davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1916-02-24

Is il practical to bore out and put in
new pistons?
1t Is advisable when the cylinders
are not worn too eccentric, and only a
small mount of metal need be re-
moved. Perhaps .OO2 to .OOj inch would
be sufficient.
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1916-02-24

What is il that causes the tapping
sound in a motor when the spark is
advanced too far, when motor is labor.
Ing2 Why is it that this happens when
a motor is new and the pistons, wrist
pins and rings are absolutely tight and
perfect fitting?
Very often with the spark advanced
too far the pound given by the motor
is simply the impact Of the working
parts transmitted to the volume Of eX.
plOding gas in the combustion cham
Der. This is communicated through
out the motor, and the resonant quail
ties Of the metal in the motor permit
a pounding effect to enSue. With pis.
tons that are III any way loose at the
bottom the reversed power causes Il
slap, but even without the piston slap
the pounding noise would be in evil
dence.
With the present tendency of put.
ting the piston rings at the top and
none at the bottom, there is sometimes
a slap caused by the oscillating Of the
piston about II Of the upper rings,
brought on due to the reversal Of pow.
er TO preignition. 1t must be remem-
bered, however, that even with the
best fitting motors a charge preigni-
ton will find any place where there
Is b~acklash, as the reaction even car
ries through the timing gears, valve
mechanism, etc.
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1916-02-24

What is the objection found to trans
mission gears built in and receiving the
same oil as the cylinders? Is there any
great objection to this oil as used in
crank case as a lubricant to the trans
mission gears?
The main objection to this Is that
the lubricant which is suitable for CYL
lnders Is not suitable for gears. Gears
require a viscOus lubricant, which
cllngs to the surface and provides "A
substantial film between the teeth
The gear wheel must be able to carry
the oil around with it. In the cylinder
the oil requirements are entirely diff
ferent. The difficulties Of high TEN.
peratures must be net with, and since
are TO be faced the oil will naturally
have TO be different If it is to provide
ideal fabrication. Very often makers
i'm the past have connected the gear set
10 the crank case, so that the oil I'm the
latter worked its way 10 the former.
ana vice versa. These makers have
gradually abandoned the method. how
ever, rs the oil from the crank case
was not considered TO be ideal for the
gear set. Another great objection to
the use OF the int]erconnected gear set
and crank case IS that the car user
would often put heavy oil In the gear
box, with the result that it would
work its way into the crank case ana
cause carbOnization OF the cylinders.
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1916-02-24

My car travels we'll up to a speed of
twenty miles per hour, but when the
speed is increased the water boils so
fast that the radiator is soon emptied
and consequently I have the usual
trouble which accompanies a heated
engine. The pump is in good condition,
new heavy hose all around. The RAJ
diator was opened up and all the tubes
were free, and also the tanks are in
good shape. Circulation seems to be
good. The cylinders have recently
been burned out with oxygen What
can be the trouble?
1t would seem that your trouble must
result from II Of two causes-irst,
an improper setting Of the spark,
which can be corrected by advancing
the magnetic, or, second. by a collaps-
ing hose connection between the radi-
ator and the water pump. which at
twenty miles per hour or over becomes
closed. due to the suction Of the pump.
This latter cause seems to be the most
probable. and 1t can be remedied by
winding a piece Of wire into the shape
or a coil spring and inserting it tightly
Into the tube. thus holding the wall
against collapsing under the suction
of the pump.
Would running a small stream Of wa.
ter through the engine while IL 10 hot
and running, pouring Il slowly into the
peteock at the fork Of the intake mani
fold. loosen and blow out carbon in the
cyIinders7
The use of water In this way hardly
would loosen tie carbon. Kerosene nj.
lowed to remain In the cylinders fof
about twelve hours would be better.
for the loosening process requires that
the oil In the carbon be dissolved.
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1916-02-24

Is il necessary for the front wheels
of a car to toe in, and, if so, how much?
1t Is customary to give the front
wheels One-quarter inch foregather to
facilitate steering.
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1916-02-24

Some engines stop almost immedi-
ately after the switch is cut off, while
others seem to lose their momentum
gradually. Why is this7
When the switch is cut off on an en-.
CINE it is merely Il matter Of bringing
to rest the moving parts, which are no
longer propelled by the explosion Of
the gases in the combustion chamber.
Only one influence is probably great
enough to be considered as the OppOs-
ing factor to the movement of the mo-
tor. and this is the internal friction.
When this has eXerted its influence to
such an extent that the motor Is un-
able TO turn itself over against the
compression Of the cylinders it will
come to rest. The compression is not
an opposing factor unless the ONE
tum is insufficient to carry the motor
over top center, because when it Is
carried owe top center the expansion
Of the compressed air gives up prac-
tically all the power which was utiliZ-
ed in COMPRISING it. If the compress
sion is exceptionally heavy then the
speed does not have to be reduced as
far as 1t would II only a light COM
preston were used before the engine
will be unable to urn itself over the
dead point. With these considerations
1t will be easily seen that a motor with
tight bearings. tight piston rings and
high compression will come to rest
much quicker than one which has the
opposite conditions. or course a gas
tight motor Is more efficient under run
ming conditions than one which is too
Proo
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1916-02-24

NY car misfres under load. but II !
take q hill running fast Il will not mis-
fire. have cleaned and adjusted the
breaker points, also the spark plugs.
What can be the matter7
This may be caused by poor car
buretor adjustment for low and inter-
mediate; also by some arrangement In
the igniting system whereby there is
an insufficient spark. sent to the plugs
at low engine speeds. 1t Is possible
that you adjusted the interrupter
points improperly or that you set the
plug gaps too wide. Leaks about the
cylinder plugs and inlet manifold may
cause the trouble.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1916-06-20
CONSULAR PARTIsANsHIP
VXTHILE it is generally known thai
wv the Wilson administration has

VXTHILE it is generally known that
Wv the Wilson administration has
been the most intensely par
tisan of any since Andrew Jackson
established the principle that ito the
victors belong the spoils," yet few
people know the real extent to which
the administration has gone in sub
ordinating government efficiency to
political party eXpediency. Indeed, the
record is such an amazing one that
few people are willing to believe it,
even when the story is supported by
evidence.
But the public will not be left in
the dark. Nor will President Wilson
be permitted to mislead the voters by
his present appeal for nonpartisanship.
Congressman Rogers, of Massachu-
setts, has rendered a very important
service to the American people by
placing in the Congressional Record.
by means of speech on the floor of
the House, statement of some of the
acts of this administration in turning
the consular service over to seekers of
spoils.
After showing that the merit sys-
tenn in the consular service was firmly
established during a Republican ad-
ministration in 1906, Mr.. Rogers shows
that early in 1914 President Wilson
began setting aside the merit system
of appointments and promotions. To
remove any apprehension that this
policy was the work of w. J. BRYAN.
then Secretary of State, Mr.. Rogers
points out the fact that of the first six
appointments made in violation of the
merit system, three were of men who
lived in New Jersey, and in whom
Bryan had no interest. The other
three were appointments of men from
Virginia, Illinois and Texas, and it was
evident that some one other than
Bryan was interested in the appoint
ments.
1t did not take Bryan long, how
ever,e to take the cue from his chief
and to devise a means of making
these appointments himself. BY ap-
pointing men to minor positions and
then soon after promoting them to
high h-salaried places in the consular
service, he circumvented the require.
ments of the merit system the Re-
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1916-06-20

to the country. He holds that promo
tion of the security and we'll being of
the nation must be the paramount con-
sideration with all patriotic citizens,
regardless of personal or party in
terests.
These deep-rooted beliefs leave him
no alternative, as a loyal American,
but to avoid any action which would
contribute to a continuance of the Will
son administration. He is persuaded
that IL he accepted the Progressive
nomination he would virtually under
write the reelection of President Will
son, and, holding the views he does,
that action would appear to him to be
little short of treason.
Therefore, he is compelled by events
and conditions to obey a summons
more powerful than considerations of
party advantage. loyalty to friends and
supporters or his devotion to Progress
sive principles. He cannot, as q patriot,
pursue any other courses
According to the judgment of many
Progre ssives-of a majority, we think
there is no alternative. Patriotic
duty commands the adoption of a
course which to jeering enemies and
faithful friends will seem like apos-
tasy, which will wound the hearts and
crush the spirit of a host of high
minded men and women-the tempo
rary elimination of the Progressive
party as vital political organization.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1916-06-20
Employment of Drinkers

Time was when a drinking man was
not considered necessarily undesirable
as an employe. If he was a good
workman, he might even drink to ex-
cess occasionally without mourning the
executive displeasure. All that was
asked of him was that his sprees
should not come too often.
In certain trades and plants, there
is still more or less tolerance of in
temperance, but 1t is by no means so
common as it was a generation ago.
The personal liberty" of the en-
ploye is not questioned, but there has
grown up with it a doctrine that the
employer also enjoys a personal liberty
which entities him to refuse to hire
men whose habits subject him to need
less annoyance and financial risk.
Pennsylvania compensation law will
doubtless be productive of more good
in this particular than any prohibition
or local option measure that could be
devised.
Under the old common law, a work.
man injured while in a state of in
ton, was not entitled to damages.
Consequently. there was no incentive
for employers to be very strict on the
subject.
Under the compensation law, IL you
permit a drunken man to work for
you, the liability for whatever may
happen to him is yours, not the drunk
ards. To this extent, the act makes
you your "brother's keeper"
The one safe course to follow is to
weed out of your plant the men who
drink. - Pennsylvania Manufacturers
Association Bulletin.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1916-06-20
PENNSYLVANIA FIRST
a INVOLVEMENT from Washi

a announcement from Washing
n ton that General Funston wants
the Pennsylvania National Guard
at the border first and as soon as it
can be sent caused a thrill of pride
to run up the spine of every loyal
Pennsylvania who read yesterdays
dispatch from Washington.
We have been long aware that the
National Guard of Pennsylvania is
second to none in the Union, but we
have never had that brought so promi-
nently before the people of the whole
country as is now the case. Just how
much of this credit belongs to Adju-
tant General Thomas j. Stewart, it
would be unfair to other officers who
have had large part in the upbuild-
ing of the Guard to say, but this much
is certain, that General Stewart has
been and is the backbone and the
guiding brain of the militia in this
State and that to him more than to
any other one man is due the high
rating of our soldiers. He has labored
long and arduously, but he is now
ndNlnB MS reward. lneTe are lSW men
in the regular service who are the
superiors of General Stewart in his
particular line of work and Pennsyl-
vania takes off its hat to him to-day.
General Stewart will tell you, how
ever, If you ask, that the officers and
the rank and file of the Pennsylvania
Guard are very largely to thank for
the excellence of the service. He and
many other officers who have given
thought to the matter and who have
had opportunity to observe, believe
that the personnel of the Pennsylvania
militia is second to none in the coun-
trv and the eagerness of men to enlist
since the call for troops is plain indi-
cation that in and out of the Guard
the military spirit of Pennsylvania has
not waned and that our young men
are as ready to-day to step to the
front when the bugle calls as they
were in the earlier days of the republic
when foes beset and the nation needed
defenders.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1916-06-20

publicans had established as a test
OF qualification.
Thus, just as President Wilson had
set aside the regulations by executive
order, Mr.. Bryan evaded them by
making preliminary appointments to
undesirable positions, but which could
be made a stepping stone to perma-
nent positions In the service. By
these methods, inexperienced men
were placed on the government pay
roll alongside men with twenty to
twenty-five years of practical expert
ence in the foreign field.
AS Mr.. Rogers pointed out the most
serious feature of this overthrow of
the merit system was not in the loss
of the salary that is paid to mex
perienced men who supplant men of
demonstrated efficiency. The adoption
of the policy of partisanship discour-
ages men of real ability and qualifica-
tion from aspiring to positions in the
consular service. without assurance
of permanency of employment, they
will not prepare for the work, and,
having secured positions, they feel no
incentive to put forth their best eff
forts to demonstrate ability, for their
positions may be taken away from
them whenever party expediency re-
quires.
Moreover, it is discouraging to men
who have made every effort to serve
their country well, when they see in
experienced men given supervisory
positions at large salaries. while there
are thirty or forty men already in
the service and fully qualified, left in
the subordinate positions. This policy
Of using the consular service for po-
litical reward, tends to destroy the
ambition of men upon whom the use
fulness of the service depends.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1916-06-20
DIR. DoWNEs, REPORT
nRINTED copies of DIR. F. ]
Downes' report as superintent

nRINTED copies of DIR. F. E.
Downes' report as superintend-
ent of city schools, ought to be
in the hands of everybody in Harris
burg interested in school affairs 1t
is brimful and running over with
good suggestions.
DR.. Downes approaches his prob
lens in a decidedly practical way.
Take for instance his recommends
tions concerning the opening Of the
school houses for uses of the public
during the evenings. He says that he
is heartily in favor of the proposal
to use them as social and community
certers, but that he believes this should
not be done except under the direc-
ton of experienced and paid men and
women. The school board, he says,
has no objection to the community
center plan but that the question has
been purely financial.
That being the case, the people
ought to express themselves in no un-
certain terms. AS soon as the school
directors understand that there is an
urgent demand for social centers in
Harrisburg and that the people are
willing to stand the small expense re-
quired they will vote the appropria-
ton. 1t is only natural that they
should hesitate in view of the recent
increase in that tax rate to cover
other expenditures.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1916-06-20
GIVE 1T A NAME

DEYOND question it. is in the
ID minds of the people of Harris
burg that the river carnival
which marked the celebration of the
completion of the great public i'm
provement enterprise in Harrisburg
last year is to be made an annual
event. That being so, it is only proper
that those in charge should decide
upon distinctive name for it. New
Orleans has its Mardi Gras, Los
Angeles it's rose festival and a dozen
other cities are famed for celebrations
no more beautiful nor attractive than
that in Harrisburg could be. We have
the vast water theater on the river
for any spectacle we may decide to
stage and we have a seating capacity
so vast that all the city and people
from a score of other towns might sit
down in comfort to see it. That is
one of the advantages of our Front
Steps,
This water carnival, attractively
named and elaborated, might be made
in time as famous as any one of the
many similar festivals held through
out this and other countries. 1t would
be a great advertisement for the city
and bring hither vast crowds of peo-
pie to celebrate with us and to enjoy
our hospitality. But the first thing to
be done is to insure it's permanency
and the next is to give it a name that
will be at once descriptive and ap-
pealing.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1916-06-20
NOTHING MEANER
BY Wing DinEer

used to hear folks talk lot
About pesky i'll
They called malaria which brought
First fever then chill,
thought they overdid the thing,
The way they did complain,
And wondered If it really could
Cause so much ache and pain.
I've ceased my doubtings. reader, dear,
All that's been said is true.
Since Sunday I've been sick with 1t.
One minute I've been blue
With icy chills, which like a fash
Would change to fever hot
Until really didn't care
If school should keep or not.
These folks who talk about rose colds,
Hay fever and such Ills
Should keep their silence, they can't
match
The fever and the chills
The aches and pains and other things
That with malaria go
There's nothing worse, take 1t from me.
I've had it and l know.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1916-06-20
BY BRIGGS

your hands and face
When it comes to the malarial mos
quito of the South, the deadly Steg-
omyia, these "dopes" are not to be re-
lied upon. Nearly any of them will
lose their efficacy in the course of a
long night, and Stegomyia begins to
bite Just about daylight, when most
persons are sleeping very soundly. BY
mixing one part of oil of citronella
With four parts of vaseline, you can
greatly retard the evaporation of the
protective oil. The kerosene is more
effective than pleasant and has been
used extensively in the Philippines.
If you are going into a southern
country, where you know the malarial
mosquito exists, the proper precaution
is to take some sort of bar or can
opy. DO not think that the screening
or house is enough to protect you.
There are sure to be opportunities for
the mosquitoes to slip through, and
they will sometimes deliberately force
their way through screening. If they
are very abundant it is often advis-
able to paint the screens with kerosene
or oil of citronella. If compelled to
go about In regions infested with mos
quitoes, the use of wells and gloves
affords the only safety.
Every traveller in a mosquito malar-
ial country should provide himself
! WIN ped canopy, and should see
that 1t is always in perfect repair.
Often the carrying of a small pocket
seWing-kit is necessary for the pur-
pose. II you are going to camp in any
tropical or semitropical region, you
should provide yourself with a first
rate canopy. To be reliable, MOSQUITO
netting must have twenty /meshes to
the square inch. Fifteen-mesh net
ting will let some of them through.
No variety of mosquito can endure
smoke, and smudge often is the best
way to get rid of them, especially in
camp. The efficacy of a cigar or a
strong pipe along this line is we'll
known to every smoker. Many smok-
ers firmly believe that they are let
alone by insect pests, even when they
are not smoking, because of the nico-
tine in their bodies.
The best way to smoke mosouitoas
out OF a room is by burning Pyreth-
rum powders, known also as Dalmat-
ian insect powder, Persian insect
powder, buhach and perhaps other
names. These powders are the finely
ground flowers of two species of
plants, both belonging to the genius
Pyrethrum. The flowers contain a
volatile oil, which is the constituent
effective against insects, and the pow
der rapidly deteriorates with age and
exposure Also, some of these now
ders are made by grinding up the en-
tire plant, which weakens them. To
be effective, therefore, Pyrethrun1
powders should be both fresh and
pure.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1916-06-20
Preparedness Against Mosquitoes
By Frederic J. Haskin

TN almost all parts of the United
States the mosquito season is at
its height, and everywhere war
fare against the mosquito is, or ought
to be, going vigorously forward.
Within the last few years science has
elevated the mosquito from the posi-
ton of a trifiing pest to be lightly
brushed aside to that of mans most
dangerous insect enemy. The mos
quito is nuisance at best At worst
he is also a conveyer of malaria, yell
low fever, filariasis, and dengue fever.
II there are no mosquitoes where you
live, you will probably meet them on
your vacation. In any case you ought
to be prepared to defend yourself.
There are three ways of getting at
the MOSQUITO problem. One is to kill
the mosquito. Another is to scare
him away or fence him out. The most
effective is to prevent him from being
born.
However, if you go to the country
for your vacation, you will probably
find large number of vigorous, mil
dle-aged mosquitoes already on the
ground and thirsting for your blood,
so the preventive measures are out OF
the question. Also you can't kill mos
quitoes While you are asleep. About
the only thing that remains is to in
augurate a German poison gas cam
paign which will make the approach
to your position impregnab1e from a
mosquitoes standpoint.
1t is one of the mosquitoes great
weaknesses that he can not stand
strong odors. Spirits of camphor and
oil of pennyroyal are two substances
which will give you little or no incon-
venience, but will keep away mos
quitoes as long as they last. They are
not, however, very durable. few
drops of either on your pillow will
keep mosquitoes away for several
hours, but after that you will have to
wake up and sprinkle some more
about. A small bottle of either of
these substances is an excellent thing
to have with you whenever you go
into the enemy's country, however
Oil of peppermint, lemon juice and
vinegar all come under the ban of the
fastidious mosquito, and may be used
against him with some effect. Oil OF
citronella is probably more effective
than any of these, provided you can
stand it yourself. TO some persons
it is uncomfortable, but most of them
vastly prefer it to the mosquito. A
very effective antimosquito mixture
consists of an ounce of oil of citron-
ella, an ounce of spirits of camphor,
and half an ounce of oil of cedar
Sprinkle some of this mixture on a
towel and hang it over your face when
you go to bed, and the average house
mosquito will never dare to come near
you. If the insects are very numer-
Gus and persistent, rub a little on