davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1916-11-04
The Practice in Massachusetts,.

L
In the Middescx and Boston rate
case the Massachusetts Public Service
Commission says.
"There has hitherto been little oe-
casion to deal in detail with the prin-
ciple that investment and not reproduce
ton cost is in Massachusetts, the basis
of the relation between the rate-pay-
ing and the investing public; but any
other theory will be found upon an in
vestigation of our statutes and earlier
decisions, to be utterly inconsistent
with Massachusetts law. From the time
of granting the earliest charters in this
commonwealth to railroad corporations
practically all of our legislation, deal
ing with the rights of public service
corporations has zone upon the theory
that their capitalization should be lin
tied to actual capital invested, and
that rates were to be figured upon the
capital-lt is only money honestly and
with reasonable prudence invested in a
public utility that is entitled to earn
full return.
Mr.. Hughes favors permitting the
] idiiiOduS W lNNP NhNAN NhsN ~
sown--so placing an enormous burden
on farmers, merchants and all consul
mers. AS president, he could veto any
legislation of congress, and would also
have the appointment of members of the
Interstate Commerce Commission and of
the United States Supreme court. His
election, would, therefore, mean high
er freight and passenger rates-smal-
Ter profits for the legitimate business
men of the country, and an increase in
the cost of living for all.
In 1912, Mr.. Hughes, in declining TO
become a candidate lor the presidency,
stated in substance that to do SO would
bring the decisions of the United States
Supreme Court into politics
In now becoming candidate he can.
not complain if his decisions are judged
I by the electorate. As the decision IN
the pred Scott ease was a determining
| factor in the election of Abraham Lin
coin. SO the opinions of Mr.. Hughes as
I Justice of the United States Supreme
Court will elect Woodrow Wilson.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1916-11-04
What This Decision Means.

The railroads of the country reeeiv-
ed land grants of l55,000,0o0 acres
one twelfth Of the continental land area
they have been given terminals in ci-
ties, now immensly valuable; aud have
received subsidies of about three,apar'
tiers of billion dollars. As population
increases the value of their lands is
constantly increasing. That value will,
in few years, be doubled.
On this value, created by all the peo'
pie, the Supreme Court decided the rail
roads are entitled to earn the same pro-
fit as ON money they have legitimately
invested. This unearened income will
shortly amount to~a billion dollars
wear. Mr.. Hughes held that the values
created by the people entitlc railroads
to charge the people higher rates.
Mr.. Hughes sincerely thinks in terms
Of privilege and not in terms of peo'
pie.
rosition of the Interstate Commerce
/ Commission.
l In the ease of spokane VS., Northern
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1916-11-04
HEAVY FROST IN THE EAST

"Why did you stop the ice, mother,
The iceman left each day2
Twas not heavy'price, mother,
The iceman made us pay.'
'sMy child, no cake
We need to take,
For Hughes is bound. this wayl'
"Why do you light the fire, mother,
So early in the fall!
The heat you so desire, mother,
May melt our furnace WALL"
1.-THE fire | build
To keep unchilled
When Hughes is in our hall"
"Foreeasts of heavy FROST mother,
| read within the news.
Oh, will our crops be lost mother,
Through frigorifie dews!"
''rhe weather seer
But means, my dear,
The coming here of>Hughesl
"Why does the waiting crowd, mother,
Its various cars enfold
(Or | may say enshoud, mother)
With earmuffs, new or oldP'
'Since they must hear
A Hughes speech, dear,
They guard against the cold!"
en- fill the stove with stacks, mother,
OF coal extremely hard,
And stuff the window cracks, mother,
So that the air is barred.
Here comes the sure
Hughes temperature,
And we must be on guardl
John 0'Keefe, in New York World
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1916-11-04

others interested in the Rural Credits
measure should be careful to discrimin-
ate between these measuree."
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1916-11-04

Wedding Invitations, Announcements
and Calling Cards Printed at the Jour
nal job Department.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1916-11-04
IAN
Commerce Commission said:

Whether under the laws and con
stitution of the United States, our rail
roads can demand a return not only up
on money which has been actually nj
vested in these properties, but also up
on this value, which has grown from
almost nothing to vast proportions with
out the expenditure of money or the as
sumption of risk, is question of trc-
mendous Importance.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1916-11-04
rosition of the Interstate Commerce
Commission.

In the case of Spokane VS., Northern
Pacific railroad company the Interstate
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21


Since Jim Rice became professional
coach of Columbia university's rowing
affairs. in 1907 the blue and white crew
has always been a strong factor in the
annual regatta at Poughkeepsie. Re-
Gently there has been some criticism Of
Rice. 1t was said that he did not give
candidates for the a fair trial and
eliminated some men before they had
a chance to show their ability. Now
it is all changed. Hereafter every I'M
dergraduate who reports regularly for
the crew will be boated in an eight
made up of oarsmen of his caliber.
There will be all grades of crews. The
dormitories will be represented, as will
the different classes. A spring regat-
ia will be held on the Hudson which
will bring these shells into beneficial
and spirited competition. More coaches
will be provided so that every man will
get individual instruction. AS the time
for the big varsity races draws nigh
Rice will devote his attention entirely
to the boat crew, but the inferior Fights
will be supervised by former varsity
stars. There are enough boats to &C.
commodate eighty men. Rice has al
ways sent q well trained crew to
Poughkeepsie. and when he didn't win
he was pushing the leader. He won
the race In 1914.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
Sanford = Great Coach.


1t is no secret that Yale has decided
to make some radical changes in its
coaching system. Probably the blue
will adopt what has proved to be the
efficient method of taking n man.
putting him In control and permitting
him to choose his own assistants.
There appears to be a growing feeling
among prominent Yale alumni that the
man for the place is George Foster
Sanford. Brooklyn alumni have gone
SO far as to state that Sanford would
be their choice. Sanford played CEN
ter for Yale against Princeton and
Harvard in 1891. That was Lee Nc
Clung's team. which had on it such
players as Heffelflnger, Morrison, Hin
key. Hartwell. Bliss and Mccormick.
The following year Sanford broke his
leg just before the Pennsylvania game.
While still an undergraduate he coach
ed the center men on Brink Thorne's
eleven. He has been coaching ever
since. y
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
Hardening Lathe Tools.


A lathe tool is hardened only at the
point and may be tempered by hold
ing the shaft in tongs or pliers and
heating the end until the color appears,
says the Blacksmith and Wheelwright.
Tools for metal turning r tempered
usually to some shade Of yellow, but
the quality Of the steel must always
be considered. Often the tools are
hardened and tempered at a single OPP
Grafton. The steel is heated and the
point only plunged into water. The
tool is then withdrawn, and the heat
in the shank draws the temper.
To obtain the hardest possible cut
ting edge on lathe tools that are used
for turning chilled rolls. in the first
place only the best brands Of cast
steel should be employed, and great
care must be exercised during the forg-
ing. Oyerheating should be vigorously
guarded against. and the steel should
not be allowed to pass the yellow heat
or orange color. The heat for hard
ening should not be much above cher
ry red or q bright red.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
SCIENCE - INDUSTRY.
Animal Life In Raw Salt.

Just west Of Promontory Point sta
ton, Utah, is a pond cut of from the
Great Salt lake by the railroad en-
bankment. At times Of high water in
the lake this reservoir fills by perco-
lation through the embankment, but
during the summer the water is on
centrated to a brine by evaporation.
The deep pink color Of the brine is a
phenomenon that appears in salt ponds
generally when a certain concentra-
ton is reached. In the salt ponds of
San Francisco bay this color is due to
a certain bacillus which lives in sat
urated brines and also in the heaps OF
salt as it is piled for drainage and
shipment. Prohibitive to life as such
an environment might be considered,
strong natural brines are, in fact, In
habited by a number Of minute organ
isms-animals as well as plants. The
pink color disappears in winter or
when fresh water is introduced into
the pond. The Southern Pacific COM
pany has done some experimental
work on preserving piles and railroad
ties by soaking them in the pond
United States Geological Survey.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
Locked up Potash.

About two miles northeast Of Su-
perior, Wyo., are the leucite hills,
which are made up largely of igneous
rocks in the form of volcanic necks,
sheets intruded into the stratiied
rocks and bikes cutting across the
sedimentary strata. Associated with
these intrusive rocks are volcanic
cones and lava flows. These rocks
have long been objects Of scientific in
terest because of their unusual char
acter. Lately they have attracted ad-
ditional interest by reason Of the pot
ash-rich mineral. leucite, they contain,
which may some day be utilized If a
process can be found for extracting
the potash cheaply. 1t has been esti-
mated that the igneous rock Of the
leucite hills contains more than 1877
100000 tons of potash.-United States
Geological Survey. ""
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
FOR LUNCHEON TABLE
PARKER HOUSE ROLLS AND MUE:
FINS THAT ARE DELICIOUS.
Try These When the Family Seems
to Be Getting Tired Of the ordi.
nary 0riddle Cakes or Plain
Hot Bread.

Parker House RoIls.-One cake
yeast, one pint milk. scalded and
cooled. two tablespoonfuls sugar. four
tablespoonfuls lard or butter, melted.
three pints sifted -four, one teaspoon.
full salt.
Dissolve yeast and sugar in luke
warm milk. add lard or butter and
one and one-half pints Of -four. Beat
until perfectly smooth. Cover and let
rise in q warm place one hour, or un.
til light. Then add remainder Of flour.
or enough to make a dough. and the
salt. Knead well. Place in creased
bowl. Cover and let rise in a warm
place for about one and one-half hours.
or until double in bulk. Roll out one
fourth inch thick. Brush over lightly
with melted butter, cut with two-inch
biscuit cutter, crease through center
heavily with dull edge of knife. and
fold over in po~cket-book shape. Place
in w~ell-greased, shallow pans one inch
apart. Cover and let rise until light
about three-quarters. Of an hour.
Bake ten minutes in hot oven.
Wheat Muffins.-One cake yeast, one
cupful milk, scalded and cooled, one
fourth cupful lukewarm water, two ia.
bl%espoonfuls sugar, two tablespoonful
lard or butter, melted, two eggs. two
cupfuls sifted -four, one-half teaspoon.
full salt.
Dissolve yeast and sugar in luke
warm milk. Add the lard or butter,
eggs beaten until light, and flour to
make a moderately stin batter, then
add the salt, and beat until smooth.
Cover and set aside in warm place
for about one hour. When risen, fill
w~ell-greased muffin tins half full. Gov.
er and let rise again for about half
an hour. Bake 20 minutes in a hot
oven. They should be eaten immedi.
ately.
Graham Muffins.-One cake yeast,
two cupfuls milk, scalded and cooled,
four tablespoonful molasses or brown
sugar, thr%ee-fourths cupful chopped
nuts, four tablespoonful lard or but
ter, melted, n egg, one and one-halt
cupfuls graham -four, one cupful sift'
ed white flour, n teaspoonful salt.
Dissolve yeast and sugar. or mo
lasses, in lukewarm milk, add lard or
butter and egg well-beaten, then the
graham and white flour. gradually,
enough to make a batter that drops
heavily from the spoon. If necessary
add q little more Of each, then the
salt and nuts, beating all the while.
Beat until perfectly smooth, cover and
set to rise in warm place, free from
draft, until ~light-about n and one
half hours. Have muffin pans we'll
creased and fill about two-thirds full.
Cover and let rise to top OF pans
about half an hour, and bake 20 min
utes in hot oven.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
simpIe Dessert.

Make a sponge cake and soft Gus
tard; when ready to serve place a slice
of cake on the plate and pour the Gus
tard over 1t. You see, it isn't very
elaborate, but it tastes very nice and
is something different from puddings
made of cake and custard. For Sun
day night why not have a salad? Po-
tato salad which can be made Satur'
day. Then II you have any cold veal
or lamb you can mix it with a salad
dressing, and it makes a very tasty
sandwich filing. These sandwiches,
with sponge drops and fruit custard
and chocolate or tea, would make .
very dainty supper.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
lumpina Letters.

Jump the first letter to the end of
the word and thus have two words ut
terly different in meaning.
1. Jump a soft bodied creature with
eyes at the end of, its horns and have
valued hardware.
2. Jump to run away from danger
and have parties on an outing.
8 Jump al southern vegetable and
have a girls name.
4. Jump the home Of a horse and
have certain household furniture.
8. Jump q sailing vessel and have
parts Of the human body.
answers, snail-nails. 2. scamper.
campers. 3. yam-Amy. 4. stable-ta-
bles. s. ship-hips.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
YOUNG FOLKS CORNER
An Exciting Adventure.

A short time ago-the Minneapolis
Journal tells the story-a boy named
Oscar Pinerd went from Duluth with
a friend on a hunting trip. After the
camp. was built, about twenty miles
from Duluth, the man Of the party set
about getting supper, while the boy
started to chase a rabbit. The chase
led him far into the woods, and as
night came on Oscar could not find the
camp. Presently he found himself in
a swamp and decided that he would
sleep in a tree. That was a place to
see things, Oscar says, and one per-
Torrance that anybody might enjoy
watching vas the chasing and killing
Of a loose by a pack Of wolves. For
three days and nights Oscar did not
dare to leave his tree, except in the
daytime, when he went a little way
for water, but at the end of that time
the bowls Of the timber wolves were
no longer heard, and he set forth again
to find the camp or the road to Du-
luth.
It was an Indian camp that he final
~ stumbled into. His clothing was
torn in rags. and his shoes were nearly
worn out. He was frightened and
hungry, for his exciting experience had
covered six days. An old squaw gave
him food, clothing and shoes and show
ed him the road to Duluth.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
The chiekadee a Bio Eater.

The chickadee is a little bird. smaller
even than the English sparrow. but a
small boy isn't in it with him when it
comes to a big dinner. He will eat
SO the bird experts tell us-2O0 or 300
eggs of the aphis, besides spiders and
beetles and grubs. within an hour.
The aphis is an insect that sucks the
plant juices. and there are c%aterpillars
that eat the leaves. and borers that live
under the bark, all Of which so to
make up the chickadee's bill Of fare.
When the trees are covered with sleet,
however. the birds larder is locked up.
and then he must forage for any ber-
ries that may remain on the shrubs.
That is the time to put a few crumbs
or a handful Of grain at the back door
or to hang a bit Of suet on a tree.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
Speedy Girl Swimmer.

A girl swimming wonder has sudden
" come to light in England, and, like
a real topnotcher. she has at once
started to smash awomen's records.
Miss Connie NJ. Jeans is the name Of
the new phenom. She is a member of
the Nottingham Ladies' Swimming
club. Recently she made an attack on
the 800 yard mark of 4 minutes Is rs
seconds for women. held by Daisy Cur
wen. Miss Jeans covered the distance
In 4 minutes % seconds. thereby knock
ing 2 2-5 seconds of the old mark. The
Nottingham youngster uses the most
up to date style Of crawl. It Is said
that her staying power is marvellous.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
Puff Munns.

Puff mufins are as nice rs anyone
could wish, and contain no egg and but
q tablespoonful of butter. Sift togeth.
or two cupfuls of -four. two heapins
teaspoonfuls of baking powder and .
teaspoonful of salt. Beat into the dry
mixture q cupful Of milk and a table.
spoonful Of melted butter. Beat hard
for ten minutes, using Q large egg.
beater. Then pour into hot creased
muffin pans (iron pans are best) aQd
bake for 10 or is minutes. When I'm.
ished the mufins will be white and
putty.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
Jack johnson In Funds.

Jack johnson, former heavyweight
champion, is still much in the lime
light across the pond in spite of the
war. The big negro is appearing in
vaudeville in the big cities at the pres
ent time. He drives a big racing a
and flaunts all his jewelry. so that
It would appear he is still. well in
funds from his Waterloo at the hands
Of Jess Willard. The big black is still.
fond OF notoriety and has elected him
self a special recruiting officer for the
British. Everywhere he goes he ex-
horts the admiring populace to get out
and fight for King George.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
Cranes Should 30 Safe.

All overhead cranes should be con-
structed in accordance with safety
first principles. The workmen in the
shop should feel that they are perfectly
safe with the crane passing back and
forth over them with loads of any
kind. If this freedom from anxiety 10
not present enough time will be lost ~
the workmen lodging the crane load to
Offset the time saved BY the crane
Engineering Magazine.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21

A very interesting game to play is
called dressing the lady" Everybody
gets around in a ring, and then It fs
agreed that certain colors must not be
mentioned. Suppose they are red,
white and blue. Then each one asks
the next how her lady is to be dress
ed for the ball. This question goes
around the ring. and any n mention
Ing the forbidden colors must 80 out
Of the ring. The object Of the game is
to 90 which. one can keep up the long
est Much fun may be derived from
this game.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
Lock For Motorcar.

A lock for m%otorcars that prevents
them from being driven off under their
own power or towed away has just
been patented by two New York in
ventors. 1t holds one of the wheels
on the front truck in a DETECTED posi-
ton so that the automobile could travel
only in a circle.
The device includes a big sliding
bolt or barrier. as the inventors call 1t,
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
fhinaa lna Raa.

Here b q game called things In 4
bag. The game Is played thus:
Articles such as spoons. curriers',
boxes, scissors. ETC.. are placed In q
bag. One Of the players holds the bag.
while each of the others takes a turn
in feeling the articles in it The time
allowed for doing this is about two
minutes, and about two minutes are
given to write them down. The one
who can guess and enumerate the most
articles In the limited time wins the
game. y
This game affords great pleasure to
young folks.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
Tte School Report.

The School Report.
In reading ! am good" It says.
In spelling .ssxceilent,"
And always In geography
I get q high Per cent.
I'm good" too, In arithmetic,
In music and the rest
And father says he's glad to know sHSs
N school I do my best. u
But thsnl he snakes his head and says
Ho wonders how 'twould be
Ii teacher asked him to make out
Fl A ''homs report for me.
There's ..rising early. '.bed on time"
And ..minding promptly" too.
And table ways" and ''cheerfulness,"
And 'sllttls things to de-"
In some perhaps / might get "good:'
In others, ] am sure.
NJ marss would not DO more than .'fair.'
And some would be Just poor"
Youths Companion,
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
c~eooraphiea, Game.

Here Is a game that requires a bit of
thinking.
. Let each person write on a piece of
paper the name Of some city, town or
country. Shuttle these tickets together
in a basket, and whoever draws out
n is obliged to give an account Of
some product, either natural or manu-
featured, for which that place is re-
markable. .@
This game brings out a number Of
curious bits of information which the
players may have CLEANED in reading
or travelling and which they might new
er have mentioned to mi another but
from such a motive.
For instance. Iceland produces abun-
dance Of Iceland moss, which is used
as medicine. but in the native country
it Is used as food. etc. .--.f r."
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
inexpensive Punch.

Through the winter, as you open
Jars of strawberry, raspberry. pine
apple and cherries, save the extra
Juice until you have enough to I'LL
pint Jars. Heat and seal; then when
you make punch, simply make lemon.
ade, Of orange and lemon Juice mixed.
and add . pint Of this Juice and q few
bananas sliced. Serve ice cold.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
Orange omelet.

Orange Omelot.
Three eggs, two oranges, two table
spoonfuls of sugar, dash Of salt.
To the beaten egg yolk one-half cup
full Of orange juice is added, grated
orange rind, sugar and salt. The stif1y.
beaten whites are folded in, and the
omelet put in a hot buttered pan.
When ready to serve 1t Is placed on
q hot platter, topped by sliced oranges.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21

which in its locked position impinges
against the inner side Of one Of the
front wheels, holding it in its Offset
position. This large bolt or barrier Is
controlled by a patent lock. The pro-
truding end Of the barrier is casehard-
ened so that it cannot be cut and is Of
such size that an attempt to bend or
break it with a sledge would result
only in breaking the axle. &
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
naxia Como to life.

last spring John McGraw was con-
sidering the advisability Of firing Larry
Doyle because Of his poor hitting.
Larry took the. tip and began to hustle.
He finished at the top Of the National
league hitters for 1915 and Is now q
fixture at the Polo grounds.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
Why priIje ereak.

Most drills are broken by unfair
usage, such as crowding too hard be-
fore the drill has entered It's fun cut
Or after the point has come through
tho work.-Popular Mechanics.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21
Annstixlna Luncheon.

Appstixins Luncheon. :
Canned shrimps cooked In Q chat.
ing dish and served with cream sauce
and green peas mako Q most satisfee
tory luncheon didA.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1916-01-21

Five Years Ago There We're Scarcely
Half a Dozen American Cities Which
Realized They Had a Housing Prob
lem, but a General Awakening Has
Taken Place,