davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20
GERMANY MUST HEED OR DPL L0MATIC BREAK COMES
President Wilson Before Congress- Announces Sending Final Note Imperial German Be
THE NOTE
Republican A. p. Leased Wirel

WASHINGTON, April 19-Ameri-
cas- note to Germany made public
here late today says:
Unless the imperial government
should now Immediately declare and
effect an abandonment of it's present
methods of submarine warfare
against passenger and freight carry
ing vessels, the government of the
United States can have no choice but
to sever diplomatic relations with
the German empire altogether"
If" says the note, 1T is still the
purposes of the imperial government
to prosecute relentless and indis-
eliminating warfare against vessels
of commerce by the use of submar-
ines without regard to what the
government of the u. S. must con-
slider the, sacred and indisputab BILE
rules of international law and the
universally recognized dictates of
humanity, the government of the
United States is at last forced to the
conclusion that there is but one
course it can pursue"
The note asserts that information
in the possession of the u. S. estab-
fishes conclusively that the channel
steamer Sussex was torpjedoed with
out warning and that the torpedo was
| of German manufacture. The con-
clusion that the torpedo was fired by
a German submarine, it adds, is con-
sidered substantialed by Germany's
disclaimer.
l . 81
| had been an isolated case the United
States might regard it as possible
to hope that officers responsible had
been negligent or violated his orders,
but that unhappily this terrible ex-
ample of submarine warfare does
not stand alone.
Germany is informed that the Uni
ted States gained the impression
from her recent communication that
the imperial government failed to APP
ipreciate the gravity of the situation
| which has resulted not alone from
the attack on the Sussex but from
the whole method and character OF
submarine warfare, as disclosed by
the unrestrained practice of the COM
manders of German undersea craft
uuflnB tne past Twelve months dnC
more in the indscriminate destruc-
tion of merchant vessels of all sorts
nationalities and destinations"
An appendix to the note which
deals entirely with an analysis oi
the facts in the Sussex case dis
closes that American army and navy
officers found in the Sussex crew
bolts which correspondent with thos,
on German torpedoes in possession
of the French naval authorities a
; Toulon. The screw bolts are used t,
J fasten the war head" to the al
chamber
Full Text of Note
The full text of the note follows
You are instructed to deliver to tn
> secretary of foreign affairs a com
} munication reading as follows:
| Il did not fail to transmit immedi
| ately by telegraph to my government
= your eXcellancy's note of the tent
: instant in regard to certain attack
f by German submarines, and particu
4 larly in reference to the disastrou
+ explosion which on March "a las
wrecked the steamship Sussex in tn
+ English channel i have now til
4 honor to deliver, under instruction
: Continued on Page Three)
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20
taepubIiean A. p. Leased wlrel

WASHINGTON, April 19-Count
Won Bernstorff sent to Berlin tonight
a long dispatch regarding the sit
uation with Washington and making
certain recommendations. He is un-
derstood to have advised his govern
ment that he believes the United
States meant just what it said in
the submarine note and that some
thing would have to be done quick
ly if friendly relations were to con-
tinue
The ambassador himself having
read the address of the president and
the note said:
II can make no comment either
upon the address or upon the COM
munication which has been sent to
my government"
However, he was authoritively
described as having advised the Ber-
lin foreign office in the message
sent tonight that he believes at
least some such declaration as that
made regarding the conduct of sub
marine warfare in the Mediterranean
Should be issued Immediately to
cover all submarine operations.
The Mediterranean declaration was
handed to Secretary Lansing by the
Ambassador on January of this
year. 1t contained assurances mucf
broader in their scope than thes,
given to cover the activities of tn,
submarine in the war zone arounC
the British isles where Germany ha
contended from the first that she wa
engaged in a campaign of retaliation
for the British blockade.
The assurances were to the effec
that only active warfare would b
conducted against enemy merchan
shipping and that -combatan
ships ~ every character, freight a
well as passenger carrying, would b
accorded proper warning and safet
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20
DE FACTO TROOPS HAVE TROUBLE
|NSECUR|NG FOOD SUPPLIES

He had been ordered to the border and
could not leave until the order was
countermanded, he said. Arrivals to-
day report that new disease. the ma
ture of which has not been determined,
but which is believed to be typhus, has
broken out in the southern part of the
MocteZuma district of Sonora. There
have been a number of deaths in Moe
tezuma and the vicinity of Cumpas.
This disease, whether or not it is
typhus, is said to be proving very con-
tagous, few patients recovering and
death generally ensues a few hours af-
ter the sickness begins
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20
Little Doing With
US. Troops Until
Scott Investigates

SAN ANTONIO, April 19-Militar
operations of the American forces in
Mexico will remain practically at
standstill until Major General Hugh
L. Scott, chief of staff has complet-
ed his study of the situation
Two companies of the Nineteenth
Infantry left here tonight for Eagle
Pass, to relieve troops ordered from
there, but no provisions has been
made to fill the places that will be
left by other forces on the border
General Funston expressed pleas
ures that General Scott was coming
for it would give him an opportunity
to explain personally details of the
situation that has become so COM
plex.
A report from General Pershing
was received today but it's character
was not commented on by General
; Funston. 1t was said there had been
( no material change in the military
situation and no news regarding
Villas whereabouts
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20
ARE CERTAIN
HAVE BODY Of
PANCHO VILLA

MEXICO CITY, April ia dis
patch received by the war depart
ment today from military headquar-
ters in the state of Chihuahua said
the telegraph operator at San An
tonic, Chihuahua, had reported that
the party which recently disinterred
the body of a man at San Francisco
Borja had declared it was that
of Francisco Villa and that it
would be shipped to headquarters
for the purpose of identification.
Discussing the dispatch, Minister of
War Obregon said the body probably
was that Of the bandit chief If a
complete Identification was obtained
he added, it would solve the interna-
tional situation that brought about
the advance of American troops into
Mexico.
General Gonzales, who has been in
the capital for several months, will
leave with his forces next Monday for
ConteIeras a point in the mountains
between this city and Cuerevaco on
the Mexico Iguala railway. The COM
mand of General Gonzales consists
Of $4,000 men scattered throughout
the federal district and the states of
| Morelos, Puebla, Hidalgo and Mexico
1t is understood that the bulk of these
men will be used in the furtherance
Of the campaign against Emiliano Ia
pata, in the state of Morelos.
The war department claims to have
received full confirmation of the
deaths of General Manuel Palafo, An
ronio Soto, Y Cana, former presi-
dent of the republic and Genera
Francisco Pacheco which were re
ported several days ago. All thes,
lCnntin11ad on Page TWoN
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20
THE MESSAGE
The Presidents Message
Republican A. p. Leased WIreI

In addressing the joint session, the
president said;
Gentlemen of the congress: A sit
uation has arisen in the foreign rela-
tions of the country, of which it is
my plain duty to inform you very
frankly.
1t will be recalled that in February,
1915. the imperial German government
announced its intention to treat the
waters surrounding Great Britain and
Ireland as embraced within the seat Of
war, and to destroy all merchant ships
owned by its enemies that might be
found within any part of that portion
of the high seas, and that IT warned
all vessels of neutral as well as of
helligerent ownership to keep out Of
the waters it had thus prescribed or
else enter them at their peril.
The government of the United
States earnestly protested. 1t took
the position that such a policy could
not he pursued without the practical
certainty of gross and Palpable vio-
lation of the law of nations particu-
larly if submarine craft were to be
employed as its instruments. Inas-
much as the rules prescribed by that
law, rules founded upon principles of
humanity and established for the pro-
lection Of the lives of non -combatants
at sea, could not, in the nature of the
case. be observed by such vessels.
1T based it's protest on the ground
that persons of neutral nationality and
vessels of neutral ownership would be
exposed to extreme and intolerable
risks. and that no right to close any
part OF the high seas against their
use or to expose them 90 such risks
could lawfully be asserted by any bel
ligerent government.
Law of Nations
The law of nations in these mat
ters, upon which the government of
the United States bases its protest
is not of recent origin, or founded
upon merely arbitrary principles set
up by convention. 1t is based, on
the contrary. upon manifest and i'm
perative principles of humanity and
has long been established with the
approval and by the express assent OF
all civilized nations.
Notwithstanding the earnest pro-
test of our government, the imperia
German government at once proceeded
to carry out the policy it had an
nounced. 1t expressed the hope tina
the dangers involved, at any rate thu
dangers to neutral vessels, would b.
reduced to a minimum by the instruc
tions which it had issued to its sub
marine commanders and assured th'
government of the United States tina
1t would take every possible precau
tion. both to respect the rights o
neutrals and to safeguard the lives o
non -combatants.
What has. actually happened Il
the year which has since elapsed ha
shown that these hopes were not jus
titled. those assurances insusceptibl
of being filled. In pursuance of tn
policy of submarine warfare agains
the commerce of its adversaries, thu
announced and entertained upon th
imperial German government in spit
of the solemn protest of this govern
Continued on Page Nine)
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20

lRepubltcan A. p. Leased Wirel
DOUGLAS, Ariz., April 19.-Ameri-
cans arriving here today from the Ba-
vispe river valley in which the concen-
tration of troops in eastern Sonora has
been under way for several weeks, re-
port that the de facto forces are sta
tionary and are experiencing difficulty
in getting sufficient food supplies.
Ives G. Lelevier, consul of the de fac
to government in Douglas, stated today
that General Arnulfo Gomez is still in
Colonia Morelos and has no intention
of moving for the present. He denied
.authoritatively that Gomez has received
any orders from General Alvaredo OBJ
regon. de facto secretary of war to ad-
vance into Chihuahua. Such orders
have been expected for nearly two
weeks, and their continued absence is
puzzling to the Mexican military.
General P Elias Gales, military gov
ernor of Sonora, left Aqua Prieta Sc
cretly last night for Fronteras 20 miles
south, for a stay of indefinite length.
General Gales sent word to Consul
| Lelevier today, however, that he wished
TO rest and recuperate for a few days
| While in Fronteras he will see no one
The consul explained that hundreds ot
callers had been received at his head
quarters during his recent Illness The
excitement and constant worry SERVING
to aggravate the nervousness of the
patient.
1t was definitely learned today tina
General Gales came to the border OIL
orders from General Obregcn to remain
in close touch with American affair
during the present crisis in the rela
tions between the two governments.
Gales explained this to several per
sons in connection with his sickness
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20
G0Ulya and Garcia Still
Believe Villa Is Dead

equal distance from Chihuahua with
which it is connected by the Mexico
Northwestern railroad. At the same
time both Gen. Gavira and Consul
Garcia expressed uneasiness over the
continued absence of direct news
from Colonel CavaZos. He is not
supposed to have had more than
small body of troops with him and
it is feared that he may have fallen
into trap laid for him by the vii
listas. Interest in Villas fate or
whereabouts has considerably waned
here in the face of the crisis between
the United States and Germany and
its possible effect in causing tn
withdrawal of the troops froI
Mexico. Washington. and not Mexi
| co, is the real center of interest t,
the border tonight
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20
COLUMBUS BANDITS
PLACED ON TRIAL

DEMING, N. NJ, April 19.-Six
wounded Mexicans captured in El
Vale, were placed on trial here
today on the charge of murder.
The state rested it's case this after
noon and it was said that the trial
would be short. The defense will
attempt to show that the MeXi-
cans or some of them were Car
, rama prisoners. Three others, who
are in Jail here, are yet to be tried.
They were taken during the raid on
Columbus, N. NJ, or shortly after
wards. They also will be tried on
the charge of murder.
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20
London PAPERS Comment on
Latest Note to Germany

be state of war, but may easily de-
velop into war.
"This is obvious to both parties.
Mr.. Wilson has counted the cost
Presumably the Kaiser also has
counted it. If Germany decides that
the continuance of submarine warfare
is worth a diplomatic break with
America, it probably also will de-
eide that it is worth war too
IF tie Kaiser desires to avoid war
with America he would naturally
make his concession at a stage when
they would also avoid the breaking
of relations.
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20
NO WITHDRAWAL UNTIL
GENERAL SCOTT MAKES
REPORT ON SITUATION
CONFIRMING THE
DEATH OF VILLA

MEXICO CITY, April 19.-Ac-
cording to messages received here
evidence confirmatory to the death
of Francisco Villa is being gath
cred slowly. Officials now are
more disposed to give credit to the
first reports of the finding of the
grave of the bandit. One report
today said the Indians who cared
for Villa during his last days had
been located and dispositions taken.
According to these affidavits, Villa
died of blood poisoning. At the
foreign office full credit is at
tached to the statements of these
Indians.
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20

his state of mind, and an impair
tial observer readily would say
the demeanor of congress as
whole reflected it's sympathy.
The first actually crucial mo-
ment toward which the relations
Of the United States and Ger
many have been steadily drift
ING for nearly year had come
and been passed and the presi-
dent had returned to the white
house to await the next one.
America waits the action of
Berlin.
President Wilson'S words leave no
opportunity for double meaning. In
his address to congress he said.
Il have deemed it my duty to say
to the imperial German government
that if it is still its purpose to pros
ecute relentless and indiscriminate
warfare the government OF
the United States is at last forced to
the conclusion that there is but one
course it can pursue and that unless
the imperial German government
should now, Immediately declare ant
effect an abandonment of its pres
ent methods of warfare against PASS
enger and freight carrying vessels
this government can have no choice
hut to sever diplomatic relations al
together"
The note to Berlin declares:
"The government OF the Unite'
States has been very patient.
tit has accepted the successive expla
nations and assurances of the imper
ial German government as Of cours
given in entire sincerity. and goo
faith and has hoped even agains
hope that it would prove to be pos
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20
Republican A. p. Leased Wirel

Republican A. p. Leased Wre1
LONDON, April 20-Although the
text of President Wilson's message to
congress did not reach London in
time for the morning papers to com
ment fully, all devote considerable
space to the American situation. The
Daily Chronicle says editorially:
1T Is difficult to suppose that the
German government elated by the
submarine successes of past six
weeks will accept President Wilson'S
terms. Diplomatic relations between
Berlin and Washington will be broken
| off. The resulting situation will not
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20
Republican A. p. Leased Wirel

[RepubIican A. p. Leased Wre]
Ell PASO, April 19.-In spite of
every denial and doubt and in the
face of the statement of Gov. En-
riquez at Chihuahua that the story
of Villas death was only a rumor,
General Gavira and Consul Garcia
reasserted tonight their confidence
in the truth of its finding iof the
body of the bandit
General Gavira said that he had
learned unofficially today that the
failure of Colonel Cavazos who went
to San Francisco Borja to exhume
Villas body, to arrive at Chihuahua
was due to the fact that he had
changed his program and was taking
the body to Santa Ysaebl. The latter
town is thirtyfive miles north of
San Francisco Bor1a and about an
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20

Continued on Page Fivel
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20

Continued on Page F'ive)
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20

Continued on Page Three)
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20

CONTINUED on Page Two)
Arizona republican., 1916-04-20

Continued on Page Nine)
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1916-12-30
PRINT PAPER
PROBE AGAIN
Facts Uncovered by Com
mission May Be Referred
to Dept of Justice.
By ASSOCIATIVE PRESS.

Washington, Dec. 29.-Hearings re-
opened today by the federal trade
commission in the news print paper
investigation came to a sudden end
when manufacturers refused to dis
cuss the reasonableness in prices.
Both publishers and jobbers had been
heard, and manufacturers said they
prepared by the commissions investi-
gators purporting to show huge
profits Trade commissioners an
nounced that despite the apparent I'M
willingness of manufacturers to CO.
operate in the investigation, the COM
missions report will be issued prob
ably in about ten days, and such
recommendations will be made to
congress as thought necessary. 1t
is strongly intimated facts uncovered
by the commission will be turned
over to the department of justice.
The commissions report to con-
gress, it is understood. will score the
paper manufacturers for raising the
prices and forcing many small pub
fishers out of business. Frank P,
Glass, of Birmingham, chairman OF
the paper committee of the American
Newspaper Publishers Association
stated: 1.-THE practical result is what
predicted. There has been a seven
teen-day delay with nothing beneficial
for newspapers. In the meantime
many contracts were closed at the
prevalent high prices as result of 6
fright of publishers that serious
paper famine existed. | hope the
| commissions report will fasten re
sponsibility SO that either the depart
ment of justice or congress, or both
may be able to devise substantial
relief"
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1916-12-30
THE PYTHIAN DISTRICT
MEETING BRINGS CROWD

The Pythian district meeting held
at Castle Hall, on East Intendeneia
street, last night was the most sue
cessful and enthusiastic gathering
ever witnessed in West Florida,
Scores of Knights being on hand to
witness and participate in the affair.
Three promising esquires were in
itiated in the rank of Knight by the
Senatorial team, and the work was
creditably done and keenly appre-
ciated by those present.
Those present were treated to 9
'Dutch" lunch managed by the feed
committee, and the many short talks
on the good of the order were en-
joyed.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1916-12-30
BOND ISSUE Of
s125,000,00O
Proposed in Plan by Repre-
sentative Hull to Cover
Fiscal Year Deficit.
az AssocIArEp pREss

Washington, Dec 29.-President
Wilson has given tentative approval
of plans for a bond issue to meet in
part prospective deficit at the end
Of the next fiscal year. 1t became
known today that administration
leaders, who ares preparing to bring
up the revenue bills after the holiday
recess, had urged the president to
spur up both houses to enact the
necessary legislation before the end
of the present session. It was agreed
that any bond issue will be charged
to account of extraordinary army and
navy expenditures.
Representative Hull has drawn q
plan for consideration by the ways
and means committee which contem-
plates the issuance of one hundred
and twenty five million Panama
bonds for army and navy expenses
seventy million under the shipping
act for the proposed nitrate plant
and twenty-five million TO pay for the
Danish West Indies.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1916-12-30
DRYDOCK NOW ASSURED; CITY
DEEDS SITE TO BRUCE co. 5000
TON CAPACITY, COST $150OOO;
FILLS LONG FELT NEED HERE
Lumber Exports Of
Week 5000, 900, 900 Feet

Three large cargoes of lumber
and timber have been cleared at
the custom house during the past
few days, the last one being that
of the British ship Centurion,
which yesterday took out neces-
sary clearance papers for Lon
don, but which will not proceed
until Sunday or Monday.
The Norwegian bark Mona
sailed yesterday for Buenos
Ayres, with cargo of $4,000
superficial feet, and the Norwe-
gian bark Eros, which is now also
ready for sea, has cargo of $685.
900 superficial feet. The Centu-
rion cleared with about 100000
superficial feet.
The American schooner Clara
Davis also cleared yesterday with
about half a million superficial
feet, being bound for Leghorn,
Italy.
Today it is expected that the
Uruguayan bark Port Sonachan
will take out clearance papers and
another not less than half mil
lion superficial feet will have
been added to foreign exports.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1916-12-30
PENSACOLA IN COTTON
STATES BALL LEAGUE?

An effort is being made to secure
a franchise for Pensacola in the
Cotton States league, according to
information from New Orleans last
night which stated that John G. Per-
rine, of Kansas City, was in the Cres-
cent City trying to stimulate inter
est in the reorganization of the
league named, with Pensacola as one
of the six or eight clubs composing
the same for the approaching base
ball season.
Local baseball fans have not as
yet been approached with any con-
crete proposition and know nothing
beyond what is printed in the sport
ing columns of the newspapers. One
proposition is to form a Cotton
States league No. 2, which would give
Pensacola an opportunity for fran
chise that is not now available.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1916-12-30
LIVELY INTEREST is
EXPRESSED BY NEUTRALS

Washington, Dec. 29.-Norway.
Denmark and Sweden through iden-
teal notes of Norwegian copy,
which was handed the state depart
ment today, expressed their lively in
terest in President Wilson's proposals
to "look toward to the establishment OF
durable peace" and their deepest
sympathy with all efforts to shorten
the war. Unlike the Swiss govern
ment which offered to help in any
way the Scandinavian countries made
no direct offer of cooperation.
South American countries are re-
garding note for information AND
probably will not reply. The attitude
Holland is said to be that the reply
might seem .unneutral, and possibly
prevent a peace conference from be-
ing that country. Spain has not de-
cided on her action.
As to the belligerents, Turkeys re-
ply was made public TO-DAY and Bull.
garia's is expected tomorrow. Lon
don dispatches indicated the allied re.
ply to the German proposals will bt
sent by Wednesday, followed shortly
by reply to the president. Entente
diplomats believe the allied reply tt
the president will be short and appre
ciative, and the real impossibility o
peace from their viewpoint viii b.
pointed out in the reply to German!
where they can speak directly withou
wounding a friendly neutral.