Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1916-02-14

has been much confused with other
closely related species. In America il
seems to have made it's first appearance
in destructive and noticeable numbers
in 1899. although il Is known TO have
been present here for At least two de
cades previous, aud each year since
1899 this nphis has been recorded as
Injurious in one or more localities in
the United states.
Records OF injuries By this insect
have been reported by various author
tiles in different parts OF this country,
showing that for II eood many years
the pea aphia has been present in
serious numbers. DR.. j. W. Folsom
reports injury TO red clover in the
following words: "in 1902 tho louise
killed an immense amount of red clover
and weakened much more in Dekalb
County, i'll fouad on one farm
eighty acres Of dead clover roots in
one field. Not one root In "a thousand
showed any sisns OF life. and on the
ground We're thousands Of cast skins
OF the aphid. AT cutting time the lice
had been such a nuisance that the men
objected 10 handling the crop. After
cutting. the clover never revived. In
u"!ghbor!nr iic!ds there were many
bare spots where the aphid had killed
the clover locally, ard in the growing
clover were many centcrS OF new in
fcstation. due doubtless to migrant
winged females. All OF the clover IN
that part OF the country was more or
less injured; not only old clover. but
also the frst-year growth. Returning
70 the same region the following
summer 10 see the consequences OF the
injury, did not stay long. for it waa
hard 70 find a field of clover anywhere
| The farmers reported that the clover
had been winter ki led TO their sur
81 .
a sever" one ana the clover had often
survived worse win. arg"
II. Morrison. discussing the abund.
"n'" OF this insect in Indiana. in 1910
, says. 1T was so common in many fields
tH"t W" clover rc'na! lie on the ground
'of more than week after cutting
"l'H"Nt showing signs OF curing The
er stems were % Ilastered with
Hoi"yd"w that the moisture could no,
& 90 'n"ra;" from them
We have seen clover fields so badly
'h'rHtcn That the plants would b.. GOV.
cred win III" so-called "honevdcw"
stchE. swedish fluid elected by the
n,pn'S, walking through such an in
'cst"u held ones trousers would an
pear green, so thickly would thew he
covered by IN" plant iicc. and ruined
by the honeydew which covered the
plants While IL is seldom that fields
ere Killed outright as described by Dir.
.
me hcaES InfrstaiiOns which are so
common, haN" IS drcid.d Weakening
enH'' on INC plant. ard much OF the
winter killing of clnv"r can he traced
| nack TO IN" d"prcda;ions OF the pea
aphis. Most probably mncn damage
TO clover has been overlooked or at
tr!buted TO ot,icr causes. for while n
crop may b" injured Oh large field
crops. such as clover tho injury will
be overlooked unless the field is almost
Killed outright. and subsequent effects
such as the Weakening OF the vitality
OF the plants. is too often attributed
10 winter killing" - d.! Folsom has
pointed out Especially may this insect
be r"rI dangerous clover pest if
Ia" weather conditions are favorable
TO the aphis and Il long dry spell re-
I tards the growth OF the clover
The aphis prefer the young tender
leaves and stems Of its host hut
/ eventually il covers the entire plant
Garden and swtctpcaS. being succu.
lent plants. are seriously attacked. and
readily succumb 30 the dcprcdationa
OF the insects. Clever. particularly