davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Norwich bulletin., 1916-09-19
Infants Burial,

The funeral of George Lawrence. the 22-months- -old-son of MT. and Mrs, Nelson Lawrence of 79 Ives street. was held Monday morning at II o'clock from the home of his parents. Bur- ial was in St. Joseph's cemetery.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-09-19
Trouhla With Liuhts.

Late Monday night the lights about the city went out and on for some time. The cause Of the trouble Is not known, but it is thought that the storm affected the power plant in some way.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-09-19

stating that she had been named in the will. but to what extent was un- known.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-09-19
Step in This Week and Let Us Talk Floor Covering With 

In a great many households one of the subjects that will come up this Fall is that of New Floor Coverings, and the selection is not one of the every day occurrences-it is some thing worthy of more than usual con- sileration.
 .. You. no doubt, will have to live with that rug for long time to come, and it is to your satisfaction to make selection which will not only be satisfactory today, but tomorrow and next ye2sr.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-09-19
PLAINFIELD

Bishop Milan Confirms Class of s1- Administers Temperance Pledge - Football Game With Goodyear Team Tie-Jewett City Defeated in Sum day Ball Game 8 to 4.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-09-19

Mathewson and Byron Haskell spent Sunday out of town.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-09-19
Modern GulIiVerS

Some stand out from the crowd Guiver lowered over the Liputians By superior energy activity and serve strength they predominate.
 Feeling right within is of the fundamentals of phys cal and mental strength and is largely the result of proper nOuriShment
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-30

ton of enlisted men in flying and the training of suitable enlisted men for aviation mechanicians. The course in this department is thorough from be- ginning to end as the student has both a theoretical and practical course in the art of flying. in construction, op- eration and repair of aeroplanes and aeronautical motors, in meteorology and in the navigation of the air. The aircraft and the care of aeroplanes and motors. The aviation mechani- clans are instructed in the repairing of aeroplanes and motors and given a thorough shop course.s The personnel of the training department consists of the officers assigned as instructors, two expert civilian instructors in flying and ,an expert civilian instructor on motors.
 The experimental and repair de- partment is charged with the work of conducting experiments pertaining to machines, motors and appurtenances, the study of new types and the repair and reconstruction of aeroplanes and motors. In the machine shop the &C., tual work of repairing and overhaul ing goes on. The making of spare parts and fittings for the machines is also a part of the work there. Con siderable time has been devoted to the tests of lubricating oils. testing and balancing propellers, and in special work in connection with the trying out
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-30

valuable. The difficulties and delays of hills, woods and rivers melt away before the onward course of the aero plane.
 Photography from aircraft by the aid of telephoto lens and automatic shutter will give the airmen perfect surveys of the enemy's camp, also show where guns are concealed and the movements of troops. Indeed, the aircraft sees and indicates the larger operations of war and points out by signals to the army to which it is ac- credited the vulnerable points in the enemy's lines. All these things have been studied at our aviation school and our military aviators are just as able to carry out their part in using this new weapon of warfare as any of the European airmen-if they are given machines.
 What the Service Needs.
 The organization of the aviation unit in the foreign armies suggests a squad ron of twelve machines as the basis of our organization. eight of these machines to be of the reconnaissance type and two each of the pursuit and combat types. According to dhe re- port of the Chief Signal Officer in case our army remains at its present authorized strength the personnel of the aviation section should be in- creased by forty-six officers and four
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-30

did not mingle with her subjects as she does. today, but sat on her throne amid the flowers and watched her sub- jects as they danced over the green grass or through the village streets Her place was in an arbor near the Maypole.
 Curious Dances.
 London had and still has various forms of May Day festivities, one be- ing the fete of the Chimney Sweeps Usually three of these men appear on the streets in fantastic garb, two dressed as females, generally glittering with spangles, while the third, a man concealed in a frame of herbs and flowers and known as Jack-in-the- green, walks between them. From time to time they stop and dance, ex- pecting the onlookers to give them a penny or two.
 At very remote period there was what is known as the Milkmaids' May Day dance. In the rural districts of England they dressed themselves in bright colored gowns and wreathed their hair in flowers. Then, taking one of the cows, they placed a floral collar on her neck, and led her
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-30
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hundred and sixty-two men to give sufficient personnel to supply five aero squadrons, one for each of the yf1ve tactical divisions at present organized in the army and to maintain the avi-l ation school. It is to be pointed out there is need for at least one squadron, for reconnaissance work in each Of the three coast artillery districts in this country and. that sufficient mum Der of aeroplaness should be provided for fire direction and control for the
 field artillery on the basis of one aero plane per battery, with one in reserve. or. ill round numbers, six aero squad rons for this arm of the service. Should the plans for the reorganiza- tion of the army by the War Depart ment be approved by Congress the to- tai strength of the aviation section would be three hundred and sixty eight officers and twenty three hun dred and ninety y-nineI men.
 Colonel Samuel Reber is the Rteaerlt head of the army aviation service- Lieut.. Col. George 0. Sqltier is in charge of the aviation school with Captain Arthur s. Cowan as assistant. While none of these oficers are talk. ing upon the subject of the work of the aviators in Mexico it is generally understood that the graduates of the San Diego school are having q busy time somewhere in Mexico.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-30
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through the village, stopping at times to dance about the animal. Finally man appeared with curious burden set upon his head-a huge waiter with a bowl of flowers at the top, around which hung silver fiagons The milk maids then deserted their COW and danced about the man until he fled.
 The May Day dancing is perhaps the most interesting part of the celebra- tions During the fifteenth and six teenth centuries the famous Robin Hood dances were the order of the day--a custom still carried out at Bampton- on- the-Bush in England, where every year men do what is known as the Morris dances. This ceremony is older than Christianity and was danced by the Sun and Ma ture worshipers ages ago. In the Elizabethan era it was part of the peasants May Day revel, and Is given today in exactly the same manner as it was three hundred years ago In some of the rural districts the May pole is set up for the day only, being drawn to the spot by oxen whose necls are wreathed in flowers. After it has been erected the dance begins the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-30

village was crowned Queen for the day This was followed by the May dance in which young and old par ticipated. The shops were closed and all England took holiday. Toward the evening the members of the Court appeared and the scene became one of great beauty as the dance went on under the glare of hundreds of torches. Chaucer describes the May dance in his Court of Love-" and writes
 Forth goeth all the court, both most
 and least,
 To fetch the flowers fresh"
 But England had it's straight-laced rulers who dislil1ed anything which brought joy to the people, and in 1644 Maypoles were forbidden to be erect ed and from that time until the res- toration of Charles IT. in 1861. Eng lands celebrations consisted in merely gathering a few flowers. However, In 1861, huge Maypole was erected in the Strand in London. It was of cedar and was raised by twelve seamen, commanded by the Duke of York who was then Lord High Admiral of Eng land. The pole was more than one hundred and twenty-five feet in height. It stood there until 1717, when it was purchased by Sir Isaac Newton, who had it removed to Wan stead, in Essex, to use as a support for the great telescope which had been presented to the Royal Society. The Maypole on the Strand was the sub ject of many, poems-even the immor- tai Pope alludes to it.
 Where the tall Maypole once OCT
 looked the Strand"
 Maypoles.
 The origin of the Maypole is rather vague. In some places it seems to have been a sort of religious exercise,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-30
<H@n2E<HEzal0xov Lv xZlS7< ~N Ne 5S1o1/a7Ha~M< <5zzx7a The Work of the Aviation Section At Its School On North Island In San Diego Bay How the Aviators Are Demonstrating the Great
 Value of Aircraft In War.
Copyright 1916, by The International Syndicate

which every man makes his first trip in the air
 Record Flights.
 During the last year some remark able flying records have been made Lieutenant Dodd made a flight to Los Angeles and back without mishap, carrying mechanician as passen- ger Captain H. Leroy Muller, estab- lished new American altitude rec ord for pilot flying alone by reaching an altitude of IF, 7,441 feet in a flight of two hours and twenty-seven minutes. Lieutenant J E. Carberry established new American record for altitude flight with pilot and passenger by go- ing in the air to an altitude of 11,691 feet. The time required in making the flight was one hour and thirteen min utes. He carried Lieutenant Arthur R.. Christie as a passenger. The American endurance record was made at the aviation school by Lieutenant E. Q. Jones, his time in the air being eight hours and fifty-three minutes. This officer is also the holder of the endurance record in carrying passen- gers, having remained in the air for seven hours and five minutes His passengers were Corporal Hauser and Corporal Hale. During the year 3.45s flights were made at the school, the total number of hours in the air be- ing about 1.270; 1,730 passengers were carried in experimental flights. The majority of the passengers were army officers. officials and mechanicians.
 What the Men Are Taught.
 The school is divided into two main departm ents-the training department and the experimental and repair de- partment. The former is devoted to the training of student officers for junior military aviators. the instruc-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-30

as it was set up in front of churches, often overlapping the steeple in height, and remained there through out the year. It seems that the May pole was common during the latter part of the seventeenth century both in England and Holland. In the lat ter country it was usually surmounted by pot of growing flowers. Just be- low this were several hoops hung with gilded pendants. The older French Maypoles were almost an exact copy of those set up by the Dutch, except they were painted white and blue.
 One of the most famous Maypoles stood in front of a little hotel in Lon- don until 1852, when the building was demolished. It was a pole about forty, feet in height and was said to have been the staff of Gerard the Giant" A few Maypoles still stand in various parts of England. The best known of these supports a weathercock in the churchyard at Pendleton. On May Day the ancient relic is garlanded with flowers and the girls dance about 1t, carrying out the idea of the fetes of long ago.
 At the village of St. Eaydien. near Salzburg, in Austria, there is rather curious Maypole that has stood for many years. Late on the night of April thirtieth the peasants tie a bush to the top and encircle the pole with garlands. May dolls dressed in linen and cloth are then tied or nailed to the pole, showing them in the act of climbing. Sometimes figures of birds and animals are fastened near the top, which gives one the idea that the dolls are climbing after these fig- ures A dance is held about the pole in the evening.
 May Queens
 The May Queen of the olden days
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-30

chase the Wright biplane. The Lieu tenant also made a number of other cross country flights and flew for two hours or more with Mir. Wright on several occasions at Fort Myer. He has been at the aviation school ever since it's opening, where his services have proved invaluable in the instruc- tion of fiers. He is at present with his fliers assisting General Pershing
 Motors a Problem.
 One of the most serious problems confronting the men at the aviation school is the development of a reliable motor. Up to the present, according to the latest Signal Corps report, the American built motors have not proved entirely satisfactory for air service, nor do they equal in construc- tion and performance in the air those of foreign manufacture. It is proposed to develop a satisfactory type by a among the American mo- tor manufacturers
 The great value of the aeroplane and an adequate aviation service are shown in the present European war which has developed three separate types of aeroplanes-the reconnais- sance and Are control machines, the combat machine and the pursuit ma- chine, all of which would be extremely useful to the United States at present
 The principal uses of the .nying ma chine in war are: 1. Reconnaissance. 2. Directing and correcting artillery fire. 3. Offensive operations. 4 Rapid dispatch carrying to distance 5. Photography. 6. Locating sub marines, mines etc.
 Every schoolboy understands how valuable such information. is in time of war, for it is practically impossible to hide war operations from the eye of the air craft. Then, too, the throw ing of bombs from these machines fre- quently does far more damage in the camp of the enemy than the firing of guns. Al a dispatch bearer 1t is in-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-30
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girls interlacing the Maypole with rib bons of various colors. The young men, who wear fantastic costumes, dance quadrilles with the girls, form ing many beautiful figures metimes the play of Robin Hood and his merry men Is enacted in the forest. In Scot Hand the games in arching as played by the picturesque robber band are quite common in May Day ce1ebra- tions.
 France and Sweden.
 May Day in France is still celebrated with more or less ceremony. The French people love the springtime and going a'Maying is one of their favor ite sports. The May Queen is usually crowned near some church, where she sits enthroned in flowers while the festival is in progress. To these peo- pie the month of May is the month of flowers and is consecrated to the Virgin. During the festivities girls go about with tiny contribution boxes begging for money flor the May" These offerings are used to beautify the altars and statues of the Virgin on May Day following year.
 In Sweden May Day is still cele- brated in manner derived from the heather. On the previous evening huge bonfires are built in every ham, let and around these the young people dance On May Day there is sham battle between two parties, one repre- senting Winter and the Summer. Win ter always gets the worst of the battle and a figure made to represent that season is buried and ashes strewn over the grave. fE
 May Day In America.
 Our May Day festivities consist in folk dances by the school children. These dances, many of which are the very perfection of the poetry of mo- ton, are given on a large scale by the school children of New York City, being held in Central Park. There dozens of Maypoles are set up and the children dance and play through out the entire day.
 Ancients and moderns alike love May Day and their thoughts have all ways turned to the flowers and trees at this particular time when Nature is at her best.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-30
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Britain 1t is the Roman pagan feast which has left it's firmest traces upon the May Day celebrations In the An gloSaxon sections for the occasion is rather feast of flowers than of sacri- fees and in honor of Flora rather than of Baal.
 Roman organism and Roman Chris tianity have been strangely mixed in some of the earlier celebrations of the day, for what were known as May dolls, once very common throughout England are still paraded on May Day in Devonshire and in some parts of Wales. This doll is a survival of the images of Flora used at the Roman Floralia, but after the introduction of the Christian religion it took the form of the Virgin and her Son as ire quently the dolls are shown with smaller figure in their arms. Some times the dolls are carried about in small chairs. In Brightwalton, Berk-
 England's May Day.
 England for centuries has been the home of the real May Day fetes, al- though both Germany and France h]NO SCiCOlo olSo lIlc ody LOL SGN GI dl hundred years. The May fetes reached their height during the reign of the pleasure loving Henry VIII, who with his Queen, Catherine of Aragon, came from his palace at Greenwich to meet his Court in May Day hunt for flow CTS. It was customary for the middle and poorer classes to go forth at an early hour on the morning of May Day and gather flowers and hawthorn branches and bring them in at sunrise, blowing horns and singing as they came toward their homes. They dec orated the windows and doors of their dwellings with the garlands call ing the ceremony "the bringing home of May" The fairest maid of the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-30

or new stabilizer. signalling from aeroplanes by means of Very pistols and smoke bombs, the use of radio telegraphy from aeroplanes with a certain kind of parachute, the drop ping of bombs, with types of aero planes and in the location of subrna- : rines and mines. The instructors in this department are civilians and are made up of an aeronautical engineer, an aeronautical mechanical engineer and five civilian aviation mechani- clans.
 Among the special work done at this shop during the year was the build ing of a number of trucks-one a completely equipped portable machine shop with electric power for driving tools. The others are carriers for gasolene, spare parts to machines, crews and other equipment.
 Aero station.
 Stations for aeroplanes have been established at Corregidor in the Phil ippines. Fort Kamehameha, Hawaii, and on the Canal Zone. A station was also set up at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, and later moved to Fort Sam Houston, near San Antonio, Texas. It was from this station that the aviators now in Mexico were taken, only eight air craft being available. These machines are commanded by Captain Benjamin D. Foulois. who is the dean of the avi- ation corps and who is regarded as 'the best fiier in the army" This off, cer was the second army ofT1cer tn Hv in heavier than air flying machine, and has been student in aeronautics since 1909, when he made his first flight at Fort Myer, Virginia, with Or vile Wright. Foulois, then a licuten- ant. was selected because of his weight to be Mir Wright's passenger on the flight of seven miles from Fort Myer to Alexandria. This trip was neces- sary to comply with the Government requirements in the contract to pur-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-30
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The Origin and Ob- servance of the Day Upon Which Nature Offers Her Greatest Beauties To Man.
Copyright, 1916, by The International
 Syndicate.

Syndicate.
 n NE has but to study the customs
 of the ancient Druids and pagan
 Romans to find the origin and V foundation of the celebration of many of our feast days, and while the celebrations may be somewhat diff ferent at the present time, they still retain many of the customs and su- perstitions as practiced in the days of old
 May Day in the Church calendar is the combined day of St. Philip the Apostle and St. James the Less yet the doing honor to these saints has very little to do with our May Day festivities. May first Is a time when all nature is joyful as she spreads out her green fields and flower dotted woodlands to mans gaze and a sort of mad happiness goes abroad over the earth when man finds that Nature, long dead, smiles again, and a certain gratitude springs up in his heart for blessings which have been showered upon him.
 Origin of Customs.
 Among the Romans the joyous feel ihS ol tAC ddy AOuho oi1 Oubl0C III llAC Floralia or Floral Games which began on April 2Sth and lasted several days. Nations taking more or less of their origin from Rome have settled upon May first as the special time for fetes. The Druids celebrated the Feast of Baal on May first by lighting immense fires in his honor upon the various cairns-a custom which still survives among the Irish and Scotch High flanders, both of whom sprang from Celtic stock.
 In Egypt and India the May Day festival was held to celebrate the re- newed fertility of the ground. AL though the relics of Druidism sur vive in the Celtic portions of Great
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-30

>HE Act of Congress approved
 July IS, 1914, created an "Avia-
 ton Section" in the Signal Corps ~ of the United States Army. thus placing it in the department of the ''eyee and ears" of the army. Prior to the passage of this Act there was no definite provision of law covering the duties of the Signal Corps with re- spect to aviation except that which was contained in the Act approved March End, 1913, that allowed detail of not to exceed thirty officers of the line of the army on aviation duty and gave extra pay to the officers engaged in flying.
 This lack of interest in the aircraft was perhaps due to the fact that the real value of the aeroplane in time of war was unknown; in fact. it was thought of in the early days of it's invention as mere vehicle of pleas ure for the lover of dare devil sport Gradually, however, the army avia- tors demonstrated it's great advan- tages in the collection and transmits sion of military Intelligence and in I he field of reconnaissance, and short ly before the beginning of the present European war Congress woke up to |l he fact of the importan of the aero- plano from q military standpoint.
 Location Of school.
 An aviation school was established t North Island in San Diego Bay
 Id instruction in aviation began in rnest Just now there is very lit going on there on account of the .tors having been sent to the bor- e,. for actual business in the catching IN iilla However. a number of avi- 4\k students are still at work try >& fut on the school machines in
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-04-30

~HE Act of Congress approved
 July IS, 1914, created an "Avia-
 ton Section" in the Signal Corps of tha Tinted Statas Army th11e