davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
Russian Winter, Which Broke
Napoleon, Will Help German
Invaders, Say Their Leader

decide the fate Of Warsaw, but end
the present winter campaign and have
most important bearing on the pres
emit war
The Germans are operating under
the most tremendous difficulties
which are only possible or being over
come by the superlative military or
ganiz9tion which Gen. Won linden.
berg has built up. His strategy,
backed by wonderful work on the
part OF his chief aides, Gems. Macken-
sen, Litzman, Hans, Won Delow, and
the others, forced the Russian steam
roller back with heavy losses until
the swamps which front Warsaw
were reached There the Russians at
once came into possession OF dis
tinct advantage. as they had con-
strfeted three separate positions OF
great strength. one behind the other.
and all Aanked by impossible swamps.
The question now confronting Gen.
Won Hindenherg r. whether he and
his aides will be able to devise a plan
OF breaking through these lines. or,
tCcntisued o. Pare Twe).
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
VIM. MCPHERSON
TAKEN BY DEATH
Prominent Resident of Howell
Passes Away In Detroit
Hospital

William Mcpherson, jr., member of
the beard Of control of the State In
dustrial School in Lansing, former
state railroad commissioner, and one
OF the leading citizens of Howell.
Mich, died Sunday morning, In Grace
hospital. He was a brother of Alex
ander Mcpherson, chairman of the
board OF directors OF the First and
Old Detroit National bank, Detroit.
He was 81 years old
Mr.. Mcpherson was born near In
verness, Scotland, and when two
years old was brought to Howell by
his parents. His first business ven
ture was In the mercantile trade. Mr..
Mcpherson founded and built up a
large concern In Howell. In 1890 he
became manager OF the private bank
OF Alexander Mcpherson & Co, In
Howell, succeeding HIS brother, who
left to seek greater fortune In De-
troit. He was appointed to the state
railroad commission in 1890, by the
late Gov Alger. For II years he has
been a member Of the board OF the in
dustrial school He was delegate
to three Republican national conven-
tions. He is survived by three chill
dren, Mrs. Alice McPherson-Spencer
and ]. Bruce Spencer, OF Howell, and
Mrs. j. w. Bigelow, OF Easton, Md;
three brothers and one sister, Alexan-
der Mcpherson and Mrs. II. T. Brown
ing, OF Detroit, and NJ j. and Edward
G.. Mcpherson, of Howell.
Funeral services will be held from
his home In Howell, Wednesday af-
ternoon at 2 o'clock.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
FIND GERMAN
PLOT TO FORGE
U.S.. PASSPORTS
Many Communications Held
by N. Y. Secret Service Men
On Grave Charge
RESERvISTS SAIL
UNDER FALSE COLORS
Made Use of Fraudulent Creden-
tials To Regain Regiments,
Claim

NEW YORK, Jan. 4,-Secret service
men are today investigating an alleg-
ed plot on the part of certain German
Americans to obtain forged American
passports to be used by German re-
servists in joining their colors. II Is
declared here that President Wilson
is personally directing the investiga-
ton, and that the plot involves at
least one official high in the councils
OF the German government. Carl Ru-
rode, Of Brooklyn, and eight other
men were taken into custody Saturday
night In connection with the case.
Rurode was formerly employed by
the North German Lloyd Steamship
Co.
President Wilson Is said 10. fear that
the status Of American citizens now
abroad will be seriously endangered
by the discovery that German resery-
lists have been able to rejoin their reg
liments under the protection OF Amer
lean passports. He believed that such
revelation will cause European gov
ernments to be suspicious Of all
American passports.
Morris Dieches. well-known Phila-
delphia attorney, has been arrested
In that city I'm connection with the al
legged plot
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
BEGIN PROBE OF
INDIANAPOLIS
BALLOT SCANDAL
Charge That Police With Riot
Clubs inundated Voters
Will Be Investigated
SECRECY EXPECTED TO
SURROUND PROCEEDINGS
One Hundred and Twenty Men
SubpOenaed to Appear Before
Federal Grand Jury

INDIANAPOLIS, Ind, Jan. A.
When William 7. Patten, auditor OF
Marion county, went before the fed
eral grand jury at 8 a. III. today, the
federal probe OF charges that colored
voters were intimidated at the polls
during the recent election and that
there had been many irregularities OF
registration was formally opened. The
fact that 100 local men already have
been subpoenaed to appear this week
indicated that the probe would be
thorough. Because 1t follows SO close
ly the federal indictment OF ia Terre
Haute men, including. Mayor Dom M.
Roberts and many OF his Official fam
lily, the report OF the grand jury Is
awaited with apprehension by many.
Politicians were aware Sunday, for
the first time, that a-corps OF deputies
were busy serving summonses. Pat
ten took with him to the grand Jury
room the original certificates OF the
September and October registration In
certain precincts.
AS in the Terre Haute investigation
when newspaper men were called be-
fore Federal Judge Anderson and
warned not to publish names OF those
Continued on Page Two)
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
BURNETT SETTLES
CENTRAL BANK SUIT

Criminal proceedings against Lyman
ID. Burnett and Thomas @. Fitzpatrick
may be dropped as the result OF a set
Element of civil suits brought against
Burnett by the Central Savings bank.
which, 1t was alleged, suffered loss
estimated at $4,000 through alleged
lax methods on the part OF Fltzpat-
rick, who was manager OF one OF the
banks branches. IL was charged that
Fitzpatrick permitted Burnett to over.
draw his account, without obtaining
securities from him.
Burnett, II is said, has turned over
TO the bank real estate valued at $751;
900 and $4,000 worth OF jewelry. The
jewelry had been held by the sheriTs
ONCE on attachments.
Prosecuting Attorney Allan n. Fra.
ger has intimated that the criminal
cases against the two Will be quashed
when they come up for hearing in DO
lice court, Tuesday.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
EXECUTION OF LEO N. FRANK
WILL Be LEGAL MURDER, SAY
CONDEMNED MANS FRIENDS
How the Mob
Hungered For
Leo Franks Life

The trial was a maelstrom in
which all the lower attributes OF
humanity. in its passion, seethed
and withered with poisonous IA.
tality.
The judge felt the impending
danger Of hostile mob action-and
continued the trial.
The sheriff felt it-and had arm
ed deputies scattered among the
crowds in and out of the court
room.
The jury must have felt it, for
the attitude OF the crowd was un-
mistakable. Men In the crowded
courtroom badgered the jurymen
during the trial with threats that
should verdict freeing Frank be
rendered the jurymen would suffer
personal violence and business
bankruptcy.
Full page newspaper accounts
told OF all the women that had
IN killed In Atlanta during the last
few years. and demanded the con-
viction of Mary Phagan's slayer.
This newspaper hysteria was but
one element in the storm cloud of
passion and politics that surround
ed the case.
The police were panic stricken
by their own sense of official in
competence.
The result was the conviction OF
Leo Frank upon the evidence Of
Jim Conley. a drunken Negro, a
self-confessed perjurer. and a six
time convicted criminal.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
WOULD BAR ALCOHOLICS
FROM UNITED STATES

An examination to determine wheth.
er foreigners coming into the United
States are slaves of alcohol, would be
much more valuable than the literacy
test embodied I'm the immigration bill
just passed by congress, according to
Albert Edward Wiggam, efficiency ex-
pert, who addressed an audience OF
700 men in the Y. NJ. c. A. auditorium,
Sunday afternoon.
The dangers OF increasing the num-
Der OF men In the United States ad-
dicted to the use of alcoholic bever-
ages was referred to by Mr.. Wiggam,
after he had touched upon the problem
OF eugenics.
"Eugenics does not remove the joys
of romance from matrimony," he said
This has been proved by the success
of the law IN Wisconsin, which de-
mands certificates OF good health
from couples who wish to wed. Prac-
tical eugenics is a means OF lettering
our race.
Il do not believe an educational
test, such as is prescribed in the new
immigration law, can seriously affect
the character Of the people OF today,
and those OF years to come Educa-
ton. or lack Of 1t, does not determine
the Unborn characteristics of human
beings.
Alcohol is far greater factor in
determining the health and character
OF all people. Descendants OF alcohol
les are a heavier burden upon the pub
lie than those whose parents Are
merely uneducated. Future genera
tons OF America cannot be better
guarded than by barring alcoholics
from ouc shores"
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
SAYS DETROIT LAGS
IN HOUSING REFORMS

That Detroit IS behind other indus
trial cities In America in the solution
OF housing problems because OF the
lack OF a state or city law regulating
the construction and maintenance OF
homes was declared by
Mrs. Johanna Won Wagner In her ad-
dress. Sunday, before the Business
Mems Bible class OF the First Con-
gregational church.
Mrs. Won Wagner Is field worker for
the housing reform committee OF the
Twentieth Century club. and her talk
before the Bible class was on "Hous-
ing problems in Detroit" The speak.
er contrasted the homes OF working
men In Europe with those In America.
using stereopticon slides. America
showed to a disadvantage. and Mrs.
Won Wagner outlined the remedy
needed for reform.
Housing reform does not mean
charity" said the speaker. at Is an
investment with a good profit not
only In an elevated standard OF liv.
ing and efficiency. but also In an am
pie return on capital"
The attitude OF landlords was given
by Mrs. Won Wagner as one of the
reasons why Detroit is slow TO re-
form In housing matters. She de-
clared that many old residences are
sadly overcrowded. and that no at
tempts were being made to remodel
OF repair them.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
CASS SCHOOL STUDENTS
TO DISCUSS PROHIBITION

Prohibition is the subject to be de-
bated, Tuesday evening, Jan. II. by
six students of Cass Technical High
school. In the fourth annual model
meeting" OF the high school house OF
representatives. The debate will be
held In the auditorium of the school
Judge Alfred J Murphy, Attorney
James Mcnamara and Templeton p.
Twiggs, supervisor of working papers.
have been selected as judges. Two
prizes will be awarded TO the best
speakers OF the evening. The first
will be gold medal, the second sill
yer one.
The subject of the debate has been
embodied in the following words:
Resolved, That congress should pro-
hibit the manufacture. sale and impor-
tation OF all intoxicating liquors for
beverage purposes in the United
States and it's territories
The following students win argue
the affirmative side: Andrew Bloet-
scher, Isadore Banks and Philip Weis-
man. The wet" angle OF the ques-
ton will be upheld by Louis Lazro-
WITT, Anatol Rodau and Maurice Res
nick.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
WHAT IS FLAT WIRE?
CAUSES DISPUTE
Query Dating Back to HoOpskirt
Fad Revived BY Railroads
and Steel Trust

WASHINGTON, Jan. What 10
fat wire? There may be some hair
pulling before that question is an
swered 10 the satisfaction or those
who want to know the answer.
The American Steel 4 Wire Co.
the wire end OF the Steel trust, and
the railroads Of the south cannot
agree on the subject.
The query was made possible ssby
the hoopskirt fad. Fifty years $50.
when that contraption was necessary
to a lady's wardrobe, the wfre-makers
supplied the demand for the steel
bands used In their construction by
running the ordinary drawn wire
through rolls 10 fatten IL.
Nowadays there is fiat wire" IL
inches wide, but the southern rail
roads insist on calling such strips
OF steel steel plates" Steel plates
carry rates from 90 cents to SO ton
higher than the commodity which the
ordinary citizen would call wire.
They are trying TO force the steel
trust to pay the higher rate because.
although the wide bands are made by
the wire makers, the raw material
never was a wire. Therefore, they ar
que. they cannot be called fat wire.
The wire makers insist that because
the process OF manufacture has
changed IS no valid reason for exact
ing a higher rate for the transporta-
ton OF the commodity, Thus far
nearly 1000 pages OF testimony have
been taken on the subject in Cleve-
land. Washington and Pittsburgh. and
the end Is not yet
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
SKULL BATTERED IN
SALOON 'BRAWL; DIES

Michael Sobol. % years old. OF No.
1929 Ferry-sve. east. died in st. Mary's
hospital. Saturday. from a fracture of
the skull which he suffered when he
was knocked down, in II. A. Minty's
saloon, No 1897 Jefferson-ave., during
an argument over payment OF fee
for obtaiDing a job.
Detectives are searching for John
Gureski. alias THE Butcher" 26 years
old, address not known. who Is charg-
ed with being Sobols sssallant.
They learned that Sobol had prom.
lsed Gureski S. for obtaining q posi-
ton in the Morgan & Wright plant for
him, and wher Gureski demanded his
fee. Saturday, Sobol rendered $3.50.
and said he would pay the balance,
next week Then Gureskl hit him, IT
Is alleged, Sobors head striking the
floor with sufficient force to fracture
his skull.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
T0SrenfiaI Rains Call
Halt In Fighting

PARIS, Jan. 4.-Torrential rains.
which have resulted in uncomfortable
foods and which continue to sweep
over all OF northern Franceo0nd Bel
GUM, have placed hostilities almost
at a standstill with the exception OF
the right wing. Even the artillery
duels have slackened owing to the in
ability or the transport To bring up
additional ammunition. In conse-
Hquence the gunners are outstanding
their supply everywhere.
The trenches are water-hlled
bitches. In the north, at many points.
rivers and creeks have overfowed
their banks and filed them with wa
ter, driving the troops out. The rain
is accompanied by high wintry wind
which causes terrible suffering to the
soldiers, who, In many instances. are
unable to make fires to dry their
clothing. The percentage or sick Is
Increasing daily. Hundreds OF men
are being invalided to the rear. Most
OF them are suffering from pneumonia.
Until the weather changes there
can be no general resumption Of the
lighting. Both sides are utilizing the
lull TO bring up achievements to
threatened positions. But this Is a
very hard task. The men are forced
to wade through mud up to their
knees. And 1t Is almost impossible
for any OF the transports, excepting
the more powerful motor vehicles. to
move. The latter are frequently
stalled. thus effectively blocking the
roads.
In the Vosges and in upper Alsace
the fighting continues with the French
making slow but steady gains.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
LONDON STOCK
EXCHANGE REOPENS
Cheers Greet Resumption OF
Trade After Five Months
Stagnation

LONDON, Jan. 4-The London
stock exchange reopened today. after
having been closed Ave months be-
cause OF the war situation. The open
ing was marked with an enormous at
tendance. Before the formal open
ing proclamation was made the men,
bers gathered in front OF the
desk and cheered All then united in
singing God Save the King"
The market opened cheerful and
fairly steady. The war loan opened
at "a 9-l6; consols at 6S 1-2; Union
Pacific at 1lS ga
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04

That the great European war VIII
result in the general adoption OF Es-
peranto, the universal language, and
that this common speech used by all
mankind will enable them to under
stand one another and make another
great war impossible. was stated. sun.
day. by DR.. Tobias Sigel, the noted
Detroit physician and delegate for TINS
district TO the Universal Esperanto as
sociation. with headquarters in swift
zerland.
"The students of Esperanto and the
association officials are planning
great campaign at the end OF the war
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
Persians and Bulgdrs
Helping the Turks

CoNsTANTINoPLE, (via Berlin
and London), Jan. THAT Persian
and Bulgarian volunteers are operat-
ing with the Turkish army was an
nounced at army headquarters today.
According to the war office these vol
unteers already have been responsible
for a substantial Turkish victory in
.skirmish northeast OF Sautsch. The
Bulgarians and Persians attacked
column OF Russian troops. killing 200
and capturing six guns. In all OF the.
fighting near Sarykamysh the Turks
claim signal successes against the
Russians.
Russian cruisers again have failed
In an attempt TO land marines Mt
jana. They were driven on by the
(Continued on Page TwoJ
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
Sees Adoption of Esperanto AS
World Tongue AS Result of War

10 prevail upon the public schools OF
the different nations TO make that
language a part OF their course OF In
struction." said DR.. Sigel. I'VE be
lieve that the war will be a great
help. The people of the world will
understand as never before the value
OF a universal language. and such
language In my opinion will prevent
any such future conflict"
A meeting OF the delegates of the
Esperanto association will be held In
Switzerland shortly after the cessa-
ton OF hostilities, and plans for the
adoption OF the language win
be determined upon.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04

VIENNA, Jan. 4-That the Rus.
sian invasion of Hungary il checked,
at least temporarily. is the view Of the
military experts at headquarters.
They declare that. although the Rus
SLAMS penetrated the Carpathians at
four points. they have been checked
at the first line Of the Hungarian de-
lenses with heavy losses.
German and Austrian troops are
again cooperating in the fighting To
the northwest OF Gorlice and the war
ONCE denies the Russian claim that
the Russians gained q victory there
II is announced that complete con-
firmation has been received OF the
Austrian victory south of Gorlice
where an entire Russian battalion OF
$50 men and five officers with two ma
chine guns and an aeroplane were cap
tured.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
By KARL II. Won WElGAND.

(otuH Correspondent Ontted PTeSS.)
AT HEADQ UARTERS OF THE I'M
PERIAL PRUSSIAN GUARD DI.
VISION, 81 MILES FROM WARSAW,
Dec. 31.-(By courier via Skierni-
wicz. Lodz, Posen, Berlin and The
Hague, Jan. 4.)--Gen. Won linden.
berg and his fighting army are wait.
ing for real winter. Failure OF the
usual below zero temperature to ap-
pear on time has proven an enormous
handicap to the German strategic
plans. AS result, the Gevman often.
sive against Warsaw is partly
checked, while the troops wait for
the Rawka river and the swamps on
their front to freeze up. Whereas
winter spelled destruction to Napo-
leon II will spell success to the ser-
mans, according to the high officials
now at the front.
have been able TO spend eight
days at the extreme front along the
German eastern position II In a gi-
gantic struggle that Is I'm progress
The present campaign will not only
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
THE WEATHER

Detroit and vlcinftyi Monday might
and Tuesday. cloudy, unsettled, prob
sbIy SHOWS moderate variable winds
becoming s0utherly.
Lower Mfchiuans Unsettled with
local snow, Monday might or Tuesday
somewhat warmer and On northeast
portion Monday night moderate south
winds.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04

Federal Judge futile will hold In sbey-
Rnce the motion of the promoters Of
the Savage Motor Co. seeking TO
quash indictments against them, un-
IN the appellate court has ruled on
the action OF District Judge Hollis
ter. OF Cincinnati, who released the
motor car company promoters there
on n similar charge. Delbert II. Cum.
mings. Robert W. Fishback and Ed
win r.. Taylor are IN" 'hree against
whom indictments stand
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
Entire Russian Battalion Cap
tured With Machine Guns and
Aeroplanes, is Official Aus
TRAN Communication
TORRENTTAL RAINS CHECK
FIGHTING IN WEST
Petrograd Denies German Chains
Of Further Advances Toward
Warsaw 3

AMSTERDAM, Jan. 4.--Frsnois
avlators have succeeded In bonn
harding Etterbeek, the German
aviation station Just outside Of
Brussels. They destroyed numer-
Gus machines In course Of con-
struction there, and killed severed
German soldiers.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04

Detroit servisns held d meeting suu-
day evening mt No. 27S2 WOODWARD
ave-. to renew efforts TO raise funds
for their countrymen engaged in the
European war. A total Of sass was
collected. George Hadritoh, chair
man OF the meeting, urged the Ser
VANS to give literally for the aid OF
their country.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04

That's Whist they al ssy when they
ssve tried our soondsy lunchy-s4etei
QrfsHald--AdY.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04

MESSENGER SERVICE,
EXPRESSING, BAGGAGE, TAxICAB.
CALL CADILLAC 3S0.-Adv.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04

CHICAGO GRAIN AND PRovIsIoNs.
MAY. up Ihc; July, up nc. Corn:
May. up Hc July, up &c. Oats: May.
up &C; July, up &c Provisions;
Slightly lower
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04

Cyril F. kleyn, student I'm the enRf-
OF Michigan, will not have to face
trial in the federal court on a charge
OF writing n profane letter to Prof.
NJ. Hannigan. OF the Royal Academy
OF Music, London. Eng. Kleyn was
arrested Sept. IA. but II has Just be-
come known that the grand Jury re-
fused to return an indictment
against him. The student was In
censed at the professor for having
eloped with the formers sister.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04

Dsscf.r sf rs,.e~ Rink tonight after
skating s<s-ton.--Adv
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04

Printing the plain neat kind-that IL
right - Times job Experimentation
1870.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
THE WEATHER.

MONDAY NIGHT AND TUESDAY.
CLOUDY, UNsETTLEDt PROBABLY
SHOWS VARIABLE WINDS.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-17

conditions. In the decade from 1900 to 1910 the number of homes owned by negroes in the southern states in- creased by 1O2,912 or 31.4 per cent. In 1910 in Alabama 17,227 farm homes and 16714 other homes-chiefly in urban communities-were owned by negroes.
 In the Tuskegee pamphlet it is stated that 450,000 negroes in the south are seriously i'll all the time; that the annual cost of sickness of these 450,000 negroes is s75,000,000; that one-half of this sickness is pre- ventable; that 45 per cent of the an- nual mortality is preventable; that the annual economic loss to the south from sickness and death among the negroes is $3O0,000, 1000.
 This whole question is of great eco homie importance and the white peo- pie of the south should stand ready to assist the negroes sin this better health movement" As cleanliness contributes to health negro cleanup week should be well observed.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-17
Alabama's Coal Production

State Mine Inspector c. H. Nesbitts annual report on coal and coke pro- duction makes good showing for 1914, considering the depressed condi- tions prevailing in the last half of the year. In 1913 the coal output was 17,907,2S tons. Last years output was 15,520,943 tons-a decrease of 2,3S9,341 tons. There was a decrease of 53S,725 tons in coke production
 It was only few years ago that Alabama's coal production reached the 1O,0O0,0O0 ton mark. It was increas- ing steadily year by year, and if last year had been normal in industrial operations our coal production would probably have been upwards of 1S,- 900 ,O0O tons.
 The coal market continues dull. Recently there has been a very marked improvement in industrial ac- tivities and in business generally; but until the railroads are hauling normal freight tonnage the coal companies will continue to operate below their normal capacity.
 Indications point to more prosperous times in April and May and to solid prosperity throughout the summer and fall. If the last half of the year turns out well there will be very brisk demand for coal, and in that event Alabama's 1915 production will prob ably be up to that of 1913. The year 1916 will probably see 19,000,000 or 20 900, ,OO00 ton record.