davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

NSPSHehI DiV' Ug lhe meIiure NeNsfaler
The government won its suit against the Stand,
ard Oil and the Tobacco Trusts. The Supreme
Court condemned both of them in unmeasured
terms being combinations in violation of the
Sherman law. 1t ordered each of them 10 cisoand
SO that normal competition might be restored. The
Supreme Court intended the dissolution of these
trusts to result in restoring conditions in which
independent dealers by the exercise of energy and
ability, could hope to succeed even with moder-
ate capital. The court must have had in mind the
condition which President Cleveland expressed in a
message to Congress in 1896, when he said:
| refer to the existence of trusts and other
huge aggregatons of capital the object of which is
to secure the monopoly Of some particular branch
OF trade and to stifle wholesome competition
Their tendency is to crush out individual intelli-
gence and to hinder prevent the full of
human faculties and the full development of human
character.
The intention of the Supreme Court to restore
normal conditions by the dissolution of these two
trusts was, however, defeated. The administration
then in power permitted both of them to dissolve
in most peculiar way. The Standard Oil Trust
was allowed to separate itself into thirty-six diff
ferent companies. The capital stock OF these COM
panies allowed to remain in the hands of the
same stockholders who had formerly owned the
stock of the trust itself Moreover these thirty
six companies were each of enormous size The
result was that normal conditions were by no
means restored.
The same thing happened in the dissolution of
the Tobacco Trust. There, too the administra-
ton permitted the trust to be separated into four
major companies and fourteen minor companies,
each Of them of huge size, and, moreover, permit
ted the capital stock of all of these companies to
remain in the hands of the same stockno osders who
formerly owned the stock of the trust itself Again
the result that normal conditions were by no
means restored. In many branches of the tobacco
industry independent competition is impossible be-
of the huge financial size Of the disintegratcd
trust companies. They are so strong that COM
petitors with moderate capital cannot compete with
them.
The result of these farcical dissolutions was
that a storm of protest throughout the
country.
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

| feeling and hll all sections alike with ths
old temper Of patriotism. the South will
the rest.
1t was the sound of war and the cal
for men that changed the very stnos.
phere, north and south alike, and set al
thoughts In a new channel
Richmond was made the capital Of the
Confederscy, instead OF Montgomery. as
IL to put the officers OF Its government
at the front, the northern and southern
! capitals face TO face.
Mr.. Davis called for volunteers in the
South, as Mr., Lincoln did In the North
and the call was responded TO eagerly
and at once. in the one section as in the
other.
Even then men were slow to realize
the awful business in hand; expected tho
fighting to be brief, accommodation OF
surrender to come at onca
In the South men 6ocked TO the rally.
Ing places and set out with their regi-
| ments in blithe spirits, as II for a holi.
day excursion, not knowing the grip ot
fate that had closed upon them. But n
little while. and these hallucinations had
pa ssed away.
The war which cnsued disclosed It's
real nature soon enough.
For a year II fingered and was desul.
tory, without plan, speed, or vieor. as II
both sides waited. as indeed they did
to muster their resources, contrive q
proper organization for the struggle, snd
discover each beyond a presdventure the
temper and purpose Of the other But
after that there was neither doubt nor
pause in the desperate business, and all
the world saw how the flames OF civil
war had enveloped a whole continent.
1t was a noteworthy thing how prompt
and decisive the grapple OF the sections
WAS, for all there had been at first long
months OF doubt and hope. OF confused
preparation and all the SLOW processes by
which conservative men adjust them
selves to the exigencies of q revolution
sry crisis
In the South there was a government
to make, as well as an army; in the
North a government TO remake. a civil
service to reconstitute.
A year was needed to supply admins
trative means and make men and meth.
DDS ready, on the one side as on the
other.
But a year suTiced.
Menaay; A War of Conquest
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12
An Example of Unfairness.

In its zeal to be first in defense of the Presi-
dent, even in advance of any criticism of his
course which preceded the break in his Cabinet,
the New York World is unfair to Mr. Garrison.
As matter Of fact there is neither reason nor
excuse for an attempt to find fault with either
side; and when the World says that Mr. Garri-
son abruptly deserts the administration and
leaves the country in the lurch," it gives signs
that the pain caused by blow at the Democratic
party has for the time benumbed its sense of ius-
tice 1t has been made clear to every one who
can read and understand that Mr. Garrison re-
signed the office OF Secretary of War because he
was not permitted to be the Presidents actual
representative in that office and his own self
respect would not permit him to remain as the
Presidents seeming representative"
Both striving to prepare the nation to de.
fend itself, the President gave his approval to
the plans OF his Secretary of War, and when
those plans encountered opposition in Congress
he believed it possible to achieve the desired end
by compromise. When Mr. Garrison announced
il as his firm belief that compromise meant utter
failure he did succeed in convincing the Presi-
dent who, in steadfastly following the course
mapped out for himself, deserted his Secretary
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

The time came when, early In April
1861, word was sent from Washington 10
the governor of South Carolina that Fort
Sumter would be reinforced and provis'
iened against seizure. The message wal
sent on April 8.
On the 18th fire WAS opened upon the
fort: on the l4th, ere reinforcement'
could reach them. Its little garrison sur
rendered.
ON the 18th Mr. Lincoln called. by proc.
lamation, for seventy-five thousand vol
unteers.
upen that signal, four more southern
states seceded: Arkansas on the 6th OF
May. North Carolina on the 10Th, Vr'
ginia on the I'D. and Tennessee on the
sth OF June.
Issue was made up, and all men knew
what 1t meant-not compromise. but war.
The southern leaders had not at hrst
expected this. They had thought 10
bring on a constitutional crisis, but not q
civil war.
They had meant at any hazard TO make
good their rights under the federal ar.
rangement, and had deliberately resorted
to secession because they thought that
better terms could be made out OF the
Union than In Il: but they had expected
their opponents at the North TO come TO
terms.
Their people had followed and upheld
them upon that expectation, and would
not willingly have followed them on any
other, But when the sound OF the guns
at Sumter WAS heard It became at once
another matter.
Tho thrill OF new purpose and passion
shot through the country. north and
south.
1t was with the one side as with the
other. The southern people would not
at the first choice have deliberately set
themselves with open eyes to bring a
war of revolution on: the people of the
North, as conservative Of law and of
right as the men OF the South. drew
back, at the first shock and surprise of
secession. from coercion or violence.
questioned anXiously what they should
do. and hesitated as their government
did.
Mr., Seward. OF the Presidents own
household. made the amazing suggestion
that the slavery question be ignored and
the country drawn together TO support
some aggressive stroke of foreign pol
Icy. which should rekindle the national
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12
Why Not Pay the Army?

One reason Why the protagonists Of bigger ar
maments have lost faith in the voluntary system
is that it is extremely difficult to keep even our
present meager army and navy up to their full
complement. Our recruiting methods are ener-
getc and alluring, yet fail to enlist. We
could expand regular army to 100000 men by
law, but where would the men come from?
One possibility is never permitted considera-
ton: raise the pay. If can't get steel for our
ships for twenty-five dollars, offer thirty or
thirty whatever must If we can't get
enough ordinary seamen to enlist at sixteen dol
lars month go shorthanded. We accept the
principle of paying for property for military use
whatever is necessary to compete with industrial
cmployments, but reject the principle of paying
for labor at rates to compete with industry Prop
erty is expected to except for adequate
pay; labor is expected to serve us partly for pay
and partly out of patriotism. Put labor on the
basis property, and we shall not have Sc
rious trouble in recruiting. The financial burden
will be greater, to be That is the real diff
Guilty with the volunteer system in time OF peace
The Now Repmhlic
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

of War and forbade him TO speak for the ad-
ministration Mr. Garrison had his choice OF ae-
ceptng program which he was convinced meant
national disaster or resgning from the Cabinet.
He did not leave the Country in the lurch" by
Withdrawing his opposition to the President upon
vital issue
Throughout his occupancy of the White
House the President has pressed his policies and
impressed his views Congress. For reasons
satisfactory to himself and which are clearly set
forth in the correspondence made public on
Thursday, he did not persist in urging upon Con.
gress Mr. Garrsons defense program, which lie
had indorsed, but undertook to reach the desired
goal in another way, with the House Committee
on Military Affairs and without his Secretary of
war. Plainly it is a case of two disagrceihg
hopelessly and being big enough to tell each
other so, rather than keep up pretensc of har-
monious Cooperation that could bring no good
to the country
Mr.. Garrison did not abruptly desert the admin
istration nor did he leave the country in the
lurch' He left because, after full discussion with
the President, they both realized and admitted
that he was of no further to the administra-
ton or the country in the office of Secretary Of
War
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12
What A President Can Do.

81 thank God" says the President, that there
is no man in the United States who has the au-
nation" "The authority" yes; but the power-a
President of the United States can, as practical
matter, plunge the country into war about as he
pleases. President Wilson himself nearly did it al
Vera Cruz. Mexico's inability to fight was all that
kept him from getting into war by histawn
act exclusively. Only Congress can declare Wa .
But President or his Secretary of State can bring
but to declare war.-Nebraska State Journal
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12
THE SURE SUN.

When days arc dark do not chide the sun
With cavilings and carpings without end;
But blame the clouds | should blame the one
Who tries to come between me and my friend.
] know the sun is there, and shines as true
As if no mists had risen to obscure,
And soon or late will burst upon my view
Sure as the love of my true friend is sure.
Copyright. nlsJ
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

Since it is incredible that Col Roosevelt is
tired Of talking, it must be that he is developing
the commercial instinct Upon setting sail for
the West Indies yesterday all requests that he
comment on various events OF the day, includ-
ing the resignation of Lindley NJ. Garrison, were
answered with the advice that those anxious for
his opinion should buy his book and read what
he had to say in it.
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

sisted by the members OF the executive
committee The guest Of honor was
Mime. Margaret Chapman. who gave a
recital during the afternoon. MR..
William Coz Redheid and Mrs william
X smith. OF Texas. presided st the tea
table. and others who assisted were
Mrs. Frederick c. Hines. Mrs Dudley
y Hughes, Mrs. James W. Husted.
Mrs Ebenezer Hill Mrs James Nc
Dermott, Mrs Carl Mspes Mrs. S. II.
Miller. Mrs. A. J, Montague. Mrs Mar
tin !. Morrison, Mira. }. N. Nelson. Mr..
John L. Nolan. Mrs. samuel ]. Nichols.
Mrs. p. Davis Oakley. Mrs. A. J. Peters.
Of hsssachusettS: Mrs. ]. A. Peters. Of
Maine: Mrs. A. NJ. Peterson. Of Call
fornis: Mrs. John B. Peterson. Of In
diana: Mrs Michael s Phelsn. Mrs.
Henry Kirke Porter. Mrs. C. W. Ram
seyer. Mrs. c. Il Randall. Mrs. c. p.
Resvis, and Miss Mary Norton.
Mrs. Hal II. Smith entertained at
bridge party yesterday afternoon in com
pliment to Mrs William Mcdonald. Of
Chicaso. formerly Of this city. Bridge
WAS followed by tea when Mr. smith
was assisted by Mrs. Ollie Gore. Nrs
Jerry Mathews, Mrs. Gilmore Ioen. Ms
Norman Jenner. Ars William Franklin.
and Mrs. Louis Gsrthe.
Mrs. II. y. e. Bryant was hoste-~ a,
a buffet luncheon yesterday given ir
honor Of Mrs Elbridse J. Moore, OF
New York
Pink carnations and pink and white
spring flowers formed the decorH ton.
and the guests included Mn, Foster. OF
New York: Mrs. Thomas J. Walsh. Mrs.
Henry L. Myers, Mrs. Oscsr W. Under
wood. Mrs. William A CuIlop. Mrs. }.
J. Russell Mrs. Y. s. Gambler. Mrs. VI. A.
nsrnhart. Mrs. J. Z. Bynes. Mrs p. J.
Garrett Mrs. W. A Rodenbers. Mr..
Dorsey w. Shsckelford. Mrs. J. n.
Adsir Mrs. South Trimble. Mrs. Geors.
W Gordon. Mrs. slemp. Mrs GeorF-
W. Wales Mrs J. H. Patten. Mrs. C. A
johnson. Mrs Edward r. CLARK, Mrs.
Marion Butler. Mrs. r. a. Allan. Mrs
Jerry South. Mrs. Lenore Sherwood. Mr.
W. r. Topping. Mrs. II. l.. Dunlop. Mr..
Robert W. Wooley. Mrs. Charles 6. Ed-
wards. Mrs. John Sterling. and Miss
Weaver
Capt. and Nrs. T A BALDWIN enter
tsined sixteen guests al dinner last oven
ing in honor OF their house guests. Nj
and Mrs. Walter Filler. OF San Francisco
Later the guests attended the Friday
evening dancing club al the Willard.
Miss Dorothy V. o.Kccfe. sister Of
Chaplain Timothy =. . heeie, I. ; \,
was the hostess at the informal tes-
dance IN the administration building -
Fort Myer yesterday afternoon. Assist
ing her were Mrs. William Thomson,
Miss Blanchard Scott. Miss Sharp. Mrs
Martha Griffin Miss Ruth Pullman. Miss
Dorothy Simpson and Miss Harvey
Smith.
Mrs. Charles Wood entertained infor-
maIly at luncheon yesterday at her resi-
denCe in s street
Mrs Arthur Macarthur. jr-. gave
dinner OF ten covers last evening IN
honor Of Rear Admiral and Mrs. VII
lard r. BroWnson.
Mrs. J. W BunIsIey will be at hom'
TO-DAY at the BalfoUr.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charlton YsrnslL NJ
and Mrs Henry c. Boyer and hr. sno
Mrs Henry TstnEl. all OF Philadelphia.
arrived at Washington last evening In
Mr. TatnsITs private car. snd are stop
CONTINUED on PAGE NINE.
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

The holding the office of German
consul at New Orleans admits writing to Capt
Won Papen: THAT the demand for the recall has
been so sudden and belated throws an interest
ing light upon the government here May there
also the day of reckoning come, and our govern
ment find again that iron determination with which
alone one make impression here" II will,
occur to most Americans that the demand for this
eonsul's recall is also very much belated
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

Discussing the membership of the proposed
tariff board President Wilson remarked 81 know
impartial men on almost all subjects but on this
subject l know of but impartial man, and l
shall have to institute a very elaborate search
for the remainder of them" Evidently the Pres
ident number among his acquaintance
some man who has never heard of the tariff.
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

Prof. Garner the naturalist is going to live
in a steel cage in Africa to continue his study of
the language of the gorilla and chimpanzee The
professor is taking long chances. There is no
telling what might happen if he should arouse the
interest of the jungle naturalists in his own lam
guage and habits. He will be only one among
many
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12
Russia's Problem.

sian government has to dispose of some 100000
900 gallons OF that powerful liquor in storage
Use of it as motor car fuel has been proposed but
it is strong enough to wreck any machinery but
that of mujik The greatest benefactor Russia
could have is chemist who could restore to the
stuff the useful qualities gave it in its orig
inal form of potatoes or rye.-New York Sun.
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

Mr.. Garrison has LETT the Cabinet but int-
mates that he may "do something" in support of
his continental army plan of preparedness, while
Mr.. Bryan, who also left the Cabinet, is doing all
he can to defeat preparedness in any form. 1t is
becoming little difficult to determine who's who
and what's what in the Democratic party.
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

In some quarters it is agreed that the Presi-
dents break with his Secretary OF War will
strengthen him with Congress, while some of the
leaders insist that Mr.. Garrsons resignation will
make no difference to the defense program. Evil
IDENTIFY there is a large supply OF the highest
quality OF optimism still on tap.
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

In the midst Of all the excitement over the
question as to what Frank H. Hitchcock is going
to do with the Southern delegates to the Repub-
lican National Committee nobody seems to have
stopped to inquire whether he has got them.
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

The National Association of Merchant Tai
lors has approved specifications for the ideal
American man. As yet however, proof has not
been furnished that there were nine on the COM
mittcc that prepared them.
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

Some s2o,oooooo have been asked, BY no less
authority than Gen. Goethals himself, for com
pletion Of the Panama Canal This does not in
eude 100000 for further defenses The REQUESTS
come at a time when the Colombian treaty. in
volving fifteen to twenty millions more, is under
consideration, and indicate just how big lob the
canal still IS Not to mention slidea-Philsdelphia
Evening Ledger.
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

Since his arrival in New York Mr.. Garrison
has been besicgcd by intervcwers demanding to
know his reasons Tor resgning from the Cab-
net. They would be ideal members OF jury to
try a woman for killing
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

The President and Mrs. Wilson were
the guests Of the Postmaster General and
Mrs. Burleson al dinner last evening. In
'ited TO meet the honor guests were Mr..
and Mrs. William Marbury. Of Baltimore:
Mr.. and Mrs. George Y. Hamilton. Judge
and Mrs. John Barton Payne. Or. sterI-
Ing Rufian. Mr.. John b. Henderson and
the Misses Lucy and Sidney Burieson.
The Spanish Ambassador and Mime.
Riano entertained a. a dinner Of thirty
two covers last evening in honor OF the
Vice President and Mrs. Marshall.
The Secretary OF State and Mrs. Lans-
ing were hosts at dinner last evening.
having along their guests the German
Ambassador, the Minister Of Norway and
Mime. Bryn, the Minister OF the Neither
1ands, the Secretary OF the Navy and
Mrs Daniels. the Charge d'Ansire, OF
Argentina and Mime. Quintans. the
Charge d'Affsires Of Austria. the Ameri-
can Minister TO the Netherlands, Dr.
Henry Van Dyke: Mr.. and Mrs. Paul
Narburg. the Assistant Secretary OF
Agriculture and Mrs VroomAn. Gov and
Mrs. Joseph W. Folk. Miss Wilson: Mr
and Mrs. William Miller Collier. OF Al
bany: Mmn. Christian Hsuge, Miss Lans-
ing. and Mr. Chsrlemagne Tower. OF
Philadelphia.
The japanese Ambs sssdor and the Wis
countess Chinda entertained at a bril-
liant dinner last evening when their
guests included the French Ambassador
and Mime. Jussersnd. the British Ambss.
sador and Lady Spring Rice. the Belgian
Minister and Mime. Havenith. Mr. and
Mrs. Wellington. Col. and Mrs. VIgnsl
Lieut.. Col and Mrs. O'Brien: Mr. Uchida
formerly civil administrator OF Formoss
who is spending q few days in Washing
ton; Mr.. Naksmura. consul general in
New York: Capt Ysmsmouchi. Col and
Mrs. Itamy. the Counselor Of the Jap
anese Embassy and Nine. MiuTs. Mr.
YOsuke MstsoUrs and Nine. Mstsouks
and Mr.. Tsmekichi Ohta and Nine.
Ohts.
Mrs. Glasgow. wife of Mai. William
J. Glasgow. L. s. A, was hostess at a
valentine luncheon yesterday in honor
Of the graduating class OF the George
town Convent Mrs. Glasgow was as
sisted In entertaining the guests by
Mrs. Philip II. sheridan. Mrs. Richa I'd
Sheridan. Mrs. Philip l.. Thurber. and
Mrs. Harry Bull. The guests wer.
Miss Mary S. Winter. Miss Ellen Cor
don, Miss Rsnsome O'Bern. Miss Flea
nor Collins. Miss Valerie Lorig Mrs
Theodota Fordney, Miss Katherine
Holden. Miss Mary Donahue, Miss
Alice Lafrey, Miss Mary Golden. Miss
olive Kline. Miss Agnes O'Bryan. Miss
Mary Kane, Miss Frances Viers. Miss
Constance McConvflle. and Miss Anna
May McEniry.
Mrs. Adelaide Worth BaGley enter
tained twelve guests informally at
bridge yesterday afternoon.
Mrs. Ten EyCk Wendell was hostess
at a luncheon Of sixteen covers yes
terday afternoon in honor OF Miss Au-
gusts Borlsnd Green. of New York
who will be her house guest until Tues
day.
Mrs Wendell will be at home today
for the last time this season. Sh.
will be assisted by Mrs. Herbert Thorn
King. OF Pau. France: Miss Rosalie
Spang. OF Nice, France; Miss Peters, of
New York, and Mrs. Z. Rush Wendell
Mrs. Atlee Pomerene, president Of the
Congressional Club, received yesterday
afternoon at the clubs weekly tea, as
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

California wine producers in Washington
advocating action by Congress to reduce the tax
on brandy used in fortifying wine. 1t would seem
that the matter might have been left to Senator
Works
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

The explicit nature of the correspondence be-
tween President Wilson and Mr.. Garrison sug-
gests that month ago they were preparing
briefs for submission to the court of the people.
The Washington herald., 1916-02-12

We are waiting for to remark that
the paciists will find the attack easier now that
there is no Garrison to oppose them.