The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1916-01-28
In View of Stand Against
Submarines. State Depart
ment Proposes Convention
Against Guns on Liners.
FORMULA PROPOSED FOR
REFORM OF WAR RULES
Underwater Craft as Fighting
Vessels Change Conditions
and Government Suggests
Revising Laws to Fit.


Washington. itN. 's Tia, United
s'1t,- 100 t.siug aU Eurup,,n uclligcr-
eutH 60 w1ac 70 e'nrral agreement 90
square their submarine wariar, with
the pru piles uf humanity and inter
national HN hH- taken thu position
thrf under hanged condition. 81 naval
wnrtIrr. merchant ships could carry
40 armament whatever.
M the powers htf, been notified
that unless they suhscriho 80 such
priu, ipl"s armed mcrchantmca viii bo
denied entry To- American ports "N-
ccpt under "a. conditions which apply
To- Vlrshipa
such proposal uoN IN the hands 80
the brlligorent governments hps been
transmitted iu a note winch Is sub
stputtlS a. follows
u is assumed that an the gutorn-
mcuts addressed are equally dssirous
of protecting their own suhi"cts ana
citizens who are uon-combatnntA from
the hazards Of submarine warfare
Realizing the appalling loss of ilfs
of uuu-cunibatHntE which rcsults from
the destruction uf n merchant vessel
without removing passengers and
crews 10 places OF safety which is he'd
To- De ,inlatiVc of the principle OF hu-
manity and international law. tho
United states ~ the same timc doe.
not feel that urliig'rcnt should b"
deprived ut the right to use suhmarino,
iu view uf the usefulness which they
hl.. dc,rlopcd
That t formula may hc tounr COM
ul,tvl, within the rules ~ inioruuiiou-
al bv ,ud of humtnit, which e,il rec
lulr, i 20. adoption only tr.1lug
change in The practices which hAFo
obtained loo the past ana p'for' the
Wpr nhuh formula would pr Iu-i and
fair .. 900 ucIug'rcnts o. .s ruru-ei
that.
l'Ir.I 10 -,ombntant has "a" ri.h'
tu trfN,r.y the high seas ,u t Wor-
chant ship cutiticd Goo Ny 70 nr''ig'r'rt
nag IuU rc.. upon the ruIrs of .nt"r.
national I1w aud m" primo pie. 1T hu-
miu.f. DO Tine vessel is approached %.
o. hci.s,reut war Fcsscl
SECOND merchant vessel ~ any
, 7nrtouauN should not be subjected -
attnrt uutI the belhgercnt uhrshIp
hss warmed her tn stop
Third ans nelusctcui owned mor-
chant vessel should promptly obey ans
order from bcilgcrcrt wHrshin Co.
stop
Fourth no such mcfchanr vrssri
should bee nrcd uu uul"ss che uIeH n
/ Ne. o. fu resist u. fore, and ctrn ~
| such case but attack upon hrr 20, Nh'
vurshlp must stop As soon as thc f'rif
/ ur resistance ceases
/ Flfh uu', .u .as. should bc r1.
i pus-ipl' fur military reasons for fH"
| Nii~hips io supply pItlr rr,N CO., Dnr.
7 D..
/ itcd 90 s,uklng such morchUutmaU
and 900 the cas-" pi-srux.rs and prrF
musf Boo rsmu. ru ip a. uit., lr ,ifeft
Tho state department De- ul tppr'
! c.1'. .rr u' the obstacle winch fhr
! adoption ur these rul"s vog'I place m
/ m" Wa. of ihe operations u. thr f...
I Wp'ir'- or0al,' of tHoIr Hru.uru.
} N'IIu"ss
E'rar, tu, present utl w,rt'.t."
b warfare uu Tine high sol. ht- aiVa'
. been conducted 10. balti'ShIps cog
/ cruisers carrying heavy guns ~ be
ma" 'hat ueIrhontmou were permit
/ .'d defensive armament uYt fHo.s
| were light compared with m" Warships
aud dad NOT change 'n,.r ulf.Ir e..
merchant Nr-sol' Ths N1s 'asrd pu
I tho superior dDfeu7.t" strength D. th.
.
u'mpm'u's Wy- f'r tho purpose uf
limiting thst r.."r OFF r"s.tlau,r fn
contract 4'h pirates and prNot',i-.
The lnfrndu.f.nu uf the -uhu.rIu"
in'u naval Wtrfur, was changed a.. of
. tni- rb.- .rar' s almost without pow
cts Of defense beyond 'h" puiiiE fp
-unm'rsr and ,rtp, an rn.mN \ sun
even uf Igh .,'iprc on ,h, n"r. han'
ship successfully Could defend hor
'blain- s sunWtrnc There are now
no pirates tUd ia" practice of PM
ypt"'rug has upcu tntuduuca %, ,.t-
lz'd nations hy general agreement
Thci, ore thrf AN now be uo r"n
son for maintenance uf oVcu small ,'l-
Ibrr guns ou merchant ships unlcss ID
les doslsnod o. muN" them superior iu
sUpWarn,- ana cannot deprive tht'
elias. uf WIrshIps ~ their undpunfcU
right W IA safety GO warn ana search
sucu merchantmen ln realty. there
fore an' such armament of mcr-
chant vessel now mIsht bc regarded ts
ofonslN. armament
~ submarines should Dee required =,
stop aud search merchant vessels be-
fore attacking them ard ~ reno, q
thc passengers ana crews tb places of
safety u ~ not fair that the suhua