davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-23

feats at the conquest that the Norman
duke made him Earl Of Chester and
richly rewarded him with lands in the
north Lupus died a Benedictine monk,
which his gallant descendant is not at
all likely to do, and since then the
story of the family has been one of
continued prosperity.
Grosvenor House, the Duke of West
minister's town mansion in Park lane.
Is one of the finest in London 1t is
famous for the political gatherings as
well as for the lavish entertainments
that have been held there, for the
Dukes of Westminster have always
been prominent, if only as figureheads,
in the political world, the present one
being president of the Tariff Reform
League, which was so active before the
war, and will be so much more so aft
erward.
The dukes grandfather, previous to
the first home rule crisis was one of
the most ardent supporters of Glad
stone. He followed Joseph Chamber
lain and the late Duke of Devonshire
in their secession from the liberal
ranks however, and went so far. in
demonstrating his adherence of Glad
stones policy, as to sell the portrait
of the Grand Old Man. by Millais.
most cherished items of his wonder
full picture gallery. The art collection
which he formed is still probably the
finest private one in London. 1t is of
immense value, and includes superb
specimens of Claude, Rubens and
Rembrandt, but the gem of the collec-
ton is Gainsborough's famous "Blue
Boy" one of the best known portraits
in the world
Eaton Hall is the real home" Of the
Duke and Duchess of Westminster. how
ever. or was before they became es-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-23

tranged 1t would be hard to exaggerate
either the beauties or the wonders of this
private palace, which cost $10,000,0 600 and
took thirteen years to build Several
kings have been entertained there, in
Guiding Alfonso of Spain, who, in bygone
Gays. was on terms of intimate friend
ship with the Westminsters, and these
monarchs, when at Eaton. had surround
1ngs worthy of their rank and must have
ehvled their host its possession. 1t was
putt by Westminster's grandfather. who
nad mis- magnificent racing stud there.
one of the dukes steeds was the famous
Flylng Fox, which won the derby and
Frenchman. for S1s7.5o0, the largest sum
ever paid for racehorse. Another was
ben dOr tthe present Duke of West
munster is called Bend Or by his rel
atiVes and many of his intimates). and
thlrd Touchstone. wonderful nag
whose skeleton may be seen by the
visitor to Eaton Hall
Famous as it is for its beauties, this
stately home of England is more
Famous still for the high jinkS of
which 1t has been the scene since the
present duke and duchess began to dis
pense hospitality there Before the
Westminsters fell out, the hall used
to be the favorite resort of these choice
products of the upper circles who are
known as Society Hooligans." To
make rough house" of any place
where they chance to be staying con-
stitutes their idea of good time. and
at Eaton they had the best time of all.
Only once did the duke venture to
demonstrate with his hilarious guests.
That was one Christmas eve, when. dur
ing roueh-and- tumble. go-as-you-
please romp in the entrance hall. a
costly vase was knocked down and
smashed. I'm blessed il you wont
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-23

gin with the ceremonials of Palm Sun
day. bring to a close the long peniten-
tial season of Lent, and just as during
the preceding weeks of Lent the
liturgical services at the Dominican
Monastery have been marked by aus
tere solemnity in preparation for the
celebration of mans redemption. so
during the few days of holy week the
liturgy takes on still more somber
aspect
On Palm Sunday, in commemoration
of Christ's triumphal entry into Jeru-
salem, the Dominicans bless and dis
tribute the palm branches to the mem
bers of their community. These they
carry in solemn procession through the
cloister, chanting the while the beau
tiful anthem "Hosanna to the Son of
David; blessed is He that cometh in
the name of the Lord" 1t was in this
vivid manner that the early Christians
of Jerusalem recalled upon the actual
spot their Lords entry into the holy
city.
During the high mass which follows
the procession the narrative of Christ'S
passion, according to st. Matthew, is
sung by three deacons clothed in white
alb and violet stole. The service of
Tenebrae, which is sung on the even
ings of Wednesday, Thursday and Fri
day of holy week, possesses a unique
interest of its own. Beside the altar are
lights in triangular candelabr
containing fifteen candles typifying
Christ and His followers. At different
parts of the service the lights on this
are extinguished one by one, and the
altar lights are gradually put out. This
represents the desertion, one by one,
of the disciples. Finally the top.
most candle in the triangle is taken
away, emblematic of the period when
the Lord was lost to sight for time.
The church. now reduced to semi
darkness, suggests the gloom of a
Christless world. The Christ candle Is
presently restored, typifying the re-
surrecion.
In the Dominican Monastery the Tene-
brae services are observed with most
imposing ritual, the ninety friars
chanting the office presenting an in
teresting spectacle to those unfamiliar
with monastic customs. The two
choirs, consisting each of forty-five
singers. are seen standing in the great
carved oaken stalls on either side of
the chapel, during the services. The
long-,bfack mantles cover the white
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-23

not be her mothers daughter did she
not glory in high jinks." as it is COM
mon knowledge that she does. Before
she married the duke she was known
as "Larky SheIagh." and when she be-
came mistress of Eaton Hall there was
lot doing there whenever company
was present. as it mostly was. But this
is anticipating. The course of true love
ran smoothly up to the time of the Boer
war. in spite of opposition on the dukes
side of the house. That opposition came
chiefly from the dukes famous grand
father. the third Duke of Westminster,
millionaire, racing man and enthusiast
tic art collector. The duke had no use
for the match which his heir, who was
fatherless. contemplated, and declared
that he would disinherit his grandson,
as far as he could, If he persisted in it,
And he all but carried out his threat
When the Boer war started, in 1899,
the future Duke of Westminster was
twenty. He was one of the first of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-23

habits, and their rough black cowls,
which cover the heads of the friars,
bow and rise according to the peculiar
ancient rubrics of their rite, leaving
lasting impression on the beholder.
On Maundy Thursday the. is a note
of joy introduced into the liturgy, de-
spite the associations of Passiontide.
for the church on this occasion ex-
holy eucharist. ordained by Christ.
who. at the last supper. before He went
to His cruciflxion said: DO this in re-
membrance of Me-" The church in her
single mass sings canticles of joy, and
it is celebrated with harmony of music
and the display of rich vestments. The
altar is decorated with flowers: the
crucif1x above the tabernacle, yelled
covered with white But the most
striking manifestation of the joy of
this feast Is shown in the ringing of
the bells at the GLORIA of mass. When
the choir takes up this hymn of praise
to the accompaniment of the full organ,
every bell in church and monastery is
rung. 1t is the last time the organ
and bells are heard until the Gloria of
the mass on Holy Saturday.
After the mass the blessed sacra-
ment is removed from the main altar
and placed in some other tabernacle in
the church, which in preparation for
it's reception has been decorated with
flowers and lights. An interesting fea-
ture of this ceremony is the procession
in which the blessed sacrament IS
carried from the main altar to this
shrine. for all the friars participate in
it wearing their white and black
habits, and each carrying a lighted
candle in his hand.
x
To this shrine. over which watch is
kept day and night by the brothers,
great crowds of worshipers come
throughout the whole of Maundy
Thursday and even far into the night
to venerate in special manner the
holy eucharist.
The distinctive parts of the Good Fri
day service at the Dominican Monastery
are the solemn prayers which are intro
duced into the mass, the veneration of
the cross and the removal of the blessed
sacrament from the altar of repose. The
full community of the Dominicans assist
al this ceremony. occupying their places
on either side of the choir. as at the
Tenebrae. After the solemn and special
prayers of the day have been chanted
the crucifix is venerated. This is very
solemn ceremony After the crucifix
has been unveiled by two priests APP
pointed for the purpose and appropriate
antiphons have been chanted by the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-23

lighted on Holy Saturday and is never
permitted extiuguished until Good FRI
day of the following year. when il is al
lowed to burn out in mystical significance
of the death of Christ.
Following the blessing Of the fire
and the lighting OF the lamps and
candles, the great paschal candle is
blessed. This is a great wax pillar
which stands in the massive candle
stick on the gospel side of the sane
tuary. 1t burns AZ all services from
Easter eve until Ascension THURSDAY,
emblematic OF the Lords life on earth
from the crucifixion to the ascension.
The Dominican chant which acroinpa-
MES the blessing OF this candle is prop
er to the liturgy of the order. The
chanting, too. of nearly all the other
parts of the service at this time il
purely Domirican being preserved hv
the order from the earliest times. It's
exquisite rhythym. and sweet harmony
have been the source Of 4 inli9atiUu to
many musicians.
After blessing and lighting the can
die the twelve prophecies from the
Old Testament are sung. For this pur-
pose different cantors are selected
from the number of the brethren In
the meantime the cclehraut and his
ministers have approached the altar
and Frustrated themselves for the
singing Of the ltany. this being
chanted hy the entire community OF
fFiars.
The mass has several interesting Pc
culiarities, but the one which attracts
chief interest is the ringing al tn"
bells. while the organ, which has been
silent from Holy THURSDAY. once more
resounds. At this point a symholical
change takes place in the appearance
of the friars. The black mantle which
has been worn throughout the whole
of the penitential season is here lad
aside. while the choir Is made respleN-
dent with the white garments Of the
brethren fitting symbol of the res
direction. The action marks this as
one Of the most dramatic effects Of the
ritual. The mass up TO the communion
is little different from that of other
days. but at the point named the ves-
pers of Easter are sung.
On Easter morning the mass IS the
same as that of other feasts differing
only in the splendor of the surround
ings. The altar and its environments
are covered with great display oil
white flowers, principally the Easter
lily and roses. while may wax tapers.
arranged to give the most brilliant ef-
feet. hespeak the JOY of a risen Lord.
At the masses on Easter day historic
and beautiful vestments are worn by
the celebpant and his ministers. These
eXquisitelt embroidered robes were the
work of the queen of Spain and her
court ladies. who in the eighteenth
century made and sent them to some
of the early Spanish Dominican fathers
in this country, from whom they have
descended to the monastery at WASH
ington.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-23

their ancient Lenten and Easter cere-
monials since the founding of their in
stitution, thereby enabling their con-
gregations to participate in religious
rites which have remained unchanged
for many centuries
The interior of the Dominican Mon
aStery presents the plain and un-
adorned aspect which is the rule of
most monastic institutions. The semi
inclosed cloister, overlooking a pleas
ant court. in which the friarS fulfill
their love of natures beauties by
tasteful growth of greenery and flow
ers, is a bright spot in the heart of
the religious house. but only in the
chapel is permitted the wealth of ar
tiStic inspiration and knowledge
which is granted to be one of the
characteristics of the Dominican or
der. This beautiful chapel. while
thoroughly monastic in it's general
outline and in its decorative appoint
ments, is one of the finest examples
of perpendicular Gothic in America.
The Domincans. regarded as the
most energetic of monastic orders.
have ever been prominent in their rela-
ton to learning and art, Thomas
Aqunas, Albertus Magnus and Savon-
arola being among their shining lights
in learning, while the art of Fra An
gelco and Fra Bartolommeo. both
Dominicans. enriched many of their
churches and monasteries of the old
world, bestowing upon their order
peculiar pre-eminence in the world of
religious art. and yet having power to
influence through the higher feelings.
1t was said of Fra Angelica that every
picture he painted was an act of prayer.
while of the holder Bartolommeo della
Porta it has been said that every pic
ture he painted was an anthem of
praise, lifting up both the soul and
sense of man.
The mural decorations in this chapel
of the Dominican Monastery take one
back to the time of Gina bue. Guido and
Giotto, with their groupings of saints
and angels. and the windows. showing
in chronological order the life, of st.
Dominic, bring to mind the fact that
this order was one of the earliest in it's
missionary work in this and other con-
tinents. while its beautiful main altar
and four minor affairs represent prob
ably the finest specimens of hand cary
ings this country holds. They are the
work of Belgian artists, skilled through
generations of experience in the art.
The services of holy week, which be-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-23

have to pay for that" said Vest
minister. coming suddenly on the scene
Did his friends express contrition and
regret and promise Ia he more careful?
Not on your life. The whole crowd
made Il rush upon him. bound him. held
a mock court martial upon him, and
decreed that if he did not say he was
sorry for what he had said they would
take him out in the park, tie him to a
tree and SNOWFALL him.
And the duke, seeing that the most
sensible thing he could do was to treat
sorry and was released. lie didn't
venture any further remonstrances,
and for the rest of the evening was
as merry as the merriest of them And
he laughed gayly when, later in the
evening. at the suggestion of one of
the titled "hooligans. washing lines
were stretched across the magnificent
hall and ladies' garments flched from
their rooms Were hung upon Dr. as
though to dry.
The ringleader in these II
ructions, particularly in t Il
joking, was most generally :
herself Her right hand in e
was Lord Rocksavage, {
Cholmondeley's heir What ,
failed to think of in the line
occurred readily to his lordsl- *
Winston's younger bro e..
also helped considerably, and so did
Daisy" Corvallis West. now Princess
Henry of Pless. The latter is said to
have continued this game in Germany,
but her Teuton husband soon put his
foot down and stopped it. Not, how
ever. until the princess had tried her
larks on the kaiser himself, who stay
ed with them shortly after their mar
riage.
copyright, l9i6, by Curtis Brown.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-23

wax. while burning lamps Illuminated
every part. so that this mystic vigil was
rendered brighter than the brightest day
light.
The services of the church on this day
are still of great beauty. In monastic
institutions. where the great number of
religious makes it possible to carry out
more of the liturgy than is commonly
seen in parish churches. the services of
Holy Saturday attract large crowds to
the ceremonies. The first of these con-
sists of the blessing of fire, from which
is lighted the sanctuary lamp. This lamp,
which is lighted in every Catholic church
where the sacrament is preserved, is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-23
Home Of Black Friars i'm Br0okland, D. G.

the night which precedes the dawn of
Easter. 1t was the aim of the early
Christians. in accordance with what they
conceived to be Christs own warning, to
see that at the moment of His revisit
ing the earth they should be found
watching. Hence, the vigil of watch
night at Easter. upon which tradition de-
clared the Savior would come again. was
considered the most solemn of all the
vigils of the year. In antiquity it was
celebrated with extraordinary splendor.
OF the Emperor Constantine are told
that he transformed the night of the
sacred vigil into the brilliancy of day by
lighting the whole city with pillars of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-23

war had been fought to a successful
conclusion, the dukes later part in 1t
being more worthy of the dignity OF
his name than the first had been. 1t
was he. in fact. who hoisted the union
jack over Pretoria, and he was pres
ent at the Bloemfontein conference.
which finally brought the struggle to
an end. The war over, he came back
to England to have as agreeable a
time as young man can have who
possesses one of the biggest fortunes
in England. and, with others. two of
the most splendid mansions in the
islands.
AS owner of most of Mayfair and
Belgravia. the two most fashionable
districts in London, not to mention
vast country estates, the dukes income
Is something like 100000 year, and
a few years hence will be more than
that. This is because the leases of his
London property are constantly falling
in, and are renewed by his grace only
at greatly enhanced rentals. For eN-
ample, when fashionable West End
draper. who is one of the dukes ten
ants. wanted the lease of the property
he holds renewed a few years ago. the
dukes agent agreed only on condition
that $4,000 a year was paid as ground
rent. instead Of $4,000. as hitherto. and,
furthermore. that the draper should
spend large amount on the erection
of new premises and pay a bonus of
$250.000. This lease, moreover. is but
minister's property which have termi-
mated of late years and been renewed
at enormous premiums. AS matter of
fact, at the end of twenty-five years or
so the whole of the leases on the 400
acres which the duke owns in this
aristocratic part of London will have
fallen in, and his present income of
two million odd will have increased
fivefold.
r
1t is hard today to realize that this
land, on which some of London's finest
houses are erected some of them
range in price from 100000 to 100000
was worthless marsh when the dukes
ancestors acquired it couple of CEN
turtles ago. Such is the fact, however.
Parts of it were drained and the land
let on long leases at low rents. 1t is
doubtful II the Grosvenor of that day
ever dreamed for one moment that his
marshy land would develop into the
most fashionable quarter of London.
Society. in course Of time. migrated
there. and thus Belgravia became the
center of wealth. luxury and fashion
and helped to swell the wealth of it's
landlord
1t is chiefly by fortunate marriages
that the Grosvenor family has become
one of the richest in the country The
10000 acres which the duke owns in
tnesnlre came INTO the FAMILY in the
reign of Henry vi by reason of the
marriage of Raufe de Grosvenor with
the only daughter and heiress of John
Eaton. lord of the manor of Eaton,
from which the magnificent country
seat of the Westminsters-Eaton Hall
takes its name.
For the real origin of the Grosvenor
wealth. however, one must go back
many centuries. when Hugh Lupus,
who was head huntsman. or eros We
nour thence the name), to William the
ConQueror, performed such valiant
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-23

choir. the cross is placed in a conven-
lent position and the ministers and friars
go up one by one, kneeling three times
in succession, each time nearer the cross,
and kiss the figure of the Christus. The
in which the blessed sacrament is con-
veyed from the repository in which it
was placed on Holy Thursday to the
main altar. Here it is consumed by the
celebrant, and the ceremonies end.
With the services of Holy Saturday the
church begins the celebration of the
Easter festival. 1t should be borne in
mind that formerly ceremonies pre-
scribed for Holy Saturday took place on
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-23

plucky scions Of aristocracy to take the
field against the burghers, and, to begin
with. was A. d. c. to Lord Miner. A
couple of months later-or. to be exact,
December %. 1899-the old Duke of
Westminster died. To the end he OPP
posed his grandson's love affair, and a
couple of months before his demise,
feeling that it was imminent, he or
dered new will to be drafted, by
which he prevented his heir coming
into possession of any estates for live
years. This will was sent to him the
day before he died, and he postponed
signing 1t. 1t was a lucky escape for
the young afd-de-camp.
OF course. the new holder of the duke
dom returned to England to confer
with the family lawyers and attend to
the other weighty business in connec-
ton with the transmission of one of
tho greatest inheritances in the world,
and when he went out to the Cape
again II was as A. D. c. to Lord Rob-
erts. The duke and his pretty iancee
had liked 1t to get married as soon as
the war was over
The marriage was the great event of
the season Of 1901. Meanwhile tho
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-23

n MONASTERY in h $ i ng
A\ America is something of an
S\ anomaly. but the actual fact of
g x the hustle and activity of life
as it is today in the United states is
one of the motives for the existence of
such place of Withdrawal for the man
who wishes to give his life to the
study. meditation and duties of reli-
giouS works.
The Dominican prory in Brookland.
D. G, in its strong, simple. chaste lines
of architecture, set in well proportions
ed grounds, gives concrete expression
to the character of the life which goes
smoothly within its domain. This
religious community numbers ninety
men. who are carrying on their reli-
gious lives as outlined by St Dominic,
who. in the thirteenth century, found
ed this famous order, which has sent
its preaching friars'' to every part of
the world on their evangelistic mission.
Easter day of this year the Domin-
can Monastery will celebrate the thir-
teanth year of its establishment, for,
April 90. 1903, the first sod was turned
by his eminence Cardinal Gibbons. in
the presence of large concourse of &c
clesiastics and friends of the institu-
tion. This year also commentaries the
seven hundredth anniversary of the
founding of the order, it's establish
ment being Confirmed by Honorius III
in the year 1916.
These anniversaries WILL however, be
secondary in Importance this month to
the celebration of Easter. which is cele-
brated with interesting. and. in some
respects. unique ceremonials, many of
which may be participated in by the
laity. The imposing effect of the serv-
ices and ceremonies at the institution
is rendered more striking by the habit
of it's members. who wear flowing
gown of creamy white wool, with, at
times and on occasions, an overgar-
ment of black. The black cloak al
ways worn out of doors gave rise in
olden times to the name of black
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-23

WEEK the Dominican Py Religious Numbering
Men, Who Their Religious Lives Outlined by St.
Ceremonies the Celebration of EterNc and Display Of Rich Vesments
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-04-23
THE EASTER ALTAR.

friars.' which has chung to the monks
of the dominican order to this day.
The Easter services of a monastery
are extremely Impressive, for they rep
resent by visible ceremony IN every
possible detail the events which led up
to and included the resurrection of
Christ. Differing from other commu-
mites in some particulars. the Dominic
cans have been permitted to retain