Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-10-22

space to water for TIE worlmsa q,
day tnan twenty years ago would ASo
been thought suflcient Tor ton tanD
the number. In q modern plant plsaey
of both hot and cold water. Q towel
for each man and showers are neoae-
sity.
Many plants, II large enough to VA.
rant the outlay. provide warm lunches
at cost TO their workmen. This 10 OBJ
viously better for them hygienically.
They do not waste time going to and
from the building; they have oppor-
no temptation to ''boozA~
The health service. however, has
gone into many other fields OF INDUS
trial work and of diseases peculiar to
classes Of industrial workers.
In 1913 the service undertook. With
DR.. Schereschewsky and seven othsr
physicians, besides chemists, to invos-
tigate hygienic conditions In work
in he C city tys Of New YORK. This sscdy
covered a period Of six months and
involved the physical examination OF
5000 persons. investigation of by
gienic conditions. Of illumination.
analyses of the air and consideration
of sanitary conditions.
This work was undertaken az the re-
quest of joint board of citizens OF
New York and members of the garment
workers industries, to establish sani-
tary standards. to reduce fire dangers
and to educate workers in the prtnci-
Piles of Industrial and personal hygiene
among the $4,000 workers In the 1900
shops.
The examiners found many troubles.
mostly due 10 incorrect living fn the
shops and at home. Tuberculosis was
the most prevalent fatal disease. as
might be expected under the hygiene
law that the tuberculosis rate 10 In
inverse ratio to the income. Other
troubles were about what might be
expected from such living conditions.
many being traceable to bad pastures
of the operatives at their work.
They found 1t necessary to correct
visual defects and the careless way Of
standing. to prevent the spread Of
communicable diseases, and strongly
recommended a better physical train
ing of school children.
To state briefly the work done in
tuberculosis examinations In Cincin-
natl. the service examined 10000 per-
sons, visited 154 factories represent
ing thirty-eight industries and Inspect
ed various localities. They found the
chief causes of the increase OF the
trouble were bad housing. overcrovd-
ing and inadequate segregation OF
those attacked from others In the same
household or factory.
In zinc mines the death rate from
tuberculosis had become appalling. and
the service assisted in checking Tho
plague.
They have under Investigation the
child labor problem. They participated
in investigating and planning work In
the fight against the hookworm. DR..
C.. W. stiles of the service. who isolated
the ova, found them different from the
hookworm OF Europe, but made .
prophesy that its source was African.
At Pittsburgh, in the center of the
mining and steel making. the health
service has built and maintains an IN
dustrial laboratory. whore. with the
most delicate apparatus. tests of al
most inconceivable de1icacy are made
of air. food, appliances, individuals and
almost everything else appertaining 70
the improvement of industrial condi-
tions.
All. however. lead to the one con-
clusion, the individuals must learn how
to live properly. to prevent. instead q
fight. disease.