The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-08-01

ing to appoint by royal decree a SUI
preme committee to increase the pro-
duction OF munitions. The battle of
Nerve Chapelle alone is said to have
cost the British the expenditure of
more powder than the entire Boer
war. 80 IL
Cavalry Eclipsed.
| One result of the development of
this form of warfare is tie eclipse OF
cavalry as one of the principal arms
\ of the service Cavalry is still used
| to q small extent on the eastern front
but its employment in France viz
tually has been abandoned. The cav
alrymen have been dismounted AND
placed in the trenches.
| Almost as conspicuous is the 6e-
velopment of submarine warfare. The
remarkable exploits OF submarines
have proved tier efficiency SO thor
oughly that already the supremacy OF
battleships has been challenged. Ger
many, compelled to rely chiefly on
these craft for her marine activities,
| has gained the greatest success with
them. Their first large achievement
was the torpedoing and sinking by one
submarine within an hour of the Brit
ish cruisers Cressy, Abou1tir and
Hogue In the North sea in september.
Since that time hundreds of vessels,
warships and merchantmen, have been
sent to the bottom, in the North sea,
the Baltic and the English channel,
the Adriatic and at the Dardanelles.
From all causes more than 500 vessels
have been destroyed. England has
been the greatest sufferer. By reason
of her preponderance of shipping and
also on account of the Gerrnan gov
ernment's attempt to blockade that
country following the declaration OF
a war zone around the British Isles
last February.
In size, speed and cruising radius
the new type of submarines Tar ex-
ceeds the earlier small vessels, de-
signed primarily for coast defense.
Germany's new submarines are as
long as a good sized cruiser. Cap
tain Otto Hersing took tie U-51 about
i a 900 miles from Wilhelmshaven past
4 Gibraltar, through the. Medlterra-
mean and to the Dardane1les, where II
| torpedoed the British battleships Trt-
umph and Majestic, and proceeded to
,constantinople. The voyage from
! Wilhelmshaven to the Dardanelles re-
quired one month.
War In the Air.
4 The aeroplape. almost an unknown
quantity at the beginning of the war
SO far as its military value was con-
cerned, has proved its practicability
so thoroughly that It must be rated
with the submarine and the heavy
gun as one of the great features OF
| the war. In fact, it has exercised q
dominating influence over land opera
tons. and to its use perhaps more
than any other single factor may be
ascribed the deadlock month after
month in the principal fields OF bat
tie. 1t has rendered priceless service
/ in accommodating, taking the place Of
cavalry. It has caused revislon OF
the tactics and strategy OF war. Aer-
ial observers, flying over the opposing
lines. are able to discover movements
of any large bodies of troops. render
ing that form of strategy based on
surprise attacks of, quick movements
In force Impossible. Aeroplanes also
have been OF great value In locating
enemy positions, enabling the artil>
lery to get the range and nre accur~
ately on the unseen foe.
Dirigible balloons also are enjoy
ed. but to q much less extent, although
Germany still is constructing Zeppe-
Inns and has used them effectively Tor
long distance raids they are general
" regarded as less valuable than the
aeroplanes. Us,
AUTOMOBILES are used to an fenor-
4 NOUS extent, all private machines be-
ing reqpisitioned in some OF the coun5
tries at war, In some instances great
j numbers or autoMopiles lave Seen
utilized for rapid transportation OF
troops. Their main service, However,
is in the handling of food Supplies
4 md ammunition Armored automo-
Ibiles, armed with machine guns or
light field pieces also have beer util-
lied. . tx-s $50
Many new weapons OF war have
been tested with, varying degrees of
success. Poisonous gases, Projected
In q re
ported to have enabled their users
= s,..,,ra annojp1 Y1ositIons A., sew