davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-12-04
Weather" Report

For Tampa and vicinity: Partly
cloudy tonight and Tuesday, warmer
tonight.
For Florida: Partly cloudy tonight
and Tuesday, warmer tonight in CEN
trail portion.
Winds For 36 Hours Ending 7 p. m.
Tuesday.
For East Gulf: Moderate southeast
and south.
For South Atlantic: Moderate south,
except east on the Florida coast.
General Weather Conditions.
Pressure is relatively high over the
Atlantic states, and generally fair cool
weather has prevailed, except in New
England and New York, where light
rain has fallen. Fair wether has pre-
vailed throughout the southern states
Pressure is relatively low over the in
terror of the country, the center Of
depression being over Manitoba. Rain
mas fallen In the Lake region, and
over the Pacific states, and rain or
snow over Montana and Wyoming.
Elsewhere in the west the weather
has been fair.
Temperatures are above normal this
morning over the Lake region, Ohio,
Mississippi valley, the Gulf states, and
the Plains, Rocky Mountain and Plat
eau regions.
Indications are for partly cloudy
weather in the vicinity of Tampa to-
night and Tuesday. 1t will be some
what warmer tonight.
WALTER ]. BENNETT,
Meteorological.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-12-04
(By Associated Press. }

(By Associated freSs.
Wanhington, Dec. 4.-Estimate5
maintaining and strengthening
army and navy during the fiscal
or 1918 indicate that Congress
III ~ asked this winter to provide
out 1900, 100000 for that pur-
ne.
Tue total of estimates already sub
tted and made public today when
neron convened, is $757,584,560
cover the military activities OF
th dopartments. Statements made
r\ nnvy officials to the House naval
nmittee, now considering that
'tl. lave foreshadowed, however,
-ge supplementary estimates to be
yuh1ttod later, and similar situ-
.oa exlsts at the War Department
| l0rhoaereliminary estimate for the
ny d 3,074, ,565. an increase of
but go. 100000 over the amount
for 1917. The navy to-
of @379, 9,151,7O1 is an increase of
x6.4b1,146 over 1917 figures. Pan
q canAl Notifications will take
,35S,3OO, an increase of about
100. 900.
=, Moro than 100000 of the
.uny tncrease will go into the pay
mt of regulars. national guards
n and members of the reserve. A
al o. $s7,794,995 is sought under
= pay item and the estimates show
Fat the number of privates provid-
. 6or under this section is 25S,594.
II that total 94,279 would be in the
yular service and 164,315 in the
tional guard.
Provision also is made for the
Nymenk Of $4,000 members Of the
yular enlisted reserve and for full
to payment of these men for Is
~ 1e1d training during the year.
. peo1ision for payment of reserve
icora 3 s3,151,9S3 and that for
yin9 National Guard officers s3.-
$50
-Anothsr s2,00O,000 of the in
$50 viii go to the aviation sec
sm. which submits estimates for
e expenditure during 1918 OF So
1000 on new aeroplanes and ST.
1000 for balloons. A separate
m submitted, 1t is stated, at the
1uegt Of the navy department in
pnnama canal estimates, is
$4,000 for the establishment of an
iafion station in the zone
Foe ne protection Of the canal. IL
shown that s7so,ooo is to be ex-
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-12-04
CONGRESS CONVENED TODAY:
BILLS TOUCHING HIGH COST
Of LIVING INTRODUCED
RATE ORDERS ARE UPHELD
By Associated Press.

Washington, Dec. 4.-The com
merce commissions orders permit
ting lower trans-continental rail
road freight rates to San Francisco,
Portland, Seattle and ether ocean
ports, while denying them to the in
land cities of Sacramento Stockton.
San Jose, and Santa Clara, Cal, was
sustained by the Supreme court.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-12-04
(By Associated Press. }

Oxford, England, Dec. 4.-The
American Club at Oxford University
at its last meeting defeated by a
small majority a resolution for the
of the use of it's
funds for the purchase of liquors.
The resolution bore the signatures
of 22 of the members but it was de-
feated by vote Of 35 to 2S.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-12-04
SW|NDLER OF
WORKING GIRLS
UNDER ARREST
(By Associated Press. J

Chicago ILL.,, Dec. 4.-Chas H. Wax,
alias Oliver Osborne, who was ar
rested here last night, had swindled
more than two hundred working girls
in various parts Of the country out of
their savings, the police declared. He
has served two prison sentences. The
postal authorities are investigating the
alleged fraudulent use of mails by
Wax.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-12-04

AS the laws of Mexico prohibits any
general strike of rail emplayes, the
men in the rearir shops shops along
the northeastern roads, recently hit
upon the novel idea of striking in
small groups at time until everybody
was out.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-12-04
LAKELAND. FLORIDA, MONDAY. DEC. 4. 1915
NEARLY 800 KILLED
IN RIOT At
" ANTWERP
(By Associated Press. }

London. Dec. Between two
and three hundred inhabitants and
many German soldiers were killed in
a revolt at Antwerp Nov. 90th due
to the call upon the male inhabi-
tants for work in Germany, accord.
ing to two Belgians who arrived at
Sluiskill, Holland, said news
agency dispatch from Amsterdam.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-12-04
(By Associated Press. !

london, Dec. 4.-If the British
government considered the Greek
government involved in events at
Athens and in conjunction with
them, the allies would take. immedi-
ate steps to bring about radical
solution of the question, Lord
Robert Cecil, war trade minister,
told the House of Commons.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-12-04
(By Associated Press. }

Petrograd, Dec. 4.-The Teutons
have occupied Gradichtea, twelve
miles south of Bucharest, said the
war Office. Obstinate fighting is
going on between Alexandria and
Bucharest
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-12-04
BOMBS PLACED
ON SHIPS IN
NY. CAUSED
EXPLOSION
fRy Associated Press. }

Now York, Dec. 4.-The recent dis.
astrous munitions explosion in Arch
angel Harbor was caused by bombs
being placed on ships at the Bush
Terminal Company's piers here, the
commercial agent of the Russian en-
bassy told the police.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-12-04
CARRANzA FORCES
HAVE RE0CCUP|FD
CHIHUAHUA
(By Associated Press

Washington, Dec. 4.-The Car
rama forces met no opposition when
they reoccupied Chihuahua Sunday
night, according to State Depart
ment dispatches. They said Villa
and his bandits had left no indica-
tions of their whereabouts.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-12-04
OF
SENTENCE OF
TOLEDO BANK
EMbEULER
IS REVOKED
(By Associated Press }

Washington. Dec. 4.-Revoking the
suspension of the sentence of James
J. Honahan, Toledo, bank embezzler,
the supreme court held that federal
judges don't possess the inherent pow
er to indefinitely suspend the execu-
tion of criminal sentences imposed
in their courts.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-12-04
fIAREST IS THREATENED
FROM ALL SIDES; ENEMY
Within Z MILES Of CITY

peared near a solution. The belief
prevailed that coalition of the gov
ernment had been saved by the de-
cision to reconstruct it, An agree
ment on the war council is expected
soon.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-12-04

Reconstruction OF Govt. Approved
(By Associated Press.)
London, Dec. 4.-Premier Asquith
told the House of Commons that King
George approved of the reconstruction
of the Government. No change of
policy is involved.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-12-04
HENRY VAN DYKE
RESIGNS AS
AMBASSADOR
TO HOLLAND

(By Associated Press.)
The Hague, Dec. 4.-Dr. Henry Van
Dyke has resigned as American Min
lister to Holland.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-12-04
SERBIANS TAKE A HILL

Paris, Dec. 4.-The Serbians cap
tured a hill north of Grunishte on
the Macedonian front east of Cerna
river bend, said the war office.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-12-14

cussion or controversy. The first attain
n mt of the Pole, as l have already shown,
was in 1852; the second occurred about
sixteen years later, md is related by the
German author. Rudolf Capell, in his
vorstellungen des Norden" $3.50.
The story was told to Rudolf Capell by
h.. friend, Johann Ben (then living in
Wopping), who sailed to Japan with
Hollander, as ships carpenter and in 1868
returned from Japan. He said, as they
sailed from Japan, the captain ordered
the steersman to sail north and they went
400 German miles, or approximately %
degrees north. He declared that no land
or indication of land was seen, but, on
the contrary, a free and open sea was
traversed. thus corroborating the story Of
the Holland steersman from the Green
land (Spitzbergen) whaling fleet. Johann
Ben did not know the reason for the
northward voyage. only that the captain
so ordered, but it was surmised that the
East Irdia company desired to increase
their commerce and had therefore ordered
the captain to search for new land.
These two accounts coincide as closely
as do those Of later and better known ex-
plorers-and may be taken as seriously
for although We do not know that either
the Holland steersman or Johann Ben
told his story TO the Danes. we do know
that a map of the Northern Hemisphere
published in Berlin. Germany, under the
direction Of the Academy Of Sciences and
Bellies Lettres. places a ship at the North
Pole. as having arrived there. according
to the Dutch accounts.
The theory Of an open Polar sea at Ger
tain times of a favorable season is cor
ro5orated by the fact that later explorers,
who have adopted dogs and sledges as
transportation power in the Arctic re-
gions in place OF ships. unite in declaring
that they are Obliged 70 get of the ice
early In June or risk death by drowning
The latest American explorer 70 make
such a report is Donald 3. Mcmillan. who
has stated that just rs he and his men
2 foot ashore the ice broke up behind
tnNm
s.1ce our modern explorers are thus
r. d by their latter-day methods 10 re-
tn to land early in June We have no di-
oct, up-tO-the minute knowledge Of the
Copyright. 1916, by the star Com
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-12-14
By Hon. Henry T. HeIgeSen.
Congressman from North Dakota.

. ERHAPs no one subiect-aside from
the war-has occupied more space
in newspapers and magazines Of
late years than the discovery of the
North Pole. And yet, throughout these
years of discussion, since 1909, no one
has apparently known or remembered
that the North Pole was actually reached
or discovered" about 26O years ago.
And it is strange that in our day the
discovery of the North Pole almost three
centuries ago should have been so com
pletely overlooked or ignored. when for
the last seven years so. much has been
printed about the claimed discovery of
the Pole by explorers of this generation.
There is a vast amount of material
written on Polar expeditions by well
known and authentic authors of the sew
enteenth and eighteenth centuries. Re
search among Old books and manuscripts
in our Congressional Library reveals
some of this, while still more is accessi-
BILE in the National Library at London,
and also to be found in the reports of the
Royal Geographical Society of London.
and in Scandinavian literature.
The account of the first attainment of
80 degrees north was given by an English
man. This report was made by Joseph
Moxon PHOTOGRAPHER to the Kings Most
Excellent Majesty" and is printed in a
rare little book entitled: "A Brief Dis
course OF Passage by the North Pole TO
Japan China, etc, published IN London,
1874
This little book contains a passage
which cannot fail TO interest modern ex-
plorers. for it states that some twenty
two years earlier, or about 1862. the au-
thor was in Amsterdam, and. feeling a
desire for a cup OF the excellent Dutch
beer. went into a drinking house to sat
isfy his thirst. While sitting by the pub
tic fire with other people in the place,
q seaman came In. who. seeing a friend
whom he knew had been in the recent
Greenland voyage. was surprised 10 see
him home SO early. and asked what acct
dent had brought him home. so soon. as it
was not yet time for the Greenland feet
10 return.
His friend. who had been the Steersman
for a Greenland ship that summer. told
tie seaman that the ship OF which he
was steersman did not so TO fish that
Summer. but only TO take in the lading of
the feet and bring IL 20 an early market.
"But' added the SteerSman before the
feet had caught Gsh enough TO lade US,
We, by order Of the Greenland Company,
sailed unto the North Pole and back
again
This story was OF great interest 70
Mcxon who theveupon entered the CON
versation himself, and seemed TO G stlon
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-12-14

fee conditions in the Arctic Ocean north
of North America during the later months
of the long Arctic day" The fact re-
mains Tat the accounts Of the several
voyages herein mentioned, while some
what lacking in detail, are as authentic
as the reports of the twentieth century
expeditions that have been given to the
world; and while the name of the Dutch
whaling master who crossed the North
Pole in 1862 is not on record, so far as we
are aware, that this remarkable feat was
actually performed in that year seems as
certain as that any present day explorer
who wished to describe conditions at the
Pole could easily have found many an
cient and reliable manuscripts on which
to base his theories and PROFOUND his
"facts."
The latitude Of so degrees north was so
commonly attained by the whalers as to
be hardly considered worthy Of note ex-
cept as a part of the ships log. One OF
our later explorers of the Arctic regions
relates with great pride the fact that
few years ago his ship sailed to $3.50.
ever reached under her own steam" and
adds:
Zone vessel only. Nansen's Fran,
had been farther north, but she had
drifted there stern foremost, a play
thing of the ice"
Possible the ship which reached $3.50
north did reach the farthest north Of any
vessel under her own steam" but our
latter-day explorer seems to have over
locke. altogether the many ships which
had attained much higher northing
under their own sails. without the aid Of
modern steam or electricity.
The Honorable DANES Darlington re-
lates the experience of one captain who
made a genuine attempt 10 discover the
North Pole, but only reached S31z de-
grees north Although this is not as high
a latitude as was attained by some OF
the earlier whalerS. the story is Of inter
est in its description of the condition Of
the Polar sea at that time This voyage
was made from the Greenland lSpitZber-
gen fishery. On pages 9-l1 Of his book
Mt harrington says:
in the year 1Tj1 NIr. James Watt
Qater a master and commander in the
ny. Great Britain Rights Reserved.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-12-14

north latitude. In his little book. "A Voy-
age for the Discovery of a Northeast Pas
sage" Captain Wood says:
Captain Goulden, who had made
above thirty voyages to Greenland, did
relate to His Majesty that, being at
Greenland some twenty years before, ne
was in company with two Hollanders to
the eastward Of Edges Island, and that
the whales not appearing on the shore,
the two Hollanders were resolved to go
farther northerly and TO fish among the
ice; so they departed from him and
went to the northward, and in a fort
nights time returned to him again, and
gave it out that they had sailed unto
The latitude Of SO degrees, that was
within one degree of the Pole, and that
they did meet with no Ice but a free
and open sea. Captain Goulden not be-
ing satisfied with the bare relation, they
produced him four journals out Of the
two ships. which testified the same, and
that they all agreed within four min
utes one Of the other"
Those who deny the truthfulness or au-
thenticity of this record must contend that
the crews OF both these Dutch whalers
lade o deliberate compact 20 impose upon
and deceive their fellow fishers and &C
cordingly drew up four fictitious journals,
and that these journals did not agree ex-
actly, as they probably would have done
IL they really had been fictitious further
more the two Dutch ships only sailed
nOTthWaTd Ia search OF whales, and had
not the same incentive 10 deception that
they would have had If the attainment OF
the North Pole had been their object.
Also IL these Dutch whalers had IN
tended to deceive their brother fishermen.
they could as easily have claimed that
they had been 70 tie North Pole itself as
to 50 degree north. and would probably
have done SO. II their story had been a
hoax And as Mr. harrington says. in
commenting on Woods account "To this
It may be added that the Dutch are not
commonly iOkers.'
The near future should see our his
tories and geographic works brought up
- date on the subject " Arctic eXplora-
ton and discovery, so that our citizens
and the younger generation may know
tie truth about this interesting and in
pOr'ant brancl u science.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-12-14

Royal Navy went on board the Camp
beItown, of Campbetown, Captain Mac
Callam, which ship was at that time
employed in the Greenland fishery.
Captain MacCallam, however (who
was very able and scientific seaman),
thought that a voyage to the North Pole
would be more interesting; and that,
the season being a fine one, he had a
chance OF penetrating far to the north
ward as well as returning before the
later fishery took place. He accordingly
proceeded without the least obstruction
to s212 degrees, when the sea was not
only open to the northward. but they
had not seen a speck of ice for the last
three degrees, and the weather at the
same time was temperate.
The latitude Of S3II degrees was de
termined by obscrva ton. as the great
object OF the voyage was TO reach the
Pole the captain therefore the mate,
and young Mr.. Watt. determined the
latitude from time to time both by
Davis and Hadley's quadrants: to this
1 mag add that their departure and
return were from and to Hakluyts
Headland."
The voyage which promised so well was
discontinued because Of the expressed
fear Of the mate. which forced Captain
MacCallam reluctantly to turn back at
S31A degrees north latitude.
Another account was given b. Mr.. Bar
rington Of an attempt 10 reach the Pole
about the year 100 by a Dutch ship Of
war, sent 10 superinten0 the Greenland
Spitzenbergen) fishery. as was usual at
that time. During the interval between
the two fisheries, the captain OF this
Dutch ship OF war determined. like Cap
tain MacCallam, to try TO reach the North
Pole. He accordingly sailed his ship as
far as So degrees north latitude where he
fond the weather warm. the sea per
fectly free from ice. and rolling ike the
Eav Of Biscay." AS he was making this
northward voyage on "stolen time" and
feared a repTimand for neglect Of his
duty. the captain dared not take the time
TO proceed further and therefore re
turned with all possible speed 20 his sta
ton
Captain John Wood. who commanded
an expedition in search Of a northeast
passage 10 Japan in 1876. gives an account
or a Dutch ship which reached 50 degrees
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-12-14

the truth of the steersman's kETE
story, but was assured that II
was true, that the ship was
then in Amsterdam, and that
many Of the seamen belong
ing TO her were ready and
able TO cOrroborate the truth
of his story. The steersman
stated, Moreover, that they
had sailed two degrees be-
yond the Pole. Mexon thereupon asked
if they had found no land or islands about
the Pole. He replied: mo, they saw no
ice; but had fine. warm weather. such
as was at Amsterdam in the Summer
time, aud as hot"
As Moxon was photographer to His
Majesty, Charles H., and was also the
author of various scientific treatises, his
acceptance of the story of the Dutch steer
man was not the ready credulity of an
unlearned or unscientifc man. His report
is seriously considered oy scientists and
writer's OF his own time, as well as by
those of later date; it was also trans
lated into the German, and was referred
TO bl German writer's and geographers.
The illustrious A. r. Nordenskjold, Swe-
disl explorer and writer, discusses MOx-
on's report in the account of his own ex-
petition, The Voyage of the Vega" COM
monty known as his Northeast Voyage"
and uses il TO support his own theory of
an open, nayigable sea near the Pole in
favorable seasons.
Nordenskjold says that he was person
ally converted to this theory after two
winterings in the Arctic. one in 1858
North. and the other in the neighborhoJd
Of the Asiatic Pole Of cold, where he OBJ
served that the sea did not freeze com
petely over, even in the immediate vicin-
ity Of land. He drew the very reasonable
and logical conclusion from his own ex-
perience that there is nothing Gnreason-
able in the old accounts, and that what
happened once may be expected to happen
again.
samuel Richard Van Campen h. r.
G. S. in his Dutch in the Arctic Seas"
Uondon. 1879 also analyses MoXon's
story and arrives at the conclusion that
the statement of the Dutch Steersman may
be accepted as true. lie adds that no less
distinguished naval officer than Admiral
FitZrOy has expressed confidence in its
Credibility and declared il as his opinion
that the papers OF the Honorable DANES
Darlington. embOdying this and other ac-
counts. are entitled to more attention than
they have received.
AS in the twentieth century. so in the
seventeenth. more than one claimant for
the credit OF sailing 10 the North Pole
arose but so far as We can discover, these
earlier claimants did not consider the feat
sufficiently extraordinary 20 arouse dis
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-12-14

the last session Of Congress H. T. Helgesen, member
"a North Dakota introduced a
pending providing for the of bill which
Robert Peary the
Hegesen repealed which only
made Peary reaadmal but provided should
ceve the highest that
milton of Peary's polar discoveries.
Congressman Hegesen claims that Peary
reach the hence should any
based thing applies
to DR.. Cooks claim have reached the Pole The
claims the Pole discovered
ship,
but within
norhery which
spirits aspired
might inquire why Congressman Hegesen
such active This explained
that he born and the with
intimate friend of SenssOn the Arctic explorer and has
followed all the
his
discoveries led him diligently psinsakingy
the his resulted
his conviction supported by documentary evidence neither
claim
admitting that they both reached the Pole.
following article by the this
newspaper forth length his views and the evidence
porting them.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1916-02-29
POLICE HERE ASKED
WATCH FOR CR0NES
MAN WHO IS WANTED IN CHI
CAGO FOR ALLEGED SOUP
POISONING. DESCRIBED IN
CIRCULAR RECEIVED HERE.

Local police have been asked to
look out for and arrest if found the
young foreigner named Jean Crones,
who, as assistant chef at an exclusive
club in Chicago a few days ago, is
alleged TO have dropped poison in the
soup which was served at reception
given in honor of bishop. 1t was a
lucky thing that the "doctored" soup
was discovered in time, or else prob
ably 200 hundred prominent people
would have suffered seriously. AS it
was, quite a number were made sick
by eating the soup served.
At the police station, among the
large number of descriptions of
crooks who are wanted in various
parts of the United States, the latest
addition is that of Crones, who is
pictured, and described at length.