davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1916-07-16

class Of moonshiners will begin to decorate
our federal prisons.
Each year a certain number of people
receive an innocent blank demanding
certain confidential information con-
cerning their private affairs. You fill
out the blanks, sometimes carefully,
more frequently carelessly, in most
cases treating yourself with thrifty in
diligence. Most people, after mailing
this communication. imagine that this
ends the matter. They have no con-
ception of the minute and painstaking
attention that this financial resume re-
ceives in Washington. In the Treasury
Building, in large room filed with
clerks, these inventories are carefully
studied. The clerks go over each docu-
ment line by line, analyzing every item,
in the effort Of finding something wrong.
AS result of constant practice they are
becoming amazingly proficient.
People occupied in tasks Of this sort
develop something like sixth sense. The
average citizen who fakes his return, or
who even slightly exaggerates a depres-
sion of his finances, generally leaves traces
Of his prevarication. The income tax. ex-
perts pounce upon these telltale signs
with almost uncanny certainty. As any
one knows who has filed out one of these
blanks, he is permitted to make certain
deductions from his income: taxes,
losses in trade, bad debts losses from fire,
shipwreck and earthquake, dividends and
salaries collected at the source, income
from federal, State. and municipal bonds,
and the like The fact that man has
$25, 600 does not signify that he has to
pay the tax as his deductions may fire.
quently counterbalance this amount.
Most people who "beat' the income tax do
so by making improper deductions. AS
soon as the clerk takes his return. there
fore, he pounces upon these deductions;
and he can determine, almost in twink
ling, whether they are genuine or faxed.
A man who uses round figures on these
items Immediately becomes suspect.
How frequently are our taxes or eur bad
debts or our losses in trade expressed in
round figures? This seems most obvious
strategical mistake; yet thousands OF dis
honest taxpayers have been brought to
book because they have made it. Many
Others are almost as crude in their meth
DDS. Here is crafty gentleman who
credits himself with huge deductions for
taxes. But in the opposite column he in
cludes in his taxable income microscopic
Evening star., 1916-07-16
Who He Was

THE mouselike stranger handed his
questioner card. The latter glanced
at it, his face fell about four inches, and
he passed it to his neighbors. A sheeplike
silence fell upon the group as they perused
the innocent pasteboard. 1t bore their
interrogator's name. and. in one corner,
the words, Special internal revenue
agent" He was one Of the detectives
who, at the expense of the government.
spend all their time running down people
who are evading the payment of the in
come tax! Sadly each man handed this
timely listener card. In due time each
one paid a good sized tax, including a
liberal fine for making false return.
They were lucky to have escaped term
in Jail, and they knew it.
Evening star., 1916-07-16

Al this the revenue agent
passed oper his card. You'd
you mind telling me ,cho you
are?' he asked. The bragg
gart glanced at the card"
Evening star., 1916-07-16

~ WheU!' ansWered a neighbor.
You must haze had a big in
come tar to pay 'Didn'tpay a
cent. It's easy enough to es-
cape if you only knoto how
Evening star., 1916-07-16

chances that you will be. Until
now the Treasury Department has
dealt leniently with such people,
preferring to assume that, inasmuch
as the tax is new, errors are made
through ignorance. But the time
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-02-18
COPPER STRIKERS WIN!
Publicity a Powerful Aid

WASHINGTON, Feb. 12-The Ari-
zona copper strikers have won their
fight.
With copper at the highest price
for nine years and Gov. George W.
p. Hunt refusing them the use of
armed guards, gunmen and strike
breakers, the copper magnates of
New York, Boston and Arizona at
last gave up their attempt to starve
5000 miners and their families into
submission
The strikers returned to work on
Monday, Jan. 81 under an agreement
by which the companies agree to pay
higher wages and to meet once
month with grievance committees Sc
lected by the men.
The victory marks a triumph for
labor of the greatest importance, de-
mOnstrating as it does that labor can
win its battles for industrial democ-
racy when the government does it's
duty and protects the workers against
hired thugs and professional strike
breakers
Mediators Davies and Myers of the
United States Department of Labor
deserve much of the credit for max
ing the mine owners see the light.
For months the latter refused to make
any concessions to redress grievances
which the governments investigation
had proved to be real and serious.
They insisted that the strikers first
go back to work But with copper at
26 cents and with organized labor all
over the country rallying to the min
ers support, the mine owners desire
for big profits gradually overcame
their opposition to giving their en-
ployes voice in determining the con-
ditions Of employment.
Substantial wage increases were
granted. Laborers are to be paid
$3.50 a day instead of S162, and min
ers will receive. at the present price
of copper, $3.41 a day in accordance
with a sliding scale. Carpenters will
be paid SIS per day, machinists and
boilermakers $5.31
The settlement followed widespread
publication of the facts Of the strike
by the Committee on Industrial Re
lations. including publication Of ar
ticles in the New York Call and in
the New Republic, weekly journal
which brought the arbitrary conduct
Of the companies home to their New
York directors, including William
Church Osborn and Cleveland H.
Dodge of Phelps. Dodge d Company
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-02-18
Encouraging Outlook
For ShingleWeaverS

Temple every Tuesday night Visit
ing members are cordially invited to
attend
Local No. 10 of Aberdeen, Wash.
will hold a reorganization meeting
this week and it is certain that the
shingle weavers of that vicinity viii
sustain their reputation for activity
i'm the labor movement
Semi-offcial reports from Local No
3 of Snohomish. Wash. are 20 the eff.
feet that the reorganization or the
shngle weavers OF that Jurisdiction
is progressing rapidly Reinstate-
ment of entire crews have easily been
accomplished
Late reports from locals OF District
No. are lacking. probably due to the
delayed mail service from the East.
There is no longer any question
that the shingle weavers can come
back" The important feature now
is to push the work with all possible
rapidity. get the men organized, hold
a convention and then outline a def
mite and advanced program,
Red cedar shingles are now quoted,
fob. mills *A* $1.6O at $17O, Clears
$500 The prospects are that they
will go higher
This will be a year of opportunity.
Let's make the most of it,
Make 1916 another 1907
Fraternally yours,
]. G. BROWN,
Int President
WIN. H. REID,
Int Sec.-Treas
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-02-18
Register now-TODAY!
Organizers Meetings Successful
Say Officials

It is probable that the general clos
ing of the mills has had a very bene-
ficial influence on the shingle market
and will therefore indirectly stimulate
our campaign for the reorganization
of the shingle weavers and an early
restoration of the union working con
ditions lost during the past year.
Enthusiastic meetings are being
held in every section where the Off
GERS have been.
At a rousing meeting of Local No.
81 of Raymond Wash. last week. ad.
dressed by International President
Brown and Brother +. P. Marsh, pres
ident of the Washington State FEEDER
alton of Labor, fully so per cent Of
the shingle weavers of WiHapa Har.
Dor were present. Assurances were
given that the local will be 100 per
cent. organized within a short time.
An enthusiastic reorganization meet
ing of Local No. of Everett Wash.
was held Tuesday night Information,
al Sec.-Treas Reid attended and aid
ed in the reorganization work Many
members reinstated and temporary Of
ficers We're elected, including a dele
gate to the Trades Council and press
committee. The reorganization cam
paign which has been launched will
be vigorously prosecuted until thai
jurisdiction shall again be 100 pei
cent organized. Hereafter, regular
meetings will be held in the L4abo
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-02-18
Another Rousing Meeting of
Shing|eweavers at Temple
Reorganizing Campaign Making
Gratifying Progress

mills recently gave a "we-are-part-
ners" banquet to their employees,
during which festivities the wage
earning partners" were assured by
their justice-loving bosses that unions
were all right in some industries, but
neither needed nor practical so far
as shingle mills in Washington are
concerned. The interests of capital
lists and wage earners being identical,
why of course collective bargaining
for the sale of labor-power is un-
necessary, as the employers know
how much wages ought to be paid
anyhow. Leave it to them, eh what?
Sounds pretty smooth, all right, but
somehow this principle of mutual in
terests between bosses and bossed
has not worked out right in other
places, so we cannot but wonder why
unions of mill men are not necessary
in Everett. At any rate, if the inter
ests of capitalists and wage earners
are identical, whatever unions are
formed in the interest of the employees
will, of course, rebound to the ad
vantage of the employers, on their
principle of mutualism. So the
bosses cannot consistently oppose or
ganization of the employees as the
counterpart of the organization of the
mill owners. That is, if what is good
for one is good for the other. Let's
see now, if the organized bosses real
ly believe in fair play"
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-02-18

the employers, to limit as far as pos
sible the arbitrary powers of dis
charge possessed by employers-all
these are steps which must be taken
in the development of organization.
A large measure of responsibility
must attach to the great mass of citi-
zens who, though not directly in
volved in the struggle between CAPT
tai and labor have failed to realize
that their own prosperity is depend
ent upon the welfare of all classes of
the community, and that their rights
are bound up with the rights of every
other individual. But until the work
ers themselves realize their respon-
sibility and utilize to the full their
collective power, no action, whether
governmental or altruistic, can work
any genuine and lasting improve
ment.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-02-18
MILL MEN JUBILANT

Last Tuesday evening the shingle-
weavers of Everett held another re-
organization meeting at the Labor
Temple, perfected temporary or,
ganization, now Local No. 2, Inter;
national Shingleweavers' Union. The
reorganized local will meet every
Tuesday evening hereafter. at the La
Dor Temple, to transact official bust
ness and to initiate the steady stream
of men who will put in application
for membership. There's nothing to
it! The old spirit of solidarity was
only waiting for the opportune mo-
ment to take form. There was no
need for coaXing or augmentation
The boys were only waiting for the
signal to 'fall in" All over the state
the awakening is taking place and
crystalizing in the shape of new To-
Gals and locals reorganizing. A most
encouraging report of the work of
Brothers Marsh and Brown is given
III auOuner COlumn OF JnlS issue. sun
day afternoon these efficient organiz-
ers will speak at big mass meeting
at the Labor Temple, and no doubt
standing room only" will be the or
der of the day All union men and
women and sympathizers will be well
come.
WE WONDER WHY
The owners Of two local shin p1e
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-02-18
The RIGHT and DUTY
OF ORGANIZATION

Regarding the right and duty of
organization of wage earners into
unions, the Manly Report well says:
Organization is fundamental and
necessary for the freedom and we'll
being of the workers. For it is obvious
that people can free themselves
from oppression only by organized
force. No people could gain or main
tain their rights or liberties acting
singly, and any class of citizens in
the state subject to unjust burdens
or oppression can gain relief only by
combined action"
Collective action on the part of the
workers has been rendered difficult
. and in many cases impossible because
when they have sought by organizing
to lift themselves from helplessness,
to bring living wages from their en-
ployers, they have found arrayed
: against them not only the massed
power of capital, but every arm of
the government that was created 10
enforce guarantees of equality and
justice.
1t is a first duty, therefore, not only
of the workers, but of all citizens
who sympathize with them in their
struggles, to utilize their civic pow
ers to clear away the many obstacles
which today prevent organization and
collective action. To break down the
laws and court decisions which makes
unlawful for groups of men, not seek
ing profits, actions which would be
lawful for individuals, which limit or
= deny the right of free speech, free
press and free assemblage, to abol
ish private armies and arsenals OF
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-02-18
Organization Brings
Victory For Miners
COPPER STRIKE ENDS:
WORKERS MAKE GAINS

PHOENIX, Ariz.-The strike of s..
600 copper miners in the Clifton, Nor
enci and Metcalf district has been
declared off. Substantial wage in
creases have been secured and the
companies will meet a grievance COM
mittee of employees every month to
adjust difference. The settlement
was secured through efforts of Com
missioners Davies and Myers, of the
federal department of labor.
The strike started Sept. IL. last
year, when 5000 employees in the cop
per district suspended work to force
the reinstatement of men discharged
between that date and September /
for joining the Western Federation of
Miners. The companies refused to
arbitrate this and other demands,
which included higher wages and bet
ter working conditions.
The attitude of these companies is
shown in the following signed state
ment by copper operators, shortly aft
er the strike started:
when it shall appear that condi-
tions in this section warrant it and
the companies are satisfied that the
general sentiment of the community
and their former employees is unani-
nous in favor of resumption of op-
erations on the basis of wages and
conditions that have prevailed here
tOfore in this district, the companies
reserve to themselves the right to
decide whether or not they will again
start up their plants"
This arrogant attitude was again
shown when Gov Hunt barred strike
breakers from the copper district.
The operators then started a recall
movement to oust him from office
The A. F. of L. convention at San
Francisco indorsed the strike and the
appeal for funds to aid these work
ers, whose solidarity has been reward
ed by better working conditions,
higher wages and knowledge that
through unity they can secure a voice
in the disposal of their labor power
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-02-18
RISKS OF WORKERS
IN INDUSTRY

(From Geo. p West, Committee on
Industrial Relations, Washington,
d. O.
WASHINGTON, Feb. 1.-two hun
dred and fifty thousand men, women
and children are killed each year in
the United States, and 4,700,000 are
wounded because our statesmen re-
main silent in the face of the daily
atrocities wrought in times of peace"
by our system of economic and indus
trial exploitation.
Such is the toll each year in the
United States of poverty and it's off
spring-preventable disease. The fig
ures are ultra-conservative, being but
half the total number of deaths and
illness, which, according to the high
est medical authority, could be pre-
vented by stamping out poverty or
merely by appropriating a third the
cost of one battleship for the public
health.
They do not include the 100000
American babies killed by poverty
each year before they reach their first
birthday, These and the quarter mil
lion older persons die annually as vic
tins of a system by which the few
are protected by the government in
the ownership and arbitrary control
of the land, natural resources and ma
chinery that should be a source of
life and well-being to all.
No president or eX-president lifts
his voice against the ceaseless slaugh
ter wrought by peace" in America
Yet of babies alone, the toll is one
thousand times greater each year than
that of the Lusitania torpedoing.
STATESMEN IGNORE ISSUE
Instead of attacking the injustice
and dishonor and cruelty of eXploita
ton at home, or appropriating money
with which the death-toll could be cut
in half, our statesmen propose to
spend hundreds of millions to defend
principles and ideals that have been
openly and repeatedly violated here
at home without protest, and that are
flouted and crucified by men who pose
as our leading citizens.
Nor can anything else be expected
until the victims, the workers and
producers, awake, organize and match
their power against that of those who
now exploit them unchecked.
The Committee on Industrial Rela-
tions has used figures at the head of
this column which have been care
fully computed from United States
Census Reports by competent officials
who aided the committee. Surgeon
General Rupert Blue of the United
States Public Health Service is au-
thorty for the statement that fifty
per cent. OF deaths from preventable
disease can be prevented
The figures help to explain why
those who see the struggle to con-
quer the world for humanity and JUS
tice as the only real struggle refuse
to let the issue be clouded by wrang
ling between diplomats over points of
honor that are raised only when the
exploiting classes of two nations come
into conflict and that are ignored
when these classes are committing
atrocities on the workers of the same
country.
The committee in the present bulle-
tin will present evidence showing that
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-02-18

If you want to see organized labor
continue to grow in strength and num-
bers as it should, be ready to tell the
non-union man the benefits of organi-
zation. Make him see what good or
ganization has accomplished for you
and for others, and above all, let him
see that you are sincere in your be
lief in the organization that has done
so much for you.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-02-18

and T. r. are the two greatest lead
ers America has produced fulfils the
prophecy that Roosevelt's name would
go down in history linked with Wash
ington's. Washington Post.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-02-18

WE WONDER WHY
The owners of two local shingle
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1916-02-18
REGISTER. NOW! BE A VOTER!
PEACE TOLL
PREPAREDNESS" NEEDED AT HOME

THOUSAND in a well-to-do ward, as
against 1870 PER THOUSAND in .
ward where the workers live.
The slaughter goes on at two anc
three times the BrookIne or East Or
ange rate not only in Fall River, but
in every factory town in the country
Everywhere poverty, disease, anc
death are greatest in towns where
people work the hardest and produce
the most wealth.
For instance, the infant deaf rates
are 22S per thousand for McKees
Rocks, Pa; 1854 per thousand for
Homestead, Pa; 1908 per thousand
for Youngstown, Ohio, and 245 per
thousand for Manchester, n. H.
THE ROLL OF DlSHONOR
There is no reason why the death
rates for Brookline and East Orange
should not prevail for the whole Unit
ed States. They would prevail if the
people We're given a chance to live.
According to the United States cen
sus, the infant mortality rate for the
United States as a whole is 124 per
thousand and the total number of
children who died in 1910 was approx
mately 266,016. If the rate had been
II per thousand the total number Of
deaths would have been reduced by
100,S2S babies for that year.
100000 BABIES WERE KILLED BY
POVERTY
In making the above comparison,
the same method has been used for
computing the death rates in Brook
line and East Orange as for South
Bethlehem, Fall River Homestead,
McKees Rocks, and the other towns
named. The rate was computed in
the only way possible, because of the
lack of birth statistics, by taking the
total number of children under one
year living when the census of 1910
was taken and total number of deaths
of children under one year in the same
year. The method used when birth
statistics are available, is to take the
total number born during year and
the total number who died during the
same year. This gives slightly low
er rate and it is on this basis that the
estimate of a rate of 124 per thousand
for the whole United States is figured
by the United States Census Bureau,
So that the number that could be
saved is really greater than the total
of 1OO,S2S here given
In California, the infant mortality
rate in Berkeley, a welI-todo suburb
of San Francisco, was 57.1 per thou
sand. In Los Angeles where an anti
picketing ordinance and government
by the Merchants and Manufacturers
Association prevent the workers from
organizing, and there are many slums
and factories, the rate was 10. Gil
mate in each case cuts down the rate,
but the proportion as between eco
nomic comfort and economic want re-
mains the same.
In New York City the United States
Public Health Service found that
among garment workers with annual
earnings of $666 or more the child
mortality rate was ia; while among
garment workers with annual earn
ings of S4S6 or less, it was 200.
THE TRUTH ABOUT OUR GOV
ERNMENT
In a second bulletin the committee
will show how poverty takes its toll