The Ordway new era., 1916-12-29
REVIEW Of EUROPEAN WAR AND OTHER
IMPORTANT EVENTS Of THE YEAR 1916
Great Conflict Rages With Increased ntensity-Roumana Fiji
teenth Nation to Enter Struggle 0verun by Central Pow
ers-Teutonc Allies Make First Peace Proposals.
United States Faces Several Crises

sides claim the victory. Five days later
Great Britain received a staggering
blow when the British cruiser Hamp-
shire was blown up in the North sea
by a mine and Earl Kitchener, British
secretary of war, and his entire staf,
were lost. During the early part of
June the Russians broadened their Of
fensive in Galicia and along the lines
further north and on June they an
nounced the recapture of the fortress
of Lutsk in Volhynia and the crossing
of the Ikwa and Styr rivers at several
points.
On July 1, the British and French
launched their great drive on the west
front. A concerted attack was made
on 25-mile front north and south of
the SOmme river. July II, after ten
days and nights OF continuous fight
ing. the British claimed the capture
of the whole of the enemy's first lines
of defense on n front of l4,OOO yards.
During the remainder of the month the
British and French continued their ad-
vance. the British occupying the entire
village of Pozieres July 26 and the
French advancing close to Peronne, an
important railroad center.
During the month of August the
Russians, after terrific fighting, pierced
the Teuton lines on lhe Lemberg and
Kovel fronts and advanced in the Car
pathians. The Italians continued their
drive on Trieste. August 0. after days
of terrific fighting. they captured Go
ritz and pushed forward, pursuing the
retreating Austrians.
Roumania Enters War.
Roumania, after months of wavering,
entered the war on the side of the en-
tente allies with a declaration of war
on Austria Hungary. Roumania was
the fifteenth nation to enter the war.
On the same day Italy declared war on
Germany and the following day Ger
many declared war on Roumana. With
the declaration of war fighting began
between the Roumanans and Aus
trians on the Transylvanian frontier.
August 80. the Roumanians occupied
Kronstadt and Hermannstadt, the two
chief cities of Pennsylvania. Field
Marshal Won Hindenburg. whose sue
cesses had made him the idol of the
German people, succeeded General Won
Falkenhayn as chief of the general
staff of the German army August %.
During the month of September, the
ROumanians, cooperating with the
Russians. advanced in northern Tran
sylvania and BukOwina. but suffered
severe reverses at the hands of the
Bulsarians and Austrians in Dobrudja.
hA Cd Tod frS
in the SOmme sector. occupying
Combles and other important towns
on September 70.
Early in October the tide turned
against the Roumnnians and Russians
in Pennsylvania and the latter were
forced to retire before strong Austro-
German force under command Of Cen
eral Won Falkenhayn. On October II.
the Teut0ns began an Invasion Of R0u-
mania. On the Vertua front the
French smashed the German lines Oc-
tOber -. retakIng Douaumour fort and
village.
The struggle between the R0Guanian
and Russian forces on the one side and
the TeutUn and Bulgarian armies OF
the other held the center Of srtearIon
In November Taking advantage Of
the plight in which the RoUrnanians
on the Transylvanian front found
themselves Won MaCEensen held his
lines in DObrudja and. attacking the
Danube line. forced the river barrier
at several points. ETectlng a juncrure
of their forces, the Teutou command
ers drove the RouInanIans back upon
ed rapidly toward the capital. burning
villages and all stores of grain and
munitions in the district through which
they passed. November %. the seat
of the Rounanian government was
moved from Bucharest to Jassy. near
the Russian frontier. The Rouma mans
evacuated Bucharest December In or
der to save their army.
The Serbians, aided BY French and
Italian troops, made a start toward
winning back their country during No
vember. Their big drive resulted in
the capture of Monastir on November
10. On the Somme front the battle Of
the Ancre opened November 13 with
the capture by the British of five miles
of the German positions, together with
three strong towns.
An announcement of far-reaching
significance was made in the Russian
duma December by Premier Trepoff.
who read proclamation announcing
officially that an agreement concluded
by Russia. France and Great Britain
in 1915. and later approved by Italy.
establishes in definite manner the
rights of Russia IN tho Sfrnits and
ConstantinopIe."
The fall of the British cabinet early
in December furnished one of the most
sensational features Of the years war
developments. Demands of David
Lloyd-George for the formation of
smaller war council to obtain greater