davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Winslow mail., 1916-09-15

are favorable to the aphis and long
dry spell retards the growth Of the
clover
The aphis prefers the young tender
leaves and stems of it's host, but
eventually it covers the entire plant.
Garden and sweet peas, being succu-
lent plants, are seriously attacked and
readily succumb to the depredations
of the insects. Glover, particularly
red clover, on the other hand, is able
to withstand considerable injury, but
as has been noted, even this plant is
not free from serious damage; in fact,
entire fields of clover are sometimes
destroyed.
We have no definite reports of in
jury to cattle by feeding clover hay
which has been heavily infested with
the aphids; indeed, we have been in
clover, which has slightly sweetish
taste, because of the honeydew cover
ing it, is rather relished by cattle. In
1911 it was reported that feeding cattle
with infested vines was supposed by
one farmer to be the cause of the
death of some of his cattle, but there
seems to be no proof and the conclu
sions were probably incorrect.
The pea aphis commonly feeds on
clovers-especially red and crimson
clovers-garden, grass, Canadian field
and sweet peas, vetch and, not infre
quently, on alfalfa.
The pea aphis is one of the most
prolific of plant lice. A female can
give birth to as many as "a young in
a period of IA consecutive hours. The
for all individuals where records were
kept in 1912 and 1913 was 81 per
day but this is the average for the
entire productive period of each
female. Toward the latter days of
this insects life, the birth rate greatly
diminishes, often not averaging one
young a day.
1t is doubtful if any species of plant
lice is more harassed by enemies than
is the pea aphis. The common aphis
fungus is the most important natural
enemy This fungus thrives under
moist conditions, especially when ac-
companied by warmth. This fungus
is contagious and spreads with won
derful rapidity. Heavy rains destroy
great numbers of plant lice, and very
hot, dry weather, seems to hinder ex-
cessive multiplication, so that weather
conditions are a great factor in the
natural control of this pest. Nine diff
ferent species of ladybirds prey upon
the pea aphis, and the larva Of the
syrphid and cecidomyid fleas are i'm
portant enemies.
In the clover field the pea aphis is
ordinarily held in check by it's natural
enemies. If it is apparent that the in
sect is becoming unduly abundant, the
clover should be cut as soon as pos
sible, since the cutting and drying of
the clover will kill most of the insects.
Glover coated with the honeydew of
the aphids will not cure properly.
Spring pasturing or early cutting back
of the clover will check the multipli-
cation of this plant louise.
The Winslow mail., 1916-09-15


Now come two Costa Rican profess
sors, G. Michaud and J. F. Tristant,
reporting their experiments upon the
effect of ultraviolet rays on the eyes
of men and animals. They filtered
ray of sunlight through special filter
composed of a cell of Uviol glass con-
tanning a solution of copper sulphate
and a film of nitrosodimethylani
thus cutting off all the visible rays
and allowing none but the invisible
ultraviolet to enter perfectly dark
room In the room these rays were
allowed to fall upon the eyes OF dog
or man who had been in the dark
for fifteen minutes. The pupil i'm
mediately became sharply defined iii
luminous green against the violet
black background of the iris.
This startling effect, they believe, is
caused by the pigmented iris absorb
ing the ultraviolet rays while one OF
the tissues inside the eyeball, perhaps
he purple of the retina, f1uoresces
when they enter.
The Winslow mail., 1916-09-15
APHIS is DESTRUCTIVE
Insect Is Generally Distributed
Over the United States.
One of Most Prolific Of All Plant Lice
and Is Especially Injurious to Va
rious Leguminous Crops,
Notably Clovers.
(By j. DAVIS.)

The periodic occurrence of the pea
aphis in unusual abundance on vari-
GUS leguminous crops, more especially
red and crimson clovers, vetches, field
placed it among the important inju-
rious insects of the world, for it is al
most cosmopolitan and more or less
injurious wherever found. In Europe
The Winslow mail., 1916-09-15
Gate Latch.

latch bars are fastened to the gate
and the latch is fastened to the post
by bolts, each having one end bent
into hook eye and the other held
through the post by nut. A spring,
midway between the bolts, holds the
latch in place when the gate is closed.
Farmer
The Winslow mail., 1916-09-15

it has been the subject of numerous
treatises, both from the systematic and
economic viewpoint, and it's identity
has been much confused with other
closely related species. In America it
seems to have made it's first appear
numbers in 1899, although it is
known to have been present here for
at least two decades previous, and
each year since 1899 this aphis has
been recorded as injurious in one or
more localities in the United States.
Records of injuries by this insect
have been reported by various author
tiles in different parts of this country,
showing that for a good many years
the pea aphis has been present in
serious numbers. DR.. ]. w. Folsom
reports injury to red clover in the
following words: "In 1903 the louise
killed an immense amount of red cIo-
yer and weakened much more in De
Kalb county, Illinois. I found on one
farm 80 acres of dead clover roots In
showed any signs of life, and on the
ground were thousands of cast skins
of the aphid. At cutting time the lice
had been such a nuisance that the men
objected to handling the crop. After
cutting, the clover never revived. In
bare spots where the aphids had killed
the clover locally, and in the growing
clover were many centers of new in
festation, due doubtless to migrant
winged females. All of the clover in
that part of the country was more or
less injured; not only old clover but
also the first-year growth. Returning
to the same region the following SUM-
mer to see the consequences of the
injury, did not stay long, for it was
hard to find field of clover anywhere.
The farmers reported that the clover
had been winter killed. to their sur
prise, since the winter had not been a
severe one and the clover often sur
vived worse winters"
Mr.. H. Morrison, discussing the
VI ILLS tuoCCI Ill
in 1910, says: 1T was so common i'll
many fields that the clover remained
on the ground for more than a week
after cutting without showing signs
of curing. The clover stems were so
plastered with honeydew that the
moisture could not evaporate from
them"
We have seen clover fields in In.
diana so badly infested that the plants
/ would be covered with the so-called
'honeydew," sticky, sweetish fluid
elected by the aphis. Walking through
such an infested field, ones trousers
would appear green, so thickly would
| they be covered by the plant lice, and.
ruined by the honeydew which Gov
cred the plants. While it is seldom
that fields are killed outright as de-
scribed by Doctor Folsom, there can
be no doubt that the heavy infestations
which are so common, have a decided
weakening effect on the plant and
| much of the winter killing of clever
The Winslow mail., 1916-09-15
Keen Chemicals Out.

There are many suggestions about
putting salt, charcoal or chemicals in
the silo. Never do it. Water may
sometimes be added when the corn
is dry, but keep the chemicals out-as
you would from home-canned goods.
The Winslow mail., 1916-09-15

at all. This is true of the eyes of
many other animals than cats; in fact,
it is true of most nocturnal creatures,
including birds and insects.
The first man to point to what seems
to be the true reason was Professor
Bugniou of Switzerland, who in 1913
The Winslow mail., 1916-09-15
Toad Decreasing in Numbers.

We are told that the toad is decreas'
Ing in numbers owing to the fact that
tho little ponds or pools in which
their eggs are hatched are drying Ut
all over the country.
The Winslow mail., 1916-09-15

be about, sci
entifc men have
been making expe-
riments recently
to ascertain if
there may not be
some other ex-
planation, for the
eyes glow when
there is no light
The Winslow mail., 1916-09-15
Annendicitis an Old Disease.

Generally regarded as modern Gis-
ease, appendicitis was known in Egypt
$500 years ago and accurately de-
Scribed in still existing records
The Winslow mail., 1916-09-15

suggested t h a t
perhaps invisible
rays = such as
the ultraviolet or
infra-red - were
transformed by
some chemical &C
tion into visible
rays at the in
stant of reflection
F.41 4ho Auon
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
Warren +: Grafton 3.

In fast and spirited contest
Warren defeated the seni-profes-
sional team Of Grafton, N. D., on
the local lot, Monday evening by a
score of 5 to 8. At no period Of the
game could Warren claim it as a
victory. The Graftonites proved to
be gamey fighters and presented the
locals with stiff opposition, which
was to the local fans satisfactory,
as they enjoyed seeing an exciting
game. Halbert was on the mound
for Warren and Gilroy did the
twirling for the visitors.
Warren OOO20030x 511 8
Grafton OO00100O2 8 4 8
Summary: First on balls, off
Gilroy 2. Two base hits German,
Foster, Mcdonald. Left on bases
Warren 8, Grafton 4. Struck out,
BY Halbert 8, by Gilroy 4. Hit by
pitcher Halbert, Moore. Double
plays, Halbert to Walker to Wing
field. Umpire Hovland. Attend
ance 200.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
RACE PROGRAMS
81. FUN SOCN IAAN'

When the automobile came into
use, sportsmen Of this country gen.
orally conceded that horse races
would soon become thing Of the
past and that the only thing that
would interest the public would be
thrilling auto races. Since then
auto races have come and gone and
now close and exciting horse race,
as an attraction at a fair, is again
the feature number Of the program.
The leading fairs of the country
have recognized this fact and lay
special stress upon securing fast
horse races. The Marshall county
fair will be among the big fairs in
this respect and already a large
string of thorobreds have been Sc
cured for the race meeting to be
held here July 4th and 5th'
81 10000 will be given as purses
for races during these two days
On Tuesday, July 4th, two races
will be pulled off, each with a purse
of $4,000. Wednesday, the fifth
three races of a first class nature
will be the drawing card. For these
races there will be purse OF
100000 each.
Come to the Marshall county fail
for fast and exciting races.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
BIGGEST CELEBRATION IN
THE HISTORY OF THE CITY
IS PLANNED.
THE FOURTH AND THE
COUNTY FAIR WILL MAKE
A STRONG COMBINATION.
$1,500.00 Purses For Races, $4,000
Spent on Fireworks.
Hon. F. H. Peterson, of Moorhead,
Will Be Orator of the Day,

The Fourth and the County Fair,
on the same day will this year fur
nish a combination of attractions
that will eclipse all former celebra-
tions Of our country's natal day
in our city. All the people in this
county and in adjoining counties are
invited to join in the celebration.
With the carnival attractions, races,
sports, speeches, music, fireworks,
and county fair running at full
blast, all visitors can be assured of
a big full day. Hon. F. H. Peter
son of Moorhead, one of the ablest
speakers in the Northwest will de-
liver the address. Come to Warren
to see your county fair and cele-
brate the Fourth on the same day.
Bring the wife and children and be
sure to stay for the fire works.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
ssBIRTH OF A NATION"
Worlds Greatest Spectacle at the
Warren Opera House, July
- 3rd, 4th, and 9Th.

D. w. Grifith's mighty film pro-
duction, <"The Birth of a Nation"
will be one of the stellar attractions
of the Marshall County Fair, July
3, 4, and 5, and will be presented
at the Warren Opera House. Never
before in tht history of the world
has a spectacle been produced on
any stage so awe-inspiring, soul
stirring, as this mighty creation in
motion picture form and brought to
your very door. This mammoth
picture cost $5O0,O0O to produce,
uses $4,000 people and 5000 horses
and will be accompanied by a grand
symphony orchestra Of 20 pieces.
Seat sale opens Wednesday, June
28th, at North Star Drug Store.
Prices SOC to $1.50. Two perfor-
mances daily, afternon and evening
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
LARGE CROWDS ATTEND .:,.a.
s.r-.S CIRCUS SATURDAY

Saturday was circus day in this
city and the large Gollmar Brother
Shows furnished amusement and en-
tertainment for both young and old.
From the time of unloading the big
train, until the tents were removed
in the evening, the kiddies and
grown ups Of the city were to be
seen watching every move by which
the work was accomplished.
A large crowd of people from the
surrounding territory was present
and the streets in the down town
district were lined thruout the day
with cars and vehicles. A traffic
cop was on duty during the day at
the corner of Johnson and Main
streets.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
LOSES BITTER
BATTLE TO T. R. FALLS.

The Warren base ball team ac-
companied by a large crowd Of fans
journeyed to Thief River Falls Sun
day, where the local boys met de-
feat at the hands of Nason's Mobiles,
OF that city. The victory was due
to the efficient work on the part Of
the umpires, who were credited with
winning the game. According to
several hundred Warren fans, the
local team was given the rawest
deal in bad decisions, by the
Jumps" that they have witnessed.
Scores of fans from Thief
River Falls admit this to be true and
became so disgusted with the deci-
sions that they left the Thief River
crowd and joined the Warren root
ers. During the game a few Thief
River fans made some of the mean
est personal remarks concerning our
boys that we have ever heard at a
base ball game. They went as far
as to attack one of the Warren men,
which resulted in a scrap, that will
give the national game in that city
very bad aroma.
| Outside of the above features the
game continued, and both teams put
up fair exhibitions Of baseball
Foster and Cline were the batteries
for Warren, while "Munch'' Menzel
and Hoffmeister were in the spot
light for the Thief River Falls ag-
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
Warren 5: Argyle l.

The old historic rivals on the
base diamond, Warren and Argyle,
met for the first time this season
on the Argyle plot, Thursday even
ing in a quickely played game,
which resulted in another scalp for
the local sphere tossers.
Argyle has. recently broke into f
the national game and for this oc-
casion was loaded up to it's limit
with the best base ball talent to be
secured in the northwest. Sholders
the highest paid twirler in the val
ley threw for Argyle, but was not
going right and was touched freely
by the Warren batters. Foster,
Warren's tosser was in great form
and struck out % of the Argyle
batsmen. Cline received for the
locals in a satisfactory manner and
Gooselaw held similar position
with the opponents.
The first five innings of the game
were scoreless and held the large
crowd almost breathless during var
ious stages Of the game. In the
sixth Warren Tailed twice and in
the seventh repeated the perform
ance. In the eighth neither side
tailed, while in the ninth Warren
crossed the home plate four times
In the last of the ninth Argyle Sc
cured it's first and only score.
The box score is as follows:
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
Fast Games Booked.

Manager Hanson has booked two
fast ball games to be played here
on Friday this week. The all sal
aried team from Mcintosh is to
meet the local nine on that date in
double header, the first game to
be played at three o'clock and the
second game in the evening at $50.
These contest will be fast in every
department and the fans will have
an opportunity to see two of the
fastest ball teams of the valley in
action.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
Special Train to Ada.

There will be a special train to
Ada next Sunday on account Of the
base ball game to be played there
by the Warren and Fergus Falls
crack teams. It is believed that
many will embrace the opportunity
to visit our sister city and enjoy
an outing. AS the hotels in Ada
may not be able to serve dinner to
all visitors who come there that
day, it has been suggested that
families bring their lunch baskets
and enjoy a picnic dinner in the
beautiful out-of-doors at this time
of the year. The train leaves War
rem at 10 o'clock.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
VEGA FARMERS CLUBS
FIRST ANNUAL PICNIC.

$ The Vega Farmers Club will hold
their first annual picnic Wednesday,
June %, at the Abraha1nson tree
claim, six miles west and one mile
north of Warren. A program will
be given at 1890 A. M. The AL
varado band will furnish music.
The afternon will be taken up
with athletic sports of all kinds.
Refreshments will be sold during
the day.
Everybody bring your lunch bas'
ket and come and spend the day
with US.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
Warren 5; Drayton 1.

The Warren base ball team autoed
to Drayton yesterday, where they
met the fast collection of the ma
tional game players of that village.
The game was a good exhibition OF
base ball and clean ball playing was
evidenced by both mines. Russell
was on the mound for Warren and
threw an excellent game. Cline's
good work behind the bat was a
feature Of the game.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
Warren IL; Thief River Falls 6.

The would be Thief River Falls
"champs' came to this city last
Wednesday with the expectation of
taking the local nine into camp
without any difficulty. Their ex-
pectations were not to be realized
however and Warren pounded
Evans, the twirler for the visitors
to such an extent that total of II
runs were made during the game.
Thief River was held scoreless until
the seventh, when Halbert weaken
ed and let in 6 runs in the last
three innings.
R. H. E.
Warren 22O10321x II 12
T. R. F. OO00O0123 6 10
Summary: Earned runs, Warren
Is, T. R. Falls 5. Two base hits,
German, Cline, Lafontaine, Waul-
baum. First on balls, off Halbert 1,
off Evans 2. Struck out, by Hal
bert 9, by Evans 2. Left on bases
Wraren 6, T. R. Falls 8. Hit by
pitcher, by Halbert, Evans. Attend
ance 400. Umpire Casey.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
SOME MARSHALL
COUNTY RETURNS.
Zone precinct lacking}

Zone precinct lacking)
Governor: Burnquist 1899, Iver-
son SOP.
Lieutenant Governor: Frankson
327, Gates 272, Peterson 91O.
Secretary Of State: Sampson 585,
Schmahl 895.
State Treasurer: johnson 765.
Rines 592, Swarg 139.
Railway Commissioner: Mills
754, Elias Steenerson 773.
Congressman: Halvor Steenerson
1882, Anderson 422. -
U. S. Senator: Clapp 275, Eber-
hart 667, Kellogg 402, Lindbergh
246. T.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
rormors, Club Picnic at Viking.

On Sunday, June 25th, at IL
o'clock A. M, two miles west OF
town Home made ice cream, cake
and coffee, will be served on the
Grounds. The program will consist
3 of music singing and talks by noted
men A base ball game will be
nlaved and also a few other small
snorts 9 Come one, come all, and en-
iov an all day out-of-door picnic II
the woods.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
Pletsch-Cuttiu.

On Friday, June 9th, 1916, Miss
Mary Emily Cuttill, of Odell, ILL.,,
became the bride of Mr.. August
Herman Pletsch, of Warren, at the
home of Rev. A. E. Joder, Odell,
III. They were attended by Mr..
Francis R. Cuttill, a brother of the
bride, and Miss Mary r. Moore.
The bride is the youngest daugh-
ter of Mr.. and Mrs. William K.
Cuttill, who lives northeast of Odell,
while the groom is the youngest son
of Mrs. Henry Pletsch, Of Warren.
The young couple left at once on
their honeymoon for Chicago and
other places. They expect to be
gone for some time.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
Evangelistic Meetings Close.

The Evangelistic meetings which
have been held for two wweks at
the opera house closed on Monday
evening with rousing meeting by
Dr. Mahood. The meetings nave
attracted a great deal Of interest
among people in the city and coun-
trv round about. DR.. Mahood is a
powerful speaker and Mr.. Rockey Is
= fine singer. AS a result OF THESE
meetings quite few have s1gnlf1eo
their intention to lead a new llfe'
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
ANGUS Wins First Game of Season.

Angus Wins First Game of Season.
The Angus ball club journed to
Euclid Sunday, where they locked
horns with the aggregation of ball
tossers representing that village.
Angus took the lead in the very
first inning and maintained it's posi-
tion thruout the entire contest and
won by a score of II to Z. p.
Shoop worked in the box and threw
an excellent game considering the
fact that this was his initial ap-
pearance as a pitcher. Larocke
heaved for the Euclidites.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-06-21
Primary Election in Warren.
Republican.


U. S. Senator: Clapp 81, Eber-
hart "a, Kellogg 35, Lindberg Is.
Governor: Burnquist IA, Iver-
son rs.
. Lieutenast Governor: Frankson
27, Gates AZ, Peterson 81.
Secretary Of State: Sampson 81,
Schmahl 104.
State Treasurer: Johnson 10,
Rines 81, Schwarg 9.
Railroad Commissioner: Mills
112, Steenerson 40.
Congressman: Halvor Steenerson
107, A. G. Anderson 60.
Representative: Stevens 148,
Malberg Is, Robertson II. -