davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1916-10-22
Gaetano Montmagno. Above. Pauline Samuels.

weeks Even that morning he had
been called TO trial for carrying CON
cealed weapons. Gaimari persisted
His earncstness impelled them TO have
Fcnnimore's trial postponed. They
told Gaimari. however. they must have
evidence. They could not proceed on
suspicious.
with III Martini ms his constant
companion he went after the evidence
He made friends Of the friends VI
Roxy. From Corncll's gunhearer. Si-
rafino. he heard that Roxy had owned
revolver much like that which
Mon;imaGno had used. All through
the Italian underworld OF Manhattan
and Brooklyn Gaimari worked until
he believed he had proved the connec-
ton VI Cornell with Montimagno.
His proof put before Brothers and
Murphy was found sufficient 10 war
rant the arrest Of Cornell The order
came just IN time. Roxy was packing
his belongings for hasty and in
definite trip out Of town. II was
feared he would attempt gunplay Il
surprised In HIS home. Therefore
Gaimari. who had famiiiarized himself
with Corno,rs habits, tricked him into
arrest.
He had III Martini stand in n candy
shop where Cornell was accustomed
To use the telephone, Then Gaimari
went across the street and asked the
Shupkeepcr over the telephone To call
Cornell. The handouts were slipped
on Roxy as he held the telephone re-
ceiver. Fennimore at that time was
IN the Tomhs. so tho arrest OF both
was accomplished.
This. however. was regarded as but
the second link In the chain. Ga!mari
wanted ROfrano, IIo aimed high be-
cause Rofrano at that time stood we'll
in the community. He was "A Deputy
street Cleaning Commissioner and was
identified with all italian public sp!r-
i,ed movements, To Italians OF minor
grade he seemed beyond the law. Cal
mari was certain Rofrano had re-
spons!hility for Cornell and Fcnnmorc
and hence for Mont!magno.
The sun., 1916-10-22
Rocco Carniva1e.

that he would give the State witnesses
who could complete its case Fenni-
more's confession was accepted. That
same day Rofrano was indicted for
instigating the murder Of Mike Gal
mari.
Long Albert Gaimari had awaited
this day. He had been following Ro-
franc for weeks, relieved by his brother
John. when the detectives sought Ro-
franc Gaimari put them on the Inn
mediate scent. 1t Is matter OF police
record how Rofrano. followed to the
Municipal Building. lost the sleuths In
It's mazes.
Gaimari ceaselessly searched the city
for Rofrano. He let 1t be privately cir
culated through the Italian underworld
that he would give generous reward
10 any OF the former officials friends
who would betray his whereabouts.
Night after night he rested on mound
in the old Jewish cemetery back OF
Rofrano's home in Oliver street. his
head braced against tombstone.
watching the windows. hoping that
Rofrano might steal back TO his home.
Hundreds OF false clues were given
times with the faithful Di Martini.
more often alone. There came but one
interruption in his pursuit, the day
that Fcnnimore went into court and
pleaded guilty TO manslaughter. Once
more he was the modern Monte Cristo:
Three"
Tho Police Department did every
thing in its power to find Rofrano,
His photograph under the heading
Wanted for Murder" stared out OF
every subway and elevated station
bulletin board. II was stuck on lamp
posts and billboards. II was printed
III many languages. Copies of the cir
oular were distributed throughout
every city in the country. The entire
police force OF the United States was
an ally Of Gaimari IN his legalized
vendetta.
The vcngeful young italian held TO
his man hunt persistently. He was told
that Rofrano was In Canarsie. He
secured Jamaica Bay from end to end.
He talked to thousands OF his country
men. II was to no avail.
Some one whispered his enemy was
in sullivan county, New York. working
as farmland. Gaimari. eternally
hopeful. went there The trip was futile
Then came "A tip that he was In At
lantic City. There was no foundation
for II. Even to distant jacksonville
Fla. he went. Nothing resulted. II
was hard work. It was firing work. II
was dscouraging. but GaImari never
tagged. He spent thousands OF dol
lars In tho resultless search, but he
The sun., 1916-10-22
Rofrano Trial Climax of Drama Of
Revenge in Which the Court Was
Chosen as More Certain Weapon
Than the Knife or Pistol
Joseph La Sale.

ever his brother John gave him . res
pite from his hunt.
He was there last May when word
came through Martin w. Lttleton
that Rofrano was ready TO surrender.
Gaimari waited. He set himself where
Rofrano could not fail to see him rs
he came in a prisoner. Tanned, smil
ing. confident Rofrano entered with
District Attorney Swami. II he saw
Gaimari he gave no sign. Gainari
too was smiling. but It was a grim
smile.
Where Rofrano was hidden in the
months following the indictment will
not be known until some day this
week, when he may explain to the jury
why he ned. Gaimari devoted himself
to finding out, but has not yet been
successful.
With the surrender OF Rofrano Il
might he believed that the avenGcr
had fulfilled his self-appointed task
Not so. with the District Attorneys
office he took upon himself new work
Montimagno made "a confession TO the
District Attorney-the same which
was told on the stand by the l'tle
bootblack last Tuesday. New figures
were brought into the murder plot
Gaimari set himself to help The DIS
trict Attorneys office sift the new
facts There resulted two more muir
der indictments against Brond.ni and
Curica.
Before this. however, there WAS an
other man hunt fr Gaimari Cur,.t
who until his Indictment had been held
II. a
his guardian. Gaimari with the sam"
unjoyous zest he had given to follow
ing Rofrano went after Curica, The
quarry ended the hunt Of his own ac-
cord. He walked into tho Distric'
Attorneys office to give himself up
He walked also into the indictment
which puts him in the same pligh'
with Rofrano.
1t is apparent now that the fervor
OF Ga!mari has reacted somewhat upun
the states purposes. For instance.
Roxy Cornell, who was expected .
confess. who came down from Dame
mora with the announcement that he
would tell all, suddenly changed h'-
mind when he found Gaimari 50
closely webbcd with the States agents
He has no more changed in his hatred
of Gaimari than the latter has re
Tented.
BY the same token, Pauline Sam
uels. the sweetheart OF Roxy. in whose
homo in Brooklyn the murder plans
are said TO have been perfected. fol-
/ lowed his lead. As a witness on Nor
! day she kept her lips closed tight.
Every day Gaimari has been AT the
HslA 80 80 l.
an attendant at the other trials, Every
night when the days ordeal for Ro-
franc was ended he had to pass Ga!-
mari on his way 10 tho Tomhs. Neither
man has smiled much in the last week.
Rofrano knows that Gamari has 10
other hope in life than 10 count hin
as -Four" In his list OF vendetta vic
tins.
The sun., 1916-10-22

Once more he comhed the under
word for some clue that would give
the connection. At last 1t came. lie
learned that the slayers of Minott. the
La Sale brothers, then in Sing Sing
serving life terms. knew Of Cornells
confidential relations with Rofrano and
Mont.maGno. With the aid of Di Mar
tint and Deacon Murphy La Sale was
enlisted as witness against Month
magno. II was in this trial La Sale
dropped u municipal homhshcll when
he brough; the name Of Rofrano into
the murder plot. Rofrano declined to
take the stand 10 refute the charge.
lie explained II was too ridiculous to
deserve serious attention.
MontimaGno was convicted. As he
was led out of the court room toward
the death house. Gaimari. after the
manner OF Monte Cr.sto. commented;
zone"
Cornell. tippant. willy, belligcrent
was called TO trial next. lie never
knew Montmagno, he said. He did
know Rofrano, but their relations were
based on business entirely, II was his
contention. Tho jury found Roxy
SuIIlN W illHluil III nv StCblll et.
Ga!mari sat near the rail at the
back OF the court room. Roxy paused
% his way 10 tho Bridge OF S!ghs.
Wei. cheated the chair. didn't II"
hc cXu.tcd to Gaimar!. "You will get
yours one Of these days"
As he went through the door he gave
the death sign. the index finger OF the
right hand across the throat--the same
sigma! which terroriZed Joe la Sale as
a witness IN the Rofrnno trial the
other day. Ga'mari smiled gr!mly, as
once more recalling Monte Cristo he
uttered the word:
Two"
The doom of Montimagno and the
narrow escape OF Roxy had its effect
on Fonnimore, then IN the Tomhs
awaiting trial for the same crime
Many were the pleas hc made to the
District Attorney to let him confess
As many were the rcfusals. Finally
one September day when he promised
The sun., 1916-10-22

Gaimari. Foley's whip among the 1tal-
ians. was stabbed in the back. That
same night Vincenzo Cardella. af'ili-
ated with the anti-Foley faction. was
shot and killed. Gaimaris brothers.
Albert and John. were arrested for
the murder.
Mike Gaimari recovered. His broth
ers were acquitted Of the Cardcla
crime. But the era Of violence did not
end. a number OF persons OF minor
consequence were stabbed or shot
before James Ninott, another Foley
lieutenant, was put out OF existence
by Joseph and Antonio La Sale, one
Of whom was n witness In the trial
last week
That was on New Years Day, 1915.
| on March as Mike Gaimari was
walking in front OF the Oak street po-
lice station he got four bullets in the
back from the pistol OF Gaetano Mon
tlmagno, the ratfaced bootblack who
came out OF Sing Sings shadow OF
death last week to testify against
/ Rofrano.
| In candy store in Oak street Albert
Gaimari swore the oath Of the ven
delta. Before crowd of Italians who
would have deemed him a poltroon
otherwise. one faithless TO the tradi-
| t!ons. he promised himself no rest un-
/ III the slayer Of his brother had paid
for the crime. Through the Second
district then the word was spread
al Gaimari Is out to kill the man
who shot his brother
In the district where the Gaimarls
had lived for a quarter of a century
they were more or less popular idols,
There were three OF them active in
politics-Mike. Al and John. the
youngest. Blood ties never were
stronger than among these brothers,
They were the Three Musketeers.
Therefore. when word was passed that
AL was out for vengeance the district
set itself to see what form the killing
would take. 1t was foreseen that with
a new killing In prospect Al Gaimari
fated himself either to be slain IN
reprisal or to fall into the laws
clutches once moro. And the Second
district. at least the Foley contingent.
was sorry at the prospect.
For Al Gaiman Is only 27 years old,
tall. blessed with a fair share of Ital-
ian good looks. we'll educated and well
The sun., 1916-10-22

10 do, Therefore the district hated to
lose him. Yet It felt that he must
carry out his oath. though It meant
his life.
The police spared him the necessity.
They picked up Montimagno within
a few minutes after the crime. To
those familiar with the vendetta Al
Ga.mari thereby was ahsolved. But he
would not have il so.
That night in his home. while
around the coffin OF his brother wom' II
prayed and his men friends whispered,
Al Gaimari renewed his oath. He
swore that ne would have no peace un-
I'll he had worked his revenge upon
those who stood back OF the little boot
black. those who had hired the sssls-
sin. There was no doubt az to who It
was that Ga!marl meant. once more
the district looked for a quick killing.
What Gaimari had set out 10 accom-
plsh h" knew could not be done with
one pistol shot, nor half a dozen. II
was a task beyond lcthal weapons. II
was IN this extremity that he turned
To tho weapon that had com" So close
TO destroying him hciore-thc law.
Relentless, rcmorseless as regarded
his enemies without sense OF fatigue,
Of crushing forcc--so Al Gaimari was
known. lie knew the law To possess
these qualities To a far greater degree
than lie ever could attain. ii" wanted
the law for his ally.
To the men who had prosecuted him
the two men who had asked a jury to
send him to death, George y. Broth
ers and Deacon Murphy OF the hom-
eide bureau in the District Attorneys
office, went Gaimari. lie shook hands
with Felix ID Martini. the detective
who had secured the Second district
for evidence to connect him and his
brother with the Cardela killing
He told them his suspicious. The
men he believed were standing back
OF Montmagno were Rocco Carnivale
better known as Roxy Cornell, and
Frank Fennimore. They laughed nj
his belief. Fcnnimore, 'hoy told him
was in the Tombs. had been there fur
The sun., 1916-10-22

state and Gaimari. Another Is serving
life term. Fourteen years Is the sem
tence OF the other. And two more
men under Indictment for tho same
murder are awaiting trial. There are
half dozen others under indictments
for minor crimes that were the out
growth OF the Gaimari killing.
Gaimari finds the State an adequate
avenger. His oath Is being more than
fulfilled.
He knows--he has realized It from
his own experience-that when the
state sets out TO satisfy n debt It has
a power, "A completeness and a merci-
lessness far beyond the range OF the
individual He knows this because a
little moro than two years ago the
state put him on trial for his life In
the court room where Rofrano now
is sitting as defendant.
For explanation Of this II Is neces-
sary TO dip into the political history
of the Second Assembly district. the
record of which has been spread on
the minutes of many murder trials in
the last three years.
The Second district stretches east
and south of Chatham Square. II
takes in territory that for years has
been in a state OF racial transition.
Originally It was an Irish stronghold,
but an Italian invasion that started
about five years ago has blotted out
its first identity. Practically all that
remains of the Celtic flavor Is Tom
Foley. tho Tammany power. who is
leader in the district.
The story OF the vendetta began
when Rofrano became ambitious three
years ago. He had been a Foley lieu
tenant for years. He aspired to Con-
gress. It Is said. and Foley ridiculed
him. Thereupon Rotrano and two
militant Celts. Gene and Clem Dris-
coll, organized n schism.
1t split the Democratic party in the
district wide open. There were pri-
mary fights. election day fights, fights
on any day and every day between
the factions Several lives were lost
in the revolt. The climax came on a
night in November, 1918, when Mike
The sun., 1916-10-22

~ EFoRE the law the vendetta
n had its birth. It was the full
filment of the principle later
enunciated in Scripture-an eye for
m eye, n tooth for a tooth. With the
coming OF the law the vendetta was
written out OF existence. But II re-
fused to pass. Its private vengeance
remained as a protest against the in
action Of the law. OF the insufiiciency
Of its punishment. 1t survives yet
Only a few days ago a poor wretch in
Little Italy. De Marco his name, was
slain In satisfaction Of a vendetta oath
Tho whole public are onlookers in
the working out OF another vendetta
The law not only condones it but abets
Il. The State Of New York through its
punitive agencies is pushing this ven-
dctta with utmost vigor. The Police
Department of New York, in fact the
police OF the whole country. cooperated
TO deliver to the oath taker the victim
he asked.
Twelve men Will soon decide whether
Michael A. Rofrano Is to be offered in
propitiation OF the vendetta OF Albert
Gaimari. The trial OF Rofrano is the
natural operation of the criminal law,
Of course. Yet 1t is also the working
out Of Gaimari's vendetta--a vendetta
legalized.
There Is this about the ancient Ital-
IAN oath Of personal revenge; 1t had its
limitations. II was and is the theory
Of the vendetta oath that one life is
sufYicient payment for a life. Because
Of this restriction Albert Gaimari took
the law In as a party to his vendetta
He demands the lives Of all concerned
in the killing OF his brother. Michael
Gaimari, on the morning Of March 8
1915.
Thus far his alliance with tho Law
IN carrying out the terms Of his oath
has yielded him a measure of revenge
that exceeds what private vengeance
could have given. Before Rofranc
Ghree men sat in the same court room
on trial for their lives. One Of them
doomed to the electric chair. came
down last week as witness for the
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1916-04-15

mentia Of profligacy, makes an appall-
ing impression. And It appeals him
not less when he reflects that bare
two years ago the aimless. tawdry life
which he finds here In full swing was
not essentially dissimilar from the life
that be and his were leading on the
other side of the Atlantic. Well. we in
England have put that behind US for
a very long while to come. New York
also may be reused, and at no very
distant date, to a nobler mood. But
for the present, its immersion in gett-
ing and spending shuts off from 1t
Europe and the war as with an i'm
penetrable curtain.
1t is in vain that the papers here
publish from all the belligerent ma
lions brilliant and comprehensive &C.
counts Of what is going on. Nobody
has time to read them. Still less has
anyone time to reflect upon them
anyone, / mean, in that dining, dane
ing, infinitely be-paragraphed section
Of New York that calls itself society,
and that misrepresents the metropolis
in the eyes of America and the world.
But outside the whirl and froth of
an existence that seems a continuous
orgy, there are sober, sensitive, keen
thinking men and women to be met
by the hundreds in whom war and
American policy in regard to 1t usurp
all other thoughts and emotions. They
are the people who support the innum-
cradle war charities with which New
York abounds. Heart and sold they
denounce and abominate the figure
their country has been made to cut
during the past eighteen months. No
Englishman would dare to say one
half the things that are said in New
York against American conditions and
policies; and nowhere 1 suppose, In
the world will one hear more passion
ate indictments of Germany and the
Germans.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1916-04-15

and daughters Of the Republic. cut OFF
from their normal scenes OF pleasure
and obliged to fall back upon New
York As a. any rate better than moth
ing. there has been a vast influx OF
new millionaires, the direct product
Of the war.
Even in the great days Of the steel
boom Of nearly fifteen years ago. when
every train that reached Manhattan Is
land seemed to deposit fresh carloads
OF Western millionaires consumed
with the one ambition to outshine and
out spend the effete and conservative
denizens OF New York-even then the
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1916-04-15

hotels and theatres were not 80
crowded. Fifth Avenue was not such
an impossible jam OF superlative cars,
the opera was less peoiamonded. the
restaurants saw fewer dinners that
would have made Lucullus gasp and
stare. luxury was less OF common
place. and extravaganza rioted less OBJ
trusively than today. New York then
was merely intoxicated with money.
Today Il reels and staggers and stinks
with 1t.
On one fresh from the heroic temp
er. the earnestness and abnegations OF
England. the city, In its present de-
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1916-04-15
PLACES WHERE YOU
MAY WORSHIP
ST. PAUL'S CHURCH.

Palm Sunday, April 16, 1916
Litany, Holy Communion and SER
mon, IL A. M.
Evening prayer and sermon. 1880.
Sunday School, 1890 P. NJ.
Holy Week Services.
Wednesday, Penitential Office and
Intercessions. 1880 P. NJ.
Good Friday. three hours service,
IL to P. M.
Meditation on the Seven Words
from the Cross.
A welcome to all. come even If you
can only stay few minutes.
ERNEST H. PRICE, Rector.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1916-04-15
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.
Elko o16e3.
Carson O1772.

Carson UI17Z.
Department OF the Interior.
q. g. Land Office at Elko. Nevada.
March 20, 1916.
Notice Is hereby given that Carl H.
Mayer. Of Elko. Nevada. who. on
March "a. 1913. made Homestead Ap-
plication, Carson City 07772. now
Elko. No. O1662. for Sh NwA Sec. 8
and Lot 1; SEX NEA, Section -.
Township A North. Range S. East.
Mt Diablo Base and Meridian, has
filed notice Of intention to make Final
three year Proof, to establish claim to
the land above described. before the
Register and Receiver Of the u. 8.
Land Office, at Elko, Nevada, on the
9Th day OF May, 1916.
Claimant names as Witnesses:
Harry Parker, of Gold Creek, Ne
vada-
John Chapman, of Gold Creek, Me-
vada.
Thomas L. Tennille, of Gold Greek,
Nevada
Frank Barnes, of Ely. Nevada.
JOHN e. ROBBINS,
Register.
First publication, March 20, 1916.
Last publication, April 20, 1916.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1916-04-15
LOCALS PERSONALS

< w. g. Wright has purchased the
Title Guarantee and Trust Co. office
building on Iaano street near Fouth.
Charles Howard the North Fork
sheepman is in Elko today. He ex-
poets his sheep from the south this
afternoon.
The Bachman grand larceny case
was set for trial for March 18th. A
demurrer was interposed In the case OF
shipping horses out OF the county
without inspection. The same has
been argued and submitted.
1t has not yet been decided whether
a new grand jury will be called to
consider the cases against Sam Bach
man, or whether he will be proceeded
against under information charges. It
is probable. however. that the former
method will be pursued.
Dave Marquardson, one of the promi-
nent citizens OF Jarbidge is an Elko
visitor. He says that fair eastern
damsels continue to answer the recent
advertisement OF Jarbidge miners for
wives, and that several more weddings
are on the tapis.
Sheriff Harris departed for Carson
City yesterday with Lon-Duval who
recently plead guilty to horse stealing
and was sentenced to a term of one
to fourteen years. The officers de-
serve due credit for the way in which
this case was handled. saving the
county an expensive trial.