davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1916-09-10

Surely here il a Ncritablc WiZardry OF
modern chemistry when phen"l, the
liquid and the formaldehydc. u gas, are
brought into "a un!on which makes a
hard solid of properties which aston
.Sh both the expert and the lAyman.
TWO materials. both poisons, are
brought together and the substance
which results from this strange ALI
anCc j. absolutely harmless. so that II
may hc held in the mouth with i'm
punity. They enter many of our homes
a. disks for talking machines and mus.c
records. "" find them taking the place
ui amber fuy pipes, of ivory for billiard
balls: v" tiUd them doing service for
uu.i heads IN p,ic" uf the delicate and
lrHg.l" imported hisuues. In solution
they appear in varnishcs. or az trans,u-
cent solids They give finish as the heads
Of canes ami umbrellas. or in another
form appear rs automobile parts.
Tn" medicinal substances which are
now derived Icy American skill from
coal tar III 4 formidable list.
Tn. Rritish h'o"tnda ~ Garrrnrv -
well as the cmhlrcoes placed upon the
expectation Of leather has stimulated
tn" making of various substitutes
When peace * declared there will he
let 'oose on this market the great piles
of hides which have been piling up in
tho ports Of the old World. Russia,
Germany. ltIiv and France will Ice
Offering us hides and skins AT low
prices - get rid of what thvr have
ON hand.
Tho scarcity "f the foreign articl"
1ay ...ntS., $40 ,.a,,. ,,,,y.,g,,, a,1
successful experiments in making a
waterproof leather called washable
cape to 10 made in this country. Gloves
OF kid or dogsk.n or other feathers can
be washed with soap and water with
out injury. This fabric is produced by
working into the grain Of the leather
chrome or dlChro+nate of soda. as il
j. called in chemistry. This substance
combines with the leather and makes
an insoluhlc compound which ~rcsists
tho action ~ the moisture.
So far | have indicated only in -
general a the progress which has
been made IN chemical industry
! throughout the United States. To
realize thoroughly what has been done
ON" has only To consider how many
vast" places in the United states have
been found To hc really sources az
wealth and income. a few acres Of
poor mountain land under the wizard
"f the chemist prospector have been
found 10 contain many rare and valu-
dllc minerals which are essential t.
industrial Processes. Before We dis
covered them here. or ut least apprc-
ciatcd them, we We're buying them AT
. llHH, pvlNsz f',t,, I,,ppn.,N md k,,y-
tria and other countries in Europe.
The south especially has proved t.
he An Eldorado in her mineral re-
sources. our association mas for that
reason given n special section of tho
exposition To southern opportunity
Many of the substances which are %
The sun., 1916-09-10
American Chemists Have Done Much in the Last Two
Years to Make the United States indie
pendent of Europe

amount Of potash formerly imported :
now being obtained from domestic
sources.
one of the most important d-Nclup-
mcnts. however. has been tar suist.-
tuition of soda FOR potash in many i'll
Gustries. without entering into the
technical details, il may h, said that
with slight and Inexpensive modlrca-
tons soda AMI it's derivatives have
been found To answer many or the
uses for which. until a few months
ago. potash was considered .udispcu-
sable.
MANY kinds OF g.iSs which were
formerly made hy fus.ug the silica
or sand with the potash are NOW
manufactured as well hv the use ~
ordinary soda. For such an cN-
tensive industry AZ glassmakiuE i j.
essential that chemicals employed
should he cheap and abundant. The
sodium carbonate il now made from the
chloride Of sodium or the Common salt
which is obtained from the enormous
heds - the ~suhstanc" h"n"a,h go"
Eastern and central Western States.
Glass is being made in this country
with the soda fully as good as that IN
which potash was an ingredient. The
cutting off Of the German supply 81
glassware for scientific and chemical
purposes has been met hy our own
manufacturers. and even the famous
Jena product has been duplicated.
OXalic acid. a substance which
serves many needs in the Industrial
arts. formerly obtained 10y treating
The sun., 1916-09-10

marvellous development of the works
FOR it's manufacture in his country
represents n miracle of science.
Although the demand of the Niles
for ben2ol aud similar products used
in the making of explosives has pre-
vented the full development of our dN"
industries. coal tar dyes are being
made in considcrabl" quantities in the
United states compared with the out-
put before the German factories were
occupied with the making "f mIui-
tons.
| do not holicvo that the American
producers will ever crowd Germany
out of this market. The Germans Vii
continue to furnish most Of tn, dyes
which require involved process and
are sold in relatively small quantities.
The American wishes To produce some
one product on "a large scale the Ger
man with his infinite patience and his
clever manipulation of ~byproducts can
produce "A large variety Of dyes profit
ably under the same roof
] Their. have come into heinz sinca TIA"
beginning of the battles of the Old
World many small dye plants in ,his
country. and there Were SOM" very
fancy prices obtained for the little
they produced. However. with the de-
mand for bcnZol and such IrudHc'S
from the other side dropping. these
little concerns will 20 Their WAY. The
large and well organized ones Will sur
vivc and hc in "A position Ia do "A
profitable business.
II tho American dNc manufacturer
has - fair show think ,h,, b, vYil I.
The sun., 1916-09-10
pendent of Europe

There will he sessions of the Amcri-
and later in the week the American
Electrochcmical Society and the tech
meal association Of the pulp and paper
industry will meet. The exposition
will be the second of its kind held since
the beginning of the European war.
and will lie fraught with unusual in
terest because there will he shown the
progress made by many new corpora
tons and firms which We're not even in
existence before August. 1914. /, will
also he noted that many of the cstab-
lished houses have developed the man
ufacture Of chemicals which had been
practically controlled by Germany or
Great Britain.
So much has been said about the eff
forts to make dyestuffs in this coun-
try To replace those from the German
laboratories that other problems Of the
chemical engineer and his achieve
ments have been obscured. The efforts
Of both private and Government en-
terprise tn strengthen our chemical
d~efences in other directions are as i'm
portant as are the developments in the
ani!ine and coal tar feld.
one Of the greatest difficulties which
the war brought upon us was the cut
ting off ~ the supply of abundant and
cheap potash which had been pur-
chased from Germany. Large sections
of Teutonic territory have beneath
them potash beds consisting of soluble
ores. The preparation of this mineral
wealth for the markets Of the world is
so easy and it was So efficiently done
that as though by common consent the
trade was m~onopolized by Germany.
The potassium hydrox!dc is an essen
tial ingredient of all Fertilizers, and
its scarcity injured the cotton planters.
1t is Tor shall | say was") extensively
employed IN glass making.
Forced by necessity. We sought pot
ash everywhere within our own Coun-
try. There are abundant strata oi
fclGspar rock from which potash can
be derived in varying quantities. In
some parts Of the United States the
supply proved large and well worth
extraction. Extensive deposits of pot
ash bearing rock were found in Ne
bvaska and from "A barren waste Their,
grew the town Of Holland. where a
population OF several thousand persons
was gathered because of the work af'
forded by the gathering of potash. EN'
tensive alkaline deposits in the West
were also worked. The seaweed of tn,
Pacific Ocean proved another source
Probably less than 10 per cent. Il tn,
The sun., 1916-09-10

ol,ru oar ~mcNhdustib,c supply 81
sat and the power If such cataracts
- NIAGARA Fails for the generation If
electricity. there l. every reason to be-
iicyc that We can meet every demand
for these important crude chemicals.
Soda also has been found To- serve
the gold industry instead If potash. In
extracting the precious metal from the
crushed ore. cyanide of potassium was
always uscd as "A solvent. The collation.
after /, had taken M the gold was
made to p~rccipitatc it 10y the admix-
ilge Of z.u'. The sister cyanide i now
doing the work,
Nitrogen is one 81 tho most essential
clements IN the world. Without it
many of the most important Of the
chemical processes could not he per-
formed. Although there has been a
great scarcity OF bottoms. which has
!u,crfered with the United states get
ting the nitrate Of soda or the saltpctre
.rec, .hc Chilean hcac - ~ large GUAM
titles as desired, still there has been
enough to meet practically every need.
The efforts of Germany. however. 10
gc, enough n!trates FOR war purposes
and the fact that she has even been
Gathering nitric acid from the air.
nave impressed upon American chem
lists the necessity for having the
means at hand for the production OF
nitrogen compounds on "A large scale.
We have several small plants which 10y
the Use of powerful electric currents
draw nitrogen from the atmosphere
direct and then fix IL in the form
of So-clllcd ar saltpctre. In time
OF war there IL no doub that
nitrogen obtained from his source, al
though the process is expensive. could
u' made az great value. especially II
there j abundant and cheap water
power at hand. The cyanam.d pro-
dleol in such large quantities at Mag
ara Falls could however. be easily con
Ncrtod into u~itydtcs.
There are means a. hand. therefore
for the u..rat.on processes - essential
for the manufacture nf high explosives
IT, commercial nitric acid Is obtained
principally los treating Sdltpctrc with
~~ulphdr.c aCid. As long az w have
On" means a. hand for producing sui
phur,o acid on such a largo scale a.
We have az present there is no reason
in worry about obtaining the n!;rl,
acid. Wh.,l could hc made bv treating
tic air ~l.. prtrc with the suiphurir
The United States has. especially IN
Louisiana. vast deposits of sulphur
from which sulphIrlr acid Is IN ide. =,
large i the supply Of sulphur IN fact
that 1t j. an open secret that the
A,h.sra., nrAl Stsflrup SIlt,DtI- inter.
The sun., 1916-09-10
By DR.. ALLEN ROGERS.

- HEMIsTRY is one Of the chief
d~efences of "A nation in the
wars Of trade. When the Eu-
ropean conflict ends there will he a
readjustmcnt OF all industries. We
have been repeatedly warned here that
the industrial arts, and the workers i'm
them especially, will ave to meet the
competition OF the cheap labor and
the low cost products Of a Europe
eager to sell her wares in the marts
OF the world. The ability Of Germany
when under normal conditions has
been often discussed in the last few
months and the tocsin of trade war
has alrca6s been sounded from afar.
The chemical engineers of the United
States since the beginning OF the Eu-
have dome their part well ~ rrera--
ing this country to meet the emergen-
cies Of wal and peace. DR.. l.. II. Back
land has recently summed up chem
ical preparedness for war. 1t is my
purpose To call attention to what the
alchemists of this & have done to
strengthen the nation against the in
vasion Of the legions Of m As
a matter Of fact. We are in a position
at present To meet competitors in the
making Of most chemicals anywhere.
provided rival merchandise is moi; Of
fered at less than the cost Of produce
ton. II an anti-dumping clause he
enacted there would be no reason
whatever to bar this nation from MAX
ing scores OF chemical products which
were not produced here before the war
and at prices which would assure the
manufacturers a good share OF the
business.
There was much talk in the first few
months of the European struggle
about the rapid deN elopment of II
chemical Enormous guam
titles Of chemicals used in the manu-
facture OF explosives were sold on pa
per and the lay journals were filled
with the accounts OF munition depo,s
which had sprung up as If by magic.
We heard OF our infant chemical in
dustries growing into giants over
night. After the first furry, however,
has come much solid achievement, as
the public will see from the study OF
the many exhibits Of the National En-
position OF Chemical Industries to he
held at the Grand Central Palace the
week OF September 25.
The sun., 1916-09-10

Since the beginning of the u the
large mining and smelling companies
have awakened IL the realization that
the fumes uf suiphHr from their works.
"A most undesirable waste. are of com
mercial value. They have been con-
densing them and i~mprcGnating water
with them in the making of sulphuric
acid. We are now in "a position to
supply not only this country but Il for
eign demand Tor su, pnuric acid. Now
hat the hig corporations are IN tho
way of making L. without much adj
ditiunal expense. they will continue to
take the profits from the ~hyproduct.
Cheap acids are a mighty factor In the
success Of chemical industries and
everything whigh uses crude chem
icals.
The old type beehive coke lvcn was
a crime gains economy and efficiency.
In burning coal enough to expel the
volatile constituents the old line COM
uanies lost b~vproducis which were
riches in themselves. The smoke from
the top Of the old type ovens rose in
black wreaths. discharging wealth into
an atmosphere which soon dissipated
I IsNli NV VI ~ Nv
other valuable constituents flowed into
streams. where they performed no
more valuable activity than killing FISH.
The noted English scientist DR.. W. IL.
Fcrkln found a process for making
dyes from coal tar which the Germans
appropriated and with ii developed a
gigantic industry. From this waste
they bull; up the gigantic dye
stun industry. The demand FOR ben
zoI, toluol and phcuol. substances used
in the making of the explosives so
largely the sinewe Of modern warfare,
caused the big iron and steel COM
panias and other industries to conserve
their waste. and in the meantime hum
drcd> and thousands OF the new type
of b%yproduCt coke ovens have been
built. All that was spread to the air
ana the waters is now being converted
into deadly efficiency.
when the European MAR is ovcr and
the extraordinary demand for henzol
and like products ceases there will still
he "A large trade in these liquids. There
VIII never he any more OF them i'm
ported. IN my opinion. and the result
VIII be that there will Ice a scramble
of some of the companies to market
their supply.
Tho twin towers of steel used in the
collection and s%cruhhing of benzol are
familiar sights in the coal and iron re-
eions. The gases bearing the hcnzol
rise t. minclc with the oil which dril~
down over gratlngs or grids for scv-
cnty feet. There the oil is collected
and the bcnzol L. distilled. Tho capital
invested in such structures az these
Will not he lost even when the harves,
of the wars is over, for hen2ol servce
many other trades than the military
one II il likely To he used more and
more for "A casolenc substitute. The
The sun., 1916-09-10
NEW STYLE COKE OVEN SAVES 9>-PR0p
FORMERLY WASTED
Substitutes Provided for Products Formerly Obtained
From Germany and Home Industries Devel Oped
achievements to Be Exhibited

hc shown in this Livisiou v,,c ,,.,r
normi,iod IN lie uninsured ,r vera
Skinned io l.nropc I, bo returned t,.-
in MANUFACTURED form "a, hi,I r,
oir brethren of the SOUTHERN state.
have in their t,mbor rr.inns l.,,,
great ~uo,cntial wealth. OWN. ,, t..
nctivi,ics of .h.,nic,I ,|nrir... o..
After the lumbermau has take. lv..
his logs the chemist comes fec .,atu-..
waste. the slabs. tho boirhs T., t,..r
ycrted into apc pubs. ,Naas a...
cohol. dives and many other i.r..
which have so imporilrt ilrl n.
Gus,r..
The members of the Tr....,. A...
citation uf I,ulp and p,u,. In.
who are 10 meet tho Nm,r.,,r. ,..r.
zeal Society I'm , inln, conference.
been considering, on ace Iur %,
high price Of news print and o'Go- -,.
pers. the economics of the "ur,
to which in some sections. AS ,. GIL,
Pacific slopc. much wood 4, ..rf
docs serve Tor regular board s.z..
association il also c~ons.iariu" o.. IT,.
OF palmetto roots. c.lltlusc IN ,ii.o..
forms. even cornStalks. as ,ul.,f..cs
for wood pulp in the making of i.il,,
Since the falling off uf the ~.i,ps q
sulphitc pulp from sweden and N...
way. paper has been iucrca,.i-
price. Tho chemicals used 90 ,
bleaching are far moro cNpcns.vc 4, ..
per, which is uSu, in mak.. SIC.
screens used in the manuflr .',. .
also higher. The use of ~ v-'
products of the forest and In" %. n
no doubt aid in solving the, '.....
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1916-06-27

HEARST THROWS A FIT-When
Hearst throws a fit he's funnier than
his Sunday comics-and the more
serious and hysterical he gets the
funnier he is. To get the humor of
the situation you must remember
that Hearst owns 1,O16,O0O acres of
land in Mexico that might be worth
$40 to $50 an acre if Uncle Sam were
to send an army of 5000 American
soldier boys into Mexico to grab and
then police and pacify the country.
He could then farm his millionaire
ranch with cheap peon labor.
Willie has finally tipped his mitt in
his hysteria. He now boldly demands
that we make war on Mexico for
purposes Of conquest, and says:
I'VE must go down into Mexico
and spend our money by millions and
LOSE THE LIVES OF THOUSANDS
OF OUR FINE YOUNG MEN because
the masses of the Mexican people
have been misgovened and op-
pressed by the numerically small
ruling class. -
This will give the fathers and
mothers of the thousands of fine
young men some idea Of why Hearst
and others are so willing to sacrifice
their precious lives on the altar of
Hearst patriotism.
And they can begin to understand |
the enthusiasm Of some Of the rich
est milnonaires for preparedness.
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1916-06-27

Possibly these parents viii begin
to see that the demand for a big
standing army isn't because of any
real fear Of invasion by Germany or
Japan. but because the American
owners of Mexican concessions want
an army of 100000 fine young men
to grab Mexico. It isn't an army for
defense they want, but rather an
army for invasion and conquest
and, after that, police duty in the
conquered country.
It is interesting to note, also, that
the most hystericaI-not to say
crazy-Organs of war and conquest
are such pro-kaiser newspapers as
the Hearst papers and the Chicago
Tribune, which appear to want to
transfer the seat of our government
from Washington Berlin.
AS for the Tribune, its editors and
publisheFs-who have been war-mad
for months - will probably get g
beIIyful of patrol duty on the Mexi-
can border. They'll be in luck if they
are not yanked up on the carpet for
INSTRUMENTATION for the moment
they are drafted into the federal
service MAZE BERTHE Mccormick and
Private Joe Patterson will have to
look to President Wilson as their
cOmmander-in-chief
Somebody must have tipped that
off to them last week, for the Trib
ran an editorial announcement that
during their service in the Illinois ma
tional guard they would have moth
ing to do with the management Of
the Trib-the job having been turned
over to Vice President Field and
Managing Editor Beck.
The same war policy inaUgurated
by Mccormick and Patterson, how
ever, is still SOLDERING through the
columns of the Trib, and we have the
interesting situation of two national
guardsmen denOuncing their COM
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1916-06-27

WITHOUT PREJUDIcE."-Hen-
ry Ford gave out statement in De-
troit on Saturday that all men on
his payroll who enlist for army seTEs
The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1916-08-16

N,u YORK AUG li Spot cotton
stead. mIddliur uplaud- Slt3u. SO
-flrs
The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1916-08-16
WANTED-Female Help

" NNTIb- Salcsladi, ED.,hWali -
WANTEu-SaIeslnai N.s'Icr. CoI-
lister s. Go.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1916-04-05
What's Bad for Your
Skin is Bad for
Your Clothes

Many laundry soaps and
soap powders roughen the
skin of The hands. The same
chemical mat does this is in
furious to fabrics.
BoraX is beneficial to the
skin. 1t cannot possibly hurt
your clothes. But it cleans
them to perfection.
30 Mule Team Borax
Soap Chips" are pure soap
and pure boraX combined in
the right proportions for
laundry work.
A 25c package will do
more cleaning than Soc
worth of bar soap or wash
ing powders.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1916-04-05

far as Speeceville as that he believed
to be the section of the road most in
need of immediate improvement. The
Senator said that the Highway De
partment is suffering for lack of
funds because no Governor within
his recollection has had the courage
to veto a lot of private appropriation
bills that ought never to have gotten
out of committee. Senator Beidleman
also won round of applause when
he referred to the plan for a bridge
across the Susquehanna in which Mil
lersburg people are so much interested
and which would mean so much to
them. The Senate passed the Bedle-
man bridge bill last session but it was
killd in the House. Another effort
will be made to get it through the
Legislature next session.
Mr.. Bosch complimented Millers-
burg on the size and activity of it's
club ard pledged the cooperation of
the Harrisburg club in any enterprise
attempted by the upper enders.
The dinner was brought to an early
close to permit the visitors to return
to Harrisburg on the 9:53 train. The
club voted its thanks to the commit
tee on arrangements, to the manage
ment of the Hotel Charles for the very
pretty flag and floral decorations and
to the Millersburg orchestra for the
music of the evening.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1916-04-05
STEELTON AND NEARBY TOWNS|
CANAL NUISANCE
AGAIN TO FRONT
Taxpayers Watch With Inter-
est Councils Pending Action
on Ordinance

High water of the past week has
dinance now before Steelton's coun-
ell, which has ben endorsed by some
OF the councilmen because they say
it will wipe out the old Pennsylvania
Canal nuisance.
Since the abandonment years ago of
this canal as a traffic route. it has
been converted into a sort of a sur
race sewage drain for the borough.
instead of placing sewers under the
tracks of the railroads and through
the West Side to the river the author
ltles IN years past adopted the cheap
er eXpedient and drained direct into
the canal.
For years past property owners
along the towns principal thorough
lare, which the canal parallels, have
been urging that the old canal be done
away with, and declare that it has
peen constant source of disease and
property.
Although fill recently made along
the east bank of the stream and it
lower surface, due to a larger outlet
at the Harrisburg end of the canal,
kept the flood waters below the stages
reached in former years, some dam
''5N Nein iOiiN' 4hdilN CdlleTS were Hi
ed with water that seeped through the
earth bank and property owners along
the canal were much inconvenienced
by the coating of mud left behind
when the waters receded.
What Ordinance Does
The ordinance now before council
which affects the canal was introduced
to grant the Pennsylvania railroad
the right to construct a freight spur
into the steel works along the old tow
path. 1t is now on final reading and
will likely be disposed of at the next
meeting of council.
As the ordinance now stands it is
unsatisfactory to council because it
has been shown that the canal nuis-
ance Will not be abated and that the
stream will still remain open. For
this reason council has held the meas
ure under advisement for several
months.
In the meantime. however, the rail-
road has gone ahead with it's con-
struction work and now has line
graded from the Harrisburg to the
borough line, preparatory to laying
its tracks upon the final passage of the
ordinance.