davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1916-01-20
On Industrial Relations Southern Building Washington DC

A basic theory of our Government,
shich found expression in the Home
stead Acts, was that every man should
nave opportunity to secure enough
land to support family. II this
theory had been carried out and home
steads had gone to those who would
use them productivity, or had remain
ed in the hands of the Government, WI
should not yet have q problem Of this
character. But these acts were
evaded, land was stolen outright by
wholesale, and fraudulent entries
were consolidated into enormous
tracts, which are now held by wealthy
individuals and corporations. (p. 3d.
It Is recommended:
|. l.. Vigorous and unrelenting prose-
tution to regain all land, water power
nd mineral rights secured from the
Government by fraud
3. A revision Of our land laws go
Rs to apply to all future land grants
he case Of water rights in California,
md provision for forfeiture in case Of
aon-use.
nto use by making the tax on non
IOUUCLltS l6AO tu0 SA4uC - OA ~ "
1uctive land Of the same kind. and
.xempting all improvements. Up. S7)
4. The establishment Of national
employment system under the Depart
ment Of Labor, with adequate appro-
priations and staff to act as nation
nj clearing house" for the unemploy-
ed, with power to license, regulate,
and supervise all private employment
agencies doing an interstate business,
and with authority to prepare the
plans for national insurance Against
unemployment (p. 1917
s. The immediate creation Of q
special board to prepare plans for per-
forming the largest possible amount
Of work during the winter and to de-
wise a program for the future for per-
forming during periods Of depression
such public work as road building.
construction Of public buildings, re-
forestation, irrigation, and swamp
drainage. (p. 1922
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1916-01-20

fCon4asusA on Pe~@ a.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1916-01-20
THE TRUTH ABOUT AMERl-
CAN INDUSTRY

Have the workers received a fair
share of the enormous increase in
wealth which has taken place in this
country during the last twenty-five
years, largely as result of their la
bors? The answer is emphatically-
NO! fp. 81
The wealth of the country between
1890 and 191 Increased. f3om IS to
| 1877 billions, or 1873 per cent? whereas
the aggregate income of wage eaFners
in manufacturing, mining and trans
portation increased between 1888 and
1909 only 95 per cent from 2,516 mil
lions in 1889, to 4,916smillions in 1903.
The most exhaustive investigation
ever made showed that the incomes of
almost two-thirds Of the wage earners,
families (including the earnings OF
father mother and childrenl were less
than $3.50 a year, and Of almost one
third were less than $500.
All the investigations that have
been made in different parts of the
country show that the least that a
family can live on in anything ap-
preaching decency is 500 per year.
These figures show concluSively
that between one-haH and two-thirds
of these families were living below
the standards of decent subsistence,
while about one-third were living in
a state of abject poverty. (p 100
American society was founded, and
for long time existed, upon the the,
ory. that the family should deriye. Its
support from the earnings of the
father. Now, investigation shows that
70 per cent of the fathers of wage
earning families earn less than 500
per year Therefore, less than one
fourth of these fathers could have
supported their families on the barest
subsistence level without the earnings
Of other members Of the family.
Thirty per cent of the families kept
boarders and dodgers, a condition
repugnant to every ideal of American
family life.
In ~ per cent Of The families two
OF more persons occupied each sleep
ing room. in 81 per cent, three or
more, and In Is per cent, four or more
persons. zssaa s.
In New York City one out Of every
twelve persons that died Is buried IN
the "potters' field" or turned over to
physicians for dissection. Everyone
knows that particularly among the
workers every dollar and every stick
of furniture will be sacrificed and UNI
ending debts will be incurred rather,
than allow member Of the family
to lie in a paupeTs grave. Up. 11.)
Between one-fourth and one-third Of
the male workers IL years Of age and
over, in American factories and mines,
earn less than SO per week; from
two-thirds to threefourths earn less
than 416 and 0nlY about One-tenth
earn more than $40 per week. This
does not take into account lost work
ing time for any cause. Up. 25.)
All available statistics, however,
show that in. our great basic indus
tries the workers are unemployed On
an average at leaN one-fifth Ut the
year. (p.. 34)
From two-thirds to three-fourths Of
the women workers in factories, stores
and laundries work at wages OF less
than So per week Approximate sly, one
fifth earn less than 81, and nearly one
half earn less than Sc per week. (p.26l
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1916-01-20

constitutional guarantees erected
workers have been denied to them
II used as a cloak for the misdeeds
OF corporations. Up. 39.)
An examination of the evidence
1@s that every oneAof these charges
fully justified. =
First, the workers have just grounds
Or the charge that the legislatures
lave been criminally slow in acting
or the relief Of grievous wrongs,
and have used every subterfuge to
escape adequate action, even while
thousands OF men, women and child.
en- were being killed, MANNED, or de-
formed as a result of their negligence.
Up. 42.)
It required seventy-f1ve years to Sc
cure even partial protection for child
labor, fifty years for laws protecting
women against extreme hours of labor
and night work twenty-five years for
the beginnings ct safety in factories,
and twenty-five years to free the seq
men from slavery. (p. 400
This has not been the result entire
" of the complacency and slothful-
ness of Legislature, but powerful In
fluences supported by the employing
lasses have been at work corrupting
legislators, deceiving the public. con-
ling officials and debauching the
State. Up. 42.)
Second after wholesome and neces.
sary laws are passed they are largely
nullified by the courts upon technicali-
ties OF character which are not held
to invAlidate legislation favorable to
thu interests of property owners, or
are thrown out upon the broad ground
Of unconstitutionality, through strain
ed construction Of constitutional pro-
visions, Up. ~
Such action is doubly evil because
the power to declare laws unconstitu-
tional has been assumed by the courts
in the face Of complete absence OF
legal sanction. in complete disregard
Of early decisions denying the posses
sion Of such power, and in complete
contrast to the practices Of courts IN
every other country. Up. 49,
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1916-01-20

operated with hired labor on the FAC
tory system" The conditions on sucn
estates are deplorable, not only be-
cause Of the extremely low wages
paid $50 cents a day on one OF the
largest and richest). but even more
becausea these estates, embracing en-
tire counties and towns, are a law
unto themselves and the absolute die
tators of the Hives, liberties and happi-
ness of their employees. It is indus
trial feudahsm in an extreme form.
Such estates are, as rule, property
Of absentee millionaire landlords, who
live in the eastern cities or in Europe.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1916-01-20
& CAUSES or INDUSTRIAL
UNREST

The sources from which industrial
unrest springs are:
l. Unjust distribution of wealth
and income. q
g.. Unemployment and denial Of az
opportunity to earn a living.
5. Denial of justice in the creation,
in the adjudication and in the admin
istration OF law.
4. Denial Of the right and oppor-
tunity to, form effective organizations.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1916-01-20
SIGNED By cHARMAN FRANK

which prevent effective ORGANIZATION
and cooperation, reserying for per
formance by the Government those
services whic.- cannot be effectively
conducted by volunteer organizations
and those which are of such vital i'm
portance to the entire Nation that
they should not be left to the hazard
of private enterprise. 70. A.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1916-01-20

Every statement in this report
IL based upon official govern
nient reports, upon the uneon-
troverted testimony Of witness
es, or upon documentary evil
denee, such as the famous
Observation-Disclosures Letters.
The hearings Of the Commission
occupied, 1874 days, and of the
74O witnesses, 23o represented
employers, PAS labor, and 262 not
AFFILIATED with either group.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1916-01-20
The Committee on Industrial Relations.

lisa formed medium cooperation between the
fundamental
reforms the Nation the necessity for putting into
practice the of the Commission
The of the three principal
Publicity labor conditions labor disputes and all political
and social developments that affect labor Nj
Education the
ndstahli 3 aRs
abolish the eua1sc
employers arbitrary the courts
THE NATIONAL COMMITTEE
P. arman Missouri
JOHN E. LENNON, Treasure Illinois. !.
JAMES OCONNEII4 Washington, D. G.
AUSTIN GARRETSON, Rapids
Indianapolis
JOHN FITZPATRICK, Chicago, Illinois,
HELEN MAROT, New York City, New York
AGNES MISTER. Chicago Illinois,
RT REV c. D. WILLIAMS, Detroit Michigan.
FREDERIC G. HOWE, City, New York
AMOS PINCFOT Now York City, New York
DANTE BARTON. Vice Chairman Washington d. g.
BASIL NJ MANLEY
p.
BRADLEY Secretary!
THE OHIO COUNTY COMMITTEE.
WALTER B HILTON, Chairman
A. L. BAUER.
LEONARD.
L..
q
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1916-01-20
GET THE COMPLETE
REPORT.

Ri. ia a condensed statement
a.. hio facts and recommeE-
9..;ons in the report Of the Com
a e.;.sIon on Industrial Relations.
~" fuII report contains not on
" the detailed Evidence. sx'dsnGs up s,e
Sased, but the results OF the i'm
oortant Investigations made by
t ~ Commission, such as the
omIIman Company, the telegraph
md telephone companies, the
Colorado strike, the Rockefeller
foundation, unemployment and
scientific management.
If you want a copy Of the re-
nort write your Senator or Rep
rresentative at Washington.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1916-01-20

*Numbers refer to pages in
final report of the Commission
m Industrial Relations.
Denver labor bulletin., 1916-09-02
IMMIGRATION FIGURES FOR JUNE.
European War Continues Main Factor
in Reducing Incoming Aliens.

During June of this year 81 ,296 immi-
grants were admitted, reports the fed
eral bureau of immigration. In June,
1915, the number was 2S,499, and in
June. 1914. s5,O94. During the latter
period, which was before the European
war, Austria contributed 6,s74; last
June. 3O6. Bulgaria, Servia and Monte
negro combined contributed SO in June,
1914: last June, 2l. other southern
and southeastern European nations main
tanned like proportions.
During juno. 1916. the number of Ia
borers totaled 1862; farm laborers,
3.422: servants. $3.50; and farmers, 500.
In the skilled trades and callings, clerks
and accountants led with III, followed
by carpenters and joiners, 524; mariners,
329; seamstresses. 2l9; and dressmak-
ers, 20S.
New York state received 9,23S of these
immigrants; Massachusetts, 1916; Mich
igan. 2.7l3; Pennsylvania, 2,037; Califor-
mia, l,44s, and Ohio, l,O45.
Practically none of this immigration
was diverted to Southern states. Ar
kansas and North Carolina received two
each; South Carolina, 5; Kentucky and
Mississippi, each; Georgia, Is; Ten
nessee, 10, and Alabama 26.
Denver labor bulletin., 1916-09-02
NATURALIZATION BUREAU
URGES ALIEN INSTRUCTION
SEEK INCREASED SCHOOL FAcILI-
TIES FOR IMMIGRANTS.
Candidates for United States Citizenship
TO Be Given Broader Field for
Educa tional Opportunities.

Greatly increased school facilities are
TO be provided this fall for the instruc-
tion OF foreign-born residents of the
United States and especially for alien
candidates for citizenship. During the
last scholastic year the public school
authorities of approximately $50 cities
and towns in forty-four states OF the
Union We're cooperating with the bureau
of naturalization of the United States
Department of Labor in this branch of
its educational activity. According to in
formation thus far received by the bu-
reau. nearly 100 others have signified
their intention of joining in the move
ment and all indications now point to
n most gratifying record for the l9l6-l7
school year.
1t is the desire OF the bureau of nat
uralization that public school night
classes be installed wherever the need
exists for the education and American
ization of foreigners. This field of op-
Grafton of the public schools is not linn
tied to those who have applied for nat
uralization. 1t is intended to include
all foreign born residents whose instruc-
ton in English and civics would, beyond
question, result not only in great per
sonal benefit to themselves but would
be of signal advantage to the city in
which they reside, and, logically, to the
nation as well
That the cost of the establishment
and maintenance of such schools is rel
atively small as compared with the great
good accomplished, is convincingly shown
by reports received from the public
school authorities who co-operated with
the bureau of naturalization last year.
With this in view, the bureau is urging
the superintendents of schools all over
the country to insert in their municipal
budget for next year an item providing
funds to cover the expense of carrying
on this public night school work.
Denver labor bulletin., 1916-09-02
COMPROMISE.

little colored girl, newcomer in
Sunday school, gave her name to the
teacher as Fertilizer Johnson" Later
the teacher asked the child's mother if
that was right.
Eyes, ma'am, dat's her name," said
the fond parent. you see, she was
named for me and her father. Her
fathers name was Ferdinand and my
name is Liza So we named her Fertil-
izer.''-Boston Transcript.
Denver labor bulletin., 1916-09-02
REPROACHFULLY.

1t was her first voyage, and, of course,
she was nervous. Moreover, she had made
herself hated by the officers because of
her foolish questions. 1t fell to the lot
of the steward to silence her finally.
Doesn't this ship tip good deal?"
she remarked timidly to that Official.
''The vessel, madam" he replied suave-
ly, sis merely trying to set good ex-
ample to the passengers"
Denver labor bulletin., 1916-09-02
CAUSE FOR GLADNESS.

The pessimist was suffering from
rheumatism.
Every bone in my body aches" he
complained.
you ought to be glad you are not a
herring" said the optimist.-Life.
Denver labor bulletin., 1916-09-02
RETORT COURTEOUS.

81 suppose there's nothing doing for
a live wire like me in this stupid town
of yours"
well ! don't know. There's several
live wires lik you doing time here."-
Exchange.
Denver labor bulletin., 1916-09-02
HARD TO CONVINCE.

Rafferty," said Mr.. Dolan, "are you
wan o those people that never know
when they're whippedf"
81 am not But take nobody's word
for it except the doctors after / come
Washington Star.
Denver labor bulletin., 1916-09-02
MO MORE FAIRY TALES.

"Children are getting all mixed these
days"
'sWhat's on your mind?"
MY little nephew only knows Robin
Hood as a character in a comic opera.
Pittsburg Post.
Denver labor bulletin., 1916-09-02

" LEWIS ALEXANDER MCONlNE
(Author of Poems of the TempleD
Among the wonders OF the West,
Where Colorados mountains grand
Rear high their heads, each snowy crest
Seen from afar thruout the land,
weary craftsman, from the care
And toll of endless struggles came
Where many mystic beauties rare
The mysteries OF worlds proclaim.
The canons wild and torrents course,
A mile above the oceans tide,
Display sublmity and force,
Where trace of natures freaks abide.
The craters where, thru ages past,
The slumberng, pent-up forces hide,
Where raging fires of wrath have cast
Their molten masses far and wide.
l feel the inspiration keen
OF balmy air and skies of blue, B
OF sun kissed mountain peaks at morn,
with shaded slopes yet bathed in dew.
The turquoise shades in ether clear,
OF blended hues in distance thrown
Where mountain peaks their submits rear
Above the clouds in grandeur shown.
Six thousand feet above the face
OF oceans tide, commissions deep
Have riven rocks and given place
For rushing torrents downward sweep,
Thru awful chasms, bo ulder strewn,
The roaring waters never cease,
And with each sweep in canon's depths
The wonders of the increase.
Come view the wonders of this land,
Where grand sublimty reveals
The Architect with skillful hand,
Whose power each living creature feels.
In quest of health and strength I came,
Directed by the Masters hand,
Whose love these miracles proclaim,
Thru which ] learn to understand.
And hopes benignant smile is cast
Ger careworn life with clouded skies,
While pulsing throbs of health at last
Reveal the from which they rise.
record with zeal and joy,
The gifts experience has given,
craftsman still in the employ
OF the Grand Architect of Heaven.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1916-05-29
COMES TO ARRANGE
SALEM CHAUTAUQUA

J. c. Herbsman, well known in Chao-
tauqua circles Of this city, win arrive
in Salem Tuesday, June 6, represent
ing the Ellison-Whito Chautauqua, to
confer with the officers and directors
regarding the Chautauqua to be held IN
Salem one week beginning Wednesday,
July 10.
Mr.. Horbsman during the past year
has been in charge Of the public SPEAK
ing department Of the University Of
Washington and last summer was super
intendent in charge during the Chan
tauqua.
Within a few days a luncheon meet
ing viii be called of the officers and
directors to arrange for the meeting
with Mr. Herbsman and plan for the
coming Chautauqua. The Officers are:
President, Dr. H. c. Epley; vice-presi
dent A. A. Lee; secretary, @. Z. Know
land; treasurer, Henry Compton, who
will have charge of the Chautauqua' CO.
operating with the following directors;
Joseph H. Albert, Henry Compton, Rev.
R. N. Avison, Rev. r. f. Fischer, Rev.
James Elvin, L. H. Compton, G. G.
Brown Rev. f. T. Porter, @. f. Know
land, Mrs W. E. Kirk, Mrs. DR.. Fisher,
Mrs f. A. Elliott, W. Staley, 0. NJ.
Elliott, R. j. Hendricks, Paul Wallace,
j. H. Scott, Carle Abrams, William Ne
Gilchrist, Jr., G. P. Bishop, w. H. Ham
ilton, Mrs. Florian Won Esehen, Mrs. +.
G. Epley, Mrs. L. x. Page DR.. NJ. G.
Findley.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1916-05-29
Salem Has 1879 Pupils
Attending Schools

At the closing of the school year,
3,479 pupils are in attendance at the
public schools, according to the report
Of Superintendent o. NJ. Elliott for the
school month ending May 10. The boys
seem to be staying with the public
schools, much more than few years ago,
as Of this number, there are l,64S boys
and 1871 girls. In the primary schools,
ages between six and nine years, the
number is equal, 37s boys and the same
girls. Between the ages of nine and 70,
the girls are 21 in the majority. Be.
tween the ages Of I2 and IA, once again
the boys and girls are equal in num-
Der, 273 for each. Between the ages
of IA and 20, the girls forge ahead,
numbering 527 to 5O4 for the boys.
Over 20 years Of age, there are 20 boys
and 12 girls.
During the month, 346 parents visit.
ed the school which seems to indicate
that the parents take rather more ae-
tive interest as the school year is clos
ing. The senior class of this year num-
bers l09 while the senior class Of next
year will be much larger. The gradual
ing classes have been becoming larg-
er each year and hereafter, part Of the
class will be graduated at the close Of
the first semester.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1916-05-29
LEAGUE LEADERS TO
BATTLE FOR HON0RS
ON LEAGUE GROUNDS
Salem and Battling BradfOrds
Clash TOmOrrOW--DOubIe
Header

Salem must win tomorrow 5 game
with the Battling Bradford s to lead
the league with percentage of .66e
and even at that the Bradford's will
share the leadership with the same per.
eentage as the Bradfords have won six
and lost two while Salem with its in.
herited twin losses from Gresham is
credited with five wins and three
losses. If Salem wallOps the Bradfords
each will be credited on the official
records with six wins and three games
lost. Should the Bradfords win, how.
ever, and stranger things have happen
ed they will be entitled to lead the
league with a percentage of .777 while
Salem must be contented to drop behind
Woodburn with a percentage of 555.
All of which goes to show that Sa.
lem has something at stake tomorrow
and that the game will be battle
royal from start to finish unless the
weather man turns his attention to-the
srrinkling business Yesterday s crowd
was the largest of the season but Sa-
lem fans show disposition to "wait
till the clouds roll by" and if the
bright sunshine had happened along
an hour earlier yesterday the grand
stand and bleachers would have shown
many new faces The fans are assured
tomorrow that they win be the spec
tators at real bail game regardless, OF
murky sky and good crowd is prom
ised for the contest between the league
leaders.
Cole, the Stayton twirler, has been
making record for himself about the
valley and yesterday pitched a two-hit
game. He is anxious to show the 81.
lem people that he can deliver the goods
and probably win be the mainstay in
the box during the remainder of the
season. The signing of Barham by the
Vancouver league team will give Cole
his chance with Salem and the clever
young twirler will be seen in action to-
morrow.
Salem high school and Newberg will
play preliminary game at o'clock
and the main event viii start immedi-
ately after the high school game at
about O'Clock. Both games win be
for the price of one admission.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1916-05-29

ANSWERS QUESTION ''WHo is
WILLIAM GRANT WEBSTER?'


To the Editor; There seems to be
some curiosity concerning "Who S.
William Grant Webster9" Being
member of that family, and having the
data to work from ! win furnish the
required information so that the public
may know whom several republicans
voted for as q presidential candi
date at the late primary.
About the year 1853 one John Web
ster came from Warwickshire, England,
to the Massachusetts, colony and fin
ally settled at or near Hartford, Conn.
He was elected magistrate in 1850,
which office he held until 1865 when ho
was elected deputy governor and ~
1866 governor.
He had four sons, Matthew, William,
Robert and Thomas, and William Grant
is a descendant in the eighth genera
tion in the line of Thomas. Willama'
father was Methodist preacher ana
was settled at Sycamore, ILL.,, at the
time our candidate was born, which
wos ON the Gath day of February, 1860.
He graduated from the Evanston II. y.
in 1879, was then two years in the
ANhi NA W NNolNAn NhANtANlly anu MbH
graduated from Harvard an A. B. in
1880 aud from the Columbia Law school
an l.. l.. M. in 1883. He was admitted
to the bar in the District of Columbia
the same year and to the United States
supreme court in 1893; was clerk in the
treasury department. 1888 'S5 in the
department Of labor, 1878 $50, in gen
eral land office, 1889 '93, and lawyer,
in office Of Robert T. Lincoln in CHI
cagO, ILL.,, lS93-'06. In 1897 he organ
lied and became the first dean of the
Cleveland, Ohio, law school, 1895. 1901,
president Of the Rhode Island law
school, Providence, r. l., organized by
himself, 1898, organized and became the
first dean Of the John Marshall law
school of Chicago, Ill.,, 1900, Travelled in
Europe and, 1892 toured England. Ger.
many, Austria and Holland, 1908. '04,
resided in Rochester, Buffalo and
Brooklyn, M Y, 1906, 1908, 1912, can
didate for U. s. senate from Illinois.
polling 1882, 14,704 and 2i,567 votes
respectively in the primaries. As a can
didate for congressman-at-large in IT,
linois he pOlled in 1912, 4S,720 votes. He
was unmarried in 1913 and resided az
1908 Seventeenth street, Washington,
ID. G., also address, 707 Rector Building,
Chicago, I'll.
What has happened to him since the
above date / cannot say, but to Judge
from his activities heretofore, he has
been busy at something besides running
for office, although having little time
outside Of campaigning for other busi-
ness.
d. WEBSTER.