davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1916-08-15
DAY IN CONGRESS.
Senate:

Senate:
Met at II am.
Adopted resolution calling for
battleships target practice rec
ords of 1915.
Senator Hardwick, in Senate
Speech. accused Charles e.
Hughes of waving the bloody
shirt"
Resurzed debate on government
shipping bill.
Finance committee met to con-
slider revenue bill as approved
by democratic caucus.
House;
Met at II am.
Took up conference report on
naval appropriation bill.
Conference reports on Philip
pine and child labor bills pre-
sented and ordered printed.
Ways and means committee
postponed action on Rainey mix
ed flour bill.
Report filed on Webb bill to en-
courage export trade.
West Virginia flood relief ap-
preparation resolution introduced.
Evening star., 1916-08-15
Victories for Turks Claimed.

BERLIN, August Is. by wireless to
Sayville.-Turkish troops have chased
the followers of former Emir Vaussein
from their intrenchments in Ashar
pass, eighty kilometers south. of Me-
dina, says a dispa -ch given out by the
Overseas News Agency. Sheik Hamid
EImansur has submitted to the Turks
Evening star., 1916-08-15
Prisoners Captured by French.

PARIS. August I5.-Nore than 1000
unwounded. prisoners and seventy ma
chine guns were captured by the French
in their operations north of the Somme
from August to August 10. according
10 a weekly review issued by the war Of
fee. The number of prisoners was in
creased by 600. who were taken in the
Verdun sector.
Evening star., 1916-08-15
GUARDSMEN NOT
TO GO TO BORDER
Strike Situation Regarded as
Responsible for Suspension
of Orders.
MEASURE OF CAUTION
IN EVENT OF TROUBLE
War Department Cites Gen. Funs-
ton, Indicating Transportation
and Food Difficulties.

Orders for the remaining mob
ilized units of the National
Guard, including those of the Dis
trict of Columbia now in camp at
Fort Myer, to proceed to the bor-
der have been suspended by the
War Department.
No official explanation has been
made, but it is known that the
delicacy of the railroad strike sit
uation has been the moving con-
sideration.
The suspension of the orders to the
troops, which would have moved some
$4,000 men to the border. should not be
taken as an indication that the Pres
ident's negotiations with the railroad
brotherhood and the railroad managers
have taken an unfavorable turn. 1t
is measure of caution.
Guardsmen May Be Needed.
1t was considered highly undesirable
that all remaining guardsmen should
be moved to the border while there was
possibility of railroad strike in which
they might be called upon to preserve
order throughout some Of the states.
There is even the possibility that some
of the troops, in event of a strike,
might be called upon to guard or oper-
ate mail trains and trains supplying g
the troops already on the border.
The suspension of orders prevents I'M
mediate movement of the troops from
Kentucky, Ohio and Vermont and move
ment of all other mobilized units which
were to have gone forward as soon as
they were equipped. Some of the Ken
lucky, Ohio and Vermont troops were
about ready to go to the border.
1t is clear that the suspension is not
revocation of orders. If the railroad
strike situation clears up the troops
will be moved to the border line.
War Department Explanation.
[ The official explanation of the change
at the War Department is that din.
| ment, suddenly developed. have mad,
a delay necessary. 1t is known
however, that the railway situation ii
| the real cause
Assistar. Secretary Ingraham, acting
Secretary of War, issued the following
statement on the subject. adding that il
was self-explanatory:
I'm compliance with recommendation
of Cen Funston, contained in the fol-
lowing telegram. all troop movements
toward the border have been suspended
until further orders:
I'm view of possibility of a general
railroad strike, L desire to call atten-
tion of War Department to difficulties
| that will follow in maintaining food
supply not only of troops in this de-
partment but of the civilian population
as well. These border states produce
but little foodstuffs except cattle.
In view of foregoing 1 recommend
that National Guard organizations
which are about to start for border sta
tions be retained in their mobilization
camps until such time as the question
of a general strike shall have been de-
termined.'
The order for the suspension Of the
movement of these troops to the Mexi-
can border is stated by one high official
ito be entirely indefinite, depending al
together on developments in the rail-
road situation now in a serious stage"
Evening star., 1916-08-15
German U-Boat Reported Sunk.

COPENHAGEN. August IA. via London,
August 1.-THE Dagens Nyheder to-
day publishes a rumor that German
submarine was sunk by a Swedish
cruiser between Stockholm and the
Skargaard last Thursday.
Evening star., 1916-08-15
PRESIDENT HEARS
VIEWS OF LEADERS
Entertains Members Of His
Campaign Committee at
White House Luncheon.

After conference today between
President Wilson and the members of
the democratic campaign committee,
Vance c. Mccormick, chairman of the
national committee, announced thnt the
President would make no spea:zing tour,
but probably would accept several in
vitations to speak in different places.
Between stages of trying to settle the
seriously threatened railroad strike, Pres
ident Wilson today listened to the DO
litical views of the men charged with
managing his campaign for reelection
and entertained his visitors at luncheon
They left the White House this afternoon
for a visit to Secretary McAdoo, at the
Treasury.
The politicians with the President to-
day were the officers of the democratic
national committee, and the newly ap-
pointed campaign committee Among the
officers of the committee at the White
House were Vance Mccormick, chairman:
Homer S. Cummings, vice chairman: Rep-
resentative Carter Glass, secretary: Dam
lei Roper of the organization bureau Sem
ator Walsh, in charge of Chicago head
quarters; Representative Doremus. chair
man of the democratic congressional COM
mittee. and Robert Woolley of the pub
licity bureau.
Phases of Campaign Discussed.
They went to the White House in
body at IL o'clock. and until the luncheon
hour. l O'Clock. talked with the President
about all phases of the campaign. like
wise obtaining from the President his
views as to the best methods to pursue.
Almost in Gaanimity the democratic
managers. tncfucing some of the most
astute men in the party, took an op-
tImistic view of the future in talks
with their chief. They told him that
the masses of the people sympathize
with him, and declared that the cam
paign trip of Charles E. Hughes, the re-
publican nominee. has done the demo-
Gratis no especial harm. On the con-
trary, democratic reports from the
west are to the effect that Mr.. Hughes
has proved disappointment to his
own party and to the people generally,
and that comparatively. small crowds
have furned out to hear him.
I In No Hurry for Notification.
So sure are the democratic man.
ayers that they are not being hurt by
the trip of Mr.. Hughes that no ar
rapgement was made today to hasten
the official notification of the Presi-
dent and his speech of acceptance. 1t
is felt that the democrats are in good
shape, and that early in September
will be sufficient time to turn their
big guns loose.
The President will next talk with
the members of the progressive cam
paign committee named to assist the
democratic committee. He also will
entertain them at luncheon.
Evening star., 1916-08-15
AUSTRIAN FLEET ESCAPES
FROM THE MENACED PORT
Reported to Have Sailed From
Trieste for an Unknown
Destination.
NEW GAINS ON THE ISONzO
Rome Reports Farther Progress for
italian Forces, With Capture
of Strong Austrian
Positions.


Italian troops have entered the
suburbs of Tolmino, which is un-
der continuous shell fire, accord
ing to a dispatch to La Liberte
from Turin today. The Austrians,
says the dispatch, are evacuating
the city.
GENEVA, August IS, via
Paris, 4:45 p.m.-The Italian ad-
vance guard moving southeast
from Gorilla is within thirteen
miles of Triest, whence the
greater part of the Austrian fleet
has sailed for an unknown desti-
nation, according to telegram
from Bucha, Switzerland, today.
The southern and western
suburbs of Tolmino are burning
and the fall of the city is expected
at any moment.
Successes on Isonzo.
ROME, August IS, via Lon
don, 3 p.m.-On the Carso plateau
and to the east of Gorilla, along
the Isonzo front, the Austrians
have suffered further reverses at
the hands of the Italians, today's
official statement says. Austrian
entertainments in both these
regions were captured.
Counter Attacks Repulsed.
s. The statement follows:
"On the Carso during the night Of
August "A the gallant troops Of the 11th
Army Corps repulsed several counter at
tacks. and attacked the enemy's lines
sto the west of Sainte Grade and Monte
Pecinka. Several sections of the enemys
trenches were captured and 1,41s prison.
ers, including thirty-one officers. were
taken.
"In the hilly tract east Of Gorilla, after
heavy fighting. we carried other hostile
intrenchments. taking 22o prisoners, OF
whom f1ve were officers.
"On the remainder Of the front the
enemy made the usual demonstrations
against our positions; at Monte Piana, in
the Trfenz valley, on the Forame river,
ar Felizzon. Boite. Monte Colombara on
the Asiago plateau. at Monte Cimone and
Monte Seluggta, near Astico in the Pozina
successful everywhere.
Enemy aircraft dropped bombs on
Monfslcone. Roncl, Saint Canziano and
Pieris- No casualties or damage re-
suited"
Italians Repulsed, Says Vienna.
VIENNA. via Berlin, August 15.-To-
days ofncial statement dealing with
the Italian front says:
In the district between the sea and
the vipacco valley several Italian at
tempts to approach our strong posi-
tions were frustrated by our fire. On
the heights east of Gorizia our troops
again repulsed a strong attack and
took prisoner ten officers and 40 men
Monte San Gabrielle and Monte San,o
were violently shelled by hostile artillery
"On the Tyrolean front a minor en-
terprise resulted in bringing in eighty.
nine prisoners, among whom were five
nd t,,1
Evening star., 1916-08-15
Champagne Appetite and Bee
Income.

The sS5 As per capita of capital expendi-
ture. which demonstrates. according to
Mr.. Johnson, Washington's Champagne
appetite," represents the amount which
Congress, with full and exclusive power
in it's hands, has decided to be the
amount which should be expended to
develop worthily the nations city. The
s1s.7s per capita. suggesting, according
IN Mr.. johnson. Washington's beer in
come" represents the full amount of
tax revenue which Congress, represent
ing the nation, has felt that it could
snI,itably exact from the local resi-
dents. The $16.66 deficit represents the
difference between the amount which
Congress by imposing (the joint COM
mittee says) a full and equitable tax
burden upon the local community iias
been able to secure from 1t and the
amount which Congress, representing
the nation, determines to be necessarily
expended N the upbuilding of the ma
tion's city. Mr.. Johnson deprecates ma
tionaI participation in meeting this So
called deficit. He slurs the congress-
man who believes in national participa-
tion in capital upbuilding as voting to
Evening star., 1916-08-15
WEATHER.

Showers late tonight and tomorrow;
warmer tonight; moderate and variable
winds.
Temnerature for twenty-four hours
ending 3 pm: Highest, so, at pm to-
day; lowest, 81, at am. today.
Full report of page Is.
Evening star., 1916-08-15

Those In close touch with the situa-
tion pointed out today that II the en-
Evening star., 1916-08-15

nos,Nc NEW YORK STOCKS PAGE IL.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-02-10

tions by railway and splendid roads
Switzerland, also, was so placed be-
tween France, Germany, Italy and
Austria-Hungary that she was able to
take a certain toll in transit upon the
trade which these lands did with one
another. Lastly a splendid source OF
revenue to the Swiss has been their
incompatible mountain scenery. Ac'
cording to one estimate, natural beau
ties have been regularly bringing into
Switzerland more than hundred mil
lion dollars of tourists money. Two
of these sources Of income, that de-
rived from transit freight and that
created annually by thousands Of free
spending visitors, have been complete
ly destroyed by the war; and 1t Ia
doubtful that the amounts thus lost
to the mountain republics yearly rev.
enue can be made good by even siren.
uous attention to the special needs OF
the war markets.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-02-10
Standardize and I'M
prove Women $ Dress
BY MISS ETHEL RONZOlE., Missouri College
Of Agriculture. Departmea, Of Home Economics.

of important considerations Of usefulness hygiene and mod
esty, according Miss Ethel Ronone Of the Missouri College of Agr
culture department of home Miss Ronzon dores the fact
that fashion DEGREES that shall expensive garments ill adapted
their work and ync needs only to find replace Them
by others better before they out Although entirely free
from the disadvantages changing Styles who buy with reasonable
judgment much less likely find their clothing out Of style that
they hardly dare simply because the fashion has changed They
usually able their garments until makes
sary.
Standardization Of dress the adaptation Of clothing to all the
needs of all all yet the design and texture
range choice the individual TASTE The dress must
be practical and hygienic and economical.
Standardized dress presents two problems N the determination
of design best adapted making the that will meet
the needs of and 2) the introduction of such
into general and Miss Ronzone plan includes
the ultimate standardization of the entire wardrobe including underwear
Shoes gloves and coats but only the dress has yet been designed
hygnc and comfortable permitting full freedom Of motion at work
play, and without trimming excessive material
allows ample width two and half to three yards
depending the Of the It simple to make because
staying and order that be made perfectly
hygenic comfortable when without corset it suspended
from the shoulders by of underwa made OF thin mate
The waist blouse falling the hips and held slightly
belt The funess either be fixed into belt
the lower being in the form of pepum may be held loosely
as in a Norfolk blouse
garments certain members of the faculty
of University of Missouri and other residents of Columbia long
enough to test their usefulness and pracicablity
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-02-10
Apparel an Index to
One S Character
By MISS ELEANOR CRAIG. Colorado AM.
cultural College. Fort Collins. Colo.

shaver with soed and fayd collar and & bagg trousers and
unsned bo falls into the same lot with the woman
whose belt fails to perform its duty whose bunhoes are buton
whose roog hair suggests the need Of thorough combng
But these easily recognize the neat nonmagna-
tive kind regular habits going through life in wemad unostenta-
tous gb because Of its
Every often patches but the clothes
pressing show the lack Of mending -
The imaginative suggests his bent by bit OF COLOR line OF
originality the style the coat in his selection Of tie his boot
and, nowadays, of his hosiery
There the fopph appearing the morning in costume
another the afternoon another in the evening" with further changes
following day. great insight know that his ward
thought his little BRAIN and that
him Of existence other than his exertons
Of must limit the personality expressed IN Clothes
but the dominant reflected if not the WHOLE
ways. Priscilla cannot dress Dolly Madison, nor Miles
Standish Chesterfield
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-02-10
Introducing Foreign Plants.

The introduction of foreign seeds
and plants by the United States de-
partment of agriculture has assumed
immense proportions. The total mum
Der of varieties introduced since 1907,
when the section of seed and plant
introduction was established, amount
ed last July to more than 10000. Dur
ing the last year more than 1000 va.
rieties were introduced, while III 1871
experimental plants and 11,465 pack
cts of seed were placed with expert,
mentors, and record was kept Of
each. During the same year more
than 500 shipments Of experimental
seeds and plants were made to for.
eign agricultural institutions, in e1.
change for material sent to this coun'
try by them.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-02-10

France. Here cotton, laces, embroid-
cries, machines, silks, straw-plaiting,
ribbons, locomotives, watches, clocks
and heather wares are manufactured
for export; while in the hills and nat
lands of the central plain are situated
the Swiss farms, many Of the lmpor-
tant iairies, straw-plaiting, wood-carV-
ing and chemical industries. The
straw-plaiting is made by the peas
antry. It is home industry, as IS
that of the Swiss wood carving. De-
spite it's isolation in the midst Of great
Industrial competitors and it's lack or
almost all of the important raw mate
rails. it is to its mills and factories
that Switzerland mainly owes Its
wealth.
The mountain republic derives less
support from it's agriculture than does
any country in Europe except Nor
way, for only about one-sixth OF 1t can
be titled. Many of it's farms nave
been coaxed into being on the abrupt
mountain sides, and to till them is al
most as dangerous task as that OF
the structural iron worker on a SKY
scraper. Fully half Of the country lies
above the zone of agriculture, ana
much of the soil that could be made
productive is used as pasture land.
Switzerland grows hemp, flax, cara
way, fruits (citron, lemon, mulberry
orange, olive and pomegranate), corn
maize, oats, poppies, potatoes, barley,
rye, spelt, saffron, tobacco and
wheat. In normal times it had to i'm
port from Russia, Hungary and the
United States three times as much
wheat as it produced. 1t produces con-
siderable value in timber.
Not Much In the Way of Minerals.
Moreover, there is no important
mineral production in Switzerland, tor
the mountains belong to geological for
nations unproductive of valuable min
erals. Some coal is found in the can
tons of VaIais, Vaud, Fribourg, Berne
and Thurgau and some iron in the
Jura. Rock salt and building stone
form the most important mineral prod
ucts. The Swiss have to depend upon
wood and foreign coal for fuel and
upon foreign ores ip their metal work
ing industries. Germany and France
contributed coal, metals, wool, tax,
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-02-10
Textbooks Sold Each Year.

The commerce reports state greatly
exaggerated ideas prevail concerning
the total number Of textbooks sold in
the United States each year and ths
annual profits resulting from sucf
sales. Data obtained by the United
States bureau of education from 4;
textbook publishers in the United
States show that their aggregate total
sales of textbooks for use in PUBLIC
and private schools in 1913 amounted
to S17,274,OS0. The aggregate fol
public school, elementary and high
amounted to S14,261,76S. The total en-
rollment in public elementary ans
high schools for the year was approx
pnately 1S,6O9,040. Excluding the ele
mentary school enrolment Of Califor
MIA, since California prints its own ele
mentary books, the number becomes
1S,213,7S6. For each child enrolled IL
the public schools in the United States
therefore, the total annual sale of text
books is 1873 cents.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-02-10
FEDERAL PALACE At BERN

and cereals to Swiss markets. Liver
pool sent the cotton to the great goodh
and embroidery factories at st. Gall,
while Italy furnished the silk, straw
for plating, grains, fruits, wool, skins
and certain proportion of the cot
ton.
So it was upon the output of manu-
featured articles for export that the
Swiss depended for their support
More than one-third of the people
were engaged in manufacturing IN
dustry: and, in Zurich, Bern and St.
Gall, business everywhere made the
traveller from America forget Swiss
scenery and think Of home. In st
Gall the cotton industry centers
Cloths, manufactured here, are made
of American cotton and are noted foI
their fineness of texture and excel
lence of finish. Here, too, are made
the well-known Swiss machine EN-
broideries and etched laces. Watch
and clock making are carried or
around Geneva and along the French
border. This industry has suffered
heavily under increasing American
competition; for tho American fac
tories turn out watches every bit az
good, and as reasonable in price. Thu
silk industry of Switzerland is found
in Zurich. Basel, upon the Rhine, II
the first customs station.
The advantages that have aided the
Swiss in their energetic strivings fol
material well-being are, for the most
part, such advantages as can be OF lit
tie use while their neighbors on every
hand are at war. One OF the great
aids to Swiss industrial progress has
been the superabundance of water
power, the nearness Of the French Goa!
fields of St. Etienne, moderate wages
paid for labor, nearby markets for
the purchase of raw materials and fol-
the sale of manufactured goods, anc
| an excellent system of communica
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-02-10
w YAR-BOUND Switzerland has
u ! been confronted with prob
" " ably the most discouraging
,oonono;c difficulties

u OWlLICA AuAu AAsSS
~ been confronted with prob
" " ably the most discouraging
economic difficulties
brought about by the world war for
any neutral country, for it depends
upon other nations for most of it's raw
materials, for much of it's supply OF
wares for home consumption, and Tor
the handling of all it's oversee bust
ness, says a bulletin Of the National
Geographic society.
Although not quite one-third as
large as New York state, without any
important coal and iron deposits, and
unable to produce enough food to COW
er the demands Of it's people, swift
erland, nevertheless, has, due to sew
eral great advantages which balance
the unfavorable conditions, progressed
In wealth and comforts on even terms
with it's powerful neighbors. 1t has
become an industrial country of first
rank and, at the outbreak Of the war,
it possessed an important and growing
commerce with many countries.
Like Holland, the remarkable prog
ress of Switzerland must be credited
to the character of the people and to
the encouragement of their free insti-
tutions. Nearly half of the country Is
largely unproductive. All Of that part
of Switzerland which lies toward Italy
I'm the south is a. bare, snow-and-ice
crowned mountain land, including un-
exploited forests and a, few high pas
lures. In the north, around Lake Con-
stance, are found rich Vineyards
while above the vineyards on the
middle slopes of the Juras, are pas
ture lands where the cows are kept,
from whose milk the famous Swiss
cheeses are made.
Industrial Belt Is Wide.
Industrial Switzerland forms wide
belt, which stretches from the Austro-
Hungarian border around to central
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-02-10
Each Has
Its Own Dialect
Bv ELMER SCHlMPFKY, Chicago

that the title English all and dictionaries must have
been put there by ignorant men!
language spoken by particular locality people,
contains Irregularities and marked that it not
readily by speaking that language its recognized
proper FORM then it is a dialect
language dialects the tree trunk has its branches but
when educated Enghmen there not
dialectcal difference; they have one language
little things there is of difference between English
in England and English United States but when this is not suf-
Gent to make dialect much less form language
Who ever anslatng English books into the American Ian
guage?