davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04
Are We Prepared?
AL PROTECTION PER MILE OF COAST LINE.

,nanruvre for few days at least-without
having to be conveyed to port.
Even the l. type which in the past we
have considered about as perfect as any OF
our submarines, are now found to be de-
tectivc.
We have two mine layers, one to cover the
thousands Of miles of the Atlantic Coast
line and one for the thousands OF miles or
the Pacific. Each mine layer has but few
hundred mines. Germany had about l9,oOO
mines when the war began. and evidently
laid about 1000 or more in the North
Sea for the purpose Of destroying British
commerce.
The American nation wishes no navy for
the purpose of waging a war of aggression
against any nation We wish navy for the
purpose Of supporting our policy and de-
Tending ourselves Such defence must pre-
vent other nations from bombarding our
cities or landing troops on our coasts. As
the nature Of our shores permits landing OF
troops practically anywhere along our coast
line, the primal purpose OF our navy IS to
defend our coast.
From the defensive standpoint therefore
a navy is Of value proportionately to the
length of its coast line; navy is of value IN
proportion to the population OF the country
it has to defend-if the commerce OF that
country is destroyed all the people will
suffer- and a navy is Of value in proportion
to the area of the country it has to defend,
inasmuch as the value of areal products will
decrease in proportion to interference with
the countrys international trade This is
the only true way of valung navy.
Germany has a coast line OF 900 mi es;
Great Britain and Ireland have coast line
of 800 miles; Japan has a coast line OF
$500 miles From the defensive standpoint
(as we have an enemy in the ORIENT
our coast line stretches from Maine to
Florida. from Florida to Mexico. from
Mexico to Porto Rico and from Porto Rico
to Panama; on the west from lower Cali
fornia to British Columbia along the shores
Of Alaska; and then there are the Hawaiian
Islands, Guam and the Philippine Islands
The Hon. Henry L. Stimson. ex-Secretary OF
War. states that the coast line we must de
fend equals 2 900 miles. Comparing the
greater population of the United States with
that of other countries. its greater territory
with theirs, its greater coast line with theirs
our navy is pitiably small and inefficient
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04

Hotel Aston stat. I'VE are expecting
the order 20 start any moment now,
he wrote THE night is very dark. and
20 the north We can JUST barely see the
glow Of the flares lighting up the line
OF trenches. Ne~v soon we shall be over
them" The letter ended abruptly, with
d hurriediv scrawlcd signature.
Yesterday the letter arrived. ad-
dressed IN German scr.pt and bearing
an English censor's seal Il contained
two Enclosures The first. which was
written IN German. said: Il found this
letter in the clothes o. French OBJ
server. whose aerOplauc was brought
down behind our lines last night, and
am sending % on 90 you bccaus" re
member having mct you once New
York Under the circum stance. ! can
rot tell YOU my name. bus am sure
YOU Will remember me f We should
ever meet. The Frencfman is injured.
but not badly. Tie VIII recover Inc
next time am over French territory |
VIII drop the letter, hoping that some
ore win find u and mail it
Inc rccoIN iNt lNeAi' va ii." Wv
English censor. Il said: Il also re
member meeting YOU, Mr.. GARNER. Two
years ago / arranged with you for a
banquet in the Aston hope that SONS
time 20 the future and soon-that We
may all meet again. and as friends
The German aviator. after finding the
letter In lie Calls clothes. seemingly
took part boz the aeroplane raid on Eng
land. dropping the letter there. since u
bears an English cancellation mark.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04
United States
Japan
Great Britain
Germany

TAST light cruisers most important
not only in protecting other ships OF the
feet. but. ADORE all, in protecting coast
lines Yet we have but three up-to-date
ones to aid us in protecting thousands OF
miles Of the Atlantic Coast. thousands OF
miles of the Pacific Coast and both entrances
Of the Panama Canal.
This leaves our feet peculiarly lacking in
this element so necessary for information IN
a naval campaign, and OF such great value
in opening and protecting routes OF trade
for our own commerce. and prohibiting such
routes to the commerce Of the enemy
Leading the torpedo hotilla came the
Birmingham. a sad reminder that we have
only three light cruisers OF considerable
speed. and these vessels compared to the
numerous craft Of this type in the British and
German navies. would present sorry con
trast in their relatively low speed and weak
armament
We have not a single fast scout boat built
or even authorized since 1904. The three
we have are not armed adequately and are
too slow for use. None Of them have ever
made more than twenty-six knots. Up to the
present time we have not been able TO secure
hremen able TO live before their furnaces. tor
whenever there is little wind they draw
into the faces of the hremen. instead OF up
ward into the stacks.
England and Germany have been adding
scout cruisers at the rate Of from three to
eight each year Each is able to make
thirty knots or more an hour. Before the
war Germany had fourteen and Great
Britain thirty-one.
The less said about our submarines, the
better.
Nearly year ago. Commander Sterling
testified that one out of the twelve on the
Atlantic Coast could efficiently take part IN
the manouvTes at sea.
In the spring manruvres this year, all OF
our oood submarines. excepting one, were
again unable to continue their operation be-
cause OF some accident or other. In the
October manGuvres oil, ercept one, were
again conveyed to the navy yards, because
something" happened to their engines or
other machinery.
But new submarine has just been
launched Assuming that this one .cal work,
we have evidently but two submarines on
the Atlantic Coast north of Panama able to
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04
Edinburgh and Leith
Raided by ZeppellnS

Berlin, April 3 by wireless to say
vile. y. .),-Edinburgh and Leith,
dock establishments on the Firth OF
Forth and important .hipbuilding works
on the Tyne we're attacked in last
nights Zeppelin raid over England and
scotland, the Admiralty announced to-
day.
There were numerous fires and vio-
lent explosions. A battery near New
castle was silenced All the Zeppelins
returned safely. c..
The Official German account OF S"t-
urday nights Zeppelin rad over Eng
land follows: ,a,s,
si,sbiDs renewed the attack on the east
coast Of England. For period OF one
snd one-half hours explosive ana IT.
cendiary bombs were thrown on DI"st
furnaces. large iron works ana III
dps,rial establishments on the south
bank OF the Tee and on the port estao-
Nsbnents Of Marlborough and sun
de,land Large explosions, fires and
denolitions were caused. and the sue
c.ssful effect. o. the attack were eIeaf-
y noticeable. - .h,ll;,g Of
Notwithstanding heavy sne'HHs "
our airships. they suffered neither
loses nor DAMAGE n-a
Berlin's statement regarding 'he 'hi'u
raid - as follows. -
"For the third time German ar; arr
hin soundron attacked the English
east coast on the night Of April 20
his time on the northern part. t1-
plosive and ineendiary bombs were
thrown with very good success, on
Edinburgh and Leith, dock estaoIish.
nents on the Firth Of Forth and nj
Newcastle, and important shipbul!oihg
works, furnaces and factories on 'he
Tyne River. md yin
i.,, c1plosions. with extensive demon
STATIONS. One battery near Newcastle
was silsnced.
although shelled heavily, oil the ar
ahips returned safely.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04
CAR CHECKED,
ASSERT TURKS
Constantinople Also Re
ports Defeat of British
in Arabia.

Berlin. April 8 Cby wireless 20 Say
Vile. y. " Constantinople dis
patches given out to-day by the Over
seas Agency say that the Turkish
troops on the Caucasian front have re
ceived considerable reinforcements and
that the Russian offensive has been
checked. Recently the only fighting has
been among small detachments.
A surprise attack on British troops in
Arabia caused them to retreat after
they had suffered heavy losses, the War
Office also said. The statement follows;
"The enemy's endeavors TO check the
advance Of Turkish troops IN the
Tchoruk Valley failed.
Turkish detachments made sur
prise attack on British positions at
Alamad. northeast Of Sheikh Osman'
which the British had been terrifying
for some time. After suffering heavy
losses the British retreated under pro-
lection Of their long-ranCe guns 20
Sheikh Osman.'
Sheikh Osman is in Southwestern
Arabia. or the mainland. near the Brit
ish seaport Of Aden. Desultory fight
ing has been in progress near Alden al
intervals since the war began. and the
Turks have claimed several victories,
but. according 70 Official British state
ments. no reverses Of importance have
been suffered by the British forces.
Petrograd. April 3.-The report Of
the War Office regarding operations on
the Caucasus front IS as follows;
an the course OF our offensive we
passed the watershed OF the upper
Tchoruk River and seized strongly
fortified mountain positions lO,OOO ieet
above sea level, taking a company OF
Turks prisoner. In the course OF the
pursuit Of the enemy in the region OF
The Sourbkarpet convent we captured
Turkish camp, with tents and shelters
and store OF arms. Southeast OF
Nush. in the region OF the village Of
NarbyubOuk. our detachments DIS
persed parties OF Turkish cavalry
On March 30 the Russian hospital
chin Portugal was sunk In the Black
Sea. The Portugal had large number
OF wounded aboard.
Petrograd stated that a German sub
marine had sunk the ship. The Portu-
gal had 272 persons aboard, Of whom
1853 were saved.
No report has yet been made Of the
sinking Of the Portugal, either from
the German or Turkish side, and the
announcement by the Turkish War
Office that n Russian transport. with
troops and war material aboard was
sunk may have some bearing on me
loss Of the Portugal
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04
Two More British Ships
and One Norwegian Sunk

London, April s. Lloyds reports
that the British bark Bengairn has
been sunk BY a submarine. Part OF
the crew we're picked Up. It Is stated
that the vessel was not armed.
The British steamship Perth has
been sunk. Six members Of the crew
were lost and eight were landed. The
Perth was unsrmed. mo
The Norwegian steamer lno. OF IOZ
tons gross. has been sunk. There were
10 casualties.
The Bengairn sailed from. Seattle
December 10 for the British Isles; enc
was vessel OF 2,l27 tons and was
owned in Liverpool.
There are three British steamships
named Perth. The largest. l,79s tons
gross, is owned in Me i'. H,,,d sn-
and the third, 653 tons. Is owned IN
Glasgow
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04
CANADA WAR SCANDAL
SHAKES B0RDEN'S RULE
Sir Sam Hughes Abandoned by
Friends Ministry Trembles.

Nf 80 AFta To Atr A.A.aAr
Ottawa. Ontario. April 3. The po-
htical situation here tonight growing
out OF the charges % graft IN NUM-
tons contracts : Of an amazing char
scter. CORES pondents Of Canadian
partisan newspapers are sending out
the most divergent opinions. but all
agree that the situation as regards
Major General SIR Sam Hughes is
fraught with danger for him. The
significant feature is tina, no member
OF the government speaks I'd for him
in the House Of Commons in MS alb
sence. Even members of the govern
ment are freely spoken Of as enemies
who are cunning for Sir Sans scalp.
l. is said tonight that the Governor
General. the Duke Of Connaught. sent
for Sir Wilfrid Laurier. leader OF the
Opposition. yesterday with a view 20
recommending a coalition government.
This is officially denied. But the story
pers.ts. Rumors that the government
has other troubles on account Of its
guarantees OF Canadian Northern Rail-
way bonds. impending IN the near
future cOmplicate the situation.
There IS a feeling here that gen.
eral election this year IS not a. all
improbable.
In a word. the Borden government is
face 20 face with such a situation as
no Canadian government has ever
faced Its own supporters are tonight
talking against bill extending a rail-
way charter which last Thursday
passed the Commons railway commit
tee under the advice Of the Minister
Of Railways. II extends the charter
Of the Niagara, st. GATHERINGS & To-
rorto Railway, a Canadian Northern
concern. said 20 be part Of plan for
giving the Lackawanna a line into
Toronto.
No we'll informed person here will
say that General Hughes has prohted
through war contracts, but even his
friends say he must produce Colonel
l. Weslev Allison.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04
Washington Gets Report
on Sinking of the Portugal

Vssh.ngtor, April An account %
as iorpedoing Of the Frsnco-Russian
,ospta. ship Portugal 10 the Black Sea
karct %. wi-n the loss Of many lives,
including those Of Red Cross officials
a. Siste-s % Charity, was cabled
from Petrograd 20 the Russian Embassy
ts'e to-day and probably will be nled
- the state Department for It's IN
i'fnat-o-. Tho Turkish government
"a oecallv denied that any OF IL SUD
-arnes made the attack, and u IS IS
i-ned ia Allied diplomatic quarters
,sfe that tre Portugal was the vctim
. a, Austrian aircraft.
fo.loW.rg .s the dispatch 20 the en-
ssssy
-0- .he s0-h % March. AZ $3.50 a. m,
,s Franco Russian hospital ship Portu-
ss., proceeding % the south coast o.
~ Back Sea % take over wounded
trs. topped her engine in sight o.
talsn, four miles from the coast, ana
'ssan pumping out some bsrges, whei'
a e.emy submarine appeared and
49, c.rc.lrg around the snip for some
) me- caose position about 100 ysrds
ron her md launched a. her Two tor
ie-oef. The frat torpedo missed me
fof'-gal. but the second struck her
'1.1t1.ps, re boilers exploding ana
- sop breaking in Two and SINKING IN
- minute and ha.f.
TIE persons aboard, consisting OF
- permanent ships ftaf and De,
.--ttnef, ~ the Red Cross, numbered
= al to.d, o. whom ~ are missing,
~ following Russians persisted: ked
-i,ts delegate, Count Jatistcnef; su-
itf.r,erlent Baroness Meyendorf. In
,'eetfess si<nr1culG, Sisters Of Charity
s<ipness hrmskofeh, Alezandrof' Lax
'@'s.y Fass.lef, Norchof, Medziz-
tVsey, ko.vnsky. VorOnof, Minae''
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04
FRENCH GAIN IN
VAUX DISTRICT
Continued from page !

lentlv bombarded the west corner OF
the Avocourt wood. An enemy block
house was destroyed and munitions
depot blown up"
The statement given out in Berlin
said:
"On the left bank OF the Meuse, all
the enemy's positions north Of the
Brook of FORCES between Haucourt and
Bethincourt are in our hands.
Southwest and south Of Fort Dousu-
mont our troops engaged in battle with
troops holding the French trenches and
points of support"
Describing last nights action in the
Cailette wood, an earlier French state
ment said:
ITO the east Of the Meuse the fight
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04
ish. 81. French. =: Belgian. @.

T-awlers-Denmark. !; Holland. Do
The loss 20 British steam shipping,
saws the report, is less than 4 per cent
Of the total number Of vessels under
the British flag and slightly over 6 per
cent Of their total tonnage. The French
loss in steamships is about ! per cent
OF the total French tonnage. while the
Russian loss is about per cent and
the Italian Az per cent.
In further comment. Admiral Bridge
details the amount Of merchant ship
Ming built in France and Great Britain
since the beginning Of the war, and
shows that the war losses have virtual
lv been made good thereby.
IN 1915" saws the report. after
more than a year 81 the war, the steam
shining Of Great Britain increased -
vessels and $4,000 tons. France az the
end OF 1915 was short only nine steam
ers and 1880 tons Of the previous
years total. Italy and Russia both show
an increase in tonnage
1T is therefore clear that the pres
ent shortage Of tonnage is due not to
The action Of submarines, but 10 the
great requirements of the military and
naval forces. The latest published
statement OF these show that they are
demanding 300 merchant vessels.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04
TURK U.BOAT SINKS
RUSSIAN TRANSPORT
Three Russian Vessels Tor
pedoed. Moslems Report.

Berlin by wireless 20 Sayville. y.
y. April "a l2000-ton Russian
transport with troops and war ma
terials aboard was sunk by Turkish
submarine on March 80. the Turkish
War Office announced to-day in 4 re-
port which says:
Turkish submarines on March 80
sank a Russian transport OF about p,
600 tons. with troops and war ma
terials. and on March 81 sank another
ship OF 1900 IONS and one sailing ship.
Our submarines effectively shelled
fortified positions on the coast north
OF Poti, a Russian seaport IN Trans
ceucasia, on the Black Sea"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04

ing. which went on last night in the
region OF Douaumont and NauX VAS
favorable 20 Us. We gained ground m
the wood OF Caillette. Our line rests
on the right OF the pond OF NauN; then
crosses the Cailiette wood. the north
ern corner Of which is occupied by the
enemy. and rejoins our positions 10 the
south and west Of the village Of Douau-
mont.
French Satisfied With Results.
"lt has been confirmed that the at
tacks OF the enemy yesterday were eN-
tended over a front Of three kilometres.
They came forward in successive waves,
followed by small columns. The &C
tivity Of our artillery and the nre OF
our infantry caused heavy losses IN the
ranks OF the enemy.
Yesterdays lighting. or the whole.
was not unfavorable 20 the French. il
Is authoritatively stated In Paris. The
object OF the Germans was 20 clear the
approaches 20 Fort Douaumont. and
$4,000 men were thrown forward on the
mile and a half line between Douau-
mont fort and the village OF NauN. The
attacking force succeeded In crossing a
little ravine which hitherto had stopped
them and in entering the Calllette
wood. Further east they diSlodged the
French from the last ruined houses Of
the village Of Nsux. but the French po-
sitions we're 80 placed as 20 make u
practically impossible FOR the Germans
70 debouch from the village Vigorous
French counter attacks drove them back
70 the upper fringe o. Caillette wood.
The total result Of the very formi-
dable effort they had put forth was a
gain for the Germans OF about 500
Yards of terrain. more than Offset. it is
affirmed. by the very heavy losses they
had endured. On the west Of the river
the Germans attacked the Avocourt
blockhouse In no less determined
manner, but again met with complete
failure. the observers declare.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04
TWO AIR BATTLES
BRING LETTER HERE
French Aviator, faube Pilot.
British Censor Knew GARNER.

A month ago Pierre lie Gall, Of the
French aviation corps. used the few
spare moments preceding a night at
tack on a German base 20 write letter
20 his friend, Eugene GARNER, Of the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04
GERMANY MAKES APOLOGY
Promises 10 Punish Aviators Who
Bombed Swiss Village.

London. April 3.-Germany has apoI-
ogized 20 Switzerland for the bombing
OF the Swiss village Of Porentruy By
German airmen last week, says a Reu-
ter dispatch from Berne. A promise 70
punish the aviators, who supposed they
were over Belfort, has been made.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04
BRITISH SHIPPING
INCREASEDIN WAR
Has IS Vessels More than
When Conflict Began,
Report Shows.

London. April Admiral Sir Cy-
prian Bridge, in report on merchant
shipping losses, gives the following
statement Of total losses 10 shipping
from the beginning OF the war 20
March IS:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04

Ei-s. Mate Dantz and Assistant Sur
COO, Nemtchenko. One officer, 20 male
SYrses and q sailors OF the French
contingent also persisted. and Minister
Ceorretts, 10 Of the crew and ser
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04

A dispatch from Berne last Friday
said two aeroplanes Of unknown nation
atty had dropped five large bombs on
Porentruy, with some damage 20 prop
erty. The Federal Council 81 Geneva
ordered the Swiss Minister in Berlin
20 protest
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04

This of short articles American pre-
poredness uU The Tribune daily lhe accuracy
is uouched high officer in the United States Army ana
b;o officer United States Navy. The Tribune believes fhe"
70 the ceaes striking of national defens
uritten.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-04

Innsmuch as Admiral Bridge has in
cluded the losses Of Portugal in the
list OF neu,rals. 1t is probable that
these antedate her entry into the war
The states-graphic. (Brownsville, Tenn.) 1???-1984, 1916-11-10

Wickersham gasped. He came to his
feet painting all in an instant with the
rage that set his dry lips writhing,
But at that point he, too, remembered
himself. He swallowed and faced Al
lison, and the latter, sitting pop eyed
before his outbreak, gaped now at the
change that came back over that twist
ed face. Wickersham smiled, Once
more his bearing was the very essence
Of perfect poise and self control
"If you-if you are afraid he in
ferred IF you
Allison's laugh was big and booming
for all that ths establishment had not
yet left his eyes.
''Cold feet" he 'rumbled. Gold
feet! Me- And suddenly his gust
Of mirthless laughter made petty the
others insolence. "Wickersham, I've
broken better crooks than you'll ever
be. A man has to have q big heart to
be big crook, and you-and you-well,
sometimes | wonder whether there
wasn't some sort of an oversight in
that line when they put you together.
He couldn't have explained why the
thought came to him at that moment
any more than he understood his swift
~ Malicious impulse to use il. but all
in fash there came back to him a
recollection of that day when he and
Caleb had burst through the hedge to
find the boy Stephen 0'Mara pummel-
ing bigger PROSTATE boy who shrek.
ed under the earnest thoroughneSS of
that p1mmeling Allison, too, rose to
his feet.
Il only wanted to give you a chance, :
Allison continued. II reckon | can
take care of myself | always could.
And yov-wel. you know as well as |
do what sort of scrap that-that woods
rat can put up, or you ought to, He
gave you a sort of demonstration
once, If remember correctly stick!
/ never was overly squeamish. But
don't fool yourself, Archie; don't fool
yourself If we fight we're fighting
with a regular guy. your insinuation
to the contrary. merely wanted you
to realize what | know now. Wen
think we've been in battle before We
come to finish.'
His hand was on the door knob when
the door itself flashed open. Dexter
AIlison's daughter hesituted, surprised
on the threshold. Her eyes, brilliantly
alight, leaped from her fathers face to
that of the man half toward her and
back again.
"Oh,' she exclaimed uncertainty, Il
didn't know you were busy, | saw the
light. I'd been over to Uncle Gals just
for minute I want to tell you Good
uightw