The Washington times., 1915-07-12
Hon Presidents Notes
Are Sent To Germany
Communications Must Pass Through Several Differ
ent Codes on Their Way From Washington to
Berln Start in Official Cipher.

depth In the sea. say for /, ,4B miles, Il 10 |
generally laid seven-eighths OF an inch
In diameter AS the depth of water
decreases the sheathlng increases the
diameter to one and one-sixteenth
inches, and the shore end has a diam
eter of two and half inches.
Cable Forty Words q Minute.
AS an example Of the sens'tiveness of
tn. cable 1t may be mentioned that on
June IA. Is. 10, few days after presi-
dent Wilson dispatched his second Lusl.
tania note. the cable service was Sc
verely interrupted by electrical disturb
ances known as earth currents" The
effects were like q series of short cir
cults. causing breaks" east and " est,
but without material effect on lines rum
ming north and south. These disturb
ances. attributed to direct Influences
from the aurora borealis. occu. at inter-
walls of ten or eleven years. Usually the
disturbances come In August, so that
| the happenings this year nearly two
months earlier was unexpected by the
cable companies.
, 1t Is possible to send code symbols
representing 200 letters a minute on
the cable. or, averaging five letters TO
| word, forty words q minute. BY the
duplex system 1t is also possible to re-
|
Ing an exchange of eighty words a
minute on each cable The operator,
| therefore. was able to send all or Pres
ident Wilson's note of 1.5o0 words in
! less than an hour.
The Western Union has eight cables
which may receive 320 words. In all
| minute, and Is capable of sending
an equal number additionally. Three
Island. one from Duxbury. Mass, and
four from North Sydney. Canada
which are reached by land wires al
this end. -Four OF the cables termin.
the west coast OF Ireland and at the
westernmost harbor OF the british
Isles; three go to Penzance. England
and one to Ballinaskellings Bay. Ire.
land.
The Commercial Cable Company op.
crates f1ve cables, four from Cone,
Island and one from Rye Beach. n
H.. all terminating at Waterville
Ireland. The French Cable Company
has two cables, one running from
Cod. Mass, both terminating at Brest
France. These are the only Atlanut
cables between this country anc
Europe since the cutting OF the German
cable at the beginning of the war
| The Government at Washington dis
tributes It's business, as far as possible
impartially between all the cable COM
| panies.
| Allies AID Germany.
From the terminals the messages ar.
sent by leased wires 10 London. ana re-
layed there by cable ana Telegraph
lines. either private or government
owned. to Amste erdam. Rotterdam. hor
land. and Copenhagen. and thence By
direct wires to Germany.
All other communications concerning
the German government and its rep
resentatives and officials here go by
wireless to the Sayville station on Long
Island. When In code a copy OF the
code book must be given to the United
States naval censor in charge at Say.
| VILE. 80 that he can translate the mes
sages to see II they are unneutral.
! II Count Won Bernstorff, the German
ambassador here, receives a note from
Minister Won Jagow. the German EN-,
>, bassy here translates II into English
before presenting II to the State De
partment. Secretary Lansing's notes tc
j Count Won Bernstorff. and generally thu
notes OF Ambassador Gerard to the Ger
man minister OF foreign affairs, are II
English. There was an exception witt
the Lusitania note on June 9. which
Ambassador Gerard first translated
: from the secret code to English and theI
had It translated into German for Min
!, lister Won Jagow.
The notes from Germany to Ambas
! sador Gerard are In German. He ha
them translated and put into secre
code before forwarding them. TIL
, coding and DECIDING OF these notes ar
far more difficult and require mucl
more time than does the mechanical
operation OF cabling.