davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-06-06

Get your Want in today. you'n get
results tomorrow.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-06-06

and wearing apparel. which he says
was ruined.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20
Of Fen Things Women
DO in cAddition TO
Housekeeping

Il is asserted, as . logical conclusion,
that the great increase in the number
Of divorces OF late years has been
largely due to the fact that women are
not as dependent as their grandmoth-
ers were. With the knowledge and
ability 70 encompass her own support,
the woman Of to- day is not disposed TO
put Up with conditions that are unsat-
isfactory in the marriage relation
This class, too, make good as wage
earners in q larger percentage than Is
true Of the general run Of their sex
The conclusion Is growing that WON
ans chief business In life is to be
busy about something-to do with her
might, and professionally, not In
lackadaisical. amateurish way. what
ever her hand finds to do-be II home-
keeping or blacksmithing. nursing or
engineering.
The homemaker often finds that she
must buy the four, as well as make the
bread, and a vocation" or trade Is
an anchor 70 windward for the most
home-loving Of women.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20

Forty-one lumberwomen.
Forty woodchoppers.
Thirty-nine operatives OF gold and
silver mines.
Forty-fve quarry workers.
Thirty-one blacksmiths.
Fifteen female stone and brick
masons.
Eight hundred and forty-nine build
ers and contractors.
Ninety-two electricians and electrical
engineers.
Thirty-eight regular carpenters.
Ten stationary engineers.
Ninety-three machinists and tool
makers,
Twenty-four tin and copper smiths.
One hundred and seventeen moulders.
founders and casters.
Seventy-three draywomen, express
women and teamsters.
Five civil and mining engineers.
Six hostlers and stable hands.
Eight plasterers.
Five whitewashers.
Four butchers and meat dressers-
Twenty-seven meat cutters.
Five stonecutters.
Four managers of lumber camps.
Forty-four female stevedores and
longshorewomen.
Fifty-two switch tenders and flag
women.
One hundred and three guards, door
keeps and watch women.
One hundred and fifty delivery
women.
Two hundred and fifty barkeepers.
Seventy-three porters.
Five auctioneers.
Eight hundred and thirteen under
takers.
About one out of every four women
is a wage Garner, and it is rapidly COM
ing to pass that women receive just as
good pay as men, though this condition
does not prevail universally now.
In fact, out Of the Sl3 vocations list
ed in this country, all but nine have
women workers upon their rolls.
So far, statistics tell US that there
are no women locomotive engineers or
firemen, plumbers, gasfitters, brake
men, street or steam railway conduc-
tors, motormen, soldiers, sailors or ma
rines, steam boilermakers or road and
street builders and repairers. Gan ex-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20
Candied Watermelon Rind.

room should be, necessarily, one that
adjoins the kitchen, TO facilitate the
serving Of meals. and should have the
same characteristics OF brightness and
daintiness as the masters dining room.
IL should in no case be elaborate, but
should have. preferably, painted walls.
because Of its proximity to the kitchen
with its fumes Of cooking and smoke.
A room Of this character can be at
,ractiyely furnished with a painted
wooden sideboard covered with a nat
ural linen runner on which plates OF a
blue and white service can be displayed
or Of the brilliant peasant pot.eries,
that are both durable and iaexpensive
The chairs and tables should match
and, II the room is also 20 be used as .
sitting room. comfortable arm chair
should be placed by the window with
q small table near BY, on which maya
zines and books, that have been read
and discarded from the library table.
will be found post acceptable.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20

made to share larger room and pos
sibly a bed with another occupant,
and will give her the sense Of privacy
that we all enjoy.
Then, again, rarely do two people
like the same amount OF bed cover
ing; some prefer 70 sleep in utter
darkness, some with faint light and
so on throughout numerous details that
give rise to difference OF opinion and
constant contention over trifes, when
two people are made to occupy one
room.
1t can hardly be expected, therefore,
that harmony will prevail throughout
the household if the servants go about
their work in 4 bad humor, resulting
from such conditions.
When the servant occupies the room
alone the mistress of the house can
hold each one responsible for the APP
peArance Of his or her room, which
should receive regular inspection by
the mistress. Then, whenever there is
an indication of untidiness or neglect
in its care, it can Immediately be cor
rected and the responsibility for such
disorder placed.
How often do we hear OF women
who consider themselves exemplary
housekeepers who never think Of en-
tering their servants rooms! This
should never be the case, for the neat
IL dressed maid cannot emerge from
dishevelled room. and unless she is
innately orderly, without the watehful
eve Of her mistress and stated visit
70 her room, she is liable 20 lapse into
carelessness and untidiness.
The right kind Of self-respecting
servant, on the other hand, will APP
preciate this interest on the part OF
her mistress and will make every ef-
fort 70 receive her commentator.
Regarding the furnishing OF the ser
wants room. painted walls are the first
essential. These can readily be washed
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20

ton, and to-day forty-four inventors
have tasted success, with the splendid
total Of 5000 patents, which are cred
tied on the Patent Office records as
undying evidence Of feminine in
genuty.
Among the inventors may be found
names Of women who have attained
fame in other fields Of endeavor, such
as Mary Garden, May Irwin and Lillian
Russell, all three of whom have Sc
cured patents Of some original device.
When Government Gates Opened
1t is only about sixty years since the
government opened its doors to women
workers, and then It did so grudgingly
and at less pay.
In October, 1862, General Francis
Spinner, then United States Treasurer,
put seven women to work at cutting
apart and trimming the notes with
shears. The machines which do this
work now were then not invented.
This was the opening wedge, and now
all Of the work in the Treasury con-
corning the counting and rapid han
ding Of money is done by women, and
II is a well-established fact that they
not only do the work much better than
men, but that men have no chance in
competition with them. In the redemp-
ton division they do all Of the identi-
flying and patching Of damaged cur
rency.
Nearly 5000 women are employed IN
the different departments of the gov
eminent in Washington. They do all
kinds Of scientific, clerical and
mechanical. There are also 5000
women holding postmasterships, and In
every other branch of postoffice work
they have proven most efficient, filing
| in every line of work excepting that OF
a letter carrier and postoffice inspector.
Several women in the government
service have attained wide reputation
"a authorities In their special lines OF
work. One is a worldwide authority
on crustaceans; another is penolo-
gist; others are specialists in medicinal
plants, mosquitoes, foods, entomology
and mushrooms.
Every one knows Of the personnel Of
the Childrens Bureau, with Miss Lath-
rop as its head and its staff Of ex-
perts in every phase of child study.
Also. the State Department has efficient
statisticians, feminine diplomats and
experts in statecraft.
So on through all Of tho various
branches Of governmental work woman
is found abundantly represented IN
numbers and rating exceptionally high
in efficiency.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20

7 purpose OF the bathtub for frequent
use is defeated.
In planning the bathroom the tub
should be so placed as to necessitate,
if possible, the closing of the door be-
fore it can be used, and the door in
turn should open into a hall, rather
.han communicate with a sleeping
room when more than one servants
bedroom is occupied.
With the bathroom thus equipped
and easily available even the servant
of unframed habits Of cleanliness will
begin 70 realize the pleasure and COM
fort it affords and will soon develop
d desire for personal cleanliness.
The location of the servants rooms
must be largely influenced By the loca-
ton of the house. In the country, the
ideal arrangement is where they can
be above the service quarters in a
wing of the house that can be shut
off from the main part.
W mere tHls - HOl pOSslpIc alu "hei
it is necessary to locate them on the
/ third floor, the rooms should be built
with a high air space between them and
the roof, as a protection from the sun
and intense heat, and the windows
should be amply large and SO placed
TO allow for plenty Of air and cross
draft.
In the city house, the top floor Is
usually dedicated to the servants, and,
as a rule, is quite as comfortable as
the lower bedroom floors. The usual
basement room is not desirable as a
servants sleeping room but affords an
excellent sitting room because Of its
accessibility and general convenience.
In an apartment there is usually very
little choice in the matter of location,
but where there is semi-dark, shaft
lighted room designated as a maids
room, the far-seeing housewife will
transform this into a storeroom or ex-
aggerated closet and devote one OF the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20

tant professions of women. and the
next best is considered nursing, there
are scores Of occupations now followed
by women that seem far away from the
time-worn accepted ideas OF womanly
duty or capability. And many mothers
and homemakers are also found to be
breadwinners.
Some Of the unusual and difficult jobs
filed by women are a little spectacular
when the sex is considered, and also
offer a direct refutation of the often
advanced charge that women prefer to
exist in sheer parasitism, through love
Of ease and the flesh pots Of Egypt,
rather than to adopt careers involving
hard work and self-sacrifce.
In face OF the following facts and
figures such a class must surely rep
resent but a small proportion OF the
feminine population of the country.
Some of the Things Women Do.
According 10 Uncle Sans census ex-
perts there are hundreds of women to-
day who possess the rugged courage
and hardihood 70 enroll themselves in
lines of work that mean endless days
Of the most arduous labor, long hours
and severe exposure. In this class
there are listed:
Four hundred and seventy-six fisher
women and oysterwomen.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20

Eighty-two years ago, when Harriet
Martincau, whose writings on political
economy had made her famous, came
to America, she found only seven vo-
cations open to the women Of the land.
These were teaching, needlework, nurs-
ing, keeping boarders, domestic SER
vice, factory work and typesetting.
To-day, as evidenced by the statistics
just quoted, there are very few lines OF
industry that are not open to women
on equal terms with male workers.
This remarkable revolution in wom-
ans status in the commercial and in
dustrial world has come about simply
through advancing their educational OPP
portunities. In Harriet Martineau's
day they were permitted to learn
merely housewifely duties and the So
cial amenities. Now, girls are as thor
oughly educated as their brothers, and
know nothing Of the heartbreaking
struggle women Of couple of genera
tons ago had to endure to secure even
a part Of the educational privileges
open to men.
It was considered "unladylike" to use
their brains in any way; to make
money with them was unthinkable.
In these days 5is per cent Of the
married women work for their living;
Of those unmarried, Is per cent; OF
the widows, 81h per cent, and Of the
divorced, 55 per cent.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20

brighter and better lighted rooms to
her servants use.
In regard to the kitchen and its ad-
Joining pantries IL is not always pos
sible, especially in a city house or
apartment, owing TO constructional diff
fculties, to have them as light as one
would wish. The prejudice TO q dark
kitchen can, however, be greatly Offset
by It's convenience and the proper ar
rangement Of It's fittings and aces
series. 1t can also be painted white,
have white enamel cooking utensils,
white blocked linoleum on the floor and
white table oil cloth, that will greatly
compensate for the lack Of light.
II is not TO be expected that dark,
artihcially lighted laundry will produce
snowy white linen, for even the most
brilliant gas and electric light is in
clined to mislead one in the matter Of
color.
Lastly the dining room or sitting
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20

and kept clean, as can painted wood
work. The floors should be painted or,
il of hard wood, shellacked, and in
either instance washable rugs used in
stead of carpet.
Pointed or natural wood furniture
Of simple design, a white enamelled
ircn bed with comfortable cane or
rattan seated chair or rocker 70 sup
plemont the other necessary chair or
chairs, and washable muslin window
curtains should complete the furnish
ings.
To add 70 the cheeriness Of the room
checkered Bingham curtains Of blue
and white, red and white or yellow and
white will be found desirable and mex
pensive, together with a plain linen
bedspread, to harmonic In color and
that will stand frequent washings.
Do not relegate the WORKOUT,
broken-down and superfuous bedroom
furniture TO the servants quarters, but
rather dispose Of it by sale or store it
in the attic. The slight expense Of a
few new pieces, as here described, will
more than Offset the care and trouble
necessary to keep half-worn, uphol-
stored chairs clean and broken bed
steads and bureaus from falling apart.
The Bathroom Is Important.
The bathroom for the servants Is
very important feature. This is intro
duced, without question, in the build
ing Of most modern houses and apart
ments, but where servants bath is
TO be added in an old house it is better
to sacrifice a large closet or even a
room 70 this use, convenient TO the
servants living quarters, than to place
il. as is often done in country houses
of the older type, in the cellar.
Quite naturally the servant hest
tates to 90 from an upper room TO the
basement undressed as one necessarily
prepares for the bath, and thus the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20
Women in the Professions.

pluHlDeT uolHB DuSlhcSS III -'S"
sey.-Ed.)
Women in the Professions.
In the professions women have stead
lily forced entrance and recognition and
not infrequently fame. Female college
presidents and professors number
5000, women preachers or petticoated
clergymen are tagged to the extent OF
6s5 and women lawyers and justices
approximate 600.
The 1ady drummer" is hourishing
growing institution, for she toes the
mark to the number OF 1888. The
woman doctor is yet more abundant,
for there are about 10000 physicians
and surgeons and more than 1900
women dentists.
II is In the list Of the preservers OF
the public peace that woman holds but
small official part. There are only two
marshals and constables and three
sheriffs.
The first patent to be received by
women in America was granted in 1909
to Mary Keis for method of weaving
straw with silk thread. But in the las.
quarter Of a century women have made
themselves known In the field of inven-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20
When The WdtemeLons fire ripe

iy good To serve with almost any vsri-
ETY. Of cold meats.
At the very beginning Of the wa
termelon season fill a large Jar with
good brine-strong enough TO float an
ege-and into this brine put the rind
as II accrues from the different
melons. Cut 1t into strips Of convent
ent size and pare the strips OF all
green outer rind and Shito inner
flesh. Keep the rinds under the brine
by means Of a weighted cover and do
not attempt TO use them until the
latest addition has been 9 week in
the salt water.
Preparation for Pickles.
To use for pickle, either sweet or
sour, spiced relish or citron, freshen
them thus: Drain and wash thor
oughly; scald for q minute in boiling
water and take out and soak in cold
water until the next day. Then drain
off the water, add fresh, and repeat
each morning until there Is no trace
Of salt usually two or three days..
Now wash again in cold water, rub
bling the strips we'll between the
hands, and discard any that sppear
soft.
Sour Watermelon Pickles.
For sour pickle all that Is needed
further is to scald lightly in weak
vinegar, drain and pack in steriliEed
Jars with layers Of mixed spices to
taste. Cover we'll with good cider
vinegar, drop In two or three Jumps
Of sugar, that have been we'll rubbed
on lemon rind, fasten the jars and
allow the pickle to stand for = week.
Sweet Watermelon Pickles.
For sweet picked rind (rhis is de-
licious), weigh the soaked rind, and
TO five pounds Of it allow three pounds
of sugar and three pits Of vinegar.
Mix sugar and vinegar. bring TO boil,
skim we'll and add a spice bag con-
tanning nutmeg, stick cinnamon, mace
and whole cloves. Cook for three or
four minutes and pour boiling hot
over the rind that has been packed
in jars. Next day drain of the syrup.
boil up again with the spice bag, and
again pour over the rinds. Repea.
twice; then put the whole mass, rind
and all, into a preserving bottle. Al
low il TO boil for three minutes; add
the strained juice Of four lemons. and
cook for three minutes longer. Seal
boiling hot In fruit Jars, sealing them
alright, and store in q dry, cool
closet
Candied Watermelon Rind.
Candied watermelon rind Is more
than excellent sweetmest In making
it cook in a sugar syrup, favored with
lemon and spices, and when II can be
pierced with fork, drain and spread
out on fiat dishes. Sprinkle it thickly
set in the sun under glass or IN q
warm oven. Turn two or three times
while it Is drying. By cutting the
rind in fancy shapes it can be rem
dered very ornamental, and will form
a decided addition TO the afternoon
tea table or the company luncheon.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20

suited from the tendency or the mou-
ern employer of all labor TO consider
the welfare of the employe, but is also
due to the independence OF the rapidly
increasing number of intelligent ser
wants. who would not submit TO such
conditions.
With this an accepted fact, the oues-
ton as 20 how best to provide for
satisfactory adjustment OF ones do
mestic conditions, then. has TO be set
tied by each housekeeper according
70 her individual requirements.
The three main considerations must
bs the servants sleeping quarters; a
LIGHT and convenient kitchen, in which
tho Greater part of their work is per-
formed. and comfortable place where
. room can be spared in which they
may have their meals or sit during
their leisure moments.
This last condition would only apply
% house or large apartment where
number OF servants are required. IN
small apartment or where there Is
hut one servant the necessity Tor a
room devoted to these uses is not so
obvious.
Separate Rooms II Possible
7, the matter of the sleeping quar-
tiers. a separate room should be pro-
v;d.d for each servant, even If 1t is
small.
This IL properly lighted and ven
tilated by a window opening into tpe
omen air. will prove more satisfactory
10 the average servant than If she Is
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20
By VIRGINIA CARTER LEE

THE famous saying in regard to
| the strawberry. Certainly God
might have made better. but
certainly God never did," applies no
less to the watermelon. provided you
get it at its best. To get 1t at its
biggest degree Of perfection, however
it not always possible for the house
keeper who must rely solely upon the
melons procurabie in market
There are a number Of reasons why
this is SO, the chiefest among which
is that the finest melons, fully ripe,
will not bear shipping and that the
harder shipping varieties must be
pulled before they reach tbs state Of
mature ripeness.
Still, much may be done with wa
termelon, provided it is Caught
young" IA Southern saying; that Is
to say, il bought reasonably ripe with
in few days after 1t leaves the
parent stem.
How to Select Your Melon.
The proof of a good melon lies IN
the plugging-at least the melon deal
ers tell you so. But, even il the plug
shows a gorgeous, scarlet meat, drip
ping with sweet juice, have caro- OF
it if the flesh inclosing the seeds is
mealy and striugy and the well col
ored fruit lacks crispness. Pale flesh,
slightly Shiny to the touch, shows that
either the melon was picked too green
or from a dead vine; hence 1t is, in
Southern phrase, "sickly."
Small, clear blisters upon many OF
the seeds denotes overripeness, while
melons heated in transit, though not
to the point of rotting, have a pecul-
lar dead odor that, once expert
enced, can never be forgotten. Those
that have been stored too long in a
cellar take on a slightly earthly faint
and those having been left too long
in the sunshine develop an acrid odor,
with much Juice at the expense OF
flesh.
Choose, then, the melon whose rind
is without spot or blemish, first test
ing it by scraping up a bit OF green
skin with the finger nail. II the skin
comes up easily, bringing a little OF
the rind with it, the chances are that
the melon is fresh. Skin that slips
leaving a bare surface, indicates q
poor melon.
Although the very best melons will
nearly always show few immature
or abortive seeds, the fruit is not first
class IL there are many such. AL
though the color Of the seeds does not
affect the melon materially, 1t has been
my experience that either red or pink
feshed melons, with black-edged light
brown seeds, are somewhat better fla
vored than the others.
What to Do with the Rind.
Unfortunately, In many households
the rind Of the watermelon is thrown
away, when in reality it can be con
verted into any number Of toothsome
pickles and rclishes that are especial.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20

The work Of this division is planned
70 investigate and report to the De-
nartment Of Labor upon all mattors
relative to the welfare of women, as
reeially wage-earning women; the
ovestions Of the competitive influence
~ women in the various industries;
TIE adjustment Of modern industrial
mechanism and management to the
phvsical and nervous organization OF
women. and also the influence Of in
sus.rial employments upon the subse-
osent home life of wage-earnins
women.
While homemaking and motherhood
are naturally the leading, most impor-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20
cguaI Chances for Fatbe'
and Mother as Bread
1OInnerS
r. EDNA MARY COLMAN.
1DlflnerS

BILL is now pending
before Congress for the
purpose Of establishing
in the Department OF
Labor a division to be
known as the Woman's
Division, to be presided
over by . woman chief.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20
What 10 Do with the Rind.

Unfortunately, In many households,
the rind Of the watermelon is thrown
away, when in reality it can be con-
verted into any number OF toothsome
pickles and rclishes that are especial
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20

ception to this rule is the one woman
plumber doing business in New Jer-
sey.-Ed.)
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-08-20
Bv ELIZABETH LOUNSBERY.

ORTUNATELY the
day when any dark,
cramped and badly
ventilated room was
consid cree good
enough for the SER
want, has gone by.
This has not only re-