davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05

Second Attack Is Made.
The attack of Won StrantZ having
failed week later, October 3. the
crown prince attacked through the for
est of the Argonne between Varennes
and Verdun. But this assault also was
repulsed by Sarrail who captured Va
rennes and with his left Joined up
with the 4th Army of Gen. Lansle.
The line as then formed by that vic
tory remained much as il is today.
The present attack is directed neither
to the north nor south of Nerdun. but
straight at the forts of the city. These
forts form but a part of the defenses.
For twenty miles in front of Nerdun
have been spread trenches and barb
wire. In turn. these are covered by
artillery positions in the woods and on
every height. Even were fort de-
stroyed. to occupy 1t the enemy must
pass over a terrain every foot of which
is under fire AS the defense of Verdun
has been arranged, each of the forts
is but A rallying point. base. The
actual fighting, the combat that will
decide the struggle. will take place in
the open.
Last month | was invited to one of
the Nerdun forts 1t now lies in the
very path of the drive. and to describe
it would be improper. But the ap-
proaches to the fort are now what
every German knows. They were more
impressive even than the fort. The
'.glacis' of the fort stretched for a
mile. and as we walked in the direction
of the German trenches there was not
a moment when from every side French
guns could not have blown us into
fragments They were mounted on
the spurs of the hills. sunk in pits,
ambushed in the thick pine woods.
Every step forward was made eau
tiously between trenches or through
maZes of barb wire and iron hurdles
with bayonetlike spikes. Even walk
ing leisurely you had to watch your
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05
VERDUN IS HIGHLY FORTIFIED
AGAINST CAPTURE BY GERMANS
Richard Harding Davis Believes Second
Attempt Will Be Futile and Twice
as Costly as the First.
By RICHARD HARDING DAVIS.

Six weeks ago. Nerdun the Germans from dis
OF miles had dropped three shells into Nancy ana
threatened send That Nancy interest which
Nerdun lacked SO noant Nerdn and to hasten
Nancy Today Nancy and her three shells forgotten and
all the world the place greatest Nerdun Verdun
has been Roman and until 1913 did she become part
of France This the fourth she has been aackedby the
Prussans when she suendered by the Ger
1870 when gallant defense OF three weeks she
rendered. and October She then menaced than
attacked 1t the and Gen Strantz with
who threatened her Gen Sarral commanding the
allied forces Saon with three and reinforced by
from Tou directed the defense The attack
made upon Fort oyon about twenty miles south OF Verdun
The fort destroyed but the Germans repused -Four days
later September the real made fifteen miles south OF
Toyon the village Nh The object OF
break through the Nedu line nose Sarra from the south
and Revigny link with the They they would
have had the Sarra surrounded For several days looked
though would succeed though ounumbered Sar
rails line held and he forced Strantz dig in St Mhe
The salient OF St M still 1t is like dagger that failed
reach the heart but stuck the flesh On either side the
French surround it. In January the first line of trenches to
north could look the salient held by the Germans and
the other side them 500 facing the
French trenches to the southwest.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05
WESTERN ARENA.
Chronological Events.
SUNDAY.


Germans continue to hammer de-
lenses about Nerdun. French clam
check for foe in Douaumont section
Teutons begin offensive in cham
payne claiming to have captured 1000
meters of trenches near NavarIn farm.
French bring up strong reinforce
ments to points where German attacks
reach greatest fury.
British and Belgian guns keep up
BON ardment of German positions in
Flanders.
Vile
MONDAY.
Germans advance on the plain of
woevre, capturing Manheulles and
Champion.
Hand-to-hand encounter near Dou
aumont, French claiming r"pulSe of
Germans.
Germans occupy sections or ffench
trenches in Lorraine.
Berlin reports capture of 1919 un-
wounded prisoners in Nerdun battle.
Germans claim capture Of French po
sition at Thiaville, near Babonvilier
TUESDAY.
Intensity of fighting in Nerduu re-
gionS lessons.
Intermittent bomba rdmcnt prevails
a various points.
Twenty aerial encounters between
British and German machines reported.
Berlin reports leveIing Of three ma
chimes.
WEDNESDAY.
Germans heavily lombard at cote de
TOie between Malancourt and FORCES.
TeutOnS delivered spirited attack on
French positions at FreSneS. Paris
claims her forces drove out Germans
who penetrated trenches.
Destruction of Fort NauX. northeast
of Nerdun, reported from German
sources.
French report repulse Of German de-
tachmentS near Rheims.
Fierce artillery actions reported in
Pont "a Mousson, Thiacourt, Alsace re-
gions.
THURSDAY.
Germans resume heavy offensive in
region of Nerdun. French report re-
pulse of several infantry attacks
lie Mort I!omme, the cote du Poivre
and Douaumont sectors suffer heavy
commandments.
French guns shell Germans north
east of ST. MihieI
British capture 500 yards of trenches
near Ypres.
Berlin claims capture Of 451 square
miles of territory in eleven days light
ing.
FRIDAY
German attacks north of the Aisne
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05
AUSTRO-ITALIAN ARENA.
Chronological Events.
SCNDA Y.

SUNDAY.
Particularly intense artillery duels
prevail over whole Isonzo front.
Italians wreck enemy trench on
Montekuk in region of PLAYA.
Activity of mountain attachments
near Monte Merche and on Carso
plateau reported.
MONDAY.
Italians occupy position west of the
height of Mount Marmolada.
TUESDAY.
Italians consolidate Mount Marmolada
positions.
Heavy artillery actions prevail in
Gorilla zone.
WEDNESDAY.
Austrian attack near Marter repulsed
Fighting on IsonZo front continues
despite heavy SnOWfallS.
Italian guns shell Santa Lucia station
and Tolmino and Podgora height bar
racks and shelter
THURSDAY.
Heavy snow slides interfere with
mountain actions.
FRIDAY.
Italians keep up heavy fire against
Austrian positions near Gorilla.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05
NEAR EAST AND AFRICA.
Chronological Events.

SUNDAY.
British carry out bombardment of
Hanna.
Attacks by British reported at several
points in Mesopotamia region.
MONDAY
Russians continue pursuit of Turkish
forces fleeing from ErZerum and near
kermanshah.
TUESDAY,
Turks continue flight in direction OF
Birmingham and Bitlis.
Russians claim occupation of kamalk.
WEDNESDAY,
British occupy Sidi Barani. in west
ern Egypt.
Constantinople reports quelline of
natives between Alden and Hadramont,
Arabia
THURSDAY.
Russians announce capture of Bitlis,
in Turkish Armenia.
FRIDAY.
Russians press their operations over
all sections of Turkish Armenia and
Persia.
Fall of Trebizond announced to be
near.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05

reported repulsed.
French claim gains in fighting around
DoIaumOnt
Heavy artillery actions east of the
MeuSe and in the Woevre.
French gain several elements of Ger
man trenches near SeppoiS, in Upper
AlSace
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05
BALKAN ARENA.
Chronological Events.

SUNDAY
Austro- Hungarian troops occupy Du-
razzo Italians announce chief efforts
VIII be made to defend AvIona
MONDAY.
Bulgarian evacuation of Mona>tir re-
ported. Withdrawal from Gievgeli
also reported.
Vienna claims large captures of men
and stores at DuraZZo.
II ESDAY.
Prince Mirko of Montenegro claims
title to throne.
WEDNESDAY
French a"roS from Saloniki lombard
dcfens"S ON coast of SMYRNA.
THU RSpAY AND FRIDAY.
General quiet prevails in all sections.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05
Kongo Free State Formed.

apportionment of territory having the
sanction of international agreements
Koneo Free State Formed.
I'm 1884 King Leopold of Belgium
succeeded in having a conference call
ed to determine the status of the konso
territory held in trust for civilization
by the African international Associa-
ton. The result of this conference was
the setting up of the konSo Free state.
with the King of Belgium at its head.
In addition thereto the conference de
fined the general sphere OF influence
of the powers in Africa.
In 1890. following out. the plans OF
the conference Great Britain negou-
aied A treaty. signed III beriln. whlch
gave her Uganda. and thus thwarted
dream the Germans had long held OF
through railroad across Africa entirely
on German soil. ON the other hand, hy
ga lining possession OF the territory IN
southeast Africa to the Belgian kongo,
Germany as effectually prevented the
construction of a Cape-to-Cairo rail-
way under British control.
Protectorates Are Established.
"A month later the English and
French signed an agreement recognize
ing a British protectorate over Zanzi-
bar and Pemba. Il French protectorats
over Madag ascar and French sphere
of influence from Algeria southwark to
a point between the town of Say and
Lake chad. Still later England and
Portugal came to an agreement defin-
ing the delimitations of their respec-
tive territories.
I'm later wears came the Boer war.
and thereafter another general sCram-
BILE for influence in Erica. in which
Great Britain secured control over the
orange Free State and the Transvaal,
L ols frrf, 1H- nod ha
Free State. Italy seized Tripoli and
France finally extended a protectorats
over Morocco.
Germans holdings in Africa at the
outbreak of the war amounted to near
ly million square miles. and had q
population of about 100000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05

exploding shells making a territory of
more than twelve miles almost as light
as if the sun We're shining
The ferceSt of the infantry engage
ments has been in the Fort DouaumOnt
section. After three intensive attacks
and at the cost of whole regiments of
men. the Teutous We're enabled to
seize this point Saturday a week ago.
Under French counter attacks early in
the week the Germans lost this point
and a thousand Brandenbureers y IL,
assisted III Storming the fortification
were penned up. German advance dur
ing Thursday and Friday. however.
reached to positions west and south Of
Douaumont. which indicates that the
Brandenbursers not only have been
liberated. but that the French again
have been forced to fall well back
nearer Nerdun.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05
Believed Heights
Will Halt Germans.

n 2 II active
to the southeast in the Fresnes section
and on the Woevre plain. where the
French have been forced to fail back
on the heights of the Meuse. The Ger
mans are declared to have lost prodi-
gious numbers of men in this fighting,
the character of the ground forcing
more or less open attack. giving
French guunerS adequate chance to
riddle and decimate the oncoming enc
my The fact that the French fell back,
however, indicates the intensity of the
TeutOnic attack. as the French were
well munitioned and well supplied with
men i'll this section. Further advances
by the Germans from the center and
southeastern section are doubted, how
ever. inasmuch as the French positions
on the Meuse heights are deemed i'm
pregnable. The German armies would
be forced to scale sharply ascending
heights of almost $50 feet before reach
ing the top of the ridge upon which the
French rest. In fact. il is declared
that it is the one French point which is
impenetrable. The Germans, however
do not deem il so, and though handi-
capped at the present by their inability
to drag heavy guns over the muddy
plains of Woevre. at the present. there
always is the likelihood that they will
be able to do SO before the present Ger
man effort proves itself a failure or
>u'CtSS- lCttiueu gains on any OtneT
section of the front. which forms a l.
around Nerdun. would force the French
to fall back from the Mouse heights,
and it is believed that the chief Teu-
tonic effort to the north is to achieve
this result.
While the conflict about Verdun has
been going on the Germans also have
made advances in the Champagne re-
glon. Germans hurled great forces of
men at the French positions around
Suippes and were enabled TO take sew
eral hundred meters of trenches from
the enemy. The activity in this region
may but preface another determined
offensive here. At this point the Ger
mans are but A hundred miles from
Paris. while Nerdun is forty miles
further away. 1t is believed that the
'Ierman effort was made in order to
force way through to the south and
strike the thalons- Metz railway. which
is the main artery for supplying the
French forces at Eerdun.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05

OF English invention for use in India
is steam thrasher that removes the
grain and at the same time chops the
straw into short lengths. as the natives
prefer to have it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05
Losses Greatest IN
Worlds History.


Worlds History. row holding the
saze Of the entire world Nearly 300
hospital trains have arrived at AK la
Chappelle during the week loaded with
wounded These men describe the con
ficr as n veritapIt hell on earth. Charge
after charge has teen made by the Ger
mans 10 heW their way through the
French and gain their objective. Couu-
Ter charges have followed counter
charges by the French. Hand -ha nd
fghting around Douaumont has been
almost constant. Advancing waves Of
French and German soldiers have been
moved down AS grain before a sharp
and machine gun bullets. Both sides
have been prod gal in tina expenditure
OF men. AT some points. ii is declared
the wounded have been smothered by
the weight of their dead comrades. At
others returning soldiers declare. the
advancing Germans could not fall to
tho ground. they were kept standing
by the corpses of the men that had
fallen in previous charges. The great
German gums keep IN n constant
pounding toward the Qualifications at
Eerdun and have been answered shell
for shell by the French. As the result
of the constant activity of the artil-
lery on both sides the infantry force 5
have been enabled to fight as effective
II At night as by day, the light from
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05
EUROPE OWNS ALL OF AFRICA
BUT TWO SMALL COUNTRIES
Liberia and Abyssinia Alone Are 1nde-
pendent, and the Rest of the Dark
Continent Is Held as Colonies

ties from Europe had invaded the con-
tinent. but there had lever been any
apportionment of territory having the
sanction of international agreements
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05
French Driven to
Heights of Meuse.

pressed the French back from the
heights overlooking the Meuse. Town
after town and fortified position after
position have been slowly absorbed by
Teutonic aggression.
The Germans have been able to bring
UP their powerful hoWitZerS to a point
where they can be trained on the va
rious defenses of Nerdun. Doua umont
is in ruins and seems to be sa fely in
the hands of the Germans for the time
being. The village of Naux has been
occupied by the Teutons, who now are
turning deadly fire on the fort NauX
less than a mile to the southwark.
Pressure is being brought to bear on
the TANKS of the French salient sur
the line to the north. northeast and
northwest running almost east and
west from Narennes TO Douaumont
have been attacking with great fury.
Forces in the southeast from St MihIel
to F'resnes have been launching attack
after attack. and according to Teu-
tonic advices considerable gains have
been made. If these statements are to
to be given credence the French are in
grave peril of being forced back to the
point where the German armies fight
ing directly to the east and northeast
of Verdun will he able TO press in
ward. The French then would be
forced to give up the fortress, IN
order to escape from the German trap.
II the attacking armies are success
full lit carrying out such tactics which
have brought almost every enemy fort
ress thus assailed under the German
eolors the fall of Nerdun is certain.
But can the Germans accomplish the
mission upon which they seem bent?
Allied capitals say no.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05
French Already Have Been
Pressed Back From 457
Miles of Territory.
ALSO FORCED BACK FROM
THE PLAINS OF W0EVRE
Advantage in Battle Apparently
Rests With Armies of
Crown Prince.
BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN.

VIII Nerdun. that famous French
..,,,,rl ,,,,,,5 "a hicb is r,eine. one
~, - a. ti.o,,
OF the e'ed'eS' '"''''S III wv
of the world, fall victim TO the same
,reuror;c military raCtics that forced
,,.., I w.,
'he eNd'u"''''' Va " ny ~
saw and caused the RUSSIANS 10 nee
,,,.c,i,.11,- ovcr III. whole of the east
si" 'a''ie i''''-
That the same system OF campaign
Ing nursued bv the Germans in their
, =; ,;,. ,,,,,,.
e'e"t easier" '">'''> < -
ed on the western front I" gam the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05

The practical termination OF German
rule in Africa serves to emphasize
again the fact that the dark continent
is the greatest region of colonial en-
nloitation in the world. The area Of
Africa is l.e62 900 square miles. eN-
elusive of it's islands. II will be seen
from this that il is nearly four times
as large as the United States. 1t has
a population of 121.000.00o.
And Yet there are onl! two small
countries in the "utire country that
are Liberia and Abys-
sinia Liberia has an area about the
size of Virginia and population equal
to that of the city of Philadelphia
Abyssinia's area is little more than
twice as great that of France or
Germany and its population equals that
of Pennsylvania.
England's Holdings in Africa.
ENGLAND controls a territory in
Africa larger than that of the entire
United States. including Alaska. The
African population under English do
minion is one-half great as the en-
tire population of the United States.
France at the outset OF lhe war hau
an African territory equal in area to
that of the United States and all of
her possessions and Mexico The pop
ulation of French African territories
equals that of Brazil.
Portuguese holdings in Africa are
as large as Mexico. with a population
about half as dense. Belgian holdings
are one-third. and those of Italy one
fifth as large as the territory of con-
tinental United States.
an interesting fact that Great
Britain's holdings in Africa are almost
exactly equal to those in North Amer
lea. They are thirty-tive times as
large as the United Kingdom itself
and have population large enough TO
replace that of the United i>ingdom,
with enough to populate a new London
to spare.
other African Holdings.
The African holdings of France are
times as large in area AS
the home country itself, while the pop
ulation is nearly two-thirds as great
Belgian holdings are eighty-two times
as great in area as Belgium herself,
while the population is more than twice
as great. Italy controls $4,000 square
miles of African territory. which is five
times as much as her European area
These figures were prepared by the
National Geograph Society. whose
Headquarters are in this city. and
which now has the largest membership
of any scientific institution in the
world. The statement which contains
them then proceeds: |
THE manner in which the nations of |
Europe have apportioned the second
largest continent of the world among
themselves forms one of the most unique
chapters in the history of political
geography. |
drift along almost undisturbed by the |
politics of the outside world. 1t 10 true |
that scientific and commercial actiyi.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05
Many Signs of
Offensive Moves.

and ~ the M"selIe river section Re
ports also come that the Germans are
prepared for Il determined advance
along the northern section of the west
err battle line and also between Noyon
and 81. quentin. In fact. both London
and Paris have been informed that II
IS the haIsers intention to make the
Nerdun operations preliminary TO
concerted offensive all along the west
u is believed. however, that the next
week or ten days will decide whether
this is to be true. for such a move pos
slhly would depend on successful op-
eratlons at Nerdun. Should the Ger
mans take this point and force a French
retreat the chance of further ofensiyes
ar other points is great. Should on the
other hand the Germans fail, the op-
/ eratl"hS III tine west, 50 far as they
( concerned, again will settle down to
trench warfare. unless they be forced
| t." defend themselves against an allied
offensive.
While. of course, the battle at Verdun
mas been the outstanding feature of the
activities on the western front there
- ii sidellght which has caused much
discussion IN London. Why have not
IN" Brush moved forward on the
northern end of the line and relieved
the FRENCH. the man in the street has
been asking. Various reasons have been
advanced. IN" chief one being that the
BTlfSh even bN remaining ina ctive have
rendered Invalua BILE assistance to the
French by causing the Germans to re-
tam a large force in the Ypres region
In fear of attack. This excuse has not
Z been acceptable to the British people,
who expect their many Kitchener ar
mics to accomplish something of far
reaching character in Flanders. The
British have regained what is known
as the international trench in the
vicinity of Ypres In the past few days
and may be expected to make further
attacks on the German position, but the
question of determined general Brit
| ish offensive is in doubt.
! While the Germans are hammerins at
| the allies in the west they also are
| nibbling at the
Teutons Nibble Russian positions
| n.: in the Riga and
| Dvinsk regions,
on the eastern front. Russia reports
| unusual preparations on the part of the
Germans in this section and an often
| sive is expected in the immediate flu
| ture. Petrograd declares that several
,,attacks have been repulsed during the
past week at various points along the
eastern front and the enemy incursions
I also have been brought to an abrupt
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05

Never in 10" Histot. "r WITS have
there been such great losses a. suffered
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05

Gen. Lofre IS expected 70 prove the
master of the situation, and 1t is ne
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05

The Germans have driven the French
from several of their fortified positions
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05

There have been signs of determines
Teutonic offensive moves behind III
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05

W lille the Germans are hammering at
the allies in the west they also are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05

| u | IL e UcTtn
and northeast
q { ' e 7 q u n ::
I n ey h a V @
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-03-05

y OF q r ! Y j =
well equipped
With unltICuS
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-05-24

been the cause of more postponed
games than was the case in 1915.
This feature, however, is not sufi-
cient to account for the radical
changes in the standing of a num-
Der of clubs as are shown by the ac-
companying figures.
In the National League the Brook
Ign Club is leading the senior asso-
Citations with a batting average Of
.267 whereas a year ago the Super
bas were seventh with .243. Chica-
go. which was first twelve months
ago, is at present in fifth place with
.249 which is about twenty points
lower than in 1915 The Cubs also
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1916-05-24
MANY NOTABLE CHANGES
IN MAJOR LEAGUES
lBy Associated Press. }

New York, May pa number
of notable changes are apparent in
the playing form OF the major league
clubs at tehe clubs at the close OF the
first month of the pennant season
when the records are compared with
those of a year ago, This is particu-
larIv true of the batting averages Of
the teams as well as the speed on
the bases. Some allowance must be
made for the fact that the inelement
weather of the present spring has