davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1915-05-26
GERMAN SPY SYSTEM
IS REVEALED IN ITALY
Case of Dentists Assistant in Milan
Declared to Be Striking
Example.

ITALIAN FRONTIER. via Chiasso to
Paris, May 26-Facts are coming to
light regarding the extent of the Ger
man espionage system in Italy. A
striking example of this has just been
revealed at Milan.
Rudolf Herod, a native of Berlin. had
been for three years a dentists assist
ant at Milan. He was poor dentist
but an excellent A1pinist and made
constant excursions into the mountains
along the Italian frontier. He was re-
called to Germany to do military service
and was wounded.
When war between Austria and Italy
became probable he wrote from hos
pital to a friend asking that documents
left in his lodgings be forwarded to
him Immediately. They were examined
by the authorities and were found to
include plans and photographs of Ital-
ian Notifications. barracks. railways
and roads. and also a letter to Ger
man, who, 1t is presumed. employed
him for that purpose, describing where
he could find documents buried near
the frontier, as we'll as a list of the
sums received in payment for infor-
ma ation forwarded to Germany
Evening star., 1915-05-26
DAMAGE SUITS FILED.
Claims for $4,000, $4,000 and
5000, Respectively, for Injuries.

James D. Sneed has filed suit to re-
cover $4,000 damages for alleged per-
sonal injury from the Capital Traction
Company. The plaintiff says he was
attempting to alight from a car at 18th
and U streets. December 20 last, whom
it was prematurely started and threw
him to the ground. iniicting painful
injuries. He is represented by Attor-
ney Levi n. David and Fred 8. Swindell.
The Washington Railway and Elec-
trio Company Is named defendant In q
suit to recover $4,000 damages for al
legged personal injury. filed by Martha
C. Thornton. The plaintiff says she
had alighted from a car. February Is.
at 18th and M streets. and was at
tempting to reach the sidewalk, whom
another car going in the opposite di-
rection collided with and injured her.
She Is represented by Attorneys Fred
s. Swindell and Levi H. David.
Alleging assault and malicious prose-
cution. Lila W. Myers has filed suit
to recover $1,000 damages from Frank
j. Dekowski Through Attorneys Tep-
per and Gusack, the plaintiff says that
May 13 the defendant seized her by the
arm and shoulder and squeezed pinch
ed and pulled her." SO as to render her
sick, sore, lame and disordered," and
to hinder her in transacting her affairs
as a boarding housekeeper. She also
asserts that the defendant procured a
warrant for her arrest on a charge of
assaulting him, Of which she was ac-
quilted at hearing in the Police Court.
Evening star., 1915-05-26
|TALYSSTEP INTO WAR
GRAT|F|ES PO|NCARE
Sends Message to King Victor Wish
ing Success to Latin
Arms.

PARIS, May 26-Raymond Poincare,
president of the French republic, dur
ing a visit to the armies in Lorrain and
the Vosges, sent the King of Italy the
following telegram:
AT this solemn hour. when Italy en-
ters upon the glorious path marked
out by her destinies. all France is glad
to think that the two sister nations
are going to fight once more for the
defense of their common civilization
and for the freedom of oppressed
peoples.
ALREADY brought nearer together by
their relationship. by their transitions
and by the immortal force of the Latin
genius, Italy and France will be united
forever by this new fraternity of souls
and by this reflected consecration of
their natural relations.
"I express to your majesty my most
ardent wish for the victory of your
valiant troops. With these soldiers
the allied armies are proud to fight to
put an end to the enemies of justice
and of liberty.
II wish noble italy successful reali-
zation of her national aspirations, and
| beg your majesty to accept these as
surances of my devoted friendship"
Evening star., 1915-05-26
WILLIAM H. SCHELL DEAD.
Was for More Than Thirty Years
Connected With The Star,

Word has been received in this city
Of tho death In Gilroy. Cal. Of william
n. Schell. ssventy-nvs years old. for
moro than thirty years connected with
tho circulation department Of The
Star. Mr.. Schell will be remembered
by the many thousands of veaders Of
the paper whom he served on the
routes under his management.
He died May 20, at the homo OF his
three sons in Gilroy. where he moved
about four years ago on retirement
from active business. Death was due
to 4 stroke Of paralysis suffered May
IL. Funeral services ana interment
were in California
Mr. Schell was q native Of Pennsy1-
vania, but lived most of his life In the
District Of Columbia He had been for
many years connected with the YER
mont Avenue Christian Church.
He leaves his wife. Mrs. Clara G.
Schell. and his three sons. william II.
Schell, jr.; H. L. Schell and Robert
Schell.
Evening star., 1915-05-26
women P[AN TWO BIG
SUFFRAGE MEETINGS
One in San Francisco in September
Other Here When Congress
Convenes.

Two great suffrage demonstrations
are planned by tho Congressional
Union for Woman's Suffrage. What is
planned to be the largest convention
OF woman voters ever assembled Is to
congregate in San Francisco September
II. 15 and 16. When Congress con-
venes in December 1t is to be visited
by a delegation Of suffrage workers
bearing the greatest pile Of petitions
ever presented to Congress upon one
subject.
Misses Alice Paul and Lucy Burns,
directors of the Congressional Union
campaigns. are striving to outdo all
former demonstrations for the federal
amendment to remove from the ballot
the qualification OF sex
Organizers at Work.
Miss Doris Stevens and Miss Isabella
Mott are orEanising delegates to tho
San Francisco woman voters conven-
ton. under tho direction Of Mrs. o. II.
r. Belmont Of New York, general chair
man.
Miss Stevens. who organized conven-
lions for the union at Newport last
summer and in New York city last
winter, viii leave for San Francisco
next week
Miss Mott will go to the equal suf-
rage states to arrange in each Of them
state conventions to appoint delegates
10 the San Francisco convention. She
came to Washington last winter to lobby
Tor the suffrage cause
Women to Flock Here.
At the close Of the San Francisco
convention delegations Of woman vot
ers who were there will journey from
san Francisco to Washington, D. c.;
along different routes. by train. by
boat. by automobile. by every known
species Of transportation. They will
stop at important points along the
way. explaining the national demand OF
women for their political freedom, and
through all the western section Of the
country will collect petitions asking
Congress. before it takes up any other
business. to refer the federal amend
ment. enfranchising womer to the con-
sideration of the state legislatures
These delegations of woman voters
Will meet at Washington, bringing
their petitions with them, in the week
that Congress convenes. SO as to con
vince returning congressman of the
federal demand OF women for equal
suffrage.
Evening star., 1915-05-26
DENIES HUSBANDS CHARGES.
Mrs. J. II. Paxton Files Answer to
Limited Divorce Petition.

Mrs. Anna May Paxton has filed an
swer to the suit for a limited divorce
recently brought by her husband.
James H. Paxton. She denied all the
charges Of the husband except that
she left his home after he had forcibly
elected her from the house following an
alleged brutal attack upon her. She
denies that he provided a good home.
and says there was frequently not food
enough for meal. and when she asked
for money to purchase provisions, she
AYERS. her husband would curse, beat
and abuse her.
Attorneys s. McComas Hawken and
George F. Have1 appear for the wife.
Evening star., 1915-05-26
TURKS NOT SURPRISED
AT COURSE OF ITALY

CONSTANTINOPLE,v via London, Nav
26.-1taly's declaration of war against
Austria Hungary occasioned no sur
prise at the Turkish capital, because il
was expected The official world and
the public show no excitement, as SO
far the relations between Turkey and
Italy remain normal
Whether Italy's action is likely to in
volve Turkey is a matter which the
members of the diplomatic corps are
not willing to discuss.
The Turkish press has treated the af-
fair conservatively, while in govern
mental circles the situation is viewed
calmly, but with a determination to
meet future exigencies to the best of
Turkeys ability.
Evening star., 1915-05-26
Washington Man Heads Guild.

PROVIDENCE. r. l., May 26.-The
American Guild of Banjoists, Mando-
linists and Guitarists, in convention
here yesterday, elected these officers.
President Walter T. Holt, Washington:
vice president, E. +. Goggin, Sche-
nectady, N Y; secretary treasurer, c.
V. Buttleman, Jackson, Mich. Next
years meeting will be held at Wash
ington.
Evening star., 1915-05-26
RESIGNS as Portugal Premier.

LISBON. Portugal, May 26.-Joao
Chagas has resigned the premiership
of Portugal on the advice of his ply
sician He was premier in the new
revolutionary government of the re-
public, and May II he was shot and
seriously wounded by Senator Freitas.
Evening star., 1915-05-26

Have you noticed TIL marked
similarity between a 81 pair o
cloth top shoes an pair O 81
cloth top shoes?
Theirs too many folks that
stand fer what's right instead O.
gittin' out an hustlin' fer it.
Evening star., 1915-05-26
Too Many Notes. No Action.

SAN FRANCISCO. May 2s.-Repre-
sentative Joseph G. Cannon Of Illinois
and twelve colleagues have arrived
here from Honolulu. Mr.. Cannon said
he had not read the governments note
TO Germany about the Lusitania. But"
lie added. there are TOO many notes
and no sctionD
Evening star., 1915-05-26
London Thespians Honor Frohman

LONDON. May 26.-Almost every one
of note in London's Theatrical world
was present yesterday afternoon at a
memorial service held in st. Martins s
Church, Charing Cross, for Charles
Frohman, who perished in the Lusi-
tania disaster.
Evening star., 1915-05-26
Designs on Italy's Nationality.

Instead, the constant policy of the
Austro-Hungartan government was to
destroy Italian nationality and Italian
civilization all along the coast of the
Adriatic A brief statement of the facts
and of the tendencies well known to all
VIII sufhce-substitutfon by officials of
the Italian race by officials of other
nationalities: artificial immigration Of
hundreds of families of a different ma
tlonal1ty; replacement of Italian by
other labor; exclusion from Trieste by
the DEGREES of Prince Hohenlohe of en-
ployes who were subjects of Italy:
denationalizatfon of the judicial ad-
minlstrat1on; refusal of Austria to per.
init an Italian university in Trieste
which formed the subject OF dinIo-
matte negotiations; denationalization of
navigation companies; encoura cement
OF other nationalities to the detriment
OF the Italian and finally the methodi-
cal and un1ustif1able expulsion of Ita1
ians In ever-increasing numbers.
This deliberate and persistent no1,cv
or the Austro-H Hungarian government
with reference to the Italian population
was not only due to Internal conditions
brought about by the competition of
the different nationalities within IT'S
territory. but was inspired in part by
deep sentiment of hostility and aver
sion toward Italy, which prevailed mar
ticularly in the quarters closest to the
Austro- Hungarian government and in
nuenced dec1sively its course of action
or the many instances which could he
cited, it is enough to say that in 1e11
while Italy was engaged in war win
Turkey, the Austro- Hungarian general
stan prepared campaign against rs
ana tne military party prosecuted ener.
getically political intrigue designed
TO drag in other responsible elements of
Austria -
Evening star., 1915-05-26
Fire Damages Store; Loss, $500.

Fire of unknown origin was discov-
cred in the store of Abraham Lichten-
berg, 1906 7th street northwest. about
1870 o'clock this morning. The damage
amounted to $500.
Evening star., 1915-05-26
Exchange of Views Demanded.

The conversations were renewed. with
additional propositions as the basis. i'll
December. 1914. The Italian ambassa-
dor at Vienna at that time was given
instructions to inform Berchtold, the
Austro-Hungarian minister for foreign
affairs. that the Italian government
considered 1t necessary to proceed
without delay to an exchange of views,
and consequently to concrete negotia-
tions with the Austro- Hungarian gov
ernment concerning the complex situa-
tion arising out of the conflict which
that government had provoked. Count
Berchtold at first refused. He declared
that the time had not arrived for ne
gotiations. Subsequently, upon our re-
joinder, in which the German govern
ment united, Count Berchtold agreed
to exchange views, az suggested. We
promptly declared, as one of our fun
damental objects, that the compensa-
tion on which the agreement should be
based should relate to territories at the
time under the dominion of Austro-
Hungary.
The discussion continued for months.
from the first days of December to
March. and II was not until the end of
March that Baron BSlrian offered a zone
of territory comprised within a line ex-
| tending from the existing boundary of
Italy to a point just north of the city
of Trent. In exchange for this pro-
posed cession the Austro- Hungarian
government demanded a number of
pledges. including among them an as
surance of entire liberty Of action In
| the Balkans. Note should be made of
the fact that the cession of the terri
tory around Trent was not intended to
be Immediately effective, as we de-
manded. but was to be made only upon
the termination OF the European war.
We replied that the offer was not ac-
cepta BILE. and then presented the mini
mum concessions, which could meet, in
part. our national aspirations and
strengthen in equitable manner our
strategic position in the Adriatic.
Provision for New Boundaries.
Evening star., 1915-05-26
Austria-Hungary Warned.

Austria-Hungary was further advised
that Italy could never permit that
equilibrium to be disturbed to her
prejudice This warning had been con-
veyed not only by her diplomats in pn-
vate conversations with responsible
Arstro- Hungarian officials, but was
proclaimed publicly by Italian states
men on the floors of parliament
Therefore when Austria Hungary fg
nored the usual practices and mem
aced Serbia by sending her an ultima
tum without in any way notifying the
italian government of what she pro-
posed to do, indeed, leaving that gov
ernmeIft to learn of her action through
the press rather than through the usual
channels of diplomacy, when Austria
Hungary took this unprecedented
course she not only severed her alli-
ance with Italy, but committed an act
inimical to Italian interests.
The Italian government had obtained
trustworthy information that the COM
plete program laid down by Austria
Hungary with reference to the Bal
kans was prompted by desire to de-
crease Italy's economical and political
influence in that section, and tended di-
rectly and Indirectly to the subserv-
fence of Serbia to Austria Hungary, the
political and territorial isolation of
Montenegro. and the isolation and po-
litical decadence Of Rumania-
Evening star., 1915-05-26
Effect on Balkan Policy.

This attempted diminution Of the in :
fiuence of Italy in the Balkans would
have been brought about by the Austro-
Hungarian program even though Aus
tria Hungary had no intention of max
ing further territorial acquisitions.
Furthermore, attention should be call
ed to the fact that the Austro -Hunga-
rian government had assumed the SOL
emn obligation of prior consultation
Of Italy as. required by the special pro-
visions of article VII of the treaty OF
the triple alliance, which, in addition
to the obligation of previous agree
ment. recognized the right of compen-
sation to the other contracting parties
| in case one should occupy temporarily
or permanently any section Of the Bal
kans.
! To this end the Italian government
approached the Austro- Hungarian gov
ernment Immediately upon the inaugu-
ration of Hungarian hostilities
against Serbia. and succeeded in attain :
| ing reluctant acquiescence in the Ital-
| Ian representa- tions. Conversations
were initiated Immediately after July
90 for the purpose OF giving a new
lease of life to the treaty which had
been violated and thereby annulled by
the act Of Austria Hungary. This OBJ
ject could be attained only by the con-
clusion of new agreements.
Evening star., 1915-05-26
Demonstration of Hostility

The mobilization of an army upon our
frontier left us in no doubt of our
neighbors sentiment and Intentions
The crisis was settled pacifically
through the influence, so far as known
of outside factors; but since that time
we have been constantly under appre-
hension of a sudden attack whenever
the party opposed to us should get the
upper hand in Vienna.
All of this was known in Italy, and it
was only the sincere desire for peace
prevailing among the Italian people
which prevented a rupture. After the
European war broke out Italy sought
to come to an understanding with Aus
tria- Hungary, with a view to a settle
ment satisfactory to both parties which
might avert existing and future trou-
BILE Her efforts were in vain, not
withstanding the efforts of Germany,
which for months endeavored to induce
Austria Hungary to comply with Italy s
suggestions. thereby recognizing the
Evening star., 1915-05-26
Declaration of War by Italy
Explained TO Neutral Nations

propriety and legitimacy of the italian
attitude. Therefore Italy found her
self compelled by force Of events to
seek other solutions.
1nasmuch as the treaty of alliance with
Austria-Hungary had ceased virtually
to exist. and served only to prolong a
state of continual friction and mutual
suspicion, the Italian ambassador al
Vienna was instructed to declare to the
Austro-Hungarian government that the
Italian government considered ttsei1
free from the ties arising out of the
as Austra-Hungary was concerned
This communication was delivered In
Vienna May 4.
New Concession Submitted.
Subsequently to this declaration, and
after we had been obliged to take steps
Austro Hungarian government SUD
mitted new concessions, which. how
ever, were deemed insufficient and by
no means met our minimum demands
These offers could not be considered un-
der the circumstances.
The Italian government. taking into
consideration what has been stated
above, and supported by the vote OF
parliament and the solemn manifesto
tion of the country, came to the decis-
ion that any further delay would be In
advisable. Therefore, on this day (May
23) 1t was declared in the name OF the
sador at Rome that beginning tomor-
row. May "a, it will consider itself In q
state of war with Austria Hungary
Orders to this effect also were teie-
graphed yesterday to the Italian am
bassador at Vienna.
Evening star., 1915-05-26
Reception to Graduating Class.

Rear Admiral Charles Herbert Stock
ton. U. s. N, retired, president of the
university, and Mrs. Stockton will re-
ceive the members of the graduating
classes at the Washington Club, 1901
X street northwest. on the afternoon
OF Monday. June Z, from to Z o'clock.
The graduation exercises will be held
"Wednesday night, June 9, in Memorial
continental Hall. The graduates will
assemble in the south basement of the
building at 1880 o'clock, and march into
the hall in caps and gowns.
Evening star., 1915-05-26
Made Number Of Suggestions.

Thus Austria Hungary violated be-
yond doubt one of the fundamental
provisions Of the treaty. The obliga-
tion of Austria-Hungary to come to
previous understanding with Italy
was the greater because her obstinate
policy against Serbia gave rise to a
situation which directly tended to the
provocation of an European war.
AS far back as the beginning of July,
1914, the Italian government, preoccu-
pied by the prevailing feeling in
Vienna, caused to be laid before the
Austro- Hungarian government a num-
Der of suggestions advising moderation
and warning it of the impending dan
ger of European outbreak. The
course adopted by Austria-Hungary
against Serbia constituted, moreover,
a direct encroachment upon the gem
eral interests of Italy. both political
and economical, in the Balkan penin-
sula. Austria-Hungary could not for
a moment imagine that Italy could re-
main Indifferent while Serbian indie
pendence was being trodden upon. On
number of occasions, therefore. Italy
gave Austria to understand, in friendly
but clear terms that the independence
of Serbia was considered by Italy as
essential to Balkan equilibrium.
Evening star., 1915-05-26
ABOUT 200 GRADUATES TO
MARCH IN CAP AND GOWN
George Washington University
Commencement Week to Open
Next Sunday Afternoon.

Commencement week at the George
Washington University will be ushered
In Sunday afternoon, juno 6. when the
baccalaureate sermon will be preached
at First Congregational Church, 10th
and G streets northwest, by tho pastor,
Rev. DR.. J. T. Stocking.
The approximately 200 graduates OF
the institution will assemble at the
medical school. 1925 H street north
west at o'clock. whence they
VIII march In cap and gown at 3:45
o'clock to the church. The procession
VIII be led by Erwin Harsch of the
college of engineering, senior marshal
assisted by Melville r Walton Of Co
lumbian College and James F. Pierce
of the law school, deputies
Evening star., 1915-05-26

tension Of the boundary in Trentino
new boundary on the Isonzo, spe-
cial provision for Trieste. the cession
of certain islands of the Ourzolari
archipelago. the abandonment Of Aus
trian claims in Albania and the rec
nogition of our possession of Avalona
and the islands of the Aegean sea
which we occupied during our war with
At first our demands were cate
gorically rejected. It was not until
another month of conversation that
crease the zone Of territory she was
prepared to cede in the Trentino, and
then only as far as Mezzolombardo,
thereby excluding the territory In
habited by, people of the italian race,
such as the Vale del Niece. Val di
Fasso and Val di Ampezzo. Such a pro-
posal would have given to Italy a
boundary of no strategical value. In
addition, the Austro- Hungarian gov
ernment maintained it's determination
not to make the cession effective be-
fore the end of the war
The repeated refusals of Austria
Hungary We're expressly confirmed in
a conversation between Baron Burian
and the Italian ambassador at Vienna
April 29. While admitting the possi-
bilfty OF recognizing some of our in
terests In Avalona and granting the
above mentioned territorial cession in
the Trentino. the Austro-Hungarian
government persisted in its opposition
70 all our other demands. especially
those regarding the boundary of the
lsonzo. Trieste and the islands.
Charges Attempt to Temporize.
The attitude assumed by Austria
Hungary from the beginning of De-
cember until the end of April made 1t
evident that she was attempting to
temporize without coming to a conclu-
sion. Under such circumstances Italy
was confronted by the danger of losing
forever the opportunity of realizing her
aspirations based upon tradition. ma
tionality and her desire for safe no
sitfon in the Adriatic, while other con-
tingencies in the European conflict
menaced her principal interests in other
seas Hence Italy faced the necessity
and duty of recovering that liberty Of
action to which she was entitled and
OF seeking protection for her interests
apart from the negotiations which had
been dragging uselessly along for Ave
months and without reference to the
treaty of alliance which had virtually
failed as result of it's annulment by
the action Of Austria Hungary in July.
1914
It would not be out of place to OBJ
serve that the alliance having termi-
mated, and there existing no longer any
reason for the Italian people to be
ou ~ -. tHoueH tney hau loyalty
stood by It for so many years because
of their desire for peace, there natu-
rally revived In the public mind the
grievances against Austria-H Hungary
which for SO many years had been vol
UNFAIRLY repressed.
While the treaty Of alliance contained
no formal agreement for the use of
the italian language or the mainte-
nance OF Italian tradition and Italian
civilization In the Italian provinces of
Austria, nevertheless If fhe alliance
was to be effective in preserving peace
and harmony it was indisputabiy clear
that Austria-Hungary, as our alIy,
should have taken into account the
moral obligation of respecting what
constituted some of the most vital in
terestS of Italy