davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
New Japanese Minister Pre.ented.

Washington, Oct. 13.-Aimaro Sato
the new Japanese minister, today, was
officially presented to Secretary Ian
sing and other officials at the state de-
partment. He probably presents Gre
dentials to President Wilson when the
latter returns to Washington for the
winter.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
Russia Makes Serious Charge.

Petrograd. Oct. 13.-Poisoned sweets
and garlic infected with cholera ba-
cilli were dropped by enemy flyers who
attacked the Roumanian Black Sea
port of Constanza, 1t was officially an
nounced here.
The war Office allegation that the
central powers have been guilty of a
new form of "frightfulness" in warfare
aroused intense indignation in official
circles.
The official statement did not dis
close whether any children ate the in
fected and poisoned sweets.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
WHITE TO RE EXECUTED.
Negro Trooper Convicted Of Numbering

Negro Trooper Convicted Of Numbering
Superior Officer.
Leavenworth, Kan, Oct 13.-Wn-
liam White, q negro trooper stationed
at Fort Leavenworth, was found guilty
last night in United States district
court here Of first degree murder and
was sentenced to be hanged on the
government reservation, Friday, Dec.
Is. White shot and killed his superior
officer, Sergeant ]. w. Jackson, whom
he accused Of running his home.
Capital punishment is prohibited in
Kansas but the state statute does not
apply to the government reservation.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
Peace Rumor Denied.

Berlin, wireless to- Sayville, Oct. 49,
"A Berlin telegram printed in the
Cologne Gazette, declares, according to
the Overseas News Agency. that the
rumors spread in neutral countries OF
a separate peace being sought by Rus
sia and Germany are invention.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
THOUGHT THE PREACHER DRUNK
Harding When ouizzed BY Baptist
Preacher Asked il He We're Drunk.

Bloomfield, Oct. 13.-The insult Cam
didate Harding gave to the Baptist
preacher of this town In his Saturday
evening address is still the gossip Of
the town. During the course of his adj
dress Mr.. Harding was Interrupted by
Rev. Won Hagen. a republican, who
asked Mr.. Harding whether his wet
votes In the legislature were true.
Harding hedged, saying that his record
would not justify Rev. Won Hagen's In.
situations The Baptist pastor then re-
piled: IF what you say Is true all the
Des Moines ministers are liars Hard
ing said that they had told only half
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
HUGHES SPEAKS IN MISSOURI
Republican Nominee Addresses Meet
inas at Springfield and Joplin.

St. Louis, Oct. 1S. Charles e.
Hughes passed thru St. Louis this
morning on his third presidential COM
paign trip, bound for Springfield, Mo-.
where he will speak late today. He
will leave Joplin late tonight for points
in Nebraska closing his Saturday tour
at Lincoln, at night.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
Assaults of Allies Fail.

Berlin, Oct. ia great attempt Of
the French and British forces on the
Somme front to break thru the German
lines, yesterday, failed, the war office
announces. Six attempts near Scilly
broke down,
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
SPEED MARKS TRYouTs,
Thirty. Three Cars Compete in Elirni
alton Trials For Auto Classic.

alton Trials For Auto Classic.
Chicago, Oct. 13.--Over a slippery
track. drivers Of thirty-three racing
cars drove their mounts around tht
speedway course at better than 100
miles an hour today in the elimination
trials for the $50 mile Grand American
which is to be decided tomorrow.
Officials expect that fewer than
twenty drivers will qualify for the
race. Resta. DePalma. Aitken and
Rickenbacher are regarded as favor.
ties. Prize money aggregatlng s15.oOt
will be awarded.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
john wharton ctark Dead.

Manchester, Oct. i3.-John Wharton
Clark. for many Years an attorney Ii.
washington, n, C.. and n native d
Manchester. !s dead nj washington
The funeral will be held here.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
Gain on somre Front.

London, Oct. 13.-Progress for the
British in yesterdays fighting on the
Somme front were reported today
Advances were scored between Gueude-
court and Lesboefs and north Of
Gueudecourt.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
Kinqstonian Reported Safe.

Boston. Oct. 1s.-The British steam
er Kingstonian. reported as among
those torpedoed by German subma-
rine OFF Nantucket last Sunday, is safe
In port, according to word received to-
day by John H. Thomas Of this city, To-
cal manager Of the Leyland Line, which
owns the steamer. Mr.. Thomas said
his information showed that the Kings
tonfan was thousands of miles from
Nantucket last Sunday.
The first British steamer to leave this
port since the appearance Of the U-boat
was reported sailed today. It is the
Corunna, coal freighter, bound for
Louisburg. A few hours later the Ley
land liner Memphian, with big cargo,
largely grain, sailed for Manchester,
England. The White Star liner Canopic
docked. 9; s
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
Announced in Berlin.

Berlin, via London, Oct. 13. The
Roumanians have been expelled from
positions in Transylvania and are be-
ing pursued by the Austro German
forces, it is announced officially today.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
YEGGMEN SECURE $3.50.

Robbery Of Iowa Dairy company's Of.
flee, Dubuque, Wosk Of Expert.
Special to Times Republican.
Dubuque. Oct. 13.--The safe In the
office of the Iowa Dairy Company was
tapped last night and the smooth fln-
gered individual doing the work got
away with $3.50. That the man or men
doing the work were experts Is evil
denced by the fact that the combina-
tion was worked without injuring 1t.
There Us no clue.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
csrnany psnIss a4at.m.nt.

The HaSue. VII London, Oct. Is. The
special corrsspo pondent IN Berlin Of the
Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant tele-
graphs the following:
II have been authorized by compe-
tent naval authority to say that the
submarine commander can not have
made statement to the BloomersdiJk
that all ships which had to touch at
British ports would be sunk"
IA Rotterdam dispatch on Oct. 10
quoted a report from the Holland
American line owners Of the Boomers
dix, sunk off the New England coast
last Sunday, that the submarine COM
mander informed her captain that he
would sink any ship bound by way Of
an English port" The steamer was on
her way from New York for Rotterdam
with cargo Of grain for the Dutch
government but was expected to touch
at Kirkwall en- route.l
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
Swedish vess.Is a.I....a

London, Oct. 13.-The Russian rov.
ernment has released twenty-o one Swe.
dish vessels which have been held Ia
Russian harbors. according to a Co.
penhagen dispatch.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
Russian Transports Bombarded.

Berlin, by wireless to Tuckerton.
Oct. IA successful attack by Ber-
man naval aeroplanes on Russian
transports in the Roumanian harbor Of
Constanza, on the Black sea is re-
ported in an admiralty statement is
sued under date of Oct. 12 as follows:
German sea planes during the night
ot Oct. s-1O, successfully bombarded
Russian transport steamers at Con-
stanza."
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
s.crstarv Daniel. lnvades West

Washington, Oct. 13.--Secretary Dam
iels announced today that he would
leave Sunday night to make political
addresses In Iowa. Indiana. Kentucky.
Missouri Kansas and Nebraska. He
will return Nov, 1.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
WOODWARD OFFICE ROBBED.
Yegsmen. Believed From Des Moinea
Crack Government Safe,

Des Moines. Oct. 13.--Robbers today
entered the post office at Woodward
near here, blew the safe and escaped
with a sum of money. the amount ot
which has not been learned. Local
police are working on the theory thai
the robbers went to Woodward from
Des Moines in an automobile and res
turned here after the robbery. "a
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
Forty British and French
Aeroplanes Attack Big
Arms Factory.
DROP FOUR TONS
h OF EXPLOSIVES
Six German Air Craft Defending the
Works Reported to Have Been De-
stroyed-Teutonic Armies Continue
Crushing Attacks in TransyIvania-
German Reports Claim Roumanian
Resistance Has Been Broken.

While the entente armies in
northern France and in the Austro-
Italian war theater are keeping up
their heavy blows on the lines Of
their Teutonic foe, the latter is
continuing to counter attack
heavily by delivering crushing
strokes on the Transylvanian
front.
The Roumanlans are being
forced back in northeastern
Pennsylvania, as we'll as in the
Kronstadt region, according to
current war office reports. Vienna
claims the Roumanian resistance
has been broken on both sides OF
the Maros rover, where Berlin yes
terday announced an encircline
movement in progress.
Roumanians are declared to be
in fight here, while their retreat
continues near Kronstadt, where
King Ferdinand's troops are, fall
ing back.
Italian gains in the fighting
Wednesday on the, Carso front,
where General Cadorna is pushing
toward Trieste, is admitted by
Vienna, as well as the capture Of
the town of Novovas. Elsewhere,
however. they are declared to have
failed in their attempt to advance,
and to have lost a total OF 2,7oO
prisoners in recent engagements.
An air raid carried out by forty
French and British machines on
the Mauser works at Obendorf,
Germany, during which four tons
Of explosives were dropped, and six
German machines shot down, Is
announced by Paris.
No infantry action in the Somme
region is reported by Paris today
but intense artillery action is'lcon-
tinuing. The French apparently
are preparing for another drive Iii
the regions of Morval and Boch-
avesnes, while their guns are
poundiny the 5neighborhoo OF
Chaulnef. south OF the river.
On theiS end Of the esomme front
the British advanced south Of
Bapaume during yesterdays fight
Ing, pushing in further toward the
Bapaume-Peronne road. and TAX
ing about>150 prisoners.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13
NEWS OF THE DAY
T..R. BULLETIN.
The Weather.

Sun rises Oct IA. at 6:lo: sets at
5:22.
1owa--Fair tonight; colder In east
and central portions. with frost; Sat
urday fair with rising temperature.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13

Expelled From Captured Trenches.
Petrograd, Oct. 1S.-German troops
took the offensive yesterday along the
Shara river, IN Russia, north Of the
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13

{ The boundaries OF arid and semiarid
United States roughly include two,
fifths of our continental area exclusive
of Alaska. Z. N f53 5S5 ~
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-10-13

Pinsk marshes. The war office an
nGunced today that the Germans cap
tured trench but were later ex-
PEELED.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1916-10-28
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION

Department Of the Int flor, U. S
Land Office at Boise, IdaAo, Sept. ~,
1916.
Notice 10 hereby given that Luke
M. Barker, of Bennett, IdaLo who, OH
July s, 1913, made Homestead Entry,
No. 014713, for Lots 2, 3, 4, Section
4; Lots /, 2, SWA NEA, Section 8,
township 2 south, range east, Boise
Meridian, and ON November rs, 1915,
made additional entry O18468 for
NWA SEA, NEA SWA, Section s,
T. s., r. 9 E., B M, has filed notice
Of intention to make three year Proof,
to establish claim to the land above
described, before w. C.. Howie, U. s.
Commissioner, at his office, at
Mountain Home, Idaho, on the Sth day
of November, 1916.
Claimant names as Witnesses:
G. H. Sloan, Max Wagner, Fred
Cooper all of Bennett, Idaho, and
John Hoffman OF Mountain Home,
Idaho.
Frank 8. Heer,
Register.
Sent 30.Oct "a
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1916-10-28
y-23 1878
ALIS SUM MONS

ALTO CUMMING
In the Probate Court Of Elmore
county, State Of Idaho.
Anna q. Harvey, Plaintiff We. John
r. Birch, Defendant.
The State OF Idaho sends greetings
to the above named Defendant.
You are hereby summond to ap-
pear in the above entitled Court to
DO held at the Court House in
Mountain Home in said county, in
he above entitled cause at 10 O'Clock
A. M. upon the 9th, day of Dec
smber 1916, and answer plaintiffs
complaint ON file in said Court, or
plaintiff will take judgment against
you as prayed in said complaint, to-
wit Four Hundred One and Thirty
five ($401. $50 Dollars and cost OF
suit.
Witness My hand this End day Of
October 1915
P. H. GRAY.
Probate Judge and ex-Officio Clerk
OF the Probate Court.
Sessions & Harvey attorneys for
Plaintiff residing at Mountain Home,
Idaho.
Oct. NOV. 4.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1916-10-28
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.
Sept. 30-Oct. 2S.

Department OF the Interior, U. S.
Land Office at Boise, Idaho, Sept.
18th, 1915.
Notice is hereby given that Emlen
G. Mays, of Sunnyside, Idaho, who
ON April 10Th, 1913, made Home
stead Entry. No. 014353, for E1z
SEA, Sec. % and Ma SWA. Sec "a,
and Add. No. O17961 for SR SWA,
We SEA, See. "a. Township / S.,
Range E., Boise Meridian, has filed
notice Of intention to make Three
Year Proof, to establish claim to the
land above described, before The
Register & Receiver of the U. S.
Land Office, at Boise, Idaho, on the
10th day of November, 1916.
Claimant names as witnesses:
Jasper N. Vanderford, and Guy o.
Vanderford both of Thurman, Idaho.
and E. A. Wilmot of Sunnyside, Idaho
and Cyrus o. Smith OF Idaho City.
Idaho.
Frank S. Heer,
Register.
Sept. 80. Oct. a.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1916-10-28
NOTICE TO CREDITORS.

E.tate OF Caroline Anterior Smith De
ceased.
Notice is hereby given by the un-
dersigned, administrator, with VIII
annexed, of the estate OF Caroline
Atherton Smith deceased, to the
creditors OF and all persons having
claims agains the said deceased, 70
exhibit them with the necessary
vouchers within ten months after the
first publication of this notice, to the
said administrator, at the store OF
said administrator, in Mountain Home
County of Elmore, State OF Idaho,
this being the place fixed for the
transaction OF the business OF SAID
estate.
Dated September 25th., 1916.
Roscoe w. Smith,
Administrator, with will annexed
Sept. 3O-Oct. rs.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1916-10-28
9-23 1928
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION

NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION
Department of the Interior, U. s.
Land Office at Boise, Idaho, Sept.
18th. 1916.
Notice is hereby given that Lester
j. Engleman. of Prairie, Idaho, who.
on March 18th. 1913. made Home
stead Entry, No. 0141S1, for NEA
NWA. N1aNEA. SWANEA. Section
~. Township North. Range east,
Boise Meridian, has filed notice OF
intention TO make Three Year Proof,
to establish claim to the land above
described, before The Register and
Receiver OF the U. S. Land Office.
at Boise, Idaho, ON the 25th day OF
October. 1915.
Claimant names rs witnesses:
William Norton, Volne Holland,
Frank Jacobs George Licklider. all
OF Prairie Idaho.
FRANK S. HEIR,
Register.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1916-10-28
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION

NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION
Department Of the Interior. U. s.
Land Office at Boise. Idaho. Sept.
18th, 1916.
Notice is hereby given that Nellie
V. Whipple. OF Lenox, Idaho, who on
April 7th, 1914, made Desert Entry,
No. O15853, for Lots 3. 4, NEA SWA
Section 10. Township 2 NJ. Range
b., Boise Meridian. has filed notice
of intention to make final Proof. to
esta bish claim to the land above de-
scflbed, before Register & Receiver
of the U. S. Land Office, at Boise.
Idaho, on the 18th day Of Oct. 1916.
Claimant names az Witnesses:
M. M. Jacobs. William Holtslaw,
Coletta M. Aulback. Arden Il. Finch,
all OF Lenox, Idaho.
FRANK s. HEER,
Register.
|
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1916-10-28
Proposed Constitutional Amendmel


Shall the State of Idaho be amended by ad
ding to Article fobddng the manufac
u keeping sale and transportation for sale OF nox
eating liquors from and after the first day
of May 1917 the Legislature enforce such amend
ment by needful legYlation?'
Which election will be open at eight o
O'Clock in the evening of the same day.
Dated this 18th day of October, 1916.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1916-10-28

"Sha Section Eight (8 of Article Nine 9) of the Constitu
Idaho be amended permit the sale of One Hun
dred OO of school land place of Twenty five 2
sections sold bdvons of exceeding Three Hundred
Twenty 32O land any individual
corporationG'
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-11-16
UNITED STATES SENATOR.

FOR THE AMENDMENT. Observation-Disclosures.
AGAINST THE AMENDMENT. ....,.... ..........
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-11-16
Tests Of Alfalfa Seed.

The Seed Labratory Of the United
States Department of Agriculture,
and also the seed laboratories of
many Of the experiment stations Of
the State colleges Of agriculture,
will make without charge tests Of
alfalfa seed and other seeds both
for purity and termination. The
test for purity determines the per-
centage Of pure seed and weed seeds,
including dodder. Samples sent to
the department should be addressed
10 the Seed laboratory, United
States Department of Agriculture,
Washington. ID. G. The name and
address Of the seller, the year and
place Of growth, the price paid and
the name and address Of the sender
of the seed should accompany the
sample in so far as this information
can be given.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-11-16
Fall Garden Cleaning.

Garden cleaning in the fall is a.
important in its way as house clean
ing in the spring, whether flowers
or vegetables make up the garden
plot. The achievement Of garden
cleanliness at this season will often
do much toward insuring healthiness
and thriftiness Of plants during the
next growing season. The foliage
aud branches of plants which have
been attacked by disease or badly
infected by insect pests should be
cleaned up especially we'll aud
burned.
II it is possible or desirable TO
clean away plants from some por-
tions Of the garden before frost,
snch areas may well be sown TO rye
as cover crop, the growth 70 be
turned under in early spring. Incl
dentally, also. the patches OF green
viii give the otherwise bare garden
a cleanly and more cheerful appear
ance during the winter.
It is after frost that clearing IS
most needle in the garden. When
annual plants have been nipped,
those that may barber disease or in
sect pests should be cut down or
dug up and burned. II the soft
leaved plants which will rot easily
are free from disease aud insects
they may be tarned under advantage
ously At this time. Il IL not we'll.
however to turn under tree leaves,
especially such tough leaves a. those
from oaks. These make valuable
compost when rotied, bat usually
require tEo years for proper decom.
position. They should DO collected
aud placed in compost pile or pi,
maintained 10 a convenient location.
Soil, wood ashes. lime and fresh
manure should BE- MIXED IN the com.
down asparagus bushes. This
should be done after the foliage
dies. The old canes Of black rasp-
berries also should be cut out a.
this time. II there is reason 70 be-
Iieve that the trimminga hArbor dis.
ease spores or insects, they should
be burned. Rhubarb leaves should
be removed in the late fall and the
crowns fnulched with straw or ma
nnre.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-11-16

While It is still too early to definitely deter
mine BY what margin the Democrats will con-
troll the joint branches Of Congress. and the
fact that the Republicans may have one or
more members in the majority in the House,
still we need have no fear that the constructive
and progressive legislation that characterized the
policies Of the past three and half years viii
Be materially departed from. We viii have
Wilson, Peace, Prosperity and Preparedncs
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-11-16

Having decided 70 remove 70 Wash
Iuton City, we win offer for sale by
public auction on the premises. on
TUESDAY. NOV. q. 1916.
the farm. known as ''Hnrd's Purchase. =
containing l67 acres. more or iesA, with
seven-room dwelling and all necessary
outbuiidings: also
s Young Horses, s Cows. Hogs,
Farm Implements. Farm Wagons.
| Wheat Drill. Binder. 2 Mowers.
] Disc Harrow. Sulky Plow, Corn.
Fodder. Hay. Household and KiteE~
en- Furniture.
Terme % Sale Real Estate --onc.
bali caah; balance In three years Per
sonaI Property all sums under so,
cash; all over 800 credit Of 0 months
will be given, with approved security.
JOSEPH +. MkTTlNGLY.
HATTIE MATTINGLY.
W b. Long. Auct. Itl-l6-2t.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-11-16

OF Real Estate and Personal Property
at the home Of the late Mrs. Geo.
II. Mattingly, near GRANVILLE. Nd.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-11-16
Application for Oyster Ground

hpplcAnt-I- Raymond DIXON.
Address-Sandgaies.
Acres Six.
Located on the aouihwcsterly side
nf Iho Patuxcnt River, between FOREST
Wharf and the litslr church on shore
and south and adjoining 10 The lot
leased 70 stephen ~ Jones, IS shown
on published chart No. 10.
Protests must be alad In Circuit
Court for 81 Mary's county on ar lie
fore December %. 1916.
Conservation Commission Of Mary
land. iii-a-at.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-11-16
Public Sale d Personal Properly.


will offer for sale by public auction
on
TUESDAY, NOV. 81, 1918,
% premises where nov reside. near
Ridge, Md,
5 Horse, tall young1 ; Colts, one
year old next Spring, Colts.
3 years old next Spring, Mich
Cows, lall youngl head OF other
Stock, 2 years old.
Terms OF Sale All sums under so,
CASH over that amount, credit OF /
months, with approved security will be
given.
COLUMBUS o. ADAMS.
11-i8-it.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-11-16

The old tino Thanksgiving Oyster
Supper and Social % s. Michael's
Half viii take place TUESDAY. NOV.
The Oyster Supper and Special Mn-
sic al ST. Georges Hall. NOV. %
All come li-a.td.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1916-11-16
MEMBER OF CONGRESS.
DISTRICTS.

DISTRICTS.
2 81 30 5 Il
% % 50 Al q 81 30 % IS o. 2s7
u 3 p a 81