davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-17

Chihuahua City, the capital of the largest state in the Mexican republic. has 8 population of about 400o0, and was founded more than a quarter of cen tury before sthe first permanent settle ment was made by Europeans in the United States, at St. Augustine, Fla, in 156o. Including General Pershing's expe- dition, American troops have three times marched to Chihuahua City. During the Mexican war it was captured by Col. A. w. Doniphan of Missouri, with less than 1000 men, in 1S47, and was captured again during the same year by American troops under General Price, The most impos- ing monument in Chihuahua City was erected in honor of the patriot priest, Hi- dalgo, who was executed in the city in 1911, following an unsuccessful revolution to throw off the yoke of Spain. The min ing industry is by far the most lmpor- tant around Chihuahua City, but corn, fruits and cotton are raised extensively
 Cotton cloth was manufactured there during the days of Cortez. Cotton is per ennial in some parts of Chihuahua, and is not planted oftener than once every 10 years There are more than 23,000 mining properties in Mexico and five-sixths of them produce silver. The most famous of the silver mines is the Santa Eulalie, 12 miles from Chihuahua City. It has produced 10000 tons of silver-bearing ore in one month. The Aztecs worked the melted the metals with blowpipes They also made bronze, but knew nothing about iron, although there is a mountain the city of Durango.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-17
Population This Year

Alabama's biennial school census will be taken next July, and as that furnishes the only satisfactory basis for estimating the total population the interest attaching to the enumer- ation is general. .
 The count of persons of school age --7 to 21 years-is made by teachers of the public schools in house to house visitation, and as these teach CTS are familiar with the localities sought to be canvassed the result Is thorough-more so than the decennial census enumeration of the population made by the federal government.
 In 1914 Birmingham had a school population of 4S,25S, gain of 4599 as compared with 1912. While some statisicians use 3.S0, or even 4, as multiplier, to ascertain the total population, Dr. J. H. Phillips, super intendent of public schools, an au- thority in these matters, states that the number of persons of school age multiplied by $50 will indicate the entire population in any given conl- munity, without question. According to this rule Birmingham's population two years ago was 168,903. During the year 1914-15-a year of acute de- pression-th was little or no in- crease, perhaps, but there is a steady growth now and has been since last fall. That there has been gain in school population within the past six months is evidenced by the congested condition of the school buildings.
 It is safe to say that the forthcom- -r school census will show that the lwo increase is at least equal Se the inefssse m 1912 to 1914, whlsa world give la seAn aumbers 5s.9ee Is16 and thss total multi plssd by 3.aa negld Indicate that Bir- easaghanl's population was lS5,50O. If s.sO w.1 sed ss multiplier the re- suit would be zvA, N1d t will not fall much short of that number.
 In 1910 Birmingham was credited with population of 132,685. In 1920 it will probably cross the 25O,O00 mark, and it need be no surprise if it reaches the 100000 line. In the mean while population of 100000 is doing pretty well for city only 45 years of age.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-17
ssKickless" Beer From Britain

New Workers who spend great deal of their time and money trying to quench an unsuitable thirst are said to be alarmed over the report that "kickless" beer will soon be introduced in the metropolis from Great Britain. It is said that a man can drink 20 pints of the new brew without exper- fencing any other effect than sense of undue fullness about the waistIine. As it is impossible to tell the nonin- toxicating beer from the more popu- lar kind except by drinking it, topers are afraid that they will be imposed upon by interruptions dealers when they go out to have a spectacular evening. It can readily be imagined how keen would be the disappoint- ment of these persons if, after having quaffed freely during the larger part of the night, they discovered that the expected exhiliration was not forth coming. Instead of being more or less elated and in a talkative mood, they might feel just about as happy as the small boy who indulges too freely in soda pop.
 Persaps "kickless" beer in Great Britain is one result of the effort be- ing made there to reduce drunken ness, movement that has been given new impetus by the serious labor problems created by the war. It is probably much the same sort of bev- craze as linear beer" with which cer- tain southern states are familiar. When prohibition laws were passed an attempt was made to popularize ''near hpsr. in the dry" districts, but it
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-17
HYLA PICKERINGu

From the Cleveland Plain Dealer
 The birds of spring have won innumer- able poems of praise. They are thor oughly appreciated. Even the city man who never goes forth for air has his un- conscious ode to robin redbreast
 But are the voices of the birds the true voices of spring? Robin redbreast will sing well in July, and the others will be vocal for months. There is a song which is distinctly the song of spring, the song of earliest spring. It is the nuptial song of Pickering's hyla.
 Usually Pickerings hyla is called the spring peeper." It is really, a tree frog, but in it's arboreal existence it is almost negligible It will peep occasionally dur ing the summer, and may be heard as late as November, but it is an incon- spicuous and almost inaudible little sprite. Only in early spring is it posi- tive influence in the scheme of nature
 Many take it for granted that the early frog songs of spring are sung by the handsome big green fellows which are common throughout the summer. There could scarcely be graver mistake. The common leopard frog does sing in early spring, but his note is dull and throaty rumble. The real chorister of the newly thawed ponds is Hyla pickeringii, mot tied brown mite scarcely an inch in length. The marvel is that so tiny a singer can make so much noise.
 Pickering's hyla is the most timid of frogs, and only the very persistent searcher can gain a glimpse of him. On the remote approach of human observer the tiny singer becomes silent and slips to the invisible depths of his chosen pool. He is extremely canny and wary. He really is not worth seeing anyway. Bud he is well worth hearing
 Just now the "peepers" are singing all day and all night. They are never weary. A night by an open window in farm house is worth dozen nights in the city. In all nature there is no such lulla- by as that of the spring hylas. It stays with the sleeper all night, and in- fluences his dreams. And 1t is still with him when in the early morning, he faces a new day. For the confirmed 'iusom- niac' there is nothing to compare. One may stay awake all night listening to by daylight. There is no resisting the peaceful influence of this most peaceful of natures songs
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-17
MORMON MODESTY

From the St. Louis Post Dispatch.
 Listen to that old Mormon, Joe
 Smith, preaching from the Mormon
 tabernacle against womens fashions. He says that the dresses the young days are ian offense to the modesty of honorable men,"
 They are all, all honorable men, as Marc Ontony would say. And nobody in the world is as modest as these old heads of the Mormon herd. Modesty is their speciality and they almost have la monopoly on it. And when it comes to fashions--women's fashions--they are authorities. What they don't know isn't worth knowing. We quote liter lally from Joes Sunday sermon: Many of the fashions worn today had their origin in the houses of in fanny of Paris and London and other centers of so-called civilization And women are falling to the habit of imi- tating the fashions of the demi- monde D We will take old Joes word for it. He certainly wouldn't be so positive without knowing what he is talking about. Joe is not the first prude who has investigated the matter with that report of the origin of fashion. To the lphilosophic and decent world, how ever, the fact that clothes are just clothes, and that the fashions are es- sentially modest and moral, are age- worn truths-and concerning old prudes another eternal verity retains ,its perennial vigor, evil to him who thinks evil.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-17

Henry Herbert Childers. in the North
 American Review.
 VI HAT about Colonel Houses con-
 M/ nectioDs with the campaign of
 W 1912? How did he meet Wood him? Just precisely the hour and day when these friends met is not material, but, to be accurate, it was at p. m. one day in the month of october. 1911, at a hotel in New York city that Gov ernor Wilson called on Colonel House, by appointment. perhaps arranged by William F. McCombs. MT. Wilson was stopping at another hotel and had to make his visit short, as he had another appointment with James D. Phelan of San Francisco at 4 ?. m. Wilson ana House took a fancy to each other inn mediately.
 In pre-convention times McCombs kept Wilson headquarters at 42 Broadway. Colonel House never called. He and Me Combs used the telephone. Every snag was placed in the way of Colonel House At this time House was not familiar enough with the mechanism of national politics to do more than advise; but he did know what was going on in Texas, and had T. w. Gregory pulling wires there. When June came, Wilson was in the running, but he was going against both wind and tide Clark then had much the best of it. House had played all his cards, had worked hard, and was much run down in health, but everybody thought he would surely attend the Bal tmore convention. Instead he sailed from Boston to Liverpool none too confident of Wilson's nomination. The moment Will son was nominated I sent him wireless at sea, as he had requested.
 Returning from abroad sooner than usual he looked in at headquarters in the Fifth avenue building Matters were at their worst. McCombs had gone to his to take charge. McAdoo had built tube connecting New York and Jersey City, which seemed to fill MT. Wilson with confidence in his ability to run cam paign, but this did not keep headquar- ters from getting into hopeless snarl. At this time House dropped in two or three times each day, refusing to have an office or desk, but keeping at work.
 At the end of September the funds were spent, and the committee was s140000 in debt. Even House was dismayed Me- Combs who was fretting over conditions, and over being supplanted by another as chief was told of the state of the cam paign treasury. This seemed to act as a stimulant. He pulled himself together, entered the chairmans office unan-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-17
Birmingham Ahead of Atlanta

T was in Atlanta Saturday a week ago and was in Birmingham this Saturday just gone, and this city impressed me as the more busting of the two,' said Charles Conrad of Philadelphia.
 'Birmingham's streets in the business district seemed more crowded than At lantas, and what I was particularly struck with here was the artistic taste displayed in the window decorations. In this respect Birmingham is far ahead of Atlanta. I have never seen more stylish shop windows in Philadelphia or New York than those of Birmingham.
 The merchants here are moderate in their prices, I am told. I made few purchases of haberdashery and was charged less than would have been the case in my home town. It is safe to say that Birmingham is par excellence the shopping center of the southeast"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-17
TEACHER WAS SUSPICIOUS

TEACHER WAS SUSPICIOUS l. From the New York American.
 Public school teachers in the Italian quarter are constant recipients of gifts from admiring scholars. When the in- trinsic value of, an offering is beyond certain limit. and they vary all the way from ripe tomatoes to bits of jewelry. the teacher usually institutes an inquiry as to it's original source.
 One boy made frequent gifts of flowers. As long as they were somewhat, faded the teacher accepted them unquestion- ably, but when Tony turned up one morn ing with large bunch of expensive white roses she felt constrained to ask the boy where he got them Heaven and earth were called upon to witness that the flowers had been purchased. later that they had been gift. and ffnal- ly that Tonys mother had sent them as token of her regard. The teacher grew more stern in her demand for particulars in regard to Tony's flowers-there was flower stand near by.
 Tony she said. tell me the truth. Where did you get those flowers?"
 Teacher" said Tony. at the end of his inventive powers. II gotta from da church on Brooma street. Da man, hs no care-he's dead"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-17

T DWARD EVERETT HALE'S col-
 lege diary is printed for the first A@ time in Harper's Magazine for April. From the young mans. account of college life in these early days, one gatn- CTS that life in Cambridge was full of ex- citement and free from undue restraint.
 october 17-Staid at the Fosters till about 8. when I came up into the yard and went with a number of other fellows into Towards room. He had part Gin the exhbition) today and in conformity with established usage gave blow to the class. Almost all the class were up there and staid until 31s, when we ad- journed to Sans. Guild and Eliots room where was another blow, they also hav- ing had parts. I staid there till about and then left them all singing and en- toying themselves, drinking, etc, to go to the Fosters (where he had left his sis ters, with whom he went in to Boston.)
 October 1s-On conversing this morning with those who had been present at prayers, I found that there had been con- siderable noise. We soon learned today that the faculty would take notice of this. They held meetings in the morning and the afternoon, the result of which was that in the early part of the after noon A. and B. were sent off till the next commencement for intoxication. and C. and D. till the end of the term. for entering the chapel arm in arm, stamp ing apparently excited by liauor.' They also sent for Eams, Guild and Eliot and gave each of them a public for giving a blow without leave of the government. This made us very angry. Everybody acknowledged that A. and B. were drunk and deserved their fate accordingly, but it was universally agreed that c. and D. were not, and that their punishment, like Guild and Eliot's, was too severe. A class meeting was called for z in the evening. I went down. but after organ izing itself the meeting adjourned to pro- cure a fuller attendance at Sh. At this meeting nothing of importance was done. There were only 36 present. hardly a ma jority of the class. nevertheless it was voted a class meeting and we proceeded to business. After one or two prelimi-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-17
HOW THE COLLAR LEFT THE SHIRT From the New York World.


 From the New York World.
 After painstalxing investigation the de- partment of comm cree has approximately fixed the date when the collar parted from the shirt and the one article of mas culine wear became twain. The historic event occurred in 1925 and was due to the reflection of a Troy woman at the wash tub that shirts stay clean longer than collars" To think was to act, and the home made invention was soon popular ized by retired minister who put sepa- rate collars and cuffs on the market in 1929.
 Troy to the humble founder of it's great industry? She cut the Gordian knot and emancipated laundry work for all time. To her revolutionary idea may be traced the growth of an output of collars amounting to N7,200,0O0 annually, of which S046 per cent as we learn from the departments figures, ''come from Troy"
 be grateful to it's woman benefactor, whose very name is lost to fame. Will not organized feminism seek to rescue it from oblivion? Though mute and in glorious. she was yet pioneer whose invention gave her sex a new vocation while freeing it from the trammels of the wash-tub.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-17
LIVES LOST IN WAR

LIVES LOST IN WAR
 From the New York World.
 The latest estimates of the dead and permanently incapacitated from the war are 100000 for the entente countries and 1 ,9e0, 900 for the Teutonic allies. The pro- portions to total population are z per cent for the entente countries and IA for their enemy The greatest sufferers are Austria Hungary, with 1.7 per cent; Germany, 1.5 per cent, and France, Ia per cent. These figures lead Golfers to the conclusion that talk about a wasted and devastated Europe is not warranted by the facts"
 This is a consideration merely of the enono1nic consequence of loss of life and permanent disability from the war. It is not to be disposed of so lightly as our neighbor concludes. The war remains relatively speaking, the most destructive to the economic populations involved which is known to modern times.
 If the entire army with which Fred erick the Great entered the seven years war had been completely wiped out and put underground in the first year and a half of the struggle, the loss relative tc population would have been no greater than Austria or GermanyNor France has already suffered in human values from this war And F'redericks losses were very far from being total There was not a time in the Napoleonic wars or either side, when the armies in the f1ele totaled as large percentage of the pop ulations involved as the estimated deac and wholly disabled alone already tota for the three countries mentioned. Ane we rightly think of those wars as very deva stating to Europe.
 Golfers is doubtless right in saying that even another year of war may leave the belligerents strength enough fol rapid economic revival" The recuperativ' powers or humanity from great disaster have always proved amazing. But fol modern times the unprecedented waste O life and devastation from this war mus be admitted.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-17
HARVARD STUDENT OF 1880

nary resolutions, a resolution that the class signify their disapprobation of the measures of the faculty by stamping in prayers tomorrow morning was put and negatived A resolution that we signify dIsapprobation by smashing proctors' window was almost unanimously opposed. After various intellectual resolutions, to adjourn till next Tuesday, sine die, etc, it was voted to adjourn till the mod orator should call the meeting together again.
 October 19-On going to morning pray CTS found good many panes broken in univ. window. There was a good deal of noise in pr. Wares recitation room this morning. not at all connected with the prevailing fuss, but for nothing but fun, as we used to say at school. There were one or two apples and a lemon which were being thrown constantly from one side of the room to the other. to the imminent danger of the heads they hap pened to be aimed at; and all this was done without attracting Dr. Wares par ticular notice, except once when Ellis, who was reciting. made an allusion to the circumstance. He spoke loud enough to be heard all over the room, but so quick that Dr. Ware could not understand him. He seemed to perceive that Ellis had said something he ought not, though he did not know what Poor old man. he is too old for such situation. His eyesight is very poor, so that he can't even tell who is present and who is absent. The other day when he called on Haven, I thought he called me and recited, when he called me. Haven recited. This has happened twice. once by a mistake of each of us. . {.
 October 2o-In the evening after sup per I went into Hayward's room, where staid till &. About 71s heard a tremen, dous explosion which I thought was a pump blown up, as one or two were last term. In the morning. however, I found that either this, or later explosion which did not hear. was made by torpedo put on the sill of one of the win dows of University hall. It smashed in the sash so as to make four squares into one and broke several other -panes of glass;
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-17
Chaplin Appears in "Cnrmen.

I noticed that The Age-Heraid carried an announcement that Charley Chaplin s burlesoue on Carmen will be shown at one of your local photoplay houses soon,' ,'' said Paul Engler of New York. 1T saw the picture in New York several weeks ago and I want to tell you it Is a scream of laughter from start to finish. Car men, as everyone knows, is classic tale of love and passion and has been trans lated into every tongue and finally was made into a photoplay Chaplin uses ev- cry situation made by the story to such effect the comedy is one continuous laugh. Take my tip and see this funny fellow when he comes"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-17
Wide Range of Sunday Age-Herald


 Yesterday was an indoors day" and offered an excellent opportunity for a careful reading of The Sunday Age Herald from the first to the fiftieth page. Yesterdays issue was a good specimen of the wide variety of this newspapers contents, so classified that there was something to appeal to every member of the family from the youngest to the oldest.
 Many of the special features have become so intimate a part of the life of the people of Alabama that Sum day is never complete without renew ing acquaintance. Take the comic section for example. Old Doc Yak, Mandy, and Mammals Angel Child are the friends not only of the children 1 of Alabama but of their parents also. There is no "slap stick" comedy about The Sunday Age-Herald comic sec tion. The pictures are always clean and wholesome.
 Yesterdays Rotogravure Section was notable for the number of hand some Alabama children portrayed in it. This continues to be the only news paper in the south issuing Roto- gravure Section.
 The Age-Herald yesterday con- tained 529 separate advertisements, |occupving 2772 inches of space.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-17
Society on Skates

Perhaps the most popular form of outdoor recreation that can be indulged in now is roller skating, remarked Leopold Speigler.
 Tn fact, the rapidity with which the skating craze has taken hold among the younger set of Birmingham within the past few weeks has been little less than marvellous. Beautiful Highland avenue, winding with graceful curve and gentle slope through the heart Of the most eX- elusive residence section of the city, af- fords, perhaps, the most attractive scene for this healthful mode of open-air di- version. In the early evening it would appear to the casual observer who chanced to stroll in this direction as though all society had taken wing on the swift roller skate. Bevies of pretty girls sweep by with startling speed, nar- rowly avoiding the onrushing motor car with it's glaring searchlight, and con tinue, apparently unheedful of the nu- merous perils that beset the path of pleasure.
 indeed the excitement of avoiding what would seem at times as almost
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-17
STARTED ON A sHOEsTRING

From the Rochester Democrat and
 Chronicle.
 Dignified and conservative exporting houses in New York city must have re- ceived shock from which they will not soon recover in the story of an ex- porting corporation, formed less than two years ago. by three men on capital of about 5000. They are now doing business al the rate of $47, ,000,00 la year. Good luck in securing war order gave them their start, but they are now branching out into the gen. eral commercial field. They recently sold $5.000,000 worth of automobiles in South Africa. They have purchased some ships and are building still oth- |ers. They are agents of several promi- nent manufacturing concerns Com plaints have frequently been made of the door of opportunity being closed to young men of this generation. Here lis romance of business that has amazed even Wall street and demon strated that the gateway of financial success is still open.