davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-23

During the week the movement
of foreign gold to New York was
resumed. Receipts amounted TO
nearly s3O,OOO,OOO, but as an offset
TO purchases of $10,000,00O a day
by the belligerents this is a very
small gold payment on account
More foreign loans, therefore, are
imperatively necessary. Additional
banking credit to the amount Of
Sl00,000,000 was arranged Tor
France. A British loan of new pro-
portions is imminent, and may be
announced this week. Russia has re-
opened negotiations for a second
loan. which is expected to be for
S1OO,O00.000. There are other Dor
rowers. An Argentine loan IS pend
ing. If we want this kind of pros
perity we have got to go on lending
the customers the credit with which
70 buy our goods. What we are do
ing, really, is to lend them the goods.
The credit is the measure of what
they owe us for them. This affair
Of foreign trade on credit has al
ready assumed colossal proportions.
1t seems in danger of becoming un-
comfortable. There will be an end
Of it some time, and then an after
time. Into that inevitable after time
the imagination intrudes itself gin
gerly.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-23

Labor bears the original curse
It will be let in for misery, whatever
else happens. Having acquired ex-
pensive habits, and having enor-
mously increased its own wants, it
will be unable after the war TO
crafty those wants unless it is pos
sible for us TO 90 on selling our
surplus goods in the worlds mar
kets; but in order that we may be
able to sell our surplus goods in the
worlds markets it will be necessary
fer labor to abandon its expensive
habits, consume less and work more.
This requires an effort of attention.
We shall have a capacity for produc-
ing more goods than we consume, and
the only cure for that disease will be
to consume less and sacrifice our sur
Plus at low prices in foreign mar
kets, Is that SO? Having more
than we can use, we shall have TO
use less and sell the remainder at
low prices. We seem to have ar
rived at the door Of an old friend
the riddle Of reproduction. How
Is it possible for people to be dis
tressed by the calamity Of over
production? They produce more
than they can consume, whereupon
they fall into state Of economic de-
preston and have the blues and
talk Of hard times. People are poor
in the midst Of abundance; the
greater the abundance the harder
the times. Can that be?
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-23

At round estimate, 100000 wage
earners are engaged in producing
war goods exclusively. When the
war stops the call for those goods
will cease. What will be done with
these wage earners? They have
teen making shells and high explo-
sives and military harness and
things for which the demand has
teen enormous at very high prices.
That demand stops. Europe may
want other goods in place of war
goods. but she will be able to bar
gain for them; she will not have
to buy them at any price, as she
had bought war goods. 1t will take
time for Europe to find out what
she needs in peace and how she
shall pay for it and what terms she
can make with the sellers, and then
il will take the sellers some time to
prepare to produce the new goods.
In the mean time, what will happen
to those 100000 wage earners en-
gagged in producing war goods ex-
clusively? They will be largely un-
employed. Their high wages will
stop. Their buying power will be
suddenly wrecked; and as the buy
ing power of three-quarters of a
million high paid wage earners
would be not less than S1,250, 000,-
600 a year, you can imagine what it
would mean to general business for
it to be suddenly curtailed in this
way. A lot of retailers would or
Ger fewer goods, and lot of whole
sale dealers and jobbers would cam
Gel orders, and then some factories
for want of orders would close down,
end more wage earners would be
out of work, and their buying power
being curtailed, another wave is set
UP, and so on and on, until we be-
gin to hear of over-production. That
is the sequel.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-23

And now what of the future? In
the sequel we imagine unemployment,
distress, over-production and eco
nomic depression. Yet it has been
said that American industry is
threatened with a chronic labor
famine. That also may be true. The
one great problem of this country is
how to find the labor with which to
perform the work that is waiting 10
be done. Nothing has ever been
built large enough. Nothing is fin
ished. There is not a finished rail-
road. There are whole empires Of
fertile lowlands to be drained, there
are deserts to be irrigated, there are
lakes to be raised and mountains to
be lowered. One who thinks of what
is yet to be done in country which
so far has been rather mined than
developed must exclaim: "Where
shall the labor come FROM" Where,
indeed? Development is limited by
the supply of labor. The opportuni-
ties are unlimited. And yet here is
unemployment in the sequel of the
war trade. What is that? 1t is un-
intelligence. 1t is the most shocking
kind of waste. There will be unem-
ployment because nobody will have
prepared new work. That is nobody
business.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-23

Toward the present, the sequel and
the future the attitude Of labor is
like that of capital. Both take what
they can get in the present, intent
only upon the highest profit; both
refuse TO be responsible for the Sc
quel, and neither one can spare the
time to attend TO the future. Capt
tai thinks labor ought not TO acquire
expensive habits; but where shall
labor go for an example in thrift?
Why shouldn't labor be wasteful, ex-
travagant and thoughtless? The en-
ployer is also. The heads Of corpo-
rations talk gloomily of the psychol-
ogy of fattened labor and the pros
pect Of labor famine. Their cor
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-23
Monday, October %, 1916.

Last week was Of the same pat
tern as preceding weeks, only IN
larger design. Wheat, cotton, met
oils, food products and commodities
generally went on rising. The de-
mand went on rising, too, and this
j., the greatest wonder, that the IN
creasing cost of satisfying human
wants appears not in the least TO
diminish the demand for goods. war
prosperity is phenomenon that
seems very largely to create the
credit upon which it subsists. The
government published the figures OF
foreign trade for the month Of Sep
tember, and here were new records
also. The excess of exports was
34s,719,343, so that we are taking
the world into our debt at the rate
of nearly s4,OOO,OOO,OOO a year.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-23
the INDIANAPOLIS UNION saILwN, "
INDIANAPOLIS. INDIANA, ocr, 70. WV
annAs " anfsd fnr SlnLlna Fnnt.

Tn. indim.pols union Railsv co@g.v - :
po,sis FOR the ssls u tssaty sir n,eA :,
ISIS Oool dollars Of Il. ars, Mo1s.s bon y,
the once o. TIE Fidelity TrlS Coupihh !, -
CITY % Philadelphia Pa. on o. pro- s.,,s
first day Of November. 1915. bons .,-ss
az tho lowest price not exceeding pr 80 g.ii
interest will b. accepted Ard raii JOY a., a..
bonds of different holders b. oTered Z. ~ ~
price the number Of bonds tSkr1 ron 80. :
be on a pro-rsis basis. Ns nsary az 49,.
proportion % the whole number N ncris 80
". r Cannon. sesfcN'
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-23
Bv ARCHER WALL DOUGLAS
ST. Louis, October 20.

st. Louis, October 20.
WE are far on the road TO the soiu-
w ton of one Of the great prop
lens of modern civilization-that OF
the business of agriculture. Rightly
understood and rightly practlsed' agri-
culture is a real business, profoundly
fundamental and farreaching in its ma
tional and worldwide import 10 DC
done successfully it must COMBINE anu
coordinate all the teachings OF tradi-
ton and experience, Of science ana eH-
perimentation. II is fairly understood
now what should be done in agricult-
ure. but the more general application
of all these things of certainty and
knowledge must be thing Of time and
much patient teaching. Contrary to
the general impression, agriculture Is
not a money making affair compared
with pursuits which require but a
scort measure of that knowledge and
labor needed in successfully filling the
ground. There are no opportunities OIL
sudden speculation, no chances OF get
ting rich quickly, no placid sitting un
der the vine and fig tree OF unearne0
increment. Enhancement in the value
Of farm land means nothing outside o.
theoretic accounting, unless you want
70 sell the land and thus go out OIL
business. for the real value OF farm
land. as a matter of a going business,
is purely in proportion to its produc'
tive capacity. Any accumulation Of
money is solely the result OF long, pa
tient and intelligent toll.
The life Of the farmer has its recon-
penses. in the form of independence
contact with nature and the general
certainty OF at least making living.
But much accumulation Of money Is
notamong them. Moreover, the farmer is
the only producer who has really moth
ing TO say about the selling price Of his
products. and that is what is troubling
him now. The price of everything that
he raises is determined principally by
competition, local, national and world
wide, and by marketing facilities or
the lack Of them. The cost of raising
his products practically does not enter
into the question at all.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-23
Peoples
Trade
Ways

The swivel chair evangelists have
spilled a good deal of ink on white
paper telling about the vast volume oil
trade there Is waiting for us. our
notsntial foreign customers know all
about that better than we can tell
them. They are not one bit interested
in secondhand information as to their
own wants. On the other hand, they
will readily read all about the things
we have SURPRISES of. and II our ex-
cess of production suits their needs
and is whiting reach Of their pocket
looks they will buy.
Let our newspapers know so that
they can print in a readable way what
we have to sell in our national SHOP
snd numberless foreign journals VIII
renr;nt IL because they, too. have the
nav. nose. Then Brown, OF Europe
will start writing to Smith, OF new
york. 70 find out more about 1t. Inat
{. Tho way much trading starts ard
continues.
The population Of British India is
200. 1000 900, mostly useless to Amen-
can exporters. They grow all they eat
and much Of what they wear is home
grown cotton spun BY the wife and
woven bv the husband on a hand loom
that might have been made thousand
years ago.
Notwithstanding the fact that India
is the sixth in importance as a cotton
spinning country under the factory
system and far and away the largest
buyer Of foreign factory-made goods,
the sum Of these two sources OF sup
MY would hardly figure a clout year
for her millions. Therefore the cotton
match back OF the hut and the loom
under the tree in front still flourish.
II is the white population OF India
and the comparatively few native land
owners who are the customers OF the
department stores which sell the prod
ucts of Occidental factories, and most
Of the customers are men. The num-
her of white women resident in the
country is very small. Therefore arti-
Gle. for masculine use are the most
imnortant. The store manager sends
his buying orders to London. 1t fol-
lows. then, American manufacturers
who want Indian trade will find 1t in
that city, although as buying orders
are closely followed it is first neces-
sary to send travellers and samples to
convert the department managers in
India. When this is done they will
order American goods through head
quarters in London.
Look at a picture of the native Hin
doc. He is shoeless and sockless. He
wraps himself up in about half dozen
yards of cotton "dhootie." which he
uses at night as a sheet. As his home
is about as scantily furnished. it is
plain that when foreign trade experts
talk of "the teeming millions Of the
Orient they should qualify their re-
marks by some reference to the mea-
gre use OF factory products by this
natives.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-23
Seeing 1t Done

Now, the farmers Of the country
further East saw these things done IN
a country which was originally sage
brush desert, where bitter. destroying
frosts and breezes are ever the por-
ton of the grower. and where the
producers are hundreds and thousands
Of miles distant from their markets
Whv could not these accomplishments
he duplicated in country where
nature is kindlier, the soil naturally
fertile, and the markets near at hand
The real reason in the past was that
farmers in most sections were a
lonely and secluded lot. Bad roads
often impossible in the spring, and
lack of means Of communication, con-
stantly marooned the farmers on their
farms.
The first requisites of cooperation
are constant contact and understand
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-23

In the abstract one may hold that
as human desires apparently are
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-23
The Farmers Ne1U Vision
The Dazzling Secret of Perennial Prosperity Is
Seen To Lie in Control Of Food
Distribution

ing between men. Automobile
good roads have supplied these need
ed things, and farmers are beginning
TO combine. There are innumerable
farmers cooperative grain elevators
cooperative stock marketing sssocia.
tons and fruit and garden truck as
sociations in the South and West
They have made their share of mis-
takes, but they are prospecting and in
creasing. Just now everybody wants
to help the farmer, from the Depart
ment of Agriculture to the CONNER
cial club of the small town. All
sorts of marketing and distributing
schemes are being planned for him
all of them aimed at the elimination
Of the middleman. Some of them
work, some of them do not, and be-
cause of the simple economic fact
that, while the middleman in genera
is an expensive and inefficient method
Of distribution, he mostly still per-
sists, because no better and more
economical way has yet been found,
despite many reams of theory as to
why he should be done away with.
Now. this somewhat unpalatable fact
does not altogether satisfy the farm
err. He knows full we'll that, year in
and year out, his margin of profit is
far from satisfactory. and he be-
lieves that he fails to get his full
share Of the price paid by the con-
sumner.
The Ultimate Solution
The story of greater production per
acre at a smaller percentage proper
tionately of expense seems to be after
all the real solution of the problem,
according to the analogy of all COM
mercial business. II certainly is so as
regards the general welfare OF the ma
ton. But the farmer is very human
and not in business as a philanthropist,
and the simpler and more direct plan
of getting more money for his products
appeals to him strongly. This is the
general idea, which in the beginning
makes cooperation attractive to him,
but it is not what happens save in small
degree. Unless cooperation be nation
wide and federated there still remains
fol
really comes about in general is the
greatly increased certainty OF a mar
ket for all the produce, usually. though
not always, at a reasonable price. In
cidentally, and yet primarily as a mat
ter Of Importance, the question of
price is shifted largely TO the matter of
quality and attractiveness of the prod.
uct, and the wise placing of it in mar.
kets where the demand Is keen and
absorbing.
II is obvious that the method 81 co.
operation among the farmers is but in
its inception. It is fraught with all
sorts of possibilities, good and bad, be-
cause of the uneasy consciousness
among consumers that it controls the
very necessaries of life. SO far as il
has gone, it has worked not only TO
the benefit of the farmer. but of the
consumer as we'll, by providing the lat
ter with wholesome fruits and vege-
tables in great abundance and at all
seasons and at reasonable prices.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-23
Finance Economics
GARET GARRETT, Editor

WALL STREET OFFICE IeiephoanHn;A
Mills Building, Is Broad St hanover Ooi'
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-23
Prices World Made

The price OF cotton is practically
the same all over the cotton belt re-
CARELESS Of the differences in climate
and soil and in the nature and efl-
cheney of the labor employed. Into
this price there enters competition
of cotton from Egypt and Central
Asia. from China, India and from the
uttermost parts Of the earth. Into
this price there likewise enters the
nature and extent Of the demand from
this country. from Lancashire and
from Germany. and over all these COM
ponents of price the farmer has not
the slightest control, though he is o.
all men the one most vitality Inter
ested. He realizes that the present
high prices Of farm products are alb
normal and cannot last Nevertheless,
they have whetted his appetite, for he
recalls only too keenly that only a
little over a decade ago they were
less than half their present figures IN
all grains, so he has turned to the
other great factor in the business OF
agriculture, namely, that Of distribu-
tion. This will be the solution of his
troubles.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-23
The Great Experiment

In two great productions, fruit and
garden truck, distribution is practi-
callv the whole story. II a farmer
has not easy access to market IL Is
foolishness for him TO raise these
products. In distances remote from
his principal markets, as IN Soutnerh
Texas. the Florida Peninsula ana
Southern California, he Immediately
discovered that there was no such
thing as success without cooperation
The things that he raised were mostly
perishable, and not to find an immedi-
ate market for them was to lose all
the fruits Of his labor. 1t was also
worse than useless 20 ship them to
markets already glutted with similar
produce. So a fruit or vegetable grow
ers' association soon came to mean
the same intelligent care in produc-
ton. selection, grading, inspection ana
marketing as in the manufacture oil
some high grade tool or cloth.
Apples from the irrigated districts
of the Northwest, Hood River, Wen
atchi and dozen others command
nrice all over the world. for there
arc Just one hundred perfect apples
in every box, not sometimes, but all
the time. They find ready market
in districts further East, while nome
grown fruit of equal quality rots on
the trees, because there is no place
for apples with ffty-seven varieties IN
a barrel and because individual enor'
has no guiding spirit TO direct 1t.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1916-02-01

nejsi DRAW moralno dolzni, da Jill branijo tudi z
orozjem in da predvsem pokopljejo hinavsko pa
rolo Mir "a vsako ceno!" dokler zivimo v ka-
pitalisticni dru5bi in dokler je vojna mogoea.
lmamo ameriske sodruge, XII so tukaj rojeni
In XII ne vedO mic O svetu izven Amerike razen liz
knJig in ~casopisja. III sodrugi pravijo: "Kaksna
blaznost, ce bi mi podpirali vojno in Sc borili "a
kapitaliste, XII so nasi najveGji sovrazniki in XII j.
maJo vso naSo domovino. Nam je vseeno, pa mai
mas vlada ameriski Rockefeller, japonski mikado,
angleski Jure ali nemSki kajzer. Tiranstvo je ii
ranstvo!" TEN sodrugom je treba zatrobiti ma
usesa da ne vedo kaj govore, da ne znaio ceniti
koscka svoJe svobode vemo pa mi, koliko lie
vredna, XII smo prisli IL tiranskih monarhii.
"Glasnik" OBJ Gorenjem jezeru je legel k wee
MENU pocitku. To je tisti list, XII je oh Gasu veil
kega strajka rudarjev v bakrenem okroEju ma
vsomoc zagovarjal magnate bakra, skebe in vse
delavstvu sovrazne sile. To je tisti list, XII je ST.
ditto napadal "Proletarca," ko je zvesto stal ma
strani stavkarjev. Udarca, XII mu ga je takrat
prismolilo zavedno delavstvo, nj prenesel, in cato
lahko recemo, da ga je strajk ubil. Nj sicer lepo
drezatl mrlica, XII sc ne more braniti, ampak greh,
XXI ga Je "Glasnik" izvrsil mad delavstvom, je ia
ko velik, da mu ga tudi pc smrti ne odpustimo.
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1916-02-01
TR$CICE
AIT B r G. A.

Xxi, XII bi rekel, da nj bila potrebna vojna, da nj
bila potrebna krvava revolucija, XII je porodila
Zedinjene drzaveY Rad bi ga poznal! In Ge bi BIZ
La takrat veGina Amerikancev (nekaj ie bile ia
kin rekla: mir "a vsako ceno!" hi bile Zedi-
meme drzave Sc danes kolonija engleskega kralja
in Amerikanci bi moral danes p~osiliati svoje ST.
move v krvave jarke ma Francosko, kakor jih po-
Silja Canada.
Res je, da Sc Amerika he more nit izdaleG
primerjati temu, kar mi hoGemo: imamo tiranstvo.
imamo korupcijo in dosti drugih grdih reel. Ali
poleg tega pa imamo nekaj ugodnosti, nekoliko
svobode cemu hi Sc lagali, da nimamol ka-
krsne ne uziva ljudstvo nobene druge drzave ma
svetu izvzemsi Svice. Use tie ugodnosti, YES ia
koscek svobode nj dobilo amerisko ljudstvo kar
lepo ma k~rozniku, temveG vse to je bilo pridoblje.
no $ klvjo; 6e nj bio pridobljeno s krvjo, potem
so Washington, jefferson, Hancock, Franklin,
Paine, John Brown, Lincoln t.. d. - zgodovinska
laz! In ce so bile tie ugodnosti zapisane s krvjo, ali
MISC Sc danes vredne, da jh branimo S krvjo, ako
prideJo V resnO nevarnostP
Mi vemo, da je nasa republika kapitalistiGna ;
vsaka repubhka do danes je Sc kapitalistiGna. OBJ
enem pa vemo, da je r~epublika kolikor toliko izraz
demokracije, torej IA par stopnic blizja naSemu
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1916-02-01

cll1u. In recimo: Maj danes pride kak Roosevelt
all kdorsibodl III poskusa ovreci republiko i'm sebe
proglasiti "a kralja ali cesarja move monarhiie.
KAY bi tedaj rekli socialistiH Ali ne bi vstali vsi
kt en- MOI in sc ~protivili p%oliticni monarhiji v A.
merlkif In gotovo hi bill tudi demokratie in re.
pubhkanci, Xxi hi sc temu protivili. Ali Sc ne bi
mi hoces, noGes borili z mimi vred za obram.
BIO republlke proti ustanovitvi monarhije, XII bi
vsekakor hotela pomandrati Sc ia kosGek svobode.
kar Je imamo' Gotovo bi to storiliIl Kajti bila bi
nasa prokleta dolznost, da to storimo. Mi pa NOR
ola III nasa prokleta dolznost, da ravno to storimo.
ee grozi ~republiki ravno tako nevarnost cd strani
kake tuJe monarhisticne sile, XII hi hotela podiar-
mitl Zedinjene drzave in jh narediti "a svojo ko-
loniJof V tenn ~slucaju ne bi Sc ameriski delavci
borlll "a ameriSke kapitaliste, nit "a svojo kapita-
listlcno Waldo, Geprav bi Sc borili z MO vred. tenn
wee bi sc borili Ia tiste pravice, XII 81 jih je prido-
bio amerlsko ljudstvo z dragoceno krvjo. in kate
re bi bile V nevarnosti, da jih izgubimo. Kajti
bolJe Je: drzi ga, kot lovi ga - ko je prepozno.
Summa summarum: Ako ina neodvisno. poli-
tieno svobodno ljudstvo nekaj pravic, XII 81 jh lie
prlboriIo s krvJo V revoluciji, in ce so tie pravice v
nevarnosti pred tujo p~olitiGno silo, XII th pravic
ne prizna in jh tlaci pri vsaG priliki v svoji drza-
vi, potem so razredno zavedni delavci V svobod-
Proletarec. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1906-19??, 1916-02-01

placal 2OoO dolarjev policiji, da Sc ne hi trudila
Z iskanjem pravih zlocincev.
Dosti zanimivo opisuie Bertsche. kako ie cd
dal onih 2OOO dolarjev kapitanu tajne policije.
Prlnesel mu ie znesek V urad in mu povedal. "a
kaI ola gre. kapitan ie wei 1000 dolariev in deial
posredovalcu, maj odda drugi tisoGak drugemu
predpostavljenemu, kateremu maj pa ne pove, da
Je placal re MENU tisoG dolariev. Bertsche ie sto-
ril tako, in ma Ia naGin je dobil detektivski kapi-
tan Sc 800 dolarjev cd drugega tiso6aka, skupai
torei 1900 dolariev.