davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11

worth no more than feed prices, and
it is doubtful whether any kind Of
stock would have cared to eat the
stuff.
Here was case where a farmer
who had done all the work necessary
to produce a crop Of wheat and had
harvested and thrashed it probably Sc.
cured fifteen bushels of wheat per
acre worth no more than 60 cents q
bushel. whereas If he had sown good
seed he might have harvested twenty
bushels Of wheat worth 80 cents a
bushel. In other words, he could have
got SIS per acre for his crop in place
Of 50.
The entire loss could have been pre-
vented by the formalin treatment at a
cost not to exceed a very few cents
per acre. A pint bottle Of formalde-
hyde costing from 35 to so cents and
a few hours labor would have treated
enough seed grain to SOW fifty acres.
There is no excuse for such loss ex-
cept carelessness. Any drug store,
general implement dealer. experiment
station or farm paper will cheerfully
furnish information concerning the
treatment of grain for smut. No farm.
err is wealthy enough to afford to SOW
grain affected with smut.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11
CONTROL OF RAGWORM.
Pick Of the Cocoons Which bangle
From, Twins and Branches

Pick Of The Cocoons Which bangle
From Twigs and Branches.
If you would save the arbor vitaes.
rcd ccdars. naples and other trees and
shrubs pick off the long brown. slen
der. silken cases or cOcoons whith dan
gle from their twigs and branches and
burn them This will destroy the well
known bag or basket worm, which is
now in the egg stage within the cases
This pest is often great deal more
destructive than cankerworms, San
Jose scale and other pests. Each bag
or case may contain from 700 to 1000
eggs. which during next May and June
will hatch into as many hungry cater
pillars.
The bag or basket worm is one of
the most common and injurious insect
pests in the parks and paintings of the
larger cities and towns of Missouri. In
many cases it is doing more harm to
shrubbery and shade trees than all
other insects combined. If the proper
measures Of prevention are put into
practice it is, however, one Of the
easiest insects to cOntfOl.
\ simple way Of destroying the pest
is to collect the cases or bags during
the fall and winter and burn them. If
this work is thoroughly done the eggs
Of the insects will be destroyed and the
pest may be completely stamped out.
Since the taterpiIlars that hatch from
the bagworm eggs are leaf eaters they
may lie destroyed by the use Of arsen-
zeal poisons When the worms are
small or just emerging from the bag
like cases during May and June they
may be killed easily by spraying the
foliage thoroughly with arsenate of
lead paste at the rate of three pounds
to fifty gallons Of water. This spray
should be applied just as soon rs the
pest begins to feed in the spring. Later
sprays may require more poison. Dur.
ing the summer sticky bands placed
around the trunks of the trees will
protect them from the caterpillars
which wander at this season.-T J.
Talbert. Missouri Station.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11
Making the Little
Farm Pay
By c. c. BOWSFlELD


As land Increases in value farms de-
crease in size. The average farm will
soon be less than a hundred acres.
Men and women are getting the vision
Of ten, twenty and forty acre tracts SO
handled as to yield d sufficient income
for family maintenance.
When farmers learn to cut out the
waste and to secure larger returns
from various articles which at present
are regarded as being Of little account
agriculture will reach a more profit
able basis. A correct principle in con-
Quoting any place. large or small, Is to
have each interest prominent enough
so that it will receive proper attention
If II Is an orchard, a vineyard. pOul
try yard. a pigeon loft or variety of
such things aim to make each product
pay definite amount. Let there be
enough to it SO that it can have rea-
sonable amount of time and attention.
Housewives have full share of re-
sponsibility in this particular. They
should be able to prevent all kinds Of
fruit and vegetables going to waste by
methods of canning and preserving
On some farms enough preventable
wastes occur almost every year to
largely reduce the possible profits or
even to cause failure to meet the run
ming expenses of the farm. BY pre-
venting these wastes an Improbable
farm may often be made profitable.
OF late years efforts have been made
to prevent grape juice fermenting and
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11

to preserve 1t in vessels of such size
and shape as can easily be transport
ed, thus rendering its use possible at
all times Of the year. Until recently
its use has been almost exclusively re-
stricted to medicinal or sacramental
purposes. Unrestricted and general use
has been retarded through lack of
knowledge of the principles underlying
the process of manufacture. This lack
Of knowledge and Of the necessary
skill in applying it has resulted in
many failures. thus rendering the pro-
ductiOn of a good article uncertain and
expensive.
Use only clean. well ripened, but
not overripe grapes. After the grapes
have been picked wash and place in
an aluminium or porcelain lined kettle.
cover with boiling water and cook I'M
til soft. so the seeds will separate read
lily from the pulp. mash with a wire
potato masher and place in jelly bag
to Drain. DO not squeeze the juice
out. but hang on a nail to drain. If
you wish to get as much as possible
from your fruit. after most Of the juice
has drained from the pulp. 1t can be
put through sieve and the seeds and
skins removed from the pulp Sugar
can then he added and all cooked I'M
til thick. and this makes an excellent
marmalade
Place the clear juice in u kettle. add
about cupful of sugar to each quart
of juice. Some tastes like it sweeter
than others. and if the grapes are very
ripe it will require less sugar than
when they first ripen Bring quickly
to the boiling point. skim and put i'm
mediately in sterlized cans. being
careful to fill the cans slowly at first
and shake the hot juice up on to the
sides. as the cans break much more
readily than with canned fruit. Seal
quickly. and you will seldom have a
can work or mold.
a serious mistake is sometimes made
10y putting the juice into bottles SO
large that much of it becomes spoiled
before it is used after the bottles are
opened. UnferEented grape juice prop
erly made and bottled will keep in
definitely if it is not exposed to the
atmosphere or mold germs. but when
Il bottle Is once opened it should. like
canned goods. be used as soon as pos
sible TO keep 1t from spelling.
The average housewife has not learn
ed to eat canned apples. does not
know. in the majority Of cases, that
such fine gallon apples are to be OBJ
tanned and at an actual saving over
the fresh fruit. The Gamers have not
pushed this line of goods. except to
the bakers. and the wholesalers and
retailers. as usual. have done nothing
to inform the public. If gallon apples
were packed in proper fashion and
the people knew Of them in cans 1t
would take an apple crop MS large ms
the present record one every year to
supply the demand for them in cans
And there would probably he more
money in them for the Gamers than in
any of the great staple crops as now
sold.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11
r. atr -. "a &. o..


The fiM.,l.5 Wh,A v..,.r~ In. ii.
ease lives Yer "..t"I III ihr ,lI,rlcU
areas Of Lc..u Hlnl Hc.i,., III appi"
leaves. In the spin. 1t lro.luse% IN!
spores. The spores may m ..,f.c q.
by wind or by birds to the ,u,iug ana
tender foliage. where they ."rninate
readily and produce ute' tiUlis which
cndanger both fruit and leaves
The first step in the control Of apple
scab is to destroy the sources of iufec
ton. The methods by which this may
be done vary somewhat with condi
lions. If the orchard is small and can
not be cultivated the dead leaves
should be raked and burned at some
time during the late fall or early
spring. For larger orchards early
spring blowing is recommended. rs 1t
covers the leaves to such depth that
they are no longer sources Of danger.
The second step in the control Of this
disease is to protect the foliage by the
use of lime-sulphur testing % degrees
Baume at the rate Of one and half
gallons to fifty gallons Of water. The
first application should be given when
the blossom buds are beginning to sep
arate in the cluster and show a pink
color. The second should be applied
Just after the petals fall and Il third
ten days or two weeks later.
Where rainfall is plentiful fourth
spraying may prove beneficial Nj A
Willis. Idaho Station.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11
POULTRY NOTES.

Better hens, better care.
Better care. better egg yieIG.
Better egg yield, better purse.
Better purse, better farmer.
Better farmer. better hens.
If your hens are not laying these
days the one great desideratum that
will make them commence is ground
bone and meal These are rich in al
Uumen. phosphate of lime and phos-
phoric, acid. which go to make eggs
and shells.
Too much ieniency shown toward
sick fowls AID failure to remove
them from the rest Of the flock in a
hope of their ultimate recovery often
lead to the incubation of the entire
flock and the ruin of the enterprise.
Sometimes when fowl Is thick in
the mott 1t will be seen constantly
pecking at one particular place Oh its
body. This may be caused by one or
more of the new feathers failing to
PASS through the skin and causing
great irritation. If needle Is passed
under the covered end of the feather it
will enable it to be drawn above the
skin.
Do no, allow tic hens e get in the
habit of standing around all day doing
nothing. When they do this 1t Is an
indication that they are too fat. dis
eased or fed in such a manner that
they do not have to work for it. Ac-
tivity and egg laying go together. To
promote exercise a good plan is to hang
up, about three feet high IN the hen
house. pieces Of meats. sugar beets.
cabbage or turnips for them to pick at.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11
WINTER DAlRYING.
Il 10 Essential That the Cows Be Kept
Comfortable,

Comfortable.
The first essential In securing the
greatest net profits from the herd In
winter Is that the cows be kept COM
Portable. for COW must he comforta-
BILE to do her best. says Il contributor
to the Farm Progress. The stable
must be provided with some kind Of
ventilation that will give change of
air. The COW must have sufficient room
In the stable to move around or stretch
out when she lies down. She must
have plenty Of light and sunshine, with
all the pure water she will drink twice
Il day. Salt should be kept before her
at all times.
Clean and sheltered yards must also
be considered when planning for the
comfort of the dairy COW. Cows that
are compelled to stand in a muddy
yard. with the wind blowing full upon
them while they are getting their wa
ter, will receive chill that will great
~ reduce their nerve force. Then, If
they are compelled to wade in mud
and filth they cannot produce clean
milk. When the I'D. er and TANKS have
become caked with mud some of it is
sure to find its way into the milk. and
there is no strainer that will eradicate
all of it once ii gets in there.
The cows should go into their win
ter quarters in good flesh. If a COW is
in poor condition when winter comes
upon her it will take weeks of good
treatment to bring her around to where
she will be profitable, and that means
loss both of time and profits.
One must observe and practice econ
omy in feeding dairy cattle. We must
learn to realize the greatest value OF
the feed produced on the farm. We
see on many farms great amount of
roughage wasted. Cows will almost
dwindle away if they are fed exclu-
sively on straw. yet if they are given
a liberal feed Of straw every few days
they will clean it UP with a relish.
The cows can be brought through in
good condition If they are fed on clo-
yer, alfalfa or pea hay. together with
corn silage and straw as roughage
and small amount Of grain. About
three-fourths roughage and one-fourth
grain will secure good results. A
heavy grain ration may make a better
showing in the milk record. but unless
the farmer lives near good market
to dispose Of hay and dairy products
to good advantage he will have to cut
the grain bill down to secure the great
est net profit.
No two cows will handle the same
amount of grain alike. Therefore the
individual cows should be studied and
their feed proportional to their capac-
ity to handle 1t economically. The
roughage which can be grown on every
farm is the cheapest part Of the cows
ration. and the dairy COW is built to
handle large quantity Of roughage
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11
MAKING FARMING PAY.
There Are Four Factors Which Must
Be Taken Into Consideration.

There Are Four Factors Which Must
Be Taken Into Consideration.
Prepared by Minnesota experiment sta
toni
A farm management demonstration
in southwestern Minnesota showed that
the average la Dor Income of sixty-three
farms taken in order was $423. This
means that the farmer had 1923 left
for his own work above all business
expenses and 5 per cent interest on an
average investment of $4,000. In ad-
dition to the foregoing, the farmer had
his house rent and such products as
the farm furnished toward the family
living. The results given coincide
with extensive investigations in sew
eral states, which have shown that one
should endeavor to exceed the average
Of ones locality in as many Of the fol-
lowing ways as possible If profitable
farm business is desired: First, size Of
business; second crop yields per acre;
third, live stock receipts per 81 Of feed;
fourth, amount of work accomplished
per man.
In this locality the average farm had
1872 acres Of crops The yields per acre
Of the leading crops were: Corn, thirty
nine bushels; wheat, eleven bushels;
oats, thirty-five bushels. The average
receipts for 81 spent for feed were
$1.1G and the average amount of work
done per man was the raising Of 100
acres of crops and the care of q CORE
spending amount Of live stock. The
foregoing averages should not be TAX
en- as applying to any locality except
the one included in this demonstration.
There were five farmers who fell be-
low the average in each Of the four
factors. Not one of the five made as
much as a $500 labor income. OF
eighteen farmers who exceeded the
above average in but one Of the four
factors only one made $500 labor in
come. Again, eleven farmers exceed
ed the average In three Of the four
factors. Out Of the eleven there were
ten who made more than $500 labor
income. Just five farmers exceeded
the average of their neighbors in all
factors, and every one made more than
a $500 labor income.
This demonstration shows that under
the conditions prevalent in southwest
ern Minnesota in the year 1914 farm
err who can do little better than the
average of his neighbors in at least
three of the above four factors is al
most certain to make more than per
cent interest on the Investment and a
lab Dor income of over $500
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11

cubic feet Of air for each mature cow
or horse, and this should he removed
frequently.
In small barns window ventilation
sutfices very we'll. The windows may
be hinged at the bottom. allowing the
top to open inward At the sides
boards are placed. the width CORE
spending from top to bottom with the
opened distance of the window. By
this plan air Is admitted at the top and
not directly on the animals If opened
on the side away from the wind and
according to the severity Of the wealth
err, fresh air will he provided and with
out serious drafts being caused.-Amer-
lean AgriculturiSt
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11
AdaptabiIity of Sudan Grass.

Owing to the popularity of Sudan
grass many inquiries are being made
regarding its adaptability to different
sections. Sudan grass belongs to the
sorghum group. consequently its soil
and climatic demands are similar to
those Of the other members of the
sorghum group, such us cane. Katir
milo. feterita. etc.
AS Sudan grass is plant OF trOp-
ical origin, it requires abundant sun
shine and warm weather and is very
sensitive to cool nights At high alti
tudeS. where the nights are generally
"ool. il will rot do well. even when the
lays are warm and sunshiny.
1t Is a safe rule TO follow that Su.
dan grass will do we'll in all localities
whore feterita can be successfully
grown. as the demands of the two
crops are very similar
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11

mailing nests. roosts and all fixtures to
the building was bad mistake, and
there is no wonder that lice reigned
supreme.
Z. W Ware. Hammondtown, n. D..
has n novel nest method. Ordinary
boxes are used. These are so placed
that the lower box provides platform
for the upper nest. upon which the
hens can easily alight. These nests
are readily taken outdoors and thor
0ughly cleaned. The illustration gives
the idea very clearly.-Farm Journal.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11
ORCHARD AND GARDEN.

During January caulifiower. cabbage
and lettuce should be sown in the
greenhouse or conservatory. to be
transplanted later to frames for early
use.
Go over cabbage and root crops
stored in the cellar and throw out de-
cayed material. This will prevent fur
ther decay and help keep the cellar
clean.
Seeds of ANIMALS and perennials may
be sown in greenhouses and conserva-
tories now for plants for setting out
early in the spring.
Grapevines should be pruned during
January while the plants are perfectly
dormant. otherwise they will be weak
ened by bleeding.
Plants in cold frame at this season
require very little water and none
while they are in frozen state II
the frames are covered with snow the
plants will keep in fine condition.
Therefore the snow should not be re-
moved. even though 1t should cover
the frames for weeks.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11
Scientific
Farming
BURBERRY CULTURE.
Berries Thrive Best on Soils Other
wise Almost Worthless.

Prepared by United, States department Of
agriculture
Blueberries thrive best on soils which
are so acid that they are usually con-
sidered almost worthless for ordinary
agricultural purposes. Burberry cul.
ture. therefore. offers possibilities of
profit to individual landowners in dis.
tricts in which the general conditions
are especially hard and unpromising
Blueberries cannot be grown in ordi-
nary fertile soils.
Although frequently confused. espe-
cially in the south and in the middle
west. blueberries and huckleberries are
quite distinct. In New ENGLAND the
name "huckleberry" is restricted to
berries which contain ten large seeds.
with bOny coverings like minute peach
pits which crack!e between the teeth.
while the name "blueberry" is applied
to various species of berries containing
many. but very small, seeds. 1t is the
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11
Farm and
Garden
NEEDLESS LOSS BY SMUT.

The Formation Treatment at Slight
Cost a Preventive.
Recently in northwestern Minnesota
we called at local elevator. and while
there a farmer brought in a sample of
wheat. 1t was promptly rejected by
the buyer. The buyer said he could
not handle the wheat under any con-
ditions, says A. D. Wilson Of the Uni
versity farm. st. Paul.
We examined the wheat and found
the worst case Of shrinking smut we
had ever seen. Fully 10 per cent of
the sample was smut balls, and the
whole was dirty looking and foul smell
ing. At best the sample of wheat was
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11
FARM SANITATION.

= The leaders Of the national {
3 grange have suggested that q I
|: good subject for local Organiza- {
= lions to study this winter Is san 4
5 itary equipment for the farm. I
: This includes water supply, sew
i age disposal and the accompany
8 ing problems Of plumbing. No
9 better suggestion could be made. 4
E There is perhaps no single sub 4
y ject pertaining to the farm home 4
5 which Is Of more interest and 4
. which will mean more to farm 4
3 ers than this. Farmers have out I
J grown the old methods, and q 4
3 constantly increasing number in
p all parts Of the country are look 4
= ing up the questions relat ting to I
= home betterment.-Orange Judd 4
, Farmer 4
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11

ORGANIZATION FOR FARM.
ERS.

= There is now a movement IN 4
+ der way in the far west for a I
i great national organization of I
j. farmers. No one will be eligible I
e for membership except those 4
+ who depend upon farming for 4
i livelihood. The object Of the or I
i ganization will be to secure fair 4
+ laws for farmers. laws that real 4
4 ly are what they are represent 4
+ ed to be. and to have repealed I
i those passed simply to keep 4
> farmers quiet, such as the de- 4
. ,latured alcohol bill that the 4
- country was in such a Juror 4
g al'"ut few years ago. but 1
= which has proved to be n disap- 4
& pointment to those it was expect 4
= ed to benefit most. Hustling
= western farmers have this move 4
+ ment well under way, operating 4
j. in quiet manner.-New York 4
: Sun. 1
= 4
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11
Barn Window Ventilation.

Ventilation is primarily for two pur-
poses-to admit oxygen and to dilute
and remove Impurities. Fresh air in
house or barn Is therefore not fad.
It is neither luxury for humans nor
a fancy for beasts. It is lung food for
both. Every stable should supply 1900
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11
Harrow Attachment For Flows.

Narrowing sufficiently close behind
the plow when the work IS rushing
and hands are scarce is a problem.
says the Farming Business. Here IS
shown q harrow attachment for walk
ing pows and one that requires little
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1916-02-11
Make Ncst Foxes Movable.

Everything in the henhouse should
be movable-nests, roosts. dust boxes.
etc. This gives an easy chance to fight
vermin and also give the house thor
ough cleaning. The old practice of
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-04-12
THE BIGGEST SNAP

IN GOVERNMENT HILL
Dandy room cottage; furnished;
has garage and outbuildings; fenced
an around and has nice hedge In
front; full lots: cement walks; on
the Government Hll car line. This is
the biggest snap en- FL Paso at
az $4,000 Easy terms
A DANDY BOOMING HOUSE
2 rooms. completely furnished. The
best car service 10 El Paso. Rent
is reasonable Good lease. Price $40.
FOR RENT.
4 room house. Lincoln Park; $40 per
month. Garage. close In on Myrtle
Ave. S. per month.
StOrcroom, AuEelus Hotel Bldg
Mesa Ave. frontage.
WANTED
Listings Of reasonably priced bunga-
lows Must be bargains
W. Il. PAYNE.
t0i Mesa Ave. Phone 1880.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-04-12

business corner at $50, 600 100000 Of city
property consisting of>lots. cottages. etcs.
considered as first payment Long term on
balance This is from 10 20 % per cent
.Hcaper than either on the other corners
II this Intersection.
Cassidy q Neei,
4 Mills st. Phone go
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1916-04-12
For Rent-Rooms Furnished

--~r-~-r~~-"s--~~~-------
WELL furnished front room, also sleeping
porch In private family. walking distance.
Phone 20S9 K.