davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-28
CARRANZA WILL PAY.
ALL MEXICAN NOTES
Is Providing S50,0OO.O 900
Metallic Guarantee TO Re-
deem the Securities.
DEBT or HONOR. TIE SAYS
Spsc,ai Cabie Dsspdtch to THE St>

Spec,ai cabie Dsspatch to THE StN
MENico CITY. Feb. 27.-Gen. Cara iza
at GuadalaJara has notified Sub-Secre-
tary Of Finance Nicto here tina, all notes
issued by the Constitutionalist Govern
mcnt must be recognized and redeemed
at their face value when presented. The
notes will later be taken up.
Carranza in his message declared that
the notes constitute loans to the admin
is,ration by the people In the darkest
hour OF the Consttutionalist cause and
that he will recognize the great debt.
Carranza added that he will limit the
amount Of notes In circulation to about
| 500. 600. 900 pesos. which is practically
the amount now out, and that he viii
gradually bring up the value OF Inc
notes to par by increasing the metallic
guarantees.
He says he will raise by domestic a
s13. ooO. 900 by m~ortgaginv unused Gov
rnmen properties. To this he Will add
gold paid IN mining and customs taxes.
also 5000, 900 already deposited with
| the adninistr ration by Nucatan heneruir
growers and another 81. 500. 900 deposit
of the owe which the administration
has guaranteed to certain transactions
also gold and silver bars IN the national
treasury. all this forming a nucleus for
the metallic guarantee.
The local authorities say that tho
administration Is forming a commission
to arhitrat. strikes, the board CONSIDER
ing the rights If capital as wen ~
labor.
Three thousand artists and Others cn-
ployed by local theatres asked Gonzales
to-day for permission to strike against
the arrangements.
War officials say that Iapatistas. In
recent fighting south of Mexico city. com
hitting uumbcrlcss atrocities upon con-
stitu,ionalist prisoners. dragging them
through the brush behind horses. goug-
ing out their eyes, tying them up. then
riddling them with bullets. gloa,ins in
such target practice.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-28
CHILD LABOR EXTENSIVE"
Report mrnts on I'm
du.triaI IOnditious

wAsutSGroS. Feb. .T.-Tho bureau NJ
labor has issued a summary Of it's re-
port on the condition Of woman and
hid wage ,arnrrs in 1872.
"The most striking feature OF this
great labor force was the extreme youth
frlu.ss Of those employed the sum
mary say. 'lu three Of the industry
groups, the Suu'hcrn cotton group, the
glass industry aud tie Pennsylvania sill,
group. more han iwo.'hirls "f the To-
mae .mp.Dy,os were found to bc under
20 year of agr ON TIE other hand
tie proportion 80 years of 80" and over
was large enough to suggest the need
FOR vocational r.. r'ug for = rls.
"rh- report rt2t's rHot the employ
mcut of children was boii. extensive and
sor.ous."
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-28
TRAIL HITTERS INVESTIGATED
Catholics NJ BiIIy sundays Revival
Were Mostly Children.

TRENTON, N. j., Feb, 27.-MSr. John
Fox. rector of st. Mary's Cathedral. and
the Rev. Joseph Yunger, pastor OF st.
Francis's Church. declared from their
pulpits this morning that their investi-
cations of the Catholics who hit the
trail' at Billy Sundays revival revealed
that II was mostly children who trod the
sawdust path n signed the pledge cards
for fun, Their examination was made
from a list Of trail hitters obtained from
the Ministerial Association,
Mgr. Fox cited as "a instance a visit
to the evangelist's tent by children from
one of the p%arochial schools, ffty-five OF
whom "hit the trair' without n serious
thought about their act. Father Yunger
also took to task the Catholics who went
10 BILLY Sundays meetings out Of Gu
riosity.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-28
BOY OF II SCORNS $25 A WEEK.
Runs Away when $50 Pay az du
POnt Plant IL cut.

A sevcn'een-year-old boz. DISCONTINUED
nc'ause he could earn only - a week
as - checker at the du Tont powder
plant AT HopeUeil. Va. tho war boom
town. ran away and came to New York
hut was me; at the per yesterday by "A
detective with a telegram from tn. Hope
well r'.''e. ASKING that he he held as a
runaway hoy.
I'm not a hoy, I'm a man said
William ". Wooding. the runaway. I'm
I'll Il while 4 ! was making so 4.
we"h. working sixteen hours - d.y every
day n the N""h. Then they Gu, down
ON hours and | started after better
pay"
detective Martin sheridan viii stand
guard oyer the bog AZ tho B-ua.vav
Contra, Hotel uut,l his mother arrives
to-day from panv.llc. y.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-28
BRIDE "CoNFEsSES" MURDER.
Fort worth Police say the Staying
Of Warren II pluined.

tohr WORTH, TEX, Feb. 27.-Mrs.
katherine Y. Harrison, the f~fteen-year-
old rride of CHARLES Harrison. nephew OF
United states Senator Charles Culberson
Of ToNas. was released to-day with her
"u'ha1d after they had given $500 bail
each 10 answer charges OF murder filed
against hem last night.
The police said Mrs. Harrison con-
'cssc-i that during an automobile ride
she Shot and killed W. r. Warren, a hotel
proprietor. and claimed he had wronged
her before her marriage.
Warren's body was found riddled with
oull'ta AZ the side OF a country road
near here December %. 1915.
Mrs, i~Iarrison's reputed statement was
made tho basis for the arrest Of her
husband as well as herself. because he
Was alleged to have been in the automo-
bile a. the time Warren WAS killed.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-28

such cost plus a fair return on the in
testment would amount to. because the
investment involved w an important fac
tor in the consideration Of rates.
Taking for Illustration only trunk
line transportation, "A few typical cases
may he cited here. The trunk line tariff
rate from the Gushing pool in OKLA
IONA to Whiting. Ind. in the vicinity OF
Chicago, Is ~ cents per barrel of oil
the trunk line cost of transportation 'n-
GLIDING Depreciation was, as already
stated, about II cents. and this cost plus
6 per cent. interest on net investment
was about IA, cents 10 Griffith, Ind
eleven miles from Whiting). For one
of the lines to Port Arthur on the Gull
Of Mexico the trunk line tariff rate was
40 cents. the trunk line cost about 16
cents and cost plus 6 per cent. interest
20 cents.
pipe Lines Important.
"As already stated. the significance oil
these pipe line rates is hest appreciated
hy showing the rate Of return on III.
vestnent which would be obtained II
all the oil shipped 10y the interests ownins
the pipe line were charged the tarif
rates at which the pip. line offers I,
take the oil of other shippers.
Taking all these five pipe line Sys'
TENS together IN" net Investment aggrc'
gated si3.S57.O0o In 1913 the cost o.
transportation by pipe line. incIudlnt
d,preciatior investment. S1h,12l.""c
and the Z 'pts which would hay,
been obtained = the tariff rates hac
been charged OF IL the "il carried, S->,'
S37 900.
ION this basis m. net earnings woul'
| have been tiS..l3.o0o and tho rate ~
return on tho net investment Il.h pc
cent. The variation in net earnings fo'
IN. i've different systems would nav
boon considerable. ranging from ~ pc
cent. for the Magnolia system to dh"u
81 per cont. for the Prairie system run
ming northeast.
To get cheap Transportation by othc,
means. h.caus" the railroad tariNs arr
higher still Thus. from the cushinl
pool in oklahoma to Kansas city th'
railroad tsrif Is equal ~ aDout - cent!
per barrel. which u about . ,"nts sreate
than the pipe line rat. To whiting. Ind
the railroad tarif j. equal to- ~ cents
which l. 20 cents greater than the pip
line rate. Will. to New York and oths
north Atlantic Scaboard points the rsil
road tariff j. - 90, or 20 cents great.
than The pipe line tarins.
'iiouCc the small oil producer IN tn,
midcontincnt icld or IN. small r.iiu.
/ located at q considerable distance Their,
from cannot afford to ship inidcnntiu'N
oil by rail In competition with concern
which can ship their oil through ihei
own pine lines or through those con
trolled 10y the same interests.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-28
TWO HELD ON ARSON CHARGE.
President Of Hat Firm and His
Cousin Made Prisoners.

David Schuf. head Of the Deutsch-
schuf Hat Corporation at II Bond
street, who lives at 30 Union avenue.
Brooklyn. inc his cousin. Hyman
kooperman, a shipping clerk. who lives
az 30 Bristol street, Brooklyn. were held
IN 10000 bail each for the Grand Jury
IN Jefferson Market court before Magis-
rate Corrigan yesterday following q
snsp'c!ous fire late Saturday night.
Fire Marshal Brophy conducted an al
night examination of the men n their
arrest followed. The fire originated In
a pile Of straw In a loft OF the hat frm
Just before the fro detectives stopped
two boys carrying bundles Of hats. which
Inc boys said they were taking from the
Eond street address.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-28

With respect to the International stu
alton. the author in 1871" favored a
union bet wc,n Great britain and the
United States for the control Of the seas
and the maintenance OF peace through
out The world
With regard to domestic problems. the
author believes ina III. American CON.
Stitutiop. all state Constitutions. the
Judiciary. and the whole scheme of
congressional and state government
should be overthrowu and new ideas
adopted ~" submits plans for the en-.
iir" reorganization Of the governmental
system ~ this country.
The hero Of the novel. fhtllp Dru,
combines uuiuu military genius with an
equally unique taste for administerinI
civil affairs. R.hclliug against N"
wrongs inflicted upon III" common peo-
pie by ",hs interests Dru RESIGNS from
Ia. ariny in order to right them.
His opportunity much sooner
| than he expected through the revclation
nf the methods by which Senator Sell
w,n. th, Machia,clli 81 the Senate. and
John Thor. the master Of wall street.
! purchased a Presidential election for
their candidate, 'ipv. l;ochland or u
middle Western state
Thcs. revelations ~rr"cipita'cd a civil
, VAR. with capital on On" sid" ana ne
common pcop.c. led 10y Gen. bru. ON the
other. capital " course compelled th'
President To- order the army I" suppress
the rebellion. puu organized an armE
To oppose the Federal force. TN" hrNt
r,mraicu was for chicago. which was
won wtthou, a battle. The only battle
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-28
WAR NOVEL, ATTRIBUTED TO
COL. HOUSE, DEPICTS NEW u.s..
Hero Refuses to Become King After Overthrowing the
Government Established by the "Interests"--Popu
lar Rights Are Won and the People Rule.

was fought near Buffalo. where the
army Of the interests" was vanquished
Dru as Dictator.
Immediately after his Victory, Dru pro-
ceedcd to Washington. overthrow the cs-
tablisncd government. and started upon
a seven ycar dictatorship. He as
sumcd the title Of adininistrator instead
of dictator.
How Iru put INTO effect his ideas for
reorganizing the Government IL detailed
IN several chapters.
First. he created a council Of twelve
men to assist in the administration This
commission promptly revised the judi
ciary by cutting down the number of
courts In the country and taking away
from them the right to pass upon the
constitutionality Of questions. their
function being merely to decide between
~litigants what the law was
Dru's commission also barred heavy
drinkers and s~pendthrifts from positions
on the bench. In addition II codified Tho
laws OF the country. granted universal
suffrage. provided for a uniform divorce
law, put INTO effect "a single tax law, AL
inheritance tax law and "A graduated IN
come tax law, the last two Of which were
absolutely confiscatory OF great fortunes
Further, this commission planned q
Federal INCORPORATION law granting ADO
a representation in the councils OF cor
torations also II revised the railroad
Ia VS.. giving the Government a direct con
| troll over the operations NJ all common
carriers and absolute ownership OF othe'
public utilities. such as telephone ant
telegraph companies.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-28

After the intermissior Valentino
Crespi. the violinist, played De Curtis's
"Canzone' and Pablo Sarasate's Papa
teade.' Victor Maurel sang "Petronille."
"Nu Mazzo de Seizure and l. Guerre."
Luisa Villani sang "Bocca polorosa' and
Tos;i's 'Good-Byc." and then Mr.. Amato
and MIR. Caruso finished the programme,
the former with Rossini's Largo al
factotumr and the latter with "Agnus
Del" Mr.. Scognamilio accompanied Mr..
Caruso on the cello. l.. Saplo at the or
gan and :. Fucito at the piano.
The concert was held, as the pro-
grammc announced, under the patronage
Of tho Queen of Italy. The Italian Am
hassador n the Countess Dolores
Macchi di Cellere were present. The
Countess is chairman of the general
committee OF the society. Among 9th
trs 1t the concert or who contributed
20 the success Of the AFFAIR were the
Italian Cousul-General and Mime. Gia-
como Fara f'orni. Mr.. and Mrs. John
Hays Hammond. Mrs. John J. Mason.
I. l.. FinoCChiaro. MIR. and Mrs. John
Dunbar Adams. Mr.. and Mrs. Charles
T. Alexander. Mr.. and Mrs. Ira Barrows.
Miss Elsie de Wolfe. Mrs. Belmont Tiff
fany, Mrs. IL. +. Loomis, Mr.. and Mrs
Archer NJ. Huntington, Mr.. and Mrs.
Daniel Guggenheim. Mr.. and Mrs. Otto
II. Kahn, Mr.. and Mrs. Clarence Mott
Woolley, Mr.. and Mrs. Bourke Cochran.
Mr.. and Mrs. Gatti-Casazza. Mr.. and
Mrs. Charles Aston Bristed. Mr.. and
Mr.. samuel Valentine, Mr.. and Mrs. Fl.
j Nhighanl. the Duke and Duchess Tor
Iona. Mr.. and Mrs. Ralph Sanger. Mr..
aud Mr.. Amos finchot, Mr.. and Mrs.
Reeve Merritt. Mr, and Mrs. John Ma
go, Mr.. and Mrs. Edwin Gould. Mr.. and
Mr.. Ernesto f'abbri. Mr.. and Mrs. =.
d. NecChi, Mr.. and Mrs. Nswbold lie Roy
Edgar. Mr. and Mrs. PAT d. Cravath,
Nj. and Mrs. John Greenough, Mr.. and
Mr.. benjamin :. Guinness, Mr.. and
Mrs. Lewis Nixon. Mr.. and Mrs. Henry
IL Rogers, Mr.. and Mrs, Preston =.
Satterwhite. MIR. and Mrs. G.. !. Stralem.
MIR. and Mrs. j. Allen Townsend. Mrs.
A buer Irving, Miss Jane Lowndes. Mrs.
Il r.. Rogers and A.. Jean Paris.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-28

CHICAGO, Feb. 27.-The Tribune to-
morrow will print tho following despatch
from Washington:
Has Col. Edward Mandell House. the
mysterious and silent adviser Of Prcsi-
dent Wilson on affairs of state, been UNI
masked at last?
A few days ago one of tho highest
officials of the Government came into
possession Of "A copy of a novel entitled
philip Dru: Administrator together
with tho information that It's author was
none other than Col. House.
When the official finished reading the
novel he expressed the conviction that
"House wrote 1t beyond all doubt"
The work Of Dru. who became jicta-
tor of the United states. was so complete
at the end ~ his term that the grateful
nation sought to make him king. lie
thrust aside the crown. however. and
sa ilcd away to the South Seas with HIS
bride to watch from afar the progress
of his reconstructed world.
In one place the action OF the novel
which takes place between 1870 and
1927, Is staged at Mandcll House. "A cir
cumstancc regarded by many who have
read the work as u sufficient clue Il
the identity OF the author.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-28
CARUSO SINGS TO AID
WAR WORN IN ITALY
More Than $4,000 Raised at
Hotel BiltmOrc TO Help
Sufferers.
LOO HEARERS APPLAUD

rrrir, Taruso has raised his incorn-
parable voice many times for the love
~ his art plus a certain consideration
for tho Caruso bank account. but last
night at tho Hotel Biltfnore he made
golden melody that the men and women
and babies who are suffering in Italy
because Of the wal might have some
surceasc Of misery. some better degree
81 comfort.
lie sang unfamiliar songs with all Of
the Csruso fervor and sincerity and he
succoeded notably In voicing the senti-
mcnts Of love OF country and patriotic
devotion that the throng of
Italian horn men and women who went
to the Biltmore 10 contribute to the suc-
cess ~ the wal relief concert.
OF the very many entertainments that
have been held in this city to raise
funds for the war sufferers of one coun-
as or another the concert given last
n ght by the Italo-American Relief Com
mittce was probably the most success
I'll artisS&ally and financially. some
what more than 10000 clear of cX-
penses was accumulated for the cause.
Moreover, impetus was given to an ani.
bilious project.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-28

Tho pipe lines. therefore. present
transportation problems similar to the
railroads. Congress has imposed upon
the pipe line companies the obligations
of common carr crs and has wisely placed
them under the supervision Of the In
terstate Commerce Commission for the
rurpos. OF assuring that the charges
and facilities for transportation shall be
reasonable m that there shall be no
discrimination between shippers. This
law was passed In 1906. but It's validity
was q sputed and the question was not
settled until 1914, when the Supreme
Court In the pipe line cases (s3+ L. s.,
5isl unheld the law.
ZIP to 1915. however. there was very
little use made OF pipe lines as COMMON
carriers for various reasons. among
which are the high rates and the re-
ouirement OF excessively large minimum
shipments Of oil which the PIPE Inc COM
panies have established for such SER
vices.
The Interstate Commerce Commits
sion has not yet determined what rates
and requirements are reasonable be-
cause. as already noted. It Is at present
making an investigation Of the subject
of pipe line transportation in the East
ern fields.
'"The large fixed investment in pipe
lines. as shown by the books OF the
companies. corresponds closely with the
actual construction cost OF such prop
erty. The net investment ,aftcr deduct
ing depreciation) in the pipe line prop
erty Of the Ave large interstate sys-
TENS operating In the ~midcontineni
field was s43.s57. 900 in 1913. Although
the increase Ia investment has beer
| rapid. the extension OF lines and the
| increase In pipe line carrying capacities
have followed the development in crude
oil production.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-28

II IL now planned To hold n venetian
fete IN Madison Square Garden early IN
the spring-a fste Of canals. gondolas,
pay cafes ~ the WATERSHEDS. strolling
fingers. carnival jewellers. II this plan
materializes. as is the hope Of W.
f~rancklyn Paris, treasurer OF the com
mittee, at least S25, UV0 more will be
reali1ed for the relief FUN
SO far as the artistic excellence and
success Of last nights concert are con-
cerned. 1t need scarcely more than be
mentioned that Mr.. Caruso Was IN fine
voice and thst Pasquale Amato, Nalen-
Tina Crespi. Victor Maurel. I.uisa VII
lani. L. Scognamillo and Paolo Mar
iucci were on the programme. To hear
and applaud these artists 1.t0O persons
crowded the banquet room of the Bit
more.
The programme began at . NJ with
a trio. violin. violoncello and piano,
Valentino Crespi. Enrico Scognamlllo
and Romualdo Sapio rendering Francis
'rhome's "Andanto Religioso' and
Widor' "Serenade." Mir. Amato sang
III Giovine Guerrero" Tulsa Nllani
sang the ario from Iris" ITO fatto IN
triste sogno. Mr.. Nartucci played two
numbers on the piano, Borodin's Moe
'urne in @ fiat and Giuseppe Martucci's
'~"Tarantello in @ minor"
Then the audience waited for the great
event Of the evening, The appearance
Of Mr.. Caruso. lie came upon the stage
~Jaunt,ly, bowed before d storm OF APP
plause and then sang three songs. Tosti's
"Carmcla.'' I'll Canto del B~crsagliere.'
hy GlorGio Bolza. an Italian soldier who
has seen hard lighting against the Aus
lrians. and al Nostri Soldati." IA pa
iriotir song by +. G;olisciani. The Song
~ the Bersaglierc' and L Our
Soldiers had never been heard IN pub
liz. in This HnpnfyN Tr,rNyvlpnS an
plause testified to the delight with which
the audience received the three songs.
particularly. 1t seemed. the last OF the
three.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-28
w PIPE LINE RATES
G TO CUT OIL PRICES
Trade Commission Reports to Senate That Competition
Would Be Promoted, Cheapening Cost of Crude
P~roduct-Industry in Danger.

WASHINGTON. Feb. :7.--The Federal
Trade Commission will send TO the
Senate Tomorrow a report on PIPE line
transportation from tho midcontincnt
Oil field. which lies chiefly in Oklahoma
and Kansas. II states that the net earn
inss OF the companies which operate the
hve pipe line systems In his field rave
been 1898 per cent on the ne, invest
ment for the three year period 1911 to
1913.
The report asserts that "the conclusion
u evident that the prosperity and per-
haps even the existence of many small
concerns depend on lower pipe line rates
and reasonable minimum shipments.
"Whetner the general level of prices
for refined products would be reduced
thereby would depend chiefly on the
prices of crude oil. which under coiidi
tons Of free competition would bc de.
termincd by supply and demand 1t rom
tinues.
competition, however. would he pro-
noted thereby. and VI would naturally
be expected that prices woutd he made
more even and equitable not only as
respects the crude oil prices in the mid
continent and Appalachian fields but
also as respects the prices of the refined
products In different parts Of the coun-
try"
FIrst Accurate Report.
The report says in part:
This report gives the results of the
first accurate investigation of the IN.
vestment In pipe line operations and
the costs Of operating them. II Is we'll
known to all who are familiar with the
oil industry that the pipe lines are as
fundamental a factor for the oil indus
try. ~ the railroads are for agriculture
There " no possibility Therefore OF
any satisfactory solution Of the prob.
lens affecting the oil industry as Ions
as the ommon carrier service OF pip,
lines IL not performed undo reasonable
and equitable terms. Furthermore. the
statement may he ventured that " these
problems are once correctly solved the
other problems of the oil industry will
present not only less difficulty hut also
less danger.
The dominant position Of the mid.
continent field in the oil industry makes
the facts developed IN this report q!
vital Importance to the entire country
The pools of this large oil field in 10,
produced 97,a95,400 barrels Of cr,rle oil
or more than one-third OF IN. total pro.
ductton Of The United states. II the
California oil. which Is of lower grade
l. excluded tho proportion was about 50
per cent Of the total.
"a large part of this vast production
H. transported eastward by pipe line ic
numerous reiinerios In Illinois. Indiana
OHIO. PENNSYLVANIA. Maryland. New Jcr
sey and New York.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-28
Net Earnings Big.

The net earnings. before deducting
bond interest. of the companies which
operate the five pipe line systems IN the
%midcontinent field have been 19,33 per
cent. on the net investment for the three
year period 1911 10 1918.
."rhese net earnings, however. do not
show what they earned from pipe line
operations, because in most cases these
comnsnies are also engaged in other
branches Of the oil business, such as
nroducing, refining and marketing. and
their pipe lines are operated merely az
departments Of this integrated form OF
business. These companies generally
treat their earnings as though they arose
entirely from merchandising oil. because
they have not yet. to any significant ex-
tent, performed the duty OF common car
riers.
"Jn comparing costs Of pipe line trans
p~ortation and pipe line rates It Is desir-
able to show not only what the operat-
lng cost 10 for such service but also what