davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Prescott daily news., 1916-02-22
SOIL AND SOIL FERTILITY.
No. 4. Farm Drainaoe.
by De F. Hungerford, Assistant Az. ronomist, University of Arkansas.

by De F. Hungerford, Assistant Az.
 ronomlst, University of Arkansas.
 The question of retaining the swampy lands of this state has been occupying the attention of lawmakers. farmers and business men for many years. Several important drainage districts have been organized and pro- posed which, when completed. will change hundreds of square miles of land that is now unproductive into the most productive land in the South. These are well known facts and no one attempts to pelittle or deny the value of such reclamation projects in increasing the states re- sources. It IS not so well known however, that the yield on thousands or acres of land that is now being farmed could be greatly increased by adequate drainage Almost every farm has some land that is too wet Tor the highest crop production. Too much water is as injurious to crops as not enough. Many farmers realize that parts of their farm do not pro duce as much as would be expected. but they fail to recognize that the trouble may be due to poor drainage
 How Drainage Benefits the Soil.
 Drainage enables the plant roots to penetrate into the soil The plant roots will not penetrate soil that Is saturated with water so if the sub soil is too wet all the plant food that 1t contains is unavailable. When crops are planted on poorly drained land the root systems are shallow. When a drought comes the surface dries out quickly and the crop suffers In well-drained soil, on the other hand the roots go down deeper into the sub-soil which dries out more slowly and the crop is able to resist temporary drought.
 A well drained soil warns up quick. CT in the spring because the heat rom the sun is not used up in evapo- rating surplus water Crops can therefore be planted sooner which is an important point in a region of summer droughts Where land is well dralned it is possible to cultivate quickly after every rain thereby de. stroying weeds while they are young.
 The physical condition of soils is much improved by drainage. This IS due partly to the fact that the surface dries out rapidly thus promoting gran ulation ant partly to the deep roofing and more abu ia growth of plants.
The Prescott daily news., 1916-02-22

Drainage induces better aeration be- cause as the water drains down into the sub-soil air is drawn down to take it's place. The air thus drawn into the soil helps make plant food availa- ble, promotes the growth of beneficial humus and destroys toxic substances or poisons that may exist there
 Drainage With Open Ditches.
 Open ditches provide the best means of drainage where large volumes Of water are to be taken care of as in the reclamation of large swampy areas. They can also be used to ad- vantage when it is necessary to pro vide an outlet for water in small depression. Open ditches can be con- structed more cheaply than under ground drainage systems, but are less permanent and must be frequently re. paired. They are unsightly, occupy land that could otherwise be used for growing crops. and, as usually con- structed, provide a place for weeds.
 When it is necessary to use open ditches for financial and other req sons, they should be constructed with wide sloping banks gotten into sod so they can be moved for hay and to keep down the weeds. A good form of open ditch is the dead" furrow. This is adapted to land that is nearly fiat. The field is plowed in narrow beds with deep dead" furrow be. tween the higher intervening spaces
 Tile Drainage.
 The drainage of farm land can be obtained most efficiently and perma. nently by means of tile laid under ground. Two kinds of tile are in use clay and concrete. Clay tile is used more extensively, being usually cheaper and more easl4y handled Concrete tile is satisfactory, however, f it can be obtained as cheaply For 0aking concrete tile a rich proportion If cement and good sand should DC lsed and they should be mixed as wet IS is practicable. The proper depth Tor laying the tile varies with the tex, ure of the soil and the distance the lines are apart. The depth usually varies from two to two and a half eet being laid shallow in clay soils and deeper in sandy land
The Prescott daily news., 1916-02-22
FAMILY AVOIDS
 SERIOUS SICKNESS
By Being Constantly Supplied With
 Thedfords Black k-Draught.

McDuff, Var suffered for several years," says Mrs. ]. B. Whitaker, oi this place, "with sick headache, and stomach trouble.
 Ten years ago friend told me to try Thedford'S Black-Draught, which l did, and found it to be the best family medi- zine for young and old.
 keep Black -Draught on hand all the time now, and when my children feel a little bad, they ask me for dose, and it does them more good than any medicine they ever tried.
 We never have a long spell of sick ness in our family, since we commenced using Black-Draught."
 Thedford's Black-Draught is purely vegetable, and has been found to regI late weak StomaChs, aid digestion, re- .ieve indigestion, collie, wind, nausea, headache, sick stomach, and similar symptoms.
 It has been in constant use for more than 70 years, and has benefited more han million people.
 Your druggist sells and recommends Back-Draught. Price only 25c. Get a Rackage to-day. NC ,2s
The Prescott daily news., 1916-02-22
TAX COLLECTORS NOTICE

Beginning Monday February la| 1916, I will meet the property ownai of Nevada County at the varpu places below noted for the purpose 2 collecting taxes for the year lsl0' " tax payers are requested to bring ha last tax receipt:
 Falcon, Alabama, Tuesday, feD'f| ary p, P. NJ. Falcon, Alabama, "Wednesday, f@1 ruary 29.
 Fuller's Store, Parker, Thuisda| February 24, A. M. Bodcaw, Parker, Thursday, fs@3| ary 24, P. M. Bodcaw, Parker, Friday, FeOra'q| 25, A. M.
 Sutton, Albany, Saturday, FeOra'' 26.
 Laneburg, Albany, Monday fs'''1 ary 28. Emmet, Emmet, Tuesday feOi'"' 29. Boughton, Boughton, Wedne'''' March l. ,,.4 Prescott, Missouri Thursday M'' 2 to Saturday, April 70. |, <. After April 10th the books VIII rs \, itively be closed. All tax payers ,,. x do not pay their taxes on or na p \ the above date will te compen'l, ,.s pay the penalty as prescribed ps "
 Sam E. Mum,
 Sheriff and Collec'0'
The Prescott daily news., 1916-02-22
Soils and Soil
 Fertility
Eight Studies in Fundamental
 Agriculture.
EDITORS NOTE.


 The Extension Division of the Uni Verslty of Arkansas. in cooperation "Iln the United States Department or Asflcuiture, will offer this year, through this paper, a free correspond- ehce course in Soils and Soil Fertil- 4ty; consisting of eight lessons or ar tiCIes' Those who wish to take rils us course should write to the D!rector of Extension Work. Univer- sity or Arkansas. Fayetteville, stating name age, occupation and stating that ne . tor she) proposes to carry the work enIoush Tor the eight lessons. A farm CTS bulletin will be sent to supple Iilleht lesson No. 1. and later for each IeSson 1T the question blank be return b SI Tor the preceding lesson. These Dpiahhs Will be sent with each bulletin. Ilecedlng lessons will be sent on re- Quest. The lessons on Soil and Soil Fer poLiIy VIII consist of the following: CD OOrlglns and Functions of Soil (2) How 11iants Feed and Grow. C3 Tillage. (D DDralnage, (5( Organic Matter. GO Crop G f.Ota atioh' (O Barnyard Manure, (S) commercial Fertilizers.
The Prescott daily news., 1916-02-22
Orcharding and
 Gardening
Eight Studies in Handling the or
 chard and Garden.
EnITnR.S NOTE.

W.z4
 The Extension Division of the ohi- versity of Arkansas, in co-opefa.io, z with the United States Department oi Agriculture. will offer this yea i' through this paper, free corresponu- ence course in "Orcharding and 1al dening," consisting of four lessons IT. each subject. These lessons will appSai in this paper at intervals of six weeks. Those who wish to take this course should write to the Director Of the hA tension Division of the University oI Arkansas, at Fayetteville. stating name. age, occupation, and stato ing that he tor she) proposes e carry the work through for the eis.e iessons. A farmers bulletin VIII p. sent to supplement lesson No. l, anu later for each lesson, If the question plank be returned for the preceulIs lesson. These blanks will be sent Wl.n LII each bulletin. Preceding lessons WI Wlli De sent on request. The lessons on UT chard, Orchard Management, liar NestlnG and Marketing" and Fighting Insects and Diseases"
The Prescott daily news., 1916-02-22

times each year for scab. bitter rot. codling moth. etc. In order to have the desired effect the spraying must be done at the proper time. Often days difference in time makes n big diffrence in the results obtained. so promptness as well as thoroughness counts in the spraying business. The thing that appeals to every orchardist, however, is that by doing the work thoroughly and promptly he can grow a crop of fruit that is a credit to any section.
The Prescott daily news., 1916-02-22

The News is authorized :.
 Bob Meador as a candido.so .o anaoa. Assessor of Nevada C@'stee Cuate for mary. Deihocratr \,
 The News is authorized to
 A.. A. A. (Gus.) Woodul of AIb.aaaIn rU aanoaa ship as a candidate for Traloany hnI of Nevada County. snh;oaae lax Assess tion of the Democrat! !ert c to the K The News is authorized dpt to nnafy. na Ross Buchanan, of BouplSutosua lu saaeas ship as a candidate for sasOn a tsN Nevada county, subIect to assses'of ss Of the Democratic party. " 'ne a'S
 The News is authorized to o.. l; ;. (bud) Ursery, of Boupbtaosna asasas Q \ ship, as a candidate for issOn AsDsn tan Nevada county, subject to 'ssSsesse sS of the Democratic party. " 'ne a'
 The News is authorized to m J. w: Erwin, of Albany touUsnin w anainoqu| candidate for Assessor "aSn,p of county, subject to the action NeV Democratic party. 0" 0 a
 The News is authorized to o. w. M. Grain, of Parker town o stla0aas| ol; candidate for Assc sor fSip of I Ip a5 county, subject to thc act;or fl, Nena| Ns Democratic party. 'D u t|
 The News is authorized to .n Enoch P. Hale, of M souri tovn.sa| ar,Yoals| as a candidate for Tax Asses.nss e"asal 3 Nevada county, subject to tbe bt''vs sssa of the Democratic primary. '' ''a' For Coroner.
 The News is authorized to a,n,.. Dr. W. w. Rice of Missouri uvas touwa as a candidate for coroner of NIT N,s9 County, subject to the action s's W, K Democratic party. VI f
 The News is authorized to arn,.. Dr. C. F. Nelms of Albany. .s tov,.S as a candidate for Coroner of Nsssi County, subject to the action 's ot \ Democratic primary. For Justice of the Peace (Mss,
 Township.) N
 The News IS authorized to snnoms J. A. Nelson as a candidate for Ju,,s of the Peace of Missouri tovnsL, subject to the action of the Dar,, cratic Primary. March 29. 1916. For Constable Missouri Township
 The News is authorized to annou. Fred (Ox) Murrah as candidate {, Constable of Missouri Township sVI ject to the action of the Democna primary. For Road Overseer (Missouri Twp)-
 The News is authorized to annou,, Jim Ward as a candidate for Ru Overseer of MBissouri Township, sI ject to the action of the Democss primary.
 The News is authorized to annoua J. F.. Horne as a candidate for Ru Overseer of Missouri; township, sd ject to the action of the Democrit primary.
 The News is authorized to annoail R. F.. Stricklin as a candidate Road Overseer of Missouri TownAl subject to the action of the Dem cratic Primary.
 The News is authorized to annoul A. C.. Stuart as a candidate f Road Overseer of Missouri Townshl subject to the action of the Den cratic Primary.
 For County Surveyor
 The News is authorized to annOaa Tom Lavender as a candidate for " veyor of Nevada couty. subject tou action of the Democratic primary
The Prescott daily news., 1916-02-22
For County Surveyor

The News is authorized to annOaas Tom Lavender as a candidate for Sr1 veyor of Nevada couty. subject to in action of the Democratic primary
The Prescott daily news., 1916-02-22
FARMERS FOR PROHIBITION.

The Farmers National congress, as- sembled fin Omaha for it's thirty-ffth annual meeting, proclaimed the prohi- bition principles of the farmers of the country in the following message to the Nebraska dry convention then in session at Lincoln:
 The Farmers National congress has for many years been on record as opposed to the legslizing of the liquor sraMc. Our sympathies and efforts are with the convention for a dry Nc Hasite and dry nation"
The Prescott daily news., 1916-02-22
ANNOUNCEMENTS
For Chancery Judge:

The News is authorized to announce NJ. E. Sanderson, of Texarkana, as a candidate for Chancery Judge, of the 9th Chancery District of Arkansas, subject to the action of the Democrat ic primary.
The Prescott daily news., 1916-02-22
For Sheriff.
For Tax Asses

For Tax Assessor
 The News is authorized to announce Henry B. Allmand, of Albany town ship, as candidate for Tax Assessor of Nevada County, subject to the ac tlon of the Democratic primary.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1916-12-11
ADMITS BEING BURGLAR
TO AVOID SUSPICION

name, when her husband fed. fearing
suspicion would fall on him. The
slain woman was once Mrs. Harry w.
Fisher, wife Of New York haber-
dasher. DeWeese married her after
they eloped to Reno, Nevada, where
Mrs. Fisher obtained a divorce from
Fisher.
The motive that led DeWeese to
make his strange confession is a
mystery.
II knew it was only question of
time until my wife would be ideni-
fed. ! wanted to clear myself of all
suspicion" said DeWeese in explain
ing his action in giving himself pE.
81 did not kill my wife. But l did
not propose to go through life under
the suspicion Of murder. / would
have been suspected as soon as the
identity of my wife was established.
'T expect to go to prison for burg,
larry when my alibf Of the murder
charge is proven. But l am resigned.
am willing to serve the sentence.
DeWeese talks like an educated
man. He says he has robbed houses
of many wealthy persons whose
names are household words from
coast to coast. He processes to have
been following the trails OF the un.
derworld ever since the tragedy, in
an effort to track down mis- wife's
murderer.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1916-12-11
FRANCE TO FOLLOW SUIT
WITH SMALLER CABINET

traversing tragic events; it is not
when the truth Is known, the legisla-
ture, it will be seen, has seconded.
not hindered governmental action.
Then why is authority lacking?
Because we have used peace-tiIne
methods, instead of doing what we
should have done-what more than
ever we must do-and that is to con-
centrate direction and assure vigor-
Gus prosecution of the war"
The senator concludes with the
declaration that France needs few
men, but men of less talk and more
action: with a concentration of gov
ernmental authority like that OF
which England has just given US an
example"
I'VE must follow that example" the
article concludes. THE present
premier has not failed to display all
qualities necessary in facing the
heavy responsibilities of the present
hour It will suffice to have him
adopt war methods. France demands
a spirit of decision, OF firmness and
of courageous acts. Fortune has new
er smiled on any but men who were
energetic and audacious.'
Cheron is an accurate barometer
of public opinion in the present gov
ernmental situation. This spirit OF
France will undoubtedly find ex-
preston shortly in acts paralleling
England's recent decision.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1916-12-11
JURYS VERDICT
AGAINST JONES
lis Not Entitled to 100000
Damages From Detective
in AK Murder SANDER
Case.
OUT TWENTY-FIVE HOURS
Jones Was Accused by WlIkerson Of
Backing Murder Of Eight
People at vlIIisca,
Iowa.
OUT TWENTY-FIVE HOURS

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service ]
RED OAK. Iowa, Dec. 11.-After
taking fifteen ballots and deliberat-
ing twenty-five hours, a jury here at
1890 a. M, brought in verdict de-
claring Senator F. +. Jones is not
entitled to damages in his 100000
sIander suit against Burns Detective
J. F. Wilkerson. The detective had
accused Jones of backing the ak
murder of Joe Moore, a business COM
petitor, and seven others in Moore's
home in Villisca, June 9, 1912. -
Shortly before the jury decided in
favor of Wilkerson, they. asked Judge
Rockafellow whether this would be
an Indictment of Jones for the AK
murders. They were told they should
not consider this question at all.
AS Jones was fighting to clear his
name of the taint of suspicion, it is
believed he will appeal from the
jury's verdict.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1916-12-11

| UNITED Press Leased Wire Service ]
NEW YORK, Dec. 1I.-'I am going
tc drive the Americans out of Mexico
or make them fight"
This is the declaration Of Francisco
Villa as reported in an interview print
ed by the New York Evening World
today. Thorkel Flood Mortensen, the
interviewer, says he went to Villas
Headquarters at Quinta Luz, the Sec
ond day of the occupation Of the city
of Chihuahua.
''Do you know the mayor of FL
Paso?' Villa asked. do you know
what he did? Chased my wife out of
the country like a common peon wo-
man Of the street and took her dia-
monds and rings away from her. Tell
that fellow that If he were man he
would come down and fight with me
and not fight with woman who is a
stranger in his country. I know him;
he is an avocado for the cientificos
and Hipolitome Hermano (Villat
brohter)-did not the north Ameri-
cans try to murder him?
"Dc you know Pershing? Persning
is violating the sacred rights OF Mex
leo and has got to get out. I will show
them, POGO tempo, that they cannot
violate Mexico's rights
do you know Wilson? F.! was his
friend. T liked him, but at Aqua
Prieta he turned traitor to me and the
cause ! represented and helped Car
ranza-the bad man Of Mexico. Is
there any wonder that chase the AM
ericans out of Mexico?'
Asked what he intended to do, he
replied:
Drive them out or make them FIGHT
and after they are gone I will make a
gap between the two countries SO wide
and deep that no Americana will ever
he able to steal Mexican land, gold or
OIL"
"Generar' Villa was asked:
"How could you make the daring
attack on Colonel Slocum's forces at
Cplumb bus and get away across the big
piains?"
Easy" Villa answered. II was
Nawake: they were sleeping and it took
them too long to wake up"
You must have had many men,
"Yes. I had about 300.'
The interviewer said he was careful
not to ask Villa about his injured foot,
on the advices Of General Salazar,
with whom he first talked and also by
the same generals advices, not to con-
tradict Villa in any way. Villas foot
is still stiff, he said, though the wound
he received in the battle of Guerreo
has healed.
Protocol Not Signed.
LAREDO. Texas, Dec. 1.-The
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1916-12-11
ABNORMAL GROWTH
OF THE CITIES
People Leaving Farms by the
Thousands is One Reason
for High Cost Of
Living.
SOUTHERN CONG r E. S S
Enormous Profits to America on Ac-
count of European. War, Told
by Government
Official.
SOUTHERN CONG r E S S

rUnited Press Leased W1re Serv1ce-J
NORFOLK, Va, Dec. 11.-Abnorm-
al growth Of urban population es-
pecially through migration from rur-
al districts cityward Is one OF the
most fruitful causes" Of the h1gh
cost of living, according to Joseph IL.
Ransdall. who addressed the opening g
sessions of the southern commerclal
congress which opened here today,
Ransden said emigration of farm
ers to Canada also Is one or the un.
DERIVING causes Of soaring food
prices.
"The increasing drift of population
from the country to the city IN the
United States should cause very ser
ious thought" said Ransdell In
1880, 7O.5 per cent Of the population
of the United States lived in rural
communities, in 1900 only 17.9 Per
cent lived in communities. Between
1900 and 1910, the urban population
increased 11.013,73s or 34.s per cent.
while the rural population increased
4,963,953, or 11.2 per cent. In SIX
states, New Harupshife, Vermont
Ohio, Indiana, Iowa and missouri.
there was an actual decrease In rural
population and the New England
states as a whole showed a decrease.
1t is very interesting fact not
generally known that the south Is
mighty balance wheel for the nation.
AS stated only 53,7 per cent OF the
population are rural dWellers- Inls
is especially the average in the west.
But in the north and east the per
cent is only Al per cent. II 1t were
not for the south with its II per cent
of country people. the average Ior
the nation would be greatly changed
and prices might now be even h1sn'
er than they are.
at is well worthy OF noting that
the south's actual rural increase IN
the last decade was much greater
than the urban and in this vast, fer
tile southern region. with its large
numbers of food producers lies the
nations strongest hope for solving
the high cost of living
This nation must be ready after
the war to stand by as Samson and
good Samaratin in its good relations
to the world Comptroller OF Currency
Williams told.
It must be strong burt nragnantmo GUS.
He showed that the United States
has sold, at liberal profits over nine
billion worth of products, has loaned
the belligerents $2,O0O,O00,ooo at full
interest, has brought back S2,00O,00o,-
900 Of our securities held abroad
while giving snly about s40,ooo,o00 in
relief.
'In the two years and four months
since the war started he said, the
total production of wealth in the
United States has probably averaged
$35. 900 ,OOO, 900 a year, or $4,000, ,000.-
600 for the period of which we have
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1916-12-11
british CABINET
OF FIVE men
Two Of These Are Without
Portfolio, Leaving But Three
as Real Head of the
Government.
FOR PUBLIC ECONOMY
All the Nations vleor Is to be 81.
rected at Preparing to
Win the War Next
Next Spring.
FOR PUBLIC ECONOMY

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service ]
LONDON, Dec. H. England's 8
every resource is to be turned into
the war. Every luxury is to be cut
off. Every activity turned into the
serious business OF fighting Moth
ing could be clearer than this decis-
sion In the p,lblic's belief after an
nouncement of David Lloyd-George's
new cabinet today and consideration
OF preliminary measures to be enact
The little Welshman becomes prac-
tically dictator of England. Asso-
ciated with him in the war council''
are Earl Curzon, who will be govern
ment leader in the house of lord;
Andrew Bonar Law who will be lead
er in the house OF commons; Arthur
Henderson and Lord Miner. ministers
without portfolio. Because Curzon
and Law will be largely occupied with
their duties In the two houses. the
war council really narrows down to
IA permanent membership of three
men-and two of these, Miner and
Henderson, are without other tasks
than that of members of the war
council. They are left entirely free
IN order to prosecute the war. with
Lloyd George.
Thus the government forces are
aligned for efficiency.
This new government also plans e.
ficiency through reforms as to pub
lie economy.
It is believed practically certain
that Lloyd Georges regime will in.
clude absolute prohibition of spirits
throughout Great Britain with severe
restrictions on beer and wine. Fur.
ther manufacture of spurious liquors
will be forbidden.
One OF the Lloyd-G Georges new 'de.
partment heads" is a food controller
Lord Devonport. His appointment
it is new post-was taken to
presage issuance of institution Of all
the internal economies in connection
with the nations food supply neces-
sary to reduce waste. Meatless days
each week are expected.
Forecast also In the new govern
ment's ideas of unremitting rein
vigorated conduct of the war, are the
cutting off OF all unnecessary lux
uries in private life and concentra-
ton upon only necessary work.
All the nations vigor is to be d.
rected at preparing for the spring
drive and in this winters operations.
Primarily Lloyd-George's recon
struction of government is a recon-
struction along business lines. Busi-
ness men, now in politics, bulk large
ly in his advisory board. Such busi-
ness man is Lord Devonport, who has
been manager Of the port of London,
and who now becomes food controller.
Among the other twenty-eight de
partment heads" in the new lineup
are these business men: Baron Rhond-
da. made president Of the local gov