The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1916-01-25
THE OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
UNDERSTOOD ON THIS Hemisphere

IgIU IIEIIIIUls lIItlG.SI
states. provided that In SO doing Il
does not interfere with or violate the
lust rights Of other states.
"III. Every nation Is In law and be-
fore law the equal Of every other
state composing the society OF ma.
tions, and all states have the right
to claim, and, according to the Decla-
ration of Independence Of the United
States, to assume, among the powers
OF the earth, the separate and equal
station to which the laws of nature
and of natures God entities them.
"IV. Every nation has the right to
territory within defined boundaries
and to exercise exclusive Jurisdiction
over this territory, and all persons
whether native or foreign found
therein.
'.V. Every nation entitled to
right by the law of nations is entitled
to have that right respected and pro
tected by all other nations for right
and duty are corre!atiye, and the
right of one is the duty of a!l to OBJ
serve"
bodying the declaration reads as fol.
lows:
"Whereas the municipal law Of civ
!ilized nations recognizes and protects
the right OF life, the right of ltbcrty,
to which the Declaration Of Independ-
ence Of the United States adds the
right to the pursuit OF happiness, the
right to legal equality, the right to
property, and the right to the en-
ployment Of the aforesaid rights GRE
ating duty on the part Of the citi-
zens or subjects OF each nation to OBJ
serve them; and
Whereas these fundamental rights, |
thus universally recognized are IA
miliar to the peoples Of all civilized
countries, and
Whereas these fundamental rights
can be stated in terms Of information.
al law and can DO applied to the re-
lations of the members OF the society
OF nations, one with another, just
as they have been applied In the re-
lations of the citizens or subjects OF
the. states forming the Society OF Ma
lions; and
whereas these fundamental rights
OF national Jurisprudence, namely, the
right to life, the right to liberty, the
right to the pursuit Of happiness, the
right to equality before the law. the
right to property, and the right to the
Observance thereof are, stated in
terms OF law, the right
OF the nation to exist and to protect
and to conserve its existence; the
right of independence and the free
dom to develop itself without inter-
ference or control from other ma
tons, the right of equality in law and
before law; the right to territory
within defined boundaries and to ex.
elusive Jurisdiction therein; and the
right to the observance Of those fun
damental rights;
Therefore, The American Institute
Of International Law unanimously
adopts at its FIRST session, held in the
City of. Washington, In the United
States of America, on the sixth day
OF January, 1916, In connection with
and under the auspices OF the Second
Pan.American Scientific Congress, the
following five articles, together with
the commentary thereon, to be known
as The Declaration of the Rights OF
Nations"
Then follow the articles Of the Dec
laration.
Additions and legal citations sup
porting the various articles of the
Declaration supplement the Declare
ton itself. Some of these, 1t is I'M
derstood, were made bysDr. Scott af-
ter exhaustive research and were ap-
proved by other members OF the In
stitute. After the first article OF the
Declaration, asserting the right of
paragraph:
"This right is and is to be under
stood in the sense in which the right
to life Is understood In national law,
according to which It Is unlawful for
a human being to take human life
unless 1t be necessary soto do In
self-defense against an unlawful at
tack threatening the life Of the party
unlawfully attacked"
Accompanying this paragraph are
the following citations:
Tin the Chinese Exclusion Case IRE
ported In 1870 United States Reports.
DID. bS1, 606,) decided by the Supreme
Court OF the United States in 1888, 1t
was said that:
ITO preserve It's independence,
and give security against foreign
aggression and encroachment, Is
the highest duty Of every nation;
and to attain these ends nearly
all other considerations are to be
subordinated. It matters not In
what form such aggression and
encroachment come, whether
from the foreign nation acting in
its national character or from
vast hordes Of its people crowd |
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