davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1916-03-15

fortress after another with theif. rfg..-
81. guns, recalls a time when "A pr.s,rt
"L.F or Germany was using artIll'r. fIr
-iNo OF which would make ths 4E-s.u. II
meter gun seem small IN comuaris.1
, ga, was when tho Turks were b.-i.a-
ihk '"h@tanuuople in 1853. n was tile
0i't' llat htu a nOmeutuu- coussguar.a
iH lue history OF the .urld and the inst
H Mhicn artillery wa used In an inn
PnItaht war. The Turks brought an IA
batteries or cannon and had a fleet az
10" shlp~ anchored at che entrance 81
The monster gun alluded 20 was de-
Flfhed ana built by one brbau. ID fe NOT
clear whether hc was a Hungarian ar a
w az lachitn- At any rate, hs LETT tho .m-
irilal christian rlty uf CouHfuuffr1uf.
ana reDdu1" an ally Of the Mosl,ms Ths
'ultth heard the story Of his Invention
ana t1ld MIN 10 put 10 into practice. II
''"A thF'" murfFs . make the model
ana 20 cast the gun. which measured (.
ltti DO circumference and threw "A stone
missile, weighing I.2uu pounds. "a dl--
lance - mile. and made au ear-.uIIr-
llNs noise. Il required two more months
lv remove iNc sun from AdrIauuUI-
Mhcr, % was made. 10 the vicinity Of
lonstantinople. Fifty Orleans pulled
% and goo soldiers held IN IN on lie
-id". while 200 peasants went ahead and
l'Nsl"d the road iu front OF DO. and 5u
carpenters built sTcciul bridges
How Tar Drhau and his invention
contributed To- the success Of thr -I,l.
j. not known, but there IS no doubt t.at
iho novel use OF artillery was hnllHs
The principal factors iu putting CouStau-
i!Hople into the possession OF sultan
Manomet IT. FLANEUE
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1916-03-15

published by the Department or
Labor. showing the effect Of the war
upon The increase I'm population. Ad-
diuous 20 our population through i'm
migration are almost entirely due 10
the influx of The laboring classes. In
the fiscal year ended June 80. 1913.
the increase was $4,000: and for
1914. 30 was 10000.
That was prior 10 the war. showing
a normal net increase OF nearly 500
900 per year. During tho last .
months of 1915 Instead Of having an
Increase OF 100000. as we would have
had under normal conditions. there
was gain of only $500. IN the wear
and half the war has been In pro
gress there has been relative di-
intuition Of approximately l..OOOuU
iu our population of the laborinr class.
Those laDorers who remain are gel.
ting the bsnsht OF the loss 100 imm.
arat'on That accounts ln q large
measure Tor the higher wages that are
being paid and for the moro constant
employment enjoyed
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1916-03-15

selves or Und.niable Importance these
"lf Iail'nS NtI. nothing but elaborate
RENTS. while The main thrust was be-
me- I',II,,trd against Nerduu proper.
4nIs u return Co the original
.L'NN OF ihr Germans. which looked
=. 'h' 'i"Wh Princes army tu deliver
we sI,d. stroke of The war somewhere
around 'halou--s Marine. AFTER Yer
Gun should nave been taken. aud the
If'uth armies OF the west. cut OFF from
th"-e on guard along tho fortified line
from Nrfduu Co li"lturt ttho latter also
NAY lng played q prominent part ia the
.uI.N ending Of "a, war of 1870 bv the
-'t'.la ,. A. any rate. the present plan
90. h''p.nE o.. French and English busy
along tnr entire front while "a phaIanN
was being formed ard maastd against
N'rduu. shows that German leadership.
cunning.
Above aI che fact Thar these sub
riN..it operations should ual, been so
very SUCCESSFUL uu their own account.
shows that tlr Kaiser is BOO rn want III
m,n. which theory has always appeared
Ilii' uiou- Zoo Che writer who has mace
military situation boo Germany Too 1f-
L'H t.' stories "i One shifting OF Ger
n1u TROOPS from Oh, east front ur The
h'.I without any foundation. Tut re-
cent reports OF heavy mrl.fufrf- ~
lf""i. through i.' .-Ium urr moss pla.u-
d. confirmed. They consisted % the ter
riblr heavy artillery tHlt once b.for,
De-" given such a dreadful atsuur. of
iir'It or ligE. Nuwur and Naur.urc. fu
August and september OF I9Ii
NJ TOO. writing Do would ts rr.ma-
lNi'. a- W'I. as rash. tl predict ono
WtF nE another What TIN military roe
.Iu' ~ 'hc Nrrduu drive may amount ts.
tf.HEhf f' r'HrI.fII where 10 BEL Of
t''. moment. ... lesson win have been
iHHfri namely. fh't i1r clear under
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1916-03-15
WEDNESDAY, MARCH Is, 1916.

AR" now ready for service. With
thes, "assassins' she hopes TO work
destruction without giyus quarter. Il
As said that Germany now possesses
-ubmarines OF power and displace-
mont undreamed OF at the outbreak
of the war u is claimed that these
monster craft can voyage as far as
India independent of any aid. In their
ouiidin- men have been kept al WORK
aigt- and day for months. The best
German inventive and constructive
minds have been employed ia perfect
ns huge noulla Of submarines.
With such a strongly increased Of
i"n-Iy, 10 is NOT among the imprlba-
b-hti's that the German navy viii
seek her Zoe and put her fate 90 the
test on this last desperate throw.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1916-03-15

cd by their luke. warm support.
Whatever We do. We cannot get
away from the States and the
people organized as States.
The Militia Bill. as il seems 10
BE- framed. proposes in effect an
army which shall be Federal in
character but state in name. II
VIII have all the familiar ear
marks Of the national Guarr and
OF a state Militia. II will appar-
entity be divided IN rorty-eignt
little West Points for the educa-
ton OF officers. Each State will
be responsible for its own quota
OF the force. But the law pro-
poses TO regulate from Washing
ton all questions of fitness. OF dis
cipline, of equipment, OF training,
and. with as few restrictions as
possible, Will put the new force
at the disposal Of the President
OF the United States. We are TO
have 4 State Militia which the
States Will appoint and recruit
under Federal law. which will re-
side in the State. other things
equal, but which shall be subject
TO service at the discretion OF the
Federal Government. Needless to
say. IL is TO be paid by the Fed
eral Government. and this ought
To give the War Department the
whip hand and hold the polite
ians in restraint.
After all. an honest man must
admit that the probability of graft
and undue influence in appoint
mcrts will be very considerable
whatever the legal organization Of
the new army may be. Whether
it viii be easier for the state com
mIttees TO use the new army as
pork barrel under the House
Cheme than IL would have been
under the Continental scheme OF
Secretary Garrison is at least an
open question The poStoffice and
a good many other departments
are technically Federal. but every
one knows that the appointments
are really made i'm the States
Nothing in the world can prevent
tho parcelling out Of a new Fed
eril army among the members Of
Congress and the locating of sup
ply depots. training camps and
munition factories i'm forty-eight
States. provided Congress makes
up its mind 20 do IL. and the exc
Cutiyc Yields To be- sure. the
probability OF corruption looks
greater M the House bill than in
the other arrangement Il Is. so
to speak, legaliZed. IL is made
open and above board. whereas in
the other case Dr. must conceal IL.
self i'm devious ways.
But the supporters Of Secretary
Garrison sn"m entirely To forget
that the type Of Organization will
uot guarantee efficiency or econ
omE. lf the people az large want
preparedness and make clear. As
they easily can. 10 The big politi-
clans iu Washington and the little
politicians In the States that they
mean business and will tolerate no
foolishneSs or graft. a good army
can be built by this scheme as
well as by any other. II is the
spirit OF the nation. the determi.
nation ~ the people a. large that
Will count and no machinery can
take The place OF that national
determination.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1916-03-15
SERVICE or THE WHEELING INrELLIaEHcER
BY ROLAND G.. USHER

Numerous causes. including the
resignation OF Secretary Garrison
and the continued difference OF
opinion between the President
and House OF Representative.
have cOntriycd to draw special
attention to the measures now
proposed by the House Commit
tee in its militia bill concerning
the army or the future. So much
opprobrium has been heaped up
on the plans Of the House from a
variety OF sources that It seems
only fair TO give the devil his due
and state What the real Difficult
ties are which the House is Try
ing 10 solve.
Ever since this country was
founded the States have shown a
persistent fear of the Federal
Government, and have never
manifested IL more plainly than
in their opposition for century
or more TO all schemes for in
creaslng the farmed force which
the Federal Government could
use. The clause in the Constitu-
ton forbiddinE the latter 70 inter
iere IN any state except az the
request Of its own executive has
never satisfied them. Congress
mas therefore been under con
slant pressure 10 reduce the size
or the Federal army to so small
number that 1t could not pos
sibly undertake aggression against
the states. Influence has also
been brought TO bear on the War
Department TO distribute this
small army in SO many places
that iss strength Is effectively de-
stroyet.
Hence the House Committee
feels That Congress could never
be- induced To- pass any scheme
creatIni new Federal army
which was nominally and official
ly entirely outside the jurisdic-
ton of the States and intended TO
be- modified IN one place and
therefore kept ready for action.
AnofL er difficulty which the
House committee has in mind is
the political power of the present
National Guard which the Demo
Gratis can hardly afford 10 ALLEVIATE
az this precise juncture They
must. a. least preserve the forms
OF protc citing IL until the election
Is safely past. II 70 happens that
the means which advance tho
first also advance The second
II might therefore be said that
the House Committee is more con
cerned with the celebrating a
scheme which has tho maximum
chance Of adoption rather than OF
accepting q scheme from the sec
retary uf War which might. 10 be
sure. have the maximum military
effect. but whose chances or
adoption We're some, hing less
than a minimum and whose APP
prevail by the country al large
after enactment would be- eX-
tromely questionable After all.
preparedness must proceed from
the Operative effort OF the
States with the Federal Govern
meut. and 10 7 perhaps more cs-
sentiar that their support should
Dee hearty Do favor Of whatever
scheme is adopted than that an
excellent scheme should be pass
ed which would then be frustrat-
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1916-03-15

time IN making its destination. Some
times these delays are serious mat
tiers IN business affairs and I'm others
extremely annoying There Us no
possible excuse Tor such derauge-
ment Of the mail service. 10 is an
other example o. the incapaci'y or
tho Democratic party 20 conduct the
affairs ~ the country
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1916-03-15

atmu.. E. M1ntsamsry OF KlugWo.I.
hls announced DIS candidacy for the
a., DOB DnugfDs- made vacant Us t.n
I'tiI OF ZION. William e. Brown. ...
ht. MgnfE emery, e. Republican. was 900
intimate friend OF Mr Brown t.r many
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1916-02-04
BRITISH DENY BERLIN STORY
DECLARE REPORTS OF CRISIS AT
ALDEN, UNTRUE.
Dispatches From Teutonic Sources
Said Forces In Arabia Were In
Dangerous Position.

London, Jan. 29.-The report eman-
ating from German sources that the
British forces were cooped up in
Alden, Southwestern Arabia, and in
an exceeding dangerous position, has
been denied by the official press bu-
reau.
The Berlin story, which purports to
come from Cairo, says that Alden was
surrounded in December by numerous
well-armed Arab tribes and Turkish
regulars, that the British garrison,
consisting of 10000 men, was defend
ing itself stubbornly, but only the fire
from the warships had saved them
from capture.
The same dispatch said that the
British had been driven from all ter
ritory they had held in that section and
had lost $4,000 killed and 10000
wounded.
Stockholm, via London, Jan. 20. -
The newspaper Tidningen says that
during the past year 355 Swedish ves-
sells have been captured, of which 221
were taken into German ports.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1916-02-04
DENIES PLOTS BY GERMANS
HARVARD PROFESSOR DECLARES
ACCUSATIONS ARE ABSURD.
kuno Francke Says Berlin Is Not to
Blame for Explosions in NUM-
tion Plants.

Minneapolis, Jan. 20. = Charges
from pro-ally sources, that the Ger
man government is to blame for ex-
plosions in munition plants in the
United States are absurd and the re-
suit of an artificial hysteria created
in this country for its anti-German
effect, according to Kuno Francke,
professor of German literature at
Harvard university, who is in Mime
apolis. ~.
THE accusations against Won Pa
pen were unfounded," he said "Of
course, there may be few individual
fanatics of German ancestry whose
love for the old country runs away
with their reason to such an extent
that they would commit crime under
the belief that it was justified But
that any German-American organiza-
ton, or the Teutonic government,
would take such measures is incon-
ceivable.'
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1916-02-04
STRIKING SENTENCES FROM
ADDRESS ON PREPAREDNESS

| America is forced-whether she
will OF no-in the decades immediate
| ly ahead of us, to, furnish the world
with its chief economic guidance and
assistance.
I'VE can no longer be provincial
nation. -, 9-:,,...-r
Let no man say If he would speak
the truth that the question of per-
lection of national defense is a ques-
tion of war or peace. rF
There is something the American
people love better than they love
peace. They love the principles upon
which their political life is founded
They will at no time seek a contest,
but they will at no time cravenly avoid
it. Because if there is one thing that
every nation ought to- fight for it is
the integrity of it's own convictions.
We will not surrender our convictions.
| would rather surrender territory
than surrender those ideals which are
the staff of life for the soul itself.
eff we should go into Mexico do
you know what would happen? All
the sympathy of the rest of America
would look across the water and not
northward to the great Republic
which we profess to represent.
More than year ago l said this
question of military preparedness was
not pressing subject. But more than
year has gone since then and l
would be ashamed if 1 did not learn
something in IA months.
Il don't know anything about what
is going to happen when the war is
over, and neither do you.
America never will be the aggres-
sor; America always will seek to the
last point at which her honor is in
volved to avoid the things which dis
turb the peace of the world.
But America does not control the |
of the world and we |
must be ready to defend the things |
we love against every contingency
which may acct or impair Them
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1916-02-04
MONTANA REPORTS 81 BELOW
Scores of Towns Face Coal Famine
Seven People Frozen to
Death in Storm.

Great Falls, Mont, Jan. 29.-With
the thermometer having registered be-
low zero almost continuously for more
than two weeks, and with many
points reporting temperatures from so
to 62 below, scores of towns and small
communities in Montana face coal fam
mes that will bring suffering and
much loss of life unless relief is
speedily afforded.
Already no fewer than seven people
are known to have beer frozen to
death since the storm began and many
others are believed to have persisted
in the remote sections of the state,
cut off from supplies. i,
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1916-02-04
Bank Robbery Suspects Held.

Chicago, Jan. 29-Five men, suspects
in Thursdays daring robbery of Jake
Stahls Washington Park National
bank, threw thousands of dollars in
cussency and coin from a window into
the street when their rooming house
was raided by police. A newsboy,
George Mont picked up the money.
Three women were arrested with the
men, who are to be lined before bank
employees for Identification. The raid
was made on a tip from woman.
Several of the men made attempts to
escape.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1916-02-04
EMBARGO URGED IN SENATE
SHIPMENT OF WAR MUNITIONS
TO BELLIGERENTS DENOUNCED.
Petition Bearing 100000 Signatures
Precipitates Debate, But Test
Vote 10 Averted.

Washington, Jan. 29.-An outburst
of denunciation against shipment OF
American-made war munitions to Eu-
ropean belligerents stirred the SEN
ate, rejecting revival of sentiment
which may force a vote upon embargo
resolutions which have been pending
in committee for several months.
A petition for an embargo bearing
more than 100000 signatures preci-
plated the debate. A test vote at one
time seemed inevitable, but it was
averted after much parliamentary ma
neuvering by reference of the petit
ton to the foreign relations commit
tee.
Senators Urge Embargo.
Il hope the time will come" said
Senator Clapp of Minnesota, when
that awful incongruity of a Christian
nation loading one ship with goods
and clothing for orphans, and another
with powder to make more orphans,
will cease"
An embargo was urged also by Sen
ators Hitchcock, Works, Ashurst,
Lane, MARITIME and La Toilette.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1916-02-04
LOUIS D. BRANDEIS OF BOSTON
SELECTED BY PRESIDENT
TO BE ASSOCIATE JUSTICE
OF SUPREME COURT.
NOMINATION CREATES
SENSATION IN SENATE
Is Complete Surprise Everywhere in
Official Circles Attorney had
Not been Publicity Mentioned
For Position-Former De-
fender of Labor Laws.

Washington, Jan. 29.-President Will
son has just selected Louis D. Brand
els OF Boston to be associate justice
of the supreme court to succeed the
late Justice Joseph r. Lamar.
Mr.. Brandeis' nomination went to
the senate Friday. 1t was a surprise
everywhere in official circles.
Mr.. Brandeis had not even been
mentioned for the vacancy.
The nomination was sent by the
president to the senate shortly after
1 o'clock and created a sensation
in that chamber, where almost every
democratic member had committed
himself in favor of one candidate or
another for the place.
Senators Startled.
Southern senators who believed the
post would go to some southern jurist
Justice Lamar having come from the
south, were especially startled. Mr..
Brandeis had little political backing.
Brandeis, since his activities in re-
cent years on behalf of the people in
numerous cases involving large cor
porations, has been known as 1.-The
peoples lawyer"
He was born in Louisville, KY, Nov
10, 1856, and was graduated from Har-
ward. While still a young man he
amassed comfortable fortune through
his law practice, some of which was
in the interest of corporations.
Several years ago, when he be-
came satisfied that bic inpnp1p was
sufficient to care for the needs of his
family, he Incorporated his law firm
In Boston and retired from active con-
nection with it's affairs. At the same
time be arranged to divide the in.
come he derived from the law cor
poration equally with his wife, who
is interested in charitable work.
Prominent as Prosecutor.
Freed from connection With his OWL
aw office, Brandeis plunged into vari-
BUS important legal activities. He
won great prominence in the role of
thief prosecutor of Richard Ballinger,
ormer secretary of the interior under
raft,in the famous BallingerPinchot
Brandeis at that time
represented Golfers Weekly.
Brandeis also appeared as counsel |
or the people in defending attacks |
m the constitutionality of women's |
0-hour laws in Oregon and Illinois,
cted as chairman of the board of ar
,itration in the New York garment
workers. strike in 1910.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1916-02-04
PRIMARY LAW HELD VALID.
Minnesota Presidential Preferential
Statute Upheld by State Supreme
Court-Complaint Dismissed.

st. Paul.-The presidential prefer
ence primary law has been upheld
by the safe supreme court as a valid
and constitutional statute. Further,
the court dismissed the action calling
upon Julius A. Schmahl, secretary of
state, to show cause why he should
not accept the filings of Walter N.
Carroll of Minneapolis as a candidate
for delegate to the Republican ma
tional convention and as a candidate
for the nomination for presidential
elector.
The court first upholds Mr.. Schmahl
in refusing to permit Mr.. Carroll to
file as candidate for delegate. The
court recites that when Mr.. Carroll
sought to file as a candidate for dele
gate no person had been filed as
candidate for president and that the
primary law clearly indicates that no
candidate for delegate can file until
there is a candidate for president
whom he can specify in his affidavit
as his choice for president. The court
says it can see no constitutional OBJ
lection to this mode of selecting dele
gates.
In regard to the refusal of the Sec
rotary Of state to accept the Carroll
filing for elector because Mr.. Carroll
refused to take oath that he would
vote in the electoral college for the
choice of this state for president as
expressed in the nominating election
in March the court places a liberal
reading on the meaning of this oath
and sees nothing radically wrong
therein.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1916-02-04
No Action Against Mexico Likely.

Washington, D. c., Jan. 2S-There is
no indication that the United States
government will consider any action
necessary in the case of the two
American soldiers captured by Next
cans near Brownsville, Tex, and re-
turned unframed to their commands,
other than to investigate the incident
and probably court-martial Lieuten-
ants Peyton, Mort and Waldron-the
officers who led the detachment of
soldiers into Mexican territory to res
cue their captured comrades.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1916-02-04
REVEALS THAT POUCHES HAVE
BEEN TREATED IN A MANNER
U. S. CONSIDERS "vExA-
TloUSLY INQUIsIToRIAL."
POINTS OUT THAT STRONG
FEELING is BEING AROUSED
Great Britain Says 1t viii Be Neces-
sary to Consult Her Allies Before
Answering FinaIly-Ambassado
PAGE to Make Formal and
Vigorous Protest.

Washington, Jan. 29.-The text of
the American protest to Great Britain
against interference with neutral
mails, just made public, reveals that
diplomatic and consular pouches have
been treated in a manner the United
States considers ''vexatiously inquisi-
torial''
The note describes the practices of
British officials as ''unwarranted in
references" and, urgently requesting
a prompt reply, points out that "a
strong feeling is being aroused" in
this country by the loss of valuable
letters, while foreign banks are refus-
ing to cash American drafts because
they have no assurances that drafts
are secure in the mails.
Denies Right of Britain.
The United States declares that
parcel post articles are entitled to the
exemptions of neutral trade, and de-
MES the right of Great Britain to take
neutral mail ships into British juris-
diction for purposes of search and
then submit them to local censorship
regulations.
1t also denies that the British gov
eminent has any authority over neu-
trail sealed mails on ships which
merely touch at British ports.
To Consult Her Allies.
With the text of the American note
was made public Great Britain's ad |
interim reply, saying that questions |
Of principle raised by the United |
States have made it necessary for |
Great Britain to consult her allies be-
fore answering finally and indicating
that there will be no unnecessary de-,
lay i'm the negotiations.
The American note is in the .forzn |
Of memorandum to Ambassador |
Page at London instructing him to file
formal and vigorous protest"