davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1916-03-16
Musical Program Next Wednesday

Next Wednesday evening Miss Maud
Carlisle, will play the last movement
of Mendelssohn's Concerto, with sec
ond piano accompaniment at the re2u-
lar meeting of the musical department
of the Woman's club. Mrs. q. r. Coffin
will play the second movement of a
Greig sonata. German, French and
modern English songs will be sung by
Mrs. Ralph Root.
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1916-03-16
SUMMARY
Christian Church

Services of special interest next Sum
day. Bible school at 9.45. Glasses for
all ages. Morning service at II O'Clock.
Sermon on, Things Which Make for
Success" Christian Endeavor at 6.l5.
Evening service at 7.S0. Sermon on
"The Great Decision. A cordial in
vitation is extended to all to attend our
services. W. T. Matlock. Pastor.
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1916-03-16
Creamery Meeting

Hood River. Ore.. March 10, 1916.
The annual meeting of the stockhold-
ers of Hood River Creamery will be
held at the creamery building on Sat-
urday, March 25, at 10 a. m. This
meeting is for the election of officers to
serve during the ensuing year and such
other business as may properly come
before 1t. Hood River Creamery.
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1916-03-16
Christian Science Services.

Christian Science Services will be held
in Room 2, Davidson Building, Sun
day, IL :00a m. Subject: "Matter."
SUNDAY School at 10 a. m.
Wednesday service. s p. m.
The reading room is open daily from 3
to p. m, room 2. Davidson building
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1916-03-16
Franz Handles Saxon Six

The Franz Hardware & Furniture Co.
has taken the agency for the Saxon Six
motor car. The first of these handsome
machines will arrive in town today.
E. L. McClsin. who now has head
quarters in Portland, is in charge of
state distribution of the Saxons.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-07-20

props, fences, woodwork in wells,
wooden s1los, eehives, and lumber
piled on the ground have all been SER
iously damaged in this way
Once they have gained entrance to a
building. the termites frequently prove
very destructive to many kinds Of ma
terial stored in it. In houses they &C.
stroy furniture, wall paper, books, ia
brics, clothing, shoes. leather goods,
and food that is stored in dark, damp
Easements.
To prevent their attacks, the foun-
dations of buildings and the basement
floor should be made entirely Of brick,
stone, or concrete, and no woodwork
should be in cont It with the ground.
This precaution Is recommended par
ticularly for the Southern States.
Beams or joists should not be i'm
bedded In concrete, as crack will
provide a means of ingress for the in
sects. Books, documents, and other
material susceptible to attack should
not be stored In unventilated rooms
where they may become moist or
moldy. When a building has already
become infested, .he only effective
remedy is to tear out that part which
harbors the insect and to rebuild it
in such a way as to prevent future
invasions, |. e., by substituting rock
foundations or foundation timbers i'm
pregnated with coal-tar creosotes.
Certain woods, however are known
to be resistant to termites. Black wal
nut and persimmon, for instance,
among the cabinet woods. have this
quality and several Of the cedars and
the southern bald cypress are both
resistant and durable in contact with
the ground. In other words resist
ance for varying periods. depending
upon the method of treatment, may
be obtained by the use of chemical
preservatives, the most effective Of
which are coal-tar creosotes.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-07-20

prac tices in order to get the maximC n
yields from a small tract Of land, but
the general farmer will probably not
care to practise any of tho intensive
culture methods.
Thus, such a rotation as oats, wheat
clover, corn and cabbage may be very
convenient, this rotation being capable
of notifications to suit individual
needs and pref "ences For the early
varieties of cabbage the land should be
! plowed in fall or as early in spring as
possible; for the later varieties it Is
time enough to pillow in June. The
land should be stirred deeply during
and after blowing, every care being
taken to reduce it to its finest possible
filth and to cover it with splendid
dust-mulch for the conservation Of
moisture. Not infrequently the best
cultivation is done before ever a plant
| is set.
The first big mistake made by the
farmer is in the selection of plants for
transpanting. Often I have seen
them grow little spindly affairs in old
Jars located near the window by a
! stove, and expect that these dollhouse
plants would develop into lusty cab
bages. That crop is foredoomed to
failure; 1T never had a chance. These
first seed-beds must be located where
the light and air can get at them, and
perhaps even light frost Then the
plants will be hardy and thrifty, full
of vigor to grow into splendid heads.
In about fifteen days they may be re-
set into heavier Sill than the original
seed-bed or box, the process of hard
ening being continued.
The second big mistake is made in
the transplanting itself; in fact. more
plants are ruined by this process than
by any other means Doubling back
Of the roots is what causes most of the
the transplanting woe, the machine
employed often proving incompetent
or the help careless. Cabbage-growers
are practically unanimous on this
point: The roots must be intertered
with just as little as possible, and must
not be cut or pruned. Again. the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-07-20
BY w. A. FREEHOFF,

plants, after being removed from the
seed-bed should not lie exposed to sun
very long before planting. A dark
cloudy day Is best for this operation
A great many men believe that there
Is no better time than after heavy
rain. when the soil Is we'll soaked
but this las serious disadvantages. It
is far better to plant Immediately be-
fore a heavy rain.
AS 1t Is practically impossible, how
ever, to predict rains accurately cab
bage should be planted so soon as they
and the soil are ready. Some growers
like to wait for favora BILE conditions
but this does not always prove a bene-
At in the end. UP to the time Of plant
Ing, the soil had been worked deeply;
now shallow tillage only must be the
rule. SO as not to interfere with the
rootdevelopment of the plant. Any
sort OF horse-cultivator may be used
until the leaves spread so much that
further tllage is impossible. Where
the average is not too great. and help
is abundant, hoeing is also valuable.
Most farmers prefer to sell their
cabbage direct from the field, prefer
storage: this Is probably the better
plan. Where it is desired to store cab
bage for home use, or even for sale
later one of the many plans in use Is
that of trenching A shallow trench
is dug and the cabbage laid in it head
down, and then covered with soil.
Straw, litter, and manure Is placed
over this to prevent deep freezing.
Storing in a warm, damp cellar ruins
the flavor of cabbage.
Space forbids m going into details
regarding varieties, as there are many
suitable ones Local conditions are
probably the deciding factors. For
instance, some markets demand one
variety, while In other localities GER
tain varieties will not thrive. A study
Of the seed catalogues and of the
home market is the best criterion.
Again, I may not deal at length with
cabbage-pests like the root-maggot.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-07-20

l have seen Il good many farmers
grow cabbages on more or less large
sca'e; but with the exception OF most
of those who we're really commercial
mark ct gardeners, they made failure
of the venture This Is true in spite
Of the fact that in many respects the
ca bbage- plant will endure more neg
lect and insults than other market
garden plants. Ignorance of the i'm
portant points regarding the cabbage,
alone, is responsible for most of the
failures.
Many farms which now raise con-
siderable tobacco as a side-line may
proftably be changed over to caL-
bages, to give the soil a variety, If the
owner will make up his mind to give
the humber plant the same care and
attention he paid tt his tobacco. This
holds especially true in the vicinity of
,arge market-cent ers.
At the very outset 1t is necessary to
know something about the habits
of the cabbage before planning any
considerable acreage. 1t is essentially
a gross feeder, requiring not only a
great abundance Of the ordinary soil
fertility elements, It also great
amounts Of water always 1t hand.
One hundred tons of stable-manure Is
none too much for an acre of average
land. But this fertility must be evenly
distributed over the land and the
water must not make the soil wet and
soggy; it must be we'll drained. Cab
bage will withstand great degrees of
cold, as low as 20 egrees above zero,
but 1t will not endure protracted ex-
posture to dry air and a hot sun.
Any kind of mod erately heavy soil.
easily workable and rio in lime, may
pro available for cabbage. But it
is always we'll to bear in mind that
ocal conditio will render any state
n ent of this sort only General, as in
some sections one kind of soil may not
)e as good as another kind ir differ
ant locality. Local conditions also in
luen ,e the other factors to a greater
or lesser extent. Undergraduates
resort to all sorts Of rotations and
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-07-20
.Ss3
Remedies for ''Chiggers''

II bath in hot water, or in water
containing salt or strong soap. is taken
within few hours after exposure in
|shrubbery and weeds infested with
Echiggers," or red bugs" no i'll eff
Facts will be experienced. After long
Exposure, however, a bath has prac-
ideally no effect. and direct remedies
ne necessary.
ES After irritation has set In, and small
red spots appear, the application Of a
moderately strong solution of am
anonia to the affected parts is recon-
tmended by the Department o. Agri-
rnlture's entomol' lists. A supersatu-
rated solution Of Eicarbonate Of soda,
sOr common cooking soda or saleratus,
will afford relief. Liberal applications
should be 1--sde until the irritation
leubsides. If t. suffering Is severe, a
dilute tincture Of iodine or collodion
should, be lightly applied.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-07-20

Nsthe above advantages can still lift
ISmortgages for his owner If the latter
Evil study and apply some Of the fun
Mdamental principles underlying the
kbus!ness.
On the average farm here should
Ebe radical improvement /" l.'eedfng
.Band the care of details during farrow-
NJ Ing, weaving, etc. There are many
Ecompl. ints throughout the country
iEefther of small lit RS or else a great
sEmortalty in pigs. By keeping the pro-
seduction records of sows and selecting
SEEfrom those that produce and raise
IA large average filters a breeder can
sEraise to its most e-1cient point the size
kof his litters. This probably runs be-
lstween seven and eight to the litter
1.-The hog raiser can prevent losses,
ssother than those caused by disease
sNby providing proper shelter for the
ssfeow at narrowing time. In the South
'Sthis shelter can be constructed very
tcheaply, and even in the North it can
sfbe provided in most cases at a moder-
Fate cost. The farmer should always
}Ebe present at narrowing time but
'&Ahould not interfere with the SOW I'M
Ny3ess necessity calls for his assistance
The raiser should always cultivate the
ssconfidence Of his animals by quiet and
Humane handling; this care and atten-
$tfon in times Of necessity will pay big
Xreturns.
sES The best informa ton on the feeds
in the farmers locality can
;;Ehe readily and accurately given by his
VS. ate experiment station. Pigs make
ssstEe best use of concentrates. These
|!AAGan be fed in a se-f-feeder and can be
by various slaughter
|Ehouse, bakery, or table by-products,
8Stc. A by-product to be economical
&Ehould be fairly concentrated. should
$be moderate in price per 100 pounds
3pf nutrients. and should be fresh and
@free from faint. During the winter
*leguminons hays fed in addition to the
%EOnc entrate help reduce the cost of
Ssproduction in the summer, pasture
Nhsopss such as rape. alfalfa, lr clover,
3Erimson clover, rye, etc, make very
and efficient supplements
H&Or hog feeding. In practically every
EARNING district in the United States
XEheap and efficient forage and grain
&xrops are availa BILE for hog production.
SThese should be diligently studied by
Nthe farmer, with the aid of the State
Yand Federal forces, and used in the
Emost profitable manner.
The self-feeder is greatly reducing
fkhe labor cost in hog production, and
Whe principles governing it's use should
become a part @" every hos growers
Equipment. 1t is especially useful in
Needing growing, fattening stock.
which is the largest part of hog pro-
sduction on most farms.
With the dust bath the hen cleanses
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-07-20
Poison Ivy

Some one has said that it is hard to
distinguish between poison IVY and
Virginia creeper.
It is the easiest thing In the world
to do this. Poison ivy has a three"
parted leaf, Ampelopsis or virgins
creeper a five-parted leaf tho atte9
is of rampant climbing habit.
The ivy seldom grows to q greater
height than three feet. It may over
run an old stumo, or heap OF stonesI
and have the appearance OF being Z
vine, but a close examination will
show you that 1t does not really climb
It generally makes bushy growth,
sending up mass of slender stems
from it's spreading roots, and covering
g. considerable amount Of space.
If one studies the structure OF the
peculiarities of the two plants, 1t Will
be impossible to mistake one for the
other. ..
Some persons complain that they
find it difficult to exterminate poison
ivy They NOV it down. and in little
while 1t sprouts, and before long thsrO
is more Of it than ever.
It cannot be killed by simply now
ing it. But If, after moving Il, tho
ground in which it grows is sprankle4
! with kerosene, and burnt over 1t Is noe
difficult thing to kill it. All the roots
may not be killed with one applications
however. "ra
If some of them send up sprouts, out
these of close to the ground, and poa1
kerosene over tho stub and about IT.
enough to saturate the soil we'll. This
will generally put an end to ths
nuisance. -
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-07-20

the brood mare, as it promotes flow
Of milk.
Severe attacks Of collie often are
caused by allowing the hot tired horse
to eat grass at the roadside when he
has made a long trip to town.
The trouble, too, is prone to come
on when horses are suddenly fed new
hay or new oats. Both new hay and
new oats should be fed in small guam
titles gradually at first, and along with
old hay and oats until the horses be-
come accustomed to the change.
Either the new feed is SO palatable
that the horse eats too much Of it, or
1t contains some ferment that sets up
indigestion and formation of gas.
Water very seldom causes collie. Ma
ture intends horses to have all of it
they want. at any and all times, and so
provided 1t does no harm; we may
cause trouble by withholding drinking
water for long periods Of time a. 1
then forcing the hot, tired horse to
drink too much Of it at noon and
especially just after eating grain.
Allow the work horse adequate sup
plies of cool. pure water often when
he is at work md he never will take
too much of it or suffer i'll effects from
drinking. Indeed the water 80 given
will be likely to prevent sickness and
always is appreciated and beneficial.
In addition to making changes of
food gradually it also Is well to vc.y
gradually increase the amount Of food.
Allow free access to rock salt.
If an attack Of collie comes on. the
following mixture, given as one dose,
usually will be found effectual:
Turpentine, one ounce; fluid extract
Of Cannabis Indica. one-half ounce;
"a Y linseed-oil, one pint Repeat in
half to one hour II found necessary.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-07-20
GUARDING AGAINST ''WHI'TE ANTS"
BY T. E. SNYDER.

Termites, or white ants" are fire.
ouently the cause Of serious damage
to buildings and occasional to trees
and crops. They are not really ants
but owe their lame to their appear
ance which, except in color, superb
cially resembles that of ants. Like
ants, too, they IL, in large colonies
usually located In dead trees. In the
foundation timbers of buildings, In
wood that is in contact with the
ground, or in underground passages in
the earth.
In the eastern and southern por-
tons of the country. damage from
these insects to foundation timbers.
flooring in easements, and other wood
work is common and sometimes SER
ious. 1t is only occasionally, how
ever, that living vegetation Is attacked
and then principally on recently
cleared land where there Is much de-
caying wood and hunus In the soil.
An infestation Of corn in the prairie
region of Kansas is reported to, have
been due to the presence Of enormous
numbers of the insects in the heavily
sodded soil.
L ne damage lnat IefHllteS 90 W
buildings is more important
Many of the buildings in New Or
leans recently demolished by hurri-
cane were found to have been mined
by insects, probably by termites, and
thus seriously weakened. The ter
mites frequently honeycomb beams,
flooring, walls and other woodwork.
even as high up as the second and
third floors of buildings. They obtain
an entrance through underground pas
sages, extending their suIterranean
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-07-20

| flower, but rotten manure should be
used with freedom. The mineral ele.
ments should also be employed, but
nitrogen should not be used too Law.
| ishly, as there may be an exces.
sive growth of leaves without the
proper head formation.
Although a number of early varie-
ties are advertised by seedmen. not
more than two or three are worthy OF
attention. SNOWFALL and Dwarf Erfurt
are the leading early varieties.
Snowstorm Is also a popular early
variety, especially for forcing. Sea-
foam is one of the best late varieties.
Cauliflower. There Is no question
about it's being an unusually successful
variety for inland sections.
Too much emphasis cannot be
placed upon the importance of buying
the very best seed. Much spurious
seed Is on the market, and may be had
at low prices. 1t pays to buy the best
however, although it may cost IS or
more per ounce.
Great difficulty Is often experienced
in raising early cauliflower-plants
do not know Of any vegetable plant
which Is so likely to damp on In the
seed-bed or after transplanting. Spe-
cial precaution must be taken to guard
against this loss. Standardization
may prevent the disease, but perfect
cultural conditions are the only GER
tain preventive measures. 1t Is not
easy to decide just when the plants
should be watered, or the house or
frame ventilated.
Unchecked plants, or plants which
are making an entirely normal growth
probably seldom damp off. The gen.
eral method Of handling the plants is
the same as for cabbage, although
some growers prefer to transplant
twice before setting in the field. In
Philadelphia County. most Of the
plants are started in the fall and win
tered in cold frames. The plan is very
successful. Late plants are grown
from seed sown in the open ground,
sowing at the same time as for the
late cabbage,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-07-20
DON'T ECoNoMIzE ON EYEsIGHT

The light question on a farm is a
much discussed one. One means, at
very moderate cost, Of securing a bril-
liant light, is to have the old lamps
s1tted with mantle burners. By using
q collar, most any sized lamp may be
used, So equipped. the amount of oil
burned is much less than by common
wick, and the light is much brighter,
and ye:1 not harmful to the eyes. With
care the mantle viii last a long time.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-07-20

with the fact that they arc not very
heavy layers when matured. practi.
cally bars this breed where egg pro.
duction Is the chief item.
There is no other breed Of fowls that
has the stately appearance possessed
by the Brahma. These fowls are close
feathered like the Langshans, but are
larger and not 50 long legged. They
are not as heavily feathered as the
Cochins. They are very graceful In
appearance and carry themselves in q
stately manner. The back on both
male and female Is very long and
broad. There should be q slight rise
of the back with a broad sweep ut the
base of the tail. The birds should BE-
erect and we'll placed on their lssA
Abundant toe feathers 10 also L vsSy
desirable feature. @
Taking the American Standard Of
Perfection as a guide, the following
are the special qualifications and Dis
qualifications of the Light Brahm4
fowls. when being judged according 10
the Standard Of Perfection. J
Special disqualification aFos Cock1
over three pounds cochereas 0ver twp
and a half pounds. hens and pulIs1D
over two pounds less than standard
weight. vulture hooks also diDQhaixA
Solid black feathers on tho back hDa08
spots in the web of feathers IN tpD
back, except stripes In tho 1dd3o "a
the males and at tho base OF tho necf
or shanks other than FOLLOW ahoos
disqualify Light BrahnaaA ,--....-.
The neck plunaee should b Whoe,
The hackle should be white, shA Woo
Of tho feathers should havp + eua19
sreenish black strip extending 6o|
the middle OF each feather RUNNING
parallel with tho edge OF the fsashe1
and tapering to a point near the eokk
The under-color should b either wtftuy
blush white or slate. In ths winGa
the wing bows should be white t1eepS
near tho 'front.' Tho primaries end
secondaries should be black Tsth
white on the lower side extending 70
the Quill. The remainder Of The p!s~
mariss and secondaTies SHOULD -
black. In tho back the surface coSof
should be white except at tho base q
the neck. The saddle should b Whsees
the under-color can be either whfeA
blush white or SIX g.
The tail should be black. Tho tn
coverts should be black: tho lesser %.
verts should be black edged wdtn
white. The surface and under-colos
of tho breast should be white. Tho
body and nun should be white excepS
under the wings. where 1t may DO
white, blush white, or slate. tho same
as the under color. NJ -.
Who ever saw neglected corn ueAo
roaka money for it, oWneE1
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-07-20

The soft, washy. green grass is pal
atable of course. but it makes the
horse soft and fabby. keeps the bowels
too loose and Is apt to induce collie.
If the horse has no work to do he
may go on pasture right along and
have little grain, and when his work is
done in late summer he may enjoy the
fall pasture made green again by rains.
The pasture also is good place for
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-07-20
COOPERATION.

Co-o operation has proved a great
boon TO thousands of farmers in many
states. We are often told that farm
Eers won't work together because each
Ione is SO firmly welded to the idea Of
doing things his own way. 1t Is true
that men in the country are compelled
TO think for themselves and work out
plans which are different from those
used by others, but when it becomes
necessary for them to work together
they can do so very effectively.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-07-20
The Hog Can Be Made
a Paying Animal
of Low Market Prices
May Re Overcome by Timely
Breeding and Good Care.

The hog shout be a profitable ami
kmal. He requires less labor, less equip
ki,,ent less capital, makes greater gal )
bon 100 pounds Of concentrates, repro
Nduces himself faster and In greater
ESnumbers and returns the money faster
Stfan any other farm animal The fact,
Mremains. however that prices paid for
IXhogs during recent months have been
Flow and discouraging. In spite Of
%these prices the animal that possesses