The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-12-13
GERMANY'S GREATEST
 INVENTOR

High above the achievements of German kings, warriors and states men, when final balance Is struck. will be found the accomplishments of Teuton scientists. Whatever the passions and prejudices of the hour. the world is forced to the recognition that in the domain of science the German mind is at it's best; and, if it's product is now turned to the work of destruction, it is not to be for gotten that it has served, and will again serve, in the tasks of peace and civilization. In the domain of prac- tical science and invention, Germany has no greater name than that of Siemens. and the memory of the eld- CT brothers of that name, Baron. Ernst Werner von Seimens, will be honored by German scientific soci- cities to-day on the occasion of the centenary of his birth.
 The electrict railway, the electric dynamo, and many other develop ments of modern electrical science, owe their inception in large part to Baron von Siemens, while his young CT brother, Sir Charles William Sie- mems, won knighthood and high honors in England through his labors in developing the applications of heat and of, electricity.
 Ernst Werner Siemens was born in Lenthe, Hanover, on Dec. 13, 1816. He was educated in the School of Artillery and Engineering at Berlin, and joined the Prussian artillery, at taining the rank of lieutenant in 7Q27 Fo rlx i, 1oi showed scientific tastes, and in 1841 took out his first patent, for galvanic silver and gold plating. He assumed the lead in developing the telegraphic system of Prussia, and in this con- nection discovered the valuable fn- sulating property of gutta-percha for underground and submarine cables. With these insulated wires he suc- ceeded in laying the first submarine mines with electric ignition, for the protection of the Kiel harbor In l848 he constructed the first great telegraph line in Germany, between Berlin and Frankfort Main, and little later a subterranean line be- tween Berlin andCologne. In 1850 Siemens retired from the government service and founded the great electric works of Siemens and Halske. in Berlin, which became one of the most important centers for the application of electricity to the Industrial arts.
 His young brother, Carl Wilhelm, early achieved prominence as al electric engineer, but transferred his allegiance to Great Britain, whers great works were opened under the name of Siemens Brothers
 One of the most notable of the many achievements of Siemens was the invention of the electric railway. He exhibited a short line at a Berlin exhibition in 1879 and two years lat CT opened the worlds first trolley line in Berlin, the cars developing a speed of Is 1-2 miles an hour in the trials It was in America, however, that the commercial possibilities of electrical traction were first fully developed, His many inventions included the Siemens unit, or quicksilver unit. Inv which exact and comparative meas urements became possible for the first time; the Siemens armature: the dynamo-electric machine. the principles of which he announced in 1867; the pneumatic dispatch tube system; methods of testing submarine cables for determining the position of faults, and the Siemens aIcoholi. meter.
 The inventor was created a baron and given the won" of nobility bv Emperor Frederick in 1888. his younger brother having been knieht- ed by Queen Victoria five years pre- viously. Baron von Siemens died in Berlin in 1892, Sir Charles William having died in London in 1888.