davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1916-01-03

There, lt m1&ht Do ao0eos Ino touuenCy
Is strongly toward the chain store.
either co-operatively or privately
owned.
Many chain stores are known n
price cutters, marking down standard
merchandise in or
Now Yrou,, der to kill compe-
tition. This prac-
as Price Cutters. tice is the basis Of
most of the objections to chain stores,
as it IL considered an unfair sort OF
competition by other retailers and Is
practice of doubtful economic erect.
The chain stores enjoy further ad-
vantage in that they may exploit spe-
cial brands of goods of their own and
create a market for them. Then they
may cut prices upon the standard goods
which are being featured by the single
stores. This is a sort of competition
which the single store has hard time
to meet.
In a case of desperate competition
the chain system has yet anotner az
vantage in that it may underseli lts
rivals at given town Wnlle Iaane
up the deficit in other towns. IN gen
eral, 1t may be said that the organiza-
tion and buying power of the chain
store may. and often does, enaue IL 70
give the consumer very efficient ana
economical service, but that Wnen tnls
power Is used for cutthroat competltion
the chain store is impairing It's Vaiue
to the community.
The chief disadvantage OF the cnaln
store Is that the man who runs IL GOES
not own it. 1t is hard to find a man VINO
would for his own profit. Furthermore
the utmost care is necessary IN ae-
counting and auditing. Remarkably
emcient systems have been deVelopsa.
In certain line Of chain stores dally
reports are required from the manager,
showing total sales and sales by de-
partments. Cash must be deposited IN
a local bank and the certificate OF de-
posit mailed to the central ofhce. In
addition to this. weekly summaries are
weekly statements from the statesmen.
This service Is a check on the daily re-
ports. Inventories are taken once a
month, and the reports Of stock on
tions Of each store.
doing business is carried into every
operation. When
Sales Efficiercv new store is to
Is the Only Test. estimate is made
of the amount of business it should
obtain. based upon the number of
and the kind of people that
they are. In order to make good, the
local manager must at least come up to
this estimate his first year. A standard
is set for every salesman as well as
every store. The employe knows that
II he can sell goods he will make
money. and that his advancement does
not depend upon the personal opinion
of an immediate superior. In addition,
chain stores give many prizes and
bonuses. encourage their managers to
take stock in the concern. and in every
other way endeavor to foster personal
interest.
The most recent tendency in the chain
store system is the consolidation of the
larger chains. showing that the tend
ency is constantly toward stronger and
more extensive organizations. One
chain of five-and-ten-cent stores re-
Gently absorbed another. A great cigar
chain has acquired controlling inter-
est in a chain Of drug stores. and there
are rumors of many other large con-
soiidations. The American people
should realize that Big Business has
definitely invaded the retail field.
Evening star., 1916-01-03
How Chain Stores
Are Acquired.

Losses and SO gradually got into the re-
tail business. In other cases, tobbers
have been forced by composition to
establish stores OF their own. 1t 10 a
noteworthy fact that in some instances
jobbers have acquired factories as well
as retail stores. the middleman thus
eliminating both the end men.
Nearly all of the manufacturers chain
stores came into existence because the
manufacturers could not find satisfac-
tory outlets for their goods through
ordinary stores. Typewriter and cash
register chains are among the most
typical and familiar. Shoes. confec-
tionery. hats, sewing machines and
photographs are also extensively sold
in this way.
There is one other type of chain
store. and that is the consumers CO.
operative store. 1t has not yet attained
q great deal OF development in this
country. but Is we'll known In Europe.
Evening star., 1916-01-03

Jobbers' chains have sometimes been
acquired accidentally when the johber
Evening star., 1916-01-03

The important fact to be noted, how
ever, is that chain stores represent
Evening star., 1916-01-03

This systematic and scientific way Of
doing business is carried into every
operation. When
Sales Efficiency new store is to
Is the Only Test. ss.,,stsis rad.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1916-09-30
".FRUIT.A.T|V ?
The Simple Juices of Apples, Oranges, Figs and
Prunes Transformed Into Medicine Which
Relieves All Diseases OF Stomach, Liver
Kidneys and Skin.

The value of fruit juices in preventing and relieving dis
ease, has been recognized for centuries.
The objections to using fresh fruit for disease are
1st the high cost Of fruit particularly in winter 2nd the diff
Guilty of eating enough fruit to do good Some
years however, prominent English physician Ottawa
Canada began series of experiments in effort some
practical and economical utilize the valuable medicinal
properties of fruit.
the
medicinal
formed This
with
made into tabetsthat Is everywhere known FRUIT
value thousands and thousands of INDIGESTION
Constipation Kidney Bladder Troubles
sm Nurae Chronic Headaches and troubles disorde
condition OF the Stomach Liver Bowels, Kidneys
S nd NAV he
druggists
York.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1916-09-30
CANTON IN STATE
Of SIEGE AND PANIC

Hongkong, Sept. -(Correspondence
Of The Associated Press) Canton is in
state Of siege and panic as a result CT
the ambitions of rival military leaders
who claim they are operating through
patriotic motives. Cholera has appea red
at Macao. and is reported at Canton.
consequently Hcngkong has been COM
PEELED to deny admission to the thous-
ands of Chinese who are fleeing from the
besieged city of Canton
General Lung Chi-kuang. who wa.
military governor of Canton before fl
Yuan-hung became president, was re-.
named by Ii Yuan-hung to hold the
same office. However. the opposition of
the extreme republicans to General Lung
Chi-kuang was so strong that President
Ii Yuan-hung was compelled to nama
General Lu Yung-ting to take tho
post Of military governor in KwanS-
tung. General Lu is in Kwanssi
and has not yet gone to Kwanr-
Daily Kennebec journal., 1916-09-30
Beginning of Chinaware
Chinese Were Making More Than Two Thousand Years Ao

when Lorenzo de Medici received from
the Sultan Of Egypt a present of blus|
Chinese porcelain. The appearance OIL
chinaware in Europe led to strenuoust
and intermittent efforts at imitation
the earliest European porcelain NJ,
which any examples exist being that.
made in 1880 by Francis de Medici II /
Grand Duke of Tuscany, this attemnt
however. ceasing seven years later
FROM time to time the, industry an
pears to have been revived in France
but it was not until 1893 that porce.
lain making took firm root at ST Cloud
to be further developed so years later
at Vincennes.
In 1856 the center Of the Industry
was finally transferred to Sevres, while
in 1850, at the direction of Louis XIV,
the works became the property of the
nation, surviving the maelstrom of the
revolution and continuing, in spite of
all changes of government, until the
present day Twenty-Five years earlier
Boctcher had established the famous
works of Meissen, near Dresden,
SaXony
IL vi S''I oi iIdii manufacturers nave
at all times centered their attention on
the making of soft porcelain of the
kind used in the everyday cup and
saucer. The works at Chelsea.
Derby and Worcester were started re.
spectively In 1745 and 1851. hard por-
celain making begun by Robert Cook
worthy at Plymouth in 1856, and con-
tlnued by Richard Champlin at Bristol
until 17S1-New York World.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1916-09-30

1t is to the Chinese alone that the
world owes the creation of chinaware.
While the Greeks. who have per-
sistently laid claim to the invention
Of this article Of modern everyday use,
were making experiments with terra
Gotta the Chinese had already COM
pleted the manufacture of porcelain.
The assertions of Chinese histories
that pottery was made in the Chinese
empire as far back as 1900 B. c. are
open to considerable question. 1t is
a matter of indisputable record how
ever. that porcelain was extensively
produced in China about 81 B. C.
From that period the art was de-
veloped and perfected through the
centuries. the center of the industry
being King le-C Chin, where porcelain
was first made in $50 A. D., while in
the eighteenth century this town pos
sessed no fewer than $4,000 furnaces.
OF all Chinese porcelain the most
priced, even at this day, is the old
blue ware, initiated by the Delft man
ufacturers.
From China to Japan the knowledge
of the production Of porcelain was car
ried on in q B. c. Seven hundred
years later the first company Of por-
celain makers was established in Tol-
yo. 1t is, however, rather in the pro-
duction of pottery than of porcelain
that the Japanese have displayed pre-
eminent skill
The first record Of the appearance
of porcelain ware in Europe is in 1887,
Daily Kennebec journal., 1916-09-30

tung province. He is reported I,
be on his way there. but there are
many rumors as to what his intentions
are. The hold Of the Peking govern
ment on Canton and Kwangtung pro-
vince is so very slender that it is doubtful
whether it's new appointee will bs able
to restore harmony when he reaches
Canton.
In the meantime General Tsen Chun-
hsuen and General Ii Cieh-chun, who
pretend to be patriots prompted only by
a desire to displace General Lung Chi.
kuang, whom they denounce as mon
archist and a man thoroughly out Of
sympathy with the republican govern
ment, have been attacking the suburbs
of Canton for weeks, and are blockading
the river.
The United States has several small
gunboats lying in the West River for
the protection of Shameen Island, upon
which practically all the Europeans live
The Japanese also have several warships
in the river. and a number Of antiquated
Chinese gunboats are engaged in the
struggle which has been going on for
some time. The revolutionists have
drafted several steam tugs into service,
and equipped them with rapid firing
guns and several larger guns. 1ndis.
criminate shooting has been going on
for weeks, with the result that bullets
and misplaced shells have been falling
In the vicinity of the foreign settlement
and life has been greatly endangered in
many parts Of the Chinese city.
The foreign warships have at times
been within range Of the fire exchanged
by Lung Chi-kuang's men and the forces
OF his two opponents. One sailor on the
U. S. S. Helena was wounded by a spent
bullet which struck him in the foot. Sew
eral foreigners have had narrow escapes
on Shameen Island, and the foreign con-,
suls have ordered their subjects to keep
away from the waterfront and remain
indoors as much as possible. The firing
continues both day and =:ght. and cor
sequently it is never safe to move about
in the foreign section
Shameen Island, upon which all tie
foreign consulates and most Of the for
eign business houses are located, i'
only about one and a quarter miles IN
circumference. 1t is separated from the
main city by a narrow creek Of great
depth, which can be crossed only by two
iron bridges that are thoroughly bar
ricaded.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1916-09-30

The hrst record OF the appearance
of porcelain ware in Europe is in 1887,
Daily Kennebec journal., 1916-09-30
Metal Fingers Pick Cotton Bolls
Machine Place of Human Laborers in
Fields of South

With the cost of labor constantly
rising, particularly during the past II
months. many American industries are
confronted with a serious problem. And
the problem is the more serious in
those industries where human labor
still reigns supreme and where ma
chinery has made but slight, II any.
inroads. A typical instance, says
writer in the Scientific American, is the
cotton-growing industry, in which the
picking Of the bolls is still done by
hand.
During the year 1914 the cotton pro-
duced in the United States aggregated
16,645,272 bales, representing the crop
yielded by 36.960,0Oo acres of land. This
quantity represented about two thirds
Of all the cotton marketed in the world.
The cost Of picking has been mounting
steadily in the cotton-growing states
and some time ago it attained an aver
age of IS cents for 100 pounds OF seed
cotton, with prices ranging from 80
cents to 81 and higher. according to the
season ond section in which the cotton
was gathered. 1t is safe to assume
that the prices have again
climbed to higher levels. follow
ing the trend Of increasing wages in all
other industries.
From the foregoing it becomes ap-
parent that the cotton growers prob
lem is serious indeed, not only because
Of the high cost but also because Of the
loss incurred from rain and storms
during the season from the want OF
help at the right time. 1t has long
| been realized that suitable machinery
would contribute much toward solving
the crop gathering problem ON the
cotton grower, and many cotton pick
ing machines have been invented. In
the majority of instances. however,
these machines have proved unable to
displace manual labor for a variety OF
reasons A fairly successful type OF
machine has been developed, in which
| two finger like members serve to pluck
the cotton bolls by becoming wrapped
up in them, but trouble is often exper-
fenced by the fingers becoming twisted
together or out of shape.
| The latest attempt to replace the hu-
man element in picking is in
the form of a horse drawn machine OF
simple yet promising design. 1t Is
| mounted upon two large wheels with
the mechanism for gathering the cot
ton placed between them. In operation
Daily Kennebec journal., 1916-09-30

time, and then I stood out again. Sum-
moning every muscle to the supreme
test. I ground my teeth, and with one
mighty effort leaped for the opening
above, at the same time kicking out with
my foot for the shoulder of the wooden
bench Mortal man could do no more.
That leap meant life or death. Would
make it?
All. My foot barely touched, but that
slight FLIP sent my clutching fingers to
Just the right rivet head. With shout
Of Joy I realized I was holding / raised
myself to the next rivet, and the next.
There 1 hung for moment, my strain
ing wrist against the bulge of the pipe.
while I regained breath. Then I grasped
another rivet-another-and another
How my strength held out don't know
I am a very strong, wiry man, with
more than. ordinary power in my hands,
but mere muscle, lacking the most des-
perate resolve, would never have suf-
feed. There came another moment Of
agonized hanging while I braced myself
for the final attempt, which should bring
the upper portion Of my body above the
belly of the pipe and give my feet pur-
chase against the piling. Could do it?
Almost unconsciously I was praying as
though my heart would break. I was
weeping with desperation. But made
the effort. Slowly-oh, so slowly-I
raised my body those few vital inches,
squeezing up-up! My foot touched
something. Almost insensibly I doubled
up my leg and, showing against the pill
ing, pushed myself another six inches
over the breast Of the conduit. My fin
gers slipped from their hold, lay over
on my face and everything went black.
How long / lay insensible I do not
know. When I regained consciousness
was aware Of an overpowering sickness
and WEAKNESS. AS soon as I felt steady
enough I signaled to be raised to depth
of 40 feet. Here I hung Imply for
few minutes, and was then raised to 80
feet and. following this at intervals Of
20 minutes or SOTO allow for decum-
pression-to 20, then to 10 and finally to
the surface.
I have had some dangerous experien-
ces during a lifetime of marine work.
but have never, SO far as I know. been
so close to death. and never so near d
something 1 dread much more than
death-madness!-W World Maya
zine.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1916-09-30

the machine is drawn by two horses
directly over row Of cotton plants,
so that the picking members can pluck
the seed cotton and deposit 1t in
large wooden hopper carried at the
rear Of the vehicle.
The cotton picking mechanism of the
machine resolves itself into 100 fixed
arms, each carrying a number OF re-
volving picker points. The arms are
fastened upon substantial metal Stats,
while rotary motion is impaired to
the picker points by a suitable ar
rangement Of gears. Tht Stats move
backward at the forward speed Of the
machine. the motion being supplied by
power from the wheels. transmitted by
chain drive. The picker points and
their Stats are arranged in two groups
with a space in the center between
which comes the cotton plant to be
plucked. AS the machine moves for
ward over a row Of plants. the arms
carrying the picker points gather the
fluffy balls from practically every part
of each plant. The arms remain sta
tionary with the plant while the en-
tire machine moves forward, SO that
there is no danger Of injuring the plant
which may still have further crop to
yield in the immediate future. The ac-
ton Of the mechanism is to close in
on a cotton plant, pluck off all the ma
tured seed cotton, and then release the
plant at the rear Of the machine. The
picker arms then pass around to either
side OF the machine, still retaining the
cotton. Here the direction of rotation
off, the picker points is automatically
reversed, with the result that the seed
cotton is released and falls to a con-
veyor below. The latter carries the cot
ton up to the hopper or bin at the rear
Of the machine. completing the cycle
Of operation. The freed picker points
then are carried around to the front of
the machine and returned to the center
passageway, ready to pluck the cotton
balls from a fresh plant. The design
Ct the picker points makes 1t impossi-
BILE for them to be twisted together.
hence the most vulnerable member OF
most cotton-p picking machines is in
this case perhaps the strongest.
The cotton-picking machine de-
scribed has been developed and per-
fected during the past few years. Aside
from the features already mentioned,
it claims light weight-about 1000
pounds.-Philadelph Inquirer.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1916-09-30

ceased senator. Perhaps no man in
Maine knew him better than /. My
earliest recollections are of him. His
fathers farm adjoined that of my
father. AS barefoot boy back on the
old farm l knew him-a youth just
budding into manhood. He with his
brother, who is today one of the hon
orable senator's from Aroostook were
boys of my time. They were mother
less boys with a great father, who had
been honored by his State
Il had rather remember Edwin as
boy at school and the help he gave me.
In those early days he showed the no
BILE traits of self-sacriflce and effort
to help others which in later years
endeared him to State and nation.
II remember his marriage to a beau
tiful and lovable girl of the old home
town. l was one of those who helped
to serenade them. I recall when ne
left home to become the land agent OF
Maine and later its State Treasurer,
after which he was Governor and went
to Washington as a member of the
House of Representatives, and still
later a member of the United States
Senate. In the primary of 1912 he re-
ceived a great vote, due, / feel sure. to
his great personal magnetism.
Senator kurleigh was not an orator;
he could not make q speech but he did
have a wide influence at Washington.
Washington was not an orator:
Grant could not make a speech, yet
both are enshrined in the hearts of the
American people. Edwin c. Burleigh
will not leave a record in the United
State Senate as a great orator. but he
will leave record as one Of its great
Daily Kennebec journal., 1916-09-30

President Hersey touched upon the
death Of Mrs. Burleigh with deep
feeling and said that her death
few weeks prior to the Senator's
brought him great sorrow which
doubtless hastened his death.
The resolutions in memoriam in the
Senate and in the House were adopted
by rising vote.
Because Of the fact that this morn
ing's session is to be short and un-
important. there will be a considerable
number of vacant seats.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1916-09-30

In new base for cesk telephones
a spring actuated reel to take up the
slack in the wire and prevent it inter-
fering with other articles near the in
strument.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1916-09-30

Bouquets of beautiful flowers were
placed upon the desks of the four
mourned representatives at the OPEN
ing cf the session.
President Ira G. Hersey paid
splendid tribute to the memory of SEN
ator Burleigh; masterpiece of elo-
uuence and sincere appreciation of a
good man and strong Maine states
man. Senator Hersey said:
1T is most fitting that these resolu-
@tions be presented by the Honorable
Senator from Kennebec. He has in
formed me that no senator is pre-
pared, at this time, to say word OF
eulogy on the late Senator Burleigh
and has asked the Chair to speak.
Senators, feel that this occasion
should not pass without some word OF
respect and appreciation Of the do.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1916-09-30
SPECIAL SESSION
(continued from Page One)
The House resolve:

The House resolve:
This House of Representatives finds
it's meeting at this time saddened by
the death Of four CT its nest respected
members The Hon. Frank S. Lord OF
Ellsworth, Hon. Henry w Evans OF
North Bridgton. Hon. Frank Robinson
of Bangor and Hon. James A. Connel-
high character, great ability and mark
ed fidelity to duty. We enjoyed our
friendship with them, we appreciated
their public services and we deem 1t
only fitting that we thus recognize the
loss to the State and to us personally.
Therefore It is resolved: That these
resolutions be spread upon the journal
of the House anG copiest sent by the
clerk to the families of the deceased
members.
The McDowell times. [volume] (Keystone, W. Va.) 1904-1941, 1916-02-11
LINCOLN MEETING at Gary, at So. N.
Saturday. Governor Hatfield viii deliver tRe
Grafton. Special train from Kimball after net
ing there, returning at IL O'Clock miiniehk.
SENATOR Z. T. ENGLAi1D, vrri sSSs:S;

~''c'o'' the Republican Nomin.tiea fes Aafss.sy-cn
sfAi; Honest; Loyal to His Party Trus b HI Cen.
v'eions and Any Trust Reposel IN Hin
The McDowell times. [volume] (Keystone, W. Va.) 1904-1941, 1916-02-11

Senator England born principally r.i.ed in J,.I
ounty although portion of his boyhood DAYS were ,-rt ~ r.
ne graduated at the Concord Normal School at A:hens
county and then further colv-
and having conferred desr.es Of 8 ~
D. he worked out his education having no one -
ASSIST MIN financially for
with one OF his unees He practice Of the Iesi
on IN the year 1899 at Oceana County. ox. -,
IN the year 'so' and has continued the practice of hi.
profession at that place has
very important of which finally reached IN.
Court OF the United States and decided bv th.
ne announcement OF Senator with ,-,.~.i
M approval IN every section of the State There are
the following: @''"o"s o'ner'
mst e rs lawyer of recognized ability being eminen,v
quahhed to NIL the position which he aspire. - '
Second: He has stood for the progressive H.
advocated IN the Republican platform. ~ "e
Ihd; ne has been allied with any faesios of hi.
his election ~ =" "''' n'or-
Fourth: He !. a fine campaigne, .,d ..-..
the State which should be recognized ''"
n' D'''rs ms term OF oHee a. member of State
>enate ard P de't e body he stood SQUARE de-. TO-
IL and SpecL prIvils to ~ - 'o'
s Trends that the people nouni.aks s4 a..
sse VIII nave strong lawyer
interests will be properly looked fro. - se..S :.
tune when the Virginia debt and many oxher
I'll have to be handled by the Auosnsy-Cs.s11l