davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-29
started by wilson's Letter,

President Wilson's letter to Char
man stone. first published her. yester.
DAY, has caused a sensation IN Govern.
nlent circles and In the American col.
ony. ! visited the Foreign Office. the
Admiralty Office and the offices of Be-.
I'm editors to-day. The Wilson letter
had had the effect Of a thunderpol, out
Of 4 clear sky.
Leaders are surprised that President
Wilson has coupled the controversy ovet
armed merclantment with the question
OF Americas national honor.
The Foreign Ofic. Is puzzled At the
position taken by President Wilson that
submarine attacks On armed merchant
mon will constitute Violations of inter.
national law.
W do not know what $ouv rrcsl.
dent means. SAID a Foreign otlcs Off
cia!. surely he has not received the
Woodfeld proof" treferring to the sciz-
u'e or the British stcamc Woodteld o!
alleged instructions 10 British merchant
men 10 attack submarines.)
"WUl Germany reply to these state.
m"u;s9' he was asked.
president Wilson could not have
had our data when he wrote this let
tor he repeated. surely. by arrnlnr
merchantmen and instruc'lnG them "a
take the offensive against submarines
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-29

PARIS. Feb 2S-A liavas despatch
from Athens states thai Grown Prince
Alexander aud Premier Pa"hitch of
Serbia viii soon make "a trip to Rome,
Paris and London to express their thanks
for the assistance rendered Serbia by the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-29
Days british Casualties D:O.

Sprcidi Cohie DeSpotch 10 Tnr SrN,
LoSpoN. Feb, 2~s.--To-day's casualty
ilst contains the names OF ~ officers, OF
whom 10 were killed, and 90. men. OF
whom :82 were killed.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-29
steamer Tcmnyson MaLcs Part.

PARA, Brazil. Feb 2A.-Thc British
steamship T"nnyson, which was dam.
aged At sea by a mysterious explosion
on her way from Mon'evldco to New
York. put into port here TODAY, Par
OF the cargo In one hold 10 damaged.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-29

"rhc position Of the Germans Is Vriti-
ctl. With our glasS"s We can see some
o. them Tying, whil" others, covered
viii, Garth and blood, seek 10 Hhelier
tn,nisrlNcs behind tn" wall of dead. Tn.
first wave T. wiped out There are piles
Of bodies ou all sides.
"Eut alroad" a new waN" apTrars.
which tries 10 make head against the
rain OF steel. II cannot advance. II
gives ground. oar tiro Is rrctincd and
our projsctil"s begin again To cut wide
larcs through the German ranks,
"A1other German wave forms, moe
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-29

Nayar,n farm. north Of Souain. the
enemy was successful by a surprise at
tack in occupying certain trenches OF
our advance ifne. They also took "A
supporting trench.
In the region north OF Nerdun the
tombardment has continued with IN
t.nsity, particularly IN the central sec
tors and on our right. There has been
no further attack on the Cote du
Ioivrc.
Yesterday evening German forces
made several attempts to occupy the
village of Douaumont. Their EFFORTS
were broken by the resistance OF our
troops, who withstood the most furious
assaults.
There ,s no change N the situation
A., the fort Of Douaunont. which still
remains closely cncircled. The hight
ing is less spirited OH the plateau 10
the north Of the village OF Naux.
In the Wocvre the enemy yesterday
evening and last night ssumed an at
t,tude of greater activity. M rail-
road station at Elm. captured and re-
captured several times by the attacks
pnd counter attacks az the two oppos-
ing forces, now reinaius In our pos
session.
All tho attacks against Hill zoo. 10
the south. asst OF Elk. were futile. fall
!ng to d.slodgc u troops.
Further to the south a German at
tack against M%anhcullcs resulted In
complete failure. Our artillery is COM
batting with energy the bombardmen
OF the enemy along all this front.
In the Vosscs VIC ave bombarded
several German barracks in tic region
OF Ban &c sapt.
-.... r.t. Na~seiu 0-asu.
Tie terra war Off,c statement
teicgrarhcd here from Berlin. Is a
follows
There haze been exceedingly violent
artillery engagements AZ several
places.
ON tho front ~orth Of Arras there
HAS ben intermittent mining activity.
The ,;crmars blew up about forty
meters ~,f"rty.four yards) OF an enemy
position.
In champagne the Germans. after
efficient, artillery preparation. began
An attack on both sides OF the road
from Scrnmc-py 10 Souain. Thef
canturcd the Navarin farm and French
positions on both sides. about l.SOO
meters ,i.73& yards) long. and took
prisoner twenty.si six officers and l."os
men. and captured nine machine guns
and .ns mine thrower.
In the Nerdun district new masses
concentrated by the enemy were eN-
Nausted in unsuccessful attempts 10
attack the German positions IN anu
near the fortress OF D~ouau:nont ana
Hardaumon.
The Germans have cleared the
Heuse peninsula Of enemy forces. The
Germans advanced their lines further
IN the direction OF Nacnerauville and
Bras.
In the Woevre the foot OF Cote
Lorraine was reached from the east
o. several places.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-29
MORE GERMAN SHIPS SEIZED
portuGucsc Take Three stem mships
Intrrncd at EnNaI.

rAyAi.. Azores. Feb, N.-Followi ng uu
tho seizure last week OF u large number
Of German merchant vessels informed IN
Portuguese harhogs the Portuguese Gov
crnrrnt to-day seized the German steam
ships sardinia. Schaumhorg and Man,
The Portuguese ilaG Wa, hois,cd on tho
ships,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-29
MAL0JA DEAD 1866;
40 ARE PASSENGERS
Baby. Hours i'm Sea. Saved
Hint Neutral Ships
Laid Mines.
SEARCH Is CONTINl ED


LONDON. Feb -N-Nme OF IA" swarm
OF rcscdc vessels securing tnr s"' on
Dover for snrri'ors OF the ienihsui'i
and oriental hncr MAIoln, SUM- ny =
mine midwaE between toiN'"to'lc dnu
Dover yesterday mornina. late list mig
happened upon Il baby noatine on i,'
back III til" 10y waters OF til" t'hann"l
MANY hours ~ exposure had 'eit th'
child lnharmcd and after Il had beet
warmed in the enyinc room It smiled "a
it, rcscticrs
Til ISr.usuj,- and Oriental Line to
J,y issued Statement, In which III
total number ~ ,ho.. on the Maloj.
los, il placed n 1873. OF these forty-nln.
were messengers. twenty Nrr, whit sea
mon and ,irh,y-six were I.ascars. Sew
,n,y-two Messengers and go seamci
were sayed Nineteen children were oi
tho liner.
T1,r,u ,b,u, tb. d,t vessels Of ever,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-29

The three seized vessels awe "A total
10, TONNAGE of sea, as follows: Sar-
dina, 296t SrhaumhcrS, 2,l3i, and
Mas, lS2S tons
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-29
Instructions 20 Submariue,,

In their new u%olnpaign the l. boa.
commander will act under these In
siructions:
Ih"y Will not torpedo every sh \
encountered. trusting TO prove later that
they were armed.
Ihcy VIII not violate instructions pre.
NlousIy gwen to warn passenger liners
they Will not endangcr human live
unless the ships attempt to escape, ,c
ram the attacking submarine or to Ir.
on her.
In short. the difference between IN.
past and the present, as regards pas.
rehger liners il that In the future
armed liners will not lie considered
legitimate peaceful trading ships
u can be stated definitely that C;el
many. BY the new regulations, Is no
'"u'tins trouble with America. But II
some future accident e%ndangers Amer.
cans or causes American losses Ce,.
many viii he convinced that the re.
sponsibili'y will not rest with her. in.
asinuch as she has fully warned Ameri.
cans publicly II the American GOV.
eminent officially.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-29
Germans sIuandcr Ammunition

"All the world believed the German
artillery was making a grand effort be-
fore the final assault, The mitrailleuses
were unclaimed on all sides. The Ger
man expenditure Of ammunition passed
all Imagination. Never has there been
such II bomha rdmcnt since the beginning
ot hostilitics,
"a little distance In front OF US there
had been some supporting trenches
Nothing remained of them. They had
been absolutely lovelicd Here there rose
yes,igcs Of n parapet, while Az TO harbcd
W re cntanglementS II was impossible TO
G scover a trace of them.
Down in the ravin" some black
masses began ~ move ovc' the White
mantle" Of suCw which there was un-
disturbed, They were German in'an-
try advancing IN close ranks 10 dolouCh
from the ends Of the trough, while others
sought to gain the c'csts by direct as
slult.
"It is our moment to act. A word
through the telephone to our batteries
and the dance commences. The vision
becomes Internal Down there. between
the two orests and on their slopes.
several regiments spread out, but the
gaps between them are constantly filled
" the arrival Of fresh elements.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1916-02-29
PASSENGER SHIPS
WILL Be WARNED
"tnitcd Press" Correspondent
at Berlin Says New Order
Gives That Assurance.
WHETHER ARMED OR NOT

BERLIN. via Amsterdam. Fen. IS
German submarines will, torpedo no pas
senser liners withou; warning, even after
the new order agains, armed merchant
men goes into effect at midnight Tues
day. the United Press was reliably in
formed to-day.
Furthermore, submarine commanders
viii endanEer human lives only in case
a steamship attempts 10 escape, to fire
on The submarine or to ram her.
This was the last word given out here
to-day. with the beginning Of the new l.
boat campaign agains, armed m Merchant.
men but a few hours off.
Ihc statement was made while of e
Gals ver" still contemplating tie strong
l~hterances OF President Wilson IN MS
letters to Chairman Stoii. of tll" Senate
foreign relations t~"nin.tte. utter
arces described by a l.igi, official al
uhe Foreign Office as Impressive"
AS the hour Tor the naugura,ion ri
inc new campaign approaches the ouea-
hoii OF q possible diplomatic break WITH
the United States is receiving gIratcr
consideration here. Officials ard tho
uhli alike frankly admit to-day that
they believe Americas attitude in the
landing negotiations is unfriendly.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-01-14
THE BAYONET TRICK

MELBOURNE, Australia.-The eff
ficiency expert is everywhere nova
days. Here is little item showing
some of his achievements with the
Australian troops around the Dardan-
Giles; THE natural tendency of a
soldier in a charge is to carry his
rifle with the bayonet extended
straight in front at right angles to
the body. When he comes in con
tact with an enemy in this position,
the steel penetrates to the hilt and
must be drawn out again before it
can be directed towards another OPP
ponent BY carrying the rifle across
the chest, however, with the right
hand held a little lower than the left,
nice comfortable attitude is as.
sumed, and, as an enemy is bayonet
ed he is tossed to the left all in the
one motion in such a way that the
bayonet is automatically released
This is only a small trick but it is
very effective one. Points like this
turn a mob of men into scientific
fighters, and make them just so much
superior to their opponents that they
must always win in a contest under
equal conditions"
That is pretty nice reading for a
Sunday school class, isn't il? You
can almost picture the result of the
experts superior knowledge as he
assumes a NICE, COMFORTABLE
ATTITUDE and, as he bayonets his
enemy, losses him to the left all i'm
one motion, while his less learned
comrade, having thrust his steel up
to the hilt, is reduced to the uncom-
Portable necessity of pulling it out
again before he can sheathe it in an
other enemy .-Labor Call
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-01-14
SAYS FRANK WALSH is RUDE

SAN FRANCISCO,-The Bulletins
editor writes in the following satiri-
cal vein on Frank P. Walsh's demand
that the National Americanization
Committee declare in favor of trade
unionism:
The National AmericanizatiOn Com
mittee, recently organized at the
home of Vincent Astor, is a refined
attempt to help the immigrant with
out hurting anybody's feelings. F. P.
Walsh, late of the federal industrial
relations commission, is chairman of
the industrial relations committee, a
private organization which does not
care whether it moves in the best So
ciety or not. It's policies do not wear
dress suits, do not dine out. and are
not on intimate terms with those
members of the Four Hundred who
like to daily with philanthropy. It's
calloused hands 1t is raw, rude
organization, without reverence for
money or blue bic ID.
"These two organizations have
come into contact. AID there have
been, or will Le, sparks Chairman
Walsh urges the National American
ization Committee to prove its sim
cerity by advising all Immigrants to
join labor unions, Tho National Amer
icanization Committee can't prove its
sincerity in this way because it is re-
lated by marriage, education and tenn
permanent with the great anti-union
industrial employers of America, and
can't bear to lose their friendship,
Like so many benevolent organiza-
lions it dares not make enemies.
Therefore its policies are gentle and
tame, and in the view of men whose
sympathies lie where Walsh's sympa-
thies do, tend to deliver the immi-
grant into his employers hand as a
useful invertebrate. This is not
! Americanization, but rehabilitation.
Without freedom to organize with
American workingmen the immigrant
will not become Americanized till the
day after eternity, when it will no
longer matter"
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-01-14
OHIO MINERS UNEMPLOYED

COLUMBUS, O.-Only l out of s
miners were employed in June. 1914,
while 2 out of were employed in
December, reports the state industrial
commission. Pick miners worked an
average of $50 days during 1914, while
during 1913 they worked an average
of 1879 days. Leaders averaged only
101 working days during 1914, while
they averaged 200 working days in
1913 The coal production during
1914 was 1S,736,4O7 tons. This was
slightly more than half of the produc-
ton for 1918, and smaller than for
any year since 1899.
Awards under the workmen's com
pensation act were made during 1914
for 2,066 accidents in coal mines, of
which 81 resulted in death, l in per-
manent total disability, GO in perman-
ent partial disability, and 1852 in
temporary disability.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-01-14
100000 IN SCHOOLS

WASHINGTON-In round numbers
there were 100000 persons enrolled
in educational institutions in the Unit
ed States in 1914, according to the
annual report Of the United States
commissioner of education. Of these,
more than 100000 were in the ele-
mentary schools, 1,3740O0 in second
airy schools, both public and private,
and 216,O0O in colleges and univer-
stiles.
Close to another 100000 were in
normal schools, preparing to be teach
ers; $1,000 were in professional
schools and the remainder were scat
tered through other types of institu-
tons The teachers for this educa-
tional army numbered 100000, of
whom $4,000 were in public schools.
In point of rapid growth, the public
high school still presents the most
impressive figures; the enrolment
for 1914 is greater by over $4,000 than
for the year before.
The cost of education for the year,
as estimated by the bureau, was $3.50,
100000. This amount is a relatively
small sum when compared with other
items in the public expense" de-
clares the report. at is less by
$300,000,000 than the cost of running
the federal government; it is only a
little more than three times the es-
timated cost of admissions to NOV
ing picture theatres in the United
States for the same year"
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-01-14

wage. When adult women alone are
considered, the average weekly wage
is about so cents higher than that
paid in the next highest, the electri
cal machinery industry. In the week
of maximum employment, more than
40 per cent. of the women in the boot
and shoe industry earned SO and
over, proportion nearly twice that
shown for any other industry.
The study of pay rolls in this in
vestigation showed wide differences
in the earnings in the several locali-
ties the proportion earning less than
So in the week when the greatest
number were employed, varying from
"a per cent. in Brockton to AZ per
cent. in Lynn, while the proportions
earning over $40 week varied from
"a per cent in Marlboro to 81 per
cent in Brockton.
According to Massachusetts stats.
tics for 1911, the seasonal fluctuations
in shoe factories are greater than in
any other industry except the mems
and womens clothing industries.
While conditions change somewhat
from year to year, it may be stated
generally that the late fall and early
winter months show the high tide of
employment, with some stability
through the winter a rapid ebb in the
early spring, partial recovery in the
late summer and irregularity in the
early fall. The investigation indi-
Gates that the seasonal fluctuations
are largely due to the general adop-
ton of the order system, system
which manufacturers regard as neces-
sary because of the rapid changes in
fashion and the uncertainty in re
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-01-14
WILL CARRY OWN LIABILITY

HARRISBURG, Penn.-The state
workmens compensation board an
nounced last week that Sc corpora
tons or other large employers of la
Dor have been exempted from neces-
sity of insuring their compensation
liability. having satisfied the board
of their financial ability to meet
claims which may arise.
Among these corporations are in
cluded the Philadelphia Rapid Tran
sit Company, the Reading Coal and
Iron Company, Pittsburg and Lake
Erie Railroad, American Telegraph &
Telephone Company and the General
Electric Company.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-01-14
TERM "EMPLOYE" DEFINED

SAN FRANCISCO.-The industrial
accident commission defines when a
professional man is an "employe' as
follows:
This commission is of the opinion
that a safe distinction can be drawn
between the status of an attorney
who accepts a retainer and charges
a fee for his services and an attor-
ney who renders service to his en-
ployer at a monthly salary, devoting
practically all of his time to the rem
dering of such service or services,
likewise a clear distinction may be
drawn between the status of a physi-
clan or surgeon who is brought into
a case to afford treatment and who is
paid a fee for such professional serv-
ices, and a physician who is employed
by a hospital to devote his entire
time to the services of such hospital
for a monthly or yearly salary, In
the first instance, such professional
man would not be an employe within
the meaning of the act, but in the sec
ond instance we see no reason why
he would not be as much an employee
as any skilled workman employed by
the day or month, and within the pro
lection of the workmen's compensa-
ton, insurance and safety act"
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-01-14
Shoe Making AS A Trade for Women

A study of the boot and shoe indus
try in Massachusetts as a vocation
| for women is the subject of Bulletin
No. $50, issued by the Bureau of La
Dor Statistics of the United States
Department of Labor. The object OF
! the study was to gain first-hand
| knowledge in regard to certain as
poets of an occupation long held to
be exceptionally desirable for wage
earning women. Four important shoe
centers in Massachusetts were chosen
for the inquiry, namely: Boston and
Chelsea, Brockton and nearby towns,
Lynn and Beverly, and Marlboro.
The Importance of the boot and
shoe industry in Massachusetts is in
Dictated by the fact that in 1911 it en-
ployed an average number of 10000
workers, or nearly half the number
in the industry in the entire coun-
try OF this number 35 per cent, or
nearly $4,000, were women and girls,
a greater number than is employed
at any other factory trade except the
textile industries.
The method of the study included
visits to 80 factories in the 4 locali-
ties selected rates of pay and earn
ings were studied, based on the pay
rolls of IS factories and over 4,40O
women shoe operatives. Information
in regard to the physical conditions
under which the women were work
ing and living was in all cases based
upon personal inspections.
THE WAGE SCALE
AS compared with other Massachu-
setts industries, the boot and shoe
industry pays nearly the highest an
nual, as we'll as the highest weekly
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-01-14
WELFARE WORK DEFINED

DIES MONIES, Ia.-Prof. Pierce of
the state university is not impressed
with the kind of welfare work that
provides spotless kitchens for work
ers to eat their lunches while these
same employees are forced to labor
under dangerous conditions
"Welfare work" he says, consists
not merely in equipment and organ
ization; its success or failure depends
upon the spirit which peryades it. 1t
is not a substitute for wages, unions
or legislation"
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-01-14
DEMAND LIVING WAGE

BOSTON.-Several thousand young
women and girls employed in the gar.
ment industry in this city are hold.
ing meetings preparatory to present
ing demand to their employers for
a living wage. These workers are
members of the International Ladies'
Garment Workers Union. They de.
clare that over half of them receive
less than So a week and that working
conditions are intolerable.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-01-14
WORLDS HOPE is UNIoNIsM

SEATTLE-"In organized labor lies
the hope of the world" declared Prof
J. N Bowman, in a speech in this
city.
The labor element is making itself
felt not only in politics, but in litera.
ture, art, music and the church"
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-01-14
Unfair List

Confectionery and Cafe-Low
mn-Stanley Candy Co., 1911
Hewitt.
Orchestra-Wood's Orchestra.
Barber Shops. II. Turner
ll04 Hewitt; VIM. Whitaker
Lowell; Barnhart Shop, Monroe
Independent, 11O7 Hewitt.
Harris Barber Shop, American NATL
Bank Bldg.
Iron Works - Sumner Iron
Works.
Hotels and Cafes-Mitchell Ho-
tel, Lord S Cafe.
Plumbers-C. r. Schweitzer. w.
}. Callahan, Otto Mertz and Globe
Wall Paper Co.'S plumbing dept.
Ben Johnston and house,
1902 Colby Ave.
Building Laborer~Peter Jack
son.
E. Cloke
Electricians-E. F. Hare, Jack
Shields and John Thueson, Flee
trical Contractors; Globe Wall
Paper Co.. s electric dept; w. E.
Bennett, F. A. Hare, Jack.
Bricklayers-Barney Grant.
DR.. Ida Mcintyre (by the Build
ing Trades Council.)
Cal Smiley an son; Fitz Ger
aid.
Plasterers-A. C. Wright, VIM.
Carter, A. L. Knapp, Both, Tom
Nygard, w. L. Porter.
Contractors j. Wintermute,
Amer Larson.
Mr. Rathwell, contractor.
Morgan and Bancroft.
Globe Wall Paper Co.'S plumbing
department. Otto Mertz.
Painters-Anderson & Steen,
William Ferguson, VIM. Christen-
son, NJ. Kokee, VIM. Gleason
Globe Wall Paper Co., G. McAllis-
ter, L. H. Swartz, Fl. f. Mann, II.
PlatZman, E. w Phillips, r. D.
Garner, II. O. Johnson.
Olaf Nelson, painter.
Q. A. Hagen, Sign Painter.
Teamsters-C. J. Witt, stand
cor. Colby and Hewitt.
Cement Workers-Pettit, ST..
Stores-Grocery Store, E. J
Long, 10Th and Virginia. J. G.
Sovda. 3419 Everett Ave.
Tailors-Scatch Wooden Mills.
1904 Hewitt.
San Juan Fish Co.. Seattle.
Buildings-1412 Grand, 1917
Hewitt.
Central Apmts., 3114 Cakes.
c. A. Purcell, owner Hotel
Newland.
American Packing Co.. Everett.
Placed by Everett Building
Trades Council;
Carpenters-R. 3. NcAdams
Rudolph Hartman and his build
inc, Colby Ave. bet. Goth and DIST.
Building-Nonroe School,