davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1916-01-23
)NlN1ON CLAY" REVIEWED A LA RUSKIN
Secret of the Play S
Success Revealed in
Rapture With Which
the Audiences Gaze on
His Protrait

Ellen has got job as housema!d
in one Of those single family residences
in South Bend that swarm with liv-
! cried footmen. buffers. Wallets and
| chauffeurs pussyfooting 1t among
| drawing rooms decorated by Miss
Elsie de Wolfe. Any one who knows
South Bend. Aurora, Mishawaka or
any other Indiana town will remember
the kind of homes out there that Ellen
picked out TO begin to go straight in.
She nailed the job. SO Ellen tells early.
by hurrying from Jail to local en-
ployment agency. but she doesn't go
| into details about where she got her
letters OF recommendation. In JAIL
| however, she probably had been an
| ace high member Of the Ladies Auxil-
| iary Of the Mutual Welfare League,
and upon finishing hep bit doubtless
had gone forth with some snappy let
ters from the Forgers' Chapter Of the
League, not to mention a letter from
the warden that would land any am
bilious girl in one OF the swellest
homes in all South Bend.
| Dud Hawley happens into the draw
ing room from the dance that Anne.
the debutante daughter Of the house.
Is putting over upstairs, Dud Haw-
ley being made up to pretend that he's
Arthur Couklcy. Arthur is a mere lad
with wavy hair and long lashes. but
one sees that he is suffering. His fair
young head droops and droops and lie
buries his face in his arms. Braveiy
the lad-he's not much more than "a
boy-fights to conceal the tremors tina I
III h,,s atvnN
losing fight. For Arthur is stewed to
the gills. That last drink upstairs
did il.
So they threw him out.
Orme Caldara. making pretend he 8
Anncs brother Hugh. just home for
the Christmas holidays is a
colleger--takes an active part in the
fast exit OF little Arthur. the ac-
knowledged social souse. Then Hugh
turns and gets a flash at Ellen the
Beautiful Housemaid.
That flash starts the plot. After this
there are "A lot OF things and stun and
Hugh makes date with his father
10 meet him in the second act the nnxt
DAY in Judge Jack Mason Flson' S
office so that they can all go "to the
City Club for luncheon" Whether or
not HnDh acquires some overnight
scruples about going TO the City Club
nc doesn't TELL nut he's late Tor the
luncheon date. The second act shows
Judge FIsons office. but when Hnph
enters and meets his father and the
Judge II II now. so the programme
says, the following October" or al
most year later.
The details OF what happened dur
ing ,his second act. and the act an,
z epiloCue that followed would b,
clearer. doubtless. IL the picture o
Marse Henry watterson. which frs
appears In the second act. hadn't hel,
5 the reporter with its haunting beau,
I for the rest OF the evening.
2 ANYWAY, it's the Judgrs office. an,
2. Dudley Hawley gets pinchcd, and IT.
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1916-11-24

Observation-Disclosures
The most pathetic episode in the
tragic history Of the JeWs of Spain
and Portugal is the story of the Mar
amos, who were the direct and immedi-
ate cause of the Inquisition, and finally
of their own expulsion and that of
all the Jews.
By Maranos are meant the cryptic
Jews, those who outWardly lived as
Christians, but clandestinel y remained
loyal to Judaism. The name was APP
piled to them by their Christian neigh
bors as term of opprobrium and in
suit. 1t is supposed to be connected
with the word "Maranatha," which
is composed of two Aramaic words
"maran atha," meaning, "our Lord has
come and was used as a curse by
the apostle Paul. Accordingly Marano
meant PLANNED" or damned" But
in Spanish it also has the additional
meaning of hog. 1t was perhaps with
such intent that the name was applied
to the cryptic. Jews by their Christian
enemies. Originally they were called
"conversos" in Spain, and "Christaos
Novos' (new Christians in Portugal
In Hebrew writings they are known
as "anusim, "the forced ones" which
tells the story Of their origin
They were forced converts to Chris
tianity, forced by most cruel persecu-
ton, violence and massacre The
wholesale persecution of Jews in
Christian Spain began during the
troubled period of civil war when the
two brothers Don Pedro, called "the
cruel,' and Henry de Trastamara were
rivals for the throne of Castillo Don
Pedro, as the legitimate heir of his ia
Their, had the support of the Jews Of
CASTLE. For this Henry and his fol-
lowers, including the foreign contin
gents that rallied to his banner,
wreaked cruel vengeance upon them.
They were made to pay heavy fines,
their homes were pillaged and de-
stroyed, many were sold as slaves,
others were massacred, and many who
wished to escape such fate found
refuge in the bosom of the church.
More serious were the troubles that
overlook the Jews aout thirty years
later, in the fatal year 1891. AS a
result of the infammatory preaching
against them of the fanatical priest
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1916-11-24
THE MARANOS
By DR.. S. N. Deinard.


Ferdinand Martinez, the violent fury
of the mobs in certain cities became
SO threatening and found vent in such
brutal outrages that again large num-
bers of eWs found conversion as the
only means of escape, the very thing
the priest wished to accomplish The
majority Of the $4,000 Jewish souls of
Seville were thus baptized, among
them Samuel Abrabanel, the ancestor
of the famous Abrabanel family.
Similarly in Cordova, Toledo, and in
the seventy other communities visited
by persecution and mob violence, large
numbers embraced Christianity Most
of the 5000 Jews of Valencia and
about 10000 in Barcelona, and por-
portionately in other cities in Aragon,
and a large number in Palma, the
Island of Majorca, were converted
Another wave of persecution, mob
Outrages and massacres swept over
the unfortunate Jews of the peninsula
as a result of the incendiary preaching
of the fanatical Vincent Ferrer in
1412. He, too, wished to gather in
the lost sheep of the house of Israel
by terrorizing them, and he succeeded.
Large numbers of Jews in many
of the communities of CASTLE and
Aragon altogether about 10000
souls-fed to the baptisrnal font for
safety. Some small Jewish commune
ties entirely disappeared. Such, for
instance, was the fate of the congre-
CATION of Palma, Majorca in 1440
Upon the charge that Moorish serv-
ant of Jew was crucified by the Jews
during Holy Week, to which accusa-
ton an unprincipled member of the
congregation out of revenge gave tes
timony, the whole congregation was
threatened with destruction The only
alternative left them was conversion
and the entire congregation, about 200
souls, were baptized.
Thus by the middle of the 18th
century there must have been over
100000 converted Jews in Spain, who
together with their families formed a
considerable element of the population.
AS members of the church all the ave-
nues to advancement and preferment
were open to them. They were no
longer hampered by restrictive laws
and their ambitions in life had the
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1916-11-24

freest scope and sway. They amassed
wealth and filled positions of power
and influence Some of them, or the
descendants of some, held high offices
even in the church. The wealthy ones
among them intermarried with the
Spanish nobility, for many an inpe-
cunious nobleman was glad to replen-
ish his empty Golfers with the gold
that the daughter of rich Jewish con-
vert brought him. Some of them were
counted among the most illustrious
families of Spain.
Yet all the while these converts
were cryptic Jews, wearing the church
mask only for safety and protection
That, however, cannot be said of all
Of them. Some undoubtedly there
were who had been lukewarm and in
different Jews, worldly-minded and
ambitious, who were not at all averse
to being forced to give up religion
that brought them contume1y and suf-
fering for nominal attachment to an
other faith that opened the door of
opportunity for them. Once released
from their old bonds, they signa1ized
their liberation by the display of a
fanatic zeal against their former breth-
rem and the faith they had forsaken.
They traduced and illuminated them
whenever occasion offered itself. They
became their most bitter enemies and
prosecutors.
The number of these traitors,
however, was small, although the in
jury they wrought was great. The
great majority of the forced converts,
as well as their descendants, remained
true Jews at heart. Some were salts
fed to continue to play the double part
as long as they could do so with i'm
punity. They secretly attended the
synagog and observed Jewish rites and
laws at home. They gave their chill
dren as much of Jewish education
as they dared. Outwardly they con-
formed with the requirements of the
church, which they must have despised
and hated at heart as the source of all
their misery To others the mask was
SO CALLING and repellant, and even their
lip-profession Of Christianity SO hate
full that they availed themselves of
the first opportunity to throw off the
disguise and to return to their own
fold. If that was impossible for them
in their own country, they emigrated
to the neighboring lands under Moor
ish dominion, to Granada, Morocco
and other regions of the North Afri-
can coast Some even settled in POr-
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1916-03-23
William 0. Lamb.

William O. Lamb, third son of W..
A. and H. E. Lamb, was born at We'll
don, Iowa, June 10, 1890, died at the
home of his parents in Leon, Iowa,
Saturday, March IS, 1916, aged 20
years months and days.
The whole life of the deceased had
been spent in Decatur county moving
with his parents to Leon about elev-
en- wears ago. He united with the
Baptist church soon after coming to
Leon, but the last three years of his
life he was a member of the Apostol-
ic faith, in which faith he died, hav-
ing spent a life of prayer and conse-
Grafton. He endured the trials of
this life with patience until the end
came, remembering the words of his
Savior, "He that endureth to the end
shall be saved
He leaves to mourn his departure
his parents, three brothers and one
Sister, Mrs. Mary Warnstaff, one sis
ter having passed on before.
Funeral services were held at the
Baptist church on Monday, March 20,
conducted by Rev. w. T. Waddell, OF
Gainesville, Mo-, from the words re-
corded in II Samuel 1928, "But now
he is dead, wherefore should ! fast?
Can bring him back again? shall
go to him but he shall not return to
me-"
Interment was in the Leon ceme-
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1916-03-23
Nellie Marian Bremen.


A beautiful little life has gone to
rest. Little Nellie Marian, beloved
daughter of Marion and Adelia
Bremen was born April 8th, 1910,
and departed this life March 8, 1915,
aged S years II months and l day.
She was the youngest of family
of nine children, three brothers and
five sisters, besides her father and
mother and a large number of rela-
tives and friends are left to mourn
her loss.
She was sick only two weeks with
appendicitis, but her sufferings are
ended now. Her sweet loving DISPOSE
ton made her at once the pet of the
family and great favorite Of all her
playmates. She had only attended
school few months, but was bright
and quick beyond her years. The
many floral offerings show the love
and esteem of the relatives and
friends.
The funeral was held at High Point
Saturday, March IL, by Rev. Duling
and there was a very large crowd in
attendance.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1916-03-23
Mrs. William Cash.

Decatur county sustained the loss
of one of it's oldest and mosl respect
ed residents on Saturday of last week
in the passing of Mrs. VIM. Cash,
near Decatur City. Her health had
been declining for long time and
the last of the week became so crlti-
cal that the family, including Mrs.
B. M. Russell, of Lamont, were sum-
moned home to be at the bedside.
Lydia e. Starkey was born in De-
Kalb, Ill.,, January /, 1S41, and de-
parted this life March II, 1916, at
the age of Is years, 2 months and 10
days.
She was married, July rs, 1857, to
William R. Cash, who remains 20
mourn the loss of his faithful COM
panion, She also leaves nine children
who were all present at the time of
her death: Winfield Cash of Leon,
w. H. and M. d. of LenoX, Mrs. Bell
Taylor of Decatur City, Mrs. Emma
Springer of Leon, Mrs. Eva Russell
of Lamont, Fred W. of Grand River,
j. Rolla, an attorney of Bonesteel, S.
D., Mrs. Anna Meek of Leon, and
John of Decatur.
In early life Mrs. Cash became a
christian and united with the United
brethren church and has lived a de-
voted and consistent christian life
until her Master called.
The funeral was held at the home
on Monday afternoon, Rev. E. F. Par
fridge officiating. Many from the i'm
mediate vicinity and neighbOring
places were present to express their
respect for the departed one and
their sympathy for the bereaved fam
.--
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1916-03-23
The Movers.

Iowa citizens are having illustrat-
ed before them, this week, the re-
suit of landlordism. Go where you
will, on the main roads, on the by
roads, early or late, you meet or pass
a tenant slowly transferring his few
cnattels from one farm to another.
The curse of tenantry is fastening it.
self on Iowa with accelerating speed.
From your automobile as you rode
through the country last fall, you
doubtless saw house after house that
had been bought and. abandoned.
The frugal man had bought out his
poorer neighbor. Year by year, in
this county at least, the conditions
grow worse. Slowly, ever since the
county settled, the land holdings
have become larger, and the number
of tenants have increased.
All other economic problems are
small compared to this one great
question of land holding. Yet Iowa
pays no attention to it, and absolute
ly nothing has been done toward pre-
venting the rich soil of Iowa from
passing into the hands Of a compara-
lively few men. Iowa, with dW1n-
ding rural population, seems to have
no legislators with courage to face
the serious problem. Winterset
News.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1916-03-23
John G. stockton.

John c., son of Judg Lacon D..
and Elizabeth Stockton, Yves born In
Burlington, Iowa., April "a, 1916,
where he received liberal education.
When only IA years of age he enter
ed printing Office with an uncle in
Ohio, spending his school vacation
learning the rudimen.s Of the print
er's trade which was to be his chosen
profession.
Arriving at manhood's age, he
spent few years in travelling
through many, states of the union,
paying his expenses by working at
his trade as printer, whenever funds
ran short. In this way he gained an
education and polish that only travel
and close observation can give.
In 1869 he came to Leon and iden-
titled himself with the Decatur Coun-
ty Journal, remaining here for about
three years, when he went to Sher-
man, Tevas, where he took sharge
of paper for about three years.
In 1874 he married Elsie A. Ellis,
of Leon, Iowa, with whom he got ac-
quainted while living in Leon. They
returned to Leon about 1875, and
again he became identified with the
Journal, and later with the Report
er In 1887 he started and for few
years was editor and publisher of a
"greenback' paper known as THE
Fact"
AS a writer he was versatile and
forceful, and was reco: 'nlzed as one of
the foremost editors of the state. In
the fall of 1896 he was elected clerk
of the district court of this. county,
and ably filled this Office for four
years. After retiring from office in
1901 he gave his attention to news
paper work and farming. -
His wife died j. June, 1900, leav-
ing him with one son Lacon, daugh-
rs years. In May, 1902, he married
Miss Bell McCre;.dy, by whom he has
another son John R. In the fall Of
1905 during the great printers strike
in Chicago, Mr. "tockton went to
Chicago and took employment in the
printing establishment of Rand &
McNally, whore his merits were soon
recognized, md he was placed in
charge of the job department. His
strong personality enabled him to
pass among the striking printers
without molestation or harm. He
filled this position for about eleven
months when he voluntarily resign
ed and returned to his home.
For the last year he has been in
failing health, and peacefully passed
to his reward March Is, 1916, aged
69 years, 10 months and 81 days. In
church utilization he was Methodist,
and his motto was "do right"
A man of more than ordinary
ability has gone from our midst, but
his memory is emblazoned on the
pages of history.
He leaves devoted wife, and two
sons, Lacon and John R., 70 mourn
his loss, but their sorrow is not as
those who have no hope.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1916-03-23
Avoid Spring Colds.

Sudden changes, high winds, shift
ing seasons cause colds and grippe,
and these spring colds are annoying
bottle of Dr.. Kings New Discovery
into chronic summer cough. In
such cases take treatment of DR..
Kings New Discovery, a pleasant
laxative tar syrup. 1t sooths the
cough. checks the cold and helps
break up an attack Of grippe. Its
already prepared, no mixing or fuss
tns. Just ask your druggist for q
and dangerous and are likely to turn
Tested and tried for over 40 years 3
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1916-03-23
Motorcycle

New and rebuilt, on monthly pay.
ment plan. Dealers and riders want
ed. Eagle Motor Co.. Cedar Falls.
Iowa.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1916-03-23

For Sale-On the stone farm. 4
miles northwest of Leon. n miles
northeast of Decatur, native LUMBER
of all kinds, fence posts. split OF
sawed and stove wood. w. w. Full
ton.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1916-03-23

REPORTER FOR SALE HILLS.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1916-12-30
NeuU Year FeteS
Promise Thrills
Continued from PaEe One

Continued from PAGE One
brate this year Fathers ana mothers and
their young daughters and their young
daughters sweethearts will all celebrate
together la a good. wholesome, joyous fash
ion. Prosperity seems to have struck every
body"
Paul Arneswald. head waiter at the Hotel
Adelphia. was equally optimistic The
Adelphia has been elAborately decorated
Tor the occasion. A table d'hote dinner Will
be served there at any time Sunday night
which will be supplemented with liquors
after midnight
AT L'Aiglon Cafe improvident folk who
believed that they could obtain table by
ordering within the last week were dis
appointed. Every place was taken AZ
Kugler's the management described the ad-
vance orders as unprecedented IN number"
There win be no dancing AZ the cafes and
hotels until after midnight The Philadel-
phia Hotel Mems Association agreed 10 obey
the law 20 its very letter,
There will be many hundreds OF persons
who will dine before midnight, however. ae-
eording 10 Herbert C. Crowhurst assistant
manager OF the Hotel Walton, and the other
features Of the celebration viii b deferred
unta early Monday morning.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1916-12-30
KARL ASCENDS THRONR
AS KING OF HUNGARY
Pomp, Despite War, Marks Fins,
Coronation Ceremonies in
Budapest

BUDAPEST. Dec so.-Desn,t. a..
that his empire IL engaged in as.a.'.ssett i-et
struggle for its existence, the Anal s.-,
monies today at the coronation ~ -.
as King Of Hungary were r,aSt.s ~
spiendor and brilliancy p
Thousands OF persons, ao1dtera .,,.o,.
and officers OF state. had gather.d -
from all parts Of the empire and IN. ~,
was In gala attire with flags and b,,r,
ing. 'un'-
The ceremonies Of coronation dsva !.
gan at o'clock this morning. An snc,s.,
customs were followed The rovat cs..-.
proceeded TO the church OF st Matthe,- \,
procession headed by the uuns.s,,,.
Premier. IL Is part OF the ceremon,, -.
the new King, on reaching a hin -
point with his sword TO tho cardinal ,,a,s.t
OF the compass, thus slgnifyinR HE ~
tlon TO defend the territory arains, -,
enemies After the ceremonies tba t,t-l
rode to the castle. while the Minia,er y
Finance rode among the uopulace on hor,s'
back distributing gold coins.
The crown OF st. Stephen was ,a,.r 1.
the Church OF ST Matthew yesterday .rS
was guarded all night by soldiers "e
The costumes, especially those NJ ,A.
ladies Of the court, were beautiful orsss
zlta wore a white satin gown that. ,oss,L.a
with it's gold ornaments, cost mora ,h..
$4,000. eAa
The reign OF the new Hungarian ~.
begins under inausplcous crcunFta meas ~
TO the war However the young ,nonassl
is democratic by nature and popuIar sss
there Is universal belief that ne will ~
everything in his power TO bring about az
carly peace. II is understood tina. Ksr,
has a number OF reforms In mind.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1916-12-30
CARRANZA STILL BALKS,
BUT IS CONCTLIAT0RY
Bar to Agreement With u. S. Is
Pershing's Force-Villa
Pressure Felt

WASHINGTON. Dec. 3O--Despite the
fact that no direct mention IL made In Cen
eral Carrangas latest objection to the At
IantIc city protocol to the continued pres
encc OF American troops in Mexico that is
the chief reason he holds for refusing to
lndorae the document
1t was pointed out today that In rcfualng
to approve tho protocol, Carranza brings
the strongest possible indirect objection TO
the presence Of the PershinB colmun ny
pointing to the Mexican understanding ot
the course the discussions OF the joint com
mission were TO take.
The withdrawal OF the American troops
in the opinion OF the First chief, was to
be agreed upon informally before other
steps were taken for the adjustment OF eN-
listing international difficulties. He could
not object directly 10 their presence, 1t was
pointed out az he has never officially recog-
nlzed their presence.
Secretary Lane, chairman Of the Amer
lean section of the committee, will not fore
cast the action OF the American members
before the Carranza objections are laid be-
fore them. The fact that Carranza's OBJ
Jections are concliatory In tone gave some
hope today that basis for the negotiations
with Mexico could be reached.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1916-12-30
Air Fleet Reaches
City in "War" Test

Continued from Page One
the presence Of large crowd, including
officers OF the Atlantic reserve fleet and
the Army Signal Corps Within two min.
utes after the first machine rose all OF the
aeroplanes were in the air. Circlng over
the field TO reach higher attitudes. they
headed down the island at great speed
resembling a flock OF great birds seeking
d rectlon in preparation for the annual mi
grafton southwark,
When the twelve hiers got away from
the Hampstead station Lieutenant Baker
and Carroll. who were TO join them at Gov
ernor's Island. had not yet wheeled their
machines out OF the hangar. II was feared
that they would not get away In time TO
join the flight None of the twelve hiers
landed on Governors Island, They passed
far out over the bay and continued over
Staten Island. After reaching Trenton the
fiers took a straight course to Philadelphia
Captain J. f. Carberry, OF the aviation
section u. $. A., had charge OF the flight
assisted by Captain w. G, Kilner also OF
the army aviation service. Captain j. b.
Stetson. Jr was a passenger in Captain
Kilners machine.
The flight gives opportunity for the avia-
tors to qualify for the reserve officers flying
certificate, which will make them available
for the second line Of aerial defense
The flight is expected 70 prove or dis
prove the value OF hundreds Of appliances
Invented for aerOplanes. special test will
be given the thermo-barograph, which meas
ures temperature, altitude and drift There
viii also be tests Of water flying clothing.