davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Cresco plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1913-1945, 1916-04-21
Democratic State Convention.

A delegate convention of the Demo
cratic party of Iowa is hereby called tt
meet in the City of Clinton, on Wed
nesday, May 10, 1916, at 10 o'clock a
m.
The purpose of said convention is the
filing of any vacancy in the office OF
delegate at large Of alternate delegate
at large to the National Convention OF
the Democratic party to be held at st.
Louis on the 18th day of June, 1916,
also to instruct the delegates at large
and the District delegates to said con-
vention if such is the mandate OF the
Democratic voters as expressed at the
Primary election, and for the transac-
t;on of such business as the convention
NAV deem necessary and proper.
The ratio of representation will be
one delegate from each county and one
additional delegate for each 200 voters
or major fraction thereof cast for Hon.
John T Hamilton for Governor at the
general election in 1914.
Upon such basis the counties in the
4th Congressional Dist. are entitled to
the number of delegates as set forth
below:
Cerro Gordo 6, Chickasaw 10, Clay
ton II, Fayette IL, Floyd 5, Howard Z,
Mitchell 5, Winneshiek 10.
All voters subscribing to the funda-
mental principles of Democracy are in
vited to participate in the election OF
delegates to this convention.
By order of the Democratic State
Central Committee of Iowa at meet
ing held February 2, 1916.
]. w. REYNOLDS, Chairman.
w. I. BRANAGAN, Sec'y.
Cresco plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1913-1945, 1916-04-21

New York World: Our neighbor the
Sun is manifesting great deal of i'm
pertinent curiosity to know if the Col
onel would regard war with Mexico as
"a just war;" or war with Germany as
"a just war" There is uniform rule
which the Sun can apply for itself if is
so minded. Any war in which the Col
onel involved tho country would be "a
just war;" Any war in which the
country became involved without the
active assistance and encouragement of
the Colonel would be an unjust war.
Cresco plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1913-1945, 1916-04-21
publican ranks. It now looks as If the

publican ranks. It now looks as If the
Progressives were determined to return
to the Republican party almost without
condition, although they will, of course,
secure as favorable terms as possible.
The Democratic party has been so pro-
gressive that it ought to appeal strongly
to that portion of the Progressive party
which, acting upon conviction rather
than upon personal affection for the
Progressive candidate, but the number
of recruits thus far won from the pro-
gressive republicans is not encour-
aging-in fact it is disappointing. The
reunion of these elements so bitterly
hostile to each other four years ago
illustrates anew the strength of party
ties and the difficulty Of drawing per-
manently from one of the leading parties
any considerable element of it's men,
bership.
Mans opinion of what is to be is part
wish and part environment, and l can
not claim freedom from the influence of
either wish or environment when con-
strue the prospects to favor Demo-
cratic success. Believing that the
party has earned the confidence of the
public, and should therefore receive it,
l believe Democratic success probable.
The party has done good where the Re-
publicans would have done harm, and
wherever it has failed at all, the Re
publicans have failed more signally.
Cresco plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1913-1945, 1916-04-21
Catholic Opinions.

Rev. Geo. M. Searles, c. S. p, San
Francisco, CAL: 1T is quite plain that
with regard to moral questions, the in
terests of morality will be advanced by
woman suffrage" In California wo-
men now have the right of franchise. I
Rev. John A. Ryan of st. Paul's
Seminary, st. Paul Mimi: l am in
favor of woman suffrage, because
believe that its net results would be
beneficial to the community as whole,
and to working women in particular.
Cresco plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1913-1945, 1916-04-21
Real Estate Transfers.

Ne1l Estate lHanS1efS.
The following transfers of real estate
have been filed with the County
Recorder
Hannah Wilken to Gus DeNoyelles, s
Al 2-1O it. lot 80 and 1OS it. lot 81 on
nw4 26-99-l1, 81.
VIM. H. Searles to j. N. johnson, nj
nw4 and nj sw4 nw4 and se4 nw4, S-99-
IL, $11, 200.
Louis O'Toole to j. H. Rauenhorst,
lots l, 2, 3 and and 2ft. lot 5, blk.
46, Potter's division to Elma, $4,000.
Henry Biwer to Frank Havlek, ct al. j,
ea SET, 26-98-l3, $500.
Michael Biwer, ct al, to Frank Hav-
lex, ct al, rod on line mel, 35-98.13,
81.
Mrs. B. A. Turley to G. R. Hill, ne4,
26-1O0-14, 81.
M. Y. Bawden to Gertrude Miller,
ct al, nw4, 8-99-ll, $4,000.
J. w. Mahoney to VIM. H. Kidding,
Jr., undiv. J sw4, 3O-99-13, and ea set,
25-99.14, 81.
H. C. Foulks TO SEVERN Bergeson,
lots Is, 10, 20, blk. 3, Carey's add. to
Lime Springs Station, $500.
August F. Wolf to Herman C. Erck,
lot 8, Cd lot 9, WI lot Z, Blk. Ia, Elma,
$2225.
D. H. Thomas Mayor ct al, to ]. G.
Roberts, WI 81 lot II, blk. !, Lime
Springs Station, $500.
Chas. Malek to O. ]. McHugh, ct al,
lot IL, blk. II, Cresco, 81.
R. T. St. John to H. Monholland, lot
10 and 10, blk. z, Woodland add. to
Riceville, $500.
Harrison Dennis to F. A. Brown, nj
lots and 8, blk. z, E. Riceville, $3.50.
Otto G. Peterson to Mary G. Peter
son, 81 lots and 10, and all lot II, blk.
81, Cresco, 81.
Theodore Biwer to Carl O. Rohr, lot
Is, blk. 40, Potter's div. to Elma,
$4,000.
Joseph Hogger to Geo. R. Larson,
WI ne4 ne4, Is 1OO-l4, $4,000.
Julius Roesler to Erwin Knight, Sd
sw4, 26-1OO-14, $4,000.
E. R. Thompson to S. B. Despres,
e. C. d. lot and Cd lot 2, blk. sd"
Robison's add to Elma, 81.
Jay l.. Tenant to Robert E. Conley,
undiv.. se4 and ea sw4, 2-OO-14, $4,000.
j. E. Doolittle, ct al, Exrs. to E. r.
Thompson, lot 1 and cd lot 2, blk. cd"
Robison's add. to Elma, $500.
D. ]. O'Donnell to Peter j. Kelly, Sd
ne4, 32-9s-l3, 81.
Richard Kapler to Daniel S Kapler,
e 40 acres of VIZ sw4 and W 60 acres of
ea sw4, 1891, 81.
John Burke, ct al, to E. r. bubble,
WI sell, 6-99-14, $4,000.
Thos. Donovan to E. j. Thomas
guardian, parcel on sw4 36-1O0-11, "a r
by 20 ~ 500.
: D. L. Kirk to C. F. Brady, q. C. d.
net, 1898, 81.
Hugo DIESEL to Frank Koch, e. c..
d. net and ea nwa, 25-loe-l2, 81.
C. H. Unger to Chas. E. Baum and
wife, lots 13 and IA, blk. E. Robison's
add. to Elma, $4,000.
F. D. Mead to H. F. Barnes, lot IA,
blk. l6, Baldwin's add. to Cresco, 81.
Frank Devereaux to c. H. Unger,
lots Z and 8, blk. %, Elma, $500.
James E. Boring to F. P. Ryan, 80
acres NV fir. /, l9-10O-l4, $500.
Barbara Samec, ct al, to May Hron,
nw4, 27-9s-12 and net, 28-98-12.
Andrew C. Harding to James P.
Neste, e. C. d. mel, 24-10O-14.
James P. Neste to S. Greenblatt, net
24-100-14, 81.
Della Lloyd Kirk, Exrx. to c. F.
Brady probate Deed undiv. J net, 49,
99-l3, $4,000.
Daviu j. Ferrie. Sheriff to ]. J. Nc
Dowell and wife, lot 8, blk. 2, Chester,
Ia, $1525. 70.
Cresco plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1913-1945, 1916-04-21

In the District Conrt OF 'o"aro |ooh'y'
w. H. Stafford, D,.,n,,s
All persons who claim to
S &c Se't Or SGlbSy5 'a De.
ceased, and all unknown
defendants and claim en-.
ants who claim any May Term, 1916
right. title or interest in
and to Lot number three
(3), Block nu IN berl
tWenty.nine (2s), in Ores
co, Howard County,
iowa, according to the
recorded plat thereof
To the above named defendants and to all
persons who make any claim to the premises
hereinafter described:
Yon are hereR psc Of iSe Ciark Of the Dis
trict Court in and for Howard County, Iowa,
a petition OF plaintiff in which he claims to
twenty. nine l2s), in Cresco, Howard County,
and that heretofore william Gebby or
ont leaving any heirs, and that his widow
Anna Gibby inherited and become the owner
Of all of the premises and property and that
Anna Gfbby conveyed same afterwards to
Nellie Powers and that Nellie Powers became
the full owner thereof and afte wards died
and one John w. Rice inherited rom her
niaintiff purchased from said John w. Rice
and thereby became the owner of all of said
PREMISES and that he is still the owner there
az and that no other person has any interest
therein or right or title to said premises or
TO any part thereof and asking that his title
be quieted and established against each and
Ali OF the defendants and all persons who
claim any interest in or title to said prem
Uses.
fend before noon of the second day OF the
next term of the District Court in and for
Howard County, Iowa, appointed to be held
At the Court House in Cresco, Iowa, COM
mencing on May 18th, 1916, your default will
he en. tered and decree and judgment en-
tered against you In accordance with the
ply JOHN McCOOK,
Attorney for Plaintiff.
II is hereby ordered that the foregoing or
,ginaI notice be published for four successive
Seeks In the Cresco Plain Dealer, weekly
neWapaper published in Cresco, Howard
Comfy, Iowa. the first publication thereof
to te made In the issue printed and publish
gu mated and signed ut Cresco, Iowa, April II,
isA" J. w. PLATT,
aAn Clerk Of the District Court
Cresco plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1913-1945, 1916-04-21
Ems Fer HateAinS

from High-Grade White Plymouth
Rocks. The old reliable winter layers.
Also baby chicks for sale. Write OF
phone for prices. 29tf
MRS. A. H. RUCKER, Cresco, Ia.
Cresco plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1913-1945, 1916-04-21
ORIGINAL NOTICE.

In the District Court OF Howard County,
Iowa.
w. II. Stafford,
Cresco plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1913-1945, 1916-04-21

three-fourths Of the inhabitants of the
world, and make war between the con-
tracing parties remote possibility.
On the subject of preparedness the
record of the party has not yet been
made up. The President has announced
a program and made non-partisan
appeal in its behalf. According to pres
ent prospects it can not succeed as a
party measure in the form in which he
asks it. If he succeeds in securing the
appropriations which he asks, it will in
all probability be by the aid of the Re-
publicans. The Democratic party can
not, therefore expect gratitude from
those who look upon the policy with
favor, or be held responsible for it by
those who oppose it.
1t is too early to measure the advan-
tage or disadvantage of the program to
the party, if the Democrats in Congress
secure the Presidents consent to modi-
ficotion of his program.
The the third element of uncertainty
can not be weighed until the Republican
convention or conventions have met.
If the two wings Of the Republican
party unite upon a candidate acceptable
to both, the Republican chances will be
greatly improved and it follows that the
Democratic prospects viii brighten in
proportion as there is discord in the Re-
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1916-02-26

below the lawn. He took a paddle and
setting pole from the veranda wall,
and they went down to the river, side
by side.
Needless of the protests of the scan
dalized belted kingfishers, they en-
barked on Sycamore Water.
The paddle flashed in the sunlight;
the quick river caught the blade, the
spray floated shoreward.
V.
Late in the afternoon the canoe,
heavily festooned with dripping water
lilies, moved like a shadow over the
shining sands. The tall hemlocks walled
the river with palisades unbroken; the
calm water stretched away into the
forests sombre depths, barred here
and there by dusty sunbeams.
Over them, in the highest depths of
the unclouded blue, lowered an eagle,
suspended from mid-zenith. Under
them the shadow of their craft swept
the yellow gravel.
Knee to knee, vis-a-vis, wrapped to
their souls in the enchantment of each
other, sat the entranced voyagers.
Their rods lay idle beside them; life was
serious just then for people who stood
on the threshold of separation.
81 simply shall depart this life if you
go Tomorrow" she said, looking at
him.
The unfeigned misery in his face
made her smile adorably, but she would
not permit him to touch her.
''See to what you have brought meP'
she said. ''Pm utterly unable to live
without you. And now what are going
to do with me?"
Her eyes were very tender. He caught
her hand and kissed it, and laid it
against his face.
"There is a way" he said.
ga way?"
''Shan I lead? Would you follow"
f'What do you mean?" she asked,
amused.
"There is a way" he repeated.
''That thread of brook leads to it"
He pointed off to the westward,
where through the forest a stream,
scarcely wider than the canoe, flowed
deep and silent between its mounds of
moss.
He picked up the paddle and touched
the blade to the water; the canoe swung
westward.
where are you taking me?" she
asked.
But the canoe was already in the
narrow stream, and he was laughing
recklessly, setting-pole poised to swing
round the short turns.
eff we turned back now" she said,
cit would be sunset before we reached
the club"
"What do we carer" he laughed.
Look"
Without warning, a yellow glory
broke through the trees, and the
canoe shot out into vast, flat country,
drenched with the rays of the sinking
sun.
Blue woods belted the distance; all in
front of them was deep, moist meadow
land, carpeted with thickets of wild
iris, through which the stream wound
in pools of gold.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1916-02-26

of iris. Suddenly his meaning flashed
out like a sunbeam.
'Do-do you sh-that-now?" she
faItered.
He picked up the paddle; she caught
his hand, trembling.
F'No, noP'-she whispered, with bent
head-'1 cannot; don't take me $3.50
quickly. Truly we must be mad to
think of it,
He held the paddle poised; after a
while her hand slid from the blade
and she looked up into his eyes. The
canoe moved on.
ooh, we are quite mad" she said, un-
steadily.
81 am glad we are" he said.
The mellow dipi dipI of the paddle
woke the browsing red-winged black
birds from the reeds; the gray snipe
wheeled out across the marsh In
Pickering flight.
The aged parson of FoxviIle, intent on
his bobbing cork, looked up in mild
surprise to see a canoe, heavily hung
with water-lilies, glide into his pool
and swing shoreward.
The parson of Foxville was a very
old man almost too old to fish for
trout.
Crawford led him pace aside, leav-
ing Miss Castle, somewhat frightened,
knee-deep in the purple iris.
Then the old parson came toddling to
her and took her hand, and peered at
her with his aged eyes, saying, "You
are quite mad, my child, and very lovely,
and very, very young. So 1 think, after
all, you would be much safer if you
were married.
Somebody encircled her waist; she
turned and looked into the eyes of her
lover, and still looking at him, she
laid her hands in his.
A wedding amid the iris, all gray with
the lowering, misty wings of moths
that was her fate-with the sky can
opy of fire above her, and the curlew
calling through the kindling dusk, and
the blue professional of the woods
lining the corridors of the coming night
And at last the aged parson kissed
her and shook hands with her husband
and shambled away across the meadows.
Slowly northward through the dusk
stole the canoe once more, bearing the
bride of an hour, her head on her
husbands knees. The stars came out to
watch them; a necklace of bubbles
trailed in the paddles wake, stringing
away, twlnkGng IN the starlight.
Slowly through the perfumed gloom
they glided, her warm head on his knees,
his eyes fixed on the vague water ahead.
stag crashed through the reeds
ashore; the June fawn stared with eyes
like rubies in the dark
Onward, onward, through the SPELL
bound forest; and at last the windows of
the house gimmered, reflected In the
water.
CARBIDE and Crawford awaited them
on the veranda as they came up, rising
in chilling silence, ignoring the offered
hands of greeting.
Give word to say to you," snarled
the Hon John Garcide, in his wards
ear-''and another word for your fool
of an auntP'
She shrank back against her hus-
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1916-02-26

while. At last he passed his hands over
his eyes, leaning forward and looking
into her face. GIVE simply got to be
honest with you," he said; 81 know
there is mistake"
''No, there is no mistake" she said,
bending her head and looking him in
the eyes-"unless you have made the
mistake-unless, she said, quickly
"you do not want me-"
''Want your he stammered, catching
fire of a sudden-fwant you, you beau
tiful child l love you if ever man
loved on earthI Want your" His hand
fell heavily on hers and closed. For
an instant their palms lay close to-
gether; her heart almost stopped; then
a swift flame few to her face and she
struggled to withdraw her fingers
twisted in his.
''You must not do that" she said,
breathlessly. 81 do not love you
warned your
He said: 'You must love me! Can't
you understand. You made me love
you-you made mel Listen to melt
is all a mistake-but it is too late now.
1 did not dare even think of you
l have simply got to tell you the
TRUTH did not dare think of you'll
must say it-and l can't understand
how could ever have seen you and not
loved you. But when you spoke
when touched you"
"Please, please" she said, family,
"let me gol 1t is not mistake; /
l am glad that you love me; will try
to love you. want to- believe I
can"
.1You uoustp'
ayes, will. =. Please let ne
gol"
Breathless and crimson, she fell back
into her corner, staring at him. He
dropped his arm on the back of the
rustic seat.
Presently he laughed uncertainty,
and struck his forehead with his open
hand.
cts mistake" he said; ''and if it is
a mistake, Heaven help the other manp
She watched him with curious dis
may. Never could she have believed
that the touch of a mans hand could
thrill her; never had she imagined that
the words of a man could set her heart
leaping to meet his stammered vows.
new shame set her very limbs quak-
ing as she strove to rise. The distress
in her eyes, the new fear, the pitiful
shyness, called to him for mercy.
For miracle he understood the mute
appeal, and ne took her hand in his
quietly and babe her goodnight, say
ing he would stay and smoke a while.
Goodnight" she said; 81 am really
tired. I would rather you stayed here.
Do you mind?"
"No," he said.
''Then I shall go back alone"
He watched her across the lawn.
When she had gone halfway, she looked
back and saw him standing there In the
moonlight.
And that night, as her little silver
hand-glass reflected her brilliant cheeks
she yelled her face in her bright hair
and knelt down by her bedside.
But all she could say was, '1 love
him-truly I love himp which was
one kind of prayer, after all.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1916-02-26


shoulder, and her eyes met his.
"An day together" he was saying;
and her soul leaped to meet his words,
but she could not speak.
He held her at arms length, laughing
a little troubled.
F'Mystery of mysteries" he said,
under his breath; 'there is some
blessed Heaven-directed mistake in
this. Is there, sweetheart"
"No," she said.
'And if there was?"
"Can you ask?"
"Then come to breakfast, heart of
my heartl-the moments are flying
very swiftly, and there is only this
day left-until tomorrow. Listenl
hear the steward moving like a gray
rat in the pantry. Can we endure
steward in Eden?"
"Only during breakfast" she said,
laughing. 81 smell the wheaton flap
jacks, and, oh, am famishedP'
There have been other breakfasts
Barmecide breakfasts compared with
their first crust broken in love.
But they ate-oh, indeed, they ate
everything before them, from flapjacks
to the piles of little, crisp trout. And
they might have called for more, but
there came, on tiptoe, the steward,
bowing,' presenting a telegram on
tray of silver; and Crawford's heart
stopped, and he stared at the bit of
paper as though it concealed a coiled
snake.
She, too, suddenly apprehensive, sat
rigid, the smile dying out in her eyes;
and when he finally took the envelope
and tore it open, she shivered.
Crawford, Sycamore Club:
"Ophir has consolidated with
Steel Plank. You take charge of
London office. Make arrange
ments to catch steamer leaving
a week from tomorrow. Gar
eide and 1 will be at Sycamore
tonight.
JAMES J. CRAWFORD"
He sat staring at the telegram; she,
vaguely apprehensive for the safety
of this new happiness of hers, clasped
her hands tightly in her lap and waited.
'FAny answer, sir?" asked the steward.
Crawford took the offered telegram
blank and mechanically wrote:
instructions received. VIII
expect you and CARBIDE to-
night.
JAMES CRAWFORD"
She sat, twisting her fingers on her
knees, watching him in growing appre-
hension. The steward took the tele-
gram.
Crawford looked at her with CHASTITY
smile.
They rose together, instinctively, and
walked to the porch.
''Oh yes" he said, under his breath,
''such happiness was too perfect. Magic
is magic-it never lasts"
''What is it?" she asked, family.
He picked up his cap, which was
lying on a chair.
Lets get away, somewhere" he
said "Do you mind coming with me
-alone?"
NO" she said.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1916-02-26

A deep, sweet happiness awoke her
ere the earliest robin chirped. Never
since the first pink light touched Eden
had such q rose day dawned for any
maid on earth.
She awoke in love; her enchanted
eyes Enclosed on world she had never
known.
Unashamed, she held out her arms
to the waking world and spoke her
lovers name aloud. Then the young
blood leaped in her, and her eyes were
like stars after rain.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1916-11-09
LisfOfLeffers

Remainingin the postoface at
Baxter Springs, Kansas. for the
week ending With Nov. 8, 1916,
which II not called for within two
weeks will be sent to the dead
letter Office at Washington, D. c.:
Mr.. Geo. Spencer
Mr.. G. W. Shipman
Mrs. Fred Nichols 2
Mrs. Alan Belt 4
Holiness church
J +. Jones ~
Mrs. Il. R. Dawes
L. L. Luras
Murphy & Long
w. A. Oliver
Persons calling for any of the
bove letteTswill please say"Atlyei
tised, giving date list.
chas. L. Smith, p. M.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1916-11-09

Jas. Il. Smith, who since The
News came under the present
ownership has continued to have
charge of the mechanical depart
ment, has severed his connection
With the business. Jim. is 4 fine
workman aud knows the news
paper game and We are sorry to
lose him, bat we hope and expect
to see him taking up something
better.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1916-11-09

Mr.. and Mrs. II. B. Iahn, who
recently bought Z % acre tract
adjoining the corporate limits of
Baxter on the south pave COM
pleted a very coy houee and this
week moved up FROM. Quapaw,
with the full intention Of spend.
ing the rest of their days. which
the News hopes will be numerous
in this beautiful, peaceful and
thrifty community.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1916-11-09
Sufferer From
Lndi0OSfiOn Relieved

Before taking Chamberlain's
Tablets my husband suffered for
several years from indigestion,
causing him to have pains In the
stomach and distress after eating.
Chamberlam's Tablets relieved
him Of these spells right away"
writes Mrs. Thomas Casey,
Geneva, N. Y. Obtainable every
where.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1916-11-09

Friday night a dance was
given at the Baxter Hotel parlor.
The dance was very we'll attend
ed. Miss Mahde Hodgkius decor
ated the room for the dancers.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1916-11-09

For Rent-Six rooms Of my rcs-
ideuce on Sherman street are for
rent to responsible tenants, Mrs.
E. B. Plumb. =
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1916-11-09

Rev. Mr.. Creighton Spencer
Mouusey, Archdeacon of the
Episcopal Diocese of East Kansas
will be in Baxter Springs for
morning services and Holy Com
munion Sunday morning, Mo-
vember IL at St. Marks Episco-
pal church. Everyone Is invited
and all members are urged to at
tend.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1916-11-09
eggs.

Hundreds of Kansas farmers
realized $500 per acre from flax
seed this season. You can do as
we'll next year. Write for full
information and free booklet.
Fredonia Liuseed Oil Works.
Fredonia, Kansas.