davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1915-01-07

their outpost trenches at Herr
bach by fierce night assaults.
PARIS. ian. uninterrupted sue.
cesses by the allies at every point
where they are In contact with the
Germans are claimed by both official
and unofficial adylces from the west
ern zone.
A repulse OF the German aerial at
tack on Dunkirk and the allies am
munltlon supply base In It's vicinity
are claimed. the hostile aviators being
driven away by French aeroguns.
Between the North Sea and the
River Lys. II was declared the French
artillery have silenced a number OF
main batteries.
No infantry engagements have oc'
cured in this district. II was stated,
on account OF the continued rains
and floods.
Desperate fighting was said to
have occurred on Wednesday night
and to be still in progress In the vi
cinity OF Lille. German attacks un'
der cover OF mine throwers and ar
tIIlery drove the French from one oi
their trenches. Il was admitted. but
later IL was declared the French were
reinforced and recaptured the posi-
tlon.
The Geman advance east OF Rheims
was reported to be checked as were
the assaults at watwiller and Klos
chlag and in the woevre region.
The French. It was asserted. were
holding the woods three miles west
OF Altklrch and making steady pro-
grcss in the fighting In Alsace.
BERLIN. Jan. Though II was
conceded there is heavy fighting in
progress in Alsace. the war office de-
MED the French have made substan'
tlal gains in that district.
II was denied that anything but NIL
nor engagements have occurred In the
Carpathlan passes. The most recent
encounters along the vistula, In Po-
land, were also said to have been on
a small scale.
COPENHAGEN. Jan. THE Dan
ish steamship Shingolf was sunk in
the North Sea by mine. The crew
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1915-01-07

PARIS, Jan. 7.-Ferocious
fighting with the Germans Is re-
ported In Alsace. in the vicinity
OF Altklrch. The French attack
ed the enemy in force. 1t was
stated. gaining slightly on the hllls
west OF the city. They are said to
have driven the Germans from
their outpost trenches at Herr
bach by fierce night assaults.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1915-01-07

NUEVo LAREDO. Mexico. Jan.
THAT Mexico's plight Is more Sc
rious now than at any time since the
late President Madero started a revo-
luton against Diaz. was the declara-
ton OF General Martin Spinoza, who
reached Nuevo Laredo from Mexico
City. Spinoza presided over the "a
pata-Gutierrez convention for one
day. The convention was a farce.
Spinoza declared. being controlled by
Zapata with armed guards. while
Generals villa and Angeles and even
Provisional President Gutierrez him
self under constant surveillance when
they attended the gathering
Life in the capital has become un-
bearable, Spinoza said. the city be-
ing practically depopulated as a re-
suit OF the Carranzistas Withdrawing
in fear OF a YiIlista attack
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1915-01-07

COPENHAGEN. Jan. THE Dan
ish steamship shingolf was sunk In
the North Sea by a mine. The crew
OF II perished, II was learned.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1915-01-07

VERA CRUZ. Jan. 7.-Reinforce-
ments. hurrying to the assistance OF
the defeated villista garrison OF Pu-
ebia have been checked 20 miles from
that place. It was stated at Carran-
"a headquarters. while the constitu-
tionalists were gathering strength to
continue their advance upon Mexico
City. 1t was said General obregon's
.Yaqui Indian cavalry Is pursuing the
routed enemy in the mountains south
east OF Puebla
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1915-01-07
MEXICAN FACTIONS
DRAWING UP LINES
FOR BIG STRUGGLE
Control Of Vera Cruz is Question at
Issue Between Forces Of Villa
and Cananza.
DECISIVE BATTLE IS NEAR
keiniorcements for VIlhstas Are Re-
ported To Have Been Cut Off and
Indian Cavalry Pursue Routed
Enemy-ConditiOns In Capital De-
scribed As UnbearabIe

WASHINGTON, Jan. 7.-vIIllstas
and carranzistas are preparing for a
decisive battle between Vera Cruz
and Mexico City. according to ad-
vices received at the state depart
ment.
The dispatches indicated the battle
may be the final reckoning between
the two factions.
Several additional carloads OF
wounded soldiers have reached Vera
Craz from Puebla. recently captured
by the Carranzistas from the villista
garrison
1t was reported that black small
pox was spreading rapidly at Vera
Cruz.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1915-01-07

Continued on Page s.)
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1915-01-07
TO ADVERTISERS

The East Oregonlan has the largest paid
circulation OF any paper In Oregon, east Of
Portland and over twice the circulation In
Pendleton OF any other newspaper.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-28
Necessity of Teaching Social
 Hygiene In the Public Schools
SOCIAL SERVICE DEPARTMENT By MRS. SIDNEY M. ULLMAN

For several years the board of educa- ton has conducted lectures in the school extension courses to the mothers of the school children on hygiene. The lectures have been given by the most conscientious physicians in this community and have been considered very splendid. helpful and very hopeful of future results.
 Some lectures on the subject of social hygiene have. I understand. been given at the high school, but to what extent the importance of this subject is empha- sized Is not known.
 The question of standards in social rels- ton becomes an important consideration when the school advocates and has the system of co-education. Too long have we stood on ridiculous ceremony with the subject of sex relation and the moral effect of the big uplift in co-education has been forgotten in the race of the sexes to outstrip each other in the schol- astic work.
 Constant contact of boys and girls in the daily relation of the school cannot but effect the moral life of the student, therefore it Is obligatory that the school
  tion of the youth.
 Is it fair to teach only the problem of the hygienics and overlook entirely the sex problems? False modesty has entirely gone out of style. thanks to the broad ed ucational lines undertaken, and in all the school curriculum the question in some degree of the social evil is considered.
 Would it not be fairer to the child to begin in the low grades, when the health lessons are first given, to teach the stocy of reproduction in the simple study of biology? The embarrassment of the sub ject is then entirely eliminated as 1t should be, and the child is gradually saved the horror of a later awakening.
 One teacher in the Birmingham High school told of the confessions made her by the girls and boys after she had gained their confidence, and how easy it was to put them on the right path, that they were about to stray from on account of false modesty, reticence and ignorance. We no longer excuse the victim on &C., count of ignorance, and who is 10 blame If the parent Is not alive to the necessity of giving sex instruction to the youth and the natural reticence of the child t. the parent Is overlooked. is if not the duty of the school to protect the school child by instruction on the most advanced scientific lines in the most important suo- ject that effects co-education?
 One woman might be employed to make the sex relation question in the high schools of this city her particular work. Constant companionship with the girls and a sympathetic understanding of their little love affairs and social problems, which may look foolish and simple to the outsider. but mean everything to the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-28

youth, would do wonders in assisting tho | school decorum. A similar companion ! for the boys should be selected. some con scientious man doing the work. Much unfavorabe comment has been
 made of the way the high school pupils conduct themselves. Many public places
 have been used as rendezvous for them
 after school hours. Undoubtedly this evil could me avoided with matron's care,
 and the proper instruction along the lines
 of social hygiene. Induce the high school boy and girl to
 read books on these subjects; soon tho curiosity will be overcome in the interest
 and the good cannot help but result.
 Put such books in the way of the awak-
 ening youth. Don't hide them, and ifi
 the name of common sense don't stop question asking, with the silly rejoinder that the child is too young to talk about such things.' | In all schools now the study of civic government has become part of the school
 work, Civic government in it's highest
 phase should embrace civic problems of all sorts, and the problem of the sexes | is by far the greatest in importance. 1 The two great influences in the mould | ing of character today are the home and 1 the school, in the question of social rea- l tior they should stand as a unit. | The public library has a splendid as- sortment of books on the subject of social hygiene that should be used freely by. the student Among them are the follow
 ing:
 "The Health Master" CAdams), chapter 12. plain talk. "Cvics and Health" (Allen). "Efficient Democracy (Allen). American Association for the Study and
 Prevention of Infant Mortality. Proceed ings 19lS.''
 American Vigilance Association. Social Evil in Chicago" What Men Live By" 1CaboD. 'Heredity and Eugencs (Castle). "Heredity in Relation to Eugenics" Davenport. Hygiene and Morality tDock. Problem of Race Regeneration" (Ellis1t Task of Social Hygiene" (Ellis). Prostitution in Europe" (Flexner). Coming Generation tForbush). Sexual Question" tForeD. ! "kallikak Family" lGoddartD. Health of the City" Godfrey. "Eugenc Mother and Baby (Haguel. "Educational Problems" (HalD. Reproduction and Sexual Hygiene" QalD.
 Youth; It's Education. etc" (HalD. For Girls and the Mothers of Girlss OIood).
 Poverty" OHunter). "Heredity of Richard Roe Jordan)
 Social Direction of Human Evolution"
 (<elicotD.
 Love and Ethics GSey).
 ''The Younger Generation" (Key).
 Psychology and Social Sanity" (Mun- sterberg). .
 Social Adjustment tNearin).
 Working People; Their Health Etc." (Overloclk). 4
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-28
HEARING TODAY ON
 NATURALIZATION
Final Applications of Thirty One FOreign-BOrn Citi-
 zens to Be Passed On

Hearing on the final application for naturalization papers will be held this morning before Judge w. I. Grubb of the federal court when s1 foreign born subjects will appear to qualify as Amer ican citizens and rcnounce their allegiance to the ruler of the land of their na- tivity. The large majority of the ap- plicants are from non English speaking nations and among them Is included one or more representatives of nearly all th' European nations
 The examinations will be conducted by o. T. Moore, chief naturalization exam. iner of Washington. D. C., who will test the would-be citizens as to their knowl- edge of American institutions and Amer ican laws. Each applicant must be ac- companied by two witnesses who will testify as to the general good character of the alien. Examinations for final nat uralization papers are held three times each year. to-wit: the last Saturday in March, the last Saturday in August and the Saturday before Christmas in each December. Those who desire to stand the examination in December can file their
 
 hearing on that date.
 The persons to be examined today are: August Nehring Wylam: Joe Agnitsch and Stife Zilavich, Blocton; Daibes Paul Samya and Thomas Apostolod Birming- ham, Eustratius George Xinos Wylam; Leone Russo. Birmingham: John Konetes. 2101 Avenue c, Ensley; John Baptist Cou- lon, Maben; Joe Antonio and Phillip Ross, Ensley; Boris Koronefsky. Leopold Spieg- Ter and Meyer Goldner, Birmngham Ben Lorino. Ensley; William Woodford, Ac- mar; Fred Thomas Lane Harvard, Br- mingham: Vasil Olsafski, Brookside; Dave Coplan, Birmingham John William Black. Ensley; Adrian Haon, Brookside; Henry Lang. Cullman; George Libertin, Brook ade; Vince Linder, Wylam; Rosario Scalco. Birmingham; Joe Svihra, Brook side: Joe Farr Falls City; Gerald Urilley Humphrey, Bennie Crush, Sipsey: Joe Catalda, Cardiff; Harry Ignaz Licht. Bir- mingham.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-28
COFFEE ROOM ID BE
 0PENEDUP MONDAY
New Feature at Tutwiler. Cafeteria Service in the
 Basement

Fred Shireman, manager of the Tut wiler hotel, announced yesterday that Monday morning the new coffee room which he has been fitting up in the base ment of the hotel. will be opened for business.
 The place has been handsomely fur nished and decorated and is expected to become one of the most popular priced eating places in the city. It will give what is called a cafeteria service, the walters remaining behind a serving coun- ter and each patron taking a platter will get his own food and set his own table. There will be no linen, but the diners will eat from artistic little glass top tabes.
 An expert cook will be in charge and quick orders will be prepared besides the ready cooked foods kept on the steam serving tables. Mrs. Wheeler, we'll known in Birmingham as the proprietor of the Gold Lion Tea room, formerly operated ir the Brown-Marx building, will be in charge of the coffee room.
 The object of the place is to serve lunches at all hours for both men and women with the best of service and at popular prices. The room has tile floor and is very handsomely furnished. There will be an entrance from Twentieth street and also from the inside of the hotel.
 The decorations and furnishings of the restaurant represent a cost of about $S000. stated Mir. Shireman. William Leslie was the architect and Wells Bros, have done the work The place will be opened from a. m. to o'clock, D. m.. and Mr. Shireman states that later it probbaly will be kept open both day and night.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-28
Mobile. August 2, 1915.
Music in Public Schools

To the Editor of The Age-Herald I have just read in a letter to The Age Herald an unfair criticism of our public school music, and will ask you to publish the "other side" if you please. am not at all sure tspeaking as a public school teacher) that any private music teacher knows the conditions fin our cassrooms or what training the teachers have had in music. MT. Dahm-Petersen's position would be more justifable If in the begin ning he could have said that he has vis- ited number of our classrooms and that he is considering the good of all the children--high, low and middle class and not just the few who can afford private lessons.
 It would seem pity to take the music away from so many children just be- cause few of them may find "the differ ence in method hindrance to them in private lessons"
 Since the statement has been made that the teachers are incompetent and are unable to tell whether the children read and sing the notes correctly, I wish to say without going into technicalities as to methods-that we do teach the chill dren great deal of music and a great deal that enables them to appreciate music. We teach them songs that they like to sing and that give them pretty thoughts about nature and play and other things that children should love.
 I often hear these children on the streets and on the playgrounds humming or whistling the thoughts that they have learned during the short music lessons at school. (The time given to music in school is half an hour two or three times a week in the upper grades. and 15 to 20 minutes a day in the lower grades) Many of the songs are adapted to the words of poems by R. l.. Stephenson and Eugene Fields. Shall we take this away from all the children Tn expectation of what private teachers will some day do for few of them?
 Tn vindication of the grade teachers who ''cannot sing themselves and whose musical education in most cases ex- tends over a course Of six weeks or thereabouts.' wish to say that our nor
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-28
ASKS WOMENOF CITY ID USE INFLUENCE FOR EARLY CLOSING
Merchants Anxious to Close Early Saturday if People Would CO-Operate, Says
 Mrs. MalOny

Mrs. H. N Maloney, chairman, ask, the women of Birmingham to use theil influence to aid the movement for earl, Saturday night closing
 '"rhey can do this by shopping early urging their friends to do so; getting their washerwomen to bring their clothes home on Thursday. and best of all. by paying their servants on Tuesday o, Wednesday instead of Saturday night, " said Mrs. Maloney
 ''If 5000 of the housekeepers of Bir- mingham would determine to carry out the above suggestion, closing the stores early on Saturday night would be an easy problem, as most of the merchants are anxious and willing to close their stores provided the people are willing to do their shopping before Saturday night.
 Most of the trading after 9 o'clock is done by the colored people, and in order to eliminate this we must pay our servants early in the week and ask them to aid in this movement by shopping be- fore Saturday night
 Ministers of Birmingham, both white anu COloitu, WILL Sptdh III ptHdll ol edfly closing tomorrow morning.
 Mrs. Maloney makes public the fol- lowing classified list of business con cerns of Birmingham which have now agreed to cooperate in the early clos ing movement:
 P. H. Llnnehan, Green x Marchal. F. w. Bromberg, F. M. Lynch. l. R. Ruben stein, Herzog- Thompson Co.,, Jobe- Rose Jewelry Co.,, w. E. Perry, Jaffe Jewelry Co.,, Birmingham Trunk Factory, Rosen- berger's Trunk Store, Cable-Shelby-Bu ton Piano Co.,, Clark & Jones Piano Co.,, Star Piano Co.,, E. E. Forbes Piano Co.,. Caheen Bros, S. H. Kress & Co.,, Style Shop, Loveman, Joseph & Loeb, The Pa- risian Co.,, Morris Berk, Burger Dry Goods Bros. Co.,, The Peoples Taiors. J. Bach Sons. Reynolds Haberdashery Co.,, Arm strong Hat Co.,, Porter Clothing Co.,, NJ Well & Bro, Yeatman, Baugh & Co.,, Louis Saks Clothing Co.,, Marx Llnx, Hirsch Millinery Co.,, Birmingham Arms & Cycle Co.,, Sommer Tailoring Co.,, Uni ted Millinery Supply Co.,, Hirsch Mlli- nery Co.,, Samuels & Co.,, Odum, Bowers & White, F. w. Woolworth Co.,, Coxe Shoe Store, G. R. Kinney Co.,, Louis Forst, Walkover Shoe Co.,, Kerner- Williams Shoe Co.,, D. & A. Rich, Guarantee Shoe Co.,, The Hanover Shoe Co.,, and Abe Kauf- man, John w. O'Neill, McVay Seed Co.,. Spiro Hardware Co.,, w. M. Lawrence & Bro, trunk works; Seals Piano Co.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-28
HALEY REPORTS ON
 BILLS PENDING AT !. CITIZENS MEETING
Tells of Trip to Montgom- ery-Agree on Election on Five Commissioners for
 October II

At yesterdays conference of citizens at the Chamber of Commerce looking to the formation of a Civic league ir Birmingham. L. J. Haley reported or the status of legislation at Montgom cry affecting the board of city com missioners. At a previous meeting Mir Haley had been authorized to go 10 Montgomery and make this investiga- ton
 He reported that he had conferred with members of the Jefferson delega- ton and that an election on five com raissioners had been agreed upon for October II. This is the same date upon which successor to Judge Lane Is decided that upon this same date an election for two tentative commission CTS will be held, these two officials to take office only in case the voters decide In favor of the five commission CT plan
 MT. Haley said members of the dele- gation replied to objections to this plan nJ' the argument that the people were tired of elections and that they want cd to provide for settling the whole thing on one day.
 Regarding the general manager plan MT. Haley said that this bill would be passed providing for general managers for cities now under commission gov crnment but that this would be gen eral law affecting all cities alike which cared to utilize 1t.
 An election on the general manager plan may be called at any time upon petition by the specified number of qualified voters of any city.
 The committee of 10 from the cit izens meeting authorized to draw up plans for Civic league and prepare an address to the people of Birming ham had not completed its work and Chairman J. Frank Rushton was au- thorized to call another meeting as soon. as this committee had it's report ready for consideration.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-28
LOCAL MILITIA WILL LEAVE
 TOMORROW FOR ENCAMPMENT

Two local companies of infantry and one battery of artillery will leave tomor- row morning for their respective annual encampments and the officers are busy making the final arrangements for the departure of their commands The in- fantry companies will go into camp of instruction and rifle practice at Mont gomery. the battery of artillery will join the United States camp at Anniston.
 Capt. W. T. Wingo and Capt. J. T. Evans. commander of Companies B and C, Second infantry regiment. Alabama National Guard, have issued orders to their commands to meet tonight at s o'clock at the armory, city hall, where they will bivouac for the night. All members of these organizations will be required to report.
 feature of the camp will be the two days practice on the rifle range The men will go to the range in heavy march, ing order with two days rations issued
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-28
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

maj training extends two years Our su- perintendent and his assistants have this matter very well In hand and have made provisions for the teachers who are n- efficient in this line. Those of us who are not capable of handling the music so as to get correct and pleasing results do not teach tive willingly pay competent young women to teach it for us. Those Of us who are considered weak in this work through lack of experience are given careful instruction and practice at the Central High school every Friday afternoon of the school terms.
 I do not believe that any music lover who visits our schools and knows ,ne children would have the heart to say. Take their music away from them.''
 We Birmingham teachers appreciate helpful criticism We realize that we have much to learn. but Judging by the past We have every reason to feel great confidence in the future. Yours sincerely,
 CORINNE CHISHOLM.
 Birmingham, August o5 1915
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-28

ready first in the alphabet and last in educational advantages. even faltering in Its duty to prepare her children to live, to educate them for better citizenship, and Birmingham, the city of 100000, we are so proud of in numbers, but so una ble to serve.
 These are facts already published In tne paper by officials who know what they say to be true, we are not telling tales out of school. We believe in keep ing our hard times as a family secret by this hoping to acquire added strength. Now since the facts are known one never rides the car they do not hear the disadvantage of such changes as will take opportunity from an almost helpless people-the children of struggling parents. These very fam flies have the greatest number of lit tie ones in the schoolroom so it means more than two or three quarters a month for their school privileges, then there are books and tablets. They are accustomed to doing without lunches.
 We are often asked if the people who were unemployed in the spring are still having a hard time. Certainly they are-even if at work they are in debt and every honest man worries and sacrifices to overcome this condition It takes more than few months work to catch up" after full year s rest and worry. We were talking with woman a few days ago. who had made a desperate struggle all by her self to maintain her family of four fatherless children and she was SC thankful she had even paid her room rent and was not in debt. But oh my, the hard work I have done and the restless nights I have had" she said. But I would not take anything for the experience. I learned so much by the trials" Few are equal to these situations, not many think as they work and waste. This Is what educa tion does for them. this is why 1t is so necessary, 1t is life's greatest prep dration. and we yet have faith in the wisdom and management in the pow CTS that be to restore to Birmingham her splendid system of absolutely free schools and the usual term.
 The worlds greatest prize in the flu ture will go to the business man. The business man is our only scientist and to him we must look for a science of economics that will eradicate poverty, disease, superstition, all that dissipates and destroys"