davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09
Preparedness Without Big Standing Army

men do not put in three solid years
training as soldiers, as in the standing
attend to their everyday business. Even
the mass of officers are business men.
Nevertheless. /, who saw the mobili-
cation. shall never forget how sud
denly it came on US, and how it touched
life and death.
In Switzerland every boy is soldier
and every graybeard. too.
How do they do it?
Briefly there is a nucleus of profess
sional officers-1ike our regular army
officers. who are all ready to go on
the job should we adopt the system.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

America. because Americans do not
realize the danger lire the Swiss The
Swiss know what's what. They arc
crazy to be prepared. Why. in tho
schools at Bern. you see boys playing
games almost naked, in winter. They
are working up the physical qualities
OF the Swiss people"
Birmingham says that il is big sub
ject. and that the Swiss have been
working on it forty years
America has everything to impro-
vise," he insists. Take the mere es-
Establishment of a field telephone serv-
ice. Have you an idea how much prac.
tice 1t requires?'
And the railroad service. Personally
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09
CHASTITY.
! VI

G UPT. CLABACGH of the Chicago de.
partment of justice was talking
about the nationwide anarchist plot
that was exposed last month.
1T was as CHASTITY thing" he said
well, it was as CHASTITY a thing as
the fishing story.
"A mother came home from class and
found her little boy of four bending
over the cistern with a piece Of pie
fastened to the end of cane.
What under the sun are you do
ing? the mother asked.
why said the four-year-old, I
dropped baby in here and I've been
fishin' for her more'n an hour. but
can't even get a bite.'"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

Systematically so many thousand
shells every year for years back. The
whole army of the Engadine is on
skis. Shows don't stop them. In the
valley of the Rhone they have military
signs. Tt Is forbidden to go up on the
peaks of the east Forbidden. Why.
they are hard peaks-so We think them
for hardened Alpinists in summer.
Forbidden to wander up there! 1
filmed 800 men taking artillery to those
peaks, and they returned without los
ing a man."
at hardens them?" said
You ought to see their officers.
without overcoats, lodging down on
skis in cold and snow, and the SOL
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

not our mission to live to eat but to
eat to live and that from a great
economic standpoint we must adopt and
utilize such foods as have virtues neces-
sary for the building up of wasted It's
sues and supplying renewed energy to
perfect health. Education along these
lines is the basic principle for a success
full solution.
Until the masses and not merely
the interested few are educated, there
can be no intelligent decision or funda-
mental principle to work upon The
great consuming power is vested in the
housewife, as it falls to her lot to be-
come the buyer, and therefore ultimate
ly, the judge of food commodities, good
bad or Indifferent: and her knowledge,
or lack of the same. governs ner choics'
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

4cERr.1N AVERAGE oFHTsHE

primary "landstrum," where they sim
ply keep on making bulrs-eyes. but
when the grand call to defend the
hearth goes out there are no age dis
tinctions. and Switzers of fifty, sixty
and seventy fight beside the youngsters.
except that if they're feeble they do
sedentary jobs like blowing up bridges
and defending canyons. All keep their
uniform and gun hanging, ready. on
the peg at home. The officers. between
times, teach Swiss boys from sixteen
to nineteen their military preparation"
before they receive their uniforms and
arms. at the age of twenty. This is
why they wanted Burlinghams films to
post up the oldsters and the youngsters.
In a word, instead of three solid years
of army service they do sixty-fve or
ninety days the first year and then
eight periods of eleven to fourteen days,
plus lot of target shooting and GER
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

right side of his profit and loss ac-
count, SO he signs up with the cheaper
man. All goes well for time. and
then the quality deteriorates. The un-
suspecting public buys these goods
from the standpoint that they bear the
trade mark label Of prominent
grocery house, and therefore they must
be right, but the intelligent consumer
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09
Special Correspondence of The Star.
PARIS, March %, 1916.

a MERICA is discussing what
IN kind of an army to get up.
~ Why not. say l. consider the
q q Swiss militia system, which
Jaures declared would obviate the dan
gers of war for countries adopting it?
AS fact. it kept Switzerland out of
the war by being the first and quickest
modified in Europe. The handbills
were posted on August 1. 1914, and on
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

CWSS System in
- Reueda
Effective Its Kind Euupe-EveD
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

MRS EDWARD W. HOOKE President of the International
' Pure Milk and Food League Urges Housewives Demand
Better Foodhe nspects Factories and Investigates Conditions
of the Workers in The-M< and Babies-Some Valuable Sug
gesions for Housekeepers-The Pure Milk Crusade.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

knows this is a fallacy, the sooner ex-
ploded the better.
IT would also say to the housewife
that IL the article purchased Is not as
good as it ought to be. then take the
trouble to write, to the manufacturer.
Demand the best and 1t will be given,
and you will be doing good mission
airy work as well as getting a fair re-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

milk Mrs. Hooke sighed. "Oh. the poor
babies" she said. The appalling in
FAINT mortality shocks every thoughtful
person. Few realize the intimate rela-
ton between mind and body: in order
to have healthy mind and active brain
one must have healthy. clean body.
The nation wide Baby week planned
by the federal children'S bureau and
the General Federation of Womens
Clubs. during the week of March to
March II, it is to be hoped, has done a
big work toward the permanent and
systematic care of the welfare of mil
year should be Baby week.
IF We but stop to consider for mo-
ment that the babies of today are the
men and women of tomorrow, taking
up the problems that we are laying
down. will realize the duty We owe
to the coming generations in producing
and rearing healthy offspring; for per-
feet development depends entirely upon
such rearing. Mothers should try to
learn scientifically how and what to
feed their infants. 1t is conceded that
in countries where babies depend en-
tirely upon mothers milk we find
the lowest infant mortality. When this
is not possible the greatest care should
he taken in the selection of food ad-
miniStered.
Our league has taken babies literally
dying from malnutrition and. by proper
care and carefully prepared food, has
brought them back to life and health;
and we have done our part in sustaining
milk stations for the benefit of the very
poor We have gone through hundreds
of diaries to see how the milk comes
into the towns. and We have tried to do
our part in improving the quality of the
milk distributed.
Our work for pure milk Is largely
educational We give lectures to all
classes of women. mostly. illustrated by
moving pictures or lantern slides, show
ing the processes through which the
milk must pass before reaching the fam
lily. This arouses interest. and We beg
for missionary effort in the matter of
purchasing only from dealers who sup
ply milk from thoroughly sanitary dairy
farms We establish classes among
women, with experts to teach the rela-
tive values of food and give tests and
cooking demonstrations. We make ex-
cursions to dairy farms and go through
bottling plants: and we test the milk
sold in the city dairies and in the small
stores. condemning where 1t Is not up
to standard requirements.
THE great problem which confronts
housewives of all classes Is the intelli-
gent purchase and utilization of nutri-
tive food products. realizing that 1t Is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

diers with their heavy knapsacks and
guns adding to their speed, falling.
rolling, smashing a rib-you would
think them half dead. There's disci-
pline for you. Would the American
people stand it? Would they take or
ders to go down a mountainside on
skis when not experts? These Swiss
know how to ski, yes; but going
down heavily loaded at rush is diff
ferent. They had no practice. 1 saw
a gun fall on a man. There have been
more than a hundred killed since the
war began"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

legations prove to me that manufac-
turers court public opinion: and many
or them are going beyond the letter of
the law in hygienic measures and in
the food values they are putting into
their products. They have been stirred
up and have become individually in
'erested by our Investigations; and in
relation to their employees, many of
them are educating their people
through the libraries, rest and recrea-
ton rooms provided for them, really
lifting tn I'm to a knowledge of better
modes of living and higher plane
generally.
Il make my visits at any time. and
conditions as they actually exist. and
II there are errors to be corrected
make suggestions. / will give an in
stance of one visit j made within re-
cent months which gave me a great
deal of pleasure. Going through one
of the little stores which sell to the
poor in crowded locality in New
YORK, picked up package of mince-
meat made TO sell for 10 cents I
wanted to know what was the char
acter of the ingredients which could
be put up to fill a mince pie at this
price, so made note of the name of
the manufacturer
men l was attending club con-
Vention in the northern New York town
which contained this factory 1 slipped
on one afternoon when social event
was in progress. and after some diff
nculty found the side street in which
stood the mince meat factory. / step
ped into the office and asked to see the
proprietor Introducing myself, he
gave me a cordial invitation TO inspect
his premises.
Il can say in all truth that what
went into that package OF mince mea,
was a wholesome and thoroughly by
gienic combination of ingredients. The
apples we're dried. TO be sure, but. like
all the other fruits, were carefully
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

rs the Swiss system adapted to
America ," ! repeated.
1T does not take three solid years
out of mans life" he said. but all
must know how to shoot. 1t is nothing
without the discipline, and it might be
hard to get up Swiss discipline in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

Package goods are demanded by an
intelligent public, and the old saying
that we must eat our peck of dirt has
no place in modern home economics.
Remember. housewives. that the de-
mand of the consumer for clean.
wholesome foodstuffs has forced the
manufacturer to invent and install
modern machinery whereby it is posi-
Bile to produce package almost as
cheaply as bulk goods can be manufac-
tured. Grocers and other dealers CO.
operate in this demand and have warm
ly welcomed package goods as a great
economic factor, for the reason that it
saves labor and expense for weighing
and the space which, bulk goods neces-
state.
"If the grocer makes a profit which
he should do. he must figure percentage
of loss on his bulk goods through de-
terioration and spoilage. 1t is because
of the losses sustained by the retailer
in these commodities that he must in,
crease his price on fresh fruits and veg
etables to the consumer. In the final
analysis the consumer pays for every
thing. Package goods eliminate this
waste and are therefore an economic
factor which every housewife should
recognise"
When asked about her work for pure
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

turn for your money. The women hold
the situation in their hands. and they
should be satisfied with nothing but
the best.
Never buy an inferior article of
food. The best is cheapest. but in pay
ing for the best take the trouble to
find out that it is being given. Upon no
account accept food products of infe-
rior quality. Make notes of manufac-
turers who supply good products and
commend them, and to those who pro-
vide inferior goods write and do your
part in improving the food supply of
the nation.
Another thing | would impress upon
housekeepers is avoidance of the pur-
chase of foodstuffs in bulk when it
can be purchased in packages, we'll
sealed packages, too. Bulk goods are
easily adulterated on the part of the
manufacturer, jobber or retailer with
little or no possibility of placing the
blame. In the nature of things, too.
bulk stuff must be full of germs of
every sort. 1t lies day after day ex-
posed in groceries. and much of it
touched by many hands.
I'VE all remember the open pickle
and olive barrel. with dead flies float
ing on top of the brine, and more likely
than not several dead mice and other
vermin reposing in the bottom. and the
open oatmeal barrel, which was the
favorite haunt of the store cat for its
afternoon siesta.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-09

Here is the HILL he expla ined. OBJ
stacles are nothing. If you fall you fall
Five men fell only, and one broke a
leg. Just before they reached the crest
they pulled up and dismounted, and
while three men out of every four
The Washington herald., 1916-04-12
WILSON FACES
TWO COURSES
DetermmedEither to Put Sus-
sex Case Before Congress
or Dispatch Final Note.
WILL FORCE AN ACCOUNTING
WITH GERMAN GOVERNMENT

President Wilson is now understood
to be wavering between two courses
OF action on the submarine issue with
Germany. One is to take the matter
up with Congress and the other is to
embody accumulative evidence of re-
cent submarine attacks in a final note
to the Berlin foreign office. Both
courses were discussed at length at
the Cabinet meeting yesterday.
officials say the President has not
weakened in his determination to force
an accounting with Germany but they
add that Berlin's official disclaimer of
responsibility on the Sussex case and
the plea of justification for sinking
the four other ships, concerning which
the United States made representa-
tions, has practically forced the mat
ter back into the underwriting stage.
The possibility that diplomatic ne
EQUATIONS may be reopened on the
whole issue has already relieved the
tension somewhat. though Germany's
Keen resentment of President Wilson's
implication that its pledge to the
United States has been violated is an
unpleasant factor for the adminfstra-
tion to consider
The Washington herald., 1916-04-12
INMATES FARE
LIKE ANIMALS"
Senator Chamberlain Paints
Picture of Deplorable Condi-
tions at Asylum Hospital.
TELLS COMMERCE CHAMBER
OF NEED FOR NEW HOME

That inmates OF the Washington Asy.
lum Hospital receive poorer treatment
than do animals of Oregon was declared
last night by Senator George Z. Cham
berlain in an address before the Cham
ber Of Commerce. Senator Chamberlain
pledged himself to better the condition
of the poor devils, white and colored," !"
at the city's joint penal and eleemosyn-
ary institution. He said:
"As governor of Oregon and as an off,
cial in other capacities, had opportunity
to study closely penal and eleemosynary
institutions Of the State and so, in COM
ing to Washington, have taken a deep
interest in like establishments here.
There isn't penal or charitable in
stitution in oregon but that receives
more attention and consideration than
the Districts asylum hospital Even the
animals of Oregon receive more pity
than do the inmates of this hospital. I
promise to do all in my power to see
that those inmates receive at least the
same care as is given the dumb brutes
of Oregon"
Senator Chamberlain heard the cham
CONTINUED ON PAGE TWO.
The Washington herald., 1916-04-12
SOON
TO CUT SERBIA
Will Hold Conference in
Vienna to Partition Con-
quered Nation.
BULGARIA CERTAIN TO
RECEIVE LIONS SHARE

SPECIAL Gable to The Washington Herald.
Rome, April lion Germany's inItis,
tive negotiations will be started shortly
at Vienna between Austria and Bulgaria
with the object OF a final settlement of
the partition Of Serbia.
Although 1t has practically been decid-
ed that the lions share will be assigned
to Bulgaria, complications are feared ow-
ing to Bulgarias claim for saIoniki,
which. It Is said. was promised to her
on condition that Roumania remained
neutral.
This condition was inserted because
the Austrians and Germans would need
all available troops to defend TransyI-
vania and Bessarabia. Hence Austria
and Germany were unwilling to hasten
the attack on ssloniI<i, which was urged
by Bulgaria. Further complications are
feared in the case of Albania.
But in spite of doubt as the results.
Germany is said to be determined that
negotiations shall be initiated between
Austria and Bulgaria, hoping that Bull
garia VIII be satisfied with promises
coupled with financial compensation.
The Washington herald., 1916-04-12
French Hurl Back
German Attacks
Desperate Assaults of $4,000
Men Crumble Against
Verdun Line.
Special c.bl. to rhs washinrtOn Herald.

Special Cabla to Ths Washington Herald.
Paris, April 1.-THE amazing battle
on the left bank Of the Meuse continues
unsDated. The heroic French resistance
is still unbroken and the German at
tempts upon Deadman Hill and Hill No.
SO4 are now desperate.
Fighting has also spread to the oppo-
site bank of the river and French and
Germans are locked in a titanic struggle
between Dousumont and Yaux. Late
this afternoon the Germans succeeded at
great cost in gaining a footing in some
Of the French advance trenches. They
were Immediately elected, however, by
a counter-attack.
1t Is in the Mort Homme region. how
ever, that the greatest struggle of the
Verdun campaign is in progress. To-
ward the end OF the day the infantry
for the moment gave way to the artillery
and a terrific bombardment Of the French
positions Is now IN progress, ap-
parently in preparation for another at
tack
With the exception of one small Sec
ton' OF approximately 500 yards, the
French line from the ~Meuse to Avou-
court remains unbroken, despite the ut
most efforts of four German divisions
5000 men).
The Washington herald., 1916-04-12
WINS
IN ILLINOIS
Senator Leads IN G. O. P.
Preferential Primary
for President.
ROOSEVELT CHAMPION
RUNS FAR BEHIND SLATE
Special to ne Washington Herald.

Special to The washingtnn Herald.
Chicago, April Ex-senator Lawrence Y.
Sherman Is the choice of Illinois Repub-
licans for the Presidency. Early returns
in the first Presidential preference pri-
mary under the new law show the Re-
publican slate OF eight delegates-at-large
pledged to the support of Sherman has
been elected by large odds.
John Maynard Harlan, sole Col. Roose-
welt champion and the ninth name on the
Republican ticket in the delegate-at-
large group OF delegates, is running far
behind the slate. In the early returns
from Cook County Sherman was leading
Harlan in the ratio of seven to one.
Returns on the district delegates to
the Republican convention show sher-
man has apparently captured the entire
list.
The Progressive party has no contest
in any form. The organization list of
eight was formulated by the friends OF
Senator Lawrence Y. Sherman in agree
ment with former Gov. Deneen, Ma
tionaI Committeeman West, and Mayor
Thompson. 1t contains the names OF
Mr.. West, Mayor Thompson, MedIl Nc
cormlck, former vice chairman of the
Progressive national committee; VIII
lam J. Calhoun, who is to make the
nominating speech for Sherman In June;
Chairman Garrett Kinney. OF the Repub-
lean State committee; Congressmen
Mckinley and Rodenberg, and Isaac N.
Evans, the latter a Progressive member
of the State board Of equalization from
the Lowden district
In the Republican fight for organiza-
tion control early returns Indicate
Charles S. Deneen, twice governor of the
State, has defeated Mayor-w william Hale
Thompson and the remnant of the old
Lorimer guard, and that Roy o. West
will be reelected as national committee
man.
In the Democratic battle 1t is the old
feud Of twenty years standing between
Roger c. Sullivan against a Lewis-Dunn-
Harrison combination for control Of the
State convention, and Of the State COM
mittee. For the first time in many years
the old Bryan Democracy, through Cen
trail and Southern Illinois, was ALIGNED
with Sullivan. The early returns fndi-
cate that Sullivan was the victor.
The Washington herald., 1916-04-12
I. r. at Hartford
G.O.P.Gathering
Hears McLean's Harmony
Keynote Speech Before
Convention Opens.
psciAI to The Washington Herald.

Special To The Washington Heald
Hartford. Conn, April u.-ColoneI
Roosevelt arrived from Boston at ;
o'clock this afternoon. and after greet
ing his sister. the wife of Admiral Will
lam S. Cowles. was whisked away in
her automobile to Pennington, eIEht
miles west Of this city. where at O'Clock
tonight United States Senator George
P. Mclean delivered a kneynote speech
to the Republican State convention. at
tacking the Wilson administration and
prophesying that the accurate historian
Of fifty years hence will record that Taft
and Roosevelt loyalty supported the Re-
publican nominee of 1916.
"It is my firm belief that Mr.. Taft
and Mr.. Roosevelt will realize that n,-
tional honor and safety, and the peace
and prosperity of the nation, are of far
more consequence" said Senator Mclean,
than individual ambitions or personal
grievances, however welI-founded these
grievances may be-"
Senator Mclean paved the way for
Connecticut's fourteen delegates, who
will be elected without instructions to-
morrow, to grab good seats on the Roose-
welt band wagon. by saying that how
ever much Republicans and Progressives
might disagree as to the acts Of the last
Republican national convention, they
can easily agree that the basic prfn-
ciples of the Republican party were in
no way involved.
The Washington herald., 1916-04-12
BORDER AERO
MAKES RECORD
Army Plane Flies $50 Miles
From Pershing Headquar-
ters to Columbus, N. M.
BEST PREVIOUS FLIGHT
HAD COVERED ESQ MILES

All previous records for sustained night
in the army aviation service were broken
when. according to dispatch
received at the War Department from
Mai. Gen. Funston. an army biplane,
carrying Lieuts. Edgar S. Gorrel and
Herbert A. Dargue. arrived at Columbus,
N. Mex, after a S5p-miIe fight In four
hours from Brig. Gen. John ]. Pershfns's
headquarters in Mexico.
The best previous cross-country flight
for the army service was made by Capt
Dodd. of the Signal Corps. who few a dis
tance of approximately $50 miles from
the army aviation school at San Diego.
Cal Before that the record was held by
Lieut. Milling. who few from Galveston
to San Antonia, q distance of 70 miles.
without alighting. Both Capt. Dodd and
Lieut.. Milling are with the First Aero
Squadron in Mexico. lieut.. Gorren was
one Of the aviators who was lost for q
time In the fight of the squadron from
Columbus to Casas Grandes when the
army first entered Mexico. All four men
are regarded as expert flyers.
When the news OF the fight was given
to Brig. Gen. George P. scriven. chief Of
the Signal Corps of the army. over the
telephone by a Herald representative. he
said:
'T trust that this achievement, carried
out under the most adverse flying condi-
tIons, due to the altitude at which Il had
to be made, will serve somewhat to cor
rect the unfair impression created
the country by the newspaper
OF the shortcomings Of the army
planes in Mexico"
Gen. Funston stated that the aviators
brought no messages from Gen Pershing
the progress of the expedition
after Villa. The distance OF the flight is
significant in indicating that Pershiug
himself is in the vicinity of ParraI. at
the southern extremity of the state OF
and that the advance columns
Are well across the line into Durango.
OF the State Department under
stand that the vanguard OF the American
'orce is now about 100 miles from the bor-
Ter.