davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08
Sending Sick Children
to School
By SAMUEL C. DIXON, M. D., Commissioner Of
Health of Pennsylvania


other children the school exposed and those who
susceptible will follow in turn.
School authorities naturally anxious regularity of attend
the part of the students parents feel that they
simply doing their duty forcing children school who complain
feeling we'll 1t much better for child to occasional
days schooling than risk bringing illness and exposing Others
Chlrens recupae powers generally speaking superior to
people, Proper rest and will often ward off
Illness but this requires and insight the part of the parents
children themselves not to call attention to their condition
until they become seriously i'll.
of appetite eness itud dscooraion of the all
indications which should be watched symptoms of ndspoion
The which children lose in the schools they make far
readily than that which they lose health Satisfactory mental
progress health first considered and school author
should realize that the total amount Of time lost far greater owing
the added possibility Of spreading communicable disease when half
sick children permitted in school.
children ill their playmae should not be permitted to
them until it absolutely certain that they suffering from
communicable disease Colds communicable Parents should
that their children do not visit other youngsters who ill., and infants
taken houses where there danger Of their contract
ing illness from children who not we'll.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08

| This dam was the first work construct
ed by the reclamation service on the
Rio Grande project. The Mesilla diver
sion dam is located near Mesilla Park,
New Mexico, about the middle of the
Mesilla valley, and furnishes water to
lands on both sides of the river in
the lower part of the Mesilla valley.
This dam has Just been completed.
The Mexican dam is located at the
upper end of the Ell Paso valley just
above the city of Ell PasO, Tex. This
dam was constructed q number of
years ago by the Mexicans and serves
to divert water both to the lands on
the American side in the Ell Paso val
ley and to lands under the Acequia
Madre on the Mexican side. From
these diversion dams several canal
systems are built.
Aborigines Used Irrigation.
Before the middle of the sixteenth
century the Spanish explorers entered
the valley of the Rio Grande and found
in these valley Pueblo Indians cultivat-
ing the land and irrigating it by means
of acequias from the river, some of
which are still in use. How long
these Indians had been on the ground
is unknown, but even at that time
they were considered old inhabitants
and raised not only grain and fruits
but even flowers. The descendants of
these Indians and the Spaniards have
continued to cultivate portions of
these valleys up to the present without
much change in methods.
''While the Spaniards first entered
the valley from Sonora and the Gulf
of California, the first attempts at
colonization were made from Ell Paso
as a base, the Spanish conquest Of
Mexico having extended by that time
to the Rio Grande. In 1900, Paso del
Norte (now called Juarez) was an i'm
portant town, and records are in exist
ence nearly three hundred years old
which refer to the Acequia Madre OF
Paso del Norte as being then in use.
''The present acequias in the Mesilla
valley have been in use for about six
ty years, but there are evidences of
older canals that have been aban-
doned.
Is an Extinct Volcano.
'sThe reclamation service began in
vestigations on the Rio Grande March
1, 1903, considering especially the dam
site at Elephant Butte. Elephant
Butte is an extinct volcano arising
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08

from the east bank of the Rio Gran6e
to a height Of five hundred feet above
the river and is SO named on account
Of the remarkable resemblance to an
elephants head. From this butte the
dam takes it's name.
"In August, 1903, a topographic sur
vey was begun at Selden and extended
down the river, covering the irrigable
area in the Mesilla valley to Ell Paso.
In 1904 these surveys were extended
to cover the Ell Paso valley to a dis
lance of forty miles below Ell Paso.
Behring'S were also made at the same
time on the site Of the Leasburg dam
to determine the character of the ma.
terial.
CAS- a result of the surveys and in.
vestigations in 1903 and 1904 at the
Elephant Butte site, it was decided
upon as being superior to any other
site on the river for the storage OF
water for both the Mesilla and the E.
Paso valleys.
Under the reclamation act, the cost
of the project is to be repaid to the
| OIdLto NY LuC WdISl uSSl . UcuC
! flied, but in this case it was evident
that the American water users should
not be required to pay for that portion
of the project constructed to satisfy
| the obligations of the United States
in supplying water to Mexico. Ac
cordingly, in 1907 congress appropriat
ed 100000 to be expended under
the direction Of the secretary of the
interior toward the construction O;
the Elephant Butte dam"
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08

More than One sailor whose ship has
touched at Suva, the principal seaport
Of Fiji, has had very peculiar expert
ence On going ashore he has quite
naturally INDUCED in the beverage OF
the islands, drink called yangOna
and sometimes kava. When he has
endeavored to return to his ship a lit
tie later he has found to his immeasur-
able surprise that he has no command
of his legs. His brain is as clear as
it ever was. He is in a mental con-
dition to talk nationally on any sub
ject, but he cannot walk. That Is the
way yangona acts. 1t is said that one
Englishman was found after nightfall
with his head buried in a thick shrub
by the side of the road and Justify cali
ing for help. He was perfectly con-
scious of his unpleasant predicament
but was unable to move. Immense
quantities Of yangona arc consumed by
tho natives. Few white people like
the taste at first, but it II, considered
refreshing on hot day sind it is so
pleasantly stimulating tina. many Euro
peans in Fiji drink it habt.ually.
Making Yangona.
Yangona is brewed on all festal &C.
casions as a matter of course. A great
wooden bowl with four legs is used for
the purpose. Usually it is beautifully
polished from long usage and has a
purple bloom like that OF the grape.
the yangona root, which comes from q
plant growing freely all over the is-
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08

white as though powdered for several
days, after which it takes on shade
varying from warm red to tawny vel
low. There are two reasons for this
custom; it is the fashion and it keeps
the hair free from tiny creatures not
to be mentioned in polite society. Oil
is also rubbed into the hair and when
the barbering has been completed the
heavy locks stick out from the head
in all directions, looking like a great
red or yellow aureOle.
How the Natives Dress.
On ordinary occasions the Fijians Of
both sexes dress lightly. On certain
ceremonial occasions, however, rolls Of
cloth many yards long are wrapped
around the body until walking is made
difficult Cloth obtained from the
white people is made use of somewhat,
but the natives make a durable cloth
from the inner bark of trees. which is
hammered thin and often dyed. Some
times the only clothing consists of a
fringe of leaves and the children wear
nothing at all.
The chief business of Fiji is sugar
growing and there are thousands of
acres in sugar plantations, but the
work is under the supervision of white
men and the actual labor is performed
by coolies 1t is difficult to get the
F'ijians to work hard or for more than
few days at time. They live in a
very simple fashion and have few
wants The houses are made Of
thatch, are rather high posted for the
sake of GOODNESS and contain a single
room. There are no beds no. chairs,
but great piles of mats on which the
Fijians sit and sleep.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08

lands, is brought in when all is ready
and publicly scraped and cleaned.
Then it is cut into small pieces and
grated into the great bowl. In olden
times it was customary to have the
root prepared by chewing rather than
by grating. Several young men or
pretty girls were given pieces OF the
root and hidden chew them until large
Jumps of white fiber had been obtained.
The operation required some time and
the chewers frequently washed out
their mouths with fresh water. 1t is
contendcd even yet by many people in
Fiji that yangona prepared by the
chewing process is much preferable
to that obtained by grating, SO far as
the flavor is concerned.
The second process is adding tho
water, which is poured over the roots
in the bowl, after which it is wrung
out through piece of HIBISCUS fiber,
which is like fine netting. The yellow
ish fluid which is thus produced tastes
like rhubarb and magnesia.
In spite of the fact that they follow
some being Metho0ists, some Advent
lists and some Catholics, many Of the
old time rites are still persisted in
Perhaps the most interesting as well
as the most remarkable is that found
on the island Of Beqa, one of the Fiji
group, where the natives walk bare
footed on stones so hot that they glow.
Although the statement was long ques-
tioned, the fact has been established
that there is no :ugglery about this
rite, although nobody can explain why
the feet of the firewalkers, as they are
called, are not terribly burned.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08
n HE SHRILL whistle of the en-
CINE at the power plant at Ele-
plant, New Mexico, echoed and

IN HE SHRILL whistle of the en-
CINE at the power plant at Ele-
plant, New Mexico, echoed and
re-echoed down the canyon on
a recent afternoon at four o'clock.
While the same whistle had made
Ssimilar music innumerable times be-
fore during the last five years, it's tOot-
ing that day had peculiar significance.
1t gave vociferGus and prolonged no.
.tice that the last bucket of cement had
just been placed in it's proper niche in
the paraper wall and the greatest
storage dam In the world had been
finished.
In two important essentials the Ele-
phant Butte dam ranks all other con-
crete masonry storage dams Of the
American reclamation service, viz,
cubical contents and capacity of res
servoir. In the latter particular it ranks
every other irrigation dam in the
world. When the floods of the Rio
Grande begin to drip over the spill
ways, the Elephant Butte reservoir
will contain two-thirds more water
than the combined storage of all the
reservoirs for Boston and New York.
There will be more water by cne-third
than is impounded by the $19,000,000
Assuan dam in Egypt. Spread out,
the Elephant Butte storage would
\ cover Delaware more than two feet
Neep. Confined in pipe four feet in
diameter, it would encircle the globe
seventy times Expressed in layman's
measure, it will hold S65 billion gal
Ions.
The material in the dam if placed on
city lot rs by 125 would make a
solid block of concrete lacking only
SO feet of being mile high. Its
weight is more than 100000 tons.
Transported by rail, it would require
22,906 of the largest freight cars or
train 217 miles long.
In the dam are twelve openings or
passages, six for future power devel-
opment, four for delivery or irrigation
water, and two for sluicing purposes.
Retaining an Empire,
The Elephant Butte dam, while the
largest, is only one of the numerous
structures contemplated for the recla
nation of the fertile empire which
lies below it in New Mexico and Texas.
Ora McDermith, the irrigation man
ager thus tells about it:
q, "The Rio Grande project lies in the
VALLEY of the Rio Grande between San
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08
'"T HE Fiji islanders are remIrk-
able for many reasons, among
others the fact that while they

TT HE Fiji islanders are remlrk-
able for many reasons, among
others the fact that while they
were cannibals so years ago
and made it a practice to kill their
captives and eat their flesh, now they
are devOut churchgOers. Having been
ChristianiZed, nominally at least.
doubtless they are entitled to be called
civilized also, but the fact remains that
many of their old habits and customs
are as strong as ever, although their
general way Of living has been COM
pletely changed and cannibal forks are
no longer in use, writes Edward Far
rington to Grit. These peculiar forks
are still to be found, however, and it is
whispered that modern reproductions
are being made to sell to shuddering
made of wood, with round handles and
long prongs. In the old days ordinary
meat was eaten with the fingers, but
there was a superstition that it was
bad luck to touch human flesh with the
hands after it had been roasted.
The men Of the Fiji islands take ex-
ceeding pride in their hair, which Is
allowed to grow very long and is usu-
ally very thick Although the enor-
nous mops of hair worn by the war
riors Of cannibalistic days are no long
err to be seen, being considered as a
relic of heathenism. long hair is dis
tinctly popular and it is regularly dip
ped in coral lime, which makes it as
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08
Drink Water for Tonic
and Be Happy
By DR.. r. T. NICHOLS. Kansas State
Agricultural College

may taken time by the without injury
SYSTEM physicians have advised against drinking water at
theory incorrect harm result provided
does not wash down the food
stimulates the Kidneys the bowels and the OF the SKIN
digestive perfect health Pure
water this SYSTEM and the best tonic
take
should not be drunk by the healthy matter how
hot the day. below that Of the body AID
athlete just before after contest Water taken
empty the digestive tract and these
organs better to digest the food.
There thing taking much of natures tonic An
water excretory does overdose of
pared tonic
The source of tonic water tested several times year
Although water the to carry the worst Of
Always be drinking water is pure
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08

Marcial, New Mexico and Fabens,
kTex. The project as proposed is for
the irrigation of 100000 acres of the
rich valley lands both in New Mexico
and Texas, and, by the convention be-
tween the United States and Mexico
signed May 81, 1906, about 10000
acres will be irrigated in the republic
of Mexico.
''The source of water supply is the
Rio Grande, which is stream of eX-
IRENE fluctuations, varying from no
flow to a flow of over 10000 cubic
feet per second. It is necessary, there
fore, in the efficient development of
the project, to provide storage reser-
voirs and diversion dams for the regu-
mlation of the flow. The plans as de-
yeloped consist Of one large storage
reservoir and at least four separate
diversion and irrigation systems. The
four systems are necessary On account
of the topography of the irrigable
lands which lie in four distinct val
legs the Palmos, the Rincon, the
Meslila and the Ell Paso valleys. Be-
tween these valleys the river flows
through comparatively narrow gorges.
Three of the diversion dams have
been built and are now in use. They
are the Leashurg diversion dam, the
)Mesilla diversion dam and the Mexi.
can diversion dam. The Leasburg
diversion dam is located at the head
of the Mesilla valley in New Mexico
one mile north of the site Of old Fort
Selden, and diverts water for use on
the upper part Of the Mesilla valley
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08
Things You Will Do
If Well Bred
By CHARLES PARNELL. STUART, London. Eng.

You will not swacgcr and boast of your achievements.
will not your cvity by peoples bank accounts
scrupulou your regard for the rights Of others
You engagements promises obligations OF KIND
You of the pecuarities diosyncacs OF
,hers
under circumstances another pain you
can help it.
You goo intentions" compensate for rude
grff manners.
will agreeable social interiors to equals and
superiors
You will not for company and
for home
remind cripple of his deformiy probe the
spots of a sensitive soul.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08
Law and Order As
Pathway to Peace
By JENKIN LLOYD JONES. Chicago

Land of Nowhere gave noest classic that noble list which
begins with Platos "Repubic."
today it the time of Sir Thomas More that
s hunted and dcbauccd girls the
direct result extravaganza
laws of purity and which the end Il
Is bas to kill debiitate then
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08
Hardest Worked Phrase
in English Language
Bv G.. A.. WORTHlNGToN, New York


bo and you'll find all of em starting about other sentence with
"Ihe trouble is"
Listen fellow travellers in subway trolley boat ran automobile
or airhip; say every often, The
trouble is"
The trouble is as says of few
days. and full Of trouble"
Maybe in this way unconouy to get Of it out of
his system.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08

Water taken as a tonic as
sures a happy disposition, a
clear complexion, a good
appetite, and a liberal
amount of S'pep."
The average person does
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08

You will be kind.
You will not use slang.
You will try to make
others happy.
You will never indulge
in ill-natured gossip.
You will respect age.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08

Do you know what is the
hardest-worked phrase in
the English language? No?
I'll tell you how to find out.
Talk with your fapily,
with your friends (if you
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08

A day spent in school by
a half-sick child may result
in G weeks serious illnesa.
If, as so often happens, tbs
slight indisposition proves
to be the beginning of some
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1916-06-08

Sir Thomas More, inter-
national pathfinder, indi-
Gates the last and browning
road into internationalism,
the road Of law and order,
the reign Of reason. In his
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1916-11-17
BILLION DOLLAR
TAX FRAUD IS
FOUND BY u. S.
By BASIL N. MANLY

BY BASIL N. MANU-
Noted News. Economist for The Star
WASHINGTON, D. C., Nov
f7-Internal revenue frauds
amounting 20 more than ONE
BILLION DOLLARS have been
unearthed by the present admin
istrstlon Of the United States
treasury. according 10 a state
n,nt Of w. ~. Osborn, commits
sinner o. Internal revenue! nc
a result, eyaded taxes aroun'-
lno 20 s22,5o9,576 have >s(
oollected-more than cnot
70 pay the entire cost OF 40
ministering the income tax ana
all the intenal revenue Laws.
Attempts by corporations alone
TO eyade taxes. under the corpora
ton and income tax Laws. amount.
ing to ti1.32G.125 were discovered
Many Of the frauds extended over
a long period OF years. some dating
back TO 1903.
Personal cyaslons Of income
taxes amounting 10 S5.00G. G56 have
likewise been detected.
Oieomargarlne frauds amounting
TO more than S27 100000 were
brought 10 light. but the statute
OF limitations hatred ahsesEmeni
on all but S5.lG8. lGG. the remainder
being collcctible only by suit
From frauds and eyasiOnn Of die
titled spirits. tobacco and miEcei-
laneous taxes. $f.2il.555 we're pal !
into the treasury.
These frauds and eyasions eX-
listed unchecked and undiscovered
during the ~ years or more pre-
ceding the present administration.
Commissioner Osborn claims.
These enormous frauds-,7 sS1
merely surface Indications .so
situation that would be revealed
the light could be turned into al
the dark corners OF the internal
revenue system. Large scale eva
siCns Of the taxes on whisky. beer.
tobacco. and oleomargarlne are
practically impossible without col
lusion IN the part ~ revenue Of
ficials. but the income and corpor-
alton taxes. which. under the eX-
listing system OF secretly depend
largely upon the honesty OF the
taxpayer. can be- eyaded with rela-
lively little fear OF detection.
This report OF Commissioner Os-
born Is conclusive evidence OF the
necessity for complete publicity re-
garding all federal taxes
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1916-11-17
IIIrI

stalls 3o-si stvcr Sirioiu steak. 81 ~
chickens. iac 10 choice pork roas a
TO-. choice steer steak. lefe lbs N
steer pot roast lee 10 primo rio rod
lic Ih stan co. extra fancy tomatoes. &
It's -'cs dollhouse cucuubers. sc each aud
Tor l'c. stall rs. hest fresh Washing
ton creamery butter. 4Oc lb. fresh local
ranch eggs. Goc dog fresh ground horse
fadtSh. Zoe glass. peanut butter ice M
stalls 81 30, sugar cured corn tccf ietsc
10 sugar cured bacon. e5c H. nv the
piece sugar cured picked pork i5c H.,
litlc pte sausage l5c %. At Stongs g5c
Jar assorted jams 2sc 8 cans oysters. CSC.
. pkgsA seeded raisins .5c. soc tar
olives. 'ic, S-lb can coffee. 81. t5c can
minced CLAIMS. Zoe. l5c eau beans Toe
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1916-11-17
OLD HEN HUNTS RATS
JUST LIKE A PUSSY

SPRING GROVE. Pa. Now IL
Peggy. a pet hen owned by Chas.
u Meyers. a local liveryman. has
set a precedent Ia chickendom. In
four days the hen caught and Killed
10 rats and several mice Liti.e
Peggy" Is years old AM ~
been trying TO keep the live----s0
BILE. which is a rat-infesied ~
free OF the rodents Recently ssee
caguht rat that was eight inches
long. head to tail. having a hard
fight for victory, and losing some
OF her feathers
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1916-11-17

NJ an grocers aud sugar stall. lbs
pure gr'uulated sugar sec. best milk. 7c
can. Stall III zoe bottle Catsup. i5c. isc
can shrimps Nc. with a purchase stan
llH. choice boiling beef Sc To Toe 10. pot
roast Toe Co leiec no. log ~ pork roast.
l'c lh loin pork roast. Use No. Al Les
ne s. '-lh. sack patent flour. fec. white
means. . y lbs -5c. best Washington but
'''' soc To- 2N-oE iar 90 pure lam. sHc .
special syrup. zoe can. 9Th brick new
'"d zoe, Pctc's crabs soc. Tor Gsc. for
Zoe lars" siberian salt herring. Tor Soc (
Eastern oysters Stc pit stan IL Yakima
''m potatoes. StSa sack delivered, aud
PIE" ~ box, delivered. Toxic Tea Storf.
flour Se.io sack. 8 cans milk. qsc. d -
'apan rice. ,ac; sic Gold Dust, s0c:l ~
pkg flour eoc .tr~
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1916-11-17
Poor Rent Furnished
27--For Rent UNFINISHED
2o-Unfurnished Apartment,

10 . IfITW" TN|IHl- UATH ~
~, ~
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1916-11-17

ny DOING BUSINESS UpFTAGRs
Tracis sells Mons f2b suits and over
coats FOR itG Tracio's Upstairs Suit
eFop. sObiA Third ave
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1916-11-17
18-Dressmaking Done
fo-Male Help Wanted

DEE-4M MAKER - THOHOUGHLt EN-
p~rienced. capitol 2s2p.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1916-11-17
FALSE Teeth CAUSE
OF SEVERE INJURIES

FEDERALsBtRG. ND. Nov. H..
Stumbling over telephone pole
left IN the gutter by lworkmen'
Tilghman lIackctt severely cut his
face. Ills mouth struck the stone
road aud his false teeth were Jam
med into the palate. inflictlng
shocking gashes lie also suffered
internal injuries.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1916-11-17
Physicians and Surgeons

nEY FiEerR0or STORAGE VAR,
house Central storage Go ies white
nIHa
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1916-11-17
37- Business Chances

HOUSE ttftAa ROOMS e. 81 col
week giesr ~ -is Heu 81
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1916-11-17

q inks bags snd umbrellas Repairing
neatly done Dunn Trunk CO. re
Yevi"r near Second Phone Main 2Gt7
81 90 VALUE TROUSERS ron 81 50
t.undguisi LAZY upstairs clothes shop.
Green Bldg. Fourth snd Pike.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1916-11-17
5l-PUBLIC NOTICES

The Chinese
were the first
people in the
world to have a
good knowledge
OF the printing
industry and to
make gunpow-
der Then fol.
owed the study
Of human life
a n q diseases.