The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-04-04

year the inccssant rain had well niGh
ruined the harvest, aud already these
shcaves had been drcnchcd four times and
turned and dried again before they could
he gathered.
1t was not. where In the
modern world is ito get farm
hands. for most of the peasants have
little fields # their own which they
must take care of before they hire
themselves out TO the landed propric-
tors. Bcsd. x. many have emigrated
to Europe, not America. THEY get
better wages there said a host;
they don't want lot Of beer as the
Germans do. and they mostly live on
potatoes and porridge; so they are
abb, to save money, and they're very
good in sending money home 10 their
Old parents"
Lwow. pronounced Lvoof. Is Lem
berg. 1t was built by the Ruthenians
as IA fortress against the Tatar: be-
sleged. looted and burned by Tatar
ard Lithuanian; rebuilt by Casimr
the Great; traded cast and west, north
To Danag and south to Venice: was
captured by Charles XII. and again
by the Hungar.ans; was rep atcdly
plundered by Turks and WallaChlans:
in the seventeenth century had all her
citizens exalted to the nobility: IN
dured long the harsh rule of Austria.
with hopeless revults aud severe pun
iShmcnts. and only In the last half
century has enjoyed something Ike
sclf-guvcrnmcnt and put Oh the aspect
OF "a modern prosperous town.
xvus in ig1y fhat ia, attl ,.fs ,rn .
in Austrian Poland. She says: 81
stayed in the country more than three
months. always with Polish people.
and ! never heard any one complain
of injustice from the Austrians. save
only in the matter of the Ruthenians.
Austria favors and conciliatos them,
I was told hoping that in case of war
with Russia the other Ruthenians now
under Russian rule would embrace
her cause. For her scat Is insecure
the ms Of her Government are en-
tangled and her administration is
feeble" That view of Austria's condi-
ton was common enough in 1913: IL In
one Of tho views that have had To he
revised in the last year. l. chaps
Austr.a's part in the war may he sad
To- have been thus far more bitter than
brilliant. bat ii must be acknowledged
that she has acquitted herself like
anything but the decrcpit. decaycd
cunglomcration of III assorted. cen
trlfugal elements as which she was
before the great test came, so rlibly
represented.
In PrusSian Poland the bold explorer
found much unhappincss she dwclls
particularly upon the Government
urctcxts and pretences of lcnienCo.
granting privileges with conditional
clauses innocent enough on paper but
mighty useful to widcawake alien adj
ministrators, gracefully contingent
pcrmissions which are never granted.
She does not report Industrial Poland:
probably the difficulties of entrance
were too great.
She adds, in her Introductory note
dated November 1914. "A Contributory
note to the testimonies recently add
duced of Polish hopes in Russian gem
crosby inspired by eNigent need :
The Polish nature is not OF that
ungcnerous kind which cncrishes i'm
placablc hatred. and at the present
moment the sentiments of the Poles
toward Russia are rapidly changing.
I Trusting in the magnanimous resolu-
ton Of the Car supported by the
good viii of England and France. their
attitude of mind is now ono If recon
ciliation. Of loyalty and of confidence
in the future The Poles have
trusted before, and been betrayed, both
by their own impulsive. impetuous
nature and by the readiness Of others
to take advantage OF il. Many Poles
died in Napoleon's service in San Do
mingo in the time OF Toussaint l'Ou-
venture, many more IN the retreat
! from Moscow. In the war Of Russia
with Japan, so il is reported. they
I fell 10y regiments, and word went
! back: The regiment is lost; no use
TO inquire after individuals" And to-
day who can say what Poland and her
people will be tomorrow? In the
I quest for an answer to that Question
I Miss Little's report is not 20 be over
| looked.