Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1915-07-07
Information
ON MILEAGE
Facts Being Collected BY the
Department Of Agriculture.
COST OF OUR HIGHWAYS.

HSoatkS OF tHo (auW9eo WIN oSfvS -
easis For Estimating the Relative
Values Of the Different Kinds Of
Highways Throughout the Country.
The United States department Of ag-
riculture Is now gathering information
which, when complete. should not only
give the total mileage Of public roads
In the United States and their cost.
but should serve as basis for esti-
mating the relative value Of the differ
ent kinds OF highways Some $1,000
sets Of inquiry blanks have already
been distributed through the state
highway commissions. and some OF
these are now beginning to come back
to the department Each set consists
Of four cards
OF these the first asks for informa-
ton on the mileage OF different classes
OF roads In the county to which It II
sent The mileage does not include.
Of course. streets In cities and towns.
The roads are divided into ten classes
as follows. Brick paved. concrete.
macadam, with the addition Of some
substance such as asphalt oil or tar;
plain rnacadam. gravel. she'll other
hard surfaced roads. sand and clay
mixture properly graded and drained.
ordinary earth roads properly con-
structed and. finally. unimproved roads
The second card asks for information
In regard to the tax rate for the roads
a. - ur.A or
pended on them.
The third blank Ia concerned with
the names OF local road officials and
the fonrth with facts In regard TO the
bond issues and the Indebtedness OF
the counties for their road systems.
As there are approximately 5000
counties In the United States. In many
Of which the mileage has never even
been estimated. IL Is hardly probable
that this preliminary survey VIII be
exact. The department, however. viii
be able To detect any excessively mac
curate report. for the read mileage per
square mile OF territory does not vary
excessively Except In desert or I'M
developed country less than half
mile OF public road 10 every square
mile OF territory Is rare. while In the
most thickiy populated rural sections
the maximum Is no more than two and
one-half or three niles, Thus Ia
France there Is an average for the en-
tire country OF LT6 TO square mile.
In Italy. however. this has fallen to
0.Sa. possibly on account OF the noun
famous character OF much OF the pen
insuia and OF Sicily and Sardinia
In America the average Is approx
mateiy oS0 nile. which In view OF the
fact that much Of the country Is sparse
iy settled seems unduiy high An ex-
PLANTATION. however. Is TO be found In
the fact that in many states the law
provides that each section line shall be
4 public road. Thus. for example. there
are In the state OF Iowa alone more
than 10000 miles Of legal highways,
manifestly a much larger mileage than
is required by traffic,
When the information In regard TO
the existing roads which the depart
ment is now seeking is complete 1t Is
the intention to continue the inquiry
year after year in order to ascertain
the desirability and economy Of the
various highways. The data thus col
lected should be useful TO road engi-
neers all over the country, and II IL
hoped that county agents and others
interested In improvement OF agricul-
ture win do their best to facilitate the
collection Of the desired information