davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-03-18

Our mall merchant marine IL a great
difficulty. A few day ago a leading bust.
ness house OF Buenos Ayres asked my
AID in securing for immediate shipment
$1,000 tons OF coal. Great Britain. Bel-
GUM and Australia esIsor, the greater
percentage ~ GOA used In the world.
Great Britain issued a decree maxi
ing II a high treason for any Of her
subjects to sell goods to subjects OF
her enemies. The electric light. electric
power. street car service and subway
Of Buenos Ayres are owned and operated
by Germans. and they could not buy
fuel from England or Australia to keep
tn" plants in operation. The two Year,
reserve supply was nearly exhausted
and without coal in "a month this modern
citv of 100000 will he IN darkness.
industries paralyzed and transportation
stupped. The money was or deposit
here and I could get all the coal at
A reasonable price. Hut there are no
Americans ships to carry IL. Had We
American ships we could control the fuel
trade In the future. But this profitable
marke, is closed TO US.
In considering foreieH markets We
mus, realize that the people We hope
To do business with are different radically
and rac.ally from us. Alone the Car!b-
betll tftue ana tuuCdtlOUdl lUtcTNtuTS~
have made the people familiar with
our ways. hut further south they know
rs less and resent u approach. hut
there are ways OF overcoming this.
ITO capture a market We must give
the man who ORDERS just what h. wants.
You cannot pack buttons. for instance.
put mp on cardboard. The merchant
must pay duty by weight upon the card
board. and II II Nalucless to him.
The farmers in south America would
not adopt tn, modern plough with TWO
haadl,~. They could not take care OF
IN. cigarette and grasp two handles.
\ wise German devised a plough with
one handle, and the modern plough eu-
i~,"rseded the crooked stick. But the
eNpens" Of entering foreign trade is
iniinitesimal compared with the profits.
while success depends pom methods.
Their" H. less 10 fear from competition.
FOR these lands do not manufacture
Tn"y produce the raw material for US
To max. into finished products"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-03-18
BIG CHANCE FOR TRADE
BY u. S. AFTER THE WAR
Expert on Exports Shows the Opportunities by Analogy,
Facts and Figures-Foreign Business Offers Out
let for Capital-Banks Blaze Way.

DR.. W. r. Auginbaugh. principal Of
the export school of the West Side y.
N. c. A.. In @ recent address drew at
tention to the fact that England after
the Napoleonic wars graspcd the oppor-
tunity then offered for the development
Of foreign trade. He also said that fol-
lowing the Franco.P russian war Ger
many developed her foreign trade and
succeeded In capturing many of the
kets formerly controlled by the British
and that tho present war was due TO
this. in the opinion Of many.
The virtual closing OF all doors OF
the export and import trade of the Old
World" said the speaker. a the AL
most total dependence of the Ear East
and Latin America on Europe for financ-
Ing n trade connections make thS "a
psychological moment for us not only to
overcome the lead of the European COM
mcrcial world. but gives II chance to
cement by ties OF business the prestige
u us on account Of our ideal geographic
cal position and because VIC produce
practically all Of the things a busy world
requires.
BY embracing this cpportunity-ex.
traordinary and apparently created for
our exprcs$ beneft-wc are In "A position
TO make the countries which formerly
depended on Europe for support In their
trade ventures our business allies and
our sincere friends and at the same time
bring about "A new trade alignment III
the profits Of which individual Ameri-
cans will all In some mi share.
kARA- AAsL A. N-.a-A
Competition between American man.
ufacturers Is getting keener n closer
each day, showing that our home mar
kets are becoming filled. BY creating
foreign markets this will he eliminated
To some extent, for there will he d de-
mand abroad for the exccss output Of
u factories. Foreign trade will he q
potent factor In overcoming business
depressions. which seldom fall Smut
t~aneously upon the entire world. II our
conditions are bad. other nations will he
at the zenith Of purchasing power.
Foreign trade offers "a field for tn.
expansion Of American capital. for idle
capital is as much an economic stigma
AS idle labor. Thu. mines, forests. fields
and natural u Of sparsely popu-
lated countries await development. There
are hundreds Of municipalities without
d lighting plants. transportation
systems. water supply or sewage systems.
"Harbors. docks and breakwaters are
1eeded In some of the largest and bust
est ports OF the world. Their. are many
localities without railway or steamship
facilities. The interior. of South Amer
lea is wonderfully rich in agricultural
and cattle raising possibilities. as in
mines and cabinet and hard woods. The
mountains keep this territory locked up
-,,. elz - 49, .--tl 49,. -. 4.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-03-18
BAHIA BLANCA HAS
EXPORT TRADE
City Of 10000 in Argentina
Is the Gateway of
Rich Region.
LARGE LIST OF IMPORTS

NJ. Drew Carrel in an interesting
article or Bahia Blanca in the National
City Banks publication the Americas
calls IL a seaport made to order and the
most talked OF city in the Argentine
after Buenos Ayres. the capital. and
Mar del Plata, the seaside resort OF tina,
country.
Bahia Blanc Is about Az far from
the equator. says the article, as Bal,i.
more. San Francisco and ~. Louis, and
the temperature 10 about the same as
theirs. II Is located about $50 miles
southwest Of Buenos .Ayies on IN. south
crn boundary of the province OF Buenos
Ayres.
The population Is about 10000. and
while there are other cities IN the
! Argentine OF greater population none
has recorded "A 800 per cent. increase.
AS has Bahia Blanca. Mr.. Carrots
article reads in part:
The Argentine Republic furnishes
an important part OF the worlds supply
of wheat. corn. oats. f'axseed. meats and
hides, The Argentine has but one coast
line. and there are only a few tvailabi,
points OF cmbarkation for the vast guam
titles of foodstuiis, most OF which ar,
exported during certain months u the
year.
They include Buenos Ayres, Rosario.
Santa Fe and other smaller ports on
the LA Plata River II LA Plata AND
Bahia Blanca on the Atlantic coast
For $50 miles southwark from Buenos
.Ayres Bahia Blanca is the only port
with n large natural harbor. South of
Bahia Blanca there is not another break
In the Oast line until Puerto San An
tonic in the Gulf OF San Matias is
reached.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-03-18
sing Sing CHEERS
OSBORNE'S RETURN
AS PRISON VISITOR
thousand Convicts Applaud
When Tom Brown Says He'll
BE Back as Warden.
IN CHAPEL SPEECH HE
SAYS he WAS "FRAMED"

CssixtSG. y. y. March I7.--Sing Sing
teld high jinks this afternoon. for Tom
Brown otherwise known as Thomas
Mot, osborne. There was a ST. Patrick's
day parade. to be sure. but II was a
side show. The main tent was the
warden oil leave. freed Of one charge
,ca'ns, him and just returned from
White Plains. where he hal succeeded
II having his trial on the other set
Tor March 80.
As Tom Brown he came &c the prison.
20 Tom Brown he was cheered when he
arrived. cheeret when he reviewed the
parade. cheered when he left. but the
loudcs, cheers Of all came from the
thousand convlcts who squeezed into
.he chapel and heard him say
y expect to return TO you az your
warden II. az | nave no doubt. the
second indictment meets with as Quick
a fate ss the other"
The Ossining Weather man did not
she Mr.. osborne as warm a reception
a. di his boys n the frosty air.
nearly zero IN the prison grounds down
b, the river. kept many out OF the st.
Taisi,k's day parade.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-03-18

The United States II the largest GUS
toner OF most OF the exporting nations
Of the world and IT, return sells them the
least amount Of goods. This condition
should hc reversed. The countries TAX
ing their largest proportipnatc share Of
imports from the United States are /.
Hdyti. 80 per cent Honduras, Is Sauto
Domingo. ~ Panama. 81. Mexico, 81 :
cnoa. 53. and Costa Hici. II. Each is
relatively small and our large percent
age is due 10 nearness.
we sell Brazil l2.S per cent. of her
necessities. vet We purchase approNi-
mately $50. 00o.Oo0 worth OF her coffee.
rubber. Sc. Bolivia gets IS per cent. oI
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-03-18
Hsrv-stinR Mschinrr. Imported.

bsaTNrsusuk "aeubueVS imported.
"iteapers, binders. threshing ma
clincry. traction engines, pluughs and
all other machinery and tools used in ,lo
preparation of land for and IA. har-
>rs,ing of wheat and oats lumber. raj.
vanized iron, fencing wire, hardware,
cheap cotton goods, in fact all tn. ms
ccllaneous supplies for asri,pluurul a.
,ricts. make up the lines of import.d
merchandise that are u~istr.bu,cd iror
Bahia Blanca,
'The most important features %,
bahia Blanca are it's port works. Tn,
bay is wide at It's mouth, Il is formed
by IA river that eml'ties into the sea al
that point. II contracts nto a channel
some 1900 feet wide opposite the city
aud Port Galvan. with u mean drpth az
about 3S feet at high water. IL is a
natural tidal estuary, spacious and am.
pie for the navigation Of ocean going
vessels to It's extreme limit, afforIing
safe protection from gales. The an.
proach Is safe and easy aud therefor,
the towage fees to different points in
the port are low"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-03-18

her requirements from US. We bought
last year over 10000 tons Of tin alone
from her.
we should dominate the markets Of
Latin America, yet last year our total
sales to these republics amounted to a
little more than ) per cent. Of their en-
tire imports.
Think of the possibilities Of Brazil.
larger han tho United States and sup
porting only 1000. 900 or Of Argentina.
AS large as all Europe without Russia
and Austria-Eiungary. with slightly more
than 10000 O0 inhabitants. To such
lands overcrowded Europe must ON
for elbow room and a glimpse Of the
sun.
Gable. wireless. aercplane and Inn
proved transportation hav made the
world smaller. our banks have stretched
their arms into foreign lands n mer-
chants now get the same financial ac-
commodations that exist here. Already
a chain of American banks may be
found in the Far East, IN Brazil. Cru-
quay. Argentina, Chile. Venezuela. co.
!onlbia. Cuba. Santo Domingo. Hayti.
Panama and Nicaragua and others In the
remainder Of Latin America will follow
soon.
1T is only a question OF time when our
dollar will be the standard Of exchange
throughout the world. In many lands
IL has supplanted the pound sterling. The
banks are ahead OF the business men in
the foreign field and ready TO take care
81 the trade that Is certain 10 follow.
That they see larger opportunities In
hown In the bill just presented in Con-
gross to enlarge the privileges Of the
Federal reserve law.
ITO many the language has been a
t-r H.. A MAJ
Indians. coolies and others a pick up
cnough knowledge IN world ports to
transact business educated Americans
can do more. But English is becoming
tn" language Of commerce and lack OF
French. Spanish or Portuguese should
not deter one from entering foreign
trade.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-03-18

Back of Bahia Blanca to the sou,h
and west there are the i.Mitless en-
panses Of the Pampas and the RIO
Negro. and just TO the north IL the
southern district of the province OF
Buenos Ayr.s. It's hinterlands are not
AS intenslvely cultivated nor as favor.d
with rainfall. nor as thickly populated
A. the northern part Of the provInc. of
Bueno~ Ayres or SOP" paris OF Cordoba,
Entire Rios ani Santa Fc provinces. nor
a. Tucuinan province.
But upon these vast areas are pro-
duccd immense quantities OF grain and
are RAISED hundreds OF thousands ~
sheep. More wheat and oats are Shipp-i
through the port OF Bahia Blanca than
through any Of the other Argentine
ports and IA large proportion of the
Argentine wool comes out Of me country
back OF II. Rosario and Bueuo~ Ayrrs
handle most OF the corn and fiaNseei and
Buenos and La Plata the most meat and
hides.
Despite tho elaborate equipment that
has been installed in the various Arg.u-
tine ports for handling %products for sN-
port the volume Is 30 great during GER
tain periods of IN, wear that thcy are
then taxed TO the utmost To- prevent SER
GUS congestion along the railway lines
ard at the docks. There are no modern
systems 81 elevators for the storage Of
wheat. corn and oats until ;hey can be
moved on gradually.
During the harvest season millions
of bags Of cereals can be seen piled mp
On The ground. protected only ny tar
r~aul!ns, al IN. loading points for hun
dr-ds Of miles along the railways.
Then there is "A rush to get this perish
able freight moving to the soapurts.
wher" it ,an he loaded into the holds
OF the vessels That "a rFN tn Other
countries before IL Is damaged nv rain
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-03-18
Al want I" PaA. u en-.

The producer, the shipper. the vail
ways and the exporter each ~ ANXIOUS
To get II of his hands ana pise II on
10 the mex man before i IL spril.i Ia.
SITUATION IL so serious At times tina, =.
railway wAs built direct from Rosario
TO relieve III porIs on the River Plate.
The southern NailWaN, tho Pacific Rail-
way and the koeario-Iurrto lielgrtuo
hallway companies hav. tuilt their ll.l.s
10 BAHIA Blanca. connecting IT with all
parts of the Argentine and have spent
vators for loading grains and IN lrcig-
ing the channels for ocean going vessels
At the ports OF Engineer White, Galvau
and Belgrano, he, Iusc another eat t.
the Atlantic at Hahi, Blanca Wns u.rcs.
sar, 10 aid in cXp"diting this movement.
Prom the first If January 81 t.u
year Just closed To- the rud Of Scptrmhcf
shipments Of oats from Bahia t.lanra
amounted to tl..l9j tons. from Ru,up
Ayres s+.+s2 tons. and from La Plata H.
~ tons. IN. total tountga Of oats
shipl+i from the republic during In,
nine months i-inc 5li,635. During the
same period IA 263 tons uf wheat wclr
embarked a, Bahia Blaura, 1lT,IG6 al
Rosario. 53c.4 s at Bucnos Ayres. 1880
a. La Plata and lo9,3,i at santa Re.
"ut of "a total of 2.ii1,Ui3 tons II Wheat
from all Argentine ports
Next tn Buenp~ .Ayrcs R,hia Blanca Is
the largest wool markrt IN the ARGENTINE
II exports 30 per cent. OF the clip.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-16
Coast Guard Cadets on the Annual Prac

mel in the army. Officsrs of all grades
are entitled to a 10 per cent increase
in pay for each five years OF service
up to 40 per cent. Leave of absence
year, upon the completion of the cadet
cruise and before the commencement of
the academic year
No cadet is allowed to receive finan-
cial assistance, the yearly pay of $500
and communication for one ration at 80
cents a day being regarded as sufficient
for his support. Much of this salary
is required for the cadets expenses.
$3.50 from his own purse first having
to be deposited upon his reporting to
the academy to take the oath of office.
The practice cruise which the Itasca
is taking comprises the period of in
struction at sea each year, and is the
time when the academic teaching and
the study of Autobiography. steam en-
cheering. gunnery, navigation and
kindred subjects are given actual test.
These three four months of sea
training are considered rather strenu
Gus among the cadets. though good
American fun creeps in and ltghtens
some of the busy hours.
One young officer at the present time
engaged in desk duty in the Offices of
the coast guard in the Treasury De-
partment smiled as he recalled one or
two incidents occurring within his ex-
perience, or rather his observation. as
cadet.
THE discipline of the academy is
strict" began the officer, but not irk-
some. Many people feel an awe for the
military method and think 1t unduly
stringent. However at the Coast Guard
Academy the discipline Is only such as
to develop a sense of responsibility.
require the full employment of each
day in study and beneficial recreation
and cause the training of the young
men to be accomplished in the most ef-
fective manner.
with all the strenuous routine and
close observation under which they
live. the cadets have been known to
play some pranks without being caught
by the higher powers. On one cruise
the members of a class did duty as
cadet officers of the deck and as quar-
ter-deck watch, the first class being on
the bridge with the commissioned Of
f1cers of the deck.
1.-The cadet on watch there would fire.
quently feel inclined to get forty winks
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-16

vessels. the recovery and burial OF
unfortunates drowned and floating on
the breast of the waters and medical
and surgical aid to those in physical
distress are among the important fea-
lures
Extinguishing fires on wharves.
fighting forest fires. acting as pilots
in case of an emergency and furnishing
need are further aids of the service.
Protecting wrecked property. offering
means of transportation to other
branches of government service, guard
ing the Alaskan fisheries and enforc-
ing the sponge law are among the
most notable benefits derived through
the coast guard.
Twenty-four cruising cutters, 1S
harbor cutters and 279 coast stations
form the equipment of the coast guard.
From December to April of last year
eleven vessels. including the Itasca-
were given detailed orders by Secretary
McAdoo, the coast guard being a part
of the Treasury Department. to make
continuous patrol of the Atlantic coast
from Eastport. Me, to Cape Canaveral,
Fla These winter cruising cutters
were in addition to the constant pa
trolls maintained during the more dan
and the regular cruising cutters off
shore.
The entire Atlantic coast, from the
most northern point of Maine to Porto
RICO, the waters OF the great lakes.
Hawaii and Alaska to point almost
within sight of the vast white desola
ton of Siberia. all receive their quota
of the coast guard service.
few years ago, when a volcanic
eruption in Alaska created much dis
tress among the natives, missionaries
and fur traders. 1t was one of these
cutters. the Bear, then belonging to
the revenue cutter service alone. that
saved hundreds of lives and prevented
a serious epidemic.
Cadets In the line of the coast guard
are appointed after competitive exam
nations held in Washington and other
cities in June of each year. The ex-
aminations are open to all unmarried
young men who are citizens of the
United States, between the ages of
eighteen and twenty-four, and who
possess the necessary physical. moral
and educational requirements. Obliga-
ting themselves for three years serv-
ice after graduation at the Coast Guard
Academy is also demanded before ap-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-16

war this country had under arms
100000 men. OF them, 20.7o0 had
typhoid. of whom 1880 died. The killed
in action were 243, while $500 died OF
disease. In the Boer war, the English
with $4,000 men engaged, met with
losses about analogous to ours from
battle and disease. They had $500
cases of typhoid.
shortly after the war with Spain
I was ordered to the Philippines. where
about every other native one met was
pitted with smallpox. The disease fill
ed the whole country. The personnel
of the army had been vaccinated and
we vaccinated the natives. We had no
cases of smallpox in the army and
there are no cases among the natives
at the present time. A medical board
was appointed to study tropical dis
eases. but it was dissolved for lack of
the diseases, and it's surviving member
had to go to China to find smallpox
cases.
I'm 1911 I was detailed as chief
surgeon of the Philippine department,
where we had $4,000 troops besides
$500 native scouts. They had suf-
fered quite as heavily as any other
In 1911 they were all shot with pro-
phylaxis, and that was the last we
heard of typhoid among the troops
over there.
Incidentally, the sanitary troops are
doing a lot of other good work in the
army, preventing amoebic dysentery
by means of personal hygiene-that is,
keeping the person clean and protect
ing water and food from flies and
contamination-by protecting the men
with netting from mosquitoes bearing
malaria and yellow fever, and from
typhus fever by keeping the soldiers
free from vermin, but those are not
matters within the scope of this
school"
Capt Reasoner, the chief bacteriolo-
gist, who, in addition to research work
in the laboratory for preventive treat,
ment of many diseases which attack
men individually or more especially
when in masses as in military camp,
conducts clinic in special diseases
and in instruction in the medical
school, and has, rather as an incident.
supervision of making the prophylactic,
showed how the work is done to con-
vert a few million billion bad little
living organisms into as many good
little dead ones.
The work is not very pleasant for the
assistants because much of it must be
done in Theoretically sealed rooms.
where no electric fans are permitted to
stir up the atmosphere lest it should
set in motion some invisible dust. Men
there work in sterilized garments and
not much else unless It be a wet towel
about the head, If the day is hot
After Capt. Reasoner starts colony
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-16

land to study the work of Leishman.
and was given the run of the labora-
tories at the Royal Army Military Col
lege. Then he visited Berlin. where he
saw the Institute for Infectious Dis
eases. Upon his return he took up the
work In our laboratories, creating the
system still employed. One of the diff
ficulties he had to overcome was to find
subjects enough to submit to the inoc-
ulation. After the members of staff
and school had been shot 1t was not
easy to find others, but the members
Of the medical stan in Washington and
their families and some other officers
and their families took the treatment.
and finally he was able to report 1900
successful tnoculations,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-16

it's effectiveness for year. So much
care Is required that it's preparation is
not inexpensive, and, therefore. the
plant is not usually run at full capacity.
With the demand for supplies for the
militia called into the federal service,
it has been run to the limit, and the
highly trained personnel have done all
that could be expected. The school
has met every demand. and we have
such quantities on hand that we can
rest little, feeling sure that no one
will suffer.
"I was commander Of the hospital
ship Missouri in 1898 and treated many
cases of typhoid at that time. In that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-16
RiIe Rebuke.

IT. HE Prince Of Wales has endeared
himself to the British soldiers
fighting in the trenches.
There is a story about a regiment
that the prince recently reviewed. A
soldier in this regiment was noted
equally for his bravery and his unit
diness The prince talked to him for
a few minutes, and the man in his
confusion could stammer nothing but
your Rifle 'Ighness.' Yes. your Rile
'Ighness," mo, your Rifle 'Ighness."
At the end of the interview the prince
said. with a good natured glance at the
soldiers Announcements. disordered az
usual:
Very good, my man, very good;
but, in future, please. not so much Of
the Rifle 'Ighness and little more Of
the pipe-clay.'"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-16

opened by breaking off the neck. The
ampuls are packed in sawdust in boxes
ready for distribution
In practice the sanitary officer uses a
hypodermic syringe and injects at the
first shot" half a centimeter, or $780,
100000 organisms. Ten days later the
second incubation is given. this time
full centimeter. and this is repeated ten
days later. The patient is then i'm
mune from typhoid for at least three
years.
Any one may feel assured that the
prophylaxis is made not only carefully
but Is proved to be exactly what it was
intended to be, harmless to the patient,
but an effective enemy of typhoid. the
greatest danger hitherto known to a
soldier on campaign.