davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-12
BON AIR

Especial To The Times. Dispatch.
HON AIR, VA, December il.-Mrs
l.. Is. McClucr has returned from "a
visit To her mother. Mrs. Bates OF ST
Louis.
Miss Frances Withcrs left on Tues.
day TO spend some time with her aunt,
Mrs. Ward, in Lynchburg.
Miss Meade was the week-cnd guest
of Mrs. James Gordon.
Mrs. James Gillian. of Lynchburg.
and Mrs. Rothcnburg, of Dayton. O..
VINO lave been guests of Or. Il. II.
Mccluer. have returned to their homes
Ran iolph Moore. OF .IackHonviIlc.
Fla. las been II recent guest at the
Nj Albert Williams is spending
som-me with her father, Judge ,Cald-
weN Hanover Courthouse.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-12
H0WARDSVIL.LE
special 10 The Times Dispatch. f.,

Especial 10 The Times Dispatch.
IOWAEDSNli.IE, VA. Dccelnicr H.
Alfred and Hugh Brady. of Wheel
, Ing, wcrc here last week To attend
tho funeral Of their uncle Edward
scott.
Miss Dciia Brock. Of Hampden- sid :
ncy. who has been visiting hc, cousin.
Miss Courtney Irving. at selma. re :
turned home this week
Mr.. and Mrs. Il. Il. Hancock OF,
tho Philippine Islands. are spending
the winter at their home in AIbcmarlc.
Mrs, Darlington Hubbard a.id littIc
daughter were the guests last week Of
the Misses Hancock at Locust IIill. /"
Z Miss Nellie Alexander returned last
week from visit TO relative. In Rich
nond.
Miss IGdmonia Gilmcr is visiting
friends In Washington.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-12
MISS EMILY PALMER sTENHNs.

Miss Stearns. who resides in Gull
tepcr. Va. il in Washington. where
she * enthusiastically working to Sc
cure. new members Tor the Congress.
ional Union for Woman Suffrage.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-02-13

mutiny, as doctors have to fight a.
quack. The clubbing of scabs is not.
"a pretty thing; the importation OF
scabs is an uglier one. 4 It is, perhaps.
true that there is, as ex-Presidents
Eliot said, no such thing as peaceful
picketing. There is no such thing as
peaceful coast defense or gentle
manly border patrol. The picket-IineI
is to these little economic democracies;
the guardian OF their integrity, their
chief protection from foreign inva-
sion. Ss..s. s.'- q
Without that security no internal
growth is possible. As long % tho
unions have to fight for mere exis-
tence, their immense constructors pos
sibilities will be- obscured In the de-
speration Of the struggle. The strikes
breaker, then, is not only = peril t6;
the union; he is, a. peril to the larger.
interests OF the nation. He koopSs
workingmen from their, natural orr
ganization. deprives them OF tho
strength that union brings and
thwarts all attempts to train men for
industrial democracy. 8. Instead OF dis
cipline and preparation for the task
of the future instead OF deep ground
ed experience iii co-operatiye effort
we shall get, IL strikebrealers, and
blind legislators, and brutal policeman
and prejudiced Judges. snd visionlee1'
employers prevail, despair and hA4es
and sservile REBEL Hons ss.s sSs:s.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-02-13
'lENR00T GETS HOT I
SHOT |n|'''0NGREss q
Calls the Democrats Rubber
Stamps: and issT Told Handle

WASHINGTON, Feb. -. The
house found itself in the midst of the
naval "plucking board controversy
last week in connection with consider
alton of the naval appropriation bill.
Representative Lenroot attacked a
proviso making it necessary for the
naval affairs committee to ratify the
presidents action in restoring to the
service men "plucked" in the past
This, Lenroot said, was unprecedented
interference with the presidents pow
ers.
I'VE have all known for two
years." said Lenroot, that the ma
jority of the Democrats in the house
have been nothing but rubber stamps
for the president. wonder if now
they are seeking to assert their inde-
pendence
my recollection" replied Henry
Texas, sis that our legislation has
been so good that the gentleman from
Wisconsin has voted for practically all
of our. bills. He must be one of the
rubber stamps"
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-02-13

al associations in. various trades en-
deavoring to prevent wage-earners
from submerging their individuality
in unions. They Pave been known to
refuse advertising to papers which
were friendly to organized labor-on
the highest grounds, of course, such
high grounds being refusal Ito pam
der to the unthrifty class" They have
been known to use the blacklist,
though, OF course, they do not ap-
prove of it. They have been known
to protect workers against themselves
They have been known to use what
revolutionists call the "provocateur;"
In Cleveland, during the garment
strike, there was a glib, plausible per-
son who talked dynamite in an effort
to- discredit the union. There has
been some actual 'planting'' of cdyna-
mite, as at Lawrence; little beating
up, as at Calumet; kidnapping, pri-
vate armies, gatling guns and armored
trains, as at West Virginia and Col
orado. 49,
ct is well known, of course, that
newspapers make every effort to en-
able !. workingmen to reach public
opinion, and make their. appeal not
to force, but to the national con-
science. All civic rights are carefullv
guarded for workers, as In Paterson,
i laurence ! i and the Southern lumber
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-02-13

citizens ever formed in any country
of the world" -: r.: =. -
faced only men with such an outlook,
don't think their problem would be
solved, but it would take on a very
different complexion. It is, however,
an academic question, for the great
mass of employers show no desire to
make big concessions. :
Employers are organized for OBJ
struction. There is. for example, the
National Association Of Manufacture
ers, embracing four thousand indi-
vidual employers who represent a
capital Of about ten billion dollars.
Its constructive program consists of
such attractive items az ''unalterable
antagonism to the closed shop" op-
position to eight hours bills. and with
mild emphasis hostility Ito any and
all /anti-injunction bills of whatever
kind" American civilization is also
assisted by the National Council for
Industrial Defense. an unincorporated
body which employs a lobbyist at the
rate OF a thousand dollars a month.
According to the proud words of it's
late president, this council, I'm tho
number OF members, in the capital
which they control, and in the social,
industrial and ! political influence
which they exert ~ ~ g.. is by far
the largest and most powerful league
=: ? = .$s: = z Coercive Measures.
q There are also g number Of nation
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-02-13

camps. Employers ar& precise in
their desire to secure Judges who
have no bias whatever: And the
voters are an active, intelligent body
of imaginative democrats fighting at
every step to see that Justice Il done.
-.... Unions the Way Out
The fact is that nothing Is 80 stub
bornly resisted as the attempt to or
ganize labor into effective unions. Yet
it is labor organized that alone can
stand between America and the crea-
ton of q permanent, servile class.
Unless labor is powerful enough to
be; respected, It is doomed to q de-
grading servitude. Without unions no
such power is possible. Without
unions Industrial democracy has no
meaning. Without democracy in In
dustry-that Is where t. counts most
there IL no such thing as democracy
IN America. For, only through the
union can the wage-earner. partici-
pate. In the control Of industry. and
only through the union can be OBJ
tanned the principle needed for self
government. Those who, fight the
union may think they are fighting It's
obvious errors, but what they are
really against Is Just this encr6ach-
pent OF democracy upon business.
ST. Now. mon ID ont agitate Tor de-
mocracy because Il IS q hne theory.
They come to desire tt because they
have 6callss tiizn doessnot
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-02-13
EDISON P[ANT MAY
Be CONDEMNED
Rumor that Council Contemplates
Such Action. No Denial of
~: Verify of Rl1nor. ~: !

That the Duluth Edison Electric
plant will be the defendant in con-
demnation proceedings soon to be
commenced by the city council is the
hall.
The city attorney admits that the
matter has been discussed but states
that no resolution has as yet been
drafted. He further says that he is
ready to prepare the condemnation
resolution.
been discussed since the. special elec-
tion," said Mayor Prince, but moth
ing definite has been done. Commits
sioners have not conferred formally
on the question, but it has been dis
cussed in an informal way"
Plans to Proceed.
While the voters decided against
the building of unit plant at the
special election last month, condem-
nation was recommended as the prop
er procedure by the forces opposed to
the unit plan. Should the city ooun-
Gil take definite action as is rumored,
they will but be taking the next
logical step in the fight for the ac-
QUESTION Of the electric lighting sys-
tenn of Duluth. 1t is probable that
steps towards condemnation will be-
taken within a short time.
Commissioners have nothing de-
finite to say at present, but do not
deny reports of the intention Of the
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-02-13

unionists then to talk with velvet
language, and act with the tdeliber-
alton of college, faculty: is to be a
tenderfoot, victim Of your class ira
ditiop. The virtues of labor today are
frontier virtues; its struggles are for
rights and privileges that the rest of
us inherited from our unrehned an
cestors.~ y, j., 81. .,.:s:~-zz -.
Men are fighting for. the beginnings
of industrial self-government.. If the
world were wise that fight would be
made easier for them. Few of us
care for@ten minutes in month about
these beginnings or what they prom
Use. And so the burden falls entirely
upon the workers, who are directly
concerned. They have got to win
civilization; they have got to take up
the task of fastening a workers con-
troll upon, business. ...sSS.
=Sr 7, < The ..Scabv a Traitor. 81
No Wonder--thes despise the. scab.
He is justly d espised. Far from be-
ing the independent, liberty-loving
soul he is sonnet TIMES painted, the scab
lis a traitor ito The economic founda-
ttions Of democracy He makes the
basic associations Of men difficult. He
.is an indigestttle lump In the common
life, and It IS he who generates nine
ttenths OF theit violence lin labor dis
,putes. Demonracies OF sworkingmen
have to fight hiln out rof sheer selfs
protec ction, a1 q mt lion shaS to 4ghtxa
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-02-13

{. j.. g
work out any longer to civilized ends.
Employers are. mot wise. enough to
govern their men with unlimited pow
,er, and not generous enough to be
trusted with autocracy That is the
plain fact Of the situation; the essen
tial reason why private industry has
got to prepare itself for democratic
control. -: 80 E'' ~, -.--i~c r:%
Unions May Err. =
don't pretend for one moment
that labor unions are far-seeing, in
telligent, OR wise in their tactics. I
have never seen q political democ->
racy that aroused uncritical enthu-
siasm. It seems to me simply that
tho effort to build up unions is as
much the work OF pioneers as the ex-
tension Of civilization into the wilder
ness. The unions are the first feeble
effort to conquer the industrial jungle
for democratic life. They may not
succeed. but IL they don't their fail
ure will be q tragedy for civilization,
loss Of cooperative effort, q baik-
ing Of energy and the fixing In Amer
lean life Of q class structure. ...5
The unions. are struggling where
life is nakedly brutal, where the deal
ings Of men have not been. raised even
to the level of discussion, which we
find In politics. There 10 almost as
little civil procedure in industry an
there u In Mexico, OF ~ there was on
the American 'front.' ier. To expect
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-02-13
(By Walter Lippman, in the
N1etropolitan.)

When employers talk about the
freedom of labor, it may be that some
OF them are really worried over the
hostility of most unions to excep-
tional rewards for exceptional work.
ers. But in the main that isn't what
worries them. They are worried
about their own freedom, not the
freedom Of wage-earners. They dis
like the union because it challenges
their supremacy. And they hght
unions as nlonarchs fight constitu-
tions, as aristocracies fight the vote.
When an employer tells about his
own. virtues, he: dilates upon his kind
ness, his fairness and all the good
things he has done for his men. That
Is just what benevolent autocrats do:
they try to. justify their autocracy by
their beneyolence. Indeed, the hieh-
est vision: of those who oppose unions
is that the employer will develop the
virtues Of good aristocrat-a sense
of noblesse ob1ige.
Not All Henry Forls.
But, of course, wage-earners are
not dealing with men inspired even
by such a vision. Henry Ford is a,
sensational rarity among employers,
No doubt there are some others, not
so conspicuous. Now, If workers
sof conservative and public spirited
~ y "a II, - ~ r
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-02-13
BY ROBERT HUNTER.

Let him who questions the value of
unionism pause and consider for a
moment just one thing that .unionism
has accomplished.
1t is well known that in the early
days Of the present factory system
the days work extended usually to
fourteen or sixteen hours.
This long day existed for all work
ers, the skilled and the unskilled, the
children as well as the men and wo-
men.
The workers had not yet learned to
organize, and as individuals they were
utterly helpless to effect change in
the hours of their labor or in the
scale Of their wages. -.
There were, Of course, no laws, to
protect them, and so they were en-
tirely at the mercy of their employers.
The moral conditions that existed
in the factory system little more than
half a century ago in England and
elsewhere throughout the world are
equaled today only in certain plague
spots. ~.>~~ H..
When one reads this story of the
misery and oppression, the long hours
and low wages or those days, one
| wonders how the workers managed to
live at all.
How much the condition of the
workers generally has been improved
it is by no means easy to say, but
We do know that the condition Of the
workers has, vastly improved wher-
ever they have learned to value unity
In those trades where the men have
known enough to fight for their rights
and to stand together there has arisen
! what some scoffers like to call an
"aristocracy of labor
And If in certain trades there are
| indeed aristrocrats of labor, it is sim
ply because they have had intelligence
enough to fight together, to pay dues
to one organization, and to battle with
unity and solidarity. Y
And what they have done all other
| workers can do.
The "aristocrats' hold no patent or
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-02-13

their method of action, and by acting
in the same manner all other toilers
can win all the e.aristocrats" have
won. < ~ E%% -.as =
Now it is. diffcuN to ascertain just
how much union Workers have bene-
fitted by higher wages.
In that matter there is always the
question as to- the increased cost of
living, which makes difficult any COM
parison Of wages here and abroad or
Of wages now with those of forty
years ago.
=. The, best one can do is to. compare
wages and hours Today in one trade
that, is organized with the wages AND
hours in another trade that is un-
organized 7 "a f3'.~- - ~ -
This has been well done by the
Department Of Labor at washington,
and the figures sgathered. by that de-
partment show beyond dispute the
enormous benefits that have come to
labor as a result OF organization
Consider for one moment the fol-
lowing facts: 81 *,.~ ~
We all know tllAts the workers in
VIC A4OA EAAO SSCS1 kAdO0 dI pOO11y W.
ganized, and we find that the hours OF
labor in this trade are eighty-foul
hours per week.
On the other: hand, we know that
the stone and granite cutters are well
organized. - .sssl% ~: -.
When we look up the figures OF
their hours we find that they work
about forty per week.
| The bricklayers.Eth the carpenters, the
hodcarriers,: the painters, the paper
hangers and the plumbers are highly
organized trades, and when we inquire
into the hours worked. by these, we
find that they rarely average more
than fifty hours per, week
These workers, then, are the "aris,
tocrats'' Of labor simply because they
are we'll united in their trade, are
loyal to their organization, pay their
! dues and fight common battle.
It would be difficult to find an ar
gument in supporter unionism so po.
| tent as this one.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-02-13
JOHN D. A HYP0CRITE. !,
SAYS MOTHER JONES {
eclares His Plan for Meeting
colorado Miners Is Dishon-
%[ est and Absurd.

NV YORK, Feb. 12.-That the
life of philanthropic foundations
should be restricted by law is the
opinion of the majority of the men,
bers Of the federal commission on in
dustrial relations.
The evidence already adduced is de-
clared by some Of. the members to
emphasize the need. of such action,
and it is expected such a recommen-
dation will be made to congress.
This, and compulsory reports to
congress with governmental represen-
tation upon the boards, is about as far
as the majority of the commission be-
lieve it will be advisable to go in sug-
gesting curbing legislation.
Hears Strike Story.
The commission read into it's rec
ords tho story Of the Colorado strike
from tho standpoint Of the miners
as presented to- the congressional COM
mittee on labor and also heard rep
resentatives from the United Mine
Workers who detailed the causes lead
ing up to the outbreak.
Mother Jones Speaks.
"Mr. Rockefeller has made his
promises-now we are going to give
him a chance to show he means
them"
So declared Mother Jones, veter-
an labor agitator, in discussing heI
conference with John D. Rockefeller
Jr.
Calls Him Fraud.
II want him to go to Colorado right
now-while the ashes of Ludlow are
still hot" she continued. There is
no use going out next summer or fall
"The new scheme for meeting his
men in Colorado ts,a sham and fraud
The workers have no organization
They are powerless to enbcrce any jus'
demands. =
But you can't fool my: boys. They
know this kind of a scheme is hypo
critical and dishonest pretense.
don't believe that Mr.. Rockefeller un
! derstands this.
'The company was against them
the company's courts were agains
them; when they tried to help them
selves they were .blacklisted and beat
en- Or shot down, and nobody hacl
here in the east cared. It was wors,
than what I read about in Russia.
"That is what I want stopped-wha
| want Mr.. Rockefeller to go out ther'
and see. Nothing is settled. Tn,
strike is over and unionism wa
ground under the heel of tyranny
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-02-13
THE POWER OF IJNIONISM b.. /. T.
WHAT UNIONS HAVE GAINED

= Is
: To find one set Of workers like the
stonecuttew working 4S hours per
week and another set of workers in
hours per week should alone be
enough to convince every toiler in
this wide land Of the value of union
ism. - - -.
But this is not all. The hot blast
men, who work an average of 80 hours
a week, obtain only about 16 cents
per hour for their labor.
The stonecutters. who work on an
average of 48 hours per week, receive
an average of II cents per hour.
In other words, the stonecutters,
working about ahalf the time OF the
hot-blast men, receive at the end Of
the week, much larger wages.
To look at it in another way, a hot
blast man during his life sells to his
boss an amount Of labor equal to that
sold by two stonecutters during their
lives. =" --.@-. as. "
The hot-blast worker gives in one
life what one stonecutter would need
two lives to give, and he gives the la
Dor Of two lives for less money than
q stonecutters receives for the labor
Of his one life.
Think Of this and then consider
how tragic ttis that one must actually
persuade workingmen to believe in in
dustria1 unity. :: =. . - p.
It is almost imp ossible to believe
that any class of the workers should
be blind to the value of unionis1n or
loath to suffer almost anything to
achieve 1t.
And what astounding evidence of
working class stupidity 1t would be if
the workers Of this country should
| without fight allow their unions to
be crushed and their right or organi-
zation taken away by the capitalist
legislatures and courts.
The value of unity is so clear, the
gains. for those who, have united are
so evident, and the necessity Of Or
ganization for all workers is SO great,
| that 1t would seem that men, If they
have Intelligence to fight for anything,
would surely fight for this.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-02-13
ST.RlKE.DEPU7|ES.
HELDF0R RIOT|NG'
Seven Dollar Day Detectives Who
M, Murdered Strikers II Pay J. :
>:s Of Employers. -

ROOSEVELT, N. ]. Feb. 12.-Twen-
ty-eight deputy sheriffs who figured
in the strike, riot at the fertilizer plant
Of Williams & Clark, resulting in the
death of two Strikers and the wound
ing of a score of others, have been
lodged in the New Brunswick county
Jail, charged with murder in the first
degree.
Facts Revealed.
Investigations show that the gum
men were paid 81 a. day and were
furnished by Newark, N. j., detec-
tive agency. A. F. of L. organizers
are assisting the strikers and; demand
Ing that every effort be made by the
proper authorities to punish the as
satlants. The United States industrial
relations commission has assigned
representatives to inquire into every
feature of this strike and the part i'm
ported gunmen have played.
e Detectives Cause Trouble.
President Gompers told the COM
mission that more than four -fifths of
all labor disturbances were fomented
by detective agencies. "The only rem
edy," he declared, "lies in guarantee
ing labor the full right to organize, in
detective agencies and harmed guards.
and in~stopping the flood. of immi-
grants .under.-,contract with the steam
ship companteS'' =.
The fertilizer workers struck on
Jan. 4 and have their old rate Of
81 day restored, which was reduced
to $3.50 on Oct. by the companies.
The assault by deputies was entirely
unprovoked, as the strikers had Just
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-02-13
| I | :. :. :. ::
'c0ssAck' ,|||.|'' 9FsTA|IE i. :.
| uOutlnGh
Leader Of Constabulary, Is Shown
Up By Labor :::organiza-
= j.: $tion...;;:

HAZELTON,sPa., Feb. 12.-Offcials
of the United Mine Workers have is
sued a statement: in answer to the
claim of John C. Groome, head of the
state police, known as "Cossacks,'
that his troopers acted within the
law during strike troubles in this
region. :, VI. 49, >,,:'
The miners say :, ~ -. - "~~-a
1T is not necessary to go into de-
tails In order to answer the unblush-
ing falsehoods Of }Groome, as the YER
batim records of the Hazelton hearing
will speak for themselves.
Grome Falls Down.
Mr. Grome makes no attempt to
contradict the testimony adduced at
the Hazelton hearing, and in his an
swer follows the usual course of those
whose methods cannot stand the light
Of day, by evading the real facts, and
by making false counter statements of
a nonsensical nature, calculated to di-
vert attention from the terrible indict-
ment made against him and his troop
err.
"Groome' denies that the state po-
lice mixed with crowds, In their citi-
zen's clothes. The records show city
policemen and borough officers testi-
flying that they did mix with the
crowds in their citizens clothes. We
will therefore accept the sworn testi-
mony OF these men in preference te
that of Groome.
= Self Convicted.
I'm brief, the weak defense O,
Groome but further entangles the
troopers in the web of unlawful abuse
of authority, and we are perfectly
willing to measure steel with Groome
or his captains before the legislature
Or any Of the committees, and prove
that every word Of testimony was cor.
rect"