The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1915-06-30
Kholm while Brousiloff moved or

/ hurried up to face Brousiloff and the
army before Kholm turned to face
Rouski at Rawa Ruska. Plevt
promptly entered the hole left va
cant and took the army of Genera
| Auffenberg in the rear, while Brou
siloff attacked at Grodok. The Aus
trian army at Grodok retreated ovel
the Carpathians, that at Lublin re
tired on Cracow. Auffenberg, W1tf
most of his army, caught between
Brousiloff and Pleve, fell into the
hands of the Russians. The fortres:
of Przemysl was invested for the frs
time.
In the meantime General Rennen
kampff, oblivious OF Samsonoff's de
feat, had advanced beyond konigs
berg. Upon him Hindenbers turned
the victorious army Of Tannenberg
and, passing four corps through the
Masurian lakes region, endeayored tc
pin Rennenkampff against the Baltic
Sea.
Rennenkampff was quick in retreat
as in advance. Perhaps the German
soldiers were exhausted after thel1
forced marches through Belgium and
their battle 1t Tannenberg. At al
events Rennenkampff was able tc
establish a flank guard and retreat
safely to Suwalki, leaving only a por.
ton of the artillery of the terrific.
rial divisions in the hands Of the
enemy.
Thus came to an end the first in.
yasicn of East Prussia. Judged by
itself, it was complete repulse and
considerable catastrophe; judged
by the standards Of other wars the
defeat Of Tannenberg is one OF the
most severe in history, but judged as
fragment of the strategy Of this
great war it assumes different as
pect-
How much Won Kluck before Paris
yearned for the six corps d'armee
with which Hindenberg won his Mar
shaPs baton before :-Allenstein, as he
saw the French reserves debouch
from Paris and take in flank the
army with which he had planned to
force the French back upon the
mountain barrier of Switzerland!
Well may it be said that the defeat
of Tannenberg was the father Of the
victory of the Marne.
1t will be remembered that the
first phase Of the war on the eastern
front consisted in the repulse Of the
Austrian offensive and the division
into East Prussia. The second phase
concerned the moves growing out OF
the Russian offensive toward Cracow.
In September as again later the
Russians did not attempt to attack
Przemysl at an enormous cost OF men
and ammunition, but surrounding 1t
with an army inferior to the garri-
son, moved on the offensive.
Rennenkampff still at Suwalki and
the northern fortress garrisoned, the
field army advanced to a line from
Dukia Pass to Tarnow, while Los
sack cavalry raided Hungary.
|. Hindenberg left four corps in front
of Rennenkampff, and by the use of
the wonderful German strategic rail-
ways came with six corps to Silesla,
on the Russian flank. The Russians
immediatIy withdrew the three arm
les nearest Tarnow to the line from
Lublin to Warsaw. Hindenberg ar
irving before the Austrians directed
three army corps on Warsaw and
three upon Ivangorod.
Then followed one Of the most san
culinary conflicts Of the war for the
possession of the capital Of Poland.
1t seemed to the inhabitants Of the
town that Warsaw must fall, but the
Siberian corps arrived in the nick of
time and after them the Imperial
Guard. A member Of the Guard S
Corps, pride shining in his eyes, told
me how two regiments Of the guard,
totaling 5000 men, arrived as the
Siberian corps were reeling back be-
fore the Germans onslaught and with
the flags flying and band playing
marched into the thickest of the at
tack. After the battles only hun
dreds remained where thousands mad
been, but the tide was turned. Rus
sian reinforcements continued to op-
pose the three corps Of Hlndenberg.
The Field Marshal now attempted
a desperate manoeuvre. He retreat
ed to the Rawka river, drawing the
Russians after him. Then taking the
three army corps before lvangorod
he hurried them on the pursuing Rus-
slams flank. If the Austrians had
come in time to occupy the trenches
deserted by the Germans this man
oeuvre might have succeeded, but the
Austrians came late.
Again the Russians poured through
the opening of the line and unexpect-
edly found themselves face to face
with the advancing Austrians. Both
parties were taken by surprise, the
Russians thinking that only the re-
treating Germans were before them'
the Austrians believing that the Ger
mans still occupied the trenches
along the Vistula-
A confused hand-to-hand battle re-
suited in which the superior strength
and activity of the Russian soidlers
gave them an immense advantage
The Austrians were driven headlong
at the same time the German flank
movement was stopped and linden
bers's left army corps was driven IN.
Hindenberg withdrew to a line pc
tween Cracow and Kalisch, and the
Austrians went back over the noun
tains Przemysl, which had been re-
lieved in the advance, was now rein
vested.
In the meantime on the western
front had been fought the battle OF
the Aisne, the English army mao
been transferred to the extreme left
flank in a. unsuccessful attempt 10
turn the German right, Antwerp had
fallen, and the Kaiser with his In
periaI Guard was hammering harder
and harder at the gates Of Dunkirk
and Calais. England found dlflculty
in keeping her expeditionary force
up to it's original number. 'hitchen.
er's army was only in the form OF
preliminary enlistment. Every equip
ped man in France was on the nrlng
line. A..
Again in October, as early In au-
gust the Russian army attacked not
for local advantage, but to rescue
the Allies on the other front. Wlth
Generals Brousiloff and Dimitrlen IN
Galicia and the eleventh army oe-
sieging Przemysl. the Russian oe,
4