davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-26
Greatly Improved Conditions
Shown by Opening of
Communication.
VILLA FORCES RESPECT
RIGHTS OF FOREIGNERS
No Information That Leader Will
Leave Troops-Europe Likely
to Favor Carranza.

Reports from Mexico show greatly
improved conditions there. Trains are
arriving in Juarez daily from Chi
huahua and Parral. railway communi-
cation Is said to be open from Ell Paso
on the Mexican National railway as far
south as the state line of Durango. and
for the first time in year and a half
through Pullman service is in operation
from Laredo to Mexico City.
This information is obtained from
State Department advices. One State
Department dispatch says that refugees
from around Chihuahua report that the
rights of foreigners have been respect
ed by the Villa forces in the section
through which they have passed and
that the Villa soldiers have paid for
such commodities as they have taken
or have traded other goods for them
with the exception of horses. OF the
latter the Villa soldiers have taken
quite a number. promising to return
them.
No Negotiations in Villas Behalf.
Contrary to reports on the Mexican
border. George C. Carothers secret
agent OF the State Department. is no,
conducting any negotiations on behalf
Of the United States for the asylum In
this country Of Gen. Villa in case he
decides to come here, according tc
statements made by Secretary Lansing
The report, Is 1t believed here. hal
its origin in the efforts of several Villa
generals to have Gen. Villa come to the
United States so that terms Of amnesty
may be arranged for his troops. The
Villa generals have frequently pointed
out that the single obstacle to such a
course was a fear on Gen. Villas part
that he would be prosecuted while or
American territory. Ohicials here de.
clare that such fears are ungrounded
and that asylum would be given tc
Gen. Villa, along with the other pc.
litical refugees now in the United
States.
Mr.. Lansing stated, however. that
no information of any character had
reached him that Gen. Villa had de-
cided to leave his troops.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-26

that comparatively 1t is not underas-
|sessed at all: that on the contrary
most other cities are very much un-
compared with Washington. This fact.
lis indicated by the census bulletins
and comments exposing the false pre-
tense Of full valuation in other cities;
by local admissions and independent
investigation. and by the reports OF
state tax commissions; by the figures
of true value, based on typical sales In
twenty American cities. compared with
Washington, secured by the citizens
subcommittee on taxation. and finally
by careful comparison of the census
figures of valuation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-26
Denies Truth Of Story.

While Mr.. Mcfarland was referring
to the estimates prepared by the Dis
trict Commissioners. Senator Salisbury
asked II those were the estimates
which, as he had read in one of the
local newspapers. the District Commits
sioners had appealed to the White
House to save from destruction by
Congress.
Commissioner Brownlow, who was in
the committee room at the time, i'm
mediately rose and said there was not
one word of truth in that story.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-26
Given Fire Protection.

Just what part Of such expenses do
the citizens of the District pay" asked
Mr.. Rainey.
Mr.. Noyes suggested that Mr.. Under
wood had himself specified In his
speech that these buildings were given
fire protection.
But all these buildings are fire.
proof" said Mr.. Rainey.
There is no such thing as a fire.
proof building" was Mr.. Moves reply
But there have been no fire losses
and no fire protection expenses in the
last fifteen years that 1 know Of" said
Mr.. Rainey.
Mr.. Moves said that the FIRE depart
ment was larger here. pevertheless, be-
cause Of the public buildings, which
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-26
Critics Are Answered.

Mr. Noyes." said Representative
Rainey. stories have been circulated
through the country that property in
Washington is not paying its just
taxes. that there are many tax dodgers
here. OF course. such reports make
good newspaper stories and they have
been circulated. But the manner in
which you and Mr.. Mcfarland have
answered all these criticisms and
stories has astounded me. You have
completely nat these criticisms. &C.
cording to your construction of the
statistics you have presented. And this
only adds to my mystifica ton as to why
these criticisms should have been made
in Congress"
Mr.. Rainey then adopted a new line Of
questioning. designed to show what part
OF the upkeep. purchase and other ex-
penses attached to government buildings,
parks and monuments in the District
comes out Of the District funds. He read
from speech made by Mr.. Underwood.
now senator from Alabama. in the House
last session. in which Mr. Underwood
stated that II was not fair to ask the
people of the District to pay all the
burden Of maintaining the public build
.ngs. parks and streets Of the National
Capital
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-26
Facts Are Compared.

Under all six queries Mr.. Noyes
analysed and compared the facts in
respect to the various capitals.
A special comparison was made with
Argentina's relations to Buenos Aires
and with Brazil's relations to Rio de
Janeiro. Argentina and Brazil having
national capitals in federal districts
under provisions In their constitutions
similar to our own, and their examples
being held, on that account, of special
interest.
In final analysis Of the table, Mr.. Moves
separated the capitals Of the world on
broad lines Of division into the following
groups:
"G) Those which are treated by the
same lines as the other cities OF the
nation, except that the municipal tax
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-26
Capitals Are Classified.

SA~ss~D 80 SSeSpA~ASAs
For convenience Of comparison the
capitals Of the world in respect to which
tho committee has reports are classified
In the following groups:
Il. Those Of republics with capitals in
federal districts In varying degrees under
national control. Washington, Buenos
Aires. Rio Janeiro and Mexico.
"2. Those Of republics without distinct
federal districts. Paris and Bern.
3- Those Of the practically self-gov-
erning colonies Of Great Britain Ottawa,
Cape Town, Pretoria. Canberra.
u. Those Of monarchies:
"D OF democratic tendencies. Lon
don. Brussels, Copenhagen. Athens, Rome,
Toxic and Christiania-
"(2) More strongly centralized. Berlin,
Vienna and Budapest"
Washingtons answer to question 6,
Mr.. Noyes said, is: Yes. There Is
in respect to Washington a two
fold special equitable obligation on the
part of the nation: % That arising
from the circumstances of the crea-
ton, planning and upbuilding of the
infant capital and the trusts coupled
with gifts of land to the nation in
part for the capitals development; (2)
the obligation that Is coupled with
and measured by the nations absolute
and exclusive control Of the nations
city. Obligation follows power. This
obligation Is in the case Of Washing
ton extraordinarily great"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-26
District Pays Upkeep.

Are there any other elements of
Identification for the capital outside of
public buildings. monuments, memo
rails. art galleries, botanical gardens,
parks. amusement grounds and wide
streets?" he asked. Then he tried by
questions to show that the District did
not pay for the upkeep of these build
ings. memorials, art galleries. He was
assured. however, that the District did
pay for the streets and upkeep, for the
parks here and amusement grounds.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30
MAYESVILLE TO PLAY COLUMBIA A
Athictics to Play Three Games in
Mayesvillc Next Week.

Mayesville, Jan. 25.-A series of
games has been arranged with the
crack Columbia Athletics for Mon
day. Tuesday and Wednesday of next
week. June 2S, 20. and 80 The To-
cal team has been strengthened and is
now in position to meet any of the
strong amateur teams within reach.
The management has secured these
games for next week at considera Bile
expense and 1t is hoped that there
VIII be good crowds on hand at each
game. The home team hopes to be
able to take at least two of the games
and a high class exhibition is prom
ised for each afternoon. The games
will be called promptly at O'Clock
The inrincible Matt Mayes will he
on the mound for the locals for at
least two games. The Columbia team
Is composed of players that have rep
utations on college diamonds and i'm
semi-professional circles.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30
ENGLAND WANTS FACTORY
HANDS.
England Considers Recruiting of
Workshops Even More Essential
Than Filling Trenches.

London, June 24.-The enrolment
of war munition volunteers is engag-
ing more attention for the time being
than the enlistment Of army recruits.
Munitions work bureaus were open-
ed tonight in nearly 200 town halls in
various parts of the country and in
many other buildings to give British
workmen an opportunity ito get into
the factory line and supply the firing
llne." British workingmen never be-
fore were the objects of so much con-
sideration.
The chancellor of the excheauer.
Reginald McKenna, today received a
deputation representing trades unions
and other organizations and urged
the necessity Of their cooperation to
make the new war loan a success.
I'VE will do our share towards get
ting the money" was the response of
Charles w. Bowerman, an influential
labor member Of parliament.
To enable the poorer classes to par
ticipate in the loan it was suggested
that loan certificates as low as two
shillings each be issued. Already it
has been arranged to issue five shilling
certificates.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30
PROSPECT OF GOOD SEASON.
Good Crops of Oats, Wheat, Alfalfa,
Corn ami Cotton OH Clemson Farm.

Clemson College, June 25.-With
oats and wheat harvested, alfalfa
ready for second cutting and corn
and cotton growing well, the pros
poets for a good year on the Clemson
College farm are excellent. The farm
last year realized profit, in spite of
the low cotton prices.
This is the first year that alfalfa has
been grown on the college farm and
the field planted last fall is growing
excellently. The alfalfa was inoculat-
ed with commercial cultures. There
are ten or twelve acres. One cutting
has already been made this season
and the field is ready for it's second
cutting.
Thirty-five acres of wheat have
been harvested and the yield is about
twenty five bushels per acre. The va
rieties sown were Blue Stem and
Leaps Prolific, which are recommend
ed as among the best varieties of
wheat for South Carolina. The yield
of oats is also good one
The heavy May rains produced
much grass in the cotton and corn
but this has been remedied and the
two staples are now growing we'll.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30
HONORS RUPERT BLUE.
Medical Association Chooses Him for
Next Head.

San Francisco, June 24.-The Amer
lean Medical associations three-day
session came to an end today. Fiji
teen sections representing every stand
ard branch of the profession Of medi-
cine held conventions III Is large halls
of the civiv auditorium simultaneously
today. 1t was decided to hold the
1916 convention in Detroit.
DR.. Rupert Blue, surgeon general.
United States public health service,
was elected president-elect AS presi-
dent-elect, following the custom of
the association, he follows DR.. William
l.. Rodman of Philadelphia, who be-
comes president, succeeding DIR. Victor
Z. Vaughan of Ann Harbor, Mich,
who retires.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30
CAN SURPLUS FRUIT.
Waste of Fruit Should he StODnod and
Surplus Product Canned for the
Winter Table.

Clemson College, June 25.-At this
season or the year and from now un-
til August many farmers have more
fruit than they dispose of properly.
In most cases that portion which is
not eaten green or cooked for the
table during the ripening season is
either allowed to fall to the ground
and rot or is picked up and thrown
to the hogs. This is a wasteful meth
cd. In the majority Of cases, when
surplus fruit is allowed to waste in
summer, canned fruit has to be
bought Turing the winter to supply
the table.
BY all means the surplus should be
put up in cans. This is easily done
and is inexpensive. Often more can
be put up than is needed for home
use. In such cases, there is always
good sale for it on the local market.
Several farmers in this State last
year paid most of their fertilizer bills
with money from the sale of fruit
canned in this manner. They had be-
fore been letting it go to waste.
The same applies to vegetables
Some extra beans and tomatoes
should always be grown to supply the
table during winter. 1t v be cheap
er to grow tn 5e and can them than
to get them at the grocer's. The profit
In most of the home orchards and
gardens is in that portion which is not
used in summer, but canned and
saved for winter use.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30
YEARS CUSTOMS REVENUES.
Funds In Hand Already Amount to-
$2Oi,OOO. 900.

washington, June 23.-Customs
officials declared tonight that the
revenues from customs now in hand
OF the fiscal year. which ends June
80, amount to more than $2O4, ,00O,-
600, and that there Is a prospect that
the total for the year will be close to
$210. 100000.
This would be $4,000, 900 below
the estimate made by Secretary Nc
Adoo last fall. and less by more than
$SO.OOO.OO0 than the receipts last
year before the European war inter-
fered with imports.
The closest calculations as to the
amount of customs for the year was
made several months ago by A. j.
Peters assistant secretary in charge
OF the customs. who figured on $2lS,-
O0O, 900.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30

The London Daily News thus ex-
presses the opinion that president
Wilson is not merely the first citizen
of the United States, but the first
citizen of the world."' That is the ia ct
an American is the first citizen of
the world, and he is not so because
OF learning. circumstance, power. ora
tory, or diplomacy He is so because
OF moral courage and purpose. This
Is the greatest fact of the day-that
humanity is the controlling power of
nations and that truth will at last ov-
ercome all armies. This is the les
son of the greatest event of the day.
and puts civilization far ahead of
wherever it stood before. Thank
God for Woodrow Wilson.-Ohio
State Journal.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30
LITTLE POTASH LEFT.
Sufficient to Last Sixty Days and Then
Substitutes Will Have to Take Place.

Charleston Post.
1t is the expressed opinion Of fer
lizer men that all the potash in this
country will be consumed by the man
ufacturers within the next 60 days.
Germany will not permit the exporta-
ton of potash during the present war,
and from the outlook war will con-
tinue in Europe for considerably more
than 60 days.
Tile outlook is another season with
out, or virtually without, potash. Fer
tilizer mixers in all parts Of the South
mixed practically without potash dur
ing the season just past and crops that
are now growing in South Carolina
have been made largely without pot
ash. which has advanced fabulously in
price since the embargo passed by the
German government upon its exporta :
ton.
While protests are being made by
organized fertilizer manufacturers in
all parts OF the country against con-
ditions that SO seriously affect the
crops of the nation. government ex-
perts are continuously at work seeing
substitutes for potash in domestic
fields. While no announced substitute
has been proved unqualifiedly salts
factory to date, considerable conf
dence Is expressed in the ultimate
success Of some of the more recent
researches in Western territory.
Potash is not the only ingredient
commonly employed in the mixing of
commercial fertilizers, that has been
directly affected by the dogs OF war
1t Is rumored that sulphuric acid will
shortly cell at $40 or SIS per ton. The
normal price Of this product is IS per
ton.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30
CROPS POOR AT HAGOOD.
Good Weather Will Bring out Cotton
-ltcspcctcd Negro Dead-Other
News of Peninsula.

Rembert, June 25.-News from the
peninsula is not SO abundant these
summer days
News our farmers will be interested
in is that the roller -four mill is soon
to be installed at the old Dinkins mill
Mr.. G. H.. Lenoir Of Camden, was
down this week directing some
changes incident to the installation.
And crops! Corn on the penin-
sula is good, bad and Indifferent, due
to preparation and cultivation. Cot
ton, smaller than in many years, can
come out.
Mr.. Dick Richburg has the best
corn; he and Mr.. w. S. Allen the best
cotton we have seen. Reports of
crops in and around Hagood are dis
couraging in the extreme, being very
small and badly in the grass.
Folks succeeded in harvesting
small grain in excellent condition.
Calvin Osborne, a negro of stand
ing, we'll and favorably known in
these parts, died at his home on the
the swamp on the 22nd.
Fred Dunlap, mention of whom ap-
peared in your columns, continues to
improve.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30
"SWAT THE ROOSTER"
lnfertile Eggs Deteriorate Less in
Summer than Do Fertile Eggs.

Clemson College, June 25.-The
swat the rooster" campaign inau-
gurated by Clemson College on the
Clemson cream and egg routes is of
such importance that every person in
the State keeping laying hens for eggs
should understand the reason why
doing away with the rooster is neces-
sary at this season Of the year. The
poultryman Of the college explains
why infertile egts are more profita BILE
than fertile eggs.
The ovary Of the hen, where an
egg yolk increases in size from a
small point to maturity, lies at the
mouth of the Oviduct, a tube about
twenty inches long. The mature yolk
Is fertilized when it enters the owl
duct il the hen has been running with
a male and during the process Of COW
ering the yolk with layer after layer
OF albumen, or white, with the two
skins and with the limey substance
that hardens into shell, the embryo,
or unborn chick, is growing constant
y. Every fertile egg at the time of
laying has in it a live chick twenty to
thirty hours old.
This little chick takes advantage of
every suitable temperature to increase
in size. A warm room, a summer sun,
or any temperature over eighty de-
grees will make the chick grow.
The difficulties of keeping such fer
tile eggs in fit eating condition dur
ing summer weather are too great to
overcome. The only remedy is to re-
move the cause, which is the rooster.
BY ''swatting' the rooster and having
eggs without live germs in them, one
can obtain as good eggs in warm
weather as in winter. There is then
no chick in the egg to grow as in
the fertile egg in which the chick
grows for a day or two and then dies
BOOSTERS should be killed or sepa-
rated from laying hens. This does not
lessen egg production. A hen will
lay just as we'll without rooster.
The hen which holds the worlds rec
ord Of 3O3 eggs in one year did not
have rooster with her during the
year.
swat the rOOSter'' should he tho
slogan of every poultryman. The
rooster is necessary during the breed
ing season. but at other times is OBJ
jectiOnable. When the roOsters are
put out of the way, there will be no
spotted yolks In fried and poached
eggs and people will eat more eggs in
summer. Swat the rooster and have
better eggs.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30

nings, Lee d Noise, ID. w. Robinson.
SATURDAY. JULY 17TH.
56. X. j.. Jones by Guardian VS..
r.. w. Parker.-J. III. Clifton; l.. ID.
Jennings.
81. G. Walter Belts, ct. al. vs.. r.
f. McElveen.--J. II. Clifton; Nc
Leod and Dennis.
So. Farmers Loan and Trust Co.
VS.. $. E. James and G. l.. James,
Ruffin and McGowan; -
SO. Wulburn Fertilizer Co. VS.. Pc
ter Anderson.-Lee & Noise;
81. Mrs. II. ID. Green vs.. John II.
Green.-L. ID. jennings; Geo. d.
Levy.
Resolved, That no cause shall lose
its position on the calendar bv reason
of the same not being reached and
called for trial on the day assigned,
but such cause shall stand in regular
order to be called for trial when the
same is reached in due course.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30
EIGHT LIVES LOST: MANY HURT.
trains Meet Oh High Bridge Over
Deep Ravinc OH Western Maryland
Road.

Gettysburg, Pa, June 24.-Eight
persons are known to have been killed
and from II to IA injured in a headon
collision between the Blue Mountain
special and a local train on the Wes-
tern Maryland railroad near the Mason
and Dixon line, tonight.
The trains met at high speed on
a bridge spanning deep ravine be-
tween Highfield and Thurmont and
IL Is feared some of the passengers
were thrown from the bridge.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30
Death OF Little Boy,

Mr. and Mrs. John j. Roland's lit
tie baby boy, John j. Jr., died yes
tsrday morning after an illness of
only a few days Of dysentery
The grief stricken parents have the
sympathies Of their friends in their
sudden bereavement.
Mr.. and Mrs. Rowland parents of
Mr.. Jack Rowland, Mr.. Charles Row.
land and wife, all of Sumter, came
over to attend the babys funeral
yesterday, which was held at the
Presbyterian church, conducted by
Rev. G.. T.. Edwards.-Leader and
Vindicator.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30
round Gator i'm The Fishery

superintendent q. w. III. Brown, of
the Fish Cultural Station, reported
TINS morning that an alligator meas
uring seven feet in length was cap
tured at the fishery. The alligator
was of the female specie and after
being killed, 46 mature eggs were
found besides large number of
smaller ones
MesSrs. Connie Ransdale, Willie
k"nnerly and O. X. Wilson, Jr., dis
patched the gator. - Orangeburg
Evening News.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30
GOOD WINE WASTED.

Millions of Gallons Destroyed by Fire.
Fresno, June 25.-Millions of GAL
Ions of wine were destroyed when the
Barton Vineyard building was burned
today. The loss is a half million dol
lars.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30
HEADS CRUSHERS
Elected President OF South Carolina
Association

Newport News, Va, June 2i.-The
JOINT convention of the North and
south Carolina Cotton Crushers' as
sociatlohs' which has been in session
at old Point, adjourned this morning.
me south Carolina association elected
the following officers President. f.
I. Hendricks, l,ecsvillc; vice presi
dent, :. Il. Caldwell. Columbia; SEQ
retary. B. +. Taylor, Columbia.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30
AMERICAN SHIP SEIZED.
London Claims Cargo of the Nechcs
is From Country Hostile to Eng
land.

London, June 24.-The American
steamer NecheS has been seized in
the Downs and ordered to proceed
to London to discharge her general
cargo, which is to be thrown into
prize court The contention of the
British government that the cargo
came from "a country hostile to Great
Britain is denied by the shippers.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30
Sick Have Recovered.

heV. l.. l.. Legters and Mr.. j. Ed.
McCutchen who have been i'm the
Florence hospital for several weeks
returned last Saturday to the great
delight of their many friends.
Mr.. McCutchen was there for six or
more weeks and for many days his
was critical.-Leader and
indicator
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-06-30
State Fair Society Wins Verdict for
$1,000

Columbia, June 25.-A verdict of
$l,5OO was returned yesterday in
civil court for the plaintiff in the case
OF State Agricultural and Mechanical
society against Mary Taylor and the
Massachusetts Bonding and Insur-
ance company.