davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-11-18
NEW SAFETY SPRINGS
INSTALLED IN AUTO

Persons who notice the frequency
of automobile accidents. even though
they may have been fortunate enough
to escape such mishaps themselves,
will appreciate the very important
factor of safety that has been de-
veloped to an unusual degree In the
Overland So.
The cantiIeyer springs and up
swept frame lower the center OF
gravity of the car and at the same
time give it a more graceful appear
ance, says G.. II. Dye, general sales
manager of the Schuman Carriage
Company, local Overland distributors.
This low center of gravity
makes it much more difficult to
ovefturn the car than If II we're built
along ordinary lines. Most serious
automobile accidents are caused by
the oyerturning of the car due to
skiGding on slippery road or to max
ing short turns at high rates Of speeu,
and many fatalities that have resulted
from such accidents would have been
avoided If the cars had been built with
a low center of gravity.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-11-18

by the water in the cell Just as sugar
is dissolved when it is placed in wa
ter. The result of the action at the
negative or zinc plate is a wasting
away of the plate itself, the formation
of zinc sulphate and the production OF
negative charge on the zinc plate.
The H2 part of the acid possesses a
positive charge and, instead OF hang
ing on to the zinc plate, as in the
case of the SC4 part of the acid, it
passes over to the copper plate, where
it gives up its positive charge and then
rises off into the atmosphere. AS a
result of this action the positive or
copper plate becomes positively
charged.
The entire chemical action within
the cell is represented by the diagram
given in Figure 2 The acid is broken
up into two paris, H2 and SO4. The
HI part has positive charge of cleo
tricity and travels in the direction of
the current, and the SO4 has a mega
tive charge Of electricity, and it passes
In the opposite direction to the cur
rent. The fact that the charges of
electricity on the two plates are of
opposite sign causes a difference in
electrical pressure to exist between
the two plates. This difference in
electrical pressure will produce a cur
rent In conductor connecting the
two plates and the chemical action
within the cell will continue to go on.
The energy of the chemical action
within the cell is transformed into the
electrical energy of the electricity
flowing in the circuit.
II there Is no electrical connection
between the copper and zinc plate out
side the cell, the chemical action will
go on until the two plates are charged,
and it then stops.
The action Of all primary cells is
similar to the one just described. That
Is, the electrolyte is always broken up
into two opposlteiy charged parts, and
these two parts give up their charges
to the two plates The difference in
electrical pressure between the two
plates depends upon the kind Of plates
and the composition of the electroiyte,
and is independent of the size of the
plates or, the volume of the electro
lyte. -.
Polarization
The hydrogen gas is likely to cling
to the positive plate after it has given
up its charge and form a layer of n.y.
drogen gas over the surface of the
plate. This accumulation of hydrogen
gas in the positive plate is called po-
larization. The hydrogen gas is
very good conductor of electricity ano,
as result, the resistance offered by
the cell itself to the flow of electricity
through it, which is called the inter
nal resistance of the cell, is increased
and a larger part of the electrical
pressure between the plates is used
within the cell in order to force the
electricity through the higher resist
ance. AS result, there is a decrease
in the pressure available outside the
cell to force the electricity through the
outside circuit.
There is an electrical pressure set
up between the film of hydrogen gas
and the copper plate whose direction
is opposite the electrical pressure be-
tween the zinc plate and the copper
plate and as result the net electrical
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-11-18

III two pieces of unlike metals be i'm
mersed i'm solution which is CAPABLE
OF acting upon one OF them more than
upon the other there will be an cleo
trlcal pressure set up between them
ms electrical pressure Will produce a
current oil electricity between the two
pieces OF metal when they are con-
nected by wire which passes from
one piece 10 the other outside the solu-
ton. Such a combination of plates
and solution constitutes what is called
a voltaic cell, as il was first discoy-
cred by an Italian physicist, Volta, and
was named after him. Ii is however.
sometimes called a galvanic cell. after
Galyani, who was Volta's contempt.
rary.
Two pieces OF metal, such as copper
and zinc, Immersed in solution called
the elecrolyte of dilute sulphuric acid
as shown in Figure !, form a simple
Voltaic cell. This cell is capable of pro
ducing a continuous flow of electricity
through wire whose ends are con.
nected to the zinc and copper strips.
When the electricity flows the zinc is
wasted away, its consumption furnish
ing the energy required to drive the
electricity through the circuit com
posed of the solution, the two plates
and the outside electrical connection
between the plates. The cell, for con-
venienee, might be thought of as a,
chemical furnace, in which the fuel
is zinc.
The strip Of metal from which the
electricity flows as it passes through
the portion of the circuit outside the
cell is called the positive pole or pos
tive terminal of the cell, while the
plate toward which the electricity
flows in passing through the portion
OF circuit outside of the battery is
called The Negative pole or negative
terminal OF the battery. In the above
case the copper will be the positive
terminal and the zinc will be he mega
tive terminal. The positive and mega
tive terminals Of cell are usually
designated by tie plus t-t) and minus
81 signs. respectively. Storage bat
teries often are marked with these
signs.
Primary and Secondary Cells
IL a cell is capable of producing an
electrical current in a circuit directly
from the consumption Mn it of some
substance, such as zinc, it is called
primary cell. II, however, a current of
electricity must first be sent through
the cell to bring 1t into such con-
dition that IL is capable of producing
current it is called secondary, or
storage, cell. The fundamental dis
tinction, then, between a primary and
a secondary, or storage, cell is that
with the latter type the chemical
changes are reversible, while with the
former type this is not practical, even
when possible.
The action taking place in the pri-
mary and secondary cells, when they
Are delivering current, is practically
the same, but the action in the pri-
mary battery Is perhaps little easier
followed, and it will be given in detail.
The cell shown in Figure 2, which is
composed of a piece of zinc and a piece
of copper immei sed in a solution o. di-
lutte sulrhuric. acid, is good example
OF a primary cell. Gu is the chemical
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-11-18

Postoffice officials and officars OF
the Michigan Central Railroad an
nounced that rewards totaiing $4,000
will be paid for the capture Of the
BANDITS who held up the New York
Chicago express 10 miles from Detroit
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-11-18

rig. SO tell the positive
tecnt tal from the negative ter.
nIinal Of a battery, connect a
setre 20 each pole and dip the
ends Of the Irire In a glass OF
tcatcr. The current decom-
poses the ioater into hydrogen
and Oxygen, the hgdrs9eh COM
ing OF the negative pole and
the Oxygen OF the positive ter
ntnGl. As there IS ttcice as
much hydrogen as orvgen In
rdter, che terminal giving on
Tost bubbles is Tie neJafire
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-11-18
FLORIST WHO WISHES TO MAKE OWN REPAIRS SHOULD
CONSTRUCTION BATTERIES
t++++++++++t++t.+.

Herewith is presented another =
article designed to give the =
: motorist the knowledge neces- =
' sary 10 enable him to care for =
and repair any and all OF the \
' electrical features OF his car, no =
= matter what make or model it =
' may be. The articles are =
= printed by special permission =
: from Motor Age. for which they =
: were prepared by David Penn =
: Moreton and Darwin s.. Hatch. '
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-11-18

Fig. 6-Usual ray Of repre-
Bentin0 a battery in Eirin0 dia-.
grams. The Y 9ss -. esdriS.
tGst0lly o.Aitted
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-11-18

The more / saw of foreign lands, the more
loved my own country.-DeBelloy.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-07-26
WEST BARNET.

(Thressa c. Blaine, Correspondent. }
Mr. and Mrs. William Hunt of
Woodsville, who have been camping
at Edwin Manchester's, returned to
their home the first of the week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Roy visited
Mr.. and Mrs. Van S. Blake the first
of the week.
Mrs. Emma HASTE went TO Nc
Indoe Sunday to care for her son,
Francis, who was badly hurt Sunday
morning by the cars.
Mr.. and Mrs. Arthus Roy were at
Danville Monday afternoon on bust
ness.
Rev. and Mrs. Young and family
of Roxbury, Mass, are camping at
Robert Roys cottage.
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Powers of
East Ryegate visited Mrs. Clayton
Libby at the camp Monday at Ed
win Manchester's.
Rev. Francis Laird returned last
week. All hope he is much better
than when he left for his vacation.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-07-26

producing berries nearly as big as
tennis balls. One on exhibition meas
ures six inches in circumference.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Clogston OF St.
Johnsbury were guests at the home
of Mr.. Clogston's parents for the week
end.
Miss Marie Browning, who has been
for several weeks with her aunt in
Boston, has returned home.
Mrs. Elma Martin of Glover is a
guest at the home Of her cousin, c.
F. Cutler on Park street.
w. ]. Edwards, en- route from Can
ada to his home in Barre, called on
his wife's parents, Mr.. and Mrs. M. ].
Smith, Friday.
Mrs. Harrington and son and Miss
Gardner of Boston, Mass, are guests
of Mrs. Blake at the Walter Nye farm
for the summer.
A picked up team from Barton went
to Glover Saturday afternoon to play
ball with the Glover team.
Ralph Laird of Richford was in
town to spend the weekend with
Mrs. Laird at Hotel Barton.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-07-26
ORLEANS

Mrs. Wescott and daughter Of New
tonville, Mass, and Clayton Sanford
of Weymouth, who have been guests
at the Valley House the past week, left
Saturday for short visit in st. Johns
bury.
The camp fire girls, under the guild
ance of Miss Marie Darling, left Sat-
urday for a weeks camping trip at
Willoughby lake.
Miss Grace Heath is assisting at
the Webster company's during the
absence of Mr.. and Mrs. H. S. Web
ster, who are enjoying a vacation at
Willoughby lake.
Miss Helen Beede is spending a
weeks vacation at st. Johnsbury.
Chester Clapper and Harlan Stearns
are among the campers at Willoughby
lake.
Miss Doris Spafford, the local 5000
Club member, is aiding materially in
boosting the local circulation of The
Caledonian.
Advertised letters at the post-office
for the week ending July Is are for
Mrs. Mable Perkins, John McLucas
and John Smith.
Mrs. P. c. Skinner is visiting in Is
land Pond.
Miss Ann Jones is i'll.
Floyd Elliott, who has been visiting
Mr.. and Mrs. P. G. Skinner, has re-
turned to his home in Island Pond.
w. A. Dutton and family of Hard
wick were visitors in town Saturday
The tickets for the Community
Chautaqua which will be in Orleans
August 10 to IA inclusive, are now on
sale at most any business house. The
big waterproof tent will arrive either
on the night of August 9Th or on the
morning of the first day, being placed,
as last year, on the school grounds
The local committee succeeded in pro-
curing one of the strongest programs
ever held out to the people of Orleans
and vicinity, which will be printed in
a few days. The people of neighbour
ing towns are extended a special in.
vitation to attend and all Orleans will
be united to accommodate such visitors.
Those who attended last year will re-
quire no second invitation, while those
who did not will only need to be in
formed that Orleans recommends it.
The local committee is at your service
for any desired information.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-07-26
LUNENBURG.

(Mrs. F. F. Balch, Correspondent
Mrs. Ed. Dodge is i'll.
Mrs. Arthur White has gone to
Bethlehem, n. H., for the summer
Mr.. and Mrs. John Langford and
son, Ned, were recent guests of Mr..
and Mrs. 1. J. Bowker.
Mrs. Flora Balch is still detained
by illness at the home of her mother
and sister at Cliffdale, Fairlee, and
the local telephone office is in charge
of Mrs. Wentworth and Miss Bean.
Mrs. Laura Colby spent last week
in Woodsville, n. H, with her son,
Harry, and daughter, Mrs. Fred
Mann, leaving her daughter, Mrs.
Sherman LeClair of Pittsfield, N. H,
to keep house for her.
Miss Dora Wilson has gone to New
York to attend summer school, leav-
ing Miss Avis Colby in charge of the
postoffice.
DR.. P. ]. Sheeran has left town and
the town is once more without a
resident physician.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-07-26

A horse drawn hurdy-gurdy was a
Source of entertainment in town
Wednesday evening and Thursday
forenoon.
Miss Florence Stone who recently
finished work at Hotel Barton after a
period of several years, has gone to
Cambridge to visit a brother in that
town.
Mrs. Zura Hanson has been enter
tanning her aunt, Mrs. Sara Little Of
Newbury this week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Nelson Stevens have
returned from a business trip to
Springfield, Mass.
The ladies of the Congregational
church are to hold a picnic supper
at the LIE Beau Lac Boat clubs club
house today.
Mr.. and Mrs. G. H. Davis and par
ty are taking an automobile trip in
Maine this week.
Mrs. Aaron Drown of Willoughby
has been entertaining her brother.
James Stanford, the past week.
Willoughby has had some sort of
a lumber mill for the past SO years
and Henry Brooks has come to the
villages rescue and erected a COM
pIete little bobbin mill which is ready
for business.
Mrs. Gerald Plunkett has returned
to Barton from Orleans. Her mother,
Mrs. Colby, remains in very serious
condition and little hope is entertain
ed for her recovery.
curt" Johnson, a former Barton
resident and now cashier Of the Peo-
pies National bank at Barre, was mar
ried July 18th to Miss Alice AverilI,
also of Barre. The ceremony was
performed by the groom's father,
Rev. w. c. Johnson, at the Methodist
parsonage in Windsor.
Mr.. and Mrs. C. r. Powell and
children were at Hotel Barton Tues
day night.
The Standard Oil Company's ma
chine for oiIing the streets arrived
from st. Adams Friday. and during
Saturday, Main and Church streets
were given a liberal dose of oil.
Mrs. Isabel Hastings has been en-
tertaining her brother, Mr.. Hamilton
from Canada the past week.
Orange Mossman was taken sud
denly i'll last week and it was deemed
best to have a surgical operation for
appendicitis Friday night. DR.. Allen
of st. Johnsbury performed the opera
ton. Mr.. Mossman was doing well
at last reports.
Mr.. and Mrs. J. C. Batchelder and
son of Portsmouth and the Misses May
and Mildred Dutton of Craftsbury
were guests of f. D. and Mrs. Allie
Pierce the past week.
Mrs. E. F. Dutton is visiting rela-
tives in Craftsbury.
G. H. Brown of Newport Of the
Passumpsic Telephone Company was
a business visitor in town Saturday.
A. w. Buswell's strawberry patch is
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-07-26
WOODSVIIE.

1T. J. Shores, Correspondent
Miss Almira Shepherd Of Haverhill
was a Woodsville caller Thursday.
Mrs. F. K. Kittredge is reported on
the sick list.
Harold Dawson is acting as con-
ductor of the Mt. Washington rail-
road.
The Ladies' Guild of the St. Luke's
Episcopal church gave very success
full lawn social at the parish house
Thursday evening. The band was pres
ent and gave a fine concert and the la
dies made snug sum from the sale Of
ice cream, cake and aprons.
Fred c. johnson Of Wetmore, Kan
sas, Newton /. Wilmot and A. b.
Palmer Of North Thetford, VT, were
recent guests Of Hon. c. H. Hosford.
Mrs. John L. Colby and children
are spending the week in Monroe
with her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. c. II,
Hosford.
Mr.. and Mrs Carl Dole Of Washing
ton, d. c., are the guests Of their aunt,
Mrs. Mary d. Randall
Mrs. Kimball of Monroe is i'll at the
home Of her daughter. Mrs. s. G.
Blodgett.
w. F. Wormwood is seriously i'll at
the Hotel Wentworth.
Mrs. Charles +. Dever of Mauch
Chunk, Pa, is visiting E. B. Mann and
family.
Misses Leta and Helen Weare are
spending a few days with relatives in
Whitefe1d.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-07-26
DANvILLE.

(Mrs. c. w. Bartlett, Correspondent
Mrs. Alonzo Page returned last
Wednesday from the st. Johnsbury
hospital, where she has been i'll the
past two weeks.
L. A. Bartlett was at home from
Craftsbury for over Sunday.
Miss Katherine Currier and Miss
Harriet Choate have returned from
Old Orchard. Me.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lyman Hunt of North
Bnlerica. Mass. visited friends in
town last week.
Mrs Merton Badger and baby Of
New York City visited relatives in
town last week.
Mrs s. n. ingalls, is visiting rela-
tives In Boston.
Mrs. r. U. Wells and son, Harold,
of St. Johnsbury spent Sunday at F.
A. Cranes.
The band will give a concert in the
band stand this week. Friday evening.
Mrs. George Pickett. who has been
i'll for many weeks, went to the hos
pital at st. Johnsbury the first of the
week, where an operation was per-
formed
Rev and Mrs. c. A. Adams and
daughter. Miss Charlotte, with Mrs.
AudInS 0uAudN SCnOOA CLASS VI SO0h6
ladies, are spending the week in
camp at Joe's Pond.
Mrs. Lizzie Clark of st. Johnsbury
was a guest at Walter Hatch's over
Sunday
Mr.. Maxwell and Miss Reid Of Lon
don, Eng, and Mrs. j. Z. Rugg Of
Brookline. Mass, are among the lat
est arrivals at Thurber's hotel.
Miss Marion Hunt is recovering
from her operation which was per-
formed at the home of her parents,
Mr. and Mrs. E. w. Hunt, last week.
A trained nurse from st. Johnsbury
is caring for her.
Mrs. Samuel Rodgers and daugh-
ter, Hazel. are visiting relatives in
Lyndon.
Henry Mccormick of Manard.
Mass, visited relatives in town the
first of the week.
Mrs. Ella Hatch of St. Johnsbury
visited her daughter, Mrs. Seth
Woods. and family a part of last
week.
Harmony Music Club will meet at
the library on Friday afternoon, July
2Sth at o'clock. Subject, Lohen-
grin.
Mr.. and Mrs. L. G. Burnham of
Burlington are visiting at Frank
Suckers.
DR.. G. +. Libbey and family are in
camp at Joe's Pond for the week.
Mrs. Mary Sias is visiting at
Greensboro.
Mrs. Wesley Morse and Mrs. A. G.
Mclean are visiting friends and rela-
tives in Maine.
Mrs. Sylver of Hardwick is visit
ing her sister, Mrs. w. H. Cass, and
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-07-26

family.
Mrs. Peter Wesson, who has been
very i'll for many weeks, passed away
at her home Monday afternoon.
William French. who has had sew
eral operations on his foot during
the past months, had his entire foot
amputated last Wednesday, and is re-
covering nicely from the operation.
Mrs. j. z. Tinker and brother, S.
n. ingalls, are spending the week at
the Tinker's cottage at Joe's Pond.
Brian Brown and two children,
Marion and Brokton, and chauffeur,
of Brooklyn, n. Y, and Miss Brown
of Buffalo. N. Y, are at their sum-
mer residence.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-07-26

The funeral of Mrs. Martha Seavel
was held at her late home on Elm
street, Tuesday afternoon. Inter
ment was in the Welcome o. Brown
cemetery here.
c. R. Powell of Island Pond, states
attorney for Essex county, was a
business visitor in town Tuesday.
George Robinson has purchased
from Harley Chappell his REQ car and
Mr.. Chappe1 has bought a new Over
land six.
F. B. Tower was in st. Johnsbury
Wednesday on business for the Fland-
ers & Mossman company
The Barton band gave their fourth
concert at Lyndonville Tuesday eve
ming. Our, band is furnishing a series
of eight concerts at Lyndonville this
season.
Henry Winship of Bradford was a
business visitor here and at Glover
Tuesday and Wednesday.
+ Mrs. Gray and children of Mon
treal, who have been at Hotel Barton
for several seasons, are again regis
tered there for several weeks.
The list of entries for the fair races
is out and shows an attractive num-
Der of events and some good horses
entered.
Dean Mcclellan and party who have
been spending two weeks at the Nc
Clellan cottage at Willoughby lake,
have broken camp and returned
home.
Ted Lee was slightly injured
when he fell from the hay loft into
the bay at the Lee farm Thursday
and connected with a nail which made
an ugly flesh wound in his chest.
Eugene Hobson of Newport was a
guest in town Thursday evening.
Mildred Blood, the little daughter
of C. H. Blood, who has been with
her aunt at North Hartland, has re-
turned and is with her father and sis
ter at the Crystal Lake house.
Miss Bernice Hamblet is taking two
weeks vacation from her work at the
bank, this week has been spent at
home and next week she will visit
relatives and friends at East Berk-
shire.
Miss Mildred Ordway of Orleans is
acting as stenographer in G. w. Cut
ting's insurance offices, while Miss
May and Miss Page are taking two
weeks vacation.
Andrew Walcott left Friday for
a two weeks visit with his uncle and
old friends at Ogdensburg, N. Y.
Capt. r. B. Gibbs and wife of Prov
idence, r. L, were guests of Mr.. and
Mrs. George Goodro the first of the
week.
DR.. Buck of Glover was in town
on business Thursday.
Mrs. George Goodro has been CALI
ed to Orleans on account of the ill
ness of her mother.
A. D. Beede of Orleans was in
town Thursday in the interests of the
coming Chautauqua at Orleans.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1916-07-26
North Church Picnic.

Thursday was an ideal day for a
picnic and about 125 members of the
North church and Sunday school thor
oughly enjoyed their annual outing in
Mr.. Cary's grove where cool winds
tempered the heat and where there
was something doing every minute.
The field sports were run off both be-
fore and after the dinner and many
boys and girls received prizes for their
skill in the various events. There was
ice cream and lemonade in abundance
at the dinner and after the feast an
exciting ball game was played, the
score being II to 10, with many close
decisions by the umpire. Everybody
was transported to the picnic grounds
in automobiles, kindly furnished for
the occasion by some Of the church
people.