News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1916-02-02

nations in settling the present war must
be coupled with a guaranty of freedom
of the seas.
The expression has reference to the
use of the oceaa as highway of COM
merce and to the arbitrary restriction
of it's free use. AS matter of fact,
however. absolute freedom of the seas
does not exist, as that would imply a
right of the ships of all nations or
even of pirates to roam the seas at
pleasure, Independent of all law
whereas in reality certain principles of
international law apply even to the
high seas. The expression freedom
of the seas has grown out of attempts
at different times to define the rights
of belligere3ts and neutials in this re-
gard, and its meaning is not altogether
! definite.
A contends that Greece and Servia
fought against Bulgaria. c contends
that Greece, Servia and Roumania
fought against Bulgaria. Which is
right?
Both are. Greece and Servia first
attacked Bulgaria after the first Bal
kan war. Then a little later, when
Roumania saw that Bulgaria was in
difficulties, she, too, attacked Bulgaria.
Is Abyssinia an English dependency?
No; the agreement of Dec. 81, 1906,
between England, France and Italy
cannot be construed as making Abys-
sinia a dependency of any of the sig
natories.
What was the origin of the most ia
nous phrase in LincoIn's Gettysburg
address-"government of the people, by
the people and for the people?
In 1850 Theodore Parker. addressing
an antislavery convention at Boston,
spoke of the American idea as "a gov
eminent of all the people. by all the
people, for all the people" Twenty
years before in the course of the reply
to Hayne. Daniel Webster voiced the
same thought. THE peoples govern !
ment, made for the people. made by ,
the people and answerable to the peo-
pie" is the form in which he express
ed it. /
Still earlier the germ of the historic
phrase can be found in William Wirt's
Life of Patrick Henry" published in
1918. In describing the political tenets
Of the Republican party, of which JEFF
ferson became the leader, he said,
"They declared themselves
firm advocates of a government of the
people, by the people," ETC.
Will you kindly give me the defini-
ton of the word nationality" A claims
it is the country of which you are a
citizen, regardless of your place of
birth. B claims it is tie country of
your birth, regardless OF the country
you owe allegiance to.
The word nationality" designates the
nation to which man belongs, but
when man whose birth and racial
affiliations are in one country adopts
the citizenship of another the word
becomes ambiguous. Its original mean.
ing contains the idea of both birth and
allegiance. The Century Dictionary
defines the word as follows: Nation
ality-The fact of being Il member of {
particular nation; relationship by birth
and race to a particular nationals the t
nationalitr of an IMMIGRANT" The a
word is also used in the sense of ma !
tionalism.' Fiske speaks of the lin Z
-ense sentiment of nationality" devel- =
)ped by the Jews of ancient times,
the devotion and strong at
achment to their nation or country. \
What is the age of the emperor of
Austria, and how long has he reigned7
think that | have read that he is the
'idest king or emperor in the world. 81
Emperor Francis Joseph of Austria
vas born Aug IS, 1890, so was eighty E
i've years old on Aug. IS last. He was
rowned emperor of Austria in 1915. r
When eighteen years old, and has
eigned as such for sixty-seven years. "
When what is called the dual constitu-
ion was adopted in 1867 he became | al
ing of Hungary. The emperor is the
ldest monarch now reigning in the h
7orld. h,
Readers of this paper should al p