davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1916-04-16
BY CALVIN THOMAS.
Csbhard Professor Of the Csrmanic
Languages and Litsratures, Co.
lumbia Unworthy.

~ NE who essays to tell OF Shakespeare
l IN Germany may we'll he reminded
OF tho Psalnnlsts snyins, Thou hast
Sat my foot in large room" Indeed
tho room is both large and old. One would
like TO ramble about In II. to explore sorne
OF ite craanies and here and there TO brush
the cohwehs from window and look out
Oh romc landscape Of other days But I
o'n writing now with stipulated brcvity
which forblds all meandcrlng and daw-
ding.
druma rather more seriously than We do.
OF course their theatres are places Of
amusement. like ours. and many Of them
are nothing more. But there is a tendency
over there to think Of the drnma as an
institution" like the church or the school
and 10 regard the appreciation Of It as a
phase of kultur. 60 where you will In
the empire you will hnd good theatres
many Of them subs,dised by prince or pub
Nc-Which are beautiful buildings ana OBJ
3scts Of much local pridc. And IN these
better theatres 6hakespeAre--nore or less
h.m-beiongs to the standing repertory.
The proper staging Of him 10 studied Wiz
oafe and no commercialized star System
70 allowed TO run riot with the ensemble.
albeit many German player has won
fame IN ShakespeariAn roles. Poor perform
ances ono may sometimes see but hardly
ever one that 10 very poor. In my own
experience excellence has been the rule.
I cannot now think Of any other grea:
dramatic poet who 10 % widely. 90 highly
and % Justly appreciated by . people Of
alien speech a. is Shakespeare by the Ger
msD. This 10 long established state Of
sf1AiN To what extent. II at ali, II may
ha~e been affected BY the war am not
in . position to say.
There 10 . vast German literature abou:
mentary. criticism and special research.
From Lessing and Goethe to the present
time the best German writer's have usually
had something Of interest to say abou,
him. The German Shakespeare Society has
duly sent forth its annual volume since
The sun., 1916-04-16

but had always reached the Arstotelian
goal.
All this seems to us now a iittle arid
as II the proof of the pudding were to be
found in the faithful following Of n famous
old recipe. We can understand the inn
patience with which Lord Morley, In his
"Diderot." speaks of the Immense con-
troversy carried on in books, pamphlets.
sheets and flying articles, mostly German.
as to what IT was that Aristotle really
meant by the famous words In the sixth
chapter Of the 'Poetcs' about tragedy
accomplishing tho publication Of onr
moods OF pity and sympathetic fear and
calls 1t 'one of the dsgraces Of human
Intelligence. groteSlue monument of
s,erility."
SO 1t looks TO us and 40 II looked to
young Goethe in the heydny OF his youth.
shortly after returning home at the age
OF 2?, from the University of Strassburg.
where he had come into relations with n
little sect OF ardent Shakcspearians. Goethe
planned celebration to he called shake
The sun., 1916-04-16
A German view of king Lear
Act l., Scene I.
Lear:
Hear me. niscreanf!
On thine allegiance. hear me!

On thine arrogance, near me!
speare day" There were 10 be speeches
and toasts in honor the "will Of All Wills"
The short address which he himself pre-
pared for the occasion has been preserved.
A part Of It runs as follows:
"The frs, page OF him that read made
me his FOR life. and when | had finished
the first play stood like a man born blind
who suddenly receives his sight by magic.
Most vividly saw and felt my whole
existence expanded infinitely. Everything
was new and unfamiliar and the unac-
customed light made my eyes ache. After
"a while learned to see, and thanks 10 my
grateful genius / stlll continue to feel wha,
! have gained. Not for moment did
I hesitate to renounce the regular drama.
The unity NJ place seemed to me oppres
sively prisonlike tho unltics Of action and
Of time as heavy clogs on the imagination.
I leaped into the free air and for the frs,
time I felt THAT | had hands and feet"
In some degree this enthusiasm was dI"
to infection b- Herder. who had happenel
TO visit Strasshurg While Goethe was re-
siding there in lI7o-i77l. \ radical all
along the line, IN religion. philosophy, edu
cation and criticism, Herier had convinced
himself that the grand merit of the great
est poets was 20 reveal tn. life and soul OF
u people al some particular epoch.
His chief instances were Homer. css!an
and Shakespeare, in all Of whom he found
genuineness naturan mess abounding he
and the smell Of ia" soil that had begotter
them. He saw in Shakespeare a mirror OF
Elizabethan England in all It's fulress ana
variety. Here. IN nutshell, We're all sorts
and conditions ~ msu iiNinE themselves
out. each in his own way prince and
paupcr. saint and sinner learned and lewd
The sun., 1916-04-16
1ERMANYS ESTIMATION OF THE WORK OF SHAKESPEARE
Proper Staging Of the Plays Studied With
Care and No Commercialized Star Sys.
tenn Runs Riot With the Ensemble

great masterpieces of translation. In Gc,
man II has no superior unless (, we,o
Luther's Bible. One can easily pick flavs
in II, and one is not surprised that n,5o.
translators have tried to improve up,,r .
The six plays translated hv Dorotb,,
Tieck are below the general avcrag" WA,
conmends the version as n vhulr ., b..
evenness Of merit n IL docs uu' r... r.,
ghakespeare's utmost heights il move. fam.
much below his ordinary lcvcl. Take N,
following lines from the "Mrrcmr, az
Venice:
sit, Jessica: look how tho Noo~ of is,...
Is thick inlaid with patincs Of hr,-r' .r..
There's not the smallest orr tina, ...
bchold'st
But In his motion like an angel sings.
still quiring to the young eyed cherubin.
Such harmony IL IN immortal souls
But whilst this muddy ves'urc ~ decay
Doth Grossly oloss II in. We cannot hear /,
schlegel renders the limos:
lSoum, Jessica- sieh, vie die ltranc,saur
list eineelegt NIT Scheiben lichten Gcides
Auch nicht der klc!nsts kres, den du da
eiehst.
Der nicht I'm Schwunge vic ein Ergel rre,
Zum Chor der hellEesugten Chor,ibln
SO voilsr Harmonic sind cw'se Geis.sr.
Nur wir, we'll dies hinfalles Itleld Won ss
Inn grob urnhullt. wir k6nnen sic nlcht hb-.a
This ts certainly good translatins-
good. Observe how the German sense and
cadence copy the English. almost -
paper squeeze copies an inscription Yet
there IL something lacking. What q ~
The impalpable. untransfe-ahle essence
which Is Shakespeare a. his best
The further history Of Shakespeare IN
Germany, II one had space TO write o. =.
in detail. would be. on the one hand a
record OF scholarly research and on N.
other Q record Of increasing vos,,e and
ever improving presentation on the stage
One could make pretty anthology Of ect
things that have been said about him m
eminent German writer's from the TIN.
OF Goethe. 0rillparzer and Heine down 70
the day before yesterday. And. of course.
one could also make an anthology NJ ~.
other kind--of the foolish things that hsv-
been said by paradoxers, phllist'nes sni
special pleaders. 1t is the penalty Of suct
greatness az mis- that even the crara
cannot let him alone.
And what Of the future? one asks VIZ
The sun., 1916-04-16
More Serious Teutonic View of the Theatre
and Its Purposes Insures Him Adequate
Presentation and Respectful Hearing

their purposes they made ungainly trans
lations Of the English plays. ruthlessiy
sacrificing the poetry, condensins, omit
ting rearranging and otherwise cobb'ing
until the originals were sometimes hardly
recognizable beneath their deep German
disguise The clown was always the centre
OF attraction.
In this way the German public became
acquainted after a fashion with the plots
Of at least n dozen Shakespearian plays
Blu. there is no evidence that they knew
his name or were aware or any notable
difference between his work and the other
badly bcdevi,ed English plays that were
served up to them. The name Shakespeare
had not been found in a German book prior
70 1882. Presently all that remained OF
the English dramatic invasion was strong
prediction for the clown. who got worse
and worse with the lapse Of time.
About 1870 fresh breeze began 70 blow
into Germany from England. Curiousiy
enough, II came by way OF Switzerland.
telling Of Milton and Pope and Young and
Thomson and other English notables. but
for some little time giving no tidines what
ever Of man called Shakespeare. Mean
while the principles OF the dramatic art
were becoming a subject Of general interest
and lively discussion. II must he remem-
century had quite failed to develop an ele-
waited playable drama. n a man OF letters
undertook 10 write a tragedy he wrote II as
n matter Of course In .\lexandrtne verse,
following afar on as best he knew the ways
" the approved French dramatists. Hut
there were no theatres. The acted drama
was in the hands Of wandering barn
stormers. who extemporized their parts and
amused the crowd with rant and vulgarity
and the antics OF the clown.
About 1880 It was borne in upon Prof
Gottsched OF I.eipsc that the German
drama needed elevating. and that he him
self was the man Of destiny. He was a
scholar, a patriot. a facile writer. an or
ganizer-e everything but poet. He con-
cluded that the great need of the hour was
good taste and where was good taste to he
found II not In France? So he set about
making plays. and inducing his friends to
make them, in the French style. being very
particular about the unities and all that.
Then no leagued himself with Nine Neu-
The sun., 1916-04-16

used his name a. rallyinR cry, II meant
emancipation from conventional rules.
II was in this way that Shakespeare cap
turcd the younger generation ana became
II name to conjure with. before any one
thought seriously Of playing him. Toward
the end of the century, permanent thea
tres having now become fairly common.
The sun., 1916-04-16

tho German cult of Staho~l'.
triumph undiminished oyer '.'
is now rife in Germany for '..
birth and the languasy |'."
Let him that has tho slt rr..
hear strong protostatlous '..
must and shall make no d.t.,r,
very vchcmence of the prQ...
gcsts that the contrary upu'.
its votaries.
The present strategy seem,
Shakespeare as essentially t.
withstanding the strange ar...".
birth and speech. AT the 1917 u. .7
the German Shakespeare Sori,'}
ing address was delivered /. '' .'"
Hauptmann. He said at the '.t =
THE time IS that OF the GorGna .-'
war. The question Is, Is thr ' ~ .
poet whom an English moth'r '"
forth permitted I'm German We u"
yes; It Ia permitted. AuI c'y
permitted, II u commanded
Tho address ended with tn.- 10
mento: "Thero is no people, u ''
English, that has sgCu a c.a. .'
spears as the Germans have
speares creations are part "'
his soul has become ON" "'. -
even II he was born ami .C.
England. Germany Is the l1n
truly ivss.s
Albuquerque morning journal., 1916-01-06
Summary or War
NeUS of YESTERDAY

Under compulsory service hill in
troduced In the house of commons by
Premier .NsQulth today, All males in
Great Britain scotland and Wales, be-
tween Is and 1 Years Of age, who are
bachelors or widowers without de.
pendent children, would be liable to
military service. Ireland Is excluded
from the operation Of the bill
The fighting between the Russians
and Austro- hungarians in the region
of Czernowitz, nukowma and north.
ward at various points In eastern Ga
lcia and Russia continues Tho most
sanguiaarN of any on the various war
fronts The results OF these battles
are still ohscured BY contradictory re-
ports from the Vienna aud Petrpgrad
war chancellores, each of which
claims success for its respective
army
No important events have taken
place on the western line in France
except the repulse ny the French of
q German attack in the region Of Ta-
hurc.
ON the Austro-ltalian line n return
OF clear weather has brought about a
renewal of the bumbardmonts along
the lsonyo front
IN central Africa British naval cxpc-
diton on Lake Tanganhas brought
about the surrender OF the German
armed steamer Kingani. all the Off
GERS OF which were killed.
Albuquerque morning journal., 1916-01-06
ASQU|TH' BILL
HAS HARD ROAD
BEFORE PASSED

London. Jan. G0.t0 p. m)--If
The labor unions declare against
Premier Asqniths conscrlption bill
they win place "A s;iong obstacle in
the path of is working after enact
ment. IL not in the path OF its en-
uctmcnt. The miners federation aud
the national union of railway meu
are two Of the strongest labor boaies
IN Great Britain. The miners fed
Grafton. however. is engaged in
quarrel with the other branches OF
organized labor and viii not be rop-
resented at th. meeting Of the Joint
labor board a. discuss conscription
tomorrow II majority OF the la-
hof hodias prove hostile to the Pre-
mier's conscriptiun plan ihe labor
members Ia the house Of commons
virtually Will br compelled to follow
their lead. several hostile labor
members are couutius upon the
stfang opposition lp the house Of
lords aud consider thai u deadlock
hHlNrrn the two houses s possible.
There is not likely 10 b uny fiihus.
tefHp m tie housf of eammons, Jehn
Radmonds sneoeh left the situation
aa tu whether the nationaiiats IS d
party viii vote asalusl The BIZ
Albuquerque morning journal., 1916-01-06
International Law Section Of
Scientific Congress Heartily
Greets Effort to Solidify
Western Republics,
NATIONS SHOULD MAKE
COMMON DEFENSE CAUSE
Lansing Suggests That Steps
Be Taken to Clearly Define
Rights Of NeutraIS in Time
of War,
,sy moss,so JOURNAL SPECIAL LEASED wlsei

lay MORNING JOURNAL SPECIAL LEASED WiHEl 4.
Washington, Jan. 5.--Formal APP
proval of President Wilson's refer
ences to the Monroe doctrine and
Pan-Americanism was voted today by
the international law section OF the
Pan-American Scientific congress. A
resolution adopted for presentation to
the executive committee of the con-
grcss characterized the president s
utterances as "a true definition of
Pam n-Amcricanism.
'The second Pan American Scientif-
ic congress applauds the declaration
made by the Honorable President Will
son in his message of December to
congress. explaining and ampllfying
the Monroe doctrine, because it re-
CARDS them as true definition Of
Pan n-Americanism.'
The president in the address re-
fcrrcd to proclaimed a duty on the
part Of the United States TO prepare
for the defense not only of it's own
rights. but of those with whom it had
made common cause, and spoke of tho
evolution of the Monroe doctrine into
"a fun and honorable association of
partners between ourselves and neigh
bors in the interest of all America,
north and south"
An alliance of American nations to
protect their neutral rights during the
present war was urged in a paper
read by Prof l.. S. Rowe of the Uni
versity OF Pennsylvania.
A suggestion by Secretary OF state
Lansing to the new institute Of inter
national law that 1t discuss neutrality
laws with the idea of securing clearer
definitien-and greater uniformity. was
referred to a committee instructed to
report Friday
Albuquerque morning journal., 1916-01-06
AME ER|CAN TIN
SUPPLY To COME
F ROM BOLIVIA
Heavy British Export Tax
Causes Another Important
Shift in Commerce 10 South
America,

tsr MORNING JOURNAL SPECIAL ltAaEO WfHH1
Washington, Jan. 6.--A years in
formal negotiations with the Bolivian
government have Just eliminated In
commercial agreements which United
States officials and smelling interests
declare will revolutionize the tin in
dustry in this country.
An announcement tonight by DR.. j..
E. Pratt. chief OF the bureau of for
eign and domestic commerce, tells of
the establishment of the American
Smelling and Refining company of a
plant at Perth Amboy, n j.. to smelt
Bolivian tin ores expected now 10
take the place Of block Tin imports
from the Straits Settlements. This
opens the way. DR.. Pratt said TO bug
iness that eventually will moan $780,
000,0 900 to the foreign commerce OF
the United States.
Tin plate users la the United States
consume half the tin output of the
world. Heretofore 30 per cent OF
their supply has come from the Straits
hat high export duty imposed by the
British authorities forced American
buyers to seek other sources.
Contracts haze been signed for q
great portion of the Bolivian ore
production. Eventually, IL Is said. Bo-
livia can produce two-thirds of the
Of tin the United States now
uses and all ~ this. Il Is intended
shall come to this country.
Albuquerque morning journal., 1916-01-06
ADMINISTRATION
WAITS DETAILS
OF PERSIA CASE
Two Essential Points Must Be
Cleared Up Before Policy Of
United States Can Be For
mulated,

washington Jan. Official de-
tails upon which President Wilson
and Secretary Lansing will decide the
course of the United States IN the
crisis brought about bv the sinking OF
tho steamship Persia still We're lacking
tonight and IN the absence of specific
information, official Washington con-
timed to Wow the situation with an
open mind
During conference which lasted an
hour today. the president and the sec
retary of state carefully considered
such information as had been receiv-
ed. While no announcement regard
ing the conference was made. Il Is
known that the president will adhere
to his position of taking no action un-
III the fun facts are before him.
During the day the state depart
mont sent additional Instructions to
Its representative abroad urging
haste In the gathering of Information.
Secretary Lansing maGc It clear that
the department has received nothing
which would tend TO establish two
most essential points, namely whether
a torpedo sank the Persia and, If so,
the nationality Of the submarine
which fired H.
The senate committee on foreign re-
lations will begin consideration OF the
situation Friday Chairman Stone hav.
ing called the meeting today. Mem
bers of the committee generally
agreed tonight that the whole subject
of the relations of the United States
with the Tcutonie powers would be
freely discussed. The majority Of the
committee IL understOod to look with
favor upon the determination OF the
administration to proceed with the ut
most caution,
Late today Secretary Lansing sent
to the committee an accumulation OF
information bearing upon the attitude
of Great Britain toward neutral ship
ping, called for IN Il resolution by SEN
ator liokc Smith, and information re-
gardinQ the negotiations with Ger
many over submarine warfare re-
qucstcd IN an amendment offered by
Senator Lodge
II was reported nlso that all the IN
formation regarding the sinking OF
the Persia thus far received had been
communicated to the committee.
Members, however declined to divulEe
the exact nature of the documents re-
ceived from the state department or
diecias their contents.
Albuquerque morning journal., 1916-01-06
NOW
GENERAL OVER
WHOLE COUNTRY
Reports From Twelve Federal
Reserve Banks Show BuSi-
ness Is Reaching Propor-
tionS Heretofore Unknown.

Washington Jan. J.---Contnuetl
business Improvement over the coun-
try generally is reflected in monthly
reports from the twelve federal re-
serve districts, made public tonight
by the federal reserve board.
Improvement in the Boston district
has continued with renewed vigor,"
says the report from that district. The
upward trend, starting in lines af-
fected by emergency war orders, now
has spread until business in general
is "better than it has been for a long
time"
Trade in the New York district re-
ported as unusually active
Philadelphia reported general busi-
ness conditions in its district still inn
proving with banks declaring the out
look most promising. Requirements
of steel buyers in the Cleveland dis
itrict were reported as great enough
to insure that the entire years out
put would be taken care of. General
activity and expansion in all lines was
reported from the Atlanta district and
sound and permanent prosperity pre-
dicted for 1916.
Chicago reported general improve
ment in business and manufacturing
Win man uldCilItIS anu ttldlltiE anu
whole salers doing business on an
"even more than normal basis"
Prospects throughout the 81. Louis
district were declared to be excellent
in virtually every industry
The outlook for 1915 in the Mlnne'
apols district was reported as excel
lent. Kansas City reported that prob
ably at no time in the history of the
district had wholesale trade been so
active and satisfactory. Unprecedent-
I'd sales are being made by tobbers,
and collections are far above the av-
erage. There had been a general
movement of wheat to the market ana
while the quality was somewhat dis-
appointing the price has more than
offset that Railroads in the district
are using practically all their full roll
ing and motive equipment.
Lumber and oil industries are tn~
usually active in the Dallas district
with increased prices that give prom
Use of permanency.
Leading railroads in the San Fran
cisco district report record earnings
and are buying ties freely with a good
effect on the lumber business.
Albuquerque morning journal., 1916-01-06
TYPHUS SCOURGE IN
MEXICO DIMINISHES
rsv MORNING. ,ouaaAL srse,.l lsAssp w,ss,

Washington. Jan. 5.-Typhus eases
in Mexico City and its suburbs which
during December totaled 3,21i now
have been reduced to about $500, ac-
cording to official advices today to
the Mexican embassy. Deaths from
the disease in the city proper. the rec
ords show, decreased from i0i in No
vember to 305 in December, although
there was decrease during the latter
month in the rumber of cases
THE material decrease in the death
ratio, regardless of the fact that the
number of cases increased says a
statement issued by the embassy. lis
significant of the strenuous efforts be-
ing put forth to furnish better medi-
cal treatment. Restrictive measures
on the part Of the medical and sani-
tary corps has successfully confined
the disease almost wholly to the very
low class of citizens.
The American consul at Piedras
NeGras reported today that many
Americans attracted to Mexico by
published reports that laborcrs were
needed now were practically destitute,
most of them lacking even funds suf-
ficient to return to the United States -
Albuquerque morning journal., 1916-01-06
RUSSIANS MAY NOT
OCCUPY CzERNOWITz

London, Jan. (aidg a. ml--Al-
though the RUSSIANS appear to be con-
tinulng their progress, there stlll is no
news concerning the actual Russian
occupation Of Czernowitz. capital OF
Bukowina. which already has changed
hands four times since the war began.
, Tho Times Petrograd correspondent.
tclegraphing Tuesday says IN the
opinion of the military critics there
the approach OF tho lRussians TO tho
railway line running from Salestchlt-
Ky to Czerncwitz has greatly lessened
the value of tho former point for tho
Austrpns
1t is quite pos6iblc, the corre-
spondent adds, that the Russian cav
airy already has cut the line. but there
is no confirmation of the report that
we have occupied C2ernowits which in
itself Ia not tempting bat for eithcr
bpligercnt't
Albuquerque morning journal., 1916-01-06
FORD PARTY NOT TO SEE
ANYTHING IN GERMANY

COPENHAGEN Jan. iNlH LONDON
I11:80 p m) THE German consul
general here has completed his in-
spection of the passports of the Ford
peace party and details Of the plans
for the travelling through Germany to
The Hague were made public today.
The party viii leave Copenhagen Fri
day on = special train. which Is to be
run at high rate ef speed.
At The German frontier the poncr
advocates win go under martial law.
The train viii te scaled aud the
blinds of the windows drawn when
important points, including the klei
canal, are passed
AZ Hamburg al momhers of the
party viii be searched aud their hag-
sage will be examined ANY article
to the possession of which objection Is
made will be- left behind For this
reason it viii be- necessary 90 leave All
official records here for shipment hy
water 10 iuilnnd
~ ls expected The party vii reach
The liaeue saturday