davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

mighty firm through humble industrial
and commercial beginnings
Bremen may be said to be the birth
place of the Barring financiers. for it
was there that the sons of the pastor
of the German Lutheran Church were
born. Their origin was Dutch rather
than German. yet their history always
is traced back to Bremen.
The German pastor son, John Bar
ing. followed in the wake of William
of Orange to England and set up as
cloth manufacturer in Devonshire. His
son. Francis Barring. became a mer-
chant; then. as manager OF the East
India Company. the prince of mer-
chants. until. in the latter part of the
eighteenth century. he esta blished him
self as great financier by virtue OF
his position as manager of the Bank
of England.
Alexander Barring. the son. was the
member of the family who came to the
United States in the revolutionary pc
riod and made large sum of money
out of land speculation. 1t was. how
ever. through his marriage into the
Bingham family of Philadelphia that
the enormous land holdings were &C
the family. Alexander Barring became
the financial agent of the United states
in England,
After Waterloo. when the French
negotiated what was known as the
French loan of 1918 in conjunction
with the Rothschilds This was said
to be a triumph of financial diplomacy
and enhanced the influence of the house
of Barring. AS Baron Ashburton. which
was the title he assumed on entering
the peerage, Alexander Barring con-
tinued his career as financial dipio-
mat, but the active work was passed
on to younger members of the family.
and it was through them that Can
nngs trade policy in South America.
which was to obtain the commerce
that had formerly been held by Spain.
received much of the financial support
that made 1t successful Originally the
South American investments OF the
Barings were modest. but they grew
very rapidly.
The present generation has known
the Earrings more as proconsuls and
diplomats in Egypt and India than as
International f1nanciers.
The London Rothschilds in their
South American investments may have
had some arrangement with the con-
tinental Rothschilds, but if so it was
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09
nee and STRUGGLE for Trade After the War

British financial influence
IN the near east anu ~ou,a T ss ~
lin. the british statesmen who favored
the project turned to Sir Ernest Cassel-
some proEress mao peen maae u, .ns
the politics Of the near east checked
them. Then came the war.
-
After the war, whatever may become
of Turkey. British policy In the near
east will require a strong financial in
stitution. 1t Is purely speculative
question. but one which, nevertheless
is full of interest whether the British
Min .yo,n ,,rr 70 Sir Err
nest Cassel Inc present mooo "' '"e
English people would seem to indicate
that ~ will not for he. like Sir Edgar
a, ..,h, o.. ,o,,. 70
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

the British stockholders.
There is an anti-German league in
England which has carried on a relent-
less war against German-born finan-
ciers who have become influential in
public affairs and In finance. The league
demanded that Sir Edgar Speyer be de-
prived Of his position as a member of
the privy council. British law. how.
ever. indicated itself in the midst of
war passions by holding that there
was no distinction between an English
man born and a naturalized British
subject so that the privy council
could not be deprived of any of it's
members merely because they were
naturalized.
The London house of Speyer. like the
Rothschild house, originated in Frank
fort-on- the Main. Edgar Speyer became
something of a power in British public
affairs, and was knighted by the liberal
government. Notwithstanding the close
association of the firm with the liberal
ministry Sir Edgar Speyer found the
situation so unpleasant that he came
to the United States.
A born Englishman, who. partly be-
cause of his name and partly because
of his oficial residence at Frankfort
on-the- Main, became the subject of
much disagreeable comment. is Sir
Francis Oppenheim. He is not himself
a fnancier, but he is one of the leading
authorities on German finance. AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

an experiment. l asked him TO write
it again and interrupted him in the
middle of the process. He did not start
where he had left on. but began at
the front again. This grown man, then
ruling most of Mexico, was like child
in the kindergarten.)
Already | have sent many boys to
school in your country-to military
schools for | may need them IS SOL
diers yet. | am following the purpose
of Francisco Madero. the martyr OF
Mexico And when this work is done
! will retire to my home in Chihuahua
City and leave Mexico to its people
That is the life of Francisco Villa l.
have been shot four times-not in these
wars, hut when a fugitive in the hills.
A Svilla's own story was opened with
~ an editorial note by the writer.
il might be fair to close with one, In
view of the rapid changes since this
story was told by Villa. He is not to-
day the conqueror of Mexico, but is
hunted by the armies of the United
States and Mexico, for he turned
against Americans when Carranza was
recognized. / have it on high authority
that he was promised Carranza would
never be recognized by the United
States. and that it was at Aqua Prieta
he determined to pursue his present
course against Americans.
Villa moved his then fading force
north to attack an inferior force of
Carranzistas at Aqua Prieta; he knew
they could not get reinforcements
through Mexico in time to do any good.
As he marched into battle. he heard
for the fret time that the United states
had permitted Carranza to rush RELIEF
troops through this country. and villa
had to retire to his hills. 1t was then
he began his campaign of pillage and
murder.
This ia in no way a brief for the MUIR
derer. The facts are simply related
to show his motive in his attack on
sleeping towns. 1t is the Anal KICK OF
a proud man. beaten and returning 10
the animal again.
fconvr,sbt. 1916. BY the Wheeler Syndicate. Inc.D
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09
cE OF ANGLO-GERMAN FINANCIERS.

that had fought against the fedefais
in the Madero revolution. Huerta in
troduced me to the troops as Gen villa
and made quite speech. We were all
a Jiminez, when l was sent OF on a
side expedition at the order OF Gen:
Huerta. When | came back l found
my blooded mare gone.
Where is my horse? | asked one
of my soldiers. who had remained be-
hind.
Col Mas has it, he replied.
Mas at that time was a colonel in
the federal army. and later became
general in command at Saitillo, which
is the capital of the state of Coahuila.
| found out he wanted the mare for
Huerta. who thought he could steal
anything he liked from us volunteers.
I went and got my horse. and, when
they sent for it. replied;
IF you want this caballo come and
take it from me-
l was made a prisoner, and Huerta
ordered ! should be executed the next
morning for characterization. Col.
OHoran and Col. Navarette saved my
life, for Col. O'Horan delayed the
transmission OF the order until he could
get word to Mexico City to Francisco
Madero.
They kept me locked in an adobe
hut for prison all night under heavy
guard. and l expected to be killed in
the morning. At midnight they re-
doubled the guard. because they did
not want to take any chances with
Pancho Villa. Much to my surprise,
was not taken out to be executed at
daylight, but the firing squad delayed
until 9 o'clock in the morning before
they called for me.
have learned since Col. O'Heran
could not delay any longer. for Huerta
had threatened to have him shot II he
did ] thought my time had como
when the firing squad took me out of
the hut which had been my prison.
with my hands tied behind me and my
eyes blindfolded. They had actually
backed me against a wall in Jiminez
and the firing squad was getting ready
to finish Pancho Villa when word came
from Mexico City to send me there to
see President Madero
Huerta raved and cursed. and, l I'M
derstand. threatened to shoot me any
way and declare the telegram from
President Madero had come too late.
But his officers forced him to obey the
orders of the president and he began
his days drinking of brandy. Then he
forgot for the time. Huerta was
fercest in the morning before he had
had his first drink OF brandy
In Mexico City l was locked up. and
had not been there long when l was
approached by agents Of Gen. Reyes.
These nut as ;s told me they could get
Reyes and Huerta / have learned
since Reyes wanted to promise my
support to Huerta. When this mes
sage was brought me l became suspi-
ing against the government. 30 de-
cided to escape. and at once. Manana
has never been my watchword. and
, went to work to break loose imms.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

no money and my followers mao scat
tered. l went to Ell Paso. across the
American border, and began to make
my plans again. l had no guns, no
horses and no cartridges then. But
had thought buried in my near TO
beat the man who had murderer fran
cisco Madero.
In Ell Paso | began hiring horses at
a livery stable there every day to take
a ride. although I had done so much
riding in my life that it was no pleas
myself alone, and then l got two or
three of my companions with me.
First, only one accompanied me, and
then two and then three. Each dav l
paid the owner of the livery stable,
getting the money in some way. but
getting it.
Finally, he trusted me so much he let
me have seven horses one day, and.
with seven picked followers, l crossed
the Rio Grande. never to come back
Juarez. That expedition started with
seven men, seven horses and forty
seven cartridges. I have since paid
the owner of the livery stable well for
the horses that started me.
Those days in the hills were hard and
food was short. but my friends and
followers kept US from starving, even
some Americans bringing food across
the boundary to us. Mrs. Del Campo,
an American woman living in Ell Paso
and now at the head of my Red Cross
in Mexico. brought food and supplies
to us where we were hiding In the
hills across the border
First. Pancho villa had seven men.
Then he had hundred Next fve
hundred. and he dared attack towns.
The people of northern Mexico, my
people. began flocking to me, and my
army was on it's way We took Chi
huahua City, and we took Juarez. Car
rama. who had held out against the
Huerta government, Joined me. Pancho
Villa has never yet been defeated, and
the mistake 1 made was in trusting a
man who wore whiskers like Carran-
za's More men flocked to me than !
could arm.
Throughout Villas story it was evil
dent that to him the most distasteful
feature about Carranza was his whisk-
ers. 1t was these to which Villa always
referred In tones of disgust. At that
time villa had never been defeated in
never won battle since my trip with
him. Gen. Raoul Madero. with villa
at this time. has come to New York
since. He has told me that villa often
mentioned the fact he had never won
after telling me this story Of his life.)
If | caught Carranxa now. I would not
kill him. l would shave him, which
would be greater punishment, but he
won't be caught, because he stays too
far from where bullets fly. If he was
shaved I would show his weak chin.
After taking Juarez my biggest bat
tie was at Torreon. where we fought
the federals for four days and won
Pancho Villa always wins. After that
it was easy until this break with Car
rama, and we will win this war, too
and then l will retire to my house in
Chihuahua City and leave Mexico to its
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09
SIR ERNEST CAssEI, FRIEND BRITISH ROYALTY.
Copyright EngandJ

made half a century ago, when there
was no German empire. Students of
European diplomacy, however. may
also recall that it was Beaconsfield
who shaped British policy 30 that Eng
land became the protector of the Turk
as buffer against Russia.
Travelling afield from the historic
British financial houses of German
origin, who have become SO thoroughly
English as to be free from the sus-
picion that present-day members are
not loyal Britons, the modern German
financiers in England have had very
unpleasant experience.
One important banking firm. which
is second only to the Rothschilds and
the Earrings in its South American in
terests, has been practically ostracized
and has suffered some sort of govern
ment Reproduction because of its 1nnu-
ence in international exchange.
In view of it's experience the attitude
of this house whenever the war ends.
may be little uncertain. 1t controlled
one of the most profitable railways in
South America. and the British in
vestors who placed their money through
1t. and who drew per cent dividends.
while investors through other financial
houses were receiving only per cent.
and sometimes nothing, may not be so
willing to carry on financial warfare
against German financial ability. The
same banking firm financed Cuban rail-
ways which have been very profitable to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

people, for | do not want to be presi-
dent Perhaps, then, l will also make
a trip around the world.
Maybe l will be killed before the war
is over, for Pancho villa does not take
any care of himself. He never sleeps
now, for the old ways of the nils sun
stick to him, and he has his bodyguard,
which is true.
tBy his bodyguard. Villa meant Ro-
dolfo Fierro, who was known as the
butcher, because he did Viilas kilitng
and delighted in the job. Flerro, IKE
most of the followers of villa rs now
comparatively peaceful death for Mex
leo He was kicked by his horse while
swimming stream and drowned, anu
the strange part about 1t Is that there
Is hardly water enough IN all MeAieo
to drown rat)
NV soldiers fight for me because l lead
them and do not ride in the rear in an
ambulance as do some generals. l always
wake up early and go to bed early, for
the old habits of the hills still stick with
me. l arrived in Zacatecas early one
morning and before any of my staff was
awake I rose and went out alone through
the streets. One of my staff officers woke
I'D and missed me. He called the others
me talking to a poor peon and eating
some tortillas and frijoles.
you must be careful, my general they
warned. -..,s
II was at Zacatecas had one Of my
hardest fights with the federals. Car
rama, even then. after had won ms
victories for him. was trying to displacs
me, and he sent another general to en-
gage in that battle, and let him go, for
I knew what dogs the others We're He
was being defeated when Carranza called
on me. and l won by what mas Deen
the federals into a canyon and large
part of my army was in ambush. the
federals were cut to pieces In the trap.
In my army the of1cers must lead.
cowardice in battle private soldier
can accuse him. and / will give hear
ing If 1 find the soldier is lying he Is
shot, for don't want any liars
When 1 wish to take certain position
in battle l ask the oficer who is to have
charge of the attack on the position how
many men he needs. Then l give him
as many as he asks for within reason
And my orders are
Don't come back II you don't take it."
On this system l win my battles. II
an Officer says such a position cannot
be taken, l take 1t myself and then shoot
him for cowardice and lying to me-
When this war is over. I have great
hopes for Mexico. First. l want to d.
vide the land SO that every peon can
have his own plot and will not be
slave to the cientifcos. and then l want
schools. My whole education was gath
cred in the mountains Of Durango and
chihuahua. I only learned to write my
name less than year ago. See!
(Villa proudly scrawled his name
Francisco villa. He doesn't wear any
middle one. l made 10 ms mind to try
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

America are the Rothschilds and the
Earrings The London house of the
Rothschilds has financed Chile and
Brazil
Until the Argentine panic quarter
of century ago nearly precipitated
world panic the Barings were the
financial mainstay of the Argentine
republic Their liberality carried the
country forward too fast, but the as
sistance of the Bank of England and
of the other big London banks saved
the situation. Since then the Earrings
have not had the Argentine field so
much to themselves. but they nave.
nevertheless continued a very strong
financial influence.
The Earrings antedate the Roths-
childs entrance into English finance
by more than century. The history
of the house is that of the rise OF a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

the Economic Alliances Formed When
Predicted Field Battle for Commerce-lhe
Contnhe Development
Great European Financial Bangs London House
of Spever
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

in that trip north. ! did not travel as
| do now Villa looked proudly
around at the private car with his
name gilded on the side.)
suppose you have heard how
started this revolution, after Huerta
had murdered Madero. After my es-
cape | tried to warn Francisco Madero,
the martyr of Mexico. that there was
a plot against him, but he believed in
everybody With Madero's murder and
Huerta in control, L was out, for 1 had
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

djately and return to nv followers in
the north.
Through Carlos Jauregui, Young
bribed the jailer to neglect me. and !
slipped out in the night and started
north That was hard trip. for l
must make my way through the sec
tion controlled by Huerta, but l knew
the roads and the trails of Mexico, and
once more my great energy and cum
ming saved me. There was no luxury
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09


BY FRANCISCO VILLA.
PART H.
E7HE happiest days OF my life
have been since Joined the
III revolution of Francisco Madero.
q because then ] was fighting for
cause / had always hoped in my
thoughts to be able to battle for some
day. 1t was the cause of the poor
poems of Mexicans. and Francisco Ma
dero is still my leader, though dead by
an assassin.
1t is history how | joined the revolu-
tion of Madero. coming down from the
mountains with my band which had
been gathering. and it was really the
first time since / was sixteen that 1
was not hunted by all the government
with a price on my head. They say
Mexicans cannot be trusted. / roved
over northern Mexico for years and in
my mountains with a price on my head
and every man l met knew 1t, yet the
poor people did not harm me. for they
knew Pancho villa was their friend and
would always be their friend. They
know it yet. See. sit here in the win
dow Of this car where any assassin
could shoot me. but l am not afraid
I have faced death too often. / will
die when my time comes.
They gave me credit for shreWdnes5
the FIRST time l took JuareZ when I
had my army recruited. 1t was not
shrewdness, but IL was a trick of the
hills. and a man must learn many
tricks il he is to live while he is
hunted for years. The federals were
easy to beat in that Madero revolu-
ton for they were lazy and not brave.
Neither did they have their hearts in
their work. Many OF them wanted to
win.
l met a federal band coming to re-
inforcs the garrison in the border
town. We held up the train and cap
tured and killed the entire party. Then
we took charge OF the telegraph wires
and began TO send in messages to the
commandment of the Juarez garrison.
We are our way. Have not seen
the enemy" was the first dispatch that
| ordered sent over the wire. and
aligned the name OF the federal COM
mander who was my prisoner.
Will arrive with troops at to-
night" ] ordered the telegraph oper-
ator to send later. again signing the
name OF the captured commander.
As we approached Juarez, ! had my
men ready for battle. but it was no
necessary. The stupid federals sus
pected nothing. and we drove our trooI
trains right into the town. Even as my
picious until we ran down the mali
street and attacked all federal soldiers
The surprise was SO complete not
shot went across the American border
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

and the battle was over in half an hour
and the town was quiet.
The only American hurt was motor
car driver whose machine was stand,
ing in the road as my soldiers charged
some federals who tired 10 make
stand. This American did not know we
were attacking the town ana was stiil
sitting in his machine.
This attack was during the Huerta
revolution. and ! adopted plan then
which has since worked out well !
ordered all the federal officers shot ana
took into my army the prlVates VINO
cared to join my cause, without penalty:
This report soon spread. and II resulted
well in my future battles. The oftlcers
never fought against me very marc,
being ready to run when things looked
tough, for they knew if they were
captured they would be killed, and the
private soldiers were willing TO sur
render and join me. ] have always FED
my men well and taken good care OF
them.
They have called me a. killer. but
have never fought as have other rev
dictionary leaders, nor have kiled
where it was not necessity OF sell
preservation. Neither have ] ever re
sorted to tricks such as Orozco OF the
Red Flaggers, my worst enemy. used.
Once he was in a battle near JimiheI
along the railroad track with some
federals. He needed time for his artil-
lery to come up, so he took locomo-
tive and fastened two white rags TO
the front of it and sent II down the
track toward the federals. The enemy
had train full of troops moving UP
the same track, and, seeing the locomo-
tive coming down with the white flag
flying, the commander thought ii was
a truce party. The troop train Duffed
on toward the engine. | would have
known. for ! knew Orozco. the murder
err of the hills.
Too late the federals saw the putting
locomotive was not going to stop 1t
crashed into the troop train and sent
most of it to destruction. for the speed
ing locomotive had been filled with
dynamite. and the two white truce flags
were disguise. The Red FIaggers
had started 1t off down the track and
then the driver had leaped off the run
ming board before the locomotive gath
cred too much speed. That was the
way Orozco fought. He was a killer
| only kill to save lives-as when
shot the officers.
had not been in the Madero revoIu-
ton long before HCerta showed hi.
hand. After Francisco Madero had wor
his night and had become president II
Mexico CITY, Huerta. then fedora
general. was sent north to put dowI
the Orozco revolution. and l was at
tached to his command.
When j was with Huerta l had one
of my narrowest escapes from death
for 1 was actually backed up agains
the adobe wall in front of a frinf
squad when relief came The trouble
, all arose over a blooded mare that be
: longed to me and which Huerta like'
and wanted for his own.
There was trouble at that time be
tween the federal regular soldiers an
the volunteers, for the volunteers II
, the army were mostly reyoluttonist
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09
By FRANCISCO VILLA.

CONTINUED FROM LAST SUNDAYS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

PART II.
EIHE happiest days Of my life
have been since l Joined the
revolution of Francisco Madero.
q because then ] was fighting for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

& 01GH finance, it has been said.
I'LL has no animosities. And in
Ir ternational banking is as
& q sunned to be without national