davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1916-04-16
SEES DISHONOR
FROM WEAKNESS
Former Ambassador to Ger
many Says Duty Of U. S. Is to
Be Strong Enough to Speak.

Philadelphia. April lss-It Is the. duty
of the United States to be strong enough
TO ight. II need be. for the maintenance
OF international law. or remain weak and
be dishonorahiy silent.
This summarizes In brief the alterna-
tive David Jayne Hill. former Amoss-
sador to Germany. and a member OF the
permanent arbitration councils Of The
Hague Tribunal laid before the members
of the American Philosophical Society to-
day during discussion OF International
law In which John Bassetf Moore. former
Assistant Secretary Of State. and Charlie
unagre Tower, a former Ambassador to
Germany. were speakers.
ssafety Bae. an silence.
"If we are weak" said Mr.. Hill. "our
only safety lies in silence; but In a great
moment silence Is dishonorable. II we
would speak with effect we must be
strong"
'sTo be a great nation and at the same
time 70 refuse to assume a great nations
responsibilities. Is a reereant evasion of
duty" he said as he neared the end of
his address And as he finished those
words. he turned TO DR.. William w.
Keen, the president OF the society, and
said:
Il think ought not to apply this to
the United States since we have been
EpeaklQK aCauemlCd4iy mere DuL Il AccA
unless you rule me out of court can't
do my duty as a patriot unless I say
these words
Then he made this application:
As AppIid to U. ;.
Applying this doctrine to the United
States Of America, our influence for
peace and justice will be In proportion TO
our strength. II We are weak our only
safety lies In silence; but in a great
moment silence Is dishonorable. II we
could speak with effect we must be
strong. We do not require q great
standing army, for our people never win
endure a great fighting machine to kin
men, but we should be able IN case of
need promptly to place in the field an
army proportional to the nations ter
ritorial extent: for IT is that which we
may be called upon to defend.
"And above all, IL we are to be inhu-
ential among the nations and anyone is
decide to stand for it.. We should be
strong upon the sea; for II Is there that
the destinies OF the world are to be de-
termined-"
He proposed that nations that violate
International law should be outlawed.
international law Is our law. Who
ever breaks it breaks our law" was an
other statement OF the former Ambas-
pador that brought to mind President VIII
sons silence in face Of law violations by
the beIligerents.
The Washington herald., 1916-04-16
10 CONFER BEFORE ACTING.
L.nssns wni Notify Fereis. R~sa-
tfons Commftt~enen.

Senator Stone. chairman OF the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee. yesterday
afternoon stated that he had suggested
70 Secretary OF State Lansing that the
Foreign Relations Committee of both the
House and Senate be called into confer
ence before any drastic action is proposed
with regard to either Mexico or Germany.
: He said that Secretary Lansing told
him that he believed the suggestion to be
a very good one and one that ought to be
followed
.'Ths matter rests there.f' Senator
The Washington herald., 1916-04-16
czAR HoRRowLY EscAPEs.
Bomb Hurled frsm Aereplaa~ kiiIs
01cer Nearby.

Petrograd tvia London). April 1s,-czar
Nicholas last Wednesday had the narrow
est escape from injuries or death he has
ever experienced since the outbreak OF
the war.
A bomb hurled from an Austrian aero
plane aimed at the Russian Emperor who
Was reviewing troops in the little town OF
iwantz. on the Bessarabian frontier. fell
a few yards from where the monarch
stood, and wounded a young Russian pri-
gate standing guard.
The Washington herald., 1916-04-16
RUSS ATTACKS FAN.
Beriin Reports Ven Hi.sensars,.
Front Unhroken.

Berlin via Amsterdam. April l5.-Ffeld
Marshal Won Hindenburg's machine r,ir
front in Russia is withstandinx all on
siau8hts of the Russians, which have
been resumed during the last twenty-foul
hours.
Attacks against the German lines
around Dwinsk and the Narotcb Lake
were beaten, OF with bloody losses, to
the Russians. Attempts by the Cars
forces to advance In GaIicia had the same
result.
The Washington herald., 1916-04-16
Topeka PAPER for T. R.

Topeka. Kan, April 15s-The Topeka
State Journal. Taft supporter in 1872. in
an editorial, announces 1t will support
Col. Roosevelt for the Republican nomi-
nation for President
The Washington herald., 1916-04-16
Ambassador Page Sails.

Liverpool. April ik--Amons the Amers-
cans sailing for home today on the Amer
Page. United Slater Ambassador 70 Italy:
Mrs. Page. Theodore Msrcurs, former
United States Minister TO Belgium; Mr.
and Mrx Theodore Msrburg. 81. Of Lon
don and Baltimore. and J. Davidson. the
sculptor.
The Washington herald., 1916-04-16
u-BoAr CREW HoorED.
German Prisoners scern~d
Crowd. In French Port.

Crowds In French Port.
sFeeisi Cable TO The Washington Herald.
Paris, April if-6Delayed 1.-The men on
the German submarine. destroyed re-
Gently Ia French waters. were marched
through the streets of French channel
port Few days ago. They included two
orheers and about twenty sailors They
walked as II IL was to their execution
The crowds which watched them from
me curbs showed anything but sympathy
ior the German torpedoers. hooting and
treating them with scorn.
The Washington herald., 1916-04-16
Germans Take Danish Steamer.

Copenhagen. April f5.-The Danish
steamer Kssan. OF Ills tons. bound for
Liverpool. has been captured by q Ger
-asn submarine In the cattegat.
The Washington herald., 1916-04-16

stone said Il have not received any
word from the executive departments
but believe that such conferences xfsf
Be called IN due time
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-13
GUTENBERG MONUMENT AT FRANKFORT.

a caricature than of a humorous thrust
at national foibles.
There has not been enough direct
valentine trade between the United
States and Germany to make the inter
ruption due to the war of moment, but
the dislocation of the whole printing
and photographic trade has been impor
tant, and there have been without doubt
heavy losses to German manufacturers
and Inconvenience to American i'm
porters and manufacturers.
Importations of photographic stones
have ceased, and the raw material OBJ
tainabl for printing purposes has been
limited in quantity.
Most persons have supposed that the
inability to get chemicals and dyes
from Germany has related almost sole
ly to the textile industry. The actual
and has been especially felt by the diff
ferent branches of the printing indus
try. Quite recently 1t was explained
in The Star why the newspapers were
parti-colored, some being more yellow
ish than others. This was because GER
has manufacturing monopoly. could
not be obtained by the paper mills for
bleaching their stock.
Chemicals and dyes were not de-
clared contraband by England in the
numerous reversals of her previous po-
band Of war. There was no reason why
they should be. since the business was
one of export from an enemy country
to neutrals, instead of import from
neutrals to an enemy country.
Nevertheless, the orders in council
and the various other measures taken
to make international law suit the con-
yenience Of belligerents interfered
with the normal trade.
In the regular course OF export busi-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-13

of the German oil color printing ma
chimes print twelve colors at once. The
United States has imported some sec
ond-hand lithographic machines, but
American manufacturers have rather
more than held theft own in competi-
ton in chrome lithographins.
Like everything else in Germany,
there Is a progravure "kartel," or trust.
which controls the industry. 1t has
been applied to the domestic trade with
rather moro success than to foreign
business.
The Photographic industry has suf-
fered along with the affiliated indus
tries, and Dresden. which is a large
exporter of photo apparatus and card
board, has felt the Interruption to nor
NAL commerce About $4,000, 900 is in
vested in the German Photographic in
dustry, while considerable sums are
also invested in the subsidiary con-
Germs.
Berlin, before the war, had a very
profitable trade with the United States
in the expectation of photographic ma
terial as well as finished products, such
as fine calendars. Some Of the Ameri-
cans who were prominent In the Amer
lean Chamber of Commerce of Berlin
were engaged in this business. They
have tried to keep it going in spite of
the war, but they have experienced
many difficulties.
Nuremberg, which most visitors be-
cause Of its middle-age memories and
monuments. consider the most attract
tive city in Germany, is also feeling
the effect of the war on the printing
industries and numerous other affili-
ated industries
The possession Of photographic stones
has been one Of the means Of building
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-13
The War Spirit.
BRITISH diplomat was prais

A BRITISH diplomat was praising
~ the cheerful and devoted spirit
wherewith the women of Britain are
doing their share Of war work.
There Is a story that illustrates this
fine spirit" said he.
"A man asked his next door neighbor
In an English town:
Anybody i'll in your house? heard
a lot Of frantic running up and down
stairs last night. 1t seemed to go on
pretty much all evening"
Here, by the way. I'd better explain
that an English bus has a double deck
like the New York bus Of Broadway
and Of 9Th avenue.
'"The other man said In answer to his
friend:
"'oh, no. we've got nobody sick. It
was just my wife you heard. You see,
she's taken q Job as bus conductor and
last night she thought she'd have a bit
Of practice running up the steps.'"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-13
AUTOMATICALLY PRESSING SHIRT BosoMs.

requiring but brief attention. Then the
neckband is pressed. In pressing the
bosom, which is the next and probably
the most important operation, a special
machine is used. This is shaped SO
that 1t forms a body for the shirt, with
a circular piece around which the
neckband fits. The bosom is pressed
out smoothly by hand and a moment
after a plate of smooth metal, similar
in shape to the bosom, with a place for
the neckband, is pressed over it. A
heavy piece of apparatus, automatical-
ly heated, exerts great pressure for
the necessary time, and the bosom Of
the shirt is completely iroHed. No fric-
ton has been used, but the shirt bosom
is smooth and glossy.
before the shirt is fnished-the ironing
of body and sleeves. Later 1t is put
on a cardboard form and pinned, SO as
not to lose its shape.
Metal. steam-heated forms with ad-
Unstable heels and toes are used for
pressing hose. By means of these
metal forms. which give one the i'm
preston that q number of metallic
divers have just dived under the coun-
ter and left their feet waving. for help,
the shape of the hose is retained.
1t may be seen by the foregoing de-
scriptions of work on various sorts of
articles that each kind must receive
more or less different treatment, ac-
cording to it's material and form. The
operations cited are the most impor-
tant ones and other pieces of work un-
dergo similar treatment. with slight
changes here and there. perhaps.
All work is examined before it is
ready to be sent back to its owner.
Pieces found to have been improperly
shaped or otherwise failing to attain
the proper standard are returned and
done over. The completed work Is as
sorted by girls. 1t is no mean task
with thousands Of articles Of q similar
nature and thousands Of different ad-
dresses. Small compartments are used
for the different lots and in a COMPARE
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-13
THE BIG PRESS USED FOR "F-LAr WORK"

SO inclined. So the modern laundry
man, with his system. his facilities and
his machinery. has gradually been
making inroads upon the incomes of
washerwomen. OF course, there are
plenty of persons who have their laun-
dry done at home. and even some who
send their clothes to one of the big
plants for renovation request that they
be done by hand"
AS in many other idustries, machin-
erv has been one of the biggest factors
in the development of the laundry
business. Machinery has made posi-
BILE both cheapness and efficiency; also
the expeditions handling of large guam
titles of work. This last is particularly
necessary, especially where the laun-
dry caters to restaurants and hotels,
these institutions often having enor-
nous quantities Of table linen which
must be washed between meals. With
out the aid of machinery the modern
laundryman would be lost" 1t is con-
sidered extremely doubtful whether the
great industry could ever have as
sumed its present proportions without
machinery. even under the most ef-
fcient management and methods.
Enormous quantities of materials are
used, particularly of water. the first
requisite Of the launderer. Washing
Water ia ene apna 10 ., the
ships New York. Arkansas. Pennsyi-
vania and Texas, as well as the Presi-
dents yacht Mayfower. and the gov
eminent yachts Aileen. Dorothea. Eagle,
Elfrida. Hawk. Gloucester, Huntress.
Oneida. Scorpion. Stranger. Sylph.
Sylvia, Vixen, Wasp and Yankton. Then
there would be more than 100000 gal
Ions to spare. The ships named have
a total displacement Of 120.S76 tons.
Washington's largest laundry uses A.
$4,000 cubic feet of water yearly. or,
figured in weight. 123.s05 Tong tons.
The two next largest laundries use
2.196.000 and 1.SS3.0O0 cubic feet Of
water. respectively. Amounts paid by
these iaundries in water tax totals no
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-13

up business in lithographic products,
including post cards. When the Payne
Aldrich tariff law was passed the post
card manufacturers Of Nuremberg and
of other places in Germany complain
ed bitterly that 1t would compel the
transfer OF their industry to the
United states. That was the purpose Of
Nevertheless. the German post card in
dustry Was not destroyed, or else it re-
vived after the Underwood tariff law,
with its lower rates, went into effect.
for Nuremberg continued to export
colored post cards to the United States
It also sent considerable Quantities Of
photographic prints and decalcomantas
and some decalcomania paper. But it
was beginning to feel foreign compe-
tition. and particularly the competition
of the United States In chrome-litho-
graphs before the war interrupted the
business.
Nuremberg and its sister city of
Fuerth have been especially noted for
the production OF bronze powders In
some years they have sent $1,000, 900
and upward of these products to the
United States. There are fifty factories
engaged in different forms of this in
dustry, the cheap water power being
the source Of it.
The raw material of these beautiful
bronze powders is copper and zinc for
the better grades, and metal scraps
for the poorer ones.
The United States got gold leaf. tin
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-13
The Cost.

E X-CHAIRMAN WALSH of the indus.
u trial relations commission, discuss.
ing the New Haven acquittals. said with
a laugh:
. Some people thought the day had
come when a crooked million would cost
the crook dear. But l. for my part,
never thought so.
mo. sir; the day has not yet come
when the crooked millionaire will ind
himself in the position of the humble
ex-jailbird.
This humble ex-jailbtrd. invited ona
night to have an eleventh or twelfth
beer, pulled out a big watch to see II
he had time.
Holy smoke! said his host. Holy
smoke. you've got q watch! What did
1t cost your
mine months the ex-jailbird an
swered, simply"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-13

quantity as in the past. Two war Christi
masses have come and gone and Ameri.
can children have been supplied with
toys of home manufacture in much
larger degree than formerly. although
the German supply was not shut OF
entirely.
The same statement applies to the
glass ornaments for Christmas trees
which were made in the Thuringian
mountains, and to some of the Thurin-
gian dolls.
German mechanical dolls have been
initiated in the United States with some
success. 1t is not likely, however, that
the toys of the Hartz mountaineerB
will ever be successfully initiated in
the United States or in other coun-
tries. This is because they are hand
made and not machine made. and are
the product of people who. not simply
for generations. but for centuries. have
been engaged in this cottage industry.
Nuremberg Is also the center of the
woodworking industry, and the tool
have a world-fame. This has suffered
interruption so far as foreign trade 10
concerned on account of the war, but
it has not been depressed. since it has
been transformed into a war munitions
industry. When hostilities are ended
the Bavarian woodworking industry Is
likely to resume its former place as
an element in the trade with other
countries.
When the war is over and Americans
who know Nuremberg make their an
nual pilgrimage to it they may find
that some of the branches of the lith-
ographic and printing industry are re-
covering slowly, but the medieval city
itself will not have lost any of the at
fractions Of which Longfellow wrote.
and which other literary craftsmen
have vainly tried to describe. Nurem-
berg has charm of its own, and tho
charm is the genuine flavor of the mid
die ages preserved in the midst of mod.
ern Industrial activity.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-13

MO Small Task to Keep Spick and Span
l Y the Linen of a City Machinery
Plays Large Part, but the Human Element
Is an Important Factor Mountains of Soap
and Starch, Oceans of Water-How the
Modern Laundryman Has Displaced the
Washerwoman - Marking and Sorting
Linen for Distribution-The Methods of
Washing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-13

tn you ever have trouble with
your necktie sticking in your
~ collar. Mr.. Man?
- Possibly 1t Is due to the silk
threads In the tie. but then. again, it
may be due to the sort of finish your
laundry has given. or failed to give. or
to the fact that corn starch rather
than wheat starch was used in obtain
ing that finish. Many laundrymen of
Washington claim that wheat starch is
far superior to corn starch, but mas
much rs starch from wheat costs about
twice as much as that obtained from
corn. both kinds have their own distinct
claims for popularity.
This proposition of so laundering COL
lars that neckties will slip through
them easily. and thereby minimize the
number Of tempers lost in Washington
each morning at dressing time" is
but one Of many problems faced by one
Of the city's largest industries. Com
mercial laundry plants. OF ever increas-
ing size. have existed in Washington
for many years. are still increasing and
give promise OF even more increase.
Two reasons are probably most pre-
dominant in the development OF the
laundry industry. not only in Washing
ton. but In other large cities. First.
that this age is one of specialization.
and. second. that modern conditions
frequently prevent laundering being
done 1t home. Persons living in apart
ments or in houses in sections where
space 10 At q premium have poor facil-
tiles In many instances for having the
: laundry done at home. even II they feel
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-13

hand and the human head must be be-
hind them to see that they work in the
right manner.
Mountains of soap and starch are
used by the laundries of Washington
in year. But the successful laundr.-
man is the one who is watching his lii
tie expenses: seeing that the gas bur
ers are not too high within the irons
and the rollers, and that energies,
either mechanical or human. are not
wasted.
1t is mammoth work. that of keep
Ing WaShington's linen "spick and
span." Further, that work of sending
soiled linen over the wet. soapy route
back to the point of cleanliness is an
ever-growing one, and the route Is be-
coming heavier with traffic each
year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-13

insignificant sum, the largest alone
paying more than $1,000.
Soap and starch are likewise used in
large quantities. 1t may be noted that
the popular form Of soap is powder.
being furnished by the barrel. This
is not dumped into the washing ma
chimes. as might commonly be sup
posed. but is first put into liquid form
dumped into the washing machines
without this precaution 1t would not
mix 80 easily.
Then take the little buttons used to
hold the neckband of shirts together.
and the little buttons used on outing
shirts. Both of these kinds of buttons
are bought 100 boxes at q time. each
box containing 100 buttons. Even
that man who is continually losing his
collar buttons under the bureau-the
one the humorists are forever describ-
ing-could be kept for a considerable
time with such a supply.
Obviously the number of persons en-
ployed in the laundry industry in the
District must be large, although it
would be difficult to estimate to the
exact number. Beyond doubt, however.
it would make no small sized aggrega-
ton IL all were brought together in
one place. for. despite the wide use Of
machinery, the human hand is neces-
sary In score or more of places and
operations.
Monday Is the easiest day in the cal
endar OF the commercial laundry, de-
spite the fact that Monday. has been
the wash day" from time immemo rial.
The reason is a simple one. Every ef-
fort is made to return laundry to its
owners by Saturday night This leaves
Httie or nothing to be done Monday
until the wagons return with soiled
clothes. Some are brought back early
IN the day. but it Is not until late
Monday or early Tuesday that the soil
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-13

foil. goldbeaters' molds, metal leaf and
coated paper from the Nuremberg dis
trict. as well as bronze metal clip
pings 1t also took considerable guam
titles Of what Is known as leonic ware,
that Is, tinsel ornaments, braids. tas-
sells. and silver and gilt copper wire
threads This trade has been serious
ly interrupted by the war, but Ameri
get along. Before the hostilities open
ed they were already making aluminium
bronze on their own account and were
not dependent on Nuremberg.
The raw material for this class of
Nuremberg industries was commander
ed by the government, which for war
purposes laid an embargo on the cop
per and zinc used in the manufacture
Of the bronze powders as we'll as col
ors, including the powders themselves.
The quantity of copper used. however.
was not SO great as to make it i'm
portant as source Of war munitions
to the government, and II there were
an export trade to be had the Nurem-
berg Industries would be able to OBJ
tain whatever they needed.
The metal toy trade Of the world is
centered at Nuremberg. and this bust
ness has been more or less affected
employees. In some years the exports
to the United States from the Nurem-
berg consular district. which comprises
practically n al y oo Of an northern Bavaria
X
American manufacturers, when the
war broke out, saw that there would
be interruption with the German source
Of supply for toys. and they set them
selves to making many Of the favorites
Of which Nuremberg previously had a
monopoly. 1t is not likely now that
the United States will depend on
Bavaria for these toys, at least in such