davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1916-11-24

Apparently the chief difficulty with
the Mexican Peace Commission is
that Senior Cabrera seems to have
an idea that he is a diplomat
The Washington herald., 1916-11-24

The government employees seeking
higher salaries might do we'll to en-
list the aid of the railroad brother
hoods.
The Washington herald., 1916-11-24

Well, there is one thing the Presi-
dent does not have to worry about
the high cost of Thanksgiving tur-
keys.
The Washington herald., 1916-11-24

1t is nearly time for the humorists
to begin predicting terrific attack
on Turkey next Thursday.
The Washington herald., 1916-11-24
Copyright, lglS.) J

One OF the necessary revisions of in
ternational law which must be taken up
by the court of nations after the war
ends is the obsolete, outgrown three
mile limit rule of inviolable neutrality
owing to the longer effective range OF
instruments of war, both on ships and
on shore, the three-mile limit does not
safeguard the neutral interest of a nom
belligerent. Neutrals have lost heay-
lily in the present war on account of
the inefectiveness Of the three-mile limit
in preventing interference with their
legal rights by belligerent naval vessels.
which have been able to maintain a
virtual blockade of ports without violat-
ing the letter of the law.-Oaklan6
Tribune.
The Washington herald., 1916-11-24
LINE o. CHEER
EACH DAY O. THE YEAR

First printing Of an original poem, written daily
for The Washington Herald.
By John Kendr1ek Bangs.
The Washington herald., 1916-11-24

The surrender of Congress to the
orotherhoods on the Adamson law to in
crease wages was fool move. 1t has
now evoked just as fool a move on tbe
part of those employers who have gone
into the new organization to watch"
proposed labor legislation. Such an or
ganization will inevitably be regarded as
the foe to all movements to better labor
conditions. 1t existence will be a chal-
enge to industrial warfare and as such
will hinder the working out of the
country's labor problems on the lines
Iaid down by Germany and Britain
Ihese Dig questions will never be settled
by force. The country,s future depends
on a reasonable co-operation for in
dustrial justice.-Kansas city Times.
The Washington herald., 1916-11-24

The American "'.'zer' never is hap
pier than when berutingah q American in
stitution. The case of a TX lunch is a
case in point. Every Am ian says the
quick lunch restaurant ri. : the health
Of patrons. Little is said about the late
breakfast which the city dwelling BUSH
ness man and the conmuter alike bolt
in three minutes while trying to read
the morning paper with one eve and the
clock with the other. The domestic late
breakfast isn't '--titutiaral like the
quick lunch. a intentfCaal. perhaps.
upon the par ai tse cook But there's
no custom, n inst ution, to berate. And
nobody's foo .usT1T enough TO criticize
the cook.-LouisYille Courie7- ournaI
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-07-06
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
!, BITS OF. FARM WISDOM.

To prevent your apples and grapes
from rotting spray them with bordeaux
mixture. " - -
Do not fail to set few rows of late
tomatoes. II gathered just before frost
and wrapped in paper the green fruit
will keep until Christmas OF later and
ripen well.
If caulifower is to thrive it must be
planted on moist, well drained, fertile
SOIL. III
In the case Of young fruit trees
planted about the home grounds, where
they cannot be cultivated, keep the soil
stirred about them with hoe or place
around them heavy mulch of straw
Or stable manure.
Hoe the weeds out of the corner of
the garden before they develop seed,
and you will lessen the number of
weeds that will come up next year.
Learn to know our ladybug friends
and give them a chance to multiply as
much as possible. There are number
of varieties of ladybugs, and all Of
them make war on other harmful bugs,
particularly plant lice of various kinds
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-07-06
est. Breed and individuality affect the
richness of the milk, but the color does
a. i,, a. 10

est. Breed and individuality affect the
richness of the milk, but the color does
not vary in direct relation thereto.
Feed also affects the color quite indie
pendent of the richness. During the
season Of green grass the milk and but
ter are yellower than at any other time
Of the year. Ask any cheesemaker
whether or not the yellow milk of this
season is the richest. He will say It
tests lower than during any other
month of the year and that it takes
more pounds Of milk to make pound
Of cheese. Here again the color test
fails completely.
But there is one test which many a
dairyman has sworn by with all conf
dence. He would set samples Of DIFF
ferent cows milk in shallow pans and
Judge by the thickness and toughness
Of the cream layers which rose in the
different vessels. remember hearing
a quaint old character, boast=of one COW
whose milk raisedssso tough q cream
that "a mouse could run over it and
wouldn't go down." Another said he
could skim the cream off a certain
cows milk and hang it upon a nail.
Such milk was believed to be wonder
fully rich in butter fat. It would sur
prise many Of these men to be told
at=theirs tests~have indicated the op-
posite Of what they Supposed
Given two samples of milk, one of
which raises an inch of cream in a
glass tube while the other raises three
fourths Of an inch, the latter is likely
to be the richer sample The deeper
layer of cream will probably be from
a COW whose milk has very large fat
globules which rise quickly, carrying
with them a considerable quantity. of
milk serum which adds to the bulk and
toughenss the consistency of the cream
The other cows milk has small fat
globules which find their way slowly
to the surface, carrying with them
lesser amount Of milk serum, reducing
both the quantity and consistency of
thezcream.
Toughness no more indicates richness
in cream thansit does<in pastry. The
less butter fat in the cream the tougher
it will be, as asgeneraIrule.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-07-06
+ @###+@@a@ts*s i, = i, 4,
FARM COST ACCOUNTS.

: The principles used to obtain
+ costs on the farm are really no !
: different than those used in the :
+ factory. The principal activity Of :
+ both farm and factory is to pro-
duce.
+ The elements entering into the :
: cost Of the finished product, be it
+ on the farm or in the factory, are !
the same-namely, labor, mate !
+ rial and expense.
{, The labor on the farm is !
!, classed as man labor, horse Ia
! Dor and machine labor.
+ 4 The material consists of such
!, items as seeds, fertilizers, etc.
: The expense items are taxes,
+ insurance, depreciation on build
+ ings, small sundry expenses, etc.
{, The total of the expense items
!, are proportionately charged to
+ the production departments of
+ the farm.-Hoard's Dairyman.,
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-07-06
SALTtNG@ THE BUTTER:
Amount Depends on Market and Meth
cd of Manufactures

Amount Depends on Market and Meth
cd Of Manufactures
The amount Of salt to add$to butter
varies, first, according to the market,
and, secondly, according to methods of
manufacturing. No butter should con-
tain over about per cent Of salt. This
is about the maximum that can be
properly zdissolved in butter.
Butter cannot contain, more than 16
perascents water. g. Inasmuch as water
is the only salt d1ssolving substance in
butter, it can readily be seen that the
amount of salt that will dissolve in
butter is limited. If we wanted butter
to contain 3 per cent of salt and all of
thes:salt added would be retained by
theas butter, then we add. about five
pounds of salt to each 100 pounds eof
butter, which would be about three
fourths Of an ounce to each pound Of
butter.
Ordinarily some Of the salt added.
to ybutter is lost. Usually the salt is
added to butter before the water is
alltworked out. Some of the salt will
butter In the form of brine. This is
especially true when the butter is made
in "a large factory on large scale.
When butter is made on the farm very
little Of the salt will be lost In this
manner. From 2,tO perseent of salt
wills suits most consumers, so in farm
buttermaking from aone-half to three
fourths Of an ouncezofs salt per pound
Of bntteris as nearly right as can be.
Be sure to work the butter until all
Of the salt is dissolved, and get the
salts ands brine aevenly distributed in
the,s butter. Gritty butter is unde-
sirable. Also be sure to use salt that
Is lhaky.a Salt that has stood In
damp place and become hard should
notsbe used. Such salt dissolves with
difRculty-Iowa Homestead.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-07-06
OLD AND new FARMING.

Organization of a National AgricuI-
tural Society Marks an Epoch.
Going to the city Of New York to Or
ganize a national agricultural society
and holding the meeting in a smart
hotel may strike surviving members
Of the old Society Of Changers with
surprise, but the farmer has been
such progressive in things pertaining
to his business that he has lost that
sense of exclusiveness. which once in
fuenced his thinking concerning great
centers Of population, says the st.
Louis Globe-Democrat. Still, in the
mass the farmer is not nearly as pro-
gressive as he can and will be made,
according to former Secretary Of Agri-
culture Wilson, who was elected as
first president of the National Agricul-
tural society. Mr.. Wilson knows about
all that can be known Of practical
farming under both old and new condi-
lions, and his address at the New York
meeting. shows him highly capable of
doing the thinking needed to fit the
majority Of farmers to present condi-
tons and prepare them for new cOndi-
lions of the future. Pointing out that
continuing improvement in environ
ment and living conditions of all class
es is necessitating larger incomes for
all those dependent upon returns for
labor, he insisted that the inevitable
increase in labor cost in all Industrial
lines must be met by greater efficiency
toward increasing the capacity of labor
for the production of larger product
and for the avoidance of waste both of
labor and material. By this means in
creased production can be made to
more than offset its increased cost.
agriculture" he said, 'is the greatest
productive industry, the fundamental
industry and practically the one upon
which all others are based. Great adj
vances have been made in this pri-
mary industry and in some sections
have been effective, but the great mass
of agricultural production is as yet un-
moved. The new generation in that
field wants to get the best and latest.
This society will seek to coordinate
all that is being done and bring it
closer to the individual farmer" When
this work is well done the problem of
how we are to stop the rush from farm
to city will have been solved, and that
solution will carry with it the solution
Of some economic and social problems
beginning to disturb city life.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-07-06
DAIRY ana
CREAMERY
RICHNESS OF MILK.

Color No Indication Of the Percentage
r.. of Cream II Contains.
A familiar sign on which Judgment is
based as to thesrichness of milk is Its
color, writes w. H. Underwood in the
Iowa Homestead. Because askimmilk
appears more white or blue than the
whole milk sfrom~ which it was sepa-s
rated thesconclusion is formed that the
degree of yellownessecdenotes the de-,
gree of richness. To learn the error Of
this conclusion all that is necessary, is
to test a dozen samples Of different
cows milk all Of the same herd. 1t
will be afounda that4some, of the most
whitish~ samples test, among the high
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-07-06

dropping and hoe covering are adopted.
"Bill picks'' or hand corn planters are
one of the implement types used where
labor is very cheap and the, crop is not
extensive. These implements are rare
ly seen in the corn belt, though they
are very handy; for replanting.-Farm
PrOgress.- ...-'-
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-07-06

The Pioneer Is the place to buy
your rolls of adding machine paper
forsiBurroughs adding machines. One
roll;i dozen rolls or q hundred rolls.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-07-06
The "Bi!l Pick,D

The implements used in putting
corn crop into the ground vary with
the locality and the amount Of labor
and it's cheapness. Where the crop or
the farm is very small hand planting
methods much like the old row by row
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-07-06
How TO ANSWER BLIND ADS.

All ads slGnOo With 1uubers, or
initials, care Pioneer must be an
swersd By letter addressed to the
number givsn> n the I'D. Pioneer en-
ployss are not permitted to tell who
any advertiser II. Mail or send your
answer to 4Pionser Mo-. or Initial
. and We forward It to the sad-
yortissr.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-07-06

8 The mild, yet satisfying Chester
field blenddis not the result of shappys-
chance: 1t is one Of the results Of.
our many years Of cigarette sexpeFiencea
of the heavy volun1esoff our purchases:
ofa,cigarette tobacco-of the prestige
and advantage these enormous pur-
chases"givetus in securing the choicest
leaf from the tobacco fields of theworld.
II Chesterhelds are an achievement.
e9l 49, -; 4 =. A Ne.u Thing e>.s4
IL 49, -. - for d Cigarette to Do
5CHESTERFIELDS do the one
sNAA thing.oyou have always wished
u cigarette vosald dor they, s0tiS1!
T. Smoke them and we believe you
will afffd that ordinary cigarettes seem
g by comparison almost flat.
Give Chesterfelds go for 10 cents)
a trial. We=believe~ you will be glad
F. to learn whatzthey can teach you about
" cigarette enjoyment. -
s. Youphave. been reading here some
rather unusual, almosto daring. state-
mentss about "a cigarettes If Chester
fields were an untried ici garette if we
hadAnot sbeenuobserving their behavior:
in other cities-if we did not KNOW
! that they noke good with smokers, We:
couldanoto afford to make these state
: mentss to youaover QUE signature.v
But these statements, strong, as they
are, can 1nean little or nothing to YOU
until you have actually smoked your
first Chesterfield.
You will find that your own dealer;
has. Chesterhelds waiting for YOU
.9lss,,3g.al7ztx A&s~jsssaeoee
Largest cigarette manufactures =
q the United States shown
by Internal Revenue reports
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-07-06

Pioneer advsrtissnsnts are re-
liabls. 8.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-07-06

ALMOST anybody can malkeaa 'cup>
N Of coffee. Butther are said to- +
4 * be not over a half dozennrest- i.
aurants. in the United States where
they know how to- make itsxight"
Similarly, almost@anyonet can makeD:
acigarette. Just rolloupe some tobacco
in piece Of pure paper ands5therean
you are. ~. H. >-..-
There are, perhaps; over 800 brands
ofIcigarettesa sold In this, country to-
day. But not one Of them doesewhata
Chesterfelds do-forsC hesterfe1ds are
MILD; and yet they SA1HS4esY:a
Some cigarettes may be mild, butt
they don't satisfy. Only one cigarette
does BOTH ChesterfeldI5
This truly, unique cigarette has'sal
off that refreshing tastetdelicacyfe (or',
mildness) which any good cigarette
mtlsts1have. Yet, wiithout sacrificing
anv of.thiis delightful @nnildness, Ckes-
terhelds go one step further theyado:
more than merely pleaseyour. taste.
they let yoN, kso1gz you e'sobeen
smokings They satistn II.
And yet they re mild!
.i 49, ~. -. ,--r 7..@s
EfZ.I -s=-#a-/ -.-.r - .@-
A1Step Forwards 2
IN Cigarette-b 1dfing
WE are proud to be the firm: that
wv has brought about this important
new development in cigarette. enjoy
nlent for that is exactly what the
Chesterfield blend IS.
This cigarette is an outgrowth Of
long. earnest effort onstheopart of this,
the largest cigarette manufacturing
concern IN the United States
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1916-07-06

Wherever large quantities of milk
containing a fair percentage of but
ter fat suits the. market the ~Hol-
stein cow sreigns supreme. Her milk
may not yield butter fat In so high
percentage as that of some other
breeds, but In total she Is up at the
head. The bull here shown Is a
pure bred Holstein.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1916-06-15
LuLL IN THE FIGHTING
at Verdon desist Through
Sheer Exhaustion

Paris, June l5-The fighting around
yerdun has once more died down from
sheer exhaustion of combatants.
An entire division, half OF whom
were Bavarians and half Pomeranians,
was used up by the Germans in II
separate attempts Monday to storm
the French positions north OF Thlau-
mont. From this position the French
fianking fire prevents the enemy from
advancing on Vaux plateau. No re-
suits having been attained by night
fall fresh troops were brought up and
an attempt made to turn the posi-
ton from the southwest. After deS'
perate struggle a footing was OBJ
tanned in some of the trenches on Hill
321, half mile west~of Thiaumont
and miles east of Bras.
No effort was made to increase this
advantage Tuesday, owing probably
to the losses on Monday, which ac-
cording to prisoners. were exception
nlly heavy. A man belonging to the
Sixteenth Bavarian infantry, stated
that his regiment had been held IN
reserve for big offensive against the
last forts of Verdun, but that it had
been thrown in to support the troops
attacking Thiaumont, and had lost
nearly a third of its effectives.
A violent artillery engagement took
slace Tuesday night in the vicinity OF
Vaux on the Verdun front. There
were no infantry actions before Yer
dun.
Berlin, June 15-The army head
quarters communication Of yesterday
says:
"On the heights southeast of Belle
beck a portion of our new positions
.>as lost during Tuesdays fighting.
On the right bank of the Meuse (Ver-
dun 'front.' positions of the enemy
west and south of Thiaumont farm
were captured during the battles Of
June 12 and l3. During these opera
tions we captured 793 Frenchmen, in
cluding q officers and Is machine
guns.
German patrols conducted effec'
tive operations near Maricourt Som
me and in the Argonne.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1916-06-15
TUCKER WANTS HIS FEE BACK
Put Up Cash and Then Declined to
Oppose Senator Swanson

Harry St. George Tucker, of Lex
ington, while posing in connection
with the nomination for United
States senator from Virginia, paid
to Auditor C. Lee Moore $3.50 for
the fee for that primary. Payment
was made on June l. After mature
deliberation Mr.. Tucker failed to
file his formal notice of candidacy
for the race, but the money was in
bank to the credit of Auditor Moore.
Now, Mr.. Tucker would not object
to having the $3.50 returned to him.
How that can be done no one yet
knows. There is no provision of law
for returning a fee once it is paid.
That there may be ruling in the
matter, Attorney General Pollard
has been asked for opinion. That
it is unfair to expect that man who
is not really candidate shall pay
for the fight to be made by others
is admitted, except that the law, when
the fee has been paid, is silent as to
the return of such payment. Of
course, if the candidate has no op-
position, the fee is returned by law,
but in this case Mr.. Tucker paid the
fee with the view to opposing Sena-
tor Swanson.
Several years ago, when the fees
from candidates had reached snug
sum- the legislature directed a pro-
rata return to the men who had con-
tributed to the fund, out the amount
received by each was small.
Attorney General Pollard said yes
terdav that he had found no auth
ority in law whereby the fees paid
bv candidates for office could be re-
turned by the auditor of public ac-
counts.
He has declined to render the op-
inion on the subject asked by Aud
itor Moore; Several candidates who
have paid the fees and who have no
opposition have asked that he with
hold the same till. such time as they
can prepare and present brief as
signing their reasons for making the
renuest for the return. Mr.. Pollard
has agreed to do this, and will rem
der his opinion after he has read and
| considered the brief
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1916-06-15

WICKERSHAM'S PART
Former Attorney General in Free
quent Conferences With Jurist
Breeds Certain Rumors

New York, June 15-The first
thing Charles E. Hughes will do at
ter he is formally notified of his no.
mination by the notification commit
tee of the Republican national con-
vention will be to deny the insinua-
ton that he is the candidate of the
German-Americans.
He will do this with a declaration
that he is an American candidate
neither pro-German nor pro-ally, and
that for any one to circulate the i'm
preston that he is anything but an
American candidate is not only doing
him a grave injustice, but is unpat-
riotic.
This information was obtained at
the Hughes headquarters, in the
Hotel iAstor. Hughes himself grimly
refused to comment on the various
statements in some newspapers at
tacking him for being the favored
candidate of the hyphenates.
Continuation of the work of con-
ferring constantly with persons who
want to do things for him and the
harder work of talking to persons
who want him to do things for them,
marked the start of the day of the
Republican Presidential candidate.
George w. Wickersham former At
torney General, is in frequent con-
ference with the nominee. Wicker
sham probably will be one of the
Hughes close advisers and expects to
be in constant touch with the former
jurist from now on throughout the
campaign. 1t was denied at headquar-
ters, following an exceptional long
conference yesterday, that Wicker
sham might be chosen chairman.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1916-06-15
EVERYTHING CAME HIS WAY.
Court Hears How Wife Ir0ned
SprOuce's Breeches While He
Was in EN-.

Pittsburgh, June 15.-"My wife
handled me like a child handles q
rag DOLL" said Walter E. Miller,
ninety-pound husband, who sued Min
ME C. Miller, his 160-pound wife.
for divorce, in court.
"She has devlish temper and a
strong arm," continued Miller.
"Three days after we were married
she jumped on me as slept, landing
both knees in the pit of my stomach.
was weeks recovering.
"Anything not riveted to the floor
or ceiling sooner or later collided
with my body or head. Knives. chairs
vases, meat cleavers, dishes, all came
my way. My wife's favorite diver
sion was to stand at the head Of the
stairs and hurl chairs down at me.
"On another occasion she held me
over her lap and applied hot iron
to the seat of my trousers. was
a long time recovering" Miller testl-
fed meekly. He was granted decree.