davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona sentinel Yuma southwest., 1915-06-24
TIE C0M|IG 0F
 THE WHITE MAN

Most people are apt to carry tne idea that Washington has always been the capital of the United States but such is not the case. At one time the changes in the seat of govern ment were frequent.
 Philadelphia, New York, Baltimore Lancaster, Pa.; York, Pa.; Princeton N. J.. Trenton, N. J.; and Annapolis Md, have been at one time the capital of the United States. After the clos9 of the war for independence thc,e began discussion of the need for de termining on city, or site for the permanent capital of the republic and New York, Kingston, N. Y.; New port, R. l.; Germantown, Pa.; Annap olis, Trenton, Baltimore, Williams burg, Va, and a number of other cities were active candidates for the honor and profit of being the perma nent capital of the United States.
 Then, when it had been determined not to locate the seat of government in a city already in the list, but tl select a site and create national capital, the claims of many localities were represented to Congress ane pressed upon it's attention.
 The late Ainsworth Spofford, long l;,.i afi; or Congress, in little study entitled "The Coming of the White Man, and the Founding of the Nation al Capital" wrote that when the first Congress under the Constitution mel at New York in 17S9 that body was embarrassed by the claims of many cities and the offers of various states to provide a permanent seat of gov ernment.
 Trenton, Philadelphia, Carlisle Germantown, Lancaster, York, Harris burg, Reading, Wilmington, and Balti more were all eager to receive thf new government with open arms. Thf debates in the House or Represent tives-for none of those in the s nat were reported-were long and somc what acrimonious. Suffice it to sa that after many locations had bee successfully def ated - GernantoW}' oa., having been once selected h" ! ,econsidereA-th- site On the PcFoma vas carried July g. 1731 hv a n2Pjo f, of only two votes in the Senate ant three votes in the House. Thos' votes. moreover, could not have bee1 obtained had not North Carolina no come into the Union before the de cision, casting her vote for the south ern location"
 In an address in 1900 in connection with the ceremonies commemorativ of the centennial of the establishment of the seat of government at Wash ington, Representative Serene E Payne said that New York an Philadelphia had each in turn furnish ed a temporary seat of governmen for. the federation of states. Fac had offered to donate suitable groun and buildings for the federal house an offer of no little consequence Il view of our bankrupt treasury.
 Other cities - Baltimore, Lancas ter, York, Princeton, Trenton an Annapolis, had furnished temporar refuge to the Continental Congres
Arizona sentinel Yuma southwest., 1915-06-24

is our duty under the Constitution. We all hope that war will not come, and at least, that it will not come here i1 America, until we have time to get ready.
 But we should begin provision now If any man is not convinced of this by what has already happened and been said, he cannot be convinced by argument. I make no argument. '
 How best to provide is a question chiefly of ways and means, in other words financial-how to get the most defensive preparedness for our money
 We have not a first-rate vessel oi any class-a vessel possessing the best modern speed.
 Our navy must be nodernlzeo, ano fifty million dollars year will give us two battle cruisers a year which can keep the seas because of then speed, while dreadnaughts, such as now form the largest part of our navy, fear torpedoes from submarines, or in fog dread attacks from torpedo boats.
 Fifty million dollars more will give us annually a good number of the fast. est cruisers, which, like the Emden and Dresden, and the old Constitution will hold the seas and laugh at slower navies. Speed used to be and ought to be distinctively American.
 Fifty million dollars more will give a yearly supply of torpedo boats, sub, marines, airships mines, torpedoes and ammunition.
 Fifty million dollars more will re pay to American ship owners the year ly wages or difference in wages ol over a hundred thousand American of ficers and sailors. It would make oul merchant marine a success, and the payment could be on condition tha the officers and sailors should be en listed and the vessels pledged for z naval reserve and ready for use in case of need. So much for our first de fense. Two hundred million dollars would be well spent in giving us the best kind of a navy, such as would make it unsafe for any foreign vesse to enter our sounds or approach oul coasts.
 If that defense fail we must rely o1 an army.
 Land warfare is now not question of standing armies, but of being able to give officers and arms to the whole nation, to our twenty million able bodied men.
 It is rifles artillery and brains tha are needed for the millions. They cal be provided for five million men a a little over half than the annual cos of enlisting five hundred thousand men,
 Fifty million dollars a year woul' maintain fifty thousand cadets in mil itary academies that could be run il barracks or even ln camps. HIS Sred corps of cadets would not be per manent standing army, but if wa came it would be from the first bet ter army than any other, because would be an army of selected men. war should not come, then, at the en .of four years there would be lift
Arizona sentinel Yuma southwest., 1915-06-24

Jose Garcia, of Gila Bend, had leg Broken and was brought to the Yuma hospital this morning.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
I W 0 men
Held UNDER
HEAVY BOND
Officers Get Joe Smith and W. c.
Cox at Verden, and Booze
Supply; Score Again
on Way Home

The showers came in plenty Of tim,
for the corn and forage crops, but they
came Just a little too lete to save joe
Smith and w. C. Cox of verden, ths
sheriff's force thinks. That insati
able thirst some people have in ho
weather got these two men into trou
BILE and they are in Jail today, Smith
on six coats of trafficing in forbid
den waters and Cox on five similar
ones.
They were brought to town last
night by Sheriff Castleman and Dep.
uty U. s. Marshal Dillon and lodged in
the county Jail, where they must stay
until they can procure bonds aggre-
eating for the two of them $500.
Smith is alleged to have trafficed in
the tabooed business six times. His
bond was fixed by County Judge Day
enport at $500 on each count, or $4,000.
Cox was more fortunate. He must
answer to but five separate charges,
and his bond was fixed at but $2500.
Both slept in the county Jail last
night
These two men were arrested on
warrants prepared before the officers
went to Verden, but the officers also
made quite some haul after getting
there. In the depot they found fif-
teen cases of whisky, one barrel os
beer and another barrel marked beer
which contained twelve quarts of the
Milwaukee fluid and several more
quarts Of whisky
All this they were bringing back
to be slowed in the county bastile
when whom should they meet but Roy
Boston and L. Alexander, who had
more beer in their buggy coming to-
ward Chickasha. These two were
added to the days haul, and were also
placed in jail for the night. Their
bond was fixed by Judge Davenport
At $500 each.
THE stuff is pretty hard to locate
once it gets into town" Sheriff Bailey
said this morning. "A bootlegger has
hundred different ways to conceal
the stuff and hundred different ways
to escape when the officers come.
About the only chance to stop the IL
quor is to get it when it's on the way"
Joe Smith made bond for $4,000 at
noon today.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
Reply to Be Brief.
BY United Press.


Washington. July 20. Friendly but
firm and final is the way high offic-
ials characterize the reply that will
be made to the last German note.
The cabinet is now working on the
document. the rough draft having been
completed by the president and secre-
tary Of state yesterday. While no Of.
ficial information as to the precise
form that the note will take is avail
able, it is understood that it will en-
phasize the German avoidance of the
humanitarian appeal that was made
by the United States in its former
communication.
1t is generally believed that the note
will be brief, calling particular atten-
tion to the failure of Germany TO give
the desired assurances concerning the
safety of Americans in sea travel 1t
is expected that the reply will be ready
to be forwarded to Berlin by the lat
ter part of the week
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
EAGLE TO
ENLARGE
QUARTERS

Thee ontract was closed yesterday
and plans are now being drawn for
the annexation of the building former.
ly occupied by Owsley's jewelry store
to that of the Eagle Mercantile store.
The stairs between the two will be
moved to the east of the building, di-
rectly against the bank, and new
partition with large archways will be
erected The Eagle building, which
will then be 75xl00 feet, will be re-
modelled throughout. The interior
will be attractively decorated and the
front, which will be extended, will be
repainted. The additional space gives
the managers opportunity to make the
Eagle department store OF the most
modern type
The mems furnishing goods will be
moved into the new building, and fix
lures to make it complete in every de-
tail will be ordered. The middle room
now occupied by mems furnishings
will be given over to ladies' ready to
wear and millinery The ready to
wear department, which will be great
ly enlarged. will be in charge Of Mrs.
Mullins and Miss Turner The millin-
cry department, which is sn innova-
tion for the Eagle, will be under an
expert. The ladies' shoes will remain
in that department and be given at
least a third more space. A draperv
department will also be added and a
full line of curtains, yard goods. rugs
and linoleums will be carried
Actual work will start on the remod-
cling as soon as the plans are com
pleted. which viii probably be in a
day or two. The work is to be fin
ished and the managers expect to be
occupying the new building by Sep
tember l,
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
Local High School Expands Curri.
culum to Include Training
Course for Students Who
Wish to Teach
WORK INCLUDED In
FOUR YEAR COURSE
Seniors Will Take 1t in Addition to
and Substituting for Other
Studies; Get Two Year
Certificates

The scope of the Chickasha high
school, already one of the largest in
the state. is to be widened with the
beginning of work this year by the ad
dition of teachers training course
for seniors who intend to enter the
teaching profession after graduation
The course will include regular high
school work and in addition special
training in the science of pedagogy
and in the practice of teaching. In
fact, it will be regular normal work.
similar to that given in the state nor
NAL schools now.
With the initiating of the new sys-
tenn, diploma from the local high
school secured with the teachers
course will entitls the graduate to a
teachers certificate of the first grade.
good anywhere in Oklahoma for a
period of two years. The student will
have secured special training in
teaching without having left Chicka-
sha, and he or she will have secured
1t without the great added expense
usually necessary before one can
take place as an efficient and well
paid instructor.
The new course is expected to be
one of the most popular ones of the
high school according to Principal
Morrow. Half of this years senior
class has already been listed to enter
the new department, and not less than
half of eash class is expected to take
the work. Not only are great mum.
ber expected to take the work from
among the regular students at the
school, but also many are expected to
come In from other high schools In
this and neighboring counties to get
the senior year in high school and q
special teachers training course all
in one year.
A specially trained instructor is to
be employed by the school board to
give work in agriculture. psychology
and pedagogy and to supervise the
work in practice teaching.
THE Introduction of a normal
course in the high school curriculum, :"
Principal Morrow said this morning,
marks an advanced and modern step
in education in Oklahoma. Only the
most progressive states have SO far
provided such courses in their high
school work, but the movement is
fast spreading and will soon be adopt
ed in all parts of the country. BY the |
move the high school is made more
than ever before 'the peoples col
lege."
This addition to the work given is |
declared to place the local high school
among the most advanced in the south-
west. Courses now included besides |
the regular four years of high school
work are manual training, domestic |
science and art and commercial work.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
Russian Report.


Petrograd. July 20.-The war office
today frankly admitted that the kai
ser's armies are heavily pressing the
slavs and have forced the latter from
their positions at half dozen points
II is claimed. however, that at other
points the Russians are maintaining
their ground against furious attacks
and are hurling the enemy back with
losses
Among the points which are ad
mftted to have been occupied by the
Austro-Germans are TulSum. Porely
krashotaf and other places.
According to late accounts the Aus
tro-Gennan forces advancing from
Przasnysz. we're within forty miles
OF Warsaw while to the south Won
MsckeRsen's center was at certain
points within ten miles Of the. Lublin-
Cholm railroad.
Gen. Won Buelow. who was on the
left of Gen. Won Kluck in the first in
vasion of France. now commands the
extreme left of the German advance
toward Riga, which is being conduct
ed by cavalry on scale exceeding
any heretofore during Ire war. Ber-
lin claims a steady advance and Petro-
grad comedies an advance after the
Russian forces had made stubborn
contest,
On Won Buelow's right is Gen. Won
Eichhorn, who is being held up by the
great Russian fortress Ossowetz. On
Won Eichhorn's right is Gen Won Gall
WITT. whose name appears for the
first time in large operations. After
capturing Przashysz he now is press
ing a German attack on the Narew
river and tributaries. On the famous
Rawka and Bzura lines there is com
parative quiet. which also is reflected
on the south side of Warsaw. but to
the southeast the movement against
Lublin. which was checked temporar
lily is again in full swing.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
DRAINAGE
QUESTION
UP AGAIN

Some definite arrangements by
which the lake east OF town will be
drained, and that Immediately, are ex-
pected to be reached at a meeting to
be held at the county court house Fri.
day night Represented there will be
the county and the city authorities.
residents from the district immediate
ly affected, the two township boards
who are confronted with building
roads across the submerged district
and the Grady County Commercial
and Farm Bureau, interested in every
project for the betterment of condi-
tions in Grady county. Railroad Of
ficials will also be at the meeting.
both from the Rock Island and from
the Santa Fe systems.
Complete surveys of the proposed
ditch are now being prepared by H.
A. Cranwell, county surveyor. These
viii be presented at the meeting Fri
day night. together with a statement
of the probable cost of the work
Whatever method is employed to get
the water out of the flooded districts
east of town, the question is settled
that the lake must be drained. Physi-
clans declare the place will become
a breeding place for mosquitoes and
typhoid germs and that much sickness
in the city may result unless immedi-
ate steps are taken to relieve the sit.
uation.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
Is Critical After
ParaIytiC Stroke

John 5. Haggard of Altus, formerly
a well known druggist of this place,
was stricken with paralysis while on
HIS way home from town Sunday
night, according to report received
today from the west-state city. Mr..
Haggard is now reported to be in a
critical condition with his entire right
side paralyzed.
The Altus druggist was proprietor
of the "Haggard Pharmacy" for sew
eral years in Chickasha. He sold his
store to R. f Thweatl now of the
Owl drug store.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
CRASH into
THAMES in
AIR ATTACK
BY United Press.

By United Press.
London, July O.-Circumstantial
reports received here state that
twelve British aviators a few days
ago attacked and destroyed three Ger.
man taubes off the mouth of the
Thames During the engagement, two
machines crashed down into the wa.
ter, one Of them in flame A third
machine was found at sea later with
the aviators strapped in their seats,
with bullet holes in their heads. They
are supposed to have been killed after
their machine fell into the sea.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
Aeroplanes Bombard coImar.
BY United Press,

Paris, July 9-Statements emanat.
ing from the war office here, though
not given out as official, state that
six French aeroplanes bombarded Col.
mar. the fortified German Alsatian
town, last night, doing much damage.
They also dropped bombs upon the
Challerance railway junction where
much damage is believed to have been
done. The French were attempting
to wreck the stations in order to pre-.
vent the Germms from receiving sup.
plies over the railroads.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
BIG STRIKE
IS SETTLED
By United Press.

By United Press.
Cardiff, July 20.--Labor leaders an
nounced today after conference with
Lloyd George that the big coal strike
in Wales had been settled. though they
would not give the terms agreed upon.
They indicated, however, that the
terms offered were undoubtedly such
as the minres would accept.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20

Berlin. July 20--The great drive
along front OF one thousand miles
which is designed to squeeze the Rus
SLAMS out of Warsaw. is proceeding
with amazing rapidity,. according to
reports given out here today.
Gen. Mackensen's German army has
forced the Russians to retreat across
the Nearew at several points. He has
taken UP positions less than forty
miles from Warcaw.
The Slays everywhere from the
Riga region to Bukowina are in re-
treat. Mackensen and Hindenburg
have both taken many prisoners. GeK
Buelow is reported to have captured
Turuk and Windaa.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
Investigate orduna Attack.
By United Press.

by CHileu FTehs.
Washington. July 20.-The state de-
partment has asked the treasury to
have customs officials conduct an ex-
haustive investigation of the alleged
attack Of German submarines on the
0rduna. The request asks that Gus
tom officials get affidavits from crew
and passengers concerning the Incl
dent.
A Chicago passenger wrote to offic-
ials this morning that he heard shells
while in the stateroom, and that he
assumed that submarine fired them.
An investigation is now being made
Of reports of submarine activities Off
the coast Of Maine. Little credence
is given the reports.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
Austro- -ceamans Moving Forward
at Amazing Pace Forcing Slavs
to Retreat; Many Pris-
oners are Taken
RUSSIANS FRANKLY
ADMIT PRESSURE
---'----
Forced to Yield Positions at Various
Points but Claim to Be Hold
ing Ground at Other
Places
BY United Press.


London, July 20.--According to In
formation reaching here. Germany's
plans call not only for the capture OF
Warsaw but also for the complete Ell
yeloping of the grand dukes army
Military men here call it the most
stupendous campaign that has been
undertaken since the days OF the Mac
edonian conqueror Alexander the
Great.
The daring of the Germans amazes
the military experts. They are at
tempting simultaneous drives against
Riga and Warsaw and are trying to
force general Russian retreat east.
ward toward Brest in order TO free
vast armies for attacks on the British
and French in the west.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
FRIENDLY
But FIRM
and final" "
Cabinet Devotes Two Hours tc
Discussion OF German Note;
Seriousness Of the Stu
alton is Indicated


Washington. July 20.-The cabinet
today debated the German note for
over two hours. The policy toward
Germany. determined at the session,
is considered one OF the most momen-
tous matters in the history of the
country since the civil war. Secretary
Redfield was the only absent member.
The expressions OF the president and
cabinet members indicated the SER
iousness of the situation.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
USES POOR JUDGMENT
AND LANDS IN CELL
By United Press.

ST. Paul, Mimi. July 2O--Mike Mu!
laney is today serving a short term
in the city Jail, because he used poor
judgment in flirting.
Mike sought little stroll with Mrs
Eta Claussen. When he persisted. she
consented. After they had strolled 2
few blocks. she told him her brother
was locked up at central police sta
tion. and suggested they go over. They
did Al the door she showed him her
badge. She is pollcewomen.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20

BY United Press.

by UHIttU FftoS.
Bridgeport, Conn, July 20.-Six
hundred bricklayers and machinists
in the Remington Arms and Ammuni-
tion plant struck at noon today. Lit
tie disorder attended the beginning Of
the stFike.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20

Mr.. and Mrs. Nathan Baum of Ana.
iarko motored to Chickasha Sunday,
visiting relatives here.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
Rictins at Bsyonne, N. J.
BY United Press.

Bayonne, n. j., July 20.-Scores Of
head we're bruised and one policeman
was injured in rioting here today. A
thousand men are out on the strike
here
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
CAMPAIGN RIVALS THAT OF WORLD C0N0UER0R
= = > y > = .
DOCTORS HOPEFUL or
FRANKS RECOVERY
BY United Press

+ Milledgeville. Ca, July 20.-
+ The condition of Leo Frank,
+ victim of an attack by fellow
+ convict Saturday night, was
+ reported this morning to be
= better. The doctors said that
+ he had an excellent chance to
+ recover.
+ Later In the day it was re-
+ ported that infection had set in
+ and his temperature was high
+ er but the doctors were still
+ hopeful.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
FLORIDA MAsoNs AT SCHOOL,
BY United Press.

BY United Press.
West Palm Beach, Fla. July 20
Nasons from the lodges all along the
east coast of Florida are gathered
here today to attend instruction
classes in degrees by the master
Mason lodges
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20

Rome. July 20.-Ten thousand is the
unofficial report Of Austrian losses in
an all-day battle near sagradeo yester-
day.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-07-20
WEATHER FORECAST.
For Oklahoma.

Partly cloudy tonight, cooler in east
portion, Wednesday fair.
Local Temperature
During the twenty-four hours ending
The Medina sentinel. [volume] (Medina, Ohio) 1888-1961, 1915-10-08

Ohio fully appreciated the good qualities udson Harmon and
James M. Cox until they got the other fellow.