davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-12-07

asked whether. in consequence OF the
changed character of road traffic,
more and more mechanical and greater
fn volume, there should not be q rad
ical revision Of the system, so that at
least on main roads the most perma.
nent form Of surface be adopted. Ger
tainly something stronger and more
durable than ordinary road metal Is
needed to bear the extra strain. Many
people are familiar with the limited
use Of pathways, which are still to be
found over certain bridges and In other
places where heavy material Is to be
moved on tracks and where rails with
Hanged wheels are not convenient
But the public is not so well aware Of
the fact that on an eighteen foot road.
the average width Of the main roads
only a small part Of this width Is
actually used by most Of the vehicles
which pass over II. In the case Of
horse drawn vehicles with narrow iron
tires perhaps as little as two feet have
to bear the strain Of the road, although
I'm the case Of motorcars the wear of
the pneumatic tire Is wider.
The surprising fact is, therefore, de-
yeloped that very small per cent Of
the width of the road Is used ut one
time by a vehicle. Yet when the road
has to be repaired or renewed the
whole width has to be dealt with, for
mere patching In most cases cannot be
regarded as the most practical method
of maintenance. Consequently one Il
driven to the conclusion that prepared
tracks would save an immense amount
Of repair and wear. These tracks could
be made Of special material. contin-
uous and smooth In character, and suf-
fciently wide. They would bear near
ly all the traffic and would lengthen
the life Of the road ten times its pres
ent period. Looking TO the future
when the roads will have to bear heav-
Ter and more continuous traffic the
substitution OF some kind Of plate for
trackway Is bound 10 come because
the present expensive method Of pre-
pairing great width Of roads. OF which
a small portion only Is used. will soon
become too costly a burden to be borne.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-12-07

IF our club, so Mr.. Spence took us
all TO the drug store and gave us a
treat.
When we had our Big Club Con-
vention President Frost provided
rooms for the girls in putnam Hall
and for the boys in the Industrial
Building, and gave us our meals at
the Vocational dining room. This
Big Club Convention included all the
boys and girls in all the clubs Of
Madison, Jackson and Rockcastle
counties.
AT the County Fair this year we
had large exhibit and quite a num-
Der OF prizes were awarded.
With only one girl in the club IL
is embarrassing sometimes, so hope
that next year a number Of girls
will enter the club. For the benefit
OF any girls who are thinking OF
raising pigs, will say that the work
is not as disagreeable as you may
think. Here's hoping that we
shall have a still more prosperous
club next year.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-12-07
MOUNTAIN AGRICULTURE
Conducted by Fern Special
BRIEF NOTES

Clean SKINNED milk is a valuable
food. but IL should be sold as skim
med.
Forty-flve thousand dead ducks,
victims Of wild duck disease, were
picked up on one marsh near Great
Salt Lake.
In 1901, out Of THE total road and
bridge expenditures, s20,O00O00 OF
the ss0,OO0O00 was paid in labor
that is, worked out on the roads.
The sense of direction in migra-
tory birds is as marvellous as il is
mysterious. The familiar inhabi-
tants Of our dooryard martin boxes
return the next year TO these same
boxes, though meanwhile they have
visited Brazil.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-12-07
BIG THANKSGIVING AT
CONWAY

The Farmers Improvement club
and the good ladies Of the women's
department of the same joined with
the school and celebrated Thanks
giving day in a most enjoyable all
day meeting in their now too small
community building. II was an
ideal day and the crowd was the
largest ever in attendance on such
occasions. Many of the Wilde
friends spent the day in the festivi-
ties here.
One of the unique things was the
forty-nve minute humorous play
given by the men and women of the
club. which was enjoyed by every
one: some wondering how the older
ones could enter into the fun so
freely and naturally.
Mr.. Caudill spoke on "Thanksgiv-
ing" Mr.. Spence on THE Origin OF
THANKSGIVING" After a sumptuous
picnic dinner, which was certainly
enjoyed by all, Mr.. Spence spoke
again on Look and Live"
Conway is a place Of interest. So
many good things are being enjoyed.
All are looking forward to great
Christmas entertainment.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-12-07
BETTY'S LIFE SAVED By
USE OF RED CROSS SEALS
She Was Taught How TO Care Fer Her.
sslf Altar Her Mother Had Died.

She Was Taught How to Care Fer Her.
sslf Altar Her Mother Had Died.
"she was real pretty. and 80 full Of
fun that the dimples were always
showing I'm her round, red cheeks"
The visiting nurse OF the Anti-Tuber
culosis Society was talking. Her
eyes were big and brown and nut-col-
ored hair curled naturally In little
ringlets over her forehead and ears.
She was Just eighteen when We first
met her and SO neat and attractive
that one would think she belonged to
the well-to-do class of working people.
but when we followed her TO her home
one day we confronted startling facts.
The red In her cheeks was the flush
Of unnatural inward fever. the high
spirits were a pitiful antidote to pitt
less conditions, and the big brown
eyes saw only squalor when they were
not fixed upon a typewriting machine
or closed persistently to any view but
an imaginary bright one.
.The room we entered was q gen
eral living space. used also as an eat
Ing. cooking and sleeping apartment
There was but one bed. and Betty
had to sleep I'm II with her mother.
who was too weak to sit up. An open
cuspidor sat where It would be con-
veniently near the bed, which placed
Il by the stove, where their food was
cooked. The mother. who was suffer
ing In an advanced stage Of tuber-
culosis. did not like cold air. and her
querulous demands caused Betty TO
keep the door and windows closed.
"'Well.' said cheerful Betty, with q
laugh. that isn't so bad as not hav.
ing any windows or doors 10 close. h
TT Things might be worse
Infinitely worse said I. You
might even take notion TO stun the
windows and doors with rags 10 cut
out what oxygen comes in through the
cracks
"Red Cross Christmas Seals. with
their CHEEKY message Of hope, gave
Betty q chance TO get well after her
mother died. Is II worth while TO save
the Bettysi Buy your share today"
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-12-07
BEREA PIG CLUB
Nv Leela Bowm an

Mr.. Spence came over to Knapp
Hall three years ago and organized
a poultry club, a calf club, a potato
club and a corn club. As none OF
these appealed to me I asked him
if he would organize a pig club. He
did so and as was the only girl in
the club the other members elect
ed me secretary. When we first or
ganized we had fifteen members,
but before the year was over sew
eral OF our members had forsaken
us. At the first show only a few
pigs were shown and none OF us had
our record books in good shape.
The second year we mad some
new members and did better work,
having more meetings than in the
previous year, keeping better rec
ords OF our work, also some OF our
members built model houses for
their pigs, and a greater number
were shown at the Fair and Corn
Show. was real sorry that l
could not show my hog at the Fair,
he was in excellent shape but just
the night before the Fair he became
lame. However by the time of the
Corn Show he was well and was the
largest hog exhibited.
This year we have done far bet
ter than in either Of the preceding
years. Mr.. Kerchie, the State
Agent, has made occasional visits
and instructed us how TO get better
results in our work. Mr.. Spence
got in touch with the Armour Pack
ing Company and obtained enough
tankage for each member Of the Pig
Club TO have forty pounds. We
used this in a mixture Of one pound
'ankage, four pounds middlings. and
six pounds corn meal, feeding four
pounds to each 100 pounds the pig |
weighed. This was a great help to
our pigs.
At one of our meetings in the
summer we became hot and rest
ess. while carrying on the business
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-12-07
HOW RED CROSS SEAL
IDEA CAME INTO BEING
Originating In Norway, Method Wss
Taken ue Hsrs Nine Ysars Age.

Originating In Norway, Method Was
Taken W Hsrs Nine Years Ago.
over S3,2J0.00O has been raised by
Red Cross Christmas Seals In the last
eight years. and yet many people who
viii buy these holiday stickers at this
ninth annual sale do not know how
this Idea originated.
While Red Cross Seals really date
back to the Civil War when Charity
Stamps" were first used. the first cam
paign to sell holiday stickers for the
tuberculosis fight was only nine years
ago In Delaware. Miss Emily r. Bis
sell Of Wilmington read an article by
Jacob Riis describing stamps used for
tuberculosis work In Norway, and she
conceived the idea OF a similar plan
here. Single handed. she launched a
sale which resulted I'm 5000 clear
money. When Miss Bissell tried 10
convince the American Red Cross that
this idea should be made national as a
peace activity Of that society, shs met
with opposition. but finally persuaded
the authorities. with the result that on
an investment OF a few hundred dol
lars $4,000 worth OF Seals was sold
In 1908 and the great national cam
paign was launched. Since then the
sale has gone forward by leaps and
bounds, until now the Red Cross Seal
Is an institution In the United States.
and offers to every one a chance to
help In the peoples fight against the
peoples disease. Last year over To-
100000 Seals were sold. ana this year
the American Red Cross and The Ma
tional Association for the Study and
Prevention OF tuberculosis, who con
duct the sale. are out for 100000. 900
sale or Sl.OOO.OO0 for the Tuberculosis
War.
The policy on which the sale IL con-
Quoted Is that the money, except for
the deduction OF legitimate expenses,
shall remain In the community where
the Seals are sold.
Bacon-That sounds like a master
hand at the plano.
Egbert-It Is. It's my wife.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-12-07
AT THE END OF THE GOOD ROAD

To see what really happens at the
end of the good road. public road
specialist of the department recent
ly had observations made in dbler-
ent sections of the country. The
observers noted many country
bound transfers who drove two
loaded wagons, hitched one behind
the other, TO the end Of the good
road, and then found IL necessary TO
leave one wagon by the roadside to
be returned for later, while all the
power of their teams was devoted to
hauling a single wagon over the un.
improved road.
Farmers bound for market fire.
quently were seen IN haul wood and
similar products 10 the beginning "f
the good road, there dumping them,
and returning for second load.
When this arrived the two loads
were consolidated and easily hauled
by a single team the remaining dis
lance TO market over the improved
highway.
In one section of the country
where oxen are still used teamsters
were observed to bring their loads
over the dirt roads with two or
three Jokes Of oxen. When the be-
ginning of the. good roads was
reached, the teamsters would I'M
hitch the extra animals and finish
their journey with a single yoke.
Do we need good roads? Visit
the Slate Lick road and make a
study OF it.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-12-07
CINCINNATI MARKETS
GRAIN

oNhtN.
Wheat-No. 2 red s17491.7e, No. 8
red s1.6s@1.72. No. 4 red s1.4591.5s.
Corn-Quotations on new: No 2
white s1ds2c. No. white 90@s1c, No.
Z white s7Gssc. No. 2 yellow slGs2c,
No. 3 yellow 90Gslc. No. 4 yellow SIN
ssc, No. 2 mixed 916s2c, No. 8 mixed
seq9ic. No. mixed s79ssc, white
ear, new S7GS9c. yellow ear, new $50
soc; mixed ear s79sec
Oats-No. white SSH @5sc, stand
ard white 5s65shc. No. 8 white 5s2
657hc, No. 4 white ssh @56hc, No.
2 mixed 56h G57hc, No. 8 mixed $50
Sec. No. 4 mixed 54@55c.
Hay-No. l timothy $3.50, No. 2
timothy 1880, No. timothy $3.50,
No. clover mixed $3.50, No. Q clover
mixed $3.50. No. 1 clover SIG, No. 2
clover s14.
EGGS AND POULTRY.
Eggs-Prime firsts 42c, firsts 40hc,
ordinary frsts 3Shc, seconds 34c.
Live Poultry-Roasters, 4 lbs and
over. Ice; broilers. IN ID and under,
lie; flyers. over III ID, 15c: fowls,
~ lbs and over. 15c; 3h lbs and
over, 12c: under az lbs, lie; ROSTERS,
lie; ducks, white. lbs and over,
Ice; under lbs. 14c; colored, 13c;
old hen turkeys, 8 lbs and over, zoe;
young hen turkeys. s lbs and over.
zoe; young tom turkeys, 10 lbs and
over. zoe: old tom turkeys, 10 lbs and
over. 18c; crooked breasted, 12c;
culls Sc.
LIVE STOCK.
Cattle-Shippers S7.5099; butcher
steers, extra $S0s.50, good to choice
sos. common to fair $5.5066.75;
heifers, extra $707.50, good to choice
$S06.75, common to fair $5@5.76;
cows. extra $606.50. good to choice
$6.26@6, common to fair $4.35d6;
Gamers. S3.6o04.35; stockers and
feeders s5@7.
Bulls-BOlosna ss.so@s.25. fat bulls
$626@6.75.
Calves-Extra $11.50. fair to good
$10@11.50. common and large $3.50
Hogs-selected heavy shippers 1896
Q10, good to choice packers and
butchers $s.S50lO, mixed packers
$9.600s.s6 stays $S.26@s26. common
to choice heavy fat sows S7.266825,
medium Q60-1S0 lbs) $9.25@935, light
shippers ss.269s. pigs (11o lbs and
less) $6.25@s.25.
Sheep-Extra ss.s507. good to
choice $696.75. common to fair $40 |
$50.
Lambs-Extra $1125, good to choice
$lo.50q11. common to fair ;7.5o01o.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-12-07
Road Of PortabI. Sections.

Confronted by the task OF building a
highway over a desert Of constantly
shifting sands, which I'm few years
might cover and render useless a road
he'd Of macadam or concrete. the Cali
fornia highway commission has intro
duced a type OF paving which Is porta-
BILE. so that II can be easily moved TO
conform TO the changing topography
of the country. The Popular Mechanics
Magazine describes the paving. which
u made OF plank. built In sections
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-12-07

twelve feet long and eight reer Vile.
and hauled by wagons TO the points
where II Is needed. This unusual thor
oughfare extends six miles across
portion OF the desert lying between
Yuma, Ariz.. and Holtville, Cal. The
plank sections are built on 4 by g inch
stringers. The units were bound to-
gether by iron strips placed over rows
of spikes. one on either side and one
along the center of the road. Round
heated bolts running through the
planks and the stringers were used TO
hold the strips down. The latter. In
addition 10 joining the units together,
deep the spikes from working out.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-12-07
TRACKS FOR HIGHWAYS.
Too Little Of Surface In Use, says New
Works Secretary Of State.

Works Secretary Of State.
There Is an interesting parallel In
regard to road construction in this
country In the history Of railways,
says Francis NJ. Hugo, secretary OF
state Of New York. When at first To-
comotives and coaches were small light
iron rails lasted for quite time. being
considered sufficiently strong. But
when the demands OF traffic necessl-
tsted the use Of heavier rolling stock
and locomotives steel rails began to be
used until they have now entirely su-
perseded the old iron rails of some fif-
tyi years ago. Gradually also steel
rails have become heavier and heavier
In sections. until at present on some
Of the best railway systems sections
weighing over 100 pounds 10 the yard
are used. and II Is admitted that these
are none too heavy for the fast and
heavy trafiic which they have to bear.
Pursuing this. parallel, Il may be
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-12-07
COST OF BAD ROADS.

There Is no need Of discussing
the importance Of good roads.
They are essential to comforta-
BILE travel, to the economic pro-
duction and distribution of farm
products. to the development es-
pecially Of satisfactory rural
} schools and to the improvement
Of the social life Of the nation.
Bad roads are very expensive
} possessions. II Is estimated that
} 1t costs % cents under existing
} conditions to haul a ton a mile
on the average country road. and
only ID cents on a properly I'M
proved road. But this is not all
the story. The direct cost II
very great, and the indirect costs
are possibly even greater. With
bad roads the farmer Is COM
PEELED to haul when he should
be engaged In other activities,
while with good roads he can
plan his operations without ref
erence to the weather. The
states and the local units. as has
been intimated. have strikingly
recognized these truths by great
ly increasing their appropriations
and by devising better machin-
ery.-Secretary ID. f. Houston In
American Review Of Reviews.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-12-07
Write for this
embroidery outfit I!

A complete Ivorine Embroiderins Set! Eight
big transfer pattern sheets! los designs! Lee
con Book! All for only few centsl
This is an astonishing valued The Ivorine Set of
needle-case. stilleto, slwinder and finger guard is
worth 20 cents alonei
This transfer pattern outfit includes the newest
wear. baby garments. just the things you want to
embroiderl
The lesson book gives full instructions for So
different sttchesl II has, in addition many iusra
tons. 1t is the most helpful embroidery book
offered-so complete and practical.
Send now-don't delay.
For thirty days you can get this splendid big out
fit just by ordering pound package of Arbuckies
Coffee from your grocer. Then cut the signature
from the wrapper and send the signature together
with only 20 cents
The moment you get this complete outfit you will
realize why Arbuckles' premiums are famous for
their big value-why over a million women
ing Arbuckles' signatures This premium will be one
of the most popular ones-everyone will want il.
Decide now to have your outfit. Order Arbuckles'
Coffee today and send the signature with 20 cents
direct to Arbucke Bros. II Water Street, New York
Don't putt off, send to-day
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-12-07
Good Work In Tsxas

II is conseryatively estimated that
t10,O0O.OO0 was spent In good road
work IN Texas In 1915. The amount
will go far beyond that during 1915.
Il Is estimated
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1916-12-07

Things are so contrary In life"
"Indeed they are. find the more
I am run down the faster my doctors
bills run up."-Baltimore American.
Jackson County sentinel. (Gainesboro, Tenn.) 1914-current, 1916-12-15
DETROIT, MICH.
Hello; Mr., Editor,

Hello; Mr., Editor.
Here come again with a few items
for our dear old Jackson County paper.
II gives me great pleasure when get
in on Tuesdaysevening, and read the
news in and around my home town.
Hello: Free State, why don't you
drop in some news, would like to
know if you are all through gathering
corn.
]. D. Dudney and wife, Mr.. and
Mrs. j. w. McCoin took a trip last
Sunday to st. Clair Lake. We live
where we can see ships every day.
We can see anything but an angel.
]. d. Dudney and ]. w. McCoin are
still at ork with Morgan and Wright
Tire Co.
One man got his hand caught in q
cylinder and ground off about l0A. M.
then about 3;45 z. NJ. another one got
caught in the same cylinder and got
his hand cut off. One week latter two
got killed.
John Wimothis we'll satisfied max.
ing money.
i sew in the last issue that Uncle
David Lofts has departed this life.
Our sympathy is extended to the be-
reaved CUES. We can say he was .
good man.
l will close hoping to see this again.
L remain your friend.
j. d. Dudney.
Jackson County sentinel. (Gainesboro, Tenn.) 1914-current, 1916-12-15

sick, is improving.
Will Darwin, of Stone, was here
last week
Oliver johnson and sister, Miss Car.
RE and Misses Lora and Lizzie Whlta
ker are visiting at Chestnut Mound.
Mrs. T. M. Cason, of Route 2, and
Mrs. S. B. Gaines. of Whitleyville, WIS.,
tied their mother, Mrs Hogg last week.
Miss Estelle Gailbreath was the
guest of Dycus friends Thursday and
Friday.
Hugh Darwin went to Cookeviile
Saturday.
Miss Laura Norton has gone for an
extended visit in Nashville and Muir
freeshoro.
Mr.. and Mrs. Bonelle Belle. of Harris
vile, were here last week.
Sam Rogers was in Nashville last
week.
Mr.. and Mrs. B. M. Morgan, OF
Granville Route l, spent Sunday at the
johnson home.
Herbert Halle and wife spent Sum
day in Gainesboro.
Mrs. Sarah Gailbreath has returned
from an extended visit with her daugh.
ter Mrs. White Myres on Salt Lick.
Mrs. Lester Brown, of Bloomington,
visited relatives here.
Langford and West, carpenters from
Cookeville have just completed five
room bungalow for Hugh Darwin. 1t
is beauty.
Charlie jernigan was calling on our
merchants last week.
Our school will reopen Tuesday,
January 2, with II. Raggio Young as
principal, Mrs. Hubert Halle will have
charge of music department.
We believe our teachers second to
none in the county, and congratulate
the patrons on securing their services.
Jackson County sentinel. (Gainesboro, Tenn.) 1914-current, 1916-12-15
Flynns Lick

Lee Masters. formerly of this county
but now OF Portland. Oregon, was the
week end guest eff. N. johnson and
family
w. L Dixon was here Sunday.
DR.. Baugh and Herbert Halle were
in Nashville last week.
George d. johnson and sister, Miss
Virgie. were visitors in Whites Bend
Sunday.
Rev o. P Gentry filed bis regular
appointment at the d. E. church Sun
day.
Mrs. Hugh Darwin and Miss Blanche
Darwin spent Saturday night in Gains
boro. the guests Of Mrs. II. B. Reeves
Mrs. Addie Hogg, who has been yer,
Jackson County sentinel. (Gainesboro, Tenn.) 1914-current, 1916-12-15
M. E. CHURCH SOUTH.

Gainesboro LIST. Sunday IL; A. N.
and $50 P. n. and srd Sunday $50 P.
NJ.
Flyrn's Lick. End Sunday $50 P.
M. and 9Th Sunday IL; A. n.
Corrinth End Sunday IL; A. NJ. ant
9TH Sunday 2::S0 P. NJ.
Marsh. Chapel let Sunday $50 P. NJ
and Bird Sunday IL; A. NJ.
o. P. Gentry PASTOR
Jackson County sentinel. (Gainesboro, Tenn.) 1914-current, 1916-12-15
FOR GIRLS Little Girls, Big Girls and Little Babies

Hosiery Blankets Auto Robe Sweater Dress, Apron Coat Hat Ring
Gold CHAIN Coin Windsor Tie Handkerchief Mesh Bag Books Ted
dy Gloves Bonnet MILDLY Blouse Knit Hood and Cap Slippers Sew
Leather Scarf Hairs Bows Toilet Set Stationery Vanity
Tboggan WaterCoo Dolls Snug Wrap Toilet Chain,
Ring Bracelet Comforts Brush Comb Rubber Doll Rate Toy Ami
Character Dolls Pins Locket Books, Fanns
Blankets, Ribbon Rosees, Picture Books, Candy. Fruit
Jackson County sentinel. (Gainesboro, Tenn.) 1914-current, 1916-12-15

Gainesboro Chapter No. SIS R. A. M.
met in the Chapter room on Friday
December LIST 1916. when the following
officers were elected. for the ensuing
A. =
The Detroit times., 1916-09-11
Zach A. Chandler. 10 breckenridge.

Zach A. Chandler. 20 Breckenridge.
GIRLS
n 4 Hutchescn, 1871 Mt. Elliott;
Orny Simeck, al Eighteenth. Wlady-
slaw Patowska. 1918 Taruov, Charles
Wagner. David Lorency, Providence
hospital W illiam Buchanan. 7a4 Jos,
Campau John CzesZewska, 31s VIII
llams. william Lellich, Harper hospt-
tai. George Beadles. Harper hospital.
Amhros r. Rooms. 3+1 Waterman,
John l. Jorgensen. woman's hospi-
tai: Michael Grabowski. 756 Grsndy:
Ferdinand j Hunletman. 81 puffeld: /:
Ed Rail 3b6 Lafayette w, Chester
Orlowski. SOS Thirty-,hird: Tomasz
Pataszewski. 1913 Dane, John Sobota,
t55 Leland. Harvey n Spitzell. 1921
e Jefferson, Ton Stsrtek, 1855 june
tlon. Edgar BerEan. c99 Helen; Archie
r. Gardner. Samaritan hospital: JET
ferson L. Cannon. gas Michigan: Joe
Buccillato 4ST Lafayette f.. Harry
NJ Greinberg. Grace hospital branch;
Abraham Katz. 9ee Hastings; Samuel
Black. sci West Grand-blvd.: VIII
Ham ~ werling. 23s Porter. Arthur
r Frh. 6l2 Van Dyke; Jan Dxiwik.
ssi Orleans: Bronislaw Semik. sto-
pel-pl, Anthony Fuszkewyer, 17e+
Russell: Pill Kink. $40 Russell; Nor
man n. Teate, S5+ Grandy.