davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1916-12-16
LETTER OF HIS HOLINESS TO CARDINAL

appeal addressed to Us by those who
are directing the work of the Com
mission, We have decided to approve
and recommend it, as We hereby dc
endorse it most heartily by these
words to you, My Lord Cardinal, and
bers of the American Episcopate, to
the Clergy and to every generous
heart; but particularly to those chill.
dren of America upon whom is based
every hope of success fer the plan
devised by this beneficent institution
Neither do We doubt, in truth. but
that the happy children of America,
without distinction of faith or of class,
at this approach of another winter
which it is announced will be even
more severe and painful than the two
preceding years, will vie, in their in
nocent pride, with each other to be
able to extend to their little brothers
and sisters of the Belgian nation, even
though across the immense ocean, the
helping hand and the offerings of that
charity which knows no distance.
The words of our Divine Redeemer:
AS long as you did it to one of these
My least brethren, you did it to Me"
(Matthew XIV, 400, so appropriately
brought to mind in these circum-
stances, are a sure pledge of heavenly
pleasure and reward; while We feel
likewise, how greatly, in this period
of atrociouS fratricidal carnage, even
i'll the eyes of the world, are ennobled
the people of more fortunate lands by
deeds and by the pouring of little
balm upon the wounds of those less
fortunate.
In the full faith that Your Eminence,
efticaciously aided by all, according to
their means and strength, will do as
much as may be in your power to
favor this initiative, in proof of the
loving interest which We have for its
successful outcome, We send to you
enclosed Our contribution of Ten
Thousand Lire, which gift, if it be in
adequate to the needs of the occasion
and appears slight in itself, is not
however such, when one considers the
condition of this Apostolic See in the
present unhappy moment
At the same time, while being
particularly happy to represent upon
this earth that Jesus Who was the
Divine Friend of little children, we
invoke from Our heart upon all those
who shall second and aid this noble
and delicate undertaking an abun-
dance Of blessings and heavenly re,
wards, of which is pledge the Apos.
tolic Benediction which, with very
special affection We impart to you
My Lord Cardinal, to your two Col.
leagues in the Sacred College, to the
Bishops, Clergy and to all the Faithful
| of the United States.
BENEDICTUS z. p. XIV.
From the Vatican, the 2Sth of October
| 1916.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1916-12-16
THEOLOGY FOR
NON-CATHOLICS
PRoTEsTANTs PAY HIGHLY TO
HEAR A DOMINICAN LECTURE.

1t is certainly sign of reyiving in
terest in religion when non-Catholics
are found ready to pay five shilfngs
"a dollar and quarter ticket to
hear Dominican monk lecture on the
sSumma' of st. Thomas Aquinas and
expound its theories and doctrines to
a Protestant audience. Yet this in
teresting experiment is being tried in
London at the present time and has
proved so successful that the Domini-
cans have booked Caxton Hall, West.
minister, for several weeks and are
charging four guineas seventeen dol.
lars-per course ticket. The Fathers
state that so many people seem in
danger of losing belief in God Him.
self that they feel that the need OF
the day is an exposition of Christian
theology for these unhappy souls
from which afterwards they vii
naturally be led to realize that it ii
the Catholic Church which has pre-
served these truths for them.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1916-12-16
THE NECESSITY OF AUTHORITY
IN HUMAN SOCIETY - DIVINE
RIGHT AND HUMAN RIGHT
ORIGIN OF AUTHORIZATIONS
sEAU AND THE SOCIAL CON-
TRACT-FALSE PRIMO PIE s
CONDEMNED BY RECENT PoPEs.
(Ry c. F. NJ

During the past few years political
economists and publicists Of various
shades of belief have had much to
say about the so-called Divine Right
of Kings This theory, which was
q burning issue in the Middle AgesS
often has been held UP to scorn by
modern writer's. Certain present-day
rulers have been quoted as upholding
this medieval claim, and they have,
accordingly, been ridiculed for their
old-fashioned pretentions. There is a
sense, however, in which the divine
right of kings is based upon logic and
revelation, and another sense in which
it is erroneous.
Taking the words, right. or author
ity, as Synonymous for the present
though strictly speaking, there is a
difference-it is clear that authority
is necessity for man, especially in
his present state Man naturally is a
gregarious being, he is member of
society. No sane thinker at the pres
ent day would hold that man in his
natural state is a lover of isolation.
In vain have certain writer's pointed
to the savage as an example of isola-
tion: the savage depends for his very
existence on his adherence to his
tribe. All historical records point to
the fact that men from the beginning
produced families, and that these
domestic units naturally coalesced into
larger groups.
Authority, or right, is but the moral
power to control members of this
larger group, or the State. For Nature
requires harmony, and harmony, in
mans present condition especially,
cannot be erected without a central
controlling power, which is authority
or the right of command. Right in
general is divine or human. Again
divine right is called natural when il
flows from nature itself, as the ordi
nary right to life and liberty. 1t is
called positive right when 1t is sane
toned by laws and custom in giver
case. Since God is the author Of al
things and nature is but the refec
ton of Gods will and intelligence, i
is necessary that divine right exis
above all things, and that its counter
part, human right or authority, b
recognized and obeyed. The denial .
| this principle entails anarchy.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1916-12-16
REASONS WHY HE REFUSED Tc
ACT AS MEXICAN CONSUL.

| In our issue of last week we quoted
part of Col Russell B. Harrison's
letter, in which the son of the former
president refused to act further as
Mexican Consul. Following is the
text of his letter as reported in the
New World.
Il received in due course your letter
written by instruction of the First
Chief of the Constitutionalist Army
charged with the executive power of
the United States of Mexico, stating
that the First Chief of the army act
ing in that capacity, had re-appointed
me as Vice-Consul of Mexico for the
State of Indiana, and expressing de-
sire that | serve in such capacity for
the purpose of improving the CONNER
cial relations of the Republic of Mexico
with the United States.
Il have considered the request of
the First Chief of the Constitutionalist
Army, and in reply / would state that
am willing to aid in re-estabiishing
the commercial relations between the
citizens of the State of Indiana and the
citizens of Mexico, if the citizens of
the State Of Indiana are protected as
to life and property in Mexico, in the
same manner that Mexican citizens are
protected as to life and property in this
State. The citizens and business men
of Indiana ask for nothing they are
not willing to grant to every peaceful
and law-abiding Mexican.
ITO be successful in my efforts in
aiding the restoration of the mutually
pleasant, satisfactory and profitable
commercial relations between the citi
zens of Indiana and the Republic of
Mexico which existed prior to the out
break of the revolution in Mexico, it is
necessary that should ask the First
Chief of the Constitutionalist Army for
some expressions of intention, assur-
ances as to purpose and guarantees as
to the manner in which the citizens of
Indiana will be received and protected
in life and property if they visit Mex
leo in person, and what safety and pro
lection will be accorded their business
1dea1ings,, and .insestIaents if na5e
through other persons or by mail.
There is another feature of the stu
alton that has an important bearing
on the establishment of cordial and ex-
tensive commercial relations. A funda-
mental principle of government in the
United States and in the various states
composing the Republic is religious
tolerance. The members of all church
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1916-12-16
NEW CANONICAL CODE
SOME FACTS WITH REGARD TO
ITS PUBLICATION.

With regard to the publication Of
the new Code of Canon Law, this is
how the case stands at this moment.
The five books are already printed in
one huge volume nearly foot and a
half thick. This will be shortly distri-
buted to the members of the Sacred
College and to the higher prelates of
the Roman Court. The price of each
exemplar as it now is would be too
costly for wide circulation. Moreover,
the Roman authorities must wait until
they have an abundant supply of pa
per. Then their intention is to publish
an edition of the Code in five small
volumes at a very moderate price.
The committee in charge viii probably
wait for the arrival of the time when
the conveniences Of transit will have
become normal or nearly so before the
work will be published in small vol
umes.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1916-12-16
ST. VINCENT DE PAUL
SOCIETY
ANNUAL MEETING or THE. MINNIE.
APoLls couNclLE WILL BE
HELD ON SUNDAY.

Careful and thorough preparations
are going on under the auspices of
Edmund A.. PrendeTgaet, Esq, Presi-
dent of the Particular Eouncil of Min
neapolis, of the Societg of st. Vincent
de Paul, for the annual treunion of the
Society, to be held in The hall of the
Pro- Cathedral, on the aqening of Sun
day, December II, 1915 at O'clock.
A general rally of the members of the
Society and all Catholics interested
in charity is expected The Most
Reverend John Ireland Archbishop of
St. Paul, will be the principal speaker
at the meeting. Other addresses will
be made by John w, Willis, President
of the newly constituted Metropolitan
Central Council of st. Paul, Mr.. Prem
dergast, Mr.. James N{lan and other
interesting speakers.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1916-12-16
THE DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS

The Romans held that all authority
originated in the people, and that it
was by natural process transferred
by them to the ruler This process
might be elective, appointive, or hered>
itary. With the advent Of Christian
ity st. Paul gave forth new doctrine
to pagan world, namely, that all
authority is from God He says:
Let every soul be subject to higher
powers for there is no power but from
God. He that resisteth the
power, resisteth the ordinance Of God.
\. Wherefore be subject Of neces-
sity, not only for wrath, but also for
conscience sake rom. XIID. st.
Peter reiterates this in his first letter.:
BE We subject therefore to every
human creature for Gods sake:
whether it be to the king as excelling;
or to governors as sent by him"
(Chap. III.
Hence, according to this doctrine,
all real authority rules by divine
right St Thomas Aquinas explains
that all authority is of God, in as much
as it is necessary that it be SO accord
ing to the needs of human nature
which is created and ruled by God.
Certain writer's claimed that civil
authority was evil, since it was a con-
sequence of original sin. Others, try.
ing to uphold the papacy, attributed to
the Pope the fullness of civil as well
as of spiritual power. They held that
kings reigned only in virtue of the
authority of the Pope who was above
all kings. Others again claimed that
/ the king or civil ruler was appointed
| by God even as the Pope was, and
that no part of his authority could
| lawfully be taken from him. Hence
as the Pope ruled by divine right,
so did the king claim divine right,
| in this sense, that in monarchy all
power was divinely constituted in the
monarch and could never legally or
| validly be taken from him. According
to this theory were kingdom to be-
come a republic all power in the re.
public would be invalid. This is the
divine right of kings in its real sense
as understood by those who curried
favor with royalty or catered to inn
perial caprice. The limit of these
pretentions was reached by Henry
VIII and James /, of England, who
arrogated to themselves supremacy
even in things spiritual, and this, as
they maintained, Of divine right.
Suarez declared that the king does
not possess spiritual authority, and
that his civil right is merely the col.
Iective consent Of the people to whom
i God, by natural right, disposes it.
Authority, he asserted, is quality
Il derived from a multitude living volun.
u tarfIy together and by them granted
! to one who represents them, be he
king or president.
u 4continusd Vp page &l
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1916-12-16
COLONEL HARRISON ON MEXICO

es and denominations live together and
transact business with one another i'll
perfect harmony and good will A
large portion of the citizens of the
State of Indiana are members of the
Catholic Church. The clergy, nuns,
Sisters of Charity and other workers
of the Catholic Church constitute an
important element of the states best
citizenship. They have the respect
and good will of all other religious de-
nominations and fraternize with them.
Information has reached the Catho-
lie clergy and Church members in the
State of Indiana, that the Mexican rev.
olutionists have made war upon this
Church, its clergy, nuns, Sisters of
Charity and other workers, of Mexican
birth, and that the Catholic churches,
schools, colleges and hospitals have
been sacked, robbed, and destroyed.
Being firm believers in religious tol
erance, this has shocked and amazed
the citizens of Indiana and other states
of the United States.
But what has shocked the citizens
of Indiana-and particularly the wom-
en-more than anything else, has been
the fact that these revolutionists have
committed unspeakable outrages upon
the nuns and Sisters of Charity-good
women who consecrated their lives in
aiding the unfortunate and in Uplift-
ing the community i'll which they are
located.
IF the Republic of Mexico is to arise
from its present impoverished and
desolate condition and become a great
republic, it must guarantee religious
tolerance and protection, both to its
native population and to all foreigners
in the same manner as is done in the
United States. The schools and edu-
cation in Mexico must be given in
creased attention.
IF l act on the request of Gen. Car
rama to aid in the development of the
commercial relations of Mexico with
the United States, it is first necessary
that | should have not only his assur-
ance and guarantee as to the protec-
ton of life and property of the citizens
of Indiana who may visit Mexico and
engage insbusiness there, but | must
.&fssssls pf ai.t psspri,1i;;ts5 ard saataq
tees that he will support and enforce
religious tolerance in Mexico and
guarantee safety and protection to the
Catholic clergy, nuns, Sisters of Char
ity of Mexican birth. The citizens of
Indiana believe that a country that
does not practise and believe in re-
ligious tolerance is not safe country
to visit or engage in business in"
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1916-12-16
POPE BENEDICT XIV APPEALS FoF
THE CHILDREN OF BELGIUM.

The following letter from His Holi
ness to Cardinal Gibbons is given forth
to the reading public:
To His Eminence, James Cardinal
Gibbons, Archbishop of Baltimore.
My Lord Cardinal:
Profound compassion of father has
again moved Our heart, when We read
an important letter recently sent to
Us by the distinguished Chairman of
the praiseWOrthy Commission for
Relief in Belgium" describing in few
words, yet showing proof of most ter
rlble reality, the pitiable situation of
numerous Belgian children who, dur
ing two sad years, have been suffering
from the lack of that proper nourish-
ment necessary to sustain the tender
existence of budding childhood.
In most moving terms the Chairman
has described how so many desolate
families, after having given every
thing humanity possible to give, now
lind themselves with nothing left with
which to appease the hunger of their
little ones.
He has made Us see, almost as if
they were passing before these very
eyes, dimmed with tears, the long file,
continuously increasing, of Belgian
infants waiting for their daily dis
tribution of bread; unhappy little
ones whose bodies, emaciated by
lack of proper nutrition, bear not in
frequently the impress Of some deadly
sickness brought about by their failure
to receive the food which children of
their age require.
In his letter the Chairman has told
Us how, in order to ward off so much
illness, his Commission, displaying the
very best of good will and stopping
at no sacrifice, has arranged for the
distribution to the children of daily
supplementary meal. He Sorrowfully
adds, however, that unhappily owing
to insufficient means, the Commission
has found itself unable to prepare and
supply such extra food to all the
babies who, have need of it.
In this emergency the worthy Chair
ltl sha3 tes1.yd ifis thouent as1t1 his
Heart to the millions of children of
your happy, noble America, who, in
the abundance with which they are
now surrounded, could they be given
an exact idea of the pitiable and un-
fortunate condition of their little fel-
low-creatures in Belgiun-more espe-
cially if an appealing and encouraging
word might reach them from Us
would not hesitate moment to CO.
operate heartily, in accordance with
some prearranged plan, to come
promptly to the relief of these needy
Belgian babies.
In view of this condition of affairs,
We have considered the work indi-
Gated SO humanitarian and so holy
that, in prompt compliance with the
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1916-12-16

The Christ Child Society, which has
assumed the burden of managing this
new centre for settlement work, has
already won an enviable place among
the organizations of this city engaged
in social work. 1t was established in
April, 1910, as branch of the Christ
Child Society founded in Washington,
D. c., number of years ago and with
which it was formally affiliated in jan
uary, 1915. Nearly all its members are
daughters of the active members of
the Guild of Catholic women who have
imbibed the charitable and religious
spirit of their mothers and who are de-
voting themselves to educational work
of different kinds among the poor
children of the city. The primary OBJ
ject of the Christ Child is the giving
of adequate instruction to neglected
children with view to keeping them
in the Catholic fold. This work the
| st. Paul branch of the society has done
since it's organization for the italian
children who are in danger of being
led away from their allegiance to the
Church by the hordes of proselyters
who consider them legitimate prey
It's members have also done splendid
work in teaching Christian doctrine to
the Catholic inmates of the Home foI
Crippled Children at Phalen Park.
The Christ Child Society is planning
! to enlarge the scope of its activities
this year by giving catechetical in
! struction to the Italian children of the
Holy Redeemer parish, as we'll as st
Ambrose parish. The sewing classe:
and the Little Mother classes will bt
conducted from now on in the new Set
i tlement House on Grove st. Enter
tainments and Christmas trees will b.
provided for the children, cooking
lied in the Cathedral School whert
the use of the domestic science depart
ment has been generously donated
The officers of the Christ Child So
ciety are: President, Ruth Brennan
First Vice President, Jewel Cahoon
/ Second Vice President, Lucille Quin
Ian, Third Vice President, Mary Coz
I ley; Recording Secretary, Adele Quir
Ian; Corresponding Secretary, Dori
Dwyer; Treasurer, Mary Butler.
!. The society will appreciate dons
tions of money, books, toys, games
J, etc, to enable it to carry on its worl
and any young ladies who desire t
i join it's ranks should send their name
to any of the oflcers-
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1916-12-16
ARCHBISHOP SINNOTT'S
INAUGURATION
WILL BE INSTALLED BY ARCH
BISHOP STAGNI ON CHRIST
MAS EVE.

The Most Rev. Archbishop Stagni,
Apostolic Delegate to Canada, will ac-
company the Most Rev. Alfred A. Sin
mott, D. D., Archbishop of Winnipeg,
Canada, to that city for his installa-
tion, which is to take place in the
Pro-Cathedral of st. Mary's on Christ
mas Eve. On the occasion of the
installation on the oath, Monsignor
Stagni will pontificate, and the Right
Rev. John T. Kidd, d. D., President
of ST. Augustine's Seminary, will be
the preacher. Archbishop Sinnott
will celebrate his first Pontifical Mass
at midnight on Christmas morning,
when the preacher will be Rev. John
E. Burke, C. S. P, Rector of Newman
Hall, Toronto.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1916-12-16

On Sunday evening, December 10
the annual meeting of the Particular
Council of ST. Paul, of the Society
of st. Vincent de Paul, was held in
the Cathedral school hall. A large
and enthusiastic gathering assembled
to hear the reports of the various
Conferences of the Particular Council
for the past year. A special effort
was made this year to infuse new
zeal and energy into the members
with view to enlarging the scope OF
the work and increasing the member
ship of the local society.
The President OF the Particular
Council, as well as the Presidents OF
each of the ten Conferences of the
city, together with the City Mission
airy, Rev. w. w. Finley, presented ar
annual report of the work accom-
plished. A brief summary is herewith
presented:
The following parishes in the
city of st. Paul have Conferences
of the Society: Cathedral, st. Mary
st. Louis, st. Agnes, Assumption, St
John, st. Michael, st. Vincent, st
Luke, st. Matthew. There are in al
1913 active members, which is a notable
increase over two years ago when the
Society numbered eighty-three mem
bers in 1914. During the year, 23G
families, consisting of 727 members
were assisted materially, and 1,625
visits were paid for various helpful
purposes. The sum of $3,635.17 was
expended in affording assistance te
the needy. This is an increase ot
fifty-nine per cent as compared with
1914. The social work of the Society
under the charge of the City Mission
ary, involved an expenditure O
$983.8S.
After the reading of the reports the
Most Reverend Archbishop addressed
the assembly in words OF encourage
ment and of commendation of tht
work of the Society. He emphasized
the fact that the special note of th'
Catholic Church is that of charity
and that the Society of st. Vincent d.
Paul is and should be the recognized
channel for the activities of organized
Catholic charities. He expressed the
wish and the hope that at their mex
annual meeting the Particular Council
would have representative from Con
ferences in every Catholic parish II
the city. At the close, the Archbishop
announced that new Conference o
the Society is to be organized IL
Hastings, Minnesota.