Arizona republican., 1916-05-31

upon everybody being trained, upon everyone going to such camps, why the boys that do go to them will inevitably get the commissions if war comes.
 Give All Boys a Change
 In other words, as long as our peo- pie do not make the training universal. and do not make it paid for by the commonwealth, only the men of means will be trained as officers at these camps. At present this is the only way to provide that, in the event of war. we shall have officers worth having. But such a system is fundamentally 1 undemocratic. It is our own fault the | fault of our people, that we do not i establish the really democratic system. for the only way to establish the demo- cratic system is through universal | service. Napoleon drew his marshals from the humblest ranks simply be- | cause they were the best men for the i job; and in democratic army pro- motion should go by merit Here. at present, the son of the farmer and the son of the wage worker know that they have little chance to become of iicers in the event of war because they cannot afford the time and the money to get themselves trained in advance. ask the plain people of the United ! states. l ask the farmers, the wage workers, the ordinary men, to give their
 sons the same chance that the sons
 of wealthier men have. Make the op-
 portunity open to all; to your sons, to
 my sons; to all on an even basis A
 system of universal training for mi
 
 gist things ever done in this country
 to preserve our democratic institutions
 in spirit and in fact
 The other day when spoke on uni
 versal service in Detroit q woman in
 the gallery called out: q have two
 sons and they shall both go if the
 county needs them" l answered her.
 Madam, l take off my hat to you. That is the spirit this country needs
 and If all the mothers of the country
 will do as you do and raise their boys
 so that they shall be able and ready
 at need to fight for the country there
 will never be any need for any of
 them to fight for the country. No
 nation will ever attack unified and
 prepared America"
 Rose From the Ranks
 And to you men of the Grand Army
 and you, Confederate veterans, l need not say that this was in effect what ] was done in our Civil war Of course.
 the men who had been trained at
 West Point had an initial advantage;
 but every one went into the ranks on even terms and men from the ranks rose to the highest positions on their
 merits. Let me illustrate this by an
 incident out of my own experience. was cplonel of volunteer regiment at Santiago in the Spanish war l served under the then Brigadier General sam Young, and l served beside the then Brigadier- General Adna Chaffee. Lat CT, as president, it was my good for tune to give, first to Sam Young, and afterwards to Adna Chaffee. the ,ap- pointment of Lieutenant General of the United States, the highest office
 in the United States army. On the
 day that Sam Young retired. and that , Adna Chaffee was to jake his place and be presented as Lieutenant e General at the White House, it hap ! pened that Chaffees epaulettes had not come and sam Young sent him around his own epaulettes with a lt- tie note reading, These are pre- scented by Private Young, 6l. to Pri- vate Chaffee, '6l" The two fine old 2 boys had entered the army in the same year at the beginning of the
 Civil war as privates in the ranks
 and they had worked their way UT V by sheer force of courage and charac- ' ter, and perseverance and ability, un- . til they stood in succession in th' z highest position at the head of th' T army in which they had once served " as enlisted men That symbOlizcC what the American army should be :, and what we could make the Ameri - can army under a system of universa y service based on universal training U It is d system which will give ever. |, man an equal chance, which will mall :, it the duty of each man to learn hoy :, to serve his country, and which vii ,, secure to each man the right t serve that country in the capacity [ |, which his ability entities him. Sue
 an army would he q peoples army
 and it would never be used except i
 a peoples war.
 The Peace of Switzerland
 o Remember always that what l ask II, asked in the name of peace and i "a the name of democracy, no less tha .r in the name of national honor and in ,. terest. It is the men who do not be ,e lieve in peace-at-any price who ar Id most apt to secure the peace whic ot self respecting men and women ca rs accept. I ask that this nation pre- or pare, in the first place, because l. war should be thrust upon us, W m must be able to emerge victoriou ,e from the trial, and we cannot do s SC unless we are prepared; and in u ve second place l ask that we prepaI a. because it is the surest way to secul m peace. the surest way to keep W; do from our borders. Little Swtzerlar a is at peace at this moment hecau' I'd she prepared and only because sl he prepared. In the Napoleonic wa on Switzerland was overrun by Frenc he German and Russian armies; gre de battles were fought within her limi is and she became an appanage of tl es French Empire-and all this pure at and solely because at that time sl a had not prepared, she was not ah yh. to hold her own against invaders. ,ut century later a war even great g- bursts over Europe. Switzerland ,e- natural boundaries and defenses a k precisely what they were; the tempt ,p tion to use her territory is precise er- as great for the belligerents, b
 .l tl.