davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-10-22

to require that Japan not bind herself
to European nations in a manner to
endanger her market in the United
States. 1t is a very good market for
teas and silks and a great variety of
Japan's artistic products in the form
OF curios. If any of these products
should be shut out. none of the Euro
pean countries would be likely to af-
ford compensating market.
Trade relations between Japan and
the United States are governed by the
treaty of commerce and navigation
which was negotiated by Secretary
Knox during President Taft's admins
tration. 1t was made effective in
April. 1911, and runs for twelve years.
The general features are similar to all
treaties of commerce and navigation.
The vexatious immigration question is
covered by a Senate amendment in the
form Of a declaration that the treaty
shall not be deemed to repeal or affect
any of the provisions of the act of Con-
gress regulating the immigration of
aliens into the United States.
The commercial Intercourse Of the
two countries is defined in article v,
which provides that the import duties
on articles the products of manufac.
ture OF the contracting parties shall
be regulated either by treaty between
the two countries or by the internal
legislation Of each. A protocol pro-
vides that, pending the conclusion of
treaty relating to tariff. the provis-
ions relating to tariff in the treaty Of
1894 shall be maintained. These are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-10-22
Japan's Cohesion to the Allies Economic Pact
And Its Probable Bearing the United States

States, from India and from other
sources. The product Is principally
yarn and the coarser fabrics. but there
is a steady advance toward making
the finer fabrics. and in another decade
it is claimed that japan, at the present
rate of progress, is likely to rival
Manchester in large variety of cot
ton cloths.
It may be assumed that the Chinese
market for textiles is the chief prize
that Japan seeks. but this is not quite
correct. She seeks the markets of the
entire east. and Australia and India
are included in her field.
Eight or ten years ago Japanese cot
ton products got a foothold in India,
and some uneasiness was manifested
by the native Indian mills, which
were under British industrial restric-
ton for the benefit of Manchester. The
British government had seen to it that
the cotton industry in India should
not become too serious competitor
of the English mills. This was done
by the India government, which, of
course, is a creature of the British
foreign office, imposing internal duties
on the product of the native mills equal
to the tariff duties which were i'm
posed for revenue purposes. While the
object was to protect the British manu-
facturers, Japan. when she entered the
India market, found the countervailing
internal tax protection for herself,
inasmuch as the revenue duty was not
discriminatory and her cottons paid
the same rate that English cottons
paid.
When the present war caused the
Germans and Austrians who were In
business in India to be driven out, 1t
was noted that their places were taken
by the alert Japanese. Consequently,
the end of hostilities may see Japan
pretty strongly entrenched In the India
market at the expense Of the British
merchants and manufacturers who
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-10-22

Element by freedmen. and Gen. r. Sax
ton was made inspector of settlements
and plantations.
Soon after this Congress established
the bureau of freedmen. refugees and
abandoned lands. The bureau was at
tached to the War Department, and in
May, 1865, the President appointed Maj.
Gen. Oliver o. Howard, then in COM
mand of the Army of the Tennessee, as
the head of the bureau. with the tile
of commissioner. Gen. Howard ap-
pointed ten assistant commissioners.
nine of them being army officers. AS
assistant commissioner of the bureau
for the District of Columbia he ap-
pointed Brig. Gen. John Eaton. jr, who
was relieved by Brig. Gen. ]. S. Full
lerton in December. 1865. and he was
relieved by Brig. Gen. C. H. Howard
in February, 1866.
April rs, 1857, David Barry, trustee.
and Mrs. Julian Barry sold to John
R. Elvans of Washington city. for
$4,000, 374 and a fraction acres of
the st. Elizabeth tract. The Rambler
has read the deed, which was executed
in the presence of William Martin,
George F. Gulick and r. NJ. Hall. May
8, 1867. John r. Elvans and his wife,
Georgiana, conveyed to Samuel c. Pom
roy, a senator from Kansas, and Gen.
oliver O. Howard, 'as trustees. all that
certain part or parcel of tract of
land situate and being in said county
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-10-22
Americans as Gun Makers.

IT HE invention of the aeroplane, the
submarine, the Lewis machine gun
and other destructive agencies of war
emphasizes the fact that though Amerf-
cans may be peace-loving people, they
have been quick in bringing into the
world the most powerful and ingenious
weapons.
Away back in the days of the Ameri-
can revolution American small arms
were famous, and these guns caused
Gen. Howe to write home about 'the
terrible guns of the rebels" At that
time Americans were a nation of gun
makers and gun-users, and an author
ity has written.
I'm the colonial days the residents of,
the Atlantic seaboard were the greatest
users of guns of their period. and gum
makers shops We're in every city and
town. With little knowledge Of the
science of ballistics, these men per-
Lected the American rifle that was Q.
FACTOR of great moment in the revolu-
ton when welded by the sharp shoot
ing. keen,eyed men of the colonies"
From about 1900 until a period near
the time of the outbreak of the civil
war The jaeger rifle, made at the United
States arsenal and rifle factory at Har.
pers Ferry, and generally known as
the "Harpers Ferry rifle" stood at the
mead OF the list for efficiency as a mill.
tary rifle. 1t was an American who in.%
vented the revolver. Col. Samuel Colts
first vital patent was taken out in 1885,,
but at the beginning the army and
navy officers looked with suspicion or
aversion upon the device. The Semi
mole war, in 1887, gave the inventor his
first opportunity. and his revolver
proved effective in terrifying the In
dams of Florida. 1t came iato use In
large numbers during the Mexican war
in the hands of Texas Range s. The
revolver of that period was lar Cifer-s
emit from the type of today. The DOW
der had to be dropped into the six holes /.
the bullets then placed on top and
rammed down by lever; percussion
caps affixed back of each charge and-
the hammer pulled back after each
shot
Then there was the invention of Rich. =,
ard J. Calling. who brought forth tae
first serviceable machine gun of tie
world. A writer on military weapons
has said that "in the Yankee group Of
inventors ranks Eliphalet Remington,
jr-. of the same period as Colt; Ma kim
of Maine, the inventor of EnglandS
best rapid-firing guns, and Parrot. who
made the great smoothbores of the last
century"
Among Americans who did much in
the development of heavy ordnance
were Dahlgren and Rodman. inventors
and designers Of the most effective big
guns of the civil war, and Col Bonn
ford of New York, who designed and
superintended the building of the great
Columbiads.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-10-22

merely the customary provisions re-
garding mutual trade intercourse.
4
It was understood that Japan was
ready and even anxious to negotiate q
new commercial treaty on the basis Of
reciprocity. but the tariff policy Of the
present national administration did not
embrace treaties of this kind. and, con-
sequently, no steps have been taken.
Should Japan, in pursuance of the
war after war economic policy OF the
European allies commercial ADVANTAGES
not conceded to the United States, Q
most interesting situation would dcvel-
op. Until the time comes, if ever,
when the allied powers shall seek to
put that policy into effect. the United
States will not be under the necessity
of defining her own policy. It un-
doubtedly will be one of aggressive
self-defense. If discriminatory tariffs
shut her out of certain markets, pub.
lie sentiment is pretty sure to require
that the countries discriminating shall
be denied concessions in the market Of
the United States.
should Japan, as a part Of the pro-
gram of the economic alliance, give
England and France and Italy and Bel
gfum tariff concessions without ex-
tending the same to this country, she
hardly could expect that her teas and
silks and artistic products would be
ment in the markets Of the United
States
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-10-22

witnesses named are r C. Dom and B.
X. Morsell.
Mr. Blagden. between the purchase of
thirty-eight acres in 1874 and his sale to
the government in 1852 purchased an
other part of the tract which David Barry
had in the meantime sold to George
Semmes.
1t was August 16, 1912, that David
Barry sold to George Semmes of the
county of Washington 1874 acres of the
st. Elizabeth tract for s4.627. On the
same date George Semmes executed
deed of trust against the land to James
C. Barry to secure the payment to
David Barry of s1,627. 1t was this
tract which Mr.. Blagden bought in
1874.
On March -, 1s49, deed was record
ed whereby Thomas Perkins sold to
Thomas Blagden for $3.50 that part of
ST. Elizabeth comprising seven acres,
three roods and fourteen perches con
veyed to Thomas Perkins by Nathaniel
Brady September rs, 1845."
Among the records at the city hall
bearing on st. Elizabeth and its own
ers is a bill of sale recorded August
26, 1S43, which the Rambler feels Is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-10-22
BY CHARLES M. PEPPER.


0APAN adheres to the economic al
lance of the entente powers.
al This means that the leading
~ Asiatic power leagues herself
with the European belligerents to con-
tinue war after the war.
The news of Japans adhesion was
given out somewhat guardedly. It was
known that japanese statesmen were
in doubt how far they should go in
binding themselves to economic poll
cies that are actually war policies, al
though not expected to be inaugurated
until the peace from arms comes.
It was a question how far Japan's
interests seemed to point in the direc-
ton of putting economic letters on
herself in world trade. The conclu-
sion seems to have been reached that
the letters would really not hamper
her freedom of action. and that they
might be advantageous. The basis OF
this view Is that there must be con-
tinuous economic warfare with Ger
many in the far east.
The present attitude of Japan is not
exactly what 1t was in the earlier
clared that Japan was unable to ac-
cede to Great Britains request to an
nounce a prohibition Of trading in the
far east with citizens of hostile ma
tons
The British government had promul-
gated a regulation forbidding trading
with nationals of Germany and Aus
tria in China, Siam and Persia. 1t was
the forerunner of the blacklist. Eng
land wanted an assurance that Japan
would adopt similar measures.
The Japanese government, it was re-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-10-22

themselves expected to absorb the
trade formerly held by Germany and
Austria.
Another question of the future is how
far Japan has obtained an entrance in
to the Russian market for machinery
and kindred products. That she has
been supplying Russia with huge guam
titles of munitions and other arms is
we'll known. It Is partly the basis of
her present prosperity, and even has
enabled her, according to news dis
patches, to loan Russia $35,000,000.
Some intimations have been given
that Japan's Industrial development has
now reached the point where she will be
able to supply a considerable quantity
and variety OF machinery for which
Russia is the best market. This. how
ever. would be for Siberia. since on ac-
count of transportation Japan hardly
could be one of the countries to- share
In the machinery trade with Russia
proper which Germany formerly had.
Britishers in the far east are less
complainant over Japan's adhesion to
the economic pact than Is the home
government. They recognized the
political value Of the original Anglo
Japanese treaty. but they realized that
Japan was not going to ignore the ma
terial advantage to herself from it. She
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-10-22

women's clothing works. spinning and
silk-throwing mills, glass works. pot
teries. securing and washing wool, all
kinds Of products elaborated from an
branches.
At Grenoble they see the glove max
ing. 1t Is the center Of Alpine auto.
mobile touring. and up the highway OF
the clouds to Briancon.
Now follow them from rGenoble. with
It's snap button factories and fancy
leather finishing, through the white
coal regions as they call the water
ned by country peasants solve the
problem Of cheap labor and local pros
perity. At Voiron it is cheap silk,
spun silk, paper and antiseptic dress
ings. At st. Laurent-du-Port whale
bones for corsets; at Bourg de Pom
charra. more cheap paper mills and silk
waste cardings. At Bourg de Brig
mould. they find ferro-alloy and rare
metal works hidden in wild gorges.
and at Bourg de Froges, aluminium
ware. turned out by peasant hand
work and hydraulic energy. The farm
ers have electric light in their cow
stables.
They lunch at the Grand Chartreuse.
Chambery to see chamois-skin Dress
ing. through lovely Annecy by its lake.
then up and down to st. Gervais.
Chamounix, Evian and Thonon on
Lake Leman. all beauty spots where
health-resort industries bring riches in
summer. and peasant handwork. done
at home, produces quantities OF spe-
cialties.
In the Jura district It is handicapped
briar pipes, canes and umbrellas.
Oyonnax is noted for its country fac
tories" of combs, hafrpfns. boxes and
articles of horn and celluloid. All
around. in the Jura. they do diamond
cutting-most Of the "reconstttuted
rubies" and cheap gems for the world
are cut there. At places like Morez-
du-Jura they stumble on enameled
goods, goldsmithing and spectacle and
spyglass grinding. with industrial
schools for the same. ana hand-em-
broidered lingerie.
Down to PontarliAr and Mouthier
way they come on moro hydraulic en-
ergy. with little factories everywhere.
At Besancon they md a grand industry
Of Matchmaking, decorations and In
struments Of precision. From ont -of,
the-way valleys como the artificial
silks" vegetable silks" and similar
novelties which periodically create
furore. And SO. via Morteau, with Its
cheap and fancy clocks. and Mont
beltard. with all kinds Of weaving.
spinning, fancy tanneries and nne 1ur-
niture, they arrive at Belfort, the
''Verdun Of 1870" tho grand old grench
fortress which never surrendered.
The trip ends at Belfort.
But who can count the banQuets, re-
ceptions, fraternizings. sanplings. In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-10-22

hardly could be expected to forego the
geographical benefit of proximity in the
far eastern market.
Yet, when it came to her own in
dustries Japan showed how highly she
valued the treaty as a political asset.
A revision of the tarff which had aeen
agreed upon by the diet would have
encouraged the Japanese textile and
machine industries to the detriment of
Manchester. Sheffield and Birmingham.
The British manufacturing public,
which saw a prospective heavy loss in
its Japanese trade, became alarmed and
insisted that the home government tell
Japan she mustn't do it The British
trade interests, told Japan, in dfplo-
matte language. that she mustn't do it.
And Japan failed to do 1t.
The proposed tariff was withdrawn
and new one substituted, which,
while giving some encouragement to
japanese home Industries. left the
market open to Manchester. Sheffield
and Birmingham. The British officials
subjects in the far east over Japan's
commercial enterprise, and their appre-
hension over her participation as a
partner in the economic pact, doubtless
have this experience in mind.
X
The United States is Interested, If
not concerned, in the adhesion Of ia
pan to the economic compact Just as it
is interested in the pact as a European
alliance. Japan at one time was re-
ported to hesitate to adhere to the
alliance out of concern over the posi-
BILE effect on her trade relations with
the United States. Perhaps in the end
1t would prove better If she had car
ried her concern to the point of not
adhering at all. but that is a specula-
tive question.
Prudent national policy would seem
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-10-22
amber Tells of st. Elizabeth and Barry Farm

Of Washington and on the eastern
side of. and on the Eastern branch oe
the Potomac river, and known as part
Of the original tract Of g Elisaosth.
the consideration named was $40. The
instrument IL q long one. The truss
tees were:
To hold the same in trust for the beneat q
ana freedmen. said Institutions being incor-
St or a a It IL
in the state Of Virginia and the third IN
the state Of North Carolina and upon further
premises hereby conveyed in such manner ~
they shall in the exercise of their best judy
ment consider most conducive toward veliev-
ing the immediate necessities Of ths poor col
ored persons in said District Of Columbia,
thereof. selling the same in parcels or IN such
manner as may By them Be deemed best. al
sna . trust ... a, or ss::
ceived from or on account Of said land. any
Il. b .e al:
transferred to said institutions or unfversitfeo
In equal portions. one third each.
81
This was the beginning of tho per-
manent settlements Of colored people
beyond the Anacostia. They had gath.
cred in considerable numbers around
the forts on tho ridge between the
Eastern branch and Oxon run ana
borough lands. Hundreds OF refugees
came from the counties Of southern
Maryland and the southeastern part OF
the District. which had been q large
slave-holding section. Two local insta-
buttons growing out OF tho situation Ct
the colored people were the Freed
mems Hospital and the Association
for the Relief of Destitute Colored
Women and Children.
The purchase of large tract and ite
division into lots which poor oolored
people could rent on very low and
easy terms and at length buy was one
plan for relieving a situation which
was pressing even two years after the
close of the civil war. 1t was this
thought which was In the minds OF
Gen. Howard and Senator Pomroy, and
for aught the Rambler knows to the
contrary, also in the mind Of John r.
Elvans when they took over that part
of st. Elizabeth. which. notwithstand-
ing various, villages have grown up on
1t. is still called Barry farm"
large part of the people of Wash.
ington knew Gen. Howard. He was q
major general by brevet at the time he
came to Washington. and he had mill
tary honors earned on the field. He
was commissioner of the freedmen's
bureau from March. 1855, to July, 1874.
and was instrumental in founding that
institution which in his honor was
named Howard University. He left
Washington to take command Of the
military Department of the Columbia,
and the events of his campaign against
the Nez Perces. the Bannocks and the
Piutes in 1877 and 1873 are duly re-
corded in history. He was commits
stoned as major general in the regular
military establishment and was retired
in 1894. He was prominent in the prepa-
rations made by the United States for
the war with Spain. and during that
ha v,,l1s 90 Ix-;e
dent Mckinley. He died at Burlington,
VT. October 20, 1909.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-10-22
PHOTO r E

spections, pleasure parties. chateau
visits trips in motor cars to romantic
ruins and modern industrial plants
which tumble up in this delightful
visit?
In trips of this kind. when you are
business men. in a party and expected
to arrive, with fixed itinerary. newly
awakened France says, like the Spanish
grandee: THE house is yours"
Would you like, personally, to join
trade excursion to France?
The germ of it comes from America.
In certain states of the middle west
the business men of larger cities like
Chicago. Detroit and Cleveland organ
ize, winter and summer alike, what
they call trade excursions, and they
notify their customers in the towns 10
be traversed that they will arrive on
such and such day. 1t gives eclat
They take their wives.
French consuls know the practice
Also there have recently been in Paris
wide-minded French traveller in mil
linery goods and the head of one or
the largest cloak concerns of CleVe-
land, let us say, or Pittsburgh. They
go on all these local trade excur-
sions, visiting the women's ware houses
in good sized towns OF Tennessee, Ala
bama and Kentucky. for example, on
one excursion, and another time they
take in Iowa and Nebraska or Ohio and
West Virginia If there be competl.
tors they fraternize for the trip, ana
6CS hosctHeI Oh Il seat anu LA
up. The chances are they sell mostly
to different customers.
They keep their eyes open at the
same time for any kind of local prod
ucts which they might be able to- ex-
plot at home. They buy as well as
sell. or turn the product over to
friend. They seek new ideas.
Now. this is what they want to or
ganize for France.
France must sell as well as buy.
Excursions of American business
men, buyers and sellers, should be pro-
moted-such Is the fundamental idea
openly and frankly. in a business way
to visit France once or twice year,
announcing their program, and having
q cordial understanding with the
French government, which would well
come and even promote their coming.
Properly announced, they would ma
all France thrown open to them.
be sure, France will welcome such
trade excursions and send French
trade excursions in return to America
The excursionists will pay their own
expenses, but reduced by com b1nations
ana concessions, while local invitations,
entertainments and excursions VIII AID
able.
Keep your eyes open.
write to the American Manufactur-
ers Export Association Of New York
Tor the report Of the present mission
to France. when i'll shall be completed
STERLING HEILiG.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-10-22

industrial and commercial associations.
visit factories making baccarat crys-
tai glass, automobiles, aeroplanes and
other special products. At Limoges
and study the output Of sheepskins.
hatters' fur and gloves At Aubusson.
they tour the carpet looms and tapes
try works.
At C1ermont-Ferrand the chief Amer
lean interest is IN candied fruits. choc-
olates. bonbons, women and girls
ready-made clothing and chemical
products until you can't rest. Also
novelties in rubber goods and tinware.
Almost anywhere, be it said in pass
ing. the wideawake American can find
such novelties In lines deemed at first
glance to be uninteresting- At St
Etienne 1t is laces. velvets ana I'D
bons-i60 factories furnish the silk or
turn out the finished products. AT
Rive -de-Gier they see the metallurgi-
cal establishments, glass works, the
famous leather -dressing and the silk
mills.
heavy silks, brocades. spun silk. wells
and yelling, metal fabrics and threads,
braids. hats. corsets. women's wearing
apparel and lingerie, chemical prod
ucts and drugs.
Down the valley of the Rhone they
enjoy sweet repose among the old
world cities. Vienne. Valence, Orange.
Avignon,t Tarascon, Mines. Aries. yet
everywhere among them the practiced
commercial eye discovers little local
products. often not well known. which
might easily mako a hit in America.
And such a trip. combining business
and pleasure, makes a prompt negatfon
of the contention of certain America n
importers that they know already Gin
Paris) what France has to offer.
Here. indeed, Is somthing which
many smart people are beginning to
realize suddenly. France has been
sulking In her tents. SO to speak. these
forty-six years. since the defeat OF
1871. Living under that cloud OF de-
preston, France scarcely tried to push
her commerce in the old sense. of the
days when her ships were on all the
seas. Now the nation wakes again
and the business world is rediscovering
France.
Look out! I'm Marseille created the
in 1913. be ready for the magnificent
ideas which she will spring on US in
1917 and 1918!
y 4
At Marseille they visit a candle fac
tory. an olive Oil refinery. q soap fac
tory and lunch at Roubion's as guests
Of the chamber Of commerce. There
ore nifty soap factories, and certain
chemical works consume 1000 tons Of
soda Der year. There are bag fac
tories. special tanneries. lingerie and