The sun., 1916-12-24
FREEZE MIXTURES
THAT DAMAGE CAR
Motorists Should Avoid Using
Impure Calcium Chloride
and Soluble Salts.

1T was only . few weeks ago that I
publicly urked all motorists to prepare
their cars for the advent of zero wealth.
err" a y Max Hagelstine. service mana
ger Of the Studebaker Corporation. II
gave them specific directions for the
preparation Of an anti-freese mixture
that would guard against the freezing Of
the water In the cooling system OF their
cars.
"while II IL true that some motorists
made adequate preparations for the cold
weather, II IL also true that a great
many owners woke up the other morning
and found that Jack Frost had got In
his work: that the radiator was dam
aged and the cylinders were cracked.
And to my way Of thinking cracked
cylinders and split radiator tubes cost
o lot more than alcohol or glycerine.
"1t Ia not always the a who has
his hrst machine that k caught nap
ping. Experienced motorists are not
infallibie, and II Is that class Of owners
who never cross a bridge until they
CONT to II that bring business to tho
concerns who repair radiators and those
makers who supply spare parts.
"Whiie the most easily prepared solu-
ton Is, perhaps. the calcium chloride. II
Is absolutely the wrong anti-free1e mix
ture to use. A number Of cars nave re-
Gently been brought Into the Studebaker
service station for repairs which pom
Investigation showed that calcium chlo-
ride had apparently been used In the
radiator. Unless one can secure the
chemically pure form calcium chloride
is q mighty dangerous solution to use.
The commercial calcium chloride com
monty cold for IN anti-freeze mixture Is
highly injurious. because Of the action
~ ~. nnn.nNnAnNa ~ tina NaaltnO SvG-
TEN. Such alkaline solutions are pro-
ductive Of an electrical action wherever
two dissimilar metals are utilized. such
az the brass tubing Of q radiator and the
solder used at the joints. the iron water
Jackets and tho brass or copper plates.
&c. And. toe. ] strongly advise against
the use Of all soluble salts. because OF
their harmful action on the metal.
"ln addition to damaging the radiator
the use Of calcium chloride may work
havoc with the cylinders. the pump and
the inlet and outlet water pipes. The
owner usually has to buy a new radi-
service again. besides having to stand
the cost for the labor OF replacing with
the new. And the expense does not al
ways end with this work.
"A summary OF the opinions OF motor
car manufacturers as to the value OF
various anti.freeze solutions shows q
decided preference for denatured alcohol
and giycerine. The proportions for tn,
use Of the alcohol depend upon the tenn
perature. II will require "A 5 per cent
solution OF alcohol to prevent freezing
nj e5 degrees. and a % per cent. soiu'
ton will take care OF the water system
down to zero. As low as 10 below tn,
solution should I've so per cent. and 4
tho mercury happens to drop to Is de
grees below the percentage will be 3,
per cent. Of alcohol. whereas 10 more
degrees below will require a 40 per cent
solution.
alcohol has ono undesirable feature
however, and that Is It's evaporating pro
clivit!es. But II you will a the trouble
to add a small not 81 glycerine u
the alcohol as you prepare II for TIL
radiator you will greatly reduce TIN
evaporation rate. Regarding the glycer
Inc, the u~nbleached variety. which ma.
be procured at practically any drug store
Is cheapest I'M best"