davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-09
MEANT TO DRAW u. S.
INTO WAR BERESF0RD.

London. May s.-T think the Lust
tania has been torpcdoed dellhor-
atcly for the purpose of making the
United States declare war, sald
Lord Charles Bercsford to-day. i
foretold the whole present situation
in February and gave my reasons
for thinking Germany meant 10
bring America into the war"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-09
WILSON SILENT
AS TO DISASTER
Continued from page I

the killing Of American passengers on
her in violation OF the rules Of civil
ICED warfare from the category of &C
tons which in the note OF February
10 the United States declared it would
not tolerate.
Inconvenient Ultimatum.
Mr.. Bryan and Mr.. Stone would prob.
ably be glad 10 grasp at almost any e1-
cuse for not standing by the State De-
partment's ultinatum with regard 70
German outrages ct sea. now that, in
their view. II is going 10 be incon-
venient oai annoying TO enforce our
ultimatum The Secretary Of State,
il goes without saying, is still under
the spell Of that most exploded Of oil
political Illusions the illusion that
the safety o. nation can be forever
assured ald its honor made inviolable
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-09

Warehouses and other buildings con
tain still more. Through all these the
dreary procession Of survivors drifts
all day long.
As rapidly as the bodies can be
identified they are ticketcd. and ar
engagements are made concerning their
disposal. SO FAR few have been
claimed. and each hour sees the rows
Of victims or the wharves increased
The immediate rcchs Of the survivors
are az present occupying most Of the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-09
Jnst Rcfore the Tragedy.

Soc D. b. ~
]. IS gus, 'eoo"...S Fo5s.0.'' -. -
ihiIty-slN hours a'teI '.e 49,. "a
sam 10 I'',' ''-,..''' IN 20 EaIf-
OF me sNiChtH' ""i'D'" anu 49, '."'
CAD survivors, " CON- . .'.' "' ~. .lr
me outrage an" s"' '"e'"' nc, e.
Io"ea on 'l.a' sunni en- I..i.,t '''
noon o" we l'"s' -, 90 ~, ,,,, mas
-. vas ga 40 .ta 500 - GO. Tte decks
Of the Lus.;auia were practically de-
ssioo-s -ta music Of the ships or
cbostra could be heard family on deck.
4 fav milo. AWAY across the blue
- ,Lo rre.- rolling hills Of Ire
lsr5 s.oos on. against faul-Iess SKY.
Until q sor hours before. the great
r.-lI g,,la Ttar her engines sIachened
,i.,+ra and now She Was slipping more
Cr,o.i,, through The water.
H'rtey rrn.r in on the vessels star
hoard side something rose from the
,,ater-a slim iron pillar il looked like,
l.rtinr itself slowly from the sea, its
base awash ir foam. One Of the Off
GERS on the bridge saw II and Ieaped
for the Telegraph 10 inc '-N-'' iol...'
A. he did so, the submarines per'scoPe
disappeared. and as me pens IN lhe
bowels Of the snip ..ns.eed a IRA" nc
"ful speed ahead the FIRST torpedo
was launched. second la,'r we t I'M.
shudderc-. There was a tIea' VI '1ls y
Of water over her s,ar7o-rd ran ana
ID" blending '4 '1" cay
q mighty crash. me ms. nc Ht- W.. ~
home 10 no. / stoheho'a' JUS su"'o'.o t'
charge UuIaHE Goa. upward ."io~b' ID
tre decks Ike thousand smells.
tt.- p.u. 20 por,
''"'' i'"'''
Tho mighty liner rolled violently 20
nor, r.rhtsl herself and lurched ahead.
ca,rfvr. aneed al every beat Of the
t,r,o,,-rr driving engines. Already She
tod tgkcr a slight list forward 90 star
hoord
T., wa. Cartatr Turner himself who
-ldso4 +bo STANDARD huIkhead. T. was
C1s.1i, ,rrrrrr Who met the fright
encd people who rushed from me s'
.oon. Many o.. '.'a "'i' 49,, ,..'.''-
other diners were "'''' 80,
There was no more a"HFei' l''S 20
told them. IAey h-A 'etN "'-
torpedo, but the hA.nhtad "0'l '..
been closed and iae SNIP ''''" "'
sink
Then the second torpedo cNP'o"eo i
the engine room. nc "a' d" '.
cabins and ia me r,...s o. '.~ ....i
,rare sruTed out. The steam pipe.
y,ro severed and the great engine.
continued their 'ramp.ing, utterly be
yond control The Lasitauia forged
ahead. burying her nose ever deeper
iu the calm sea. Two more torpeaoe'
were fred az ieF' DUB "...a'"
mark. ,...-.,,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-09
Many Rescued Destitute.

Tho cond.tio, Of the rescued j..
b.-,,br,s.,ro Many Of them were
~,1r,5 am, Of the wa;cr. wearing moth
irl, lr,, tr,ir u,dorclotbcs Thrv had
. .,H1.,...3 ntv ,..,.,I,r,, ,rse q, make
.,..,,,,.r,, eas..r Now these arc the
.,',1 nj frc.r rosscys,ors They wear
,,.,.. .cro,s.rr oF an ,,rcs and AGES.
gI..,,9 f,y c.t.zers on g,yen them bv
,t. ,,,srJ sutbo,,,l.. of whose Of
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-09
GERMANS ARRESTED;
SANK WITH LINER

London, May Q, 2:05 a. m. "LIoyd's
Weekly" says that Detective PierponI
Of Liverpool, arrested three Germans
aboard the Lusitania. When the ship
was tolpedoed they were drowned.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-09

doomed they found that of the boats the side
ed because of the great list of the vessel that they could
be lowered and the last of them by the fortunate
passengers had ce the starboard boats who
had jumped overheard and had been picked they lined
the opng decks awaiting their fate doubtless then be-
leving that with land they would still be saved.
However the orpedOes had such gaping holes in the
liner that she did ahoat for than twenty minutes
There good deal of difference of opinion to how many
torpedoes struck the ship and heh explosion of her
boilers followed
SHOTS FIRED AS SHIP SANK.
survivors made the following statement to
paper correspondent at Queenstown:
"hen the eboats being got away several shots
fred at us and of the boats rddled."
One said he boat which built to hold
fifty people, but when the made there sxyfour
in her. fourteen Of them being children. Two of the youngsters
separated their father who had been drowned
"The ships great hull into the air. he said and neared
perpendicular As the form of the she seemed to
shorten and just duck dives she disappeared She went
almost noseesy Fortunately her propeers had stopped for
had these been going the of her four would have
many of those whose lives saved She seemed to
divide the smoothly a knife would do it"
Bertram Jenkins of New York that he the boat
which knocked by of the Lusitanas tunnels as the
ship down When he the surface he to another
boat.
Kesser stated that the sinking of the ship meant to
him loss Of 100000 in securities He mentioned that
eavng drill had been held the previous day. all the members
of the crew going quarters and doing their work admirably
Mr. Keser said Captain Turner picked up by H. NJ 5
Buebe and transferred government launch and
landed
'No more for me-, said member of the cre" who
was rescued finished with it, My place IN future N
the trenches punish the of hehounds responsible for this
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-09

Many Of the passengers and crew
were caught by the tide and swept away
from where the work Of rescue was
going on. Dead and living, they were
picked up by traw.crs miles away from
whore the ship went down.
They are still bringing the dead into
Queenstown. The sky is still clear and
the sun shines brightly. Hour by hour
boats steam into the harbor, with their
grim freight lying reverently covered
on deck. If the present weather con
,ul,s they VIII continue 20 md bodies
for days.
Zach vcssc. that docks brings 90 the
waterfront plttul crowd OF men and
women, who scan with hard, strained
faces each body that is carried ten
derby of. They are mothers and fathers,
husbands and wives who have lost their
dear ones. These bereayed survivors
tnr0nped the streets Of Queenstown to-
day all day long and far into the night.
They refuse 20 keep 20 the rooms as
signed 20 them. They are past all out
ward sign OF emotion. As II dazed, they
wander an the day through in a dreary
round Of the morgueS Of the town. They
cling pathctlca.ly 70 the hope that some
of the living may have been rescued by
fishing boats and brought IN later.
The Stormcock was the first vessel
with survivors to arrive. She had on
board about one hundred and fifty sur
vIvOrs, and most of them on landing
presented very sad sight. Not one
Of them had any substantial garments
on, and q majority OF the men were
without their coats and carried life
belts. Their appearance was certainly
detected, but Wa, of course, nothing
20 be compared with that Of the
women. who were without hats, cloakS
Iy the waves.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-09

struggling with the tangled ropes OF
the daylts, while passengers stood
about, doubtful whether TO ieaFe 'Ae
snip or not, the Lus!'ailla Io''{u S'o|
~ over 10 s'arboarG, DurIeo A'I I"''
beneath the water and sank.
On her bridge as she went Gown s'oou
Captain Turner, erect, c4utc"'hS us
railing 20 steady himseli Ifue 10 1mo
standards OF me coi'''iSl'ugI % 80, a" I'l
ISM "tIo ..4. snip ~ ~ go sort
tHEee hoU'H 'A'es. rs rs C. .,r9a5n
l"eI,y III res "'''' '''' ''''' W. NV
III LrI' l...,. s,,,,;,,, u.bo,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-09
Senator Stones Analogy

True. there were American citizens
aboard, but it must not be forgotten
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-09

President Wilson. however, did have
one solitary visitor to-day. IN the per
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-28
Gen. Chang, Butcher of Nanking," Now
an Advocate of Republican Government

"Old China hands now in Pekin
are recalling with interest some of
Changes expressions when he was en-
,amped with his army at Ytnchowfu.
At that time. just a few brief years
ago, one of the editors Of the North
china Daily NCtCS asked him what he
really thought of the Chinese re-
p~uh!iCans, Chang. eNCusing himself
a moment that n. might ISSUE an order
10 Nne Of his suhordiuatcS 20 harry
the republican garrison AT Marking,
replied:
Republicans, Why. republicans
such as We see in China are boys try
ing to teach their masters. They are
idiots trying to rise To the ceiling
without something tangible to stand
IN. They are gardeners trying tn
grow cabbage tops before the roots
are planted. They are like the au-
dacious people who would come and
open a porcelain shop of inferior merit
in n place where an old and we'll
known factory Ia long been eStah-
lished, by bright pigments and tricks
they seek to sell some of their goods
and food the people some of the time.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-28
Lauds Our Coastwise Fleet as Finest
in World and Believes All Parties
Should Unite in Building Up
the Merchant Marine

inc outclassed any vessel under the
English flag in speed and endurance.
They exercised no little influence, by
the way, inducing the British Cow
m to submit the Alabama case
to arbitration and the final payment
Of about 500, 600, 900, including inter-
est, to American claimants.
But skilled as we were in ship
building, our merchantmen had dis
appeared. The loss, however, need
not have been irretrievable. Other
Northern industries suffered, buy when
the civil war was over were quickly
restored. They were rehabilitated be-
cause they were protected by the laws
Of Congress. Dur manufacturers were
pc. mitted to occupy the home market.
our farmers were safeguarded against
the competition Of Europe.
THE oversee originating
in inc coming to this country, on
the other hand, was transported by
the ships, no matter where owned,
whose carrying rates were the lowest.
SO our capitalists built railroads and
factories, our shipyards went to ruin
and our sailors, the finest on earth,
sought other occupations. The mer-
chant marine was not rebuilt, and now
practically all that we sell to Europe
and all that we buy in Europe crosses
the Atlantic in foreign bottoms. 1t is
said we annually have paid 5000, 000,-
900 in freights to the owners of such
vessels.
"A liner that cost $1,000, 900 in Great
Britain cannot be duplicated in this
country short of 81, 900, 600. The diff
ference in cost is caused by the differ
ence in wages paid mechanics and
laboring men. The ship that is built
in England, therefore, can enter the
carrying trade between this country
and Europe on an investment of $500
900 less than could It's American COM
petitor, if it had such a competitor.
In interest alone its advantage would
amount TO $4,000 a year. Further
more, the wages paid to officers and
sailors on American ships are nearly
double the wages paid on foreign
ships.
r'Nor nave ! spoken of the subven-
tions given by all the great nations
II Europe to the men who are engaged
n the shipping business. ! am not
arguing in this instance hat subsidies
Should he voted to American vessels
Engaged in foreign commerce; instead,
am trying to show why such vessels
,annot compete with foreign vessels
in our oversee traffic.
Germany has been giving $3.50, 900
yearly in s%ubventions to two Of its
steamer lines alone. Austria, Italy
and Russia have each payed its ship
wners 81, 900. 600 a year. The subsi-
dies Of Japan aggregate $1,000, 900; Of
Great Britain s9,700,O 600, and Of France
$l2,100,000. We pay our transatlantic
steamers s9S0,0 900 for carrying the
mails.
Foreign ships receiving sub~en-
tons are at the call of the govern
mcnts N the even of war. They are
constructed so that they can easily be
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-28

converted into cruisers and m
destroyers. We need such vessels as
auxiliarieS to our navy. Until the
European war. we argued that civili-
zation had progressed so far that diff
ferenCes between nations would have
to be settled hereafter by peaceful me-
gotiations. That vain idea, | imagine,
has gone out of the heads of all SEN
sible men. The world will fight-a
large part of the world is now fight
ing-and we have no warrant for say
ing that the United States will forever
be at peace.
II am not disposed dogmatically to
urge any particular method by which
to restore our oversee marine. We
once argued that we should not be a
great Independent and self%-respecting
nation until we could produce all the
things we consumed. The United
States, W. said, was not simply a huge
farm on which to grow and raise food
for the rest of the world.
We started making our own iron
and steel, having coal, ore and lime
stone in the ground. We began build
ing machinery. We have done every
thing we should have done except in
one particular, and as a result we
find ourselves to-day in the humiliat-
ing position of not having the means
IF delivering our w goods to our
W customers.
II would like to see the $500. 600 900
which we pay in freights for trans
porting the goods and products we buy
and sell given to our own people. |
would like to see new %shipyards along
the Atlantic and Pacific coasts and our
W mechanics employed in building
vessels for u own trade. I would
like TO see the ore dug from our own
hills and made into pig iron at our own
furnaces and turned into steel at our
own mills g into the construction Of
ships on our own shores.
And her / would like TO see the
ships. with the Stars and Stripes nv
lng from the masts and with Amer
lean sailors on the decks. carrying u
wheat, cotton, corn, machinery and
merchandise TO the foreign markets
where all these things have found q
sale.
While ! " uld ike a fair and hon
est trial made of the policy of grant
ing mail subsidies to regular lines
OF steamships. or to steamships which
have been approved by the navy as
being fit for auxiliary service in time
of war. | am willing TO accept any
proposal that gives promise Of re-
hahIlitating our merchant marine.
The paying of mai subsidies is he
policy Of all other Governments. In
a small way, under the ocean mail law
OF 1891, it has been the policy of the
United States. 1t has succeeded
wherever it has been tried.
Building up Il oversee shipping Il.
not a political question. All parties
should unite on the common ground
OF patriotism, which means the
countrys dignity, honor and welfare"
'copyrt1ht, 1915. by James Il. Nor
rOtc.)
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-28
ny CHANG LING-k OIL.

= EN-. CHANG HSUN, last Of
the ManChu monarchists, has
Joined the. Chinese republic
cans. He has sen a telegram to
President Yuan Shih-k'ai expressing
Indignation because Of the recently
discovered movement u restore the
Manchus TO power. He its sum-
mary suppression" and declares that
republican government is the gov
eminent best surcd to the conditions
If China; that "China's government
should never he changed"
Il have impressed upon all my as
sOCiates.' he adds. that China IS far
better as a republic than she could
possibly be as a monarch
This is probably the most significant
Endorsement If Yuan Shih-k'ai's adj
ministration that has yet come to
light. For Chang Hsun, yellow
Jacket" and so-calbsI butcher of
Marking" has hitherto Heen the nos
ultra-ManChu ap"logist hor Manchu
rule in China. as he was without doub,
the most relentless opponent of re-
publican = UpagardA.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-28

for some centuries even of our Chris
tian era.
There are a few passages in the
tablet that can be deCiphered only
tentatively at present owing to the
imperfect knowledge Of the Sumcrian
language, in which the text is writ
ten. Most of II, however, has yielded
to the efforts that have been made
to interpret il, the translation
will shortly be published in a volume
OF texts found in the Val. collection.
II contains legislation concerning in
jury to women, the Reputation of
children who perhaps had been
adopted, opponents. the hire of boats
and cattle; and like the code of Ham
murabi, it provides for the killing of
a hired OK by a lion,
The special interest of this tablet
in connection with the code of Ham
murabi is that it proves to he a pro-
totype of hat code. While the tablet
n the o treat of the same subject
matter it would be impossible to say
that the laws of the ode were de-
pendent on those represented by the
tablet if it We're not for one striking
II conclusive instance.
The first law on the reverse of the
Sumerian tablet, which unfortunately
is the only side preserved, reads; If
"a mani push the daughter OF a man
causing her serious injury. he shall
pay ten shckols of silver The second
reads: IF Ga mani strike the daughter
of a man. causing her serious injury.
he shall pay one-lhird of Il mine of
silver twenty shokels). These two
laws are condensed into one found in
the Hammurahi code, which reads; IF
n man strike the daughter Of a man.
causing her serious injury, he shall
pay ten shekels of silver The pen
atty. namely, the payment of ten
shekels in the Hammurabi code, is
taken from the first mentioned law of
the Sumerlan code, in which accidental
injury is referred to; but the act of
striking with intention to injure, found
in the Hammurabi code, is taken from
the second section of the Sumerian,
where the act Is more severely dealt
with.
although one code is written in
Sumcrlan and the other in Semitic.
B~ahylonian or Acadian it Seems that
the details as We'll as the ph%raseoloey
are such that 10 other conclusion can
be reached thar that the former was
a prototype of the latter"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-28

ocean fleet We have kept and en-
panded our coast fleet. and hundreds of
men in New England. especially in
Massachusetts,, have found steady en-
ployment at good wages building ves-
sells for our domestic
American ship mechanics continue 10
be the most skilful in the world and
American seamen are as brave and
competent as those of any other Coun-
try. We will need these men, / may
observe, II we so to war with a for
eign nation.
still there are many abandoned
~shipyards along the New England
coast and ports that We're once active
are now idle and empty. Deep sea
shipping, a noble and profitable indus
try, has dwindled almost to nothing.
In my youth shipwrights and sailors,
proud of their occupations, had their
sons ~apprenticed in yards or sen TO
sea in the hope hat some day they
Would become mates or masters.
MANY Of the young s~eataring men
of Maine n Other northern Atlantic
States em!grated To the Pacific coast
and engaged in their loved and hon
ored pursuit. and as a result California
is only second to New York in the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-28

nut very soon the people would recog-
ME the infer!ority Of the porcelain
ana would 20 back TO the old and
tried shop"
so YOU think the Emperor will
come hack some day. the English.
man asked Chang.
Yes he replied hluntly. BY and
10y We Will put the Emperor back"
Where Will the force 10 do il with
come from?' the editor asked him.
On said Chang, Il have l4Oo0
mere pointing to the lines of railway
cars in which his troops were en-
camped, and there are lots of others
elsewhere"
That was in May, 1912. 4 who'll.
'ot oi progressive later has passed
under the Chinese bridge since then
w max 'hanE feared has not happened.
IL" voted against what he believed f.,
pe eT"fts to turn China topsyturyv
under some sort of Utopian socialism.
Apparently he has been converted IN
l'puoiIcanISm through the conserya-
1--WE policy which Yuan has followed m
spa" 81 obstacles, with sometimes very
sinister influence,
'''- '''Hhs 'bl II III the province or
kldnssl, Is "A chinese military man nf
me old type, He was a Brigadier-Grn-
crai IN command of Ningyuanru
~H"'cHuah' IN 1904. In February, 1908.
ne was Eazctted commander in chief of
IN" forces at Hunnan, where troubla
WAS reported, hut he did not proceed.
gong very shortly afterward to Kansu
as commander IN chief where he
proved himself very much a man OF
blood ana iron. In 1911 he became
commander in chief of the Kiangnar
forces, with headquarters at Marking
rs an lnduccmeUt to greater eXcrtIons
'the revolutionary storm having
reared It's head he was given p,rmls-
sion to wear the yellow Jacket. The
revolutionary forces attacked Nankinr
'nang made his escape, it is said. by
climbing the south wall on the nI.,ht
OF December |, ana it is an unuuos.
TONED fact that he effected a very
mastery retreat to the northern bank
OF the river. although he had no war
ships to aid this movement. Having
saved his army, he Communicated an
the available rolling stock of the
TlentSin-Iukow railway and used tins
as a portable camp giving "A military
pointer, as il would scum. to the
kaiser'S Generals in the present great
war;. y martinet-hy some described
as barbarously hrutal-hc certainly
preserved discipline among his forces
and, according to foreign observers,
peace and order in the districts whcr-
ever he made his headquarters. As an
lnduCtmcnt to ~roC"nqIor the LANG
kiang provinces he was created Vice.
roy of that region by the imperial
authorities. lie continued his cam
paisn on the Tientsin and Pukow rail
way for months after the abdication
Of the Manchus, and was promoted a
fun General on July 7, 1913. His
subsequent career is not quite so
ul-asant. Chang was intrusted with
the task Of opposing the forces Of
the counter revolutionaries in the
summer Of 1918 He reraptured
Marking on September I, and the
Chinese of hat city and ncighborhoud
charged that he permitted tsome say
he encouraged his troops to looting
ana other lawlessness.