davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-11
COURSE DESIGNED FOR UPBUILD
OF STRONG BODIES.

A new course of physical instruction by DR..
Champion, director OF physical training, for
boys, including gymnastc work, has been de-
vised This is so framed that the pupils may
know just how to develop the strong vital
ity which they need to succeed in the various
games There is a similar schedule specially
devised for girls. Also particular attention is
paid to posture" with both sexes, since it is
held that a correct position of the body is half
the battle of health and strength
The work OF the league among both boys
and girls is directed to activities after school
hours and, as much as possible, out OF doors.
Although the league is nominally an out
side organization, it is in fact an adjunct of
the Board of Education, doing by private
funds and by persons acting outside the
school work what the board as a statutory
body cannot itself do. The directors and
members of the league include the president
and most of the members OF the Board of
Education, the City Superintendent and many
OF the principals and teachers of the schools.
Many Of the directors of the Girls Branch
are relatives OF members of the Board Of
Education. The conduct of the schools games
is controlled by games committees appointed
by the schools themselves
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-11

lance. The children had no chance for physi-
cal exercise; they were being stunted in mind
and body were becoming gamins, gangsters
and petty crooks. 1t was time something was
done to help out thousands OF small victims
Of environment.
Dr. Luther Halsey Gulick, then physical di-
rector Of the Board of Education, suggested
to James Z. Sullivan, General George w. Win
gate and City Superintendent William II. Max
well that they should unite in organizing
body which would try to remedy conditions.
Following this there was organized on No
vernber "a, Iqo3 the Public Schools Athletic
League of New York. The avowed object was
TO promote useful athletics in the public
schools of that city, TO cooperate with and
promote school athletic associations, provide
athletic grounds and teachers, offer prizes and
conduct competitions"
This league has grown in dozen years into
the largest athletic association in the world,
and it has set the example for the formation
of numerous similar leagues in cities OF the
United States and in the Philippines and IN
foreign sections almost as remote as Thibet
and Timbuctoo.
When it was organized here, there were
practically no athletics in the public schools,
save a few calisthencs in which the children
had a languid interest The youngsters, espe-
cially from the tenement districts, were OF poor
build, understood, STOPPING, hollow chested
and small limbed, with pasty compilations.
They were also said to be short on manly
qualities A great change has taken place, it
is confidently asserted. In this year Of grace
with few exceptions boys and girls alike are
erect, we'll developed with clear complexions
and bright eyes. They have also, it is said,
acquired ideas of energy pluck and co-opera-
ton truthfulness and honor With all due al
lowancc for the enthusiasm Of those who put
forward such large claims in behalf OF athletic
regeneration, it must be conceded that whole
some play and exercise have lot to 90 with
the health and morals OF our youth. AS
Shakespeare said there is much steam to be
let off, and every kiddie ought TO have chance
to let it off in profitable way Msdirected
steam makes crooks and lack OF steam pro-
duces "'boes."
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-11
HAS EXTENDED ITS WORK INTO
MANY CHANNELS

The work of the league has been extended
gradually from its simple beginnings until 1t
now covers every field OF athletic activity.
There are running OF all sorts, except long dis
lance iumping. pole vaulting, baseball, basket
ball soccer, football, shot putting, swimming
and craftsmanship. A badge like the marks
mans badge of the army is yearly given to
each boy who makes a certain record IN run
ming, jumping and Ginning himself on hori-
zontal bar. No boy may compete unless ne
has a good scholastic standing, and this pre-
vents neglect OF head work in favor OF oooy
work. And in order to develop esprit de corps
along with individuality, special attention IS
given to class contests, where 80 per cent OF
each class must compete, and the winner IS
the class that makes the best average.
Within the last two years athletics have
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-11
Portraits from Left TO Right

school children. It takes parent to appreci-
ate those figures. You multiply the athletic
racket made by one young hopeful million
times; only it can't be done even in magma
ton. We can imagine up to, say, FIVE athletes,
and then our imagination breaks down
There are yet other aspects OF magnitude
which balk the fancy. We credibly in
formed that the moral as we'll as the physical
benefit of the league among New York school
children has been tremendous Those that
were incorrgible imps have become angels;
those that used to play hockey now play ball;
those who took pride in mischief are now
models OF department, with athletic medals
pinned on their manly bosoms. The juvenile
vice Of prevaricaton has diminished to re-
markable degree The rare plant called honor
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-11

epoch Of DR.. Mary Walker, little had been
done or written in the matter of athletics for
girls. It was now deemed necessary TO lay
down the following principles of brand new
enterprise: Athletics to be suitable for girls
and not merely in imitation of boys athletics,
sport for sports sake-no gate moncy-ath-
etics for all the girls, no interschool compe-
titions, events for team work, no public per-
formances or charge made for admission.
1t was found the girls especially needed af
ter-school leadership, and system of training.
Classes were started in which women
teachers were given free instruction, on
condition that they would in turn instruct the
girls in their schools. In this way the system
was spread with great rapdity from school
to school throughout the city. Thus the
girls were provided with vigorous and whole
some recreation and play of which city life
would rob them particularly in congested To-
calites.
The change effected in the health, looks and
graccfulness of the girls is said to compare
well with the remarkable results of athletics
applcd to boys. A big feature of the girls
work is the folk dancing. 1t is splendid exer
else; it keeps alive quaint and historic rites;
it appeals to the cosmopolitan instincts of
New Workers and provides beautiful specta-
Gle for those who witness it. Every spring
there are fetes in Central Park, Prospect Park
and Staten Island. In last years fetcs no less
than 1904 little girls performed folk dances
in unison. And the dances of about every
tribe and race under the sun seemed to be rep
resented in the vast bewildering and beautiful
show on green grass under the open sky. 1t
was no artificial indoor stuff, but the JOY
prance of mankind's children as when the
world was young, and expressed itself by pose
and sign and graceful motion.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-11

has bloomed in regions that were thought
sterile and untitled for its growth Now, we
ask. how is it possible to assess, weigh and
measure these moral crops which have been
reared in our public schools? Maybe the cop
on the beat could tell how many less windows
have been broken and how many bananas and
peanuts have been saved to the pedler, but we
would need 70 look over the books OF the re-
cording angel to get the complete toll OF bene-
fits: and of course, we don't want to bother
the recording angel just at this time he being
so busy in Paterson and Europe.
Back in 1908 several men connected with
the New York Board Of Education were talk
ing over the good old days OF their boyhood,
uhen there was a chance for youngsters TO
oct air and exercise in the open. The town
was not much built up the buildings were low,
the streets were not congested; there were
nlentv of vacant lots and open fields where
little chaps could play. Since then had sprung
m tenement houses, each containing more
people than formerly occupied whole block;
streets were crowded with cars, trucks, push
carts and other vehicles so they could not be
safely used by children, and there was hardly
any vacant play space within readable dis
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-11
B0die S, Min q S
an q NJ O r al S
Of Lads and
l. q S S i G S
Profit.

In 1914, as said above, there were $4,000
boys and girls who took part in games
Among them 1854 boys won the athletic
badge for running, jumping and Ginning on
a bar. while the number of Ginning competi-
tors in class contests amounted to $1,000.
There were 34377 competitive runners, 63'9oI
competitive jumpers and about 100000 con-
testants in field day sports. instruction in rlhe
shooting was given to 5000 high school boys,
OF whom 3oo qualified as marksmen, and 100
were classed as sharpshooters. The attend
ance of girls in all classes for the year was
10000.
The league is supported by private contribu-
tors, its receipts averaging about $4,000
year.
HIGHLY FAVORED IN ITS OFFICERS,
DIRECTORS AND SUPPORTERS.
The success of the league IS attributed
largely to fortunate selection Of its first Off
GERS and directors General George w. Win
gate. its first president, and who still holds
that position, was a member Of the Board OF
Education and had himself been an athlete
from boyhood. He had also military expert
ence and was one of the founders Of the Ma
tonal Rifle Association and a pioneer in the
system of instruction in rifle shooting which
is now considered by the army and the ma
tonal guard the most important part OF mill
tary training DR.. Luther Hal5ey Gulick, who
was the director of physical training of the
Board Of Education, had leading part in
shaping the league, while James L. Sullivan,
who had been the Nestor Of athletics in the
United States for many years, was especially
useful in planning the playground work. Gus
tavus T. Kirby, leading spirit in collegiate
athletics, was clso prominent in playground
activity S. r. Guggenheinl, the banker, helped
to provide the snews OF war These men CON
sttuted the executive committee and have
been the active managers OF the work OF the
league In 1908 Dr. Gulick left the Board of
Education, and his place there and in the
league was taken by DR.. c. Ward Champion.
James E. Sullivan died last September, and
was succeeded by Darwin r. James former
athlete, with a phanthropic turn.
Among those who have especially helped
along the league outside OF members OF the
Board of Education and school officials have
been DR.. John II. Finley, now State Com
missioner of Education; Monsignor M. j. La
velle, Judge Victor ]. Bowling, Felix Warburg,
Herman A. Metz Frank A. Polk, Cornelius
Vanderbilt, Rodman Wanamaker and Evert
Jansen Wendell. Other prominent supporters
have been ex-Pre5icent Roosevelt, Andrew
Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, Thomas +.
Ryan, Harry Payne Whitney an J. p. Nor
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-11

rF ANYBODY asked you what was the
l worlds biggest athletic outfit you'd prob
Il ABLY find il a bit hard to make quick
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-11

tablished through long evolution from the
time Of the first marathon runner up 10 Jess
Willard, while the former was new subject,
which OF necessity had 20 be largely expert
mental From the period of Sapho UP to the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-11

been introduced into the evening schools, with
the remarkable result that the usual loss IN
attendance has decreased over 80 per cent. The
lure Of exercise is surely potent
The walking clubs established for boys and
girls have become increasingly popular, and
the jaunts which are taken through the parks
and the open or woody stretches OF the
suburbs are joys without compare.
It was in 1905 that the clamor of New York
schoolgirls to share in the pleasures Of ath-
letics could not longer be ignored. The girls
said it was not fair that the boys should have
all the sports and games and good times. The
officers of the league knew that the girls, on
account Of environment, dress and other
things, needed physical training even more
than the boys; they knew also that the train
ing for girls should be radically different from
the methods with which they were familiar.
So number OF prominent women were asked
to take up the matter and they did so, organ
izing the Girls Branch on November %,
1905.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-11
DEVELOPMENT OF ATHLETICS
AMONG GIRLS TOOK MUCH
PLANNING.

The problems involved in girls athletics
were much more difficult than those in ath-
letics for boys, the latter having been es-
The Washington times., 1915-05-25

" HE one thing every woman
wants to do In warm weather
is to save effort, especially
with the bugbear Of three
meals a day. A little planning, a lit
tie equipment. and summer service
can be made simple and easy.
A cultivation nf the tray habit ts
necessary. Instead of setting
whole table wher she is alone at
lunch. setting a tray in the kitchen
and bringing it into the dining room
without unloading Is not as ''inva-
Idly as it sounds. The most attrac-
tive trays como in a papier mache
square, white ivory finish. Nothing
could be dainticr or more appetizing
than one of these very large trays
set for one or oven two.
The trick of carving and serving
more, In the kitchen. that is. la
Russo, will save a number Of need
less large serving utensils at the
table. One clever hostess laughingly
admits her platter habit which, she
says, Is so much easier from the
dishwashing point OF view than the
uee of square. oval. and clumsy
serving dishes.
Every season sees the perfection
of novelties in sandwich trays, and
one OF the quaintest Is a deep baS-
ket with a oozen partitions for sep
nrate siasses, and in the center an
oval box for sandwiches or other
goodies. Thele are many variations
Of this glass and SANDY ich carrier
which, with its handle, permits quite
q collation. to be served most easily.
Along with this goes the sandwich
tork, which easily lifts off the sand
wich by pressing on the spring which
controls the extension prongs
A can opener that really works is
q summer necessity. One Of the
newest, operating on a different prin-
ciple, Is a can opener which, with
one motion, cuts out circular open
ing, thus removing any danger of
Jagged fingers or uneVenlv opened
lids. Another novelty is thin,
metal prong mounted Oh a handle.
which Is Just the thing to eXtriCate
q misbehaving cork that refuses TO
come out. 1t also spears olives,
pickles, and other small bottle goods
The Washington times., 1915-05-25

It's provision for sickness benefit in
the national insurance act. had COM
pletely disreS6rded moth nrhood as
the cause Of the industrial incaDacity
OF women. In the meantime. this
curious state Of affairs rolled up a
made by the aCtuaries. and Il is In
creasing
England purposes to meet the
problem by eliminating motherhood
in the. case OF women In industry
from the insurance act, and provide
for II by drawing directly from the
british national excheqver for the
maternity benefit Of the health in
surance act.
BY taking no. monetary note OF
the element OF domestic service In
industry woman's social contract
confuses her role in the production
of wealth so as to eternally eX-
clude her from complete economic
Independence. While it Is true that
wnnien's role In economic production
ter is properly to be regarded as an
effect. not as moving cause Of the
Improvement Of her condition in In
dustry.
Women In Industry.
I'm this connection II must con-
stantly be borne IN mind that ! am
speaking Of women In industry. and
that the unrenUmerative labor OF
wives in the home is always concern
ed with labor for some human being.
husband. children or self therefor, a
labor for the state, for society. The
woman herself Is the actual object
OF soliCitude In problems effectinR
her relations. and as to Industrial re-
lations. the end to be sought is
equality Of opportunity, that the per-
sonal liberty Of individual women
workers may be secured.
The unr"munerative abor of wives
In the home Is an element of in
uustry. whence it appears that the
most intelligent thing TO do would be
for the Commission on Industrial Re-
lations to take first step and In
vestigate the conditions Of women
occupied in the home.
"1f the British National Health In
surance act did no more than to
establish motherhood as an economic
cause of the inequality OF women
wage earners. Compa red with men In
the struggle for existence it would
have accomplished much. The gov
eminent, indeed, shows no dispo-
sition to retreat from a considera-
ton of the matter. On the contrary
The Washington times., 1915-05-25
Saving Steps in SerUice
Some Hints That Will Help Home Keeper to
Keep Life in Summer on Simple Plane.
B.. MRS. CHRISTINE FREDERICK,


from the bottom OF harrow bottles.
A combined bottle opener and cork
screw comes with permanent
clamp to attach it to the table,
which, Of course, reduces greatly
the strain and effort OF opening bot
ties of summer beverages.
Since ice is so important an item
of summer food preparation, an ice
clipper Of the proper kind saves
waste and time a good new one
has two thin prongs at the sides
and a fork of very sharp teeth
which enable ice to be clipped read
ily and rapidly. For an organiza-
ton or group which gives frequent
summer sooials. the automatic Ice
cream server will prove great
time-saver. II comes in cone shape,
all sizes, and Is attached to an au-
tomato lever. a simple pressure on
which instantly releases the cone OF
cream without the labor of the old
type which required both hands to
use it.
For those who use many summer
beverages this new mixer" will be
appreciated. It is a glass quart with
graduated measures and a metal
cap. In the inside of the zap is
small lemon squeezer. If inverted,
lemon can thus he squeezed on the
cap and the Juice falls directly into
the container below. in other words.
lemonade squeezed and made in the
same utensil. This mixer Is also
excellent for making matted milk,
egg. and other summer hovera res,
which require thorough shaking
md emulsifYins 70 make them a
success
The assistance Of paper products
In the summer service must not be
overlooked Paper plates. napkins.
cups. towels, tablecloths. ct al. are
another means Of making summer
service simpler
The Washington times., 1915-05-25

YEARLY hidden by the crowns OF
old oaks, in a wee park over
looking bay of Lake Naner
Sweden, stands rambling
structure which has become one of the
1ew places Of interest in the sleepy
city of Kristinehamn. Breakfast. lunch
con and dinner hours arc marked by
thin streams of people walking up the
gravel path leading to it from the
street, for nowhere else in town are
meals served as cheaply, as daintily.
and o. as wholesome and nutritious
value as at the Household Training
School
This school forms one branch of the
kristineha Technical College. which
only In that the students are taught. not
only both the practical and the theo-
retical side of various kinds of indus
trial arts. but also are instructed
others. The Kristinehamn Technical
College Is a training school for teach
ers In agriculture, house building, juris-
prudence, architecture, machinery
weaving, handicrafts. art and domestic
science. Its graduates are in increas-
ing demand as vocationa, teachers in
public and private schools in Europe.
Scope of Training.
The main part OF the Household
Training School building. which is of
the bungalow type. contains a reception
room, a drawing room, library, q den
and a bedroom. simply and testefully
furnished. The papering and decora.
tions Of these rooms are renewed every
spring by the students. But the week
or two which this operation occupies
IL not all OF the students instruction
in good taste regarding home decora.
ton. During the whole year the girls
study color harmonies. materials and
economics. working for prizes for the
best plans submitted by the students.
Like everything else in that school they
are tested from three different points
Of views economy, beauty and sub
stantiality.
In one wing Of the main building are
The Washington times., 1915-05-25


located large Kitchen, dining room
seating hundred guests, with pantrJ,
bakery, brewery, and laundry. The OPP
posite wing contains sewing room.
weaving room. dressing room. bake
shop. laboratory. and a conditory,
one may bring ones friends for dainty
refreshments and an hours chat.
The girls who register for the teach
ers course in homc-making arts are
divided INTO groups: one group Begin
ming at each of the various branches
of this science and graduating to the
next. so that during their two years
course they have covered the whole
field. \ mistress and helper are
elected for each group; the others are
workers. taking and executing orders
until they have. by efficiency and dutl-
fulnass. earned their graduating to
the dignity of mistress or helper.
Mistress and Helper.
The mtstresses are assigned to assume
different stations in life during the
various periods Of their course, and
1t is impressed upon them that the
higher the station which they are tll-
ing the more unfailing must be their
graciouSness, kindness, and RESPONSE
b!ity toward their helpers. All stu
dents have their turns at being mis-
tresses and workers; the are not called
servants to distinguish thcm from those
who give orders, for service is some
thing all must render
In the laundry the students are
taught to remove stains from various
fabrics and dyes. to wash laCes, cur
tains. plain clothes and fancy gar
ments, to nansles fat pieces and do
plain and gloss ironing. They discuss
the relative values and cheapness of
various soaps, washing powders and
starches. and learn to operate power
washers and other labor saving devices.
Besides learning to do the work them
selves they have to learn to teach It to
children. From an hour and a half to
three hours a day are given to learning
the work and an equal length OF time.
once a week. to teaching it. The re-
naming hours of the school day are
occupied by regular studies.
CTo Be Continued On Thursday.