davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-02-18
COUNTRY'S Debt
TO WASHINGTON
Probably the Only Man Who
Could Have Won Liberty
for the People.
Difficulties Which He Had to Encoun.
ter Were Almost Insurmountable
Lack of Proper Training
Hampered ContinentaIs In
All Their Battles.
. GORGE WASHINGTON, tn

~ GORGE WASHINGTON, the
commander of the American
~ armies knew better than any
one else the offensive and de-
fensive value of the forces under him;
and he has left vivid written record
of the relative value of unframed
short-term men and of disciplined
long-term body made of individuals of
the same class. He plainly expressed
his opinion, fully confirmed by military
men since his time, of the army need
ed by this country when, soon after
the disaster at Camden, he wrote to
congress: What we need is a good
army, not large one."
Probably no war was ever carried
on where the one side was represent
ed in the field by so great proportion
of unorganized troops, not under a
central national control, and no great
commander, before or since, has ever
succeeded with so rapidly shifting
body of badly equipped men.
Bunker Hill Analysed.
At the battle of Bunker HILL an
army of unframed American minute
men and militia, under the command,
however, of veteran officers like Pres
colt, Stark Putnam and Knowlton If
the higher rank, and among the lower
officers a sprinkling of men expert
enced in the French and English wars,
from behind intrenchments hastily
erected, but of value against low-pow
er armament, successfully resisted
two attacks of well-organized and
disciplined British veterans, with a
loss to the latter of 1854 killed and
wounded. But these same troops, by
virtue not of superior individual cour.
age, but of their combined valor and
discipline, were rallied by their we'll
trained officers, made third charge,
and, although outnumbered, succeeded
in driving the Americans, at the point
Of the bayonet, from their trenches,
their supply of powder being exhaust
ed and their muskets not having bay.
onets.
The American force was justly
proud of its resistance and of the
heavy punishment it had inflicted, but
the result was, in spite of it's good
fight, a defeat to it's arms-perhaps
only through failure in the quarter
masters department. The British,
however, carried the hill on account
of the better discipline of their line,
the better control of their officers, and
because their supply of ammunition
was not exhausted. And they there
by prevented the success of the CO.
lonial military plan.
Continental Weakness.
This story in various ways was
many times repeated in the war of
the revolution. always with the same
result. In spite of the brilliant gen.
eralship Of Washington, Greene,
Schuyler, Lee and others, the Ameri-
cans did not win single victory over
the British regular troops when the
latter were not outnumbered.
A brief examination of the powers
of the Continental Congress will show
what were the chief causes of this
weakness in our armies that led so
near to the collapse of our national
defense and caused the intense anxiety
and distress to Washington and the
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-02-18

| seeing, as was proved eventually, that
victory for the colonies could be won
only by the long-term organized and
disciplined continentals, composing "a
small but good army"
SquabbIc Over Officers.
Congress in the winter of IT'S, rec
ognizing the necessity of raising troops
to take the place of those whose terms
expired, resolved to provide twenty
six regiments, with power to Wash
ington to select the officers, which re-
suited in many perplexities for him
and his general officers, for, as Wash
lngton wrote, Connecticut wanted no
Massachusetts man in her corps. Mas
sachusetts could see no necessity for
having Rhode Island man In hers
and New Hampshire says it is very
hard that her experienced officers
should be discarded because her own
regiments cannot provide for them"
November IL he wrote: Many of
the officers expected promotion, others
stood aloof to see what advantage they
could make for themselves. The diff.
Guilty with the soldiers was greater,
If possible, than with the officers.
They refused to enlist unless they
knew their colonel, lieutenant colonel,
major and captain"
Put Washington in Dilemma.
Up to November 10 only 966 men
had enlisted. By November % they
had reached $500, and they all wanted
furlough. Washington wrote: Our
situation is truly alarming, and of this
General Howe is well appraised, it be-
ing the common topic Of conversation
when the people left Boston last Fri
day. In private letter of the same
time he wrote Such dearth Of pub
lie spirit, such stock jobbing and fer
tility in all the low arts to obtain adj
vantages in this great change of mill
tary arrangement, pray Gods mercy
| may never see again. What will be
the end of these maneuvers is beyond
my scan. | tremble at the prospect
We have been until this time enlist
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-02-18

ing about thirty five hundred men.
After the last of this month our
lines will be so weakened that the
minutemen and militia must be called
in for our defense, and these, being
under no kind of government, will de-
been laboring to establish and run me
into one evil while | am endeavoring
to avoid another. But the less must
be chosen"
After five years of experience in
command of the armies, Washington
thus expressed himself in letter to
the president of the congress, dated
August 20, 1880:
Had we formed permanent army
in the beginning, which, by the con-
tinuance of the same men in service,
had been capable of discipline, we
never should have had to retreat with
handful of men across the Delaware
in 1875, trembling for the fate of Amer
lea, which nothing but the infatuation
of the enemy could have saved; we
should not have remained all the sue
cee6ing winter at their mercy, with
sometimes scarcely sufficient body
of men to mount the ordinary guard.
We should not have been at Valley
Forge, destitute Of everything, in a
situation neither to resist nor to re-
tire. We should not have seen the
! hIJrnod
the inhabitants plundered, abused,
murdered, with impunity.
Army Expenses Doubled.
"The arrangement Of our finances is
essentially to be ascribed to it. The
expenses of the war and the emissions
of paper money have been greatly
multiplied by it. We have great part
of the time had two sets of men to
| feed and to pay-the discharged men
going home and the levies coming in.
"Our discipline has been much hurt
if not ruined, by such constant
changes. There is every reason to
believe that the war has been pro
tracted CT this account
| A little later Washington wrote re
garding that defeat of General Gates
at Camden: Regular troops alone are
equal to the exigencies of modern war
fare, as we'll for defense as offense
and wherever a substitute is attempt
ed it must prove illusory and ruinous
I'm my ideas of the true system oil
war, the object ought to be to have 8
good army rather than a large one.
During the entire war the lack Of
money entailed greatest suffering upor
the army, but the men of the continen
tai army, with the exception OF one
or two regiments, were true to the
end through hunger, cold, sickness
poverty at home, nakedness and de
feat. For this fidelity there were three
patriotism, training an(
George Washington.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-02-18
First Presidential Mansion, New York

ample of economy to the women of
the revolution" in her attire and mode
of living.
After independence had been won,
she bore herself with great personal
dignity as befitted her station as the
wife of the first citizen.
Washington was approaching his
sixty eighth year when he died. Mrs.
Washington accepted the separation
calmly, only observing that she would
soon join him. She survived him two
years and half.
That she could have at all times a
view of his grave on the lawn, she
moved to an attic room that over
looked the spot, which she occupied
until her own death. For the easier
coming and going of favorite cat a
hole was cut near the bottom of the
door of this apartment.
Before she died Mrs. Washington
destroyed her entire correspondence
with General Washington, for she
would not permit that the confidence
they had shared together should be
made public
The marriage OF George Washington
and Martha Custis was an example of
the ideal love match, and was followed
by forty years of genuine happiness.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-02-18

band of patriots about him in the army
and in congress,
The congress presented as able and
devoted men as were ever gathered in
single body, but they were not
trained in the systematic methods Of
great deliberative bodies; and above
all represented one Of the very weak.
est forms of governmental power-a
mere confederacy or league Of several
states or colonies and without real
governmental functions.
Although it assumed both executive
and legislative powers, it had no au-
thority to raise revenue and could only
emit bills of credit. their redemption
being pledged by the twelve United
Colonies" 1t is not singular that the
states refused to surrender to this
loosely connected congress the control
of the militia, with officers of state
selection, gathered by sacrifice, for the
protection of its own state, not fore
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-02-18

life were aristocratic should be re-
garded as the father of American de-
mocracy.
And to the present-day point of view
it is all the more strange when We re-
call the reproach made against Wash
ington that 1.-The great Virginian held
slaves"
But Washington, to be judged fair
ly, like everyone else, must be consid-
cred with reference to his time and
surrounding conditions,
Washington deserves little credit for
not yielding to the temptations to as
sert his aristocratic lineage by becom-
ing a tory. He was directly affected
by the unfair attitude of the mother
country in imposing taxation without
representation What he did was a
natural outcome Of what he was
Where he did merit the highest honor
| was in his rising so magnificently to
his responsibilities and opportunities
A man selfish and arrogant might have
eXacted more for himself, might have
striven to establish himself as a per
mancnt power over the nation he had
helped to create. But there is no evi
dence that Washington ever felt such
temptation. Aristocrat as he was
and STAKEHOLDER, he was all the more
extraordinary in being able to turn
| from the prejudices of his training to
a realization of the democratic ideal.
| Perhaps we can reach little clear
er understanding of what Washington
was and of what he did by placing
him in our own time. 1t was as If, at
the present time, man of distin-
| guished position and Of wealth, were
to become a leader in the labor move
ment. For, from the point of view of
England the colonials were humble
folk, mainly tillers of the field, work.
! ers in small enterprises. To their
cause Washington gave dignity, as
we'll as marvellous personal courage,
With his tattered, half-fed, poorly
trained troops he defeated the pro.
fessional soldiers of England and the
Hessian mercenaries. He had, OF
course, the superlative advantage of
being sustained by the power of a sub.
lime moral idea, all the more effective
because 1t was opposed by the weak.
ness that goes with self-conscious and
contemptuous superiority
Really Deserves More Credit.
Washington has not been accorded
by the world the credit he deserves
racy as a working force in a nation
We are likely to forget that democ
racy, while he fought for it, was not
accepted by the world as practicable
To a few 1t was beautiful theory. an
ideal. To the many it was impracti
cable, a denial of what they regarded
as the natural unfitness of human be
ings in large masses to govern them
selves. From France, mainly through
Rousseau, had come the great demo
cratic theory. But France had yet tt
seek its establishment in the blood Of
the French revolution.
Our next Washington is not likely
to be soldier-statesman He will mo-
lead in a war between nations or be
tween foes identified with any geo
graphical limits. He will give dignity
! and conference and organization to {
cause now in need of powerful cham
, pion. He will strive, not against taxa
, ton without representation, bu
: against production without fair com
pensation.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-02-18
HAS SUFFERED
FROM TRADITION
Modern Writer Gives us New Yer
sion of the Character of
Washington.
Great Soldier as He Is Universally
Acknowledged, He Was Also
Seer-DeathIess Champion
of the Rights of HUI
mainly.

RE ORE than any other American
hn statesman, more than any
other American, Washington
has suffered from tradition,
writes John D. Barry in the Washing
ton Times.
In fact, l can't think of any other
great man in the history Of the world
who has been damaged in just the
same way, through being made to ap-
pear so good.
The reason is that he has been pre-
eminently the children's hero.
He is a distinguished victim of the
deceit we practice on children in the
name Of education.
Only the very good boys and girls
care for the story of Washington and
the cherry tree.
The others, the majority, are bored,
or amused, or puzzled.
And then there is the saying, dinned
into the ears of American childhood,
Washington never told lie"
1t alone alienates vast numbers OF
children from Washington. In their
little hearts it finds no answering
echo no enthusiastic desire for emula
ton.
For truth telling, much as we love
1t in children, and much as we labor
to graft it on those highly imaginative
minds, is often virtue that develops
only with years, related to intelli
gence and to mature character.
1t derives its beauty largely from
association with other qualities more
sympathetic.
Do Real Damage to Truth.
Self-assertive truth-tellers Otter
seem rigid in character. They d.
great damage to truth by making i
seem, not beautiful, as 1t should be
but hideous.
Even in minds of maturity, to thu
reputation of Washington there still
clings suggestion of the comic.
Thackeray did not help the situation
when he introduced the youthful
Washington into "The Virginians" a
highly self-conscious and priggisl
colonial.
There is a fine chance for a new
historian of Washington, one who will
bring out the real man.
owen Wister made start som
years ago, when he published littl
book, emphasizing Washington's NOR
human qualities. But the book wa
too slight to be comprehensive. MI
Wister may yet write the complet
history needed by the world of today
For today. Of all times. the worl
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-02-18

Where may the wearied eye repose
When gazing on the Great;
Where neither guilty glory glows.
Nor despicable statea
IL c. Il l.. IL L
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-02-18

The Cincinnatus of the West,
Whom envy dared not hate,
Bequeath the name of Washington,
To make men blush there was but oneI
Lord Byron.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-02-18
ideal Love MATCH
Forty Years of Happiness Fol-
lowed Union of Washington
and Martha Gusts.

~ NE hundred and fourteen
years ago-May %, 1902
Martha Washington, wife of
George Washington, died at
Mount Vernon, at the age Of seventy
years.
Martha Gusts met Colonel Washing
ton about year after the death of
her husband, Daniel Parke GUSTS, a
wealthy planter. She was then near
ing her twenty-sixth year, and Wash
ington was about three months her
senior. She was the daughter of Col.
John cambridge and had been we'll
trained in the accomplishments of
young women of her social station.
The engagement lasted for nearly a
year, Washington being absent for a
long time on a military campaign.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-02-18

n n ORE than any other American
M statesman, more than any
Vv other American, Washington
n hoe eufforad from tradition
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-02-18
SOUGHT Brotherhood Of Man.

My first wish is to see the whole
world at peace, and the inhabitants
OF 1t as one band of brothers, striving
which should most contribute to the
happiness of mankind.-George Wash
ington.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-02-18
Stick to Your Friends.

If you have friend, stick to him
and always try to do him good only,
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1916-03-03
Notice Of Municipal Coupon Bond Issue
and Sale by the City Of Mont
pglier, Idaho.

Public notice is hereby given that the city of
Montpelier In the county Of Bear Lake and
state OF Idaho, intends TO issue aud negotiate
the municipal coupon bonds Of said city In the
amount of TWENTY-FIVE thousand dollars, 5000,
TO provide funds for the erection, construction
and furnishing of q public building tOswit a
City Hall within and for said city Tor the use OF
IS Said bonds viii. be issued in conformity with
the provisions OF Ordinance No, 1853 OF said city,
adopted and approved on the 4th day OF FebFu-
the qualified electors OF said city, voting upon
the question at an election TO be held IN con.
formity with said ordinance. III the issue Of
said bonds be approved by the electors as afore.
said, said bonds will bear date March 1, 1916,
will be redeemable at the option of the city any
time after ten, 10, years from the date thereof
and will be absolutely due and payable seriAlly
| 0ne-tenth on March LIST in each Of the years
1927 to 1885, both inclusive. They will consist oil
hfty, So bonds In the denomination of 1--we hun.
dred dollars, $500, each, and will bear interest III
| the rate OF i've and one half 5h, per centum
| per anDum, payable semi.annually on the first
days of March and September In each year.
The city council of said city OF Montpelier in
vtes bidders for said bonds, and all bids shal
| be sent 10 the city clerk at Montpelier, Idaho.
No conditional bids for said bonds will bt
considered, and bidders must first satisfy SAID
city OF their ability to take up and pay for sale
| bonds before their bids will be considered.
All bids are TO be accompanied by an uncon
ditional certified check for 1--WE THOUSAND dol
| case said bidders refuse to comply with the
| terms OF this advertisement.
City Council of Montpelier, Idaho
| ByR.N SNEDDON, Mayor
Attest: THos. BARRETT, City Clerk.
| First publication Feby, 18th, 1916.
| Last publication March 9Th, 1916
This resolution adopted and approved this All
= R. N. sNEDDoN,
THos. BARRETT, City Clerk.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1916-03-03
Public Notice Of Special Municipal COu-
pom Bond Election.

Pursuant 10 the laws OF the state OF Idaho and
Ordinance No 1853 of the city of Montpelier, in
that special election will be held in the city
Of Montpelier within the respective wards OF
the city, Ut the voting places hereinafter desig
mated, on Tuesday the 18th day Of March. A. d .
and closing at the hour OF seven O'Clock p. m.
OF said day, for the purpose of taking the vote
OF the qualified electors who are taxpayers of
said city upon the following question, to-wit;
Question:
shall the city OF Montpelier, in the state
OF Idaho issue its municipal coupon bonds
in the aggregate amount o twenty-five
thousand dollars, 1000, TO bear date March
1, A. d. 1916, to provide for the erection,
construction and furnishing Of a public
building, po-wit: q City Hall within and for
said city for the use OF the city2
Said election shall be held In said city and
respective wards of said city ct the following
designated voting places to-wit;
First Wart-Old City Hall.
second Ward-Davis Plumbing Shop.
Third Ward Fire Station.
All persons who at the time Of said election
are qualified electors Of the said city OF Mont
peIier and who are taxpayers thereof, and n
Others shall be qualified 70 vote at said electo
on said question The voting at said eleetio
shall be by ballot and the ballots shall be SUI
piled to the voters for their at said election
and shall be OF the form set forth in said ordi
nance No. lb8.
| The city clerk shall register electors for sal
| election ut any time during once hours, in tn
same manner as provided BY law for registr'
| tion for state and county elections, but 1t sha
not be necessary for any voter to register III OF
| der TO vote at said election, II such elector
registered and II he voted at the last election
Il city onicials and has continued 20 live in II
same city, ward. Or precinct
Dated ut Montpelier, Idaho, this 4th day
- THOMAS BARRETT,
City Seal City Clerk.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1916-03-03
Notice of Petition for Discharge

In the District court Of the United
States for the Eastern district of Idaho.
In the matter Of Otto Butcher, volun-
tary bankrupt.
Notice is hereby given that Otto
Butcher has filed his petition for dis
charge in bankruptcy and that Q hear
ing thereon will be held at the Office of
Attorney T. L. Glenn, Montpelier, Ida
no, in said district, ON the 3rd day of
April, 1916. at 10 o'clock In the fore
noon, at which time and place all
known credito and other persons
in interest," may attend and show cause,
II any they have, Why the prayer of the
said petitioner should not be granted.
Given under the authority of the
general orders Of said court and BY q
special order If the undersigned this
18th day of Feb ruary, 1915.
CT ARIES Il. FRENCH.
r sferes in Bankruptcy.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1916-03-03

In the matter Of setting aside. as pro-
vided by law, certain sum to be used
under the direction Of the county pro-
scouting attorney and the sheriff, sub
Ject TO the approval of the district
judge, to aid in the enforcement of our
criminal statutes; IL appearing that
sufficient cause exists to warrant such
action BY this Board, it Is therefore, or
dered that the sum 0f $1,000 be- and the
came il hereby set aside cut Of the
moneys in the Current Expense Fund
mot otherwise 30 he used as provided in
Chapter l4l, Secflon One. 1911 Session
Laws; THAI any lart OF said sum re-
manning on Dec. a., 1915, shall revert
back TO said Current Expense Fund.
The beard bad under consideration
pstitions OF vari0us Individuals for re-
mittancs Of interest," on delinquent tax
% eOg yeaEs prior NO 1913. aud no con-
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1916-03-03
Notice Of Sale Of Real Estate

Notice is hereby given that in pur-
suance of an order of the probate court
in and for the county of Bear Lake,
and state of Idaho, made on 23rd day
of February, 1916, in the matter of the
estate of Alice j. Tppetts, deceased,
the undersigned administrators will
sell at private sale to the highest bid.
der for cash, and subject to confirm.
aUion by said probate court, on the 10Th
day Of March 1915, at | O'Clock at the
Office of 7. L. Glenn in the city oil
Montpelier, in the county of Bear Lake
and state of Idaho, all the right, title,
interest, and estare of the said Alice j
Tppetts, at the time of her death and
all right, title and interest, that the
said estate has by operation of law or
otherwise acquired other than or in adj
dition to that of the said Alice ]. Tip
petts, Of the time of her death in and
to all the certain lots pieces or parcels
OF land situate lying and being in the
said county of Bear Lake and state OF
Idaho, and described as set forth in the
order to show cause heretofore publish
ed in the Montpelier Examiner at Mont
pelier, Idaho.
All persons desiring to bid on said
property will file bids with T. Z. Glenn,
attorney for administrators, on or be-
fore said date of sale.
Right Is reserved to reject any and
sill bids.
Said sale will be for cash in hand, to
be paid by the purchaser on said date
of sale.
On confirmation of said sale by the
probate court deed to said property
will be made to the purchaser.
Dated this 3rd day of March, 1916
Harrison Tippetts and Hans Sorensen
Administrators Of the estate Of Alice
j. Tippetts. 80 3t