davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lancaster news. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1905-current, 1916-04-14
GET AFTER "c0LD" QUICKLY
oisagreeable. Dangerous MaIady Has
Many Preliminary Symptoms
That Give Warning.

Colds car easily be prevented IL
care Is taken to avoid those things
which lower the resistance OF the body
and IL one pays special attention to
building up the resistance Of the
body. How important this is may he
seen in the fact that athletes in
training seldom, if ever, contract
colds, Good Health observes.
How, then, are we to know that a
cold is impending? First Of all, in
most cases, there is a feeling OF chill
Illness and slight feverishness. The
head also feels stuffy and full; the mu
cous Innings of the nose and throat
feel dry and parched, due to conges.
tion at these points. Frequently there
Is feeling of languor and an "aching"
OF the bones. especially at the joints.
Headache is also often present, and
lack OF appetite. Bad breath and
coated tongue are almost invariably
present. The victim is usually con.
stipated
The "nipping" process consists, first
OF all, In getting the blood away from
the head and chest into the lower ex.
tremities. The best means to this end
is hot foot bath-as hot as can be
borne. A bucket OF any kind will
serve the purpose: especially good Is
q bucket that will allow the water to
reach as near the knees as possible.
Take particular pains to see that the
room In which this treatment is
iC
The Lancaster news. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1905-current, 1916-04-14
GOV. MANNING FAVORs
THE GALLON-A-MONTH ACT

Says He VIII Not Sign the Two
Quart-a-Month Act at Present.
The Lancaster news. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1905-current, 1916-04-14

Columbia, April 11.-"This law
has made distinct advance for pro-
hibition by limiting the amount Of
Evening star., 1916-04-30

where pa.raffin wax is made, and the
residue is used for fuel or'coke
The chief values of petroleum are in
the gasoline. naphtha and lubricating
oils: the other returns are regarded as
by-products and sell for less than the
cost of manufacture. Oils of all grades
are usually mingled in the piping and
are taken as they come to the refinery.
The richest in gasoline comes from
the Gushing field. where this element is
about 80 per cent the next. from the
Pennsylvania field. about 25 per cent.
Those from other fields are much
lower: The California production has
very little. if any; the average is about
IA per cent. The Gushing field year
ago was yielding 100000 barrels a day
IT has fallen to 10000.
Thus the situation is that there is
still oil enough in sight for some time
to come. if it can be made available
and the rate of consumption is not in
nnlng are continued and the expected
increased consumption comes. the nat
ural supply may be exhausted in from
twelve to twenty-five years.
There is, however. no reason to De-
lieve that the limit of the demand has
servative estimates are that, if the
price of gasoline does not soar too high
million automobiles will be added
this year to the number now in opera =
ton.
One or more of the big manufa cturers
intend to put on the market at low
prices tractors for use on the farm.
Motor boats have never been SO popu-
lar Most of the new vessels of the
navy will burn oil fuel
There may be several ways out of the
difficulty One is to run engines with
out gasoline; and another, to make
more gasoline from petroleum. OF
course, one cannot use motor with
Evening star., 1916-04-30

out something to burn in it. and auto
mobile makers have been trying expert
ments with oil distillates heavier than
gasoline, approaching Kerosene. Mod-
ications of the carburetor. the appara-
tus for making the mixture of air and
gasoline which is exploded in the cyl
before kerosene can be used, and so
far satisfactory device has been
found. Patent claims as we'll as me-
chanical difficulties have to be over
come.
In stationary engines. where quick
changes are not frequent kerosene
may take the place of gasoline. and it
may be used for other motors where
pease the fiddler: he might be willing
TO play for the dance. if he received
good pay for his kerosene, which costs
him less than gasoline.
But another and better way is to ap-
ply some method, called a cracking
process. to convert more of the pc
troleum into gasoline. Such processes
are under development and promise re-
lief if universally adopted by the refin
ers. 1t is practicable in this way. 1t is
said, to produce gasoline from kero
sene. gas oil. fuel oil. residuums and
heavy crudes; and no oil should be used
for fuel unless it has been so treated.
The Standard Oil Company is using
cracking process known as the Burton
for producing gasoline from certain
low grade kerosene distillateS, and last
year the company produced 1900, 600
barrels equivalent to the ordinary re-
covery from 100000 barrels of crudes
of IL per cent gasoline content.
The bureau of mines, Department of
the Interior. has developed the Rittman
cracking process; and by it most
couraging results have been attained.
This produces gasoline from the sew
eral dstillates of the crudes-kerosene,
fuel oils and reSiduum.
The principle of this method is to
vaporize the petroleum or distillates of
crude oils; and to subject the vapors to
certain temperatures and pressures
which have been determined to be ia
forable for the manufacture of the de-
sired product.
In the treatment of these vapors they
are passed from the liquid to the gas
phase; and in the absence of liquid the
danger from explosions is eliminated.
much more detailed account can be
Evening star., 1916-04-30
Demand Cause Rise i'm Price of Gasoline

given. but II you are not a chemist or
a manufacturer you might not under.
stand it, But the result In that by
treating the distillates and re-treating
troleum can be converted into gaso.
line.
In making gasoline by the Rittmaa
process a slight variation in the tom.
perature will convert the vapors. or q
portion of them. into toluol and benxol,
which is necessary in making high ex.
plosives and analine dyes and drugs.
Benzol is also recovered as a by
product in the manufacture of coke,
and when made this way is substi-
tute for gasoline, not made from petro-
leum
1t is estimated that in 1915 this by
product benzol. will amount to 500 900
barrels, but will be chiefly used in
making dyes and drugs, explosives and
chemicals, and consequently not avail
able a substitute for gasoline. How
ever. this quantity may be greatly in
crea sed by abandoning the many bee
hive furnaces now used in making coke
and adopting the somewhat more ex-
penSiVe by product retort oven. Their
universal use In this country will in
crease the annual recovery to three
million barrels of henzol.
some OF the shales of the western
states hold reserve of petroleum, but
by any known method il will he neces-
sary sin order to recover four gallons
of gasoline to retort ton of shale.
which operation will, II has been esti-
mated. cost about go cents.
MIR. Van II. Manning. director Of the
bureau of mines, says that many auto
mobile dealers are complaining that
they cannot sell their cars, because
purchasers are scared over the cost of
gasoline, and consumers are saying
that they cannot afford to run their
cars
The bureau is doing all in its
power to induce the use of some crack
ing process which will enable the re-
fIners to recover so much gasoline from
the oil that the demand for it can he
met at a reasonable price.
The bureau offers the use of the Ritz
man process and it's drawings and ad-
vice free to all concerns who desire to
use it; and already ten refiners are
erecting plants to apply this latest
method to the economic utilization Of
petroleum.
Evening star., 1916-04-30
The Eternal Question.

A PROPOS of film censorship, a NOV
3N ing picture star said at a dinner in
New York:
Does the public like shocking films
or not? Does the shocking pay? Who
can tell?
"A woman, pocketbook in hand. said
to the man in the box office of a thea
ter:
Young man. before ] buy my ticket,
tell me whether or not this is a moral,
pro or show
~ salesman pretended not to hear
her. He pointed out the seats that
were still vacant on the plan.
Young man. she repeated, why
don't you answer me when | ask IL
this show is moral and proper
because. madam said the agent,
I'm not a good enough judge of human
nature to know which way to answer
without losing a customer.
Evening star., 1916-04-30

I'LL.

methods, from the waste of natural
gas, which contains gasoline. and from
the waste of gas through the use of
lower priced. but extravagant types of
furnaces used in cokng coal.
Petroleum is brought from sand
strata. way below the surface through
deep wells driven down through the
ground until they enter the oilbear
ing sand. Usually the pipes pass first
through sand containing natural gas
which. rushing out. is known
"gasser." The wells are drilled and
lined with pipes called castings, sunk
in such a way as to protect the oil and
gas sands from damage by under
ground water and other sources of
waste not visible from the surface
The natural gas pressure drives the
oil uD and out through the casing: and
at this stage the well is called
"gusher" When the gas pressure be-
comes exhausted considerably re-
duced. the oil is pumped from the well.
Sometimes it is stored in tanks: more
frequently it is gathered to central
stations. whence it is conveyed into
the great system of pipe lines. from
which it is pumped to the refineries
sometimes 1000 miles away.
Upon reaching the refinery it is run
Evening star., 1916-04-30

the entire population of Brookland and
the adjacent suburbs afrliates with the
rose lovers.
Though twenty-five cultivated bushes
is the minimum for active membership.
the average rose garden contains from
200 to 800 bushes. and there is no more
beautiful sight to be obtained in this part
plots in the height Of the blooming sea-
son.
Charles F. Tansill. former president
hundred bushes under cultivation, and
frequently during the last weeks of
May two hundred and more visitors
throng his garden every afternoon. Mr..
Tansiil has numerous and most at
tractiVe collection of hybrid perpetual
roses and his Frau Karl Druscki. fire.
quently bearing five or six hundred
perfect blooms in one season, is one of
the famous bushes of the locality DR..
Robert Frischkorn. vice president of
vice president, and Charles NJ. Etz give
special attention to the newer ever
blooming varieties of roses and each
has from three to five hundred bushes.
Dr. Frischkorn has all the beautiful
yellow roses. Last spring he won the
gold medal offered by the society for
the finest bloom in the exhibit with his
Lady Hiilington rose; This rose, with
the Duchess of Wellington, the Mrs.
Aaron Ward and the Sunburst. is
special feature of the Frischkorn gar
den. All are taUny gold in color and
have shown great hardihood. The Radi-
ance is also notable in this collection
Evening star., 1916-04-30

Of perfection. They must be approved
by a committee. which will apply the
strict scientific tests laid down by the
National American Rose Society and by
the British Rose Society. Some of the
rules. especially those adapted from
the British organization. have been
modified to suit local conditions and the
limited resources of amateur gardens.
but III the matter Of cultural perfection
no compromises have been made.
The annual rose exhibit to which
Proolllsnd invites the general Washing
ton public will be held on dates vet to be
selected. between the goth and goth Of
May. The exhibit is always free for
two days ard every facility is given rose
lovers to admire the flower queen and to
OBTAIN specific information about indi-
vidual varieties OF the flowers shown.
On the Rose Society falls the burden of
producing blooms worthy of the high
reputation which the town has obtained.
TIE citizens associations OF Rrookand.
University I Heights and Rhode Island ave
nee assGme the actual management and
the financial end Of the exhibition. AL
ready the committees have been appoint
ed and are working in conjunction with
the executive board of the Rose Society
10 MAKE the coming show a record break
or. The opinion OF the owfers of the
largest gardens is that unless Dame
Ea.ire assumes very perverse mood
the roses will show the result of the
;',lc nt'f" study and untiring care given
tnetn for the past five years and will
f..tse a display which " Washington will
lDl:e; remember.
Il =
in tce neatly printed constitution of
the Rose Society Of Broolland, recently
adopted it is stated that the object of
;ne organ zst.on is 70 stimulate zeal in
Deaulifying the home garden and. by this
general interest in the cultivation OF the
rose. TO arouse spirit Of friendly COM
petition in the suburban life which will
result in making the home grounds more
attractive and in uplifting community
ideals. The society requires for active
membership that twenty five rose bushes
pc cuitfvs-tsT or the home plot. For as
Sociate membership. all those who are
sympathetic with the idea who con-
tribute TO the success Of the exhibit,
either by flowers, service contribution
ere eligible. Under this heading nearly
Evening star., 1916-04-30
motives. for the naval and merchaT
marine and for industrial plants.


marine and for industrial plants.
%
To meet this call for gasoline the re-
finers created great reserve stocks of
oil and of gasoline. but even they are
not sufficient So people who ride and
people who fight must now pay the price.
To understand the situation better.
look further at the reasons why so much
gasoline is now consumed. 1t has been
estimated that at the beginning of 1916
there We're 2,225.O00 automobiles in the
United States-one for every forty-tive
persons Young or old. At least mill
lion more will be manufactured this
year. and 800. 600 pleasure motor boats
will run about our rivers and inland
waters. oyster boats. fishing boats and
small freighters also will depend upon
gasoline for their power. Forty-fiVe
thousand motor trucks will take the
place of horses, and $4,000 traction
plows will break up the soil for the
farmer.
Innumerabe gasoline engines Will
furnish power on farms or take the
place of steam power in small factories.
Millions OF barrels of crude oil are con-
sumed annually in the furnaces of loco
motives and marine engines, and MIL
lions more are wasted in natural gas.
~
entire gasoline product is exported for
use in the European war. and all this
drains a supply by no means ineXhaus-
tibie.
There are ten areas or major fields of
crude-ol production in the United
States-the Appalachian, Lima a-Indiana,
Illinois. Mid-Continent, Kansas and
Okla homa tthe Mid ContinenD: North
TeNss. Northwestern Louisiana. Gulf,
Colorado. Wyoming and California.
If petroleum has been handled with
relative economy from the well to the
refinery and to the consumer. it is one
of the shining exceptions to the general
practice. for the nation has squandered
its natural resources of lands, lumber,
coal. iron, copper and water power like
Il drunken sailor.
Not only has the government freely
bestowed its lands upon individuals and
corporations who scrambled for them,
but also the grabbers have wasted what
Evening star., 1916-04-30

into a series of tanks holding about
$4,000 barrels apiece. where the manu-
facture of gasoline begins.
AS the> first distillates are collected
they are tested and allowed to collect
until they reach certain specific grav-
ity. often around so degrees Baume,
when the run is diverted to another
tank. The distillation is continued, but
each time the distllates reach certain
lower densities they are diverted. and
thus the refiner gets several stocks.
The first. which is the .lightest, gives
gasoline stock; the second run gives
kerosene stock: the third gas oil stock,
and the fourth lubrcating stock; what
is left is called the residuum.
These stocks are re-run, or distilled a
second time, usually with steam, and
the results, after washing with acid
and alkali, are gasoline, naphtha, kero-
sene of various grades. gas oils. which
are used as fuels under steam boilers;
for Diesel engines and for making illu-
gas; all lubricating oils
Evening star., 1916-04-30

INDEX CARD ADOPTED BY ROSE So
CIETY OF BROOkLAND. INVALU-
ABLE FOR THOSE WHO WISH TO
KEEP A SCIENTIFIC RECORD OF
DIFFERENT ROSE BUSHES.
ton of Radiance and Killarney roses.
The monks at the Franciscan monastery
and the fathers at Holy Cross College
are good rosarians, and their gardens
contain several of the best blooming va
rfeties and many hundred bushes.
One thing which the Rose Society of
Brookland does and for which every
lover of flowers who is endowed with
generous income should be grateful
is to try out all the new roses adver-
tised by commercial growers every
season. The members buy, one of the
more expensive kind Of bushes, for
some cost almost as much as an Eas-
ter hat, and give the plant careful
attention for two seasons From a card
which is one of the many original de-
vices of this society to promote scien-
tifc methods in gardens. the growers
note every point for and against the
new strain. II the rose is pronounced
all that its producers claim, it is for
mally placed on the list approved by
the society and usually through cut
tings from the first bush begins to be
popular. This card system of keeping
the record of roses is so practical and
valuable that the Rose Society recon-
mends it to every individual rose lover
as we'll as to societies which have the
cultivation of the rose a primary
object.
There is another notable feature of
the Brookland rose gardens-each plot
is cultivated as a work Of love, and not
one of the many who have hundreds of
bushes employs regular gardener.
The members of the society are all
amateurs. The sale of flowers is for
hidden by the constitution and these
flower lovers show a diversity of oc-
cupations as interesting as the aspect
of the gardens. There are grave pro-
fessors who must give long hours to
teaching. public officials and clerks
who must employ nearly all the day
light hours at desks, editors and
writer's business and professional men
and women. and many who are en-
pIoyed in the humber capacity of daily
toll.
But all are of the joyous guild of
gardeners and just now all are con-
sumed by the joy of battle, that war
of roses to be fought out in the exhi
bition hall. Every year the society
issues list Of roses which are rec
Evening star., 1916-04-30
Languishing.
G ECRETARY REDFIELD said at

G ECRETARY REDFIELD said at
~ dinner in Washington:
Business, when government adopts
a suspicious attitude toward it, Lam
suishes like the father under the
clutch of seasickness.
"A father, noted for his savagery, lay
seasick in his deck chair, while his
wife read her novel at his side. and
their little son Tommy played about
the deck.
After while Tommy got very noisy.
He was rebuked by his mother, but he
still kept up his noise.
80 she turned for help to her hus-
band
"I wish you'd speak to Tommy, she
Sa id.
The seasick man, who ordinarily
would have had Tommy across his knee
and roaring in jiffy. said in a hollow.
listless voice, without opening his eyes:
How-d'-do, Tommy?
Evening star., 1916-04-30
The Front Row.

e61T1 HE British army has raised its age
limit to forty-five years" said II.
land. The age limit originally was
thirty y-eight.
1.-The army isn't so exclusive. either. as
to age or as to physique as it was at first.
"A Stacker in Manchester tried to get
exempted the other day.
1--we got such poor eyesight' he said.
Il can't see any distance at all
:" oh, that'll be all right said the sur
geon. you'll have an excellent view.
Wen give you a trench in the very front
Evening star., 1916-04-30

from the fact that it is now to be seen
in the place of honor in all the Brook
land gardens. but DIR. Frischkorn was
the first to make it known.
other notable rose collections are
those of DIR. Alphonso Patten, president
of the Rose Society; Arthur A. Carpen-
ter, Fernando Carpenter. Mrs. Mary
Ward Burr. Mrs. Margaret B. Downing
Miss Carrie Harrison. Mrs. Sophia
Kramer Herman. Miss Ella Reese Miss
Mabel White. Joseph +. Ralph A. j.
Doeipg and Charles J. Cassidy. Each
of these gardens has some special
feature which makes them of interest
to all local rose lovers.
DIR. william Turner. professor of phi
losophy at the Catholic University, has
about 400 roses in cultivation He pre-
fers the single variety and those with
an Irish prefix. He has some wonder
Evening star., 1916-04-30

full Irish fireflames. cuttings of which
are thriving very well in adjacent gar
dens. DR.. Turner is conducting some
interesting experiments with the ma
tive genus rosa, with the end of plac-
ing a new and distinct variety on the
market. He has obtained from the
mountain regions of North Carolina
some twenty species of wild rose and
these he intends to polleniZe with gar
den stock and note the result
DR.. John B. Parker is another mem
ber of the Rose Society who has been
trying to bring new and successful
rose into public favor. Two summers
ago DR.. Parker crossed the Frau Karl
Druscki. which is a hybrid perpetual,
with a Grus am Teplitz which Is a tea,
and he obtained a distinct species =
pale pink flower. showing all the good
qualities and none of the faults Of its
Evening star., 1916-04-30

parents. He has called it the Mrs. John
p. Parker. If it continues as fiorescent
and hardy this summer as it has for
two years past. the Rose Society will
present DR.. Parker with a gold medal
and will assume the responsibility of
his new rose as a commercial venture.
x
DR.. Patten, president of the Rose So
ciety. is a veteran of the civil war, but
this is no handicap when it comes to
working in his garden. He has a pref
erence for that glorious rose of the Pa
cific coast, Madam Caroline Testout,
and three years ago he won supreme
honors in the second rose exhibition
with splendid specimen which meas
ured almost four inches across Two
years ago DIR. William Turner won the
gold medal with the same rose, the
Testout. but at the last show it was
beaten by the Lady Hillington. 1t was
noted that the yellow roses for a year
past have been successful against the
former pink favorites.
Charles M. Etz has distinctive rose
garden with sort of Dresden effect, in
that he has more than a hundred dif-
ferent varieties of the ever-blooming
sorts and about 900 bushes. They are
placed in long rows. without special at
tention being given to a color scheme.
The result is very attractive. Mr.. Etz
has one of the Oldest and most sue
cessful gardens. He tries out nearly
all the newer varieties, and is consid-
cred an authority in the society about
the adaptability to this climate of new
and much advertised roses.
Fernando Carpenter and his son Arthur
have several hundred bushes with less
than twenty varieties They make bril-
liant spots of color. red roses predomi-
mating in the Fernando Carpenter gar
den, and with pinks. Cochets. Killarneys,
Ps.d 3nr
lection. In the gardens of Miss Carrie
Harrison and Mrs. Margaret B. Downing
the beauty of rose-covered pergolas may
be admired. They are utilized for outside
sitting rooms at least six months of the
year. and are covered with fragrant
blooms for the better part of that time
Mrs Mary Ward Burr, who is one of
Brooklands oldest inhabitants in the
sense of residence. has a very, old and
exceedingly beautiful garden With her
neighbor. Mrs. Sophia X. Herman, who
has celebrated her eighty-second birth
day, Mrs. Burr digs among her roses for
hours every day. She has grand old
bush OF La Tosca, that exquisite soft
pink rose which is in bloom from Nav
to November. and Betty. coppery yell
low and equally horescent, from which
she can present a bouquet for guests each
day of the summer. Mrs. Herman has
hne collection of everbloomers and
among them a glorious fun ivory rose
the Plus y. which she says is not as well
known in the local gardens as its good
qualities would warrant
Joseph f. Ralph has a beautiful garden
around his home. and his vivid red roses,
the Star of France and the Teplitz. are
the envy of his neighbors. Mr.. Ralph
throws Off the cares connected with max
ing Uncle Sans money by working in
his rose garden. He has a good collec-