Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-09-24
OLD SUBMARINE
TO Be EXHIBITED
The Holland No. 9 Will Be
Taken TO New York
Next Month.
SAVED FROM SCRAP HEAP
After Being Shown at Bronx Ex-
position. 1t Will Be Housed
in Museum.
SAVED FROM SCRAP HEAP

NEW YORK. September % first
successful submarine triumph of Amcri
can genius is not TO 20 on tho scrap
heap. With guard Of honor fur
nished by the government. the Holland
No. . will be taken through tho streets
of Philadelphia early next month. loaded
on gondola cars IN sections and brought
to New York. where II Will be adc
quately housed and assured of car" for
ever. Through the public spirit OF TWO
New York men, the clumsy looking. but
epoch making. little craft has been
purchased for ali Americans to sec. II
now rests on blocks before the Com
mercial Museum in Philadelphia. Those
having the matter In charge Will start
Immediately tho delicate task OF cut
ting her into three sections for pur-
poses OF shipment These VIII be care
fully Joined together on arrival in New
York City.
For one year the public will be able
to view the boa, in the Bronx Inter-
national Exposition here. and then 1t
will be moved TO a new public museum
which is being planned by several
prominent men here to house relics
showing the developments Of remark
able human achievements in industry.
Al the exposition the Holland will be
the center Of collection illustrating
scientific accomplishments. called the
Palace OF American Achievements. sur
rounding IL will be carl" models of the
telephone. monograph, n-picture
machine. acroplanc and other American
Inventions The exposition VII! open
on May 80 next.
In 1868 William Bourne. of England.
constructed submarine. II SUBJ
merged. and that is all that could be
said OF IT, In l777 Professor Bushnell.
n Connecticut man, invented a subma
rine. which was termed the American
Turtle 1t was like large clam shell.
In the center OF which a man sat- pro-
pelling the device forward by leg power
and then. when Il had reached an enemy
ship. boring into it's side with an auSeT
projecting from The front TINS Was
before the day Of iron-clads or sub
mergible explosives
Next in the history Of the submarine
come tho Efforts OF Rober, Fulton. in
ventor OF the steamboat Even before
Fulton had sent his first ship the
Claremont, up the Hudson River, he
had been in France trying ~ convince
the Emperor Napoleon that he could
assist him in the conquest Of England.
by the use OF submarines. In lT9I Full
ton constructed for the French En-!
pcror a submarine boat which sue
ceeded in staying under water Tour
hours and twenty minutes, and. plac-
ing q torpedo under a hulk arranged
for the purpose. blew II TO sInithcrcens.
AS reward for this, Fulton was con-
sldercd to be a little bit crazy and was
allowed to return to America 10 con-
s.tuct steamboats, on the Hudson.
,LLAPsED DURING
ONE OF IT'S TRIALS
The history OF the submarine then
took a long lapse. It was not uutn
1850 that II Bavarian named Bauer
built a submarine in which the method
OF control was by shifting weight
forward and aft to dive and arise.
This boat collapsed in the harbor OF
kiel on ono of its trial trips, and re-
manned partly buried in the mud until
1857. when il was located during the
deepening Of Kic harbor. and taken
to Berlin. where il is now in tho Mu-
scum OF Oceanography.
II not until the Civil War forced
the Confederates to attempt some way
TO escape the blockade around the
Southern ports that submarines again
were heard of. The first OF these Was
the Iiuniey. a cylindrical shaped craft
about thirty feet long and six feet IN
diameter. with bow and stern shaped
to form a stem and stern post re-
spectively. Water ballast compart-
ments were located 1T each end Of
the vessel. She was propelled by hand
power. eight men turning cranks which
operated the propeller shaft. This boat
was sent out of New Orleans i'm an
endeavor TO run the blockade but
lacked longitudinal stability. AMI, dur
Ing her experimental trials. dove head
ha
and recovered each time. but too late
to save the crew. In this way the de-
siGner and thirty-two other men met
death
The Hunley finally was fitted with
spare torpedo. On the night Of Feb
ruary II. 1864 Lieutenant Dickson sue
ceeded In approaching the United States
steamship Housatonic and sunk her by
exploding n torpedo under her bottom
This probab bly, was the first instance OF
battleship being sunk by submarine
but the wave thrown up by the cx-
plosion swamped the IIunlcy. and again
she was sunk with all her crew.
Shortly after this another submarine
was built by the Confcdcratcs. its in
tentions being to destroy the blockad-
ing Northern ships. This was known
ms the New Orleans Submarine. When
the vessel was completed the designer
thought IT would be fine performance
to have the vessel plunge under water
as she left the ways and make Il short
trip before coming to the surface Ac-
cordingly. he instructed two Of his most
intelligent slaves how to operate the
vessel when submerged and sent them
on their way. About twenty years
later, when the Mississippi was being
dredged at New Orleans this boat. with
the skeletons of the two negroes, was
found buried in the mud.
1t was about this time that John p.
Holland came upon the scene. Holland
was born in Liscannor. Ireland. In 1914
He came to the United States before
the Civil War. and the battle between
the Monitor and Merrimac set him to
thinking on the subject or submarines.