The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1915-04-23

settlement of Europe's troubles lay,
placed this work of recognizing
boundaries, the remarking of the map,
before a congress, which was called
at Vienna in September, 1914. The
efforts of this congress became an
indefinite series of moves for i'm
possible bargains. and its deliberations
had almost resulted in war among
the bargainers, when Napoleon re-
turned from Elba, and began his
march on Paris, March l. 1915. Thus
stimulated, the congress fastened on
its task, and, by June 9, the final act,
embodying the treaties of Vienna. was
signed.
The map of Europe on April l.,
1918, then, was an indeterminate a
thing as is that map today. France
borders of Roman Gaul. Her boun-
diaries were the Pyrenees on the south
Piedmont, Savoy, Switzerland and
Baden on the west, and the Neither
lands and Prussia on the northeast.
1t was the France of Louis XIV, the
France of before the revolution: and
it had lost the Netherlands, a great
section of Central Germany. and a
strip of costal Germany which Ma
poleon had included in the empire
But, on April |, the Little Corporal
was planning to defeat the armies of
England. Prussia. Russia and Aus
tria in detail, and to re-establish his
Imperial France.
While the congress in Vienna had
not reached final action in its work,
the boundaries of the new German
confederation had practically been de-
cided: The new confederation included
all of German Europe. with the ex-
cluslon of the Netherlands and Den
mark. Austria was given the presi-
dency of the federal diet The former
Grand Duchy of Warsaw was made
a constitutional kingdom under the
Russian crown. and the congress con-
hrmed Russia's possession of Fin
land, which it had conquered from
Sweden in 1903, Swedish Pomerania
was coded to Prussia. The modern
German empire. with the exclusion Of
Austria and the addition of the pro-
vince. of Schleswig. German Poland,
and AlSace-Lorraine. is defined by the
boundaries placed by the Vienna con-
gress to the German confederation.
Thus, the tentative re-arrangcment
OF a post-Napoleon Europe stood
throngh April, while the emperor of
the French was feverishly engaged in
raising and equipping armies with
with to meet his enveloping enemies
1t was only by his remarkable enter
prise that he was able to get together
IN army of 100000 by June /. In the
meantime, an Austrian army of 2lO.-
INsi had been assembled upon the
Kline frontier, and a Russian army of
l5uOOO was moving up to cooperate
with the AustrianS Another Aus
TRAN force menaced from the south
east. and the PrusSian and English
armies were concentrated in Bel
GUM. Napoleon began his final
strategic moves on June 6.
Since the overthrow of Napoleon
ard the work of the congress of
VIENNA, the changes in Europe have
heen those making toward the unifca-
ton OF like peoples, thus two great
changes were the establishment of the
German empire and of the kingdom
OF Italy. Italy was formed by the
Congress of Vienna as a crazy Quilt of
small states, largely under the dom
nance OF Austria. France found her
self within her historic boundaries,
with the excitable unquiet of demo-
cratic leaven. Russia emerged as an
equal member of the European CON
cert powers, and Great Britain began