davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16

is important to cut alfalfa at exactly
the right time, and that neglect may
result in the dying out of the plants.
Usually the alfalfa begins to bloom
about the time it is ready to cut, but
we must not depend on the blossom
to tell us when to cut. Watch the
basal snoots.
There are always more or less
shoots starting on alfalfa and little
experience is necessary to know just
exactly when is the best time to
cut.
When there are great many new
shoots and these have grown to one
and a half or two inches high, then
we should cut at once. If we cut ear
lier we will have taken off the first
crop before the new came on and so
lost some growing time. We want
to keep the alfalfa crop working all
the time so as to get as many cuttings
and as large yield as possible.
If we cut late, the mower is apt to
clip OF the heads of the new shoots.
Alfalfa grows from the end of the
shoot as fern does, and If we in
jure the second growth by clipping
off the heads, the next crop will have
to start over by growing an entirely
new set of shoots. If the cutting is
delayed too long, until the plant be-
gins to go to seed, the vigor of the
plant is gone just as it is in any plant
where seed is allowed to ripen.
We must also be careful not to cut
too late in the fall but to leave a
growth of six or eight inches high
This holds the snow, protects the
roots, and serves as a preventive
against the heaving Of the ground
caused by alternate freezing and thaw.
ing. Heaving loosens the roots and
they are apt to be killed by exposure.
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16
GUARDING AGAINST
SHORTAGE OF FEED
Big Item in Preparedness as Ap-
piled to a Live Stock Farm
Found in Silo.

Silos are effective Notifications
against feed shortage, ravages OF dry
Weather, hail storms, late spring, early
frost, and poverty-suggests Prof. G..
Larsen Of the South Dakota state col
lege. He says:
-Four silos are standing in one row
On the north end of the state college
dairy barn. A visitor to the college
said. From distance those silos and
barn appear like one of those ancient
castles with its towers and forts that
we see over in the old country IN
these days when there is so much war
and preparedness talk In the air, there
is some excuse for applying it to silos
and dairy barns.
"a big item in preparedness as ap-
piled to live stock farm is to have a
sio. Just now seems to be the time
when money is appropriated for pre-
raredness. Why should not every
farmer make an appropriation for pre-
paredness in the shape OF silo? A
silo will pay for itself in two years,
fatten the pocketbook, and add lot
of comfort to the cows and the feeder.
Where Is there another preparedness
scheme that will do as well? II
person can't afford one of the expen-
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16
BETTER STANDARD Of DAIRY
Farmers Allow City Dairymen to Pick
Out Best Producers Il, Herd
Quality Deterorates.

1t seems to be true that the quality
Of the farm dairy herds is of a much
lower standard in practically every
way than those Of the CITY dairyman.
This really works to the detriment OF
the farmer and yet he is to blame for
the whole thing The city dairynan
who must buy all OF his feed knows
that he cannot afford tc keep cow
unless she Is real producer therefore
he goes out into the country and per-
suades the farmer to part with the
very best cows in his herd. The cow
Is taken to the city and worked as
hard as possible until she begins to
fail, when she is sold to the butcher.
All of her calves have gone to the
same place and thus we see that moth
ing whatever has been done toward
building up the standard Of the dairy
animals OF the country.
Circumstances make 1t necessary
that the city dairyman should make a
very close study Of the business and
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16
WORK OF STRAWBERRY GRUB
Insect Annually Causes Much More
Loss Than Is Realized-Hunt Him
Out and Kill Him.

The working Of the white grub in
newly set strawberry fields annually
causes much loss, much more, per-
haps, than is commonly realized. Va
cancies here and there amount to
quite little sometimes, when taken
in the aggregate.
The more intensive the culture and
higher the prices prevailing. the great
er the loss in money.
The grub begins his work as soon
as the plants are set and continues
his operations throughout the life of
the plantation.
AS this strawberry pest works on
the roots Of the plants only, there is
no chance TO reach his case with
arsenites. The only thing to do Is to
hunt him out and Kill him.
II pant appears to be whiting or
out of condition, not keeping up with
It's fellows, nine chances in ten a grub
will be feeding on its roots.
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16

spots, commences work by boring in
to the apples, causing them to fall be-
fore maturity is reached and also a
shortage in the trees production.
The larva now makes it's way out
of the fallen apple beneath a piece Of
bark, or board, or rubbish and there
spins tight cocoon and in about four
weeks the adult moth makes its debut.
The pupa stage is only reached In
the first brood Of the year while the
second brood winter as larvae.
The pest may be held in check by
spraying before the calyxes of the
fruit close; by turning the hogs into
the orchard to eat the fallen apples;
by saving and trimming off all har-
bors for 1t; and the July brood may be
checked by wrapping gunnysacks
around the bodies of trees.
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16

(By GRACE MARIAN SMITH)
In buying alfalfa seed it is we'll to
test it before planting. Examine it
first, and If there is large percent
age of weed seeds or small withered
alfalfa seed, do not use it.
Your state experiment station will
tell you where you can get good seed.
Nurse Crop.-Sometimes alfalfa is
seeded with a nurse crop. The nurse
crop Is supposed to keep the weeds
down. But the barley, or rye, or
oats or whatever is seeded with the
alfalfa will use moisture and plant
food which may be needed by the al
falfa. 1t shades the young alfalfa
plants, and when 1t is cut, the alfalfa
is suddenly exposed to the suns rays
which may cause the weak plants to
wither. The young alfalfa may be
trampled when cutting the nurse
crop. All these things should be
considered in deciding whether or not
to SOW with nurse crop.
Care of PIot.-After the alfalfa Is
well started it must be watched
closely the first year. If it turns yel-
low or sickly looking, NOW it down
but don't become discouraged. The
roots are probably all right yet, and
If you give them little help, they
may surprise you later by sending up
new shoots.
Alfalfa which turns yellow is usu-
ally in need Of lime, drainage, or bac-
terra, or all three. When alfalfa turns
yellow it should be moved at once.
Take good care of the baby plant and
when it is a little older it will be
strong enough to fight it's own bat
ties.
Harvestine.-Now about the time
to harvest. Experience proves that it
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16
COLONY HOUSE PLAN
QUITE SATISFACTORY
Much More Adapted to Needs Of
Young Chicks Than the Old
Fashioned Brooder.

The small outdoor brooder is prao-
tically a thing Of the past and it is
we'll that it is SO, for they were both
unreliable and inconvenient to attend
to, especially in stormy weather. It
costs but little more to build cheap
colony house and equip It with either
adaptable or portable hover, or better
still. the colony brooder stove, than
1t did formerly to purchase an out
door brooder that would really give
reasonable satisfaction. The colony
house plan Is much more satisfactory
aad the investment can be made use
of the year around. Clean the brood
or frequently and use plenty OF az
infectaut
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16
EXPENSE OF RAISING HElFER
Must Be Worth More Than $50 When
Two Years Old to Be Profitable
to Dairy Farmer.

Investigations made by the depart
ment of agriculture indicate that the
average cost of raising a heifer CT a
dairy farm in the northern and east
ern sections is about SCI at the end
of her second year; this includes an
allowance Of 1871 for labor. The
heifer is given a credit Of $S for the
manure she produces. Thus 1t ap-
pears that the dairy farmer in the
sections mentioned cannct afford to
raise a heifer that is not worth more
than $50 when two years cid.
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16

Maj. Gen. George w. Goethals. gov
ernor of the Panama Canal Zone, de-
MED at Washington that he had re-
signed. He indicated, however, that
he would retire soon.
William G. Lee of Cleveland was re-
elected president of the International
Brotherhood OF Railway Trainmen at
the Triennial convention of the order,
in session at Detroit, Mich.
Arthur Warren Waite obtained a
stay OF execution on an appeal notice
filed at New York by Attorney w. r..
Duel. Waite was sentenced to die the
week of July 10 for the murder Of
John z. Peck.
Incomplete returns received at jack
sonville, Fla, indicate that Governor
Park Trammell defeated United States
Senator n. p. Bryan for denomination
in the Democratic primary.
Three men were killed and three
were hurt as result Of an explosion
at the plant OF the United States In
candescent Lamp company at St.
Louis. Two of the dead were r. W..
Ferguson, general manager Of the
company, and Stanley Nogalski, the
president Of the Laclede Iron works.
Justice Charles E. Hughes made an
effort to prevent the nation from at
taching political significance to his ad.
dress at a local girls school in which
he declared the American flag means
America united, strong and efficient,
equal to her task" Lawrence Fl.
Green, Justice Hughes private Sec
retary. stated at Washington that the
address has no political significance"
Fifty-nine persons have been report
ed dead and more than 100 injured in
series of tornadoes that swept Ar
kansas. Three deaths were reported
at Hot Springs.
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16
WORST OF ORCHARD ENEMIES
eodIing Moth Destroys Mlllicas Of
Dollars Worth Of Fruit In Every
State In Union.

The codling moth is one OF the
worst of orchard pests, and destroys
two million dollars worth or more of
fruit throughout every state of the
Union.
Early in the spring the n4oth, a
orownish gray insect about three
tourths inch over wings, emergcs from
d cocoon Of yellowish silk ab0at one
half inch long which has been hidden
in the crevices of the trees bark, and
lays so or more white eggs op leaves
and apples.
In two weeks the apple worm, a
flesh colored worm about one and one
nale inches long, dull black, due to
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16

sive silos cheap, but serviceable one
can be built.
DO not let that anticipated bumper
crop of corn stalks go to waste this
fall. Remember that forty per cent
OF the food value of the corn plant Is
in the stalk. Put It into the silo. The
farmer who does 1t will thank himself
many times when the cold and stormy
winter weather comes. If the cows
could speak they, too, would say
Thank you!'"
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16
GOOD cows TO CONTEMPLATE
Time, Patience and Effort Are Re,
quired to Secure Butterfat--Prize
10 Worth While.

Cows that produce large amounts Of
butterfat Dare good to contemplate,
but 1t requires time, effort and per.
sistenco to get them, and II the get.
ting good many blanks will be-
drawn; but the prizes make me effort
worth while.
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16
Mexican Revolt

Two of the Mexican bandits who
rode with Villa in the Columbus mas
sacre paid for the crime with their
lives at Deming, n. Nj. The men
Juan Sanchez and Francisco Alvares-
were hanged.
Gen. George Bell, Jr., military COM
mander at Ell Paso, Tex, was informed
that a mob of Mexican civilians and
Carranza soldiers attacked the United
States consulate in Durango city. The
building was burned.
Arbitration of differences between
the United States and Mexico through
an international commission is now
possibility, says dispatch from I'll
Paso, Tex.
Anti-American demonstrations which
began with an attack on the United
States consulate in Chihuahua City
are being continued throughout south
ern Chihuahua and Coahuila.
A mob Of several thousand persons
attacked the American consulate at
Chihuahua, Mex, tore down the official
consulate shield over the door and
shattered all the windows. Americans
were stormed by the mob.
Pablo Lopez. Villas chief lieutenant
in the raid upon Columbus, N. NJ, paid
the penalty for his crime, facing a
firing squad of constitutionalist sol
diers at Santa Rosa, Mex.
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16
Washington

It was announced at Washington
that President Wilson virtually has
completed draft of the platform to
be submitted to the Democratic nation
al convention. The principal plank, 1t
is said, will consist of declaration Of
the administrations success in guard
ing the honor and interests Of the
United States and ct the same time
keeping the nation at peace.
American Minister Russell at Santo
Domingo reported to the state depart
ment at Washington that American
marines near Fonds Verrettes, Santo
Domingo, on June killed IA bandits
in a battle with the natives. Two Of
those killed were the bandit chieftains
Melelles and Codio.
In the seclusion of the National
Cathedral school lawn at Washington.
where he was presenting an American
flag to the honor graduates, Justice
Charles E. Hughes made his first pub
lie address since the opening Of the
pre-convention campaign. He told the
young woman graduates that the flag
meant America first. an undivided al.
legiance and nation united and equal
TO it's tasks.
Carrying only slight alterations from
the bill as II originally passsd the
house. the Oregon California land
grant conference report was agreed to
in the house at Washington and will
now go to the president for his sigma
ture.
Louis d. Brandeis OF Boston was
sworn in at Washington as associate
Justice OF the Supreme court OF the
United States. the oath OF Office being
administered by James d. Maher.
clerk of the court
The federal trade commission at
Washington has voted 10 make Com
missioner Edward N. Hurley Of Chr
cago chairman TO succeed Joseph E.
Davies. He will assume the Office
July /.
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16

LtSs OpSSes " S~
King Constantine of Greece signed
the order demobilizing IL classes OF
the army. amounting to 10000 men.
There is general rejoicing at Athens
over the decision of the government
for rehabilitation.
The official press bureau at Paris
states that the allies have notified the
Greek government that as result of
its negotiation with Bulgaria and Ger
many, they would take all measures
necessary to enforce the treaties safe
guarding Greek unity and the Greek
constitution.
The Austrian left flank and Ger
man right flank are turned, the Teuton
lines have been driven in 10 miles
and $4,000 prisoners are in the hands
of the Russians. This is the situation
in the tremendous Russian offensive
launched five days ago against the
southern half of the eastern front.
The Vienna war Office admits the re-
verses The immediate goal of the
Russians is the great fort Of Lem
berg.
The capture by the Germans of the
shattered Fort Vaux was officially ad-
mitted by the war office at Paris.
Nothing is yet known of the fate of
General Raynal and his garrison.
The capture of Lutsk, in Volhynia.
and also OF a series of powerfully or
ganized Austrian positions, is an
nounced at Petrograd. F1fty-eight off,
GERS and 1000 men were taken.
IL is admitted by the German admi-
ralty that the battle cruiser Lutzow
and the cruiser Rostock sank from
shell wounds received in the battle
with the English fleet off Jutland, ac-
cording to a Central News dispatch,
dated Berlin.
~
: One warrant officer and IL men, sur
vivors OF the cruiser Hampshire. which
went down off the Orkney islands with
Earl Kitchener and members OF his
staff, have been washed ashore on
raft, according to an announcement by
the British admiralty.
The French torpedo-boat destroyer
Fantasia has been sunk In collision
with another ship. says a statement
issued at Paris. The crew was saved.
The total number of prisoners taken
by the Russians in their giant offen-
sive against the Austrians on the 250-
mile Pripet-Pruth front has now
reached 10000, according to an official
statement from Petrograd. In addi-
tion 900 officers are prisoners.
Fort Vaux, one of the main defenses
of Verdun, has fallen, according to an
official statement issued by the Ger
man war Office at Berlin, which as
serts that the fortress fell into Ger
man hands Tuesday night. Seven hun
dred prisoners were taken.
The Greek government is preparing
to declare martial law throughout the
kingdom and arrest ex-Premier Veni-
zelos and his chief supporters. accord
ing to a Reuter- telegram TO London
from Petrograd.
The British cruiser Hampshire, en-
which Lord Kitchener and his staff
were on their way to Russia, has been
sunk off the Scottish coast by a mine
or a German submarine. Search was
made for survivors. but none was
found. Official announcement of the
destruction of the Hampshire was
made by the British admiralty at Lon
don.
The sudden blow struck by the Rus
slams along the entire Galician front
of 275 miles from the Pripet to Rou-
mania, is considered in London a bril-
liant beginning of the long-awaited
Russian offensive. The Russians cap
tured 4S0 officers and $4,000 men.
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16
Foreign

The body of Gen. o. A Fitzgerald.
military secretary to Lord Kitchener.
who was aboard the British cruiser
Hampshire when 1t was destroyed, has
been recovered, according to a dis
patch to the London Express.
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16
Domestic

kilograms urging the adoption of an
aerial preparedness" plank we're sent
from New York to the leading dele
gates of the Republican national con-
yention at Chicago by the Aero Club
of America.
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16

The charges filed by Representative
Longworth with the secretary of the
treasury at Washington against Inter
nal Revenue Collector Gilligan at Gin.
cinnati have been found by treasury
officials TO be without foundation.
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16

Eighty-three lives were lost, hun
dreds of persons were injured and
much property damage was done
through a large section of Arkansas,
Missouri, Illinois and Mississippi by
tornadoes.
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16

Woman suffrage in Louisiana lest
out when the house of representatives
at Baton Rouge failed to pass the bill
bya two-thirds majority, as required
by law. The final vote was For
woman suffrage, SO; against woman
suffrage, so.
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16
Important
News Events
of the World
Summarized
European W0r News

s..9:.S:.a ! 80. @s.4 s.Es:s sssse: :sl9..
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16

The capture by the Germans of th'
shattered Fort Vaux was officially ad
mitted by the war office at Paris
Nothing is yet known of the fate o
General Raynal and his garrison.
The Clio messenger., 1916-06-16

The sudden blow struck by the Rus
slams along the entire Galician front
of 275 miles from the Pripet to Rou-
mania, is considered in London a bril-
liant beginning of the long-awaited
Russian offensive. The Russians cap
tured $50 officers and $4,000 men.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-03-29
DIES FROM INJURY.

Darlington. March 24.-Charlton
n. Ward died at his home In Lamar
this morning after being injured while
operating q saw in his woodworking
plant yesterday afternoon. A board
struck him In the stomach, infiict-
ing internal injuries from which he
died at 4 o'clock this morning.
The funeral services were conduct
ed at the home In Lamar this morn
ing at 1910 o'clock, after which the
body was brought here for interment
IN Grove Hill cemetery. The services
were conducted with Masonic honors
IN which the Lamar and Darlington
lodges participated.
Mr.. Ward was one of IAmar's most
prominent and highly respected citi-
sens. He was q son of William Ward
or Darlington and was 40 years OF
age. He had been q resident Of
Lamar for ten years. He leaves a
widow and four children, the Oldest
~ years of age. He was n men,
Der of the Lamar equalization board,
q trustee Of tho schools, director of
the Merchants q Planters bank and
treasurer OF the Masopic lodge.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-03-29
INCREASE TAXABLE PROPERTY
Rcfunding Of Brown Consols BRINGS
Largo Gain.

Columbia, March 26.-The signing
OF the $4.731,720 bonds and certifi-
Gates Of stock issued by the sinking
fund commission for the retirement Of
previous State bonds will be com.
pieted today. There are l,0O8 cou-
pom bonds Of $1,000 eacl, and two
stock certificates, one for $723,5s5.s7
and the other for $124.33. At late
hour yesterday there remained only
about 900 bonds to be signed.
BY the issuing Of these bonds S..
O22.745.S7 Of previous bonds will be
retired. The difference represents the
assets OF the sinking fund commits
sion, which has retired an aggregate
Of about $Ss1,000 in bonds. ~
The new bonds, which will be dis.
posed Of in Charleston, Columbia.
New York and Richmond, are exempt
from State, county and municipal
taxation. They are not allowed, how
ever. to be, deducted from capital
stock Of corporations holding them:
In this way approximately $500, 900
VIII be added to the taxable property
OF the State. as the other bonds al
lowed this exemption.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-03-29
RAISING FUND FOR NEEDY.
City Likely to Take Care of Situation
Without Asking Aid.

"ASAsUuI hohAAA& fAIOs
Augusta, Ca, March 24.-Augusta
Is rapidly returning to normal after
the big fire Of Wednesday night. The
relief work through q public welfare
committee has been thoroughly sys.
tematized. and over $4,000 has been
raised to care for those in distress.
Last night forty tents were placed
In May Park with over 200 cots and
not single one was occupied, the
relatives and friends of homeless peo-
pie having taken them in tsmporar.
lily.
Augusta had decided that II $50, 900
will be sufficient for relief work that
the city will take care Of the sstuatio
herself and not ask for OutsGfe aid.
The relief fund Is growing rapidly.
Congressman Wilson's offer to at
tempt to secure federal assistance
was declined, Mayor Littleton ex-
pressing the appreciation Of the city,
but stating that he did not think the
money would be necessary.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-03-29
ECHOES OF TEACHERS AsSomA.
HON.
Recent Meeting Regarded as Largest
and Best Ever Held In State.

Columbia. March a2.-Judsins
from reports from teachers over ths
State as they have gone back the ~
cent meeting of the State Teachsfss
Association was the biggss& and Hest
ever held. The enrolment reached
1,450 and an effort is being mada by
Secretary r. c. Burts, Of Rock Hi
to carry 1t to the 1900 mark. The
records show the following .intereatinf
figures: 1906 in Rock Hill, 1877; 1S12
Charleston, 720; Columbia, 1918. T..
0S6; Spartanburg. 1914, 1,175; Flor.
ence. 1916, S61. These give an idea
OF the growth Of the association.
Briefly stated the important chances
In the constitution OF the associations
are: 1. Nomination Of officers bv 4
council Of delegates composed Of one
from each county association. 2.
The increase Of the executive com.
mittee from five to ten, there being
one from each congressional district
in addition to the secretary and
treasurer. 3. Addition of depart.
ments. Hereafter there will be tha
department Of superintendence. col.
leges and secondary schools rurnl
teacners. primary teachers, grammar
grade teachers. industrial education.
school improvement, home economics.
teachers OF English, teachers of set.
ence. county superintendents, kinder.
garten teachers. principals. and school
peace league
The forthcoming proceedings viii
contain the principal addresses ana
the constitution. ALI those who
have not yet enrolled may do 90 VET
and get a copy Of the proceedings