davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona republican., 1916-04-14
Republican A. p. Leased Wire1

SAN ANTONIO, April 13-From Columbus, N. NJ, to points near the vigilance was maintained for fear of attacks, since CarranZa had requested the American troop withdrawal which went up and down the line of com munications to the camps of the de- tached cavalry columns that have penetrated the hills and mountains beyond Parral in their search for Villa.
 No official communication went to them and will not until the war de- partment has communicated the news and it's wishes to General Funston, but orders have been sent from here to take all precautions against at Jacks.
 General Funston received no report from General Pershing regarding the reported Parral incident and late today he knew no more of that de- lvelopment than was contained in the report sent forward by Consul Letch- CT from Chihuahua and that given i in press dispatches from Washington His information from Consul LetcheI indicated that both garrison and pop ulace had fired upon the detachment of 40 American troops when they entered Parral and that the fire had been returned.
 ! It was assumed that the command ing officer of the American detach-
 ment was Major Tomkins, who, il was believed might be having diff !culties in getting his reports of the incident back to General Pershing Major TOmpkins had with him nc field wireless and a courier would
 have been necessary for the trans
 mission of his report.
 That q conflict between American troops and Mexicans other than thos
 was regretted at headquarters, bu
 confidence was expressed of the abil
 ity of the commander of the detach
 ment that entered Parral to eXplai the incident satisfactorily. All off
 cers in the eXpeditionary column have been cautioned not to provok conflict with peaceful residents c
 Mexico or with troops of the d facto government and officers a headquarters do not believe that tn incident at Parral will alter the at titude of the men in the field. Of
 conflict that might come will be tn
Arizona republican., 1916-04-14
TRepublican A. p Leased Wire1

FL PASO, Tex, April 13.-El Paso was in q state of tense anticipation to- night What will Washington do?' was the question on every lip. and was so absorbing a subject of speculation that everything else faded into insig nificance.
 The news of the clash at Parral be- tween American soldiers and MeXicanS was followed by reports of serious rioting at other points in Chihuahua. but in none of these other incidents were American soldiers said to be in voived. The riots were said to be due principally to economic conditions and not primarily political The scarcity of food in the cities of northern Mex ico has been growing steadily greater ard in many places the masses of the people are said to be practically on the brink Of starvation.
 | The worst rioting was reported far to the south, in Aguas Calientes, cap- ital of the state of that name. Foo6
Arizona republican., 1916-04-14
Republican A. p. Leased Wirel

DENVER, April 13.-A jury was se cured late today and opening state ments Of the defense and prosecution completed in federal district court, where w. B. Slaughter of Dallas. Tex, former president of the closed Mercan- tile National bank of Pueblo, Colo. is being tried on charges in connection with the financial difficulties of the in stitutiOn. The case was brought to Judge R. F. Lewis division of the fed eral court here upon motion of former United States Senator Joseph w Bailey of Texas, who, as chief counsel for Slaughter, argued that the defend ant had received threatening letters prior to the closing of the case in Pueblo on April 6. and that fair trial had not been had.
 In his opening statement. MT. Bailey asserted the defense would not contro- = vert any evidence that the forgeries
Arizona republican., 1916-04-14
CERTAIN GERMAN SUBMARINE ATTACKED SUSSEX
SENATORS TO SUPPORT
 ROADS AID BILL
Special to The Republican

WASHINGTON, D. c. April l3.- Senator Bankhead gave notice in the senate today that he would move the consideration of the fed
 eral aid bill bearing his name to aid the states in the construction and maintenance of post roads or roads that may be used as post roads, immediately after the vote on the army bill which is fixed for April IS. Senators Smith and Ashurst are giving the bill their earnest attention as under it the state of Arizona would receive as much as $35S, ,000 of an annual ap- propriation of $25,00000 for road construction and maintenance.
Arizona republican., 1916-04-14
RAILS AT S33 TON
Republican A. p. Leased Wire

Republican A. p. Leased Wire]
 NEW YORK, April 13.-The United States Steel Corporation announced to- day that after May 1 contracts placed for Bessemer and open-hearth steel rails for deliverey after May l. 1917, will be at the rate of $33 a ton. Tho present price of BPS a ton has prevailed for thirteen years.
Arizona republican., 1916-04-14
Picks Up Crew

BARCELONA (Via Paris). April r.. The steamer MallOrca has arrived here from Maporca. On the voyage she picked up the crew of the British steamer Orlock Head which had been torpedOed.
Arizona republican., 1916-04-14
Steamship Colombia Damaqed

LONDON, April 13. - The Dutch steamship Colombia. from Baltimore. March 23. for Amsterdam, put in at Gravesend today. having been damaged by striking a mine in the English chan mel yesterday.
Arizona republican., 1916-04-14
CARRANZA WANTS AMERICAN TROOPS WITHDRAWN AND SAYS
 WILL PURSUE VILLA HIMSELF
DENIES PERMISSION EVER GIVEN FOR
 AMERICAN FORCES TO CROSS BORDER
 TO AVENCE VILLA RAID ON COLUMBUS

While Troops In Mexico Have Their First Battle With NatvesNews of Clash Parra Reaches Late House Hear About Before Ad of Withdrawal Will Be Considered By Cabinet Today and Congress While Discussing It, Expected Handle for the Present
Arizona republican., 1916-04-14

Continued on Page Two)
Arizona republican., 1916-04-14

Continued on Page F'ive)
Arizona republican., 1916-04-14

Continued on Page Five)
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11

their opponents; it is also certain that
they have smaller reserves behind them
1t is not necessary to accept the extreme
estimates of German attrition, but 1t Is
fair to accept the fact that superior popu-
lation. wealth and reserves have long ago
given to the Allies the permanent advantage
in numbers in the field. 1t is doubtful if
Austria can now put more troops in the
field than Italy; it is certain that Germany
can no longer match man for man WIN
Britain, Russia and France combined even
with the Turkish aid, which is not consid-
cradle.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11
The Political Maneuvre.

But France has been compelled to en-
dure very rough attack. Italy IS endur-
ing another, which has threatened to carry
the war into the Venetian plain and at one
point has actually passed the Italian from
tier. We are. then, approaching a crisis in
German strategy. Within a month at the
outside it is fair TO assume that Russia
will be able to make some sort OF Ell
fort annroximating what was expected
Of her when the plans for general Of
fensive were made in Paris last winter. As
for the British, they have had no serious
lighting since last October, and they may
te reckoned to be as ready as they prom
lsed to be when the plans were made.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11

Yerdun is no longer a fortress and has
no value itself.
Very frequently one hears in German
quarters that the Allied spring drive has
been prevented by the Verdun attack.
There never was any intention on the part
CO the Allies to attack in the spring, for
the simple reason that Russia could not he
munitioned. A year ago Germany at
tackled Russia in the spring, and Russian
lack Of munitions partly contributed to
the great Russian defeat. Nowhere in
Europe did hear a suggestion that the
Allied attack would come before July, and
it was often postponed. even to next year.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11
The Military Aspect.

Nearly two months ago, on my return
from Paris, l outlined the political rea-
sons which are based on the German belief
that France is exhausted and almost ready
TO accept a separate peace.
But the military aspect is even more In
teresting. We have all assumed that some
time this wear the Allies were to break out
in q general offensive, a concentric attack
upon the Central Powers, made on all
fronts simultaneously. The conferences Of
the Allies in Paris have all been reported
as discussions of a combined military CT
fort Such an effort must recall to Ameri-
cans the strategy Of Grant, when at last
he took command of all the Northern ar
mics
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11
German Strategy.
cradle.

Such a concentric attack as the Allies
have planned would then be fraught with
very real danger for the Central Powers
It might fail, but if it could be prevented
such prevention would be wise strategy
Now. it will be noted in all that their
critics say in the recent days that the Ger
mans assert they have prevented this gen.
eral and simultaneous offensive. Not only
this. but they assert that they have pre-
vented it by their Verdun operation ms
assertion the Allies meet with general
denial.
But it is clear that the real purpose oil
German strategy, if the signs have been
correctly read, is to prevent the general
attack not by so great blow Of their own
like last years attack on Russia-as 10
make an attack impossible (for they have
no such Blow but rather by ok
erting such great pressure on one section
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11
German Failure.

Unless there is some explanation so far
successfully hidden from all observers,
this German attack upon France must now
be reckoned as a failure wholly analogous
to that at the User and Ypres. 1t has
gained no ground Of any value or any con-
siderable extent; it has not inflicted losses
on the French at all equal to those borne
by the Germans, and it has neither broken
French nerve nor provoked a premature
Allied attack. It's sole result to date has
been the purchase of few square miles
of French territory, the capture of some
French prisoners, perhaps 10000 wounded
and unwounded, and a number Of guns.
The total French loss may be 100000
It is not more-and the German is not
less than 100000. On this basis France
can afford to sell the Germans more square
miles of French territory for another
month or two, until the great attack comes.
When this attack does come, if II comes,
the British will have to bear a share OF
the cost based upon the French sacrifices
now. They will have TO do more than was
originally planned before the Verdun OPP
Grafton; less will be asked of the French.
But British reserves in men are far greater
than French, and. while France has seen
her reserves reduced with the German,
there has been no reduction in British and
Russian reserves, and the balance is
against the Germans.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11

would be fairer measure, and unless
they destroy the French troops before
them and break through the lines behind
Verdun before any reserves can be brought
up they will have achieved nothing OF
military value, save only as they may
have killed more French soldiers than they
have lost themselves, and so far 1t is
perfectly conservative estimate that they
have lost 100000 more than the French
More than year ago the French, after
a brief success, were driven south of the
Aisne east of Scissors, but there never
was the smallest chance that the Germans
could push their success further, and at
this point they were eighty miles nearer
Paris than they will be in Verdun and
there were fewer obstacles in their way
You cannot find any military reason to
support the German strategy in the Yer
dun campaign, after the first attack, which
is not, in fact, political. You may take the
simple explanation that the Germans be-
lieve the French are almost exhausted,
running short of men and Of courage, and
will presently abandon the war II they
continue to lose without reganing French
territory. You may take the less simple,
but not less appealing, explanation that
the Germans have tried at Verdun to exert
so much pressure as to provoke the Allies
into a premature offensive, thus destroy
ing the chance Of combined attack later;
there NAV be some other political con-
sideration that no one knows, a desire TO
give the German people a victory or
fear to abandon the attack, having sacrl-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11
France Declines.

So far we are on fairly safe ground, be-
cause it is a fact that when the German
attack on Verdun began the British did
offer to counter-attack, if the French de-
sired. Instead Joffre asked Haig 10 take
over the Arras sector of the French front,
thus releasing a whole French army, which
could be put in reserve behind Verdun.
This the British. of course, promptly did.
Meantime the French took Petain's army,
which was in reserve, and put it in the
Verdun sector.
The German attack upon Verdun was
brought TO a dead halt in the early days
of March; there was a gradual dying
down of the activity over a considerable
period. Then came a new and still more
violent phase in the early days of April.
This was without any profit whatever and
entailed some loss, although nothing like
the loss of the last days of the previous
fighting in the Vaux district. Still there
was no sign of British activity. As for
the Russians, they were still without am
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11
A Spring Offensive.

We have lately seen the Serbian army,
now reorganized, moved to Salonica. There
have been signs Of activity along this front,
and the forecast Of an Allied attack here
has led the Germans and Bulgarians
to seize Greek forts, with the alleged pur-
pose Of forestalling an attack There has
been a slight resumption of activity at
points on the Russian front. but nothing
Of any real moment. AS for the British,
they have been practically quiescent dur
ing the whole winter and spring. Only in
recent days have there been printed rather
crude hints that the British are ready to
attack when Joffre gives the word.
But it is well to remember that the Brit
sh have been willing, if not wholly ready
to attack at any moment they were asked
by the French to attack ever since the Yer
dun operation began. They have supplied
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11
Grants Method.
mics

Until Grant came the South, enjoying
interior lines, precisely as the Central
Powers do, had been able TO move troops,
notably Longstreet's corps, from one front
to the other, because the Northern attacks
were never combined and there was gen
orally lull along the Potomac when there
was activity on the Mississippi or the Ten
nessee. But Grant resolved TO attack on
al fronts. and with Sherman and Thomas
he launched the general offensive under
which the South first staggered and then
collapsed
Now we have been informed by the Al
lied press from time to time that the next
attack Of the Allies will be on all fronts,
that Russia will strike in the east France
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11
sazs
Postscript.
checked.

The Russian offensive which has broken
out south of the Pripet Marshes began TO
assume considerable proportions after this
article was written, and at this time Fri
day, June 81 seems fairly TO possess the
character of a major effort. ! shall dis
cuss il in these columns next week; mean
time there is plain reason for conjecturins
that one of two things has happened.
Either the German pressure on Verdun
and Venetia has provoked partial often
siye by one Of the Allies, or British and
French operations on the Western front
may be shortly expected.
The fall Of Fort Yaux is not in itself Of
any moment, but it may have served
finally to establish the necessity Of taking
the pressure of the French by threatening
the Central Powers elsewhere.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11
A Futile Attack.

But for the 100000 men the Germans
have next to nothing to show, and there is
nothing in the positions that they are now
attacking which explains their persistence.
If the Germans were able to sweep the
French back across the Mouse, if they
were able to occupy all the hills Of the
Meuse east of the river, they would still
have made no real progress toward Paris,
and they would be confronted by task
even more difficult than that which has
held them for more than three months and
cost them great and Improbable losses.
We are then forced to believe, and to this
belief practically every writer on military
affairs in France, in Britain and in the
United States has come, that the Germans
are either endeavoring to achieve through
their attack upon the Verdun sector mill
tarv object which lies outside the present
field of operations or else that they are
operating for reasons that affect the po-
litical situation either in Germany or in
France.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11
Object of Kaiser May Be to Start Prema-
ture Action Before Enemy Is Pre-
pared-Allied Drive Likely by
August or Superintendent
man Illusion as to France.
Copyright l9l6-The Tribune Assn.

a new army to occupy the Arras sector;
there are many hints afoat that they will
presently take over the Roye sector and
thus hold the line from the Disc 20 the
User. All talk about British unwilling
ness to share in the conflict or bear their
share Of the losses is moonshine. Much Of
it is malicious gossip intended to influence
French opinion and thus help the German
game, which is to provoke a premature
offensive.
1t is entirely likely that there will be
no attack until August; it Is moro than
that the attack will not be made
until September, although this would
shorten very materially the period in which
a successful offensive could be pushed
home, but it is also plain that within a
month now the Allies will be able TO move
as they planned, unless in this time the
Germans finally break the French nerve
or drive the French politicians into de-
manding British action in advance Of the
agreed time.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11
dotted line shows French position when the German drive

munitions the Allies were TO send in the
spring had not come and there was no
chance that Russia would be a serious
menace.
If by attacking the French the British
could be drawn into an offensive while
the Russians were out Of the game, Ger
many had the maximum chance of repuls-
ing the British and breaking up the whole
Allied plan, and she could temporarily
transfer from the Russian to the Western
front many divisions of troops.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11

The German attack upon the Verdun
sector Of the French front has already
lasted longer than the whole period of the
second Napoleonic episode, from the de-
narture from Elba to the final abdication
sfter Waterloo. Notwithstanding this fact,
n must be said that from the military
point Of view the purpose Of the German
attack remains hidden.
It has not been possible at any time
since the first phase Of the attack ended
with the checking Of the Germans on the
Douaumont Plateau and before lie Mort
Homme and Hill SO4 to find any satisfac-
tory military reason for its continuation
Conceivably, probably, the German losses
have been less than the reports have made
them out to be, the reports from Paris and
London; probably the French losses have
been greater than the same reports have
conceded, but it is a practical certainty
that the German losses have much exceed
ed the French and that the proportion has
been not less than to 2; that is, If the
Germans have lost SOC, 900 men in their at
tacks. and this is a moderate estimate, the
French loss is 100000.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11
The One Explanation.

The only explanation | can find for the
persistence of the Germans in the Verdun
affair is their conviction that the French
are about done, that the Allies are still
far from ready for a general attack, and
that they can still precipitate one under
conditions most favorable TO themselves.
do not believe even the fear Of the effect at
home Of a failure would lead the German
high command to continue its terrible sac
rifces. The German high command has
made mistakes, but it has never made such
a blunder as this would be, and it has fire.
quenty shown skill and quickness in
changing its strategy when il had been
checked.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11
A Concentric Attack on All Fronts
Holds the Great Danger to Ger
many-Drives on Verdun and
Against Italy Viewed as Eff.
forts to FOreStalI It,
By FRANK III. SIMONDS,
Author of "The Great War"

and Great Britain in the west, Italy in the
south, and that, in addition, there will be
an attack by the Allied army that has
been assembled in Salonica 1t is possible
that Germany with her allies would be able
to repulse such q combined attack, but it Is
equally clear that to do It she would have
to assemble great armies on all fronts, be-
cause she would be unable to move troops
from one front to the other.
But 1t is certain that the Central Pow
ers now have fewer troops in the field than
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11
VERDUN AND THE ALLIED OFFENSIVE

say it is possible, although everything that
saw in France contradicts any such no
ton. 1t is possible that the French people
or the French politicians may demand that
a portion of the burden be shifted to Brit
ish soldiers. If this happens then there
may still be a premature offensive, al
though nothing like as weak an offensive
as would have come had the British moved
last February. 1t is possible that the at
tack may come on one front before all
fronts are prepared.
On the other hand, it is equally clear that
the time Is not far distant when the Allies
can carry out their plan as they had in
tended to carry it out. So far the German
and Austrian efforts to provoke an attack
on one or two fronts have failed. If the
French people and the politicians stand
up under the attack Of Verdun for few
weeks more, then the main purpose Of Ger
man strategy, SO far as German strategy is
now Ineligible to observers outside of
Germany, will have completely failed.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11
The Austrian Campaign.

Meantime there has broken out very
severe Austrian attack upon the Italians,
which closely resembles the attack upon
Verdun, has resulted in even more consid-
cradle gains to the assailant, and does not
seem to have been brought to permanent
halt as yet. So far as one can judge ex-
actly, the same purpose underlies this at
tack; Italy is to be subjected to pressure,
conceivably with the hope of dealing her a
decisive blow, but more likely to drive her
to appeal to her allies for aid and thus in
duce a partial and premature attack on
the Western front
Despite the fact that Russia has now
been able to use the port of Archangel for
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-06-11
Vanishing Reserves.

1t is clear that France particularly, but
italy also, will not be as well off as they
could have hoped to be, because they have
had to use reserves of men and munitions
ir the present fighting. But the Germans
and Austrians have in the same way ex-
hausted their reserves to an even greater
extent, and the situation, if it endures for
another month, will not be greatly differ
ent from that which the Allies had hoped
10 see.
But it Is still possible that the French
may weary of their part of the bargain.