davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1916-12-31

ernment scientists gained a sweeping
victory over the waste in apples. the
high cost of cider producing. the
charges for shipping the product. the
waste in the deterioration of the cider
and the cost of the product itself. AS
a result of Uncle Sans work several
cider mills in Washington and Oregon
have commenced the manufacture of
this concentrated cider. and reports
from this section indicate that there will
be "A great commercial demand for the
product.
No sooner had the specialists who had
been working on the cider problem
completed their task when the idea
struck them that if cider can be con-
centrated by freezing and the utiliza-
tion of centrifugal force, why not try
the same process on grape juice?
Manufacturers of grape juice in vari-
Gus parts of the country readily sub
mitted samples of their product and
the Department of Agriculture labora-
tories went to work on this by-product
of their first discovery. The grape juice
was frozen. cracked and placed in a
centrifugal machine. After a few min
utes of rapid whirling a liquid. royal
purple in color, made its appearance
and was drained off. Samples of this
essence of grape juice" we're sent to
the various manufacturers. with the
request that they give their opinion Of
the new product.
The unanimous reply was that the con-
centrated product not only equaled, but
actually surpassed. the original grape
juice, because. in addition to its much
smaller bulk and consequent ease of ship
ment. the essence" lacked all trace of
the ''argol' in the juice. 1t was found.
upon investigation, that this acid-the
bitter and ''puckery" part of certain
grapes which renders their juice un-
pala in the ice. together
with the water in the grape juice, and
that the sirup was only the pure grape
essence. with all ITS nutritive qualities
and none of its Objectionable features
In addition to discovering new prod
Evening star., 1916-12-31

announcement of a victory and for
recall of the troops.
The "hanukah lamp" is an artistic,
hammered brass affair, standing seven
and half inches high and six and one
quarter inches at the base The feast
of dedication, or hanukah, the latest
addition to the cycle of Jewish festi-
walls. is celebrated for eight days, be-
ginning with the 25th of Kislew. which
is around the Christian New Year, in
commemoration of the Durif1cation OF
the temple and the restoration of the
service after the deliverance of Jeru-
salem from the Impressions of Antio-
chus Epiphanes. King of Syria. by the
Maccabees in 164 b. c. This festival is
mentioned under the name of Enkamia
in the New Testament, meaning "dedi-
cation" and it is held on New Year;
but. although the Jews begin their
New Year about the same time that
the Christian one is observed, they
have the special celebration in the au-
tumn. when the "shofar" is used.
The principal feature in the observance
of this festival is the lighting of lights in
Evening star., 1916-12-31

Sam and asked the Department of Agri-
culture what the government could sug-
gest along this line. The matter was
turned over to the specialists of the fruit
and vegetable utilization laboratory and.
within a comparatively short time, the
difficulty was successfully solved.
Boiling and the application OF heat
spoils the taste of the apple juice" rea-
soned one OF Uncle Sans chemists, why
not try the effect of freezing it?"
This was done and experts declared
that the frozen cider was of a quality
quite as high as the liquid cider. But
frozen liquid cannot be conveniently
shipped from place to place. nor are the
rates on ice less high than those on
bottled, product. Therefore the freezing
Of the cider was to be merely the first
step in the process. The next was. to
crack the cider-ice into small cubes and
to Mace these in a rapidly whirling ma
chine somewhat on the order OF those
which are used to separate cream from
milk. This. it was found, withdrew. from
the cider ice "A thick liquid containing all
The annie iuice products and left in the
ice only the water originally in the cider
AS commercial cider Is composed OF
about four parts water and the remain :
ing 20 per cent is apple essence thls
irice. secured by whirling the cider
ice in a centrifugal machine. is only
one-fifth as bulky as the original cider.
and may be restored to its original
state by the simple addition of four
times as much water as there is slrup-
,rba shippers and consumers. therefore,
avoid paying freight on the so per cent
of water originally in the cider. 1t
has been found, in addition, that the
product, when properly bafreIed, De-
cause of its high percentage of sugar,
keeps much better than raw cider,
which quickly turns to vinegar.
At one stroke. therefore. the gov
Evening star., 1916-12-31

the synagogue as well as in the homes
of the people. whence it is also called the
feast of lights" On the first night one
light is lit, on the second two. and so
on until the eighth night. when the lass
light is lighted.
The lamp has such an air OF super
stitious and sacred feeling about II that
it is never employed for any ordinary pur-
pose For this reason a servant light
fshammash) is placed next to the light
Of the lamp and serves to light them
There is a story about the lamp that
comes from rabbinical tradition that ac-
counts for this feature Of lighting one by
one for eight nights. When the priests en-
tered the sanctuary after the Syrians had
been driven out to light the perpetual lamp
they found a vial of sacred oil unpolluted.
which under ordinary circumstances was
sufficient for one night. but by a miracle
lasted eight nights.
When possible they burned olive oil In
the lamp. but candles of pure beeswax
were often employed This particular
lamp is made after the form Of a CANDLE
stick
Evening star., 1916-12-31

VINO. nasQueTaulHR IN man .
attire. has gone TO the front and done
''her bit" Emphasis is given to these
INSTANCES. because they are rare. Rus
sia and the Balkan states have been
the usual theaters of action where this
type Of feminine heroism has been
staged.
To the south OF US. in revolution
ridden Mexico. hundreds of women are
enrolled in the various factions. and
perform exactly the SAME duties as
their brothers-in arms. The writer has
seen women with their rifles over their
shoulders. cartridge belts strung across
their chests. barefooted and hatless.
marching with the undisciplined Mexi-
can infantry. and galloping on their
understood ponies with the better
trained cavalry and sitting uncon-
cernedly on the nose of field piece
as il pulled out of Mexfco City to move
into the Morelos campaign against Ia
patio.
"Soldaderas." or women soldiers, to
distinguish them from the "soldados,
men soldiers. is the appellation with
which these modern Amazons have been
christened. in Mexico.
A Mexican army officer told the wri-
ter that in some ways these women
make better soldiers than men. They
are more amenable to. discipline. he
said, take more pride in being a soldier
and holding arms against the enemy,
bear hardship and privatIon more un-
complriningly and are more sincere
Evening star., 1916-12-31
CE1lMINEYS AND THE ROUND,
TALL STACKS OF FACTORIES

through the one-hundred and the one<
hundred ed-and-fifty foot stack of the
average industrial plant does not ex-
ceed a velocity of twelve feet a second.
A stack that is 200 feet tall is a high
one. and is apt to call for q great deal
of attention and comment on account
of the figure it cuts in the landscape.
In chemical and in some smelling works
chimneys are carried to a great height.
not for the purpose of increasing the
velocity of the ascending air current,
but for the purpose Of more safely dis
charging noxious or otherwise dis
agreeable gases, which when percepti-
BILE by the sense of smell. are called
fumes
The chimney is something that fs
relatively new in architecture. Many
of the old castles and other buildings
of Europe which were constructed be-
fore the fifteenth century have no
chimneys. In some of them a flue leads
from the back and above the Fireplace
through the wall to the outer air. Il
was somewhere about the thirteenth
century that in certain buildings the
masons began to run the f1ue to the
top of the building, but the chimneys
of that period had openings in the side,
the top being rooted over. 1t was about
the fifteenth century that masons be-
gan to build chimneys that extended
above the roof of the house and to
leave the top Of the chimney uncovered.
Evening star., 1916-12-31
In Mola ChuckY.

G ENATOR TILLMAN said at turkey
- dinner in his home town Of Tren.
ton, s. c.:
"Our opponents would have US all As>
lieve that, after the war, this wonder-
full business boom Of ours will cease
and our country will settle down into
such idle somnolence as characterises
Nola Chucky.
what do you do here all summsrr
a visitor asked q native Nola ChucIkianu
Loaf and fish,' said the native.
"And what do you do In tnt winterr 8
1--WE don't 6sh.'"
Evening star., 1916-12-31

them were carted Off and dumped as
refuse.
Upon returning to Washington Uncle
Sans assistant at once went to work
to find some use for the discarded cherry
seeds. Finally, after several weeks
work, he discovered that the cherry
stones. when ground into a fine powder
and compressed into a cube, make an
excellent food for live stock during
winter, and as a result of this discovery
the cherry preserving factories of the
country are annually receiving thou
sands of dollars for a by-product which
was formerly considered wholly with
out value.
Raisin, or grape. seeds. the Depart
ment of Agriculture has also discovered,
are of great value to the farmer as con-
centrated food for cattle and the chemists
connected with the department are now
working on the problem Of utilizing the
hard outer portion of peach stones which
is now totally wasted, although the kernel
in the interior of the peach pit Is in great
demand for the manufacture Of f1avoring
and other extracts.
The elimination Of seeds from the ma
jority of oranges has deprived Uncle
Sam of the opportunity of doing any re-
search work along this line. but there
recently arose considerable difficulty
in connection with the handling Of this
fruit which the Department Of Agricul-
ture was able to solve and thus prevent
another considerable source Of waste.
Evening star., 1916-12-31

-
ingenuity in connection with waste prod>
ucts came into play was in the sugges-
ton made by the government that paper
manufacturers, who have been complain-
ing Of the high price of print paper for
the past two years, make use of broom
corn, cereal stalks, '.xacaton"-a wild
grass that grows in New Mexico and 10
now Of no use at all-and hemp hurds,"
a by-product which remains after the
hemp is harvested.
the value of the zacaton and the hemp
hurds for paper making, the govern
ment published bulletins about these
two products and their possfbilities.
utilizing paper manufactured from
these sources for the purpose.
The Department of Agrfculture's exc
perts on paper manufacture say that 70
is impossible to state at this time the
exact cost of utilizing the hurds and
the vacation for paper manufacture: but
that 1t is certain that these materials
would be cheaper and easier to utilize
than some of the material from which
paper is now being made.
Hemp hurd paper is capable of being
highly calendered and. In the opinion
of the government specialists, ought to
supply a long-felt want in the paper
tical and economical use for material
which is now entirely wasted.
The government has declared war on
waste in deadly earnest, and Uncle
Sam will not be satisfied until every
particle of wasted time, labor and ma.
terial is used for the benent Of the
nation and the nations people.
Evening star., 1916-12-31
Governments Scientists Declare War On Was

points, were practically worthless on ac-
count of numerous bad spots" and rot
ten places on the skins. The consumer
naturally declined to purchase fruit SO
marked and the loss to the shippers and
retailers threatened to mount into mil
lions OF dollars. The government took
the matter in hand, however, and found
that the blemishes were due to lack of
care in picking the oranges and that
wherever the skin was damaged by the
shears or even the hngernails of the care
less picker the rotten spots would ap-
pear in a short time.
As a result an order went forth that
all orange pickers were to wear gloves
and use only blunt-pointed shears. thus
reducing the chances Of blemishes to
minimum. At once the condition OF the
fruit improved and there has been no re-
currence of this difficulty. except In iso-
lated instances where the governments
instructions have been overlooked. IL 10
estimated that this discovery alone saved
the orange raisers more than $s.oeo.ooo
every year.
But the education of the farmer in
the avoiding Of waste is not connned
only to the finished product or TO its
handling. Tho government is ontnu-
ally working out new ideas for:
A more economic use OF farm lanes
The better rotation Of crops.
The use Of moro useful fertilizers.
The introduction Of new plants or AMI
mails which will utilize the waste spaces
in different parts Of the country.
The keeping Of farm records. which VIII
show the farmer how much he is vast
ing and where this leak occurs.
g, Making the labor OF housekeeping
easier and less wasteful.
Educating children in the raising Of
pigs. corn. etc.
In short, every foot of space and every
ounce of product should be utilized to
its fullest extent and absolutely nothing
allowed to 30 to waste.
Evening star., 1916-12-31

The manufacturers of cider in vari-
Gus parts of the country-particularly
in Washington and oregon. where ap-
pies are cheap and cider is a valuable
by-product-were up against the difii-
Guilty Of disposing of their product at
profit. 1t was found that the freight
and express charges to various parts of
the country on large and bulky ship
ments of cider were so high that they
ate into the profits of both the pro-
ducer and the retailer. The problem
was, therefore. manifestly one of pro-
, which would be far less costly to ship
on account of its small bulk. but which
would serve precisely the same end as
the cider itself.
The determination of the problem was
far easier than its solution. For months
producing firms worked along various
lines to secure the sirup they desired.
Heat. il was found. destroyed the deli
cate taste of the cider and the result
tant sirup. while apparently the con-
centrated essence desired; was not mar
ketable on account of its totally differ
ent taste. Several other processes were
tried. but all in vain.
Apparently cider was cider and there
was no manner in which it could be
reduced to a concentrated form, which
would permit of its being easily ship
ped and sold at low price. thereby
forming excellent market for the
hundreds of thousands of apples which
would be wasted unless turned into a
liquid which would keep without the
use Of harmful preservatives.
Finally. one of the big cider manufac-
turers OF the west hit upon the happy
idea OF putting the problem up to Uncle
Evening star., 1916-12-31


% waste i'm agricultural prod
ucts," said Secretary of
q Agriculture Houston in a
recs Mt address. lis to admit either an
economic decadence or a lack of in
ventive genius
In this sentence the Secretary of
Agriculture summed up the reasons
lying behind the great campaign now
being waged by the government or the
United States-the war .on waste.
In this great struggle for a proper
and ADEQUATE use of all the resources
of the nation, the Department of Agri-
culture is in the front rank. for it is
here that a considerable number or
valuable discoveries and inventions
have been made within the past Two
years which will do much to increase
the commercial output of the United
states and to enable every industry 10
make the most of products which. IN
the past, were considered worthless
The great majority of persons are
familiar with the statement or the
Chicago meat packer who ooasted una
his factories utilized every part OF
the pig but the squeal. Possibly the
time will come when government SCI
entists. putting their minds seriously TO
the problem. Will be able TO Suggest
Some economic use of this waste ma
tertal: for some of the work done IN
the Department of Agriculture labora-
tories has been almost as fenhf haDfe
as would be plan for selling the
saueal of the pig.
t'onsfder for example, the results of
experiments in connection with con-
centrated cider. one of the most I'M
portant of the departments lnVestlSa-
tions within the. past year
Evening star., 1916-12-31

1t was found that a proportion Of the
Florida oranges, upon arrival in New
York or other comparatively distant
Evening star., 1916-12-31

from European
war accounts there filters
through the story of woman
who. masquerading in mans
Evening star., 1916-12-31

nnF0o admit the. existence of
OO waste in agricultural prod
ucts" said Secretary of
- Anric,,ltI Houston in a
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-21
ADJUSTMENTS
"The Lilac Domino"

We have had any numbe of farces
from the French, but not SO many
comic operas "The Lilac Domino, "
written by French author and adapt
ed to English by Harry B. and Rob-
ert B. Smith. throbs with the gaiety
and the passion Of the true-Gallic tenn
permanent and is withal as charming a
piece as any given to the American
stage in recent years
The music is delight. One haunt
ing melody succeeds another while
the syncopated tunes and special num-
bers by Malvin Franklin have all tht
sprightliness and humor that have
made the American school of musica
comedy composers so eminently sue
cessful.
Presented by Andreas DIPPED r.
grand opera fame and beautifully
staged, with a large and competent
company for it's presentation, "The Ii :
lac Domino has all the qualities that
should commend it to lovers of ligh
opera While not without sentiment
which is developed chiefly by means
of some charming love songs, it is TO!
the most part written in comedy
vein which never becomes trite or tire
some.
With the scenes laid on the Riviera,
is given opportunities for exquisite
color effects. The costumes are brill
liant and of varied hues.
All of the principals acquitted them
selves well. George Curzon as the vi
comte de Brissac, Bradford Kirkbride
as Count Andre de st. Armand. Joseph
Carey as Prosper and Edward Craw
ford as Casimir. his impecunious
friends. contributed no little to the
gaiety of the piece. Mr.. Kirkbride sang
the principal role in capital style. He
has good voice. a pleasing stage
presence and makes an ideal lover
Yvonne Darle as Georgine, the girl in
the lilac domino has beautiful voice
ard histrionic ability but lacks the
magnetism to be convincing in II,
role. Marie Hamilton as Leonie was
better cast. She fitted the part ad
rairably. Mr.. Carey proved himself :.
droll comedian. In fact, the leadin.
funmakers contributed number
amusing specialties, their burlesque
was a hilarious bit of nonsense
Archibald Gilchrist. as the vicomte's s
nephew, Andrea Corday as the gov
erness. Allan Ramsay as the gins
violinist. completed the list Of prin
cipals.
The dancing specialties of Julia For
tame, Louis L. Pitcher and Charlotte
Joy were features of the perform
ed againance.
1.-THE Lilac Domino" will be present
ed again at the Jefferson this after
noon and tonight. 1t will undoubtedl,
rank as one of the current season
best offerings.
At the Lyric
Rare entertainment will greet the
patrons of the Lyric theatre today as
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-21
PLANNING ELECTRICAL
WEEK FOR THIS CITY
President Kahn of Local Club Out
lines Tentative Plans

1t will be the Alabama Electrical fair.
Deciding that all Alabama should par
ticipate and be benefited by the big cleo
trical fair week to be held in Birming-
ham December rs, the Birmingham Elec-
trio. club has decided to extend an invita-
ton to all Alabama. The electrical week
for Birmingham was first decided upon,
to be held in connection with the Amer :
lean Elertric week. This, however, did
not take in enough territory, and the
state as whole was included.
''Do it electrically will be the slogan
of this week, which is expected to be an
important epoch in the history of cleo
trical development throughout the United
States. Birmingham will have one of the
greatest electric displays ever seen in
the south. The Merchants and Manufac-
turers' Permanent Exhibit hall has been
secured for the electric fair, and thou
sands of dollars will be spent in it's
preparation.
According to Harry M. Kohn, president
of the birmingham Electric club, all rail i.
roads running into Birmingham have
been communicated with regarding ex-
cursion rates to Birmingham durinS
the week. Everything will be free at the
exhibit hall. and it will be the purpose of
the electric men to educate the people in
the use and efficiency of electricity.
Farmers will be especially urged to at.
tend this fair, where they will be shown
the modern conveniences of the farm
electrically equipped. This movement
has already spread to many of the bet
ter developed agricultural states, and
scores of farmers are prospecting through
the use of electricity on the farm, ac-
cording to President Kohn.
The entire fair will be of an educa-
tional nature with the best demonstra.
tors and lecturers to be had. There will!
be free motion pictures of an educational
nature, free demonstrations and exhibits.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1916-10-21

was that of Cigarette" Bill negro
charged with burglary. Cigarette"
Bill admitted that he was paid
"snitch" of one of the police officers
Of the city of Birmingham and on
the witness stand he accused one OF
the officers of framing up on him,
and made other charges. Cigarette
Bill defended himself and placed no
witnesses on the stand in his defense.
After Judge Heflin had charged the
jury with especial emphasis on the
fact that they were the sole judges
of the evidence" the jurors retired and
returned within five minutes with a
verdict of guilty.
The next case handled by jury No.
l was on an agreement between Assist
ant Solicitor w. S. WEIGH and Rod
erick Beddow, attorney for Dave Col
lier, a negro, charged with murder.
The crime occurred about five years
ago and as there was, some doubt as
to the states ability to prove the death
of the negro alleged to have been
killed an agreement was entered with
Attorney Beddow whereby the negro
Collier would plead guilty to man
slaughter in the first degree and would
take a sentence of IA months on the
county roads. This agreement was ex-
planned to jury No. 1 and Foreman
Victor @. Prowell signed the verdict.
In discharging the jurors from fur
Their duty yesterday afternoon Judge
Heflin made no reference to the cpl
sode of Thursday.
RIGHTS OF JURORS
Attorneys who were interested in the
controversy that was stirred up on
Thursday in the criminal courts re-
ferred The Age-Herald reporter to
what one Of the ablest legal writers
in the country had to say on rights OF
juries. The following from Bishop s
new criminal procedure, page $40, PAR
laymen in determining what are the
cases:
I'm principle-returning to the un-
written rule--the promise Of the Jurors
in their oath to find a verdict accord
ing to the evidence given them, Is not
violated by finding contrary to tho
law given them should they deem the
latter to be wrong. If, obeying their
own consciences and disobeying the
Judge, they return a verdict of acquit-
tai, he can neither punish them nor set
the verdict aside, though he can set
aside a conviction. This power OF
granting a new trial, therefore, fur
nishes, in reason, the test of the right
of the jury. They cannot convict a de-
PENDANT contrary to the direction OF
the court; but they may acquit him in
| like disobedience whenever their own
judgments demand. And still the Judge
may, in his charge, convey to them his
| idea of their duties, while the law re-
strains him from interpoSing with it's
power"