davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-12

El Paso, Tex, March I.--Mrs. Maud
 woman who rode nine days with the
 Villa troops preceding the raid on Co., lumbus, N. M. is here today, awaiting the arrival of her baby. which was taken from her and given to a Mexican family ct their home near Pearson,' Mexico. The baby is safe and she expects 1t to be brought to her today or tomorrow. Her husband was killed by the bandits. T want to go to my baby" Mrs. Wright said: 1t would only take me three days to walk to Pearson"
 Mrs Wright retod her story of the trip with the bandits as thought it were |commonplace. She suffered so much that she had apparently lost all sense of fear. Because she suffered in silence and held herself aioof. she was called La Royna. |Oueen of the villastas," by the troopers. |vlla had told one of the officers that he |preferred to have her die of exhaustion |rather than to kill her outright-and be- cause she proved to be able to with .stand hardship better than his own men, he promised to release her after he had
 sacked Columbus. He also agreed to give her sloo gold and permit to travel un-
 molested throughout Villa territory.
 villa only talked to me twice" Mrs.
 Wright said. T avoided talking with
 him because he would have thought I
 admired him. and would have forced me
 to accompany him. He told his officers
 how he would wipe out the town of co- kJhbus and then when the United States
 ried to invade Mexico, Germany and Ja-
 ban would step in to intqrfere' yi'iA be-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-12
ADVANCE IN CHAMPAGNE

London, March I.-Saxon regiments have captured positions over a consid. erable section. of the French front by . sudden thrust in the Champagne at a point where there have been few breaks in the routine of trench warfare for sev- eral months. The German war office an nounces that the ground gained is about .two-thirds of mile deep along 140O yards of front, and that several guns and more than 700 prisoners were taken.
 The attack was made near Rheims some distance west of the scene of the last previous German assault in the Champagne. There have been no indica- tions thus far that the Germans have at- tempted to follow up their attack Ap- parently it was detached move, similar to their successful stroke in the Cham pagne during the early part of the Yer run drive.
 The German offensive for the time being has slackened in the verdun re- zion. The French official report ar- nounces that there has been no re- cent attempt at infantry action on the part of the Germans along the whole of the front.
 On the east bank of the Mouse the region around Douaumont is being subjected to heavy bombardment. but on the rest of the center and in the Woevrc the guns are not working so actively, and on the western bank of the Mouse. in that section from ACsatsassa sa psss Twss
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-12
Numb With Grief, Alabama Woman Waits For Her Baby

lieved this firmly. have overheard him Whether some agents of these two coun- tries are making him believe this. oi whether it is an idea which came to hin, unsolicited, I do not know But he is convinced that he will be assisted in the fight he has started.
 How wanted to escape to tell the people of Columbus about the attack. But I was watched all the time. The first night was allowed to sleep in an aban- doned adobe house. About 30 saddles were piled in front of the door. The guards slept with their heads to the door and their feet to fire just beyond.
 T laid down. but not to sleep. About midnight I peered through the opening of the saddles and espied Villas charger, a splendid steed. about 50 feet from the hut. One by one l removed the saddles and stepped over the Aieeping forms until reached the horse.
 "The horse was tangled in his rope. l began to untangle him and then one of the Mexicans turned over He saw some thing was wrong. I stood behind the horse. But the horse refused to stand stil and it kept me busy keeping behind the animal. Finally the guard came out. What are you doing here?' he asked.
 "'What are you getting up for asked.
 T replied was untangiing the horse from the web, After he helped me back to the adobe. I ionged for hatpin or dagger to kill the man. could have escaped, since none of the horses could have overtaken me.
 X T remained in the hut From then on II was watched constantly until wRa released at Cosumbus.''
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-12
Summary of the News
SECTION A.

.ls f2'tf SECTION A. 1-Funston busy preparing to invade Mexico. New crisis may be caused by sink ing of steamer Silius without warning supposedly by German submarine. Carranza's note allays anxiety as to his attitude regarding expedition to get Villa. Troops being shifted preparatory to move after Villa. Alabama woman awaits her baby. 2-Hobson opens his fight in the Tenth in a characteristic way. 3-SoiI survey of Limestone county. 5-Liquor tax law is held invalid. Walton jury retires without verdict. State campaign showing evidences of sensational developments. 6-Next Saturday is Flag Day. 8-Trans-county road in DeKalb 9-Lenten reflections of widow.
 SECTION B. 2-3-9-Sporting news. 4--News of interest to automobile dealer and owner. 5-Roumania honors Hungarian ex- lies by nominating them for Par lament.
 SECTION c. 1 1-2-5-6-7--Social news. 4-Ned Brace talks about visit to Demopolis. Editorial comment. S-a-Candidates tell why they should be elected. 1o-soya bean brought to front by war. 11--Special house committee to ham dle all matters pertaining to press.
 SECTION D. section.
 SECTION E. Comic supplement.
 SECTION F. Section.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-12
Noted Church Burns

Cincinnati. March 1.-The old Trinity Methodist Episcopal church on. Ninth street between Race and Elm streets. one of this city's most historic structures, was practically destroyed by fire late to- day. A large apartment house adjoining the church was damaged. The loss is es- tinated at $100,0Oo The cause of the firv has not ben determined The church is crowned by a huge tower which the flames soon invaded and consumed. Thou sands of people gathered at the scene and gave the police and fire department con siderable trouble in keeping them within the roped-off area.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-12
Asks Permission for His Troops to Pursue Bandits Into U. s. and Suggests Reciprocal Agreement
OFFICIALS THINK TT
 HAPPY SOLUTION OF
 KNOTTY PROBLEM
Papers Published in Spanish at Ell PasO Refrain From C0mment-Juarez Com mandant Anxious to Aid

Washington. March 11.-General Car ranza, through Consul John R. Sillman, has asked the America.i government for permission to send Mexican troops States in pursuit G bandits.
 Consul Sillman transmitted the fol- lowing communication, dated at Qua dalajara. March 10, which was handed to him by Jesus Acuna. Carranzas min sitter for foreign affairs. It Is a reply to the American governments repre- sentations for permission to pursue the Villa bandits with American forces, and reads:
 dated yesterday and transmitted today through MT. John R. Belt (Silliman' s secretary), lends me the honor to in- form you that, having brought the above note to the attention of the first chief of the constitutionalist army and depositary of the executive power of Mexico, he has directed me to say to you. to the end that you may in turn transmit it to the department of state of the American government, that he learned with regret the lamentable in cident which occurred in the town of Columbus. N. M.. on account of the as- sault 1t suffered yesterday from the bandits led by Francisco Villa
 SENT 2500 TROOPS
 That, although the.e has been a competent number of forces in, the state afford protection to nationals and for eigners ever since Francisco Villa ap- peared in the mountains of the above state. at the request of the governor of the state and the constitutionalist consul in Fl Paso, Tex. the first chief ordered the timely departure of 25O0 men, commanded by Gen. Louis Cutter reg, with instructions actively to pur- sue the bandits, who had just crossed the line into American territory, which they undoubtedly did. compelled by the tioned forces. Vi
 The above lamentable incident is similar to the incursions which were made in the states of Sonora and Chi huahua by Indians from the reserva- tions of the governments of the United States. InAirsions into the state of So- nora occurred more or less about the year 1880. when Geronimo. the Indian chief. who died not many years ago in Fort Mount, Alabama. led numerous horde and invaded a part of the north |of the state of SorDra. committing many murders and depredations on life (Centiaued ea Pass Tea)
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-12

rTOIu Gonerdl fuQSuOn came CnlS Ill formation
 That an officer subordinate te him, a brigadier general, would com mand the punitive expedition.
 That this officer would have com plete charge in the field and would not be hanpered by unnecessary in structions.
 THREE DAYS NEEDED
 That it would take two or three days to organize the force or forces that would go in pursuit of Villa.
 That the first aero squadron, stationed at Fort Sam Houston, will be part of the expeditionary force.
 That a close watch will be kept at all border points for any symptoms of disorder that will necessitate the movement of troops"
 General Funston, for military pur- poses, refused to state how large the expeditionary force would be; the time when the forward movement would start; whether there would be one or several forces, and the point or points at which the Rio Grande would be crossed when the search began.
 It was known yesterday that General FunsronNwas willing to personally lead the froces searching for Villa. It was explained here, however, that the war department thought it best to keep General Funston at southern depart ment headquarters, where he would be in touch with and could direct the en- tire border situation.
 WILL DIRECT WHOLE
 If there should be more than one ex- peditionary force the common direc- tion will fall to General Funston.
 The movement of troops from depart General Funston towaru the border all ready has been initiated, it is under stood, The amalgamation of scattered fragments of regiments, transporta- tions, the equipment of the commissary and other details would require. 1t was estimated by tho general, at least two and probably three days.
 The utmost secrecy regarding their exact destination would DC maintained. General Funston has insisted on this precaution to the war department, in order that Villa may be kept as much in the dark as possible.
 Army officers are intensely inter- ested in the part the First aero squad ron will play in the pursuit. No Amer ican aero squadron ever before has had actual military service. Machines were sent to Vera Cruz and there has been aerial scouting done along the border,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-12
Consul at Paris Reports
 Ship Was Sunk Without Warning Seven Ameri- cans Aboard Among Crew
SAXON TROOPS TAKE
 FRENCH TRENCHES IN
 CHAMPAGNE REGION
Attack Made Near Rheims. More Ground Gained by
 Teutons Around Verdun. Occupy Corbeaux Wood

Washington, March 11.-Secretary Lan- sing today instructed Consul Osborn at Havre, France, to forward immediately all available details of the sinking in Havre roads of the Norwegian bark Sill jus, from which seven American citizens were rescued. Consul Osborn previously had reported that the Silius was tor pedoed without warning on the night of March g.
 If torpedo did destroy the bark, which was bound to Havre with grain, the gov ernment responsible will be held to a strict account
 Officials seemed inclined, however to refrain from forming an opinion until it
 was known positively that torpedo and
 not mine sank the ship.
 Should Consul Osborn's investigation establish that torpedo actually was re- sponsible. the United States, officials in- dicated. will view the matter as even more serious than if passenger carry ing vessel was involved. The state de- pertinent considers that American sea-
 men have even a greater claim to pro- lection than passengers. A passenger travels at his discretion while seaman is compelled to do so by his occupa- ticn
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-12
Liners Carry Freight Only

New York. March 1l.-Thel White Star pa ssenger liners symric and Lapland left hero today for Liverpool carrying freight only. Partitions and sleeping quarters in the third-class section of the Lapland were removed to make room for freight The American liner New York. with $50 passengers for Liverpool and the Holland American liner Rotterdam for Rotterdam via Falmouth. also sailed
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-12
Graxe Yiew of Situation

Vera Cruz, March ll.-Gen. Heri- berto Jara. governor of the state of Vera Cruz when informed today oi the intention of the United States gov ernment to send troops into Mexico in pursuit of Villa, took a grave and re- gretful view of the situation. General Jara declared he had heards nothing relative to the expedition and would say nothing further in the way of comment.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-12
Primitive Expedition Will Be Commanded by Subordinate Who Will Be Given Free Hand. Aero Squadron to Accompany Troops and Is Getting Ready For Flight
RIGID CENSORSHIP IS
 ESTABLISHED BY FUNSTON
Will Not Move Until He Is Fully Ready-Will Not Weaken Border Patrols Congress Is Standing Behind Action of President No General De- bate in Either House

San Antonio Tex March 1nstructed by the depart nent at Washington that he not to personally the troops that will the Rio Grande into Mexico search for Francisco Villa Maj Gen. Frederick Funston today began arrange the details of the expedition and plan for the guarding of the entire Mexican border.
 During the day the general conferred frequently his staff at Fort Sam Houston, southern department headquarters. close censorship established however proceedings All announcements made by General Funston himself.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-12
Machinists Get Increase

Topeka. Kas.. March 11.-A wage in crease of cents an hour for 1900 ma chinists employed by the Santa Fe rail- way was announdgd here today.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-12

I bue tHiS IS tiG nISl Tcdl LcSl Ol LII fourth arm of the service. WILL NOT DELAY LONG ] It is not known when the squadron will leave San Antonio. Weather condi tions are now perfect for flying ant l it is thought that the start of tn, CT than is necessary. Capt. Benjamin D. Fouiois, command ing the 10 officers under him who comprises the flyers" and the 80 troop. CTS completing the detachment, worked hard today preparing for their depart ure. A big part of the equipment vii go forward by train.
 All of the officers under Captain Foulois, with the exception of Lieut. of them are veteran aviators. Several of them participated in the flight from Fort Sill, Okla, to Fort Sam Houston last November.
 Captain Foulois, in command, is one of the army's pioneer airmen. He was with Orville Wright in the first cross country flight in America of any con sequence-that from Fort Myer. Va. to Alexandria, in 1908.
 The squadron is undermanned, as its full complement should be 20 flying men. kef
 The equipment, in addition to the eight aeroplanes, consists of 20 heavy motor trucks and five motorcycles. the latter being used for the rapid trans portation of gasoline and of parts oi crippled machines.
 Twenty five aeroplane guns and a quantity of ammunition will go for ward with the motor trucks. 1t is un- derstood.
 While no reports have been received of disorders along the border. prepara- tions have been made to quell any that may arise. General Funston has about 1900 men here comprising the three land branches of the service that might be sent to the aid of the troops already at Brownsville, Laredo and other Texas border points.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1916-03-12
ACTING IN SECRET

Washington, March 1l.-General Funston. under orders from President Wilson to hunt down Villas bandit army in northern Mexico, was moving his troops at the border tonight be- hind a veil of rigid secrecy.
 War department officials who had given the border commander free hand in working out details of the expedition made it clear that they re- garded it imperative to success that all information which might aid Villa in eluding the American forces must be guarded scrupulously.
 It was apparent only that the mili-
 (Continued on Page ElevenD
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1916-03-22
Jayhawker Jots

AS a rule, says Keith Clevenger of
the Osawatomie Graphic a woman
keeps a secret until she meets a
friend.
Some people are so argumentative,
declares the Cherryvale Journal, that
the only time they give in is when
they give out.
All girls used to learn to cook. OBJ
serves the Alma Enterprise, but in
these modern days all that most of
them want to know is how to open d
can.
There's absolutely no market for
I wild oats" or the experience gained
in growing them, but nearly every
young fellow must sow one crop before
he'll believe it.
In case of sickness, points out Mrs.
Tom Thompson in the Howard Cour-
ant, family with three or four men
in it will go after a neighbor woman
to sit up all night.
A man died of worry and nervous
prostration in a neighboring town the
other day, states the Holton Recorder.
The cause of his trouble was that he
lived in town, was the father of four
girls in their teens, owned a flock of
chickens and lived neighbor to some
people who were trying to raise a
flower garden and who did not enjoy
listening to piano practice.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1916-03-22
FIGHT FOR CHILD
Then Daughter Gave Evidence
Against Her Mother.
Story of Irony of Fate in the
Probate Court.

Kate Dwyer, known better to 10
pekans as Kate Brennan, put up
losing fight for her 10-year- dauSh-
ter in probate court this morning. anu
unconsciously the little daughter iur
nished the information that welghe9
most heavily with Judge Mactarlaho
when he made his decision.
After a lengthy hearing in whicn
there was much conflicting testimony
as to the character of the mother
Hugh mcfarland judge of the pro-
bate cours, held she is not proper
person to rear the child.
This decision was rendered despite
the fact that numerous witnesses tes-
titled Kate Brennan had done an
kinds of hard work and made almost
every sacrifice a mother can make
in order to feed and clothe the girl
since she came into the world an I'M
welcome child ten years ago.
That the mother had shaved and sac
rificed for the child was not disputed.
Elderly women who have known Kate
Brennan since she was child testi-
fled to that. They testified as to her
good characte except for one untor-
tunate step several years ago.
There was other evidence intro
duced charging that she had carried
on relations with men to whom she
was not married. She denied such
statements vehemently. 1t was the
word of her own daughter, the one
for whom she has sacrificed, that
| sentenced her to separation from her
child. When confronted with the
statement of her daughter that man
had occupied a bed with the mother
and child, the woman continued to
deny it. But when asked if she be-
/ lieved her daughter would falsely tell
anything that would injure her, the
mother said she did not.
Kate Brennan was married a short
time ago to man named Dwyer and
she stated this morning that she is in
a better situation to care for the child
! than she has ever before been. 1t was
admitted that she has fed and clothed
/ the daughter properly, that she has
sent her to school and to Sunday
school a part of the time. She stated
her husband was willing to keep the
! daughter and provide for her. But
the court, after weighing all the evil
dence, said no.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1916-03-22

shops For them, the foreign trade
bubble had burst, and all efforts to
have them keep up courage were in
vain. This opinion of export trade
possibilities prevailed we'll into the
summer of 1915. Then the period of
alternating hope and doubt reached
its third and present phase, marked by
a renewed and quiet confidence. This
manufacturer began to receive in
quiries that looked like good and
profitable business. and that manufac-
turer began to receive orders. Along
in the early days of October it became
very evident that a substantial de-
mand for American goods had set in.
and this demand has shown a con-
sistent growth right up to the present
time. The outlook for the future is
promising. With few exceptions, every
neutral country and every oversee ter
ritory of the belligerents offers better
opportunities for the sale of American
goods than at any time in the last
year and a half. OF the many reasons
for this present optimism, three may
be mentioned. In the first place,
there has been a very noticeable i'm
provement in commercial conditions
in those markets. particularly is this
true of South America Again, the
merchants in those countries. literally
forced to live from hand to mouth
over a long period, have allowed their
stocks to become extremely low. Fin
ally, they are finding it increasingly
difficult, and in some cases impossible,
to replenish their shelves from the
usual European sources, owing to the
greater disorganization of normal in
dustries in the warning countries with
each passing month.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1916-03-22
A RENEWED CONFIDENCE.

Now that the export trade of the
United States with neutral countries
is beginning to show a large and
healthy growth it is interesting to re-
call the succeeding waves of hope and
doubt that have swept the country in
the last year and a half. says the
Philadelphia Commercial Museum.
First there was a wave of hope. AS
soon as the country had recovered
from the shock of the outbreak of the
European conf1agration in those early
days of August of 1914, business men
began to see opportunities for an ex-
pansion of the export trade of the
country. This developed into a wave
of optimism that rapidly gained in mo-
foreign trade twice or thrice its
volume then was looked upon as a
certainty. It was the popular view
that, with European supplies cut off,
the merchants in neutral countries
were cornered; that they could not
help themselves, and that they must
of necessity buy in this country at the
manufacturers own terms. Leaders
in the business world and in economic
thought, usually noted for conser-
vatism, seemed to be swept off their
feet manufacturers began to wonder
how they could rearrange their manu-
featuring and distributing methods so
as to take care of this larger trade
that was sure to come. Unlimited"
was a very much used word in de-
scribing the opportunities for Ameri-
can products in the foreign field. 1t
was not many weeks, however. before
it became very apparent that this
country was not being deluged with
orders from abroad, and it was not
much longer before an actual drop in
exports of some lines was noticed.
Then came the reaction. Those who
had been in the heights of hope Drop
ped to the depths of despair Some
who had been figuring only a few
weeks before how they were going to
take care of larger business began to
worry over the possibility of being able
to keep their organizations intact and
of selling the entire output of their