The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-10-25
COTTON GINNING SUGGESTIONS
STAPLE VERY OFTEN INJURED
By IMPROPER GINNING.
Must be Well Dried Before it is Gin
ned, as Green or Damp Cotton VIII
Not Yield Good Samplcs-Spced of
Saws and Brushes Also Plays I'M
pOrtant Role.

ance Of proper handling and ginning |
Of cotton, especially in long staple |
districts, can not be overemphasized.
A good staple produced from pure
pedigreed seed, If ginned green or
damp or with gin saws running too
fast may be damaged in value from
IS to $25 or more a bale. The fol-
lowing suggestions are made by the
cotton handling specialists of the Of
fee of markets ard r"ral organization,
United States department Of agricul-
.ure:
All cotton should be thoroughly dry
before it is ginned. 1t is not Iossib;e
for the ginner to turn out, from green
or damp cotton. good, smooth sam
pie free from Sin cutting and mapping
The farmer who insists on having his
cotton ginned In this condition has
only himself to blame if the buyers
penalize 1T from IS to $25 per bale.
In considering the proper ginning of
long staple cotton, several different
items demand attention. The condi-
ton and shape Of the saw teeth are
important. A long saw tooth. not too
sharp. which will comb rather than
cut the cotton from the seed, is pre-
ferable to short, very sharp tooth.
Much also depends upon the way the
sew teeth are sharpened.
The speed Of the saws, the speed of
the brush, and the condition of the
gin roll are other important factors.
Also the lint should be carried direct
ly from the condenser into the press
box. Foot packing makes the sample
appear somewhat rough and should be
avoided whenever possible.
Gin manufacturers agree that q
reasonable speed of the saw shaft
does not materially affect the quality
J of ginning provided the brushes re-
move the lint from the saw teeth. It
has been shown. however, that a prop
| er speed is from 326 to 375 revolutions
per minute on a 12-inch saw, and
from S75 to 425 revolutions per min
ute on 10-inch saw.
Brushes should always be kept In
the best condition and should be set so
that the bristies reach to the bottom
tnkskhA aaH. -teath q = 81 J. s.. : :
The speed OF the brush should be
from 1900 to 1900 revolutions per
minute. Whenever possible brush
driven Independently of the saw shaft
is recommended, BY this arrangement
any change in the speed Of the saw
shaft does not affect the speed of the
brush. 81
| Other things being equal, II is i'm.
possible to lay too much stress on the
condition of the roll in the ginning Of
long staple cotton. 1t is impossible for
the saws to pass through a hard roll
without cutting or mapping the fiber
What Is known as a slack or soft roll
should always be used for ginning
long staple cotton. This roll should
be run just hard enough to prevent
breaking, and the feed should be ad-
Justed so as to keep it as nearly as
possible of the same consistency
throughout its entire length.
The huller breast is recommended
In preference to tho single rib type for
ginning long staple cotton. The chief
reason for recommending this type is
that more uniform roll can be made
and each lock Of seed cotton is more
thoroughly loosened before it reaches
the gin roll. The hullerO breast also
takes out the burrs and large trash.
While these observations pertain
chiefly to the ginning of long staple
cotton. they are equally applicable to
the ginning of all cotton on saw-gins.
WHEAT RISES FURTHER.