davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18
BULL MARKET REQUIRED
DRASTIC REIMBURSEMENT
Downwurd Lewiston Of I'nst Week
Hound to Come RcHnrd1ens of
t.rrnnn!'n Peace prOpOnItIon.
Try Associated Press.

Ipy Associated rreSsl
NEW YORK. December 1.-THE rad J.
zeal downward revision Of market quo
tations. which accompanied last week )
enormous selling movements derived
it's chief impetus from Gcrinany.s un-
expected peace proposals. but seemed
inevitable apart from foreign or do
m"*t'c political developments. In tho
'u"9incn; OF diSintcrcstcd observers tho
bull market had grown stale and re-
CURED rcadjustmcnt Prices rebound =
cd to 10 points. and even more In
TIL" latter part OF the week. when
adriccs from abroad threw Il dairpcr
on the prospects OF an carly settle
mcnt or truce. Bankers with Eu-
ropcan connections were inclined TO
extreme caution pending the outcome
OF peace proposals.
There was muCh conjecture dealing
with this country's economic conditions
after war but opinion in high financial
circles waS that the demands Of prac.
would fully offset those caused by the
titanic struggle still raging
The strength Of railway issues even
when the balance of the list WAS tot
ierinE. indicated steady accumulation
OF those shares from investment quar-
tcrs. The cheaper issues. rose 3 TO .
points. Southern and Southwestern
lines being most favored.
Monetary conditions were relatively
easy AT no time approaching the high
rates OF the previous fortnight The
orerhaulinS of the stock market is cx-
pectrd to make for Il further reduction
of loans. Excess reserves o. local
BANKS. which were 1T low cbb a few
weeks ago. have increased substan-
TALLY.
industrial and mercantile condition,
were unaffected by the change wrought
III prices OF securities. Steel and iron
mus are booking orders into 1918, and
hoiidaF trade. almost without cxcep-
tion, iar exceeds any previous wear in
the country's history
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18
BUNCOMBE MAY DECIDE
MAJORITY IN NEXT HOUSE
County In NortI, Carolina, with IIom.
my Precinct, Mn! Also Hold Key
to Choice of Speaker.

WASHINGTON. December l7-Bun-
combc may decide the next House ar
Representatives and have !, hand in
the choic" of Speaker. 1t rests. per-
haps. with Buncombc to east the de-
Gliding vote and TO make history for
the SiNty-iifth Congress. Buncombc
winch is the name of II county i'm
North Carolina, is the home OF Repre-
sentative Bri;t. Republican,. who's,
cl"cit"n TO ia" next House is In doub,
SO much so that the entire State Of
North Carolina is on edge oyer the
contest now going on In the courts 10
SO" VINO really got the most votes
Representative Britt. coming az q,
Republican from a southern state has
aroused the political "nnitv of his tar
heel friends. and determined effort
WAS made 10 defeat him at the last
election. The count was so clos. that
- recount was demanded and then am
other. and finally the entire matter
was so filled with charges and coun-
tcr"harges of irregularities and frauds
that the courts had TO he called into
th" case To make a decision.
u no HnMiNy DISTRICT
80 DETERMINE Result
Tn" two principal knots to be united
In inns matter lag in sandy Mush Pre-
cinct and the liominy Precinct. The
ballots of Sandy Mush and Hom!ny
seemed L" hc the most difficult and
the most irregular. Finally. however.
SANDY Mush was Strengthened out and
ii"niny remained. with Republicans
claiming "a majority and the Demo
Gratis claiming ON" also.
N"% That Ia" control Of the House
next session uarrowS down to on. or
ITO majority either way. it is perfectly
possible that iIominy Precinct in Bun
cOnIbc County may hold the handful OF
ballots to decide
Buncoinbe County is tho locality re-
sp"nsihl" for the modern term bunk"
as applied TO platform or campaign
promises made for cffec, only. The die
tionarN now recognizes "buucornb." or
bunk" and defines il as "spccchrnak-
ing for the qualification or constituents
or to gain public service: anything
said. written or done for show: insin-
cere action or speech"
Nearly loo years ago-in 1920. TO be
cNact-this term Sprang into use. one
of Representative iiritrs political for
bears was Felix Walker. a mountain
Ger from III" present Britt u.ighbor-
hood Walker VAS a member OF the
House in - strenuous era. and on "A
dag when the Missouri compromise bill
WAS hciug debated h" insisted on max
:nl "a long speech. although the House
was ready to vote. When taken to
task Tor delaying the proceedings,
walker replied
II am bound to max" speech for
Euucombc."
!unsnuch ~ III" speech was for home
consumption only. Walker. III" father
OF all modern political bunk" has
left his imprint upon American col
loquiai speech. ana although no other
monument appears TO Keep fresh his
memory. modern politics seem 20 hav-
taken much Of its impetus from the
old 'arhcel
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18
A NEW .CHURN

II used TO DC, and not 50 long ago.
that II the farmers wife wanted TO
make butter or churu anything. she
pu; ,he stun In q bucket shaped vessel
and stirred Il rapidly with q paddle
Among the newer Kinds OF churns one
Of the hest is that designed by Cana
dian F!-s; there j. light. but strong
fra me Ho-E mounted on rollers Mid
way up This frame a barre! j. swung
or SHAFT which Is operated ~ d-iv-
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

II the binder has not already been
housed. II should he done as soon as
POSSIBLE. During n trip across the
stat" last winter. the writer counted
seven binders out in the field within n
radius Of nifty miles. and some of them
were new machines. Under such treat =
mcnt binder Will not last more than
three years. Then the total yearly
loss on these machines whose cost was
about 5000, would amount to $500. This
IS more than the yearly profit on some
farms With proper care. the same ma :
chimes could have been made to last
ton or Nftren years.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18
SUMS Raw ReneacInl

As general protective measure
against disease germs. II is an excel
tent practice to expose utensils for
handling milk, and milk cans after
they have been cleaned TO direct sun
light, and 10 hang or spread wearing
apparel, blankets. bedding. rugs. horse
blankets. etc. periodically where the
sun can shine on all parts OF them.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

Neat. clean. uniform. avcrasc-sized
specimens OF fruit and vegetables
make better showing and will score
h'Eher In contests than uneven and
"hh'arketable specimens Appearance
as wei! as quality helps to sell goods
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18
Mold Had for Lambs.

Occasionally YOU Viii hnd !. spot Of
mold In the middle of your stlo or It
might BE- At tn. door This should he
thrown away Usually the bad re
suits o: feeding silaec TO lambs Is
due TO l<oidy or sour silaEe
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18
Dou'ts In Handling the nu

Don't let him get the upper hand at
any time"
Don't let him realize his enormous
strength.
Don't keep him confined. Give him
plenty Of exercise.
Don't trust any bull at any time. II
!s the gentle" bull that does tho
damage.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

II have had good results from the
following ration: corn. | IL pounds
silaRe. two pounds; cottonsced meal.
one fourth pound. and all she hay they
would clean up. This Will be from
one fourth TO one-half pound"--F. Nc
Roberts.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

Always plant small fruits on deep
rich alluviai soil. one which carries
plenty of humuS
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18
Facts for Farmers, Stock
Breeders, Poultry Raisers.
Orchardists, Truckers and Gar.
deners---Querics and Answers

canes To irclliScS and nrhors as grapc-
vines aud other tendriicd plants have.
roses therefore. must ht carefully
trained. the canes being tied to the de-
sired positions as they grow.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18
w Orth Irving.

ran blowing and cultivation will
e""o'e FARMERS to have Vegetables a
week or ten days earlier next sprinr
oeSau you will be able to plant earlier
on iai-Piowed ground. Early. thrifty.
healthy plants are also less linhla m
injury from insects
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

care should be taken to handle al
falra hay 50 as not 10 lose leaves as
these contain considerably more than
90 per cent of the feeding value OF
the hay.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

The droppings from the poultry will
be valuable as fertilizer for the
young fruit trees when properly used.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18
BRIEF NOTES THOUGHT
OUT BY THE WAYSlDE

Usually no pruning is given either
the raspberry or blackberry just be-
fore or during the winter.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

Paint the handles OF garden tools 4
bright red. They Will be easily found
IL nllSlaid
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18
Prevent Rom.

me the winter and early spring
season there is entirely too mich $50
ple IN our poultry focks from colds
I"up ana similar respiratory diseases
neSe are largely a result OF drafts
In the houses "'"''S
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

There is little difference in the di-
EeStibie nuinients liz alfalfa hay and
sweet clover hay.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

Choice OF breeds of hogs is purel,
Il matter OF personal preference.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

Sec that no cracks or CreviCcs are in
the sides of the house To admit cold
drafts on the poultry while on the
rooSt.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

The more rapidly milk is cooled the
safer IL IS and the longer ii will keep
sweet.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

Don't try TO care for too many bee
colonies in the beginning. start on
a small scale and increase Sradua,iy
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

Cows with long. heavy udders Shout,
DC driven slowly. and should not b,
driven over high slns
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

The laying of unusually large eggs
denotes that the hens are in an over.
fat condition.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

are YOU making any provision &c
hc!p the birds through the winter
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

floor twenty by thirty feet will
take care of 100 hogs in good shane
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

ioiash Is being made by Wes, yir-
E.hia company from the waste stems
OF tobacco plants.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

ne tn!ted States produces a bushe
ana half OF apples per cap.ta
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-12-18

TrRtr the Rove.
II must be kept in mind that rose
have no provision for attaching tn ]
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-04-26

Fourth Day Sale
Saturday, April 20
Automobiles Ready
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-04-26

Third Day Sale
Friday, April %
Automobiles Ready
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-04-26
Inspection Day
Sunday,~April 80
Automobiles Ready

the Keynote which brought about the $4,000 WORTH
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-07-16

Governor Whitman or some member OF
the State Board of Pardons, or more
likely some newspaper asking sarcastic
cally if an escaped prisoner has re-
turned. The wardens answer is short,
frank, urbane.
Looking always for sensations ne
laughs. "No wonder people get wrong
idea of Sing Sing. We turn a CROOK
into a man-that's no story. But II
somebody will only escape-maybe
there'll be a neutrality-suspicious. is
a story and chance to belittle Sing
Sings reforms
All of which doesn't worry DR.. klrch-
wey or even interest him. His face
lights up when he turns to his reform
routine.
It is DR.. Kirchwey's belief that sing
Sing sets the standard not only for
other prisons in the state, but for the
United States, and perhaps the world.
1T is he says, "the most notorious
OF penal Institutions Not even Hollo-
way Jail in London, the former home OF
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-07-16
THE SING SING GRADUATE OF TOMORROW.

vices of a young man who will finish his
hospital training here as inferno, and,
most important of all, | am in touch with
a remarkable man whom | expect to get
as medical director to supervise the
whole scheme of cure and prevention.
Had it not been for the outbreak OF IN
fantile paralysis now sweeping the city
| would have had him here now
"You have been at Sing Sing only six
months. DR.. Kirchwey. Isn't that very
short time in which to accomplish per-
manent reforms?'
"You forget" the warden returned,
chat Mr.. Osborne was here but thlr-
teen months, which was the longest time
any warden in the last seven has held
the position. He revolutionized the
whole system in those thirteen months;
I am third in length of service, and,
while I'd have liked to push my plans
bit further, know that they are firmly
rooted in good ground and that they will
be we'll cared for, and not allowed to
wither away"
when you leave Sing Sing, where do
you go?"
'The Superintendent of Prisons, Mr..
Carter, has invited me to Albany to give
to his office the benefit of the experience
which | have gained here. | say 70
give, for the honorable position carries
with it no salary, and not even expense
money. 1t is to me rather humorous
adventure to calculate how long man
without fortune of his own will be able
to enjoy it. Nevertheless, am anxious
to put into effect throughout the state
the reforms we have been able to insti-
tute here in Sing Sing"
Don't you ever feel discouraged and
disguised with the whole scheme OF
prison life and prison men? Don't you
often feel that you are, after all, work.
ing with the worthless or waste-basket
end of society, that so soon as you care
for and cure one individual another VIII
be ready to take his place."
"You look at it with the outsiders
point of view" replied DR.. kirchwey,
with a smile. II admit that am at the
wrong end for the prevention of crime,
but am at the right end of it all for
the criminal"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-07-16

place of uncertain DISTINGUISHING, while
a visiting chef comes in to supervise
and instruct the inmate cooks. Every
man in the place wears spotless clothes
and each is medically examined before
he becomes one of the kitchen staff. In
unenlightened days diseased men knead-
ed bread and served soup to their de-
fenceless fellows; now, with repeated
tests taken every six months, 1t would
be hard for even t. b. germ to get past
the threshold of the spick-and-span new
cook-room.
Blood tests, Wassermann tests,
psychiatric and neurological examlna-
tions. eye, ear and teeth inspections have
been known in Sing Sing Prison only
since George w. Kirchwey became its
head. When he took charge local prac-
titioner at Ossining and politically ap-
pointed doctor, who came up from New
York for an hour every day, were the
official medical staff of the institution.
They were supplemented by an inmate
doctor. called day nurse" convicted or
selling dope at state institution, and
the might nurse" who was physician
sent up for ong-continued malpractice.
No dentist was available. For its pris-
oners' eyes the State of New York de-
pended upon the services of an old Swiss
matchmaker, doing long term OF pun
ishment. who had taught himself the be-
ginnings of the science of fitting glasses.
"Now," declared DR.. Kirchwey, with
enthusiasm, Eve have changed all that.
We have a physician and an assistant
who devote all their time to the instltu-
ton. Every new man sent here under
goes extraordinary tests, both mental
and physical. If he is greatly below the
normal in mental development he Is sent
10 the hospital for the criminal insane
at Dannemora If he is only slightly de-
fective or under normal we keep him
here and give him occupation suitable
for his ability. We have skilled dem
fist. an oculist who not only comes up
from the city once week, but VINO
sends up his nurse to prepare and treat
cases during his absence. We have
been promised the services of corps of
physicians and surgeons to act as con-
sultants; we expect to secure the SER
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-07-16

the Suffragettes, is so celebrated. Why
the very word for prison in emma Is
Sing Sing SO that when night schoolS
and vocational training make good
among the convicts of the Hudson RIVER
penitentiary, it's safe to predict tha1
Jailed men in Canada and China and Ha-
wall will be studying stenography ana
teleqraphy and Spanish before long.
These night schools had their flrst
trv-out under Warden Osborne's regime
Last November "Old Doc Maier,' hlm-
self graduate of German university
and "sent up the river for bribery, sug-
oested that the day schools authorized
nv the state, which taught only the rudl-
ments of reading, writing and arith-
metic. should be supplemented by classes
at night. where the men should be en-
couraged to learn something TO nj 'he'i
for honest employment.
"pemember." warned DR.. kirchwey,
"that the majority of our men are only
t;ds-the average age is twenty-siX-
and they come here in hundreds under
twenty. Most of them, like jimmy
have never done any honest work. and
don't know how to begin. If they go 10
our night classes, by the time they
graduate they will be able to drive
r,otor or set type, perhaps be bookkeep-
ers or musicians in band.
In the last six months doc Maier
classes have increased TO more than 400
nupils. as against 125 in the day schools
The teachers are all inmates, and the
subjects 90 as far as spherical geometry
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-07-16
The SING SING GRADUATE OF YESTERDAY.

Jimmy, are you going out to go
straight?'
"'Sure. | am. am an officer of the
league. and | wouldn't throw you and
Tom Brown down for anything.
"'Can you do any work in the WORLD!
ooh. | guess | can do some sort OF
work
"Now. left to himself Jimmy can
never 90 straight. He will not. he
can't. Osborne awoke in him the VIII 10
90 straight. 1t remains for Sing sing
to give him the legs to walk straight
with. That work is already begun by
the convicts themselves. If it continues
TO its full development, Sing Sing Will
become a prison the like of which can
be found nowhere else.
Watching him "wardening' one IS IN
clined to believe that Professor kirch-
wev has rather surprised himself as
"apent and warden of Sing Sing. "hat
reason had one to suspect that this man
of slight figure. grizzled beard, student
brow and gentle manner, so long the
clustered dean of Columbia Law School
why should he have turned into TINS
decisive hardy executive, equal 10 the
difficult task that has foored so many
Vet there he ruled, now gleeful as boy
over some stunt of his 1000 kids, now
with a snap of his jaw deciding mat
ters Of moment. Here's one instance
whore the deliberate professor OF la"
found himself developing all the hall
marks of an efficiency engineer. IL was
n tho course of his reorganization OF
Sing Sing plant. He wanted 10 pul'u
booths 81 that the men could battle de-
Gently. and he wanted to Dust the oio
slate tables in the mess hall for wooden
ones where the men could sit facing each
o4bor- all without added expense TO the
sto+e The convicts began building
wooden tables. but even the consulting
ear;noor couldn't see where the bath
bouses were coming from. ne Sia'o
tho slate" cried the warden, pointing
TO the long slabs in the mess-roonl, %
now the convicts are building 'ne''-
selves up-to-date bathing booths lro"'
their indestructible old tables.
ring, ring, r-r-ring," goes the 'ele
phone on the warden's desk; maybe ~ :
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-07-16
.O-DAY Warden Osborne goes back
l to Sing Sing and Warden Kirch-

T~O-DAY Warden Osborne goes back
to Sing Sing and Warden kirch-
n wey goes out. This morning the
Mutual Welfare League band greeCs MI.
Osborne at Ossining station to make
triumph for tom Brown" but 1t is not
the returning warden who is best quail
fed to tell of the status of Sing Sing
lust now. DR.. George w. Kirchwey Is
the man to speak for the prison to-day.
He has been its ruler for six months.
He knows what the facts are, what mas
happened while Osborne has been fight
ing a personal battle, and the account
ing of Kirchwey's stewardship is the
story of prison reform possibilities, not
only for New York, but for the world.
To DR.. Kirchwey to-day Sing Sing
spells a tremendous opportunity. That
gray rock and painted gehenna IN
his eyes is Just great opportunity, one
which he is sorry to forego. He calls
his tenure of office merely continual
ton of Osborne's regime, but he leaves
Sing Sing full of a promise that had
barely terminated when Osborne was
busted.
The Welfare League is intact and sue
cessful Warden Kirchwey found II
firmly established and nursed it along
teaching it to do it's work less officlousiy
and more effectively; to act less ike
policemen and more like teachers, as
ne puts it. 1t kept the prisons l'oOo
thieves thugs, forgers and slayers IN
such good discipline that DR.. Kirch-
wey had time to turn to other things
which Mr.. Osborne had been unable TO
develop. This is the problem ne found,
and here is an incident that illustrates
It perfectly:
Jimmy came to me- said DIR. klrch-
way, "and said Warden, | want you 10
help me get job. I'll be out OF here IN
SIX months
How long have you been here
Jimmy?
"'Over three years. he said. I am
Just twenty-three.
"Have you ever done any work?
"No.'
Never anything but steal
"No.'
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-07-16

going warden had necessarily been so IN
tent with his self-government league,
and, unhappily kept so busy repelllng
personal and political attacks, that ne
had been. perforce, unable to devote
more than scant attention to sanitary
and mess hall conditions.
"Mr. Osborne" said DR.. Kirchwey,
had already instituted the basic reform
of allowing the men to march to and ca
their meals without guards. Neverthe-
less. many still refused to 60 to mess be-
cause the food was so bad and so evllly
served. The state allows but thirteen TO
fourteen cents day per man, while the
limited States army expends thirty cents
q day for the soldiers meals. My PROB
lem was to provide decent food on
ridiculous sum. The solution has been
50 far successful that the State Super
intendent of Prisons, Mr.. Carter, intends
70 nut nv recommendations into effect
in the prison diets throughout the state.
The attendance in the mess hall IN
creased 40 per cent, the men are no
longer undernourished, they don't run
so often to the doctors for pills. while
the improvement in temper and tracta-
bility is incalculable."
At the outset the kitchen was the
warden's chief concern. This building
was nearly as old and as evil as the cell
blocks which house the men. Dr. kirch-
wev determined to do away with it and
built a new one, replacing filthy old iron
with modern aluminium and copper ket-
Ties. A we'll used sterilizer takes the