davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1916-10-13

Published every Friday by the py.
stander Publishing Company, D.
Moines, Iowa. Once in Chemical
building, corner Seventh and Mul.
berry streets. Phone, alnut 500,
ID. Entered at the postofRce as sec.
ond class matter. n
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1916-10-13

tFed3 Of tesimor'ss IN ne. Src pg ID iJll psredl
Dr. e. HkRVT ears ~ rH-' 49," a,s Stu v
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-05-27

I burg, until at length the Union rorces
were within twenty feet Of the de-
tenders To give additional protection
to the diggers. they used what were
wrapped with wires 10 make them
compact or sometimes cotton-hales.
rolled in front OF the advancing
They got so close that the defenders
would light the fuses OF bOmbshells
and throw them into the excava tons
made by the attackers Often the
latter would PICK them up with their
shovels and throw them back-much
IN the same way as the fighting men
in the war Of today throw back at the
enemy the grenades and bombs that
land uneXploded in their trenches
II was youngsrer in the Union
army who invented a primitive. vet
effective cOntrivance for throwing
bOmbshells under such circumstances II
was a block Of wood with a saucer
shaped hole in the TOP. 4 small
quantity OF gunpoWder, readily obtained
from Few cartridges. sutficed. when
a bomb was set in the hole, TO throw
IL into the enemy's midst. The idea
was so obviously good that presently
the army engineers took II up. and
began making mOrtars Of hoped LOGS
set on end. from which large bomb
shells were fired
Americans Originate Bomb Proof
The -Dompproor. which has attained
high and ingenious development in the
present war. affording overhead and
other shelter 10 the soldiers not en-
gagged for the time begin in actual
fighting. had its origin during our civil
war. 1t was ordinarily a pen Of logs
covered over and around its sides with
earth one might say that its most
complete development. I'm the conflict.
was achieved at Fort Fisher. which
suffered so frightful a bOmbardment by
the Federal fleet A whole system OF
bOmbprO0fs was built there. with guns
mounted between each two; and. wien
the gunfire from the ships became too
hot the garrison sought refuge IN
them
When. by digging operations
parallels and -saps"-the beSiegerS.
in the civil war. arrived close Up 20
the defenders works resort was had TO
mining This meant burrowing un-
foreground. and the planting OF ex-
There was also couutermining by the
besieged- with similar object in view.
the method adopted. though less high
" developed being the same as those
used i'm the present conflict.
The trench warfare OF today has
been so far developed with its baro-
wire acknowledgements. meats, pits with
stakes 10 impale horses and other sup
Elementary murder traps. that derences
OF the kind are practically impreg-
nable They can be captured only
after they have been torn to pieces BY
artillery fire IL was very different
Of course. in the civil war. with high
explosive shells were unknown and
field guns were weapons relatively
u to 1851 the effective range OF
cannon did not exceed 500 yards. To-
day the Germans have guns that can
land a projectile with falr accuracy,
IL is said. at q distance OF % miles
Which goes TO show that war, Ike
other arts. progresses rapidly with the
advance of civilization
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-05-27
soUTH

the ehromosphere, are but a tiny frac-
llOn OF the whole. present phenomena
tSSIie9 ana beautiful enough 10 justify
the devotion Of a lifetime TO their
] study These, beginning with The pho
loSpEeres are the enVelopine shells or
! layers encasinE the colossal mechan-
lsIn Wltnln' and OF which they are ex-
Beneath the photosphere the mind
| or man has not yet penetrated. But
rom that dazzling surface. itself the
/ scene OF vast eruptions, the worlds
Ike little children draw their susfe-
nance. as they follow theft great
mothers in her flight through snace
towards an unknown destiny
The Planets for June.
Mercury on June is at inferior
conjunction and becomes a morning
star Il reaches its greatest western
elongation on June %, but is so far
south OF the sun that il viii not be
well seen.
Venus will continue to be the most
conspicuous object in the evening sky
until the latter part Of June Ii will
set about three hours after the sun
the first Of the month, two hours later
the middle Of the month, and by the
end Of the month viii be too near the
sun TO be seen Its motion viii be
retrograde from June II. and by the
last Of the month will have moved
seven degrees westward
Mars is still placed for observation
IN Leo, although steadily decreasing in
SIZE II VIII be found near HeEulus,
from which il can be distinguished
oy its rudy color
Jupiter is finely IN view in Pisces in
the morning sky. Il rises about / a.
m, June !. and shortly after midnight
the last Of the month.
Saturn viii be too near the sun TO
De wen seen this month II is 81.
Gemini.
Uranus rises about midnight on June
], and about 10 p III. on the 30th. There
are no conspicuous stars near it.
Neptune is in the western evening
sky in Cancer
Planetary COnfiEurntiOn for june
June !. 80 a. m Mercury and moon
lH conjunction Mercury south Z de-
gres IS minutes.
June >, HIS a. m Saturn and moon
IN conjunction Saturn south / degree
- minutes
June 3, SIS p. m. Venus and moon
n conjunction. Venus north l degree
Is minutes.
June 4, 7:05 p. m Neptune and moon
in conjunction Neptune south 10 min.
june ;, .. m. Mercury in inferior
conjunction with sun. (Sun. planet and
earth in hne).
June 8, 3 a. m. Mercury I'm ApheIion.
(Aost remote point from the sum.
June Z, % p m. Mars and moon
-n conjunction Mars north 4 degrees
IS minutes.
June II. p. m Venus stationary.
June u, ,. IN. Venus IN descend |
ing node.
June y. p m. Mercury stationary.
June ~, s;25 a. IN Uranus and moon
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-05-27

~ THlLE widespread and popular
w interest is shown in the stars,
and those observatories offer
lns hospitality TO the public are al
ways well attended on their evenings
at home It seems strange thar com
paratvely few questions are asked in
regard to our sun. which. after all. is
cut star Of the milky way. and
through the varied aspects Of which
fresh knowledge Of the universe may
be read
Scientifically viewed no heavenly
body offers greater fascination or va
riety Of detail than the sun.
OF lis many phases DerhaDs rone
are more beautiful than the mantle
OF coral Tinted flame. called the chro-
IllosPhere' about which but little is
popularity known.
Invisible to the unaided eve. except-
rs AZ times Of total eclipse. the chro-
ll1spheFe, averaging six or seven
tl, usand miles in depth. covers the
Dp4y OF me sun from pole 10 pole.
50 brilliant is the philosophers 1.-THE
surface ordinarily seem, which shines
beneath that dispersion Of its intense
iSht by means Of the spectroscope is
necessary, before the chromopsheric
TRES may be observed To the un-
pfacuced eve these appear at first as
small, irregular flames fringfnes the
outline OF the solar disc As the vision
grows accustomed. however details
MURPHY, until the scene is etched
lcrth with an interest and beauty past
imagining
Cut of the chromospheric bed. and
mounting aDove its level delicate OBJ
leets arise. Of complex and varied
shape.
objects Easily seen.
At our distance of 90 10000 Of miles
these objects, known as prornfnences. .
are seen IN exquisite miniature. In
reality they are gigantic flames. ris-
lrg and falling i'm brief periods. and
measuring roughly from 10000 TO $50
vug miles or more in height
Through the telescope, when the
proper ad5ustm ents are completed they
may be seen in countless forms Here.
bundle OF apparently thread like
flames, twisting together from the
1ase, VIII coil upwards in a fiery rope. .
ne spiral well defined. TO branch at E
Inc summit like a tree or detached I
snreds OF fire many thousands Of miles ,
l1 length. may be observed floating I
anoTe the chromopshere in elfish and +
leAtas-lc Shapes There an Ohlect like F.
an aisrette VIII droop tendrils Of an :
li ca!lQescent rose or q tuft of stiff. ;
parallel flames dartinE upwards. Will 4
curve al their terminals into a clus-
Ter OF shining rings And over the
VIDE surface Of the sun, the chromos-
pieFe itself. that bed of continuous
tholSh lesser fires, is swept to and
ITO like teathery down. in the stress
or solar storms.
Other aspects Of the sun, which like
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-05-27
Goals to Relieue Milk
Shortage in Germany if
Plans Are Carried Out

Berlin. Germany. MAY 27.-T7 a,ticf-
pa ton Of probable shortage Or
milk next winter. the minister Or
agriculture already is taking stems
looking TO the raising during the com
sible- The agriculture chambers ana
organizations all over Prussia are be-
ing urged TO get into touch with goat
breeding associations everywhere with
the object Of influencing individuals
in Tie right direction
Premiums FOR raising goats will be
offered, goat markets In the cities al
which goats are sold TO butchers will
rot be held as usual. and arrangements
win pe made whereby special pas
tures viii be available for the AMI
mails.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-05-27

you suggest The almanac lines are
~ Iurally uc- corrected Tor refracfiol,
shd par1llaN because YOU want 10
know the exact time the sums lrnpe-
emo pushes its way across the bori
1on' TOT with The upper limb ,Iavlirhf
can most properly be said 10 begin and
e y T. writes: Q1 Please give ~
a definition Of the y-ord soIsticse', 80
" nat possible connection can the l.
signs OF the Zodiac have with the hu-
man anatomy as represented nv the
picture OF the gentleman UNDERGOING
a major operation in the almanac
new moon and first Quarter ana .liei,f
OF the moon during full moon and
last quarter and IL so whyc- az can
tHe moon have an effect on the
growth of plants or scedseT
% The sun i'm its apparent yearly
movement through the heavens passes
along great circle called mo ecIiptic.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-05-27
Women Who Drink
Alcohol Has a Mere Disastrous
Effect Upon ROman's Will
Power Than Upon Mans;
Few Women Drink
crH Reform.
BY MADIcO-- c. PETERS.

ANS ideal OF what woman ought
. TO be is based upon his belief Of
L what she normally is better
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-05-27

half Of which lies 10 the north OF the
equator and half 10 the south. To
crosses the equator at two points
called the equinOXes. The two points
on the ecliptic furthest from the
equator are called the solstices. The
sun is at the northern or summer
solstice on June q. 90 This. Of course.
is purely imaginary. 90 These terms
are not scientific; we think YOU are
right. a. While IL is philosophically
may not have some ultra minute ef-
feet upon any other occurrence or
upon some person or thing. no matter
how apparently remote. we know of
ur direct connection between the two
phenomena you mention The idea.
though very widespread. smacks OF
oStrOlOgy and superstition. Perhaps
the foolish notion OF the moon having
direct and large effect upon the rain
fall may have something 10 do with il
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-05-27
Question and Answer Department..


c. : writes: 1t is stated in the
text books OF astronomy that at the
equinoxes there is equal day and night
ali over the world q small circle near
each pole excepted. but why is il that
the almanac time of sunrise and sun
set appears to show that dav and
night are not quite equal in length at
the equinoOes+ The time Of sunrise
and sunset as given in aImanacs is
for the upper limb OF the sun: If IL
was for the suns center the discrep-
ancy would be a little less A Wash
InEtOn astronomer endeaYored to en-
tighten me on this subject BIZ means
Of trigOnometry, which is a branch OF
mathematics that I. unfortunately
know nothing about He stated that
If there were no refractiOn and eQua-
ton Of time the suns center votfil
Use and set AT o'clock at the eQui-
noxes, but are not the compute tions
in almanacs corrected for parallaX and
refractiOne And II the sun is S min
utes fast or slow at rising or setting
AT the time Of equal day and night.
how can this make an7v difference in
the length Of time from sunrise 90
sunset-
ANS.-The times Of sunrise and sun
set as given in most almanacs are in
mean time, which is not the time Civ
taken from a mean" sun which rep
resents the average Of the irregular
performances OF the sun throughout
the year. The difference between the
Two Is lut GAldNAAAl u Tune OF TINS
reason the almanacs would not give
the sunrise at a. m. even if all other
factors were neglected. However.
there are two factors you have men
toned which make the length Of the
daylight period longer than l. hours
AT the time OF the equinoxes: The fact
that sunrise and sunset are calculated
for the upper limb of the sun and not
for the center and secondly the APP
parent lifting up OF the sun bv refrac-
ton. Both these effects tend TO pro-
long daylight both at rising and set
ting, and neither is neutralized as
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-05-27

IL Conjunction. Uranus south de-
grees "A minutes
June =. 1I:24 a. m sun enters Can
cer-Summer commences
June p, a. M Venus and Saturn
in conjunction. Venus south 81 min.
June "a. 4:f2 p. m Jupiter and moon
in conjunction. Jupiter south de-
grees 80 minutes.
June 26, y NJ Mercury greatest
heliocentric lat south.
June IS. GIL a. m. Mercury and
moon in conjunction Mercury south
: degrees minutes
elongation west p degrees - min
June 80, 10 p, m Venus and moon
in conjunction. Venus south 4 degrees
so minutes
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-05-27
4 DANCED FLnrk.

Bonble had never seen a live sheen but
one % his most treasured toys was a little
wool- lamb ON wheels. which he drew All
about the house and yard Last summer he
spent several weeks on his uncle's sheen
ranch In the west. When he first sniel
the flock he exclaimed
You must have got them cheap. uncle
causr they've an lost thelr wheels. f-Nogr
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-05-27
Trench Warfare An American Idea;
Had Its Inception During Civil War

in h bu Wiz Va
B By Q
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19
YOU WILL ENJOY This
CUNCERT MONDAY MIGHT

1t has often been said that we mortals
accept the good things Of life that come
to US as though it were the natural
thing that they should be ours; nom
commltally, as matter of course, we
accept or reject them at will.
Well, another rare streak of fortune
sends Antonio Sala, cellist of the court
of Spain, to US.
Sala is only twenty-one years of age,
but is ranked by some with the master
cellists-Casals and SteindeI
His career has been a metoric one.
He began the study of the cello at the
age of five: at eight, he gave his first
concert. At eleven he played at the
court of Madrid for the first time. and
a year later took long tour of Spain.
When only thirteen he won the first
prize at the Conservatoire at Barcelona,
from which he is a graduate.
In 1912 he made tour of So-th
America, achieving brilliant success
that is reflected in all his press notices.
His name on the concert bills of any
large city in Europe, guarantees full
concert hall This is his first appear
ance in the United States, and it is only
because of his exemption from military
service by King Alfonso of Spain, that
he is able to come.
If you value an opportunity of this
kind. take it while you have the chance.
At the Methodist church, May 22.
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19

Tn" usual speed ui ten miles AN
hour allowed fDr autos in town
limits has been changed in Gun
ni-On To- fifteen miles. within Ger.
tain marked ~'r"-t CORNERS.
About the only result Of this will
he 10 rriIry" he town authorities
from ever making an arrest. aud
that i pruhnbly what rh- chang
was uai" for. While the rxurI
sreod nu automobile mny be
driven without danger 10 ih"
public i Il matter uf dispute.
ther" j. uuVu"-riuu but the rrck
irsS driver should ba brought M
short, no matter what the par
ticuIHr speed he may be- using.
With - limit of ten miles it il al
ways pO-Sibl- to prove the excess
Of speed in court when necessary.
With Il limit Oi fifteen. it j. very
difficult 10 prove anything for
only an expert can tell the dlf
ference bet iw"en this aud twenty
or twenty-five miles. However it
will relieve the authorities OF any
responsibility, and the public
should worry.
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19

and one and perhaps both Of my
sOu--in-law: will 20 myself, the
youug kinfuIk and friends of my
sons and friends will go.-Col.
Roosevelt.
And a. George VI. Conan is
wont To remark, / thank Won.
myig th"r thanks YOU. my mother
thanks YOU, my si-ter-ln vaude-
vIIIe thanks you-thank you.
Only Mr.. Cohan. being "a more
tiuI~he! actor than the Colonel.
cnlIs the roll more impressed.
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH

Schedule OF services for the week be-
ginning Sunday, May II.
SUNDAY:
10 a. m. Sunday School.
II "a. m. Morning worship and sermon.
Up. m. Young Peoples Meeting.
SPIN. Evening worship and sermon.
WEDNESDAY:
2:30 p. m. The Ladies' Aid Society
will meet with Mrs. Kreut-
zer and Mrs. Lake. at the
home Of Mrs. Lake.
500 IN. Choir rehearsal.
THURSDAY:
7:i5p. m. Midweek church night.
song. praise. devotion.
orchestra rehearsal. COM
mittee meetings. etc
Sunday, May 2lst, will be Automobile
Sunday. See special announcement
elsewhere in this paper.
Z. H. Robinson. Pastor.
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19
Notice for Publication
Department. OF the Interior.

~ Depattment Oh the Interior,
U. S. Land Otice 1t Aontrose, Colorado.
Notice is hereby given that May fiaEe
Of lola. Colorado. who, June sth.
1918, male De :ert Land application. No 0,7ss
Tor NEA NWk, Section 81: Township a.
North Range ; West. New Mexico Principal
neriiisn. has hlel notice OF intention tn m ke
Final Desert Land Proof, to establish c aim
Nourse. U. s. Commissioner. at Guuplson'
Colorado. on tho Nineteenth day Of June. 1916.
Claimant names a. witnesses:
william .. Spain Of lola. Colorado
Pat Hanlon Of 6unnison. "a
Ida Spain of lola.
William a. KseIor Of Gunnison, q
Register.
,,ss. water =, supply: Phv.ts ditch Owned By .p,
the 6unnison river. -
Fist pahlieati0o Nay u. 1916
Last pahlieosioo June ID l0i6
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19
Notice for Publication
Department OF the Interior.
U. : Land Office at Muntros., Colorado

q. $ Land ohice at Muntro.e, Colorado.
May 1. 1916.
Notice Is hereby given that May q
LemsH. of Gunnison. Dorado. who, on July
9Th. 1912 mate Desert Land Entry, No. ui07t.
L,r Ets NEa. Nj skil. Section -. Wa NWA
NJ. SW.. Section q. Township 81
North. Range West New Mexico Principal
Meridian. has fled n. .tice OF intention TO IN AXE
Final Desert Land Pr,of. to establish claim
to the land sb.ye described. b fore Erpe.t N
Noure-. United states Commissioner at Gunui.
son, Colorado. on the teuth day Of June, 1915.
Claimant names witnesses:
Archer Miller, Guunison, Colorado.
Wallace Moo e,
Frank Lightiey,
Lee Lehman,
Water supply: Through indivi !uai ditch
from Ohio creek Srn-cfai.
oC SKINNER
REGISTER.
First puhlishr May =. 1915.
Last pab.i.hed Juns O. 1916.
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19

Long and loud are the kicks coming
in about the mud holes just out of
Cochetopa canon. near Mitchel's ranch
1t spoils an otherwise perfect road over
the pass east. Wonder If the Saguachc
commissioners really know how bad it
is. Or are they depending on someone
to fix it who is laying down on the job.
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19
Tit For I at

Durango liDrnid.-Th" Duran
20 Democrat ought 10y all means
/" run an agricultural PAGE and
Conhu- their bull TO it.
Durango D,mprrHt.-Nu. W.
have decided 10 run a urkn~~
column ii We can get Harry :
legislature cut.
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19
An Innovation for
Town Officers
MOntrose Press

Have you ever noticed that
when "A man j. running for elec-
tion TO some office that he hud-
dies around the newspaper and
tries TO keep on the good side OF
the newspaper man-he tells him
he is the best fellow on earth.
Not infrequently when these
same men get elected, the first
thing they do is to take a fall
out OF the newspaperman and
declare he is the greatest CRATER
and member OF the biggest trust
on earth. aud they set about to
try and get him to cut his prices
here, there and everywhere, be-
cause he is "robbing" the dear
people.
Therefore, the following from
the Telluride journal, comes as
"a diamond from the sky, and
shows the broad spirit which pre-
vades the city council of Tellu-
ride. and which might be emulat.
ed by city councils and county
commissioners elsewhere, who are
constantly asking the newspaper
to give them lot of publicity
and then demand that they re-
duce their regular rates upon all
wor. done for them:
Before the opening of the bids
for the city's printing for the en-
suing two years, Alderman Wag-
gamer moved that inasmuch as
the two local papers We're doing
their utmost for the benefit Of
the community, and had always
done so and would always con-
tinue to do so, that the city's
printing he divided equally
between the two papers, and that
they be not forced to bid n rock
bottom price for the work but be
allowed to charge the rate for
printing allowed by law. He de-
clared his opinion TO be the city
council would do much more for
the community by this action
than would result from saving
the taxpayers few dollars by
making the newspapers cut their.
throats for the work. Aldermen
Purdy. Adams and Others ex-
pressed themselves as being of
the same opinion. Alderman Nc
Mahon being the only one who
expresst an opposite view"
This action on the part of the
Telluride council is certainly an
innovation and will operate for
the great good Of that city and
its future upbuilding. Why
should a newspaper be asked to
make reduction on the price of
its goods by a city council or
board OF county commissioners
when everybody else sells to the
city or county at the regular go
ing price, is question we never
have been able to answer?
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19
CATHOLIC CHURCH

Services every first and third Sun.
days. Holy masses at eight and ten
o'clock. Evening service at 7:30. Sun
day School at one O'Clock. Week day
masses at eight o'clock. Services
second and fourth Sundays of month at
Crested Butte.
FIR. WV. KIPP. Pastor.
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19

Mr. and Mrs. kessler Morris bought
a new - Overland Thursday morning.
and left that afternoon for their home
in Ohio City.
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19

Miss Kate Sewers from Paradox is
visiting the Lsshbrook home The
Lashbrook family have moved into the
Berky house. and Smith Whpp moved
into the DgnkIe house which they vacat.
ed
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19

Helen and Marie WhaIen Of Crested
Butte, visited friends in town Saturday.
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19

} F. Robinson was here from White
Pine spending the week end with his
family. Mr.. Robinson and associates
are leasing on the Victor and have out
a good bit Of ore for shipment.
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19
Nstiee Of Redenptisa Of Colnty
Warrants

Office OF County Treasurer,
Gunnisou County. Colo. :
Nay II, 1916.
Notice 10 hereby given that will redeem at
N Ol[lee In Ginni.on. Gunnison County all
Wosrnnts numbered follows:
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19

Harold Borden and wife returned
from months visit in Cincinnati, Ohio.
Sunday.
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19
At the Churches
CHRISTIAN SCIENCE

Christian Science services will be
held in the parlor of the La Veta hotel,
Sunday, at IL a. m.
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19

New York Wurld:-lnthc event
oi a war my four sOns viii 20,
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19

Mrs. Elizabeth Treyarthen left Mon
day for Boulder.
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19
LOCAL NEWS

DR.. Geo. Sullivan bought Dodge car
early this week.
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19
The Official Paper Of Gunnison County

SUBSCRIPTION RNrEs-one Year s2oo: Six Months. ,roo
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19

On the matter OF the Ad-
.giication OF Water Pri-
grI'Ies in Water District
N9
Gunnison news-champion., 1916-05-19
NOTICE

state Of Colorado,
lgInty OF Gunnison. s. In the District
Court of the
Seventh Judi
ciai District