davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
w A N T S
AND MISCELLANEOUS ADS

ADVERTISING RATES: The rate for
inserting Want Ads in The Topeka State
Journal is one cent word each insertion,
minimum 10 cents; by the week cents II
word, minimum 81 cents.
OUT OF TOWN advertisements must be
acco1 panied with cash or check in full
payment of the same. Note the foregoing
instructions about counting the words and
the rate per word for The Topeka State
Journai.
COUNT THE WORDS of your ad includ-
irg four words for State Journal address
when address is used: count each initial
letter and lch number or combination of
figures word
CLOSING HOUR: Want Ads to be
classified properly must be in The State
Journal rfice before IL 20 o'clock. Want
ads received Ter 80 30 till 1 Is p. m. will
be inserted under the head: Too late to
Classify.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
LEVEL WHEAT LAND

Five quarters northeast Kearney Co., and
one quarter Thomas Co., cheap. but no
trade. Address l., care of Journal
INVEST WITH SMITH AGENCY. 523 X A
Good improved farm, close city. $1OO a.
r. cottage, 10 lots, terms, 500.
r. house, % lots. Il cash, $1,000.
IA fine Lenox add. lots, 5000.
SMALL MISSOURI FARM, $40 cash and
50 monthly; no interest taxes highly
productive land: close to big markets :
write for photographs and full informa-
tion. Munger. A Jos, n. Y Life Bldg,
Kansas City, Mo.
HAVE good quarter section near Morland,
Kansas, about half in wheat VIII sell
for $500. Want good automobile and $500
cash. Balance to suit purchaser. Address
L. J.. care Journal
FOR SALE OR TRADE for farm Topeka
residence. 6 rooms and bath, all modern
and ood business property in good
location. Address J. NJ. Read. 225 Jackson
St. Topeka. Kansas.
FOR SALE OR TRAnE---SO acres within
8 miles of state house See owner at
Ratmans. 720 Kansas ave
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
TRESPASSERS VICTIMS
More Than 10000 Killed on Railroads
in Last 20 Years.

Baltimore. Md. Dec. S.-More than
10000 persons were killed and 1000
injured during the last 20 years while
trespassing on railroads, the Safety
First Federation convention was told
today by Marcus A. Dow, general safe
ty agent of the New York Central
lines.
Investigations have shown, he said,
that most of the victims were of the
wage-earning class. living near the
places where the accidents occurred.
Accidents to trespassers over which
the railroads have no control have in
creased according to Mr.. Dow, until
each year there are three times as
many fatalities to trespassers as there
are to railroad employees.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
BUSINESS CHA\CEs

QUICK SACRIFICE. Uncle Sam oil Co.
stock 10000 shares $50. Wells drilling
in HealdtOn Ranch Creek Jennings Red
Fork and Cushingfields company. Price
S1Oo. 7. ]. Coughlin. Edgerton, Kan.
ROOMING house must sell: want offer
413 W. Tth. Phone 1867
LUNCH business at 6O4 n Kansas ave,
for sale.
yU2 KANSAS AVE. restaurant fixtures for
rent or for sale cheap If taken at once.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
PLAY DENVER UNIVERSITY.
Northwestern University Goes Outside
of Conference for 1917 Games.

Chicago, Dec. S.-An aftermath of
Northwestern's snub by the Big
Four of the Big Nine football con-
ference in making the 1917 football
schedule. was seen today when ar
rangements for a game between Den
yer university and the purple were
practically completed.
Northwestern, after being refused
games by several larger schools in the
Big Nine, announced it would go out
side the conference.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
MONEY.

MONEY TO LOAN on city and farm
property; any amount. low interest rates
and most liberal terms. Cali or write Tor
our plan. W. NJ Forbes & Co
MONEY TO LOAN ON ALL KINDS OF
PERSONAL PROPERTY
Horses. cattle. pianos. diamonds bouse
hold goods. libraries. typewriters aufo,
carriages. machinery. and to salaried neo
pie: f. s. Thomas. 519 Kan. Ave Tel. 2ge
HOME money loans. best rates Paw here
and get coupons. Money ready when
abstract complete. Write me- r. r March
loans and insurance. 107 w. 7th. Topeka
LOANS made on any kind of personal Sc
curity l.. Briscoe. 523 Kansas Ave
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
S. Hinshaw c. of e. Captain.

Emporia Kan. Dec. S.-Steve Hin
shaw of Emporia has been elected
captain of next years College of En-
poria football eleven Hinshaw is a
brother of Hainer Hinshaw, who cap
tained the Emporia team last year He
has played in every game this season
and scored the most points of any C.
of E. players.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
FOR SALE-REAL ESTATE.
BUY CLOSE I'm

rooms, nearly new, hard pine finish,
complete bath and electric lights, Is lots,
on West side, minutes walk of Santa Fe
offices. Save car fare and the high cost of
building by buying this desirable home at
$500. Small payment down and S25 per
month, including the interest which is only
. per cent. Want to sell this before the
holidays You can see the property by call
COTTRELL co. 10Y E. 7th. Tel. 500 -a4Os.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
WANTED-Tn RuE


HORSES WANTED-$3 paid for dis
abled. live horses delivered at our plant.
or S1-50 at your place Dead horses and
cows removed free within 10 miles. Topeka
rendering Co Telephone 361-
wants to buy one or one and half lots !:
must be BARGAIN and in west part of
city, Address Reliable. care Journal.
WANTED--Poultry. Will call for them.
23SO NJ. J. NJ Brain.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.

HEMSTITCHING, PINKING.
Plaitings of all kinds. Buttons made.
Mail orders receive prompt, careful atten-
ton. Mrs. Mercer, 500 Topeka.
WANTED-Watch repairing. Main springs
75c; cleaned 75c. All work guaranteed.
Armstrong Jewelry Co. 429 Kansas ave.
CARPET and rug weaving 1926 Garfield.
Phone 25SS Blue.
GOOD milk cows fat cattle and veal calves
w. c. A. Leitzow. Tel. PSI.
1882 HASTY AUTO EXPRESS.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
WANTED=MALE HELP.


MEN-Our illustrated catalogue explains
how we teach the barber trade quickly.
mailed free. Moler Barber College. Kan
sas City. Mo.
GOVERNMENT WANTS men, women 500
month. Schedule Topeka examination
dates free. Franklin Institute. Dept 13O
". Rochester, \. Y.
WANTED-Elderly man for office and
furnace work. Hotel ThOrne.
LADY PRINTER. Must be typesetter and
press feeder. \ Rays Democrat. Topeka
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
LEGAL.

and after its publication, and upon its
acceptance in writing by The Topeka Rail
way. Company, duly filed with the City
Clerk of the City of Oakland.
Passed this 1st day of December. A. d.
1916
f. A. BRIGHAM. Mayor.
(SeaI)
Approved December l. 1916.
Attest: H. A. LEPPER. City Clerk.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08

NOTICE TO CREDITORS.
In the District Tb GGgrt Of II the United States
In re w. H. West, Bankrupt.
In m Bankruptcy
The creditors of the above named bank
rupt, of Topeka, State and District afore-
day of November, 1916 he was duly ad-
judged bankrupt, and that the first meet
ing of said creditors will be held at the
office of the referee, 701 Jackson Street
in the City of Topeka, Kansas, on the 21st
day of December, 1916 at ten o'clock a. m,
at which time said creditors may attend,
prove their claims, appoint trustee, ex-
anime the bankrupt and transact such 9TH
said meeting. j. G. SLONECKER,
Referee in Bankruptcy.
Topeka, Kansas December Z, 1916
First published in the Topeka State Jour
nal this Sth day of December, 1851
RESOLVED, That the Mayor and Board
of Commissioners of the City of Topeka,
sary for the best interests of said city that
Seventeenth street from the west line OF
Madison street to the east line OF
Adams street extending north in said city.
be graded, curbed with combined curb and
gutter, and paved twenty-six (26) feet Get
wide with asphaltic concrete on a five (o)
w. G. TANDY,
q Commissioner.
l. Eta NJ Covell City Clerk of the City
of Topeka, Kansas, do hereby certify that
the above and foregoing is true and cor
rect copy of the original resolution now on
ETA NJ COvELL.
s (Seal) City Clerk.
First published in the Topeka State Jour
nal this Sth day of December, 1861
RESOLVED, That the Mayor and Board
of Commissioners of the City of Topeka,
Shawnee County, Kansas, deem it neces-
sary for the best-interests of said city that
tHuntoon street from the west Iine of Col
rlege avenue to the west line of Grand ave
hue. except that portion already paved, in
said city, be graded and paved thirty 800
feet wide with asphaltic concrete on five
(5) inch concrete base.
Commissioner.
l, Eta NJ. Covell, City Clerk of the City
of Topeka, Kansas, do hereby certify that
the above and foregoing is a true and cor
rect copy of the original resolution now on
file in my office.
ETA NJ COvELL.
(Seal) City Clerk.
First published in the Topeka State Jour
nal this Sth day of December, 1861
RESOLVED, That the Mayor and Board
of Commissioners of the City of Topeka,
Shawnee County, Kansas, deem it neces-
sary for the best interests of said city that
Madison street from the south line of
teenth street in said city, be graded, curb
ed with combined curb and gutter, and
paved twenty-six (26) feet wide with as
phaitic concrete on a five (5) inch concrete
/ base.
w. G. TANDY,
Commissioner.
1. Eta NJ Covell, City Clerk of the City
of Topeka Kansas, do hereby certify that
! the above and foregoing is true and cor
rect copy of the original resolution now on
! file in my office.
| (Seal) City Clerk.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
FOR RENT-HOUSES-
FOR RENT

1112 w. 9th, Z T., bath. ell. It,, barn.
1918 Tyler, cottage, T., city water.
232 Tyler, 6 T. modern.
1858 Mulvane, 7. (nOw repaired-)
1904 Lime. cottage, T., gas, barn.
Apartment rooms near Kansas ave
J. L. TORRINGION 100 w. 9th. Tel. 22S.
MODERN room house at 1884 Kansas ave.
New, has not been occupied, furnace,
bath, electric lights. everything complete.
Phone 3145 E. Z. Roudebush, 623 Kansas
ave-
FOR RENT-Modern room cottage with
sleeping porch. 500 West Sth, newly pa
pered and floors refinished- o. J. Wood,
1217 Tyler. Phone 9S1.
tUlt RtNT-26 Elmwood ave. Potwin,
Madern. $500 per month Merriam
Mortgage Co.
FOR RENTl6-rOom house, lots. barn.
23rd and Adams, Highland Park. Phone
117y RE-.
FOR RFNT-5 room house, cemented eel
TEN room modern house, equipped for
one or two families; barn. 1882 Morris
FOR RENT-1269 Lane St, rooms. fine
condition. good barn. Phone 610 or 1601.
FOR RENT-6 room modern house. I15
Huntoon. Call 1871.
FOR RENT-5 r, 11O3 E. sth. T., 1116
Lime. Phone Rural 1901 NJ.
FOR Rents room house with bath.
Phone 5000 Blue.
162S BUCHANAN ST, modern. house with
barn. Phone 1880 Black.
FOR RENT-4 room cottage on West side.
Call 1861 K-3.
100 BUCHANAN, 8 rooms. bath and base
ment Phone 1898 Blue.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
FOR SALE OR RENT

Five room house, closets, pantry. cellar,
barn, IL lots. close to shops first class
shape. Special price on easy terms to Jan.
l. see owner. 16O1 Polk. Phone 2nSa Bed
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
LOST AND FOUND.

LOST-Bible with name Ernest Breed on
front cover Left in auto Saturday.
Please return to Y. NJ. C. A
LOST-Letter on Kansas ave. Addressed
to Montgomery. Ward & Co Finder
please call 1905 K-4
LOST-French toy poodle dog. Name
"SnOokum." Phone 400.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
SEVEN ROOMS

Hall, fireplace, oak mantel. gas el ugbt.
hot and cold water in bath and kitchen.
cement cellar, shade garden All complete
from State House. For immediate sale and
possession $4,000. Terms !
J. Il. TORRINGTON, 100 w 9Th Tel. o2s.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
LEGAL.

the above and foregoing is a true AMI cor
rect copy of the original resolution now on
file in my office.
ETA NJ. COvELL. City Clerk.
(Seal)
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
MISUNDERSTANDING aELP.

>|--~--~r>~-~~-----~--~~--
AT ONCE-Ten ladies TO travel. demon
strate and sell we'll established line TO
our dealers. Previous experience not neces-
sary. Good pay Railroad fare paid Good
rich Drug Co. Dept 2s4 Omaha. Neb.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
(First published in the Topeka State Jour
nal this 4th day of December, 1916)

(First published in the Topeka State Jour
nal this 4th day of December. 1916)
RESOLVED. That the Mayor and Board
of Commissioners of the City of Topeka,
Shawnee County. Kansas. deem it neces-
sary for the best interests of said city
of Arch Street to the east line of Morris
aTfnaf enfbed with IT Combined b Curb and gutter.
and paved twenty-six (26) feet wide with
crete base. w. G. TANDY,
Commissioner.
1. Eta NJ. Covell. city clerk of the city
the above and foregoing is true and cor
rect copy of the original resolution now ON
fiie In IS ETA IAN N. covELL. City Clerk
(First published in the Topeka State Jour
nal this 4th day OF December, 1s16)
RESOLVED. That the Mayor and Board
Of Commissioners OF the city a,r OF Topeea, e
sary for the best interests of said city
that Van Buren, Street from the south line
Twentieth Street in said city. be, graded;
curbed with combined ron curb and
ggtter and etary ON f five le5 @ n.S
concrete base W. y. IAND1,
1, Eta NJ. CovelI. city clerk of the City
of Topeka Kansas. do hereby certify that
the above and foregoing is true and cor
rect copy of the original resolution now on
ETA NJ. COVELL. City Clerk.
(Seal)
(F'irst published in the Topeka State Jour
nal this 4th day Of December, 1861
RESOLVED. That the Mayor and Roard
of Commissioners of the City of Topeka,
Shawnee County. Kansas. deem it neces-
sary for the best interests of said city
that Huntington Avenue from the west
line of Polk Street to the east line of
Western Avenue in said city be graded.
curbed with combined curb and
gutter. and paved twenty-six t26) feet
wide with asphaltic concrete on q five (5l
inch concrete base W. g. TANDY.
/ Commissioner.
l. Eta NJ Covell. city clerk of the City
Of Topeka Kansas, do hereby certify that
the above and foregoing is a true and cor
rect copy of the original resolution now on
-''e ETA NJ CovELL, City Clerk.
| (Seal.)
1 (First published in the Topeka State Tour
nal this 4th day OF December, 1850
! RESOLVED. That the Mayor and Board
of Commissioners of the City of Topeka.
! Shawnee County, Kansas. deem it neces-
sary for the best interests of said city
that Park Avenue from the west line of
I Edgewood Avenue to the west line of Lin =
denwood Avenue in said city. be graded.
curbed with combined curb and
I gutter, and paved twenty-six (2e) feet
| wide with asphaltic concrete on a five 80
| inch concrete base. W. G. TANDY,
Commissioner.
/ l. Eta NJ Coyell. city clerk of the City
OF Topeka, Kansas, do hereby certify that
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
BONDS.

- = |-|->~~~->-~~~~~---~~-~
THOS. j. MYERS. broker Columbian Bldg
Investment securities. railroad and gov
ernment bonds. grain and copper stocks :
mortgoees bought. sold and placed
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08

First published in The Topeka State
Journal, December 8, 1861
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08

(First published in the Topeka State Jour
nal December 4, 1850
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
PICTURE FItAMTNG.

FRAMING. regilding. mat making mount
ing done by j. ID. Sullivan. 122-12l w. sth-
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
LEGAL.


lPublished in The Topeka State Journal.
December g. 191G.) -r.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
LEGAL.

other causes beyond the control of the
franchise ordinance shall be granted. other
wise, this ordinance shall be null ant void.
and shall have no binding effect upon the p
City of Oakland. Kansas.
Section D This ordinance shall take effect
and be in force thirty 900 days from and .
ance in writing by The Topeka Railway
Company. duly filed with the City Clerk
of the City of Oakland.
1915 ras'ed this 1't Gay of December A D.
F. A. BRIGHAM. Mayor
Approved December 1st, 1916.
+. A. BRIGHAM. Mayor.
Attest; H. A. LEP-'ER.
City Clerk.
First published in the Topeka State Jour-
nal this 4th day of December. 191GD q
RESOLVED, That the Mayor and Board
OF commissioners of the City of Topeka,
Shawnee County, Kansas deem it necrste
sary for the best interests of said city
that Lincoln Street from the north line II
Fifth Street to the south line of wilo,v'
avenue in said city, be graded
and paved thirty 900 feet wide with as
base. w. q FANNY
Commissioner
L.; Eta NJ: Covell. city clerk of the CITY
the above and foregoing is 4 true and cor
rect copy of the original resolution now on
ls ETA NJ. covELL. city Clerk.
tFfrst published in the Topeka State Iour
nal this 4th day Of December. 1861
RESOLVED. That the Mayor and BOARD
OF OF commissioners of the City of Topeka,
Shawnee County. Kansas. deem IL ne,.~s-
sary for the best interests of said ci.v
tnat Euclid Avenue from the west line ,f
Monroe street to the end of the present
pavement Just east of Adams Street In saiI
city. be graded, curbed with combimed
eairp cur & ana cutter. and paved twenty-six (2Gl
let wide with three 60 inch vitrified brick
on five (5) inch concrete base, with
asphalt filler. ~"
w. G. TANDY.
| ~. Commissioner.
| /; Eta NJ. CoveIl, city clerk of the civ
! of Topeka, Kansas. do hereby certify that
the above ana foregoing is a true and cor
rect copy of the original resolution now on
| file in my office.
ls, ETA NJ. covELL, City Clerk.
CFirst published in the Topeka State four
hal' this 4th day Of December. 1861
| RESOLVED, That the Mayor and Roar1
oi commissioners OF the City of ToDek.
shawnee County, Kansas. deem it neces-
shry Tor the best interests of said CITY
that Fourteenth Street from the west line
/ of Polk Street to the east line of West
ern Avenue In said city. be graded curbed
Win combined curb and gutter. and paved
tWenty-slx t26l feet wide. side-cut brick
blocks on a five 90 inch concrete base
W. G TANDY.
mmissioner
! I. Eta NJ. Covell city clerk of the Citv
OF Topeka Kansas. do hereby certify that
the above and foregoing is true and cor
rect copy of the original resolution now on
/ file in my office.
ETA NJ. CovELL City Clerk.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
WANTED-SAIESEFx

- ~>@->-~>~~~~--~~~~--N~-~-~-~O
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.; wide awake clerks
and statesmen to sell health and accident
insurance in Kansas. Good commission
paid Address Insurance. care journal.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
PATENTS.

PATENTS ADVERTISED FREE in Pop
ular Mechanics Magazine if secured
through our credit system. Send sketch
of invention. Free search. 100-page book
free. Waters Co, 4574 Warder Bldg,
Washington. D. C.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
DRESSMAKINC


FIRST CLASS dressma king and ladies'
tailoring. 1909 W. 10Th.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
sLLIARD AND POCKET TAn,r

FOR SALE-BilliaId tables. new car-om
and pocket. with complete outfit ef25 on
second hand tables at reduced prices: bowl
ing alley supplies: easy payments Cigar
store drug. deiicatessen ard soda fountain
fixtures THE RPUNSWICK-BALKE
sas City. Nj.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
FOR RENT-ROOMs

FOR RENT-935 Kansas ave, unfurnish-
ed corner rooms. 229. Blue
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
FLORISTS.
TYPEWRITERs.

ALL MAKES for sale or rent. Best me-
chancal department In the country
CRANE & co
1opeka. Ran At Years in Business
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08

W. NF- ANIT1.
9, -, Commissioner
l. Eta NJ: Covell, city clerk of the CITY
oI Topeka, Kansas. do hereby certify that
me above ana foregoing is true and cor
rect rs copy of the original resolution now ON
ETA NJ COVELI,. CITY Clark
(SPal -t' LIN
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08

tt1rst published in the Topeka State four
haI, tn1s 4th day of December 191Gl
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
FOR EXCHANGE.

GROCERY STORE. trade for automobile
Good farm to trade for Topeka property
Gun boat and tent to trade for motor
cycle. 300 West 9TH.
WANT TO TRADE my equity in West side
home for car. Phone 3249.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
UPHoLSrERrNG.

J. F. PETRICI & SOrS. uphoIsrerfng an,
manufacturers Of parlor furniture 100
Kansas ave ne. Phone $40
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
BOARD AND ROOMS

MODERN board and room, reasonable
price 1929 Monroe. Also unfurnished
room.
MODERN rooms with board, 81 day, S5
per week Topeka Hotel. 123 West 9Th
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08

FARM LOANS, 3 and 6 per cent See
Nichols Realty Co., 529 Kan. Ave. Tel. 440-
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08

NOTICE TO CREDITORS.
In the District Court of the United States
for the District of Kansas.
In re w. H. West, Bankrupt.
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08
MOVING
UNDERIAkING

L. NJ. PENWFLL. funeral director and
embalmer- First class service 5Os-5i0
Quincy st. Telephone 102.
C. Z. HAWLEY e. Co. undertakers em-
balmlng. us East sth Ave. Phone 2s7
The Topeka state journal., 1916-12-08

W. u. IAND1,
- Commissioner
l.: Eta NJ; Covell. city clerk of the City
the above and foregoing liz a true ana cor
rect copy of the original resolution now on
file in my office ~
(Seal) n
Bisbee daily review., 1916-11-07
THE EAMILY,S FOOD.

Chicago family of father mother and eight children keeping careful records of all household ports that the of its food supply is 543 per cent greater than it a year ago
 There has been appreciable change in the quantity quality of the provisions purchased Nearly all tine items the for the price Where changes have been made. they have been intendd substitute cheaper articles articles prohibitivey The that really get tacks" and show what typical American family is up against today in it's commissary department.
 It cost this family $1269 week for food in October, 1915, and it cost $i945 week in October 1916 Hun dreds of thousands of other families they kept careful record would doubtless have similar tale tell The difference would presumably be the smaller cities where people closer of supply, but the of provisions city village equality.
 The worst of it is that the greatest increase particular things necessary in normal det-four, potatoes, sugar, meat, butter and beans.
 There two redeeming features however. One is that families have money they had last year pay for food. The other that the phenomenal rise in the price of provisions may lead Americans rational economies in the of We have the repu aton of wasting enough to feed several small nations
Bisbee daily review., 1916-11-07
TRADING PROFESSORS.

The Washington state university has made dicker with the University of Che whereby the institutions will trade professors for year. Prof Charles Strong head of the Spanish department of the Washington tuition, will go to Chile teach the English language and literature and Prof Benjamin Lorca the parment of English in the Chilean institution will go to the state of Washington teach the Spanish language and literature. Each of these be virtually ambassador carrying his own countrys culture to the other country.
 The exchange of only two such is d small matter where nations concerned. But it is important cause it is beginning which represents the in terest each other of the United States and the South American nations. and the distinct toward genu the state of Washington to teach the Spanish language inc PanAmercanism. We have had few exchange pro- fessorships with of the European nations especially Germany, England and France It would be well if we established such cultural relations on broad scale with every important Latin-American country is only by mutual understanding great racial groups of the western hemisphere be welded together exchange of educators is excellent pro noting such understanding.