davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1916-04-20
AN ENIGMA FOR POSTERITY.
The Secret Dynamite Chamber of the
Catskill Aqueduct.

CatskiI Aqueduct.
The Catskill aqueduct system is re-
markable as an engineering feat One
Of the most curious expedients that
the engineers contrived was the cham
Der for storing dynamite. They had
to have large supply of explosive at
hand, yet the law sternly prohibited
any such accumulation within the city
limits of New York, where it might
rndanger life or property.
Finally In the dip between the One
Hundred and Tenth street and the
One Hundred and Twenty-second street
shafts, $50 feet below the surface,
chamber was blasted out of the solid
rock. You entered this chamber from
the tunnel by a door that was always
left swinging half open and then fol-
lowed a zigzag passage that turned
more than once at right angles. From
that passage you stepped into huge
Vaulted cavern.
A single electric bulb was suspend.
ed over the threshold A capacious
iron bound chest. not unlike sar.
cophagus, contained the dynamite
There was nothing else in the silent
and gloomy chamber. If the dyna-
mite had at any time exploded the
immense volume of released gas would
have rushed first against the unyield-
ingttgalls Of rock and then, seeking
an outlet, it would have broken with
diminishing force against those of the
zigzag passage.
So carefully had the engineers calcu-
lated the force of the explosion that
they believed that what remained of
1t on reaching the tunnel entrance
would automatically close the half open
door. No explosion took place to test
the theory, and experimental proof
would have cost the city $1,000 worth
of dynamite.
The passage from the tunnel has
been closed with solid concrete. but
the huge cavern is still there. hidden
deep in the rock on which the great
city is built Slowly, very slowly, it
Will fill up with a silent, motionless
pool of water, never to reflect the
faintest CLEAN of light In time. no
doubt, the existence of the cavern will
be forgotten. A thousand or two
years hence it may be rediscovered |
Clearly it will be seen to be the work |
Of man, but as to its purpose scientific |
brains may puzzle themselves fruit |
lessly, for that will have become
secret held inviolate by the unspeak- |
ing rock.-Youth's Companion.
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1916-04-20
MsileabIe Glass of the Egyptians.

Strabo and Josephus both affirm that
the Egyptian glass workers were SO
well skilled in their art that they imi-
tated the amethyst and other precious
stones to perfection. Malleable glass
was one of the secret arts of the an
clients, the formula for making it being
now reckoned as lost Strabo men-
tons cup of glass which could be
hammered into any desired shape. the
material of which it was composed
being as ductile as lead.
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1916-04-20
All Clear.

Now, my lad, hope you have some
clear and well defined idea as to what
Won want to be in life. That means
everything to young man..
81 know 1t, uncle. | want to be
doctor or a lawyer, or something Ike
charlottesville Courier-Journal.
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1916-04-20
Value Of Reticsnce.

"What makes you think saltwater is
,ucb a clever fellow? l never heard
him say anything more than yes or
no."
"ThstIs what convinces me he Is
cleyer.s-Judge.
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1916-04-20
uold;no on TO II.

Bil-Has he the saving habitf jill
I think So He showed me a cent ne
owned dated 1905 Yonkers Statesman.
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1916-04-20

Like the bee. we should make our IN
anstry our umusement--Oliver Cold
smith.
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1916-04-20

Toilet Articles and Soaps
SOC Alma Zada Comp. Powder for Sic
SOC Violet Dulce Vanish'g Cream 2 for Sic
SOC Violet Dulce Cold Cream for Sic
25c Violet DuIce Talcum Powder for 26c
SOC Arbutus Vanishing Cream for Sic
25c Blemish Soap 2 for 26c
25c Medicated Skin Soap for 26c
25c Witch Hazel shaving Lotion for 26c
10c Harvey Imported Soap 2 for lie
SOC Violet Dulce Liquid Comp Powder 2 for sic
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1916-04-20
Days Ony-Ihus, Friday, Sam, April 20, Fl and Y /
A New Way of Advertising

developed by the advertising
Rather other
this
o lie 1t
will be please
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1916-04-20
"What Is a One Cent SaLe?"

regular prthen another item of
As Rxa Tooth
in
sold
O
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-03-17
me Proftable FARMING Campaisn
BY GEORGE HENRY Brown.

The awakening OF the South ia hert
and now. Men of vision have come
to realize that the opportunity of the
town lies out in the country hidden
In the fertility of the soil.
These men are looking far beyond
their immediate needs. The bigger
vision follows the road that leads te
the farm, out in the fields of growing
corn and hay and cotton. for there
lies the real prosperity of the people
When the harvest fields smile,
towns wax fat, and factories in.
crease the pay roll Hay means beef
and pork which beckon the packing
house and storage plant More corn
means cereal mills. glucose factories.
Flour mills locate in wheat-producing
sections. Creameries follow the dairy
COW. and the truck patch calls for
the canning factory.
Every Farm 10 Factory.
From those OF the bigger vision we
learn that Every Farm Is Factory"
and that in every state there are
thousands OF these factories which
need the best thought and effort to
make them productive and profitable.
This bigger vision Of things is not
,altruistic. 1t Ia much bigger and
broader. 1t is founded on good hu.
manity. upon sound business princi-
ples. 1t Is economically right. The
matter OF who gets the credit for the
service performed is lost in honest
purpose and hard work. Those
OF the bigger vision realize. too. the
obligations OF citizenship and the real
value Of service: which mean that ev-
ery man must do something to build
MP the community in which he lives
or does business. aside from just the
things he is required to do by law. or
the things directly beneficial to him
self. The bigger vision has taken
hold OF The hearts Of the people of
the South with q firm grasp.
They are determined. They have
read the. signs OF the times.
VIII Work In the Interest Of All.
A great work has taken form In the
organization OF q Bureau OF Farm De.
velopmenkcf the Business Mems Club
OF Memphis, backed up by the farm
ers, bankers, and merchants in seven
" counties in Tennessee, Mississippi.
and Arkansas. These counties lie
east, west and south Of Memphis, and
Memphis IS the home OF the Bureau.
The plan of the organization is
to think and work, to jog the
people, to lift some out OF the rut,
to put others on the track. to aid
IN working out the Agricultural and
commercial problems in the country
around Memphis. Not to work them
ont along nor to tell others how to |
10 1t. but. to work in accord with all |
II the people for the common interest |
Il all. The business men declare that
he worksahead Of the Bureau is not |
! work nf charity. No. just plain.
ommon sense duty applied to the op
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-03-17

make. The south with all her natural
| advantages-fertile soil, rain and sun.
shine, with her commercial manufac.
turing, and educational opportunities.
Excuse? The Bureau could find none.
There was no excuse for the one-crop
system; nor for buying food from
northern markets. nor for rundown
farms, poor homes, bad roads. and
poor people.
To keep this money at home would
mean q saving ef more than Sic, eea,-
600 to each county in less than 10
years time.
1t was time to act. A general call
went forth. A meeting was held. Del
egates came in from a hundred miles
around The figures were brought in.
and as figures always do, they spoke
for themselves and the people under
stood.
Business System Wrong.
There was something wrong with
the business system: and the only
thing to do, 1t seemed, was to jog the
system. There are dead systems and
living systems. But a system. so they
reasoned, which had stood still for SO
years while the world moved on
should be passed on to receive the
final blessings OF human Kindness.
The Bureau decided that it was not
matter of too much cotton-for
the world must have cotton. But the
Whn1n frnnh1n 10 fy,4 ha -
food crops. The habit of living out
of tin cans and obtaining meat from
smoke houses in the north must be
changed.
The idea Of applying economic bust
ness principles to the farm was natu-
raj enough, but how to get these ideas
to the farm in simple, practical way
was a big task. The plan OF work
under consideration by the Bureau
carried with it the idea OF enlisting
the cooperation OF every man, woman
and child in 70 counties in western
Tennessee, eastern Arkansas, and CEN
trail and northern Mississippi, who
really wanted to do something to bet
ter conditions. physically. spiritually.
morally, Intellectually and econom-
ically.
international Harvester Co. Aids.
The work Of Perry G.. Holden, di.
rector OF the Agricultural Extension
Department OF the International Har-
vester Company. was called to the at
tention Of the Bureau. A committee
was sent to Chicago to confer with
Mr.. Holden. The Harvester Company.
agreed to help the Bureau organize,
plan and conduct q great campaign OF
The Harvester Company
agreed also to furnish experienced adj
vance men to assist In the organiza-
tion work; to provide 30 trained agri-
cultural lecturers. lecture charts and
demonstration material for their use;
and to print 100000 pieces OF litera-
ture for free distribution in the form
Of booklets on Diversified Farming,
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-03-17

Cattle Tick, Hog Cholera, Live Stock,
Poultry, Gardens. Canning, Home Eco
nomics, Sanitation, and other subjects
dealing with the problems OF the Cot
ton Belt States.
Railroads Cooperate.
The first essential to success was
the cooperation of the business inter-
ests in the 20 counties lying around
Memphis. One hundred and forty
Memphis business men offered their
services to do this work. Two men Wis
tied each county. Meetings were called
in every county. Seventy counties
joined the campaign. More help was
needed. The Bureau asked the rail-
roads to join. J. C. Clair. Agricultural
Commissioner of the Illinois Central
Railway turned over to the campaign
committee the services OF the field men
In his department. The Rock Island,
Louisville & Nashville. Southern, Iron
Mountain and N. o. NJ. & C. railroads
all responded to the call. The Agricul.
tural and Mechanical Colleges, Agri-
cultural High Schools of Arkansas and
Mississippi, the Little Rock Chamber
OF Commerce, Memphis Rotary Club,
Farmers. Union, Women's Nineteenth
Century Club, West Tennessee Nor
NAL School, Cumberland Telephone
Company. Western Newspaper Union,
Progressive Farmer. Memphis Com
mercial-Appeai, News Scimitar and
many other influential interests in the
South co-operated.
The Matter Of Food and Feed.
The Profitable Farming Campaign
was on. I'VE Must Feed Ourselves
and Live at Home was the message.
We must not buy from outside mar
kets food stuffs and feed which we can
produce more economically at home
We must not fight grass to grow cot.
ton to buy hay. We must have pas
lures. grow live stock. have some
thing to sell every week in the year
and keep the cotton money at home
We must let live stock do half the
farming.
Each county had its own organiza-
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-03-17

ton. In over 1900 communities
throughout the territory covered, cam
paign committees were organized
More than 5000 men and womer
served on these committees and assist
ed In the work.
Go to Homes OF the People.
The people had responsibilities. The
success Of the campaign in each com
munity depended upon the work put
into It by the local people who must
provide meals and lodging for the
speakers and carry them into the
small country settlements and to the
farm homes where the meetings were
scheduled. The farmers were not
asked to come to town to hear the
speakers. The campaign was carried
to the people-to their homes, out In
the fields of corn and cotton. into the
schools to the boys and girls OF today
the men and women of tomorrow.
Sixty speakers were on the Job.
These were divided into three crews.
20 men in each crew. Each crew had
a captain who managed the details
In the field.
The Campaign was under the gen.
eral supervision of George R. James,
Chas. J. Haas and III. Nj. CottreIl OF
the Bureau. w. r. Baughman of the
Harvester Company directed the work.
The success of the Bureau win de-
pend upon the work that follows:
Over 2,111 meetings have been held
in town and country. 220,S71 people
have heard the lectures-an average
OF 104 people to the meeting.
South VIII Feed Herself.
The speakers and advance men have
travelled s0,201 miles over railroads
and 2s.163 miles In automobiles and
buggies.
The Bureau believes that this work
will mark new era In the agricultu-
raj and commercial history OF the
South. The benefits cannot be meas
ured in terms Of money. The message
has been carried into thousands OF
homes. into the hearts OF the people.
The Bureau will continue the work.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-03-17

that Tennessee fell short 31S Der cap
ita OF feeding herself; and that Ar
kansas lacked $33. while Mississippi
tailed to feed her people to the
amount OF SAT per capita. These fig
ures show further that the annual def
icit in food production In Tennessee
in 1914 was $4,000, 600. Arkansas $51,
100000 and Mississippi $s5.oo0,o0
Farm Wealth Per Capita Small.
Statistics obtained from the same
source show that the farm wealth pei
capita in Tennessee In 1914 was $3.50
Mississippi $500. Arkansas 1924
Georgia 1925. Alabama $3.50, Louisiana
1856. North Carolina s322. South Caro-
lima $44s. West Virginia 1865, Florida
1921.
The efficiency experts carried the
investigation into the north to find
that the average farm wealth per cap.
ita in Illinois in 1914 was $2,655 and
in Iowa 1886. It took the Bureau OF
its feet when these figures were COM
puted: for they found that the farm
wealth per capita Of these ten south
ern states all combined was less than
the farm wealth per capita OF the sim
gle state Of Iowa In other words, the
wealth of single farmer In Iowa, ac-
cording to 1914 figures, was greater
by $72 than the wealth OF ten south
ern farmers combined.
The Bureau agents kept busy. Ac-
cording to the U. 8. Census of 1910,
there were $4,000 farms in Tennessee
reporting no cows: Arkansas reported
$4,000 farms without milk COW. and
$1,000 Mississippi farms in 1910 were
dependent on the canning factory for
milk.
We Must Sell to Ourselves.
Sweet potatoes are staple crop in
the south. yet millions Of pounds OF
this product were purchased from
markets. The Bureau sent
out . circular which read In part: 1T
requires 10 bales OF cotton at cents
a pound to purchase 200 bushels Of
sweet potatoes; and the potatoes can
be produced on an acre Of ground,
while 1t requires from Is to 20 acres
Of land to produce the cotton
The average county in the cotton
belt states imported In 1914 food prod
ucts TO the amount Of about $1,000, 900.
Some Of the exclusive cotton growing
counties bought foodstuffs In 1914
trom outside markets to the amount
nf over $4,000. 900. As q basis, take
The average county which imports
million dollars annually in food. feed.
and work animals. aud see what 1t will
10: That million dollars kept at home
would build rs consolidated schools at
! cost Of 5000; as churches at $4,000
sach: 100 miles Of hard road ct 5000
j mile; pay the salaries Of 125 teachers
or one year at $1,000 year. and the
salaries OF Is preachers at $4,000 .
rear, and still have left $4,000 for
i've stock. fences. buildings, and paint.
What mistake for . people to
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-03-17

Grafton OF the farm, and the factory
and the management OF the home.
The Bureau was organized abou
three months ago.
viii Work Out Problems Of South.
Tennessee. Mississippi and Arkan
sas. pulled themselves together. Al
a meeting of the Bureau member
said: 1T makes no difference who
we are, where we live, or what pur
suit we may follow, IL we are to sue
eeed, there are problems to be solved
there are plans to make, there lis work
to do. Every county. every state and
community, every home has Its own
problems. The South has her prob
lens. The Bureau win do all that IL
can. We must work together"
The Bureaus first work was to an.
ply common sense to its agricultural
and commercial problems. Every.
body got busy. Seventy counties were
visited. The work was thorough,
rapid. efficiently done-the results
were astounding. The Bureau found
That more than so counties out of
10 lying within 100 miles of Memphis
east, west. and south. though rich in
soil. did not produce food enough to
supply the demands of the people liv-
ing within their borders. and not SUM-
cient feed crops to maintain their
farm animals; that these 70 counties
had been and are now buying annual
ly from northern markets nearly $780,
100000 worth Of food and feed prod
ucts, such as beef, pork. lard. milk.
butter and cheese; poultry and eggs:
flour and potatoes; canned fruits and
vegetables; hay. oats, corn, meal, bran,
horses, and mules.
Reliable figures in the hands of the
Bureau show that the total deposits in
all of the banks in Arkansas, Missis-
sippi and Tennessee, on July /, 1915.
to less than 100000, 900.
Bank Deposits Tell story.
The Bureau did not know whether
this was much or little, so 1t selected
Iowa, Wisconsin, and Indiana, three
northern states, none of which have
large cities. and compared their bank
deposits with those Of Arkansas,
and Tennessee. That
told an effective story. 1t
showed that the bank deposits OF Iowa
alone are over 1851 ,00O, 900; Wiscon-
sin. nearly $360.000.0o0. and Indiana
1891 900, 900. The total bank deposits
Of any one of these northern states
proved to be greater than the bank
deposits OF all OF the three southern
states combined.
The agents of the Bureau went on
investigating. New figures rolled in.
I was learned from statistics gath
red by the State Board OF Education
4 North Carolina that the per capita
wealth Of Tennessee in 1914 was $66.
Arkansas ISL. Mississippi $37: and
hat the average food consumption per
apita Ii the rural communities Of the
o,ith was about $S4. This proved
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-03-17
BERMUDA THE GRASS FOR rhGI
SOUTH.

For the South. Bermuda proves ~
greatest value on poor, upland soils-
soils that wash badly. Thousands III
acres that are now producing corn ana
cotton, especially the latter, could III
very protitably changed from quilted;
fields to built.up meadows. capable O0|
maintaining hundreds Of thousands 81
cattle. More than this, many deIdUl
that are considered too low In plsuEt
food, or too much quilted and washe&j
to produce cotton. will grow prontabIo1
crops OF Bermuda. But Bermuda nee0i
not be confined to the poor SOILS
has given yields Of hay and has 49,
tured a sufficient number of head Oh
live stock to prove its value az prc01sl
able crop for many OF the richer sotl0.t
1t appears to Withstand the effects cea
alkali. so fatal to most commonly culss
ttvated farm crops. For wet soils e I'll
much better adapted than many Of the
average crops grown in the South. A.
a general proposition, Bermuda does
better on sandy than on clay soils. but
on the latter type 1t grows well who1s
a good set Is procured. why not d.
vote few acres of your quilted cOttozS
fields to an experiment with BermudA2
Bermuda 10 Rich In Food vaiue.
Bermuda hay is remarkably high iIf{
protein, being excelled by but few hays
The hay is easily digested and ~
no equal as cheap feed for cattle.
When the high yielding powers q
Bermuda. both as q hay and pastuT 81
plant. Its ability to prevent washin1
and to restore worn-out or -runrdcW62
fields. and it's luxuriant growth ON thG3a
upper types of soils found IN the SOutl ~
are considered. we see that this cxol NJ!
may be profitably extended over mau1}
thousands OF acres in this sectje
Again ! ask. why not deyots f1S
acres Of your quilted. WORKOUT hel1 r.
Bermuda?"
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1916-03-17

An infant Bureau of Farm Develops
ment will be born In every county
within hundred miles Of Memphia
east. west and south These fnfnnn
Bureaus win teach the South how t.
feed herself and live at home. Thi0
is the vision of a city. Other citiaos
Will do well to follow the Memphis
plan.
There was written In the pages or
history thousand years ago q fundnr
mental principle which reads--"Tho
dollar that goes the farthest 10 the
dollar that stays at home"
The South will feed herself and |!
keep that dollar at home.
BERMUDA THE GRASS FOR rA@(
SOUTH.
How This Great Pasture Grass tsaGf
Demonstrated It's Worth - EyerHf
Southern Farmer Should Have u til
HIs Pasture.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1916-04-24
fifty new yearly subscribers.
GREATLY REDUCED PRICES.


GREATLY REDUCED PRICES.
Here are the reduced prices at
which contestants are authorized to
receive subscriptions: ONE YEAR
$500; SIX MONTHS s2.75; THREE
MONTHS $1.4o. These reduced
prices will be q big inducement for
subscribers. and to assist our work
eTs we agree to take no new sub
scribers who apply at the office ex-
cept at the regular rates, viz: One
year 5000; six months $500; three
months $3.50. go, t,...
WORKERS ALLOWED 20 PER
CENT.
Remember that we allow our
workers 20 per cent. OF all money
collected.
For instance: For every yearly
subscription we will allow 800:
for every six months subscription
we will allow So cents; for every
three months subscription We will
allow % cents. Thus 1t will be seen
that the person securing the frat
fifty yearly subscribers will get
$4,000. II Is understood, of course,
that two six months subscriptions,
or four three months subscriptions
will be counted as one yearly sub.
scription in awarding the prizes.
ANYONE MAY ENTER CONTEST
Any young lady or gentleman
may enter the contest by sending in
his or her name. Authorization
cards and recent books will be fur.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1916-04-24

nished on application either in per.
son Of by mail.
EVERY WORKER WILL WIN.
This Is not q voting contest
where only two or three can win.
Everyone will be rewarded accord
ing TO his efforts. We never liked
voting contests. They necessarily
cause too many disappointments
and heartaches. Twenty per cent.
Of all money collected will be al.
lowed to contestants, and besides,
each will have a chance to win one
of the beautiful prizes. -
OLD SUBSCRIBERS TO SHARE
BENEFIT.
And we are not going to overlook
our old subscribers, the good fell
lows who have kept our presses go
ing these many years. We are go
ing to treat them just as well and
even better than the new ones. BY
paying up arrearages they may sub.
scribe year in advance for $500
while this contest Is on. They,
however, must subscribe at the OF.
flee. This offer to them will posi-.
lively end with his contest, just
the same as the reduced prices to
new subscribers will end with this
contest.
SEND IN AND GET AN Az
THoRiZATioN CARD AND A RE-
cEiPT BOOK AND GO TO WORK.
YOU NEVER HAD SUCH AN
OPPORTUNITY BEFORE AND Vt
MAY NEVER COME AGAIN.