Evening star., 1916-09-24
ITALY, AUSTRIA And YOUGO SLAVS

ANO AVOWV VILLA IN
by part. the Cyrillic by the other. The
Serbs are Orthodox. the croatia and
slovens are Catholic. but these dif-
ferences< which caused embitterments
have disappeared in . great measure
since the Inauguration Of national
unity.
The Yougo Slavs. according to their
propaganda pamphlets. published at
Paris. are set down as la.30o,a0O; the
Serbs and Montenegrins l.slb.000: on
styria, Carinthia and Hungary, I.Ios.-
900 Serbs. 2.oos.00o Croats. i,lS2, 900
Serbo-Croats. 1.Sl3,00o Slovenes. Final
] ly there are 100000 subjects or de-
(serbo-Croats and slovenesJ living in
North and South America.
The fortune OF the Yougo Slav. which
was cruel and varied In the past. con-
tinues in the same way in the present.
The Serbs. crushed by the Turks at
Kossovo uss9), remained several CEN
turtles under the Ottoman yoke; the
Croats incorporated with Hungary in
ilo2 were included with the empire in
Magyars In 1s4s and were subjected to
the government OF Pesth. Vienna rul-
Ing and tyrannising the Slovenss The
emancipation OF the Serbs and Montene-
grins and their transformation develop
ed the mentality Of slavism in the
south. as we'll. The creation of the
province of nlyria composed Of Car
Mole. Carinthia and Triests) founded
BY Napoleon I. suggested to the
and solidarity. Excepting the siavs
Of north Albania, the Serbs count two
great divisions since 1918: the Yougo
Slav free. the other You{o slay en-
The Pougo Slavs finally decided upon
rupture pure and simple with tbs court
Of Vienna and the union Of the peoples
Of Carniole. Croatia. Dalmatia.J Bosnia
Hersegovina to rally around the stand
ara OF serbia and Montenegro.
the throne Of Belgrade following the
violent suppression Of the last OF the
Obrenovitch in 1898, was q grave event
for Austria. The coalition Serbo-Croat
divisions Of the Yougo siavs. In which
the peoples were divided became .
policy and an inspiration.
ns
The act Of October. 1905. annexing
Bosnia Herzegovina was ill-advised.
the work. Of
Bosnia Herzegovina Prince d'Aeren-
thai. who be-
0A0oASsAVA. lieved 1t would
overawe the Slav. 1t had the con-
trary effect--it unified the Slav world:
the Dalmatians proclaimed their soli--
darity with the Czechs, and from
| that time the conflict began be-
tween the Germanc-Masyar dictation
and 'pan-Serbism." Austria mobilixed
900, 900 men and menaced Serbia. If the
European conflict did not break out
then it was not the fault Of d'AerenthaI.
who did everything to provoke IL
through the provoking attitude of the
Austrian minister at Belgrade. j..
! conquered Macedonia, yanquished Bull.
garia, closed the route to Saloniki,
I Austria meditated by whatever means
the crushing Of little Serhia-annihila-
tion necessary because Serbia mao pc
come the barrier to Austria's ambition
to reach the Aegean sea; annihtlatton
necessary because Serbia's signature to
| the treaty Of Bucharest had assumed
grave significance as having lent inn
petus to the Youso Slav tnovement at
Agram and Cattaro. and from LAyback
| to Mostar. In sub5ecting Serbia, Aus
tria believed she could free herstif
| Of the threat Of acknowledgements. In
reality. Austria uneonsciousiy hastened
the dislocation which had been pre-
pared by the slow march OF events.
During the two years and more that
have passed since the end OF July, le!As
| Austria has employed against tns
all the fecundity of barbarous tnven-
tions, all the contempt for humanita-
rian laws. which have characterised her
in different ages
Bosnia were dissolved; their most In
fuential members condemned to DEATH
imprisoned. or placed under special sur
| veiilance: the slightest manifestation
crime: the least objection provoked
demand for explanation. This system
of inquisition in various forms extend
| ed to the mass OF the people: the police
| were paid for acting as informers and
the fabricators Of false testimony; the
press. under menace of suppression or
! Of criminal proceedings. was obliged to
follow the prescribed policies. All Serb
ians. Croats and Sl0venes. however,
and placed in the most exposed posts.
From August. 1s14.-to March. 1915.
country. dispersed in all
Austrian parts of the empire and
exposed to misery and
hepr1saIs. starvation: the total of
these unfortunates in March. 1915. was
over 10000. Besides the foregoing.
100000 people were transferred from
village to village: Thousands of arrests
| were made in the annexed territories
which in 1903 numbered 100000 souls.
The day following the assassination Of
the archduke 5000 Serbs were arrested
nd innrisoned without process Of law.
Capital executions followed rapidly; on
the highways for every mile or less
one or two men were hung; the Turkish
domination by comparison was mild.
The student prosecutions at Sarajevo,
Trebinie, Tuzla and that Of the infa-
nous proceedings at Ban3aluka, which
involved 1856 Bosniacs, resulted in Is
condemnations to death. So 20 solitary
confinement. to a collective fne OF
SO. o80. 600 imposed on the peoples Of the
provinces. -.4{ a.
Eenceforth there was breach between
vienna-Pesth and the YouRo Slav. The
latters hatred Of the Austrian consti-
tuted a program OF Serbo-Croat-Slo-