davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
Proposed immigration Laws

rate but he assists in forcing down
ward the prevailing rate of wages in
that industry, which result carries
with it a corresponding reduction in
the physical, moral, and intellectual
standard of American life.
In support of my statement that
the American worker cannot COM
pete with this induced immigration
and support family on the wages
paid, | refer you to the investigation
of the Bethlehem steel works made
by a committee of the Federal Coun-
Gil of the Churches of Christ, repre-
senting over 100000 people, and
the investigation made by Commits
sioner Neill, of the Department of
Labor, as to wages and conditions in
the steel industry.
The committee of the Federal
Council of the Churches of Christ,
commenting on the wage scale of
Bethlehem, said
This is a wage scale that leaves
no option to the common laborers
but the boarding house method of liv-
ing with many men to the room.
When man has family with him,
they take in dodgers, or often the wo-
man goes to work. 1t is reported
that immigrant parents send their
children back to the old country to
be rearel while the mother goes to
work. On such wage basis Ameri-
can standards are impossible"
The literacy test is an expedient
which should be adopted now, and
time and experience will demonstrate
what further legislation will be neces-
sary in the interest and for the safety
of the American people, for the i'm
and homes, and for the perpetuation
of the American Republic.
The American Federation of Labor
at its convention held last November
in San Francisco, by unanimous ac-
tiOn reiterated the decisions of pre-
vious conventions urging the speedy
enactment into law of the immigra-
tion bill containing the literacy test
No other single proposed addition
to our immigration laws has received
the endorsement accorded to the
, literacy test.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
SOME ONE is GUILTY"

In the state of Washington last
year, l49 persons laid down their
lives and perhaps ten times as many
others passed through suffering in
cident TO typhoid fever from ignor-
ance and carelessness. If $50 people
died every year from snakes bites
and l,200 were bitten. something
would be done about it, And it
seems high time that something is
done to prevent these unnecessary
deaths from typhoid fever We are
now in possession Of the knowledge
of the cause and manner in which
this disease is spread, and are fully
aware what steps should be taken to
protect human lives Whenever
person dies from typhoid fever
large sign should be placed over the
coffin bearing these words: Some
One is Guilty" Possibly the re-
sponsibility in each case could not
be definitely fixed but time is fast
approaching, we hope, when each
one will realize that he is his
brothers keeper The responsibility
very often rests with a city or town
which is careless or criminally negli.
gent in the manner of disposing of its
waste products Let us take heed
Health Bulletin.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
LUDLOW HERO" OUT

Denver Colo. Adjutant General
Chase is no longer connected with the
Colorado state militia, as the hero"
of Ludlow stepped down and out last
week Chases connection with the
Ludlow killings is we'll known, as is
his other activities during the re-
cent strike of miners in southern
Colorado These brought the state
militia in such bad repute that the
federal government, it is said, forced
Governor Carlson to oust him
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
Transportation Workers
Earn MOre-Get Less
DELIBERATE LIARS
(From Committee on Industrial Re
lations)

(From Committee on Industrial Re-
lations)
Washington. Charging the COM
mittee of railroad managers with a
deliberate attempt to deceive the
public, Frank P. Walsh, recently is
sued a statement repudiating and de-
nouncing the use of the name Of the
United States Commission on Indus
trial Relations in connection with the
distribution of a pamphlet attacking
the eight-hour movement of the rail
road brotherhoods.
The pamphlet is entitled wages
and Hours of Railroad Employees"
and is by Luke Grant, who is desig-
mated on the cover and again on the
title page as Special Agent for the
United States Industrial Commits
sion"
After characterizing Grants discus
sion of the eight-hour movement of
the brotherhoods as a skillful piece
of special pleading, in which facts
are distorted for the evident purpose
of prejudicing the public against the
men, Mr.. Walsh says:
| Grant is not an agent of the In
dustrial Commission and has not been
since last July. The Commission, as
woo wo1l lpowp to tho rai1rood man.
ayers when they put out this pam
phlet, expired by statutory limitation
in August, and their use of this des
/ ignation of Grant is a deliberate and
willful attempt to deceive the public
and to give the prestige of the Com
mission to a document that is not
entitled to it and that without it would
carry no weight"
mo investigation into conditions
of employment in the railroad trair
service ever was made by the Com
mission. Any information on the
subject possessed by Mr.. Grant mus
have been handed to him by the rail
roads or obtained by him from othel
source. His article sounds suspici
ously like an echo of the Statement
issued by the railroads themselves.
Mr.. Grant since he left the EN-
ploy of the Commission has been EN-
ployed by the Tariff Commission
League, and in that employment ht
has attempted to capitalize his stand
ing with organized labor acquired il
past years as an active trade union
list. Grants attack on the railroad
brotherhoods shows him in his true
character as a hostile critic of the
labor movement and a champion o.
those interests that are always
ready to reward men of his type"
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
INITIATIVE MEASURES
DECLARED LEGAL

Olympia, Wash.-Judge Wright of
the Superior court has refused an in
junction against four bills inflated by
a joint committee of trade unions and
farmers which will be voted on at
the next election. Friends of the meas
ures declare the purpose of their op-
ponents was to gain time and stop
the circulating of petitions. The court
proceedings, however, has resulted in
bringing more clearly to the attention
of the voters of the state the character
of the opposition to the proposals.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28

products manufactured by them, or
perhaps they have been informed that
if the steamship companies do not
receive $60,00O000 a year for trans
porting aliens they will raise their
freight rates.
This reason will account in a great
measure fo the opposition of So
cieties of various nationalities com
posed wholly or partly of business
men and the attorneys of business
men. Restrictions may interfere with
their profits.
We oppose any attempt to lower
the standards of American life. We
want to raise them, and we are op-
posed to the exploitation of millions
of aliens with it's attending evils to
swell the profits of the steamship
companies, even if it adds to the
resources of those companies $780,
100000 a year, even if it enables the
United States Steel Trust to pay
dividends and interest on $400,000,000
of stocks and bonds, which never
cost that company one cent
Iwish to call your attention to
the fact that indusry is projected
by tariff, but labor is not; that the
products of labor are protected, but
we have a free flow of labor coming
to our Shores all the time; that manu-
facturers have protection against pro-
ducts manufactured by cheap labor
in foreign countries, but, labor has
not protection against the importa
ton of cheap labor.
The opponents of this measure say
that if the products of labor are pro-
tected, then labor itself must be
benefited, because the manufacturer
can sell the products at a much
higher price than can be obtained IN
other countries and will be in pa
sition to pay higher wages to his
employees. The protected ,manufac-
turer does receive a higher price than
the products can be sold for in other
countries; and the second contention
that they are thus made able to
pay higher wages to their employees
is also true. but the fact is they do
not pay higher wages, They pay
lower wages
/. We find that the most highly pro
tected industries, particularly the in
dustries that are now controlled by
trusts, such as the steel trust, rubber
trust sugar trust, packing houses,
and textile industry, pay to their en-
ployes the lowest wage in the coun-
try, and some of them less than a
living wage for a family. A high tar
iff has nothing to do with the wages
in these industries
We hold that limitation OF immi-
grafton to our country will compel
social and industrial reform in the
countries from which the immigrants
/
flow. The fact that these countries
have an outlet for great number of
! their people means thta there is an
outlet from the oppressive conditions
in these countries. For that reason
those countries delay social and in
dustrial reforms AS a CONSEQUENCE
industrial and social misery is per.
petuated in those countries, because
their citizens are induced to come to
this country.
The wage earners believe in an
effective regulation OF immigration,
because they desire to retain the
American standard of living. The
standard of wages for both skilled
and unskilled labor in this country
is the result of many years effort
| by organized labor. When an immi-
grant accepts work at less than the
standard wage he not only takes the
place of a man working at a higher
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
NEW LAWS FOR MARYLAND

Annapolis, Md.-The state assem-
bly, whihh has just adjourned it's BIZ
ennial session, passed a mothers
pension law, attended the child labor
laws and consolidated the labor agen-
cies of the state. A new system of
state control over public education is
the best of any state in the union, its
advocates say.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
Transportation Employees Have Not
Increased Railroad Operat-
ing Costs.

Any advances in operating costs of
the railroads have not been due to
added outlays to transportation en-
ployes. Train and engine crews
have given to the transportation COM
panies more than they have received
in increased rates Of pay. This fact
is clearly shown by the reports of
the railroads themselves to their
: Commerce Commission. Although
engineers, firemen, conductors and
trainmen have received some ad-
vances in rates of pay during recent
years, they have had to work harder
and have handled more traffic each
year for each dollar of additional
compensation received.
Transportation employees are piece
workers. They are engaged in
handling freight and passenger traf-
fic. The requirement for a standard
days work is to haul so many tons
of freight or so many passengers 100
miles. If the weight of freight
train is increased the cost to the rail
roads for labor in handling each ton
. of freight 100 miles is less.
The constant increasing of train
loads has been the predominating
factor in recent railway operating
progress. The growth in weight of
trains has been more rapid than the
advances in rates of pay to transpor-
tation employees. Engine and train
crews have transported proportion
ately greater volume of freight
than they have received increases in
wages. AS a consequence, the labor
cost to the railroads of engine and
train crews has decreased.
During the course of the recent ar
bitration between the Western rail
roads and their engineers and fire
men, it was shown that the proper
ton of total operating expenses aris-
ing from payments to transportation
employees was Ia per cent less in
i, 1913 than in 1890. In 1913 it was also
shown that wage payments to trans
portation crews required only 10 cents
out of each dollar of revenue earned
by Western railroads in 1913 as com
lar of revenue in 1890. When consid-
cred on the basis of freight tonnage,
it was found that it cost the railroads
for wages to locomotive engineers
and firemen 65 cents for each 1000
tons carried one mile in 1890, while
in 1918, engineers and firemen trans
cents, a decrease of cost to the rail-
roads for these employees alone, dur
ing this period of slightly more than
so per cent. 1t was also shown fur
ther by exhibits submitted during the
Western arbitration that during the
more recent years, 1900-1913, the cost
. to the transportation companies for
wages of engineers and firemen de-
creased 12 per cent for each 1000
tons of freight hauled one mile.
It is apparent from these facts that
the productive efficiency Of trans
portation employees has increased
faster than their rates Of pay. To
produce these results for the rail-
roads they have had to work exces-
sive hours. The present movement
for an eight-hour day is, therefore,
a reasonable request by transporta-
ton employees to participate in the re-
suits Of their own labor, not primarily
in terms of dollars and cents but in
form of a shorter work day.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
HERE AND THERE
BUILDERS RAISE WAGES

Greenwich, Conn. - Building con
tractors have signed an agreement to
raise wages, beginning May /. Sheet
metal workers are Increased Sc
cents per day; carpenters, 25 cents;
plumbers and steamfitters, IA cents;
lathers, 25 cents; and painters and
paper hangers, % cents.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28

(By FRANK MORRISON, Secretary
American Federation of Labor)
A high tariff against European
cheap labor products is insisted upon
by American trusts, but these trusts
are the chief opponents of immigra-
tion restriction intended to protect
American workers, said Frank Nor
risen, secretary of the American Fed
Grafton of Labor, at recent hearing
on this legislation before the House
committee on immigration. The A.
F. of l.. official declared that Ameri-
can manhood cannot compete with
the living standards of eastern Europe
and Asia and that it sis unwise to
expect them to resist the tidal waves
of Slav and Oriental onslaught" He
further said:
The proposition to prohibit immi-
grafton to the United States of able
cannot read has a sympathetic view
point, where individuals are consid-
cred; but, Notwithstanding such
viewpoint the American Federation
of Labor, which represents the or
ganized workers of the country, and
whic is the only method or organiza-
alton or agency which has repeatedly
declared by resolutions in conven-
tions that the literacy test is the
most practical means of restricting
he present immigration of cheap
labor whose competition is so ruin
Gus to the workers already here,
whether native or foreign
A great deal has been said and
published in an endeavor to create
the impression that it is necessary
to induce immigration to come to
tbs country for the purpose of secur-
ing agricultural workers. There is
no question, in my mind, but that
such agitation has for its purpose
the enticing of immigrants to our
country to supply the United States
Steel Corporation, the great manu-
featuring concerns, coal companies,
packing houses, and railroads with
men willing to work at cheaper
wage than those who are born here.
The opponents to this test make
the argument that common laborers
would belong to the class that could
not pass the literacy test, and that
this country is very much in need
of that particular kind of labor.
The great industrial companies of
this country have more men today
than they can employ, but they want
two men for every job. They know
that unemployed men must work to
live and their necessities will force
them to accept any wage set by the
companies. Hence the workers
wages are literally held below a liv-
ing wage by the hunger, misery and
distress of the unemployed.
The organized wageworkers have
declared in favor Of restriction of
immigration to maintain uncovered
the American standard of life. Those
who oppose restriction are repre-
sentatives of companies and associ-
ations composed of employers of
labor whose dominant interest is the
dollar, and associations that depend
for their existence upon contributions
from the employing class.
They feel that a reduction of i'm
migration will result in a higher
wage for their workers which will
disturb the profits and dividends from
j
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
INTERNATIONAL
LABoR-DAY

International Labor Day will be
celebrated in the Forum at 1912 Cal
ifornia street on Sunday, April 80,
commencing at s p. m. The program
will consist of speeches, songs, reci-
tations, music and refreshments Ad-
mission is free. Follow the crowd
Sunday to The Forum
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
NEW YORK PAINTERS
ARE WINNING

New Yprk.-The fioint movement
of painters for IS wage scale in
Greater New York is proving sue
cessful. Contractors are crowding the
union headquarters to sign the new
agreement
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
COMPROMISE WAGE DEMAND

Fall River, Mass-The Painters
union has accepted the wage offer of
painting contractors to raise wages
from 31h cents an hour to Al cents.
The workers original demand was
As cents.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
A FIELD FOR PREPAREDNESS

Washington.-ella caused 5000
deaths in this country in 1915, accord
ing to reports issued by the United
States public health service. The de-
velopment of this disease can be pre-
vented by a cheap and simple diet,
the health service experts say.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
WON'T HELP BREAK STRIKES

Altoona, Pa.-The local branch OF
the state employment bureau has
been notified by state officials not to
furnish strikebreakers to any person,
firm or corporation that is party to
any industrial dispute.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
REST LAW INTACT

Albany, N. Y. - An attempt to
amend the one-day-of-rest-in-sev
law by exempting creameries and
other industries of a similar nature
from its provisions has been defeated
by the state assembly.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
MACHINIsTs REDUCE HOURS

Alton, Ill.-Through conferences
with the Illinois Glass Works Com
pany the Machinists union has re-
duced hours at this plant from 81 to
so per week.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
WIRE MEN RAISE WAGES

Pottsville, Pa.-Electrical workers
have raised wages of inside men 10
cents an hour, secured union recogni-
tion and an eight-hour day. The con-
tract will run for one year
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
MISSISSIPPI HAS
REFERENDUM LAW

Jackson, Miss A constitutional
amendment with initiative and refer
endum provisions, adopted by the peo-
pie two years ago, has been ratified
by both houses of the Mississippi
legislature
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
PATTERN MAKERS
RAISE WAGES

Newark, N. 1.-THE Pattern Max.
ers' union has raised wages to SIS a
day. An agreement has been reached
with employers whereby the present
scale of $425 will be gradually in
creased until June, when IS will be
paid
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
SECURE HOUR DAY

Rockford. lll.-The local Metal
Workers union has secured the eight
hour day and wage increases, to take
effect May 1. These gains were
made throreh conferences
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28

The House having authorized an in
crease of 10000 in the army, all that
is necessary now is to find 10000 men
willing to give up wages of SIS day
for SIG per month. Boston Tran
script
1t would be more troublesome to
find the SIS a day wages.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
I.ABORERS RAISE WAGES

Schenectady, N, Y. - Laborers'
Protective Union No. 1883, affiliated
to the American Federation of Labor,
has raised wages from $1SS to $2.4O
per day without a strike.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28

jamestown, n. Y.-Painting cOntrac-
tors have signed a two-year agree
ment with Painters union No 49S.
Wages were increased 10 cents a day
for the first year and an additional
Is cents the second year.
Grainers, painters, varnishers, rub
bers, finishers and first coaters en-
ployed by the Dahlstrom Door Com
pany have secured a one-year agree
ment and wage increases of 81 cents
"a day. These workers are members
Of Painters union No. 49S
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28

neapOlis.-Without resorting to
a strike, the organized painters have
raised wages cents an hour.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
PAINTERS RAISE WAGES

Henderson, Ky.-Painters, decora-
tors and paper hangers at this place
have increased wages 5 cents an hour
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28

TRUSTS ARE PROTECTED
FROM FOREIGN PRODUCTS
BUT DEMAND AN UNLIMIT-
ED FLOW OF CHEAP LABOR
WHICH DESTROYS AMERI-
CAN WAGES AND IDEALS
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28

The question is whether there re-
mains something OF the heroic in
the Perkins check-book. - Columbia
State
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28

And did you ever stop to think
what would have happened if Noah
had been against preparedness I'm
d'c~acrra Sta-
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28

Salt Lake City.-Painters in this
city have raised wages so cents a
day.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28
GAINS BY CARPENTERS

Coal City, Ill.-The Carpenters un-
ion has raised wages 10 cents per
hour. making the new rate so cents
The work day has been reduced from
nine to eight hours.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28

Duluth, MINI. - Carpenters union
has increased wages ~ cents an
hour, to take effect May l,
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-04-28

Enid, Okla. Building contractors
have increased wages of carpenters
5 cents an hour. A strike threat by
the Carpenters union was a factor
in this transaction.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-05-10

Notice is hereby given TO the citizens
OF the city Of South Bend and Of Port
age Township. -. Joseph County In
diana. that T. q. Fred Benz. viii apply
70 the Board Of Commissioners OF said
County at its June Term, 1916. for re-
newal Of my retail liquor license Tor the
sale Of Intoxicating. vinCus. malt ana
spirituous liquors In less Quantities thah
five gallons az a time. with the privl-
lCge Of allowing same 10 be drank on
the premises. and the sale Of cigars. to-
baccO and Notwithstanding drinks ana
the serving Of lunch and the running OF
n restaurant Ny place Of business and
the premises wherein said liquors are
20 be sold and drank are located on the
ground floor OF the twO-stOry brick ana
frame building situated on the south
side 81 Lot Number 900 Of the Original
Plat 81 the City OF South Bend. Indiana
known as No. 333 South Michigan street
said room being ~ feet East and West
and % feet North and South, with the
exception OF Jog taken up b. stair
way. with entrance from said south
Michigan Street. a door on south side
10 restaurant and stairway. door In
rear 10 kitchen and a door on North side
g. FRED REM