davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-12-24
SkYPIECE WASTES
Men Are as Extravagant in
Lid" Buying as Women.
They Throw Away Millions in
Hats Every Year.

New York Dec 24-DeSpite Joke
smiths traditional harping upon the
millinery extravaganza of niIady. fig
ures compiled here claim to show that
men in the United States annually
throw away s10.40o.00O worth of hats
while a large percentage of women
make over their old hats and save
probably as much as the men send to
the ash heap
Philadelphia dealers estimate that
their men patrons throw away $4,000
worth of hats a week Upon this basis
it is estimated that New York men dis
card $50, 900 worth. Chicago. $40, 600;
San Francisco, $4,000; Cleveland.
$4,000: Boston. $4,000: Denver, So
Indianapolis. $1,000; Kansas City,
10000: Los Angeles. $4,000; Milwau-
kee. $4,000: Pittsburgh. $40, 600; Port
land. $4,000: Omaha $4,000: st. Paul.
$4,000: St. Louis. SO. 900: Washington,
ficieut to bring the weekly total up to
5000, 900. or $40, 100000 a year Prob
ably this is an exceedingly low esti-
mate
Not Counting Caps.
Some estimates place the annual
amount at S15,000.000- This amount
represents about 100000 spurned sky
pieces. at least; nor does it take into
account caps and other substitutes for
hats. The average price paid for hats
is believed TO be about IS. but that
gives no idea of how extravaganza some
men can be on their hats These in
CAl1E LleAA u ana SUIT ICANS+ S4AE tlSA-f
straws of every kind. including Pana-
mas There are men who order spe-
ciaIIy made Pauamas, as many as half
a dozen at Il time. to cost $3.50 each
Some of the rest of Us can get a mod
est straw for IS cents. and from that
up
Very good Panamas can be had, we
are assured. for $75, and some as low
as 81. When it comes to soft felt
hats. $50 will buy the best. and for
hard felt. IS, while SO will secure
the best French imported silk high
hat
Men CHUCK Old Ones.
When a woman buys a new hat she }
has it sent horne in an elaborate box
covered with roses like the old fash Z
toned chintz or wall paper patterns Z
1t gives il a Partisan atmosphere, even 4
il the creation never saw Paris: but
when a man buys a new hat he usu-
ally tells the halter to chuck the old
one. Sometimes. very seldom, he has
it sent home. intending to give it to
the man who cuts the lawn and takes
put the ashes, and then he forgets all
bout it. and his wife gives it to the
rubbish man or the Salvation Army
nan at the first call
A. for the ''cast-offs'' that are
by the halter, the second
land man comes around and takes
hem away. He refurbtshes the ones 7
worth while and sells them at any
Price the others are stripped of the
lands and bindings and leather sweat
bands for the raG bag and the remain
Ter goes to the dump
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-12-24
At THE THEATERS
Novelty Review.

The Novelty management should be
complimented for bringing to Topeka
a holiday bill with such an act as T.
Dwight Peoples southern porch
party" To several people Is. J. in
cIuded) the violin selections rendered
by Miss Norma Hopkins, a dark eyed
beauty are worth the admission
charge She played the violin ex-
tremeIy well Furthermore her art
was enhanced by her cOmeliness- Miss
Ruth Warren's cello work was excel
lent as were the numbers given by the
rest of the company last night
Sullivan and Mason, possessors Of
pleasing voices, made great hit.
Helen Primrose. who is southern and
pretty. had new line of comedy
which she put over we'll Her opening
number was especially good The
three Weber sisters were cute looking
They did several acrobatic feats-
Brown and Mccormick presented neat
soft shoe dancing, but one Of the dis
tinguished looking young men needed
a hair cut last evening Pathe News
showed among other things the town
of Hopewel, Va, which was recently
destroyed 1t is interesting TO note
that so far President Wilson and his
bride have evaded the Pathe camera
man s J.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-12-24

Daddy Long Legs" the fascinating
comedy written by Jean Webster.
which Henry Miller is sending to the
Grand Opera House next Saturday for
Christmas matinee and night has shat
tered the conservatism of every dra-
matte critic who has witnessed the
famous success The New York Tim es
reviewer, for example. on the morning
following the Broadway production
wrote the following comment:
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-12-24
STILL OWES $6,45O
The City l. in Possession Of SO Avail
able for Paying the Pipe
Organ Debt.

IN spite of all the efforts made in
the last ten years TO pay for the big
pipe organ in the Auditorium the city
stiIl owes IS. $50 on the principal and
January 1 will owe another years in
terest- There il a total of s19 left in
the pipe organ fund These facts were
disclosed in communication filed
with the commission today by the Pru-
Dental Trust company, custodian of
the organ fund The city tries 10 pay
$1,000 a year on the principal debt
and keep up the interest.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-12-24

The story of A Continental Girl
is placed among the wild romantic
scenes near Lake George. New York
where the Americans won their first
victory over the British at the battle
OF Saratoga, October, 177T
Flossie, he daughter of Francis
Burgett, a patriot Is living with her
father and aunt near to where the
contending British and American
armies are encamped. Two officers
are in love with this beautiful SORTED
daughter Of tine Revolution One Of
her suitors is Captain Stanton of the
Kings forces, the other to whom her
heart turns IS Lieute nant Allen Gran
ger of the ContineDtaIs
The last scenes of the play occur
after the war in Old New York in {.
quaint colonial mansion on Christmas
Eve The beautiful costumes the
scenery, the antique furniture etc, all
so to make a pretty picture in which
we see Allen and F'lossis happily unit
ed while the company dances the
stately minuet
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-12-24
GETS BACK AT ENGLAND
Parcel Post Packages sent
to Russia.

Berlin. Dec. "a. - Advices from
Stockholm report that in pursuance
Of the Swedish goverume nt's decision
to hold up parcel post packages pass
ing through Sweden to or from Eng
land in retaliation for the removal by
British authorities from steamships of
packages for Sweden, 10000 parcels
from England for Russia are now be-
ing held at Gothenburg.
AT Haparanda. it is said, $500 pack
ages are being detained
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-12-24
F0RGER is CONVICTED
F0r-ne- Newark Business Man Found
Guilty Of Taking Notes 10 Cred
itors for S25o,G 900.

Newark. Dec. 24--After being out
all night i jury in common pleas
court today returned 4 verdict of
guilty in the case of Al Rawlings. a
former prominent business man of this
city
Rawlings, who formerly conducted a
large piano house, was charged with
the forgery of notes aggregatiag $3.50
600 His creditors included many
firms in cities throughout the coun-
try Sentence was deferred.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-12-24
FRENCH BEATEN BACK
German Forces Completely Regain
Position on EprtDla n Wcilcrkopf
and Force Allies From Trenches.

Berlin. Dec 24-The Germans have
completely regained the position on
Hartnans- W eiIerkopf in the VosgeS
region. recently taken by the French
It was officially announced by army
headquarters today The French
have been driven out of the trenches
they still occupied on the northern
slope of the peak. it is declared.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-12-24

The play at the Iris today and to-
night will be the latest release Of the
Rolfe Photo Plays. Inc. through the
Metro program, when Emmy WehIeu.
the dainty Viennese actress will be
seen in the stellar role of the five
part feature motion picture. Tables
Turned" Miss Wehlen will be sup
ported by an excellent cast of unusual
merit. including H Cooper CIiffe, Les
lie Austin. Edgar L Davenport Wal
ter Hitchcock and Jeannette Horton
Tables Turned Is based on a strong
and vital theme which is treated in
an unusual manner II is dramatic in
the extreme and afforGs Miss WehIen
ample opportunity TO display her re-
markedly versatile talents. Tomorrow
the bill will be Marguerite Clark in
Seven Sisters. The censor board
completely s.deIetedt' Her Mothers
Secret
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-12-24

Robert Warwick and Vivian Martin
appear at the Cozy today and Satur-
day in The Sins of Society" This is
said to be a powerful drama, one
which has attracted universal atten-
ton. Both Of the stars are well known.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-12-24

the amount that Christmas promise
70 the eaddies really cost Among
office attaches. though. there is a
general feeling that the amount was
hs ueighborhood of 500
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-12-24

DR. Wilson Keith Hobart. physician
and surgeon. 704 Mills Building. Of
flee phone 1894. residence phone 1045.
Adv
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-12-24
Omheuru Review.

D. ". Griffith's handwork is shown
in a Triangle picture. sable Larcha-
at the OrpheuTn the last half of the
week Thomas Jefferson and Tuliy
Marshall appear to advantage No
other criticism IS necessary for the film
other than the fact that IL IS up to
Grifdth's standard
The KeystC-fe comedy stars Mabel
Normand, Raymond Hitchcock and
Max SennetC- 1t was as funny as they
make them One of the vaudeville
acts is good The school act is almost
fair. The picture program is a suit
able one for Christmas day 81
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-12-24

With the production of Help Want
ed" Jack Lait's great play of modern
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
NOTICE OF FORFEITURE

To Theodore Kembessos. Lizzie
Empsy. David C. Empey. Z. c. d.
Marriage, Lizzie Empey as admins
tratrix of the estate of John Bo8en'
deceased. and the heirs at law Of
John Bowen, deceased.
You and each of you are hereby not
flied, that the undersigned has ex'
pended during the year 1914, one
hundred $1,000 dollars in labor and
improvements upon the Mid No.
Lode Mining Claim situated in the
Atlanta Mining District, Lincoln
county, State of Nevada, the orlgina
certificate of which is found o
record in Book D-1 of Mining Noti
ces, at page 3, Lincoln County. Ne
vada records, in order to hold sait
claim under the provisions Of sec
ton 1924 of the revised statutes 0
the United States and the amendmen
thereto approved January ~, 1881
concerning annual labor upon minlnI
claims. being the amount required 7
hold said lode for the period endlh
on the 31st day of December 1914
II within ninety 900 days from TN
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
TEXAS GOVERNOR
MEETS CARRANzA
EXECUTIVES EVOLVE PLAN FOR
DEALING WITH BANDIT RAIDS
ON THE BORDER.
During Conference a Band of MexL
cans Cross Border Into Arizona
and Fire Upon Patrol of
Colored Soldiers.

Laredo, Texas.-Governor James B.
Ferguson of Texas visited General
Venustiano Carranza in Nuevo Laredo
on Tuesday, where, after an hours
conference, the Texas executive and
party were guests at a banquet given
by the Mexican leader.
The result of the conference be-
tween Governor Ferguson and Gen.
eral Carranza was said to have been
a complete understanding of the Dor
der situation, the principal subject
discussed, which will result in effec-
tive cooperation between authorities
on both sides of the river for the pre-
vention of future bandit troubles in
the lower Rio Grande valley and the
determination of outlaw characters
Twenty-Five Mexicans crossed the
border near Nogales, Arizona, on
Tuesday and fired into border patrol
OF six colored soldiers OF the United
States cavalry. A private named
Pool was shot through the leg.
The troopers returned the fire and
killed one Mexican. Another Mexican
who was wounded was dragged across
the line by his companions.
The American soldiers were sur
prised while at breakfast.
The Mexicans in the raiding party
were said to have been Villa outposts,
but this lacked confirmation.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27

jay, and Little Jay No. l, lode min
in, claims, situate in Ely Mining
District, Lincoln County, State of
Nevada, being mineral survey No.
4257, described in the field notes
and plat of the official survey now
on file in this office, with magnetic
yaraton at 16 deg. 40 min. East, as
follows:
Beginning at Cor. No. / being NV
Cor. of Talisman lode, this survey |
whence SW Cor. Sec. Z, T. N, K.
81 E. bears S. n deg. 40 min. w.
1859 it. distant; thence N. 63 deg.
II min. E. 1904 #. to Cor. No, l,
North Star lode; thence N. "a deg.
81 min. w. 1881 it. to Cor No 2,
North Star lode, thence N. So deg
u min. E. 1900 TT. to Cor. No. 3,
North Star No. l lode; thence s "A
deg q min. E. 1881 TT. to Cor No
4 North Star No. l lode; thence S.
63 deg. II min. w. 2O0,4 TT. to Cor
No. Talisman No l lode; thence
S. 26 deg. 4S min E 1895 fit. to
Cor No. 3, Talisman No. 1 lode; theme
N So deg. u min. E. 1858 it to
Cor No. 2, Little Jay No. l lode;
thence Sc deg. 03 min. E. 1900 TT.
to Cor No. 8, Little Jay No. /
lode; thence S. 63 deg. II min. w.
12l5.S TT. to Cor. No. Little Jay
lode; thence N. So deg 03 min w.
1900 it. to Cor. No. l, Little Jay lode !;
thence S. 60 deg II min w. ITO it..
to Cor. No. 4, Ia isman lode; thence
N. 26 deg 4S min w. 1895 TT. to-
Cor, No 1, Talisman lode, the point
of beginning The total and net
area of said mining claims IS 1892
acres, all of which is claimed and
applied for. Said lode claims are
situated in S. IL of Sec. Z. and n
IL Of Sec. IS, 7. ~, R. 81 E Mt
Diablo b. and NJ, and recorded in
Records of Mining Notices, Lincoln
County Nevada, as follows:
North Star, original, Book N. page
273 amended Book b. page 229
North Star No. /, original, Book p
229; Talisman, original Bool
N, page ga; amended, Book b.
page 225; Talisman No. /, original
! Book @, page 4; amended, Book b.
i! page 226; Little Jay, original, Bool
Z P, pages 593-594; amended, Book B
y 2 page 22S; Little Jay No. /, orig
Z NAL, Book P, page $685. amended, Boo
q BE-, page 22S. The nearest know
. locations are the Lite Bell, Maj
.. tina Washington Martha Washing
ton No. l., Martha Washington No.
: Little Jay, j. Il c., J. l. G, No, 3
4 j. |. C. No. 4, j. |, c, No, 5, Yves
Point Fraction, Comstock and CONS
N ctock No. l lode claims, all unsul
: veyed
4 l direct that this notice be pull
n lished in the Phoebe Record at P
II oche Nevada, the newspaper publish
ed nearest said lode claims. for
period of sixty 600 days,
. SHOBER J. ROGERS.
- Register.
First pub. 1919; last. 12-4 1915. !.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
NOTICE TO TAXPAYERS


Please take notice that the state
and county taxes for the year 1913
are now due and payable at my office
All taxes-except amounts due on
second lments-remaining I'M
paid at o'clock p. M, Monday. Dec
ember 9Th, 1915, will then become
delinquent and 10 per cent penalty ad
ded thereto, if advertised, the sum
of 50 viii also b. added thereto.
Parties paying in semi annual install
ments are required to pay on first
installment the full amount Of poll
taxes due in addition to one-half of
their real and personal property tax.
Dated November / 1915.
CHAS. CULVERWELL.
Treasurer and Tax Receiver.
First pub. 1l-6; last 1927.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
NOTICE
or REREcoRDING OF BRANDS

TO WHOM 1T MAY CONCERN:
Notice is hereby given that, in ac-
cordance with the provisions of 'An.
Act relating to and requiring the re-
recording of brands upon livestock"
(Approved March rs, 1870; any per
son, company or corporation who shall
claim or own any brand or mark is
required to re-record tho same be-
fore the LIST day Of January, A. ID.
1916, and any failure to re-record a
brand or mark as required by the
provision of the above entitled act
shall be deemed an abandonment of
the same.
And you are hereby notified that
unless you re-record your brand anc
mark before the list day Of January
A. ID. 1916, said brand will be can
celled and may be used and adopted
by any other person.
CIV. GARRISON,
County Recorder in an for Lin
coin County, Nevada.
Dated November /, 1916.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
WAR WITH NIGHT RIDERS.
Battle Outcome of Struggle Between
Land Owners and Tenants.

Cape Girardeau. Motive alleged
'nigth riders and two private detec-
tives We're wounded in pistol battle
southwest Of Clarkton, Mo-. near here
early Tuesday. Seven Of the night rid
ers were captured later, and an all
day chase by bloodhounds and q
posse.
Virtually every citizen of Clarkton
and every landowner in the vicinity
are armed in expectation of another
attack by the might riders" The lat
ter are secret band Of tenants and
tenant farm laborers who have been
waging feudlike war for higher wages
and lower food prices.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27

has filed notice of intention to make
claim to the land abovedescrlbed, be
fore Charles Culverwell, County Clerk
at Phoebe, Nevada, on the 22nd day
of December, 1915.
Claimant names as witnesses:
Lamond Crescent Woods. of Cali
ente, Nevada.
Obed Edwin Hamblin, of Calien-
tie, Nevada.
Edwin Obed Hamblin, of Calien'
tie, Nevada.
Lawson Tyanktum Atchison, of Cal
iente, Nevada.
SHOBER J. ROGERS,
Register.
First pub. LIB. 191.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
10. .cE FOR PUBLICATION
Serial 09391

Serial 0939l
Land Office Carson City, Nevada,
November 10, 1915.
City, Nevada, November 49, 1915.
Notice is hereby given that VIII am
N. McGill of Ely, White Pine County,
Nevada, has filed in this office his
application to enter-select-locate UNI
der the provision of the act of Con-
gress, approved May IL 1912 90
Stats. 1l59-62) the following describ-
ed land viz; NV IA of Sc IA,
Sec. 3D. Township N, Range 65 E..
NJ ID. b. & NJ
Any and all persons claiming ad-
versely the lands described, or de-
string to object because of the MIN
eral character of the land, or for any
other reason, to the disposal to the
applicant, should file their affidavits
in tbs Office on or before the 4th day
of January, 1916.
SHOBER J. ROGERS,
Register
First Pub. 1929, 1915
Last Pub. 1926, 1915.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION

Department of the Interior. Serial
07246. u S. Land Office at Carr
son City, Nevada, November 6, 1915.
Notice is hereby given that Char
les Dimmick, of Acoma, Nevada, who,
on August II, 1872, made homestead
entry, No. O7246. for the S IL SE1-4
of Section and E 1-2 NE Ia of
Section II, Township South
Range 50 E, Mount Diablo Meridian
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
Hotel Swept Out to Sea.

Bay City, Ore.-Property damage
estimated at 100000 resulted Tues
day at Bayview, a seaside resort on
the northern coast Of Oregon, when
q violent storm swept the village,
wrecking the hotel, railroad depot
and six or eight cottages. The Bar
view hotel was picked up by huge
wave and carried partly out to sea.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
KEYNOTE Of Message.

Washington. - President Wilson's
next annual address to congress, 1t
was learned definitely Tuesday night.
will be devoted primarily to discus
sion of national defense and the sub
ject of revenues, though it will refer
to other legislative questions which
the president expects congress to act
on during the coming session.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
APPLICATION FOR PATENT

MINERAL APPLICATION NO. 09324.
United States Land Office at Car
son City, Nevada. October Z, 1913.
Notice is hereby given, that Pr
oche Metals Mining Company, a cor
poration cf Utah, 5y its agent and at
torney,in-fact, l.. H. Beason, whose
residence and postoffice address is
Pioche. Nevada, has made applca-
ton for a United States patent for
tn, North Star, North Star No. /,
Talisman, Tadsman No. l, Little
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
personal service of this notice, or

personal service of this notice. or
within 900 days after publication
thereof, you fail or refuse TO con-
tribute your proportion of such ex-
penditure as co-owners, which
amounts to fifty tS500O) dollars, your
interest in the claim will become the
property of the subscriber. your CO.
owner, who has made the required ex
penditure by the terms of said sec
4 ton.
4 ATLANTA CONSOLIDATED COLI
/ MINING CO, By ]. ]. Stubenbord, it.
Superintendent.
Dated August %, 1915.
i First pub. Gil; last 12-11. 1915.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
CHINA PoSTPoNES CHANGE.
May Delay Establishment Of Mon
archy Until War Is Ended.

Pekin.-Virtually all the Chinese
papers print announcements of an in
definite postponement of the change
in China's form of government to a
monarchy, Predictions are freely
made by the press, without official
contradictions, that the republican
form of government will not be aban-
doned during the continuance Of the
war
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
Was Forced to be a Spy.

Geneva.-A military court has SEN
fenced Marie Therese lie Philipponat,
native of Cahors, France, to serve a
months Imprisonment and pay fine
Of 5000 on the ground that she Is a
German spy. She says she was forced
to be spy.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
Mine Sinks Turkish Transport.

London-Sinking OF Turkish
transport which was carrying 500 sol
diers across the Sea OF Marmora 10
reported in message from Zurich,
forwarded from Amsterdam by the
Central News.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
BABY ORDERED DEPoRTED.
Woman's Offer to Adopt Belgian Wait
Declared insufficient.

New York-A 13-months-old Bel
gian girl baby, known as Jeanne, who
came here by the way of England.
was ordered deported by immigration
officials. The deportation order was
made Notwithstanding an offer Of
Mrs Percy Proctor, formerly Baron
ess Nodine Won Klaefuss, to adopt the
baby
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
Republican Gains in New York.

Albany, N Y.-The Republican ma
jority in the state, as reflected by the
vote for assemblymen at the last cleo
ton, increased from $4,000 last year
to $4,000, according to statement
issued Teusday
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
Opposed to Explosives.

Bobby's first teeth were bad and
had to be extracted. He seemed so
fearful Of the ordeal that ais mother
asked him if he did not want to take
gas for it. His eyes opened wide and
he exclaimed in horror: Take gas!
| should say not! Do you think want
to be bowed up?"
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
jury Acuuits Auditor.

Jefferson City, Mo.-John P. Gordon,
state auditor, has been acquitted by
a Jury in the circuit court of having
drawn illegal warrants on the state
treasury
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1915-11-27
Caliente

CALIENTE, New, Nov. 25th,-The
merchants of Caliente are trying
to get together on the subject or
observing the SABBATH, by closing their
stores all day Sunday and holidays.
A good move in the right direction
Mrs. A. Milsap and mother-in-la law
left Tuesday for California.
The boys have been enjoying skat-
Ing very much this season.
Bob Corkish of Delamar, passed
away at 10 o'clock Saturday evening
He was the father of Alice Corkisf