davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-22

From indirect sources it has been
pretty well established that the Young
Turks were ANXIOUS for war with Italy
and were strongly urged 10 that course
by Germany. In diplomatic circles, how
ever II is not thought likely that Ger
many will declare war on Italy. wishing,
II is explained, to remain technically
AT peace with this country IN the hone
that post-hellum relations will not be
too strongly taxed.
II is practically established that the
last Italian note to Turkey was in the
form of an ultmatum.
Italy will probably begin her war
against Turkey hl sending very ap-
preciahlo force Of men and warships 10
the Dardanclles to aid Great Britain
aud Franc, in their combined effort to
open the strait, or possibly To Enus, on
the .Egeau coast, to force way toward
Constautiuople overland.
It has recently been repor'cu ,nn the
word Of we'll informed lalian arrivinI
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-22
Gerard Formally to State
Fact and Thus Invite
Official Comment.
TENSION GROWS
in WASHINGTON
Diplomatic Break Only Re-
taliatOry Measure So
Far Considered.
DOUBT LINER TRIED
TO RAM SUBMARINE
This. However. May Be Ger
man Defence-DisavOwal
of Act Unlikely.

WASHINGTON, Aug. 21.-Only one
far in the crisis caused by the tor
pedong Of the White star liner Arabic
and the loss OF at least two American
lives
The President has decided to direct
Ambassador Gerard at Berlin TO call the
German Governments attention to the
sinking Of the Arabic, and thus invite
any explanation which the Berlin au-
thorties may care to make.
This action will give Germany an
opportunity TO cite any circumstances
OF which she may have knowledge in her
own defence or voluntarily to disavow
the act OF the submarine commander, "
she should desire to adopt that course.
Washington has no hope that Ger
many will ropudiate the sinking of the
Arabic. On the contrary, the belief
here is that she will defend this act.
Just as she did the torpedoing Of the
Lusitanla without warning. So that the
opportunity opened up by Ambassador
GerLrd's inquiry as viewed In Washing
ton is likely TO he valuable only In so
far as 1t will give the United States
officials Germany's side OF the case.
The passing OF another twenty-four
hours has increased the tension in WASH
4ngtOn over Germany's latest attack
upon American life and strengthened
the impression that this Government will
b. obnged 10 "act" unless some entirely
UnC xpected circumstances are brought
10 light in regard to the sinking Of the
White Star liner
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-22
Accuses the Porte of Incit-
ING Revolt Of Arabs i'm
Tripoli.
BULGARIA MASSES
TROOPS TO STRIKE
l)O.OOO Men on Ottoman
FrOntiel-Balkans Ready
to Join Conflict.
BERLIN FEARS FATy
OF TURKS Is SEALED
Allied Armies at Darda-
nellcs May BE Strength
cncd by Italian Forces.
special Cdble DespatcG 10 Tnr stx.

AMSTERDAM. via London. Aug 81.
The Wolff Bureau at Berlin reports
that the news Of Italy's declaration
OF war against Turkey was received
In Berlin with deep emotion.
IL Is feared, says the report. that
ltaly's entry into the fight against
Turkey will seal the fate Of the Oar
danelles.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-22

'Pe''nf 'Hptc bfSpn'N 10 lHr HtN.
ROME. Aug. 2l.--Italy declared var
on Turkey to-day. The Turkish Am
bassador. Naby Bey. has been handed
his passports and will depart i'm
mediately for Switzerland. Marchcse
Garroni the Italian Ambassador to
has been instructed to
notify the Turkish Government OF
1taly's intention and Immediately to de-
mand his right of safe conduct from
the country.
In announcing the declaration of
war the Government cited two primary
causes
The Turkish support of the revolt
in Libya.
The prevention by Turkey of the
departure of Italian residents in Syria.
The declaration came at the end of a
short Cabinet session, convened i'm.
mediately upon expiration Of the time
limit of the Italian demands. The Ital-
ian Government demanded that reserv-
lists of the Italian army be permitted
to leave Turkey without restr' On.
Announcement of the new declara-
tion of war was received with wild en-
thusiasm by the crowd that had gath
cred outside the Foreign Of'icc. The
populace, being well aware that an inn
portant decision would in al, likelihood
he reached, awaited the news amid
scenes of great excitement
Bulgaria Masses Troops.
II is believe, here that Italy's decia-
ration Of war will go far toward
Fastening the final alignment Of the
Balkan States. \ Silonica despatch
says Bulgaria has concentrated 10000
troops along the Turkish frontier, while
message from Athens declares
that neutrality negotiations between
Turkey and Bulgaria have been broken
off
From all points IN the Balkans come
dispatches strongly mtimatirG that the
diplomacy # the Entente Powers has
won ana lllllttllllS lllhl II - b'llN u
matter OF days before the armies of the
Balkan States will be moving against
Turkey,
NJ Petcoff, the Bulgarian Minister OF
Public Works has. however, made a
statement to the effect that the change
in the Greek cabinet will in no way
affect Bulgaria's policy and that Bull
garia will continue to pursue the same
course and continue ner cudeavor to
maintain her neutrality to tho utmost.
The Minister added that up To date no
concrete proposal has been made by tht
Quadruple Entente to bulgaria aud thai
diplom Atists of the entente have merely
announced To the Premier that such pro-
posals would b. made after they had
received the Serbian reply.
The Cabinet council which began yes
terday morning, when the time limit for
the Turkish reply expired, Was pro-
longed until last evening, when II was
announced that the Italo-Turkish stua-
ton had been examined, but no tinal
decision had been reached
Meanwhile the Foreign Office was
without news from the Italian Ambas-
>ador at ConstautiuoplC and ii was sup
posed that his kilograms were held up
bv the Turkish officials on the techniCal-
ity Of a recent decree forhidding the
use of enemy" languages, among
which, significantly enough, Italian was
included.
Young Turks wanted War.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-22
TORNADO HITS HANOVER, PA.
All Comm nication with Town Ii
suddenly Cut on.

PHILADELPHIA, Aug. 22.-Word was
received here this morning that Hanover.
Pa, had been swept by tornado and
much damage done. Immediately after
the receipt OF telegraph message to
that effect all communication with the
town was suddenly cut Off, and up to
A. NJ. II had not been restored.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-22
ACT" SAYS ROOSEVELT;
TUMULTY SEES PERIL
Time for Words Long Passed. Colonel Declares-Presi-
dents Secretary Tells Jersey Democrats Nation
Faces Great International Crisis"

the news Of the Arabic's sinking calmly.
as did officials.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-22
Must Act Promptly.

In fact some officials, though not In
any Nay purporting to speak for the
President, went so far to-day as to say
that the United States will have to "act"
promptly and firmly as soon as all the
facts have been officially obtained.
There is now no doubt that the only
action that Administration officials have
in mind is the severance OF diplomatic
relations with .Germany. If the Presi-
dent feels obliged to take this step Con-
gress will be called in session TO vote
a large sum of money for use in
strengthening the national defences
Strong intimatons already have be-
gun TO come from German sources as
20 the defence which the Berlin authori-
Ties will make for the sinking OF the
Arabic II is believed here they will
seize upon Ambassador Gerards inquiry
10 contend that the White Star liner
was attempting TO ram the German sub
marine after the latter had torpedoed
the steamship Dunsley and that the
submarine therefore acted In self-de-
fence. Suggestions already have ema-
na'ed from Berlin that this explanation
might be advanced.
Details now known OF the sinking OF
the Arabic apparently would lend them
selves 10 such defence. Statements
,nat have been cabled from Queens
town represent Caps. Finch OF the Ar
sbic as having said that he had seen
the steamship Dunsley in difficulty and
wts making toward her when he sighted
the torpedo that had been fired at his
own vessel. Other members Of the crew
have been quoted to the effect that tho
White Star liner was going 10 the rescue
II The Dunsley Wien she was attacked.
The argument advanced in German
quarters is that the Arabic was attempt
a
commander Of the German submarine be-
!icyed that to be the intention of the
Arabic and discharged his torpedo In
self defence.
Explanation Doubted.
officials in Washington were inclined
70 lie very skeptcal of this eXpla nation
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-22

Hanover is in York county, Pa, and in
the census of 1910 had population of
1851.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-22
Explanation Doubted.

OnicIas in Washington were inclined
TO lie very skeptical Of this explanation.
They pointed to the fact that the tor
pcdo hit the Arabic aft on the starboar rd
eide, They were of the opinion that the
explosive would not have reached its
mark In that quarter If it had been dis
charged with the Arabic making for the
submarine head on for the purpose of
ramming it,
II WAS acknowledged. however, that
II might have been possible for the sub
marine to have made such "A hit under
i1use circumstances IL the Arabic had
altered her course after the torpedo had
been discharged. Interviews with some
Of the survivors Indicate that the White
Star vessel was mannuvred after the
deadly weapons train had been sighted
None of the newspaper despatch's \
iudl have come from England In regard
80 The sinking Of the Arabic, recounting
'no experiences OF survivors and giving
the statements of officers of the liner,
contains even "A suggestion that there
Nd, any intention TO ram the subma rnc
that the conduct OF the vessel WAS
sIrh AZ would warrant "A suspicion that
t1ot was its purpose.
The State Department itself has re-
'"Ncd nothing from its consular Of
h"rrS or from Ambassador Page that
would tend to support such defence,
In fact there has been no information In
r1y ~ the official communications that
would tend 10 relieve Germany Of the
fIil burden OF responsibility and make
81 the attack anything but "A reckless
and cold blooded deed In violation of all
~" principles OF International law and
humanity.
However, the State Department has
f'nufl,iu,H m, IiIIH I,au.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-22

Continued on IhDd Page,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-22
County Officers Costly to City.

constitutional Convention asked to lift
burden from municipal taxpayers.
See Section 2, Page I, of
to-day's SUN.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-22

Rain to-day; tomorrow fair; south to
southeast winds.
Highest temperature yesterday, 70; lowest, 81.
Detailed weather, mail and reports on page l5
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1915-03-31
ToMMY,s AMBITION in LIFE.
Not 4 Very High One, but Extremely
= Complimentary to His School
49, 20 Teacher. '5%#. ~

Many Of the teachers attending .
recent teachers convention at Port
land, Me-, had good stories to tell.
One young and rather pretty teacher
from Lincoln county told the follow
Ing: y I'm -.s5 sst "a t I. HI:
st has been my, custom to encour-
age discussion on subjects outside the
lesson papers, and along this line
one day spoke of ambition. After
had set before the class the deslr-
ability of having high aims asked
my pupils what each planned to be-
One wanted to. be a doctor, another
president, another an aviator, another
an electric car motorman. another an
engineer on q railroad, and so on
around the class. until y reached
Tommy. j ". y'}, a5 sss3 !
Tommy is q bright, handsome
youngster of seven years, and was
expecting him to want to. be someone
Of great Importance, in the world. |
was puzzled to find him plainly much
embarrassed He didn't want to tell
me his ambition. but finally asked II
he might whisper it to me- Much in
terested, gave him permission, and
he trudged up to my desk. Even
there he hesitated. gS 5;5.. p. .$
FL" Come, come, Tommy!'l said,
somewhat impatiently. Tell me what
1t is you want to be in life Ss5
HE raised himself on tiptoes and
slipped one arm about my neck as he
whispered, 'Your-your husband!'"'---
The Sunday Magazine. ~ E
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1915-03-31
NEWS FROM FAR
Il AND NEAR 4
nnaanAAnn000AnnA0l

Auburn, N. r., March 23.-With a
prayer on his lips Giuseppe Cino,
twenty-three years old, was electro
cuted for the murder Of Mrs. Lugina
Rizzo in Buffalo year ago.
r.. New York, March 23.-The Chilean
government has suspended the duty
on wheat because of the high cost Of
bread. s..@, ~. 49,.
4. Easton, Pa, March 24.-Rear Ad-
miral Michael c. Drennau, U. S. N.
(retired), died suddenly Of heart dis
ease. He entered the navy in 1868.
New Orleans, La, March 24.-1nsist-
ing, that the fifty thousand men in
Louisiana who are sons Of native-born
Frenchmen should return to France
and enlist, Gabriel Ferrand, French
consul general here, has branded as
towards and traitors those who re-
fuse. He further insists that those
French societies who do not expel the
alleged coward must sever all rela-
lions with the consulate. The French
colony here is aroused and will take
up the matter with the French ambas-
sador at Washington. T.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1915-03-31
RUSS TAKE PRZEMYSL
BIG BATTLE FOLLOWS FALL OF
AUSTRIAN STRONGHOLD.
sIavs Enter City Without Firing Shot
Hunger and Disease Forced
the Surrender.

London, March 24.-The white Gag
was hoisted on the fortress of Pre-
mysl on Monday and the Russian
army entered the city without firing
shot after siege of six months to the
day that has few parallels in history.
Fifty thousand Austrian soldiers, 200
officers and nine generals threw down
their arms and surrendered, worn to
the last extremity by disease and
hunger. The fall of the fortress Is re-
garded in Petrograd and London as
the greatest victory for Russian arms
since the beginning of the war. y.
, Following up quickly the advantage
gained by the capture Of the Austrian
stronghold, the Russian army has be-
gun gigantic battle along the en-
tire Carpathian front. Reinforce
ments have been rushed into the
mountains in the expectation Of the
fall of Przemysl and everywhere the
Austrians are being attacked with
marked stubbornness. 81.
The most violent conflicts are TAX
ing place in the vicinity of the Dukla,
Uszok and Lupkow passes, which are
the three principal passes nearest
Przemysl, from which they are dis
tant only about fifty miles. n
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1915-03-31
WIRELESS SAVES ALL ON SHIP
Many Vessels Hear Help Calls Sent
Out by Denver, 1900 Miles From
New York-Three Reach Scene.

On Board American Line Steamer
St. Louis, by wireless, via Cape Race,
March 25.-The passengers and crew
of the west-bound Mallory line
steamship Denver, which was leaking
badly and in imminent danger OF sink
ing, 1900 miles from New York. were
rescued at four O'clock Tuesday after
noon by the Atlantic Transport liner
Manhattan. Once more the wireless
proved the salvation of many lives at
sea. "a .-,g $50, ..=
The Denver, which was proceeding
from Bremen for New York, sent out a
wireless call for help, reporting herself
leaking and in distress. ~ ill.
Many steamers received the call and
fastened to the point where the Den
yer was supposed to be. The two YES
sells came up to the Denver about four
o'clock, the Atlantic Transport liner
arriving a few minutes before. Az
soon AS the Manhattan came near
three boats were lowered from the
doomed vessel and carried the officers
and crew and the few passengers to
the rescue ship, which will take them
to New York. 30,
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1915-03-31
ZEPS lombard PARIS:
TWO GERMAN AlRSHiPS DROP
BOMBS ON FRENCH CAPITAL.
compIeqne, Ribecourt and Dresllncoure
-: Shell; AeropIanes Drive on
craft-EiQht Are Hurt.

Paris. March 23-The first Zeppe-
lin raid on Paris was carried out early
Sunday. Four bombs were dropped IN
the city and 10 in the suburbs. Seven
or eight persons were. injured, one Sc
riously, but none fatally. The mate
rial damage was slight. -,
The raiders were driven on by
French aeroplane patrols and the fire
of antiairship guns. One of the raid
ers appeared to have been hit. !
In their retreat the raiders dropped
bombs on Compeigne, Bibecourt and
Dreslincourt. Some were explosive
and some of incendiary character. No
damage was suffered at these places.
Probably the most remarkable feature
Of the raid was the department Of the
population. n%'s ~
Warned of the coming of the Yep
pelins, men and women clad in night
attire flocked in gay and jocular pro-
cessions from their sleeping apart
ments to the streets, or in the case
OF the more discreet, to the cellars OF
their homes. The discipline OF the
city's residents was marvellous. There
was. complete absence of panic. ~.
s. When the Zeppelins approached
whistles were blown and the sleeping
residents. aroused, all lights were ex-
tinguished and when the raiders ar
rived over the city the capital was
completely obscured. .,.. RI
It was a beautiful starlit night.
There was a light westerly breeze
blowing The approach Of the raiders
was, signaled from at least twenty
places. e. =. ~ @--s-.,'. - e., II
Half dozen aeroplanes we're wheel
ing upward to beat them of and high.
angle guns were blazing from several
different points. se~. .t..4.S.
i It was the rapid appearance Of an
aeroplane squadron, each machine
flashing II small, but powerful
i searchlight-that prevented the raid
ers from attacking the center of the
city, with it's historic monuments.
i Everywhere the department of the
4 people was remarkable. The "qu
! viye". lasted for three hours, the bu
I giles rallying the people to bed AGAR
shortly after four o'clock. The dan
ger was over.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1915-03-31
NEGRO ARRESTED AS AMMAN
Police Of Monmouth, Ill.,, Believe Score
Of Crimes Will Be Solved With T:
H. Arrest Of Black. 49, IS

Monmouth, Ill.,, March 23.-The po-
lice of this city hope that the mys-
terry surrounding more than a score OF
"axman" murders, in which entire
families have been slain in the last
four years, will be solved by the arrest
of negro giving his name as Loving
Mitchell, who was captured on Sunday
in squalid shanty at 1925 Chestnut
street, St. Louis, Mo. The negro. q
giant in size, was arrested on the spe-
cific charge of having slain William E.
Dawson, his wife and three-year-old
daughter, Georgia, as they slept In
their home in Monmouth. September
30, 1911. The similarity of the other
crimes has led authorities to believe
all were committed by the same man.
The long list of victims of the FAX
mans" mania include 20 persons, and
his slayings cover Illinois, Missouri,
Kansas, Iowa and Colorado. 81,
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1915-03-31
"sToNEvvALL's" WIDOW DIES
End Comes to General Jaekson's Help;
meet at Charlotte, N. {. I'll =.
q g9: "A Number Of Years. F&e J. y { a.

Charlotte, N. G., March 26.--Mrs.
Mary Anna Jackson, widow Of Gen.
Thomas ]. Jackson, the famous Con-
federate leader, better known as
"'Stonewa1l" Jackson. died at her
home here on Wednesday. Mrs. Jack
son had been in falling health for q
number Of years. Mrs. Jackson was
born ia Mecklenb berg, N. c., the daugh-
ter OF Rev. Robert Hall Morrison,
a Presbyterian minister. She mar
ried Thomas Jonathan Jackson in
1857. Three years later she was made q
widow, when he was killed at the
battle Of charlottesville. s,..s y
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1915-03-31
M i, CONDITION SERIOUS
II 10 yRumored That the Secretary Of
" the Treasury Has Suffered ..
s.5 a Relapse.

Washington, March 25.-The con-
dition. of Secretary of the Treas
ury McAdoo is very serious" 1t
was stated at his Office on Tuesday.
This gave rise to the report that
the secretary suffered a relapse fol-
lowing his removal to his home from
Providence hospital, where he was
operated on for appenh icitis. 1t was
stated that the wound necessitated by
the operation was performed under
unfavorable conditions, as Mr.. McAdoo
had held out against it too long and
his vitality was low following the win
ter's hard work.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1915-03-31
MAY RAM SUBMARINE
BRITISH SEIZE AMERICAN STEAM.
Err NORTH OF SCOTLAND TO
DESTROY FOES CRAFT.
TO HALT GERMAN RAIDERS
American War Vessel Ordered to San
Juan by Neutrality-suspicious. At
tempted to Fiee-Ships to Guard Y.
S. Neutrality.

tempted to fIee-SnIpS 10 0udTo "
S. Neutrality.
Berlin, March 25.-The following
announcement was made on Tuesday
by the Overseas News agency:
Captain Hansen and First Ohcer
Jansen, both American citizens, OF
the American steamer OLSON, while
northward of Scotland, on a voyage
from Savannah to Bremen with a
cargo of cotton, were deprived Of COM
mand by officers and men of the Brit
ish auxiliary cruiser Celtic, who board
ed the ship. ..t..-..
1.-THE British declare their inten-
ton of sinking German submarine, II
opportunity presented, by ranQming 1t
with the American steamer"
Washington, March 25.-Secretary
Daniels cabled Admiral Fletcher on
Tuesday at Guantanamo to send de-
stroyer to San Juan.
Admiral Fletcher's instructions were
to place the destroyer at the service
of the collector of the port at San
Juan. who asked for a warship to pre-
vent violations of neutrality by, the
German liners Odenwald and sPresi-
dent, now in the harbor there. H., II
At the same time Secretary Daniels
announced that he had detailed the de,
stroyer Parker for guard duty at New
York, replacing the Mohawk. taken on
for repairs. '.-
The presence of the Hamburg Amer
lean liner President at San Juan was
first made known to Washington by
the request from the commandant. at
San Juan. The Oldenwald's attempt
to slip out of the harbor was frus'
trated only by firing on the ship by
shore batteries, .