davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-09-21
MINERS DEAD I'm EXPLOSION

By the United Press Associarons..
NUNNEATON, England, Sept. I'll
260 miners were trapped by an ex-
plosion in a colliery here last night.
10 bodies were removed today. 1t is
feared there is heavy loss of life
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-09-21
UNIVERSITY OPEN
HEAVY ENROLMENT
BIG INCREASE OF FRESHMEN IN
ATTENDANCE SHOWN In
OPENING DAY
Come From Far OH POints-Physica
Education Department Strengthened
Idaho Plays Montana First

The University of Idaho opened on
Monday with the prospects of an I'M
usually large enrolment The first
day shows 25S registrations, compared
with 1874 on the first day of last year
A good many students arrived on last
nights trains and it is expected that
today's enrolment will greatly exceed
last years total number. The fresh
man class promises an increase over
previous years.
One of the most gratifying incidents
of the enrolment week is the loyalty
to the state university shown by the
students from southern Idaho. The
benefits of centralized board of con-
troll for higher educational institutions
in this state is being most generous
ly supported. People are realizing
that Idaho education for Idaho youth
is quite the proper practice.
Possibly one of the strongest evil
dences that this view is sound and con-
vincing was illustrated by conversa-
tion with the parents of one of the
young men who is enrolling in the
university today. Their home was in
Chicago but their son was desirous of
preparing himself for work in a west
were seeking a western university
wherein culture and agriculture had
their proportionate recognition. A
product of one of the conservative and
highly cultural colleges of the east
and an ardent admirer of the great
state universities of the middle west,
the father emphatically stated that he
wished his son to be trained in the
schools which specialized in the pro-
fessional, social and civic life of the
state where his life work was to be
centered Naturally it is gratifying to
the friends of the University of Idaho
to learn that their own state universi-
-y was chosen.
The outlook from the standpoint of
athletics in the department of physical
education at the University of Idaho is
)ne of much doubt and uncertainty at
his time largely due to the fact that
his institution has opened much later
han it's associates in the educational |
conference of the Pacific Northwest. |
The director of physical education and |
hose who are mostly concerned with |
he athletic interests are hoping for
vigorous and generous response on
he part of the new students as we'll
s the old ones. This will be par
necessary in order to sup
ort the department in any adequate
7ay during it's time of reorganization
nd readjustment.
The embarrassment incident to the
ate opening at the university is furth
r augmented by the fact that the first
ootball game is to be played with the
[ontana Giants within two weeks of
le university opening With the great
st possible devotion on the part of
le coach and the university men it is
alieved that the university team will
OF be wholly unprepared for its first s
)ntest.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-09-21
RUSSIANS SEEM TRAPPED
WHEN RAILROAD IS CUT
Won t1INDENBURG REPORTED BY BERLIN TO-
HAVE SEVERED IMPORTANT COMMUNICATION
BULGARIA is MODELLING
Expected Now That Entire Balkan Powers Will
Take Like Action French Bombarding of Ger
man Trenches for Three Weeks Explained
(By United Press

BERLIN. MARSHAL Won HINDENBURG
THE yILNA-DARANOYITSHI RAILROAD
SLAMS HOPED FROM WAS OFFICIALLY
TODAY THIS MOVE LEAVES THE FLEEING SLAVS In
A POSITION
Bulgaria Shows Hand
WASHINGTON, SEPT 21-BULGARA HAS ORDERED MOBILIZA-
uON "IN THE INTEREST
ED THIS ACTION FOLLOWED MOBILIZATION
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-09-21
MONSTER STREET PARADE
USHERED in FALL FAIR
MAGNIFICENT PROCESSION OF FLOATS VIEWED
BY THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES

Great Crowds Poured Into the Fair Grounds, Said by
the Management to Be the Largest First Day
Attendance in History of Organization
A RECORD BREAKING CROWD FOR A AT A LATAH
COUNTY MARKED THE
FIFTH ANNUAL SHOW AND THE MANAGEMENT
ED ON ALL SIDES FOR SPLENDID
VISITORS AT THE FAIR. FEATURE
NFICANT PARADE CONSISTING
THE PARADE THE JUDGES SELECTED TO MAKE AWARD
THE BEST DIVISION ANNOUNCED AT GRANDSTAND
INDUSTRIAL DIVISION IN COMMAND OF W. LEUALLEN
AWARDED THE PRIZE OFFERED BY FAIR MANAGEMENT
Parade Started at 1870
THE PARADE STARTED AT THE HARVESTER
STREET AT 1880 MAIN STREET WAS LINED WITH THOUSANDS
OF PEOPLE As THE MOSCOW BAND FORWARD
IT WAS GREETED WITH ROUND AFTER
C.. LIVINGSTON WAS GRAND MARSHAL
FIRST PLACE IN THE PARADE THE AUTOMOBILE DIVISION
DIRECTION A CREDITABLE
DIRECTION OF IDDINGS AND DISPLAY
TY ATTRACTED GREAT ATTENTION. &
MOOD SHOWED SOME OF FINEST BRED
DIVISION NUMBER OF SCHOOL GIRLS HORSEBACK
SPECIAL NOTICE. WHILE THE WILD WEST AGGREGATION
Err AMUSEMENT ATTRACTIONS A
THE RACE HORSES ATTENDANCE OCCUPIED
A SECTION THE INDUSTRIAL DIVISION
MR. LIEUALLEN FOR THE FINE SHOWING MADE.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-10-29
A Glimpse of Lisbon.

Lisbon leaves the definite impression
Of a gay, bright capital. if not of a
truly beautiful city. Beautiful it GER
tainly is by nature, seated on its lofty
hills overlooking the Tagus and inter-
spersed everywhere with semitropic
gardens and largOs, but its newer
houses are too rectangular, too lack
ing in imagination, to make anything
but rather msnotonous streets. Even
the Praca do Commerce., though laid
out upon truly magnificent scale,
fails to arouse enthusiasm.
This is the city's aspect to the casual
visitor who devotes but day or two to
its sights. But to one who is willing to
give it week or more it holds many
attractions.
The seeker for the picturesque will
delight in the water front in the morn
ing hours and in the fisher folk-the
men in black bag caps and knee
breeches; the women, barefoot, setting
out with basket on head to trot the
city streets. These fishwives are the
most picturesque of the Lisbon types,
and most of them are really beautiful,
the fine OvalS of their faces. their
smooth compilations and lustrOus. al
mond shaped eyes recalling the Maui
resques and clearly bespeaking their
oriental origin. - Ernest Peixotto in
Scribner's.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-10-29
MISTAKE TO CHANGE BREEDS
Start With the Kind Liked Best and
Stick to lt-Cull Poor Specimens
and Buy Better Ones.

To change breeds every now and
then is poor practice. One should be
very careful before the particular
breed is chosen. To use a Holstein.
sire one year in order to obtain a
large flow of milk, Guernsey sire an
other year to secure richness of milk,
and Shorthorn sire the next time,
is the wrong principle to employ in
the breeding and raising of good COWS.
Undoubtedly some good COWS will
be obtained in the herd from such
methods of procedure, but there will
be no uniformity of size, form, appear
ance and production, and the owner
has no assurance of what he is going
to get in the future. 1t is a case of
too many in the mixture, and it is
guesswork as to which one will come
to the top.
First, select the breed with great
care, then stick to it. If mistake is
made the first time in obtaining poor
specimens and poor producers, then
rectify the mistake as soon as possible
by selecting the right kind of sire
belonging to the same breed to head
the herd, or by selling the animals
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-10-29
A Pen Portrait of CarlvIa

He looked, | thought, the prophet
His clothes loose and careless, for
comfort, now show; the shaggy, I'M
kempt gray thatch of hair; the long
head the bony, almost feshless face
of one who has tasted and suffered;
the tyrannous overhanging cliff fore
head; the firm, heavy mouth and out
thrust challenging chin-the face of a
fighter; force everywhere, brains and
will dominant; strength redeemed by
the deepset eyes, most human, beauti-
full; by turns piercing, luminous ten
der, cleaning; pathetic, too, for the
lights were usually yelled in brooding
sadness, broken oftenest by a look of
dumb despair and regret; a strong
sad face, the saddest face | ever studi.
ed-all petrifed so to speak, in tear
less misery as of one who had come
to wreck by his own fault and was
tortured by remOrse-the worm that
dieth not.-From Contemporary Por
traits" by Frank Harris.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-10-29
JUDGED by Appearances.

In Twenty Years of My Life" Doug.
las Sladen recalls story told at the
Authors club long ago by Sir j. M.
Barrie against himself and in broad
Doric:
Il expect it was just a ben trovato,
but it was none the less amusing. He
apologized for being late. He had
been to the wrong club. He had never
been to the Authors club before, he
said Though he was a member of the
committee), so he asked a policeman
the way. From the way in which he
pronounced the word the policeman
thought he meant Arthurs, which was
quite near the Authors club when it
was in it's temporary premises in Park
place. When he got there he found it
very grand place, he said. The club
porter looked him up and down and
said, The servants entrance is round
the corner"
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-10-29
SECURE THE CLEANEST MILK
Barns Should Be Kept UnpoIIuted and
Yards Free From Manure and
T. Litter of All Kinds.

!, These rules are given for the clean
est milk obtainable with only little
more than ordinary care: Barns should
be kept clean and we'll ventilated, the
yards free from manure and litter and
drained so that no water will stand
there. Before milking, the COWS
should be brushed around the TANKS
and udder with stiff brush; this
should be followed with damp cloth
which will remove many of the dust
PARTICLES and so dampen the others
that they will stick to the cow during
the process of milking. The mixer
should keep his hands dry during the
milking. Milking with damp hands
is a filthy process and is apt to cause
the teats Of a COW to chafe and be-
come a source of annoyance. The milk
should be removed from the barn or
milking pen to a milk bouse just as
soon as possible after it is drawn. The
milk should be separated and the
cream cooled as soon as possible after
milking.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-10-29
This is the day of thinkers, and it is

to the dairyman's advantage to belong
to this class. The proposition con-
fronting the dairyman today is not
primarily a matter of location, soil
or climate; it IS he, himself, that
stands in the way of his own progress.
Few people realize what intelligence,
care and study, what patience, obser-
walton and experience are needed to
make a good dairyman, to interpret
to the mind the language of the COW
in such manner as to understand
her every need and be able to properly
supply it. The inherent and fatal
weakness of many people is that they
wholly ignore the really important
and decisive factor of success in all
fields of human activity, viz, trained
and intelligent judgment based on
sound theory and practice. The cause
and cure for the backwardness of the
dairyman is in his mind, and I'm the
solution of his problems chtse promi-
hence must be given to the human fac
tor. The trouble with many aRirymen
is that they think they know, which is
the worst possible kind of ignorance.
THE first step of knowledge is to
know that we are ignorant" Our
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-10-29
SEPARATION OF SOUR MILK
Pour From One Pan to Another,
Breaking Up Curd as Fine as Pos
sible-Prevents Clogging.

Milk that has curdled will separate
with difficulty. Such milk should be
thoroughly mixed previous to separat-
ing, by pouring from one can into an
other. In this way the curd is broken
up as finely as possible, so that it will
not clog the machine. The separation
of curdled milk finally clogs the skim
milk tubes, with the result that more
skim milk passes through the cream
outlet, making thinner cream.
On the other hand, when sour milk
which has not curdled is separated,
the cream produced will be thicker.
This is due to the fact that cream
from sour milk has a high viscosity,
or is less fluid, and smaller proper
ton of cream is delivered, contain
ing higher per cent OF fat.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-10-29
The Historical BIuebeard.

Bluebeard was historical parsonage
whose name was Giles de Retz. He
was nicknamed "Barbe Bleue," from
having a beard Of blue black shade.
Persuaded by an Italian alchemist that
his strength could be restored by bath
ing in the blood of infants, he had
many children entrapped for this
hideous purpose into his castle Of
Chamtoce, on the Loire, the ruins Of
which are still to be seen. At last the
horrible suspicious of the country folk
as to what was going on were proved,
and the monster was burned at the
stake at Nslntes in 1440.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-10-29
Verdi and His Admirer.

Verdi was once travelling in the same
railway carriage with General Tour
non. They got into conversation,
which soon turned on the subject Of
music, and the general, who did not
know his companion, expressed en-
thusiastic preference for that of Italy.
81 can hardly go so far with you"
replied the other. For me, art has
no frontiers, and l give German music
the preference over Italian"
Indeed, SIR ii the 2'reral te'ti-
ly. For my pat. | WoHl ! Give all
the German o. ar"s il the void for
one act of 'RigolettO.'
"You really must excuse me from
following you any further on this
ground" replied the composer, blush
ing little. 81 am Verdi
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-10-29
lglHlH Observation-Disclosures lIiilhalI NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.

when the sea or great lakes rolled
over what is now the northwest 0.
this continent. 1t was water that de-
posted the stratified sediments which
are now these rocks.
Untold ages passed, and the sea or
lake bottom, under the urge of terrific
forces hidden in the interior of the
earth, lifted, emerged and became
land. Untold ages passed, and the
land hardened into rocks. And all
the time the forces kept pressing to-
gether and upward the rocky crust of
the earth. For untold ages this crust.
held safe.
Result of Titantic UpheavaI.
At last the pressure won. The rocks
first yielded upward in long irregular
wavelike folds. Gradually these folds,
grew in size. When the rocks could
stand the strain no longer, great
cracks appeared and one broken edge,
the western, was thrust upward and
over the other. The edge that was
thrust over the other was thousands
of feet thick It's crumbling formed
the mountains and the precipices.
When it settled the western edge Of
this break overlapped the eastern
edge ten or fifteen miles.
This thrusting of one edge of the
burst and split continent over the 9TH
er edge is called faulting by biologists
and this particular fault is called the
Lewis overthrust.
Thus was formed, in the dim days
before man, for the pleasure of the
American people of today, the Glacier
National park.
Today the visitor finds this the most
wonderful combination of mountain
tops in America, bounded by vertical
walls sometimes 1000 feet in height
diversified by many glistening glaciers
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-10-29
of competitive qualification tests as a
requisite for appointment to office.

Of competitive qualification tests as a
requisite for appointment to office.
To combat the rather general i'm
preston that competitive examina-
lions in all cases mean the answering
of stereotyped technical questions,
Mr.. Wales said:
For these bgh-grade positions
where men Of experience and attain
ments are needed an examination is
given which does not require the COM
petitors to assemble at any place or
to answer technical questions. They
are called upon to furnish, under oath.
a detailed statement of their education
and experience, including all the work
they have done since graduation. They
also may II Gsked to submit an orig
inal thesis or report on published
works, and they are required to give
Tie names 6" persons able and com
Potent to testify rs to their experience
and personal fitness.
' confidential inquiry is made by the
commission from various sources as
we'll as of all persons referred to by
the applicant, Gratifyingly accurate
end discriminating testimony is OBJ
tanned by this means of confidential
communication, Such testimony ap-
proximates, if not equals, the testi-
mony adduced upon cross-eXamination
in judicial proceedings. A demonstra-
ton Of the ability Of the competitive
system to obtain high-class men for
technical positions has been made
within the past year, in connection
with the employment of men to ap-
praise the value of the property of
common carriers in the United States
For this work the interstate COM
merce commission required men with
qualifications ranging all the way from
rodman and chairman to senior posi-.
tons in civil, mechanical, structural
electrical and architectural engineer.
ing, as well as motive power men and
expert accountants.
There have been approximately
$4,000 applicants for these positions
and the task of sitting the wheat from
the chaff and of grading the wheat
after the sitting was one of consider
able magnitude but it was done, and
it was done so we'll that the interstate
commerce commission expressed its
qualification to find that it could Sc
cure force so well equipped to per
form the gigantic task of obtaining
an accurate appraisal of the value o.
common carrier property. A system
which can successfully secure com
| petent force of high-grade engineers
for this valuation work could surely
provide the proper kind of men tt
have charge of the construction ant
maintenance of public highways"
1t is expected that steps will b.
taken to wage an active campaign il
every state for the elimination of tn,
spoils system and to substitute for
the merit system.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-10-29
MAKES GOOD FLY REPELLANT
Mixture of Rancid Lard and Kerosene
Will Afford Professionalism Oil
Is Also Used.

Three excellent fly repellants for use
on the dairy COW are made as fol-
lows
Rancid lard, one pound and kero-
sene one-half pint, mixed into creamy
mass and rubbed not too thickly with
hand or cloth over the backs of COWS,
will give protection for several days.
Three parts fish oil and one of kero-
sene applied with small spray pump
will do the same.
Fish oil 100 parts, oil of tar 30 parts
and crude carbolic acid ! part, ap-
piled with a spray pump is good fly
repelant.
All are inexpensive and are recon-
mended by the United States depart
ment OF agriculture.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-10-29
INFLUENCE COLOR OF BUTTER
Markets Demand Yellow Tint Which
Is Supplied by Use of Dyes or
Character of Cows Feed.

Although it is fact that some dairy
breeds give yellower milk than others,
even though it may be no richer in
fat, the thing OF greatest influence in
colCr is the kind of feed the cows
are getting Market demands call for
a yellow butter, which is supplied in
the creamery by the use of certain
harmless vegetable dyes, the use of
which dairy laws rightly permit.
The color also can be fed into the
milk and make the use of dyes un.
necessary. Carrots, for example, color
milk and cream quickly. One Of the
natural coloring materials in milk and
butter is called carotin, from carrots,
and this material is found in many
food materials 1t is plentiful in fresh
green grass, hence the milk colors
up we'll in early spring. Alfalfa hay,
cured to have a bright green color,
contains good SUPPLIES of carotin, which
appears in the cream as result.
Hay which has lost this green color,
dry corn fodder, silage, straw, yell
low corn and white, wheat, wheat
bran, cottonseed meal and other milled
feeds contain practically none, and
cream from cows so fed will produce
a light colored butter unless artificial
coloring is supplied. The color adds
nothing to the value or digestibility
Of butter, save in ones mind, but the
market demands yellow butter all
the year round and the color must
either be supplied in the feed or in
the creamery
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-10-29
FACTOR IN COMMUNITY LIFE.
United States Just Beginning to Real.
ize Importance of Better Highways.

United States Just Beginning to Real.
ize Importance of Better Highways.
No single factor plays such an i'm.
pOrtant part in the social and business
life of a community as the quality Of
its roads. Aside from the pleasure and
convenience Of travel possible at all
times over permanent roads, there is
the financial phase which directly con-
Germs the cost not only of farm produce,
but of city products as well; conse-
quently everybody wants good roads.
In the matter of paying for perma-
nent highways a generally satisfactory
agreement seems to have been reached
in the proposed distribution of the cost
between the nation, the state, the coun.
~ and the users of the road in ques.
ton. AS Il result within a few years
this country will take its rightful lead
ing position among the nations of the
world in the number of miles of Derma.
nent roads.
In Il way it is fortunate that the
United States has been rather slow in
The matter of rOadmakiEg. The roads
can now be built of lasting materials,
such as will withstand the wear Of
motor traffic, which is fast running Eu.
ropes century Old roadways. Lasting
road materials are everywhere present
in the form of sand and gravel from
PITS and stream beds and crushed rock
from stone quarrieS. Combined with
portland cement into concrete they
form an inexpensive and permanent
road surface which successfully resists
the usually destructive action of auto
mobiles.
The first consideration in the build
ing of concrete roads is careful study
of local deposits of sand, gravel and
rock called the aggregated to see
whether they are suitable for concrete.
Sand must he clean and hard and must
srale uniformly in size Of grain from
inch down. The same APP
plies practically to gravel and crushed
rock.
There are two phases of the cost of
any fmprOvement-frst cost and up
keep expense. In both items the con.
crete road has proved less expensive
than any other kind Of permanent
roadway. OF Some three million yards
OF city and country concrete pave
mcntS built IN recent years the aver
age fist cost has been $1.22 a square
yard. The annual uplleep expense a
mile on these roads has been almost
nothing In BellefOntaine, o., concrete
paycments in use eighteen years have
.ost annually for maintenance only
0ne-quarter Of one cent a square yard.
Upkeep cost of Wayne county, Mich,
Country concrete roads for three years
has averaged but $3.50 a mile.
In 1911 the mean cost of repairing
macadam roads in New York state was
$500 a mile-1O per cent of the first
cost. If these roads had been con-
crete. practically all the immense ex-
pense could have been saved and used
in building new roads instead of re-
pairing old ones. With better roads
will come better schools, better church
es, happier homes, better business and
decreased cost Of living
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-10-29
SUPERVISION OF ROAD WORK
Suggestion Made by American High
way Association and National
Civil Service Reform League.

A concerted movement for ski ID
supervision of roadwo,, throughout
the United States has been launched
by the American Highway association
and the National Civil Service Reform
league. These two great organizations
co-operated in the holding of a ses-
sion at the recent American road con-
gress devoted to a consideration Of
ment. The United States civil service
commission was represented by CHIEF
Examiner George r. Wales, who
pointed out the manifest advantages