davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21

unless they know that they are alone.
Brutus is another three.year-old lion,
but though his eyes do not light up as
do those of Victor when the head keep
err passes, he is happy to receive a
friendly nod, and doesn't object to be-
ing gently rubbed. Brutus is very proud,
and does not believe at all in displaying
his feelings. He is young. too. and
therefore happy, even though he is
spending his life in cage.
At the Washington Zoo there are some
fine cheetahs. In Africa and Asia they
prey upon the antelopes, and natives
meet. However. many of the rich ma
tives of Asia catch these pretty. spot
ted animals and train them for hunting.
They grow into great pets, and are
highly valued. For short distances they
are the swiftest OF all animals. Tom
and Kitty, two of the cheetahs that oc-
cupy a cage at the zoo. are very re-
sponsive to kind words and a few sym
pathetic pats. Indeed, they rather vie
with each other for the attention of the
head keeper.
Pan, the chimpanZee of Washington
fame, has roomy corner all to him.
self. He has a great deal to amuse
him, and spends considerable time and
on the top of his house. The noise he
makes on the wooden roof seems to de-
light him quite as much as it would a
small boy. Pan is trained, almost un-
cannily intelligent, and very affection
ate. He hangs on the bars of his cage,
begging to be noticed, and is quite be-
side himself with joy when the head
keeper talks to him. slaps him on the
back and strokes him. He will swing
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21

rapidly increasing Its value last year
was Ave times as great as during the
year preceding. and was only two and
one half million dollars less than the
total product of gold In 1914 about
twenty-one million pounds Of copper
were mined, and its value was less than
three million dollars. In 1915 the out
put was over eighty million pounds,
and its value was more than fourteen
million dollars. The copper product
will be even greater this year.
So far we have taken out of Alaska
about eight dollars worth of gold for
every dollars worth of copper. But
our gold mining began thirtysix years
ago. and our copper mining not until
1901. Today the prospecting for cop
per may be said to be al it's beginning.
There are extensive deposits of this
metal on the other side of the Wrangen
mountains. and large working mines
on some of the Alaskan islands. Seven
mines are now being developed in the
ketchikan district of the islands of the
Alexander archipelago. and there are
four mines on Prince William sound.
A number of copper locations have
been made on the kenai peninsula, not
far from the railroad. and on the south
side of Turnagain Arm native copper
has been sluiced down by the hydraulic
miners. The copper of Prince Of Wales
Island carries considerable amounts of
gold and silver. and the same is true
of that of the Chitina district
The word Chitina is of Indian origin.
1t is composed of two words. chit"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21

the mine it was with sad face. He
said that capital was tight and the
public not prone to invest. He kept
on preaching hard times and at last
cast such a gloom over the camp that
the others OF the party decided to sell
If they could get any kind of price
for the mine. They were in this mood
when Beatson asked them to make a
fixed price. and they finally agreed on
few thousand dollars. Just how
much I don't know. but it was less
than the $4,000 Beatson had in his
coat. At any rate. before showing the
money Beatson asked: Are you men
sure you would take that price IL |
could find the money!" The miners
replied: Yes" He then asked them
to put their offer in writing. They
thought he was bluffing and did so.
He thereupon ripped open his coat and
handed out the sum in one-thousand-
dollar bank notes. The men We're
scared stiff The yellow bills looked
good. They took them and the mine
became his.
Mr.. Beatson then began to develop
the property with the expectation of
selling 1t. He opened IN more of the
mine and showed the extent of the
deposits. He got one company 10 make
option for considerable sum.
They drove shaft into the hill but
happened TO strike between the ore
vein. that was forked. and found moth
ing. The option expired and Beatson
finally sold the mine to the Alaska
Syndicate, which is now operating II
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21

1T is called upon to endure is, of course.
the captivity.
Nature has taught all creatures to
keep busy, with just enough play to
give a zest to the work. An animal in
cage has not lost this world-old in
stinct just because fate has been un-
kind to it and shut it behind bars The
animal invents its own pastimes; 1t
ticks the bars with it's tongue, 1t
tramps restlessly and sometimes re-
belliously about its cage for hours; 1t
dozes. it eats the one meal a day.
The head keeper claims that with a
little training and patience it would be
possible for the men about the Zoo
to enter the cages of there lions, tigers
and cheetahs in comparatively short
time. with no show of fight whatever
on the part Of the animal
The lust for blood and the desire to
kill are sharpened in the hunt for prey
when an animal is hungry. 1t scents
the prey and wants its dinner. Seattle
fly it begins to stalk the victim, and it
becomes a game more fascinating than
any the keenest and best huntsman
ever played. In captivity the animals
are deprived of all this: they are well
fed and SO the first motive is removed;
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21
THE LEOPARD.

PRING at the Zoo no doubt re-
" ceives more genuine welcome
"A than is accorded in any other
W part of Washington. Every ami
NAL is athirst for Whit of the great
out-of-doors. and release from the con-
fines of cramped indoor cages gives it
once more a breath of partial freedom.
Keepers sense the change in the greater
restlessness exhibited by individual
members of Zoo land; fresh eager
ness. a new expectancy, lively zest
for life seems to animate even those
that the winter made sluggish and dull.
When spring has actually chased
Jack Frost to remote corners of the
earth, a glad day arrives at the Zoo.
The lion, tiger. cheetah, hyena and
jasuar are put into clean, fresh cages.
where they can bask blissfully in the
sun by day and sleep under the
stars by night dreaming of wild jun
giles and their happy hunting grounds.
Even the animals that have had the
hardihood to withstand the severity OF
the cold weather and raw winds OF
winter, the bears. wolves, coyotes and
certain felines, develop a keener relish
for life.
a veritable clean up-paint up
madness seizes Zoo workers. All the
grounds are carefully gone over. Out
door dens are cleaned, scrubbed and
freshened up: a smell of paint per-
meates the air. Birds sing or scream
their approval of this general house
cleaning. and each creature, big or lit
tie. confirms in its own way this note
of appreciation.
In talking with the head keeper at
the Zoo a number of interesting points
were touched on in regard to the deni-
zens. Among the most curious is the
steady diminution in their savage in
stincts as they continue in captivity.
When a wild animal is first put into
it's cage it is savage and frightened. 1t
does not comprehend the change at all.
Suddenly it has been transplanted from
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21

have made it one Of the greatest copper
mines of the world.
During my stay at Cordova l met Mr.
Birch He is the vice president and man.
ager of the Kennecott properties, and Is
thoroughly acquainted with their history
and present condition. l asked him to
tell me the story of the discovery. He
replied:
''It began with the rush to the Klondike.
and the mining excitement that followed
it, There were then prospectors. NOV
ing about here and there over Alaska.
and eleven of these men had made an
agreement to investigate certain sections
and to divide share and share alike in
what they found. The men went in pairs.
and drew lots to see which section OF
the country they should take. The dis
trict OF the upper Cnitna river was
drawn by Clarence Warner and Jack
Smith. 1t was they WHO discovered the
mines
Both Warner and Smith were old pros
pectors, and Jack Smith for years had
tramped over the mountains OF Arizona.
He was commonly known as the 'Ari
xona Centpede. suppose the name came
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21

critics. The Latouche properties are
being handled in the most modern way.
The policy which the government has
pursued has retarded the development
Of the copper in this section by the
prevention of the opening of the coal
fields and the failure to furnish the
transportation SO much needed"
What is the future of AlasRa as re-
CARDS copper.
TT bids fair to be one of the largest
copper producing countries of the
world. The product is now close to 1OO.-
900, 900 pounds per annum. and this is
almost one-twelfth Of the total produc-
ton of the United States. Nevertheless,
1t is only FIVE years since copper has
been turned out here in any appre-
ciable quantity"
Further on in our. conversation I
asked Mr.. Birch to tell me about the
copper deposits on the Island Of La
touche, In Prince William sound. This
island is not far from Seward. 1t has
rich copper lodes. but the ore Ia of an
entirely different character from that
Of the Bonanza and Jumbo. The latter
mines have a chalcocite ore which oar
1es from IL to 70 per cent Of pure cop
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21
Not Very Rich.

66~ ERMANY'S fatless days" said DR..
VI August Breitenbach. German so
cialistic writer, in an address in New
penings.
"A waiter in Berlin restaurant
spilled a plate of soup over the pink
silk bodice Of q. lady's evening gown
You'll have to pay the damage for
that" said the lady. angray.
"'Oh. it's alright. ma'am. There won't
he any damage said the waiter To
day ia one Of our fatless days. you
know. and on fatlsss days our soup
doesn't STAIN"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21

zoo pounds of ore carrying S2s worth of
copper. There are 500 sacks to the car.
so that each car load is worth almost
$4,000.
The copper of the kennecott mines is
pure that il can be dug from the
earth. turned into metal. and put on
the market at cost of about cents
a pound. In these days. when copper is
worth from 90 cents upward, you can
see that every pound means at least Is
cents profit. The average ores now
being mined are above 20 per cent pure,
and q large part of them carry as high
as u per cent of copper. To show what
this means the copper ores of Arizona
yield about per cent. those of Mon
tana about and those of Michigan
less than ] per cent. Do you wonder
that these copper mines pay? ] am told
that they will yield something like
$4,000. 900 in dividends this year.
The copper output Of Alaska is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21
c. Keneot Propereow the
Hundred Copper Locations Already Made
Belt Two Hundred Miles From rbanThe
Latolche Mines Uneathed by Bad CLAIMS.

~ miles wide and more than 400 loca-
tons have already been made. Many of
these are in process of development. and
some of them will soon be producing. II
the region could have cheap transporta
ton and if coal were available for the
reduction of the ores at Cordova there
would be a largely increased output in
the near future.
From what you say. Mr.. Birch. it
would. seem that the Morgan-Guggen-
helm syndicate does not own all the
copper of Alaska"
1T certainly does not replied Mr.
Birch. Its Alaska holdings are prac-
tically confined to those at kennecott
and on the Island Of Latouche. As 1
have told you. it has cost in the neigh
borhood of twenty-five million dollars
to buy and develop the kennecott prop
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21
CORDOvA, THE COPPER CENTER.

posits nearby. and that they had better
stop and prospect the rocks. They
did so. and the result was the discov-
cry OF these great deposits OF low
grade copper ore. which lie almost on
the edge OF the sea. The miners de-
cided to develop the property for them
selves. but the ore contained such
small percentage of copper that they
could not make 1t pay. They kept on
mining. however. with the idea that
the deposits were so large that they
ought to sell the property at big
price.
in the meantime one of the miners.
named Beatson. announced that he was
Disguised and was going outside for
the winter. He took some of the ore
with him and went to New York.
where he induced rich relative to
advance him $4,000 to purchase the
mine, with the understanding that he,
Beatson. was to retain his own share.
"Beatson then came back to La
touche,'' continued the prospet tor, but
before he did so he changed his money
into thirty yellow bank notes of $1,000
each and sewed them inside the lining
Of his mackinaw. When he came to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21
BINGO.

per The ore is rich in comparison
with that of ordinary mines that $50
tons of, 1t will yield more of the pure
metal than 10000 tons of copper ore
mined our western highlands.
The Latouche mines are low-grade
producers. Their ore is a chalcopyrite
which averages about 8 per cent cop
per- 1t is Quarried from the hillsides
overlooking the water, and is treated
by the fotation process. The Beatson
mine on Latolche Island. Mr.. Birch
tells me. is now producing from ten to
twelve million pounds of copper per
annum, and its output will be increased
within the near future.
The story OF the discovery Of the
Latouche copper mine is quite as in
teresting as that of the Bonanza. The
tale was told me by an old prospector
a Seward. Said he:
The Latcuche mine was the result
of mess of bad CLAIMS A number
of miners We're sailing along the
shores of Latouche Island when they
found a clam bed and stopped and dug
UP enough for a meal. They cooked
the CLAIMS. but before eating them
found that they were deadly poisonous
on account of the copperas in them.
One of the men suggested that the
copperas must come from copper de-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21

meaning copper, and ma" meaning
river. We know that native copper
was used by the Copper river Indians
before white men entered the territory.
Spear and arrow heads of that metal
made by them have been found in the
sluice boxes of the miners. and cere-
monial knives of copper are even now
employed by the natives for cutting
the salmon caught at the beginning of
the season.
The Russians had discovered that
copper existed in Alaska >long before
they sold the territory to us. They
had nuggets of copper and small house
hold utensils beaten out of the metal.
They found no large deposits, however,
and ii was not until thirty-three or
more years after we had taken pos
session of the territory that there was
any hope that the copper would be of
great value. 1t WAS in 1899 that pros
pectors on their way from Prince Will
liam sound to the klondike learned
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21

about the Copper River region. and
the same year the geological sur
vey reported a similar copper belt on
the northern side of the Wrangell
mountains about two hundred miles IN
straight line from Fairbanks.
The most important discovery of cop
per in Alaska. and indeed one of the most
important mining discoveries of the world.
was that of the kennecctt mines. which
have since been bought by the Morgan
Guggenheim syndicate. and which are now
yielding more than 10000. 900 pounds Of
pure copper a year. These deposits were
discovered by two miners. who were pros
pecting about Kennecott mountain in the
year 1900. and the property was then
Investigated by Mr.. Stephen A. Birch.
young mining engineer who brought it
to the attention of the capitalists and Or
ganized the development projects which
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21

wildly about the cage. dance feverishly.
and try to stand on his head In his ef-
forts to convey a sense of his apprecia-
ton. One would not feel especially as
tonfshed to hear him whoop shrill
Thank you, sir"
y
At feeding time Pan never fails to
draw a crowd. With a mug, a spoon and
a napkin a keeper makes his way
into Pans cage. Pan quite impressive
ly takes his place in high chair at his
table. The keeper ties the napkin
around his neck. gives him the spoon
and sets before him a mug of food.
With the utmost composure Pan pro-
ceeds to eat his lunch. He handles his
spoon with ease and his table manners
are good. When he is through with the
first course. the keeper provides him
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21

they are comfortable and they learn,
as reasonably soon as one can expect,
that no harm will come to them in
their cages If they will conduct them
selves as they should. So the incentive
for exercising their savaGery and kill
ing 10 gone. and the foreclosures and
vtcisouness which are always associated
with big game seem in some of the
animals to be extinct. Doubtless it
only lies dormant.
However. this is disputed question
among those who are authorities on the
subject of animals. Enos Mills. a stu
dent OF nature and lover of animals,
holds that wild animals will not make
and that they mind their own bust
ness much better than most people.
Mills hunts with nothing moro deadly
than a camera.
lowstone Park no visitor Is permitted
to enter without first giving up his
gun. In his rambles he may run across
bear, but the bears are sleek, fat,
well fed and waddle placidly on their
way. paying not the slightest attention
to a terrified tenderfoot. Bruin seems
to have caught onto the fact that he is
protected and that no one will modest
him. Being a bear in the Yellowstone
country is enjoyable.
One magnificent striped Bengal tiger
at the Zoo, by name Raiah, played with
clumsy friskiness near one of the
keepers, who was scrubbing around the
front of the cage. Occasionally this
spring toward the workman and voice
a half protest by means Of a deep
throated growl. The head keeper ex-
plained that this was not entirely play
on the tigers part. but that for some
unknown reason Rajah had taken a
dislike to this particular attendant and
always made 1t clear that 1t wished him
to keep his distance A tiger never for
gets a grudge.
1t was curious to note the change in
the cage, for he purred noisily. rub
bed himself against the bars and was
happy as an afectonate tabby when
the keeper patted and rubbed him.
The Bengal tigress, Princess, occupies
an adjoining cage. She is a beautiful
beast. and though she came promptly
to the front of her cage and very era
ciously permitted the head keeper to
than Rajah. Princess moves with an
enviable grace and lithesomeness, but
she is subject to moods. and she can
be very treacherous While Rajah
romps about clumsily in his exuber-
ance Of spirits and shows certain
friendliness OF action. Princess plays
with more daintiness: she is less
rough in her frolics. but she has a
short temper and Is rather spiteful.
While a keeper pets her she may turn
on him in a flash and bare her teeth.
Rajah is more relia Bile than that. 1t
takes a tiger a long time to make up
it's mind to yield to discipline. A lion
or leopard is more trustworthy. When
once a tigers fury is aroused it is alb
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21

native heath of boundless expanse,
where it has roamed about at will in
seek of prey and playmate, to coop
measuring a few scant feet each way.
1t gaZes, frightened and bewildered, at
throngs of visitors-and man is crea-
ture instinct has taught him to hate
and fear-there are lights and the blare
of park music and many other strange
things which 1t fails to understand.
The hardest and most intolerable thing
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21

solutely without fear. 1t has not the
slightest respect for any weapon with
which man might confront 1t.
1t is generally acknowledged among
animal trainers and those who are ia
miliar with the habits of wild animals
that as long a tiger approves Of the
way things are going in its world 1t
Is fairly passive and agreeable. But
let it suspect that it is being imposed
upon. or let anything cross its path
of which it thoroughly disapproves.
then watch out! In many ways. while
the tiger lends itself to certain
amount of affection from the keepers.
1t Is the least amiable of all wild ami
mails.
In the cage to the right of the Prin-
cess is Duchess, the lioness. She was
curled up at the back Of her cage
sound asleep when the keeper called
to her. She did considerable winking
and blinking before she finally made
up her mind to come to the front OF the
cage, but when she did 1t was with en-
tire friendliness, and she sat down to
Duchess is getting along" She has
been an inhabitant of the Zoo for four
teen years and was three years old
when captured. To the left of Rajah.
the Bengal tiger is a lion, Victor. He is
a young lion, only three years old, and
is immensely proud Of his name. which
is just beginning to grow. He objects
vociferously to some of his keepers.
and makes 1t very plain that certain
of the men are not favorites.
One day during the winter a keeper
was trying to scrub out the tin trough
which runs along the front of the
winter cage when Victor calmly lay
down and poked his two front paws
through the bars Of the cage, doing all
he could to retard the progress of
trough cleaning. AS the long handled
brush passed him he would catch it
with nav and when the hurried and
annoyed keeper spoke reproof with
high impotence Victor eyed him, then
ignored him utterly but fatty refused
to withdraw his great paws.
About a year ago Victor was so ill
that the Zoo was fearful of losing him.
The head keeper determined to save
dirt floor and all the fresh air he
could breathe, fed him very carefully
on raw beef and chicken and insisted
on castor oil and quinine. Victor re-
belled against the medicine, but after
great deal of persuasion he swallow
ed the capsules which contained his
medicine.
Victor appears to recognize the fact
that he is indebted to the head keeper
for his life. The moment he appea rs
Victor knows him. watches him. and is
eagerly waiting at the bars of his cal e
for few pleasant words and an affec-
tionate stroke or two Lions never pace
about their cages in circles as leopards
do. The latter never vary their rest
less, monotonous prowling up and down
the length of their cage. The do not
indulge in jungle conversation, either,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21

at a profit I have not learned what
the price was. but i am told that il
WAS high enough to drop Mr.. Beateon
into Easy street and to remove the
necessity of his ever working there
after" FRANK O. CARPENTER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-05-21

Ii the Cpv Love Great OuoDooE and the By Beez Find Them More
n Satisfied With Their QmteThe "Cean-upPantup CampagnOmr
De Cleaned Made Ready Wild Animals Re-
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES of Keepers With DenizThe Chmpanz
His Table According
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1916-12-19
Buyers

ing Cones for this kind of bearing IS
only supposed to be used in care of
the cheapest class
The OVERLAND Model s5-4 has
front wheels running on the mostly
costly Timkin Roller Bearings
Ask him what style Rear Axle his car
has, and do not take a car that has the
old style Non or Semi Floating Type.
The OVERLAND Model 1914 has Full
Floating Rear Ax1es. Do you know
what Floating Rear Axles means? 1t
means that the Axle does not have to
carry all Of the weight of the car
and passengers, but only has to propel
the rear wheels. The weight of car
and passengers is carried by Roller
Bearings running just at end of spokes
and on case hardened axle housing.
Ask him of the Wheel Base Of his
car The OVERLAND Model 1914 has
112 inch Wheel Base. Many cars sell
ing for more money have shorter Vince
Base.
Ask him about the Springs, and take
none but CANTILEVER SPRINGS
With these you do not need SHOCE
/ ABSORBERS for they ride easy with
out this addition. ALL OVERLANDs
USE CANTILEvER SPRINGS.