The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1916-03-09

Sharp Williams of Mississippi. Liter
ally the senate has been a forum for
give-and-take speeches with diplomacy
as its text.
1t has been pretty definitely shown
by the speeches already made In the
house and senate that preparedness Is
a political issue. even If diplomacy has
no such a place. 1t is also shown that
neither Democrats nor Republicans
seem to feel that in the matter Of pre-
paredness they should not talk poll
tics The reason that preparation for
defense has become a political issue
is that the Republicans believe in a
greater measure of preparedness than
do the Democrats. and, therefore. pre-
paredness as a policy has become a
party matter
Compromise on Preparedness7
1t seems almost certain today that
a military preparedness bill in the
form in which it will finally go to the
president for his signature will be
compromise between the house meas
ure and the senate measure.
AS the country knows .retty thor
oughly by this time, the plan of Chair
man Hay of the house committee on
military affairs is to federaliZe the
militia to as great an extent as possi-
BILE, and thereby to make the state
troops a reserve for the regular army,
instead of instituting a continental
army of volunteers, as was and still
is the senate plan. Chairman Hay was
opposed to large increase in the
regular army, but 1t is now believed
he, his committee with him and also
the house, will agree eventually to an
increase in the regular army until it
shall reach strength of about 100000
men. This regular force, supplement-
ed by largely increased and strength
ened militia, will form the main land
forces for defense purposes OF the
United States, provided, of course,
that the expected compromise with
the senate is reached.
The senate committee on military
affairs, of which Senator Chamber
lain of Oregon is chairman, has stood
for the Garrison plan of large con.
tinental army of volunteers and for
an increase in the regular army to a
number much greater than that fixed
upon by Chairman Hay of the house
committee. 1t seems today as If the
outcome will be that the house will
yield to the senate in the matter of
considerable increase in the regu.
lar army and that the senate will yield
to the extent of giving over its CONT
mental army and accepting as sub.
stitute therefor a federal militia
plan.
FederaIlzed Militia Argument.
There are army officers OF high ranl
who hold that the militia never can
be thoroughly federalized. In Other
words, they believe that all the laws
which congress may pass to bring
about liberalization will not do wha
they are expected to do, because, al
the army men say, the Constitution
of the United States stands in the
way.
In contravention to the army view
friends of the federalized militia plaI
say that high legal authorities agree
that the United States government
without violating the Constitution
can take over virtually full control oi
the militia. Moreover, they say that
pecuniary aid which will be granted
by government to the militia can
be withdrawn at any time that the
states do not live up to the agree
ments which the government insists
that they shall make, If they are tc
be the recipients of Uncle Sans
bounty.
Provisions for Officers.
It is believed the number of cadets
at West Point will be doubled by the
legislation which 1t is thought the
house and senate will agree upon. II
is also expected that government aid
in the form of money will be given
to a state college in each common
wealth for the purpose of instructing
young men adequately in military sci
ence. 1t is held that these schools
will give young Americans a sufficient
military training to enable them tt
take up the duties of the junior com
mission grades in the volunteer serv
ice of their country in time of trouble
| DO nrnnnonH hNy tho
mittee, and it seems likely that itl
plan will enter into the law, that the
officers and men who enter the state
militia shall serve for six years, three
with the colors and three years will
the reserves. The equipment, train
ing and discipline of the militia is tt
be prescribed by congress. Enlist
ments in the Guard are to be made
with the understanding that the presi
dent may draft the militia in time o.
emergency without reQuisition upor
the governors of the states. The
training of the militia is to be regu
lated by the secretary of war and Il
is said that in view of the contention
that governors have the power to mus
ter out the militia, the bill will contain
a specific provision doing away will
such power.
1t is generally agreed by army Off
GERS and members of congress that
with the varying views on this fed
eralization militia problem, the thing
will have to be tried out before it car
be announced as a success.
Reason for Old Jokes.
"Why are there 80 manv old toke,