davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
Ralph Foster Of Topeka Es-
capes Fate of 151 Yes
terday Off Dover.
LONDON SAYS GERMAN
MINES SANK STEAMER
Declares Neutral Shipping Was Used
in Laying Explosives and Suggests
Stricter Admiralty Supervision.

LONDON, February 28.-Of
the total OF All passengers and
crew aboard the Peninsular and
Oriental liner Maloja, ISL are now
believed to have perished when
the steamship struck a mine and
went down in half an hour two
miles off Dover shortly before
,poon yesterday.
OF the Il9 passengers, the
names OF sixty-four have been re-
ported as rescued. Among those
saved was Ralph Foster, the son
of the Rev. Festus Foster OF
Topeka, Kan.
Foster is Rhodes scholar at
Oxford, but had been given a
years leave of absence to enter
army Y. M. c. A. work. He was
en- route for Egypt to join
Y. NJ. c. A. workers in the army
there.
The bodies OF forty-seven vic
TINS have been recovered, and
many relatives have arrived at
Dover to identify the dead.
The British press is almost unani-
NOUS in assuming that the Maloja and
the other vessels sunk by mines during
the week end were victims of fresh
sowing of German mines There is
much speculation as to how these mines
could have been laid. The theory most
frequently advanced is that a certain
class of neutral shipping has been en-
ployed. 1t is pointed out that such op-
erations may drive England to still
more stringent supervision of neutral
shipping than has yet been exercised
by the admiralty.
Sister Ship of the Persia.
The Peninsular and Oriental line steam
ship Maloja was an Australian mail boat
and a sister ship of the Persia, which was
torpedoed and sunk of the Island of
Crete December 80 last. with the loss of
336 lives. The Maloja was last reported
as having arrived at Marseille January
81, bound for London from Sydney, New
South Wales.
The steamship was $50 feet long. 62
feet peam and "a feet deep. She was
built at Belfast in 1911.
In February of 1915 it was reported
that the Maloja. on entering the English
was ordered to stop by an unknown
armed merchantmsn. The mail boat is
said to have ignored the order and made
for Plymouth, whereupon the merchant.
short
The Empress Of Fort William was for
meriy the Mount stephen and was built
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
Danger of Delay.
DIVISION OF RUSSIANS
GOING TO MESOPOTAMIA

PEk1NG. China. February 2S.
Reuters correspondent at Har-
bin, Manchuria, reports that a
division OF Russian troops is on
the way to the ManchJrian port
of Dalny, to embark there on
Japanese steamships for Mesopo-
tamia. ..........- ~.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
Alleged Attacks by Merchantmen.

Appended to the communication,
wnich was signed by Count Won Bern
storf, was a. list of about twenty in
.idents where il is charged German and
Austrian submarines have been at
tackled by merchantmen armed osten-
Sibly for defensive purposes. At no
place in III. communication is ii sue
gr sted that American citizens be warned
to remain off armed merchant ships,
and the question Of what constitutes
defensive nrmam mcnt is not brought UP.
although Il is admitted in various
quarters that such a question proba bly,
will be raised.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28

The offensive the front assuming
wider and importance Not only the mpetuous drive
being pressed vigorously although with less rapid progress
the princes armies but aggressive action large scale
developed the Champagne district where the Germans ae
cordn and nearly mile French
trenches.
NEW OFFENSIVE NEARER PARIS
The the Champagne front much
Paris the operations against Vedun the former
being approximately hundred miles from Paris while the
Verdun fighting roughly miles distant from the French
capital.
North of Verdun the German lines have been extended some
what the loop the Meue around Capneuve
ing the French the Berlin Declares while
slight advance southwark the nghborhood of
Vaeherauvlle and Bras the river
CHECK TO THE GERMAN DRIVE.
The stopped the German drive the Fort
Apparently the Germans still hold the fort it
their furious attacks the village of nearby
were failures according the French Office.
official of the fighting this d.
the French exhausng themselves in fuess
tacks.
Apparently there have been German gains of importance
line of the Verdun salient leading ST. Mie
where pushing pounding the deenses Of
beyond this point however but have reached
foot position Cote several points,
lin announced.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
Endorsed by Baron Zwiedinek.

Baron Zwiedinek. charge of the Aus
trian embassy. called upon Secretary
Lansing after Count Won Bernstorff had
left and informed him that Germany's s
views as set forth in the note from
Count Won Bernstorr were identical
with those Of his government. and that
Austria in effect seconded everything
contained in the German conmunica-
iipn.
Secretary Lansing is understood to
nave ADVISED neither OF the Teutonic
diplomats what the views OF tbc I.njtad
States would be toward The communi
cation. II was understood that the
note would be brought 10 the aftenion
Of President Wilson before night, and
that nothing definite regarding il would
he decided until after il had been s,,h-
mitted to the cabinet tomorrow.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
GREAT VERDUN BATTLE ENTERS :.
ON A SECOND WEEK OF FURY

tent for any great distance would spell
disaster for the stronghold.
French in Counter Offensive.
The French defensive operations At
places are taking on the nature of q
counter offensive, as in the attacks IN
Fort Douaumont. four miles northeast
of verdun. This development has been
forecast in dispatches which told Of
the expectation in Paris that the
French. when they had fallen back to
positions they believed they could hold
indefinitely, would drive back over the
ground that had been yielded in the
face of the terrific German artillery
and infantry attacks. =.
According to a statement by Aristids
BRAND, the French premier. this hap.
pened after the fourth day Of the bat
tie.
Strong French Reinforcemsnts. :,
tbs Frsnsb trsuxht ~ sirens ss,s.
sssss1ss0 q - vssxpsses1 As0eo6
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
PRACTICING THE MAKEUP.

at Newcastle in 1908. She was 25o feet
long, 43 feet beam and % feet deep. The
vessel was owned by the Empress Trans
portation Company of Midland, Ltd.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
Tradition Rather Than Law.

Tradition Rather Than Law
The German government takes the
position that the arming of merchant
ships for defense is a tradition rather
than rule of international law. Ger
man officials contend they find nowhere
in the international code any specific
authority for arming ships and that
the practice is from custom rather tina n
rule
Germany is represented as taking the
position that there are ships on the
seas which, in theory, are armed only
for defensive purposes. but that for all
practical purposes such armament is
offensive when a submarine is con-
cerned.
Britain Denies Warning Citizens.
The British embassy today announced
it had been authorized to deny that
Great Britain warned her subjects off
ships of the beIligerents in the Russo
Japanese war
The London foreign office, it was sa id,
had no knowledge of any such notice
ever having been issued by any con-
sui. and added that if one had been
issued. II was contrary to instructions.
In the submarine controversy be-
tween the United States and Germany,
warn its citizens off armed ships Of the
bellgerents have referred to such an
action having been taken by Great
Britain
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
Leaders of Neither Party
Disposed to Stir Up Issue
Over Submarine Warfare

In the Senate quiet prevailed TODAY.
SO far as any discussion of the sub
marine issue with Germany was con-
cerned. except for the reading of
letter. submitted by Senator Tillman
of North Carolina, in which D. +. Den
ninSton of New York expressed the
opinion that persons who ira reIed on
hebillScrent-owned vessels were fools
and ..iu nine cases out of ten ouekt io
be killed for being fools"
The reading Of the letter in the SEN
ate ca used no discussion OF the matter
by senators. and the subject ma1tec
raised laugh rather than any serioI,.
conside ration
Leaders on both sides seemed conten+
today to let matters drift so far as the
submarine question was concerned To
questions as to what Congress and the
country would do if the Germans per
sisted IN carrying out their plan to
sink armed merchantmen without
warning after March ], they replied.
Wait until the vessels are sunk. -
Acquiesce in Presidents Demand.
While acquiescing in the demand of
the President to be allowed to carry
OF diplomatic negotiations and to han
die the situation through the State De-
partment, senators who have gone on
record as being opposed to having the
United States involved in war over the
present issue with Germany today ex-
pressed concern as 10 what was going
to happen If Germany did persist in
carrying out the orders of the ad-
niralty. Senator Gore. whose resolu-
ton to warn Americans to keep off
| armed beliigerent- owned merchantmen
is still pending before the Senate, said
that he did not expect to make any
move at this time to have it adopted
He added, however. that he considered
the gravity Of the situation as great as
ever and felt that the United States was
fast drifting on the rocks of war.
Danger of Delay.
The senator said that II Congress and
the President waited until after German
submarines had sunk armed merchant
iAen without warning. il would be too
late TO take such steps as he had
suggested for keeping Americans safe
and avoiding further complications. He
pointed out that at SUCH a time, when
American lives had been sacrificed il
would be hard for Congress not to back
up the President even if il meant reach
ing the breaking point with Germany
| and going to war.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
Cites U. S. Note as Precedent.

The charge was made that Austrian
submarines also have been attacked
by armed British merchantmen. which.
the noie declared, are not conforming.
.,nG have no intention of conforming, to
tho assurances given TO the lnited States
ly the British government in a memo
TauduiT. of August -. 1914. by Sir Cecil
Spring s-Rice the British ambassador.
The German government; says il can =
not sec how the American government.
IN consideration of these facts, can regard
armed British mercha htmen as peaceful
trading ships. The note makes il clear
that the Berlin government believes its
new instructions TO submarine com
n.anders are in accord with the view
point EXPRESSED by the United States In
its memorandum proposing modus
yiyendi to the entente allies, Tor the
disarmament of merchant ships.
1t declares that German submarine COM
rl+uders f.y been so instructed that they
will not destroy merchant ship on IA
QUESTION OF arInan unless il is know
positively that such armament eists. The
'leclai alton that previous pledges Will net
tc revoked also is formally given
The efforts of the tnited States to have
the beIligerents agree TO q nodus vivendi
which would cause all merchant ships to
b. disarmed, il is declared. are welcomed
by tierrlauy Then follows a declaration
that the German government Will no
longer allow its submarines to be made
The objects of attacks in violation of the
principles Of interustina1 law. and that.
therefore the new Instructions VIII not
he postponed or modified
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
Latest Break in Line Brings Smash
Ing Offensive to Within Hundred !
Miles Of Paris.
Terrific Drive Against Verdm Continues, but French
Resistance Appears to Be Sdfening Hard Fighting
at Other Points in West =.
DAYS DEVELOPMENTS IN GREAT
BATTLE ON THE WESTERN FRONT
GERMAN REPORT.

IENMAN NEFONl.
Germans meters of trenches and take
than 1000 prisoners and machine guns the Navarn
farm in the Champagne.
French exhausted in frutless attacks Fort
Douaumont Verdun.
Germans advance lines further toward Bras and Vach
GRANVILLE and make fresh gains in the Woevre
All French troops driven from the Meuse peninsula i
FRENCH REPORT
Germans, by surprise attack, Certain advanced
trenches the Navan farm in the Champagne
Violent bombardment continues in the region north of
Verdun
German make several efforts capture the village
of Douaumont but repulsed Fort Douaumont closely
encirced by French troops.
Germans activity in the Woevre district The
railroad station Elk after changing hands several times
remains possession French All efforts of the Ger
against hill No. 255 near Elk, without result.
attack against French positions Manheulles
complete failure French artillery replying with
energy the German bombardment along the entire front
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
ITS LEGISLATIVE AGENTS
ARE SENT TO CAPITOL
Parliamentary Tacticians May Use
Question of Mileage to Defeat
Longer Hours Scheme.
FRANK WALSH IN THE FIGHT
Kansas City Editor Aroused as Well
as Unions There and Here-Mr.
Gompers Positive Against
the Proposal.

Organized labor practically has
taken charge of the fight to defeat
in the House OF Representatives
the Borland rider to the legisla
tive, executive and judicial appro-
priation bill which seeks to in
crease the hours OF work of gov
ernment employees from seven to
eight hours without additional
compensation
1t became known today that the
American Federation OF Labor
has sent its legislative representa-
tives to Congress to call on mem
bers Of the House and Senate, poll
them. ascertain their views. and
protest against the attempt to IN
crease the hours OF work Of the
government employees.
Samuel Gompers, president OF
the federation. announced TODAY:
1--WE will not tamely submit to
the Borland attempt.
Coincidentally. it developed that the
Central Labor Union of Washington,
which is scheduled to hold meeting
tonight, is to take up the subject and
ct in
government employees. 1t was said to-
day that the Central Labor Union will
not content itself with passing resolu-
tions, but will probably also send labor
representatives to Congress to show
members of the House and Senate the
opposition of the union to the plan.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
Frank P. Walsh in Fight.

Frank p. Walsh. chairman of the COM
mittee on industrial relations, which is
the outsrowth of the old federal indus
trial relations commission. and who is
now the editor of "A Kansas City daily
newspaper, today got into the fight,
and has sent Mr.. Borland a telegram
saying that The treatment which has
been accorded employees by the govern
ment is a reproach and that he is pre-
pared to furnish definite information
as to conditions which he gathered
while at the head of the industrial re-
lations commission. Reports at head
quarters of the Stenographers. Type
writers, Bookkeepers and Assistants
Onion, No. 11773. which is part of the
American Federation of Labor, show
that the labor men in Kansas City. Mr.
Boriand's home town, have taken up
he subject in earnest.
There are seventy eight labor unions
in Kansas City, many of which will
hold meetings tonight, to act on the
attempt to get more work out of the
government employees without addi-
uonal pay.
Clerks Join Labor Union.
One striking feature of the fight,
according to statements made today by
]. L. Giles, president of the Stenog-
raphers, Typewriters. Bookkeepers and
Assistants Union, is that government
employees all over Washington are
Joining the American Federation of
Labor, through the union of which Mr..
Giles is the head. Aroused to high
pitch, the government employees are
writing to the federation. thanking the
labor officials for taking up the cud-
gels in their behalf.
Reciting what they say are their
wrongs, the letter contains such
phrases as Send me six application
blanks; many people in my office
want to join; Il wonder how long
they think we are going to stand the
treatment that has been accorded us
for years." etc.
The names and addresses of those
who are Joining the union are being
kept secret by the federation. In q
statement given out today by Miss
CONTINUED on Seventh Pago.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
May Affect Mileage Question.

Friends of the government clerks
were at work today in the House plan
ming a surprise for the Borland provi-
sion and it may be the center of
much warmer battle than was original
" expected, due to the labors over
liamentary strategists in the House.
If their hopes are realized the Senate
will receive the Legislative, executive
and judicial appropriation bill without
the obnoxious Borland provision.
Exactly what means are being taken
to kill the Borland rider have no: been
made public, for the very good reason,
it's enemies say, it would be an unwise
move to play into Representative Bor-
lands hand.
The suggestion was made today, how
ever. that the cry Of economy in behalf
of the Roriand provision may cause
some of the members to redouble their
annual forceful attacks upon the
mileage of congressman. as that deli
cate item is incluoed in the same bill
with the provision to make the clerks
W ork an hour d ds 2 more without more
pay
While there wa definite plan on
foot it was suggested that a fight
mileage viii be forced again, as to
reduce il from 20 cents a mile each
way between the congressional dis
tricts and the Capitol to actual eX
penses. In case il comes to an issue A
compromise may be effected between
the Borland measure and the coming
amendment to reduce mileage, in which
case 1t is felt in the House that the
Borland provision will be dropped
from the bill.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
WEATHER.

Fair, continued cold tonight To-
morrow increasing cloudineSS and
warmer, probably followed by snow
late in afternoon or night.
Temperature for twenty-four hours
ending at pm: Highet, 80, at pm.
today; low est. %. at am today
Full report on page 10.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-02-28
Previous Assurances Cited.

Previous Assurances SlIeO.
During the negotiations over the Lo-
sitania, it says, no mention was maze
of armed merchantmen. and that the
United States in one of its notes on the
Iusitania mentioned unarIned mer-
chantmen. Attention then is called to
the assurances previously given, IN
which it is stated that liners Will not
be sunk without warning, PROVIDED
they do not offer resistance. Attention
also is called to the statement Oh 'ne
American government in It's no'ice ~
port authorities, that the presence ol
armament or board a merchant 'essei
creates the presumption that the Ves-
sci is armed for offense.
Thinks Warning Impracticabie.
II In stated that a submarine COM
uander cannot be expected to warn an
enemy merchantmen which has a rfgho
to fire on the submarine which warns
it, and the German government sets
up the contention that equipment ana
intention to resist warning given py
q submarine does not come within the
definition of defensive armament
GERMANY contends that a similar view
Doint was taken by the United States and
tnat il secured assurances from the Itai-
ian government that its armed inerchait.
ships leaving American ports Wouio not
fire. on submarines which warned them.
The note then sets forth that tine Ger
man government did not issue its new IN
sstructions to submarine commanders un-
iii alter il had come into possession of
confidential instructions by the British
Government to the comma nders of Brit
:Sh merchantmen.
/, is denied that armed British mer-
chant ships of any description are
peaceful traders. and it is declared
that the armament on board all of them
is to be used especially for purposes
of attack.
Ladysmith news-budget. [volume] (Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wis.) 1907-1927, 1916-07-07
MRS. HETTY GREEN
DIES AT NEW YORK

New York, Juyl AIRS. Hetty
Green, known as the worlds wealthiest
woman, who was eighty years old,
died here. She had suffered three
strokes of paralysis during the past
two months and for several weeks had
been practically helpless
Her death occurred at the home OF
her son, Colonel Edward H. R. Green,
at West Ninetieth street, adjoining
the plain brick four-story house at No.
Z on the corner of Central Park west,
where Mrs Green had lived lately in
seclusion, except for her son and sew.
eral Japanese servants and trained
nurses.
For several weeks past Mrs. Green
had been unable to walk and had
spent practically all of her time in a
wheel chair The nurses occasional.
ly lifted her into her automobile.
where propped up BY pillows and pro.
tected by furs, the mistress of finance
enjoyed few afternoons in the park.
Most of the time she sat in the
wheel chair at one of the front win.
dows on the parlor floor of her house
and gaZed out over the park, motion.
less for hours at time.
Ladysmith news-budget. [volume] (Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wis.) 1907-1927, 1916-07-07
FRENCH FORCES
FORCING AHEAD
British Progress in Terrific
Drive Is Slower.
GENERAL FOCH IN COMMAND
German Artillery, Machine Gun and
Rifle Fire Growing Heavier as
Battle Increases in Intensity.

London, July 4.-Commanded by
the dashing General Foch the French
troops, cooperating with the British
in the great offensive in the Somme
river region, have made notable gains
in the direction of Peronne, one of the
most important strategicai points
along that front.
Successfully, they have captured
Herbecourt, Feuilleres, and Flau3ourt
and farther to the south French infan-
try stormed and occupied Assevillers.
They followed this success by car
rying the second line of German en-
trenchments as far as the outskirts OF
Buscourt and Flaucourt.
Something more than three miles
was thus gained, which, added to pre-
vious gains, gives the French troops
a clear advance on about six miles at
the farthest point to within three miles
of Peronne.
Meanwhile the British, moving more
slowly, but over a longer front, have
captured La Boisselle, where the
fighting for the last two days has been
of the fiercest character.
Report Progress Elsewhere.
The British also report substantial
progress in some places" and the re-
pulse of many counter attacks by the
Germans.
British troops, however, have been
forced back from some of the posi-
tons which.they had taken early Mon
day morning. 1t is evident that the
German artillery fire has become much
heavier than during the earlier stages
of the battle. The prisoners taken by
the British so far number 4,300, while
the French have captured 5000 or
more Much war material has been
taken by the French
Beyond admitting the withdrawal of
a division from their first line trenches
on the Somme the German official
statement makes meager reference to
the battle now in progress.
The Verdun operations apparently
are slackening.
Aerial activity is increasing in con-
nection with the battle of the Somme,
hundreds of machines being engaged
in accommodating, directing the guns
and fighting.
Ladysmith news-budget. [volume] (Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wis.) 1907-1927, 1916-07-07
ALL RUSSIA CLlM BiNG ON
WATER WAGON.

i. Petrograd, July l. The
4. duma passed the bill perma-
i. nently prohibiting the sale of
4 drink containing more than
i. IL per cent of alcohol.
\ According to the'terms of the
Il bill strong drink means liquor
1. containing more than liz per
!. cent alcohol and therefore in
i. cludes light wines and beer.
4 Passage of the bill by the up
:. per house and it's approval by
i. the emperor will mean that all
K Russia will become strict
i. prohibition country
+