The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1916-01-20
PERSIA'S OLD CAPITAL
TEHERAN A ClTYTHAT HAS SEEN
MANY vlCISSlTUDEs.
Now the Center of Warning Interests
That Threaten Its Very Existence
Mot an Especially Healthy
Place in Summer Months.

Place in Summer Months.
The capital of a small buffer state
between three clashing empires, the
English, Russian and Ottoman empire.
Teheran in recent years, and more es-
pecially since the outbreak of the
great war, has had an importance
thrust upon it of most embarrassing
kind, begins war primer of the Ma
tional Geographic society. Geograph-
ically of greater interest to each of the
groups of contending powers than any
other neutral capital, Persian Teheran
Is experiencing insuperable difficulties
in keeping its destiny clear of those OF
the warning giants around it.
Teheran, according to the Persian,
is very beautiful but the praise OF
his country's capital is seldom sup
ported unreservedly by the western
er; for he finds the Persian city of
Shiraz far more beautiful and Is
fahan the peer of the residence. The
capital lies 70 miles south OF the
Caspian sea. on plateau of coarse
sand and gravel, which is fringed by
low, distant hills, and, to the north,
by some higher mountains. Mount
Damavand is the key to the city's
setting, towering in the northeast to
magnificent crest of 1900 feet high.
To the southwark stretch level lands.
which lose themselves in waste and
desert.
The East and West meet and mingle
as oil and water in the shahs metropo-
lis. Teheran is. of course. purely
Oriental city, but like all eastern cen
tiers of importance, il has suffered
such encroachments from the West as
street cars, telegraphs, gas lighting
and severely dyed and tailored
clothes for men. 1t is backward in its
development and uneven in its i'm
provement. Its Boulevard des Ambas-
sadeurs is more or less of splendid
thoroughfare and it is lined with a Eu-
ropean type of shops, two good hotels
and a number of fine native palaces, 1t
has one of the largest military parade
grounds in the world-550 by $50 yards
roughly paved with strewn cobble
stones.
The modern city is not so very old,
as 1t came into existence less than
700 years ago, about the time that
ancient Ragha, the crumbling suburb
TO the south, began to sink into oh.
livion. Ragha, known in the time of
Alexander the Great as Ragae. was
the birthplace of Harun al-Rashid, and
at one time the golden capital OF
Parthia. In the days of it's supremacy
it was as vain ard rich and SNOWY as
stored Hamadan, the pride of earliest
Persia, the city of seven walls in seven
colors, with palaces wrought in gold
and silver and fresCoed with precious
stones. Modern Teheran is the in.
heritor of the traditions and the pride
of Ragae and of Hamadan and of the
ancient honors of Pasargadae and Per.
sepolis. With the rise of Teheran,
Media regained the place that 1t lost
to Persia in the time of Cyrus.
Anarchy has ruled within the CAPT
tai in way more or less pronounced
during the last several years, and
the people of the city have accom-.
plished little toward its moderniza.
ton and development of its impor-
lance as place of commerce and
manufacture. There is an important
caravan trade, which passes through
Ieheran toward the Russian borders,
and a certain manufacture of cot
ton, linen. carpets, shoes and iron
products. It's business is enough 10
give support to a population OF about
10000, in which are included about
coo Europeans.
The climate OF TeneIan is not a
favorable one and especially are the
summers unhealthy, when all of the
people who can get away 90 to the
foothills IN the north. Writing in
1886, Persian gives pathetic
summary of Teheran summer. He
says that the air was too hot and even
smelly, that the water was heavy and
unwholosome and, in short, everything
so bad that the Angel OF Death ran
away from It, But. then. this author
wrote shortly after a fearful cholera
plague had passed over the city. The
nearby contrast Of the cool summer
gardens in the foothills, likely, has
conspired to give the Teheran summer
bad standing,