davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05
PAID ADVERTISEMENT

(Authorzed by and inserted in behalf Of Richard
Kalliomaa. Hurley Wis. for which he shall pay
Doc for each insertionb
To the Voters Of Iron County:
herewith announce my candidacy
for the Republican nomination for
sheriff at the primary election to be
held on September 5th, | will appre-
ciate your vote and support and ask
that you give me favorable c0nsldera-
ton when doing your duty al the
polls, and if nominated and elected /
assure you that the duties of the office
will be properly looked after. Trust
ing that my aspirations will meet with
your approval, | remain,
Respectfully yours,
RICHARD kALLIOMAA.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Hot weather is hard on people
troubled with their stomach and bow
els. HOLSTERS Rocky Mountain Tea
is just what you need. regulates the
bowels, tones and cleans the stomach
Take it and be cool and happy F..
Sullivan.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05
PAID ADVERTISEMENT.

Authorized and inserted by Joseph Volant. Hur-
ley, Wis. who will pay soc for each insertion.
To the Voters of Iron County:
| hereby announce that / will be a
candidate for the nomination for
Clerk of the Circuit Court on the Re
publican ticket at the primary cleo
ton en- Sept. 5th. If nominated and
elected | will perform the duties of
the office promptly and faithfully to
the best OF my ability and respect
fully solicit your vote and support.
JOSEPH VOLANT.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

An unknown man was killed on the
railroad at Saxon last Friday. IL is
not known just how he met his death
out as the body was badly mangled it
Is presumed that he was struck by a
IRAN and probably dragged for some
distance Coroner Charbonneau took
eAarge OF the remains and they were
ouned last Saturday in the local GENE
Iefy lie was stranger around Sax
vi ana there was nothing on or about
'Le body by which the man could be
identified.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05
PAID ADVERTISEMENT

(Authorzed by and inserted in behalf of Richard
Trembath. Hurley. Wis, who viii pay 10 cents for
each publication thereof)
TO the Voters of Iron County:
| hereby announce myself as can
didate for the Office of Register of
Deeds for Iron county and earnestly
solicit the support of the voters of the
county in my efforts to secure the
nomination on the Republican ticket
at the primary election to be held
Tuesday, September 5th. II nominal
ed and elected promise to personal
ly perform the duties of the Office and
see to it that every duty connected
Herewith is faithfully and promptly
attended to. Respectfully,
RICHARD TREMBATH.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Hundreds of Wisconsin citizens win
be deprived of franchise at the com
ing primaries, Attorney General Ow-
en- having ruled that members of the
Wisconsin National Guard cannot
vote by mail. 1t is possible that a
special session of the legislature VIII
be called TO fix it 50 that the soldier
boys now on the frontier will be al
lowed to vote.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

About two years ago | had a sew
ere attack Of diarrhoe4 which lasted
over a week =" wriaes W c. Jones,
Buford, \. D. ~ became so weak
that / could not stand upright A
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Congressman E. A. Hayes and Supt.
RObt. King and family were guests at
the Reid cottage on Manitowish River
last Sunday, making the trip to the
cottage by auto.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Thomas Mckay, of st. Paul, spent
Saturday and Sunday at the home of
his brother, Jas, Mckay. Returning
Monday he was accompanied by Rhea
ChastOney and Florence Mckay, who
will visit at st. Paul.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05
PAID ADVERTISEMENT
TO the Voters:

authorized and inserted by w. D. Tyler Hurley,
of
TO the Voters:
] hereby announce that will be a
candidate for the nomination for
County Clerk of Iron county on the
Republican ticket at the coming pri-
mary election Sept. 5th. Should | be
nominated and elected it will be my
constant endeavor to perform the du-
ties connected with the office prompt
iy and correctly at all times. Hoping
Tor favorable consideration at the
hands of the voters am respectfully,
w. ID. TYLER.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

For Sale Team of mares, one :
years old and the other years old,
one set of harness, two heavy sleigh
and one heavy wagon. John NJ Peter
son, Gle, Wis. 27tf
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

druggist recommended Chamberlain's
Collie, Cholera and Diarrhoea Rem
edy. The first dose relieved me and
within two days | was az we'll as ey-
er." Many druggists recommend this
remedy because they know that it is
reliable. Obtainable everywhere.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Mrs, James O'Brien and daughter
Mary, who have been guests at the
David Powers home, left Thursday
for visit of two weeks with relatives
IN New York. They were accompan-
led by Patrick Welsh and following
their stay there will return to Hurley
aud then leave for the west.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

W. C. Miles, formerly principal of
the Butternut High School, who re-
Gently resigned to accept a position
as superintendent of the schools at
Iron Belt, Wisconsin. left Butternut
Thursday morning with his family for
their new home. The new field pays
an increase in salary. Ashland Press,
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

During the storm last Sunday after
noon the residence of BemigiO Prariz-
uo at Cary was struck by lightning
The building took fire and was almost
totally DESTROYED.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Mrs B, A. Morgan and son F. M,
Mrs. 2. Ienihan, Mrs. L. s. Harring-
ton and Miss Nellie Sheean went to
Ashland Thursday morning and en-
joyed boat trip among the Apostle
Islanda
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Supt. and Mrs. Frank b Goodman,
of Montreal, motored to Buck s Re
sort on Spider Lake last Sunday and
spent the day there.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

A daughter was born last Saturday
to Mr.. and Mrs. Oscar Hellum at Me
nomonie. Mrs. Hellum was formerly
Miss Lima Prideau.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Miss Mae Wanzer is spending a two
weeks vacation as guests of Mr.. and
Mrs. l.. +. Sherman, of Bessemer, at
Lake Gogebic.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Misses Della and Edna Emunson
departed Wednesday morning for a
visit with their brother aud family at
Manistee, Mich.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Miss Valarie Glugla, of Amigo.
was the guest of Miss Laura Charter
the fore part of the week, returning
home Thursday morning.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

A special attraction at the Garrick
theatre next Tuesday and Wednesday
August 8 and q, will be "Where Are
My Children?" Matinee and evening
performances Admission % cents.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Misses Mary Friola aud Rose Boni-
no returned Tuesday evening from a
visit at Duluth and Mesaba range
points.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

For Sale Several iron beds. springs,
one sanitary couch and one leather
couch and several dressers. Miss n.
Nicholson. 27tf
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Misses Margaret Tocci and Anna
Menestrena, and Capt. Sam Hoskins
and Frank Vale motored to Ashland
last Sunday and spent the day there.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Some folks would give anything if
they could get rid of constipation
HOLSTERS Rocky Mountain Tea will
do the work and do it quick. Take it
once week to be regular, happy and
free-J. +. Sullivan.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

For Sale-A piano in irst-cla con
dition. VIII be sold cheap for cash
or on terms. Inquire of Roy Will
Jams. 24-tt
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Richard Kalliomaa, of Van Bus
kirk, this week filed his nomination
papers for the Republican nomina-
ton for sheriff at the coming primary
election, making total of six candi-
dates in the field for this office.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

If you want to save money on your
gift purchases take advantage ofTrlp-
Istt's removal sale, Ironwood, Mich.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

John Van Buren, and daughters,
Inlet and Clara, of Waukesha, are
visiting the formers niece, Mrs. Fred
Peterson.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Bargains in Edison Photographs at
Trjplett's Jewelry Store, Ironwood.
Genuine Edison wax records Toe each
10 $500 the dozen.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Misses Anna and Mary Prideau will
leave tomorrow for Rochester, Mimi,
where Miss Anna will consult the
Drs. Mayo.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Mr. and Mrs. VIM. Sherman, OF
Powell we're Monday callers at the
Fred Peterson home.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Sam Rautio left Tuesday to join
Mrs. Rautio and children. who are
visiting at Mortified, MINI.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Rev and Mrs. f NJ Tourtelot and
daughters Mary and Ruth, motored
from Hudson and visited Ironwood
and Hurley friends, returning home
Tuesday.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05


To the Voters of Iron county:
| wish to announce that | am a can
didate for the Republican nomination
for Register of Deeds of Iron county
at the primaries TO be held on Sept.
5th. | will greatly appreciate the sup
port of the public and if nominated
and elected viii earnestly endeayor TO
administer the affairs of the Office to
the best of my ability.
Hoping for your kind consideration,
| remain Yours respectfully.
FRANK MARTA.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Misses Eileen and Julia Harrington
departed Tuesday for a visit with re-
latiyes at Marquette.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Miss Adeha Belanger, OF Saxon,
ms gnest at the Varda home a few
DAYS this week.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Mrs. Frank Logan and Mrs. James
Mckay returned Saturday from an ex-
tended visit in southern Michigan.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Miss Theresa Cominski, of Duluth,
i visiting here as a guest OF MISS
Margaret Hughes.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Miss Helen Strough is away on a
camping trip with party of Win
chester people.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Wanted-Cabinet makers, machine
hands and tinishers, for large wood
working plant. Steady work. The
Hamilton Mfg. Co., Two Rivers, Wis.
27-92
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

You can buy S35 90 American add.
ing machine for 500 so at Triplett i
Jewelry Store, Ironwood, Mich.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

You save four dollars on fort,
dollar bicycle at Triplett's remoya
sale, Ironwood, Mich.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

For Sale-SiX room modern cottage
nice location on Iron street. Inquir,
of Henry Meade.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Master Gustave Lavigne has gone
- Cnrney for an extended stay with
his uncle.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Today is the last day for the filing
of nomination papers for the primar-
les to be held September 5th.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Remember that the ball game to-
morrow between Ashland and Hurley
will be called at 2:30.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

Chas. Bonino made a trip to Du
luth Tuesday.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05
LOCAL NEWS AND COMMENT
orocONALS :. TERSE TALES
Community Lite As 1t Looks in Print
PERSONALS

rrinlett's removal sale at lronwood,
nah il saving dollars for many
people. .
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05

TO the Voters hereby announce
that I will be a candidate for the of
ice of Sheriff Of Iron county Oh the
Republican ticket at the coming pr
mary election, sept. 5th Should be
nominated and elected to this import
ant office it will be my constant en-
deavor to perform the duties connect
ed Herewith as laid down by the sta
tutes. Hoping for favorable consider
alton at your hands am respectfully.
I'D. EYENsOH.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1916-08-05
PAID ADVERTISEMENT

authorized by and inserted 10y Frank Marta
Hurley, Wis for which he will pay GO cents for
each lnsertiol }
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1916-01-17

The snow, however, has not yet been
deep enough or remained on the
ground long enough to embarrass
their quest for feed very much in this
valley. It has served to drive them
, from the foothills, however.
Lots Of times glasses improve ones
looks as we'll as the eyesight. Whit
ed the optician has swell line of
latest style mountings and fittings
for eyeglasses. 6S-2t
Louis Kelly, a prospector, campe1
in the mountains near Gold Hill,
came near losing his life one night
last week when he closed up the
skeetiron tore in his tent and took
The pipe down Charcoal sas from a
led of coa,s in the tent suffocated
the miner, and had not a neighboring
prospector stopped in the next morn
ing Kelly would now be dead man.
A physicians aid was necessary to
restore him to consciousness.
Mrs. w. S. Stennett is in receipt of
a letter from Mrs. Lester c. Davis,
now of Murphy. Ore, stating that her
husband died in Portland the 9Oth of
last October after a long illness. Mr..
Davis was a son of DR.. Davis, for
mer dentist here but now of Los An
geles. Lester was a graduate of the
Ashland schools and followed the
painters trade here for a number of
years. Besides a widow he left three
small boys.
Mrs. G. w. Scott and family left
Thursday for Portland, where they
will make their home. Mr. Scott pre-
ceded them to the Oregon metropolis,
where he made arrangements for
residence. Their household goods
were shipped ahead of them Mrs.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1916-01-17

middle Of July, when many special
trains of Shriners were passing
through. On July Is to II on the
division from Portland south SO pas
senger trains were handled, besides
21 freight and work trains and 10
light engines. On July II and Is,
in the Ashland-Dunsmuir district, 33
passenger trains, 80 light engines
and 16 freight and work trains
passed over the single track road
crossing the Siskiyou mountains.
The record day was July II, when
S3 movements passed over the Ash
land-Dunsmuir district.
Considering the difficulties of
operation particulars of the latter"
the Southern Pacific chiefs have
written, stand out from all other
performances as pre-eminently good,
and considering that they have been
made with such high degree of saf-
ETY., reflect great cerdit on the entire
organization.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1916-01-17
Died.

On the morning of the 18th at
1880 Mrs. Mary Eliza Gibson Bailey
passed out into the beyond. For two
years she has been confined to her
home and most of the time to her
bed, and only she knows how much
she has suffered. But in all her suf-
fering she kept her faith in her good
God, A few evenings before she went
she called her husband and children
about her and asked them all to
promise to meet her in heaven.
/ The funeral service was held in
the Baptist church Sunday afternoon.
She was laid to rest in Hargadine
cemetery by the side of her son, who
preceded her only a few months ago.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1916-01-17
Died..

Mrs. Leona Saunders, wife OF
Claud Saunders, passed away at the
Ashland Sanitarium at 2 o'clock Sun
day morning, from pneumonia. The
death comes under very sad circum-
stances, Mr. and Mrs. Saunders hav-
ing been married but few weeks.
The deceased was formerly Miss
Leona Smith and attended high
school up until last year, when she
accepted position as bookkeeper at
the Sanitarium, which she held until
her marriage, The funeral will be
held tomorrow afternoon at 2:30
from the Christian church. Mrs.
Saunders was fayorite among the
young people of Ashland and will be
lnourned by the entire city.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1916-01-17
Coyote Scalps
$ll.50 in Klamath

Since Is head of cattle in the BLY,
section have shown symptoms Of
rabies, extra precautions to prevent
the spread of the malady have been
taken in klamath county. After
conference with State Veterinarian
Lytle, the county health officer has
ordered all dogs within a ten-mile
radius of BLY, muzzled or shot. He
is also having notices posted there,
warning stockmen to keep their
stock closely guarded or corralled,
to prevent their being attacked by
rabid coyotes.
The county court, in order to make
the determination of coyotes worth
while to hunters, has placed a special
bounty of $500 per head for the
next 60 days. This is in addition to
the $3.50 per head paid jointly by
county and state.
Besides this bounty, special boun-
ties of $500 more have been pledged
by stockmen in the BLY, and Fort
Klamath sections. These will be paid
for all coyotes killed in those sections
giving a dead coyote value of $11.5O
besides the money to be derived from
the sale of his hide.
In the Fort klamath country no
infected cattle are reported. There
are stories from parts of the reser-
walton to the effect that coyotes have
attacked people and dogs, but these
have not been confirmed
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1916-01-17
July II Record
On Ashland Division

Reviewing the achievements Of the
Southern Pacific for the old year,
Vice-Presidents e. o. Mccormick and
w. r. Scott have sent letters Of ap-
probation to the various operating
heads of the system for the efficient
movement OF trains during the expo
sition period last season. Traffic of
greatest density on the Shasta and
Portland divisions was during the
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1916-01-17

Mrs. L. L. Multi and. little son Rob.
ert left Saturday for their home in
Portland. The older son, Lloyd, will
remain for the present with his
grandmother, Mrs. H. S. Multi.
j. B. McDaniels, former resident
of this valley, who owned a ranch in
the Antelope district, has been SEN
fenced to life Imprisonment in Okla
homa penttentiary for numbering his
wife.
Two prisoners in the county Jail at
Yreka, in Siskiyou county, removed
bricks from the Jail wall in an effort
to escape. The sheriff got next to the
intended escape and grabbed the men
as they crawled out of the hole in
the wall.
]. H. Driscoll, deputy game warden
for this district, was a visitor to
Grants Pass Thursday and conferred
with Deputy Jewel of that city. He
spent the day investigating conditions
along the river and in the vicinity
of the Pass.
Among recently recorded real es-
tate deals which took place in Ash
land and recorded at the county seat,
o. j. Stone disposed of Ashland prop
erty to c. w. Root and Anna M.
Scofield sold a piece of land in Mey-
ers' addition to C. S. Fryer.
The ladies of the Christian church
will give a cooked food sale Satur-
day, January 22, at the public mar
ket, East Main street. 1t
Mrs. James Archibald, after spend
ing a week with her father, George
Stephenson, on Factory street, re-
turned to her home at Brownsboro
last Saturday morning. Mr.. Stephen
son has been quite sick for several
weeks but is slightly improved.
The Medford high school debating
team defeated the Grants Pass team
Friday and will meet the Ashland
team some time within the next two
or three weeks. The winner of this
debate will meet the klamath Falls
team for the championship Of the
southern Oregon district.
Mr.. N. w. 'Hawn or Boise, Idaho,
is in the city and is being shown
around by Mayor Johnson. He has
Mrs Hawn with him, and they came
to look Ashland over as a home city,
He has been general caretaker of
supplies for all the Grand Masonic
lodges of the state of Idaho.
1t is reported that one of the re-
suits of the prohibition of the sale of
liquor in Oregon will be the estab-
lishment of a jitney service from Dor
ris to klamath Falls, for the accom-
mediation of the thirsty. klamath
county has a payroll during the sum-
mer months of more than 100000 a
month from othe lumber business
alone, and the liquor dealers in Dor
ris believe the lumberjacks will spend
their money as freely in that town
as they did in the Oregon city to the
north in previous seasons.
Mr.. and Mrs. C. o. Cowles of Eu-
gene, who has been visiting friends
in Ashland, Talent and Medford for
the past few weeks, left Sunday for
their home in the Willamette valley.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1916-01-17
LOCAL and PERSONAL


Mrs. H. Cook was visitor to Med
ford last Thursday.
Mrs. w. w. Blalock returned to
Dunsmuir Saturday
Miss Nellie Bowman of Gold Hill
was a visitor in the city the first OF
last week.
Mrs. Hattie Colwell of Medford
was visitor with friends in Ashland
last week.
George A. Stannard Of this city
was a visitor to Grants Pass the last
OF the week.
Attorney e. D. Briggs attended to
legal business in Medford and Jack
sonville Friday.
Mr.. and Mrs. o. ]. Stone leave to-
day for Portland, where they will
make their home.
]. H. Mattern spent couple Of
, days last week in Yreka attending to
business matters.
Fred Wright, who has been visit
ing in Ashland, returned to his home
in Cottage Grove Friday.
Harry Pellet, automobile man Of
Medford and Yreka, was visitor in
the city over the weekend.
B. r. Nugent of Pendleton is at
the Sanitorium, where he underwent
an operation Saturday.
Dave Beakey, district manager of
the Woodmen of the World, was
visitor in the city last week.
B. r. Greer has moved his family
and household goods to the Minkler
residence on the Boulevard.
Cliff Payne makes dish cupboards.
Edison Jerome of Medford was
visitor with friends in the city Thurs
day evening and attended the En-
press vaudeville.
Mrs. L. S. Noe and children of
Gold Hill were the guests of Mrs.
Noes mother, Mrs. Minnie Abbott, in
Ashland last week.
Little Miss Caroline Tilton, daugh-
ter of DR.. and Mrs. G. F. Tilton, un-
derwent a minor operation Thursday
and is recovering nicely.
We will have car of blocks on
the track in a few days. Carson
Fowler Lumber Co. 1t
E. R. Lawrence, owner OF the
Lyric Theatre, which has been closed
until summer, returned Friday from
a weeks stay at Grants Pass.
Glendale was in darkness for six
days last week when % poles of the
California-Ore Power Company
line were broken down by snow.
This weeks issue of Life contains
white spaces, formerly occupied by
whiskey advertisements, condition
brought about by observance of the
prohibition law.
The California state legislature has
adopted measure to build over the
California building at the San Fran
cisco exposition grounds into nor
NAL school for the state.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1916-01-17

Scott has woL large circle of friends
during her tray in Ashland and the
young folks will greatly miss the
daughters, Misses Helen and Naomi
who have taken a prominent part in
Ashland social life.