Five Mile Beach weekly journal., 1916-03-24
Expert Advice For the
Automobile Owner
Queries and Replies Covering Matters of
Importance to the Man Who Runs a Car

At what temperature will a storage
battery freeze?
The electrolyte in a battery will
freeze at the following temperatures:
Specific gravity 1,12o, battery empty. 20
above zero.
Specific gravity 1.16O. battery three
quarters discharged, at zero.
Specific gravity 1910, battery one-half
discharged, at 20 below zero.
Specific gravity 1850, battery one-fourth
discharged, at so below zero.
Specific gravity 1.2S0. battery full, 70 be-
low zero.
There is a knock in the differential
of my car. After washing out the
housing | noticed a piece of steel
lodged between the teeth of the large
beveI gear. Last week a similar piece
produced a knock. On observing the
large bevel gears through the pipe plug
hole | cannot detect the wear, but am
unable to examine the small pinion
without disassembling the housing.
End play in the axle is not over one
thirty second of an inch as tested by
lacking up the wheels. Heretofore
fabricated the differential with steam
cylinder oil, 600 w, and am now using
light motor oil. The car runs well, and
wouid like to know whether should
continue using it or have the differ
entail housing disassembled?
The differential housing should be
disassembled Immediately for the pur-
pose of determining what is giving
way in the gears. From the explana-
ton you give 1t would seem that the
gears had become Clipped, which will
result very often from careless ham
ding of the car-that is, by dropping
In the clutch when the motor Is speed
ed or by applying the brakes heavily.
1t can also be produced by metal ia
tigue, due to long service.
What would be the cause of the
second speed gear slipping out when
pulling up a hill? have deepened the
notch in the shifter rod and also tight
ened the %plunger spring, but without
success.
1t is probable that the second speed
plunger has become worn and needs
replacing, and 1t may also be that the
spring has become weakened and needs
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spring.
Why is it detrimental to a storage
battery to take solution from one cell
and put it in another?
When the solution in the cells of a
storage battery gets below the top of
the plates under normal como. ions the
loss of electrolyte is due to evapora-
ton of the water. The acid does not
evaporate; hence all that is needed is
the addition of more pure water to
bring the gravity of the solution to its
| correct amount. But If you refill with
the solution from another cell you are
adding acid as well as water, and this
makes a solution which has too much
acid in proportion to the amount Of
water. Furthermore, If you take acid
from one cell and put it In another
you are robbing the first cell, as all
must have their plates covered CON
pletely.
If change a one and one-fourth inch
carburetor to a one and one-half, will
1t increase speed without making the
intake manifold larger?
This depends entirely on how well
the present size of carburetor and size
and design of manifold are adapted to
the engine in question. Ordinarily
when the carburetor for touring Is re-
placed by one of larger size more speed
results.
Kindly inform me of the relative
merits of the several types of gasoline
feed. So far as | know there are three
types-gravity, vacuum and force feed
by air pressure. have air pressure
feed and am always uneasy about leaks
developing. Can one feel more secure
with other types, or is he warranted
in feeling greater security?
Gravity feed, though usually efici-
ent in level districts, sometimes fails
to give best results when ascending
steep grades. Even if entirely efficient,
gravity feed requires location of the
main gasoline tank either in the cowl
or under the front seat, locations both
dangerous and inconvenient.
Pressure feed requires an elaborate
system of tubing and pressure pump
and needs constant attention on the
part of the driver. Leaks are frequent.
Its construction permits carrying the
gasoline tank in the rear, where it be-
longs, while at the same time forces
the gasoline to the carburetor faster
than needed, resulting In waste be-
cause of unconsumed gas.
Vacuum feed permits carrying the
main gasoline tank in the right place
that is, in the rear-and carries gas
oline unfailingly to the %carburetor
without attention. A saving of gaso-
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