davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1916-02-11
MIR. Speaker
and Members of the House,
Here are some facts:

The Chairman of the House of Representatives Post
Office Committee made the assertion the floor of the
House that the railroads have produced single fact
justify their opposition the Moon railway mail pay bill
the space plan of pay.
Here facts that the railroads have produced
not once, but many times
The Moon bill proposes plan
the mails and parcel This THE e
rHfo0ds rs TO stand U SOhiS tile carried in tile mail
be increased e 1t interpreted the Chairman
House Post Office Committee at the recent hearing
Under the Moon bill the railroads could be forced
freight for little ~ mile
e whereas the Interstate Commerce Commission allows
to charge from to cents mile for merchandise freight in
freight +.
The Moon bill would empower General to make
the rates and dictate nearly the for the mails would
compel submission to his DEGREES by Cony fines of $4,000
for each refusal That shipper should have make
force rates is contrary to the principles of justice
The space plan of proposed by the bill ignores
recognized principles OF makng 1t would deny the railroads
mnt for service rendered which the weight mail carried the
distance hauled dSregad the that freight
the world fixed the that the
Post Office Department. ITSELF charges parcel
----.
Mr. Speaker and Members of the House. this Is a
complicated subject .~
Why not turn it over to the branch of the Gov
ernment best fitted to deal with it fairly and wisely
the Interstate Commerce Commission?
This Advertisement by the Railway Pay
Representing the Railroads of
RALPH t4 PETERS S % @aL"A" Wv W W. ATTERBUEY G. F. DAILY
A sasa ~aSksssaAM PEARSON w. a. %oRTn.ScdoN
s aaa~n.
The Washington times., 1916-02-11
Capitals Reserve Army
Plans to Incorporate

WRsh.9gtons reserve army" made
un oi former high school cadets, II
Planning three things:
The organization will incorporate
II VIII TRY to get permission to drill
In high schools.
II will try to enlist every former high
school cadet in its ranks.
nc organization wishes 10 use the
srrorles. the drill halls, the guns. ana
other equipment Of the cadets. To DO
this, permission OF the Board or Edu-
cation wifi be asked.
The Washington times., 1916-02-11
JOHN POOLE SPEAKS
BEFORE CREDIT MEN
Declares Frank Statement of
Borrowers Financial Condition
Gets Greatest Consideration.

John Poole president Of the Federal
Nsticnal Bank. In an address last night
before the credit mems section of the
Retail Merchants Association, explained
the provisions OF the Federal reserve
act which most directlv affect mer-
chants. and defined credit generally.
Credit Is the ability to buv with n
promise TO paw" said the speaker. Its
be ckbone is faith as to character. ca
pacity and capital. ] am sure that
you have found that honesty ana in
The Washington times., 1916-02-11

can Club indorssd the candidacy Of
frank ,. Hogan and Edward w. VIII
liston for delegates. and Junus Peyscr
and oeorge w. Robinson for alter
mates. A committee wgs appointed
at 4 meeting held last night At 1918
e street northeast TO arrange FOR a
notification meeting
The Washington times., 1916-02-11

tegrity are safer grounds TO base a
credit on than substantial connections ''
Mr.. Poole predicted that In the near
future every applicant to a banking in
stitution for a loan viii be REQUIRED To
file with his application a financial
statement showing generally the state
OF his credit. Both bankers and mer-
that a frank letter relating the true
finsncial condition OF the borrower
commands the greatest degree OF con-
sideration.
The Washington times., 1916-02-11

You are the maker OF vour own
complexion. II II In unsight'y your
blood makes IL so. II is your duty TO
clean your blood. and we say 10 you
the best way to do this is TO use Stu
arts Calcium Waters.
Stuart's Calcium Waters are sold by
box. --AdVt
The Washington times., 1916-02-11
How Would She
Look With Pimples
You Can Clear Your Complexion Al
most Before You Realize II by
, Using Stuart's Calcium
Waters.

The skin As a sort of dumplng,
ground for matter and Impurities
thrown out by the blood.
Clean the blood and stop thr !mpIri-
ties from forming and you at once clear
the skin and make It as II should be.
The Washington times., 1916-02-11
TODAY'S BEST FILMS
By GARDNER MACK.

Lillian Walker in "Greeh Stockings"
adapted from tine stage success OF
Margaret Anglln. CVitagraph).
Crandall's. Ninth and + streets.
orrin Johnson In The Penitent,"
produced by Tom Ince (Triangle),
the Strand, Ninth and ID streets.
John Barrymore in Nearly a King"
by William ii. Clifford (Famous
Players). Loew's Columbia. Twelfth
and + streets. r
Valeska Suratt In THE Immigrant"
Q4asky), the Leader. Ninth, be-
tween E and + streets.
Marguerite Fischer in "The Dragon"
, (Equitablel. the Garden. 423 Ninth
street.
Harold Lockwood and May Allison
in "The Other Side of the Door
lMutuaD. the Home Theater,
Julia Dean in Judge Not" the AL
hambra, $40 Seventh street.
Charles Ricnman I'm 1.-THE Heights of
Hazard" adapted from the story
by Cyrus Townsend Brady Vita
graph, Crandalrs Apollo, 62I IL
street northeast.
William Farnum and Kathlyn VIII
liams In THE Spoilers" adapted
from the story by Rex Beach (Se-
ng), the Casino, + near Seventh
street.
Flivvers in "Thc Smoke Eaters"
NNestor), tho Hippodrome, Ninth
street and Now York avenue.
Note-These selections are made
from programs prepared by the
managers of the theaters concerned.
and no responsibility Is assumed for
arbitrary changes without notice to
The Times. They are based on the
personality of the players and the
producing company, and not per-
l.
cases. G. M,
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1916-06-22

tending service IN body at the Bap~.
list church, where Rev w. p. Swat
field will preach the sermon. All
members OF the orders, whether or
not identified with the local lodges
have been invited to join with the To-
cal people ii attending the services
To Issue Second Series Of Shares.
The DanieIson Building and Loan
association voted to issue another Sc
ries or shares. the second, as OF July
/. Secretary Clifford II. Starkweath-
er said Wednesday that he has al
ready received applications for more
than go shares, some Of these apple
cations coming from people IN sur
rounding villages.
AT the present time there is more
than $4,000 IN the associations treas
ury. 1t has been somewhat dff1icult
to make the purposes and advantages
Of the association understood in some
quarters, but this is being overcome
and the indications are that the very
near future viii see more applicants
for money with which 10 build their
own homes than can be aceommo-
dated. This has been the rule every~
where In Connecticut, and there is no
reason to doubt that this town viii
be an exception.
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1916-06-22

prac1icad IA 4 number Of Connecticut
towns, including some IN Windham
county. Lest year the republicans of
Putnam elected Mrs Nv r. Beard q
member Of the committee in that town
Hay Crop Ready for Curing.
One Of the finest hay crops in years
Is about ready to be harvested II
the Weather Man win only be rea-
sonable in his performances during
the next three weeks and will turn
On some heat and keep away the
rain. there should Be- an abundance
Of hay. Grass fields are laden with
the heaviest covering that has been
seen 1or a long time. The continued
wet weather has caused some DAMAGE
TO standing grass IN some localities,
but this loss win be as nothing ia
comparison with the great yield &c II
can be cured and stored properly. "A
few farmers hereabouts who have hay
70 sell are asking as high as $50 a
ton for II. hut q much lower price
seems probable for hay during the
coming fan and winter.
Town Safes to Be Sold.
It is expected that the town OF Kill
ltngly will receive from 500 to $500
from the sale Of safes that are now
used for keeping records, but which
viii be displaced and made ready fo1
disposal as soon as the vaults au-
thorized constructed at the special
town meeting on Monday are ready
for use. There will be two of these
vaults constructed according to this
most approval methods as to fire.
preodng and dryness. The outer walls
of these vaults, to be built in the town
hall, are to be Of brick, "a inches iE
thickness, with an air space between
the outer wall and an inner wal
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1916-06-22
JEWETT CITY
School Visitors and seIectmen Make
Estimates of School Expenses
Sewer Contract Goes to Norwich
Man-Death Of Or. John o. Smith.

The annual meeting of the Joint
board of school visitors and selectmen
to provide for making estimates for
the schools Of the town was held on
Tuesday evening. The following ap-
preparations were made: District No.
|, Pachaug, 1923; No. 2, Woodward,
1928; No. 3, Hopeyille, $3.50; No. A.,
Tyler, 1928; No. 5, White, $32S; No.
6, Stone Hill, 1928; No. z. Boardman,
1928; No. 8, Glasgo. $3.50; No. O.,
Rixtown, are closed; II. Jewett city,
$9,500 an increase of $375; No. 13,
Brewster, 1928. Glasgo is also in
creased $50.
Riverside Graduation Tonight.
The graduating exercises of Ile
class of 1916 of the Riverside grammar
school viii be held in Firms opera
house this evening at 8 O'Clock.
At Newent Conference.
Those who attended the conference
OF churches at Newent Wednesday
Soule, Rev. and Mrs. Samuel Thatcher,
Deacon and Mrs J. c.. Hawkins, Rev.
and Mrs. Albert Donnell, Mrs. F. e.
Robinson, Mrs. @. w. Robinson, Mrs.
r. H. Howard. Miss Clarissa Geer,
Miss Alice Hurst, Mrs. G. w. Emerson,
con and Mrs. G. A. Haskell, Mrs.
George Lindeql, Mr.. and Mrs. John
WhaIley, Mrs. L. F. WhaIley. Mrs. G.
D. Wolf. Mr.. and Mrs Leonard Geer.
Miss Mildred Geer, Mrs. Samuel Geer,
Mrs. S. r. Water, Miss Bessie Nc
Cluggage, Mrs. Robinson, Fred Robin
son, Mrs. L. D. Howe, Mrs. Caleb
Bishop. Mrs. William Millar, Mrs.
Esther Fitch, Mrs. 7. B. Keen. Mrs.
I A. D. Chapman, Mrs C. E. Spicer.
Miss M. A Rurdick, George Burdick.
| Miss Vesta Kendall Mr. and Mrs. Al.
G.. Burdick, Mrs. Solomon Paouette.
Mrs. Elmer Tarbox, Miss S. K. Adams.
Per1e Whftford.
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1916-06-22

The class day exercises Of Putnam
High school were held in the assem-
bly, hall at the high school building
Wednesday afternoon, with a large
number of members relatives and
friends in attendance
The opening of the exercises was
marked by the entrance of the classes
Of the school, each class singing it's
song and giving its cheer. This cere-
mony was followed by an orchestral
selection. The address of welcome
was delivered by the class president,
Malcolm M. Wiley, who is also the
honor student of the class, having at
tanned the highest rating during his
four years Of study. The class his
tory was read by Samuel H. Walsh,
Jr. A selection by the glee club fol-
lowed and then the class prophecy
was given by the Misses Catherine
Russell, Gladys Gagne and Constance
l.. Russell.
ceded the presentation of class gifts
by Miss A. Della Davis. The class
viii was read by Messrs. Kenneth c.
Ballard and Henry C. Farley.
A glee club selection and the sing
ing of Aud Lang Syne by the school
preceded the giving of the ivy Grafton
| by Miss Doris Carver All of the
classes gathered at the main entrance
of the school for the ivy Grafton and
exercises, each senior putting on spade
of earth in place about the hole
The members of the class are: Ger
aldine Beard. Alice Maude Carpenter
Donald Cogswell johnson, Bertha
Maude Plessis, Constance Lucille
Russell. Samuel Hudson Walsh, Jr.
| Gladys Richmond Bard, Gertrude Mae
Brownie Doris Mabel Carver Heller
Elizabeth Devine, Ivageine Edytht
Fuller, Gladys Josephine Gagne, Lei ZEE
ciraca, Grace Elizabeth Kenary, Alice
i Maloney, Edna Marie Mann, George
i Stanley Shaw Lewis Allen Averill
Lawrence Edmund Backus Kenneth
Clark Ballard; Myron Gould Beard
Anna Idella Davis, Everett Sanford
Davis, Henry Chester Farley, Lucy
Mills. Farrows, Edward Clayton Fish.
er, Joseph David F1agg, Hazel Isabe
FOX. Anna Isabel Furlong, Frank Hen
| ~ Gleason, Charles Alexander Hough.
4 ton, Leodore Eugene Maynard, Car
Rougnet Nelson, Carrie Alpine Pratt
Bertha Carroll Richardson, Catherine
u Russell, George Tourtellotte Malcolm
Macdonald Wiley.
Reception and Banquet.
Wednesday evening another featur,
OF commencement week was the an.
nual reception and banquet of tn,
Putnam High school association, man,
graduates and former students gath
n ering at the high school building 70
the event
From { to o'clock an informal re
ception was held, followed by a ban
quet served in the gymnasium by tn
members of the, domestic science de
partment of the high school
William E. Dawson, president of tn
association, presided as POSTMASTER
The speaker of the evening was Edi
tor Carl B. Johnson of Franklin, Mass
graduate of the school
Other speakers were Miss Ellen z
Osgood, East Hartford: Attorne,
Charles L. Torrey representing tn
Putnam school committee; Malcolm
NJ. Wiley, president of the gradual
ing class; DR.. Louis R. Brown. Mid
dletown, Conn, an aIumnus and Prin
cipal A. B. Handy of the school.
The graduation exercises are to b
held Thursday in the Bradley theatre
at p. m, the address to be give
by Hamilton Holt, editor Of the Ne7
York Independent
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1916-06-22
OFF FOR CAMP TO-DAY
Thirteenth Company Leaving for
Fishers Island At 9.42 This Morning

49,
Following the last drill wednesday
evening Of a series covering almost
every night recently, members Of the
Thirteenth company, G. Al. c. will as
semble at their armory at Z o'clock
this morning and make the final prep
arations for departure, at 9.42. for F.
G. Wright, Fishers Island, where they
win be in camp for ten days Going
away from here the men will wear
their field service uniforms.
The tense situation in Mexico the
past few days has aroused unusual
interest in the doings OF the Thir-
teenth company, and on drill nights
this week the spectators at the arm
DRY have been greatly in excess of the
usual number found there on drill
nights.
The local company goes away with
no more official prospect than for a
stay of ten days in camp. They are
not among the state troops ordered to
mobilize for the possible purpose of
service in Mexico. Some members
feel, however, that q clash of proper
tions between United States and Mex
lean troops may mean further orders
from Washington and chance for the
local company to go to the border
During the stay of the Thirteenth
company at Fort Wright many Dam
ielson people win improve an oppor-
tunity to visit them. It is expected
that the company will be assigned to
Battery Dutton. as has been the rule
for several years past.
Talk Of EIectina Miss PiIIing to School
Board.
The name of Miss Emma F. Pilling
is being mentioned in connection with
talked-of nominations for the town
school committee this fall. Miss Pill
| ing has had long experience as a
teacher in schools in Connecticut and
is remembered as one of the very best
teachers that ever taught in the
schools of KiIlingly She always has
had a great interest in educational
matters, and her recent report at the
state convention of Federated Wom-
ems clubs of Connecticut is being
mentioned as a splendid example Of
her insight into matters pertaining
| to education
The matter of electing Miss PiIlins
as a member of Kiilingly's schoo
COMMITTEES has bee ntall1ed of recently
among women of Danielson and the
suggestion has been very favorablS
received. The election of women al
members of town school committees il
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1916-06-22

In part, at Least-Mrs. Noka Lis Did
Not Want Spouse Sent to Jail
Neighbors' Quarrel Aired.

- - = + .
Three cases were heard by Judge
L. II. Fuller in the city court We'd
nesday morning For intoxication,
Fred Orwin was fined So.
Antonio Lis complained that her
husband, Woka Lis, had been intoxi
Gated Tuesday and that when he came
home he had beaten her. She said he
had been at work in the mill where
Putnam to visit him and that the two
went out and drank. The fine and
costs imposed in this case amounted
to $27.S9. Mrs. Lis was able to pay
$3.50 Of this and agreed to pay the
balance. She did not want her hus-
band to go to Jail on account Of the
fact that the couple have i've chill
Called Girl "a Cow"
Joseph Tetreault pleaded not guilty
to having committed breach of the
peace. Mrs. Georgiana Vandale
charged that Tetreault had put his
head out a window of his home while
she was hanging out clothes in her
back yard and had called her a gos-
sip and fool Tetreault and his
wife testified that the trouble between
the families had started after Mrs.
COW. After hearing all the story Judge
Fuller continued the case for 80 days
and If there is no more trouble it will
be dropped.
Brevities.
Hyde Smith is in Boston today on
a business trip.
II. E. Lillibridge has gone to Wa
terbury to engage in the undertaking
business
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1916-06-22
Closing Exercises at Town Street
School.

Because Principal William g.. Tar
box is obliged to leave this (Thurs-
day. morning for Fort Wright, the
Town Street schools closed for the
year Wednesday afternoon. The SEN
Tor room was prettiiy decorated with
daisies and ferns, and many visitors
were present. Rev., G. H Ewing pre-
scented the diplomas to the eight grad
yates and brief but interesting adj
dress was given by Supt. e. ]. Gra-
ham.
This program was carried out in a
most creditable manner: Song, Morn
ing Invitation, school; piano solo,
Narcissus, Olive Saxton; A Greyport
Legend, Mary Butler: song, Sing On,
school. The Three Bells, Maude L.
Filler; songs, Trip, Trip, and White
ButtercuDs, school; piano solo, Noun
tain Spring, Mary Butler; The Belle
Of Atri, Susie Matassa; song, Ding
Dong school: Travels by the Fireside,
Olive Saxton; song, Faartes Lullaby,
school
Honors were accorded Olive Saxton,
first: Agnes Iaskowski, second; John
Heath, third. Members of the grad
hating class are Olive NJ. tSaxton,
Mary 7. Butler, Maude L. Eiler Susie
b. Matassa, Agnes NJ. Laslrowski, JOSH
Heath, Julian Rangus, Theodore Ster-
~.
In the intermediate room there were
several recitations, songs were pleas
ingly rendered, and there were violin
solos by Ruth Sterry and Edward Gra-
ham.
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1916-06-22
ARGUMENTS IN NAyLoR
Will CONTEST CASE
Heard in Superior Court Wednesday
Decision Reserved.

Arguments in the Sarah Duncan
Naylor Will case were made before
Judge G. o. Thompson OF the probate
court for the district of Pon1fret and
his associate, Judge Sabin S. RlsselI
of the probate court for the district
Of Killingly. In the superior court
here Wednesday afternoon. Tn tFis
contested viii. the contestant being
Miss Molly Naylor, daughter of the
testatrix, who left the bulk Of her
estate to Seabury Doane Brewer If
New York and Pomfret The estate
amounts to about $IO0, 900. The will
Is attacked by counsel for the confess
tant en- the ground of mental incans : !.
fty on Mrs. MAYORS part at the time
Of its making, Sept 4, 1916. and Of
undue influence upon the part Of Mr..
Brewer. The court reserved decision.
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1916-06-22
NORWICH TOWN
Rain compeis Holding of Strawberry
Supper in Chapel Instead of on the
Lawn-scouts Have Outdoor Meet
Spelling Prize for Miss Hansen.

Al strawberry supper was served in
the chapel Wednesday evening from s
to $50 O'Clock by members of the
Christian Endeavor society. The pro-
ceeds will be used for a trip to Card
ner Lake. One could have strawberry
shortcake with whipped cream, cake
and ice cream or Strawberries and
cream, biscuit, cake and ice cream.
In charge were Mrs. John Browning,
Mrs. P. B. Whaley, Mrs. F. E. Sterry
and Miss Ruth L. Potter. Assisting
ais walters were Misses Esther Heath,
Elizabeth Luther, Helen CorrigeuH,
Gertrude Avery, Margaret Ewing and
Harry Carlson, Stanley Gay, John
Browning, Clifford Lathrop and FIlilip
Luther. It had been intended to have
the supper on the lawn, but the rain
interfered with the plans.
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1916-06-22
SEWER CONTRACT
Awarded Fred D. Miller, Norwich, at
$605.

Bids were opened for the construc-
ton of a sewer in Highland street by
the board Of borough government at
a special meeting this week; The con-
Norwich. his figure being $605. Fo-
garty Bros bid was $3.50, F. H. Gil
bert's bid was $3.50, c. Del Carlos bid
was $3.50. Approximate quantities re-
quired: 500 feet of s-inch pipe, 40
cubic yards rock excavation, 8 man-
holes.
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1916-06-22

0%uO0A M~~~N -
Miss Florence Danielson, member OF
the faculty of Brown university, viii
return to her home here Saturday.
Harry Nv. Clarke has SO far reccv-
cred from g. serious attack Of blood
poisoning as TO be able to give att
tentiOn to his business affairs.
Harry L. Peterson Of Hawkins street
has successfully passed his exaInina-
lions 70 practice law as a member OF
the bar Of Connecticut
DayviIIe Properties Sold.
The sale is announced of the Con-
gresham G. A. Russell &nd Major w.
r. Bidwell adjoining properties in
Dayvi1le to Frank S. Kennedy Of that
Rev. w. d. Swafleld was in Boston
wednesday for the commencement ex-
ercises at Brown university.
Will Teach at Brown.
Mr.. and Mrs. A F. Wood were in
Providence wednesday to witness the
graduation OF their son, Earl franklin
Wood, from Brown university, where
he is to be an instructor in English
next school year.
Judge Sabin S. Russell was in Putt
nam wednesday afternoon to assist
with Judge Thompson of Pomfret in
hearing arguments in the Naylor will
case.
Mr. and MIS-. CnafieS Sm1Ln OF COL
tage street are to occupy in the near
future the new bungalow being erect
ed by George I. Eaton on Prospect
street, Riverview.
Auction at Home Hotel.
For f. E. Kies, j. Carl Witter sold
the household goods of the Home no.
tel at auction Wednesday afternoon.
Chief Michael Grimshaw and fam
lily are to occupy the apartments in
II. 49, ~
occupied as the Home hotel.
John Q. Marion of Lowell was a
visitor with friends in Danielson on
Wednesday.
Examinations completed, the graded
school on School street will close for
the summer after this mornings ses-
Mill Employees From Canada.
Families from Canada arrived this
week to be employed at the Connec-
ticut mills.
Coroner Investigating.
Coroner Arthur G. Bill was in VIII
limantic to investigate the accident in
which Wallace Lemieur was injured
by an automobile.
Judge w. F. woodward presided at
a session of the town court Wednes-
day morning, when one case OF a min
or nature was heard.
Manager A. w. williams of the
baseball team will have the Putnam
team here for a game on Saturday.
Mrs. G. b Merrick of FAN River is
visiting with friends on Furnace
street.
To Attend Shriners' Outing.
With General J. w. Atwood of Wau-
regan, A. p. Woodward, H. F. Glen
dining, E. H. Reach, w. K. Litch and
Ralph Rogers will motor to Providence
today to attend the annual June out.
ing of Palestine temple of the MystiS
Shrine. The trip includes sail t.
Newport, with a review of the sailors
at the training school as a specia
feature.
Go-to-church Sunday.
Members of Quinebaug lodge, I. o
o. F., and members of Dorcas Rebe
kah lodge viii unite in a Go-to
Church effort Sunday morning, at,
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1916-06-22
Scouts Cooked Their Dinner.

Troop No. 5. Boy Scouts, held an
outdoor meet Tuesday afternoon up
the hin on W5ghtman avenue. A din
ner of roasted meat was enjoyed,
around campfire. Four boys, Claude
Combies, Elmer Browning, Ralph
Marsh and Walter Hitchon, passed the
tests for fire building and camp cook
ing, thus preparing for emergencies.
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1916-06-22

gene Award: senior woodward. Fred
Boulays junior woodward. James o.
Brien: senior beadle, John b May
hew; junior beadle, J. B. Daigle. The
officers are to be installed July Is,
and Fred Authier, A Al Brodeur, Esu-
gene Award, James OsBrien have
been named. as a committee to make
the arrangements 50