davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1915-09-06
A Grave Diplomatic Offense.

Ambassador Dumba OF Austria Hungary will
Immediately cease to represent his country in
Washington, unless he disavows the communica-
ton which the British authorities found in the
possession of James F. J. Archibald and which it
is alleged Archibald travelling under United
States passport, was conveying from the Ambas-
sador to Count Burian, the Austro-Hungaran
foreign minister. The letter, ALLEGED to be in the
handwriting OF Ambassador Dumba, revealed an
intent to secretly damage destroy the productive
capacity OF manufacturing establishments in the
United States, neutral nation with which Aus
tria- Hungary is on friendly terms. The following
extract from the letter found in Archibads pos
session. if it written by the accredited repre-
sentative in Washington OF foreign government,
renders such representative persona non grata
with the government of the United States:
We can disorganize and hold up for months,
if not entirely prevent, the manufacture OF nlu-
nitions in Bethlehem and the Middle West, which,
in the opinion OF the German military attachc, is
OF great importance and amply outwcighs the ex-
pcnditure OF the money involved'
Ambassador Dumba must disavow the let
ter or Secretary Lansing must hand him his pass
ports, and Austria-Hungary will replace him. In
this case the OF the administration is per-
fcctly clear. 1t has second choice and it must
not hesitate. On more than one occasion in the
past the representatives OF foreign governments
have been sent home for less serious offenscs.
With the genuineness OF the letter undsputcd it
is gravely TO be doubted whether the govern
ment OF the United States stop with the dis
missal OF Ambassador Dunba. The document
contains evidence OF conspiracy with an accredt-
ed representative of Germany for the impairment
or destruction OF industries. IF it is what it
purports to be it means that the climax has been
reached in the international campaign and propa-
ganda against the interests OF government
and people, and Washington must act quickly and
firmly to maintain the nations sclf-respect we'll
its neutrality.
As for Archibald who has abused his rights
and privileges as an American citizen to the
serious embarrassment OF his government and in
manner calculated to discredt its passport, his
rffcnsc is sufficiently serious for interna-
tional lawyers to ponder and determine the pen
atty. II would not be surprising if Secretary
Lansing should feel called upon to cancel Archi
bald'S passport. when the preCarious position in
which he would find himself would at least bring
to him realization of what it means to abuse
the privileges conferred upon him by the passport
OF his government by entering the service OF
bclligercnt.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-06
The Torpedo Again.

Liners will not be sunk by our submarines
without warning and without safety OF the lives
OF noncombatants, provided that the liners do not
Try to escape offer resistance"
This the pledge given the United States
government by the German Ambassador four days
ago. Now the that the Allan liner
Itcspcrian, bound from Liverpool to Montreal with
COO persons board, including $50 passengers,
some OF them Americans, torpcdoed by L
German submarine off the coast OF Ireland on
Saturday night. The Hespcrian did not sink, and
none OF the few persons who lost their lives were
Americans Survivors were quoted in the carly
dispatches as asserting that tho vessel was not
warned.
This is a development which, viewed in the
most favorable light for Germany threatens to-
day to at least halt the progress that has been
made toward an amcablc adjustment OF the grave
differences between the two countries When all
the details OF the attack on the Hcsperian are
known, it may be expected that they will afford
opportunity for technical defense by Germany OF
the action OF the submarine commander II it is
proved claimed that the vessel attempted to
escape offered resistance, the fact that she did
not sink will no doubt be pointed to as proof that
due precautions taken to safeguard the lives
OF noncomhatants, and whatever loss OF lie did
occur will hc blamed the officers and crew OF
the lic>pcrian. 1t may even he set up that the
IIcSpcrian was armed.
Ouc possibly the CircumS tanccs will be found
to technically aCquit Germany OF a breach OF the
letter OF her promise; but tho nature of the at
tack this liner, loaded with passengers inolud-
ing Americans ard wounded Canadians while the
flagrant defiance OF warning in the case OF
the Arabic still presents acute situation, will
cause Americans to suspend rejoicing over the
prospect OF an understanding with Germany
Many have permitted themselves to be carried
away by the mere statement OF AuibaS Ssador von
BernStorf, that is vet TO be satisfactorily inter
prctcd and reduced to exact terms but this latest
ocean tragedy will arouse suspicion OF the spirit
in which Germany intends 20 carry ont her
promise.
The attack the ITeSpcrian did endangcr tho
lives OF Americans travelling on a merchant ship
that was not carrying munitions to Ger
manys enemies. Whether there arc circunl-
stances that will technically remove the deed from
tho category o( the deliberately unirendly" act
AS described in our note OF July 2r remains to be
disclosed There is room for doubt that it vio-
lated International law and tho principles of civili-
zaton and humanity for which President Wilson
has so earnestly oontcudcd and must necessarily
arrest that confidence in Ccr<,n sincerity that
We were SO ready to restore when the Ambassa-
dor's dispatch TO Secretary Lansing was made
public
The Washington herald., 1915-09-06
Light on Friends of Peace"

Unlikely as it is that we are to hear as much
in the future as IN the past about German
general satisfaction that, Samuel Gompcrs has
taken the trouble to address the chairman of
the national committee OF the Friends OF Peace a
public letter telling him clearly and vigorously that
the part OF labor for which the writer speaks
has sympathy for the real objects Of that in
geniousy misnamed organization.
OF course not quite everybody in it is we'll
aware as Mr.. GompcrS shows himself to be OF
what the effective element in its membership is
doing and hopes to accomplish. Some have been
bcguiled into joining it through precisely the
device is used by the antvivisectionsts for get
ting nominal adhercntS to their cause. In the ono
people asked if they love peace, in the
other if they hate the torturing OF animals, and
there is but answer to either question: careless
logcians find themselves where they do not belong
and some of them stay there in honest ignorance
OF the fact that they have been fooled.
Mr.. Gompcrs is not of that sort. He very
promptly that the peace which these friends
wanted and were working for the peace that
would follow a German triumph over the allies.
and that the violence of their antagonsm to
Americas taking any part in the due not
to hatred OF war as SUCH but to the knowledge that
by no possibility if this country did enter the
conflict, would it be on Germany's side. The YER
bal trickcry OF these Friends of Peace is obvious
is that OF the people who denouncc our sales
OF munitions because, they say at prolongs this
dreadful war" but the phrases accepted at
their face value by the pcacc-at-any- price people.
and by few others who for another reason
cannot the possibility OF saying one thing and
meaning something quite different
Mr.. Gompers. whose sources of information on
what goes on in labor circles arc many and trust
worthy, declares that the Friends of Peace, not
content with deception, have attempted to use
money for the corruption of labor leaders, usually,
but not always, without success. While this as
serton does not prove, and presumably not
intended to charge, that every labor man who
countenances the Friends of Peace does it because
he has been bought and paid for it certainly makes
their position an uncomfortable one.-New York
Times.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-06
HISTORY BUILDERS.
Two Soldiers Who Were Also Sena
HnniltOn's
Proposition.

Written Expressly for The Washing HrraldJ
ny DIR. r.. J. EDWARDS.
MY attention was called. in the autumn
OF ISL. by the late George II. Robinson.
at that time Repre- sentative in Con-
eress from the Springfield Mass. dis
triCt, and later twice governor OF Mas
SaChuscttS. to the fact that he had, out
Of curiosity, made an Investigation of
the military associations of men who
were members Of congress at that time
lie said that more than half of the MEM
hers Of the Senate had served either in
the Union or Confederate army and that
ConSidera BILE number of the members
of the House had also served on one side
or the other at the time OF the civil
war.
Mr. RohinSon'S Investigation went
further, SO that he was able to give some
fiEurcs which showed how many of
those who were at the beginning of the
var members Of Congress or who bad
served in Congress before the bar. had
taken part as soldiers in the conflict.
There is. however. one fact of which
think the public at this time had no
knowledge" Mr.. Robinson said. There
were two members Of the Senate, one of
whom afterward became vice president
OF the United States. who without re-
signing their seats in the Senate became
officers in the I'nion army. one Of thCSS
two was Senator Z. d Eaker. of ore
gon. | remember to have heard Henry
L. Dawes who is now in the Senate. rep
rcsenting in part Massachusetts. saying
that he saw Senator Baker upon the floor
of the Senate at time when the latter
was in the uniform of a colonel He was
colonel Of a regiment which he led into
the ambuscade at Balls Bluff. in the fall
Of no killed Tho
last speech he ever made in the Senate
was delivered only few hours before he
left the Senatc chamber to so 10 the
front and he spoke while wearing the
uniform of a colonel
The other case was that of Henry
Wilson, Senator from Massachusetts
/ presume very few persons now know
that Wilson, while still n Senator, be-
came a member OF the Union army
and was appointed TO the staff of Gen.
George B. Mcclellan shortly after the
latter was appointed commander of
the Army of the Potomac. Wilson
saw some service in that military ca
pacity but there were certain moni-
tions that his health would be impaired
il he remained in military service
which compelled him to give 1t up
and to resume his scat in the United
States Senate. Wilson, as you know.
was nominated IN lS'Z Tor vice presi-
dent on the ticket upon which Gen.
Grant stood at the head. So far as
have been able to learn. these are
the only cases where members of Con-
gress entered military service without
having resigned their seats in that
body"
ICol wright. 1915. by e. J. Edwards All rights
reseTy,dl
Tomorrow Dr. Edwards will tell
How Schuyler Colfax Pushed the Pa
cifc Railroad"
The Washington herald., 1915-09-06
WASHINGTON'S SCHEME FOR UNION

HISORDERS like Shays' rebellion
were for the mass Of men. wht
did not See the signiflcance o.
signs less gross and tangible, the pes
possible evidence of the sore straits ths
country was in to maintain even Sc
much as its local governments and II!
respect for law.
But it was not violence OF this sor'
so much as the subtle, all-pervasive all
OF uneasiness, of rivalry. and even nos
tillty between the states. OF commercla
enmity and a universal unneighoorly
spirit of reprisal which moved the
thoughtful and masterful spirits or th'
country most deeply. and led them tc
hestir themselves while yet there was
time to forestall disaster.
1t made them fear the worst. too. fol
the honor and very life of the country
to see how debt demoralized the States
how they yielded upon every side &c
the temptation to repudiate their obi
cations by some new evasion. and en-
couraged individuals to practice n like
dishonesty by passing stay laws against
the collection OF private debts and max
ing legal tender Of paper money issued
without limit. whose value dropped with
every week 1t was in use.
Business as we'll government
setiltu 20 go 10 pieces,
to 20 hand in hand with virtual an
archy.
1t was Washington's scheme of MAX
ing the West accessible through the val
ley Of the Potomac which, after all. as
It turned out. opened the way for states
manlike measures of union.
There was but one method by which
to save the Confederation now. as there
had been but one method by which 10
concert and carry forward the revolu-
ton.
1t had to he done. If done at all. by
bringing the leading minds OF the coun-
try to some sort of agreement: by cor
personal appeals to individuals and TO
Legislatures on the part OF men who
could gain a hearing because they had
approved themselves by service.
An infinite deal of letter writing: let
ters handed about from hand TO hand
oughneSs. for sobricty of argument, for
CocenCy and quiet IOwcr; personal in
terVi"wS: persuasion that soaked slowly
through from group to group in the sim
pie society of the scattered towns and
hamlets and plantationS-such was the
machinery of reform whether In opin-
ion or in affairs: and Washington. with
his quick conscience and steady COM
potency in every matter that called for
action. was the natural centre alike OF
counsel and Of performance.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-06
.n55zM%<-
!
THE OPEN FORUM.
Herald Reader Bids the Allies to
Fight on.

right on.
Editor of The Washington Herald:
1t has been said of Americans. and
with some truth. that we have long
memories for money but short MEM
ories for crime So we still remember
how Britain wrought havoc with our
commerce in 1872 while we hav" for
gotten seemingly. all the hundreds of
outraged women and LITTLE children
bayonetted and old men shot down be
fore the eyes of their families. and all
the fair cities given over to rapine
and the torch when Prussia elected to
make of Belgium a brave example Of
what il means to stand across a rob
Der nations path.
Surely we have forgotten these
things when we rush like gudgeons
to swallow any little word Of comfort
and enCOura cement that Codnt Bern
storff Condcsc"ndS to drop for us. No
doubt it is our right TO overlook the
wrongs don" to ourselves. the open in
suits of an arrogant people and the
graves of our dead beside the Irish
Sea. 1t is not our right to ignore our
allegiance to civilization and to hu-
manity.
Is there not among us one great
voice to bid these small souled peace
mongers be still and to cry out to
Britain and her allies. Fight on For
right and truth and the honor of wom-
en- and liberty under the law. Only
by blood and tears can the soul of the
German people be washed clean of the
dreadful stains of blOodlust and dis
honor and lies that fifty years of Prus-
sian arrogance and prussian covetous-
ness and Prussian brutality have
stamped upon it. therefore fight on.
until those who lived to ''unsheath the
sword die by the sword and the de-
stroycr be wholly destroyed"
OF course this isn't ct all neutral
in the opinion of those who imagine
neutrality to be state of mind in
stead of a course of conduct defined by
law. It's only how most OF us feel.
AMERICAN.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-06

BY the spring of l7so the Potomac
Company, pushed forward in its bust.
ness by men like Washington. had de-
Veloped plans serious and definite
enough to engage the attention Of the
Legislatures of Maryland and Virginia.
The Potomac ran with Maryland on
the one bank and Virginia on the other
It was necessary that the two States
should agree upon plans for its use and
navigation.
They united, therefore. in appointing
commissioners to meet at Alexandria In
March. 17S5, to consult upon this mat
ter not only. but also upon the general
commercial relations OF the two COM
monwealths which this matter touched
and which there was no general govern
mcnt to regulate.
Washington invited the commissioners
to adjourn to Mount Vernon. near by. as
his guests: and there. though not OF
their number, he was freely admitted
to thei- counsels.
They did not report to their legisla-
lures all the hopes and questions 10
which their thoughts had broadened as
they talked. but they set forth matters
significant enough for the present.
The Potomac. they pointed out. could
not be connected with the western wa
ters without affecting Pennsylvania.
ds "CIl as MAJ = IL Si4Aift' Ii4Vs
recommended. therefore. that she also
he called into conference before that
business was carried further
The rest of their task, which con-
cerned common commercial regulations.
uniform duties on imports. and joint
rules touching the currency. they COM
pleted.
The Maryland legislature. when It re-
ccived their report, happily read it in
as liberal a spirit as any statesman
could have wished for.
If Pennsylvania was 10 be drawn into
should not Delaware also be consulted.
with view TO carrying a straight wa
tcr-course. by canal. from Chesapeake
Bay to the Delaware River?
And if Pennsylvania and Delaware
might be asked to confer about these
specific things. what was to prevent a
general conference of the States, in
which ali the uncomfortable Questions
of their intercourse with one another
might be frankly discussed?
Governor BOwdOin. of Massachusetts.
had that very year urged his lcGisla-
eral convention. in tn. interests of ami
cable trade, and it might be that II
would meet with universal appreciation.
TemorrOw-AIexan HnmiIton's
Proposition.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-06

T. T. O'Connor sends this message to america:
"Ncvcr since the beginning OF the Ing
land or any other OF the allies less ready CON
slider peace. The first and most potent reason is
that the cruelty and sayagcry oi Germany's war
methods have produced in England an Outwardly
cold and irwardly burning hatred OF Germany
Secondly, power mcrcilcssy unscrupuIous and
arrogant is considered danger too terrible 10 he
allowed 10 survive" THIS will be diScouraginC to
those OF Mr.. O'Connor's countryncn III tho United
States who have Joined the "Fricnds OF Peace" and
other pro-f;crmar organizations that arc trying
TO end the war al what they regard rs an oppor-
tune moment iCr Gcruanv
The Washington herald., 1915-09-06

The Congressional Union Tor Woman Suffrage
ha; collected $7lS604o Of i proposed fund of
100000 for expenses ir connection with the al
tempt 10 secure the passage OF Federal woman
suffrage amendment And the union is going to
have lobbyists at the Capitol. too for it is offic
ally announced: We only peaceful perSuasion
no ono would interfere with work We will
have = woTkcr--call her lobbyist ii you Ekc-in
every corridor OF the Capitol from tho day Con-
gress meets until the last ballot is announced on
the suffrage amendment" But still there is a
belligerert ring 10 the announcement of this
peaceful persuasion" movement that will not be
at all reassuring to the new members of the Sixty
fourth Congress
The Washington herald., 1915-09-06
a. 3eehgyZ@e \ L.
w % I y O9*x7gWe,

(SrCcial CorrcsYondcnt Of The Washington Herald }
New York, Sept. 6.-Will Irwin, tine
writer and war correspondent. is hot
under his sport shirt collar over the
imputa ation of Robert llCrriCk that Irwin
did some news taking when he was do
ing the trenches in Europe. Herrick in
timated that Irwin's masterful story of
the battle of Yprcs was SeCured-cvCry
word of it-in the Savoy bar in London.
Irwin admits Hcrrick may he good
novelist. but he doesn't know the art
of reporting He says the personal i'm
prcssions'' are what makes the story.
and the hest news stories are generally
written by men who were not there.
He points to the stories on the wreck of
the Titanic. the sinking of the Lusitania.
and the famous murder stories of Lind
say Denison. also the classic OF F.. C.
Hilrs "A Little Child in the Dark
IF I am proved n faker,' says Irwin.
by my story of Yprcs. in their in
finitely larger way are Gibbon and Tao
ticus and Taine proved takers. Gibbon
never saw the Roman army in action.
and Taine was never received at the
court of Louis NF.'
And while on the subject of personal
Impressions" where is a more wonder
full story than VIII Irwin's own The
rooms of The sun while the wires licked
off the meager reports of the earthquake
that was destroying San Francisco?
The cut-rate ticket in New York is now
one with the dodo and Brayan's chance
for the Presidency. The extortion of
gaudy prices by agencies passes into
history. The managers have seen the
evil of their ways and reformed.
Under the new contract the agent may
charge a premium Of 80 cents ticket.
and the Tyson company is made the sole
distributor Of the tickets customariiy al
lotted TO hotels and agencies.
Also, those who have been enjoying
the theaters free are due for hard
bump. The free list. is suspended. Only
dra matte critics and their assistants and
out-of-town correspondents will be per
r;ittcd free.
"A
The Washington herald., 1915-09-06
What War Means to Labor

Largely as q result of the war in Europe it is
evident that American labor is to go on an eight
hour basis. II has capitalized the war greatly to
ITS own advantage The labor disturbances in
Connecticut among the munitions workers and the
Bayonnc strike coming at a time when business
was booming, have ali had the same general re-
suit OF securing shorter hours and better pay in
unrelated classes of industry. 1t was not merely
case OF unionizcd concerns making concessions,
for the Standard Gil has consistently adhered to
the nonunion policy-Ncv York W
The Washington herald., 1915-09-06

I'm front of almost every schOOlhouSc in the
country" says DR.. Horace l.. Howe, OF Boston,
"Lhcre can be found small candy store which
sells cheap sweets to children. In Boston no
saloons be operated within certain number OF
wards OF schools. The same law might be ap-
piled to tho selling of candy. as candy is great
an evil to the child liquor is to the adult" An
other evil that. right at the doors OF public
Schools has been for generations striking At the
very foundation OF our national liic. Let the
motherhood and fathcrhood OF the country rise and
smite it.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-06
The Home.
Nv JOHN ID. BARRY.

An article on home life that l have just been
reading, like many articles this subject repre-
sents the home as ideal place.
There is no doubt that the home is @n ideal
place when the conditions are right But how often
do find the conditions right? Very seldom.
AS matter of fact the home is one of the
most complicated institutions in the world.
1t may be one of the most dreadful of all
places, developing of the most unlovable
human qualities.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-06

New Works 100000 walters, cooks and kitchen
assistants. employed in public eating places are
now required to obtain certificates from the board
OF health that they free from communicable
diseases before they permitted to go to work.
Now ii the customers car be required to present
similar certificates before they served New
York restaurants will be made fairly safe places
10 natrOnIZC.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-06

The destruction by fire of the immense grain
elevator belonging to the Chesapeake and Ohio
Railroad at Newport News adds another to the
long series OF unexplained "accidcnts' at indus
trial Establishments engaged in furnishing sup
plies to the allies 1t can scarcely be doubted that
inccndiarics arc at work. but lar they seem to
have been surprisingly successful in covering their
tracks everywhere.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-06

The attempt OF Democratic administration to
make rajanaS popular among tho sailors OF the
navy has failed utterly with the result that they
have hccn withdrawn from the list OF wearing aI'-
parel and the government now has about 10000
suits for >alc Possibly they could he exchanged
for some of the surplus output OF grape juice
which. though bani>hcd from diplomacy in WASH
ington is still the official beverage in the navy.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-06
Purpose of Friends of Peace.

The immediate purpose of the Friends Of Peace
hyphcnated philosophers now gathering for con-
vention in Chicago. is to promote a quarrel be-
tween the United States and Great Britain None
hut beneficiary of kultur could understand the
subtlcties OF this program in behalf of universal
conCord.-Ncw York Sun.