davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
NO EXPRESSION OF /. OPINION TO BE HAD
(Continued From Page One.) IN PHILADELPHIA.

WASHINGTON, April 21.-Presi- dent Wilson paid brief visit to Phil adelphia today to visit his daughter Mrs. Francis Bowes SayrH. and his youngest granddaughter, Eleanor A. Sayre, who was born the first of last month. He was accompanied by Mrs. Wilson. They remained in Philadel- phia less than two hours. and return ed tonight, planning to spend Easter in Washington. The President was given a great ovation in Philadelphia. although nothing was known of his coming until a few hours in advance A crowd of several thousand persons was at the Broad street Station, both when he arrived and when he left, and cheered him enthusiastically. He also was applauded as he passed thru the streets.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
BRADSTREETS.

NEW YORK, April 21.-Bradstreets tomorrow will say:
 Flood tide aspects characterize the demand with superabundance of activity stamping most movements in manufacturing and mercantile lines. While the more serious turn in our international political relations tends to cause concern and some of the lowest prices of the year in stock market prices, effects in other direc- tions thus far have been almost en- tirely negligible. A few cross cur rents are visible here and there, con spicuous in this respect being ease in Southern Pig Iron. oliver prices for coke. deferring of building pro jects because of extraordinary high quotations. irregularity in northwest ern retail trade, due entirely to wea- ther: however. some saggiDg in raw silk and the continued restless atti- tude of labor But beyond everything is the strong fact that the country's producing units are sold up. and there fore it is quite useless to place orders for anything like nearby delivery. Weekly bank clearings s4,5S2.662,O 900.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
NOTICE OF APPLICATION FOR U.
 S. PATENT.
Mineral Survey No. 3236. Serial No. O2o712.

Seriai NO. UZ9I1Z.
 United States Land Office, Phoenix, Arizona. March 10th, 1916.
 Notice is hereby given: That Joseph Waters, whose post-office ad- dress is Bisbee. has made application for patent for the following named lode mining claims, situated in the Warren Mining District. Cochise Coun- ty, Arizona, in Section 10. unsurveyed. T. 23-S., R. 24-E., c. & s. R. B. & M., and described as follows. to-wit:
 "BELGIUM". Beginning at corner No. 1, the s. W. corner, whence IT.. s. M. M. No. 4. Warren Mining Dis trict, bears S. 32o 35' 30" ". 65264 feet: thence N. 420 53' F. 500 feet, to corner No. 2; thence s. 44' 4 F. 1900 feet to corner No. 3: thence S. 420 53' w. 500 feet to corner No. 4 thence N. AZ 4 W1500 feet to corner No. 1, the place of beginning, containing a net area of 20.631 acres. THE ALLIES". Beginning at cor ner No. 1. the S. w. corner. whence U. s. NJ. NJ. No. 4, Warren Mining Dis trict, bears s. 310 S4' W. 59S6.9 feet; thence N. 420 53f F. 500 feet, to cor ner No. 2; thence s. AZ 04' E. 1102.5 feet. to corner No. 3: thence s. 420 53' W. 500 feet. to corner No. 4: thence N 44o 4 W. 11O2.5 feet. to corner No. 1. the place of begin ming, containing a net area of 13.4Ss acres, expressly excluding area in con- flict with the Hardscrabble lode. un- surveyed, of 1.676 acres.
 The location notices of these claims are recorded in the County Recorders office, Cochise County, Arizona, as fol- lows:
 Belgium, Book 54, Record of Mines. page 5S.
 The Allies, Book 54. Record of Mines. page 57.
 The names of the adjoining claims to this Survey. are: on the North. Germany and Waters lodes. unsurvey. ed: on the East, Hardscrabble lode. unsurveyed: on the South. Billy Boy and Juniper lodes. unsurveyed: on the West Survey No. 2202, Jumbo and Delima lodes
 THOMAS F. WEEDIN.
 Register
 First publication Mar 25, 1916.
 Last publication May 31, 1916.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
Mining District, COchise County. Ari-

Mining District, Cochise County. Ari- Zona.
 "ZEO"
 Beginning at Corner No 1. the Southwest Corner whence United States Mineral Monument No. 4. Var ren Mining District, bears South 50' 32' 90" West 1892 feet; thence North 13' 6 East ss.6O feet to Corner No. 2, the Northwest Corner: thence South 5s' 42' East 19250 feet to Corner No. 3, the Northeast Corner: thence South 13' 06' West 25.00 feet to Corner No. 4. the Southeast Cor ner; thence North 77' 59' West 1s2.sO feet to Corner No. 1. the place of be- ginning; containing a total area of 0.23S acres. Expressly excluding area in conflict with Survey No 2009 Collins" lode. of 0052 acres. The presumed course of the vei- on .nis claim is from the Southerly end center North e9' 04' West 1s4.6 feet.
 The location notice of said claim. upon which this application is based. is recorded in the office of the County Recorder of Cochise County, Arizona. as follows:
 "ZEO" Book 41. Record of Mines page 393.
 The names of the adjoining claims are: On the North and East the Collins. Survey No 2009: on the West Arizona No. 4" Survey No. 2127: and on the South the Angel" Survey No. 1119.
 THOS. F. WEEDIN Register.
 First publication Feb. 25. 1916.
 Last publication May T. Ia1s.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
POWDER PLANT EXPLOSION

BORDEAUX, April 21.-Thirty per sons are believed to have been killed in the explosion of the powedr branch of a grenade factory here today. Al ready 2S bodies have been taken out of the debris.
 The cause of the explosion has not yet been established but the theory is that spark from the electrical machinery set off the powder while it was in the process of being mixed. A number of persons were injured
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
Mining and Financial NeUs
THE WOOL REVIEW.
BY REVIEW LEASED WIRE


 BOSTON. April 21.-The Commer- cial Bulletin will say tomorrow:
 Another week of moderate trading has been experienced in the Boston wool trade. Manufacturers are still in need of some wool and as they require it. do not delay in get ting it, since supplies of desirable feeces are by no means plentiful. Values are not quotable changed but are firm.
 ''The situation at the mills is not changed. new business being of mod crate proportions and prices for manu- factured goods steady. Contracting still drags slowly in the west un- changed levels.
 Scored basis:
 Texas-Fine 12 months. = e 75c. Fine eight months, 62 G 65c. Ter ritory-Fine staple soc; fine medium staple 76 e TIC; fine clothing 73 G 75c: fine medium clothing 70 O 71c: half blood combing v O 7Sc: 3-S blood comhing 7O,@ 72c; Pulled extra 7S e soc; A. A. "a O 7Sc; fine 70 q 72.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
IN THE SUPERIOR COURT In the County of Cochise, State of
 Arizona
NOTICE TO CREDITORS


 Estate of Lawrence Caretto, de- ceased Notice is hereby given by the undersigned, Administrator of the Estate of Lawrence Caretto, deceased, to the creditors of and all persons having claims against the said de- ceased, to exhibit them, with the necessary vouchers, within four (D months after the first publication of this notice to the said Administrator at the offices of Williams and Flani- gan, Attorneys at Law, Bisbee,. Ari- Zona, the same being the place for the transaction of the business of said estate, in said County of Co chise.
 JOHN CARETTO, JR.
 Administrator of the Estate of Lawrence Caretto, deceased.
 Dated this 18th day of April, 1916. First publication April 21. 1916.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
Legal Notices
NOTICE OF SALE OF PERSONAL
 PROPERTY AT PRIVATE SALE.

PROPERTY AT PRIVATE SALE. Tn the Matter of the Guardianship oi the Estate of JOHN REHWALDT an Incompetent Person.
 Under authority of an Order oi Sale, granted by the Superior Court of the State of Arizona. in and for Cochise County. dated the 24th day of March, 1916, I will sell at private sale the following described personal property, to-wit:
 That certain ,one-story frame ' house, known as and numbered 127 Dubacher Canyon, and situat- ed in Dubacher Canyon near the Cochise Mine. in the City of Bis bee. Cochise County. State of Ari- Zona. on lands owned by, and be- longing to. The Copper Queen Consolidated Mining Company of Bisbee. Arizona.
 The sale will he made on, or after May 2nd, 1916, at two o'clock P. M. and bids will he received at the of fee of Fred Sutter. Attorney at Law in the Johnson-H Haninger Building Main Street. Bisbee, Arizona; which bids must be in writing. and may be left at said office of said Fred Sutter or delivered to the undersigned guardian personally. The terms of sale will be for cash, twenty-five per cent of the purchase price on the date of sale. and the balance thereof to be paid when the sale is confirmed by the above mentioned court.
 Dated the 14th day of March, 1916.
 CHARLES H. HOLZ,
 Guardian of the Estate of John
 Rehwaldt, an Incompetent Per
 son.
 First publication April 16, 1916.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.
Department of the Interior.

U s. Land Office at Phoenix. Ari- zona. April r, 1916.
 NOTICE is hereby given that Ann Gleason. of Buena. Arizona, who. on May 8. 1919, made Homestead Entry. No. 022265. for SEA. Section 2f, Township 22. S., Range 20, E.. G&SR Meridian, has filed notice of intention to make final Three Year Proof, to establish claim to the land above 1e- scribed, before w. A. Fowler. r. z. Commissioner. at Tombstone. Arizona, on the 22nd day of May. 1916.
 Claimant nemes as witnesses: Erastus Hill, J. P Steele s. T. Pgatt, Earl Hob, all of Buena. Arizona.
 THOMAS F. WEEDIN,
 Register. First publication April 20 1916. Last publication May %. 1916.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION Department of the Interior.

U. S. LAND OFFICE. at Phoenix. Arizona. March 30. 1916.
 NOTICE is hereby given that James W. Stevens. of Lewis Springs. Arizona. who. on February g. 1915. made Home stead Entry, No. 026690. for SWh SEii SEh SW14. Section :: Lot 1. NEi4 NW14. Section IS. Township 21. &. Range %. F.. G&SR Meridian. has filed notice of intention to make final com mutation proof. to establish claim 10 the land above described. before ]. n. Taylor, U. s. Commissioner. at Bisbee. Arizona. on the 5th day of May. 1916. Claimant names as witnesses: William A. Morris. Frank B Mason. Irie E. Loomas. Anguel Gallego. all of Lewis Springs. Arizona.
 THOMAS F. WEEOIN.
 Register. C15392 acres).
 First Publication April 1. 1915. Last Publication May ,. 1916.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION. Department of the Interior,

U. s. Land Office at Phoenix, Ari- zona, April ', 1916. NOTICE is hereby given that Cassie A. Downard. of Bisbee, Arizona. who, on May 12. 1913. made Homestead En. try. No. 022420. for S1s NEh, S1A NWA, Section B, Township 23, S., Range 24, E., G&SR Meridian. has filed notice of intention to make final Three Year Proof, to establish claim to the land above described, before J. D. Taylor, '. s. Commissioner, at Bisbee, Arizona. on the 18th day of May, 1916.
 Claimant names as witnesses: George R. Pemberton, of Don Luis: John C. King. of Lowell: Frank C. Mcdonald. Abbott Adair, both of Bis bee, Arizona.
 THOMAS F. WEEDIN,
 Register. First publication April g. 1916. Last publication May 15, 1916.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION. Department of the Interior.

r. $. Land Office at Phoenix. Ari- zona. April 17. 1916.
 NOTICE is hereby given that Anna Rebecca Busey. of Hereford, Arizona. who. on July l. 1912, made Home stead Entry. No. 01S473. for s. w. F, Section 12, Township 23. S.. Range, 21, F., G&SR Meridian, has filed notice of intention to make final Three Year Proof. to establish claim to the land above described, before ]. D. Taylor. IT. s. Commissioner. at Bisbee. Ari- zona. on the 22nd day of May, 1916. Claimant names as witnesses: John Findlay. Roy Bye. sherman J. Beals. Harry NJ. Beals, all of Here ford, Arizona.
 THOMAS F. WEEDIN,
 Register. First publication April 20. 1916. Last publication May 22, 1916.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.

U. s. Land Office at Phoenix. Ari- zona, April ,. 1916.
 NOTICE is hereby given that John L. Parker. of Hereford. Arizona. who. on March 19. 1913. made Homestead Entry. No 021S03. for NWi4. Section 24. Township 22. S.. Range 21. E.. G&SR Meridian. has filed notice of intention, to make final three year Proof to establish claim to the land above described. before J. D. Taylor. |. s. Commissioner. at Bisbee. Ari- zona, on the 18th day of May, 1916. Claimant names as witnesses: William A. Lyth, George J. Perry. Columbus T. Stoltz. Louis F. GanOng. all of Hereford. Arizona
 THOMAS F. WEEDlN.
 Register. First publication April :. 1916. Last publication May Is. 1916.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION. Department of the Interior.

Y. S. Land Office at Phoenix. Ari- zona, April II, 1916.
 NOTICE is hereby given that Ida Katerina Hongo, of McNeal, Arizona, who, on March 27, 1913, made Org. Hd 021924; Oct. 29. 1913. Add1. Hd., No. 023650, for west half, Section 26. Township 21, S.. Range 26 F.. G&SR Meridian, has filed notice of intention to make final Three Year Proof. to establish claim to the land above de scribed, before J. D. Taylor. T. s. Commissioner, at Bisbee, Arizona, on the 18th day of May, 1916.
 Claimant names as witnesses: Carl Nyholm, Abel Waisanen, H. William Reinholm, Joseph F. Parvin, all of McNeal, Arizona
 THOMAS F. WEEDIN,
 Register First publication April IA. 1916. Last publication May 19. 1916.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
MISSIONARY DIES.

NEW YORK, April 21.-The Rev Adna Bradway Leonard. Secretary emeritus of the Board of Foreign Missions of the Methodist Episcopal Church, died at his home in Brook lyn today in his 18th year
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
IN THE SUPERIOR COURT.

Of cochise County. State of Arizona NOTICE OF HEARING PETITION In the matter of the Estate of Joseph Fredrick Rabdau. De ceased.
 Notice is hereby given that Isabella Godfrey has filed in this Court a document purporting to be the last will and testament of the said Joseph Fredrick Rabdau. deceased. together with her petition praying that said document be admitted 10 probate as the last will and testament of said deceased and that letters testamentary be issued to her. the said Isabella Godfrey. and that the same will he heard on Saturday the 22nd day of April A. D. 1916. at 10:00 o'clock in the forenoon of said day. at the court room of said Court, in Tombstone. County of Cochise. State of Arizona. and all persons interested in said estate are notified then and there to appear and show cause. if any they have. why the prayer of said petition CT should not be granted.
 Dated April ,. 1916.
 J. E. JAMES,
 Clerk
 By H. R. JOHNSON.
 Deputy Clerk
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.


 T. s. Land Offire at Phoenix. Ari- zona. March 24. 1916.
 NOTICE is hereby given that Fred W. Koch. Of Hereford. Arizona. who. on August 2e. 1912, made homestead entry. No O19O22. for SEA. Sec tion 3, Township 23. g.. Range 21. F.. G&SR Meridian. has filed notice of intention to make three wear Proof. to establish claim to the land above described. before !. - Taylor. '. s. Commissioner. at Bis bee. Arizona. on the 2rd day of May. 1916.
 Claimant names as witnesses: George W. Atwood. Thomas [. Pointer, Sherman !. Beals. Isaac E. French. all of Hereford. Arizona
 THOMAS F. WEEDIN.
 Register First publication March 2s. 1916 Last publication May ?. 1916.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION nA-. Af &ka Intarf1r

Department of the Interior, T. S. Land Office at Phoenix, Ari- zona. March 27. 1916.
 NOTICE is hereby given that Oscar Walters. of Hereford. Arizona. who. on Aug. ,. 1912. made Org. Hd. 01SS46; and on July 31. 1914. Addl. Hd.. No. 025535. for SEA. Sec 10. SWA. Section II. Township 23, s.. Range 21, E., G&SR Meridian. has filed notice of intention to make final Three Year Proof. to establish claim to the land above described. before J. D. Taylor, U. s. Commissioner. at Bisbee. Arizona. on the 2nd day of May. 1916.
 Claimant names as witnesses: Thomas 1. Pointer. Willard s. Os- good, William J. Page. Raymond Jack son. (4) of Hereford. Arizona. 320 acres.
 THOMAS F. WEEDIN,
 Register. First publication March 29. 1916. Last publication May 2. 1916.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
AMENDED NOTICE OF REPLICA. TON FOR UNITED STATES
 PATENT

Mineral Survey NO. S167
 Serial No. 02e557
 United States Land Office. Phoenix. Arizona. Feb. 24th. 1916.
 Notice is hereby given that Copper Queen Consolidated Mining Company whose post office address is Bisbee. Arizona. has made application for patent for the following named lode mining claim. situate in the Warren
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.
Department of the Interior.

Department Of the Interior. U. s. Land Office at Phoenix, Arf zona. March Is. 1916.
 NOTICE is hereby given that Charles H. Sailer. of Hereford. Ari- zona. who. on April 13. 1912. made desert land entry. No. 017227. for Lots 9. 3. 4. Section IS. Township 24. S.. Range 24, F.. G&SR Meridian. has filed notice of intention to make proof under Para. 3. Act March 4. 1915. by purchase, to establish claim 10 the land above described. before J. D. Taylor. U. s. Commissioner. at Bisbee. Arizona. on the 21st day of April. 1916.
 Claimant names as witnesses: Charles A. Martin, of Hereford: Herbert F. Cooper, Angus Gillis. Jesse I. Horton, (3) of Bisbee. Ari. zona.
 THOMAS F. WEEDIN.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22

NOTICE OF APPLICATION FOR U.
 S. PATENT.
 Mineral Survey. No. 3194.
 Serial No. o29514.
 U. S. Land Office. Phoenix. Arizona. Feb. IS, 1916
 Notice is hereby given, that John .Treu. whose Post Office address Is Bisbee, Arizona. has made application for patent. for the following named Lode Mining Claim. situate in Warren Mining District. Cochise County. Ari- zona.
 "SAN ANTONIO"
 Beginning at Cor. No. 1. the $. F. Cor. whence the r. Cor. between Sec 36. T. 23 s. R. 24 E., and Sec. 1. T. 24 s. R. 24 E., G. & z R. B. & M. brs. s. 360 1O' E. 1O59S ft: Thence N. 79o 9O' w. 1900 it.. to Cor. No. 2. the s. W. Cor; Thence N. 1O0 3O' E. 500 feet to Corner No. 3. :he N. W. Cor: Thence S. 79' 3O' F. 1900 it. to Cor. No. 4. the N. E. Cor: Thence s. 10' 30' W. 500 it. to Cor No. l, the place of beginning.
 The amended Location Notice of which. and upon which this applica- ton is based. Is recorded in the of flee of the County Recorder of Co., chise County. Arizona. in Book 53. Records of Mines. Page 592.
 Adjoining claims if any. have never been surveyed, and it is impossible to locate any corners of same.
 THOMAS F. WEEDIN,
 Register. Last publication May !. 1a1s.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22

The swivel chair po of the aerial by Samuel Rebe to be replaced by skilled avao according tive statement made by likely that Lieut. Col George Reber An figure the aviation board will ably the most skilEu pilot in the U. service.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22

By H. R. JOHNSON.
 Deputy Clerk First publication April '. 1916.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22

First publication March r. 1915. Last publication April 21. l91i.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22

First publication April g, 1916. Last publication May 15, 1916.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22

First publication Mar. 25, 1916. Last publication May 31. 1916.
Bisbee daily review., 1916-04-22

First publication April 14, 1916. Last publication May 19, 1916.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1916-09-07

Nc f9ftafa drink aa pea 00n
quarts ~ mIiA aah gear leaa than
mlf Hnf day = person and eat
ooN oe0 worth ~ eercals canned
rools mers than tl1o09 #H and
H0o0 f01 samaa of potatoes cost
ng 3 l0a047 other Vegetables aad
rtalA cost tso09l0 aaA jlAH0o009
Is nHl tlr heese
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1916-09-07

Try a Leader Want Al.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-09-07
CAR STRIKEIN
new YORK, BUT
NOT MANY QUIT
Traction Lines Able to Keep
All But One Division
Moving Well ...~
tAssociatsd Press BY Federal wirslsss)

NEW YORK. N. Y, Sept. 7.-At
o'clock this morning union employees
of subway and elevated street-caI
lines were called out on strike but
as the hours progressed it was seen
that the city is but slightly affected
The unionists asserted that 5000
men were not working today, includ
ing those who walked out at and
those who did not report for the morn
ing detail, and that of these 1000 were
in subway and elevated lines employ
menI. =.
Representatives of the traction com,
panies say that not more than 206O
struck, and that strike-breakers are
maintaining the normal schedules of
the lines.
The green car" surface line is chief
ly affected. Only 80 per cent of its
cars are running.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-09-07
GERMAN OFFICIAL
cAblEGRAMS

GERMAN HEADQUARTERS, Sept.
l6.-The battle on both sides of the
Somme continued with undiminish.
ed violence Twenty-eight Anglo
French divisions attacked. North OF
Somme fresh attacks were bloodily
repulsed. In some small places the
enemy conquered ground, and Clery
Is in their hands.
South of Somme, in fluctuating
combat, the first line on Bafieux eront
to the south Of Chilly was maintained
against fresh French charges. Only
completely destroyed trenches were
abandoned. Later, attacks complete
ly repulsed under heaviest losses.
Mecklenburg, Holstein and Saxon reg
iments especially distinguished them
selves.
Thirty-one officers and 1887 men
were brought in prisoners during two
days combats from south of Somme.
Air combat and anti-aircraft gun
fire brought down three hostile aero
planes. -. :. ..
Prince Leopold's 'front.'. (East)
Russian attacks north of railroad
zloczov and Tarnopol broke down In
our fire. ..-'' -, .'.. y.
Archduke Carl's front: Russians
resumed attacks between Zlota Lipa
and Dniester After unsuccessful
charges finally succeeded in pressing
back the middle of the front.
In the Carpathians the enemy OBJ
tanned small advantages in combats
southwest of Seabie and Schipoth.
MANY other n1anaS the enemy attack
ed without success. .. .:...
In Balkans seven works of Turtu-
kai, among which armored batteries,
were stormed. North of Dobric our
gallant Bulgarian comrades drove
back stronger Rumanian-Russian for
ceS. 49,. ~
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1916-09-07
WE. ARMSTRONG,
EMBEz1ER, IS
GIVEN PARDON
Governor Frees Young Mar
Whose Friends lnterceded
Many Months Ago

William F. Armstrong. convicted on
January 4, 1916, on charge of EN-.
bezzlement and sentenced TO Oahu
prison, has been pardoned by Gov.
ernor Pinkharn, the pardon to go into
effect on September 16, one day be-
fore Armstrong; term is to expire.
The governor issued notice cf the par.
don today.
Armstrong; sentence at the time he
was committed to the territorial
prison was for not less than one and
three-fourths years nor more than ~
years. BY the act Of pardon the
prisoner does not lose his civil rights.
The fight which Armstrong made
before his conviction for the alleged
embezzlement of three Olaa bonds be-
longing TO the local Moose Lodge at
tracfed much attention over the en-
lire territory. Armstrong was treas