davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02
KILL OFF TH|sTLEs
Plant Abounds Throughout Gen.
trail West States.
OF Late Years Weed Has Been In
creasingly Troublesome in Grain
Growing observation-disclosures
Soil Unfit for Farming.

CFrom the United States Department of
Agriculture.)
In the states north of the Ohio
river, probably no plant bears such
bad reputation as the so-called Canada
thistle. This marvelously prickly
plant abounds in grain fields, pastures,
and meadows throughout the central
west, and is common in the northeast
ern states. It is found in parts of
West Virginia, Kentucky, and Mis-
souri,, and of late years has been in
creasingly Troublesome in the grain
growing sections of the Northwest.
Canada thistle, or simply thistle" =
has been condemned in the laws of 20
states, and at least 100 local commu-
mites. Certainly no plant is more
generally and heartily disliked, unless
it be the sand bur of the southern
coastal plain.
The unpopularity Of Canada thistle
is due largely to it's unsightly appear
ance and exceedingly spiny leaves, and
to its persistent resistance to at
tempts at eradication. Under ordi-
nary cropping systems and with rea-
sonarle care, the thistle is at worst
disagreeable nuisance. Generally
speaking. it does not injure the quail
ity or quantity Of farm products, ex-
cepting hay, as much as do quack-
grass, wild onion, or wild mustard !;
nor is it as destructive to the grass
in pastures and meadows as are a
number of almost Insignificant little
weeds whose very existence is often
unsupported. When left to itself. how
ever, the thistle spreads rapidly, un-
til in few years it will more or less
completely occupy the land. rendering
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02

it unfit for farming purposes. The soil
upon which Canada thistles flourish is
apt to be of good natural fertility,
and it usually pays to reclaim thistle
infested fields.
The cause of the remarkable vital
ity of Canada thistle and the point
that distinguishes it from other prick
ly plants that are commonly mistaken
for it, is the long, cordlike, perennial
root. This root penetrates the soil
at a depth of eight to fifteen inches,
or more, and gives rise at frequent in
tervals to leafy shoots. Thus 1t will
often be found that an entire patch of
thistles is attached to one root, ana
is in reality but one plant. The root
is exceedingly hardy. and can live over
winter or through prolonged drought
in a dormant condition. Pieces that
are broken off by pillow or cultivator
and carried TO other places will await
a warm, moist period, and then begin
to send out leafy shoots, thus estab-
fishing a new patch. If the leafy
stems are cut down, others will be
sent up to take their place, and this
process may be repeated from two to
eight times before the root becomes
exhausted. In most localities the
Canada thistle does not produce many
good seeds, as the male and female
flowers are on separate plants, and
not all of the female flowers produce
viable seeds. Nevertheless, the seeds
are frequently hidden away in straw
and hay, and are sometimes present
in grass and clover seed and in seed
oats. AS each seed is equipped with
feathery plume, a small patch of
thistles may serve to infest a whole
neighborhood.
The point that must be kept in
mind, however, in fighting Canada
tnistles is that it is the roots. rather
than the tops. that must be killed.
Simply cutting off the tops a few
times has much the same effect as
pruning an apple tree. But if the
tops are cut OF deep and frequently,
the root must eventually suffocate
through lack of leaves. Bearing this
in mind, any Of the following meth
eds of eradication will be found eff
feetive:
l. Summer Fallow.-Most suitable
fer one-half acre or more of thorough
ly infested land, from which little rev.
enue could be expected anyway. Plow
deep in the fall, exposing tie roots to
the frost. Harrow in the spring to
kill seedlings of annual weeds. Let
the thistle grow until the first bios
SONS appear (about June II or until
there is danger of other weeds going
to seed. Pillow shallow and from Their
until frost use disk harrow otter
enough to prevent thistle leaves from
making over four inches of growth
Il the thistles get over six inches high
AZ S.y uime. all the previous work vii
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02

presence of a suffering female, he was
faced by three ruffians, who told him
to hand over his valuables. sydney
drew his sword. intent upon giving
battle, whereupon one of the robbers
fired a pistol at him, and he fell dead
Hearing the report of the pistol,
Anne scrambled up the wall until she
could see over it, and beheld her
cousin lying dead and his assailants
fleeing from the scene. She reported
the crime to the authorities, and dill
gent search was made for the murder
ers, with the result that three young
men soon were in custody. They were
Martin Glench, James Mackley and Jc-
seph Smith. They had a local reputa-
ton for wildness, but had never been
suspected or accused of crime. Anne
Fryer identified Clench and Mackiey
at once. She was absolutely positive
that they we're two of the murderers.
There couldn't be any mistake about II.
The young men appeared for trial in
due season, and Anne Fryer was the
chief witness against them. she was
&c nositive as ever in her identified
tion of the two. The whole case rested
unon her testimony, and che jury evil
IDENTIFY agreed With her that she
couldn't be mistaken, for Clench and
Mackley were convicted OF murder,
ana Smith was acquitted. The verdict
was somewhat surprising, because the
instructions of the court favored the
prisoners. The learned jurist pointed
ont that too much reliance should not
be placed upon the testimony Oh a
voung woman who must have been
wildly excited at the time OF the CRIME,
Mackley accepted his death sentence
with sullen resignation. as though ne
considered it a part of the days work;
hut Martin Clench, who was me-
intelligent young man, protested bit
terIv in omen court, saying that he was
M more a murderer than the Judge on
the bench.
Having been sent back to jail to
await the day Os execution, Cleneh ae-
voted most of his time to religious
study. and the mantle of Elijah de-
scsnded upon him. He began to make
nronhecies. He said that heaven
would not permit two innocent men 70
be executed without some sign that ali
men might understand.
mark my words" he was wont TO
say. there will be "a sign at the sai-
lows. proclaiming OR innocence
1-h,s idea became an ohsession with
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02
Good Results Win Alfalfa Flour.

Alfalfa flour is one of the new prod
ucts that are being prepared fer the
market. 1t is blended with wheat
-four, as the alfalfa protein does not
supply the necessary elasticity. The
unbleached flour gives to the food a
characteristic green color. The ad-
vantages are to be found in the lower
cost and greater food value.
The food classes have been working
with the flour and have had very sat
isfactory results, substituting alfalfa
for wheat -four In mullins, biscuit
bread and cake. There is slight
characteristic flavor that is objection
able to some people. but il most cases
it is a very satisfactory substitute
Charlotte E. Carpenter, Colorado Agrt-
cultural College, Fort Collins, Colo.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02
AirY perslfIane.

Irwin S. Cobb, who tells stories as
we'll as he writes them, breezed into
our Office the other day with new
one.
A girl from the mountain regions
of Kentucky went to dentist to have.
a tooth filled. After the dentist had
excavated the decayed molar he pro-
duced a tube connected with the com
pressed air tar@ and proceeded to.
clean out the cavity
Thinking that the operation might
be painful, he said to the girl:
Does that air hurt?"
THAT air what?" asked the girl
New York World.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02
STANcHI0NS FOR THE CALVES
Devices Contribute Largely to Less
Rapid Drinkins-Don't Worry
About His Neishbor.

Harmful results are frequently
brought on in young calves by their
drinking milk too rapidly and too
much at time.
Feeding small quantities and often,
which is the natural plan, is the way
to avoid trouble from this source.
Where several calves run together
stanchions for feeding may contribute
to less rapid drinking. for with stanch-
ions the calf is not worrying about
one Of its neighbors getting part OF
his mess and is thus encouraged to
drink more slowly.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02

work and washing for eleven and ! can
truthfully say Lydia E. Pinkham's Veg
etable Compound has been godsend
to me for would have been in my grave
today but for it. / would tell oil wo-
men suffering as was to try your valu-
able remedy. = Mrs. VIM. GREEN, 1892
S. Addison Street, Indianapolis, Indiana.
There is hardly neighborhood in this
country, wherein some woman has not
found health by using this good old
fashioned root and herb remedy.
If there is anything about which you
would like special advice, write to the
Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Co., Lynn,
Mass.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02

be undone. This applies to all meth
DDS. Follow during the second year
with a cultivated crop, giving It lit
tie extra cultivation and hoeing on In
dividuaI thisries.
2. Partial Fallow-(I For grain
fields or old meadows. Cut the crop
early for hay, if necessary, to prevent
thistIes from seeding. Allow thistles
to grow for four to six days, then
pillow, aid proceed as in for remain.
der of season.
(2) For cultivated ground-Allow
thistles to grow until first blossoms
appear. Pillow shallow. When thistles
are about three inches high disk thor
oughly and plant late smother crops,
as below.
3. Smother Crops.-Combination of
above. A good method on rich ground.
Cut grass early for hay as in 2 %
above. Pillow shallow four to six days
later. Leave for four to six days more
and disk thoroughly Then SOW
smother crop of buckwheat (four-fiftns
peck, rape broadcast six-eighths
pound), millet (three-fourths peck,
or fodder corn in check rows. After
the crop is off, keep thistles down by
disking until frost Hemp and alfalfa
are excellent smother crops in sec
lions where they are grown. Alfalfa
may be either spring or fall sowr.
according to custom, but the surface
of the ground must be clean and well
prepared before planting.
| A. Cultivated Crops.-Most gener-
ally useful method. Corn in check
rows best crop. Have ground clean
before planting. Equip cultivator with
nine-inch sweeps instead Of ordinary
shoes. Keep sweeps sharp and cult
vate frequently. Hoe the corn after
laying by, and cultivate the ground
after harvest with disk harrow until
frost. Repeat second year.
s. Hoeing and Cutting-Best fol
small patches. Stake out the patch
and visit regularly with sharp hos
or scythe at least twice a week.
8. Chemicals.-There is no chemical
that in reasonable quantities will XII
Canada thistles with one application
unless applied directly to the cut ro.t
For spraying, use sodium arsenite L
violent poison), two pounds in ten gal
Ions of water; common salt, on'
pound in one and half quarts of wa
ter; or crude carbolic acid, diluted
one-half If animals are sailed on ;
small patch of thistles, they will final
ly disappear. Frequent spraying o
the thistle with the above chemical
may be used instead of cutting il
rocky or other inconvenient places.
Z. Miscellaneous.-Sh Sheep will some
times Craze thistles to death if forces
to do so. Small patches of thistle
may be smothered by covering witt
overlapping strips Of tar paper o
building paper, weighing the lap
down with earth and leaving the pa
per on for eight to ten weeks durin
the summer. A coating of straw 0
manure one foot or more in depth wi
answer the same purpose.
More extended information on Car
ada thistle is contained in Farmers
Bulletin No 545, which may be ha
free of charge upon application to tn
Division of Publications, Department
of Agriculture.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02
SILo is SAFEST INVESTMENT
Shortage of Feed-SuppIements
Pastures in Summer.

A silo is the safest investment a
farmer who keeps stock can make. It
is a practical form of insurance
against shortage of feed at critical
time.
1t maintains the herd and flock II
better condition and more economical
" in winter and supplements pastures
during summer drought.
1t may also save a corn crop hit BY
an untimely most. for frosted corn car
be utilized in this way which woui'
otherwise be almost q total loss.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02
RED, ROUGH, PIMPLY SKIN
Quickly Cleared by cuticura Soap and
Ointment. Trial Free.

You may rely on these fragrant
your skin, scalp, hair and hands. Moth
ing better to clear the skin OF pimpless
blotches, redness and roughness, the
scalp of dandruff and itching and the
hands of chapping and soreness.
Free sample each by mail with Book
Address postcard. Cuticura, Dept. l.
Boston. Sold eYerywhere.-Adv.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02
Something Cheaper.

Mon. Ave an awfu' cauld," he said
plaintively. "Hae We a guild cure fur
it?"
81 have" said the man Of drugs
promptly. 4 know a sovereign rem
edy."
Sandy backed slowly toward the
shop door.
.Hoots ava, mon." he said again,
anxiously. Dye no. ken yin about
Observation-Disclosures Answers.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02
KANSAS DRUGGISTS ENDORSE
THIS KIDNEY MEDICINE

I have been selling DR.. kilmeTs >
Swamp-Root ever since it was introduced
in this city, and 1 can truthfully say that
it has produced nothing but perfectly
satisfied customers ever since have hand
ed it over my counters. All Of my patrons
say it is a remedy Of merit in kidney, liv-
er and bladder trouble, and l believe it
must be fine remedy else my customers
would not all claim that they were bene-
flied.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02

L. j. HAINES, Druggist,
Dec. 18th, 1915. Galena, Kansas.
Prove What Swamp-Root VIII Do For You

Send ten cents to DR.. Kilmer L Co.,
Binghamton, n. Y, for sample size bot
tie. 1t will convince anyone. You viii
also receive a booklet of valuable infor-
nation, telling about the kidneys and blad-
der When writing, be sure and mention
this paper Regular ffty-cent and one
dollar size bottles for sale at all drug.
stores.-Adv.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02

down that 1 could
not work. l was
thin, pale and weak,
W Gig h ed but 100
pounds and was in
b e d m ost of the
time. l began TAX
ing Lydia E. Pink
hams v ge t a bl Q
Compound and five
m o n tn 8 la ter /
weighed 1873 pounds.
r IN all the hni1ea-
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02
Love Finds = way.

But your fance has such small
salary; how are you going to liye?@
oh, we're going to economize-
We're going to do without such a lot
of things that Jack needs"
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02

A girls ideal young man is novel
hero who probably couldn't earn
enough in real life 70 feed a canary
bird.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02
imnnrtanf to Mothers
Beauty Fills the House.

Us she pretty?"
Pretty? Why, that girl is so
pretty that plenty of fellows are glad
to call on her father and mother. -
Pittsburgh Post.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02
WIFE TOO ILL
TO WORK
IN BED MOST OF TIME
Her Health Restored byLydia
E. Pinkham's Vegetable
Compound.

Indianapolis, Indiana. - my health
was so poor and my constitution so run
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02

FITS, EPILEPSY, FALLING SICKNESS
STOPPED 0uickly: Fifty years Of gniinteFTruptec
lasting results. LARGE TRIAL BOTTLE FREE. DIR.
KLINE COMPANY, Red Bank, N. J.-AdV
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1916-06-02

People naturally assume that a
handsome woman marries homely
man because he has lot of money.
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1916-12-02
Swiss Army Always Ready.

Endurance tests show that in time
of war the Swiss soldiers can com
mand" the highest Alpine passes and
the most difficult mountains with light
artillery. The infantry, the field artil-
lery and cavalry are recruited by the
cantons, but the engineers, guides,
sanitary and administrative troops, as
well as the army train. are enrolled
by the confederation. The cantons
furnish the uniforms and equipments,
for which they are, however. reim-
bursed by the federal government and
the latter supplies the arms directly.
A yearly inspection of armament and
equipment at which every soldier,
without exception, has to appear, pre-
vents any neglect in that line, as every
man keeps his uniform and rifle at
home. and when the mobilization or
der goes forth, the whole army is ready
for action within few hours. A regu-
lar salary is paid only to the 1nstruc'
tors, the general staff and few other
officials. The officers receive pay only
during the brief period they are called
upon for training. The common sol.
der, when on duty, has his travelling
and living expenses paid and receives
besides that a daily compensation OF
80 centimes, or 16 cents.
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1916-12-02
EACH ROCK TELLS OWN STORY
BY Putting All This Information To-
gether Uncle Sans Biologists
Learn How Earth Was Formed.

Every rock tells it's own story to
Uncle Sans biologists, who are con-
stantly at work studying the formation
of the ground in various parts of the
country In few places is the story
of the upbuilding of the earth's crust
so plainly and impressively told as
in the Grand Canyon of Arizona,
whose walls form great natural geo.
logical section, in which each layer of
rock is in its original position relative
to those above and below it.
AS a rule the geologist who would
decipher the records of the rocks must
get bit here and a bit there. He
may find the edges of some beds ex-
posed in a river bluff and others stick
ing out on a steep mountain side. He.
determines by fossils or other means
the order In which the beds. We're de-
posted, ard by putting all his infor-
nation together he constructs what he
calls the columnar section for the dis
trict in which he is working-that is,
n section showing the order, thickness
and character of the beds. Such q
section discloses the strata that form
the upper part of the earth's crust at
that place, just as slice of layer
cake shows at a glance the various
layers of which it is composed.
After n number of districts in a
region have been studied and their
general columnar sections determined.
the geologic history of the region can
be learned by comparing these sec
tons, just as the engineer who is drill
ing for low-grade copper ores COM
rares his drill records and thus learns
the outlines of the ore body. Such Il
comparison of the beds at one place
and another shows how certain beds
change in character and thickness
from place TO place or even thin out
and disappear. 1t enables the geolo-
gist to draw some conclusions as to
the former distribution of land and
sea, TO distinguish the deposits laid
down in deep water from those spread
by rivers over their flood plains. and
to reconstruct in Imagination the
course of events at time long be-
fore the beginning of the Grand Can
Won.
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1916-12-02
The "cuIIud Gemmen" Speaks.

A heavy shadow in the deep gloom
of the recess approaching the bar be-
came animated and presently strolled
out into the lobby wearing delegates
badge. He couldn't escape. A pad
and pencil backed by a reporter con
fronted him.
SIS you one o. dem writers dat pulls
dis cullud gemmen' stuff ev'y day in
de newspapahs?" grinned the dele
gate, evidently oyerjoyed at the pros
pect of an interview.
Sure" said the reporter. THAT'S
me. Pretty good-ehY"
well, sir, you are not the eorre-
spondent I'm looking for. If l am TO
be interviewed send one of your more
mature men, who elucidate the flank
movements of the old guard ana
analyze the effect of a great man $
dyspepsia on the vote of delegation.
Whereupon the shadow faded into
the deeper gloom of the Streets
Chicago Tribune.
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1916-12-02
Sharks Used as Food.

An unreasonable prejudice exists in
this country against the use of shark
like fishes (sharks, dogfsh, rays, etc)
as food. A recent memoir by Lewis
Radcliffe published by the United
States bureau of fisheries, points out
the flesh of various small species of
this class as palatable, when properly
prepared, and that this fact is better
appreciated abroad than In this .coun-
try.
In England and Wales, in 1913, there
were landed 64996 hundredweight of
dogfish, valued at 100000. 1t appears,
however, that good deal of shark
meat is eaten in the eastern United
States by people who think they are
eating something else. For example,
trap fishermen in the neighborhood of
Woods Hole, Mass, remove the head,
fins and tail from all the larger spe-
cies of shark Except the sand shark
caught in their traps, after which
treatment the body looks not unlike
swordfish.
1t is then shipped to Boston and
New York, where 1t is sold as deep
water swordfsh. The fishermen re-
ceive from three to eight cents a
pound for this class of food.
Shark fins are a great dainty, not
only in Japan and China, but also in
the West Indies and Bermuda, where
they appear on the menus of the best
hotels. ,t.
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1916-12-02
CITIES SAVING BABIES
Most of Larger Municipalities En-
gagged in Work.
MIX Inspection, Visiting Nurses and
Infant Welfare Stations Among
the Most Important
Features.

OF the 500 American cities with 49,
900 or more population, over two-thirds
have reported to Uncle Sans chill
dren's bureau that some kind of work
affecting the health of babies is carried
on by the municipality from public
funds, according to the tabular an
alysis of infant-welfare work by public
and private agencies in the United
States which has just been published
by the bureau. In 20 cities this work
is so highly organized that special
division devoted to child hygiene is in
cluded in the city health department.
Cities of every type are found among
those reporting special municipal
health work for babies. In general it
appears that municipal work is more
highly developed in large cities than in
small, and yet two cities with less than
100000 population-Duluth, Mimi, and
Montclair, N. J.,-are found among the
20 having a municipal division of child
hygiene. The others are Boston, Buff
falo, N. Y; Chicago, Cincinnati, Cleve-
land, o.; Detroit, Mich; Jersey City,
N. j.; Kansas City, Mo-; Los Angeles,
Cal; Milwaukee; Nashville, Tenn. !;
New York, Newark, N. j.; Philadel-
phia, Pittsburgh, Pa; Providence, X.
l. Seattle, Wash. Toledo, o.
Babies and mothers are helped by
the municipalities in various ways. 1t
is true that 255 cities report milk in
spection as the only municipal activity
directly affecting babies, but 100 mu-
inequalities employ a nurse to visit the
homes and teach the mother what to
do for her baby, and to help her when
the baby is sick. Special municipal
nurses are assigned in SO cities to the
care and instruction of prospective
mothers. In 60 cities infant-welfare
stations are maintained with doctors in
attendance, and mothers bring their
babies for weighing and examination
and advice about feeding and general
care. Many cities have both infant
welfare stations and visiting nurses.
Glasses for instructing older school
girls in infant hygiene are conducted
by A municipalities.
Many state departments of health
and extension divisions of state uni
versities also report extensive educa-
tional work in child hygiene, such as
lending exhibits, lantern slides and
films, distributing pamphlets and send
ing out lectures, maintaining regular
press service and conducting special
campaigns for complete birth registra-
ton. Kansas, New Jersey, New York
and Ohio have organized special divi-
sions of child hygiene within the state
departments of health. In Massachu-
sets infant-welfare work is a well-de-
fined feature of the work of the divi-
sion of hygiene.