davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1916-08-08
BREAD TO STAY
AT FIVE CENTS
While Some Bakers Are Anxious t.
Boost Price, Others See no Oc-
casfon for Il.

NEW YORK, Aug. s.-The in
creased cost of flour. lard and labor,
is given by New York bakers as ample
reason for either the reduction in
weight or the raising in price Of the
ordinary FIVE cent loaf of bread.
Everything that is used in making
bread and the cost of labor as well.
has gone up" said G. e. Abbott, OF
the Abbott bakeries. "The size of
the loaf must be reduced or the price
increased"
Wants to Boost.
CHICAGO, Aug. S.-"Increasing
the price of bread appeals to bakers
no more than it does to the consumer
There is only one answer and that is
ten cent bread" said Paul Schulze
of the Schulze Baking companies
here today. 1--WE can make a. profit
on the. big loaves at ten cents, but not
on the small ones at five cents.
No Increase Talk.
PHILADELPHIA, Pa, Aug. s.-H
there is any contemplated increase In
the price Of bread to ten cents, it Is
news to the bakers In this city.
| Will Not Raise.
CLEVELAND, Ohio, Aug. S.-There
is no likelihood of five cent bread be
ing raised to ten cents here. THE
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1916-08-08
SEEING THINGS
ALONG THE COAST
I
After Man Reports Seeing a
Submarine, Next Fellow
Says He Saw Two
of Them.
D.
WATCHING ALL NIGHT
Entire New England Coast Is on the
tho Lookout for Y Boat to
Mako an Appear
WATCHING ALL NIGHT

BOSTON, Mass, Aug. S-After an
all night vigil by watchers along the
coast from East Port to Boston, the
anticipated arrival Of another German
merchant submarine failed to mater
ialize early today. Following the re-
port of Lowell W. Dunn, lookout at
Cross island, that he hal observed
two submarines rise to the surface
and then submerge again, the entire
coast Of New England was stirred to
watchfulness.
1t was expected that, II Dunn's re-
port was true, the mysterious craft
would have been seen again or turned
into a port along the Maine coast
before dawn today.
Both the Portsmouth and Charles.
town navy yards were insistent that
no United States submarines were in
Maine waters and higi Official of
the Fore River ship yards declared
that there were no British subma-
rines in the Canadian waters that
might stray down the Maine coast.
Bremen Not Coming.
BERNE, Aug. 8.-The Berlin Tage
blatt announces that the German sub
marine Bremen which was to have
arrived at an American port, has beer
sunk through an accident to her ma
chinery. according to dispatch re
ceived here this afternoon.
Possibly True.
BALTIMORE. Md, Aug. 8.-When
shown the dispatch from Berne to
day, stating the super submarine
Bremen, sister ship Of the Deutsch-
land had been sunk, Henry H. Hill
ken, head Of the Eastern Forwarding
company, local agents of the sub-sea
line here, said the report is possibly
true"
Hilken said local agents Of the
undersea line had no knowledge wE~7l
the Bremen had sailed for America
nor had they received am word from
her since sailing.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1916-08-08

Continued on page 2,
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1916-08-08

CONTINUED on page p
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1916-08-08
Wants to Boost.
No Increase Talk.
Will Not Raise.

CIwE. land, Ohio, Aug. S.-There
is no likelihood of five cent bread be-
ing raised to ten cents here. The
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1916-08-08

CONTINUED on page ~
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1916-08-08

tContinucd on page p
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1916-08-08
TIE WEATHER

Fair and warmer. Local temp
- p. m. Il; Z a. m. 73.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1916-08-08

The Telegraph service Of The
Daily Gate City and Constitu-
t;on- Democrat il received over
our own leased wire.
, 1916-10-11
Censored at Jumaica.)

Paris, Oct. 7th.-The French troops on
the Macedonian front have joined the often
sive with the British and Serbians. The
War Office reported the occupation by the
French of the town Of Gerna on Like Pres
ba. The Serbians, continuing their advance
north of Kaimakcalan heights, have reached
the valley of the Belavoda, a tributary of the
Gerna. The British tr ops which crossed
the Struma aud occupied Nevolyen, have
repulsed a violent counter attack of the
Bulgarians.
Petrograd, Oct. 7th.--General Brusiloff's
operation on the Russian southwestern front
has developed into efforts to pierce the
Austro-G German line at two points, namely {:
before Vladimir-V olynski, the northern ex-
tremity of the recent advance, and imme-
diately south of the Dniester where he has
gained some ground in the vicinity OF Bogo-
rodcsan on the Bystri!za river. At these
points the battlesRhave reached he greatest
Intensity during the last few days, although
at various intermediate points attacks and
counter attacks have been reported from time
to time. According to the most recent
, 1916-10-11
Censored at Jamaica.

Boston, Oct. 8th.-A German submarine
sank the British freighter "Strathdene eff
Nantucket at SOC y. No.. to-day. The crew
is on board the "Nantucket" lightship.
New Port, r. I. 8th.-The toipedo.boas
destroyer "Balch" reported officially to the
Naval Station here by radio tonight, 'hat
the British steamer "Stephano" has been
torpedoed and sunk off Nantucket. Her
crew are reported safe aboard the "Balch".
The "Stephano' belonged to she Red Cross
Line Fleet of the New Yo:k Newfoundland
md Halifax S. S. Co, Ltd. and sailed from
Halifax for New York on Friday.
New York, r. I. Oct. 8th,-The British
steamship kingston has been sunk, the
crew of which were saved by an American
destroyer.
London, Oct. 7th.-A German attack on
British positions near EaucoErt LAbbaye
on the Somme front was repulsed last night,
the War Office announced to-day. The State
ment says 'last night a hostile bombing as-
, 1916-10-11

official a,lvices The centre OF the R'sslhn
att lcks in the northern sectors / along tbe
utz-VIadinir- V1lyu,ki road in the nFlSh-
bourhood of ZIturze on ~ front extending
from 6 to s miles south Of that town. Bon
combatants concentrated enormous FORCES,
and the fighting is described rs desp5rate
as any hitherto during the recent otten|lv''
LondJ Oct. 7th.-According to the DAILY
Express, the British Government through
the American Embassy has made represent
tatiou5 to Germany on behalf OF the two
captured British avlatOrS who are to DO
tried by court martial because truoer bullets
were found in their possession. The Gov
erumant explained That tracer bullets are u.s.
ell by all beiligerents as machine-gun am-
muultion tor the purpose Of correcting the
gurrperS aim aud do not cOptravtne the HAg-
ne. Convention. After saying that Great
Britain told Germany that tracer bullets
were found aboard the zeppelin whose crew
surrendered recently in EnSllnd the Ex-
press adde." It is hoped that the Govern
ment made, it clenr to Germany that the
crew of this Zeppelin will BE- treated in pre-
cisely the sane menner us our airlneu."
Paris, Oct. 7th-The lull continues on
the Somme front. Today's official announce
meut says, the night passed quietly all along
the bal tie line in France.
London, Oct. 7th-A despatch to the
"Daily Chronicle" from Milan says. "The
Vatican communicates a despatch from
Hlvre which says the celebrated dominican
friar and Preacher p r Nuygens OF Ghont
was condemned by a German Court Mar
ti0l to ten years Imprisonment with hard
labour as the sequel TO u patfiotic discourse
recently delivered 10 that town.
Boston, Oct. 7 h-World series baseball
First game. Boston 6, Brooklyn 5,
Dominica, Oct. 7th-Foilowing from
Washington. Disturbance noon apparently
short distance west of D. minica. Caution
vessels sailing that direction.
, 1916-10-11
Censored at JamaicNl

Nav Port, Oct. 8th.-German sub marine
u SO arrived here yesterday afternoon. An
nounced had "a message to deliver and would
lenve at once. Regular warship. Guns
mounted.
Boston, Oct. 8th.-British steamer West
Point WAS fred on by a submarine,s said to be
the u. So. which left New Port yesie day.
SOS. call from steamer Wos! Point was re-
ceived at The B5stou Navy Yard with q hu'y
up call for Immediate help. The message
declared the steamer to be getting DO ts
ready and asking tor a cutter to be sent ouE.
London, Oct. 8th-Two American ships
are sunk, the "Harvite'' and "Uolumb""H"
according to Norwegian Minister III Po;fo-
grad. Accurate information not yet obtain
able.
New Port, tb.-Amerioan stepmer "Ktn-
SEN from New York to Bosom held 10y u
submarine nj 5 3 this incoming and was laier
allowed to proceed.
Loudon, Oct. 8~th.-British take village
of Snrs in u general advance Of from 900 10
1000 yards between Gueudecourt aud tho
Lesboeufs on the Somme front today work
cd in conjunction with the French on the
Albert-Bapaume road.
NEWPORT, News, Oct. 8th.-Steamer An
tilla reported on fire 80 miles IF Virginia
Cape. Crew and passengers have taken to
life boats. Other steamer on way to rescue.
st. Kits, s h.-Following from Washing
ton. Report from San Juan missing but dts-
tutbance this morning apparently c%entfnl
east of and near PortoRico moving northwest
or north.
, 1916-10-11

neutral flags, according TO al announcement
made here today. They were the British
steamer Isle of Hastings of 1875 tons. the
Greek steamer Samos OF 1916 tons, aud the
Norwegian steamship Cedric of 1,125 tons
Berlin, Oct. 6th-(Via wireless to Say
ville)-The British armoured motorcars
which were used for the first time in the
general advance GU the Somme last month
are a failure, the Overseas News AGENCY
says. One of the tanks built in Norfolk,
England. became hopeles>ly entangled in
bnrbedwire'', "Another tank was disabled
by one shell while advancing at n point north
of Flers. The ammunition which it contained
exploded, and it burned up. Two other tanks
we're utilized in an attack ut seven o. N. on
Sept. 18th on the Guillemont-Combles road.
Que of them was blown up by Il hand gren-
ade, when it appr ached 10 within thirty
yards of the German trenches. At the last
moment it's pants despatched a carrier
pigeon from this modern Noahs Ark. Six
machine-g guns were captured 10y the Ger
mans The other tank crawled to the sonth-
ern edge Of Leuze Wood and WAS burned
up. DULY one of these landcruisers sue
ceeded in crossing destroyed German
trenches. This one was annihilated by a
shell Oh the road to Ligny-1hilIoy. The
DlltlSD IuOOuo6G Will SOU U6 COnpOS6Q VI
nothing but wrecks.
ST. Thomas, Oct. 7th-Ris Excellency
Governor Konow landed at the Kings Wharf
from the Cruiser ''Valkyrien" at 5 p. m.
yesterday. A guard of marines from the
cruiser and a squad of Gendarmes md men
from the police force furnished the Military
Honours. Upon landing he was received by
Vice Governor BaumaDn and under salutes
from the ship and fort. The Chairman Of
the Colonial Council welcomed His Ex-
cellency with a few words to which the
Governor fttingly responded and after
shaking hands with all the officials and
gentlemen of the town who had assem-
bled to receive him, he drove to Govern
ment House.
10 q. m.
Barbados, bor. 3O.O5, S.. cloudy.
Dominica, bar. 20. "a, calm, rainy.
St. Kits, " 1892, e. N. e, cloudy.
st. Vincent, LAO u. IN. Weather rairy
wind, south with rough sea, Bar. 800
falling.
Dominica, 7th. LIS p. m. Bar. 1914 south,
rainy, Choppy sea. Following from Wash
ington, esigua disturbance near Dominica.
Antigua. 7th. 1.3O p. m. Bar. 1888 E. N.
E. rainy.
St Vincent, 7th, 4 Is p. m.-Weather con-
tinues unsettled. Schooners m uriel" and
"Gooding" and two mall sloops on shore.
Sea running very high.
st. kits. Oct. 9Th. Following from Wash
ington, dated 9TH: "rropical disturbance
4 p. M. apparently central south of and near
ST. kits, moving north west. Intensity
unknown. Caution still advised.
10 q. m.
Barbados, bar. BOOT, s. E., fair.
Dominica, " 1885, S. E., cloudy.
O. T;It H 90 % . ot0,lr
4. pm.
Barbados, bar. 29.99, s, cloudy.
Dominica, /" 29.74, s.. E., RAIN.
It. Kits. bar. 29.78, EN.E, cloudy.
October, 9th. 10 a. M.
Barbados, bar. 3O.O6, S. e. fair,
Dominica, " 1882, S. E. direct wind.
st. Kits, " 29.74, S.. o., rain, heavy
sea.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-07-09
And Why We Distrust It
Courtesy of "THE NEW REPUBLIC"

tranquility, provide for the common defence"
and promote the geeral welfare But we
built on distrust; We built on ideals of weak
ness. We have reared on this foundation a
colossal structure of wastefuness. With all
this we have a sense of insecurity that ex-
presses itself in a demand for preparedness.
But to what end may we prepare so long as
we worship our old political idols?
This distrust of government expressed itself
in our political philosophy in what is known
as laissez fare; and in constitutions the fun
damental purpose of which was to insure
weakness-so that those in authority may do
no harm. While the people thoroughly dis
trusted the government, those who framed our
constitutions distrusted the people It has
been this distrust of the people which found
expression in our original governmental plan
"a fact that has been lost sight of-that now
brings US face to face with condition that is
causing the people to think-to appreciate the
fact that we have developed under our consti-
tutions an irresponsible autocracy instead of
responsible representative democracy.
Other great nations have developed the rep
resentative principle without reducing the ex-
ecutive to position of weakness and ire
ponsibiity-without doing violence to the
ideal Of democracy, that the government
shall be responsive to the people They have
done this by trusting the people-by providing
means whereby the executive may appeal to
the people whenever in his opinion the repre-
resentative body no longer EXPRESS the will
OF majority on proposals bfore them, which
must await their approval before the execu-
tive has power to 90 ahead. They have done
this by needing that prophetic statement of
Montesquieu: Were the executive power not
to have right Of putting a stop to encroach-
ment of the legislative body, the latter would
become despotic, for it might arrogate to itself
what authority it pleased; it would destroy
all other powers"
The one thing necessary to protect the peo-
pie against the Entertainments of the legis
lature has been left out of our constitutions.
and we have not incorporated it in our pro-
cedure because the trainers of our constitutions
distrusted the people. They not only did not
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-07-09

~HE problem which now lays first claim
on American craftsmanship is the
IL maintenance Of. our national ideals in
a world Of conhictin cations. American ma
tiona ideals insist on government for the
benefit of the governed as interpreted by a
numerical majority of citizen voters The
maintenance of these ideals requires that the
government shall be efiicient-not only thai
the government shall be controlled by the
expressed wishes of majority, but that the
nation possessing these ideals shall be able to
command and use it's wealth OF human forces
and material resources for the welfare of the
people and, in case Of need, TO resist any
attack from without. To command its human
forces the government must have the conf
dence of the people To use its human forces
and material resources effectively the govern
ment must be capable and honest; it must be
organized and managed in such manner as to
make efficient action practicable.
None of these results has been attained.
Our government is not trusted; our govern
ment has not developed expertness in organ
ization and management. There is an awak-
ening among the people due to a national con-
SclOuSneSS OF unprepdreuNtSS. DcAoie anna
ments and war materials may be effectively
used 1t is necessary TO develop spiritual and
social background that will cause citizens TO
enlist in a national cause-enlist with enthu-
siaSm and with full confidence that their en-
thusiasm will be directed and used with such
ability that our engines of war may speak de-
fance TO any organized force that may seek
TO violate our territorial rights.
Is this not fit time for us to inquire why
our government is distrusted--why we have
not developed experiences in the conduct Of
pumlic affairs?
Some of the concrete facts which stare us
in the face are these:
Although have been spending hundreds Of millions
Of dollars each year equipment 81
IN equipped for defence tina, put 10 II find
the means protecting Mexican border against in
vAson by struggling bands Of organized outlaws al
though using practically all Of available mill
tsry force for this purpose
Our army posts have been scattered about in con-
yressonaI distrets-nct because Of their value for de-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-07-09

trust the people to vote for the chief execu-
tive or for Senators, what has been a more
serious defect, they denied the executive the
right to appeal directly TO the people when the
legislature refused to support him on proposals
that might think to be in the interest of gen.
eral welfare, as distinguished from the inter-
ests OF local constituencies represented by
members Of the legislature.
Since the initial establishment Of our politi.
cal institutions on a foundation of ,distrust Of
the government by the people and distrust Of
the people by our constitution makers, we have
gone from bad TO worse. Without constitu-
tlonal powers of control over the administra-
ton, without powers to initiate measures
which he might deem to be essential to the
public good and essential to wise administra-
ton, the President or the Governor as the
nominal chief executive is held by the people
to be responsible for everything that goes
wrong.
When the government does things that the
people do not like they demand sacrifice, and
the executive serves this purely negative, ex-
pative purpose. The executive has no means
vi AieS1iiS opposition openly ana publicly. io
has no means of making an open appeal d.
rectly to the people, and in this situation the
legislature has steadily encroached on the adj
minStraton-thc result being that the gov
eminent has been still further weakened by
added inhibitons and limitations of power until
to-day our constitutions are largely made up
Of negative provisions. Our institutions are
logical product of the worship of weakness
a eorollary of increasing distrust of the gov
eminent by the people and of distrust Of the
people by our constitution makers. lrrespon'
sibility ineficiency wastefulness, log rolling
and pork barrel" methods of satisfying local
constituencies, and invisible government
these are the products of an underlying funda'
mental error in not goving 10 the executive re-
sponsibility which goes hand in hand with
representative system of enforcing aceounta'
bility through open public inquiry and crlti'
cism, and through the right of representatives
to withhold support from the executive un"i
he has satisfied majority that he is emitted
to the continued confidence of the people.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-07-09

laugh at him behind his back. When he
gives an order they either postpone its
execution on some preteXt or other until
it is too late to do anything or else fol-
low some other plan and then explain
blandly that there was misunderstand-
ing. The Emperor never realizes that
he is being "kidded;" though. His colos
sal egotism prevents that.
He believes himself a great command
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-07-09
This Democracy of Ours
Bv FREDERICK A. CLEVELAND

fence the training Of men, but TO help congressman
get votes.
Our navy yards have been located strateric points
for vote getting in many instances being i'll adapted
for the purposes Of their establishment that naval oscers
themselves have urged their abandonment
OF the hundreds Of millions Of dollars appropriated
from the public for the development of river
and harbor improvements and other transportation "a
cities not one-ha has been than wasted
many Of these expenditures being authorized purely
for purposes Of getting through putting moneys IN
circulation in the localities of members Of the appro-
priatng body
Hundreds Of millions Of dollars have been appropriated
for public buildings not because Of economies 10 be
effected or convenience to be added for the public good
but simply part Of process Of partisan and per
sonal bargaining.
Public health services have been developed in five diff
ferent administrative departments of the national gov
eminent in than dozen different unco-ordinated
Jurisdictions not because this is the best TO
tcct the health Of the people but because 1t best serves
tho Of those who must giye an account Of them
selves to local constituencies.
Institutions and other for the and educa-
ton Of the defective. dependent and delinquent are put
under six different federal departments, not pursuant
T., any well considered welfare plan but for personal.
partisan and accidental reasons.
Provisions are made for the regulation OF commerce
and banking in hit-or-miss fashion and are uneo-
ordnaed with provisions for the promotion Of trading,
manufacturing mining and agriculture
This weakness and wastefulness in our gov
ornamental agencies, national. state and mu-
nicipal. constitute condition that cries out
for remedy-that causes the people not alone
TO lose confidence in those who have been
chosen to conduct their common business but
to doubt our republican institutions. Instead
of our common business being conducted as
great public trust, our whole political fabric
is honeycombed by distrust Congress dis
trusts the President; the President distrusts
Congress; state legislators distrust governors
and governors distrust legislators; local coun-
ellis distrust local executives. and vice versa;
and the people distrust everybody and every
thing political or governmental.
Our first consciousness of nationality was
the outgrowth Of a well earned distrust of ex-
ecutive power that ripened into a successful
revolution against an existing irresponsible
foreign autocrat. We emerged from a dis
ing war of eight years with national indie
pendence-and with people united in distrust
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-07-09

er, and considers his judgment, both in
military matters and in regard to in
dividuals, infallible. AS a matter of
fact, most of his particular favorites
among the generals who were in COM
mand at the outbreak of the war had to
be superseded. The General Staff al
lowed these men to retain their places so
long as no state of war existed, but when
the actual fighting began the incompe-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-07-09

tents had to go-Kaiser or no Kaiser.
Nevertheless, the Emperor still con-
tinues to criticise freely, and has caused
the retirement of more than one deserv-
ing officer. He was one Of the foremost
to declare Won Hindenburg insane when
that general insisted on his plan for lur-
ing the Russian army into the marshes
of the Mazurian Lake district. Now
that Hindenburg's military genius has
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-07-09

Prince will get the credit. Should the
attempt fail, the blame will be shifted
TO the shoulders of the poor devil Of
general because he failed to carry out
his royal highnesss orders In either
case the civilian population will retain
their touching faith in the Crown Prince
who never even goes near the firing
line.
The officers of the Kaisers own staff