davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12
Christmas "Reminiscences.

The public are reminded of the long
time habit of the City Mission to give
its families some Christmas remern
ORANGES in the way Of toys, old and
new, and books and pictures and dolls
and such things. That the mission
may know what to expect and what to
make ready. it is hoped that the
friends Of it's children viii give prompt
response to this appeal and notify
either the mission rooms or the treas
urer.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12
County AGENT Warner to Preside.

County Agent F. c. Warner win pre-
side at a meeting Of the milk produce
shippers to New Haven market which
will be held in Exeter on Wednesday
night The milk producers at this
meeting will perfect an organization.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12
MEMBERS OF TUBES
BAND HELD SOCIAL.
Whist Was Played and Prizes Award
ed Winners--First of Series of Social |
Evenings.

The first of series of socia!s which
members of Tubbs' Military band will
hold this winter was held Monday
evening in their quarters. Whist was
played and the prizes were awarded to
the following: First, George Humboldt;
second, George Barlow; consolation,
Walter Simpson. Refreshments were
served and the members passed most
enjoyable evening. The committee in
charge consisted of William r. Stew
ems. Fred n, Clarke and John VI.
Swain.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12
Returned From Auto rrip,

Mr.. and Mrs. Louis S. Manchester
and a party Of friends have returned
from an automobile trip through the
South in Mr.. Manchester's machine.
They went as far south as st. Angus
tome, Fla. The total milage covered on
the trip was over 3I80 miles.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

Invitations have been received by
Norwich friends from Lieutenant Col.
and Mrs. Edward A. Kreger to the
marriage of their daughter Vera Mae
and Lieutenant Jedediah Huntington
Hills, y IS. A, Wednesday aftrnoon,
Dec. 20, at o'clock at Cadet chapel
West Point, n. Y. A reception will
follow the ceremony at Cullum hall
Mr.. Hills is a son of Mrs. Glade, wife
of Capt. Glade, U. S. A, formerly Miss
Lillian Huntington of Norwich, daugh-
ter of the late Jededidah Huntington.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

Assistant Manager Joseph ]. Gill OF
the Mohican hotel, New London an6
Miss Katherine H. Schmidt of New
York city, will be married in New
York, Friday, January Is.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

Miss Katherine A. Kent has returned
to her home on Washington street
after several days visit with relatives
in New York.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

Mrs. Benjamin E. Mallory, who wa.
g. recent guest Of Mrs. Charles r
Butts, has returned to Maiden, Mass.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

Joseph T. Cruttenden, President of the
Eastern Connecticut Chamber of
Commerce, Crescent Beach, Conn.
Dear Sir:-fWith reference to the
meeting which will be held in Nor
witch on Dec. 16. expect to speak at
that time on the development Of the
new railroad bridge at New London.
would be pleased if you would adver-
tise the topic freely as it is one of
considerable importance to the east
ern section of the state.
Yours truly,
CHARLES J. BENNETT,
State Highway Commissioner.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

1t is the earnest desire of the Nor
witch committee of the Eastern Con-
necticut Chamber of Commerce that
as many who are interested in sthe
progress and development of this i'm
portant matter attend this meeting
which will be called to order in the
new chamber.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

BY a new rule at the Free Academy
the Peck library is to be used during
school hours only for supplementary
reading in school work, e. g., history
English essays, etc, not for genera,
reading.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

Sale at Spiritual Academy, Wednes-
day and Thursday. Supper rs cents
adv.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

E. \. Smith has returned to Boston
after a brief visit with his sister, Mrs.
Samuel B. Case.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12
VARIOUS MATTERS

Light vehicle lamps at 4.4s o'cloc
this evening.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

Mrs. r. w. BunneIl of Stratford is
visiting her son, DR.. Frank S. Bunnell
of Washington street.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

Mrs. J. Dana Colt and Miss Wini-
fred Welles have been passing several
days in Winchendon, Mass.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12
DIR. j. M. KING
DENTIST
May Building
5an1TuWF
FINEST RESULTS

for cracked skins, chappings, and all
skin affections are assured by the use of
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

WHEN YOU WANT to put your bus
mess before the public, there Is nd
medium better than through the ad<
vertisine columns OF The fBu1lat1n.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

Mrs. Joseph R. Rogers of Stamford
was a recent guest of her aunt, Miss
Hannah Ripley of Broadway.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

The spFinkling of snow late yester-
day afternoon was taken as a good
omen by the merchants, who WORLD
like nothing better than a snowfall
just now, to put a punch in holiday
trade.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

Miss Eloise Smith entertained sew
eral friends at supper Saturday even
ing in honor Of her birthday at he1
home Oldelms on Washington street
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

she would lose her eyesight.
At first the skin was indamed,
and it itched continually and
she could not sleep day or
night. At last little red pim-
pies with festered heads ap-
peared and where the pin-
Piles had been, there would
appear a horrid scale. 1t
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

Rt. Rev. Chauncey B. Brewster
Episcopal bishop of Connecticut. wal
unable to be present at confirmation a
st. Peters church, Milford, Sunday
on account Of illness.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12
Will SPEAK ON RAILROAD
BRIDGE AT NEW LONDON
State Highway Commissioner to Ad-
dress Eastern Conn. Chamber of
Commerce Meeting.

The president of the Eastern Con-
necticut Chamber of Commerce, Jo-
seph F. Cruttenden, has received a
letter from State Highway Commits
sioner Charles j. Bennett. who will ad-
dressed a meeting of tine chamber
which will be held in the new Cham
Der of Commerce building on Friday,
which is of vital interest to those who
are interested in the development of
eastern Connecticut.
The letter follows:
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

The wreck record Of the Baltic Sea
is greater than that OF any other part
! OF the world.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

Miss Jessie Hislop of Auburn, N.
Y, is the guest of her aunt, Miss Por-
teouS.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12
Incidents In Society

Miss Mary A. Aiken is-at Marble
head, Mass, for several weeks.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

Sailed whale meat is regarded. as q
de1icacy by the Japanese.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12
CAPT. A. d. LEWIS
OBSERVED BIRTHDAY,
rendered Oyster Supper to Members
of Chemical Company No. 8.

In honor of his birthday. Capt. A.
D. Lewis of Chemical company No.
gave an oyster supper to members of
| the company and friends on Monday
evening The following menu was
served;
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12
SCALE COVERED
DAUGHTERS FACE
And Head Thought She Would
Lose Eyesight. Itched Contin-
ually. Disfgured ] erribIY.
HEALED BY CUTICURA
SOAP AND OINTMENT

when my daughter was four weeks old;
she had dreadful scale which covered her
face and head, and we thought for a time
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12
Oyster Stew,
Crackers

Celery. Hot RolIs
Coffee. Cigars.
Following the supper, in behalf of
the members OF the company, Patrick
Caples presented Captain Lewis a gold
mounted briar pipe. Captain Lewis
thanked the members for their kind
ness in O capable manner.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12

disfgured her terribly.
Then I thought I would try Cuticura
Soap and Ointment. After the third appIi-
cation we could see a marked improve
ment. and in a short time she was healed"
(Signed) Mrs. Geo. Paddock, New Canaan,
Conn, July "A, 1915.
Sample Each Free by Mail
With 32-p. Skin Book on request. Ad-
dress postcard ''Cuticura, Dept. 7, Bos.
tom" Sold throughout the world.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-12-12
1886 LIVING HOLDERS
OF YALE DEGREES
Directory Issued Shows a Gain o.
More Than 500 Per Cent. Over Lis
In 1914.

The directory Of living graduates of
Yale university, issued this week, lists
a total of 1876 living holders of
Yale degrees. This is gain at the
rate Of somewhat more than SOC per
year over the total of 1927 living
gradua ties in 1914, that OF 1921 in
1912, that OF 1888 in 1910, and that
of 1866 in 1904. This rapid in
crease in the number of living grad
yates is due to the large recent grad
uating classes, which overbalance the
number Of deaths in the older classes.
The total number Of graduates to
whom Yale has awarded degrees, ac-
cordirg to the figures in the Quin-
80, 1874. Thus it appears that prac-
tically two-thirds of those who have
graduated from Yale during the 215
years Of its history are now living
The directory, issued by the uni
versity secretary's Office, is edited
under the direction Of Edwin R. En-
bree, alumni registrar.
It is interesting to note that, al
though the number of living gradu-
ates has increased by well over 5000
since 1904, the university's records OF
it's graduates and it's constant contact
with them has been so maintaine ed
of graduates whose addresses OF
occupations are unknown now thar
was the case IL years ago. The ad-
dresses of but 292 and the occupa-
lions of but 420 are not reported in
the 1915 directory.
The geographical distribution OF
graduates compared with similar fig
ures for IL years ago, when detailed
statistics were first compiled is giver
Evening journal., 1916-06-16
Merit BADGES AND
ribbons FOR SCOUTS

Boy Scouts who received special
merit badges from David Snellen-
burg. vice president OF the local
Council. on Wednesday night. were:
Henry Miller Jr. and John Fulen-
wider, Of Troop 70, art: Thomas L..
Stirling Troop 10. swimming; Wal
ter sullivan, Troop Q, first aid and
iuamanship; Clarence Bader. Troop
g, fremanship. first aid and public
health Edwin Van Trump. Troop 8.
first aid to animals. personal health,
firemanship and public health I,
Charles 2. Green. Troop 3. swimming,
athletics. fremanship and carpentry;
r. MacD. Cloward. Troop 9. cooking,
athletics. first aid. surveying. machin-
cry, handicraft: Charles r. Wilson,
first aid 10 animals. pathhnding fire
manship. carpentry and handicraft,
John Fl. Shafer. first aid to animals
craftsmanship. first aid. pioneering,
swimming. signalling, marksmanship
art, fremanship, carpentry, public
health, personal health. life scout
badge and star scout badge.
The scouts and officers who received
Evening journal., 1916-06-16
LUSITANIA SUNK BY
EXPLOSION IN CARGO
New Suits Against Cunard
Line Say Submarines Were
Carried, Violating Law
INVITE ATTACK"
BY THE ENEMY

NEW YORK. June 16.-That the
Lusitania was sunk by the explosion
Of its own cargo Of high explosives
and other ammunition is the chief
contention in two $4,000 damage
suits filed in the United States Dis
trlct Court against the Cunard Steam
ship Company for loss Of life in the
Lusitania disaster The plaintiff in
one suit is Mrs Sarah Bund. Of Illi-
nois. widow of Charles II. Lund. The
other action is brought by William f.
Mounsey and other heirs Of William
Mounsey. also Of Illinois. John NJ
Nolan of 2 Rector street is attorney
In both suits.
The plaintiffs base their contention
that the Cunard company was respon-
sible for the sinking of the Lusltania
on the following allegations;
l. The Lusitania laid itself open to
attack from submarines and imperilled
the lives Of its passengers by assum-
ing the appearance OF a British war
vessel.
?. II had on board guns, ammu-
milton. gunootton. dynamite. nitrogly-
cerine and other high explosives to-
gether with submarines. all of which
were 10 be used i'm hostile operations
AGAINST the German empire, and also
had on board British soldiers who
were on their way TO fight against
Germany.
8. Before the Lusitania sailed on
its last trip the Cunard Line caused
II 10 be painted a dull gray. the iden-
tical color worn by the warships OF
Great Britain.
T. When the ship was struck by
the torpedo from the submarine the
conclusion set off the ammunition
and explosives. and the resultant ex-
plosions i'm different parts of the YES
sci caused il to sink.
8. The Cunard company failed tc
heed Germany's warning that she in
tended to sink all enemy merchant
vessels with or without warninf
within the war zone in spite Of the
fact that Germany in fulflment Of It's
warning. sunk many such vessels sail
Ing under the British flag before MAJ
Z. 1915. the day on which the Lusi
tania was torpedoed.
6 The transportation Of the sub
marines on the torpedoed ship was I
violation of the law.
Z. Those in charge Of the Busitanii
failed to maintain a proper loohou
for submarines.
s. The vessel was unseaworth,
Evening journal., 1916-06-16

when it left port by reason of the fact
that it was not equipped with the
proper number of watertight COM
partments to keep it afloat after the
attack. or the proper number Of life
boats, RATS and other life preserving
devices.
In addition the complaints raise the
contentious made in other suits Of a
similar nature filed against the Cum
ard company to the effect that the
vessel was not pursuing the safa.
guarded course prescribed by the
British Admiralty for passenger ships
and that It was only going at half
speed.
Forty-four suits or notices Of suits
Of a similar nature have been filed
against the Cunard company. The
damages asked will total several mil
lions.
Evening journal., 1916-06-16
THE EVENING JOURNAL FRIDAY. JUNE 49, 1916.

is her only surviving child.
Miss Martha Jones. daughter OF Dr.
and Mrs. George p. Jones OF Elkton,
was graduated from Williams Memoir
ial Institute, New London. Conn, this
week.
Mrs Martha r. Porter OF Whining
ton. is visiting her sisters. the Misses
Terrell. on North street. Mrs
Charles r. Rekefus Of Port Deposit. is
entertaining Mrs. Samuel Cooper Of
Wilmington Mr.. and Mrs. Robert c.
Thackery were recent guests of rela-
tives I'm Dover.-Charles E. Walton of
iron Hill. was i'm town this week
Mrs. Margaret Reynolds of near
Barksdalo. was a visitor in Elkton on
Monday.-Horace Lamborn OF Will
mngton, is spending some time with
friends in Port Deposit
Evening journal., 1916-06-16

sioners. Hugh W. Caldwell. as prin-
cipal OF the Chesapeake City High
School, who has recently been ap-
pointed superintendent OF schools in
Cecil county: Miss Isabel Scott of No.
10. Fourth district; Miss Adelne
Bradley, OF No 6. First district; Miss
Grace Rawlings Of No. 10. Sixth; Miss
Helen DAVIDSON. No. 8. Second; Miss
Augusta B. Egee. No 4. Second: Miss
Anna E. Mahoney. No 4, Third; Miss
Mazda A. Bryson. No. 4. Sixth; Miss
Bessie Wiley. No. 2. Ninth. and Miss
Annie &. Arrents. No. IL. Fifth.
Mrs. Mary Leivaux. an aged resi-
dent Of upper Elk Neck. died az the
home OF her daughter. Mrs. Jacob
Clay. on Thursday morning. She was
born in Ireland hut had lived in this
country many years. Mrs. Jacob Clay
Evening journal., 1916-06-16

special ribbons for good scout work
during the past few months. were;
Scoutmaster Samuel NJ Rachlin,
Troop 2S; Assistant Scoutmaster r..
II. Burke. Troop %; Assistant Scout
master II. d. Jester. Troop %; and
the following boy scouts: Robert
Fraim. Troop .; Carroll Marshall and
William Smith. Troop 3; Frederick
Hurlock. Troop %; Charles South
well. John n. Shaefer, John McNin,
Albert Hambright, Boyd Hambright
Harry Grotz. Thomas Blanken. Ed
ward Hughes. George Hamann, Gill
bert Hubbard, Thomas Hathcote and
Alfred Denny. of Troop "a; Frederick
Bullock Of Troop 26: William Fein-
herg. Samuel Krichevsky. Manuel
Freeman. Morris Glantz. John Sberit-
sky. Hillard Greenstein. Benjamin
Cohen, Nathan Tolhn, BENJAMIN
Closic, Jacob Topkis. lsadore Schag-
rim. Albert Gluckman. Joshua Green
stein. Leslie Gluckman. Samuel Ez-
railson. Allan Bachrach. Meyer Bor-
ish. Cecil Ostro and Walter Baer of
IfOOn 90 II. oWtfNfNs dhh AA'h
derer. William Dick. Paul Wolff and
Harold Robinson. Troop %; William
Weyl. Troop 90; George Wilson and
Winston Walker. Troop 80; Leroy
Johnson. Troop I. Of Elsmere; Morris
Shapiro. Apex and Phillip Howan
Troop Z.
After the awards were made, Scout
Commissioner GarriCk Mallery, Jr.
took the occasion TO announce that
the headquarters have received a large
supply of tickets from Connie Mack
manager OF the Philadelphia Ameri
cans. to he used by the hoy scouts OF
/ Wilmington. n they want TO go e
! Philadelphia on next Tuesday TO see
the game between the Athletics anC
/ Washington. The scouts who will h'
able TO take the trip will 90 10 head
quarters and receive their tickets
The crowd viii go to Philadelphia on
the 1890 o'clock Wilson Line boat
and will be in charge Of Captain King
Evening journal., 1916-06-16
FLKTON GOSSIP.

special 70 THE EVENING JOURNAL
ELKTON. Md. June 16.-The fol
lowing designations have been receiv.
ed by the Board Of School Commits.
The Semi-weekly leader. (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1905-1941, 1916-03-29
Death Of Mrs. Mary Smith.

Mr.. z. P. Jones received a mes
sage last Thursday informing hin
of the critical illness of his sister,
Mrs. Mary Smith, at Roseland, La.
Mr.. Jones and his sister, Mrs.
Maxwell, of Prentiss, and son o1
the deceased Mr.. Ike Smith and
his family, of Monticello, left fol
the distressed home on Friday.
The death, due to second stroke
of paralysis, occurred on Saturday.
The body was brought to Brook
haven and was taken to the resi-
dence of Judge P. z. Jones await.
ling interment at the old home
lin Lawrence County. where tht
body was carried Sunday morning.
Beside the relatives mentioned
Mrs. Smith leaves a brother, MIR.
la. w. Jones, Of Fort Worth, Tex
as. She was 66 years of age anG
was greatly beloved by those who
knew her best, being devou
Christian and sincere friend
Religious services were conductes
at RoseIand by Rev. Mr.. Sunrall
To the beIeaved sympathy is ex
tended.
The Semi-weekly leader. (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1905-1941, 1916-03-29
GOOD ROADS NEWS
FROM EVERYWHERE
Legislature Creates State Highway
Commission Good Roads Being
Kindred Subjects.

Without tacking on an amend
lment of any kind the Senate yes
1terday afternoon passed, by vote
lof 29 to 6, the Hewitt Highway
DCommission bill, which passed the
lower house few days ago. The
bill now goes to the Governor, and
lit is practically certain that he
will sign the document.
The bill provides for the ap-
pointment of three highway com
missiorers by the governor, and
an engineer, the latter to receive a
salary of So, 500 year. His serv-
ices can be demanded by any of
the counties for advice and counsel
jim the building of good roads.
The passage of this progressive
measure, advocates of good roads
say, marks an important step in
good roads movement in Mississip-
pi.
The bill was called up by Sena-
tor Wilmington and read by Sec
Aions. Several amendments were
offered and promptly tabled.
/ Senator Casteel spoke of the bill,
terming it a progressive measure
that would do an immense
amount of good.
The Semi-weekly leader. (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1905-1941, 1916-03-29
Saves Jones Codnty $1,000 by System
Of Conducting Circuit Court.

Laurel, Miss. According to fig
ures just made public by Circuit
Clerk Jeff Harrington, the recent
term of the Jones county Circuit
Court was the most economical in
|recent years, costing at least 81, :
| 200 less than similar terms held
lin February and September last
wear. The decreased cost of the
term was due almost entirely to
| the fact that all the cases were set
lin advance to be tried on a definite
Iday, and Judge Johnson insisted
that lawyers and litigants conform
| to the calendar. In this way the
usual heavy expenses were held
down to the minimum as summons
were not issued until the day be-
| fore trial and the old practice Of
| keepia9 an army of witnesses wait
ing afahnd the courthouse day af.
| ter ID drawing their per diem,
was 4 Eliminated.
The Semi-weekly leader. (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1905-1941, 1916-03-29
THE GOVERNOR OUGHT TO KNOW.

If we had the whole of the
States affairs at our fingers ends
as Coy. Bilbo has, we would feel
competent to criticise or commend
that responsible official. AS it is,
we feel assured that the Governor
has rounded up in his own mind
expenditures past, present and fu-
ture and for the general good has
tried to eliminate the experiment
stations, for instance, which are
expensive and may be utilized iT
the Agricultural Schools as devel'
opment of these institutions may
show.
A howl is raised at every meet.
ing of the Legislature over the bie
appropriations made to State Insti-
tutions. A howl is also raised
when there is tendency to lesser
these same expenditures. How
can expenses be cut down without
cutting them down?
The new Governor is doing his
best to serve wisely, we believe.
although one may not understand
one particular incident where hs
has not mental grasp on ths
whole State machinery as Bilbt
certainly has.
The Semi-weekly leader. (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1905-1941, 1916-03-29
OUR SCHOOL.

The slogan of Brookhaven in
the future must be Conservation
of all our resources" time, mon
ey, body, and brain. The student
who, when he is fifteen years old,
knows how to make his suits and
his shoes last as long as possible,
who wastes neither his study-time
nor his play time, and who has a
bank account, however small, IS
sure to succeed.
The boys who are going to be
the important men in few years
are those who are the most saving
of their health, their time, and
their money now. There is little
hope for the boy who has formed
the bad habit of spending money
for sodas and cigarettes.
The student makes big mis-
take when he leaves school before
he finishes the High School. The
most successful students are those
who have finished the High
iSchool, and thus learned better
| Ihow to use their brain. It is bet
ter still to finish college; for time
spent in getting ready to earn
4 living is never wasted.
Those students who graduated
lin 1915 and their occupations are
as follows: Edgar Applewhite.
Penn's Garage, studying stenog-
raphy; William Bloom, Drug
IStore; Minnie Brister, teaching;
Elizabeth Butterfeld, student Whit
worth; Howell Crosby, lumber
office; George Decell, bookkeeper;
Percy Greer, student A. &. NJ Col
Ilege; Lucille Higdon, student Whit
worth; Lizzie Hubert; Junius john
son, student University of Miss. ;
Robert Lee Jones, court stenog-
rapher; Marie Lewenthal, student
lin music; Ethel May, student
| Whitworth; Ralph McGrath, gov
ernment position; S. E. Moreton,
student Washington Lee Universi-
ty; Mabel Oliver, teaching; Frank
Pennington, teacher; Edward
Sauls, student Whitworth; Luther
Tyler, First National Bank, Clara
Wroten, teacher.
Those that received certificates !:
IGeorgie Ruth Boren, student State
Normal College; Jane Musselwhite,
student |. |. & College; David
Musselwhite, student Millsaps;
Fred Smith, student University of
Miss.
The Semi-weekly leader. (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1905-1941, 1916-03-29
TOhn MCGrath & Sons, BrOOkhaYen, Miss.
LABOR LAW BEING VIOLATED.

A recent report of the bereau of
labor statistics of the department
of labor, based on Investigations
made among establishments en-
ploying 335, 900 persons of whom
167, 900 are females, discloses
some rather surprising facts con-
cerning the conditions of female
and child labor in this country.
Among the families from which
the wage earners in the cotton,
glass, garment and silk industries
of the country come, it was found
that the employment of girls is al
most universal. The investiga-
tions disclosed that from 80 to 98
per cent of 5000 representative
families had girls earning wages,
evidently from economic necessity,
from 81 to 43 per cent of the total
family income was contributed
by the girls.
1t was found that a large num-
Der of children below the level age
were employed at work prohibited
bv law for children of their age;
that they are employed at illegal
times and for longer hours than
the law allows. This is done by
false certificates of age and by
more or less subtle evasions of the
law.
Approximately so per cent Of
the women past the age of 16 are
employed in cotton, glass, garment
and silk industries are paid less
than Sc for a weeks work. The
wages of women employed in prac-
tically all indust, les are considered
inadequate to supply a reasonable
standard of living where the wo-
men are wholly dependent on their
own earnings for support.