davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-22

tions between this country ard The
correct, but cordial. / have no doub:
that all fumbling over the cotton cues
ton is due at bottom to consideration
for the United States.
Indeed, ! doubt whether any strong
measures at all would have been taken
in the matter but for the length to
which the Germans have gone in their
submarine warfarc In the face Of an
enemy who stuck at nothing il has be-
come necessary for Great Britain TO
use its undoubted belllgerent rights
with less reserve. II friendly neutrals
are incommoded thereby We are sin.
cerely sorry, but even from a neutral
point of view a certain amount Of In
convenience and loss IS better than an
indefinite prolongation Of war, espe-
cially war as the Germans are now con.
Quoting it."
But if the new development Of sub
marine warfare had any influence on
the question, why has the action now
taken by the British government been
delayed for so many months"
Because we tried in the hrst m
stance TO achieve the same object BY
other means. That object was 70 pre-
vent cotton from getting into Germany.
| dare say it would have been better
since il was clearly intended 70 stop
cotton from reaching Germany, to state
clearly and definitely from the outse'
that it would be stopped because u
was contraband.
THE position in international Law
seems quite clear: You have no right %
stop even contraband when It is cleariy
intended for neutral; you have ever
right to stop it when its ultimate desu'
nation is the enemy, even II II IS eon'
signed to the neutral. II has now oeen
established for ire tan Lat a cen
fury, very larg ly by American 7Iee'
dents, that where the ultimate destlna'
ton of contraband is the enemys eoVh,
try, it can be stopped at any point o.
its journey.
What is kuite indisput. ole is N"
we have a right TO declare cotton con-
traband. BY doing so we regula'ii,
cur position, and 1t IS henceior"sI.
perfectly clear and unamblguous'
is true we are not going TO DO any.
thing more than we are already tryins
to namely. to restrict the inpora..
ton of cotton into neutral countries y
what is required for the eonsumpuoa
of .hese countries. and absolutely Y
prevent cotton from passing tnrogs-
them into Germany-but in pursulhs
this course in future we shall be iel.
tilted by having taken up positioa
which | believe 10 be quite unass1'"
lie from a juridical point OF view.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-22
COTTON PUT ON
CONTRABAND LIST
Continued from page I

authorities suspect have an ultimate
German destination, will be taken TO a
prize court. where the owners must
prove that the ultimate destination
was not Germany or the cargoes will be
confiscated. This was made clear here
tonight by students of the situation
The formal declaration that cotton Is
contraband relieves unpleasant ten
sion between this country and Great
Britain over the cases of the cotton
laden ships which have been held up.
England has been outside international
law in holding these cargoes up. 1t was
pointed out.
While no definite advices have been
received by the British Embassy on
any plan for holding up the price Of
cotton in this country. it was said that
exports from this country to neutral
countries Tor consumption in those
countries would probably be facili-
tated rather than hampered. 1t was
pointed out that some arrangement
might be made by which the British
government could be assured that the
cotton was for neutral consumption
and would permit the shipments to 90
through with little difficulty.
Washington believes that some plan
is being considered by President Will
son for the relief of the cotton situa-
ton, the details of which will be an
nounced soon. This impression was
given to Representative Lever, of
South Carolina. in a recent conference
with the President on the cotton situa-
ton.
While no details of the plan have
been learned and while it is not known
whether the President has been in
touch with the British authorities. it is
believed that he will propose the ap-
pointment OF a joint American and
British commission to devise means
for protecting the American cotton
farmer.
The proposal made in Great Britain
that the British government maintain
a certain price for cotton is believed
to be the most reasonable. That would
mean that England would virtually
peg" cotton at a price TO be fixed by
the Joint commission. Brokers repre-
senting the British government would
buy cotton whenever it went below the
price at which il was "pegged." thus
keeping up the figure.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-22
Send Bernstorff Home,
Says Mr.. Whitridge

London, Aug. 2l. - Frederick W.
Whitridge made this statement to The
Tribune correspondent to-day: 1.-THE
torpedoing of the Arabic without
warning was lawless. shameless ana
utterly heartless, and shows the fulfil
lty Of the debate inaugurated by Mr..
Wilson after the murder of Lusitania
passengers, but it may possibly ex-
pedite the drastic action promised by
the President last winter, soon after
Won Tirpitz's original proclamation Of
frightfulness.
"Bernstorff should be sent home on
the ground that his country is not fit
TO sit at the same table with other ma
tons"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-22

ment that the steamship Arabic was
not being conveyed when she was tor
pedoed by a German submarine.
Il is learned on inquiry in official cir
cles that the British government is
satisfied that the Arabic did not at
tempt to escape or to ram the sub
marine which sank her.
This conclusion is the result Of
statements made by Captain Finch and
other survivors. All agree that the
submarine was not sighted before the
torpedo was fired. The Arabic, instead
of attempting to escape, had been
slowed down for the purpose of ascer-
tanning whether assistance could be
given to the steamer Dunsley, previous
ly torpedoed.
British officials scout the idea that
the Arabic was attempting to ram the
submarine. They say that by doing so
Captain Fincn would have been almost
certain to strike the Dunsley and wreck
his own shin.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-22
Mrs. Bruguiere's Body Is
FOund-Maid and Chauf-
feur's Fate Unknown.
NO TRACE YET
OF DR.. WOODS
White Star Office Here Told of
Finding of Two More
Bodies from Liner.

One dead, one missing and two more
whose fate is uncertain represent the
American toll taken by the sinking
of the White Star Line steamer
Arabic on Thursday, according to
statements made at the companys
Offices last night. Mrs. Josephine l..
Bruguiere. of New York. is the dead
woman. a cable message to her daugh-
ter-in-law, Mrs. Marion Bruguere. of
this city, bringing the news that her
body had been found. The body will be
brought to this country for burial in
San Francisco.
The American known to be missing is
DR.. Edmond +. Woods, of GAINESVILLE.
Wis.
The other two Americans whose fate
is not known are Frederick Burgess,
chauffeur to Mrs. Bruguiere, and his
wife, one of Mrs. Bruguiere's two
maids. Early yesterday the White Star
Line Offices here conceded their deaths,
basing this information upon reports
from their Liverpool Office. which was
communicated with to verify report
bv United States Consul Thompson. at
Queenstown, that the two were not on
his list of saved
Later in the day, however, the COM
many said it had heard from other
sources that Burgess and his wife had
been reported by the consul to the
State Department at Washington as
among the survivors.
Maid Died with Mistress.
The same cable which told Mrs.
Marion Bruguere that her mother-ln-
laws body had been found bore the
news that Mrs. Josephine Bruguiere's
French maid. Mile, Boudet. who has
been listed as survivor. also was
dead, and that her body had been re-
covered with that of her mistress.
Another cable message received at
the White Star Line Offices here yes
terdav afternoon said two unidentified
bodies had been washed ashore near
Queenstown. One was the body OF a
woman, apparently a cabin passenger.
and the other that of man who may
have been a steward.
The revised lists issued yesterday by
the company show the following:
Passengers on board-Cabin, 1873;
third class, 40. Total, 1872.
Passengers missing Cabin. ID; third
class, 7. Total. 20.
Americans on board-Cabin, 21; third
class, 5. Total, 26.
Survivors of all nationalities-C Cabin.
100; third class, AZ. Total, LAP.
Survivors of American nationality
Cabin, II or 10; third class, o. Total
% or q.
American Woman Safe.
In addition to the foregoing, the
company gave out list Of four persons
one of them, Mrs, Kellett. who is an
American-as not on the regular pas
senger list, but as reported safe.
The crew numbered 262 and Il were
missing last night, according TO the
White Star Line.
The total on board the Arabic. in
cluding passengers and crew, was
therefore 459 and the total number OF
missing 80.
The White Star Line yesterday
issued the following revised list OF
cabin and third class passengers
aboard the Arabic who have been I'M
accounted for.
Cabin Passengers.
Rruquiere. Mrs. Josephine l.;
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-22
URGES WILSON
TO STRIKE FIRST
Lawyer Wants U. S. Forces to
Aid Allies Against Germany.

A letter to President Wilson urging
him TO call the nation to arms
against Germany, which was sent on
Friday to the Chief Executive by AL
bert II. Walker, a lawyer, OF 81 Park
Row, was made public yesterday. 1t
reads:
Germany is the only nation against
which there is any danger that the
United States will ever have to defend
itself That defence cannot be made
effective on our own land. II must be
made in Europe. The time to makesit
is now. The way TO make it is to join
the allied nations OF Great Britain.
France, Russia and Italy in the present
war. The method is to send our navy
TO help TO open the way TO the Black
Sea and 20 send an army to help to
drive Germany out of France and Bel
GUM. Incidentally. we ought to con-
fScate all the German ships in our
harbors and all the stocks and bonds
of American corporations owned by
subjects Of the Emperor of Germany.
Civilization must put down the Ger
man Empire or the German Empire
will conquer civilization. II we stand
still and watch Germany and her allies
conquer Great Britain and her allies
Germany will soon violate the Monroe
Doctrine for the purpose of picking
quarrel with US and then make war on
us and levy tribute on all our seacoast
cities and take away our gold to Ger
many and afterward enrich herself by
an enormous indemnity taken out of
the Treasury of the United States.
1--WE cannot defend ourselves alone.
We must have help. And how can we
expect help from Great Britain, France,
Russia or Italy then. if we do not help
them now? Sooner or later we must
make war against the German Empire.
Let US do so now, when the war is be-
ing waged in Europe and when we can
win
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-22
Lord Miner JuStifieS
Britain'S Cotton POLICY
lPy Cahle 70 The Tribune. I

London, Aug. 21.-Lord Miner gave
an interview to-day which may be re-
garded as an authoritative exposition
Of the British attitude on the question
of cotton as contraband.
Lists of contraband articles" said
Lord Miner, wary necessarily with
every war, but the broad principle is
clear enough. Anything may be de-
clared contraband which is essential 10
nation for carrying on war. The
present war has SHOWN .hat the sue
cessful conduct Of military operations
requires an enormous consumption of
munitions Of all kinds, and since cot
ton is the basis of almost all the pro-
pulsive explosives in actual use, vast
quantities of cotton have been en-
ployed and re in fact indispensable to
a belligerent."
"Why, then, AS cotton not declared
contraband long ago." Lord Miner
was asked.
That question is one which only a
member Of the government can fully
answer" he replied II do not suppose
il was realized by the government or
their advisers in the early months Of
the war that vast demand for cotton
for military purposes would arise, and
it is obvious that no government would
wish to take step so restrictive of
neutral rights as a declaration that
cotton was contraband unless IL was
satisfied that military necessities COM
PEELED il TO do so. The British govern
ment have all along been most anxious
not to strain their belligerent rights.
In particular they have been anxious
TO avoid friction with the United
States. In thi~ respect | think they
have truly ..terp- ed the feelings OF
the nation.
Sentiment and policy alike cause US
10 desire most earnestly that the rela-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-22
ATTACK ON E-13
STIRS DENMARK
Continued from page l

marine until two more Danish torpe''
boats came up. when she Withdrew
AT 9 o'clock. while the three pas
ish torpedo boats were anchored epVs'
to the submarine, two German torpsJ'
boats approached from the soO'ps
When about half a mile away one q
these hoistcd commercial flag sigma
but before the commanding oineeI v
the E-l3 had time TO read It the T'i
man destroyer fred a torpedo al r.
from a distance Of about zoo yaiG,
The torpedo exploded on hitting ="
bottom close to her.
AT the same moment the ue'ue
destroyer hred with all her guns ~.
Lieutenant Commander Layton, seem.
that his submarine was on hre w
and aft and unable 10 defend nerssen
owing to her being aground. gave 9 3N'Is
for the crew 10 abandon her. VIM
the men were in the water they W..
fired upon by machine guns and WI"
shrapnel. -,
"One of the Danish torpedo pos
immediately lowered her boat shs
steamed between the submarine 81
the German destroyers. who therel'''
had TO cease ire and withdraw.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-22

which indicates that the submarine
fred il at right angles from the vessel
Gravity of Crisis Realized.
The faint hope that the afidavits OF
American passengers and the oiheia'
report of the captain Of the steamer
may reveal eXtenuating circumstance
Is tho only consideration that restralns
immediate action by the President
Roth the President and Secretary Ian
sing are determined to go slowly as
II is realized that the SITUATION Is 'ne
most critical they have yet mad 10 con
tend with. They are determined W
wait until every bit of evidence mas
been carefully scanned ana the Ni.~s
II the German government receive"
before taking any drastic aStion;
That the action must be oIas'i0 '.S
no official here whose OPINION "
value will deny. 1t Is pointed ouS -
the time for further notes OF PWnsnn
49, now act by recalling Ambassador
Corord unless some new evidence re-
voai;rc alternating circumstances on
the part Of the German suo'""'
mander is produced. % che
Thorc was no minimizing OF 'ne
-,avitv of the situation among ON
.io1s here to-day. On every slde was
toard tho opinion that the parting o.
+bo vovs had been reached. Germany
occordinr 70 the information no" a.
hand had proved concluslVeiy 'hst ~
M longer desired the friendShlp Vi w
United States. and only one COURSE was
open to the President ovorr-
Whether or not the German goVeinf
,,,o,t will volunteer an explanation o.
~ Isaster remains TO be seen. IL Is
toI;o,.od hero that the German torelgh
oaoa ,,,ev offer some eXtenuatlhg cir
c,ns+orces as reason for tire sun
marine commanders action ou' lus'
What II will be no one mere can H"'sS
II may be that Germany WILL wai' Gn-
til inquiries are made by AmoasSauoi
Gerard. ...
In the event of such an explanation
II is polnted out. an interesting sltue-
tion would arise. Against the tes'i.
rronv of the passengers and oihcers Oh
~ Arab;c would be placed the 7ord OF
tbo submarine commander, with the
nossibilitv that both might be rlght'
~ ;s conceivable, sorle officials say
.bat tho Arabic suddenly changed her
course either to 90 to the rescue OF
the Dunsley's crew or for some owner
reason. and caused the submarine 10
believe itself threatened No..
High officials of the State depart
ment9 commenting on this possibility
said to-day that all the testimony thus
far adduced refutes such contention
Oficiais at the State Department are
ar a loss TO understand the delay IN
RECEIVING complete information on the
sinking of the Arabic. Ambassador
Page has been instructed to forward
any trustworthy information that ne
receives as quickly as possible, put
aside from the statement Of Zellah
Covington, which was received yester-
day. nothing of concrete nature mas
come. While the British censorship
NAV delay the sending Of details to the
newspapers, it is pointed out here TO-
day that diplomatic correspondence IS
immune from any such restrictions
The only dispatches received from
Ambassador Page to-day refer to the
LIST of survivors and established that
only two Americans remained unac-
counted for.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-22
Yale Authority Demands
United States Break with
Germany at Once.
WARNS SEDITIOUS
ALIENS TO DESIST
Patient Endurance of American
People May Soon Reach
End, He Tells Them.
Try Telegraph to Tie rhbun.

New HdUen, Conn.,, Aug. 21.-
Professor George TrumbuH Ladd.
of Yale, dlicays widely quoted as
an authority on international re-
intions, IN an interUieW to-ddY
said that unless Germany specially
disavowed the action Of officers IN
the Arabic and Lusitdnia cases,
diplomatic relations should be
broken Of.
He also said it is high time for
all American citizens Of foreign
extraction TO support the gorern-
ment unrcserUodIy and for for
cigners here who still remain
aliens to understand that "the
patient endurance of seditious rs
WeN as REASONABLE words and
deeds may soon reach its limit
NTH the great body Of the AMER
lean people,"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-22

fast. ! went below and called my
friend, Mr.. Pringle. We stood side by
side on the promenade deck. We sud
denly noticed a white line in the
water, which proved to be the torpedo
That was the only warning The Ger
mans gave us"
C. ii. Pringle, of Toronto:
81 went on deck in my pajamas. We
were watching from the starboard side
when we saw white streak whlzZing
through the water coming to us from
about 1875 feet away. Absolutely no
warning was given TO US. There were
no British warships ir sight nor dld
we see any. | didn't see the submarine.
1t must have disappeared after hrng
thc torpedo"
Purser Templeton said:
"The Arabic wasn't warned nor did
any one aboard see the submarine.
believe one of the rescuing ships after
ward saw the submarine"
Stokers Stuck to Ship.
Kenneth Douglas. the English actor.
said: Here's fine contrast: The Ger
mans sink a harmless passenger ship
without the slightest warning-a muir
derous act. British stokers stick TO
their ship in her final plunge. British
seamanship has never been maintained
at higher level than on this oc-
casion."
One passenger, who did not want his
name used, said: "If Germany should
raise the point that we were gong to
help the Dunsley and the commander
of the submarine thought that perhaps
we would try to ram MIN, there is
plenty of evidence to show that our
captain had no such intentions, for
some of us saw small boats making off
from the Dunsley, with the crew
aboard"
Aubrey Gualtier. of New Zealand:
81 emphatically declare that no warn
ing Of any kind was given by the sub
marine. | believe ! saw its perlscope
showing near one Of the boats after
the explosion, but it disappeared be-
fore the patrol boats appeared"
Frederick Martin, an Engiishman,
who has lived most of his life IN Amer
lea:
There was no sign of panic. Every
thing went off in fine style. From cap
tain to bellboy the crew were grand.
And the bellboy also did great deal
of work, bailing water out OF our
boat
John Olsen:
warning? Why. all of us, even those
on deck, and most of us were, got the
surprise Of our lives when the torpedo
hit us. You can't imagine how quickly
il was all over and we were drifting
around with a lot Of wreckage which
once was part of the Arabic No, |
didn't see the submarine then or any
other time"
A. H. Lebond, husband of Stella
Caro-. the vaudeville singer:
I'VE were both on deck looking at
the Dunsley. Neither Of us saw the
torpedo or heard any warning. I've
talked with many of the crew and pas
sengers. but have not found one who
saw the submarine"
by The Associated Press
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-22
U-Boats Sink Five More
Ships, Two from u. S.

Paris, Aug. 21.-A Havas dispatch
from Brest reports the sinking Of two
steamships from American ports. The
British steamer Carterswell, OF about
1000 tons gross. which sailed on July
25 from Galveston for Havre with
cargo of grain, was sent 10 the bottom
Yesterday by a German submarine. Her
crew Of twenty-four was taken aboard
fishing boat.
The Belgian oil steamer Daghestan'
2,SlS tons gross, from Philadelphia
August 6. for Rouen. and three sailing
vessels also have been sunk.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-22
$4,000 SEE LONDON MEET
FOR WAR CRIPPLES' FUND
More than 1 800 Star Athletes
Compete at Carnival.

London, Aug. 2l-The monster sports
meeting in aid of the fund tor per
manently disabled soldiers and sailors,
which was held on the grounds OF the
Chelsea Football Club on August Bank
holiday, proved tremendous success.
$4,000 people paying for admission.
The carnival attracted the largest num-
Der of crack athletes seen in England
since the Olympic games Of 1908. Stars
In every branch OF sport entered for
the various events, 200 boxers, LOO
athletes and nearly all the leading
jockeys comprising the competitors.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-22
Spain Protests Against
Sinking of Two Ships

Madrid. Aug. 81 via Paris).--io'
Spanish government has protested :.
Germany against the torpedoing OF ~
Spanish steamers, the Peria Css""'
and the Isidoro, in the North sea "A
The German Ambassador at Mssts
has written a private letter to the w.
eign Minister expressing r.srsa
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-22

BY The Associated Press.l
London, Aug 2l-The British gov
eminent to-day authorized the state
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-22

Mrs. Josephine LII Indicates American citizen.
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1915-12-08
A Michigan Orchard.

the fall more slowly than the atmos-
phere, and hence II tends to keep the
temperature within its zone of intlu-
ence warmer than it would otherwise
be-
II is because of these reasons that
peaches are grown with marked sue
cess and injury TO the crops by ad-
verse temperature conditions is COM
paratively infrequent in the portions
of New York and the province of On
tario that border Lake Ontario;
in Ohio, along Lake Erie; In south.
western Michigan, on Lake Michi-
gan, and in some other districts which
are adjacent to large bodies of water.
AS rule. the zone of influence of bod
les of water, such as those named, Is
rather narrow, usually not extending
back from the shore more than few
miles
AS a rule. 1t is doubtless safe to as
sumo that site having a moderate
slope in some direction is TO be pre-
ferred for orchard purposes. other
things being equal. to one that is level
One having a slope will usually have
better soil and atmosphere drainage
than level area.
Farmers' champion. (Elgin, Okla.) 1912-1922, 1915-12-08
Large Club for Boys.

The boy IN the city must avoid many
side tracks IL he desires to lead an
upright and useful life says the Bos-
ton Globe. Constantly he is beset
with distractions which may lead him
astray into the ranks Of the incompe-
tent. idle or even vicious. lie is an
inquisltive. MISUNDERSTANDING crea-
ture, full OF the great possibilities Of
youth. His latent powers are preci.
Gus; yet they are wasted with a prodi-
gality akin almost to that of nature.
Hence the establishment of the large
bows club in Roxbury. handsomely
housed and well equipped, means thai
many boys will be given the opportun-
ity to keep on the main line leading
TO a useful life.
\ boys enthusiasm is more often
aroused when he thinks he is playing
than when he is working at school.
The boys club can catch him when
he is enthusiastic and start that en-.
thusiasm toward manly accomplish.
ment. We wish the club every sue.
cess.