davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Nome daily nugget., 1916-05-19
NOTICE.I

Gall or r,ns Main 4s wnsn yev have job printing to bs dsns. Ths Nvssst has the most complete stock fee all oocasiona
The Nome daily nugget., 1916-05-19

A cable received by Walter Shields, superintendent of the bureau of education, from Mir. Lopp, states that the schooner Eolmes will sail for Boring wa ters on May 25 with supplies for Il bureau of education. The Holr1es will be in command of < ,ptain Becklund,. who was here of previous occasions. Mr. Shields states that the schooner will not stop at Nome but will proceed direct to St. Lawrence island and afterWard to the several stations along the upper coast.
The Nome daily nugget., 1916-05-19

The Family Paper is the Nome Daily Nugget.
The Nome daily nugget., 1916-05-19

Taking advantage of the gen cral hardening of the trails due to the freeze last night Barney Coggins returned to Dexter with a quantity of hose for use during the sluicing period. Barney has out dump of goodly proportions which is said to contain high values.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05
CONVICT FLEES CAMP
Negro Obtnins Pistol and Clothes nnd
Nmkcs His t'scnpc-ShOOts
nloodhOund.

Especial Ia The Times Dispatch.l
DANNIl.l.E. VA, November 4.--Hcnry
Hull. a negro. who twenty three years
ago. shot Il man just This side of the
Maryland border, escaped yesterday af-
tcrnoon from the camp of convicts who
are rebuilding the turnpike between
Danvillc and Bachelors Hall.
Hull managed To obtain a pistol and
some clothes and Slipped away during
the afternoon. his ilirh, being discov
cred two hours later. Guard |. &. Dovcl
put two bloodhuunds ON the scent and
they traiicd the fugitive to where he
was seated in some woods. changing
his clothes. Corncrcd, the negro shot
IT the dogs and injured one and man
aged to make good his escape. de-
spite the fact that the guards. at
trtctcd by the shots. fastened up as
quickly as possible.
This is the third tiine Hull has cs-
capped. His first successful attempt
won him fifteen years of scouting lib
criy. but he was arrested and given
fifteen additional years for havini;
made a getaway. Hull is from Mary
land
This is the fourth convict TO escape
from this camp during thc past few
weeks.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05
SIMS CHARGED WITH
MURDER OF SWEETHEART
said {" Have Stabbed Angelina Palmer
During l."r'rs' Quarrel, CnuS-
ing Her Death.

Lewis Sims. colored aged twenty
years. is held ut the First Police
station charged with the murder OF
his sweetheart. Angelina Palmer, also
twenty years old. Tho girl was Killed
when Sims plunged II knife into hcr
breast and severed IN artery near the
heart.
The killing occurred ut 500 o'clock
last night 1T Io2 North Eighteenth
street Within ten minutes Patrolm,n
y. NJ. Smith and G. l.. Tucker h;W The
negro locked up in the First Station.
charged with IN assault with intent
To Kill. The girl was hurried 10 tn
Virginia Hospital 10y Ambulance Sur
scon Green. and she died within three
minutes after She reached that iusti-
tuition.
few minutes later the officers
walked back to the Negroes cell in ,hc
First station. and served upon HIN, The
warrant charging murder. The icgro
screamed. and for more than IA hour
continued TO pray.
According TO the officers. Sims and
the Palmer girl came To Richmond
from Glover. and have been living to-
Iether as man and wife at the house
where the killing occurred. According
To Sims. the two were playing and he
was piayfully keeping hrr of hiih by
abiding his knife at her lie said tho
girl SpranG on him and struck the
KNIFE. infiicting the wound that caused
her death. The officers say. however.
that there is evidence Of Il lovers
quarrel
Coroner Taylor ordered the body
turned "N"r to AN undertaken
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05
ELECTION RETURNS
Acca Temple. Noblcs or Mystic shrine,
to Entertain at city
Auditorium.

til" patrol and band Of AcCa Ternplr
Mobiles Of III" Mystic shrine, arr, max
inG extensive preparations to receive
the election returns at the city Audi :
torium Tuesday night, commencing at
y o'clock and continuing until mid
might or later. y private wire Is being
Installed. ANA the returns will he licked
off 10y ~ SO"cial operator on the stage
and thrown on ~ screen by a Stcrcop-
,icon. ON account Of the interest taken
by the women in this campaign the
meeting has been arranged with their
comfort and convenience in view. Til,
Acca Temple Band. under the direction
of g. Burton MountcRstle. will render
special program.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05
CATCHES. THEN LOSES. MAN
sheriff Outwittrd by Prisoner To t:ct
Whom lie Travelled Many
Especial to Tho Times-pispatchJ

Special To Tho Times Dispatch
tlAiiRlSONBuRG. VA. November e.
After making long Journey to Iron
ton, ohio. in search of Il prisoner
Sheriff H. l.. Croushorn, of Harrison
burg. caught his man and then lost
him. lie wanted Frank FITZGERALD
under indictment here for feloniously
assaulting Ed Bowman.
The sheriff caught his man and keep,
him in Jail all night. but next morn
ing Fitzgcrald'S attorney convinced
the judge that there was n defect in
"Ntradition papers. Fitzgerald walked
out OF the courtroom and before the
Virginia sheriff could make the cor
recti"n in the papers Fitzgerald was
headed for tho kentucky lire
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05
For OLD Folks Home.

Headquarters for the campaign to
raise Sin.n0o for tho Color"d Old Folks
'lomc VIII hc opened up tomorrow
n"ruing at 1ln7 East Main Street The
iuHlIaGcrS of the campaign ar" cont
don't hat they viii raise the fund by
hankSgiving bay. The leaders Of
The work are Rev. w Il. johnson, y.
-. chairman: Rev K. Y rcyt"u, H.
". treasurer: Miss Leila e. Robinson.
secretary; Rev. NJ T.. Davis H. L., and
james NJ. FraVSicr managers
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05

Gladys Lane. Mrs. Nellie Harlow
two young women. ana y. II. Harvey
and q. T.. Harris. young mon. were
each fined sIn by Justic" Cru,chncld
yesterday upon charges of being dis
orderly In an office building on Ninth
street. between Grace ana Franklin
Policemen Sweet and Lumpkin. who
work in plain clothes from the First
station, raid"d the place.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05

tomorrow night asking for an appro-
priation of this amount However,.
there Is likely to he some opposition to
the plan, President II. l.. Peters. of
the Common Council, still being in
favor of n new municipal building con-
tanning an auditorium and public Ii
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05

Jack Riley complained to Desk Ser
Scant j. T.. Marin. Of the First Polio"
station Yesterday thai some one had
robbed him OF SIS whi!" he was eating
in restaurant on y nth Seventeenth
street The police have been unable
to find the money
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05
MAY REMODEL AUDITORIUM
Tcutntiyc Plans Call for Expenditure
of S5o.nU0 on Structure on West
Cary street.

Efforts will he made at tn" meet
ing OF the Common council to-morrow
might to secure an appropriation TO
have the CITY Auditorium rvmod"lcd.
II was stated Yesterday. Tentative
plans have been prepared by tarncai
" Johnston, calling FOR extensive
changes in the present building that
would cost Approximately 100000.
Councilman Jacob Umlauf will in
troduce a resolution in the Council
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05

brary. 1t is proposed to erect this
structure on the old Ford Hotel site.
ana the matter was given wide con-
stdcrntion year or two ago
Plnns for the proposed change call
for the cutting Off of the corners Of
the building and for a new roof The
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05
MINIATURE ALMANAC.

There sccms tn Dc no restrictions Oh
tn" shore leave granted thu crew of the
h"utschlanf!: They can he seen wan
dcriuG about the streets at all hours
MP I" late at night
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05
Local Rainfall.

Rainfall last twenty-four hours. Non
deficiency III rainfall since March
...-.. ......... 81
Deficiency in rainfall since Jan
uAry ......... IL
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05

seats viii be changed SO as to front'
south instead OF east and Il new stage
built. while the interior will be deco
rated. and the exterior finished In elias.
sic style. when rcmodclcd the au-
ditorium Will have II seating capacity
OF 1000 perSOuS
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05
VISITORS ALLOWED
on TEE DER VStfiI.h

y number OF visitor. were admitted
10 the boat to-day. Among them was
a hltiasoinely tresaed W"!nau WAC ar
rived III bis nntur car She asked
to zee ca tain Nocnig. When ne APP
peared, .E. h,nird aim Il Box al cigars.
aud evidently made rec rest to see
the / cltsciiland
Anyway, She was escorted throuph
the little gate I" the StoyhHOc t.!G
spent som minutes iusid-.
Religious services Will h.. h,ld aboard
the liner Wiiehad to-mcrroyy lnr tn"
officers and crew OF the B-utscnIand
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05
The Weather
FURNISHED nv u. =. Weather Burenu.)
Forecast: Virginia
Fair sunday md
VI q II Il ay. medium
temperatures.
North Cur0linu-
Fair Sunday and
Monday, III a. Il ! u M
temperatures.


u noon temperature. ..... 62
3 i. NJ temperature. ........ G3
.hSNiii am temperature to y u. NJ. Co
Aluminium temperature to L. NJ. 80
Mean temperature ............ 40
Normal temperature ....... %
deficiency in temperature. }
deficiency III temperature since
March ........... 800
uary ........... .............. III
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05

"
Temperature, 30: humidity. 70: wind,
direction. south: wind, velocity. miles
weather, clear
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05

coroner Taylor ordered the body
urn"d over to AN undertaken
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05
Truly An American Drink

Discovered
rican OF
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05
What Dix-Branneu Is

Pure distilled Extracts
delicious splendid
wholesome, healthfu,
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05
Haze a Case Sent to Your Home

There twentyfo bottles We will
family will lunches
in the all
tme for the guest Just phon
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05

20" is the time to provide for
your winter needs. Excellent
va !U"a III all wool and wool nap
HlHnit"ts. Also soft, downy
'om!"i'a In "A wonderful pleas
Ing variety.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-11-05
SAY ANOTHER UNDERSEA
PACKET is ON WAY HERE
Boat, Probably the Bremen, Re-
ported to BE Coming to Sos-
ton or Baltimore.
SEARCHING FOR THE U-57
Warships of the Allies Arc Watch-
ing or Nantucket. While Amcri-
can Underwater Fighters Patrol
Coast Line to Preserve Neutrality.
ny DAMON HlrN,oN.

NEW LONDON CONN November l..
While warships OF the allies are
whipping the sea OF Nantucket in
search OF the German submcrsiblc u-51
and American underwater lighters are
patrolling the coast line To preserve
neutrality. ii is reported that another
foreign submarine packet * heading
FOR AN American port.
The report. which developed to-day.
has il that the presence of the t-"I
OFT Nantucket il merely u cover for the
movements for the second diving
freight carrier The rumor declares
the merchantmen is making for Bal
timorc or Boston. ana. that it is prob
ably the Bremen, the famous mystery
ship supposed To have been lost.
Captain PAUL kocuig, OF rhe sub
marine Deutschland, now in port here.
declared I'm his general interview Il few
days ago that there are only two Ger
man uMdcrsca merchant packets; ia
existence. his boat and the Bremen.
He said the iuuch-tdlkch-of Ancrika
did not exist.
Furthermore. the captain said. the
Bremen had departed from hreincr-
haven for these shores some lime aSu.
and that WAS the laSs ANY one heard
of it II WAS equipped With supplies
for SIXTY days 'rhr captain "i tin"
Deutschland gave tn" impression that
he believed the Bremen was lost.
Evening journal., 1916-09-08
Most Exfravaqdnf of All
Congresses Ends Long Session

history was established. For the first
time. the President was enabled to
send a national guardsman beyond the
boundaries OF his country without
either the guardsman's or the States
consent. Under the Hay-Chamberlain
army Reorganization. they we're sim
ply drafted as the Federal Reserve"
Bitter protests from dependents
hooded the Capitol. Wives and moth
ers Of men snatched suddenly from
their livelihoods, appeared personally.
Two orders resulted. one releasing
men with dependents from serving.
and the other paying as high as $50 a
month 10 the families Of those who
chose 10 serve Two millions was
appropriated for this. II was declared
to be on the same principle as the aid
European belligerents extend to fam
lilies OF those in the trenches.
The session began with President
Wilson's message urging a greater
army and navy Fear Of foreign COM
phcations and an apparent public senr
timent gave preparedness measures
strong backing. But many Democrats
and Middle West Republicans. attack
ing the sentiment as "hysteria," con-
tinued the consistent foes of the Pres
ident's program.
Finally, a Swing around the circle
in the Middle West by the President
seemed to give the bills overwhelming
support.
The Hay-Chamberlain army act,
recognizing and charging both State
and national land forces, was signed
by President Wilson. June Bird. The
peace strength Of the regulars was set
at 175O0O enlisted men, and 1000
officers. war strength. 3S7 900. States
we're authorized to raise $4,000
guardsmen. a large part OF the
expenses Of which the Federal Gov
eminent promised to bear.
The back OF the 'pacifsm" having
been broken, the naval program 90
four dreadnoughts and four battle
cruisers-was adopted. In three
years. experts declared. this program
would give the United States a fleet
superior to any other. except Great
Britain's The largest. fastest SUBJ
marines in the world we're authorized.
On the new dreadnoughts, monster
16-inch guns. the most powerful naval
cannon IN use. will be mounted.
Appropriation for Defense.
Though L. S. coast defenses were
reported by all experts as the best in
the world. the appropriation was
quadrupled- from s6.00O.000 TO s25,
100000 Guns larger than Germany's
famed 40 centimeter Black Berthas
will be mounted at New York and
Cape Henry, the latter Of which
guards Washington and Baltimore.
For three-fourths OF a million dol
lars. Congress contracted with John
Hays Hammond, Jr. for his invention.
by which, it is claimed. the course Of
a torpedo cen be controlled by radio.
Drawing lessons from the European
CONTINUED on Page Fifteen)
Evening journal., 1916-09-08
SOCIAL AND PERSONAL news

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas B. Donohoe
of No. 1886 Lowering avenue are enter
tanning Miss Winnie CottinJham OF
Baltimore. They expect to leave on
Monday for Atlantic City for two
weeks.
The Misses Lillian NJ. Carroll and
Pearl Wilson have returned from an
extended visit to Atlantic City and
Ocean City.
Judge william S. Prickett and fam
ily. who have been enjoying several
weeks stay at the seashore. have re-
turned home.
Mrs. ]. w. Goodman, Of Dover. spent
Thursday in Wilmington en- route to
Atlantic City
Mr.. and Mrs. Herbert L. Blackburn,
OF No. $40 Spruce street. are spending
their vacation at Niagara Falls, Bur
falo and Toronto.
James Cohee has returned home
and has as his guests Ambrose and
William Killen. of FELTON,, Del.
Misses Charlotte T. Cohee and Elsie
Scully have returned home after an
extended visit through the lower part
OF the State.
Miss Ann Poinsett, Of Merchantville,
y. j., who has been spending several
days with her sister, Mrs Rebecca
Hendrickson, Of this city. has returned
home.
Mrs John Reed, Of No. 1000 Boule.
ward, and Mrs. James f. Dickinson. Of
No. 7O5 West Twenty sixth street. left
today for two weeks stay at Atlantic
City.
Frank Wilmsn, of Georgetown, has
been visiting friends In Wilmington
Evening journal., 1916-09-08
lcontinued From First Page(

Continued From First Page)
shild labor. rural credits, u. S. mer-
chant marine, workmens compepnsa-
ton. was the cry Of industrial pre-
paredness."
Though the Democratic party never
lost its hold on legislation. and
.hough President Wilson at all times
was admitted pilot. not single meas
ire passed both Houses on strictly
party lines.
The most sensational episode Of the
session was the fight over the Gore
and McLemore resolutions. warning
Americans off armed merchant ships
after German had given notice it in
tended torpedoing them. Avowedly
slaps at the Presidents foreign policy,
they brought the Chief Executive and
Congress into sharp conflict.
Leaders of Congress called on the
President and warned HIM n the
resolutions came to a vote, they would
be approved, two to ope. The Pres
idents answer was summary de-
mand that they be tabled. Three or
four days passed while the fight was
organized from the White House. Then
his Congressional lieutenants struck.
and the resolutions were overwhelm-
ed. After that. Congress-except for
one hating exception-accepted the
Presidents leadership in foreign ar
fairs without question.
A short conflict doomed when the
President personally visited the Capi-
toll. and told Congress he had sent
Germany a virtual ultimatum over
me Sussex incident.
Suddenly hundreds Of thousands Of
kilograms. in five or six identical
forms. poured in from every section
Of the country. There were hundreds
~ bushels of them. Astounded. Con-
gress wavered in its attitude.
In a smashing speech. Senator
Husting exposed the demonstration as
backed and financed by a German
American organization. officials Of
the latter acknowledged It. and the af-
fair became a cloal5-room Jest.
Mexican Situation Disturbs.
From the time the session opened,
the pot Of Mexican affairs never ceas-
ed boiling Half dozen Republicans
led by Fall and Borah in the Sen
ate-were insistent interventionalits.
AS the bandit raids into American
territory developed, border Demo-
Gratis became restless.
"Watchful waiting was ieered as a
policy productive only of bandit con-
Tempt and continued outrages. Each
outbreak furnished new ammunition
for interventionist oratory. At length
guardsmen and troops were sent to
the border. The movement was sup
ported by both parties. although Re-
publicans charged It was a political
rather than a military step. Senator
Lafollette pushed through a resolu-
ton pledging the country against in
tervention. Alone of Republicans. he
praised President Wilson's policy.
With the calling of the State troops.
new principle in American military
Evening journal., 1916-09-08
FISHING FINE At REHODOTH
FOR THE LATE SOJOURNERS

Late soiourners to Rehoboth Beach.
Delaware's seaside resort, are being
favored with splendid fishing. Many
fishing enthusiasts are being attract
ed by 'he excellent surf fishing. The
ish are running plentifully Just be-
yond the breaker line. Crabs are Just
as plentiful along the breaker line.
The steamers OF the fsh oil fac
tories az I,ewes are having a good
season Just now. and "porgies" are be-
ing taken to the factories in great
quantities
William H. Vance. an enthusiastic
fisherman OF this city. and his son,
Holton Vance, have returned from the
Evening journal., 1916-09-08
WORTH 49,,
.EIIlIlz:s.ik

THE UNION CENTRAL LIFE
earns money with your money to help
carry your insurance
During the past ten years they
earned s1e.S45.556.S3 more than was
required TO maintain the Legal Re.
serve.
The net rate earned was cpproxi-
mately 10 higher than the average
gross rate earned on the aggregate
investments OF all the leading com
panles.
SS,O00O00 OF the above gains are
the result OF this extra 1eo.
The Union Central paid back to the
policy holders in the same ten years
s25. POS. 1870 10 help reduce their
cost OF insurance.
Evening journal., 1916-09-08

Frank Wilmsn, of Georgetown, has
cen visiting friends in Wilmington
Evening journal., 1916-09-08
SIGMA An SOcIAL.

Members OF the Wilmington Alumni
Chapter of the Sigma Nu met last
evening al the Hofbrau. Following
the meeting supper was served
Among those present were Daniel
Coogan, u. Of p, A. b. Dickinson,
Stevens Institute. w. r. Edgar. b.
II. Jones. Paul Kepple. Horace Dea-
kyne. and Samuel n. Tammany. all
OF Delaware College.
Evening journal., 1916-09-08

While here Mr.. Wilman saw THE
EVENING JOURNAL press in opera
ton.
-
H. w Mayer OF the frm OF A. and
L. Jenny and other persons connect
ed with that house. have returned
from New York after viewing the
millinery shows. with a full line Of
beautiful fall millinery.
Evening journal., 1916-09-08
ENTERTAIN AT EVENINc COMPANY

Mr.. and Mrs. John Reed. Of No. 1000
Boulevard, entertained some Of their
friends at delightful evening company
last night A musical program was
given, and there were other pleasing
features.
Evening journal., 1916-09-08

beach after enjoying the hne fishing
there Thomas r. Ingram. OF Lewes,
was a visitor here last night. and he
told OF the big catches OF porgies by
the fishing steamers.
Evening journal., 1916-09-08
s9c-TRIOLA sWEETsqoc

Each box contains pineapple. straw
berries and raisins in cream, all COW
cred with thick chocolate. Special. 29c
the pound.
Every Day Assorted Chocolates,
special, 29c the pound Danforths De-
pendable Drugs. Market and Second
streets.-Adv.
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1916-07-01
vincible. Let US hope that such it may
YELLOWER THAN YELLOW.

1t gives an excruciating pain to the
average country publisher to see the
false and misleading statements that
are sent out regarding national and
military affairs by some of the yellow
daily papers of the country.
They are so false and misleading
that the devil himself would blush
from shame if he were compelled to
assume their authorship. And yet
this aggregation of conglomerated
bunk is swallowed by the public with
out a murmur of protest.
If The Pleasantville Press, or any
other self respecting country newspa-
per, were to disseminate such false
hoods, perversions and absurdities the
editor would soon be invited to move
on, for the public, we have learned,
looks for t%ruthfulness in the country
press.
Just why this double standard is
countenanced and encouraged is more
than we can say. But it is so.
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1916-07-01
SHERIFF'S SALE.

By virtue of a writ of ieri facias, to me di-
rected, issued out of the New Jersey Court of
Chancery, will be sold at public vendue, on
WEDNESDAY, THE TWENTY-SIXTH "A
OF JULY, NINETEEN HUNDRED
AMI SIXTEEN,
at two o'clock in the afternoon of said day,
in the Court Room, No. 201, Second Floor,
Guarantee Trust Building, in the City OF At
lantic City, County of Atlantic and State of
New Jersey.
All that certain tract or parcel of land and
premises, hereinafter particularly described,
situate in the Township of Egg Harbor, in
the County of Atlantic, and State of New
Jersey.
Being all those certain lots or parcels of
Harbor Township, Atlantic County, and State
of New Jersey, known and designated as lots
Nos. 25, 26, 27 and %, block No. 108, sec
ton d, on the map of P1easantville Terrace
as filed in the Clerks Office of Atlantic Coun-
ty, at Mays Landing, New Jersey, and boun-
ded and described as follows
Beginning at a point in the Northeast cor
ner of East Atlantic and Third Avenues with
a front or width of one hundred feet on
Being the same lots that were conveyed to
the said Elizabeth McClenagan by the Allan
tic City Estate Co. by indenture dated the
Oath day of August, 1906, and recorded in
the Clerks Office of Atlantic County in book
No. 343 of deeds, page 400, &c,
Seized as the property of Elizabeth Nc
Clenagan ct al. and taken in execution at
the suit of Victor j. Humbrecht and to be
sold by
JOSEPH R. BARTLETT,
Sheriff.
Dated July l, 1916.
CHARLES A. CoGAN, Solicitor.
Prs fee, 1864