Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-05-15
COMPLETEHANs
gE RECLAMATION
OUT AT WAIKIKI
Continued from page Ops)


the proposed street system I'm the re
claimed area. These are submitted
with this report.
Method Of Filling. /.
The most feasible method OF filling
inFyiew of the fact that there is ne
dry material available in the neal
vicinity, seems TO be by dredging
coral from the ocean bottom off the
Waikiki beaches. The situation is
similar TO that in Kewalo, the ocean
being fairly calm except in case OF
kona storms, but the pumping will not
be over such great distances in the
first unit as II was in Kewalo, and
the district is more open. with very
few houses or other obstacles.
Drainage.
Sufficient, even elaborate drainage,
is imperative in this project, as the
maximum procurable final grade will
be very low and sanitation demands
that no water be allowed to stand
about for any length of time. Other.
--wise, we have a situation similar 10
that in the Beachwalk tract, which
was filled in without any drainage be.
ing provided During the heavy rain
fan OF this winter this entire tract
has been inundated for days at time
20 such ali extent that cesspools have
overlooked and fouled the standing
water. In addition TO the heavy rain
fall which is to be expected and for
which drainage must be provided,
channels must also be provided to
take the flow of the four streams
which flow through the first unit. In
order to have data upon which to
work, current meter measurements
were made by THIS department, In con.
junction with the photographic sur.
Vey department, on January 8, of the
three most easterly streams within
the limits of the first unit. The re-
suits were as follows, taking the
streams in order from east to west:
/. 1873 Gu. #. per second or mil
lion gallons per day.
FL 2. No measurable flow.
3. 4O.e Gu. II. per second or &c mills
lion gallons per day.
On January IL the last and most
westerly stream was gagged under
the same conditions, giving a result
OF
4. 26.S Gu IT. per second or IL mil
Non gallons per day.
On January the photographic sur
yey made gaugings of the two
branches Of the Manoa stream as fol-
lows: -,
East branch--1sO million gallons
per day.
y West branch;-s5 million gallons per,
day. -
In addition to the Manoa stream,
the Palolo stream empties into the
swamp There are no measurements
OF this stream. 49,
part OF the discharge OF these
lSeafns % Carried away by the Apua-
l,ehan t0utrigger) and Hamohamo
streams farther TO the east and the
rest BY the four streams within the
limits OF the first unit. From meas
,iftments and observations we know.
that the total storm flow into the sea
from the swamp Is not as great as the
storm flow into the swamp from the
6ntering streams. The explanation of
Lis Is that the ponds, bitches and rice
fields IN the swarnps act as immense
reservoirs or storage basins allowing
the heavy storm flow to spread out
6Ter large area and remain there
llAfis the entrance flow diminishes
and the level Of the streams becomes
lower than the level OF the ponds when
the stored DIP water flows out gradu-
ally.
AS the swamps are reclaimed unit
by Unit these ponds will be filled up
md the storage capacity will de-
crease. resulting in a greater storm
HOW and smaller minimum flow.
The natural course of the streams
Rowing into the swamp is in a wester-
" direction so that as the swamp is
filled unit by rnit the streams will
be met farther and farther to the east
and 1t yiil finally be possible to di-
eieft ~ the streams through the most
easterly outlet. in order to carry
these streams through the first unit
Ne ibfopose 10 provide open rubble
rzlied channels TO empty into the.
nresent sculverts on Kalakaua avenue,
when The reclaimed district is extend.
ca back to the point where all the en-
fering streams may be diverted into
the Hamohamol stream these channels
may be reduced in size and will be
used only TO drain off the rainfall run
off.
Upon the completion of the filling OF
the first unit, the maximum flow at
Kaiakaua avenue may be estimated
roughly at sixty t6O) million gallons.
per day and the minimum flow at
about thirty (50) million gallons per
day. When the whole swamp is re.
claimed the maximum flow to be ex.
pected during the maximum rainfall
viii be one hundred and nineteen
u19l million gallons per day and the
minimum flow will he zero.
As stated above, the streams which
now flow through the swamp will
have been diverted and this flow will
be due TO the rainfall only. Inasmuch
as the natural direction of flow is
away from the mountains and toward
the sea, in the reclamation of this
first unit provision must be made for
carrying off all water, both that which
falls on the first unit and also all
Which viii fall on the sections to be
rnr4a9tued sf a later date. that is