davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1916-01-01

road level will usually receive the most
damage. however initiation. weight Of
car, Gambler OF front wheels. tread
widths and other things all have a bear
ing on the extent of side abrasion.
The side walls of a tire must he
flexible in order to properly distribute
the strains, give resilency minimize
heat. prevent sharp bending of fabric,
breaking and separation. Therefore, II
is desirable that the rubber on the side
walls he elastic and not too dense or
firm: the same hard. wear-resistinE
rubber used on the tread Is not suitable
for covering the side walls. The DIFF
ference in materials and adaptability
for tires may he compared with auto
mobile and ma chincry parts-some ma
terials are required to possess great
strength and some are selected for
other qualities.
1t is possible. under very severe con
ditions to wear through the side wall
rubber in n very short time, but ordi-
nariy the wear indicates neglect, ,r
It Is necessary TO drive occasionally
over bad roads. reverse the tires. l. e.,
place the worn side toward the car,
Vulcanize rubber over the most worn
parts. to protect the fabric from mois-
ture and disintegration. and II will be
found that the normal service from
tho tires will not be greatly affected
Effects From Oil AMI Grease.
1t is pretty generally known that
PaSOlPnP, ETPaSt, OIl anu oAiINi ih'Ny
substances are solvents Of rubber.
Oiled parkways and roads are not par
ticularly harmful especially after the
oil has soaked into the roadway.
II garage floors are not kept clean and
the tires stand in pool OF oil, the
treads soften and the traction strains In
service stretches the rubber in a waNy
outline, eventually causing II to sep
aratc from the fabric body underneath.
Probably the most damage is expert
cnced from grease, in diferential hous-
ing, working out into the brake drums
and then onto the side walls OF the
tires. This may result from loose bear
ings. too much grease, or from using
grease not suitable for dinerental.
Grease and oil can be very easily re-
moved by rag saturated with Gaso-
lenc Gasolene. although a solvent.
evaporates quickly. and, II applied in
small quantities. will not, therefore.
cause any injury when used as a
cleansing agent. Ordinary injuries TO
the rubber cover do not prevent success
ful repairs. but not often can the work
be we'll done when materials have been
affected by oil or grease. II either
,, will invariably blister during vulcaniza-
tiOn.
1t is recommended that when either
the tread or side walls show a soften
ing effect from oil or grease. the tire
be reversed on the wheel. /. .. the da m
aged side wall changed to the outside.
This will usually protect the side wall
from further accumulation OF grease
the change will also rest the tread and
, fabric of the tire by reversing the di-
rcCtion OF the traction strains.
CTho next and last article by MIR.
Haas will deal with Neglected Cuts,
| Anti-Skid Devices. and Fabric Rup-
! lures"
The Washington times., 1916-01-01
Railroad Rates Go Up.

JEFFERSON CITY. Mo. Jan LIN
creased TRANSFORMATION rates became ef-
fcCtivc in Missouri today Passenger
rates were increased Approximately ner
cent. The increa ses were allowed nv tho
Missouri public service commission after
nearly n years consideration OF the
application.
The Washington times., 1916-01-01
Holds 1t Is Not Illegal
To Admonish a Wife

TRENTON, y. j.. Jan. 1.-Vice Cham
color BaCkes has ruled that reasonable
admCnishment Of wife is not illegal
Mrs. Esther Goldberg brought suit for
maintenance from her husband. Simon
uuarreled frequently because Mrs. Cold
berg wanted to handle the receipts of
the saloon. The court held that there
seemed to be justification for Goldberg's g
treatment OF the woman and dismissed
the case
The Washington times., 1916-01-01
Capital Leads Way In
Street Tree Planting
Civic Association Expert Points to City as Model.
National Highway System and Beautifying
Rural Commun tiles Advocated

Washington was held up as model
for tree planting in streets before the
American Civic Association by Prof.
Henry r. Francis. Of the New York
State College of Forestry.
The city of Washington has good
shade trees. because the entire city ha S
developed according to a well-defined
plan" he said. provisions are made
for trees as an element in the civic art
of the city. In a like manner We must
approach every tree planting proposition
from a landscape standpoint"
Proper treatment OF tracts given to
small cities by wealthy persons also was
urged by Prof. Francis. He pointed to
landscape improvements OF rural road
sides as the best opportunity to spread
the essentials Of effective city planning
to country districts.
Advocates Federal Highways.
Construction by tho Federal Govern
ment of system OF highway trunk
units. connecting all major cities and
forming network Of good road.
throughout the country, was advocated
by CYRUS Kehr of Knoxville, Tenn. in
an address on "A National System Of
Highways" Development of such A
system. saId MT. Nenr, would meet
civil, military. commercial, and recrea =
tional needs. He characterized the
project as city planning expanded to
the extent OF nation planning"
Mr.. Kehr suggested a system Of Iogica'
communicating roads as auXiIiaries to the
system OF major roads. All persons who
wish roads constructed for special DUR
poses. or along routes Of historical in.
terest must be disregarded he said.
Road units. in the nlam outlined BY
Mr.. kehr. are 10 be named according
10 terminal cities. such as the Wash.
ington- Baltimore Unit" sections com.
posed of several such units. he sug.
Gcsted, might be known as routes such
as the "Washington-Atlanta Route"
Would Beautify Farms.
Rural planning that shall extend the
beauty of urban communities to rura
districts was the plea Of Prof Frank A
Waugh. Of the Massachusetts Agricul.
tural College The country has beer
largely neglected. hC said. and allowed
to grow up i'm the same haphaZard fash,
ion that characterized cities before city
planning became an exact science.
The country has lust as good right
to be ulanned as tho city" he said
Some ethinE over half the people Of tho
United States still live in the country
Moreover. there arc sound reasons fOI
thinking that. Just ~ the present time
IN" general veal of society is more con,
CcrnCd in the salvation Of tn" country
than in the ncNt mprOVemCnts of tho
city"
\ common erroneous assumption. thu
~pcak kcr said. is that the country dis
triCts embrace no public property II,
nointcd to roads. school houses come
tories and church wards, and said that
country parks and plaVGrounds must EC
aC,uired.
No Thought 10 Roads.
streets have been relocated In ct "s
at great cXpensc." he said. In the
country there has hccn little or ~
thought tn the intelligent location 0f
The Washington times., 1916-01-01
Comet to Circle Sun.

CAMBRIDGE. Mass. Jan. Taylor =
comet. discovered carly in the month
and visible through small telescopes in
tn" northwestern skies. will make it's
passage around the sun on January 2s,
according to calculations received at
the Harvard Observatory yesterday
from Prof a G. I.cuschncr director OF
the students observatory, at Berkeley,
Cal
The Washington times., 1916-01-01
North Capitol Bank
Distributes Dividends

The North Capitol Savings Bank has
declared its usual scmi-annual dividend
Of ? per cent and has mailed to the
stockholders checks for the various
amounts
Greetings for A prosperous New Year
have also been extended to the hundreds
Of patrons Of tn bank by the president,
IN u. ID. Mulcahy and other officers
Of tho institution.
The Washington times., 1916-01-01
MYSTERY MACHINE
WILL Be EXHIBITED
Great Secrecy Maintained As to
Manufacturers of Car Called
"The Unit"

For long periods last summer the
gates OF at least one OF Americas great
speedways were closed while technical
engineers were conducting tests of n
motor car. No one could get inside the
walls of this speedway unless he carried
pass signed by the secretary and
countersigned by tho president OF the
association owning the track. No one
knew who secured the use Of the plant.
No mention ever was made of the names
Of the lcssees.
A week ago a "blind' announcement
appeared through the country warning
the motor buying public to be on the
lookout for a sensational new car on the
day of the opening of the first Of this
series of national automobile shows at
the Grand Central Palace and Madison
Square Garden, New York The car
was referred to as simply The Unit
Car
The Washington times., 1916-01-01
Chinese Teacher Speaks
Before Missionary Union

The missionary class Of the Woman's
Interdenominationa Missionary Union
met yesterday in the Public Library
William Wenao Chung. prominent
Chinese educator and missionary, ad-
dressed the class on "China." Others
who made short addresses were Mrs.
Wilbur +. Hrafs, Mrs. Grace Wood
burn, Miss \. :. Van IIaaGen and Mrs.
\. A. Charles.
The Washington times., 1916-01-01
Kansas City Out of Debt.

TOPEKA. Kan, Jan. 1.-Eansas got
out of debt TODAY. State Treasurer Earl
Akers took M the last outstanding
bonds. totalinG sl59.ooo To properly ceIe-
brete the event. AkCrs has suggested
issuance of S25, 10000 in bonds for good
roads
The Washington times., 1916-01-01
Shipp Goes to Pittsburgh

PITTSBURGH. Jan. 1.-Frcde-ick r.
Shirp. executive secretary Of the intcr-
national committee Of the Y. NJ e. A..
TO-DAY became general secretary OF the
Pittsburgh Y. NJ. c. A.
The Washington times., 1916-01-01
Report of En- giueers.

The report OF the engineers. which is
almost identical with claims of the uni
dentihed manufacturers OF the new car.
is said to embrace the results of the tests
on the speedway and on the free roads
rs we'll they are as follows:
The motor was driven by a man who
never had been behind the steering
wheel of a car running at a speed OF
moro than thirty-five miles an hour.
On either the smooth surface of the
speedway or on the road 1t was possible
TO run from ten to fifty miles an hour
i'm eighteen seconds. The throttle was
pushed open and the speedometcr regis
tered siXty-fivc miles an hour where 1t
WAS deemed unsafe to increase the
speed with the car in the hands of other
than profc csSional drivers.S At no time
during the speed and accelcration tests
was there the least evidence Of laborlng
displayed by the motor.
AT different rates of speed the brakes
were applied. 1t was made "A matter
Of special mention that no skidding was
apparent following their application. be
cause the brakes were perfectly equal
iZca
The Washington times., 1916-01-01
Roller Skating cGEiInt cGNrnt, "

Penns. Ave. A. NiHth st y W
Daily 10 40 TO u so 20 10 --; 10 10 70 10
AMERICAS Largest and Finest skating Arena.
The Washington times., 1916-01-01
Filtration With Death.

What must have been a iiirtatioT with
death was a unique test to ascertain The
stability Of the car. Driving forty-tive
miles an hour. right-angled turn was
approached. There was no diminutiOn
i'm the spced. II was literally thrown
around tho curve. 1t was made "A mat
ter Of record that there was no perCepti-
bic throw to the tonn"au and that the
car held the road perfectly. Following
tho para graph which concerned the sta
bllitv OF In" car the engineers sub
sCrih"d note giving due credit to the
spring suspension. II was called "a
system which makes il impossible 10
swirc tn" car from line perpendicular
to the wheels. and which only permits
vertical motion.
When the test was concluded II was
found that the speodometer registered
more than 500 miles and no mechan.
iCal al iustm.nts had been made.
The Washington times., 1916-01-01
No Thought 10 Roads.

streets have been relocated I'm "d rs
at great expense he said. In the
country there has hecn little or 10
thought tn the intelligent location Of
roads for public service. Ia Ihs Eastern
The Washington times., 1916-01-01
DANCING

MRS. COBB 100 EYE 81. \ "
Phone Main 2S42. Lessons In day or evening
Assembly Dances Every Monday ENcning
The Lemmon herald. (Lemmon, Perkins County, S.D.) 1912-1917, 1916-12-06

the commission may dayote It's ener-
eies to its administrative functions.
With the commission thus relieved
Of some of its present duties and equip
red to handle its business more prompt
IN, the railroads will urge that the pc
riod during which the commission may
now suspend proposed increases In
rates be reduced from ten months to
10 days, with provision for reparation
to be paid to the shippers II the ad-
vance shall be declared unrea sonable.
They will also ask that the commits
sion be given the power to prescribe
minimum rs well as maximum rates
so that in meeting complaints OF dis
elimination the commission may order
the advance Of rate which 1t consid
ers too low.
One of the most important recon-
mendations for which the railroads
will ask favorable consideration Is
that the commission be specifically
authorized to take into account In
rate regulation the effect OF rates
upon total earnings in the light Of ex-
penses.
While the Newlands Committee is
required. under the resolution Great
Ing IT. to submit report by January
next. 1t is not anticipated that the
Committee will have come anywhere
near completing its labors then.
The Lemmon herald. (Lemmon, Perkins County, S.D.) 1912-1917, 1916-12-06

ers, representatives OF commercial or
ganizations, railway executives. econo-
mists and others to appear before them.
The first to he heard are railroad
commissioners of various states who
began their evidence today. Their
testimony is directed chiedy to oppos-
ing any enlargement OF the federal
authority over commerce that would
detract from the powers now exercised
by state bodies. They will be followed
shortly by officials Of railway labor
organizations who are expected to reg
lister their opposition to the increase
OF governmental authority over wages
and conditions Of labor.
Chief interest In the hearings cen
ters In the proposals that will he put
forward by representatives Of the rail
roads. for 1t Is reported that they viii
advocate an extension OF federal au
thority over rates and securities to the
practical exclusion OF state control of
these matters. 1t is understood also that
they will go on record In favor of fed.
eral incorporation of all railroad lines.
Legislative Program Of Railroads.
From an authoritative source Is oh
tained the following outline Of the leg
islatiye program which the railroads
will ask the committee to consider I'm
Its investigation: They will endeavor
to demonstrate to the commission that
one Of the principal defects in the pres
ent system Of railroad regulation is
the lack OF coordination resulting from
the Simultaneous and conflicting regu-
lation by the federal government and
by the As states. They will, therefore.
Of the rates and practices Of interstate
carriers. except purely local matters
be placed In the hands Of federal
body so that interstate traffic may be
regulated without reference to state
lines. leaving TO tle state commissions
jurisdiction only over local matters and
local public utilities. As a part Of this
plan, a compulsory system Of federal
incorporation Is to be recommended
accompanied by federal supervision Of
railroad stock and bond issues.
A reorganization OF the Interstate
Commerce Commission will be asked
In order to enable the commission prop
erly to exercise its increased powers.
1t Is also proposed that the preparation
and prosecution Of cases against the
railroads shall be delegated to some
other agency OF the government, posi-
bly, the Department Of Justice. so that
The Lemmon herald. (Lemmon, Perkins County, S.D.) 1912-1917, 1916-12-06
CONGRESSIONAL
Committee BEGINS
RAILWAY INQUIRY
Proposed BY President to Bet-
Ter Condition Of Carriers.
MAY CHANGE PRESENT SYSTEM
officials Of Roads Prepared to Advocate
Federal Incorporation, Supervision OF
Securities and Extension Of Authority
Of Interstate Commerce Commission.

Washington. Nov. 2O.-Ten members
Of Congress, five Senator'S and hve
members of the House of Representa-
tyes. began here today an inquiry Into
the subject of public control and su-
pervislon OF railroads that may lead to
the revolutionizing OF the whole scheme
Of governmental regulation Of the coun-
try's transportation lines. Incidentally
the committee il TO look into the ques-
ton Of government ownership OF rail-
ways, telephone and telegraph lines
and express companies.
The members OF the committee
which will conduct this important In
yestigation are Senator Newlands OF
Nevada. chairman: Senators Robinson
Of Arkansas, Underwood Of Alabama,
CumEins of Iowa and Brandegee Of
Connecticut, and Representatives Ad-
ams0n Of Georgia, Sims OF Tennessee,
Cullop Of Indiana Esch Of Wisconsin
and Hamilton Of Michigan. The in
quiry was recommended by President
Wilson In his message to Congress In
december Of last year. He described
as Its purpose to determine what could
be done "for bettering the conditions
under which the railroads are operated
and for making them more useful serv-
ants OF the country as q whole"
Prominent Men a. Witnesses.
IN order to obtain the views of all
interests affected by the operations OF
Tue transportation lines the committee
mas invited prominent shippers, bank
The Lemmon herald. (Lemmon, Perkins County, S.D.) 1912-1917, 1916-12-06

full speed to meet the opportunity
open TO supply china for ordinary use,
They have improved their patterns.
You VIII find In your rounds sets made
In the east aud middle west dispia wing
attractive patterns, conservative and In
good color. The supply OF hand dec.
Grated china, studio made, is on the
increase, with assurance OF welcome.
Pictured Is a convenient white linen
bag, embroidered with butterflies and
scallops In kings blue. TO hang on the
buffers pantry door and hold soiled
napkins till wash day.
The Lemmon herald. (Lemmon, Perkins County, S.D.) 1912-1917, 1916-12-06
Democrats Favor Mrs. George Bass
for Postmistreos

Chicago, Nov. 20-Mrs. George Bass
may be appointed postmistress of Chi
cago II is known that her name is
being favorably considered in Demo
cratic circles in Illinois and that II is
likely to be presented to President
Wilson as an ideal settlement of the
vexed Chicago sinuation that has been
hanging fire for four years.
The work that Mrs. Bass has per.
formed as director general of the wo
mans organization at Western Demo
cratic headquarters during the cam
paign is deemed likely to have great
weight
The Lemmon herald. (Lemmon, Perkins County, S.D.) 1912-1917, 1916-12-06

Then comes china beautiful odd
pieces for fruit or entrees, delightful
cups and saucers. ramekins and plat
ters, The chocolate set pictured In Of
fine china decorated with Japanese
pattern In oriental blue. 80 cozy for
winter afternoons and Sunday night
suprers. The moderately priced for
eign sets and pieces are lacking. Amer.
The Lemmon herald. (Lemmon, Perkins County, S.D.) 1912-1917, 1916-12-06
new POLICY NEEDED
IN GOVERN mENT
RAILWAY CONTROL
He|pfu|ness and encouragement
Urged BY Alfred ?. Thom.
CREDIT MUST Be IMPROVED
Increase Of Transportation Facilities
Necessary TO Secure Relief From
High Cost Of Living May Thus Be
Provided For by the Railroads.

Washington. Nov. 2S.--A new policy
OK government railroad regulation,
based on constructive principles oe
he,pfuluess and encouragement instead
OF upon principles OF repression and
punishment, was urged by Alfred l..
Thorn, counsel for the Railway Execu-
tiye> Advisory ,cc,amittee, the first
witness on behalf Of the railroads be-
fore the Newlands Joint Committee on
Interstate Commerce, which has insti-
tnted general inquiry into the prob
lens of railroad regulation.
1T Is proposed by the Joint resolu-
tion OF Congress-" said Mr.. Thorn. "to
60 into a comprehensive study of the
whole subject Of transportation. to
make new assessment. after % years
Of experiment, Of its history. its pres
ent conditions and its future needs.
The railroads accept the view that reg
uIatlon is permanent and enduring
part Of government In America and
that the tirst duty Of the carriers Is To
the public. That duty Is to afford
reasonable facilities on reasonable
terms and at reasonable rates. and this
must he done before any private inter
estS can be considered"
Certainty, Safety and Suffieiency.
Nr Thorn contended that the real In
tcre>t IF the public is In being assured
Of certainty, safety and sufiiciency of
transportation facilities. rather than In
rates. The first consideration OF the
public is 10 obtain transportation facili-
tics What the cost is is in reality a
second consideration, he said
Mr Thorn proposed an increase OF
transportation facilities as method
ot ,crnring relief from the high cost
ot living. There have been less than
lmu miles Of new railroad construct
cl ia the United States during the past
year. he said, less than Ia any year
since ls4s, except the period of the
Civil War. and yet the cost Of living Is
daily advancing owing to Il shortage Of
supplies which might be remedied by
securing access to new areas OF pro
daction.
The Lemmon herald. (Lemmon, Perkins County, S.D.) 1912-1917, 1916-12-06
When Christmas Comes.

While passing days are short and cold and
drear
While nights are long. the longest OF the
year.
While cruel winter solstice rsigns supreme
Ger earth and air. Ger field and wood and
stream.
Glad Christmas comes with glowing heart
OF cheer,
The brightest, brayest dav OF all the year.
Ladder Ho.s.- Journal.
The Lemmon herald. (Lemmon, Perkins County, S.D.) 1912-1917, 1916-12-06
Credit Must Be improved.

This leads to the consideration as to
whether railroad credit is as good as
the public interest requires. 1t is i'm
to supply the necessary new facilities
from current revenue. They must be
provided from credit. Investors can
not be coerced, but must be attracted"
Among the conditions affecting rail-
road credit which deter investors he
mentioned the following:
First, Railroad revenues are not
controlled by investors. but are fixed
and limited by governmental authority
and not by one but by several govern
mental authorities, which do not recog-
nize responsibility for assured results
to investors and are uncoordinated.
Second, Railroads cannot control
and the government cannot and does
not limit the expense account.
Third, The present system Of regu-
.ation is based on q policy OF regulation
and correction and not on a policy of
helpfulness and encouragement.
Fourth. The outstanding obligations
If the railroads have already exceeded
the financial rule OF safety and involve
disproportionate amount OF obhga-
tons bearing fixed charges.
Fifth, The investor must accept a
subordinate obligation or security with
no assurance Of q surplus OF earnings
10 support It,
Sixth. Other competitive lines Of IN
vestment present superior attractions.
Seventh, The railroad business Is
largely controlled by political instead
Of business considerations.
Look Forward. Not Back.
I'VE may debate about what has
caused the present conditions" said
Mr.. Thorn, but we cannot debate about
what the people need. The President
mas taken the view that We must look
forward in this matter and make
fresh assessment OF circumstances In
order TO deal helpfully and intelligent.
~ with the problem. Abuses are
40 more prevalent in the railroad buei-
ness today than in any other business
Aumanely conducted. The great ques-
ion now is whether the existing sys
en Of regulation gives the public re
able assurance OF sufficient present
md future railroad facilities
Those who oppose any change must
make their appeal on the ground that
he present systems assure the public
# the continued adequacy Of trans
portation facilities. II they do not. no
argument based on the desira bility Of
The present dual system Of regulation
win be accepted by public judgment
The question OF states rights is not
involved II the regulation Of transpor.
ration facilities privately owned should
fail government ownership must 10.
low, and then al power Of the states
over the railroads would disappear.
Let us debate this question, then.
not upon any mere theory or jealousy
as to the Aisss4tut1sn - governmental
power. but upsn - loeuo issue -
what the putlte ln4~u4 1nppires r.
respect of - a 1ooaG10
x.--a~aa-.. .~s.7 Szsszz' z