davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15

dozen specimens have been planted.
After all that has been done, the ma
jority of the school yards are still
largely unimproved.
The educational results of Arbor
Day endeavors, however have been
extensive and beneficial. Even though
the celebrations have been largely
exhibitions of sentiment and the plant
ing almost wholly unsuccessful, yet
pupils. teachers and parents have
learned much about trees as useful,
living things, and about forests as
great sources of national wealth to
be protected and perpetually main
tanned. The smallness of the results
has itself drawn attention to the in
adequacy Of past methods. 1t is due
in part to lessons learned in Arbor
Day planting that we are now ready
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15

as okra, of which ne family is fond
and which are difficult to obtain in
local markets or are commonly high
priced The housewife probably will
want little bed of parsley. chives. or
other herbs, not because they are ex-
pensive to buy, but because of the con-
venience Of being able to pick sprig
Just when it Is needed. f..
The profit from gardening, how
ever, comes not alone from the vege-
tables that are produced. The healthy
outdoor recreation and exercise and
the educational value of garden in
training children manually, and in in
culcating in them habits of order and
industry must not be overlooked.
Fathers and mothers will find that the
preliminary planning of a garden Will
do much to arouse the interest OF the
young people and encourage them to
do their share in cultivating and weed
| ing it. This will be particularly true
| if the owner hires a laborer to do the
I first heavy spading and lets the family
begin it's gardening not with hea.y,
disheartening drudgery but on a patch
ready for the lighter work Of making
the seed bed. ...
Having decided what is to be
planted, the indoor gardener draws
lines or symbols on his outlined plan
to indicate the different crops, insert
| ing the date when each is to be
planted. Where a second or third
crop Is to follow the same row or oc-
cupy the same ground, this may be
written in red or blue, which indicates
| iS 70 hn
earlier crop is over. In laying out the
plan the owner should consider the
amount of each vegetable necessary
for serving for his family He also
should bear in mind the habits Of the
plants so as to allow space enough
between the rows for their proper
growth, for the interplanting Of later
crops. and for easy cultivation. The
cultivation, Of course, is easiest when
the rows are " to 2 feet apart, as
this permits the use Of wheel cultiva-
tors. Plants which make a high
,, growth and cause heavy shade natur-
ally should not be located where they
will interfere with sun-loving small
plants. Perennials, such as rhubarb
and asparagus, which are not cult
waited, should not be grown among
plants which call for tilling. The
planning may be extended also to the
planting of small fruits, such as cur
| rants, raspberries and grapes, and
even to the location of apple or other
fruit trees.
Where there are very small chill
dren in the family, a separate small
plot should be set aside for their play
par6eps IF thew have their own veg
eta bles which they are free to pull up,
examine, or treat as they like, they
are less liable to conduct their juvenile
botanical experiments in the garden
which is being grown for serious pur-
poses.
An excellent plan Gas il1ustratedD
was made from an unusually we'll
arranged and successful garden that
was grown in city back yard 25x70
feet in dimensions. The plan also
can be used in laying out plot of
larger yard or. with changes in guam
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15

"Plan your backyard garden on
paper in advance" A little indoor
gardening of this sort will enable you
to have fresh vegetables throughout
the season and will make the same
ground, with little extra labor and
expense, yield two or three crops in
stead Of the single crop commonly
raised in small gardens. Where two
or three crops are grown Instead or
one, a comparatively small garden will
supply the average family with fresh
vegeta bles all season. Moreover, such
planting in advance will enable you 20
get the ground ready in time for
planting and to secure your seeds and
plant them at the dates which give
each variety its best growing condi-
tions. For example, if you will thus
plan the plot to be devoted to peas,
by the time your first crop Is har-
vested. the second crop will be, In
bearing, and the plants of the third
well advanced. -..... .
All the tools that are necessary for
indoor gardening, which can be made
an interesting recreation for the whole
household, are a large sheet OF wrap
ping paper, a ruler and pencil. After
looking over the garden and selecting
the plot of soil best suited for your
purpose, measure this and outline it
on paper on a scale of ID or Is inch
to the foot.
|. Next study your books on the gar
den and horticulture and the seed
catalogues to determine what can be
grown in your climate under the con-
:A(- a
in your back yard. This study may
lead you to plan bitches to improve
drainage, show you that your SOIL
needs finely sifted ashes to break up
it's sticky character, or that you must
add rotted manure, dried blood, bone
meal, wood ashes, lime, or other fer
tilizers to make it suitable for vege-
tables.
Then comes the consultation with
the family to determine the sorts or
Vegetables the different members like.
and which, therefore, they personally
will be interested in raising. Conflne
your selections to the standard we'll
tried sorts. Finally, and this is most
important, is the conference between
the garden force and the housewife as
to what vegetables really are worth
raising in the back yard. 1t will hardly
pay to raise in small space potatoes,
corn cucumbers, squashes or melons,
which occupy large area in proper
ton to yield. and which can be bought
cheaply in nearby markets.
In general, the aim of the backyard
gardener should be to raise those
vegetables which are either expensive
or in which the flavor or quality de-
ponds Importantly on absolute fresh
ness Peas and string or lima beans,
to be at their best, should be cooked
almost Immediately after they are
gathered. Peas kept even for day
lose their delicate bloom and sweet
ness. Consequently as much space as
possible should be devoted to such
vegetables, and other vegetables in
which freshness does not count so
Importantly should largely be used as
filters to keep the ground at work.
Effort also should be made IN gar
den to have special vegetables, such
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15

"A Field Of Pop Corn Planted In
Hills. Pop Corn Has Strong Ten
dency to Sucker. On Icic', Ground
& It Often Suckers Profusely.
ducer's ability to grow pop corn of
good quality store his corn properly,
4 and market it advantageously.
The main portion of the crop which
find its way to the large markets is
grown in few localities in Iowa and
y Nebraska by farmers who make a
specially of producing and handling
pop corn. Usually from 10 to SO
acres are grown on single farms, the
pop corn taking the place Of field corn
In the rotation.
During the past, much Of the crop
1 was grown on contract, but at present
farmers are becoming more indepen-
dent. Many have cribs of their own
In which they store and cure their
crop and take chances on The market
rising higher than the contract price
or the price at harvest time. In Iowa
and Nebraska elevator men have been
accustomed to buying up the bulk of
the crop at harvest time and selling
d 1t to manufacturers, commission mer-
chants and jobbers. .:. ......
A large quantity of pop corn is used
annually in the manufacture of pop
corn package goods-crackerja and
other forms Of pop corn confectionery.
In these the popped corn is coated
with preparation Of sugar, glucose
and molasses, and in some cases choc-
olate. Some packages contain small
quantities Of peanuts, and in others
both peanuts and sliced cocoanut are
mixed with the pop corn. Other
4 preparations are corn bar, sugar.
coated pep corn, pop corn balls, and
pop corn bricks All Of these goods
nave become quite popular and are
sold in large quantities at parks, sum-
mer resorts, picnics, fruit stands.
stores, railroad stations, and on trains.
The export trade in pop corn is lust
II It's infancy. Small shipments of pop
corn We're made from several Of our
ports during the past year and some
popping machines were exported. This
phase of the industry needs to be en-
couraged.-C. p. Hartley.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15
WIRE FENCING.
Western Plains.

The best kind of wire fencing to
erect depends on the purpose for
which the fence il used. On a farm
where mixed types of live stock are
kept seneral-purpose woven-wire
fabric is needed. If only cattle and
horses are to be pastured, a coarser
and less expensive woven fence can be
Used. When fencing is needed to in
close extensive pastures where only
cattle or horses are to be kept the
excessive cost of woven-wfre fence
would not make it's use desirable, for
losses to stock by injury on barbed
wire would not be large enough to
counterbalance the difference in the
cost of maintaining the two different
kinds of fences.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15
Plans for a Small Garden.

In this plan all the vegeta bles named are
planted in rows across from the inside lateral
of peas natures and the crop is over. kale is
planted in it's place. The ground to be used
for tomatoes is first planted with onion sets,
When the time comes to set out the tomatoes,
some of the onions are dug to make space for
the tomato plants. When the tomato crop is
over. the ground is occupied by spinach as the
third crop. Spinach is also planted as soon as
the bulb onions from the side are gathered. The
beans, carrots. and peas are succeeded by late
cabbage, and between the rows of late cabbage
''potatoonon' sets are planted. Late beans
are planted between the rows of parsnps after
the radshes and lettuce have been gathered.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15
Does 1t Pay
to Grow Pop Corn

The question Does 1t pay to grow
pop corn?" is frequently asked, and
the answer is yes" 1t pays to grow
pop corn. but owing to the limited
market for this crop it would not be
advisa BILE to begin it's culture on a
large scale. The supply at present
Just about equals the demand. No
farmer should expect to grow rich n
q few years time by growing pop corn.
II the good years are averaged up with
the poor ones, this crop will be found
to pay about IS well as field corn.
Any farmer in the producing
states can produce pop corn, but the
profit depends largely upon the pro-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15

But clover must not be looked upon
as a cureall for farm troubles. Its
roots do add large quantities of tho
very valuable nitrogen and humus to
the soil, but aside from bringing up a
limited supply of phosphoric acid and
potash from the lower layers Of the
soil it does not add the other impor-
tant fertilizer elements to the soil
upon which 1t grows. Upon many
soils these elements particularly
phosphoric acid) must be added the
same as though no clover was being
grown upon them. So long as the soil
is fairly we'll supplied with humus and
is not too greatly depleted of the or
binary fertilizer elements, ,ther, is
usually no difficulty in obtaining sue
cessful stands Of clover by the: crdin-
airy methods of seeding; but wien
continued cropping reduces the Nhu---
content of the soil to PORT "
that required for successful r
production it becomes necess"
adopt radical means to- re st
ground to it's proper condition
been repeatedly shown that the f.
Of the clover in section is u
prophecy of the early failure of CT :
ton. The substitution of alsike for
ordinary red clover will enab BILE clover
to be continued in the rotation IN
some soils which no longer grow the
ordinary red clover. The lack of
humus in the soil is the most potent
factor in the failure of red clo-cr ],
these sections but other factor sl y
as too acid a soil and the presence
fungous diseases or insect ensms
must also be overcome. Lim:.ls rr |
proper drainage will overcome thcss'
acidity. The insect and fungous 60
eases may be held in check by eli ~; =. !.
or cutting at the proper time end {
furnishing the proper soil cond tsf :
to produce crop SO vigorous TIA
will succeed in spite Of the enem !,
which prove troublesome to less Wig
orous stands-J. NJ Westga - fsst Eass
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15
WINTER EGG RECIPE.

For winter eggs 1 rely on wheat
and corn in the grain-half and half
A warm mash of some kind at noon
and something green all along. Now,
I count dried clover and corn leaves
green stuff You have no idea until
you have seen them go for them how
they delight to work in the corn
stalks after the leaves. Steamed clover
heads are fine as green stuff but I
prefer to make the clover hay their
scratching stuff. l throw it on the
scratching house floor and they soon
eat 1t all up. l usually sow the garden
in rye for them. | have it sowed late
in October. This helps the green
stuff cat.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15
PARCEL POST SUCCESS.

A South Dakota county agent has
developed trade in apples by parcel
post in his community, which has re-
suited in material advantage to the
producer. He found that bushel
crates of apples could be delivered
throughout the second zone at cost
of "a cents, including postage, pack
ing, and other necessary expenses.
The apples were sold to the consumer
at $1.64 a box, 81 being paid for the
fruit at the point of shipment Apples
had been selling at IS cents box
before the plan was put in operation.
The project will be continued another
year and plans for a fruit-growers'
cooperative association are being
made, so that there will be system
of grading and packing, and reason
able prices may be maintained.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15

tity planted, can be adapted to small
yards or plots of other shapes.
This garden in question is bounded
on two sides by. a board fence feet
high. along which IA grapevines were
planted and trained. Another grape
vine was so planted as to grow on the
shed at the rear. On either side of
the flagstone walk strawberry plants
were set. Between the walk and the
fence currant bushes were planted.
Between the currant bushes and the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15
BY w. Il. HALL.

Of planting that those entirely unfit
for the situation have often been used,
and have been planted in places
where they could not receive protec-
ton while young, or serve any useful
purpose when grown, Arbor Day has
often come on dry windy days, or
clear out of season for planting. Fur
thermore, the planting has been on
too small scale to be of great
benefit. Where an acre of trees in a
solid block Is needed, only half a
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15
The Production
Of Red Clover

The production of clover IL the
foundation of agriculture In the East
ern and North Central States, as upon
its successful growth depends to large
extent the maintenance Of the nit
rogen content of the soils in the prin-
cipal op-prodUcing sections Red
clover also grows we'll in the Southern
States on rich limestone, soils which
are in good condition. but needs to be
managed somewhat differentlyfrom the
methods followed in Observation-Disclosures
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15
CROP YIELDS.

In the report from the University
Of California on boys clubs, the fol-
lowing are some of the results given
Potatoes, 1877 Il bushels on one
third of an acre.
Pigs, two made a gain of SIS
pounds in 100 days.
Potatoes, 166 23 bushels on bali
acre.
Pop corn, 1,Os5 pounds on a half
acre.
Potatoes, 1920 pounds on a quarter
Of an acre.
Pink beans, AZ pounds (dry weight)
on quarter Of an acre.
Pigs, 257 pounds gain in 1875 days
Potatoes, GO bushels on an eighth
of an acre. .
Field corn, 50.4 bushels (shelled)
on one acre.
Cheapness is not consideration In
h,,1 yir,cr ctn f,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15
Hard Spring Wheat

Every spring wheat grower wants
to know whether to grow common or
durum wheat on his farm. A study
Of the diagram shown will help to
answer the question.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15
Colds Cause Roup

Next to cholera, roup is the m 1t
dreaded of ailments to which poui,-y
is exposed This disease is cpnta gio,s
and spreads through the flock rapidly
1t Is a catarrhal infection Of the mtl-
cous membrane Of the eyes, nose, and
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15

him to look up subjects in advance in
bulletins, and also will show him what
vegetables are most worth while and
what hardly pay for the time and
trouble spent on them.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15

throat and 1t may be acute or chronic
in form. There Is always an offensive
odor connected with this disease.
which is peculiar to it and whi-H
makes 1t easily detected. Z
Many mistake a bad cold as roup.
A cold may, If neglected. develop into
roup, but bird may have severe
cold and still be free from roup. The
common symptoms are: First a
dryness and Inflammation Of the throat
and mouth, bubbles in the corners OF
the eyes, and sneezing, followed by
sticky discharge from the nostrils If
the disease Is permitted to go on
without prompt treatment, the dis
charge from the nostrils will thicken
and the eyes will soon become pulled
and swollen, sometimes closing COM
pletely. The afflicted fowl will also
lose it's appetite, the feathers will be
roughed, and it will lose weight rap-I
idly. A chronic form Of this diseased
may result or the ird dies.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15

In planting new orchard don't
forget that the larger percentage Of
fruit which can be picked from the
ground, the greater will be your profit
when the trees are in bearing.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15

When box of sardines is opened, it
should be drained Of its oil at once and
the fish turned out.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15

Head your trees low. They are
much easier sprayed.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15
USE JUDGMENT AT THE START

Don't start in with 500 or 1000
hens and expect to make success al
first Select the breed you like best
and start with few, increasing the
flock as you learn how to care fe.'
them. Study your feeding and ban
ance the ration so the hens can havS
the material necessary for producing
eggs. If you expect to get eggs. YOU'D
must feed for eggs, just as the dairy
man must feed for milk.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15

Poultry cholera is caused by filth
conditions and implAper feeds.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-15

Cheapness is not consideration in
buying nursery stock.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1916-08-03

NEW YORK. Aug. 3.--When John
O'Connor. OF No, 22s Ditson.pl. Al.
bany. starts TO do anything he usu-
ally sccomplishes II or knows why,
"a he says himself For a full "a
hours--a very. very full % hours
he sought to induce his wife. who
has not been living with him. 10
leave this city and go back to Al
bany Che didn't go and John, tent
ing at the West l25th.st. police sta
ton, certainly knows why.
For one man 10 annoy city OF
FIVE million persons. Is almost i'm.
possible. but the police OF the city
will testify willingly that John did
every little thing possible 10 upset
the town. He was arrested twice in
the % hours. was in love. In a fight.
and In the Hudson He allows that
ne hates New York and 10 say That
New York is wild about John would
be putting II on a hit thick
II was very late at night when
John. bearing suitcase, blew into
the apartment occupied by his wife
In West l25th-st He had come 10
make UT their troubles, he announc-
ed. and wanted her 20 come a. once
10 Coney Island with him-far from
the madding throng Mrs. O'Con-
ner went after much pleading, and
when they returned early The next
morning the sound OF their conicn-
tions on various matters attracted
three policemen from the West
t25th-st stations Both were arrest
ed and released with a warning yes
terday morning by Magistrate Groehl
in the Washington Heights court.
They explained that there had been
n reconc iliation and that they were
on their way TO Albany.
Later John, after perfectly WHO
day of argument with conductors
postmen. street cleaners and hack
drivers. arrived at the l32d-st. pier
TO get the boat for Albany. Mrs.
O'Counor had changed her mind
about going back John fell over
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1916-08-03
In Love, in Fight in RiUer
COfhamite Has Rather Busy
Time With Police ana Others

board, and when fished out by the
slack OF his mutt jumped in again
10 get his suitcase. Upon being fish
ed out again with his baggage he
insisted upon carrying IL himself.
and allowed that II the police lost it
the city would pay for all that 1t
contained.
When Mr. O'Connor was snoring
Justify at the station house the suit
case was opened 10 put the contents
in the desk safe. II contained IA
collar, one banana and a slate pen
ell
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1916-08-03
---H-
SON is FOUND
AFTER q YEARS

PRATT Kans.. Aug. 3.-Chsrles
VI. Short. who has been mourned
as dead by his mother, Mrs NJ. A.
Annett OF 81. Joseph, Mo. has been
found in this city and is alive and
we'll
Short tells peculiar story OF a
roaming life, which ne has at last
decided 20 stop and go home 10
his mother About Fl years ago
Short left hi shome at Excelsior
Springs. Mo, and started out for
himself
He went 10 San Francisco. where
he went on the seas az a sailor. He
never wrote his mother. but a word
TO a cousin in Nebraska gave the in.
formation that he was sailor on a
certain boat. This vessel was re.
ported sunk and there was no report
OF Shorts name in the list OF sur.
vivors.
His mother then mourned him for
dead until recently flash came over
the wire from the cousin in Nebras'
ka that Short had been found.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1916-08-03
FAT MEN SHOULD
NOT WEAR LIGHT
SUITS, SHE SAYS

CINCINNATI. O.. Aug. 8.-From
bookkeeper in a clothes shop to the
sole ownership Of a tailoring estab-
lishment for men, Is the step taken
by Miss Adele Helms, who bears the
distinction Of being the frst WON
an tailor for men on record In
America Miss Helms Is vice presi-
dent and manager OF her concern.
"A well dressed man." says Miss
Helms. us man who is 80 dressed
that after you have left him you
couldn't for the life OF you recall
what kind OF a suit he was wearing
Fat men should never wear broad
stripes. The stripes accentuate their
fatness. For the same reason they
should not wear light clothes
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1916-08-03
MAKE WAR ON
AUTO SPOONERS

ST. LOUIS, Mo, Aug. 3.-sheriff
George A. Bode, OF St Louis county.
has announced that hereafter there
IA 10 be no love-making on county
roads at night. The most recent
ban on love-making is a result OF
numerous complaints which have
reached Bodies ears from motorists
who said they had narrow escapes
from colliding with lovers automo-
b,les which are stopped in secluded
snots along the public highways,
with all lights out.
Prosecuting Attorney Ralph mas
placed ban on the "one-arm drlV'
or. and persons who are inclined 10
make love while driving are sublect
10 arrest on charges OF careless
driving.