davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-09-18
Government Troops LOYAL.

Rumors current here that part oil
the Carranla garrison had joined Villa
were denied at the, JuareE comman-
dancia, is being asserted that ,all dis
patches were warm in their praise of
the government troops for their loyalty
in the action.
Physicians attending General The.
VINO. who sustained wound in the
arm in the action, said today that his
injuries are slight, il was announced.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-09-18

Corrected by n. T. GIN a Company. sll
West California avenue Subject 10 market
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-09-18
HORSE QUOTATIONS.

Market for horses is restricted princlpalIy
To the war trade For sound In good flcah
10 ycars old, the following prices pre-
vail
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-09-18
EACH REGIMENT
GOING TO BORDER
SENDS ONE HOME
GeAeraI Movement Norti.
Waiting ON Commission,

WASHINGTON. Sept l8 General
Funston was directed by the war de
uartmcnt today 10 return one national
guard regiment 10 Us home station for
each new regiment of the guard sent
% 'hc border
The Second Ncw ork infantry will
be one OF the first 60 return Other
regiments will be selected by General
Funston
Border Service for All.
The order was ISSUED m line with
Secretary Baker', policy OF sending
all organizations IN state mobilization
camps to the border before they are
mustered out OF the federal service.
The three North Carolina regiments
ordered south Saturday, together with
those from Tennessee. ALREADY on the
way Wlll be the first TO reach Gen
cral tun,tou'S command 20 relieve the
troops now there
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-09-18

Artillery horses lbh TO .l6 hands. tisboiio
Cavalry horses is TO lbN hands soifiib
Cohs, II and | inch to 10 hands sSsf Sb
What other trade there In In selling below
these prices
Cut Bank pioneer press. [volume] (Cut Bank, Mont.) 1909-current, 1916-05-26

J. w. Brant, same .......... CTS
H. ID. Harrison, same ....... .25
J.. A. Phillips, same ......... 1925
W. l.. Bullock, same ........ j.
F. s. Mitchell, same ........ 800
p. o. Peterson, same ........ 100
A. A. Fluto, same .......... 3.75
F. E. Van Denmark, Jr., same 1926
Bruce R. McNamer, same :. ZOO
Chas. N. Thomas, same...... $50
Ed. Hodgkiss, same........ 5.75
j. M. Hyde, same .......... $50
Chas. F. Suiste, same ...... 800
Gertrude Dean, election rent. 1000
First National Bank, Cut
Bank. same .............. SOC
o. A. Cowley, same ........ 500
Ralf Mclean, election Booths 500
j. ". Kirby, ........ 9.62
F. e. Van Denmark, same -. 800
Rogers-Templeton Co., Conrad,
same observation-disclosures. $3.50
w. ]. O'Brien, same ........ ST.
Mary E. White, janitor service
election zoo
Martin G. Read, same ...... zoo
Harris Bros. election supplies 1.8t
Choteau Acantha, printing bal
lots 434.t
Underwood Typewriter Co.,
supplies .............. 14.0(
Eugene Dietzgen Co., same. Eli
Eugene Dietzgen Co., same,.. 81
State Publishing Co., same. $685.
Murphy-Maclay Hdwe. Co.,
same 5.o4
Spencer & Mccullough, same 1.4I
Logan & Howard, same -. Lot
st. Anthony & Oak. Elev. Co.,
same ................... 35.2,
Jos. Hirshberg & Co., same. 50.7l
Great Falls Paper Co., same 80l
Great Falls Lmbr. Co., same Al,
State Industrial Accident
Board, accident assessment 1853
w. R. McLain, work at court
house 80,
G. A. Boutilier, same 5000. 40,
Robert Twiggs, same ....... 48.0I
l. S. MARITIME, same -........ 1.5I
DR.. G. d. Powell, coroner's
bond premium .......... 1870
J.. H. Devine, weights and
measures expense ....... 31.7
Choteau Acantha, publishing
commissioners proceedings 32.4
Choteau M%ontanan, printing
banks 1zl.5
The Tribune, cabinet and sta
tlonery 1853
DIR. C. ]. B. Stephens, dental
work for prisoner ....... 20
Chas. Frost & Co., clothing
for prisoner .............. 7.9
/. M. Rogers, transportation
prisoner ESQ
Choteau Heating & Plumbing
Co., material and labor. 230.S
VIM. Zimmerman, refund tax
C. James Smith, county audit
ors incidental fund ....... 217.5
Total .$34OO.3
ROAD WORK
]. w. Kerr, supervisors work 5 1888
Jos. F. Masselin, anne ...... $50
George A. Little, same ...... 204.0
A. Wagnild. same .......... 1877
Andrew Tetrud, same ...... 1904
G. M. Embody, same contract
work .................... $3.50
James Ross, road labor -. 800
o. S. Forseth, ame........ A.
Herman Assmann, same -. 1910
John Miller, same .......... 12.0
Allan Gamble, same ........ 20
Obert Peterson, same ...... $40
y ~ - N
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1916-07-05

ev iss. ded Aug 4.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1916-07-05
WILL APPROPRIATE A BIG
SUM FOR MACHINE GUNS

Washington, July 4-The house
has agreed to the conference re-
port on the Notifications appro-
priation bill with total of SIS
74S,O50 cash appropriations and
S13,SOO,O00 in authorized con-
tracts. An increase of $4,SS0,O5O
over the total as the measure or
lglnally passed the house, is
largely in appropriations for am
munltiOn reserves.
Secretary Lansing today asked
congress for 100000 to be used
in getting Americans out of
Mexico. He said available funds
had been exhausted and it was
highly desirable that every citizen
of the United States should be
brought out.
Appropriations of ST ,643,50O for
equipment of national guard units
with machine guns, $4,616,39 for
land defense armament, armoring
locomotives and for protective
measures in the Panama canal
zone also were asked in estimates
sumbitted by the war department.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1916-07-05
REGISTRATION NOTICE

Notice is hereby given that the
registration books Of the city Of
Fitzgerald will be opened at eight
o'clock a. m. on the morning of
the 5th day of July, 1916, and will
lie kept open until the 3rd day of
August, 1916, each day between
the hours of 8 a. m. to 6 p m. for
the purpose of enabling the quail
fed voters of said city to register
for an election to be held on the
18th day of August, 1916, to de-
termine the question whether or
not said city shall issue its bonds
in the sum of $23,0OO.00 for the
purpose of building and equip
ping two public school houses in
said city, one in the second ward
and one in the third ward of said
city.
This the 5th day of July, 1916,
DAVID L. PAULK,
City Clerk.
ev ISIS. ded Aug 4.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1916-07-05

for said election and the Clerk is
hereby directed to cause to be
published at once in the official
organ of said city notice of the
opening Of the books for said reg
istration.
Section 4. BE IT FURTHER
ORDAINED by the authority
aforesaid that when said registra-
ton books shall have been closed
for said election, that the Mayor
of said city be and he is hereby
authorized to appoint a commit
tee of Council for the purpose of
revising and purging said list, in
accordance with the charter OF
said city and according to law,
and furnish the managers of said
election with corrected list.
Section 5. BE 1T FURTHER
ORDAINED by the authority
aforesaid that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict
with this ordinances in conflict
with this ordinance be and the
same are hereby repealed. Read
first time June 10Th, 1916. Read
second time, July 3rd, 1916, pass
ed by the following vote, eyes"
5 votes. NO." None.
Approved this July 5th, 1916.
L. L. GRINER.
Acting Mayor.
Attest:
DAVID L. PAULK,
City Clerk. (SeaD.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1916-07-05
ORDINANCE, NO. 3eo.

An Ordinance calling an cleo
ton in theiCity of Fitzgerald to
determine the question whether
or not Said City shall issue bonds
in the sum Of $23,O0O.OO for the
purES1 of building and equipp-
? ing two public school buildings in
said city, one in the second ward
aRd the other in the third ward Of
said city; to authorize the May
or and Clerk of said City to have
prepared notice of said election,
and the same published as requir-
Ned by section No. 81 of the Code
of Georgia of 1895; to provide for
the opening of the registration
books of said city Tor the purpose
of registering for said election, as
provided in the charter of said
city, and to arrange for the hold
ing OF said election, and for other
purposes.
Section l. BE 1T ORDAIN-
ED by the Mayor and Council of
the City of Fitzgerald and it is
hereby ordained by the authority
aforesaid, that an erection be, and
IS hereby called ~fQr the 18th day
Of August, 1916, ssaid City Of
Fitzgerald for the purpose of de-
termlning the question whether
or not said City shall issue its
bonds in the sum of $23,OOO.OO
tor the purpose OF building and
equipping public school build
ing in the second and third wards
OF said city respectively.
Section 2. BE IT FURTHER
ORDAINED by the authority
aforesaid that the Mayor and
City Clerk of said city be and
they are hereby authorized and
directed to cause to be published
in the Leader-Enterprise," the
official organ of said city, a notice
in compliance with section No.
81 OF the Code of Georgia of
1895 notifying the qualified vot-
ers of said city that such election
will be held.
Section 3. BE 1T FURTHER
ORDAINED by the authority
aforesaid that the Clerk of said
city be and he is hereby instruct
ed to open the registration books
of said city on the 5th day Of
July, 1916, and keep the same
open between the hours of eight
a. m. and six p. m. each day (Sun-
days excepted) for period Of
thirty (30) days, or until the
third (3rd) day of August, 1916,
u hen the same shall be closed, for
e purpose oflenabling the quail
led voters of said city to regis
rs in accordance with the law,
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1916-07-05
NEW REVENUE BILL IS
INTRODUCED IN HOUSE

Washington, July 5.-A gen
eral revenue bill designed to pro-
duce about $2lO,OOO,OOO from in
creases in sur-taxes on incomes
and special taxes on inheritances
and war munitions plants was in
troduced in the house by Demo-
cratic Leader Kitchin. 1t carries
a provision creating non-parti-
san tariff commission and anti
dumping clause and proposes
abolishing stamp taxes by elimi-
mating schedules A and B of the
Underwood tariff law. The meas
ure will be taken up in the house
next Thursday under a special
ruling.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1916-07-05
IF YOU'VE GOT THE GOODS

You may know the pinch of ia
mine,
You may know the clutch OF
debt,
There may be but little lamb in
Any fricasse you get.
All the dubs may try to flop you,
Any trick to lay you low,
But they cannot really stop you,
If you've got the goods to-
show.
They may knock you down and
trample
On the wares you have to sell,
They may hand you out SAM
pie
OF little bit of hi!
They may turn on you and thun-
der,
'"Back you lobster, to the
woods"
But they cannot kepp you under
If you've really got the goods.
True, it's hard for you to suffer
What you know you don't de-
serve,
But it rather makes you tougher
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1916-07-05
Your
Stationery
CLOTHES Do NOT OF necess-

NLOTHES Do NOT OF necess-
" itY always make the man,
but they 60 a long way to i'm
prove him. The same with your
Office stationery. Precision in
! Printing cannot make nor break
your business. but it will help
you make your business more
successful. You and your eff
cheney are judged by the i'm
preston you make in the public
mind. The letter to mail to
your customer at a distance is
your personal representative.
Would you send your message
in the hands Of tramp or
ragged beggar? 1t is not quite
as essential to a favorable intro
duction that your letter heads
and envelopes and statements
should be printed in the best
manner possible. We do it the
best way.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1916-07-05

And it stiffens up your nerve,
Let 'em slam, and damn, and fout
you,
Bear it all as best you can.
But the world can't do without
you
If you've got the goods, Old
Man.
Exchange.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1916-07-05

Z The labor of building the kit
chen fire is cut in half if plenty of
dry newspaper is used. We will
sell you a large bundle for a nick
Ell. The Leader Enterprise.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1916-07-05
Your
Booklets

WHEN YOU WANT that
w booklet or cataIog--some-
thing a little better than your
competitor is getting OUTLET us
know your plans and then will
get together on the figures, the
kind of stock and the character
Of workmanship. We will not
emily save you money, but we
will please you in the little de-
tails. We do binding, perfOra-
ting and wire stitching. We
are doing a lot of booklets now
samples shown upon request.
You can increase your business
by a little investment in the
way of publicity. Let us confer
with you and submit plans and
cost. Judicious advertising
brings results. Judicious means
the best medium and the most
attractive designing.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1916-07-05
ST. WILLIAMS CATHOLIC
CHURCH.
West Central Ave.

H. A. SCHONHARDT, Priest.
Sunday School at $50 A. M.
Mass at 900 A. M.
Mass at 9 A. NJ, on the secon
and fourth Sunday of the month
The public is cordially invited.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1916-07-05
OUR SOLDIER BOYS

Dear soldier boys, you're leaving,
In lands sunbaked to roam.
We pray you'll soon be coming
Back to our hearts and home.
Your flags are floating proudly,
But we cannot see the stars,
Because our eyes are misty
Beneath the waving bars.
Your drums are beating wildly,
But we cannot hear them
sound,
Because Our hearts are beating
More wildly, round by round.
God grant when home you come
to us
Once more we'll see you then
With not a soldier missing
Nor officer, nor men.
-Maude Steinhauer Woolf
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1916-07-05
EXCURSION TO ATLANTA
July 9th, 1916.
VITA D q,

VIA "A. D. q "A,
Leave Fitzgerald 1855 a. m. and
1925 p. m.
Round trip $3.50.
Return limit July 18th, 1916.
Sleeping cars on night train.
Ask A. B. & A. Ticket Agent
for further information.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1916-07-05

The labor of building the kit
chen fire is cut in half if plenty of
dry newspaper is used. We will
sell you a large bundle for a nick
Ell. The Leader-Enterprise.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1916-02-13
MISS MARIE LACEY WINS
CHAMPIONSHIP TITLE

Miss Mario Lacey. the pretty l7-year-
old daughter OF Mr. and Mrs. NJ. J, Lacey
OF 1909 South Thirtieth avenue. last night
at the Auditorium roller rink. won the
title Of championship woman half mile
roller skater OF Omaha and also q beauti-
full silver cup. donated BY Charles A.
FRANKIE. manager Of the Auditorium.
The race last night was the second for
the cup. the trophy going 90 the young
woman who won two race The first
race was held q month ago and Miss
Lacey won this by an easy margin over
q field OF twelve starters.
Last night Miss Lacey skated much
faster than in the first race. making the
half mile in IN: Miss Faith Hansen
was second and Miss Ida Miller. third. A
big crowd witnessed the race and en-
joyed the roller skating.
Prior 10 the race. Wiley Compton chal-
iensed anyone to five-miia race. The
challenge was accepted by Dick Britton
and the race win probably be run OFF
early Ia March.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1916-02-13
MAKE YOUR OWN
LIQUORS AT HOME
Anyone Can Now Make Their Own
Liquors at Home and Save Money.

CINCINNATI, o., FNeb4 Is. 1si6.-A
well-known distilier OF this city has just
produced a Concentrated Extract. with
which anyone can make right at home,
any Whisky. Liquor or Cordial. at a
saving OF over fifty per cent Of the liquor
Dealers prices. It's very simple and
easy. A few minutes does the work, re-
curing no apparatus, no boiling, no ex-
perience Whatsoever. It Is said that the
Liquors made are far superior TO those
that can be purchased at most Liquor
Stores. and as a result OF this discovery.
thousands OF people all over the country
are already making their own Liquors
at Home. The legality OF his method has
been carefully investigated by the high
est authorities and found to comply with
the Laws in every respect. No one now
need be without their favorite Liquor,
as 1t can be made right at home or any
where. In fifty. just when wanted. Tho
news of this amazing discovery has star
tied the country and he has already re-
ceived thousands OF letters of praise.
Anyone can try q quart OF his favorite
Liquor free by writing to NJ w. Prickett.
21s1 Universal Bldg. Cincinnati. O.. and
ask for his interesting booklet. ~se-
erets Of Making Liquors at Home"
which he will send Free to anyone send
ing their name and addreSs.-Advertise-
ment.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1916-02-13
Huskers Will Not
Violate Rule for
Game at Portland
BY JAMES Il. LAWRENCE.

LINCOLN. Feb. 12-tSpeciaL) -chanccl-
lor Avery has received letter from the
president Of the Oregon Agricultural col
lege relative to the game to be played
between Nebraska and the Oregon Aggles
rext fall. Some objection had been raised
at Nebraska by reason that the game
was scheduled for Portland.
Avery is Informed in the letter that the
Portland field Is the home grounds for
the Oregon Agricultural college and there
can DO no violation OF the rules because
the game is played there Missouri Valley
conference rules require the games to be
played on the homo grounds OF the com
peting teams. DR.. Avery will ask the
conference to define home grounds"
before taxing final action.
Nebraska's athletic board will dispose
Of Guy Chamberlain's case at it's meeting
week from next Monday. Board mem
bers admit there is only one course open
and that is to disqualify the Husker star
Such action will undoubtedly be taken
TIL IN.
1t has been reported Chamberlain IL IN
play at Annapolis next fall and other re-
ports say West Point, but close friends
of the big end believe he is through with
foot ball and will not return 10 school
next fall. Chamberlain Ia in a position to
take his degree at any time.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1916-02-13
Sam Foster Shoots
Perfect Score in
Western Handicap

KANSAS. CITY, MO, Feb. 12.-sam
Foster OF Mason City, Ia, shot a per-
feet score In the Great Western Handl-
cap. the feature event of Kansas City's
annual midwinter shooting tournament.
which closed yesterday. Fosters victory
was not easily gained, however, for ]. T.
Roth Of Kansas City was tied with Fos-
ter, when each had tumpled thirty
white flyers in row. In the shoot
off Roth missed one of five and lost the
match.
F. A. draper of Custer Park ILL.,, won
the other event of the day. the interstate
target championship for amateurs. break
ing ninety-one clay targets out Of a
possible 100. A sliding handicap was
used. Among the five tied for second
place with eighty-seven hits, we're l.,
L. Hoon OF Jewell, Ia; @. X. Mackie OF
Lawrence. Kan. and j. J. Randall OF
Greensburg, Kan
Amateur high scores for the tourna'
ment were; +. A. Graper. AL out OF
AS: William wetleaf of Nichols, Ia, 4SS
W. L. Hoon. 49, Professional high
scores for the same number of targets
were: Fred Gilbert. Spirit Lake. Ill.,
445; II. T. Kennicott, st. Louis. Al; 0. G.
Spencer, st. Louis. 439.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1916-02-13

CONTINUED from Page one.)
wonderful athlete II no viii stick TO
training.
Reavis Goes 10 Cornell.
In the pole vault there are Gardipee
and Liebendorfer. both good prospects.
Reavia went to Cornell and the Huskers
will not be able to replace him. In the
hurdles Bolton Is a fair man, while M.
C. Townsend is a good quarter miller.
John RiddelI Ia showing up we'll as a
middle distance man, The distance men
include Aldrlch. Kubik. r. w. Scott.
Rdecke, Kicker and Runkei. all OF them
good.
shaw is the best shot putter the uni
versity ever had. Riddeli u good with
the shot and discus. while Captain Corey
OF the foot ball team is a good discus
man.
The freshmen squad is also strong,
with Bryan. Billiard Finney and Wer-
ner as sprinters. Jackson. Doran. Co.'S
tello and Engstrom In the sprints. Reed.
Davlat. Larson. stephens. Antics. Bowen,
Hamilton and Wallace In the distance
events. Flint. Kelley. Rolfe and wer-
ner In the jumps and Beckford and
Werner as murders.
Henderson. Overton and Valparaiso
have added their requests for basket ball
entries during the week. making q total
az i42 now In. Prospects point TO the best
tournament In the history of the associa-
ton. At least sixteen teams feel them
selves in the running for Glass honors.
Chadrou an the west claims 20 have q
team OF championship caliber. Fremont
seems to be holding the lead In It's terri
tory. Omaha. South Omaha. lincoln. Be
atrice. University Place. Hebron. Geneva.
wilbcr. Crete. Sidney. Minden and Hoi-
drege have good records and have been
wirning from one another by close
scores. Reed says ne has not estimated
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1916-02-13
INSURGENTS FORM
NEW AMATEUR BODY
Anothes Organization Comes Into
Existence Following Split at
Louisville.
TONNES HEADS FEDERATION

LOUISVILLE. KY, Feb. IA new ma
came into existence here today after
delegates to the annual meeting of tho
National Amateur Base Ball Association
Of America had split into two factions at
the morning session. The new body.
styling itself the National Amateur Base
Ball federation. elected c. E. TONNES of
Cleveland. president. It begins operation
with a membership Of nine cities.
Loyal members OF the old body at the
same time held a meeting in a room ad-
joining that in which the federation was
born. continued under the name Of the
National Amateur Base Ball Association
OF America and elected Ralston Goss of
indianapolis, temporary president. and e.
G. Seaton of Chicago was reelected sec
Ietary-treasurer. Ben J. Brumleve. Louis
VIII, was elected first vice president. and
J. A. Jeckel Detroit, second vice presi-
dent.
other Officers Named.
other officers installed by the fedora
ton were c, w. Sturr. Cincinnati, first
vice president; Rondowe Abeken, St
Louis. second vice president. and Thomas
Nokes, Johnstown, Pa, secretary-treas-
urer.
President Townes, appointed a commit
tee OF five TO draw up a constitution and
bylaws and meet March 10 at Cincinnati
where a constitutional convention will bs
held March IL The association did no
select its next meeting place and Presi-
dent Goss was given until February 2.
TO say whether no would continue to head
the organization. In the event that he
retains his office he will designate the
time and place for the next meeting.
Today's rupture IN relations occurred
when certain members who later alignet
themselves with the old association dis
agreed with the rulings OF Mr.. Townes
who in his capacity OF vice president. as
stunned the chair In the absence OF Presi
dent Patterson of Chicago. When Mr.
Townes decided that proxies could not b,
voted and that delegates here to appl,
for admission to the association coulC
vote Mr.. seaton resigned his office ant
left the room. Mr.. Goss' withdrawal
afterwards as old George Buechel o
Louisville. second vice president.
Present at the meeting that organize
the new federation were: Henry NJ. TufC
W. B. Bickford. Chicago; C. A. Brown
Toledo; r. S. wombald. Columbus; jaime
Mullarky. G. T. Townes. Cleveland; c
f. Martin. c. w. sturr. Cincinnati; WI
liam App. Frank A. Reichert, Louisville
Rondowne beken. st. Louis: Tom Nokes
Johnstown. Pa. and Paul r. Purmar
Des Moines.
W. e. Van Dusen. ]. Jacket. Detroit
DIR. p. NJ. Sexes. Pittsburgh, e. @
Trautman. Columbus, and George Bue
chel and Ben J. Brumleve OF Louisville
In addition to Goss and Seaton. attends
the meeting OF the association.
When the two meetings adjourned lat
4 today none OF the business the meeting
OF the National mateur Base Ball Asso
citation Of America had been called {