davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-04-08
THE GOVERNOR AND THE LABOR BILL

Governor Fielder is to act upon the partisan bill
which passed the Senate yesterday consolidating the
Department of Labor and the Bureau of Statistics
and extending the term of State Labor Commissioner
Bryant FIVE years, with complete authority over all
the activities of the consolidated department Gov
ernor Fielder has indicated his purpose to veto this
bill.
AS originally framed OF the economy and
efficiency measures the bill left the appointment Of
the responsible head of the new department to the
Governor. But the bill changed SO to name
Mr. Bryant and thus take away the accustomed ap-
pointing power from the executive This was par
tsan change The labor department evidently
is regarded future adjunct of Republican cam
paigns In the State. The change made In the bill is
reactionary.
And the principle is wrong. In this case an ap-
pointment should be made BY the Governor for term
end with his own leaving his successor to appoint
for three years term. This is the principle OF
mayoraty appointments in Newark and It should be
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-04-08
HOW TO FINANCE THE STATE.

The State government has been for years on
the backwoods township principle of pay you go,
and as a consequence its institutions for dependents
are greatly overcrowded and lack many important
improvements, while It's treasury is semi-bankrupt
It is well known that all business enterprise is
transacted by borrowing. Every railroad is bonded
otherwise there would be little railroad enterprise
All municipalities. except some backward and torpid
places in the country districts, regularly borrow
money Nearly all the States have bonded debts.
The United States government resorts to the money
lender when necessary.
The pay-as-you-go principle in business is con-
fined to such enterprises as peanut vending and to
small and stagnant towns. New Jersey has adhered
to 1t only because 1t put into the State constitu
ton in 1914. at time when there little public
enterprise and when the village idea prevailed in the
State. 1t has kept the State from progressing.
It is proposed to abandon this backwoods
policy by taking all permanent improvements out of
the States annual budget and making the cost of
them charge future generations, well
own That is business policy; 1t is the policy
OF all the principal States of all the great
tions and of municipalities generally.
The extraordinary appropriations of legislative
year mainly for permanent improvements, and
these run into hundreds of thousands of dollars
They usually largely exceed the amount of interest
and sinking fund for 900 of bonds. There
FORE by the bond policy the States great institutional
and other permanent needs can be supplied without
increasing the total the annual appropriations
81 the amounts formerly included in them will be
eliminated
1t has been demonstrated that administration
penses for the State be reduced by several hum
dred thousand dollars annually while there also
good of revenue available. business legis-
lature could cut all the out of the
administration and add at least half million to the
States tax So there would not be the
shadow of an excuse for State tax.
AS 1t is there be progress for New Jersey
in the way of permanent betterments unless adopt
the nationwide and worldwide principle of spread
ing the of such betterments several genera
tions.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-04-08
Is Scientific Torture Not "Cruelty?"

we have right to decide who shall
be privileged to do Them"
In speaking of the account of these
experiments, the British Medical
Journal. the highest medical author
ity in England, said that 1t called for
"our strongest reprobation as a rec
ord of the most wanton and stupidest
cruelty we have ever seen chronicled
under the guise of scientific expert
ments. Apart from the ut
terly useless nature of the observa-
tions. there is callous in
difference shown in the description Of
the sufferings of the poor brutes
which Is positively revolving
These experiments, thus most seath-
ingly condemned by the highest scien-
tif1c authorities in England and
America, we're performed in the State
of New Jersey, Are the people Of
this State ready to give full legal
sanction to the repetition upon In
Vulnerable rf..ot.ms of such atrocities
as these, or worse? To those Of your
readers who are not prepared to go
to this length, / suggest that they at
once write to the governor, referring
to Senate bill No 10S, and urging him
to use his veto.
Yours very truly,
SIDNEY RICHMOND TABHR.
Princeton, 9Th April 1915.
IGovernor Fielder has signed the
bill. It II now Iaw.-Ed.1
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-04-08
HEALTH AND HAPPINESS
BY DIR. LEONARD KEENE HIRsHBERG
A B., M. A., NJ D. John Hopkins).

Swimming Best Exercise to Correct the
.Bad Boy
The bubbling, bouncing humor of
boyish efferyescence, the wanton,
wild scapegraces from six to six
teen-better 1t would be to sixty
laugh, dance, bicker, slap; slam and
bang all the dignity and selemnity
from life. Happily enough, they will
not be serious. Glory be! youth is un-
awed by anything.
Most of the trouble In this world
Is the outcome of the fact that half
of the inhabitants are children and
the other half are adults. One Is
always aggressive, mobile, reaching
out and adaptable; the other is
sedate, settled, precipitated into a
non movable, material rut, isolated
and contracted, shrivelled and
shrunken from the romance and
elasticities of animal spirits.
br. e. B. Koch, critic teacher ed
physical education at the Chicago
Normal College, says there is one
stumbling block to pedagogues-the
youthful animal spirit. We're 1t not
for this, teachers HE instead OF
baneful would be bed OF roses. I
should put the matter otherwise. that
is-if 1t were not for the stupid
eeotism, self-centred representative
ness and ghoulish solemnity OF peda-
gogues, boys would have their animal
spirits directed into outlets and chan
nels most useful and pleasant.
IDEAL Swimming Pool.
DR.. Koch, however, unlike the
teachers in most schools, has inaugu-
rated an efficient safety valve and
line of least resistance for boys ana
girls in elementary schools. The boy
who comes into @ sehoolroom full
tilt, who bangs desk tops, slams lock-
er doors, throws paper balls at his
neighbors, is not considered a GRIM
inal to be suppressed, but a misdi-
rected machine full of Niagara Fails
energy to be utilized for the boys
and the worlds future.
To swim or not to swim is no more
a question nowadays than to know
how to be a soldier is in Europe II
is settled with a certainty that all
bows and girls should be taught to
swim from their sixth year onward.
The boys greatest ambition; that
is. to start something" to raise Bed
lam. or to hit another boy Is done
away with If the swimming pool, Its
lockers its window lodges and Its
necessities are so built as to keep the
boy from throwing and banging loose
objects or reaching from his own
locker into that of another.
The Crawl Stroke.
Boys should not have swimming
suits in the school pool. They are
useless expenditures, they fade. are
outgrown, and never dry out In damp
weather. Children must keep in the
shallow part of the water with wings
until able to swim without them.
Their energies will sooner be spent
in swimming than in almost any other
way.
The boy of eight and over works on
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-04-08
INTERNED FOR THE WAR.

BY the internment of the German commerce de-
stroyer Eitel made necessary by international law
the career of this remarkable vessel far the
present is concerned is ended. The presence of
a number of British and French warships off the
Virginia capes made attempt to escape to sea
foolhardy II made during the recent storm.
The act forced upon the Etels commander in
wolves loss for Germany in far operations in
distant concerned. The Eitel Is only a con-
verted merchantmen, not naval vessel and there
fore in naval her internment does not in any
way affect Germany's strength on the water. The
swift steamers at Hoboken If equipped and manned
like the Eitel would have the rank and would be
much formidable to the commerce of the allies.
If Germany could put into requsition all her
splendid fleets Of greyhounds lying idle in har-
bors the the would have a different
aspect England would have to deplete her home
feet to send cruisers to hunt these swift ships which
would make havoc among the commerce of the allies
and perhaps cut off transatlantic trade for British
and French merchantmen
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-04-08
UPLIFT TALKS.
OVERCOMING OBSTACLES
By oRIsoN SWEET MARDEN.
Author OF Pushing to the 'front.' Etc.
Copyright. 1915

Moody, the great evangelist, once
offered prize for the best thought
expressed In a few words, and this
took the prize. Men grunnble because
God puts thorns with roses. Wouldn't
1t be better to thank God that he
puts rases with thornsY"
1t Is the difficult thing In life that
develops our mental and moral
muscle, that build up courage and
stamina. The character of people IN
tropical countries where food pracu-
cally grows on trees ready to eat, and
where there is little or no housing
or clothing problem, are indolent,
sltpshod and slovenly. They are
brutal in their passions. They know
little either Of self-mastery or mas
terry of conditions, adaptation to-
severe climate, or the conquest OF a
hard and stubborn soil. Consequently
these people have contributed nothing
to civilization. The things which
make life worth living, the achieve
ments. the inventions and dlscov-
cries, the noble deeds, the advance
ment OF industry, science and art
have been contributed by men who
have struggled with hard conditions
Of nature. who have fought with and
conquered obstacles, who have lived
in the temperate zone, who have ex-
perienced the rigors of cold and the
enervation of heat.
1t is doubtful whether any territory
In the world ever generated more
noble qualities, more sterling charac-
ter, more civilizing forces than has
the stubborn, hard soil and severe, in
hospitable climate of New England.
1t wHs the surmounting of obstacles
strewn In the path of these sons Of
New England which early bred forth
tude, persistence and those allied
traits which lead to pre-eminence and
success.
The man who waits for favorable
conditions and favorable circum-
stances will never get anywhere in
this world. Conditions will never be
such that success In any field will be
a walkover. 1t is the man who wins
in spite of circumstances, in spite OF
adverse conditions, the man who wins
when other people say he cannot, the
man who does the impossible, the
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-04-08
WHAT "oPTIONAL" MEANS.

Optional" medical inspection for country schools
may be interpreted inspection. That is the
object of the local option bill to medical inspection
introduced by rural county representative in the
Senate and passed by the Senate. This bill shames
its introducer and the people who inspired it. The bill
would shame the State If 1t should become law
Every legislative step taken to improve the school
conditions in the rural sections of New Jersey is an
tagonzed in the same narrow and parsmonous spirit
Some ago the legislature passed law providing
that the school district and not the pupil should pay
for text books used in the schools The bill the leg
slature fought against unavailingy, and at sew
eral sessions thereafter efforts made have the
law repealed. In the cities and suburbs the law was
welcomed
No less has the granger sentiment been opposed to
sanitation and decenty constructed schoolhouses
And the money cost is the sole motive of this antag
onism to wise and necessary laws for the uplit OF
rural communities. 1t has been the lack of decent
conveniences for public education that has impelied
the and daughters of farmers to abandon ths
country for the city
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-04-08

greatest consumer of tin. In 1914 1t
used 116,000,0 900 pounds, with an irn-
port value of over $4,000, 900. All Of
this was imported, about SIS per cent.
coming from the United Kingdom, 80
per cent. from the Straits and the
balance from the Netherlands and
Germany. Yet all of this was not
mined in those countries, for they
import concentrated ore from other
parts of the world, pay for 1t in trade.
smeit It and sell 1t to the United
States with commission added.
Bolivia Is one of the largest pro-
ducers of tin. For lack of fuel the
ore is not smelted there, but Is con-
centrated to about 65 per cent. and
shipped to enterprising countries like
England and Germany to smelt. The
United States uses twice as much tin
as Bolivia produces, yet not a pound
comes directly from that country
Neither does very much Of any of its
products. Turn about Is fair play
Yet the United States buys of Bolivia
one-tenth what Bolivia buys OF tho
United States. And still we wonder
why we do not get more trade from
South America.
Some Of the in-produeing countries
place an export duty on tin ores ir
order to keep the smelling business
at home. Bolivia has no such tax
It could furnish this country half ths
tin II needs, and would naturally i'm.
port from here a corresponding
volume Of goods The Panama
Canal has cut OFF two-thfrds the dis.
tance by way of the Straits of Ma.
gellan. The consumption Of tin ir
the United States has increased 81
per cent. since 1900.
1t would seem, therefore, that Il
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-04-08
NEW NEWS OF YESTERDAY
The Authors of the National Banking System

once asked John Sherman, at the
Senate after his service as secretary
of the treasury In President Hayes
Cabinet, who was the real author OF
the law which authorized the issuipe
Of sreenbacks with the legal-tender
quality in them which forced them
into circulation and also Of the ma
tional currency act which 10 COM
monty known as the act establishing
the national banking system of the
United States, In Lincoln's admins
tration.
mo one man was the author Of this
Legislation, although Mr.. Spauldine
who represented one Of the Buffalo
districts in Congress-, Ia called the
father OF the national banking law
MIR. Sherman replied.
The Senator seemed to think that
should be content with statement
that no one man was the author o1
these laws. At the time Congress
was sitting In extraordinary session
having been summoned by President
Cleveland, in the summer of 1893, fol
the purpose of repeating the so-called
Sherman silver law, I happened tt
say to the late Frederick d. Tappan
who at that time was president OF
the National Bank Of New York and
also chairman of the Clearing House
Association, that had heard thai
Senator Sherman sometimes said that
his name was not properly associated
with that law.
That's exactly what happened witt
Mr.. Spaulding. of Buffalo," Mr.. Tap
pan replied. ''You know, of course
| that he has been called the father
of our national banking act and Of
our legal-tender or greenback law
| But he was not nor was any one mar
| the author of these laws. Why. Or
lando B. Potter. who afterward repre-
sented a district of New York II
Congress, went to Washington with 9
well worked-out plan for nationa
banking system which in many re
spects was similar to the plan which
was afterward aecepted Mr.. Spauld
ing, also, had very valuable Idea.
respecting the organization of th'
naticnsi banking system. but salmol
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-04-08

man who rides over obstacles that
gets on this world. And whyf Be-
cause the very struggle to overcome
the obstacles In this way develops
the power that carries him step by
step to his goal.
The degree In which a man sees
insurmountable obstacles and impos-
sihle situations In hia path will meas
ure his success ability. To some peo-
pie the way ahead OF them is so fJii
of obstacles, so full of difficulties and
impossible situations that they never
get anywhere. while another man
feels 30 much bigger than the things
which try to hinder hssA so much
stronger than the obstac.. which try
to down him. the STUN bling blocks
which try to trip him, that he does
not even notice them.
The habit OF being a quitter before
the battle begins Is fatal to all dis
ttnctiveness. 1t is the death blow to
the development of originality and
strength of character, and without
these no man can be a leader. He
must remain a trailer always; he
must follow some one else's lead.
If you are trying to get a start in
the world, but don't feel able to re-
move the many barriers that block
your way, don't get discouraged. The
obstacles that look so formidable at
a distance will grow smaller and
smaller as you approach. Have eour-
age and confidence in yourself and
the road will clear before you as you
advance. Read the life stories OF mon
who from the start have cleared
their pathway of obstruction which
makes yours look puny. Magnify
your faith in yourself and you will
minimize the obstacles In your way.
Look at the remarkable things
ahead of you, the things you are
ambitious to win through the big
end of telescope. and WREN looking
at your obstructions turn the lent
of the telescope and they will not
only look pretty small, but long
way off. Magnify your possibilities
minimize your difficulties, let your
staff be courage and your guide self
confidence, and you will reach youi
goal no matter what obstacles bar the
way.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-04-08

r. Chase. who was then secretary OF
the treasury, had also worked out q
plan OF this kind. The fact was that
the emergency which existed at the
time influenced q number Of able men
to study the situation and then to
suggest plans or systems by which
the emergency could be relieved
What Mr.. Spaulding did was pre-
ciseiy what John Sherman did In con-
nectiou with both of these laws which
bear his name. Spaulding was re-
quested by Secretary Chase to prepare
measure bearing out the plans
which the secretary had formulated.
He did this, being abundant1y quali-
fed to do It, and that was the reason
why he was called the father OF the
national banking system. He wrote
the bill which was afterward enacted
as a law by Congress.
by the way, have been told that
President Lincoln became very fond
of Mr.. Spauidfng and called him fro.
, quent1y in consultation. Lincoln con.
fessed that he himself had no head
for finance ana that he was COM
PEELED to rely upon others who did
understand the subject. He was per-
suaded that no man ever understood
the subject better than did Mr.,
| Spaulding nd he seriously contem-
plated calling Mr.. Spauiding to his
cabinet as the successor OF Chase,
who had resigned as secretary Of the
treasury. Lincoln was an old
fashioned politician in some respects
and he was persuaded that 1t was
not politically advisable to have sew
eral men from the same State In his
cabinet, and as Seward, a New York
man was secretary Of state, tho
President for that reason decided to
appoint Senator Fessenden. Of Maine,
| as Chase's successor"
| Copyright, 1915, by e. ]. Edwards.
All rights reserved)
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-04-08

To the Editor Of the Evening Star:
Sir-The bill that seeks to amend
the law against cruelty to animals so
as to make it inapplicable to those
who conduct scientific experiments,
no matter how painful or how useless
they may be, has now passed the
legislature and only awaits the sigma
ture of the governor to become Jaw.
~ th,s biil is signed, the Board of
Health will have absolute power to
authorize" the conduct of expert
ments by any Of the institutions men
toned. Suppose richly-endoweo
and respected institute Tor
medical research makes &pphcatlon
for such authority.
It will be granted unconditionaily-
since the bill gives no power 10 tne
hoard to exact conditions. The result
in effect will be to give complete
license to the staff and students OF
that institute to conduct experiments
that may range from those wnicn are
practically painless to those invoiVlhs
distress, exhaustion, starVatioI, Jan
ing, burning, suffocation. po,sonlns,
mutilation and long-protracted agony
and death. .,,o.
II must be borne In mind that such
experimentation will be conducted IN
the secrecy of the laboratory; tnefe
will be no restrictions whatever I'm
nosed. nor even any reports exaoted;
each experimenter will be account
abie not to the governor OF the state
Or the public, but only to his own fh-
stttution or to his conscience
Why should any class OF citIzene pe
given free rein with fesRaet 10 wna'
| DR.. G. L. Wilson, member OF ths
| Royal Commission OF ViVisectlon
| called "the cruelties and horrors
which are perpetfated on anima
ufeY' Is there any good reason Lo'
putting the psychologists heyond ln'
reach Of the law?
Instead of making experimenters
law. unto themselves, there is the pes
| of reasons for holding them to a spe'
| cial accountability. The law ough
| rather 10 be amended so as to IMPOSE
| defnite, though reasonable restr.c
| tions, "The ground for pubic super
| vision" said DR.. H, J. Bigeiow, lat'
| of Harvard University, ana tnen tn'
| leading surgeon in New Engiano' =
| that yivisection. immeasurapiy De
| ,srvd any other pursuit, involves TN
| infiiction of torture to little or no pur
And DIR. Bige1ow explained that tn
| word "torture" was "intenuonail.
used to convey the idea of sever
| pain and sometimes the seyerest con con
ceiyable pain, of indefinite duration
often terminating, fortunately for IN
animal, with its life, but as oftel
onlv after hours or days of refined IN
fiicffon, constinuousay OF at inter
walls" "a A.
leading medical writer's of Americ
and a strong advocate of vivisectiof
has spoken Of 1.-The slckening' goadin
sense OF shame that follows IN
knowledge that in the name OF scienc
man could from height of twenty
ave feet drop 1875 dogs upon the nate
fthe spine forming a perpendieula
| line to this point. and for frem tort
to 100 days observe the results unit
slow death ended the animals mis-
cry. While we have. such things
| answer for, our withers are surel
not unwrung, and in the interest
science, II not from other motive
d
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-04-08

English and German smelters find it
profitable to smelt Bolivian ores, trade
expansion with Latin America might
be furthered by taking every pound
Of ore Bolivia produces and smelling
1t here. The market would take It
and ask for as much more, and soon
we would hear the Bolivians calling
for more goods from the United
States.
Took Battle Plan from a Poem.
From the London Chronicle.
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle is not the
first Engilsh author whose writings
have been studied for hostile ends by
our country's enemies. Napolean as
sured Sir Colin Campbell at Elba that
he greatly admired Paradise LOST
and had read it to some extent. The
plan OF Austerlitz was borrowed from
Book vi, of that work. where Satan
brings his artillery to bear upon
Michael and his angelic host with
such direful effect:
Training his dewilish enginery, i'm
paled
On every side with shadowy squad
rons deep,
To hide the fraud.
This mode of warfare appeared to
Napoleon 30 likely to succeed, IL ap-
piled to actual use. that he deter
mined upon Its adoption, and sue
ceeded beyond his expectations. BY
reference to the details of the battle
of Austeriitz 1t will be found to as
simulate so completely with Milton's
imaginary fights as to bear out the
emperor's assertions.