davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Norwich bulletin., 1916-01-01

or import of merchandise Heretofore, practically all of the foreign business of the United States has been financed through London, and our bankers and merchants and manufacturers have paid tribute to the English money markets. Drafts were drawn for ,ac- ceptance in pounds sterling and were negotiated in the London market The authority given to our national banks to accept bills of exchange has result ed in rapidly increasing amount of bills Of exchange drawn upon and negotiated in our market and is going to be an immensely important infiu- ence in the development of foreign trade because of the economies that will result for the American exporter and importer of goods and the pres- tige that 1t will carry with it in estab- fishing our large financial centers as factors in the worlds money market.
 Since their establishment the federal reserve banks alone have dealt in ex- port and import bills drawn against and accepted by American banks to the amount of $37. .466, ,000, and though this is a very small amount as com pared with the vast transactions of the London market, still it marks real beginning and it has all arisen during and been created by the first years s operation of the federal reserve banks.
 More or less complaint has been made of the great ease of money rates since the establishment of the federal reserve banks, and because of their part in the situation, caused by the released reserves under the terms of the federal reserve act. This has un- doubtedly contributed largely. to the situation and it is felt quite generally that the reserve reduction should have been made gradually and covering the period required for the complete transfer of reserves. On the other hand, it must be borne in mind that the federal reserve banks were organ ized for the benefit of the whole busi- ness community and that the plentiful rates have been important factors in our rapid business revival of the last few months and have enabled the United States to take a place in the-i ternatfonal money markets which would otherwise have been impossible.
 A Difficult Problem.
 One of the most difficult problems has been the establishment of a sys- tenn for collection of checks through the federal reserve banks. Such a system was undoubtedly contemplated under the terms of the act, but the problem is so cast in volume and so intricate and far-reaching in its rami- f1cations that in spite Of the fact that 1t has been the subject of constant study for the last year by the officers of the banks the progress made to date has been small, but it is hoped that largely extended in the near future. There is no doubt, however, that the activities of the federal reserve banks. in this field have had a marked indi- rect effect and the subject has been under renewed and careful study and
Norwich bulletin., 1916-01-01
Sketches of 1hny-two Members of the New
 London County Bar
tcontinued from Page Eish.)

Ia warm interest n his younger brethren.
 Because of his abilities and address he won the confidence of the courts in which he practiced and was the per- sonai friend of many of the judges Such a career as that of Daniel B Chadwick reflects the highest credit upon the entire state, within whose borders he was so weil-known.
 RALPH WHEELER
 Judge Wheeler while at the bar fig ured but little in the higher courts.
 He was man of polished address and an excellent sneaker, and was in de- mand as an orator during political campaigns. A consistent democrat, his voice was often heard at the conven-
 tons of his party, as well as upon the hustings, and because of his strong fea1ty as well as his ability, he was in middle life,- appointed to the bench of the super1or court, where he presided at many trials, both oiyii and criminal. In the latter part of his Judicial career he was given considerable prominence because Of his severe sentence, whether deserved or uadeserved we do not att tempt to say, in the notorious Addia Burns casee
 In private life. Judge Wheeler was the urbane, courteous gentleman, aI- ways consideraAe Of others. firm fr his own opinions, and however much dis- inclined to concur in the opinions of others, at all times ready to concede a point which he regarded as well taken by his opponent. He died shortly after leaving the bench.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-01-01

career Of great usefulness. His un- timely and tragic death was a great shock to his wide circle of friends to whom he had endeared himself by his many manly and Iovable characteris- tics.
 DANIEL a. CHADWICK
 Ono of the ablest and most brilliant lawyers of his time, was Daniel B. Chadwick, of Lyme a member of the old family Of that name. who while residing in the extrerne southwestern end of th6 county, spent much of his time in Norwich and New London be- cause Of his duties as states attorney for the county.
 With the possible exception of Gov. Waller .he was the most brilliant law yer ever holding that ofiice,. and dur ing his administrations he endeavored Do be scrJipulously fair to accused and their attorneys alike
 His Idea of the duties of his ;office, he apparently seemed to regard, as in- volving the fact thatfit was for him to see that justice was. done, rather than that he should '.win' cases, and for this reason he always inclined towards leniepeys when 1t accorded with. his senseenf right He tried many impor- tant eases in Norwich and New Lon- dou,t and his practice as we'll extended 10 other counties, and he frequently ippeared in the courts of New Haven snd Hartford
 Mr. Chadwick in figure and person pore a marked resemblance to Mr. Brandegee. He was the most ap- 9roaehable of men and always evinced
Norwich bulletin., 1916-01-01

turities and for some particular kinds of paper the creation of which. it is hoped, will be encouraged by a low rate. The question has often been asked why, under existing conditions. the federal reserve banks rates should not more nearly coincide with the minimum discount rate for commer- cial paper which has been about one- half of one per cent. below the bank rate in the larger markets. The poll icy governing the establishment of bank rates in this country has unques- tionably been wise-it being a gem orally accepted practice in countries where central bank discount rate is in use to make such a rate as will not precipitate too rapid a decline nor ac- tolerate too rapid an advance--lnak- Ing for a stability of rates a Discouraged High Rates.
 Internationally the establishment of lower discount than the maximum prevailing at the time of the opening of the banks had a tendency to dis courage the charging of abnormaily high rates in districts where capital was scarce and credit in great demand. On the other hand, a great ease in money soon developad and the policy pursued was in line, with the best sbanking practice abroad in that the federal reserve banks practically kept out of the market by maintaining a ~ discount rate. Undoubtedly, in time. the discount rates of the federal re- serve banks will be as important a controlling factor as the discount rates of the great European banks. but since the opening sof the federal reserve banks. excepting perhaps the first few weeks, the federal reserve. banks dis count rates have not been a factor. of great influence to the country over, and they will not become so until the money market hardens and, +he pres- sure for accommodation. both foreign and domestic, begins to rapidly absorb our available supply of credit.
 If the discount rate works, as it should the federal reserve bank rates should become an effective Cue with the first period of tight money in the country. The bank rate of the fed eral reserve banks will become much more important when the business conditions of the world return to nor nal, for then this country will un- doubtedly be confronted with a stren- uous effort on the part of all the Euro pean countries to rehabiIitate their gold reserves, which have been great ly depleted by the financing incidental to the war. Every legitimate method to European coffers. and our abfI- ity to nafntaih our reserves will depend on the manner in which the discount rate of the federal re- serve banks is adjusted to meet the situation.
 Another Important Provision.
 Another and very important proyi- sion of the law was that which au- thorized the federal reserve banks to issue their notes against rediscounts of commercial paper by the member
Norwich bulletin., 1916-01-01

banks. These notes are secured either by the deposit of commercial paper or gold with the federal representative in the federal reserve banks.
 The ability to issue them against discounts of commercial paper has put the federal reserve banks in a position to meet any unusual currency needs at once on the request of any of the member banks. and has provided an equally satisfactory arrangement for their retirement by levying 10 per cent. tax upon them if put in circula- tion by any federal reserve bank other than the original bank of issue. Dur Ing the first part of the year of the operation of the reserve banks there was redundancy of currency in most sections of the country. and the process of retiring the emergency currency is- sued under the terms of the Aldrich- Vreeland act was in rapid progress, except in the southern and southwest .ern districts. and there the substitu- ton of federal reserve notes for Ald- rich -Vreeland notes was rapid. In the other districts 1t was felt that it would be advantageous to substitute. so far as practicable. for the purposes of cir culation, federal reserve notes for gold certiheates. because for. circulation purposes federal reserve n0tes.aare as good currency as the gold certificate, butgthey are not good for reserve pur- poses for banks, nor for the mainte- nance of credits based upon them, and consequently it was felt that the po- sition of the federal reserve. banks would be strengthened by the 5substi- tuition of their own notes for gold, and this process has gone steadily on until as mentioned before, the federal re- serve banks have issued federal re- serve notes to the amount of $1S3, ,000,- 900, against which is held $166, ,0G0, 900 In gold, which, had not this policy been pursued, would have been in circula- ton andAiof no value fras a. basis for credits s;s.es papers of the country has taken excep- ton to this process of substitution of federal reserve notes for gold, main taining that 1t was a process of infa- ton which should not be pursued. This position seems entirely untenable in view of the fact that for every dollar of federal reserve notes issued, except e against rediscount, there is inn poA>lded in the vaults of the federal reserve banks a corresponding amount of gold, and it simply means substi- tutions of federal reserve notes for gold gold Is of no value as basis for credit, and placing the gold in the banks, where. it can readily be made available. So much for the operations of the note issues during the first year of the federal reserve banks.
 Deveiopment of eAeeeptanee Business.
 One of. the most. important and in- teresting activities of the federal re- serve banks has been the development of the acceptance business, made pos- sible by the authority given to the na- tional banks to accept bills of exchange drawn in connection with the export
Norwich bulletin., 1916-01-01

And below. likewise by New Yol station gives .iv varying dnnensons
Norwich bulletin., 1916-01-01

trtved in very ingenious and handy manner. One consists of an ordinary table knife with the. cutting edge as usual on one side. but having fork prongs protecting from the extremity of the blunt side. Another is an -or- dinary fork with the inner prong widened and sf1arpened. A meat mtncer" consists of two sharp pronged forks arranged pincer like or like chop sticks. Another offering is a little rack which enables a one-armed card player to hold, arrange, and shuttle his cards.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-01-01
AS TO THE COST OF srLAcE.

of slage statistics aren't worth nnucI its cost dollars So depends labor that would perfectly adequate estimate pitury another. ST slos in widely separated few The filling $1.5s This added the of slage the so $245 average be from the further silage in Individual varied s2a7 other put in his tons for $1S5 less, each
 In ths, in other things big the portionaI machinery machinery capacity.
  of side walls necessarily tire of contents small these and other usually held build so jest eetle Digger than theory indicates ofs rather than build smaller : CONCERNING THE PRoFITAeLENEss or THE slIo whether profitable for any particular farmer question solely settle himself. 5ss5E
 If Is Keeping to dozen cows and has land which will produce at pertence of indicate stock by from three without in of their feeding calves to sell E and more manure to grow better crops with.
 so isn't compelled to throw himself mercy division Burea of Animal Agriculture any such farmer Will tell 1t the size and kind of silo he needed of cost And he will for Farmers Bulletin find in 1t complete detailed instructions draing to illustrate each successive step in construction.
 sf- THE FARMER
Norwich bulletin., 1916-01-01

Norways Discovery. Norway has at last discoyered who put the '.jay" in 'Fjord. .s-Boeton Transcript.
Norwich bulletin., 1916-01-01
PUBLICATIONS FROM MEN
 setaAfMED IN THE WAR
German Christmas Jewelry Catalogue Contains Section for one-armed Mem

Berlin. Dec Silt is beginning to be realized In Germany that the war is going to leave the beI1igerent na.- tions with a great number of maimed and crippled men, and German inven- tors and organizers are already al work providing for the special needs of this class. The Christmas cata- 1ogue Of a Berlin jewelry firm. for ex- ample. contains a distinct section for one-armed men. There are several kinds of so-ca1led fork-lznives. con
Norwich bulletin., 1916-01-01
DLAMETER lN FIENT.

With o any plan sifo working idea of the e ought to s4=s#s
Norwich bulletin., 1916-01-01
7HE SMO AND SlLAGE
tcontinued from Page Two)
AS TO THE SIZE or THE slLo

SIZE THE slLo.
 measured the of siiase better be too deep rather than of inches ought be taken of In weather The weight of cubic fourteen feet this would make the ose pounds enough at forty pounds
 
 diameter will be required through the heght Assuming the diameter ree tons of sage forty thirty is held should be at least it's twice thrice it's diameter is about the E proper height station gives Approximate according 70 number be fed: < Diameter of n Number ,s - ls ls F F $ ,s ,s go
 And table likewise the New York dimensions: ssts DIAMETER FEEr Feet Ton. Tons Ton. Tons Ton. Tons Ton.
 
 -.s ss ss s5 n
  s@ S2s 101 115 1s0 se1s
Norwich bulletin., 1916-01-01


 
  =- ~ s>2
Norwich bulletin., 1916-01-01

-er+~. ss
The Penn's Grove record., 1916-05-12

~ tuere is going on a great
war, an endless war, a holy war, be-
tween the cause of God and the mighty
forces of evil. What are we DOING
Are we openly On the side of evil, or
secretly in league or sympathy with
It?
A Christian cannot really discharge
his duty by giving a little money, buy
ing himself out, and then leaving 1t
to the clergy, as if 1t was their bust
ness, and theirs alone. 1t is personal
service that is wanted, the universal
personal service of all Christian men
and women-nothing less than that.
What is each of US doing in the spirit
ual fight? Upon all shirkers and all
reutrals in that fight there will come
the curse of Meroz, if only in the feel
ing of remorsef for their neglected duty
and lost opportunities. And upon all
who take their part there will come
blessing and peace of mind, such as
we know have come to so many brave
men in this earthly contest when they
have faced the sacrifice of self for
duty and for country, and for what
they held to be the of God.-Rey.
Canon He hhouse.
The Penn's Grove record., 1916-05-12
Democratic Right to Be Proud.

Much has been said of the federal
reserve system as a constructive act
of legislation. But all that has been
said of it in this character as a fact
for peace is outdone in what is now
said of it as a fact for war by i'm
partial observers at a distance and
speaking in the light of the greatest
cataclysm ever known to the world.
There has been no political maxim
in this country more arrogantly ex-
plotted by its formulators than that
the Republican is the party of con-
struction and the Democratic the party
of destruction. But the fact remains
that this greatest act of legislative
construction in over fifty years is the
work of the so-called party of destruc-
tion-a work achieved in the nick of
time against the insistent neglect of
the so-called party Of construction.
The Penn's Grove record., 1916-05-12
RECITAL OF RUIN
That Is, According to Republican
Argument.
New York World Points Out How
standpat Organs Have Brought
Disaster on Their Cause by
Persistent Foolish Claims.

If it was not for the European war
the country by this time would be in
dustrially in ruins because of the I'm
derwood-Simmons tariff act. If you
DO not believe it, go back and see how
imports were overwhelming us in the
nrst year of this act. which ended Just
before the war broke out-the fiscal
year 1915"
This daily chant of the standpat or
gans apparently moved the senate
awhile ago to address to the depart
ment of commerce a resolution of in
quiry which Secretary Redfeld now
responds to. And the damning fact is
admitted that imports in 1914 under
the said tariff were As per cent
larger than in 1913 under the Payne
Aldrich tariff. Dutiable imports were
actually less, but free imports, chief
ly of materials for our factories, were
larger.
This is bad, but a worse tale of
ruin remains to be told. 1t relates to
the first year of the prior Payne-AI-
drich standpat tariff and is proved in
precisely the same way. In that first
year imports increased is pei cent
over the previous year.
Therefore it is shown by accepted
standpat rules of evidence that four
times more ruin was produced by the
Payne-Aldrich tariff in its first year
thai by the Underwood Simmons tariff
In its first year.-New York World.
The Penn's Grove record., 1916-05-12
Labor,s Share of the Profit.

lncome-tax returns prove that the
wel-to-do are earning more money
than ever before. Reports of railroads
and industrial companies show that
they are earning on the average larger
profits than they ever earned in the
past. The general advance in wages
all over this country, emphasized by
United States Steel's announcement
of another increase involving SIS, 000,-
900, proves also that the American
workfngman is getting more money in
his pay envelope than was ever put in
1t in any previous year Every COM
modify. or at least every essential one,
is higher in price, and SO the entire
land has been lifted upon a plane
hitherto untouched. Big profits, big
d big prices go hand in hand.
ces are high commodities ap-
2 scarce, and when wages are
Dor is least plentiful. Today
there is a genuine dearth of labor in
the United States, which contrasts
with endless lines at soup kitchens
and two millions idle a few years ago.
The Penn's Grove record., 1916-05-12
GLASS OF WATER
Upset Her.

People who don't know about food
should never be allowed to feed per-
sons with weak stomachs.
Sometime ago a young woman who
lives in Me. had an attack Of scarlet
fever, and when convalescing was per-
mitted to eat anything she wanted.
Indiscriminate feeding soon put her
back in bed with severe stomach and
kidney trouble.
There l stayed" she says, "three
months, with my stomach in such con-
dition that l could take only a few tea
%spoonfuls of milk or beef juice at a
time. Finally Grape-Nuts was brought
to my attention and I asked my doc
tor if I might eat it. He said, yes
and l commenced at once
"The food did me good from the
start and 1 was soon out of bed and re-
covered from the stomach trouble. J.
have gained ten pounds and am able
to do all household duties, some days
sitting down only long enough to eat
my meals. l can eat anything that
one ought to eat, but I still continue
10 eat 0Tdpc-1NutS dI UTSdhIdSt duu
supper and like it better every day.
considering that I could stand only
a short time, and that a glass of water
seemed so heavy I am fully satisfied
that Grape-Nuts has been everything
to me and that my return to health
is due to it.
81 have told several friends having
-
Grape-Nuts did for me and in every
case they speak highly of the food"
There's a Reason" Name given
by Postum Co., Battle Creek, Mich.
z Ever read the above Ietterf A new
one appears from time to time. They
are genuine, true, and full Of aumau
interest.
The Penn's Grove record., 1916-05-12

aNotrS g
by the National Woman's
Christian Temperance Union.)
CONSTITUTIONAL PROHIBITION.

SONS IONAL ONs
(Anna A. Gordon, President National
w. C.. T. U. and One of the National
Prohibition Amendment Commission.)
In order to win national constitu-
tional prohibition two-thirds of the
members of the United States senate
and house of representatives must
vote in favor of a bill referring the
question to the various states for rati-
ication through their legislatures.
When SO of our 48 states through q
majority vote of their legislatures rat
ify the measure thus referred it Ia
adopted and becomes a part of the
United States Constitution. Such a
~prohibitory amendment is surely in
harmony with the spirit of the Consti-
tuition of the United States, which, as
it's preamble declares, was established
ito promote the general welfare and
secure the blessing of liberty to our
selves and our ~posterity.
Nineteen commonwealth have al
ready gained the high, dry ground Of
statewide prohibition. Six states
Nebraska, South Dakota, Montana,
California, Idaho and Michigan-vote
on the question On November Z. Idaho
In the endeavor to change it's statu-
tory prohibitory law to constitutional
prohibition. The territory of Alaska
also closes a prohibition campaign on
November Z. If we can win this ad-
ditional prohibition territory and call
a roll of 26 prohibition states we
shall be within ten states of our ma
tional goal. The fact that more than
half the people and more than three
quarters of the area of this country
are under prohibitory laws is assur
ance that we are fast nearing national
constitutional prohibition.
All states will benefit by the amend
ment. All will still have power to go
Just as far as they desire in prohibit.
ing any phase of the liquor traffic and
will have the aid which comes FROM
a national policy. Our greatest diff
Guilty today is the difference in policy
between the nations government and
the prohibition states. With a SIM
liar prohibition standard in the ma
ton and the states federal and state
officers would furnish "a frank and
candid cooperation for the general
good"
The Penn's Grove record., 1916-05-12

and present experiences which may
lead US to feel the truth of these
words more keenly. We have beer
stirred by the spectacle of hundreds
of thousands of men going volunta1'
lily to serve their country. to Oppose
a mighty enemy, to incur the utmos-
danger, to face death with cheerful
ness And then, while we have beer
justly proud of the thousands who
were ready to go, we have sometimes
felt shame for the far smaller mum
Der who held back. Why did theI
hold back? we ask.
A recruiting officer told me early
in the war of two answers he had
received in one day from men who
refused to go. One said, II didn't
make the war" and the other. 4
don't want to be mixed up in it on
either side" Those were the an
swers not, probably, of towards, but
of men whose minds moved very slow
ly and whose hearts were not easily
stirred, who had no moral sensitive
ness, nc eager chivalry for the right
no keenness to find out what is Godf
cause and to go to help it. Thei
wanted, in effect, to remain neutral
when neutrality was impossible.
Always a Holy War.
What l have said so far has beer
rather by wav nf ii'--