davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29

to counterfeit tho harm that fungus il
doing in their garden. A paste prepa-
ration Of this mixture can now be OBJ
tanned Of most dealers in plants and
1t should be gotten and used as soon
as the disease appears in the window
garden.
If you want a little variety in your
window garden get a bulb or two of
the Gladiolus. Plant them IN pots or
boxes SIX inches deep and three inches
apart and place at once in the window.
Red spider and plant lice are the worst
winter pests we have. The former may
be dislodged by spraying with cold
water and the latter by using kero-
sene emulsion. Care should be taken
to spray on the underside Of the leaves.
The mistake Of the window gardener
in crowding her window now will re-
suit in disaster after. Plants that
are crowded will not develop properly;
they will he top-heavy. spindly or one
sided. They wilt throw UP weak
flower shoots which will hold but few
flowers. one plant properly grown II
worth a hundred poorly grown ones.
Ferns obtained from the florist fol-
indoor culture should be placed IN z
strong light, although they will do
well without sunlight. They should
be kept moist at all times but watered
sparingly. Most fern difficulties arise
either from keeping the plants soaked
or, on the other hand, permitting
them to get too dry. When the fern
is in a jardiniere, it is especially dim
cult to avoid overwhelming. In sprine
and summer, ferns require three times
the amount Of water that they do In
the fall and winter.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29

Method OF Using . Bud rroeectof
on a Chip Bud. The Protector May
Be Used in . Similar Manner in All
OF the Different Forms Of Budding.
(A) Stock; (B, By Waxed Cloth Pro-
tectors; (C) Chip Bud Fitted Into
Notch in Stock; (D) Protector in Po-
sition Over the Bud; (E) Protector
and Bud Wrapped and Tied; IF, F)
Scars OF Buds Removed from Stock.
adapted from Drawing In American
Fruit and Nut JOurnal.)
the different methods Of grating ad-
mirably adapted to top-working the
worthless trees about the place with
the better varieties, thus changing
them to useful fruitfulness.
Top-worked, or grated, portions Of
old trees will bear two or three years
earlier than trees which come from
buds or gratis or l Or 2 year old
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29

! ter Of the United States, being found
in large numbers in the fields and for
ests OF that section. The more favored
localities in Iowa and eastern Ne
braska produce many fruits, but very
few trees are found west Of central
Kansas. Scattering specimens In
Connecticut and on Long Island mark
the present northeastern limit OF the
species. A few trees in Rhode Island.
New York. and Michigan which pro-
duce fairly we'll. indicate that the
northern limit Of cultivation may be
extended whenever economic condi-
tons chat Is, the value OF the fruit
for food or Of the tree for ornamental
purposes) seem to warrant.
The zone OF greatest productivity
ana adaptability, wherein appear by
far the largest number Of promising
types, extends from Maryland, vir-
ginia, and the Carolinas westward
through Missouri and Arkansas. The
persimmon thrives equally well on the
sands Of the Costal Plain, the shales
of the Allegheny Mountains, the muck
of the river-bottom lands, and the
ebert Of the Ozarks,
The season Of the native persimmon
is probably longer than that Of any
other wild fruit, both locally and owe
the country as a whole. In many Sec
tons the earliest and the latest varie-
ties may be found growing side by
side, or at least within a few miles Of
each other. The Bureau Of Plant In
dustryy has records for both early and
late varieties from the southern part
Of Georgia and Florida. In the Dis
trict OF Columbia there are some trees
which ripen their fruit in August and
others on which it hangs until Feb
ruary.
Generally speaking, the best fruits
are neither the earliest nor the latest,
but rather those that ripen just be-
fore the beginning OF the trees DOR
mant season. The latest varieties are
still immature when the leaves fall
OF when they are Killed by frost, and
they must complete the ripening pro-
cess within themselves instead Of
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29

Annular Budding: (a) Bud Stick
from Which the Bud Has Been Re-
moved; (b) the Bud Ready for In
scrtion in the Matrix OF the Stock; (c)
the Stock Ready to Receive the Bud;
td) the Bud After Being Placed in
Position and Carefully Wrapped; (e)
Growth Taking Place, the Wrapping
Having Been Removed. (f) Growth
from the Bud Supported by Being
Tied to the Stock (g) Above the Union.
Note the Scars Above the Union,
Where the Buds Were Removed in
Order to Direct the Flow of Sap to
the New Bud.
The seeds Of the persimmon are
scattered by mammals and birds and
in the natural sequence Of events
reach the ground In the fall or winter
without becoming dry. They are
lightly covered with grass or caves
and are subjected to the varying tenn
peratures Of winter, always remaining
moist. The following spring the seeds
sprout as soon as the soil becomes
warm enough. provided that the con-
ditions accompanying the rise in tenn
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29
HINTS FOR WINTER WINDOW GARDENERS
THIS Il one Of

a little Of everything. This is n OF
the most serious mistakes 1t Is possible
for the amateur gardener to make.
Bear In mind always that q few really
fine plants will afford a vast deal of
pleasure, while a great number Of In
ferior ones-such as we may expect
to grow in a crowded window-are
more disappointing than pleasing:
If your plants get frozen put them
into a cool, dark room as soon as their
condition IS discovered and shower
them-drench them-with cold water.
If this Is done promptly the frost will
be extracted so gradually from them
that there will be no bursting of deli
cate tissues and often many Of them
may be saved. But II heat is made
use of In any way n an effort to draw
out the frost the result will be almost
sure death. Allow the frostbitten plants
to remain in cold storage for a day or
two then bring them back to the win
dow, but avoid a high temperature
for some time. If any stalks show
injury, cut them off at once.
OF late complaints come In from all
quarters about trouble with the foliage
of house plants. Yellow spots appear
on It.. These, after a while, become
brown and by and by the leaf dies.
Gradually the entire plant becomes
affected and death ensues. The
trouble is a fungus one. Spores OF
fungi floating in the atmosphere settle
on the leaves and where they locate
themselves the yellow spot Is seen.
There is but one remedy that I have
any knowledge Of and that Is Bor-
deaux mixture, the same thing that
our growers of small fruit are using
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29
Field Peas as a Hay Crop

The field pea is commonly grown
in Pennsylvania and New York for
hay, and the larger part OF the eros
In the southern states Is also used iii
this manner. When grown fof hay
the field pea IL almost always sow'ii
In q mixture with oats or some other
small grain. These mixtures witt
grain Will stand up much better, caus-
ing less trouble in the harvest, and
the presence OF bats or barley Iii the
crop also causes 1t to cure more
quickly. The yield from q mixture
OF oats and peas IL usually larger
than that from timothy. The field
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29

Roots the sixc Of q lead pencil or
larger IAN be used in propagating tho
persimmon. They should be cut into
pieces 6 or 8 inches long. the ends
sealed nth grating a hot bees
wax, or pitch. in order to prevent the
decay that develops rapidly in the soft.
spongy wood, and the cuttings should
then be buried over winter In sand
or in a nursery row. They will grow
readily the following spring, provided
the moisture supply is plentiful until
they become we'll established.
Those who have trees bearing ex-
c~eptionally fine persimmons will ma
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29

Turn your plants at least once q
week to give all sides of them an
equal chance at the sun. II you do
this you can easily make them sym
metrical in shape, but if it Is not done
they will become one-sided as their
branches will grow toward the light.
Don't crowd your plants. It may
oblige you to discard some Of them If
you attempt to follow this advice, but
it will richly repay you to do it, for 1t
is impossible to grow fine plants In a
window where there is not room for
free development. Do not have 80
many that there will not be DOR for
each one to display its individuality.
Most of us make jungles Of our win
dow gardens in our eagerness to have
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29

A Mower with m Attachment De.
signed to. Raise the Pea Vines on tile
Ground and Allow the Passage OF thu
Cutter Bar Beneath Them.
pea works into I rotation ve.y
nicely, because OF the fact that when
harvested for hay 1t II removed from
the field early In the year, thus allow
ing time for a thorough preparation
Of the soil during the fall. The feed
Ing value Of pea hay IL quite high,
being apparently the same as thai
Of alfalfa hay.
KEEP HOGS FREE FROM LICE.
I have found q very effective
method Of letting the hogs Keep them
selves free OF lice. Set several short
posts in the yards and pastures. Wrap
the posts with old sacks; and then
once a week saturate these sacks WITH
crude oil or one Of tho coal ar dips
The louise bites the hog, he rubs ths
spot on the sack, and the oil or dir
kills the louise. Simple, isn't Il? Thu
hogs soon learn to use the posts, AM.
If the sacks are kept saturated, there
will be little danger OF lice eating up
the profits in hog raising.-J. Grant.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29

The persimmon tree has received
more criticism, both adverse and ray
0rabls, than almost any other known
apacies. Those who have discussed
th1 food value Of the fruit, from TIM
eaflieSt chroniclers to recent writer's
have prophesied that h tree woulo
soon be accorded q place In our gar
dens and orchards. Those people, on
the other hand. who have been ac-
quainted only with the immature fruit
or with the young sprouts in cultivated
fields have nae nothing to say IN It's
favor and have bent their energle
toward It's destruction rather than It's
propagation and cultivation.
There are several factors which are
responsible for the slow progress or
persimmon development in this coun-
try. One reason for h neglect OF
this fruit seems to be the erroneous
yet oft-repeated statement that per-
simmons are UNIT to eat until they
have either been touched by frost or
frozen. Although this statement has
been corrected by nearly every one
who has studied the subject, neverthe-
less throughout the regions wher per-
simmons are grown many OF the best
fruits are lost ZACH year because they
ripen and fall before frost or before
they are supposed to be edible. The
truth of the matter Is that freezing
Is as detrimental to the quality Of
persimmons as to the quality Of any
other fruit. II persimmons are not
edible and free from a~stringency be-
fore frost, 1t is because the variety Is
Z late one and the fruit mas not yet
naatured.
whether for orchard or ornamental
purposes, has beer retarded by the
difficulty encountered In propagating
and transplanting it. One grower has
characterized It as the only tree that
he could not kill in his cultivated
fields and the only one hat he could
not make live In his garden. Failure
IN transplanting Is usually due to a
lack Of knowledge concerning the
characteristic root development of the
persfmmon. Under natural condi-
lions, the roots penetrate much deeper
into the soil than those Of most other
fruit trees, and unless great are Is
exercised when the tree II taken UP
II 10 almost impossible to get more
than 4 small percentage Of the root
system, thus reducing the chance Of
making the tree live when trans
planted.
From time to time valuable trees
have been discovered, cared for, and
even in some cases .transplanted or
propagated. Most Of these have been
Dor neglected or destroyed, until
there are comparatively few varieties
of marked value available for general
distribution.
Both De Soto and Jan de Laet when
describing the ripe fruit Of the native
persimmon call 1t a delicious little
plum" and John Smith and other
writer's OF the seventeenth century
speak Of 1t as q plum with the flavor
OF an apricot.
Roughly speaking, the persimmon
r Indigenous to the southeastern quar-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29
Protect Useful Birds

Tho Arkansas kingbird occupies
during the breeding eason the west
ern portion Of the United States from
the Pacific Ocean eastward as far as
Minnesota, Kansas, and Texas. though
stragglers have been taken at points
much farther east. In winter it re-
tires southwark entirely beyond the
boundaries OF the United States. 1t
n Q bird of the open country and
avoids forests. A hilly country with
frequent trees for nesting appears to
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29
AGRICULTURAL SCHOOLS.

The present day collegiate course
in agriculture fulflls all of the rea-
-onable requirements Of a liberal
education, disciplining the mind
quite as we'll as the classics at the
same time that 1t furnishes informa-
ton of ~incalculable value to the
farmer in conducting all his business.
1t is not all of success, however, to
make money. The educated man
lives better, gets more out Of life. and
is q better and safer citizen.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29

drawing nourishment from h tree
until they have grown to maturity.
The largest as we'll as the best fruits
are those, that ripen about the time
the trees shed their leaves. The early
varieties are nearly all medium in
size, and the late varieties which hang
on until cold weather are generally
small.
AS is the case with most fru-s trees.
the persimmon does not reproduce its
varietal characteristics through the
seed. and other methods Of propaga-
ton are. therefore. necessary to per-
petuate desirable varieties. Propaga-
ton Of the persimmon by the methods
commonly employed with tree fruits
is more difficult than for such fruits
as the apple or the peach. The meth
DDS described herein have been found
successful in actual practice.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29
FOR THE FARMERS WIFE.

Steel knives and forks should not
be wrapped in wooden. Good, strong
paper is better, as steel Is Injured by
lying in wooden.
Wooden ware should be scalded
often and tfnware should be kept dry.
A dress shield cut in w pieces
and tucked under d baby's fancy bib
will absorb the moisture and keep the
little dress from becoming damp and
soiled.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29

be the most satisfactory location. It
10 said that 1t takes kindly to civiliza
ton and will live in the vicinity OF
gardens. For the investigation Of the
food of this bird, 100 stomachs were
available. The food was found to on
sist Of s0.61 per cent OF animal MAJ
ter to 9.3s per cent of vegetable. The
harmful insects eaten far outweigh
the useful beetles, and the bird should
receive the fullest protection wherever
found.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29
TREATMENT FOR RINGWORM.

For ringworm on calves or other
domestic animals common at this sea-
son Of the year, give 9 good scrub
bling with stiff brush, soap, and water:
then apply tincture of iodine and
glacial acetic acid in equal parts. Use
a small brush for the medicine and
be careful, especially when working
near the eyes. Apply twice a day for
the first two days and then once
daii~-T. Raynolds. Veterinarian.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29
LIME SULPHUR WASH.

A concentrated l~ime-sulphur wash
for use as a dormant spray may be
made by diluting one gallon of con-
centrated lime-sulphur with ten gal
Ions OF water. The concentrated lime
sulphur is put on the market by many
insecticide firms, or nay be made at
home in accordance with the follow
ing formula: Sulphur, 80 pounds;
best stone lime, 40 pounds; water so
gallons.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29
SHOULDER CARE FOR HORSES

Wash and oil the collars occasion
ally. Two minutes work at the emo
Of the day is sufficient to keep the
surface of a collar clean, soft and Pill
able. A damp sponge and q cake Of
harness soap kept in the curry comb
box are the only equipment needed.
Shoulder gals are due to one Of two
things; dirty, or ill-fitting collars.
There is no excuse for either-H. e.
KinRman-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29
COMMON SENSE NECESSARY.

The sunsh:niest day the farmers OF
our country have ever seen will be
the day when they awaken to the fact
that 1t Is not all OF farming to dig
In the earth. With u digging there
must be mixed a lot Of the good, sharp
sand Of thought and common sense.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29

Chip or Dormant Budding: (a)
Bud Stick; (b) Bud Ready for 1nser-
ton; (c) Bud Inserted In Place; (d)
Bud Securely Tied in Place.
perature do not dry them unduly.
Seeds which fall under the trees are
usually too much exposed to the at
mosphere and dry too much to admit
of termination.
Seeds that are gathered for proga-
eating purposes should be stratified at
once. If they are allowed to dry out
it Is often necessary to soak them for
two or three days before they are
planted, the water being renewed each
day at a boiling temperature.
The seed bed in which persimmon
seedlings are grown should be located
on ~well-drained land where the soil
Is rather light and we'll supplied with
humus. The ground should be plowed
deep with a subsoil pillow unless the
subsoil Is friable enough to permit
the ready penetration of the long tap
roots which characterize the growth
Of persimmon seedlings.
The seed may be planted either In
tho fall or spring, after being treated
as described above. 1t is commonly
planted in shallow drills and lightly
covered with soil to a depth Of one
half inch or a little more.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29

The farmer who does not rotate his
orops will sooner or later be rotated
cut Of business.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-01-29
KEEP HOGS FREE FROM LICE

Don't fail properly to shelter your
stock from the cold.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1916-09-01
Took Chance.

The late Eugene T. Ware had fled Q
demurrer and was arguing the cas-
before Judge Samuel r. Miller. The
latter stopped counsel with the remark
Mr., Ware, there is no use taking u
any more time Of this court. Why
that question has been decided agains
you by every court in Ch1istendom
"Oh, yes" replied Mr.. Ware in hi
genial and pleasant way, Il am aware
of that, your honor, but know YOU
honor occasionally makes decisions con
trary to every court in Christendom
and I thought perhaps this would b<
one of the times
"Go on, Mr.. Ware. Go on, sir. I vii
hear you. Go on, sir."-Case and Com
ment.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1916-09-01
Why Not7

why did you strike this man." ask
ed the Judge sternly.
"He called me liar, your honor. 4
replied the accused
IFS that true?' said the judge, turn
ing to the man with the mussed up
face.
"suHe it's true,' said the accuser. Il
called him liar because he is one, and
l can prove it,
What have you to say to that?'
asked the Judge of the defendant.
Its got nothing to do with the case.
your honor" was the unexpected reply.
Gwen IL am liar guess I've got a
right to be sensitive about it, amt II
New York World.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1916-09-01
PAID TO SPEND. l..
Colonel H. C. Rogers lust Gets Rid
of Thousands of Dollars.
BUT is NOT A SPENDTHRIFT.

Chief Quartermaster of Southern De-
partment on Funston's Staff Spends
Money Fright and Left" In Little
Wads of $4,000 or $4,000 In Texas.
San Antonio, Textile biggest
spender' In Texas is Colonel Harry L.
Rogers, but he isn't spendthrift. His
position on Funston's staff as chief
quartermaster Of the southern depart
ment makes it his duty to spend
money fright and left" in little wads
of $25, 900 or $4,000. Little wads!
Just imagine a sum like one of those
in greenbacks wadded up, then the
squeeze removed. But Colonel Rogers
is used to trifes of that sort, or at least
to handling Uncle Sans checks that
represent such piles.
For instance, there are $4,000 pairs of
army shoes in San Antonio. Twenty
thousand pairs are at Fort Sam Hous-
ton-just sort of shelf stock. Each
pair cost 1921.
Colonel Rogers said the army is short
on nothing except tent cots. They are
not kept in stock, and 100000 extra
cots is a big order to fill instantly.
which is the reason for the shortage.
Mosquito bars are another article is
sued to soldiers. One hundred thousand
Of them cost something too. Double
ones are obtained for 1929 and single
ones for $2.16. Double refers to weight
and not to size. Each mosquito bar is
for one bunk.
One hundred thousand single bars
and the government may have double
that number-cost $4,000.
Gasoline costs the government from
81 to 26 cents a gallon, according to
where it is delivered. That delivered
at San Antonio is % cents gallon.
The previous contract price was 8 cents
a gallon.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1916-09-01
la Grammar EssentiaI2

Sometimes it is urged that forA
grammar teaches children to write aIi
speak correctly, but as all American
have studied formal grammar, inciuG
ing newspaper reporters and saleswo
men, there would appear to be no guar
antee that formal grammar study lead
to correct habits of speech. On thu
other hand, l once knew schoo
where for fourteen years not a minut.
was spent on formal grammar, and
like the worm that does not miss {
slice or two, no one ever knew the diff
ference.-Atlantic Monthly.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1916-09-01
Economy.

"You spend entirely too much money
on Dress" said the man Of the house
"That simple little frock Mrs. Smythe
wore last night looked great deal
better than that elaborate gown OF
yours
"Of course it did, my DEAR" replied
his wife sweetly. "That simple little
frock, as you call it, cost $500, while
mine cost only $780,"
"Wen, then, go out and buy one
about twice as elaborate as the one
you've got. Maybe you can get it fol-
nothing. New York World.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1916-09-01
IMAGE A PEACE BAROMETER.
French Expect Figures Fall to Mark
End of War.

London.-High overhead above the
ruined and desolate streets of Albert,
in France, the great gilded figure of
the Virgin with the infant Christ still
hangs from the tower of the Church of
Notre Dame de Brebieres. For more
than a year she has now hung thus at
an angle of some fifteen degrees below
the horizontal, face downward to the
street below, holding the infant out
above her head.
In local French the belief is the day
the holy figures fall will see the end of
the war.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1916-09-01
MAN FELL IL STORIES, LIVES.
Frame ScaffoIding Diverts Course of
Drop TO Cement Pavement

0FOP 60 Oen0IlG TaNSIHGHIs
New York. - John Gervieno earned
the doubtful privilege of boasting that
he had fallen twelve stories to ce-
ment pavement and lived to tell the
story. He was working on the top
story of a building in the course Of
construction when he lost his balance
and toppled off the structural iron
work.
The falling workman dived head
first through a thin frame of scaffold-
ing at the second floor, which changed
his course and broke his fall. Instead
of striking on his head on the pave
ment he landed in a sitting posture.
While he was severely injured, physi-
clans believe that his life would be
saved.