davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-07-16

came to the armories to see the men up to the last minute as they seemed to realize that even though there should be noaactual war in a company of so manyf men some of them will not return.
 War brides were numerous, and in number of instances the brides have taken their husbands places in office work. Butithis is true not only of the brides but of many of the married women, who have undertaken to hold down the husbands job. and some are succeeding admirably.
 Now the men have settled down to the hard task of getting in shape for the front should they be called. Mex leo at this season of the year has not particularly healthy or pleasant cli- mate, and in order to keep we'll one must be in good physical condition. It is hoped.that the camp training will bring this about. Long hikes and drills are the order of the day, and everybody is busy from the General to the man who digs ditches. Trench warfare is being studied as it is now one of theinecessities of modern war  fare.
 Patriotics Sentiments Of Firms.
 All over .the country the National Guardsman: is being assured that he will receive full pay while he is away and that his position will remain open until his return. Some firms have even promised to provide pensions for the widows in case the husband should not return. Others are ar ranging for the men according to the means of the concerns, showing a patriotism4of the highest order. Those who have regarded the United States as a peace-at-any-price Nation will soon have that notion dispelled.
 The callswill have many uses; it will teach our National Guard what is re- quired for actual warfare both in equipment and training. Above all, 1t will be an object lesson on the sub- ject of preparedness and will beset the people to earnest thinking that if so much Is needed in a difficulty with third rate power like Mexico and we are so deficient in so small a task, what would be our fix if we were to face a powerful nation. May the les son now learned bear fruit of an none in the world. The camps are open to the public. and every citizen whose age or duties keep him from enlisting should find time to at least encourage the men in their strenuous work of getting in shape to defend the honor of our land.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-07-16
amps Where Our Nat hal GuardAre Mobilized |r Service in Mexico if  IT. Preparedness.

|opyright, 1916, by The International Syndicate.
 T Is doubted if the average citizen of the United States knows even in a general way what is required in the mobilization of our Na-
 hal Guard for actual service in the Tense of our country Many prob |y think that the call to arms is
 |wered by the regiments collecting their respective armories and
 |rching to the camp to wait the final Ter to go to the front. It is per- |ps, this great-and you might say.
 |minal ignorance on this subject 1t has called the feeling against
 fional preparedness. Our National
 |ard is not equipped for actual war; |e, and the sooner this is recognized better it will be for our National hor, and there will be ways and |ans adopted to put the military af- E-s of the country on basis com |nsurate with the importance and |nity of our country among the na-
 Ens of the world. Soldiers Not Made In A Day. The making of a soldier is not the
 Irl1e ofsa day or a month butsof sev-s
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-07-16

of feet was heard as the men were put through military movements. While the camps were being made ready many of the men slept in the armories and were fed there as well. The streets of the smaller towns took on a military air as the boys in khaki walked about and many young men caught the spirit of patriotism and enlistments resulted. Tn nearly every part of the country it was found that the regiments which drew their mem- bers from the rural districts were much nearer to their full strength than those of the cities, consequently the country boys were the first to go into camp.
 Rounding Up The Stacker"
 Rounding up the "slackers' who failed to put in an appearance at the armories when their regiments were called was executed with the vigor and promptness characteristic of war fare. It was the real thing with the romance cut out. Men were taken from wagons and from places of busi- ness and those who were in distant cities were ordered to return at once. Those who Joined the regiments att tracted by dress parades and social life were made to understand that these things were the recreation and not the object of the regiment.
 Scenes similar to those enacted when the call was made during the Spanish-American War were repeated. Mothers using every excuse to prevent their sons from going, and "slackers" themselves trying to get out of doing their duty. Wives and sweethearts
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-07-16
BY WALDON FAWCETT.

|F it's to be torpedo warfare in fu- ture.-and between ourselves 1t looks very much as if it is--the United States will not be caught Pping. Truth to tell. prepared $" as 1t relates to torpedoes is al- |dy in a measure an accomplished E and the Navy Department is liking tooth and nail to make 1t |me true" in even greater measure. he New Era in Torpedo Warfare. Fot so many years ago the firing of |pedoes was supposed,-a least ac- Iding to. the popular idea,-to be to torpedo boats. The torpedo It was a specially built, lean, lank Eft, the sole function of which was Ehurl torpedoes and in consequence |ried no weapons other than torpe- i tubes except a few small-calibre ! s for defense purposes under cer- h circumstances. The torpedo ! ts were, of course. unarmored for Fvas their cue to stealthily deliver How and get away ere the enemy tized what had happened.
 Fndeniably it was very pictur- |ue form of warfare that we con- |bd up for the torpedo boats. We I ed them the z@greyhounds of the Ehn" and "wasps of warfare" and fold millions were spent in devel- Ing the engines of these craft until Eoint was reached where they could &ntain the gait of an express train.
 the torpedo boat has seen its best
 Is. To be sure. we, in common with
 er nations. yet have them on our
 al list but they are used largely
 patrol duty and for the instruc-
 ofsof1icers and tars who will later Idle torpedoes' in a different en- Pnment.
 Fnder the new status, torpedoes are
 D on their dire errands from sub
 Fines. from destroyers.--the short torpedo boat destroyers,-and
 m battleships. The submarine ap-
 Is to the popular imagination, of
 rse, as the logical vehicle of tor
 b warfare and so it is. in meas
 but the self-same North Sea bat
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-07-16
Il ZlT2DSo0 aI2a TLI79 | [I11e 0I2 UsT/tS2w25z5Lp
strong in its punch as gun cotton. and that 1t is more easily handled. etc.
 Uncle Sam. Torpedo Builder.

that 1t is more easily handled. etc.
 Uncle Sam, Torpedo Builder.
 Uncle Sam builds many of his own torpedoes and is rapidly working into an independent position in this re- spect. More than a quarter of mill lion dollars has already been expend- ed upon building for the Navy's tor pedo plant along with $S0.000 for ma chinery and 1t is proposed to spend an additional s100,0o0 for machin- cry with a view to increasing output which is distinctly a matter of conse- quence seeing as how it takes at least a year to turn around on a torpedo order.
 There Is ample reason why Uncle Sam should go the limit in building his own torpedoes because the Gov ernment builds torpedoes cheaper than 1t can buy them and inasmuch as each one of the big .torpedoes costs exactly ss,s75. it. follows that's any economies in this direction will be welcome. to say nothing of safeguard ing the secrets of torpedo construc- tion.
 This nation has manifested tradi- tional Yankee ingenuity in develop ing it's torpedo resources. Years ago our Navy bought in England several
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1916-06-22
The CALL TO ARMS

The militia of all the states were
called to the colOrs in the following
statement addressed to the governors
of the various states by Secretary Of
War Baker:
Having in view the possibility of
further aggression upon the territory
Of the United States and the necessity
for the proper protection of that from
tier, the president has thought proper
to exercise the authority vested In him
by the Constitution and the laws and
call out the organized militia and the
National Guard necessary for that pur-
pose.
II am in consequence, Instructed by
the president TO call into the service
of the United States through you, the
following units of the organized MILL
tia and the National Guard of the state
of .............. which the president
directs shall be assembled az the state
mobilization point $500. Cor ut the
place to be designated to you by the
commanding general, eastern depart
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1916-06-22

the candidate be made by reclamation.
Senator Hughes moves that the
rules be suspended and the nominal
tion made by reclamation" bawled
Chairman James above the tumult.
We was about TO put the motion
when a man rushed down the aisle
with appraised monltory forefnger and
the uplifted voice of protest. II was
Bobby" Burke of Chicago, elected
Illinois delegate at large as an anti
Wilson man.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1916-06-22

ment). for muster into the service OF
the United States
ORGANIZATIONS to be accepted into
the federal service should have the
minimum peace strength now pre-
scribed for organized militia. The
maximum strength at which Organiza-
tons will be accepted and to which
they should be raised as soon as pos
sible is prescribed in section No. 2,
TABLES of Organization" United
States Army.
in case any regiment battalion or
squadron, now recognized as such, con-
tains an insufficient number Of Organi-
cations 10 enable II to conform at mus
ter To regular army organization TIA
bles. the organizations necessary to
complete such units may be mOvad to
mobilization camp and there inspected
under orders of the department COM
mander to determine fitness for recog-
milton as organized by the war depart
ment.
Circular 10, division of militia af-
fairs, 1914, prescribes the Organiza-
lions desired from each state as part
of the local tactical division, and only
these organizations will be accepted
into service"
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1916-06-22
Condition of the National
Guard in the Various
States.

According to the latest war depart
ment records, the condition of the Ma
tional Guard Is as follows:
Alabama-Medical department, good
field artillery, poor; infantry, fair and
good.
Acknowledged department, good |;
infantry, fair and good.
Arkansas-First Infantry Companies
d, ID, f and X, poor; others good or
very good. Second Infantry Compa-
MES G and X, poor; others good or
fair.
California - Medical department,
good cavalry, fair; field artillery, very
good; coast artillery, good and fair;
infantry, fair or poor by company.
Colorado-Medical department, good !;
corps Of engineers, fair; cavalry, good !;
field artillery, poor; infantry, good and
poor by companies.
Connecticut - Medical department,
very good; cavalry, good and excel
lent; field artillery, very good; coast
artillery, good and very good by COM
panies; infantry. excellent and very
good.
District of Columbia-Medical de-
partment, excellent; signal corps, fair |;
infantry, fair, good and excellent by
companies.
Florida-Infantry, very good and
good.
Georgia-Medical department, fair !;
infantry, fair and poor by companies
cavalry, good; field artillery, very
good; coast artillery, good and poor
by companies.
Hawaii-Medical department, very
good infantry, good and fair by COM
panies.
Idaho-Infantry very good and good.
nlinois-Medical department, very
good engineer corps, fair; cavalry, ex-
eellent and very good; field artillery,
very good and good; infantry. very
good and fair by companies; Seventh
and Eighth infantry, Chicago, excellent
and very good.
Indiana-Medical department, fair ;
field artillery, fair; infantry. good and
very good by companies.
Iowa-Medical department, fair ;
field artillery. good; infantry. fair
and very good by companies.
Kansas-Medlcal department. very
good field artillery, fair; infantry,
very good and good by companies.
Kentucky - Medical department.
fair; infantry. fair and good to ex-
cellent by companies.
Louisiana Medical department,
very good cavalry, good; field artil-
lery. fair; infantry. good, fair and
poor by companies.
Maine-Medical department, fair
coast artillery corps, fair and good; In
fantry, good.
Maryland-Medlcal department, very
good infantry, very good and fair by
companies.
Massachusetts-Medic department
excellent; cavalry. very good; field ar
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1916-06-22
President and Vice President
Unanimous Choice of st.
Louis Convention.
NAMED AFTER SERIES
OF DEMONSTRATIONS
William Jennings Bryan Addresses
Delegates, Praising Chief EXecu-
tive-Ticket Named at Night
Seeslon-Story of the Big
Political Gathering.

st. Louis.--In the presence Of
cheering, song singing crowd of 10000
that packed the Coliseum TO its capac-
ity and left a surging. tumultuous
mob of disappointed stockholders out
side, Woodrow Wilson was renominat-
ed for president Of the United States
by reclamation at II 80 o'clock, Thurs
day night.
At 30 o'clock Vice President
Thomas Riley Marshall was renomi-
mated by reclamation.
Thus. by i've minutes, did the Demo
Gratis escape the dreaded hoodoo of a
ticket named on Friday.
There followed some speeches. Then
at II 81 a. m. the convention ad-
journed until eleven o'clock Friday
morning for action on the platform.
Give Display Of Unity.
1t was after series Of demonstra-
lions of enthusias and party amity
lasting nearly three hours and en-
phasized by the appearance of William
Jennings Bryan on the stand as a
speaker that Senator Hughes Of New
Jersey, lnterrupIng the speeches sec
onding the nomination of President
Wilson. moved that the selection of
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1916-06-22

tillery. excellent; coast artillery. good
and very good infantry. good and
very good by companies.
Michigan Medical department,
poor; engineers corps, fair; signal
corps. good; cavalry, good; field artil-
lery, poor; infantry, good and very
good.
Minnesota - Medical department
fair; field artillery, very good; in
fantry, good and very good by COM
panies.
Mississippi - Medical department,
poor; infantry. fair and poor by
companies.
Mlssouri-Medical department, good !;
cavalry, very good; artillery, excel
lent; infantry, very good and fair by
companies.
Northumberland department very
good; infantry, excellent and good.
Nebraska-Medlcal department, very
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1916-06-22
EVENTS LEADING To MEXICAN CRISIS

The following brief chronology con-
stitutes the highIights in the politi-
cal history OF Mexico, starting with
the Madero revolution against Presl-
dent Porfirio Diaz, November ID, 1910,
eliminating in the present crisis, as
follows:
1910.
NOV. 23-Francisco l. Madero pro-
claims himself provisional president,
and two days later Diaz resigns,
sailing with his family for Europe
May 81.
OCT. 16-Second revolution started I'M
der General Felix Diaz. Two weeks
later he Is captured by federal
troops and uprising apparently
crushed.
1913.
FEB. 21-Third revolution takes place
and victoriano Huerta proclaimed
provisional president. Gustavo Ma
dero executed.
FEB. 21-Fourth revolution, this time
against Huerta. started by Carran-
"a. governor of COahuila.
OCT. 14-Huerta lroclaims himself
dictator and abrogates constitution.
1914.
APRIL 9-Paymaster and seven sailors
arrested In Tamplco by Mexican sol
dlers. Though released few hours
later, Rear Admiral Mayo demanded
an apology, punishment Of the Mex
lean officer in charge and a salute
of twenty-one guns. This was the
APRIL 21-United States marines oc-
cupy customhouse at Vera Cruz
and take charge Of city.
JUNE 24-Peace protocol signed by
"a h CT mediators at Niagara Falls.
Ontario.
JULY 15-General Huerta resigns as
provisional president.
AUG. 14-Carranza. by agreement with
General Obregon and General Itur-
bide. named provisional president,
to succeed francesca Carbajal. who
held Office one month after Huerta's
resignation.
NOV. 1.-THE outbreak OF hostilities
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1916-06-22

between Carranza and villa takes
place.
1915.
JAN. 5 to MARCH 5-Sporadic fight
ing between villa and Carranza
forces.
MARCH 0-Secretary of State Bryan
warns Americans to leave Mexico.
Two days later John McManus
murdered by Zapatistas in Mexico
City.
AUG. S-First big fight between Mex
leans and American ranchers takes
place In Cameron County. Texas
American soil.
SEPT. 17.-Six Carranza soldiers
killed in fight with American SOL
diers near Donna, Texas.
Oct 19-United States Formally rec
ognlzes Carranza de facto govern
ment. Wild jubllatlon in Mexico
City.
NOV. 26-Three American soldiers
wounded in fight with marauding
Mexican troops near Nogales, Ariz.
Forty Mexicans killed.
1915.
JAN. Villa atrocities against Amer
leans become daily.
JAN. 13-Fifty Americans massacred
by villistas near chihuahua City.
JAN. 15-Fight between American
troops and Mexican soldiers near
Fort Hancock. fifty-three miles east
of FL Paso.
JAN. 1T-Villa orders his troops TO
shoot all Americans on sight.
JAN. 23-Eight Americans hanged by
Villas orders at Carnejutla, Mexico.
FEB. 1S-Oficial report made to Sec
rotary of State Lansing disclosed
that total American murders In Mex
leo numbered 146 In three years.
MARCH 1--Sporadlc raids by villistas
across border become almost daily.
MARCH 9-Columbus raid by 1900
Mexican rebels under villa. Seven
teen Americans slain.
MARCH 19-American troops under
command Of Colonel Dodd enter Mex
leo as vanguard of General Per-
shing's punitive expedition
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1916-06-22

good infantry, excellent, good and fair
by companies.
New ampshire-Medical depart
ment, fair; cavalry, fair; field artil-
lery, good coast artillery, poor: In
fantry. excellent and very good.
New Jersey-Medical department
very good; cavalry, good; artillery,
very good infantry, fair to good.
New Mexico-MedicaI department
good; artillery, excellent; infantry,
very good and good.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1916-06-22

tied number exist and have been in
stigated for the purpose Of advancing
the interests Of foreign countries to
the prejudice and detriment of our
own country"
Through preparedness on land and
sea against unexpected invasion and
the Joining of the United States with
othre nations To- assist the world In
securing settled peace and justice"
also were urged In other planks adopt
ed.
a suffrage plank similar 60 that
adopted by the Republican convention,
indorslng the issue but leaving lite
adoption or rejection to the individual
states, was adopted.
1--WE recommend" the plank reads,
''the extension of the franchise to the
women Of the country by the states
upon the same terms as men,"
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1916-06-22

Chairman Glynn called the convention
to order. Permanent Chairman ollie
James was escorted to the chair and
introduced. tie Immediately launched
into his address. He lauded the presi-
dent and defended his policies, partic-
ularly In regard to the controversy
with Germany over the submarine
warfare and our relations with
Mexico. An enthusiastic demOnstra-
tIon greeted his praise of President
Wilson. which lasted more than twenty
minutes. At the close OF Chairman
James speech the convention took a
recess until nine o'clock in the eve
ming.
Before the nominating speeches be-
gan VI the evening session the Demo
Gratis INDUCED In love feast In which
the advent of harmony In their ranks
was celebrated. The leader Of this
demonstration OF good will was VIII
liam Jennings Bryan.
Wilson Praised by Bryan.
MIR. Bryan was cheered enthusl-
astIcally as he entered the press sec
nine o'clock. A few minutes later,
,ion with Mrs. Bry IN shortly after
upon the motion of senator Thompson
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1916-06-22

of Kansas, the convention suspended
the rules amid tumultuous good feeling
and invited Mr.. Bryan TO the rostrum.
A committee conducted Mr.. Bryan
amid wild cheering to the side of
Chairman James.
Mr. Bryan launched into a speech
lalding HE administration of the pres
idSnt.
Following Mr.. Bryan's address the
conrention got down to the real bust
ness for which 1t had been convened
and the denomination of President
Wilson and Vice President Marshall
was quickly put through as related
above. The convention took a recess
until eleven o'clock Friday morning.
when the report Of the committee on
resolutions was presented and the
platform was adopted with little dis
cussion and practically no opposition.
Adopt Amerleanlsm Plank.
Condemnation of the activities of all
persons groups and organizations In
the United States that cOnspire to ad-
vance the interests of a foreign power
are contained In the Americanism
plank of the Democratic platform
adopted.
"We charge" the plank declares,
that such cOnsplracies among a linn
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1916-06-22

the c, tier aisle. ''For Woodrow VIII.
son-Peace, Prosperity and Prepared
ness" II reads.
With about 5000 seats In the hall
there are surely $4,000 people in the
building.
Cheer, Cheer, the Gangs All Here"
starts new gale of singing. Now IT
is Maryland" the clear voices of wom-
en- leading the chorus. A pretty young
woman carries the banner of Cali
fornia. Senator Hughes of New Jer-
sey mounts the speakers stand, and,
waving cane, proposes three cheers
for Wilson. They are lost In the gen.
eral uproar. The demonstration has
been under way for 20 minutes.
Stir over Suffrage colors.
At IL 20 p. M, 81 minutes after the
demonstration had started, q yellow
suffrage umbrella was hoisted over the
head of Congressman Helm Of Ala
bama who was still holding the gavel
temporarily. This served to rouse
the enthusiasm.
Two Nebraska delegates leaped into
the middle of the New York delegation,
sitting tight in It's chairs, and urged
Murphy and the Tammany braves to
get happy. Former Governor Glynn
and a few others got on their c1airs.
Murphy didn't move a muscle.
A handsome woman in full evening
dress waved the South Carolina flag
from the speakers stand. while the
band played "Dixle."
The band quit playing at IL 80. Two
minutes afterward it starts all over
again and then Chairman James be-
gins to pound for order. The den on
stration has lasted As minutes.
After couple Of brief secondiug
speeches, the nomination Of Mr.. wa
son was rushed through.
GIynn Is the keynoter.
In hall gay with flags and buntlu,y
and with pictures of party leaders
past and present, looking down upon
them from medallions around the bal.
cony, the delegates to the Democratic
national convention assembled on
scheduled time Wednesday. The pro-
ceedings were formally started when
William +. McCombs, chairman of the
national committee, assembled the plat
form and raped for order. He melted
the first burst of enthusiasm Of the
convention when, in a short address in
Producing the temporary chairman, he
predicted victory for the party in the
| fall.
The keynote speech was delivered
by former Gov. Martin IL. Glynn of
New York, the temporary chairman.
He was frequently interrupted by ap-
plause when some point in his speech
stirred the enthusiasm Of the dele
| gates. His eulogy of President Wilson
started the biggest demonstration of
the day. Following Governor Glynns
speech, committees on credentials, per
manent organization, rules, and resolu-
tons were announced. and that days
work was done.
James Permanent Chairman.
The delegates were little slow In
assembling for Thursdays session, and
1t was almost noon when Temporary
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1916-06-22
The Only Difference.

First Landlady--I manage to keep
my boarders longer than you do.
Second Landlady-O. don't know.
You keep them so thin that they lock
longer than they really are-~Patn
finder.