The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-04-09

i The greatest naval authority
among British laymen, dis
russed the meaning of the war in re-
alton to the worlds naval knowledge
md pointed u the lessons OF especial
coGceru Ia the United States navy.
In a second interview Mr.. Pollen Went
further into the subject of the naval
developments of the war and made
important statements regarding naval
sunncrv, naval administration n
naval tactics of the future.
At The beginning of my con in
;ervlew with him in London | asked
him To- tell me of this wars surprises.
II has been through the surprises
which each campaign has developed
hat military and naval authorities al
ways have learned most. The sur
priS.s 1T one war invariably form the
foundation of the tactics VI the next
on. both by land II sea.
surprises" said Mr.. Pollen. This
war has been full of them, several
n Importance rave occurred in the
actions at sea, while others have o.
CURED elsewhere.
"principal among those which have
developed during actual sea- engage
ments has been til" long range Al
which It has been found possible to
ight. There is. IN this, "A great les
son for the American navy Ia study.
as there are in il revelations whi,-i
much upset many OF the theories Of
European experts.
The maximum has been about 49,
600 yards. Hits We're made at this dis
tnnce on the pogger Bank. and at
The Falkland Islands "A u of in
ferior calibre made hits at $4,000 yards
and even 1900 yards.
This unexpected range efficiency
undoubtedly has beer one If the ele.
nerts explaining q second great sur
prise. That has been the uneXpect-
"Ily long duration of this war naval
sctions.
-The naval experts of the world had
theoretically decided that a very few
N:ts. or even one. from modern nava'
cIns would put An enemy vessel out
Of acton. but the vessels upon both
sides Of this war have shown an m
expected endurance. This Il a matter
~ extreme importance TO students of
nava matters.
Admiral Sir Devotion Sturdce. X. &.
r, with two ships carrying sixteen t.
.nch gun required three and a quar-
ter hours for the sinking OF the
s hArnhorst. which had not enough
srmor on her sides to keep out one
shell.
This illustrates the great difference
b..u.ar actual rayal ,iub'iDp under
modern conditions, and the theoretical
naval lighting which has formed the
basis Of peace battle practices and
peace Arrangements for using gums,
.or Il the Scharnhorst had been
uchurcd at the mean range of the
action. which would have been about
eleven thousand yards, the lnfiexible
erd luvincihle. Admiral Sturdee's two
stls. could have sunk her in our
minutes. because, once they a got
Tho range. they could have fired thirty
two 500 pound shells at her Gael
minute, and il ~ quarter of the~e had
- Tho Scharnhorst would nay got
thirty hits ia 80 seconds. No ship of
he he could survive twenty.
'lu that episode was much food fnr
though. Another - . less sisniii-
can - naval students.
sir David Beatty With three battle
cruisers armed with t~wenty-four 1885,
irch guns and two armed with six
'oeu T. inch guns fought n Ger
mans 1T the Dogger Bank from S:52
uv'il u o'c.ock, when a German hit
knocked out tho Lion, reducing the
British 1885 from "a to IS. The thirty
we British guns, sixteen 1855 n six
teen l2s, remained in actloh TOT
smother hour.
Tho Bluecher was sunk IN ms
e. "u and two or the German CRUISER,
"or' On IRE wher they
IRON ''%ht' "~lthdra"lhs i,o"i Wv
ACTON nut accordihs 10 inc oea' P',.'
n.o1A 'leorleS OF naval hsnt.ns o.,
r'uecAef shonln not nave s"'''''' '.
h'i a minute aiter ,he 'a"s. "d' 81
vi" Il" vessel shoulo "a'' wv" WV
.nG'Pe' Oh nre or ny -, the
10 "'''""e" '"1". nhtob
"N" H'NdI u'"'h'H'i"'''n -"