The Arvada enterprise., 1915-07-08
Century,.

to the first Flag. Day" June IA, 1777.
During the first crusade in 1195.
Pope Urban ii assigned to all OF the
Christian nations as standards crosses
varying In color and design, emblem.
attic Of the warfare in which they
were engaged. To the Scotch troops
was assigned the white satire, known
- the white cross Of st. Andrew, on a
blue field. The British used a yellow
cross, but n century and quarter
later they adopted a red cross on a
white field, known as the red cross OF
st. George.
When James vi of Scotland ascend
ed the throne OF England as James i,
he combined the two flags, and issued
proclamation requiring all ships to
carry the new flag at their main
masts. At the same time the vessels
Of south Britain were to carry at
their foremasts the red cross OF St.
George and the slips of north Britain
10 carry the white cross of st. An.
drew.
Tho new flag was known as kings
Colors," the Union Colors," or the
"Great Union" and later as the Union
Jack" and was the one under which
the British made all their permanent
settlements in America. 1t was the
nag Of Great Britain only by proclama-
ton, however; not until 1907 did par
lament pass an act definitely uniting
the two countries and their flags. In
the same year the government issued
regulations requiring the navy to use
/. what was known as the White ensign;
the naval reserve, the blue ensign;
and the merchant marine, the red en-
sign Owing to the fact that the Brit
lsh merchant vessels were everywhere.
the colonists in America came to look
upon this red ensign as tho flag of
Great Britain.
The people In the New England col
ohies were bitterly opposed TO the
cross in the flag. In 1875 some of the
troops In Massachusetts declined to
march under this flag and the military
commissioners We're forced to design
other flags for their troops with the
cross left out. The design they adopt
ed has not been preserved. In 1862 n
mint was established IN, Boston.
Money coined in this mint had the
stree stamped on one side OF 1t.
Thc pine tree design was also used
on New England flags. certainly by
IN and possibly MS early us 1896.
At tho outbreak of the Revolution
the American colonies had no flag
common to all of them. In many cases
the merchant marine flag of England
was used with the pine tree substi-
tuted for the Union Jack. Massa-
chusetts adopted the green pine tree
on white field. with the motto: An
Appeal to Heaven" Some Of the south
arm states had the rattlesnake flag
with the motto Don't Tread on ~
on u white or yellow field This flag
had been used by South Carolina rs
early us 1864. benjamin Franklin de-
Tended the rattlesnake device on the
ground that the rattlesnake is found
only In America, and that serpent EN-.
biems were considered by ancicnts
10 be symbols OF wisdom.
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