davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-05-14
A Hint to German Raiders.

A change in the disposition of the Brit
ish naval forces is plainly indicated by
the First Lord of the Admiralty in letter
dealing with the recent bombardment Of
Lowestoft and Yarmouth. 1t is difficult
to account for the publication of this in
formation unless it was intended for the
solace of inhabitants on the East Coast
Mr.. Balfour does not go into particulars,
but intimates chat raid on the coast Of
Norfolk-never a safe operation-will
henceforth be far more perilous TO the
aggressor than it has been in the past"
and that it is not an experiment "they
would be we'll advised to repeat"
Under the most favorable conditions
such enterprises were always dangerous
out of all proportion to the probable bene-
fit. Nothing of Importance was achieved
in former raids and considerable risk
of being cut off was run by the attacking
souadrons. Indeed, when Scarborough
and Hartlepool were bombarded in the
winter of 1914 the only obvious sxplana-
ton was that the Germans hoped to create
panic and by popular clamor to bring
about a redistribution of the naval forces.
Unfortunately for them, they did not sue
coed. and though there was undoubtedly a
great deal of uneasiness in East Anglia, 1t
was not difficult to convince the people
that such raids were always possible,
though perilous, under the conditions that
prevailed.
No effort had, in fact, been made to
seal up the German ports. 1t was hoped,
on the contrary, that the fleet would come
out, and it was expedient to keep the main
feet in northern waters. The possibility
of an attempt at invasion was not over
looked. But the earlier raids conveyed no
serious threat of such an event. 1t was
always necessary to do as much damage
in as short a time as possible and then to
get away; on one occasion, indeed, the
raiders apparently made good their escape
in mist which fortunately saved them
from destruction by a British patrolling
squadron. After the fight off the Dogger
Bank there was long interval in which
no raids were even attempted, and the
bonrbardment of Lowestoft and Yarmouth
the other day seems to have been hurried
and comparatively futile. 1t is difficult,
indeed, to explain the change in policy,
except as a weak concession to a popular
demand which has sometimes been urgent
but was never justifable on strategic
grounds.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-05-14
Also DISTINGUISHED.

To the Editor OF The Tribune.
Sir: May |, who am also disfranehlseo '"
New Jersey, present through your column,
my cordial sympathies to c. II. r. Az W
ancestors since the beginning Of The nsto"
were also Americans in every meaning OF 'ns
word They helped build New Jersey Ny
parents and grandparents were born 10 w
United States, yet | also am deprived o.
vote for President next fall. 49,.
am DISTINGUISHED. not for one year ou.
for my lifetime. and not because ! nav
voluntarily moved from one state 70 anoth.
knowing electoral conditions before "eH''
but because | am a woman.
When c. H. X. finds himself lined up nei.
fall with women, aliens, criminals ~.
idiots" let him ask himself whether ne hs'
done all in his power hitherto 70 help AMER
can born women 10 escape from this GROW
which he finds not to his liking. Neither S'
| find it 20 my liking.
AN AMERICAN-BoRN CITIZEN WITHOUT
A CITIZENS PRIVILEGES.
Summit, N. j., May 3, 1915.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-05-14
IRELAND AND ARMENIA
Two Uprisings and the Toll Exacted tor
Their Failure.
To the Editor OF The Tribune.

To the Editor Of The Tribune.
Sir: II there were any lack OF evidence
70 test the sincerity and integrity OF gov
eminent in handling its subjects during the
perilous period Of the present war, and also,
if crushed and helpless Armenia ever desired
TO prove to the civilized world her martyr
dom and barbarous treatment at the
the Turkish government certainly there could
not be better and more convincing example
than Ireland's rebellion Of 1916.
With its traditions and national inspira-
lions the Sim Fein chose the opportune mo-
ment to cripple England with an internal
struggle and win independence for their
fatherland. The leaders, Sir Roger Case
ment. the Provisional President Pearse, ct al,
with direct aid from the German govern
ment. the hating enemy Of England, hoped
to secure freedom for Ireland through an
armed rebellion. But. fortunately or un-
fortunately, the rebellion failed Quick ac-
ton by the British government put an end
TO that bloody farce. and the leaders, brought
20 trial under martial law. were executed
one after another. Any civilized government
would do the same under such circumstances
Yet the great mass of Irish people live IN
the normal condition: no molestatlon, no
persecution for the innocent people.
Turn to the other side Of the picture. In
the early spring of 1915 the men between
eighteen and forty-fve years taken to
the army to fight for the country. Only
old men. women and children left at home
Not gun fired; not single shot heard
Suddenly an order is issued: "All Armenans
must go" Where to? Wherever the Turk
sh government sees fit. On the way Turks
and Kurds kill and massacre the defenceless
people old men, women and children; girls
are violated and taken into the harems, boys
sold to slavery. Corpses of Armenians were
strewn on the plains OF Armenia. The rivers
streamed with Armenans blood. The sur
vivors became subjects of torments and star
walton. And high officers, from Talaat Bey
to Enver Pacha, from the Kaiser TO Won
Jagow. from Hollweg to Won Bern
storf, shamelessly and heartlessly defend
the barbaric order as military necessity"
Name it what you will you vampires Of the
twentieth century, Civilized mankind can
not be fooled. The day of reckoning is not
far Oft when you each and all will be asked
to answer the great charge-to fix the re-
sponsibility for the determination of the
Armenians. DIKRAN MGOONTlAN.
West Hoboken. n. j., May 9, 1916.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-05-14
"Sense and Nonsense About Peace.

To the Editor Of The Tribune.
Sir: | have read your editorial Sense
and Nonsense About Peace" When we re-
call all that WAS written in The Tribune
since the beginning of the war we ask our
selves if Of all the nonsense written the
latest creation is not the sheerest nonsense.
That Germany should surrender any terri
tory after her victorious armies arc not only
holding their enemies at bay in their oppo-
nents' countries but have still the strength
TO take the offensive, would be an assump-
ton TO which no German would listen.
Our esteemed editor would have perhaps
more success in urging England to set Ire
land free, TO give the Beers their indie
pendence and to give Egypt and India con-
troll of their own governments. Those peo-
pie are clamoring more for freedom from the
English yoke than the people OF Alsace
Lorraine want 10 be freed from Germany.
Perhaps another half-year OF fighting VIII
destroy such illusion as TO Germany re-ced-
ing any of her territory 10 her enemies.
We are ell DESTROYS of peace, and hope
and prav to see the bloody conflict ended
on the other side, but peace where the victor
has to pay the indemnity is only an Eng
lish peace. As TO the Commandments,
they are more than ever DESTROYS that peace
will be restored, but in such a way that Ger
many and her people are in future secure
from attacks from the east or west.
STEPHEN BINDER.
Brooklyn, May II, 1916.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-05-14
What of the Author ?

David Belasco announces that he will
close the run of George Scarborough's
successful melodrama, "The Heart Of
Wetona." at the Lyceum theatre, on Sat
urday night of this week. The play is
valuable piece of theatrical property; 1t
has drawn crowded houses since the open
ing night and promised to continue to do
so for some time to come, with at least one
flourishing season on the road already as
sured, certainty of stock production and
probable ultimate transferrence to the
screen.
How much of all this productiveness
Mr.. Belasco has decided to kill is at pres
ent unknown. Certain it is that he has
stopped the play in the heyday of its
prosperitv because Of what he considers
an attempted hold-up by the members OF
the cast. who, according TO the report, re-
fuse to abide by the terms of the option
on their services for another season In
cluded in their contracts. They have
struck for higher salaries regardless Of
their written and signed agreements to
continue at the old rates when called upon
to do so. Mr.. Belasco can stand the finan-
cial loss; the actors have, no doubt, their
own view Of the controversy, but-what
about the author?
II NAV be assumed that a successful
playwright like Mr.. Scarborough has not
sold his drama outright, but has a con-
tract with the manager on a royalty basis
What are its terms? Do they provide for
so rare an interruption of the run of the
piece as this actors strike, as it may be
called under the present legal elasticity of
the Interpretation of the meaning of the
word? If not, what then? What are the
authors rights in an exceptional case like
this?
On the face of it, the situation created
by the company's ultimatum and the
managers decision does Mr. Scarborough
out of considerable, constant and safe
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-05-14

To the Editor Of The Tribune.
Sir: The difficulty Of raising armies IS pest
exemplifcd by the CONSUMPTION crisis IN the
English Cabinet and by the refusal OF our
House Of Representatives at Washington TO
accept the Senate's minimum OF 26O,oOo men
for our regular peace establishment
While il is true that the United States IS
not at war, events in Mexico, not to speak Of
the European situation make 1t imperative
for this country not to delay too long the
adoption of military law providing for an
army numerous enough to protect the nation
The pacifsts have seen fit to use the press
the lecture platform and the pulpit to create
confusion. 20 becloud this vital issue by link
ing for certain purposes, which 1t Is not nee
essary TO analyze now, the question OF pre-
paredness with that of militarism. They DO
not realize. these pncifsts, that preparedness
and miltarism are two different things. Mill
tarism cannot be defined. IL must be lved'
II must be felt It must be experienced IN
order TO know and TO grasp its degrading
features. Therefore. TO preach, to lecture or
to write against militarism in republic like
ours is like attempting to break in an open
door.
From time immemorial nations have been
confronted with the military problem-from
the Roman legions down to the present times.
The French Revolution was the mother OF
CONSUMPTION. The Constituent Assembly
had rejected what was then called compulsory
service. Judging it to be Incompatible with
the dignity and liberty Of free born citizen
The situation became acute when monarchlcal
Europe lined up its forces against the FIRST
Republic something had to be done to- meet
the continental coalition. 1t was then that
the convention. in its famous proclamation,
posted all over France, and commencing with
these words, "The country is in danger, ap-
pealed for volunteers to come forward to en-
roll for the "Salut de la Republque'
The appeal was needed. A wave OF patriot
ism swept the country and carried thousands
and thousands Of men from every village and
city to register. The result was surprising
The Republic under the leadership OF such
able generals as Hoche, Jourdan and Moreau'
and later on Bonaparte, cleared France or
her enemies, but at terrible cost Of human
life. These victories depleted France OF her
manhood and the question arose, How IS the
Republc TO replace the men who died for
her?
General Jourdan found the solution. Be
fore the Council Of the Five Hundred, sort
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-05-14
THE ORIGIN OF UNIVERSAL MILITARY SERVICE
by the Leaders of the the Republic
the pJeomcEm
Practice luton Of te Problem

is called here "disorderly conduct Som. %
these fellows occasionally forgot 20 join IN.
regiment 20 which they were assigned, 20 tina,
"papa's boy" meaning the rich mans son.
had TO find another substitute. or do military
service himself. To be absolutely fair IL mus.
be stated that not every substitute acted tina.
way Many a poor young man sold hims.I,
to satisfy his fathers angry creditors, or 70
provide dowry for his manageable sister
a. in those times no girl could find husband.
no matter how beautiful or talented she
was. il she had not dowry; so that very
often there was a pathetic or dramatic note
in the transaction.
use adysedly the word transaction BE-.
cause it was strictly a commercial barterng
contaminated in a regular Office similar TO the
Offices in this city where help is hired. Tn.
men ready and anxious 10 sell themselves ss,
on bench waiting for the prospective buyer.
Outside Of the place was sign reading:
$50 and So. Marchand dc Consents deals,
in conscripts).
But TO come back 20 our story Other ns.
tions followed the example Of France. The
first was Prussia, which improved on the sys.
tenn and developed il further. But Prussia
had definitely declared for universal seryic.
without distinction Of class or right ~ 81.
emption by purchase. After the victory o.
Napoleon at Tilsit. Prussia, by the treaty Of
that name, was restricted TO an army OF 5000
men. This insignificant number, however.
did not seem 20 worry very much the Prus-
sian statesmen, who found way gu. OF n.
difficulty By sending the trained soldiers 70
their homes 20 be recalled when needed and
replacing them with recruits up 20 the stipg.
lated number, thus seemingly complying with
the conditions dictated By Napoleon, but at
the same time evadng the spirit Of the re-.
strcting clause.
Il is that system when started nations 70
have reserve armies. After Sadowa, in 1866,
or. rather. after the Franco-Prussisn War IN
1870. every continental power reorgsnzed IL,
military institution on the model Of Prussia
Let IL not be forgotten, however, that II TO-
day Prussia, with its vsssal states-that Is,
the German Empire-has such a giant army,
she owes IL to the French Revolution. France,
surrounded by enemies, taught monsrehcsl
Europe how to raise armies, victorious armies,
by creating and enforcing the conscription
law which enabled her TO plant the French
flag practically in every capital OF the Con-
tinent.
Let the Germans and their friends who
shout Deutschland uber Allies" read and
mediate. They will find that even they hsv.
profted by the French Revolution.
JONAS LIPPMANN,
Formerly Of the journal d'Asace.'
New York, May IL, 1916.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-05-14

revenue for at least year to come. How
is he protected? To whom, in equity and
under the law, must he look for the pro-
lection and enforcement Of his unques-
tionable rights?
No doubt the case will be taken up by
the society Of American Dramatists and
by the Authors League of America. IL IS
Of the utmost Importance in Its WIDER
bearings, for it affects novelists, poets
and essayists as much as il affects play
wrights.
Where, indeed, does the authors right
in his work stop? Several years ago an
American publishing house arbitrarily
withdrew from sale the first (and the
best) novel of our foremost reaist. The
book was hailed with delight and respect
by those able to Judge on both sides of the
Atlantic, its success was assured, but
voices were raised against its Immoral
ity." II was no more immoral than
Guide the Obscure" or lord Ormond and
His Aminta"; it was just as truly art. the
Philistinc outcry against it was far less
vociferous than that raised against these
two earlier novels, but the publisher took
fright.
That author has made his way since; he
has battled for his right to depict life as
he sees it and won, but it was not till ten
wears later that another American pub
Usher found the courage to reissue the
book. The loss to the author in revenue
from its sales when it first began to at
tract nrerited attention and was sup
pressed remains uncalculable. And APP
parently he had no redress.
Contracts are tricky things. Only law
yers should draw them up-and even
then 1t is silly and futile to sheer at
"amalgamated unions of journeyman
noveIists, poets and artists" They evil
IDENTIFY need all the protection for the
work of their brains and hands which the
law can be made to give them. Only the
other day Governor Whitman refused in
corporation TO the Authors League and
Foundation of America because the
powers it sought were too wide and too
great. There is evidently need of greater
power for the league in its work of safe
guarding the rights of authorship. 1t has
already achieved much; its field Of service
apparently widens with each new victory
won.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-05-14
The Old North Bridge.

Night, and the marching armies Of the
wind;
The waters wandering to eternity;
And things that were and things that
are to be
A-whisper in the willows. Who so blind,
So blasted in his heart, but he will find
Some portent in the stately history
OF this sweet place? Twas here we
were made free:
The Tyrant met us here, and God was kind.
And o thou River Concord, that shall flow
Forevermore 'twixt two eternities,
That fowest where all dreams and morn
ings 60,
Sweet mornings, busy with the busting
bees,
Flow thou forever on And tell the tide
Twas not in vain that here our fathers
died.
EARL SIMoNSoN.
Concord, Mass, May 10, 1916.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-05-14

Of legislative body, this general Of the French
Republic introduced "projet de loi,' en-
titled transcription The word CONSUMPTION
was then used for the first time in the MS
tory OF the word-coined by Republican
France for the benefit Of all other nations, be
IL said to her eternal honor. The law passed
in 1893 declared every male citizen Liable 70
military service for a period OF hve years
from the age Of twenty TO the age OF twenty
fve the conscripts to be divided into classes
and TO be called out at the discretion Of the
government as circumstances may require IT.
Conscrption won the victories of the French
Revolution. The great Carnot nicknamed
the "Organizer Of Victory" and Bonsparte
both acknowledged it after having first op-
posed il. In his interview at Schoenbrunn
with Metternch few years later in 1904 or
1905. Bonaparte made this startling remark;
az can well afford TO lose 10000 men every
month. as long as | have the conscription to
fall back upon
Later on. however. the law was so amended
as to permit the right Of exemption by the
payment for a substitute, exemption being
determined by the drawing of lots. That was
great mistake, as it killed the democratic
spirit of the army and laid the foundation for
the coming crushing defeat Of 1870. Ma
poleon III, always hestating and always un-
able to take a resolution, did not dare propose
to the Chamber Of Deputies to repeal that
part Of the CONSUMPTION law. That is why
his army was Justly nicknamed "l'armee des
mercenaires.'
II may not be out Of place to state here
how substitution was carried out The writer
remembers having witnessed on several occa-
sions scenes attending the drawing OF lots
and the subsequent purchase OF and payment
for a substitute To make it clear 10 the
reader this is the way il worked: Every
year in the fall the government issued an
appeal calling for so many men who that year
had reached the age of twenty. II the num-
Der Of men available in each ward exceeded
the number required by the government, a
drawing would take place, and the man draw
! ing the highest number would be exempted
from service, while the unlucky ones who
had drawn the smaller numbers were declared
after a physical examination bon pour SER
vice" good for service, with the privilege,
if they were men of means, Of buying substl-
tutes to do military service for them
The substitute was generally a poor chap
in quest of adventure. The price he received
for selling himself was subject to market
conditions" if | may so express it-that IS,
regulated by the natural law Of supply and
demand as is that OF any other commodity.
The money thus received by the substitute
was spent in reyelries which generally landed
him in a prison cell, under the charge Of what
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-05-14
The Dishonor List.
TOR of The Tribune.

To the Editor Of The Tribune.
Sir: am one of the millions in this covn
try who feel the tremendous Importance OF
adequate military preparedness. Will you
not make it easy for me and the thousand:
Of others who feel as do 10 record our just
indignation against the Congressman who
have voted against the Senate bill which pro-
posed increasing our regular army to 100000
which was the minimum figure set by the
General staff as indispensable for the pro
lection of our country?
Would it not be a good idea as the fall
elections approach TO publish list of the
Congressman who voted for or against the
above Senate BILL c. r. RICHARDSON.
New York, May -. 1915.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-05-14
An Object Lesson.

Yesterdays great parade, uneXampled IN
spontaneity and in the universally of the
feeling represented by its 15O,OOO-odd
marchers of both sexes and of all classes
and parties. is a lesson for those who have
been foolishly minimizing the popular sup
port behind the preparedness movement.
This movement has been denounced in Con-
gress and in the pacifist press as an aglta-
ton promoted by the munitions manufact-
urers and shipbuilders in their own selfish
interest.
But no self-interested agitation could
ever have compassed the remarkable dem
onstration which stirred this city yester-
dav. New York is thoroughly and aggres-
sively awake to the perils of our present
condition of military insecurity-to the
folly of that superficial optimism which has
led our government to neglect preparing
against military disaster while there is
still time to prepare.
This city is alive as never before to the
necessity of real preparedness. And what
is true Of feeling here is undoubtedly
true of feeling in the rest of the state.
Would that Chairman Hay, the arch en-
envy in Congress of legislation designed
to create a real army, had had seat yes
terday in the Madison Square reviewing
stand! Would that the weakened Ad-
ministration at Washington which has
feared to antagonize him had also been
represented there, to measure the signlti-
canoe of the demonstration and to imbibe
some of its exhilarating and combatant
spirit
Yesterdays parade spoke New York's
Judgment on the necessity of prepared
ness. But we have Representatives in
Congress who cannot read signs and
omens even so manifest. Last Monday,
when the House of Representatives was
asked to concur in the Senate's amend
ment to the Hay bill, fixing the peace
strength of the regular army at 100000,
one New York Congressman, Mr.. Meyer
London, voted in the negative. Mr.. Lon
don is a Socialist and probably does not
have the least ambition to reflect the pre-
vai,ing sentiment of the community.
But there were, according to 1.-The Con-
gressional Record" seven other New York
members who contributed TO the defeat OF
the motion to concur by being absent and
impaired. They were:
Charles P. Caldwell, Democrat.
Joseph V. Flynn, Democrat.
James P. Maher, Democrat.
Daniel j. Riordan, Democrat.
Michael F. Conry, Democrat.
Charles B. Ward, Republican.
Daniel A. Driscoll, Democrat.
The parade ought to serve as an OBJ
iect lesson to these gentlemen. They
have made themselves also an object les
son in what to avoid in the voting booth
to all those who took part in the parade
or got patriotic satisfaction out of it.