davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30
CHIC JUDGE URGES SUPREME " -. .
*z COURT TO GUARD CONSTITUTION

Judge R. NJ. Wanamaker Of Ohio's
supreme court, III an article In the
Saturday Evening Post. discusses
evils that result from the supreme
court of the United States declaring
laws unconstitutional. Judge Wans.-
maker recommends:
That congress pass an act providing
that no state or federal statute shall
be declared null and void a. contrary
to public policy, or contrary to any
state or federal constitution. unless
be the concurrence of three-fourths
vote Of the supreme court of the
United States.
That the people see to it that their
candidates forsthe, United States sea-
ate and house Of representatives favor
such law.
That after the passage of such =
law by congress the people of the sew
*.eral states limit their own courts by
similar constitutional provision.
The article which appears under
the captain. I'VE, the People, or We,
; the Judges" is broadside at court
policies based, on precedents long es-
tablished.
Assailed Humanitarian Laws.
, 1t says:
Humanitarian laws thai required
:! years Of education and effort to pass
are continually being assailed and
! assassinated, destroyed and nullified,
found and declared to be null and
void and contrary to the constitu-
| tion,' in defiance of the will of the
people,
After pointing out that in England,
France and Germany, law-making
! bodies are supreme, Judge Wanna
maker continues:
But here in America, under a sur
! posed democracy, the supreme and
final word rests in the hands of one
or two men who control the balance
Of power in the supreme court of
the United States, whose members are
not selected by the people, nor direct
ly responsible to the people, nor re-
movable by the people, and who are
so circumscribed and isolated, in the
belief of many. that they do not know
true pulse of the people, and are out
, of tune with the times.'
The fourteenth amendment, ac-
cording to Judge Wanamaker's art
icle, has become "city of refuge" for
corporations.
The amendment provides that mo
state shall deny any person within it's
! jurisdiction the equal protection of
! the laws
This amendment, as every student
of history knows" Judge Wanamaker
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30
EVERY MAN HAS
RIGHT TO WORK


Whereas, God Almighty has given
to every man one mouth to be fed
and one pair Of hands adapted to
furnish food for that mouth. If any,
thing can be proved to be the will
of heaven it is proved by this fact,
that that mouth is to be fed by those
hands without being interfered with
by any other man who has also his
mouth to feed and his hands to labor
with. I hold, IL the Almighty had
ever made q set of men that should
do all the eating and none of the
wor:-, he would have made them with
mouths only, and no hands. and IL
he had made another class that He
intended should do all the work and
none of the eating He would have
made Them without mouths and with
all hands.-Abraham Lincoln,
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30
PRESIDENT WILSON
ON LAND MONOPn-.-,

In an address delivered in New
York City on Jan. 3, 1912. President
Wilson. then governor of New Ter
sey. made the following statement.
; We see great corporations buvinp
up mines and mineral deposits which
'hey can not use now, and do not in
eeno tc use for the present, but whose
purchase price goes into their finan-
! 'ial reckonings and constitutes part
or the basis upon which we have 70
pay the'prices charged for their prod
uct. IN this way one generation is
paying Tor what the next generation
will use.''
mat furnishes an example of the
workings of land monopoly. IT is not
confined to mining corporations. II
apples to all who are holding va1m-
aoie land out OF use. CORPORATIONS
that buy up mines and mineral de-
posts which they can not use. do so
to prevent others from using them
TheX are thus enabled to restrict pro-
auction of minerals and increase the
price. In this way the value of the
unused holdings become, as President
Wilson declared, the basis upon
which we have to pay the prices
charged for their products
In the same way withholding of
land that might be used in other
forms OF production increases prices.
! 1t is immaterial whether the land that
is withheld belongs to individuals or
corporations engaged in production
elsewhere. the result is the same 50
long as the land is Withheld from use.
An individuals owing vacant land In a
city may have no financial interest
in any improved land. But one result
OF keeping his land vacant is to hold
up rents of improved property.
There is so much to keep a Presi-
dent of the United States busy. that
Mr.. Wilson may feel that he, has not
the time to accept a suggestion that
he study further along the line of
what he observed when governor Of
New Jersey. Still, if he would do so.
it would lead him to a view of the
fact that land monopoly forms the
basis of nearly every evil with which
he has had to contend during the
past four years.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30

ously inflated valuation allowed by
Judge Sanborn.
In fixing the basis of valuation used
in determining whether or not the
rates were reasonable, Judge Sanborn
had held that in valuing the railroads
real estate, a large part of which had
been given to the road by the federal
government or bought for song 40
years ago, the road was entitled not
only to put it in Cor what it would
cost to acquire the land today in the
heart of cities and thickly populated
districts, but also to multiply that
value by Two on account Of the special
purpose for which it was to be used.
As a result. the total valuation of
the roads allowed by Judge Sanborn
was Sc. per cent greater than their
total capitalization, which, included
millions of dolls rs of watered stock!
This was too raw for Hughes, SO he
held that while the railroad was en-
titled to charge up the theoretical cost
of acquiring it's right OF way at pres
ent-althouch 1t may not have cost
one-hundredth of that amount-the
corporation was not entitled to any
fancy multiplication stunts.
But the real service of Hughes lay
in the doctrine he handed down In
this case that the paramount author
ity of congress enables it to intervene
at it's discretion for the complete and
effective government of that which
has been entrusted to its care (inter-
state commerce), ard for that purpose
and to that extent, in response to
conviction of national need, CONGRESS
may displace local laws by substitute
ing laws Of it's own"
In plain language. congress or the
federal courts can wipe out the whole
body of state railroad laws and regu-
national need.
This doctrine forms the basis of the
Republican party's platform promise
to wipe out state railroad commits
sions.
Why do the railroads want to wipe
out the state commissions and center
all authority in the interstate COM
merce commission?
The state commissions from the be-
ginning have attempted to lower
freight rates and passenger rates.
Their efforts have been largely an
nulled by the courts in such decisions
as those handed down by Hughes in
the North Dakota coal and West Vir-
ginia cent fare cases; but such liti-
CATION is expensive and keeps the peo-
pie stirred up.
The interstate commerce commits
sion, on the other hand. have saved
the roads hundreds Of millions by
abolishing free passes and rebates
and in the past two years has per-
mitted the roads to increase rates
about $5O,00O,O0O a year!
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30

community, instead of by his own ef-
forts, should pay greater :ax pro-
portlonately? Give reasons.
If you state in. your answer to the
preceding question that you are in
favor of greater tax upon unenrned
land values, then what percentage OF
this unearned value do you believe
should come back to the community,
instead of being retained by the
owner? Give reasons.
: DO you believe that land neld for
speculation should be taxed heavier
than the land used for home, agl!cul-
tural or business purr oses? Give
reasons.
do you favor the idea of setting
aside certain classes of property to be
taxed for certain purposes (for in
stance for state or county purposes
solely) without regard to the relative
burden of tax borne by the different
classes Of property? Give reasons.
DO you favor classifying property
according to its earning ability and
taxing it in proportion to that ability
Give reasons.
do you favor a system Of irdi-
rect taxation for city and county gov
ernments, similar to that now used
by the state? Give reasons"
Although the commission does not
itself express any opinion on these
matters, the San Francisco Chronicle
declares that it has -ome out for the
Single Tax: Though the Chronicle is
a. bitter opponent of the Single Tax,
its declaration looks like a recogni-
ton of the fact, that to answer the
questions properly, one must endorse
the Single Tax.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30

continues. was intended as the great
magma charta of the negro race that
had been but a short time enamel.
pated by the immortal Lincoln.
I'm using the word person tho
trainers and adopters intended it t.
mean human beings and nothing
else.'
Judge Wanamaker names these as
being among statutes nullified by fed
eral court or state courts, following
presidents of federal courts:
Labor Statutes.
Labor statutes-those-pr providing for
safety appliances to protect the life
and limb of the workingmen; sanitary
regulations in mines, workshops and
factories; workmen's compensation
laws; abolishing company stores; pro .
viding for hours Of labor, paydays,
etc.; and the right of laborers to Or
ganize and protect themselves in suc1,
organizations by denying the employ
err the right to coerce them out of a
labor union, or if they havs not join
ed such union, to prevent member
ship in such union.
Judge Wanamaker continues:
mo state statute can be passed to =
day without asking the question. Will
the supreme court of the United
States let it stand?'
mo city ordinance can be passed
today without asking the question,
will the supreme court of the United
States let it stand?'
"But why have states at all if the
states shall be mere shades and shad-
ows; if the states shall not be sover-
all the while anticipate the viewpoint
and judgment of the supreme court
of the United States and finally be
forced to surrender to the courts view
and veto of public policies?
"A judicial body was what was in
tended to be created, by the constitu-
ton of the United States, but instead
we have a political body passing upon
political questions - (not partisan
ones)-great questions of public pol.
icy affecting not only national inter-
ests but state, and even municipal in
terests, all the while exercising owe:
them the right to veto, the right to
! supervise, the right to modify, the
right to restroy?
The one crying need of the century
is to get back to. the fundamental
! principles Of Lincoln as to the para
mount power of government and
paramount purposes of government
and then apply these principles to
the new existing social, industrial,
| commercial and political conditions
of everyday life?
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30
CAMPAIGN LAUNCHED TO BRING HOME =
HORRORS AND FUTlLlTY OF WAR

newspapers and the blare and crash
of martial music. in the streets; but
there is no softer, easier way. no
short cut to claiming UP "the dogs
of war;
Present War Exhibit.
Last May the Union launched in
New York city war against war ex-
hibit which drew from 5000 to 10000
Eeople a day, and several miles of
newspaper clippings and discussions.
The exhibit was a graphic vivid pre-
sentation of the stupidity and futtlity
of the whole war system. Those who
saw it never forgot it. It was SO sim
pile child could understand 1t. so
comprehensive that it made the idea
Of world organization seem practi-
cal reality.
That original exhibit cost several
thousand dollars and several months
work and planning. But when it had
demonstrated conclusively it's success
the executive committee of the Union
authorized it's reproduction in poster
form so as to bring it within the
range Of local organizations, trade
unions, oranges. schools and colleges.
chautauquas. clubs and churches and
of those individuals who want to do
their part toward winning the battle
of democracy against mi1itarism.
The exhibit consists Of % panels C.
by feet) and seven cartoons e by
3 feet) printed in one, two and three
colors on bill poster paper suitable
for indoor and outdoor use. The pos
tiers. it is said, can be pasted on mus
lin or cardboard or simply tackled up
for temporary use. They have proved
themselves to be effective when put
up singly in a window facing the
street, or on fran stuck up behind
a soap boxer" but they are espe-
cially designed to be hung as an ex-
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30

THE WAR AGAINST WAR EXHIBIT
The cause of peace is not the
cause of cowardice. II peace Is
sought to. be defended or pre-
served for the safety of the lux
.urious AMI the ttmtd, 1t is sham.
and the peace will he base. War is
better, and the peace will he
broken. II peace is to- he main
tanned. it must be by brave men,
who have come up to the same
height as the hero, namely, the
Will to carry their life in their
hand. and stake it at any instant
for their principle. but who have
gone one stem beyond the hero and
men who have, by tkeir intcllec-
t,lal insight. or else by their moral
.cle~ alton. attained such a percen-
ton If their own intrinsic worth,
That they do not think property or
their own body sufficient good
10 Ike saved by such dcrcliction OF
principle as treating a man like a
.sheep.-Ralph Waldo Emerson.
Emerson's shrewd suggestion that
sham peace societies adorned nv men
who at the first sign of trouble bow
to the storm, but only by "private
opinion. by private conviction. by pri-
waite, dear and earnest love-" has led
the American Union Against Militar-
ism to launch 2 nationwide cam
paign to bring home to the averag re
man or woman the waste, futility and
horror OF war.
If this can be done the Union is con-
vinced that at the next so-calleld
crisis the people Of the country car
be swiftly and intelligently modified
against war. It will take courage;
it will mean standing out against jingc
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30
REFLECTS PLEA. OF ANTS.

!KElSO, Wash, Sept: 2S.-The EN-
p1oyers association Of Washington ap-
pealed to the. Granger Telephone
compahy for a. contribution to aid it
In an anti-unton campaign which it
calls the '"open shop" In reply. Man.
ager Sparkling of the. company wrote:
:. ITO start with, we don't care what
your expenses are, and we trust that
they are so large that it breaks the
association and we refuse to give one
cent to such movement. 81 :.
1--WE. do not believe in the open
shop. we believe in Unions and high
wages to working men,
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30
Fur Repairing and Remedelin&
New Offerings In
i ! Silk Hose

1t seems almost impossible to
supply the large demand for
Black Silk Hose. A new ship
ment has just arrived.
A. new lot of Black Silk Hose.
double soled, reinforced heel
and toe, and double Isle top,
Sc pair.
A new lot of Novelty Silk
Hose, with fancy stripes, 81.
to $3.50.
,Children's Tan Fiber Hose.
excellent wear, CSC value,
special. nc. Sizes 5 to 91a.
Misses Union Suits
Misses light weight fleece
union suits in Dutch neck,
elbow-or high necked, long
sleeve and ankle length.
Sizes 4, S and 6, SOC; sizes
z, 8 and o, sc.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30
COMPERS *LAUDS
ADMINISTRATION OF
PRESIDENT WILSON

TN my experience with United
States congresses during two score
years L have not seen anything
like the fine spirit toward labor,
toward the rights and welfare OF
all the people. pervading all the
branche of the Wilson administra-
ton. Labor has becn recognized
neither i'm the spirit of Difference
on the one hand, nor of patronage
on the other. ~,
"But the spirit of recognition has
been the right one:, that labor
should be made part of the national
councils: that its patriotism should
he conceded, and hat it's knowl-
edge OF its own needs should give
It paramount voice in legislation ili-
rectly and peculiarly affecting its
own rights.
'This fundamental right spirit
has guided the Wilson administra.
ton to wise and righteous labor
legislation. Because of that spirit
and its results in definite laws and
policies, how can liberty-lovine
Americans loyal to the Republic
and it's ideals fail to sustain an
executive who has done SO much
for their rcalization." -Samuel
Gompers, President American Fed
Grafton Of Labor. Washington,
D.. c., August Is, 191e.,---.-,,,---- 80,
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30

Fall overcoats, SO to $50: at
The, Big: Duluth. -
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30
BROKE HER HEART

Lady Byzantine, the prize hen that
laid $40 eggs, is dead. 1t is UNDER
stood that her inability to keep up
with prevailing market prices slowly
broke her heart.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30

Truth does not change; but the lie
changes color, often !. swearing that
white is black and black is white, ..
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30

Man is human when he loves his
fellownnan but hate ohurries him to
inhcmanity. -: :.;>s'' ,<,1 -.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30

Men seldom follow good advice un-
less they pay for Il -. - ~
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30

The proud heart may be In want
and vet cover up it's needs with snowy
pomp. '~,' .<;,.I = = ::
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30

The Labor World is read by union
men. Advertise your Label Goods
in it.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30
NJ ~ FaI! Suits
IL for Boys

We have a dandy assortment
of Boys Suits in fancy mix
lures and Good Blue Serge.
The kinds that give pleasure
and wear. 4.95 to $500.
Sizes 8 to l6 years.
Boys Fall Blouses in light
weight blue and gray fan
mel. Good values at 60c.
:Blouses in other materials,
soc.
Boys and Girls Flannelette
Pajamas, so comfortable and
warm. One and two pieces;
sizes 4 to. 16, $500 to $3.50.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1916-09-30
. = : 81" @'@ -. .-'>. :.
Th !! !. Block
Come See Our Garment Floor

!
Exclusive Gowns Suits Coats designed to
artistcay contribute to the aembage Fashions
Decree Just and the things have on hand
You'll like the prices, TOO
Suits of Broadclot Wool Bolivia Cloth and
$19.75 to $500. S~
Dresses of Satin chaeuse Crepe Meteor and Serge at
Portable price range: =. -: -.
Blous Of Georgee Pussy Willow Crepe de Chine Radum
Taeta Satin Silk Broadcloth Crepe
is popular and new. 80
Coats in modelsfor women, misses and clden-Bolvias
Vicunas Broadcloth Soft Vclours Novelty Most
of them trimmed with fur.
Medium Weight Under&arments
Just before the blood begins quicken
sons change the time protect yourself from cold
We ready with best values light suits in
dozen different styles; low neck seeveess wing elbow; Dutch
neck elbow; high neck elbow; high neck long Sleeves
eral different makesN1unsing, Richeeu Carers at
single price, 500 each. Extra sizes, $685.
Fur Repairing and Rsmedelin&
What ideal time remodeng reparng Just before
winter prices n and just when unpackng
sons furs August sale but August prices still prevail
We want to keep the prices down long ab
want to give Duluth opportunity get acquainted
with expert fur SERVICE Better get prices you
decide.
Ne~ Offerings In New Fail Suits
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-03-18

Mr.. wiiliam Collins. os the f,svn OF
T. reaiins = Son. s'orthlr Middls-
tswn. Ky- breeders and trsinsrs OF
hs horssa WIN arrive In Sumter, nsxt
Ysck yith sssar-load rof saddle ana
Arnsss horsss which he viii oGsr for
: ic TO those wanting fine horses Cor
srsonal 'uss or show purposeac Mr..
oliins attended tho Sumter Horse
how last fall with a,strins OF horses
&nd vas,ths winner Of numbsr Of
1rtxss.e He b we'll knewa thraughovt
Ne msda'o west among horsemen and
= highly cstsesned as " horse show
tudss.z Hs recently served a. one of
: comuaittss Of thrsc to umpire the
ttudsnss hcsss judsing contest at
the University OF Missouri. his asso-
eiatss lesins the professors of animal
husbandry of two Of the leading col.
1esss sf ths miadis wsst. A horse
purchase4, from Mr.. Collins has back
OF II his personal guarantee.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-03-18

Case Asaisnst GIbests WlaI &C. to CIR
cltit Court. = \:

The preliminary In the, case of the
STATE against Mrs Sussana Gilbert
Miss Estelle Gilbert. Miss Ruby GIL
bArt. Ellis Gilbert. Lawton Gilbert and
Rawton Gilbert of the Liberty Hill
section Of Lee county who are charg-
ed with assault and battery Of a high
and aggravated nature In making an
assault on Miss Emily Broadway of
Psxville. teacher In the Liberty Hill
school, was waived Monday morning
in the magistrates court at Bishop
Vile and viii be taken into the cir
cult court for trial at tho next term.
Monday morning several automo-
biles from Paxville and vicinity and
Ia large number of others from that
section passed through Sumter on the
war to Bishopville to attend the pre-
|iiminasy. later returning when the
preliminary was waived. Hiss Broad
way Was principal OF the. school and
was ut upon and beaten for expelling
one Of the Gilbert girls, The people
Of Paxville were much insensed at
the treatment accorded Miss Broad
way. -s-.3is
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-03-18
seaweed May be Future Fertilizer.

.
Because of the shortage df potash.
due to the European conflict, chemists
OF the United States are turning their
attention. to the production of other
fertilizers for use in the South. One
OF the sources of supply Is kelp or
seaweed, as 1t is commonly called.
Practically an .inexhaustible supply
Of kelp Is to b. found In the Pacific
Ocean or the coasts Of California,
Oregon and Washington. This kelp is
high In potash and makes an ideal
fertilizer Millions Of tons of kelp
grow annually In the Pacific Ocean.
1t can lie transported to the South
for between IS and $8 a ton.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-03-18
Death q lew n. Hoys.

From The Daily Item. March al5.
Y Law r. Hoyt. . son OF Mr.. Harry A.
Heyt Of this city. died this morning
- seont 10, o'clock at the home soi
H. sAslA Mr.. w. ~. Graham. astsz
|sa' illisss sf.rsswsrai. ) uaenths aged
about sssysArA sess..f.s I.
He is survived by his wife and two
|childrtn. besides his father.
e Mr.. Hoyt was a. sraduate Of Glenn.
son College and for . number Of ysars
has been in the employ Of the Sea.
hoard Air Lima Railroad company at
1acksonyillA Tla.. where. he was as
sistant ensinesr Of the Southern Di-
vision ',t the road. gs
Tha funeral services will be held
ut ~ o'clock Thursday from the rest
dance .sf Mr. w. M. Graham. ssa
Church. street.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1916-03-18
HAVE NARROW ESCAPE FROM
FIRE


Mr.. J. w Minis Of Paxville and
several Of his children and grand
children. according to reports receiv-
cd here. had a. narrow ss<ape from
death early Tuesday morning when
Mr.. Minis residence was burned with
his stables and other buildings adja-
cent to his home. The family were
asleep at the time and we're awaken
- oifiy q short time before the roof
saxs way. and fen tn Nothing wa.
saved from the residence. the mem-
Dsss Of the family having no time
even to- snatch up their clothing and
taks'it out with them when they were
2 II 'la reported that Mr.. Aiims had
no insurance on his house and other
euildinss and the loss = q heavy, one
to hirn. probably amounting to sever
~ thousand dollara 4