davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-01-02

Lake Superior region, near the Canad-
 ian boundary, and, being above the
 average richness, 1t furnishes a still
 larger percentage of pig iron and actu-
 ally 95 per cent of the entire steel
 output of the United States, as shown
 by the statistics of the United States
 geological survey collected by MT. F.. F.
 Burchard, the statistician on that sub
 ject. MT. Burchard, at the request of
 the Manufacturers Record, has pre-
 pared map of the United States show
 ing the routes which this ore is ob
 1iged to traverse from the mines to
 points where it is consumed. The map
 also locates the iron ore deposits of
 this country east of the Mississippi,
 and shows the total iron ore produc-
 tion of each state. Going farther than
 this, the map shows the chief area fed
 by this Lake Superior ore, where near
 ly all of our munitions of war are
 manufactured.
 POINTS BROUGHT OUT The points brought out by this clear and convincing map are altogether too evident. In the first place, over s1 per cent of the entire lake product
 goes through the Sau1t Ste. Marie canal and of this over two-thirds went last year through the Canadian locks. Only one third, slightly less, even re- mained actually in the United States on it's way to the consumer. Any dam ages to these locks would embarass the whole iron world. The people of the United States are not so accus- toned to studying the ways and means of the vandal as recent experiences have shown become operative in time of war. But it is evident that all such opportunities have become thoroughly familiar to other nationalists. They, therefore, deserve careful considera- tion at home.
 Fortunately, further study of this interesting man shows that, granted time for sufficient prepartion, the Uni- ted States is in no way dependent upon these border ores.
 | As amply shown in this journal few years ago by pr. c. W. Hayes, then chief geologist of the United States
 ores of the present merchantable grade and located in the south and the south .. J ern middle states are sufficient for ] the entire country's needs for many years They lack only the phenomenal | ly low transportation rates character istic of the Great Lakes. But study 1 of Ramage's classic reports on the pos- abilities of our inland waterways shows that this local advantage may i easily be made more general if out 1 obvious canal routes are intelligently developed.
 It must not be thought that the ob- vious advantage of placing an addi- tinal supply of steel plants and muni- ton factories behind the protecting front of the Alleghenies for purposes | of national defens is the only serious reason for such development.
 Our industrial concerns need such protection as greatly as the nation as 1 a whole. But in the peaceful develop ment of internal industries the saving 1 in freights by the development of local | industries is the naturally beneficent 1 result of the fairer transportation laws | which our interstate commerce com mission is developing The important effect of telephone, telegraph and wire
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-01-02

less telegraphy in centrallZlng manu-
 featuring industries has been we'll
 pointed out by Perkins. But beyond
 doubt this has been overdone.
 FOLLY OF GENERALIZATION
 This is seen by considering the fact
 that where iron and steel industries
 go, all inter-related indu-.Iles develop.
 It is just as possible to produce con-
 centrapon of industries in new cen
 ters by the mere leaven of steel works
 The folly of further eastern concern
 tration is commercially evident. It Is
 better business to make centers where
 they will be needed in the future. For
 example, the greatest manufacturing
 asset of the Rocky mountain country
 is the steel development of southern
 Colorado There is absolutely no fac
 tor so self-sufficient as the iron in
 dustry in developing all kinds of in- 1 dustrial activity.
 The chamber of commerce that can induce the installation of one large plant for general steel products has 8 nucleus which, properly worked up, will bring everything else to the city selected.
 If we turn for moment to the logi- cal results of increased steel produc- tion in the southern and middle west ern states, it is proper to make repeat ed reference to certain chemical in dustries for which the south offers eX- ceptional resources and for which steel development will prove a developme ment- 1 al feature.
 By extending it to iron ores which are now valueless because containing too much lime it might be easy to find a solution of the south's potash prob lem by utilizing the extremely inter- esting process of McElroy and Spen- cer, by which the excess of lime in the ores would be neutralized by the use of potash feldspars instead of such chance silica as might be otherwise available. Under this process the pot ash is volatilized and collected as fume 1 from the blast furnace stacks. either as cyanide or carbonate, according to the method of working. We recognize that 1 the problem of obtaining potash from 1 feldspars stands at the present time | in the uncertain zone between success and failure. The chances are that eventually this source of potash will | be availed of, but if the potash can thus be obtained as by-product of l steel manufacture it's success becomes I immediate.
 RULES SULPHUR MARKET | The south rules the worlds sulphur market, but ships far too much away which might be so easily converted 1 into sulphuric acid. It is suggestive to | think that. even in roasting Virginia pyrite for making sulphuric acid, the roasted ore is valuable not only for l iron, but for copper, and this roasted | ore is suitable for one of the very catalytic agents used in oXidizing the | sulphur dioxide to the sulphuric acid stage. Again, the last year has seen
 the introduction of special cast irons for chemical evaporating dishes which have proved especially suitable for concentrating sulphuric acid Again the sulphuric acid is in turn handmaid for the iron industry in steel picllling processes, ga1vanizing, etc.
 What is true of sulphuric acid is equally so of hydrocholric, nitric and other acids which become possible of
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-01-02
FROM PETROLEUM

It was hoped at that time that benzol and toluol might be found as constitu- ents of one another variety of crude petroleum in the United States, just as they are both found in Roumanian crude petroleum, but a careful search over all parts of the coluntry failed to reveal more than mere traces, of no value. This being the case, the incalculable value may be appreciated of the development by pr. w. F. Rittman, chemist in the national bureau of mines, of a process by which any desired quantity of both. benzol and toluol could be produced from any variety of petroleum or from any pe- troleum residue or from shale oils.
 It must De clearly understood that this is not a process of extraction of these substances from oil, but actual conversion of petroleum into them.
 By this new process oils are made to yield more than 10 times as much as can be obtained from coal. The process is not costly as to apparatus and is practically continuous in its action. By it the bureau of mines has made this country absolutely independ- ent as to an unlimited supply of high explosives, so far as the basic mate rials, benzol and toluol, are concerned, and by tle fact that this process was developed by the bureaus work, it is free to the public under proper license from the bureau of mines, and cannot become a monopoly.
 By this process. it is understood, con- siderable supplies of benzol and toluol are now being made in Pittsburg, al- though the process was only 1abora- tory experiment last February.
 It is particularly easy to apply it to the residues of the oils of the gulf ,or Caddo regions; and with the sul- Phuric acid so easily made there and the nitric acid which sulphuric acid would aid in producing (and it should be remembered that nitric acid is now being made in Germany from the air), picric acid and trinitrotoluol-"T N T." as it is called-can be produced with case.
 Given a sufficient supply of hydro electric power for making nitric acid from the air, the United States would be entirely independent in every way in the making of explosives. Without adequate development of hydroelectric power for making nitrates, the United States would still be dependent upon Chile, thousands of miles away. It is safe to say that every important coun- try is taking steps to provide a nj trate supply because the comparative ly early exhaustion of the Chilian sup ply
 Without extending this article to an unreasonable length. it is evident that the south has the best of the argument as the region for the preparing of the nation as to high explosives, and it has also abundant supplies of marketable iron ores. of which less than S.000,000 tons were mined last year. Good pol icy points to its greater development.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-06-02

Child want you to cut my hair
and here is 10 cents
Barber-But a haircut costs 20
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-06-02
laugh-you know I've got a split

A story in which Lord Mimic
used to delight in telling was of an
experience he had while he was vice.
roy of India One morning in Simla
he wanted to speak to the commander
in-chief of the Indian army before
the latter started work for the day,
Sc he set off unattended to pay an
early call. When he arrived at the
commander-in-chi official resi-
dence he found his way barred by a
sentry, who apparently did not rec
ognize the visitor.
Lord Mimic explained that he
wanted to see the commander-in-ch chief
but the sentry declined to allow him
to pass.
but l am the viceroy," protested
his lordship.
The sentry looked at him with a
plying smile.
''Ah," he said, thoughtfully, eve
gets all sorts ERE Last week we 'ad
a cove what kidded ITSELF e. was
Queen Victoriar's grandfather. We
'ad to put i'm in strait-waistcoat
SO you'd better push on. Tit Bits
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-06-02

breeze from his electric fan, studied
the ticker feverishly in his metropoli-
tan office, his typewriter girl rushed
in on him and said:
oh, Mr.. Golde! Oh, Mr.. Code!
The butler has just telephoned from
the shore that Mrs. Golde eloped last
night with a college boy!'
" Ethel, you bad GIRL said Gobsa
Code reproachfully, don't make me
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-06-02
"Seashore Morals !"

Raymond Hitchcock, slipping an
iced drink on a wind-sWept Atlantic
City terrace, shook his head and
smiled.
"Seashore morals,' he had, have
their comic as we'll as their tragic
side.
"Thus an old Gobsa Golde, swelter-
ing in his shirtsleeveS despite the
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-06-02

! Child-My mother cut half of it
already.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-06-02

FOR SALE-City property and some
of the best improved and unim-
proved land in Beltrami county. I
am selling my own property when
you buy from me; you pay no COM
mission and get very easy terms.
E. J. Swedback, Bemidji, MINI.
26d65
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-06-02

FOR SALE-Corner lots, 5O-foot east
front. A bargain if taken at once.
Herbert Wood, 819 America Ave. tt
FOR SALE-Five acre lots in Nv
more, on easy terms. Tel. 249.
Mathew Larson DAFT
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-06-02
CLASSIFIED Department
FOR SALE.

HOUSE FOR SALE-See us for the
best six-room home bargain, 1914
Beltrami avenue. This house is
modern except heat and has six
rooms and bath. It will be sold
at big sacrifice, if sold within
ten days. See George w. Rhea,
Northern National Bank. 5d67
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-06-02

The Sunday school teacher was
talking to her pupils on patience. She
explained her topic carefully, and, as
an aid to understanding, she gave
each pupil a card bearing the picture
Of a boy fishing.
Even PLEASURE she said requires
the exercise of patience See the boy
| fishing: he must sit and wait and
| wait He must be patient"
! Having treated the subject very
! fully she began with the simplest,
most practical question::
And now can any little boy tell
me what we need most when we go
| fshing?'
| The answer was quickly shouted
with one voice:
"Bait.' - Philadelphia Public
Ledger.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-06-02
MsCELIANEOUs

FOR SALE-Typewr1ter ribbons for
every make of typewriter on the
market at SO cents and 7E cents
each. Every ribbon sold for IS
cents guaranteed. Phone orders
promptly filled. Mail orders given
the same careful attention as when
you appear in person. Phone 81.
The Bemidji Pioneer Office Supply
Store.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-06-02

Identification of steam railroads
in the United States last year brought
the total Of such equipment up to
about $500 miles.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-06-02
WANTED.

WANTED TO BUY-One second hand
counter about IL feet; one show
case, eft. floor case. Chas. Fred
erick, Shevlin, MINI. 4d65
WANTED-Dressm at home.
9O7 Bemidji Ave. d2O
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-06-02
FARMS FOR SALE.

"What was the most interesting
thing you saw in Rome?"
"a game between Cominskey's men
and McGraw's crowd. "-Chicago Rec
ord-Herald.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-05-14

The growth of the ius uo-> of ,h.
Fisk Rubber company aud wit ~ a..
natural Increasing of their la,,r,ti,,
has made necessary "A revision o, mi,
department.
On June !. 1916. Gcorsc {. SYNt,.
who has been associated witt Iiromh.d
y Field. Inc. viii hcruiu, ul,,r,.,,,
~ the oompau,
Miss NJ. g. Wchlcr. vh" l, jr..
viycd the Fish advert ing 80 'r, r,,,
aud VIII" has been rcSpou,ibl, fog ,r,.
Of It's uuiuu" idcas aud ,;rorr T. ITO.
drick. who has been ~ .largo - ryh
LEFTY. viii act as %assiIant- q, Nr Sy..
Ivan.
Mr.. sui ivan has had urI ..f p.-l
cncc IN al hriurlo' of ai,.ri. m.
has i"ugh, and sold good M
houglt and soli advert. Ing -inur w..
knows tn" newspaper husiu's. a,.I ,ae
problems Of th" advertising manager ,,t
mot new to him.
His initial advertising .Np,ri,i"c oa,
with the Boston Woven Hos, atI mn.
h"r Company IN th" s.,lo ~ ~. l.,..
tires. Later he hrrani" advert ur ,rI
special sales manager Of TIE I,f... 4
Fisher store OF Denver, cot ti. I,-.
est department store west - ih, "
sissippi, where he had chare, ~ 'I,
merchandising Of stocks uf all l.rt.
His first advertising agtuct N,Vpur,
anne with the theltcnham h~d,.r.,rx
Agency. HI cNpori-nC" ir H., Ji,,r,.
bile industry specially tts Inn Tor ~.
work with the Fisk Ruuh,- r,,rp4r
for three years he was witt g., Amor.
ran Locomotive COMPANY. hrs 20 ,a-ca
Of advertising and later I'm H., .,,t.
lishm'ut of agencies. and lor1U.. OF e,
work IN that direction Wa i.t.. l3s-.
visor Of branches and later 'uina. ,
the branch at chicago. III WH,.N im. .--
h" remained until IN. Am, ri,.r l.ro,.1.
tive Company withdrew from ~, .4ru.
faCtur" Of motor vehicles
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-05-14
TBDAIE TOUCHES ON TIRES.
Discusses Great MILEAGE franklin
Owners ConatnntIx ANcrnxc.

Glenn \. Tisdalc. local distributor Of
the Franklin car. has two tires m the
front wheels of his demonstration which
are still IN fine condition. He showed
them to a prominent New Yorker the
ether day, VIII, exclaimed you don't
mean to tell me that Franklin owners
average 10000 on their tires while I get
only 800 miles from the ones on my
big car
"Dh. yes. do. replied Mr.. Tisdale.
Then. at that rate" continued the
caller, II can save $1,000 in tires every
10000 miles by owning n Franklin
THAT IL true" said the dealer. Did
you ever stop to think that the annual
tire bill paid by American motorists Is
100000 900. as revealed by recently
compiled figures ON the combined sales
4 all tir" companies in 1915?
"Of that amount 500. coo. 600 could
he saved TIE consumer. according to sta
tistics of y prominent technical authority
who last wear received thousands OF re-
port. from owners of cars of all makes.
The car uf IDEAL service was deter
m ned by selecting the make which reg
istried tho h.shrs. average mileage per
SGT of tire. Tie result of this classic
cation matched consistently with the ma
tlonHi Ivertg" published by the manu-
facturcr OF the car established a. the
standard 1880 miles per set of tires.
Tho mileage ~ all the other makes Of
ears averaged $3.50 mllcs per set, less
than half IN" base mileage
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-05-14
TEACHING THE OWNER TO
KNOW HIS AUTOMOBILE
Being the Eleventh of a Series of Practical Articles by
IN Expert on the Subject of the
Car and Its Operation.

this article Spniy the sliding seal type
will be discussed. and . brief eSplina-
tion offered as to its working.
A. the centre Of the chart IS shown
complete Transmission assembly together
with clutch. in i previous article the
object Of the clutch was discussed to-
gether with 81 working principle. This
member must be discngaged from tho
fly wheel before any attempt is made
to change the position OF the gears. The
clutch release - accomplished by press
Ing the loft pedal forward with the foot.
which throws out the yoke "a" and
pulls clut ii &C. bic, from the fly wheel.
When this 10 lone the clutch will stop
rotating, while the engine continues ITS
cycle.
The transmission proper consists II
two sets of years mounted on shafts, one
above the other, as shown In the char.
The gears vary in size according to the
speed designed. The average transmits
sion has three speeds forward and re-
verse. Those forw ard being low. inter
mediate and high. Some operators term
these speeds first. second and direct.
couutcrslaft IS" has four gears.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-05-14
PIMlIC0 RACING RESULTS.

First Race Maiden t~o-year.oids. SELL
~ sSu, ana Z ha,f fnTsoaSs; Hishmsy,
Gratitude, liz ,keognJ. $40 ar 1910,
second cheisee' II; .IroNirr'. go, ,hird'
Old Drury. Radiant Flower and Eden Park
also ran.
second Racc-Steepiechase. for i-year-
Ewal,. ,5t n,yan'. sls 20, $40. g 80.
, ,s1S : lIsar'1 e o-t' i, ,sm,,Ai. 80
Edwins O,ln and lusIla also ran.
Third isaGs.for three year-o!ds and
ton. lilo ,Grsus,,. s., 50, sf;5o. $50,
won. fontcrfraoJ, IL 'kelss!r. s.. 81 90.
second casa ba. II? Campbell. ~. thlri.
Time. IA i-5. Lady London. M4Nim.s
Choice. AnayrI. salon, pr. Kendall.
Obolus. High Flyer. Sash and Corn BROOM
Fourth Neutrality-suspicious.; purse;
four and one-half fur!ouss: Crark. llc
,buAton,. g. $50 and $3.50; Won Blu"
rhine, o;55, s,r1ieht Forward, sscctof
Than sugar; Leading Lady, Queen OF 'he
Fi:th Race Handicap ,hree-year-oids
AMI up; on" mile and forty yards short
Grass. ies 'Keogh,. -. 10. t:.so ana $. 80.
aud 80. Second: tncic Bryn, lOi ,McAtee'.
$50. third. Time, l:n. Nephthys and
si>,h Race For th-ec.yesr.olds selling;
purse 5000: SIX fur.ongs lima Frank. II"
tMetcalh, straight, fFs"; place. fI6. 50:
show, $50, first: Marianne, 100 ,Ly ke,.
place. $3.50: shon, $50. secoud, Jane
. Straith, i07 ,kcoghl. SHOW, s3..0. third.
Time. ISIS. Sea Reach, l~iecIl~c. Good
counsel. iiqucttc, Piumose and l;cp,on
also ran.
Seventh Race The Annapolis Handicap.
for thrce-y.sr-olds and upward; IN" mi,.
and "A siNtccnth-Alhcna. los fk.oghl ;.
s:e.sO. $3.50 aud 81 90 won; Apria. 10.
,McAteel, &l:.lo and IS so. second. sud
veiser, ~ nLykel, 81 20. third. Tlu".
1:s 3-i. supreme, Little England. Brooms-
edge. Raby Sis,"t. Tamcrlano and Marshon
also ran.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-05-14
PAGES BIG SALES RECORD.
Of $4,000. 900 Mitchell
Cars In q Year.

With a record OF nearly three mill
ion dollars worth OF cars sold the Carl
II. Page Motors Company finished May
10 its first business year as Eastern
distributor for the Mitchell-LSwis Motor
Company. When Mr.. Page took over
the Racine made automobile May II las,
year. after searching investigation Of
plant and product. great public interest
was aroused by the proclamation Of Ms
million dollar belief IN the Mitchell.
handed here AT "A Place in the sun"
Columbus Circle.
Thu first LOT Of cars. estimated as n
years total. were sold in seven months.
and "a half million was next invested
in Mltchells. These went 50 RAPIDLY
that Mr.. Page and his associates bought
another million dollars worth at tn,
New York Show IN January. Orders
continued until all Of the early SERIES
SIX Of sixteen ears We're disposed of in
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-05-14

gear lever "R" has been moved to the
position selecting Low or first speed.
This brings the main shaft first speed
sliding gear IT, in mesh with the
countershaft first speed gear C In
this manner the engine power is trans
mitted from ~" to e. and from q
to ~ and then through NJ to the
rear axle.
Assuming that gear - Is half :he
size OF "E," IL then will have TO make
two revolutions to effect one of II.
Likewise IL gear q" IL half the size of
gear 3D." Il will have to make two rev
olutions 20 effect one OF a." It will be
seen from this that II the motor should
me turning over 1900 revolutions. shat
"M' would he turning only 300 revolu-
lions. In this manner the motor obtains
a greater leverage 70 drive the car UP
hill.
The eecond speed Is obtained IN n
similar manner. except that gears -
and X approximate each other In size
50 that gear reduction Is not so low.
For example. with gear - revolving
1000 Il. =. NJ. shaft IN" would be turn
ing about coo Il. y. NJ.
The third or direct speed is obtained
by coupling the " gears -" and Is
together by means ~ n dog clutch or
internal gear. In this manner the power
is transmitted direct from the crank
shat, to IN" withou: any gear rednr-
ton. This is termed direct drive,
In order TO obtain n reverse direction
OF shaft M to that 81 gear - e. -
necessary to drive through u reverse
idler gear. such as IL shown at "
with this position of the gears the power
is transmitted from -" to ~" and from
III" TO "f' to ~" The reverse idlcr