davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-06-11

Chicago captured t--e Republican Con- vention for that year and pitted an- other war hero, James A. Garfield, against Hancock after thirty-six bal lots. Garfield became the Chief Mag istrate, being elected by a large ma jority.
 At the Democratic Convention of 1884, held in Chicago, Grover Cleve- land was chosen despite the opposition of Tammany. Shortly before the nom- ination of Cleveland the Republicans had met in the Windy City and se- lected James G. Blaine. At this Con- vention an important rule was adopt ed excluding all officeholders as mem- bers of the National Committee and for allowing more freedom in the se- lection of delegates to future Con- ventions.
 Woman's Rights
 During this year there was a split in the Prohibition party and they held two Conventions, one at Chicago and the other at Pittsburgh, putting two nominees in the field. Women's Rights also bobbed up, and this party held a National Convention at San Fran cisco, nominating Mrs. Belva A. Lock wood for President. Grover Cleveland became President.
 The doings of the later Conventio-S. are so recent and so well known thsAS they do not need repetition here.
 Baltimore leads as to the number of National Conventions. having seven teen to her honor. Chicago has had twelve. St. Louis comes next wittz sse. Other cities honored by one or more are Harrisburg, Columbus, Indianap- oils, New York, Buffalo, Cincinnati, Minneapolis and Kansas City,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-06-11
How Presidents Were Nominated Before Conven- tions Were Invented, and How These Meetings Have Grown In the Number of Delegates Baltimore the Favorite Convention
 City of the Early Days.

A UR National Conventions for the & M nomination of Presidential can @ 8 didates are to a certain extent " an evolution. In the early days of our history, under the Constitution, candidates were selected by the prom inent men of the respective parties through :. cuses at which there were no delegAl $ or representatives from the rank and file of the parties. These nominations were, as a rule, made by the members of the National Congress "a custom which may account for the fact that Baltimore was the city where most of the candidates were named.
 During the first three campaigns after the Constitution was adopted there were neither conventions, nom nations nor platforms. Then, begin ming in 1900, seven elections followed In which there were no conventions or platforms. The nominations were made in very informal fashion by caucus of Congressional representa- tives of each party. Under this sys- tenn King Caucus grew up, the party nominated it's candidates, made it's policy and was the whole organization. The people back home grew restless under the system. They noted that a little group of Virginia aristocracy managed to control the Presidency most of the time, electing Washing ton, Jefferson, Madison and Monroe, only letting the office of Chief Execu- tive get away from Virginia once dur ing thlrty-two years, at which time John Adams served as Chief Magis- trate. The election of John Quincy Adams came as a shock. Andrew
 Jackson received more than three votes to every two cast for Adams, but as neither had a majority in the electoral college the election was
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-06-11

thrown into the House and Adams was chosen. In 1928 Jackson and Adams were again candidates and Jackson won. The caucus mode of nominating was regarded as unsatisfactory and hardly in accord with the spirit of our institutions, and the people took step toward popularizing the cleo tion and as a result they invented the National Convention.
 First National Convention
 In 1881 the first National Conven- tion was held at Baltimore. This was known as the Anti Masonic Conven- tion--a movement against Freema- sorry which began in 1926. The Con- vention was held at the Athenaeum. This was in September, and three months later the National Republican Convention convened in the same building and nominated Henry Clay for President. The party had no plat form.
 The National Democratic Conven- tion met at the Atheneaum in May, 1892, when Andrew Jackson was se- lected as the Moses of the party. It was at this Convention that the rule was adopted by the Democratic party that to nominate @ candidate two- thirds of the Convention must sup port him. This was the begin ming of the two-thirds rule which has governed all subsequent Demo- cratic Conventions in making nom- nations. Jackson was elected, and when the Convention of 1886 came on he dictated the nomina- tion of the former President Mar tin Van Buren, who won at the elec- tion. There was no real platform adopted but a declaration of the things the party stood for as accepted
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-06-11

the MeXicans were fighting among themselves again and civil war seemed imminent Santa Anna came into prominence again and declared himself the Perpetual Dictator. This was in 1853. The dictatorship ended in August, 1855, when he was com pelled to fee to Cuba.
 Juarcz
 Benito Juarez, an Indian belonging to the Zapoteca tribe. came into prom thence in Mexico by reform politics" Unquestionably he was one of the most remarkable men Mexico has ever produced. He knew Mexican politics perhaps better than any of his pre- decessors and his reform began with the Church. consequently, the acts kf Carranza along these lines show tHlt history is merely repeating itself. IIt is said that Juarez "nationalized" church property to the value of s20,- 000.000. Th's brought on another civil war, and as usual left the coun- try poorer than ever.
 The nationalizing of church prop erty was quickly followed up by decree suspending for two years pay ment on all foreign debts. The na- tional debt at that time amounted to about s10,000,O00. divided between England. Spain and France. The debt was all founded upon usurious or fraudulent contracts, and when payment was suspended the creditor nations broke with Mexico and Ma poleon III of France proceeded to carry out plan whereby he could secure triumph over Juarez. At his request conference of the cred itor nations was held in London which resulted in decision of the creditors
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-06-11
I1G SE2~222L2S 2
 Cz1zo12SGpec @z@@
 xTol1z2 A1 NII<C~2Zl2[> For More Than a Century the Country South of the Rio Grande Has Been a Source of Trouble Tothe us. Through Its Internal Revolutions andDifficul- ties With This and Other Lands.
 
Copyright, 1916, by The International
 Syndicate.

Syndicate.
 - DIE discordant, almost anarchis- tic, condition in Mexico for the
 lasttfew years has been source M~ of much embarrassme to the Wilson administration, as well as af- irding the occasion of much diversity
 opinion among the American peo- ,ie as what that administration should do toward correcting the disgraceful scenes being enacted in that bandit ridden country.
 The United States was the first country to recognize the independence of Mexico in 1922, and she resolved to secure recognition for the country by the European powers as well.
 The independence of Mexico did not bring peace to that land. for one ruler succeeded another in rapid succession, always with more or less bloodshed. Of all the Mexican schemers the one best known to the United States is Santa Anna, who was the leader in our war with Mexico. This man seems to have been of the Huerta type. and confirmed trouble maker both at home and abroad.
 Texas Part
 Texas socn began to play a part in Mexican history, and in 1880 the forty thousand white residents of Texas . found themselves being tyrannized over by the Mexican Government. >itizens of the United States were not
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-06-11

:;; :;: E: !; $ = ] i; ; ; ::
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10
Rye Production
of Nation Grows

WASHINGTON - the tcuicuc, I'm
the last few year, tuNard thc spread
OF rye culture ,u tine United State,
ha, led the dcparmcn, ot agriculture
to Issue Il treatise ON the subject which
ha, Just been published and Is being
distributed to farmer, asking for H.
The United States last wear produced
ITS record crop Of rye. harvesting 20
100000 AMERICAN production is only
J percent Of the world production
he department experts point ont thar
there are many excellent reasons fot
growing rye ON the farm even Though
in most localities II is less profitable
as gram crop than wheat, Ryc i,
harder and can, therefore be grown
as winter grain IN cold exposed
places II viii to well on SANDY, poor
OF acid land and may be sown later
than wheat II /, attacked by fewer
insects and disease. than wheat. pro.
ducc' q valuable straw rrIurcs les,
fertilizer. and he,ug earlier d, better "a.
q forage rrop In some section, pro.
duCtlou value per acre from r,r. actual
| " exceed, that ot Whca. lh, Wa.
true IN the lvc-ycar period IRON iplC
To lpll m South Olrolua Nlabamt
Texas, Minnesota. North Dakota and
South Dakota
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10
PASTOR AND WIFE
MAKE INCOME DO
Stated Lite on Small Income, ALWAYS
Watching Out toI
Sales


I''N NNFlli' t' "a. .' "...'
ht, ou - yr,. Dr.. AL a.,aaut, 90
Oh, he. and Nh. p,ul ,,..fVIu of
,..s r.t. .,......I
'.' ". .''
I'' on '''' income d .'.'.' '''.' ''''"
month ag. and NN declared the
other rr,r, chat .Fr. IE, .rrl ,hr
.,......r. ..........,, .,......,..s.
'0' even a'.""r i.' q ."..'' '' ". ''N'.
week .r >+na y,ar. "uic 'H.
also p,., rrN,. ., their financial PC.
source, ro 'hr church
Urea, rrtrrr., na, Lrru manifested
in ,,r,nu. mart. ni ihr .unn,r, u the
determination of N, ,ounp couple o.
. Dos, and be- raup. ou the .alar hr rr
,.r,c. a. ra.tur a, ,hr IH,au Height
/ church in Scott avenue a, ogan Street
Nfcr, the minister who {, ~ and his
hrrd,. ~ make their home
we have had letter, OF inquiry IRON
All part, of m, United ~,ate,. sa,d
the Young divine. SHOWING the great
i,.trrc,, taken m the economic problem,
which VIC are solving 90 urr own sat.
i-iActon
The secret ur success ,n living ON
our income D, eternal vigilance And
We see no reason. after irving IT "a
month. why our plaa should not work
out permanently
"Of course. II d, possible other, would
not be cup,cn'el to 1--we A, We do. bu,
yr have all that We want ur need
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10
REPRESENTATIVE 400 SALES.
1000 Qualify as
Reserve Officers

WASHINGTON - Approximately
1000 men throughout the country have
already qualified for commissions ~
the officers reserve corps OF the army.
recently created by congress. he act
provides that the corps Shall be an Mn
limited reservoir from which m time
oi war will be drawn the necessary ad-
diuonal officers Tor the regular drmN
aud those for all volunteer regiments
that may be authorized
Army officials arc well pleased with
the progrcS, made in TN vital step
toward adequate national defense. Il j.
expected that within another year near
" $4,000 officers will have been ac-
cepted and commissioned ready Tor
immediate active duty should the need
stise
The officers reserve corps, as dis
tinct from the reserve officers training
eorpS. also newly created, was de
signed by congress to furnish within the
shortest possible time a great body ol
men whose ability 10 lead troops IN the
field had been tested and approved and
who would he under definite obligations
a. rcSpond instantly to call to the
eolors. Every man must pass an exam
ina,ion before a board OF army officer
In which his knowledge oi military the
ory and practice is tested When he
mas been commissioned, the reserve of
ficer keeps the commander OF the mil
i,ary department in which he lives IN.
formed of his movements, ready tol
mobilization
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10
WANTED, BIDS AND PROPOSALS
In Answering Ads. Please Mention Tlme-.
NOTICE
FOU BIDS For CONSTRUCTION OF
SCHOOL BUILDING

NOTICE
FOU BIDS For CONSTRUCTION OF
SCHOOL BUILDING
Notice IN hereby given That on tho gard
dnl of November, 1916, at the hour ~
~ q clock n. IN Mt the office Of the coun-
u clark OF Oklahoma county In the court
hou-s In Oklahoma CITY said county, the
board OF county commissioners Of Okla.
hunn county, okla, VIII receive sealed
bIds for the construction uf u school
building 10 be constructed under the Sep.
arnto school Laws ~ the state ot OK.
hhomn same 20 he constructed accord
Ing to plans and specifications now on
fiIc In the office uf said County Clerk
OF said County aforesaid. where same
may he Inspected and examined, and
thai each bid must he accompanied hy
certified check for 10 percent ~ such
hid, and To be for the use Of OkRhuml
county, N such bid be accepted and such
bidder fails or refuses TO enter into 3,
contract therefor, and give bond IN such
smoun, ms may he fixed by said Board
Of County Commissioners, for the faith.
ful performance of said contract Bond
te be approved by tho Board Of County
Commissioners.
Hoard reserves tho rish, to reject any
and all bids.
Raid building to be constructed and
completed to turn luny Job not later than
March ist, 1917
County Clerk Oklahoma County. OKLA.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10
LIVE pPOOl

LRERPOOL. Nov 10 }'~rO \ .spd,.
steady; good mddling ! SD ffiiddiing
LED low middlng | 2td Sales 5000
including ! 600 for speculation and export.
Receipts 1900. futures quiet aud steady
nov ~ l7iZd: Nov Dec II 72Ld, Dec 70
Jan, II 30; Jan -Feb.. II 36Ad Feb Mar.
] iod March-Aprll II SD; April Mny
II i2d Nsy-June l5l|sd: June-July
lla'ad. July II 5bd Aug Sept.
! 2Sl; Sept Oct, 10 79d; Oct.-Nrv l0s7d;
Soy Dec 10 SD
Total forwarded 20 mills IS 00o bales
OF which 5000 were Americans Il IN
check e2l 0OO. American AS5.000, imports
9S.O0o, American ~ n0o. exports 1000.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10
CHICAGO,

ruIrNGO, 40, 10 noes. Ec''p ..
'u N0.. slow UNCHANGED 10 Be- unG'r ''.-
f,rdu''n average Bulk. fA2it3 So llFHl
l,NuugAr. mixed. s. laFllu@ heavy
g. lpllOo.. rouru. 81 louoa, PICS. s. b
..sla CATTLE UcruuD-. '.ooo steady
uuuyc beet cattle. ill"rl2oi. western
.r,pr.. lGruHlolp. .lorhrrs lui t".d'lr.
81 SOFAS 100. COWS and hc't'rs. $500 H't',
.yr.t,.. g. J".il1up. SlIlIi Ilc". ''e
10 900. strong Wrih'rs. 't.tHH' '.''.
lamb. yN ism ! 90
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10
Negro Deserts
Three Children

Extreme neglect oi and cruelty 70
children as well as animals form part
oi the investigation, OF \ J Vance
humane officer This morning he be
gun proceedings before the county pro
baton officer to have thre, small ncgrn
children declared dependents, tie
found them IN destitute condition a,
IA West Choctaw avenue They hal
been deserted hy their father and their
mother is feeble minded
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10
Rocks on Streets
Cause Complaints

Enforcement oi the city ordinance
prohibiting spilling construction mate
rails ON streets is to be rigid 1t was
announced at the police station this
morning Two complaints were filed
charging the J H. Schoiield company
and DolcSc Brothers company with
scattering crushed stone on the streets.
Many complaints have been made by
automobile owners that the life OF tires
is shortened 10y running over sharp
rocks
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10

n yuu have not received new ,ele-
phone Jrok call cashiers office, PIX.
-." and d copy will be forwarded to
Nuu Ad,
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10
C0NVICTS PAID
FOR 0VERTASKS
Maryland Prisoners Earn $4,000 EItrJ
Money During One
Year,

BALTIMORE - Inmate, OF the
Maryland pcnitentary will earn for
themselves $50,OOO this year by over
tasks This was announced by Warden
Iohn + Leonard The statement was a
surprise to many CrimlnologiSts and
wardeuS who were opposed to contract
labor IN prisons
When Warden Leonard stated further
that the convicN in the pcntcutiary
were being taught to read and write.
tha, they had organized a military or
gaui1atlpn. a band and an orchestra, he
vas vigorously applaudcd
III We arc going tu make normal men
ul our prisoners We must provide ueCcN
,ary relaxation and recreation SaIu
Warden Leonard "l encourage the
prisoners to produce their own enter
talnmcuts. More than 900 men have
musical instruments IN the Maryland
pcultcn,iary, and those who do no.
know how to play are instructed BY ou
expert musician
Are Given Military Drill.
-Four hundred men are organized in
drill squad, oiiiccred by competent in.
mates and every Sunday morning they
are put through the regular manual o
arms and calisIhcnir exercises The,
are uniformed, have state and natloua
colnrS and are escorted To the drill
grounds by the band
u lind that one ut the very FIRST re
qulSlteS to good prison management
and especially TO any reform work, Is {,
make the prisoners feel they are getting
a square deal Without this a,moS
pherc everything else would fail
Prisoners are not coddlcd at TN,
Maryland pcnltentlary They are treat
ed as men who should have ,quar,
deal Fifty percent OF them attcn,
school, many oi them hc,ng lie tern
mcu
Prison Self Supporting.
he contract system IN our prlso,
does three things highly desirable, /
not absolutely essential to good man
apcmcnt. namely !, provides work TO
every man confined IN tho prison /
makes the prisoner and the prison sci
supporting. |, gives the best opportun
ily for prisoners TO earn something lo
| themselves and families"
| Warden Leonard pointed uut lha
striped uniform, had been abolished
that no heads were shaved. and that IN
rule of silence had oas,,d out
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10

organization and | pay : cents week
for TIN, protection
THAT makes a total Of $40 week
ior "a, both. leaving 10 cents, which We
r'hcr bank or put into some permanent
household necessity"
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10

Women now work m all but iorty-
four OF the lOO trades enumerated in
rnr United States.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10

G. HOGS When buyers had fully agreed
on STEADY market. but u few minutes
were necessary to weigh the modest cfop
Ia this division todBN All told around
!. zoo head made up the Friday offering.
o,mlity OF which was fair Hest butch
ers aud hofcrs nvcraging httle better
than 800 pounds sold NJ 81 % as top ana
bulk sold At 50 80 q a4SJ
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10

n you nave not received a new tclc
phone book call cashier, office, PIN
zoo. and copy will be forwarded to
you.-Adv
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10

The kind ul laundtc.,c, who do the
hest sort ut work are The ono, who
a.k lOr places through the Want Ads.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10
6TeIHEkTRES
Overholser.

Overh oIser.
with he magic Of n epectaculsr New
York success still strong upon IT, Fair
and Warmer viii come to the Overhol-
ser thcater three nights beginn ng sun
day. November 10, and matinee Tuesday.
when SelwNn and company vii. present
this most daz2ling and ludicrnus OF the
Avery iiopvood roynl line ot farCes, with
an excellent cast of farceurs.
Fair md Warmer made one of those
successes along Broadway that run up
the standard TO rail- later attractions.
Empress.
II is difficult IN speaking OF this pic
ture 70 restrain the enthusiastic praise
which n deserves says the Motion Pic
turc News of The Storm" Lasky- Par
amount feature At the Empress today
and saturday with Blanche Sweet and
Theodore Roberts The plctu- Is almost
without Il flaw, II has n dchshful hui
man story with plenty Of suspense well
acted and splendldly produced 80 Jos ph
Belmont aud Ora Catew In Dollars and
S,ns,.' keystone comedy. complete the
hLll Lenore Ilich comes SUNDAY In
IAo Intrigue
Lyrie.Iss0
Reports from the ISSh a. that the
four ,9aagy''c , 4c'F %.sy,gs Unusual ,Sn
3aoSSSio 81, %ai h5Sn ,',S"f H. A%naSsr sTsS%
the htll Playing In the rathe pictures
Be- the worlds most beautiful woman,
Mime Lima CRvlierR, supported by Lu-
Glen NuratOrc and u careful picked
cest IN the fve-act feature Shadows
Of Her ils''
Folly
f,,I t4 hf,n n.
from the Partagcs Circuit APT AZ at the
Folly TODAY IN connect on with 'Th,
paWnshoD," Charlie Chaplins latest com
"dy masterpiece aud "FRntomhs. de
tvctiyr series story In two reels SpiSs'l
Brother, and Mack. novelty actohatc,
carrying special scenery; the tlvin'
Lumys and lilliar. u trickster constitut,
the vaudeville Offering Tho hl' u con
ceded 10 he the strongest tho Folly ha'
presented this season.
Liberty.
Three ~ Kind" sparkling coined,
set to music is the Douthitt Wilson Mu
steal Comedy Players offering NJ the Lib
rrty today aud tomorrow together Will
/ two hlfh.Class vaudeville aCt--Ttm an,
/ Mar on pca. singing, talking and dsrc!n,
! team and the -Four NuldSrcs u big tim
singing, dancing and cycling novelty
/ Four shows are to hc presented SNurd1l
! ir order 20 care for the crowds
Majestic
The scarlet CHASTITY feature stnr
| nj the underworld and For Love nm
. Gold" western drama with comedies
I make an excellent program TODAY To
morrow IN, popular "Girl From Frisco
story Manifest interest IS bee NJ show
I on the new FIRST run chapter play ".
I Lass ~ the l.umherlauds. Which tea
/ lures daring Helen Holmes, aud start
next sunday A free coupon fot Monds
/ shows H. I'm TODAY Times
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10
REPRESENTATIVE CATTLE SALES.


n. Vy' r, So ~ pT SO Wt ~
spo oo pIo 90 o.. SO 90
100 y 10 10 D.. $50 81,
1000 G. "a 'S'' So 80" D.. 500 80
l.Il'o %
sssc,- go , "a So b 20
40 ~ j.. fsOt5, O.. $50 d. o.,t
Native Steers
se.I2?isn :. az $40 - los' $50
A.. 81, IS r. 700 u 90
Native Bulls
I.iIIo 5.e5 D.. SO 10 l..'-'p go
,..iiS0 40 l..llOO D %
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1916-11-10
rpress


the bill Playing In the rathe pictures
be- the worlds most beautiful woman
Mime Lima Cavliera, supported by Lu-
Glen Muratorc and "a careful picked
cnst I'm the flve-act feature Shadows
OF Her FAST
The Monticellonian. [volume] (Monticello, Ark.) 1870-1920, 1916-12-28
SAUSAGES WITHOUT MEAT J.
German Is Said to Have Discovered
Wonderful Method of Making
Great Staple.

The sausage manufacturing districts
like Gotha. Brunswick and Thuringia
ire greatly excited by discovery of
Herr Carl Hustler of Brunswick. Hus=
ter has taken out patent for the
manufacture Of sadSageS without meat
OF taf. The sausage of the past has
reached Il price which places it beyond
HE reach of the poorer citizens, and
Herr iIaster-his name will 90 down
10 sterity-fHrnishes an article fair
" we'll within the range ri everybody.
We are not told the ingredients of the
new Wurst-that is Herr busters Sc
cret, but we are informed that It will
keep for an indefinite time. aud has
the property that it can be spread on
bread like butter or jam.
The official organ of the German
butchers says that the new sausage is
epoch#making that il deserves the rec
ognition of the public, and that it has
always received the warm eneemiums
of the military authorities, who have
passed If for the use of the troops
London Chronicle.