davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1915-04-11
Sars Daen the Sun and Stop Railroad Tas-The Argentine
Government Spending Millions for Defense-Someng About the
Condor and Other Vuues-The Caancho and the Kea-T The
South American Ostc-A Giant Rooster That Hatche the Eggs
and Takes Care of the Young.

forestry bureau in the Philippines, is
studying the timber resources OF the
Parana basin and giving suggestions
as to the organization of lumber in
dustry. Laurel Duyal of Ohio has
charge of the Standardization Of grain,
and Walter Fisher of the same state
is at the head of the experimental sta
tions engaged in fruit culture in Pata
gonia His work is chiefly along the
Rio Negro We have also experts who
are organizing soil survey and some
who are investigating the insect pests.
One of the latter Is Mr.. George X.
Smith of Colorado. who has just re-
turned from an extensive tour through
the wilds of the north, where ne mas
been studying the locust. Mr.. smith
is at the head of the chronological bu-
reau of the department. and he knows
much about this pestiferous grasshop-
per that eats up the crops
The locust may raise the price OF
wheat to the armies in Europe, and It
NAV bring starvation to thousands. 1t
is the terror of the Argentine farmer.
It af1icts him, even as it afflicted Pha-
roah at the command of Moses when
he hardened his heart and would not
let the Israelites go. The chief dlf-
Evening star., 1915-04-11

Eliza Baker Mitchell. Her father was
a grandson of Rev. John Mitchell.
whose tombstone in old Harmony
churchyard, Lewis county. Va. bears
his record. Rev. John Mitchell was
born in England in May. 1863. and came
to America in 1875 and to Virginia a
year later. With the outbreak of the
war he enlisted as a private in 1876 in
capt. William Blackwell's company.
the 11th Virginia Regiment, which was
commanded at various times by Col.
Daniel Morgan. Lieut. Col George
Nicholas. Capt, Charles Porterfield,
Maj. Thomas Sneed and Lieut. Col.
John Cropper during the revolutionary
war and served three years. He preach
ed the gospel for forty years and died
in 1910
Evening star., 1915-04-11
The FirIinfoens.

a I Brianza. in Lombardy, there
~ flourishes very curious sort of
band. all the members of which play
the same kind of instrument, known
as the "frlinfoens." This corresponds
to what we know as "panpipes" and
is constructed of reeds fastened side
by side. the bass pipes being often
several feet long. while the others
gradually decrease in size
The "frlinfoens." as the players are
called. after their instruments, are as
a rule ignorant of music and they
learn their tunes by ear, often from a
phonoeraph. 1t is said that the pan
pipe players experience all the sensa-
tions of intoxication after a march
due to the energetic blowing and the
constant wagging of the head to and
fro. The music. although conveying
to the stranger at first a most curious
effect. is said to be not unpleasant.
Evening star., 1915-04-11
THE RHEA, OR SOUTH AMERICAN OSTRICH.

it will fight to the death any other
cock that comes near them. The cock
bosses the hens. He is a sort of a sui
tan and they seem to be the ladies or
the harem. who do his bidding. They
lay their eggs in one nest, each hen
giving her share until fifty eggs may
be there in one hole in the sand When
this is complete the cock takes charge
of the eggs, and sets on them. spelled
now and then by a hen, as his lord
ship directs. He has to keep setting for
five or six weeks before the chicks
hatch.
Some of the ostrich eggs weigh
pound and a half, and it is not uncom-
mon to have one served as an omelette
when you stop over night in camp. The
cock objects to having any one touch
the eggs. and if they are disturbed he
will leave that nest and start another
l have heard number of queer sto-
ries about how the cock raises his
young. One of them relates to the
first meal. and tells how this is gath
cred through an egg that is placed on
the sand separate and apart from the
setting and several yards from the
nest. The egg remains in the sun un-
til the ostrich chicks come, by which
time it is rotten. When the little
egg and breaks it. 1t gives forth a
horrible smell, that attracts the flies
for miles around. The little ones eat
the flies. and thus have their first meal.
The story is interesting and l trust it
is true.
1t is the father that takes care OF
the young ostrich brood. He calls them
to him with a peculiar booming sound
and the babies reply with a chirp. He
keeps track of them. and is almost
crazy if they are disturbed. At such
times he will charge a dog or a man
upon horseback. and IL he can knock
down his enemy he will kick and bite
him. His kick is terrible, and il is
sometimes strong enough to kill a dog
or man OF late some of the estan-
cieros have been introducing the Afri-
can ostrich. 1t thrives.
FRANK G. CARPENTER.
Evening star., 1915-04-11

Rev. Daniel Mitchell took his family
from Salem. Ohio, where Mrs Guern-
sey was born, to Kansas to organize
Methodism through that part of the
prairie land. He was beloved by his
followers, and at his death this pioneer
preacher was one of the foremost men
of the state.
On her mothers side, also, Mrs.
Guernsey is descended from a long line
of clergymen of the Lutheran faith
one of her ancestors. Gerhard HenkeI
came to America in 1717 as one of the
founders of the Lutheran Church in the
new country He settled in Pennsyi-
vania and became pastor ofthe church
at taulkners swamp. the Oldest exist
ing Lutheran church in tho United
States.
Evening star., 1915-04-11
State Regent Kansas the Past Six MAY Succeed Mrs. Will
liam Cumming Story President Genera-He Decidedly Original
Platform Contains Eight Planks and She Also Publishes Pamphlet
Explaining Just What She Expects Her Principles Accomplish
She IS Elected Ofce-Election Take Place April 19-s
Guernsey Applies Practical Business Ideas to All Her Problems

ment, Regarding her civic work. she
says:
The women Of Kansas are enfran-
chfsed, the ballot is no longer a nov
city to them and that they should stand
shoulder to shoulder with their hus-
bands in all lines Of work is but natu-
raj. an inheritance from the pioneer
settlers to whose united work as men
and women the existence and splendid
development OF our state Is due"
II Mrs. Guernsey has hobby, 1t is
patriotism. America comes first, last
and always. and the made in America"
movement has had an earnest advocate
in her for many years American his
tory. music. literature. art. drama. man
ufactures and even American scenery
come before all others In her con-
sideration.
Years ago she began collecting the
works OF American writer's upon every
subject. principally history and dram
atists. the lives and memoirs OF histri-
onic characters. Besides this extensive
Americana collection. she also has col
lection Of American composers.
Mrs. Guernsey declares that her love
OF American history and her reverence
for the old pioneers and patriots. and
her excessive pride in the institutions
her childhood training in a home where
patriotism ranked next to religion.
Now. confirmed traveller who has
ceased to number her trips to Europe
and other lands. 1t is her boast that
before she ever went abroad to travel
she had visited every point of interest
and historic spot in every state in her
own land. beginning. most naturally.
with the places associated with the
lives and exploits of her own ances-
tors. Ibsen' is one of her favorites
and her discourses upon his plays show
a depth of understanding that be-
speaks the close student. In music she
has her greatest opportunity to In
dulge this taste. Mr.. and Mrs. Guernsey
come east regularly each season to
spend several weeks in Boston and New
York to hear the wonderful music for
which these cities are famous.
Before the Carnegie library plan had
included Kansas in its chain Mrs.
Guernsey was president Of the Ladies'
Library Society. which formed the pub
lie library of Independence She is
still filling her original duty of select
Ing all the new books for II. though
1t 10 now one Of the Carnegie institutions.
Excepting the summers spent in for
eign travel each year since 1887. this
energetic woman has occupied her cot
tAge at Chautauqua. For ten years she
has been president Of her class. 1891.
Evening star., 1915-04-11
Copyright. 1915 by Frank G. Carpenter
BUENOS AIRES, Argentina

q HAVE spent this week with some
of our scientists who have come
to Argentina to aid in improving
q the farming conditions. There are
:, dozen or more of these men, con-
nected with the Department of Agri-
culture and they represent every
branch Of farm efficiency work. Last
wear we had Dr Willett NJ. Hays. for
ncrIy assistant secretary of agricul-
fure of the United States He came
here at salary of $1,000 month as
consulting adviser to the agricultural
DEPARTMENT OF Argentina, During his
stay he introduced many new methods
for improving the organization and eff
ciency of the department Mr.. Walter
~ Davis the head of the national
weather bureau, has organized serv-
&C which is superior to any other on
the South American continent. He has
been in Argentina for more than forty
years. and was brought down to be one
Of the officials at the University of
t'ordova. Mr.. II. NJ Curran, who for
several years was connected with our
Evening star., 1915-04-11

ness of stone. A boot heel struck
upon one of these small plants would
not make an impression. There are
immense cacti with fieshy lobes as big
as a strong mans arms and legs. and
which are spineless. 1t is said that the
earliest specimens were found in AL
geria and that out of them was obtain
ed that sptneless cactus with which
which has become a valuable forage
plant for cattle. growing where no
other forage plant would grow.
There are cacti with great long arms
that wind around stakes and poles and
climb trellises, and looking for all the
world like thorny vines or some un-
canny, monstrous serpent. There are
barrel cacti. a cactus that grows in the
form and the size of a barrel, and
cacti which from their forms are call
ed bishops miter" and Turks head"
At times the cactus house is gay
with the flowers of the cactus. and
many of the blossoms are gorgeous in
coloring and otherwise beautiful. Close
by cacti that are giants you may see
beds of baby cacti, plants in all the
stages of infancy and youth being
raised from seed.
number of years ago the Smith
sonian Institution. as one of its mani
fold lines of investigation. took up
the subject of the cactus and began
gathering representative of all OBJ
tainable varieties. The herbarium
specimens were not SO satisfactory as
the growing specimens and large
number Of these were brought to
Washington. The difficulty of keeping
these growing plants under scientific
observation with the limited resources
for this kind of work at the disposal
of the Smithsonian led the Department
Of Agriculture to assign special
greenhouse and special cactus gar
dener and student to the collection,
which has been greatly increased and
is being steadily enlarged both through
the agency of the Smithsonian and the
Department of Agriculture.
Not far away from the cacti grow
many, many specimens of another
plant on which southern and eastern
farmers found high hopes. on wnich
fortunes have been made in other parts
of the United States. and which is
one of the historic and interesting
plants of the world-a plant which set
out on a conquest of the world with
the Persians when they undertook the
Of Greece. The plant, 1t 10
Evening star., 1915-04-11

or the South American ostrich. They
are found In great numbers running
over the pampaS and there are thou
sands of them in Patagonia. I have
seen them from the car windows and
have watched them hunted in the
desert, where they squat down and
hide their heads in the sand. They are
then of the same gray color as the
bushes and punches of scrub all around
them and 1t takes good eye to dis
tinguish the birds from the bush. The
ostrich has always been laughed at
for this silly custom. but, indeed. there
is nothing more cunning and IL forms
means of concealment that the bird
could have in no other way. When the
rhea stands up you can easily distin-
guish him. but when he squats down,
with his head out of sight, he is merely
a bush to the hunter.
In walking the ostrich keeps it's
wings closed and swings it's neck back
ward and forward. In running 1t raises
its wings and shows it's bare thighs as
it speeds along over the ground. skim
ming the air. When it charges, its
wings are outspread, and the head and
neck are held down. 1t can frighten
horse and when angry will attack a
man upon horseback. The American
ostrich has three toes, while the Afri-
can has two. Its foot is large and
powerful.
The American ostrich is smaller than
the African and it's feathers do not
compare with the latter, although they
are gathered and sold. I have seen
some made into rugs. They are also
used for fly brushes and feather dust
ers. The plumes of the male birds are
sometimes combined with the African
feathers for hats and bonnets. The
feathers are of a different color, ac-
cording to the parts of the body. Some
are of rich brown and some black,
but most are gray or a dirty white.
The ostriches of Patagonia and the
pampas move about in f1ocks, each
consisting of cock and a number of
hens. Each cock has its own hens, and
Evening star., 1915-04-11

where the kidneys are located, and the
hole which 1t cuts is as smooth as
though 1t were done with knife. The
bird tears out the kidneys and fat and
then leaves the sheep to die. At times
IS cents head for dead keas and as
many as $4,000 have been killed in one
year.
About the most interesting of the
large birds of Argentina is the rhea
Evening star., 1915-04-11

logical history of the insect in Bolivia
and Brazil, and seek to find some means
of prevention. AS it Is we are fighting
them as best we can, but we are work
ing in the dark"
pest?"
We have long had laws for the ex-
termination of 1ocusts. and the gov
ernment is now spending from one to
five million dollars a year in fighting
Evening star., 1915-04-11

their cradles and dip them in water to
clean off the ants. The little insects
are SO small that they get into their
mouths and nostrils, and there are re-
ports of babies that have been killed
by them. The Argentine ant has caused
trouble in the United States. These
ants have been carried by ships to our
gulf coast. and for time there were
so many in New Orleans that they be-
came known as the New Orleans ant.
Evening star., 1915-04-11

Mrs. Guernseys private charity 10
said to be enormous. OF that she never
speaks. but she follows tho same prin-
ciple as in her civic welfare work and
personally looks into every case. She
considers 1t a matter of course that she
should do everything in her power to
use her money and position for the al
deviation of distress. and she likewise
considers It . matter Of course that
she should support prohibition and the
progress Of the woman suffrage move
Evening star., 1915-04-11

become leader are not the only claims
that entitle Mrs. Guernsey to dis
tinction. She could step out in the
business world and earn her living in
school teacher which she made her first
vocation. at the age Of sixteen. in the
town of Independence. Kan. where she
still resides.
So successful was she in this career
that in few years she was made
principal of the high school and later
on president Of the school board. AS
a teacher she was noted for the ease
with which she maintained discipline
and at the same time kept the re-
gard of her pupils.
With her marriage, to a young bank
clerk Mrs. Guernsey did not let domes-
ticity absorb all Of her activities, for
she began at once to master the prin-
ciples Of the banking business. keeping
step with her husband and assisting &
him all she could. 1t is said that she
could establish and run a bank.
Mrs. Guernsey applies her practical
business ideas to all OF her problems.
In her philanthropic work she takes no
Information second hand. sparing no
pains to discover the merits of all cases
that come to her attention. She has
no preferred line of charity: all want
and distress receive equal interest.
Having been wage-earner herself, she
is able to understand the wants and
her. and. though sympa thetic and ten
der toward all distress and suffering
she is opposed to indiscriminate giving.
She says:
The truest and best way to help peo-
pie is to help them to help themselves
Put them in the way of regaining and
keeping their self-respect and you will
make good citizens out of them instead
of grafters and parasites to become a
menace and charge to a community
All normal people have the instincts
Of independence. and though these ma y
be smothered through the stress of ad-
themselves and provide the best impetus
toward rehabilitation. OF course, the
really abnormal must be looked after
according to their limitations"
Evening star., 1915-04-11

E7HE west is clamoring vigorously
for recognition through the high
est Office within the gift of the
x Daughters of the American Revo-
!ution-that OF president general. And
It's candidate is Mrs. George Thacher
Guernsey state regent OF Kansas for
the past six years. TO succeed Mrs. VII
liam Cumming Story. either this term
or next. as fates and votes decree at
the approaching annual congress and
biennial election of national officers
April 10 next.
Indiana, Illinois and New York have
each twice sent favored Daughters to
preside over this great body of women.
and now the west. il is said. stands SOL
idly back of the Kansas candidate. in
dorsing her personally and her de-
cidedly original platform, with its
eight distinct planks. 1t reads.
l. Elimination Of all party lines. > one
.ern Of three years, with re election. for sill
nstionsl officers. In order to prevent the dis
fractions consequent upon a campaign for a
md term. 3. All elected officers 10 have
plete and unhsmpered control Of their
Offices and TO be held responsible BY congress-
fOr the proper conduct of the same. 4. No
ililease for officers or committee chairmen. 3.
Regular board meetings be held four times
year. s. A committee OF appeals TO beselected
hy congress for the adjustment OF otherwise
unsettled differences In state or chapters. whose
decisions shall be final :. Magazine TO be re
stored TO publication by responsible firm. S.
A fair and square'' deal for every Daughter
The issuance of the platform was it.
self an innovation sufficiently striking
TO focus national attention upon Mrs.
Guernsey. In fact. SO much interest
mas been manifested In 1t that Mrs
Guernsey has prepared and sent out a
small pamphlet explaining in detail
just what she hopes to accomplish
through the application of these prin-
ciples should she be elected. She has
called this For You to Consider"
As the date for the opening of the
congress approaches all eyes in the
vast membership of this powerful and
rapidly growing association are turned
inquiringly toward the woman whose
supporters have challenged the time
honored custom of permitting each
head of this society a second term out
of courtesy or from regard to prece-
dent.
Patriotic ancestry and the personal
popularity which she had to possess to
Evening star., 1915-04-11

EIHE ives, is clamoring vigorously
for recognition through the high
est Office within the gift of the
4 Daughters of the American Revo-
The farmer and mechanic., 1915-03-16

ditions under which il operates that
are simple but inexorable.
II will balk quicker than d mule
If the conditions are not right Any
farmer can get valuable assistance
from the gasoline engine if he gives
II the proper care
Its care is very simple. First comes
protection from the weather. a tar
pauin is a very good cover for an en-
glne that is kept outside and even
one housed is better if kept covered
when it is not in use.
Live batteries are necessary. k.lec-
tricity is the spark OF life to the gas
oline motor.
a clean spark plug is necessary at
the other end Of the battery wire
The mixture Of gasoline and air must
be right for the most effective work
at the greatest economy of power al
though the motor win work and waste
gasoline.
Adjustments OF this kind are simple
to learn and should be Understood
by the man who has charge Of the
machine.
One frequent cause OF trouble is
| filing the tank.
| Pay but little attention to men Wh,
| claim that their gasoline is absolutely
| clean or the result will be disastrous
| Either strain the gasoline through (
| chamOiS or q finely meShed stralner
Good lubricating oil is another i'm
pOrtant essential No machine car
give its best service unless ii is prop
erly cared for and housed.
The owner of q Well equipped st0cl
farm who can utilize this power 70
grinding food. cutting ensilage an
fodder, pumping water, saving Wooc
eleVating corn, operating milking ma
| chimes and various other labor-SOVin
uses will lind an investment Of forr
500 to s400 in . gasoline engine on
of the most economic Investments h
| ever made.
The farmer and mechanic., 1915-03-16
STUDY MARKET AND TYPE
IN SWINE PKoDt ClICN
No Farm Animals Improve and
Thrive More Readily and Rapidly
Than Do Swine When Properly
Handled.

To succeed with swine the farmer
must know what are the market re
uurements ana which is the best type
OF animal foc him TO produce and
feed.
Type IN swine is shown by the
general conformation in the mature.
form and finished condition. And
while many breeds are included in
the same type. they may differ widely
from each other III such detail as
color, shape Of head. or hang Of ears
AT present ali OF the breeds are in
cluded in two tvpes-tbe lard and
bacon. Hreeds that are short legged.
deep broad and heavy finished. such
as the Poland-China Dn~oc-JeT'sey,
Rerkshire. and Chester White. are
known as lard hoes. These are largely
Of American origin and have been
developed by selection and continued
breeding on 2 Tar producing ration,
made up largely OF corn.
Hogs of the bacon type, on the
| other hand, are long, narrow, deep
| and smooth Of body and necessarily
| thin fieshed. The Yorkshire and
TamWOrth breeds hest illustrate this
| type. These are Of British origin and
| have been developed on nitrogenous
rations mainly composed Of grains
| grasses and dairy products.
Comparative experiments show that
all breeds do about equally we'll under
! similar conditions and, for feed con
sumed, usually make about tie same
The farmer and mechanic., 1915-03-16

cent -hs dressing percentage is th-
most important factor in determining
the value of hogs in the great mar
kets Of the central west, it can be
seen why the lard type is particularly
popular in the corn ana graIn-belt
states.
As the large packers arr able 10
secure much of their supply Of bacon
from immature ana unfinished lard
hogs, there i no large aud we'll os-
Ia blishet market OF demand upon thu
larger markets Of the central west for
animals OF The strictly bacon type.
And although conditions are suita ble
for the production of bacon hogs OF
nigh quality, their breedin4 and feed
ing should not be undertaken With the
idea Of mark keting them nj competi-
ton with animals OF the lard type
he bacon hog is an excellent source
OF hOme-Cured pork and where there
Is local or special market Gemand
! Su1Ilclent to insure good prOht over
the cost OF production, the raising OF
| bacon ANIMALS may Well be encour-
aged.
The farmer and mechanic., 1915-03-16
PLANT LARGE SEED:
SECURE BETTER RE,StITS
Ry NJ CUMMINGS

LETTUCE is . standard Vegetable
crop, largely grow III farm gardens
and ranking high in commercial ior-
ticulture As forcing crop; hence its
inclusion in these seed sorting expert
mentS. Although q seed bed crop, il
is often grown in places where space
IS expensive. where intensive culture
prevails, and where crop uniformity
ana even maturity are OF prime i'm
pOrtance. On this account growers
now carefully consider both seed and
varietal choice. In some hothouses
districts only certain varieties are
deemed suitable for greenhouse cul-
ture; and q few progressive growers
select only the locally grown seed now
recognized as strains OF commercial
varieties. Although many methods of
seed selection have been adopted. the