Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-08-23
PAVING PRESENTS
MANY PROBLEMS
- IN, - '-''S~'F- : n -'se@.A-'
Concrete Pavement Has Many Adj
vantages-Will Last for Years
Requires No Upkeep
for Long Time.

81 A~SAWAANo A\V ~ PnOCP
for Long Time.
The paving question is one which
the city of Warren will have to take
up sooner or latcr-ond the sooner
the better. We therefore publish
the following article from the Grand
Rapids Herald-Rcview, which tells
how the problem is handled in the
village Of Grand Rapids. Grand
Rapids IS town about the size Of
Warren and has over a mile Of con-
crete paving.
'The work of paving four addi-
tional blocks of Grand Rapids streets
undoubtedly marks the beginning Of
further municipal work in the vii
lage. Already more paving is being
planned and there is a general de-
mand for street improvement. That
which is now being done will cost
approximately fourteen thousand
dollars. 1t is constructed entirely of
concrete. Upon this subject there
has been in time past considerable
discussions; some have favored one
and some another kind of pavement
construction. The problem was put
before the council and quite care
fully thrashed out and the concrete
pavement was the result. There are
several other kinds in use in Mime
sofa towns. Hibbing is installing
the Ta1via, combination tar, as
phalt and crushed rock mixture, a.
very popular pavement. This is
priced at about dollar and thirty
five cents per square yard. Another
cheaper pavement is bitholitic, also
being installed in various range
towns, and creosoted blocks are also
widely used. These kinds have the
advantage of being cheaper, with the
exception of the creosoted blocks,
than concrete and another advantage
is that they are quieter. However,
all require an upkeep expense each
year while the concrete does not re-
quire this expense. The cement
paving is costing Grand Rapids
about a dollar and seventy cents per
yard, which is very reasonable for
that type Of construction. It will
require no upkeep for a period Of
twenty years and even then when
it may become rough the process
will consist Of tearing away the top
and of laying creosoted blocks or
some other kind of pavement on
this foundation.
"The specifications which were
laid down for the present work, are
complete. Besides the usual speci-
fications there are many others
which are of interest to the general
public. The earth excavation, for
bringing the street down to the re-
quired grade, is paid for separately
and this work must be done WELL
The ground, after being brought to
the required grade, must be thor
oughly rolled, the roller weighing
not less than ten tons, and all of
the surface must be traversed by
this roller at least three times and
soft and defective places receive
special treatment.
"The pavement, which is used,
consists Of two courses. The first
or. base mixture consists of one
sack of cement, two cubic feet of
fine aggregate which consists large
ly of sand-and four cubic feet of
crushed granite or trap rock over
one-fourth inch and not over two
and one-half inches in size. This is
laid to the depth of four and one
half inches. The wearing course,
which is placed on top, is one and
one-half inches in depth. This is a
combination Of one sack of cement
and two cubic feet of the aggregate
which consists Of stone screenings of
various size not to evceed one-half
inch. This course is laid not more
than thirty minutes after the base
has been spread and it is finished
smooth. These details are of great
Importance.
"The contractor must not only fol-
low all of the rules laid down by the
engineer but must also guarantee his
work. At the completion Of his con-
tract he is to furnish a surety bond
guaranteeing the pavement against
settlements, upheaval or disintergra-
ton or any defects Of workmanship,
for a period of two years and any
defects which might show at that
time must be made good. Defects
in paving show up during the first
two years Of it's life, and if none APP
pear during this time the work is
well done. The present contracts
call for the completion Of the work
by the first Of October and every
thing must be in good order by that