davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Columbus courier. [volume] (Columbus, Luna County, N.M.) 1911-1920, 1915-04-02
UE IoN1O az

Knowing that during the days OF the actual
Easter celebration we would have little oppor.
tunity TO see these things, owing TO the great
crowds, we took occasion to visit them the day
following our arrival. Among the principal
places Of interest in the Church OF the Holy
Sepulcher are the supposed tomb Of Christ, the
stone Of JUNCTION, the holy sepulcher, tho Greek
church. the chapel Of ST. Helena and Mount
Calvary.
The first OF the Easter services in the holy
city consists OF the washing OF feet" This
occurs on the Thursday before Good Friday. 1t
is a Greek ceremony. short and unexciting. and
takes place In the courtyard OF the church Not
withstanding that It Ia unexciting. every available
space In the courtyard and every commanding
window and r%ooftop was occupied as the Greek
patriarch bathed the feet Of twelve OF his priests
as they we're seated upon a little platform.
On the next day--Good Friday-we witnessed
the Latin ceremony OF the crucihxion. This Is
interesting I'm a way, but somewhat shocking to
the occidental idea. This ceremony takes place
over what Is said TO be the actual site OF tho
crucihxion. Il is performed before a cross on
which a dummy hgure has been nailed. AT the
conclusion the figure is taken down from the
cross and placed in a white sheet. the crown OF
thorns and the nails drawn from the hands and
feet" being placed on silver salvers. After this
a procession is formed which leada to the slime
OF junction., where sermons are delivered In six
different languages.
Saturday afternoon we witnessed the ceremony
OF the holy ERE" to the minds OF the pilgrims
the most important OF all There Is a certain
impressiyeness about II. but the grandeur Is lost
in the mad struggle between the Latin and
Greek worshipers that changes what should be
a solemn ceremony into a veritable mob scene.
AT the time we were there much talk was heard
Of either abandoning this ceremony or greatly
modifying Il, and ! must confess that all OF our
party agreed that unless Il could be conducted
in an orderly manner It should certainly be aban-
dOned.
There is an old tradition in Jerusalem that
long after Christ had arisen and departed from
the holy sepulcher holy IRE from heaven was
seen to descend into The sepulcher. Time has
deprived this tradition Of the greater part OF It's
weight, but It must be admitted that many OF
the poor faithful but ignorant pilgrims still be-
The Columbus courier. [volume] (Columbus, Luna County, N.M.) 1911-1920, 1915-04-02
ERROR DELAYS
RESCUE OF "a
RESCUE CHAINS HOOKED TO OLD
ANCHOR OF OREGON INSTEAD
or SUBMARINE.
TRUE LOCATION FOUND
DIVER GOES DOWN 2t5 FEET IN
SEARCH FOR WAR BOAT; ALL
HOPE FOR CREW LOST.
western Newspaper Union News Service,

Western Newspaper Union News Service.
Honolulu, March 29.-After two
days OF wasted effort In hooking and
pulling what proved TO be an old
anchor instead Of the missing United
States submarine F-4, relief workers
discovered tho location Of the trapped
vessel outside tho harbor.
The discovery that an error had
been made as to the location Of the
F4 destroyed the last faint hope OF
finding any of the submarines crew
OF twenty-one men alive. The anchor
that was mistaken for the submerged
vessel by the grapplers was n from
the battleship oregon. Gray paint
scratched from this anchor helped to
deceive the relief workers into believ-
ing that the hooks had caught on the
submarine.
They are confident that they now
have located the F-4. Portions OF the
superstructure have been brought to
the surface.
The dredge California will shift
mornings, tugs will crisscross in all
directions and an attempt will he
made to lift the submarine.
W. G. Parks, a civil engineer, has
started construction OF an immense
diving bell, a 54.inch cast iron pipe
seven feet in height, fitted with plate
glass.
A diver named Agraaz, clad only in
a Jersey suit, slightly reinforced, and
q divers helmet, descended in an he
roic attempt to reach the lower end
Of 215 feet OF chain. For 20 minutes
he was going down. In 81 minutes
from the signal he was at the sur
face again, showing nc III effects OF
the unusual performance, said by
naval officers to be q worlds record
for deep sea diving.
Agraaz reported that the chain was
touled with an old anchor lost from
the battleship Oregon some time ago.
He had seer no trace Of the F4.
Despair supplanted hope when two
divers discovered that chains from the
dredger California, which had been
touled with something on the floor Of
the ocean outside Honolulu harboT
since Friday afternoon were not at
tached to the lost craft.
Lieutenant Charles e. Smith, who
has been In constant personal charge
Of the search since the F4 dlsap
peared, v orders to resume drag
ging the bottom Of the sea.
The Columbus courier. [volume] (Columbus, Luna County, N.M.) 1911-1920, 1915-04-02
CORN STALKS TO HOLD SNOW
Added Moisture Makes Soil Less II.
able to elow-Wlnd ls Checked,
Reducing the Drifting.

II is sometimes a good plan to leave
some of the corn stalks standing
Every fourth row left standing will
hold a lot Of snow on the land. At the
North Dakota experiment station Il
was found that one-fourth Of the corn
stalks left standing stopped about as
much snow as when all we're left. This
will In many cases mean a good deal
10 the next crop. The added moisture
will make the soil less liable TO blow,
and the standing stalks win check the
wind a good deal. near the surface,
and this also reduces the drifting. Bet
ter try leaving a few rows and see II
Il does not pay.
The Columbus courier. [volume] (Columbus, Luna County, N.M.) 1911-1920, 1915-04-02
SUDAN GRASS ON DRY LANDS
Where Climatic Conditions Are Cult.
cd Il ls Most Promising Annual
Hay Crop Vet Tried.
7ny ALVIN KEYsER Colorado Expert.
mani Elnllnnl l

my ALVIN KEYsER Colorado Expert
ment Station.) .
A previous article on Sudan grass
has aroused so much letter inquiry
that II Ia thought that further ex-
PLANTATION In regard to the crop would
be helpful.
Sudan grass belongs to the o
ghum family OF plants. IL IL finer
stemmed than cane and natures in
a shorter season. Like all scrghums.
however. II Is distinctly a warm
weather plant. There are very few
localities where II will do we'll at
attitudes higher than 5000 feet. In
some favored locations II can be
grown somewhat higher than that. It
is generally adapted to the Colorado
plains conditions as a dry land an
nual crop.
II cannot be pastured, but makes
a very rapid growth when warmth
and moisture conditions are proper.
It can be expected to yield as much
as a ton per acre on practically all Of
the dry lands worth %cultivating and
in fairly favorable seasons may go as
high as four tons per acre.
Sudan grass is a good producer and
will harvest seed at the rate of 800
up to as high as 1000 pounds per acre
under the very best conditions. Un.
der ordinary dry land conditions seed
yields OF 500 to 1000 pounds per acre
are not unusual.
On the dry lands this crop should
be planted in rows and cultivated. II
is not especially adapted for irrigated
conditions. although II will make a
heavy growth as an annual hay crop
II II Is desired to use II for such pur.
poses. In the Arkansas valley, the
season is long enough and hot enough
to make two crops most years under
irrigation. Under dry land conditions
n crop is all that ear be expected
except in unusually wet seasons
Where climatic conditions are warm
enough, Sudan grass Is the most
promising annual hay crop yet tried,
II will not do we'll in the higher alti'
tudes where the nights are cool, the
seasons short and the days often cool,
When seeded In rows, FIVE or siS
pounds per acre Is amply sufficient
The row should be put from three
TO three and one-half feet apart In
order 10 permit of cultivation. Seed
ed broadcast, ten TO fifteen pounds
is sufficient under dry land conditions,
The Columbus courier. [volume] (Columbus, Luna County, N.M.) 1911-1920, 1915-04-02
BIG MEXICAN sArrLE BEGINS
Brownsville In Terror When Villa Msr
Plan to Use Artillery.


Brownsville, Tex. March 29.-Gravt
apprehensIons we're aroused among Of
ficials here by the report that wills
officers have decided the defenses OF
Matamoros, opposite here, must be re
duced, presumably by artillery. The
people OF Brownsville are greatly tx
cited. The possibility of artillery
shells falling In Brownsville was lndt
Gated by the wOanding OF two persons
In the residence section here by stray
rifle bullets which rained on part OF
the town during the first assault on
MatamorOs trenches.
The assault was a costly failure OF
the villa forces, In which their losses
were officially given as 100 killed and
400 wounded.
The Carranza losses we're ten killed
and forty.five wounded.
Upon orders from Washington, Col
A. p. Blookaom, commanding the Dor
der patrol here, stopped the bringing
OF Mexican wounded to this side and
placed a guard over those already
here.
The Columbus courier. [volume] (Columbus, Luna County, N.M.) 1911-1920, 1915-04-02
ANA 81 anndItn Eseape Posse.

Oklahoma City, okla.-Members Of
the band Of deaperadoes who escaped
from Stroud Saturday after robbing
two national banks Of $4,000. eluded
half a dozen mounted posses and we're
believed TO be riding safely toward the
Businesses Of the Klamichi mountains
with their spells. Five we're IN the
party which escaped, Il was learned
from eye.wltnesses, while two OF the
band, Henry Starr, notorious Cherokee
desperate, and a man named Estes,
were wounded and captured.
The Columbus courier. [volume] (Columbus, Luna County, N.M.) 1911-1920, 1915-04-02
DUCKS MUST HAVE SHELTER
Many Farmers Beginning 20 Realize
That Well-Bred Fowl, " Properly
Cared For, ls Profitable.

Many farmers vino ear duoks, leave
them to md shelter as best they can,
and for years this plan has seemed 10
do fairly well on some farms; but Of
late they are learning that well-bred
ducks. II properly cared for, are a
profitable side line.
While II takes no more food to raise
the well-bred duck than It does TO
raise the scrub. they do require slight.
~ more care. and they should have
some sort Of shelter. Build a neat, in.
expensive duck house and note the
difference in the looks and health OF
your flock.
The Columbus courier. [volume] (Columbus, Luna County, N.M.) 1911-1920, 1915-04-02

Although II was midday when We arrived and
the sun beat down mercilessly, many OF these
tired pilgrims had spread a small scarf or shawl
across sticks and we're sleeping in its shade.
stl they continued to flock into the city, carry
ing palm branches in their hands, until all the
Highways round about Jerusalem were lined
with these weary but devout people.
One could not help plying them, while at the
same time admiring their wonderful devotion.
Thousands OF them had walked hundreds Of
miles through Russia and across inhospitable
Turkey. being treated In the latter place more
like dogs than human beings. II there Is one
thing above another a Turk hates. something
that arouses his Indignation, II Ia
the sight OF these Christians, devout members OF
the Greek church. %plodding afoot across the
%sultan's domain with but one thought In view
to kiss the tomb OF Christ. You can only
marvel at their religious zeal which enables them
20 withstand the %tortures Of a long journey and
the abuse Of the cold-blooded Turks.
Fortunately, our quarters had been reserved
long I'm advance, otherwise we, too, would have
been forced to camp among the pilgrims beside
the highway. As these pilgrims come IN sight
of the Holy Land they fall upon their knees, fac
ing the Jerusalem they love, so simple ana peah'
tiful is their faith.
Jerusalem's places Of interest during the Easter
week are many. They are made memorable
through their association with Christ on aud
prior to the day OF his crucifxion. We hrst VS.
tied the Garden OF Gethsemane, where so many
wears ago. ne MHuL " Nt@gf w - f
thine" This is really a very small plot OF ground
about twenty nve feet square, containing many
flower beds and some extremely old olive trees.
Always kept in good order, on ehe occasion u
Easter this hAllowed garden is made glorious
with beds OF flowers In full bloom
There Is also the Via Doloross, or the street
~ sorrows." through which Christ passed on MS
vay 20 calvary Along this street are the varl'
ans stations OF the cross, recording the incidents
in this memorable journey.
Tbsn there Is the Church Of the Holy sepnl
cher wbero the elaborate Easter ceremonies are
bsJd This church Is in reality a massive ouio'
inc containing vast e%oRgeries OF e~hurches'
channels and shrines In which the various sects
vcorsbip. There are within these walls thifty
even po-caIled holy places" although II must
he said that there Is a grave question as 70 the
an,bentlcity OF many Of these.
A We approached the outer gates o. this
church We we're annoyed by the painfully ineon'
e-nons note which was struck BY the deafening
mediev caused by the yelling and screaming OF
desiera IN ARTICLES de plete,' or, 10 otner words
sho,v relics." All sorts Of vendors were shout
49, a. me tops Of their voices ana eagerly
ols,chlne At All comers IN their frantic endeaYors
a. male a sale-reprehentative descendants. M
S.sd 81 they who once made the temple q
house Of merchandise
The Columbus courier. [volume] (Columbus, Luna County, N.M.) 1911-1920, 1915-04-02

lieve the flames they wit
ness to be literally holy
FIRE.
We secured a good van.
tage point from one Of the
upper balconies, and by
two o'clock the church
was filled to overlooking
with a jealous yet excit-
able mob. The Greek
patriarch, accompanied by
the Armenian high priest.
entered the holy sopul'
cher, and instantly there
was a hush throughout all
the church. On either
side Of the sepulcher are
holes, and soon fiames ap-
peared through these
holes. Instantlythe strug-
gle commenced. To us It
was a terrible sight TO see
the pilgrims fight to get
near the holy iiame Each
pilgrim held a candle, and
The Columbus courier. [volume] (Columbus, Luna County, N.M.) 1911-1920, 1915-04-02
lrALv CALLS MEN TO ARMS.
Eyss Of Europe csntsred on Battle lr
Cafpathlans.

Rome, March 29.-All the Alpine
troops Of the first category, born IL
1888, have been called to the colors by
the Italian War Department for forty
five days. The official military jour
nal also calls to the colors all artillery
and engineer reserve officers for sixty
days from April 16. The war spirit
is spreading rapidly owe the kingdom
according to late advices, and 1t is ex
pected the plunge into the conflict vii
be taken at once.
London.-The battles for the Car
pathian passes continue with extreme
violence, this being the only regior
where, for the moment, fighting on g
large scale Is taking place. The eyes
OF all Europe are centered there.
The Columbus courier. [volume] (Columbus, Luna County, N.M.) 1911-1920, 1915-04-02

Young heifers that are fed Just
enough TO keep them alive grow up
into rough beasts with large horns,
coarse hair, thick skin and high bones
and other marks Of starveiinSs. They
are seldom good cows.
The Columbus courier. [volume] (Columbus, Luna County, N.M.) 1911-1920, 1915-04-02

s WE crossed Palestine. riding over
those ancient byways that wind
through hill and dale leading to the
holy city, we we're deeply impressed
by the piigrims-not only by their
numbers but by their very air Of
patient eagerness-as they trudged
the dusty roads footsore and weary.
AS we neared the city we knew that
Jerusalem was already filled to over
flowing with these pilgrims, because
the roads leading into the city were
lined on either side with crowds of
these pilgrims camping in the bitches,
with their pots and pans and bedding.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1915-05-13
HAMMOND SAYS IF
U. S. POINTS THE WAY
PEACE CAN Be MADE

Cleveland, O., May 12.-The convening
of the world court congress here this
afternoon for a three days session is at
the psychological moment according to
members of the congress.
The part America as neutral will
play in the final settlement of the war
will be important" said John HAYS IAN
mond. chairman. IF the United States,
as the mutual friend OF the warning ma
tons, is able to point the way to an eff
fective international court of justice
there is every reason TO believe the bel
ieerents will be willing to accept it.
The object of this congress is, first, to
arouse the American public to a con-
seriousness of the possibilities in such d
tribunal and, second. to develop an in
sistent demand for it. The time is ripe. -
If preliminary plans are carried out
the congress will take no steps that
would gain for it the name of Peace
Congress"
The Lusitania incident will be ignored
and means for ending the war will not be
discussed. Plans for the development of
an international court will receive the
sole attention of the speakers. who in
clude former President Taft. Judge Al
ton b. Parker. John Mitchell and many
others nationally prominent.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1915-05-13

tempt to regain ground won at the
start by the Germans, which they still
hold. ~
Farther south toward Arras and
south and east of that town. the
French offensive continues to meet
with considerable success although the
French have lost some trenches which
they had won in front of the town Of
Loos. The German attacks on the
British were made in anticipation Of
an Anglo French offensive which
some critics believe to be the big
push which had been expected about
this time. although others are of the
opinion that Gen. Joffre is only nib
bling at the German lines in an ef-
fort to induce them to a counter-at-
tack in which he expects them to lose
heavily, even when they are success
full.
The Russians admit that they are
still retreatiHg in western Galicia.
while the AustrianS and Germans
make greater claims and say that, be-
sides crossing the Nan river they cap
tured many towns on the northern
across to the Polish border and are
forcing the Russians to give up many
of their hard-won positions nthose
mountains.
Their advance eastward has brought
the Austro- Germans nearly within
striking distance Of Przemsyl, and mil
itary observers believe that unless the
russians ,can make a stand on the
river San. the. fortress Of Przemysl.
the fall of which caused such great
impression not many weeks ago. will
soon again be in the hands of its orig
inal owners.
American action with regard to the
sinking of the Lusitania and the Ital-
ian situation are the outstanding dip
lonlatic features of the war. The lat
est news from Rome is that the Italian
government intends to constitute Par
lament an arbiter on the question of
peace or war.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1915-05-13

riority. the Russians were able to retire
in good order to more favorable posi-
tons. They destroyed the reads as they
went and brought off their guns, amnlu-
milton and other stores. Their losses are
described here as comparatively small.
The view presented by military men
here is that the Austro-German move
n1ent did not constitute a notable success.
inasmuch AS ITS object is supposed to
have been destruction of the Russian
army in the Carpathians and dislode-
ment of the Russians from their strong
positions in the central Carpathians. The
German plan of action apparently was to
strike several successive blows before
the russians had time to bring up rein
forcements. A series of furious infan-
try attacks followed the preparatory ar
tillery actions. Military experts stirnate
that the Teutonic allies in their opera
tons on the short front over which they
occurred utilized three-quarters of the
entire Austrian forces and one-ninth of
the entire German forces. About one
half of these forces probably were Sec
ond line troops. Four corps are said to
have been brought up from the Serbian
front and 70 infantry and nine cavalry d.
visions from the western front
Russian officers estimate the losses of
the Germans and Austrians during the
battles of the last nine days at upwards
of 100000.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1915-05-13
RUSSIANS SAY NO POSSIBILITY
OF FURTHER ADVANCE BY ENEMY

III &etrograd, May l., Noon.-(Nia London.
&SssP. M.).-While admitting that the
MStro- German movement from Craco~
Aas met with a degree of success. Rus
nm military authorities asserted today
slsot there was no possibility of a fur
tier advance, with its consequent men,
Me to the security of the Russian po-
6Edtions in the Carpathians.
Overpowe-ing Numbers
Z ms serni-offiCial comment today upon
! THIS situation il was said the success Of
the Austro-German forces was due to
their oxerpowering numbers They ad-
N2nced along a line of about 90 miles,
stretching northward from Nowy Sandec
and pushed on TO points as far east as
Stryzszow and BrZozow. the latter being
within less than 50 miles OF Przemysl
1T is said here that the Russian forces
have now been re-crouped in such way
as e1ectually 10 oppose this movement.
In meeting the Austro-German on
slaueht the Russian generals were ahla
TO bring up only about one-fifth of their
The Germans and Austrians, however,
are reported here to have concentrated Il
divisions along 16-mile front in the dis
trlct CT krosno. Just northeast of Duhla,
and they have continually rushed in
fresh reserves
Retired In Good Order
Notwithstanding their numerical infe-
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1915-05-13
FLEET IN HUDSON
STARTS PREPARATIONS
FOR THE MANEuVERS

New York. May 12.-While the war
fleet anchored in the Hudson river
will remain until next Tuesday. prep
arations were begun today for the
maneuvers off the coast which will
work out problems now known only
to the chiefs of the macy. Three ships
of the auxiliary division, the NeGtal.
San Francisco and Neptune, had
steamed up ready to seek the high
seas and wait for the fighting units TO
join them after the final review bv
President Wilson.
The cruiser Brooklyn was on her
way from Boston to be flagship Of
Rear Admiral Austin NJ. knight. pres
ident of the War College. who vii
umpire the war game. When Rear
Admiral knight breaks out his flag
from the old cruiser he will he the
seventh officer of flag rank stationed
here with the big fleet.
Three more destroyers of the fourth
division arrived yesterday and the re-
naming 10 units of the destroyer flo-
tilla were due today. With them on
their voyage from Boston comes the
scout cruiser Birmingham. the pen
nant ship of Captain w. S. Sims, com
mander of the torpedo fotilla
the fleet were guests last night at
reception given by the New York
Yacht Club.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1915-05-13
INDUSTRIAL WORKERS OF WORLD
SAID TO BE PLANNING A REVOLT
TO WIPE OUT PRESENT SYSTEMS

chinery and all Of those things which
should be controlled by labor unions.
have had a dream of a new society some
time in which there will be no struggle
between capital and labor in which ev.
cry man will have free access to the land
and the means of production and liveli-
hood. There will be no government, nc
states as we know them now. Congress
will be made not of lawyers and preach
ers, but of experts from all branches OF
industry, come together for the good of
all the people"
Commissioner Weinstock questioned
Haywood as to what methods would
be employed to bring about this
change.
Il believe in any kind of tactics,
said the witness. Il don't care if il
means revolution. That's ALL"
In the new era, Haywood said, there
would be no great cities.
What is to become Of New York,
Chicago and the other great cities ?''
asked Commissioner Weinstock.
There would be no idle brokers,
lawyers and financiers to occupy such
cities" replied the witness.
But what would you do with New
York"
Tear it down or leave it as a mon
umont 10 the foolishness of this age.'