davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1916-07-09
RETURNS FROM TRIP
OF INVESTIGATION
State Entomologist Returns from In
vestiqations OF Alfalfa Weevl
and Pear Blight

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Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1916-07-09

THE administrations has been diy daily
wshy -washy hogwash," declared former Speaker Can
non in the course of few remarks the situation;
then he interrupted himself say: making
a partisan speech, if l could say a whole lot
OF things Judging from the purely partisan
sample, guess he could
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1916-07-09
LOOKING Back at Mexico

The New York Times lately published a most
interesting article reviewing work just out by
Mrs. O'Shaughnessy wife of Nelson O'Shaughnessy,
who was American charge d'affares in Mexico when
the present administration began of bunders
The book is made up of letters written by Mrs
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1916-07-09

One of the novel features of the Hay Chamberlain
act, which went into effect July l. is the lowering OF
the age which recruits for the army cease to
qure the consent of parents or guardians-from
81 to IS. The minimum military age" has custom
arily been IS; but the age of legal majority is 81
volunteers between the two have been regarded as
minors whom the government would accept only
with the approval of their legal guardians 1t appears
that the department is being flooded with appeals
from parents for the return of their volun-
teering, though not yet Of full age.
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1916-07-09
The Phoenix Savings Bank &
Trust Co.

phoenix Only Savings Bank
owned and controlled by the PHOENIX
NATIONAL BANK. Combined capital
and profits, $553,O00; assets, $4,50O0OO.
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1916-07-09
THEN THE ICE FORMED

Her. mo doubt you think am older than really
am"
Him: mot at all. I'm sure you are not as OLD as
you look"-Indianapolis Star.
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1916-07-09
SUNDAY MORNING, JULY 9 1916

In this present moment the two
words that seem to have made the
deepest impress upon our minds are
opportunity" and responsibility"
And let us not forget, for a single mo-
ment, that we cannot own the one and
disoWn the other.
Charles l.. Deering.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1916-08-12

much for the organized labor movement
and gives that movement a publicity
that can rarely be secured in any other
way. When the holiday is distinctively
labor, labor news and labor doings nee
essarlly have first place in all daily pa
pers. The greater the effort of the labor
movement to place emphasis. and promi-
nence upon the doings and activity of
labor, the greater will be the publicity we
gain and consequently there will result
better understanding of the power and
possibilities of the labor movement-an
understanding that can be utilized for
practical purposes during the whole year.
1t is, therefore, urged that every CEN
tral body in the country plan for dis
tinctively labor celebration on the coming
Labor Day. There ought to be a parade
that will direct the attention of the
whole town to the cause of labor, which
is the cause of humanity. and in addi-
tion general gathering of the workers
of the community to listen to labor ad-
dresses.
The labor movement has made tre-
mendous progress during the past year.
On this coming Labor Day we ought to
make known the story of that progress
to the whole nation, and plan for greater
constructive work during the next year.
There are no limitations to the work of
the labor movement, no limitations to
its power to bring betterment into the
lives of the workers of this country or
to establish mutually helpful relations
with the workers of all other countries
The labor movement of the United
States has reason to be proud of its
achievements, and to be gratihed at the
work that has been done for humanity
and civilization during the past year. Let
us express this progress in an adequate
way on September 4.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1916-08-12
PLAN FOR UNIVERSAL PEACE.

Washington-With amendments that
do not affect the principle the senate has
accepted the section in the house naval
appropriation bill that plans for uni
versal peace.
AS adopted by the senate, this sec
ton reads:
1T is hereby declared to be the policy
of the United States to adjust and settle
its international disputes through media
ton or arbitration, to the end that war
may be honorably avoided. 1t looks with
apprehension and disfavor upon a gen.
eral increase of armament throughout
the world, but it realizes that no single
nation can disarm, and that without a
common agreement upon the subject ev-
cry considerable power must maintain a
relative standing in military strength.
'In view of the premises. the president
is authorized and requested to invite, at
an appropriate time, not later than the
close of the war in Europe, all the great
governments of the world to send repre-
charged with the duty of formulating a
plan for a court of arbitration or other
tribunal to which disputed questions be-
tween nations shall be referred for ad-
judication and peaceful settlement, and
to consider the question of disarmament,
and submit their recommendation to
their respective governments for ap-
proval.'
The resolution further provides that
in the event such court is established.
construction of war munitions shall
cease
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1916-08-12
Labor Day Celebration
Should Include Speeches and Parades, Says Samuel
Gon,pers, President of the A. F. of L.

Many labor organizations have Labor
Day celebrations under consideration at
the present time. Through the efforts of
the labor movement the first Monday in
September has been generally set aside
as the distinctive Labor Day of the year
and 1t is now practically universal holi-
day. The purpose of the day is to di-
rect general thought toward the needs
and aspirations of the workers, and to
afford the workers themselves time and
opportunity to consider those things
which vitally concern them and the labor
organization through which they are try
ing to work out their ideals.
Wherever the workers have been
through some crisis which has stirred
them to particular effort and reused them
to renewed sense Of appreciation of the
meaning OF the labor movement. the cele-
bration for the day invariably has pc
culiar significance and arouses deep
seated feeling and enthusiasm.
But, as in every other relationship,
where there is nothing that has particu-
tendency toward general lethargy in
the celebration of Labor Day, and it is
permitted to degenerate into a sort of
social holiday unmarked by anything dis
tinctively labor. i' s..
This is serious mistake labor Day
can have its fullest value only when
there is associated with the celebration
of the day efforts to call attention to the
purposes and the causes of the labor
movement. 1t should be day for re-
newing devotion to the cause of labor
for strengthening ties of fraternity and
for instilling larger and broader ideals
which lead out to wider field of activ
ity and fuller appreciation of the pos
sibilities of the labor movement.
A Labor Day properly celebrated does
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1916-08-12
ROCKEFELLER "UNION"
DISCARDED BY MINERS

Trinidad, Col-Miners at Sopris and
Piedmont, mining camps near this city,
have organized trade union with 1863
members and applied to the United
Mine Workers union for charter.
1t is declared that there was not dis
.trict or national officer of the United
Mine Werkers'Sunion Spresent, and the
men acted on their own initiative. One
speaker stated that miners all over the
United States have received wage in
creases during the past four months be-
cause they are organized, and that the
miners of Colorado had received moth
ing because they are not organized.
1t was also stated that officers of the
United Mine Workers union have not
visited them at any time. I'VE organ
lied ourselves" said one miner "Of
course we would like to have the ma
tional officials visit us after we get our
new local started"
Because these workers are employed
by the Colorado Fuel and Iron company,
their action is most significant. 1t is an
answer to the claims of John ID. Rookie
feller Jr., and his press agents that the
Rockefeller theory of conducting "un-
ion" is acceptable to coal diggers, who
now disregard the advice of managers,
superintendents and petty bosses, be-
cause they note the gains made by min
ers who rely on trade union methods.
These miners believe the Colorado
Fuel and Iron company will not cause
any trouble" The action of the state su-
preme court, in ousting Jeff Farr, sheriff
of Huerfano county, gunmen and op-
orators thug, from office because of
election irregularities, will be factor
in convincing the coal companies that
their reign of terror is over and that it
is impossible to deny workers the right
to organize. In its decision the court
said that the public election machinery
had been turned over to the absolute
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1916-08-12
HUMAN FREEDOM FIRST.

Chicago.-After long experience
with the Colorado law, which prohibits
workers from striking until they give a
state commission thirty days notice,
Organizer Biggs of the Journeymen Tai
lors' union expresses these patriotic
sentiments in the official paper OF that
organization
There is question of human free
dom involved in that Colorado law and
commission that can nail the worker to
his job for thirty days or thirty times
thirty days, during which the employer
can get ready with strikebreakers.
The law as administered in Colorado
is crying injustice to all who toll. No
findings can compensate for the tyran-
ny that can be practiced under it. To
allow such law to spread to other
states would be countrywide calamity.
There is no more important issue con-
fronting labor today than this question
of involuntary servitude to capitalstic
commission VS.. human freedom and the
right to right our wrongs. All else is Of
lesser Importance If we lose our free
dom we lose all. Let us not be tempted
by any bait of findings and award
their findings are only what we already
know. Their awards are simply recon-
mendations. They can give the worker
nothing, but they can nail him to his
job. Already they have shown brazen
indifference to the oath they took to
fairly administer the law. They will
show their teeth in Colorado and other
states if we stand idly by until they shall
have united our chains securely"
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1916-08-12
UNIONS FOR WOMEN URGED.

~
FOND du Lac Wis'-organization
among women workers was urged oy
FRANK, J. Weber, OF Milwaukee, general
organizer OF the Wisconsin state federa
tion OF labor, IN his report to the annual
convention, -, :,
The modern factory system ne said;
has brought great change and the olG
law that the female must honor ana
oDey' because she was coiis'ue,eu ue-
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1916-08-12

domination and imperial control of the
coal companies and that it was used by
them "as absolutely and privately as
were their mines, to and for their own
private purposes"
The court sustained the charge that
Farr had not only denied citizens who
opposed the coal companies the right to
VOTE but that he had packed juries with
representatives of the operators.
On this decision Editor O'Neill, of the
Trinidad Free Press writes :''.."' ,'''
"The journey from darkness to light
has been long and weary, but the de-
cision of the supreme court marks the
beginning of the end, for the dethrone-
ment of the political highwaymen of
Huerfano county purples the horizon
with the dawn of that coming day when
law shall be respected and when the
sovereign power of the people shall no
longer be menaced by corporate might
backed by the pistol of the thug and the
rifles of state militia, farmed out to
industrial monarchs, to maintain and
perpetuate the reign of soulless greed
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1916-08-12
VALUE OF UNITY IS PROVEN

Nashville, Tenn.-Following the policy
of other managers, General Manager
Peyton of the Nashville, Chattanooga
and St. Louis railway has issued an ap-
peal to his employees to assist in break
ing the strike of the four railroad broth
erhoods in the event these employees sus-
pend work to enforce their demand for
eight hours in the freight train service
While other railroad managers have
called attention to the high wages of the
railroad brotherhoods, as compared with
certain other employees, Mr.. Peyton is
indlscreet enough to indulge in figures
to prove his point
The statistics, however, are valuable
for purposes undreamed of by Mr.. Pey-
ton-they teach the value of united ac-
ton. He has divided employees into four
classes. In class 1 he includes engineers.
hremen, conductors and other trainmen,
whose average is $4.20 day, inclusive
of passenger service employees, who are
not included in the present demand of
the brotherhoods.
In class 2 is included general officers.
assistants and clerks, with an average
of $500 day. In this list is included
Mr.. Peyton's salary and his corps of
,,
general counsel and superintendents
In class 3 is included all other en-
ployes, who have an average wage of
$3.50 day. In this list is included the
unorganized shop men, section employees,
and about 5000 other employees, who are
practically unorganized.
Fort WORTH Texas.-"In their wage
comparison, accepting them as given by
the railroads themselves, is there any
honesty in these comparisons? asks
the Texas Railway Journal
The train and enginemen are away
from home most of their time, when
not working, and who is it that don't
know that the very least that men
can live on away from home is SO per
day, and in many instances much more
than that cost, while those who they
compare wages with are at home all
the time, and would be getting better
wages were it not for the tyranny of
railroad managers who refuse to allow
these employees to organize against the
managers own organization"
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1916-08-12
SOCIAL EXPERTS MAKE
IMPORTANT DISCOVERY

New York-The Russell Sage Foun-
dation has discovered that trade union
ism is first line of defense against
long hours and low wages"
For years organized workers have
pleaded, argued and GRATED that better
ments in shop, mill and factory is only
possible through unity OF employees
The Russell Sage Foundation has been
conducting a survey of Springfield, Ill
nois, and in advance copies of its find
ings it is declared that the position of
trade unionists is correct, The public is
assured, however, that the decision is
not the result of of hasty action, but only
after Investigators collected the original
data which was then checked and COL
laborated by half score of experts, who
have discovered something workingmen
always have known.
In its advance sheets the foundation
says:
"The full report will say, among other
things, that the investigation revealed
shorter hours as the rule in union shops.
Among employees in these shops, for eX-
ample, "a per cent had an eighthour day,
while in the unorganized establishments
Oily per cent WOTkcu C1Slll lOuIS VI
less. Only 13 per cent of the men in the
union shops, moreover worked 10 hours,
as compared with 81 per cent in the non
union work places. These figures tend
strongly to support the trade unionists'
point that organized workers are able to
gain and do gain, for themselves, ad-
vantages which workers acting individu-
ally do not enjoy; and they refute the
claim of many employers who oppose
organization of their workers that they
voluntarily grant all of the benefits which
employees might secure through the
union.
Wage conditions among the union
workers were, generally better than
among non-union workers in Springfield,
though probably this fact is not due en-
tirely to union influences"
A list of these probable influences"
which benefit unionists only, is not print
ed by the investigators and experts.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1916-08-12
STATUTES COVER
LAWLESSNESS.

Detroit. Mich-The Evening News
befogs the question OF labor injunctions
in an editorial protesting against the
extensive use of these writs, which, the
editor declares, Should cover only law
less acts
Trade unionists deny any Judge the
right to decide what constitutes vio-
lation of police statutes. One of the
most important sections in the United
States constitution is the trial by jury
guarantee. Judges usurp this right
when striking workingmen are in
volved, but they would be impeached
if they dared extend it to other ele-
ments of society.
Organized labor insists that jury
shall always decide what constitutes
lawless act, violation of the Grim
inal code. if the accused so desires.
On this theory it rests its opposition
to labor injunctions. Unionists refuse
to agree that judges have the right to
"nibble" at the foundation of one of
their fundamental guarantees.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1916-08-12
BUTCHERS STRIKE SPREADS
From East st. Louis to Missouri
Side of River.

St. Louis, Mo.-The strike of butchers
and meat cutters at East St. Louis (lll.)
packing houses spread to the Missouri
side of the river Butchers and meat
cutters employed by the St. Louis In
dependent Packing Company, St. Louis,
Mo-, went out.
The company asked for police protec-
ton, and 20 patrolmen were assigned to
the plant.
The strike at the three large plants in
East St Louis has grown, and union Of
hcials said between 1000 and 5000 men
were out. Managers of Armour & Co.,
Swift & Co. and Morris & Co. said be-
tween 1000 and $500 were on strike.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1916-08-12
STRIKERS ARE ENJOINED
From Interfering With Employees of
Youngstown Plant.

Youngstown, O.-Temporary injunc
ed Concrete Steel Company and the Will
liam Tod Company by Judge W. P. Bar
mum here, restraining about 50 members
of the local Machinists' Union from in
terfering with employees of these two
companies. Machinists of the city have
been on strike for an eight-hour day
since May l, and several clashes have
resulted between strikers and present
employees who are called Strike-breakers
by the strikers.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1916-08-12
CANADIAN UNIONISTS TO
CONFER.

Toronto, Canada.-Officers of the
Trades and Labor Congress of Canada
issued call for the annual convention,
to be held in this city, beginning Sep
tember 25. 1t is stated that among the
matters to be considered will be the pro-
lection of resident labor when the war
is over, as Canada will "have to meet the
vast influx of foreign labor"
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1916-05-04
Railway Car Wheels.
Lewis Carsten is now working with
Ole Skjverheim.

Everybody knows how the wheels of
a railroad car are fastened to the axle.
They are shrunk on-that is, put on hot
and allowed to shrink in cooling so that
they are practically a solid piece with
the axle. These cars go around curves,
and it will be observed that the outer
rail covers Il great deal more ground
than the inner one, so that to turn the
curves and finish even the outside wheel
must of necessity travel considerably
faster than the inner M Yet it is
fixed solidly to the axle and cannot
make Il fraction of Il revolution more
than the other one, yet the axle remains
intact, and the curves are passed with
untiring regularity.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1916-05-04

'UPO1 1IICI1USIIC
Dated April 81, 1916.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1916-05-04
Seed Treatment for
Dat and Barley Smut
Continued From Third Page.

when placed in the ground with the
seed. Therefore, being entirely on
the outside of the seed, sprink!ing or
soaking in formalin will entirely
destroy them.
We have both of these barley
SHUTS in this county and IN sufficient
amount in many fields to cause con-
siderable damage and in quite a per
centage of the fields to make it worth
while to treat the seed. Those who
have v treated barley and oats
with formaldehyde should remember
that these grains will require more
shoveling and a greater allowance of
the solution per bushel than is the
case with wheat. The smut spores
are lodged inside the chaff scales and
the treatment must be thorough
enough to allow the solution to soak
between the scales. If the sprinkling
and shoveling method is used the
grain should be shoveled thoroughly
and be wet up once or twice or more.
Barley and oats require one and one
half to two gallons of the solution per
bushel of grain. The rate of mixture
for covered smut of barley and smut
of oats is the same as for wheat, i.
e. One pound of forty per cent for
maldehyde to forty-five gallons of
water. A little difficulty may be
experienced in setting the drill to
seed the right amount of treated pats
and barley as they are somewhat
swollen and do not run through the
drill as freely as does the dry grain.
1t is best to seed about two and me
half bushels of treated oats to the
acre and about one and th~ree-quarter
bushel of treated barley. The drill
must be adjusted to seed this amount
by trial, as in many cases it will be
necessary to open up the drill to the
four bushel mark on the gauge, before
you will be getting the right amount
of seed grain on the acre. The treat
ed grain may be left for some time
provided that it does not freeze. The
bluestone or copper sulphate treat
ment should never be used on oats as
it seriously Injuries the seed. AS l
stated before there will be many
cases where the treatment of oats and
barley are not necessary. Each far
mer is certainly the best judge of his
individual case. But since these
smuts are not noticeable, except for
a short time each year, when in doubt
treat, believe it will prove a paying
policy.
j. W. Haw.
Langdon, N. D., May LIST, 1916.