The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-06-14
EXPERT ON STEEL ADDRESSES ARMS
 WORKS FOREMEN
w. J. Kaup, Master Temper CT, Interests Remington
 Workers at Banquet

The foremen of the Remington Arms works turned up in force last night to welcome one who to many was an old friend in the person of W. J. Kaup, tempering expert of the Crucible Steel Co. MT. Kaup talked to them in the club room for nearly an hour on the all-important subject of tempering carbon and high speed steels, using a, blackboard in lieu of lantern slides to illustrate his points.
 Most of the men present had grown up in the steel business and the Iec- turer, talking to class of experts, had to delve pretty deeply into the mysteries and science of heat treat ment MT. Kaup was quite equal to his task which was no light one when it took the form at the end of a gruel- ling cross-examtnation. A foreman steel worker may be shy in asking questions at a lecture of general pulp lie interest, but when it comes to in tricate details affecting his own trade, he is nowhere if not thoroughly at home. It is not every day that he gets a chance to pick up information from a man of Kaup's experience and last night he made the most of his op- portuntty
 Steel, the lecturer explained, had just as much character as has a hu- man being and some steel just as lit- tie, and it did not take him long to demonstrate that there was no greater factQr in the earning of dividends than the simple little cutting tool Fortunes can be made and lost on it's efficiency. It was quite an easy mat ter, by proper treatment, to increase the efficiency of cutting tool so as to save one grind, per day This would mean an average saving in a shop employing 5000 machines of about $40 hours at a conservative es- innate. At 40 cents an hour, this represents $336 a day Estimating at 300 working days in the year, the saw ing to the manufacturer would be S100, ,oo0-a substantial dividend of it. self
 A point that MT. Kaup emphasized was the necessity of making tools of uniform quality so that all will do a like amount of work in an equally eff cient way. This was a point in which the workman was particularly inter- ested as\ we'll as the manufacturer, especially if the former was paid by the piece, because so much depends upon the mechanic knowing his tools. The most uniform of all steels was for a long time made in Sheffield, England, and Sheffield carbon steel became recognized standard. But | with the advance of science other steels came into popular vogue. MT. Kaup then took his audience through the process of the heat treating of
 
 varying efficiency of tools when hard ened at different degrees of heat and | explained the different temperatures to which steel should be drawn to produce desired cutting results. "At the present day." he said. there are great many different alloy steeIs used for different purposes but the basis of all good steel is Swedish iron or the substitute known as Amer | ican Swedish because it is well known l that not a ton of the genuine metal I has come over from Sweden for more | than a year. Into this iron are in- l jected all the necessary clements such as chromium tungsten, vanadium, | nickel, etc, to make alloy steel. The lecturer went on to explain l the various percentages of alloys used | and their relative results. He also l spoke of the way steel acts under 1 the influence of heat, the expansion and contraction and the effect of heat 1 on the structure of the metal. l He touched finally upon the relative values of different quenching baths 1 and an aIlusion to the tricks of the 1 trade created a round of merrime ent | when he told them what he knew many of them had done to achieve certain results when the foreman | wasn't looking.
 At the close of the lecture, tools l were produced and MT. Kaup ex- | plained how each particular one should be treated so as to produce de- 1 sired results. A hearty vote of thanks l was voted to MT. Kaup for one of the most interesting and instructive meet fngs held at the Forenen's club dur | ing the season.
 Before the lecture, the members
 were entertained by the company as
 usual at dinner, at which Messrs. Van
 Slythe, G. Palmer and John Calvin
 sang a, number of popular songs, ac- 1 companied by MT. Hannum on the piano.