davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03

phenomena. The apparent impossi.
bility of inducing large portions of
the public to practice personal hy-
giene of the most elementary sort is
another index of the rough-and-ready
kind. The behavior of the masses in
time of war or of threatened war is
another significant thing. The ease
with which they can be swayed by
'accelerators' employing Fictitious slo-
gans, like specious appeals to alleged
patriotism, is astounding. The facil-
ity with which they can be cajoled
by pensions, bonuses and compensa-
ton devises, in lieu of proper wages,
is unbelievable We need to study
more carefully the crowds chronic
imbecility. The eugenic, the political
and the industrial bearings of this
Observation-Disclosures are most i'm
portant"
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
WILL FIGHT FOR ANTi-PlCKET
LAWS

A strong, unrelenting fight must be
waged to retain these laws on our
statute books. That long battle must
be fought by this association. AS a
first step every member of this or
ganization should see to it that he
registers and votes: then he should
insist on his family, employees and
friends doing likewise. Money con-
tributed for such a campaign cannot
alone win the day Enthusiasm and
cooperation on the part of every bust
ness man are absolutely necessary to
accomplish the desired results.
Strikingly before us are many in
stances of where organized small MI
such as the labor unions,
whose membership includes not to
exceed per cent of the industrial
population, have, through persistent
exerted more powerful influence
among public officials and at election
time than that of ali other political,
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
LOW WAGES A MENACE

SAN FRANCISCO. - The Evening
Bulletin of this city is not impressed
with the steel trusts wage increase
of 10 per cent or $1,50O,O 900 to it's $780,
900 employees. The Bulletin editor
says:
This indicates an average annual
wage of about $500 per man. The
same result is obtained by multiply
ing the rate per hour-22 cents for
unskilled labor-first by ten, as the
average number of hours worked in
a day, and then by 300, which is prob
ably above the maximum number of
days worked in a year. 1t has been
a foresighted policy among steel man
ufacturers, blessed as they have been
with an unlimited supply of unskilled
labor from abroad, to attach to their
service a number of men considerably
in excess of those that they could
employ at one time, or at least for
any appreciable time.
Besides this. it has to be remem-
bered that the $500 rate is an aver
age, and that there must be wages
which fall below $3.50. Seven hundred
dollars a year, according to the care
full computations of numerous inves-
tigators, is the minimum amount on
which the average workingman can
bring up a family in bare decency,
Bare decency' excludes nearly every
thing that we call luxuries. 1t signi-
fies a condition under which work
ingman is practically, in brutal terms,
no better off than breeding animal.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
WOULD PROTECT WORKERS
BY LEGISLATION

ALBANY, N. Y..-Senator Wagner
has introduced an amendment to the
state labor laws which will deny EN-.
ployers the right of court review of
decisions of the state industrial com.
mission, increasing the penalty for
locking doors ip factories and more
definitely fixing responsibility for en-.
forcement of laws upon the whole
commission. AS the law now reads a
factory owner who has been ordered
to improve his property may go to the
courts and delay enforcement.
Another amendment increases the
penalty for violation of the law re-
quiring factory exits to be unlocked
Senator Wagner says that of all the
fires which have occurred during the
past few years where there has been
loss of life, nothing has contributed
so much to the loss of life as locked
exits.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
WHY CHILD LABOR BILL
rs OPPOSED IN SOUTH

GREENVILLE, S. C.-According tC
the Home Circle, published in this
city, here are the reasons why south
ern cotton mill owners oppose the
Keatin-Owen child labor bill, which is
intended to exclude from interstate
commerce child labor products:
"First-When children are excluded
from the mills, they have to go to
school, be educated and enlightened
"Second-Ignorance is what pleases
the cotton mill authorities.
"Third-Education means light
knowledge, power, emancipation and
freedom.
"Fourth-The cotton manufacturers
have been made vastly rich by work
ing children at half wages, doing
grown folks work.
"Fifth-When this bill is passed,
they well know they will have to pay
the grown folks enough to support
the children anyhow. If they don't
the farms are inviting them.
"Sixth-As long as they can keep
the workers in ignorance, they can
cheat and rob them and control them
more.
"Seventh-When the textile work
ers are better educated, they can get
better employment, therefore demand
better wages-a decent living.
The above are some facts and rea-
sons why this bill is opposed by the
money powers.
Didn't the mill owners circulate
and beg their employees to sign petit
tions, asking for this bill not to be
passed, because it would seriously in
terfere with the factory business?"
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
HUGE DIVIDENDS DECLARED
"LABOR'S SHARE"-WiLL DO THE
FIGHTING IN CASE OF WAR

NEW YORK.-The Winchester Re
peating Arms company has declared
dividend of 465 per cent, and the
Atlas Powder Company dividend OF
$3.50 per cent.
The report of the former concern
shows net earnings of $4,652,095 on a
capital of $1,OOO,OOO The Atlas Pow
der Company shows net income OF
s1,671,762 in 1915, compared with
s474,1 $50 in 1914.
OF the Winchester companys totaI
business for the year, $11 100000 rep
resented domestic orders and $500,
900 foreign, chiefly European deliv
cry. The gross increase was one
third i'm excess of the preceding year
The stock, par value 800, recently
sold as high as $4,000 a share.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
EAsTLAND BUILT FOR FREIGHT

GRAND RAPIDS, Mich. - At the
trial before Federal Judge Sessions
of the owners of the Eastland, eXcur-
sion boat which sank in the Chicago
River last summer, the government
forced Sydney G. jerks, builder of
the boat, to acknowledge that it was
never intended for excursion business
and that the vessel was originally de-
signed to carry a maximum of 500
passengers and a small quantity of
freight, principally fruit From this
original purpose, he said, the East
boat to carry from 1900 to 5000 pas
sengers without any mathematical
calculations of scientific stability
tests being made to determine its
safety.
Company officials will claim that
piling and rock distractions on the
river bottom caused the boat to tip
over. The government contends that
outside agencies, such as piling and
other distractions, had not the re-
motest connection with the disaster,
that the boat was of faulty construc-
ton for excursion purposes, and that
the officials of the st. Joseph-Chicago
Steamship Company knew this and
conspired to send an unseaworthy
ship to sea for profit
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
CEMENT STRIKE STILL ON
TOWN NOT "UN-AMERICAN"

Mitchell, Ind-The Lehigh Port
land Cement Company has evidently
abandoned it's policy of intimidating
workmen who have been striking for
the right to organize. Low wages
and long hours at this plant forced
the workers to unite. This was fol
lowed by the most active members
being discharged, followed by riots
instigated by gunner, imported by
the company. The Tribunee, publish
ed in this city, indicated the condi.
tions against which cement workers
struck when it boastfully declared
"In Mitchell we have the cheapest Ia
Dor this side of China" The editor
gave this as a reason why other in
dustries should locate here.
The Lehigh Portland Company has
discovered it's bludgeon policy has
not produced results and has an
nounced that hereafter the eight-hour
day and minimum rate of S1.70 will
be the rule.
This company is still opposed to
organized labor, and unionists say the
latest move is an attempt to create
the impression among cement users
the company is fair to organized Ia
Dor.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
PRESIDENT OF EMPLOYERS ASSOCIATION SUGGESTS
LAWLESSNESS AND VIOLENCE TO CRIPPLE UNIONS
WOULD BOYCOTT UNION LABELS AND BUTTONS
SKINNER SAYS EMPLOYING CLASS SHOULD
VOTE AS ONE IN COMMON INTERESTS
Capitalists Are Too Lenient With UnonssKu Klux Kan
Needed To Abolish Union Bug" QabeD

The vicious principle that working
| people should not be permitted to
organize for mutual protection and
advancement is gradually being
abandoned by the ruling class as an
| Open-and-above-b board method of re-
preston. Contemptuous defiance of
the so-called rights of man is no long
er regarded as good tactics. Certain
forms of cooperative effort on the
part of wage-slaves are all right, say
the bosses. Just as there are good
unions and bad unions. A bad union
| is one that uses "coercive methods
and employs business agents and
walking delegates. 1t insists upon the
practice of collective bargaining rela-
tive to wages and working conditions
A good union is, according to the en-
ploying class, one in which the "gen-
uine workers" confer directly with
their employers, and accept whatever
terms are vouchsafed by the kind
hearted bosses. In other words, a
good union is one whose members are
granted the great American right"
to life, liberty and the PURSUIT of
happiness without adopting any eff
fective means of obtaining any of
these delectable ends excepting the
PURSUIT. 1t is entirely praisewor.
thy to go to the bosses as individual
wage slaves and BEG FOR MERCY,
as a sort of charity, but it is i'm
moral, despotic, un-American, crimi-
nal, to DEMAND justice and better
element" in the labor movement
would adopt such intolerable methods
against exploitation. Such sovereign
citizens of this great republic should
be disciplined, by force if need be-
Says Mr. Skinner (how appropriate
the name), President of the Employ
ers' Association of Washington:
Calls Conduct Outrageous
81 firmly believe that there is no
other element, religious or secular, in
the community, that could for so long
and so persistently have continued
the outrageous conduct that labor
unions have permitted and encour
aged without it's creating in each COM
munity an organization similar TO the
Klu Klux Klan."
Lest it be thought that we are over
emphasizing the brutal candor of the
labor-skinner element, we quote at
full length speech made by Mr.. G.
N, Skinner, president of the Employ
ers' Association of Washington, at |
the annual meeting of this patriotic
organization held in Seattle last week
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
HOW 1T is SHOWN

HOW IT is SHOWN
This is evidenced frequently bv III,
Willingness and apparent desire Of
large proportion of officeholders t.
do things they would naturally be re
luctant to perform for the purpose o
currying favor with that particulaj
element. The employers and allie
organizations all over the world havt
cut out for them a distinct and well
defined duty, both as individuals anc
as organizations They must con
tribute work and personal interest tc
a degree that will offset the inces
SAINT and effective activity of the ir
responsible minority.
Very often we find men of large
affairs who are not at all familiar with
the efforts and purposes of organiza
tiOns such as ours. For this reason
our principal efforts need to be di
rected along educational channels
The people must be made to know the
nature and consequences of these
harmful elements in society and be
sufficiently aroused so that they, too,
will be ready to take part in this cam,
paign of public education.
Often we are accused of trying to
destroy the unions To those who
bava hoan ooDDoo+o5 ,,-;tI, o,,, r,.o,,1-
we do not have to explain that we
are not against unionism, but oppose
the manipulation of this unit of in
dustrial strength for personal gain
and political purposes. From time to
time we have to chide our people for
not being more firm in their devo-
tion to principles in order to combat
such efforts.
firmly believe that there is no
other element, religious or secular, in
the community, that could for so long
and SO persistentIy have continued the
outrageous conduct that labor unions
have permitted and encouraged with
out it's creating in each community an
organization similar to the klu klux
klan.
Notwithstanding our knowledge of
the existence of such outrages as
have been perpetrated, we have come
to assume that this conduct on the
part of the labor unions is a fixed
and necessary evil that we have to
abide by and allow to flourish In
other countries, where these unions
have been in existence for greater
lengths of time and where they have
recently been called upon to demon
strate their patriotism-what do the
Continued on page ~
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03

government, are yet the most progres-
sive and contented people in Europe,
for the reason that the Emperor Of
Germany has got himself absolutely
believed in by his people So that
he may do anything he desires and
they are glad to have him do it."
The anthracite operators are now
spending $2,OOO,OOo to get themselves
believed in so that they may do
anything they desire and the Amer
lean people will be glad to have
them do it."
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
IRON MoLDERs RAISE WAGES

SYRACUSE, N. Y-Nearly 400 iron
molders are benefited by a one-year
agreement signed by the Iron Mold
ers' Union and the Foundrymen's as
sociation. which took effect the first
of the month. Wages have been in
creased 35 cents a day, which makes
the present rate 1915. Time and one
half will be paid for overtime and
double time for Sundays, New Years
Memorial day, Fourth of July. Labor
day and Christmas.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
LabOr'S Progress
MILLS TO WORK NIGHTS
ON BIG LUMBER ORDERS

ABERDEEN.-With foreign orders
piling up for Australian and South
American ports and demands of the
plant for lumber for the new Peter
son shipyards heavy, John Wilson,
manager of the Wilson Brothers lum-
Der company, has announced that the
Wilson mill, beginning March 1, will
run night shift as well as a day
shift. This will give work to 100 more
men.
New industries and extensions an
nounced in the past 10 days will in
crease the city's pay roll by 500 men
by March /.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
WAIST MAKERS WIN

BOSTON.--As a result of a strike
several thousand waist makers, af
filiated to the International Ladies'
Garment Workers Union, have Sc
cured union recognition, wage in
creases of from to 20 per cent, and
reduction of working hours from
54 to 49 per week. The union has in
creased it's membership by about
1000.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
INCREASE FOR PRINTERS

SACRAMENTO.-The Topographic
cal union and printing employers have
agreed to the following wage rates
for floormen: $24,75 per week until
March 81, 1916; $25 from April 1,
1915, to September 30, 1916; $26
thereafter until December 81, 1918.
The minimum rates for apprentices
are: Third year, one-third of jour
neyman's scale; fourth year, one-half
of a journeyman's scale; fifth year,
two-thirds of a journeyman's scale. A
Joint committee of employers and en-
ployes shall be appointed to devise
educational methods for these appren'
tees.
Under the agreement all differences
are to be adjusted by conciliation or
arbitation.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03

BY Basil M. Manly
WASHINGTON. - The anthracite
coal operators have instituted a $2..
100000 advertising campaign to tell
the American people that they cannot
afford to increase the wages of the
miners a single penny. The operators
slogan is millions for publicity, but
rot one cent for wages"
Ivy l.. Lee, now press-agent for J
b. Rockefeller, established the pub
llcity bureau for the anthracite opera
tors in 1903. In connection with the
testimony before the Commission on
Industrial Relations, a statement by
lEy Lee was developed which reveals
the purposes and methods of the an
thracite operators publicity bureau.
Mr. Lee said:
AN experience in the anthracite
strihes of 1903 will illustrate this
idea: The miners asked for a stand.
ard rate of wages to apply at all col
'ieries. 1t seemed monstrous to the
operators. They therefore took the
actual pay sheets for certain mines
and applied the proposed rates to the
actual rates then being paid. They
fOund-and so stated specifically to
the public-that in some cases the i
mems demand called for wages three
times as great as were being paid.
That announcement was shown to a |
railroad president and he said. What
is the use of putting out anything of |
that sort? The people want to know
about the whole thing and not about
a few petty details He had hardly |
uttered that suggestion before the |
evening papers were on the streets
with such headings as Miners Ask
$50 Per Cent. Increase in Wages. /
Now if you give me the headings, | /
will give you the articles and edi. !
torials. Any man reading that head. |
ing would Immediately jump to the .
conclusion that the miners were
set of hogs"
Mr.. Lee succeeded in his publicity
campaign in 1903 in doing Just what
the anthracite operators press bureau
is trying to do now-make the public .
think the miners are a lot of hogs. |
Whether they succeed depends upon
the public. After a faker has told
them plainly just how he operates his
swindle, will they fall a second time
for the same game, in the same place,
with the same dealer, and the same
pack of marked cards?
The anthracite operators evidently
believe the public will take the bait
as readily as ever, for they are bet
ting $2,OOO,OO0 on it.
This belief is based on three car.
1inal principles of publicity as laid
down by Ivy Lee in an address be-
fore the Railway Guild, which he sent
Mr., Rockefeller, before being put on i
he permanent payroll, in order that
Mr.. Rockefeller might understand ]
some of the ideals by which I work"
These are the three cardinal prin.
,iples which set forth the attitude Of
Mr.. Lee and the anthracite operators j
oward the American people:
In the first place, crowds do not
'eason;
Second, crowds are led by symbols
md phrases; +
Third, success in dealing with {
crowds rests upon the art of
getting believed in. We know that !
Henry the Eighth by his obsequious
difference to the forms of law was
able to get the English people to be
ieve him so completely that he was
lble to do almost anything with them.
vt the present time. the German EN- +
,ire as l see it, the most despotic {
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
IMPORTANT!

PROF. J. n. BOWMAN OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
WILL SPEAK IN THE FORUM, 1912
CALIFORNIA ST. SUNDAY AT 3
PM, ON THE ECONOMIC CAUSES
OF THE EUROPEAN WAR" AD-
MISSION FREE. EVERY BODY
WELCOME
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03

N.-Representatives of the
Machinists' union have started a 10
weeks organizing campaign among
these workers in Rhode Island and
Connecticut.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
BOARD OF CONTROL
TO MEET SUNDAY

The newly elected Labor Journal
Board of Control will meet Sunday
at 10 am, in the Labor Temple. I'm
portant business will be transacted
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03

Washington, n c., is talking of go
ing dry. That will be almost a casus
belh for some of the nations there
represented diplomatically-St Louis
Globe Democrat
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03

The next time We have to send Ger
many a note, We favor letting Billy
Sunday write it.-Columbia State
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03

The pacifists ought to be lucky
they are always knocking Wood.-Co-
lumbia State.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03

The basic trouble with international
law is that it has never been inter
national-New York Sun.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03

PASADENA, Calf. - The Typo
graphical union has negotiated two
year agreement which provides for
81 increase Immediately and an addi-
tional 81 during the second year.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
BIGGEST PART OF COAL COST
ADDED OUTSIDE OF MINE
BY Vernon r. Smith

A ton of anthracite, chestnut size
Cfor which the Minneapolis consumer
pays 1915 a tom costs the Pennsyl.
vania mine owner from So to $2.25 a
ton on the cars ready for shipment.
According to report made by the
United States government on anthra.
cite prices in 1912, the miner gets 54
cents of this amount for the actual
digging and loading.
The rest is maintenance inside and
outside the mines, other labor costs.
supplies, etc, and includes all items
that the mine operator sees fit to put
in, even to maintenance of New York
offices. In other words, the 1925 is
a padded figure
WHERE PROFITS GO
On this ton of coal. the mine owner
takes approximately $110 as his pro
fit. The retailer gets 81 for the ton
of coal as his profit.
The railroads get the rest.
These figures, of course, do not
pretend to be exact, but they are fair
approximations and they illustrate the
Anthracite coal is controlled by as
airtight monopoly as exists in the
world. The mine owner, railroad and
retailer have been spoken of as if
they We're different individuals.
The fact is that in most instances
they are single group of individuals.
The coal-carrying roads are the mine
owners. They are the freight car
riers. And they are the biggest re-
tailers
They fix the price of coal to the
on the basis of this monop-
ply, and that price is all the traffic
will bear"
Yet the railroad mine owners. in an
expensive advertising campaign they
are conducting all over the country
are representing that if they grant
The demand of the miners for a 90
per cent increase in wages they will
have to add go cents a ton to the
price of coal, making the cost to the
household consumer of chestnut coal
IS 95 instead of $835,
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03

at the Hotel Washington. 1t was Civ
en- in the Seattle Times as follows:
SAYS MR.. SKINNER:
At this time there is before us, as
well as contemplated, some very rad
ical legislation that will have a tre-
mendous influence, either for good or
for evil, upon our entire state. It
will, unquestionably, have more to do
with the progress of the affairs of
Washington than anything we could
anticipate as happening in the future
| mean, in particular, the referred
measures and the proposed initiative
and referendum bills that are to be
voted on in the fall election. Chief
among these is the anti-picketing law,
enacted by the last legislature, but
suspended from operation through
referendum petitions. This law is of
incalculable Importance to all employ
ers and to the public generally, in
that it would put an end to one of
the most vicious, brutal and un-Amer-
lean practices known to industrial
life.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03

commercial and civic bodies put to-
gether.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
Others Are Important

The other measures, with which
you are all familiar, are of equal i'm
portance and should finally become
the laws of the state. Although the
legislature passed those laws unanl.
mously, a small organized minority
of voters have been able to handcuff
and prevent them from becoming op-
erative and may be able, eventually,
to defeat the laws by a referendum
vote
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-03-03
Millions for Publicity
BY Basil M. Manly

CFrom Committee on Industrial Rela