davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1916-03-01
WANTED

WANTED
Position in small family, country
preferred. Inquire of Florence Noyce,
at Frank Smith home near Thorpe
9wks1
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1916-03-01
FOR SALE.

FOR SALE.
House and lot on Howard street.
MRS. G.. H. TAYLOR,
8wks4 Iowa street
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1916-03-01
.WantAdS.

NOTICE,
Anyone wishing to sell or buy real
estate, see. M. 1. B. RICHMOND.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-14
Interior Trail Conditions.
Fairbanks, 20, cloudy, windy.

Salcha, IS, Cloudy, calm, snow in spots, trail frozen; Guy Birch N. c. wagon north at 7:3O D. m; musher north p. m.
 Richardson, 22, cloudy, calm, no snow, trail fair. Overflow on trail be- tween Birch Lake and Munson's by river tanning.
 McCarty. 2S, Cloudy, light wind, no snow, trail fair; ? Gibson cars north 6 a. m., 2 passengers; two Sheldon autos south p. m., eight passengers.
 Donnelly, 34, cloudy, calm, trail rough, north mail by 6 a. m.; Shel- don's two autos south midnight. McCallum, 23, inches of snow: showing, calm, trail fair. south mail by 12 noon yesterday; Sheldon's two double enders north p. m. yes.
 Paxson, 30, 10 inches of snow; cloudy. calm. light snow; trail heavy, |southbound mail out 6 a. m., no pas sengcrs.
 Hogan 30, inch of snow; snow ling, cloudy, trail bad N. c. freight team north a. m.
 Tonsina. 22, Cloudy, calm, trail bad; no snow. Beaver Dam, 30, 8 inches of snow; showing, windy. trail fair. Summit, 26, A inches snow; trail bad, cloudy, showing.
 Wortman's. 37, cloudy, calm, trail rough, Wilson's outfit departed north 7:3O a. m., Kinlock north at 7:30 8. m.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-14
TIDE TABLES
Wednesday Nov. 15.

"SuhNSudy -NoNs lo. First High Tide 3:52 a. m. GA. Second High Tide 2:52 D. m., so. First Low Tide 8:5S a. m., 3.9. Second High Tide 1O:O3 p. m., 70.
 Thursday, Nov. 16 First High Tide 5:5O a. m., GA. Second High Tide 3.41 p. m., 7.3. First Low Tide 9:45 a. m., AZ. Second Low Tide 10:53 p. m., 1.5
 Friday, Nov. 17.
 First High Tide 5:50 a. m., GA. Second High Tide 4:45 p. m., 6.6. First Low Tide 11:09 a. m., 4.3 Second Low Tide 11:47 p. m., 1.9.
 Saturday Nov. IS
 First High Tide 6:49 a. m., 6.7. Second Tigh Tide 6:O7 p. m. 6.1 First Low Tide 12:4S p. m., 40.
 Sunday Nov. 13
 First High Tide, 7:38 a. m., 7.2. Second High Tide, 7:34 p. m., 6.2 First Low Tide, O:43 a. m., 2.3. Second Low Tide. 2:11 p. m., 3.2
 Monday, Nov. 20.
 First High Tide, SIS a. m., 7.8 Second High Tide, S:48 p. m., 6.2 First Low Tide. 1:3S a. m., 2.5 Second Low Tide, 3:03 p. m. 2.2
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-14
FIRST Rli WOMAN
 TO COME NORTH
AMERICAN LINE 1874
Nellie Cashman, Sixty Years of Age, Was One of the Early Pioneers to Mush Into Wilds of NOrth-Was
 In North Before KlOndike Found,

SEATTLE, Nov. 13.-The first white woman to cross the American line into the Klondike, a pioneer of the Pioneers, Miss Nellie Cashman is in Seattle. A slight little woman with gray hair brushed straight back from her forehead and big hands roughened and muscular from doing the work of men along the trail and in the camps of the North, now past 60 years of age, she is as active and eager to go back to the claims sine has staken in the big koyukuk re- zion as she was in the days of "A, slip of girl fresh from Ireland.
 Nearly 20 years before the first rush to the Klondike, from which thousands returned untitled to tho name of Sourdough, Miss Cashmaa first hit the trail of the North cour- try.
 She told yesterday of trip which she made in 1S75-only one of many and any one of which would give the ordinary woman her fill of adventure for life-a seventy-seven day trip O snowshoes over 200 mics of snow and to carry medical aid to the 15O American men who were down with scurvy in the Kassaik country.
 Miss Cashman, with six men to help her, mushed out of Wrangell to their rescue and nursed them so eff ciently than not one man died. She had been few weeks on her journey when Indians brought word to town that a white woman was in danger out on the trail and that help should be sent. A detail of United States soldiers went to her rescue and found her comfortably settled in a camp ministering to the scurvy- stricken band of miners.
 "I don't think I ever knew the meaning of fear" said Miss Cash man, land I was always restless and wanted to see new and far away places.
 'I came to this country young girl from Ireland and went first to Arizona I never saw another white woman in the months that I stayed there. That was in '73. Then I went north.
 'I'm going back now for a visit in Arizona, to stay with a nephew of mine He will take me around the country in an automobile and I know he will want me to stay there, but he might as we'll try to keep the sun from rising as to try to keep me from going back to the North.'
 After here first trip into the inte- rior in "A, when Miss Cashman mushed in from Wrangell over the Stickine river route, she opened a grocery business in Dawson. which she carried along with mining inter- ests that she formed in that region. Later she entered the Fairbanks field. Then the ambition to make Il strike seized her and she followed the trail into the Koyukuk region, where she spent most of the last Il years. She reports that there are 25O0 or 5000 claims staked in that region, and that at least one thou sand claims are staked and working. It is her opinion that next year will see many big strikes in that region. |
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-14
Steamship Saihngs

Northwestern-Sailed south from
 Valdez Nov. II.
 Mariposa-Passed Juneau, north bound, Il D. m., Nov. 12. south from Valdez,
 Nov. g. Admiral Watson-Sailed from Seat
 tie for Valdez, Nov. 12. Admiral Evans-Sailed west from
 Valdez, Nov. at 3 a. m. Admiral Goodrich-Sails from Seat tie for Valdez Nov. 8.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-14

Rev. Father Shepherd was an ar rival from Anchorage on the Admi- ral Evans and expects to remain here for several days.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-14
Free But Not Cheap Advice.

All physically fit should carry life insurance. A kind of insurance for every age. Make out your for an Equitable policy today. Alaska Inv. Co.,, Agts. 2t
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-14

Private First-class Daniel E. Loder, Signal Corps, and Private Albert O. w. Taylor, 14th Inf, left this morn ing for Wortman. Taylor will be sta toned at Wortman and Loder will go through to Donnelly, making re rairs and inspecting the local tele- phones installed at the various rt houses along the trail.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-14

Private Firat-class Warren Nicho- las, Signal Corps. left last night on the Evans for Cordova where he will be stationed as messenger at the Ca ble office.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-14
Saving or Investing-Which?

By investing alone, can you make your money work for you. Let us show you our list of high-class in vestments. Both business property and homes Alaska Inv. Go. 2t
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-14
DONALDSON SCHEDULE.

There will be no trip of the launcf. on the second and fourth Fridays of each month, these days being used to clean boilers.
Valdez daily prospector., 1916-11-14

A full line of pyralin ivory at Owl Drug Go. If
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-26
hours n day behind a counter or in Q
shop where business or work Is not so
Tricked Into Taking Jobs.

Many were induced to enter the gov
rnment service because the hours are
such as would permit attending schools
in the evening to prepare for better
paying positions. 1t may be of inter-
est to the trainers of our laws that 70
induce persons to enter the govern
ment service the civil service commits
sion has been apparently compelled
TO resort TO batting methods. promising
higher salaries than could be Offered
In one of the commissions bulletins
issued February. 1913, and posted in
New York city. there was the an
nouncement stating that an examine
tion would be held to NIL positions pay
ing the usual entrance salary of $500
The writer knows of persons who
TOOK the examination and were ap-
pointed to positions in the governmeut
sefNiC" paying $500. as the commission
requested the applicants after taking
the examination to state the lowest
salary they were willing to accept, ad-
VlslnS them that the chances of APP
polntment We're better IL the applicants
asreed TO take the lower salary.
we're corporation to lengthen the
honrs OF its employees an hour a day
without extra compensation. in order
to save $4,000, 600. as the Borland rider
TO the legislative, executive and judi
cial appropriation hill proposes to do
puoic opinion would strongly condemn
IL as arbitrary and unjust. Such meas
ures have been responsible for the for
nation OF labor unions and of riotous
strikes and bloodshed in industrial his
tory. Shall the Congress of the United
states, which is enjoying unprecedenteG
prosperity. set the employers OF tn"
country an example of robbing Peter
to raII1"'
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-26
Difference in Propositions.

Assistant Secretary Newton drew at
tention to the fact that the proposed
eight-hour day for government clerks
is not parallel Of the eight hour day
for labor provided by legislation in
yielding to the demands Of labor or
CARNATIONS. II is a maximum eight
hour day provided as a labor measure.
and the laborer is allowed to work no
longer than that in any day, except
in emergency, and then must receive
not only pay for the extra hours of
labor, but that pay is at an increased
rate for overtime. The eight-hour day
proposed for the government clerk is
a minimum day; he is not to be al
lowed to work less hours in any day;
he receives no credit for extra hours
Of work in any day that will entitle
him TO extra pay or as much leisure on
any other day: II he is late at work
in the morning. or absent through the
work hours Of the day, that means
deduction from time of or from pay
There are other points Of contrast
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-26
may be resolved into these two state
ments:
Resolved to Two Points.

First. Is 1t inhuman and oppressive
to require eight-hours' service OF clerks
in certain departments of the govern
ment in Washington?
Second. If not, is it proper to con-
tinue a discrimination between clerks
in certain departments in Washington
and those in the same grade of service
elsewhere in the United States, and be-
tween clerks in certain departments IN
Washington and those in other depart
ments or branches of the government
service In the same city? If members
of Congress take the position that it is
inhuman to require eight hours of labor
as a standard day, fight must lmme-
diately be begun for a seven-hour day
uniform throughout the country.
This would repudiate in large
measure most of the arguments which
were used to secure an eight-hour day.
If members of Congress assume that
eight hours is a normal standard day,
then it is not possible to escape the
conviction that it ought to be uniform,
especially in the government service,
and it is impossible to justify accl-
dental discrimination.
This measure is, of course, meas
ure of economy, but all proper meas
ures of economy are also measures of
efficiency. To my mind economy and
efficiency are lnSeparably connected
Anything which destroys economy de-
destroys efficiency is certainly not
economy. Economy cannot be served
by rules which will produce a decrease
in efficiency.
1t is entirely proper, however, in
this connection to regard the interests
of the taxpayers of the nation, VINO
own the money in the federal Treasury
and who are entitled to insist upon the
democratic principle that taxation be
limited to the needs of the government
honestly and economically admins
tered. Nothing can be so false to the
interests OF organized labor, as well
as to the interests of all other tax
payers and loyal citizens. as discrim-
nation or the creation of privilege
fore the law is the sacred duty of
free government.
1t was with some surprise, there
fore, that | learned that the executive
committee had dignified with their for
NAL resolution "a purely admlniStra-
tive reform, opposed by certain selfish
local interests, by treating it as a
matter affecting the whole body of
labor. Unless organized labor is pre-
pared to enter upon new fight for
a universal Seven-hour day l am very
certain that 1T will not enter upon
fight to protect discrimination or class
privilege.
L would be glad to have the COM
mttee reconsider this matter, and if
they care to make another reply will
take pleasure in inserting it in the
Congressional Record, as L intend to
insert this answer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-26
Mr.. Borland Interrupts.

Representative Bor1and interrupted
him to say: The gentleman is very
much interested in civil service re-
tirement bill. because he has introduced
one Now, does he think he is aiding
the accomplishment of that purpose by
insisting upon larger number of men
doing a smaller days work: or would
not he be aiding his retirement propo-
sition for his civil service employees
throughout the country by insisting
upon a smaller number of men doing
er number of employees to deal WITH"
Mr.. Hamill answered: In other
words, the gentlemans proposition is
simply this: He thinks that by making
the plight of the clerks positively I'M
bearable Congress might be moved to
grant them a pension. 1 believe they
should receive pension. but this bene-
fit ought to be accelerated by fatrer
means than this.
Gentlemen. this proposition will
work injury to the business men of
the capital We ought to take the
business community into consideration.
because the people Of Washington are
in a special way committed to the care
of Congress. They have no represen-
tatives on this floor They have mere
ly the right to petition Congress. We
ought not, therefore. without good rea-
son. contemplate passing an act which
will work havoc among the merchants.
And there is no good reason for this
legislation. No department heads have
called for it or recommended it. 1t is
contrary to the spirit of the times.
which tends to make the working day
It is our plain duty to decisively de-
feat it
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-26
which Assistant Secretary Newton re-
fers to, but does not elaborate
Discussion of the Results
of Applying an 8-Hour Law
to Treasury Department

Information obtained today at the
Treasury Department as to proba BILE
results of the proposal to require gov
eminent employees to work eight hours
day instead of seven, as at present,
brought out a number of interesting
points. There are three clerks, for in
the United States who have been home
to supper just twice in $50 days.
While few officials will discuss
formally the situation, not having eX-
act statistics of public service to show
the conditions. nevertheless nearly all
as having no one to champion his or
her cause.
The criticisms of the government
clerk are regarded as based on wrong
premises. 1t is pointed out that the
government clerk has occa sionally
been charged with working the gov
eminent on sick leave, whereas Treas
ury records show that the average
sick leave of men is less than five days
a year. and eight days for women
Nearly every official pays tribute and
expresses appreciation of the willing
service given. especially when extra
duty is required. The unwilling. it is
broadly estimated, form less than l
per cent of the entire force.
Suggestion of Equalization.
1t is suggested an eight-hour work
day would be acceptable if provision
were made for a maximum time limit
and pay for all time over eight hours.
The government clerks have no union
to defend their interests. and in Wash
ington, no vote to make those interests
matter of political power ana IN
fuence in their general behalf.
Another point made is that field
services outside of Washington have
working advantages that are not &C
corded to those employed in Washing-
ton. For instance, one OF the SUBJ
treasures opens at 10 o'clock and closes
at o'clock; while other subtreasurles
approximate similar work day periods.
Also, there is a Saturday nalf holiday
for them throughout the year. BESIDES
they obtain all the national and state
HOLIDAYS decreed IN their communities.
Another contrast with the held serV-
ice is in the matter of personal l1ber-
ties accorded. Employees of the field
service are not pinned down to exact
hours of labor; their luncheon hour is
extended in many instances to meet
nersonal conveniences, and there are
other points of contrast to the dlsad-
vantage of the Washington employe of
the government pinned down to desk
for certain hours.
How far an eight-hour workday
wonId affect many of the clerks is
another consideration. In many bu-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-26
AGAINST BORLAND PLAN e
Opposition of House Republican
However, Appears Unorganized.

Sentiment against the Borland pr
vision for an added hours labor wit
out an increase of pay for governmor
clerks was noticeable on the republ
can side of the House today: but the
is no organized movement afoot to Dc
feat the provision. and the members G.
the appropriations committee belize
the House will pass the legislative b.
with the eight-hour provision intact
Representative Stafford of Milwau
kee. a republican member of the con-,
mittee, will endeavor to work into III,
bill the amendment giving a Saturda
half holiday all the year round to gov
eminent clerks, but will support ii,
Borland provision
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-26

step. 1t is step Of retrogression. In
private business the tendency has been
to shorten hours Of labor and to in
crease wages. The government now
proposes to lengthen the hours of labor
and. except in some instances, to leave
wages stationary. The compensation
the clerks now receive was fixed in
1857, and although private employers
have increased their pay schedules to
enable the employees to cope with the
high cost of living. the government has
in this respect done practically moth
ing. The government should set the
example of ameliorating the condition
of the workmen rather than that of
making it more burdensome.
There is another idea I would like
to inject into this discussion. 1t is
the question Of pensions. The depart.
ments today are filled with faithful
men. many of whom have reached the
period of approximation. These men
ought to be pensioned. and this civil
service retirement pension should have
been enacted years aso. You will find,
as a matter of fact. that this provision.
if it were to go into operation. would
make the administration of the gov
eminent more difficult
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-26
Secretary Wilson Is Silent.

Secretary Wilson of the DEPARTING:
of Labor would not make any CONNIE u
whatever on the proposed Borlau,
amendment increasing the hours d
labor of government clerks from seve.
to eight hours.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-26

Especially true OF man CAcThS
Any change in the existing conditions
would affect the unpensioned aged en-
p1oye.
Average More Than Eight Hours.
In the federal reserve board. which
is not a government office. but which
would be likely to adopt the govern
ment labor Standardization. all Of the
clerks, since the board was organized.
have averaged more than eight hours
Il day.
coast guard averages more than eight
hours a day. The employees of the
office of the chief clerk of the Treasury
Department probably regard nine hours
short days work. In the internal
revenue bureau there is much eXaction
of overtime.
Of this there is no official record.
Unless clerk is in the building after
o'clock, as there is no pay given for
extra work, there is no note made of it.
After that hour the chief of the watch
keeps a memorandum, but for other
purposes than the benefit of the clerk
Should he or she be late, however. the
time Is kept, and charge made tor
the time lost.
An Additional Burden, Is Claim.
In the interest of those who now
put in more than eight hours a day
working for the government. the plea
is made that the work day may not
begin earlier than at present. The sug-
gestion is that to begin work at $3.50
o'clock or anv hour earlier than the
present 3 o'clock time to begin the
days labor, would add just that much
more to the burden of those who are
already bearing more than their share
of the burden Of government work.
Instead of getting away earlier IN
view of beginning work earlier, those
who put in long hours anticipate that
they would be kept on the job to the
same hour of the day at which 1t IS
now their privilege to quit work
Quitting time for many clerks who
regularly perform long days work
is largely dependent upon the conven-
fence of their superiors. Half-past B
and o'clock. making a getaway in
time for o'clock dinner, is ia
vorite hour with some officials AS they
also put in many hours in a day it is
probable that there would be no break
in this practice of ending a days work
in time for dinner. To get down any
earlier, for clerks dependent upon this
practice for release from labor. would
mean for them just so much extra time
for work.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-26
Abolishes Discrimination.

Abol1SheS D1ScTimlna ton.
The change proposed by the present
legislation does not rise to the dignity
of principle Except SO far as ii abol-
ishes the accidental privilege of dis
elimination It's, in fact, in line. with
the tendency of legislation for some
years past. The most active opposi-
tfon to the proposed change comes from
the mercantile interests of the CITY of
washington These interests, with the
real estate and banking interests allied
herewith. and the newspa pers who
subsist upon their advertising patron
age. have local influence at the seat
of the government which is wide
spread, powerful and insidious.
1T has not been SO very long ago
since these same mercantile interests
and department store proprietors were
protesting vigorously to Congress
against the enactment of an eight
hour day for workingwon1en in private
employ In the District Of Colum bia, and
they are even now protesting that this
law Is an unrea sonable burden upon
them financially. Every newspaper
article which has appeared upon the
pending legislation has set forth the
interests of the mercantile class. Their
interests naturally lie IN the direction
OF having the largest number of people
employed by the government at less
than full days time, but regulate
their private employment along lines
OF the smallest number of people for
the longest working hours.
While ] can understand clearly the
attitude of the mercantile interests 1
cannot agree that they should have any
influence as against the interest of the
taxpayers of the nation. who under any
form of government and under any
form of taxation must pay the expense
of the operations of the government
The interests Of the local merchants
RESPECTS n
the interests of the taxpayers Of
the country and have proved in most
instances antagonistic to the interests
OF organized labor.
Neither is the question of adequate
compensation involved in this PROPOSE
tion. If government salaries are not
adequate that does not justify less
than a full days work. In fact, the
readjustment of salaries, IL IL be need
ed. Will not be advanced, but materially
retarded by the employment of a large
number of people working less than a
normal day Incidentally other bur
dens and expenses upon the federal
treasury are involved in this matter.
IT takes more floor space, more desk
room and consequently larger rent
toll In the District of Columbia to house
g. large number of people to do the
same amount of work, than a smaller
number of people working a full day.
The rent which the government pa VS.
OF Columbia is a great and growing
item. and in this respect also the in
terests Of the landed class lie upon
one side. and the interests Of the tax
payers of the nation upon the other
"As your letter Is based purely upon
the proposition that 1t is inhuman and
improper for the federal government
to require excessive hours Of labor
upon which question you and I are
absolutely in accord. the whole thing