davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1915-06-11
zEPPEL|NS ENLIST
IN WAR ON SHIPS
Sink Two British Craft in the
North Sea-Submarine
Toll Grows.
SWEDISH STEAMER Is
AMONG LATEST SUNK
Many English as Well as Two Rus
sian Vessels Fall Victims
Of Torpedoes.

LONDON, June 11.-Attacked by war
craft of the air and beneath the sea,
British merchant shipping continues to
suffer a the hands of the German enc
my. Neutral vessels also are being
sent to the bottom by submarine tor
pedoes. Latest advices show Zeppelins
have Joined the shipping war. and have
sunk two British fishing smacks in
the North sea-
The Glasgow steamship strathcarron
was torpedoed yesterday without
outward bound from Barry. The crew.
which put of in boats, was rescued by
. steamer and landed at Cardiff.
Tho Strathcarron was vessel Of 2,807
tons. built in 1912 at Greenock. and
was owned by the Strathcarron Steam
ship Company Of Glasgow. She sailed
from Havre May % for Barry, where
she arrived June 2, and was reported
to have entered tho government service.
Swedish Steamer Sunk.
me swedish steamer otago. bound
2oe Hull. was torpedoed and sunk last
1ight. The otago. of s7s tons net. was
9l1 feet long. and was built in 1882.
6he was owned in solvesborg. Sweden.
The Russian steamer Dania has been
torpedoed by q German submarine. The
members of her crew were saved. The
Russian steamer Dania was of 1859
tons net. 314 feet long and was built
at Sunderland in 1905. She was owned
By the Northern Steamship Company.
Ltd. Of Petrograd. Maritime records
show that she has been running be-
tween Liverpool and Archangel.
The Russian bark Thomasina has
been torpedoed and sunk by a German
submarine OF tho southwest coast Of
Ireland. The members OF the crew of
the sailing ship have been landed at
Queenstown
The Thomasina was overhauled by
the German submarine at noon Thurs
day at a point 40 miles south southeast
Of Old Head of Kinsale.
A warning shot was fired by the
submarine and the crew of the Rus
boats Seven shells were then fired
into the vessel. which sank in thirty
minutes The captain of the BARK and
the crew rowed toward land for seven
hours until rescued by the steamship
Polandia. The crew comprised seven
teen Russians. two Swedes and one
Norwegian. Tho Thomasina was in
ballast.
Schooner Express Torpedoed.
The list Of ships torpedoed by Ger
man submarines. which Is printed by
the morning papers. contains the name
Of the schooner Express, the crew of
Whlch was idnded at Liverpool
The British fishing smacks Welfare
and Laurestina were attacked and sunk
by Zeppelins in the North sea. The
crews, which took to their boats, were
picked UP by Dutch smack and taken
to Mas Luis.
The crews OF the British trawlers
Qui vive and Edward, which have beer
sunk by German submarines, were
rescued by a Dutch steamer and alst
taken into Mas Luis.
The Grimsby trawler CArdiff war
sunk by German submarine Wednes-
day afternoon In the North sea. HeI
crew was saved by another trawleI
and landed in Grimsby yesterday.
Evening star., 1915-06-11

Emanuel E. johnson, a negro saloon
keeper. was held at Cumberland, Md.
for the death of Cordelia Deremer'
aged twenty years. daughter of Mrs.
an automobile driven by johnson and
died later from fractured skull. !.
Evening star., 1915-06-11
Hostility to Government Charged.

LISBON. June 10. via Paris, June II.
$50 a.m.-Several persons suspected of
having instigated a movement hostile
to the government were arrested last
night. There were no disorders and
normal conditions prevail in the city.
Evening star., 1915-06-11

men. who took 5000. his gold watch and
chain and q valuable scarfpin while at
= resort at Westport. Albert D. Smith
81 baltimore 10 in Q serious condition
~ the home Af Ata- oQns Aa.s.x..sas I
Evening star., 1915-06-11
Await villa Explanation.

Further explanation Of significance of
Francisco Lagos ChaAro's election as
provisional president of the "conven-
ton government" in Mexico City
which has the support of the Villa
Zapata factions-was awaited with in
terest by administration officials.
Chazaro succeeded Rogue Gonzales
Cara, who was named provisional
president when Eulalio Gutierrez fied
several months ago. He was governor
Of Vera Cruz state under Madero. but
now is described as . Villa delegate In
the convention from tie state Of Chi
The situation around Leon, whers
Carranza and Villa forces are believed
to be NyAtsng for mastery In central
Evening star., 1915-06-11
DEPARTMENT OF STATE.
Washington, June 9. 1918

Of resistance by the Mexican officials,
the War Department intends to have
at hand means to enforce any instruc-
tions that may be given by President
Wilson.
Three Regiments Detained.
The regiments affected are the 18th
Cavalry. at Fort Bliss, Tex; the 9th
Infantry, at Galveston, and the 9Th
Cavalry. at Fort Douglas. Ariz. Those
regiments were to proceed to Manila
to relieve three other regiments. It
is said at the War Department, how
ever. that the suspension of orders is
only temporary.
The American consul at Juarez ha,
been instructed to insist no summary
measures be taken by Mexican officials
against George Marks and s. Franklin
under death sentence for alleged circu.
lation of counterfeit money. The con-
sui reports the men. "presumab bly,
Americans, have been found guilty by a
military court. He was instructed to
insist that the execution be stayed until
the State Department examined the
evidence.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-24
News Of Fifty Years Ago
IRON tn" liichm"nd Dispatch. Dec ~ 1SG5 ]

'hc first number of the Richmond Medical
Journal made is appearance yesterday II is
munthly magazine edited by Drs u. =. ti;,ilard
and y. :. McChcSncy.
The rohbcrics. house brcakines. burglaries
and street hold ups have become entirely too
numerous ia Richmond. Half Of the
local departments nf the daily papers TO
j." devoted 10 accounts OF such events. II is TO
be hoped that new police fore. viii helm, 10
put stop to these things. II seems that tho
nuHttiY police IRE Inadequate to the work. The
right thinking people are getting tired of il III
AN" unless the military police aud the new civil
police, combined, can't do something for the
relief of tho people. the people will take
the matter in their own hands and thea we may
ip Tor som" h"ngings 10 lamp posts. That
viii scttl" il all.
The bold speech of Mr.. Raymond in the United
the South. and President Iohuson's attitude are
attracting much Attentions. Mr. Raymond is the
h:St Republican 10 speak out for the South. and
when he spoke IN In" House Yesterday The rndi-
Gals tried hard 10 break him down Speaker
C"iiaX left the chair ana made II his business
:" try 10 rally all of the radicals and one OF tho
' nihStoh papers calls his conduct dissraccfuk
MY. Hnymond's friends assert that the attempt
:" hrcak him down Is the signal for open war
h'i"eon In" radicals Of the Republican party
arc the conservatives OF all the parties.
me state Of Pennsylvania has asked Congress
FOR sp"cal appropriatom Of $1,000, 600 to pay
the expenses of the State IN repellInu ,,nufnJ
crate invnsions. and yet before the war clnscd
frnnsy!vaniu boastcd of it's ability TO take caro-
of itself
General Eppn Hunton General w H. rayne
and Colonel John s Mosby are all practicinl.
law In Warr"nton. and each is getting all OF ,ha
business he can attend To.
= courcd Masonic lodge so called ho, $780,,
established in Frederlcksburr the frs, or i,s
KIND to show up in Virginia
teV. J. T. Johnson, OF Alexandria without
asking for II, has received unconditional n,rdnn
from President johnson
the brakes Branch post Office in Chariot.
,""!'N mas been re-establishcd. Mrs Amelia a
clark being made postmistrcss
General Grant. in his report IN rho ,.i,,
.>t''es S.hat" says the FrecdmHus Bureau is ~,
n'S "Hinlpn. present necessity but Thar mo
nn"ihrSs of the same is being transacted too
loosely and too eXtravagantly being onor.tod
"y "iHrE"nt agents. according To their ind,
,."u''t notions Genera! Howard. in his report
PROMISES Il reform, especially In Virginia
The maine Of Hon Lewis r. Ca,unhcl1 ~ on,
mas nrem sent TO the United states senate ne n
H'C."'e person TO lie minister 10 the Repuhlic
g. MtH!c". ms is tho first Official recorni,in,
OF Mexico as q republic ~"
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-24
Christmas, 1915

Above the grief of earth a noble strain
or harmony divine is ever ringing;
- hstcii--o'cr the anguish and the pain
You still may hear the exultant
angels singing!
OF peace on earth" they sing; good
Good will and peace" the chorus
swclls again.
Another chorus family lifts and stirs,
Strange tones OF men. strange tones
now clear. now falling.
AS II of thousands--as OF worshipers
TO that one God in different accents
calling;
II different tongues they murmur
Peace OH earth"
And with the angels laud Savior's
birth.
These are the souls from many a battle
field
OF red Europa's stricken lands as
ccnding,
To God by sacrifice forever sealed,
That they may share His plan OF good
unendinG
Thousands of spirits. newly come from
earth,
Remember Christmas. ana Savior,s
Another great array. a multitude
or ransomed souls from every tribe
and nation,
From wealth and ease, or from nriva-
ton rude.
Before the Throne in decnost ,doro
ton.
with angels and with spirits newly
born,
Are singing Peace" upon this Christ
mas morn.
And We on earth to-day may lift the
voice
with angels and with souls at last
Victorious:
We too, may with the host Of heaven
rejoice,
Ana with our brethren sing of pence
all glorious.
Now, even now, when fiery war doth
raso,
We sing of peace. ami of n boiler age.
For peace ana harmony are all divine.
from that celestial love that watches
And sent the Savior for its mercy's
sign
And spoke 10 all men by the angel
chorus.
Redemption comc,h, cruel war must
cease
And here on earth shall dawn the reign
OF peace!
French. in Springfield Re-.
publican.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-24
MYSTERIES OF NATURE AND SCIENCE
DY GARRETT l.. sERyISs

what causes draft up a chimney?
If atmospheric pressure is equal
tabout fifteen pounds to tie square
inch). 1T top and bottom Of chimney
how can draft occur? How is this at
mospheric pressure obtained IL we live
on the outside OF the carth?-H +. g.
Chicago
II is the pressure that causes the
draft. The air being heated at the
bottom OF the chimney expands, and
thus becomes lighter, bulk for bulk,
than air around and above 1t. The
heated air resembles cork held under
water which is forced to rise BY the
pressure OF the surrounding LIQUID
which is heavier. bulk for bulk, than
the cork
II you should put into a bowl a
quantity OF round beans. and on top OF
tho beans Il quantity or large lead shot
or equal size, anu then shake the bowl
YOU would ind, after Il time, that the
shot were at the bottom ana tho beans
ON top. The explanation Is that the
pressure Of the heavier shot. tending,
toward the bottom. forces the lighter
beans upward.
In like manner the particles Of
water, being heavier than those Of
cork, fore" the latter upward but
more rapidly and uuintcTruptcdly he
cause the water particles are iucom-
parnhly more free in their movements
than the shot In fact. tho freedom
OF movement is so @rca; among the
PARTICLES Of water that heated water
acts almost exactly like the air IN a
chimney when a fire is started be-
low.
The heated water expands and be-
comes lighter, while the cooler and
heavier water presses upon it from all
sides. thus causing it to stream up
ward.
You may ask why the heated air
docs not flow out at the bottom or
the chimney If il Is pressure that makes
it moves The reply is that the pressure
is cXcrted from all sides. ut bottom
as well as at top. In fact. there is
a slight superiority Of pressure at the
bottom, depending for It's amount upon
the height OF the chimney. Fitteer.
pounds 10 the square inch IL the mean
or average pressure OF the ntnos-
phcre NJ the carth's surface. but in
proportion ~ We ascend the pressure
gradually decreases
Your final question Is apparently
based upon the idea that the atmos-
thing in order to be subjected 10 pres-
sure. This would correspond with III,
notion that has sometimes been advo-
Gated that we are not living on the
exterior OF globe. as we think, but
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-24

-" t'e inner SURFACE OF vast spherical
shell But there IS no difficulty T.,
coinprehcndinr the pressure Of Tho -,
inoHphere even though the air lies -,
inc surface of globe. with open. un-
ihpeded space all around it.
The atmospheric pressure is duo %
me same force which gives weight IN
SOHO bodies, viz: gravi,ation. or tho
attraction Of the earth which a,w,,.
acts In the direction of the enr,h,s
center.
me atmosphere consists Of n coz.
tain quantity OF oxygen, nitrogen ana
a Few other invisible gases. ,oi,cd ~
s"ther in nearly fixed propo,,;or.
p"'''cle OF these atmospheric
gases is drawn toward the ear,h,. ~
yer: ana consequently has weight
The weight OF a sinyl. nnr,ii .
almost iuni,csimaIIv small n,,,
combined weight OF all the mir nar,i
cies composing the atlnognhcrr is
about onc-milIionth OF tho w.irb, ~
me entire earth. or say $500 trillIon
.o"S. % ascertain this IL is only nee
esSarE 10 multiply the number ~
square inches Ia the earth,s s,,r,,cc
by fifteen.
1t thus forms Kind of ras.o,s
oct"h' ehNe!op!ns the globe. ana IL !,
Ntic compressed to the density Of
water THIS atmospheric ocean wou,d
nave Il depth OF about thirty-fou fcnt
hHl Unlike the ocean Of water ~.
atmospheric has no absolutely denim,
ana sharply defined surfac. .rlis
arises from the difference in TIE COW
st!tutlon of liquids ana gases
In" ultimate height OF IN. a,,,oe
hneFc Is not cNperimcntally known. but
at Il hoiHht OF 200 miles thcr, Is SIN
c"oush ar 10 inname metcOrs rush
NE ihto IL. Yet Mt that height il is
neon parahly rarer than the gaseous
remnant left In the most perfect
vacuum that we can produce.
outside the atmosphere We punnos.
thhi no medium exists cxcapt Inc So
called luminifcrous ether. witch CON
veys the waves OF light and other
forms OF radiant energy But we can
II" more understand the real nature
OF ether than We can that OF rrayita.
ton.
The supposition of the existence ~
an ether is essential to the e.nlnpa
mons and spccu!atlons of science, but
III itself il is "a mystery TO US An
parcntiy the ether offers no resistance
10 anything moving through il. o. nj
!chst no resistance which Nc can de-
tcct ana inca sure, FOR IL L did tho
atmosphere could not quietly revolyc
as u docs, with the earth. and con-
ttnUa!ly and undisturbcdiy accompany
IN" earth In its revolution around the
sun ana In us NiEht with the sun
through intcrstcllar space.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-24
Nation S Golconda

In the space bounded by two square
blocks in the downtown section OF Man
haitian Island is the Golconda Of the
nation, says the New York Evening
Telegram. In fact the famed city in
bad in the palmiest days OF its historic
past was the treasure house OF the
Maiden Lane OF New York 4. tho won
derIui present 1t would be more
proper TO call Golconda She Maiden
Lane OF India There arc to-day
precious stones to the value II no less
than $Go.000.G00 in the sSfcs and vaults
Of the Maiden Lane district. the gem
center of the Western Hemisphere.
The! include the most perfect, the
rurcst OF diamonds. pearls, rubies, en-
cralds sapphircs and other rams--the
best that Mother Earth has developed
because the wealthy, prosperous dis
eliminating family OF Uncle Sam will
have none but the best
The millions mentioned in this treas
ure house OF America represent gems
only. Tie value OF other iewclry
would bring the total 10 more than
double the amount.
Maiden Lane, so called because In
the ancicn, days when New York was
but II village. cupid shot his darts at
the maids and youths who strolled
along its grassy paths since 1910 has
been the home OF the jewellers. 1t is
not so many years ago when the mar
row, sloping street was lined with the
carriages OF the wealthy who came to
purchase jewels. Practically all OF the
retail jcwelry trade then was ccntcrcd
in Maiden Lane. To-day there are only
a few. and the district has become the
great Wholesale and distributing CEN
ter of the country. 1t is perhaps the
smallest Individual business district in
the world, also the wcalthiest I'm the
value of its treasures.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-24
SEEN ON THE SIDE
Mm,s ul ltcfnr.nr-

How anxious certain good folks seem
We sinners. faults CONTRASTING.
Shall Danish from our eyes each beam
That seems TO us II blessing:
iiut each rcrormcr YOU viii note.
ilrnSs ON with zcst to his own mote
They cannot view the cup that cheers
Without II burst OF sorrow:
y good cigar, will cause their tcars
To flow until the morrow
Bu; they will nurse some suintly vice
And VOW to roast it is no, nice
Fair models of propricty
In their own ESTIMATION
"ould lack the "nciont l'hars"n
Quite OF the reservation.
Beu, him with ease at his own game
And make him hang his head in Ahu,ne.
They c!amor madly all :hc time
'rha, we shall ape their sr;,ccs
Rejecting joys Of every elm"
70 follow in their PAGES
Int I'll be happy when I'd .,ut
To he quite all that they arc not.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-24
Substitutes for Absorbent Cotton.

Recent consular reports mention
several more or less successful cheap
substitutes for absorbent cotton thai
have been introduced since the Euro
pean war began. One Of these, now on
sale in Berlin, is knr wn as "lignin."
and is made Of pine cellulusc. 1t is
said to absorb blood bcttGr than cot
ton. ,but cannot compete with the lat
ter as Il dressing for wounds. II is
use MS IL second dressing. 4 celluIosc
wadding. made by Il secret process
from chemical wool pulp. is now Offer
ell as q dressing for wounds in Sweden.
1t comes in very hin sheets, rcscm-
bling tissue paper. The use OF stcr-
ilizcd sphagnum moss for the same
purpose appears to have been gcncr-
allied by the cxiGcncies arising from
the war.--Scientifc American.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-24

To justify the slightest doubt as to the fair
ness with which President Wilson and Secre
tary Lansing considered the cases OF the Ger
man attaches. And the country should rest
assured that in asking their recall ION ac-
count OF what this government considers their
improper activities in military and naval mat
tcrs. the President and his Secretary of
state used the softer word, Improper in
stead OF the more accurate and harshcr de-
scription, 'pernicious."
In short, the departure OF Captain Won
Papen and the approaching departure OF Cap
tain Boy-Ed have hecn made necessary i'll
the eyes Of the officials intrusted with the
conduct of this cOuntry'S foreign affairs, by
thcir own misconduct. They leave this cOun-
try, not. as they contend under pressure from
the allies. hut for this country's good.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-24
Military and Congress

OWENER fcrcnly may rage the academic
discussion OF the old plan, brought again
into prominence by the agitation for prepared
ness. 10 place the direction Of military policies
entirely in the hands of military men it will
remain academic. Unless there is highly
undesirable revolution in American senti-
ment, that surrender of the primacy of the
civil power will not be made
That the military shall in all cases be
subordinate To civil authority is huttrcssed in
the Constitution and-even more than that
in the genius and tradition of this people. 1t
is reflected i'm the constitutional provision that
makes the President the commandment chief
Oh me army ana navy and i'll the statutes that
establish civilian heads for the two tepart-
ments. Il is not III our scheme OF things
that the executive and Legislative branches of
the government shall have no more concern
with the army and navy than to approve and
supply the money Tor the projects OF the
general siafIs While this theory NAV he
abandoned at some future time, in the face of
some compelling necessity. it is safe to say
that hardly anything of the future is much
more unlikely.
In washington, as dispatches to various
newspapers now are recalling there is CON
siderable friction between Congress and the
army and navy. Army and navy officers are
wont TO speak contcmptuously OF Congress
and Congressman, and these representatives
have been known 10 return the compliment
with compound interest. Judging from the
performances of certain individuals Of both
species. il must be admitted that there is
solid justification for both views
NO unprecedented critic will say that Con-
ercss has done we'll for either army or navy
Both services have been to Il large extent the
football! Of SPOTS politics On the other hand
there are some officers who not exactly
intellectual giants, and whose military ener-
gies are directed principally to the acquisition
and retention OF soft and easy berths
The row between Congress and military
however, has no real relation to the case save
as II may initiate against the adoption of
sound and adequate policy of preparedness
lhat policy, while it should be guided by the
ahleal professional advice the President
secretary OF War and Congress can obtain
should take into consideration other factors
than the exaggerated demands of the service
experts. For one thing, it must consider
where and how the money is to be obtained
an element that is never suffered to mar the
perfect proportions Of the strictly military
equation.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-24
| he Voice Of the PEOPLE
Articles On Tb,,r.

10 the Editor OF The Times Dispatch
-, JuSt wanted 10 express you nv an
pitci"tioh O.! the helpful little talks on thrift
m! ~ ;, ~. Str4"s which are appearing in IN"
IN rs !,ntch read them TO my BOYS ana
i''t ititt thcE arc "a most STIMULATING jrnuanca
~ u" desired direction. " ''''''|e
WIN one OF nay children attended ina ma,
!i.*a conducted by Mr. Straus in frstiyni iInii -
me :o'h rtahciSro Exposition. This fact OF hay
''S seen ann ana Knowing sometime: of the :. inns
o. the society FOR thr!ft AT first hand. serves Of
- q" an added Influence in stimulating
WIN best wishes for the continued success
% inns most worthy effort, am
Did.,,n :. , j. II. MATIiEWSON
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-24
complimeu, From thu Guido.

Newcomer informed the Guide OF capitol
square that he had seen his wife lroad
street Newcomer added that she seemed to he
spry sort.
Yes replied the Guide when she hears of
Il bargain that's cent lower than the regular
price she KIN SIT through her house clcanin am
rit in the push quckern emmy woman thct lives
III the block. But when asst her darn u
sock she yawnS about havin time in ::
manner tibet makes me have that tired fccIn'
which comes over n man when he realizes the
mistake he made in not stayln' in TIA. single
bleSsedness class"
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-24

j" the Editor OF The Times DispatcI.
Sir,-Thc Community Christmas Tr.. T.. ,,,,.
~ NV e'lt,t sources OF he ncticcuce Richmond
~! i.tS ever 'unPt"d II might he termed ,hc
WY. ana Means Of Bcnevolencc ana Cheer"
fII 'i,yn'Hs' rs II u"eS in general way every
yhlid. IN the CITY thus dispensing cheer a nd
nnhplmess I" thousands ANA at The same tine
"i''ii,'mS IN avenue through which the public
~ '"' re can ADMINISTER 30 every needy one of
"nr Guy Formerly this work was done by
'h!IS'iah WORKERS, who cnica Vorcd. as hes, they
couid ascertain 10 reach the empty stockinrs -
ana hcchN poor ana distribute among thcu,
"H'' thcH could collect u various WAYS in
money and other contradictions in many
cases som" oi the most needy. who were loo
proud l" make known their destitute ,n,d,,
itni., We're not reported and, therefore. did no,
S ,i III 'niS "ihprhShtI"n, But presented as
IN" cause Is now. in the light OF !, Chris
t.ce none in want ncci allow their pride 70
icnScS - We"
Richmond, December % 1915