The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-08-13

suited the development oil aruleFN 10 II punt ue'e
tofore unheard of and dependence on the cannon
and its near relative the machine gun, to an extent
that asmished all military Observers
The Blow on the DoHaIec,
But not until the offensive on grand scale against
Russia was decided on was the strength Of the leu
tonic forces in artillery fully appreciated The
DonajecBiala line was selected the point for thee
first attack Here the Russian line came down into
Gaicia from Poland almost due north and south ana
turned abruptly east along the summit of the Car
pathlans II was supported by Tarnow and Gorlice,
and during its six months Of occupancy it had been
strongly md carefully fortified
General Won MackensenS object was to break
through over the Donajec, drive the Russian right
back Into Poland and Isolate the armies operating
in the C0rpathians. For this task he massed more
than $50 batteries Of all caIibres front between
twenty-five and thirty miles wide, then moved his
allied army up to the line from the Cracow rem
devious. He opened his bombardment in the after
noon Of May l. 1915 and maintained an unprece-
dented fire for twentyfour hours. On the afternoon
of May he ordered an attack along the whole
Donajcc front supported by simultaneous advance
of all the Ausro-German armies in and south OF the
Carpatms.
The first shock upset the Russians. A wide gap
was opened along the river through which the Ge"-
mans began to pour. 1t seemed certain they had ef-
fected real break but the russians rallied around
a small mountain DobrotynD five miles back from
the Donalc and the Zamc2ysko group OF mus BACK
of Gorcc and before these could be passed they had
brought slight sembance Of order out of the chaos
into which they had been thrown and were able to
link up their line in weak and ragged formation
but enough to prevent its complete piercing, They
found it impossible to make a serious stand, how
ever and they began retreat to the San, which took
On all thccharaccrStics of flight.
Russian pressure in the Carpathians relaxed at
once as a matter of necessity So critica. did the
situation Of the army which had passed through
Dukla Pass become that its humiliation was re-
garded ascertain. But by almost superhuman eXe7-
tons it got out of the pass and fell down to the foot
hills just in time to continue the retreat with the
badly battered Donajcc army,
Not until the San was crossed and the fortress of
Permysi and the city of Iarosav offered temporary
refuge and supporting points were the Russians able
to halt Here they rallied and for twelve days from
May II, held up the Austro-German advance.
Austrians Recoper Permysl
Permyslwas evacuated by the Russians on June
after beingn Russian hands less than ten weeks and
the retreat was continued to the line of the Grodek
ne the next stand.
The Russian withdrawal from the San line marked
the first larger development of the German offensive
Occupying Lelnbcrg the middle Of June, Won Mack
ensen swung his main army at a right angle 10 the
north while with his right he pushed back the Rus
slams 10 the Sereth in East Galicla, and on broad
ninety mile front with Archduke Joseph Ferdinand
On his left along the NiStula, he moved up between
he Bug and the Vistula toward the LubinCholm
.ailway, which is the Warsaw Kfeff-OdesSa trunk
Inc and one of the main Russian arteries for the
supply of the whole Polish front
JJp TO the recapure of LcmbCrg little activity had
oeen manifested by the Germans i'll front of War
saw or in fact by any of the Won Hindenburg group
which held the line from the Pcu to the East
Prussan frontier With Gaicia virtually cleared and
Won Alackcnsen marching into Russia, however, Won
Htndenburg got into action. This ended the first
phase of tile offensive and began the second and
more pretcntious phase which called for correlated
action by amovng force of 25ON0OO Teutonic troops
IN Il front more than six hundred miles wide
The frstconcrete evidence Of the determination Of
the German staff to enlarge the sphere of operations
came with the sudden appearance of large body OF
German cavalry in the Russian Baltic provinces Rus
sia apparently had never anticipated an attack III THIS
direction and had prepared no adequate defences
north OF the Nlelneu ltlNeI' NuCu LHHlN eu tHe ''
Of the frontier Notifications.
Using Tlsit and Memel as bases, cavalry division
under General Won Buelow advanced rapidly into
Courand cut the Dvinsk-Libau Railway and moved
toward Riga. German control of the Baltic was
secure and through Libau large numbers of infantry
and cavalry were sent to reinforce Won Buelow, who
soon ended his raids in the face of a Russian army
hastily sent into the region and took up line OF
battle from point about thirty miles outside Riga
down the Niemen in front of Koyno, with bulge
70 the east in the direction of the Dvina.
Wise Closes on WARSAW.
Won Hindcnburg and Won Mackensen now began
their tasks Of pressing in the fonks of the Russians
occupying the Polish salient, with the object of cut
ting off and destroying the army Of approximately
100000 men holding the Vistua line, which had its
main points of support in Ivangorod and Warsaw.
Van Mackeusen was striking 1875 miles in the rear
of the apex Of the salient at Warsaw and Noyo
! Georgievsk Won Hindenburg, while he faced War
saw, avoided an engagement there and instead at
tackled the flank along the Narew and the Bohr from
forty to sixty miles in the rear Of the capital
After delay of nearly two weeks ten miles below
Lubin, Won Mackensen dislodged the Russians de-
Tending the Lublin- Chom line and cut communica-
lions with Imngorod from the east Won Hindenburg,
ri,,In,, n Sories of sanr1nnrv nnro rampntS in tho