davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
FEED FOR THE DRAFT F0ALs
Youngster Makes one-haIf His Mature
Weight First Year Of His Life
Ration From Wisconsin.

The feeding of draft foals is q very
important matter. One only appre-
ciates this when he realizes the fact
that a draft foal makes one-half his
mature weight the first year Of his
life. The foal must be fed, not starved.
II he is to develop into q good draft
horse. The foal fed an improper and
unpalatable ration the first winter
usually has a big middle and two very
poorly developed ends.
Considerable attention has been
given to feeding draft foals at the
University of Wisconsin the last few
years. At one year Of age they have
weighed from 1000 to 1000 pounds.
These foals were NALL accustomed to a
small amount Of grain before five
months Of age when they were weaned.
After weaving they were given the
following ration until turned on grass
at about thirteen months Of age.
Ration for 100 pounds mixed feed:
65 pounds crushed oats, Is pounds
corn meal, 10 pounds bran. Is pounds
finely cut alfalfa or clover.
They were fed all Of this mixture
they would eat three times a day
and were given no hay other than that
in the mixture until they were about
one year old. The amount of this
mixture eaten per foal per day varied
from 9 to Is pounds GO to 80 quarts)
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11

according TO age. Much OF the a.,
the feed was dampened and dhoroushly
mixed before feeding. The ADVANTAGES
or the damp mixture seemed to be the
variety Of wholesome feed and the
relish with which it was slowly and
thoroughly chewed.
Where one cannot feed SO varied a
mixture as that described, a ration of
Z0 per cent bran, cut alfalfa or cut
clover with 80 per cent crushed oats
fed as described will prove very efrec.
tive. Foals do not appear to be able
TO make as good use Of whole oats and
hay as an older horse. When fed
those feeds separately and whole they
eat less feed and have a greater ten.
dency to pot belly"
1t Is a practice Of some successful
Wisconsin breeders to feed literally
pran and crushed oats for grain three
times per day and hay and sorghum
stalks each once per day for roughaee.
combinations such as marsh hay and
corn should be avoided. Although corn
siiage can be fed to idle horses it
should only be given in a very limited
way or not at all to foals.
One cannot economize by limited
feeding OF the foal. What one saves
In feed the first year he sacrifices
from nve to ten times in the final
value OF the animals. Only we'll bred
draft foals are capable Of making 1000
pounds at one year and developing
into good draft horse. 1t generally
does not pay to practice liberal feed.
ing with mongrel or scrub animals
lor there Is but little margin between
the hnal value Of the animal and the
cost Of feed consumed.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
GIVE BROOD sow ATTENTION
AZ Farrowing Time Approaches AMI.
mai Should BE Placed In Sep
arate, Roomy, Clean Pen.
ey J. FULLER.)


Healthy sows that have been prop.
erly cared for during pregnancy will
have little difficulty at narrowing time.
They should be housed in proper
quarters and up to narrowing time
have their usual feed. Knowing the
date the SOW was bred, the date she
Is due to farrow can be determined
easily. The period of CESSATION for
swine ranges from 112 to 116 days.
AS narrowing time approaches, the
SOW should be put into a clean, roomy
pen In hog house or into a separate
portable pen. When the udder of the
SOW becomes distended and milk can
Dc drawn from tho teats. she may be
expected to farrow in about "a hours.
She should be watched closely now IN
see that ter bowels are operating in
the proper manner and that she NAV
De comfortable. At this time q slop
ration Is better than a dry feed.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
COMFORT FOR SETTING HEN
enoa'd Be Guarded Against Fussv
work OF Laying Fowis-Pian for
Arranging the Nest.

IN setting hen well one must 400
tnat every surrounding is the best DOS.
slole. That the nest is not too deem
and rounding in the bottom, but near
~ nat, with rounded sides SO that the
eggs will lie in single layer and NOT
pile upon each other in a manner thot
Is more than likely to cause them to
get broken.
., IN cold weather it is a good plan tn
line the nest box first with paper then
tne nesting straw or chafr. This pre-.
vents the cold from getting to the eggs
so easily from below.
1t is essential that the setter ha
guarded against the fussy work of the
laying hens. A laying hen using tho
same nest will soon break up all noss;.
bility Of good hatch.
On the other hand, the setter must
not be confined SO closely that sha
cannot come of at will to feed ana
dust herself.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
PICKED UP IN THE HOG LOT
oVererowdins is Anything but Eco
nomieal Plan-AIfaifa Furnishes
Excellent Grazing for Pigs.

Do not keep too many pigs together
and compel them to sleep in one nest.
The most economical gains in pis
feeding are obtained by a judicious
blending OF nitrogenous and carbo.
naceous foods.
Crossing may improve the hogs for
the feed lot alone, but not for the Dur.
pose OF perpetuating their kind.
Every hog grower should make a
great effort to have a few acres of al.
falfa, because it furnishes unusually
valuable grazing for hogs, and can bs
pastured of several times during the
season.
There Is nothing more disgusting
than to have lot OF unruly hogs run.
ming at large about the farm buildings.
With modern woven wire fence, Il IA
easy to confine them within their
proper limits.
There is nothing gained by mixing
corn meal with chopped alfalfa, except
TO insure larger consumption.
The longer any herd or family of
hogs Is subjected to q ration of corn
or confined to small pens and barren
yards the lower will be their vitality
and prolihcacy.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
USE ONLY GOOD INcUBAToRs
MANY Little Details Require Skill and
intelligence In Operating Ma.
chino Successfully.

Homemade incubators are NOT gen.
orally desirable. since they are sel.
oom scientifically adjusted. nor made
OF pest material. nor properly fitted uu.
ihe lamp. its burner. its wick. its
chimney, Its location for heating. AN
require skill and intelligence. So doe.
the body of the incubator, as reRula.
Tor, ventilation. the moisture supplies
and the tray.
Do not buy from any old firm or
ouy any discarded machine. Get tba
best by test and give it the best fiat
Is IN you. Then keep a record ~
natcnes from both hens and incubator
and compare results. not forgettine
that your hen is free to Law arain
while her first eggs are hatchinr
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11

creep for Feeding Small Piss-LIt-
tie Pigs Begin to Fat at From Three
to Four Weeks Of Age and Should be
provided With a Separate Enclosure
From the Sows.
separately by penning OF a small
space on the feeding floor or hog lot
where the young pigs have access to
tne iced. The feed should be given
IN small trough which can be
cleaned easily before each feeding.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
WINTER WORK IN ORCHARDS
When Ground 10 Frozen 10 Favorable
Tine for Hauling and Spreading
Manure-Add Bone Meal.

Inc winter when the ground is
frozen hard Is q favorable season for
hauling out with cart or sled the ma
nure needed. In spring the ground
is TOO soft to haul over and other
WORK is too pressing; the result 10
THIS important matter Is put OF for
another year. The manure should be
hauled and spread evenly over the
ground. Do not place directly around
the trunks; 1t only affords a harbor
for mice and insects. The manure
should be rotted and from granted
cattle or horses. Straw and corn
stalk. mixed with little animal ma
nure, Is poor stun and Is only valuable
as q mulch. This kind of manure
should be hauled out to the orchard
and piled. Mix a half.bushel Of raw
bone meal In each two-horse wagon
loadof manure as it is piled and make
compact heap. which will soon rot
dowh. and, when we'll rotted, should
be spread. About one to two bushels
Is the proper quantity for each large
tree The manure should be spread
In q circle as far out as the branches
extend.
Practical growers are now using
from 400 to 800 pounds Of animal bone
and potash fertilizer per acre. rhe
fertilizer is drilled in with rye IN the
early fall, the rye is turned under IN
ApIHfor green manure. This meth
cd p found to be the cheapest and
best method Of fertilizing the orchard,
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
Color Affects Price

The color Of eggs has something to
10 with their sale in most markets.
Some prefer the brown tints and some
the white. In preparing baskets for
sale 1t is we'll to cater to these tastes.
Put all browns in one basket. all
whites In another. Paper cartons for
transportation, holding one dozen
eggs, can be had at paper dealers.
Brown shelled eggs are apt to be large.
since most OF the larger breeds of
fowls lay colored eggs. Color really
has nothing to do with contents.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
81f|lfifR1n}fEfH4 8fRnf@;ERf8HF4ks

Impure water will not produce many
eggs OF any kind. and none that are
good.
II eve is constipated put her In
the hospital pen and give her more lin.
seed meal.
II a sheep has snuffies It is a sure
sign OF exposure or mismanagement
somewhere.
The fertilizer problem is getting n
% big one and could be greatly re-
duced by keeping more stock and sell.
ing less hay and straw.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11

Fencing In the Feed Lot-PortabIe
Fences arc Almost Indispensable In
the Hog Lot.
The farrowing pen should be SUD-
piled with fresh, dry. clean and dust
less bedding. Fine rye. wheat or oat
straw or shredded corn fodder makes
excellent bedding. but barley straw
and wood shavings should not be
used. Dusty beds are likely to cause
coughing or pneumonia. Individual
sows differ as to the amount OF bed.
ding needed at farrowing. Some make
bad use of 1t and should be given but
little: others can be allowed q liberal
supply. Little pigs are very sensitive
to the cold and If they arrive during
the cold weather they must be given
special attention to prevent them
from getting chilled.
A SOW should be kept quiet and fed
very little during the first "a hours
after farrowing. She should be al.
lowed drinking water, and when she
shows signs Of hunger q limited
amount Of . thick slop ration, largely
OF bran. may be given her. This will
satisfy her appetite. and keen her
digestive tract open and IN the proper
condition. Now. II 10 much better to
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
FOWLS DEMAND PROPER FOOD
Green Feed, Meat Scraps, Grain and
Lime Are Required-Fresh Water
10 Also Necessary.

Laying hens. like the milch COW. de-
mand proper food. A mixed ration
comprising green feed. meat scrap and
grain. will, with the addition of lime
in some form. supply all that is re-
quired. Fresh water is also a neces.
sity. Chaff from alfalfa or clove- af.
lords green food. The former, ground
ready for use. may now be bought by
the pound. Hens eat 1t readily. Being
rich in protein it is better for laying
fowls than most forms Of green food.
and makes necessary less meat In the
ration.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
Immature Breedlno-

by breeding the heifer at less than
Two years OF age you are sure of get
ting her to producing something at an
early age. but you are also sure that
she has been stunted before she
reached maturity: that her calf will
not be as large and vigorous as It
should be and that she cannot possibly
produce as much milk as she would
had she bsen bred at a period when
her capacity for production was
nearer perfect development.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
1py40olOeldly ~ -. 80 - -. - 49,

@h scale is thorough treatment
with hme-sulphurt mixture late in the
winter or early the spring, before
the buds begin I'd open on the trees.
II the commercial concentrated lime.
sulphur mixtures are used they may
be diluted in the proportion of about
one part of the concentrated prepare.
tion to ten parts Of water. II home.
made lfme-sulphur sprays are used,
probably there is no better formula
than the following:
Good lump lime, Is pounds;
Flowers Of sulphur, Is pounds:
Water, so gallons.
The lime should be slaked In warm
water and. as soon as the shaking has
been well started. the sulphur should
be added and enough water kept in
the receptacle to keep the mass thin
ana sloppy. Boil for at least forty.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
Protect Grapes From MIldew.

no protect grapes from mildew
wnicn may or may not attack them
tney should be busted or sprayed
with sulphur. For a few vines or The
iamiiy vineyard II good way is to put
tne sulphur in piece Of burlap or
gram bag and shake the sulphur over
the vines. A sprayer which will
lorce the sulphur among the leaves
effective.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11

If he can, and before he starts out for
himself, he should take q course at
some recognized poultry school. After
he has learned the ways of the flock
he may have some assurance Of sue
cess. But many mistakes and failures
are sure to beset the path of the inex-
perienced.
Many poultry men fail to market
correctly. They either get too far
away from the market or try to force
themselves upon an overcrowded mar
ket. And they often fail to put their
goods up in attractive packages and
do not advertise efficiently. A good
understanding Of the market condi-
tions Of a given locality is essential
in building up a trade there.
1t is absolutely essential to have
good stock to start with. No poultry
man need expect to have any success
II he starts out with a flock Of board
ers. The stock need not be pure bred.
but 1t must be good enough to mere
than pay for its keep.
The flock must be improved by care
ful selection and by the introduction
OF new strains when necessary. Each
brood Of chicks must be better than
the last If the poultry business is to
be a success. The boarders and the
stragglers must be culled out Con-
slant improvement is the surest road
| to success.
! A very common cause of failure is
just plain neglect-neglect In cleaning
up the house; neglect in spraying and
In fighting lice and mites. There is no
excuse for this kind OF failure. The
| poultry man should be continually on
guard against insects and diseases.
And above all, he must always keep
his house and his birds clean.
All Of these causes Of failure may be
summed up in one word. And that
word is "Mismanagement" The three
great laws Of success in poultry may
be summed up 40 follows: Get some
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
WeIEEed Hen PAW

Are you going t. allow the price OF
grain to cause you to underfeed your
chickens? Better sell them now. It
does not take half-starved hen long
to eat her head on. The well-fed hen
will lay enough eggs to more than
pay her keep.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11

keep her hungry than to overfeed her.
IN fact. the only way to keep early
spring pigs from growing too rapidly
and becoming too fat when the sows
are confined is to feed the sows spar
ingly.
Under ordinary conditions when
sows and pigs are given plenty of ex-
ercise' the feed may be gradually in
creased until from ten days to two
weeks after farrowing a liberal feed
ing OF a heavy ration is being given.
"nen the pigs are from four to six
weeks old they will begin to eat with
the sows. They should be fed
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11

Every failure in the poultry busi-
ness can be tn aced, according to James
g. Halpin. poultry man at the Wiscon-
sin College OF Agriculture. to one or
more Of the following reasons:
1. Too expensive and too impractical
buildings. Flocks do not require cost
ly equipment, and Of course the poul-
try man must pay interest on his in
vestment.
2. Lack OF experience and failure to
raise chicks properly. Many a man has
jumped into the poultry business with
little or no experience, and naturally
has lost money in his plunging.
3. Failure to market right. To pro-
duce superior product is not enough.
1t must be advantageously marketed.
4. Starting with poor stock. 1t costs
little or no more to start with profit
producing stock than it does with in
ferior fowls.
8. Neglect in improving breeding
stock. By carefully selecting the hens
and mating them with we'll chosen
males more improvement will be Sc.
cured.
6. Neglect in cleaning. Filth is q
certain cause Of loss to the poultry
man.
z. Neglect in fighting lice and mites
These pests are source Of heavy loss
to all who do not fight them.
6. Poor management. Like every
other business. poultry raising re
quires close attention to details.
Should Go Slow.
The more common cause of failure
is too heavy investment. Many farm
ers start with expensive buildings a.
soon as they get the hen fever" They
run into debt, become discouraged
after few mistakes. and quit tn,
business. 1t is wiser to patch up tn,
old poultry house and make improve
ments gradually as your profits war
rant the expenditure. All amateur poul
try man should 30 slow and build NJ
i hfu Heaoir 4x,osa
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
leas Of eirds for sh.,..

II show birds have rough legs, band.
age them in cloths spread with vase.
line, for q week before the show
washing them first, of course. Th>
Vaseiine leaves q stain on the feath.
ers which Is hard to get out in the
wash. SO be careful to push the featS.
ers back and bandage under Them
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11

have a keen appetite for their next
feeding. Watch their droppings to
see that no food passes through them
undigested.
Watch results closely from any
new line of feeding that may be in
troduced. Never make too sudden or
radical a change in the line Of feed.
ing practiced. Treat the cows kindly,
feed them regularly. milk them at
regular hours and. II possible, always
have the same person milk them.
In increasing grain ration we
should never increase 1t more than
one-half pound a day. In this way
the cows digestive organs have an
opportunity to become adjusted to
the change and are able to take care
of the additional amount Of feed. In
this way you can safely increase her
feed until she is obtaining all that
she can economically handle.
Care must be exercised that we do
not feed 30 much grain food that there
Is no room or appetite left for coarse
folders.
Coarse folders are highly essential
in preserving the health Of the COW
and not tending toward making fat.
AS a general proposition it will be
| found a safe rule to follow to feed
twice as many pounds of hay as we
do grain. The COW that Is being fed
eight pounds of grain q day should
have sixteen pounds Of good hay.
| II ensilage Is being fed we must
count three or four pounds Of that
equal to one pound of hay or dry
fodder.
Methods of preserving ensilage are
better understood and the prejudice
against milk and butter from cows
that are fed ensilage is fast disappear
Ing. Succulent FOODS and c0mforta6iS
barns are the making Of maximum
yields in winter practicable, and this
coupled with higher prices for mill
and its products makes 1t more profit
able for us to practice all-the-year
around dairying.
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
SPRAY FOR SAN JOSE SCALE
Best Remedy for Pest 10 Thorough
Treatment With Lime-suIphur Mix
ture Late In Winter.

(By G. p. GILLETTE, Colorado Expert
~ ment Station.)
Ssn Jose scale is one Of The worst
pests attacking orchard trees IN this
country. 1t is extremely important
that5orchards should be so treated as
to uterminate the scale from them
andpreyent its spread to surrounding
9GceardA
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
Fruit for Homa LIE.

IN pruning fruit trees for home use
iet .nere be no varieties Of inferior
quaaty selected. There Is nothing too
SOU .or the home use. It is a pleas
ure 70 hunt out th{se good things
sna . take an inte rest In getting
orsh.rI. s faFtsd in the Home garden and
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11

Tne next most common cause of fall
ure Is lack Of experience. No one
should enter the poultry business on
hand without any experience in rails
ing chicks. He should serve an ap-
premiership on some poultry farm. or
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
(By R. @. wEATHERsroNE.)

(By r. @. WEATHERSTONE)
In all sections where dairying is be-
ing conducted cattle foods are each |
year becoming more costly and every
dairyman should make every effort to
reduce the cost Of his cow feeds.
Instead Of feeding hay that ia worth
nfteen dollars q ton he should re-
place a large portion Of 1t with en-
silage, which can be raised chiefly
by machine labor
Instead OF supplementing a poor
pasture with purchased grain foods
he should raise oats and peas, green
corn and other green soiling crops.
Instead OF buying fattening foods
like corn meal he should buy milk
producing foods like bran, cottonseed
meal and gluten meal. AS q rule 1t is
most profitable to buy the kind that
will produce the most protein at the
least cost.
Make the business as self-support-
Ing as possible by raising as much of
the feed for the dairy as your farm
and circumstances will allow.
Many of the failures in dairying are
due to the fact that farmers disre-
gard these points and 60 out and buy
grain foods without discriminating
judgment.
To keep good cows and feed them
good, wholesome food in abundance
and provide this food cheaply Is alb
solutely necessary If we make a sub
stantial profit from the business.
There is no rule for feeding dairy
cows that can be laid down, that will
apply to all cows alike; and still the
success Of the herd will depend large
ly upon procuring the best produc-
tion at the lowest cost from each COW.
sA qws yAfould gbP fed to their ,capac-
many feeders do nOt seem to realize
what we mean when we speak of a
dairy cows capacity.
we should study our COWS closely.
watch their feed boxes to see that
they clean up all Of their feed and
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11
Onions for Poultry

onions make an excellent feed ana.
chopped hne and fed to the poultry %.
casionally during the winter, win -.
terially help to keep them in xood -.
dition. -
Cheraw chronicle. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, 1915-03-11

improve your stock. And keep clean
all the time. The only cure for MT.
management is common sense, and the
farmer who expects to make a suc.
cess out OF poultry should keep a good
stock of 1t with him.