Arizona republican., 1915-07-04
Mineral Exhibit at San Francisco

1 Mineral Exhibit at San Francisco To illustrate the development of the mineral resources of the United States the geological survey exhibit at the l Panama Pacific International EXposi- tion includes a graphic representation | of the output of the various mineral I products of the country. based on the 1 production per capita during the cen tennial year, 1876, and at the present 1 time BituminouS coal is represented | by a block of coal weighing 1900 l pounds, the per capita production in l 1876, and Dy another block weighing l tons G1.000 pounds). the per capita output in 1913. The anthracite blocks, on the other hand. indicate re- 1 latively small gain, from LAO to 1880 pounds.
 1 The per capita production of coke has increased from 134 pounds in 1876 | to 700 pounds in 1913. At the earlier ! period no other than beehive coke was | manufactured in the United States. l but since then the interesting feature l of coke manufacture has been the de- 1 Nelopment Of the retort oven, by which | valuable constituents of the coal other 1 than coke are recovered. The exhibit at san Francisco shows the quantity of
 
 country in 1913, the quantity Of coke produced from it. and the quantity of coal tar, oenzol, and sulphate of am monia recovered as by-products. The quantity of gas recovered and utilized is also properly shown.
 The production of petroleum in the United States shows an increase which is fairly comparable with that of bi- 1 luminous coal The per capital output | in 1876 is represented by a half barrel 1 of oil containing = gallons; the out put in 1913 is represented by d hogs head containing 3.6 barrels, or 10S gal Ions.
 The per capital production Of copper which in late years has been so sig nificantly influenced by the develop | ment of electric power transmission, has increased from 1pound in 1876 to | 13 pounds in 1913. and this is illus trated by ingots of copper of the two weights.
 The per capita production of lead has increased from pounds in 1876 to pounds in 1913, and the output of zine from d little less than l pound to 6 pounds.
 The quantity of iron ore produced shows an increase from 3l4 pounds per capita in 1876 to 1.434 pounds in 1913, and the quantity Of pig iron ob- tained from it has increased from 150 i to IT. pounds. Since the Centennial Exposition an entirely new industry in mining and metallurgy has been developed through the production of aluminium. No alumi- mum was produced on a commercial scale in 1876. but a cube weighing F | ounces represents the per capita pro duction in 1913
 The actual production pf gold and ] silver m 1913 is a little more than | twice as much as it was in 1876. but | as the population has also nearly | doubled the per capita output of both | metals has kept nearly even with the | increasing population. In 1876 the per | capita production of gold was r | grains; in 1913 il was T grains. The | production of silver in 1913 was 352 | grains per capita! in 1876 it was 2sS | grains
 In 1876 the total production of Port | land cement in the United States was | less than 40.000 barrels In l9l3 ii | was over 92.000.000 barrels. The total i per capita output Of cement in 1876 | was 16 pounds. In 1913 it was $50 | pounds. equivalent to nearly four Of | the bags Tn which We are accustomed | to see Portland cement transported
 It Is only since the beginning of the 1 present century that the production of | sulphur In the United States has had | any significant influence on the trade l put the domestic product has now vir- 1 tuaiiy supplanted Sicilian sulphur in | the markets this country. In 1S76 | the per capita production of sulphur in |
 
 less than one-third Of an ounce. In 1913 it was 50,O0O grains. or 7It pounfp | me production of pyrite. used in the | manufacture of sulphuric acid. has in | creased from ounce per capita in | lSf6 to 125 ounces in 1913 In 1S76 | 'he United States produced no suI i phurlc acld, except from pyrite and | imported sulphur. The sulphuric acid | recovered as by-product at the smeit CTS or the United States in 1913 was | 13 pounds per capita.
 In 1876 the per capita production of | phosphate rock was pounds. In 1gI3 l U was times that quantity, or 72 | pounds.
 m 1876 We produced no arsenious | oNl"e no bismuth and no calcium Iiiioflde; In 1913 the per capita pro- | uuctioh or arsenious oxide was $50 ! sidihs' Of bismuth II grains, and of | calcium chloride ounces.
 number Of other mineral sub | stances none of which was produced , aO 'he tune of the Centennial Exposi- l 'ioh' are now important factors in our iii"erdl production. Among the most | -NnPoi 'dht or these is natural gas, of |
 over 6'oOO cubic feet per cap I-a are now consumed annually in the |
 
 erals are nickel. abrasive garnet num- ice, artificial abrasies. fulIers earth ana magnesite together with the rare earths and metals, such as tbori,n 'uhgsten, uranium and vanadium ores
 me exhibit at San Francisco sbovrs 'ne quantity of each of these sub- stances produced per inhabitant in 1S7e ana the amount in 1913 Each visitor
 may therefore view the quantity Of the i