davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1916-08-23
A DRY DILEMMA.
Just what Does the Increase In Rev
enue From Liquor Signify?

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sh: When
the report OF the commissioner for the
fiscal year 1915 showed a falling on In
the receipts from taxes on alcoholic bev-
the fact was seized upon by the
prohibitionists as proof that prohibition
was beginning to prohibit.
The report OF the commissioner for the
fiscal year 1916 shows that although
statewide prohibition laws went Into
effect on January 1. 1915. In the states
of Arkansas. Colorado. Idaho. Iowa.
oregon. South Carolina and Washing
ton. with a total population OF a.00O,O 900.
there has been an Increase Of S23 900 900
in the taxes paid Of distilled and fer
mented liquors.
IL prohibition was the cause OF the
decline In the receipts from liquor taxes
In 1915. was the addition OF 100000
population to prohibition territory the
cause of the increase in 1916?
The prohibitionists may reply that the
increased consumption OF liquors was due
20 the greater prosperity Of the country
during the past fiscal year This is
doubtless true, but what becomes Of their
last years argument. that the decrease
In liquor taxes was not due to the bust
rcss and industrial depression OF 1914
1915. but TO the spread OF prohibition in
various States? IL. l..
NEW YORK. August 81.
The sun., 1916-08-23

CENT RADroRD, the American explorer,
and his companion, GEORGE STREET, a
Canadian. Peaceful Eskimos living
along the coast warned the Inspector
and his assistants that an attempt to
60 inland would mean death. They
told Of the murder by this tribe Of two
p%rospectors whom they had mistaken
for police. There would be almost n
thousand Of the tribe sworn to resist
the arrest Of any one OF their number
against the three or four men that the
inspector could muster. TEPALuC, the
guide Of RADroRD and STREET, could
not he persuaded to return to the land
Of the murdeprs. and no members Of
any ne~ighboring tribe could be In.
duced to undertake such a hazardous
journey.
The story Of those three years Of
search in the Arctic cold, Of trailing
by dog sledges and snowshocs. bat
thing a way through storms. across
barren blizzard swept wastes and
among II murdcrous hostile people, IL
ever told, would he an absorbingly
interesting narrative Of adventure.
Three years is n long time for such n
continuous struggle against obstacles {;
no weakling could finally have brought
out his men
The sun., 1916-08-23
Denevolence OF the Packing Trade.

The benevolent meat packers who.
In their generosity, have been per-
hitting the public to buy the paper
wrappings Of their products Mt the
rate Of 30 cents a pound. have been
thwarted In their liberallty by tho
United States courts, which have held
that they shall no longer sell wood
pulp ut the price Of ham.
Thus the crude and unimaginative
processes OF the law interrupt the
poetical practices of these national
benefactors and attempt to reduce
them to the level Of mere vendors Of
foOdstuYs, n plane on which, accord
ing to their own testimony, the mag
nitude Of their transactions and In
genuity Of their processes make 1t
distasteful for them to stand.
1t is cause for rejoicing that these
philanthropists, exercising the keen
sense Of propriety and instinct for
popularity that have always been
characteristic Of their conduct. are
to appeal for protection to the higher
courts; and they must he aware Of
the degree OF interest with which Il
public composed almost exclusively Of
ultimate consumers will watch the
progress OF their efforts to reestab-
lish their privilege of selling waste
paper ut the price Of cured meat.
The sun., 1916-08-23
SHOULD THERE BE A PUBLIC DEFENDER
FOR THOSE ACCUSED OF CRIME?
The Homicide Record and Tale Of Executions do Not Indicate That H..
Office Is Necessary.

year old or less. ON these IL I,pot,r,
English and Welsh murders. -; r,iso,.
we're brought to trial FOR murder there
were 2S convictions and death sc' ,nres
IS executions, IL combinations TO pcnsi
servitude for life; . accused were 'ougd
insane on arraignment; - were found
guilty but insane II were acquitted.
In 1918 there were I5i mauslansh,er,
reported to the English and Welsh police
(page 49,. on which 1876 persons we,e
brought to trial, on which trials there
were SO convictions and sentences
tpage 26).
In 1914 the number OF murders and
m~anslaughters reported TO the police O.
England and Wales is no, given: =,
persons were brought to trial for mur.
der; 20 were convicted of murder and
sentenced to death II were executed
the sentences of $ were committed T.,
penal servitude for life Is Nerc found
guilty but insane, II by jury and / by
court OF criminal appeal.
In 1914 III were brought To- trial in
England and Wales for manslturh,cr. OF
I which As were convicted and sentenced
Judicial Statistics. England aud Wales
1914, Part l.. Criminal Statistics, u. l2
Mooriield Storey lI,cform og Grim.
nal Procedure. 1850, quoting Andrew T.
White, gays:
The murder rate in tho Cnit"i S'a,.. ,
from ten to twenty times greater than 'ua
murder rate of the British Empire arI
other northeastern European couuttie..
The World Almanac for laIi. lHi. srI
1918. under statistics ~ Ilo'ni,ile'
says convictions in GERMANY oquall,d
% per cent. and Il fraction; IA lie
United States 1.3 per cent.
Frederick l.. Hoffman. life insurance.
statistician Of Newark, y. i. sr.
~t"lIomicide Record Of American Ci'i, Do
Spectator. October 80. 1911, page .iG):
h position OF the Tinted state. lu
the matter OF violent DEAN, ! ds ilei
deplorablc. Every international ,oupar.
son proves that the homi. Is it'e ~ tho
United states Is probably the u,eac., ~
any civilized country in tho vpt.l.
In Australia, Canada and Great Brit.
ain, where the criminal procedure APP
proved by the Federal Suprc,ta ,',!..
in the Twining case prevails. 'lc sNca,
box n third degree are W.h"trl -
and unknown. The third degree $ an
~extralegal imitation OF continental Ia.
ropean police methods.
IL public defence ~ criminal c,.cs
should. contrary to the practice of EI.
ropean nations. be made q matter ~
absolute legal right. IL would tc o.,
duty Of Tho public defender e. civ.
every red handed murderer, Iloccs,. pla,
/ .rfp,tn.I a. u..Fl 80 ,.. .
The sun., 1916-08-23
Underses Trade with Germany

II the cargo carrying submarine
bremen left IA German port on Au-
gust II. MS n despatch from Norfolk
says, she should arrive on this side
If the Atlantic about the last day of
the month. judging from the voyage
If the pioneer deutschland. The
Deutschland was sixteen days coming
across. Her captain. by the way,
said upon his arrival at Baltimore
TINT the effect of such voyages rs he
had made would be to break British
control of the ell. In II way that Is
true. speaking In u commercial {:
for II n fleet Of Ibeutschlands and
Brcmens should he launched or nc
quircd by Germany she would ulti-
mately be able to buy from the United
States n great deal of the material
needed to carry on the war against
the Entente Allies.
What n travesty the old fashioned
blockade would he IL submarine cargo
carriers could dive under p%atrolling
warships on the surface and emerge
In home harhors. Perhaps the sys-
ten would suffer from the di>ndvan.
tages under which il was operated.
but raw materials entering into the
manufacture of ammunition could he
imported in sufficient quantities. How
could the traffic he stopped or scri-
ously checked except by enemy sub.
marines. with eyes. rs 1t were, under
wnter--a style of craft that has not
yet been invented?
With the coming Of the Bremen 1t
Is reported that commercial subma-
rines ARE to he constructed by I'm
American firm for the German Gov
, ernment. The largest will he 5000
tons. They can he laid down AMI
completed In n few months. If the
| war Is to last another year II would
he possible for Germany to carry on
n regular transatlantic service. sub
.ject to interruption. Of course. by the
British navy. After the prutsch-
lands achievement 1t seems feasible
enough but two years ago the Allan
tic passage by airship would have
been no more wonderful than tho
blockade running and long voyages
by cargo carriers under rs we'll rs
on the surface Of the sea. Whatever
ri be accomplished by the genius OF
the German Government In renewing
commercial relations with America
there should be no difficulty in re-
storing the mail service, That alone
would he Il great triumph for the un'
dersea boat.
The sun., 1916-08-23
How n Shcepshead Bay BOY came 10
Visit the Islands Of Death and Hope.

To Tuy Enron or TIE SuS-S,r: An
other good deed for the cause OF real
humanity was scored by THE T. in the
delightful article, Islands OF Death
and Hope" printed in the issue for sun
day. August 90. Few Of those, probably.
who derived pleasure and inspiration
from this record 10 that the jesuit
Neil Boytou' T. the son of captain Paul
Boyton. the once famous swimmer ana
one OF the founders of the coney Island
We know to-day.
Thirty odd years q Pau Boyton and
his swimming suit were the great MAJ
wells OF the day. One night he droiptd
dow the bay clad in tho SUI, and tor
pedocd' a warship at anchor there. IL.
was the original submarine. II was the
sensation OF the decade.
After that II" swan the big rivers all
over the country. went abroad and swan
the English Channel in tn" suit. with
Queen Nictoria's approval. Then he set
tied down at coney Island.
Ills was the original Luna Park, which
hr sold to Thompson n nVnd>. and her"
I, was that the Jesuit Nell BoSton'
grew up. Twelve seasons of Nell Boy
tons boyhood were passed on II house
boat on S~heepshead Bay. After leaving
college he became a Jesuit. ami Is now
Il professor iM the collcg Of his order
~ bombay. India, He was one "' 'h'
American Jesuits who left here last year
Il go TO India t. take the vacant places
I'm the local colleges and MISSIONS "'
their German brethren who had been
!nterned by the English authorities be-
The sun., 1916-08-23
that the concerts may really respond

that the concerts may really respond
to n need.
No definite conclusion on this sub
.ject can be reached until the final re-
suits are known. II there has been not
adequate financial response to the eff
forts Of the sponsors, the senson will
probably not he attempted again.
There will he no for criticism
of those who are this summer respOn-
sible for the attempt. Lack Of salts
factory support from those for whose
benefit the concerts were undertaken
Is the best possible evidence that they
nre not needed. Failure to p~atrOnlze
them can only be taken to Indicate
TINT they IRE not desired by n sufi-
cient number of citizens to make the
labor worth while.
1t Is to be hoped. however, that
complete success may be the reward
Of the experiment. Many Of the win
ter patrons Of serious music are us.
suredly here. 1t Is not possible that
the warn weather robs them of n
taste for music SO well rendered as
1t has been ut these concerts. The
educational value of the series should
enlist the support Of all lovers Of
good music.
The sun., 1916-08-23

The death of that daring French
aviator with tho ON name. MARCEL.
~IRISpEJoSc pES MuuLlNAis. must Lee
C~broniclcd with regret. \ mere boy,
he was tho pride of the a%eronautic
word before the war, several times
flying across the Continent at phc-
nomenal speed. In his hands the
monoplanc IA truly the automobile
Ct the skies, With native imp.tuCs.ty
he flew to the aid If France as soon
as wal VAS declared. His icats at tho
front were the talk Of the army. In
ella he more than matched ANYTHING
done on the earth beneath him by
brothers in arms. And to think that
bEs MorLlNAls should not die in battle
but by a fall Of the machine he had
always controlled 50 We'll, Was fate
ever more !ronical?
The sun., 1916-08-23
what Has the President Said to the
BrotherhOOds?

The have been allowed
to print whit President WILSON has
soid to the railroad presidents. but
what he said to the railroad brother
hoods was In secret session.
The President shakes his finger In
the faces of the railroad presidents
and says that II there Is a strike the
responsibility will not he with him.
Why does he not add the simple
truth that the responsibility for II
strike Is with the strikers?
The President pleads with the rail-
road presidents In the name Of the
business and welfare Of the nation.
Why does he not plead with the
railway brotherhOOds In the name OF
the business and the welfare Of the
nation?
The railroad brotherhOods for years
clamOred for arbitration, but now al
NIT the fear that arbitrntOrs. no mat
ter how chosen. would not accord
their present demands. The brother
hoods say to the railroads, "Stnnd
and deliver. The President Of the
United States does not intimate that
a strike could he nverted Ivy II change
Of attitude on the part Of the brother
hoods. He shakes his finger In the
faces OF the railroad presidents.
Fifty votes are rs nothing COM
pared with 4OO.WN. That Is how he
larry shortsightci way.
He does not seem to see that 4ON.-
OOO votes are rs nothing compared
with 2.Wn,WN. Otherwise he would
he shaking his finger also ut the
b~rOtherhOOtls.
The sun., 1916-08-23
THE MONTREAL MELON.
Best There Is, Says Correspondent
Who Has Eaten II.

To THE EDITOR OF THE S~uN-Sir: The
article on melons Was fine. but why
waste time extolling the virtues OF that
Colorado c%antaloupe? The best Is the
Montreal melon. which blithely pursues
its prey both on the outskirts and within
the purl!eus OF Montreal.
was there for about four years and
made a study OF the subject. On st.
Catherine street l have seen at a green
grocer's stall a melon outwardly Of five
cent appearance. priced at one or even
W dollars. AT "A hotel the honorarium
would be s.. once by mischance | or
dercd "a whole one. and the waiter said
something like owe de ": OF course
he was cordial. After this experience
I used 10 buy a small sector Of a melon
for 80 cents. or else 90 GU; SONS dark
night behind tho mountain. relying on
low visibility. and get them in the nat
ural way. All! but they are superb.
RICHARD J.. READ.
NEW York, August 80.
The sun., 1916-08-23
Some Authorities on IT. Thomas.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SrN-Sr: It
is TO be regretted that Mr.. George w
Jol,y OF owensboro, ny, In his letter
upon the Danish West Indies to THE
SrN, stopped short Of the year books
and encyclopedias. Had he consulted
The History of 81. Thomas. with In
c!deutal Notices ~ -, tro.x and 81
John" by John l., Knox, printed at
New York in 1852 by Charles %Scrihncr,
and Leaflets From the DANISH West
Indies" by Charles r.. Taylor, NJ II,
printed al London in ISIS, he would
have a better understanding of the sub
ject he writes about.
II a foreigner were to study the United
States in an encyclopedia and "A year
hook and stop short there he would have
no appreciation %. his great country,
II 81. Thomas were populated with the
Aryan race perhaps ne objection would
be made to is purchase, However that
may he. crime is almost negligible IN
the islands. although the bulk of the
population is black. GuARIoNEX.
NEW YORK, August %,
The sun., 1916-08-23
SUI m Iner Music.

The experiment of the generous
citizens who have put within the
reach Of New Workers. Il series Of con.
certs OF high class music this sum.
mer will be watched with interest.
II has been asserted for years that
there was II warm weather demand
for such diversions. but efforts to
satisfy 1t always failed to win popu
lar support necessary to permanent
success.
The belief that among the citizens
of New York who remained In town
II desire existed to hear concerts OF
what, TO distinguish 1t from the
merely popular, might he called clns-
steal music, dates from an earlier
period OF the city's social history. 1t
Is necessary to return to the DAYS of
THEODORE THOMAS to find any record
OF n summer season Of serious music
which did not bring financial loss to
Its promoters. So there have been
In recent years only occasional con
certs by the city orchestras outside the
musical season.
Now public spirited citizens have
made 1t possible for New Workers. to
hear excellent concerts twice n week.
In general the sololsts us well as the
conductors are superior to those who
have previously been associated with
such undertakings. Musically there
has been every quality to please tho
audiences supposed to await this style
OF entertainment In the summer.
There nus been, moreover. an appear.
ance VI prosperity, and the number OF
auditors has been enough to suggest
The sun., 1916-08-23
He Got His Men.

Three years ago two missionaries
were killed In northern Canada near
the Arctic Circle. From somewhere
In that far north country n report yes
terdny reached Ottawa that the
derers had been caught and were being
brought out for trial.
News Of crime travels slowly In that
wild. barren winter land; but when,
several weeks after the death Of
the missionaries. the mengre details
reached one OF the stations of the
Northwestern Mounted Police patrol
an inspector was sent to find the
murderers. There Is a tradition
among the men Of this force that AS
signed to such II mission you either
get Your men or you do not come
back.
The inspector finally traced the
crime to n tribe Of EskimOs which had
IN evil reputation In the north. Some
Of the members were being hunted
for the murder In 1912 Of Harry Vim.
The sun., 1916-08-23

In answer to those who advocate a
public defender. obviously in Imitation
Of Los Angeles. I would ask
Has any other nation constitutional
provisions, which the courts Of 6st re-
sort characterize as "a shelter TO the
guilty" which has no place in the ju.
risprudencc Of civilized and free coun.
tries outside the domain Of the common
law. and II Is nowhere observed among
our own people In the search for truth
outside the administration OF the law"
(Twlning VS.. New Jersey. 211 u. 5. 81,
1l3). or as 'the privilege OF crime"
Estate vs.. Wentworth. IS Maine. 2+1)?
Ex-President william II. Taft in his
address before the Civic Forum Of Sew
York city on April 2S, 1908. said Il
quote from page 15):
And now. what has been the result OF
the lax administration OF criminal law In
this country? Crimina statistics are eN-
ceedingly dinhcult to obtain. The number
Of homicides one can note from the daily
newsps pers. the number OF lyncoints and
the number Of executions, but the num-
Der OF indictments. trials. convictions. ac-
~auittals or m!strials 4; Is hard TO find.
since 1885 In the United states there
have been I31 .9ji murders and hom!cides.
and there have been 2.2sj executions. In
1855 the number OF murders was 1,s0s.
In 1904 1t had Increased to 8,4S2. The
number Of executions In 1885 was los. In
1904 II was lI6. This startling increase
in the number Of murders and homicides
as compared with the number OF execu.
slA.a -. ,t. L. 49, IN
increase. so are all offences OF the felony
class. and there can he no doubt that they
will continue to Increase unless the crlmi-
mai laws are enforced with more certainty,
more uniformity. more severity than they
now are.
The criminal statistics referred to by
eX-President Taft are those computed
by the late Josiah Strong upon the basis
of what the Chicago Tribune has pub
lished on the last day of each year since
1885 showing the number OF homicides
and executions In the United States for
each year.
The Chicago Tribune gives the num-
Der OF homicides. including manslasgh-
ters. In the United States In 1912 as
3,i52: the number of executions in 1872
as 145 II gives the number Of homi-
cides. including manslaughteis. in 1913
as s.oO2 the number of executions in
1918 as IS IL gives the number Of hoini-
cldes and manslaughters In 1914 as
S.2jl the number of executions in 1914,
including two for another felony. as -
II gives the number Of homicides and
m~anslaughters in 1915 as $3.50. the
number of executions In 1915. including
nt,bt f4- a,n,har faian, No 10
The sun., 1916-08-23

cipal mission Of this mighty engine
is served. In the development Of this
patience, wisdom and devotion have
been conspicuous; and the reward for
the ceaseless application OF these
qualities to the antagonistic elements
that compose the membership Of the
Church is the power and authority
It has attained without the assistance
Of State grants or the aid Of dis.
crlminatOry legislation.
The sun., 1916-08-23
The Roman Catholic Church In the
United states.

In the United States the Roman
Catholic Church has been compelled
TO solve problems unlike those forced
on 1t elsewhere. Religious liberty.
the absence Of State support, with
the consequent necessity of obtaining
its revenues from voluntary contribu-
tors. have posed n set of questions.
The heterogeneous population, com
posed of immigrants of numerous IA
tiOnalities, many Of them accustomed
10 rigid secular and clerical regulu-
tion In their native countries, and un-
prepared to exercise the self-restra!nt
essential to democratic institutions.
presented another, Jealousy and dis
trust springing from old world On.
virOnments have complicated the sit
uati0n. But In spite of these evident
difficulties, the influence of which Is
observable In all parts Of the nation,
the Church has had II wonderful
growth, and enjoys to-day n pros
perity, material and spiritual. that is
indicated, though not measured, by
the convention now In session here.
To the nOn.CathOlic this gathering
offers m opportunity Of informing
himself on the processes and methods
of the Church that Is invaluable.
Here are gathered. In common on
deavOr for II single cause, the highest
ecclesiastical dignitaries, princes of
the Church, priests and laymen. from
all parts of the country and In their
deliberations as these are revealed in
the official programme and developed
in the discussions 1t will be found
that no subject of interest and con-
Germ to the public has been sighted
or overlooked. The clerics and lay
men who compose this convention
give their lively attention to every
project that affects the welfare of
the population. Whatever the subject
may be-the character Of theatrical
productions, the quality Of marriage
and divorce laws, the educational en-.
terprises of Church and of the State
In every relation Of human life the
alert and vigorous intelligence of q
great body OF men and women sub
scribing to Il common faith will be
found ut work, striving Mt all time,
for the improvement Of condition,
In the community.
The observer will find that thu
Church, besides It's spiritual efforts
and what may be called its s~ectarlar
activities, promotes and supports ,
multitude OF movements that affec
Its " communicates directly II
their daily engagements, and react II
n degree frequently ignored on thOs.
outside Its fold. In the prosecution
Of what, for want OF n better term
may be described as secular work, (,
distinguish 1t from purely religion,
pursuits, Il remarkable organization
i", been built up, by which the prin
The sun., 1916-08-23
The Hot Days.

The cast cicada shrills
Upon the green set hills
As II "A hundred drills
Combined their shrltks and trills,
The motor az II hies
The white road scarihes
And wh.r,s up to tho skirs
The hot dust that It SHES,
upon the lurching vain
High hcaped with spoil Of grain
R,laNrd the sweaty swain
Forge,s the l~istless rein.
Within the city street
Walled by some high retreat
where power has It's seat
The air winks In the heat,
The moon comes in u haze
That dims its mellow bia1e
And makes - magir maze
OF town and country waya
MAUaics NoasIs,
The sun., 1916-08-23

Clearly. so soon as a restored state
OF order Oh the border ~iustiticS 1t these
troops Ithc National Guard will he re-
turned tn their homes-Sccrctdry BAKER.
AS Mr.. BAKER also says that the
presence OF the National Guard has
given a higher degree of safety and
security To the lives If our people in
that country than they have for u
long time had" why not begin to send
home the patrolling troops in install
ments, the married men first?
The sun., 1916-08-23

hundredth year. When the quantity
Of useless and worse than useless
printed matter that came under his
professional observation is considered.
the whole tale OF his years Is astonish-
ing. Fortunately for him he did not
expose himself to intellectual risks OF
Guardianship until he he'd reached
wears OF discretion,
The sun., 1916-08-23

Heavy demand and shortage OF sup
ply caused the rise In the price OF
gasolene. the Federal investigators
In these days Of economic
fal-lals it hoes seem too bad that 1t
could not be determined that the
higher price was caused by light de-
mand and increased supply.