The Hawaiian gazette., 1916-12-12
Danish Society Studying Social
Consequences fsCfeatWarot I
1. In Europe >''''1a" 0
BULLETIN ON tosses2oF 'QJt
TWO YEARS REACHES CITY
Killed and Wounded Aggregate
ii More Than Fifteen MilIiouo d
ON. ''' For All Nations ""' ''"'

The 80 Society for the study OF the
Social Consequences Of the War" with
headquarters at Copenhagen, has issued
i bulletih dated August ], giving stats
ties of the wastage of human life. Since
the beginning of the war, the English
translation OF this booklet has just
reached Hawaii. Careful computations
by this Danish society place the number
Of dead at 1881 800, the wounded IL
245, 300 and the invalids 3,373,700 for
the first two years of the great con
firt.
The war study society is a voluntary
and Independent institution working
through an elective board Of admin
istration composed Of scientific collabor-
ators. Its detectives are, "the fouLdar
ton of a library of war literature; the
and the publication ~of a bulletin"
Scope Of 6tndfes p
| In laying a foundation for the study
Of the -fArreaching consequences Of the
war, investigation has been directed
first, towards ascertaining "the total
balance Of men" in the war by sepaI ate
examinations under the following
heads: "direct losses suffered by
armies; the mortality among prisoners
Of war; loss of human life among the
civil population on battlefelds; mortal
| ity among refugees; mortality among
the civil pOruIa ton generally; and, the
great reduction of the number of child
births"
There have been difficulties in the
way, the chief being what may be
termed q policy of war, the policy OF
/ suppression and concealment. The bull
letin states that in "almost all coun
tries a secret il made Of the number OF
men lost" England has published nc
summary Of her losses since January
1916. Previous to that time there wa.
no attempt ut concealment.
only Germany Tells Losses
/ Up,to July L.. 1916. Germany publish
ed 1926 !'essualty lists. = These cover
! IL, l78 pages. The society has averaged
every tenth list of these pages and hal
arrived at a number of 262.3 casualtiet
per page, an approximate total Of
casualties of 3,459,lS9. D..
| In Russia !"reports and reviews is
sued by the Red Cross and the semi
official Town and Zemstvo Federation
we're made the basis of calculation. Ii
Austria Hungary, Italy and the Balkan
only lists of losses among officers hav,
been published. The losses among mel
have been arrived at by the application
Of the law of averages, and are believ
ed to be fairly accurate.
| In France no lists of losses have beer
published, and the society states tina
its estimates for that country hav,
been arrived at from foreign state
tdents and by applying the law of aver
ages for other countries.
! Lasting and permanent losses diffe
from direct losses. Three importan
elements are to be considered therein
the sick, the prisoners and the missing
1t is stated that rarely are lists avail
able of the sick among the soldiers
Attempts have been made, where posi-
ble,z to include in the totals the per
centaGes of deaths and casualties from
these categOries. at is a well know
fact, says the bulletin, "that in previ
Gus wars the number of losses caused
by diseases was higher than the direc
losses"
Table Of Casualties
Under the heading "Direct Losses
the bulletin gives the following tabula
summary of direct losses of human Iif,
| during the first two wears of war: