davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
TIME FOR BREEDING HEIFERS
When Bred Under Two Years Animal
Lacks pevelopment-calf Small
or Stunted In Growth.

1t has been our practice never to
breed heifer until she is at least two
years old. says q farmer. BY follow
ing out this method she will drop her
first calf when she Is nearly full
grown, and strong and full of vigor.
When she is bred younger than this
her natural development and growth
are stunted or become checked, and
the result is that the calf she carries
viii be small and puny at the time Of
birth. as the heller has neither vitality
nor the capacity for nourishment suf-
fciently to sustain 1t and promote the
proper development Of her own body.
Other things that have observed
when a heller was bred too young are
as follows: The teats are not fully
developed. and this makes milking a
difficult problem. The first calf often
times is born dead on account Of lack
Of proper nourishment.
Some bring forth the argument that
the price received for the calf win
make early breeding more profitable.
This Is indeed great mistake and not
advisable, and close students along
this line viii all agree with me on this
point, am quite certain.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
SWINE HARVEST CORN
One Of the Most Economical
Practices on Any Farm.
Crop Is Consumed Without Waste and
Cost Of Husklng Is saved-sows
Intended for FattenIng Make
Remarkable Gains.

Hogging down corn, once in dis
repute and counted shlftless, has now
become respectable and moves in the
very best society.
Careful experiments as well as prac-
teal experience Of hard-fisted farmers
have shown that the hog is the most
economical corn harvester known. He
husks the corn, consumes 1t without
waste and returns as much or more
pork per bushel of corn than where the
grain is husked and carried to him.
The cost and labor of corn husking
are thereby saved.
Furthermore, during the process the
animals have spread the resulting ma
nure over the land in an even man
ner, another saving of labor and great
benefit to the soil. Particularly where
the corn is not Of the highest COM
mercial quality and is intended for Inn
mediate feeding is hogging down rec
commended. You can trust the pigs
to get all out of the field there is in 1t.
Turn in the shotes weighing from 90
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27

to $50 pounds or a little more and let
them clean up the field fairly well.
Naturally there will be some shattered
grains and scattering ears left and
then you can turn In the old brood
sows and let them pick up the leav-
ings. Old sows that are being fat
tened for market make remarkable
gains turned into the cornfeld.
Don't forget that corn alone, while
II is the best hog feed, is not suf-
ficient. Many farmers SOW rape or
cowpeas or soy beans between the
rows in the summer and by fall they
have a good growth of pasture. Rape
is one of the best crops for this pur-
pose. II conditions are favorable, sow
a patch of rape along one side of the
cornfleld in early fall where it won't
be hindered by the shade Of the corn
as when sown in the rows. This will
make a good growth and give lots of
pasture as well as supplement the
corn in case you hog 1t down.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
RIGHT TREATMENT FOR RoUP
Best Plan to Rectify Conditions Likely
to Cause TroubIe-5e Sure
That Coop Is Dry.

R0up, or contagious catarrh, as II
is sometimes called, shows itself in
the fall and winter when the chickens
are housed and when hand feeding is
used almost entirely. Therefore, at
this time of the year chickens do not
get the usual amount of exercise, are
affected by dampness and lack of venti-
latiOn Of coops, and are often fed table
scraps or mashes which become easily
contaminated.
The symptoms Of this disease vary
considerably, but the most common
ones are swelling Of the head, dis
charges from the eyes and sometimes
from the nose, and Inflammation of
the mocth, in which sometimes cank-
ers and false membranes are formed.
In advanced stages of the disease the
chicken becomes drowsy and listless
and loses weight. There may be some
slight attacks in which only the eyes
or the mouth are affected, the bird
otherwise being apparently healthy.
The essential treatment for this
trouble is to rectify the conditions
which are likely to cause 1t. Make
sure that the coop is dry and has
plenty of ventilation without drafts.
Roup is not often found where the
hens are housed in the open-front
type coop. Also make sure that the
food and water are fresh and clean.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
PROFITABLE TO PRODUCE HAY
Southern Farmer Can Raise Feed fos
$40 to SIS Per Ton-Why Pay
Northerner Bigger Price?

Folks like bargains. If they can
buy at cost they will often 90 to
town and load up with things they do
not need just because they are cheap.
II the merchant placards his goods at
cost he has no trouble In selling his
stock and great many farmers take
advantage Of the "great sacrifice that
must be made In 30 days"
II Is funny that there are so many
who never think Of selling themselves
something at cost. Take hay for In
stance. Suppose that northern hay
is selling for $50 ton. Suppose again
that the Florida farmer can produce n
ton of hay for $40 to SIS. He could
sell himself that hay at cost and keep
the difference. which he would have to
pay for northern hay, In his pocket.
That i've or ten dollars is worth saw
Ing. tt is probable also that the profit
would be greater since the price of
northern hay is usually higher than
$50 and hay probably can be produced
in Florida cheaper than $40 a ton
Florida Experiment Station.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
WINTER SUPPLY OF RHUBARB
Az Cold Weather Approaches Llf'
Roots and Place In celIar--Plant
Must Have Water.

All that Is necessary to have rhu.
barb of the finest quality in midwin-
ter or early spring is to lift the roots
as cold weather approaches, leave
them in a box of soil and put them
In the cellar. If they are put in the
last of November or fore part of De
cember they will be ready for use in
February. For later use they may
be put In later, but it is necessary that
they be taken up In the fall, as 1t
would be difficult after they are frozen
In the ground.
1t is necessary that they have wa
ter after being placed in boxes, but
they do not need light and will grow
better In a dark cellar. A single clump
of roots from well-developed hin will
afford stalks enough to give sufficient
amount of pie material for family.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
SHIPMENT OF DEAD ANIMALS
In Some Instances Shippers Have VIC
lated Regulations Of Agricul-
tural Department.

1t has come to the attention of the
U. s. department of agriculture that
in some instances shippers of live stock
have violated the regulation of the de-
partment prohibiting the shipment of
dead animals In the same car with
live animals. The regulation. which
was adopted February 10, 1916, and
amended July 1. 1915, is as follows:
mo dead animal shall be transports
ed, offered, or accepted for transpor-
tation in the same car with live ami
mails from the original point Of ship
ment In any State or Territory or the
District of Columbia to or through any
other State, Territory. or the District
of Columbia"
The foregoing regulation is binding
alike upon individual shippers, rail-
roads, and other carriers. Violation
of the regulation is punishable by
fine of 500. The original regulation,
B. A. L Order 30, and the later,
amended regulation, B. A. l. Order 245,
were promptly made public. but 1t Is
possible that some individual shippers
are not familiar with the regulation.
They should hereafter be careful to
observe 1t. Failure by several rail-
roads to observe the regulation has
already resulted In prosecutions of
them and the imposition Of penalties.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
SERIOUS EGG-EATlNG HABIT
Many Writers Recommend Drastic
Measures to Remedy Evll-6rouoht
About by Confinement.

The egg-eating habit is one Of the
serious troubles the poultryman has to
contend with. Many writer's recon-
mend drastic measures in combating
the evil-the selling or killing Of the
entire flock, If the habit is general.
In general, 1t may be stated that the
egg-eating habit Is brought about by
confinement. the accidental breaking
Of eggs in the nest, the feeding Of egg
shell with portions Of the egg-sub-
stance adhering, and lack Of animal
and mineral food In the ration.
The two most general causes are
confinement and lack Of mineral and
animal food. Hens having free range
seldom contract the bad habit. The
reason for this Is plain. They are in
and about the laying house only while
laying, and at other times are too busy
hunting for food to fall into evil ways.
It's the idle hen that contracts the
habit.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
NATURAL CRAVING FOR MEAT
Hens In Confinement Should Be Given
Regular Supply Of Animal Food
Of Some Kind.

Hens have q natural craving and lik-
ing for animal food. In summer,
when they can roam the fields and
meadows their appetite for animal
food Is amply gratihed by the finding
and consuming Of thousands Of worms
and bugs. During the winter months
II no animal food Is supplied. the hen.
II given the chance. viii satisfy her
appetite for animal food b. eating
eggs. Hens In confinement, and at ell
seasons Of the year when animal life Is
not abundant on the range. should be
regularly supplied with animal food Of
some kind. When ees-shells are fed -
hens. they should be very finely crum-
bIed- Browning them IN the oven vii
not destroy their food valne. and when
Drowned they erambIe easily.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27

(By A. DoANE, Oklahoma Experiment
Station.)
Alfalfa seed is rarely ever grown
commercially except In semiarid reg
ions. 1t is difficult to grow this crop
for seed In the humid sections. About
half of the seed produced In the United
States is grown on irrigated lands in
regions OF dry summers. Rain or mois-
ture from irrigation after the alfalfa
plants are In bloom has a tendency TO
stimulate new growth from the crown.
This greatly reduces the yield. When
a seed crop is desired irrigation is
withheld until the seed has been har-
vested. Usually the second crop of alfal-
ia is allowed to produce seed. However.
In the Southwestern states the third
crop is often preferred for seed, while
in the Eastern and Northern states 1t
Is necessary that the first crops be
used for seed production.
Various factors affect the amount Of
seed that the alfalfa plants produce,
such MS thickness of stand, moisture
supply and conditions favorable for
tripping. The heat of the sun often
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
ANIMAL FOOD FOR CHICKENS
Meat-Fed Fowls Make Quicker and
Cheaper Gains Than Others
MIX Is Good Substitute.

An agricultural investigator. after
a series Of tests, has come to the
conclusion that meat-fed chicks make
quicker and cheaper gains than 9TH
ers, regardless of size, and that chicks
started on a ration deficient In ami
NAL food never regain their lost
ground. In some of his own expert
ments he found that hens without
meat generally began laying before
meat-fed hens and maintained their POI
sition for weeks and even months on
such rations. he concludes that al.
though the work done by most invest.
gators has usually shown a decided SUI
periority for the meat-fed laying hens,
there is sufficient evidence the other
way to warrant further investigation.
In the fattening of fowls, animal food
has appeared to be essential to the
best results, except when milk has
been used, but Of the various sources
there seems to be little preference
aside from convenience or economy.
The substitutes for animal food in
common use are milk, milk albumen,
or dried milk, vegetable sources of
protein, and bone ash or phosphate
sources. Milk albumen has not gen.
orally given good results. Milk, sour
or otherwise, has given conflicting re-
suits. Vegetable protein when used
under favorable conditions, has often
given as good results as when protein
from animal sources has been used.
Results Of feeding bone ash or some
carrier Of phosphorus indicate that
some of the advantage that has been
claimed for animal protein may pos
sibly be due to the mineral matter con-
tanned in the meat scrap or cut bone.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27

order to obtain a fodder having as
narrow a ratio Of flesh-forming to fat
forming elements as possible, the crop
should be cut at as early stage as it
can be well cured.
For roughage to be fed in connec-
ton with highly heterogeneous foods, 1t
may well be allowed to grow until
seeds are formed. After that period
the stalks rapidly become woody and
the proportion Of waste Is greatly in
creased, while the feeding value is de-
creased.
In determining the period best to cut
these crops, wholesomeness, digestibil-
ity and other factors must be taken
into account, whereas the chemical
composition has little to do with the
comparative feeding value.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
MANURE PRODUCED AT HOME
Fertilizer Should Not Be Allowed to
Accumulate In stsIIs-AppIy
Soon as Possible.

The horse manure produced at home
should not be allowed to accumulate
In the stalls for longer than a few
days at a time. Preferably IT should
be applied as soon as possible after
being made and should be plowed un-
der at the first opportunity.
AT times when the land Is occupied
by growing crops. the manure il best
conserved BY placing It under cover
or In a basin or pit in the barnyard.
II. IN addition. II can be firmly packed
and saturated with water occasional
". the losses win be reduced to the
minimum under the circumstances.
II il well to apply and pillow under
such manure as soon as possible.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
LAMBS FaTTENED IN AUTUMN
Make Better and Cheaper Gains IL
Fail, Provided There 10 Plenty
Of Rape and Clover.

II the market warrants II lambs viii
make better and cheaper gains during
the fan. provided there Is plenty Of
rape and clover pasture. than they win
during the winter.
II the fall markets are slow and the
lambs unfinished Il win no doubt pay
to feed until the new year. This VIII
cost from 3 to 5 cents . day according
to the prices Of feed II the local mar
ket. But due allowance must he made
for the fertility returned 70 tbs land
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27

to the minimum, the danger Of infect
ing bis herd with the many diseases
common to this class Of live stock.
thereby avoiding serious loss which
may result from condemnation or
death Of diseased animals and from
decreased production. due to low vital
ity caused by disease. 1t protects his
product against contamination with
disease germs which might otherwise
jecpardize the health and life Of the
consuming public.-Indiana Experi-
ment Station.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27

gets older-up in the teens-the teeth
are more slanting than while younger.
They adjust themselves by steady
wear considerably. yet not all of them
wear to the right length. Sometimes
just one extra long tooth win keep
the others from closing together as
they should, and the horse cannot mas
ticate its feed properly. The result,
of course. is improper nourishmeni
and a poor-looking animal.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
SAYS HOGS ARE NOT FILTHY
No Farm Animal More Deserving Of
Care and Protection, Yet He Is
Frequently Neglected.

By PROF. X. 7. ]. EKBLAw, Univer-
sity Of Illinois)
Hog raising has probably returned
proportionately greater profits to the
corn belt farmer than any other en-
terprise. In view Of this. 1t might
naturally be expected that the hog be
the best-housed animal on the farm.
In the majority OF cases, however, the
opposite is true.
The old-fashloned idea that the hog
is tough. filthy animal still persists,
and many farmers believe and act In
the belief that anything Is good enough
for q hog. AS an actual thing, there
Is no farm animal that needs care and
protection more than the hog.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
OLD TURKEYS FOR BREEDING
Fowl 10 IN Us Prime at Three Years
Poor Practice to Dispose Of All
the Mature Birds

The turkey l. not fully matured IN
III two years Of age. and Is in his
prime at three years. and nearly as
coed at four years old.
Il Is therefore q mistake % sell al
all the older birds and retain the young
snes for breeding purposes
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
DEFECTS IN HORSES TEETH
often Happens One Long Tooth Keeps
Others From Closing Down and
Prevents Mastlcation.

Occasionally most farmers find an
old horse on their hands. Lots Of
these old horses have a hard time to
keep their ribs covered with enough
fat to look respectable. We have
found that a good many times the
trouble is not with the horse in par
ticular, but with Its teeth, says a
writer in an exchange. AS a horse
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27

for permanent control are poisoned
slrups. An arsenical strip is recon-
mended In the bulletin which will not
spoil and which is superior to any
other formula yet tested on account
Of its stability at high temperatures.
freedom from capitalization, and con-
tinued attractiveness.
Trapping Ants.-Ants may be
trapped by providing boxes Of decay
Ing vegetation in the winter. The
colonies will move into these boxes
and the ants may then be killed with
carbon bisulphlde.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27

fayors tripping, as less seed is usual
ly produced In the shade than where
the plants are exposed to the sunshine.
Abundant moisture lessons seed pro-
duction, apparently because 1t sumu-
Iates the growth of new sprouts. Too
little moisture may also seriously re-
duce the seed yield, but with the deep
root system Of alfalfa 1t Is not fire.
Quently subjected to this extreme. In
all producing sections the yield OF seed
varies greatly from season to season.
From three to nine bushels Of seed is
the average yield. Recently alfalfa
seed production has been on the in
crease In the semiarid regions without
irrigation. This seed Is considered
profitable for dry land farming. Thin
stands are best for seed production on
dry land. Planting 1t In rows about
three feet apart is also desirable, since
1t allows frequent cultivation.
For seed the alfalfa should be har-
vested as soon as most Of the pods are
ripe and the seeds yellow and hard
ened.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
PROFITABLE TO RAISE SHEEP
Raise Few Nice Animals Every Year
for Breeders Who Are Endeavor-
Ing 70 Improve Fioeks.

A profitable side line Of farming Is
to raise q few nice sheep every year
for men who are willing to pay a bit
extra for the sake of improving their
stock.
To do this. one should have good
stock and good pastures and good
barns. as well as q good man to care
for them.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
FEEDING CATTLE OVER FENCE
n There ls Any Doubt About Strength
Of Enclosure, Corn Had Better
Be Fed In Yarda

Be sure that when you feed your cat.
tie corn over the fence that the feeding
Is done at a place where the fence L
very strong.
Cattle crowd the fence at such q
point very hard and IL there il any
doubt about the strength the corn had
better be hauled to the yards and fed
there.
Better make little extra work than
to educate a herd Of fence breakers.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
SHOULD RAISE DAIRY CALVES
Practice Offers Dalryman Many Ad.
vantaues--lmproves Quality and
Market Value Of Herd.

The practice Of raising his own
calves offers the dairyman many and
unlimited advantages. 1t improves
the quality and market value Of his
herd, means increased production Of
both milk and butterfat, and reduces.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
PRODUCE is POORLY PACKED
Farmer Must Practice Better Methods
81 Preparing Fruit and Vere-
tables fer Market.

II h a lamentahle fact that the
great bulk Of our produce comes On
the market poorly packed and graded.
The producer must practice better
methods Of grading and packing for
either fruits or vegetahles-Progrss
sire Farmer.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
sIL0 MAKES GOOD AUXILIARY
Provides Feed for Either Summer or
Wlntsr--EnabIes Cattle Owners
to Use Less Land.

A sElo Is q good auxiliary In pro-
viding for either summer or winter
feeding and there are various meth
DDS along the line Of intensive farm
ing which win eazole owners Of cat
tie 70 use less land and ar the sane
time attain the results desired
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-10-27
ANT IS SERIOUS PEST
insect introduced Into This Coun-
try From Brazil
In Dwellings and Stores Food Sup
plies Are Attacked and Outdoors
Aphids and Mealy Bugs Are
Given Protection.

Prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture)
Both indoors and out the Argentine
ant Is becoming a serious pest In the
South. according to entomologists OF
the United States department OF ag-
ticulture. In dwellings and stores the
pests are attacking food supplies, and
eut-of-doors they are protecting aphids
and mealy bugs, which infest cotton.
corn and sugarcane plants. Depart
ment Bulletin No. 3T7. just issued,
suggests control measures for the
ants.
It Is practically certain, states the
bulletin, that the Argentine ant was
introduced into this country at New
Orleans in ships from Brazilian ports.
II was first observed In that city In
1891. and at present II is distributed
throughout portions of nine southern
states. There are three forms Of the
Argentine ant--the worker, the drone
and the Queen-all of dark-brown
color. The worker Is about onc-tenth
inch in length, the male Is somewhat
larger and has wings. while the queen
Is nearly three times as large as the
worker.
Because of its small size and inc0n-
snlcuous color the worker is able to
invade every part Of ordinary build
lngs. ANY exposed food or food refuse
attracts the workers. and the bulletin
states that residents and keepers Of
grocery stores, meat markets. confec-
tionerles, etc, must either suffer con-
siderably or almost constantly use pol
son or barriers Of various kinds. The
farmer. nurseryman. and truck grower
and scale insects and aphIds more
troublesome because Of the protection
the ant gives to insects depositing
honeydew.
Control Measures
Three methods Of controlling the In
sect are discussed in the bulletin
the use Of barriers. poisons and traps.
Ant Barrlers--In grossly Infested
houses much relief may be secured
BY isolating tables, refrigerators,
safes BEDS etc. with blchloride Of
mercury tape. but extreme care should
be taken In using this poison. Placing
the legs Of articles Of furniture In
zaucers tilled with moth balls or coal
oils forms a simple and efficient bar
rler. Trees. beehive stands, and other
outdoor objects may be isolated with
the sticky substance used on fiy paper
but made thinner than usual II 5 per
cent Of carboiized oil be added. the
durability 81 the bands win be consid-
arably increased
Ant polsems.--Strong antimony or
araenlcal slrups. : number Of which
are sold by druggists In infested ter
Fltprles. are used to keep the ants
from buildings. They give quick relief
for short periods. but are not factor
i me reduction Of the lnfestation.
ahs oaly effective pOisons Jet known