davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lemmon herald. (Lemmon, Perkins County, S.D.) 1912-1917, 1916-08-30

join Samelson made a busi-
ness trip to Aberdeen on Monday
and returned Wednesday morn
ing
A large number of Lennon
people attended the dance at
Haynes on Saturday night, and
all report having had a fine
time.
Albert Severson, who travels
for the Johnson Candy Co., max
ing Mobridge his headquarters,
was Lennon visitor on Friday
and Saturday.
Glen Dyke returned on Friday
from Luverne, Mimi, where he
has been spending two weeks.
visiting at the home Of his par
ents.
Mr.. John Fields, Sr., Of Davis
ton. :. D., arrived on Thursday
and vii. spend two weeks visit
| ing at the home of her daugh-
ters
Q. n. Samdahl, while uphol-
>tering a car at the Lennon
tato garage on Saturday, swal-
'owed a tack. AS yet no serious
rrsults have occurred.
Mr.. and Mrs. Hames Of Ft. At
AInson, Wis, arrived on WedneS-
lay and will spend several
weeks visiting at the home Of
Mr. Hames' brother-in-law, +. b.
EEanson.
The Misses Lyons, who have
been visiting at the home of
their sister, Mrs. Roy Bol ard,
fer the past month, returned on
Monday to their home at Ar
mOur, ). ID.
Two freight trains were wreck
ed near Moore Junction on Sat
IrIay, caused by a tralh on the
main line running into the train
4a the branch line. Two cars Of
,t0ck were ditched but none Of
he crew were injured.
Miss Theresa and Esther
pHebe returned on Sunday
from Winona, and other Mime
sofa points, where they have
peen visiting with relatives and
trends for the past two months.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. M. Hargrave,
Of Anaheim. California, who
have been spending several days
at the home of Mr.. Hargrave' S
sister, Mrs. Elmer Sheets, re-
turned on Saturday to their
home.
Brown brothers, bankers and
real estate dealers, of Aberdeen,
brought two car Dads of land
seekers to Lennon, on Thurs
day. They were very favorably
impressed with the looks of the
land and the crop prospects.
FOR SALE-Ten thorough
bred Poland China Pigs, April
furrow, everyone good one;
pedigrees furnished. To be sold
to the highest bidder on the fair
grounds Lennon, S. d., on last
day of the fair, Sept. 8. 1915 be-
tween the hours of 1900 and
LOO. Meet us at the fair. War
The Lemmon herald. (Lemmon, Perkins County, S.D.) 1912-1917, 1916-08-30

~ C...l. ,;;.l III
|atiyes and friends at Mobridge
last Saturday
,..o,1 6 p;un o, j..
a,,,;,,.a. aaIIa. ~ Ion'n,on on
:, 'as.',e'S '",'T, III Ae''''''0'' VII
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04
STILL WATERS SHOWS MAR.
V-LCus VERSATILITY OF MAR
cUERiTE CLARK
irou3 ? : : Make Striking Fea.
Ntp'e % Eoith Barnard
Dclano S Work

-'rt" canal and canal beat
,o.H tha settings FOR Marguerite
'G:k'g i-autv and talent in Fam.
ouc rlrvo Film Comranys latest
~r-rltr'nI TO the Paramount FRO
,.crI, "Sti Waters" which IL the
cttr"-tior =. the Lyric Weln ,sday
"Hd Thur 'ay.
STU Waters which Is rare
mbin1ticn OF pastoral romance, rur.
! comedy crd thrilling drama. was
rittcn OIL cinlly for Miss ark by
nth parr Il Do'aro the well known
novelist / il the diminutivc stat
MS enc ~ the greatest oppcTtuni
lc7 o. her Gc~ccn career for the dis
To- Of her remarkable versatity.
Paving established . reputation ns
q surerb comedieune and an Unsar
passabe coquet, Miss Clark merits
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04
GENERAL HUERTA is IN
A SERIOUS CONDITION
Physicians Fear Former Dictator
viii Not Recover From
Operation

FL Paso, Texas, Jan. 2.-Gencral
Victoriano Huerta, former provisions
al president of Mexico, who under.
went an operation here yesterday,
was pronounced Ia serious condl.
ton tonight by his physician DR.. NJ.
P. schuster.
General Hueria, who had been i'll
for soro time with What the phys.
clans described as jaundice, was o..
Grated On for gal stones. 1t was
announced after the operation tn.
the Ihysicians found symptoms o.
more complicated dlsease. thaa fo.:.--
erly disclosed and today Xpre seu
fear for his recovery.
Unconfirmed reports reached he
today that General Francisco VII
was xii ed yesterday by troops con
manded by one of his generals, EdI
ardo Occarranza in the Sierra Madra
mountains near CaBas Grandes. The
reports could not be confirmed by
Carranza officials who declared the !
had not heard the rumors. 1t l.
known, however, that Ocarranza ar
Villa. disagreed concerning the recer
attack on Aqua Prieta and that DC
arranza was oyerruled.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

unreserved recognition as an emo
tional actress BY her splendid work
in the role of Nesta, the little girl
who Is to all intents and purposes a
prisoner on cana boat, where she
Is kept by ner grandfather in the
hope of preventing her from running
away to become a circus performer.
That was the unhappy fate of Nesta's
mother, ard the cd man lives in
mortal terror lest the little girl
girl should answer the same call.
The gra ldfather's fears are reaiz-
ed, but not until Nesta has met and
fallen in love with a young doctor
who lives near the canal. Her UNI
founded belief in the duplicity of the
doctor and tho sternness of her grand
father finally drive Nesta to run
away and join the circus, where she
soon finds herself the prey OF the
brutal ring master. The part which
the doctor plays in saving Nesta
from the ring master and the. discoys
cry of the identity of the invn ID
Pierrette, whom Nesta supplants IA
the circus, bring the story to thrill
ing and dramatic close,
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04
ESTRAY NOTICE
State of Utah,

State of Utah,
County of Cache.
In Providence precinct Of said
county, have in my possession the
following described animal which If
not claimed and taken away will be
sold at public auction to the hishes,
cash bidder at John Hendricks ir
Providence precinct on January ID at
70 o'clock noon: One black coming
2 year old heifer, branded S on LEFT
hir. Said estray was taken up by
me in said precinct on the 30th day
# December, 1915.
JOHN KENDRICK, Poundkeeper
for Providence Precinct
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

The Animal Husbandry department
Of the Utah Agricultural College has
lust started campaign to interest
the dairymen and butter makers OF
Utah in the National Butter Scoring
Contest to be held in Seattle, Wash.
ington, February "a. Local contests
viii be held throughout the state and
the best samples of butter and dairy
products sent to the national show
in Washington.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

The bishopric of the Preston Fourth
ward reorganized last Sunday. The
retiring bishopric have done many
things during their six years in of
fee. They have worked very dill.
gently toward the erection of the
new meeting house and now that 1t
is completed it is considered one OF
the best in the valley. The retiring
bishopric are j. w. Condie, J. N
Larsen, Edward w. Swami and C..
A. Larson, respectively. The new
bishcpric consists Of L. A. Skid.
more, A. ID. Erickson and George L.
Burgi.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04
THE SERVANT
IN The HOUSE

The Servant In the House, which
will be given on Thursday evening IN
Nibley Hall in the College Lyceum
course, is a play that is as inspiring
as a sermon, by Henry Drummond
and as beautiful as a poem by Brown
ing. 1t Is the kind OF play that you
follow with intense attention ana
hat fingers with you long after you
have seen it. 1t is one of the mod
ern Bibles that help make MS Chart
able.
Logan cubs have studied it and
Logan audiences nave heard 1t read
but now fer the first time comes the
chance to see it played. It is net a
moving picture, nor reading but a
genuine dramatic performance.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04
His Superstition.

so much good advice is constantly
being bestowed upon engaged couples
and SO much OF it goes UNDECIDED" re
marked Professor Pate, that i am con
strained to believe tGEt love also
laughs at iawsmi.he '--lndga
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

President and Mrs. w. c. Parkin-
son have had the pleasure of enter
tanning their family during the holi-
days in Logan. Among those who
have been here for brief visit are
Mr.. and Mrs. Curtis Y. Clawson and
children; Miss Clara Parkinson, Mr.
and Mrs. Lothian Alfred and Harold
Alfred.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

The county commissioners met
yesterday and passed the usual mum
Der Of bills. They also considered
the matter of advertising the county
by having a display made at the
Chamber of Commerce building in
Salt Lake City, but as it will cost at
least $500 to do that the commission
ere were rather slow in coming to @
conclusion. .-,,-
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

Prof John T. Game III, of the Elk
tension Division CT the L. A. C.
has received an invitation from the
Titan Wyoming Cattlemens Associa'
ton to speak at their meeting which
will be held in Evanston, Wyoming
on the 10th of this month. His spe'
cial topic will be the Raising of Beet
Cattle.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

Elder L. ]. Carlson will speak in
the Scandinavian meeting tonight at
1870. On account of Priesthood meet
ing being changed to Wednesday the
Scandinavian meeting will be held
on Tuesday.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

The wife of Willard Vaughan OF
Wellsville died yesterday morning al
ter a short illness of stomach trouble.
She had been i'll about a week. Mrs.
Vaughan Is survived by her husband
and four small children. Funeral
announcement will be made later.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

1t wi | be sood news to the friends
Of George ID. Casio to know that he,
In a peace oratorioal contest at Ann
Arbor, Mich, last week, won second
place out of ga contestants. lie
took as his subject, enforcement CT
Peace He was highly compliment.
ed by his friends.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04
Ny Y pD!nCS
FOR JANUARY

BorGen's Condensed MIX Com
pany of Utah, announces that It will
pav for milk at Logan and Wells.
vi lie plants during the month Of
January 81 cents per pound f-r but.
torfat at patrons hi !, stands and SO
cents delivered e tho factory.
LORENZO HANSEN, Supt.
Adv,
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

David Olsen of College ward re
turned Christmas day from a mission
to Denmark and to the Eastern
States. He is feeling fine and reports
having had most pleasant two
years while away.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

There will be meeting of the
county taxpayers committee at the
county court house today at 1880 p.
m. at which time the matter will be
settled whether or not the taxpayers
of the county intend to organize in a
campaign tax reduction.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

George Allen. OF Wellsvie was in
Logan yesterday and he tells good
story about how the 'Invincibles' OF
WeTsville carried off the basketball
game Friday night against their old
rivals, the Richmond team. The
score was 80 to 16.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

President w. C. Parkinson of the
Hyrum stake was in Logan yesterday
and he announced that the Hyrum
stake quarterly, conference will be
he'd at Hyrum on Saturday and Sun
day. January Is and 16.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

For Saie-A $3.50 upright combin-
alton safe, practically new, stands
about five and half feet high, and
weighs ton and a half; bargain.
Inquire at this Office. ADV. tt
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04
Overland Auton1o.
biles Satisfy.

With the moderation in the wealth
err Logan river has loosened up and
is again supplying plenty of water
for the Municipal plant in the can
yon.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

Mr.. Simpson Matkin OF Canada is
visiting with relatives in Hyde Park
and Logan. This is, Mr.. Matkin's
first visit to Logan in seventeen
years. ..ew, vi. ~---
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

Tomorrow night at Preston the
fight fans will be given a treat in
the form of a thirty round boxing ex.
hibition. The principals are x. o.
Brown of California and Cyclone
Workman. Roe and Porter are pro-
noting the match.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04
Buickand Dodge Autos

George w. Shovel of Shovel
Utah former resident of Logan,
has been transacting business here
the forepart of the week.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

Sheriff Barker went to Salt Lake
City yesterday having in custody a
young man who Is ward of the
Salt Lake infirmary, suffering of tn.
berculosis. ~%~-
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04
Try GENEROUS WITH US

THE YEAR 1915 HAS VERY GENEROUS WITH US
Due of the by the
people this valley appreciate
extend friends wish year shall deal as
gracously with each you in turn.
We desire to know that have
tory and desire percance anything may
have done Just right may privilege OF
recting 1t.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04
D sZZsk.-tSsysNsCgssrES.xR
WEEKS THEATRE PROGRAM
AT THE LYRIC

AT I'll e LYRIC
TONIGHT
cyril Maude in The Greater Will"
Go Rooster in five parts.
Pathe News.
WEDNESDAY AND THURSDAY
Marguerite Clark in SILL Waters"
Paramount.
"Parsrrount Travel Series"
FRIDAY AND SATURDAY
Charles Cherry in Mummy and the
Hlmming Bird"
Psthe News
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

Furniture Of the Time, is the lat.
est monthly magazine to find its
way into the homes of this commun-
ity. 1t is circulated by the Lund-
strom Furniture Company.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04
A 7 tn E AK

AT THE OAK
TONIGHT
The Girl and the Came" the great
series Of r r. adventures of HELEN
lao mes.
author reel Mutual Feature.
WEDNESDAY AND THURSDAY
Clara kimball Young in Hearts in
Exile.
F-icAY AND SATURDAY
Special from the Mutual 100000
Program.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

Mr.. and Mrs /. B. Evans wishes
to announce the marriage of their
daughter Francis to John l.. Roe OF
Preston, Idaho, to take place in Lc
gan next Thursday.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

Mr., Mathews, the painter, was bad.
ly injured, by falling from the inter
urban freight depot yesterday after
noon.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

Hyrum W. Hansen of College ward
one of the good boosters for The Lo
gan Republican, was in Logan yes
terday on business.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

We am W tbs you
was pocl
and this after al us any
make and
10 to fol a VIZ los en- tn our
b in mind tina we udn a ntohha the on
ii w a Coz Grown
you fly i'm the
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

On Wednesday afternoon the La
dies Aid Society Of the NJ. r.
Church will meet at the home of Mrs
Condie between Fifth and Sixth
North on First East.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

Mother Goose and Her Goslings, Is
the title to a neat little picture book
which the Bluebird Candy Shoppe Is
distributing among its many patrons.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04
LOCAL NEWS
Ford the universal car, passenger
s495; Q passenger $445.-Adv. If

For Sale--Cnoice registered Jersey
COW; coming fresh within one week.
Phone 81 Smithfield ADV. IA
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

We sell the earth, abstract It's t.
tie and loan money on 1t. H. A. Ped
erson 4 Co.. First North street.
Adv, ..gs, a. Il
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

Watkin L. Rowe, manager of the
Lewiston Tribune, was transacting
business in the county seat yester.
day go
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04

A SUITE CT 8 ROOMS for &C
plete housekeeping Apply So
Center.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1916-01-04
Classified
FOR RENT

FOR RENT
FURNISHED OR UNFURN.SHED
rooms, so Ecst Center, phone 1ej, II
The Alaska daily empire., 1916-01-01

to enjoy the privileges, as accorded
 by the laws of the Territory, are
 cordially invited to come and taste
The Alaska daily empire., 1916-01-01

which far surpasscs those of Maine and New Brunswick. for a 60-inch pair of horns is considered a great trophy i'll that region.
 The caribou. which has several species credited to its kind. is also one of the animals that prefer a drier climate. makes its home on the farther side of the mountain rang es from the ocean. and is mostly to be seen in the rolling hills of the Yukon and Panama. It has largely disappeared from the Seward Pen insuia. and from the Kenai Penin- su!a. but large herds may be seen on the divide between the Panama and the Yukon, and small herds occasionally cross the Yukon.
 Besides the large game of the North the country is we'll provided
The Alaska daily empire., 1916-01-01

with different varieties of grouse
 ptarm;gan. and waterfowl Of many 1 spc"!cs. IL is the ia,t nesting grount
 in the United States for swan, sand
 hill crane. Canada goose. black brant. mallard. teal. pintail, harle- Quin and other ducks These birds. or many of them. formerly made their nests. and reared their young in the valleys. and along the lakes and streams of Oregon and Wash. ington. but the occupation of the land has driven them away and set tiers have killed them. until they are only known there at present as a migratory bird, and Alaska is known as the land where they come to rear their broods. Along the grass covered shores of the inlets near the mouth of the Stickine, on Duncan Canal. in the lakelets about Glacier Bay. and in other localities along the coast, they may be seen in summer, but when the autumn arrives the finest shooting is to be had on the marshy shores about Sumdum. the mouth of the Stickine,
The Alaska daily empire., 1916-01-01

ia and his summer residence in the Yukon Valley. is one of the strange feathered depizens of the land.
 Tn the vast marshes. about the mouth of the Yukon. the wild swan makes its nest, and in fall and win, ter makes it's way down the coast stopping to visit favorite feeding grounds on the way.
 Alaska IS the last and the great est resort Of the sportsman in the United States. and all true sports men are welcomed to the land. The man who takes more than his share of the public herd is no more want. ed than he who takes his neighbours goods of other kinds. but to those who wish to come to the Northland
The Alaska daily empire., 1916-01-01

birds make royal sport in the berry patches where they grow fat as they prepare for winter
 While there are several members of the grouse family in Alaska, known as the blue grouse. the Frank lin grouse, the spruce grouse. and one or two others. the most widely spread member of the family is the one known as ptarmigan. which is species of northern grouse. and which varies in color from summer to winter. In summer they are brown or dark color, harmonizing with the landscape they occupy, while in winter they are a snowy white which blends with the winters coat until 1t is scarcely to be dis
The Alaska daily empire., 1916-01-01

and. in fact. at any of the stopping places of the flock. as they seek their winter home in the south.
 Of the land birds along the south. east coast one of the finest and most beautiful Is the blue. or Canada grouse. It weighs, sometimes, six or seven pounds. and is best known by the booming note that it sends out across the valley. in the spring time. when # calls its mate from the shelter of the pine-clad noun In the autumn the young
The Alaska daily empire., 1916-01-01

tinguisbed from the background. It
 is smaller than the other members of the grouse family. and there are several different varieties recognized. as the willow ptarmigan. the Nel- sons ptarmigcn. the rock ptarmigan. etc. They are distributed from the mountains of the southeast. all over the district. to the mouth of the Yukon and the Arctic ocean. I'm. mense flocks gather in some locali- ties and are found sprinklcd on the mountain slopes. where they feed on
The Alaska daily empire., 1916-01-01

when it is brought to the table. as a toothsome horsel. 1t is hard to beat.
 Besides these. there are snipe of various kinds that find a summer home on the lakes and shores of the sea. going south, in the fall when they are found. in flocks of nun. dreds. in the inlets as they tarry to rest on their joNrney. The gold. 'n plover which makes the circuit of the American continent each year. having his winter home in Patagon.
The Alaska daily empire., 1916-01-01

the berries that lie all over the up- lands of the North. There is no finer shooting, for small feathered game to be had in North America, than the ptarmigan affords, and
The Alaska daily empire., 1916-01-01
ALASKA, THE LAST GREAT GAME RESORT
 OF NORTH AMERICA

C: C:nt'nrcd f-c,l parc 3l.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1916-12-13
PIONEER SEED HOUSE
HAS FINE CATALOGUE
10000 Copies, Fresh from the
... Tribune Press, TO Intro
y duce Wills !

The finest catalog In the history OF
the northwest's pioneer seed house,
Oscar H. viii & Co., is fresh from
The Tribune press. The edition OF
10000 copies will go to all parts OF
the northwest. to various other sec.
lions of America and to foreign coun.
tries, in all of which there is q de-
,nand for virile, northern.grown seeds,
shrubs, bulbs and plants.
The 34th annual catalog issued by
viii & Co. has beautiful cover page
in four colors, with a typical land.
scape on the front and three varieties
of Will-bred corn on the back. The
80 pages found inside are crammed
with interesting information concern
ing products Of the Will nurseries and
seed. beds. A majority Of the varieties
are illustrated, and the catalog is real.
~ a ,conlprehensive encyclopedia Of
the field garden and nursery products
of North Dakota.
Today 10000 Of these booklets,
carrying Bismarck's name far and
wide, are going into the I1ails. Typo
graphically and In every other. respect
they are worthy Of the Capital City
Of North Dakota and Of the. progress
sive enterprise which they represent.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1916-12-13
sic of the district court concerning the
Second district paving operations.
Theater Ordinance Passed.

sic of the district court concerning the
Second district paving operations.
Theater Ordinance Passed.
The theater ordinance modelled af
ter that in force in St. Paul was given
it's second and final reading. Presi.
dent Lucas and Kirk voted in favor
and Commissioner Best in the mega
tive. Its passage caused some discus
sion between Commissioners Best and
Kirk.
The action on the Red Trail Ferry
company's application for the exclus-
i've franchise for landing place at
the river was deferred until the city
engineer can make a report to the
commission.
To Demand Obstruction Removal.
The commission went on record at
the recommendation of Commissioner
Best that J. J. Jackman be notified to
remove the distractions between the
Northern Pacific crossing. west of the
city, and the river in order that the
road might be made passable, until an
other highway Is opened.
Commissioner Best also introduced
a resolution that the city engineer and
the city attorney be notified to have
streets occupied by citizens be vacat-
ed to protect the city rights against
possible ''squatters," who might in
later years lay claim to the land
through a law passed years ago which
provides that continuous residence for
20 years entities one to such posses
sion.
The Bismarck tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, N.D.) 1916-current, 1916-12-13

/ have sold the Atlantic cafe and
wish all bills against the cafe to be
presented to Atty. r. H. Register for
payment. t'' '!&t .li'.. $500
.'>a = ss@@@@ CHAS. TUCK. q,
81 81. s4s. #,ss5, +, I'd, MI. J.s,,.7 ~ 4