davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-31

ready to rise up like monster and wreck
the islands and ships on the sea- In
hundreds of places through various causes
this molten matter has been forced IN
through the ocean bed and through the
islands and has formed volcanic craters
crater is actually only The shaft that
leads down into the depths where the
molten rock lies. These shafts become
thoked With eiecta- cinders. rocks and
5" on--and become literally plugs stop
ping W the holes through which the vol
Canic activity has found vent
A volcanic eruption is invariably due to
III" pressure exerted upon the incandes-
cent ana molten rack that is still the
fiery core Of earth. This pressure is ex.
crted IN Two WAYS. but mainly hy one way.
The slipping OF rock along the faults"
resulting i'll the change OF pressure is
sometimes enough 10 force out the vol.
canic plugs and cause erupiions. Bit
almost all eruptions are caused by the
leakage OF water through rock assures
nto the space where the volcanic material
Is gathered. When this happens steam is
generated al enormous pressure. and fol
lowing the line of least resistance blows
OUT tn" plugs Of the volcanoes and lets
the molten rock surge mp to the surface
somewhere. certainly within fifty miles of
where the Memphis was lying. there was
Such submarine volcano For wears
perhaps. il had lain quiet, Through an
earthquake the assures had opened up
III lis sides for the volcano must roughly
have rcsembled Il small round hill Be
tween the sea bottom and the incandes-
cent rock were pockets caused by the
contraction II the cooler outer surface
Inc assures grew deeper and wider
ihcn came u time when some slight
earthquake opened mp one OF them I'm
mcdialcly through II poured stream of
sea water This water rushing down on
the molten matter at once generated In
Copyright. 1916 bv the star Com
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-31

could recover from one wave. another
would rock her through and through
The sea was boiling like messpoi.
Two OF tho boilers blew IN before the
ship finally went ashore. That's how
Lieutenant Jones. chief engineer. and so
many in the boiler room got scalded so
horribly. II seemed TO me as If some
giant unier the sea had The ship grabbed
ny the keel II was just like you'd shake
baby'S rattle. Those old stories about
the octopus and the great sea monsters
passed through nv mind
At the end there were three great
waves. one after The other The last
one was that fellow tina, slammed her on
the rocks. When the last wave hit her
she went mp. up. mp. and then went down
on the other side. You know how a
swimmer climbs wave and then goes
down on tho other side fast? We'll. that
VAS tho old Memphis.
And when she settled. YOU could feel
tho rocks humping and grinding into her
shell. Just eating her old heart out"
The small United States gunboat Cas-
tine Was lying a little farther out than
the Memphis, ard owing 10 this fact she
miracuouSly cIpcd destruction. al
though she was tossed about by the same
mighty waves
Similar catastrophes 10 the loss OF the
Memphis have happened before in West
Indian waters and in other regions where
the ocean bottom is lined with volcanic
faults. Rear Admiral Richardson Clover
relates how he encountered a huge tidal
wave near st. Thomas. w L. when he
was serving on the old u. S. 6. Susque.
hanna. in 1867:
Il was smoking a cigar when looked
scaward and saw an immense wall OF
water approaching. 1t seemed forty to
sixty feet high. AS it came saw il curl
over a tugboat and bury it,"
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-31
HoO the Memphis
Disaster Looked to
a Scientist on Shore
BY Theodore Dc Booy,
Who Was Exploring San Domingo for tho
New York Museum Of the
American Indian.
{ T.TIiER SKY nor sea indicated :

N change me-" in ' he' 1 ssr ''', sos'e.,
weather. The barometer VAS un.
disturbed.
y about 3:45 y. m. a cutter left Tho
Memphis with party Of sailors who
had been given few hours shore leave
Another cutter and a steam launch were
ALONGSIDE tho cruiser taking on other
shore .socrs
Five minutes later occurred a marine
phenomenon absolutely nov 10 the OK.
norence OF all who behold II. This Va,
no Storm only thc fantes. OF broezos
Stlrrcd the natlns under tho unclouded
Sly lo' suddenly in" sea heSa Ia rage
mo unhcaval more terrifying 10 the eve
because Of Inc lazy beauty OF air and
SKY, seemed 10 have arisen from il,
secret depths.
The roadstcad became an angry mas.
OF ioaming waves in which no small
craft could live
horrihcd observers saw the first cNiter
from the Memphis. half way 10 sbora
rise up and then suddenly disappear
number Of black specks momen.
'arliy visible IN the boiling smother
whore she had last been seen we're .hs
heads OF sailors struggling for liza
against Overwhelming odds.
lust at that time the steam launch
and cutter tina had been alongside tho
Memphis were seen 10 dctach them
selves from her and head out for lbs
open sea.
II was about p. nj. when the little
cunboa' Eastine, which had been tossing
ikc cork As she strained al her anchor,
GOT Tree and made her gallant attempt
10 rescue the capsiZed conpany of the
Memphiss cutter
SWanlped from stem TO stern with huge
waves. she was carried at one time per-
ilously close 10 the rocky shore.
She succeeded, however in saving
eight men and then reaching the omen
sea There she subsequently picked I'M
the other cutter Of the Memphis but tho
steam launch had capsized and gone
down
Two men from that launch and one
from the first cutter were cast ashore
alive. about four miles to the westward
oi the scene OF the disaster.
Al 1870 a cry OF alarm was raised over
The situation OF the Memphis Lifted
time after time BY immense waves, tho
cruiser was seen 10 be dragging her pow.
crfnl anchors toward the shore.
The great 20,ooO-ton warship would
rear up thirty feet on the crests OF the
sianl comhers. each time heaving closer
to the coral lodges. where they broke
into foam.
Soon we could make out the indi.
viduals on her decks as they buried
themselves 10 avert disaster. The entire
population of the city now lined the
shore, watching the progress OF this
drama, so deliberate and so inevitable
The climax came at $40 p. m. s wave
that seemed larger than any that had
preceded il heaved and held the cruiser
on its summit for moment. then dashed
II down with jar on submerged reef
within zoo yards OF dry land.
Immense waves were still breaking
over the ship, some Of them reaching a.
high as the tops OF her tunnels Her
decks were swept continually. aud the
crew had 10 cling 10 the lifelncs they
had rugged in order not to be washed
overheard
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-31
Photograph of the Memphis Taken Shortly After She

usual official investigation is now going
on in Washington 10 determine tho
causes that wrecked her and 10 asccr-
tain what blame if any. rests upon her
officers.
Il appears that The waves which came
so suddenly were the result OF the crup-
ton of a submarine volcano
The Memphis was wrecked through one
Of The rarest and mos, eNtraordnary man
ifcStations of volcanic torcc--the eruption
Of crater under VA or Here is exactly
what happened
The whole region ~ the Caribbean is
volcanic. The islands from Cnba down
along tn" loop Of the leeward chain lie
upon what is known "a n fault" in the
carth's surface.
In fact almos, all of the Islands have
been raised from the depths OF the ocean
by 4 he lifting mp OF the sea bottom
through volcanic stresses. On almost All
Of the islands there is "A volcano many
Of them extinct some OF them such rs
Mont pelec. on Martinique. still active
The devastation of the whole northern
emf OF Martinique. with the loss OF thon-
SANDS OF lives by Mont Pc!ee a few wears
ago. is still wildly remembered The
same thing that caused Mont Pelcc ia
plow up y what took the Memphis
llk" toy ship and threw her over into the
shoals
ldui IS !lserally crater "n the
'ace OF mother earth. 1t marks n sec
non where volcanic forces are sim ac-
I'VE and whore tin" rind of the world has
not yet SCI hard and fast
Along this fault and under it. ON
pdra'iNelS close 10 The ocean bottom of
ms "hol" region. are great centres Of
Nolcanic disturbances.
sometimes hundreds OF feet-and
'nmc'ime5 only tens OF fcet--under tho
sanh and ooze OF the ocean bed lie enor
nous stretches OF white hot. molten rock
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-31

a Diagram Showing How the
Memphis, Drawing Twenty
'even Feet Of Water, Was Lift.
ed Up From Her Mornings IN
Forty Feet of Water and Was
f1uried Across the Intervening
Two Miles, Striking the Ocean
Bed AS Each Wave Passed Her,
Until She Was Landed and
Wrecked in Two Feet of Water
On the Shore Of San Domingo
Harbor.
A T half.past three in the afternoon
~ oil August - the United States
cruiser Memphis lay anchored in
Dan Dominso harbor, Island OF Haiti.
The battleship was two miles ONT from
inc mouth OF the Ozama River which
MONS into the harbor from tho north,
ana approximately the same distance
from the western shore. DRAWING twon.
ty.seven feet she was anchored in forty
Z feet
Inc day was warm and beautiful Only
light air was stirring and the sea was
Ike mirror, There was not hint NJ
danger. A launch containing thirty.three
or the crew OF the Memphis. a liberty
party, were on their way back 10 tho
ship, few hundred yards away from
the opening OF the river into the harhor
F bay.
On the Memphis crew and officers had
4. relaxed. There could be no danger.
surely, on sutfi a calm and peaceful day.
Az tnrcc for'y'ivo. without warning
huge wave rose from the sea and
smashed down upon the starboard side OF
the Memphis bow. The shock ihrew
the warship UP like toy immediately
after this wave came another higher
one. which tore the ship loose from her
anchorage, and then In rapid succession.
one after another. growing higher each
time, there came multitude Of gigantic
waves winch lifted the Memphis high
In the air, dropped her wallowin. be-
yond control down the trench. smashed
her against he bottom OF The sea lifted
her again TO q dizzy height. and finally
threw her up on he shore in two feet
of water. Each successive wave in
= creased notably in height during In.
disturbance.
Before The men in the launch could
get back 10 shelter in The rive, mouth
the 7rst wave struck their boat. swamnnd
s IL and drowned the whole thirty.three of
them.
During 81 this time there VAS the
same serenity in the air and i'm the smil-
Ing sunshine There was no wind and
the spectacle Of the titanic batterinc
d rams OF waves twenty 10 forty feet high
hurting themselves across the harnor
was an uncanny one
The first pounding on the sea bottom
put the Memphis engines out OF business
and broke some OF the steam pines
3 Eight men were scaldcd 10 dcalh bv
this. Eighty men on the shin we're NOR.
or less severely injured by tile battcrin.
or the huge steel ship and the escapjng
steam
The sudden shock Of beiu. -rjpned
and shaken by an unknown force al in.
conceivable power drove one man insane.
When the batilesh:p finally came IN
rest on the shore she was within ff,y
ieet OF rocky blum. II vas an EASY
mater 10 thro" rope footbridse across
y from the shore TO the ship. With blanks
10 walk on and hand lines in lieu Of rails
the rest nt the crew made their wav
ashore.
Now the Memphis lies stranded ON tho
peach. Her armor plate and clcrythinp
else movable have been taken from her
y In short time the once proud cr,Iiser
lwlll be blown 10 otis and tho fragments
lascattered over the sea and shore The
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-31

The Submarine Volcano
Pocket Between the Molten Of
Immediately Seam Under
Finds the Line Of
Shaft of the
SeaAb ou
the Eruption Lasts-Unt the Again Becom
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1916-09-14
PROPOSED AMENDMENT TO
The STATE CONSTITUTION.
xChap. 81, 1915, 8. LII. B. No. 143, T.
TWichell.)
INCREASING DEBT LIMIT FOR
HIGHWAYS.

4 Concurrent Resolution Amending Sec
tIon 1873 Of the Constitution Of the State
the N county vs debt limit rastft Tor the constr"e:
tIon, Improvement and maintenance OF
pubic h!shway:; DIV rt,r uo,,sp on
Representatives of the State of NORTH
Dakota, the Senate Concurring:
That the following amendment to the
be referred to the legislative assembly to
be chosen at the next general election IN
said state, to be by the last named leEis-
lative assembly submitted to the quail
fed electors for approval or rejection IN
accordance with the provisions Of Section
2O2 Of the Constitution of the State of
Amendment to Constitution.) That
Section 1875 Of Article II Of the Constitu-
ton of the State of North Dakota is here
'' a ls$:D The :" d efa0 Of IS any a1,!ow ounty. town.
ship, city, town, school district or any
ether political subdivision. shall never ex,
ssed FIVE Nf PIE, per G ;snsh1a upon the a ,Isrs;g!
provided. that any incor porated city may,
by a two-thirds vote, increase such in
debtedness three per . eedt9 9l1a on su osnt as,
limit, provided, further, that any county
may, by a two Thirds vote, Increase such
Indebtedness ssius three beso5 per ,s es"t i've o on eeen
tum limit, fer the construction, improve.
ment and maintenance Of public high
IN NAYS esti nna i1s IL the o' indeB BuePDss WHICH" Whieh a
city, county, township, school district or
any other political subdivision may incur.
ness, whether contracted prior or subse-
quent to the adoption of this constitutions
shall be included: provided. further. that
debted in any amount not exceeding four
per centum OH such assessed value with
cut regarG to the existing indebtedness OF
such CITY, fer the purpose of constructing
or purchasing water works for furnishing
q supply of water to the inhabitants Of
such city. or for the purpose of construct
Vhatever All bonds or obligations in
excess of the amount of indebtedness per-
mitted by this constitution, given by any
city, county, township, town, school dis
trict, or any other political subdivision
shall be void.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1916-09-14
PROPOSED AMENDMENT TO
THE STATE CONSTITUTION.
(Chap. 80, 1915, S. III. b. No. 10. Smith
Of Ward.)
VOTING PRIVILEGES IN CO-OPERA-
TIVE CORPORATIONS.

A Concurrent Resolution for Amendment
to the Constitution Of the State OF
North Dakota, relating to the voting
privileges OF members of Cooperative
BE # RESOLVED n THE HOUSE OF
Representatives Of the State of North
Dakota, the Senate Concurring:
The following proposed amendment to
Article 7, Section 1876, of the Constitution
of the State Of North Dakota, is hereby
agreed. to be referred to the legislative
assembly to be chosen at the next general
election of the State Of North Dakota, and
to be by said last mentioned Legislative
assembly submitted to the qualified elect
crs of this state for their approval or re-
lection. in accordance with the provisions
Of Section 2o2. Of the Constitution o: the
State Of North Dakota.
Amendment.) That Article T., of Sec
ton 1875, Of the Constitution of the state
o. North Dakota be amended to read as
follows:
In all elections for directors or managers
Of a corporation, each member or share
holder may cast the whole number of his
votes for one candidate. or distribute
them upon two or more candidates.. AS he
ma prefer, provided, any cooperative
corporation may adopt bylaws limiting
the voting power Of Its stockholders.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1916-09-14
PROPOSED AMENDMENT TO
THE STATE CONSTITUTION.
(Chap. ~. 1915. S. LIS. B. No. II,
ThOreSon.)
PROVIDING FOR STATE HAIL INsUR-
ANCE.

A Concurrent Resolution for an amend
ment to the Constitution Of the State
Of North Dakota, providing for the levy
may be provided BY law, to create a
fund to insure owners Of growing crops
against losses by hail.
BE IT RESOLVED BY THE SENATE
Of North Dakota, the House of Repre-
sentatives Concurring Therein:
That the following amendment to the
Constitution Of the State of North Dakota
lie referred to the Legislative Assembly
&c be chosen at the next general election.
and If ratified by the last mentioned Leg
iSlAtive Assembly &c be by it submitted to
the qualified electors of the state for ap.
prevail or rejection, in accordance with
the provisions of Section 202 of the Con
stitution of this state.
/. (Amendment.) the Constttu-
ton Of the State Of North Dakota be
amended by adding the following section:
The Legislative Assembly may by law
provide for the levy Of a tax upon such
lands as may be provided by law Of the
state for the purpose Of creating a fund
to insure the owners Of growing crop:
tax shall not OBJECT the tax Of four mills
tive assembly may classify such lands Of
the state as may be provided by law and
divide the state into districts on such
basis as shall seem just and necessary,
and may vary the tax rates In such dis.
tricts In accordance with the risk, In
order to secure an equitable distribution
Of the burden Of such tax among thu
owners Of such lands az may be provided
by law.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1916-09-14

Sam Peterson of Ackworth
transacted business in the city
Wednesday,.
Mr.. and Mrs. III. Bjerkness
have as their guest Mrs. F3jerk-
ness mother, Mrs. Unsleben,
of Erie, Pa.
Nj. and Mrs.. Tobias Wilson
visited at Rugby between trains
Wednesday.
c.. B.. Holman, prosperous
farmer from the Turtle Noun
tain region, was a business
visitor in Bottineau Wednes-
day.
/, ]. B. Mollett aud daughters
Misses Carrie and Nora are
planning on an extensive visit
with relatives att the old home
i'm Missouri.
w. HI. McIntosh this week
brought in from the John Klebe
farm east of Lake Metigoshe
some samples of vegetables
that are real eye-openers to
those not familiar with the
possibilities of truck gardening
in the Turtle Mountains. In
the lot is a so-called snake
measuring forty
three inches in length. True
to it's name, it bears. all the re-
semblence of a giant snake. 1t
is said to be fine for picking
purposes. ! A giant sunflower
head measuring seventeen
inches in diameter is also one
Of the unusual exhibits from
this Turtle Mountain farm.
Mr. Klebe has one of the most
interesting places found in the
state and raises. almost every
thing imaginable in the vege-
table and flower line. His
farm is located only about two
miles east of Lake Metigoshe
and it was planned to take the
state editors out there for a. side
trip during the convention last
month, but the bad weather
unfortunately interviewed.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1916-09-14
The Lutheran Churches
BOTTINEAU

BOTTINEAU ,
Services in the English lam
guage at s: 100.
Sunday school at IL: ID.
HANGERS.
Services at 90 a. m.
Confirmation class meets at
2: 90 p. m. OF Tuesday, Sept. 10.
NORLANDS.
Sunday school commences
next Sunday at 2 p. m. The
first meeting will be held in
church. Class meets Wednes-
day, Sept. 20 at 2: 90 p. m. W.
are trying our best to make
the meetings helpful. Your
presence and cooperation is de-
sired.
H. N. Bake, pastor.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1916-09-14
At the Churches
PRESBYTERIAN Church.

Sunday morning the sacra-
ment of the Lords supper will
be administered at the church.
All members are urged to be
present at this special service.
There will be a reception OF
new members and the baptism
of infants if any are presented.
The first devotional service
of the fall will be held Wednes-
day evening at 8: 90 o'clock in
the lecture room of the church.
All are welcome.
H. Lewis Meyer, pastor.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1916-09-14
PROPOSED AMENDMENT TO
THE STATE CONSTITUTION.
(Chap. SO, S. l.. 1915, S. B. No. 80, Bond.)
PROVIDING RURAL CREDITS.

A Concurrent Resolution to Amend and
re-enact Section 1856 of the Constitution
Of the State of North Dakota, relating
to loans giving credit or aid, by the
state or Its political subdivisions, and
to agricultural loans, popularity known
BE IlsENACTED BY THE SENATE OF
the State Of North Dakota, the House
Of Representatives Concurring:
That the following amendment to the
Constitution Of the State of North Dakota
be referred to the legislative assembly to
be chosen at the next general election in
said state, to be by the last named legis-
latiyeI assembly submitted to the qualified
electors Of the state for approval or re-
lection in accordance with the provisions
Of Section 2O2 Of the Constitution Of the
state Of North Dakota.
/. (Amendment.l That section 1876
Of the Constitution of the State OF North
Dakota be amended to read as follows:
1856. Neither the state or n county.
city, township. town. school district or
any other political subdivision shall loan
or give its credit or make donations to or
IN aid OF any individual, association or
corporation, except for necessary support
OF the poor. nor subscribe to or become
the owner Of the capital stock OF any as
ISOLATION or corporation, nor shall thu
state engage in any work or internal i'm
p~rovenent unless authorized by q two.
thirds vote Of the people: provided, that
the state may appropriate money. ! tn
treasury or to be thoreaftor raised b
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1916-09-14
PROPOSED AMENDMENT TO
TIL; STATE CONSTITUTION.
tChap. Sc, 1915, S. LII. B. No. ~
Hendrickson.)
SUPREME COURT DECISIONS.

Amending the State Constitution Of the
State Of North Dakota SO as to Require
the Vote Of Four Judges to Declare any
Law Unconstitutional.
BE TT RESOLVED BY THE HOUSE OF
REPRESENTATIVES of the State of North
Dakota, the Senate Concurrlng:
That the following amendment to the
Constitution of the State Of North Dakota
be agreed 10 and referred to the Fifteenth
legislative assembly Of the state for ap-
rrovaI, to be by. the last named ie g l1trt
ors Of the state for approval or rejection
n acseordarx with the Provisions ;nn 81 ss,d Of state Hee.
Amendment.) That Section 50 OF the
Constitution Of the State of North Dakota
as amended be now amended SO as to
read rs follows: .
81. The supreme court shall consist
of five Judges, a majority of whom shall
be necessary to form "a quorum or pro-
nounce a decision, but one or more OF
said Judges may adjourn the court from
day to day or to a day certain proy ICES
istive enactment or law Of the State OF
North Dakota be declared unconstitu-
tlonai unless at least four OF the Judges
shall SO decide.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1916-09-14

taxation for the construction or improve
nlent Of public highways.
Th~ legislative assembly may BY law
provide for the formation Of rural agricul.
turai credit associations, incorporates or
voluntary, under the supervision Of 2 DE-.
pertinent OF state and may establish q
lean n by pIedglno the credit Of the
state, or OTHERWISE, pass laws rs0-
uIatino the use of such fund. The re-
! ayment Of the obligations to the state
herein authorized shall IN all cases be
secured by first mortgage on agricultural
lard. Loans from such fund may be made
directly to individuals or to rural a.grlcul-
on the security Of rural agricultural real
property In the ann provided by law.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1916-09-14
Baptist Church

Morning service at H.: 90 a. m.
Sunday School at IL: 10
Evening Service at 8 o o'clock.
Wednesday, Junior Prayer
Meeting at Z: 80.
Regular weekly devotional
services at 8. p. m.
The pastor will have charge
of all services.
The public is invited to wor-
ship with us if not attending
elsewhere.
i. ID. McBain, pastor.