davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03
The Secret of Kansas
She Has No Past, Never Looks Back and
Has Won Her Feud with Nature.
BY ARCHER WALL DOUGLAS.

ing. By providing a we'll pulverized top
soil. or mulch" devoid OF capillares
in the shape Of tubes or columns, stops
the upward progress Of the water, ana
IL remains in the soil TO sustain the
plant. Then came the importation OF
drouth resisting plants-the nom
seccharin sorghums-feterita, mllo'
kafr and Sudan grass, from South Az
RIGA. the Sudan and Manchuria, where
centuries Of natural selection and adap-
tation to environment had developed
these grains, first cousins to Indian
corn, into fairly reliable producers,
even under most adverse conditions o.,
Grouth. This year there was planted
in Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas over
one million acres of these sorghums,
and they are yielding fair returns,
wnen Indian corn production has been
more than cut in two by prolonged dry
spells.
Also, there is ALFALFA name 70
ccnjure with-that no drouth de-
stroys, and that comes back" with the
first reviving rains. There are likewise
slos, those great reservoirs of green
food for livestock through the long
winter. When destruction Of the crops
by drouth seems imminent it is still
not too late 10 preserve and impound
them in silos. Nor is irrigation .ack-
ing. for all through the valley OF the
Arkansas there is an "undertow,
where water can be tapped In plenty
at depths Of twenty-five feet ana
greater. Gasoline engines and wind
mills easily raise this water TO the sur
face. SO it has come TO pass that be-
cause of an intelligent agriculture
which adapts itself to climate and con
ditions. commercial life in Kansas
i upon a stable foundation such as i
knew not in the past. The people Oh
Kansas are prosperous as never before,
and not with a passing prosperity. Ihey
have conquered nature 70 the extent
that the lean years no longer leave
them hopeless and helpless. They have
learned the way to bridge over these
cataclysms of nature. There are many
automobiles, savings bank deposits in
crease and business continues good.
For their wellbeing is founded on the
rock of widespread education and an
intelligence and courage which relent-
lessly face facts and accept the chal-
lenge Of fate as their solution.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03
Increase

In view Of the enormous demand for
all grades of iron and steel when may
be attributed largely to the unprece-
denied purchases of shells BY foreign
Governments, it is only natural that the
materials used for strictly domestic
purposes should also jump in price
The rise in equipment costs naturally
has not been so rapid. A comparison
Of the prices now asked for locomotives
and cars with those prevailing before
the outbreak of the European war shows
sone substantial advances, but they are
considerably below the percentages IN
dicated in the greater costs of supplies
Railroad men say that locomotives have
Jumped about 25 per cent in price IN
the last two years.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03

theoretically true. We might long
ago have thought Of it for ourselves,
but we never did THE London
Statist" thinks of it fer US. $50
long as the war lasts" it says, "all
governments needing money will
have 20 apply to New York, for there
is 10 other source of credit open %
them, but the real interest of the
United States is in itself, and ITS
own capital requirements for in
ternal development are unlimited"
Developing this thought, "The
Statist" continues:
The United Kingdom became a great
money issuer, partly because there wa,
no room for the growing population TO
settle The whole of the United King
dom was in the possession Of individ-
uals. and no matter how the population
grew it could not find room at home
Therefore, IT had to betake itself 70
North America, 10 South Africa, to
Australia, and so on. Consequently,
issuing in London was really providing
the surplus population Of the British
Isles with the means of founding homes
abroad. To some extent the same was
true of France, though. unfortunately
for France, one Of the consequences
of the great revolutionary wars was
the falling Off i'm the birth rate. The
regulation. therefore. did not grow suf-
fciently to settle in large numbers
abroad And France, being very
thrifty country, took TO lending TO FOR
eitners because her own people could
not borrow all she saved. In the case
of Germany, saving did not keep pace
with German lending, for Germany
borrowed more than she lent. The sum
and substance of all this is that the
real interest Of the United states is
10 make new homes for the people OF
the United States within the home ter
ritory, and only 10 lend when the homo
people are adequately supplied.
1t is true. We have unlimited use
for our own capital, and could en-
ploy the whole of it more proftably
at home than in foreign countries,
were we determined to DO it, but to
avoid the fate that has overtaken us
we should have had TO adopt theory
Of economic isolation, and that was
practically impossible. We are
launched perforce upon a career Of
international activity in commerce
and finance. That is for good or evil,
as you please. The important fact
is that we have no theory about it,
no vision for it, no means Of protect
ing those rights which naturally flow
from transactions that have been lit
orally thrust upon us. We did not
seek the borrowers. They came to US
for credit. They have already Dor
rowed more than $1,5OO,O00,000 of
goods. Therefore, we have rights in
post-bellum trade which cannot, in
fact, be forfeited. They may be sac
rifced. They are very likely to be if
we 90 on lending to all Corners, max
ing terms only as to the rate of in
terest and the character Of the col
lateral, and waiting to see what will
happen to US when the war is over.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03
SUPPLIES
AT RECORD COSTS
More than 200 Per Cent Advance
in Price of Drills.

Although the railroads of the country
were never before so prosperous their
increased earnings have been accom-
panied by even greater advances in the
prices Of what are commonly termed
railway supplies. Here the question oil
cost has been Of much greater moment
than the increases in the outlays for
equipment.
A classification recently prepared by
the st. Louis & San Francisco Railroad
shows that materials and supplies at
the prices prevailing on March 49,
1916, had advanced $50 per cent over
the 1915 prices. On June the cost OF
these same items. excluding rails, fuel
and ties. had made further advance OF
lOl per cent. or total increase of 65.f
per cent over last year.
The following list of articles and tho
percentages Of increases over 1919
prices were named as octng OF interest
TO maintenance of way officials.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03
unsupported Efficiency.

The Bureau Of Plant Industry IS en-
d, voring 20 improve tobacco by seien'
thc study Of the different brands. 10
eliminate the personal equation ~ J,
smoking and TO secure uniformity =,
conditions, the bureau has 4 csreiu,!
regulated apparatus for testing tns
burning quality Of cigars. The pull
on the cigar is secured by means OF On
aspirator, which is filled by eon'lny
GUS inf of water and emptied =
regular intervals by a slphon. Ins
pull" occurs at intervals OF thirv
seconds and continues for a eriod OF
ten seconds. The apparatus smoAss
four cigars Of the perfecto type |"
about thirty minutes.-rcbaeco.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03
Current

The above rates express the cost OF
foreign money in terms of the Ameri-
can dollar. You buy an English pound
sterling for Si.75i3; the intrinsic par
ity is $4.S65s per pound. THUS, you
say either that pounds are at dis
count or that dollars are at a premium.
which is owing to the fact that IN Eng
land the demand for dollars with which
to settle accounts in this country i.
greater than the demand in this coun-
try for pounds with which to settle
accounts in England.
Ii YOU calculate the cost of tho do!-
lar in terms of foreign money-tha.
is. as if you were buying dollars With
pounds. marks or francs -its value
yesterday and a year rgo would be
about as follows:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03
ST. Louis, August 25.

II is the fortune Of Kansas that 1t
has no past and that its brief span OF
history is but a thing Of yesterday. 50
il is separated by a fixed and impass-
able gulf from all those things which
make up the burden Of the older and
more settled countries of the world;
from the traditions which in every
phase of social, economic and political
life strange development and hamper
proqress; from the blind, unthinking
belief that evils and EMBELLISHMENTS
must always be because they always
have been. and from the acceptance Of
injustice and wrong because they are
supposed to be hallowed and sanctiiied
by time. For the household gods Of the
people of Kansas from the beginning
have been ever those of free speech
and independence in thought. Their
ideals are the elemental dreams and de-
sires of the Puritan and pioneer.
1t is small wonder, therefore, that at
times and oft in the past they strayed
into vagaries and were reckoned as
mere fanatics and impracticable enthu-
siasts by those who did not know and
could not understand. Not so long ago
they were regarded as typical of all
that was unsound in finance, revolu-
tionary in politics and unsafe in eco
Monies. But in all time of their pros
perity. and in all time of their tribula
ton the people of Kansas chung with
deathless grip to the belief that de-
mocracy can live only by constant prog
ress away from the things of dead
mast
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03

Washington, Sept. decreases Of
s20,6O0,OOO in the combined gold re-
serves and Of sI9,7OO,OOO in the aggre-
gate cash reserves of the banks are in
dicated in the weekly bank statement Of
the Federal Reserve Board made public
to-day. Net member bank deposits
show an apparent decrease OF sl7.700,-
900. due. however. mainly 10 the large
increase m the amounts Of Clearing
House exchanges IN course Of collec-
tion reported by the Boston and New
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03
JAPANESE TRADE IN
AUSTRALIA RISING
Specialists We're First Employed
TO Study the Field Intensively.

The closer friendly relations existing
since the war began are bringing Japan
and Australia closer together CONNER
cially. Writing on this subject 70 "The
Sydney Herald" from Toxic, December
4, 1915, Dr. Ingram Bryan says in part:
To be sure Of knowing just what
goods Germany supplied To Australia and
New Zaland. and TO insure salts faction
among importc-5 in those countries. the
japanese government engaged a trade
specialist from Sydney. in the person of
Dir. Alexander Brown, who. since his
arrival in Japan some months ago. has
been devotng himself 10 the duty OF Wis
iting the factories and export firms of
the country. giving lectures on the needs
OF the South Sea regions and nstruet.ng
the Japznose manufacturers and export
ers generally on how 20 meet the wants
Of Australia and neighboring trade fields.
One cannot follow the eourse o. his en-
beavers without being convinced that the
government was wise in adopting this
method Of preparing T. take the place of
Germany in Australasia.
Aside from this. Japan has a regular
line Of steamers 20 Australian ports,
and has established a bank in sydney.
The sale Of japanese goods has very
Increased, and the Aus
tralian wool grower is finding GOOD
market in Japan. The Sydney Herald
OF January 26, 1916, speaking OF Jap
ancse trade, says:
Imports from Japan are stall on the
upgrade. In soft goods made I'D cottons
show the principal increase. These are
imported from H. 90 20 per cent below
the German price before the war Some
trade waS done in Panama hats before
the war. Imports % these from Japan
show heavy additions. fur skins from
Japan are taking the place Of those for
merry bought from Germany. They are
slightly under the German price and
good dca. under the British rate. Elec-
trical accessories are also coming from
Japan. The imports OF all kinds OF
brushwarc have enormously increased.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03
Waiting to See.

1t continues to be a matter of
concern to a limited number Of peo-
pie that we are investing vast sums
of credit in the obligations of for
eign countries, mainly in the loans
of belligerents, with hardly any
thought Of our status in the worlds
trade after the war. Every other
nation with which we shall have to
compete for trade is taking thought
for itself. Economic arrangements
which, whether they are now so in
tended or not, will almost certainly
become prejudicial to the interests
Of the United States are being open
ly perfected. So far as we know,
the American government is not
even aware officially of the post-bel-
lum relations that are likely to re-
suit from the paris Resolutions"
That Canada will bind herself to
preferential arrangements with the
British Empire is a widely adver-
tised fact. That she will in turn
have preference in such markets of
Europe as are controlled by the Eco
nomic Alliance is already stipulated.
The Canadian Trade Commissioners
have been received in Italy, France
and Great Britain; their study of
ways and means to increase Cana
dian trade in Europe after the war
has been facilitated in every pos.
sible manner.
Great Britain is debating the
terms on which the war time trade
shall be carried on between herself
and the United States and between
the United States and all other ned
trails, though American credit and
American goods are vitality indis-
pensible to her. She is placing her
loans in this country and at the same
time adopting measures which will
act as barriers to American trade in
the future. 1t would be stupid to
upbraid Great Britain. Any nation
would do likewise. Foreign trade
thrives by advantage. People do not
know their own advantage when
they possess it need not afterwarl
complain.
There is rising in Europe a feel
ing that the American trader is
getting his now and deserves no con-
sideration hereafter. The thought is
human. One cannot even quarrel
with it. One can only hope that it
will not develop further, as, of
course, it will. Here is "The London
Times" saying that the United
States ought to have taken part IN
the war, and that as she chose
rather the immediate profit Of her
unique economic position she has
certainly forfeited post-bellum
rights which would have been hers
if she had taken upon herself the
burdens and responsibilities of in
reference" That is not reason. 1t
is feeling. But feeling is important
There will be a vast amount of anti
American trade sentiment in Europe
after the war. Why should anyone
consider our post rights when
we do not consider them ourselves?
Our gains from the war have been
prodigious. We have sacrificed moth
inc. That is what Europe will think
Of afterward.
Moreover, it will be said that for
cign trade is essential 20 the econo-
mic survival of Europe, whereas II
is not vital TO US. That will be
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03

Incidents affecting foreign ex-
change from time 70 time VIII at
tract speculative interest TO the Rus
sian securities that are now offering
here-both the regular Russian loan
negotiated in dollars and the Russian
internal war bonds in rubles which
are being imported for sale. There
is a risk in buying the internal war
loans Of any belligerent which does
not exist in the foreign loans Of the
same country; and this needs to be
emphasized, as the average investor
is perhaps not aware Of il and is not
much reminded Of IT, Russia, France,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03
Saturday, September Q, 1916.

The stock market was very strong.
1t recovered in two hours Of the short
session more than it had lost in the
five hours of the preceding session.
That is nothing in itself; but If you
think Of the last week as one which
will be historically distinguished for
a crisis in the political relations be-
tween organized labor and all the
rest Of society, a week in which what
President Wilson called tragic ma
tional calamity, and what Senator
Newlands called a domestic civil war,
was perhaps averted, you will be
struck by the fact that values on the
New York Stock Exchange were not
materially affected. The average of
prices changed hardly at all. Steel
common closed at a rise Of two points
for the week.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03
Adaptation.

Dry farming was one possibility. be-
cause its methods conserve the moist
ure in the soil for the use OF the
plants, instead Of allowing il to De lost
in evaporation. Water comes 10 the
surface by capillary attraction. much as
II the end Of handkerchief be dipped
in bowl of water the whole cloth soon
viii be wet to the top. But dry farm
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03
The Dollar in Foreign Exchange

There were no Developments OF spec
cial interest in the foreign exchange
market Saturday. Rates closed as fol-
lows:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03
U. S. Treasury Finances.

Washington. Sept. The condition
Ct the United States Treasury Al the
close Of business to-day was;
Ne, balance in general fund-S2o9 ,o44.7So
Total ordinary receipts. l,61s,Oo
Total ordinary payments. i,282,2Oo
The deficit this fiscal year is S23,S1s.-
$50, against n deficit Of SO. s.322 last
year. exclusive of Panama Canal and
public debt transactions.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03

Sub-Treasury. - New York banks
gained from the Sub-Treasury $2O6'OOo.
Silver.-Bars in London, 32h pence.
Bars in New York, 67%4 cents. Next
can dollars, 52A a 554 cents.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03
Week

Below is gwen the current exchange
value Of foreign money in dollars and
cents, together with the intrinsic gold
parity as calculated by the United
States Mint:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03
Money and Credit.

The actual condition OF the New
York Clearing House banks on Satur-
day was as follows:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03
s607,402.000
Liabilities.
S6O7,402,000
Total liabilities ........ s6o7,

Gold reserve against net deposit and
note liabilities "a, 6S.4 per cent. Cash
reserve against net deposit and note
liabilities "a, II per cent. Cash re-
serve against net deposit liabilities af-
ter setting aside 40 per cent gold re-
serve against aggregate net liabilities
on Federal Reserve notes in circula-
ton, 7l.9 per cent.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03

York banks. About $780, 900 of gold
was transferred to the Federal Reserve
agents TO reduce the banks IL
abilities on notes issued. The aggre-
gate gold resources Of the system, COM
prsing the amounts of gold held by the
banks and by the agents, stand now at
S52s. 500 900. The week also witnessed
liquidation on "A considerable scale OF
municipal warrants and acceptances.
As q result Of these developments the
reserve position of the banks is some
what stronger than at the end Of the
preceding week.
Total earning assets arc given as
$751; .99s 900 - about S10000,OOO less
than the week before, or 329, as against
Bar per cent of the banks paid-in CAPT
tai.
No changes are shown in the amounts
Of Federal Reserve banknotes IN circu-
lation. Federal Reserve agents report
total of S194,645,0 900, net, of notes is
sued TO the banks, an increase for the
week of Sl4,SO7 900. Against this total
they hold S177,035,O of gold, COM
pared with s163,S34, 900 the week be-
fore. and S17,s42,OOO of paper. The
banks show total Federal Reserve
note circulation of Sl7O,56l 900, an in
crease for the week of S14,2l6,OO0, and
aggregate net liabilities of Sl4,4l6,OOO
upon notes issued to them by the
agents.
The combined resources and liaoili-
tics Of the twelve Federal Reserve
banks September 1 were as follows;
Resources September /, 1916:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03

But if the stock market was in
different to the imminence Of a great
labor struggle, so it was also to
European events susceptible of more
favorable Interpretation. Except for
rise IN the exchange value of the
Russian ruble and, accordingly, in
the price of Russian securities offer
ing on this side, there was little or
no financial reflection of Rumania's
decision 10 enter the war against the
Central Powers. Outside of the for
eign exchange market and a few
Russian and Rumanian securities
there was no sensation about it in
London, either. From this it may
be inferred either that the worlds
markets disagree with the political
opinion that the end Of the war will
be FASTENED with the help Of Ru-
mania, or that they are increasingly
unable to make up their minds as
TO the kind of world il will be when
peace at length is restored.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03

Bank Exchanges.-Th days clear
ngs at New York and other cities:
EVcbapOes Ralances
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03

This extraordinary inherent
strength Of the stock market, after
the liquidation in a few months Of
S2.OO0.OO0,OOO worth Of foreign Sc
curities, is owing greatly, Of course,
lut not altogether, to the availability
of credit at low rates of interest. 1t
is very cheap 70 have and to carry
stocks. II is more profitable to own
stocks than to put ones money out
at interest. But in a large measure
il is owing also to the extraordinary
restraint which has been imposed
upon rash speculation by the finan-
cial groups whose control Of foreign
liquidation and Of international ex-
changes has given them at the same
time an almost undisputed control
over the stock market. A furious
speculation on war profits in rail-
road and industrial shares generally
would have been a calamity. 1t
would have put a fictitious price upon
the American securities with which
Great Britain is paying us off, it
would have used up a vast amount Of
bank credit which, instead, has been
saved for the important and far
reaching business Of accommodating
our foreign customers, who otherwise
would have to stop buying, and it
would have created a condition with
in the Stock Exchange and its en-
virons upon which the events Of the
last week would have fallen with dis
astrous consequences. We should
probably have had panic.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03
of which sS74,4OS,OOO is specie.

The changes from the actual condi-
tion Of the week before were:
Loans and discounts in
creased .................S49.435,ooo
Reserve decreased.......... 22,12t0C0
Demand deposits increased. 42,2170o0
Time deposits decreased.... e,162,Ooo
Circulation increascd..... 248,000
Surplus reserve decreasea.. 2e,567,2 200
This bank statement reflects the set
Elements on account Of the S250,O0O,O00
British collateral loan. for which the
subscribers paid the underwriters in
full on Friday.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03

New York Federal Reserve. - The
condition of the Federal Reserve Bank
Of New York at the close Of business
Friday, September I, compared with the
week before was as follows:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-09-03
Federal Reserve Banks.

72,ee4,So0 6e,S44,soo
Sharp County record., 1916-06-16

Prosecuting Attorney H. A. North
cutt of Salem passed through town
.in his car Wednesday en- route to
Evening Shade, going down after
his wife and little son who have
been visiting relatives there for some
time
It is said that a good road will
certainly b e constructed from
Wirth to Ash Flat, with prospects
of the road being extended on down
to Evening Shade. We certainly
hope this report is true. This old
country will begin to wake p in
earnest when it gets good roads.