davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-03-11

what amended in form (H. r.
10384), and it is now before the
House.
Tho text of the Burnett reading
test provision is as follows:
"That after three months from the
passage of this Act, in addition to the
aliens who are by law now excluded
from admission into the United
States, the following persons shall
also be excluded from admission
thereto, to-wit:
"An aliens over sixteen years Of
age, physically capable Of reading,
who can not read the English Ian
guage, or some other language or
dialect, including Hebrew or Yiddish:
Provided, That any admissible alien,
or any alien heretofore or hereafter
legally admitted, or any citizen Of
the United States, may bring in or
send for his father or grandfather
over fifty-five years of age, his wife,
his mother, his grandmother, or his
unmarried or widowed daughter, if
otherwise admissible, whether such
relative can read or not and such
relative shall be permitted to enter.
How List Will Be Made.
"That for the purpose Of ascertain
ing whether aliens can read the i'm
migrant inspectors shall be furnished
with slips of uniform size, prepared
under the direction of the Secretary
Of Labor, each containing not less
than thirty nor more than forty
words in ordinary use, printed in
plainly 1egible type in some one of
the various languages or dialects OF
| immigrants. Each alien may desig-
nate the particular language or dia-
1ect in which he desires the examina-
ton to be made, and shall be re-
quired to read the words printed on
the slip in such language or dialect.
THAT the following classes Of per-
sons shall be exempt from the opera
ton of the illiteracy test, wit: All
aliens who shall prove to the satis-
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-03-11
GRAIN SPECULATORS'
METHODS I'D
: .
John Kenneth Turner Describe.
How Farmers Are Robbed
of Millions.
BROKERS USE FUTURES
TO BEAT DOWN PRICES
How J. Ogden Armour Plays the
Grain Market to
Advantage.

How the farmers Of this nation are
annually robbed of 3O2.000.O0O or
wheat alone, of which $182,O0O,00(
may be charged to market specula.
ton, is described by John Kenneth
Turner in the current number of the
Appeal to Reason. Turner first ex.
plains that not all wheat brokers are
concerned in this, that some are
merely gamblers betting upon the
turn of the market. AS he says:
"The millions and hundreds of mil.
lions are made not by the mere gam
hlers, but by the men who buy and
sell actual wheat in large quantities
who form the grain monopoly. They
are the biggest gamblers of all, but
their primary purpose in gambling is
to beat down the market when they
want to buy and force it up when
they want to sell. In fact, grain ex-
changes are conducted only second
arily as a means to skinning the out
side speculator. The shining mark
of the Grain Exchange is Mr.. Tiller
of the Soil"
Turner then explains how the price
Of real wheat is determined by the
price of Futures" A trade in futures
is a contract to buy or deliver at a
certain future period and at a GER
tain price a given amount Of wheat
Of given grade known as the CON
tract grade" No wheat at all changes
hands.
How 1t Is Done.
AS an actual example of how the
farmers We're defrauded last year
Turner gives the following account of
grain manipulation:
"Now. supposing that, OH May I
he price Of No. red wheat at Chi
cago is $1.64. J. Ogden Armour
hination in America, having sold out
his stocks of wheat to the allies
and cleaned up S,0O0,000-starts a
bear campaign. He does not go it
alone: he calls in his friends They
send their brokers into the pit with
orders to sell July wheat at the mar
ket in unlimited quantities.
THE market is 1854. Of course,
the unlimited quantities are not Of
fered all at once. There is a certain
finesse in the game that need not be
gone into here. However, the brokers
sell and keep selling. The selling
being livelier than the buying. soon
the market 'sags.' There being no
let-up in the selling, the market
'sags' some more. At the end of the
first day the market closes weak,
and the next morning it open down.
What Bear Campaign Does.
The bear campaign is kept up
day after day and week after week.
The sellers, as everybody knows, are
the bears the buyers the bulls
Earlier in the year J. Ogden Armour
had been 'bull' himself, and had
helped boost the market to that very
$1.64, after which he had unloaded.
80 Armour sells short 100000
bushels - 10,000,0OO- 50,000,000-
100,000,000. So long as he can send
more selling orders to the pit than
the bulls can send buying orders the
market continues to go down. Ar
mour may also have brokers quietly
Continued on Page 2.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-03-11

Of whether such labor is unobtainableI
here can not be determined until tho
imported aliens apply for: admission
at United States port. The Burnetti
bill provides that the necessity for1
bringing such labor from abroad may1
he determined before importation.Y
Still another provision not in existing
law, although commonly" followed byi
the immigration authorities, directs
that the wife or children of an alenl
who has declared his intention to. be- 7
come g. citizen shall not be refused
entry on account of disease until !
medical treatment has been accorded. !
and may be admitted before a cure Is !,
effected if it can be done without
danger to others. Several sections OF
the bill are devoted to provisions for
the control of deserving alien seamen.
May Be Fined Heavily. .,
The House committees report. re-I
fers briefly to the history of the lite
racy test, which, it says, has come UP! !!
in almost every Congress for the past
fifteen or twenty years, and strongly
urges its adoption. THE people OIL
the country understand it," says thei
committee, land the great majority Of
them indorse It," The committee CON
tributes another opinion to the much;
discussed question of immigration
after the war as follows: 90 .4.z4 /
Even during these times Of war I'M
Europe. 446, ,474 aliens came lin. It Is
true. that nearly as many went out:
most Of them in response to the CALI
to the colors on tho other ride. But
no. cnly will most: Of the survivors Of
those who departed return. but It Isl
thought by many Of the ablest men OF
the land that millions more Of the
poorest and most flliterate win come
to this country. The best viii stay TO
rehahllitate their stricken countries.s
and the worst will flock to our land
and beat down the price OF labor, andi
erect the lowest anderd Of liGinsS
which decent men can sconceive ~ ~ u
Sc. 49,
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-03-11

eligible to citizenship by naturaliza-
ton. The present law refusing admis-
sion to persons likely to become
public charge" is amended to read
persons likely for any reason to be-
come a. public CHARGE" the evident
purpose being to nullify a recent de-
cision of the United States Supreme
Court to the effect that under existing
law aliens cannot be debarred as
likely to become a. charge upon the
public because poor economic condi-
tions exist in the community to which
they are going.
The bill increases the "head tax" on
aliens from 81 to So, but provides that
such tax shall not be levied on chill
dren under sixteen years of age who
accompany their father or mother.
Under the present law aliens who
have resided in Canada; Newfound-
land, Cuba o" Mexico for one year are
exempt from the tax, but this exemp-
ton is removed by the proposed legis-
lation except in the case of temporary
visitors from such countries.
History Of Literacy Test.
A transportation company bringing
to the United States an alien whose
1mmleratlon has been induced by the
company must pay an administrative
fine of $4oo in each case, while COM
panies which persistently induce inn
migration in violation of law may be
denied the privilege Of landing pas
sengers at a United States port. The
administrative fine Of 800 now i'm
posed ON steamship companies for
bringing a seriously diseased alien is
increased, to 5000, and fine of $25
is provided in the case Of an alien
who is merely physically or mentally
defective; the purpose being to insure
more thorough medical examination
at foreign ports. - ."
It IL further stipulated that a fine
Of $500 shall be levied for bringing
illiterate aliens, .Hindus, and persons
lwto cannot become naturalized. and
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-03-11
M YOO FAMILIAR WITH Chief FEATURES OF BURNETT IlRA BILL

At the opening of the present ses-
sion of Congress Representative Bur-
nett introduced without change the
much discussed Burnett bill which
President Wilson had vetoed in the
preceding Congress because it pro-
vided for the exclusion of illiterate
aliens and for the exclusion and de-
portation after landing Of aliens who
advocate or teach the unlawful de-
struction of property, a provision
which was admittedly aimed at mill
tant suffragists and followers of the
Industrial Workers of the World.
Two Successive Defeats.
1t will be recalled that in the Sixty
second Congress President Taft We
toed the Dillingham; Burnett bill also
because it contained a. literacy test
but the Alabama Congressman, un-
daunted by two successive defeats,
has not modified his position and is
again pressing vigorously for restric-
tive legislation.
In his veto message of last winter.
President Wilson said concerning the
proposed 1egislation:
IL seeks 10 all but close entirely
the gates of asylum which have al
ways been open to those who could
find nowhere else the right and op-
portunity Of constitutional aeitation
for what they conceived to be the
natural and inalienable right of men:
and it excludes those to whom the
opportunities of elementary educa-
tion has been denied, without regard
to their character, their purposes, or
their natural capacity
The House Committee on Immi-
grafton and Naturalization, however,
is not disposed to accept the Presi-
dents view Of these matters, for after
hearings at which both advocates
and opponents Of restriction were
represented the committee directed a
favorable report upon the bill, some-
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-03-11
NEW YORK TEACHERS
FORM TRADES UNION

NEW YORK, March 10.-Public
school teachers in this city are dis
cussing organization and affiliation
with the American Federation. of
Labor. President Gompers has held
conferences with teachers and princi-
pals who favor this movement. Senti-
ment Tor unionization has increased
because of threatened reduction of
salaries and uncertainty of positions
following the efforts of local politi-
clans to control the public schools by
securing the passage of a home
rule" law by the state legislature.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-03-11

faction of the proper immigration
officer or to the Secretary of Labor
that they are seeking admission to the
United States to avoid religious per-
secution in the country Of their last
permanent residence, whether such
persecution be evidenced by overt
acts or by laws or governmental
regulations that discriminate against
the alien or the race to which he be-
longs because of his religious faith:
all aliens who have been lawfully ad-
mitted to the United States and who
have resided therein continuously for
five years, and who have in accord
ance with the law declared their in
tention of becoming citizens Of the
United States and who return to the
United States within six months from
the date of their departure there
from; all aliens in transit through
the United States; all aliens who
have. been lawfully admitted to the
United States and who later shall 20
In transit from one part of the
United States to another through for
eign contiguous territory"
One Important Change.
While the reading test now pro-
posed is identical with the test to
which President Wilson objected, a
greater degree of immunity is pro-
vided for aliens fleeing from relig:
ious persecution. In the bill of last
session such immunity was confined
to aliens coming "solely for. the pur-
pose of escaping from religious per-
secution," while in the bill now pend
ing the word "solely' does not ap-
pear and in addition it is provided
that such persecution may be evil
denced by discriminatory laws or
governmental regulations, as we'll as
by overt acts. The importance of the
amendment is obvious.
The provision relating to the ex-
clusion and deportation of aliens who
advocate the unlawful destruction of
property is the same as in the meas
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-03-11
W0M|ENNQRKER!sG' GE|l|||| II /
LESS THAN sG WAGE ICE
U. S. Labor Bureau Report.
Shows Most Female EN-
ployers Under 20.
CHILD EMPLOYMENT $
IS MOST EXTENSIVE:
A.r>~. T
Low Wages Paid To Women
and Children Presents
Grave Problems. -
TWO CENTS.

WASHINGTON. March 1O.-Tha
bureau Of labor statistics of the delI
partment Of labor has just issued ajf
summary of its report on the con4
dition of woman and child wage
earners in the United States. !
The establishments included in the;
bureaus investigation employed moreE
than $4,000 persons, Of whom overhi
. 167, 900, or approximately. SO per cent?
were females. The most strikinatl
feature of this great labor force was
the extreme youthfulness Of thosaI
employed. !,
In three Of the industry groups.I|
the southern cotton group, the glass
Industry, and the Pennsylvania silki
group, more than two-thirds. of thei
female employees were found to bel
under 20. On the other hand, the,
proportion IS years of age and over
was large enough to suggest the need
Tor vocational training for girls, !
Many Married Women. :!
The importance of married Women
among these wage earners is shown;
by the fact that of q industries stud
led, only three were found in which
the proportion of married women'E
among those - years of age and over
was under 10 per cent, and from thf4t
it runs up to two-fifths, and in one|
industry even to three-fifths. !;
In the four industries which werei
the subject Of intensive study, it was
found that in some 5000 families
from 81 to SO per cent of the families
had girls 16 years of age and over at
work, and that from 80 to 95 per-
cent of all the girls of this age grorp
in these families were wage earnersill
One of the most significant facts
disclosed by the Investigation in all;
most all industries was the large j
proportion of woman wage .earners
who were paid low wages, wages mi
many cases inadequate to- supply aF3
reasonable standard of. living for
WOMEN dependent upon their own
earnings for support. -: ) &
Wages Are Small. !
In the group of women employed
in the four great industries, cottonli
mems ready-made clothing, glass andF1
silk, from two-fifths to two-thirds of1
those 16 years of age and over earneda
less than $6 a. week.
In another group of % fndustries,1
an examination of the earnings of
of over $4,000 women, 1s years Of aga|
and over, showed that IL per cent
earned less than Sc a week. =.
The report shows that the employ
ment of children was both entenstvA'
and serious; not only were children
found employed in great numbers, but
they were found employed below tha;1
legal age, employed at work legallyi|
prohibited to children of their years:H
employed for illegally long hours and
at illegal times; employed through
evasions of the law and under. false
certificates of age, as we'll as undenA
many other undesirable conditions. 4
In spite Of all Of this, evidence wasa
found of a decrease in the relative1
number of children employed, andl
very plain indications that a" public3
sentiment against their exploitation,
is making itself effectively. !,
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-03-11

ure vetoed by the President, with the
exception of a modifying provision to
the effect that nothing in this act
shall exclude, If otherwise admissible,
persons convicted, or who admit the
commission, or who teach or advocate
the commission, Of an offence purely
POLITICAL
This provision was adopted by the
committee as a substitute for existing
law which grants immunity from ex-
c1usion to 'otherwise admissible per-
sons convicted: of an offence purely
political, not involving moral turpi-
tude." Apart from whatever effect
the amended revision may have on
aliens who advocate the destruction of
property. it Is apparently the purpose
OF the committee to admit political
offenders whether or not their Of
fences involve moral turpitude.
Salient Features Remain.
In the fierce legislative battle of
last winter over the reading test va
rious other features of the Burnett
bill proposing important changes in
existing immigration law escaped gen
eral attention, but practically all of
these are retained in the present bill.
while others Of equal or greater i'm
portance were added by the House
committee. The immigration act of
1907, as amended in 1910, provides
for the exclusion Of almost every con-
ceivable kind of physical and mental
detectives and moral delinquents as
we'll as otherwise desirable immi.
grants who induced to come to the
United States by promises Of employ
ment-a class known to the law as
contract laborers.
/ Besides illiterates and aestroyera OF
property, however, the Burnett bill as
reported from the committee adds
several new classes to the category OF
the unfit, including vagrants: persons
OF constitutional psychopathic inferi-
GRITTY; persons with chronic alcohol
ism; ism Htndus, and persons who are not
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-03-11
CHEMICAL WORKS: HAS
ANOTHER BIG STRIKE

ROOSEVELT, N. j., March 10
Several hundred workers employed at
the Williams & Clark plant of the
American Agricultural Chemical com.
pany struck last week to enforce a
nine-hour day and 25 cents an hour.
These workers have been paid %
cents for 10-hour day. A strike
started at this plant year ago last
January. Strike guards fired on the
workers, killing two and injuring 10.
The guards were found guilty and
sentenced to short terms in prison.
The cases are still pending.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-03-11

LAUNDRY WORKERS ORGANIZE,
TROY, N. Y, Mar. 10.-Officers of
the Laundry Workers International
union report that locals have been
informed at Pocatello, Idaho; Miami
and Globe, Arizona and Edwardsville,
ILL.,, during January.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-03-11
ACCEPT UNION HOURS.

LAWRENSE, Kan., Mar. 10.-The
construction company that is building
bridge in this city has decreased
the work day from 10 to 8 hours and
has accepted the wage rates of the
Carpenters union,
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-03-11

The intelligent, common sense
workingmen prefer to deal with the
problems of today, with which they
must contend il they want to make
advancements, rather than to deal
with q picture or a dream.-Gom-
pers.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-03-11

Continued on PAGE 2.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-03-11

Continued on Page 2.
The Morgan City daily review. (Morgan City, La.) 1916-1920, 1916-10-20
news FLASHES FROM FAR and near

The French troops continued their
gradual approach toward Peronne,
although advancing at an enormous
cost.
The Cunard liner Alaunia was
destroyed by mine. She carried no
passengers at the time.
China viewed with alarm the in
sistance Of Toxic upon japanese
police rights in Manchuria and Mon
golia.
The British war office announced
further successes in operating
against the Germans in German East
Africa.
Reports from Carranza sources
admitted that Villa controls a large
part of the state Of Chihuahua.
Progressive action has come to
stay in the world, President Wilson
told his hearers at one Of three ad-
dresses delivered in Chicago.
Banners were torn from their
hands and many knocked down when
women political agitators in Chicago
attempted an anti-Wilson demon
stration.
Striking employees of the Bayonne,
n. j., oil plants agreed to return to
work today.
Chicago bankers planned to ap-
peal to Congress to stop the advanc-
ing prices of wheat and flour.
The Protestant Episcopal conven-
ton rejected plan to divide the
church on racial lines.
Announcement was made that the
government has let contracts for
two hundred army aeroplaes.
The internal Revenue Bureau at
Washington paid all of it's expenses
during the last three years by col
lecting back taxes. A total of $22,-
5O9,576 was recovered and this
amount is greater by $2,700,0O0
than the entire cost of collecting the
country's S1,30s,OOO,OOO of internal
revenue during the three years.
The Morgan City daily review. (Morgan City, La.) 1916-1920, 1916-10-20

Judge Hughes reiterated his posi-
ton in regard to the sinking Of the
Lusitania.
Late reports fixed the death toll
from Wednesdays tropical hurri-
cane at three, with heavy property
loss at a few interior points of Ala
bama.
The Clyde liner Arapahoe, carry
ing passengers, lost her rudder off
Cape Lookout Rescuing vessels
stood by and all aboard were report
ed in no danger.
The loss Of the German merchant
undersea boat Bremen, no. a month
overdue, was practically admitted by
Tutonic diplo'nnts
The Louisiara Horticultural Soc
iety took steps to combat the ct
ton-cushion scale which threatens
destruction Of Ill tress ard plants in
New Orleans.
Police of several cities j)Elcd he
hunt for John Borella who shot his
wife at her home in New Orleans
Wednesday night
Milton j. Cunningham, who had
held many important offices and
been leading figure in reconstruc-
ton days, died at his home in New
Orleans.
Order for more than 200 aero
planes have been placed by the
War Department as a first step in
expansion of the aviation service.
Agents of the Department Of
Conservation arrested in the city
outskirts several gunners shooting
wild birds before the season opened.
Texas and Pacific clerks continu-
ed conferences upon demand for re-
cognition Of the brotherhood, but
officials did not expect strike.
The Morgan City daily review. (Morgan City, La.) 1916-1920, 1916-10-20
AMELIA NOTES

Mr.W. j. Russum was business
visitor here Tuesday.
Mr.. C. j. Aucoin was Il visitor to
Morgan City Thursday
Mrs. C. T. ThibadeauN loft Friday
for Abbeville where she VIII lie the
guest of her sister, Mrs. T. Flemar.
Ne. ard ", \ Aucp ;. ana Mrs
Smell. Mrs. coins r. ia' motor-d
to Lafayette Saturday 70 get Miss
Edna Aucoin who is attending SCHOOL
there.
Nrs.S. Simoneaux Of Des Allem-
ands was the guest of Mrs. \. Sim
oneaux Saturday.
Miss Theresa Bourg and Mr., Mack
Bourg left Sunday for Berwick
where Miss Bourg will spend the
winter.
Miss Nellie Blanchard will be a
visitor to Berwick this winter. she
left Sunday.
Mr.. Bourgeois of Morgan City
was guest of his daughter, Mrs. j.
S. Aucoin Sunday Mrs. Aucoin is
staying with her mother -in-law, Mrs.
T. Aucoin.
Mr.. Clifford Simoneaux was the
guest of his mother, Mrs. A. Simon
eaux Sunday.
Mrs. Mayola Clements left Mon
day for Ramos where she will spend
the winter.
The weather was terrible here
Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday. 1t
started raining and blowing Mon
day morning and rained continually
until Wednesday afternoon.
Miss Lucy Parker, Miss Alma Aus
tin and Mr.. Jack Hall were the
guests of Miss Bertha Rodgers We'd
! nesday.
There will be Mass Sunday morn
ing at 9:3O at St. Andrews Church
if the weather will permit.
"BRIGHT EYES"
The Morgan City daily review. (Morgan City, La.) 1916-1920, 1916-10-20

The first prize in The Review
Voting Contest is brand new 1917
Model Ford Touring Car. If you
don't win this handsome prize it will
be your own fault. 1t costs you
nothing to try.
The Morgan City daily review. (Morgan City, La.) 1916-1920, 1916-10-20

When the chest feels on fire and
the throat burns, you have indiges-
ton, and you need HERBINE to get
rid of the disagreeable feeling. It
drives out badly digested food,
strengthens the stomach and purifies
the bowels. Price soc. Sold by Belan-
ger Drug Co.
The Morgan City daily review. (Morgan City, La.) 1916-1920, 1916-10-20

WANTED-Good Catholic homes
for our orphan baby children of
one and one-half to five years. For
particulars apply to your parish
priest or to our Southern represen-
tative, L. E. Cenas, 1117 N. Roche
blave St., New Orleans, La.
THE NEW YORK FOUNDING
HOSPITAL.