davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-18
DUELLING AMONG OFFICERS IS
NOT ONLY LEGAL BUT
is ENCOURAGED.

If an officer is insulted by brother
officer he cannot mete out the summary
punishment that he would to civilian,
but he can challenge him to duel.
Duelling is very common in Germany,
and is, in fact, encouraged by the Kais-
err. on the theory that it keeps the young
officers high spirited. These military
duels are not to be confused with the
Mensur, or sporting duels, INDUCED in
at the universities. They are serious
affairs, ending only when one of the
participants is dead or disabled. The
choice of weapons is determined by the
seriousness of the offence. Thus, an or
binary quarrel is settled with light
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-18

Why all this display. this insane insis-
tence on rank, this officially encouraged
brutality toward private and civilian,
this rigid code of private and public be-
havior? Because power and command
in Germany go not to the able man, but
to the we'll born man. The young Prus-
sian officer is not necessarily born
leader; indeed he may be, and often is,
stupid and inefficient by nature. So
Germany makes natural ability I'M
necessary. She teaches him to be
brutal, because that makes it easier to
give orders. She compelS private and
civilian to obey those orders on pain of
death She makes a uniform more
sacred than a man, because the man
any man-need but don the uniform to
become an object of veneration.
SO you have the Prussian officer-ar-
rogant, simple, comic, tragic, and al
ways ruthlessly efficient.
Why does Germany endure him and
the machine of which he is a product
Because Germany firmly believes that
Prussia and the Prussian officer are her
salvation. In forty years the Prussian
machine turned Germany from loose
federation of weak and disorganized
little states into great, prosperous and
powerful nation.
find it hard to believe that there will
be a German revolution after the war.
If Germany wins, the Prussian machine
will have justified its existence. If Ger
many loses, it will prove to her people
that the Prussian machine was right
that Europe tCds conspiring TO crush
her. For you must remember that the
German people honestly believe that
they are fighting a defensive war. A
foolish belief, you may say. 1t is fool
ish. But Germany believes It.
That belief is easily explained. Sup
pose the government Of the United
States and all the newspapers Of the
United States should insist during the
next forty years that Japan was plan
ming to attack us. Suppose the govern
ment and newspapers of Japan should
insist during the same period that we
were planning to attack her. Would not
the people of those respective countries
believe the charges implicitly after a
while? Would not war be inevitable
Would not each side believe that it was
acting on the defensive, even if it should
take the actual first step toward war?
That is what has been going on In
Europe, especially in Germany, these
forty years. To be sure, Prussia has
been fooling Germany, but how is Ger
many to find it out?
That is why | can only hope for the
coming German revolution. | do not
expect it
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-18

keep close by his master, and is respon-
sible for his life.
One of the first discoveries a young
officer makes is that his scale of living
is subject to strict regulation. Any dis
play of wealth is frowned upon severely.
Prussian officers are as a class poor
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-18

II l. n ~ n n "
This is the second of t,Co articles on
the German system OF training officers
,critten by young PrusSian no1C in
This country. He is the son Of a former
major IN the German army. and 10oS
for some years a cadet at the P,WSSidn
MILITARY academy at PotSddm.
yFI CAN make the Prussian officer
clear can make modern Germany
clear. For he is the embodiment
of all the governmental theories and
practices of his native land. The Prus-
sian officer is Germany.
There is nothing in this country that
corresponds to him. The government
of the United States is a civilian gov
eminent and an American army officer
is merely an official of one department
of the government, with no authority in
peace times outside of that department.
The Prussian army officer, on the CON
trary. is the direct agent of a national
government that is fundamentally mill
tary. He is or oficio policeman, detec-
tive and deputy sheriff. He cannot be
arrested He may stop traffic. railway
trains or other public conveyances and
is responsible for the consequences only
10 the military authorities
He is an autocrat. but he is equally a
slave. Coupled with his almost unlim-
tied authority goes an ironclad obliga-
ton to exercise it under given condi-
tons. His actions. public and private;
the clothes he wears, the wine he drinks,
his private expenditures. his betrothal
and marriage, his friendships and his
enmities-all these are regulated by
code. a code whose violation means dis
grace and heavy punishment.
In The Tribune Magazine of two
weeks ago | described the system of
training at Prussian military acade-
my. where the future officer spends his
Years between the ages of ten and
eighteen. When he energies, sub-lleu
tenant. he has certain principles deeply
ingrained. He has learned to obey
orders unquestioningly and unemotion-
ally; he has been schOoed to face any
danger without show Of fear; he has
been taught to look upon the private sol
der as a pawn. not man, and upon
civilian as something less than that He
has learned the Prussian lesson and is
ready to be Prussian officer.
One year before his graduation from
the academy he chose the regiment to
which he wished to belong. His parents
then made sure, through strictly unOf-
fetal channels, that he would be accept
able to the other officers. Had there
been any objection to him ne would
have had to choose another regiment.
This custom is very strict. Not even
the Kaiser himself can burden regi-
ment with an unwelcome officer.
Once the young officer enters his regl-
ment he is completely under the domin-
ion of the code. To begin with, he must
have an allowance from home, the mini
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-18
Germany Unlimited Authority and Then Combs Him
Exercise Tile Eats Drinks Dresses Marrie, Dies, According Rule

swords. In more serious cases the
principals use pistols at thirty, twenty
or ten PAGES, or the deadly cavalry
sabre.
Some classes of civilians are Satisfac-
tionfdhig-that is, eligible to fight duels.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02
RESERVE OFFICERS
 TO BE TRAINED

WASHINGTON, D. C., Nov. l. Presidents of nineteen leading col leges and universities have been call ed in conference by the war depart ment preparatory to the establishment of systematic methods for training reserve officers for the United States army in those institutions. They will meet at the Army War College here Tuesday, October IT, for discussion with the army general staff of mili- tary courses to he organized in insti- tutions desiring to take advantage of provisions of the army reorganization law.
 It has been estimated that the army must maintain z. corp of 50,00O par tially trained junior officers to facili- tate organization of an adequate mili- tary force should the nation have war with power capable of attempting invasion. The main source of supply for these officers would be the insti- tutions with most approved military courses, where military training un- ment preparatory to the establishment dents work.
 National Guard organizations com posed entirely of college students have been mustered out of the fed eral service so that those men may compose the first increment of re- serve officers to be drawn under the new plan.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02
DELEGATE WICKERSHAM
 IS STILL AT CORDOVA

CORDOVA, Nov. 2.-Jas. Wicker sham is still here, and his movements for the immediate future are un- known. He appears to have aban- doned all campaigning. evidently in the belief that Sulzer will carry the territory. Among the Wickersham- ties here the sentiment is decidedly pessimistic, and it is admitted that he will not carry this town at the con- ing election.
 In Democratic circles it is believed that Sulzer will get good plurality here. Owing to his attempted dicker with the Republicans the Delegate has lost number of his stronges: supporters in Cordova and men who have for years voted for the Delegate will this year cast their vote for Sul- ger for Delegate to Congress.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02
KAISER IS HAPPY OVER
 BIG LOSSES OF ENEMY

AMSTERDAM, Nov. 1.-EmperoT William visited the Champagne front on Wednesday of this week, accord ing to the Cologne Gazette, and pres ented General von Einem Command CT of the Saxon army) with the lau- rels of the Order of Pour le Merite The emperor was in excellent spirits the newspaper says, and showed the the war. He expressed lively satis. faction over the heavy losses of the British and French.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02
EPIDEMIC REPORTED
 AT UNALASKA MISSION

A dispatch to the marshal's office from Deputy Marshal Paul Buckley of Unalaska states that an epidemic of sickness has broken out at the mis- sion there, sixteen cases being report ed. Mrs. Buckley is in charge of the situation at present but the Cutter Bear is reported to be on her way to Unalaska with medical aid. Dr. New hall, the physician in charge is at present away on his vacation. The dispatch does not state the nature of the disease.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02
Where We Can
 Get Those $4,0OO

The Valdez Prospector of October 30, in an article entitled Facts Not Figures" asks what is going to hap pen to Valdez if 1t goes dry? And how are we going to take care of our schools without the 5000 of head ache money which we dignify some what by naming license revenue.
 The Prospector says, i've are taxed to the hilt now" and it is no doubt true, and only goes to prove that we are on the wrong track. In fact we learn from the states that the more saloons a town has the harder time it has to finance it's way and provide for its schools.
 1 Valdez and other Alaska towns diff fer from towns in the States for the reason that in Alaska the Federal gov ernment pays all expenses for trying crimes committed by the use of in- toxicating liquors. If Alaska had to foot the bill 1t would have to tax the industries of the Territory for the li- quor license money does not prove sufficient in any town or state for any length of time.
 1 We do not agree with the Prospec- tor when 1t says, There is no other apparent source to raise revenue from" There are other sources. The Alaska treasury has about $760,00e on hand now and this amount can be greatly increased by making the tax general so as to cover the output of mines, fisheries, fur seals, whaling, forests, etc., all of which by right should pay taxes for the benefit of the schools of the Territory.
 1 We believe that the schools are a real necessity and to establish saloons in towns to induce men to spend their money for poisonous drinks in order that the town can get $4000 to help finance the schools is a crime which should not exist in any civilized com munity. We believe that the schools have the first right to a part of the ptOV,UUO duu tHCiC ID "hCiO WC CA- pect to get the $4000 and as much more as is needed for good schools. If the Alaska dry vote carries on Nov 7th it will not go into effect un- til January 1, 1918, and the legisla- ture that meets next March can easily provide ways and means for school money needed above what can be raie- ed locally. In using this means for providing for our schools our legis- lature will be doing just what nine- teen dry states have been doing fer some time with good results.
 In fact. of the forty-eight states there are only two willing to mention 1 liquor licenses as school revenue. The other states have long since learned that money received by saloon licenses does not pay for what it costs the town or state in crime.
 No, MT Prospector, the $4O00 you seem so nervous about is not a noun tain at all; it Is a molehill and you can pass over it easily without hurt ing yourself. Adv. VOTE ALASKA DRY!
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02
AND TRAIN
 COLLIDE; TWO ARE DEAD

COLUMBUS, O., Nov. 1.-E. E. Edwards, 26. a farmer of Sumerford, was rescued alive and the burning bodies of Miss Clara Edwards, his sister, and Robert Steel of La Fay cite, saved from cremation by fire men tonight after a New York Gen. tral passenger train had struck the machine in which the three were driving to this city to join a theatre party, and the gasoline tank explod- ed.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02
GRAIN CROP
 RUNS FAR SHORT

OTTAWA, Ont, Nov. 1-The wheat crop of Canada for the present year will be only 159.123,O0O bushels as compared with 376,3O3,6O0 bushels in 1915, according to an official esti- mate issued today.
 The yield per acre was estimated at 15 7-8 bushels from harvested area of 1O,OS5,3OO acres as compared with 29 bushels from harvested area of 12,986,4OO acres in 1915.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02
BIG AUSTRIAN WARSHIP BLOWS UP IN HARBOR

PARIS, Nov, 1.-One of the larg- est Austrian warships blew up recent ly at Pola, according to a press dis patch from Zurich. The dispatch says that refugees from Dalmatia brought the news to Switzerland, but they did not know the cause of the explosion.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02
American Schooner Seized.

LONDON, Nov. 1.-The American fishing schooner Richard w. Clarks which was plying in the waters around Iceland has been captured and taken to Grimsby.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02

Try the Cottage Dlnlng Room for good home-cooked meals. Mrs. M. Fucker, Phone 13I. fl
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02

New Heaters from $12.50 up, Wood Stoves. Pipe, Cooking Utensils and Wash Boards at Rudolph's. If
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02
THE WOMAN'S GUILD

I IT EI w OWH1N D OOIII requests the pleasure of the company of yourself and friends FRIDAY EVENING, NOV. 3. 1916,
 to meet
 REV. AND MRS. FINN, Eight to Ten O'clock, EVERYMAN'S CLUB
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02

Carbureters, magnetos, batteries spark plugs and coils at Mead's. tI
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02

Banquet Steel Ranges. plain ant polished tops, at Mead's. t
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02

Furnished rooms at Mrs Osland's g Prices reasonable.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02

Kodak Supplies at the Valdez Drug Company. If
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02

A new line of women's sweaters cap and cap sets at B. Winters.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02

Anything in nugget and livery jew elry at Valdez Drug Co.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02

For first-class meals and good serv- ice at reasonable prices try the Mer- chants Cafe. u
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02

While these strong winds arJ blow ing is the time to protect yourself with fire insurance. The Alaska Inv. Go. will write it for you. 2t
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02

Fox's fresh Clam Tea at Love- Whitley Co.'S. IT
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02

The best dinner at the Arcade Cafe. 1T
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02

BIG RET UCTION in Coats tht! week at E. Winters. t
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-02

See Blake for Cement Blocks.
The Washington herald., 1916-11-04

Lieut.. Col Henry Il. whitney and Nat. Ernest
r. Tflton, relieved
First Lieut.. winiamkb. Frazer. leave Of ten days.
Capt John Scott southern Department
Maj George II. crabtres, leave Of two months and
twanty-eigIt days
Mai George II. Cnbtpe upon application, re.
ttTed with rank Of lieutenant colonel
First Lieut.. Allen r. Kimbsn. leave is extended
ten days.
First Lieut.. Allen R. KimbaH placed On detached
offcefs' list
First. Lieut. Robert B. Lorch. to Seventh In
fantry
Fins Lieut.. Fauntley NJ. Miller. placed on de-
;acICd officers' list.
Fist Lieut.. Leroy II. Watson. to Eleventh In
sRnfry.
first Lieut.. Sslby II. Frank. to Springfield Mass
Lieut.. Col Henry A. Shaw TO Texas border
Cart William Z. Bennett. jr.. to Preside. san
Francisco
First Lieut. Ralph g. Tchenor. resigned
Cam. Thomas D'A. LBcas resigned
First Lieut.. Marshall W. Sinclair resigned
CFp. Walter T. siegmund resigned.
second Lieut.. Frank II. Richey. to Hawaii.
First Lieut.. Alfred r. Wade reSigfnd
Second Leut. Charles s. Michsels resigned
Capt Georre J. Oden, 70 Sixteenth Cavity.
Cart Thomas l. Sherburne to Fifth Cavalry
Mai Hugh LAF. Applewhite. relieved University
Of Nevada Reno.
The Washington herald., 1916-11-04
The Lusitania Postscript.

The senior Senator from Massachusetts, gen
orally is guarded and reliable when he ad-
dresses himself to the discussion of foreign affairs
that 1t is unusual to find him in the political maze
that his own words have brought about in connec-
ton with the alleged Lusitania note postscript.
OF course, it is the first time that Senator
Lodge has been forced to take the public platform
in his candidacy for reelection to the Upper Branch
of Congress, and he probably is subject to the
same natural tendency to slightly color things
political that the heat of campaign develops in
most politicians 1t is more accented in his case
because he is recognized world authority on
foreign affairs and not prone to exaggeration.
In this case, however, it seems evident that he
spoke without 100 per cent knowledge of his sub
ject and in stating that he has alternative but
to accept President Wilson's version of the incl
dent, he is merely making the amende honorable,
although it places him in most unique and awl-
ward position.
There is no reason to believe that because he
quoted Pullman conversation as the basis
for his conclusions, he felt that they were not
predcated on truth. And there is no sound reason
for questioning the word of President Wilson and
his Cabinet officers when the subject matter in
wolves something that affects our international re-
lations vitality. The surprising thing is that
Senator Lodge in injecting the issue into the
paign did without further verifying the facts
Not since he started his campaign has the Pres
ident been as vehement in his remarks as in those
anent the Lodge incident. II want to register my
solemn protest here against the of our foreign
relationships for political advantage. cannot,
1 will not, regard any man patriot who does
that-men who in the most critical relationships,
the detail of which they do not know, make play
with the loss of lives of American citizens even in
order that they may create a domestic personal
advantage. That illustrates what have come here
to preach Use political parties, but do not make
partisan of them" he said.
No matter what the result of the election OF
Tuesday the President, in dealing with the interna-
tional problems of the future whether it be for
four months or another four years, will probably
want the advice and the assistance of Senator
Lodge as ranking Republican member of the SEN
ate Foreign Relations Committee The incident
ought to be forgotten on both sides after election
in the interest of diplomacy.
The Washington herald., 1916-11-04
-Four hundred thousand railroad workers win

-Four hundred thousand railroad workers will
formally petition Congress, when it meets in De-
cember, to revise the Adamson law, according to
Robert T. Frazier, Tennessee Democrat who is
employed by the Nashville, Chattanooga and ST.
Louis Railway. Mr.. Frazier says that the petition
has already been signed by 100000 railway EN-
ployes, who declare the movement of which he Is
the head is nonpolitical and purely economic. He
says, THE Adamson law takes away the oppor-
tunity of bargaining. Both classes of employees
have lost the principle of collective bargain
ing but the brotherhood men have in return got
a IS per cent increase of wages, while we have got
nothing; and no chance to get anything with this
principle surrendered. Our idea is to keep out Of
politics, but of course it cannot be denied that
many of the men signing these petitions in
censed over what was done at Washington last
summer" Apparently the railroad trouble has
been postponed, not settled.
The Washington herald., 1916-11-04
NAVAL. ORDERS.
ORDERS TO OFFICERS

Lieut.. W. A. Glassford. TO Pittsburgh.
Lieut.. A. J. James. to Montana as runnery
Lieut.. Winfield LiGgett to home and wait order,
Lieut.. X. J.. Enrich. Commissioned from April
L. 1876
Lieut.. NJ: A. Lbhey. to navy yard New York City.
Lieut.. Junior gradel c s. KeI,r, to chaIge
N'Iy Recruiting Station Boston Mass
Lieut. Junior grsdel J. l.. Kaufman 10 Tsxa.
Lieut. Cjunior Eadel II. I. Kays, to Arizona
Lieut. Junior grsds) II. L. White. commissioned
from June 2 49,
Lieut., ounior Eradel :. n. Ger. commissioned
from June :. ,l9I'
Lieut. Junior EradeJ J. II. Strong, commissioned
from June e 1916
Lieut.. Junior srsdel L. H. Lewis. commissioned
from December g. lefs-
MARINE CORPS.
ORDERS To OFFICERS.
Capt. X. F. Rttsnho5se to Washington, n. g
tor examination for promotion.
talt. X. Il. Wallace. 70 Marine Barracks Mar
Island.
Second lie''tensnts ordered to Marine corp- Rif,
Ranse. winthrop. Nd. for instruction: ID
NeVin. c. r. Gilchiist. A. w billiard l. l.
Leech, g. C. Hammer. J. ". Balm H. S FasSett
h. !. BuSe. J. Il. Martin. Gustav Karuu A
Jacques. ]. Fl. Fugate. r. S A. Woods II
Raphael Griffin. H. c. Cooper d. II. Owen p
{. Geyer. j. Z. Davis. J. K Bolton, Armand
The Washington herald., 1916-11-04
THE DEBT.

What do owe? All me-what DON'T l owe
For all the joyousness upon this earth;
For yonder light so constant in its flow,
And all the harvestings of golden worth;
For beauty of the stars in smiling guise
That pierce the spaces of infnity.
And from the distant reaches of the skies
Bear messages of friendliness to me.
For Love and Life and splendid tasks to do,
For Love and Faith renewing every day
By what eternal Service, tried and true,
Could l nv debt in Gratitude repayl
Copyright 1861
The Washington herald., 1916-11-04

The service which is being rendered by the
aeroplane in the war will not be entirely known
until the war is over but enough is being told to
satisfy the world that the future of aerial nayiea-
ton is very promising. Since the success of the
aeroplane was demonstrated by Orvie Wright
the manufacture of aeroplanes on a commercial
scale has been retarded on account of the absence
OF high-class aviation motors, but the. war has
brought out motor which is suitable for the
purpose. The n1assing of the troops on the Mex
lean border did not bring out the experiments
which were expected. 1t was believed that much
attention would be given this branch of the serv-
ice, but not much has been done. 1t is probable.
however, that more depends upon the way ma,
chimes are made than on air currents.-Milwaukee
News. :.
The Washington herald., 1916-11-04
From Accomac to Pokomoke,

From Accomac to Pokomoke,
From Princess Anne to Bland,
From Leesburg down through Roanoke,
There's mourning in the land.
From the Roads back to the mountains
Language flows unfit to print,
There is drying up of fountains
Where the julep used to mint.
All the bloom is off the barley,
And the hops hang down forlorn,
While. the law declines to parley
With the juice pressed from the corn.
All the hzzes now have fixed out,
All the rickeys are unginned,
All the elbow crooks have sized out,
All the jags are left unsinned.
Up and down the Old Dominion
Now the water wagon rolls,
Where laws mandate and its minion
Make waste for thirsting souls
Make desert, parched, unfruitful,
Arid, barren, hard as flint, ..'.
Where the song birds droop untootful,
Where the julep used to mint.
Maurice Morris, in New York Sun.