The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1916-12-07
Presidents Address to Both
Houses Is Quite Short.
RAIL TROUBLES COME FIRST
Further Legislation on That Line Is
Strongly Recommendation Civ
ing Foreign Commerce Promo
tiers Free Hand Necessary.

Gentlelnen OF the Congress:
In fulfilling at this time the duty laid
upon me by the Constitution of COM
municating to you from time to time
information of the state of the Union
and recommending to your considera-
ton such legislative measures as may
be judged necessary and expedient ]
Shall continue the practice, which l
hope has been acceptable to you, of
leaving to the reports of the several
heads of the executive departments the
elaboration of the detailed needs of
the public service and confine myself
to those matters of more general pub
lie policy with which it seems neces-
sary and feasible to deal at the pres
ent session of the congress-.
I realize the limitations of time I'M
der which you will necessarily act at
this session and shall make nay sug-
gestions as few as possible but there
were some things left undone at the
last session which there will now be
time to complete and which it seems
necessary in the interest Of the public
to do ut once.
In the first place, It seems to me i'm
p~eratively necessary that the earliest
possible consideration and action
should be accorded the remaining
measures Of the program of settle
ment and regulation which l had occa-
sion to recommend to you at the close
nf yn,1r loSt SnSsinn In Itnr nf thn p,,h
lie dangers disclosed by the unaccom-
modated difficulties which then existed,
and which still %unhappily continue to
exist, between the railroads of the
country and their locomotive engineers,
conductors, and trainmen.
Railway Troubles First.
/ then recommended:
First, immediate provision for the
enlargement and administrative reor-
ganization of the interstate commerce
commission along the lines embodied
IN the bill recently passed by the house
OF representatives and now awaiting
action by the senate in order that the
commission may be enabled to deal
with the many great and various duties
now devoiving upon it with q prompt
ness and thoroughneSs which are, with
It's present constitution and means Of
action, practically impossible.
Second, the establishment Of an
eight-hOur day as the legal basis alike
of work and of wages in the employ
ment of all railway employees who are
actually engaged in the work of Oper-
ating trains in interstate %transporta-
ton.
Third, the authorization Of the ap-
pointment by the president of n small
body Of men to observe the actual re-
suits In experience Of the adoption of
the eight-hour day in railway trans
portation alike for the men and for
the railroads.
Fourth, explicit approval by the con-
gress Of the consideration by the in
terstate commerce commission Of an
increase of freight rates to meet such
additional expenditures. by the rail-
roads as may have been rendered nee
essary by the adoption of the eight
hour day and which have not been off
set by administrative establishments
and economies, should the facts dis
closed justify the increase.
Fifth, an amendment Of the existing
federal statute which provides for tho
mediation, Cancellation, and arbitration
of such controversies as the present
by adding to it a provision that, in case
the methods of accommodation now
provided for should fail, a full public
investigation Of the merits of every
such dispute shall be instituted and
completed before a strike or lockout
may lawfully be attempted.
And, sixth, the Judgment in the
hands Of the executive of the power,
in case Of military necessity, to take
control Of such portions and such roll
ing stock of the railroads of the coun-
try as may be required for military
use and to operate them for military
purposes. with authority to draft into
the military service Of the United
States such train crews and admins
trative officials as the circumstances
require for their safe and efficient use.
Renews His Recommendations.
The second and third Of these rec
concentrations the congress immediate
ly acted on: 1T established the eight
hour day as the legal basis Of work
and wages in train service and 1t u
thorized the appointment Of a com
mission to observe and report upon the
practical results, deeming these the
measures most Immediately needed I;
but 1t postponed action upon the other
Suggestions until an opportunity should
be offered for a more deliberate con-
sideratiOn of them. The fourth rec
ommendation / do not deem 1t neces-
sary to renew. The power of the in
terstate commerce commission TO grant
an Increase OF rates on the ground re-
feRsd to is indlsputably clear and a
recommendation by the congress with
regard To such a matter might seem to
drr " III question the scope Of the cOro-
mission aptbe~.t5 Or It's inclination to