davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12
C|L|C|AN PLAIN A COCKPIT
WHERE ARMIES CLASHED
Historic Place of Remote Past Nav
Become a Great Com.
mercial Port.

One of the historic places of the re-
mote past that may yet be destined
to range itself alongside of Bagdad
and Mesopotamia in present. day inter-
est is the Cilician plain, small ter
ritory ranged around the extreme
northeastern corner of the Mediter-
ranean sea
1t was to har5or on it's coast,
AleAandretta. that German capital
turned for an outlet for the Bagdad
railroad when checkmated in it's de-
sire to reach the Persian gulf; and it
was here that the Germans were be-
ginning to build a modern commercial
port in the near east before the Euro
pean war broke out
In statement prepared today by the
National Geographical Society," whose
headquarters are in. this city, a striking
picture is drawn of the historic plain.
Flanked by High Mountains.
"A glance at the map OF the Mediter-
the t7uff of Alexandretta is a deep in
dentation in the extreme northeastern
coast of that sea. Thanking it Oh either
sue a. 81 ranges, Funnln e
back from the waters edge into the
deep interior of Asia Minor. Many
miles to the north of tho narrow gulf
these ranges come together, and the
triangle thus formed is watershed
drained by three historic rivers, which
once borne the classic names of Sarus,
Cydnus and Pyramus
Through the ages that have coursed
down the sides of the Taurus Anti
Taurus and Amamus mountains they
have brought down the weathered ma :
have built up at the head of the gulf a
magnificent alluvial plain of about 500
square miles.
Once Great Crossroads.
This little plain was once the cross
roads of civilization. through which
ran the great highway between the
east and the west on which stood Tar
sus. Adana and Mopsuestia. This grea.
highway. descending from the Ana
tolian plateau to Tarsus, was built
through narrow defile called Ghulek
Baghaz Farther to the east 1t passed
through masonry gate before enter
Ing the plain of Issus. From this lat
ter plain one road extended south and
another north. each Of them throuR
giant masonry gates.
1T is thought to have been due to the
fact that Alexander knew nothing of
the pass to the north that Darius was
able to cross the mountains prior to
the battle of Issua. From those times
onward the Cilician gates figured in
history, and the Cilician plain became a
cockpit in which armies strove for
mastery
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12

MONDAY.
Infantry and artillery actions renewed
on the Isonzo front, despite heavy SHOWS.
TUESDAY.
Artillery actions of desultory character.
WEDNESDAY,.
Italians extend line of occupation be-
tween two Tofana peaks. Progress in
middle Isonzo valley and in Zagora sec
tor is claimed.
THURSDAY.
Italians keep up heavy fire on krn and
Tyrol fronts and in Rombou sector.
Friday.
In the vicinity of Castillo Dante. in the
Lagarina valley. and from Citerna, in the
valley. to Luserna. in the
Alto D'Astico; on the EezZana height, in
the Val D'Assa. as welf' as at Morter. in
the Val Sugana. there were several small
actions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12
NEAR EAST CAMPAIGN.
Chronological Events.
SCNDAY

Russians, continuing pursuit of the
Turks. occupy village of Maprava. be-
tween Atina and Ria.
Petrograd announces capture of
Atina March -. on Black sea coast
east of Trebizond.
MONDAY.
Occupation of Bagdad by the Rus
slams is reported near.
Reports declare Russians massacred
hundreds of Turks after capture of
Bitlis.
Gen. Aylmer engages Turkish troops
along the Tigris in vicinity of Nasria.
TUESDAY.
Turks claim check for British. who
seek to advance on Felasia, in the
Mesopotamia region.
British claim to have dispersed Turks
north Of Nasiriyeh.
Russians continue to lombard Black
sea coastal points.
WEDNESDAY,
Russians capture Ria, on the Black
sea, and Selma, north of kermanshah,
in Persia.
great destruction to Turkish Black sea
ports and defenses.
Gen. Aylmer attacks Essnn but fails
to dislodge enemy.
THURSDAY.
Petrograd categorically denies Tur-
key has asked for separate peace with
Russia.
FRIDAY
Russian forces operating on the Black
sea press toward Trebizond from Ria.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12
Permanent Fund Proposed.

1.-The w omen of the Hour of Wash
ington were organized January % to
create permanent fund to be raised
by small weekly money donation from
the housekeepers' table. The members
of the Sisterhood OF the Washington He
brew Congregation. the Council of Jew
ish Women, the Ladies' Auxiliary of
the Adas Israel Congregation. the
Ladies' Auxiliary of the Hebrew Home
for the Aged and the Young Women's
not affiliated with any organization
were asked to join the Women of the
Hour
1T should not be difficult to visualize
the horrors which are going on in Eu-
rope when seated at a dinner table in
company of the family loved ones Nor
should any mother as she puts her dear
little ones to bed and is reasonably GER
tain that they will be safe through the
night forget that at this minute moth
ers are clasping starving babes in their
arms and weeping over them because
they cannot keep them alive.
"Twenty-fiv cents weekly is not
much to give in view of these terrible
demands. The Jews have prided them
selves on being able to take care OF
their own. But in the face of this aw-
full calamity the Women of the Hour
of Washington will gratefully accept
any such weekly contribution from any
mother who feels the call to put food
in the mouths of these unfortunates."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12
WESTERN ARENA.
Chronological Events.
SUNDA Y.

SUNDAY.
Germans forced back in terrible at
tacks between Fort Douaumont and
Haudremont.
French claim to hold outskirts of
Douaumont.
Heavy artillery engagements along
whole semi-circle to the east of YER
dun.
Germans evacuate positions taken
from the French in the forest of Thia-
vile in Lorraine.
Intense big gun action in regions of
Haudomont and Fresnes.
Germans said to be striving to take
Fort Tavannes. northeast of Verdun.
MONDAY.
French claim check of German at
tempt to advance along the Meuse east
of Vacherauvilie.
Germans capture village of FORCES.
Teutonic attacks at Cote de L'Oie re-
ported repulsed.
Germans occupy section of French
trench near Maisons de Champagne.
French blow up German post near
Courtes Chaussees in the Argonne.
Leveling of Forts Devaux, Moulain-
vile and De Tavannes by Germans is
reported.
TUESDAY.
Germans claim capture of Fresnes in
the Woevre.
German division captures Hill 2Go.
near Regneville.
Reports received that British troops
and artillery are cooperating at Yer
dun.
Germans penetrate French redoubt in
region of Douaumont.
German iron jaws reported to be
swiftly closing in on Verdun.
Lott tn hsaNy
miles of French territory below Beth
incourt.
French claim to have recaptured
trenches near Maisons de Champagne.
WEDNESDAY,.
Germans claim capture of Fort Vaux
and the village of the same name.
Paris reports repulse of vicious at
tacks.
French claim to have checked ad-
vances OF Germans in Bethincourt re-
gion.
Berlin claims capture of French po
sitions four miles in length and two
miles deep north, of Verdun.
French drive Teutons out Of large Sec
ton of Corbeaux wood.
Germans recapture Hardaumont re-
doubt east Of the Mouse.
Crown prince reported to be bringing
up 100000 fresh men at Verdun.
Germans report capture of Regneville.
French retake trench near Seppois, in
Upper Alsace.
Metz-Sablons railway station bonn
barded by French.
THURSDAY.
Crisis reported reached in battle of
Verdun.
French claim more gains, but Ber-
lin reports reverses for enemy in Cor
beauX woods.
French lombard enemy defensive or
PLANTATIONS west Of Navarin. east Of
Butte de Mesnel in the Champagne.
Fierce aerial battles are fought at
several points around Verdun.
Germans claim capture of Ablain
wood and admit French have re-
gained foothold in Fort Vaux.
FRIDAY.
Germans retake part of village Of
Vaux.
Germans claim capture of 1.400 yards
of trenches near Ville-au Bois, near
Rheims.
Intense artillery fire in all Verdun
sectors continues
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12
SCARCITY OF SEAFOOD NOTED.
Dealers. However. Expect Increase
of Supplies the Coming Week

According to the dealers in fish at
the wholesale wharf market, foot of
18th street southwest, there has been
no increase in the receipts of seafood,
but they arc hoping with the coming of
good weather on the coast there will be
an increase in the supply this week.
Yesterday. according to the records
of the wharfmasters Office, the bulk of
the fish supply received consisted of
three barrels of bass and 500 shad from
southern waters. There were no her
ring to amount to anything, and only
a few of other varieties of fish. Fish
ermen are setting out their nets along
the Potomac, and 10 there are any fish
in the river they win be caught, it is
claimed. and the supply on the market
augmented.
Within the next ten days shad and
herring should appear in the Potomac,
and this will ada to the local supply of
fresh fish. as two big haul seines are
now ready for the 1sh az soon as they
come.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12
EASTERN ARENA.
Chronological Events.
SUNDAY.

SUNDAY.
Russians demo!ish German barri-
cades on the Dniester near Zamuschime
Russians occupy advanced German
trench near Cscieczko. in the Mikhalt-
chic region.
German attacks on Alssevich and
kroschime reported repulsed.
MONDAY
Russ artillery demolishes German
trenches south of Lake Babit in Riga
sector.
Fighting for mine craters goes on
near Illoukst.
TUESDAY.
Russians report repulse of all Ger
man attempts to occupy craters near
flloukst.
Germans FALL back before Russian
advance south of the Poniawesch rail-
road.
Teutons twice repulsed near Clyka
Slavs check German advance in the
upper Stripa region.
WEDNESDAY.
Berlin claims repulse of Russian at
tacks everywhere.
German aeros attack railway estab-
lishments on Misok line and enemy
troops in Mir.
THURSDAY
Russians repulse Germans east of
koslow, with heavy losses.
FRIDAY
People of CZernowitz reported fleeing
in anticipation of Russian attack.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12
FRENCH DEFENSE OF T1AUMONT !
HEROIC EPISODE OF THE WAR.
Correspondent Tells How Germans Adj
vanced, Line After Line, Under With
ering Fire of Machine Guns.

PARIS, March 1.-THE story of the
defense of Haumont, one Of the heroic
episodes of the struggle around the
fortress of Verdun. as told to the AS
ISOLATED Press by a participant. reveals
how French soldiers died on the spot
under the concentrated fire of heavy
artillery and the shock of the masses
of infantry in order to gain time for
the reserves to come up.
1.-The Germans concentrated their fire
on Haumont at the outset, said the
eyewitness. They must have suspected
that it would be the center of our re-
sistance. They undertook by systemat-
ic destruction to prepare for the cap
ture of the place without too much
loss to the infantry when they had
taken Haumont woods.
Every passage. every ravine. every
clearing and every crossroad that could
serve us was swept by a devastating
fire. The effect of the Smelling was
such that. little by little. our advanced
lines weakened, and at O'Clock on the
evening of February p the Haumont
woods were invaded.
Germans Forge Ahead.
THE troops defending il resisted
stoutly and won local successes. but
the Germans came on, line after line.
in increasing density. The Smelling,
which all night was so intense that it
was impossible to counter attack, In
creased in fury at o'clock in the
morning, when projectiles searched
every yard of ground, felled trees and
demolished houses.
ut seemed to US that the maximum
destructive power of the cannon had
been exercised already. but at O'Clock
the seeming impossible was surpassed.
The prodigality of German ammunition
redoub1ed and the men on watch in the
advanced positions saw the German in
fantry attack the trenches in Consen-
voye woods with trench mortars. while
detachments descended the Haumont
ravine. marching toward the western
edge of Haumont woods.
Caught between the German shells
and our own curtain of fire in front OF
the village, it was impossible for us &c
move either ahead Or in the rear. We
were cut off from all communication
the telephone and telegraph wires hav-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12
TEUTONS WEARY OF WARFARE.
DECLARES LORD NORTHCLIFFE
British Publisher Says Capture of Verdun
Will Not Open Way to Paris-Visits
Great Battlefield.
Twenty Big Shells a Minute.

presently. | am convinced. strike oui
by sea-.
Day of Horrible Slaughter.
Turning to the actual fighting at Yer.
dun. Lord Northcliffe says:
Not a. word is limited in anything
sent out from Germany of the horrible
slaughter to which the German troops
have been subjected this week. Thurs
day was black day for Germans.
when. druSged with ether. the men
came on in mass formation. to be mown
down by the French s5s and machine
guns, as usual.
Reports published in the English
newspapers from Paris are to my per-
sonal knowledge on the whole most ac-
curate. and they show that for one or
bling with human life to an extent un.
precedented even in this war
Gunners not Equal.
Baron Northcliffe asserts that IF tho
Germans possess number of guns of
greater caliber than those used by the
English and French. they have no
weapons in their army equal to the
French IS, or gunners at all compare
BILE to the Frenchmen"
Discussing the western theater as a
whole. Lord Northcliffe says that the
allied defensive wall right across
France. in SO far attaining any
definite military position is concerned.
is also utterly impregnable. This re-
mark may equally apply to the German
line across France and Belgium"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12
ASEPTIC FIBER PLANT BURNS.
Chattanooga Concern Working Night
and Day on Army Orders.

CHATTANOOGA, Tenn, March IL
The large plant of the Chattanooga
Aseptic Cotton Company was COM
pletely Quilted by fire of unknown orr
gin, which started in the dry room. this
morning. The plant has been in opera
ton night and day for several months
with a big order for medicated cotton
for the European allies. The estimated
value of the plant is $4,000. II was in
sured for $4,000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12
.BONDHOLDERS FILE BRIEFS.
Argument Dispensed With in $20,'
600. 900 Suit Against Railroad.

TOLEDO. Ohio. March 11.-Argument
was dispensed with and briefs filed to-
day In the United States district court
in the suit against the Toledo. ST. Louis
and Western Railroad Company. in
volving more than $20.000.O00. The
briefs were upon the application of the
Central Trust Company. New York city.
to foreclose on, s11.577, 200 worth of un-
derlying securities. and that of L. e..
Merrill ct al, to foreclose on their lien
of 100000. 4 decision will prob.
ably be announced next week.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12
BOATS OF GDATSK|NS
PART OF WORLD NANES
Ancient Mesopotamian Kelek Now
Turned to Purposes
Of War.

All kinds of SHIPS of war and OF COM
merce Nave been pressed into service
in the great European conflict. There
are oversee boats. on-the-water boats
and undersea boats: there are super
dreadnaughts, battle cruisers and dis
guiSed commerce raiders: there are
great ocean greyhounds that yester-
day were floating palaces of the ocean.
carrying the wealth and beauty OF
civilization on their migrations across
the sea. but that today are grim Ravens
of suffering. where the wall of pain
and the shrek of anguish have SUBJ
stituted the carnival of music and the
sound of mirtl.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12
Destitution in Palestine.

1.-The Jews of Palestine are also desti-
tute. The relief food ship Vulcan. how
ever sent by the Jews of America. and
monthly allowance also sent from
here has helped to ease the situation
considerably.
ITO Austria Hungary and Galicia
$500 has been sent since the tag
day collection. The Jews Of America are
nobly responding. Close to $3.000.000
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12

ing been literally hashed by the SMELL
ing. Our men. installed in what re-
NAMED of the defense works on the
two TANKS and in front of the village,
waited stoically under a storm OF gat-
ling fire for the attack.
Twenty Big Shells Minute.
From ten big shells per minute at
10 O'Clock. the number went to twenty
ate o'clock Ruins piled on ruins. yet
in the midst of the inferno our men
preserved remarkable placidity.
THE village had seemed to sink into
the earth. while the concrete redoubt
on which we had counted crumbled and
buried eighty men End several machine
guns and destroyed our ammunition
depot. Still no one budged. What We
then held was nothing more than
RACED village. with the earth upheaveh
and transformed into a series of crew
ices devoid of shelter. The only thing
resisting was the redoubt occupied by
our colonel
AT . pm German battalion ad-
vanced in three columns simultaneous
ly from the east. the north and the
northwest Those of our men surviving
arose TO meet this enveloping maneu-
YER The machine guns that were still
intact were fired with maximum speed.
making holes i'm the enemy's ranks and
oblieing the German left to stop be-
fore our barbed wire.
Their center and right. however.
came on. and what was left of our force
retired to new trenches southeast Of
Haumont, while machine guns deci-
mated our assailants. who had succeed
ed in advancing from the north and
the northwest.
Germans Too Numerous.
But they were too numerous. They
got into the hollow OF the village and
took the colonels post in the rear. set
ting fire to the redoubt by liquid flames
projected through cellar window.
The colonel and his staff. who had
grabbed rifles and were being aided by
the survivors. were on the point of
being captured or being burned alive.
They came out of the redoubt with
heads erect and marched through the
calling fire of the machine guns. The
colonel was untouched and the retreat
was accomplished without further loss.
with the machine guns left intact
we made another stand and barred the
road to the Germans from the Samog-
neux ravine. to the south of HoVau-
mont. and the fight went on"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12

has been raised since January /. The
Presidents proclamation and tag day
helped. The problem is enormous. More
than 5000, 900 persons are destitute. 1t
is urgent that some plan for 4 per-
manent relief fund be evolved which
will provide a steady income as long
as the need remains. Six million nom
Jews of Russia. who have had to flee
upon the approach of the enemy. are
also starving md wandering, so needs
of the Jews could not be supplied by
either the Russians in Russia or by the
Germans in the So-called German
Poland. 1t seems to be up to America
to help
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12
Transport Sails for Cristotal.

GALVESTON. T9A.. March 1.-THE
United States Army transport kiipat-
rick sailed today for cristobal with
about 500 men of the 4th Ficld Artil-
lery.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12
Kelek Strangest of All.

But strangest of all the kinds OF
floating equipment that the war has
drafted into service is the kelek. De-
scribing this strange boat. the Ma
tional Geographic Society. with head
quarters here. says:
The kelek is probably one of the
earliest forms of water transportation
used by our ancestors in Asia. 1t con-
sists of goatskins inflat ted with air, tied
beneath a framework Of light poles.
Often as many as eight hundred such
skins are used to give the boat the de-
sired buoyancy.
The cargo is loaded on to the kelek
just as though it were a fiat bottomeu
barge. after which the craft begins it's
journey down the Tigris or the
Euphrates propelled or guided by oars.
When ii reaches it's journeys end II is
broken up and sold as skins and tim.
her
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12
"Women of the Hour" Invite
Contributions From All
Who Sympathize.
MILLIONS ARE HOMELESS
IN SNOW-COyERED RUSSIA
Mothers With Babes in Arms, Chill
dren and Old Men, Wanderers
in Cold. y.

In Washington a group of sympathet-
ic women have banded themselves to-
gether under the title, Women of the
Hour to raise a fund for the support
of Jews outcast by the war who have
no friendly country to receive them.
There are more than three million
of these destitute wanderers.
BY small weekly contributions made
by the housekeepers and mothers who
daily realize. as they see their own
loved ones about the table. the anguish
and suffering among the war-driven
Jews. it is hoped to raise sufficient re-
lief All of the organizations of Jewish
women in the District have been asked
to cooperate. While the Jewish people
have always prided themselves on their
ability to take care on their own. in
this extraordinary instance of hardship
and misery they will gladly accept
contributions from sympathetic Chris
tians.
Officers of the Association.
Mrs. Louis Gutenberg, 1922 Lamont
street. is the president of the Women
of the Hour: Mrs. julius ]. Peyser. 1910
Emanuel Simons. 174O 18th street. the
secretary. The next meeting is to be
held Thursda,', at o'clock. in the
Eighth Street Temple.
At the last meeting of the Council
or Jewish Women envelopes were dis
tributed to about 400 women who were
urged to bring their contributions to
the March meeting, which is to be held
Tuesday.
The Savoy Theater Company has
donated the use of the theater for
Tuesday afternoon, March II, from l As
to 3 o'clock.
Joseph Abel of the United States De-
partment of Agriculture. who spent a
year at the Panama Pacific exposition
is to deliver an>illustrated' lecture We'd
nesday at pm. at the Washington
Hebrew Congregation. 8th and l streets
Mrs Gutenberg. the president, in de-
scribing the plight of the refugee Jews
IND the purposes of this relief organi-
cation, says:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12

Probably the fiercest fighting of the
week. however. has been in the Cor
beaux wood
Fiercest Fighting in and in the
Corbeaux Region. Fort Van. and
the village. The Germans early in the
week. by treRsndous artillery: power
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12
AUsTR0-ITALIAN ARENA.
Chronological Events.

General quiet. prevails over whole
front.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12
Crooked Rivers Uncertain.

The two great rivers of Mcsopo-
tamia are very crooked and very ir.
regular in their depths. The air line
distance between Diarbekir and Baxdad
is 400 miles, while the water route via
the Tigris is about 1000 miles. At
many places the river Is deep enough
to accommodate boats OF considera HE
draft, but at others IL is SO shallow
that a man has difficulty i'm swimming
But even over shadows. where a mas,
cannot go as swimmer. n we'll laden
keJek will float without accident
For thousands of years this i,uoyant
beat has helped the people of Mcsopo-
tamia to move their commerce over the
shoals and shadows of two of the
eartli's modest rivers. and has now
come to play its small part in tho
greatest war OF human history"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12

keenest interest now is being evinced
in the continued successful operations
Of h
Russians Gain RUS SLAMS
Steadily in Near East. ~.
regions. where the Turkish armies,
their morale greatly affected by the
fall of Erzerum. still are fleeing to-
ward the westward. Their stands at
isolated points are half-hearted in
character. and the Russian army oper-
sting toward Sivas. in the heart of
Turkish Armenia. has been able to ad-
vance at the rate of three miles a day
despite the serious handicap of bad
weather. IL cannot be expected that
the central Russian army will attempt
more rapid strides until the army oper-
ating along the Black sea coast. which
also 10 making steady progress. takes
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-12

ing been literally hashed by the she'll
ing Our men, installed in what re-
manned of the defense works on the
two TANKS and in front of the village.
waited stoically under a storm of gat-
ling fire for the attack.