davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1916-01-15
NEW YORK MONEY.

New York. Jan. H-Can money today opened at
IA Isr cent: high. PEE cSnt; low. l& per cent;
renewals. IL per cent; ruling rate. k per cent
closed. yer cent
Business in time money consisted principally in
renewing maturing loans. which are falling due
IN considerable volume this month New business
light in volume and mainly restricted to in
dustrial loans Rates were 2a2s per cent for
sixty days. ~ per cent for ninety days. Zs4a3 per
cent for four. i've and six months.
Commercial paper sales continued TO be made
at per cent for the most attractive running
for six months From there the rate for the
general run Of prime paper ranged to ~ per cent.
Offerings were sill on . anan scale.
The Washington herald., 1916-01-15

ansorbed minions Of bushels Of long wheat which
ss rosn into the pit on the ffee wheat reports
count eay, but as the price declined investors
bought freely. The sales Of cash wheat were g. 900
bushels OF which 500 bushels were for erporf.
Inc se2ooard reported 10000 bushels Of wheat sold
TO go abroad
Losses of to cents made in oats with
the deennes In the other grains the leading in
nnenee: Cash sales were i45 900 bushels OF which
lower all around.
The Washington herald., 1916-01-15
Bakery Selesnen Eject.

j. T. German was elected president of
the Bakery sslesmen's Union. Local No.
.. at meeting at - O street northwest
Thursday night. Other officers elected
werei T. c. Fox, vice PRESIDENT James l.
Considine, recording secretary; Joseph K
Toone, secretary sDd treasurer and
business agent: and J. r. Aahan, II.
schad. and C. Herbert. trustees. Five
oeiesates to the Central Labor Union
The Washington herald., 1916-01-15
REAL ESTATE TRANSFERS.

Mount Pleasant and Pleasant Plains-Alvin L New
myer, committee to Catherine 0sa. ess haf lot
Is block 10, 81 so.
saul's Addition-Rcpe<t D. suter q al. 10 Marion
e suter. part lot 6. squa-s Dn. 80; stamp. %
ssul's Additioo-Robet d. suter et to Marian
c. hompsoo. part lot 6, square 1ss. 80; stamp.
80 ccuts
Twelfth street between ] and strerts-Charies N.
Corson to S. Dallas Tucker lot s.. sluse 50.
SO; stamp $50
ms and g6 Fuurteenth strcet oorthves-Jsn1 ].
Becker ct al, trustees TO Enna J. Walter, lots
70 and 80 soyAre "a S.
Isz street snd'Iss and lk5 Kinsnan placs north
wes-Enoch R. Spzldinx e TO Mary T.
spaldns. lots is, 10. and Il. sluare 2A, so;
stamp 80 cents.
Shervood-A W. Risis ct VI. to Doodens Lansins
and Thomas E Cross lot O. square sso q;
stamp, 50 cents
lTl4 Fourth street porthw-&-willism B. Carroll ct
to Celia sepio part lot CO. square 1. so
stamp. 50 cents
I7I4 Fourth street northvest-Oeiis Scpso TO Kaae
s. Carroll. SO; stamp 80 csnts.
II street soutbesst-Jacob Silvermsn q uI. 70
Morris Silverman. lo 81, square ~, Se; stamp.
20 csn1.
SIS street northwes-Barnett Cohen e III. 70
Rebeckie F1eemsn. part original lot g. suusre IS.
80; stamp, c-nts
its Thirty-fou street norhvst-Ethel NJ. Rulty
10 Prank A. 0'Nel trustee, part lot q, ssusr.
l2s; stamp, 50 cents
Florida avenue between Twelfth and rireenth
streets northezs-Georre Y Worthinston et al. 70
william b, Rayner, lots 80 to 81. square loo2 so;
stamp, 81 tsubject to trust S.7oo.
The Washington herald., 1916-01-15
New York.
New Orleans.
CHICAGO GRAIN MARKETS.

Chicago, Jan. A-Ths bears in -<heat indIlged
in additional talk Of free Canadian wheat" Ons
message said that bill has already been introduced
in the Canadian Parlianent for the removal Of duty
on wheat and that Western Canadian farmers are
again urging their case before the legislators at
Ottawa. While the rumors shoat were enough to
cause momentAry price setbscks Of 2a2A cents,
they were generally discredited. as there were re-
actions Of y to Y cent. and closing prices wer.
around u cent lower for the day. The market
The Washington herald., 1916-01-15

pany had closed a large war order with
Great Britain. and that December earn
ings were 81. .25oo00.
The belated participation of Corn Prod
ucts in the Industrial advance was wit
messed with much qualification. The rise
came like "a bolt out Of clear sky"
and the stock was at new high price
before the rank and file could get aboard.
The rise was accompanied by revived. re-
ports that the company would probably
win the government suit brought against
II. Earnings for the last quarter of last
year were also said to have been well
ahead of 1914
The Washington herald., 1916-01-15

Rats are described by soldiers along ths
western front as worse than theven~my.
Bicycle tires for soup. the conteAo of
frs1 aid package as horx c'ouvre&' asd
for the roast course a couple of pair OF
TO the rodents.
The Washington herald., 1916-01-15
WASHINGTON PRODUCE.

Quotations given below for large lots of sood
marketable goods only Jobbers' prices higher.
Lower grades may be sold for less Fancy goods
command higher prices.
Receipts Of produce yesterday were considered
somewhat light, allowing the market TO clean up
at the end Of the week and get in good shape
for next week. Veal calves IN light sup
ply, their figures reaching a finn II cents for the
choice Turkeys little easier owing to
a lighter demand and supply here. Other poultry
continued firm.
The Washington herald., 1916-01-15

The United States Bureau Of Fisheries
is having motion picture films made of
the work II is doing to advance the fish
ing industry and will have them exhibit
ed wherever they may be of interest
The Washington herald., 1916-01-15
WASHINGTON STOCK EXCHANGE.
Furnished by w. b. Hibbs 4 Co.
SALES

SALES
CaTttsl Traction IS. sl.oD at lox.
American Graphophone lst s., 81 600 at g. 81. 900
at g. 5000 at -.
Capital Traction, 10 at IS 10 at g. at 9. at
s.. . at 50. 5 at > 10 at ss 70 at e.
Washington Railway & Electric preferred. at
s.. 3 at 50. IS at ss.
After call:
American Security & Trust. l At 20.
Washington Railway & Electric Is 81 900 at 81.
Potomac Electric Consolidated per cent. A,op
at g7a.
The Washington herald., 1916-01-15

were chosen ss follows: J. z. Tcn>. ,.
7, German. r. T. Donaldson. 7. c, Fcx
and J. L. Consscsne.
The Washington herald., 1916-01-15
BALTIMORE STOCK MARKET.

Baltimce Nd. Jan. a.
BALTIMORE CITY STOCKS tRes.l
Bid. Asked
The Washington herald., 1916-01-15
DIRECTORS.

George W. Gray
william d. Hoover
George Howard
Reginald S. Huidekopei
o. II. p. johnson
Thomas r Jones
Victor Kaurmsnh
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-03-23
Fighting Moths
With Parasites

Over 100000 specimens Of two
parasites which prey on the gypsy
moth and brown-tail moth were re-
leased in 2O1 towns in Maine, New
Hampshire. Massachusetts and Rhode
Island during the fall of 1914 and
spring of 1915, according to the annual
report Of the Bureau Of Entomology,
United States Department Of Agricul-
ture.
AS result of the successful estab-
lichment Of colonies Of the Sc and other
parasites which feed on the gypsy
and browntail moths, marked prog
ress is being made In reducing these
pests Effective cooperation is being
afforded by the States, which carry
on as much work as possible within
the infested areas, thus allowing the
Federal authorities to carry on field
work along the outer border Of in
festation, SO as to retard the gypsy
moths spread.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-03-23
MEASURES OF FARM EFFICIENCY

There are certain factors on which
the success of farm business usually
depends. From these it is usually
possible to determine not only the
good points in a system Of farming
but also it's deficiencies. The latter
being known, the method Of improv-
ing the system becomes evident
On great majority Of farms, sue
cess Is primarily dependent on three
important factors. These are % the
size Of the farm business; CD the
yields Of the crops and the returns
per animal, representing the quality
of the farm business; and co the d.
versity of the business. OF course
many other things have their influence,
but the farmer whose business is eff
Client in these three respects is gen.
orally successful. Those farms that
are excellent in none Of these respects
almost universally fail Those de-
ficient In one or two may succeed, but
their chances Of success are greatly
lessened
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-03-23

f1anker.

which produce a large amount Of
edible product for the space occupied.
Whether the garden is on the
farm, in the village or on the
city lot, the principles govern
ing its planting and care are the
same although the distances Of plant
ing, methods of tillage, and intensity
Of cropping may differ widely. On
the farm, the saving Of labor is more
important than the saving Of space;
even the small vegetable are planted
in long rows rather than in beds; and
horse power is substituted for hand
power wherever possible. In the vii
lage and the city, the vegetables must
usually be planted as closely as the
nature of their growth will permit.
Much loss of time in planting a
garden can be avoided by making a
definite plan Of the garden several
weeks or even months before the
planting is to begin. After measuring
the area to be used for the garden,
the next step Is to decide what vege-
tables are to be grown. II space Is
ample. this will be determined pri-
marily by the personal tastes Of the
gardener and his family. However. If
only a limited amount of time and at
tention can be given the garden, it
may be wise not to undertake the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-03-23
BY o. NJ. KILE.

germs which cause these diseases or
dfnarily enter the water supply
through surface wash or run-off fol-
lowing a rain.
A we'll can be protected from pollu-
tight casing or lining six or eight
inches above the ground and COVERING
with a water tight concrete curb hav-
ing slope, away from the center, In
every direction. This cover should
extend at least one foot beyond the
edge Of dug WELL and should never
be less than seven feet in diameter
for driven we'll. A drain trough
should, of course, be provided to catch
the drip and convey it away to safe
distance. An open drain passing
around the well at a distance Of four
or five feet from this curb and lead
Ing off to the drip drain tile will help
prevent the entrance of surface waters
that wash down from higher point.
In many cases, however, the diff
Guilty is of more serious nature.
The qualification of the clay, gravel,
and rocks through which the well Is
sunk, may be such as to cause percO-
latlng water from nearby source of
Infection to be lead directly into the
we'll. In other instances the soil sur
rounding the well may become so
thoroughly and so constantly satu-
rated with polluted seepage waters
that it will no longer perform it's func-
ton as filter, and germ laden waters
are allowed to pass into the WELL For
these reasons the location of the we'll
is OF prime impOrtanca
Considered from the standpoint Of
convenience, the well should be To-
Gated as near the kitchen as possible.
But whenever such location would in
volve any danger of contamination
due to surface drainage or to an in
adequate kitchen sewerage disposal
system, a location on higher ground
and above this source of contamina ton
should be selected. Select a site
where drainage and seepage from
barnyards, stock pens, and manure
pits lead away from the we'll rather
than toward 1t.
Driven and drilled wells are much
safer than dug ellis, not only because
the former are usually sunk to a
greater depth bu. because they are
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-03-23

son Of Its sleeping or dining-porch
and its overshadowing caves or trees.
| So, too, with planting; we want an
! Illinois way Of landscape gardening
that will be like an old-fashioned ship
every line for use, and not single
dollar for mere show. Let us plant
only what is necessary, profitable or
| reasonable, and the result cannot help
being beautiful!
THE greatest enemy of the farmer"
says. Theodore Roosevelt, lis the
wind" Clearly the first step then is
to provide shelter from the biting
winds of winter and the drying winds
Of summer
IAN Illinois farmer wanted to sell
his farm, but could not find buyer.
The reason for this, which no one
realized, was the ugly, bad-smelling
barnyard right across the road from
the house. One night the barn burned
down, and after that the farmer sold
his farm for more than he had asked
before. The reason was two-fold; The
unsightly barnyard was removed. and
a fine view Of the prairie which no one
had ever seen was revealed. Can't
you arrange your windbreak so that it
will also act as a screen-hiding some
barnyard. outbuilding. telephone wires,
billboard, or advertisement-cover
building? The humblest renter can
at least cover the clubhouse in a single
season without cost, by the aid of wild
cucumber vines. Wild grape or
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-03-23

The appropriate use of trees, shrubs,
vines, and herbaceous plants in the
adornment of city, village, suburban
OF country home grounds gives a
charm and beauty which are inter-
'estng and pleasing to the passer-by
as we'll as to the occupant Of the home.
Plants are means of expressing
restfulness and beauty. Their grad
ualiy changing aspect with the sue
cession of the seasons heightens their
pleasing effect and relieves monotony.
The changes which occur in the life
of vegetation during the year have
caused man to speak Of the stages Of
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-03-23
Believing that the time is ripe for

Believing that the time is ripe for
the. dissemination of knowledge on
this important subject, and in order
to urge all Illinois farmers and sur
burban jewellers especially, to make
immediate progress along the lines OF
home beauty, the University Of ILL
nois has prepared, at considerable eX-
pense, circulars which are veritable
works of art. Copies Of these are sent
free to anyone in Illinois who will
sign a promise to do some permanent
ornamental planting within a year.
The following is from circular ITO,
THE Illinois Way Of beautifying the
Farm" by Wilhelm Miller.
What we want in this State is an
Illinois Way Of farm architecture and
gardening. We want something better
than the type we see everywhere
the wooden citified house, that is
loaded with gingerbread. painted in a
half-doZen gaudy colors, and without
single tree or shrub to reconcile it
with it's natural surroundings Our
first job is to build houses that will
fit the prairie climate, soil, labor con-
ditions, life and landscape.
The Illinois farmhouse must be
better adapted to our climate than the
tenant house of the Corn Belt for the
winter winds sweep right through such
is "a regular oven We want a house
that is warm at twenty below zero.
and cool during corn weather, by rea-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-03-23
Washing and Leaching
of Manure

Farmers have been so accustomed to
throw the manure from the stable In a
pile In the barnyard, and leave 1t until
1t Is convenient to haul 1t to the fields,
that they do not give the matter or
loss by washing and teaching any
consideration. Usually but little CT tina
value of the solids of the manure Is
lost In the stable, but great losses oc-
cur after It Is thrown In pile. The
manure in the stable. saturated by the
urine contains more than so per cent
water. The moisture in the manure
holds in solution the greater part OF
the plant foods which the manure
contains. When the rains fall upon
the manure and the water from the
melted snow soaks into 1t, the teaching
process carries away much Of the
soluble plant foods and 1t IL lost be-
yond recovery, for It is either carried
away in the water a. 1t flows In the
surface to the streams, or sinks into
the ground where, for all practical
purposes, 1t is wasted.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-03-23
! Diversity Of
Farm Enterprises

IN most cases where studies on the
profits In farming have been made
particularly in our oldest agricultural
*districts, such studies indicate that
the most successful farms are those
which have from two to four major
seources OF income; t. O., they have a
Well-balanced and diversified business.
An certain instances it may pay better
20 have only one enterprise, but
usually when one crop pays much
better than all others the production
- II increases rapidly and soon the
price falls to the point where other
|erops or products are equally as
spsUntAhle. Diversified farming is
SOften confused with farming where
|eher~ y = little Of everything and not
smnch Of anything. Either extreme
11oeDens the chances of success. When
me price of certain crops is very low
|then live stock usually becomes de-
oirable. However, II the returns per
animal are poor. cash crops even at
low price are essential. A we'll ball
anoed business insures against losses
md provides much better utiliza-
taon Of the labor and equipment.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-03-23

Sand Box Filter for Cistern. All
Water entering the Cistern Must Pass
Through the Filter. The Sand Can
Easily be Removed and Replaced With
Clean Sand.
ment Of the cistern, a prominent au-
thority, Robert w. Trullinger, states
as follows: g..
The cistern should be Of water
tight construction, to prevent leakage
and to prevent pollution from neigh
boring soil. 1t should have an over
flow drain and tight cover. There
should also be suitable provision for
straining or flltering the water pre-
vious to it's entrance to the cistern.
Concrete Is probably the most sani-
tary and durable material for cisterns.
In general, the walls and floor should
be or 8 inches thick and we'll rein
forced and the concrete should be
carefully proportioned and mixed. A
mixture Of one part cement to 2 or
212 parts Of clean, sharp sand and 4 or
parts of clean and fairly small
crushed rock or gravel is satisfactory
for fairly water-tight concrete. The
inside surface should be coated with
a to cement mortar"
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-03-23

trumpet-creeper Will do q better fob,
and anyone who has two hands, 9
wheelbarrow, and a spade, can dig UT
enough elder and sumach from the
roadside to make the outbuildings de-
cent without delay Evergreens make
ideal screens because they are effective
the year round. If these are not
thrifty In your locality, try lattice.
This may cost something for material
and labor, but it Is worth It, because
1t hides that outbuilding or ash heap
without delay, both summer and win
ter.
'The STABILITY Of a property is often
influenced by the first impression
which the public gets of the house. If
you see a house too far away, it seems
mean or small; If you turn . corner
and are suddenly confronted by the
house, the approach Is too abrupt. A
point where 1t appears to the best
advantage. Remember this when
choosing a site for your new house.
If the location is fixed, can't you re-
arrange your drive? For instance. If
the house Is visible too far away, curve
your drive and plant the curves, 90
that the house will be hidden until
you come to the best place for reveal
ing it.
"A background makes all the differ
ence between a house and a home.
Your house will be twice as easy to
sell If it 10 seen against woods or
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-03-23
FARM-CLUB NOTES.

= Kansas mother daughter canning
club, consisting of IL mothers and IL
edaughters, canned 1000 quarts of
Homegrown products last season. &C
E4cording to report from the State
agent.
q Wyoming club boy Is reported 70
nave produced 70 bushels Of potatoes
ON one-eighth acre. He made a net
profit Of $8o.65 and also earne. the
state championship.
"a boys corn club in Minnesota last
@gear sold between 200 and 800 bushels
~ seed corn at 81 bushel.
The champion potato-club boy of
ontana is reported to have produced
III bushels Of potatoes on his one
6eenth-acre plat at cost Of $3.50.
e. 1is net profit was $4727.
Several fruit-growers stated at a
scent Minnesota horticultural society's
neeting that they were able to got
epp prices for fruit sod through com
/. ission men. Inquiry showed that
SsnSso men have esta blished g. reputa-
1lon Tor good packing and good fruit
ne the commission men are anxious
Ssso set their fruit.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-03-23
BY j. w. LLOYD.

growing of some of the more exacting
crops. Whatever the space to be de-
voted. to gardening, the crops to be
grown should be decided upon long
before the time of planting.
In planning the garden, it is well to
arrange the vegetables in the order in
which they are to be planted. This
facilitates the preparation of the land
for planting. and makes it possible to
maintain the implanted portion in a
good friable condition with the least
expenditure of labor. In order that
the vegetables may be so arranged, it
Is necessary to know the proper time
for planting each crop. This depends
primarily upon the temperature and
moisture requirements of the particu-
lar crop in question.
The arrangement Of the garden as
to length Of rows and time Of planting,
Is not the only labor-saving feature
that should characterize the typical
farmers graden. Field methods
should be practiced in preparing the
land for planting, and as much pre-
liminary work done in the fall as is
possible, for the sake of both securing
an early garden and reducing the
amount Of labor in spring. After the
land Is cleared Of refuse from preced-
ing crops, it should be heavily ma
nured, and plowed in the fall. The
amount of manure to be applied will
depend somewhat upon the fertility Of
the land, but more largely upon the
trueness Of the farmers conception OF
the plant food requirements Of garden
crops The best gardens are possible
only where plant food is supplied
much more literally than Is considered
ample for field crops. Forty tons Of
manure per acre is q very moderate
application for garden crops and this
amount should be applied annually,
even on soils already rich, II maxi
mum crops of vegetables are to be
grown.
The blowing under of manure in the
fall hastens the drying out Of the soil
In the spring, so that planting may
begin earlier than if the manuring and
blowing were deferred until spring.
This is both because the soil actually
dries out earlier. and, also because no
time is lost in manuring or blowing
after the soil has reached workable
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-03-23
The Apple as Medicine

A modern scoffsr has recently aske
whether it would be possible that e"
yielded to the serpent because he to
her that apples were good for the corr :
plexion. Whether this argument waS
needed or not there IL no questicn
that 1t IL a true one. Nothing in al
our varied and fascinating range OF
fruits holds quite the same quality as
the apple.
A raw, ripe apple a. its best is
digested in IS minutes, and the malic
acid which gives it its distinctive char
acter stimulates the liver, assists d.
gestion and neutralizes much noxious
matter which. if not eliminated. nr2-
duces eruptions Of the skin. The"
do net satisfy like potatoes" sor7
people have said to whom they f"-,'
been recommended as food; hut =
sta~ch IF the potato. added to TIL
plus Of starcl we are always 81
renders it r~dosi~aflo "S ~ ~
of too FREQUENT consun' Dticn.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-03-23
)! tightening
Crooked Trees

founs trses with crooked trunks,
lher fsum wind pressure or from
sSeteoEtton in the nursery may be
SetfaaghAened easily. as follows: Be-
s4ore the sap starts in the spring make
Waeaut three parallel Sits lengthwise
80 the trunk on the conceived side of
the trunk. This will arrest the flow
of sap ct that point. causing the bark
Eto thicken. This In turn will produce
~ gnArled spot in the wood, like
wedge. exerting its force at right an
4 Ties to the trunk, Strengthening out
RShs most obstinate deformities. But
&4his must be done while the tree is
young, or the bark-wedge cannot
Hexcrt sufficient force to bend the
scrooked trunk. This scheme Is par
S1cularly useful in strengthening rr the
Bosc and other pear trees, which are,
Tor some unknown reason, almost al
ways deformed by nature.