davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-01-30

a class Of both officers and men will
qualify as aviators or as mechani-
Clans. The instruction will be thor
ough in every respect and plenty Of
hard work and strict attention to
business will be required Of the men.
The least deviation from the path of
sobriety means dismissal from the
class. Tho course includes instruc-
ton In machinery, motors and all their
appurtenances, such as carburetors,
radiators, magnetos, etc. There is also
a complete course in assembling and
adjusting the various parts Of ma
chimes, how to take them apart for
packing, how to stow them away on
shipboard and how to re-assemble
them when the destination is reached.
Aside from the mechanical work
there is a series of text book instruc-
ton and special examinations at in
tervals of a few weeks when the an
swers to questions must be written
out. Hydroplanes are used almost
exclusively, although a small dirigible
now under construction at Hartford,
Connecticut, will be sent to Pensacola
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-01-30

the affairs Of Bulgaria himself and q
series of incidents occurred which
plunged that country into q war with
.seryia and ended in the abdication Of
Prince Alexander.
The Grand Council met once more,
and this time elected Waldemar OF
Denmark as the ruler, but the prince
refused the honor. It was next Of
fered to King Carol Of Roumania, but
he, too, refused to serve. Plots and
counter-plots crept In, and 1t became
imperative that a ruler for Bulgaria
should be found at once, 80 q com
mittee was sent out to examine the
royal cadets OF Europe. While almost
in despair Of finding the proper man
n of tho committee dropped into .
circus in Vienna whore he met .
friend who declared he knew the
man for the position and as a
result the present king, then Prince
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-01-30

for experimental purposes.
The enlisted men at the school Will
be trained both as mechanicians and
as a%vIators. Very frequently their
work will be to assist the man who
drives the aeroplano by locating GER
tain spots by the aid Of glasses or IN
photographing certain places or In
mapping the country, marking spots
where troops are located, or to act
as pilots on some occasion.
To Be Built BY Government.
1t Is expected that most of tho ma
chimes to be provided for the navy
will be built by the Government and
several are already under construc-
ton In Washington navy yard. other
yards will begin their work later, one
of the machines planned by Navai
Constructor Richardson provides Tor
an aircraft with a load carrying ca
pacity OF six thousand pounds with a
speed Of from fifty to eighty miles
The navy has recently purchased nve
Burgess-D Dunn machines, two OF when
are in commission and three are IN
the process Of building. There are
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-01-30
How the Navy Is Train
Ing Men oMa ntheA Air
ships Which Are To Be
Ready To Protect Our
Coasts From Foreign
Foe : One Of the First
Steps Toward Prepar-
edness.
copyripht lola nv The InternotionoI
Copyright, 1915, by The International
Syndicate.

AHE airship has demonstrated its
prime Importance during the
present European war both as
~ a fighting craft and EYE of the
sky" Battles have been won through
information obtained by the aviation
corps, and in several instances the
men flying through the air have d.
rected the line Of fire so successfully
as to rout tho enemy. Battles, too,
have been lost owing to the lack of
aircraft, for according to the report
Of the Aero Club of America the
Russians lost Warsaw as much be-
cause Of their lack Of aircraft and Of
competent air pilots as from the
shortness Of ammunition.
Millions VII Be Spent.
The Government of the United
States is availing itself of many les
sons which are being taught by the
war in Europe, and the value of avia-
ton is one of them. The next year
is likely to see some rapid advance
ment in this science by the flying
corps Of both the army and navy.
It is expected that the Navy Depart
ment will spend $4,000. 10000 on
aeronautics during the coming year,
and $4,000, 10000 within the next five
years IL the present plans are ap-
proved. A number of naval aircraft
stations will DO established along the
coast, all Of which will be equipped
with the most modern type of sea-
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-01-30
Zne orzna cazneaTW
20 5a<Y
Ferdinand of SAKE coburg-a otha. was
selected.

Ferdinand of Sake Coburg-G otha, vas
selected.
Ferdinand Elected Ruler.
on August 14th, 1887, he took the
oath of office, The son Of Q dis
tinguished Austrian, his mother.
Princess clementine, was the daugh-
ter of King Louis Philippe. He was
twenty-six years of age. and while
possessed Of ample means he knew lit
tie Of the people he was to rule.
wife and Children.
The Prime Minister Stambuloff.
knowing the danger Of the ~assassin's
bullet for the Prince. repeatedly urged
him to marry and found q dynasty.
Accordingly. In 1898 he married the
Princess Marie Louise Of Parma, a
member OF tho Bourbon family. The
father Of the Princess had consented
to tho marriage only on condition that
the children OF the Union should be
brought UP us Roman Catholics. A
year later q son was born and received
the ancient name Of Boris. The great
est enthusiasm prevailed over the birth
Of the heir. and O year after the dy-
nasty was further strengthened by the
birth Of another son, Cyril. Two
daughters were born later. True to
his promise, the King had Boris bap-
tized q Catholic but shortly thereafter
the little Prince was rebaptized into the
Orthodox Greek Church. This was
done to please Russia, and was one
of tho first evidences Of Ferdlnand's
efforts 10 curry favor with the Land
Of the Bear. All Catholic Europe was
furious, and the Princess actually left
her royal husband for q time. But
Ferdinand had pleased the Gar. The
Sultan named him Prince Of the Bull
gars, and the Powers agreed to give
him the throne. Ever since that time
this ruler, TO use q common express
sion. "has played both ends against
the middle" and has had the eyes
Of the world centered on his actions
many times. The Princess died on
January 81, 1893, the day after the
birth Of her daughter. the Princess
Nadejda.
Nine years later Ferdinand married
Princess Elenore Of Reuss-K ostritz-
an estimable lady who has made a
fine impression through her service
with the Red Gross. Just before the
outbreak Of the present war the Queen
was preparing for q visit to this copn-
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-01-30

plane such as would make a surprise
attack by a foreign nation impossible.
Our men in these machines could
scour the air for hundreds OF miles
along the coast and at all times be In
touch with their bases by wireless
telephone.
OF course, 1t will be necessary to
have competent men to man the ma
chimes, and with this end in view an
aviation school has been opened by
the navy at the old navy yard at Pen
sacola, Florida, where an aeronautic
station was set up about two years
ago. The first class was assembled
on July LIST, 1915, and the work of
the men has been most gratifying to
the Department. Another class will
be made up during the winter, which
will consist Of eight line officers, two
marine corps officers, twenty enlisted
men of the navy. and about eight
marines,
Cause of Training.
The course of training is to extend
over a period of nine months, and
every three months 1t is expected that
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-01-30

try, but when tho war camc on she
abandoned tho trip. Today she is as,
sisting in Red Cross work in Bull
garia.
ShrcwdncSs.
King Ferdinand is said to have inT
herited his shrewdness from his
mother, who taught him the game of
politics early in life. Ambitious to
the last degree. she practically forced
her son to accept the offer Of the Bull
g~arlans. She had been told by q for
tune teller that although she had
come into the world tho daughter of
an uncrowned king she would leave 1t
the mother OF a crowned king" and
believing this she SGT about teaching
him all the i~ntricacles Of diplomacy.
Tho Princess Clementine, however,
died one year before the prophecy
was fulfilled, as It was not until 1908
that Ferdinand was proclaimed King
ofAthe Bulgars. All through his reign
he has demonstrated that he Is a past
master in the art Of intrigue common
ly known as diplomacy, and has
earned the name Of "the Fox OF, the
Balkans"
Army.
Military service is universal and
compulsory. Mohammedans are ex-
empt but are compelled to pay a tax.
Service In the ranks begins at the age
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-01-30

ways on tho watch when flights are
being made. From this point the
watcher is able to detect tho slightest
mishap to n machine. Happily, &c
cidents have been few, although hun
dreds OF flights have been made. Last
year a series of manoouvres were held
when the aviators did scout work and
proved that an aeroplane Is tho worst
enemy of tho deadly submarine. It
is a much swifter craft than tho under
sea boat and after sighting tho latter
1t can give warning OF Its position
before the submarine can get out Of
the way. Bomb dropping has also been
tried out with success. This test wps
made by placing small targets on tho
water and dropping bombs upon
them.
Experiments,
Tho North Carolina Is tho station
ship. She recently returned from duty
In tho Mediterranean waters and has
been designated by the Department as
the aeronautic ship and tho homo Of
tho aviation corps. The vessel has
been equipped with two a~eroplano
hoisting cranes and extensive oxperi-
ments Will be made to find out the
most practical way Of holsting aero
planes on and Off Of ships. A cata-
putt or aeroplane launching device
which was tried out with moro or less
success from a coal barge has been
installed on board the North Caro-
lima. Recently tho cruiser went out
to sea for the purpose of testing the
apparatus and two successful aero
plano flights were made by Its aid
from the decks of n battlcship.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-01-30

thus freed were mainly peasants with
little knowledge of the art Of govern
ment and for u time the Russians al
things to suit themselves. Then came
the Assembly of Notables in accord
ance with the Berlin Treaty Of 1879.
which passed the Constitution and
elected Prince Alexander Of Batten-
burg as the reigning prince. This
young man, who was but twenty-five
years Of age. had been living in re-
tirement at Potsdam. Heat first hes
itated to accept the honor thrust upon
him but finally, after some persuasion
on the part Of his relatives, accepted.
Being q nephew Of Gar Alexander II.
he was acceptable to the Russians.
His reign for the FIRST two years was
comparatively easy, for being a SOL
der he soon won the people. but after
the death Of his royal uncle the new
Gear Alexander III. attempted to run
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-01-30
cavalry is said to be a splendid BODY
Of fins horsemen.
Az2aSN0I9~

cavalry is said to be a splendid body
Of fine horsemen.
People and Country,
The great mass Of Bulgarians are
engaged in tliling the soil and they
know little Of politics. When called
out to fight they go at IT as a business
and aght until they. win or are wound
ed or killed, The majority Of them are
fatalists and II wounded they take ~
as the fortune OF war and suffer with
a stoiclsrn which auses the American
surgeon to marvel at their fortitude.
The Bulgarian peasant has few COM
forts as comforts go In America, but
both sexes seem to be satisfied 70
live roughly so they have enough ~
eat. There was little real poverty unf
til after tho last war with Servia, but
even this Is not great. Poverty in our
sense Of the word does not exist. Tho
women love gay colors, stripes runs
ming around Instead Of lengthwise heF
ing the favorite style. They often
wear strings Of coins In their hair or
around their necks. While by no
means beautiful. they are such we'll
formed, sturdy women that they AZ
tract ones attention.
Sonia Is the capltal-the center aot
tho political and intellectual life Of
the country. Here the King lives when
he is at home. Two-thirds OF hisstini6
Is spent even when in Bulgaria at one
OF his country places, the natives Do
clare, in fear Of assassination Lite
has always been cheap In the BAL
kans. especially where oficials no
concerned, and their ''ramovalA caufta
no more excitement than an autpmo-
bile accident on crowded street IA
the United States. Before the Wor
the King made many visits TO Nipn41
and Paris, where hcFspent large sums
Of money In entertaining. There y
little to be seen In Sofia except tho
Cathedral and the House OF PaflIo
ment, which costs over $86Q.QoQ.
There Is practically no society exolnt
where politics are concerned.
Nearly forty per cent Of the cpunt
try's area Is cultivated, Of which
th~ree-fourths are devoted to raising
wheat, corn and batley+a fact which
may help Germany In it, food supply.
y lAf ~ 4'4HTtE WI.NI "I4 |II."
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-01-30

also several Curtis flying boats. doing
excellent service ut Pensacola. Other
machines which have been ordered
by the Navy Department arc being
constructed ut manufacturing plants
under tho direction of some Of the
naval officers of tho flying corps.
The experiment with the dirigihle
is entirely new to tho navy flying
corps, and 1t is believed that Its In
PRODUCTION into the service is duo to
tho favorable reports made by our
aviation experts who have been study
ing the work Of tho zeppelins during
the present war.
Ideal Spot.
Pensacola is an ideal spot for the
aviation school. First, 1t Is always
delightfully."- warm and the flying men
can 70 into the air almost every day
in the year and find "all sorts Of air.
second, because Pensacola Is or tho
beaten track and few visitors will
come to watch the work. Even II they
do come to Pensacola the ride to the
aviation station is by no means pleas
ant, as one must travel on dirty, rick
ETY. old street cars, crossing oven moro
rickety bridges. and then wade in the
sand for fifteen minutes before reach
ing the entrance. So. 1t is not likely
that the aviators will be troubled with
many tourists.
Tent hangers have been set up on
the beach and permanent ones will
.be erected later. There is a sloping
sandy beach where long wooden run
ners have been made for tho ma
chimes. AT the far end of the hangers
is q tower whore an observer is al
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-01-30

heroes. Later on the Russians in
vaded the country and the Bulgarlans
were compelled to ask aid of the
Greeks, afterwards coming under the
rule Of the Grecian Empire. The
country next fell under Servian sway,
and finally at the close Of the four
tenth century the Turks made their
appearance and from that time until
1877 Bulgaria was part of the Sui
tan's dominion.
Freed by Russia.
Their freedom from Turkish rule
brought about by the Russian in
vasion OF the Ottoman Empire at that
time. While the motive of the Rus
slams in freeing Bulgaria may not have
been wholly d~isinterested the fact re-
mains that had 1t not been for the
Cars army Bulgaria might still be
ruled by Turkish officials. The people
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1916-01-30
Short Sketch Of Ger
manys' Balkan Ally
Personality Of the King
Known As I"The Fox Of.
the Balkans, and Of
the People He Rules.
Copyright, 1916, by The International
Syndicate.


liver since the start Of the World
War all ayes have been conferred
on the Balkan States-Greece,
~ Roumania and Bulgaria, and
especially after the Turks threw their
fortunes on the side Of the Germans
and after the Allies had started. with
doubtful wisdom, their Dardanelles
campaign. Bulgaria was, perhaps,
of more Importance than the other
two because her aid to the Teutons
would make the road to Constanti-
nople much easier to relieve the pres
sure upon the Sultan's capital, while
the casting of her lot with the Allies
would not only have blocked Teutonic
progress in the Southeast, but would
have had great influence upon the
action Of the other Slav countries not
vet engaged in the struggle. So the
entrance Of Bulgaria on the side of
the German Alliance was a master
stroke of diplomacy on the part of the
Kaiser and his council.
Fighters From Earliest Times.
From the earliest times the Bull
garians were recognized as fighters,
for according to Herodotus the wild
Thraclan and Illyrian tribes, ances-
tors OF the Bulgarians OF today, which
inhabited the Balkan Peninsula
"would be the greatest Of all. nations
~ they could only agree among them
selves and be ruled by n man." But
the tribes lived as a rule in a perpet-
nal feud. Their history up to the sew
enth century is shrouded In mystery
hut about that time the Bulgars
crossed the Danube and took possess
sion Of the territory which now bears
their name. After a time they adopted
the customs and language Of the
slays, although the old Bulgarians
we're almost the opposite of this race.
AZ early as s13 they made an attack
mon Constantlnople, then a part of
the Roman Empire.
During the ninth century a certain
porls founded the first Bulgarian
nnnarchy and made himself lord and
n,oster of the country. He negotiated
With Rome and finally became a con-
,,ort to the Roman Church. Under his
,ule bulgaria %prospered to such an ex-
tont that Gibbon in his decline and
Eallr tells us that Bulgaria assumed
q rank among the civilized powers OF
.he earth. Boris died In a convent In
ON His name still lives in the mem
INV OF the bulgarian people and he
,anks as the first Of their national
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-10-12
Is Year-Old Girl
lis Pleased To Be
Back In Howaiiii
Miss Gertrude John, Deported
From S. E., Decides Islands
Are Best After All

IL there was anyone on board the
Matsonia more glad to see Diamond
Head and Honolulu yesterday than
little I5-year-old Miss Gertrude John,
it certainly did not appear possible.
The little Chinese Hawaiian girl was
mighty glad to get back to Hawaii
again after her experiences with Mr..
and Mrs. Fifield. Mormon missionar-
les, who were taking her to Utah, but
were not allowed to do so by the inn
migration authorities in the Bay City,
who ordered that Gertrude be denied
admission and be deported back to the
islands. The Fifields are alleged to
have represented to the immigration
authorities that the girl was their
daughter. They left here on the Lur.
line.
According to passengers on the
steamer. Miss John told them she was
very glad the immigration people had
sent her back TO the islands. She
said she was afraid of the Fifields and
did not want to 60 on with them to
Utah after landing in San Francisco.
A relative OF the girl, Mrs, Flora
Wright, saio to be her aunt and living
at 1856 Nuuanu street, met Gertrude
at the pier. The girl told passengers
on the Matsonia that she lives in Hilo
although press dispatches few days
ago from San Francisco said she came
from Maui.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-10-12

FOUND OF KOKO
HEAD MYSTERY

Chief McDuffie Of the detectives has
heard nothing more OF the Koko head
mystery which might explain the pres
ence of the dismemoered lower limb
OF a man and a woman which were
discovered on the beach there last
week and he asks the cooperation Of
Honolulu. residents in an effort to
solve the problem. =
IF every resident in Honolulu will
take note OF the houses IN his vicinity
some may be discovered to be vacant
and the residents missing for no ap'
parent reason. II such discovery
were reported to me possibly l could
trace the Disappearance to the Koko
Head beach incident
McDuffie is practically positive that
persons from Honolulu either went
Fishing or swimming In that locality
and we're destroyed by sharks. He is
at a loss to account for the presence
OF the legs on the beach, however. un
I'll there is some report of missing per
sons, and so. far none has been brought
TO his attention.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-10-12

WILSON VENTED
SPITEON HUERTA
Mexican Policy of Adminlstra-
ton is Denounced Before
Virginia Audience
tAssociated Press by Federal Wireless1

fAGg0C1AteQ
CHARLESTON, w. Va, Oct. IL
Candidate Hughes brought cheers
from a West Virginia audience last
night when he denounced the Demo
cratic abandonment of the Baltimore
platform, especially that plank which
declared that it would be the policy
of the party to insist upon, the rights
of Americans abroad.
The callous treatment Of the Am
orleans in Mexico, where they had
gone in the pursuit OF their proper
business. by the American state de-
partment under Secretary Bryan was
certainly a direct abandonment not
only of the specific promise OF the
party made in its platform, but an
abandonment of the traditional Amerl-
can policy, said Mr.. Hughes.
Deliberately Forced War
So far as keeping the country out
of war by submitting to the outra-
peous treatment of Americans by Mex
lean bandits of all factions, the Presl-
dent had deliberately forced the coun.
try into war and for the purpose OF
satisfying a private Vind1etiyeness
against Huerta.
aWhen President Wilson made the
threat that he would force the unseat'
ing of Huerta, was that declaratlon
of peace, or declaration OF war ne
asked his audience.
War" came back the shout OF the
crowd, which broke into cheering.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-10-12
WILSON Names
PERSONNEL OF
DEFENSE BOARD
Experts in All Branches Will
Serve Nation With Edison
/. as Chief Advisor
Associated Press By Federal wireloss)

ON BOARD PRESIDENTIAL SPE-
CIAL TRAIN, en- route to Indianapo-
lis, Oct. 12.-The President last night
made public the appointment of the
following advisory commission which
is to be associated with the council
for national defense, which is headed
by Thomas Edison, the inventor:
Daniel Willard, Samuel Gompers,
DR.. Franklin H. Martin, Howard E,
Coffin, Bernard Baruch, DR.. Hollis
Godfrey and julius Rosenwald.
The appointments will take effect
Immediately.
In a statement accompanying the
announcement of the appointments,
Mr.. Wilson said:
. This. commission marks the en-
trance of nonpartisan engineers and
other professional men into govern
metal affairs. hope that the body !
have Just formed will become rally
ing point for all civic bodies which are
working for national betterment and
desires. The body is non-political in
personnel"
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-10-12
Los ANGELANH HAS
EXPERIENCES 10
WHITEN HIS HAIR
rsy Associated Prsssl

LOS ANGELES, CAL, Oct. H.
After a series OF adventures extending
over several months which caused his
hair to whiten before his time. Charles
Barden, young man OF Long Beach.
has returned to the peaceful occupa'
ton OF clerk in his fathers grocery
store. Harden has been marooned 4
sea, wrecked in typhoon and seen
service in the Australian army from
which he finally was discharged -
that he could return to his home.
Slipping out from San Pedro, On
April 8. last, with Fred Meyer. In MeY-
er's motor boat. for a fortnight's -
creation, they were lost in the PACT
fic when their engine broke down
Drifting 10 a rocky island, they ~
NAMED marooned several days unt1
a passing Italian vessel saw distress
signals. But this vessel Nl4
bound for India, and they were trans.
ferred at sea when the Manunu,
bound for New Zealand, hove 70.
This three master was wrecked IN
typhoor. and Barden and Meyer and II
of the 'latter's crew were washed up
on the shores Of a coral reef. Here
an American who owns the group o.
islands came to their relief and sent
them to Australia on the Pacificique
Hunger and poverty induced Barden
to Join the Australian army, and the
exposure to which they had been sub
jected killed Meyer.
After serving three months IN the
imperial forces, rather than be trans
/ ferred to France, Barden appealed
to the American consul at Sydney, VINO
secured his honorable discharge ana
furnished him transportation back 70
| San Francisco.