The Springdale news., 1915-10-29


 De sent Tree for those who may de eide later To undertake the c08gse5-- J Ii. Miller. Director Co-opeEatIVe EX- tension Work.
 !. Principles of Animal Nutrition
 In order to fully appreciate the ffh poFtanee Of animal production one must consider that as human beings We depend upon the raw soil for foo3 and raiment Il would indeed be difficult matter had not kind proyI- dence provided plants and animals to aid Us in our struggle for existence The plant, with it's root system pene. trates the soil and with the aid of va rious ageneies.fs able to gather for itself from among the eighty or more elements those which are peculiar to it's needs and with the aid of the suns rays elaborate them into it's body and fruit. Fhe animal, on the other hand, breWses# he growing plants CT con. sumes the gathered forage. and by means oi it's process of digestion is capable of reducing plant life into forms so simple that they may enter the animal body and there take on the forms of flesh, fleece and rower=
 Because of this close relationship existing between plants and animals. 1t Is therefore not at all strange that upon analysis by the chemist. plant and animal tissues contain similar compounds which for our convenience have been grouped into touv groups: namely, ash or mineral mater, pro. tein, carbohydrates and fats. From the standpoint Of animal production We will conflne our considerations to these groups of compounds
 The muscle or flesh, hide. hair, blood and such parts of the animal body are composed largely of com. pounds found in the group known as proteins. The development of sucn tissues takes place largely during the growth of the animal, as each of these tissues is made up of many cells which during growth increase in size and in number. After the animal reaches maturity only sufficient amounts of these compounds are nee essary to replace wear and tear The logical conclusion would be that grow ing animals should have foods rich n protein compounds, as very pecu- liar condition exists whereby only pro- tein compounds of plant or animal foods can form protein compounds in mi, vol ,ye other three groups can not serve the purpose. We find in the plant king dom that certain cssses of plants contain greater percentage of these protein compounds than others. Fore most among them is the class of plant known as legumes Legumes such as alfalfa, clover, peas, beans. veteh and other should because of their protein content be desirable feeds for growing animals Factory by-products such as oil meal cotton seed meal, gluten meal, dried brewers grains, wheat bran. and others are al- so rich in protein compounds.
 The ash or mineral matter is found t 9s As with protein the greatest demand for mineral matter such as lime, phos- phorus and others comes during the growing period of the animal because it is then that the rapid increase in size calls for rapid increase of the bony framework.
 Carbohydrates which includes starches, sugars, and fiber are not found except in very small quantities in the animal boly, but are the main source of fat and heat in the body. When fed in moderate quantities they are stored in the liver and muscle tis- sue in the form of glycogen or animal starch and used for maintaining the body temperature. If fed in large quanties they are changed into the more stable fat. For mature animals where the object is to fatten or dur. ing seasons of the year where tempe ratures are low, the feeding of feeds rich in carbohydrates would be ad- visable Most of our cereal grains and our coarse folders are rich in carbo- hydrates. During work great deal of heat is evolved, so that carbohy- drates are more economical as a rule for work stock to certain extent than protein. Protein can however, if fed in excess be changed into fat but ;f ic not economically uSad in fbot