davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-05-31

bv other nations. To do so is proof,
NOT of virtue. but Of weakness, and
of a mean and abject national spirit.
To submit 10 wrong-doing is TO encour-
age wrongdoing. and IT is therefore
itself n form of iniquity and a pc
culiarly Objectionable form OF lniqui-
~. for il is based on cowardice.
"The first step in securing interna-
tional Justice is that every peaceiul'
well-behaved nation shall develop ITS
own strength and its intelligent VIII
mower, so as 10 prevent ill-behaved ma.
lions from wrong doing The second
step is that the strong among these
i'll behaved nations shall, in some way
or shane. extend aid and comfort TO
their weak well-behaved brothers when
the latter are wronged.
"The duty of a nation like ours can
not be considered as if We stood alone
in the world We are Of community
Of nations, and the effective condem-
nation of wrongdoing by that com
munity is the great force OF clvillza-
ton. II we shirk our part of that duty
TO condemn, and if necessary more
than condemn, the wrong, we are aid
ing TO break down the force OF the
public opinion of mankind in the sup
port Of justice and righteousness, ana
with that We are helping to destroy
the forces of peace and justice which
serve 10 prevent others from doing
wrong towards us, and thus TO preserve
our peace and safety.
at is, however, worse than idle-it
II mischievous indulge in visionary
plans about world-action in the future
until. in the present we act as we
should in two vital matters; in the
first place by abandoning the perni-
cious habit of making reckless prom
ises which can not, or ought not, or
will not, be kept, and in the second
llace. and most important OF all. by
preparing our own strength so that we
can protect our own rights.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-05-31
First Need a Navy.

"This is what has often brought rival
European nations face TO face ana 10
tho verge of war in Asia and AFRICA
II has played great part IN bringing
on the present war. 1t is possibie tnat
scme nation will attack US out OF hahd!
making Of some action on the part OF
our people a plausible cause OF quarrel.
III is much more likely that If we
are not strong enough to MAINTAIN our
rights. including the assertion OF tne
Monroe Doctrine, we shall be subjected
70 series OF aggressions upon our
rights. growing more and more grew
Gus. until we reach point where we
ourselves shall be obliged 10 resent the
AGGRESSION or else TO abandon policies
essential to our national greatness and
wellbelng. J.
"The prime needs in preparedness,
tho needs which can be Immediately
met. are to give US, first, the navy we
require. and, second. the regular army
We require. | have elsewhere gwen the
reasons why we require the second
navv in the world and small. higniy
effcient regular army of 100000 men,
with a proper reserve. Here let It SUI
fee 10 say that such navy and such
an army would be our best insurance
against war and for peace.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1916-08-26

short oil wa by which to enforce our just de-
mands. but shall never promote our peace
by being stronger in words than in deeds. We
should not have found itdifficuIt to maintain
peace hut we should have maintained peace
with honor. During this critical period the
only danger of war has lain in the weak course
of the Administration.
81 do not put life and property on the same
footing, but the Administration has not only
been remiss with respect to the protection of
American lives it has been remiss with re-
spect to the protection of American property
and American commerce. 1t has been too
much disposed 10 be content with eisurely dis
cussion. / cannot now undertake to review
the course of events, but it is entirely clear
that we failed to the resources at our
command 10 prevent injurious action and that
we suffered in consequence. We have no Ill
terror purposes, and the Administration should
have known how TO secure the entire protec-
ton of every legitimate American interest and
the prompt recognition of our just demands as
a neutral nation.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1916-08-26
PROSPERITY TEMPORARY"

when contemplate industrial and COM
mercial conditions, we see that we are living
in a fools paradise. The temporary prosperity
tc which our opponents point has been created
by the abnormal conditions incident to the
war With the end 90 the war there will be
the new conditions determined by a new Eu-
rope. Millions of men in the trenchse of each
of the now belligerent nations, highly trained,
will then be turned to production. These are
days Of terrible discipline for the nations at
war; but it must not be forgotten that each is
developing national solidarity, a knowledge
OF method, a realization of capacity. hitherto
unopproached. In each, the lessons of CO.
operation now being learned will never be for
gotten. Friction and waste have been reduced
to minimum labor and capital have a better
understanding, business organization is more
highly developed and more intelligently direct
ed than ever before. We see in each of these
nations a marvlous national efficiency. Let it
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1916-08-26
DENOUNCEs PLOTS.

eve denounce all plots and conspiracies in
the interest of any foreign nation. Utterly
intolerable is the use of soil for alien
intrigues. Every American must unreservedly
condemn them and support every effort for
Il cir suppression. But here. also. prompt,
vigorous and adequate measures on the part
81 he Administration were needed. There
shou d have been no hesitation, no notion that
it was wise and polite to delay. Such an
abuse of our territory demanded immediate and
thoroughgoing action. AS the Admin
stration had notice of plots and conspiracies,
it was its duty to stop them. 1t not
lacking in resources. Its responsible for
their continuance cannot be escaped by the
condemnation of others.
I'VE are a peace-loving people, but we live
in a world of arms We have no thought of
aggression, and we desire to pursue our de-
mocratc ideals without the wastes of strife.
So devoted are we to these ideals so intent
upon our normal Development that / do not
believe that there is the slightest danger of
militarism in this country. Adequate pre-
paredness is not militarism. 1t is the essen
ta assurance of security; it is necessity
safeguard Of peace
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1916-08-26
SAYS WILSON HAS FOLLOWED, NOT
LED.

"ln the demand for reasonable preparedness
the Administration has followed, not led
Those who demanded adequate forces
first described nervous and excited
Only about year and half ago were told
that the question of preparedness was not
pressing one; that the country had been mis-
informed. Later. under the pressure of other
leadership, this attitude was changed. The
something and it made belated demand for
increased army. Even then the demand
not prosecuted consistently and the pres
sure exerted Congress with respect to
other administrative measures notably
absent. The President addressed Congress but
little six months ago, presenting the
formally urged to sanction these plans as
the essential first steps They contemplated
an increase of the standing force of the regu-
lar army from its then strength of 5023 Off
GERS and lO2,9S5 enlisted men, to strength
of 7l36 officers and 134,7O7 enlisted men, or
lil,S43 all told. 1t was said thta these addi-
tions were necessary to render the army ade-
Quate for its present duties Further, it was
proposed that the army should be supple
mentcd by force of 100000 disciplined citi-
raised in increments of 1873 900 a year.
through period of three years. At least, so
much by way of preparation for decfnse'
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1916-08-26

in recruits about $4,000 men. Men fresh from
their peaceful empoyments and physically
unprepared have been hurried to the border
for actual service. They without proper
equipment; without necessary supplies; suit
able conditions of transportation We're not pro-
vided. Men with dependent families were
sent; and conditions which should have been
well known were discovered after the event
And yet this exigency comparatively speaking,
was not a very grave one. 1t involved moth
ing that could not readily have been foreseen
during the past three years of disturbance,
and required only modest talent for organi-
zaton. That this Administration while pur
suing its course in Mexico should have per-
mitted such conditions to exist is almost in
credible.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1916-08-26
SAYS DIPLOMACY FAILED.

The chief function of diplomacy is proven
ton hat in this our diplomacy failed, doubt
less because of its impaired credit and the
manifest lack of disposition to back words
with action. Had this Government by the use
of both informal and formal diplomatic OPP
portunities left no doubt that when we said
strict accountability we means precisely what
we said and that we should dnhcsitatingly
vindicate that position. | am confident that
there would have been no destruction of
American lives by the sinking of the Lusi-
tania. There we had ample notice in face.
published notice. Furthermore we knew the
situation and we did not require specific no.
tice. Instead of whiting away our formal
statements by eQuivuCal conversations we
needed the straight direct and decisive repre-
entations which every diplomat and foreign
Office would understand. l believe that in this
way we should have been spared the repeated
assaults on American lives. Moreover, a firm
American policy would have been strongly
sUprc rted by cur people AMI the opportunities
for the development of bitter feeling would
have been vastly reduced.
1T is great mistake to say that resolute-
less in protecting American rights would have
led to war. Rather, in that course lay the best
assurance of peace. Weakness and indecision
in the maintenance of known rights are al
w.u' sources of or avedanger; they forfeit
rasic,t a., invite serious wrongs, which in
turn create an uncomfortable popular resent
ment. That is not the path Of national Sc
curity. Not only have we host of resources
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1916-08-26
HUGHES SPEECH
OF ACCEPTANCE


Ultimately we recognized Carranza, not on the
ground that he had constitutional govern
ment, but that it was de facto government
The complete failure to secure protection to
American citizens is shown concusively in the
not of the Secretary of State of June 20, 1916,
in which he thus rescribed the conditions that
have obtained during the past three years:
For three years the Mexican respublic has
been torn with civil strife; the lives of Ameri-
cans and other aliens have been sacrificed vast
properties developed by American capital and
enterprise have been destroyed rendered
non-productve; bandits have been permitted
to roam at will through the territory contigu-
Gus to the United States and to seize, without
punishment or without effective attempt at
punishment or without effective attempt at
punishment the property of Americans, while
the lives of citizens of the United States who
ventured to remain in Mexican territory or to
return there to protect their interests have
been taken, in some cases Darbarously taken,
and the murderers have neither been appre-
hended or brought to justice. : 1t would
be tedious to recount instance after instance,
outrage after outrage, atrocity after atrocity,
to illustrate the true nature and extent of the
widespread conditions and lawlessness. and
violence which have prevailed
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1916-08-26
FOR AMERICAN RIGHTS.

I'm this land of composite population, draw
security demands that there shall be pal
tcring with American rights. The greater the
danger of divisive influences the greater is the
necessity for the unifying force of just
strong and patriotic position We countcnance
no covert policies. no introgues, no secret
schemes We are unrrservedly, dcvotedy
Fundamentally for the United States. That
Is the ralynp point for all Americans. That
is my position. | stand for the unlinching
maintenance of all Anne rican rights on land
and sea.
I'VE have had clear and definite mission
as a great neutral nation. 1t was for US to
maintain the integrity of international law;
to vindcatc our rights as ncutrals: to protect
the lives of our citizens, their property and
trade from wrongful acts Putting aside any
question as to the highest possibilities of moral
leadership in the maintenance aad vindcation
of the law of nations in connection with the
European war. at least we We're entitled to
the safeguarding of American rights. But
this has not been secured. We have had brave
words in a series of notes, hut despite our
protests the lives of Americans have been de-
stroyed. What does it avail to use some of the
strongest words known to diplomacy if Am
bassadors can receive the impression that the
words are not to be taken seriously? 1t is not
words, but the strength and resolution behind
the words that count
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1916-08-26

seemed to the President to be absolutely i'm
perative now He said, We cannot do less
But within two months this program was
abandoned and the able Secretary of War who
had devoted himself persstently to this i'm
portant question felt keenly the change in
policy that he resigned from the Cabinet. Now,
the Army Organization bill provides for an
army of 17s,000, but in fact it provides for
only 10000 enlisted men for the line of the
regular army for the fiscal year ending June
80, 1917, and l am informed that for the next
fiscal year there will be an increase of only
$4,000. The plan for the supplemental Fed
was given up.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1916-08-26
WENT IN ONLY TO RETIRE"


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The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1916-08-26
MAYA ADMINISTRATION "INCOMPE-
TENT"

1--WE are told that the defects revealed by
the present mobilization are due to the sys-
tenn But it was precisely such plain defects
that under the constan warnings of recent
years. with the whole world intent on military
concerns, should have been studied and recti-
fed. The Administration has failed to dis
charge its responsibilities. Apparently, it is
now seeking to meet political exigencies by its
naval program. But it has imposed upon the
country an incompetent naval administration.
1--WE demand adequate national defense {;
adequate protection on both our Western and
and efficiency in both arms of the service. 1t
seems to be plain that our regular army is too
small. We too great country to require
of our citizens who engaged in peaceful
vocations the sort of military service to which
they are called AZ well insist that our
citizens in this metropolis be summoned to
put out fires and police the streets. We do not
count it inconsistent with out liberties or with
democratic ideals. to have adequate
police force. With population of ne nearly
ourselves than to become alarmed at the pros
pect of having a regular army which can rea-
sonaby protect our border, and perform such
other military service may be required in
the absence of grave emergency. | believe,
further, that there should be not only rea-
sonabe increase in the regular army, but that
the first citizen subject to call should
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1916-08-26
"SHOCKINGLY UNPREPARED."

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The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1916-08-26

Buy Prince Albert every
where tobacco is sold in
toppy red bags, Sc; tidy red
tins, Zoe; handsome pound
and haif-pound tin humi-
dors-and-that corking fine
pound crystal glass hun,i-
dor with sponge-moisfener
top that keeps the tobacco
in such cIeDer trim-ailDays!
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1916-08-26

not be supposed that this elIz<rr n
count when Europe. once more A pence H1 E
its productive powers to the utmost 1iuI<
ION the other hand. in this country viii =
stoppage Of the manufacture Of munikI1n1
host. of mep will be turned out Of e111lt@
ment We must meet the most seyef6 c61I -
tition in industry We are undIseipiin<t d6
fective in organization. loosely knit, in3<<P
triaily unprepared-
Our opponents promised to reduce t1e 6oek
Of living. This they have failed TO Do: bit
they did reduce the opportunities Of maHtne
living. Let us not forget the conditions fhaf
existed in this country under the new fAri8
prior TO the outbreak Of the war. Prodoc<i4u
had decreased. business was languishinR. n<V
enterprises were not undertaken: instead n
expansion there was curtaiIment, and out
streets were filled with the unemployed. a
was estimated that in the city Of New York
over 100000 were out of work. Thronxhout
the country the jobless demanded relief The
labor commissioners of many states. and our
municipal administrations, devoted them
selves TO the problem Of unemployment. whiIe
t.s resources of our voluntary charitable or
CARNATIONS were most severely taxed What
ground is there for expecting better eondtr
tons when the unhealthy stimulus Of the war
has spent its force and our industries and
workngnen exposed to the Competition Of
an energized Europe7
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1916-08-26

be enlisted as a Federal army and trained
under Federal authority.
1.-THE country demands that our military and
naval programs shall be carried out in a bust
ness-like manner under the most competent
administrative heads that we shall have up-to-
date preparation that the moneys appropriate
ed shall be properly expended We should also
have careful plans for mobilizng industrial
resources for promoting research and utilizing
the Investigations of science And a policy of
adequate preparedness must constantly have in
view the necessity of conserving our funda-
steal wel-being of our population, as well as
education and training: of developing to the
utmost economic strength and independ-
ence. 1t must be based upon profound sense
of unity, and democratic obligation 1t
must not mean the abandonment of other es-
sential governmental work but that we shall
have, in both efficiency, and in neither, waste
nor extravaganza. We should also be solicit
Gus. by wise provision and conference to re-
move so far as possible the causes of irrita-
ton which may in any degree threaten friend
" relations. In our proposals there is, / re-
peat. no militarsm. There is simple insist
ence upon common sense in providing reason
abb measures of security and avoiding the
of self-respect: a strength which contains no
threat. but assures our defense, safeguards
our rights and conserves our peace.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1916-08-26
FOR ORGANIZATION OF PEACE"

I'VE are deeply interested in what | may
term the organization of peace We cherish
no illusions. We know that the recurrence of
war is not to be prevented by pious wishes
If the conflict of national interests is not to be
brought to the final test of force there must be
the development of international organization
ir order to provide international Justice and to
safeguard so far as practicable the peace of
the world.
Arbitration treaties useful within their
proper sphere, but it is than folly TO
ignore the limitations of this remedy or to re-
gard such treaties as adequate means of
preventing war. There should be an inter-
national tribunal to decide controversies sus-
ccptible of judicial determination thus afford
ing the advantage of judicial standards in the
settlement of particular disputes and of the
gradual growth of body of judicial prece-
dents. In emphasizing the desirabiity of such
tribunal for the disposition of controversies
OF justifab!e sort it must not be overlooked
that there are also legislative needs We need
conferences of the nations to formulate inter
national rules, to establish principles, to modi-
~ and extend international law 80 rs to adapt
II to new conditions TO remove causes of in
ternational differences. We need to deveop
the instrumentalities of conciliation And
behind this international organization, if it is
I" be effective must be the cooperation of the
nations to prevent resort to hostilities before
the appropriate agencies of peaceful settlement
have been utilized If the peace of the world
Is to be maintained il must be through the
preventive power Of a common purpose. With
out this, ii will remain not only possible, but
practicable, to disregard international obliga-
tions. to override the rights of states, parti-
cularly of small states. to ignore principles, to
violate rules. And it is only through interna-
tional cooperation giving reasonable assur-
ance of peace that may hope for the imi-
tation of ornaments. 1t is to be expected that
nations will continue to arm in defense of
their respective interests, sathey conceiv-
ed, and nothing will avail to diminish this
burden save some practical guaranty of inter-
national order. We in this country can, and
should. maintain our fortunate freedom from
entangements with interests and policies
which do not concern us But there is no
national isolation in the world of the twen-
tioth century. If at the close of the present
war the nations ready to undertake prac-
ticablc measures in the common interest n order
t. secure international Justice we cannot fail
to recognize international duty The peace
OF the world is our interest, as well as the in
tcrest of others. and in developing the neces-
sary agencies for the prevention of war we
shall be glad to have an appropriate share.
And our preparedness will have proper rela-
ton to this end as well as to our own immed-
late security
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-04-20
CURB MARKET
TRANSACTIONS
Leading Issues Break at the
Opening and Make Only
Slight Recovery.

With initial quotations among lead
ing curb securities yesterday showing
overnight losses ranging from a frac-
ton to two points or so. The general
list. in spite of some recovery. con-
tinued depressed for the remainder OF
the session. Some Of the war order
stocks we're under heavy selling pres
sure. especially Midvale Steel which.
on a large turnover, went as 10" as
57i2 and ended only fractionally above
this mark, with net decline of 2@s
points. Chevrolet Motor closed nearly
S points lower on the day. Cuba Cane
Sugar, common, lost points and
Etna Explosives and Atlantic Gulf
and West Indies made fractional de-
clines.
Oils continued dull at lower prices.
Standard Oil stocks showed losses Of
from | TO points or 80 while prac-
tically all of the miscellaneous oils
made fractional recessions. Final
prices among the coppers were from a
fraction to point and more under the
previous days close. New York City
new As were actively dealt in. and
ranged between 1922. and 1895.