davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1916-05-26
LITTLE CHICKS SHOULD BE PRO
TEcTED FROM VEaKIN.
R. H. WAITE,
Maryland Agricultural Experiment
Station.

r. II. WAITE,
Maryland Agricultural Experiment
Station
One of the worst things to contend
with in the brooding of young chicks,
with hens, is lice. Most hens have
lice, and if the old brood hen has them,
nothing is more certain than that she
will very quickly pass them CT 10 tle
chicks. Lice do not trouble TIE cid
hen so much, because they are so
much smaller than she is, but with the
little chick it is different II does not
take many lice on a young chick to
kill it.
The best treatment" for lice on lit.
tie chicks is to kill the lice on the old
hen before she matches the chicks.
Chicks are so delicate they do not
withstand much doping, but, of course.
il you have been so careless as to let
them get infested, you will have to do
something. Lice do most damage on
the young chicks head, hence this is
the part usually treated. A very small
amount of lard or vaseline spread over
the top of the head will kill the head
lice.
Chicks must be carefully protected
from enemies. There are no rules for
this, each brooding place being a prob
lem in itself and each requiring a DIFF
ferent solution. The principle thing is
to anticipate the trouble if possible
and take precautions early enough 10
prevent the enemies from getting
start Prevention, aside from saving
some Of the chicks, is much easier
than trying to cure. Be on the lookout
tor rats, crows, hawks. weasels. etc.
about the place and take measures
that viii keep them away from the
chicks or keep the chicks away from
the enemies. Enemies to poultry viii
be more fully discussed in another les.
son.
Wet grass is fatal to chicks if the
old hen is allowed to drag" them
through it, While the grass is wei
in the mo7ning OF after rains. the her
should be con- red. that is if she is in
the hat OF roaming around in grass
tall eao1--l to - the chicks
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1916-05-26
de TO TEACHING
AGRICULTURAL IS ISSUED



elementary vocational Asrleuituft
lor MaISiahu SCHOOLS tne hrst text
pook OF us nature ever issued by an
agricultural college, mas been pre-
pared oy the states Relations Service
OF the United states Department OF
Asflcuiture' IN cooperation win the
Maryland Agrieultural College and the
Maryland state Department OF fuoiic
Education. 1t Is designed TO interest
tAe ehiluren OF rural Maryland IN the
ihinss tnst are gong on around them'
ana the mary lana AAflcV''ural college
mas arranged to f7AisA II to the
sehools OF the a'a at g.
Inc lessons N Vocaa,hal a.-icul-
lure Huti.i by H. y N Ier'
speei-.ias ~ a cultural education
with tne states l'elati1ls Service un,
der tne uirection OF 9. y. lane ehiet
speelailst IN agrlcuitu edueatoh
Win the service. ihe technical con
tents. Which nave special reference 70
maryland conallons' We're turnisheo
oy the following professors OF the
Malyiahd Asrlcuitural Collese; W a.
a. Ialiaierro' 5. :. Buckley ). 3. >
Nortoh' herman Beekenstra'er' j. +.
Met@ger' H. II, turner, Il. N Sery' b.
w. Ahspoh, I. u bruce Niehoias
.sehmitz, q. n. Wolcott' Roy H. waite
W. t. bailard ana Ahomas H. mite
Lessons are timely
Ihe lessons are outlined after
'lohthly sequence plan ana aaapted 10
lae seasonal agricultural ana sehooi
CONDITIONS OF MaryianH by presenting
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1916-05-26
GET SOUND BREEDING STOCK TO
PRODUCE WINTER LAYERS.
ROY Il. WAITE,
Maryland Agricultural Experiment
Station

Let US begin now to prepare for a
flock that will produce eggs for US
next winter. To many paople chick
en- IS just a chicken. Little do they
stop to realize that the way chicken
is made or build up determines to a
large extent its usefulness as layer
Most persons realize pretty fully the
general requirements OF strong
building They know that it is neces-
sarr to have a solid foundation and
then that it is essential to make each
step or section Of the construction just
as strong They know that it does
not do any good to put lot of time,
energy, and expense into making the
top part of building substantial if
the foundation or lower part is weak
But these same people, many Of them,
seem to forget these things when they
start building a flock Of chickens,
which they expect win be strong
enough, and healthy enough to with
stand a severe winter and have enough
energy left to produce eggs.
The foundation Of the poultry flock
is the breeding stock II it is i'll ma
tured, poor. sickly or improperly
nourished It will be a waste of time to
try to breed from it. The resulting
ilock will hardly pay for its keep. Il
q the other hand your stock is we'll
matured. in good flesh, healthy and
properly nourished you have the pep
er foundation for a good flock for egg
production next winter
It win pay most any one to take a
little trouble to select out few of the
strongest ard healthiest, most vigor-
Gus birds and save only eggs from
these for Matching. Sometimes it may
be best to Gull out the poor birds from
the flock and keep them separated
for time or what is probably better
sell them for market or cat ths1n
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1916-05-26
INCREASED EAY YIELDS
FROM TOP DRESSING
Experiments Prove Use OF Fertilizers
In The Spring Most Profitable.
NICHOLAS sCHMITz,
Maryland Agricultural College
Extension Service.

Extension Service.
The production Of the average tim
othy meadow in Maryland is very far
below what it can be made to yield
proftably in both quality and yield per
acre The low yields and poor quality
are not due so much to poor germina-
ton and poor stand in the spring after
seeding as to the crowding out Of the
timothy by weeds Where weeds are
the determining factor the remedy IS
sowing the timothy, or timothy and
clover, alone in the early fall, not with
grain crop, but after the grain crop
has been harvested and a fine, firm
seeded prepared
Where the stand Of timothy is fair
the yield can be profitably Increased
by the use Of commercial fertilizers.
Extensive tests at the Maryland Ex-
pertinent Station with various kinds
and combinations of fertilizers have
shown beyond question that the best
fertilizer for timothy is nitrate Of soda
and acid rock. The proper amount
10 apply depends of course upon the
fertility Of the soil, but ordinarily
nitrate Of soda should be applied at
the rate of from 15O to $50 pounds
per acre, and if a combination Of acid
rock and nitrate Of soda is used. equal
Garts. the mixture should be applied
at the rate of 200 to 45O pounds per
acre. Such an application under
ordinary conditions may be expected
10 give an increase in yield of from
to IL tons per acre.
The time Of applying the fertilizer is
very important 1t should be applied
as soon as the grass begins to green,
which is usually the latter part Of
March or the first of April The rurly
DUPLICATION Of the fertilizer is abso-
iutely necessary for maximum returns,
for the fertilizer can not be made use
Of by the plant until it has been dis
solved and carried down into the soil.
The early application makes use Of
the early rains.
Many farmers have been dieap.
pointed when using nitrate Of soda
because they have applied it too late
or at a time when there was not sufH-
cient moisture to dissolve it, so that
the timothy would get full use of
what was applied before maturing.
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1916-05-26
NOTICE.

Desirious Of making a change in
business, all persons indebted to us.
are respectfully requested to call and
settle their accounts on or before July
1st, 1915.
A strict compliance with this request
will be greatly appreciated.
Respectfully,
WARING & MCDANIEL,
Apr. 2l-3t. Pomonkey-
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1916-05-26
FAKh FoR SALE.

A nice farm Of about 100 acres near
Ifonsides for sale. Buildings all in
good repair. AUply to.
A. POSEY & son,
Attorneys.
Maryland independent. [volume] (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1874-current, 1916-05-26
Use LIE FREELY
III SOL GuIDIEG
The Kind 70 Use And How 10 A7p1
1t Economically.
II. J. PATTI ESON,
Marlland AerInnltmrnl rnlnca-

r, $50
- ''e Atiiu u i'i''e 70 aFpi9 VIII ee
.'l'' ','i''os' sl''lle eis upon 'ie ieia'iye
s,aa,'. n. ~ :, V.,i'' ,. s'i' ioiiis' ne man
a.. l'i',ioa s, .. i,,'g '3 y correct se'oi'y'
',s'..,5,, -ns iplin ~ - 'lll7 pu' y require.
Ti.,.l.-, - ~ ~ - iHu'i Ntoallu
- - ~ '''''',''', "'iu = 'iAies
- - 80 ~ ui '''eu i-'i''e as n1fhee
MI ,,t'- - ~ '''e a"ii.e amount OF sa'u
80 '-,',-.'9 = W "i'i''' we Ia" ma
-. - : s'oui'i ue'sii'li'ies 20 . great
,N.' S'.'i' ''s ei'e''i' eiiess' Inc hher the
-
!" Hy1ilel We snouiu use iiile derived
- ~, . i-i.-le ','Oi'e OF OYSTER 9nelis ue
Peliu.' ., upo,l NV we are sl.uateo Wiz
80 " y el'''', 'oi'asi'ii' sli'ce ireisht
- - "'e "N 'iipor'''i' i'enl 70 con
''Tvi' J1, 80.
w, We esiii,o' say s''e' ei'ner source o.
~. ~ ' ue''''eUe'' pe'.el 'iiah tne
U''
rev TO Apply Lime,
lhe methoG OF spreading lime will
u
depend upon the kind used. If we
use Lump Lime we iaay slack it in a
large pile and spread it with manure
spreader' or It may be placed in small
pies over the field and after slack
lhg' spread with shoyeis. II the lat
Ter method is used, 20 pound heaps
Il peek] placed 20 feet apart each
way, or one bushel 30 feet each way
VIII provide about one ton per acre,
Ihe small piles have the advantage
over the larger ones in Stacking more
readily and on account of being close
together VIII not necessitate it being
thrown so far with the shovels when
spreading Mixing this Stacked Lime
win hne earth before spreading will
make II less disagreeable to handle
If the ground Stone or Hydrated
Lime be used, the most convenient
way TO distribute it viii be with lime
spreader. Caustie Lime should never
be mixed with manure or commercial
fertilizers. It is better to plow the
manure under and put the lime on top
OF the soil after blowing. II CONNER
eial fertilizer is to be used the lime
shouid De applied few weeks before
me application Of the fertilizer is
made.
Amounts OF Lime To Apply.
1t Is generally the best practice to
Apply mol less than one ton OF Burnt
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1916-08-16
Negro Sergeant Wa. . Hero.

James Hopper in Golfers Weekly.
l know of a certain expedition into
Mexico from which newspapermen
were barred-all but a few whose edi-
tors were made to go through all sorts
OF g~enufiexions in Washington and to
lay down pots Of gold as guarantee for
said reporters discretion. And these
few were kept for a month prisoners in
q camp at the rear and allowed to send
put only stories of goats and lizards.
Why, of that expedition the best
story is still unknown-the story OF
how a negro sergeant took 10 wounded
men from n train wreck for I don't
know how many miles OF q handcar.
Considered as a mere physical per-
Torrance. the feat is a remarkable one.
Have you eve pumped a handcar all
alone?
But this was in a desert. along a
rudimentary railroad Of steep grades.
And h car was not empty. but bore
10 wounded men. Besides pumping the
a alone. this negro trooper cared for
the wounded, and once he had to stop
and bury one of them.
Well. the reporters were never al
lowed to lei that story u The CEN
sorship decided that 1t was not a good
story for the people OF the United
States to know. Gee. I do hate all CEN
OOrships!
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1916-08-16
To Outlaw a Grim Weapon.

From the Springfield (Mass.) Republican.
Little notice seems to have been
drawn to the grim statement the other
day. made quite incidentally in q re-
port from Petrograd. that the Germans
in one place. having used flame prOjec-
tors. were refused quarter.
This amounts to a declaration Of out
lawry against this hideous Weapon,
which was first used in war. SO far as
known. by the crown princes army
against the French in the Argonne, but
which raj employed. together with
poison gas, in q destructive way against
the Russians in the lighting ON the
DunAlek in the spring Of 1916.
Both poisonous gas and flame projec-
tors were at first strongly denounced
by the allies. but at least, 90 far az gas
- concerned, the French and British
seem to have given their sanction by
Initiating the Germans: to outlaw its
use would now be difficult. except BY
international agreement.
IL the flame protector. which 10 APP
parently . more abhorrent thing, has
been used on only one side. It - open
70 the other to deny it, standing a.
legitimate weapon. ana - punish tt
users - though they ha4 been caught
D~ol0enin1 wells.
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1916-08-16
WHERE sHAkEspEARE,s
ENGLISH IS STILL SPONEN

From Harper's Masasfsa.
1T % said that when the Kent1sky msun-
tafneer begins to read at all, he displays
70 marked . preference for SalnsDsare
that it 10 invariably the voylB Of that
poet that have most frequently - be 20
bound I'm any library to which he has ae-
cess. The reason he himself gives A.r
peare makes his characters - always
seem 80 natural"
So also must seem the things he mains
employed by Shakespeare ana i SSs -
James version of the bible are Of sroS
soeecS fb. occurrence g r. mss;. in shs s.o.ntes
tive student of his own peoples peeuItar
show Of reason, that the pnrese 1nglss
t~ains,.however unpublished ana erode 4
may be dramatically. Archer asserts
that this racy idiom is the ene real inter-
just because the m~ountaineess ana. 1,r
the most part. either ilhteyate q abb -
see rev newspaper they ave no ste1eo-
language is in the same state Of 1utdfty
and hux that it was for Shakespeare and
n,s contemporaries. so that shey a.e al
often forced to feel around. - = were.
not only for the right word, Au1 for Tier
own word which, since they have q nat
able sense Of freshness and stylssie d.
Junction. Moreover. the very laet hat
their vocabulary Ia extpemaly nnltol
tends to foster q fanciful and lxvYattVe
form OF expression. az in the case Of the
old preacher who. referring - ne white-
haired among his auditors, ealled AoWn a
blessing upon those 'whoss heeae were
bloomin' for the grave"
But what at frst sight appsass nsst
corrupt or c%olloquial often proves o. sOser
acquaintance to possess tnexeeptionabIe
linguistic CREDENTIALS. What, foI ~
could possibly have q more bpeol6o or
Boeotian favor than the use % Is yerS
TO talk" In the sense Of 81 eo0rt" er
TO woo?" Yet. In King kAsr" Ne -
h.gan saving, precisely:
talked" aSSe
In Shakespeare also We haA .hsA" ~
helped a form Of tho prete1iae son1es
m the mountains. !. are also -VSsU: ~
'clomb'' for climbed" IL .oapps
man becomes suddenly bepeft ~ ~ 49,
es. u - said Of him that '7srys ~
Iranxy spell" and this rustic pvonNae-
tion has the authority Of ne kss = noet
authority. for "ary" and .aeSy." Isi ~
are nothing more or less thar s~ep,saSs
tons Of "e'er a" and "ne'er ar-Snsr~oe
lions. " one chooses. but noteDlr svphss-
lous and c~onvenient-and the 1oIne .sfnnd-
or and "furder" for "farthe1s MA :.S.--
sner' have exactly the game tusSaa1iA
from an genealogical point 81 vieW +.
.inuraer.. which used to Do VIieAso
"murther;" while the imporsonas psenS11
the original Anglo-8axon - e
word.
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1916-08-16
By II. v. Cam 4,

1t has become a mere platitude to
opeak of the great reforms and improve
ments in American banking brought about
by the new law of 1913. Every one knows
how the central reserves OF gold and cred
1t have been mohilized and what the bene-
hts are of the sound note issues that are
adjustable to the needs of the country
These newly created safeguards against
the old time panics are such outstanding
features as to overshadow other advan-
taKes now enjoyed by the public from the
daily operations under the same law.
Readily available reserves and an ample
supply Of currency afford the very neces-
sary provision against emergencies. yet
for ordinary times and in the d%ay-to-day
work sf financing the industry and com
mcrcc of the country other new develop
ments are equally or more important. A
low and stable rate of discount has for
the FIRST time been made effective through
out the country. A considerable volume OF
trade IN being cheaply financed by bank
ers' aoeeprances. A national discount
market has passed the first stages of de-
velopment. Many economics are appar-
ent Ia the settlement OF domestic ex-
changes through a central gold fund.
Perhaps more important than all In Ill
Innate effect upon American banking Ia
the beginning of branch banking by the
national banks. III many follow the lead
of the two or three who have started to
operate domestic and foreign branches.
the possibilities for American banking are
unlimited. Most people agree that branch
es abroad are needed. but opinions differ
when a domestic branch bank system is
promo SeH. 1
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1916-08-16

obliged to hold his head ia ah unnatural
position for any considerable tfAe Win be
able to appreciate how horses must Seel
understand why they keep their heads tn
almost constant motion at sueh times. It
rs = pity that some folks have such ms..
the arch in a horses neck.
These faithful, patient and long suffer
deadly enemy here to cause distress. dr.
aster and always more or less suffering.
Three kinds Of drivers predomsaaee-
whip in hand tearing along: m e4oer-
fenced men who nov less about a herss.
probably. than anything else they come
just plain brutes, the character, dispoai-
tion, and intelligence of whose Aorses ara
usually better than those Of the drivers.
hard work. and whose only son1ost &
food and drink. the sooner tAsy are boa
ished from little old New Yoek ~ bet-
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1916-08-16

QueStionably reached a height never :si0e0
attained, he cites the practice OF exposing
defective children at birth. Wherefore, he
argues. our civilization is superior to that
OF the Greek; for, have we rot child well
fare advocates IN steadily increasing RUM
berS and are We not ~legislatiMg against
child labor. But. on the other hand. M.
Payne fnrgets to ask whether We eau
now match Esciylus, Sophocles. Eu.jpiles,
A~ristophanes, Socrates and Plato. and
whether our society is. i'm general, better
ordered than was Greek society under
Pericles.
II is unfortunate that Mr.. Payne, in his
zeal for child welfare, should rave repre-
sented so unjustly the state Of Athenian
civilization; for in the supreme matter of
the conduct OF life we of this generation
have more to learn from the Bifth cen
fury Greeks than We could teach the4.
Furthermore, Mr.. Payne rs Father tho
vague. The uniformed reader wsuld
gather that there was essentially no dr.
ference between fiomeric, Spartan and
Athenian ideals. For his purposes. the
generic term Greek is sufflcien t3y speoi-
fic. Nor does he think it worthy Of notisa
that Athenians of the Fifth century were
considerably interested in the problem Of
mentality, physically and spiritually edu-
eating their young men. This laHentobfe
tendency toward special pleading soastt-
t,1tes "a serious defeat In a work thai Ia
some Other respects commands esteem.
Mr.. Payne has also fallen into the prev
alent error of regarding childho0d as an
end in itself. He remarks with al ar ef
triumph that this is the century Of the
child" without rejecting that q century
which is too much a century of tAe shi4d
is likely to be a childish century! He has
nothing to say of indulgence and the in
creasingly noticeable loss OF the ueAss Of
obedience In the young: nor does he con-
slider the baneful effect of slachensd dks-
.cipline upon education in genesal.
The book is generally admirable On the
factual side; but SO far as It's phnosephi-
cal aspects are concerned. Mr.. Payne's
work shows i'm Il. surprising degree Ne
communication of contemporary AResioan
thought by the substitution of sentiment
and immediacN for logic and the long
view
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1916-08-16
Niaht. FIxina Birds.
Frank NJ. Chsuman in al Ntcb

Frank NJ. Chapman in ST. Nicholas.
1T is difficult to believe that at times
auflng the season of migration the sky
AT night is filled with birds from dusk
until dawn. Onward they hurry through
the darkness. If they see the earth be-
low, it must be too dim to guide them on
thelr journey. Still. they find their way
Just as surely as do those birds which
travel by day.
The day filters are hardy rovers
which are used to the open. and do not
hesitate to venture far from cover. But
he night flters are the shy. retiring
birds of thickets and underground
which rarely 20 far from their own
flight is usually only from tree ia tree.
Ihe ~thrusnes, warblers. vireos. and
small flycatchers are all night fliers.
"i'or several reasons. we know more
abou the travels OF the night fliers
than We do about those of the day
travel 10y night han by day. Second.
because practically all birds that Fly
by night are real migrants. Third. be-
cause the night filters seem unable to
avoid the light houses in their a and
the number killed by striking these
beacons erected for mans safety has
given ns a vast amount Of information
concerning the birds that travel after
dark.
by night as we'll as by day our ears
can tell us much about the lumber OF
birds that are passing overhead. Ia
deed, during nights when many birds
are flying. we can. from favorable
places. such as high hilltops or cities in
the birds highway, hear their call
notes almost constantly. The hill brings
Us nearer the birds. n the city lights
bring the birds nearer to US. Light
seems to attract them as it does moths.
AN ornithologist at Madison, Wis.
states that on the night Of September
IA. 1906, no less han $500 bird calls
were heard from n place. The aver
age MAS IL calls for each minute, but
at time SO many calls were heard that
it wdas evident the air above was
shronged with birds.''
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1916-08-16

WAS LATE IN SIGNING :

From the Washington Sta

From the Washington Star.
A curious fact about one OF the signprs
Of the Declaration of Independence is that
he signed the document two and a half
years after it's adoption; that he was not
. memneI OF co'srsss at NE tim. and
special resolution of congress.
lhe date of signing the Declaration Of
Independence by the various memhers Of
the congress OF the colonies has long been
q matter or doubt. Adams and jefferson
differing from other members in thei9
recollection. Y
1t is now. however. we'll settled from,
other documents that the Declaration AZ
passed by the Colonial congress July 4.
l!16. was signed on that day only by John
son. secretary.
The Declaration was not voted on untii
the evening OF July 4. l,76. The confusion
OH these matters arose from the fact that
the resolution introduced by Richard
Henry Lee, of Virginia, June Z. 1916, de-
claring Tina these United Colonies ar.
pendent states" was adopted by ,he con-
Fress July ., 1776. and published in the
Pcnnsylvania Evening. Post on that date.
u =. l1'6. after the adoption of ths
Declaration AS prepared by jefferson and
reported by the committee. congress or
dered an ensrossed copy TO ba prepared
Tor signing by all the members. This en-
Crossed copy on parchment VII. August 2.
lT'6. signed i'll AN open session Of congress
by all the then members of congress who
We're present. Seven of these were new
members who had not been present July 4.
when the Declaration was adopted. They
were Clymer. Morris. Ross. Rush. Smith,
TAYLOR and Thornton.
Thomas Mexican. OF New Jersey. was a
member of congress July 4. l7T6. and voted
for the adoption OF the Declaration. but
let the next day to Join his regiment and
was absent at the time OF signing by ths
others August .. 1t was because of this.
and still more because OF hi. gallant 81
torts to uphold the Declaration, that two
and q half Years later congress passed
the special resolution permitting him to
eigh and thus placing his name among tho
ammortals.
This is the reason why the authenticated
cop! OF the Declaration OF independence
printed by Mary katherine Goddard IN
Baltimore under a resolution of congress
January rs. 1877. did not contain the sig
nature of Thomas Mexican.