davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31
Why Is Gasoline So High? Largely Due to the War,
Explains Producer; Prosperity Mentioned as Cause

finers to increase oil prospecting and
drilling by artiiclally Increasing the
price paid by them for crude oil.
OIL production Is a hazardous busi-
ness. A producer may sink his en-
tire capital and get nothing but dry
holes In the ground. The big re-
fners are not In the drilling business
to any extent. They buy the oil
when II. pours from the ground. Last
year, when the price was down, there
was little w%ild-catting, or prospecting
for oil. Now that the price for
crude has doubled there is great ac-
tivity among the w~ild-catters.
In this connection there Is the pos
ability for relief to the gasoline con-
sumers. When so much wild-catting
Is going on, some driller Is always
likely to drop a hole into some great
pool Of oil never before discovered.
Any great oil discovery at this time
would probably make lower prices.
The refiners sell only the by-prod
ucts OF petroleum. The chief by
products are ordinary coal oil, or
Kerosene, and gasoline. When tn"
price OF one Of these b%y-products is
depressed 1t stands to reason that
the other must go up II the refiner is
to come out even. That Is just the
case today. I understand the price
of kerosene Is relatively low.
This depression Is largely due to
tho war Since the discovery of cleo
trio lighting the American demand
for kerosene has been dropping off.
The refnors have developed new
kerosene markets in Asia, Ffrica and
in Russia. Ocean freight rates have
risen now to such an extent that 1t
is no longer profitable for vessels to
carry kerosene, and for lack Of ship
ping accommodations this by-product
is becoming q drug In the oil market.
The price OF gasoline has had to take
care OF this loss.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31
for military preparedness in the

for military preparedness in the
United States, 1t Is only since the
outbreak OF the war In Europe that
our Congressman and the people at
large have commenced to be thor
ouEhly stirred up on this subject OF
arming for defense, but for a decaoe
or more past the War College has
been quietly going about its business
of carrying out n very practical
form Of preparedness, namely the
preparation in advance Of workable
plans that would serve as a ready-to-
hand program In the event that Uncle
Sam got into war with any power on
the globe.
Moreover the War Colleges scheme
for taking a stitch in time hasn't
merely covered ways and means to
resist invasion by a foreign foe. Re-
ceiving equal attention and obviously
Just as important has been the laying
down Of rules OF thumb for moving
our own troops, safeguarding lines Of
Communication, etc. In order that IN
the event Of trouble there may BIO per-
feet team work" betwean tho Army
and the Navy the officials OF the Army
War College have been in frequent
consultation with the officers Of that
kindred institution, the Naval War
College, with the result that there
have been arrived at, in harmonious
cooperation, complete plans for the
Joint action Of the two services
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31
Iae~A~ap~@G@ caz@SaAaoA~0G W
AUniqueG Governmental Institution That Serves As
the Very Foundation Of Preparedness : A Bu-
reau Of Information and An Educational
Establishment In One = Where
Plans for War Are Made.
I5eN~wz(NSz~ CnlSSS,M SyN>RC
BY WALDoN

junct has been hiding its light under
q bushel. Talk about gum shoe
work." why the powers that be would
have the War College completely Of
face itself in so far as the general
public Is concerned were 1t not for the
fact that It's $500, 600 home rising con-
spicuously on the sky line at the ma
tional capital, provokes more or less
curiosity on the part Of sight-seers.
Even at that. visitors are not well
coined at the War College-the one
Governmental institution where the
latch-string Is not out.
A Storchouse Of Confidential Infor-
nation.
The War College could Issue an up
to-the-minute map over night II necos-
sary because 1t is the business Of the
War College TO know all about, forti-
ncations and lines Of communications
and all the other things that must be
accurately indicated on a sure-enough
war map. What is moro, tho War
College could thus sketch the layout
of things in Japan or any other quar-
ter Of the globe quite as readily as ir
Europe. Indeed 1t did 1t not 30 very
long ago with respect to Mexico.
While the War College lives up tc
the college part of its name, as will b
duly explained later, 1t is in the othel
half of Its dual function that the pub
Tic Is most Interested just now. In,
deed 1t is this role OF d most unusua
Information bureau" that Is mos
likely to fire the imagination at al
times for there is something fascinat'
ling about an "intelligence service
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31
No Nation Can Catch Us Mapping.
That the sort Of preparedness

That the sort Of preparedness IN
which the War College deals is OF tan
gible value can, perhaps. be demon
strated only in the event of an actual
war but whatever their worth Uncle
Sam is keeping his stock of war Sc
crets right up-to-date. Indeed, the
War College has usually taken care Of
matters in q given direction long be-
fore the general public has aroused to
the need Of preparedness In that d.
ERECTION. In other words, the experts at
the War College can by virtue of their
training and experience, discern a
menacing cloud on the international
horizon long ere the mar on the street
observes the approach Of o thunder
storm. =
Mexico affords an object lesson al to
tho thoroughness of War College pre-
paredncss. For several years. to be
sure, our national administration has
been flirting with the question of In
%tervention in Mexico but as far back
as 1905 the War College had COM
plete military plans for Intervention
in our neighbor republic. Or to turn
10 the case Of Haiti which has lately
been making us some trouble It may
be observed that ever since 1904 the
War College has had in reserve mill
tary and naval plans for every possi-
lble contingency In the turbulent Attle
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31
TO RUNDOWN women
Detroit Woman Tells How to Regain
Strength.

Detroit, Mich. II was in such a run
down condition I had no ambition fc
do anything, l had a chronic cough
and cold and nothing seemed to give
me any relief, and l was gradual!
getting worse, until a friend advised
me to try vinol, which | did. After
the first day or two it seemed to phi
new life into me, the tired worn-ou'
feeling began to disappear, l regained
my appetite and was able to get a
good nights rest. The cough grad
ually wore away, and l am now feel,
ing like myself again, so that | a dc
all my homework and go about my
duties as usual. Vinol Is certainly
a wonderful medicine Mrs. w. b
Waters, Detroit, Mich.
Vinol restores health and strength
In conditions like this, because In a
natural manner it increases the appe-
title, tones up the digestive organs
enriches the blood and strengthens
every organ in the body.
We guarantee that Vinol Will do
the same for any rundown person in
C%larksburg or give back their money.
Stone & Mercer, Druggists, Clarks-
burg, w. Va.-Advertisement.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31
uLMAN HAS
GOSsARD DIPLOMA
Katheryne UIman Attends Con-
vention at Washington and
Wins Diploma.

The Madame Ulman parlor is to be
congratulated on having sent Miss
Kathryne Ulman to Washington to
attend the special Gossard convention,
arranged, planned and conducted I'M
der the direct supervision Of Miss ID
B. Wells, southeastern representative
of the H. W. Gossard Company, Chi
cago.
This convention was the first Of its
kind ever conducted in Washington,
and the corsetieres and its success
success will undoubtedly make this
an annual feature convention in Wash
ington.
Not only did the ladies take up the
more advanced methods in salesman
ship, turn-overs, advertising, regular
corset fittings, medical fittings and
general store service, but they also
visited many points of interest in
Washington, and had the pleasure Of
meeting personally, Mr.. Wilson, in
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31

his private office.
These ladies represent the first or
ganized body Of corsetieres and sales
women to be granted an interview by
the president, and his commentator
of their activity was very hearty.
Almost fifty ladies attended, includ-
ing the principals OF some of the larg-
est banks in Washington, as well as
some of the most prominent advertis-
ing men, board Of trade members and
prominent executives Of the H. W.
Gossard Company, Chicago.
Miss Ulman returns to Clarksburg'
with information which will certainly
be of tremendous interest to every
woman in this city. her work has al
ways been above par, and there is no
doubt but that she and her store will
receive the approval Of more women
this season than they have ever en-
joyed before. This approval will I'M
doubtedly be voiced in larger pur-
chases.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31
that is secretive in all It's dolngs and
conooo Ia s~acretive and rrow-

that is secretive in all Its dolngs and
the War College Is secretive and grow
ing more so every day. Even the man
who diligently follows all the proceed
Itngs of Congress every year will get
no more information than that 1t costs
Uncle Sam something like $4,000 a
yoar to operate tho War College. The
expense Is as low as 1t Is because tne
institution has no rent to pay n all
Its officers and students draw their
regular pay as Army ofacers n not
as helpers at the War College.
Secrecy, {, Prime Requisite.
But the War College officials ought
not to BIO criticized for being very
stealthy about all they do. because
upon their ability to keep their own
counsel may depend the success Of
Uncle Sans plans for offenso and Do
tense. Tho aim and purpose OF the
War College is not merely to collect
all possible information regarding
every nation, large or small, that
might ever go to war with tho United
States but to work up" that infor'
nation into ready.made plans for mil
itary operations that are placed IN
cold storage until needed in tho fire
proof, burglar : proof, bomb PROOF
vaults opening from the basement Of
the War College building.
The War College might be termed
the tap.root Of the whole movement
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31


Crude Oil Reaches High Level.
This competition Is now being ey1-
denced in the oil fields. Crude oil In
the Appalachian range is now quoted
Mt about S2.35 a barrel. Competition
among the rehners has developed 10
such an extent that premiums above
the quoted price are being offered for
oil. In Ohio and West Virginia these
premiums are about ten cents a bar
rel, although occasionally as high as
twenty-five cents a barrel is paid as a
premium in West Virginia. In OKLA
bona the premium Is averaging
about thirty cents a barrel.
Broadly speaking, 1t Is the war
which is causing the high gasoline
price. There Is certainly an alb
normal demand for the b%y-products
of petroleum, and this demand is
principally from Europe. The Gall
clan oil fields have been closed to the
Allies by the German armies. ms
several operations in Europe where
oil is produced have been interrupted
by the war. For the first time In
history of England and France are en-
tlrely dependent upon the petroleum
supplies of the United States, and
their demand, due to the necessities
of war, is much greater than normal.
Germany, although 1t had stored
great quantities OF American oil be-
fore the outbreak Of teh war, was
threatened with a gasoline famine
before the GalIcian drive. It's scien-
lists had tried to develop a substitute
for gasoline, but we have no reason
to believe that they were successful
The inventors of other countries
have never been able to discover such
a substitute.
In spite OF the increased demands
from Europe, the American demand
for gasoline has rapidly intensified.
The prosperity of the last year has
largely increased the sale of automo-
biles, and every automobile must be
fed with gasoline.
Activity Among Wilde Caters.
1t is possible that there has been a
premeditated effort of the large re-
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31

~1 I'D you get your "war map" yet
from Uncle Sam? Because II
you did the chances are you are
~ wondering how the national
government can afford to sell such n
man at such a price. Certainly this
chart of war-ridden Europe that Is
being sent out from Washington does
not, to use the slang expression, TOOK
like thirty cents" although 1t costs
only that modest sum. On the con-
trary this minute diagram OF the
countries now being drenched with
blood is generally conceded to be Just
sbout the best specimen Of war map
ever issued by any nation.
To let you into the secret of how
the national Government has been en-
abled to provide its citizens with a
model war map at a merely nom
inal price be 1t explained that this
map has been prepared and published
by the u. s. Army War College. Per-
haps that statement does not suggest
anything to you, and no sham to you
either. for 1t Is a safe guess that there
is not more than one citizen In a thou
sand who remembers that we have an
Army Wal College and probably not
more than one person in ten thousand
conyersant though they be with cur
rent affairs, has any clear conception
of the work Of this unique Institution
located on the banks Of the Potomac
river.
War College Docs Not Court Publicity
In great part 1t is the fault Of the
men who conduct the Army Wal Col
lere that this interesting Federal I'D.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31
Multigraph and Circular Sales Letters
have shown me in allowing me to
give you these facts. felt the public

have shown me in allowing me to
give you these facts. felt the public
should have this information.
West Virginia has taken on new life.
The last legislature gave US progress
sive Legislation in keeping with our
party promises to the people. 1t gave
to us a financial system, with suftic-
lent finances to develop II state, and
we are going forward and not back
ward, in keeping with the ability OF
our citizens to do so. 1t may be more
popular with some who have not the
pride in West Virginia that we have,
to take a different position, but the
rieht shirt will win in the end. What
do we live for II 1t is not to make life
less difficult for each other? What bet
ter thing can we do for generations to
come than to develop our state to a
high standard Of efficiency that will
make it more attractive instead Of ex-
hausting our states wealth without
improving our state? And II we are
to do this we must not retrench dur
ing this period, but rather go forward
in a conservative manner and keep
the commonwealth abreast with the
trend of progress.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31
By GEORGE WHITE,
Ion Producer and Former Member Of
CONGRESS from Ohio.

IN L" UH H"l A1OuA 1hhOs
What makes the price OF gasoline
30 high? I suppose l have been asked
that question q score Of times. We
producers do not know positively.
! We are not in the retail selling end
Of the business. But we know Of a
number Of causes operating together
10 cause high gasoline prices. Prob
ably few Of these causes are known
or understood by the general public.
Let me say in the outset that in
creased profits to the %refner, in my
opinion, have something to do with
present gasoline prices, though prob
ably less than the consuming public
generally suppose. The small, in
dependent reiners. the men who have
had a struggle in less prosperous
days, are showing the evidence OF
prosperity. They r increasing the
size and efficiency Of their refining
plants. II the little fellows are max
ing money, 1t is reasonable to sup
pose that the bigger concerns are
making more money. Out OF this
condition there Is likely to come
great good both to the consumers OF
refinery products and to the pro-
ducers OF crude petroleum. do not
charge that the Standard Oil Com
pany is maintaining a tictitiously
high price for gasoline. but If it were
doing so it would be, conducting a
short-sighted policy. The present
high prices are building up the little
Independent refners into strong
competitors. II the high prices last
long enough the Standard Oil Com
pany will have more competition than
at any time since its formation. That
will mean keener competition among
the refners for their crude oil.
bring higher prices to the crude oil
producers, and keener competition
in the retail markets. which will
bring lower retail prices to the con-
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31
5nIIergErecLlxS Tents
DemonazrHlo0RN5zArmw HAr caN5Se
island.

island.
Only once was Uncle Sam caught
mapping and then 1t was a case where
lost time was quickly made up. When
controversy with Japan vas first pre-
cipitated some eight or nine years ago
the War College found itself without
war plans that took into account the
Oriental power as an adversary. How
ever there were a few days Of lively
work and an emergency plan" was
ready. This vas followed by alterna-
tive plans calculated to keep the Mix
ado's subjects guessing and q few
years s all the officers detailed to
the War College participated in an
elaborate strategic WAR Game" in
which the opponents were the Japan
ese represented by orange) and the
Americans (typiied by blue) and in
which the theatre Of war was our Pa
cifc Coast and the Pacific Ocean.
First Aid For Panama.
Just to indicate how difficult 1t
would be to propose a military CO.
nundrum for which the War College
has not an answer ready 1t may be
mentioned that 1t has been only since
the Panama Canal was completed that
most newspaper readers awoke to the
Importance OF protecting the Canal
Zone from hostile powers. Yet
more than half a decade ago the War
College had completed and filed away
In Its archives detailed plans for
preserving the neutrality Of the Canal
Zone, and for protecting the Canal
against all sorts Of attacks-not for
getting a possible attempted invasion
by way Of the United States Of CO.
lombia-
The same sort Of preparedness has
been carried out with respect to the
Philippines, Hawaii. etc. That the
War College does not neglect the i'm
probable Is attested by the fact that
plans have been made for handling
the Canadian situation and protecting
the undefended cities on the Great
Lakes In the event that tho United
states IL ever drawn into war with
Great Britain. That the War College
even has an eye 70 the use Of the "pig
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31
W1eToe U2ck 5zzW1 eep5.hyNAo 5ecfastS
The Hz0R5ow 5noNrzzS MeLWYaZ5Hea
CAbzne11i or Nzpoand RAzna

stick" to protect Yankee business m
terests 10 disclosed by the circum-
stance that In one niche Of the vaults
where Uncle Sans military secrets
repose is q neat schedule whereby
China might be compelled by force
Of arms to prevent a boycott Of Amer
lean goods. Similarly there are plans
for protecting the lives Of American
missionaries In the Far East.
History Of the War College.
Elihu Root, when Secretary Of War,
won the title of Father OF the War
College" It was in 1899 that he frst
brought the matter to the attention
Of the President Of the United States.
In 1900 Gen. William Ludlow was Sent
to Europe to get pointers" as to now
Old World nations conducted similar
institutions and in 1901 Congress made
tho first appropriation for the new es-
tablishment. Two years later the frst
money was set aside to erect a slita-
BILE building al q permanent home
the War College, but 1t was not Until
1907 that the executive force moved
in.
The War College has general su-
pervision over the work Of what are
known as the Service schools" Of the
u. 8. Army-the Cavalry School, the
Artillery School. etc., each Of which
give post graduate courses OF their
own. It is therefore appropriate
enough that the War College should
be set down in the grounds q n
of these 'schools-namely tho IEngi-
neer School. And such location proves
a positive advantage when, 1t ID taken
into account that one Of the dutics as
signed to the War College Is 70 m
vestigate and try-out all new dlsooy-
cries and inventions in tho military
feld-and, in short keep informed
on all developments in the military
sphere. 1t is in pursuance OK tnis
policy Of watchfulness for idnova-
tons that we find the war cOllegc
lately making an exhaustive inyHstiga-
ton Of the use of motor truckF ana
searchlights in warfare and p4obinE
the military possibilities Ok wireless
ltelegraphE y
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31

ment, including the maintenance Of its
institutions and the building Of new
buildings, only %sixty-four out Of every
$40 OF direct taxes paid by a taxpayer
in the city Of WEIGH.
The present tax rate in the city Of
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31
Total

IOldl .....,......
If your tax bill is $40, let us see
how much of the SO goes to the state:
14-165ths or eighty-ive cents, and the
state pays back to the local schools
of the state one-Iourth Of the amount
collected, or twenty-one cents, leaving
for the support of the state govern
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31

Out of every $40 of direct taxes paid
in the city Of Charleston the state re-
ceives, after paying one-fourth back
to the local schools, only fifty cents.
In conclusion, gentlemen, | wish to
thank you for the consideration you
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31

Total ................,...|l.if
Out Of every $40 Of direct taxes paid
in the city Of Huntington the state
receives, after paying o%ne-fourth back
to the local schools, only sixty cents.
The present tax rates in the city Of
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31
Total

ASNNh
Out Of every $40 of direct taxes paid
in the city of Fairmont the state re-
celyes, after paying one-fourth back to
the local schools, only ffty-five cents.
II it were not for this state aid to
local schools, the state levy would be
three and one-half cents less and the
local school levies three and one-half
cents more.
Last year the state contributed out
Of the ten cent direct levy, $3S1,OOO to-
ward the support of local schools, and
contributed to or expended for local
schools over s350,O0O out Of state cap
itation tax, fines. etc. There was ex-
pended out Of the state treasury for
education the aggregate amount of
81, 544, 900.
An analysis Of the tax rates in any
district of the state will show that
only q very small part OF the taxes
are used for the support OF the state
government including all other insti-
buttons. Practically all of the taxes
paid on real estate and personal prop
erty 20 for the support of local gov
eminent, local schools and local i'm
provements.
The present tax rate in the city OF
Oh rIacton 10 NC follows.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-01-31
MARTYRED
Continued from page g.


local government, for the reason that
there are SO many things necessary
to be done to bring the counties, the
districts and municipalities up to the
standard that is required in an edu-
c%ational way, as well as the proper
development and maintenance of your
thoroughfares.
In Mcdowell county, the three and
half cents that goes back to your local
schools deducted from the fourteen
cent direct levy, contributes $4,000
in direct taxation for the maintenance
OF the state government-practically
the same amount as is given back to
you for your state institution, that has
done SO much good for suffering hui
one-half cents that goes back to local
The present tax rate In the city Of
WEIGH is as follows on each 500 of