davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-06-18
100000 WOMEN
IN BRITISH INDUSTRY
Big Increase i'm Female Labor
Raises a Difficult Post
Rpllum Problem.

f.oNpoS. May SO-Wonen the world
over may ne proud 81 the fact that n
answer 10 the call Of duty and patriotism
something like 100000 wom-n and
girls have entered the industries Of
Great Britain since the beginning OF
1915
With the exception of certain skilled
trades and occupations necessarily con-
fined Ia men. the whole world Of work is
now for the first time In history open to
m The nation is undoubtedly
teneftlng largely In many ways by the
influx OF women into the labor world.
that is to say. into that portion uf IL
VIII II up to the present time has been
the special preserve OF the male. Curl
ously enough there is a very serious
shortage cf women's labor In a large
rumher of women trades. chiefly in
textiles and clothing. The fact is that
the nigh wages paid to munition workers
is responsible for this desertion of the
less well paid Jobs. Domestic servants,
e undresses and naitress.s are a, :
premium.
They don seem satisfied unless they
are making something that explodes."
ftiildrheu All employer, VINO tpuNd II am
cult TO get women workers.
This fresh industrial revolution has
brought with II new problems AMI tho
Women's Labor League IL doip; good
service in initiating systematir inquiry
and discussion upon them. one speaker
at the opening conference in London
hazarded the prediction that at least
1000, 900 men now in the army must
he regarded as lost to industry. since
they would be either incapa' itated or
would refuse to 20 back to their old
occupations.
Nevertheless the labor world will he
confronted with the necessity OF adjust
ing rs whole ba sis and policy 10 the n,w
conditions. II In clear that the woman
worker cannot be excluded wholesale.
neither can she be exploited for the
benefit Of interruptions EMPLOYERS. but
before the matter can he cquitabi, adj
justsd there will be trouble.
Meantime the Women's Labor League
has started a series Of conferences in
an endeavor to settle the question that
the workiiIginan Is thinking hardest
about--the future ~ the women who
have been drafted into industry to take
the place Of men. and the effect on mems
wage and the general standard of living.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-06-18
BERNHARDT FRENCH AGAIN
who Married u Greek. We.
sum~s Her CitiHenship.

PARIS, Tune Mime. Bernhardt's re-.
sumption Of French citizenship by Presi-
dental decree has revived talk about
her supposed Dutch origin. which has
never been established. She has also
been said to he n .Iewess. a report due
prohab bly, to her name and to her Geniua.
II is probably not true. az she was
chris'ened and educated in the Grand.
'hamps convent at Versailles. In her
youth the actress wished to become a
nun.
jacques Oamala. cttizcn 81 Athens.
came to France m an official mission
thirty-tive years ago and fell H. love
with Sarah Dernhardt HE became an
actor and played. under the name of
baria, In Beruhardt's company. with
considerable success. They were mar
RED AZ the Greek Consulate In London In
1852, Damala died In 1889. He was
buried In great state In Athens. his
widow sending . wreath Of flowers.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-06-18
FRANCE TO GIVE MEDAL.
FOR AID TO SOLDIERS.
Decoration ''FOr Gratitude" to
Be Awarded for Services
Over Six Months.
Special Correspondence 70 ThE srs.

p,Pis. MAY S0.-The French Govern
mert has decided tn create = new medal,
fu 10 known as the medal ot French
II lie To be awarded to those
who have aided wounded men, the sick.
the families of killed ar those driven
from their homes nv invasion.
TIE new distinction will he granted by
the President upon the report OF = COM
mittee that will meet al the palace of the
Legion OF Honor and will be formed OF
"A member Of the order Of the legion. an
Ambassador. a Councillor ~ state. a
Judge ~ the supreme Court and "A mem
her Of the institute. The medal will
recorreuse acts Of voluntary and per-
sonal service and only services Of AZ
least six months viii he considered.
VIII be three classes. silver gilt,
silver and bronze. Those to whom the
is awarded viii he authorized to
wear II. suspended from an oficial rib
bon, which for the first class viii bear Il
rose,te.
II Is feared that the institution Of this
new medal viii Toe a appointment to
many who have counted on their work
being recopui,ed lay the Legion Of Honor.
something approaching 10000 war
crosses having been awarded, the French
Chamber has at last decided to create a
distinctive sign to he worn by those who
Won the cross while facing death. II
seems rather late in the day to discuss
such a point. but the fact that thousands
Of uou-conbatants have received the
coveted decoration WAS considered unfair
to the real heroes. Thus Il proposal set
forth by NJ Maginot, which calls for a
siecial clasp bearing the word con bat
has been adopted. \ special commission
H. TO- De formed hose duty IT will be to
at.urd the new insignia to those who are
really entitled to IL.
Then We knew il was a war cross
~ = wooden cross for us the corre-
gpordent Of THE T. heard Il poilu or
permission say during the interval at a
theatre
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-06-18
BERLIN DISTRUSTS
ALSACE SOLDIERS
Troops From the Annexed
Provinces Kept From In
terror Of Germany.

NHS'il| oFTf sV0hIt1 nee 70 The SlN
FANS. June IA secret document is-
sued 10y the GERMAN War department
which throws an interesting light on the
question or GERMAN official relations
with the pc. pie Of Alsars and Lorraine
has Just been published In Paris.
The document is as follows.
WAR N~Fu,ETNENT BrRlIN. W 80.
y. i. NJ. 26i41-I5 4 j. Ian II. lalf
Sccrc'- Removal Of Alsace-Lorraine
soldiers from the western front.
II has been proposed after numerous
manifestations Of antl-German tend
oncics having occurred among Alsacc-
Lorrliw,r Rs to transfer all Alsace-l.or-
rainc soldiers To the interior of Germany
or to the eastern front without taking
into ]acroUut the reputation 81 antcce-
dents ~ theS" soldiers or the evidence
OF T. or superior officers,
After thorough examination ~ the
question and in accordance with the
High Command, the War Minister con-
sldors the measures already taken as re-
CARDS the removal OF mobi.lZahie Alsace-
L.orraincrr frum tho western front To he
sufficient. Consequently he has aban-
doned the uliscriminate transfer OF all
Alsaco- Lorrd!ners either in the interior
or on the western front.
On the other mana. u seems n wise
measure to keep Alsncc-I. orrainers away
from all SERVICES ana posts IN the IN
terror where they could learn about Tire
organization Of IN" army and about
measures of a military order, In the
same way it would he well TO dismiss
Alsace-Iorrainers from employment ny
superior officers or stats AZ orderlies,
~lialson men or secretaries, The cxecu-
ton Of these measures is left to your
appreciation.
tSigned) by delegation, VoN VANDIL.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-06-18

engineers. his wife succeeding IN ac-
c~ompanying him almost throughout the
csmpaign. After the war. husband and
wife began their archaeological research
work In Morocco and Egypt. the results
~ which can he seen IN the Louvre,
where n room bears her name. Tho
Legion Of ionor was then granted to
her.
Won Fame as u writer.
Work In Spain. Portugal and Persia
followed and after active research work.
She gave her time to writing. For the
Figaro. she conducted "A column headed
what Is said about us abroad" "a thius
Of great Indifference TO tho Frenchmau
in ordinary times).
Three Of her works received prizes
from the French Academy and one Of
her rornances, rewritten by herself as a
lyrical drama was set TO music by Saint
Saens.
when war broke out. Marcel Dieula-
Toy. despite his age. volunteered for ac-
tive service and was sent as Lieutenant
Colonel in the engineers to Morocco.
She. as ever. accompanied her husband.
and once more gave herself up to the
joys OF archaeological research on fnd-
ing herself III a country that has hardly
been touched Near Rsbbst. she dis
covered the ruins OF "A mosque. cele-
brated In the middle ages. and over
worked herself.
Exhaustion brought about a recur.
renee Of liver trouble to which she had
always been liable since her work in
Persia. She WAS brought back To France
toward the end Of last year. IN n hope
less condition. yet survived for i've
months. dying at Toulouse
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-06-18
BOY ONLY SAW SEA FIGHT
M One Eise IN Fleet Ni,n~s'''
whole DOxRcr Bank hattie

IoNpoS. May 3O.-ln a recent ''".
English newspaper correspond
the grand fleet the most 1"''T'- =
poin, elected Was the cx'rtorl
suddenness OF modern sea nc'
There Nere instances of a tigh' it
ming before the ventilatorS ~"r' '
down aud the %straugcst ut an. 3 -'
the battle Of the Doggrr ''lnN ".s'e
a hoy was sent out to clean s~"r1''h'k
on one Of the turrets AVID he vas y
gotten in the hurry and the 'U'l"t .l""
The boy lay HAT on the top nv
the fiHht. and he t. one NJ the f."
sons, officers and men, in N" "n"'' 49,,
fair who actually SAW IN" ht''l'
the only one who could CIV" his "'''
attention TO the sight, IA hc had NOM
else to do. That boy viii have a c''''
story to tell when he is an old me-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-06-18

Two '"nwHe- ~ Commerce has OBJ
tanned permission from the Government
10 deepen the entrance SO as to nde
the E'ang de Berre accessible to sea-
going vessels. The crowded state Of
Marseilles harbor ,although additional
docks are being built even now, dur
lng the war; proves how useful such
"A port will he, But that is not all.
Along the shores ~ the canal. from
Port de Bouc 10 Martigues and thence
along the lake. 1t will he possible to
build wharves for every shipping COM
rany and works for every industry.
Marseilles will thus become n great
manufacturers port. in addition to being
a sort Of transport. coal. cotton. petrol
and every kind ~ raw material will he
9arehous,d along the Etang dc Rerra.
II the canal Is continued to LYONS
the cost would he sloo, Odo, 0On. about the
sum New York State ia prepared to
spend m a barge canal t. the Great
Lakes. L,ons ives the centre of the
Roman roads Of France. but a waterway
man shows that chalons is the ,cntre
IT the canal system with which Lyons
- already In direct communication.
Even II the ana stops AT Arlef 4, mus,
increase the prosperity of Maroeill.s
port, the itet tonnage Of which stood
at 10000, Don before the war.
Ihlrty years of steady effor, and
$1,000" ,o"o expenditure have improved
the un'ameahle Rhone commercially SO
nat It's traffic had increased f,om 100
ooO tons to 400. 900 in 1910.
The war has already made the land
around tho Fiang de Rerre a great cen.
'r" FOR the manufacture NJ all chemicals
that modern warfare demands in such
aug" quantities. but the Chamber OF
~ confident that the adyan.
tagcs Of the E.'an. de Berre will anne.,
l" great American industries and that
man! or them Will be glad to investigate
even now tho opportunities offered, and
not wait until future Developments have
made them more difficult to seize.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-06-18
Map showing route of the canal.
$18.2OO.O 900 Canal Runs
From the RhOnp To the
Mediterranean.
SPAN OF ROVE TUNNEL
BIGGEST IN WORLD

" w %N'
PARIS. May 2S.-On sunday. May :.
hile the battle around N'rdun was FIN
isiing its eleventh week and showing no
sign OF ending Marseilles we houorinG 4
great commercial achievement, the pierre.
ing of a tunnel over Ave miles long. the
most difficult section In ,A' construction
OF a canal that will join Marse.llos t.
the Rhone and give ths' port, whose
known history runs back for over $500
years. its first real outlet 10y water
from the interior OF France.
France is in no humor foi ce,ehra-
tions The victory ~ the Marine. which
saved the capital Mas marked by -"
outward rejoiCings. and Na!se!lles that
sunday was seeking To mako the country
and the world aware tina; Va spit" =
the war a great pacific worN had been
accomplished which because Of tnr war
had not received due recognition either
a. horc or abroad Marseilles najri-
~oticaiiy wished to encourage the country
by empha sizing a fact which proved that
all its energies were not mOropollzsd IN
heating back the invaders
The Rhone, the natural fresh water
outlet for Marseilles, IL not, like the
Seine or Saone. "a moving roadway.
bu, a rushing torrent. us last miles
from Aries to the sea "A danger :"r al
most any form OF navigation. hence the
need OF a canal has ALWAYS beer recns-
nized. but the range Of nills that sur.
rounds Marseilles has always seemed
an .nsuperable obstacle T. it, ronSiru''
zion Travellers from Fairs To 'fc
Riviera may remember hat they rtS'
through 4 tunnel just hef-', reaching
Marseiiles. This railroad tunnel. nearly
three miles long. passes under 'Ae aho'"
mentioned hills whicN have hitherto de-
prived the port Of water transport '' mo
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-06-18
Official ministerial party inspecting portion of the canal.

have since been reported at the en-
trance to the Gulf OF Lyons and the
Tans has been fred upon a hundred
miles from Toulon.
The danger to ships nab TO enter
the crowded MaIseilies harbor and lying
out alorss the tistaque ebay Of Marseilles)
vas considered great enough to make
the Maritime Project issue an order
that all merchantmen awaiting a place
In Marseilles port must proceed 10
F'rioul ~ Toulon. ar remain IN the
Es'a.IIe at their oSn risk.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-06-18

Seine, and for the building Of the great
loetschherg tunnel Fourteen couirtc-
tors submitted estimates aud NJ Chag-
maud was nearly S?.d0u. 400. the others
varying between Sl0.6on. o"o and sea-
400. puu.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-06-18

NINE. DIEUL AFOY,S DEATH
THE RESULT OF
Masculine Clothing Worn by
Her Was Cause of Many
Mistakes.
Special corrssponasncs TO Tat SITS

PARIS. June The death OF Nine
Jane Dieulafoy this week at the age OF
=" d'rrives the world OF a remarkable
arohrologist and France Of a charming
woman. Her unwillingness to aba ndon
the habit Of wearins masculine clothes
(which she has found more fitted TO her
research work. gave her perhaps a
"il'" notortoty even :nan he. work.
She wore them very we'll and could salute
u fr.erd without avkwsrdness. She was
ono VI tho few women in France to re.
ceive = special police permit to dress
IN tr'. way.
Revue writer's we're fond Of intro
ducing Nine. nieulafoy into their
sce.cs. and the story that a railroad
employee had once ordered her to leave
Tho carriage foT women only. where she
had ~ usual taken her place. enabled
Tristan Bernard. Frances leading hui
mor.s', TO declare that he had often
S.nce ;hcn taken "A seat In "A
mcnt reserved for women only. claim
ing 10 be- Nine. pieulafoy. As Tristan
BERNARD is heavily built, six feet tail.
with u thick black beard the surprise
thus caused can be understood.
one day she asked an attendant al
the Louvre II he had seen her hus-
nand anywhere. The veteran. wearing
medals that showed service In italian
and Mexican campaigns. stretched OFT
his fofehnecr. THAT way. young man
The Renaissance Theatre was once
grlng a gala performance In honor
OF Sarah Bernhard, for which IS was
t." minimum price Of admission. All
Parts vas present. and provincials. who
happened TO he in town went also, more
20 see all Faris than the performance.
nut which IL COppee
There's Francois Coppee with Mime.
p~!eulafo,.' said a Partisan TO n coun-
'rv cousin. TO Nnom he was showing the
notahilities and he pointed TO two equally
ncI d!.Ss persons who we're talking to-
'ether with animation.
which Is Francois Coppee"' de-
Gdrded tire provincial.
In 1919. Nine. Dieuiafoy started a
movement for the employment Of women
IN army auxiliary services. believing that
women might be Of valuable use In every
branch. except actual fighting She
lived long enough to see her ideas put
MO practice. A characteristic little
anecdote was old OF a meeting Of
women TO support Nine. pieulafoy's
propositions. The question Of the exac
Jour came up In some way and every
iadl locke NJ her watch. The toy
Ike ornaments on bracelets were all
either not going or gave very different
times. Nine. D!eula:oy drew on, ~ her
waistcoat pocket. a heavy gold watch
and was able 10 put the committee
right.
Born Jane Magre. wealthy and grace
fIl. she married. when not ~, just be-
fore the wa Of 1870. a man she loved
unit. she died, She had no children and
developed her taste for travel and ad-
venture. Her husband. Marcel Dieulafoy.
served ia 1870 a. a lieutenant in the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-06-18
RUSSIA BENEFITS
BY BAN ON DRINK
Economic Condition Vastlv
Improved and Crime Great.
~ Decreased.
INDUSTRIES DEVELOPING

Special Correspondence 10 Tar sry
LoNroN. May Si-rhe erdnoni.r n,
sltion Of Russia is attracting the ,.,a,
ton OF financial m,gnates In coun,-.s
other thar those engaged In hos'i,tas
and II Is certain the end ~ the war uu
md her In n very different TO. ton
change for the better since 1914. which
is largely attributable to the prohib..
tion Of alcohol.
The sudden departure Of N. Bark m.
Russian Minister NJ Finance. Tor t.cndo,
and Paris IL the talk ~ Arancisl c,rr,s,
in Petrograd. The Russian M,nis,e-
OF Finance usually comes We, N.
money. But the third Russian war loan
IL Just nearing conclusion and the results
are quite satisfactory. The Gcve-r~er,
will get 81 900, 900. 600. So, ooO. oo0 hong
paid into the imperial e%Xchepuer \ few
days sgo by a group OF banks which IN.
dertook its realization.
The terms Of subscription have he.,
extended. for Lately the United STAT.
and nina have begun 10 subsc-h.
large amount Of money. This sum Was
considered sufficient TO carry on tho war
for some months.
The official explanation ~ NJ Barks
visit Is that the term Of credits FOR pa.
ment OF orders made by the Russia
Government abroad ended OF Oc.ob.-
II seems. however ,h,. ,u,,h..
~ orders uere oxacutad so Eva pns...
Covernnan, 10 c,uno,Iod 10 49, sa-
ex,.rsion ~ tho dat sor r.,ra.,.
Tho,e 10 u,,le d,uh, ma, o,n.. ,n..
i,,,nr,.,, o-ro,,i,ns ,,Ui l.. IL.
and especially AS TO how far Russia
can reckon on the financial assistance ~
~ 'N "' " ''''"''
C,o,er AI,,suc. n, souub,
At the same lime the Russian Gov.
eminent seems TO atta'h the greatest
Importance to the economic conference
or the Allies. me RUSSIAN det'gat'' ,.
clude NJ F~okroNskS' me 'onlr'r'il"F ~
state one OF the Rreatest RUSSIAN "a
l"rts on nhance. u NJ frlIekHltff, tue
Assistant Minister or Trade aud com
chiefs Of departments of all the Min.
S,'"s '"'''''"' W." '"e ""''''' y
~
.".s .n'n''n' pot" ol,'l"' ''' p''
'"'e 1nit'a',Nes '!e u'..'''u !" "'e ''l-
W. es.d",s.Iheh' . tne ,'os's' i"sS'o"
'c.a.'"ie pe'"ee" r'hsIa'u anu t'lS>H
ina RUSSIA alt'r 'h' "dl W." PF
SUI "oSt "es'r'"". 'us,"'''. ~"
"'Ne's "e "'up'''' me M'"'s|' "
,"''"'' "H JUS p'"''Sh'' Il 'pHpen
W. W '.L"a.s re''l,eu .runl We .n
C'l''"s '"",'"eiS 'n" "Ii'ce's a. 'e'
nv ei"I''. ~ '" we 'ne'tH "l ,he ""' "'
n"SHl'H 'rau'' commerce ana IN" eco
on, .''u''.o" s.n.,'". r''"' '"ls r.
p"'. . :" - '"',' "'I'
""Fs ~ 'r's w" "e'se''' h'' ~
"','I'''" "''I",I'' an, "'''l"''"r,
49, ,"'",''' v! ''''
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-06-18

The new tunnel. known as tho Rove,
made for the canal. ~ west ~ IN" it''-
road tunnel ana ~ It's length ~ f'nr
mics Is nothing remarkable l's span OF
more than seventy-two feet IS uA'Gn" ~
the world. Its length. however, s""rn"d
remarkable enough to ~ VISITORS on
SUNDAY for after about half a mile the
comnressed air engine pulllug the work.
mans train which WAS 10 'ak" them
the tunnel gave M the struggle
OF hauling its distinguished ire'sht OF
Minister'S. Under Secretaries "t state
Generals. municipal councillors n"t 70
mertion a dozen America newspaper
r,on and NIL had 10 foot Il for tho re
naming three and a half miles 'hr'ush
IN. stufy ~obscurity. walking Il mun"N
track with occasional perc''''-
Ing from the roof.
The walk really afforded a far better
onnortunity 10 study the minens worN
done. and the representative OF a iH'ts-
burg paper "a he trudged along perSrlr-
inr remarked that after all " ohlN re
,rind.d him OF a walk At horne on a
hne day. a..
The height from the bottom of the
canal TO the roof IL nearly tnriN-seN'i'
feet. 80 that a cross section W soy
square wards. To realize what a span
Of seventy-two feet means II may hr
recalled that n double track ra'ir"'1
tunnel In France has n span nt 'w"htN-
seven feet four inches. n Paris metr"pol-
itau subway station Of fort>-four ana
one-half feet and that the next largest
canal tunnel span in France Is the
Condos tunnel between the Marine ana
Saone). ffty-two feet. The Rove tunnel.
therefore. dwarfs them al tn" matter
extracted from II represents nearly
three million cubic yards, which is twice
the amount removed from the two
parallel tunnels of the Simplon rw"lv"
miles long).
Work began at the southern end in
April, 1911. and at the northern end III
MAY. 1912 The head ngs met on Fob
ruary Is OF this year. Three thousand
~nayvies were employed, although hn' for
the war this number would have been
1000.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-06-18

The Marseilles Chamber NJ Com
n,erce, the dean Of all such bodies,
founded over 300 years ago, can claim
the chief credi, for securing the %realiza-
ton Of the canal scheme and the cntir"
credit of having 1t built Of such great
width. II has undertaken To find S.
600. 900 toward the cost Of tn" canal.
which IL placed at slS,2S0,0oo, to be re-
paid by tolls on vessels using the port Of
Marseilles. The department of Rouches-
du-Rhone and the city OF Marscillos
each contributes $1,000 600 and the state
provides the balance S5,o00, o00I.
The canals length from Aries tn the
Mediterranean will he fifty-one miles,
and II will provide a continuous water
way, by the nayigahle part of ,ho
Rhone and the Saone. 331 miles long,
for 500 ton lighters from Marseilles
northward without breaking carg"
Rarges will he able by the existing
Seine canal system to he taken from
the Mediterranean to the English chan
mel.
The normal width outside The Rove
tunnel will he 81. feet and tire depth
will be 90. feet from Marseilles to Port
de-Bouc and SIS feet thence to Aries.
The work on the Rove TUNE and It's
approaches has been given to NJ. Leon
Chagnaud. The engineer responsible for
the work on the Paris Metro" tsubwsy)
at the hve points It passes under the