davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09
STATE FAIR PREPARATIONS
Secretary Davis and Assistants Ener.
geticeHy Engaged in the Work.

geticaIIy Engaged in the Work.
White River Junction, Aug. s.
Despite the excessively warm weather
Secretary Davis and his assistants are
putting in full days in preparation
for the Vermont State Fair to be held
here on the State grounds Tuesday.
Wednesday, Thursday and Friday,
Sept. IL, 10, IA and Is.
Investigation with contractors
shows it would be impractical to pro-
vide the large grand stand with re-
served seats this season, as this would
mean an entire remodeling of the
stand, but several aisles viii be made
with steps added. so that the con-
venience in reaching seats will be
greatly increased.
Turnstiles are to be placed at the
stands and an extra ticket Office added
at the further end of the large grand
stand. The reduction made in the
price for automobiles to so cents is
meeting with the approval of the
automobile driving public.
Several horses are being "workedS
out at the present time and the driv-
ers state that fast time will be made
on the track this season. The ser
vices of Chester Pike, the popular
starter, have been engaged to give the
word ''go'' in all the races.
The executive committee of the
State Fair commission cautions ship
pers of stock to the fair to inquire re-
garding railroad rates at their ship
ping point and to be sure to take ad-
vantage of the free return rate on
| the stock
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09
PICTURE REELS BURN
Some One Snapped Lighted Cigarette
or Cigar Stub into Moving
Picture Booth.

Montpelier, Aug. Two reels of
motion picture film valued at about
$500 were destroyed by fire last eve
ming at Inter-city Park during the
evening performance, someone snap
ping a cigarette or cigar stub into the
booth in which the machine is sta
toned. The operator noticed the
smoking celluloid in time to throw
the reels outside, where they burned
quickly. The loss will be suffered by
the proprietors of the New Comique
theatre, Guy S. Knapp and r. E.
Henderson.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09
Motorcycles Killed in Collision.

Brattleboro, Aug. 6.-Archie Barnes
who came here a month ago from
Shelburne Falls to work for Commits
sioner David T. Perry, was fatally in
jured last evening when his motor
cycle collided head-on with an auto
mobile owned and driven by DR.. L.
d. Richie. Barnes turned from
Birge street into Canal street just as
the automobile reached the junction
and the machines came together.
Barnes died of a fractured skull at
midnight. He was about rs years old
and leaves a wife and two children
here.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09
COMPANIES INCORPORATE
Stevens Warner Co. and Vermont
Lime Product Co., Both of Burlington.

Montpelier, Aug. 7.-Articles of as
ISOLATION have been fled with the sec
rotary of state as follows:
Stevens Warner Co., Inc, of Bur-
lington, organized to deal in motor
vehicles and accessories, with capt.
tai stock of $4,000 with 100 shares.
The incorporators are Frank Warner
of Vergennes, John J. Stevens and
Kenneth c. Hughes of Burlington.
Vermont Lime Product Co., Inc,
of Burlington, with capital stock Of
$4,000, at $50 a share, to manufac-
ture agricultural lime for fertilizer.
The incorporators are ]. V. Hill, Will
liam H. Hill and Max L. Powell, all of
Burlington.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09
RELIEF COMMITTEE ADOPTS
PLANS FOR $4,000 LOAN
Especial to The CALIFORNIAN. }

Montpelier, Aug. S.-Committee ap-
pointed by Gov. c. w. Gates to finance
plan for caring for those dependent
upon members of the Vermont Ma
ton guard now in camp at Eagle Pass,
met today, electing Charles w. Gates
chairman, and State Treasurer Walter
Scott as treasurer of the committee.
Governor Gates was empowered to
appoint three other members to
compose an executive committee, who
will draft a proposition and report
August Is. Those appointed are H. G.
Cady of Mortified, John Paddock of
Rockingham and Edward Dechanes,
st. Adams.
In the meantime the rest of the
committee will investigate needs of
each company.
The plan now is to secure $4,000
to support dependents.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09
Gov. Gates to Appoint Committee.

Montpelier, Aug. AFTER a con-
ference with state department heads
today Gov. G. w. Gates announced
that he would appoint a committee to
look after the needs of dependent
members of families of the Vermont
National guardsmen. The commit
tee probably will be called together
immediately to formulate plans and
carry on the work. 1t is understood
that the committee will be composed
of one person from each city or town
where there is a company.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09
WAS IN 99th YEAR.
Mrs. CaIista Hodge of Bristol Was
Oldest in the Town.

Bristol, Aug. 8-The funeral of Mrs
Calista Hodge was held Monday af-
ternoon at her late home on Church
street, the Rev. G. A. Parker officiat-
ing. Mrs. Hodge was in her Goth
year, and was the oldest person ir
town She had been in failing health
for some time. Mrs. Hodge is sur
vived by two grandchildren, 3
Hodge Hill, who is director of the
American school at Athens, Greece
and P. r. Hill of this town, with
whom she lived. She is also survived
by several great grandchildren. Mrs.
Hodge was a lifelong member of the
Methodist Episcopal church and will
be missed by host of friends.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09
Rutland Marble Mill Is Burned.

Rutland, Aug. 4.-The large mar
BILE mill of the Vermont Marble Co.,
known as the Palace Mill, was de-
stroyed by fire early today, causing a
loss estimated at 100000. The flames
are believed to have started from a
hot box. The Is employees of the
plant have been transferred to other
mills of the company.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09
NEW ST. ALBANs POSTMASTER
Finn Succeeds Forbes, Who Served
80 Days Over Term.

st. Adams, Aug. THE transfer Of
the postoffice in this city from a re-
publican to a democratic administra-
ton took place today when Charles
S. Forbes retired and was succeeded
by William H. Finn. Mr.. Forbes
served his full term of four years and
3S additional days. Of this period
three years and five months was un-
der democratic administration.
Mr.. Finn was nominated by Presi-
dent Wilson May IS and confirmed
June 27. With his installation as
postmaster every presidential Office
of the first and second class in Yer
mont has a democratic incumbent.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09
Barber and Jennings Winners.

Rutland, Aug. 4.-The final lists in
the Vermont state golf championship
tournament as decided by the second
and semi-hnal rounds are w. Barber,
Jr., of New York, playing for the Elk
wanok club, and f. B. Jennings, Jr.,
also of New York, representing the
Mt. Anthony club of Bennington.
Both are former title-holders. In the
semi-fnal round Barber defeated c..
S. Clark of the Ekwanok club two
up and one to play and Jennings de-
feated ]. S. Fraser Of Barre and 3.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09
SUES ROAD FOR 81, O7O.
Negligence Charged When Granite
Monuments Are Broken.

Montpelier, Aug. 4.-The Montpelier
and Wells River railroad is made the
defendant in a damage suit for ST.
07O brought by the Haglin-Spahr Co.
of Minneapolis, Mimi, which was en-
tered yesterday in Washington coun-
ty court. The plaintiff claims that
the railroad was negligent in allowing
two granite monuments shipped from
Barre to the western city to be brok-
en- and spoiled in the course Of trans
portatiOn.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09
FILES BANKRUPTCY PETITION
Charles III. Lee, Lyndonville, Has
1924 Liabilities and So 900 Assets.

Charles II. Lee, the well known
horse trainer and driver of Lyndon
vile will file Wednesday through his
attorney, Guy w. Hill of st. Johns
bury, a voluntary petition in bank
ruptcy with Clerk Of the District
Court, Frederick 3. Plat, at Rutland.
The petition is addressed to Hon.
Harland b. Howe, judge, and the
schedules disclose liabilities of S3,-
BASS and assets Of $2,690.45; 1875 is
claimed to be exempt.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09
HaIe-McKenzie

Harlan Page Hale Of Waterford
was married to Mrs. Wilbert McKen-
zie of Newport, r. l., Tuesday at the
residence Of Mr.. and Mrs. J. d. Frye.
43 Eastern avenue, st. Johnsbury, by
the Rev. Clarence L. Eaton
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09
CHILD LABOR BILL PASSED
VIII Prevent Interstate Commerce In
Their Products.

Washington, Aug. S.-The senate
late today passed the bill to prevent
Interstate commerce in products of
child labor. The vote was So to IL.
The measure already passed by the
house was brought to a vote on the
insistence Of President Wilson after
the democratic senate caucus had de-
ferred its consideration until Deem
Der,
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09

Watch the show window at the
Berry-Ball store for examples of the
real Navajo rugs which c. p. Weeks
of Thoreau, ". NJ, formerly of st.
Johnsbury, will show there on Friday
and Saturday Of this week.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09

The Morning Caledonian will reach
readers on Rural Delivery Routes "a
hours ahead of any other morning
daily.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09

The Daily ca1edOnian for the news.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-08-09

Ads in Daily caledonian get results
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1916-08-21

the accommodating instances of fail ure, in spite Of the tremendous ar ray of facts showing the utter in- ability of craft unionism to cope with the industrial situation, still persist in the upholding of the craft union ideal. However the modern general knows his own personal safe ty depends upon his armies possess ing the most modern equipment, and therefore would scout the mo- tion of arming his men with flint locks when repeating rifles are to be had. But the case is reversed with Gompers. The day the struc- ture of organized labor becomes ef- ficient, that day marks his removal from the scheme of things and it IS good-by Civic Federation banquets, conferences with presidents anG honorary visitors at variety Of hen party entertainments to imbue the workers with up-lift ideals along lines strictly laid down by the em- ployers. Naturally against such a condition the Gompers and their followers throughout all affiliated unions struggle to the last.
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1916-08-21

Professor Campion says that the structure of the American Fedora tion of Labor and it's constituent parts is gradually changing. lie sees the reason in "the changed induGtri- al situation, the reduction of many workers to a common denominator by the use of the machine, the fierce opposition of employers and the like.
 Now while there may be trace of truth in the declaration that the structure of the A. F. of L. is aun- dergoing some modification on ac- count of these forces mentioned, Campion overlooks the still potent perverting influence of the leaders and the machine within that struc- ture. That is aided by that very "group and institutional inertia" to which he had previously alluded, but still more by the perversion of the groups selfish instinct to the interests of the employers through the leaders and their subordinates anxious to maintain control ot power.
 And we find a rank and file even in such a democratic institution as the labor organization utterly un- able to rid itself of the incubus of leaders of the Gompers stripe and the Civic Federation ideals which are nothing but the master class ideals foisted upon the workers by these conservative henchmen of the employing interests.
 Acutely observed Campion in his remarks upon the form of organlza- tion, evidently seeing much more clearly than the rank and file of or ganized labor: "The trade union is an antiquated weapon in the fight against the big corporations unless the skill of the trade is still a po- tent factor or some other special | place of vantage remains. To meet the mighty German army with the weapons of the Civil War spells ] ignominious defeat. To combat for higher wages and shorter hours with the defenses of 1866 likewise means defeat.
 It is certainly an extraordinary thing that college professor look ing at these questions through aca- demic glasses, even if free from the refraction of partizansrip, should be able to see so clearly the defects and the shortcomings of craft union ism when the leaders of the Amer ican Federation of Labor, by no means dull men, should in spite of
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1916-08-21
OVERSTOCKED

To the Public:-
 We have just finished stock talk ing, and find that we are heavily overstocked so are making enorm- ous reductions in Hardware-as much as 50@o in certain lines. Not withstanding immense advances out side, especially in Hardware and Metal Goods, we are still, selling on the basis of goods purchased the past two or three years.
 We will sell for cash only at these prices, and for limited time, until we bring our stock down to the re- quirements of the Camp.
 If you have an order to be filled. let us figure on it; we can save you money. We have proved it oo others, we can prove it to you.
 DARLING & DEAN COMPANY.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-01-30
By DR.. v. v. Anderson
Official Psychologist to the Criminal Courts Boston

Y cry gradually has there come about q changed
" attitude on the part Of society toward crime
and criminals This change has by no means
hcen revolutionary one. no sudden awakening to
an interest in the criminal and his probems-not
fad. but slow and gradual development along with
the general enlightenment Of society. to better
knowledge Of human nature and efficient causes
underlying human conduct a development that has
required years TO take place. 1t is far cry from
the dark dungeons and fortunes of the past to the
DDS OF handling criminals
No one thing can be said 10 stand responsible for
such a change, many factors have contributed to il,
From all sides have forces borne in upon tho nroh
lens Of crime. Whether these forces come from
law or medicine or psychology. sociology. or all
OF them the advances in knowledge in these partic
ular helds have served to better understanding of
the criminal and the causes which produce him
And SO it is that judges to-day dealing with
deiinquents In the light OF all tho circumstances in
the case; taking into consideration the Offenders
rome conditions and immediate causes of his mis-.
conorcti his physical and mental health and makeup
tne record OF his past behavior and finally the
chances of his reforming
This growing tendency towards NATURALIZATION
was finally responsible for the development of pro-
baton. field of social usefulness that has advanced
during tie last few years by leaps and bounds and
mas now become necessary fixture in the ma.
chinery OF our criminal courts Long before the
legislature In Massa chusetts the Home of Proba-
ton had clothed its criminal courts with such a,.
ihority, Judges here in Boston were carefully dis.
eliminating In the disposition of cases placing in
dividuas under supervision and carrying ont a
broadly humane. but strongly correctional purpose
in the prevention of crime and the reforming of
human Individuals
within the Municipal Court OF Boston this work
mas grown to high degree of efficiency, was
OUT natural step for the Court to add its ser.
wee med!ca! man and psychologist.
Il must be borne in mind that within the Crimi.
nal courts OF our larger cities, where thousands Of
offenders yearly arragned for trial the question
OF responsibility would be daily problem; and so
II has long been the custom to call in alicnists to
ADVISE the Court along these lines.
- HcTe IN Boston, with the establishment Of the
Fs!cAcDathlc hospital, individual offenders whose
mentality was in question were occasionally sent
thefe pending a determination OF their sanity II
soon became apparent 70 some that systematic
study within the Criminal Court. Of individuals
whose mentality was in question might be feast.
hle plan 10 adopt This merely falling in line
with The idea previously suggested by Committee
a o! the American Institute OF Criminal Law and
tflnholoEy that laboratories he developed within
me CRIMINAL Courts Of larger cities for the care.
fu and intensive studies OF Offenders
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-01-30
H0w the Criminal Court Psucl
Judge and Helm

old idea
by modern and satisfactory
pcrcd by Science. Modern of
psychologist aud crimnologst stands the
Judge crimnology
DR.
For more than in OF the criminal
Anderson
the laws Justice will be MI,
effect in Chicago II
Prof Anderson formerly attached abora.
OF Harvard University
Munseberg has in writings
of the psychological laboratory which
interpret the hidden thoughts
spite OF the best efforts Of the
his desire to evadc the keen scrutiny biologist
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-01-30

ms 10 the needs OF determining those who we're sick
In mind and body and advising for them the hu
name treatment to which they we're entitled In
other words, the medical aspects OF the problem de.
'erminlng the presence Of insanity feebleminded.
ness tuberculosis. etc. etc. more or less gen.
orally recognized OF considerable practicable i'm.
poTtance TO the courts and society but as to the
worth OF psychological studies in connection with
the character makeup Of criminals of getting a, the
possibilities. capabilities and adapabilties of ndi.
vidual offenders with view OF reforming and re-.
adjusting them 10 society. such had as yet to be
proven.
1ohtine OF court work. acting in consulting capacity
on those problems--medCal psychological or social
on "hich the Judge or probation officers felt that
lhey needed assistance, planning TO bring 10 the
stuny OF these various and complex problems the
most practical that the modern medical and nsvcbo
logical sciences had to offer The work has con.
tinued lust along these lines: only examining those
cases that were considered serious problems nv the
court and thus. Of necessity, only the grosser and
more OBVIOUS mental deviates have been seen.
Natural? our first concern was with the methods
10 ne used IN studying problem. The recognition
OF me insane and obviously feebe.rnded furnished
no great difficulty, but the great bordcrline field
lying between needed the DEVELOPMENT of accurate
methods Tor investigation. On the one hand u:o
had the usual methods Of the alienst; on the other
hand the psychological laboratory offered methods
OF experimental study by means Of which the iudi.
Vlduai differences Of men could be tested in a man.
ner far beyond anything which common sense and
racy shown by the Psychologist in his study Of bodily
processes tunction!ng Of various organs and such
was being approached by the laboratory psycbolo
slst IN MS study OF mental processes.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-01-30
Finding OFT Why
q 6tnG COn;7its Crime

me idea first sa its fulfment in the addition to
re i,rooation Department OF the Municipal Court of
n2StoA OF the medical and psychological work in
particularly Or Healey. Of Chicago. had definitely
demonstrated tic immensely practical nature of
psychological studies Of juvenile offenders. II re-
NAMED 10 be seen. however, whether such could be
hPniled 10 the handling OF adult criminals.
Nc doubt all could exist in tho minds of any
hs instrument Records the Siiehtest increas. in
Your ise'Yor2nsss. It Pc astsre thc TREMBLING Of
nc r'nser ~ MARKINGS on a Revolving Cylinder
Go'srel "''i' -'tiph'acket papsr. !f You are
oeinG Questioned as Sc TOW Much You Know
~ HeA7rd 10 rhe Case Trial Your r!er.
"ouSaess va Instantly ncrsasc az the
&ocst'ons Begin 20 Deal with Mattsrs
winch Yon Are Trying 20 Conceal
f'on' t'e Court Psychcioast
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-01-30
Tracing the Offenders
Childhood Influences

Already had tests been devised for classifying
scHoo chhdren that were OF the greatest value In
p'eh'hs out detectives from among the schools. Other
tests tests, Tor estimating the ability of Juvenile delln
qucnts were at hand devised by Dr. Heaey OF
ohlcagol that gave more satisfactory results in the
STUDY OF 0eiinquents among 6dolescent boys and
sirs tAen could be obtained from any other 10 Methods
IN III approaching the study Of adult criminals many
HihicnilicS were at once apparent which required
me further Development Of method. 1t has been
10 ms particular problem of periccting methods
OF studying our individual that we have given much
time and thought. The scale that we are at present
using is based upon the best points in all the other
ihe'hods II consists Of twenty psychological prob
lens and allows credit of 100 for successful &C.
comp!iSiment.
Oh the examination. They always preceded by
carefully obtained life history. This is secured
snrn vac "D1ee, hlmseli, from relatives, acquaint-
ai ana whatever sources are available Tho
history consists Of two portons-family and per.
sonar history. Family history gives US an insight as
10 The sort OF stock from which our subject has
conc Thus heritable defects and traits are In.
CURED in'o-insanty. feeble.mndedness. alcohol.
ism, epilepsy, etc, ETC.
From the personal history are gathered ali the
lacts hearing upon our individuals development how
he grew physically and mentally from infancy up to
anuh ne, important sicknesses, INJURIES defects,
etc N Childhood advance in school, age ct reaching
Huoerty nome control and teachings habits and in.
siHc,S character OF associates. economic efficiency
whether trained for an occupation or moi whai ,he
occ"Ia'io'al Interests what he has actually fol.
iinnmanc;ss h ETC; compete history OF de
i ,a no" they began and what Influences
&C., -. W W, i" Keep mem up efects OF whatever
t ,; mas ooen applied fpcnal or probation) In.
dlrld'al attitude toward society, etc
Next general physical examination. In no sense
ul"cen' 'ro ON lie routine examination given In any
hospital As has been pointed out by Dr. Hoaiey.
ne hcgioc OF fundamental matters. such AZ The In.
'cS'gaioh lot sensory defects and causes for gen.
e'ai Weaknesses. is absolutely inexcusabe. so great
J" mere relationship TO the production OF crminay"
rina"y. ana most important OF all in tho study OF
the offender Ia the investigation Of his mental life
"h'ch may be arranged nnder two headings the
PSEUh'atrc method aud the psychological.
6y me FORMER VIC refer that method which iu
interested In the association OF various mental SWIM.
,oms mo disease forms. This method of study ia
that 1t refers &c hat branch OF medicine which dcas
win such combination Of mental symptoms as are
sc'enllncia'iy ana popularity known as mental dis.
eascs-tnc 'nsanes; and the purpose of ths
method is TO diagnose mental disease
second, and more important. is the psychological
Here we lay under tribute the psychology of ipdi.