Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1916-07-02
ALL AROUND THE PLACE.

may attack perfectly healthy trees.
The beetles bore into the bark and sap
wood. where they eat vertical galleries
or brood chambers, into which the 1e-
males lay their eggs. The bored holes
are about the size of No. 6 shot The
adult beetle is about one-tenth men
long. by a third as wide. and uniformly
black in color. Trees or parts OF trees
seriously attacked by the pest are
usually hopeless. Gum exudes from the
holes of the beetles. and as the young
develop into adults they eat their way
out. Another injury by the insect Is
caused by their habit of attacking
small twigs in early spring by bur-
rowing into the base of bud
The most effective means OF control
is cutting out all dead and diseased
wood. Oftentimes a single limb of a
good tree is attacked; in such case the
whole limb should be removed ana
burned. Slightly affected trees should
be literally fertilized.
The use of thick lime sulphur solu-
ton painted over the holes viii serve
to control the pest. also kerosene emui-
sion soaked into the holes VIII XIII the
insect. but usually the best treatment
is the removal of attacked parts. Clean
culture and keeping the trees In
healthy condition is the best preventive
of this as well as many other SINH
lar pests,
Plant lice (aphids) attack every
growing crop. but the insects are 50
small and their attacks so insldioCS
that they are usually overlooked until
most of the damage is done. Curling
of leaves and the whiting of terminal
leaves and shoots is generally indica-
tive of plant lice infestations
Tobacco extracts must be counted
upon as the best summer contract
sprays for general use on sucking in
sects. such as orchard and truck crop
plant lice, whose control offers one of
the greatest problems with which the
growers have to contend.
There are three orchard plant lice
that are of major importance to Mary
land; namely. the green aphis. which
usually infest new growth rather late
in the season: the rosy apple aphis,
so called because of its reddish hue.
which infest fruit buds. and the oat
aphis, which is usually found around
the swelling buds and which appears
before either Of the others. The rapid
ity with which these pests multiply
necessftates prompt measures for their
suppression.
Orchards that are sprayed extremely
late In the spring are usually kept
practically free of the oat and rosy
aphis by this dormant spray, because
there are usually sufficient warm days
in the spring to hatch aphis eggs before
it is too late to spray. Spraying
in the spring as late as practical is
recommended. If late lime. sulphur ae-
plications are not practical, the grower
should use a separate spray of "black
leaf 49, at the rate of three-quarterS
Of pint to 100 gallons of water. to
which has been added three fifths of a
pound of soap. This mixture will cost
about S1.15 per 100 gallons. This should
be applied when the aphids have clus-
tered on the expanded buds. If later
applications are necessary. due to the
later Matching of eggs of the rosy and
green aphids. the black leaf 40' may
be combined with the cOddling moth
spray, but soap should be omitted in
lime sulphur combinations as it forms
an insoluble soap that will clog the
nozzles.