davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-05-17
H. S. TEXT BOOKS
State VIII Print Two Out of 81
Adopted.
Better Books but Higher Prices,
Says Commission.

1t took about three weeks for the
state text book commission to force
the big school book publishers of the
country to concede the use of their
plates for the Kansas book plant in
Topeka. The announcement of new
books approved by the state commits
sion includes two contracts, out of the
81 just approved, under which the
state will presently begin the actual
printing of the books from plates fur
nished by the company on a % per
cent royalty.
Only two of the books have been OBJ
tanned for publication here. The 9TH
er 35 will be sold as formerly by their
publishers, the price being limited by
the agreement with the state COM
mission. Three weeks of pressure
from the commission while the con-
sideration of new books for Kansas
high schools has been before the COM
mission has obtained only this con-
cession. But it is step in the direc-
ton of state publication of good books
and members of the commission are
pleased with this accomplishment
Most of the publishers remained OBJ
durately opposed to giving the state a
royalty contract, preferring to keep
the profits from the sale on books of
their own publishing. On the two
books, geometry and a rhetoric,
which the state will begin to publish
within the next two or three years, it
is expected to save to Kansas buyers
of school books few thousand dol
lars annually. 1t is possible that the
Latin composition book at the end of
the five year period just commencing.
AS forecast by the State Jour
nal, the general price for high school
books has increased slightly under the
schedule just ratified by the text book
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-05-17

commission. The increase ranges
from 5 to 10 per cent and is due to
the fact that the limit fixed by law for
text book prices has been removed and
the state commission can now adopt
any book it believes desirable Mem
bers of the commission say the Kansas
pupils will have better high school
books than ever.
Adoption of 81 Books.
The state textbook commission has
just announced the adoption of 81
books suitable for high school study
and the prices agreed to for their sale.
To this price must be added freight
from Chicago to point of sale and 1o
per cent dealers profit Books just
approved for use in Kansas high
schools in the next five years are:
Benefits Latin Grammar, Allyn &
Bacon, soc.
Walkers Caesars Gallo War, Scott
Foresman & Co., 75c.
Cicero's Select Orations, DOoge,
Benz. H. Sanborn & Co, 75c.
Harper & Miller's Vergil, American
Book company, 75c.
Guitteau's Government and Politics
in the United States HOughton Mifflin
company, soc.
Bergen & Caldwelrs Practical Bot
any, CHM & Company, 96c.
Jordan, Kellogg & Heath's Animal
Studies. d. Appleton & Co, 96c.
A Textbook of Geology, Brigham, D.
Appleton & Co, soc.
The First Year of Science, Hessler,
Benz. H. Sanborn & Company, CSC.
The Essentials of Agriculture, Wa
ters, CHM & Company, soc.
Descriptive Astronomy, Comstock,
d. Appleton & Co. zoe.
EIementarbuch, Spanhoofd, d. c.
Heath & Company, 75c.
Applied Arts Drawing Series. Books
Alas, Seegmiller, Atkinson, NentZer
& Co. Grades 1 to w, 13c; grades V
to VIII. lie.
Ancient and Medieval History,
Robinson & Breasted, CHM & Co.,
$1.121..
Modern History. Robinson & Beard,
CHM & Co., $1.121s.
Advanced Physiology and Hygiene,
Conn & Buddington, Silver, Burdett &
Co. sac.
Shorter French Course, Frazer &
Squair, D. c. Heath & Co, 83c.
Easy French, Snow & Lebon, d. c.
Heath & Co., 45c.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-05-17
TO ARREST SALOON men
Chicago Committee Strikes at Viola
tors of Sunday Closing Law.

Chicago. May ADMINISTRATIONS foc'
the Chicago citizens committee were
preparing today to swear out warrants
against saloonkeepers whose places of
business remained open yesterday in
the committees first attempt to keep
saloons closed from midnight Saturday
until Monday morning.
Chicago administrations have toll
Grated violations of the Sunday closing
law long that saloonkeepers no
longer attempt conceaIment, said A
B. McCoid, attorney for the commit
tee. I'VE do not propose to stop this
fight until we have brought violators
to punishment. If juries disagree on
the first second cases we present,
we will continue until convictions are
secured
Attorney McCoid said that leading
club women and others had been in
terested in the fight to close saloons
on Sunday.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-05-17

French Reader for Second Year
Aldrich & Foster. CHM & CO., Ssc.
Vorwarts, Bacon, Allyn Bacon
soc.
Elementary Chemistray, Smith, the
Century company, Csc.
The Story of the Ancient Nation,
New Medieval and Modern His
tory, Harding, American Book com
pany, s1.1214.
History of England, Larned, Hough-
ton, ,Mifflin company, 94c.
American History, James & San
ford, Charles Scribner's Sons, $1.05.
English Literature, Halleck, Ameri-
can Book company, 94c.
American Literature. Halleck,
American Book company, 94c.
Lyons Bookkeeping, Lyons, Lyons
& Carnahan, 75c.
Plane and Solid Geometry, Ford &
zimmerman, the Macmillan company,
CSC.
Elements Of Composition, Candy &
Opdycke, the Macmillan company, Use.
High School Course in Latin Com
position, parts 1 and 2, Baker & In
glis, the Macmillan company, 45c.
Practical Physics Black and Davis,
the Macmillan company, 93c-
A Short History of England's and
Americas Literature, Tappan, Hough-
ton, Miff1in & Co., 90c.
A Laboratory Manuel in Physics,
Black, the Macmillan company, 38c.
A Laboratory Manual for the First
Year of Science. HeSS1er, Benz. H. San
born & Co, 3Sc.
DIR. Waters Book.
DR.. Henry J. Waters, president of
the State Agricultural college, solved
a problem for the state school book
The commission was try
ing to select a text book on agricul-
ture for use in the high schools. The
best book submitted was by DR.. Wa
ters But DR.. Waters is a member of
the commission. His book was begun
before he came to Kansas, and pub
hshed before he became a member of
the, school book commission.
DR.. Waters royalties in the next five
years from the sale of the book would
have amounted to hundreds of dol
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-05-17

lars. He told the other members of
the commission that if in their judg
ment the book was the best suited for
use in the Kansas high schools he
would relinquish his royalties to the
commission to be used as a loan fund
for. students working their way
through the state Institutions of high
learning.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-05-17
Railroad Hearing in Washington.

washington, May 1.-THE inter-
state commerce commission today
opened a four days hearing for the
railroads on proposed increased rat
ings on beer, empty beer barrels. non
alcoholic drinks, empty bottles. tobac-
co. grain, grain products. rags ard
waste paper. June1 to the shippers
answer will be heard and June the
railroads will rebut.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-11-07

with new sets of machinery to accom-
modate the war industry.
Today there is scarce a town of any
Importance in the length and breadth
of France but boasts it's she'll factory
or two. The country, within the last
FIVE months. has literally been turned
into one great national arsenal. And
everything that has anything to do
with munitions runs full blast, day and
night. the workers going on in eleven
hour shifts. Here is intensification of
industry such as France never dream ed
of in the happy go-lucky days of peace
and red tape administration.
There were eighty factories in France
previous to the war devoted partially
or exclusively to the manufacture of
cannon and munitions of various sorts.
The munitions boom has multiplied
that number by more than twenty-five.
There are now more than 1000 fac
tories, large and small. turning out
munitions. nor are any of them devoted
only partially to the work. They all
operate wholly and exclusively for the
army. This means that more than two
thirds of the present available factory
resources Of the country are making
The industrial army working in these
factories numbers more than 100000
men and women. More are enlisting
in that army every day.
The nation that went forth, only a
little over a year ago, to defeat The
worlds greatest military machine. in a
short three-month campaign has learn
ed its practical lesson at last. France
proposes now to part, oEce and for
all, with her beloved bayonet tactics
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-11-07

by bees or other insects the fertilized
bloom is protected with covering OF
fine net until the seed head has formed.
These seed heads are permitted TO
rpen, when the seeds are removed and
planted in the propagating hats or
small beds.
the new varieties. Sometimes not sin
gle new one of any value is obtained:
sometimes we get half a dozen valuable
new kinds from the seeds of a single
plant. 1t is pretty much of a gamble,
because, while gardeners have definite
object in view in mating two parent
plants. it is never possible to tell IN
advance of blooming what the result
ing hybrid will be. 1t may be nothing
more than one or the other of the
parent flowers; it may be a worthless
size or texture. or it may be like the
new Queen Mary. the finest white
mum we have ever produced which is
the feature of this years show. ANA
lilac bloom. the petals of which were
lined with pale mauve. lis. of course
a hybrid, and one of the best We ever
produced. 1t is an old variety, but just
as much of favorite now when we
showed it first, many years ago.
Gardeners have tried for years to
produce a pure pink hybrid. and many
have wasted lots of time trying to get
succeeded. We have few that come
very close to pink. showing 4 clear
pinkish flush on the white petals down
toward the centers. But we haven't
a real. clear, rosy pink, and our near
est approach to blue are the Iaven-
ders, lilacs and violets. that all have
the red in the celebration that keeps
them from being pure blues. Fellows
in every shade, all kinds of white
NUNS and even the deep maroons
and very dark reds. are common
enough. But the chrysanthemum
bears out the old rule that no flower
has ever yet produced blooms in the
three primary colors-red. blue and
yellow-with. of course. the white va
rieties which are the albinoes of the
floral kingdom"
Now. If the reader has the time and
the patience to devote to his or her
chrysanthemums and the inclination
to undertake and carry out the work
detailed by Gardener McLenna. there
is no reason why he or she may not {.
have just as fine NUNS" next fall as
those produced in the conservatorie;
of the Agricultural Department. But
it is safe to assert that -MoLenna is not
going to find competition in his spe-
cialty any keener next year than IL has
been during the years he has bean
growing "mums" for Uncle Sam.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-11-07

In appearance, indeed, the as" shell
is not particularly awe-inspiring. 1t
weighs In the neighborhood of twelve
pounds, is painted red and yellow. if it
happens to be of the high-expIosive
variety, or dull red if it is a shrapneI
and in general shape and dimensions
resembles very closely the familiar
two-quart vacuum thermos bottle that
is an inseparable adjunct of every au-
tomobile lunch basket.
But its simplicity ends with its exte-
rior aspect. The steel cylinder that
forms the projectile proper is forged. at
white heat. from a solid bar some f1ve
or six inches in length. The forging
alone involves a dozen series of hand
lings and rehandlfngs. Once forged,
the cylinder goes to the steel laths and
is pared and polished, and gouged and
ringed and threaded, through another
score or two of processes that no lay
man could for a moment presume to
follow or tabulate intelligently.
Each process is followed by the mi
nutest inspection with the aid of cleo
trio lights and delicate micrometers,
and the slightest flaw in the steel or
the variation of a tenth of a millime-
ter in the diameter sends the faulty
shell to the scrap head to be recast and
given another chance.
When the shell has finally completed
it's long round of the lathes and has
safely run the hazardous gauntlet of
the micrometers it is given finishing
shops to be charged with melinite and
fitted with fuse.
Now. if the forging and turning of
the projectile is a long and delicate
process. the making and mounting of
it's fuse is a hundred times more fine
drawn and minute. The fuse of a rs
millimeter high-explosive shell is a
piece of mechanism that. in its finished
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-11-07

times the little chrysanthemum SPIDER
gets into the flowers and ruins in a
couple of days more than we can pro-
duce in as many months. OFTEN the sea-
son is not favorable to the NUNS and
then, no matter how hard we try, we
cannot produce such blooms as we have
this year. The season has been the best
one for chrySanthemums we have had
in a great many years: 1t has been
little bit too fine. because we have had
lot of trouble keeping the blooms
back and keeping the plants from
making too much growth. Some of
those James Wilson's there, indicating
a row Of towering plants down the
middle of the greenhouse, ARE more
than eight feet high. Now you know
nobody can get fair look at flowers
up that high unless they use step
ladder and we can't allow that here
Then Mr.. McLenna launched into a
description of the method of producing
NUNS" of the exhibition type. Begin
ming his work with the big blossoms,
autumn's- favorite flower. fifteen years
ago, the year the department held its
first exhibition. he has seen his labors
crowned this year with results that
made the exhibition that closes tonight
the finest the department has ever held.
Take this one, for example," he said,
Indicating a magnificent clear yellow
bloom perhaps six inches or more
across and half as long again from the
upcurving top petals to the tips or
those that hung furthest down the
stem This is a new one this season
Mrs William H. Walker is its name
and it is about the best yellow we have
ever produced.
Work on this plant-and the others
of the same variety. of course--really
began two or three years ago with the
liberalization that finally. produced
these specimens. But this individual
plant had it's start the first of last
March. when it was selected for pottin 6
for this falls show. The tiny little
plant first went into a two-inch pot
filled with the proper mixture of loan,
sand, fertilizer. etc. 1t grew in this tiny
pot until it was two or three inches
high, when it was transplanted to a
four-inch pot.
"In the larger pot the soil was made
a little richer-or stronger, as gar
deners say-and the. plant grew fast.
Only a single stalk was permitted to
grow from the one root. all shoots
being cut off as soon as they showed
themselves. The single stalk was tied
up to piece of cane and kept growing
right along. Nuns must not be al
lowed to loaf. even for a few days; II
they stand still for awhile they seldom
recover what they have lost.
Along n~July the plant began to
show q tenLency to throw off branches
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-11-07

and to form buds All of the branches
were cut off except one that grew
a single crown bud was allowed to re-
main. Sometimes a plant sets several
of the buds call crown buds; here is
one that did, and here Is Where the
extra crown bud was cut on. very
often we select the wrong one to leave
on the plant, and then we have Il poor,
miserable bloom no good FOR anything.
But. if we have made the right selec-
ton, the bud goes on developing and
the stalk keeps growing. always sin
gle stalk and always tied up to its sup
porting cane. Then we begin feedlng
the plants. About once week they
are given meal of liquid fertilizer.
made by mixing dried sheep manure
and water, straining off the liquid and
diluting it until it is about the color or
weak tea. The earth In the pots Is
pretty well soaked with this not OFTEN
er than once a week. from the middle
of July until the middle OF october, o.
until the plants show by their state or
development that they do not need fur
Their feeding.
when the plants are couple OF
feet high they are transplanted for
the last time, going into the big ten
inch pots in which they are exhibited.
Then begins the work OF seeing that
they are properly Watered, neither 100
much nor too little: that the houses are
Their too hot nor too cool, and that
spiders and other bugs do not attack
the plants or buds, to the ruin of all
prospects of fine blooms"
It's long, long way from Tulloch
Castle, in the Scotch Highlands. to
the Conservatives, of the Department
of Agriculture in Washington. Gar
dener McLenna learned his profession
there, being apprenticed when he was
fifteen years old, and serving. his time
under master who knew his work
and how to teach it. Perhaps that is
one reason why McLenna is so pains
taking and so thorough-these being
probably two reasons why he is SO sue
cessful. Describing the method of hy-
bridizing to produce new varieties of
NUNS" he, impaired the information,
new to the one to whom he talked.
that chrysanthemums produce seeds,
and that from these seeds are grown
the plants that, in turn, produce the
new and increasingly large and gor-
geous blooms that feature each years
exhibition.
Away down inside the mass of
petals" he said. ARE the fiorets which
must be fertilized by hand So, when
we want to hybridize we clip away the
petals. doing the work very carefully.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-11-07
foRoMG A SHELL By HYDRAULIC PRESSURE
AI TIE NATIONAL ARSENAL, BoURGEs.

and her dreams of dashing campaigns
and to adopt line of action whereby,
sooner or later. she will be able liter
ally to blast the invaders out of her
territory.
All the energy of the country is being
poured into one immense. prolonged ef-
fort to furnish the army with an un-
limited supply of guns of every caliber
from the 65-millimeter mountain mule
gun, that travels wherever four hoofs
can travel, to the ponderous 370-milli-
meter siege gun, that only goes where
tracks can be laid, to store up an i'm
mense reserve of millions upon millions
of high explosive and shrapnel shells
of every size and description, and to
keep steady stream of hundreds of
thousands of shells going down to the
front day by day, week by week. month
by month, tirelessly.
There is need To furnish the ma
terial for blasting the German -rmies
out of France is no little matter. Ex-
perts estimate that nothing short Of an
average expenditure of 100000 shells a
day, continued during months-nobody
dares venture a guess at how many
months-can turn the trick.
And besides the shells, there are to be
continued the cannon that will direct
their fight to the spot where they Will
do the most good-or harm No mean
artillery service can effectively fire
100000 rounds daily, month after
month, and not wear out. 1t is not
known, outside official circles. how
many cannon of various calibers France
proposes to put in the field in order to
carry out, unbroken, her gigantic artll-
Jerry program, but certainly the NUMBER
will run far into the hundreds of thou
sands.
Most emphaticalIy, the task before the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-11-07
Special Correspondence.


PARIS. France, October 9, 1915.
n 7APOLEONS curt axiom to the
lN\ll effect that God is always on
II NJ the side of the strongest bat
teries seems to have lost no
whit Of its pristine force through aging.
Today guns are perhaps even more
determining factor in the fortunes of
war than they were when Napoleon's
empire crumbled amid the smoke of
the strongest batteries at Waterloo
The human factor has come to count
ever less and less in influencing the
tide of latter-day battles No longer
do great armies of men hur1 themselves
at each other to decide the issue of
the day with cutlass or bayonet. For
against the well directed artillery fire
OF modern times mere bodies of troops
can make but little Roadway
Battles today are won by artillery.
soldiers are principally useful for oc-
cupying positions previously swept
clear of the enemy by the smoking bat
teries in the rear.
Arms and ammunition, not men. then'
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-11-07

At Outbreak of War
Many Ammunition
Factories in France
Shut Down and the
Remainder Decreased
Their Output Because
Their Workers Joined
the Army Thus
France Became Pitt
fully Weak in Ammu-
milton Expected War
to Last Only a Few
Months Then NUM-
tons Factories Were
Revived-A Campaign
for More Ammuni-
tom Workers Called
Back From the Front.
Today All France Is
Making Munitions of
War-A Lesson in I'm
preparedness - Over
1000 Factories Now
at Work - Making
High Explosive Shells
and Cannon - $4,000
Women at Work.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-11-07

Industrial armies of the republic Is no
less a one than that which confronts
the legions in the trenches and the gun
pits!
are to deliberate destruction, are new
ertheless instruments of the greatest
precision. A flaw in the bore of rifle
or cannon, a slight variation in the
diameter of a shell, miscalculation in
a charge of powder, means, at the
least, inefficiency and inaccuracy; at the
most, accidents and the loss of precious
lives For this reason all war NUM-
lions are made with the most tedious
and painstaking care. 1t is impossible
to make either a good shell or a good
cannon in "a hurry.
in less than ten days; no cannon ever
passes through all the processes of IFS
manufacture, from Bessemeri furna ce
to testing ground, in less than a month:
and probably twenty days or more to
make a shell and two to three months
TO forge and turn cannon would come
nearer to striking off the general aver
age.
Time, then, is just as important a
factor in the munitions industry as
steel. A country cannot arm itself in
a week. or in a month. Even where
to arming the process requires the
better portion of a year for it's COM
pletion. And France, be it remembered,
is not only arming but super-arming.
At Beurges they make. shells. The
skeptic who insists on believing that a
shell, even a large-caliber shell, is not
a very intricate and lengthy proposition
to evolve has only to pay a visit to the
FORCES and pyrotechnique3 shoLs of
Bourges to be instantly and thoroughly
manufacture of the mill
meter shell.