davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The chronicle=news., 1915-01-07

BY r. G. F.. in Philadelphia Ledger.
Many people are dissatisfied with
the calendar. They propose to take
II back and change ii. They would
have to 20 back to an act OF the
British parliament in l15l-that is,
Notwithstanding folk would-and
then still farther into the recesscs of
time. 1t was that statute which la
ter led American schoolboys into
doubt as to whether George WASH
ington was born on February % or
February II. Eleven days were lost
Between Julius Caesar and George
Washington. but that hardly seems
appalling enough, after all, to JUS
tify so many preachments on the
subject of lost time, does it? The
way things are arranged now ii will
he 250O years or more before we lose
another day.
The scientist, however, is never
satisfied with anything less than ac-
curacy, and he wants perfect cal
endar. He has taken his ideas of
reform into the legislatures of sew
cral nations. but nothing has hap
nencd yet. Reform is sure to get
into trouRlc. anyway, when it gets
into politics. But truth, crushed to
earth, shall rise again, and maybe
the dream of the scientia will come
true. The first day of every month
will >ill on the first day of the
week. and so forth. The printed cal
ohdar which comes from the insur-
ance company or the grocery store
will be just as good one year as an
other. and the months will be all
alike. Probably more durable
form will be invented, so that it will
last a lifetime. he moved from house
10 house with the rest of the furni-
ture and be handed down to future
generations as an heirloom. Time.
wi,ll~such calendar, would seem so
fhshty.
The calendar as an institution
- has passed through so many vicis-
situdes that it really deserves rest
from meddlinG: after one last at
tempt has been made to set it right
forever. II originated away back in
the earliest ages. At first ii was
merely n record of events in the life
of an individual or the history of II
tribe, and consisted of curious in
scriptions on trees. or pieces of bark.
or OF II succession OF notches and
symbols on wands or canes. But
after a while ii became n method or
reckoning future as well as past time.
Two changes of the moon furnish
cd the obvious method and the on"
which was most universally adopted
among primitive peoples. The rea-
son is said to have been that the old
agriculturalists had 4 special inter
cst in the moon, which presided over
the fate of the crops and furnished
enough lunar superstition to last
even unto the present. Months OF ;"
and 30 days were instituted. Then
it was discovered that the seasons
furnished a more serviceahlc mode Of
division, and years came into oNis'
ence. Civil years, Of course, no
truly solar.
The moon. the first love Of the cal
The chronicle=news., 1915-01-07
THREE BROTHERS HELD
FOR MONEY THEFT

Three brothers, Antonio, Carpio
and Severio Martinez. will be ar
raigned in the court of Justice of the
Peace Bowers this afternoon. charged
with the theft of $1,000. the proper
Is of Dominick Rago, the complain
ant.
The complaint states that the theft
was made on January . at Grey Creek
mine, from which place the three
brothers were brought yesterday nf
tcrnCon by Constable Amador.
The chronicle=news., 1915-01-07
(ISs lsrs.. SsIs 4 Asz 1lsAehs = - Weld
SsA EvsrywbsN. u bszs. lss.. X.

nificent costumes. The mere title
of Bringing uo Father" and what
you know of it through the columns
of tn" daily newspapers, is in itself
enough TO suggest hilarious comedy
situations. In the hands of this vet
cran producer. whose lifc's work has
been to please the public, you can
accept it for granted that no oppor-
tunity is lost, in fact the production
If Bringing Up Father" is to be the
crowning effort of Mr.. Hills long
career.
1t will be at the West Opera House
Sunday night
The chronicle=news., 1915-01-07
Keeping the Calendar
True To The Sun

cndar makers, Jared badly. 1t was
supplanted by the sun. The months
were retained as subdivisions of
years. but when it was observed how
the solar year and the 10 lunar
months failed to coincide. and how
the first day of the year kept sliding
along into the wrong season. the an
cient scientists decided to regulate
the calendar by the sun. and it was
so, Thus the moon was left out of
consideration and the month became
only an arbitrary affair. The jilting
so lar as concerns the history OF
our own calendar. which traces its
ancestry back through that of the
Romans-was completed in the first
century Il. c. by Caius Julius Caesar
and a Greek astronomer whom he i'm
ported from Alexandria,, Sosigenes.
by name, And the ancicnts did have
n hard time trying to get the calen-
dar fixed mp. supplementary days at
the end of the year and the occa-
sional Introduction of in,ercalary
months We're the favorite means Of
accommodating the calendar to the
sun. which wouldn't accommodate it
self to the calendar.
Romuils. the builder OF Rome. di-
is, if history can place any reliance
on tradition. There We're 3Oi days
under his arrangement, and what
became of the rest of them neither
history nor tradition sayeth. a little
later the Romans had II months.
with an occasional intercalary
month. This was a lunar year OF ::55
days. II was Muma Pompilius my
thic history acain-who added the
two extra months. January and Feb
ruary. March had previously start
cd the calendar. and was now dis
placed by January. February. tax
ing last place. February was res
cued from this ignominy, when. 800
years later. the decemvirs moved II
up to second position. But poor
February Some worse troubles
of - and 20 days alternate. making
35l days in the year, a day being
added presently to make the number
odd for good luck. This civil year
differed from he solar year hr Il"
DAYS and fraction. and an inter-
calary month was therefore inserted
every second year between !i'e sd
and 24th If February. Even that
SUI: eical operation left the calendar
olt OF joint
So when Caesar took up the i'm
peria reins he found the calendar
in a mess The winter months were
coming in autumn, and autumn was
summer. Something had to be done
and Caesar did 1t. He abolished the
moon and decided to 90 entirely by
the sun. Sic transit gloria lunae. He
also abolished the intercalary month.
, which after serving for long ages as
Il great conveniences was at least de-
clared public nuisance.
In making up the table of months
he callated as follows:
Thirty days hath April,
June. August, October and December
All The rest have thirty-one,
Excepting February alone,
Which hath but twenty-nine in fine,
, Till every fourth year tthey didn't
call it leapyear mem gives thirty
That was Caesars imperious way.
But August didn't like it. His van
The chronicle=news., 1915-01-07

Heartburn, Indigestion or distress
of the stomach is instantly relieved
by HERBINE. II forces the badly
digested food out of the body and
restores tone in the stomach and
bowels. Sold by The Hausman Drug
Co. .
The chronicle=news., 1915-01-07

1t Has Had a Vigorous, Romantic
and Sometimes Amusing History;
Twisted All Out of Shape Many
Times and Never Entirely
Strengthened Out.
The chronicle=news., 1915-01-07

ROOM FOR RENT-If you
have room for rent let the man
who wants to rent room know
about it. Try a C-N Want Ad.
Arizona republican., 1915-03-28

Our Shoe Business has grown large that find it advanag shoppers carry complete stock of kind of the Shoe foot We buy from the big exclusive Los Angeles firm, LOS ANGELES SADLERY and FINDING CO., whose the Our department of Shoe Findings gives you complete stock to furnish just the item you need
Arizona republican., 1915-03-28
Polishes-Arch Supports

SHOE LACES- SILK OXFORD LACES in coors, RUBBER HEELS, HEEL PLATES, WHITTEMORES SHOE POLISH for any color leather
 We carry the famous Dr. w Scho m spring arch support for falling arches It gives steady upward spring pressure to the broken arch and gradually effects
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-01-23
SMALL EMPLOYERS NOT
Z UNDER CuNNECTIcuTLAJe

NEW HAVEN, Conn, Jan. 22.-The.
Superior. court of this city has ruled
that the state workmen's compensation
act does not apply to employers OF,
fewer than five persons.
In answer to the claim that many
employers and employees have submit
ted to the jurisdiction Of the act who
are without it's terms if this conc1u-I
sion is correct, and that pup1ic policy
should influence a court to accord the
act q construction which would con-
firm a status they have elected to as
sumo, even though such a constructions
may not accord with the courts con-.
victions, Judge Case said:
'The argument can have no weight
with a court squarly confronted with
the question at issue here, even If the
fact upon which it proceeds is true
The jurisdiction of the statute is fixed
by its terms, and neither the acqui-s
escence, submission, or consent of
parties not originally subject to It's
terms can alter or enlarge it,"
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-01-23

point of law and not a. point of fact.
And that decision grew out of this sit
uation-that the bill authorizing the
appropriation Of $2,000,000 for the
building Of the Lincoln memorial, and
the actual appropriation Of $4,000
of that amount to begin the work,
was made II months before the new
eight-hour. bill went into effect, and
consequently comes: under the pro-
visions of the old eight-hour bill. Tha;
Is the situation 80 far: as it applies
to the Lincoln memorial, and it is an
unfortunate situation for us.
In further carrying out the work
of the department. we have inaugu-
rated a. system "of mediation in trade
disputes. Section g Of the organic
law Of the department provides that
the secretary Of the department may
act as, mediator or he,-mayr appoint
concilators in trade disputes. During
the year and half or a little more,
that the department has been in exis-
tence we have handled scores of trade
disputes, and out of these scores there
have been but three or four in which
we have failed to success; there has
been the Pere Marquette shopmen's
strike, the Calumet miners strike and
the Colorado miners strike.
In those three we have not sue
ceeded in bringing about a satisfac-
tory adjustment Of the difficulty. In
all of the others, some Of them in
volving many more men than were
involved In either OF these three
! strikes, we have succeeded in bring
k e to ne as ae
| thereby prom prom Y ting ~ dustrial peace
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-01-23
DULUTH VOTERS TIE
CITY ] TO. CONTRACT |
6-cent Contract, Initiated ordi-
nance Adopted by Majority
of $50 Votes.
UNIT PLANT ORDINANCE
DEFEATED BY 315 VOTES
No Gloom at M. o. Headquarters;
Advocates More Determined
.: Than Ever to Win.

After one of the most vigorous
campaigns in the history of Duluth
the 6-cent contract which was drafted
by the attorneys of the Duluth .Edi-
son Electric company won over the
citys proposal, the Accent ordinance,
by majority Of $50 votes while the
unit plant ordinance was defeated by
the narrow margin of 270.
The total vote cast for and against
the unit plant ordinance was 1887.
The total vote cast for the Accent and
6-cent ordinance was S,254.
City Bound for Two Years.
The initiated ordinance compels the
city council to tie the city up for two
years with the Duluth Edison Elec-
trio company on basis of cents
per kilowatt hour for commercial
lighting and leaves the company free
to give favors wherever they desire.
It also binds the city not to order
changes in the street lighting system
unless the change shall be made so as
to allow the magnatite lamps, which
are to replace the present arc lamps,
so at time, to be placed on one cir
cult and such change shall not allow
arcs to be more than 1000 feet apart.
M. o. League to Congratulated.
While it was hoped that both the
unit plant and the alternative Accent
ordinance would carry the small mar
gin by which both of them were de-
feated' should be matter Of con-
dolence to the Municipal Ownership
Committee when it is recognized that
a large vote was cast in spite of the
opposition Of the daily press of the
city.
Regardless of the defeat of the unit
plant and 4-cent ordinances there
was no gloom around the municipal
ownership headquarters Wednesday
morning. Each man took the result
stoically and pledged himself to carry
on the fight with an ever greater de-
termination. AS one member Of the
league stated this after all was but
a skirrnfsh:Sin which e6rrup 4 flu,
ences have for the. tfrne being gained
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-01-23

trial peace that is not based upon in-
dustrial justice.
Labor Not a Machine.
And so we have gone on with this
line of work, and, as have said, in
nearly every instance we have been
successful. And those instances
where we have been unsuccessful have!
been principally due to that class OF
employers, extremists, a class becOm-@
ing smaller and smaller as the years
go by, who look upon their employees
as simply a part of the machinery OF
their establishments, to be treated In
exactly the same way as they would
treat other machines, with this dif-s
ference; that the inaminate nachines
in their shop is 80 constructed and So
standardized that they can CALCULATES
with almost mathematical accuracy
what the working strain and what ths3
breaking strain Of the machine issss
and they know that if they crowd thu
machine up to the breaking strain,i
and it does break, it will cost them
something to replace the machine.
Not so with the human being that
is employed by them, and that they
look upon as machine. He Is mot
standardized, a. he Is not uniform IN.
his physical and mental equipments
there has been no method determfne0s
by which you can calculate the break
ing strain Of the working strain o.
q human being. Even the worker
himself does not know what his own
breaking strain IS, and II you croud|
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-01-23
CHICAGO WILL ADOPT .-.>s.
HDAN1sHn I COURT I, /. !. SYSTEM s Isl1.

CHICAGO. Jan. "a court without
lawyers will be established in this city,
according to Chief Justice Harry Olson.
Of the municipal court, who says the
new venture will simplify justice and
reduce the cost of going to. law"
1.-The object Of the new court will be
to- make litigation less expensive"
Judge Olson explained. mo lawyers
will be needed to obtain justice. The
complainant will present his own case
and the defendant will voice his own
defense. Technicalities' will be elimin-
ated from decisions, and much Unjust
ice may be averted. Under the present
system both parties are obliged to
retain lawyers"
The court will 'first consider cases in
which amounts less than $50 are in
volved. Later its scope will be broad
ened when other branches are estab-
1iSho6
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-01-23
Secretary Wilson Before the "A. r. OF
l., Convention.

l.. Convention.
It will be 43 years on the 22nd day
of this month since I became a trade
unionist, under our former great lead
or of the miners movement, John
Siney. In the time that has inter-
vened I have been a member of the
various trade unions as they sue
ceeded each other among the miners
Of the United States, and am today
a. member Of the United Mine Work.
ers of America. During those AZ
years. experience, most of it active
experience in the trade union move
1ment, I have never understood that
the trade union movement stood for
anything else than justice to the wage
workers. 1t has never desired to i'm
pose an injustice upon anybody else;
and II the securing of justice to those
who earn their bread in the sweat
of their face constitutes partisanship,
then count me as partisan of la
Dor.
% Purpose of Labor Department
The new department Of labor, when
instituted, was directed to. utilize it's
energy for the promotion Of the well
fare of wage workers and their oppor-
tunities for profitable employment. In
carrying out the purposes of the de-
partment one of the first steps that
we took was to communicate with the
other departments of the government
asking them to make arrangements
by which the department of labor
would be notified Of every contrac,
! let by them, in order that we might
have available for the use of the pub.
to. trade unionists and non-unionists
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-01-23
BARNEY & BARRY SKATES
FAIR TO UNION LABOR

Union men who enjoy the greatest
of winter sports and the most health
full of exercise will be pleased to
know that the Barney & Barry skates
(roller and ice) is the only skate in
the world, according to the Metal
Polishers' union that is fair to or
ganiZed labor.
This company does not put the
union label on their skates, but it is
a nine-hour shop, employees union la
Dor and pays union wages. In buy
ing skates hereafter it will be we'll to
keep this in mind
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-01-23
METAL POLISHERS STRIKE
IN WOOSTER OHIO PLANT

+ WOOSTER, O.. Jan. 22.-Members of
the Metal Polishers' union, employ ed
by the Buckeye Aluminium company,
this city, are on strike. Strained re-
.lations have existed between the two
parties for some time because of wages
and conditions, and when a committee
appointed to adjust matters was dis
charged, the men struck. The polish
+ ers say their wages are much lower
than those paid in other localities for
the same work, and that the manage
ment agreed, when called upon some
/ time ago, that the demands were rea-
4 sonable.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-01-23

o. courts was that the laborer had no
rights which the employer or his
master was bound to respect, but all
through the ages the struggle has
gone on, and on and on, and men
have died full of faith that is in them,
and full of hope of deliverance some
day from the yoke of judicial usur-
patton. The time has come, on Octo-
Der IS, 1914, when the President of
the United States affixed his sigma
ture to the law that upsets the old
time judicial notions, procedure, de-
cisions and precedents. It upsets the
old-time political economists con-
ception of the human being There
was a time, and not so long ago, it
was declared that labor was a COM
modify to be bought and sold in the
open market. Now the law Of the
United States holds that the labor Of
human being is not a commodity
or an article of commerce, and it is
time that Judge Anderson should
know it and respect that law as we'll
as any other law of our nation
Stands for Neutrality.
Declaring that he would not vio-
late or transgress the neutrality sug-
gestion of the President of the United
States, President Gompers made this
comment on the European war:
'Sufficient it is for us to know that
it is conflict which must, we hope,
when 1t ends, have some compensat-
ing Influence for all the sacrifices of
human life which 1t has and will en-
tail; that the satisfaction may come
to the people of the world that this
blood-letting and this wholesale de-
struction of human life, that out of
it may come at least, that the insti-
tutions of these countries may be
democratized; that they shall make
for political freedom, that they shall
make for a larger understanding of
responsibility to the people and make
for an everlasting peace which shall
recognize as we'll as establish for all
time the brotherhood of man.
A. F. of L. for Peace.
Before leaving that subject, I
ought to say that the convention Of
the American Federation of Labor,
which closed a little more than a
| month ago, declared emphatically it's
position regarding International peace
and war. 1t took cognizance of con-
ditions prevailing, and undertook to
communicate, and did communicate
with the representatives of the Or
ganized labor movement of the whole
world for the purpose Of endeavor-
ing to find a way out that shall re-
cognize international peace as the
basis, founded upon the political; in
dustrial, economic, social and moral
welfare of the people of all the
countries Of the world.''
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-01-23
NOTED UNlUN1ST DEFENDS u.
BURNETT IMMIGRATION BILL
Burnett Immigration Bill Upheld in Strong Address
Onion Labor Man From Illinois in. ..s
House Of Representatives. c5s#s
SCORES VICIOUS CORPORATIONS ~.
THAT PREY ON FOREIGN LABOR
Points Out Different Type Today Whose
Contrasted With Sturdy Alien ga
! of 80 Years Ago SL..#

WASHINGTON, Jan. PA vigor-
GUS defense of the illiteracy test en-
bodied in the Burnett immigration
bill was the feature of an address in
the House Of Representatives by Con-
gresham Buchanan, member of
the house labor group.
The trade unionist questioned the
motives of some. people who are
pleading for ''the poor foreign work.
ing people," but who remain silent
when these same working people,
after coming here, ''are now being
exploited and robbed by the greedy
system"
"A part of that same foreign ele-
ment Of whom they speak is today on
and other places, tying to protect
themselves from those vicious cor
porations and financial pirates who,
through their far-reaching methods
of fraud and deception, have induced
these people to come here, and are
now forcing upon them a yoke of in
dustrial slavery such as never before
has been experienced in this Ameri-
can country.
Protect Home Labor
why is it that men plead with
such apparent sincerity Of purpose
for the poor, ignorant people of the
foreign countries, yet fail to raise
their voices to secure protection for
them in this country from the indus
trial combinations that are exploiting
them and forcing them to work un-
der conditions that are almost un-
bearable -
The speaker declared that the great
industrial combinations opposed this
legislation because they want cheap,
ignorant labor. They want to get
the people that are uneducated, be-
cause they are more easily controlled
and are more helpless under their
process Of exploitation. Years ago
the steel thrust's employees were COM
posed of English-speaking people,
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-01-23

while today over 80 per cent are for-s
elgners. who are used to beat down
existing living conditions
In answer to the charge that our
forefathers were illiterate, and that
for this reason the Burnett bill
should be opposed, the speaker
showed that conditions have changed
by the influx of new types.
Old Immigrant Had Ideals.
"The chief motive of the old im-.
migrant in coming to America" he
said, ''was to escape religious and
political persecution. to- acquire
homes here, and to establish their.
migration in the main represented a
sturdy, intelligent, lofty-minded, and
high-spirited citizen, who would not
submit to>the tyranny of their native.
countries, and therefore fled here and
cast their lives and fortunes with u.s..
They entered almost every line of ac-s
tivity, many of them going on thu
farms, and were quickly assimilated.
New immigration Has None.
THE new immigration, on the
other hand, is actuated by no such
ideals. The bulk of the new immi-
grants nave not sought homes here,
have not assimilated we'll, if at ALL
with our people and institutions, but
the tendency has been to settle in COL
onies in the industrial centers of our
country. The reasons for the new
immigrant coming here are largely.
economic. Being induced by the.
highly oolored pictures of prosperity
in this country, as portrayed by the
agents of the big business interests
at work in all parts of Europe, they.
have sought to take advantage of the
high-priced wage in this. country, to-
make a competence. and then return
to their former homes. The old im-.
migration, as I have said,, soughts
homes in America; the new seek jobs.
the old expected to remain, but the
new expect to return .-, .