davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-10

lonia. Science, in nearly all its
branches, began there. And then, with
the rise and fall of one world-empire
after another, civilization rather left
those regions and peoples. Now 1t may
be brought back again, at the point Of
the British bayonet and Indian lance.
War is no new thing to Mesopotamia
and the Persian gulf. The Tigris and
Euphrates for thousands of years have
sands have been drenched with it. Chal-
deans and Assyrians, Babylonians and
Modes and Persians, Greeks and
Romans have fought and died there, in
some cases almost to determinations
Great mounds give merely a suggestion
of the glory that was. The Turkish
forces have followed the very trail of
the Ten Thousand Greeks. The mound
which Is all that is left of the Tower
of Babel may yet be used as Turkish
rampant to stem the advance of the
Ang1o-Indian forces.
Gone though the magni1cence of old
may be. Mesopotamia is still empire
stun. Politically 1t is of prime impor-
lance to Great Britain: it is essential
that the Turk be driven out for these
are regions marked by Germany for
German expansion to the Persian gulf,
where will run the Bagdad railway,
which Is considered a menace to India.
Victory will give protection to the
great Oil fields across the border in
Persia, whence comes the fuel for the
oil-burning British navy of the future,
which will rule the waves for Britain
mia. SO that the Britons never shall be
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-10

centrated on the Euphrates for an at
tack on Basrah. The British garrison
made sortie but. after INJECTING
heavy punishment, was forced to re-
turn to Shaiba. Later the British went
out again and at point called 'BurJ-
sieh fought a great battle. the greatest
in which Indians and English nave
ever fought together. The British
enormous. Well constructed defense
works across the desert were taken at
the point of the bayonet. After the
rout," says a writer, the ARABS, es-
sentially opportunists. completed the
ing and plundering their wounded and
stragglers."
X 4,
At the end Of May the British force
started up the Tigris from Kurna.
Ships of the navy, conveying soldiers
in barges, with infantry operating
through the marshes slowly moved
forward and the Turks scattered to-
ward Bagdad in boats. The town of
Amara was reached and taken. The
Turks was Nasariyeh. on the Euphra
Turks was Nasariyeh, on the Euphrates
Starting from Kurna, the British force
began terrible advance. The country
was flooded. the thermometer showed
115 degrees in the shade. Finally.
however, the enemy was beaten. His
losses were heavy again, and great
numbers of prisoners were taken. A
message of warm congratulation came
from the king emperor of the Anglo
Indian force, the Turk was finished in
Lower Mesopotamia. the sultan had
lost one of his richest provinces.
Water and sand, heat and the ,dank
chill of wet nights and clothes-these
are the things which the British and
Indian troops have had to fight, along
with the Turks and Arabs Sandstorms
have swept the battlefields. The willy
Arabs, on their fleet little steeds. know
none of the discomforts of an atmos-
phere filed With flying particles from
the desert sands. At one time 4 party
of Arabs. screened by a sandstone,
made a raid on an invading force. The
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-10
DANGER OF. THE POTOMAC,
CRAB BECOMING EXTINCT

ing in such portions of the great bay
as come under their respective jurisdic-
lions. -----
The Maryland view is that Virginia
fishery legislation, while Maryland has
been mistakenly liberal, or else her
laws have left loopholes which make
their enforcement next to impossible
AS nearly everybody knows, the boun-
dairy between Maryland and Virginia is
the low-water mark on the south or
the west side of the Potomac river. Yet
for many years, say the Marylanders,
Maryland has allowed Virginia to use
the whole river in common with her
own citizens, while Virginia has given
nothing in return.
The Maryland shellfish commission
makes the statement, which seems strange
to most persons unadvised on this subject.
that no resident of Maryland may fish in
Virginia waters, under penalty of con-
fiscation of property and imprisonment
of the commander of the vessel breaking
the Virginia law. and no resident of Mary
land may even hold stock in a fish factory
in Virginia.
One of the charges of the Maryland
shellfSh commission is that fish pirates
have been permitted to dredge the spawn
peake bay unhindered by any laws to pre-
serve the shellfish. and have pillaged to
an extent which threatens the entire in
dustry. The officials of Maryland and
Virginia have no authority to regulate the
fishing in the bay at large, and Congress
has never troubled itself to enact laws
which would protect the crab fishing in
dustry, which involves millions each year
for the two states.
An. effort is to be made to have Con-
will include a proposition for some uni
form laws making ordinary conservation
methods compulsory on the fishermen Of
both Virginia and Maryland.
According to. the authorities on crabs,
the creatures which swarm up the bay
in summer and crowd the mouths of the
fresh water streams return to the lower
Chesapeake in winter, and cover the
shoals where there is no danger Of the
surface freezing. Fishermen attack the
Shoals with gasoline boats and heavy
dredging machinery, and have made big
profits by supplying the all-year market
for crab meat. 1t is estimated that 80
per cent of the crabs found each winter
on the lower shoals are females.
The crab grows by shedding its shell,
there being six phases in its life, which
are repeated until the shellf1sh is full
grown. First. there is the hard crab.
Next comes the spot" in which the inner
soft shell is beginning to form. Next is
the "peeler," when the inner soft shell
is complete. When the hard shell begins
to separate at the back We have the
buster. and then from the shell
energies the soft crab. A few hours in
the water and the shell begins to harden.
Until few years ago fishermen did not
gather in and ship the meat of female
crabs, under an old belief that they were
not desirable food. but at present they
sell female as well as male crabs. which
tends to hasten the determination of the
crab and the ruin CT a fairly profitable
and widely extended industry in the coun-
try tributary to Washington.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-10

yards we covered it looked blacker and
blacker. 1t was impossible to go any
further. The cavalry went for water.
The sights 1 saw were awful. I thought
I was to die. This country is a terrible
place for a white man.
So far as is known now, the British
objective is Bagdad. 1t is still a pic
turesque city of the east. but without.
in large measure. the glory that was
it's own when the Calf Haroun-Al-
Raschid. principal figure of the Ara
bian Nights" ruled most magnificently
until one jovial evening, when he called
for, and got, the head of his favorite
vizier, the vizier's four sons and all
their descendants, to the number of
1000. From then his glory waned, and
the famous calf died repenting.
The British columns, scattered far
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-10
Garden of Eden Battlefield for Modern Armi

that most ancient of places. Then there
is the tomb of Ezra, the Prophet. above
Kurna, which is the shrine for the He
brews, who make pilgrimages there.
Farther up the river, which sweeps
like a Nile or Mississippi, are the ruins
of Ctesiphon, capital of the Parthian
kingdom, which fell to the Romans
more than 1000 years ago.
Across is Seleucia, or what remains
of that city. where once half a million
people lived Bagdad now has not the
magnificence it once had, perhaps. but
it is still a fantastic tour of the east.
and still, amidst the brilliantly colored
and peculiarly shaped buildings. there
dwell people who even today Mt well
into the Arabian Nights. Farther up.
the Tigris are Moeul and Nineveh. Forty
miles away. on the bank Of the Eu-
pirates, are the shapeless mounds that
were Babylon in all its glory. In that
vicinity, too. is the great mound that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-10

ing. Distant observers could see the
idle British batteries on the one side
and off in another direction the flying
Turks. 1t was inexplicable unless the
ammunition had given out. This was
not the case. the caissons were full.
What happened was that suddenly the
Turkish forces disappeared from the
sight of the British gunners. mi
rage, showing a lake and palms, had
come between the artillerymen and
their human targets. They could no
longer see the flying enemy, conse-
quently they ceased fire, and many
Turks escaped destruction.
The Garden of Eden was, we are told.
at the juncture of the Tigris and
Euphrates rivers. where Kurna is now.
Some scientists say 1t was elsewhere.
but others think Kurna is the place
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-10

where the outrage occurs are punished,
or are supposed to be. and they proba-
bly, take 1t out on tn etribesmen, who
suffer in the end. but who thus manage
to make some trouble for their imme-
date oppressors.
The Anglo-Indian force lapded at Fac,
on the Persian gulf. last November. BY
land and water they advanced up the
Shatt-el-Arab and occupied Basrah. At
Basrah the force was organized for
further advance. Another expedition
was arranged to guard the hundred
mile-iong pipe line leading from the
Anglo-Persian Oil Company's fields to
the coast, which was threatened by the
tribe of Chaab, whom the Turks had
melted.
Early this year the invaders advanced
up the river for Kurna, which was soon
captured. Meanwhile the enemy con.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-10
HOW AsSHUR-BANI-PAL WENT TO WAR.
nty five hundred years ago. From nm ancien,

square miles of this storied territory.
Much of it was gained after stubborn
and bloody fighting. for the Turks, and
the Arabs. whose aid they have enlisted.
or forced, are foes worth while, brave,
resourceful, and with a knowledge of
the ways of river and desert which the
British and Indian troops have had to
learn. The troops have undergone the
greatest hardships. This has been the
The Tigris and the Euphrates. great
waterways both, flow through level
plains. Between the two rivers, in the
ever expanding "jezireh," or island. as
the Arabs call 1t, and on the outward
banks, the plains are intersected by
great network of canals and, streams
tributary to the two main rivers. The
canals are relics Of the ancients. Some
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-10

a useful purpose other than CONNER
cial.
The wastes on either side of the
Tigris are inhabited by Arabs and
Kurds. They know no law: they kill
each other with impunity, stranger
has much to fear within their gates
They are, however, oppressed by their
Turkish masters and have no means of
redress of their own. So, when oppres-
sion becomes too great. they fire on
British steamer. 1t is like the pebble
thrown in still pond-the ripples go
far and wide.
When. from the reedy bank of the
Tigris. sudden volley flashes forth
and bullets f1atten themselves on one
of these British steamers. OF kill some
one aboard, international waters are
greatly disturbed. The ripple reaches
London The British ambassador in
makes vigorous protest. The sultan is
obliged to do something. The Turkish
army officers commanding the district
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-10
E in the British Museum.

Europeans and Indians were blinded
but the Arabs were bothered little and
came to the attack concealed by the
great clouds of dust which the wind
swirled up froms the desert.
Never in this world war has such a
picturesque thing happened as on one
day in the fighting along the Shatt-el-
Arab, nor has any force had the mirac-
ulous escape from determination or at
least further heavy losses than the
Turkish army that day. The fighting
had been brisk and the Turks were be-
ing beaten The British artillery was
performing in grand manner. shrapnel
was being laid straight into the Turk
ish intrenchments Finally the Turks
broke and ran. The British advanced.
shells fell among the flying troops.
Suddenly the British guns ceased mr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-10

NGONDAN Force Fighting for Empire Ancient Cha Babyona and Aa
War 1870 ShadeTursh Saved MrageBnth
Bagdad
the Land Aladdin and Smdbad the SalToe of Babel Turkish RamWa
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-10
WAR OF THE ANCIENTs IN ASSYRIA.
e Of a city. with .yar chariots attacking and

the natives are sure of it. They point
to a certain tree at Kurna, to which
boats are sometimes moored, which is.
they say, THE tree of knowledge OF
good and evil" The spot is not beauti-
full, there is none of the luxuriant ex-
pansion of nature which one naturally
expects of the Garden of Eden. There
are cultivated date palms extended
some miles back. and then desert. just
as is the case all along the rivers.
Some distance above Kurna, between
the two rivers, is Ur of the Chaldeans,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-10

is believed to have been the Tower Of
Babel.
Sir William Willcocks great scheme
of irrigation has its base there. By the
expenditure of S10o,000.00O nearly
100000 acres can be reclaimed, Sir
William declares. Some work already
has been done. When British domino
ton is complete it may be that the
country will be what the Romans
found it-"one continual forest Of
verdure."
Copyright 1915, by Curtis Brown.)
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-08-25
GERMAN OFFICIALS
HAVE HAD NO REPORT
No Information About the Sinking of
the Arabic Beyond the Dispatches
from Abroad

BERLIN, August 25.-Ambassador Ge-
rard called on Foreign Minister Won
Jagow last evening and asked for infor-
nation concerning the sinking of the
steamship Arabic
Mr.. Gerard learned that the government
had no official news whatever on this sub
,iect The only information which the
government has is that contained in
newspaper dispatches from abroad, which
throw little light on the circumstances
concerning the sinking of the steamer.
1t is not even clear whether the disaster
was due to a torpedo or a mine and
whether in case the vessel was torpedoed
there were special circumstances which
compelled the commander of the subma.
rine to attack the Arabic.
Until official advices have been re-
ceived definitely clearing up these points
the foreign office viii hardy be in position
to discuss the case or make any declaration
of policy concerning the incident
Officials of the foreign office make ii
clear that they have no intention of flout-
ing the United States or seeking to bring
about situation such as that dealt with
alphabetically in the last American note
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-08-25
SOCIALIST PLAN FOR
PERMANENT PEACE
Many Provisions in the Scheme Made
Public in q Newspaper Publica-
tion in Germany.

BERLIN, August %. - The socialist
newspaper published today the result of
a conference by she party's Reichstag
members and members of the party com
mittee concerning the socialist peace aims
and summarized these aims as follows ::
Peace must be a permanent one, leading
the European nations to closer relations.
Germany's opponents must not be permit
ted to acquire any German territory; most
favored nation clauses should be intro
duced into the peace treaties with all bel
igerents; Paris walls should be removed
SO far as possible, freedom of the seas
should be established, the right of capture
abolished, and 'narroys important for the
worlds commerce" should be information
allied; Austria and Turkey must not be
weakened; anneXations of foreign terri
tories violates the rights of the peoples of
selfrule and weakens internal strength
ana harmony of the German nation, there
fore we oppose all plans of this sort of
short-sighted politicians favoring con
quest" finally, the party demands the es-
tablishment of an international court to
which all future conflicts of nations may
be submitted.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-08-25
STRIKE SITUATION
rs BADLY INVOLVED
About 5000 Men Are Affected by the
Various Disturbances in Bridge
port, Conn.

BRIDGEPORT, Conn, August %
with the possibility of further strikes, an
apparent deadlock between the Salts Tex
tile Manufacturing Company and its strik-
ing employees, about 1900 of whom are
out, and the other strikes now in progress
affecting in all about 5000 workers the
labor situation here today was consid-
erably involved.
President Kipp of the Salts Company is
said to have told the workers that he was
going on two weeks vacation and ad-
vised the men to return to work pending
efforts to adjust the difference.
This the strikers refused to do and they
are said to hape told Mr.. Kipp that if he
could take vacation they could, too,
A strike of about 20 men occurred at
the Connecticut Nut and Bolt Company
plant and Treasurer Frederick Atwater
posted notice saying the plant would be
closed until settlement is reached
Between 35 and 40 strikers at the Con
necticut Electric Company returned tc
work today About 300 are stiH out. Ac
cording to A. H Trumbull, president OF
the concern, the men returned of THEN
own accord
An offer of the Burns & Bassick Com
pany, in response to demands made by
the employees for changes in working con
ditions was rejected by the employees to
day
John Pierce, national vice president
and Isaac Heslins, general auditor of the
United Garment Workers organization
came here today.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-08-25
BALKAN STATES
NEAR A DECISION
But No Confirmation of the Report Which Excited
London to the Effect That Bulgaria Had Declared
War on Turkey Austro-German Advance in
Poland Halted by the Dreaded Marshes

LONDON, August p. - The Balkan
states are unquestionably nearer dc
termination of their future relations
with the warning powers, but so far as
has been announced officially no dcfi-
mite steps have been taken in the dircc-
ton of revival of the Balkan league
and its adhesion to the cause of the
entente powers.
There was no confirmation today of
various rumors which excited London
yesterday, chief of which were reports
chat Bulgaria had declared war against
Turkey and would assist in the attempt
to force the Dardanelles.
The situation brought about by the
sinking of the Arabic is still ehciting
comment from the English press, which
characterized the unofficial German eX-
PLANTATION as inadequate, but interprets
efforts to explain the disaster as evi-
dcnce of Germany s realization that her
relations with the United States have
reached a serious stage.
The furious efforts of the Austro-
German armies along the eastern front
in the last 4 hours have not been so
fruitful as usual in respect to the
amount of ground gained, which is
taken to mean that they have now
reached the dreaded swamp region.
German and Austrian reports state
that further advances have been
achieved both north and south of
Brest Litovsk and that the Pulva river
line has been passed, ...........
Austrian cavHlrymen have entered
Kovel and are said to be advancing to
the north, but the outfanking move
ment from this quarter will be con
fronted by the barrier formed by thC
river Pripet and the adjacent marches
The German press, recognizing this
difficulty, points out that the armies
of the central powers face serious oh
stacle in the immense and roadless Pri
pet swamp, while leading Hungarian
newspapers describe the tactical posi-
tion of the Russians in this region a.
extremely favorable
Another explanation of the pause il
the Austro German advance against
Brest Litovsk is that the invaders ar,
being held up by continual rain anC
mist, which hamper reconnaissance an,
artillery fire.
From the other front there have beer
reported no actions visibly changing
the respective positions of the com
batants.
The English public, stirred by tn
large loss of life at Dardanelles, an
Turkish reports of the desperate fight
ing, await with keen interest of1icia
details of operations there.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-08-25
STRATTON.

Harry Oliver Of New York state is visit
ing at Forrest Nose's
Irving Thomas went with a load of ferns
to Wilmington Saturday.
Della Wheeler is working in the clothes
pin factory in Wilmington.
f. J. Grout has finished cutting the hay
on the farm owned by Melvin Austin of
Weston and moved back to Dover
Mr.. and Mrs. Ray Lyman returned home
Monday night, after spending a week with
Mr. Lyman's brothers in Ware and Spring
field, Mass
Wesley Boyd of Wilmington viii make
his home with Mr. and Mrs Earle David.
son, who are going to move onto the farm
formerly occupied by John Powers.
Lyman Davidson and family of Dover
are moving into the Stephen Forester
house, now owned by FL. H. Forester OF
Wardsboro and recently occupied by
Earle Davidson.
Mrs James Dexter and little daughter,
Evelyn, returned to their home at Wards
boro Center Tuesday Mrs Dexter has
been staying with her mother, Mrs. f. O
Lyman, while her brother, Ray Lyman
was away
H. E. Eddy of Brattleboro began Mon
day tearing down the house which b,
bought of his father, E. A. Eddy, thi,
summer He viii rebuild it in NOR,
modern and convenient style Mr. anC
Mrs Eddy returned home Monday night
Master Elmer Eddy remained for week
visit with his grandparents, Mr.. and Mrs
| i. A. Eddy.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-08-25
Pro-German Utterances Are
Believed to Have Led to
Killing of Pastor
MONEY AND JEWELRY
WERE NOT DISTURBED
Believed That Several Assailants In
tended TO Chastise the Man and That
His Resistance Resulted In Being
Shot.

GARY, Ind, August 25.-The Rev Ed
mond kayser, pastor Of st. James Evan
gelical Lutheran churdA in the suburb of
-Tolleston, was murdered late last night as
he sat in his study.
Members of his family were absent in
Grand Rapids, Mich, the home of Mrs
kayser's mother.
Pro-German utterances by the pastor in
a community which includes many Slavs
are believed by the police to provide a mo-
tive for the crime His life had been
threatened Money and jewelry on his
person and in the house were not dis
turbed
He was shot in the throat and breast
A cord, apparently twisted out of a lace
curtain, was loosely wound about his neck
and others about his wrist
The police believe there were two OF
three assailants and that their first inten-
ton was to chastisc the minister He is
believed to have been shot when he re
sisted and his body was taken to a vacant
lot nearby, where it was found an hou1
later.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-08-25

Harris. At the booth on the steps of
Pearl G. Gibson, Mrs. C. V. Cham
berlin and Miss Marjorie Leach.
All six of these young women were
busy every minute for the first three
hours issuing guest checks as well as
checks for stabling horses free. Each
applicant gave his or her name ana
address and the number in the party
represented. This was recorded and
the requisite number of guest tick
cts issued. These tickets, signifying
that the wearers. We're visitors in
town, were worn attached to the
clothing and it seemed at $50 on Main
street as if everyone there was Wis
itor.
They came to town by all method
and conveyances and by every avenue
of entrance Many had started while
it was still raining hard in their home
towns but refused to be deferred from
making the trip by the certain pros
pect of getting a wetting at the out
set.
Over all avenues of entrance to the
town were big banners bearing the
word "Welcome'' and on the reverse
side to be read on the return trip, was
the legend ''Come Again. and below
hung the sign: Valley Fair, Sept. q,
%, %"
Back of the ticket booth on the Main
street plaza was huge "Welcome =
business streets and principal manu-