Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1916-02-12
FETTERED BY CASTE
AMERICAN WRITER cRlT1ClZES
SYSTEM IN BRITAIN.
High Governmental Places Reserved
for Members of the Aristocracy-
Fitness Considered a Matter
of Little Moment.

In an old and stable land, governed
by a monarchy, with social standards
as fixed as the social foundations, the
conventions played an enormous part;
and the conventions in England were
all against hard work 1t was the lei
sured class that ruled, that made up
society, that held all the positions men
naturally covet. Time and again have
| been assured by Americans, Cana
dams and Australians that what most
impressed them In that England which
has been killed by the war was the
prevalence of the caste system. They
were quite right, Sydney Brooks
writes In the North American Review.
The caste system was beyond doubt
the outstanding feature of the British
structure 1t was the caste system
that made the West end of London the
governing center of the empire. 1t
was the caste system that In every
British ministry reserved an excessive
number of places for the aristocracy,
whose title to them was based plainly
on the nonessentials of birth, manners
and social position. Nobody pretended
that they were the best men for the
offices they filled or that the country
received from them anything like full
value for its money. They were there
chiefly because they were born in the
purple and could not be got rid of.
Hence politics in England remained
rntv ,f fptn md ha
business, as the war has shown but
too clearly, was too often entrusted to
a set of charming, wealthy and condo
scending amateurs. But it was social
ly and industrially rather than politi-
cally that the caste system worked its
that made the English atmosphere be-
fore the war so difficult for an Ameri-
can to breathe in freely? 1t was, |
believe, that he felt himself in coun-
try where the dignity of life was lower
than in his own; Il country where n
man born in ordinary circumstances
expected, and was expected, to die in
ordinary circumstances; where the
scope of his efforts was traced before
hand by the accident of position;
where he was handicapped in all cases
and crushed in most by the superin-
cumbent weight of convention, good
FORM" and the deadening artificialities
and traditions of an old society.
That unconquerable buoyance which
infects the American air like a sting
and challenge, and braces every Amer
lean with the inspira ton that he has
n chance In life: that here are open
opportunities, unreserved possibilities.
no battering at locked doors. no foun-
dering down blind alleys; that here. I'M
short, it is the man himself who makes
his career-is something which Eng
land before the war. had so disastrous
ly lost as to be hardly capable of real
izing it, The number of things that an
English gentleman" and still more an
English ''lady" could not do without
losing social caste was so proiigiout
as to form almost schedule of forbid
den industries. There were some
trades and professions and occupa-
tons that We're respectable" and 9th
ers which were not. Only an English
man knew which was which, ana he
knew it by an instinct which was born
in him, which he never examined, and
so could not define. These Fictitious
and conventional gradations exist, Of
course, to some extent everywhere, but
nowhere were they so stereotyped. no
where did they strike so deeply as in
the ante-bellum England. There was
not a single Englishman who had not
the social privilege of despising some
other Englishman, and the lower one
penetrated in the social scale the more
complex and mysterious and the more
rigidly drawn did these lines of de-
marcation become.