davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-22

1ects: Robert Bacon. former Secretary
Of state: Jacob N. Dickinson. former
Secretary of War, and John Purroy
Mitchell MAYOR of New York.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-22
MEXICAN RUSTLER
SHOOTS AMERICAN

Continued from First PageO
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-22
Other Speakers at Session.

The report of the committee on reso-
buttons will be presented late this
afternoon. In addition to Mr.. Stimson
and the reading of the letter from Mr..
Root. today's speakers at the conven-
tion included Capt. Granville Fortes-
cue. Frederic l.. Huidekoper. Maj Gen.
f. A. McAlpin, president of the Boy
Scouts of America. Mai Gen. John F;
Organ, commanding the National
Guard of the state of New York; Will
liam Barclay Parsons the New York
engineer, and others.
Mr.. Huidekoper. who is Washington
military critic, said that Secretary Gar
risons plan for a continental army, is
based upon an excellent idea, but in his
opinion is unavoidable.
Under it," he said. the organized
militia. as such. is relegated to one of
the last lines of defense. where it prop
Orly belongs"
The day of the professional army"
Mr. Huidekoper said, has passed. Ex-
pertinent has proved that nation in
arms is the sole solution. The only
way TO obtain such a result is by eX-
acting compulsory service upon the
part of all able bodied males. This is
no more at variance with republican or
democratic principles, or with Ameri-
can institutions and traditions. than is
the payment of taxes under compulsion.
The men who are TO defend their heri-
tage must be given proper training and
all the force of the nation concentrated
in the central government. Otherwise
there exists a weakness of alliances
which the present European war has
demonstrated too forcibly to require
calculation here
Air. Huidekoper laid particular en-
phasis upon the fact that historians
and the writers of American school
books have painted in glowing colors
the successes which have attended
former wars. but" he said, almost
without exception they have suppressed
with studied care the disasters which
have so often suffered and the
blunders which have been committed
so frequently owing to the total alb
spupe pf proDer military
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-22
Indemnities May Be Claimed.

Under pressure of appeals from the
people of southwestern Texas. the State
Department is assembling all evidence
in connection with the massacre of the
seventeen American citizens at Santa
ISABEL. with a view toward presenting
formal claim on the Carranza govern
ment for an indemnification of the
widows and other relatives of the muir
dered men
No new reports concerning the cap
ture of Villa or bandits connected with
the killing of Americans at Santa
Ysabel were received today.
Progress in restoring normal condi-
tons in the region about Guaymas,
Sonora, was reported in today's State
Department advices.
Gen. Serrano's forces were reported
forcing their way inland. one band of
Yaqui Indians being defeated yester-
day in a skirmish
Guaymas authorities were reported
busy checking a smallpox epidemic
there.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-22
Views of National Guard.

Both Mr.. Stimson and Mr.. Root went
iato detail as to the reasons for their
belief that the National Guard cannot
be organized into an effective force for
use in war, dominated. as IT is, by
forty-eight separate sovereignties.
Mr. Stimson said, in part:
One of the propositions which are
being seriously urged before Congress
rs that we should pay our state militia
from the national Treasury, and should
attempt to develop them into our fed
eral citizens army while they still re-
tain their legal character as state
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-01-22
Santa YsabeI Massacre'Was
Result of Agreement by
Mexican Bandits.
CARRANZA NOW BELIEVED
IN CONTROL OF SITUATION
Normal Conditions Being Restored
in Guaymas Region-Senators
Watching Events.

revelations that Mexican bandit
leaders had, in convention assembled.
decreed death to Americans in Mexico.
as well as armed opposition to the de
facto government, was one of the out
standing features in the Mexican stu
alton here today.
1t became known that the agreement
was reached at a formal convention
held near Cordoba, Mexico. in Novem-
Der, according to information which
came to the State Department at that
time. Participants in the agreement
are said to have included representa-
tives of Villa, Zapata, Argumedo,
Higinio, Aguilar and others
The murder of the American mining
men by Mexican bandits at Santa
Ysabel recently is believed to have been
carried out pursuant to the Cordoba
agreement.
Administration officials have looked
to the Carranza authorities, who have
been fully informed as to the rebel
movements, to prevent the carrying out
of threats against Americans. They
are believed to have the situation fairly
well in hand now, although the revolu-
tionary leaders still are conducting
operations
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-01-21
NEEDS OF GROWING ANIMALS
Large Amount Of Protein Should BE
Supplied a. Substance Builds
Muscle, Hair and Hide.

A growing animal needs a large
amount of protein, for this substance
builds the muscle. hair, hoofs, horn
and hide. Fat is not so essential in the
life OF a young animal.
The Wisconsin experiment station
has shown that In calf feeding two
pounds of grain are equivalent to a
pound Of butterfat. and is much
cheaper. Calves fed on skim milk may
not be rolling in fat, but in the pro-
duction Of dairy animals this is not
necessary for thrift and vigor.
The colostrum milk is necessary to
cleanse the calls digestive tract and
to stimulate digestion. The calf may
be taken away from its mother as
soon as born, provided 1t il fed the
whole milk from its own mother or 1t
may be allowed to run with its dam
for two or three days. At the
end of two weeks gradually substitute
skim milk until the whole milk is en-
tirely displaced. Nine to twelve
pounds OF whole milk IL sufficient at
first and should be fed in several
feeds during the day. This may be
increased gradually until 20 pounds
Of skim milk is being fed daily.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-01-21
DAIRYMEN VERSUS THE DAIRY
Man 10 Chief Factor In Production Of
Clean MIX, According to Medical
Experlmenters.

A number Of American medical ex-
perts and experimenters in hygiene
made a study to determine the most
important factor in the production Of
clean milk-the dairy or the dairyman
land have come to the conclusion
that the dairyman is the chief factor
and the dairy of secondary Importance.
The clean dairyman may be trans
ported from dairy to dairy and can
make clean milk wherever he goes.
It is said that IL all the nonessentials
or matters of secondary importance
are eliminated. the factors which even
alone are sufficient to produce under
the conditions found in ordinary
diaries milk so clean that It will
have with great regularity bacterial
count less than 10000 bacteria per
cubic centimeter are as follows:
Milking with dry hands into covered
milking pals, the proper washing and
sterilization of milking pals and milk
cans, cooling the milk by placing the
cans in tanks of cold water or ice wa
ter, regular laboratory testing Of the
milk for bacteria, and payments based
on the laboratory tests.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-01-21
ASHES GOOD AS FERTILIZER
They Not Only Contain Potash and
Phosphorlo Acid, but Also
Maanesla and Lime.

The farmer who burns wood for
heating and cooking should carefully
store the ashes and not permit them
to leach, as they have peculiar fer
tilizing value. They not only contain
potash and phosphoric acid in appre-
ciable amounts, but also contain mag
nesia and lime, and when applied to
the land they also act indirectly to
increase the available nitrogen con-
tent Of organic matter in the soil.
Ordinary house ashes contain on
the average about eight or nine per
cent of potash and two per cent OF
phosphoric acid. Investigators have
considered that there is enough pot
ash and phosphoric acid in Dushei
Of ashes to make 1t worth 20 or rs
cents. Besides that. some 10 or ID
cents additional might be allowed for
the "alkali power" of the ashes. This
power is that which enables ashes to
rot weeds and to ferment peat The
potash content of ashes will be lost IL
they are permitted to leach. and care
should be taken to store them in .
dry place.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-01-21
WORK IN THE FARM W0oDL0T
Location VIII Depend Upon Various
Condltions-Forest Culture Re-
qulres Intelligent Work.

Forest culture is as much of an art
as is corn culture. A good woodlot,
like a good corn field. is the result
of applying intelligent methods to
produce a full, valuable crop. A corn
field with fail spots. empty hills,
feeble stalks, and half-flled ears is
neither credit to the farm nor a
paying investment fcssthe farmer. No
more Is a woodlot half stocked with
inferior trees. When timber is cut is
the time of all times to apply forestry.
The way In which the cutting is done
will determine what the subsequent
condition of the woodlot will be.
There is a difference between farm
woodland and the farm woodlot Farm
woodland is farm land which has not
yet been cleared. Farm woodlot is a
term which might best be used to
mean a part Of farm permanently
devoted to timber production, under
sound plan Of farm management.
The size and the location Of the wood
lot will depend upon various con-
siderations. Of which the most i'm
portant are the home needs Of the
farm, the character of the land, and
the present and prospective market
for material from the woodlot.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-01-21
DON'T NEGLECT YOUNG STOCK
Watch Feed Troughs and See That
All Of Daily Ratlons Are Con-
sumed-Provlde Clean Water.

The failure to put gains on animals
during the growing period intended
for them by nature cannot be correct.
ed by copious feeding at any later
time. Their growth has been stunted.
and rarely will they fully recover from
the earlier setback. Even when they
do 1t is costly practice to put growth
and flesh on a stunted animal. as com.
pared to what could have been done
when he was in healthy and vigor-
Gus condition.
But 1t is not necessary that young
stock be fed as are fattening animals.
Watch their feed troughs and see that
all Of the daily rations are consumed.
Do not feed them in excess. but make
certain they are contented after each
feeding. See that the exercise lok Is
used daily and that clean water is pro
yided. The failure to feed young stock
properly will open the way for future
serious troubles. and no stockman can
afford to encourage such q practice
even during the winter months.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-01-21

worth developing that we give full de-
tails. We found a 3h-inch clear space
between teeth was too wide, and halv-
ing 1t by inserting more teeth made
the teeth too close. A clear space Of
21s inches would be about right. The
teeth should be heavy enough to be
rigid. We used half-inch steel rods
and had so much trouble with the
teeth bending that we finally aban-
doned the use of the tool. The teeth
should have length of eight inches
in the clear. We found trouble in ad-
justing the hitching to conform to
varying conditions of soil, the drag
fitting forward or backward too much.
We believe that drag made along the
lines indicated and provided with
wheels at the corners would be a good
practical tool for clearing ground of
small stones, provided the soil can be
first put in good condition. 1t would
be pretty expensive on lumpy ground.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-01-21
CLARION CAN BE PREVENTED
Files Are Chief Dissemlnators Of Dis
ease During 0utbreak--Stock
Should Be Vaccinated.

By HARRY MORRIS. Louisiana Expert
ment Station.)
Charlton is caused by a specific min
cro-organism found in the carcasses
OF all animals dying of the disease.
While Charlton cannot be cured, 1t can
be prevented by the enforcement OF
the following sanitary rules and by
vaccination:
/. The complete destruction by burn
ing of all charbonous carcasses as
soon after death as possible. Where
this is not possible, deep burial should
be employed. Carcasses should not
be moved.
2. Carcasses should not be skinned
or opened, as this gives the blood
sucking flies a better opportunity to
fill themselves with the infected blood.
These flies are the chief disseminators
of the disease during an outbreak.
3. Infected areas should be thorough
ly drained and kept under cultivation
for some time before attempts are
made to pasture stock upon them.
4. Stock should be vaccinated with
the double vaccine during the early
spring of each year. Vaccination
should not be postponed until an out
break of Charlton appears, because II
is a preventive and not curative
measure.
II these rules were universally OBJ
served, Charlton would soon become
extinct.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-01-21
VAN DEhAN
Different Varieties Of Pecans.

and of course no crop of any kind
should be planted in the tree row
itself
A good farmer who, at my solicita-
ton, set out pecan orchard, asked
me one day to look at his trees. be-
cause they did not seem to be doing
well. When l drove with him to his
place l had difficulty In finding bis
orchard, for the place on which he
had planted It was now . solid field
Of tall, waving corn, which looked as
IL 1t would produce 100 bushels to the
acre. could not at first see q single
pecan tree, but after locating the corn
row in which the trees were set was
able to find a number Of dead ones
an some very small. living but dis
couraged-looking trees. They would
have had more chance Of survival In
the struggle in their native forests
than in that jungle of corn. The 6eld
was planted solid with corn, there
being Just one hill LEFT out where the
pecan tree stood. The trees were cul-
tivated, and intensely 50, but what
chance had they Of surviving, much
less making a satisfactory growth? ]
believe that when Euclid, the mathe-
matician of antiquity, said, 1T is Inn
possible to have two things In the
same space at the same time," he was
thinking especially of corn crop in
a pecan orchard. Corn is too tall a
plant and too gross feeder to be
used successfully as a cover crop in
any kind of an orchard, unless 1t Is
kept at a reasonable distance from
the trees.
Besides giving the young pecan trees
reasonable protection from the en-
croachment of crops, they should be
protected from their worst of all enc
mics, "the niger and the mule" II
makes no difference how vigorous a
tree grows, If 1t is run over period
ically with pillow and barked by
trace-chains and singletrees, 1t never
gets to bearing age. This enemy usu-
ally can be kept at bay by driving In
three or four stout stakes and mailing
them solid at the top with stats so
as to securely inclose the tree.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-01-21

a clear white egg. while Boston wants
a rich brown color; and the interme-
date cities, all the way across, may,
in a way, take almost any color; but
most city retailers find it to their
advantage to separate the colors to
suit individual customers.
But never, no never, fool away very
much time with scrub" or mongrel
stock on the farm, and don't try to
keep too many breeds or you may soon
have a lot of mongrels yourself.
Even on the regular poultry ranch
where many breeds are kept, strange
'mixeries" sometimes happen in
some most unexplainable way.
It Is often claimed that mixed
breeds or scrubs" lay better than
purebreds, but a careful investigation
will generally prove that the feed,
care, and perhaps the age Of the birds,
has more to do with the egg product
than the simple fact that they are
cross-bred.
But while different markets demand
different colored eggs there is no mar
ket on this continent, at least, that
demands a dirty or stained egg, or
an egg that has been under broody
hen for a night or two, or one that
has been out in the sun for several
days. Gather daily at least and ship
at least weekly.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-01-21
DAIRY HERD IN WINTER
First Essential Is That Cows Be
Kept Comfortable.
Right Kind Of Feed Goes Long Way
Toward Bringing About contented
State Of Mlnd-Several I'M
portant Factors.
(By w. N. KELLY.)

Good stable management is an Inn
portant factor in determining the
profits from the dairy herd during the
winter. The first essential is that the
cows be comfortable, because q COW
kept otherwise can never do her best.
She must have a comfortable place
to lie down, stand up, move and
stretch her limbs and lick herself all
over the body. She must have sun.
shine and plenty Of light. She must
have pure air to breathe, and this
means that the stable must be pro-
vided with some system OF ventila-
ton to give frequent change Of air.
This need not be expensive, only a
little forethought and a few dollars
worth of material and labor. She
must have good pure water at least
twice q day, or better still, have an
automatic water basin at her side.
The stable should be cleaned daily,
and be thoroughly disinfected. The
ceiling, floor and sides should be all
smooth and OF concrete construction,
and the fixtures largely iron. 1t Is not
expensive, and they are sanitary and
permanent
Large, smooth concrete hangers for
feeding are about the best We know
Of today, Judgment and common
sense must be exercised in the meth
DDS of feeding and handling the cows.
Fixed rules in feeding are not prac-
teal.
Overlooking is wasteful; underfeed-
Ing is improbable. The cows must be
well nourished at all times, but II
given more than they need for main
tenance and production, they waste
1t as a rule.
Never stir up dust or foul odors at
milking time. II you do a lot of II
is sure to get into the milk.
Whether to feed the cows just be-
fore milking is a much debated ques
ton. 1t is not at all dangerous to
feed them little grain, provided you
stir up no dust or disagreeable odors.
AS rule, the cows will give down
their milk more freely when they have
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-01-21
INCREASE FARM CROPS
Interesting Experiments in Crop
Rotation in Wisconsin.
Plan Outlined to Determine Value Of
Dralnage-TiIed Land Can BE
Worked Much Earlier In Spring
Best for Truck Crops.

A series of very interesting expert
ments In crop rotation we're made sew
eral years ago in Wisconsin, to deter
mine the value Of drainage. The fol-
lowing plan was adopted:
In the fall of 1910 a field contain
ing q little less than six acres was
tiled. The land for the most part
was very wet and in the natural con-
dition timothy hay would not grow
on the greater part OF it. Hedges grew
on at least half OF the field. Another
field of about the same area and pos
sessing about the same degree Of nat
ural drainage, was used as check on
the tiled land. Exactly the same kind
Of crops were grown, and the same
treatment was given to the two fields
so far as possible. Surface drains
were provided in both cases. This
land, both tiled and untitled, had been
in meadow for ten or twelve years and
consequently was in poor state OF
fertility. This was especially true OF
the higher and better-drained parts.
The effect of draining was very
marked in 1911, due principally
to the fact that the tiled land could
be worked considerably earlier in the
spring. The differences ranged from
25 to 100 per cent in favor Of the tiled
land. In 1912 the effect of thing was
not quite so marked, as the dry wealth
er OF that year permitted of better
drainage on the untitled land. The lat
erals were placed about seventy feet
apart and were not laid in regular or
der, but more in the order of what is
sometimes called the natural" sys-
tenn of thing. The depth varied from
is feet to 3.5 feet.
On this land four-year rotation
was established as follows: Glover
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-01-21
KEEP FARM IMPLEMENTS DRY
Tools and Machines should Be Kept
Under Cover When Not In Use
Expense Not Great.

Every farmer should keep a tool
shed where he can keep all tools
and machines while they are not In
use. An expensive shed is not neces-
sary, the principal point being TO
have some shelter that will keep the
implements dry.
Having finished using a machine Tor
the season, put it under the shed anc
clean the dirt and rust from every
part. Then apply coat OF paint. A
good paint for all farm implements
can be made with red lead and lin
seed oil. Painting machinery is one
of the best methods Of prolonging its
period of usefulness.
Every machine should be inspected
carefully at least once a year, When
any part is found to be broken OF
missing. make a note of the part on
a tag and fasten the tag to the ma
chine. Then, when there is time 70
spare for ordering parts, there VIII DC
no danger OF forgetting or overlooking
ANYTHING that is needed.
The essentials of caring for farm
implements are housing. repairing, oil
ing cleaning and painting.-Clemson
Bulletin.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-01-21
PUREBRED STOCK IN DEMAND
When Pork Market Is Low Is Best
Time for Buying Breeding Stock
Hogs Are Cheap Now.

When hogs are high there is big
demand for purebred stock. Breeders
get more money because the pork
value Of their hogs makes them indie
pendent OF the cheap buyer and be-
cause the demand is sufficient to take
all their stock at good figures.
When hogs are low the demand for
purebred stock falls of, and breeders
are compelled to sell 1t for less than
when market hogs are commanding
good prices.
So when the pork market is low,
when the demand is least for breeding
stock, is the best time to invest in
purebred hogs. Just now hogs are
cheap and breeders have surplus for
sale at reasonable prices. And now Is
the time to go to it" and stock up
with purebred hogs.
Don't wait till everybody wants
them. Get them now and be ready
with q surplus Of your own for the
time when everybody wants them.
That time will come as surely as
night follows day.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-01-21

contented minds, and a little Of the
right kind of feed goes a long way
toward bringing about this contented
state OF mind. Never clean the stables
Just before milking, for 1t will stir up
a tenfold worse odor than any feed
the COWS will eat.
Surrounding conditions have much
to do with the milk-producing value OF
any ration.
Dairy COWS cannot make as good
use Of whole grain as they can OF
grain that has been ground.
In the generality Of cases, heifers
with their first calf do not show as
high a test of butterfat as they do al
a more mature age.
A period of rest before freshening
will usually produce larger flow OF
milk than where the animal is MIXED
close up to caiving.
A man can better afford to sell but
ter at the cost of production than to
sell grain, that is, when the selling
price OF the butter includes the feeds
and labor at their market value.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1916-01-21
HOW TO GROW BLACKBERRIES
Fruit Will Not Thrive In Dry Places
Plenty Of Moisture ls Needed
Cultivate Constantly.

Blackberries need plenty OF mois-
ture and II viii not pay to plant them
on the top OF some dry knoll; for the
fruit will not grow to perfection in
such dry places, and 1t will be hard
and sour. Choose a place where the
ground is of good quality, and where
there is plenty of moisture.
Prepare the ground thoroughly by
blowing and narrowing before plant
ing, and make the ground mellow
down quite deep where you set the
plants. You canPot be too particular
In this respect-remember you are set
ting them out for profit and not simply
to see whether they will grow or not.
They should be set about four feet
apart one way, and eight feet the
other way.
Keep the ground loose by constant
cultivation, and the sooner you can
get good large bush, the sooner you
will get fruit, and keeping the ground
loose will help to keep it moist.