davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1916-03-03
ships Chartered TO
TRANSPORT nitrate
FOR DUPONT COMPANY

Through shipping agents in Phila-
delphia and other points. the E. l.
DUPONT de Nemours and Company re-
Gently chartered five or six OF the
large American-H Hawaiian steamships
These boats have been withdrawn
from the Atlantic and Pacific trade.
They are chartered for one trip to
transport nitrate from Chile
With an unprecedented demand for
munitions because Of the European
war, the powder company is using
unusually large quantities Of nitrate.
which is secured from it's nitrate
fields in Chile. On account OF the
great scarcity OF tonnage. difficulties
have been experienced in getting
craft to transport the nitrate. For sew
eral months the company has been
chartering the Americana Hawaiian
steamships to carry nitrate to this
country from Chile.
The presen. deal is one OF the
largest charter offers ever made. and
is said to mean an expenditure OF
from $500 to S1,7OO a day for each
ship.
Evening journal., 1916-03-03
MR.. Sinclair TO LEAVE
CHAMBER OF commerce

Neil b. Sinclair. managing secre-
tary of the Chamber of Commerce,
has given formal notification to the
directors Of that organization that he
will terminate his contract on its
expiration on May l. and does not
desire to continue in that position
another year. it was learned today.
1t is understood that Mr.. Sinclair
VIII take a responsible position with
the National City Bank. in New York
city, as soon as he terminates his
duties with the Chamber Of Com
merce.
Evening journal., 1916-03-03
Liner
Goes AGROUND ON
PEA Patch island
Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL.

Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL.
DELAWARE CITY. Del. March g.
The steamer Anthony Groves. Jr.. OF
the Ericsson Line. went aground on
the upper end of Pea Patch Island.
about 10 o'clock last night The boat
got of her course in a fog With the
assistance Of the tug Helen, she was
aoated shortly before high tide at 10
o'clock this morning The Anthony
Groves, Jr.. was on her trip from
Philadelphia TO Baltimore. with Cap
tain Bristow in command. The point
where she grounded was about the
same place where the transport
Prairie went aground several years
ago The Anthony Groves. Jr.. is the
same boat that lost her wheel oppo-
site New Castle about ten days ago.
Evening journal., 1916-03-03
eleven Inch Gun IS USED
TO TEST HIGH EXPLOSIVES

The sound of explosions heard in
Wilmington at frequent intervals re-
Gently has come from the firing OF a
42-centimetre 11-inch gun used in
testing explosives and studying their
effect on shells at the Carney's Point
plants of the dupont Powder Com
pany. During a test on Monday one
shot, fired 100 yards, went through
the target, and its lodging place is
not known. The DUPONT Company
does not manufacture shells. but
much of its product is used in shells.
Evening journal., 1916-03-03
resolution began until Nice-Presldel

In roll call the ayes and nays were as
follows: Ayes Ashmrst, Bankhead.
reckham. Brandegee, Broussard. Bur
leigh. Chiffon. Clark lWyoJ, Clarke
tArk.). Colt. Culhcrson. Curtis, Dilling-
ham. DUPONT. Fletcher, Gore, Harding,
Hardwick, Hitchcock, Hollis, Hughes,
James, johnson lMaine). john
SON (Souih Dak.l, Kern. Lane, Lee.
Lewis, Lodge, Mclean. Martin, MARITIME,
Myers, Nelson, Newlands. Oliver, Over
man, Owen, Page, Phelau, Pittman,
Evening journal., 1916-03-03
SUBMARINE LEGAL
SEA Weapon, SAYS
REICHSTAG CHIEF
Hecksher Declares England
is Responsible for Ger
many'S Guerrilla Warfare
SAYS ENGLAND MAINTAINS
AN ILLEGAL BLOCKADE
BY CARL W. ACKERMAN.
United Press Staff Correspondent.


BERLIN, March Alarmed mer-
chantmen are the snipers of the seas"
declared DR.. Hecksher, Reichstag
leader. "and the British Admiralty
by instructing merchantmen to fire on
submarines began franctireur war
fare on the seas"
DR.. Hecksher. whose position in the
Reichstag is similar to that held by
Senator Stone as chairman of the
Senate Foreign Relations Committee.
discussed the German-American con-
troversy over armed merchantmen at
some length today
II an officer and ten men IN hos
tile country saw group Of citizens
across the street armed with two or
three rifles. the officer couldn't wait
Continued on Page 2.
Evening journal., 1916-03-03
PREPARATORY SERVICE.

In West Presbyterian Church school
hall tonight a special service will be
held preparatory TO the celebration OF
the Lords Supper in the church on
Sunday morning. DR.. Smiley will be
the speaker and following the service
the church session will meet to re-
ceive candidates for membership in
the church.
Evening journal., 1916-03-03
SPECIAL STORM WARNING.

By The United Press.
NEW YORK, March 3.-The Wealth
er Bureau today issued the following
storm warming:
Northwest storm warming, Jackson
Vile TO New York. Storm oil the
North Carolina coast moving east
northeast. Winds win shift to north
west late today and tonight probably
increasing to moderate gale force.
Evening journal., 1916-03-03

Poindeyter, Pomerene, Ransdell. Reed
Shafroth. sheppard, Shields. simmons,
Smith (Ariz.), Smith (Georgial, Smith
lMarylandl, Smith lMich.l Smith
South Cardinal, Sterling, Stone, Swan.
son, Thomas, Thompson. Tillman, I'm
derwood, Nardamau, Wadsworth, Walsh,
Warren, Weeks, Williams.
The nays
Borah, Chamberlain. Clapp. Cum
Continued on Pake 14.)
Evening journal., 1916-03-03
By Vote Of OO to IA Against Gore ReSOIu-
ton, United States Practically Notifies
Germany That Killing Of Single American
by Unwarned Submarine Attack Upon
Armed Merchant Ship May Be Followed by
War Declaration.
BY the United Press.

WASHINGTON. today formally
President Wilson.
solution Americans
on armed ships unparalleled the
tabled
reques ted by the President
II was lust the time the
resolution began until
Evening journal., 1916-03-03
Allies ARTILLERY wreck
ZEPPELIN IN BELGIUM
Bt The rnited Press.

y &c VlIINVN T IN'7-
LONDON. March 3.-Two Zeppelins
were wrecked in Belgium on Febru-
airy 21, according to Exchange Tele-
graph dispatches from Amsterdam.
zone of the Zeppelins returning
from the front evidently was hit by
enemy artillery" said the dispatch.
1T fell at Ezhezce, damaging a house
and injuring eighteen children
Another fell at Maisnault. The
debris was loaded on a train bound
for Cologne"
Evening journal., 1916-03-03
WEATHER

Unsettled weather, probably
snow this afternoon and TO-
night; colder tonight. SAT-
urday, fair; strong north to
northwest winds, probably
reaching gale force.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-06-03

from this county. was elected as COM
mandant Of cadets. Mp. Epps was
graduated from the Citadel, the Mill
tary College Of South Carolina. the
West Point OF the south. This insti-
tuition has furnished the command
ants for our school. The company OF
~ had then become a battalion Of
three companies. Now there arc four
companies, with about It's cadets.
Mr.. Epps was succeeded by w. M.
Scott. at present the acceptable su-
perintendent of the public schools Of
BishopviIle. Mr.. Scott was ST
ed by A. q. Merrimon, whose very
promising life was cut short, and he,
by 8. A. Woods. the present COM
mandant. The school has been ex-
ceedingly fortunate In the men that
1t has had as commandants and the
State Of South Carolina is fortunate
In having a military school that fur
nishes to the schools of the State
graduates who are trained to do this
kind Of work with such marked eff
cheney.
/ The most difficult task was procur-
ing the rifles. The school has to
thank. and II does make It's cheerful
and grateful acknowledg gements to,
Senator. b. II. Tillman, who handled
a very difficult problem for us in a
highly satisfactory manner. The school
Is now equipped with the old SPRING
held rifles. We have made frequent
Efforts to obtain the modern rifles,
but there is'a most stringent regula-
ton of the war department against It
and we have been unable to succeed.
1t Is believed that all Of the agitation
Tor military preparedness will cause
congress to modify this provision.
Several schools that have tried this
military system have failed. because
they have insisted upon the purchase
OF expensive uniforms and because
they have endeavored to convert a
pubic school into military camp.
ON uniforms. which are worn only
on dress occasions, consist Of a pair
OF white trousers. blue coat and q
white cap. The whole outfit nccd
not cost more than IS and will las
for several years. The coat is uscG
every day. thus reducing the cost OF
the uniform to almost nothing. The
development of the military feature
In the public school is a piece o.
progressive evolution and can not be
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-06-03

eoneNshed Rll(sea Years Ago Proves Succees Bec.,ne
Renestts - School sad 70 individuals -Superiasen
SSos E?muo komts out Some Of Practical Results 81

- follewins article was prepared
- g>aes BY superintendent s.
poupnes of the Sumter city
- e4e'is rsproduced from that
oor Tbe cuts were madc by The
- Conpany ana are used through
t coqgoeey:
~ uppcrmost In the Amer
g tad To-Day h that expressed by
~ preparedness. The same
~ = erominent ploce. last Mo-
IDo1s lt was for this reason that
eTStese on military training In the
~ high school in The Review OF
1v,Vtv for November evoked 10
Deh comment. II II for this reason
- , am stiii getting letters from
1ssent sections relative to the sys-
~ ~ snilitary training In our
11oeA& Since November have re-
o>1sed Iet,srs OF inquiry from every
oop>loa o( America.
nInkasy training since TINT time
T.
- beor introduced into the public
co1oo1 65stems OF some of our largest
G9>fop and the question In "a very live
49uc everywhere. Those who have
mole Inquiries read the article in The
&cvisw Of Reviews: but the author OF
el,o srticIc In that magazine was nat
\ oFnlIy very much limited In space and
~ could not. therefore, 60 into the
( Gotails that the seekers after infor-
nsstion request.
About Is years ago. before military
preparedness was an issue. some of
Ne boys came to me with a request
hat Ne organize a military company
The request was granted and COM
pany Of nineteen boys was organized.
4 can see that company In memory's
mirror now--awkward. IN at ease.
and inem ient, but eager to learn. In
oedsr 70 excel. It happened that w.
4 Manning, son OF the present gov
eruor. now engaged In newspaper
work In Washington. was at that time
N the last year Of tho high school
and was q member Of the Sumter
Hsht Infantry. He was chosen as the
nfse captain of the military organiza-
hon.
Tor year or two we managed TO
Gst on without n commandant. but
49, ~<>s.xr.u No. ha1 orcxvr into sayarol
eoupanles and we needed. expert as
s1elenes. TO this end Mai. Epps
poW = prominent attorney at the
punssT tsr ana y PRESENT ssnatoi senate
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-06-03

dant opportunity to observe other
ooys, who have been under that same
influence. wish to express the opin-
ION that the military training that the
noys have received has been q dis
tlnct benefit to them. The objections
raised that such training viii lead to
inilitarism or brutality are absolutely
without foundation in fact. Expert
ence has shown that under military
training the boys have shown marked
improvement in their Carriage and
manner; that such training cuitivates
prompt obedience. alertness, precision,
neatness, while at the same time II
encourages manliness in department.
and improves the general tone of the
student body. I have never seen the
first symptom Of development of bru-
tality or undue militarism. have
no hesitancy in advising the high
schools of the State to adopt military
training wherever practicable"
j. q. Swearingen, State superintcn-
dent of education, writes as follows:
Their military training has given
them that fine touch of politeness and
consideration characterizing the inter-
course Of gentlemen of the highest
type. The effects of this training on
the school, the boys. and the COM
munity have been admirable
DR.. w. S. Currell, president of the
University Of South Carolina, says:
THE University of South Carolina
mas had pupils from the Sumter high
school for number of years and
they are amongst the very best train
ed and prepared students that we
nave at our institution. The young
men from this high school who have
been students at the University of
South Carolina give no, evidence what
ever of brutality nor do they evince
the spirit of militarism falsely said
to be characteristic of graduates of
military institutions"
DR.. II. N. Snyder, president Of Wof-
ford college. writes:
1T gives me great pleasure to say
that we find the students trained in
the Sumter high school to be we'll
trained not only in scholarship but
in conduct and in character. They
show none Of the qualities which those
who oppose military training in
schools fear"
Many Of our students after grad
uation go to college. Some do not,
and. in addition to this, there is a
long period in which the students who
are receiving this military training
are i'm Sumter. / have, therefore, re-
quested letter from l.. ID. Jennings,
who has been mayor Of the city for
quite number of years-a genie
man who, as it is we'll known, does
not hesitate to express his opinion
honestly and fearlessly. The mayor
says: my observation leads me to
the belief that military training in
the Sumter high school has not cul-
t!vated a spirit of miltarism or bru-
tality; on the contrary. it seems to
have had the effect of Keeping the
boys In school until graduation, while
fitting them to be soldiers should the
single instance among the many boys
trained in military tactics in the high
school, where such training had the
slightest tendency toward brutality or
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-06-03

the inculcation of a spirit of milf.
tarism."
| how Is 1t at school? Are the BOYS
there militaristic or brutal? NAV
say that even what the bows call
scrap" is an exceedingly rare occur
renee and they do not tolerate an act
or imposition. Only a few weeks ago
we had boy to say to us that h;s
rather was travelling man and he
mad to move from town to town ana
from State TO State. and thar he was
very sorry to leave us, for aItho,,rn
ne was a new boy, the boys had treat
led him like brother. mention this
only to make the circuit of evidence
complete. ~
But we are told by a writer in one
OF the leading magazines of America,
that military training in tho public
nigh school results either in mill
tarism or in failure. To answer this
1 have asked for an expression from
three men greatly interested in mill
tary affairs of our city. Their letter
is given below.
Capt. Robt. T. Brown, Capt. Geo. c.
Warren and Maj. James w. Bradford
have made the following report:
I'm compliance with your request
for information in regard to the mill
tary efficiency Of men who enlist in
the Sumter Light Infantry, company
l.. Second infantry. N. G., S. c., from.
the Sumter high school battalion. we
submit the following statements:
Il. Since the beginning of military
instruction at the Sumter high school
practically all the officers and. the
non-commissioned officers of the
Sumter Light Infantry have been men
whose fundamental military training
was received during the formative
period of life while at the Sumter
high school.
"2. In comparing recruits coming
to us from the Sumter high school
with those who have not had previous
military training our experience has
been that the former can be placed
Immediately anywhere in ranks, while
the latter have to be trained for a.
considerable length of time in awk-
ward squad before they can be used
at all, anywhere.
I'VE, the undersigned, have each
enjoyed the privilege of commanding
the Sumter Light Infantry and take
pleasure in stating that, with prac-
ticaliy no exceptions. those who en-
list in that organization from the
Sumter high school make manly SOL
diers and the company has always
had just reason to feel proud of
them"
Let me say that, when our military
department was organized we did not
have military preparedness anywhere
in our system of thinking. We. or
ganized it for the reasons given above
and many of the advantages that had
not then occurred to us have become
apparent since the SYSTEM was intro
duced. We believe in peace. We
preach 1t and try to practice it. But
we have long believed that only the
strong can be gracefully magnani-
nous and our country needs at this
time more than at any other period i'm
its history the graceful magnanimity
that comes from strength. Certainly
1t would not detract from this
strength If from every high school
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-06-03

and orsaStion. II certainly is a
distinct asantage to the school to
have II iiSsan organization that makes
the machinery Of the school run with
precision and smoothness. It is an
radvantagastor a principal of one
school to- RgAble to- request the COM
mandant Of the boys higi, school to
send over so or rs boys ia military
formation and to know that it will
be done without trouble or incon-
venicnce to any one.
Wee have found that this military
discipline stimulates some of the
great and stern and fundamental vir-
tues of strong character. To learn
to obey by obeying; to learn that
to command one must first learn to
obey; to learn in practical way to
have consideration for the rights and
feelings of others; to learn the value
OF truth by a necessary adherence to
details, to learn the absolute need Of
concentration CT mind. if one would
excel in the drill: to have the sugges-
ton of moral uprightness by the hab-
tual erect carriage of the military
cadet-ail Of these are lessons that
one may learn from the daily drill
and these lessons are taught SO unob-
trusively that the student does not
feel the oppressiveness of the direcr
moral lesson.
1t has been definitely charged that
military training in the public high
school leads to brutality and mill
tarism. This is no man of straw set
up simply for the pleasure of COM
plete demolition; but it is an actual
reason urged by a prominent educa-
tor in a large city not far from, Chi
cago. The chairman Of the board of
education Of that city wrote me that
there We're nine members of tho
board, that five were in favor of mill
tary training In the public high
school and four opposed. That the
superintendent had given as his ex
cathedra opinion that 1t would surely
lead to brutality and militarism.
This is question that can not be
argued in an academic way. There
are those, who would maintain the
affirmative Of this question with such
convincing cOgency as to create an
element of doubt in the mind of the
seeker after truth, until he should
have become fortified by the more
logical reasoning of those, who could
point out the fallacy Of such specious
reasoning. Fortunately academic dis
cussion is not necessary. IF, after
fifteen years Of continuous trial, we
can show that military training In the
public school does not result in mill
tarism or brutality, a very great bur-
den of proof will rest on our oppon-
ents to demonstrate without question
that our experience is an exception to
the general rule. To this end l have
written to some gentlemen, who are
in position to know our students and
their testimony is given below. MAY
we not ask that these letters he read
with care by those who arc really
looking for the truth of this question
that means so much to the educa-
ttonal world in America today?
The excerpts from the letters fol-
low:
Gov. r. 7. Manning says: "Ninc
of my own sons have attended the
au,nt%r, high school. have had nhnn-
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-06-03

fastsnsd~ upsn an institution by a
sfnsls 2 sac educational legislation.
This Phase of training must grow
Into q system Of SCHOOL, It refuses
to be tackled on. Some, schools have
fAailsd because they were not willing
g. y Wall Tor development. 8s,;sa (.
AS has been mentioned above. our
ooys wear their uniforms only upon
dress occasions. Our drill period is
10 minutes day. Immediately az
ter this drill there is a recess period
OF 10 minutes The class orsaniza-
tions are not dependent upon the
military organization. One may be. a
private in his class and an officer in
his company. and vice versa. He
thus learns how to obey and to COM
mand almost simultaneously.
The school penalties do not conflict
with those for breaches of /, military
regulation. After the student has
finished his duties in the class room
and has made UP any time due there,
he serves his time in walking post
on the school campus with the stipul-
lation' that no student is required to
walk extra duty longer than As min
utes after the regular. hour for dis
missal. His time that may still be
due is carried over by the officer Of
the day.
A medal Is offered for proficiency
in the manual of arms. The whole
on a fixed day is reduced
to nine men. These nine men COM
pete on the day of the dress parade
and they are reduced to three. These
compete for medal on the first night
Of the closing exercises OF the school.
An annual battalion dress parade is
held. which attracts the people Of
the city In large numbers.
Military organization in the high
school appeals to the adolescent in
The organization of military COM
panies i'm the school is, therefore, q
appeal to an interest
and an instinct and the result, If sane
methods are used. Is naturally graft.
flying. The students are very fond
OF the drill and In our own schools
they are just as enthusiastic about 1t
as they were 15 years ago and the
condition Of the battalion Is at pres
ent better than it has ever been be-
fore. on account of the natural de-
vclopment and because the traditions
have with age become more firmly
fixed.
We have found that it gives to the
boys school the atmosphere of
masculinity that Is desirable and that
appeals very strongly to the boys
themselves. We believe I'm the
segregation of the sexes. We believe
that the atmosphere of a boys school
should be vibrant with vigorous viril-
ity. This does not imply brutality,
for "the bravest are the tenderes,,
the loving are the daring" and
tenderness IL as divine as strength"
hut there Is an atmosphere of un-
obstrusive strength, OF latent force of
masculine masterfulncss, and 1t is this
atmosphere that should pervade q
school for boys Of the adOloscent age.
we have found that military organ
ization adds materially to the quail
ties of the kind Of environment that
we seek.
The adoiescent loves order. system
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-09-23
The National View

Huglcs's Bold Stand.-Goyernor
Hughes has gone after the Wilson nd
ministratlon with sledge- hammer
blows. according TO reports from the
middle West, where he is now cam
paigning, and his audiences have ex-
hibited q responsiveness and euthus-
lasm highly gratifying to the RepublI
can managers. Taking as his text Mr.
Wilson's statement Of four years ago.
our platform Ia not mOlasscs to catch
flies, Mr.. Hughes has shown that most
OF the Democratic platform pledges
have been broken. including those re-
garding economy in public cxpendi-
lures. the creation of useless Offices,
the lowering Of the cost of living, the
repeal Of the Panama canal tolls law.
the single presidential term. the nro-
lection of American citizens abroad,
etc. Referring to the Adamson wage
increase law, Mr.. Hughes has said,
1T was nothing more than measure
to fix wages and as measure to fix
wages ii must be judged. II as such
n measure II was justified. It needs
no further excuse. We are not con-
cerned with anything that was said of
the Judgment Of society with respect
to an eight hour work day. There is
plainly 10 judgment of society on the
increase of wages this bill requires.
The phrase eight hour day is appar-
emily used TO tickle the public ear in
order 10 establish something quite
different" And again. THE Adamson
bill Is force bill 1t was legislation
without inquiry, without knowledge.
The demand by the administration for