The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1916-07-19
PERFECTION OF KEROSENE MOTOR
 IS AIM OF MANY
Experts Strive to Devise En- zine That Will Use Gaso-
 line Substitute.

Prof. Charles E. Lucke, head of the engineering department of Columbia University, says that instead of look ing for more gasoline for motor fuel the line of development for the auto mobile industry and for the oil indus try should be the introduction of the kerosene automobile.
 '"The first step in such a develop ment,' said Prof. Lucke, would be the adoption of satisfactory method or type of apparatus, and its design in perfected form by a staff of en- gineers engaged for that purpose, and the requirement of such patent rights as might be necessary to permit the manufacture and use of the accepted | types of equipment for converting eX- isting gasoline and kerosene automo- piles.
 Considering the big gasoline mar ket, which is the automobile field, and | assuming that appliances can be made | to use kerosene in the automobile en- zine. then the commercial develop, ment of these kerosene appliances is the logical thing to do. There are
 
 the demand is so small that the price is low. This kerosene is more wide ly distributed throughout the world than is gasoline. It can be obtained anywhere. It can never be with | drawn from the market because the scme demands that originally were responsible for this perfect system Of distribution still exist to-day, and will continue to exist no matter how far improved distillation for increased gas- oline yield may be carried.
 l "6y the introduction of the kero- sene-burning automobile an impress sion can be made on the situation of measureable magnitude immediately, because every gallon of kerosene so used is sale for product now diff ficult to sell, and to an equal degree reduces the demand on the now over taxed gasoline market
 | in regard to the mechanical prob lems involved Prof. Lucke said:
 Can Kerosene Do the Work? I 'The question boils down in the final analysis to what can be done to make an automobile operate in kero- sene, and whether or not the results of such operation can be regarded as satisfactory. This subject is one to which a good deal of attention has been devoted. but in very few cases has 1 this attention been systematic or thor ough enough to produce any generally accepted results, and in no case has it been organized. In most cases it has | only resulted in a so-called kerosene carburetor, vaporizer, or in some other form of attachment offered to the car owner as purchaser. In no case has there been any adoption of these kero- sene devices or attachments by the big automobile manufacturers. While in many cases successful demonstra- tions have been. made, it is neverthe- Hess true that sufficient numbers of un- satisfactory result have been reported to constitute Encouragement and give kerosene a bad name. It must be admitted, even if such devices were entirely satisfactory in use, the meth cd of introduction by sale to car own- CTS by makers whose only profit is to be derived by the selling price could never make an adequate impression on the industry as whole.
 Some sort of organization must get behind such sales in order that they may be properly installed, and the installations should be sufficiently numerous to affect an appreciable per centage of automobiles in use.
 "It is believed from a study of the situation that not only is the sale of such kerosene carburetors or va |porizers alone unable to make an ade- quate impression on the situation by reason of the method involved, inde- pendent of their perfection, but also this is not the right method on tech nical grounds, because a study of the situation indicates that a device or at' tachment alone will not suffice. Or the contrary, it is equally important that the engine be suitable in certain respects, and the method of attach
 ment and connection is just as impor' tant as the suitability of the engine
 or the goodness of the device proper all of which means that the equip
 ment, to give satisfactory results must be installed with due regard tt J the requirements of the engine meI trained for the purpose and skilled 1T the work, directed by engineers, ant of course, in the employ of the o1
 men, at any rate, at first.
 '"The methods proposed for utilizing kerosene in internal combustion en-
 zines of all sorts, including stationar.
 as we'll as automobile and marine. ma! be divided into two general classes al
 to the manner of making the working
 mixture of vapor and air. In the frs
 class, oil is injected by pump direct
 ly into the cylinder, the mixture i
 made therein by maintaining suitable
 internal temperature and air-mixint
 means. In the second class the mix
 ture is made external to the cylinder
 and is distributed from the poin
 where made to the several cylinder
 and introduced as gaseous mixture
 All injection systems are unsuit
 able for the automobile because thu
 quantities of liquid required per strok'
 for the small cylinders in use are ex
 tremely small-only few drops A the high maximum and low minimum
 speeds at which automobile engines
 must operate in conjunction with thu variable amounts of oil to meet thu load conditions, the injection oil purnl 5 becomes almost hopeless mechanical
 ly though many attempts have beer
 made to force its introduetion. Thf