davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1916-01-16
NAPoLEON,s FATAL GIFT.
II Was His Authority, Asserts q
French Military Critic.

The overtopping military genius OF
Napoleon / has been much mentioned
since the great war has been going on
states the Indianapolis Ne'0S. 1t Is to
be remarked that this mention is made
by BrItons ana Germans oftener than
by the French.
The luster Of Napoleon's achievements
has been dimmed in the years that
France has been republic. The recol-
lection is aroused that in his march to
glory the cost to the nation in young
manhood was greater than. such cost
was I'm the nations that opposed him,
and that it took even longer to repair.
General Foy, the French military
critic OF the time OF Napoleon, speak
Ing of his strength and his weakness,
said: only the founders of religion
have exercised upon their followers an
authority comparable to that which
made him the absolute master OF his
armies. This moral power became to
him a fatal gift. He came to believe
that he could prevail even against the
most powerful material force and led
him to scorn certain rules, the Ions con-
tinued violation OF which could not re-
main unpunished."
The Washington times., 1916-01-16
CALIFORNIA; OIL NEEDS

A few years ago there was a
mighty hullabaloo about whether the
Hetch Hetchy valley should be
turned over to the city of San Fran
cisco for use as a reservoir for that
city's water supply. The privately
owned water corporation bitterly op-
posed, because it didn't want a pub
lie system, which the city proposed
to construct if it got Hetch Hetchy,
to interfere with it's monopoly.
"Nature lovers" were enlisted to
fight for the water monopoly, and
they prolonged the contest for years,
though in the end San Francisco
won.
This newspaper was at all times,
after the real merits of the quarrel
became apparent, in favor of giving
San Francisco the rights it asked
and needed.
Would it not be reasonable now to
apply the same logic to the question
Of California's oil supply? San
Francisco needs gas, and oil is a
most important material in it's man.
ufacture. To curtail the States oil
production means to increase the
price of gas. Other California cities
are in the same predicament. It is
not apparent how the suspension of
oil Development, especially at time
when an extraordinary demand for
petroleum products is being forced
upon America by the whole world,
can benefit anybody. The with
drawals of oil lands in California
were of doubtful validity in law and
yet more doubtful as economic pol
icy. 1t is a business for Congress to
adjust; and the pressing necessities
of the case should dictate the prompt
passage of the remedial legislation
now pending. The Department of
Justice is not to be criticised for
what it is doing. 1t is obeying the
mandate of Congress. Congress,
with fuller information, facing a
changed condition, should make a
new policy fitted to present circum-
stances.
The Washington times., 1916-01-16
YET BIooER BATTLEsHlPs

The battleships that fought for
this country in the Spanish-Ameri-
can war were pygmies compared to
those now comprising the first line Of
all the worlds navies. The $4,000
ton monsters Of today are to be COM
pared with vessels Of considerably
less than half that registry, less
than two decades ago. Now it Is
seriously proposed that the next
class of fighters shall be of $4,000
tons, which would make them about
three times the size of our older bat
tie craft.
Britain's admiralty introduced the
era of monstrosity in battleships
with the original Dreadnaught. They
spelled it with a capital D then;
now it is become common noun
so common that "super" had pres
emily to be prefixed in order to main
tain it's descriptive quality. Bigger
ships, guns, cruising radius, and
army-carrying capacity are neces-
sary.
Perhaps we shall not adopt the
36,000-ton model yet; but there can
be little doubt it is coming. The
general board proposes 16-inch guns
for these new terrors; 11-inch pieces
were the limit at the time of the
Spanish war. Our battleships and
cruisers are too slow, by comparison
with the fastest other countries are
buildingj so we must have greater
speed. The wide stretches of our
two oceans dictate great cruising
radius and fuel capacity. All these
features can be combined in only
one way: by making bigger and big
ger vessels. 1t is putting a lot of
eggs in one basket; but Pud'nhead
Wilson gave us wisdom's corollary
to that ancient adage about the eggs
and the basket.
The Washington times., 1916-01-16
LEARNING THE NEW WAR
GAME

While they have been winning VIC
tories, the Germans have been
teaching the arts of modern war to
their enemies. There came from the
Russian correspondent of a British
newspaper a day or two ago, sug-
gestive line in this connection. He
wrote that the recent general Rus
sian offensive has been halted; not
because it could not have been
pressed farther, but because the
Russians have learned the necessity
of digging in and making secure
their hold on every foot gained, They
are now digging in along the line
of their new advance; and not until
they are reasonably assured Of their
capacity to hold it will they reach
for another gain.
Thus is marked the beginning Of
real trench warfare on the long
Russian front. In that warfare the
Russians, with their superior num-
bers, will have all the advantage.
Their soldiers are being metamor-
phosed into veterans; their strate-
gists are learning in the hard school
of experience all the tricks of the
war trade. They have found ways
to equip themselves with the neces-
saries of war, turning their own
country's industrial sections into
great arsenals, and re-enforcing
their capacity with that Of Japan
and America. The world has little
conception of the vast scale on which
Japan is fabricating arms and am
munition for Russian use, nor has it
quite realized what it has meant to
convert Archangel suddenly into one
of the greatest commercial antrepots
of the world, by reason of its huge
receipts of war material.
Dug in on every front, and super
ior in numbers as we'll as in re-
sources and the universally of their
touch with all markets of the world,
the allies can stand a long war while
the Germans cannot. That is the
lesson that must be drawn from the
present stage of the struggle. The
Germans must go on making super
human efforts in the purpose of
achieving somewhere a telling ad-
vantage; and the possibility of doing
this is lessened with every effort
that fails.
A long war indeed is presaged by
these developments; but every sign
of a long war is also sign of allied
victory; for that is a struggle pre-
cisely to the allies liking and in
teregt.
The Washington times., 1916-01-16
By WILLIAM G. SHEPHERD.
United Press STAFF Correspondent,

United Press Stan Correspondent.
SALoNII6L Dec. llS-iNe smashed, UP
wagonioad Of refugees as we went
along. 1t was one OF those pitiful cart
loads of household goods, with an old
woman and q baby sitting on tho pile,
and the younger md stronger members
of the family ploddinR along in the
mud before and alongside the two
cxen.
As we turned down the road, the per-
picked peasants turned the oxen and
headed for a roadside ditch. The nm
usual sight OF an automobile seeInsd
to frenzy them.
4 woman and a man struck the oxen
with sticks The wheels went down
with q crash. and everybody screamed.
The old woman held up the baby in
her arms. The body Of the wagon
settled down into the ditch, on it's side
Gently the old woman AMI the baby slid
on into the mud.
Retreat Underway.
Beside the road was a camp of British
engineers. and we Paw them flocking
BY scores from their tents to the scene
CT the household wreck. BY the time
we had passed fifty or more of these
parties Of refugees we knew that some
where ahead the retreat was Under
way.
Lets get out and photograph it,
said one correspondent.
Not here" said our lieutenant-Eui1e.
The Bulgars, are across the valley and
our range they'll fire at as sure"
The road was cut along the face of a
hill: Below US was the valley Of Co.'S
torino' and four miles away, beyond the
= III
the Bulgar artillery was hidden.
Just a quarter vi a mile further. and
we reached the ahelter of a turn in the
road. The huge English gun behind us
Kept splitting out its roaring challenges
across the valley. BY the watch Il was
possible to hear ihe whine of it's shells
for six seconds; the whine always ended
IN deep, dull -UaT, where the she'll had
broken some Ave or six miles away.
Camp Under the Hill.
When we tumbled out OF the am
bulance We saw Il narrow ravine run
ming behind a hill. There were tents
and dug-outs on its sides. This was a
secret / couldn't have told two weeks
ago. But 1t doesn't matter now. The
Frenchmen, with their steel blue
casdues, have gone from the ravlne.
Hill 5ls which shelters them. belongs to
the Bulgars now, and the battlefield
of the Valley OF Costorino is quiet and
peaceful again, miles behind the Bull
garian battle line.
AS we went along the mountain roads
in the French ambulIncH, we knew
how comfortable wounded man might
be IN such a car. In addition to the
spring of the pneumatic tires, there
were the springs of the car itself. The
stretcher seats on which we sat were
hung by a third series OF springs from
steel bars which were suspended from
the ceiling of the car by spiral springs.
The motion of the ambulance, except
for a slight swRying. was almost i'm
perceptible.
Just when we were marveling at the
comfort with which we were travel
ing and comparing our situation with
the sad line of refugees there was a
The Washington times., 1916-01-16
NO GOLF IN TOKYO;
JAPS CAN'T SWEAR
Extent Of CuEH Words Are Insults
AbOut StOmnch-SOmetimes
Slip From Grace.

The Jap is always polite. says LeSlie's
Weekly, but once in a while he So
from grace-and when he does /
against 1t, for there are no swear
in the japanese language. WI
japanese meets you he bows three
and takes off his hat, but does
shake hands.
When he greets you his FIRST concern
is about your ancestors and next about
your stomach. 1t would be almost ar
open insult for one Japanese to meet
another without asking him how his
stomach Jared. On the third bow he
asks; This morning. how is it with
your honorable inside?" As you come
up on your third bow you answer to
the effect that the place mentioned is
doing as well as could be expected and
in turn ask him what news he has from
the front.
Then he lifts his hat again ana SAYS
Your delightful head this morning, ]
hope II have no commotion." When
you tell him that you are pleased to re-
port that 1t feels we'll this morning he
asks about few generations of hon
orable ancestors and then you are free
to take up the weather.
Even though they are deliberately DO.
lite, once in while one Japanese will,
get mad at another. Their anger kin.
dies slowly at first, finally tanning into
blaze that knows no staying. But
even though there is a torrent OF emo.
ton seething in his soul. there are nc
words to give 1t vent: II keeps surginc
harder and harder until II throws aside
all restraint and gives up all idea OF
decency by putting into one phrase al
his bitterness and swapping squarely
into the other mans astonished face
the worst thing that can be said In the
whole language; Your stomach is not
on straight This is the final insult
nothing more can be added-he has
the glove. There is nothing left for
to do but to give his enemy cutl
look' turn on his heel and haught
The Washington times., 1916-01-16

sibility beyond and above the other two.
In reality, program music, 10 precisely
as on-slded and limited as that which
- called absolute" These three ideas
he incorporates thus: ''The spirit OF an
art work, the measure OF emotion, OF
humanity, that IL in it-these remain
unchanged in value through changing
years. the form which these three as
sumed, the manner of their expression,
and the flavor of the epoch which ga
them birth, are transient, and age rap
idly"
For Ultimate Freedom.
Form, program music, ultimate free
dom in music! In this Busoni presents
a problem of the first magnitude for
mulated," as he says. with apparent
simplicity. without giving the key 70
ITS final solution; for the problem can
not be solved for generations-if at all.
1t is much the same as with
man himself. Born naked, and as YET
without definite aspirations, he decides,
or at given moment Is made TO de-
eide, upon a career. From the moment
of decision, although much that IL
original and imperishable in the man
may live on, either is depressed to the
type OF a class The musical idea be-
comes a sonata or concerto; the man
ranSement Of he Original. So. ne
continues They disavow the mission
of this child; they hang weights upon
II. This buoyant creature must walk
decently, like anybody else. II may
were its JOY to follow the line OF the
the clouds"
Such a spirit of liberation filled Beet
hoven-'the romantic revolutionary. F."
have Unidentified tho spirit and emotion.
the individuality Of these composers
and their time. with 'syTnmetric' music,
and finally being poweFless to re-create
either the spirit. or the emotion. or the
time, have retained the form as a SYM
Dol, and made it into fetish, a relig-
ion."
Tone and Noise.
And of program music, he exclaims:
How primitive must this art remain
Begin with the most self-evident
of all. the debasement OF tone to noise
in initiating the sounds Of nAture-the
rolling of thunder. the roar of forests,
the cries of animals. Add to the
above the Characterization of nationali-
ties-national instruments and airs
and we have a complete inventory OF
the arsenal OF program-music."
We, In washington. have Just heard
the literal concept Of program music at
its most" In the Carpenter orchestral
suite; adventures in a Perambulator, .
deltghtfully amusing though we found
II. II bears no kinship, however. to that
Infinite music which Busohi calls upon
Tolstoi TO epitomize when he says: "Ana
Tolstoi transnutes a Landscape impress
SlGn p,.I into T%sSsi imPTssSiSSn when he
lake. nor on the mountains. nor in the
skies, q single straight line.'a single in-
mixed color, a single point OF repose-
everywhere movement. irregularity, en-
price. variety, an ipcessant interplay OF
shades and lines. and In It all the re.
posefulness. softness. harmony. and in
cvitableness of Beauty" ]. Mach.
The Washington times., 1916-01-16
HANDEL AS A BOY.
His Father Long Refused to Allow
Him 10 study Music.


(From Mothers M1OGsine.)
Handeps childhood was erTatic. There
was a combat between his father and
the boy on the matter OF music. The
father was surgeon to the Duke Angus
tus of SaXony and, although he had
a man of considerable Importance.
he was quite an old man when Han
del was born. An English musical his
tory puts II rather quantity when II
years old when he was born" which
makes the father the Oldest baby on
record.
Handels father intended him for a
love of music which the young boy dis
played. He caused all his musical toys
to be burnt at once, and packed the
child of to school.
One day the father made up his mind
TO make a journey to Weissentels and
pay his respects to the duke. The boy
begged urgently 10 be allowed to go
along. The father refused his request.
But when he had gone about ten miles
on his Journey he found that his obsti.
rate youngster lad "caught on behind
and was riding with him on the coach.
II was too late to send him back, so he
was perforce allowed to make the
journey.
The fates seem TO have ordained that
journey, for when the boy arrived at
the court at Weissenfels the musicians
all made a pet OF him. One day he was
playing to some OF them on the organ
in the chapel when the duke himself
came in. He was astounded at the
natural musicianship OF the boy, and
after a long argument with the father,
succeeded in extracting from him, a
promise that he would give the lad
good chance at a musical education--
all of which came from the obstinacy
OF the ,seven-year-old In forcing his TRIP
TO Weissenfels.
The Washington times., 1916-01-16
Wednesday.

Masonic-IodEeS: Washington Centennial,
No. IL special p. M, r. c.. regular, 80
p. M, r. A.. Osiris. No 2s NJ. NJ: Fast
Columbia, No. l. mark: Brightwood, 10. o.
grand visitation.
Eastern Star-Areme, No. 10
Odd FelloWs-Iodges: Grand Lodge annual
session: Eastern, No. Z; Harmony. No. 81;
Friendship. No. r. and Federal City, Eo.
20, business. Encampments: Mt. NebO
No. 2s, business
knights OF Pythias-Mt. Vernon, No. 5, and
Equal, No. II, business,
Pythian Slsters-Friendship Temple, No. 8, in
itiation.
National Cnion-Treasury Council. c. A. r.
Hail.
United Daughters Of the Confederacy-DixIe
Chapter at Confederate Memorial Home
The Washington times., 1916-01-16
WAS A CONDUCTOR;
NOW HAS $1,000, 900
His Honesty and ThOughtfUIResS
Leads to TTeasuFeFHhip Of Big
Powder Company.


Powder Company.
(EdtoiH Letevre, In Saturday Evening
PoSt)
A few years ago the man who was
the dominant interest in a certain big
powder company happened to be In
Dayton, Ohio. on business. He got oil a
trolley car there and gave .he cOnduc-
tor IS bill. The conductor didn't hap
pen to have tho change, as he had inst
taken in another large bill from a pas
senger, so he told his fare please TO
wait until he could make change. The
powder man arrived at his corner and
got OFF, forgetting the change that was
coming to bin.
Several mcnths aftcrward he again
found himself In Dayton on business,
destination. Before the powder man
could find tho nicseI the conductor said
with q pleasant, smile: You're not
going to give me another IS bill and for
waiting for you"
The powder man entered into con-
versation with the conductor, became
interested inter Tin in the young ma man and o.
der company. The conductor accepted.
He was young. married and had several
children. Also he was a street car con-
ductor. 1t isn't very long ago thnt, he
was ringing fares OH Daytor trolley
car, today he is treasurer. of the pow
der company and has put through some
of the big deals.
Two or three months ago the COM
pany had $4,000, 100 in cash and look
ing for investments. The directors APP
pointed a committee 10 invest the
money. The treasurer was Entrusted
by tho committee with the >ob ard
bought large blocks Of stocks in con-
panies that have been turning out war
material. These large investment pur-
chaseS have SO reduced the loating
supply OF n any of these stocks that II
Eo NAyh 10 aINs
small buying orders can cause Auctua-
tions of thirty and forty points The
former street car conductor l am told,
is worth today S5,COo,0OO. No romance,
u.hafi
The Washington times., 1916-01-16
100 NEW WORKERS
GET $5OO,OOO A YEAR
In Gotham I7.457 Persons Paid Taxes
on Incomes Of $1,000
to $4,000.

There nre 109 persons in New York
State with incomes of $SO0NO0 or more,
and ninety-two Of them live in New
York city, II appears from the report Of
the commissioner NJ internal revenue,
covering the income tax returns for
the last fiscal year. says the NeO York
World.
The total collection in the United
States from 357,5l5 individuals was
34I, ,O46, ,162 This is Sl3.1OOOOO more than
was received from the 35759S personal
income taxpayers the year before.
The number of corporation returns
was 800, ,455. totaling SIS. s.952, a decrease
of $6,627,C0O from 1914 in taxes and OF
II ,464 in the number of tax-paying cor
porations.
The total revenue from all sources
amounted to $415,6s1 0Cc. The emer-
gency tax law brought in $4,000, ,oOO
The tax on distilled spirits other than
those from fruits, $132, SOC, 900, compared
with about Si5O.OOG.O00 in 1914, and the
tax on fermenteG liquors increased from
$G7 .IOO,OOO in 1914 TO S7o0OC,OOo.
The commissioner estimates the loss
in revenue b. oleonargarine frauds at
Sl7, ,6g2, 800, of which only $75l,oOO has
been recovered by prosecutions.
In New York city $3.50 persons paid
taxes on incomes of 5000 to 5000.
S '0SS on incomes of $4,000 TO 5000 17,l7
on incomes Of 5000 to 500 Gon 62SO ., on on
incomes of $1,000 tc S2O0n0, l.!C on IN
comes Of $4,000 to 5000, LIS on in
comes of S25OOO to $%c. 900. 1879 on in
comes of, $4,000 to $4,000 74O on in
comes of $4,000 to $4,000. 9l6 on in
COMES of $4,000 to $1,000. SSs on in
comes of $4,000 to 500 OOO, and SO9 on
incomes of $1OOO 900 to Sl5O,0Oo.
In the two revenue districts com
prising the city, 1851 unmarried women
bald the tax upon their incomes. In
addition to this, $40 married women
rendered returns upon g separate pa 9SJ ac;
counts. Returns from 3S,529 marrle1
persons were made in the two New York
x total Of So, iO5 individuals in the
state of New York made returns upon
incomes of from 5000 to 100000 and
more. ,,,.,,s,,,,, .,,i.-
In Illinois fourteen individuals-thr-
incomes of $500 900 or more.
The Washington times., 1916-01-16
New Trail 9Bldzed
In Progress Of MuSic
Controversy Of Letter and Spirit Seen in New Works.
Progression Through Form and Program Music
to Ultimate Freedom Indicated in Criticisms

Music holds its place almost in the
advance guard of that perpetual hu-
man progress we call the modern"
The modern" which Is net static
but an evolutionary state. belongs
TO the idealists---to those with new
ideas. Music can demonstrate a par
allol progress with those lines Of
tonight that in other arts. or dreams,
or what you will. are trying to blaze
new trail for the crushed hopes OF
today.
The state has not demonstrated the
justice in the old order. The true
statesman looks to a World Set
Free" Modern woman" bands her.
self together for the promoting Of
perpetual peace through a continuous
Conference of Neutral Nations" to
re-cstnblish, as Jane Adams so tell
ingly said at the significant mass
meeting of the Woman's Peace Party
at Polls Theater in this city on jan
uary Q, ito re-establish some sort of
union of thought OF all the neutrals
with the purpose OF extending 1t on
to the belllgerents when the moment
comes" DreGmers ALT Is the verdict
of the world. Every reform" says
Emerson. was once a private opinion,
and when it shall be a private opin-
ion again. It will solve the problem
of the age"
Function of Criticism.
Music is. even. now ,waging a war
fare between the Letter and the Spirit
in it's creative works. 1t is not a fac
tional disturbance. this controversy. II
Is based on eternal principles that are
forever being solved. then are tried In
the crucible and found wanting. The
Providence of art watches the fail OF
tho nrnfanfinMa anir
sinks into obscurity and three-stanEa
lyric goes singing itself down the path
ways of the centuries" says w. j.
Henderson in THE Musical Quarterly,
writing on The Function of Musical
Criticism" THE ultimate function OF
criticism" he asserts, 'is the discern
ment and appreciation of the art work
in It's relation to the spirit of it's time
Here we hit upon the unexplored flI-
ture. Ferruccio Busoni in what he calls
a sketch of "A New Esthetic of Music,
writes: "Music was born free; and to
win freedom is its destiny" This lib
Grated music-a music OF the future
he calls Die Ur-Musik," which has
been translated as. infinite music"
Speaking Of the present, Busoni says:
Music as an art is hardly 400
years old: and We've talk OF
classics and 'hallowed traditions" And
we have talked of them for a long
time!" He then develops his ideas on
what he terms "the narrow confines of
our musical art" wagner's music at
one time was called the music of the
future. Busoni claims that Wagner be-
gins and ends with himself. having COM
pleted his own perfect circle. He claims
also an equal limitation for both classic
and program music with the argument:
''The name OF Wagner leads to pro-
gram music. This has been set up as
a contrast TO so-called absolute mu-
sic. And these concepts have become
SO petrified that even persons of in'
telligence hold one or the other dogma,
without recognition for third pos
The Washington times., 1916-01-16
ThnradAH.

MasOnlc-Iodges: Hiram, No. TO- NJ. NJ;
Ia Fayette No. 10 Il. A. Royal and Se-
lect Masters; Adoniram Council. No. 2,
social
Eastern Esther No. 8.
odd Fellowa-COvehant, No. 13, degree; Co.
lumbia, No. 10. and Salem, No. %. busi-
ness.
Knights Of Pythias-Franklin. No. ?, Uusl-
ness.
Pythisn Sisters Monthly meeting, Past
Chiefs Association.
National Union-Natonal Council at PeFpet-
ual Building Hall.
Socialist Party-JeWish Branch and German
Branch. Sll Il street northwest. S:l5 D. ~.
knights of Columbus-SpRl ldng Council.
Daughters OF America-Euehre by the Wheel
ing Club, Fifth and @ streets northwest