davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1916-09-05
Woodrow Wilson COutradicts Chsrle'
Dickens.

To rHE EprroR OF THE Su~ St NJ
Hughcss statement at farg1 ma
weakness breeds insult. insus t~s'f'
war honest. firm. consistent t'''''
mined defence Of known risu,s -
fishes peace and respect through ..'
world does not need tho evidence ~
history 10 prove IT true. hut there " =
significant PARAGRAPH In tharles Di.N-
cns's "Child's History Of England, "rf
ten about 1850, referring 10 Au"r''t a.
follows
That immense country, male " '~r''
ont under Washington, and ,cn - e"
became the United Sia'cs. one q"
greatest nations Of tho earth IN '''
'imcs IN which I write II Is h1re'''
remarkahle for prntecting It's suNIN''
wherever they may tr-ve', with n ~"
and a dciormination whi'h I. a hNN'
for England
Who could say tho same th,' E t0-'FN
The paragraph quoted from 'rse"'
shows the respect in which this CorN'.'
was held, young a. 1t WIS, for 'd''' =
mined defence NJ known rights "a VI
Hughes puts II. but u iS hardy
lhat any nation would care to a.
course to-day toward rrotcr'l'g ol
zcus MS u model llERnFRT'; '".''.
| NV Monk. September I,
The sun., 1916-09-05
RAILROAD CASUALTIES.
should Federal Law Prohibit the Tres
passing That Causes Them?

To THE EDITOR or THE SuN-Sir; In
twenty years ended in 1872 there were
ss.733 ~trespasscrs Killed and 1855 in
jured on the railways of the United
States. Careful inv estigation has shown
thu the ma jority OF persons thus
killed and injured are citizens living in
the vicinity OF the accident and that
many are women and children. From
1901 30 1910 there were approximately
5000 children under II years OF age
killed and injured while ~trcspass!ng ON
railroads In the United States, enough to
make n mile post for every milo half Il
around the world. There were 10000
between the ages Of IA and u years
killed during that same period. making
5000 minors who we're victims Of this
evil. During ten years ended IN 1910
there were 1882 trcspassers Killed aud
INJURED in the United states. while for
tn. same period in Great Britain and
Jrcland there were hut H,7ii t~respasscrs
Killed ard injured. " course the mile
age Of American railroads is much
greater. bat it Is nevertheless true that
the Brit sh railways traverse r more
denscly +, pulated ana cougcsted terri
tory than most OF our American rail-
ways. In European countries laws for
hid tr-spassinG OH railways.
To the uniformed II VIII probably be
surprising information To know that
more thar half the persons killed on
American railroads are trespass"rs and
that ordinarily there are on our railroads
three times as many tr"spnsscrs killed
each year ms there are railroad en-
ployccs killed. This annual needless kill
ing of more than 1000 American citizens
and the injuring seriously of an equa'
number. mostly wage carncrs. can onl,
he prevented ny the cooperation Of III.
public and public officials. Laws hav'
been made Intended to- deal with almost
every rea, or imaginary cause Of acct!
dent. and Vet II has been almost !inpossi,
bile to get passed or enforced laws
which will effectively prohibit railroad
trospassing and the great economic los.
TO the nation involved In the killing auj
manning Of these persons. AS we'll as III,
suffering to humanity caused thereby.
A law prohibiting trcspassing woui'
not in itself alou" prevent resp ssini
or trcspass accidents, hut a Fedora
law. or AT least uniform laws IN al
states. prohibiting trespassing. supple
'mented by a persistent campaign o
public education for the purpose OF teach
ing all persons that such law was frame,
for their own projection and to say
human lives, would greatly lessen thi
lamentable waste of human material
In the interests Of economy and TO
the sake Of humanity this ought to b
done. MARCUS A, Dow,
NEW YORK. September 4.
The sun., 1916-09-05
COLORED COTTON.
The Exchange Finds the Subject In
terestIng Bot Not New.

To THE EprroR OF THE SUN-Sir: An
article appearing in THE Sun Of August
81 and samples from \. W. Brahham.
Exchange. were turned over to his de-
partment Of said exchange.
We have to report that the subject
is not at all new. Our letter files con-
tain a copy OF a letter written January.
1914. to n party In Alabama on exactly
the same subject. This was an illustra-
ton of some Of the green colorcd cotton
such az the one now shown.
We copy part Of that letter:
We have examined tho samp pies and can
state that II 10 nothing new to us. We
have seen a number Of samples like these
at various times; In fact. the season before
last. had several bales OF II here. hut
dom, know wha, has finally become of
them.
We can see no advantage In producing
this kind. Il would not pass m contract
here or in Liverpool. and ~ II had any
advantage In producing goods OF that
color, ~ the color was desired, we don't
know II It would hold.
The sample you send has SO much
white mixed with II. It would produce yer,
spotted goods.
Samples showing colored cotton are
undoubtedly very interesting. lnasmuch
as the cultivation of these colored cottons
IL In its infancy and more or less expert.
, mental, We think IL Is a subject for the
r. u. l.. OF L. 8. Agricultural Department,
to take up.
| CLASSIFICATION COMMITTEE, New YORK
C,rrNNy k>vC,FANcr
The sun., 1916-09-05
THE QUESTION FOR THE
COURT.
Are We to Go On In the Old American
Way or Re Ruled by Labor:

To II EDITOR OF TIE SuN-Sir, Con-
Srcss has power To regulate commerce
between the States, The regulation Of
railroad commerce between the States
II has delegated To the Interstate Com
mercc Commission
Does this power include or denote
the power to regulate the rate Of wages
paid to employees Of railroad compa-
MES engaged in interstate commerce?
This is tn" question raised 10y the
Adamson act, which has just been
passed 10y Congress.
l'ut the question is not only a legal
and constitutional question. Its deter
mination will he influenced by the po-
lit~icn-cconnmic and sociological views
of the Judges to whom the question
is presented. The state OF mind of the
community will also have IA subtle in
tiuencc,
The form and manner in which the
question is presented To tho courts will
have large Importance,
IAwRENcR GopKiN.
NEW YoRE. September 4
The sun., 1916-09-05
"PIufuI Women and Children"

Consider by itself a sentence from
Mr.. WILSON'S speech OF acceptance:
II am more interested in the fortunes
Of oppressed men and pitiful women
and children than in any property rights
whatever"
The phrase ''pitiful women and chill
dren" Is reminiscent, suggestive OF
calamity. Does IL refer to the mur.
dered innocrnts of the L~usitania? No:
for that tragedy appears to have been
forgotten by the finger shaker. Does
1t refer to the poor wretches on the
American side of the Rio Grande who
persisted while WILSON was %philander-
ing with CARRANzA? No; for the
ncccptor at Shadow Lawn convent
emily forgot the outrages Tprpetrated
by his friend C~ARRANzA's forces.
1t refers, the context reveals, to
the women and children Of Mexico.
Mr.. WILSON has no such solicitude for
the women and children Of America
who died because all he could do was
to write, and write, and write.
Does Mr.. WILSON fancy that he Is
running for President Of Mexico? His
words would indicate that such Ia his
. present delusiOn.
The sun., 1916-09-05
FOXY Of Another Age.

This appeal 10 THE SrN. arriving
by telegraph, breathes an anxiety.
which ought to I've apieased ut once:
will you please publish the immortal
word. Of a great patriot. Millions for
defence but not one cent for tribute.
with your comments on what these
words mean to-day?
AN AMERICAN or REVOLT ioNARY An
cEsrRr."
Millions for defence. In the period
of CHARLES COTEswORrH PiNCKNEy.
would have come from the purse Of a
snail republic not yet recovered from
u P,NCKHEv's own pocket would
have suffered. wen as his soul and
body had suffered during two years
In n British prison. lie uttered the
quoted phrase at n time when peace
with II foreign country could have
been had. II was intimated. by the
payment of money. lie preferred that
the United States should be impOver-
ished. perhaps defeated. rather than
that II should buy peace.
Millions for defence. In the day Of
WOODROW WILSON. means millions ex-
tractcd directly from the railroads
and Indirectly from the American peo-
ple and used to bride 100000 men
not to oppose WILSON at the coming
election. PiNCKNEY would have
called this tribute. or blnckmail. He
was n stiff necked fellow who. in the
| council Of war at Charleston. voted
"for the rejection Of all terms of n
pitulatlOn and for continuing hOstil.
tiles to the Inst extremity" II PISCK-
NrY were now alive 1t might I've the
pleasure Of Mr.. WILSON to show him
how trivial was the case of him and
his ancient associates. BY yielding
To blackmail they stood to insure only
their lives. comfort and fortunes
while WILSON yields in an attempt to
SAVE his office. The professor would
have n hard time convincing PINCK'
My that Il man who yields 10 black
mil. or acts as Il collector Of i,
does not sacrifice n good deal. for II
was of PINCKNEy that CHARLES
CHArNCEY said that his love Of hono'
was greater than his love of power
and deeper than his love of self"
Poor old PINCKNEY. Twice ne wa
a candidate for President. but he ha6
not the enterprise to betray his coun
try "r his party In M effort T." "d
vance himself.
The sun., 1916-09-05
Character Study by JOsephus.

The Hon. %.JosEPHUs DANIELS of
Raleigh has a theory Of the genesis
of his chieftain's political greatness
which Is as sound as 1t Is interesting.
We quote from ~JosEPHus's NeWs and
Observer:
Colonel HARVEY. able and brilliant
man that he is, lid not comprehend just
the type OF man WOODROW WILSON Wa
when he aided Gas 1t must be admitted
he did in getting Mr.. WILSON before
the people
No. HARVEY didn't quite comprc
bend the type; he found 1t out later
! That has been the experience of se,'
ernl other ~benefuctors and promoters
of Intelligence without Character.
The sun., 1916-09-05
IN AUTHORITY.

Azazicl Floyd Gould tried to got the
Republican nomination for Sheriff Of
his county in 1873, lie went all the
way IN New York to talk TO Roscoe
Conkling about il. and conklinc said
no. Yet other things that he said
tended To confirm .Azazicl's good opin-
ion Of himself, and he decided that, a.
"A man born for authority, sooner or
later the sh~rievalty must h" his.
AHaziel was married To .hnncllc liallock
and he had a good job as foreman OF
the oyster beds at Whispering Point.
In lNS2, when he AGAIN went after the
nomination for sheriff, he had to give
up this job. II" was not nominated.
and then he had his choice of return
ing to work as an ordinary oyster
nan or seeking some other occupation.
He waited "A year without working,
hoping that the new Sheriff would
make him his deputy, and then six
months trying to get a clerkship in
the Shcrin's office Annellc went out
Ia do house work for other families
She could not complain that Azaziel
was a d%runkard or that he abused her
~ wv" "," -
''"''""N r',,"'" 'u'
80 u' "a, r,N.". Wv
N''"' ~ ~,
'''"'e NV
! was for his health.
."' S.
,..aI, ,ao, ,,..na T.,
'' a., ,.''NS" ~ 49,
The sun., 1916-09-05

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-Sir: Raw
for Mr., Wilson, Raw. Raw. Is just
a Niger" but a happy one? Porte.
on a Pullman car between New York
and 81, Louis that makes the run in
a little over th!rty-six hours. Hash;
Mr.. Wilson just made a law saying tina;
all pussons employed In any capacity
In operating cars on any railroad carry
ing passengers in the United states shall
he paid a days DAY for every eigl'
hours while So employed Can't I the.
demand and collect four and "A half daN,
pay for every trip II not why not
Amt | a pusson and al operator? Ra v
for Mr.. Wilson, He's the hest frien,
In. "cullud pusson" has had since IN,
day Of Massa L.inkum. Raw for Mr.
Wilson \ PULLMAN PORTER.
RRooKLyN. September 1.
The sun., 1916-09-05
The Supposed Acceptance Of Pro
Rata Pay for Overtime.

The eight hour bill which Presi-
dent WILSON forced upon II ~cOwnrdly
Congress has been misunderstood or
misrepresented In some quarters. IT
has been misrepresented as II compro-
mise by which the brotherhood lead.
ers obtain the temporary and tenta-
tive support Of law for their demand
for ten hours wages for eight hours
work. and in return yield or recede
from the second proposal on which
the strike vote was taken, namely, the
demand for time and one-half pay
for overtime in all hut the passenger
service.
A recession from the brotherhoOds'
original demands to the extent of nc
cepting pro rata pay instead of time
and one-half pay for overtime Is the
supposed contribution Of the railway
unions to the compromise" arranged
by Mr.. WILSON.
There Is no such contribution, NJ
such concession. 10 such compromise
on the part of the brotherhoOds. The
Adamson act does not provide tha'
the railway employees must accept
pro rata pay for overtime. What the
act says Is this:
sFor all necessary time in excess o.
eight hours such employees shall be pait
At q rate NOT less than a pro rata rate
for such standard eight hour worr
day."
This fixes Il minimum for the en-
ployers to pay, hut no maximum fol
the legal demands of the employees.
Not less than pro rata does no
mean not mor than pro rata.
The WilsOn-Adamson net contains
nothing which would prevent the fou
brotherhoods from proceeding to-mor
row or next week or next month t.
demand time and one-half pay 70
overtime under the same threat O
throttling the nation which was sue
cessfully employed, with Presiden
WILSON'S powerful aid. in extortinI
ten hours pay for eight hours labor.
The sun., 1916-09-05
Early Opening Of the Theatres.

Various causes combined to con.
vince the theatre managers that 1t
would I've the part Of wisdom to open
their theatres earlier than usual. Au-
gust occasionally brought In some "
the dramatic novelties. but the greater
number Of theatres used to begin their
seasons on ar about Labor Day. There
hns been since the middle of August
Of this year scarcely n night which
did not see the opening Of a theatre.
This was the result of the belief Of
the managers that the greatest pros.
perity would await them In the last
month Of summer.
The presence of an unusually large
number Of visitors to the city was
the principal reason for this sanguine
feeling on the part Of the entrepre-
ncurs. The lack Of opportunity for
European travel has kept in New
York many who would not ordinarily
be here. Making their holidays in the
metropolis. 1t was supposed they
would be eager for the pleasures OF
the theatre. The premature begin.
ming of the dramatic season was the
result of this reasoning.
So far there have not been put be-
fore the public more than two plays
which seem tn possess vitality enough
to last after Thanksgiving. As to the
possibility that any Of the present
performances may he witnessed after
Christmas there cannot he the slight
est hope in the mind Of the most on.
timistic im%presario. Already four OF
the productions arranged for the .Au.
gust audiences have been removed
from the gaze Of the public.
The visitors have indeed given evil
dence Of possessing an independence
of Judgment which Is not to he infu.
cnced by the managers. just because
the theatres had prepared new plays
for their entertainment the strangers
did not In the least feel that II was
their duty to 90 to them. Indeed
they showed greater pcrverscness In
the matter of selecting their amuse,
ments and went to see the pieces they
had heard well Of.
In consequence the two summer
musical spectacles and one play which
hns proved Its popularity by a Ions
run are attracting much more patron
age than any Of the new pieces. The
public does not have I n he Of New
York necessarily To find out what 1
wants to see and what IL worth see
ing. Future dramatic seasons shout
profit by this manifestation Of indie
pendent judgment. and managers viii
probably cease to think that the Wis
itors will 60 into any playhouse jus
because 1t happens TO he opened fo'
their benefit. The visitors are just n
capable rs the natives Of finding theiI
way about the playhouse
which seek to attract their patronage
The sun., 1916-09-05

our Spanish war. Disaster to any
part Of General PERsHiSG's forces,
rendered possible only through the
possession by Mexican bandits of
American made weapons, might serve
to open the eyes Of those of our II
trymrn who are still blind tn the AL.
ministrntion's fatal shortcomings to
the hidcOus menace to u national
honor and safety that turks in the
substitution Of political sclleming for
truly humane administration.
That patriotic c%Ountrymnn mt FL
Vale who is willing to die for his
country. hut who asks for a square
deal from the White House. should
get n hearing from every voter In the
United States.
The sun., 1916-09-05

AND MILK.
Does Kultur Believe Them Fit Only
for Horse and Cat?

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-Sir: the
Herr Professor entered the room with
his usual courteous greeting. gently upset
my educated German cat from her chair
and seated himself in her place. Then
he gazed with disfavor at my customary
morning ration of oatmeal and milk.
when ] last was In Germany, said
the Herr Professor, II received word
from "A dear friend that he was about
TO entertain for some days n learned
American. ! t~elegraphed him To sell
his horse and buy n COW lie wanted
to know 'warum.' at once replied that
| Americans devour huge supplies of oats,
so he should dispose Of his horse to be
on the safe side and that they drink
| milk by the liter. so he should get a
COW for his guest"
Your present scribe docs not quit" get
the moral of the tale. but 1t must be
somewhat like this American decadence
Is due TO eating horse fodder and drink
ing cat beverages. while German eff
cheney is due to the strong virtues OF
such real food as sauerkraut, snelze and
beer. RICHARD +. READ.
NEW York, September 4.
The sun., 1916-09-05

TO u EDITOR OF THE SuN--Sir. Sem
ator Cunmins said It right 1T Is the
brassicst gold brick that was ever Of
fered TO the American people and dealt
10y the greatest political bunco steerer
Of all time. Could Bryan have been
worse?
A few weeks ago AT Wheeling, W Va.
saw "A political nner suspended across
Market street bearing this inscription.
"iod bless Woodrow Wilson, commander
in chief ~ the army and navy" This
prompted me to offer n blessing for my
country and fellow countrymcn, hut what
was said will hardly bear repeating,
A. r.
EAST ORANGE. y. j., September 4.
The sun., 1916-09-05
Of government by the people until there

Of government by the people until there
IL u complete reinstatement Of the prin-
ciple Of the equality before the law OF
all inen. laborer and capitalist alike
No sound economic reason has ever
been offered why the vase Garner should
enjoy "a privilege Of combination for pur-
poses such as would not be tolerated for
a momen; In a group of capitalists. why
both should not he subject to the same
restraint namely. that combinations
should he tolerated when exist as com
binations for all purposes and hence
evolve strictly In obedience to consid-
erations Of economic expcdience. while
those which exist merely for purposes
of artificial control OF the market. ana
hence swell to dimensions that defy
considerations Of economic expedience,
should he condemned.
A recognition OF this principle would
injure no social element except the forces
OF eNtortion
without 1t no prospect exists save OF
successive and increasing huniliations.
c. n. WARD.
SPRINGFIELD Mass, September 4.
The sun., 1916-09-05
lie nared the Contrast!

He dared the contrast There where Lin
coin came
Into = world that Graves the great Of
soul,
where loving hands inscribe a deathle.s
name
In golden letters upon G'ory's scroll.
tic spoke Of him whose broodins, somhro
eyes
4 vision saw that others could not see.
Whose deeds were doughty as his words
were wise,
Who suffered death that csptives might
he free.
He raised his hand 10 still the cheering
throng,
who saw the portrait he had iimned In
words
or one who held no parley with the wrong,
Whose soul was pure rs is the song Of
birds.
lie dared The contrast, he the faint Of
heart,
Ills hand upiifted that had held the per
That cast his name from Lincoln's far
God works His vii with Srsst and
EDvASp .. vAs ALA
The sun., 1916-09-05
Japan for Japan, and America fol
America.

We trust there may never be armed
conflict between the United States and
Japan, and we suppose that even
II popular MISUNDERSTANDING, racial
p~rejudices, unregulated commercial
rlvalries, or foolish or INSCRIPTIONS
craftsmanship may he fated to lead to
such a conflict between the Powers
that confront each other across the
Pacific a good many years must pass
before the unpleasant possibility be-
comes a hateful reality.
But 1t IL certain that in the eco
nomic struggle that will follow close
upon the cessation Of armed hOstilities
In Europe there will he imperative
need Of formulation or determination
Of American relations with the
MikadO's people. We must have n
policy, and hew to its line. We must
take the binders OF our diplomacy
and must regulate our trust In those
with whom we deal to conform 10 the
fact that human conduct in nations
- In individuals rests upOn the fMlda,
mental rule that they will get who
have the power, and they will keeI
who can
Japan has planned and Is preparing
to execute her policy OF trade develop
mont. II will not he haZy in ronccp
ton, nor lax in execution. II will Il.
not idcalistic or theorctic, haplinznrC
or intermittent. but well reasoned an,
Socurstely spnia1 pracuca1 psrsis
The sun., 1916-09-05
THE cowARDLY SURRENDER.
Indignation Increases rs People Begin
10 Cnderstand What II Means.

To THE EDITOR or THE SUN-Sir: 4
correspondent writing from Putnn ~.
Conn. suggests that the Congress should
enact a law furnishing the railroad BROTH
erhoods by INJECTING a heavy fine upon
them should they strike All wrong.
dead wrong. The Congress has alread!
decided to fine the railways. How s.u.
pid Of your correspondent.
JAMES WARpIAw.
MouNT VERNON, September 4.
The sun., 1916-09-05

tent and productive. It VIII neces-
sari,y compete with our policy and we
can meet 1t only with n policy equally
clear In outline and substantial In con.
tent, equally firm and At.
The japanese Government Is not en-
gagged In the service Of Humanity.
japan In for japan. And that Is one
more reason why. after the next fourth
Of March. America should be and will
be for America.