davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13

pledge Of continued friendship and
good will.
(c) The terrible war now in pro-
gress is exhausting the strength Of
the combatants. The inconceivable
wreckage and waste of life, treasure,
industry. commerce and intellectual
and moral force are reducing all the
great European powers TO condi-
tion from which they cannot soon
recover. This is a fact and not a
supposition. japan. the only other
power mentioned as a possible an
tagonist, has shown consistent de-
sire TO maintain friendly relations
with our country, and is already
heavily burdened by taxes and an
overwhelming war debt.
.. A policy Of military expansion
on grand scale will commit the
United States to militarism.
True democracy and militarism
are contradictory. The one must
destroy the other.
II is almost impossible TO arrest
a mlitaristic policy when once il is
launched. Fear is added TO fear,
false ideals flourish. international
friendship changes 10 suspicion,
special interests warp the public
mind.
The true greatness of the United
States in international affairs has
not rested upon naval and military
force, hut upon candor. and good
will, high sense Of national honor
and fundamental Justice.
3. The great war is abundant
proof that great armaments are not
a protection against attack. In the
hands of a militaristic administra-
ton they may be a fertile cause Of
Continued on Page Eight
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
FROM OUR MAIL BAG

Dear Editor: Once a student in
the Vocational, Foundation and Nor
NAL departments of Berea College
and now a soldier and long dis
tance from home and home people,
who are very dear TO me, wish to
keep i'm touch with them through
your columns. Enclosed please find
one dollar for same. Wishing you
a very successful year, remain,
Very respectfully,
James r. Caudill,
Co. II. 2ist Inf. Vancouver, Wash.
This letter is a sample OF the
many that have come to this Office
since January 1. The above wish is
being realized as we have added
more than three hundred new names
to our mailing list this new year:
more than thirty a day. You are not
in il If YOU are not subscriber of
The Citizen. Come on, don't squeeze
that eagle till il "hollers." II will
stay by you better IL invested in
your home paper.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
TESTIF|ES ON
DEFENSE PLAN
Maj. Gen. Scott FaVors UnI-
versal Military Service.
ARMY OF 100000 NEEDED
Head Of v. s. Army Tells House Com
mittee Compulsory Drill For All
Citizens From ts to II 10 Solution
For Nations Defense.

Washington, Jan. 11.-Universal
military service in some form in the
United States, possibly the require
ment that al men between 1S and 21
be given at least six months training.
as a substitute for the volunteer sys-
TEN was discussed before the house
military committee by Major General
Scott, chief Of staff OF the army.
General Scott told the committee
that the United States would need an
army of nearly two million men In
the event Of war. II developed dur
ing the hearing that there are more
than four million men in the country
between the ages OF eighteen and
twenty-one and that 100000 more
reach the age OF eighteen annually.
Short Of a universal requirement,
General Scott thought the administra-
tons continental army plan offered
the most workable solution of the ma
tons military problems. II the plan
failed. he said, there was no escape
from compulsory service.
Every country in Europe, he added,
realized the truth of this, and England
might better have realized II sooner.
With military service imposed on men
between eighteen and twenty-one as
q patriotic duty with nominal pay, he
thought 1t would cost the nation no
more for an adequote force than to
maintain its present establishment.
General Scotts statement that the
country would need an army OF near
ly two million in event of war. was
questioned by Representative An
thony, who asked II Il would not be a
physical impossibility for any power
to land 100000 men In the United
Sixties in a period short of sixty days.
Citing a table prepared by the war
college division of the general stan,
General Scott said Austria Hungary
had the ships and men to send a
force OF 72.000 in a first expedition
and 100000 In a second within sixty
days.
what would become of the H.
000?" Representative Anthony asked.
The general said that II they were
we'll established. with adequate big
guns, they would be hard to dislodge
before reinforcements arrived.
General Scott disclosed that the
war department had prepared esti-
mates for six big mobile coast defense
guns of caliber probably greater than
~ inches. to be fired from railroad
cars or hauled on their own carriages
by motor trucks.
The committee will resume its hear
ings next Wednesday with Major Gen.
eral Bliss. assistant chief Of stan,
on the stand.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
Shoes and Roads

This is the time OF year when see the value of
good shoes and good roads,
Without these folks have to stay at home-there
be meetings going to school, and visits,
almost of from the and the post Office, like
woodchuck in his hole
This is not the time of year to make roads, but is
the time OF year take of roads After every rain
should look out for repairing the road where begins
wash and when the road is soft should avoid driv
ing it with heavy loads. These simple things,
but they attended to il will affect schools and meet
ings, and good feelings among neighbors.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
LOOK FOR END OF !
LUSITAN|A CASE
Berlin Expected TO 0. K. Agree
mont With Ambassador.
DRAFT OF NOTE IS GIVEN


ATTACK on Liner and VIII Express
Willingness to Make Full Repara.
tIon For Lives Lost.
Washington, Jan. 11.-Formal set
tlement Of the Lusitania controversy
probably will be reached before the
end OF this week. All that remains
Is for the Berlin foreign Office to ap-
prove tentative understanding which
has been reached at a conference be-
tween Secretary OF State Lansing and
Count Won Bernstorff, the German am.
bassador.
That this approval will be given and
that the demand itself will be en-
bodied In formal note from Ger
many to the United States is conf
IDENTIFY predicted in state department
circles and in quarters close to the
German embassy. The note, II is
said, will take the form of q reply
to the American note to Germany of
July 21, 1915.
According to the draft which Count
Won Bernstorff sent to his government
Germany would give the satisfaction
demanded by the United States in
the following way:
F1rst-The imperial German gov
ernment will again express its deep
regret over the killing Of the 110
American men, women and children.
who lost their lives when the liner
was torpedoed without warning By Q
German submarine.
Second-lt Will express entire will
lingness to make reparation for the
lives DESTROYED, the details OF In
identification to be adjusted on a
basis satisfactory to both govern
ments.
Third-lt will admit that the attack
on the Lusitania was an illegal act,
but one which was a reprisal under.
taken against the unlawful actions OF
Great Britain In prociaiming her or
der In council and proceeding to
starve out the non-combatant popula-
ton OF Germany
Fourth-ln reference to the de-
mands OF the United States In Its
note or July Il for assurances again
repetition OF the attack on the Lusi-
tanla, germany, IL ID UNDERSTOOD, VIII
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
HEAVY LOSSES
FORCE QUIET
Battle on BeSsarabIan Front
BIOOdi0St In War.
HARD FIGHT ON SADARGARA

Austro-Hunsarian Army 10 Report.
ed Falling Back Before smashes
Of Russian ForeeseTeutons More
Successful In Monteneorin Drive.
London, Jan. 11.-That the Aus.
tro-Hungarian army, which has been
falling back steadily before the
smashes of the Russian forces on the
Bessarabian front In Galicia. tempo
rarily is demoralized, as asserted by
the Petrograd official statement. part
ly is borne out by the Hungarian
newspaper Poster Lloyd, which states
that the losses on both sides SO far
exceed 176.000 men.
Another Hungarian newspaper
states. on the authority of q staff re-
port, that the fighting on this front
has been the bitterest and bloodiest
In the history of the war.
The comparative quiet that pre-
vailed on this front was due to these
losses and the reported demoraliza-
ton Of the Austrians by the Russian
forces.
In Champagne the French have re-
pulsed four German attacks. The
Germans. however, have retained a
foothold at two places in the French
advanced trenches.
In Persia. British reinforcements
on their way to the relief Of Kut-el-
Amara have met Turkish forces
which were compelled to retire after
some heavy fighting.
The Salonica front is chiefly notable
in the days dispatches as the scene
of almost continued aeroplane skirm-
ishes. one Of which continued for two
hours. The Germans have thus far
lost six aeroplanes in this region.
Several lengthy dispatches have
been received here giving details OF
the recent operations in eastern Cali
cia, which were 80 meagerly described
in the official reports. According to
these dispatches the Russians, after
artillery preparation which showed
there was not longer any shortage of
their big gun ammunition. started an
offensive which caused the Austro-
Germans to rush every available d.
vision to Galicia.
Czernowitz is still In the possession
Of the Austrians and is filled with
wounded. but the Russians apparent
ly directing their main attack against
Sadargora, north of the Bukowina
capital where five important roads
converge.
In the Balkans reports persist that
the Germans are concentrating at
Monastir preparatory to an attack on
Salonica, but the interest in the Mace
donia campaign has become second.
airy to the operations OF the Austrians
In Montenegro. A determined attack
is being made on Mount Lovcen,
Montenegrin stronghold overlooking
Cattaro bay, by the guns Of the Aus
trian fortress at Cattaro and Austrian
warships lying In the Adriatic.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
CONTENTS

PAGEi. Editorials; II Pays to Trav-
ell. Shoes and Stockings.-A plea
for Peace.--Our Own State News
United States Ncws.-World
and War News.
PAGE 2. University Column.-Col-
lege Column.-Academy Column,
Normal Column. 80 Vocational
Column.-FOundation Column.
PAGE 3. Serial: Lahoma.-Interna-
tional Sunday School Lesson.
PAGE 4. Locals.
PAGE S. Local News.-Literature
for the Rural Schools,
PAGE 6. Mountain Agriculture
Lime for Agricultural Purposes.
Program Conway Improve
ment Club Cincinnati Markets.
Home Department.-Dear House
keepers Who Read The Citizen.
Child Labor Day Popular
Young Folks Department.
PAGE7. Public Land Sale.
PAGE 8. East Kentucky News
Poem: Pasture Lands.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
Succeeds Booker T. Washington

Major Robert r. Motion, who sue
ceeds Booker T. Washington as head
of the great colored school at Tus-
kegee, Ala, has been for many years
"Commandant Of Cadets" and general
executive officer at. Hampton Insti-
tute in Virginia. He has also been
a vigorous and effective speaker in
behalf of the progress OF the negro
race both north and south, and is in
all ways fitted for the great work be-
fore him.
DR.. w. d. WeatherfOrd of Nash
vile. Tenn says Of him, ut would be
worth a trip to Hampton just to
know Major Motion"
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
One Man Killed and Another
Wounded In Sunday Row.

Another victim was added To- Gar
rard County's list of murdered on
last Sunday when Ebb Ballard,
youngest son of George Ballard, was
shot and supposed to be beaten TO
death and left TO lie in a ditch by
the roadside where the shooting
took place. a short distance from
White Lick, at about 1000 o'clock
Sunday morning. His companion,
Wilson, a son of George Wilson, re-
eeived wounds inflicted by the shot
gun with which Ballard was killed,
The supposed men who did the
shooting were Frank VanWinkle
and his younger brother, who are
still at large.
The unfortunate man was found
late in the afternoon after water had
run over his body for several hours
i'm a dying condition and was taken
TO Berea where he died at the home
of his sister on Boone street. The
burial took place Tuesday afternoon.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
FORD'S PARTY BREAKS UP
Delegates Are Instructed to Spread
Peace Propaganda.

The Hague (via London). Jan. IL
The Ford peace party has begun to
break up. Most of the students have
left for Rotterdam. in charge OF
Chaperon Watkins, of the business
staff. They will sail on the Noordam.
Previous to their departure the stu
dents were instructed to spread peace
propaganda at their respective uni
versities and to hold public meetings
to counteract the alleged false news.
paper reports.
The Netherlands are in favor OF
peace, but they do not approve of the
Ford expedition because of its many
mistakes They think congress OF
neutrals possible. IL the Fordites are
not connected with II.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13

There is no place like home.
So all believe and vet never know how good
home is until we have been away.
And know how to improve things at home
until have the things in other places with which
to make comparison.
Seeing one thing is not enough. When two
things and compare them begin to study and think.
The man who travels finds that there differ
ent ways of doing things He finds that in things
his house. his team his arm better than other peoples
and in things they not good. This gives him
a chance to improve.
1t is hardship to travel, but when you get home
from the journey you have something to think about the
rest of your life. If pays to travel
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13

There are people who would like
10 have their names in the local col
umn each week and yet they be-
grudge the dollar that the paper
costs on which IL must be printed
Every home in Berea should have
The Citizen il for nothing more than
10 keep up public spirit and loyalty
TO your town. We spend not lit
tie money and effort in boosting
your business and making your town
a good place in which 10 live. Come
on and be like other folks in other
places where the value Of the home
paper is appreciated.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13

The College Departmental page is
a splendid feature this week. Every
student in the College Department
may see his name this issue. Fifty
years hence your grandchildren
will be glad TO read about you away
back there when you were col
lege student at Berea.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
KANSAS DEATH RATE LOW
Registrar Of Vital Statistics Gives
Reason For Record Made.

Topeka, Kas., Jan. 1l.-"Kansas,
with a rate OF 9s in each 1000 popu-
lation. has the lowest death rate OF
any state In the Union, because the
people do not drink liquor; because
they have money enough to live right,
and because they have the intellig-
ence 10 read OF the conditions that
make for short lives and know how TO
dodge them"
That is the answer Of w. j. St Dea-
con. registrar OF the Kansas vital sta
tistics bureau, TO Samuel l.. Rogers,
director OF the United States bureau
of census. The government official
wrote TO Mr.. Deacon, demanding an
explanation OF why the Kansas death
rate happened 10 be so low.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
WILSON WON'T NAME NEGRO
In Appointing Recorder Of Deeds Of
District OF Columbia.

District OF Columbia.
Washington, Jan. 11.-President
Wilson let It be known that he will
not nominate a negro as recorder OF
deeds Of the District OF Columbia.
That Office. which has been filled by
a negro for many years, has been va
cant for eighteen months and the Ma
tional Negro Democratic league, head
ed by Bishop Walters, of the Third
district OF the A. NJ. f. church, has
urged the appointment Of a negro.
The president indicated to Bishop
Walters. however, that II would be
impossible for him to give the post
to a negro, but that in consideration
of this he would look with favor on
the suggestion Of the appointment OF
colored men TO several positions in
the department.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
Daily Thought.

A noble man cannot be indebted for
his culture TO a narrow circle. The
world and his native land must act on
him.-Goethe.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
A PLEA FOR PEACE
A Memorial to the Members Of the

A Memorial to the Members Of the
Senate and House OF Representa-
tives Of the United States Of
America from the Relig-
ious Society Of Friends
Of Pennsylvania, New
Jersey, Delaware and
Parts of Maryland.
In view Of the present agitation
and propaganda for a large increase
in the military and naval strength
OF our country, the Society OF
Friends. through its Representative
Body, respectfully presents To you
the following memorial:
4. Advocates Of preparedness
urge national defense as the only
justification for their program. Ag-
gressive warfare by the United
States is inconceivable. unless the
temper Of the people is changed by
the existence Of greater armaments.
II Is our conviction that:
(a) We are already defended geo.
graphically by two oceans. by an un-
fortified northern boundary Of three
thousand miles that has proved a
sure guarantee Of peace for GEN.
tury. and by southern frontier
where self-restraint and magnani-
nous patience have maintained
peace in the face Of extreme provo
cation.
(bl The citizens Of the United
States are a composite people of
many racial strains. We are con-
nected so intimately by ties Of blood
and sympathy with all the nations
Of the old world that public opinion
would make a war with any Of the
great powers practically impossible.
These international bonds are a
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
IN OUR OWN STATE
Moonshine Still

II has been discovered that Alex
Helten, who lives on Indian Creek,
near the famous Dishman Springs,
has had in operation a distillery
that was not registered under the
laws Of the United States, and that
no man has ever had the pleasure TO
boast that he was the gauger Of this
concern.-Mt Advocate.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
URGE HELP FOR MONTENEGRO
italian Press Demands Government
Assums Defense Of Country.

Rome. Jan. 1.-THE Italian press
is significantly urging that the gov
eminent assume the control and dc
Continued on Page Eishp
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
Father of a Children Dies

Uncle Henry Terrell, age rs, died
at his home on Meadow Creek last
Monday night after short illness
of pneumonia.
Mr.. Terrell was the father of q
children, II Of whom are now living,
and was a member of one of the
largest and most respected families
in this county.
His cheerful, helpful life; his
devotion TO his family and kindness
to everybody will linger as a fra
grant memory in the house which
his presence frightened and which
death has now darkened.
Though he is gone his reward has
been made and will remain with us
as a lasting treasure.
The funeral services were conduct
ed Wednesday after which his re-
mains were laid TO rest in Flat
Creek Williamsburg Re
publican.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
Acquitted of Murder.

j. NJ. Hines, Of Estill County. was
freed of the murder Of George Horn
on peremptory instruction in the Cir
cult Court today here. The evidence
was held TO be too circumstantial.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
Berea Store Burglarized

Tuesday night, evidently amateur
burglars entered the store of J. b.
Richardson on Main street. They
gained access by cutting a small hole
in the window glass near the fasten-
er unlocking the same and climbing
over the lower sash as evidenced by
the tracks. The exit was made by
the back door which was left aiar.
The amount Of loot cannot be deter
mined definitely.
A lively chase with the dogs be-
longing to V. G. Mullikin Of Lexing-
ton began at one o'clock Wednesday
A number Of trails were traced but
no particular clue 20 the robbers
was made. A most pleasing spirit
was shown by the business men in
making up a purse which more than
betrayed the expense Of the chase.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
Two Persons Burned.

Mrs. Ira Holiday Of Hazard was
seriously burned when her clothes
caught fire from the flame of an oil
stove. She ran from her house into
the street where r. p. Combs, county
clerk. happened to he who beat out
the flames. Mr.. Combs was painfully
burned but saved Mrs. Holidays
life.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-01-13
Church Fight on at Owensboro

A dissension among the members
Of the Zion Evangelical Church Of
Owensboro caused a division at the
annual business meeting of the con-
gregation. An effort TO discharge
the pastor on the part OF one faction
resulted in failure. The ultimate re-
suit remains still in doubt. The ma
jority stood pat for the pastor Mr..
Crete, the pastor, declares that he
will not resign.
Big Blaze in Lexington Cost 500, 900.
The beautiful Ben Ali theater
stage was gutted by fire early Tues
day morning. The large asbestos
curtain saved the auditorium from
total destruction, but the decorations
were damaged badly by smoke and
water. The insurance carried on the
entire building is Si05,0O0 which
will protect the loss by fire. The fire
was developed from an unknown ori-
gin. The building will be restored
to its original beauty as soon as con-
tracts can be let.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1916-08-15

Herman Nielsen. candidate Tor
county commissioner from the
south district. addressed the mem.
beers Of the Bolo cub yesterday Al
the Good Eats cafeteria. upon IN
ytatlon 81 itH members
Nelson explained his reason TOT
running for '.is office was 10
eliminate the "nLdssirableH who
are being taken care OF by inc
present administration for political
purposes.
III elected" be said, Il will re-
move all road supervisors In my
district, and substitute therefor
ONE superintendent OF roads for
ihe entire district
4 will endeavor TO contract WIN
formers for the dragging Of all dirt
and gravel roads, thereby inEurlng
uniform grade at minimum ek'
peuse
Il Will fire act diess and useless
river inspectors. superintendent
OF parks. with no parks 20 super
intend. three right OF way agents,
and all the other dead timber. "
Nielsen and -. a. Morrison spoke
u an enthusiastic audience OF tax.
rayers at Aigoaa last evening.
Dr. Fannie Leake Cummings and
vida Hamilton speak at a meet.
ing Of ladies' IN Kent this after
noon IN behalf OF Nelson's candi
dacV.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1916-08-15
HEAD OF D. A. R.
VISITOR HERE
Unveils Memorial Boulder
in Court House
Square
PARADE THRU STREETS

Mrs William Cummings Story
president general Of the Daughters
Of the American Revolution. ar.
rived In Seattle late Monday night
to attend conference OF the
Washington CHAPTERS.
Tuesday. AT 80. Mrs Story un-
vciled memorial boulder. which
Is placed in the Court House
square At 3rd and Jefferson. to
commemorate the battle 81 Seattle
In 1856. Tho master OF the after.
moons ceremonies was Ofisoa
ngtton. president OF the Washing.
ton State society. Sons OF the
American Revolution The prinei.
pal speaker was W r. Thompson.
Who. in his address. outlined the
history OF the state. dwelling par.
tlenlarly on the period between
$40 and 1856.
Boys Furnish Music
Music, patriotic and classic. was
furnished hy the boys from the
Parental Home on Mercer Island.
Before tho unwilling exercises
an automobile parade moved thru
ist and End avenues. carrying the
seatfl. chapter Of D. a r. The
parade vas led by Mrs Story and
Mira Eliza Ferrf i.eary. who IN
vice president general. snd the
hostess OF Mrs story during her
visit TO Seattle
Mira. Story Is now serving her
second term AS PRESIDENT general
81 tho Daughters Of the American
Revolution. She is accompanied
on her trip By Miss Florence
Finch. chairman Of the magazine
committee. and Mrs. George
Squircs. who Is state regent for
Minnesota.
Wednesday will be given over TO
conference business. and Thursday
the party will motor TO Olympia.
where they will DO guests at a re.
ception given by Governor and
Mrs Ernest Lister