davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pulaskian., 1916-09-01

went ahead. Perhaps she was narv. ous; perhaps she forgot to put in some necessary ingredients; however that may be, the dumplings were a dismaI failure. They were flat and heavy and off color, and Elizabeth, who was heart. broken over it, wanted to throw then, into the alley, or give them to the da. serving poor, but Mrs. Turner didn't like to see anything go to waste. sa she had them served up.
 The members of the family ate soma steak and potatoes and then tackled the dumplings. After eating a small portion, old Mir. Turner reared up and yelled, and bit a piece out of the hack of his chair and then began rolliny around on the floor. Then Robert Gregson Turner gave a good imitation of a contortionist; and presently Mrs Turner and the clerks did some ground and lofty tumbling. Outrageous and apothecaries were summoned. and oq course, they decided that the family had been poisoned with arsenic. And who but Elizabeth Fenning could have administered the poison? Her guilt was manifest. So Elizabeth went to jail.
 A great mass of evidence was in. troduced by the prosecution at the trial, and all of it was so trifing as to be absurd. Great stress, for in- stance was laid upon the fact that Elizabeth had repeatedly asked per mission to make apple dumplings. This was considered conclusive proof that she had contemplated the crime a long time. 1t didn't occur to anybody that dumplings were not necessary to the administering of arsenic. Had she been anxious to poison the Turner's she had opportunities every day.
 Mrs. Turner testified at great length. and in every sentence showed her hatred of the girl. She testified that there had been a paper of arsenic in the drawer of the kitchen table, and when she recovered from her sickness she looked for the paper, but it was gone. This made a deep impression upon the jury, and seemed to stick in their minds, to the exclusion of the story of one of the clerks, who swore that the package of arsenic had been missing before Elizabeth went to work for the Turner's. It was taken for granted that arsenic had been used, because an ignorant doctor and more ignorant druggist said so. In after
The Pulaskian., 1916-09-01
USE ARABS TO FIGHT L0cUsTs
Soldiers Dig Trenches Into Which Matching Pests Were Driven
 and Destroyed.

Djemal Pasha put some thousands of Arab soldiers at my brothers dis position, and these were set to work digging trenches into which the hatch ing locusts were driven and destroyed. This is the only means of coping with the situation; once the locusts get their wings, nothing can be done with them. It was hopeless fight. Nothing short of the cooperation of every farmer in the country could have won the day; and while the people of the progressive Jewish villages struggled on to the end-men, women and chill dren working in the fields until they were exhausted-the Arab farmers sat by with folded hands. The threats of the military authorities only stirred them to half-hearted efforts. Finally, after two months of toll, the campaign was given up and the locusts broke in waves over the countryside, destroying everything. As the Prophet Joel said i: "The land is as the Garden of Eden before them, and behind them a deso- late wilderness. The field is wasted :; the land mourneth, for the corn is wasted; the new wine is dried up, the oil languisheth.'
 Not only was every green leaf de- voured, but the very bark was peeled from the trees, which stood out white and lifeless, like skeletons. The fields were striped to the ground, and the old men of our villages, who had given their lives to cultivating these gardens and vineyards, came out of the syna- gogues where they had been praying and wailing and looked on the ruin with dimmed eyes. Nothing was spared The insects. in their fierce hunger, tried to engulf everything in their way.-Alexander Aaronsohn, in Atlantic.
The Pulaskian., 1916-09-01
of His Chair.

their names are legion. Among these sacrifices to medical ignorance, and stupidity, as well as to the blood thirsty rapacity of prosecuting law yers, none ever gained the public sym pathy to such degree as did Eliza beth Fenning, who suffered on the tire less British gallows nearly hundred years ago.
 For long time her name was a household word in England. When she was sentenced to death some of the greatest and most famous men in the country exerted themselves in her be- half; poets wrote verses about her {; men of high standing circulated peti- tions; thesplain people held mass meet fngs and passed resolutions; but all in vain. The British ca of justice, a hundred years ago. was that it is bet ter to hang hundred innocent people, than to let one guilty person escape.
 Elizabeth Fenning was the daughter of poor but worthy parents, and she grew up with the knowledge that she would have to work for her living. Being a sensible girl, she determined to excel in her humble calling, so she became an excellent cook. At odd times she studied diligently and gained a general education that was unusual in one of her station. She was pretty, modest and self-respecting, and made a good impression everywhere.
 Upon an evil day she accepted a portfolio as cook in the family of Rob- ert Gregson Turner, a London station CT. Turner's father lived with him, and also two or three clerks. Mrs. Turner was one of those imperious Queen Elizabeth sort of women who were more numerous-thank heaven L. century ago than they are now. She looked upon her servants and hand maidens as being trifle less than hu- man, and always was reading the riot act to them and making their lives burden. She rebuked Elizabeth for imaginary otfenses. The girl, who did her work conscientiously, was more used to praise than criticism, and Mrs. Turner's lectures wounded her deeply.
 Elizabeth was a good cook, and she took special pride in her apple dump lings. She felt that when it came to apple dumplings she could please the crowned heads, and upon several oc- casions she asked Mrs. Turner's per mission to prepare these delicacies. The old girl always vetoed this propo- sition, saying that her folks didn't care three wnoops for dumplings. At last the girl got permission to dish up some of her celebrated dumplings, so she secured some yeast from the brewer, and some milk from the milkman, and
The Pulaskian., 1916-09-01

At the beginning of the world war Brody was thriving commercial cen ter with a population approaching 20,- 900, more than two-thirds of whom were Jews. Its prosperity was checked to some extent about 40 years ago, when, after having enjoyed the privi- leges of a free commercial city for exactly 100 years, its charter was with drawn.
 Less than half a century before Brody was created a town in the sew enteenth century it was the scene of an important battle in which the Poles, commanded by their famous grand hetman, Stanislaus Ponieckpolski, de- feated Tartar army. This was the last battle of Ponieckpolski's dis tinguished career. For quarter of a century he was at war with Turks and Swedes, his initiation in military science being somewhat disastrous, for he was captured by the Turks in his first important engagement and was held in close confinement for three years at Constantinople. Upon his re- lease in 1862 he was placed in com- mand of the Polish republics forces and with force of 25,000 defeated 60,- 900 Tartars at Martynow. His achieve ments against the army of Gustavus Adolphus were no less noteworthy than his long series of victories whereby he succeeded in keeping the Ukraine un- der Polish rule.
 Brody twice suffered from disas- trous confiagrations during the nine- teenth century. The first, occurring in 1901, destroyed 1,500 houses, while the fire of 1859 reduced 1000 homes and business establishments to ashes.
 The upper waters of the Styr river form an irregular arc extending from the southwest to the north of Brody, being ten miles distant at it's nearest point, toward the northwest. Five miles from the city, just beyond the border on the Dubno-Lemberg railway, is the Russian town of Radziwilow, with population of about 5000
The Pulaskian., 1916-09-01

years an eminent British scientist onstrated conclusively that the Turn CTS were not poisoned with arsenic, whatever caused their sufferings. None of the symptoms of arsenical poisoning was present.
 All evidence against the girl was freely admitted, but whenever wit ness for the defense was on the stand, his evidence was ruled out on one pretext or another, and the unfortunate girl was found guilty and sentenced to death. Had she been convicted of making bad dumplings and fined five shillings that would be no cause for complaint. but the girl really was hanged for making poor dumplings. Nobody outside the courtroom and the Turner family ever believed she was a pOisoner.
 Nothing could be more pitiful than the fate of Elizabeth Fenning. Such determined efforts were being made in her behalf by great men and women rAtttb IL oCVliCu ellllOSI CSl Lttlu iCl RSAA tence would be commuted. But all the efforts failed, and on the morning of July 26, 1915, she was told to pre- pare herself for translation. She came from her cell wearing white muslin dress and a snowy cap. Her pretty, gentle face was untrOubled, her eyes undismayed. Hardened criminals ana men accustomed to horrible scenes had tears on their cheeks while the execu- tioner bound her hands. A distln- guished citizen of London, who had worked night and day to save her, stepped up to her, sobbing, and said
 "Tell me, Elizabeth, in the name or God, that you are innocent"
 Tn the name of God, then, am innocent" replied the girl, and they were her last words. She died at the age of twenty-one, and no gallows was ever put to more barbarous use.
 Next day, and for several days there after crowds collected in the street where the Turner's lived, and bombara- ed the house with rocks, and it was long time before any of the Turner's could appear in public with safety. Elizabeth's parents had bankrupteo themselves trying to secure justice TOT her and fund was raised for tnelr relief. and the fact that money Tor that fund came from all over Europe shows how intense was the indignation over the murder ot this unfortunate girl.
The Pulaskian., 1916-09-01
Congress Should Provide Equipment for
 an Army of at Least Three Million Men
By W. WELLINGTON MAssEE Headmaster Massee Country School Bronxville. N. Y

Because snng regular army unduv many o regular officers general interest in paredn have suggested all country into military frame of mind carefully ons which would not be Such ans however according the greatest prepared do not very materially if at a help prepare against
 foreign and such plans only sidesteppng the if preparedness prepared way, congress should vote much of the following:
 Three million uniforms and complete 300O000 ode 25000 complete kitchen and for travel heavy transportation trucks 5000 amored automobiles 25oo machine guns cannon field and siege artillery supply of all last at least six months
 Should there be any danger light preparedness for the first In real danger such France under with all this and with strong navy people old young could follow the pursuits of peace with tranquil mind Tie would hesitate long time before making this side water By the end of the first could the field 00oOO hardened and trained soldiers.
The Pulaskian., 1916-09-01
lnhenched Wealth and Poverty in this Country Are Real Enemies of the Nation
By DARWIN ]. MESEROLE President New York Branch American Union Against Mtarsm

believe real preparednessagainst like milasm need citizens wideawake ezen and sympathy w fight that
 Hay afoa about think it Germany think Japan us single threat The report of the industrial relations definitely pointed poverty Our wealth twenty-five years hundred egtyseven billions while the tword the families ncudng the earnings father children children factories twelve day) year. of one-third of these a year.
 Where this wealth going? Into foreign investments compe- ton with capitalists protect American earn who the wealth did asked great program To the worker it s economic and political death
 But they ask than that They the wage only Q agree preparedness but to furnish the
The Pulaskian., 1916-09-01
A Horrible Accident.

A popular sportsman, being vastly conceited about his fine figure, wore corsets to show it off. One day he prone on the road. A farm laborer ran to render him assistance. The first-aid man began to feel the fallen one all over to see if any bones hap pened to be broken, and suddenly yelled out to another laborer:
 'Isun, Jack, for heavens sake, for a doctor. Here's a mans ribs runnin' north and south, instead Q east and west"
The Pulaskian., 1916-09-01
College Student Who Drinks, Swears
 and Smokes Is Rapidly Disappearing
By DR. GEORGE HARRIS Professor of Theology at Harvard University

The college student who drinks and smokes rapidly becom relic of the past Instead have undergraduates who ytay interested in the great religious issues of the day.
 The belief that the college of right sadly twisted Quite to the contrary found that the great majority of students act under high ethical standard
 Drinking immortality boasng all swiftly disappearing from college M their stead growing for and interest religion Religion formerly summed Students would not talk about it. Now student boastng of his unbef challenging Chris tanity would be considered low silly fellow. College primarily truhu whatever their faults they will not tell lies The ideal of the college is that of the gentleman
The Pulaskian., 1916-09-01
Failure to Develop Inland Waterways Reduces Volume of Our Foreign Trade
 By SENATOR JOSEPH E. RANsDElL of Loud.n.

We can never reach the completest development of all our resources unless have available the cheap
 est possible transportation; and one might as well deny the correctness of the multiplication table to deny that a completely improved and thoroughly equipped waterway furnish transportation more cheapy than any other method known to man. There enormous in the United States which will never be developed until they have water transporta- tion available because they cannot stand the cost of
The Pulaskian., 1916-09-01

food for thought the during ending with 1913 the foreign Germany country much smaller than the United States with wealth. much popula- on and vastly inferior exceeded the foreign of the United States by hundreds of millions of dollars and the steadily growing greater as the years went by.
 In country the farthe point of which only far from great seaport Pittsburgh from New York the farseeng statesmen of Ger have thought develop intricate network of connecting waterways order that cheap transportation should enable the develop men of the of of the In this country tcal the whole the continent today dependent rail transportation and the failure to develop waterways will only limit the total of foreign trade which competition with nations better supplied with transportation facilities but will have
 tendency to concentrate all manufacturing for the seacoa to the detrment of the interior of the country
The Pulaskian., 1916-09-01
Their Kind.

ssMr. Parvenu boasts he has all the gems of literature in his library"
 'Tll bet they're uncut gems, then.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-02
Saturday, August 26, 1916.

Paving streetd rom6
West and Third street. bound.
a
lO-mnute delay
the Lmbo bridge delayed the Duluth
minutes from ll26 l33 minutes from sos 5:l3
p m.
Open the mbo bridge DELAYED the
Sunday, August e. 1916.
Paving West Third street delayed from 10 minutes
from 1904 Tall
lO:l4 1884 M
Monday, August 28 1916.
Paving streed Ocas6t tool
draw the Interstate delayed the Duluth
to M
the
minut rom9: q: m.
: H. Tuesday, August 20, 1916
Paving West Third street delayed 40 to % minutes
bridge delayed DuuthSuper
minutes from s:l4 $40 minutes from e:l4 s:sl
IA minutes from 6:44 5:5o minutes from 1924 lo:+
Attention
81.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-02
LABOR Will TABOO.
GOPHER STATE FAIR
Managers Refuse to Recognize
Unions and Boycott Will
Result.

ST. PAUL. Aug. 31.-The MANAGERS
of. the Minnesota state fair have
spurned organized labor's claim to
recognition at their hands, and ORGAN
lied labor has decided to taboo the
state fair this year, no matter what
attractions it. may offer.- Perhaps the
managers of the fair think the pa
tronage of organized labor is a. mat
ter of small account, but their expert
ence in the past has not been such as
to justify them in this belief A few
years ago the mer then in charge of
the fair turned deaf ear to the an
peals of the labor forces. and the at
tendance on their opening day then
fell off many thousands. The next
year, when they hearkened to labor,
to some extent at least, the loss was
much more than made up. The man.
ayers may ignore the labor unions if
they wish. but they will find out in
the long run, if not immediately, that
such policy will not be profitable to
them. Organized labor can get along
without the fair and feel no loss
Possibly the fair can get along with
out union labor and feel no loss, but
as there are more than 10000 union
workers in st. Paul alone such a. re-
suit does not seem proba ble.-Union
Advocate.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-02
EIGHT-HOUR LAW ':-:>.
WILL SOON BE HERE
{Continued from page ~

(COnunueq from page ~
of workers being organized into ef-
fective unions. The. hypocrisy of the
railway owners was there again illus
trated, in their assumption that they
were standing out against the Brother
hoods in interest of the other railway
workers, when they admitted in an
other breath that to grant the de-
mands of the ,,Brotherhoods would
inevitably mean that they would en-
courage other railway workers to de-
mand and receive wages, hours and
conditions of work that the Brother
hoods had wrung from them.
In the difficulty that the President
of the United States is now having
with the errand boys of Wall Street
financiers, the people realize as never
before what organized labor is up
against when it seeks justice and fair
dealing in it's right to work and to
live. The power that controls the
great public service of transportation
sets itself against the power not only
of the workers, but of all the pub
lie, as represented in the government
at Washington. That power it not in
III
road business and know what trans
portation ought to be; but 1t is IN the
hands of a few "captains Of finance
who know no more about the railroad
business than they know about the
rights of labor. 1t is the hands or
such men as j. P. Morgan, VINO,
when asked by Chairman Walsh OF
the Commission on Industrial Rela-
tions whether he thought SO week
for a. dock workers was enough, re-
piled, "Well, if that is al! he can get
and he takes it, I suppose it is
enough"
Il. has been proved in this still
nendine spectacle that neither indus
trial efficiency nor regard for the
nub1ic welfare rests with those who
! own the railroads and assume to con-
troll them. It has been proved on
the contrary. that this efficiency ana
this regard for PUBLIC welfare res's
with the railway workers, with tne
men who know how railroads coulo
and should be operated, and VINO 90
the actual work of Transporting tne
freight and passengers over the 22o'-
600 miles of the American railway
system.
Wilson's Second Encounter.
President Wilson is having his Sec
ond encounter with the stubbornness
of those irresponsible grabbers OF
| wealth and natural resources who as
sumo to dictate the lives Of thell
workers.. The Rockefeller: refused
CURLY to permit the Presidents IN
terventior in the Colorado strike
and all the horrors of that strike
eliminating in the Ludlow massacre
followed.
In this later controversy involving 9
more definitely public service the
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-02

many wars by submitting therefore
delay and public discussions. Nations
are like men: The longer they talk the
less likely they are to fight.
The league is strongest in America
just now, although it is active in both
belligerent and other neutral .coun-
tries, and would be still more active
but for the exigencies of the war
situation.
The first annual national assem-
blage at Washington last May was at
tended by more than 1000 delegates
from every state in the union and rep
resenting every profession and occu-
patton. President Wilson, Secretary
Of War Baker and Senator Lodge
were among the distinguished men
who delivered addresses. The prin-
ciples of the league have been in
dorsed in the political platforms of
both the Republican and the Demo-
cratic parties and by the candidates of
both parties, by the Chamber of Com
MERGE Of the United States and by q
number of othed prominent .organi-
zation1. -. 1. !. 5..5 - ~ III.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-02
PENSION PLAN | IS
SNARE TO WORKERS
Swift Company May Refuse to
Grant Annuity. If Worker.
Strikes.

ST. LOUIS, Aug. 31.-Americar
Federation of =, Labor employees here
are bitter in their denunciation of the
pension plan of Swift &, Co., the large
meat packing firm, has just an.
.nounced for it's workers. They, claim
that it is nothing less than a scheme
to stop the workers from striking 70,
fear that they will lose such benefits
as the plan provides for them. Al
present, a number of Swift employees
are involved in the local general meat
strike. y =
The plan became effective this
month. AS a basis. a. 100000 fund
has been set apart by the firm, to
which it will add. Sas'. necessity re.
quires. Employees will not contribute
to the fund. =: ;.
Men in the employ of the company
for twenty-five years shall be pen
stoned when they reach the age of CO.
Women who have *;worked for the
company rs years shall be pensioned
at the age of SIS. Employees who, re:
tire on account Of incapacity after Is
to rs years. service shall be pensioned
on a basis of 1 u per cent of the aver
age salary for the five-year period
preceding retirement, which must
consist of continuous service.
Pensions shall not exceed $4,000 a
year and shall not be less than $24O
a year.
What labor organizers object to
most strongly in: the plan is that there
is no provision which compels the
firm to pay the pensions if it elects
not to do so in any case. At the same
time, it is pointed out that if the
workers try to secure higher wages by
striking. the company, even If the men
win their strike and resume their
place, may claim that the men have
not been in continuous service rs
years. and so will not be entitled to a
pension. Fear of this, it is said, may
keep many of the older employees
from striking should a call for a walk
out be issued for the workers of the
Swift plant.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-02
CHILD WELFARE CLUB
FOUNDED IN SUPERIOR

To promulgate definite and con-
crete ideas for bringing children to
the highest point Of development,
physically, mentally and morally, a
Superior branch of the Child Welfare
circle, a department of the National
Congress of Mothers, has been organ
lied. The meeting was in charge Of
Miss Louise Houston and Miss Lima
Houston, her sister, national organic
ers. Among those addressing the
meeting was Miss Emma Tyler, SUI
perior's policewoman.