davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-06-05

tcontinusd On Third Pas&)
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-06-05

toeaalnssd on Third Pass.s
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-06-05

Continued on Second Page)
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-06-05

NEWS BY ERNEST POLLARD.
REAL NEWS WHEN TT 10
NEWS IN THE vIRGINIlAN
DAILY.
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23

that he would be of very real aid to his
country in time of need.
Perhaps the most interesting feature
of the cruise will be the mobilization OF
yachts and motor boats in the last week.
Several hundred are expected to take part
from their various home ports along the
coast. Just how vitally important these
craft can be in time Of war as patrol
service the yachtsmen of England can
testify. Scouting. patrolling, signalling,
plotting and charting will be among the
subjects taught. These auxiliary sailor
men promise to contribute very needed
clement in the country's defence. Like the
volunteers on the battleships, they will
have the knowledge of service well done in
addition to the pleasure of the best Of
vacations.
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23

the end of the century--a leadership Una.
ended in decadence the reaction against
which had only just gained impetus wheh
this new and greater war broke out.
England, at the front and at home Is
reading what is enduring, and to the liter
ature of power, of emotional appeal OF
high thought and higher aspiration 1t ADDS
a newborn interest in the literature OF OF
knowledge. What Of tomorrow! WIN
the nation return to its wonted diversions
Improbable and costly, or will 1t continue
in the serious mood Of to-day? And VIII
it, side by side with this revival OF 'he
classics, raise up new generation OF mas
ters. as France did, without landing in a
slough Of naturalism, like her?
Time will tell The fact remains mat
this literary revival, even If it be only mo-
mentary, cannot fail to leave its impress
deep upon the mind and soul of England.
1t is some compensation for her sacrifices
sufferings and losses.
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23
The Memory Test.

An interesting psychological experiment
was conducted in Justice Greenbaums s
court in connection with the famous wire
tapping" case. a detective who had els
tened in" upon certain much disputed tele-
phone conversations was asked to demon
strate the accuracy of his evidence by TAX
ing down a report of telephone conver-
sation arranged under the direction of the
court. This test showed that his memory
was astonishingly inaccurate.
Such a piece of judicial psycho-analysls
may or may not have a material bearing
on the trial Of this case, but it affords an
illustration of the general fallibility of the
human memory. According to psycholo-
gists there is no such thing as a strictly
accurate memory. The normal mind does
not record anything precisely as it hap
pened People often speak of memory as
if the mind were a sort Of passive phono-
graphic record upon which events were
mechanically traced.
On the contrary, memory is an active
PROCESS VI stlcNIiOH anu lCVi
Details are passed over in oblivion or Of
ten changed or supplied in order to en-
phasize the point Of greatest interest.
Memory is always mere or less creative,
building up whole trains of thought out
Of the merest suggestions. What is re-
called varies with different individuals;
not only as to vividness. but in spite of
the most honest intentions, the content OF
what is remembered varies according to
each persons interests, experience and
training.
Most people are also aware in others,
if not in themselves, of similar variation
of the memory at different times in the
same individual 1t would seem that we
all contribute too much to our perceptions
to permit any of our ideas to be exact
copies of the things which happen. With
everyone exhaustion, excitement, preexlst-
ing ideas and expectancy have their effect
in distorting mental impressions.
The true test Of good memory is not
the ability TO recall mass of irrelevant
details, but a sense of the relative i'm
portance of things and the power to Sc
lect and retain those phases of an event
which are most significant.
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23
ADAIR OF CARRIZAL.

(FTOm The Portland OregontcrJ
To-day the body of Lieutenant Henry
Adair, son of an Oregon pioneer. will be re-
ceived with such military and civic honors as
ft the circumstances.
By DEAN COLLINS.
had thought that our hearts would leap,
Adair,
That our hands would clutch at the sword
and gun;
had thought that our spirit of old would
flare
At the tale of the deed that you have done.
But silent we walk and silent you lie,
And Peace" saith the bishop above your
pail
But the blood you shed is red, how red!
Red on the sands of Carrizal.
had thought we would rise on the wings
of fame
That river Of swords would southwark
flow,
And voices of battle would cry your name
As they cried the name of the Alamo.
But we mutter our prayers for the rest of
your soul
And how shall rest on your spirit fall
When we bow the head, while the blood
you shed
Cries from the sands of Carrizal?
I had thought-but my thoughts were lies,
Adair,
For my heart was not with that art i'm
bued
That fashions diplomatic snare
To throttle a Nations gratitude
The statesmen build up the forms of peace,
Where words look large and where lives
look small;
While my hot cheeks fame with the blush
Of shame
For the cry, unanswered, from Carrizal.
The funeral honors are done. Adair,
And under the earth your body lies;
Thrilling and sweet on the vibrant air
The last long wall Of the bugle dies
We'll was your duty done, Adair,
And duty to US alone may call
And the blood you shed, how red, how red
Cries like bugle from CarrizaL
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23
Our Amateur Navy.

Thirty dollars and a reasonably sea-
worthy stomach are all that are required
TO yield an amateur sailor a month of rare
seafaring experience in the Naval Volun-
teers cruise, which starts on August Is. The
Kentucky and the Maine, second line bat
tleships, will carry the volunteers from
this port. Other ships will start from
Portland, Me-; Boston, Newport, Philadel-
phia, Norfolk and Charleston, n. c. The
whole feet will gather in Chesapeake Bay
for week Of target practice, beginning
August 81.
There will be plenty Of variety in the
work offered, and by comparison with the
trench diggers Of Plattsburg constant ex-
citement and thrills. Coal passing and
stoking, for instance, are expressly ia
booed Gun drills, signalling, small-boat
work, fire control and torpedo defence are
parts of the daily instruction. The grad
uate of the cruise, with Rear Admiral
Helms certificate in his hand may not be
exactly fitted TO pace a quarterback, but
he will have the satisfaction of knowing
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23
"Why Not English ?"
To the Editor of The Tribune.

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: Mr.. Samuel II. Hodges's letter ought
to convince everybody, including the writer
Of the editorial in your valuable paper. II is
obvious that for practical convenience there
must be some one word which may be used
as a generic designation Of every citizen OF
the British Empire, just as American is
used by every one, conveniently, but quite
naccurately, to designate a citizen Of the
L. S. A.; and Roman" was used Of old for a
citizen of the Roman Empire.
The words Great Britain" as a geographi-
cal name, are correct when used TO designate
England, Wales and Scotland, though it is
sometimes forgotten that the corresponding
Little Britain" means Brittany in France.
But "Briton," except in poetry, is impossible,
for every schoolboy will tell you that the
word inevitably suggests skins, wood and the
days Of Boadicea, Caractacus and julius
Cesar. Naturally, because the present Eng
lish are descendants Of Britons. Angles. Sax
ons, Danes. Normans and others; so that TO
call them merely "Briton" is historically in
accurate.
The only convenient word is English, y
which by long use and association has come
to mean a combination of all the above
races and by logical development all the
additional races who are united under the
Union Jack. This is no more a slight to
Welsh, Scotch, Irish or others than it is to
call New Englanders, Virgnians, Caifor-
mans, etc, all Americans
COMMON SENSE.
New York, July 10, 1916.
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23
Conscripting Russian Jews.
To the Editor of The Tribune.

To the Editor Of The Tribune.
Sir: The editorial in to-day's issue OF lne
Tribune, entitled "Tolstoyism in Britain, ana
dealing with the question Of British eonsei'
entious objectors to conserption, remnas
me of another class Of objectors, whose ser'-
plies can scarcely be called conscientious ones
K infer from cabled reports that the bru''
government has decided TO compel kussian
Jews of military age living in England
enlist, on penalty of deportation. This meas
ure. though belated, cannot be too highv
praised. 1t is surprising, however, that susa
a measure was necessary to remind tne''
men Of their bounden duty.
The prejudice extant in Russia against 'n'
Semitic race as well as political perseeuu'n
caused the majority Of these people 20 iea''
their native land. One cannot blame them
for that, for the lot OF the Jew in KussA
has never been a happy one. Great Britain,
like the United States has extended the hanS
Of welcome TO these people; 1t has respee"s
their political opinion has not interie''s
with their freedom of speech; it has open's
it's educational institutions TO them ana o..
permitted them 70 share in the fruits OF n'.
commerce and OF her industries; they "".
given an asylum that secured them last'ns
freedom from the cruel oppression Oh -
autocratic government. ~.
Yet in the hour Of need when Britain cs..
upon them TO help 20 defend the coln"'
where they have found hospitabie sne.''n,
they profess feeling Of CONSERVATION Ins.
reluctance TO return TO Russia IS natui-,
il would mean Siberia, or worse. FOR msu.
Of them, but they spurn the only honora0.
alternative offered them, and loudly elA'a
to be permitted TO go to neutral eoun'"''
meaning, of course, the United States IA.
| hope this government will not eeun's.
nance this planned invasion by men who S'.'
TO share in all our liberties and in our Pr.
perity without being willing TO risk epn
life or limb to defend our honor ano
independence. 1t is high time this eoua" :.
takes the stand that people who wah. =,
come here to live among US must ne''. -.
have conscientious objections nor De "a
proud nor too tmid 70 fight for US, snS'~
necessity demand it. CHARLES SLEEfs"
New York, July IA, 1919
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23
Hardships at the Mexican Front.

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: From those who have relatives and
friends at the border comes criticism which
ought TO have weight among those who are
able TO remedy the conditions, reported in
some of our most reliable papers, regarding
border. Is it small wonder that our Guards
men have been lacking in supplies when one
appropriation, for instance, was made by the
government of $4,000 for the purpose of kill
ing sharks. when an order could have been
issued by President Wilson warning the peo-
pie to keep out of the water and try tubs for
while, if a scrub was absolutely necessary
This money could then have been used for
supplies for the troops, unless il were uti-
lized for the purchasing of corned beet
canned in 1903, or that put up in the ark.
We might suggest that the beef would
arouse more enthusiasm among the sharks
than in our National Guard. Inasmuch as
the old saying, "The best way TO reach a
mans heart is through his stomach" has
been proven, we suggest that the government
put in as much time as possible figuring the
amount Of supplies required sufficiently to
feed a company Of men from New York 20 Fl
Paso, Tex, rather than the amount Of money
we can send to the Polish relief. This would
eliminate some of the punishments that
would necessarily have to be inflicted by
General Wood upon our Guardsmen's arrival
at the border.
MRS. RASSELAS W. BROWN.
Cory, Penn, July IA, 1916.
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23
ia Gazette de Hollande."

Not the least important of the foreign
papers which reach our desk in these days
of Europe's gradual transformation is the
bilingual Gazette de Holande," revived
in 1911 by its present editor, an accom-
plished journalist, Jonkheer o. van Bere-
steyn. Pro-Ally, this semi-weekly is as re-
liable in its news reports as it is outspoken
in its opinions. From its columns one can
CLEAN the main currents of events in Hol-
land between two fires alert to MAINTAIN
her neutrality and independence.
But it is of the history of this historic
sheet that we would speak for the moment.
1t is Of direct interest to all Americans,
and to New Workers most Of all, because
in the days that tried mems souls Its edl-
tor. Luzac, was in constant and close cor
lrespondence with forerunners and Fathers
of the Republic. From 1884 till the early
years of the nineteenth century nearly
every number of the Gazette contained
it's "lettre de New York." or Boston or
Philadelphia. many of the first, Mr.. van
Beresteyn suggests, written by the Dutch
clergymen then resident here. 1t is his
suggestion that some member Of our Hol-
land Society might find valuable material
on this side for monograph on the con-
nection Of this early Dutch newspaper with
the American Revolution.
But there is more. No periodical Of the
seventeenth and eighteenth centuries is
more freely quoted in contemporary me-
moirs and by historians than this Ca
zette de Holande," the unofficial organ Of
the foreign diplomatists then stationed ut
The Hague. and of their sovereigns as we'll
Catharine ii wrote for it, and so did
Frederick the Great. The French Foreign
Office attached the greatest Importance to
its news, wherefore to-day the best collec-
tion of "Gazettes" in existence is found IN
the Bibliotheque Rationale.
And yet, strictly speaking, there never
was Gazette de Hollande" in Holland
until its appearance four years ago under
its present management. 1t never was
published under that name, which merely
became convenience OF ClaSSllCdJIOH anu
filing in the French Foreign Office. All the
gazettes then published iii'the Low Coun-
tries, of which, to give it its real name, the
"Nouvelles Extraordinaires de Divers En-
droits" was the most important, were bun
died together and labelled Gazette de Hol-
lande"-the Dutch Mail" so to speak.
The paper never was what it has often
been held to have been-a social scandal
monger. 1t was the Times" of its day,
a weighty influence in Europe's public af-
fairs. That its fame should have come
down to US under a name that never was
its own is a curiosity of the history of
journalism.
For the sake of the record, it must be
added that during the closing years of the
Third Empire Alphonse Karr, Sainte-
Beuve and some others founded in Paris
an opposition journal which was called LA
Gazette de Hollande." 1t existed for only
two years.
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23
THE DEUTSCHLAND CASE
The Presumption Of Intent to Escape
Against the Submarine.

To tho Editor of The Tribune
Sir: A gentleman. whose communication
appears in your issue OF to-day seems TO be
OF the opinion that the Allied warships would
be violating the principle Of international
law which makes il necessary to visit and
search merchant ship before capturing or
firing on her II they were TO FIRE on ana
sink the Deutschland at sight. lie appar-
emily fails to understand the different legal
presumption attaching 70 n surface mer-
chantman and submarine freighter. Ihe
ordinary merchant ship sailing on the sur
face has been constructed entirely for the
purpose of carrying freight or passengers OF
both She has always conformed to the laws
prevailing at the ports at which she touches
and the regulations required by the interna-
tiona code. The presumption Of innocence
attaches to her action in time OF war until
by some overt act, such as attempting 70
escape search by a warship, she throws the
burden of proof against herself
A submarine in time of peace would not
be used as a merchantmen except for snug
Cling or some kindred enterprise which made
il worth while to evade the law. She has
been created for purposes Of war; her trans
formation into freighter is for the purpose
Of escaping search. Whereas in the surface
going freighter the carrying of freight is the
main element of her makeup. in the subma-
rine freighter the element of escape is the
main feature of her construction. All the
surrounding circumstances, both Of construc-
tion and action, establish clear presump-
ton OF guilt.
When the hatch of her coming tower is
closed so that she may dive Immediately she
is in the act Of escaping just as much as the
surface freighter is escaping when she
uuickens the stroke of her engine. Unless
the submarine freighter overcomes this pre-
sumption by having the hatch Of her coming
tower open so she could not dive the Allied
warships would be justified in firing on her
and sinking her just the same as they would
be justified in firing on and sinking sur
face going freighter which was attempting to
escape search.
For any country to deny this right to an
Allied warship would be TO make their own
revenue service powerless against a subma-
rine freighter used for smuggling purposes.
H. B. HETHERlNGTON.
Rockaway Beach n. Y. July 20, 1915.
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23
Withdraw from Mexico! !

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: Is not the keeping of our troops in
Mexico a colossal blunder?
Carranza is our friend, or would be such If
our troops were withdrawn as ne requested
to our side Of the line and If supplies were
freely sent him and withheld from the rebels
he would soon handle them. The Mexicans
from their long fighting and other reasons,
are bitterly poor and the raids are evidently
to satisfy real necessity
Meanwhile our troops are suffering in the
tropc heat in a country where they are doing
more harm than good and where they have
little more right than Germans in Belgium
Is not little common sense urgently
needed? H. II. SWIFT.
Millbrook, n. Y, July 20, 1915.
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23
War and Books.

The English Association has been in
ouiring into the fortunes of literature
under the influence of the war. The re-
suits it considers most encouraging. The
British, it finds, both at the front and at
home, have more leisure and less various
ways of spending it than in times Of peace
At the front this war has thus far been
one of inaction, of waiting, rather than Of
constant fighting. The men in the trenches
must occupy their idle hours in some way.
The hospitals have long stretches of COM
parative leisure; convalescents, physicians
and nurses alike must find diversion.
The first expedtionary army was given
TO the mouth organ rather than TO litera-
ture. Kipling's Soldiers Three were not
interested in books. They were not of the
class that reads; neither were their Off
GERS. The military caste is not bookish,
except professionally, and not even that IN
all countries, as events have proved. But
with the creation of citizen army, with
the enlistment of all kinds and conditions
of men in the British forces, with the be-
stowal of commissions upon the best OF
them, all this has been changed. The de-
mands for books from the front have been
amazingly catholic"-books on astron-
omy. presumably from airmen; Anglo
Saxon dictionaries, Latin grammars, the
Loeb classics, poetry-Wordsworth lead
ing, and with Rupert Brooke a great fa-
vorite, of course; Blue, Yellow and other
books. histories of Europe, works of geo.
graphy.
And Mulvaney, Learoyd and Ortheris
have taken to fiction, "Monte Cristo" lead
ing all others in popularity with them.
They call it Monte Carlo" but what of
that? Has not Mr.. MacKaye's tercente-
nary masque passed into the consciousness
of the mass Of the community as Gala
ham? What bookseller cannot match
these tortured titles with others even more
grotesque among the supposedly lettered?
The war began with many laments over
the coming extinction of literature-one
more prophecy already disproved by the
course of events, like that Of the bank
ruptcy Of Europe within year. Whether
this renascence Of the reading habit,
especially this momentary interest in
better things, will outlive the return Of
peace remains still TO be seen. 1t would
seem to be largely question of economic
conditions after the war. Mental and
emotional states of mind are readily
sloughed off under changed circumstances.
Prosperity may cause return to the
easier pleasures Of life abandoned under
stress of circumstances; hard times may
force a continued and increasing adher-
ence to the least expensive of all luxuries,
which is books.
The only precedent we have on which to
build anticipations is the case of France
after 1871. The French people turned its
back on the fevered, pleasure-seeking
spirit of the Third Empire it stayed at
home and read. The conclusion of peace
was the beginning Of the great prosperity
Of the French publishers. 1t also brought
to the front that galaxy of great authors
who led the worlds literature almost to
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23
The BIunder at the Border.
Cory, Penn, July IA, 1916.
.ditor Of The Tribune.

To the Editor Of The Tribune.
Sir: The millions Of American dollars
which have poured into the Golfers Of Euro
pean war relief societies evidence of a
commendable international spirit OF sym
pathy prevalent here. Is it not possible
however, to do more than has been done tow
ard alleviation of the trbulaton caused by
that colossal poltics-playing blunder-the
mobilization of our militia on the border ?
II the feeling for our own sufferers is not as
intense as that for the foreign war-poor. at
least the donations might be made in con-
sideration Of the glaring publicity which this
mobilization has given TO our pitifu unpre-
paredness. LUCRETIUS.
Brooklyn, July 10, 1916.
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23

Owned and published daily by The Tribune Association
New Yosk corporation. OGDEN Reid. President O. Ne'"'
Ros,rs viec. .Presdcn Richard H. Waldo sccre'a'
y A s,ner. Trtassrer Address Tribune Building lS'
Nassau Street New York Telephone. Beekman 5000
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23

You can purchase merchandise advertised In
THE TRIBUNE with absolute safety-tor
n dissatisfaction results in any case IN T.
TRIBUNE guarantees TO pay your money oach
upon request. No red tape no auibbling- we
make good promptly II the advertiser does mol.
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23

p, rx.i,c. on o Boys Who Al" Carrying the
""N"" the FuinL o
"0u"''' ' Danes o
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23
CANADIAN RATES

Battered at n. Pos,o1c, a, New York {" Second ClA'
Mail Matter.
New-York tribune., 1916-07-23

st-pscR1PrroN RArTs-By Mali. Postage Paid. outside
q Greater New York! .
Da,iv & SUNDAY I mo s fADsiiy only ! month y. y
Daily a SUNDAY. 4 q naiN only. months 600 NJ
Daily 4 sunday year. 20 Daily only; yoAf -''.' +.
sunday only. months / p sunday only le"f,.'' '