South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1916-06-06
HAITI IS TORN
BY REVOLUTIONS
One Continual Uprising is Car.
ried on in Two
Republics.

wAsHINGON. June s. Else
where on the globe wars may be.
waged and wars may cease. but rev.
olutions go on forever. seemingly in
the two republics occupying the is
land u Haiti. Double trouble exists
there at the present time. In the
black republic on the western end Of
the island the president. supported
BY the American forces under Rear
Admiral Caperton. IS at loggerheads
with his parliament while in the
eastern republic Of Santo Domingo,
Pres Jiminez. impeached by his
chamber Of deputies. has resigned
rather than brook armed interven-
ton on the part OF the United states.
The National Geographic society
here gives complete account Of the
revoluuon-ridden. Siamese twins Of
the family of nations.
Less than two months after Co
lumbus first sighted land in the
western hemisphere he had set foot
on the northwest extremity of the is
land which ne named Espagnal (I4it-
tie SPAIN. subsequently latinized into
Hispaniola and now known as Haiti.
-Four years later Santo Domingo. on
the southeastern coast of this the
second largest isla9 cd of the Antilles.
was founded, the first European set
tlement in the new world.
Spanish Colony 200 Years.
For two hundred years Haiti. then
called Santo Domingo. remained
Spanish colony. but by the treaty of
Ryswick G69D il came under the
dominion OF Louis XIV. of France,
through a peculiar combination of
circumstances. constituting one OF
the most picturesque pages Of ad
venture in the history OF the western
world. Tortuga. lying off the north
western coast Of Santo Domingo. had
been seizad and held as the treasure
island o. a group OF adventurous
English and French seamen. led by
bold and ruthless commanders. These
privateers as they were called had
been waging "A bitter warfare against
Spanish commerce. their anirlOsity
being actuated By SPANS repressive
trade regulations Santo Domingo
had suffered greatly as a result of
lands few remaining profitable in
dustrie. was the butchering Of wild
cattle, the meat being sold TO smug-
glers The natives prepared this
mea- in huts which they called bou-
cans. and the English and French
seamGo. Learning TIE trick of curing
the meat, became butchers and hue
cancers. supplying passing vessels
with preserved beer md afterward
robbing these same ST ips
When the peace of Ryswick was
concluded so many Frenchmen had
settled on the west end OF Santo Do
rningo that this portion Of the island
was coded 10 France. A hundred
years later Spain parted with the
eastern end also. but before the
whole island came under the juris-
diction. France had begun 10 have
her troubles with the slaves whose
importation from Africa had begun
under ne spanish regime as early as
1912 While the Europeans were di-
vided among themselves over the
pro blems OF the French revolution
the negroes rose against their OPP
pressors and under the leadership Of
AUucCuitll Il NfNN & AAA G Oilf III TIC
most remarkable men ever produced
by the black ~ace, attained their
freedom T0ussaint the grandson
Of an African chief. was a military
genius who made the grave m stake
OF styling hiTcseir he Black Napol-
con MS resentment being aroused
against iris self-DroClaimed under
study Frances Nan of Destiny sent
his brother-in-!aw. I4eClerc. 10 Haiti
10 subjuscte the rebels. Through
treachery. Toussaint vas captured
and sent TO France where he died in
1908
Assumes Title of Emperor.
Dessailines, Toussaints follower
declared Haiti independent and as
sumed the t.;ic nf emperor IN 1904.
After his assassination two years
later by two Of his officers. Chris
topic and Potion. the northern sec
tor OF the island came under the
sway Of the former. a negro, while
Petior established a mulatto republic
TO the south. Jean Pierre Boyer. "a