davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1916-10-01
BRITISH CARS OF DEATH
RECALL EARLY MONSTERS
National Geographic Bulletin Re-
views History of Warfare Among
Civilized Nations.
Legendary and Biblical Instances
Among Mans Uses of Terrify-
ing Engines Of Destruction.

'The British tank described as a
car of death, is the current 'enfant ter
rible' in the large family of strange en-
gines Of destruction sired by the God
Of War" says bulletin issued by the
National Geographic Society.
"The modern fighting man has been
so schooled to expect unique and pow
erful inventions designed to destroy
human life that the tanks have in
spired more curiosity than terror, but
far different has been the story of the
vast breed Of monsters that have en-
gendered panic in the hearts of soldiers
in ages past.
Reviewing the history of warfare
among civilized nations, one of the
earliest engines of destruction, whose
fame has been perpetuated on the pages
Of legendary epic. was the great
wooden horse which the crafty Ulysses
the Trojans believed to be an offering
sacred to the goddess Athena. Counseled
by the false Simon, the Trojans razed
their walls in order that the gift of the
Greeks might be brought into the city.
After nightfall the warriors hidden in
side the wooden animal crept out.
threw open the gates of the city and
admitted their companions, thus bring
ing about the destruction of the city
of Priam and wreaking vengeance upon
the people who had sheltered Paris and
the fair but false Helen of Troy.
AN engine of war which energies
from the cloud of legend and takes it's
place among historical actualities was
that employed by Alexander the Great
in his seven-month siege of the ia
nous Phoenician metropolis, Tyre.
This ancient city was strongly situated
on an island and as there were no long
range catapults in the fourth century
before the Christian era, Alexander
conceived the plan of building mole
or causeway from the mainland to the
island. This engineering enterprise
was hampered by the Tyrians, who
launched blazing ships against the as
sailants as they sunk piles to hold in
place the rock and debris that formed
roadway over which the army was to
march. In order to protect his con-
struction corps Alexander devised as
an engine Of war great towers covered
with green hides. These were set up
as shields against the floating flames
Of the enemy and the result was one
of the memorable victories in Alexan-
der's conquest of the eastern world
Evening star., 1916-10-01
Retirement North of
Thievpval Likely.

subsequent weeks. because of the posi-
bility Of the forced general German re-
tirement to the north Of Thiepvai. Can
Gen. Haig effect this through continued
successful enyeloping movements? This
is question which Paris and London
are asking, and one which they con-
fidently expect will be pleasingly an
swered. Berlin, though officially pro-
Tossing no anxiety. nevertheless admits
there are no signs of the lessening of
British effort.
While the British section of the line
sees continued intensive and furious
lighting, the French have been caring
for their duties with master hand.
They have captured the strong enemy
position at Rancourt, pushed on east
of Bouchavesnes, and extended their
lines to a point where direct menace
is brought to bear on Allaines. north
of Peronne.
Allaines is an important position in
the present allied offensive scheme, as
at this point the French must ford the
Taville river in order to press a really
logical advance on Mount st. Quenton,
and subsequently, PeTonne. Immediate
ly to the south of Allaines there lies
much marsh land. and as a conse-
auence a direct French advance from
points Immediately to the west Of
Perrone above the junction of Taville
and the Somme IL out of the question.
The Tasille is the last natural forti-
fication the Germans have in defend
ing Mount st. Quenton. which lies on
a high ridge overlooking Peronne. The
French are expected to proceed against
this point from three sides, and once
it is enveloped and taken. they then
will turn their guns down upon Pc
rome, which lies at a point where the
valleys Of the Somme and River Co.
logne join.
Evening star., 1916-10-01
Elephants Terrified Romans.

"One of the most terrifying engines
Of war of ancient times was the battle
elephant employed by Pyrrhus. Alex
ander's cousin, in the first of the ia
nous .Pyrrhic victories over the Re-
mans. Twenty of these huge beasts
were used against the enemies of the
Tarentines at the battle of Heraclea
in $50 B. C. The strange, moving
mountains of flesh caused a wave of
fear to sweep over the Romans and
they fled from the field of carnage,
but after one experience with the ami
mails their courage returned and hence
forth the war elephant was more of a
curiosity than an effective engine.
''One of the simplest and yet one Of
the most effective inventions of ancient
times was the javeln, with point of soft
iron. employed by julius Caesar in one of
his Gallo wars. The Roman legionaries
hurled these weapons against the shields
of their enemies. The iron head pene-
trated the outer covering Of bulls hide,
but f1attened out against the hardwood
or metal back OF the shield, and thus
became hooked to this protector.
''The shanks Of the dangling javelins so
impeded the movements of the barbarian
soldiers that they were forced either to
throw away their shields and fight un-
covered against the Romans or else stop
long enough Ia fatal delay in their ad-
vance) to disincuinber themselves from
this unique weapon, which may properly
be called the dum-dum plum, the pro-
genitor of the soft-nos or dum-dum bull
let Of today.
Evening star., 1916-10-01
areece's Chance Lost.

Unless ali signs fail, Greece will not
have a second chance to acquire Smyr-
ma. and the best evidence available
points either to the ultimate establish
ment Of Italian rule here. as well as in
Konia. or else the continuance of Turk
ish rule on the west coast Of the.
Aegean. II the italian claim il hon
ored. then Italy will havee . colony -oon-
more than 100000 people. She VIII
Evening star., 1916-10-01

The capture of Thiepval by the Brit
ish also removes, possibly. the greatest
single impedi-
ThiepvaPs Capture ment in the
Deemed Important. cs.sfn1 - ~ advance -
along the Albert-Bapaume main high
way. The British are within two and
half miles of Bapaume, and the whole
Albert -Bapaume road soon may fall in
progress between Courcelotte and
Guedecourt, which they have every
likeFhood of doing. having moved their
lines within toaching distance of LIE
Sars. +ss
The German armies which have been
holding down the line in the Thiepval
region and along the front running al
most directly northward across the
Ancre river. although not Immediately
menaced, are in grave danger of an
enveloping movement. Should the Brit
ish continue to gain in the LIE Sars re-
gion and hold firm or even advance
along the front running from Thiepval
to Hebuterne, ten or twelve miles to
the north. the whole German line in
this section will be in a pocket and
have enemy forces both to their front
long-range guns can command the sit
uation, but infantry pressure will be
needed to force a German retirement
Of wide proportions. While endanger-
ing the Germans in this particular SEC
ton, such an advance on the front from
Courcelotte to Guedecourt would bring
the fall of Bapaume down to matter
Of days. The fall of Bapaume would
only extend the menace to the German
line to the west, Hebuterne lying in a
slightly northwesterly direction from
Bapaume.
AS the fighting goes on the ease with
which the British advance is becoming
more and more pronounced. The Ger
mans are fighting in open country at
the present juncture and. their chief
defenses having been lost. they must
rest behind hastily constructed barriers
which are but dust before the tre-
mendous weight of allied artillery. The
Teutons find their position increasingly
difficult and even Berlin now admits
that as the allies have a preponderance
Of heavy artillery and men the Teutonic
armies may be forced to fall back
farther.
Evening star., 1916-10-01
Bloody Battle on
Macedonia Front.

front in the kaimakalau height region
This strongly fortified position was
subject to tremendous Serbian attacks
and, according to allied advices, was
carried by them. The Bulgarians
launched terrible counter attacks and,
in fighting lasting for a period of ten
days, the Bulgars claim to have turned
back the whole allied line on the west
ern wing. This report, however. is
disputed by the Serbians who declare
that the Bulgarians, though penetrat-
ing their positions at some points.
finally were forced to beat a retreat,
the battlefields being literally covered
pretense OF hiding their own losses,
declaring them to have been exceed
| ingly large.
The Russians and French have en-
gagged in sharp fighting with the Bull
garians, and report minor successes,
while the British, who are holding
down that section of the line on the
River Struma, again have crossed over
and not only have CAPTURED Jenmita
but have reached Kritsograd. Doiran
the shells Of allied guns.
The great battle Of the Dobrudja
has died down again, the Ruma mans
and Russians having inflicted defeat
on Field Marshal van Mackensen in
the general vicinity OF Cernavoda. Ru-
mania claims progress along the Black
sea coast. 1t is believed certain that
the allies, who had intended to, press
their offensive efforts in the Balkans
southward through Rumania and
nortEWard through Macedonia, now
will inaugurate these offensives along
broad scale. The activities of Won
Mackensen have greatly disarranged
allied plans, but now that the great
German leader seems to have been
halted the time appears ripe for allied
| blows.
| The Rumanians continue to make
| progress in the Transylvanian regions
where they have retaken the Vulcan
! and Szurduk passes from the Aus
trians. Vienna admits this loss. The
Rumanians have scored success al
Hermannstadt, as well as defeat.
Evening star., 1916-10-01

in the labyrinth of caverns beneath the
town. Hundreds of German dead were
found in these underground military
tunnels after the allies had swept over
them. All roads leading into the town
which aided German defensive tactics
now are firmly controlled and the Teu-
tons have lost point which was of
inestimable value to them in holding
their lines firm in this particular sec
tion of the western front.
Evening star., 1916-10-01
EUROPE.
Destiny in Russia's Hands.

Total for Europe and Asia: Area, 1OS,-
$50; population, 100000
Evening star., 1916-10-01

With the present rate of progress the
French should be on the outskirts of
Peronne with
Nav Be at peronne in the next ten
rn.A,: NJ n days. Their
"s" -" task of taking
this point would be infinitely easier
were they able to pull their lines
across tpe somme to the south Of the
town, sa55
The Germans hold = linz some dis
Evening star., 1916-10-01
Italians Halt
Austrian Attacks.

repulse for Austrian attacks on the
Cordevole valley. The battle for the
slopes of Mounte Cimone continues
Heavy artillery actions continue te
rage on the Carso. but the Italians
have made no further large gains in
the direction of Triest. The imme-
diate environs of Gorizia are once more
under Austrian gunfire.
Russians who are operating in the
regions of the near east report con-
tinued retirement for the Turks near
Hamadan. Arab revolters are declared
to have forced the surrender of the
Turkish garrison at Taft. Though
there have been several engagements
in the Mesopotamian regions between
the British and the Turks, none OF
these have been of important charac-
ter
Evening star., 1916-10-01
Rams Horn Blasts at Jericho.

Perhaps the strangest engines of de-
struction in the history of the world were
the seven trumpets OF rams horn which
the priests Of Israel blew as they encom-
passed the walls of Jericho once each
day for six successive days and seven
times on the seventh day After the final
blast, the hosts OF Israel gave great
shout and the walls fell fiat. according to
the biblical account in the book of
Joshua.
Those who endeavor to explain all mir
acles on the theory that they are the
result of extraordinary applications of
the natural law have seen in this remark
able event demonstration of the vast
destructive power of sympathetic vibra-
tion-the same principle which has been
known to shake to it's very foundation a
great bridge of steel and concrete when a
dog trotS across it.
Another arms oddity of biblical in
terest was the ruse employed by Gid
con, leader of only 800 Israelites, who
successfully engaged a vast host of
Mid1anites and Amalekites that lay
along in the valley like grasshoppers
for multitude and their camels were
without number. as the sand by the
seaside for multitude Gideon's engines
of destruction were 300 trumpets, 800
the pitchers AS the enemy's camp was
approached during the night the pitch
ers were smashed, the lamps held aloft
in the left hand, while terrifying blasts
from the 800 trumpets spread conster-
nation and terror among the sleepers
who, in darkness, imagined that they
had been attacked by great army. The
result was wholesale slaughter among
themselves. while the followers of Gid
con watched.
Evening star., 1916-10-01

The Somne battle, particularly along
the British front, promises to be more
Evening star., 1916-10-01

POSSIBLY one of the bloodiest single
battles of the whole war has been
Evening star., 1916-10-01

On two distinct occasions the Ger
Irzu chancellor has been forced to de-
Evening star., 1916-10-01

The contest upon which hinges large
ly the fate of Trent continues to rage
Evening star., 1916-10-01
Greek Fire Used 424 B. C.

Greek fire is term which has been
applied to various compounds through
succession of centuries going as far
back as 424 Be, when at the siege of
Delium a cauldron filled with sulphur.
pitch and charcoal was placed against
the walls of the city, ignited, and the
flames intensified by a bellows attach
ed to hollow tree trunk The most
famous Of the Greek fires, however. was
that invented by the architect Callini-
Gus during the reign of Constantine
Poeonatus. This particular engine of
account of its property of bursting into
flame when wetted. Thrown from
siphons, 1t fell upon, the ships of the
Saracens, causing them to- burst into
saved to the Byzantine emperors for
the time being (66S).F -
Probably more far-reaching in its ef-
feet than any other engine Of war was
the Introduction of gunpowder on the
battlefield 1t was one OF the most DO
tent factors contributing to the over
throw Of the great feudal system. for it
destroyed the superiority Of the armored
as CARLYLE has rightly said, It made ali
men of the same height Following the
use Of Eunpowder in small arms came
the invention and fdeveiopment of the
cannon, g. weapon winch was employed
with destructive effect against the walls
Of Constantinople when this historic city
finally fell into the hands of the Mo-
hammedans in 1853, a1
"The aeroplane. the Zeppelin and ths
submarine have been developed grad
ually in times of peace preparatory for
war. and are the products Of many
minds. Not so the ironclad Merrimac
and the turreted Monitor, which appeared
suddenly and almost simultaneously on
/ xlS nf ra I,
American civil war.
"The poisonous gases employed in
trench warfare during the present Eu-
ropean conflict may be viewed as dead
pot weapons used by. the Chinese Tor
ages. gss
Evening star., 1916-10-01

Rather are the allied comma nders
content to press their advance through
Evening star., 1916-10-01

BY virtueeiof ,s.he continned opposi
ton. some under ministers III the pfss
Evening star., 1916-10-01

The capture of Thiepva1 by the Brit
ish also removes, possibly. the greatest
Evening star., 1916-10-01

All factions in France. England, Ger
many, as well as other nations. still
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-01-24
CHE klAlG HAS
LINED UP With
REBEL WORKERS
Yuan Will Not Assume Imperial
Crown Until South China
is Pacified, He Says
Especial Cable to Liberty News)

Especial Cable to Liberty News)
SHANGHAI, China, Jan. 24-Che
Kiang is the latest center of revolu'
tiOnary action. Today large number
of the citizens of this province de-
clared that they would stand for inde-
pendence and as result movement
is on hand to make this province the
eastern stronghold of the movement.
This province adjoins Kiang Su prov.
ince, where Shanghai is the principal
city.
The revolutionary movement in Che
Kiang has grown SO strong that Yuan
Shih-Kai, through the department of
communication has ordered the
Shanghai and Hang Chau railroad not
to carry any military men of this prov
ince This is due to the rumor that
the military governor has announced
that he will go over to the revolution
airy party.
1t is announced from Peking that
the department of foreign affairs has
issued a statement that Yuan Shih-Kai
will not make an attempt to hold the
coronation while there is a revolu-
tionary movement in South China.
This statement was given out to the
foreign ministers today.
Military governors of Marking and
Chi Kiang are proposing Chinese
German alliance. Whether or not this
statement has been issued to thwart
the efforts of the soldiers of Yuan is
not known, but it is certain that both
governors have a leaning toward the
revolutionary party.
Yuan Shih-Kai needs money to pay
the troops in the north. He has ask
ed American financiers in Hankow for
a loan of $4O0, ,000, 900 to carry on his
campaign against the reyolutionists.
The American capitalists have refused
the loan.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-01-24
MR.. WILSON'S
PROGRAM IS
FIRST ISSUE
Other Legislation Must Make
Way for Army and Navy
Expansion
GREECE GETTING LOAN
FROM ENTENTE POWERS
Action Indicates No Open Break
Expected: Aged Austrian En-
peror Reported Very III

Associated Press by Federal Wirelessl
: WASHINGTON, II. C., Jan. "a.
The administrations ''prepar-
edness program will be urged
strongly on Congress and other
legislation must make way for it.
This result of the president 3
ideas as based partly ON the lesson
of the present war in Europe is
now plainly developing in Wash.
pgton. 1t was announced today
that the president has decided to
hasten action on the appropria-
tion bills which are before Con-
gress. These bills are to be clear
ed away and then the army and
navy bills will come up.
Considerable debate on these
measures is expected and by that
time the president will have TAX
Ell one or more of his proposed
speech-making trips on behalf Of
the defense program.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-01-24
ASK BUSINESSMEN TO
LEARN OF BOY SCOUTS;
MEET ON ROOF GARDEN

Invitations to be present at meet.
ing on the roof garden of the Young
hotel tomorrow night, when the Ho-
nolulu Boy Scout Council will meet to
elect officers and discuss problems of
importance to the organization, have
been sent to so businessmen of Homo
lulu. This was done so that they
might have an opportunity to learn
more about the organization.
The council is composed of one dele.
gate from the executive committee of
each Scout troop. Each Scout troop
has committee of three, chosen from
representative men in the troops dis.
trict. and supervision of scout affairs
is in a measure in the hands of these
men.
James A. Wilder. special field com.
missioner. is hoping for a large at.
tendance at the meeting.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-01-24
GERMANS mining
WEST POSITIONS,
SAY CABLEGRAMS
Teutons Advance After Ardu.
GUS Operations to Blow
Up Enemy Trenches

The following cablegrams from Of
ficiaf German sources were received
yesterday:
German Headquarters. Jan. 22-
Southeast of Ypres the Germans by
mines destroyed so meters Of the
enemy's trenches. The German posi-
tions between Moselle, vosges and
several towns Behind the front were
shelled by the enemy without result
"On the east front, artillery duels
are. in progress before Duenaburg."
SUNDAY.
German Headquarters, Jan. 23-
Near Neuville, north of Arras, after
successful blasting operations the
Germans occupied advanced enemy
trenches positions ESQ meters long,
capturing II French. In the Argonnes
the Germans, after short hand-grenade
engagements, occupied a section of
the enemy's trench Military estab-
lishments east of Belfort were bonn
barded"
The following cablegram from off.
cial German sources was received to-
day:
German Headquarters, Jan. 24-On
the west front there are lively artil
lery duels in progress and consider.
able aeroplane action.
"An enemy aero squadron lombard.
ed Metz, where bombs fell on the
bishops dwelling and in the court
yard of the hospital. Two civilians
were killed and eight wounded. One
aeroplane was shot down by the Ger
mans and the inmates imprisoned
German aviators bombarded today
the railroad stations and military es-
adjustments behind the 'front.'. in sew
eral air engagements the Germans
had the upper hand.
''On the east front, north OF Duena-
burg, the German artillery set afire by
sheling Russian railroad train.
In the Balkans, an enemy,s air
squadron coming from Greek soil bonn
barded Monastir and killed and wound
ed several inhabitants.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-01-24
MAN0A WILL BE HOUR
AND A HALF LATE IN
ARRIVING TOMORROW

That the same rough weather which
made the Sonoma three and three.
quarters hours late arriving today
from San Francisco, is holding back
the Matson steamer Manoa, is indicat
ed in a radiogram received this MORN
ing by Castle & Cooke, Matson
agents, from Capt Francis M. Ed
wards, the Manoa's commander, stat
ing that the liner will not arrive un-
til 9 o'clock tomorrow morning.
This is probably the hour of arrival
off port The Manoa is bringing 30
passengers, but has only six bags OF
mail, as she left on the same day as
the Sonoma, which brought in 591
bags this morning. The Manoa has
1903 tons of cargo for Honolulu, Asa
for Kahului, 80 for Port Allen and
90 for Kaanapali
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-01-24
PROVING !:
BIG PUZZLE OF
LOCAL STOCKS
Comparison of Standing With
0nomea; "Big Men, Rumor-
ed Trying to Bear Market

At $l1.5O per share the stock OF the
Olaa Sugar Company, Ltd, affords one
OF the puzzles of the market. Re-
peateily the stock, in its upward
climb, has halted. then feceded under
heavy profit taking sales. always to
resume its climb under the stimulus
of eager buying. In comparison with
the sale prices of regular dividend
paying stocks the present price of
Olaa is difficult Of explanation, from
the standpoint of what is known to
the general public.
oIaa's Condition.
The condition of Olaa is this:
The capital stock is 250,000 shares,
which ut $11.50 per share would repre-
sent a valuation of $2,S75,G00. IN ad-
dition the company has outstanding a
50, 500 900 bond issue at per cent,
which calls for $150,000 in interest
annually, and has no sinking fund, so
far as is known.
The combined stock and bond valu-
ations total $5,S75, 900, from which
must be subtracted $530,00O, which is
what current street rufnor gives as
the amount of cash on hand from last
years operations.
II is generally known that Olaa
made a net profit of about $S50,000
mot including depreciation in 1915.
of which s315,000 must have gone to
wipe out, the Indebtedness which was
shown in the last annual statements,
leaving about s535,00O on hand o.:
this latter amount it is known that
from 100000 to s250,00O will be spent
on improvements and engagements to
the mill which have become absolute
ly necessary.
May Start Sinking Fund.
The use of the balance of the cash
from last years operations from
$250,000 to $3.50. .000--for dividends
fContinuod On naoa fuol