The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-05-09

restored to Austria, and in 1795 it was taken by France. Tn 1915 it was made a member of the German con- federation, as a grand duchy, and the king of the Netherlands was selected as it's ruler. In 1880 it was divided between Holland and Belgium. This division was confirmed by the Lon don conference of 1867
 The present real ruler of Luxem- burg is, of course, Emperor William but the nominal head of the state is Her Royal Highness Marie Adelaide Therese Antoinette Wi1helmina, Grand Duchess of Lilxemburg, Duchess of Nassau, Countess Palatine of the Rhine, Countess of Sayn, Koni gstein, Katzenelnbogen and Dietz, and Burg grevine of Hammerstein. and Dame of Mah1berg, Wiesbaden, Tdstein, Meren- berg, Limburg and Epstein! She will be twenty-tWo years old next month, and is of the Walram line of the House of Nassau. Her father, whom she succeeded as ruler, was the Grand Duke William, and her mother was a Portuguese princess. She became head of the government in 1912, when she attained her eighteenth birthday.
 The Germans invaded Luxemburg on August 4, 1914. Luxemburg has been pictured as a tiny state crushed beneath the feet of the conqueror. but there seems to be reason to be- lieve that the government was very cordial toward the invaders. Premier Eyschen, the real ruler of Luxemb urg, who died last October, is said to have been pro-GermAn in his tendencies. He was not only the Premier but also the Foreign Minister, Minister of Jus- tice and Minister of Agriculture, and his will was the law of Luxembnrg. Just before the war began he inquired of Germany and France whether the neutrality of his country would be T1, o41Tl I,Sa received the Teuton soldiers were in full possession. Instead, he handed. passports to the French minister, M. MoIlard, compelling him to leave the country, while the German minister, Herr von Buch, was permitted to re- main Russia and Great Britain were not represented at the Luxemburg capital.
 The people Of Luxemburg are des- cribed as being quite content with the German occupation, since they have reaped a harvest from the sale of food and other supplies. They are thrifty folk, and many of them have made fortunes since the beginning Of the war In the greed for gain they have seemingly forgotten the fact that for a half a century they have owed their independence to Great Britain and France, which countries have on several occasions intervened to pre- vent the absorption of the grand duchy into the German Empire.
 The young Grand Duchess has been described as having immured herself in her palace as 8 protest against the German occupation, and for time her sad plight aroused sympathy in the Allied nations. Later develop ments seem to indicate that the Grand Duchess is not so angry at Germany as reported, and that indeed, she looks with favor upon the German cause. This may be because she re- alizes that if Luxemburg is incorpor-' ated in the empire of the Kaiser she will still remain a Grand Duchess, while if the Allies win she will become an exile and her country will go to Belgium. Then, too, the Grand Ouch ess was reared and educated in Ger many, and her father, before becom- ing Grand Duke of Luxembourg, was a German prince of Nassau. She is niece of the Grand Duchess of Baden. Her mother the Grand Duchess Marie Anne, although a Portuguese princess, was born in Austria and reared under Austrian influences. The young Grand Duchess has other con- nections with German and Austrian families, and it is thus quite natural that her sympathies are with the Cen tral Powers.