The Raymer enterprise., 1916-08-03

with sharpened sticks In their hands,
Russia was forced to fall back rapidly.
Twice II seemed the flower of the
cars army would be surrounded. once
In the vicinity Of Warsaw. and again
In the great battle near wilma.
The tale Of the taking Of great towns
grew almost tedious. II seemed the
Germans would never stop. Whether
they did stop of their own accord or
were finally checked by the Russians
Is not yet clear They settled down
for the winter on long line stretch
ing from the Baltic just west OF Riga
southeast along the Dpina river. and
then almost due south through Polies-
sic. the Pinsk marsh district, 10 the
ltouInanian frontier.
ReaWakening Of Russia.
On September S Car Nicholas took
command Of all his armies in the field,
sending his cousin, the Grand Duke
Nicholas. TO the less important COM
lnand Of the Caucasus operations.
With their Little Father" at their
head, the Russians forgot their long,
discouraging retreat. Millions Of new
young soldiers joined them, drawn
from Russia's great reservoir of hu-
man beings, which produces three and
half million men Of military age ey-
cry year.
On September 10 the Russians won
success near Tarnopol and Trembowla,
and two days later they drove the Teu-
tons back IA miles In Galicia. In other
still SELLING large slices OF territory.
but their enemies were regainiug their
energy. On September 2G the Rus
SLAMS recaptured Lutss, but were driv-
en out in short time. On October 20
they reeaptured Czartorysk, but they
were not able 10 prevent the Germans
storming Illuxt five days later. Car
tnrysk was lost and again taken by
The car January s.
Meanwhile the conquest Of Serbia.
the greatest tragedy of the war. eI-
cepting only the massacre of 100000
Armenians, was being enacted.
Invasion Of Serbia.
The real invasion Of Serbia started
In the first days Of October. A great
diplomatic battle had been fought in
Sofia. and the allies had lost. On Oc-
tobcr 7 Bulgaria In an ultimatum to
King Peter Of Serbia, peremptorily de-
manded the immediate cession of the
Macedonian lands in dispute between
the two countries and then in the pos
session Of the Serbs.
After a general bombnrdment the
Teutons crossed the river boundaries
Of Serbia In many places on October S.
Two days later they occupied Bel
grade. On the thirteenth Bulgaria in
vuded her neighbor at three points.
The successes Of the Teutons and the
Bulgarians were almost unbrosen. The
invading forces consisted Of vast
amount Of heavy artillery with small
infantry supporting forces. They
shelled the Serbians out Of position
after position In an avalanche Of steel
TO which the serbians could make no
reply.
Small forces Of French and English
landed nj Salonlki, Greek port to
which Serbia had certain entry prlyi-
leges, and did something to cover the
retreat of the Serblans by engaging
the Bulgarians in the South.
AT the beginning Of winter. Noyem.
ber 30, the Serbian soldiers crossed
their western border and struck the
trails of the dreary, snow-coyered
mountains Of the coast. Great num-
hers perished of cold and hunger on
the way. On November 20 Germany
proudly announced that the Serbian
campaign had ended, having met with
complete success.
Two Blows to the British.
The winter also saw the humllia.
tlon of the British in Mesopotamla.
The Indian government recklessly
pushed a small. poorly supplied expe-
dltlon up the Tgris valley and actu-
ally penetrated TO within seven miles
of Bagdad. Here the Eurks, with Ger
man officers directing them, adminfs-
tered defeat and the invaders fell
back with the enemy harassing them
TO the town Of kut-el-Amara, where
they we're besleged December 10.
Another expedition, also insufficient,
was sent to relieve the first. 1t was
beaten off with large losses a few
miles below Kut, flood Of the river
and swamps assisting the Turks. and
on April 80 the 1900 defenders of
Kut capitulated by order of the Brit
ish higher command.
A further British humiliation was
the evacuation of Gallipoll peninsula.
where the British held on doggedly
month after month, losing perhaps
100000 men, until they were finally
withdrawn In confession Of failure the
first week of January.
These two British fiasc0s We're what
was needed to arouse the sluggish
fighting blood of John Bull. They
finally brought England into the war
fully and uneompromisingly, to the