davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-03-18

Curious Traditions of the Patron
Saint OF Ireland His Work.

Ireland. where, according to his own
writings, he was given to a Chief of
Northwestern Connaught, where he
served a master whose name was Mil
luce. Herding pigs was his particular
task, and while he was thus engaged
he spent much of his time in prayer.
He longed and he hoped that he might
return to his native land. At this
point one of the Irish legends hobs
up and relates how he had a dream
in which he heard a voice saying TO
him--"Thou dost well to fast-thou
shall soon return to thy native land"
On another night the voice said
Behold. thy ship Is ready" Patrick
at once began fasting and a few days
later he ran away from his masters
home at the peril OF his life and
travelled on foot one hundred and
eighty miles to where a foreign ship
lay IN port But a new obstacle arose
for he knew no man on the ship and
was without money.
1t proved to be a traders ship car
rying Geographically Irish wolf
hounds. He was willing to work his
way for his passage, but to this prop
osition the Captain replied, Nay, in
no wise shalt thou come with u.s."
Bitterly disappointed he turned away
and began to pray, and after a while
one of the crew came running to him
saying that the Captain had changed
his mind and would take him with
them. The voyage was stormy, and
when they landed they were COM
PEELED to journey through n desert
for eight days. Their food ran short
and many Of their dogs died.
Legend of the Pigs.
During the voyage the lad had tried
to convert the men. and when they
were on the point OF starving in the
desert the shipmaster called Patrick
and said, Now. oh Christian. thou
sayest thy God is great and almighty
Why. then, dost thou not pray fol
us? For we are in danger of starva-
ton and there is no likelihood of oul
seeing any man" And Patrick an
swered. Nothing is impossible &c
God. Turn to Him truly that he may
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-03-18

1t is q we'll known phenomenon II
natural history that there are NJ
snakes, toads or venomous reptiles II
Ireland. and the fact has always beer
accounted for in this way. The mira
Gle was performed in $50 and th'
Irishman accepts It with as perfec
faith as he does the creation Of thu
world. and each year on the ami
versary, which occurs In July, thou
sands of pilgrims climb up to the Gel
tic cross and the old ruined chapel
many of them on their knees, to pra,
to the patron saint of their land.
His Death and Burial.
Even the death of Patrick. whicl
occurred in ass, was unlike tina
Of any other man, for as the day d
his death drew near as ne rested a
the Monastery of Saul an angel cam
to warn him After he passed ava
there was no night for twelve days
and men told how angels kept watcl
over his body and as they TRAVELLED
back to heaven diffused sweet odoH
as of wine and honey. According 4
history the good man was buried d
Downpatrick after much discussioI
among the monks Finally. It wd
decided that the body be placed In
wagon drawn by two unframed oxd
and that wherever they stopped IN
body should rest. The oxen begaI
their journey and the rival factions
monks retired to prayer. The oxd
stopped near the site Of the cathedr|
in Downpa trick and there the bod
was inferred His grave is visited al
nuallv by thousands Of persons, man
of whom carry away earth from ~
mound once a year the cavitiI
made by these relic hunters are RI
filed with earth from the nearel
Geld Tons of soil have been carrie
away
Relics.
Few relics of St. Patrick exist Dr(
ing the Middle Ages the church
Armagh cherished with superstitioI
/ Veneration two treasures which we
believed TO have belonged to h!m-|
pastoral staff and hand bell. II
staff was destroyed during the 81
teenth century. but the four sided irI
bell may still be seen in the Musey|
at Dublin. This bell. according
tradition. is the one he used when
sent the snakes into the sea.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-03-18

Mall was on the throne of Tara, ana
1t was by no means certain that he
would tolerate the presence or
Christian community within his bor-
dcrs. Patrick landed in this kingdom,
however but history soon transports
him to another section of ireland.
Finally he reached what is now
known as Armagh, where he founded
a church in d stable. This was about
435 A. D., and nine years later he
built church and monastery upon
the summit Of a hill overlooking a
most delightful country, whore he es-
tablished his ecclesiastical headquar-
tiers as Primate of 1relando
Legend of the Fire.
One of the best known legends is
founded upon the bitter hostility OF
the Druids to the new religion. The
story represents Patrick as resolving
to celebrate his first Easter in Ireland
on the hills of Slane on the banks of
the River Boyne on the night of
Easter Eve he and a few OF his fol-
lowers lit the Paschal fire. and on the
same night It so CHANGED that the
King of ireland held a high and SOL
emn festival in his palace at Tara,
where the kings and mobiles Of the
land had gathered 1t was the Gus
tom that on that night of the year
no fire should be lit until the fire had
been kindled with solemn ritual in
the palace. Suddenly one Of the no
bles saw a light shining ten miles
away across the plain OF Berge. The
King at once consulted his maCicians
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-03-18

Queen begged for the life Of the King,
who bent his knee before the saint In
mock worship of God. Afterward he
sought to STAY Patrick, who stood be-
fore him with his eight companions.
one of them boy. But as the King
counted them they disappeared and
he saw eight deer and n fawn max
ing for the wilds. The King returned
to Tara disheartened and ashamed.
Thus the fires Of Christianity out
shone those of heathenism.
Legend of the Poison Drop.
Another legend tells Of Patrick's APP
pearance on Easter morning at the
Kings palace, whore he came to
preach the Word A druid sorcerer
who was present put a drop of poison
in Patfick's cup but the saint blessed
The CUP ana the liquor was frozen ex-
cept the drop OF poison, which re
manned liquid and ran ont when the
cup was turned upside down Then
he blessed the cup again and the
liquor returned TO It's former state.
Patrick's fame soon spread over
ireland and many were converted. 1r
Int year ~ ne NISlltu ikpIlt " re-
ceive practical advice from the Pope
returning to Armagh in 444. where ne
received a grant of land from the
King Daire and founded the cathedra
already mentioned. After this Chris
tian churches sprung up in other part;
of ireland and thousands followed the
religion introduced by Patrick.
Driving Out the Snakes.
II was on the summit of the noun
tain known as CROUCH Patrick thai
the good man performed his greatest
mira cle-ba nishing the snakes from
Ireland. a large Celtic cross mark;
the spot where the venerated saint
brought together here ali the de
mons, toads. serpents. creeping thing
and other venomous creatures anc
imprisoned them in deep ravine or
the sea front of the mountain known
as Lugnademon Oen Of Demons)
AS fast as they came he placed then
in a pen. Then standing on the sum
NIT with a bell in his hand he cursed
them again and expelled them from
Ireland forever Every time he rams
the bell thousands of reptiles wen
tumbling into the sea and were swal
lowed IN by the waves"
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-03-18

Austria all nationalities fight side by
side with more or less harmony.
The army at present is made up OF
Austrians, Poles, Germans, Slovaks,
Czechs, Magyars, Ruthenians. Croats,
Roumanians, Italians. Slovenes and
Wallachians. The peculiar constitu-
ton of the dual monarchy Is reflected
in the organization of its military
forces. and the makeup of the army Is
entirely different from that OF other
countries. There Ia what Is known as
the first line or common army which
includes the troops raised in the newly
annexed provinces of Bosnia and
Herzegovina. The Austrian Land
wehr (Reserve Infantry and the
Austrian Landsturm (Reserve Cav
alry) form another part, while the
Hungarian (Houved) Landwehr and
the Hungarian (Nepfolkeles) Land
sturm form what 10 known as the
Hungarian National Army.
Military Service Compulsory.
Military service IS compulsory and
extends to all races. including Mo-
hammedans who reside In Bosnia and
Herzegovina, All men are liable to
service from their nineteenth to forty
second year in various capacities, al
though their actual service in the
army does not begin until after their
twenty first birthday. Both the Aus-
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-03-18
Z G<oo0D az O<IICS~G
and the Austrian goes down in defeat.
Early Battles Against Turks.

During the sixteenth and seven
teenth centuries the Austrian soldiers
We're continually lighting the Turks,
for the Mohammedan hordes made
frequent incursions on what Is now
known as Hungary, and it took all OF
the hghting men to keep the land
from the Turk. In 1853 the Turk
swept everything before him and was
at the gates of Vienna The city was
in state of siege and was finally
rescued by the Duke OF Lorraine, "A
general in the service of the German
Emperor, and King of Austria, Leo
pold l.. who had been placed in COM
mand of the army. John Sobieski.
King of Poland, was an aide to the
commanding officer. and his work
against the enemy in that campaign
was regarded as a remarkable exam
Pile of military strategy. So great was
the rout of the Turks on that occa-
sion that they fled to Belgrade. leav-
ing everything they had captured In
Hungary behind them. At another
time the Austrians under Prince Eu-
gene of Savoy threw the Turks into
confusion by crescent formation
and killed ten thousand of them, the
battle lasting only two hours.
Perhaps their greatest general was
Wallenstein, who found 1t easy to en-
list men under the Austrian banner
The majority of these men hoped to
get a portion OF army loot He In
vaded Denmark and for time was
victorious. and In 1882 fought bat
tie with Gustavus, King OF Sweden.
during which the latter was killed
The military genius of Wallenstein on
that occasion placed him high in the
roll OF generals Two years later he
Waa aaaps sinalAd.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-03-18
Used to Defeats.

Early in the eighteenth century the
Austria solder began 70 meet de-
feat. and 1t came SO often that It
finally became habit. When the
war hich was to decide whether or
not Marie Theresa was to succeed her
father. the Austrian went down to de-
feat at the beginning, but finally rail-
lied and captured Prague and Munich,
but all they accomplished in the end
was the acknowledgment of the legal
rights OF their Queen to the throne.
They lost part of Silesia TO Fred
erick the Great Of Prussia.
During the Seven Years War the
Austrians were soundly whipped many
times but finally won a victory
against Frederick of Prussia through
the excellent generalship of Leopold,
Count Daun. who completely routed
the Prussians. This was in 1851. A
few months later. the hoodoo fell
again and Austria suffered a severe
defeat.
In 1898 Austria and Russia Joined
their armies and won two or three
skirmshes against the French. Then
came the mighty Napoleon who, after
his march across the Alps, met and
completely crushed the Austrian army
at Marengo, regaining all the French
had lost. After this defeat came to
the Austrians with the rapidly OF
Mexican revolutions. AT ulm they
were badly beaten. At Austerlitz, one
Of the worlds famous battles, Ma
poleon's men literally cut the Austro-
Russian army to pieces. AT Ecklnhl
and at Ratisbon II was the same.
Then the Archduke Charles and the
Austrian army came back" and for a
time Bonaparte was compelled to re-
tire, but two months later the Aus
trian went down to defeat at Wagram,
A beautiful monument has been erect
ed to the men who fought under tho
Austrian banner on this field. II
stands in the center of large fenced
off SQUARE In the town of Wagram.
But again the Austrian came back,
and with the aid of the Russians and
Prussians he defeated Napoleon in a
three days battle at Leipzig. After
this came Waterloo, but by some
strange freak of fate Austria had no
part In the real defeat OF the man
she hated above all others.
But the Austrian's troub,N did not
end there. for an uprising " Hungary
caused him to buckle a. his sword
and go down to defea4 hSfore the
revolutionists and Louis N.1Ssuth then
lhs0ams ths head q - DAngarian re-
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-03-18

VINO declared that unless the hre was
quenched the same night 1t would
never be auenched and the kinder of
if would overcome everybody and Sc
duce oil tho fol,s ~ tbo roa,m The
.,,,.. or, l.. 49,.
WIN ~ " see me ISSUE VI 'ne mattel
anu VIC wan p"' ~ uc"'h .hoSo ""o
w sum 81" "saiiiS' our hihsuoni'
90 ne "au hihe o,'a'io's So'heu anu
VIZ" MS d"ee" anu '"o SUI cc'cis anu
others ne uroVe !hroush the night
over 'he pain o! serge Inc mag.
c'dhs arranged mat the hlhs Shoulu
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-03-18

send you food in your path this day
till ye are filled, for lie has plenty in
all places" Presently a drove of pigs
appeared in the road and the starving
travellers killed many of the swine.
After resting two nights they were
refreshed and ready to resume their
journey. declaring that the appear
ance Of the pigs was miraculous an
swer to Patrick's prayer.
A few days later Patrick had a
dream. A voice came to him saying,
Thou shalt remain with them two
months" At the end Of that time he
ran away 1t is the general suppo-
sition that they were in Italy at this
time and that the desert was really
the wilderness of Southwestern Gaul
(France) at that period. After trav-
eling for some time Patrick found
refuge in the closter of Honoratus,
where he lived for several years.
Became a Missionary.
During his stay at the monastery
he determined to become a mission
airy. but before embarking on this ca
reer he returned to Britain to visit
| his old home. His kinsfolk tried to
dissuade him, but again he had a
dream. In his vision he saw a man
standing by his side. The man seems
to have come from Ireland and car
ried a bundle of letters. Patrick read
the letters---the voice Of the Irish
I'VE pray thee. holy youth. to come
again and walk among us as before. =
The dreamer could not resist the plea
but he determined to prepare him
self for the work and returned to
Gaul France) to study. Finally he
was ordained deacon by Bishop Anna
tor.
When Patrick returned to Ireland
"a n bishop a son of the great Kinp
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-03-18

trian and Hungarian Landwehr are
permanently embodied and train their
own recruits according to the local
sentiments of the part of the Empire
IN which the recruit enlists. In time
OF peace the units of this part of the
army are much lower than that Of
the Common Army"
When the young men have reached
the enlistment age they present them
selves for enrolment and draw num-
bers. Those drawing the lowest num-
bers are allotted to the Common
Army until the required number is
obtained. The next lowest are sent
to the Landwehr, and the remainder
to what is known as the Ersatz, or
supplementary reserve part of the
military plan of Austria primarily In
tended to maintain the strength of the
units on field service.
The Empire is divided into sixteen
army corps districts: these are divided
and sub divided into various regi-
ments in IA somewhat complicated
manner. Unlike other countries, the
War Minister. the hsad Of the I'M
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-03-18

@NERY country Of any age or
l. imagination has its legends,
some to illustrate the mYs-
~ FERROUS power of mythical per-
sonages or to perpetuate in this way
reverence for prominent historical
figures whose real life is nearly lost
in the twilight zone between fable
and fact, but ireland holds unique
position in her legendary history. The
legends concerning St. Patrick, the
patron saint OF Ireland, are splendld
examples OF the stories Of the country
that have been handed down from IA
Their to son for centuries. OF course,
nobody doubts that the good St Pat
rick lived and that he brought Chris
tianity into Ireland early In the fifth
century, or that he did accomplish
marvellous things. but even the most
superstitious person will listen with
! grain Of salt TO some Of the legends
which the Irish believe to be facts.
Born Roman Citizen.
ST. Patrick. the man who was des-
tined to play such an important part
IN the Christianizing Of Ireland. was
born in the year 3s7 A. u. His IA
Their, Calpurnis. was Briton, but,
like all free subjects Of the Empire,
was Roman citizen and bore a Ro-
man name. He lived at what is now
Dunbarton, Scotland. and was a mag
istrate in the service of the Romans,
and there st. Patrick was born. AS
If was the habit of the natives to give
their children the Latin name, which
stamped them as Romans. as well as
a British name by which they were
known at home, the saint was named
Patricius Mogonus. AS the son of a
good man, Patrick was taught the
Scriptures and educated in the Chris
tian faith and to regard the Church
Of Rome as the mighty bulwark Of the
world.
When the lad was but sixteen years
Of age a feet of Irish freebooters
came to the coasts plundering the
farms and loading their vessels with
captives. Patrick was at his fathers
farm at the time and became one OF
the victims and was carried away &c
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-03-18
Although Defeat After
Defeat Has Followed the
Austrian Army the Sol
der Of That Land Can
Never Be Accused of
Cowardice = Has Gained
Nothing for His Country
By the Sword.

'" uSTRIA'S military career can
lay claim to few, If any. real
successes; strange fatality
has followed her armies
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-03-18

public. Then Austria begged Fu|
to come to her aid and Hungary
reclaimed
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-03-18

lay NIdlIl 10 lew, IL any, rear
successes: strange fatality
y j has followed her armies,
whether fighting an aggressive cam
paign on foreign soil or operating on
the defensive at home. In nearly
every part of Europe during the last
two centuries her forces have met in
battle her enemies and defeat has al
most invariably been the result
There Is probably considerable diff
ference of opinion as to the cause Of
this almost uninterrupted series of
failures, but there seems to be no
doubt as to the bravery of her soldiers
or their willingness to endure hard
ships and face danger in defense of
their country.
Austria has had some leaders who
were regarded as military men Of
marked ability but somehow 1t seems
that something always goes wrong
Just when victory Is in sight. 1t may
be that there Is some inherent ma
tional defect in the Austrian's make
up that prevents him from being a
good soldier. but whatever the cause
II cannot be charged to cowardice or
treason. for no body of men are
Drawer In battle than the Austrians.
Whilst their military history Is with
out results or glory, yet on many a
hard fought battle field Austria's men
have contributed to great victories
the credit for which has largely gone
to other nations as well as the fruits
OF the victories.
Many Races In the Army.
The Austrian Empire Is made up OF
"A conRlom ar ton Of nationa-at I0aaI
ten different languages being spoken
in its domain. The army Is. of course
drawn from these people. and with sc
many races II seems remarkable how
such patriotic sentiment has beer
kept up. A polyglot blend is not gen
Z Axalk eooduoays 70 patyiotism. but "
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-03-18

public. Then Austria begged Ru
to come to her aid and Hungary
reclaimed
III Treated by Prussia.
The next scrap" in which Aus
had a part was when she decided
help Prussia in a dispute with
mark and the victory was easy
the affair was scarcely ended W
Austria and Prussia quarrelled
the fruits of the victory-the Du
Of Schleswig Holstein-and at the
tie of Sadowa the Austrian a
came out as usual-in defeat, leay
twenty thousand of her men dead
the field and nearly as many Ia
prisoners. Besides this, she was c
PEELED to resign her rights to the
duchy and pay a large indemnity
sides.
Count Berchtold, the Chancellot
Austro- Hungary, who has rece
been deposed, has been for years
der German influences and ever
Vienna he has been charged
steering the Austrian ship OF
more IN HCtol udHNt NitH WIG w
OF the military party at Berlin
with the policy OF the Emp
Franz Joseph. His place has
taken by Baron stephen
Burian. an able Magyar states
and close friend of the Prime
lister Of Hungary, the able G.
TisZa.
Military Martyrs.
Austria's fighting men have
their duty in the present war ano
complished far more than they
been given credit for. Always
Swallowed by the movements and
tories of the gigantic German
one learns little of the work or
Austrian soldier except now and
we are told that they failed to
back the Russians or retreated bd
the Servians. Thousands OF
grave men have gone to their d
while thousands more have
wounded or made prisoners. BE
full Vienna. the gayest city in Eu
is filled with wounded men
women robed in garbs of mour
Budapest, too, has become a cit
sadness Up in the Tyrol the h
song Of the mountaineer is no Id
heard for the god of battle has
cred many of the Tyroleans In
Harvest of Death. With no ms
ton of past victories, which seer
be the inheritance of every othej
ton, the Austrian soldier goes
to do and die without question:
military martyr Of Europe.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-03-18

~NERY country of any age or
l. Imagination has its legends,
some to illustrate the mys-
~ FERROUS power of mythical per-
The Daytona daily news. [volume] (Daytona, Fla.) 1903-1926, 1915-01-11

Think Of the long procession OF dlI
people that you pass daily OIL the street
noticing them only as the drab back
ground for the young faces which, 70
you. shine out like stars, advises Cor
nelia A. P. Conner In the Atlantic
They seem unimportant folk. and yoA
ind them as stupid as babies %
grown-ups-yet these are they VINO
know the secrets OF the Seven stars
and Plato's Year, They have solved
tho long problem of work; they have
irrigated deserts. washed down hills
tunneled mountains. sailed strange
seas, controlled vast engines. TheE
have also fronted death fearlessly ana
been convinced of immortality. They
have looked at Love aghast and found
IN themselves infinite springs OF ten
derness to quench the flames OF lust
and greed. They have created ne"
bodies and new souls. Lying In King
houses or fouled in the mire, starred
gorged. scorched. frozen, lifted up 10
heaven. cast down to hell-from al
this have they learned nothing?
The Daytona daily news. [volume] (Daytona, Fla.) 1903-1926, 1915-01-11
English Puddinos.

A book could be written ON English
puddings alone, so many and varied
are they, and they have been closely
associated with English festivities
since very early records. Sometimes
the puddings are of enormous size. At
INSTRUMENTATION buildings weigh.
ing a ton are sometimes made on fes.
tive occasions. Every so years a mon
ster pudding is made at Paignton IN
Devonshire. The last one weighed III
tons and required eight horses to haul
II through the village green. 1t was
formerly the custom to drive the pud-
ding in state through the streets Of
Exeter on the way to Paignton. The
Paignton pudding is generally boiled
for about four days in a brewers con.
per