davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-03

Tn" important discovery that tNr.loid
fever Is spread IN civil life by individuals
who unkuowiugly are hosts OF the IS.
phoid bacillus has obtained ample con
hrmation during the past year. The
large proportion of food handlers IN
Manila were hosts ~ the cholera bacillus
10 also nm important event. Positive, de-
termination Of the obscure causes of two
DISEASES, which are developed in the di-
gcSti,e tract. has led Health Commits.
Siuner Emerson to introduce AN exact
ing supervision of all food handlers in
This city. which will doubtless dimlnlsh
the danger from this source.
Discovery Of Iho hitherto obscure
cause 90 disease Is always matter for
cungrHtuldtlon. NV applylng moder RI
sciou'lhc methods II has been nscert3Ined
That uuSuEpcCied absCcsses al the roots
Of the teeth may produce AN Infection
"f the entire body, leading to acute and
chronic rheumatism, neuralgia, hea n
'r"rhlcS, tuberculosis, Bright's disease
aud other maladies.
Tine passage Of national and .St,te
laws, securely guarding the use of
narcotic drugs, has given rise 10 efforts
IN In" direction Of alternating suffering
ino'd"n' 10 the withdrawa " habit form
INK drugs, Unfortunately there has
not h"eu any reliable clinical ohserya-
tons published ~ drug hahit1ies by the
public hospitals,
The problem ir not solved ny simple
elimination ~ th@s~ drugs from TIM
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-03

a. -
" SUM h"Sil'dih J VISITED f~"o-thlrds
oi the patents "tf" victims at UPHOLD.
~ nt,s'a''.'h''" anu ~"il,i-NlNs''-
non sn'letl"s "i England were largely re
,poislpl" Tor thls condition They spread
Il report INA, IN" tNrhoid vaccine short
WV" VI" ana succeeded ~ creating such
= sentiment "l hn%iagonism against 1t
.'a' " no vaccination clause in the en-
instrument contracts WAS demanded by the
If'SS' hnf Kitchener circtimventcd this
10y refusing men iurlouEhs In France
u"''l 't"S had submitted 10 his treat
hI"lt' N"w ihdt dreaded curse Of armies
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-03

bodies Of the sufferers. They require
after treatment. physical, mental ana
moral, which II II the duty OF the pub
lie authorities to furnish The national
committee for prisons u prison labor
has appointed "A committee TO inNtst'-
gate the various methods devised for
the withdrawal Of habit forming drugs,
aud It In to be hoped hat philanthropic
persons will find n way to do likewise.
4 survey Of medicine would hardly
I've complete without mentioning that
wonderful product radium, especially In
its effect upon the dreaded cerscou
Large experiences has accumulated
during the past year which shows tho
value of radiuni In external cancers,
but most conservative physicians and
surgeons urg" all persons who detect
a growth n swelling to submit II - a
physician But there is no ouh that
the popularity Of this wonderful remedy
may induce many TO waste valuable
tim. II, treatment OF growths that are
easily removed with the knife In the
GA rly stage, which IN malignant grrwths
Is the only certain cure.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-03
Great Cains in Church Membership.

Far from being a ear of apathy and religious despair, the year hos WIT
neaed almost IA religious revival Tremendous gains in church membership
nave been made enormous m lay been given for church purposes an the
work Of relief and the sale Of Bibles throughout the world has taken a big
jump.
York become the art metropolis Of he world the m great city where auusts
artisuc success OF. the Panama Pacific Exposition.
technical lessons To- IN IF them fore~hadowing revolutionary changes in the
military establishments OF nations, They have ten lessons Of equipment
rather than tactics. Chief anon them has been he enormous amount of NUM-
into prominence tn increased function oft the high explosive shell and SAN the
turn
Though failing to produce the long awaited great sea action the naval side
Of the "a has lot been without its technical lessons emphasizing in the forced
inactivity of the German fleet the old rule that a n inferior fleet aus either
suffer defeat or remain n port MI surrender command Of the sta 1t mas also
rhoxn that n 10 practical number Of batttships "a prevent battle cruisers of
higher speed keeping the sea IN destroying commerce.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-03
DISEASE is NO LONGER AS
DEADLY AS SHOT AND SHELL

trenches. has been better than In time of
peace. This has resulted from the en-
forcement of simple laws Of hygiene and
sanitation. good ra'ions and the use of
a~ntitoxins In the prevention of infec-
tious, contagious and septic diseases.
This IL the first great Wal IN which
anti-typhoid serum. first developed In
this country. has beer\ almost universally
used. The result IL that there now is
comparatively little typhoid fever. In
the early months Of the war II prevailed
~exten.iveiy among the British and French
troops In Flanders and France. The
rivers were swarming with bacilli typhus,
AZ also were other sources of water sup
Dly,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-03
SOUTHERN FACULTY TO DINE
Mount st. Mary's Alumni ARRANGE
Annual Entertainment.

Tho New York Chapter of the Alumni
Association of Mount Saint Mary's Col
les", OF Emrnitshurr. Md, Will enter.
tain the members or the colleg. faculty
at their annual dinner in the Hotel Mic
Alpin tomorrow light. John L. Cru-
gan, president Of III" chapter, w'll be
toastmast.r,
The speakers vii include Mrr. Brad
ley, president OF the college 4 Y. T.
Wattcrson OF Plttshur-, president Of tr.
National Alumni Association IuJe.
Frank b. Gu!lfoilo of Waterbury,. Conn
William Michael Byrna and I'll, to..
John Talbot smith of New Yori.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-03
WAR GIVES SCIENCE
LITTLE-DR. BARUCH
Preventive Methods Improve,
hut Treatment Of Wounds
at a Standstill.
HOW ANESTHESIA FAILS

Asked by q Sun reporter to review
the progress made In medicine and sur
gerry during the year 1916. DR.. Simon
Baruch said
Your question in regard 20 what most
inpresses me IN the present status OF
the medical profession Is difficult to an
swer without considerable reflection.
My earliest medical activities were In
camp and on the battlefield Oyer half a
century ago. Naturally I I'M most
deeply Interested in the surgical devel-
opncn,s Of the great war that Is now
convulsin g Europe and compare them
with my own observations on the battle
fields OF the civil war. II appears to
me that there has not been any imi-
provemcnt In the management Of the
seriously wounded during the past half
century. I had six fatal cases of tanu
after the battle OF Gettysburg and many
cases of gangrene. | note that they have
tho same experience la the military
hospitals OF France. I also note. with
pain. that the powerful antiseptics, which
have done 80 much TO make surgery
less on the battlefield n that the cele-
brtt~i autt~1tic dissolve red by Drs
pakin and Carrel is practically the old
fashioned l~.abarraque's solution of chlor-
mated soda.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-03
NEW SPALDNG WILL SUIT,
Adopted Son "Purp''
Mother'' Of Conspiracy.

san DIEGO. Cal, ian. albert Cond'
will opalding, Jr., adopted son Of the
late sporting goods manufacturer, has
filed a contest of the will, alleging con-
spiracy between Mrs. Elizabeth Churchill
Spalding. the widow. and Mrs, katherine
Tinglcy, head of the Philosophical lnat,-
tute at Point Iona, near here.
This f. the second contest OF MI,
Spaiding's will now In the Probate Court
the first having been filed by Keith
Spalding. q son, Of Chicago,
The basis Of the contests Ai-d by Al
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-03

munitions needed 10 conduct moicin wa.
fare.
'ou this Latter point, and u is tl.-
problem which al natloNS VIII suId'
in IN. lls.t ~ this Nar for man, ,csIs
to COM. - n. Interesting 20 note tnar
even Germany GUESSED short a. tla
amount Wir,u would he required IN
Germany, you know. the ru', la. h,.
never to turn ont a gun without At tho
came time turning ont sufficient tumuuf-
ton Tor the llfo of that gun, w'lot,c~
II lie a revolver or a heavy mold eur.
For Germany to be caught short shows.
therefore. how irsatitblo t. tho cry ~
day FOR animation"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-03

What the navai sharps have been
awaiting is an action involving dread
noughts and battle cruisers which might
add new lessons In construction TO those
derived from tho earlier actions of the
war. As It is the lesson of the year has
been the helpless inactivity of the Ger
man fleet in the face Of England's
superiority Of big fighting ships.
There has as yet been no great sea
action In the fullest sense OF the term"
said Henry Reuterdahl, associate Of the
United States Naval Institute, in speak
ing of the vars naval lessons, THE
fight NJ Heiigoland was but a skirmish,
the defeat OF Cradock Off the Chilean
coast a duel and the sinking Of the Ger
man squadron under Won Spec off the
Falklands. "A lo~ng.chase. So the Dogger
Bank affair. But the lessons are speed
and gun power. the ability TO put the
biggest gun where II should be. Hence
the victory at the Falklands. Simple
superiority OF gun fire plus speed. And
similarly the food Hope and the Mon
mouth went to their doom because the
enemy had heavier guns and more speed.
The Germans also we're ~outranged In the
North Sea scrap and the Bluecher was
sunk because of its slow speed of twenty
four knots "a compared with the British
battle cruisers. The destroyer of the fu-
ture will be a speedier vessel. Forty
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-03
WITHBIG GUNSSTTLL
OF SEVEN SEAS
Submarine Merely Pocket Revolver of a Fleet, Says
Navy Expert-Dreadnought of Future May
Make 80 Knots an Hour.


Tho year 1915 was not as important
predecessor because Il did not produce
any great naval actions, II was almost
exclusively a year of submarine war
fare. directed for the most part against
merchantmen. The ACTIONS tina, did take
place were mostly between smaller ships
and added nothing 20 wha, the naval
world already knew.
Predictions made early IN the year
that the cruising radius OF the undersea
boat would be extended were verified
and the new type OF large fleet sub
marine figured more c~onspicuously in
the AVA record OF the year than did
any other type OF vessel. While the
Germans were the first 10 develop this
Kind of undeisca boat, long before the
year closed British submarines with a
German boats had penetrated the Baltic.
reached the Dardanelles and appeared
In the Sea of Marmora. sinking mer-
chant vessels and enemy war vessels.
But the achievements OF these sub
marines have not. IN the estimation OF
most critics, justified the belief enter
tanned by some at the time OF their first
appearance, that they spelled the doom
OF the big gun ship. Supremacy of the
euperdreadnuusht and the battle cruiser
has been shown clearly throughout the
year In the absolute command OF the
seven seas which the british navy has
been able TO maintain through its
possession OF u predom!nance OF large
fighting craft.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-03
MACHINE GUN Big
SURPRISE IN WAR
Hannibal Would BE a Good
Soldier Now, Expert Thinks,
but Arms Change.
DAY OF CAVALRY PASSING

l p' 40 eao'
1t has taken the veal Just ended To revea
what "a marked change has taken place
In many of the appliances and engines OF
warfare.
1t IL an old adage OF military men that
tactics never change that they are the
same to-day as In the time of Hannibal.
T~actlcally considered. therefore, fighting
throughout the year has not contained
any great surprises nor been such us TO
render necessary a change In the text
books.
In the opinion OF some military men
tho course OF the war during the year
has served to emphasize still more tho
| decline in Importance OF the cavalry arm.
This was brought out in the early months
Of the fighting. The Germans are re-
ported TO have made some use OF cavalry
Ia their campaign along the Baltic and
there was a report that cavalry had been
used by the French in a charge that
formed part OF the fall drive, a
which stirred the Germans TO dcris.ve
comments, indicating that the German
war sharps had given up cavalry for this
purpose.
II the war has proved cavalry useless
FOR its old time purposes 1t means II a
many armies will have to be re1nodellcd,
a. cavalry always has been one OF tho
important branches of an army II is
Hot u'Ii'i NaTiaTc that Has 'il''iHNN'cu
the cavalry as much az the modern ma
chine gun. according to many officers
who have been following the struggle.
ur,,.. e., ~.xu.
Heretofore cavalry has been used -
the eyes and ears OF armies. for special
missions such as holding advanced posi-
tions and for heavy shock actions. Fol
Observation purposes the aciopeine has
...,- -. an 49, Ia tLtZ .aHA.
while for capturing or holding advanced
positions one mOtorcyclist carrying a ma
chine gun can do the work of a squad
ron That. in the opinion of some. -
what the years lighting on the several
fronts now has definitely established.
shock action by cavalry--the old time
Charge that has made history 80 many
tlmes-has not occurred In this war for
,nr"I,,hI. - nSarra uan9i 49,
a better target for machine guns than
the open infantry charge. II IL now .s-
t'mated that two machine guns at the
most would be amply sufficient to knock
out a whole regiment OF charging cav
airy
The t~ranscendent Importance OF the
machine gun-that ~ one OF the great
lessons OF the war during the year. Al!
over the world men now are working
night and day to turn out these weapons.
Instead. of being n mere auxiliary
"eapo" q" 'S.u ~ W. sa'u APP
.~uta.u. A.eei; VIZ Has !us. sohe on
~ "iury .u "a' 80 'el,Ine WIN
- "oo", nn' 20 mas s"'"" .no
m'', ~ -" 80 ""'' "'"' ~ wy
wa, , 'saI'.ts ,He T'inl%iS are Sa.u
~ $50 '"N ' o., o'N.''''I ''u tne
- ~ ~" NV
$50 on 80 - So - 49,.
- M u,eI
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-03

hh't oodts h4e low under the whitC
ensign.
And this fight points out that the
naval actions Of the future will be
fought at a greater range than hereto
fore-at a distance of $4,000 TO 10000
Yards. The fnal lesson OF this long
range firing might point to a new type
OF battlcshlp carrying no vertical armor
or maybe no armor at all. This shin
may mount heavy guns-l5 inch and
even morc-and have a speed OF 81
knots. ia function will be to steam or
the outskirts OF battle and deliver
plung!ng salvos--a mortar fire aiioat.
Against such "A fire naval architects have
as yet devised no successful protection.
Only Efficiency Counts.
England. prior To the war. had a
trained reserve % sea going men 1885,
e0n strong, Germany, loo. 600. Officers
Tn 10Th nay!rs having important pc.
sitionS have all been advanced through
selection. Those who failed have been
ruthleSSly Jcrked out. Admiral Jellcoe.
for years picked as commander in chic.
IN case OF war. was placed In command
OF the grand fleet, his predecessor hav-
ing been quickly removed. War has no
use FOR mcdiocrity The second In com
mand In che pogser Bank action was
dismissed from his squadron because he
Jailed 10 close up the fleeing Germans.
The minor lessons Of the war In a
.,hnlca sense are too many TO com
press In ), short review. A ships ability
TO withstand punishment, whether "A Tin
can destroyer or a heavier vessel, has
b"en underestimate. Previously the
View was expressed that n ship would
b. sunk during the first five minutes ~ a
flWhs
strdted the contrary.
Another lesson IL that the mmun
ton supply should be greater. When the
terman cruisers went to the bottom a,
Tie Fdlkltnds they had fired all their
ammunition W hours before the sank.
Ana the British battle cruisers Invincl-
BE and lnileAible at that time expended
over ITO rounds per each IL nch gun.
This war has shown recently that IN
Soino way every ancient craft can he
utilized. Gunnery tenders, station ships
and cruisers from the sos operated on
the Belgian coast. Thousands OF small
craft patrOl English waters. In the Oar
danciles the old Jaureguiberry. a French
hattleship more than 20 years old, did
distinguished work. The monitor also
has come back. The eight II inch
American guns made At Bethlehem for
the Greek d%readnought Salamis original
~ have been mounte In the new tripod
monitors Abercrombie, Roberts, Have
lock and Napier n have pounded the
Forts or tho Turks. An 'outrigger'-
tiise underwater sides-protcct each OF
these craft from torpedo attack, Fur.
thermore. the Koenigsberg was sunk I'm
an African creek by an ex-BrazilIan
monitor.
THE submarine will not In liz pres
ent state revolutlonize naval warfare,
II is AS yet the weapon Of opportunity,
Ike n pocket revolver, Tho dreadnought
and the battle cruiser stu hold the CON
mand OF the sea"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-03

htrt q, SpaIdinH and Keith Spaldinr Is
alleged undue Influence by which tho
greater part Of the estate of Mr.. Spald-
inS * I" become eventually the property
OF ia" Raja Noga Thcosophist COLONY
At Point Iona. Of which Mrs. katherin.
IlngltN, widely known as the "purrlo
Mother" is the head.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-03

Not only have preventive medicine and
surgery scored wonderful triumphs in
the care of the wounded. but the medical
officers in the field have succeeded In
conserving the health OF the armies In
q way that win make the year epochal
In It's results. according TO competent
medical observers.
Discussing this record for The sun
DR.. Louis Livingston Seaman. who
visited the hospitals at the front In the
early part of the war and whose investi-
cations in the Spanish American, Russo
Japanese, Balkan and other wars made
him a competent authority. said
F. 'sThe year has been Il memorable one
and will form a brilliant page In the his
. tory Of preventive medicine and surgery
when the results attained are fully dis
closed.
an the first place it has SHOWN that
the majority Of disease In war Is pre-
vsntabl.. Heretofore the mortality FROM
disea So has been from five to nifty times
1 greater than from battle casualties. But
IN the year Just past this record has been
reversed through the enforcement Of san
itary measures and in the practhhe OF
truths that have never before been put
into execution.
N"r,aIit, Greatly Reduced.
'Ir tho crimcau war. where the total
mortality amounted to %, ono. 1000
deaths W.r, from disease. most OF which
were pr",Cntabl". / was then that Flor
l.nco Nightingale. cut the red tape that
|~cntangi.d III, medical department of the
larmy and saved what remained Of IL. In
lour civil war, where III" mprtalitN
reached COO. 00u. 500. 600 deaths were
from discasc. In IN" Boer war ten times
as many soldiers died from bsrilli ~
from bullets In the Spanish Alncrican
war total losses from battle casualties
were .o3: from disease, Asst That vas
about thirteen 10 one, and the rnIJoritN
Of deaths occurred among troops who
never loft this country but were guar
tered IN camps that WEI" ncrr pest
holes, one ~ which was withiu sight IL
tho dom" of the Capitol in Washington,
'1n Tho EiSsO-Japdncsr war The Jana
gsese were kcen enough 10 take advun-
tage Of the mistakes Of past wars aud 10
give medical m"i, authority 10 enforce
sanitation. Th" result was that the
mortality was four ms greater from
bullets than from disease. IN oth'r
words they reversed the statistics Of his
tory and made a record never before ap.
npoach~d IN the annals of war.
IA the present European war the
heslth Of the men. even when subjected
70 the dampress and exposure NJ the
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1916-08-07
W|NONA HOGS ARE
VIEWED BY FARMERS

Methods and products OF tho win,
ona ranch were observed by over one
hundred and twenty-five visitors Sat.
nrday, as feature OF tho County
Agents work In arranging actual
demonstrations for all interested In
various lines OF farm ondeayor. The
thoroughbred ncrkshlres In which
Mr., Steel OF the Wlnona ranch spec.
ialixes were tho chief center Of In,
forest Points OF judgina hrecdine
and feeding were taken up by Agent
c. d, Thompson. OF Josephine
County, G, G, Cate. OF jackson
County. and o. NJ. Plummer OF the
Onion Stock Yards OF Portland.
Experiments made at this farm
during the season In the comparative
value OF different fertilizers were also
displayed and discussed, Five plots
OF Red Glover showed greatest
growth In the one enriched with
Beaver A. while saper-phosphate was
second.
C. d, Thompson gave an illustrated
talk In the evening on Swine In Am
erica" showing various methods OF
housing and taking up points In the
sale Of hogs.
The second OF these meetings will
be held on "Wednesday OF this week
at the Leonard Orchards Company
tract. dealing with experiments In
various fertilizers In alfalfa tried by
Mr., Niles, The early date Is ncces-
Stated by the approach OF cutting
time.
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1916-08-07
ORGANIZE GIRL
SCOUT TROOP HERR

The Girl Scouts movement has TAX
en- hold here and the organization
OF troop has been started although
the plans have not yet been per-
fected, owing to the lack OF literature.
0fiicers have been chosen and thegirls
are now ready to begin actual work.
This organization is similar to the
Boy Scout movement inasmuch as
they are both national. The aim OF
the Girl Scouts is preparedness in
both mind and body. This is the
first Of the kind to organize In Grants
Pass and is to be known as the Red
Rose Patrol.
The officers are Mrs. J. T. Fry,
Captain; Miss We're Murray Lleuten-
ant: Miss Carmelita Pool. Patrol
Leader and Miss vernetta Qulnlan,
Marion Sabin. Ragna Anensen, vellna
Williams, Reno Tryer and CharIlla
Tetherow.
The first hike" OF the patrol was
made Wednesday when the troop en-
joyed picnic on the banks OF the
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1916-08-07
LOCALS WIN At
H0RNDROOK So

Grants Pass took It's game yesier-
day from Hornhrook with the close
score OF 6-S. Both teams were at
their best and neither club got a
HIT FOR the first four innings, Horn.
brook had team IN the field which
was composed mostly OF outsiders and
In which they were confident OF sue.
cess, Dan Osborne pitched, how
ever. and allowed only three hits dur
ing the entire game, while the locals
managed TO hit the Hornbrook pitch
er six times. The Grants Pass team
had good support from the roofing
section, over fifty attending the game
from here. The battery FOR tho
clubs were Dan Osborne and Baker
for Grants Pass and Anthony and
Crawford for Hornbrook, Antony
was imported from Marysville for
the game,
The game at Weed was n walk
away for the Weed team. Medsord
going down to defeat iT-a. Medford
was not in good form using three
pitchers. sieberts. Mclntyre and Cas-
tor,
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1916-08-07
\ y \ \ y ~ ~ \ \ y y \ \ y
\ "AIL THAT GIIrTERs-" \
4 4 \ 4 \ 4 4 \ L / \ 4 h 4 \ L 4

= y \ y y \ ~ y y y \ y \ \
\ .ALL THAT GHTTERS-" \
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< \ \ =
Guess I'll cash In my little pile. -
announced an obviously ''storybook
miner" to the cashier of one OF the
local banks sometime ago. as he push
ed bottle filled with yellow bits
across the counter. He assumed a
pose.. as IL to get the full Londones-
que effect, while observing the
weighing out Of his dust.
The scene would have fit excellent
" into story OF the gold centers.- -
up to that point that is. But the
following smile of the cashier was
not like Bret Harte tells about. He
gazed critically down the neck of the
amber quart bottle. once filled with
nectar of "joy," weighed a few bits
In his hand. and then proceeded to
shatter the dream OF affluence that
almost visibly floated about the
'tenderfoot miner"
Your gold is about ninety-nine
per cent mica, and the other per
cent Is sand" was the announcement
in effect. and another bubble" had
been punctured.