Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-10-03

learned class. II 1t does not tend to
disturb tho order Of the country. there
is no necessity for the government to
tako measures to interfere with it,"
INTERESTING STATEMENT
ny DIR. FRANK GOODNOW
One other interesting document fol-
lowing the manifesto Is tho full state
ment by DR.. Frank J. Goodnow, presi-
don't OF Johns Hopkins University. who
is one OF the foreign advisers to Yuan
Shi- kai. setting forth what was &C
tually his memorandum TO >thc Presi-
dent Of China on the subject OF es-
tablishing monarchy. The statement
fills page and a half In the Chinese
newspapers. or about five columns in
English newspaper type.
DIR. Goodnow begins b. saying: Tho
determination III given country OF
the form Of government established
therein has seldom IL ever been the re-
suit Of the conscious choice OF tho
people of that country or even the
choice OF it's most Intelligent classes.
The establishment on the one hand Of
n monarchy or on the other hand Of
Il republic has In almost all instances
boon due to Influences almost beyond
human control The former history Of
lno country, ltS tTdOtlOnS, us Social
and economic conditions all have either
has been adopted or. in case the form
of government at first adopted has not
been In harmony herewith. have soon
brought it about that that form Is re-
placed by one which is better suited TO
the country's needs.
In other words. the form OF gov
crnment which country usually pos
sesses Is for the most part determined
by the necessities OF practical life
Among the contributing causes which
fix forms OF government. one of the
most important liz force. Almost all
monarchies thus owe their origin in
last analysis TO the exertions of some
one man who has been able TO organ
iZe the material power OF the country
In such "A way as to overcome all COM
petitors. II he has able sons or male
relatives. If he has ruled wisely and
II the conditions of the country have
been such as TO favor monarchical rule
he may be able to establish dynasty
which will during a long period sue
cessfully govern the country"
Or. Goodnow then goes on to cx-
plain the satisfactory Arrangement for
proper succession on the death OF the
King of England; he gives a resume
OF conditions which led TO the estab-
l!shment of the republic of the United
'NoiSs, Ht ltiiS Oh the TenCn republic:
he describes how Central and South
American republics attempted to I'm
itate the French and American re-
publics, some with a measure OF sue
cess, but frequently with disaster.
He then says: Little hope may ne
entertained OF the successful solution
of the question of presidential sue
cession in country where the intel
liGence of the people Is not high and
where the people do not acquire pollti-
cal wisdom by sharing In the exercise
or political power under some form Of
constitutional government. Where such
conditions do not exist a republican
form of government-that is a govern
ment in which the executive is not
enthusiastically leads to the
worst possible form OF government,
namely, that OF the military dictator
Tho best that can be hoped for under
such system is periods OF peace al
ternating with periods OF disorder dur
Ing which the rival claimants for
politcai power are striving among
themselves for the control of the gov.
eminent
PERMIT NO GOVERNMENT
OF MILITARY DICTATOR
AT the present time. 1t may further
be remarked. II is very doubtful wheth-
er the great powers OF the European
world VIII permit the government OF
the military dictator permanently TO
exist, II II continues TO be accompanied
by the disorder which has been its ac-
cident in the past. The economic in
terests OF the European world have
grown to be so comprehensive Euro
pean capital and European commercial
and industrial enterprises have become
so Widespread in their ramihcations
That the governments OF the foreign
countries interested, although caring
little what may be the form of gov
eminent adopted by the nations with
which they deal. are more and more
inclined to insist. where they have the
power, that conditions OF peace shall