davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1916-12-16
LOWELL AND THE BUTTER.
FLY.
Local Sentiment ~Concernlng the Late
Mlustrious Jimmy whistler.

To n EDITOR OF THE suN-Sir: I
have read with interest and amusement
recent publications., editorial and other
wise, In THE Sun relative to the late
lamented Jimmy Whistler and his rela-
ton to a parkway in Lowell. which
latter an ungratefuf city council Is sup
honor Of the distinguished artist On the
ground that he denied his birthright.
In view of the fact that the parkway
does not yet exist. except as a pious
aspiration. and very probably never will
exist at all and in view OF the further
fact that the city council has by no
means refused to name the parkway for
Whistler IL 1t ever does exist and in
view Of the still further fact that all
this happened away back In the summer.
possibly we may let the perturbed spirit
OF the eccentric James return to rest in
his foreign grave.
However. THE SUNS query as to
whether the Joke is on Lowell or on
Whistler is pertinent. Lowell cannot
quite make up her mind yet to forgive
him for having once remarked, to a fresh
and bumptious intruder claiming towns
manship with him, that after seeing
him Whistler refuses TO be born in
Lowell" But the city has got SO far as
to preserve the house in which the artist
Individually was born and to speak com-
fortably OF his art. A few. moved by
abiding animosities. have been heard to
suggest that as the Whistler hous af-
fords a memorial sufficient to such a
man. the new parkway might be better
named in honor OF DR.. Aver. whose heal
ing Illustrations at n dollar the bottle
have as yet no adequate local monu-
ment. still others. pointing out that
the projected boulevard traverses what
In known as the Acre" and Is inhabited
chiefly by Hellenes. have suggested call
ing 1t Avenue Acre-opoiis.
But all these miss the point that by
naming II for Whistler a rance for get
ting back at the f~orswearing artist Is
plainly offered. The acidulous exponent
Of the gentle art Is at present unable to
retort. SO why not make the record OF
his birth In Lowell both indelible and
perpetual, n spite him? Refusal to
recognize him in the city OF his birth
would DE hugely appreciated by his
malicious shade.
ALBERT WHISTLER WErriN.
LOWELL, Mass, December Is.
The sun., 1916-12-16
Count TarnOwskl.

As the Entente Allies did not have
Il leg To stand Oh when they objected
to giving Count TARNowsKI, the APP
pointed Austrian Ambassador. a safe
conduct TO the United States. their
surrender to the established rule of
international law under pressure from
the State Department has been I'M
graciously delayed. The explanation
may be that Great Britain desired to
know. and has ascertalned. who were
To he members of the new Ambassa-
doris official household. Also Count
T~ARNOwsKI's activities at Sofia as
the representative Of Austria-Hun-
gary may have been under the micro
scope. While 'neutralS have II right to
demand that their intercourse with
b%elligerents shall not he suppressed
(OPPFNHEIM), 1t does not follow that
an appointed Ambassador shall re-
ceive safe conduct without regard to
his record and his antecedents. lie
may be unfit. Disqualification may
he shown. Especially may n belliger-
ent protest.
1t cannot he denied that Ambassa-
dor DUMAS indiscretions were Of a
nature to make the Entente Allies,
particularly Great Britain, solicitOus
about the calibrc and character of
his successor but the fact that our
State Department found DR.. DUMBA
to he persona non grata should have
made Great Britain reluctant to OBJ
struct the passage of Count TARNOw-
SKI to this country. Moreover. his
friendship for EDWARD VII. who cs-
teemed him, should have recon-
mended him to Great Britain. Count
TARNOwsKI was a fnvorite in London
society when attached to the Austrian
Embassy there, and no backstairs di-
| plOmacy could he traced to him. 1t
really seems as If the Austrian Gov
| eminent had selected him as not only
unohjectionable to the British Govern
ment but as acceptable tn Washing
ton, where also he was nm attractive
member of the Diplomatic Corps.
Accomplished. tnctful. man of the
world, student of American affairs
and well trained in international law
and usage. Count TARNowsKI should
serve his country loyalty, while avoid
ing the pitfalls that shared his un,
fortunate predecessor.
The sun., 1916-12-16

The statesmen mt Washington who
advise their countrymen to meet the
high cost of living by practising .
omy are weak, frivolous and II
tionary. They deserve no place In n
forward looking era. Half n century
ago their counsel might have been
welcomed. their words heard respect
fully and their prescription followed
by citizens Of thrifty dispositions. To-
day they will be fortunate II they
escape Impeachment and consequent
removal from Office.
Economy will do to talk about In
party platforms and to recommend to
our friends. 1t Is not to be practised
BY a generation seeking luxury lined
short cuts to e%xtravagant living. 1t
Is applauded by candidates for public
Jobs, and disregarded, with the en-
thusiastic approval of their constitu-
ents, by job holders. In industrial life
It serves to establish the point Of de-
parture for expensive efficiency ex-
perts. In the sacred precincts Of the
home 1t Is occasionally esteemed by
those who cconOmize In the matter
Of fur lined top coats In order to
strengthen their wine lists. But the
practical application Of economy to
the ordinary affairs Is something no
modern would consider.
Nor are these progressive sOciOl.
ogists to be censured for refusing tn
take other than M academic interest
In economy. They have been taught
that 1t Is none of their business to
look out for their own affairs. The
Governments ut Washington, ut Al
bany, at the City Hall, are charged
with the regulation Of their lives and
the conservation Of their interests.
The once highly indorsed self-de-
pendencc Of the individual has been
replaced by dependence Oh political
institutions that Is implicit In its
confidence and unlimited in its de-
mands. If pOrterhOuse steak Is IN.
a%ttninablc. the astutc person does not
content himself with stew. but howls
for Federal intervention IL hens pur-
u the course of nature and cease
laying while they mOult, rugged
Amcricanism petitions the Mayor to
reform conditions In the barnyard.
The change has been wrought by the
eminent sO~ciolOgists who have trans
formed the dismal science into n
meaningless middle of platitudes and
benevolent aspirations.
In such n mess economy that
means deprivation, close figuring,
giving up things that could be COM
fOrtably used to promote the pleas.
ures Of existence, has no place. Real
economy, indeed, frequently means II
threadbare pair Of trousers. II hat of
last seasons mould. II patched shoe,
n remade dress. Under n b%eneficent,
MI powerful Government. there is no
place for such humiliatiOns.
The sun., 1916-12-16
AMERICAN BUSINESS MAN.
We Can All See Now That the Muck.
rakers Mnligned Him.

To THE EDITOR or THE SrS-Sir: In
speaking OF the small number of conf
plants to the Federal Trade Commission
largcly crcated to smell out imaginary
evils In business). YOU say
The absurdly few Appeals to IT Justify a
conception OF the American business man
as a square fighter AMI a decent citizen.
Who but a diminishing few humbugs.
hoping to exchange their palavcr for dol
lars. ever had any other conception?
Has the profession of medicine, jour-
nalism, religion. law or any other IA
cleaner record. M has any of them
done any more for the growth of our
country"
Some of us are so proud Of the mag
nihcent record Of American business that
We can ask where our sometimes free
and always glorious country would stand
II II were not for its business men.
Louis II. ScHMITT.
PLANTsvILLE, Conn. December 10.
The sun., 1916-12-16

An announcement from the War De-
partment of the discovery by Lieu
tenant-Colonel GEORGE o. SQUIER of n
means for receiving cable messages
audibly recalls the fact that with all
the strides science has taken in the
last sixty years the ocean telegraph
has remained dumb. Luckily for the
world, when the weakness of sub
merged cables vas discovered the
genius of Lord KELVIN rose superior
to the difficulties. If the cable would
not talk he would compel it to make
signs. Not enough force was present
in the wires to magnetic Il Morse
instrument into clicking when the
current was normal, but there was
enough to influence II tiny mirror.
backed with iron, suspended 10y II
fibre of unspun silk. The mirror,
weighing not more than II grain.
swung from side to side as the circuit
opened and closed. A lamps rays
We're reflected from the mirror to Il
scale In II dark chamber. Thus the
cable photographed E%urope's message.
At some stations II mere needle was
used, but the strain on the receiver
was intense. Nor was the job of fol-
lowing and interpreting the flashes
n for an unfit There was II
tradition many years ago that Il ward
in Bellevue was set apare for the
wrecks of operators who watched the
flashes until their nerves collapsed,
However that may be, Lord KELVIN
found II new method of receiving
cable messages, the ssiphon recorder
lba, l. still in Use ar ingenious mech
ini-m 10y which the dying signals
al the mirror are conveyed to II NOV
IN" zap" b. II glass pencil filed with
ink, Thus II permanent record /.
mad" and the operator need not stare
lis eyes UIt.
II n" Suhier discovery or invention
N.t rcyolulionize cable cOinlnunica
The sun., 1916-12-16
MR.. GARRETSON. PLEASE.
One Of the Men Who Pay Your Salary
Has q Question 10 Ask.

To THE EDITOR or THE SrN-Sir: You
say "a grand chief conductor must
know everything and if such is the
case possibly Mr.. a, b. Garretson can
spare enough time from social functions
to explain to II man who helps to pay
him his salary why. after the men of
the four brotherhoods had voted in
favor of "a basic eight hour day with
time and a half for overtime for men
in freight and yard service and had
given their chiefs a % per cent. vote to
strike in case this demand was not
granted-why he and the other chiefs
accepted any other settlement than the
men commanded and particularly why
they accepted a settlement that hurts
the men In passenger service.
As | and hundreds OF others under
stand II, the brotherhood chiefs are paid
tn present the wishes and demands OF
the men, and To accept IA settlement
granting those wishes and demands only.
WIN Brother Garretson please enlishtcn
me on this matter? \ RAILRoApER.
NEW YORK, December 10,
The sun., 1916-12-16

Britain is still the greatest na',una
creditor of the world. Every normal
nation Is her debtor To- the extent =
millions. During this war sh" hes
raised and is raising from her 50 geo.
pie all the money required for h''s"t
and some billions for her allies.
Her domestic supplies Of capital 'lv.
been increased during the war h. he
diversion to home investment IF g
900, 00o, 900 usually Invested '' "1'r
countries. Her obligations are es" 81
sought within the United Kingdom. IL
the most secure and rcmuuer1tl', mo
vestments. Therefore she has ro' 'e
slightest occasion to explore '"r"c
countries for the purpose of becoming %
borrower il,r So.
The business relations ~ 'ig"at -
ain and the United states are 'S~"''' 81
Of a different nature. BY h.. i#'' q
email purchases IN this country $50 a
created an abnormal demand TO- G". e.
Their value has through this meat. ..e
become substantially enhance. \
constraint upon Great Britain u H
this enhanced price would not l' +"
anybody, not even the Amcr,.'n r''r'
OF the merchandise. Therefore size e
contracting for the future d"lt,'' o.
stated amounts Of dollars, Whether -
pays for them II inges of gold Co., s''
of credit. and whether that ,r'Gi =
American or English, has ro hril :
upon the financial status Of either '''H'
try, II is certain that uo countries '
the worlds history have maintained .'.'
vast commercial relations, hty, 'Nt
been 50 dependent upon each o'i'' "
material prosperity and human 't'.. =
ment. EDWARD |" A>uErWs
The sun., 1916-12-16
ILL.,. =

The foregoing recital presents "A very
imperfect outline of British financial
forces in this war. The expenditure is
not a mere subtraction from the re-
sources OF the country. Some great
oompcnsating factors counterbalance the
extraordinary outlay. Great Britain is
peculiarly the land OF wastage. Her
rate Of consumption in time OF peace
vastly exceeded that OF any other Eu-
ropean country, and a large proportion
OF this wasteful expenditure was just
ms much subtracted from the reproduc-
tive power Of the nation AS II 1t had
been assigned to military objects. Hence
the taxes collected to carry on this war
are in great part a mere transfer Of
was,age.
In EDITION positive economies are eX-
e~rcisins a manifold bearing upon the
resource!nlness of the country. The
prohibition of unnecessary imports ar
rests extravaganza at n tempting source.
The reduction in the expenditures on in
temperance and sumptuary excess is cs-
,imated TO exceed $500. 600. 600. Econ
omy through governmental administra-
ton likewise figures as n reducer Of
l'aoii' =" ''''s
been largely nationalized by the control
Of many departments of activity IN the
interest of the public. BY colossal Nur-
chases of raw material In every quarter
OF the globe English authority has be-
come the sole buyer in some instances
for her civilian as well as her military
requirements. In relation to certain
products the Government also acts as
the single vender to her citizens. BY
fixing maximum prices for various ar,i-
cles OF prime necessity she preserves
the economic substance of the nation.
In short. the productive power of
Great Britain. whether from her past
savings or her present acquisitions. is
the supreme test of her ability to main
tain her credit. There are some unfail-
ing criteria Of her success. AS the
transaction OF business implies profit, the
immense total of business transacted by
the United Kingdom during the war is
unerring proof of her profitable acre.
lions. Her foreign trade exceeds $S.O00,-
600 900 n year. Thirteen millions of
British tonnage Is engaged in sea
transportation, and her shipping earns
annually far In excess of the above
amount. Notably the yearly output of
The sun., 1916-12-16
I l..

a,, Il, tho ,o.sosson ~ ,ha.o o,o-
uon,s -, ooorou,c s,r.nv,h crco, nit
at. "a ara,c,ru this ,rea, war
r,x,,io, and ccoromv NINA ,ze bor
,,a,n ana d,,oc, me,hnds
Their tey.o,e conx,s,s IN making nro.
,,.,on ,or 10 n,Y,ront ~, o,.r,, u,h,,;,v
n, m. Time ot 10 creation. There are
III. ,orma, c~x,enditures for tho admin.
,.,r.,ior =, ,he coyernment tho class
NJ nr..w,ar outlaws concurren,Iv there
are tho e~xnendi,urcs represented by the
,rt.rest and sinking fund on the obli.
,a,,ons tho, have becn issued for the
Il Of tho var
Two, . ,ihera, estimate tho total deb,
NJ IN. I-n,,ed Kingdom in August 1917.
il ,lac.d n, 20 ooo GOA OOO of dollars.
wi,hou, crodi,irp her with 81 o0o 400 400
Of advances which she has made 10 the
I'LL rah,o,s A, : nov CON, ,ycr,yc
ip,eres, and , ner cent. sinking fund
,hi. ,,,,h,oa,oss u,u,d c,u for tho nay-
MON, n, , oOo ooo ooO ~ dollars nor an.
run, n, least un,l, the adop,Ion Of n
,rrd,rr has,. bas reduced the cbarp,
~ ,h,s d.r,a,d there sbou,d he added
tho o,d,n,,y exncndi,pres Of the Gov.
ornmen, a, the rate prevailing in 1913
a,a c,,I,ry ,or , oOo Ooo oOo Of dollars.
rhoso ,o,o, ,,nua, confinement Of
. ooo ooo ooo ~, dollars ore fully uro-
,,d.a IA. ,ax rece,n,s for the current
sso,, ya,r
Eo corr,ry ,,rnisbes n standard for
m.as,ring tho faci,ity with which Great
pu,,.In ~, u.., ,hos. rovcrua demands
u.r .,pr., savings ,orether with her
,noo,,o ,r,u accumulated investment.
rao,,,o a. ooo ooo ooo zach yc,r Dur
NV. ..,.., ,orr.n, ,,nrove,er,
rn,l,au, ,.as. and current, invest.
n,on,. mr.. ,hsorhed mainly nv govern.
m,.n,a, s.curt,,es These p,eantic in
a..a CD and ,b.,, ,pcrements con.
,,i,r,o ,l,, main tax sources OF a surplu.
-, .,oo nan ooo Il, tho british Treasury
The sun., 1916-12-16
THE GERM OF SCARLET
FEVER.

The work of the English bacteriol-
ogist MAR on the nature of the germ
of scarlet fever has in several ways
rendered great service to the cause of
medicine, though it can hardly lay
claim to finality or ia the absolute
accuracy of such researches as those
Of ANGEL and Baudou!n on the bacillus
Of paratyphoid or Loeffier's cultiva-
ton OF the d%.phtheria bacillus.
II DR.. MAR has discovered the cause
Of scarlet fever a great advance in
medicine has been made, but his re-
suits as published will require the
sort Of confederation that independent
works alone can give. His expert
ments. however. are far beyond the
scope Of the ordinary attempts of this
nature, and the tests he has conducted
successfully must continue to hold their
own by the way in which they pro-
duce the characteristic blood changes
in the white corpuscles. 1t must he
admitted that a study OF the morphol-
ogy OF MARS bacillus shows that out
side a few features which are new its
main characteristics are extremely
like those of other germs. of rheuma-
tism, for instance, which have not yet
been accepted as definite types. The
diplococcus scarlatinp. as DIR. MAR
calls 1t. Is rather large. This may he
explained by the fact that it is a trans
mutation form of an infinitely small
younger stage. There is. of course.
not time to establish the Genealogy Of
the organism nor to trace its various
stages and transformations. Nowadays
1t Is not uncommon to find that germs
suffer spontaneous transmutation. a
change specially illustrated by the or
ganisms Of the rheumatic fevers.
In the discovery Of this new bacillus
features of another type of organism
been noted but a great many difficult
ties OF diagnosis have been removed.
Thus the new bacillus explains GER
tain manifestations OF scarlet fever.
the Doehle bodies, the sore throat and
the rheumatism, and perhaps the mode
of communication,
on the other hand DR.. MAR has not
been successful in producing desqua-
nation and the rash in animals.
Whether this failure is due to some
popularity of the monkeys and other
animals employed Is unsettled. Lastly.
he has not produced the toxin OF scar
let fever in such "a form that 1t can be
made the subject OF fiXation tests or
of blood tests.
The sun., 1916-12-16
HOW GREAT BRITAIN IS SOLVING THE FINANCIAL PROB.
LENS SET BY THE CREA TEST OF WARS.

A Searching Analysis Of the Elements Of

fected by starting at low rates. produce
ing $500. 900, 900 from small incomes. and
progressing to 40 per cent graduated
intensively upon incomes exceeding $780,
900. From the entirety Of incomes two
thirds Of the direct war taxes of Great
Britain are derived. Thus they Justify
the historic tradition from the time Of
Pitt to the time of Gladstone that this
ever flowing unit Of wealth Is the fiscal
bulwark of the United Kingdom.
Indeed. the proposition was recently
made In the House Of Commons that
fifteen shillings in the pound be levied
on the great body Of substantial UNI
earned incomes. This plan would have
probably obviated the negotiation Of
Government loans. but It would have
been unjust to those income holders to
concentrate the entire taxing power upon
them. Besides. It would unduly impair
the our that have been so largely
volunteered to subscriptions for Govern
ment loans. However. the proposition
illustrates the extent OF this perennial
resource, which England may continu-
ously invoke for the prosecution of her
part in this war.
Moreover. the existing subjects Of
taxation are sufficiently fruitful to per-
init the broadcast distribution. The we'll
established system Of succession duties
presents another instance of large pro-
~ductiveness combined with highly de-
veloped progression. Analysis Of its
$50. 200. 900 OF dollars return to the
Treasury shows that this collection like
The sun., 1916-12-16

ton, az Is limited. It must be that 1t
will permit Of the speed which has
been the advantage Of the telegraph
system on land. 1t Is too early to say
that the cable will soon be out Of use ;
that the wireless telegraph and tele-
phone will supplant 1t. All hands cheer
a new conquest Of the ether waves
and the next day a cable company lays
a new rope OH the bed Of the sea.
The sun., 1916-12-16
THE LEAGUE TO ENFORCE
PEACE.
Ex-senator Warner Miller Discusses
Mr.. SchIR's Attitude.


To THE EprroR or The suN-Str: I
see from the papers Of the country that
Mr.. Schiff liz TO organise a league to
urge and enforce peace upon all the
belligerents. Mr.. Schifr was a Republi-
can of protective tariff beliefs. Now as
a devoted follower of Wilson and q
tariff for revenue only he fails to follow
Mr.. wilson's admonition to be neutral in
thought as we'll as act, This move Is
entirely in the interests of Germany,
Mr.. SchiY has been decidedly pro-
Germa from the beginning Of the war.
Let me remind. you that Mr.. Schiff, in
an interview soon after the BEGINNING
OF the war, said he hoped to see Ger
many victorious but that he hoped she
would be victorious only i'm a small way.
Germany has won not even a little VIC
tory, She did not take Paris. she did
not take Calais, nor even verdun. She
did overrun Belgium in defiance Of
treaties, international law and scraps Of
paper. She murdered hundreds of peace
full citizens, women and children; she
DESTROYED millions of private property,
burned universities, churches. cathedrals
and public buildings and works of art
all previous Huns had saved and re-
spected. She left the entire Belgian
population TO starye. as they would have
done had not the United States and
England gone to the rescue. She helped
Austria to destroy brave little Serbia.
She perpetrated the same nameless
b~arbarittes as in BELGIUM. Having made
an alliance with he Turk. she furnished
the Turk with arms. and
tried officers TO command the Turkish
troops. and stood calmly on ono side
while the Turks massacred more than "A
million peaceful Armenians, driving
their women and children into the desert
to die of hunger and exposurc. and se,l-
ing their Young women into n slavery
of lust.
Having failed IN nunish ENGLAND ex.
cent by ZcppelIn raids and submarine
attacks on merchant ships and hospital
ships having failed TO subdue the
French people or 10 bleed France white.
as Bismarck promised 10 do forty yenrs
ago. she ia now ready 10 make peace
on her own terms Having failed after
tho c~xnenditure M MANY millions ~ dbl.
lars 70 create n favorab HE sentiment, IN
tho United States. the present move
NJ Mr.. Scb,Y to aid Germany IN n
neace favor, h,e IN berse,, ,boupb hacked
by unlimited money and astute manage.
80, ,.,u 80. 90 -. .no,,.r To-,
pea'e sup " get 'He men out VI ING
The sun., 1916-12-16
FRANCE.
Would Our People See Her DespOlled
by Any Foe?

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir: No
matter what happens in the peace nego-
tiations. This country will not stand
any hardships put on France, who so
nobly stood by us at the proper time,
1t was not France that started this
war. and President Wilson must see to
It that she Is rccomponsed for the great
losses It has inflicted upon her.
The deep down feeling Of the people
In this country for the Allies is on ac.
count of France and Belgium.
Son OF THE REVOLUTION.
New YORK. December 10.
The sun., 1916-12-16

ON the same day that the Danes
voted by an overwhelming majority
to sell the st. Thomas group TO the
United States the people of the islands
should be allowed to govern them
selves under the American flag and
not be held in leading strings like
Porto Rico. Porto Rico has a proper
grievance. which should be redressed,
but 1t does not follow that little St.
Thomas is sturdy enough to walk
alone.
The sun., 1916-12-16
jSanty's Children.

These magic days we often pause
While thinking OF his zone.
And Wonder whether santa Ciaus
Has children OF his own,
We think some legend he must tell,
Some marvellous c%onceit.
Adapted to the place they dwell
with mystery replcte,
And this perhaps may he the lore,
The sweet unlikely myth:
That presents come right In the door.
Delivered by one Smith,
McIANDRuRGH WILSON,
The sun., 1916-12-16

An American cattleman who speaks
as a personal representative OF VILLA
declares that worthy did not lead the
raid on Columbus. and knew nothing
about it for twenty-four hours after
the attack. VILLA had been in camp
for n week on the border due south of
Columbus and not many miles away.
His propinquity will always be an
awkward fact for the defence. also
his precipitate flight TO safety.