davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1916-09-07

Tho fact Is not generally known that
ireland was the first country in mod
ern Europe to enforce the adoption Of
nurnames by law. The act prescribing
their general use was passed more than
200 years before the Anglo Norman
come into general use in England until
the days of Queen Elizabeth nor in
Wales till late In the Seventeenth CEN
fury.
There are some interesting mean
ings attaching to the most common Of
Bits, with the curious changes Of
spelling that have come about since
the names first originated:
Murphy came from OMurphy, Nor
phey and Morphew, meaning .su-
nerior"; Kelly came from OKelly,
O'Connor from Connors. Conerty,
meaning helper" and Dougherty from
O'Doherty, Doherty, Daughaday. mean
ing destroyer" 1t is noticeable that
all Irish names at the first stage in
their history had 90" before them.
the first change consisting of dropping
that o." 1t will not be necessary.
therefore, to repeat the name with the
90" before it.
Sullivan was originally Sillifan and
Sullivant, meaning quick sighted";
O'Donnell and Mcdonnell and all COM
blnatlonS of that name We're Donald,
Daniel, Dona, meaning dark CHIEF;
Moloney was oMullowney, Meloney,
Mullany. meaning "thouRhtfur'; NC
Cormack was O'Cormac, McCormac.
Mccormick, meaning "son of the
crown; Flynn was Flann, meaning
red: Flanagan was Finnegen. mean-
ing DRUID; Boyle was Boylan Bo-
land, Bolan, Boylin, meaning Benign;
O'Brian was Bryan, Bryant Brines,
Bryon, meaning author; Brady was
McBrady, meaning ship captain: and
Macauley was O'Cawlew, McCawly,
McAuly, McAuliff, Cawley. meaning
echo" or literally "son of the rock"
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1916-09-07
&*<<<<<<%<%+$%<%%+%% =
READ THIS BEFORE YOU
INSURE YOUR MACHINE

some owners are particular
aoout having the gasoline which
goes INTO their tanks strained.
~ they were as careful about
thelr insurance policies they
would not meet with so many
uneo!lectible losses.
When you want to buy an au-
tofnohiie, go to a reputable and
recogniaed automobile agent.
e When you want to take out mo- 4
Tor insurance, go to a reputable
and recognized automobile in
surance broker-a man who has
specialized on motor insurance.
!, Find out if your policy is OF
tae valued kind. Otherwise the
insurance company which
writes it can pay you only what
1t feels like paying.
Find out If your Wife, daueh-
ter, son, father, mother, broth
er, sister, motherinlaw or any
Z other relative, partner or serV-
ant IS insured under the liability
clause II they are sued for dam
age done while driving your car
with your consent Under many
policies your brother should be
sued and held for damage done
by your car and the injured
party could collect from your
brother and the insurance COM
pany could not be compelled to
pay the claim.
Find out if the insurance
company can deduct $50 for
each theft from your car. or for
each collision or accident.
Find out if the Insurance COM
pany can dictate as TO where
your car, if damaged by acct
dent must be repaired and how
much you VIII be allowed to pay
for the repairs.
Find out if you are getting a
10 per cent discount if you carry
fire eXtinguishor on your car
or do not employ chauffeur.
Find out, if you have mort
sage on yo'lr car, whether or
not there is an Endorsement on
the policy permitting this.
Find out, if you own two or
more cars, whether Or not you
are paying insurance on only
the one which is in use
Find out If your policy pays
only damages to your car for
the operating equipment
Find out il the collision clause
pany will pay in case of a total
loss.
Find out, II you rent your car
or use it for business purposes
yourself, whether or not you are
covered.
Find out II you are covered
under the worlsmcn's compensa-
ton act. Pleasure cars come
under this act il thew are used
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1916-09-07
RcItlna and eoIeers. .

From the Cedar Rapids Gazette.
Those republican editors who insist that
other republican editors have no right to
bolt the ticket or any palt thereof are
Many thousands of Democratic bolters
assisted in making the republican ticket.
They had. that privilege. The law 1ecof,-
nizes the legitimate character OF such ac-
~on and specifies rules to he followed.
DEMOCRATIC boilers in Iowa have no
lights superior to republican boilers.
they desire There is no argument in the
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1916-09-07
Sure Thina Seekers.

Some people consult fortune tell
crs about investments"
Yes replied Mr.. Dustin Stax. "But
1 can't see any sense to the system.
fortune teller who could give reli-
able advice would quit work and get
!. Il playing her own information"
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1916-09-07
CHAPTER XVII

through The crowd. ard vert down the
street He war certain that on tho
faces g some men he had seen III
III kie
ffad struck SEfne Kind OF d hot trail.
and he meant 10 See where IT led hi
swas by ~ Heafas ~ mi s1.sly that Ches-
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1916-09-07
No Compliment.

i call the little girl I'm sweet on
tay Deity Diniples.'
well. II shes sweet on you, she's
he deity part. all right
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1916-09-07
once Was Enouu.,,

From the Detroit Free Press.
$50 YOU We're unluclsY in love xa5lntie 90
+ Yes, dear. refused him The frs.
time he asked me, expecting That he
would ask again. bls::1 he never did"
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1916-09-07
Appropriate Returns.

DID they realize anything from the
ice carr,iYaI2.
certainly; plenty Of cold cash"
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-23
G1DDINGs ON THE WAR

Of all the American commentators l on the European war, one of the best
 qualified to discuss it's sociological and
 historical aspects is Franklin Henry Giddings for a decade the professor 1 of sociology and the history of civiliza- ttion at Columbia University. Prof. l Giddings was born in Sherman, Conn, sixty -one years ago to-day, the son of i a clergyman. After graduating from
 Union College he engaged in newspa- :. per work and his experiences during
 his ten years as a journalist gave him sound Knowledge of the workaday world and it's inmates which is too
 often lacking in college professors. During his long connection with Co., Iumbia University Prof. Giddings has gained international fame as a sociol- ogist.
 In the opinion of Prof. Giddings, hu- manity is now called upon to choose. between the older politics and the old CT nora1ities, and the absolute state,'
 based on organized efficiency" and
 wholly non-mora1 in any familiar meaning of the word, and remorseless in it's operations.'' One thing, Prof. Giddings believes, from which there will be no dissent among the historians of the future, is the judgment that "Germany planned the war, manufac-
 tured it, and delivered the goods Tn the light of all that has happened
 says pr. Giddings, the proposition
 that either England or Russia was prepared for war has become supreme Iv ridiculous He added: f'If eith-
 CT nation had been even half as well
 prepared for war as Germany was, there would have been no war. eff
 England had been prepared, even to such an extent as Switzerland was prepared, no German soldier would have set foot on Belgian soil,' says Giddings. 'tIn this sense only and 4va ia1- I,- asserted, Great Britain may be l1el1 to be morally responsible for this speakable calamity. Great Britain had plenty of warning. She drifted on, minimizing, unprepared.' As to preparedness, Prof. Giddings says:
 "The entire series of events from the invasion of Belgium disposes once and for all of the preposterous argument that military preparedness, as such in and of itself, is menace to peace. It is the preparedness of the outlaw, the nation that intends to make war, that is rnenace.''
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-23
Soup Plates" Save
 English Many Hurts

London, March 23.-''Soup plates'' is what the British soldiers at the front call the helmets with which they are now equipped as a protection against shrapnel. They are of steel and painted gray In appearance they resemble an inverted bowl and ford protection to the neck and ears as well as the head.
 A British correspondent testihes to their efficacy in reducing casualties as proven in the recent stiff lighting for the recovery. of. the StInternatfenaI trench'' north of the Ypres-Conines Canal.
 .'I saw eight dented or pierced heI- mets," he writes ,"the Wearers of which suffered no worse injury than slight scalp wounds, and some escap- ed entirely. All would have been killed had they worn an ordinary khaki cap. One helmet had been dented eight times by falling shrapnel, while a jag ged two-inch hole marked the entry of a shell fragment which caused a flesh wound
 TAnother bore a deep Assure made by the butt of a German rifle during the hand-to hand fighting in the cap tpred trench. The wearer of the heI- met was not even stunned and he was able to kill his antagonist. Still an- other had been dented by shrapnel unknown to the wearer. Several had been cut through by pieces of shell but the net effect was no greater than smart blow across the skull with O club"
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-23
SHOE WEARERS MUST
 sPAY THE PRICE
Hide Shortage, Population Increase
 CT Footwear Prices.

A side-effect of the far-away war that interests every man, woman and child is the announcement of the fact that shoes must this season advance in price.
 The generally reported scarcity of leather and increased cost of tanning since the war, com bined with aR enor- mously increased demand for leather, all account for the advanced cost of footwear.
 Millions of pairs of shoes for the European armies have been and still manufacturers. On the average, these army shoes consume one and one-ha.lf as much leather as the aver age American mans shoe.
 Knapsacks, saddles, harnesses and other material for the armies at war and a general increase in equipment of the American army and state nili- tia account for a still further demand on the none too large supply of leath- CT.
 Munitions plants have called for thousands of feet of leather and the general picking up of business has started thousands of factories wheels and greatly augmented the call for beIting
 Autos have also made great and in creasihg fnroads into the available leather supply for upholstering.
 Leather is a by-product. The sup ply cannot be increased at will as crops and metals are, but is depen- dent on the hide supply; and cattle are not killed, primarily, for, their hides.
 The latest census reports show that the cattle population has decreased 2e per cent. in the last ten years, and the population has increased the same percentage.
 Shoes. therefore, are to be more expensive. It is said that the in crease for the present will be about 20 per cent. but will likely be more by next fall
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-23
English Prisons Close
 As Result of the War

London, March 23.-A reduction in the prison estimates of the British Isles for the coming year of $500, 900 or about 12 per cent. and the shutting ups in whole or in part of a score of prisons are some of the visible evil dences of the reduction of crime owing to the war, according to the report of the Commissioners Of Prisons. Of the twenty prisons closed or in pro cess of being closed eleven have been closed entirely, all being situated in towns of moderate size like -Che1ns- ford. Hereford. Stafford St. Albans, etc. The biggest drop in crime was noticed in the year ending March, 1915. when the percentage was 281 per 100, 900 populations. The fiscal year now drawing to a close is expect ed to show a still further decrease in crime, the report says.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-23
DRUGS BELOW STANDARD.

Several Washington druggists have pleaded guilty to the charge of selling adulterated and Inisbranded tincture of iodin, according to a recent issue of the Service and Regulatory An nouncements of the Bureau of Chem istry. Samples of tinct7r>e of iodin Secretary of Agriculture from a num- Der of Washington druggists by i'm spectors of the Health Department. Analysis of the samples showed that many of them were deficient in some ingredient essential to full strength tincture. The Food and Drugs Act provides in su bstance that, when a drug is sold under a name (such as tincture of iodin) that is recognized in the United States Pharmacopoeia, it must conform to the standard of strength, quality, or purity, as de- ternined by the test laid down in the Pharmacopoeia, or contain a state ment on the label showing it's true standard of strength, quality or pur- ity.
 an antiseptic in surgical operations. It is used also externally for local irrita- tions and inf1amations. Failure to pre- pare tincture of standard strength is due usually to care1essness. Wash iHgton druggists pleaded guilty to the charge of selling adulterated and mis- branded tincture of iodin and were fined $10 each by the court.
 Farmer Want Ads. One Cent a Word
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-23
ToDAY's POEM
GIN THESE DIM-LIGHTF1D DAVIS"

Springtfme, 1916. In these dim-Iighted days of shame
 and woe, Pity weeds so densely spun, so dark That night her1Joy forgets the spring
 glad lark, With glance subdued and gait re-
 faxed and slow Going her way; while comes her song
 so low That only hearts, not ears, an echo
 mark And feel, reborn uphash in them spark Whose olden warmth set every pulse
 aglow. Yet through death husky moans of
 agony, Billions of anEuished mothsr-plead-
 fngs hushed By steel and fire; wives orphans last
 hope crushed Hark. Harl5! The tread of grief
 redeeming feet Onward moving in rhythmic majesty AS Gods sonorous drums the roll
 call beat. struthers in Boston Tran ScTIpL-
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-23
MIsBRANDED MERCHANDISE.

A bill has been introduced in Con- gress to check still further the mis- branding of merchandise. The Fed eral Trade Commission sees great need of stopping this form of misrep- resentation. But it does not feel tn at it has sufficient authority under ex- isting law.
 A shoe dealer was speaking the other day of some typical adultera- tions in his line. There are certain classes. of trade that, use a good deal of so-called "split'' leather. This is made by taking a heavy piece of cow hide from a mature or old animal, and splitting it into several thicknesses These layers are apt to be hard and .'tinny'' As they do not contain the full fiber of the hide, they are apt to tear and crack easily.
 For many years shoes of these split layers were sold under the name "A Calf.' The dealers who bought the goods knew perfectly well what they were. But the goods and the boxes containing them were marked "A Calf.,' Probably the public thought they were getting a genuine calf skin shoe. In a similar way, there are a hundred tricks by which pasteboard, or .tpancake'' made of ground leather leather. Then the shoe is stamped ''all leather Black ink and wax skilfu11yl applied cover many sins. In almost every line of merchandise, such deceptions are practised.
 The American people, have been buncoed many times. The more in- te1ligent people become skilled in de- tecting fakes, the more s1ilfu1 dealers become in making adulterations. If the statements of one noted writer are accepted, America is known in France as the country of paper-soled sh oes.
 No doubt this last statement is un- just to American business as a whole, which seems to grow mcre honest. In particularly retail merchants, who depend for their patronage on the community immediately around them, have to be frank and honest or get out of business. They will never resent a law against misbranding n1erchan- disc
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-23
CHILD WELFARE
 CONGRESS TO BE
 IN BUEN0S AIRES
First Gathering for Good of Young Will Be On Ar
 gentine's Holiday

New York. March 23. = Arrange ments are being made to hold the First American Congress on Child Welfare in Buenos Ayres next July in of the centenary of Argentine independence The pro gram embraces sections on law. hy- giene, psychology. assistance to moth CT and child, sociology and industrial legislation, and has been translated in to English for the benefit of Ar1eri- cans who are not familiar with Span ish. The President of the Congress, pr. JuIieta Lanteri Renshaw, in a let ter to the National Child Labor Com nittee, New York City, which is fur thering the interest of the Congress in this country, says:
 stOur Executive Committee is count ing upon the presence of Americans interested in philanthropy and social work to discuss problems of child vel fare. This international American Congress will serve as a. new bond of union and fraternity among the ma tions. of North America and the Ex- ecutive Committee hopes for this req son that the meetings in Buenos Ayres will be as impressive as possib1e.''
 The Congress is regarded by Harry B. Bard, Secretary of the Pan-Ameri- can Society of the United States, as an unequalIed opportunity Tor establish ing closer social, intellectual and cu1- tural relations with the other repub- lies of America. 'tNo subject could form better basis for profitable dis cussion than the child.'' said MT. Bard, and am particularly glad that the call for this Congress comes from Ar gentina as this will serve to bring to many of our people a. better under standing of the progress made in inn proving the conditions of the child and the methods employed in that splendid country"
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-23
Nightgown In Middy StyIe.

yards 36-inch material Ono has 5f1t to study carefully both the cutting and construction guides to make the gown in a few hours The front and back, as shown here, are laid on a fold of the material, while the piecihE for front To the right of the back section are laid the collar, band, underfacsng and sleeve. tho collar beng the only piece of the group placed on the length.siso fold.
 These nliddy gowns do not require any trimming, unless it is a. stitching of finishing braid about the edge To make the design, slash down the <cids at center front of front and rnderfac- inGs from upper edge to large "O.s per- foratfons. Adjust undertaking tc pcsi- ton underneath front, notches &nd neck edges even, making seam 5s ::sch wide at upper edge of slash and grSt5- uating seam into nothing at ievYe. edge. Work eyelets in front at ei9a@Il "o'' perforations for 1acing. Close u.a- der-arm and shoulder seams as noacts- ed. Turn hem at lower edge of sf5sSl 70" perforations. Face collar and sew to neck edge. notches and center-baeIs even; roll collar and front as iIllSe trated.
 For the long sleeve. first gather lower edge between double "TI'' perfcra- tions. Sew sleeveband to lower edgcl close seam as notched. R shorter sleeve is desired. see cutting directions Sew sleeve in armhole. as ,aotcl.osl small s'o'' peTforations at shoAlazs seam. easing in any fulncss.
 The athletic effect may be fu-s!.eT carried out by lactng the front togetacs instead of using buttons and button. holes.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-23

We forget summer rains in winter snow.
 What does it matter? Now the vto- | let's blue,
 The rose blooms red, and friends are l tried and true."
 | Haven't you heard the old saying: "Al1 work and no play makes Jack a i dull boy ?'' No truer words were ever spoken or written, and the same whole girls.
 No matter how hard young man or young girl may have to work by day, if there is pleasure to look for ward to at night the heart is light and there's a song instead of a sigh on the lips. There are folks who make won derment out of young people eager to be always on the go. They don't seem to realize it's the nature Of youth. It touches a responsive chord in their hearts.
 Craving nerriment, how can the older ones think they could be content to be shut up in the house seeing only carewoTn facts and hearing over and over again the conversation that. in terests old people. It is a life that they have not as yet entered. Why should it's tribuiations be put upon them? To refuse a young son or daughter the companionshfp of those of their own age is like shutting out sunshine from them. No matter how seemingly frivolous their conversation and interests are attuned. They enjoy it to the full, which is excuse enough for their indulging in it.
 Youth is theirs but once. It is only right and natural that they should en- joy it in their own way. As long as parents know just where they are and with whom they associate they should not draw the line of their pleasures too closely.
 Parents who maintain that their sons and daughters work hard all day and should rest at night have forgot ten the needs of youth When they were young father used to trudge miles to do his counting and not feel the bit ing cold of the blizzard he walked home in, nor did they consider it any thing but pleasure when they, with a number of other young folks, drove in a sleigh thirty miles through the snow to the distant farmhouse to dance till broad daylight. Tired? Not a bit of it.
 Youth means having a great deal of surplus energy to work off. Middle aged folk soon weary, but youth laughs at the notion. Dancing stirs their blood. The clasp of hands sends love into their hearts, which ends in marriage. Parents whose girls have been shut Up within the four walls of their home are liable to have them for many a year. When the daughters have no escort father should 5ssfnk it his duty, as well as pleasure, to spruce up and take them out now and then. Of course he may nod in his chair. even go to sleep, despite the eIashing dance music, but if he fails to waken when the affair breaks LID he must not feel surprised if sprightIy chap steals march on him, taking his daughter home, and awaits his coming at the door. When they work by day they should not be denied happiness by night.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-23
ANOTHER WILL SHOW
 HER MORE REGARD

E. H. writes: T am a girl of 19, well spoken of. diligent and spright1y.
 My steady escort for a short time was a young man of p, good natured and respectable. We thought sincerely of each other. Lately, he said, he would not visit again for weeks, as there was sickness in both families. He does not live far. Nor has he phoned for months. Must I write, talk to him or patiently wait his intentions2 Don't know what to do till you reply, please
 He is decidedly unconcerned, so you must not write beg him to call. Wait a while. You may do better with another, who will show true re- gard for you.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-23
MISS LIBBEi,S REPLIES
 TO YOUR LETTERS

Miss Libbey's answers to your letters. Correct name and ad- dress must be given to in- sure attention. Initials printed. Write short letters on one side of paper only. Use ink. Per- Sonai letters cannot be answer ed. Address Miss Laura Jean Libbey, No: 91G President St., Brooklyn, N. Y.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-23
Swiss Issue Bread
 Tickets to Horses

Zurich, Switzerland, March B. Fodder tickets for horses. on the lines of the bread ticket system, are about to be issued in Vienna. For stables with more than 20 horses fodder will be supplied from municipal store houses. owners of smaller numbers can get it from the dealers upon the production of the tickets.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-03-23
HE WAS MARRIED
 WHEN CALLING ON HER

A. writes. T am a girl of Is. Not long ago, I went to a party where I met a young man. He/ asked pernis- sion to visit at my home tossee me. I wondered if it was right to allow him to visit had never had a young man call before. He came. Before an hour, I learned that he was 9 mar ried man. J I told him, as it was so, never to call again. Did I do right? Will meet a good single person ?'
 You were wise and smart in thus doing right. Surely you will find a good worthy suitor.