davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1915-05-08

WASHINGTON. May S.-Cansu
Laureat at Queenstown cableo the
state department that the number OF
survivors was 6S4.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1915-05-08
Germany Asked to Furnish Details Of
Disaster Based on Statements Of
Submarine Captain.
NO WARNING GIVEN VESSEL
Stories from Survivors Landed at
Queenstown say That TorpedOes
We're Sent After LusitanIa without
First Allowing Passengers to Seek
the Small Boats.

WASHINGTON, May S,-The state
department cabled Berlin asking Ger
many to make a report to the United
States on the sinking of the Lusitan-
la. The resquest desires that the re-
port be based upon statements of the
commander of the submarine which
attacked the liner. assuming that the
Lusitania was sunk in this manner.
In effect the United States will ask
the kaiser's foreign office if Germany
is responsible for the sinking of the
Lusitania.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1915-05-08

QUEENSTowN. MAY s-The bod.
les OF 14s victims were lu the morg4s
here tonight.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1915-05-08

advertisement was the gamo 1s tho
one printed on the day the Luslaua
sailed.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1915-05-08
PASSENGERS WERE
At LUNCHEON WHEN
SHIP WAS STRUCK
Two TOrpedOes Launched Against
LUsitania by German Submarine.
Vessel Sinks in is Minutes.
BUT LITTLE PANIC ON BOARD

Those ON Vessel seemed Too Dazed
to Realize What Had Happened
Children Caught In Fastenings Of
Life Boats Hamper Launching-NoI
Warming OF Attack Given.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1915-05-08

QUEENSTOWN. May S.-Aceording
to stories of survivors the Lusitania
was torpedoed without warning. The
first torpedo exploded in the stoke
hole. Splintered steel flew high in
the air as the great boat shook from
stem to stern from the shock. A Sec
ong explosion followed Immediately.
This torpedo completed the tragedy
Fumes from the explosives permeated
every section of the smashed steamer.
Many passengers fell to the deck un-
conscious, while others. staggering
blindly. made their way to where life
boats were being lowered. Within
few minutes after she was struck the
Lusitania listed rapidly and sunk in
from 12 to 10 minutes.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1915-05-08

WASHINGTON May S.-"All we
reed to tell the public is we are ar
irving at the facts as fast as pos
sible and doing everything possible
for the injured" was the statement
of Bryan. Pressed for information
the secretary said someone on the
Lusitania saw the submarines peri
scope seemingly uphold ng the theory
that the vessel was torpedoed. He
would give no further information.
1t could not be learned whether a
cabinet meeting will be called.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1915-05-08
TO ADVERTISERS

The East oregonlan has the largest paid
circulation OF any paper In Oregon, east OF
Portland, and over twice the circulation In
Pendleton Of any other newspaper.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11
SUPREME EFFORTS
BY AUSTR0-GERMAN
Great Battle Ragged About
Przemysl
TO BELEACUER FORTRESS
Teutons Striving to Cut Off Fortress
and Release Their Armies for Oper=
atoms Against the Italians-Prog-
ress Slow.

Around the great fortress OF
Przemysl a mighty battle has been
raging. The Austro-German armies
have been making a supreme effort to
cut off the stronghold and free these
armies for operations against Italy
and the allies in the west.
Although great human sacrifices
are being made, progress lattcrly has
been extremely SLOW, DIS the Russians
have had time to bring up large re-
Inducements.
Nc,th e Drzemvsl the Rrssiars ap-
pear to De more i = hOiu1ng their
own. but to the S. beast .he Aus
TRANS and Germ..ls claim further
he;t:: way, and now command with
their artillery the / way between
Prs mysl and Groue>, which runs
jus south OF the n IN line between
Prz .nsyl and Lem: s. From Lem
b.Is, the Russians raw a large por-
tics of their reinforcements and sup
plies.
The German official statement says
tina. after ten-hOIlr artillery att ok
cas- OF the User canal the allies were
REFUSED.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11

of the sixties. May they never be
forgotten.
Good roads seems to be the slogan
there and it is a good one. Next
wants to come the dairy COW; that
is the paying proposition for Jack
son. A condenser located at Sylvia
would mean more to Jackson than
any factory you could get as it
would handle all the milk from all
up the river, and the pastures there
can't be beat.
Yours,
H. G.. BRYsoN.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11
ENTRY NO. 6O63

State of North Carolina,
Jackson County.
l, Robt. Potts, do hereby enter
and claim 40 acres of land more or
less in Hamburg Township in afore-
said County and State, lying and
being on Knob Creek adjoining my
own lands. the lands of Burney
Henderson, Allen and Isley fand
bounded and described as follows.
to wit: Beginning on a chestnut,
formerly Z. A. Hedden's corner and
runs various courses and distances
for compliments so as to include
all the vacant land in that vicinity
Entered the 25th day of May
49, Robt. Potts (SeaD.
Approved:
- John D. Norton
Clerk Elk Officio Entry Taker.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11
OASIS FOR THIRSTY.
Seventy=five Can Line Up at This
Ohio Bar.

The longest bar in Ohio has been
installed in the saloon of the Acorn
Liquor company at Bridgeport, O.,
for the benefit not only Of the thirsty
Of that city, but also those of parch-
ed Wheeling, w. Va, just across the
river,
1t is $50 feet long and twenty
bartenders work behind it. Allowing
Two feet to man, seventy-fve per-
sons can line in front Of it for 4
drink.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11
MEXICAN CHAOS.
United States May Soon Seek to End
Same.

There were plain indications at
washington that from now on the
administration will vigorously seek to
end the chaos in Mexico.
Until President Wilson makes pub
lie statement he has prepared, de-
tails of his plans will not be known,
but it was understood that the va
rious Mexican leaders will be in.
formed that the time has come fol
them to stop fighting between them
selves and agree on government
which the United States can recog-
niZe.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11
BALSAM GROVE

The writer is glad to report that
we are having some fine weather.
The people of this section are get
ting along nicely with their work.
1t is reported that MIR. Pleas
Brown of Rich Mountain, found
gold mine near Cowarts, on Mr.. B.
w. Browns farm. Hon. Gee Page,
a mineralogist from Pine Mountain
Georgia, who has had quite a num-
Der of years experience in mineral
went and examined some of the
ore. Mr.. Page reports that the
prospects are exceedingly good. It
is believed that it is the same place
where Mr. Thomas Hooper foundgold
many years ago. Mr. Hooper found
the gold and carri. d it in his pock-
ct until he died and for a certain
reason he never did tell where he
found it. Before he died he said
he liked ii SO no one ..ul,,, n find
1t. II he told any one where |, W S
before he dieu it was kept a secret.
The gold that was found Was near
the head vi Sourle' br inch. Many
things are there tc prove h it
tunes. there az many r0cns Piled
III the 1rtncu, Wfslci. irnm ala t1
c,,..o-o, ucl5 piled there 9y mali.
Nearby stand some old trees mark
ed many years ago.
Our Sunday Schools are progress
ing nicely, with d large attendance.
Rev. Sam Warlick of Balsam
Grove, preached al Johns Creek
laat Sunday. Quite d 10" at
tended from upper Caney F
The carpenters, Messrs Brown
and Swangermer, will soon have
Mr.. Jim Phillips h sc con, lied.
MIR. J. M. Hooper came home
fro. nburs2 Saturday evening
and went on a flying trip to Peacl
Tree 81 li,ty lnOrling.
i Miss Euoia Arlington was visit
ing III E>rasstown Sunday night.
tilSs Nltnie Hooper Went tt
Johns Creek Sunday.
| Mr.. billiard Hooper made a flyinf
trip t.: Tuckaseigee Sunday.
MOUNTAIN TIMES.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11
Eiphteen Perish by Floods.

Eighteen persons are known TO
have lost their lives as result OF
storms and foods in Kansas, western
Missouri and eastern Oklahoma. The
number injured is placed at twenty.
The property loss will be heavy.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11
CONSTIPATION CURED OVER
NIGHT

\ small doe 0. p .la-I.ax
ign, s...G -
j. ..<1,l :,s've:. Ell. nornlHo
No gripping, III Fo-Do Lax is i do
phyllin inlay Appiej without the
81 ,e. P Do * corrects e
Cd = CT Co g'patio:. b. arousing
the Liver, increasing the flow OF
lille. Bile is Narure's antiseptic in
the bowels Win proper amount
If bile, digestion in bowels is per
feet No gas, 40 fermentation, no
Constipation Don't be sick, ner-
vous, irritable. Get bottle of Po-
Do-Lax r. n your Druggist now
and cure your Constipation t>tr
n :>hi
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11
CONTRACT AWARDED.

The contract for the building of
the concrete steps up to the court
house was awarded to H. o. Curtis
OF this city and W. M. Brown of
East LaPorte, their bid being the
lowest received, which was $4,000.
The work will be started in about
two week and it will take two or
three weeks to complete the Job.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11

Gen. Bennett H. Young, COM
mander- in chief Of the Confederate
veterans, is ill at his home at Louis
Vile, KY, and will not be able to at
tend the reunion at Richmond, Va.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11
TO DRAIN ZUYDER EFF

Hollanders Engage Upon Gigantic
Project.
Despite the war Holland is proceed
ing with the giant project of pump
Ing the 'zuyder Zee dry Thus viii
be reclaimed half 4 million acres, Of
land, On which 25O,COO persons are
expected to find a holae.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11
NEURALGIA PAINS STOPPED

YOU don't need to suffer those
agonizing nerve pains in the face,
head, arm, shoulders, chest and
back. Just apply a few drops ef
soothing Sloan's Liniment; lie
quietly few minutes. You will
get such d relief and comfort! Life
and the Worl will look brighter.
g.: !".; u sr-.s..v orn.nr e.
25c., at all Druggists. Penetrates
without rubbing.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11

The cost will be about $1o,OOo'OOo.
The work will occupy thlrty-three
years.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11
CITY LOCALS

j. 3 Keener returned Monday
from Asheville,
Homer Ward who has been at
Sunburst for some time is back in
the i; Wis Barber Shop.
Have ou'paid your subscription
to Journal. If not please do SO
at sc.
is progressing nicely On
tn. buildings.
OH the Sylva-Dillsboro
re-; moving along and it will
no ong until the road will be
CO. Cd
l }. S. Dean was in the city
lIs,left last week for Sun
bu tare he will follow the
ba ade.
ioqdy was here Monday
on business.
Prof. Henderson of the Indian
Sc ool It Cherokee was IL the city
Moi day on business.
Mrs. J..M. Mckee has returned
fir m Abheville where she has
been visiting relatives.
A. Davis Zachary was in The
CT 5 week.
Marguriele Smathers q
A els visiting relatives iii
tn y,
Mr.. and Mrs. D. M. Hall returneo
from Asheville SATURDAY.
Andrew Hooper of Cowarts was
jr The citv MonG4v coo subscribed
fl <
villas rarhel VI Cowarts was here
Monday.
w. w. Jones was in the city Mon
day on business.
Brown OF East La Porte
W e Monday Oh 1tsiutoS
Wilson and Emily re- urnea
ST. from Shelby where they
h; cen visiting relatives.
Moody was here Molday.
fish to call attention to the
az l. Stein in this issue Mir.
S as been out OF his shop a
gr art of the zine lately but
vii found there any time you
wis, see him Call and leave
yo4r ders for work.
liss IS Lucy Heiden and JAM {
CoWsr are visiting in Webster.
Geo Moore of Shelby was in the
city this week on business.
FOR SALE Ford Roadster, 1917
Model, fully equipped, run less thar
year.
Box 416, Waynesville, N. C.
Ed Norton was in the city Mon
day.
Tom Jones of Bankers Creek wa
here Monday.
Hal Mckee returned from TRIM
ty Park, where he has been attend
ing school.
Misses Bertha Rhinehardt an
Burr eagle of Clyde were in tn
city last Friday.
F. P. Presley of Speedwell We
in town Tuesday and renewed h
subscription to the Journal. M
Presley says that everything
moving along fine on cullowhee.
~Sst, 81. =. Y - !..l.9 fiji
Miss Lucy Hedden is visitir
frieffs and relatives in the city.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11

LOST OR STOLEN White Collie
(shepherd) !, ith brown ears.
Good rev .cI for his return to
j. P. Swift,
Waynesville, N. C.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11
A DOCTORS PRESCRIPTION FOR
COUGH AN EFFECTIVE
COT1CH TREATMENT

OOOOCl lNCA wi LIN i.
One-fourth to one teaspoonfuls of
DR.. Kings New Discovery, taken as
needed, will soothe and check
Coughs, Colds and the more danger
Gus Bronchial and Lung Ailments.
You can't afford to take the SIX of
serious illness, when so cheap and
simple a remedy as DR.. Kings New
Discovery is obtainable. Go to
Druggist to-day, get bottle of DR..
Kings New Discovery, start the
treatment at once. You will be
gratified for the relief and cure OBJ
aimed.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11

Gen and Dtiil.I;.Ih li&N. ~ eli re-
peatedly cttacknd ir vioIalion of in
ternatIonal law, as steitsu by Irtsi-
dent Wilson. SO they have constant
incentive to join. In fact, Spain is
the single nation which seems to be
without trouble. Portugal is just
now in the throes of revolution
The population Of the allied ma
tons at war is as follows: Great
Britain, 45,0O0,OOO: France, 10000
600; Russia, al, 100000; Italy. 3d.
100000; Belgium, 100000; Serbia,
4,50O,OO0; Montenegro, 100000; to-
tai, 273, 5OO,OO0 The population Of
the three nations in the Germanic al
lance are: Germany, 65.00O,OOO;
AUSTRIA Hungary, 100000; Tur-
key Europe and Asia), 21,OOO,OOO;
total, 136,O0O,O0O. Grand total at
war, 400, 100000 Population of Eu-
rope, 453, 100000. People not in the
war, 43,5O0,OOO. Portugal in revolu-
ton, 100000. People at peace, 3d.
100000.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11
SUMNER SCHOOL,

All teachers who find it impossi-
BILE to attend the entire Summer
School at Cullowhee and expect to
attend only the time required by
law, will please commence, such at
tendance with the first week Of the
session or will please enter the first,
day OF the summer y lqlnle !, school, June IS.
j Respectfully yours,
8, UXvm II Rpoun
County saipegiintse ndent.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11

WAE,-LC Il you want perma
ut an3 paying employment and
can furnish references, write us
4 lck for particulars.
Singer Sewing Machine Company.
Is North Pack Square,
Ashevi!le. North Carolin a
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11
WARS BLACK CLOUD.
1t Now Hovers Over Nearly All the
European Countries.

With the entrance of Italy into the
war, the black cloud which has partly
covered Europe is now 50 extended
that only the least important nations
are not covered by it. They are the
least in population as we'll as in
area. They are Spain, Norway, Swe-
den, Denmark, Holland, Swi zerland,
Roumania, Bulgaria, Greece and Al
bania, which is in a turmoil. Rou-
mania, particularly, and Bulgaria and
e. &c, il: r g | Fiz,lD-
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1915-06-11

Jackson County Journal,
J ~ Sylvia N. C.
Observation-Disclosures you will
pleaee find s check ii. payment of
subs riptiioons: ga e." = =.
i'm glad to note that Sylvia is
to 3 we memorial to honered ones
New Britain herald., 1915-03-24
Sb0rt0grAthy
 BY "GRAvY."
McAULIFFE, OLD LIGHTWEIGHT KING, BEGINS HIS 5OTH
 YEAR TO-DAY
BY "GRAVY.~

Many a sport who sat at the ring side not so very long ago and cheered Jack McAuliffe on to victory, will emit ! a hoot of incredulity at the statement that the dashing Williamsburg Jack will begin his flftieth year today Yet it is even so, pal. We are getting along. and, although it seems but yes terday, it was a long, long time ago that happy Irish Jack displayed his prowess in the squared circle Me- 5 Auliffe, the only lightweight cham pion who retired undefeated was born in Cork on March "A, 1866. In his youth he worked in Palmers cooper age in the Williamsburg section of Brooklyn. There he wrestled and boxed with the other workmen, in cluding Jack Dempsey, afterward lightweight and middleweight cham pion, and Jack Skelly, who became famous featherweight Jack received his first lessons in the manly art from an old cooper who was pretty good with his fists, and who started the three famous Jacks on the road to fame and fortune The lads tied a pr oals lon theirsfsts instead of gloves, and many sh tfrilling battle was pulled off in the cooperage yard.
 It was in 1884, when his friend Jack Dempsey was the lightweight champion, that McAuliffe entered the professional arena During his first two years in the ring he fought twen- ty battles and won all of them. In 1885 he claimed the lightweight cham pionship of America, Dempsey having become a middleweight. In 1886 he whipped Jack Hooper in seventeen rounds in New York and Billy Frazier in twenty-one rounds in New York.
 Early in 1887 Irish Jack fought one of the several desperate battles of his career. Harry Gilmore was his op- ponent, and the fight was staged Tn Lawrence, Mass. The men fought with skin-tight gloves, and after twenty y-eight rounds Gilmore's sec onds tossed in the sponge, their mans nose having been broken. Jack was in bad way, for his eyes were bunged shut and he could scarcely see.
 Later that year McAuliffe had an other close call in a battle with Jem Carney at Revere, Mass. Carney was the English champion and the fight was for the worlds title. After sev- enty-four rounds had been fought McAuliffe was about all in and his
New Britain herald., 1915-03-24
KANSAS CITY IS 10
 RETAIN FRANCHISE.
Agreement Reached, Bringing h.
 function SuIt to End.

Kansas City, Mo-, March 24.-By an agreement between the officials of the Federal league and the Kansas Ctv Federal league club, the Kansas City organization retains d franchise and a team in the league. The agree ment was announced last night at a jubilee smoker to celebrate the reten- ton of the franchise.
 As d part of the agreement Nick Culop, pitcher, who was traded to the Brooklyn team for Players Brad ley Maxwell and Shaw, is to be re- turned to the Kansas City team and the trade cancelled.
 This action will terminate the in- junction suit against the Federal league, Judge Baldwin having ad- vised the league and the Kansas City stockholders to compromise their case. ..
New Britain herald., 1915-03-24
ALE-HARVARD RACE
 ON THAMES, JUNE 25
American Classic to Be R0Wed
 Upstream a. 4:3D P. M

New London, March 24.-The Yale- Harvard varsity eight-oared race will be rowed upstream on the Thomas river between 4:30 and 6 D. m., on Friday, June 25, according to an an nouncement by F. Valentine Chappell, chairman of the committee on arr engagements. The tide in the river will be at ebb at 130 D. m and flood at 7:37 that evening, and it will be necessary to have the race rowed about 4:30 if advantage is to be taken of good water at the upper end of the course.
 The morning races, about IO:1h will be either four-oared varsity event or one of the substitute fresh- men eights, from Red Top to the navy yard and the freshmen eight event from the navy yard to the draw bridge.
 The varsity race last year was rowed upstream, as it was in 1891, 1905, 1907, 1908 and 1909.
 MT. Chappell has made arrange ments with the railroad companies for observation trains along the river banks.
New Britain herald., 1915-03-24
 Fyauhe Remain Kana CHyChae WhHe An Freddie Welsh

friends broke into the ring and stopped the fight. Carney had tae best of it, but the affair was called a draw
 Tn 1889 McAuliffe fought Billy Myer in a little mining town in IT. linois. Early in the bout Jack broke his arm, but he used his good wing so effectively that he got a draw after Sixty-four rounds of fighting and stalling. Vast sums had been wag- cred on the result by McAuliffe's back CTS and the miners who looked upon the Streator cyclone as their hero. The miners did everything in their power to intimidate Jack, and even threatened him with clubs and slung shots, but he was game to the core and saved the money of those who had put their money on him. Later he gave Myer a thorough beating in the New Orleans tournament in which Corbett defeated Sullivan.
 McAuliffe retired undefo ated in 1896 and turned his tile over to Kid Lavigne. Betting on the ponies was his favorite occupation and he won and lost several juicy fortunes on the turf.
 McAuliffe believes that the boxers of today cannot compare with the old crowd, and declares that the pugilists of the present period are lacking in gray matter.
New Britain herald., 1915-03-24
NEW FLAG FOR NEW YORK

New York, March 24.-The boar1 of aldermen yesterday adopted flag for the city of New York--three per- pendicular bars of blue, white and orange, which were the colors of the Dutch flag used when New York was New Netherlands. The board also
 adopted a new city seal, which will appear in blue on the white bar of
 the flag. The new emblem will be raised on the city hall on June 12,
 the 250th anniversary of the estaD- lishment> of the board of aldermen. Heretofore there has been no stand ard city flag. the nearest to this be- ing the mayors flag. ..
New Britain herald., 1915-03-24
TO-DAY IN PUGILISTIC ANNALS.

1S99-Kid Mccoy defeated Joe Choynski in twenty rounds at San Francisco. That was an exhibition of scientific boxing that will long be remembered by the California sports. Both men were tall and slender, Joe having slight advantage in height and weight and Mccoy having a longer reach. Both were brainy, in- telligent boxers. Joe Choynski the California Jew, was the son of a rabbi, intellectual in his tastes beyond the average pugilist, and well edu- cated Mccoy, dark. black k-haired, sneering, had reduced fighting to d science. Two more intelligent men have seldom mixed it in a ring A big crowd witnessed the fight and in the betting the odds favored the Hoosier against the native son. AL though Jim Kennedy awarded the de- cision to Mccoy, he did not win by any wide margin, for Joe was right there all the time.
 1866-Jack McAuliffe, former light weight champion, born in Cork, Ire land.
 1SS1-George Gunther, negro mid- dleweight, born in Melbourne, Aus tralia.
 1890-Jimmy Murphy, Italian light weight, born in Chicago.
New Britain herald., 1915-03-24
SILENT MARTIN WINS.

New York March 24.-Silent Mar tin, the mute middleweight boxer of Brooklyn, was entitled to the honors over Al Mccoy, the Brooklyn boxer, who gained considerable reputation by reason of his knockout of George Chip, at the conclusion of their ten round bout, which featured the bill last night at the Broadway Sporting club of Brooklyn. It was an inter- esting bout throughout with never a let-up in aggressiveness on the part of both boxers The mute middle weight, however, landed more clean and effective blows than his cham pion'' opponent. At the final bell Mccoy was palpably distressed, while Martin apparently was fresh.
New Britain herald., 1915-03-24
F1rt Move On Program for Woman's
 International Congress.

New York. March 2f.-The pro- gram for the woman's international congress in the interest of peace, to bo held at The Hague next month, just received here from Holland. shows that the first move to be made in the congress will be to urge a truce in the European war. Women of prac- tically all nations, including those at war, are expected to attend the con- gress. Exercises will be held in Dutch, English, French and German.
 The franchise for women as an eff fcctive means of preventing future wars is to be a topic of discussion.