davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1916-08-28
In Defence Of Secretary McAdoo.

We find 1t difficult to believe that
WILLIAM GIBBS McADoo. Secretary of
the Treasury, Is a member Of the
white House Ring" by which. nc.
cording TO the newspapers, the Demo
cratic national committee and its sub
sidiary agencies have been relegated
to n negligible position In the man.
ngement Of President WILSON'S cam
paign for reelection. Secretary Nc.
A.Doo is named, along with Colonel
HOUSE and HENRY MoRGENTHAU, Us
II leader Of the supreme council. but
this must do him an injustice.
Our belief In his innocence Is
based on the sixth specification in
the circular distributed among the
employees Of the Treasury Depart.
ment earlier in the year and printed
in the newspapers of August 3. The
specification to which we refer re-
minds the men under Secretary
Mc.ADoo that they are forbidden:
ITO assume the active conduct Of q
political campaign
The circular Of which this sensl.
bic and proper prohibition forms Il
part was issued as nm official docu'
ment of the Treasury Department
and bore the signature of WILLIAM
q. Mc.ADoo, Secretary. Obviously II
forblds the activities which are now
represented rs engaging Mr.. Nc
.ADOO's energies. and we cannot con
, ceive of a man of sensitive honor Il
his position disrcgarding his owl
orders and by his conduct serving
notice on his subordinates that III,
elaborate code prepared %ostensibl!
To guide their course was Il frau,
designed To deceive the electorate
and not the outcome of u sincere tie
sire TO protect the public servic,
from political debauchery.
The sun., 1916-08-28

To THE EoiroE or THE SuS-Sir: II
Is not strange that Justice Con should
have said that ~"s,andard.zing the mind
is as futile as standardizinG electricity"
for we expect the courts to belon. To- a
past generation. But why should the
statement cause THE SuS to rejoice"
and 10 print a leading article in COM
incubation? DO you, Ike Justice GoN.
believe that si~andardizins electricity is
futile
Unfortunately intelligence cannot he
SO readily measured as electricity. but
much progress has been made in recent
years. Tive Binet tests have their value
and their limitations they are not "a
result of careful experiment stand
! ardized in this country. where the larger
part Of the work on mental tests and
I measurements has been done.
Judges doubtless hold expert tes,i-
mony in contempt. because there are al
Ways people who can he hired to testify
on both sides of n question. But why
do the American courts permit a scandal
unknown elsewhere?
Justice Con- perhaps also believes that
our knowledge of heredity is futile. and
that no harm is donc when he releases
a feeble minded girl from permanent
control. !. MckEES CATTELL.
GARRISON on HuDsoN, July 81.
The sun., 1916-08-28

Now that we are co,redIng for the
moment that the surest test of a
etatesman's greatness consists in his
having kept his country out Of war
1t Is well to draw attention to the
absolute genius of NEWSSTAND CAR
RAMA for doing that thing.
General CARRANzA has not only kept
his country. Mexico. entirely out ot
war during his ascendency. but he
has kept us. the people Of the United
States. from more than n taste of the
horrors of the battlefield.
lie has done this under the severest
%provocation to do otherwise. When
that unfeeling monster WOODROW Will
son sent an American army into Mex
leo. General CARRANzA suffered we
, know not what temptations to initiate
the depruyed example OF ALBERT OF
Belgium and resist the invaders. II
Is well known that he said:
II wish to keep Mexico out Of war
but above all ! am determined to kce.
the United States out Of war. vii
not let the innocent Americans bt
dragged into war by Mr.. WILSON"
We are as mindful as ever of til,
claims of King CONSTANTINE /. oi
Greece, King FERDINAND of l,umania
the Grand Duchess MAIIE-.ADELAlDi
of Luxembourg and WOODROW WILSON
of the United States to honors II
the order named for keeping theil
countries out of war under most try
ing circumstances. Yet we are dis
posed, on further reflection, I,
award provisional highest honors I,
General CAIIANZA. lie kept not onl.
his W but another country out q
war In the face of actual invasion.
The sun., 1916-08-28

Senator UNDERwoOD's effort to cor
rect In a measure one unjust, In
equitable and discriminatory pro-
vision Of the income tax law by
reducing the minimum exemption to
$1,000 was defeated by the Demo.
Gratis on the floor Of the Senate.
Previously n majority Of the Demo
cratic members Of the Finance Com.
mittee had recommended the amend.
ment Mr.. UNDERWOOD urged, but 1t
was abandoned in order that the rec
ord Of p%artisanship written by the
Democratic organization might not
be impaired.
BY its action on this amendment
the Democratic party has given proof
OF Its devotion to special privilege
and Its determination to perpetuate
class legislation, regardless Of the
needs of the Treasury, the teachings
Of experience and the dictates Of
| sound economies. Nor can 1t say
that Its decision was taken In ignO-
rance or without light. The indorsc-
ment of the plan to reduce the ex.
emptlons by n majority Of the domi-
nant party's representatives on the
Finance Committee will stand al
ways as a confession that the pres
ent arbitrary exemptions r. indie.
feasible. the result Of favOritism and
the OItgrowth of n policy that puts
votes before justice.
Mr.. UNDERWOOD was beaten, but
he kept his record clear; and In
what lie said on this subject, us well
rs In his words on the desertion oi
the historic principle Of n tariff for
revenue only, he spoke the Thoughts
that are in the minds Of thousands OF
troubled Democrats today.
The sun., 1916-08-28

From every part Of the country pro-
tests come to President WILSON
against his rejection Of arbitration in
the railway dispute. From every part
Of the country the railway managers
receive messages urging them to stand
u%nshakably for arbitration.
No display Of public opinion will In.
duce Mr.. WILSON to retreat from his
position. lie Is convinced that he can
make the railway executives accept
the eight hour day as n wage basis.
II he can. he has visions Of 100000
votes. 1t does not occur to him that
most Americans put a square deal first
and that he will lose five votes for
every one lie gnlns.
Mr.. WILSON chooses to play politics
in handling the greatest Industrial
crisis in the history Of the country,
Very well. let the matter remain po-
litical. Let every American who loves
a square deal remember as he sets
out on November Z that WOODROW
WILSON, for political purposes, dc
MED to the railways Of the country
| the square deal and the simple
justice OF arbitration Of the demands
made on them that lie denied them
| their fair chance Of a decision in their
favor.
The sun., 1916-08-28
THE RAPE OF LILLE.
An Cnncutral Opinion Of the Dcporta.
tlon OF Its Women.

To THE EDITOR OF TIE SuN--Sir:
France leaves the pathetic matter of the
outraged inhabitants OF Lille. barbarous-
ly, Illegally and !mmoraily ev!cted from
their homes. to the conscience of neu-
trails" to whom is now given an occa-
sion to show what they conceive to be
their duty and their right" Details
Of this latest German atrocity. the story
Of the selection Of girls "of the right
age" for kidnapping. are beyond publ
cation Ike beasts they were taken away
by the beasts that this Government Still.
pref, nds are our friends.
Meanwhile the Senate daubs along.
Since the war began the only humans
tartan action recorded 10y the Senate
Is The %impudent resolution interfering
with the treatment Great Britain sees
IT To impose on n traitor caught red
handed-and that resolution Is branded.
rs i deserves. by every intelligent OBJ
server of our political methods as the
! rankest sort OF hypocritical sentimental
ism for petty political ends.
The ~farcical Easement Resolution
will please some second rate Irish in
this country lnone others would wish
cl.mcncy for a man who dared mingle
treason with Germany with good gov
| eminent for Ireland). Action IN line
| with the plea of France for PROSTATE
Belgium would he "bad for the German
| Vote In those two sentences are
! summed UP the high minded forces
which direct the policies of the United
states And so we as a nation continu,
to remain speeches. In the face of the
The sun., 1916-08-28
THE SHORT A
A Weapon the Public Might Use In
Self. Defence.

70 VII, Intro, ,p T,,r Srx-Sn. SO.
,,,, ,,,a Lii ,.,,,,los -, Vow yorl
,i,.. nn,. a,,i, r.is.I ,ho ,r;,o -,
..
~. ,o,, ,ooa ,,o,, tbose l,,s or tho
-, ,ra ,r,s,s and -, ,ha ,,r.
H.. 49,. 49,, - ,,o ,o,n,o ,,,u.
- a,., ~ l.. ~
. .,s.ta.Iis -, 49,, -, an,.
go. ,aa nj, ,,s. "a ,,,, b,.
.n .,m r1,n a..
we n's.. Wv "' w." A.
WV, w =" .,,,,
ISM ~ ""iV'N 49, 49,
"''' ~ " 49,
wal Nv
u" It ''1"' ''". .ia,, ~
ana n'''e "', W. n.
l'l"",s wy =, 49,, .tn,, -,
.' ''t'' ''" '"'S
o's'''' -" 49,
ror '"'''"N', ""' ""'
eoi'S''ci''''m INV -" '
The sun., 1916-08-28
April Fl Of this year, when It was
brought TO light through a resolution !

April Fl Of this year, when 1t was
brought to light through a resolution
Of the Senate. But 1t went to the
Senate with a communication signed
by Secretary DANIELS In which he
explicitly asserted that 1t "was not
furnished to him." that he "did not
know Of its existence until long after
It was written and that although
Admiral FIsKE was In DANiELs's Of
flee every day, he did not tell the
Secretary that lie had placed the
document on file. Moreover, Secre-
tary DANIELS then wrote:
II find upon inquiry that II was flied
with the chief clerk without my knowl-
edge that 1t had been written"
The history of this incident has not
been forgotten. The regrettable pO-
sitlon In which the Secretary Of the
Navy was left when the facts and
records were disclosed Is fresh In the
minds Of nll ; and 1t Is no more than
Justice to say TINT nobody could have
treated 1t with greater consideration
for the scnsibilities Of JosEPHUs DAN.
tELs than JosEPHrs DANIELS did him.
self in his Down East speech.
The sun., 1916-08-28
Secretary Daniels In the Maine
Campaign.

That %JOsEPIIUs In his Milbridge
speech answered Representative GARD.
NER's questions on the state of the
navy cannot he admitted; but JO-
sEPHUs did reveal himself to the citi-
zens of Maine rs n master of eupherHy.
No other man could have put the mat
ter Of the suppressed Fiske letter in Il
way o pleasing to the Secretary of
the Navy than JosEPHus did:
Question No. 2 shows a lamentab bio
failure upon Mr.. GARDNER's part to read
the newspapers.
AT this late day he inquiries anxiously
whether or not Admiral FisKE had SUBJ
mitted to me, three weeks previous to
November 0. 1914, an official letter with
the subject title, The Nays Unpre.
! paredness for War
ITO answer this momentous question
at length would be to assume that my
audience was equally Indifferent to the
public press.
at is sufficient to say that it was
claimed that Admiral FIsKE had pre-,
scented such "A letter. that | mad said that
Admiral FIsKE had submitted so many
memorandum on naval subjects as par
OF his official duties that 1t was difficult
to remember exactly the one referred to
but hat ! could not find 1t in my files.
"That Admiral FIsKE himself then an
nounced hat he was quite sure he ha,
sen the letter. to which I replied tina
II Admiral FIsKE made such a statemen
did not for "a moment doubt that /
was true"
The letter referred to Is that com
munication by Admiral FIsKE bearin,
date Of November 8, 1914, which wa
handed by the Admiral, then Aid 70
Operations, to Secretary DANIELS /
person. According to naval officer
whose story has been conir,
dicted the Secretary read the lcttc
and handed 1t back to Admiral FISK
without comment. 1t then took II
!. place In the files Of the department
where 1t rested undisturbed unit
The sun., 1916-08-28
MR.. HUGHES'S TASK.
To Expose, and Not 10 Counsel. Is His
Present Duty.

TIC THE EDITOR or THE SUN-Sir: The
undignihed criticism Of Mr.. Hughes by
those who call on him to answer the
question What would you lave done""
H. ridiculous.
Why should Mr.. Hughes tell how he
would have built or would rebuild the
miserable fabric erected by the Wilson
Administration?
Hughes is showing the r~ottenness and
dcform.ty In the structure. lie is not
furnishing plans and specifications he
promises an efficient administration. and
everybody knows he is capable OF doing
and will do what I've promises.
| Everybody knows the Vera cruz
hiundcr led to all the other Mexican
%outragcs.
Hughes is a progressive In principle.
Wilson Is not. DESERVING DEMOCRAT.
NEWARK, August 70.
The sun., 1916-08-28
WHAT IS
Questions Inspired In the Mind Of al
Old Style Democrat.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUS-Sir: As
a Democrat I am looking for light on
several points In respect to the candi-
dacy Of Judge Seabury for Governor.
First. would ask Is Judge Seabury
a Democrat? l know he has been a
populist, an Independence Lacquer and
a Progressive. but ] have no knowledge
Of his ever having affiliated himself with
the Democratic party.
Then there Is Judge Seabury's devo-
ton to the single tax cause TO consider.
Nowadays the great mass OF the people
have a supreme contempt for the legis-
lative department Of the Government and
look TO the Executive to %sandbag his
pet measures through Congress or legls-
lature. With Judge Seabury in the
Governors chair the single tax fad
would be in a fair way toward finding
a place In our already overcrowded stat
ute books. Are we prepared for this?
Is single tax Democratic doctrine?
J~ErrEEsoNIAN.
BROOKLYN, August o6.
The sun., 1916-08-28
ELECT Mr.. HUGHES.
That Is the Duty Of u Patriotic and
Clear sighted Electorate.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-Sr: The
dress by Presidential Candidate Charles
T.. Hughes clearly discovers to his intel
l!gcnt, sel~f-rcspccting and truly patriotic
fellow citizens his keen sense of honor
and genuine Americanism
am not much Of a believer IN tax fo-
talks sake or programmes for pr.
grammcs' sake. NJ creed. boiled down.
i: Find oG: what tho TACT. are ,uJ
what they fairly and Justly demand an.
then 60 and DO tho things which thu.
call for" have 10 dsslr" to hc con-
serious or TO speak IN an unworthy way
81 our friends who disagree" with W.. Ne
can be friends ami SIN disagree. bat /
bc,!cvc II this nation IS 10 be buI, up
In the trying days before US and We ar"
TO a,hicv. our great ideals We mus, have
the instrum"ntallti"s OF "A party that Is
truly a national party with u national out
look and holding those principles the ap-
rlict:.on OF wht,h - essential to the up-
building of American industry and enter
prise ,hroughou; our land. II American
citizenship is ever he'd cheaply We wUl
lose the motive power OF progress.
These observations. coming as they do
from tho heart and brain of II fellow
citizen 81 the recognized character and
callbre II Charles Evans Hughes. should
carry weight with every sound thinking,
square dealing and wide awake Aincri
can citizen, native or naturalizcd.
From the standpoint ~ the safeguard
ing of the lvst interest Of this grea,
republic failure to elect Mr.. Hughes 10y
an overwhelming majority would be q
ational calamity.
Genuine patriotism. instead OF politico,
commercialism. should be at the from,
in November irNt. J.. *. T..
WoopHAvES, August @6.
The sun., 1916-08-28

Italy moved with elaboration and
restraint in her declaration of.war on
Austria. a declaration that aligned her
with the enemies OF Germany and made
collision with that Power inevitable.
Since the Italian-Austrian struggle be-
gan the interests Of Italy in other
theatres OF conflict besides her Euro
pean frontier have been obvious, and
her relations with the kaiser's Govern
mcnt have been increasingly difficult.
But with the same circumspection that
marked her entrance into the war she
has conformed her conduct to a set
PURPOSE. until at last. in the judgment
Of her statesmen. the hour came for
her to carry her policy to its logical
conclusion and formally enroll herself
among the Powers that are at war
with Germany.
The sun., 1916-08-28
MR.. WILSON'S OPPORTUNITY.
The Railroad War Is . Supreme Test
Of His viii for Public Service.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Str: An
eight hour yardstick for the wages oil
railway operatives is likely soon to ma
terialixe. unless the brotherhood chiefs
anger the people by calling a STRIFE In
the vain hope Of demonstratins their
control Of our national communications.
No Federal legislation enacted since
the strike Of 1894 wcakens either the
obligation OF the President to prevent
violent interruption of our railway SER
vice or the power of the Supreme Court
o uphold his efforts. For Obligation
and power rest upon tho Constitution.
which implicitly says to all citizens
Thou shalt not bully the GoveWment.
As President Cleveland and the court.
relying on inherent constitutional
powers. fiattened Debs. so may President
Wilson and tho court flattcn any one
emulous to-day Of his feeting notoriety
and forgetful of his slump-and this by
straightforward dealing with disturbers
OF the country's peace and not by re.
sorting to confiscation of the railways
into public ownership.
Arbitration Is yet attainable even II
a strike order has gon out. Let Presi-
dent Wilson. reiterating his approval
OF the eight hour wage standard and
his logical proposition that increase In
operating cost be made up In the rates
frame a request for an arbitration &c
determine the method of applying the
new standard. Let him pack the request
with the full strength of his mighty
office. with the full responsiveness of a
-. - - .. " 500 a.
a supreme test In this critical period in
his public service.
! predict the brotherhoods would no,
treat the request with contempt and
enter upon "a strike with failure II
sight. CARAVAN +. RANDOLPH.
NEW York, August &c.
The sun., 1916-08-28

ing as many ~bullseyes, and then he
remarked: II haven't done any shoot.
ing for years, but I used to be a fair
shot. Now you young fellows go to
1t and show us some craftsmanship"
The moral Of course is that rockies
are seldom ms effective MS regulars
Mt anything md that It may be tempt.
ing fate to put regulars to the test.
Excellent Is the rookie In the
spirit he brings to his service. and
bravely he ncquits himself, but hui
mility becomes him In the presence
Of the professional soldier.
The sun., 1916-08-28
TO.day's Crisis.

II Is reported that the railway
executives are to meet President VII
son al 10 o'clock this morning anu
convey to him their unalterable re-
solve to insist upon the arbitration
Of the trainmen's demands.
Every person in the country who
believes I'm the just and peaceful set
Element Of industrial disputes will
back the railway heads In such II
stand. The executives are said to he
willing to keep two sets Of books ana
to pay the trainmen any wage H.
crease that may be awarded them as
from the date arbitration Is begun.
What could be fnirer?
Aside from the principle ut stake
In the issue of arbitration. the rail-
way presidents have faced peculiar
difficulties In the past weeks de-
alterations. The offers made TO them
of compulsory arbitration. hereafter
and of rate increases were mostly
meaningless.
In projects looking toward compul-
sorry arbitration the thoughtful citl-
zen will place no confidence. Stripped
Of technicalitics compulsory arbitra-
ton means forced labor. The only
cOmpulsiOn that is necessary to en-
force arbitration IN industrial dis
putes Is the swift and irresistible
cOmpulsion of public opinion. That
force is all that Is necessary, just
rs It is the only force the exer.
ton Of which Is practicable. 1t
has to he embodied, however, In the
men chosen by the people TO fill i'm
pOrtant offices. These men must stand
always and untlinchingly for the ar
bitration of industrial disputes. When
they do not they bctray the public
interest, the greatest treachcry pos
sible In II servant of the people. This
Is why the course adopted by WooD-
ROW WILSON Is SO shocking to the
moral sense of his c%ountrymen.
As to the schemes to V Mr.. VIII
SONS face by promising the railroad.
rate increases and what not. there !,
not one of them that will work.
Increasing the membership of the
Interstate Commerce Commission
merely makes IL possible for it To holt
hearings on rates more promptly. II
is not Il guarantee that rates will bt
raised. Wage increases granted I,
the trainmcn will not be considered
In the rate hearings unless Congress.
specially DEGREES II, for the commits
sion has held that 1t cannot consileI
wage standards in connection will
questions of rates. There is. finally
no certainty at all that the member,
Of the commission will award in
creased rates. To seek for such III
assurance Is TO ask Il court to tell be
fore trial of Il case in whose favor |
will give It's decision.
With the trainmcn II Is all very fine
If they get their eight hour day. or >
to 40 per cent. raise In wages. rs II i
more truthfully described, they get i
ut ono and nothing can ever take |
away from them. This is in ironi
contrast to the hazy promises tina
the railroads were asked to accept.
The sun., 1916-08-28
Hemisphere we can comprehend that

Hemisphere we can comprehend that
national safety and s~elf-respect
spring from n decent regard for this
normal national self-interest. But
this regard must be freed from cant
Of oil kinds and must take the form
Of preserving material rights and
observing material duties while re-
jectlng quietly the vague. glowing
hut will-o'.the-wlsp ideas Of interna-
tionallsts, paclists, and the passion.
nte wOrshIppers Of such pure ab-
stractions us Service" and "hu-
manity."
The sun., 1916-08-28
Some Philosophical SpecuIatiOns.

Philosophy. in 81 far as 1t Is the
domain of pure reason, has had n difh.
cult time since August. 1911. With
the progress of the war 1t is coming
into It's own again, although slowly
and with II good deal Of uncertainty
rs to landfalls and departures.
our ears are no longer constantly
deafcncd and our reason nssailcd 10y
the attempts to place upon German
philosophers the entire responsibility
for the present conflict. We are see
Ing that they had not an undue share
in causing II one evidence of their
limited participation Is the contro-
ycrsy over them that RACES In Ger
many. There the disciples Of SCMo-
PENHAUEI praise him for having uni
fled and fortified the German spirit.
They slur NiETZsCIIE and KANT. The
| kantians and the Nietzschcans reply
in kind. 1t is an amusing battle AMI
goes far to exculpafe the protago.
! nlstS used by the warriors.
Here in Il neutral country the per-
ccption of the n has perhaps led us
to think that the magnificent German
philosophical systems, each II mighty
fortress wrapped in clouds, suffer the
immense defect of being too grimly
isolated from the rest of the rcllec-
tive ns well as the. material world.
They are Rhine castles rather than
landmarks guiding to the loftiest
heights of thought. We admire
them those born in their shadow can
ind in them counsels of perfection
but they are not to be transplnnted.
Furthermore. the fundamental pre-,
ccpts of the German giants of thought
have been put to strange uses. We
had not suspected that In the cate.
goricul imperative of KANT, for In
stance, there might he concealed &
perfect moral subordination of ;
whole people. Yet how else explain
apparent popular aclulcsccncc in Ger
tain breaches Of international law?
The necessity of philosophical re-
construction after the war will be
great. 1t will he greatest, perhaps
in Germany, but it will exist to f,
large extent In England, and pcrhap,
in Russia. One step that should b'
taken toward promoting in%ternationa
understandings concerns means q
communication. Whatever Can b,
done toward neutrali2ing the cable
and the wireless should be ATTENDED
to. The cables should not be, cut
however unavoidably they may b
censored and the wireless should h
largely extended So that no nation Il
any future conflict shall be incon
municado to the extent that Gel
many has been in this war.
The great lesson for the neutral ma
ton of the United States has been tn
. dominance of healthy self-intcrest |
r shaping the destlnies of nations.
4 Is seen to underlie all the speci0u
$ philOsophizings advanced to .justlf
: the participation Of ench country !
the present war; though, Of course, |
y the cases of France, Belgium and Sci
: bia the issue of self-intercst is lnrgel
!, displaced by the necessity Of sci
preservation. Here In the Wester