davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
TEACHING CHICKS TO RoosT
Difficult Matter to Keep Little Fellows
Clean II They Are Permitted to
Remain on Floor.

It is often advisable to teach the
chicks to roost when eight to twelve
weeks old. When they are allowed
to remain on the floor 1t is difficult
to keep them clean and to keep them
from crowding. II wide roosts, three
to four inches, are used there is but
little, If any, more danger Of crooked
breasts than II the chicks are allowed
to remain on the floor.
The chicks can generally be taught
to roost by putting the perches near
the floor and placing with them one or
two old hens or older chicks that are
in the habit Of roosting.
II this plan is inconvenient or does
not prove effective, the chicks may be
placed on the perches after dark for
a few nights until they have learned to
go there on their own accord.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
GIVE BROOD sow ATTENTION
As Farrowlns Time Approaches AMI.
NAL Should Be Placed In Sep
arate, Roomy, Clean Pen.
(By ]. FULLER.)

Healthy sows that have been prop
erly cared for during pregnancy will
have little difficulty at farrowing time.
They should be housed in proper
quarters and up to farrowing time
have their usual feed. Knowing the
date the SOW was bred, the date she
is due to farrow can be determined
easily. The period of CESSATION for
swine ranges from 112 to 116 days.
AS narrowing time approaches, the
sow should be put into clean. roomy
pen in hog house or into separate
portable pen. When the udder Of the
SOW becomes distended and milk can
be drawn from tho teats, she may be
expected to farrow in about "a hours.
She should be watched closely now to
see that Ler bowels are operating in
the proper manner and that she may
be comfortable. At this time slop
ration is better than dry feed.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11

Fencing In the Feed Lot-Portable
Fences are Almost indispensable In
the Hog Lot.
The farrowing pen should be sup
piled with fresh. dry. clean and dust
less bedding. Fine rye, wheat or oat
straw or shredded corn fodder makes
excellent bedding, but barley straw
and wood shavings should not be
used. Dusty beds are likely to cause
coughing or pneumonia. Individual
sows differ as to the amount Of bed
ding needed at farrowing. Some make
bad use OF it and should be given but
little; others can be allowed liberal
supply. Little pigs are very sensitive
to the cold and If they arrive during
the cold weather they must be given
special attention to prevent them
from getting chilled.
A SOW should be kept quiet and fed
very little during the first "a hours
after narrowing. She should be al
lowed drinking water. and when she
shows signs of hunger a limited
amount of thick slop ration. largely
Of bran, may be given her. This will
satisfy her appetite, and keep her
digestive tract open and III the proper
condition. Now, 1t 10 much better to
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11

the iced was dainpened and Thoroughly
mixed before feeding. The advantages
Of the damp mixture seemed to be the
variety OF wholesome feed and the
relish with which 1t was slowly and
thoroughly chewed.
Where one cannot feed 30 varied q
mixture as that described, ration OF
20 per cent bran, cut alfalfa or cut
clover with 80 per cent crushed oats
fed as described will prove very effec.
tive. Foals do not appear to be able
to make as good use Of whole oats and
hay as an older horse. When fed
those feeds separately and whole they
eat less feed and have a greater ten
denc7 to pot belly"
1t is a practice Of some successful
Wisconsin breeders to feed literally
bran and crushed oats for grain three
times per day and hay and sorghum
stalks each once per day for roughage.
Combinations such as marsh hay and
corn should be avoided. Although corn
silage can be fed to idle horses 1t
should only be given in a very limited
way or not at all to foals.
One cannot economize by limited
feeding of the foal. What one saves
in feed the first year he sacrifices
from five to ten times in the final
value Of the animals. Only well bred
draft foals are capable of making 1000
pounds at one year and developing
into a good draft horse. 1t generally
does not pay to practice liberal feed
ing with mongrel or scrub animals
for there is but little margin between
the final value Of the animal and the
cost of feed consumed.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11

Creep for Feeding Small Piss-Lit.
tie Pigs Begin to Fat at From Three
to Four Weeks Of Age and Should be
Provided With a Separate Enclosure
From the Sows.
separately by penning of a small
space on the feeding floor or hog lot
where the young pigs have access to
the feed. The feed should be given
in a small trough which can be
cleaned easily before each feeding.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
COMFORT FOR sETTQ
Should Be Guarded Again
Work Of Laying FowIs-P
Arranging the Nest!

In setting a hen we'll one mt
that every surrounding is the bel
sible. That the nest Is not too
and rounding In the bottom, but d
ly fiat, with rounded sides SO that
eggs will lie in single layer and nd
pile upon each other in a manner that
is more than likely to cause them to
get broken.
In cold weather It is q good plan to
line the nest box first with paper, then
the nesting straw or chaf. This pre-
vents the cold from getting to the eggs
SO easily from below.
It is essential that the setter be
guarded against the fussy work of the
laying hens. A laying hen using the
same nest will soon break up all possi-
bility of good hatch.
On the other hand, the setter must
not be confined 80 closely that she
cannot come of at will to feed and
dust herself
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
FEED FOR THE DRAFT F0ALs
Younaster Makes one.HaIf His Mature
Weight First Year Of His Life
Ration From Wisconsin.

The feeding of draft foals is o very
important matter. One only appre-
ciates this when he realizes the fact
that draft foal makes one-half his
mature weight the first year OF his
life. The foal must be fed, not starved,
If he is to develop into a good draft
horse. The foal fed an improper and
unpalatable ration the first winter
usually has big middle and two very
poorly developed ends.
Considerable attention has been
given to feeding draft foals at the
University of Wisconsin the last few
years. At one year Of age they have
weighed from 1000 to 1000 pounds.
These foals were all, accustomed to a
small amount of grain before five
months of age when they were weaned.
After weaving they were given the
following ration until turned on grass
at about thirteen months Of age.
Ration for 100 pounds mixed feed:
65 pounds crushed oats, is pounds
corn meal, 10 pounds bran, Is pounds
finely cut alfalfa or clover.
They were fed all of this mixture
they would eat three times a day
and were given no hay other than that
in the mixture until they we're about
one year old. The amount of this
mixture eaten per foal per day varied
from 9 to Is pounds go to 80 quarts)
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
PICKED UP IN THE HOG LOT
overerowdins Is Anything but Eco
nomicaI Plan-AlfaIfa Furnishes
Excellent Grazing for Pigs.

Do not keep too many pigs together
and compel them to sleep in one nest.
The most economical gains in pig
feeding are obtained by judicious
blending Of nitrogenous and carbo.
naceous foods.
Crossing may improve the hogs for
the feed lot alone, but not for the pur'
pose Of perpetuating their kind.
Every hog grower should make a
great effort to have few acres OF al
falfa, because it furnishes unusually
valuable grazing for hogs, and can be
pastured off several times during the
season.
There is nothing more disgusting
than to have lot of unruly hogs run
ming at large about the farm buildings.
With modern woven wire fence, 1t Is
easy to confine them within their
proper limits.
There is nothing gained by mixing
corn meal with chopped alfalfa, except
to insure larger consumption.
The longer any herd or family OF
hogs is subjected to a ration of corn
or confined to small pens and barren
yards the lower will be their vitality
and prolificacy.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
USE ONLY GOOD INcUBAToRs
Many Little Details Require Skill and
Intelligence In Operating Ma
chino Successfully.

Homemade incubators are not gen.
orally desirable, since they are sell
dom scientifically adjusted. nor made
Of best material, nor properly fitted up.
The lamp, its burner, its wick, its
chimney, Its location for heating, all
require skill and intelligence. SO does
the body Of the incubator. as regula-
tor, ventilation, the moisture supplies
and the tray.
Do not buy from any old firm or
buy any discarded machine. Get the
best by test and give it the best that
is In you. Then keep a record of
matches from both hens and incubator
and compare results, not forgetting
that your hen Is free to lay again
while her first eggs are Matching.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
Color Affects Price.

The color of eggs has something to
10 with their sale in most markets
Some prefer the brown tints and some
the white. In preparing baskets for
sale It is we'll to cater to these tastes
Put all browns in one basket, all
whites in another. Paper cartons for
transportation, holding one dozen
eggs, can be had at paper dealers
Brown shelled eggs are apt to be large,
since most Of the larger breeds OF
fowls lay colored eggs. Color really
has nothing to do with contents.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
fIf1]1{ fKRMf11I]g6FBS

Impure water will not produce many
eggs of any kind, and none that are
good.
If a eve Is constipated put her in
the hospital pen and give her more lin.
seed meal.
II a sheep has snuffles it Is a sure
sign of exposure or mismanagement
somewhere.
The fertilizer problem is getting to
be big one and could be greatly re-
duced by keeping more stock and sell.
ing less hay and straw.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
cBy R. @. wEArHERsToNEJ

(By r. q. wEATHERSTONE)
In all sections where dairying Is be-
ing conducted cattle foods are each
year becoming more costly and every
dairyman should make every effort to
reduce the cost of his COW feeds.
Instead OF feeding hay that is worth
fifteen dollars a ton he should re-
place large portion Of 1t with en-
silage, which can be raised chiefly
by machine labor.
Instead of supplementing a poor
pasture with purchased grain foods
he should raise oats and peas, green
corn and other green soiling crops.
Instead of buying fattening foods
like corn meal he should buy milk
producing foods like bran, cottonseed
meal and gluten meal. AS rule 1t Is
most profitable to buy the kind that
will produce the most protein at the
least cost.
Make the business as self-support-
ing as possible by raising as much Of
the feed for the dairy as your farm
and circumstances will allow.
Many of the failures in dairying are
due to the fact that farmers disre-
gard these points and go out and buy
grain foods without discriminating
judgment.
To keep good COWS and feed them
good, wholesome food in abundance
and provide this food cheaply Is alb
solutely necessary If we make sub
stantial profit from the business.
There Is no rule for feeding dairy
cows that can be laid down, that will
apply to allocows alike; and still the
success Of the herd will depend large
ly upon procuring the best producs
Z ton at the lowest cost from each cows
Cows should. be fed tQ. MI
no 7obtain the best fesults bit
many feeders do NOT seenp realize
what we mean when we speak Of q
: dairy cows capacity.
We should study our cows closely.
Watch their feed boxes to see that
they clean up all Of their feed and
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
Immature Breeding.

By breeding the heifer at less than
two years OF age you are sure Of get
ting her to producing something at an
early age, but you are also sure that
she has been stunted before she
reached maturity; that her calf will
not be as large and vigorous as 1t
should be and that she cannot possibly
produce as much milk as she would
had she been bred at period when
her capacity for production was
nearer perfect development.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
WINTER WORK IN ORCHARDS
When Ground 10 Frozen 10 Favorable
Time for Hauling and Spreading
Manure-Add Bone Meal.

The winter when the ground is
frozen hard is a favorable season for
hauling out with cart or sled the ma.
nure needed. In spring the ground
is too soft to haul over and other
work is too pressing; the result is
this important matter Is put of for
another year. The manure should be
hauled and spread evenly over the
ground. Do not place directly around
the trunks; 1t only affords a harbor
for mice and insects. The manure
should be rotted and from grain.fed
cattle or horses. Straw and corn.
stalks, mixed with a little animal ma
nure, is poor stuff and Is only valuable
as q mulch. This kind of manure
should be hauled out to the orchard
and piled. Mix half-bushel Of raw
bone meal in each two-horse wagon
load Of manure as 1t is piled and make
q compact heap, which will soon rot
down, and, when well rotted, should
be spread. About one to two bushels
is the proper quantity for, each large
tree. The manure should be spread
In circle as fas out as the branches
extend.
Practical growers are now using
from 400 to 800 pounds Of animal bone
and potash fertilizer per acre. The
fertilizer Is drilled in with rye IN, ths
early fall, the rye Is turned under N
April-for green manure. This meth.
cd Is found to be the cheapest and
best method Of fertilizing the orchard.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
FOWLS DEMAND PROPER FOOD
Green Feed, Meat Scraps, Grain and
Lime Are Requlred-Fresh Water
10 Also Necessary.

Laying hens, like the milch cow, de-
mand proper food. A mixed ration
comprising green feed, meat scrap and
grain, will, with the addition of lime
in some form, supply all that is re.
quired. Fresh water is also neces.
sity. Chaff from alfalfa or clove- af.
fords green food. The former, ground
ready for use, may now be bought by
the pound. Hens eat 1t readily. Being
rich in protein 1t is better for laying
fowls than most forms Of green food,
and makes necessary less meat in the
ration.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11

Every failure in the poultry busi-
aess can be traced, according to James
G. Halpin, poultry man at the Wiscon-
sin College Of Agriculture, to one or
more of the following reasons:
1. Too expensive and too impractical
buildings. Flocks do not require cost
ly equipment, and Of course the poul.
try man must pay interest on his in.
vestment.
2. Lack Of experience and failure to
raise chicks properly. Many a man has
jumped into the poultry business with
little or no experience, and naturally
has lost money in his plunging.
8. Failure to market right. To pro-
duce a superior product is not enough.
1t must be advantageously marketed.
4. Starting with poor stock. It costs
little or no more to start with profit
producing stock than 1t does with In
ferior fowls.
s. Neglect in improving breeding
stock. By carefully selecting the hens
and mating them with well chosen
males more improvement will be se-
cured.
6. Neglect In cleaning. Filth Is q
certain cause of loss to the poultry
man.
2. Neglect in fighting lice and mites.
These pests are source Of heavy loss
to all who do not fight them.
8. Poor management. Like every
other business, poultry raising re-
quires close attention to details.
Should Go Slow.
The more common cause Of failure
is too heavy investment. Many farm
ers start with expensive buildings as
soon as they get the 'hen fever" They
run into debt, become discouraged
after few mistakes. and quit the
business. It is wiser to patch up the
old poultry house and make improve
,ments gradually as your profits war
rant the exp diture, All amateur poul-
t4v 81 AZ lheuli o sl b@ile ~
| shfs iiccK ffom humble beginnings.
The next most common cause Of fall
ure is lack Of experience. No one
should enter the poultry business on
hand without any experience in rails
ing chicks. He should serve an ap-
prenticeship on some poultry farm. or
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
Protect Grapes From MIIdew.

To protect grapes from mildew
which may or may not attack them
they should be busted or sprayed
with sulphur. For few vines or the
family vineyard a good way is to put
the sulphur in a piece Of burlap or a
grain bag and shake the sulphur over
the vines. A sprayer which will
force the sulphur among the leaves
more completely is Of course more
effective.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11

keep her hungry than to overfeed her.
In fact, the only way to keep early
spring pigs from growing too rapidly
and becoming too fat when the sows
are confined is to feed the sows spar
ingly.
Under ordinary conditions when
sows and pigs are given plenty Of ex-
ercise, the feed may be gradually in
creased until from ten days to two
weeks after farrowing liberal feed
ing of a heavy ration is being given.
When the pigs are from four to six
weeks old they will begin to eat with
the sows. They should be fed
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
Weli.Eed Hen Paws.

Are you going t. allow the price Of
grain to cause you to underfeed your
chickens? Better sell them now. It
does not take q half-starved hen long
to eat her head of. The well-fed hen
will lay enough eggs to more than
pay her keep.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
Ieos Of Birds for Show,

II show birds have rough legs, band.
age them in cloths spread with vase
line, for a week before the SHOW
washing them first, Of course. The
vaseline leaves a stain on the feath.
ers which is hard to get out in the
wash, so be careful to push the feats.
ers back and bandage under them.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
Fruit for Home Use.

In pruning fruit trees for home use
let there be no varieties OF inferior
quality selected. There is nothing too
good for the home use. It Is pleas.
ure to hunt out these good things
and to take an interest In getting
them started in the home garden and
orchard.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11

II he can, and before he starts out for
himself, he should take, a course at
some recognized poultry school. After
he has learned the ways of the flock
he may have some assurance of sue
cess. But many mistakes and failures
are sure to beset the path of the inex-
perienced. a.
Many poultry men fail to market
correctly. They either get too far
away from the market or try to force
themselves upon an overcrowded mar
ket. And they often fail to put their
goods up in attractive packages and
do not advertise efficiently. A good
understanding Of the market condi-
tions Of o given locality Is essential
in building up trade there.
It is absolutely essential to have
good stock to start with. No poultry
man need expect to have any success
If he starts out with flock Of board
ers. The stock need not be pure bred.
but 1t must be good enough to mere
than pay for its keep.
The flock must be improved by care
ful selection and by the introduction
Of new strains when necessary. Each
brood of chicks must be better than
the last II the poultry business is to
be a success. The boarders and the
stragglers must be culled out Con.
slant Improvement is the surest road
! to success. V&
A very common cause of failure Is
| just plain neglect-neglect In cleaning
UP the house; neglect In spraying and
in fighting lice and mites. There is no
excuse for this kind of failure. The!
poultry man should be continually on
guard against insects and diseases.
And above all, he must always keep
his house and his birds clean. I,
All OF these causes Of failure may be
summed up In one word. And that
word Is @hiismana cement The three
lsgTest Jaws Of snqcess Ia poultry maY'
!, - = e.r-sthanaed up a. follows
experience before gcins "a
Improve your stock. And
all the time. The only cuf
management fs common sens
farmer who expects 70 mai
cess out Of poultry should kee
stock Of It with him.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
Onions for Poultry.

Onions make an excellent feed and,
chopped fine and fed to the poultry &C.
casionally during the winter, will ma.
terially help to keep them in good con-
dition.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
SPRAY FOR SAN JOSE SCALE
Best Remedy for Pest 10 Thorough
& Treatment With Limo Sulphur MIX.
ture Late In Winter.

fBy C. r. GILLETTE, Colorado Expert
~ ment Station.) N4
San Jose scale is one OF the worst
.pe@ks attacking orchard trees IN this
col |ntry. 1t Ii extremely important
y orchards. should be so treated as
subordinate the scale from them
fzerl sspsead 70 slrEound ding
5E5ls is d thorough treatment
lime-suIphur mixture, late IN the
4 er, or early In the spring, before
thu buds begin to open on the trees.
II THE commercial concentrated lime
yutphur mixtures are used they may
bel diluted In the proportion Of about
one part Of the concentrated prepara-
tioh to ten parts Of water. II home.
inside lime-sulphur sprays are used,
probably there Is no better formula
than the following:
Good lump lime, IL pounds;
Flowers Of sulphur, Is pounds:
Water, 80 gallons.
The lime should be slaked in warm
water and, as soon as the shaking has
been well started, the sulphur should
be added and enough water kept In
the. receptacle to keep the mass thin
and sloppy. Boil for at least forty
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11

have a keen appetite for their next
feeding. Watch their droppings to
see that no food passes through them
undigested.
Watch results closely from any
new line of feeding that may be In
troduced. Never make too sudden or
radical change in the line OF feed
ing practiced. Treat the cows kindly,
feed them regularly, milk them at
regular hours and. II possible, always
have the same person milk them.
In increasing grain ration we
should never increase 1t more than
one-half pound day. In this way
the cows digestive organs have an
opportunity to become adjusted to
the change and are able to take care
Of the additional amount Of feed. In
this way you can safely increase her
feed until she is obtaining all that
she can economically handle.
Care must be exercised that we do
not feed 80 much grain food that there
is no room or appetite left for coarse
folders.
Coarse folders are highly essential
in preserving the health Of the COW
and not tending toward making fat.
As a general proposition it will be
found q safe rule to follow to feed
twice as many pounds Of hay as we
do grain. The COW that Is being fed
eight pounds of grain day should
have sixteen pounds of good hay.
II ensilage is being fed we must
count three or four pounds Of that
equal to one pound Of hay or dry
fodder. -. );
Methods Of preserving ensilage are
better understood and the prejudice
aEaipes mn Ql = ara; ! 5nftsr 50RI0 2e3s
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11

IHBs 0uVHuIcHt - g sD
barns are the making Of maximum
yields in winter practicable. and this
coupled with higher prices for milk
and its produc7aepakes 1t more profit
able for us to Practice all-the-year-
around dairying.