Evening star., 1916-08-20


From July. 1915. francesca Ciccotti con-
ceived the idea OF an international con-
iIess composed of peace collectivist 60
cialists, which would re-establsh the In
terna;ionale" on the general ruin after
the war. This new internationale'
would save the state-the state of col
lectivity-and would war against Inter
ia ational bourgeose'-th bourgeoisie be-
ing the nightmare of all coliectivist
cialists.
This propa ganda OF Ciccotti had for
result the congress Of Zummerwslo.
Thus Italian socialists may claim the
somew What doubtful honor OF the re
sponsi DilitN for the Zummerwald, Of
which Sisnor Treves delivered
apology at Montecitorio. in the name
OF his party. the Official italian 80
cialists. whose device is. I'VE are SOL
diers OF the conflict OF class. even in
time of war
The Idea Nazionale and the Popolo
d'Italia, although placed at tho two
extreme poles of public opinion. are in
accord when II is a question of appre
Signor Turati. They are" says thu
nationalist journal. the clients OF
'Sudekum' of the German social democ-
racy,. who would organize in Italy
popular agitation to impose upon Italy
peace at any price"
or strikers of the nation against the
nation" strikers Of an
National organization in the par
lament and the munfcf-
o. pal councils. where their
main purpose appears to be TO SOW dis
cord They seize every occasion to d.
preciate the military work OF the en-
tente and to weaken the moral resist-
ance Of the nation"
This disposition of the eor1ectfv1sts
of Italy was remarked in the com
mencement of the war. when the ap
parent success OF the German army
was hailed with Joy. even far that
they forgot their peace proclivities and
re1oiced in war. to the great dissatfs
faction and disgust of all sane Italians.
When the collectivist press was obliged
to announce the journey Of Signors
Salandra and Sonnino to France the
mention was made with studied indif
ference, quite as much" said the con
servative and loyal press, as IL II were
a question of Ruma nian neutrality or
of note on the revolution in China.
The principal arguments employed re-
Gently have been that Italy should
not go further into the war and never
against Germany. 1t would mean the
ruin of Italy. England had too many
interests in the resistance of the aflies
not to desire the prolongation of the
i war. She finds the war an excellent
source of affairs, while other nations
are dsmembered or invaded. Italy
alone had maintained her frontiers
intact. and hence this was good rea-
son that Italy should not declare war
against Germany. declaration OF wa
| would prevent Italy from playing the
role of peace mediator"
| italian socialists persistently ah-
stain from all patriotic Manifestations
and remain intractable
Intro ofohle neutralists. They op-
pose the formation OF
NeuIidiiS's. national ministry
for such a ministry. they assert. would
serve only personal ambitions. the So
cialists would have government divided
up according to the Zummerwald pro
gram.
Signor Labriola. deputy of Naples.
has endeavored to give sane direction
and point the way to his friends. Sig
nor Labriola was formerly coliectivisf.
but became an ardent partisan CT Inter-
vention of Italy in favor of the entente.
urging the union of all parties Of the
| left and the official socialists. the
Officials however. have remained re-
calcitrant. and are still attached TO the
'fnternationale" idea. when the Inter
rationale" for a fact has become tho
last of absurdities.
Not all the facts of the fH1 of the
Salandra ministry have been recounted.
for the reason that the political situa-
ton was particularly obscure and lit
tie understood by the Rome ana Milan
correspondent. who failed to seize the
points of the ministerial crisis. II viii
prove interesting and instructive to
supply the facts which disclose the
part played by parties. and particularly
that of the collectivist socialists. led
by Signor Turai
The Salandra ministry fell June IN
by a vote of 1877, composed Of Giolit-
| tians Catholic syndcalists, groups Of
! democratic alliances. interventionists OF
the left. liberals of the right and cen
ter. and official socialists That the
latter should be found in such COM
pany was confusing even in Rome.
Painful crisis" remarked the Cor
riera Della Sera the day after In an
article criticising both Signor Salandrs
! and the chamber. but more critical OF
the latter than Of Signor Salandra. to
whom II rendered merited homage The
article. entitled "The Horse Of Troy"
denounced the conspiracy.
The Giornale d1talia. the official organ
of the ministry founded by Sig Sonnino
wrote: What remains
Most Confused of the vote Of yester-
~, day? Only an exhibition
Sltuatlon' of parliamentary ILL
hunor produced by various causes, some
lust others unjust. The official socialists
and the survivors OF Gioittian neutralism
that is. enemies of the war-united
with the most ardent champions OF the
war to create the most difficult and con-
fused situation which has ever happened
in Italy"
When Signor Salandra returned to the
chamber June IL to provide for the regu
lar march Of business, under the rules. he
was confronted by Signor Turatf. who. in
the name of the official socialists, made a
motion for the immediate convocatfon of
the chamber. There followed violent
scene and "outrages'' against the retiring
minister and his work. The associates OF
the socialists in this vote Of premeditated
disorder maintained a cold silence while
Signor Turati INDUCED in abuse and cyni
cal illusions to the scenes of devastation
and riot at Milan in May-"approved. II
not inspired. by Signor Salandra :"
Signor Salandra, who until now had sim
ply protested against the accuse lions.
bounded from his seat and. throwing his
portfolio on the table. left the ministerial
bench and the chamber amid the SYM
pathetic plaudits OF a great majority Of
the chamber. Although Signor Salandra
had been charged with making haste
slowly too slowly to suit the energetic
interventfonists il was well known fact.
well known TO Signor Turati. OF course.
f~l..