The Pulaskian., 1916-06-09

seets. It may be appf.ed to the in sects and cannot be uged as a pre- ventive.
 This is the standard remedy for sucking insects.
 Dissolve one pound hard soap in two gallons of boiling water. While hot add two quarts Of kerosene. Churn or shake the mixture while hot for five to ten minutes or until it assumes creamy consistency. Add six gallons of water before using. Another plan consists in using sour milk instead of the soap water, the ob. iect in either case being to hold the kerosene in suspension while it is ap- piled to the insects. The most approved method of apply ing kerosene is by means of special pump designed to mix kerosene and water This is the most agreeable and by all means the best method of apply ing kerosene.
 Sprays for Fungicides. The control of fungous diseases is accomplished by the use of some 1 form of copper salts, usually copper sulphate or copper carbonate.
 The former known as bluestone, blue vitriol, etc., is generally recog- nized as more efficient than the latter. When purchased in large quantities it l is also cheaper.
 Copper su1phate may be used on dor mant plants when dissolved in water at the rate of two pounds to 50 gallons of water, but this solution must not be used on growing plants. Copper sulphate in combination with fresh lime forms the standard and well-known fungicide.
 Bordeaux Mixture. 1 Various formulas are quoted, but the following is accepted as safe and re- l liable:
 Copper sulphate ......... 5 Lbs. Fresh lime .............. 5 Lbs. l Water 50 Gals. In general terms, the copper sul- | phate should be dissolved in one-half of the water, the lime slaked in the remainder, and the two solutions | poured together. This results in a chemical action giving rise to a new | substance preserving the fungicidal properties of the copper sulphate, and if properly made will not injure fo- liage.
 Making Bordeaux Mixture.
 Have on hand three barrels and two pails (wood or fiber).
 Twenty-Five gallons of water in each of two of the barrels.
 Dissolve five pounds of copper sul- phate in one barrel by suspending in a coarse burlap as near the surface Of the water as possible; in this way it l will dissolve in few minutes, while if allowed to settle to the bottom it would require several hours or even days to dissolve
 Place the lime in pail and slake by adding water slowly until paste is formed. (The lime for bordeaux mix ture should be slaked exactly as for building purposes.)
 Pour this lime paste into the sec ond barrel and stir thoroughly. Now pour into the third (empty) barrel first pailful of the copper sulphate solution, then pailful of lime water, or better, let two persons work at the job, pouring together. The resultant mixture should be of an intense blue color. If any tinge of green appears it is not good bordeaux | mixture.
 It is always advisable to test every barrel of the mixture before using, to detect the presence of any free or un- combined copper which might injure l foliage.
 Test No. Dip a bright, clean steel knife blade into the prepared bordeaux mixture; if any, even the slightest, deposit of copper appears on the blade after few moments exposure to the air it is an indication that more lime is needed.
 The knife should be thoroughly whetted before using for a second test
 Test No. 2-Ferrocyanide of potas sium may be purchased at any drug store. Place a small quantity (1 ounce) in bottle and add water slowly until nearly all of the yellow crystals are dissolved. Stir the bordeaux thorough. ly and dip out a few ounces in a saucer Add few drops of the fer. rocyanide solution; if any brown dis. coloration appears it is an indication that more lime is needed. This Is a delicate and reliable test.
 The ferrocyanide is violent poison and should be labeled as such.