davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-26
A Word for Mexico.

To the Editor Of The Tribune.
Sir: Like every other patriotic citizen u
these days Of national anxiety / believe mos
thoroughly in standing by the President
However much we may have differed WIKI
him in the past, now that We are face "
face with trying problems and conditions VIZ
must all stand b. him ard back OF nia.
At The same time may / say O WoiH -o'
"ro0r Nexico'-not. mark you, for me c--
throats. who are causing most OF ne .ioe-
that has come 20 both Mexico and the Dn'.-'
States, but for Mcxco-the better AeA'eo
the people who have not and 90 not WISH 7"
have any part I'm any unpicasantness WIFE o-.
citizens. Let rs not condemn all ioF ""-'
some have done. 81.
OF course We must defend our rights
must protect the lives and interests OF o..
people--to this we aye surely agreed. D-'
Us remember that prudence is always 'D.
better part Of yeior" We must "be sure w
are right before We 90 ahead
Our Mexican war III The for'ies was nov
war that we can be proud Of. Lincoln ana
Crant-two Of the greatest Americans oN4'
excepting Washington only, the Two gFeA'ss
americans have both left on record '"e'
opinion that In that war we greatly "ro"s.-
Mexico and her people that Cha, "ar "4' ''-
Of pure sefshncss on our part
Hence, LAY, having wronsed Mexico ohSi
let US be careful 20 10 nothing that "ol.I
seem 70 point TO gnfairness or injustice ag,ln'
Only to-day read the opinion Of me hs''
DR.. ;. ". Butler. who. 90 a Methodist mission
airy, has spent forty-three years in Mexico.
lie regrets that we found 10 necessary - ~
into Mexico during the present dtcl.,s,,'
and thinks the Mex.cans are ius,ined do 'se.
ing hurt at our Invasion Of their terr.'0i'.
Here is the opinion Of a man who orght "
know what he Is talking about Y - Be "1'
,ha- experience Is the best teacher D.
Then say lot us be "sure Of our ground
in every step SIC take.
Rather let Us suffer some insults ard even
wrongs from irrc spons Die bandits and n.sa-
waymcn thar that SIZE should IN The least 90
any wrong 20 the Mexican people az arg.
TIE world will know II We are patient 'aa'
IL is not because Of covardice, but because
the true American will rather suffer wrons
than infict wrong. X Il.
New York. June p. 1916
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-26

enceau once not ineptly defined as "a man
about whom people still believe what was
never true" 1t . not too much TO say
that Colonel Roosevelt never fully under
stood the Progressives, and it is equally
true that the Progressives did not IN the
least understand the Colonel.
Criticism Of the later course Of the Colo
mel will he as unfair as the criticism Of
Van Buren,. Both acted honorably within
the limits of their vision. both naturally
and inevitably returned to their normal
partisan allegiance when the main purpose
for which trey fought had been partially
achieved ard for the rest hopelessly de
feated.
What is really interesting is not the fut-
ure Of the Colonel. 1t is not even the eff
feet Of his Endorsement of Mr.. Hughes.
The latter will doubtless add to Mr..
Hughcs's vote, but much will depend upon
how strongly the Colonel says what he
patiently lad to say in any event. The
real problem, the real thing of interest is
the future. not Ct tie Progressive party,
which The Colonel seems about to execute,
but Of tire thing the party represented in
American political life and in tie minds
Of many r.ogressives.
It is idle % suppose thai tho Rep"bi-
can party car s-val'Jw it al sitting. IT
is folly to relieve that any considerable
portion Of i WI go 10 the Democratic
party. Between the TWO parties Progress
sives may this year decide according to
their former allegiance, and this means a
Republican victory. But as to the future
there is sound reason for believing that
one of the two parties will have to make
tself over if the Progressives are to be
kept within existing party lines.
Apparently we are drifting toward an
other campaign like that of 1852, when
both parties tacitly agreed to avoid the
subject uppermost in all mems minds. But
this tacit agreement wrecked the Wing
party. As for the Democratic party, It
won one more campaign and then went
into exile for almost a quarter Of cen
turv. The Democratic harmony Of 1852
was followed by the break Of 1860, not into
one but several factions.
If Colonel Roosevelt was the Progress
sive party, it will die with his re-
turn to the Republican party. If the
Progressives were Roosevelt Republicans
and party men, the Republican party vii!
simply and easily return to power, not for
a season but for years, for defeat will
disorganize the Democratic party, which
has become in fact one-man party. But
is it not at least possible that there was
in the Progressive party vitality like
that in the Free Soil, an idea or an ideal
which may survive Roosevelt's departure
as the Free Soil principle survived the
passing Of Van Buren, and the Barn Burn
ers? Republicans who answer this query
with an emphatic and ready negative will
do we'll to walk warily and not to bank
too heavily on the notion that the Pro
gressives were only temporarily disaffected
Republicans-were in fact nothing but
Roosevelt Republicans.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-26
Boosting Newark.

No one who knew Newark, busy, pros
porous and attractive, would have thought
that city lacking either in individuality or
enterprise. Yet it seems that the "city's
Interpretation Of itself" that is, the cele-
bration of its 250th anniversary, 'must
create tendencies for the city's better
ment." In other worGs. Newark has been
seized with the Getty boosting spirit which
is so rampant in the West. AS a little
pamphlet, "The Fellowship of Cities A
Newark Idea sets it forth: Zone result
Of the celebration will be to teach Newark
how 10 speak of herself effectively 70 all
the other cities in the land. Her attitIde
of fellowship toward her sister cities viii
he the precursor of a national interchange
of civic aims and ideals Cities, like midi
viduals, must cooperate if they mean 70
thrive. They must acclaim their ability
and equipment to achieve. TO manufacture,
10 produce what other cities want This
is an age of self-aflirmation."
Newark has ability and equipment. A
IdpiulN growing CITY whose manu- dcl9ieS
are important not only for the annual out
put, but for their diversity, whose ship
pers have the advantage of railroads and
rivers, Newark is nevertheless a good
place TO live ina city of broad streets. OF
pleasant, wel.-kept parks, OF good schools
notable for a library which is a genuine
civic centre; a city whose people lead
goodly lives and in the midst Of the world ;
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-26
WILLIAM HElNEMANN.
JOSEPH PENNELL.
Real Staterooms!

To the Editor Of The Tribune
Sir: While coming down the Hudson this
morning read your article regarding state
rooms" on steamers and started 20 investi-
gate The staterooms on this steamer-the
Washington Irving Of the Hudson River
Day Line-are real staterooms, each being
ramed for some state. and the coat-of-arms
Of that state carved in the doors.
Z. C. H.. Jr.
On Board Steamer Washington Irving.
June 70. 1916.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-26

You can purchase merchandise advertised in
THE TRIBUNE with absolute safety-for
if dissatisfaction results in any case TIE
TRIBUNE guarantees TO pay your money back
upon request No red tape. no quibbling. We
make good promptly If the advertiser does not.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-26
MONDAY. JUNE 20, 1915.

oar,a and published daily by Toe Tribune Association
N,,s YcsN corroratcn OGDEN REID President O. Ne'''
Harers Vice President. Richui n Waldo Secretary
r s..,, Treasurer Address, Tribune building. lSt
Nss,a, st-,ef New York Telephone Beckmsn 5000.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-26
The Rodin Memorial TO Whistler.

To the Editor OF The tribune.
Sir: Inquiries having been made regarding
the memorial to J. MN. Whistler by VI. Au-
euste Rodin organized by the international
Society Of Sculptors, Painters and Gravers,
the committee of the memorial wishes 70
communicate TO you the last letter received
from ". Rodin. dated April -. 1915:
"Le Monument Whistler etait presque fat
lorscue Ia guerre est venue. ct je ny al plus
travaillt. C'est Ia premiere chose que je vais
fsire sitot Que je serai un peu libre Je ne
peux r6pondre a vos souscripteurs en- &c
moment. mails six mos apres la guerre
terminee. le monument pourra Sc METRE
Londres. Ces six mois, il les compte pour la
fonte do bronze rsque rsctiher de quelques
mois. AOGCSlb KUHN.
The entire sum required for the memorial
has been collected. invested and placed IN
the hands OF trustees.
WILLIAM HElNEMANN.
JOSEPH PENNELL.
Honorary secretaries. Whistler Memorial
international Society OF Sculptors, Paint
ers and Gravsrs.
Adelphi Terrace House, Robert Street,
Strand, London. W. c., England, June 6.
1915.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-26
CANADIAN RATS

Entered at ne Tos'o~c, at New Yo-s as Second ca
Msn Mater
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-26

RATrs by MAJ Postage rua ouai'
The Washington times., 1916-08-29
Special Privileges.

A special privilege granted to rail-
road companies by the present Federal
arbitration law. known as the Newlands
act. is that Of administering any award
reached In an arbitration. For instance,
a railroad and its employees may sub
nit to arbitration under the Federal
law, a complicated wage dispute. The
award may be intended to benefit TIE
employees. hut Immediately. and almost
invariably, the railroad official, on that
ROAD interpret the avail to mean a
wage reduction instead OF a wage in
crease. and thus railway employees have
been educated to look upon arbitration
as Rross Injustice.
So long as operating officers of the
railways are permitted to interpret the
language Of an award 10 suit them
selves. compelling the employees to ac-
cent such Interpretation. with the full
knowledge that the boari of arbitra-
ton did not intend its language to be
distorted. the employees are justified In
refusing arbitration.
Can YOU imagine one of the parties
to n suit at law being permitted to In
terpret the courts decision to the eX-
the suit to accept such Interpretation:
Experience has taught the employees
that II requires many months. and often
years. to secure the enforcement OF an
award ~ intended by the arbitrators.
The Washington times., 1916-08-29
WHY NO ARBITRATION.
Railroads Know Who to Fight and
Who to Arbitrate.

1t 10 true that the railroad employees
engaged In engine and train service
have declined to submit their eight
hour demand to arbitration-on any
railroad or for any class Of employees.
1t Is Just as true that the railroads
have refused to include In their pro-
posed arbitration seventy-fve Of the
smaller railroads where they believe a
strike for the eight-hour day can be de-
feated.
The railroads also have refused to in
clude the colored brakemen. firemen and
hostlers In their arbitration. because
those railroads that employ negroes
have never recognized that they had any
rights in the matter.
And on eighteen Of the railroads on
which they propose to arbitrate the
eight-hour day the railroads have re-
fused to include the white hostlers in
their arbitration.
The railroads refuse to arbitrate
wherever and whenever they feel strong
enough to defeat a strike and only in
sist upon arbitration where they fear
they cannot defeat the strike.
BY just such methods the railroads plan
to deceive and caJole the public and at
the same time defeat the demands OF
their employees.
The Washington times., 1916-08-29
Men Must Have Eight. Hour Day.

During the 1915 arbitration of, Nsagss
OF ensineers. fremen. and hostlers, the
railroads presented names OF switch
engineers. one of whom earned SIN 30
In - days" A subsequent investiGa-
ton demonstrated that this man work.
ed an average of II hours and Is min
utes per day for 3 days. an squiva-
lent Of +6is days OF hours each. This
investigation demonstrated that in or
der to make the Sl72s0 he was not only
paid for all OF these hours that he
actually worked. but 66 in addition
thereto AZ % penalties for working this
engineer u hours and 10 minutes on
each Of these Is days without at any
time permitting him TO stop to cat.
The same investigation proved that
to earn the sum Of eli6.H In - days
q fireman worked an average Of q
hours and II minutes each and every
one OF these y cays and with no stop
to eat on any day. This switch engine
nreman's q days were made up Of 397
hours. or an equivalent Of w days OF
hours each. an average Of 99A hours
per week.
At this rate for ~ months this switch
engine fireman would work the equiva-
lent OF 6S5h days Of hours each. An
employe In the building trades In this
same city Of Chicago worked only ~
hours a week. or an equivalent OF -
days of hours each during q year.
Thus this switch engine fireman works
as many hours In one year as an en-
ploye in the building industries works
In two years and ono month.
The Washington times., 1916-08-29
THE THREATENED RAILROAD STRIKE,
Manufacturing Public
Opinion.

While the presidents ana the general
managers of the railroads were tryins
to make President Wilson believe that
they were sincerely endeavoring to
agree among themselves on some basis
Of settlement Of the present eight hour
movement. thev were busily engaged in
creating q public opinion" at an enor.
nous expense to the railroads. as will
be indicated in the following TELEGRAM
which was sent to all station agents
by the officials OF one Of the most
prominent Western railroads:
TT Is highly important to get
trainmen question discussed by
farmers. stock ralssrs. dairymen
and merchants. Please get as many
OF these classes as possible In your
town and vicinity to send tele-
grams rush to President Wilson. at
Washington. d. c.. urgently re-
ouesting him to settle the contro-
versy by arbitration. kilograms
should show business of the sender.
These kilograms are to be paid for
from station funds and statement
sent me for voucher your credit. I
want you to send copies these tele-
grams to me by wire soon as trans
mitted to the President. using our
own wires for this. Might he well
to have some of the most prominent
signers send message to their Con-
grcssmen and Senators In wash'ng-
ton In addition to those sent to
President Wilson. This II very i'm
portnnt and must be given prefer
ence over normal business today"
Information came from other roads
that similar efforts to deceive the Presi-
dent and members Of Congress were
being vigorously pressed by convincing
farmers and merchants that II they
would send kilograms Of this character
to the President and members Of Con-
Rress It would not only prevent q strike.
but prevent an increase In freight
rates.
Thus BY the use Of their surplus
railway companies "manufac-
ture public opinion"
The Washington times., 1916-08-29
Packing the Jury.

In courts Of justice II has always been
considered unfair to include on q Jury
persons who have been prejudicsd,
either by personal knowledge or by
runor. as to the merits Of the case.
The purpose Of the railroads seems to
have been. FIRST to prejudice the public
mind against their employees and then
force an arbitration influenced BY this
prejudice.
The railroads have conducted Q pub
licity campaign at an enormous ex-
pense for the purpose Of producing q
public opinion ~ that the demand Of
the employees for an eisht-hour day 10
unjust. (2) that the public will be
penalized to the extent of $780, 900 per
year II the eight-hour day u granted.
and (a) that no arbitration board should
award the eight-hour day.
In this effort to create a public opinion
against the demands Of railroad en-
ployes for an eight-hour day. these rail-
roads have enlisted In their publicity
campaign nine great advertising
agencies. who in turn have selected
1900 weekly newspapers and between
$500 and 5000 daily newspapers with
which to bias public opinion. In each
Of these newspapers q series OF large
display advertisements have been pub
lished at an enormous expense to the
railroads. In connection with these
efforts. hundreds. II not thousands. Of
editorials have been published in con-
nection herewith. carrying the same
thought as the advertisements. These
editorials have been published In pam
phlet form and thereby given greater
publicity, thus demonstrating that no
far as these 1900 newspapers are con-
cerned. a public opinion already, has
been created.
With the belief that the public mind
has been 30 prejudiced that q fair ar
bitration IL impossible. those san1e rail-
roads, in concert with other employer
associations, known ~ Chambers of
Commsrce, now demand that the eight
hour day Be arbitratsd-
The Washington times., 1916-08-29
REDUCED LABOR COST
Increased Work and Productive
Efficiency Of Railway EmpIoye.
RAILROADS PROFIT GREATLY

During the period OF 1900 to 1916 ths
average freight-train load increased n
per cent. A q result the railroads were
enabled to move an increase OF 104 per
cent In freight tranfic with an advance
OF only 70 per cent in 'freisht-train
miles.
These developments have been marked
by twofold effect upon railroad tran
sportation employees.
In the FIRST place. their labors and r.
sponsibilities have greatly increased.
The engineer has found Il necessary to
piece Of mechanism. and along with
conductors and tralnmen has had his
duties increased by the responsibility OF
looking after much longer and heavier
more arduou. physical work TO perform
because OF the necessity Of handling
more coal for each locomotive milk
In the second place. the productive
efficiency. or the volume OF traffic han
been greatly augmented. Measured on
the basis Of each $1,000 Of compensation
paid. freight engineers on ~ representa-
tive Western railroads In 1913 handled
and freight nremen. for each 1900 paid
them. transported 50 per cent more
freight traffic in the year 1918 than in
1880. In the year 1912 each freight fire.
man In Eastern territory handled on an
average 70 per cent moro freight than
In 1902. Information submitted in Arbi-
tration proceedings during 1913 also
showed that train crews transported,
according to roads. from Is to 81 per
cent more freight In 1917 than In lSo2.
This increased productivity Of trans
portation employees has been attended
by a decrease in costs to the railroad
companies In terms Of wage payments
for each unit Of. traffic handled. Each
Loo tons handled by representative
Western railroads in 1913 cost the COM
panies In wages to engineers and fire-
men 81 cents less than In 100. TAX
Ing all the raiiroaas Of the United
states ss one system. ths. total labor
cost OF operation per loo ton miles
In 1915. The decrease in cost TO the
railroads for the different classes Of
employees for each 900 tons hauled /
mile was. during the same period. a.
follows:
The Washington times., 1916-08-29
Decrease
1914 0yAr

The reduction In costs on individual
railroads has In many instances been
much greater. The revenue rains made
by "a representative Western railroads
because Of increased labor and operAt.
Ing efficiency. during the period 100
1913 were SUFFICIENT to Offset all added
wages or other items Of operating sx-
pense, and still leave q net gain In
operating revenue OF. y cents for each
train mile operated.
Transportation employees have had 10
work harder through longer hours. have
had their responsibilities Increased,
have produced more. have cost the rail-
roads less. and should have further
participation In the fruits Of their
pensation.
The Washington times., 1916-08-29
Railroads Pay Lowest Wages.

A true wage index Is the rate per
hour. Let us compare the wages per
hour Of railway employees In Chicago
switching districts with those of the
building trades In Chicago. Any other
city would do as well. Chicago COM
PARSONS are typical Of them all. The
standard rates of wages per hour now
paid In Chicago are as follows
BUILDING EMPLOYEES.
Bricklayers. portable and
hoisting engineers. inside
wiremen, plasterers, plumb
ers and gasfitters, steam
filters. stonemasons and tile
layers ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. $50 cents
Lathers and marble settlers. H.9 cents
Carpenters. painters, and slate
and tile roofers. ................ 100 cents
Elevator constructors......... SIS cents
Structural iron workers........ $50 cents
Composition roofers. 1000. $50 cents
Laborers In tunnels. wells and
caissons ................ 57.T cents
Laborers on windlass. trench
and scaffold work............ 800 cents
Plaster laborcrs.. 500 cents
Composition roofer's helpers. $50 cents
Elevator constructors helpers
and tile layers helpers. 1875 cents
Marble setter helpers. ....:..... 425 cents
Excavating laborers, hodcar-
riers and steamfitters help
ers .......,................. 400 cents
RAILWAY EMPLOYEES.
Locomotive engineers In Chi
cago railroad yards. .425 to 40 cents
Switching foremen. $50 cents
Switchmen ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. $50 cents
Locomotive firemen in Chica-
80 railroad yards. to T.6 cents
The Washington times., 1916-08-29

same proposition was submitted to
the presidents and general managers
OF the railroads, they persistently de-
clined to accept such proposition or
to submit counter proposition
which could be considered by the
employees committee. This condition
existed from August II until August
~. during which ten-day period the
employees committee anxiously await
ed some counter proposition on
which q settlement could be based.
Realixins that the railway. managers
were simply utilixing the time to
create a public opinion against Presi-
dent Wilson and against the railway
employees. by soliciting and paying
for thousands of kilograms from
farmers, merchants and manufac-
turers, the employees committee
adopted the following resolution on
August 81, and left for their respec-
tive homes:
The resolution to quit work
adopted by us, In accordance
with the vote Of the members,
at our meeting In New York on
and the authority then confer
red upon our chief executives
and the instruction to AK the
day and hour and to transmit
notice Of the same to the chair
men and then to the members
are hereby confirmed, approved
and reenacted to take effect
unless, prior to the day and
hour so hxed. notice shall have
been received that the proposal
of the President Of the United
states, accepted by ~ on the
18th day Of August. 1910, has
been accepted BY the represent
tatives Of the railroad COM