davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-17
HOLDS OPEN MEETING.
Social Club of the Hebrew Home
Entertains.

varied program Of entertainment
and the enrolment of a number of new
members featured the open meeting of
the Social Club Of the Hebrew Home.
held yesterday afternoon at its quar-
tiers, Ais M street northwest
Those taking part included Miss Ger
trdue Prender. Miss Irene Goldstein,
Morris Shefferman, DR.. Benjamin New
house, Miss Sadie Krupsaw, Miss Min
ME Tauber, Miss B. H. Franker and A.
kaminsky. The clubs efforts are de-
voted entirely to the interests of the
home.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-17
Tour of Delegates Ends.

BOSTON, January 1.-THE official
tour of the delegates to the recent
anAmerican Scientific Congress-. in
Washington, came to a close yesterda v
when the party, numbering more than
100, who have been visiting this city
for the last two days, left for New
York. Many of them will return AT
once to their homes. but others will
see some of the western cities before
sailing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-17
Christian Tombs in Old Carthag..

PARIS. January 1.-THE discovery
on the site Of ancient Carthage is an
nounced of several Christian tombs,
among them a marble sarcophagus,
containing the body of a woman, richly
adorned with jewels. The ornaments
included an emerald and ruby neck
lace, clasps Of uncut precious stones,
massive gold pins. buckles and rings
and other articles Of value which were
sewn on the clothing Of the woman.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-17
Rev. Dr.. David B. Eddy breaches

Rev. DIR. David Brewer Eddy of Bos-
ton one of the secretaries of the Amer
lean board of commissioners for for
eign missions of the Congregational
Church, preached at the services at
First Congregational Church, 10th and
G streets northwest. last night. While
in Washington for few days Rev. DR.
Eddy is to speak at several other
churches.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-17
ALL FOREIGNERS
IN MADEIRA SAFE
Those Reported Killed by Mex
leans Heard From Over
the Telephone.
THE ALIENS IN PARRAL
Determined TO REMAIN
Train Bringing Three Americans
From Chihuahua Arrives at Ell
Paso After 30-Hour Trip.

CHIHUAHUA CITY, Mexico. January
17-All Americans and other foreign
ers at MADEIRA. in western Chihuahua,
are safe. according to a telephone mes
sage received from Cusihuiraichic.
These include Roy and Bart Kramer,
who. with their father, DR.. r. P. Kra-
mer, ranchman, were reported to have
been slain by Villa troops. The cattle
men, Ben Smell and Frank Woods, and
James Locke, an employe of the Bah
ricora ranch, concerning whom there
was much apprehension, were reported
to have arrived at La Junta. Later, 1t
was said. the Kramers. with Woods and
Smell, went to the mountains to bring
out Dr. Kramer. They are expected
back at La Junta today. DR.. Kramer.
who was reported to have been killed,
was shot in the leg by Villa men, and
hid in the hills while his sons went to
MADEIRA for help.
The special train sent from Ell Paso
to Parral to take out foreigners there
will leave today with all Americans and
their families. A majority of foreign
ers in this city have indicated an inten-
ton to remain, since the excitement
and apprehension incident to the Santa
Ysabel massacre has died down. The
Santa Eulalia mines may remain open.
These will furnish work for local Mexi-
cans.
Thirty Hours From Chihuahua.
Ell PASO, January 17.-Bringing
three Americans, including Mr.. and
missionaries, train arrived at Juarez
late last night from Chihuahua City.
The train was thirty hours making the
journey of 30 miles.
Fl. c. Myles, British consular repre-
sentative here, has received instruc-
ton from Ambassador Cecil Spring
Rice to notify vice consuls in northern
Mexico to notify British subjects to
concentrate at railroad points, SO they
might get out of Mexico promptly If
occasion should arise.
for C. r. Watson, general manager of
the Cusihuiraichic Mining Company.
and for r. P. Machatton of Los Ange-
les, two of the victims of the Santa
Ysabel massacre.
Watson's young son, in the uniform
of Los Angeles military academy,
was saluted by United States regulars
rs he marched in the procession of
members of the Masonic order who ac-
companied the body to the grave.
Two Villa Officers Executed.
Two Villa officers. Col Miguel Baca
Wales and Lieut. Col. Enrique Cisneros,
were executed at Guzman, near Palo-
mas, Chihuahua, yesterday, according
to advices received today from Casas
Grandes, by Gen. Gabriel Gavira, Car
rama commandment here. Two other
Villa generals with small bands are
said to have sought amnesty. Col.
Wales. according to Mexican officials,
was the leader of bandits who terror
lied Durango and Chihuahua before
the Madero revolt. He was held re-
sponsibLe for the killing of Jose Bo-
males Sandoval, private secretary to
Gen. Porflrio Diaz, several years ago.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-17
Secretary Lansing's Letter.
Prize Courts Interpret Rights.

The prize courts of belligerents have
thus become the interpreter of bellig-
erent rights and neutral obligations
and their interpretations evidence an
unconscious prejudice arising from
overappreciation of the needs of the
belligerant. Writers on international
law have relied upon these prize court
decisions in dealing with the subject of
neutrality so that they have laid down
rules formulated indirectly from a bel
ligerent's point of view. Thus, judicial
decisions, text writer's and internal
tional agreements have given all the
advantage to the belIigerent and have
shown little regard for the rights of
neutrals.
1T would appear that it is time to re-
verse this process of treatment of the
subject of neutrality and to deal with
it from the point of view of the neutral
| would. therefore, suggest that com
mittee be appointed to study the prob
lem of neutral rights and neutral du-
ties, seeking to formulate in terms the
principle underlying the relations of
belligarency to neutrality, rather than
the express rules governing the con-
duct of nation at war to a nation at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-17
Two Villa officers Executed.
Citizens May Kill Bandits.

LAREDO. Tex. January 17.-Any cit
izen has a right to shoot those bandits
who participated in the massacre of
American mining men near Santa
Ysabel, Chihuahua, last week, according
to an order issued by Gen. Venustiano
Carranza at Queretaro. before the head
of the de facto government moved his
headquarters to Ce1aya.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-17

Atlantic Coast Line. IN. y. &. Florida
Special" SIS pm. daily. other all
steel ltd. trains daily. 1906 n. Y ave. NV.
advertisement.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-17
Present Time Opportune.

I'm view of the past year and half
of war the present time seems partic-
ularly opportune to study this question,
and this institute, being composed of
members from neutral nations, Is espe-
cially fitted to do this from the proper
point of view and with the definite pur-
pose of protecting the liberty of neu-
trails from unjustifiable restrictions on
the high seas and from the imposition
of needless burdens in preserving their
neutrality on land"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-17
SEES NEUTRAL RIGHTS
IGNORED DURING WAR
Secretary Lansing Suggests Study
of Question by Institute of
International Law.

A study of neutral rights and duties,
with a view to reversing the tradi-
tional processes of defining neutrality
which have given all the advantage
to the belligerent and have shown lit
tie regard for the rights of neutrals,"
Is suggested by Secretary Lansing as
one of the first duties of the newly
formed American Institute of Interna-
tional Law. in a letter sent by the
Secretary to DIR. James Brown Scott,
president of the institute.
Mr.. Lansing is one of the five United
States members of the institute, which
was organized during the Pan-Ameri-
can Scientific Congress here, and in
which all of the American republics
are represented.
Secretary Lansing's Letter.
His letter said:
AT the first meeting of the institute
I had the honor to direct attention to
the imperfect code of rules which de-
fine and govern the relations between
belligerents and neutrals. These rules
which have grown up during the past
125 years. and have been in some cases
differently Interpreted by courts of diff
ferent countries, have been frequently
found Inadequate to meet new condi-
lions of warfare, and as a result every
war has changed. modified or added to
the rules, generally through the process
of judicial decisions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-17
Relief Sent From Christiania.

Full details of the fire at Bergen are
still lacking, owing to Interruptions to
the telegraph lines. The battleship
Eidsvold has gone to Bergen with pro-
visions and clothing and a corps of en-
gineers to build sheds for the home
less people. The king and the war
minister also have gone to the scene.
Bergen is one of the oldest and most
picturesque towns in Norway, and it
ranks first of the Norwegian ship-own-
ing centers. 1t is well built on a billy
peninsula and is situated at the end of
deep bay of the Atlantic 100 miles
northwest of Christiania. Through
Bergen passes large part of the for
Ieign trade of Norway. Fleets of YES
sells bring the produce of the northern
fisheries to the seaport.
Bergen has repeatedly suffered from
fire, as in 1902 and 1855, and the broad
open spaces which interrupt the streets
are intended as safeguard against
the spread of flames. Many of the
houses still are timber built and paint
ed white.
The chief buildings in the city are the
national museum, large public library.
the cathedral and marine biologic
station
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-17
For Sale or Exchange for
Washington Real Estate Clear
Farm of rs Acres at Arundel
Station, Maryland

Located on main line of Penn. R.
R., II miles from Washington; Dor
ders three-quarters of mile on the
Patuxent river; about Us acres clear
ed and arabic land, balance timber.
About one-half of total acreage in
first bottom land, very fertile, lies
level about 10 feet above high water
on river; balance second bottom land,
about 10 feet higher. Good farm
house of 9 rooms; some outbuildings,
but no barn; orchard of Is large trees !;
fine spring at house; entire first bot
tom can be irrigated through creek,
which runs through the property, at
almost no expense. Fine chance for
trucking, alfalfa or hogs. Adjoining
land has been selling for over $4,000
per acre. About 100000 worth Of
wood ready to cut. Will sell at an
extremely low figure.
Only $1z,OOO.OO
Full particulars, apply J. H. Hines,
37A JoceIyn St, Chevy Chase, D. c.
Phone Cleveland 567.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-17
BUREAU Of STANDARDS
IN NEED OF MORE HELP
Director stratton Says Work There
Is Handicapped-Increased Sal
aries Also Sought.

Though the annual report of Director
s. w. Stratton of the bureau of stand
ards shows a wide range of testing
work done during the year, the director
says that the bureau has been handi-
capped by lack of help, and he suggests
an increase in the personnel. He also
recommends increased salaries for the
heads of the various divisions.
These POSITIONS he says in his re-
port recommending increased salaries.
Involve the responsible administration
of the several lines of the bureau tech
meal activities. The compensation is
not adequate either in view of the
duties involved, the order of ability re-
quired or in comparison with similar
grades elsewhere. These include the
chief physicist, chief chemist, the ply
sicists, secretary and chief mechani-
clan.
Several increases are submitted for
the skilled workers in the operative
and construction staff, namely the
glassworker, the glassbloWer and the
skilled woodworker. An increase in
these salaries is desirable, as their rate
of pay is below the average standard
for such services elsewhere. An esti-
mate is also submitted for an increase
for the assistant engineer, who is in
direct charge of the engineering plant
and the systems of heat, light and ven
tilation connected Herewith.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-17
Two Thousand Made Home
less in Principal Sea-
port of Norway.
CONFEDERATION IS WORST
IN THE NATIONS HISTORY
Big Warehouses Filled With Pro-
visions for Supplying Surround
ing Country Are Swept Away.

CHRISTIANIA, Norway, January 1s
via London, January IA third of
the city of Bergen. a thriving Nor
10000. was destroyed last night by
fire. Two thousand persons are home
less. The property damage is esti-
mated at $15.000,O0O.
The confagration is said to be the
worst ever recorded in Norway. The
business section. with its old whole
sale houses. several of the largest of
the hotels. a number Of schools. the
electric plant and banks and newspa-
per buildings. was the part burned.
Food Supply Burned.
The difficulties of the 1000 persons
now without homes were increased by
the fact that the largest storage
houses, filled with provisions for sup
plying the surrounding country, were
burned down. 1t is harder to obtain
groceries today than at any time since
the outbreak of he war
Bergen never was so Furnishing as at
the beginning of the present year.
these conditions being due largely to
the increased merchant marine.
The fire started Saturday evening in
an ironmonger's shop. and. famed by
a hurricane. the flames spread rapidly
and soon enveloped all the business
portion of the city.
All the largest buildings, including
hotels. newspaper Office and telegraph
and telephone exchanges, were de-
stroyed. The telegraph officials worked
bravely in sending messages until their
lines were broken.
The f1remen endeavored to circum-
scribe the area of the fire, but their
task was hopeless. In order to pre-
vent a further spread of the confla-
grafton they finally blew up buildings
on the outer edge of the path of the
flames. Late reports say that no lives
were lost
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-17
Work outgrows Resources.

During the past two years the bu-
reau's work has grown far more rap
idly than it's resources. This is espe
cially true in consultation and testing
work for the government In several
sections of the bureau it has been nee
essary to suspend all Investigations in
order to care for the testing of ma
terials purchased on government con-
tracts. This would not be SO serious If
suitable specifications and methods of
testing were in existence for the wide
range of materials to be tested, but it
can truly be said that such is the case
in only a very limited number of ma
terials. 1t is felt that this situation
can be remedied to large extent by
la reasonable increase in the minor as
sistants, such as apprentices, aids and
assistants up to and including the grade
of s1400 A few of these men in each
section could almost double the bu-
reau's output of testing, and, what is
still more important, allow more time
on the part of advanced men for the
improvement of methods and speciflca-
tons"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-17
PALMISTRY.

HAVE YOUR HAND READ BY MIR. DAOUD,
the well known scientific palmist.
Readings. 81. only by appointment.
Phone North 1850. Studio 1872 . st. NV
CONSULT ZANCIG. r rAEMISo5
READINGS ONE DOLLAR.
STUDIO. 3O4 I4th ST. NV. Phone NJ. 4419.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-11
lila Must Follow
 in Steps of Huerta

After brief cabinet meeting at hich the President was described as eing determined to eliminate Villa as } was to eliminate Huerta. Secretary aker hurried to the war department Id as his first act in uffice sent or brs to the border troops.
 Soon afterward the army general aff assembled and conferred over the ans, long drawn and perfected since Se Mexican situation ioomed up as a sturber to- the peace of the United ates.
 General Funston telegraphed, urging +most secrecy of the arny's plans. The brder is .honeycombed with Mexican 0N and @it was agreed that the ex- Ax @on would be pushed to success \. .AApin9 Villa and his men ignor-
 yof It's movements. It Is possible
 no correspondents will be per
 (ted to accompany the column. At
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-11
Summary of the News
GENERAL NEWS

GENERAL NEWS Page 1--Americnn punitive expedition
 to go into Mexico today to cap
 turc Villa dead alive. JA Funston will be allowed free hand ip leading expedition.
 Vfiln reported to be making fos American settlement at Casas
 Grandes to massacre .IOrmOns. | Carranxa regrets Wilson hss seut s troops across the border. Page 2-Additional details of Mexican i situation. r STATE NEWS Paxc l--Defionstration agents meet al I Dem0pO1is.
 .age 3--Y. M. (. X. officials ncc: nt
 HuntsxtlIe health ,nIcee resisns. l Page 12-Plan memorial librery mt the l University. I'asc 5NHarding sounds nate of warn- l ing against tacscasing cotton
 acreage. l Take steps to $tvp use of streets l ~ for freight traff ,. 1 Kennedy demands retraction by l Carnley.
 Dopalno playing pr shtbited.
 Iruss wants more money on the 1 streets. l Bsrber suggests haviny censor for | the moving pictures. Page ix--NnIton case will reach jury I this morning. I FEATURES Page 2-Nevxa York stsries by Bir- l minGham man. l Page 3-HOlland lette.. Es 9& 12-SpciaI servsce department. Page 4-EdftOrial comment. Page 0-sQcinI and DSils DnIrymple. 1 Page 11-Mnrkets. ! SPORTING NEWS Pare 8-Nevvs arrivala fncrease BarOns' !! training camp I Travellers begin .p-ing training. | Utility man or pitcher problem fnc- ! ing Elberfeld. Critics diaaGree m condition Ol
 Willard: < .sss V y s..l <. s,.s ... ;.
 Chicks held Initial workout.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-11
Carrdnzd Regrets Step Taken By President In
 Sending After Villa

and Pilares De Nacorazi Sonora ar rived here late today. They were sent out by the management of the mining companies at those places. number of American women still remained at Fl Tigre, a mining camp in eastern so- nora.
 The local company of the Arizona Ma tional Guard was being recruited tos full war strength tonight.
 Although General Gales has refused to comment upon the action of President Wilson in ordering a punitive expedi- tion of United States troops into Mex ico to capture Villa. he indicated de- sire to cooperate with American sol- diers in this task.
 General Gales dispatched Colonel Campbell with patrol of 100 cavalry from Agua Prieta late today with or ders to enter Chihuahua in an endeavor to locate the Villa bandits. Colonsl Campbell was instructed to co-operata in every way possible with the United States border partol
 The departure of 1000 Mexican cavalry and infantry from Hermosillo for Aeua Prieta. from which point they will be distributed along the eastern Sonorn border to guard mining camps. was de- layed until today. They had been expeot-
 <Centinuea sn' Pass rwsA
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-11
CONDEMNED IN EYES OF PROHIBITIONISTS
 BY 25-YEAR-OLD ACT
Once Advocated Before the Massachusetts Legislature Some Laws on Subject. Recalled by Steerer
By HUGH ". ROBERTS

Washington, March 1o.--(Special.)--I 1t E. Rice, Birmingham politicians and cor poration attorneys, were actuated in their opposition to Louis D. Brandeis for req sons other than his allegiance to the cause of the people? This question is regarded as pertinent in view of the fact that the prohibition party is now endeay- bring to prevent the confirmation of Mir. Brandeis. who has been appointed by President Wilson to fill the vacancy on the bench of the supreme court.
 As is remembered when the appointment of the Boston attorney was announced, corporation lawyers in every state of the uniorr volloyed their protests. Alabama. and Birmingham were not exceptions. Among those who urged senators to op- pose the confirmation of Brandeis were MT. Burr and MT. Rice. The wonder Is whether they opposed him solely on the ground of his alleged anti incorporation tendencies or neither his other alleged offenses--namely, that he is 8 local op- tionist. served as coordinate inspiration
 Color to the theory is given when it is recalled that Alabama prohibitionists in what has been termed "scurrilous and inexcusable attack against Senator Un- derwood, demonstrated their never-dying hatred of every individual who does not subscribe to their paternoster.
 25-YEAR-OLD CRIME
 The offense which, in the eyes of the rrohibitionists. renders MT. Brandeis morally and intellectually disqualified to fill the office the President would give him, was committed in 1891 Mir. Bran deis appeared in that year before the legislature of Massachusetts as an at torney for certain liquor organizations Because of his argument then delivered. the Rev. James Cannon. IT,, chairman of the legislative committee of the Anti Saloon league. has contended pefore senate committee that MT. BrandeAs might not be able to render unbiased opinion on the bench of the supreme court
 That argument which, in the opinion of the Cannonites, condemns MT Bran deis. and which was delivered before tho Ma ssachusetts legislature % years ago, follows:
 Tt has been said here by the other side; Make an iron-clad rule, as unreasonable as it must be, but do not leave any dis cretion to the licensing boards, becauss the liauor dealers are immensely potent in politics. Undoubtedly they have in- fiuence; but do you think that 1t IS an accident that the liquor dealers are potent in politics, that it is the liquor dealers who are in politics, rather than the bakers, the butchers. the tailors, or the shoemakers They are in politics becausc such agitation as this has put them thers;
 (Continued on Page Tweive)
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-11

of troops by the tens of thousands in- stead of regiments. Figures as to the force the committee thought necessary for operations of this character were not revealed. Immediately after they were submitted to Secretary Baker, however, the latter arranged his conference with President Wilson and laid the whole sit uation before the commander-in-chief.T The Presidents decision apparently is sum- marized in Secretary Bakers statement. which follows
 There is no intention of entering Mex ico by force. A sufficient body of mobile troops will be sent in to locate and dis perse or capture the band of bandits that attacked Columbus. So soon as the forces of the de facto government can take control of the situation, any forces of the United States then remain ing in Mexico will. of course, be with drawn. The forces of the United States now on the border will be immediately recruited, but only for the purpose of safeguarding the territory of the United States from further raids"
 VILLA HAS 5000 MEN
 Some appreciation of the problem con fronting General Funston may be gath cred from the information in possession of war and state department officials as to conditions across the border. Gen eral Funston telegraphed conservative estimate of Villas forces today at 5000 men. Other reports indicate that he has 5000. Villa is understood. however. to be short of arms and ammunition, which may prove an important factor in the struggle to come.
 < Whether Villa will concentrate his fol-
 (Csntiausd sa Pass I've,