davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13
AN EARLY INVESTOR.
COuAens second Only to Ford In
building Up the Company.

Although James Couzens has not at
traciei so much attention as his $50
clate. Henry Ford. his connection with
the Ford Motor Company has been of
Importance second only to that OF Mr..
Ford. and his personality is a most in
teresting one.
Mr.. CouZens was getting but $500 a
year as clerk in 1909 when the Ford
company made its small beginnings, yet
in 1914 his cash dividends totalled s5,-
00O OO0 and his stock dividend $1,000
600. an amount second only to the divi-
dend Of Mr.. Ford himself. which was
s2s. 100000.
\. Y. Malcolmson, a coal dealer. who
was Henry Ford's original partner in
the inception of what is now the greatest
automobile manufacturing business in the
world. was Mr.. Couzenss employer and
1t was through him that Mr.. Couzen,
had the opportunity to buy Ford stock
He had saved s400 out of his salary
and Mr.. Malcolmson gave him $500
bonus. He borrowed 800 from sister
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13
CROZIER SAYS LABOR
IS FOE OF ARSENALS
objection to Scientific Rule
Blocks Good Work. Ord
nance Chief Asserts.

PHILADELPHIA. Dot. le.--That organ
lied labor is attempting to throttle the
plan of the United States Government
for scientific management In arsenais
and ammunition plants was declared
last night by Brig. Gen. William Cro-
zler, chief of ordnance, United states
army, in an address here.
Gen CroZier let II he known that the
army officers are not alone concerned
with sufficient appropriations Tor ma
tional defence at the next Congress- p,t
fear insidious legislation that may biock
the work accomplished in the Govern
ment plants. particularly the Water'o"h
and Franl>ford arsenais.
cen. Crozier told how the Taylor
system of scientific management had been
applied some few years ago TO the
Watertown arsenal and the Frankiord
nlant with the result that the crder OF
work was kept more thoroughly IN mana
and the immediate objection ny organ.
ized labor to the time study ana
"premium payments. .,
"The time study is really an eNam'-
nation hy experts of the best means or
doing the work" said Gen. Crozier.
"Rv this means we ascertain the rea-
son,hle time in which the work can be
done. The premium payment or m
crease is that secured over the daIy
work usually required, II Is applied
along the theory that wages pa'd or"-
narijy in an industrial community are not
wages for the best work and best cxecu-
tlon but wages paid In accord with the
degree of work,
"This second part met with DECIDED
Uuposition by labor organizations ana
we began to hear ,f strikes ana threats
..rhe petitions that have been sent out
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13
FORDS MANAGER QUITS;
TALK DISGUSTS HIM
James COuZcns Was One of the
Principal Builders of the
Company.
BEGAN AS $1,000 CLERK

DETROIT. Oct Thames Couzens.
Nice-president and genera, manager Of
the Ford Motor Company. has resigned.
giving as his reason that hc could not
agree with Mr.. Ford on the latter's pub
hc war utterances. and especially his
'unpreparedncss'' sentiments.
Rumors Of disagreement among the
officials OF the Ford company have been
heard for several days, but were always
denied. At noon to-day these two men
met in the Detroit Club. Soon after tlel r
conference Mr. Couzens stated .hat he
had resigned from the concern. the resis-
nation to take immediate effect. He also
stated that the relations between Mr..
Ford and himself had been nearing the
breaking point for IA week.
Yes, the report that have resigned
from the concern is true" said Mr..
Cou2ens. ~ have disagreed with MIR.
Ford's public utterances on finance, un-
preparedness and about everything else
of late. l cannot be carried along on
that kind OF kite.
Il was quite willing to work with MIR.
Ford. but not for him. The friendly
relations THAT existed between us for so
many years--fourteen in faCt-have been
changed. We started in the automobile
business together. and 1t was through,
my efforts that tine Ford Motor Company
was built up around one man--Henry
Ford
The world Is perhaps interested in
the fact that | have resigned from the
concern because the company occupies
such unique position in the financial
world. but concerning our own personal
difficulties they ought not to be of public
interest.
MIR. Fords utterances on public mat
ters especially that of preparedness, have
disgusted me. | disapproved OF them
and il was of so serious moment To me
that I at last decided to break relations
with him. | told him so and We had il
out"
The board of trustees of the Ford
Motor Company will meet tomorrow
morning ana formally accept Mr.
Couzens's resignation.
Aside from MIR. CouZens's statement
that it was Mr.. Ford's public utter
ances" that caused the break between
them. nothing definite could be ascer-
tanned to-day.
b Mr. CouZens denied the many rumors
that MIR. .Ford's views and expressions
OH the European war had hurt business
in the least. He will retain his financial
interests in the company, which run into
millions.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13
AFRICANS COPY U. S. PASSPORT
I.ibcrinns in Paris. Having None
AdOpt American Form.

PARIS. Oct. l2.--The form OF the
American passport is being used ior
drawing up Liberian passports, 1t was
learned to-day. These passports did not
exist hitherto. The necessity for them
arose through the residence in Paris OF
five I.sberian negroes who had no papers.
The French authorities required pass
ports, but Liberia is not represented
automatically in France. Hence the
Young Portuguese Minister to Liberia,
who has never visited his post, examined
the passport forms of all nations and
chose the American as the best lie Dor
rowcd a blank form from the United
states Embassy and ordered five en-
graved.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13
Chief Aim Is To Cut OFF Sup
plies From Forces Re-
>i>ting Tcuton>.
KAISER REPORTED
TO BE At BELGRADE
.\u>tlU-i;rImans Take Town
and Fortress Of Semen
drM on Danube.
CRITICS IN LONDON
TAKE GLOOMY VIEW
Steamer Carrying NUM-
tiOnS to Serbs Said to Have
Been Captured.
>Ds, .ol cobIe Ds paich 10 Ta4 SIS.


I.oNpoN. Oct. 2.--Eulgarian aImies
crossed into Serbian territory a. three
points Yesterday. Two OF these armies
are evidently destined TO marcl on Nigr
the present capital. and the ,h'Id, havlisg
entered Serbia further to Tie north, Is
aiming to cut off the Orieit railway At
Faratschin. thus leaving the forces re-
sisting the German Invasion without Il
line for supplies.
Semendria, Oh the DargJl. .as been
captured by tho Gorn.aLS. Elth tre
town and ;he fortress wee captured
after bitter tightir@ on the part of the
Serbs. who held ont as long as military
discretion would permit
Ia addition to the capture OF Semeu-
d.ia the Berlin War Office announces
that the Austio-'erman armies Of in
vasion are everywhere making favorable
progress. News from other sources,
however, indicates that at sume points
the invaders are being held up by the
Serbs. who are iightius with their ua-
ditioual heroism. The advance o. tn.
German army which has sought II cross
the brinl, Oh the western hordcr OF Sc.-
bia, seems TO have OCon definitely
checked.
The all important fac iu the Gdlkan
situation Tonight lies IN the news that
bulgaria has at last attacked Serbia.
tnreateuins her communications from
the south
Regardiu- the sending % allied rc,u-
fntceneuts To- serbia there Is SIN 40 uf-
fical announcement from any OF the En-.
ten'e Powers that adequate measures
hay" been taken t. relieve the pressure
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13
FINANCIER MAY BE M. P.
Sir o.. ~. lioiden, commissioners,
slated for Seat; Way Re- In Cabinet

l.oNpoN, oct l2.--The Parliamentary
vacancy in the Haywood division of Lam
cashre caused by the death At the Dar-
danellcs of Capt Harold Thomas Craw-
ley will probably he filed by Sir Ed
ward nopkinson Holden, who held the
seat from 1905 until 1910, and who re-
Gently has been q member Of the British
financial commission that arranged the
$500. 0oO, 900 Auglo-French loan In New
York. II is said that Sir Edward may
get "A place in the Cabinet.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13
URGE ALBANIA TO WAR.
..Eree Macedonia" said 10 Br Tru-
ton Nnit for Clash with Serbia.

NpfcU 'dOfe Dtapdt'" I" an ~ -
ROME. oct. IA Bari despatch Ia
the Id,u Ma. iondl' says III" Central
Powers are urging Albanians 10 night
against Serbia to free Macedonia,
which they describe as inhabited about
equally by Albanians and Bulgarlans
Prince William of Wied, former ruler
Of Albania, who has been on the Serbian
front with the German army, Is reported
10 have returned to Albania.
Another report says many persons
decorated in the past by King Ferdinand
Of Bulgaria have returned their decora-
tions t. the King in protest against his
attitude.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13
DREAM or WORLD POWER
l.ermans' Hopes Raised nigh bH
CAPTURE OF BcInrRdc.
Spcciol Cabf Despatch 10 Tnr srS,

CopENuAGrN. via London. Oct IL
Berlin dispatches agree that nothing
since the war began has conjured up 50
vividly the dream OF world power which
the Germans cherish as the capture OF
the historic Serbian fortress and former
capital. Belgrade.
II is regarded by the German press as
an extremely important step in the colos-
sal campaign which Germany is certain
will decide the war and the dcstincs OF
the world under German control
The Germans now consider tn" ROAD
to Constantinople practically open ana
insist that the Allies, especially hussla'
have lost all influence in the Balkans,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13
COEDS REBUKE WILSON.
Iowa College Girls Decide He's
Too Unsty In Ucmarrylng.

Iowa CITY. la, oct. 12.--The girl
students at the University OF Iowa have
decided by vote that President Wilson is
hasty in getting married again After
discussing this question they adopted II
resolution that he should have waited
longer,
The girls decided. however. that Mrs.
Ga,t n eminently fitted for the position
in n, tety which she will be called upon
TO I'LL.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13

"Bulsaria made claims upon her four
frontiers at the expense OF her four
neighbors We had hoped thar Rumania,
Greece and Serbia. to whom magnificent
perspeCt Owes opened elsewhere, would con-
sent to the sacrifices. IN exchange for
which they would receive large compen-
satlon
AS to Turkey. winch had thrown
herself into the aims Of Germany, there
was 10 need for further consideration.
our efforts with Rumania Were par
tally successful. Rumauia. the peo-
pie Of which country frequently mani
tested French sympathies. was not un-
favorabl. to the reestablishment of the
Balkan alliance Her partial mobliza-
ton permitted her to repulse an threat
ened aggression--tiefend herself against
all German pressure and observe with
the closest attention events along
III. frontiers, both Austrian and Bul-
garian.
"Rumania knew. however, that only
victory on the part of the Quadluple
Entente could assure her independence
ana satisfy her national aspirations.
In their considerate desire to give the
bulgarian people satisfaction In their
aspirations the Powers of the Quadruple
Entente did not hesitate to ask valiant
Serbia to make heavy concessions. De-
spite the cruelty of such a sacrifice and
desirous of proving their attachment to
the Allies which were combating for
their common Independence the Serbian
people made this extraordinary effort
and resigned themselves. hoping for COM
pensations that the victory of the quad
ruple Powers would be able 10 give Ser.
bia elsew here.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13
WAR FUND USED AT VATICAN.
Gardens Improved with S.s.OOO
Intended for TrutOu Propaganda.

w fUT 'VVIt VtNVUT'W TO T1F IT y
RoME, oct, l2.--Mgr. Gerlacn the
papal Chamherlan. who Is of Austrian
nationality aud has been confined to TIA"
Vatican since Italy and Austria Went to
war. has betrayed the tNpeusrS of eNten-
slve improvements in the Vatican gar
dens The cost of the improvements
amounted to 5000
II was at first said the money had
been offered to tn" Pope by au anouy-
nous donor, hut IL now turns ont that
Mgr. Gcrach supplied tho funds from
money intended for .\ustro-Gernan
propaganda at the Vatican
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13
Text of speech.

The country. owing To ihr grave
events Row taking place said the
Premisr. must bc Informed. and the
Government takes this opportunity TO
make "A declaration of the situation ana
its policy.
"'rhe Balkan question Was raised al
the outset Of the war, even before II
came to the attea,ion OF the world 1he
Bucharest treaty had left in Bulgaria
profound heartburrings. Neither KING
nor people was resigned to the loss OF
the fruits OF their efforts and sacritces
and to the consequences of the I'M
justiiiable war they had waged upon
their former allies.
"From the first day the allied Cow
ernmcnts took into account the dangers
Of such IA situation and sought means
to remedy il. Their policy has pro-
cesd.d in the spirit of justice and gem
erosity which has characterized the at
as well as France.
I'VE have attempted to reestablisa thc
union of the kslkan peoples and in
accord with them seek the realization
Of their principal national aspirations.
The equilibrium thus obtained by mutual
sacrifices really made by each would
have been the best guarantee OF future
peace. Despite constant EFFORTS. IN
which Emnauia, Greece and Serbia lent
their ass! 'tance. We have been unabl"
to obtain the sincere collaboration of the
Bulgarian Government. The difficulties
respecting the negotiations Were always
at SOFIA.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13

PETRoGRAp. Oct. l2,--Thc Government
has decided to issue currency stamps as
n result Of the insufficiency Of the silve.
and copper coin supply.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13

N0uil Finley thr ElayOr
81 4' 'irious Dscrfoot Farm sausage, Best
"0'n baked. lnsist on the genuine. .--Adp
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13

The Serbian War Dt'ioo ISSUED the FOL-
There were desperate comhltS for
the positions south uf I;Hm. where 10
repulSed ali enemy attacks, on.
troops took the offensive hotNcru
Malava and the Morava River, throw
ing the enemy back ON the bank ~
the Danube and capturing three NOR
tars and -four machine guns
Continued D. Ssage Of the river hc-
tween Scmendr,a aud Gp5omirs los
the enemy vas prevented. ono dotarh-
meut that mad crossed near Scmcudrl
was lnnihilated in part by our FIRE.
and the rest of the troops were driven
into the stream.
Nt belgrade, following heav, cam
nonading. the enemy tried tu take by
assault Great Nratchar and bcdiguc.
but WAS thrown back with heavy losses
before Great Nratchar and driven on
OF DediCnc by a counter attack, after
having lost "A considerable part of his
force
The enemy continued unSurcessful
efforts to take our positions toward
Seahrezre and krtiOska. We rcpu'scu
other attacks at Machva toward
Obrenovatz and AZ Btul.
on the priuI front several dctach-
ments OF Austro-Gormaus crossed tho
river between TSara Ectra and Pado-
vmtzc, but We're unable to advance.
We hold oul positions,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13
RUSSIANS TO STRIKE
AT BULGARIA TO-DAY
Premier Niviani Tells French
Deputies Allies Will TO
to Scrbia's Aid.
CHEERS GREET WORDS
Defends Landing Of Troops at
SalOnica and Says the
Greeks Approve.
CHEERS GREET WORDS
,seo,a, cable Despatch TO InA :, ,

PARIS. oct. l2.--There will be no
shrinking on the part OF the Allies from
the task of sending sufficient troops TO
the aid OF beleaguered Serbia, Premier
Nivianl told the Chamber to-day.
From now" said lie, France and
England. In accord with their allies. are
completely agreed 10 go 10 ;he aid or
Serbia. to The extent she has asked our
aid. and to assure to the profit Of serbia,
Greece and Rumania respect for the
treaty of Bucharest, Of which We are the
guarantor.
Tomorrow Russia's troops will fight
alongside ours to help the Serbian peo-
pa," continued the Premier. The depu-
ties cheered this positive promise.
A reference to 'the readiness OF heroic
Serbia to fight again" evoked loud
cheering. which was repeated when the
Premier s,ismati2ed as "!nane' ihe
comparisons between the Allies action
al Salonica aud iermsny's violation OF
Belgium neutrality
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13

"'The equivocal attitude of the Bul-
garian Government led the Greek Gov
ernment to maintain u waiting policy.
Our diverse proposals received tardy
response from the bulgarian Govern
ment. which asked for additional de.
tails and at the same time carried on
parallel negotiations with our enemies
Finally at the moment when the Quad
ruplc Entente informed Bulgaria of the
important concessions Serbia was ready
to make King Ferdinand signed an ac-
cord with Turkey and engaged himself
definitely with Germany.
ITO our friendly question as to his in
tention, the response was BULGARIAN
the concentration OF Austro-German
troops on the Danube indicated united
action against Serbia.
I'm the presence Of this attitude we
immediately declared null and void the
advantages and guarantees that we had
announced we were ready to offer Bull
gara and we have resumed with the
other Balkan States our liberty OF ac-
ton toward them, On its side, heroic
Serbia, whose three successive glorious
wars have not had the effect of diminish
ing its courage, silently prepared to meet
upon two fronts the concerted attacks OF
Berlin. Vienna and Sofia.
From a moral standpoint and from
the standpoint of military consequences
we could not accept the isolation OF
Serbia and the rupture of our commune
cations with our ally and friend.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-13
stock Takes settle Chance.

Continued ON Tewth Pd0e.
The Washington times., 1915-09-27
VETERANS AND KIDS"
SEE CIRCUS PARADE
Carl Hagenbeck- k-WaI|ace Shows
Here for Two Performances
Today and Tomorrow.

Just as though the town didn't have
week Of excitement and parades
ahead. the Carl Hagenbeck-wallace
circus thrilled the small boy and d.
verted the attention of the G. 4. II.
veteran by sending its animals and per-
formers on long parade through the
city this morning.
The circus parade began At the show
grounds. Fifteenth and II streets no, tn
east. and went al the way 10 Washing
ton circle. and then swung back down
the Avenue.
More than 1000 men and women and
horses were in the line of march. ac-
cording to figures Of the circus.
Thousands Of Washingtonians and
thousands Of visitors lined tho streets
and crowded office and shop windows
as the parade passed.
In addition to the performance this
afternoon at o'clock another exhi-
bition will be given tonight at
o'clock. The same program will be
repeated tomorrow. with the exception
that there Will be no parade. Doors to
the menagerie open an hour before
the show. An operatic concert by a
military band of forty-two sololsts
precedes each performance. The cir
Gus will leave tomorrow night for
Frederick.
The Washington times., 1915-09-27

no one met with injuries in the. rushes
which resembled under-classmen's tugs
of-war on college campuses. Those who
took part, however. entered with good
grace and took their buffeting with
smiles. women's hats were knocked
askew, but they did not heed this
rImpiing as they snatched ut the
chance to obtain a substantial discount
on a pair Of shoes or a bejeweled trim
ket.
simultaneously with the signal for the
distribution Of the balloons, sixty-fve
Of the largest stores OF the city drew
from before their windows curtains to
display wares arranged in the competi..
by the Retail Merchants Association
for the best dressed windows.
This afternoon and tonight the Judges
in the window dressing contest will
make their inspections. Each window
entered will be viewed under both
natural and artificial lighting condi-
tions. The judges are ]. r. Hamilton.
The Times; Troland Clears, The Herald:
Leroy w. Heron. The Star; and Ralph
Goldsmith, The Post.
In addition to the cups offered by tho
Retail Merchants Association, a prize
of SO in cash and a loving cup have
been offered by the Washington Shoe
Retailers Association to be awarded
to the merchant and window trimmer
whose display exccls among the foot
wear establishments.
The committee which arranged the
fall buying inaugural IL composed Of
M. A. Leese. chairman; Joseph Ber-
berich. Sidney West. Julius Duehring.
and George S. DeNeale.
The Washington times., 1915-09-27
DANIELS WILL HELP
BURY "A VICTIMS
Full Naval Honors to Be Given
at Arlington Services To.
morrow.

Secretary Daniels and other high Of
ficials OF the navy will participate In
ceremonies at Arlington Cemetery to-
morrow In burying fourteen victims of
the FL. the submarine that was lost
at Honolulu last March.
Four caskets containing the bodies are
at the Washington Navy Yard today.
The caskets arrived yesterday from San
Francisco. to which point they were
brought following the raising OF the
submarine.
The victims will be accorded burial
with full navI honors. Secretary Dan
iels and Assistant Secretary Roosevelt
have arranged to attend. Nearly all
""~eau chiefs will 20.
The funeral cortege will proceed from
the Washington navy yard at . O'Clock
tomorrow. The burial will take place
at 10 O'Clock. The bodies will be at
tended by an honorary escort up Penn
sylvania venue consisting OF the Ma
rine Band, a battalion OF seamen, the
Second Battalion OF the Third Field
Artillery. the Fifth Cavalry Band. and
the Third squadron of the Fifth cav
airy.
chaplain NJ. c. Gleeson, now stationed
Mt Newport, and Chaplain J. B. Frazier,
Of the Norfolk navy yard, will have
charge.
Among the unidentified bodies is that
OF Lieut.. Alfred l.. Eide. who COM
manded the F4. The body of Ensign
Timothy aPrker, q visitor on the sub
arine, also cannot be Identified,
The widow Of Lieutenant EIDE will at
tended the services.
The Washington times., 1915-09-27
Army and Navy
ARMY.


Colonel CHARLES RICHARD. after
his relief from duty as commandant
Army Medical School. will proceed
about October Is to New York and
report to the officer In charge OF
the medical supply depot.
First Lieutenant THOMAS ]. JOHN
SON Is ordered to proceed to Manila
about November s, instead Of Octo-
Der .. lS5.
Major RAYMOND F. METCALFE
Medical Corps. is relieved from tenn
porary duty in the Second Division
and will proceed at once to Fort
Sam Houston, Tex.
Captain JAMES J. LOVING. Corps OF
Engineers, is relieved from his pres
ent duty and station at Ravenswood
W. Va.
Captain JAMES J. LOVING. Corps OF
Engineers, upon his relief from his
present duties. will repair to this
city. take station, and report in
person to the Engineer Commissioner
OF the District OF Columbia for duty
as an assistant.
Ma jor JAMES NJ. KENNEDY, Medical
Corps. will take charge of the med
ical supply depot, st. Louis, during
the absence of Lieutenant Colonel
THOMAS L. RAYMOND. Medical
Corps.
Leave of absence for fifteen days Is
granted First Lieutenant GEORGE
F. sTALLMAN. Medical Reserve
Corps.
The Washington times., 1915-09-27
Asks Permission to Pay
HutchinS' Estate Note

Attorneys for william J. Dante. col
lector OF the estate OF the late Stilson
Hutcbins. today gave notice to the at
torneys representing the heirs that re-
quest will be made Of the Probate
Court tomorrow permitting the part
payment of a note for $eOOOO against
the estate. The collector seeks the
privilege OF paying 5000 to the Phila-
delphia Savings Fund Society. holder
OF the note. securing a loan on the
Armory Building here. and 500 to the
agent of the society for service in pro-
curing an extension Of payments on the
not/. The notice was served on at.
torneys for Rose Keeling IIutchins. Lee
Hutchins. Walter Stilson Hutchins, and
on Miss Mildred Rogers