davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Devils Lake world and inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1915-1920, 1916-09-21
Springs

Popular favor has been sought after by the advo-5
to the superiority of the three-quarter elliptic spring
for rear suspension, and now, after three years Wig
orous campaigning, the advantages of the latter type
in spite of it's higher cost, makes it the ruling favor
ite. A singular point in connection with the use Of
the three-quarter elliptic springs by Studebaker is
the fact that this type is used almost exclusively on
all higher priced cars.
Three-quarter elliptic .46.5 per cent
Cantilever ............ .28.7 per cent
Semi-ellirti tic ............... 100 per cent
PLATFORM 800. 6.3 per cent
Miscellaneous 7.6 per cent
The Devils Lake world and inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1915-1920, 1916-09-21
Fours and Skies

The popular demand has conferred on cars of four
and six cylinders, hence Studebaker confines itself to
these two types. The wisdom of this policy IS
shown when the classification Of ali cars shows that
Fours and Skies together constitute 85.8 per cent Of
the 439 models. The division is as follows:
Fours .44.7 per cent
Skies .............. AL per cent
Fights ............... 11.6 per cent
Twelves ............... 2.6 per cent
The Devils Lake world and inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1915-1920, 1916-09-21
Ignition

The controversy over the relative merit of the
generator-battery %ignation as against magnetic igni-
tinon has been bitterly fought, but since it was ad-
opted by Studebaker, four years ago, generator-bat-
terry ignition has been steadily gaining ground in it's
struggle for popularity. The simplicity, the relia-
bility, the durability and the freedom from all trou-
BILE of the generator-battery ignition system have
proven that Studebaker was right in adopting this
type of ignition. The wisdom of the change is be-
coming more obvious every day. Of the two types
of ignition the percentage are as follows:
Observation-Disclosures ......... 1914 per cent
Magnetic ................ 1876 per cent
The Devils Lake world and inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1915-1920, 1916-09-21
Starting System

Studebaker was one of the first to use an electric
starting and lighting system. observation-disclosures
equipment was used from the very first, the only
cha fha4g Hal 6e,ag sn maze; after it the e very cry t aGeni year in Tne1
of the less efficiency single-unit system of the first
year. Again Studebaker speriority is proved by the
comparative percentages:
.Two-unit systems .........5l.0 per cent
Single-unit systems ........ 40 @ per cent
Still more convincing is the use in Studebaker
cars of the six-volt system. Experience has shown
that this type is most efficient and consequently it
is used by Studebaker. There are other voltages
used, but the six-volt p~redominates.
Six-volt system ......... .69.2 per cent
Twelve-volt system ....... % 6 per cent
Miscellaneous ............. 7.2 per cent
The Devils Lake world and inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1915-1920, 1916-09-21
FACTS FOR MOTOR CAR BUYERS

When you buy your motor car today, the things that she
assertions but absolute facts. Realizing this, we are pointing OF
and figures which were obtained from a direct comparison Of c
Are and Automobile.
The following analysis of different cars, made in a pure
lshed in the journals mentioned above, enables you to actually
in comparison with others; and, for your own benefit, you sho
this analysis before you decide on the car you will buy.
The Devils Lake world and inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1915-1920, 1916-09-21
Cooling System

To properly cool a motor the majority of engineers
and especially those who design the highest priced
cars-have decided in favor Of the pump system.
This is the only system Studebaker has ever used.
Some use the cheaper, heavier, and less efficient
Evening star., 1916-08-06

else. They possess swift. deft fingers
and an extraordinary store of patience:
An abundance of every variety OF
moss is necessary in this work: The
mountains are made of one kind, the
rocks are decorated with another. and
lichened moss of white is used under
the pines. The hachi-niwa artist is
provided with chop sticks. which he
uses with skilled ease and celerity: a
trowel which looks as If 1t had been
made to complete some dolls OUTFIT,
scoops which hold but few grains Of
sand, pair of forceps with which the
moss Is adjusted. the tiniest OF nat
irons for giving smoothness TO the
sand, brooms two inches in length. used
to sweep away superfiuous sand grains.
a sieve which sifts the powder for a.
snow scene. and the finest of water
sprayers for the purpose OF keepfng1ho
moss damp and fresh.
X X
It is fascinating to watch the 4refge :
work First he selects a dish He hadt
his scene in mind and sets to work.
The foundations are laid with fnea -
damp earth. The formation of nouns
tafns takes considerable time. They
must be carved and patted and nodded
into as perfect a shape as possible; a
realistic gorge placed. through the
depths of which runs a clamorous :
stream and along whose dangerous
sides climbs a narrow mountain road
this is not the task for q novice. Thiax
bit of delicate work calls for the most
deXterous of fingers. The next step fS
the introduction of house or temple.
bridges, shrines and stones. Trees ares
chosen with eye to beautiful and ar-s
tstic effects and are planted in the Pos
sition that will show them off to thos
best advantage. ;.
Sand is used last and history OF its.
correct use would fill fat volume. At
hand are sands of many different col
ors. The deep gray is used for deep
water a lighter shade of the same
color represents the shadows. The ef-
feet of plunging torrents of water Is
expressed by a clever arrangement OF
pure white chips of granite. Roads and
such glimpses of bare earth as are af-
forded are constructed of yellow sand.
To confuse the color of the sands in
making one of these gardens would be
an objectionable offense in the eye of q
master.
Such a garden is not made in a day. .
The dwarfed pines must be properly
trained Often tree five or six inches
tall will require as many years to at
tain its best Naples are used, too, in
large numbers. Life and character Is
given to the toy gardens by introduce
ing the most diminutive OF temples,
which are usually perfect miniature
replicas of some original modelled OF
clay. Very frequently they are painted.
Pilgrims, Japanese peddlers and coolies,
an inch tall, are put into the scenes,
along with the smallest of boatA
thatched cottages, RATS. mills. etc.
Evening star., 1916-08-06
Ter Visits Greenvale, the Old Hickey Home

ey. sisters of Col William Hickey. be-
came Catholic nuns. One was known as
Sister William Anna and the other as
Sister Josephine. They died at Ford
ham. N Y. There was another daugh-
ter. Mary Hickey. She married Capt.
John C. Fitzpatrick and lived South
B street, Capitol Hill. Capt. Fitzpatrick
was disbursing officer of the Senate
and a son succeeded him in that posi-
ton. He the father of James n.
Fitzpatrick, who was assistant chief of
the division of appointments of the
Treasury Department at the time of
his death. few months ago. Another
daughter of James Hickey was Anna.
who made her home with her sister
Mary on Capitol Hill. Anna died about
1854.
Evening star., 1916-08-06

part of their country as cherry bios
SONS and chrysanthemums. In both an
cient and modern gardens of Japan
these wonderful old trees may be seen
trained to every conceivable shape. One
picturesque and popular style shows
the venerable pine fashioned TO resem-
BILE boat. favorite in the garden is
the pine bent, twisted and storm-toss-
ed. a traveller first glimpsing these
gnarled old pines may exclaim at the
signs of their antiquity and is aston
ished indeed when told that the tree is
young in years though old in appear
ance. having been so trained by the de-
signer.
Less frequently they are seen as
crouching dragons. or as representing
Mount Full The Full pine" has its
main branch bent in such way that 1t
bears striking resemblance to that
barren. conical peake of fame. Other
branches OF the Full pine are arranged
so that their leaves look like the dense
woods seen at the base of Mount FuJi
The training of these trees is begun
when the tree is young and tender.
After a shape is chosen framework
of bamboo is made and the branches
are fastened in such a way that they
gradually grow to the bamboo shape.
Evening star., 1916-08-06

cidental In case certain blossoming
shrubs are introduced into garden
scheme, it is usually more because of
the beauty of the shrub itself than be-
cause of the beauty of it's blossoms. The
gorgeous. rose-colored aZaleas grow in
huge masses all over Japan. The aza-
leas are popular. both because they
are such natural vegetation and be-
cause they conform so admirably to the
regulation shape.
The lotus is the only flower included
in the real design of garden. How
ever, the Towering trees are all per-
Qitted. Most of the lilies are found in
the yards of the humble cottagers. The
stems of many of these grow six and
seven feet tall. and at the top of each
may nod twenty or thirty exquisite
blossoms. They attract much more at
tention and admiration from strangers
than they ever do from the Japanese.
The Snowy tiger lily is grown for it's
bulbs, which are edible. The gorgeous
ness of its flowers does not excite en-
thusiasm. The cultivation of the lily
known as the Harrisii for exporting
has grown into a lively industry in
Japan. These are the choice Easter
lilies Of the world.
A Japanese garden may be OF any
Evening star., 1916-08-06
QUAINT ourBurLD1vcs OF cREENvALE

usually a tree is pruned and trimmed
annually.
Often the main stem of each branch
and number of the side ones are cut
away. The designer then gives the
branch an entirely new lead so that it
may grow at right angles to it's origi-
nal direction. Each year the extra
branches are removed and the line of
the main stems is closely followed.
Another picturesque effect is attain
ed by carrying a single long pine
branch out over stream or pond. The
trees entire strength is concentrated
in this branch. These trees are fire.
Quently seen on the slope of a terraced
hillside.
Not all Japanese pines are trained to
unusual and fantastic forms. however.
A number have been left in their nat
ural state, and are none the less admir-
ed. Japan claims the largest and most
curious pine in the world, known as
the "Karasaki tree" whose beautiful
branches sweep out and down until
they Just miss touching the ground.
The karasaki tree is said to be CEN
turtles old, veritaDle 'fount of age
1t is beginning to totter and needs have
supports of wood and stone It's huge
trunk is said to be draped in lichen.
This superb old pine is known as one
of the Eight Beauties of Omi.'
No Shinto temple or Buddhist shrine
would be complete without pines. A
Evening star., 1916-08-06

garden without a pine tree is an un-
heard-of thing. Pines are the guardians
of the Japanese home, and the imperial
palace reposes matestically in their
shade. All celebrated scenic effects are
famous for their pines. one such spot
Is but a narrow peninsula down the
center of which runs an avenue bor-
dered with these great evergreens: 1t
is known by the name of Ama-no-
Hashi date, which. angliciZed, Is
bridge or ladder of heaven"
To the Japanese the pine tree is
symbolic of endurance, longevity, Joy.
constancy. health and eternity. 1t
finds favor with the artists. not only
of Japan. but of the world. because 1t
combines 50 admirably and incom-
parably with such a variety of sub
jects-snow. rain. mists. lightning, the
rising sun. storks, pigeons. cuckoos.
monkeys, flrefiies. turtles. cranes and
every kind of moon. whether 1t be
crescent. half, full, autumnal or misty.
To the dwarf trees Of Japan is accord
ed a reputation worldwide. These trees
are the result of years of the most care
ful training. and in a Japanese nursery
garden each dwarf tree is a tiny gem, a
tribute to arboreal art. Perfect pines
and jumpers, some of them under three
feet in height. stand about the nursery
gardens in dainty. delicately tinted por-
celain bowls. Many have been trained
to age and their trunks are knotted and
corded. Each one has a peculiar charm.
With others OF the dwarf trees are
naples, thujas. larches and willows. The
Towering trees, like the plum, peach and
cherry. form bewildering array of love-
liness when blossom covered. There is
tale told Of one dwarf treasure which
brought 1000 yen-approximately $500.
This was a weeping willow that had
taken many years to gain perfection and
stood but six inches high. The dwarf
trees are said to yield the successful
nurseryman comfortable income. Some
Of his products are but three inches in
height. One small three-tiered box held
garceful weeping willow that stood no
more than three inches in height, a mag
niflcent little spruce fir and beautiful
dwarf bamboo but an inch and half tall.
On the night of the first of April of
each year a sale Of dwarf trees Is held.
The trees are placed In the stalls which
border each side Of a narrow street.
There are seen every type and variety of
miniature tree, many of them fruit trees,
their branches covered with tiny buds.
There are the reddishbrownish buds Of
the world famed cherry Of Japan, the
stolid robust little peach, each bud
touched with a velvety pink; a display
Of naples with leaves varying from fam
ing scarlet to the softest bronze. Another
stall Is crowded with pyrus, a plant
which yields readily to training, and. as
a consequence. among them are any
number Of curious shapes.
Nearby forests in miniature attract
Evening star., 1916-08-06

the eye. The trees are larches and throw
their shadows over tiny ravines thick
with moss. Rivers of white sand wend
their way between the walls of the
ravine. The dwarf pines have a differ
ent setting: in one. for instance, their
twisted branches are trained to extend
out over a ragged precipice. Besides
this beautiful array of dwarf trees
there is a gay profusion of exquisite
flowers.
The Japanese are peculiar in their
choice of flowers. The rose and the lily
are not priced as highly as the iris. the
chrysanthemum. the peony. the hydran-
gea and others. To them the pure
beauty of the rose is too exaggerated: !:
they find it almost garish. At this sale
are the snowy azaleas, the fragrant
daphnes, the delicately colored for
sythias and a multitude of others.
These are all planted in soft colored
porcelain bowls. in which each blossom
ing plant is a vivid picture.
Flowers seem so naturally to belong
to any lovely garden that 1t is with
some surprise that one learns that so
few flowers grow in the Japanese gar
den. Flowers for their own sakes never
appear in the gardens. At best they
are but a minor accessory and often ac-
Evening star., 1916-08-06
PRESENT RESIDENTS OF GREENvALE.

Daniel Webster, Edward Everett, John
c. Calhoun. Thomas Hart Benton, Lewis
Cass Senator Fitzpatrick of Alabama,
Senator Jesse u. Bright of Indiana,
setts, who became Vice President on
Grants reelection; Representative
Reagan of Texas. who became a mem
Der of the cabinet of jefferson Davis
and a United States senator; Senator
Andrew Johnson, who succeeded to the
presidency on the assa assination of
President Lincoln; Senator George
Jones of Iowa, and scores of other dis
friends of Col. Hickey.
The first of the children of Col. Will
liam Hickey to be born in the new
brick house at Greenvale was John F.
Hickey. long a resident of Prince
Georges county, for good many years
a resident of Hyattsville and we'll
known to many OF the people of Wash
ington. The date of his birth was No
vember -, 1S43. Educated at George
town College and Gonzaga College. he
was appointed engrossing clerk of the
Senate and wrote the first bill which
was signed by President Lincoln. a bill
relating to granting permission to
states to uniform and equip troops.
This bill is one of the exhibits Of the
State Department.
Mr.. Hickey refused to take the oath
of allegiance and forfeited his pay as
engrossing clerk of the Senate for the
month of June. 1851, and was retired
from the service. In August. 1862. he
went south and Joined the 1st Mary
land Confederate Cavalry. Troop B.
This regiment was in the advance
guard in the Gettysburg campaign, go
ing and in the rear guard during the
retreat of the Army of Northern Vir-
ginia to Virginia
throughout
that memorable campaign. He partici-
pated in the campaign of Early against
Washington in the summer of 1864, but
was wounded just before the battle OF
the Monocacy, two of his ribs being
broken. and he was not with Early's di-
vision when it appeared before WASH
ington.
But after the raid against the capital
Mr. Hickey was well enough to reJoin
his command and was in the rearguard
which covered Early's retreat over the
Potomac and back into Virginia. He
was with his regiment in the advance
guard of McCausland's raid into Penn
sylvania and was wounded in the right
arm. captured and sent as prisoner
to Camp Chase. Ohio. where he re-
mained until March IL. 1865, being re-
leased under an order from President
Lincoln that he should be turned over
to his father, the elder Hickey having
given bond for the good behavior OF
the SON He has held public office in
Prince Georges county and has been uv-
ing at Hyattsville since 1855.
There is one point in the career OF
Col william Hickey which the Rambler
forgot to jot down earlier In this mar
rative. 1t is that Col Hickey was the
private secretary for Daniel Carroll of
Duddington, on whose farm much Of
Washington stands, and on the death
of Mr. Carroll, Col Hickey settled his
estate.
Evening star., 1916-08-06
MANSION HOUSE ON GREENVALE.

crossing of the stream the road is
strangely bordered with unfragrant
alanthus trees. Near the barn and the
spring live in a pretty cottage John
and Katherine Boyle, children of John
Boyle, who kept a dairy for long
years at the corner of 10th and F
streets northeast, and died a few years
ago at the age of ninety.
Soon after crossing the bridge one
sees on low hilltop brick house of
unusual size and stateliness, its broad
and heavy chimneys rising above the
tops of the high trees that throw their
shadows on the dark red walls. That is
the mansion house of Greenvale, and 1t
was to tell the story of this house that
the Rambler set out upon this journey.
1t was the home of Col, William
Hickey, known to all Washingtonians
of another generation and whose de-
scendants are numerous in Washing
ton and its environs. For some time this
old house has been occupied by c. A.
Christensen, superintendent of the
plant of tile and brick company, and
his large and happy family. In the
Evening star., 1916-08-06

the Swedes and renamed Fort Casimir. The
Dutch in turn captured both forts in 1855 and
reduced the Swedish settlement to their obedi-
All this turmoil was taking place
within the territory granted to Lord
Baltimore, and led to long negotia-
tions and controversy between Lord
Baltimore and the Dutch along the
Delaware. One of the arguments in
behalf of the Dutch rights in that part
of the country is contained in the Jour
nal of the Dutch Embassy to Mary
land and in the journal is this refer
ence to Ployten or Plowden:
And said that therefore we both Of us we'll
knew that such mistake; that our people
were in possession of New Netherland and had
settled on that place several years before Lord
Balthamoer had obtained his patent; further
alleging. among other things, that Sir Edm.
P1oyten had in former times set up a claim to
Deloware bay and that, therefore. one claim
must be good as the other
Whereunto he replied that Ployten had had
commission and lay in Jail in England
count Of his debts, relating that he had solicited
a patent for Nova Album from the king. but 1t
refused him. and he thereupon applied to
the viceroy Of Ireland from whom he had OBJ
Evening star., 1916-08-06

lying between the Bladensburg road and
the Eastern branch and between Mount
Hamilton. opposite Mount Olivet ceme-
terry, and Mount Lincoln, on which the
National Training School for Boys
stands. The Rambler does not know
the extent of the tract. but it was a
large and fruitful farm. The home of
the Brent family was a large stone
house. John Carroll Brent, who was
one of the distinguished men of Wash
ington. was born in that stone house.
Among the many civic activities OF
John Carroll Brent. he was one of the
incorporators of st. Josephs Male Or
phan Asylum, together with Thomas
Carbery, James S. Harvey. Thomas
Feran, Gregory Ennis, Nicholas Callan.
Hugh B. Sweeny, Richard H. Clark and
recalls that John Carroll Brent was
one of the directors of Central Dis
pensary, which was established in 1871,
mainly through the work of Drs. G. l..
Magruder, H. H Barker, Austin Brock,
enbrough. Robertson Howard. P. T.
Keen and Ralph Walsh. Among Mr..
Brent's fellow directors of the Central
Dispensary. which at the time 1t was
founded was the only general dis
pensary service in the city, and until
recent years remained the only place
for outdoor relief open to the poor of
Washington, regardless of age, color
or sex. were n. P. Chapman, John c.
McKelden, George P Fisher, Matthew
G. Emery. W. J. Murtagh, Jesse B. Will
son, John w. Thompson. J. w. Bar
ker, Arthur Shepherd, George H. Plant.
B. n Stinemetz, w. NJ. Shuster, W. NJ.
Morrison and D. w Middleton.
Greenvale was used by Col. William
Brent as the summer home for his
family. the city home of the Brents
being on the east side of Delaware
avenue between B and C streets. The
house stood on a high bank. The Of
fee building of the Senate now covers
the site of that house Col. Brent had
three daughters, who were wonderfully
popular in Washington society Two
of them were Clementina and Emily.
and the third, according to recollec-
ton, was Fannie. who became the wife
of a Mr. Chiffon, who was in the
diplomatic or the consular service
under the administration of President
Buchanan.
Greenvale, which Col William Hickey
moved into in 1922, was destroyed by
fire in 1870, and the Hickey family
moved temporarily into the house now
occupied by the Rupert family in that
neighborhood. Directly after the de
struction of the stone house Col. hickey
began the construction of the big BRICK
house which stands there today IN an
excellent state of upkeep. The corner
stone of that house was laid in 1S40 by
Father Lucas, pastor of st. Peter S
Catholic Church. The house was COM
pleted in 1912.
1t was the scene of many festlvities
and the resort of many men famous in
their day, and of men whose fame is
secure for all time Among the frequent
guests at Greenvale were Henry Clay,