davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
War Ends Drevfus Affair,

Paris. July 12.-The war is expected
to terminate all controversy over the
Dreyfus affair. which was still n sub
.iect of division among Frenchmfn ut
the beginning of hoStilitieS. The Roy
alist paper. Action Franchise. has drop
ped its daily reminder of what it de-
clared to he irregularities committed
by the court of appeals i'm favor of
Dreyfus. and papers of all shades of
opinion do honor to those involved on
both sides of the question who have
DISTINGUISHED themselves in the war.
Besides Pierre DreytuS. the COM
mandantS son. who was recently cited
for heroic conduct at Douaumont,
Emile DreA1us, his nephew. was kill
ed in the battle of Champagne Just
after he had received the cross of the
Legion of Honor. Commandment Drey-
fus himself is still commanding the ar
tillery of a sector of the %intrenched
camp of PoriS.
OF the men identified with the move
ment against DrcyfuS, Colonel du Patty
de Clam and his 0 n have all won the
war cross and all of them have been
promoted in the Legion of Honor.
Commandment Lauth has been promoted
lieutenant colonel, while Commandments
Panttin dc Saint-MoreI and Antoine
have Won the stars of general.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
SIMPLE WAY TO TEST SOILS
Many Farmers Waste Years Trying tc
Farm Sour Lands.

Buy a few cents worth of HYDRO
chloric acid, also litmus paper at the
druggists. Then test the various soils
on your farm. With a spade or large
hugur take a soil sample to a depth
OF seven inches, mixing it well, writes
l.. G. Lett in the Orange Judd Farmer.
Now, with a handful of this moist
sample make a saucer shared form.
Pour in a little of the acid, being care
1nl not to drop any on your hands or
clothes. as it burns. If the result is
quite free hubbling or ~cffervescenco if
shows that the soil contains consider
able limestone. but little or no fnamiuc
indicates deficiency of lime. Make this
test with soil known to he rich III Time
or with a sample to which You have
added lime, then with soil poor in lime
and You will see the difference diStinct-
~. Now. make a ball of moist earth
from another handful of the same sam.
pie of soil. break it in two. Law ON one
part a hit of the blue litmuS pa,nr
leave for a few moments. then open
the ball again. If the blue paper has
turned red the soil is sour or acid and
probably quite deficient in lime. If it
keeps rcd after drying the soil is very
sour. If the blue paper does NOT
change color then test the soil moiS-
turo with rec litmuS paper. If it turns
blue the soil is alkali and not Solr.
NO amount of reading or talking will
teach You half as much as for ynf to
max" these tests yourself. Many farm
ers vast" years trying to farm sour
land or that poor in lime. whereas hy
testing il in this cas- way they can
see at once what it needs.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
Johnny A%ppIeseed Monument.

Fort Wayne. Ind. July PA mon,l.
mont in memory of John Chapman,
better known as '.Johnny Applcseed."
pioneer orchardist of Indiana and Ohio,
was unveiled in Swinney park here.
The monument consists of a huge
granite holder bearing a bronze tablet
with the following inscription: ".John-
NY Appleseed John Chapmanl; born in
Massachusetts. 1876; died near Fort
Wayne 1913: buried in David Archer
cemetery; pioneer apple grower of In
diana and Ohio. The Indiana Horf-
cultural society and all those who are
r~ldeaNorlng to carry ON the work he
n"bly commenced join. dedicating the
monument t" the memory of his
lnnIS."
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28

ducks do. it literally runs. which ac-
counts for the second part of its
name. The standard weight of the In
dian Runner drake is about four and a
half pounds and of the duck four
pounds. Runners are excellent layers.
good foragerS and. given plenty of
ground. enjoy finding a large part of
their OWL food. They are not fond of
confinement. but are very hardy and
comparatively easy to raise. Fol mar
ket purposes their size is rather against
them, although the flesh is of excellent
quality.
One of the most popular breeds of
ducks in this country both for beauty
and marketing purposes is the Rouen,
which came originally from Normandy.
The standard weight Of the Rouen
drake is about nine pounds and of the
luck eight pounds. The flesh is con
siderel especially delicate and of deli
ciouS flavor. and the bird is also very
easily fattened, is very prolific and
hardy. Altogether the Rolen duck is
rated as one Of the most profitable
breeds to raise. and the Eggs are espe-
cially delicious and rich.
Unlike the Roueus. the Peking ducks
are very timid and need To he handled
with care. They are splendid layers.
however. are easily raised. mature ear
ly. are very hardy and make excellent
table fowls. the weight of the drake
averaging from eight to nine pounds
and the duck weighing from seven to
nine pounds. On the whole. the Pekiny
duck is considered the most popular
breed of duck we have. and the other
breeds are usually judged for practical
qualities by the Peking.
There are. of course. MANY other
kinds. such rs the Nuscoyy. Cayuga.
Avlesbury, Blue Swedish. Black East
India. Crested White. etc. and Of these
the Blue Swedish is particularly at
trartive. but the three kinds described
above may be counted upon to give the
average c%ountryman the most sa~tisfac-
ton and for all practical purposes
stand highest in popular esteem.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
OUR FIRST PRESIDENT.

New York state had no Part in the
election of the first president of the
lni1ed States. For some years follow
ing the establishment of the federal
government the legislatures of most of
the states chose the presidential cleo
tors, the people voting for them only
indirectly, their choice being expressed
by their votes for legislators. \ dead
lock between the senate and the as.
senbly prevented the selection of cleo
tors from New York state. Rhode Is
land and North Carolina had not vet
ratified the constitution. so Washington
was elected the first time by the votes
Of only ten of the thirteen states.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
GRAIN FOR CALVES.
Mixture Suitable For Youngsters In
Conjunction With Skimmilk,

0S'JH''SSioif WV oNIfIfIIIilS.
Any of the following grain mixtures
will. we believe, prove satisfactory for
calves, says Honrd'S Dairyman:
'"rnmeal gradually changed to she'll
ed corn. with or without wheat bran.
Whole oats and ground I the lat
ter replaced by SHIELDED corr after four
to six weeks.
Whole oats and wheat bran.
Ground barley and wheat bran.
These and good. bright hay should.
of course, he fed as supplements to
skimmilk, not as substitutes for skim
milk. at least until the calf is -four
to five months old. After this time it
will he we'll to substitute ground grain
for the whole grain. and unless legumr
hay is leing fed the grain mixture
should contain somewhat more protein
tina that used to supplement tho skim
milk. At this time Il grain mixture of
300 pounds of wheat bran, oM pounds
Of ground oats and 1n pounds of oil
meal will supplement tho mixed hay
nicely.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
Germans Must Eat Less.

Amsterdam, July FIN the course
of Il debate in the reichst;,g on the food
question Baron Won Stein. u~nlcrsecre.
1nry Of state. emphasized the fact that
there is q sufficient quantity, but nor
an excess. of potatoes.
He reported. according to Berlin dis
patches. that cattle has declined - per
cent since december, 1915; pigs 21 per
rent, For the near future. he added.
the greatest possible restriction of con-
sumption is necessary.
\ member painted out that Germany
possessed 3.NW,tDO fewer head of cattle
than Il year g and that a scarcity
would prevail in the very near future.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
Retire Three Battleships,

Washington, July 1O.-The .Alabama,
Ohio and Georgia are to he stricken
from the navy roster as real fighting
units and probably will end their DAYS
as training ships for the naval reserve.
The Alabama. flagship of the reserve
fleet. and the Ohio are at the Philadel-
phia navy yard. The Georgia is now
on her way to Join the reserve fleet.
The Alabama was laid down twenty
years ago and is a 12.OOO ton ship. The
Ohio and Georgia. built a few years
later, are virtually tho same size.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28

New York city was tho scene of the
first inauguration. however. WnShinr-
ton took the oath on the portiro Of
Federal hail, N the present site ut the
S~ubtrraSnrN. ut Wall and Nassau
streets. April 80. 1850. ImmoGiatcly
following this ceremony he retired
Within the building and delivered an
address to congress. which me- i'm Fed.
eral hall in those days. John ADAMS.
the second president. also addressed
congress in person. but jefferson lrokc
the custom which President Wilson has
revived, Jefferson stigmatizcd that
form of address as monarchicnl and
put his message in writiny.-Ncw York
Sun.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
Swedes Use Old Ships.

example of the extraordinary straits TO
which shipping has been reduced for
want of vessels is told in a dispatch
to the ElkStrahladct from Svendborg.
Anything that can be loated is pressed
into service.
Two sailing vessels, one the Marie
of Troense, which was built in 1776.
and another, the Tvende Brodre of
Marshal, built in 17S6, have been rugged
up and sent ont to enter the conlpeti-
ton for the enormous freight rates
which are now being offered every
where.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
SHADE FOR SHEEP.
Animals Must Be Protected From the
Sun In Hot Weather..

Sun In Hot Weather.
Sheep must have shade during the
summer months. | have e ilocks of
sheep lying under the h~listering heat
of a July sun without any protection
whatever, writes u. Prownant in the
Farm and Fireside. 1t is hardly nee
essary to say that t1ocks treated thus
will pay their owners little. if any.
profit. Sheep are affected more by
the heat of the sul. it given no protec-
ton in hot weather. than any other
farm animal. although hogs also suffer
Il good deal.
\ good wood lot. if it is fairly open
and contains sorething else besides
nnderhrush for the sheep to feed ON
makes excellent summer quarters for
the flock. 1t should not he low, wet
and sta"nant. If it is the flock had
better not he allowed there. as low.
wet places during hot weather are
raised in this country. Also such
places are usually infested With count
less millions of mosquitoes. and live
stock are literally eaten alive. be-
lievc If he owner who keeps stock in
such places We're obliged to spend a
few hours a day there himself he
would I've more reasonable.
If there is nc other way open to pro-
vide shade for the flock take a little
time and make some. \ good plan is
to set some short posts in the ground.
Just high enough 50 that the sheep
can get under them. and make a root
owe them. the size Of the roof to build
and the amount Of posts to set depend
ing upon the size Of the flock. 1t
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28

mentioned in that connection. Dur
ing the present conflict Spain has
l'ean strictly neutral. The king Of
Spain is connected by blood and mar
riage ties to both sides Of the contest.
His wife. Queen Victoria. belongs to
the English royal family. she being
first cousin to King George v. His
mother. the Dowager Queen Marie
christina. was an Austrian arclldurh-
c>S. She is a sister of .Archlule Fred
erick. commandments of the Aus
trian armies. and her SympathieS natu-
rally are With the Tcutonic allies.
King Alfonso is so popular with all
his brother monarchS. and equally pop
ular in republican France. that it is
not improbable that he may he chosen
as a peace mediator in the end. He is
a great favorite with the emperor of
AUSTRIA. to whom he has sometimes
@on for advice, and his position at
the English our is cordial and init
mate. His silence on all matters touch
ing the wal has shown wisdom and
discretion.
Alfonso was born in May. 1856. and
was married to Princess Victoria of
Battenber@ in 1906. They have six
living children. and another died at
birth. The crown prince and heir APP
parent. Don Alfonso. prince of the
Asturias. is now nine years of age.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
Bio E|yinu Boat School,

New York, July 11.-FolloWing his
plan for developing aerial transporta-
ton. Rndman Wanamaker of philadel-
phia and New York will establish here
the largest hydroaeroplane school in
the country. The school will be con-
Quoted 10y the American Transoceanic
company. which recently incorporated
to take charge of the Transatlantic
flight which Mr.. Wanamaker has plan
ned later in the year.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
VARIETIES OF c
Rouens and Pekings Most Popular For
Market Purposes.

AS to the different breeds of ducks
and their popular characteristics. if a
breeder wants a duplicate of the White
hoose the Indian Runner. AS the name
implies. it came originally from In
dia. and instead of waddling. as most
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28

should be large enough that the sheep
can get in the shade without crowd
Ing. The boards forming the roof
oul he nailed down so that they
Will not he blown off. The roof may
be made fiat and out of material that
IS too worthless for other purposes
and Will pay very we'll for the few
hours time needed to make it.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
A Memorial for .John Rrouun

Meadville. Pa. July 12.-The National
Historical society has bought five acres
of land twelve miles east Of here,
which was formerly owned by John
Brown of civil war fame and upon
bic he built a tannery. The society
Will mcloSc tho land and erect a suita-
bic marker to bis memory.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
President to Accept Lincoln Farm.

Washington. July 1l.-President Will
son has accepted an invitation to go to
Hodgcnsvillc. Ky. Sept. 4, to take part
in exercises marking the formal pres
entation to the federal government Of
the farm on which Abraham Lincoln
was born. Secretary Baker and Sena-
tor Williams of Mississippi will also
deliver addresses.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
ventilation and sunlight defeats

of ventilation and sunlight defeats its
ends.
Summing up. the purpose OF housing
animals is to protect them from the
weather as far as is consistent with
proper ventilation and the entrance of
sunlight and to afford the maximum
ease. comfort and economy in caring
fol them.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
Uncle Sam Refused Machine Gun,

Washington, July 1n.-.\n automatic
gun that weighs only Il tritlc more than
the ordinary rifles used by the Spanish
American volunteers during the war
With Spain is conceded to he one of the
most remarkable war weapons ever in
vented.
Like many other remarkable arms
inventions. Uncle Sam was the first to
WHOM it was offered by its inventor,
Colonel l.. \. Lewis. l.. s. A.. retired,
but it WAS not adopted.
The effectiveness of the Lewis gun
as Il weapon Of defense has been well
demonstrated by the Belgiuns. At the
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
Eyes on SPANS Monarch.

London, July 1O.-Nalcn the war
ring nations agree to suspend HOSTILE
ties it is more than likely that Alfonso
NIL. of Spain will be asked to act
as one of the mediators. In
deed. his name has frequently been
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28

Unless milk vessels are properly
cleansed it is impossible to produce
high grade butter and cream. The
vessels should first be washed in
cool or tepid water and thoroughly
scrubbed with brushes. Then they
should be rinsed with boiling wa
ter or subjected to live steam. Aft
er cleansing the vessels should be
aired in the sun. The rack shown
is used at the government expert
ment station. Beltsville, Md.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
AGlanceatC urrentTop and Events

very beginning of the war. when the
neutrality of King Albert's country
was being violated, the Belgians were
able. through the use of the Lewis gun,
which had been adopted by the Bel
slan government. to withstand the Ger
man advance nearly two months.
! Inc magazine is a s~procket-like wheel,
holding forty-seven shells. 1t can
throw these shells at a maximum of
quo shots a minute, or ten shots every
second. The gun has been adopted by
England and France. and in the latter
country more of these guns are being
turned out every day than the total
amount OF machine gun equipment in
possession of the United States gov
ernmcnt-
School Will Train Submarine Officers.
Washington, July 11.-EstabliShment
of a new school at New London, Conn.,,
for tho practice of submarine opera
ton was announced by Secretary Dan
1elS. The first class of officers had to
report on July | for six months train
ing. They then We're assigned to duty
with the underwater craft.
The plan was suggested by Rear Adj
milal Grant. chief of the submarine
fiotilla. Instruction will include care
full preparation for the engine and bat
terry difficulties officers may expect to
encounter with submcrsihlc>.
Secretary Daniels said that he found
the navy with only nineteen officers.
thirteen of whom were ensigns less
than three years IL of the Naval
academy. assigned to submarine duty.
He therefore reorganized the tlotilla
and established a school Of officers on
the cruiser Columbia and was CON
WINGED now that to prepare for the
large increase in tho submarine service
contemplated by the pending appro-
lriation bin additional means Of train
ing was necessary.
1T is planned" Mr.. Daniels said.
that officers. when they graduate
from the school. shall be appointed to
subordinate positions on board boats
and be placed in command only after
they have been trained and proved
their aptitude for submarine work."
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
New York the LEADING Port.

Washington. July 1O.-New York has
become the greatest commercial port
III the. world. a computation made by
the bureau Of foreign and domestic
commerce in the department of labor
OF the commercial standing of all the
leading trade centers of the world
h"Ws that New York had in 1919 a
total of foreign trade amounting to
$2,125,ONN,O0o. This is $2W.OOO,OOO
more than London can claim. The ex-
ports from New York in 1918 totaled
S1.1o4 100000. as compared with $780,
~ credited to London. The fig.
ures for some OF the cities represent,
the last available year of record. The,
relative standing Of the various COM,
mercial ports of the world is shown,
IN the following table prepared at the
bureu of foreign and domestic COM,
mcrcp:
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28

The oxford Down breed of sheep
is the result of a double cross. be-
ing made up of the Hampshire eve,
a cross bred animal, With a Cots
void ram. Next to the Hampshire
the oxford is the largest of this
class of sheep. 1t is an excellent
mutton sheep, and the fleece is a
good Worsted wool and weighs sew
en- pounds on the average. The an
lmal shown is an oxford wether.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28
Just How Far Should One Go
In Covering Live Stock
GIVE WEATHER PROTECTION
Animals Which Are Closely Housed DO
Not Have the Vigor Which Is De-
ve|oped Under More Vigorous Condi-
tions, but Being Exposed to Ex-
tremes In the Elements Invariably
Reduces Size of Cows.

Just how far one should go in pro-
tecting animals from the weather is a
problem which has not been satiSfac-
torily solved. writes w. X. Brainard in
Hoard's Dairyman. 1t has been repeat
eddy demonstrated that animals which
are closely housed do not have the
vigor which is developed under more
rigorous conditions. On the other hand,
the maintaining of animals exposed to
extremes of weather invariably reduces
the size and. in COWS. the capacity for
milk production.
The old time basement stables We're
seldom higher than seven or eight feet
and We're usually absolutely without
light or ventilation except for the doors
and crack Oh one or two sides Of the
building which We're not banked with
earth. These barns We're most popular
about twenty-five years ago and may
now be seen very generally throughout
the corn belt and other sections Of the
country which were the most prosper
GUS at that time.
These types of barns probably con-
served the bodily heat of the animal
to better advantage than any devised.
but it was soon learned that. while
the primary object Of housing ami
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1916-07-28

While q pond or stream is a val
liable adjunct to a uck farm, it
IS not Indispensable. a swimming
pond reduces. the labor in caring
for ducks, but many duck farms
are successfully operated without
this convenience. the only water the
birds get being furnished in drink
ing vessels. The birds shown are
a Picking luck and drake.
New Britain herald., 1916-12-09
CHARMINGLY DAINTY CAMISOLES

to a is
  f
New Britain herald., 1916-12-09

Dispatches from Paris published in the newspapers have been speaking of | Considerable alterations at the 1 front,' of steps taken and to be taken in reorganizing the high com- mand" and of the Organization of an interallied command,' all implying that General Joffre is to quit his pres ent post.
 That the great French commander is about to retire from active service in the field will come as a surprise to most people. It is felt that Gen. eral Joffre has done his work. He has organized a superb defense and made the French army an instrument that is capable of bringing victory to the allied arms under younger and more active man. Joffre is sixty-four.
 When the decision was reached that General Joffre should relinquish his command General Petain, command CT of the French forces in the notable successful resistance of the German attempt to take Verdun, was picked as JOffre's successor. Difficulties arose. however, over accomplishing the con- templated change. It is understood that the proposal to Petain was that he should command personally and di- rectly, all the allied forces in France French, British and Belgian.
 Petains rise in rank and fame has been remarkable. At the beginning of the war he was only a colonel of infantry.
New Britain herald., 1916-12-09

1 It has been proposed to transfer i General Joffre to an important post, perhaps in a military advisory capac- ity or to the civic establishment, quite
 likely as minister of war. But the old soldier is believed to have vetoed the suggestion. As this phase of the matter Is interpreted, Joffre is sup { posed to have become aware of the , intention to remove him. It has therefore obviously become necessary to put somebody in his place at once. lie can now retire as a popular hero, honored and respected by his country- i men and famous throughout the world as one of the great strategists of modern times.
 Failing Petain, various French gen. erals who have shown ability in the great war have been suggested in con- nection with the choice of suc- cessor to Joffre. Among them are, Foch and Castelnau. Petain, how-, ever, i@ credited with the suggestioaa that General Nivelle, who succeeded him in command of the forces ati Verdun and who is his junior in rank, { be placed in command of all the' forces in France. This suggestion hast behind 1t the force of one of the most striking achievements of the. war theil recovery by General Nivelle at a. single stroke of almost all the ter ritory gained by the Germans before Verdun.
 No. in picture, Joffre, talking toll Castelnau (Joffre at right); No. 2, Castelnau; No. 3, Foch; No. 4, Petatn Gin Center1