davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-29
Black shows the territory occupied by the Central Powers

divisions; into Pennsylvania she sent not
less than ten. Meantime she relied upon
Russian aid to defend the Dobrudja, with
the vital railroad from Bucharest TO Con-
stanza. which crosses the Danube at Ger
ravoda on the one bridge which spans the
great river between Belgrade and the sea.
We may conjecture that the Russians were
delayed in arriving; we do not know about
this.
But. whatever happened in the matter Of
the Russians, the action of the German
commander, Mackensen, was both swift
and along the lines expected. Gathering
I'd his seven or eight divisions, provided
with very heavy mobile artillery, he pushed
straight north, took Turtukan on the Dan
ube. less than forty miles south Of Bucha-
rest, and captured or destroyed the first Of
the two Rumanian divisions left in the
Dobrudia, and a day or two later sent the
second in wild fight from Silistria, twenty
niles down the river.
Here was a situation that could not be
neglected. It was now necessary 70 recall
from Pennsylvania some of the troops
which had been having a holiday parade
toward Hermannstadt and in the upper Alt
Valley. With hostile army almost within
range Of the Rumanian capital and threat
ening both a blow at the capital and
thrust across the vital railroad line TO
Constanza, the defence Of the Homeland
became more pressing than the invasion OF
the Promised Land.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-29
Peril at Home

By the second week in September, then
we have a patent slackening of the in
vasion Of Pennsylvania, stiffening OF
the resistance in the Dobrudja, where
Mackensen is temporarily halted ten miles
south Of the ConstanZa railroad. Two
things have happened. Rumanian troops
have been recalled from the north and
Russian troops have at last arrived from
the Russian territory beyond the Pruth
presumably some of them, at least, coming
hv boat from Odessa and Sebastopol, pos
siblv even from the Caucasus, and landing
at Constanza.
But now a new force appears. For the
first weeks there has been frank con
fession in Berlin and Vienna official state
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-29
Everybody Blundered

How shall one explain this approx
mate Disaster? There is, il seems, ne"
gory Of bungling and stupidity 70 be un-
folded, which viii bear unhappy resen-
blance 70 the stories Of Mesopotamia ana
GsilipoH II is again, not case Of some
body Numbered" but case Of everybody
laundering. 10 Judge from the little that
We know There has been British IAN
IRE IN the matter Of transport 70 supply
the sarrail army, which was left unpre'
pared ~ strike when the great moment
came. There has been Rumanian bmnde'-
ing, an obstinate insistenee upon tne IN
'asion Of Transylyania instead Of an AZ
laek upon the Teuto-Turk-Bulgar army
Al NE Quiet. A. for Russia, 1t seems IN
nlztaka5le that Russian aid has Deen
fatally slow in arriving in the DobruoJa
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-29
disappointment at Sslonica

As 70 that army Of Sarrail at Salonlca'
Of which 50 much was hoped, it has pushed
q Serbian column within sight Of Mon
sstir. but it has not succeeded, either about
Dorian or eastward about Sores, IN max
ing any substantial progress, and winter
is now coming 70 the Balkans and the
hope Of a thrust northward 70 that Berlin
enna-Constantinople railroad which IS
the spinal column Of the Central Powers
seems 70 have gone glimmering for anoth-
er year.
We are. then, in the presence OF re-
verse, Of a disappointment, as complete as
ttat which came 20 the Allies when at
last they perceived that Gallipoli was not
70 fan. that Constantinople was 10 remain
Nahonetan, that the osmanli were sun
70 hold the seward gates 20 Russia ana
TIA. the campaign which had opened with
reh splendid prospects Of the destruction
Of Turkey and the enlistment Of all the
Balkan states. had ended in the defeat OF
the British and French armies and heets'
he crushing of Serbia and the enlistment
Of Bulgaria under German and not Allied
eolors.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-29

and that this hardness explains much OF
Mackensen's success.
Let US take the Rumanian failure, for it
was the most important; When at last Ru-
mania decided to strike she had to deal
with two problems. Northward, Transyl-
vania was practically empty Of German
and Austrian troops, and the great prov
ince across the mountains, with its hun
dreds Of thousands of Rumanian popula-
ton. lay undefended. For weeks, for a
month, at the least, it was fair guess that
the Central Powers would be unable to
send troops TO defend this province.
Thither ambition, opportunity, racial aspi-
ration beckoned.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-29
The Transylvania Invasion

But to the south, in the corner Of Bull
garia between the Danube and the Black
Sea and facing the province Rumania had
taken from Bulgaria in the second Balkan
war. was an army composed mainly Of Bull
oars. but containing Turks and German
artillery. This army had been watching
the Black Sea coast of Bulgaria against a
possible invasion by Russia, coming from
Odessa and Sebastopol. 1t consisted OF
seven or eight divisions, perhaps 10000
havonets. 1t could not be heavily rein
forced at once, because the balance Of the
pplgarian army was occupied against the
Salonjca army and the Turkish troops were
far away and lacking in easy communica-
tons.
Rumania was able 10 put in the field
very promptly a force Of not much less
than 100000. and Russian troops were
either ready or coming up. Every consld-
GRAFTON Of sound strategy, as contrastec
with sentimental appeal, demanded that
this Bulgar army should be disposed OF
before any serious effort was directed
northward. II this army were disposed o.
all Bulgaria would be open TO invasion
the army facing sarrail in Salonlca would
have 10 retreat over the mountains 10 save
Sofia and Northern Bulgaria. Thus inc
road 10 the Berlin-C onstantinoplc railway
would be opened and perhaps bulgarian
allegiance might be shaken.
Despite all the counsels Of the Allies we
are told, Rumania elected 20 20 north. In
the Dobrudja she left not more than two
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-29
A Brilliant German Success.

Last spring / wrote of the tremendous
moral lift that the French experienced
IN their victorious defence of Verdun. Il
brought hope and confidence to the whole
nation. 1t is hard 10 believe that the
shining success in the Balkans will fall
short of giving the German people the
same sort of lift" Il comes at an op-
perfume moment; it destroys the moral eff
feet Of the long procession of Allied sue
cesses East and West, beginning in Volhy-
ria and Gaicia, extending through the
Somme advance and including the capture
Of Gorilla. None Of these successes, what
ever their eventual effect, has been so i'm
mediately complete or so instantly unmis-
taxable as the dissipation Of Allied hopes
ia the Balkans by the joint successes Of
Mackensen and Falkenhayn.
Actually the Germans have disposed Of
: new danger and new foe in brilliant
fashion. This does not materially help
them in their position with respect to their
old foes: on the military side il may weak
en- them, because il has cost them men and
munitions; but, measured by its moral eff
feet, the Rumanian triumph has been the
biggest German success since Tannenberg
and it has come at an equally critical mo-
ment 1t also gives emphatic refutation to
the assertion that Germany possesses no
strategic reserve. Falkenhayn's army was
a strategic reserve; its very existence ar
CUES powerfully against the belief that
Germany has yet reached the end of her
man power.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-29

ments that the evacuation Of Transyl-
vania south Of the Maros was in progress;
there have been reports of the fleeing OF
Hungarian and Saxon populations, and
Bucharest has announced a monotonous
succession of villages, towns and even
cities which have received Rumanian may
ors and been rejoined to the Roman faith
erland. In the closing days Of September,
however, Vienna and Berlin again become
exultant.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-29
Hindenburg's New
Campaign Against
Russia May Strike
North from Ru-
mania Toward
Odessa.
Copyright i9i6-The Tribune Assn.

fend the front. If, instead Of following the
great circle of the Rumanian frontier from
Kronstadt west to the Danube, where Ser
bia, Hungary and Rumania meet, and then
east by the Danube TO the Dobrudja, the
front were straight line south from
Kronstadt to the Danube, several hundred
miles would be cut off the extent OF the
front, and this would reduce very greatly
The task Of the Central Powers il they are
to stand on the defensive.
On the other hand, if the Central Powers
are now able to crush Rumania and then
support an offensive, we may before spring
see the combined forces of Mackensen and
Falkenhayn moving eastward beyond the
Pruth into Russia and aiming at Odessa,
Russia's chief port upon the Black Sea.
Such a thrust would threaten the whole
Russian line from the Baltic southwark
and it would abolish all peril of Russian
advance in Galicia.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-29
Russia the Objective

We must now bear in mind that German
strategy, under the direct control Of Hin
denburg, is turning toward new campaign
against Russia. All that we can hear from
Berlin, all the German sympathizers in this
country say, suggests that Berlin has new
rope Of persuading Russia, probably after
new disasters, to make separate peace
And the true line of attack would, it seems
to me, be toward Odessa, with the line Of
the Danube as a line of communications
from Austria to the Black Sea.
Rumanian resistance may hold north and
south of the capital. The German attack
may wear itself out in the Transylyanian
Alps and at the crossings of the Danube;
but it is well to recall that, thanks to the
same heavy artillery that he has now used
effectively in the Dobrudja, Mackensen
forced the crossings of the Danube into
Serbia last year. And we may yet lind
that the apparent check to the Germans in
the mountains is only temporary; that, in
fact, the Germans are raining alternat-
ing blows, first from the north and then
from the south, and thus confusing their
foe and keeping him weakening first one
front and then the other.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-29
Can Rumania Be Saved?

The situation of Rumania at the mo-
ment write, on Monday night, is plainly
critical. There is no longer any question
of an invasion either of Bulgaria or Tran
sylvania. We have now TO see not wheth-
'er Germany can save Turkey and the
Balkans, but whether Russia can save
Rumania. The main stake in the latest
game, the control of the Berlin CONSTANT
.nople railroad, has been won by the Ger
inans. Six weeks ago we wondered if the
Allies in Salonica would be able TO push
north and join the Russians and Ruman-
ians coming south across the Danube.
Now the question is whether Mackensen
and Falkenhayn can meet in the Ruman-
ian Plain. Here is a really brilliant sue
cess won in the face of the most unprom-
sing prospects. German strategy has new
er done anything better, and it is fair to
say that none Of the long list of Allied
blunders has been more complete.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-29
The Rumanian Collapse

And now, within the space Of six weeks
We have seen the end of the Rumanian
offensive. a collapse even more complete
than that of the French offensive in Al
SAGE and Lorraine in August, 1915. We
Rave seen a fresh Germany army under
Falkenhayn push out of the darkness OF
Hungary southwark, sweeping before 1t
the routed Rumanian armies and passing
the old Rumanian frontier. and we have
seen another victorious army, under Mack
ensen, push up into the Dobrudja, cut the
Bucharest-Constanza railroad and take
Constanza, as well as Silistria and Turtu-
kan. We have heard the appeal Of Fer
dinand Of Rumania, unhappily recalling
the similar appeals of Albert Of Belgium
and Peter Of Serbia, which preceded the
occupation Of their lands by German IN
vaders.
Six weeks ago there was general dis
cussion of a change of alliance by Bull
garia. Of the change Of heart Of Con-
stantine and of the entrance of Greece into
the ranks Of the foes of the Central Pow
ers. But in the six weeks Bulgaria has
recovered another lost province, the Do
hrudia, added one more fraction TO that
Greater Bulgaria which was in the hearts
e all Bulgars from the date Of the Treaty
e San Stefano onward. In the same time
the Allies have found it necessary to oc-
cupv Athens and disarm Greece TO escape
a blow in the rear.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1916-10-29
Allied BlunderS DeS'
troy High Hopes in
/ Balkans and Ger
manyWi ms Great
est Success Since
Tannenberg.
By FRANK II. SIMONDS,
Author of The Great War" They Shall
Not Pass"

In war, as in most other things, the real
measure Of defeat is more often found in
the nature of the hopes that had been en-
tertained for victory than in the actual
consequences of the defeat. Thus, in the
Rumanian disaster, the real appraisal Of
Allied reverse is to be found in the great
hopes entertained in all the Allied capitals,
when, at last, after two years Of waiting,
the Bucharest government finally cast its
lot with the enemies Of Germany.
The Rumanian decision was accepted as
proof Of things suspected, the confirmation
Of conclusions already drawn from actual
events, but even more the demonstration
of a collapse within Austria-Hungary,
which was, as yet, only matter of con-
lecture. The world, neutral and belliger-
ent alike, reasoned that Rumania would
not make her decision until she saw vic
tory assured; that she would rush u the
succour of the victor" as the French had
phrased it, and when she entered the war
il was assumed that the end, if not actu-
ely in sight, was still foreshadowed
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1916-01-14
Practical FARMING.
Helpful Facts Gathered from Reliable Sources
Of Interest to Montana Farmers i: :: : =:
NOTE) If you have any idea TO offer to the other readers Dr. wish
anything to appear in these columns kindly send il. in
over the quality of the bread.

lower the quality of the bread.
In a considerable percentage of the
wheat samples examined, the pres
ence of rye was said to be due prob
ably to the fact that the seed used
in sowing the wheat contained rye. It
is not %infrequent for rye to scatter
during harvest and to produce in this
way a volunteer crop. If wheat is
sown on land which was planted in
rye the previous season, this volun-
teer crop of rye is harvested with the
wheat. Partial winter-killing of the
wheat increases the percentage of the
rye, because the latter grain is not
so susceptible to winter-killing as the
former.
Corn cookie, although less frequent
in wheat than rye, has a more in
furious effect. The presence of even
/ per cent of this seed in wheat is
likely to lower the price to the farm
er and certainly lowers the baking
quality of the flour. Corn cookie is
ar exceedingly prolific annual weed,
a single plant having been known to
yield as high as $500 seeds. Further
more, this seed is of such shape and
size that it is difficult to separate
it from the wheat. The weed is wide
,ly distributed over the United States
and is especially abundant in sec
tions producing soft red winter,
spring, and Durum wheat. Every
farmer, therefore, should strive to
prevent it's obtaining a foothold on his
farm.
Corn cookie seed is particularly OBJ
jectionable in wheat because it con-
tains a poisonous element known as
saponin or sapotoxin. This has been
found at times to do considerable in
jury to young chickens and stock
when fed wheat screenings.
OF the other impurities examined
kinghead, sometimes known as great
ragweed, is frequently found in wheat
in quantities as high as 3 or 4 pc,
cent. Under such circumstances the
flour contains black specks and the
color and texture of the bread are
seriously affected. Even as small ar
amount as l per cent of kingheac
seed is noticeable in flour. Vetcl
seed also alters the color of the flour
giving it a yellowish appearance as
we'll as a noticeable odor of vetch.
AS has already been stated, the
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1916-01-14

much trouble, writes w. F. Purdue in
tie National Stockman. Indeed. in many
instances, colts which have learned to
eat at an early age will practically
wean themselves IL one will give them
regular feeds Of oats and bran right
along. All colts should be taught to
eat crushed oats and to nibble at hay
as soon as they a be induce to do 80.
After weaving the colt ought to have
the II Of a good pasture until the ar.
rival Of chilly weather. though 1t
should be provided with shelter for
chilly days and nights. The colt re-
Quires liberal feeding In connection
with it's pasturage the irst season. A
pound Of grain daily for each 100
pounds Of live weight should be given.
A good ration by weight is one-fourth
corn. o%ne-fourth bran and one-half
oats or one-fourth corn, three-fourths
oats. Crushed oats are more efficient
than whole oats for the colt. 1t is not
wise to feed very much corn to the
growing colt at any time, as it is too
fattenlng in its nature. In late fall
as the pasture grass grows short it
should be supplemented with good
clover or timothy hay, all the colt will
eat. There Is no danger to the wind Of
the colt in feeding clover hay If it is
bright and clean. Moldy hay, Of
course. should not be given to horses
OF any age. The colt at pasture should
be provided with an abundance Of
nyryn NVfrEinsr vYvnk~ "a chl , -
it cannot be arranged to have water
accessible to the colt all the time turn
1t to the water trough just as regular
y as the work horses are turned tn
water.
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1916-01-14
THE GLASGOW COURIER

presence of any one of these impure
ties is very likely to reduce the price
the farmer receives for his wheat. Not
only is the price per bushel usually
less, but there may also be a "dock-
age" charge. Dockage is a trade term
for the amount deducted or account
of the presence of foreign material
from the gross weight of the wheat.
For example, if a load Of SO bushels
of wheat is found to contain 2 pounds
of foreign matter per bushel, 100
pounds is deducted from the lot for
"dockage." The owner is paid, not
for so bushels, but for so bushels less
100 pounds, or 10 bushels and 20
pounds of wheat.
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1916-01-14
IN WHEAT.

The results of recent tests by the
department indicate that the pres
ence in wheat of more than 2 per cent
Of what are known to millers as Gin
s%eparable impurities" lessons the val
ue Of the wheat for milling and bak-
ing purposes. This fact has been roc
ognized in general commercial prac-
tice, for wheat containing a noticeable
amount of impurities brings a lower
price per bushel than other wheat.
The experiment conducted by the
department Of agriculture are dis
cussed in detail in bulletin No. 1928.
They included tests of the effect of
rye, kinghead, corn cookie, and wild
vetch seed in wheat in various quaint
ties. Of these substances, rye occurs
the most frequently, being found in
SO per cent of the samples of hard
winter wheat examined by the inves-
tigators and in 80 per cent of the
spring wheat. In n instance a farm
er's wheat crop contained 1913 per
cent of rye. On this account the
farmer received 8 cents less pei
bushel than the normal price.
In regard to the quantity of rye
necessary to exert an injurious effect
upon the quality of wheat, there is a
difference of opinion among millers.
Some believe that when the percent
age of rye is less than s., the flour
or bread is not noticeably affected
while others have held that 2 per
cent is Objectionable. The govern
ment Investigators found that 2 pei
cent or more of rye is sufficient to
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1916-01-14
PAYING TAXES CHEERFULLY.

HIA4>N Ed Nf1ECNr JILL 1.
Oh, let US wear the cheerful grin,
and mugs that shine like new made
tin, when we are paying taxes, it's
customary then to scowl, and lean
against a fence and howl, and
brandish battle axes But since it
doesn't pay to roar what is the use
of acting sore, as though bereft of
senses? Why not produce u little
rolls and say it warns our hearts
and souls, to help to pay expenses?
'Twere better far to sing and smile
as we cough up u meagre pile, to
keep the wheels Affirming, twill help
us on a future day, when, in the good
o~ld-fashioned way, for public trusts
we're yearning. Some day to make
your store increase, you'll run for
justice of the peace, or something Of
that nature, or you may higher yet
aspire, and through the press voice
your desire to join the legislature.
Then. if you always raised a bawl
when paying taxes in the fall, the
story will confound you; you'll see
true patriots arise to dot you one
between the eyes, and flash their
knives around you.
WALT MASON.
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1916-01-14
FEEDING FOR WINTER EGGS.

1t is a good plan to map out a regu-
lar system of feeding the flock during
winter. In the morning scatter wheat,
oats and some coarse cracked corr in
the litter and make the fowls work
for their feed. This active exercise
produces warmth and keeps them
busy. The active hens are the best
egg producers.
For green feed give them beets,
turnips, mangels OF cabbage. The
hens are very partial to beets. If you
have none of these, make a home
made oat sprouter and feed them
green oats. 1t is an ideal green feed
and demands little work in prepara-
ton. You al sprout oats in your
cellar without artificial heat.
The oats must he soaked overnight
in a burlap bag placed in warm water,
then spread out about an inch thick
in low boxes, or old pans with punched
nail holes in bottom for water to drip
away. They must be spripkled daily,
and kept covered the first few days
with burlap to keep them darkened.
When the sprouts are about three
inches long, you can break off chunks
and feed daily to the hens.
The evening meal should comprise
three-fourths corn, some buckwheat
and oats, and be scattered about 4:3O
p. M, so the fowls will have plenty OF
time to fill their crops before they go
to roost. A good filling of corr will
go far toward keeping the hens warm
on the coolest nights in the fresh air
houses.
For a dry mash to be kept constant
ly before them in feed hoppers, a
mixture Of equal parts of bran,
ground oats and middlings, with a
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1916-01-14

Probably no other breed of draft
horse has made such progress az
has the Belgian during tho past
twenty-five years. Rigid selection,
good feeding and general ARE have
been the dominant factors to bring
this about. Shires have more
height than Belgians. but less ro-
tundity of build. SO that weights
run about the same. Both these
breeds are excellent for draft pur-
poses. The Belgian stallion shown
is owned in Ohio and Is a fine spec
linen.
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1916-01-14
WEAVING THE COLT.

Youngsters Should Be Taken From
Dams At Five Months Of Age.
The young colt should be weaned
when between five and six months of
age, as it L. detrimental to both colt
and mare for the colt to suckle after
this period has passed; especially If
the mare is in foal again. II the colt
has been properly handled previous to
this time. the weaving will not be
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1916-01-14

small amount of meat scraps, and a
little sprinkling of salt, makes a very
desirable feed. With a feed of whole
corr at night, we close the day with
a balanced ration.