davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1916-04-26
ToDAY's MARRIAGE LICENSES

Harry Nesten, igo y: Ssd st.. and Regina
.Xniif q Good. $500 Wallace st. - 80 '''
wslter z. Lynch. no Porter st.. and Lucy
Michael hHsGnSi Rey co.'s co.'s PasehSli cha ave. and Mar
Howard. Zimmerman, ai6I T. Cumberland ST..
and Mary Franz, 2t07 e, Cumberland st.
Elsabeth M%ncy. s5sS N TayiOr itG' ct S',' ''
EdYaTa IDS $ Wdh5itemNan d5t oGssEpantown and Mary
William buckley. 1905 ,oRthodox ST.. and Alice
otto H51Sn BH%ansn saeGisdSs Gis %I Elizabeth c.
wSseeh sdSS S5ST orSf ssis Mercer St, and Kuno
ownda. Muszensla,- saiss Mercer st. i>'''O
RqSsgf 1; ''; Hsssstt. I 1eaa catharlne st.. and
Hugh N&sdIEsisS Ss!s T. Hgmoergor ST., and
.Faret, VI, Cone. 29ia, W. W&ishart st. st"u Ni"'
Atse esee + beye fSs icR2 III sd ST. and Flor
John Ryan, Tacony. Pa. and May Qulgley
gsiSsra: gsas efaafS aa4 4 , MsSsiss ERssst
rifle 6. g gorssf! SO n $6t6 .'4'e 81. ST. ana
Alexander Jones' 1919 Pierce ST., and Annie
s, n; S %qsis;S 2SiS P%ssSSses 81 ana Emm"
:, L $5sh b tSs : i. 81. r.,, ana Emma
Kiara Tbl tska 2soa a. Swanson Swanson 81. st. ana
Carl GiekaFF Chicago. H., and Nellie Del
HqTs s;,o Ssss ss Rsksn. ,ssn. and
James Boyle. 1884 Afarston St. and Margaret
Keeney3 1884 Marston st.
, Esther 4. Tlther. 12o p. Allegheny ave.
Edith l.. Kratz, 1910 w. Thompson ST.
Patrick Burns 93S S. 23d ST.. and Della Kill
leen.. 3S0S Wallace st
John w. Carney. 441O wlngohocking ave, and
Helen T. Kelly, 1913 IngerBoll St
John Il. Hesper, 1897 ". 18th st., and Eliza
beth VI. Prenderville. 1897 N. 2Sth st
Rudolph GrushecN, 12s Siegel st., and Julian
Tusltan SS3 N. rlSney ST.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1916-04-26
BRITAIN DEMANDS
$4,000 RECRUITS
OR COMPULSTON
Conscription Will Be Ex-
tended Unless Married
Men Enlist
CHALLENGE TO NATION

LONDON, April &C.
When the second secret session Of Par.
lament convened today, the Irish uues-
tlon was taking equal dominance with
conscriptton, and II was expected that the
Government would be interpolated as to
the extent of the uprising in ireland, the
number OF persons killed and the range Of
military measures that have been taken.
statement issued eeAly today by the
press bureau as to the proceedings of the
first secret session says this unless $4,000
married men have enlisted by May 27
conscription will be extended. At the
same time Premier Asquith announced
that boys of is would be drafted IL It
is necessary to broaden the conscrpton
measure.
The following is the statement in full
AT the secret session Premier Asuuith
stated that the recruiting figures up to
date are short of the requirements nee
essary TO proper military efforts. The
Government has determined upon three
proposals.:
First-Proonsation of the war service
time of time-eXpired men;
Second-The empowering of the milf
tary to transfer territorials to any unit
where they are needed;
Third-The rendering of exempt men
to be liable to service Immediately at the
expiration of their certificates of exemp-
ton
with n view to the ultimate addition
of the forces, the Government proposes to
conscript youths under IS on August 10,
as soon as they shall have reached the
age of 1S.
Premier Asquith also stated that the
Government. recognizing the necessity
number of unavailable servlce.time men
required under the present arrangements.
agree upon an immediate effort to obtain
men by voluntary enlistment of unat-
tested married men.
Premier Asquith, Bonar Law and Lord
Kitchener conferred today with number
of radical Labor leaders to learn whether
Labor will offer any further opposition
to the general conscriptlon proposed at
secret session of Parliament.
Ramsey Mcdonald, Ben Tillett, viii
Thorne and w. J. Jowett president of the
Independent Labor Conference, attended
the conference. Jowett presided at the
labor conference on Monday which voted
opposition to the drafting of married men
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1916-04-26

II It is concIusiveiy shown to have con-
Quoted such operations, II should be re-
garded and treated as a warship.
Third. II sufficient evidence is want
Ing. neutral government, in order to
safeguard Itself from liability for failure
to preserve its neutrality, may reason
ably presume from the fact the status of
an armed merchant vessel which fire.
quents its waters
There is no settled rule Of international
law as to the sufficiency Of evidence to
establish such n presumption As a re.
suit neutral government must decide for
Itself the sufiiciency Of the evidence which
II requires to determine the character of
the vessel For the guidance of its port
officers and other officials may. therefore,
declare a standard of evidence but such
standard may be changed on account of
the general conditions of naval warfare
or modified on account of the cIrcum.
stances of a particular case These
changes and notifications may be made
at any time during the progress of the
war, since the determination of the status
of an armed merchant vessel in neutrt.f
waters may affect the liability of a neu-
trail Government.
ARMED SHIPS ON HIGH SEAS.
"Second-An armed merchant vessel on
the high seas:
First. 1t Is necessary for a belllRer.
eHl WarSnlD TO determine the status of an
armed merchant vessel of an enemy en-.
countered on the high seas, since the
rights of life and property of belligerents
and neutrals on board the vessel may be
impaired II its status is that of an enemy
warship.
second. The determination of war.
like character must rest in no case upon
presumption, but upon conclusive evil
dence, because the responsibility for the
destruction of life and property depends
on the actual facts of the case and cannot
be avoided or lessened by standael of
evidence which belligerent may an
nounce as creating a presumption of hos
tile character on the other hand to
safeguard himself from possible LIABILITY
for unwarranted destruction of life and
property, the belligerent should. in the ab.
sence of conclusive proof, act on the pre.
sumption that an armed merchantmen Is
of peaceful character
"rhrd-A presumption based solely on
the presence of armament on a merchant
vessel of an enemy It not a sufFirient
reason for n belligerent to declare II to
be "A warship and proceed to attack n
without regard to the rights of the persons
on board. Conclusive evidence of n MIR
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1916-04-26

pose to use the armament for aggression
is essential. Consequently. an armament
which neutral Government. seeking to
perform It's neutral duties, may presume
to be intended for aggression, might in
fact on the high seas be used solely for
protection. neutral Government has no
opportunity to determine the purpose of
an armament on merchant vessel unless
there is evidence in the ships papers or
other proof as to its previous use, so that
the Government is justified in substituting
an arbitrary rule of presumption in ar
irving at the status of the merchant vessel.
on the other hand, a belligerent warship
can on the high seas test by actual ex-
perience the purpose of an armament on
an enemy merchant vessel and so de-
termine by direct evidence the status of
the vessel"
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1916-04-26
ARTILLERY BUSY
ON ENTIRE FRONT
IN VERDUN FIGHT
German Guns Batter Vio-
lently Avocourt Wood
and Hill 304
FRENCH GAIN NEAR A1sNE

PARIS, April 26.
An intense bombardment of Avocourt
Wood and Hill 304 by heavy German guns
last night was reported In the official
statement from the War ONCE today, but
no important infantry actions occurred on
the Verdun front.
The bombardment was violent on the
whole Verdun front, but attained It's
greatest intensity on the French left. In
the woevre German howitzerB played
upon French positions around Haudromont
and Ronvaux.
The Germans attempted to attack n
small French post north of Embermenil,
in Lorraine, but were repulsed with heavy
losses. Prisoners admit that the Germans
also lost heavily in yesterdays attacks
against the French salient at La Cha.
pelotte
North of the Aisne French troops took
~ prisoners in the course of yesterdays
attack, which resulted in the capture of a
small wood south of Bois des Buttes. Sew.
eral German "Reminiscences were dis.
persed on the Palsy and Troyon sections.
The text of the official communique fol-
lows:
North Of the ljsne, in the course
of an attack which yesterday enabled
us 10 capture small wood south OF
Bois Des Buttes, we took ~ unwound-
ed prisoners. OF whom one was an Of
ficer and seven sub-officers. Numer.
Gus reconnoitering forces of the enemy
which had attempted to approach our
trenches during the night were dis
persed by our fire In the sectors of
Palsy and Troyon.
West of the Meuse there was an in
tense bombardment of our positions
at Avocourt wood and our first lines
north OF Hill 304.
East of the Meuse there was mod.
crate artillery activity.
In the Woevre the enemy directed
a bombardment with artillery of
large calibre upon Haudromont and
Ronovoux Our artillery responded
energeticaly. There was no infant
ry action in the course of the night
Tn Lorraine the enemy attempted
n surprise attack against one of our
small posts north of Embermenil. 1t
was repulsed with losses to the
enemy.
In the Vosges German reconnoiter-
ing parties were dispersed in the re.
gion south of Cellessur.Plaine. We
took some prisoners. An unsuccessful
attack launched yesterday by the
enemy against our positions at Chap
elotte cost him very severe losses.
One of our pilots, following an aer.
ial combat this morning brought
down n FolIker machine, which fell
into our lines in the neghborhood of
Hoeville,.- north of Lunevilc The
enemy &Riator, wounded, was made
prisoner
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1916-04-26
FREIGHTER ISSUE
MAY CAUSE HITCH
IN U-BOAT REPLY
u. S. Note Demands Classit
fieation With Liners in I.
2 Receiving Warning
MAY REFUSE TO YIELD
By CARL W. AcKERMAN

BERLIN. April rs.
President wilson's demand that Ger
man submarines warn freighters as well
as passenger liners, constitutes the most
serious obstacle in the way of a salts
factory settlement Of German-American
relations / learned authoritatively today.
other points at controversy can be set
tied without any danger of a diplomatic
rupture. But strong opposition exists mere
to safeguarding the crews of freighters,
since Il Is held that every enemy frelghter
is engaged almost solely in carrying NUM-
tions OF other war supplies to the Allies.
There Is growing feeling, however,
that there will be no diplomatic break.
II Is entirely too early to say that tne
crisis has passed. The situation apparently
depends upon the hrmness Oh Fresiuent
Wilson's stand.
matters marked time today, pending the
return of Chancellor Won BethmanniHol-
veg from his second conference wltn Tue
kaiser at army headquarters Inc Shant
ceilor carried to the Emperor 2 report on
his conversation with Ampassaaor Gerar9
Monday noon, In which he.sought 10 learn
exactly what conditions Germany must
comply with to satisfy President Wilson.
A prominent German who talked with
the Ambassador after this conference said
he hoped Gerards messaBe would reach
President Wilson and a reply be received
before any definite action was taken here.
This German declared that GerInahy's
best forces were attempting to reach
satisfactory understanding and would be
successful unless Washington weighed TOO
lightly Germapys position.
The Chancellor had another bref con-
ference with Ambassador Gerard before
he left Berlin. Admiral Won Holtzendorm
chief OF the Admiralty. who did not par
ticipate in the first conference at army
headquarters, accompanied the Chanceiior
on the visit to the Kaiser. q"
It appears that the German reply viii
not be sent until an answer Is received
from Washington to the message dis
patched by Ambassador Gerard Monday
night. with the request for more definite
information as to what conditions the
American Government wants TO impose
Ambassador Gerard has received no con-
fidential information since the note was
received here and knows nothing further
of the attitude of American. Only meaBer
press dispatches have been Ieceived here
from the United States since'the note was
delivrd.
"One need not surrender. hope that
break with America can be ffevented with
honor" the Frankfurter zeitung's Berlin
correspondent, who Is in close touch with
or ciai views here wired his paper
In connection with the editorial COM
ment Il is pointed out that since Gerard
sent his last communication many OF the
newspapers have softened their carstic
comment indicating possibility of more
nearly unanimous desire to maintain
peace.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1916-04-26
AMERICA TELLS
WORLD POSITION
ON ARMED SHIPS
Merchantmen | m m u n e
From Attack Unless Hos
tility Is Shown
CALLED HINT TO BERLIN
WASHINGTON. April 2s.

WASHINGTON, April 26.
Belligerents should preserve an armed
merchantmen is peaceful unless there is
conclusive evidence" to the contrary.
That is the United States position, off,
cially declared today by the State De-
partment Merely because an enemy mer-
chant vessel is armed does not constitute
sufficient reason for bellgerent to de-
clare it a warship and to attack IL re-
gardless of the rights of persons aboard.
These points were announced to the
world in a memorandum intended to make
clear the American position on the gem
eral subject of armed shiHs.
The memorandum was aimed particu-
larly to forestall any question Germany
may offer as to what the American posi-
tion is on present methods" Of submarine
warfare.
RIGHT TO SINK DOUBTFUL.
The right to sink neutral merchant
man "in any circumstance is doubtful"
the message said.
The text of the memorandum follows: !:
by direction of the President a memo
randum was prepared during March, 1915.
in regard to the status of armed merchant
vessels i'm neutral ports and on the high
seas. This memorandum is now made
public as statement of this Government s
attitude on that subject.
THE status of an armed merchant ves-
sci of n belligerent is to be considered
from two points of view: First, from that
of a neutral when the vessel enters its
ports, and, second. from that of an enemy
when the vessel Is on the high seas.
IN NEUTRAL PORTS.
First, an armed merchant vessel in
neutral port:
First. 1t is necessary for a neutral
government to determine the status of an
,I,p,, ,NfI Ia1t
tonality which enters its jurisdiction In
order that the government may protect
itself from responsibility for the destruc-
ton of life and property by permitting
its ports to be used as bases of hostile
operations by belligerent warships.
Second. If the vessel carries COM
mission or order issued by a belligerent
government and directing II, under PEN
atty, to conduct aggressive operations, or
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1916-04-26

Continued from PAGE Ono
the camp from all directions and dropping
bombs at various points. Little damage
was done by the raiders, according to the
dispatch.
Aside from this aerial activity there
was calm along the front,
LONDON. April ga British aero
plane attacked an enemy seaplane about
five miles OFF Zeebrugge Monday, killing
the pilot. Last nights official statement
making this announcement adds: "rhe
machine dropped, the enemy observers
falling out while the machine was still
at n height OF 5000 feet The hostile
seaplane crashed into the sea and sank. "
Further aerial activities are recorded
In the same statement as follows;
On the morning of April 20, in spite
or most inclement weather, bombing
attack was carried out by our naval
Reroplanes upon an enemy aerodrome
at Mariakerke. The machines were
heavily fired on, but succeeded in re-
turning safely. AS far as could be
observed, good results were obtained.
One Of our fighting machines at
tackled an enemy aeropl9 ne and drove
II down. The hostile machine was last
seen close TO the ground and out of
control.
The morning of April "a a further
attack was carried out against the
same objective in cooperation with
our Belgian Allies. A large number of
bombs were dropped. heavy fire
was encountered by all of the ma
chimes. There were no British casual
ties. The results obtained appear to
have been very good.
The following report on aerial activities
was issued in Paris last night:
Near Vauquois an enemy aeroplane,
compelled to land inside his lines after
combat. was destroyed by our can
non. In the region of Verdun, one of
our pursuit aeroplanes brought down
German aeroplane, which fell on
Cote. du Poivre, about so metres from4
our trenches.
A third enemy machine brought
down by one OF our pilots fell in the
Forges wood Finally Fokker, fired
at pointblank by one Of our aviators,
plunged down In the region of Hatton-
chatelt
Last night one OF our dirigibIes
dropped 10 shells OF l55 millimetres
and six shells Of 22O on the Contains
station
A successful Germain air attack upon
the Russian aviation depot at Papenhorn
on oeseI island vas reported today in an
official statement by the admiralty. 1t
follows:
A squadron bf 10 German aero
planes attacked the Russian aero
nantie station At Papenhorn. on oeseI
Island, and dropped AZ bombs. Very
successful effects -were noticed. A
Russian aeroplane WAS forced TO land
All Of the German aeroplanes returned
pnhsrFned in spite OF very heavy
shelling
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1916-04-26

A new. FL. G..
Wells novel
is always an
e v e n t. 7 h e
Wells serial,
"Mr. Bri ting Sees
1t Through" has a
meaning for every
American. 1t de-
picts graphically, hu-
morously seriously, the
transition fTbm/peace to
war of Apeace loving
Anglo-Saxon nation be-
ginning in this weeks
Collieslri;;SS sli;;S
THE NATIONAL WEEKLY
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1916-04-26
ZEPPELIN DAMAGED
IN THRILLING FIGHT

Continued from PAGE Ono
the camp from all directions and dropping
bombs at various points. Little damage
was done by the raiders, according to the
dispatch.
Aside from this aerial activity there
was calm along the front,
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1916-04-26
One Man Killed in Frisco Wreck

NEW ALBANY. Miss. April 26.-One
man was killed and many passengers suf.
fered slight injuries when an outbound
Frisco train collided head-on with a south
bound freight today.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1916-04-26
Highland Park Firemen,s Officers

The Highland Park Fire Company has
elected these officers President George
T. Wadas; vice president. c. l. Bowers;
financial secretary +. c. Mowry record
ing secretary, William j. Hermann
treasurer, J. Milton Kolp; chief, Winfield
Shaw; assistants, Harry Story and Walter
Haddock
The Republican journal., 1916-12-28
NARROWED WITH HIS DOG AND CAT

SToNINGTON, Me-, Dec. 20. Half
starved and nearly dead from exposure,
Joseph Westcott, local fisherman, was
brought here today from small island
near the end of Merchants Row, where
he had been marooned since his little fish
ing sloop went ashore in last Saturdays
storm.
Rescue had once been offered him by a
passing vessel, but he preferred to re-
main and his plight was not known at
home until the tug Detsey Ross took him
off this morning.
Capt. Westcott's sioop parted its cable
near Swans Island, and after narrowly
escaping several lodges, was piled high
and dry on reef near Bills Island. With
some canvas he rugged a temporary
shelter in the lee of a large boulder. The
galley stove and some driftwood kept
him from freezing. His only companions
were dog and cat. The latter Capt
Westcott placed in the oven, and the dog
huddled beside his master, affording mu-
tual warmth. A vessel passed the casta-
ways Sunday. but Capt. Westcott could
not be persuaded to leave. Except for a
few biscuits the trio had nothing to eat
until taken off by the tug.
The Republican journal., 1916-12-28
BOYS AND GIRLS AT okoNo.
Third Annual Contest of The Agricultural
clubs.

Third Annual Contest of The Agricultural
| clubs.
Nearly 800 youngsters from all over
the State arrived at the University OF
Maine Dec. goth for the third annual con.
tests of the Boys and Girls Agricul.
tural Clubs under the auspices of the
University of Maine. College of Agricul.
| tn;
/ A. part of the contest the boys
brought samples of potatoes and sweet
corn they raised. More than 500 jars OF
canned goods were entered for competi-
ton by the girls.
Judging began in the afternoon by
members of the faculty of the College
of Agriculture.
AT night addresses of welcome were
given by President Robert j. Alley and
by Paul W. Mcmahon of the extension
service, followed by social in the gym
nasium.
The contest closed Thursday night
with the awarding of prizes. State
champions were announced as follows:
Alma Davis, Machias, poultry raising;
Dorothy Shackford; Ellsworth, pig rails
ing; Emily Morse, Cherryfeld, canning;
| Milford Blackstone, Perham, potato rails
ing; Hilda Sullivan, Orono, gardening.
The scholarships in the University of
Maine offered by the Maine Gamers
| Association to highest scores in sweet
corn raising were awarded as follows:
First, S1OO, Clarence Titcomb, Farming
ton; second, $75, Milford Richardson.
Strong; third, fourth and fifth of $50
each, Everett Kinds of Benton Station,
Francis Buzzell of Fryeburg, and Lester
Millett of Norway.
Winners of the Maine Central Railway
prizes for ply raising were: Dorothy
Shack ford of Ellsworth, first; Chauncey
Somes of Franklin, second; Gordon Mars
ton of Machias, third; Alma Davis of
Machias, fourth. Margaret Belyea of
Mapleton won the Bangor and Aroostook
Pig Club prize.
Maine Central Railroad gardening
prizes were won by Hilda Sulh, an,
Orono, first; Diantha Lyman. o ono,
second; Dorothy Shackford. Ellsworth,
third; Emily Morse, Cherrytield, fourth
Bangor q Atoostook prize to Hannah
Turner of Mapleton
| NJ aine Central canning club prize
were won by Emily Morse, Cherry field,
first; Christine Hunter, Benton Station,
second; Elizabeth Cook, Carmel, third;
Alice Michigan, Benton Station, fourth,
Maine Central Railroad Potato Club
prizes were awarded to Carroll Wilder,
Dennysville, first; Harland Emery, Sails
bury Cove, second; Louis Gardner, Den
nysville, third; Albert Lincoln, Dennys-
vile, fourth.
Bangor and Aroostook Potato Club
prizes: Milford Blackstone, Perham,
first; Arnold Ross, Little, second; Percy
Porter. Littleton, third; Eugene Hitch
ings, Caribou, fourth
Maine Central poultry prizes: Alma
Davis, Machas, first; Julian D. Davis,
Machias, second; Charles Haley, Machi-
as, third; Dorothy Shackford. Ellsworth,
fourth. Dorothy PettingiiI of MapIeton
won the Bangor & Aroostook prize.
The Republican journal., 1916-12-28
A GIFT OF $50, 900 FOR GATES.

President George C. Chase OF Bates
College, who has been in Baltimore and
New York city for several weeks for his
health, and who recently underwent an
operation at the Post Graduate hospital
in the latter city, announced in recent
letter to his daughters in Lewiston that
he had secured gift of $50, 900 for the
college. He gave neither the name OF
the donor nor whether it is for any par
ticular purpose. Besides increase OF the
general endowment, several particular
things are being made special objects OF I
attention in the securing of funds, chie1
of them being new gymnasium, a
building corresponding to the Harvard
Union, and completion of the endowment
of chair of education. More than s4o'-
600 of the $50, 900 needed for the latter
purpose has been obtained.
The Republican journal., 1916-12-28
The Biggest Budget in the World.

Representative Rainey, arguing against
the waste of money by Congress, made
even the congressman who are after
"pork" look aghast when he said: eff
the war ends one year from the first of
next March England will have budget
of 81, 200, 900. 900; Germany will have one
of 81, 300, 900, 600; Austria Hungary one of
81, 400. 600, 900; Russia, with a budget al
ways the largest in the world heretofore,
will have one of $1,600,00 900. In the
fiscal year 1913 the expense of this Gov
ernment-and we have been in no war
will be $1,650, O0u,O0O the largest
budget in the world, larger budget
than any Nation in the world was ever
compelled to meet