davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06
News Of Union.

Special to Times Republican.
Union. Jan. S.-Union has another
candidate for the postoffice. H. l.
Cartwright is now canvassing the
patrons OF the office with a petition
similar to Mr.. .Lepleys. Nr. Cart
wright is one Of the leading democrats
here, owner of the local telephone
switchboard and road supervisor OK
this township.
Frank Nirth went to Manchester
Monday to visit his brother, B. B.
Wirth.
Miss Edna Benson returned Tuesday
TO Freeport. ILL.,, TO resume her duties
as teacher in the high school.
Mr.. and Mrs. r. l. Anderson and
daughter Berncie returned from their
holiday visit with Mrs. Anderson's
parents. Nr and Mrs. L s. Harris, at
Forest City.
Mr.. and Mrs. II. A. Rogers and
daughters, Of Grinnell. returned home
Monday after spending the holidays in
and around Union.
Mrs. C.. o. Lawrence returned yes
terday from visit with her father
and sister In F'arnhamville.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06
IOWA HAS SMALL CHANCE or
CHECKING INCREASE IN PAS
SENGER RATES.
ORDER FROM INTERSTATE
COMMISSION WILL STAND
Attorneys Take View That State
Courts Can Not Interfere With Conn
to Be Taken by Iowa Commission
Unless Something Develops.

Des Moines, Jan. 6.-While the
state department OF justice has not
reached 81 definite conclusion, the at
tocneys have begun to lose hope hat
+ the state of Iowa VIII be able - PEE
vent the railroads putting the "a cents
per mile interstate passenger rate in
Ia effect III this territory. The roads
have not Yet announced when The tar
IFS providing for the increased rates
viii pe ready for fling.
The interstate commerce commits
sion authorized the railroads to in
crease the interstate passenger fare
from cents - "a cents per mile.
Clifford Thorne. chairman OF the Iowa
railroad commission called 4 confer
enCe a. Omaha a few weeks go of the
attorneys general ard railroad COM
nissioners of Minnesota. Iowa, Ne
braSka. Kansas, North Dakota and
South Dakota and Oklahoma
He urged that the states file action
in the federal courts asking for an in
junction TO prevent the roads from
raising the passenger fares.
The Iowa department OF justice has
been making q careful investigation,
and is inclined 20 believe that there
is no ground on which the state OF
Iowa can start action against the rail-
roads TO eniOin the rates. The attOr-
neys say that the law gives the inter-
state commerce commission power to
make passenger ard freight rates and
does not provide for an appeal to the
courts from ne decision of the COM
Mission
It IS pointed out that a railroad can
so into the federal court 10 ask for an
injunction 10 prevent 4 rate from 60
lns into effect. on the ground that the
rate is confscarorv an3. therefore.
contrary ~ the constitution.
The attorneys. however. say that the
state can not 60 into he federal court
TO ask for an injunction against a rate.
after the interstate commerce COM
mission. having absolute power. mas
fixed the schedule. The state can not
claim c0ndscarior, they say
The department o: justice has not
yet given up the search for points
which might sustain the action pro-
posed by the railroad commission. but
so far the attorneys have met with
no success
Unless something develops. there viii
be no action by the state. 1t was re-
ported at the state house Outside at
torneys who have looked into the mat
ter are reporting that they found
nothing in the law which would sus-
tain the proposed action.
The increased interstate passenger
rates Mill add a burden OF $4,000 600
annually to the travelling public 81
Iowa
After the railroad put the "a cents
rate into effect they are expected 10
ask the interstate commerce commits
sion 10 increase the intrastate rassen-
ger fares 10 co--ezro nd witt the in
te-stats rates This would add anoth-
~ $1,000 900 burden TO the travellers Of
Iowa.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06
BREAK UP BRONCHIAL COUGHS,
GROUP AND COLDS PROMPTLY
MAKE The sEsT REMEDY Al AoME--,2s rEAsPoo

is not found the best remedy ever used
In Severe Coughs. Colds. whooping
Cough or Group. and Il viii also be
found excellent for Bronohtal Asthma
and BronchitiA Besides these druggists
guaranteeing ''that II will be the best
remedy ever used" 1t will likewise be
found the most economical, because one
bottle GO cents' WORTHY makes q nun
pint (12S teaspoonsfuD OF the most ex.
cellent medicine for any OF the above
affections, when mixed AZ home with
one pint Of graduated sugar and one
half pint Of water. Il makes al much
or more, than would cost you $500 to
$500 Of almost any Of the ordinary
ready-made kinds, sold In bottles hold
ing only "a to 80 teaspoonsful. You
will be the sole Judge yourself ana
under the same positively Money
Back" guarantee which the druggists
make for the famous Asthmador. Alb
solutely no risk Is run In buying thiA
remdy.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06
CLUB TO SELL STOCK.
Iowa City Boosters Undertake TO Dis
pose of interurhan Shares.

Special 90 Times Republican.
Iowa City, Jan. 6.--Iowa City people
have purchased $4,000 of the pre-
ferred stock 'of the Muscatine-Iowa
City Interurhan Railway Company.
Another $4,000 worth is pledged. This
leaves $4,000 of the local apportion-
ment unsold. The Iowa City CONNER
cial Club. after its conference with the
president and general manager of the
line, has decided. thru Its board OF di-
re"tors. to set committees TO work,
selling The remainder Of Iowa Cify's
$50 600 apportionment. The companys
officials reported that Muscatine had
taken NJ its entire allotment, also $780,
600 worth.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06
CLARKE TO DEDICATE SCHOOL.
Governor to Speak at Opening Of New
Building at Hansell.

Special to TimeS-Repuoncan.
Hanseil. Jan. S.-School officials OF
the Hansell consolidated district have
waited long for the opening exercises
of the new school house, but II is not
because of any fault of theirs. but
more because of inability to get speak
ers for the occasion such as they de-
sired But they are fortunate now II
having secured for the occasion Gov
ernor George w. Clarke and Albert NJ.
Deyoe, state superintendent of public
instruction. for the headiiners on the
program.
The date is Wednesday. Jan. II. and
the presence Of these notables is sure
to attract a great many residents OF
the district Local. speakers will ais"
have a part on the program.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06
FIRE DESTROYS ICE HOUSE.
Property Of Home Ice Company, OF
Hampton, Is Total Loss.

Special TO Times Republican.
Hampton. Jan. e.-An ice house be-
longing 10 the Home Ice Company and
located near Beds Lake, two miles
north OF this city. was totally destroyed
by fire at an early hour Wednesday
morning and a quantity of ice put up a
year ago, is also lost. The building
was less than a year old and was in
size S0N60 and twenty feet high. There
was no insurance, The company will
probably erect building here to re-
place il. Water in the lake is now so
low that the crystal cakes Will be
shipped in from Steamboat Rock.
Cause Of the fire is unknown.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06
Our Ji.ney Offe~This and Sc

DON'T MISS THIS Cut our this slip
enSIos. with SC and mail it TO Foley &
Co. Chicago Ill, writing your name
and address clearly. Yoa will receive
in return a trial package containing
EnI-y's Honey and Tar Compound. for
coughs. colds and Group: Foley Kidney
Pills. for pain in sides and back. rheu-
rratisyn backeche. kidney and bladder
ailments; and Foley Csthartic Tablets.
a wholesome and thoroughly cleansing
cathartic. for constipation, biliousness.
headache and sluggish bowels Nc
Erite 4 wild Drug Co.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06
SEVEN COUNTIES COOPERATE.
S = periniendents Of Schools Arrange
Schedule For Institutes.

Special 70 Times Republican
Mason City. Jan County super
irten6ents Of seven northern Iowa
counties. Worth. Mitchell. Floyd. Cerro
Go-dO. Hancock. Franklin. Wright.
met here yesterday % arrange q sche-
dule for the 1915 teachers Institutes,
In order 70 make their institute funds
go as fa- az possible All institutes
viii be held the frs. two weeks in
October, and talent nilI be exchanged.
SO high priced Eren can afford 70 make
the trip 70 Iowa, getting engagements
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06
TIMES REPUBLICAN. MARsTAILrowN IOWA: JANUARY 1916

sured Of farmers short course. the
dates to be Feb. to IL. The place OF
holding will be the J. N. Switzer big
barn. on Third street. The program
will be announced in few days.
Noted lecturers and a fine line of ex-
hibits will be here from the state col
lege at Ames.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06

enough to pay them for their time.
Superintendent here were NJ. l.. How
ell, of Clarion: Harry Henderson, OF
Hampton; C.. w. Burns, of Usage: j.
W. Boggs. of Garner; Mrs. b. NJ. Sher-
van. of Northwood, and Miss Mary
korinke, of Charles City.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06
eooDEIL MAN DROPS DEAD.
a. p. Lord. Civil War Veteran and
Pioneer Resident. Expires Suddenly.

Special 10 metropolitan
Goo6ell. Jan. ga. P Lord, long
time resident OF this town, dropped
dead Tuesday evening while carrying a
pail OF coal 70 his house. Mr.. Lord
was civil! war veteran and unmarried.
He was about town as usua! Tuesday
and his sudden death was entirely un-
rXpeCreG
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06
MINNEAPOLIS & ST. LOUIS.
- NORTH RnIiNn

- NSHNNs LeayA
Twin Cities Mall toaily -. s:15 a m
Mason CITY MAN Tex. SEM. 5:55 .. N
Twin City Limited daily. 2:7e a m
Local Freight lex. SUM 90. $50 a m
SOUTH BOUND.
u. Louis and Kansas City
Mail daily -........-.. 5:f5 D. m
Oskaloosa Express Eek. Sum- s:15 a IN
It Louis and Peoria Linn
ftod (daily) ....-........ 4:ol a m
9Gnml freight tex. SUM 90. TOO q N
STORY CITY BRANCH
sEnnNos Ar11vA
1:AH I. m. Stock Express
sY Ct. SUM- .............. sos q -
s1.oS .. m Mixed Tex. SUM- sos .. m
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06
STORY COUNTY PIONEER DEAD.
Jesse Barker, Resident ~ Nevada
Neishkcrheod For Fif.yYears, Passes.

NSfSHSHFEpoH Fuf E8fsyNI 01' >, e3sSSS'
Special TO Times Republican,.
Nevada, Jan. 6.-Jesse Barker, aged
SIS years. one OF the pioneers of the
county, died at his home southwest or
town Monday afternoon and the flu
neral was held from the home We'd
nesday morning after which the body
was inferred In the Nevada cemetery
Mr.. Barker was native of Green
county, New York. and came TO Iowa
and settled on the farm where he died
just about fifty years ago. OF the nine
children born to the family three are
living they being Charles D. and Eu-
gene, Of this neighborhood, and Mrs
W. c. Bennett, of Jefferson.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06
CHICAGO L NORTHWESTERN


GOING WEST.
No, 1l-Denver Special 80. l:ss
No. Los Angeles Limited 5:12 = ~
No. China and Japan
Express ....-............ s:1s
No, 19-Ames Passenger. .lI:zs
No. 6-Des Moines Passeu-
ger $500 >. N,
No. 13-Hawkeye Express.. 500 a =.
No. l7-OreGon and Wash
1ngton specil .......... I:lz
No. l2-Local Freight ..11:2o -
GOIEo EAST.
No. 4-Des MONIES PaSsen-
ger .........:..- s:38 4. m
No 12-Denver Special 80. l:1e N
No. 1S-Oregon and Wash.
ington Special ........ a:.o
Ma So-Clinton Passenger. SIN ~
No. t-Atlantic Express s.fs
No. 3z-Chicago Special ...1l.ss ~
No. 10-Eastern Express .c:24
No. 42-Local Freight 80. 1850
Nos. I. S. 70. 80. 4z. End ~ daily e.
espt Sunday.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06

Derivation Of the Language.
Dixty per cent of English words are
~ Teutonic origin, 80 per cent are
Greek and Latin and 10 per cent come
r. cher sources.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06
HAMPTON RESIDENT DEAD.
George p. Artiey. Old Time Resident.
Die. Suddenly. D

Dies Suddenly.
Special TO Times Republican. =
Hampton. Jan. s.-Death came sud-
denly to George P. Arsley at an early
hour Wednesday. He had been up
town the day before attending to bust
ness matters and had seemed almost
in. his usual health Acute indiges-
ton Is said to have been the immedi-
ate cause Of death. He was long
time resident of the vicinity and leaves
a wife and family.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06
RAILROAD TINE TABLE
CHICAGO GREAT WESTERN

GOING SOUTH.
No. l-0t. Joe and K. C.
limited .........-........ $40 q N.
No, *. c. Mall 4 Express s:lS .. m
No. S-Kausas City and St
Joseph .1o:o4 q m
No. S3-Way Freight .,...10:35 4 m
No. IS Dies Moines Mail :. Sis o. "a.
GOING NORTH
No. 3-Twin Cities Limited 1910 D. N
No. 4-Cnicaso and St Paul
Express ................ s:s! j. %.
No. 81 1850 .. N
EMO go-Way Freight .,. ':ss 4 m
No. e-Chicago E1ief .~...ss;:s D %.
except Sunday.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1916-01-06

Short Course For Hampton.
Special TO Times Republican.
Hampton. Jan s.-Thiss city ts as
The Wisconsin weekly blade. [volume] (Madison, Wis.) 1916-1925, 1916-09-14
OUR FUTURE.

What is to become of the NegIo as
an American citizen in the future is
the question still discussed by friend
and foe alike. There are those who
are optimistic and believe that the
many drawbacks and determinations
against him will ultimately disappear
and become a relic of forgotten is
sues. There are others who are pes
simistic, who hold hope for him in the
future. They argue that in proper
ton as to the Negro increase in in
telligence, wealth and character, in
that same proportion is the opposi-
ton increased and ii stronger DISPOSE
ton on the part of his enemies to
crush him, and consequently he must
ultimately become a serf or be driven
to the wall.
The Blade does not wholly agree
with either of these opinions, but
takes middle ground as our conten-
ton. We admit that his path is not
strewn with flowers and that he must
work out his own salvation with fear
and trembling, but there is no doubt
in the mind of The Blade that the
Negro will deliver the goods. From
The Blades point of view the Negro
has made good showing. He has
demonstrated his capacity to absorb
and assimilate the American civiliza-
ton in a marvellous way. He has
made a progress unparalleled in his
tory for so short a time, for fifty
years ago he was a chattel, a mere
thing in the eyes of the law. Today
he is man and a citizen, having by
sheer intelligence and shift reduced
his illiteracy to 33 per cent, which
means that out of total of one hun
dred only thirty-three are unable to
read and write. This is no mean
showing. If the Negro has done this
in fifty years, think what he will do
in fifty more and in fifty more. In
reviewing the progress the Negro has
made in the past in so short a time
only his bitterest enemies would not
concede to him the probability as we'll
as the possibility of great frtue.
The Wisconsin weekly blade. [volume] (Madison, Wis.) 1916-1925, 1916-09-14
Duties of General Chairmen.

First.-The general charmen ot each
railroad involved In the strike VIII super
wise and be responsible for the conduct of
the strike upon the line Of railroad over
which he has jurisdiction ana Will make
reports by night letter 10 the grand officer
having general supervision over that line
OF road Expense incurred by SO doing
viii be paid in accordance with the laws
OF tho respective ORGANIZATIONS
Second ON roads where because Of the
number of strikes Involved. Il becomes
necessary FOR the general chairman to
have assistants ne may designate other
officers and members OF the general cont
mittee or Joint board as in his Judgment
may he necessary To successfully carry on
the strike.
Thhd.--ln the absence of instruction
from the grand officer IN charge OF the
district the general chalrmen viii agree
amonS themselves as to the points at
whlvh they VIII Ice located during the
strike and they win Immediately advise
the officer in charge Of the district and
each ~ their local chsIrmeu where the,
are located and proper address The four
general ehairmen should keep each other
advised ~ FAR a. possible as - their pea
tiOn and movements
The Wisconsin weekly blade. [volume] (Madison, Wis.) 1916-1925, 1916-09-14
Duties Of Members.

Flrst-No man In road scrVics involved
I'm the strike VIII perform any service ant
er the hour set to strike unless he has al
ready begun hts trip and has actually left
the terminal II the train has left the
terminal he VIII complete the trip and de-
liver the engine and train at tho eud OF
the run or tleup point II tied mp under
the law. after which he will perform no
further service unHl the close OF the
strike Men IN other than road service
Will leave the service at the appointed
time.
so far as your legal right 90 strike Is
concerned, there is no difference between
mail train and freight train. You
have ideutically the same right 60 refuse
20 perform service on a nail train as YOU
have 70 refuse 10 perform service ON a
freight train
Second Az mon on strike wil keep
away from the companies property cN-
cept such men as are designated certain
duties TO be performed by authority OF the
organization
Thrd-Every man should understand
that tho laws " the laud must hc oeeyed
Acts Of violence OF any nature viii not
De tolerated 10y the organizations.
Fourth, The local representatives VIII
arrange f0r Il hail G0t meeting purposes at
all terminals, using one ot their own lodge
rooms n available Immediately after the
strike becomes effective all men viii as.
semble at the hall secured for meeting
purposes. When thus assembled an or
ganization Will be perfected los the cleo
ton OF chairman. -Nice chairman and
secretary. No person will be permitted to
be present IN the meeting hRu other than
those who are on strike except 10y permits
sion OF the ASSEMBLY.
Ftfth.-The secretary viii arrange ro1
call alphabetically with each organiza-
. -. -
ed twice daily. morning ana afternoon The
names Of the nonmemhers VIII be kept sep
arate on the roll from the names of those
who are members OF the organiraa ions
All strikers win be required to answer the
roll call, and also C. Va iu the halls wher,
The Wisconsin weekly blade. [volume] (Madison, Wis.) 1916-1925, 1916-09-14
ARE PREPARED
ON SHORT NOTICE
Full Text Defines Duties OF lo-
cal Chairmcn--Five Tenta-
tive Measures In Presi-
dents Plan For Peace.

hasls are provided, during the day at ali
times, unless excused by committee action
or by chairman Of the meeting. The
secretary Will also keep a record OF the
proceedings from day TO day.
Slxth.-In the conduct OF every strike
there are numerous irresponsible persons
not members Of the organizations, who
take OCCASION TO engage In acts OF violence
and disorderly conduct, and such actions
are usually attributed to members Of the
organizations. and great care should be
taken by every member Of the organiza-
lions to avoid associating with such per-
sons. and such conduct should be dis
couraged 30 as not to cast reproach upon
the cause
Seventh.-Some railroad officials may en-
deavor 10 coerce or mlslead the men by
asserting that men at other points have
not quit or that they have returned to
work Such Information should be dis
counted. and all strikers should apply to
their officers and committeeman for In
formation and be governed accordingly,
and no member or nonunion man will re-
turn to work until the strike is officially
declared off. when all will return to work
al the same time without prejudice and
with all former rights.
The Wisconsin weekly blade. [volume] (Madison, Wis.) 1916-1925, 1916-09-14
General Chnirman.

The instructions, which counsel obcdi-
and define the duties OF members and
their local chairmen, follow:
Brotherhood OF Locomotive Engineers
brotherhood OF Locomotive Firemen and
Enginemen
order OF Railway Conductors
brotherhood OF hallway Trainmen
Sirs and Brothers-lu connection with
the strike you win observe the following
instructions:
The Wisconsin weekly blade. [volume] (Madison, Wis.) 1916-1925, 1916-09-14
NEW STYLES FOR MEN.
A Novelty Resembles the Fatigue Hat
of National Guardsmen.

Fashions for men have begun to take
a surprising turn. From Spain recently
came something quite new in the form
of the sandal coat, which. according to
prediction. will be popular when the
hot weather sets in. And now new
style hat for men has been found to
rival the old standby sailor. 1t made
its appearance in New York, where it
attracted considerable attention.
The new model is very like the
broad, fat fatigue hat of the national
guar9smea. The bats were seen on
five or six fashionably dressed men
These hats are being sold In some
Fifth avenue shops, where 1t was stat
ed that they were originated to sup
plant the Mexican sombrero.
The Wisconsin weekly blade. [volume] (Madison, Wis.) 1916-1925, 1916-09-14
PARK FOR WOMEN ONLY.
No Chance For Spoonins In New Kan
sas City PLAYGROUND.

Kansas City, IA para exclusively
for women was established by the
Kansas City park board following the
plea Of business women's organiza-
ton for recreation and rest ground
where women can enjoy themselves I'M
molested.
site was chosen on a high point
overlooking the Missouri river. where
tennis courts. crOquet grounds and a
dutch oven" will be constructed and
shelter house built.
The Wisconsin weekly blade. [volume] (Madison, Wis.) 1916-1925, 1916-09-14
WHAT 2,4o6, 5O4 TESTS SHOW.
9e.9 Per Cent Record Perfect Perform
ance of Railroad Rules.

Results of 2,49G, 5O4 tests to see how
well signals and operating rules were
being observed on the Pennsylvania
lines east of Pittsburgh showed perfect
performance In 900 per cent of the
cases
In the period during which these
tests were made the statement says,
76.7O0,000 passengers were carried on
the lines east of Pittsburgh, and not a
single one was killed in a train acct
dent.
The Wisconsin weekly blade. [volume] (Madison, Wis.) 1916-1925, 1916-09-14
Duties of Grand Officers.

The erRnd officers ~ the four orgnnixa-
tons VIII be assigned 60 certain districts.
and each grand officer So assigned will
have general supervision ~ the strike IN
his respective district and over all MEM
hers ou strike and others associated with
thaf'' !u chat district
Grand officers VIII keep the executives
" the four organizations advised OF the
eNnct allnAtinn In thnlr Alstrlct
The Wisconsin weekly blade. [volume] (Madison, Wis.) 1916-1925, 1916-09-14
OZONIZED OK MARROW co.

The Blade carries the Ad. of The
Ozonized Ok Marrow Co. The oldest
and largest manufacturers of colored
toilet articles in the world, estab,
lished since 1858. We feel safe in
recommending this firm and their ar
ticles to the use of the general pub
lie.
The Wisconsin weekly blade. [volume] (Madison, Wis.) 1916-1925, 1916-09-14
Rooster Attacks Baby Bow.

Joliet, Ill.-I.eo Palace. two years
old, was attacked by a rooster which
he was trying 10 chase, and as a result
he is in serious condition The rooster
turned on him. and the baby. in en-
deavoring 10 eSr are. fell The rooster
peckcd him in the head. striking n
Suture in the child's skull with his
beak. rendering him unconscious.
The Wisconsin weekly blade. [volume] (Madison, Wis.) 1916-1925, 1916-09-14

use every honorable effort to further the
cause and will report daily, preferably by
night letter. to their respective general
chairmen as to the condition OF affairs.
Wherever II is possible for local chairmen
to report to the four general chairmen
Jointly IN one communication 1t should be
done
Third Expenses incurred for kilograms
Will be borne Jointly
Fourth When deemed advisable the
four local chalrmcn will agree upon as
istant chalrmen for their respective or
CARNATIONS to be located at outlying
points. and said assistant charmen will
report to their respective local chalrmen.
Fifth Clearly defined cases of disloyalty
or ineiiclency on the part OF any repre-
sentative of tho organization should be re-
ported to the other organizations and nee
essary action. either as To discipline or to
safety measures. taken at once.