The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1916-02-24

u which he assigned; he considered junior
- watch officer" He is expected take the
navigation If he is assigned to a vessel hav
MN M he is considered what his certificate
~ represents him to be- second The second mates
M!RRoR duties board vessel having but two mates
ruous than those the second mate vessel that carries
officers Before advancing the higher grade which
first ma the second officer that he has served
since obtaining his second mates certificate His duties
those second officer he has served
only in the of junior third fourth ofc the length
of his of somewhat longer than he had served
second officer only With the credentials hand the
applicant appears the Board Trade His
this practically the when he applied for his
ticket
There few additional questions navigation be
applicants little
extensive passed
After period of eighteen months the holder first ticket
allowed take the examination for capan cerfc provided
he has length
sci of less than 5000 making speed of
sixteen knots or upwards an hour and carrying crew OF not less
than 130 including deck officers besides the
Again the applicant examined by the Board of Trade Besides
being all branches of navigaor he satisfactorily
the following how and check
break of board ship how make invoices charter
bills of exchange He must know the law
the and discharge of marks
and the and be made hem the
in regard botomry and Under the heading of
Ship he questions that him. Among the
he has how when placing ship
drydock the mode of when putting
distress with damage and shp the best for
towing vessels under different and the
of a disabled ship.
Assuming that person has attained possession
captains cerfcaeit follows that
he will There steamship lines which
that officer who likely be called take watch
of their shall be possessed of captains certificate
Bnt that the captain has command Pre-
viou obtaining command of his the troubles
taking his troubles begin pile
for him. unless he has mighty cool head those troubles will
him and then goodbye certificate 1t the usual
thing for skipper be paid monthly salary and addition he
sometimes receives bonus for freedom from accidents The cap
tains salary many respects different footing than the
wages Under old freight" said be the moth
wages upon freight therefore de-
pended But the emouments subject this
tngency Again. the captain permitted salary
commissions which he entitled The barred
by law from making such insurance The captain however,
personally responsible the sailor for the of his
When engaging each
what termed articles These articles usually the
following the and possible the dua
ion of the intended and places the
world which the extend
the description the specifying how
gagged the which the duty
the capacity which the is and the he
receve the provisions each will be furnished
conduct board and the ne short al
provisions other lawful punhments
All of this kind read and signed the of the
superintendent the which
The agreement duplicate and the original;
the skipper keeps duplicate the
orgina giving the skipper certificate show that
properly carried Without such crf
skipper could obtain clearance for his vessel
given his clearance papers by the officers.
The subject Of discipline is akin to that of the
gagement the right and duty the skipper
discipline in his ship founded the of
The thing skipper has bear
would command others first learn obedience him
self especially obedience include self The ruling
the observance dignity and his
dealings him. the sanctions which
has the discipline his ship. He
possible keep with his and
certainly his officers theirs The when
handle unmolested,
an strike any member of ships good that
does his certificate One such which
of first who boawan board
drubbing wood the
badly bruised boatswain reaching
before the Board Trade where