davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1916-03-23
[T5e Historic O6ZNS@zO15 % ZGxzs7 eoo-8-oeo
cent and sacred relics Of our land.
Mission Conception.

The Mission Conception Is the best
preserved of all with the exception
of the Alamo. The Conception was
commenced in 1916 and completed in
1881 At first it was a simple struc-
ture Of wood for the Indians knew
nothing even Of wood structure at
that time. and when the priests as
sisted by the soldiers started 20 erect
the log Mission the Indians crept up
and ga2cd in wonder at the work.
Finally they asked permission to help
and this was encouraged by fhe
priests. The padres had little to offer
as wage, but the Indian was easily
satistied--a piece OF red cloth, rev
beads or a colored picture was eagerly
accepted as u days wage. FINALLY,
whom the big shack was finished ana
mass was said before the G'tar. the
Indians listened in wondCrmcut. Thcn
they were eager 20 learn more OF tho
Christ. so if came 10 nasJ that the
good fathers taught them trades as
well as religion as the great stone cdi-
fee will attest. Even in this present
day the building OF structures like
the Conception would be no easy task
without the aid of skilled labor and
machinery. There everything had to
he done by hand and without the as
sistance of machinery except of the
most primitive kind The Mission is
built in the shape OF n cross, with the
towers forming Two wings at the foot
OF the cross. In the rear Is big
Moorish dome entirely different from
| the usual architecture OF Missions.
over the doorway are words which
| translated into English rcad--"With
these arms be mindful to tho Missions
| patroncss and Princess, and defend
| Cor vindicato) tho state of her purity"
! Above this there is a llnottcd scourge
of st. Francis carved into the stone.
Each of tho towers have belfries and
at their bases are rooms about eleven
feet square, the one on the right being
used as u baptiStry and one on the
loft as a vestry. The upper stories OF
tbc towers each have four lookout
windows OF plain Roman arches. The
! .,nils Of the church are about four
feet thick and in the carly days were
! frcscocd with red and blue with bits
! of yellow. This has nearly disap-
peared, Vet the whole outer aspect of
| the church, rising as it does out Of a
wilderness of brush. fills one with 2
sense OF delight Inside. the stone roof
Of the Chapel with its series of arches
and central dome il massive but plain
IT. each wing of the cross are altar
places. and in the wost end is the
choir loft The cast Chapel has been
partially restored and there is figure
of our Lady Of Lourdes back Of the
altar After its restoration in 1881
the Chapei was rcdedicated TO this
particular saint. There are cells
cloisters, and many chambers in tho
Mission proper, but these have fallcr
to decay and arc the home of bats and
owls About the middle of the
eighteenth century the NJ j S $ i o I
Square enclosed about four acres
while the brothers of the Mission
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1916-03-23
he International Syndicate.

era of opportunity for Americas
young men.
Turning the United States navy into
great free technical school is the
principal reason why assertions are
few in number in the Navy these
days and why it is that the Navy is
now recruited up to its full strength
with a waiting list" that will make
rush to get in if Congress gives
the expected word to enroll ten thou
sand more men.
Free technical school, did we say
too? Well I should say so, and then
some. Pretty soft many young
man is tempted to say when a young
man finds that he can not only be
taught an electrical or engineering
profession free OF charge, but that n
kindly somebody is actually going to
pay him for his time while he Is learn
Ing. That is precisely the situation
though, in our Navy. Uncle Sam not
only provides his apprentices with
board, lodging, clothing, medical at
tendance and u certain amount of
FREQ amusement, but he goes n step
farther and pays them a comfortable
wage.
Uncle Sam, Technical SchoOImastcr.
1t is one of the really big things
of the age, the work Uncle Sam Is
doing In coaching the mechanical and
electrical specialists OF our new navy.
1t should perhaps. however, be en-
phasized just here that tho Govern
ment has no enthusiasm for tho idea
OF attempting to make experts out of
absolutely green material.
The officials realize that most OF
tho young men who are saving and
hammering and soldering and install
ing electrical conduits aboard n
"peacemaker" flying the Stars and
Stripes have not taken UP tie navaI
vocation as II life work. They eXpect
them 10 return to civil life after q
time, and they arc well content tc
proceed on that basis. but pcrhap.
for that very reason the naval an.
thorities do not undertake 20 max,
a specialist out of II recruit unless h,
has had some little experience in thu
; trade no inclincs to take up. or a
least displays exceptional aptitude il
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1916-03-23
ClIIIr7RTO| 3pecH%I52DZ<2
ZEe NczpX-- C0lfy EMO
LsLoe~5" Rr7ezar1xr7S22n1er

have an opportunity TO pursue their
practical studies in the great Naval
Gun Factory where the shooting irons
for our warships are manufactured.
Learning From the Inside Out.
1t is not the mere theory of gun
merry that our premier naval special
lists learn during this six months in
the gun shops. They learn the con-
struction of the guns that they are
later 10 clean and repair and fire and
they learn it from the inside out not
from the outside in, as do so many
modern repair men in all lines. To
appreciate the force of the logic that
applies in this matter Of gunnery just
ask II dozen motorists who they pre-
fer to have tinker around their cars
when adjustments are necessary.
Eleven out of the twelve will en-
press a strong preference for the fac
tory-trained mechanic who knows tha
car" as no one can but man who
has had experience in building and as
sembing its various parts.
Precisely the same thing holds gooI
of gunncrs in the |. $. Navy. The
worth of a 100000 dreadnausht
depends on the efficiency of her gun
crews. To make sure of that etfi-
cheney and to make that efficiency we'll
grounded the picked men chosen to
handle the big guns are not allowed
to take posts of responsibility until
they have spent half a year on pro-
baton lin the factory" Here they
take a hand in the making of guns
of all calibres; they grow accus-
toned 20 taking down and reassemb-
ling the most deliCately adjusted
pieces of naval ordnance; and they
gain an intimate knowledge of ammu-
! milton. rounding out their schooling
with a post graduate course at the
nations big smokeloss powder fac
/ tory AT Indian Head, Maryland.
When gunnery specialist has been
/ Through the mill' nothing about
big gun, not even the intricate breecn
mechanism has any tcrrors for him.
/ He has the whole subject at his finger
tips, and he needs It. for upon him
and his fellows devolvcs the task OF
keeping the guns aboard ship in re-
pair. II. during target practice, a
/ spring or a bit of mechanism breafs.
these factory-trained specialists must
be able to go into the ships shops and
forge, finish and install a new piece.
Other naval specialists might DO emu
merated, but these are the principal
ones. in conclusion, however. a pass
ing word of recognition should BE-
given Ia tho torpedo specialists of the
Navy 49, like tho gunncrs, factory
trained. Torpcdocs will play an inn
portant part in the next war, as they
have in the present, and il is comfort
ing to know that the Navy has men
who specialize with respect TO these
cigar shaped messengers of destruc
ton, even as other men specialize or
submarines.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1916-03-23

moro beautiful than those OF the
Golden State.
taHialisT.
Like the Missions of California,
they were built for protection, for
scholastic purposes and for worship.
There the good priests gathered to-
gethcr the Indians and in addition to
teaching them the religion OF Jesus
Christ, the arts Of husbandry and use
full trades; the sheltered the traveller
ana helped those who We're hcsct by
the savage tribes. DuriUg the eight
zenith century the Texas Missions were
busy places and, according to The rec
ordS, were visited by many Spanish
officials, but today they are silent and
deserted, falling to decay and suffer
ing from the vandalism of thought
less tourists who have in some in
stances carried away whole statues and
wrecked splendid old carved cedar
doors by chipping; off pieces of the
wood. Besides this, hundreds OF
names have beer scribblcd on tho
walls, adding to the shameful desc
Grafton of some of the most magnitl
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1916-03-23


If u newcomer in the navy does
qualify he is detailed for a course of
instruction at one or another of the
technical schools which have been cs-
tablished by the Navy Department
system OF schools which proves how
thoroughly Uncle Sam has gone into
this very important sort of prepared
ness. Any electrician by trade who
can pass the examination for entrance
TO the Navy as "a general electrician"
can have course OF instruction at
one or the other OF the Navy clcctri-
cal schools. located at brooklyn, y.
y, and Mare Island, cal. and if he
knows the Morse code and has a smat-
tering of knowledge OF tclccraphy
there Is no reason why tho now re-
/ cruit should not. if he choose. special
lie in radio work--work that is mighty
profitable in this wireless age.
Or, If a young man expects TO make
! his livelihood in the building trades
or as Il building contractor and has
the good sense 10 know that his best
start is under the guidance of Uncle
Sam he can attend tho Navy Artificcr
school at Norfolk, Virginia. whore he
will spend from three to six months
learning 10 be n carpenter. II black
| smith, painter or plumber. OF
course, Uncle sam teaches the re
spectivc trades with an eye. always to
The work TO be performed on ship
board. Tho young carpenter doesn't
spend any time learning how TO build
picket fences. but he docs spend time
learning how to oalk seams in wooden
decks and how TO repair boats, spars
and oars. Tho naval blacksmiths in
tho making give much attention 10
shackling and unshacklng chain; the
painters learn how to paint ships, etc
IOmcIy Pursuits OF Some Naval
! Specialists.
u Here we hayo been chatting a.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1916-03-23

~ ONE, gone for all time is your
A. jolly naval tar who was in lit
" oral truth a jack -all-trades,
49, who could do carpentcring as
we'll as he could splice a rope and
who could solder a pan as readily as
he could furl a sail The versatile
sailor man of yore has been succeed
ed-at least upon our warships-by
Tho naval specialist. II is a most
important phase of preparedness, al
though, withal. a phase that was in
augurated without waiting for the
present European war to disclose it's
need.
Seamen--able seamen they always
are in stories-are about as scarce
these days on a highly organized float
ing fortress as unskilled laborers are
I'm an automobile plant. The modern
warship has no sails and there are
ingenious burden bearers for doing
the heavy work such as hosting
aboard ammunition and lowering away
boats, so that you see there is really
small need for the old-time handy
man who sailed before the mast. But
in her new status of gigantic ma
chino shop, the modern battleship has
need of no end or men VINO know
now to manipulate metals; who car
quickly repair any mechanical device
and who know as much about tho
magic current and liquid fuel ant
compressed air and internal combus
ton engines as the old-time tar die
about wind and wave and the sway
ing topmast. Hence. exit tho hero
of The clipper ship; enter the skilled
artisan who has his work bench be
low the watcrline.
Opportunities of This Era.
But don't get the idea that becaus
Uncle Sam requires AL these cam,
era ftsmcn 20 keep tho wheels turn
ing in his new drcadnaughts he Is Il
the habit Of going into the open hcl'
Of Industry and saying to the butcher
:,o bukcr and the candlcstick maker
"Nou must give mo your best men. be
causc need thcm in nay business q
p"cpuring for war" Not bit OF it, o.
llo contrary, Uncle Sum is trainin
his naval specialists. And just her
| S. found tho explanation of why thi
new era of naval specialization is a
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1916-03-23
AISCTrNCEIe3p eCZdZI3I,
ZsIsRho1x1S or RzIfNs5>hz0
Gun Play by Specialists.

Specialization is universal in the |.
S. Navy, these days, but in this brlet
summary concentrated effort III many
different directions We have. / fear
been putting the cart before the horse
il such a smile can be employed IN
connection with maritime topic.
Prcsuma bly, the chief business OF n
fighting ship is to fight and yet we
have been neglecting that phase OF
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1916-03-23
re TIIG0<2lC.TIHX21
.|ZEY2oGIeT ~ G/5e/zN5y2Ior
.2<" /GxG7.1,- E2XX/E Z7TH
Picturesque Franciscan
Missions Which Are To
Be Restored In Time for
the Celebration Of the
Two Hundredth Ami.
versary Of the City Of
San Antonio.

Copyright. 1916. ny The International
Syndicate,
R7 HEN one speaks OF the old
Missions of the United states.
those Of California ere sup
I" posed 20 he meant. yet
Wherever the Spanish explorer went
fnd left settlements there you Will find
hese monuments established through
| he horoism ard solf-sacIifice OF the
Spanish padres who founded and
|maintaincd these Missions for the
Spread of the Christian religion.
Texas was first under Spanish con-
| rol and later passed under the do
|ninior of Mexico. IN The southern
pr southwestern part of that great
State may be found still existing evil
|lcnces OF tho old Spanish rule and
customs and not the least interesting
"f these arc the Missions located o
|.hort distance from the delightful lit
BE city of San Antonio Because of
! he climate in this section the pla ce
bf the Missions was known in the
|rarly days rs the Valley of the Hearts
Delight. and here the Franciscan Fa-
thcrs came two hundred years ago
with Bible in one hand and a sword
bn the other, battling against heavy
|pdds TO establish the Christian religion
BIZ this Wilderness. The climate was
h)ot unlike that of Mexico and the good
kuartc-s nj san Antonio.
Tho Alamo.
Their trst Mission was the Alamo
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1916-03-23

moro beautiful than those OF the
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1916-03-23

Copyright. 1916. ny The International
Syndicate.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1916-03-23

have an opportunity TO pursue their
practical studies in the great Naval
Gun Factory where the shooting irons
for our warships are manufactured.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1916-03-23

HEN one speaks OF the oil
Missions of the United state:
those Of California ere sup
posed 20 he meant, ye
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1916-03-23
Experts All, Aboard Our Warships, Instead Of the
Jacks. of- All.Trades Of Former Years Tars
That Know One Thing and Know 1t Well
Uncle Sans School for Specialists.
Copyright. 1916. by Th

Copyright. 1H1G, by The
y ONE, gone for all time is your
. jolly naval tar who was in lit
cral truth n jack Of all-trades,
- who could do carpentcring as
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-12-22
The Anti Speakers

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: In last Sundays Tribune, Miss Alice
Duer Miller has this TO say: "The list Of
Ant, speakers is often proud and great a
Cardinal. a General, Senator Of weight.
The Ants have always said that if women
deserted their domestic duties for these pub
lie activities, men. would have to stay at
home. And these gentlemen stayed al home. "
Cardinal Gibbons. Senator Elihu Root and
General Leonard Wood we're present at the
Anti-Sufrage Convention in Washington by
proxy, and their statements concerning
woman suffrage and the proposed Federal
suffrage amendment were read By personal
representatives.
In the three most important branches of
their country's business, these gentlemen are
rendering priceless service. They are doing
mans work in its most splendid expression.
There are constant public demands upon their
time; and though sufragists may not realize
il, they, as women, are reapng the benefit of
that service, as well az OF the service of a
great many other men who agree with Car
dnal Gibbons and Senator Root concerning
the true dignity of woman
CHARLOTTE E. ROWE.
Yonkers, y. Y, Dec 20, 1916.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-12-22

obliged 10 discount international reason
ableness and good nature and to antic'-
nate the worst from our neighbors rather
than the best. Our only security lies IN
insuring ourselves against the sort OF I'M
reason and passion which plunged Europe
into war.
Conditions have changed rapidly, even
since the European war began. a year
ago the War College experts estimated
that a military establishment capable OF
producing 100000 trained soldiers at the
outbreak Of a war and 100000 more within
ninety days thereafter, would serve the
needs Of the United States. Now the War
College estimates that 100000 trained
soldiers ought to be available at the begin
ming Of a war and 100000 more within
the following three months.
II we are 70 maintain force at all APP
preaching this in size il is plain that the
volunteer principle will have TO be aoan-
doned. and abandoned all along the line.
There would be no advantage any longer
in maintaining two kinds of arnnes-one
of regular troops recruited on the volun-
teer plan and serving for relatively high
nav and another much larger army serv-
ing under conscription for merely nominal
pay. The permanent professional force
would have to consist merely OF oihcers
and non-commssioned officers. The rank
and file would have to constitute really
national army. the men passing through a
year or two years of training. and then
into civil life as a reserve. That is the
system of every country which has laid a
secure foundation of military defence
1t is just as well TO face this logical out
come now when plans are being made IN
Congress for applying the principle OF uni
versal compulsory service. Our experience
on the Mexican border has demonstrated
the pitiful failure of the Hay law, not IN
one respect only. but in all respects. We
know that the state militia organizations
are unfit to be incorporated into the hrst
line with regular troops. We know that
the liberalization of the state guards was
a colossal blunder. But we know also that
the Hay plan for expanding the regular
army is unavoidable. There is no longer
any hope of recruiting even the inadequate
Hay first line up TO its authorized strength.
1t would be worse than folly to 60 on de-
pending on voluntary enlistments TO re
cruit any first line regular army which
will correspond in size to the country's
needs.
Let US begin at the bottom, therefore,
with army reconstruction. Whatever
force we are to have, let it be truly ma
tiona force, composed Of men drawn auto
matically from the population eligible to
active military service and performing
that service not as a means Of livelihood
but as primary obligation of citizenship.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-12-22
Pensions Decreasing
From The Washin0iou Posi-


While army and navy appropriations are
constantly increasing, the time is near at
hand when there will be an ofrsetting saving
in the pension roll.
As the Civil War was left further behind
the pension bill gradually increased until the
topmost figure was reached few years ago.
Now the expenditures for pensions gradually
are decreasing.
Although the estimates OF appropriations
required for the Pension Bureau this year
amount to sl55,56OO 900. there has been de-
crease of $2,505,000 This decrease is in the
face of the fact that $50 monthly pensions
were awarded at the last session to seventy
year-od widows OF soldiers OF the Civil and
the Mexican wars.
The ranks Of the Civil War veterans gradu-
ally are thinning, and when it is realized that
more than fifty years have passed since the
war and that all the soldiers were more than
fifteen years Of age when the war began. il
can be seen that there will be sharp reduc-
ton in the pension roll from this time for
ward
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-12-22

rizod as slang and In the mouths OF most
practitioners serve only as substitutes Tor
thinking.
Where did YOU find that word? Is 1t IN
the dictionary? Has it the backing of good
authority? Such questions are indeed
hostile 10 word creation. as was well OBJ
served by another eminent professor, the
late editor of the New English Diction-
arv. Or. 10 quote hardly less eminent
professor. we must not be too particular
about origins. since there never was time
or place in which and at which Roots were
founded This only means that we still
live in the creative period of language,
and if that is what Mr.. Eastman was
irving to prove he comes long after the
professors.
But he was evidently trying 70 prove
something besides Of indeed he was trying
70 do ANYTHING but air his wit and spright-
lness). for he falls into an elaborate
defence of the occupational cant of sport
ing critics. who by the narrowness of their
field are in fact forced Tor think they are)
to seek elegant variations that they may
avoid tedious repetition. Their inventions
are commonly on a par with those of the
weather men who for so many years have
tried to brighten the dull records of the
meteorological station with sly references
to Old Sol. General Humidity, j. Pluvius,
eta form of elegance which Mr.. East
man would perhaps allow TO be little
lower than Milton.
To conclude. In so far as his observa-
tons on slang are not trite and obvious
they would serve, p,tt0tis mutondiS, as a
defence of Marie Corelli and all that school
of writer's who WITTY their prose by CON
slant reference TO the Dictionary of Fa-
miliar Quotations.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-12-22
An All-Citizen Army

in the light Of Great Britains eXperl-
once since August, 1914-in the light Of all
american experience in past wars and IN
the light Of our experience in the half
vars. or near wars, which we have re-
certify been conducting with MeXico-there
can be no gainsaying the statements OF
Major General Wood and Major General
Scott that the voluntary military system
has been an unqualified failure.
From the military point Of view the vol
unteer system has proved TO be utterly
inefficient 1t is indispensable, unmanage-
able and grossly extrayagant. 1t does not
produce troops in the number needed or
with the even training which is indis-
pensable. The breakdown Of the mobi-
ization attempted on the Mexican border
last summer was, as General Wood Justly
says, "a tragedy"
From the democratic point Of view the
volunteer system is also a mlsht. II
ignores the fundamental democratic prin-
ciple Of equality Of obligation. II encour-
ages Sinking, responsibility and bad
IltlZclSniD II titiONo al UNI ar ~ N''
On the few VINO arc willing to qualify and
excites in the minds or the vast majority
who avoid qualifying feeling Of patron
ling contempt for military discipline and
military duty.
Up TO two years and half ago we were
living contentedly in fools paradise, so
far as military preparedness was con
cerned. We believed that our geographical
isolation stil protected US and that even
though we could not defend ourselves
against the attack Of any first class mill
tary power We were amply guaranteed
against such an attack by the growing re-
gard among nations for the sacredness Of
the principle Of international arbitration.
But now we know that we live in world in
which we are surrounded on all sides by
possible enemies and that national safety
can be guaranteed only by the development
Of an adequate means Of defence. For
merly we acted on the theory that other
nations would be too reasonable or too
eood-uatured 10 attack us. Now we are