davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-14
LORD DEFREYNE, ONCE
U. SOLDIER, KILLED
Fifth OF Line and Brother.
Both in Same Regiment.
Fall in Battle.
Special Gable Despatch 10 ruw suS.


LONDON. May l3.--It is officially an
nounced that Lord De Freyne, the NTH
Baron and Captain in the Third Battal-
ion OF the South Wales Borderers. and
his brother, the Hon. George Philip.
Lieutenant in the same regiment, have
been killed in battle
Lord De Freync served az an en-
listed man in tho United states army
In the Philippines, lie succeeded to the
title In 1918.
Lord De Freyne. who was born in
1879, was the Hon. Arthur Reginald
when in 1906 he resigned his COM
mission as Lieutenant In the Royal
Fusiiers He came to New York and
enlisted az "A private In the Eighth
United States Infantry.
There had been some family trouble.
He had married the daughter OF an inn
keeper a short time before. and his
father, the fourth Baron. had cut off his
allowance with the threat of entirely
dlsinheritng him. Then, too, the mar.
riagc was not altogether happy. The
young man came TO this country, enlisted
and Went to the Philippines when the
Eighth Infantry did its tour Of duty in
the islands,
After his term OF enlistment expired
the young nobleman became trader on
the island OF Mindanao and he was en-
gagged there when his father died in
1913. lie returned to his ancestral home
and castle in Ireland, came into about
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-14
SIX HURT AT FIRE.
Firemen struck by Falling Wall In
AaOO.OOO Newnrk HING.

NEWARK. n. j., May 14,--Fire early
this morning destroyed the George Stem
gel leather manufacturing plant at Penn
sylvania Railroad avenue and Weston
avenue, in the Waverly section of the
city, 1t Is believed the loss will reach
100000,
The plant consists of several four
story brick buildings and employs about
200 men. Deputy Chief NJ. =. McDer-
mott and five iiremon We're caught under
a falling rear wall. All We're severely
injured and were rushed to hospitals.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-14
GARTER ROLL DEGERMANIzED.
George v. Deletes Names Of Two
kaisers ana other Enemies.

spec'df Cdoie Despatch TO THE StS.
LONDON. May 13.--The Collese Of
Arms announces that King George has
directed that the following names be
struck from the roll OF knights Of the
Carter
Tho Emperor Of Austria. the German
emperor. the King Of wurttemberg.
the German Crown Prince. the Grand
Duke Of, Iiesse. Prince Henry Of Prus-
sla. the Duke Of Saxe-Coburg- Gothi
and the Duke OF Cumberland.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-14

The Ambassador
DLEAsE Minister
to him this communication, a
In the authorities violation Of
American
sinking
hundred American citizens their desr
able
situation which has resulted.
The sinking Of the British Faiaba
submarine March IS through which
Gushing by German acceptance the orpedns May of the Amer
a
citizens their death finally the and
sinking the steamship Lutana constitute
Recalling enlightened
sumed by the Imperial German Government matters international
field of international obligation always engaged the side of justice
of humane action prescribed by the naval codes of other nations the Gov
absolutely contrary
practices and the spirit of modern warfare could the
sanction of that Government
Feel. Frankness I. Best.
Imperial
Imperial which
pressons vndae
Government
The apprised
off
methods of warfare
which they have warned neutral ships
such danger
the rights American shpmase
and that hold the Imperial to a
Government question
rights II the rman
o
Of Of
lawfully jeopardy
other nations do the obligation
whether in
Of
a
Rules Of Justice Broken.
The Government of the United
the the objection
$
practically
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-14
HEAR Won T1RPrTz HAS QUIT.
Copenhagen Despatch says Lust
tania sinking Caused Reclamation,

The New York American prints this
morning the following despatch from
Copenhagen:
1T Is reported here that Admiral Won
Tirpltz has resigned because OF a dis
agreement with the German Admiralty
over the sinking of the Lusitania."
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-14
Barnes shows seIf-ControI.

SuONb
Mr. Barnes approached his task with
out excitement, without visible anger:
with no apparent vindictiveness. with
no obvious hatred. These emotions
seemed 20 have worked out O. him in
hls long weeks of waiting for chance
10 be heard.
The man had changed marvellously
over night. Yesterday he was morose.
irritable, unspproachablc. as he had
been all through the ordeal OF accu-
saiion and insinuation. To-day he was
cheerful, sef-controlled and with "A smile
and gay salute for any pssserby. Ii
was as clear as sunlight that Mr.. Barnes
was boyishly happy over his opportunity
to speak out in his own defence.
Rarely has such an Interesting con-
tast been seen in court room than
mat which existed between the recent
bearing and behavior upon the witness
stand Of Col. Roosevelt and the bearing
and behavior of Mr.. Barnes to-day.
lhey had in common one emphatic phys
zeal distinction and one impressive
mental characteristic.
Both are big men. the most stalwart
ana musculsrly powerful of any in the
,lal throng. Both possess an eNtraor-
'Ihory personality--the faculty OF
making cUmmonplaces and old stories
colorlu aud newly vital; but there the
resemblance ended.
Where the Colonel was clamorous.
E.si'ulative, uncomfortable. ioquacious.
MI. l'arncs was calm. restrained. soft
spoken, lacnuic. The COlonel's testimony
exploded like shrapnel. Mr., Barness
testimony fell like the gentle rains OF
spring
inc Colonel questioned the court. ad-
mon''E the lawyers, harangued the
lN' Mr.. Barnes followed the guild
'N'' 81 Mr WINS in every particular.
seldom spoke directly toward the jury,
conserved his words as II every one was
precious and had the manner of one
VINO quietly dictates brief business let
'ors
VI here the Colonel revealed and re-
ip'''d ia the business OF testifying Mr..
Barnes showed trace of embarrass-
h'n' and suggestion of regret, rs II
Wc whole business was distasteful.
bnrnes Takes the stand.
Mr.. Barnes was called to the stand
Jus, before noon. Mr.. Twins, after dis
r9slng Of several minor witnesses.
S'ahc"d toward his client.
Nv right I'm ready at any time"
sdla Mr. Barnes. quite audibly. He
arose and walked briskly to the wit
- chair, Justice Andrews turned
coward him with the pleasant smile
greeting that the Justice gives every
witness.
The Jurors stirred in their seats, The
nuhz Of the court room died to nothing
I"le had come back to the case. Inter-
est had been revltalized> by another big
personal element.
A. has been said, Mr.. Barnes Is a
-----------------. 80
Con Itn,nxH n.. LxtSh Me-.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-14
WOn't Change Plans.

There is little doubt that they Nil
offer money PREPARATION and possibly
satisfaction of aruth"r character. hVt
the demand for a disavowal If re-
sponsihility ana complete change "
tho German submarine programme
was such that il vii, admitt'dly la
most difficult for Germany - Weld
In III" event of Gormtuy ialiiug %
meet tho demands Of this GuNcruucut
il seems likely that "A scyrrlur ur
diplomatic relations mus result.
After tnat III" situation will 10 iuIt
as serious as Germany cares to mI,la
it, If there is war il will he on the
initiative of Germany. The President
and his advisers have determined -
do everything reasonably possible -
preserve peace.
There is To doubt here that the
American mote was framed With the
view If rendering u service mot only
10 tho interests of the United States
hut the entire civilized world. The
breadth of view expressed IN L." not"
It's foundation ON the great principles
of civilizations laws, instead Of solely
ON the rules Of int"rnatious' law. are
accepted here as cN idonriug the Sp.r!
which actuatcu the President aud Hjs
advisers in going 'o the length. -
the note sent to-day.
They IRE known 60 feel that This
moment has afforded the United
States 4 supreme opportunity for s,r-
vice tn tn" civilized world. Its post
ton as the greatest and srrongcs'
neutral, they feel, requires that ii does
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-14

Mr. Barnes declared that he had never
dominated the Republican party and
that Col. Roosevelt had been the DON'T
Mating leader from the FIRST Hughes con-
yontion of 1905 TO the Stmson conven-
ton Of 1910.
The witness denied that he had ever
ccnfidel to Roosevelt the theory that
the Republican party must accept BIZ
partisan corporation campaign contribu-
tons and must protect the contributors
IN their special interests.
lie denied that he had ever discussed
with Roosevelt the issues between Sena-
TOT Plat and Roosevelt because. as he
commented grimly. there weren't any
.ssucs between Roosevelt and Plat. He
.mphatically denied tina, he had ever
tod Roosevelt that the people, the RIM
gaff. should not be allowed TO have a
voice in their own government"
lie denied that he had ever said to
Roosevelt that campaign contributions
Of any sort mus; he accepted because
Tho government couldn't be run without
party organizations and party organiza-
lions couldn't exist without bosses and
bosses couldn't exist without money.
Mr. Barnes also repudiated any con-
versations mentioned by Col. Roosevelt
a. admissions Of corrupt leadership. And
ne favored the jury with a clear and
precise summary of his own political
philosophy.
These were outstanding and impress
syo refuta'ions in Mr.. harness testi-
mony, rofu,ations which establish the
ore great question Of the trial--who is
telling the truth. col Roosevelt OF Mr..
Barnes? Upon that one question. which
towers high in the mass and tumble
OF evidence. the determination OF the
case will swing
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-14
Washington Views Situation With
the Gravest Concern, as 1t Is Be-
lieVed Kaiser Will Refuse to
Comply With Request.
SINKING WITHOUT WARNING
BREAKS RULES OF HUMANITY
,Disavowal of Lustania and Other Disasters,
Reparation $50 Far as Possible" for Them
Also Demanded by President.

May 13Gcmany abandon her entire submarine
fully satisfy the stand
taken by President Wilson in the to Berlin to-day
nsSene German
81 be used .
American
q
possible for in
American nag Amcrl
lives
No of of position
violated humanity
entirely the
by the United
Danger q
possibility he
Of
continuance friendly relations the Governments
Stripped of its diplomatic dress the Presidents
til"
o
Finally ntimaton that Itself
Forthcoming
Presidents
The will
to
maintaining the rights of the United
safeguarding their exercise ana enjoyment.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-14
WILSON CALLS A HALT ON SUBMARINE ATTACKS ON
ALL TRADE SHIPS; GERMANY MUST MAKE AMENI
emf Wilson'S Note to the German Government


of
and all board her the the her small
n o ehaves spoken,
enough for that Of safety
a
testify submarines used against merchantmen
wss.s have s,ovr y,or, mn rov,ao yoon =, mans, ..ro, ~
citizens within ndspuabe
upon
justified
their lives by acts done in clear
confidence
rights
Warning to the People.
published
warning
Embassy
people
navy
submarines the Great Britain and France
the United
do
aassan ~ na n .'r II, n I,a s hn S No,
possibly
paiaon responsibility
commission.
acquainted
Of the imperial German Government, and with the nigh principles o,
of United believe
excep,
misapprehension Of the orders issued by the Imperial
Expect. D..vow.l Of Ae,..
a
would
ships falling Of their object
confidently therefore
the Of anything obviously
which Imperial
ne 81
confidence the United
States andh
OF
matte andnc unreasonable risks
of
wAstIN 10, 1915.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-14

Bretton Woods Hotels. white Mts,, n. u.
The Mount Pleasant, The Mount Washington
Booking once. 2tS 18th Av. Tel. v23o Msd.-Ads.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-14
PREPARE GREEN BOOK.
ItaIy's Attitude 10 he OmciRily An
nOunced shortly.
Special Gable Despntch to THE Sur

ROME. May 10, - Fifteen printers.
sworn to secrecy. are locked up In the
Italian Foreign ONCE, where they are
working overtime on the Green Book to
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-14

German Goternment did direct these
acts will make it relatively more dic-
iicult for Germany to acknowledge
her responsibility for them
What Will Toe tho results uf this note,
frcighted with SO many possibilities
for the United States. can of courses
l." only a matter of conjecture. 'ore
tonight 80 official statement has
lecn given in Washington Of tn' Gcr-
man attitude toward tho dcmands but
j, Is known that persons who are u
close touch with German public
opinion fear that tho Kaiser Il ris
advisers will not find il couSistou'
with national honor L. accedc 20 Ill
tho demands Of tho United states
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-14
Danger OF q BreRk.
More Than RepnrRtiou.

More 1nau hepuFhNtoh'
The demands for PREPARATION, dis
avowal and assurances as to the ru-
ture have been regarded as the least
that the United States could present
TO Germany. To them. however, PRES
dent Wilson has indirectly added
another, amounting practically 10 a
summons to Germany to give up her
submarine programme as directed
against merchantmen.
"Manifestly," says the President,
merchantmen. as the last few weeks
have shown. without an inevitable
violation OF many sacred principles Of
justice and humanity
This advanced stand by President
Wilson is Of the greatest Importance
for the future as we'll as for tho
present crisis. as it commits the
United States definitely against any
use of submarines as commerce de-
stroyers in time Of war,
Throughout the Presidents note q
maintained on high level. II IS
phrased in an entirely friendly spirit
but behind its poltcncss and dplo-
matte compliments stand clearly ont
lined the redress which the United
States expects from Germany ana tn"
determination of the Administration
to hold Germany by action if n"Ccs-
sary to an accounting for the ou..
RACES upon American life.
The President seeks to appeal d.
reCtly to the conscience of IN" Ger
man Government and the German
people. recalling To their minds their
previous record as uph"ldcrs of the
right and OF justice Through this
appeal he seeks to bring them back
to the observance Of the laws ut ma
tons and OF Humanity.
Harder for Gcrmany.
The very exalted plane ON which
the President makes his appeal. how
difficult for Germany fully To acccir
to his demands in this connection.
! This was the only criticism voiced
against the note here tonight VI nv
| feared that seeking To- make ii easier
| for the German Government Ia Niol |,
| 10y assuming that the attacks CONS
| planned of "cnuld not have the cuuu-
tcnance or sanction of that GuNcru-
mcnt" really added to the difficulties
! OF Germany.
The German official and unofficial
warnings and the German Goycru-
ments statement 81 last MONDAY
! blaming Great Britain for the Ius.-
tania disaster alre ldy have pat Ger.
many in the light of virtually having
admitted responsibility for the act f
not for it's consequences. II is feared
here that the reluctinCc the pres.-
| dent expresses to believe that the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-14

Continued on Third Page.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-14

Continued on Fyth Pags.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-14

Full description of actual workings
many's undersea warfsre-How
possible to sink the big Cunar
In next Sundays SUN.
The Waxahachie daily light. [volume] (Waxahachie, Tex.) 1894-current, 1915-09-15
Wars Effect On France.

In some places in France the church
bell. the umekeeper OF the village. no
longer rings the Angelus. booming
out liberation from work. nor does u
ring for mass or yespers. In the
church hieb mass IS no longer sung,
the organ Is silent, In some churches
there IS no priest az ALL The dell
ringers. the choir The priests. all have
gone 10 the war And on the Grande
place tAo Utt'a Cafes so busy ana 80
eaY Ga SUNDAY or on market day
they are ail closed. Tho blackclad
mea tae Hac6Te.iaA vameu. pass ny;
a. are cutters 80 aue has she heart
na5 much les fae m1nef 90 ro to the
sa.e. icr everyone hsa semeane. some
eh.ra. aeIsme haiftauay Gag III
l Mea Esq eafmtr taat Gal as7
rar Anl m0ther aul w+sts dsnf
.h.mslt rtr thNs. snrfe shem-
tasa. ,. m aa nA theg Rave e
laelr e.8ar uaH
The Waxahachie daily light. [volume] (Waxahachie, Tex.) 1894-current, 1915-09-15
FINANCIAL CENTER OF WORLD
All international Exchanges
Clear Through New York.

II is the announced purpose of one
OF the great trust companies of New
York to sell travellers letters of credit
figured in dollars instead of pounds
sterling. They will be cashable at
established banking agencies abroad
at fixed rates between the dollar and
the money OF the visited country. The
expenditure will be collected through
dollar drafts drawn on and cleared in
New York, instead OF through sterling
drafts drawn on and cleared in Lon
don
AS symptom OF broad tendencies
in world finance induced by the war,
this is important The American dol.
lar is now at a substantial premium
in practically all of the international
exchanges. 1t is preferred above any
other money in settlement of interna-
tional transactions, as it is more eff
feetive than any other money for
these purposes. Every foreign nation,
whether at war or neutral, would
rather have q credit account here than
anywhere else.
The financial center of the world is
now admittedly in New York. VIII
il remain here after the war? Our
travellers abroad in peace times spend
yearly Sl50,000,000 or more. If this
great credit sum were hereafter to be
cashed abroad in terms Of dollars
and cleared and collected through
New York instead of London, an
agency Of no small effect would be set
in action 10 hold here the financial ad-
vantage which the stress of war has
forced Europe 10 surrender for the
time being. New York World.
The Waxahachie daily light. [volume] (Waxahachie, Tex.) 1894-current, 1915-09-15

for its finished work. These fofe-
ings and hcat-treating processes are
developed in the MetalIogrsphic and
in the Chemical Analysis Divisions
Of the Engineering Laboratories. but
the work itself Is actually done ac-
eording to laboratory specifications
in the studebaker factory under the
hands OF expert steel workers.
Finally, il is not enough that every
piece Of material should be tested
and tested. again and again.
After il is placed in the car, the fin
ished car is tested by actual road
service in the Experimental Car Test
Division.
Not only do the Studebaker Ex-
perimental Laboratories test and
check raw material and finished
parts, but they also do the most ex-
haustive and complete research
work.
The development Of the studebak-
er spring is most striking illustra-
ton of Studebaker research work
Four years ago. the average auto
mobile spring would stand 10000 vi
brations In machine which deliv-
cred 1900 pounds pressure, eighty
times minute. After three years
research work. Studebaker engineers
were able to produce a spring steel
which would Withstand 10000 vi
brations in the same machine-and
this is the spring which is today
used under Studebaker cars.
In addition to testing raw materi-
al, and its own finished products.
Studebaker laboratories also test
tires, carburetors, electrical systems,
and various pieces of car equip
ment.
The electrical department of the
lStudebaker laboratory is complete.
This department. after three years
OF experimental and research work
in collaboration with the Wagner
Electric Company's engineers in st.
Louis, developed one of the most
simple. compact, accessible and re-
liable electrical systems ever put on
i q car This electrical equipment has
attracted attention among automo-
bite engineers in every part of the
world.
There is one division which con-
eentrates entirely upon most car
patents and inventions. There is
nothing new which is not submitted
to usually before it is
submitted to any other manufactur-
err, because selling to Studebaker
means the most dependable guaran-
! tee of permanent business.
| 1t is only the great resources OF
Studebaker which make such re-
search and experimental work pos
sible.
Continued Thursday
The Waxahachie daily light. [volume] (Waxahachie, Tex.) 1894-current, 1915-09-15

Horseshoes are supposed to bring
good luck to the finder, but originally
they were intended as lucky emblems
Tor soldiers and sailors.
The horseshoe became a military
mascot In the Thirteenth century. A
shoe cast by an English baron's war
horse was carefully priced as a luck
bringing emblem. He said 1t would
carry him safely through any war in
which he might engage, and secure
MIN victory In Tits and tournaments.
Inc baron established great name as
fighter and he vanquished many foes
without sustaining any serious injury,
SO the horseshoe Immediately became
popular mascot among military men.
Henry II was firm believer in the
horseshoe as lucky emblem, and he
presented a gilded horseshoe to many
OF his regiments. When the monarch
presented the barony of Oakham to
Walchelin de Ferreis, the new lord, to
please the royal donor, demanded of
every other baron who passed through
ONH"hi q ohcc liOil tHt HOist ACTUALLY
ridden by him. Today Oakham hall con-
tains something like 200 shoes, dating
from that time till 1895. Amongst
them Is one from Queen Elizabeth, one
from Queen Victoria, one from Queen
Alexandra, and another from the late
King Edward.
In the present war the horseshoe
still retains its popularity as mascot
amongst soldiers, and the cast-off
shoes of horses are solemnly nailed
on tent poles, on the side of wagons,
or tied to gun carriages. A recent pho
tograph of the crown prince of Ger
many revealed the fact that he has a
horseshoe attached to the side of his
field motor car
Sailors cherish horseshoes as luck
bringers. and before the days of dread
naughts 1t was Jacks practice to nail
4 horseshoe upside down on the mast
of his ship. Nelson nailed a horseshoe
with the points upward on the mast
of the Victory before he took the ship
into action at Trafalgar.