Norwich bulletin., 1915-05-03
THE WAR PRIMER By National Geographic Society

Triest is the only great seaport of Austria, powerful commercial rival of Venice and Genoa, the pride of Aus tria's Adriatic possessions and a city as important to Austrian development as is New York in the development of the United States. It has been an Austrian possession for more than 500 years. and during this long associa- ton it has earned the title from the central Imperial government of the most faithful city.
 Situated at the northeast angle of the Adriatic Sea, on the eastern shore of the deeply indented Gulf of Triest, the port has been growing steadily in importance as an outlet for the over sea trade of Central and Southeastern Europe. As a trade center, it has long eclipsed its ancient rival Venice, and it now practically monopol1zes the business of this Mediterranean coast. Despite it's lack of a natural harbor, the geographical location of the city is so favorable and it's enter prise has been so fruitful, that it has developed into one of the first ports upon all the inland sea.
 Priest is a tremendously successful business town, and, therefore, largely a modern one. Its harbor facilities are pthe best that modern technique can devise. and many millions of dollars have been expended in carrying their undertaking to conclusion. In 1910, nearly 12,000 vessels, representing a total of about 100000 tonnage, en- tered and cleared at the Triest har- Dor. The value of the imports which these ships brought was about S117,- 100000, while they carried exports amounting in value to about $102,- 100000. The chief imports are coffee, and Levantine fruits. Chief among the exports are sugar, beer wool, tim Der and many varieties of manufac- tured goods. It is worth while con- sidering, in view of the present inter national crisis into which Triest en- of the Tauern Railway in 1909 has accomplished much in diverting a great part of the German Mediter- ranean trade from Genoa to Triest.
 Together with a surrounding area of about 36 square miles, the city of Triest forms an Austrian crownland. The municipal council of the city con stituteS at the same time the Diet of the crownland, which Is little more than a mountainous shell around the immensely wealthy, life crowded port. The population numbers 229, JAYS, of whom. about 10000 are of Italian des- cent, 43,000 S1ovenes, and 11,0O0 Ger mans. Triest sends five members to the Reichsrat, and it is the home of the administrative offices for the Aus
 
 of the crownlands of Triest, Goerz, GradiSca, and Istria-
 Vienna is 367 miles northeast by rail. Connections with southeast Germany and with Austrian and Hun garian centerS have been much i'm proved during recent years. The old town is a series of steps upon the hill sides, while the new town lies on fiat area that extends around the bay in crescent form. The new part of the Ask I 1N 1-.- . reclaimed from the sea; it's streets are broad and straight and its buildings are substantial and modern in archi- lecture. The old town, on the other hand, consists of narrow, irregular, hill-scaling streets, and it's buildings preserve many quaint architectural conceptions.
 Tergeste, Triest, the Roman coloni- ration of this coastland, was probably established under the reign of Vespa- sian. After the decay of Rome, Trieest experienced a checkered course for centuries. It was captured by Venice in 1908. Its people struggled with the Venetian conquerors for the next 180 years, and finally, in 1882, they placed themselves under the protection of Leopold III. of Austria. Since that time Triest has remained Austrian, and, during the Hungarian and Italian revolts, Triest remained faithful, re- ceiving the title from Vienna of 'Citta Fedelissima'
 High Tatra Mountains-A descrip- ton of the High Tatra Mountains, within whose shadows the titantic struggle between the Teutons and the Slavs for control of Hungary is being waged has been prepared by the Ma tional Geographic Society as follows:
 Strongest of all the natural bar riers that are opposed to the Russian advance upon their German and Hun garian enemies are the massive, cres- cent shaped Hohe Tatra Mountains, the central and the highest group of all the Carpathian system. These mountains, forming a gigantic wall of more than 40 miles in length and be- tween g and 15 miles In width, lie al- most due south of Cracow and about due north of Budapest. The passes where the Russians have been forcing