davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1916-01-14
UNCLE SAM, Esq.
Presidents and Depart
mentS.
By Oliver Owen Kuhn.
Copyright, 1851

The President of the United States
stands as general superintendent in
his relations with the heads OF the
great departments into which, for the
sake of convenience. efficiency and
proper subdivision of labor, the gov
ernment of the United States is divided.
Nominally supreme in the direction of
the affairs of the departments, the Sec
retaries take no momentous steps with
out first consulting with the chief ex-
ecutive. Though the general admins
tration of affairs of the departments
Is solely in the hands of the men des-
ignated as secretaries, and though
these secretaries, who compose the
Presidents cabinet. discharge the bulk
of their duties without reference to the
President. innovations, new measures
OF Importance and big questions in
volving administrative policy are al
ways mulled over in executive ses-
sion" or in consultation with the Pres
ident, and often with secretaries of
other departmenfs
Evening star., 1916-01-14
Goldenberg's Forfeit Match.

The Goldenbergs forfeited to the
Gandils In the Arcade League. There
was a forfeit in another circuit, too.
the High Level team failing to appear
FOR all its games with the Baltimore
and Ohio quint in the Terminal Y. NJ.
e. \. organization.
The Navy took a fall out of the
J AlGitors in the Departmental League,
ginning all three games. Risler and
Goddard were the stars of the match.
'<ing solomon and Osiris were the
: uners in the Masonic League the
rer taking two out of three from
= Johns, and the latter making a
- can sweep over Lebanon. Ghaconas
the King solomon quint was the
,sh man OF the two matches, having
81 ores of lis, 125 and 90.
The scores of last nights matches:
f-ITy POST otETrE
Evening star., 1916-01-14
Photographic Chemicals Explode.

Photographic chemicals in the house
of T.. l.. Howard. go 9Th street south
east, exploded and caused excitement
last night about o'clock. Firemen
who responded TO an alarm we're not
required to perform service. occupants
of the house having extinguished the
hlaze before their arrival. No damage
resulted.
Evening star., 1916-01-14
Where Are These
Wandering Boys Tonight?

~NSIDE a snow hut, somewhere be-
yond the arctic circle, Vilhjalmur
i Stefansson is waiting for spring and
the rescue party that will carry him
home See Stefansson's picture, and the
picture OF eight other men and one woman
the explorers of the world, the people
who risk their lives to discover a new
island in the Arctic ocean or bug in the
tropics. Their pictures and stories are
in our next Sunday Magazine.
Evening star., 1916-01-14

navy yard. Puget sound. Wash. to wait
orders.
Naval Movements.
The Yankton, Sonoma and the Sal.
Francisco arrived at Culebra January
13; the Raleigh, at Mare Island jan
uary 13; the Raleigh. at San Francisco
January IS; the Prairie. at Cape Hal
tien January 13; the Patapsco. at Gu
Zebra January 13: the New Orleans, at
San Diego January 13; the Lebanon, at
Culebra January 13; the Iroquois. at
San Pedro January 10: the DUBUQUE.
at Culebra January IS, and the Balti-
more, at Culebra January 13.
The G-1 sailed from New London,
January 13. for the New York yard; the
G-2, from New London, January 13, for
the New York yard; the Ga. from New
London. January 13, for the Newffork
yard; the HI. from San Pedro. January
IL, for Mare Island: the Iroquois. from
San Pedro, January 13, for Mare Island.
and the Mars. from San Diego, jan
uary 13, for Balboa
Evening star., 1916-01-14
Work Is Dovetailed.

The work Of the departments so dove
tails together; the affairs of each are so
involved with those of the others, that
IN no other manner can the govern
ments administration program be car
ried out. For example:
some time back a question arose
which directly involved the Depart
ment of Commerce, or. rather, an i'm
portant bureau of that department. The
points of citizenship. Before this ques-
ton was disposed of it had taken in the
state Department. certain phases of in
seraI,lona nd hla a. relations being involved,
partment Of Justice. international as
well as federal law points being
brought into the question.
OFTEN a problem originating, let US
say, IN the Department of Agriculture,
requires. before it is settled, consulta-
tions between the Secretary of that de-
partment, the Attorney General, the
state Department, the Treasury De-
partment; the Department of Commerce
and the President. Perhaps the ques-
ton involves matters pertaining to the
collection of customs dues, in which
case the Treasury Department has a
direct interest. The right to collect
dues may have to be determined by the
Department Of. Justice. which may call
on the State Department.. for interpre-
tation of certain points of commercial
treaties or a citizenship phase may re-
qulre- the reference of disputed or OBJ
scure points to the Department of Com
merce. In all of these mazes of inter
national and federal law, treaties,
rights and privileges and the usages of
precedent the interests of the various
departments are so intimately inter-
woven that cooperation and consulta-
tion are absolutely necessary to arrive
at correct solution. And in these con-
ferences the President assumes-must
q Onpy4a h htV,rx
an impartial umpire consulting counsel
and adviser all in one
Evening star., 1916-01-14
and possessed OF the courage Of their
convictions.
The secretaries OF the departments

and possessed OF the courage Of their
The secretaries Of the denartments
com""-- >';--'@~--'
-. AZ speecn ON the floor OF
the upper house disclosed the fact that
he was still ignorant of this. The
course. the Secretary of State, and
through his department are carried on
all the infinitely delicate and little
lations of the United states with the
governments of foreign nations. 1t is
true that communications from the
state Department to foreign govern
the diplomatic representative IN such
nations of this country-are signed by
the Secretary of State. laconically with
SUCH Secretary's last name; but matters
OF weight to be made subjects of dis
cussion with foreign powers are not
put in final shape and dispatched to
our diplomats abroad until the Presi-
dent has gone carefully over them and
until they have at last received the
presidential o. K.
Presidents Must Approve.
While not to such q great extent, i'm
portant decisions OF the other depart
ments are not made until the President
has approved tho measures or the terms
in which the language of the measures
are couched. Presidential approval is
required. for example. II the Secretary
of the Interior wishes to set aside areas
of public lands for specific purposes.
though the order directing the action
bears only the name of the Secretary
Treaties between the United States and
other countries are framed. in the State
Department. and often are the work Of
the Secretary of that department. but
before they become operative they must
receive not only the presidential o. K.
Evening star., 1916-01-14
Friction Nulls Effort.

So, it is easy to see that If the bust.
ness of the government is to proceed
in an orderly, efficient manner, the re-
lations between the President and the
departments, as represented by their
heads, must be harmonious, friendly
and marked by a spirit of thorough CO.
operation and interdependence. Fric-
ton between the chief executive and
the heads of the departments, or be-
tween the departments themselves. can
and more than once has-brought to
nausht policies of almost vital impor-
tance. Men yet active in politics can
recall more than one instance in which
parties have been hopelessly divided
and political fortunes wrecked by lack
of harmony, by antagonisms within
cabinets and by the schisms which have
developed by reason of a chief execu-
tive trying to drive a team composed
of members of widely divergent opinion
Evening star., 1916-01-14
Thieves Overlook $500 in Cash.

Robbers today visited the drug store
of Morgan Brothers. 3001 r street
and stole quantity OF
cigarettes. The police were told that
the intruders overlooked q package
contsjping about $500 II cash.
Evening star., 1916-01-14
Was Threatened With
Bubonic Plague.

city health authorities, the state au-
thorities and the public health service
at washington all got busy on those
cases.
what shall We do about it?" the city
ccmmission asked the public health
service.
The public health service replied that
rats spread bubonic plague. If there
we're no rats there would be no bu-
bonic plague. Therefore. get rid of
the rats. That was all the public
health service could see to the situa-
tion. OF course. In city as old as
New Orleans. containing as many old,
small buildings, crowded together on
narrow streets as are all Latin towns,
sittinR on wood foundations or on
lightly constructed brick foundations,
the simple suggestion Of the public
There were lots Of rats and still more
rat holes.
But the city commission of New
Orleans thinks in straight line. 1t
gasned once, then it told the people
what the situation was. passed ordi-
nances requiring every cellar and every
buiIding in New Orleans to be rat
nroofed. told tue citizens how to do the
lob. spent half million dollars rat
proofine the buildings owned by the
CITY and rested on It's oars. The peo-
ple grltted their teeth, grinned and
spent their money. a total estimated
al $6.00O,000. Today the public health
service says New Orleans is as nearly
can be.
Evening star., 1916-01-14
Engineering Feats
in City's Drainage

gineering. In some of the mains the
water is pumped FIVE times before II is
carried to the river. sewer carries
it by gravity till the sewer gets to the
bottom of dry soil; then 1t is pumped
back to the surface. and carried little
further by gravity, then pumped again
and so on.
New Orleans was just ready to take
a long breath after getting her drain
age system bought and paid for, when
a big, fat rat scuttled off fruit steam
INST in time to be stepped on by
husky roustabout. Now. even rat
objects to No. 10 shoe in it's solar
pIexus, and this particular rat showed
his resentment by sinking his sharp
teeth into the leg of the roustabout.
Evening star., 1916-01-14

an hour-the highest ever recorded in
the United States. Crash went the
windows and away went the roofs.
Ihen. when New Orleans hat had
oio"n away. SO to speak, 1t rained for
nVe days on her bare head
Al this, however, has since been for
so.ten. With customary Willingness
am1 AM, good humor. New Orleans paid the
in E,Il ana went merrily on her way. tax
ments and planning for even greater
Things in the future.
Ch'ii the commission plan of running
69y me city was adopted all paving in New
funds in the city's treasury. Under the
t,o to1hinlssion a new paving law. charging
tile COST against abutting property, was
0Ou,,aIned Here again the spirit of New
Caicahs is manifested. In spite of
ndVlng so pay for it themselves, own
ers OF property along miles and miles
OF streets are asking for and getting
paving. In 1914 half a million was
spent A million and a half was spent
Ior 1913. and plans have been made to
spend two millions in 1916.
Nothing but civic pride and conf
dence in the commission could have
prod u C ed
Commission Has this condi-
Confidence of People. s,In' ION 1,n,as ~ Is
the old form of government the paving
contractors got $3.1O per square yard
Tor n1tuminous macadam. Now they
get S210 For asphalt they got $3.50;
now they get $1.5G. The commission
saved the city $4,000 on one paving
contract within a few days after TAX
ing ofhce. A contract made under the
olo government allowed $500 for btu
'iihous macadam. The new commits
sion' by threat to cancel the contract,
hammered the price down to $3.50.
w nile digging sewers and paving
streets with one hand the commission
was not SO busy but it could take a
company with the other. One of its
members took few days off, examined
the schedule of light rates and decided
~ was too high. both for public light
ing ana for private consumption. The
rate to private individuals was IL cents
per kilowatt hour, scaled down to 4
cents II a certain amount Of power was
USED. The commission opned the
rates rates ought to be about cut in two.
the company laughed at the absurd
newspapers. told the people of the city
about It, Then the company took the
suggestion seriously and proposed a
compromise. which was refused. By
tnis time the public got really inter
ested, and when the company acted as
II 1t would be stubborn the commits
sion delivered an ultimatum:
ADOPT the schedule of rates which
we demand or we'll build and operate
a public plant"
The company sweat blood till the
eleventh. hour, and then capitulated
accepting exceedingly reasonable rates
BY this one service the commission
saved the city $4,000 a year, and the
people who use electricity 100000 a
year.
In handling markets also and in han
dling traffic. in the conduct of the po-
lice and fire departments and in other
municipal activities the New Orleans
commissioners give an administration
SO satisfactory to the city that pro-
posai to change back to the old form
Of government would be laughed out of
town.
Evening star., 1916-01-14
Enormous Task of
the Commissioners


is the largest city in the United states
governed by Il commission. Running
such a town is rather a large problem
in any case, and several other large
things, such as the Mississippi river.
bubonic plague and a West Indian
hurricane, have come along to compli :
cate it.
Being so nearly on level with the
river, the problem of drainage presents
some distressing difficulties. 1t is not
the most encouraging thing in the
world to begin digging foundation
for house and before you get through
have to change your mind and call It
we'll Living in New Orleans used to
be like living on great big sponst
II you stuck your finger in the groun =
1T came out wet.
That has all been fixed. thanks to the
determination of the people to stick to
their town and to make 1t h bitable.
Recently an enormous drainag' system
has been completed, which literally
takes the water out of the bottom of
New Orleans. 1t is now possible to
live in New Orleans and have not only
a cellar but a dry cellar under your
house.
Evening star., 1916-01-14
MANAGING THE CITY.
II.-How the Gang Came
Back.
By Frederic J. Haskin.

NEW ORLEANS, La, January 10
when you see the other fellow throwing
trash upon the street. just call up the
policeman as he's rounding out his beat;
the judge will do the balance, and the
fine must then be paid, to punish the
offender for the ugly trick he played
This Jingle is running through every
head in New Orleans. Francois reads it
as he idles over his late coffee and roll
at Antoines In the old French quarter.
Fernandez and Beatrice read 1t above
the window Of the street car as they
rub their sleepy eyes in the early hours
between home and the cigar factory. Sam
Bowie Houston Crockett Jefferson, proud
scion of migrated Texas family. reads
it on the billboard as he trudges to the
warehouse to check cotton receipts
Whenever the people get tired of reading
one jingle the poet laureate of the city
hall produces another one Of his vest
pocket odes on civic righteousness. For
this is one of the methods by which the
New Orleans commissioners are striving
to foster community spirit. And it works.
The rhythmical injunction about trash
has helped to make New Orleans, which
had open sewers along its streets
generation ago, one of the cleanest cltles
in the United States.
x r
In New Orleans the conflict between
city hall politics and civic reform. which
has prec ded
Civic Reform the adoption Of
Fighting Politics. eminent in most
other cities, did not happen exactly as
the reformers had intended. 1t was
fairy tale in which the villain upset the
plot by Staying the dragon and marrying
the heroine before the hero got around
to it. Martin Behrman had been mayor
Of New Orleans and head of the city hall
ring for a good many years before COM
mission government was adopted. Most
surprisingly, he has been mayor of New
Orleans ever since
1t happened like this. The reform party.
otherwise known as the ''outs," started
an agitation for commission government.
The "ins." otherwise known as the city
hall gang, saw that commission govern
ment was making hit. They quietly
went up to Baton Rouge and induced the
state legislature to pass the law author
izing the change. So the civic reform
party was out of thunder. II had been
talking commission government for some
years, but the city hall gang had actually
produced the thing.
So commission government in New
Orleans is managed by exactly tnc
same set of men who formed the politi-
cal ring of the town hall. But they
do not manage it the same way. Hav-
ing undertaken to become reformers,
they have got to make good. Further
more, each of them il irresponsible for
certain part of that good. The city
hall ring has become a halo of civic
righteousness. New Orleans is get
ting an efficient city government, and
one that Is gradually becoming more
economical.
Evening star., 1916-01-14

Levees, drainage and ratproofng-
that entitled the taxpayer to surcease.
Surely he could
Hit Hard nv Storm now take that
- Gle long breath and
1nat Aaseu III uuAA rest. He did
for a few weeks. Then last falls storm
hit the town. It was the worst in the
history Of the weather bureau. The
wind reached velocity Of 13l miles
Evening star., 1916-01-14

To ge. the subsurface water out and
into tho gulf, however, has required
Evening star., 1916-01-14
Totals. As All 432 Totals. sos 4s
POST OFFICE LEAGUE

Totals. $50 H4 4i3 Totals. 455 4s5 :;
Evening star., 1916-01-14

The next thing New Orleans knew
she was in the throes of bubonic
Evening star., 1916-01-14
.OUN1' PLEASANT LEAGUE.

Totals. sos '471 443 Totals. 4s0 '47l 4T5
'Plant Industry won roll-or.
Evening star., 1916-01-14

The five New Orleans commissioners
have had a rather strenuous career.
Evening star., 1916-01-14
Naval Movements.

navy yard. Puget sound. Wash. to wait
orders.
Evening star., 1916-01-14

PALACE Two-MAN LEAGUE.
Moore % JOG IS Hunt. 94 10Y 100
Plunket.. sS 93 81 Brosnan.. us 80 96
Totals $50 1919 $50 Totals. 212 200 1876
watt. IS 81 So Langley. so 107 105
Arniser, 1O6 % 105 Edwards. 101 119 30
Totals. 1s9 1870 1877 Totals. Isl 226 POI
Evening star., 1916-01-14
CITY POST OFFICE LEAGUE.
Registry

Totals. 4l3 424 40
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1916-05-18
THE COMMITTEES
ARE ALL WORKING
ARRANGEMENTS FOR DECORA-
TON DAY WILL SOON Be
COMPLETED.

Arrangements for the observance
of Decoration Day have been practi-
cally completed and the program for
the days exercises will be printed in
the next issue OF the Enterprise.
The Chautauqua organization has
also been completed and the vari-
GUS committees are now busy arrang-
ing for the vigorous campaign that
will be launched in the near future.
The Fourth OF July committee and
have held several en-
thusiastic meetings and everything
is moving along lively towards the
planning of arrangements for a
record breaking celebration of Inde-
pendence Day.
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1916-05-18
A SURPRISE PARTY.

Mr.. o. C. Stout. who is popular
salesman in the big Moss Mercan-
tile establishment. will not soon for
get his last birthday. which fen up
on Saturday, May 18th. Thrteen may
be considered an unlucky number by
some people, but not SO by MI
Stout whose friends gave him
very pleasant reminder OF the eV>
on Tuesday evening when i've autos
loaded with members of the Frultlano
Kensington club and their huspahos
came down to surprise Mr. Stout
and spend a pleasant evening WIN
him. 1t is needless to say that --Mr'
and Mrs. Stout left nothing undone
in the way of entertainment to
make the occasion one long to be re-
membered by all present.
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1916-05-18

Mrs. John McGlinchey, Mrs. c. F.
Muller, Mrs. A. B. Moss, Mrs. Eliza
beth Toole, Mrs. A. Wilson, Mrs. AL
bert White and Mrs, L, W.Spaulding,
all delegates to the Biennial of the
General Federation of Womenis clubs
to be held in New York City, Joined
the delegations from Alaska, Washing
ton and Oregon, ON the special train
which passed through Payette this
Thursday morning. Owing to the
illness of Mr.. volmer. Of North
Idaho, Mrs. vollmer, who is presi-
dent, has asked Mrs. McGlinchey to
take her place in New York, as presi.
dent of Idaho. The Payette ladies
will all visit in the East for couple
Of mouths before rsturnt0x to ldAho>
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1916-05-18
IDAHo.oREGoN OFFICES
TAKES LEASE IN NEW HOTEL

At meeting of the Board OF Di'
rectors of the Idaho-Oregon FRUIT
Growers Association the Board au'
thorzed General Manager M. ]. Hig'
ley to negotiate a lease with MT.
Dunn for the East store room OF
the new hotel building and in accord
ance herewith lease was to-day
drawn up for period Of four years.
The renting of this room viii add
materially to their offices as it viii
give them more adequate light and
heat, and the room is being equipped
especially for thu convenience Of the
organization.
Mr.. Dunn was very fair In agree
ing to special rsntal terms for the
present year, feeing that he wished
to share his portion of the growers
severe loss. The Association Will oc-
cupy the building as soon as COM
pleted, which viii put them IN posi-
tion to more efficiently handle their
business for the ssasou 1917.
Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1916-05-18
ENCOURAGEMENT
TO FRU|TGR0WERS
AND FARMERS WHO WANT TO
MAKE THE BEST OF PRES
ENT SITUATION.

At meeting of the Executive and
Finance committees of the Fayette
Valley Commercial Club held Monday
afternoon, action was taken in the
of the community to turn their at
tention and direct their efforts this
season to the planting and cultiya-
tion of diversified crops, to engage
more extensively in the dairy bus
ness and to do everything possible to
offset the losses sustained by rea-
son of great damage by frost to the
fruit crop, the leading industry of
this section.
The Idaho Canning Company, the
Idaho Vinegar & Pickle Company, the
Payette Cooperative Creamery Com
pany, banks and mercantile firms
were represented in the meeting and
it was the unanimous sentiment that
every effort possible should be made
to assist in a general community
movement for the betterment of
local conditions by unity of purpose
and helpfulness all along the line.
To this end it was decided to issue
a circular letter under the auspices
of the Commercial Club, setting
forth briefly a few of the things
that it is possible to do, in order
to overcome in large measure any
loss that may have been suffered by
reason of such unfavorable climatic
conditions as have only been ex-
perienced by the fruitgrowers of this
section twice in more than twenty
five years. This letter will be found
elsewhere in today's issue of the
Enterprise. Further comment does
not seem to be necessary, unless
In fact it is necessary to explain
to the orchardmen and farmers OF
the community, that there is no
disposition upon the part of the Com
merciai Club and those cooperating
with it in this movement, to die
tate the lines along which any citi-
zen shall move in the management
of his Individual affairs. Let it be
understood that what is being done
has been prompted by spirit OF
helpfulness that should ultimately re-
suit in great and lasting benefits TO
the community.
Let the watchword be diversitca-
ton of farm crops and farming ac-
tiyities. intensive cultivation of the
soil, stimulated by spirit of help
full cooperation, and the people OF
the great Payette Valley will have
entered upon an era of prosperity
such as they have never known De-
fore,