The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1916-05-16

reserve board will we make any real
Roadway In dealing with irregularity
OF employment" said Mr.. Leiserson.
THE problem OF unemployment is
not to be solved by discussion. What
we need now is government action,
experimentation and administrative
experience. When President Wilson
outlined his program OF THE New
Freedom" he saw at once the need
OF money reserve board. He in
sisted that the small business mans
demand for credit must be met, that
the control OF the eastern bankers
must be broken and the financial re-
sources OF the country conferred IN
| government controlled reserve banks
TO meet the fuctuating demands Of
industry and agriculture. But Jobs
for the workers arc no less import
ant than finances for farmers and
business men. II the new freedom
means freedom for the wage-earner
as well as for the business man. then
we must not stop with a financial
board. We must have n labor re-
serve board 10 help the worker get
the Job that he needs, to free him
from the exploitation Of the private
labor agent and 10 mobilize and con-
troll the work of the country in the
interest Of the wage-earner.
"a bill creating such board
might we'll outline the the main fea-
lures of the commissions work.
Enough studies have been made in
this country and enough experiments
have been tried in Europe to show
what those outlines should be.
Labor Exchange Division.
1.-THE board should have labor
exchange division to create national
system of labor exchanges out OF the
existing agencies and to stimulate the
states and cities to improve and ex-
tend their bureaus under the direc-
ton Of the federal board.
Another division should study and
devise methods Of using public work
TO regularlze the labor market by alb
sorblng workers released from pri-
vate employment, during slack per-
iods and releasing him to private in
dustry in busy times.
Another part of the labor reserve
hcard'r work is to collect and furnish
information regarding opportunities
for self-employment In the United
States particularly on the land.
1.-The board should prevent trades
and Industries from becoming over
crowded with workers or over-sup-
piled with laborers, by showing the
industries and localities which are
growing and in need OF labor and
warning workers against the trades
and places which are over-supplied
with labor and where unemployment
is most prevalent"
Government Ownership.
John r. Shillady. secretary of the
Mayors Committee on Unemployment
Of New York City, proposed that pub
lie Improvements and. where practi-
cable. the purchases of federal. state
and municipal governments and the
permanent Improvements OF rail-
roads ESQ far as the railroads would
do SOY be used to prevent widespread
unemployment in times OF CONNER
ciul depression. Mr.. Shillady cited
! authorities in the United States and
abroad who favored this method of
counteracting the distress that occurs
when in times OF depression private
employers lay off large numbers of
men.
Mr.. Shillady said that the federal.
state, city and municipal governments
expended in 1913. 1886. 100000 on
the acquisition or construction OF
more or less permanent prope ties
and public improvements of all kinds.
This was ten and half per cent OF
the total governmental expenditures.
In the same year, the railroads spent
en- roads, rolling stock, machinery,
repair shops, etc, s6s0,000,000. II
only one-half of the expenditures in
1913 by these government depart
menCs were taken as an average for
the ten years, the total expenditures
of the various governmental bodies
and the railroads for these purposes
would amount to approximately
$633. 100000.
Mr.. Shlllady said that il ten per
cent on the average of the latter fig-
ure (Which would be only one per
cent of the total governmental expen.
ditures for all purposes) were laid
aside each year of normal business
I conditions, to be utilized as a reserve
fund for use during times of CONNER
cial crisis there would be n sufficient
fund OF $2S5,0O0.OOO in this reserve
to employ one-tenth OF The total
working population employed in
trade, transportation. manufacturing
and mechanical pursuits for a period
of twelve weeks, at wage equal for
all classes of labor and for all ages
I to the average weekly earnings of
the wage-earners of the country as
shown by best available information
Brain Institute Needed.
DR.. Owen Copp, superintendent OF
the Pennsylvania hospital, West phil
ndelphia. Pa. who formerly had the
direction Of the entire system of care
of the insane in the state of Massa-
chusetts told the conference there
was great need Of brain institute