davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01

I12 inches wide for the floor Of the
nests, arranging each floor so that 1t
will slide on cleats and can be easily
removed and cleaned. The nests are
usually built in tiers against the rear
| wall of the pen, extending from the
! floor to or feet high, but they may
also be placed on the side walls. All
partitions should be solid to the top
of the nests but it is advisable to use
wire netting above the nests for VEN
tilation.
Some breeders use nest pans made
of wood, wood fiber or earthenware
from 8 to inches deep, and
s to 10 inches in diameter, which
may be secured to board slightly
larger than the nest pan or set directly
in the nest box, II 1t is Of heavy mate
rial. Some breeders claim that earth
enware nests are too cold In winter.
Some do without pans by putting
3-inch strip on the front Of the nest
to retain the nesting material. Short
pieces OF hay straw, pine needles, ana
tobacco stems are used for nesting
material. This is kept in an open
crate or In corner Of the house
where pigeons select and build their
own nests.
Pigeon eggs are usually fertile II the
pigeons are healthy and properly fed
especially when they have free range.
One SQUAD usually the male) fire.
quently matches first, and where there
are several cases where one SQUAD
outgrows its nest mate, 1t may be ad-
visable to sort the squads in the nests,
making the pairs as uniform as pos
sible in size and age. If the parent
bird dies the squads may sometimes
be removed to nest where there Is
only one squad, or they may be fed
artficially, although this process takes
considerable time. tq ~
Roosts of various sizes, usually ar
ranged in perpendicular rows, are
placed at convenient points In theE|
PEN A good type CT roost is A.
shaped, made Of two boards about 5
inches wide and 6 or Z inches long,
placed directly over each other so
that the pigeons will not soil one an
other with their droppings. If hop
pers or. feed troughs are used they
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01

| should be of good size, Write the hon.
pers should be constructed 50 that
the pigeons can not waste the grain
easily by throwing It onto the floor.
f.ountalns or pans with doats in which
the pigeons can not battle are best
adapted for drinking vessels. while a
administrations pan from to 1 in.
ches deep and is to 20 inches in diam
eter makes good bath pan.
Many varieties Of grains are used In
feeding pigeons. A good mixture Of
staple grains may be made OF equal
parts BY weight Of cracked corn, hard
red wheat. kanr corn, and Canada
peas, with q small quantity GO per
cent? Of hemp and millet seed added
during the, molttng period. Other
grains which may be substituted for
or added to these are peanuts, oats
or hulled oats. buckwheat, Egyptian
corn. barley cowpeas, and milo mai,s,
while small quantity Of stale bread,
rice, rape, millet, canary. vetch. and
sunf1ower seed may be fed for variety.
Canada peas are EXPENSIVE, but seem
to be essential to the best results. es-
pec1ally during the breeding season.
and apparently take the place of green
feed to some extent. Peanuts are be-
ing used to some extent In place of
Canada peas. Green feed, such as cut
clover, alfalfa and grass, lettuce, and
plantain leaves may be fed to adj
vantage. but is not absolutely essen
tial.
A variety Of good hard grains IL
essential to success, and grains which
are In poor condition should not be
fed. : Old grains which are hard are
better than new soft grains, especially
for pigeons with squads. Red wheat
is considered better than white wheat
by many pigeon breeders. Good
wheat screenings are often fed with
success, as they usually contain va
riety Of seeds. Various stimulating
seeds, such as lentils and vetch, are
som etimes fed as tonic to breeding
birds during the melting period.
The grain may be fed on the floor
of the pen, in troughs.. or kept before
the birds in hoppers. It IS not gem
orally considered advisable to feed the
grain on the ground, especially on
heavy soil where 1t may get wet and
moldy. Unless the floor IL kept clean
it is better to feed the grain In troughs
than on the floor. The troughs should
be made so that the pigeons will not
roost on them and soil the feed with
their droppings. Hoppers ~are used
with good success but may attract
rats in some pigeon houses They
should be fitted with wires or nails
about 2 inches apart 10 that the pig
cons can not waste the feed by throw.
ing It out onto the floor. II the grain
is not fed in hoppers the pigeons
be fed twice daily, in the morn
ing and in the afternoon, at regular
hours, giving from ~ to 2 quarts OF
grain at each meal to 20 pairs OF pig
cons and adding an extra pint II the
pigeons have many squads. Tho
feeder must regulate the quantity OF
grain according to tho appetite OF the
birds, giving them all they will clean
up in one to two hours. % |
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01

that the mothers assistance was neces.
sary. A few years later the motle,
and daughter were caring for 500 lay.
ing hens, while the head of the house.
hold had another flock Of 200 laying
hens for which he was individually re.
sponsible.
In the early days. chickens, pigs and
COWS were all kept in the same stable
the chickens being kept in double
deck over the pigsty As the older
boys went away to college. the poultry
business gradually. replaced the dairy
to certain extent, the work being
lighter and the remuneration greater.
At the present time the equipment for
managing poultry is hardly surpassed
on any poultry farm In the country
Aside from the management Of the
poultry, the work Of this farm Is done
by men, including. the owner who. in
addition, takes the entire care Of 200
hens. The dairy herd consists Of SO
cows. Since 1905 some hired labor
has been employed, the wages paid
being $50 to $40 q month with board
and lodging.
The hours of labor on the Blanchard
farm are as follows:
8 to a. m.-Feeding, milking and
separating the milk.
to 8 a. m.-Breakfast n
s to $3.50 a. Unstable work, the
cows being turned out to water while
the stables are cleared.
$3.50 a. m. to ~ m.-General farm
work.
II m. to l p. m.--Dinner.
q l to a p. m.--General farm work. -
4to p. m.-Chores, including milk
ing. s4a 5.. ...s
farm was $4,000 year; 1t is con-
siderably larger now, showing what
splendid things can be accomplished
If one but has the will. Il
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01

I In 1887 the owner Of the new farm
gave up his connection with the iron
company. At that time the farm
would not support the family. A good
| team and wagon enabled him to earn
! something by hauling timber and
lumber for farmers who were clearing
and building. He did such work for
others as a means of supplying his
family with the necessaries and COM
forts Of life. From the first he kept
one or two cows, and In 1890 he had
six or seven descended from the old
family COW and two others he had
bought. The year before this he sold
his first butter, put up in handmade
rolls and taken to market in a bucket
, A piece of good fortune, the second
year, made life comparatively easy the
succeeding winter, for in the spring
he planted acres of potato0s, which
made a good crop. AS this was a
famine year for potatoes. he, was able
to sell his entire crop at 2 n to cents
a pound. Potatoes were planted again
the next year, but the price was low
and little profit was made. Finding
ready sale at fair prices for the small
quantity of butter made the third
year, he sold more the next year, and
thereafter developed the dairy bust
ness as fast as conditions would per-
NIT. The neighboring farmers were
astonished when he attempted to keep
COWS on so small farm; they said
it could not be done. Nevertheless, in
1899, he had SO cows in milk, raising
all the roughage for these and for the
necessary bulls, young stock, and work
horses, besides some grain for the
poultry. A cream separator was in
stalled in 1891.
In that same year one of the
daughters embarked in the poultry
business. Three years later this bust
ness had grown to such proportions
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01

Production and Size Are the Fac
] tors Determining the Food Require
+ mems Of Dairy Cows. The Amounts
n bf Drs Matter and DigcstibIc Protein
Sitoufd Increase in Proportion to the
u PrOE;;c. iGgl of Buttcrfat.
sS roots. CT concentrates it has been
S!ounG i good working rule to feed
s@as MANY pounds of grain feeds per
Il lay to each COW as she produces
pounds OF butterfat week, or one
n 'ourth to one-third as much grain as
"a the gives pounds of milk daily the
& lmount depending upon the per cent
apf butter fat in the milk. In the case
\ # cows producing milk with a low
{ Der cent of fat, one-fOurth would be
acquired. Care should always be taken
10 avoid an increase in body weight
LbOye the normal for each COW, since
Il he milk secretion, as a general rule,
q s likely to suffer when cows COM
hence to utilize their feed for the
ormation of body fat.
g It follows from what has been said
hat no two cows in the herd can be
ed exactly alike under this system Of
\ eeding. Each cow must receive in
4 tyidual attention and be fed accord
ing to her special requirements. 1t is
,ossible however, to lessen the labor
Incident to regulating the feed supply
IN accordance with the requirements
the individual cows by adapting a
eneral grain mixture which will
erye the needs of most of the cows in
ne herd. This may be placed in
art and weighed or measured out
rom the same to each cow in the
table.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01

cats and dogs, and tho excellent sport
they furnish hunters, they sometimes
become 80 abundant as to occasion
serious losses, especially dszing the
winter, In sections of tho country
where there Is SUFFICIENT snowfall to
cut of their supply Of favorite food
heritage Of all sorts.
The majority Of eastern stakas pro-
tect rabbits during the greater part Of
the year, although many Of these
states have provisions enabling farm
ers and fruit growers to destroy
the animals in order to protect their
crops and trees. Trapping is very ef-
fective. A simple, practical trap may
be easily made which will catch many
rabbits. Thus will the opportunity for
damage be lessened, and q. very pa
latable food for the table be oheaply
supplied. If one is near enough to good
market, the boys may make consider-
able money by trapping rabbits to sell;
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01

An average days work with two
horse walking Dlow is a little less
than 1 y acres, while an average days
work for a three-horse sulky pillow is
between 2 and IN acres.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01
Trap the Rabbits

Cottontail rabbits occur throughout
the greater portion Of the United
States, and sometimes do considerable
harm to young fruit and ornamental
trees and shrubs. They breed rapidly
and in spite Of the inroads made upon
their number by predatory animals.
such as the larger hawks and owls,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01

Not until we can feel as sorry for
a neighbor whose cow choked to
death on a turnip, as we would if she
belonged to us, can we claim to be
unselfish.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01

ern or southeastern exposure Is best.
Care should be taken to construct
house that can not easily become in
tested with rats, and it is best to leave
space under the house into which cats
and dogs can go for rats without being
able to get at the pigeons. This Is
usually accomplished by building the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01

In the Poultry Houses on this WASH
ington Farm Scrupuious Cleanliness is
Observed. Droppings Boards are Easily
Removed for Cleaning. The Roosts
Are All Hung from the Rafters and
Do Not Touch the Side Walls. This
Helps Keep the Fowls Free from YER
min.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01

Change the location OF flowers and
vegetables in the garden each year To
do so makes the garden more attrac-
tive and gives the plants better
chance.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01
A Rule for Feeding Cows

In the management Of the modern
Hairy it should be the aim to surround
the cows with conditions most, con-
aucive to large and economical pro-
.duction of milk and butterfat in each
Individual case. Each COW should re-
sseiye as much roughage as she will eat
up clean and a portion Of this should
.prefera bly, be of a succulent nature,
like grass, silage, soiling crops, or
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01

Some people think it is a great joke
on little man to have big wife, but
If the little man loves his big wife,
and she adores him, the joke is on the
other folks.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01

Some men succeed because they in.
herit wealth with which to overcome
adverse circumstances; but the man
who makes good with only his brain
and his hands as his capital Is the
real thing.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01

How quickly we become tired Of the
man who is forever claiming our SYM
pathy. A sore toe may hurt terribly
but we do not care to have it held up
to our view all Of the time.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01

Burning vegetation, where possible,
will destroy many insects.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01
Expensive Building Not Necessary.

Expensive Building Not Necessary.
1t is not necessary to put up an expensive
building to start SQUAD raising. The above
shows how an old outbuilding may be utilized
for pigeons by beginner at triaing expense.
me wire netting to form, the. flying pen. in
above ricture cost $1.25. A flying per. 10 feet
high Is feet wide and extending out from the
building 20 feet is built with $50 square feet Of
two.inch wire netting, costing about s.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1916-04-01

In that same year one of the
daughters embarked in the poultry
business. Three years later this bust
ness had grown to such proportions
The Rice belt journal. (Welsh, Calcasieu Parish, La.) 1900-19??, 1916-03-03
Proved His Case.

Human nature is mighty uuee,
isn't IT," he observed to the oths
man on the rear platform Of the stres
car.
Yes, l suppose So" replied IN
other.
People are too sensitive-altd
gether too sensitive"
We'll, do. For instance, now vol
have q red nose. You are not u
blame for 1t, perhaps, but you are 4
sensitive that If | should offer you
remedy for It YOU"
"You old loafer, I've good mini
to knock your head off," Missed al
red-nosed man as he squared of.
Told you So" replied the other d
he dropped of. Human nature Is t
queerest burned thing on earth, AMI
some folks are so sensitive that they
swallow their false teeth rather thai
let anyone know they had 'em."-Dd
troit Free Press.
The Rice belt journal. (Welsh, Calcasieu Parish, La.) 1900-19??, 1916-03-03

Ugh! Calomel makes you sick. Iahe
q dose of the vile, dangerous drug to-
night and tomorrow you may lose a
days work.
CalCmel Is mercury or quicksilver
which causes necrosis Of the bones.
Calomel, when it comes into contact
with sour bile crashes into 1t, break
ing it up. This is when you feel that
awful nausea and cramping. II you
feel sluggish and "all knocked out" II
your liver Is torpid and bowels consti-
pated or you have headache, dizziness
coated tongue, if breath Is bad or
stomach sour, just try spoonful OF
harmless Dodson's Liver Tone.
Here's my guarantee-Go to any
drug store or dealer and get 50-cent
bottle Of Dodson's Liver Tone. Take
O spoonful tonight and II 1t doesn't
The Rice belt journal. (Welsh, Calcasieu Parish, La.) 1900-19??, 1916-03-03
cAL.ONEL. MAKES YOU SICK, UGH!
IT'S MERCURY and SALIVA1}
srai1hten Up! Don't Lose Days Work. Clean Your SuuQS
Liver and Bowels With "DOdsOn' Liver Tone"

straighten you right up and mako -.
feel fine and vigorous by mornin IVY !,
want you to so back to the store a,
get your money. Dodson's Liver ~
is destroying the sale of calonal ~
cause it is real liver medicine; enn.
ly vegetable, therefore it cannot s.U
vate or make you sick.
| guarantee that one spoonful =,
Dodson's Liver Tone will put VIM,
sluggish liver to work and clean ,o.,
bowels Of that sour bile and con,a
pated waste which is clogging vor,
system and making you feel misersn,
I guarantee that bottle Of Dodso,,
Liver Tone will keep your entire FAM
lily feeling fine for months. Give Il h,
your children. 1t is harmless; does,,
grippe and they like its pleasant tsst,
The Rice belt journal. (Welsh, Calcasieu Parish, La.) 1900-19??, 1916-03-03
NICARAGUkN treaty IS
RATIFIED BY THE SENATE
Gives 99-Year Lease and an Option
Upon Canal Route and Naval Base
in Gulf of Fonseea,

Washington.-The senate Friday, by
vote Of 55 to 18, ratified the long
pending and persistently opposed Mic
araguan treaty, whereby The United
States would acquire q nlnety.nlne-
year option on the NiCaraguan canal
route and naval base in the gull CT
Fonseca for $3.0O10UO.
Included in the ratification resolu-
ton was provision declaring that the
United States In obtaining the naval
base does not intend to violate any ex-
listing rights in the FonseCa gulf of
Costa RIGA, Honduras and Salvador
which had protested against the pro
posed requirement.
Five democratic senators voted
against the treaty. They were Sena.
tors Chamberlain. MARITIME, Clarke OF
Arkansas, Thomas and Vardaman.
Republicans who voted against ratifi'
cation were Senators Borah, Clapp,
Cummins, Gronna, Jones, Kenyon, La
Toilette, MCCumber, Nelson, Norris,
Smith of Michigan, smoot and War.
rem. Fifteen republican senators join
ed tho administration forces in sup
port of the treaty. These were: Sen
ators Brandegee, Colt, Dillingham;, Du'
pont, Fall, Gallinger, Harding, Ltppit,
Lodge, Mclean, Page, Poindexter,
Sutherland, Wadswoith and Weeks.
Immediately after the senate had
acted, Senior Chammorro, the Nicara'
quail minister, said he would at once
communicate with his government and
that he expected ratification Of the
convention by his government would
soon follow and exchanges made to
pat the treaty in effect.
The Rice belt journal. (Welsh, Calcasieu Parish, La.) 1900-19??, 1916-03-03
PHYSICIAN OF THE OLD TIME
perhaps There Are Some Who VIII
Remember That They Were NOT
Afraid Of Him.

Doc Robinson never looked wise and
kept things to himself about case.
He'd let one tell him every little symp-
tom and listen respectfully, and he'd
never go and whip out one OF those
surveying instruments and 60 all over
patient as II he were laying out a
new state road. No! He'd crack
jokes, gossip delightfully."-, and sud.
denly turn around and ask Margaret
If that wasn't brand-new dress she
had on; feed little peppermint candies
to the children, and sit with several
on his knees while he talked. He
made his call pleasant affair. Every
one in house enjoyed It and got the
benefit Of it-eVen the invalid.
WELL" he'd say reluctantly, Kit
and I've got to jog along though It's
mighty comfortable sitting here by
your fire. We gotta go way out On
the Cedar Mill road" Smith
Dayton, in Cartoons Magazine.
The Rice belt journal. (Welsh, Calcasieu Parish, La.) 1900-19??, 1916-03-03
THICK, GLOSSY HAIR
FREE FROM DANDRUFE
eirisI eeautlfy Your t'alrl Make u
Soft, Fluffy and Luxuriant-Try
the Moist Cloth.

Try as you will, after an application
Of Danderine, you cannot find single
trace Of dandruif or falling hair and
your scalp will not itch, but what will
please you most, will be after few
weeks use, when you see new hair
fne and downy at first-yes-but real
~ new hair-growing all over the
scalp.
A little Danderine Immediately dou
bles the beauty Of your hair. No differ
enCe how dull, faded, brittle and
scraggy, just moisten a cloth with
Danderine and carefully draw It
through your hair, taking one small
strand at time. The effect is I'm
mediate and amazing-your hair will
be light, fluffy and wavy, and have an
appearance Of abundance; an incom.
parable luster, softness and luxurl
ance, the beauty and simmer OF trus
hair health.
Get a rs cent bottle Of Knowlton's
Danderine from any store and prove
that your hair Is as pretty and soft
as any-that 1t has been neglected or
injured by careless treatment-that'S
ell Adv.
The Rice belt journal. (Welsh, Calcasieu Parish, La.) 1900-19??, 1916-03-03
COULD NOT
LIE ON SIDE
And Had to Sleep With Head
High on Pillow, on Account Of
Suffering. Say, Cardui
Made Her Well.

Laurel, Mlss.-Mrs. Martha A. Cor
bin, r. +. D. 4, Of this place, writes;
81 am glad to write this letter and you
are welcome to use it,. In any way
you choose.
81 have had q soreness in my side 90
that | could not lie on it to sleep. The
back Of my head hurt me a great deal
too, so that / had to lie with my head
high on the pillow. Once a month |
would have a great deal Of back.
ache. Then l would suffer from
dizziness, which would be 30 bad !
could hardly sit up and would have a
very queer feeling In my head. The
nelghbors all advised me to have q
doctor, but | had heard a great deal OF
Cardui and decided to take that. l
swelled a great deal too. When
that first began on me would want to
stretch and when | would stretch, the
pain would run to my hips and Shout
ders.
But I began to take Cardui, and be.
fore / had taken a half bottle | began
10 feel better and the swelling began
10 90 down. The pain began to dimin.
lsh and by the time | had taken two
bottles / felt we'll enough to quit TAX
ing It. / think it Is the grandest
medicine that women can USE"
Take Cardui. For sale by all drug
Kista.
The Rice belt journal. (Welsh, Calcasieu Parish, La.) 1900-19??, 1916-03-03
Historical Records Lost.

There are two great nations OF an.
tiQuity whose inscriptions cannot yet
be read-the Etruscans and the Hit.
tites. The Etruscans occupied a part
Of Italy corresponding roughly to what
Is now known as Tuscany. The Hit
tites at cHe time occupied part Of
Palestine and united with the Canaan.
ties to resist the invasion by the
Israelites under Joshua. The Etrus-
can and Hittite inscriptions have thus
far resisted the attempts of scholars
to decipher them, though 10 one
knows when someone may stumble on
a bilingual inscription which will serve
as key, just as the Rosetta stone, dis
The Rice belt journal. (Welsh, Calcasieu Parish, La.) 1900-19??, 1916-03-03
Railroads income Heavier.

Austin, Tex-Income from opera
ton of railroads operating in Texas
for the six months ending December
81, 1915, showed an increase OF 26.44
per cent over the similar period for
the preceding year. 1t totaled $751;
613,453.5O, as compared with $685.
O72.14. Freight revenue increased ST.
9S6,S2772, totaling $41,3S9,3621O, or
7.78 per cent. Operating revenue in
creased $2,9O6 1926, or SIS per cent,
totaling $5S,956,835.S7 Operating ex'
penses decreased 6S,25S.8O, or 1872
per cent, totaling S42,343,3S237. Pas
senger train revenue showed a de-
crease of $50, 1879, a total Of $685.
491.04
The Rice belt journal. (Welsh, Calcasieu Parish, La.) 1900-19??, 1916-03-03
Letcher Returns to Chihuahua.

Ell Paso, Tex-Mining men and 9th
ers with interests in Mexico were no
titled Wednesday that the American
consulate at Chihuahua City which has
been closed since last autumn had
been reopened. Marion Letcher, the
consul who came to Ell Paso some
months ago under orders Of the Unit
ed States government, is again In
charge. His presence at Chihuahua
City, 1t was pointed out, was not, how
ever, to be taken as assurance that II
was safe for Americans to return to
that part Of Mexico. Government Off.
Gals, on the contrary, took occasion to
renew their advice to Americans to
stay out Of that part of the country.