The midland journal., 1916-05-12
SEWAGE DISPOSAL
SYSTEM FOR THE FARM
H. GwINNER,
Maryland Agricultural College Exten-
sion Service.

that the Division of Engineering OF the
Maryland Agricultural College was
preparing plans and details for sew
age disposal system for the average
farm, such system has been put into
working operation and description Of
its construction and operation pre-
pared.
The question may be asked why go
to the expense Of installing such
system on the average farm? In reply
to this, 1t is only necessary to say that
such q system does away with the unr
sanitary and unsightly privy and the
pollution Of the soil and wells due to
the, teaching OF the liquid waste; pro-
ducing typhoid and kindred diseases.
"A properly designed sewage system
discharges only clear water; the solid
matter in general having been con-
sumed by certain mechanical and bac-
terial action In such system. Any
insoluble wastes may be easily re-
moved from the, system at little ex-
pense.
The system in question is designed
to care for ten people and consists OF
two anti-freezing hoppers or toilets.
about two hundred and sixty feet OF
six-inch vitri1ed sewer pipe and
dark, air-tight concrete tank; this lat
ter being known as septic tank. The
water for flushing the toilets and the
system when necessary is carried to
the spot By q three-Quarter inch gal
!, vanized pipe from the college main.
Az the toilets are used in an out
house, which has no heat, they are
made frost proof or anti-freezing.
This desirable arrangement IL brought
about by the water storage tank over
the hopper or toilet being Alled while
the hopper is being used and It dushes
automatically Immediately the seat OF
The hopper rises.
The excreta or sewage, after leaving
the toilets, Is conveyed through the
six-inch pipe to the septic tank. This
pipe was laid In carefully graded
ditch, and owing to the lay of the land
ewo grades were necessary; eight feet
being on 10 per cent grade and one
hundred and twenty feet was laid on
GM per cent grade.
The septic tank. which receives the
sewage, IL made Of mixture Of one
part OF cement, two parts Of sand and
four partsof gravel. The top. sides and
ends and bottom were reinforced with
steel rods. The tank has two com
partments or chambers; one Of which
Is the settling section and the other
the discharge section. The sewage
ID discharged into, settled and paru-
ally purified In the settling chamber.
It slowly seeps around the bafde
boards over the concrete partition
wan into the discharge chamber and
whom sufficient has collected In this
chamber, It Is intermittingly dis
eharged from this chamber by an auto
matte siphon.
This septic tank has capacity to
take care Of the hushings of forty gal
ions per person and to discharge at
intervals between twelve and twenty
tour hours. There is no advantage in
having tank larger than necessary to
properly perform the work, for then
the LIQUID sewage remains too long
and putrefaction is likely to occur. II
the siphon fails to discharge during
the proper working periods. owing to
not having received sufficient sewage,
dush sufacient water through the toll
sts TO make it do so.
The most dificult portion Of the
system to construct was the septic
tank. owing to the steel reinforcing
DDS. The forming was Of pine. one
hch stun, six inches wide and dressed
both sides, while the bracing was two
by four stun. The top Of the tank II
not separate from the sides, but is
nodded with the sides and ends. Time
consumed In completing tank by three
laborers. carpenter and helper was
four and cne-half days and the cost,
complete, was $82.10.
Anyone desiring more detailed in
formation relative to the design, cost,
details Of construction of the system
and blue print drawings of the tank,
may obtain same by communicating
with the Extension Service. Maryland
Agricultural College, College Park. Nd
synopsis OF Cost OF System.
Plumbing, including two anti
freezing Kemp toilets. ......$ 1855
Two hundred and sixty feet of
six-inch sewer tile in place. 51.4C
semitic tank complete. ........ s21C
mechanics. overseeing time.... $500
Total .$218. II
To this should be added the amount
which would have to be paid sur
veyor and assistant. 1t requires about
two hours to run the proper lines By
these two men.