The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-03-16

NFr1- WssE,T EsuE Tle-fsr T-l's1 EfA-ss 4
DsEIEr--s-- @ Arrs--i-zr=B
Erscix1E-s % tks tspa-1zeE. are /
ErEi.Z cattle gzrsrs. IN TIE SoTth as /
vel a. Ia TIE SOu;h. 70 take E.sps 20 /
n their cattle ct OF rarblss O. /
-Eslves.- tks irzpoT-zncs % uhich 70 I
the cattle Industry has been generally |
urdsres.i-atst or wzrbles are the I
rkitish ErEhs o. nzgEOts which de-
Tslop from the eEgs deposited By GER
tain siss known as Usrbls fies or
heel sies. ant Ehich in!urs the hides. /
rstucs uIk foE and rsizrt the growth
% the snilzzls. Tie mzggots are can
noaly fourt !zst below the skin OF
the hacks of cattle n the spring Their
presence fs revealed by local sWeil!ngs
about the size % pigeons eggs. each
Eiih q szaI central hole OF perfOr4-
ton through which the maggo;
brezthss Prom this hole the nzEgot.
Hhen mature. energes 20 enter the
ground and change 20 the adult or ~
stage when full grown the grub Is
about three-fourtks Of an inch in
length
has largely been confined 70 cattle In
the South. but recently the bureau Of
entomology has discovered that a sec
Ond species. heretofore not found In
this country but known 10 be even
more serious pest in Europe than IL
I our native Earble. has become well ss-
tAblished IN certain districts in the
- -
While II is probable that this sO-czlle9
I European OF gaTbls will not be OF as
| great Importance In the southern part
I OF the United States as the species al
ready established. there Is every res-
[ son 20 believe that unless checked II
viii become generally distributed
/ throughout the northern half OF the
I country This European species IL
now generally distributed throughout
New YORK and the New England states
/ and a few specimens have been OBJ
I tanned from western Pennsylvania,
I western Maryland. southern Michigan,
I eastern Iowa and Missouri. and west
ern Washington Attention Is also d.
I rec,ed TO the fact that this species Is
]
southern Canada The department,
| therefore. is calling attention at this
I time TO the danger OF spreading this
species prorliscuously about the coun-
try. and IS urging cattle owners to take
the simple means necessary TO pre-
vent its spread.
Until recently warbles were not re
4 - 81
because Il was thought that the loss
they oecRsioned came principally from
the damage they did to hides. Even
this loss In the aggregate, however. is
important. as hides show warble holes
three 20 six months in the year. and
dealers pay from 80 cents TO $50 less
for hides that show even moderate
warble infestatiOn. In many cases the
scars left after the holes have healed
cause buyers to cut prices cOusid-
erably.
The loss from the warble. however,
Is by no means limited 10 the holes the
maggots cut in the hides. Extensive
Investigations in Germany and Den
mark Indicate that the losses through
reduction In milk supply in dairy cat
tie. the retardation Of growth in young
stock. and the loss OF flesh In all
classes OF animals are twofold greater
than the damage done 10 the hides. In
some Of these tests the early eItrac.
tion OF the grubs from the backs OF in
tested cattle resulted In an increase Of
nearly Is per cent In the milk produc-
tiCn. Animals from which the grubs
had been extracted showed a gain OF
more than Eve per cent in weight over
similar animals In which the pests
we're allowed 10 develop normally.
Thus far the veterinarians and en-.
tOmologists OF the department have
determined no better way Of control.
ling these pests than through the sy5-
tematic extraction and destruction OF
the grubs from the backs OF infested
animals
When the larvae are nearly ready 70
leave their host they may be easily
squeezed out BY pressing the swelling
with the fingers, but II not 80 far de
veioped It is often very dificult 20 get
them out BY squeezing. In such cases
a slender pair OF forceps may be used
for pulling them out II the swelling
and its opening ara still very small
the best way Of extracting the grub Is
10 make an incision with a knife. after
which the grub can be squeezed out By
applying strong pressure. XIII the gruf
when removed.
II is important that warbles be re
moved as early in their development
as possible. This relieves the infested
animal from the irritation and pre-
vents the enlargement OF the sri