The Ontario Argus. (Ontario, Or.) 1???-1947, 1916-08-03

Turb. ~ Eut-Ei-Awa-r on thc TiEr.s
This expedition had made sensation
al dash more than 800 miles up tn,
river in an attempt to seize Bagdad
II was within 10 miles of the cit,
when It was decisively defeated b,
the Turks and forced to fall back 10C
miles. Here IL was surrounded and
forced TO surrender after relief
force had made several vain efforts
at rescue.
Two new nations entered the ranks
of the belligerents during the year.
On October 10. 1915, Bulgaria threw
in her lot with the central powers and
on March o, 1915, Germany declared
war on Portugal after the republic
had seized all German ships interned
in her ports
The entrance OF Bulgaria into the
arena was signallzed by a combined
assault on Serbia by Austria, Ger
many and Bulgaria which resulted in
the complete overwhelming OF the
hopelessly outnumbered Serbians and
the subjugation OF their country. Tho
remnants OF the Serbian army were
driven across the frontier into the
wilderness OF Albania whence they
we're rescued by the British. French
and Italians. They we're shipped to
Corfu where they were reorganized
and rc-equipped and later, to the
number OF about $1,000. Joined the
Franco British forces at Salonlki. Tho
survivors OF the Gallipoli campaign
we're also gathered at the Grecian
seaport as we'll as n large British
army from Egypt. This combined
force Is estimated at 100000 men
and is presumably being held for an
attempt to wrest Serbia from the Bull
garlans.
The principal success won by Aus
trinn arms during the year was n
great offensive undertaken against
swept the Italian invaders back over
wide stretch OF country In the
southern Tyrol. reconquered about
270 square miles OF Austrian terri
tory and carried the battle into Italy.
The Italians rallied, however, and at
the close OF the i2 months had re-
gained a large portion of ground and
were vigorously pressing counter
offensive In accordance with the
plans OF the entente for concerted ac-
tion.
On the sea the year witnessed an
event OF surprising interest, The
German grand fleet. steamlng out
from its mine fields and lmpregnable
harbors at Kiel and Wilhelmshaven
engaged the British fleet in the
mightiest naval battle OF history.
The battle was fought off the coast
OF Jutland on May 81. Its results are
so obscured by the conflicting claims
OF the combatants that they will prob
ably not be definitely known until
the war is over, IL then, The Ger
mans assert that the British losses
were far heavier than theirs and on
that ground claim the victory. The
British, denying greater losses, point
TO the fact that they still control the
seas as the basis of their right TO the
title OF yietors. London also claims
that since the battle 200 British ships
which had been tied up in the Baltic
ports since the beginning of the war,
have been able 10 make their way 10
English ports unmolested by German
warships,.
One other event on the sea aroused
intense interest. On June Field
Marshal Earl Kitchener. Great Brit
tain's famous minister OF war. was
drowned with his staff off the Ork-
neys when the cruiser Hampshire
went down. 1t was at first thought
the cruiser had been the victim of
submarine, but this theory was gen
orally discarded when It was learned
that the warship had struck a mine
and gone down in the midst OF ter
rifle storm.
The second year of the war was a
memorable one as far as the United
States was concerned II marked the
apparent final passing Of the crisis
between this country and Germany
over the submarine warfare which
threatened more than once a rupture
OF relations and even war
Another cause of friction between
the United States and the central
pdUers was also removed during the
year Since the outbreak of the war
certain propagandists had been busy
instigating strikes in munition fac
tories which had contracts with the