The mirror., 1916-12-14

10 all queries submitted for publication names
course will not be published only the initials of que
being used. (Ed.)
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Wv nat is the most valuable metal, iron god?-B c.
Aft you guessing you would naturally saw that
gold is, of course the valuable the metals But Won
would be wrong. Fhe proper this iron. We do
the pound for pound value for you could oct
more for pound of gold than for pound ron We mean
in useful vaueiron is that sense the most valuable metal
known to This is because of such great SER
vice to man In many ways and it very fortunate that
there Is such great of it available purposes
Iron is generally found pure state in the Mines 1t is
generally found compounded with carbon substances
and we obtain iron burning substance
of the compound.
Iron is put upon the market in three forms which
very much in their properties. First castiron Iron
IN this form hard easily fusbe and quite brittle you will
know ever broke lid kitchen range In the form
of casron it cannot be forged welded.
Next comes wrought-iron, which quite SOFT can be
hammered out hat or drawn out in the form of can
be welded but fusible only high temperature Third
comes STEEL the most wonderful thing produce with iron
Ii is also maleab which that capable being
mered out flat and be easily welded this is the
property stee- acquires when tempered very high degree
OF hardness that sharp edge put when in
that shape it will easily wrought ron Ordinarily we
make wroughtron and from that has been changed
from ltS original state cast-on.
The term caston is generally given to iron which has
been melted and cast form desired Stoves are
made In this way The iron is melted and then poured
mold; while the product out of which woughon
are made is technically castron the is used in
speaking of iron which is this purpose
The process by which pigon changed to wrought-iron
is called puddng The object of pudding which done in
what called reverbatory furnace (Which furnace that
reflects or drives back the flame hea is the
bon which in the This done partly by action
the of the air high temperature partly by the ac
on of the cinde formed by the burning furnace When this
has been done the iron made balls size convenient for
handling. These 'shngled by squeezing or hammering
and passed between rolls by which made to assume
any desired form.
Now we come to STEEL the wonderful product or
form in which take advantage of the ron Steel
was formerly made from wrought iron, you first had to
get casron from which you made wrought ron and event.
ually steel by changing the wroughron Now we make
steel direct from pgiron This is as the Bessemer
process.
The noticeable feature in the chemical composition
of the deren grades of iron and steel the
ages of carbon they contain Pgron contains most car
bon; steel the next lowest, and wroughtron the least
Iron has been known early historical times
The smelling of iron any indication of advanced
civilization either Savage tribes in many parts of the world
practiced the of smelling, they could have
learned it from people who had become civilized.
-NoH meaSuSeQ!-W. l..
A:-Sound arises from vibrations giving wave like mo-
tson to the surrounding atmosphere the gradually enarg
ing leaves the of disturbance while the same
time the motion of the air particles become less and The
simplest method of determining the number of vibrations of
sound by of Savas apparatus This of two
wheesa toothed cogwheel and driving Wheel They
adjusted that the made resolve great
rapdy its teeth hitting upon card fixed The
be of revolutions indicated the axis
of the Suppose that sound is travelling air at
the of 1000 it second and that Savars wheel Civ
ing sound produced by 200 taps the card per second
follows that in 1000 it, there will be 200 vibrations
and there be 200 in 900 it, vibration
be five feet in length The velocity sound through
with the of the latter usually reckon
ed at l, 130 fl. per second.
Q:-Would you advise help buy the latest book
from U. S. Dept. of Agriculture on horse diseases
Awe advise you write to the Superintendent of Doc
umens Washington, D. c. asking for the latest edition the
especial Report Diseases of the Horse. There may
nominal charge of dollar for this edition but it probable
that copy without other charges than that
ering postage In Library catalogue you will find book
the subject Catalogue 4S24 but may be just what
you want.
TINA NCXN NER III OTYED IEC