davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05
THE LITTLE PULASKIAN IN
 BIG NEW YORK.
Editor Pulaskian: ::

Editor PulaSklan:
 I am very much indebted to you for furnishing me with news of local events in Pulaski coun- ty. I am very familiar with practically all of the little dis tricts mentioned each week, and enjoy very much reading The Pulaskian.
 With all of the hurry-blurry of a large metropolis, and it's many various amusements and distractions, 1 always read "The Pulaskian" the first thing upon it's arrival Monday mornings. The paper fills a long-felt need and I hope it will grow and pros per. There is no reason why it should not, as it's news is more dear to us all than so much rather unauthentic national and international news.
 I was certainly glad the coun- ty falr was such a booming Suc- cess this year. It is still in it's infancy and everyone should contribute more t 70 make it a success each year. Go there, meet our fellows in toll, and ex- change ideas. Little Rock has evidently not seen her great op- portunity. May she "open up her heart" and exhibit more of her works of skill and encourage the tillers of the soil. Most of us know little of Pulaski's nat ural resources. If all will but pull together there is no reason why our beloved country should not be one of the most prosper ous districts in America.
 E. w. PROTHRO, Metropolitan Hospital, New
 York City.
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05
SCHAUB'S SCHOOL.

Health is good in general, and everybody is enjoying this fine weather.
 The candidates have begun their rounds, each hopeful of his success.
 We enjoyed a nice trip to our county fair. We saw many prof itable as we'll as pleasing things. The educational department was enjoyed very much. We are al- ways glad to see our boys and girls putting forth efforts, and with so much interest. Such contests arouse interest in the minds of both parent and child. In this busy age we are some times inclined to overlook the development of the minds and characters of our children. Let us interest ourselves with the things that should interest our children. Let our children know we are interested in them and the development of their minds and characters as well as we are
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05

John Hart of Bauxite visited friends and relatives here Sun day.
 Edward Benson of Little Rock spent Sunday with friends at this place.
 Fairfield school started Mon day, with Miss Lesie Caples as teacher.
 Mr. and Mrs. Harve Grogan and baby, Horace, of Bauxite, spent the weekend with rela- tives here.
 MT. and Mrs. John Crandall were supper guests of Miss Ag- nes Mcclure Friday evening.
 Lex Grogan and Verdie Red took supper with Will Red Sun day night.
 Henry Treadway of Land mark attended the singing at Ol- i've Hill Sunday night.
 Milton Mashburn visited friends here Sunday.
 Willis Hart of Bauxite visited friends and relatives at Mabel vale Sunday.
 Born-To Mf. and Mrs. G. w. Harper, a baby girl.
 Sunday school at Olive Hill next Sunday at 10 a. m.; preach ing services at s2::30 p. m. Sing ing at ' p. m.
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05
FOURCHE DAM PIKE.

Walter Hill and Miss Cora Phelps were married at the home of the brides brother, Morton Phelps, Monday, October 25.
 MT. and Mrs. Ernest Henson had as guest last week Bob Smith and son, lobe Harvey, and their brothers, Frank and Joe Benning, all of Prattsville.
 There was a Halloween party at the school house Friday night. A jolly time was report ed.
 William Henson and wife vis- tied their parents at Fourche Dam Saturday and Sunday.
 Last Saturday morning MT. Nordin was reminded of Hallow- cen when he found his buggy gone. The buggy was seen Sun- day afternoon on the school mousse pOrc1.
 Jerome Henson of Prattsville has been visiting his aunt and uncle, MT. and Mrs. A. H. Hen son.
 The candy pulling given by Misses Mollie and Alice Henson Saturday night was attended by MT. and Mrs. Louis Gachot, MT. and Mrs. Wm. Henson, Misses Annie and Julia Gachot, Geneva Hooks, Alice Nothwang, Hayden McNutt, Joe Gachot, Glyn Ham, llton and Fred Hooks of Little R ok, Ernest Phillips of Argen- ta, Frank and Joe Benning, Je- rome Henson, Hugh Smith, lobe Harvey and Bob Smith o1 Prattsville, MT. and Mrs. Ernest
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05

in our horses, cows and animals and crops of all kinds. We won der how many fathers and mothers always see that each of their children know at least one of their lessons before they start them to school of mornings, and how many of us drop everything and accompany our children to the county fairs, canning clubs, corn clubs, and all such things as develop the interests and the minds of our boys and girls.
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05
MONUMENTAL DESIGNS

Of all kinds and sizes, and an extra large stock to select from at the show rooms of Monahan < Son, 412-414 West Markham street, Little Rock. Italian marble, American marble, Barre granite, foreign granite and Ar kansas granite. Estimates fur nlshed on any kind of cemetery work. Sketches of work for out-of-town patrons. Establish ed 1895; home industry; no agents; no commissions. Larg- est stock to select from. We invite prospective purchasers to get our prices. (Advt.)
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05
CATO CULLINGs.

The first of November, and still ideal weather. Wonder if we have been transplanted?
 A Halloween party given in honor of the Philathea and Bar aca classes of Cato Sunday school was held at the home of MT. and Mrs. J. E. Hogan We'd nesday night. Dame Fortune Teller and old Mother Bunch were prominent, and everybody had a good time.
 Grover Pairet, who is attend ing the Normal at Conway, Nis- tied home folks here Saturday and Sunday.
 Miss Gertrude Office, teacher at Cato school, visited relatives in Conway Sunday.
 Quite number of Cato peo- pie attended the circus in Little Rock Saturday.
 MT. and Mrs. May, also MT. and Mrs. Martin, of Russell llle, SD snt the weekend at the home of J. w. Green.
 Our Literary Society met Friday night. A nice program was rendered, and everybody seemed to enjoy it.
 The Misses Lela Scaggs and Ethel Clark spent Sunday with Miss Frances Clement.
 Miss Roberta Clark and her sister, Mabel, took dinner with Miss Coga Black Sunday and at tended the singing Sunday even ing at Cato.
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05
SWEET HOME STRAINS.

Miss Agnes Diemer entertain ed friends at a Halloween party Friday night. The house was decorated in black and yellow. The evening was spent in games and music, after which luncheon was served. There were forty two guests present.
 l.. A. Miller and J. A. Brown are filling silo for MT. Auten this week.
 MT. and Mrs. Swearingen have moved closer to town, on the Storthz place.
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05
Associate Editors.

Miss Edna Jones, Geyer Springs. Mrs. W. ! Cotton, North Point. Miss Erma Dixon, Sweet Home. Mrs. George Protho, Ferndale.
 Miss Margaret Smart, Forest Park. Mrs. Mary l.. Valentine, Galloway. Miss Fay Glasscock, Cabot Route 2. Miss Frances Clement, Cato. Miss Ethel Crowson, Halstead. Mrs. R. E. Branch, l.. R. Route 2. Miss Opal L. Perry, Ironton. Miss Willie Graham, Jacksonville. Mrs. H. H. Mcclure, Mabelvale. Mrs. J. W. Stewart, Big Maumelle. Mrs. Rebecca Nothwang, Oak Grove. Ishmael Wicker, Ebenezer. Bolon s. Turner. Zion Hill. Mrs. j. A. Pairet, Tip Top. Miss Eala Red, Mableyale, R. 1. J. M. Thompson, Mt. Pleasant Miss Jewel Henson, Fourche Dam. H. Louis Gardner, Natural Steps. Miss Ida McHughes, Upper Ferndale Miss Lida Hardcastle, Levy. H. W. Pinkerton. Craig's Mill Earl Brown, Schaub's School. Vada Price R. No. 5, Jacksonville. Eva Wilder, Wilder.
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05
NATURAL STEPS COLUMN.

George Brown and Dave Sar- yer, two of Little Rocks enter prising and successful cattle buyers and owners of the Great Western Meat and Grocery Co.,, have spent the last week with w. w. Gardner, from whom they have bought a large drove of cattle. Messrs. Brown and Sarver have bought more cattle here from cattle men than all other cattle buyers combined.
 M. Mainard spent Sunday with Justice of the Peace w. w. Gardner.
 A. M. Cotton visited Miss Viv- ian Bolger; and this is not the first visit, either.
 It is reported that Mack Cot ton is to take bookkeeping course at Draughon's Business College in Little Rock.
 The Baptist Sunday school here is being held at 3 o'clock every Sunday evening instead of 10 o'clock a. m., as formerly. Mrs. Cotton is superintendent.
 Fishing is reported to be ex- cellent in Big Maumelle creek.
 Nearly everyone here has fin ished gathering their crops The corn crop is considerably less than last year.
 The Gardner Mailing Agency owned by H. L. Gardner is te be conducted hereafter by Miss Nellie Gardner. H. l.. Gardne, is to open up a cigar and tobac- co store at once in Little Rck.
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05
MILL CREEK CREST.

Miss Hazel Mann was Levy visitor the last of the week.
 E. A. Beadle has purchased two new cows.
 Miss Mabel Stanley was the guest of the Misses Mann Sun day.
 Charles Pritchard has gone to the country with a line of dry goods and notions. We hope he will have a successful trip.
 Mrs. Maude Sibley and chil- dren of Little Rock visited her cousin, J. l.. Mann, and family Tuesday.
 Miss Lucy Brack is the guest of her grandparents, MT. and Mrs. c. o. Brack.
 Charlie Pritchard, Jr., and c. W. Nowlin went fishing Tues day.
 Mrs. Elizabeth Mann was the guest of her son, J. l.. Mann, and family last week.
 Little Haley Smith, who has been i'll, is smewhat better.
 Mrs. Lucy Boyed was the guest of Mrs. R. F. Baise Mon day.
 Mrs. R. w. Jones and daugh- ters, Miss Jones and Miss Seta, visited J. L. Mann and family Tuesday.
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05
Friday, November ,, 1915.
SWEET NAME OF FRIEND.

How sweet the name of friend sounds to the ear, When spoken by the voice of one we love; It breathes of hope, and peace, and brightest cheer, And seems a message sent us from above. A friend is not the chance ac- quaintance of a day, But one who's shared our hap piness and tears, Who's journeyed with us long the darkened way, And helped us onward, spite of doubts and fears. A friend is one who calls out what is best In us, and loves us only for our selves, Who ne'er forsakes us when a wayward fate Makes of our life music, doleful funeral knells. A friend rejoices when our day is fair, And comforts when we walk meath clouded skies, Or when far sundered, still the loving vigil keeps, For distance cannot break true friendships ties.
 EDNA JONES.
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05
MABELyALE, ROUTE 1.

Miss Etta Red of Little Rock spent Sunday with relatives at this place.
 Mrs. Nancy Ballagh of Grain fla, Okla, is visiting her daugh- ter, Mrs. w. T. Red.
 MT. and Mrs. Henry Sanders, Misses Rosa Sanders, Clara San ders and Jessie Caple went to the circus Saturday.
 Messrs. John Grogan and
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05
GRANDPA PESHA HAS
 BIRTHDAY.

MT. and Mrs. Louis Pesha en- tertained on November 1 in hon. or of MT. Pesha's seventy-sec- ond birthday. Fifteen guests were present, including children and grandchildren. The table was loaded with presents.
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05

Henson and Jessie Humphrey of Fourche Dam. Games were played. Cake and wine were served about 11::30. Everybodv reported a jolly time.
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05
Miss Vivian Bolgier has re

covered from her illness.
 Albert Martin of Little Rock is to visit friends at Natural Steps soon.
 L. B. Moreland, postmaster, made a trip overland to Hot Springs in his Ford a few days ago.
 Dr. Tucker, enterprising and competent physician of Roland, made a business trip here this week.
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05
GEYER SPRING GOSSIP.

GEYER SPRING GOSSIP.
 MT. and Mrs. Ebert Stewart of Little Rock were guests of Mrs. Stewards parents, MT. and Mrs. Sheridan, Sunday.
 Mrs. J. B. Snow visited her daughter, Mrs. c. B. Smith, last Thursday.
 Miss Lizzie Deppe spent the weekend with relatives in Lit tie Rock.
 Fred Danforth is the guest of James Donnelly.
 R. W. Groves of near Fern dale was the guest of J. D. Jones Friday.
 Ellsworth Snow has started a dairy.
 c. W. Jones has purchased sixteen more cows.
 MT. and Mrs. Henry Cook have moved to Geyer Spring. They are staying with Mrs. Cooks grandmother, Mrs. c. B. Smith.
 MT. and Mrs. Ellsworth Snow were Sweet Home visitors Sun day.
 Dr. and Mrs. H. c. Lewis were Little Rock visitors Saturday.
 MT. Beihslich has dug seven ty-fve bushels of fall Irish pota- toes from ten rows, and has quite a good many more to dig.
 A COW belonging to c. w. Jones strayed on to the railroad Tuesday and was killed.
 Mir. Graves, of near Ferndale, visited relatives here last Fri day.
 Mrs. A. c. Myers and children were the guests of MT. and Mrs. Granville Alley Sunday.
 Mrs. Henry Holland visited Mrs. Ellsworth Snow the latter part of the week.
 Katherine Jaynes was the guest of her sister, Mrs. c. W. Jones, Saturday.
 Quite a number of our people went to see the elephants Satur- day.
 Ferndale will please remem- Der that "IIe laughs best who laughs last" and also that Gey- CT Spring is not a quitter.
 Mesdames I. c. Myers and Herod and Miss Jones gave a Halloween entertainment Sat urday night at the home of Mrs. Myers. Music was furnished by the Geyer Spring band, Miss Hattie May Myers and Els worth Snow. A fortune teller was present, and the latter part of the evening was spent in pull- ing taffy and playing games.
 The c. W. s. s. c. have plan ned for a hickory nut hunt Sat urday.
 Mrs. McGouirk and family have moved to Little Rock.
 Mrs. w. E. Vestal and chil- dren of Cato were the guests of Mrs. Vestal's sister, Mrs. I. C.. Myers, and family.
 c. G. Myers has finished dig ging his sweet and Irish pota- toes. He has some very large ones. One of his sweet potatoes made enough for two meals for a family of four.
 Fred Conway, the infant son of Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Conway, of Little Rock, was buried in the Dawson cemetery Thursday af- ternoon.
 MT. and Mrs. Beahme have some mighty fine hogs.
 Mrs. Ella Mann was the guest of her brother, R. W. Jones.
 MT. and Mrs. G. Edwards vis- tied MT. and Mrs. c. w. Jones this week.
 SCHAITP,S SCUOOI
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05

Readers are invited to send or tele- phone items of news, which should reach the editor not later than Wednesday of each week.
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05

The subscription price of The Pulaskian is only $1 a year.
The Pulaskian., 1915-11-05

Downtown Office, 31S-320 Scott
 Telephone Main 1867.
The Democratic advocate., 1915-07-16
Mr. BlizEardsS Birthday.

Notwithstanding the rain on sun
day afternoon q few friends gathered
at the home OF Mr.. and Mrs. Harry
c. Blizzard, near this city, and had
a very enjoyable time, the occasion
being Mr. Billiards. birthday. Fine
music was furnished by the Deer
Park Orchestra with Prof. Little at
the piano. At five o'clock supper was
announced consisting or chicken, rolls
salad, coffee, ice cream, cake, bananas
and other good things.
Those present were Mr. and Mrs
E. L. Skinner. Mr.. and Mrs. Frank
Welsh and daughter, Thelma, Mr.. and
Mrs. Truman Hook, Mr.. and Mrs
Arthur Blizzard and son, Vernon. Mr.
Charles Blizzard, Mir. Harry Shipley
of this city: Mr- Edward BOllinEer
Mr. C Edward Little. Mr. Montrost
Blizzard, Russell, Alma, Carl anC
Wilson Blizzard After having a de-
lightful time and wishing Mr.. Biz
zard many more happy birthdays al
departed for home.
The Democratic advocate., 1915-07-16
DO YOU WANT A REPUBLICAN FOR
GOVERNOR?

"Onc OF the chief troubles about pri
mary elections il the bitterness tha
III aroused. This Il great pity, ant
to our minds 1t II one OF the Chef
objections to the system, aside from
the expense Of conducting it. Las
week we Cliuded to the importance oi
adhering to political compacts anc
cautioned voters against the disagree
able consequences Of making family
differences the occasion for disloyalty
to their party
THE Democrats of Maryland have q
perfect right to favor either Mr.. Har-
rington or Mr.. Lee fo their nomina-
tion for Governor. The question Is
who Will make the better official? The
discussion along such lines need 1--WE
ofFensC to neither candidate, and Ger
tainly 1t shouid give none to those
who are supporting the one or the
other. The trouble is that the discus
sion does net end with disclosures OF
mems former Official work and criti-
cisms 2f 1t. The adherents Of these
two men are unfortunate enough to al-
low themselves to get into personal
controversies and to drag into such
controversies the men whom they
wish to held Office.
1T should rot be forgotten that the
coming primary election l. family
matter, and that thu preceding cam
paign should be looked upon as a
mere family difference, upon which
the family IS to be united when the
primary is over The folly of an op-
posite view Will be appreciated when
it il too late, just as il has been dur
in the past four years Of Republic
can ADMINISTRATION
THE question presented to the DEM
ocrats OF Maryland now is: Do yon
want a Republican Governor? If so,
no better way in the world could be
taken to accomplish this than to make
the artc-p-lraarv campaign one Of bit
ternes5 and Of strife. Isn't il time
III call malt and To make our family
relations Of more cordial and agree
able kind?" Four years of Republican
rule ought to be a sufficient rer.son
why We shon!d want no more of Il.
Maryland is a Democratic State.
ri has i-IpntT Of votes to Keep IT o.
It viii be the greatest shame IA W.
conduct our present campaign in such
a way as to permit repetition Of
the last four years experience. Mr..
Les or Mr. Harrington will either one
be better than any Republican that
can he lamed. We do not want Re
publican Governor In a Democratic
State The point, therefore, - To ad-
just our campaign % a. to keep down
Democratic strife and thus prevent a
Republican from having another show
COR cefce-a show of which they are
already attempting to take advantage
There i really no excuse for any
Democrat claiming that Republican
viii he elected Governor Of Maryland
Such result cannot possibly occur
if Democrats themselves will learn
how to behave as members of the
Democratic family-From Maryland
Herald.
The Democratic advocate., 1915-07-16
WESTMINSTER, MD.
FRIDAY AFTERNOON, JULY l6, 1915
PRIMARIES TUESDAY, SEPTEM-
BER 14th.

Chairman Murray Vandiver, Of the
Democratic State Central Committee
and Chairman Galen ri. TAFT, chair
man of the Republican State Central
CommGttee, met last Friday and
agreed upon Tuesday, September
14th, as the date for the Statewide
Joint primary election. The law gives
the chairmen of the governing bodies
Of the two leading parties the privil-
&c to select tn primary election
date.
The preceding day, September 18th,
will be a holiday, September 18th,
Starspangled Banner Day falling on
Sunday. At the primaries candidates
for governor, for encouragement
and comptroller, a. well As for local
offices To b. filed at the general cleo
ton in November will BE- voted for
The Democratic advocate., 1915-07-16
2.22S-3OO Total Killed in War; 4,S3T,
51O Wounded.

London, July According to an
official appeal issued by the French
Relief Society, the French casualties
from the beginning of the war up to
June !, 1915, total 1,40O,000. OF this
number 100000 are reported killed,
100000 wounded and 100000 taken
prisoners.
This statement II the text for the
following computation, from official
sources, giving the latest estimates Of
the total casualties of all the Powers
engaged in the great war:
France, killed 100000, wounded,
100000, prisoners and missing, 3O0,-
600, Casualties total, 1,4OO, 900
Great Britain, killed 10000,
wounded $4,000, prisoners and miss
ing $4,000, casualties total 100000.
Russia, killed 733,000, wounded L.
$4,000, prisoners and missing 770,-
900, casualties total 3,S45,000.
Germany, killed 482,000, wounded
$4,000, prisoners and missing 233,-
GEO, casualties total 1857, 900.
Austria, killed 341,OOO, wounded
1000, prisoners and missing 183,-
900, casualties total 1,235,O00.
Belgium, killed $4,000, wounded
100000, prisoners and missing 10000,
casualties total $4,000.
Serbia, killed $4,000, wounded 112,-
500, prisoners and missing $4,000,
casualties total 226,600.
Turkey, killed $4,000, wounded co.
600, prisoners and missing $4,000,
casualties total ISL, 900.
Japan, killed 300, wounded go,
casualties total 1,210.
Grand total killed 2,22S,300 wound
ed 4,S37,510, prisoners and missing
], 1,7O5,000, casualties total S,770,S10.
Note.-No report has been made
officially Of Italian losses.
The Democratic advocate., 1915-07-16
FOR SALE!
Lot of Ear Corn.
D. DIXON BYERS,
jy 1927 Eastview, Md.

COAL A-LA-CARTE AT SMITH &
REIFSNIDER'S and II we do say il
ourselves, We believe THAT we have
got the best horses and wagons and
men that we have ever had. we alI
work together to give good service.
July and August are the two Coal
months.
The Democratic advocate., 1915-07-16
CALLS ON EDISON AS WAR I'M
VENTOR.

West Orange, MI J., July 12.-Thom-
o. AL Edison has accepted an invita-
ton from Secretary Daniels to head
an advisory board of civilian inven-
tors for a Bureau of Invention and
Development to be created In the
Navy Department His acceptance
will 10 forward at once To Washing
tom, where tha new plans await word
from the man who can turn dreams
into realities
The Democratic advocate., 1915-07-16

When the reformer fails he is gen
orally regarded as a disturber.
The Democratic advocate., 1915-07-16

az woman always wants another
woman to help her keep a secret
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1915-06-28
PLAN TO INSTALL
600 Meters FOR
TEST PURPOSES
Supervisor Larsen Will This
Evening Introduce Ordinance
Appropriating $500

Supervisor William Larsen, chair
man CT the water and sewer works
committee of the city board. Is ex-
pected TO introduce resolution at to-
nights meeting Of the supervisors to
appropriate $S5U0 for the purchasing
OF water meters for installation in
business blocks, tenements and fac
tories. -#..
This Appropriation will allow the
city to buy about 60y meters. As soon
as they ARE installed and the stores,
buildings. factories and tenements are
on a meterage system, Water Works
Superintendent Murray plans to in
stall several meters. at random, In Ho-
nelulu homes and the average rate
established at these places will be Sc
lected as the general flat rate for all
hCuseholders BY the same means a
general flat rate for irrigation pur-
poses will be set.
Murray credits the failure of many
OF the present meters to give satisfac-
tiGn to the alleged fact that too small
meters have been installed where the
pressure is high. H
Il have just received letter from
che meter factory guaranteeing its me-
tiers against everything except over
loading" said Murray. by this 1t
means that where 5-Sths meter is in.
stalled to carry 80 gallons of water a
minute, the gears in the meter must
race to carry the load, where If a
3-4ths meter had been installed. the
gears would run at normal speed ]
have found examples Of this mistake
in using too small meters everywhere
about the city -
A card was inclosed by the meter
company in its letter to Murray. On
this card is a printed schedule OF sizes
of meters and their different capacity
loads. The maximum delivery Of wa.
ter through 5-Sths is 221s gallons a
minute, through S-4ths 1t is S714 gal,
Ions, through 1-inch meter is 1t 67R
gallons, through 11sinch meter 1t is
los gallons minute. Below the sched-
ule the following warning is printed in
large type:
Always use meters full capacity oil
supply line, preferably one size larger
This insures longer life for meters"
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1915-06-28
BRONCHIAL COUGHS

When the bronchial tubes are af.
fected with that weakening, tickling
cough, they need immediate and SEN
sible treatment. The breath seems
shorter because of mucous obstruc-
tons; usually fever is present and
your head jars with every cough.
Your chest aches and the inhamma-
ton often spreads to the lungs.
The food-tonic that has proven its
worth for forty years-is SCOTS Emul-
sion. It drives out the cold, which
is the root of the trouble, and checks
the cough by aiding the healing
process of the enfeebled membranes.
If you are troubled with bronchitis
or know an afflicted friend, always re-
member that SCOTS Emulsion builds
strength while relieving the trouble.
l+-6i Scott &Bowne. bloomfield. M.