davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
A CITY or PALACES.
Havana Looks as Though It Had Been
Taken Bodily From Spain.

Havana Looks as Though It Had Been
Taken Bodily From Spain.
James Anthony Froude writing in
1887, said: Havana is city of pal
aces, a city of streets and plazas, of
colonnades and towers and churches
and monasteries. The Spaniards built
as they built in Castile-built with the
same material, the white limestone,
which they found in the new world.
The palaces Of the mobiles in Havana,
the residences of the governor, the con
vents, the cathedral, are a reproduction
of Burgos or Nalladolid, as if by some
Aladdin's lamp a Castilian city had
been taken up and set down unaltered
on the shore of the Caribbean sea.
San Cristobal de la Habana.' accord
ing to DR.. Jose Maria de la Tore, was
the last of the seven cities founded In
Cuba by the islands conqueror, the
Adelantado Diego Velasquez, and it
was located originally near the mouth
OF the Guines. or Aayabeuue rivar- on
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
aI..ERlCAn BAuKa0TES.
Harder to Counterfeit Than Those of
Any Other Nation.

Harder to Counterfeit Than Those of
Any Other Nation.
An official of the treasury department
says that not only do American en-
grayers of banknotes excel all others
in the artistic quality of their designs.
but that they likewise excel in the in
genuity of their provisions against
counterfeiting.
Jacob Perkins of Newburyport.
Mass, invented the method of trans
ferring designs from hardened steel
plates to steel cylinders and of retrans-
ferring to fiat plates, thus enabling the
engraver to devote the time necessary
to accomplish his best work in the
original and reproduce it at will Asa
Spencer, another Yankee. contributed
another instrument. the geometric
lathe, which renders difficult the sue
cessful counterfeiting of paper money.
Most European governments depend
for the protection of their paper mon
ey upon color work. Several of the
large banks of issue employ civil en-
gineers in their bureaus of engraving
and printing a proceeding that puz-
pies American experts. who cannot see
the connection between engineering
and engraving. Many italian bank
notes are easy to counterfeit few
years ago the Bank of Spain was oblig-
ed to abandon its own plant since its
notes were initiated so successfully
that the counterfeits were without
question accepted by the bank itself A
private concern now does the work
The Bank of Greece employs the
American method having suffered
sad experience with notes of German,
Austrian and English make.
The American experts do not hold to
the popular notion abroad that the
notes of the Bank of England cannot
be counterfeited. They contend that
these famous notes can be initiated
readily enough. for little attempt is
made to protect them beyond the use
of watermarked paper
One practical safeguard of great eff
fectiyeness is the custom of the Bank
of England of canceling every note
that is returned TO the bank and issu-
ing another i'll its place This and the
practice of keeping a record of the
numbers of all banknotes used in eV-
cry business establishment keep alive
a keen sense of responsibility, which
adds to security. Philadelphia Record.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
We. the Peonle.

The phrase, I'VE, the people of the
United States" in the preamble of the
constitution read in the first draft Of
the constitution as follows: I'VE, the
people of New Hampshire, Massachu-
setts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New
York. New Jersey Pennsylvania, Del
aware, Maryland, Virginia, North Car
olina, South Carolina and Georgia. do
ordain, declare and establish etc
Though unanimously adopted by the
convention, the wording had to be
changed to we, the people," simply
because the constitution, which had
not as yet been ratified, vas to go into
effect when ratified by nine states, and,
not knowing which states were to rat
ify, the naming of the states was, OF
course, out of the question
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
Satire and Sarcasm.

In "A Modern Columbus" by r. G..
Knowles. is this bonmot:
AT a table in the Lambs club, New
York, one evening satire and sarcasm
became the Subjects of severe criticism
among the assembled wiseacres, and
the discussion entailed some heated re-
marks, when the late Charlie Hoyt,
leaning over, quietly and unostenta-
tiously drawled out definition and
comparison of both that engendered
considerable thinking on the part Of
his listeners and ended the argument.
Satire, he said, is like the prick of a
needle, but sarcasm is blow from the
fist George Marion, my host on that
occasion, asked, Wen, then, what is
wit and humorT To which Hoyt re-
piled, The plaster that heals the
wounds caused by the other two"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31

the south coast across the island from
its present site, on st. Christopher's
day, July %. 1915. BY special permis-
sion of the pope Nov. 16 is celebrated
as the city's natal day instead In order
that the festivities may not conflict
with those held on the former date In
honor of St James, who shares the
25th with St Christopher and who is
the patron saint of Spain as well as OF
the island of Cuba. So the village was
named st. Christopher and given the
surname Habana because Habana was,
according to the Spanish rendition Of
the Indian word, the name by which
the aborigines designated all this sec
ton of the island. And today Havana
is called "the key to the new world"
If you have never been in Cuba you
have missed something. If you were
not there fifteen or twenty years ago
you missed having the yellow fever at
least-New York Herald.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
A POPULAR FALLACY.
That the Short Day Is Less Productive
Than One of Longer Toll.

That the Short Day Is Less Productive
Than One of Longer Toll.
In the vital and important element
OF labor regulation the one rock ribbed,
moss grown and indomitable obstacle
to an intelligent adjustment and plan
ming of the hours of labor is the calm
and unshakable assumption on the
part of the public that an eight hour
day is necessarily and in the very ma
ture Of the case a smaller day than a
ten hour or a twelve hour one-that is to
say, less productive less valuable, less
remunerative to the employer This
plausible and conclusive assumption is
| Of course loudly heralded abroad by
the employer OF labor and the COM
munity falls for it, unanimously and
swallows it whole without even stop
ping to put its teeth into it,
1t sounds so alphabetically and ele-
mentally convincing and plausible. If
a man earns s. in a day of ten hours,
naturally he can earn only SLIGO in
eight hours.
Consequently any demand to have
his day shortened and still receive ex-
| actly the same wage is a barefaced i'm
position upon the good nature of an in
nocent and long suffering employer.
If the worker demands shortening OF
his day without corresponding reduc-
ton of his wages he is asking for either
blackmail or charity, according to pop
ular logic, the only question being
whether the employer can magnani-
mously afford to give it TO him ont OF
his legitimate profits
The only trouble with this universal
ly accepted and self evident PROPOSE
ton is that it doesn't happen to be
true and utterly lacks the support of
facts
On the contrary. incredible if not
paradoxic as it may sound, thousands
Of experiments on both sides of the At
lantic, in all sorts Of trades. have over
whemingly proved that so far the
shorter the working day the more work
Is turned out
In addition to this, the quality of
work is so much better the wastage
by breaking. spelling and soiIing so
much less, the accidents both to ma
chinery and to men so much fewer.
that the eight hour day saves to the
employer more than the additional
wage per hour cost on these counts
alone
In fact, so far as the worldwide
process of lowering the one and rails
ing the other has gone to date the
fewer the working hours and the
higher the wages the lower the labor
cost of the product Woods Hutchin-
son. NJ. D., in New York American.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
Chameleon Scared White.

Madagascar is the home of the cha
meleon. In his book, "A Naturalist In
Madagascar" James Sibree says the
chameleon changes color for other rea-
sons than adaptation to its back
ground. He saw one that turned per-
fectly white out of fright when seized
in the coils of a snake. When released
it resumed it's ordinary color The Ma
lagasy call it ranilaheloka. which
means naughty old boy"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
Wisdom and Silence.

An acquaintance of the late Josh Bill
lings was one day talking with him
about the remarkable increase of imi-
tations and substitutes Tor original ar.
ticles, as oleomargarine for butter, eel
luloid for ivory, and so forth And
said he, many of the substitutes go
ahead of the real thing. | guess in time
there viii be substitute for every
thing though | don't know about wis.
DOM"
NO replied the humorist: up to
the present time, at least there is no
really good substitute for wisdom. But
silence is the best that has been dis
covered
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31

@ Economic power is something
g with which to conjure; it is to
q be respected.
@ 1t is indeed significant that the
g railway brotherhoods are not de-
Q manding eight hour legislation,
q but are demanding eight hours
9 through their economic organiza-
q tions and to retain their own
@ control over the regulation of
@ hours of work Thus they will
Q establish great boon for them
@ selves, for the railroads and for
@ the general public. and at the
@ same time prevent the possibil-
@ ity of any outside agency exer-
=" cfsing power to regulate for
@ them the hours of work.
@ 1t is earnestly hoped that the
@ necessity for a strike to secure
@ the just demands of the railroad
9 men may be averted, but be it
9 understood that the workers
@ power to secure justice and
@ rights depends upon his right
@ and, if necessary, his willingness
@ to strike. American Federation
g list.
o
@ @ % o o @ o o @ o 90 q, % o q, O.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
i1oIdina the Shade.

when a shade is drawn in 'front.' of
an open window" says the Woman's
Home Companion. 1T will often blow
far into the room and be no protection
whatever. This device is hardly visible
and solves the problem perfectly: Put
screw eyes at top and bottom of win
dow sash and through the slat on each
side of the shade Fasten cord in top
screw eye. run through the eye at
tached to slat and tie securely in lower
screw eye. The curtain may then be
raised and lowered with perfect ease.
and there will be no tapping. Neither
will there be any risk of damage to the
unruly shade"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
A Bottle Raronnatar-

Fill bottle or tube with alcohol in
which you have dissolved a piece OF
camphor. About one cubic inch of
camphor to half glass Of alcohol is
the right proportion. Cork the bottle
tightly and the barometer is ready for
use. If the weather is to be fair the
alcohol will remain clear. If the aIco-
hol is cloudy the weather win be rainy.
The higher the cloudiness rises in the
bottle the rainier the weather will be.
BE careful to keep the bottle tightly
corked, so that the alcohol and the
camphor will not eyaporate.- Youths
Companion.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
LABOR NOTES.
ssee,,t

The International Journeymen Tai
lors' union has a membership of 150,-
600.
THE labor power of human being
is not a commodity or article Of com
nerce"
The 10000 schoolteachers in New
York city are considering the advisa-
bility Of forming a union.
An increase Of Il cent an hour in the
wages of approximately $500 shop
men of the Denver and Rio Gran de
railway has been granted
A movement to affiliate actors and
actresses with the American Fedora
ton of Labor is being discussed in
many actors organizations.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31

America has produced three wonder
full boy calculators. Marvellous Grif-
fith," as he was called, could raise a
number to the sixth power in eleven
seconds. Truman Stafford at the age OF
ten could multiply one row OF fifteen
figures by another of eighteen in a
minute or less. The third was William
James Sidis, who at fourteen went TO
Harvard and astounded all of his in
structors by his profound grasp of
mathematical principles Boys Life.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
Eindina snecific Gravity.

The specific gravity of oil may be
ascertained by taking glass vessel
and weighing it; then weight into it
an ounce of water and mark the point
where the water reaches; then fill to
this mark with oil and weigh it, Ex-
press the weight Of the oil as a deci-
NAL part of an ounce, which will be
the specific gravity of the OIL That Of
grease may be obtained in the same
manner, pouring the melted grease into
the vessel.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
PERILS OF GASOLINE.
When Air Mixes With the Vapor, Then
Look Out For Trouble.

LOOK Gut = OF u FOuple.
Fatalities on account of gasoline fires
are on the increase, which leads the
Journal of the American Medical AS
sociation to remark that, lin harmony
with experiences respecting human
ways and human Indifference, the in
creasing use of gasoline and other
liquid fuels which are dangerous be-
cause of their ready infammability
will probably increase the number of
accidents which cause loss Of life as
well as great damage to property Mis-
cellaneous hazards in the use of the
infammable products exist which lead
to leakage of these volatile substances
and their ignition by spontaneous and
unsuspected methods, as we'll as those
due to obvious carelessness.
"a feature however. which is not
readily comprehended and which is a
serious source of danger is the fact
that gasoline or gasoline vapor burns,
but mixture of the vapor and air is
highly explosive" The bureau of
mines in a technical paper by G. A.
Burrell illustrates the situation in these
words:
''If one takes the cover off a full pail
of tightly inclosed gasoline and ap-
plies a match to the surface the gaso-
line viii flare up and burn as long as
the gasoline lasts. On the other hand.
il one puts few drops of gasoline in
a small tightly inclosed pail, waits a
few minutes and then introduces a
flame or an electric spark a violent ex-
plosion will most likely result. In
the first place, the yapor burns as fast
as it comes from the gasoline and
mixes with the oxygen of the air; in
the second. the oil vaporizes in the pail
and mikes uniformly with the air in it
to form an explosive mixture and on
ignition explodes
consequently, when one hears of a
disastrous gasoline explosion one may
be sure that it resulted from the mix
ing Of the vapor from the gasoline
with air in the proportions necessary
to form an explosive mixture
'The behavior of Illuminating gas,
"AiNi Dtii lio 'ldlCllS w utu tlDeEdIeu
alone but eXplodes when a mixture
with air is heated, is quite analogous.
The public has been slow to appre-
ciate these distinctions, and hence they
deserve emphasis.
AT ordinary temperatures air will
hold from ) to IS per cent OF gasoline
vapor As gasoline rapor is about
three times as heavy as air in room
containing a mixture of the vapor with
air the vapor is found in largest pro
portion near the floor According to
the government experts there is need
ed only a small proportion of gaso-
line vapor 10 render air explosive A
cubic feet of the vapor to 97.5 cubic
feet of air. One gallon Of gasoline can
under ideal conditions render 2.1OO
cubic feet of air explosive.
A dangerous feature of gasoline va
por is that it may travel a considerable
distance from the gasoline and there
be ignited, the fash travelling back to
the container of the liquid and causing
a roaring fire in a few seconds"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
Dead Wronn.

what would you do, Jimson," asked
Professor Brainfag, "if you saw man
fall dead in the street without appar-
ent reason?"
Il really wouldn't know what to do,
SIR" answered the young student. "I
think should just let him lie there. It
would certainly be wrong of any man
to drop dead in the street without first
giving his reasons for doing so."--
Kansas City Star
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
TriDta Waue increase.

The Florence Iron works, Florence,
N. j., which announced general in
crease in wages for its employees on
Feb. l, has posted notices announcing
a second increase on April 10 and a
third a month later if business condi-
tions warrant it. All those employees
receiving less than $3 a day will get a
five cent increase per day on both
dates, while higher salaried men viii!
be considered according TO their merits.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
Cramps, Workers Get Raise.

Nearly 5000 workers of Cramps ship
yard and the T. p. Morris plant at
Chester, Pa, are benefited by the 10
per cent increase in wages which went
into effect March 1. The increase was
announced some weeks ago and was
given voluntarily III an effort to share
the prosperity of the company with
the employees. The Morris plant is a
subsidiary of Cramps. There are
enough orders to keep the plants busy
two years
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
Printers Get Raise

The house committee ON postoffices
and post roads at Washington has
raised the maximum wages of printers
employed in postoffices TO $1500 The
unionists objected to employees classi-
fed as clerks doing printers work
and pointed out to the committee the
fnadequacy of wages paid to printers
in the postal service and asked that
the rates be increased from $1,000 to
$1,000. The committee adopted this
suggestion.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
Treadmills.

Water mills were used in the time Of
Julius Caesar. In Roman times slaves
were condemned to the corn mills
which were propelled by treads. After
ward cattle were used. In the third
and fourth centuries there were as
many as 300 cattle mills in Rome.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
Got Excited.

"Was her father violent when you
asked him for her hand?'
"Was he? Great guns! l thought
he'd shake my hand off" Town
Topics.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31

That you are young only once does
not justify you in spelling your pros
poets for an agreeabl old age.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31

Men are born to be serviceable to one
another: therefore reform the world 3r
bear with it.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31

Work is the inevitable condition of
human life, the true source of human
welfare.--Tolstoy.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31
ECONOMIC POWER.

30 . . . . . . !. . . . . 0 . Q
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1916-03-31

o . . Q Q Q . . . . % Q o . . Q
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1916-03-20
JUST TWO YEARS AGO.

In the Outlook Of Sept. %. 1914, The
odore Roosevelt wrote: "a delegation
Of Belgians has arrived to invoke our
assistance. What action our govern
ment can and will take, l know not
It is certainly eminent
~ desirable that we should remain en-
tirely neutral, and nothing but urgent
need would warrant breaking our neu-
trality and taking sides one way or
the other. OF course, it would be folly
to jump into the gulf ourselves to no
good purpose, and very probably moth
ing we could have done would have
helped Belgium We have not the
smallest responsibility for what has
befallen her. Only the clear
est and most urgent national duty
would ever justify US in deviating
from our rule OF neutrality and nom
interference" OF course, this was
written before the colonel discovered
what he thought to be an issue In the
Belgians' troubles. But how are we
to work ourselves into the heroic
mood" which the colonel says we must
be in If he is to lead US. while these
unheroic words rankle in memory?
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1916-03-20
COST OF SPENDING.

Time was when men talked ser
iously of earning. Now we make a
business of spending. And We COM
plain of the high cost of living, when
half of the time we should be con-
demning the high cost of spending.
Talking about business, or talk
ing shop" is considered very bad
form, but talking about the values,
virtues and upkeep of autos is held to
be an extra smart brand of CONVEX
sation. Whether we will it or not, all
this talk produces direct results.
Talking about spending begets more
spending. No matter how much we
earn, we never have anything left But
somewhere between earning and
spending, there should be place for
saving. By giving thought, we man
age much spending. Much saving can
be accomplished by the same simple
process,
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1916-03-20
CIVILIAN CHIEFS.

Some newspapers are bewailing the
fact that military man" was not
placed at the head of the war depart
ment. The same cry has come from
the same sources over the administra-
tons failure to put navy man" at
the head Of the navy department.
There is we'll founded reason why
civilians, instead of professional SOL
diers and sailors are purely admins
trative. They are the connecting link
between the civilian population and
the two branches of war service. A
military specialist in the war depart
ment, who thinks war, talks war and
dreams war, would not only be men
ace to our peaceful relations with
other powers, but would agitate per-
petually for militarism. The same
condition would result from profess
sional navy man at the head of the
naval department.
1t has been the unbroken policy of
all administrations to assign the war
and navy portfolios to eivilians-a
policy adhered to even in time of war.
If we were a military autocracy, there
might be some reason for changing
this established custom.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1916-03-20
IRedheld, said with reference to these

deposits:
They have not been fully surveyed
but one of the deposits land there are
many lies at the waterfront and Is a
mile long by a half mile broad. It's
thickness is not fully determined but
an average depth Of two feet is per-
haps a reasonable estimate, and in
places where 1t has been exposed by
the sea or by workings, 1t is known to
be six feet deep.
"The value Of these deposits is large,
certainly it runs into the millions,
possibly into many millions of dollars.
The physical conditions have pre-
served the fertilizing properties Of the
bones in a remarkable way, as the
analysts shows. Our agriculture great
ly needs this material and the demand
is such that the wholesale price for
raw ground bone was S35 ton in De-
cember. Grinding is cheap, costing say
75c ton. An abundant supply of la
Dor is available on the spot.
"The problem Of utilizing this i'm
mense deposit is one Of transpor-
tation. 1t Immediately concerns the
farmers of our land to have it brought
into use as promptly and as cheaply
as possible. Here are many cargoes
available, calling for transportation,
of material the country needs. Here
is the fertilizer Of which our fields are
in need Where are the ships to bring
! il to market7"