davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1916-10-03
Backache Is Discouraging
Put Not SO Bal If You know How to
Re3h the Cause.

Nothing mob discouraging than 4
constant back3he. Lame when you
awaken, pains pierce you when you
bend or lift. Is hard to work or to
rest. Blackjack often indicates bad
kidneys. Pine3 Bluff people recon-
mend Doan's Nlney Pills. Read this
case:
Mrs. Minnie Green, S06 Main St.,
Pine Bluff, sal "Some time ago I
felt that my Il Eeys weren't in good
shape. l had Nsteady, dull ache in
my back and Sleeping or lifting any,
thing was aln1f impossible. I felt
WORKOUT and pd and had awful
headaches. Dill spells and specks
before my eyey pthered me and my
sight often blt ed. had a great
deal of troubleY IN the kidney secre-
tons, too. So ny people had used
Doan's Kidney Is with such good
results. that | a box at Seawell's
Drug Store. All taking few doses,
| could see a ICE for the better.
| used two bod in all and l have
mover felt the \ pain in my back
since and my neys have been
normal"
Price SOC at dealers. Don't
simply ask for lney remedy-get
Doan's Kidney s-the same that
Mrs. Green had pster- Milburn Co.,
Props, Buffalo,
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1916-10-03
Sell SCHOOL LAND
FOR FANCY PRICES
Six Hundred Acres Bring Average
Price OF SAL. and One 4O-Acre
Tract Is Sold for $1,000.

That the price of land in Jefferson
county is destined to soar as high as
that of the famous corn belt of the
North Central states, was evidenced
yesterday when Sheriff R. H. Will
liams sold one section of state school
land, comprising $40 acres, for a
fetal of slightly more than $27,05o,
the purchasers being Dr. J. D. Niven
and e. B. Haven, the former buying
GOO acres and the latter 40.
The land is in virgin timber and
has never been touched by pillow,
fenced or improved in any way. 1t
is officially known as section 1888,
and lies in Dudley Lake township,
near Tucker, and one mile east OF
the state convict farm. The land was
sold off in separate 40-acre tracts and
the bidding was lively. Mr.. Niven Sc
cured Is of the traces and paid an
average price, of slightly more than
Sal per acre for the 600 acres. The
i 1tbaGssy tra a66ipra is At prices ranging
from $37 to $50 an acre One negro
hid as high as $40 an acre for one of
the choice forbes.
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1916-10-03
]. A. RAC0P SUCCUMBSe
TO EXTENDED ILLNESS
Highly Esteemed Resident and Rusi-
ness Man Dies at capital and Fun
eral Will Be Held This Afternoon.

J. A. Racop. one OF the best known
Bluff, died Sunday at Little Rock
after an illness which has extended
over the past several weeks, although
his health has been bad for a more
lengthy period.
The body was brought to Pine
Bluff last night, and taken to the late
home of the deceased, 1416 State
street, where the funeral will be held
at II o'clock this forenoon. Services
will be conducted by Rev. ]. A. Sage,
Rev. Marion Nelson Waldrip and Rev
A. A. Boyd and the intermcnt will
be in Bellwood cemetery.
The following will serve as pail.
bearers:
Noncompliance j. Dunlap, NJ J.
Mead R. E. Lee, Edgar Brewster and
DR.. J. S. Spillyards.
Active-H. Erwin, a. G. .Maxey, +.
L. Byrd, N, N: laws, Creed G Cal w :.
age and was born at Quincy, Illinois,
in 1862. For the past 20 years, he
has been resident of Pine Bluff
and in the last thirteen years hx has
been engaged in the paint and wall
paper business.
Until about three months ago, de-
ceased was in excellent health, but
at that time he fell ill and his condi-
ton gradually became worse. Some
time ago he was removed to Little
Rock for treatment
During his career in Pine BLUFF.
he won the reputation of being one of
this city's sterling business men, and
made host of close friends, in bust
ness and fraternal circles. His death
was shock to many who have known
and been associated with him for a
long period of years.
The immediate surviving relatives
are his widow, Mrs. j. A. Racop, and
one son, Carr. who ras been in charge
OF his fathers business affairs; three
sisters, Mrs. G. w. Roderick OF Vim
cennes, Ind; Mrs. Cliff Baker of Rob-
inson, ILL.,; and Mrs. E. w. Nenne-
field of Childress, Texas, and one
brother, Grant Racop, of Lawrence
vile, Ill.
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1916-10-03
SENATOR CLARKE WAS
ALWAYS INDEPENDENT

An incident of the campaign will
show the man. Pulaski county had
the largest delegation in the Demo
cratic convention, and il was thought
that upon its vote in the state con-
vention depended the nomination ot
the candidate for attorney general.
Having been invited to address
Democratic club. he accepted, ana
faced che of the largest audiences
that had ever greeted . candidate in
Little Rock The lobbyists, as well
as the friends OF the corporate inter-
ests. were out in full force to wit
ness his humiliation, as it was gen
orally conceded that he had no earth
| " chance to carry the county, and he
! frankly admitted Il.
/ Instead of appealing for votes and
flattering his audience, his opening
sentence was as. follows
ASKED No Fayers.
"I am not here TO ask for votes in
my race for office. | know that you
people are absolutely under the in
fluence of the lobbyists, the corpora
tions, the bride givcrs and brlhc-
! takers. and dare no. vote your own
sentiments, but only trosc Of your
master, whose collars YOU wear. II
have to be elected nv ouch iHflr-
encas I'd spurn the office for they
might think | am undcr obligations to
them fer their support, and my in
tentions arc, II elected to this posi-
/ ton, to prosecute them for every un~
lawful act they have ever committed.
unless barred by the statute of llml-
tations. ! want no county to Vote
for me that is controlled by such
scoundrels, and therefore do not ex'
pect nor ask for the vote of Pulaski
county as long as it is controlled by
these thieves. am here only in re
Spouse to your invitation to tell YOU
what Democracy means, and You ma,
then vote as you please, or as YOU
masters direct
His official acts at attorney genera
were of such nature that in 1894 NJ
was nominated for governor witt
practical unanimity, although OPP
, Eosed by one who had been promln
l ent in the councils Of the party, ha
: been speaker of the lower house an
4 had an enviable record as q soldle
of the Confederacy. He served a
J governor enc term, declining re
n nomination. His actions as governo
n met the highest expectations OF nj
y friends, and never did he fail to 100
[, after the best interests of the state
: His hatre TO cuodrreretaoln
t His hatred for corruption led him t
e denounce the action, or rather non
g action, of the majority of the leSis
S lature in matters of great lmportanc
Q to the interest of the masses as nav
y ing been caused by the lavish us
of money.
First Lawyer in Senate.
It In 1896 he declared himself can
It didate for Uaited States senate
!. against Senator Jones, but the Jones
: Berry alliance, which at that tim
: lcontrolled all the federal offices L
d the state, under Cleyeland's secon
K, 9apsjpistraa ties{t was too strong, AM
Il Without anyeo., ...;o -,
' no p'o'pe to reward his
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1916-10-03

James P. Clarke, president pro tenn,
of the United States senate, was born
in Yazoo City, Miss, Aug. IS, 1854,
which made him 62 years of age.
He came to this state from Missis-
sippi shortly after his graduation
from the University of Virginia,
locating at Helena, Phillips county,
and engaged in the practice OF law.
He at once entered politics, but in
stead of seeking preferment through
the regular recognized channels de-
manded it on his own merits. He
asked no ones permission to become
a candidate and sought no or.'s aid
by promises. The oligarchy il con-
troll of affairs made fun of the inter-
loper and his ambition was buried
that year, as the reigning dynasty
supposed, too deep to be ever resur-
rected unless he would sue for peace
Vnd recognize the powers that be.
Instead of seeking the aid of the ma
chine, he determined to smash 1t, and
two years later, in 1884 such was his
organizing ability, his dauntless
courage aad fearless energy, he sue
ceeded II his efforts, ard the all
powerful machine. which had absc-
lutely controlled the political al ,irs
of Phillips county for generations,
was routed and James P. Clarke rec
ognized as a foe worthy Of any man 5
Steel
In 1885 he was elected to the lower
, house of the Arkansas legislature,
where although practically unknown
to the politicians of the state, he be
came in less than a moath it's recog-
nized leader. His efforts were de-
voted almost exclusively to fighting
the all-powerful lobby and corruption
in ryery form.
In 1888 he was elected to the state
senate where he at once became the
most prominent figure in it, beins
elected it's presiding officer in. 1891
There, as in the house, he paid bu
little. attention to the minor proceed
ings, but devoted himself almost ex
clusively to the more important al
fairs of taxation and regulation
corporations and exposing corruption
The lobby by that time had learne
that he was it's ablest foe, and, know
ing his incorruptibility fought hil
with all means in its power.
His fear1eSsness aid persona
courage were a shieuld Of protectlo
to him, as no one dared to attack III;
for fear that he would immediatel
expose him aud call a thief THE
and be ready to take the conss
auences. He secured tho enactmer
of several laws of Importance, in spit
of the efforts of the lobby. anon
them the collection OF back take
from the railroads which at one
secured over 100000 to the treasul
of the state.
gathered Election Law.
His greatest political achievemel
in state politics was the enactmer
Of the present Arkansas election lay
In 1892 he announced as cand
date for attorney general. The COZ
porate interests at once recognize
The ssn St df{ es aetunia III
so much harm. but in spite OF q
their efforts he secured the nomlns
tion nv an Overwhelming ma9oln
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1916-10-03

If yor child starts in its sleep.
erinds its teeth while sleeping, picks
at the nose, has bad breath, flckle
annette, gale complexion, and DARK
Tings under the eyes; it has worms;
and as lons as they remain in the il
testines, that child will pc slehlS,
wuITEss CREAM VERAlFt
clears ont the worms, strenSthens iae
stomach and bowels and puts the III
tle one on the road to health and
cheerfulness. Price csc per bottle
Sold Inv W. l.. Dewoody & Co. eoe
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1916-10-03

friends. his personality and eXtraordi-
nary ability enabled him to obtain al
most absolute control of the masses
Of his party When in 1900 the Demo-
cratic state convention met to select
delegates to the Kansas City conven-
ton he had fully two-thirds Of the
delegation for anything he wanted.
Ii 1902 he again opposed Senator
Jas. X. Jones in the first general
state primary ever held in Arkansas
and was successful. Senator Jones at
the time was chairman Of the Demo
cratic national committee and was
supported by William J. Bryan and
Itother Democratic leaders of nationa!
fame. Senator Clarke had 10 opposi-
ton for second term, but when "le
entered the contest for a third cleo
ton he had strong opposition in AS
socate Justice W. F. Kirby of The Ar
kansas supreme court. Senator
Clarke was universally regarded as
the foremost lawyer in the United
States senate.
Always Independent.
Senator Clarke had been president
pro tempore of the senate since the
Democratic party gained control in
1913. He was chosen by the party
caucus to succeed the late Senator
Frye of Maine after spirited contest
and was reelected to the place in the
sixty fourth congress despite determ- |
ined nnnnsitinn ha sd 81 8, ~,
FJtion shin purchase bfll in the Prev
Gus congress. ..
senator Clarke left Washington a
few weeks ago, apparently i'll good
health. In the closing days OF the
last session he presided over the sen
ate. owing to the absence OF vice
pre sident Marshall. the fa.lroao
eight-hour bill, which prevented the
nationwide strike was passed WIN
Senator Clarke i'll the char pul ne
was one of two Democratic senators
"a vote AGAINST the measure ana ne
refused to sign it. He APPOINTED
senator Hughes as acting prcslden'
nro tempore when the bill was pre-
scented at the presiding officers cAal'
for signature. an
senator Clarke's revolt against th'
eight hour bill was typical NAM
festation of sierra lhuepenuehI'
which characterized his au'uc
throughout the thirteen years Oh III
senatorial career. He was l'tl
times the leader in opposition I
measures proposed by his party. IN
climax to his independence wa
reached when he led the Democrati
revolt against the ship purchase D,
which gave new life to the Repuol
can filibuster against the measul
and made its passage lmposslp'
When the bill was re-introduced GU
ing the last session, however, WI
the government ownership and ope4,
ton features TO which Senator Claft
! objected revised and modified. ne 81"
ported it, Va. ~
The senator, during the last sc
sion again surprised his coilea5n
\ when he proposed the amendment
Il the philippine bill which gave ans
n lutte independence to the. ISLANDS
four years The administration
dorsed the amendment and II w
q adopted by the senate. me nous
however, refused to accept 1t.
NJ Senator Clarke acted for seVe'
U wears as chairman of the impofta
\ committee on commerce. He also W
VI the ranking Democratic member
AZ the foreign relations comm tee
u the committee Oh military affairs
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1916-10-03
OLD TINE RIDING TOURNEY.

Waurika, Okla, Oct, Jefferson
county will entertain her neighpors
here on October and I with an old
time ropins and riding tournament'
prizes aggregating 5000 will be
awarded. The entertainment VII
close saturday night with display
of fireworks and opea-air dance
Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1916-10-03

A machine has been invented for
re-inking typewriter and adding ma
chine ribbons.
The Morgan City daily review. (Morgan City, La.) 1916-1920, 1916-10-14

Continued on last page)
The Morgan City daily review. (Morgan City, La.) 1916-1920, 1916-10-14
growers EXPLAIN
THE SUGAR SALE
TOTHE REFINERY
Deal Made After Two Uusueesssful
Attempts to Sell Local Product

Deal Made After Two Uusueesssful
Attsmpes to Sell Local Product
The committee Of the American
Cane Growers Association has pre-
pared statement regarding the re-
cent sale Of Louisiana sugar to the
American Sugar Refining Company.
and the discussion that has arisen
over the pro-rating of the sugar
through subcommittee. 1t is signed
by r o. Young, chairman; E. F.
Dickinson, J. c. LeBourgeois, E. A.
Pharr and D. W. Pipes, Jr. It fol.
lows:
Recently there have appeared in
the press comments on the purchase
Of fifty thousand tons Of ninety-six
degrees test sugar by the American
Sugar Refining Company from some
sugar producers Of Louisiana, sale
having been made through a COM
mittee Of the American Cane Grow
ers' Association. In commenting on
this trade numerous errors have
crept in, these errors being doubtless
more due to the unfamiliarity Of the
writer's with this subject than to any
desire to distort the facts in the mat
ter.
"Some members Of this committee,
telling that at the profitable price Of
sugar it would be wise to dispose Of
their products early in the season,
went to New York and tried to effect
on the open market sale Of a guam.
tity Of sugar at fixed price for Oc-
tober, November and December deli
very. but were unsuccessful in 80 do
ing. Later. in July. similar attempt
was made to sell q large amount of
sugar to the American Sugar Refin-
ing Company, without success.
"Feeling that nothing might be
done towards distributing the sugar
Of the present crop and fearing that
it would all be thrown on the New
Orleans market in limited period of
time and break prices to an unwar-
ranted low figure, in comparison
with the worlds price Of sugar, the
American Cane Growers Associa-
thion appointed a committee COM
posed Of DR.. r o. Young, Messrs. E.
F. Dickinson, d. W Pipes, Jr, J. C.
LeBourgeois and Eugene A. Pharr to
negotiate with Mr.. Earl D. Babst,
president of the American Sugar Re-
filming Company, for the sale Of fifty
to one hundred thousand tons of
sugar, and this committee went to
Chicago for that purpose.
AFTER negotiations covering a
period Of about five days, in which
tenders and refusals were made, the
sale Of fifty thousand tons WAS final
ly consummated At . diffsrential Of
twenty points under the New York
price, sugars to b delivered during
the months ef November and Jan.
ua1y in the proportion Of 50 per cent
in November and 20 per cent in Jan.
uary.
"This committee would have far
preferred to have gotten the New
York prices in New Orleans for
their sugars. But the President Of
the American Sugar Refining Com.
pany would not buy sugar on their
terms, and insisted upon a different
ial of twenty points under the New
York price due, as he puts it, to the
fact that freight from New Orleans
to New York on any sugars that held
to be moved to that point would be
from twenty-five to forty cents per
hundred pounds. He argued that
sugar so taken to New York would
The Detroit times., 1916-10-05

d.. az 1.i5 o'clock In the Hotel stat
Ter The alumni @lll be the guests
Ji the college
Ernest stanton, son OF Mr.. and
Mrs Robert Hall stanton. Of Crosse
lle. who recently returned from ac-
tive war service in France. will give
an illustrated lecture In the 10 roIt
opera house. Tuesday afternoon, Oct.
l". IN behalf OF thu American Am.
bu.5Gce fund Mr. stanton will show
lius ot the work Of tho American
ambulance corps in France and OF
the Detroit waru IT. corps HOSPITAL
IN Neu!lly The funds available for
tae maintenance OF the Detroit ward
90 n beds VIII De exhausted ip
November, ana a strong enort is be
ug made by we'll known Detroitess
to raise more money in the ensuing
few weeks that there may Se no ce,.
ss,.on in The splendid work icing
accomplished Contributions ~ ang
amount from ne smallest 20 the
largest sums VIII be gratefully re-
ceiyrd and acknoNledSed by Mrs c.
a Coolidge. treasurer OF thu sund.
Pasadena apartments. or BY any
mem Der 81 the following committee.
To-. Rev Wm ID MsNon. judge
,..l3igs B }rGGt. 4 VI Henry. W
Power Walter Brooks {. X
Hodges. F W Clark, Mrs. ReAry
.sst~r Nh Theodore Eaton. Mrs
g. T. Palms Mrs & z Warren. Mrs.
B Ford Mrs Henry lewis Mr..
3 NJ Psrke-. Mrs W : Power
Mrs r Adurgton Newman Mrs. G.
w Nasgraln Mrs Campau Thomp
77 Mrs Louis p Hall Mrs. ) Y
burn Mss Jessie Hendri,. and
Mrs c. A Coolidge
The Detroit times., 1916-10-05


work. mss "a...5 A.il' nose. and 'ae
.rI.s."-- Da..~ which iI,Ai'4 ''
Ht4.. HsNr Ills mouth water so ih''
something's h' would have 90 run MS
f,r' hardest 'o Keep from N.r'a'ns
'' '"e '..-'.''''n '' N's.l i-Al gar
n ass ..s some oi 'A',r plants
-.'".a-
- L' - .. .,.r
- .... ~. s.,. mo
20 3D., +sft, ,.,s
~. ~.cs. r. was a urae
,..-... ,- nr The longer ne
..... .-s .,a more ne smelIed the
here seemed Unrl h.,
Ia ....- -.s, r1.s5n which hadn't
.4-r for him AZ all. no harm
haa etr- come 60 hlm In that gar
den
% know enough nov. Thought
Peter ~uot to eat poisoned leaves,
r .tn perfectly safe tor me 70
ae -H.r arilin- "a, tsinS I
-.s' want .o see what .i Is 1'He over
-ae-s. -1- 4 ih.Ass nave cn7hsel
The Detroit times., 1916-10-05

~omg.lHe may lafren. Nrcp away.
warned The Little voice
Bur Peter tried not 10 hear chat
-UaI voice Hc hoped a few steps
itar,r The fence On The edge ~ tho
sar1en io looked and listened I;
was very. very quiet over IN there.
Peter hoped a t,V steps nearer.
IN Just stick my head inside and
see how u locks" ,aij he 20 hin-
SELF chen ru 40 on 20 The Old
Orchard
So Peer poksd his head thru
IN opening In the fierce Ny. how
s7o5 10 did smell in there Peters
aahuly ltte nose wabbied faster
cham ever Nabhages mutered
Peter And beets rurnl.s. a. |
live on. my goodness, certainly
smell carrots
Peter really didn't know just when
bis BODY did follow his head thru
thar opening in The fence. Bur it
did, for here he was right IN the
middle cs Farmer Browns garden.
My. how things had Grown since he
Lad been there he hoped this
way and ne hoped that WAY lie
took nip here and a bite there
TIE lit..e voice inside was sJl how
u has gwen up
So presently Peter came 20 the
Far corner where Farmer Browns
Boy had dug tA-t deep p,t Peter
stared az the great pile O.; sand on
one side n. didn't see tge g-ea,
hole. AL ae saw VAS The pile OF
sand "NoS what can tkat be for o.
though, Peter and went lit,ie
nearer A. Grst he vas suspicious
OF u. After a .,tle ~ maize ne his
mind iaa. j, Mas perfectly harmless
/; WAS nothing but p!le Of sand
He would climb Up 20 the top Il
woU.: De splendid place from
va.ch 20 look ell over he garden
Up Peter scrambled and sat down
or he very TOP Then for the first
ums h. saw the black ri, below
him. lie stared down into Il Won.
d.r.ug wat Il could he for sud
denly .he sand under him eesan 10
slide Hastily Peter turned 20 get
back The sand asa faster and
Peter ss.- himself tipping down
down toward tha, black PIT, With
all his nigh, ~ scrambled W fo,
Ia was tEa- en- TIE very edge OF
,ta, PIT Z. vas rstrow escape Il
very narrow e-ca;e
Next s,ory-Ola Mr. Toad Fa''s
mo Trouble
The Detroit times., 1916-10-05
nY THORNTON W. euaeEss.

OF course Peter Rabbit had no
business In Farmer Browns garden
ne knew H. he knew that the dc
jclous plants growing there were
aot meant for him. For long. long
time after he had been made so ~!
by eating cabbage leaves on which
poison had been put 10 kill bugs he
had kept away from that tempting
garden. In fact. for some time he
The Detroit times., 1916-10-05
Society


Miss Mona Moran lart WEDNESDAY
for Washington % o.. Ta=re sa'
.
Miss Adelaide '2aheid IS IL Dan
VILE, y = 20 attend 'Le Tctd.o&
O.. Miss Beatrice Gregory
---- p =. - .'...'
returned from motor t-.p il the
Ad.IoE-a. ks
=
NJ '' ''.'--.1 az
u n. N-'' OF Na,a'-' '@,..
' 90 81 -. 4 D'''-.- W
$50 ,-...'. @'''
,r-s r-7-k " p-a--a, gave
dunno r-.-.ts. .y...,g f- OH.
CONT, -.... .r- --s s,a---o.D.fra-
t-,a,l -a,-y
Mr and M john 2 Hrar' ot
ana ~ u-s--,s nararts v- and
a. IT S..,~-~soh., On .t-.-
-.. l---, s-.-. ~,,.----z ,-.- o.
.,.,-e.o-, ana v-.-ror..s
The Detroit times., 1916-10-05
LITTLE STORIES FOR BEDTIME
Peter Rabbit Nearly Falls Into the Pit.
Copyright 1913 ~ !. vs.. BurSssa1

hadn't wanted 20 90 near &C. tl'
time change au, f.iu- jas. a-
m changes ey,yrhHG else Dr. Was
500 with Peter Z, 1855 so l..-
since he had been 500 30 Thar nr aai
half forgotten how t,T.a5 le a.-
felt
So sometimes when De- passed .aa'
garden or his way '0 rhf OH Oh.
chard he would pause sind stare al.
II lougiugly he would s.- us aa-
The Detroit times., 1916-10-05

Next s,ory-Olt Mr. Toad Fa's
INFO Trouble.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1916-11-02
STATE" MENTS TO PUZZLE OVER.

STATE" where there is no such word
as fail2 Kan.
State" the best expressions for
students? Conn.
State" the most unhealthful place?
Ill.
state" the best cure FOR illness.
Md.
State" OF surpriseY La,
estate" of eKclamationT o.
"State" of decimals? Tenn.
State" where Noah should tbave
come from2 Ark.
state" where the farmers excel?
Mo.
state" of maidenly grace? Miss.
State" where fathers thives? Pa.
STATE" for the untidy? Wash.
Estate" for the religions? Mass.
State" for the egotistical? Me.
State for the oldest Americana
Ind From Fun and Frolic," in The
Peoples Home Journal for November.
The auInlne That Does Not Affect The Head
Because OF its tonic aud laxative effect LAXA-
TIVE BROMO DUMMIES is better than ordinary
Quinine and does not cause nervousness nor
ringing iu head, Remember the full name and
ieok Ter the signature OF Il. W. GRovR. 2Sc.