davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-07
ROOT HOLDS OUT FOR
A Big FEDERAL ARMY
Points Out Danger Of Relying
on National Guard in
Time Of Invasion.
WOULD BAR ALL POLITICS

,
Tne danger vi re''i's >" u
U as a means OF detencc IN 'ime oi
INVASION instead OF providing for "a force
under the direct command of the Fed
eral Government was emphasized yester-
day by Elihu Root at the first business
meeting o, the committee appointed by
Gov. whitman to cooperate with the Ma
fiona, Security League for adequate de-
fence David Jayle hin. former Ann
bassador TO Germany. presided at the
ynee,irp. which WAS held ut the Hotel
Narhattan
NJ poo,.s remarks were called forth
~, ,ho .u.,.s,ion ~, Apsley Wilcox of
60 80, ao,nh..ts hc laid in tho
.S.a,.,..s Ill, a.. co,rp,i,,ac 20 nre-
80. ~. ,ha E,,ior,, ru,rd and the
49, -a,r,a.,,n. 4, rather than
80, 49,, ra..rv, und.r
-" !" So
&c, shat" s,hl NJ
w" "'' 80. w ~" ,,,
'oo, ~" 81, at,",a,,
can pe ilaue Wy "rn', c,rb
~ u,ue'"'', $50 ,,stn,
state. when .ooh Tor 'ne'r 'o,hi''so'
70 tor'v.''sW u"H''t"' 800 80
surrounded ny many po,,','a' W
huences. Ihe NatIonaI ''udrd mas uo"'
great service ana ~ oo'hs rVta' SerN,'e
~ Is the training scnoot OF tHoVS"'uS W
young men Ia the deience OF tH'ir '"u"-
try. hut II We visa To oFgi!'lZc SOM,
really great and effective system ol
defence 1t must he on some other basis
than the National Gudrd-t must p'
q strong Federal army.
The resolutions which the committee
discussed were drawn up by Col. Charles
r. leydecker of the National Guard.
II was decided to return the r"soIu-
tons to a committee for complete re-
vision before they are adopted ami sent
to the Legislator" and to other states
as an expression of the views Of the
New York committee.
Mr.. Root spok. IN favor OF n Of
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-07
WIRELESS AMATEURS UNITE.
Supreme Court .rants Inrorpora-
ttOn Ia National \ssociatiou.

The National Amateur Wireless Associ-
alton was Incorporated Yesterday. with
the approval Of supreme Court Justice
Ford, by Robert y. Miller Of the West
Side Y. VI G.. A.. Wheeler y. Soper
OF $50 West Eighty-tfth street Clay
ton +. clayton. Elmer Butcher tud
Richard Douglas.
Among IN" many stated objects are
the directing of experimental work IN
wireless biography AID telephony to
assist the Government iD s-cur'n the
registration of experienced tclegrlphers
to serve AS volunteers In times o: national
peril. to promote the orga ization OF
military signalling corps aud to super
wise the appointment of competent IN
structors for field service.
The organization also aims to aid
the Federal officials in enforcing the
radio communication laws OF the United
States. and to provide FOR the ~recog~i-
ton Of meritorious achievements by its
members.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-07
WOMEN'S CLUBS INVITED.
Member Of Organizations AsLed
10 Attend security COngrcss.

Special invitations have been sent 70
Women's organizations throughout the
country 10 send delegates TO the National
Security Congress. which will meet In
Washington January 20, and It is likely
that a number Of women will be- included
In the 1000 delegates h will leave this
city for Washington at half-past 8
o'clock on the morning Of that day. The
invitation to women says:
W must have the thought Of all our
citizens hent upon this difficulty before
we can achieve our end-which is a
sense of individual responsibility that
shall mean not preparedness for war,
but prevention of war"
Boa rd- OF trade. chambers Of com
mercr and clubs Of various sorts viii he
represented at the congress. as We'll as
defence and patriotic societies. rhlla-
delphia will send Loo delegates on a
special train.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-07
FEARS PREPAREDNESS
WILL GLORIFY MIGHT
DR.. Parks Says Z. $. Needs
Gods Spirit More-"Rc-
pcnt or PERISH

Tho ,e,r book Of -. Bartholomew
Parish for 1915 contains In the preface
written by the rector. the Rev. Ut.
Leighton Parks. "A frank analysts OF the
kind of preparedness he believes the ma.
.'on should consider IN the shadow OF
the European war. lie writes
Some of the wisest and nohlcst men
in this land arc calling upon the nation
to m ear lest ii perish. II may he mat
such preparation ~ they hav" IN milu
is necessary. lest We lose inc trust
that God has committed 10 W. Tor the
children yet unborn. But some oi uS
cannot SEQ that such preparation mas
prevented this calamity we had hoped
ma, This countr, would lead the y
INTO in. paths ~ peace. We fear lest
preparedness turn the hearts or the poo
ne TO trust in power and might wheh
what We need II Gods spirit.
I'VE need to repent. l. o, TO change
orr minds We a7c TOO hoas;ful. We
think that our smaituess can accom-
piish anything. Yet look at our elites
Graft in the city halls and MN ~ me
III paved streets. We say " Europe hih
government OF the people hy the people
and for the people this war could never
have been. | believe il IL true. bl'
the assumption that We have II, except
in theory ,and that believe Is better
than not having Il at ail'. is hardy
justified by our murder trials, tho laws
delays. the miscarriage Of justice, TIA"
mon bid se~ntimentalitN that shrluks frubl
the lust penalty for ~wroughniug.
" stand on Ia. border of q new
land. A land of promise, II land of uni
versal peace. and now our leaders toll
~ we must 60 back into tho desert. u
's sad. But !, may b" that :" oI,v can
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-07

Germany Is as large M Texas cach IN
about twice the size of Colorado Japan
Is about the size of California italy of
Nevada. and Portugal OF Indiana.
at will of necessity be conceded by
any one who admits that military force
is requisite at all that our present mill
tary force Is totally inadequate to meet
our responsibilities.
THE only other provision with respect
to military force IL the volunteer law.
Under 1t. after Congress has specified
the number Of men to be raised. the Ex-
ecutive may issue calls. make allotments
and set about recruiting, examining. en-
listing. clothing. arming. organizing. Of
iicering. sheltering. training and disri-
plining volunteers.
The chaos which a crisis always pro-
duces where preparations in advailce
have not been made make II certain
that several months would Of necessity
intervene after the outbreak of war te-
fore any considerable number of vol.
unteers would BE- ready to take their
training. and months OF training must
then ensue before they would be ready
To be sent into battle.' In addition "a
the personnel accumulated materlsl
must also have been prepared. for the
great lengths OF time must lie considered
which are necessary to produce II.
BEFORE the question can be taken up
Of the wise solution Of the problem.
we must. first, determine exactly what
the problem is that W. are seeking to
solve. There Is "A disposition upon the
part of sofne to assume that We are
facing a crisis n must Immediately
set about meeting II. This. however. In
my Judgment. In o the proper view
10 take. nor the proper procedure TO
he followed. In my view. the occasion
calls for the adoption OF a wise. sem
sib,e. adequate. military policy, on per-
manent lines and for definite ends.
For Mobile Force of 500 1000.
Not considering for the present the
situation outside 81 continental United
states. and combining ourselves thereto
and not considering the harbor defences
at the present time. there j. common
agreement among those who have
studied the subject intelligently tina, We
should have "A force OF 500. 900 men sub
ject to instant can. In addition. there
large numbers OF men available. by
reason Of previous service, for military
purposes.
"bur immediate problem. therefore,
seems to be how shall We meet these
requirements.
There can be no question that. from
the standpoint solely OF effectiveness.
nothing would - completely nice, the
of professional soldiers enlisted for "A
long period Of time and thoroughly
drilled, trained and disciplined. sut
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-07
GARRISON REPORT WARNS
CONGRESS TO GUARD u. S.
In Recommending a Mobile Force of 100000 Men
Secretary Declares Nations Existence May Depend
Upon What Is Done Now.

WAsHiNGroN. Jan. G.-Secretary Gar
House Committee on Military Affairs
declared that the time Ia ripe for Con-
gress so perform a service of the very
greatest Importance to the people OF
hts country by providing "a system Of
adequate military defence.
In recommending "A regular army OF
IA 900 men and "A continental army OF
400. 900 men Mr.. Garrison pointed out
thai the integrity OF the nation and
It's very existence may depend upon
what is being done IN the matter at
this time"
one OF the most striking points made
by the Secretary was chat while the
present total of the United States army
in this country. Alaska, the Philippine
Islands. china. Porto Rico, Hawaii and
the Canal Zone Is los. ?93. the area of
the continental United States alone. plus
Alaska, to be defended exceeds that Of
fourteen other nations, including virtu-
ally All the Powers nj war. rs 100 to
81.
- will Of necessity be conceded by
any one who admits that military force
: requisite at all that our present
military force IL totally Inadequate to
meet our responsibilities said the Sec
rotary.
MIR. Gsrrison's report in part follows
"The occasion is rip for this congress
to perform a service of the very great
est Importance to the people OF this
country. The attention of the people
has been directed toward the subject
matter. and is now concentrated upon
Il. one IT the fundamental reasons for
the adoption Of "A Constitution for the
Union was to provide for the common
defence. Proper measures have never
been taken to this end In time Of peace.
IT.. integrity Of the nation and Its very
existence may depend upon what is
lone ia this matter at this time
Il take At that the people have passed
be- ond the point OF requiring further
debate or reasons for the necessity for
such action. ! propose, with your per-
mission, to address myself now to the
question NJ tn" policy to be adopted.
Besides Continental United Sia'es. IN
Guiding Alaska. our military RESPONSE
hilltles embrace Porto Rico. the Panama
Canal. Hawaii. the Philippine Islands
and the small force making part of the
International guard Of the railroad from
T'entsin 20 pekln IN China. We have
determined and announced that the SOW
ereignty OF the other republics on this
hemisphere shall remain inviolable. and
must therefore at all times stand ready
to make good our position In this con-
ncct!cn.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-07

the expense would amount to hund reds
Of millions and the urkeep Of the force
after It was fully equipped. sheltered.
Differed and trained. would mean an
outlay approxiinating $500. 900. 900 .
year. And this without re gard to Keep
ing up fortifications and laying by the
necessary reserves Of material which II
is imperative should he done. | think
II is clear that from every standpoint
we can dismiss the suggestion that the
situation should be properly met by a
standing army of 100000 men con-
stantly under arms.
The next matter for consideration
therefore II what other military force
shall he provided for outside Of. and
In addition to. whatev r standing army
Is finally determined upon. The mind
naturally turns toward the existing or
ganized militia or National Guard In the
various States. The question that in
stantly comes to the mind Is whether u
Is possible and practicable to utilize this
force for the requisite national purpose.
At the present time this force consists
Of approximately l2s.O00 men and oTi-
GERS. and II would therefore be neces-
sary II II Is to be expanded to 400. 900
to add 81 900 men and officers.
III this policy should he attempted to
be adopted Congress would FIRST ave TO
require the States to raise and maintain
all Of these troops. Even II we assume
that Congress has such power under the
Constitution 1t is difficult to see how II
could make IL effective.
National Guard nm asset.
The National Guard. however. a. u
exists. Is a Federal asset. II is not only
disable for three purposes specified IN
the Constitution. but II is 80 cirrum-
stanced that N can volunteer for SER
yice in time of var and be taken in AS
IL exists that liz, each unit may come In
a. a unit. up to and including regimental
organizations. |. therefore. propose a
larg" addition To the Federal aid AK
tended to the National Guard. so that
the system may be operated to It's maxi
mum capacity and he available for the
Federal purposes specified. in It's most
effective condition.
But. in my judgment. i; has been
demonstrated that We may not solve our
problem by meeting the requirements in
the way OF men by either "A regular
standing army 81 tho requisite number
or by attempting to use the organized
militia as the other Federal force out
side OF the regular army. Many people
who think that this situation has been
successfully met in other places urge
the adoption Of the system in Use in
switzerland. or that In use IN Australia.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-07
Disposition Of Forces.

W have erected roas; defences. which
more properly termed are harbor de-
fences, Il various places in continental
United States and elsewhere. and have
stationed troops Of the different arms
Of IN. service in this country and In
the other places mentioned. At this time
we have a comhsitant force Of 76J Off
GERS and I4.ltS enlisted men Of cavalry
-. officers and 3.535 enlisted men o,
field artillery 1859 officers and 35,e3s
enlisted men ~ inflntry, exclusive o.
lN2 officers and 5.733 enlisted men q!
Philippine scouts. -? officers and 1874.
enlisted men Of engineers; 106 officers
and Lac enlisted men OF Signal Corps
and in addition thereto rs officers and
1903 enlisted men Of coast ARTILLERY,
These troops on ,Iunc 30 ultimo were
distributed as follows:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-07

way b~ack>becausc home with him mean,
only a park bench. He is an elccllr3r
but has been out OF work for so,or.,
months. He heard about the bread I'm,
wnNe he was hunting for a lot ~
Yonkers and ne walked to Prince street
to get something to eat.
.As ne went out Tom Merry 81 ,rsi
him Q coin. Gle yourself u cup vt COT.
fee to 20 with that loaf" he sad.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-07
FIGHTS CASSIDY'S PAROLE.
CrOpsey Gets Restraining Order
Applicant To WiIiett Too.

ALBANY, Jan. 6.-District Attorney
Cropsey Of Kings county to-day secured
an order from Justice Whitmyer N Hud-
son Falls restraining the state Parole
Board from paroling Joe Cassidy and ex-
CONGRESSMAN Willett
Both men hav" served their minimum
term and are ready to pay fines Of 81 600
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-07

Neither Austria-Huugary, France nor
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-07

G~uAyAouIr, Ecuador, Jan. 6. HEALTH
reports show that during the last wear
there were 326 cases Of the huhouic
in Ecuador. pf thcs, 100 eudesl
in death. BESIDES there were nineteen
yellow fever cases, of which eleven
terminated fatally.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-07
Continental Army.

For convenience OF designation this
force has been called the Continental
army. but In fact II is "A system OF Fed
er3l volunteers. raised, organized.
equipped and trained in time OF peace.
There is absolutely nothing new in this
suggestion. a. II has been a result
reached and expressed by the very best
military authorities this country has pro-
duCea.
we now come to the question OF how
large a standing army should. under the
circumstances, be maintained. II was
worked out for me that tho units Of the
regular army ag%gregatlng about 10000
of mobile troops and about 10000 81
coast artillery troops in continental
United States would be sufficient for this
purpose under normal conditions. In ad-
dition IT would not be necessary to shell
te' such q force TO engage at this time
in any further construction OF barracks
and quarters. The Adjutant-,;eneral be-
lieves that he could recruit such a force.
hut could not recruit a larger ono. The
expense Is within proper figures for such
a force.
81 therefore recommend the creation in
two equal annual inCrements of ten regi-
inents Of infantry. four regiments of field
artillery. hfty-two companies of coast
artillery. fifteen companies of engineers
and four aero squadrons. which added to
our present force and increased by the
auxiliary and attendant duartermaster
corps. hospital corps. ordnance troops.
&C., would make our total enlisted force
l3t,7o1 men. together with 1856 OFF,
GERS"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-07

"Sinc this matter of area In CONT
mental United States enters into many
other phases Of the problem besides
transportation, 1t is useful To state the
following facts in connection therein
II you consider the area Of the United
States. including Alaska. a. 100 per
cent, the combined areas Of al the fol-
owing countries are hut ~ per cent
thereof, The area Of each, expressed
as a percentage. Is also included
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-07
WALKS MILES FOR FREE LOAF.
Jobicss Man Tramps From Yonkers
to Bread Line Here.

One man walked all the way from
Yonkers yesterday to get a loaf n bread
AT THE IT, free bread depot In Prince
street. He did nt have to walk all the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-01-07

There Is. unfortunately. very little ac-
curate knowledge among many who dis
cuss this matter concerning the details
and what liz involved in the adoption
thereof.
I'm this country II Is not believed
practicable at this time to found n mill
tary policy upon either of the two es-
sential bases of the systems just de-
scribed. The national Government has
no Jurisdiction over the public school
systems OF the various states. A o m
stltutional amendment would be required
to give II IN such Jurisdiction, How
ever rational such conclusion may be,
and however inevitable II may he
thought that the people will eventually
reach such a conclusion. IL is futile TO
found II policy upon any such requi-
site at this time. n there is not reason
able hope to expect that it will receive
the approval of the people at this time.
ut Ia. therefore,, proposed to raise
400. 900 men, embracing the various arms
of the service. In annual %increinents of
133. 200 each. The country would be
divided up into districts. and each dis
trict would be called upon for its pro-
portionate quota. II the 400 Congress
sional districts are taken rs n basis
333 men would he required annually
from each such district. The men would
enlist for three years with the colors
and three years on urlough.
During the time OF their service with
the colors they would be subjected to
military training. They would be armed,
equipped n differed. Their training
would be one by the officers and men
NJ the regular army organizations units
of which similar to those TO be trained.
being gent to work with each such unit.
They would bc paid during the time OF
their service Ci the ann basis as the
regular army is paid.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-04-07
Point of Beauty Which All Women
Should Do Their Very Utmost
to Attain.

1t is said by physiognomists the
mouth is the feature which most truly
expresses the character. Mouths have
won more men for women than any
other feature. A man when away may.
forget the glance of an eye, the shape
of the face but some expression of the
mouth still remains with him perma-
nently.
Many women who have no other
good feature seem to be beautiful be,
cause the mouth is bewitchingly at
tractive, and tells of soul that is
big and fine. 1t is an easy matter for
us to do for the mouth what nature
did not do. Of course, we cannot
change the marking of the mouth, but
we can change the lines about it. No
mouth, no matter how beautiful it's
contour, is attractive if it pulls down
or remains immOvable in tight
straight lines
The mouth is the most mobile Of
all our features. 1t is claimed that
those who talk, sing and laugh fire.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-04-07
DESIGNERS HAVE SENT OVER
MANY PRETTY THINGS.
New Coats Have Touches That Give
Them Distinction-Soft BroadcIoth
May Be Brought Back
Into Fashion.

The new coats which have arrived
here seem to indicate that number
of the designers have taken up the
idea of fastening the coat at the col
larbone and at the waist line. When
the coat is single-breasted the blouse
usually shows through the opening,
which naturally occurs between the
two widely spaced buttons. If a wom-
an does not like this, however, it is
better to give enough width to the
under front piece to hide the blouse.
Although there are high, rolling
collars at the back of many of the
new jackets, there are also revers that
run down to the chest and sometimes
further.
Here and there one sees in the new
gowns some remarkably lovely mate
rails which we will not be able to
duplicate in this country. Barring
these, there is lack of new materials,
and it is probable that this season
our dressmakers will not encounter
one of their most serious obstacles in
copying French models, which is the
inability to secure enough of the ma
terial in the original gown.
This is the reason that your dress
maker may have persuaded you in
the past to have your French model
copied in another color and fabric;
you we're not aware that she could not
get the original material in this coun-
try and that she had not ordered
enough of it from France to satisfy
the demands of her patrons.
Serge, gaberdine and all manner OF
silk supply the needs of the dress,
making world this spring, but Jenny
Bernard and other houses may bring
soft broadcloth back into fashion
through their sponsorship of it. One
does not usually think of broadcloth
as a spring fabric, but the present
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-04-07
New German Aircraft.

Details regarding Teuton hydro
aeroplane which fell into the hands
of the Russians in the Riga region
are of unusual interest in that they
disclose the thoroughness with which
German air craft are finished and
equipped. To quote from the report
of the Morning Post correspondent at
Petrograd: All the necessary mani
pulating parts Of the machinery are
made luminous at night with radium
composition. There is a special newly
invented lever to facilitate handling
the plane in darkness, and special
compass, and seats are provided for
three. The hydroaeroplane carries a
searchlight, maxim, and rife, with
an adequate supply of ammunition,
and the bombs, five on each side, OF
ten pounds weight apiece"
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-04-07
Frivolous CapeS

The neat, but inconsequential little
shoulder cape has now become an ar
ticle of clothing by itself. 1t is black
or dark blue, and occasionally of
brighter color. Three deep rufiles Of
taffeta, which bring it just over the
shoulder, are it's usual mode of being,
but many variations are exhibited
Sometimes the ruffles and outstanding
ruffie of collar are divided at the
back and in one case the little cape
is made with diminutive sleeves, also
finished with ruffle. The high, far
ing collar of one cape is made with a
narrow, pointed yoke, and the frills,
instead of being of the taffeta, are Of
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1916-04-07
Black Lingerie

While black corsets are not so un.
usual as to cause one to exclaim, the
fact that there is a demand for whole
sets of lingerie in black is astonishing.
1t is said that anything in the lingerie
line can be now had in this somber
hue, and when it is considered that
many of the modish frocks are of
transparent material, it seems reason
able, at least, that the brassiere and
the corset, too, for that matter, should
be fashioned of black material.