davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The forum. [volume] (Springfield, Ill.) 1904-192?, 1916-10-28
COLLEGE MEN DISCUSS THE
SOUTHERN RACE QUESTION
University Commission Asks For Lar
ger Share Of School Funds.

In It's first open letter to college men
university commission urged them to
unite their efforts with those of the
press, the pulpit, the bar, the officers
OF the law and all other agencies la
boring for the elimination of the mon
ster evil of mob violence. These agen-
cies have labored diligently and with
substantial results, as II indicated by
the decrease of the average annual
number of lynchings from III for the
decade 1Ss6-95 to seventy for the de-
cade 1906-15 Nevertheless the COM
mission wishes to reiterate its appeal
with renewed emphasis, knowing that
the eradication Of so yirulent Il social
disease as the lynehing mania can be
effected only by the prolonged and
vigorous efforts OF sane and patriotic
citizens.
In this letter the commission wishes
to direct the attention of college men
to the educational aspect of the race
question, inasmuch as the solution of
all human problems ultimately rests
upon rightly directed education. In
its last analysis education simply
means bringing forth all the native
capacities of the individual for the
benefit both of himself and of society.
1t Is automatic that a developed plant,
animal or man Is far more valuable
to society than the undeveloped. II Is
likewise obvious that ignorance is the
most fruitful source of human Ills.
Furthermore, It is as true In social
as In physical sense that II chain is
no stronger than its weakest link.
The good results thus far obtained, as
shown by the Negroes progress within
recent years. prompt the commission
to urge the extension of his educa-
tional opportunities.
The inadequate provision for the ed
ucation of the Negro is more than an
injustice to him; 1t is an injury to the
white man. The south cannot realize
its destiny If one-third of its popula-
ton is undeveloped and inefficient.
For our common welfare we must
strive to cure disease wherever we find
It, strengthen whatever is weak and
develop all that is undeveloped. The
initial steps for increasing the efiicien-
cy and usefulness of the Negro race
must necessarily be taken In the school
room. There can be no denying that
more and better schools with better
trained and better paid teachers. more
adequate supervision and longer terms
are needed for the blacks as well as
the whites. The Negro schools ate OF
course, parts of the school systems Of
their respective states and rs such
share in the progress and prosperity
OF their state systems
Our appeal is for larger share for
The forum. [volume] (Springfield, Ill.) 1904-192?, 1916-10-28

Chicago.-During the recent session
of the Chicago conference of the Afri-
can Methodist Episcopal church held
In this city Miss Pauline james Lee
won the admiration of the large audi
ences at the conference MS a musician.
She was pronounced as one OF the
best contralto soloists of the race She
is one of the youngest singers to ap-
pear before a great assemblage here.
but her work takes the first rank
Her early preparation for literary
work was begun in the public schools,
where her wonderful musical voice
was noted by her teachers.
After finishing the public school
course Miss Lee entered the American
Conservatory of Music. Kimball ball.
In this city, where she graduated from
piano. pipe organ and public school
music as a contralto soloist, being a
pupil of Nine. Azalia Hackley, who is
well known the country over This
modest young woman has won her
way to the front step by step.
Miss Lee was assisted in furnishing
music for the recent conference by the
Institutional church choir-Mrs. #. A.
Smythe, soprano; w. c. Buckner bass.
and twenty-eight other musicians. Her
debut as public singer was made re-
Gently in Washington. where she APP
peared before an audience of 2,o00.
The Washington Bee in speaking of
her says, Her contralto voice is rich,
full and resonant and Is under excel
lent control, so that in the most difficult
arias she seems not to extend herself
to the limit of her wonderful vocal
powers
Miss Lee represents the possibilities
of the young women who will take the
time to prepare for their work She
holds four diplomas from the Ameri-
can Conservatory of Music, and she is
modest. refined and cultured She is
educated to and not away from her
people. She is a Christian young wo-
man, who is spending her talent for
religious uplift.
From Washington she appeared in a
concert in New York at the Music
School settlement. Some of the best
musicians of the race as well as other
races heard her and were loud in their
praises of her wonderful voice and the
ability to control it,
Miss Lee will devote her time to mu-
sic and in helping her people, especial
ly the young women. Her aim is to in
spire the young girls to seek higher
things in life She believes that it is
possible for our race TO produce more
women like Jennie Lynn, Flora Bat
son, the Flyers sisters and many others
of like note living and dead. She is at
present active in the Institutional
church here. Bishop Coppin is loud in
his praise of her good work.
The forum. [volume] (Springfield, Ill.) 1904-192?, 1916-10-28
CHISUM is INDICATED.
Governor of Oklahoma Pardons Editor
Convicted Of Criminal Libel.

Governor of Oklahoma Pardons Editor
Convicted Of Criminal Libel.
Oklahoma city, okla-Members of
the National Negro Press association
and friends of Melvin j. Chisum have
been showering him recently with con
gratuations since It became known
that the governor OF Oklahoma has
issued a pardon TO Chisum. The par
don was recommended after a thorough
investigation of the cases against him.
In his findings Hon. j NJ. Crook Of
the pardon board says.
Melvin J. Chisum was wrongfully
convicted ia the county court of Logan
county and wrongfully charged with
criminal libel. although he published
articles in the newspaper he was con
Quoting and editing in reference to
Langston university.
tThere were serious scandals In re-
gard to the conduct of the students at
said university. Chisum published the
facts in reference to such conduct The
publication was strong but no stronger
than the facts Justified This depart
ment regrets to admit that upon inves-
tigatiou it found in each inSanee the
facts 10 be exactly in accord with
Chisum's charges.
1T is "a fact that President Page was
neremptorily relieved of his position In
the university ten days after the first
statements Of Chsum in his paper and
It may be that the exposure of the sit
uation over there by Chsum led TO
such result But It must ne considered
that In the exposure of such conditions
deleteuous to public health or moral
safety the press Is always and invaria-
bly, a most potent weapon"
The forum. [volume] (Springfield, Ill.) 1904-192?, 1916-10-28
WELL MANAGED SCHOOL.

The Charlotte IN. c. Sunday Observer
Commends Training School Work.
Professor James f. Sheppard. presi-
dent of the National Training school
of Durham, has called a conference Of
Negro educators on Nov. 81 and "a to
be participated in by heads Of univer-
stiles, colleges and secondary schools
for the training of eolored youths in
the United States. These will be the
guests Of the institution at Durham.
A number of set subjects will be dis
cussed to the end that the actual con
ditions and needs of schools devoted
to the education of colored youths
may be accomplished The manage
ment of the Durham institution is one
of the most progressive in the south.
and lasting good ought to come out Of
the proposed conference.
The forum. [volume] (Springfield, Ill.) 1904-192?, 1916-10-28

Mount Morish Palladium Hear Sermon.
Members of the Mount Moriah Pala-
tium, No. 70. Royal House of Media,
turned out in a body on Sunday. Oct
is, at the John Wesley A. NJ. Il. Zion
church, Pittsburgh, the occasion being
the annual religious public service Of
the order. Royal Prelate George l.
Fisher presided.
The forum. [volume] (Springfield, Ill.) 1904-192?, 1916-10-28

Kittrell College sustains Fire Loss.
Klttrell college, at Kittrell, \. O..
sustained a great loss in the desuuc-
ton by ire OF the Dickerson building
on the campus of the institution Thurs
day. Oct l. President O'Kelly has
arranged matters SO that the class
room work will not be interrupted TO
The forum. [volume] (Springfield, Ill.) 1904-192?, 1916-10-28
MISS PAULINE JAMES LEE.

Graduate of the American Con-
serVatory of Music, Chicago.
Gifted contralto Soloist and
Rising Young Musician Of Great
Promise.
The forum. [volume] (Springfield, Ill.) 1904-192?, 1916-10-28
has done the Negro

Oh please don't let me fall,
Bakers Lunch Room, the best of all
Roses red; Violets blue,
Go to Bakers for the best stew.
304 N. Adams st. Peoria.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1916-09-01
FUR pAmpga ON CROOKS
Rsvsisrs Agency, With Wide Range
Of Operatives. rss Made Gate
CITY lee Headquarters and Hss
ceepssatsd With Local
Officers.

shines ibe incorporation u lhe iiev-
,lare International seeres service. ar
fieiea hatine been flied Tuesaeg after
MOON. sttgs sse hsnaied by iae ageu-
sszs g,feasi ~ roetleiio OFF,
81 ahirn baa been INSIDE headquar-
w so l8e system lt d now ar
hha eaor aoa ava ha pald.e9
u iaes - iiaeoo ffara eiec+
d uef Mv president aha
siiar @ aha treasurer
fer mnF ae H Lake was ihe
lsalaeefff w fhe mpaHf boz CO.,
a eaan auielio AS q
leesd aa $40 poHl mac
t caanes advisable Hore ne eon
A t ltfaA.f asfo So
Nsg s A Aaa been sood
f1 al ae p worane
hni la hsa Naa aef eeHs of'
fHi la Hs aua lafeH
ha u m lna offlea htse beas
closest ahopA tae aaes Aaa repf
naaee u sa ha tewua aaa
tm la ashN Wm'n nh. cree
shinsfaa Montana ana
taaa IHa m.iaar So which ihe cYf
Germ worse ~ apH W enai'ns 10
those pst familiar Hiin ihf opera
fan af sagh combinations. end mta7
original lesmffa are n Hse ey ihq
iiseelafe fompanH
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1916-09-01


Al and for the county Of Lincoln by me
above named plaintiffH. The s"in nc :
ton is brought 20 obtain decree OF
this court Tor the foreclosure - 'arry
ACT Lien created by water eontrt'f
'deSerihed ~ the cofnpi"'ht anu ="
tercd into with me idhho irtlsa'ipt
fcompany Limited corporation ~
John = Moofhou7e' one oi st'n p'
fsnohniai when e9hsfn'l
June 10. ittP' ana iff"tn'" ~ tN
office % ne Comfy hecoiaef ~ ian-
cp.n County State 81 ihnh"' OF dN'f
q. 1902 pa Hvph " 81 N"'
rartH ht page ipf 20 a''Ni" bA'H'.'l'
~ the sum "f eighteen ? 'huffu tt.iF
ltitsR9Pi aoil'fH' t'Het"tt w" -
tNfeft thereon que fne pi''h'i'if ii'''i
arifnaapt t"nn Ni''"f NNAs' NNN
SIZE ieiha W 'he tiiN "ai''
tisas iNN iahns Hnd aflh'H
in fHr fNf1pfini 'iie tp' N'''t '
clafafe HNHHhi 20 ei.'
itlffe in iHf county p4 i-Nf"i'.
at iaahe Ha ore more pi'.
ha FOLLOW" hn
west eHrtfr ~ ne N"tnN fH
iaf t." ~Wii) 9" ar,'i"t
s. ,.s
,t...,. f aoonfteaaaf 0saf0 4f
.s..t... XII cara tet asnIra
t.... ..f...rad to iorelsrr ul.h fffs
~. s.. af lhs rsaltsi ra.l of laa 4
- piQrr naaefaaIr lnH az
,.f f.aelrt firsif.d evidenced s..
o.st.f.s.f. SD tsa4
.r. ......... ~ .si, .s,,rf,i,,f ls tNtt|
.s. I'M. ,..as ,.,ter rohf and alors
\. .5 s.tl.fy .ald ien in fl.e man
a provided hy law and fhf dHfnnd
anf Hnd 90 persons 'i''p'n
...i. .a.st orl
t.aafl.s ba .arrea and f1rrciasa4
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1916-09-01

% the District Court Of the Fourth
Judicial District ~ tho state OF Idaho
Case $50 1901. Allies summons,
THE Equitable Trust Company 81
NeW Yorh. 8 corporation. aud lyman
Ilhuaaes. trustees. plaintiffs. W. John
4 Mnefehousc. Cora a. Moorehpuae,
Ired W Knape and John } jamlson,
Defendants
The state ~ Idaho sends greetings
a. john IS Mo0rhouse. cora rs Moor
h1oae Frrd ~ kuape and John T.,
Itmiaon. the above namcd defendants.
You are hereby notified that "a com
alalut has been filled against sou in
fhe District Court 81 thc Fourth ju-
alrial plairlri ~ the state Of Idaho.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1916-09-01
HEALTH NOTES

Believe in national preparedness and
then fail to keep yourself physically
tit?
Wash your face carefully and then
use common roller towel?
Go to the drug store to buy tooth
brush and then handle the entire stock
10 see II the hristles are rightg
swat fly and then maintain a pile
Of garbage in the back yard?
one million two hundred thousand
Americans die each year, It is esti-
mated.
Heart disease. pneumonia and tuber-
culosis cause more than 80 per cent
of deaths.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1916-09-01
LEGAL ADVERTISEMENT
NOTICE EoR PUBLICATION


Department of the Interior. l.. S.
Land Office at HALEY. Idaho. August
rs. 1916.
Notice is hereby giN en- that Christof
Stockburger. of Kimama. Idaho. who.
on May II. 1916. made Homestead En-
try No. 0i9S10 for NE Ia SW Ia.
SIC Ia section 81. y i-2 SW Ia and
SW Ia SW IL section 30. township
6 South. range % east. Boise Meridian,
has filed notice OF intention TO make
final three year proof to establish
claim to the land above described, be-
fore Frank T. Disney. L. s. Commits
sioner. Shoshone. Idaho. on the 10Th day
OF October. 1915
Claimant names as witnesses:
Fred c. Wolf Fred Ringe. Christ
Rossin. Philip Gehring. all of Kimama,
Idaho.
Rem Il. GRAY. Register.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1916-09-01
NOTICE

A meeting Of the Southern Idaho
Livestock association II hereby called
70 meet at the court house In the city
OF GoOdng. Idaho. on Saturday. the
End day OF September 1915, at 2 pm.
Matters OF vital interest to the mem
bera and farmers are TO be taken up
at that time. and every member. small
stockgrower and farmer should be
present without fan.
J. G. ROBERTSON pres.
n. n. MARSH. Socreary
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1916-09-01

Low wages favor high disease rates
4 female fly lays and average Of
100 eggs ~ "a time.
Sunlight and sanitation. not silks
ana satin. makes better babies.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1916-09-01
FOR S ALE

Having purchased the Journal and Dem
ocrat wish TO close out my Stock and Farm
Tools which offer at bargain prices:
IA Head Milk Cows, ten of them now milk
ing, others to be fresh soon. Mostly red
stuff with young calves.
Head young stock, part yearlings.
IL Head Hogs.
One Team Mares, weighing about ] 800 each;
one Of them will soon foal mule colt.
OF my Farm Tools | haye a Disc Harrow,
2-Section Tooth Harrow, SteeLwheel Wa
gon with box and hay frame, Flying
Walking Plow, a lot of CuItvators, small
Harrows. Jewelers. and Planters.
EDW. T. BARBER.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1916-09-01
NOTICE OF PRIMARY ELECTION

Following addresses Of for whom
beer pmpey file in he 0 0 Cy aho eher with
hown by Ie ed Q
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1916-09-01
Printer S Ink TO
Make You Think
sy HOLLAND.

IA illioNS OF uolidrs are
IA Spent IN this country
every year 10 promote think
ing. you are induced to
think Oh al sorts of subjects
at vast expenditure of mon
ey. Some concerns want you
to think about clothes. others
want you to study the ques-
ton OF breakfast foods. while
Others want you TO investi-
gate the cure OF the teeth and
think what sort Of paste, pow
der or liquid wash Is best for
preserving them.
Advertising Is the method
by which these men are In
ducing you to think They
know that II you begin to
think you Will Insist on the
best, and each advertiser
knows that his goods POSSESS
real merit lie knows IL
would not pay him to adver-
tise something that would not
stand the hard test OF actual
use.
IL you will do the thinking
the aim of the advertiser has
been achieved. for you will In
time try his goods. That is
all he wants-just trial. He
will then depend ON the goods
20 make favorable impress
sion. Advertising merely in
tcrests makes you think.
THERE Is FOOD FOR
THOUGHT IN OUR
ADVERTISING COLUMNS.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1916-09-01

incidenly inc nuzzie of gun g.
very cSoiiabie
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-12-20

frappe has been used, nevertheless
No, thank YOU" said Uncle Greg
DRY, II never eat ice cream because
it goes to my head and makes me cold
to my friends"
''Take this coffee, for instance
chortled the doctor, juggling a spoon
full with the left hand and four Jumps
of sugar with the right. Herein
you will find copper salts, iodide of
chicory, four per cent solution of
gladiolus, together with about six
teenth of grain of mocha to the cup
full" -~a-~
sNo, thank you," gasped Uncle
Gregory; Il never drink coffee; it
gives me the hiccups.'
After the dinner was over, Uncle
Gregory took me outside and wills.
pered: John, for the love of q
blissful heaven, the next time you give
dinner party cut out that bug doc
tor, or let me wear ear muffs!''
Peaches hasn't spoken a sensible
word since that bitter evening.
Can you blame her?
(Copyright 1876 by the Mcclure NeWspa.
DER SYndicate.1 :
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-12-20

about these things, because here, on
the elbow of the wing, find traces Of
calisthenic acid over the membranes"
''No, thank you," said Uncle Greg
DRY, Il never eat turkey, it gives me
the heartburn" And the poor old
guy struck such note of hunger that
I wanted to throw that doctor out of
the window.
BY this time several others at the
table were becoming more of less i'm
pressed, and the dinner party was be-
ginning to assume the cheerful as
pect of meeting Of martyrs an hour
before the arena opened.
''Please pass me some mashed po-
tatoes," whispered Uncle Gregory
after the pangs of hunger had beaten
him to the ropes. /,
Here we tind," croaked the doc
tor raising forkful Of mashed po-
tatoes, there we find one of the most
evil effects of food adulteration. This
potato was grown in the fall of the
year 1889, but it has been washed in
alum water to give it the appearance
of being modern, while it's eyes have
been treated with belladonna to make
them bright and snappy."
Uncle Gregory groaned pathetically,
and the rest Of US, out of politeness,
tried to look interested, but only sue
ceeded in looking seasick.
When the ice cream and cake were
brought on Doctor Smotherjoy drove
his spoon down deep into the choco-
late and vanilla mixed and said,
"Here is a pitiful illustration of what
dishonest tradesmen will do for
money. Here we find that some of
this ice cream was pale originally,
but it was treated with aniline dye to
give it this chocolate effect, and then
baked in the sun to deceive the eye.
On the other hand, we find this va
nilla was originally dark and forbid.
ding, but it has been treated with per
oxide of hydrogen to make it more Of
a blonde"
Pardon me, DOCTOR snapped
Peaches, her teeth chattering with ner
vousness, "but this ice cream was
made in our kitchen by, our own cook
with frst-class cream, and we, never
have any but homemade ice cream, 50
there!"
"Ah," said the doctor, "then in that
case it must be traces Of thanatopsis
which see, and the evidence is con
elusive that great deal of artificial
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-12-20
! I. !, + + + + + + j. + + + + + + :
+ NEW SOLUM. I
!. i !. = !. i + + i i. i. j. + /. + +

Lars Roseland and son Arnie, call
ed at "Uncle Martin's'' Monday.
Olaf and Annie Eide called at John
Ranum's Thursday.
The choir practiced in the school
house Thursday evening.
Gust Hillyers called at John Bat
tens Friday.
E.. LELAND has been on the sick list
for some time. .F-.-
Tonnes Nelson was in this vicinity
the fore part Of the week buying
cattle. liz
Olaf Eide attended the Farmers
Club convention at Argyle Thursday.
He was sent as delegate from the
New Solum Farmers Club.
Mrs. John Batten, who for some
years has been suffering from par
alysis, died Wednesday morning at
her home. The remains were taken
to Linden, Wisconsin.
Peter Sorenson is now home again
after having been away all summer.
T. o. Eide and son Olof, called at
E. Ueland's Saturday.
Miss Lydia Batten left for Thief
River Falls Saturday evening, after
having spent few days at home.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1916-12-20

Nels Kulseth called at ..Uncle
Martins" one day last week.
julius Abby sawed wood for Anton
Kulseth Saturday.
minnie Linstad, teacher in Dist.
No. 80, was in Holt Saturday, buying
things for the Xmas tree.
Selmer Sorenson assisted John
Batten hauling hay Saturday.
The New Solum Farmers Club
met last Saturday. A program was
given by some Of those from Dist.
No. 137. Several songs were sung
by our choir. The next club meeting
will be four weeks from this time,
Jan. 6, in the school house, Dist. No.
80.
Myrtel Roseland, who is attending
school in Holt, spent Sunday with
her parents, returning Monday even
ing. -,@ 81:
The Alaska daily empire., 1916-04-04

 TODAY IS
 QUIET ONE

One of the most quiet elections in the history of Juneau is being held today. But little interest is manifest, and the votes are coming but slowly in spite of the perfect weather
 There have been no workers at the polls and no automobiles or other vehicles are in use to set the votes out.
 wih only one full ticket in the field. with two running Independent for councilmen and another ticket containing but four candidates for the council, there is\yery little op- position to any particular candidate.
 The impression seems to prevail that all of the six men on the Citi- zens' ticket and the two Independents are good men and that no matter who are finally elected, the city is assured Of O good council for the ensuing year.
 At three o'clock this afternoon but Ss5 votes had been cast of the light registration of 1OO5. At Precinct No. l. with total registration of 56l. at three o'clock 245 votes had been cast. while at the polling place for Precinct No. 9. 150 votes had been cast from a registration of 444
The Alaska daily empire., 1916-04-04
LACKING MAY BECOME GREAT
 TIN MAGNATE

SEATTLE, April 4.-The Seattle Tlmes says today that the Jackiins and Hayden e Stone Interests are negotiating to take over from Brit lsh and German owners Immense de- poslts of eassiterite ore in Bolivia which are valued at over s2oO,ooo,- GOO. lt ls said that thn deal will be the greatest in the history of the mining world when the amount in- volved is taken into account.
 The article says further that the Jaokling combination oontemplates the construction In the United States, probably on Puget Sound, the largest tin plato smelter In the world.
 Col. D. c. Jackline, who is under stood to have charge Of the investl. gatlon end of the deal, and chas. M. sehwab were long In conference at San Francisco concerning thc deal Just before the sailing of Col. Jack. llns'o yacht Cyprus which carried tho latter and hls party to South Ann erlea.
The Alaska daily empire., 1916-04-04
THREE STEAMERS LEAVE SEATTLE
 FOR TIE NORTH

SEATTLE. April 4.-Steamer Hum boldt sailed for the north at o'clock this morning with the following pas sengers. for Juneau; s. Johnson, D. R. Holmes. W. R. Barnes. George Matsas. Mrs. D. Wicoit Mrs. Nick Povoyich. NJ. Yovlch. J. A. Campbell. Earl Rogers and Miss Buiusa. For Douglas. L. c. Thomas
 The Admiral Watson sailed at z o'clock this morning with the fol- lowing Juneau passengers: o. E.. Sheman. Henry Cushing Mrs. A. R. Roper. c. W. Woofter. A. B. Demass. F. NJ. Reynolds. A. D. Barrall and w.. Burns.
 The Spokane sailed at 1:SO o'clock this morning with the following: J. Afikelitch. c. Simpson and wife, J.. Hart and wife. Mrs. Renegor, Cora Hart. J. Eckbeck. A. Carlson, Brick Sheely and wife. Frank Heincke. J.. RubQuist. Miss Nora Horung. J. B.. NJ. Stechland. G. B. King. J. F. Ka- sey. Ernest N. Polly, Anna semar, Mandy Semar, John Payne. Arthur Swanson, Ernest Kuklorger, J. w. Rodgers. Thos. Riddle. Earl Smith. F. II. Morton. Ethel Elliot. Jane Car yin. Mrs. F. T. Dustin, O. Danby.