davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26

history of France as a nation. NJ.
Batiffofs study deals with the crowd
ed century that lies between the close
Of the middle ages and the beginning
Of modern France. Louis ri, with
whose death this history opens. had
overcome the feudal houses and had
begun the building of the absolute
French monarchy on basis OF unity OF
government and unity Of territory. The
rulers who followed Louis AI had not
his vision. however. Organization and
consolidation were no part OF their
plans. Therefore, wars for the con-
tween Catholic and Protestant, and
wars for the extension of France to-
ward the north and east, occupy the
period under consideration. Accom-
panying these main lines of events are
SUGGESTIONS of vivid pictures and por-
traits that objectify and set in order
much that would, except Tor TINS clear
and impressive treatment, be unselz-
able in this century of confused crop
ings toward the idea of national
France. Eight kings OF France. Kings
of inconsiderable account. reigned in
this century. Louis Nj. at its begin
ming. and Henry ~. at ITS close, are
the only royal figures of the century
and a quarter included here. NJ. BATH
fol, like the other historians chosen
for this work, is writer whose aplllty
thorities. This fact gives special value
to the plan projected by the edltors.
An Introduction by John Edward Cour-
tenay Bodley. corresponding member
of the Institute of France. gives addi-
tional proof of the valuable quality and
high purpose of this enterprise.
WAR LETTERS OF AN AMERICAN
WOMAN. BY Marie Van Worst. au-
thor of big Tremaine. etc. illus
trated. New York: John Lane Com
pany.
Personal experience at the American
in the Pasteur Institute at
Neuilly, warm friends both French and
English at the front, fervor of friend
ship for the allies and an adherence
of equal intensity for their enemies.
make the foundation upon which Miss
Van Worst has given her impressions
of the great war. Her skill as writer.
coupled with an amazing energy of &C
tivity in number1esS directions and an
uncomfortable animation in the face of
every event. have enabled her to gather
hundreds of sketches of war scenes in
a particularly vivid and effective man
ner, and always in passion OF pro-
found sympathy for the human side OF
this confusion of agony. this turmoil of
suffering. This is another one of the
hundreds of books from eyewitnesses
of the stupendous event. And. like the
others. this comes in the flavor of some
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26
BOOKS RECEIVED.

GUINNESS; A Comedy I'm Four Acts.
By Horace Annesley Vachell. author
of "Searchlights." etc. New York:
George II. Doran Company.
CATALOGUE OF YALE UNIVERSITY.
l915-I916. New Haven. Published
by the university.
THE NATURAL METHOD OF VOICE
PRODUCTION IN SPEECH AND
SONG. BY Floyd s. mickey, NJ. D.,
c. NJ Illustrated. New York:
Charles Scribner's Sons. Washing
ton: Woodward & Lothrop.
THE RIVERSIDE LITERATURE
SERIES-THE ILIAD OF HOMER;
Translated Into English Blank Verse.
BY William Cullen Bryant. Abridged
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26
Technique. Methods.

Beriini, Henri. 80 Selected Studies for the
Pianoforte. 1854. vXPA- B4ssf
B7s3.
Brower. Harriette. Piano Mastery. WY
Bs13p.
Cs53
Cummings. ". II. The Rudiments of Music.
1877. vwN-CaIsr.
Czerny. Carl. The School OF Velocity. 1899.
VNPA- t992s.
Germer. Heinrich. Rhythmsche Probleme.
1879. VXPA-t;3l6r.
Guide TO the Proper Use OF the Pianofort,.
Pedals. 1897. YWXo-G943.
Higgs, James. Fugue. 1875 ywS-II53s
Hirst. a. l.. Harmony in Eight Pages 1911
VWO-Hsl7h.
20 JoseTy: Rafael; Daily Studies on the Piano.
1850. NXPA-J716d.
- kunz {. NJ. Two Hundred Easy canons in
Fifth. OPP. Il. 1877 VIVA Kp65t
L977m "N'
,sa Mason; william liam Touch and Tcchnic ~.
Plaidy, Louis. New Technical STUDIES for TN
Pianoforte. 1873. NNPA- rer.n
f'laidy. Louis. Technical Studirs for III,
Pianoforie. 1859. VIVA Ps.,3t
Irentner. Marie. The Modern Pianist IArA-
f'ront. Ebenezcr. Instrumentation. WIT.
P94s.
Stainer. Sir John. Harmony. vwo-Stifh
Streabbog. L.. pseud. Il Mrlodious Etui.s
NNPA -Sts3t.
Unschuld Melasfrld MARI. Seal. prsc-
tee 1911. NNPA-Un17s.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26
Like Mexico.
A SENATOR was talking about Mex

A ieo. ~" was taking ABOUT AFN
will there ever be peace there
again?" he said. I'm afraid not-un-
less we make peace there with a couple
of army corps. Mexico, in fact, reminds
me of the Browns.
1.-The Browns were always on the
outs High words were heard coming
from their fiat one day, and neighbor
said:
new quarrel?'
No, answered another neighbor
but they've patched up the old one till
it's as good as new
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26
LIS /.

tiles where man is not its worst enemy.
The propriety of placing the quail on
the sonGbird list and protecting it by
state and federal laws might be the
subject of "A debate that could have few
supporters of the negative argument.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26
THE TEXAS quail.

called the most gentle and lovable spe-
cies in the country; it is beautiful in
form and feather. charming in its call
notes, and confiding to a fault in local
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26

proud. so wide are its activities. ex-
cellent its achievements. AS a surprise
to this organization and others came
during the past year, an appropriation
of $4,000 from the city to purchase
works by local artists for the adorn-
ment of the schools. The initial pur-
chase was group of eight paintings
and this was promptly lent to one of
the schools, later to be passed on to
others. The Art Institute of Chicago
also lends to the schools and from
other sources loans are secured. Pains
are taken to send the pictures to the
poorer neighborhoods, where there is
less beauty in the homes, and there
seems no doubt they are thoroughly
enjoyed and appreciated.
A REPLICA of the famous Colleoni
SN statue in Venice is being cast in
bronze and is to be erected in Newark,
\. j.. the gift of one of this city's loyal
citizens. Owing to the war it was inn
possible to secure a cast in Europe. SO
the Chicago Art Institute consented to
have the mold made from it's cast.
which is considered very perfect. The
work is being done under the direct
supervision of j. Ma ssey Rhind, who is
himself a capable sculptor.
1ANET SCUpDER, whose work is well
" known in this city. has been COM
missioned to design and execute the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26
! GITAToRs are clamoring that the

a GITATORS are cIamoring that the
A guam Of the country are being
exterminated. They say that the
familiar bob white of the eastern
United States, known quail north of
PENNSYLVANIA and partridge all through
the south. is soon to follow in the
wake of the wild pigeon, that extinct
species of game bird which fourished
in this country in the early years of the
last century in focks of hundreds of
millions. and which now has not a sim
gle living specimen as a representative
in the world today
VIII this, ask American bird lovers.
be the fate of the quail? Accounts and
statistics seem to point toward such a
tragical climax to the life of this at
tractive game bird. The reasons are
obvious.
The quail has long been subject to
persecution by trappers and shooters
all over the country. Its numbers have
consequently been so diminished that,
I in many sections where they were once
very abundant, none now exist and
have not existed for many years past
Unless this determination is checked,
there can be but one outcome
| Out west, in the Pacific coast region.
several magnificent species of quail are
being rapidly shot out; and where
mountain, valley and scaled quails were
once found in immense fiocks, only a
few timid birds can now be sought out
| by the aid of settlers and pointers
Every one who goes afield with rife
| in the western states realizes the truth
| of this condition.
| When the Forty-niners were in Cali
| fornia. the blue quail was found there
| in such numbers that convey with up
ward of a thousand birds in it was by
| no means a rarity. Even fifty years
go they occurred in some localities in
| iocks of n hundred or more. Califor-
mans admit that these beautiful birds
are being exterminated by the shooters
| and trappers. In another half century
they will all be gone forever.
| Can the quail be saved? Plenty Of
gunners are to be found all over the
! country who shoot quail every season
solely for the pleasure they derive from
the sport and the handling of their
dogs in the field. Some shoot them en-
tirely for the markets, others shoot
them partly for sale and partly for
their own tables. Mainly they are be-
| ing killed for food. but to large ex
tent purely for the sport of it.
While all this proceeds. quail are be-
coming fewer and fewer every season
and the gunners more and more nu-
merous. Everything points to the ul-
! innate elimination of the quail unless
the matter enlists more striking at
tention from those who are in po-
stion to initiate more stringent pro-
,tectiVe measures.
Stocking certain districts where they
| have been shot out helps to certain
extent. but this can mean little more
than a temporary aid. a putting-off of
| the final outcome. Complete protection
by game laws for from one to five
years helps. but only temporarily, for
| when the bars are lifted the hunters
become active again and Immediately
| the destruction becomes serious again
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26

cling in this country at present-the
French collection and the Swedish col
lection. shown at the San Francisco
fair. The former is now at the AL
bright Gallery. Buffalo. after which it
will go to the Carnegie Institute. Pitts
burgh; the latter is in Boston being
shown under the auspices Of the Cop
lev Society after having been exhibited
in the Brooklyn Institute.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26

18th supplementary fine arts exhibit
at San Francisco is comprehensive
and proving of great interest 1t COM
prises more than a thousand works of
art by American and foreign artists.
To the following painters entire rooms
have been given. representing as it
were eighteen complete one-man shows:
William NJ Chase. fhilde Hassam. Sar-
gent. Woodbury.. Alison Skinner Clark,
Walter Griffin, John Mcclure Hamilton.
Jules Guerin, Albert Herter. Arthur
B. Davies, Redfield. John Marin,
Twachtman, Bellows, Whistler, Pen
nell. Benson and AXeI Gallen-k allela-
The exhibition continues until May !,
and meanwhile an association has been
formed in San Francisco to secure the
establishment of a permanent art mu-
scum. The membership of this organi
cation already exceeds 1000.
x
~ HICAGO has public school art So
" ciety of which it may justly be
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26
Sacred Music-Masses.

Bach. :. III. Hohe Me.se yYRM Riea
Reach. Mrs. n. II. A. Mass IN f Flat. 1901.
wynn B353.
Beethoven. Ludwig van. Mass c. vYRM-
Baa5
Cherubni. NJ. l.. c. 2. s. Requiem Mass.
.NYRR-C42..
Cherubni NJ L. c. 2. s. Third Mass in A.
wynn -C427c.
HAYDN +. +. Mass in c. No. .. 1892. wynn
H32sb.
HAYDN F. P. Mass in c. No. I. 1854. wynn
H3asg
Haydn: F. +. Sixth Mass in Flat. 1865.
wynn H3os.
Hummei. J. y. Mass in r Flat. vyRM-
Hsssa
Hummei, J. y. Mass in + Flat. vyRM-
Hss6b.
HummeI. J. \. Third Mass in d. wynn
HSs6c.
Mozart ". A. Seventh Mass. in b Flat. 1854
VYRM Ms.sg.
Palestrlna: G. p. da. Missa Papae Msrcefii.
1881. wynn Pl77mp.
Schubert, F. +. Mass in A Flat. yyRM-
Sch77.
Schubert. +. p. Mass in b Flat. wynn
Sch71b.
Schubert. F. p. Mass in G. vYRM sch77c.
Sch77e.
Schubert. F. r. Mass in +. vYRM Sch71r
Sch77g.
Weber: X: NJ, Freiherr Won. Mass in f Flat.
ViRM W3S3s.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26
Singing and Voice Culture.

Concone. Giuseppe. 50 Lecons de Chant pour Ie
Medium de la voiI. NXyA-C745 1.
Concone. Giuseppe. Is yocalses pour Soprano
on Mezzo- soprano. VXNA-C745v.
Gu.tta. Paolo. Dale Antiche Norme Dale
Move. EXNA-G93
Msrchesi. Nine. Matllde. Method of Singing
Theoretical and Practical. 1857. VIVA M3S4m
Ranske, J. Is. Voice and Nerve Control. WV
R177v
Rogers. c. X. English Diction in Song and
Speech. 1919. WY -R6S3e
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26

AS an item on the bill of fare, the
quail can, beyond all dispute, be easily
dispensed with. AS a matter of fact,
they are listed as luxuries which find
their way only to the tables of the
wealthy. The argument that they are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26

porrett, Mrs. q. b. W. Music and the Play
Instinct. w DaS1m
Elsop. Arthur The Book of Musical knowi-
edge. WEI 75b.
iIadden. ]. {. Composers in Love and Mar
risg-. 1913. vWlo-9Hl1+.
McSpsdden. J. W. Opera SYNOPSIS. Rev. cd.
vN1o- M24aa.
The Musical Blue Rock OF America. 1915. w
5M914 Reference.
ordwsy, f. Il. Handbook of the Operas. vvlc-
or29h.
Oratorios.
Bach. ]. s. The Christmas oratori". vyRo-
Bl2Ic.
aounod q. r. The Redemption. NYRo-Gsssr-
Handel. q. 2. Israel in Egypt. NYRO Hlp3l.
Haydn +. J. The Creation n Sacred Oratorio.
in Vocal Score. NSRo H32Sr.
Mendeissohn Bariholdy. Felix. Christus. vYRO-
M523c
Parker, II. ". Hora Novissims. 1898. VSR"-
P22,h.
Spchr. Ludwig. The Last Judgment. VYRo
Sp84 l.
NlRr- Sti3s.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26
Operas.

Bizet. Georges. Gems for the Pianoforte From
the Opera Carmen. NYO R55gc
Massenet. j. T.. F. Hcrodiade. NYo- Mash
Massenet. i. f.. r. werther. vYO-M3ssw.
Mozart. W. A. Don Giovanni. vYO- Ms79dC
sullivan. Sir A. $. 'Iolanthe. 1857 yYO-
Su554i.
Wagner, Richard. Selections From the MUSE,
Dramas of Richard Wagner 1908. yYo-
W125H
Wagner. Richard. The Flying Dutchman,
NlOW126h.
Wagner. Richard. Tannhseuser. vYo-
W12sta.
tlairville, J.. f., and CADET, Charles Tn.
Bells of Bonneville. 1907. VYOL-C5a4.
Songs.
Brahms, Johannes. Manic. Wv B134n
Bridge, Sir Frederick, ed. Songs From Shake
speare. Wv -B163s.
Fisher: W.. A., cd. Sixty Irish Songs for
Fisher. w; A.; ed Sixty Irish Songs for
,irieg, Edward. Nor der kIosterpforte. WV
Mario, Eduardo Gems Of Sacred Song HiSh
Voice. 1909. vYRH- M369gh
Potter, +. II. Reliquary of English SonG
NZY-Ps53r.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26

official memorial medal for the Indiana
centennial next year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26

IT. HERE are two very interesting col
u lections of foreign paintings trav-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26
Biography.

Bsssett. J. $. Life of Andrew Jackson ~.
1911. E-J12b.
Chttenden, L. +. Recolections of President
Lincoln 1904. E-L63chj.
- Crnik. Sir Henry. Life OF Edward. Earl Of
Clarendon. ~. 1911 E-C5iJ6c-
3En35.
Finn, Sister NJ r. John Bsnpister Tsbh w.
T11cf.
Gran: G; Won der L. Jean jacques Rousseau.
1872. E-R16gra L.
Izard Forrest Heroines of the Modern Stage.
Jayne. X. c. vasco da Cana and His Sue
cessors. 1910. E9J:S36.
McCabe. Joseph, Goethe. the Man and HIS
Character. 1872 E-G55smc
McGee. E. X. Life of W Mrser E-Nl13m
Rayenel, Mrs. II. ii. X. Eliza Pinckney. 1909.
L. P653r.
Rowlands, Walter. Among the Great Master.
of the Drama 1903. E-9R1aJad.
Street j. L. The Most Interesting American
T. R673st.
Trudeau. E. l.. Autobiography. E-T7ss
lyman, Katharine. Twenty five Years: Rem
iniscenccs. 1913. E-T97g.
Wallace. NJ. W. The Life of Sir Philip Sid
ney. E-Silsw.
Watson. 7. E. The Life and Times of Andrew
Jackson. 1872. E-J12wa.
William Rockhill Nelson: the Story Of a Man
Newspaper and city. 10y Members Of the
Kansas City Star. E-N335.
Watson. NJ. Is. A Carncgie Anthology. E-Ca15w.
Reference.
Wilson, Woodrow, President. United States
John Wesley's Place in History. E-w51wi
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26

NANET sCUnDER. whose work is well
" known in this city. has been COM
missioned to design and execute the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26

~ HICAGO has a public school art So
" ciety of which it may justly be
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26

Aldrich. Mildred. Hilltop on the Marne
F3079-Al "3h.
Barres. Maurice. Lame Franchise ct Ia
Guerre. V. l. F3O19B "73.
Barres Maurice. Pages Choisies. F3019- R213p.
Cable. Boyd. Between the Lines. F3079-Cllab
Droste, e. L. Documents the War of the
Nations. = v. F3O79-Ds36.
Dryden. Elizabeth. Paris in Herrck Days.
F3079-Ds49p.
Herrick, Robert The World Decision. F3o7s-
H437w.
Irwin, W. H. Men, Women and War. Fso7s-
Ir93m.
Jeffries, Jouatt. War Diary Of an American
Woman to the Proclamatio Of the Holy War,
1914. F3079JS67w.
F3079- M293w.
Okie. II. r. America and the German Peril.
FSO1g- Ok34a.
Powell. f. A. Vive la France. F3O79- Ps1Sv.
Sabatier. Paul. Frenchman's Thoughts
the War F3O79-Sa13f.
Verhaeren, Emile. La Bclgique sanglante.
F3079-V5S4
Washburn. Stanley. The Russian Campaigs.
F3O79- W273r.
Wharton, Mrs. Edith. Fighting France.
F3079-W 555f.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26

WAR LETTERS OF AN AMERICAN
WOMAN. BY Marie Van Worst. au-
thor of big Tremaine." etc. illus
trated. New York: John Lane Com
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-26

IN England a vigorous effort has been
y made to continue usual customs in
Arizona republican., 1916-09-03
Runqamiaus F0yce Amstylans t0 Retlye Across Rver
WILSON REALLY NO DISC0VERER
BROTHERHOOD HEADS
 PLEASED AT OUTCOME

feel confident too. that We would have emerged victorious if d strike had been necessary.
 That situation, however, is passed, l do not know what the future may bring as result of the eight-hour day legislation. It is probable of course that the railroads will ask for increased freight rates. If they can show that they are deserving of them, the brotherhoods will help get them.
 "The bill as enacted today does not contain all that We should have liked to have We were willing. however to make sacrifices and We made them We are willing to abide by the legis- laCion passed by congress-
 W. :. Carter and W. S Stone. heads of the firemen and engineers said they were pleased with the outcome of the negotiations.
 All of the brotherhood leaders were inclined to regard lightly reports that the railroads would make a determ ined fight on the constitutionality Of the eight-hour day. They feel that the hour day is thing of thf past now, regardless of how the court may interpret the Adamson bill. The practical operation of the eight-houl day. thev declare, will convince thf public and the railroads that it was z step in the right direction.
Arizona republican., 1916-09-03
CODE WORD Fl FLASHES AND SIRIKE MENACE YANISEIESt
ADAM5ON BILL AWAITS ON[Y
 WILSON'S S|GNA TURF; HEADS OF !
 BROTHERHOODS ARE SATISFIED
Republican A. P. Leased Wire)

WASHINGTON, SEPt 2-The threat of general railroad strike which has been hanging like pail the country for month lifted tonight.
 Three hours after the senate had passed without amendment the Adamson eight hour day bill passed by the house yesterday the heads of the four great railroad employees brotherhoods teegraphed six hundred odd code messages to their general chamen in all parts of the country canceng the strike order issued week ago to take effect next Monday morning at o'clock.
 The legislative eXpedient to avert the strike twas passed in the senate by vote of 43 to 28 almost strict party vote amid stirring after many senators, democrats and republicans had fought desperately to amend the measure by provisions designed to prevent industrial disasters the future Some senators, thor Oughy aroused declared congress being coerced into enactment of legislation that it did desire and that knew would return to plague it in the future.
 In both houses, the measure signed within few minutes after the final vote in the and sent at to the White House where President Wilson will sign 1t at 130 o'clock tomorrow morning after his return from Shadow Lawn Officials of the brotherhoods who witnessed the final passage of the bill had announced early in the night that cancellation of the strike would be ordered until the bill had been signed by the president and actually had become law. But later they conferred changed their minds, and flashed the code messages sig mailing to the waiting trainmen of the country through their chamen the message that satisfactory settlement had been secured.
Arizona republican., 1916-09-03
Say Rebels Have TaRen MazatIand
 and CMliQCQn %
IRepublIcan A. p. Leased Wire1

DOUGLAS, Ariz., Sept. 2.-Reports tending to confirm the recent rumor of the taking of Mazatlan, the largest city of Sinaloa by rebel forces al ready received here today from the interior of Sonora by Americans. It is reported in HermoSillo and Guay- mas that a force under General Car -asco, formerly a Carranza comman der in the southern part of Mexico, entered MaZatlan late last week at the head of a body of troops, and the garrison, numbering 150 men, was turned over to him without a fight
 Culiacan, the capital of Sinaloa Is also reported to have turned over to Carrasco without a struggle, because of dissatisfaction with the Carranza government.
 General Angel Flores military gov ernor of the state was not implicated in the movement as it was first re ported. He with a majority of his men, was on the Chihuahua border at the time. on the lookout for Villistas
 The same reports say that revolu- tionary disorders against the Carran- ga government have increased in the territory of Tepic. while there is oper revolt in Jalisco. Durango and Oaxaca
Arizona republican., 1916-09-03
FULL TEXT 1T ADAMSON BILL
 As T PASSED
Republican A. p. Leased wireJ

WASHINGTON, Sept 2.-The text of the eight-hour Adamson bill as it was sent to the president for his signature follows:
 Be it enacted by the senate and house of representatives of the United States of America in congress assem- bled, that beginning January l, 1917, eight hours shall, in contracts for labor and service be deemed d days work and the measure or standard of a days work for the purpose of reckoning the compensation for services of all em- ployes who are now or may hereafter be employed by any common carrier by railroad, except railroads independ- ently owned and operated not exceed ing 100 miles in length, electric street railroads and electric interurban rail- roads which is subject to the provi- sions Of the act of February 4, 1887. entitled an act to regulate commerce. as amended, and who are now or may hereafter be actually engaged in any capacity in the operation of trains used for the transportation of persons or property on railroads, except rail- roads independently owned and oper- ated not exceeding 100 miles in length, electric street railroads and electric interurban railroads, from any state or territory of the United States or the District of Columbia to any other state or territory of the UnIseG States or the District of Columbia, or from one place in d territory to another place in the same territory or from any place in the United States to an adjacent foreign country or from any place in the United States through a foreign country to any place in the United States:
 Provided that the above exceptions
 
 100 miles in length whose principal business is leasing or furnishing termi- nal or transfer facilities to other rail roads or are themselves engaged in | transfers of freight between railroads or between railroads and industrial plants.
 Section 2-That the president shall appoint a commission or three, which | shall observe the operation and effects of the institution of the eight-houl 1 Continued on Page Nine)