davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11
THE WAR SITUATION


  military of  stack o are unde way. German forces in  recently of anything about conditions in % field of military
 
   Warsaw front
 
  atack zePplns which, according Adatie raid al liar capital
  In way JustfIed expectations. -~:s-.-=-S
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11
HOWARD ADDRESSES
 CHRISTIAN ENDEAVOR

Chicago, July 1o.-Addressing tho Christian Endeavor convention here to- day, Clinton N. Howard of Rochester. N. Y.. said:
 "Anerica's great single item of ex- penditure is for liquor; Europe's great est single item of expenditure Is for war. What is to be done? Answer: Abolish both. Wipe out war by arbitra- tion; wipe out drink by prohibition. He asserted trade rivalry and jea1- ousy are back of the present war.
 Roy Creighton of California said moral conditions in high schools are such they cannot be mentioned in mixed company. California has the reputation of having the worst moral conduct in its schools. but this is only because the limelight has been turned on our schools" he said. "The same conditions exist throughout the Uni ted States"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11
GERMAN-AMERICAN CRISIS FOREMOST IN
 EYESOF THE WORLD
Composite Views of Leading Newspapers of the World On Situation Given-Berlin Papers Up- hold Kaiser's Attitude-United States Thinks Severance of Diplomatic Relations Between the Two Countries Now Imminent.

, diplomatic relations with Germany until such time its attitude is adjusted In harmony with American rights. Pittsburg Dispatch Considering the radical difficulties of viewpoint at the pected that Berlin could at once be brought to agreement witE> 2 Washing ton view. But this aAr,> shows an earnest effort to resSs. ,o>Sasis of un- derstanding. It T.>>sNhS be acceptable to the President< e lis not conclusive. It marks a sSooo tstep toward sat isfaetory seo SS'f and should be taken in that 9 sss
 Phila nia Press: The tone rather than the substance of the note encourages the belief that a satisfactory adjustment of the issues between the two countries may be finally reached.
 Philadelphia Public Ledger The Ger man note is in effect fiat refusal of the American demands. Such a re- ply Is an insult to the intelligence of the American people. Discussion Is useless debate is futile. Germany has not disavowed, and will not disavow a crime against humanity; she will not abandon policy that mocks at civiliza- ton. The President promises to omit no word or act to vindicate the honor of the United States. The word has been spoken and rejected. It is now time for the act.
 Cincinnati Commercial Tribune: The reply is tantamount to saying, even though the language Is courteous: We propose to conduct this war as we please and neutral nations may go hangn' The question on the main issue still Is un- answered. What does the administra tion propose to do in reference to the matter?
 Kansas City, Mo. Journal: The press version of the answer from Berlin seems scarcely to be viewed as a defiance. The only other meaning to be read Into 1t Is that Germany is unwilling to make formal acquescence to our demands but will allow us a victory by default.
 Chicago Tribune: "The German reply offers modus vivendi by which safe passage of Americans in the war zone can be assured. There is we are confident. no disposition to undertake a
 tContinued on Page TenD
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11
Watch for Surprises
HEAVY FIGHTING
 ON EAST FRONT

Austrian Headquarters, July To- CVia London, 10:45 D. m)-Heavy fighting near krasnik Poland. con- 'tinued with undiminished vigor. yet las not reached decisive point No events of importance have occurred elsewhere on the Russian front. On the Italian front 500 Italian dead were counted before the Austrian lines at Podgora and the bridgehead at Cor izia.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11
GONZALES OCCUPIES MEXICAN CAPITAL
 CLAIMS CARRANzA
Meagre Details of Defeat of Zapata Forces in Reports of the
 Investment

Washington. July lo.---Gen. Pallo Gonzales has occupied Mexico City, ac- cording to information given by Car ranza officials to American consular officers at Vera Cruz tonight.
 No details were given in the mes- sages which reached here late tonight. but the advices were regarded as prob ably correct as the carranza forces had been reported earlier in the day in the outside districts of the city It. self. Whether any fighting occurred in the streets or the Zapata forces had evacuated was not stated.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11
Russians Ask Armistice

Czernowitz, July 10.-(Via London. 1;45 D. m.)-The Russians. because of severe losses on the Bukowina front and along the Dniester. recently re- quested four hours armlstiee to bury their dead This was granted The Russians on the Dniester front suf- fered severely from the Austro- Hun garian artillery fire and have retired at many points.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11
Again the Question, What Will America Do?" Is Asked Throughout Great Britain
RUSSIANS DELIVER SMASHING BLOWS
 AT AUSTRIAN ARMY
Western Front Quiet as Whole - England's New War Loan Is Center of European Interest

London, July 1o-(s,45 T. m.)-Ths German reply to the American note. = summary of which appears in the Lon don afternoon papers. is the subtecf of general discussion throughout Eng- land and again the question is asIxedf "What will America dof"
 Tho views held here are indicated in the newspaper headings, which scribe the reply as "An amazing offs .Tmpudent cIaims,. "HypocriticaI pIy.r
 The text of the German reply is D lished In the Sunday morning pap, most of which treat 1t as the most portant news of the day.
 Outside of this the public continue interest themselves in England's h.,- war loan. subscriptions to which are stil being received by mail. and with which the chancellor of the exchequor has expressed his satisfaction. The gem cral expectation today was that tho total subscription would reach between ss,oOo,ooo.ooo and $500, ,O0O 900. all though some expressed confidence that the full s5,oo0. 900 .ooo would be reached and that 1t would not be necessary to continue to sell to small subscribers through the postoffice
 War Zone Quiet
 There is little news from southern Poland, where the Russians. according to their account, are delivering smash- Ing blows at the army of Archduke Joseph Ferdinand. the advance of which toward the Iubln railway received its first check last sanday Apparently General Non Mackensen. who Is cover ing the Austrlans advance on the right. between the Krasnik region and the Bug river has been unable 10 render any assistance or has withdrawn. scof,s of his troops for an attack elsewhere
 There are those who believe the next German stroke will be, n frontal one on Warsaw. despite th4e failure of the Austro- Germans opf two previous oc- casions to break fhe Russian front on the Szura and Fawka rivers. others, again think thd Austro- Germans are awaiting the aFrival of guns to make another thrust toward the Lublin rail- way and attempt to outhank Warsaw from the soWtheast.
 Watch for Surprises
 Fighting elsewhere. such as that at Ossawetz,) shows that both sides are alive to ahe necessity of watching for surprises along the whole line
 Trench warfare continues incessart- ly in the west but the official state- ments do not indicate any change in the situation.
 There Is report tonight from Chias- so that the Italians have won a battle which had been raging for six days m tho Corso plateau and that after fierce cbarges by the Italian infantry they captured many Austrian positions and $everal thousand prisoners The report says the prisoners passed through Milan today.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11
FRANCE

ernment guarantee that they do not carry contraband, certainly cannot be admitted by the cabinet at Washing ton.
 President Wilson, from the begin ming, has placed the question on the broad principle of international law and humanity, and the firmness of his at titude gives assurance that he will not abandon that principle or lend himself to any arrangement that would dimin- ish the dignity or encroach upon the sovereignty of his country"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

An investigation conducted here today by postoffice inspectors appears to have verified the belief. 1t is said, that the robbers had information that a shipment of more than sl0o00o to be made from Atlanta to Houston. Tex, would be for warded on the train.
 c. H. Mills. chief mail clerk. said the robbers on entering his car threatened to kill him if he refused to deliver to them "the package for Houston.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

Paris, July 1o.-(5:4o p. m.)-"The official German note regarding the Lusitania incident contains nothing in the nature of concessions which the de lay in its preparation had seemed to indicate" says the Temps, and adds:
 The proposition made by Berlin to allow ships carrying American passen- gers to pass in safety provided that are reported to the German that they carry distinctive signs and that the United States gov
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

Denver. Col. Herald (German): The friendly spirit which permeates Ger many's latest note to the United States government should go a long way toward allaying fears that Germany is looking for more trouble. No one cognizant with the real state of affairs could for a mo- ment imagine that Germany would give up her submarine warfare as long as Eng lands tactics are contrary to all interna- tional laws and usage
 Milwaukee Sentinel: As specific reply to specific requests, 1t is more open and satisfactory than the evasive and cava- Her British memorandum in reply to American protests against what is virtu- ally an embargo on American commerce. San Antonio Light; It is entirely pos sible that diplomatic relations with Ger many may be severed. Whether or not this transpires, the United States will go quietly along, exercising her full rights on the seas and elsewhere.
 Seattle Post-1ntellgencer: Won Jagow politely evading the real issue, presents Germanys case strongly. Germany craves this nations friendship and re- spects the American flag. This is mani- fest. Hence an understanding should be reached without diplomatic breach.
 Denver Post. Germanys reply to Amer icas demand in reference to submarine warfare will be shocking to all who love peace and right and justice. Her demands are that Germany must survive, though it be necessary to destroy the entire world.
 Duluth (Minn) Herald: If fin this declaration from Germany there Is any thing that can be seized upon to settle the issue while preserving Americas self respect 1t will he seized upon. If the DOT ton offered by Won Jagow Is unpalatable and to swallow 1t is to sacrifice self re- spect, it will not be swallowed.
 Plttsburg Gazette-Times: Under the circumstances 1t is difficult to see how President Wilson can refrain from doing one of two things: Either communicate, in positive terms. final request that Ger many comply with the representations made in the note of May 13 and await violation of these if any there be, to de- termine his next step, or else discontinue
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11
Officials Investigate

Greenville, July o-(Special.) )-While suspects are being held in Montgomery, Butler county officials and postal inspec- tors. special agents of the Louisville and Nashville railroad and other detectives are late tonight searching the woods in A radius of over 30 miles of Greenville for the robbers of Louisville and Nashville train No 3T. Extra detectives left here late this afternoon heavily armed and it was reported that they had a clew.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11
BIG SUM OF MONEY SECURED BY L. 6 N
 ROBBERS IS REPORT
Federal Authorities Reticent Regarding Amount Stolen-May Go as High as S100,000-The Bandits Evidently Knew Large Sum
 Was on Train

1o-(speca)-Desp
 
 held Louisville Nashville The Aseead apparently confidential Estimates
The Penn's Grove record., 1915-12-03
NEW PHASE IN EAST.

At all the capitals of the belliger-
ents it is admitted the campaign in
the Near East is about to enter on a
new phase, which may have a great
bearing on the final outcome of the
war.
In Serbia winter is fighting on the
side of the defenders and the allies
The B~ulgarians are attempting to ad-
vance to Prisrend and Monastir, but
their progress is slow. The French
and British are still landing troops
at Salonica and have many reinforce
ments in readiness for service at the
front. Emperor William visited Wen
ma, and almost contemporaneous with
his arrival there came reports of sew
eral designations from the Austro4
Hungarian Cabinet and of a possible
10Y by Emperor Francis Joseph for
a separate peace.
The Penn's Grove record., 1915-12-03
PITH OF n
WAR NEWS

A blizzard at the A~nglo-French lines is
so severe that the troops cannot see
the opposing forces across a valley
only a mile away.
Greece has replied to the collective
note of Entente Powers demand
in the safety of their troops in Sa-
Ioniki, railway facilities for transpor-
tation and the policing of Greek wa
ter against German submarines.
In Russia the hard weather has con-
fined the activities almost to ar
tillery duels.
The Russians are pressing ar often
sive in the Caucasus, and have scor-
ed minor successes.
German anxiety concerning Rumania
is matched by that of the allied
Powers with regard to Greece.
The Turks have assumed the offensive
at the D~ardaneIles, and have made
use of ~suffocating gases in their
attacks on the British.
Rumania's attitude in refusing Ger
many's request to open the Danube
River throughout its length has
forced Austria and Germany to di.
vert part of their armies to the
Rumanian border.
Winter conditions have brought op.
~erations in the eastern aren almost
The Penn's Grove record., 1915-12-03
Foreign

The Canadian government seized
5000, 900 bushels of wheat, total con
tents of four terminal elevators, at
the instance of Great Britain, Great
ing wild excitement in the West.
Patrick MacGill known as "The
Navy Poet" was married in London to
Miss Margaret Gibbons, a grandniece
of Cardinal Gibbons of Baltimore.
The French government has recog-
nized the Haitian government of Pres
ident Dartiguenave, having received a
satisfactory response to it's protest.
Pope Benedict received Cardinal
Felix Won Hartman, Archbishop of
Cologne, Germany, in private audience.
Herbert Louis Samuel, British Post
mastergeneral, was appointed Char
ceIlor of the Duchy of Lancaster, with
a seat in the Cabinet, to fill the va
cancy created by the resignation Of
Winston Spencer Churchill, who has
gone to the front.
Maximum retail and wholesale
prices for game were adopted by the
German Government.
Prince Won Buelow, former German
Chancellor, conferred at Zurich,
Switzerland, with the Cardinal Arch
bishop OF Cologne and DR.. Won Muehl-
berg, Prussian Minister to the Vatican.
at Rome.
The Penn's Grove record., 1915-12-03
War Bulletins

Germany officially says her opera
tions against Serbia have ended with
the fight of the "scanty remains"
of the Serb army.
Colonel Maitland of the Royal Naval
Air Service of London jumped with
a parachute from an aeroplane at a
height of 1 10000 feet. He landed safe
ly.
1t is reported at Rome that Pope
Benedict will repeat the efforts he
made last year to get the warning ma
tions to consent to a true for Christ
mas Day.
Great Britain and France prepared
to establish a great military base at
Salonica, where large barracks,
strongly fortified, are to be erected
for the Allied troops and a great
electric power station is to be built
to enable the Allies to carry on re-
pair work.
France and Great Britain notified
Greece that full. indemnities will be
paid for all damage to Greek property
that may be caused by the Allied
armies.
Following their success in the cap
ture of the heights of Podgara, the
key to Gorilla, the Italians stormed
the heights of San Michele, on the
edge of the Carso plateau, to the south
of the Austrian stronghold on the
IsonZo.
General Joffre, the French Com
mander-in-Chief following his recent
visit to London, was reported in
Paris as insisting upon the practical
abandonment of the Dardanelles ex-
petition and also on Great Britain's
sending not only the Gallipoli forces
to Serbia, but every other mar who
could possibly be spared.
England will have 100000 troops
in the field by next March, and also
will be able to arm and supply 5000
900 Russians, Lord Kitchener told the
Greek government on his recent visit
to Athens, according to a dispatch
from Athens.
Reports that the Greek King has
yielded to the demands of the Allies
were based il part on the report that
the monarch was largely Influenced
by the promises of Kitchener.
The Penn's Grove record., 1915-12-03
General

Two hundred and fifty farmers of
the great grain States of the middle
West, sailed on the Norwegian-Ameri-
can liner Bergensfjord to spend
Christmas in their Scandinavian
homelands.
Admiral Winslow, commanding the
Pacific fleet, was ordered from San
Francisco with the cruiser San Diego
for Topolobampo, Mexico, to protect
American interests there.
Former President Taft declared at
Rochester that he favors Elihu Root
as the next President.
Reports from Hopewell, Va, state
that the Du Pont oPwder Company
will lose almost $3.50, 900 by the pad
ded pay roll swindle.
Business men are alarmed at what
threatens to be the most serious con-
gestion of freight traffic in the his
tory of Eastern railroads. More than
16, 900 loaded freight cars were at a
%standstill on the five leading railroads
terminating in New York.
Two boys broke through the ice
while skating at New Ipswich, N. H.,
and were drowned. They were Hugo
Matilda ard Herbert Korti, twelve and
fourteen years of age. respectively.
The Penn's Grove record., 1915-12-03
Washington

1t is stated officially that the State
Department will not permit Count Won
Bernstorff to check the exposure OF
Captain Boyd.
Representative Kitchin intimates
that the advocates of preparedness
may be interested in munitions con-
Germs and wishes to know about it.
Figures available at the Bureau of
Foreign Domestic Commerce indicate
that the total foreign commerce of the
United States for the year 1915 will
set a new record.
Senator Morris Sheppard of Texas
will introduce a bill in Congress for
prohibition in the District of Column
hia.
All public buildings in Washington
are being watched by armed guards
to prevent any attempt to destroy
them.
Capt. William S. Smith was appoint
ed by Secretary Daniels to sort out
the proposals constantly being sent
to him for inventions to aid the navy.
Resident Wilson read t the Cab.
met a draft of his virtually completed
message to Congress.
Representative Mann. Republican
House leader, accepted President
Wilson'S invitation to confer with him
on national defence legislation.
Henry Ford visited President vii
son and asked him to call a meeting
of neutral nations to nve about
Christmas to draw up plans for estab'
fishing peace in Europe.
The Penn's Grove record., 1915-12-03
Sporting

Cadet John j. McEvan was elected
captain of the Army football eleven.
H. L. Chanchey, an outfielder of the
Macon, Ca, team, has been signed by
the Boston Nationals.
Football claimed 16 lives in the
season of 1915.
On a ~rain-soaked field at the Polo
Grounds, New York City in the pres
ence of President Wilson, Mrs. Gait,
and 10000 spectators, the Army foot
ball eleven defeated the Navy by a
score of IA to 0.
Cornell won the Eastern intercol-
Iegiate football championship by fin
ishing the season with no defeats.
The Penn's Grove record., 1915-12-03
RUSSIA TO INVADE BULGARIA.

London.-The Russian Emperor has
addressed a personal telegram to the
Berbian Premier. M. Pachitch, &C.
cording to a S~alonica dispatch
via Athens to the Daily Telegraph, in
which he promised the appearance
within a week in Bulgaria of Russian
trops. The Italian Government, &C.
cording to this dispatch, has also pro-
missed to send an expeditionary force
of 10000 men.
The Germans are beginning to vac
uate Mitau, their forward base in the
Riga-Dvina region, said dispatches
from Petrograd, and are preparing to
withdraw from the task of capturing
Riga and the Dvina line.
Heavy Japanese guns in great num-
Der are arriving daily at Odessa on the
Black Sea coast of Russia, Berlin dis,
patches say.
The Penn's Grove record., 1915-12-03
Both Parties Hold Conferences.

Both the Democrats and Republi-
cans have had conferences in this
city to make preparations for the
coming campaign. State Chairman
Bugbee called the Republican county
chairman, State Senators and pro-
minent men of the party together to
discuss what he termed matters OF
vital Importance to the party.
The question of financing the cam
paign was taken up and also a general
discussion of party questions.
There was a meeting of the Demo.
cratic County Chairman's Associa-
ton at Democratic State Headquart-
ers. This meeting was called by L..
T. Russell, of Elizabeth, the president
of the organization. After the meet
ing the members were the guests of
Mr.. Russell at lunch at the Hotel Ster-
ling.
The Penn's Grove record., 1915-12-03

Berlin.-Field Marshal Won Macken-
sen and his army have accomplished
all they set out to do in the Balkans,
and the Serbian campaign therefore
has been brought to a close, the War
Office announced.
Over 100 900 Serbian prisoners Of
wal are in the hands of the invaders.
The losses of the Serbians in dead
and wounded are not estimated. Their
losses in the war materials are de-
scribed as "incalculable."
A Salonica dispatch to the London
Mail says that German cavalry has ap-
peared before Kuprili (Veles). This
indicates that the German forces are
moving south from Nish along the
railroad to join the Bulgar army fac
ing the Franco-British lines.
The greater portion of what remains
of the Serbian northern army is be-
lieved to have crossed into the noun
tains of Albania and Montenegro,
where the Serbs are continuing, with
the aid of King Nicholas's troops, and
supplies which are reaching them
from the Adriatic, to offer stern re-
sistance to the Austro-German and
Bulgarian invaders. like the Bel
gians, the Serbians now hold only a
fringe of their country, which widens
as it reaches the southwestern cor
ner, of which Monastir is the centre.
The German official statement re-
garding the operations in the Balkans
follows:
"Our advance is continuing south
east of Mitrowica. Rudnik has been
occupied and ove 300 prisoners and
much war material captured.
with the flight of the scanty re-
mains of the Serbian army into the
Albanian mountains our great opera
tions against the same have been
brought to a close. Our object, to eff
feet communication with Bulgaria and
the Turkish Empire, has been accom-
plished."
The Penn's Grove record., 1915-12-03
eoscHEN's SON RELEASED.

Germans Show Consideration for
Former British Ambassador.
Berlin.-Out of consideration for
his father. Sir William Edward Gosch-
en-, former British Ambassador to
Germany, the Government has author
lied the release of Lieutenant Gerard
Goschen, who a wounded and cap
tured in the early stage of the war
in France.
Lieutenant Goschen was captured,
wounded. Immediately after joining
bis regiment.
The Penn's Grove record., 1915-12-03
Want to Test Hennessy Law.

John Milton, representing John O.
Devlin and other Bayonne officehold-
ers, appeared before Attorney General
Wesco1t and renewed the application
for permission to use the Attorney
Generals name in quo warranto pro-
ceedings to test the validity of the
Hennessy preferential primary act for
commission goveTned cities. The At
torney General reserved decision.