davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-01-31
A7niStice Declared in Senate
Battle After 81 Hours Debate
NORTH DAKOTA WOMAN
REMAINS ACTIVE At
AGE OF 104 YEARS

Underwood, N. D., Jan. 3d..
On the farm of John Williams,
eight miles northeast Of Under
wood, lives his mother, 1O4 years
old. This is her true age and
and while she is adverse to pub
licity, the matter has already oc-
casioned lively debates and in
vestigatiOns as to her being
among the oldest if not the old
est woman in the country who
remains active about household
duties despite her advanced
years. Living on the same farm
are Mr.. and Mrs. Stevenson, aged
SO and 81 years respectively.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-01-31
City Normal Budget
TrimmedMore Than 100000;
Mayville School in Lime Light

Under the microscopic eye of the
La;hrop investigation committee, the
Valley City Normal appropria.
ton demands shrunk from $1S9,S00 to
about $4,000. This probably is the
amount that will be granted.
George "A. McFarland president of
the Valley City Normal spent all af
ternoon yesterday answering a cross
fire of questions. The questionable
was conducted by T. T. Twichell, ably
assited by Senator Kretschmar and
B. A. Dickinson.
Gets 5000 A Year.
Even President McFarland's salary
of $4,000 a year was thrust into the
legislative limelight., The>~Valley
City Normal head was asked what the
prevailing salaries were in Minnesota
and other states for heads Of institu-
tions of this type. He replied $4,000
and upward.
Defends His Salary.
Dr. Mcfarland defended the salary
on the ground that he had delivered
the goods and had brought the Valley
City school up to high point OF ef'
ficiency. He pointed to the years
when he worked for less and said
there was time when he worked
for the state for nothing and board
ed himself. "The committee did no.
get specific and the item passed with
the reference that the Minnesota nor.
NAL heads drew $4,000 a year. fle de.
clared that if the same endeavor had
been applied by him in other lines
of business, he would have done much
better financially.
Salary Then Discussed.
Considerable discussion waSed
around the salary item Of the institu-
ton which Dr. Mcfarland declared he
could cut if it were deemed advisable
to increase the number in the var
ious classes.
"You can't find any of the facul-
ty,' he said, floating at Valley City.
They are all kept busy"
The point was then raised as to
the number of hours an educator
should work.
CDR. McVey tells us, said Mr..
Twichell, that man OF intellectual
attainmen:s should not work more
than ten hours week, but the tax
payer in many instances has tc put
in fifteen hours day to pay this fell
low.
Dean Of Hog Sheds.
"a, the Agricultural College we
found a dean cf the hog sheds VIII"
was craving 1,Or) year for feed:rs
% hogs or an average cost of $50 per
arnum per hog.
I'VE have also found at the Uni
sity one professor working five hours
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-01-31
GENERAL VILLA IS
SLIGHTLY WOUNDED
Although Details of Shooting Are
Carefully Suppressed, Report
Has Been Made.

FL Paso. Texas, Jan. 3O-General
Villa was slightly wounded several
days ago at Aguas Calientes in a
shooting affair, the d stalls Of which
are carefully suppressed. This is re-
ported directly from Villas head
quarters by arrivals here today. Ru-
mors said Villa was shot by Colonel
Fierro, p personal body guard. The
shooting occurred at Hiscar in the
railroal yards, about the time Consul
Siliman teegraphed Washington that
Villa was seriously injured. No defi-
mite word of conditions in the inter-
ior has come the last couple days as
there is an embargo on railroad and
wire service.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-01-31
LATHROP COMMITTEE FOL-
LOWING OUT SUGGESTION
CONTAINED IN CHIEF Exc
CUTIVE'S MESSAGE.
ESTIMATES ARE }l,O62,oO0
Department Heads Will Be Called
On the Carpet Next to Show
Needs.

Governor Hanna's fearless mes
sage upon the financial condition Of
the state is now being supplemented
by the fearless work of the Lathrop
committee. It does not intend to
make a goat out of the educational
institutions, but every department
must cut down the frills and show
that it's demands for public funds
are based upon actual needs.
In,aN this work Governor Hanna
is in sympathy and it will be remem-
bered that his message specifically
recommended the creation of such a
committee to analyze the states
needs and to make the garment fit
the cloth. "
State officials who have been re-
garding the educational institutions
as "horrible examples" of extrava'
gance will feel the edge OF the legis-
lative axe upon their own pet appro-
priations and certain departments, If
not abolished entirely, will be curtail'
ed in expenditure.
Aggregate 81 ,o62, 900.
The miscellaneous estimates in the
hands Of the committee for running
the executive departments of the
state aggregate more than $1,O62,O0O.
This week the committee will COM
plete for a time the questioning of the
educators and turn their AZ centime-
ter guns upon the state officials.
No Respecter Of Persons. = Il.
"We are no respecter Of persons"
said member of the committee last
evening, there must be horizontal
cut in expenditures A study of the
situation shows that the cost of state
government began to soar about 1903
and has been on the up-grade ever
since. 1t is time to call halt. 1t
is not so much question of disclos
ing property for taxation or finding
new-fangled ways to raise revenue,
as one Of trying to run the state upon
the present income, which, if proper
ly administered, is large enough for
at least two years. ..
Committees Busy.
When the members Of the legisla.
ture convenes Tuesday they will fna
that the Lathrop committee has gath
cred mass of data OF utmost value
in arriving at the actual needs OF
the various departments. An attempt
will be made within the next week
or ten days to arrive at trial bal
a1ce and see just where the state
stands.
This week will see progress on the
tax commission investigation Let
ters have been sent out to every coun-
ty auditor, asking for the aggregate
amount Of property placed upon the
tax rolls by the commission. To date
the answers received have not been
encouraging. but the tax board prob
ers are reserving Judgment and none
will talk for publication. ..,-
The board of control investigation
will begin Thursday morning before
special joint committee. There will
then be three Joint committees going
into the general affairs Of the state.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-01-31
Senators Sleep in
Their Chairs in
Marathon Session
ADMINISTRATION LEADERS
BELIEVE BACKBONE OF
DEMOCRATS NOW BROKEN
SANE SHIP PURCHASE BILL
Senator Smith Relieves Colleague
in Fight and Attacks Dem
=. ocratic Tariff.

Washington, Jan. 30.-An armis'
tica in tho battle on the administers
ton shipping bill, in the senate, came
tonight, alter one of the most strenu'
GUS parliamentary struggles congress
has known in recent years. From ~
o'clock yesterday morning all through
the night and today, and into another
night, the contest proceeded with {:
spirit of determination and both sides
desperate, until the Wearied leaders
agreed to a recess at midnight until
40 o'clock Monday morning. Always
just ahead was the final vote on the
shipping bill which would break the
deadlock and release the blockade OF
legislation.
Leaders Predict Let.up.
Physical endurance alone remained
to hold back the taking of the vote.
Although the democrats proposed the
recess over Sunday to interrupt the
81 hours continuous debate, the ad-
ninistration leaders insisted the &C.
tion meant for let-up in their deter.
mination to press the bill
Arraiens Democratic Tariff.
Late in the day Senator Alden
Smith of Michigan relieved his re.
publican colleague, who had been
holding the floor since early morning,
when Senator Smoot concluded an ali
night speech Smith bitterly arraign-
ed the ADMINISTRATORS policy ana
painted gloomy word picture of bus
mess conditions in the country under
the democratic tariff era. "A record
breaking mortality followed the en-.
actment of that tariff, he said, and
ha characterized the shipping bill as
"the fifth administration folly"
Throughout the long day and night
session the situation was tense. Many
senators slept In their seats. Steady
speechmaking with here and there a
flash of wit or bitterness, indicated
the tense undercurrents of the de.
bate. -
Is Wisely Discussed.
The diplomatic phases of the pro-
posed purchase of ships by the Amer
ic2n government was widely disussed
as a result of the publication Of a re-
port that Sir Edward Grey informed
the state department that such pur-
chases of including the German and
Austrian ships, would be regarded as
constituting an unneutral act
The state officials stated no such
message was received from Sir Ed
ward.
The right of the United States to
purchase vessels hitherto under BEL
ligerent flag is vigorously upheld by
Tho r.fficio1c Of tho 1opo ri n, ont oftor
an exhaustive study of precedents.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-01-31
HEAVY SENTENCE
FOR 1WENTY.SEVEN
St. Louis. Federal District Court
Furnishes 0leomargarine
Tax Dodgers.

St. Louis, Mo-, Jan. 3O.-Twenty.
seven have been sentenced in the
federal district court to heavy fines
or Imprisonment, Or both, for viola.
ton of the law imposing the tax OF,
colored oleomargerine. Eight Of the
q had been convicted by juries and
19 had pleaded guilty. Most Of the
men sentenced today were fined $1,000
each. One was fined $4,000 All but
one were given prison sentences rang
ing from 80 days to three and hal;
years.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-01-31
EMPLOYMENT FOR
100000 IN Spring
Spring Building Operations in
Chicago Will Relieve Situa-
ton There.

Chicago, Jan. 3O.-Employment will
be given 100000 men in Chicago when
spring building operations are begun
on April /, according to an estimate
today by E. NJ. Craig, president of the
Building Construction Employers as
sociation: .&g&
Projects which will employ the
largest number of men, it was said
will be the $65,OO0,009 Union railroad
passenger terminal, the new Field
Museum of Natural History and sew
eral sky-scrapers. Between 10000
and 25,OO0 men will be employed
building the railway terminal, it was
said.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-01-31
NO SHORTAGE OF LUMBER.

Kansas City. Mo-, Jan. 30.-"Lum
ber is the only commodity that is
used thrse times as fast as it grows
J. R. Moorehead of Lexington. Mo.
said at the convention of the South
western Lumbermen's association
here today. "The price is bound to
advance as timber lands become more
valuable he continued. Mr.. Moore
head assertsd there would be nc
shortage of lumber soon, however
and no immediate advancement in
prices.
"Ths conservation program that
was urged upon congress created er
roneous ideas in the minds of the
people, he said. For many years
the country will he able to produce
all the lumber required
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-01-31
Cost of State Government
Is Due for Big Reduction
POSTPONE OPENING
OF PANAMA CANAL
UNTIL NEXT JUNE

Washington, Jan. 30.-Formal
notice of the postponement Of the
opening of the Panama canal from
March to July was today sent to
all foreign governments to whom
invitations were extended. The
American diplomatic corps abroad
were notified "on account of the
stress of public business, the pres
ident is unable to take part in the
ceremonies on the dates original.
ly selected
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-01-31
NAMED GENERAL MANAGER.

Superior. Wis. Jan. 30.-C. o. jerks
Of this city, general superintendent
CT the Lake district of the Gr rat
Northern railroad, yesterday was ap-
pointed to succeed w. D. Scott, gen.
eral manager of the Spokane, Port
land & Seattle railroad. who died sew
eral days ago. Mr.. jerks received
wire to this effect Yesterday from l..
&. Gilman. president of the S., P. =
S.
The appointment is to 60 into effect
at once
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-01-31
SIX nUR1 WHEN
TRAIN LEFT RAILS
North Bound Chicago, Milwaukee
and St. Paul Train in Ditch
Near Milwaukee.

Milwaukee, Wis, Jan. 30.-Six pei
sons were injured, though none be
lieved fatally when a northbou1d Chi
cago, Milwaukee and st Paul passen
ger train left the rails 10 miles south
of Milwaukee. The accident is said
to be due to defective rail. Steel
coaches prevented more serious ac-.
cident.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-01-31
BAl1LESDIP Death
TOLL IS CLIMBING
Ralph Glidden Of Indianapolis Is
Ninth Victim of Ill Fated
"San Diego.

On Board the United States Ship
San Diego, via Wirelass, San Diego,
Jan. 30.-The explosion aboard the
flagship San Diego" ON January II
claimed another victim with the death
of Ralph Glidden, fireman, of Indian.
apolis. His death is the ninth and
four more are seriously injured.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-01-31
zAPATA FORCES DEFEATED.
RAILWAY ASSOCIATION MEETS.

nN'IVH! V0oooH ~ ~,
Washington, Jan. 3O.-The Amerl-
can Electric Railway association be-
gan it's sixth mid-year meeting here
today with delegates in attendance
from throughout the country.
President Wilson was on the pro.
gram for an address at the afternoon
session.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-01-31
factors
,IN POOR MEXICO
Carranza, Villa, and Zapata
Movements Add to Strange
COnG1c<os1E.

Washington, D. C., Jan. 3O.-Gen-
era Obregon rules at Mexico City in
the name OF General Carranza, who is
at Vera Cruz. General Villa is at
Aguas Calientes; Zapata at Cuerna-
vaca. while the whereabouts of Gen.
erals CARO- or Gutierrez, the late ex-
ecutive heads of the capital are un
known.
Three distinct movements, each in
dependent of the other, are in the
field, with the forces varying in mag
nitude Carranza at the head of
large party of original constitutional
forces will remain at Vera Cruz,
which is understood to continue as
the capital of his government. The
forces of Zapata menace the line OF
communication between Vera Cruz
and Mexico City are still said to be
working harmoniously with General
Villa under the authority of the con.
vention government.
zAPATA FORCES DEFEATED.
Mexico City, Jan. 30.-The Zapata
forces have been defeated and driven
back from Hermita, near Tacubay, a
suburb of this city. Carranza adher-
ents are still pursuing the defeated
troops. The capital remains quiet.
General Cbregon issued decree this
afternoon declaring void all paper
money issued during the Villa re-
gime.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-01-31

Continued on page 4
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-05-02

lief which will come to prevail that the schools are of the people, for the people and by the people. and the abiding convic- ton that the people are the repositories of their children's welfare
 "'It remains for the taxpayers of Ala bama to say whether she shall accept the doctrine of democracy in education, and let them forever remember that any gov ernment by whatever name it may be called that prevents the people from inn proving their conditions Is despotic and undemocratic.
 Are we too poor to maintain schools? '"rhe man who says so is the perpetuator of poverty. It is the doctrine which has kept us poor, which has driven more men and more wealth from the state and kept more away than any political doctrine ever cost us.
 Are we too poor to maintain schools? "The man who says so is the promoter of crime; for every dollar we save in edu- cation we shall spend five in prosecutions In prisoners, in penal settlements lg- norance, unproductiveness and crime are antagonistic to society. A good teacher, good schoolhouse and good equipment are their deadly foes. The means with which to banish them from every community m Alabama depend upon the successful issue of the local tax amendment
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-05-02

per cent in Alabama to a maximum or 5i per cent in Massachusetts. and the pro- portion derived from state taxes varies from minimum of nothing in eight states to maximum of 70 per cent in Ala bama Does not the fact that the Ala bama practice runs directly counter to the general practice in the United States coupled with the low standing of our state in education, suggest that our meth cd of raising revenue should undergo rigid investigation and perhaps radical reorganization?
 Tn the transition from that conception of education which regard it as per sonal benefit for which those who re- ceived it should pay, to the present dem- ocratic theory that it IS a public benefit for which the public should pay, some principles have became so well defined that they are universally accepted as automatic.
 Religion, morality and knowledge being necessary to good government and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall forever be en- coGraged.'
 But the indulgence of the greater num- Der disabling them from educating 6, their own expense those of their children whom nature has fitly formed and dis posed to become useful instruments of the public, it is better that such should be sought TOT ana educated at tne common expense of all than that the happiness of all should be confided to the weak ol the wicked"
 "The wealth of the state should be taxed to educate the children of ihf statevNA free common school education ia thA birthright of every American child, End this should be provided tol by the taxation of property withoa' | reference to whether the owner has chil dren to be educated or not. "rhe increased cost of living and tho steadily increasing number and scope l of educational activities have rendered 1 1t necessary that larger expenditure | be made for schools than in the past | It therefore becomes imperative that all communities in the United State. recognize. as many have already done
 that more money must be contributed
 and expended for schools, both localll
 and by the state. if our young peool'
 are to have that kind and quality o | education demanded by the times.
 "The mark of the true patriot i 1 found in a willingness to pay jus l share of tax for the support of th
 government and the education of tn 1 people.
 Tn the light of these principles an'
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-05-02
EAG|N HOLDS UP { MIRROR FOR STATE ID VIEW ITSELF Points Out Alabama's Awful Shortcomings in Matter } of Education EFFORTS MADE TO
 IMPROVE SITUATION Tells What the Legislature Has Done and Tells the People Why They
 Should Rally to Support
 of Provision

w. F. Feagin, state superintendent of education of Alabama, spoke peicf' the Jefferson County Teachers ass' ciation here yesterday and held up th' mirror so that Alabama could see clear ,v her shortcomings in education H:' address deserves the attention Of evef' thoughtful citizen interested in 'e' states welfare.
 otber features of the meeting beslde MT. Feagins address were ihus' cal programme presented by Roper .avrence of the Southern School of Musi c.lsArt and Miss Lucille Crozier and tn' election of officers.
 ELI. Moore of Boyles was chosen presi dent; Forney Reese of Irondaae secretars with the following vice presidents; J. , Renson of Huffman and J. A. Harper ol Shades, Valley
 There was a short address by P. M McNeill. county superintendent, and a re port from Mrs F. P. Erwin, president o' the County School Improvement associa ton, and the meeting adjourned unt' the next scholastic year.
 MT. Feagin's address was In part as TOT lows. --s-...--...
 "Someone has said that 1t ought no' to be necessary to discuss al iehs'u with any right feeling man the righ' . of every child to have the chance tc make the most of his God given fac rlties by education and the duty or the state and of the community to give him his chance by providing adequate means for his education.
 sIn endeavoring to determine wheth' CT or not Alabama's public school sys kr.em measures up to such an ideal, thre' lines of inquiry are parallel.
 q. How many children are in schoo pnd how many are out of school?
 \"2 What character of teachers ar employed in the schools?
 "s What kind of school buildings an' equipment are in use?
 If we are in earnest about exam ming into our conditions and seek .E underlying causes for our present hum tle status, we shall not have to g very far to discover them. . | d. Poor attendance: We have ~ ! Alabama 4S2551 white children o school age and more than one~fifth 0 them O., in round numbers. 50.o0O. di ot so much as enter school for d singl cav last year. Those who did go at tended for only thfee-fourths of -h time the schooAs were in session en if the aggregate number of days at tended could have been parcelled ou anao1g all the white children of schoo 1Lge the share Of each would have bee hut GO days. This is only another wa of saving in the final analysis that or schools are at best not quite half efficient as they ought to be in hrih 7 ing an education within the reach o onr sons and daughters or in bring'nl cur sons and daughters within th reach of an education.
 % Snort school terms: Only fiv states fall below Alabama in the nuHl her of days the public schools are ore each wear. Our average school terr for white children is only 1S5 days an