davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1916-06-06

Mckay Woman Ill.
Mrs. Max Blatt, daughter of Mrs.
Claude Grow, is reported quite i'll at
4 her home on Mckay creek today.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1916-06-06

Mrs. Richardson Ill.
Mrs. Seth Richardson is reported
to be i'll at her home.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1916-06-06
To Attend strawberry Day.

Quite a number of Pendletonians will
so to Milton tomorrow to attend the
annual strawberry festival and horse
show in that city,
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1916-06-06
MOST OF SHIPS
CREWS ARE LOST
BRITISH PUBLIC HAS NO HOPE
OF MORE SURVIVORS FROM
GREAT SEA BATTLE.

LONDON, June 6.-The hope OF
English families is being slowly
crushed that more sailors of the SKA
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-05-07

ton on the part Of the American poo.
pie that great standing armies are
dangerous to liberty. are the embodl-
ment Of militarism and the useful in
strument Of a~utocrats or tyrants; that
they constitute a great economic
waste. taking hundreds Of thousands
Of the youth Of the land out Of Indus
try and productive enterprise and sad.
ding them as q burden upon the rest
Of the community. Therefore we
m,s . turn elsewhere for the solution.
How about the militia, the ~so-called
National Guard? Can we develop the
militia into a numerous enough and
formidable enough body to meet the
shock Of war? Tho answer IL. Nc.
That all this million and a half Of
troops required by war must be out
side Of and in addition TO the militia.
that they must be entirely under the
control Of the national Government.
and that II Is impossible to build any
national military system upon what 3.
In modern war. an absolute a%nachron-
ism-to wit. a system that produces
not one army but forty-eight separate
armies, not coming under the excluu-
sive control Of the Federal Govern
ment until time Of war. and. even In
war, having the appointment Of Of
ficers reserved to the States.
Then we come to the suggestion
that the most economical way to get
the numbers required Is by a great
national citizen army. organized.
trained and controlled entirely by the
Federal Government. This is what We
should have. Such an army could be
organized. equipped and trained along
economical lines without taking the
young men OF the country u OF pro-
ductive enterprise for undue seasons.
Such an army would not run counter
to u prejudice against a great stand
ing army. Recruitment would be ter
ritorial. Tho young men would 20
out from their homes for a season to
train for the defence Of the nation.
and then would SO straight back to
their homes and pursuits and to their
normal life. They would not he kept
u der arms for a length of time suf-
iicient to separate them from the ties
OF their homes and friends and kin
tiliations.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-05-07
Defence Calls for /
Well Drilled Citizen Armv
By HENRY BRECKENRIDGE,

Formerly Assistant Secretary Of
War.
tn HE War College Division Of the
General STAFF Of the Army was
called upon by the Secretary
OF War to prepare a statement OF a
proper military policy for the United
States. This statement was submitted
in September Of 1915 and ought to be
read by every intelligent American
citizen. In what I have to say about
the size Of the land forces needed in
any general policy Of national defence
I shall . tho material contained in
the statement referred 20 but will not
interrupt the continuity Of the text by
stating the fact Of quotation in each In
stance.
In approaching the size Of the land
forces necessary TO be maintained in
the United States for national safety
an estimate was made Of the number
Of troops that other nations might
transport and land on our coasts in a
given time. It was estimated that
Germany could send an expedition OF
$4,000 men and 1870 animals In 1873
days, and that Germany could send a
second expedition Of 100000 men and
$4,000 animals in 3o.s days. and could
continue at this rate until all Of her
5000, 900 soldiers had been landed on
our shores. OF course this presup-
poses a command OF the sea.
The other military and maritime
nations are estimated to be able to
send expeditions OF smaller numbers.
II was assumed that the navy would
delay such expeditions two months.
and upon these estimates and assump-
tons II a concluded that our mill
tary system should be able to supply
100000 trained and organized mobile
troops at the outbreak OF the war and
TO have at least 500, 900 more available
within ninety days thereafter.
II was pointed out tina. two expedi-
lions alone would provide a force
large enough to cope with our l.ooo,-
600 mobile troops. and therefore we
must at the outbreak Of hostilities pro-
vide for the raising and training OF
at least 100000 additional troops to
replace the losses incident to war. All
these mobile forces TO be in addition
TO the "a artillery.
Having concluded that these forces
are required for defence the first
question that occurs Is how they are
to be raised and organized. Shall we
have a great standing army TO furnish
tho required numbers? Shall We try
TO develop the militia into a force Of
the indicated strength. or should we
raise, organize and train a great ma
tional army OF citizen soldiers TO meet
our needs?
In the present temper Of our people
land I believe that temper justihablc)
to discuss a great standing army Of
such proportions is merely to engage
in an academic discussion. In tho first
place there IL an ineradicable convic-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-05-07

niental wurk. and then 10 regard that
decrease as an index OF fatigue.
Among the men that have devoted
much study to this problem 10 Cramp-
ton. and he has declared that Tt Is
possible to tho result Of long
continued energy producing activities.
such as physical training. gymnastics.
play. athletics and good ventilation. on
the one hand. and tho fatigue pro-
ducing activities, such as school life
Of various kinds. on tho other. by
noting the increase or decrease Of
incidence Of disease. absence from
school. increase in height and weight
and the percentage Of hemoElobin';
that is, the principal ingredient Of the
red c~orpuscles OF the blood.
But interesting as these methods
OF investigation are. - positive In
dices OF vitality they fail. for the rea-
o that tests Of this sort are diff
cult to control. Just the same they
have served to spur others on and At
least to open q way to the true goal
and to inspire by occasional vistas Of
that objective.
What we have all sought has been
some positive means OF evaluating the
bodily reserve power or fund Of vi
tally. pretty much as We gauge the
temperature by the rise And fall Of the
thermometer. The question was. how
ever, to fix upon some single phyaical
manifestation that would embrace the
functioning or state Of tho entire or
gan.sm. The problem has been one OF
Jud!cious elimination.
1T has been my belief that the toxic
or poisonous fatigue products act upon
a certain part OF tho sympathetic ner-
vous system: TO be exact, tho nerves
controlling the squeezing or contract
Ing movement OF the blood vessels
which supply what are known as the
circular muscles Of the abdominal sys-
tenn. including tho intestines. liver,
&C. II must be perfectly plain that Il
is essential to health to have an ample
flow OF blood to these extremely i'm
portant parts Of our internal ma
chinery, because upon tho tide Of this
Vital flood hinges tho prompt repair
Of waste and the maintenance or up
building OF our physical reserve
THE sympathetic system Of nerves
controls the rate Of the heart beats, the
movements OF the intestines. m. .iz.
OF blood vessels, the secretion Of g,a
and the activities OF the internal or
gans Plainly. then. anything upset.
ting this complex and interdependent
machinery will certainly have markad
results upon a person's health m u,.,,-
being, and oppositely. a check unon
the state OF the blood will be one of
the very best indications Of the entire
bodily condition.
THE thing we want TO discover IN
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-05-07

But the layman will ask, How does
the physician know that there are
definite products producing this feeling
Of WEAKNESS? A German invest!ga-
tor. DR.. weichardt. has actually suc-
ceeded in proving It.
He has taken. for instance. a guinea
pig deliberately fatigued by stimulated
effort and drawn from the tired animal
a small quantity OF its blood. This
he has injected into an unwearted AMI
NAL. The blood from the muscles OF
the tired guinea pig has induced in
the second animal all Of the character
istic signs of fatigue, plainly indicating
the presence Of chemical products Of a
poisonous nature. While Weichardt ap-
parenty did not isolate this substance.
which he called "kenotoxin." still
he showed its presence in the tired AMI
NAL only when facgued. and plainly
demonstrated the effects Of the keno
sS"'A "hNii ihti ouutcu IltO INC ClECul6
ton Of an unwearied animal.
Just before the outbreak Of the Euro.
pean war welchardt carried his PIX peri
ments further. For tho purpose N
overcoming the fatigue experimentally
produced through the injection of keno
toxin he had u to a certain anti
body. which he introduced into the af-
fccted animal. What this antibody was
is not known here because hostili,ies
lave put a stop tn the disclosures NO
ar as foreign countries are concerned
at least.
II Ia evident, however, that the sub
ject has gripped the medical fraternity
OF the fatherland, because Lorenz. in
Berlin, has diminished the fatigue of
pupils by spraying antikenotoxin into
the air of the school room Just how
far these researches have gone Is not
known here; and while Iorenz's ex-
periments are significant. still the ulti-
mate value OF the employment of
antikenotoxin wholesale In a school
room is debatable. DR.. Goldberger
says on this point:
"bne might just as we'll lessen the
pain Of a headache by means of a
sedatlve while neglecting the stomach,
whose abuse was the real cause OF the
distress. Why not correct the funda-
mental evil, faulty diet, and avoid the
use Of the drug?
personally ! am convinced that
tired school children should not be
stimulated by ar antilsenotoxin. but
instead the cause of the original
fatigue should be determined and dealt
with accordingly. The first thing is
to establish the fact Of fatigue. This
may he individual and not character
!stic of the entire class.
Again, the cause may be n me-
chaHical one, for instance, faulty seats
or desks, II may be the result of lack
nf Hrnner ventilation; or il may be
the consequence of too much sustained
mental work. For example, srith-
mctic, study or some other work
calling for concentrated thought may
Inc required OF the pupil. when inter
walls of instruction, like singing, draw
ing or calisthenics, would divert the
mine and totally alter the character of
the vital demand. This applies equally
to the Instructor or to ANY person that
fails To alternate In the character of
his labor or 10 relax from time to time.
MANY methods have been devised "a
measure fatigue and %rccuperation, and
IN many instances these tests have
been found either unreliable or in
complete. Satisfied that no natural
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-05-07

tire Of muscles could BE- Without a
certain degree Of brain fatigue. and
that no brain fatigue could be induced
without . sympathetic fatigue Of the
muscles, numerous investigators have
tried TO determine a decrease in physi-
cal efficiency by continued periods Of
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-05-07

mulate faster than they can be elimi-
mated by the lungs. skin and kidneys
they will, in a way. poison all parts
Of the body. This poisoning results
In the subjective expression Of fatigue:
that is. the feeling Of being tired
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-05-07
,.n ax.,. Iy%s~~s"

Sep old age by not overtiring them
solves? Well. that IL Just what Is
gradually dawning upon the scientific
minds Of the twentieth century. 1t is
held to be undoubtedly true that II
people would but rest themselves as
nature requires therets no reason why
comparative youthfulness should not
be carried much further along on the
journey OF life.
But this does not put q premium
upon laziness. because there are
physical ills that follow close upon
physical inaction. and this is espe-
cialiy so where the appetite OF tho la
borer goes hand in hand with indo-
lence. In the latter a the ~sluggard
is piling a burden upon bodily ma
chinery that can work efficiently only
in concert with other active efforts.
In other words the human organism
calls for q balanced order Of life, and
one cannot run counter to this law
without paying the penalty sooner or
later.
. The vitality Of people GIBBS and flows.
They are alert and vigorous when that
tide 10 high. and correspondingly un-
equal to sustained mental or physical
stress when that tide Ia low. All Of
this may sound In q measure trite.
and yet 4 very much concerns the
pears Of . mans usefulness and his
capacity to enjoy the good things of
NE.
Three centuries ago the average
0pan Of life did not exceed nineteen
y0u. To-day. thanks to the bacteri-
,,olnG1st the help Of preventive medi-
cinsi and q profounder knowledge Of
hygiene. tho average length Of life
has risen above two score years. So
tar science has gone; now people
themselves must lend a hand in the
work.
In . paper printed recently in the
New York Medical Journal DR.. /. II.
Goldberger. assistant director of the
Bureau Of Educational Hygiene OF this
city. has made strikingly clear the
curative effects OF rest and has ad-
duced evidence OF the value of a simple
blood test in establishing the degree
or OF a persons vitality. That
is to say, he has shown that Il Is pos
sible to discover with precision the
stats OF that physical hank
upon which any II must draw for
either muscular or mental effort.
DIR. Goldbergcr's experiments or in
v~estigations have had 10 do with teach
sers engaged In public school work in
Greater New York, but the results are
equally significant in any walk of life
or any lcld OF human effort. The
cverege man $ idea of II sense Of wcari-
ness Is that he has simply Tired himself
by overeifort, like a tuned string that
loses pitch after repeated pulling; a
pause or rest will restore him lust
as q turn or 80 will bring the string
back to key. This. however, is not
'oxact. DIR. Goldbcreer says:
Fatigue Is ESSENTIALLY a general con-
6tion due to the formation Of certain
chemical products known as fatigue
tproducts. They are toxic when thrown
iate tho circulation, and IL they accu.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-05-07
Ex.Assistant Secretary Of War Cites
Facts to Show That a Million
Men Are Needed

The compromise on the army reorganization Bill tentatively f,..
the peace strength of the United States army At 10000 men. Hen,v
Breckinridge. formerly Assistant Secretary Of War, believes cha, !,
larger force is needed. IN the following article the sixth of the series,
he has prepared for THE SUN. he cites figures to show that . fire.,
line army of 100000 mel should be provided and that an sddGo,,J
force Of 100000 partly trained troops should be available. Thee.
figures do not include the troops required for garrison and o,b., du,u
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-05-07
You Needn't Be Lazy, but You Must Quit the Strenuous
Life if You Follow the Most Recent Direc.
tons for Sidestepping Old Age

@LD age 10 cumulative fatigue.
AZ least that Is the popular
way Of expressing the idea
stated IN more imposing terms by the
medical fra&ernity.
WY, then, should not people side
Metropolis weekly gazette. (Metropolis, Ill.) 1???-19??, 1916-03-03

Program For Sunday Evening, March. 9Th.
At $50 P. M. First Baptist Church
Metropolis weekly gazette. (Metropolis, Ill.) 1???-19??, 1916-03-03
THANKS.

The editor Of. the Gazette,
thanks Alderman rufke. for the
iat-sest and earnest work in Sc
curing q favorable vote In the City
Council in giving IS electric pow
er at our plant We also thank
the Other aldermen who favored
us in our request. as we are think
ing oI placing a cylinder press in
cur already well evuipped Office
Giving US power is no more
than what we are enti led TO bul
we appreciate lair minded mep,
ones who look spon ell of their
constituents s!ike rich or poor.
white or black.
A'd rman II. G. Burke. has
made a splendid alderman. in our
way Of think ng taking 'everything
as whole. u course he has not
p
Metropolis weekly gazette. (Metropolis, Ill.) 1???-19??, 1916-03-03

i ecuerelly esteemed by all who
bave l.. rned 20 know him. He
p cached the union thanksgiving
service last November in Pilgrim
Baptist church.
Rev E. II. Mcdonald. pastor
Of the IRE eularly ergsn red Me-
morisl Bapti t church { a split
from PiIeriln) is doing exceed-
inely well The church bought
the property. once occupied by
the Swedish church, On the cor
ner OF Rice and Fuller Streets
They arc making payments in
an acceptable manner.
-, ~ Many new mcmbers have been
added to the church. Il is hoped
by the Minnesota Bap,ists that
these Irregular Baptist brethren
will soon see and make amends
for their has,y and unc allied for
action. and repent.
Zion Presbyterian church under
the leader ship OF Rev. G w.
Camp, is yet asiive and pressing
pressing the claims of Presbyteri-
anism. Tie Home Mission Board
OF the Presbyterian demon naiion
bought The lot and built a very
magnificent house OF worship and
parsonage for these colo, ed breth-
rem The Home Board pays two
thirds OF the 5000 90 annual SAL
airy OF Rev. Mr.. Camp.
Last year was a record breaker
with Pilgrim Baptist church under
the pastorate OF Rev b. N. Muir
rell. Pilgrim is the oldest church
s' colored people in Minnesota.
Within its membership there is
to be found larger number OF
the Leading Negro christian men
aad women OF the state Ii is re-
cognized by all as the First church
not only in point OF years but in
point of financial. intellectual,
moral and Influential strength.
The membership is not as large
as il was before it was split by
Rev. L. II Mcdonald, but its
Sunday School attendance, its hn-
ances and general activities were
never credited with larger teturns
than last year. There is Iesce,
and good will throughout the
Metropolis weekly gazette. (Metropolis, Ill.) 1???-19??, 1916-03-03
ROGER WILLIAMS UNI.
VERSITY NOTES.

The War OF the Roses" is
causing great deal OF interest in
the college as each side is conf
dent OF victory.
The rally is in Interest of the
Boys Dormitory. Friends far
and near are being solicited.
The Handy Orchestra paid
Nashville. their mach iookcd fos
visit and gave a recital to a large
and sppreciative audience num-
ber OF the members paid the
school and class room a special
visit as they were here in cur in
iere>t.
Our visitors Of this week were
Rev. Dickerson president OF the
Christian Theological Seminary
Hopkinsville, KY. Rev. Brown,
OF the National Baptist Publishing
Board, Prot. Crenshaw, Handy
and Thorton and a host OF others
Miss Newman OF Virginia. gave
the student body reading We'd
nesday evening.
Dean Evans is confined in house
suffering from a accident having
sprained the ligaments in his hips
The Y. M c. A. are prepared
to give special service for the
day OF prayer Feb 27th.
The Ministers Classes are doing
nicely. The Minister'S Confer
ence will their regular meeting
Saturday evening
Every department OF the work
I,ere is moving along nicely and
students are still coming in.
Rev. J. ]. Chappelle, Of Spring-
field, ILL.,. is here on a visit.
Rev. J N. Washington.
Metropolis weekly gazette. (Metropolis, Ill.) 1???-19??, 1916-03-03
Philadelphia Loss

We learn with regret. exceed
ingly great. that the Rev. Elberi
w Moore, d. D., has resigned
his pastorate at Zion Bapt. Church
this city, where he has been near
ly twenty years.
When DR.. Moore came here
from Denver Colo some years
ago, to take charge OF this church
it was small and insignihe ant.
being located in part of the city
removed ton the great center oi
Negro pops alton. He leaves il
ones oi the best kncwu .ci urches
in Philadelphia. and .ie oi the
best organized.
Metropolis weekly gazette. (Metropolis, Ill.) 1???-19??, 1916-03-03

Or. NJ 11re hims IT has made an
impression upon this CRY such -
is surpa srd by no man in it. We
perhaps. express he opinion OF
most people when we say that be
is prob ably the inost public spirit
ed minister in Philadelphia today.
His gre at heart has shown itself
in well organized, highly spiritual
:hui ch, a front line" Sunday
school, daily vacation Bible
school. an old people, S home. the
best literary socieiy in the city.
the best boys band in the country
all connected W tn bis church, al q
a sco'e OF o,her things
His church is the center of all
large race movements. He is ie-
S oectfully active i'll politics. whe
he is powef for good. in educat-
ion, in indu.tIi4l aid all soc al
matters. He is a Baptist that
makes Methodist feel ike shak-
ing his hand every time he preach
es sermon.
AT the meeting il was voted ua-
animously by 500 members TO Ivy
his resignation on the table and
him to take year s leave OF sb-
sence. hoping that be will change
his mind.
He goes to Columbus, Ohio.
Our best wishes follow him
Christian Recorder.
Metropolis weekly gazette. (Metropolis, Ill.) 1???-19??, 1916-03-03
A LEAP YEAR PRO-
P0SAL.

Ny Dsar and most respected Sic,
seud you this your love to- stir
Tis you I've chosen frst OF alli
On which to make a Leap Year
call.
I've given you foremost chance
A home for you | will enhance.
Your heart and hand | seek not
in jest;
hope you'll grant my fond re-
quest.
And send me back this without
delay
Your answer saying yes or nay,
Bat il your heart does not inclins,
In wedlock bonds to you with
mine.
Then You must Leap Years laws
obey
And down to me FIVE dollars pay,
Besides, kind sir. handsome
dress;
I'll ask no more I'll take no less.
Now you may think this letter
funny
But must have the man or msney
SO now do send me your reply;
And let me be xiiey till l die
II you my name can guess
Send this back to my address.
But il for you there is no hope;
Send me back five yards OF
rope.
With lots OF love and many
kisses
From oRe who hopes TO be yeur
Mrs.
/. ID. Fl. S.
Metropolis weekly gazette. (Metropolis, Ill.) 1???-19??, 1916-03-03
tsy FInNEY sRioos.)

expressed our views on every pro-
position. in fact we differ on some
measures.
The negro voters of the city
should feel proud OF him. ! don't
think that the city council has a
intelligent representative than he,
and none with whom the develop
ment is more at heart.
He has credi.ably filled the
position. +.
Metropolis weekly gazette. (Metropolis, Ill.) 1???-19??, 1916-03-03

member'hip. After Servirg z eiSti
years as pastor OF the Mt ZION
Baptist church of Peoria, Illinois
Rev. B N. Murre1 was called 10
the pastora,e of Pilgrim He is
not only generally loved and res
pected by the mem bers OF his own
chu ch but by the citizens gener-
ally in st. Paul and Minneapolis
In the general activities of til
Twin Cities no minister OF co..
ored churches is more often sought
than Rev. b. N. Murrell
Attorney James P. Anderson Of
st. Paul, died at an ca ly hour
Sunday morning at his home { r
many weeks OF SUITE ing Mr..
Anderson was city mail carrie,
Ter years in ST. Paul. But for The
last three years he has given all
his time to the practice OF bis pro-
fession-Law. lie was an active
member of Zion Presbyterian
church (colored) where his funep-
al service will be held Tuesday at
ago P. M. The eulogy will be
pronounced by the pastor, Rev.
q. w. Camp. w II. Greene.
Metropolis weekly gazette. (Metropolis, Ill.) 1???-19??, 1916-03-03
Daily tteaf,h flint.

Understand that-if yuu are mentally
UNIFIED with sfskness. old age and
death, no amount Of desire or afnrms-
ton can na>e you wen. yvung. OF
long lived To be healthy. you must
be mentally In unity With heath: TO
remain young. you must be mentally
one with youth, and to live long. yoo
must be mentally unified with life.
says Wallace d. Wattles In the Nau-
tiiua
Metropolis weekly gazette. (Metropolis, Ill.) 1???-19??, 1916-03-03
Body Blow.

A Maryland man eloped with his
sweetheart's twin by mistake. and is
now happy. This will be body blvw
for the soui-msttsts--C PLATA
Dealer.