St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1915-01-16
x: .7sEf. Value OF WOOD.

The fuel value OF two pounds O.
wood is roughly equivalent to that )
one pound Of coal. This Is given a.
the result Of certain calculations now
being made in the forest service lab
tratorY, which show also about how
many cords Of certain kinds OF wood
are required to obtain an amount OF
heat equal to that in . ton Of coal.
Certain kinds Of wood, such -
hickory. oak. beech. birch. hard
maple, ash, elm. locust. lonsleaf
pine, and cherry. have fairly high
heat values. and only one cord fof
seasoned wood Of these species - re-
quired to equal one toA Of good coax
It takes . cord and half Of short
leaf pine, hemlock. red gum. Doug
las FIR; sycamore. and soft maple to
equal ! ton o. coal. and two cords
Of cedar, redwood. poplar. eatalpa.
Norway pine, cypress. Eastwood.
spruce, and white pine.
Equal weights Of dry, nonreeinous
woods, however, are said to have
practically the same heat value r.
gardless Of species, and - eonse-
quence it can no stated - . general
proposition that the heavier the
wood the more heat 10 the cord.
Weight for weight. however. there
is very little difference between Va
Fious species; the average heat for
all that have been calculated is
4 800 calories, or heat units. per Kill
ogram.s A kilogram Of resin will de-
velop 9,400 heat units. or shout
twice the average for wood. A. =
resinous woods have Z
greater heat value per pound than
woods, and this increas-
ed value varies, of course, with the
resin content.
The available heat value Of cord
of wood dep nds on many dinerene
factors. It has q relation not only
to the amount Of resin It contains.
but to the amount Of moisture pres
ent. Furthermore. cords vary 40 to
the amount Of solid wood they con-
tain, even when they are Of the
standard dimension and occupy t7S
cubic feet of space. A certain pro-
portion Of this space 10 made up Of
air spaces between the sticks. and
this space may be considerable In q
cord made Of twisted. crooked. ard
knotty sticks Out Of the 119 cubic
feet a fair average Of solid wood IL
about 80 cubic feet.
It is pointed out. however. that
heat value is not the only test Of use
fulness Of fuel wood, and since IS
per cent of all wood used for fuel
is consumed for domestic purposes.
largely in farm houses. such factors
as rapiditiy Of burning and case Of
lighting are important. Each sec
ton of the country has its favored
and these are said to DO. In
general, the right ones to use. Htck-
DRY, of the snonresinous woods. has
the highest value per unit volume Of
wood. and has other advantages. IT
burns evenly. and, - housewives say.
holds the heat. The oaks come next,
followed by beech, birch. and maple.
Pine has relatively low heat value
per unit volume, but has other ad-
vantages. 1t ignites readily and
gives out q quick hot hamo. but one
that soon dies down. This makes It
4 favorite with rural house kespsrs
rs summer wood. because 1t u par
ticularly adapted for hot days In the
The fuel qualities OF chestnut
adapt it particularly to work In brass
where 1t gives just the
required amount Of heat, and It IL
therefore in favor. Coastwise ves-
sells In Florida pay twice 40 much
FOR Florida buttonwood a. tor any
other, because 1t burns with an even
heat and with, minimum amount
IF smoke and ash.
The principal disadvantage Of the
resinous pines IL their oily black
smoke.