davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21
THE WAR PRIMER By National Geographic Society

koveI-The National Geographic SCciety's war geography bulletin on koTel, issued today in Washington, shows why this town in the Russian province of VCIhynia is of such great value to the Czar's forces. The bu- letin says:
 "KoveI, a town of 30,0O0 people at the beginning of tAe war, owes it's immense strategic importance to the fact that it is the junction point for railroads which radiate, like the sp0lIes from the hub of a wheel, in five directions To the northwest, 77 miles distant, is the strongly fortified city of BreSt-LitoVsk, over whose posses sion there was a terrific struggle when the Germans were folding the Rus sians- back through Poland after the first SIaV dTIVe early in the war. To the southeast. S4 miles away, is Royno. a fortress with a population of 10000 at the outbreak of the war and at that time the headquarters of the 11th Rus sian army corps. Lublin, with 65, 900 inhabitants, is 100 miles due west, on the railroad running to Warsaw, 209 miles away. Then to the south is Vladimir VolynSki, 35 miles distant, and to the eest runs the line which passes through Sarni on it's way to Kiev.
 In addition to these railway con- nections, Kovel, is situated on the banks of the Turiya, one of the trib- utaries of the Pripet River, whose ex- tensive marshes lie to the north where forests cover the land. In the neigh bOrhOOd of Kovel, however, agriculture is well developed and at the beginning of the war fully One-fOurth of the land contiguous to the city was devoted to the production of cereal crops. The peasant farmers in the district of which Kovel is the capital, like those of Volhynia generally, are more for inmate than thp f0 f the Russian provinces, for here they If the Russians continue their ad- in the vicinity of the famous battle the banks of the Bug and 10 miles south of DorOchUSlz, a town on the Dublin-KOvel railroad. It was here that Kosciusko, at the head of 4000 men with 10 cannOns, offered a heroic resistance to 1S,000 Russians with 60 guns. After holding the superior force in check for five days, the hero Of DubienSka retired unmoIested to Warsaw. This brilliant achievement tok place just nine years after grateful American Congress had offer ed its public thanks to this Polish artillery officer, conferred upon him the rank of @ brigadier general, ex- tended him the privileges of American citizenship, and given him landed es- tsades in appreciation of his dis t1ngulshed services to this country as adJutant to General Washington dur ing g=the =ReYolut4o onaEyf war;
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21
What German Prisoners ssv

Letters, diaries and orders taken from prisoners in the British offensive contain enlighteniug news of the state of affairs among the Germans. One Of the prisoners whom the Associated Press correspondent saw complained of the poor, undisCiplined material" III the drafts sent forward to fill the gaps in the regiments.
 General VOn Stein's captured report of an inspection of German second line about the middle of June com plains that the trenches were full of water and generally in a bad cOndi- ton, with dUgOUts insufficient in num- Der; condemns the troops in that sec tor as "a, worthless lot of idIers,'' and insists upon immediate imprOVement.
 One set question which the C0rre- spCndent always asks of a German who has fought on the eastern front is: (Which front do you like better?'' Without a, single exception the answer has been: The Eastern. It is easy over there"
 As one Of them said, this expresses tho universal opinion. They tell of how they walk about the trenches in the east, showing their heads with inn punity, which would mean death here. They dwell upon the greatly superior volume of artillery fire, the unrelaxing vigilance required, the superiority of the Notifications and the need of a ratio of five men to one on the west ern front for the same number of miles on the eastern.
 A copy of Q speech which the Ger man ennp perOr made to the third guard infantry division when it was sent to the western front is among the docu- ments captured The emperor warns the guard:
 "The foe fights differently over here. He is tougher, more resisting, more adrOit, more versatile"
 Frequent expressions of bitterness are made against the Austrians for their defeat in Galicta. One of the officers in his diary refers to the Aus trians as "a slack, degenerate crowd"
 Two different letters mention the recent allied air raid over Karlsruhe,
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21
Stories of the War
The sheIIina of Pozieres.

The British apparently are follow ing the same methods after the sec ond big attack as after the first for tifying the positions gained, stalking German machine gun attachments and reelin3 their Way systematically, while their concentrations of gunfire give no sign where next the infantry Is going to act,
 "SheHs!" said a gunner who re- membered the days of munitions starvation; it is no longer a case of asking for more, but of somebody in the rear asking over the telephone if we have enough
 It cleared after the rain, which did not interrupt the sheIling or the talk ing yesterday hf 1900 yards Of a secOnd-HEe trench west of Pozieres. which has been the center of interest for the last 24 hours. This village sits on high and commanding position, and the British now have established themselves on either side of it's ruins. into which they continue today pour ing a big volume of shelIfre.
 The Germans were seen using for the first time in this action a pois- onOus shell which does not explode, but elnits an asphyXiating gas At first sight it may be mistaken for what is known as a "dud," an army term for @ shell that has failed to detOnate
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21
THE sRITIsH BLACKLIST.

Tho publication Of the British blacklist may be looked upon as one of tho consequences of the war and ss far as placing restrictions upon trade by subjects of Great Britain it unquestionably has that right and there arc reasons for believing that British sentiment will be such as to respond to it without any serious diff hculty, but when it comes to inter fering with the trade Of other na- tions. and especially that trade which neutral nations might be able to car ry on with those concerns on the blacklist. it is an entirely different thing. Under such an interpretation of the blacklist 1t is not surprising that it has stirred the state depart ment to the point of a protest, and particularly so if there is any founda- ton for the statements which are al- legged to have been made in official quarters to the effect that persons all over the world, including Americans, have been told that they would be put on the blacklist should they have any dealings whatever with the German concerns. e,al
 Great Britain's purpose is of course to strike at the enemy, It seeks to bring a new and damaging influence Co bear against Germany and it has gotten to the point where it is ready to take drastic measures, but it needs to recognize the importance of keep ng within it's rights. It is preposter- ous to suppose that 1t can penalize he people of neutral nations. .. What aver restrictions it wants to place up )n it's own subjects is @ different mat 'er but when it comes to doing harm O American trade, or to American ,itizens, who are acting within their lights and in conformity with the
 avs of this country, it is a matter which cannot be overlooked. Great Britain appears to be trying as un-
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21
PUSHING INTO HUNGARY.

Just what the effect of the move into Hungary by the Russian forces is going to be upon the Teuton forces remains to be seen. It is also a question how far the Russian plan .s likely to be carried out, and time alone can tell whether it is going to amount to anything more than a threat.
 Once before Russia was able to se- cure control of the passes in the Car pathians and to send large numbers into the mountains to threaten the plains of Hungary. They did not get far, however, before the Teuton rally sent them scurrying back and they were driven far into their own coun- try.
 For weeks now Russia has shown unusual strength in Bukowina, Vol hynia and GaIicia. It has repeated it's past successes against well organized and equipped armies and today it is causing the central powers much un- easiness because they have their hands full On every front and are not in a position to provide the reinforce monts that were drawn on a year or so ago.
 Russia has. however, profted from its past experience in that locality as has been repeatedly disclosed. That it will make use of the forces in striking at Hungary to the best ad- vantage is to be believed. The chance which is thus offered to attack the rear of the Austrian army will not be wasted and if carried on in connec- tion with the push which is being made on Lemberg it gives promise of having much influence without in vOlving great danger.
 What the effect of this is going to have upon Rumania can readily be appreciated, for with that country on the fence awaiting a good and satis- flying reason for entering the conflict the success of the Russian forces north of it's territory is bound to have tremendous weight. It is a Rus sian opportunity of which the most will be made and if King Ferdinand's country Is going to be lined up with the allies there would appear to be no more favorable conditions for bringing it about
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21
LETTERS TO TIE EDITOR
In Behalf of The Many, Not The Few.

m 6ehalT or he Many, Not The Few.
 Dear Editor: Some one signing himself Fair Play in this mornings Bulletin, seems to think the writer of the article in Tuesdays paper is evidently-some politician-or some friend of his. Let me disabuse Fair Plays mind at once. The writer is no politician and had nothing to do about the enactment of the traffic rules and could not even till when they were enacted. He votes at every na- tiOnal, state. town and city election and has no political friend in the sense Fair Play intimates. The writer has to confess he is unable to see the drift of Fair Plays article in his aI- fusion to NoIuntOwn- The writer has known Voluntown and it's people many years and it can boast of hay ing had, and now having, many hon orable citizens asking no special fla VOrs. All this writer asks is that a special few be not allowed to block and interfere with street Traffic by leaving their autos in the congested streets for an indefinite time, and this can work no great hardship or pe- cuniary loss to any one. The re- quest to suspend or modify the rule in the interests of few savors too much of selhshness. The common people of Lincoin's time want little consideration and not to be de- prived of their own rights. I will state once more for Fair Play that what the writer asks for is that the rules be enforced that autos and teams using the streets keep to the right and not be allowed to stop or interfere with street traffic. The writer would also like to see the street car management enact and en- force a rule to prevent the mad rush on Franklin square and elsewhere of people wishing to board it's cars. This can be done with the closed cars but not so easily with the open. I will close expressing the wish that our city government see that the ordin- ance be enforced in favor of the many and not of the few.
 J. O. LANDEN. Norwich, July 20, 1916.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21

THE HEALTH OFFICERS ACTION.
 AS a move in behalf of proper pro lection for the children of this sec tion. and as a means of preventing the spread of infantile paralysis in towns which otherwise would be free from 1t, the action of the eight health officers at their session at 0IontvilIe in excluding children under 16 from New York and other places where tho disease is epidemic, is to be com mended. The seriousness of the prob lem with hundreds of children being brought into this county, who though they may not be sick at the time of arrival arc likely to develop the dis ease during their stay, cannot be overlooked
 It may seem a bit drastic to deny those who would get away from the infected district an asylum, but the situation is such that the health of those already here needs to be safe guarded and that cannot be assured even by the plan previously adopted Of inspecting those who leave the me- tropolis and again examining them upon their arrival here. That was well enough as far as it went but it did not go far enough. It did not provide supervision of such children after they hed arrived. They were free to minEle with any others who might be in the vicinity Of the locality To which they were destined, and where they remained. It was impos- sible to attempt to keep a watch over them and the one sensible move under -he circumstances was to deny them admission, the same as they are pre- vented from attending moving pie ture houses and other places where many were accustomed to gather in their own city.
 The health officers have a duty to perform to the residents of the towns and cities where they hold office. That duty cannot be disregarded. The action which was taken at Wednes- days conference was the same as that which was taken in leriden some days aga. and it is the only thing to d, a. Lnls disease is to be prevented from spreading over the whole state. It is demanded in the interest of safety and therefore most praisewor- Inv
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21
A GARDEN BESIEGED

whole bevy of chauffeurs and delivery boys tore in from all directions, and the resultant riot very nearly reused the police. That was an awful day.
 'And this morning the fox terrier next door came back for a bone that he had buried in tl2e tomato bed and lost his bearings and excavated most all the garden before he found it. And then guess that a4l the cats tried to take it away from him because on the battle field amid the trenches now have left exactly three wisps Of lettuce. a radish and one sprig of pars- ley! I'm simply heart -brolzen!"
 "Oh, shucks." said the patient listen CT. You can get lots better vegeIa,- bles from the grocery, anyhow! You'I be trying to grow bananas and pine apples next! !"-iEXChange
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21
COSTLY BUT VALUABLE EXPERT.
 ENCE,

From present indications the dfffi- culty between this country and MeXi- co bids fair to be adjusted without a declaration of war. Such an accom- plishment will not be brought about without a large expenditure on the part of this government in making the preparations which it has for meeting the threatened trouble with that republic, but it is highly prob able that the experience and the dis closures will be. worth all that 1t costs.
 For a long time the idea has pre- vailed that this country was prepared to take care of itself in any ener- gency, but the revelations which have been made in this direction have been far from satisfactory. This country has experienced difficulty in getting together a force for the proper pro- lection of the border. The regular army was unable to look after this problem and at the same time he ready to move into Mexico in case the anticipated break developed. The call was then issued for the state militia, the second line of defense on land and here again it has been shown that only the national guard of a few states were in any sort of condition to respond to the nations protection. Many of the states, and some of them not far from the MeXi- can border, have not as yet gotten their troops in readiness to respond. The transportation troubles in con- neCtiOn with those regiments which have been moved, the political in Huence which has been brought to bear in connection with regimental officers and the complaints which have been received regarding the equipment and the food show some of the defects which call for increased attention in the future.
 No matter how much might have been said relative to these very weak nesses nothing would have convinced like the very demonstration which has taken place. It has cost money to find these things out and it will mean still greater expense before the trou- bIe is adjusted but if it results in a different regard for adequate pre- rarcdness it will be money well spent
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21

one referring to the loss of life as one hundred, the other as 15O.
 The desire for peace and the eXpeC- tation that it will come is often alluded to by prisoners. Commanding officers in their addresses to the troops speak of peace being near and of the enemy being almost broken. Particularly is France referred to as being near her last gasp. The German emperor, in his speech also referred to Frances s resistance as that of despair.
 To the correspondent who has been with the army for a year the change in the demeanor of the prisoners of late is apparent. That unbending con- fdence which in many amounted to a defiant manner toward their captOrs, has been succeeded by suitability and philosophic acceptance.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21

president of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and master of the production of astronomical ap- paratus and instruments of precision; and many others.
 As the Exposition touched every phase of modern affairs, and this work l-ehecJs it from all conceivable angles, the book itself is Q reservoir of ideas, 9 repository of sentiment, of epigram, of the opposite thought to a thousand subjects. Statesmen will find it full Of constructive themes, orators will find it a mine of forCeful phrasing, and cIergymen will discover in it the high est ideals defined in the most concise and beautiful manner-the great style Of able minds.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21
NEW BOOKS

The Exposition in etrospect-Pub-
 ished by the Panama Pacific In
 ternationaE Exposition Company,
 San Francisco. Board, 200 pages.
 This volume of opinions of the lead ing minds of America on the value of the 1915 celebration at San Francisco presents 9, verdict of the national con- sCiOuSnesS upon national event. It consists of aDpraisals of the eXp0si- ton itself by over TOO people of prom thence, and the opinions are of grip ping interest, for they form @ body of judgment on the social value and probable historic effect of the great celebration, formulated To ymen of au- thOrity who are accustomed to think ing in terms Of world affairs.
 Commanding figures in politics, such as Elihu ROCt. Theodore Roosevelt, Champ Clark, w. J. Bryan and Will jam H. Taft. are represented by epi tonnes embOdying the whole spirit of the affair in a few lines. Cabinet members have contributed: Franklin K. Lane, JOsephus Daniels, Robert Lansing, William E. Wilson, A. s. BurIesOn and w G. AIcAdCO. Presi- dent Wilson's toast appears, and 9 beautiful tribute from Vice-President Thomas R. Marshall, who dedicated the Exposition. General GOetha1s has given his opinion. Mayors, governors, United States senators, admirals of the navy, presidents of many universi- ties, leaders in the professions, the best representatives of American tal- ent, have sent their verdicts.
 Great practical scientists are rep resented, men whose application of natural law to human need is perhaps the most Chara cteristic expression of the national genius: Edison: John J. Carty, chief engineer of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company; Luther Burbank; John A. Brashear
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21

Secretary Burns sounds death kneIl of those sardine-pacled jit- neys." So runs a headline in a New Haven esteemed contemporary. With keen interest we read on and dis cover that the kneu actually rings no louder than @ political keynote speech. We also learn that said knell consists of an admonition from the aggressive secretary and the taking away of the licenses of offenders for as much, in extreme cases, as thirty days. Truly an astonishing, cruel and unusual pun ishment. How the jitney operators will mourn as their patrons continue to crowd in and-laugh. The encouraged and laUdable statements of our Score tary are equaled only by their pow erty Of fulfIlment. This is more than regrettable for the circumstances call for as severe and drastic punishment as the laws permit. The reckless and the drunken automobile driver is not amenda.ble to a please don't" He understands only ninety days in jail" Bristol Press.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21

Have you a little servant in your home? We refer to eIectricity-little in cost, but big in results. If you haven't, the nyour home isn't as live able as it might be, by half. Archi- tects of the future, going back over the history of their craft, will divide the century into three eras, as re-
 gards home building: the era of no bath tubs, the era. of bath tubs, the era upon the electric era; a few years more and houses without electricity will stand as houses without bath tubs do today. We leave it to men who are in the business to keep the public in formed of what electricity in the home will GO. Suffice it to say, that as re- gards household work, the list of things that electricity will do now out balances by far the list of things not
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21
-II[I[IIlIuIIII

Compound for rmyrestorationt to health. " Mrs. BERT CARNEY, 20 Hacker St., Worcester, Mass.
 In many other homes, once childless, there are now children because of the fact that Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound makes women orm 8 ], healthy and strong.
 Write to the Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Co.,, Lynn, Mass, for advice-it will be confidential
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21
OTHER VIEW POINTS

First the income tax was assest only against corporations. Then it was ap
 piled to individuals, also. Then the states began to add their income tax to the federal income tax. Now Uncle sam has doubled his. And all this is generally approved One of the big Boston banks issued a pamphlet last year to prove that the tax of incomes then being considered in Massa achusetts was the most scientific tax and just. Eventually taxes will be assest on in comes as low as S2, 900 or $1,5OO, and then all the distinction which is asso- ciated with paying a tax on incomes will perish Republican:
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21

operat tion, but a friend who h 8 d taken Lydia E. Pink h Q m 8 Vegetable Compound and who has six children, told me to try it. It has helped me so much
 that I am now well
 and have a baby boy
 who is the picture
 of h e alth, and I thank thAVa0etahle
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21
THE JOY OF
 MOTHERHOOD
Words of Encouragement to
 ChiIdIess Women.

Motherhood is woman's natural desti- ny, but many women are denied the happiness of children simply because of some curable Arrangement.
 Among the many triunphs of Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound is its marvellous power to overcome such Arrangements, as evidenced by the fol- lowing letter: =
 Worcester, Mass.-''I I suffered from female ills, and was advised to have an
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21

yet conquered by the electric method. An enormous advantage all the year round, the electrical adjuncts of the home take on a transcendent impor- tance in the willing hot days of mid summer. The cool, comfortable home is the electric hOme.-Bridgepo Tel GgraIn
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21

Just tactics as those which were backed by German sympathizers in an eudeavor to block the furnishing of munitions by. American indnstries to any and all who can take them away, and 1t will. if 1t does not al- ready, realize that such will not be submitted to pass1vely.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21
Plays Them Safe.

Nicholas Longworth will buy Demo- cratic members of the Ways and Means Committee new hats if the Republican majority in the next House is not 100. Nick" it seems, prefers to bet on a sure thing.-Pittslburg Gazette Times.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21
EDITORIAL NOTES.

There are many guides for motor ists but the one which has reference to safety first fails to set enough at tentiOn.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21

The man on the corner says: In or der to satisfy everybody we ought to have a couple of days of skating every now and then.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21

It's the contrariness of her sex that causes a woman to love a man after she thinks she has broken his heart by not loving him.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-07-21

It is said that the reason for mak- ing Congressman Hay a judge was to get him out of congress, but if that is so it doesn't show much regard for the bench