davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14

runner so that the flooring can be
nailed to 1t. The inside dimensions,
1Shx241k inches, are such as to allow
the fiange of the burner box to slide In
easily. The flange rests on hx1-inch
strips, which are nailed / 9-16 inches
below the top of the 2x4's forming the
support This leaves q space of III
inches between the top of the burner
box and the floor Of the house, which
prevents the floor from becoming too
warm and serves as a chamber In
which to warm the fresh air that Ia
admitted for ventilating the hover.
The cool fresh air is taken from be-
meath the house through four l.inch
holes bored in the 2x4 supports. II
is warmed by passing over the metal
top OF the burner box and as 1t ex-
pands is forced upward around the
stem and down upon the chicks.
The insulating box is made Of g.
inch matched pine flooring and is sup
ported at the rear by resting on the
strip at the bottom Of the runner and
in front by hooks and eyes. such as
are used for screen doors. to the sup
port.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14
PREPARING THE GARDEN SOIL
OF Far More Importance Than Most
Gardeners ReaIlxe-vegetable
Matter 10 Necessary.

The preparation of the garden soil
is of far more importance than mos
gardeners realize. The vegetables
must have a deep, mellow, friable soil
to hold moisture and promote the life
and development of soil organisms SO
important to a fertile soil.
The soil should be broken early and
vegetation Incorporated in time for 1t
to decay. A large per cent of vege.
table matter, usually in its final state
of decomposition, called humus, is nee.
essary. 1t may then be necessary to
rebreak, harrow and cross-harrow in
order that deep mulch may be had.
Barnyard manure is highly desirable
where the soil is rather thin or close.
The manure supplies both humus and
plant food, and for that reason is eco
nomical. 1t is waste product at the
barn, but valuable to the gardener.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14
SOY BEANS ARE PROMISING
Every Particle Of Plant Has Economic
value-Roots and Nodules I'm.
prove Fertility.

Soy beans seem to be one OF the
most promising crops before the
southern farmer. Every particle OF
the plant has economic value, and q
great number of commercial products
are produced from the seed.
II seems that the machinery OF our
cottonseed oil mills is suited to the
manufacture of soy bean meal and
oil. The soy bean straw is good
stock food and the fertilizer resulting
from feeding the plant is Of much
value.
The roots and nodules left in the
soil improve the fertility. Millions Of
acres of land hitherto barren and un-
productive may be restored to its
virgin fertility by proper use OF this
plant and nominal expense for phos.
phatic fertilizers.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14

attention of the trade is especially dr.
rected to the change in the nomencla-
ture of the standards for blue cotton.
Since the United States cotton.futures
act became effective, the lowest grade
OF such cotton tenderable on con-
tracts for future delivery made on the
exchanges has been known as low
middling blue-tinged. In the new
standards this cotton is designated as
stained and the grade names are
raised. The reasons for these changes
are:
l. There has never been separate
standard for blue cotton in general
use. Heretofore such cotton has been
sold on type or sample. or else it has
been classified according to Its
value, based on the white standards
for grade.
2. Blue in cotton is a stain rather
than a tinge.
3. In the application of grade names
1t is considered that each of the color
standards should contain approximate
ly the same amount Of leaf and trash
as the corresponding grades Of the
white standards. The standards estab-
lished for blue cotton correspond In
grade most nearly to the standards for
middling, strict middhng and good
middling white cotton.
4. Under the fifth subdivision of SEQ
ton of the United States cotton
futures act, stained cotton Of the grade
of middling is the lowest grade of such
cotton deliverable on contract.
The new and official standards be-
came effective at once and cannot be
changed within a year, nor without
due notice. Practical forms viii be
furnished the cotton-future exchanges
and the spot markets at the earliest
practicable date. The cost of these
practical forms, or copies of the
standards, will be SIS for each full set
of IL boxes, or $3.50 for each box In
fractional sets.
The official standards for color take
the place of the tentative guides for
color issued on February IS, 1915. The
latter may be considered as represent
ing the lower limits of tenderabllity
for tinged and stained cotton on future
contracts made on the exchange.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14

its full depth and turning the soil
to break up the clods Heavy soils
should never be worked when wet.
0verzealous gardeners, ready to seize
the first warm spell as favorable OPP
portunity to go out and work the
heavy clay soil before it is dry, are
not only wasting their energy, but are
doing damage to the soil from which
it will take years for 1t to recover.
To determine when heavy soils are
ready for blowing handful of earth
should be collected from the surface
and the fingers tightly closed on 1t. II
the ball of compacted earth Ii
dry enough for cultivation 1t will fall
apart when the hand is opened.
How to FertIllze.
The soil in the average backyard
is not only lacking in plant food, but
also has been packed until 1t is hard
and unyielding. To loosen up such
soil and make it suitable for garden
produce requires that careful atten-
ton be given to its preparation. After
spading the Enclosure thoroughly, the
upper three inches should be made
fine with the use of hoe and rake.
Stones and rubbish should be removed
and clods Of dirt broken. The surface
should be marked off for planting in
conformity with the general plan of
the garden.
Barnyard or stable manure is the
best fertilizer because it furnishes
both plant food and humus. An appli-
cation at the rate Of from 20 to 30 tons
to the acre of we'll rotted manure is
very satisfactory. This should be APP
piled after blowing or worked with
spade, and distributed evenly over
the surface and later worked in with a
hoe or rake. On many soils 1t is ad.
visable to apply commercial fertilizer,
especially phosphate. in addition to
the manure. An application Of 800 to
600 pounds of acid phosphate to the
acre is usually sufficient. II addition
al potash is needed, which is often the
case with sandy soils, this may be Geo.
nomically supplied in the form of
wood ashes. II the wood ashes are un.
leached they should be distributed
over the garden, using 1000 pounds to
the acre. II they have been wet, or
leached, 1000 pounds should be used.
An application Of 100 pounds to the
acre of nitrate of soda may be used in
the spring to start the plants before
nitrogen in the manure has become
available. 1t should be borne in mind
that commercial fertilizers will not
yield good results unless the soil is
well supplied with humus. Sod or
other vegetation which has overgrown
a garden spot may be used to advan-
tage. It should be turned under with
a pillow or spade and will aid in light
sning the soil and providing 'humus.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14
SEEDING AND PLANTING TIME
Farmer Who Starts Just Little Behind
Is Almost Sure to Remain So
During Entire Season.

II is quite an item to get all the
work done in good season on the farm.
Especially is this true of seeding and
planting.
OF course. there is danger OF being
too early and the getting OF the seed
in the ground while il is cold and
wet; at the same time. in a great
many cases, the farmer who starts in
the spring little behind viii nearly
always be just a little behind all
through the season, and this means,
no matter how hard he may work,
failure to secure the best results In
the end.
Put on the think-cap AZ the begin
ming Of the season and wear It hight
through the year.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14
GASOLINE IS FAVORED
Higher Temperature Can Be Sc
cured Without Forcing Heater.
Time Is Also Saved by Having One
5rooder House Serve for 200
Chicks instead Of Fifty-"A"
Type of House Is Used.

The principal advantages in using
gasoline rather than kerosene are to
secure a higher temperature when
needed without forcing the heater and
so save time by having one brooder
house serve for 200 chicks instead of
80. The system herein described in.
wolves broods of 200. 1t is not suit
able for those who have only small
matches.
The "A" type form of house is used
and is constructed as follows: The
"A" type Of house is feet square,
inside floor measure, has 12-inch side
walls and is 8 feet inches from top
III floor to top of ridge board. The
subframing is made and both floors
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14
MIX ASHES AND HEN MANURE
Lime VIII Cause Liberation OF consId-
cradle Part Of Nltrooen-Eseapes
as Ammonia Gas.

Many persons propose TO mix ashes
with hen manure, but no material con-
tanning lime, in the form in which Il
is contained in ashes, SHOULD be mixed
with moist manure. as the lime win
cause the liberation OF considerable
part of the nitrogen in the manure.
and 1t win escape as ammonia gas-
Ashes and dry hen manure may bs
mixed Immediately before applying
the manure, as the ammonia will most
ly be absorbed and held by the soil.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14

prepared by the United States Depart
ment q Agriculture
The pigs place on the farm cannot
be filled by any other animal. He is
not only profitable when grown as
crop in himself, but some very inn
portant places filed by him come
from his ability to make use Of feeds
that would otherwise be lost. Thus
he saves waste and utilizes materials
around the farm which only he can
use and converts these into market
able product and cash. The pig is
known as the ''mortgage-lifter," and
this appellation is certainly well de-
served.
Because Of the pigs ability to util-
ize the grain droppings from steers,
the pig often makes steer-feeding op-
erations profitable that would not
prove so without his aid. Mumford
reports in a summary of ten different
experiments that the gains made by
pigs fed following steers paid from
O.94 per cent to 1857 per cent Of the
feed given the steers. These pigs were
thrifty shotes and did not receive ad-
ditional feed.
Considering the relative economy of
the different kinds of live stock, the
pig takes a place amCng the most eco
nomieal. For the whole fattening pc
Rod the OK requires 100 pounds of
dry feed to produce 100 pounds gain;
the sheep, 912 pounds, and the pig, 42O
pounds.
Among the classes of farm animals
the pig ranks second as a producer of
human food from a given amount of
digestible matter consumed. The mich
COW leads in her power to convert
crops Of the field into human food,
with the pig second, poultry following,
and the steer and sheep coming low
est.
Feeding pigs on the farm has an
other value, and that is in relation to
soil fertility. The man who feeds his
grain to pigs sells q very small
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14
MANY QUALITIES OF ONIONS
Several Ways In Which 10 Cook a.
Food-stand Drought Well
Plant Sets Literally.

Every garden should have an abun-
dance of onions. There are many ways
in which onions can be used as foods.
For seasoning soups. hash, dressing,
etc, nothing can take the place Of
onions.
They stand considerable drought, toll.
crate wet weather and viii often pro-
duce when hedged in by weeds.
Onions keep well and by storing
them in the cellar or the barn ora
may have onions all the year. Plant
onion sets literally this year.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14
USEFUL DEVICE FOR GARDEN
Marker Enables Gardener to Make
Rows Straight and Spaces Between
at Uniform Distance.

A successful gardener makes his
rows straight and the spaces between
the rows uniform. It is not necessary
to buy expensive equipment for small.
scale operations. Proper dlstancing
can be had by using the homemade
contrivance shown in the accompany.
ing drawing. A 2 by inch piece of
wood, or even lighter strip is spaced
as desired, and wooden plugs, sharp
ened to a dull point with the pocket
knife, are inserted into holes made by
the auger. The plugs on one side are
set farther apart than on the other.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14
PRINCIPAL EFFECTS OF LIME
sweetens Sour Sell and Improves
Physical Effects-Heavy, cloddy
Land Does Not Yield Well.

II may be said briefly that lime has
two principal effects upon soil. II
sweetens sour soil; # improves the
physical effects. Crop viii not do
wen in sour soil. This is readily
shown IN alfalfa and clover. The
leaves turn yellow and the plants look
s,ckly when the soil is sour. Such soil
needs lime to neutralize the acid.
Heavy, cloddy. clammy soil win not
yield wen. Such soil does not easily
admit air and water and does not sup
port soil bacteria 80 important in q
fertile soil. Use lime II You have such
soil
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14
sreakIno : Stallion.

Several precautions must be OBJ
served when breaking q stallion. First.
the man must be 3 thorough horseman
and second, be must remember that
while the horse Is big he lie usually
soft and cannot stand q great amount
OF hard work until be becomes aecus-
toned to T.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14
SHEEP MANURE IS VALUABLE
More Desirable Than That Of Any -
the Other Farm Animals-Loses
Through Fermentation.

The manure OF sheep is more yalu-
able weight for weight than that Of
any Of the other farm animals. but 4
is also more liable to loss through fer.
mentation because Of It's lower mois-
ture content than are the so-caIls&
cold manures" OF ccttle and swine
Nitrogen is the principal fermentatloa
loss but teaching VIII effect both ths
phosphorus and potash cnntent
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14

From the United States Department Of
Agriculture.)
Eleven official standards for color
of cotton have been established and
promulgated by the secretary of agri-
culture in accordance with the terms
of the United States cotton.future's
act. The new standards are for yell
low-tinged cotton of the grades of low
middling, strict low middling, mid
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14

amount Of fertilixing elements of OF
the farm as compared with the one
who sells grain. Furthermore, in us
ing forage or pasture crops the value
of the manure scattered over the field
Is considerable.
Swine farming. like other branches
of livestock farming, gives employ
merit to labor during the entire year,
and enables the farmer to keep hired
labor throughout the year and does
not congest 1t at harvest time. The
hog is the only farm animal that can
safely harvest the corn crop. and this
practice is gaining ground from year
60 year among the most progressive
farmers, resulting in no little saving Of
labor to the breeder who grows his
own corn.
Keep Garden Soil Busy.
Even the smallest backyard may be
made to yield a supply of fresh vege-
tables for the family table at but
slight expense II two or three crops
hAc buCCcSoifcAy tAOhh W hSNP tAo
area occupied all the time. People
who would discharge a clerk II he did
not work the year round win often cul-
fivate garden at no little trouble and
expense and then allow the soil to lie
iCie from the time the first crop ma
lures until the end OF the season.
Where a two or three crop system is
used in connection with vegetables
adapted to small areas, space no
larger than Is by 40 feet viii produce
enough fresh vegetables for a small
family Corn, melons, oucumbers and
potatoes and other crops which re
quire large area should not be grown
in g garden of this size. Halt an acre
properly cultivated with careful crop
rotation may easily produce 500
worth OF various garden crops in a
year.
When 60 Work Sell.
II the garden was not broken In the
fall II should be plowed in the spring
IS soon as the frost Is out OF the
ground. Small areas may be worked
with q spade. pushing the blade in 70
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14
bullets for Next Winter.

Figure out about how many pullets
you want to carry through next win.
ter. then set at least SIX, better eight.
times that number OF eggs. Hatch
early and IS near together a. possible
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14

Completed Box Of Types for Good
Mlddllns-The Upper Half Is Pho
tograph Inserted In the Cover for
the Purpose Of Representing Aecu-
rately the Position Of the Leaf and
Other Extraneous Matter In the Cot
ton.
ding, strict middling, and good mid
ding; and for yellow-stained and blue
stained cotton of the grades Of mid
ding, strict middling and good mid
ding.
In promulgating these standards the
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14

A series of holes may be made so
that the plugs car he changed to give
any desired distance between mark.
ings. Any kind of a handle is at.
tached.-orange Judd Farmer.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-04-14
When to Work Sell.

II the garden was not broken In the
fall n should be plowed in the spring
IS soon as the frost is out Of the
ground. Small areas may be worked
with q spade, pushing the blade in 70
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1916-05-01
BREAKFAST FOR MISS ABRAHAM.
son,

Miss Ebba Abrahamson, Thirty-ffth
street and Seventh avenue, who has
just returned from a tour with the
Wennerberg chorus, whom she accom-
panied as reader, was Weakened early
this morning by company of girl
friends composing the S. P. D. club,
who came prepared to serve May day
breakfast. They brought with them
lovely daffodils which they used to
trim the serving table and had provis-
ions for a delicious course breakfast.
Miss Abrahamson was taken much by
surprise, but made her guests very
welcome and they had a fine time to-
gether. She was presented with a
number of pretty gifts.
The club had a meeting Saturday
evening in the home of Miss Grace
Wood, 3037 Tenth avenue, members
spending the evening with fancy work
and visiting and they were served
with delightful lunch.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1916-05-01
COFFEE BIG SUCCESS.

One of the most successful affairs
ever given by the In His Name circle
of Kings Daughters was the coffee
Saturday afternoon held at the home
of Miss Gladys Mcnamara, 1905
Twentieth street. The home was
beautifully bright with roses and white
carnations, all the rooms being sweet
with their fragrance. In the dining
room the Kings Daughters colors,
purple and white, were carried out in
basket being filled with white carna-
tons and purple orchids, the handle
of the basket being tied with an
enormous bow of purple satin ribbon.
During the afternoon an informal pro-
gram was given by Mrs. E. Irwin of
Davenport singing Somewhere l Hear
a Voice Calling Me-" by Tate and
When the Roses Are Blooming"
Mrs. E. G. Don read kipling's Moth
er O. Mine" and an Italian dialect
story. Members of the circle assisted
in receiving, pouring and serving and
between $50 and $50 will be cleared
for the charity work of the circle.
The regular May meeting will be
held Thursday in the home of Mrs.
Richard Lift
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1916-05-01
Naturalization Tomorrow.
REV. WILSON TO TALK
TO GRADUATE CLASS

Rev. James Edgar Wilson of the
Broadway Presbyterian church has
been selected to deliver the baccalau-
reate sermon to the graduating class
Of the Rock island high school and
will speak on the topic, Following the
Highest Good This was the an
nOuncement made this morning at the
school. A vote of the class was taken
last week and has since been submit
ted to the board of education. The
decision of the board was in favor OF
Rev. Wilson, and it is generally eX-
pected that he was the choice of the
class also, although this is not known
for a certainty. The sermon will be
given May IS
The first official announcement OF
the results Of the Kansas silent read
inG test which was made in all the
schools of the city on March of this
year was made this morning by City
upcrintendent F. c. Fisher. The test
was a very complex affair, to be cor
reCtly calculated for each grade, and
the fact that two sets of grades, one
for speed and one for accuracy, had
to be made for each individual taking
the test, made the problem very diff
cult to handle. The final results show
that Rock Island has approximately
the same median in its tests as the
schools in the state of Kansas, where
the test was first applied.
The test is one that has been issued
from the Kansas state normal school
for the purpose of discovering the
ability of pupils to read silently 1t is
pointed out that oral reading has been
emphasized in the past a great deal
more than silent reading, in spite Of
the fact that the pupils must do a
great deal more Of silent reading in
studying other lessons than reading.
1t has also been found that the rate of
reading and the degree of understand
ing are interdependent, that fast read
ers are as a rule better able to I'M
derstand what they read. These prin-
ciples have been borne out generally
in the local results, but in quite few
places the results have been directly
contrary. 1t has been found that
among the different rooms of a school
it was often the case that a room that
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1916-05-01
Funeral of Miss Mary Spellman.
AdditionalSocial
MRS. GAIT on EQUAL SUFFRAGE.

Mrs. Carrie Chapman Gait, president
of the National Equal Suffrage asso-
citation and acting president of the In
ternational Suffrage alliance fed
GRAFTON of some 26 national suffrage
rganizations-in her discussion of the
equal rights of women at the Burtis,
Davenport, Saturday evening, left no
doubt in the minds of her audience of
her thorough conversance with her
subject, and the presentation of argu-
ments with considerable detail in the
course of her talk was puctuated with
repeated bursts of applause.
Mrs. Gait is remarkable woman,
and most impressive speaker. She
has a magnificent stage presence and
a quiet dignity that carries convic-
ton of her earnestness and sincerity.
Some of the arguments advanced by
the anti-suffrag ists were discussed
and answered with statistics in favor
of suffrage About the cost of double
election, doubling the cost of govern
ment, one of the anti arguments that
has been freely exploited as helping
boost the high cost of living, Mrs. Gait
said: THE increase in the cost in the
east has been nil In the state OF
Wyoming where women have voted
for many years taxes were unneces-
sary this year. and in Kansas, where
the women have the ballot, the last
bond of Indebtedness has been
burned"
High spots in her address are:
IAN anti-suffragist is woman who
does not want TO vote and is deter
mined that other women shall not vote
The example of supreme selflshness
is the woman who does not care
enough for the general good OF wo-
mankind to vote II there Is a reason
In the argument against suffrage II Is
prejudice.
Woman suffrage Is coming. There
is no power on earth that can stay In
it's tide, 1t is coming: the only ques-
ton is the date.
Abraham Lincoln said, This ma
ton cannot exist half slave and half