davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-29
Continued from First Page.

versed with sisters who have beer
outraged. Such positive evidence no
only makes the given negative evidence
useless. but also furnishes moral GER.
titude. reasonable proof In other words
h the horrid crime was committed
Nor ran the crime be excused on thu
plea that the sisters could not be dis.
tinguished from other women by CART
or other insignia. They actually wore
garb-the legality OF this act Il
neither here nor there at present. Fol
the rest, It Ii not a matter Of surprise
that our special agents. and others too
did not get Information about the afors.
said crimes.
THE second item Of Mr.. Tumuity's
letter worthy Of notice concerns NIT
Faredes's testimony about tho treat.
ment Of sisters and priests. In order
that this should be evaluated at III
proper worth. It Is necessary 70 say
that Mt. Paroles 10 Q Capransista, who
ment from Carran1a and by the suffer.
ance OF the Ordinary Of Mexico city
who confirmed the appointment to avoid
greater trouble.
SHIFTS me Blame.
Mgr. Paroles admits the murder and
- " DSS SoOu
that he Ii. he accuses the ZapatistAs OF
h crimes. He could nave given more
extended information to our State De.
partment. for two Christian brothers
were brutality murdered by the villistas
and several priests we're tortured by
them in q most revolving fashion a. q
time when Villa and Carransa were such
firm friends that one was conratulatin0
h other on the work done.
svTU,n >ttNnp nf sAp~(v aA AL
afidavits made in the regular way by
h tortured priests In the presence OF
Bishop Lynch OF Dallas. Tex. Moreover
he the letter Of q Christian brother
announcing the foul murder Of two OF
his companions. Finally. what would
Mgr. Paroles say to this document signed
by two Of Mexico's most sanity Arch.
bishopsf
""To their E%minences. the Cardinals
Bishops Of the Holy Catholic Church In
the United States Of America:
1--WE. the undersigned. members OF
mo hierarchy OF Mexico now In exile In
the United States Of America, do de-
clare that the statements already pub
lished by the magazine E~rteHston and
the papers America. Columb bad and
Southern Messenger Of murders. tortures
outrages against the Church. the clergy
and the sisters Of Mexico are. In all
their general statements, true. The
whole truth Of the terrible persecution
Of the clergy inc the religious OF Mex
leo has not been told even yet. But 1,
ought to be made known for the future
benefit Of the many innocen sufferers.
Purpose Of the Excesses.
1.-THE purpose Of the mon who have
inflicted these injuries on US 10 plainly
to destroy religion in Mexico. TO Danish
those whom they do not kill. TO steal
the property consecrated to the service
of God. to desecrate what they cannot
steal and 10 soil as much as they can
the good name Of the innocent The
eravest injury has been done to the
cause Of God and the Church in Mexico.
Tho latter to-day lies p%rostrate.'
prudence requires the suppression OF
names. but ] shall furnish signed copies
OF the documents to Mr.. Tumulty on re-
quest.
'Ons point requires to be considered.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-29
Reports 81 Attack. Not Proved,

1T Is true that the nuns had already
lott Zacatecas. but they had gone TO
vera cruz. where they remained until
november, when they were sent by tins
government on a steamer to the United
States, During all the time of their STAY
In Vera Cruz-and they remained there
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-29

M thA fAaA nnr-
ference IN an n,har 49, 81, .ho rom.
maande~~ ANA an,hnr,,,as aei,ataa ,a,,
Csrr.rs. r.r,,.S h.,na.. "a To- .,r,,ia'
lancr,are rsserrirs ,hs r%at,sr a. CO.
Carrsnss ana stain" ina, bs wouid
,=nss...uu rer'y az no 1eeinea pest Ihe
there seemed to be no organisation, while
om tne otner unity n harmony were
eviuoht such discipline Looked encour-
esins luz |texicos salVation ana the
ccIIe!ees aiter careful and Impartial
oonsiuoratioh OF all the facts decided
Unanimously 10 recommend TO their re-
spec.iVe RIM that the Govern
,nent OF whicn Zen. Csrransa was the
.eaueT ousnt 10 De recognized az the dc
.acup oroVernmeht or Mexico. IL - IN
.erestihk 10 more that the Latin. Amer
'esn countries joining IN the conferences
ana IN the recognition are all OF them
Sa.no"o Countries
az tnis TINE n peace seems 10
10 snproachlhg Tor that country 50 Ions
uesoiated ny civil strife, II should be the
duty or all good citizens OF both coun-
tries 10 contribute In every manner 10
the early rehabilitatbn or that rich and
i.uitiui Iand' ANY enort to DRAG out
all tne horrors OF a fratricldal war and
put tnem on parade. to paint only the
Oleh wv "ouftb "itft
mat country Ia PROSTATE In sorrow and
its people praying Tor peace. Is scarcely
a which any friend OF Mexico
would undertake or In which any man
couid ma pride.
woros OF needed.
.sWo-o. 80 -
ellis ,,or ma ,rsa.h'. 49,, ~.
$500. 30 tna, nai, "ou,u ", ,ne
hsn.S;,,,n, a.'.eu peopie' prove
a,,.So. ,"e" an" nonoI " the
nsaS,,, "a 49, syu.ps'ny ar'
-. 49, .ou' " ,"eI.iIu' now ue-
cacv in "on'e,iu, e"i-
,h.' ~ Wv reof,e vi MsAi.A III
arou.. su.eo". HI,o'.s W
u,,,, go. ~ iee,'nss ainohs mem
v,nnna. n,h,u, -, ppeu.ns she~ 'ns
o..,,n" '"ou'" re nea'eu anu oI
,.aSs "" oo'e w 'or,uIe '"a' QUOT
,nsa~ %o III 40 'neir Nh!hus are kept
.nn aSa'Hs. 'neir orethren.
-, 60 oo.ooer i'lo, the pepartmeht
ease " ,ne press tne
- ~ ~ 'e"'''' " reiis'"us Tree
..uar 49,
o nv inLuInna''on OF thosc VINO
,ono..'.S n'uu...es vi the ''epa.,Weht
49, Ie''suus freedom IN Mexico
$50 "eD" Tue s"ps,ahce OF n
LII. addressed 10 the l,epart-
u"InN S'.'o W" oc'uoer ., 1910 ny
U.s., ,ne washington rep
ar go ., zen, ,'rrahHa'
- u honor 70 say ina mas
49, , " .no .es'au'!shn,eht OF peace
49, " a.u @M Is me purpose OF
eSo'e.in"eh' oi .ehustiato C~arranza.
49, enu ena' al 'he ihhapitants OF
,'nn.,s m'.nou. eNceptioh' whether ma
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-29

going gives you the Information you de-
sire. With best wishes. sincerely yours.
~. +. I'uMULrY,
Secretary 10 the President.
'Dr. James J. Mcclure. 122 West State
street. Trenton, n. j."
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18
OFFERED lob T0).
GOVERNOR DEV|NE
Former Chief Executive May Be
New Head Of State Reform
9choole.
9choole.

The superintendency OF the State
Reform school at Mandan was ten
dered TO former Governor Joseph NJ.
Deyine by the board of control, &C
cording to an announcement from that
office. Mr.. Devine has aked for time
to consider the proposition and will
give the board his answer in the near
future.
superintendent J. w. Browns resig.
nation becomes effective June l, and
the new superintendent will take ~
his work at that time-Mr. Deylne,
should he accept the position.
Mr.. Brown will leave June l for his
old home in Maine, after working for
forty-two years with boys and girls.
I'VE regret to part with Mr.. Brown
said J. ". Jackson OF the board Of
control yesterday afternoon, "he has
been a thoroughly efficient public ser.
want. But We feel that Mr.. Devin,
will make a worthy successor to the
retiring superintendent. ! There is alb.
soluteiy; no politics in this appoint.
ment, Mr.. Devine will have to sacri-
flee some things If he takes the posi-:
ton"
Mr.. Devine resides at Minot. He is
at present secretary CT the state nor
NAL board. He has occupied the gov
errors chair, been lieutenant COVER
nor, state superintendent of public in
.struction and for some time was, sup
erintendent Of public instruction inII,a
,Noure& county. y.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18

mel is the legacy which Europe re-
ceived from the Vikings" said the
senator. Her sons, renowned in war,
have been a potent factor in all thu
vicissitudes OF the ev%er-changing ma
tons OF Europe; her philosophy has
enlightened the world; her explora'
tons have brought forth new cont
nents, and given her undying fame;
her literature Is unexcelled in any
language or in any country.
Desirable Citizens.
This American nation has received
character and sturdy self.reliance
from all its immigration from north.
ern Europe. We are sometimes in
formed that we do not get the best OF
European population in u immigra.
ton. This is not wholly true. From
the northern part of Europe l believe
we get the very best. We do not
want the children of European wealth.
We want men whose character has
been strengthened by a fair degree o:
hardships. The industry, frugality
and economy Of our Scandinavian pop.
ulation have done more than any 9th.
people In developing the great
Northwest They have converted the
deserts into lands whose boundless
gladdens the whole world
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18
NEW
Mia. SEWER DISTRICT
City Commission Ordered in Six.
teen Blocks of Sewer Last
Night

Sewer District Number 4 was Gre
ated by the city commission last night
and sixteen blocks of new W. was
ordered in on Eleventh, Twelfth, Thir.
teenth and Fourteenth streets.
The new district extends from the
center Of Twentieth and from the cen.
ter Of the n. P. tracks north to the
center of the Boulevard.
The entire district is to stand the
cost of the sewer lift Which is to be
installed at an estimated total cost
of $4,000. The cost of the sewer it.
selft will be assessed against the abut.
ting property only.
Sixteen blocks of sewer was order.
ed in as follows: On Eleventh, Thir.
teenth and Fourteenth streets from
Broadway north to Avenue D; on
Twelfth street from Broadway to the
Boulevard. The estimated total cost
of the sewer, as figured by the city
engineer is SIS, 1000.
'@' City Printing.
Bids were opened for printing the
commissioners proceedings and all
other city printing for the ensuing
wear. The Tribune's bid was at the
legal rate. The Palladium submitted
a bid to do all the city printing at
% 1-3 the legal rate. Mayor Lucas ap.
pointed Commissioners Bertsch, Kirk
and Best to investigate the matter and
report at the next meeting with re-
Communications.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18
TOBACCO HABIT
EASILY CONQUERED

A New Yorker Of wide experience
has written a book telling how the
tobacco or snutr habit may be easily
and completely banished In three
days with delightful benefit The an.
thor, Edward ]. Woods, 1423-A, Sta
ton E, New York City, will mail his
book frea on request \, -.
The health tmproveBs wonderfully
after the nicotine poison Is out OF thn
system. Calmness, tranqaif#s sleep
clear eyes, n~rmal appetite. good ~
gestion, manly. vigor, strapg pemory
and q general gain in emciency any
among the many dement's reported.
Get rid Of tnat nervous feeling; no
more need Of pipe, cigar, cigarette.
snur or chewing tobacco to pacify
morbid desire.-Adv.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18
EDUCATING THE IMMIGRANT
CHILD.

Every immigrant child arriving at
a United States port OF entry will
henceforth be reported Immediately to
the school authorities in the locality
to which he is destined, SO that he
may be placed in school without loss
OF time and without danger Of being
shunted off into unlawful employ
ment. This is made possible by CO
operation between two federal bu-
reaus-the Bureau of immigration Of
the Department of Labor and the Ehl-
reau Of Education in the Department
Of the Interior.
According to the plan agreed upon
by Commission rs Caminetti and
Claxton OF the two bureaus concern
cd. the post officials will have the
name OF immigrant children between
the ages OF 5 and 16 copied from the
manifest sheets submitted by steam
ship captains and forwarded, daily OR
weekly, to the county or city super.
intendent OF schools.
Bureau of Education officials point
out that the success of the plan will
depend almost entirely upon the
authorities. If the attendance officer
follows up at once the families where
the newly arrived Immigrants have
been received, it will be possible to
enroll every child in school. Other
wise, the child Is apt to accept EN-.
ployment and be forever beyond the
influence OF American education.
1t Is pointed out that about 5000
children between the ages OF 5 to e
enter the United States annually; S.
per Zen Of these COM from non-En.
glish speaking countries, particularly
(rom southern European and Asiatic
countries. Unless these children come
into contact with American life
through the public school, they are
likely to grow up ignorant Of Ameri.
can institutions and thoroughly unfit
for citizenship.
The plan of sending the names Of
these Immigrant children immediate
ly to county and city superintendent
- a first step in the upbuilding of a
domestic immigration policy by the
United States government, according
to DR.. H. II. Wheaton, special agent
in immigration education of the
United States Bureau of Education.
1T marks the. beginning Of the end OF
the doctrine of laissez faire with re'-
erence to the Americanization of the
immigrant" declared DR.. Wheaton.
DR.. p. P. Claxton, commissioner Of
Education, has communicated with
city and county superintendent
throughout the United States, urging
them to use every effort to seek out
the children reported to them by the
immigration authorities and see that
they are enrolled in school.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18

c, ton will raise the average level Of
any community.
That the strongest community in
the state is the best organized one.
That the farmers club represents a
powerful unit for organizing rural
communities for social and economic
service. Nv
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18

Pioneer State Bank, Towner, CAPT
tai stock $4,000; directors. H.: n
Thompson, Towner; F. G. Bullock
Donbigh; Ella l.. Thompson, Towner'
McHenry Cemetery association. NC
Henry; trustees, w. A. Larson, Theo'
|dore Ell 'ingson. Andrew Nerby, j. W
Ellingson, Gus Schwenk, all Of NC
Henry. y9%4.
Sons OF Norway Building associa'
ton, Minot, capital stock $4,000;
John J.. Lee, o. P. Nnstad, John K
|Syeen, John Strommen, r. A. Nestos
directors.
~ oliver Mercer Telephone company
Center, capital stock $1,000; directors
E. T. Knox, Stanton; !. 0. Lee. Han
mover; H. C. Richey, Stanton; Henry
Schultz, Center; H. o. Monson, Cen
ter. Build line from Center to Stan
ton and perhaps to Hazen. and from
Ceter to Fort Clark. and branchtlines:
all about 1875 miles at an estimated
cost of $1,000. "
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18
PUBLIC LIBRARY,

No one doubts that Bismarck, tho
capital city Of the state should have
a public library. In this day and age
when books seem Indispensable to ans
degree of right living, to say nothing
of the crying necessity for them in
the education OF the young, it seems
a great pity that Bismarck has no Ii.
brary. 1t is n gf the few cities of
It's size and int6dsttsikcs3a ths Rhole.
United States without library facil.
tiles. This is a distinction that does
the city small credit, and her public.
spirited citizens should hasten to re.
move 1t. In the minds OF some
thoughtful people the library is even
more important than the Fairgrounds,
Important as they r conceded TO be.
Every day to- the educated people OF
Bismarck the need of a library seems
q keen necessity, 70 be without n
seems. almost an i%ntolerable hardship.
Those who have recently come to Bis.
marck from cities.~where,~a Library
seems part Of the order of things as
drinking water, FEEL this lack with
peculiar force. It Ia hard for them to
get adjusted to the situation, and to
provide themselves with the books
which they need daily for study, recre-
alton and the proper preparation OF
their days work when engaged in lit
erary pursuits. The busy nan " wo.
man finds it inconvenient to make q
trip to the capitol for such facilities
as are provided there.
But If the educated man or woman
feels this lack how much more the
less educated who have hitherto been
deprived Of the advantages which ed:
ucated people have found elsewhere.
BY common consent there IL no sub
stitute for early educational deft-
ciencies so potent as a good library.
A wide acquaintance with books can
often take the place Of extended edu.
cational advantages and they r poor
Indeed, who through force Of circum-
stances are deprived OF both. Lastly
in the proper nurture Of the young O
public library is indispensable. If for
no other reason the people Of Bis
marck should provide a public library
for the young people that they may
not grow up without adequate &C
Quaintance with the worlds literary
heritage OF worthy books, nor without
the facilities in the way of reference
books which they need in the prepar'
alton OF their lessons and for collat.
eral reading in connection with them.
All honor to those who are realiz'
ling the need and who are endeavoring
Ito SUPPLY It. Bismarck has a number
Ibf citizens who have been working
lizard to obtain a public library but
their efforts, and their numbers must
be constantly augmented by others in
terested in the project, that altogeth'
er they may work until the public IL
,brary of Bismarck becomes an &C.
complished fact.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18

Delegates and visitors send names
for entertainment to Mrs. T. H. Fer
Der, Cakes, n. D. The following are
the officers Of the organization: Pres
ident, Mrs. T. H. Ferber, Cakes; vice
president, Mrs. J. S. Johnson, Ellen
dale; vice president, Mrs. Williams T..
Nickel, Dickinson; vice president, Mrs.
r. H. Craig, Bismarck; recording sec.
Rotary, Mrs. George E. Wallace, Bis
marck; corresponding secretary, Mrs
E. B. Goss, Bismarck: treasurer, Mrs
A. A. Harleman Dickinson.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18
New CORPORATIONS

New Corporations. = .
The following corporations have
been chartered by Thomas Hall. sec
rotary Of state:
City Dairy company, Grand Forks.
capital stock $.00,N00; directors, J.
w. Cox, N. P. Pollard, w. F. Davey,
all Of Grand Forks. Purpose, to carry
on a general dairy and creamery bust.
ness r.. Is W. y 4
Toxic State bank. Toxic, capital
stock $4,000; directors. Ole N. Gref'
sheim, Alexander Curry, B. Gilbertson.
O. H. Olson. Ole J. Wig. all of Sharon.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18
A RETURNED.

H. L. Reade, first assistant fire mar
shall has just returned from an ex'
tended trip through the southeastern
part Of the state on which he invest.
gated conditions in many Of the towns.
He reports the country as being in
fine shape. ~
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18
NORWEC|ANS N Il
A CELEBRATION
Governor Hanna Guest of Honor
in Chicago-Mc Cumber at
ID Neville.
N In CHICAGO.

HANNA IN CHICAGO.
Chicago, May 17.-Governor
Hanna Of North Dakota was the
guest Of honor today at tho cele.
bration Of the 101st anniversary
Of Norwegian independence. Ten
thousand Norwegian school chill
dren, dressed in native costume,
formed in a procession a mile.
long e..
Yesterday was, Norway's indepen
dence day and it was fittingly celia
brated wherever Scandinavians could
congregate in this nation. A monstei
, net:ng of Observation-Disclosures was
held yesterday at Chicago at which
Governor Hanna of this state was the
principal speaker. At Neville, Sena'
tor P.J. McCumber delivered a nots'
Bile address. Similar meetings were
held at other points in this state.
In his Neville address, Senator Nc
cumber referred to the extreme early
history Of Norway and of the Scandi
navian race. He pointed out that the
root Of all our English and American
Jurisprudence was found in the Gus
toms and usages OF the early Scandi
navians in the wales Of Norway
The Viking Period.
He passed on to the Viking period
which began the middle of the eight
century. That the Viking spirit and
independence preserved democrat!
and representative government in Eu
rope and stayed the encroaching des
potism OF the more southern and east
ern sections of that continent was
the point made by the speaker.
"A government by law and not b,
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18
Capitol Notes
Or CREWE is BACK.

DR.. Crewe, state veterinarian, has
returned from Madison, Wis, where
he was q witness in an important
suit involving the sale Of t%ubercular.
cattle.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18
ROOF A SIEVE.

The capitol roof has been leaking
badly during the recent rainy wealth
er. Several men were busy mopping
up the lobby on Saturday on accoua,
Of the many leaks around the sky
light.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18
The Weather
Forecast.

For! North Dakota: Fair weather
and rising temperature tonight, and
Tuesday; frost east and central por-
tons tonight.
ORRIS w. ROBERTS,
Section Director,
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18

OFF TO OFFICERS SCHOOL.
Lieutenant Turner and Major Franz
Henry have gone to Devils Lake to
attend the officers school OF instruc-
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18
TUESDAY, MAY 10, 1915.


. WHERE THE TRIBUNE CAN
. BE BOUGHT. .
FARGO. N. Q.
Gardner Hotel
Grand Forks. N. O.
Hotol Frederick.
Devils Lake, N. ..
II. B. Rosenberg. News agent
G. J. B. Turner. News agent
MInot. NJ. ..
AAnssn Bros.
DIckInson. N. o.
81 Charles Hotel.
Minneapolis, MINI.
Kemp & Cohen. News agents,
Hotel Dyckfnan.
Hotel Radisson.
St. Paul, MINI.
Merchants Hotel.
g. AariA Fifth g.. News aSsat
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18
WORTH REM EM6ERiNG-

That your neighbors are good peo-
pie.
That good neighbors are the result
Of good neighbors.
That no community can rise higher
than the average level Of all its PEG
pie.
Thas discussion, publicity, and edu-
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18

ton for officers OF the North Dakota
National Guard, (which is to be held
the fore part Of this week.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18
Granted Charters,

GfaHveU VUdTCeTS.
The state banking board met Sat.
urda, morning before the governor de-
parted and transacted routine bust
ness besides granting charters to the
following banks: Toxic State OF TO
hio: Pioneer State of Towner; Far.
mers' State Of Medina.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-05-18

Tribune want ads orlng results.
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1915-02-20
What the Extra Man Costs
Rejected by Other States

A Full Crew law was enacted in Missouri and signed by the Governor April
1918. In November 1914, it was submitted a referendum vote The people rpudated
the law by vote of 324 OS5a @rt 1858.
A proposed ul Crew Law fr Texas failed to pass owing to the popular protest against
it, led by thu Mme
In 1907, GOVERNOR Charles E Hughes of New York. vetoeda an aHempt to enact a
Full Crew Law in that state
In 1912, Governor John A Dix of New York, also vetoed a Full Crew measure
Governor FoS, of Massachusetts, vetoed a Full Crew bill passed by the Legislature
In 81 the State Assembly wisely referred a Full crew hw to the Railroad
COMMISSIONS of Connecticut who promptly ondemned it.
Attempts to enct Fn Crew avs in Colorado Delaware, Virginia, ad Ohio were
defeated.
In Pennsylvania, New Jersey, lew York; and Maryland such laws are in force. In
the interest of the public, the railroads. and the great BODY of railroad EMPLOYEES hse
bmdemomehw avs should be- repealed. In Pennsylvania approximately $4,000 men are
employed in train service Only $500 of these are extra bskemen