Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1916-09-08

zzxaS1 though the people along IL uau
not much to lose. The pinch Of
suffering is very real even it, as in the Balkans,
folk have grown used to it. There are TWO pain
marks by which you may recognize the path OF
war in a land of farmers. The one is the charred
village. with its whirewashed stone walls black
ened ty fire. The other is the presence here and
there in the plowed fields of three poles fastened
together at the top. and from the crotch baby
suspended just high enough to battle inquistiye
dogs goats Somewhere in the field. anywhere
in the Balkan valleys in May you will see one
woman driving or leading bullock buffalo.
while another behind her holds the pow. The
men are in the army-or else they were there
The memory I shall longest hold Of Montenegro
is picture taken by my guide. Antonio Reinwein.
Of this land of stony graves of the resoute people
Of the limestone crags who have never done hon.
age to the Turks to any other outside power.
1t will be remembered that all these Balkan folk
we're for years under the dominion OF the Turk
and that none of them have been free for half &
century. The Turk was most acceptable when he
asleep. When he was awake, he had his own
ideas of Union and Progress" Union meant uni
formity. nation should have ruler, one flag.
one religion. language. Progress was his way
Of bringing about this condition. This was by mas
scarce. And the actual Turks were few in num-
Der ruling over an empire of Siavs, Greeks. Ital-
ians, Jews, Armenians. Albanians. Hurds Egyp-
tians, Moors and Arabs, ii demanded eternal Wig
lance to keep them all in state of union and
progress
These people have had constantly before them
the choice CT revolt conversion. assimilation. ban
ishment and massacre And at time
other some of each race have chosen each OF
these often two three of them at once. Mean
while, following the wicked lead of Bismarck and
Disrael Europe has kept the Turk alive. because
from hnanciers in each nation. the Ottoman sultan
has borrowed considerable of money.
Macedonia lies along the southern slopes Of the
Roll min Stlo iS 81
chains of rounded mountains, with green valleys
and swift streams in physical conditions not I'M
like the south of France. Ii has $4,000 square
miles of territory is about large as the state OF
Maine with population nearly two-thirds that
of the city of New York. and before the OF
liberation it had about 100000 people. The ma
jority of these were Bulgarian in blood and they
were SLOWED to have their own churches and
schools
AS TO the campaigns which have desolated
Macedonia in the last few years we need say only
a word The history of the two Balkan wars is
given with accuracy and justice in the monumental
report Of the Balkan commission OF the Carnegie
endowment a document of especial value in any
study Of the conditions preceding the third Bal
kan war" which today has set the world in flames
The first Balkan was altruistic as far as
any war can DE. Its purpose was the relief OF
distressed people suffering for centuries from the
iaxities of Turkish rule. always incompetent ana
everywhere unscrupulous, and the other hand
continuously overrun by the outlaw patriots which
kept the land in incesSant turmoil.
The Balkan alliance was Russian inspiration
II was planned by HartSig Russian minister Mt
Belgrade ~the evil genius of the Balkans IL
ended in the treaty OF London. where the blind tn
termeddng OF the powers bafied by Austrian In
trirue agreed only on the kingdom of Aibanis.
leaving the states to fight il out so far as Mace
,lonia was concerned This brought on the second
Balkan war in which Bulgarian diplomacy made
all the mistakes il had chance To make
The treaty Of Bucharest left Macedonia crossed