New-York tribune., 1916-06-19
$50 of Them OfhCers-With
Army, Navy and Coast
Defence.
LOANED TO SULTAN:
STILL KAISER'S MEN
All Important Commands in
Charge of Teutons-Roads
Also in Their Care.

correspondence or The Associated fresS)
Constantinople. June l. For the
hrst time since the war began. the
full facts are now made known rs to
the number and nature Of service of
the German officers and men in the
Ottoman army. At present 500 officers
and 1867 on-commissioned officers
and men Of. German origin are serving
with the Turkish army, navy and
coast defence system.
Nearly all the German officers and
men in the Ottoman army reached
Turkey early in 1915, by way Of Ru-
mania and Bulgaria, while the Ger
man members of the Ottoman navy
come largely from the German battle
cruiser Goeben and the small cruiser
Breslau and from German merchant
vessels interned at Constantinople
when the war broke out. Some Of
them came to Turkey over the Balkan
route in 1915 and others in the pres
ent year.
All of them have been loaned TO
the Turkish government; that is to
say, while they actually enter the
military service of the Sultan, they
never lose their German citizenship
or divest themselves Of the obligation
TO serve in the German army.
The nucleus of the German person
mel Of the Ottoman army was the Ger
man military mission under Liman Won
Sanders Pacha, which went to Turkey
after the Balkan war, 1912, and sue
ceeded the mission headed by the late
Field Marshal Won der Goltz Pacha
The mission was increased first in De-
cember, 1914, when Turkey entered
the European war. Since then it has
grown to the proportions given above.
Advanced One Rank.
The German officers and men serving
in the Ottoman national defence
scheme get part of their pay from the
German government, the amount diff
fering greatly. Subsistence. however,
clothing excluded is provided wholly
by the Ottoman military and naval ad-
ministrations. II is rule that Ger
man officers and commissioned
men are advanced one rank when they
enter the Ottoman service, their title
being then, for instance, Captain OF
the Imperial German Army and Major
in the Ottoman Service Schneider
Mertens Pacha, for instance, Is admi-
raj Of the Imperial German navy and
General Of the Ottoman coast defences.
There are in Turkey at this time
the officers and men Of several Austro-
Hungarian heavy batteries. These,
however. do not form an intrinsic part
of the Ottoman army in the sense the
Germans do. In that case the or
ganiZatiOn has been loaned for spe-
cifc time and purpose.
Until the Allies landed on Galllpoh
the duties Of the German military mis-
sion consisted entirely OF reOrganiza-
tion. Up to that time its members had
been occupied putting the Ottoman
army on a new basis in tactical and
administrative matters. When the cam
paign on Gallipoli commenced the Turk
ish government was obliged 20 put the
head of the mission, Field Marshal Ii
man Won Sanders Pacha, in command Of
the Gallipoli army.
Number Always Small.
The number of Germans with the
Gallipoli forces was small al any time.
Beside Sanders Pacha, there were on
the peninsula for time General Weber
Pacha, commander of the south, or Sedd-
el -Bahr. group, who succeeded Colonel
Won Sodenstern; Colonel Kannengieser,
commander Of an Anafarta sector
Lieutenant Colonel Wilmere Bey, COM
mander of the 11th Division, then sta
toned north of Suvla Bay; Major
Muhlmann, on Weber's staff; Major
+. R. Prigge. who acted as Liman Won
Sanderss chief of staff; two German
artillery captains, one captain OF engi-
neers, six first heutenants one of them
being Won Rabenau, only German officer
taken by the British; five second lieu
tenants, four supply officers Of the Ger
man reserve, seven army surgeons, two
officers of the field intelligence and
communication service and two avi-
ators. To these must be added a Ger
man captain Of cavalry. Rittmeister
Won Westerhagen, who has been in the
banking business in Wall Street.
with the Anatoian army about the
same number Of German officers served.
Weber Pacha, who has already been
named was the highest officer Of Ger
man origin. There were three colonies
Of artillery, Binhold, Schierholtz and
Efnert. besides fourteen field officers.
most Of them attached to the artillery