.
TO supply the army with sorely-needeo
ammunition and field artillery. Note
should be taken Of the fact that without
an adequate navy no government-owned
merchant marine feet would be safe.
Great Britain rules the shipping trade oi
the world very largely because she boasts
the biggest war heet Her marine Law
runs TO the farthest piAces-as Germany
knows to her cost Would our govern.
ment care TO see it's overseas trade in the
position Of Germany's some day In the
future7"
The Washington herald., 1916-01-02
Annapolis Notes

Annapolis. Nd. Jan. 1.--Miss Pitcher.
Of the Cathedral School. came down 20
spend the holidays with her parents.
Lieut.. Col and Mrs. John Pitcher. U. s.
A.. of South River.
Mrs. worthington Goldsborough, wife Of
the Pay Inspector, Goldsbcrough, u. S.
NJ, was the guest of Governor and Mrs.
idsborough during the holidays ct the
governors mansion.
N, now on duty on. the u. g. s. Wyom-
ing, Atlantic Fleet, preached at the
Naval Academy on Sunday
Gov and Mrs. Gdadsborough on Christ
mas Day had with them Pay Director
worthington Goldsboroueh, u. S. N,
and the governors son. fh'liips Lee
Goidsborough. jr.; Mrs. Nancy NJ. Show
ell. Mrs. Goldsborough's mother, and
Paymaster McGfll Goidsborough, u. =.
N, and DR.. Brice Goldsborough, OF Phil
adelphia, brothers OF the governor.
Ensign and Mrs. Charles GLADDEN. spent
the holidays with Mrs. Gladden's SIS
ters, Mrs. Charles Munroe and Miss
Nellie Girault
Chief Engineer and Mrs. Thorn Will
hanson. and Ensign and Mrs. A. p. H.
Tawresey.
Medical Director and Mrs. James G.
Field entertained with tea on Christ
mas afternoon for their guests. Congress
man A Q. Montague, of Virginia, and
Mrs. Montague.
Mrs. Z. w. Eberle and Mrs. Ralph
Earle presided at the tea table, Mrs.
Thomas r. Kurtz and Mrs. L S. K.
Reeves also assisted.
Lieut.. and Mrs. Thales s. Boyd snd
Lieut.. @. G. Thomas spent Christmas
with Mr.. and Mrs. John w. Martin, The
parents of Mrs. Boyd and Mrs Thomas.
The following athletic schedules have
been announced: Gymnasium-February
Il, Rutgers; February 1s. New York Uni
versity; February S, Yale; March 1. Uni
versity Of Pennsylvania and Princeton;
March IL, Haverford. wrestling-Febru-
AIRY 5. Pennsylvania State; February L.
University of Pennsylvania; February 10.
University of Pittsburgh; February 2s.
Yale; March 4. Princeton. Fencing
January q. Harvard; February 5, New
| York Fencers' Club; February -, New
| York Athletic Club; February 2s, Yale;
March 4. Washington Fencers' Club;
| March IL. Cornell: March Is. University
of Pennsylvanis; March 25. Columbia.
The Washington herald., 1916-01-02
WILL INSTALL OFFICERS.
Federal and Northeast Washington
Councils National Union Meet.

The new officers Of the Federal and
Northeast Washington councils Of the
National Union WIN be installed at the
first meeting OF the councils this month.
The officers of the Federal Council are 4:
T. c. Simpson. president; F. A. ST.
Clair, vice president; J. w. Ayers,
speaker; J. D. Simpson. ex-president:
w. w. White, secretary; ]. Eliot
Wright. financial secretary; J. F. Huger-
ley, treasurer; G. L Connor. chaplain;
d. E. Hussey, usher; H. NJ. Gulman,
doorkeeper; L. K. Geatley. sergesnt-st-
arms; II. NJ Guilman, L, K Beatley and
F. +. Major, trustees, and w. W. White
and J. Eliot wright. delegates to the
cabinet Ea. ..
The officers of the Northeast Washing
ton Council are; Mark Barnn, r.,
president; E. c. briggs, vice president;
John T. Maddox, speaker; James A.
Healy, ex-president: Henry L. Jen-
kins secretary; T. r. Burr. financial
secretary; W. r. Carver, treasurer;
John T, Bundick, chaplain; George
Vaughan, usher; Lloyd B. Robey, SER
geant-at-arms; Samuel H Senoir, door
keeper: @. w. Vaughan. A. T. Ginan,
G. ]. Zeigler, trustees; Mark Barnn,
jr.. delegate TO cabinet, and W. r. Car
yer. delegate 10 Immediate relief.
The Washington herald., 1916-01-02

service. Strange as 1t may seem. there
is more popular sentiment for some form
of universal military service in the West
ern States than in the East Led by such
powerful papers as the Chicago Tribune,
quite a campaign Of education for equal
military service is being conducted by
the Western papers.
For Compulsory Training.
''In this respect they are far in ad-
vance OF the national defense societies
Practically all the officers and active
members of these societies are fully
awake to the fact that an adequate force
Of trained citizen soldiers cannot be se-
cured except by compulsory training but
the Army League is the only organiza.
ton 90 take any formal action on the
subject.
The Army League has passed q reso-
luton in which It 'commends to the
country the principle of universal mill
tary training as a patriotic duty OF every
citizen; and. furthermore. urges upon
Congress the exercise of its constitu-
tonal power to provide for such training.
The Army League follows the general
plan Of organizing the continental army
in divisional districts. 1t would credit
members Of the N-tional Guard with
military service and exempt them from
the compulsory features Of its plan. 1t
would provide for twelve months >actual
service with the colors in the first year,
and two weeks field training for the sec
on5 and third year.
The East is more interested in the
navy, and evidently believes that the
whole question can be solved by a large
navy. Most of the large Eastern papers
are devoting their energies to creating a
sentiment for a larger navy, and do not
seem to be impressed with the necessity
of an adequate land force as well as for
a navy"
The Washington herald., 1916-01-02

ut Is evident that bitter fight Will
be made against national defense lesisla-
tion by the peaee-at-any-price forces In
Congress-" says the Army and Navy
Journal
while Representative Kitchin, the
Democratic leader of the House. an
nounced before the convening Of Con-
voting against army and navy increases,
evidence has recently been discovered
thss he is quietly organizing the little
army and navy members Of the House.
1T L. not thought that Mr.. Kitchfn will
openly use his position as leader Of the
House to night the administration's ma
tionsl defense program. This would re-
suit IN an open break between Mr..
Kitchin and the white House and create
q breach in the Democratic majority of
the House, completely demorslizing the
Democrats Organization in the House
: and probably resulting in the selection Of
new Democratic leader.
at the same time Mr.. Ritchin, who
does not cherish the idea of being the
only man to vote against the sdministra-
tion's army and navy program, Is quietly
working among the Democrats to organ
ize oposition to the administrations ma
tional defense plans
Tariff Revision Urged.
The position Of some Of the more IN
auentisl Republican leaders has added a
troublesome complication to the situa-
ton They are urging that the tariff
should be revised in order to provide
funds for the expenses of an adequate
army and navy program 1t is insisted
by a great many of the old line Republi-
cans that the country can never have an
adequate military establishment without
a higher tariri to provide funds.
Most Of them declare unreservedly for
a larger army and navy, but are opposed
to methods by which the Democratic
majority propose to raise the revenue.
In this they are apt to have considerable
support from the people Of the country,
as the new direct taxes on gasoline. etc.
are not popular measures.
X these taxes Souiu DC o0iSateo "
any disaffection among the Democratic
majority the way for securing funds fol
national defense program might be
closed. A bond issue would lnd more
support on the Republican side than any
other scheme for raising the revenues
but this plan has been disapproved by
the administration.
"One Of ahe most encouraging features
of the general situation is the growth in
the West Of sentiment for compulsory
The Washington herald., 1916-01-02
Fort Monroe Notes

Fort Monroe, Va, Jan. Ito say
good-by to Capt and Mrs. X. c.
Masteller, who have left for their new
station. Capt and Mrs. r. /. McKen-
ney recently had the following friends
in: Capt. and Mrs Brigham, Maj.
Nugent. Capt. and Mrs. Seaman. Mrs.
Weggeman. Capt. and Mrs. Lincoln
and Capt. and Mrs. Grain.
Lieut. F. z. williford left recently
to join Mrs. wilIiford in Montgomery.
Ala, where he will spend three
months leave.
Capt. R. l. McKenRey left recently
for a few days leave.
Mrs. J. X. Grain returned recently
after several weeks visit to her par
ents, DIR. and Mrs. A. B. Nichols, OF
Tuscaloosa, Ala.
Lieut. J. R. Brabson. field artillery
arrived recently to spend the holi-
days with Mrs. Brabson, who is visit
ing her father, Mr.. J. B. Kimberly
Lieut.: s. NJ. Decker's mother and
The Washington herald., 1916-01-02
QUICKSILVER TRADE GROWS.
Exports of Product from U. =. In
crease During 1915.

Exports OF Product from u - In
crease During 1915.
The records of the Bureau of Foreign
and Domestic Commerce, Of the Depart
ment Of Commerce, show that the ex-
ports Of quicksilver from the United
States for the calendar year 1915 were
about $500 TASKS, valued at an average
Of about ss7.73 per flask, against exports
of !, ,44s TASKS in 1914 The imports enter
ed for consumption are estimated for
1915 at 500 TASKS, valued at about S52.IO
per flask, against S19s TASKS in 1914.
Most of the belligerent nations have
not permitted the expectation Of quick
silver. and indeed Great Britain, France,
Germany, Russia and Austro-H Hungary
have specifically prohibited 1t. Some of
these nations permit exports, however,
to their allies or to neutral nations, con-
sistent with the home needs. Italy has
prohibited the export of metallic ores,
but apparently not OF quicksilver as a
metal The greater part Of the output
of Spain, from the Almaden mine, has
been controlled in London. The European
production has been derived mainly from
Spain. Italy, Austria, and Russia Stocks
have probably been available also In
France and Germany. The European
output has doubtless been encouraged to
maximum activity, but the nations at
war have required the bulk Of the pro-
duction and have demanded that sup
plies be withheld from the enemy.
During the war the domestic producers
will undoubtedly enjoy profits that have
been denied them in normal times. By
the end of the war domestic resources
may not be more than equal to the re-
duced demand, for undoubtedly the
known quicksilver mines and prospects
of this country are being heavily drawn
upon now and their capacity is by no
means unlimited.
The Washington herald., 1916-01-02
DRAGGING SOLDIER TRIED.
Italian Who said He Lassoed Gen
eral Sentenced TO Prison.

Chiasso. Dec. 25.-vincente Bi1ienl, an
Italian sergeant, has been sentenced to
three months Imprisonment for Dragging
and spreading false war reports
The sergeant lived in the United States
several years and claims to have been a
sergeant. When Italy entered the war
he returned and has since been fighting
at the Isonzo front Recently he told the
correspondents OF several newspapers
that during a furious battle he had pene-
trated the Austrian lines all alone, made
his way TO the headquarters of the enemy
and lsssoed an Austrian general, whom
he claimed to have safely brought behind
the German lines.
This story was brought to the attention
of Gen. Count Cadorna, the italian COM
mander-in-chief. with the result that the
alleged hero was arrested and turned
over to q court-martial At the trial the
presiding officer severel3 criticised the
newspapef& for printing every silly tale
which may. be told by bragging soldier.
The Washington herald., 1916-01-02
Dress Uniform Scored

That dress uniforms for the National
Guard are unnecessary and that their
purchase under certain condition is a
waste Of money is the opinion of Brig.
Gen Albert l. Mills. U. s. A. chief of
the Division of Militia Affairs. Gen.
Mills says:
Much money is expended for dress
uniforms and corresponding equipment.
which. when considered in the light of
the purpose for which intended, can
be regarded only as a waste of public
money. as far as the War Department
is concerned, and as an unnecessary
and useless drain on the States allot-
The Washington herald., 1916-01-02
SURVEY FIGURES SHOW
Big mining REVIVAL
Estimates Indicate In
mense Increase In Production
Of Metal.

The midyesr review OF mining condi-
tons reported to the Secretary Of the
Interior on July by the director Of the
United States Geological Survey is well
supported by the preliminary reports for
the ear submitted yesterday. The Geo
logical Survey is making public its usual
estimate Of mineral production for 1915
in the form Of a separate statement for
each Of the more important mineral pro-
ducts
A review OF these statements confirms
Secretary Lanes comment Of last July
70 the effect that the mining revival Is
in full swing. In the Western States
alone the metal production shows an in
crease in value OF more than Sl30, OoO. 90
over the corresponding figures for 1914;
and the years increase in output for the
principal metals measured in value is
more than $25O,O 600 Moreover II Is not
unreasonable 10 expect that when the
full returns for all mineral products are
compiled they will show that 1915 Was
the country's most productive year in
the mining industry. The total may even
reach two and one-hslf billion dollars.
In the response 70 bettered conditions
the production figures for copper. iron
and zinc show the largest Increase
The cdbper mines passed all records
PREVIOUS years Nne 4s4o nav
ing a value OF SZ3S OO0, 900. or So, ,0o0OoO
more than the value Of the production
for 1s14 The statistics and estimates re
ceived place the output OF blister and
Lake copper at !. .S65. 10000 pounds, or
more than 10. 600. 900 pounds in excess OF
the largest previous production and IA
per cent above last years hgures Only
twice in the history Of copper mining has
there been q larger increase in quantity
Of metal produced.
The total shipments Of iron ore from
the mines in the United States In ISIS are
estimated TO have exceeded B,00t. 900
gross tons, an increase over 1914 Of more
than & per cent. Based on the same
price as received in 1874 this represents an
increase in total value Of about SZ7.SR,-
900. The Increase IN pig iron Is estimated
at s.5oo00o tons, with a total increase IN
value Of pig iron production Of more than
$50 10000.
The output of zinc Cspelter) made from
domestic ores was larger than ever be-
fore, being about 425 900 tons, worth S110,-
ooo,ooo as compared with S<s,1s tons in
1914, an increase Of about 400 tons or
nearly S per cent In quantity and OF
SS5. .0ao. 900 In value. Production was in
creased during the latter half OF the
year, as the production during the first
half was at the rate OF Elb,oOe tons an
nuaIly and at the rate Of GS,0 tons dur
ing the last half.