davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1915-09-09

Pure Bred Italian Bees for
sale. L, Mosbak. 51-2t.
Hay cutting in Sec. 13-43-l9
for sale. Ludwig Mosbak. SILT
For Sale 2ls year old heifer,
coming fresh about Oct. 10th.
SILT. Louis Olsen.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1915-12-09
N| Preparedness in
Farming Is Urged
IBy c. F. DAVIS Colorado Agricultural College,
Font Collins Colo.

that line depends upon knowledge and proper application
of these it longer possible to meet the brutal competition OF
successfully without careful and systematic preparation
Agriculture looked upon the occupation to which man
had failed everything e has become business
which, succeed must have thorough preparation
young would presume his native ability to carry him
through incidence would believe that
of the trades requiring the exercise of real skill he could bluff his
way the work the teamster the digger bitches and
railroad spikes there best and most economical way to
which be learned from who knows or by the long
wae process of repeated failures Yet knowing all this knowing
that life there need OF PREPARATION
many young there who take this business life entirely
without preparation
opportunities such before offered for acquiring
thorough working knowledge Of the principles underlying art craft
wish pursue the ng away his
finally take occupation for which he has made
no preparation
oevant scarcely day of his life without meeting
with recte of how everything he under
faure how k always against him. and how he can
understand why others succeed while h working much harder always
fails
In the great majority of there no mystery; the whole
explanation that he who always fails always undertaking
work and for the understanding of which
he neglected to prepare himself.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1915-12-09
Iobs Stand Between
People and Money
By Harold H. Coryell. Boston. Mass.

he Lots of people think job Of getting and
they that they want they ought like their job Some
people advance from this position and persuade themselves they really
like their jobs This not because they persuasive oners but
they weaknnded they easily persuaded They
tell the difference between hndrance and help But 1t
ought that anything which has to be removed to get at some
thing aid Cubra hill hardly be said
been much help Colonel Goetals his desire to connect
the Atlantic with the Pacific but his job to remove it.
that job help On the contrary IT Jones work
ing day and Smith selling what Jones makes for S.
Smith job be great help some
it, but obstacle the person who doing 1t
to get something else.
Many people think job is unpleasant because it hard but these
people, when Saturday afternoon will around IN the not
slammng back another fellow and think it great fun They
probably give for playing tennis that they liked
your slightly adpose friend why he closes the office hour early
goes knock little white ball around retired farm II his
pc tell it to reduce weight but knows
as we'll you his back night and morning and raised
until they right to the floor and ate mod
eratey he would his end-f really reduce weight
much rapidly.
II not the which makes job dsked and determines
work and play It the reason for doing gwen
thing makes pleasant unpleasant catch fish for money
great it. however much fun get up at a. m
hasy bite and off to the fishing grounds until sunset
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1915-12-09

Bodegas join to form the Gudyca But
almost Immediately rs it flows south
the Guayas begins to divide and re-
closed-in end of the gulf. What we
have called the second delta is per-
haps more properly speaking a small
archipelago named the Estero Salado,,
the Salt Estuary. It is about twice as
extensive as the Guayas delta but
drains smaller territory, not count
ing the rivers above Guayaquil. These
are the main waterways. but in adli'
ton scores of lesser rivers and creeks
flow directly into the Gulf Of Guaya-'
quill Many of these lesser rivers come
down from the high mountains lying
Immediately to the east, for it must be-
remembered that the Gulf of Guaya-
quill at the point where the tip begins
to turn up reaches inland almost to
the high Andes.
What we have called the greater
harbor Of Guayaquil, lying behind
Puma Island, is entered by the JAM
bell channel to the southeast, which
at it's narrowest point is about six
miles wide, or the MORO channel on
the northwest, little over a milo
wide. The former is the customary
entrance, as the Moro channel is diff,
ficult and dangerous for large vessels,
on account of the numerous small
islets and banks.
Vessels drawing 20 feet Of water
can ascend the Guayas river UP to
the city Of GuayaQuil; larger vessels
anchor at Puma on the Island of Puma
in the greater harbor.
Held Back by Poor Sanitation.
With all it's advantages SO clearly
marking it out as a great world mart
one naturally asks, Why has not Quay
aquil advanced farther than it has on
the manifest road Of destiny? The rea-
sons are many, and each has played
it's part in keeping Guayaquil in tho
background. There is, however, one
reason, which without doubt more
than any other has had this effect, and
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1915-12-09

- UAYAoUIL., like New York, is
one of the cities which had
u to be. Chicago might have
been somewhere else and
likewise Paris, London, Vienna, or
Berlin, but not Guayaquil. No intel
ligent scheme of world building, no
readjustment of countries or of boun-
daries, no racial conquest could mini
mize the Importance of the spots
wherein Guayaquil and New York
stand. These spots are international
commercial nodes, such because the
conformation of the oceans and the
continents being what it is, at these
points the lines Of travel meet and
cross. But more than this it is here
that the lands and the seas join on
terms of the greatest mutual advan-
tage in all that goes to pay tribute
to mans commercial activities, says
the Bulletin of the Pan-American
! Union.
To envisage Guayaquil as COM
mercial mart Of world Importance one
| must think in terms of continents and
l i
broad Atlantic are nearly all richly
lowered by nature with commodious
and safe harbors, while those border
ing the broader Pacific are generally
but poorly lowered. The northern
hemisphere in both oceans is much
better lowered than the southern
hemisphere in either ocean. But first
we must learn to use the terms
north" and South in their CONNER
cial and not in their strict geographi-
cal sense. Commercially speaking,
north" includes North America, Eu-
rope, and Asia, and South Africa,
Australia, and South America, with
the dividing line at Panama, Gibral-
tar, Suez and Singapore.
Guayaquil has all the Natural adj
vantages. 1t is at the meeting of the
sea routes. Only San Francisco and
Panama along the whole Pacific coast
Of North and South America can rival
It in this respect. But the three &C.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1915-12-09
MILITARY HOSPITAL ON SANTA ANA Hill

that is the reputation for insanitary
conditions which Guayaquil has borne
for over a century.
Port sanitation is q ports chastity.
Without it, it's sister ports Of all the
world treat it as place to be Stunned
and refused association. No boycott
is more complete or more merciless
than the boycott of quarantine, and
quarantine against Guayaquil is
scarcely ever lifted. Ecuadorians have
complained and do yet complain
against what they term the injustice
Of tho permanent quarantine. They
point out that where for periods of six
months or more there has been no
case Of yellow fever or plague at
Guayaquil, yet there has been no re-
Taxing of the quarantine regulations.
Into the merits of this matter 1t is
not our purpose to inquire, and such
an inquiry will, it is expected, soon
have no value for anyone.
Plans and projects for compre-
hensive scheme of sanitation for Quay
aquil have been made and elaborated
IOr over 5U years, DuL the TSHily SClcH-
tific work of investigation does not
date back farther than about IS years
ago, although the river was dredged
and the city supplied with water
system in 1870. These Investigations
eliminated over a year ago in a con-
tract with J. G.. White e Co. for the
comprehensive sanitation of Guaya-
gull, including drainage and water
supply.
St. James of Guayaquil-Santiago
de Guayaquil-to give the city it's full
title, was founded on ST. James day,
july Is, 1881, by Sebastian de Benal-
caZar. It was declared a city four
years later, but was abandoned and
restored in 1887 by Francisco de Orel-
lana. In its earliest history it suffered
much from attacks Of buccaneers and
pirates, and has been on several occa.
sions more or less destroyed by fire.
for Guayaquil. unlike other Spanish
American cities, is built mainly oi
wood.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1915-12-09

cupy separate spheres and so are not
rivals in any sense. Guayaquil is on
the only navigable river from middle
California to Cape Horn, and this riv-
er, or rather tluvial system, furnishes
highways to all parts Of large ana
compact area of the most fertile and
productive agricultural lands in west
ern South America, an area OF ap-
proximately $4,000 square miles. Down
and into this zone lead the best trails
from the high lands of Ecuador, Peru,
and Colombia.
Gulf of Guayaquil.
The Gulf Of Guayaquil is the largest
opening along the whole west coast OF
South America. 1t is shaped nearly
like an equilateral triangle with one
tip bent. The straight side, running
nearly north and south, extends about
40 miles from Cape BlancO in Peru
to La Puntilla in Ecuador. From these
two capes the land and water lines OF
the two remaining sides converge
northeast and outheast, respectively,
to a point about twO-thirds the alti-
tude of the triangle. Here the south
ern line running northeast bends
sharply to nearly due north and the
northern line running southeast bends
northeast. This change Of direction
produces the turnedover tips pointing
north. At the base Of the smaller tri-
angle forming the tip lies the island
of Puma. Behind Puma is the inner
bay or greater harbor of Guayaquil.
The extreme tip of the small triangle
loses itself in the Guayas river The
Guayas river itself, however, is delta
and one Of the two such that flow
into the turned-up tip of the Gulf OF
GuayaquH.
The. city Of Guayaquil and the les
ser port is situated about SO miles up
the Guayas river at point where
this river divides into two main
branches, both coming down from
the north, the Daule and the Bodegas.
Above Guayaquil these two rivers
each divide and subdivide into innu-
merable branches running out fanlike.
SO that the Guayas river system Is
shsued somewhat like an hourglass
but with the one end many times
larger than the other. Guayaquil is at
the neck of the hourglass, where the
main stems O. the Daule and the
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1915-12-09

mountain. What a vast amount Of
washing and erosion Of the rock and
what endless centuries Of time mus
have elapsed to have cut away the
thousands CT square miles which now
spread below this elevated remnant o.
the sea bed! From Sheep mountain
the views in all directions comprise tht
most notable Bad Lands scenery in the
world. Below lies the shattered ant
fantastic fragment Of the once grea'
plateau, curved and cut and twisted
into thousands of queer and eerie
shapes. There are groups of greal
gray birdlike forms; there are things
with long necks and heads that resem
Bile ostriches; there are shapes thai
might be taken for herds Of some mon
strous, unknown animals, and gardens
of giant mushrooms; even prOtlles and
full views of the human face that
might surely, from their appearance,
have been sculptured by clever work
men of some forgotten race, so Perfect
are the expressions Of these heroic
statues-all carved, however, by the
rain and the wind blowing the sand
particles against the soft rock.
Once Termed With Life.
Absolutely deserted as are the Bad
Lands today, except for the occasional
traveller, this great plateau, in the very
long ago, when the world was very
young, was teeming with animal life.
No such animals are alive today; only
their smaller descendants. The huge
Titanotherium, which fed upon the
luxuriant growth Of almost tropical
vegetation with which the Bad Lards
were at one time clothed, would have
made the largest rhinoceros of the
present age look like sucking pig.
This antediluvian monster was IA feet
long and stood nine feet high. Other
monsters were the Oredon and the
Elatherium, while great cat or pan
ther-tiger preyed upon the herb eaters
of the time. The bones of hundreds
of these animals have been found EN-.
bedded in the rock strata of the Bad
Lands. The region has ever been re-
nowned as a veritaDle storehouse Of
the fossil skeletons Of these pre-
historic animals which lived hundredf
of centuries before the epoch OF thu
first man,
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1915-12-09
eNIF aith In Book Farm
ing Is Spreading
BY Dr.. A. B. Moore, Minneapolis. MINI.

country is to practice advanced scientific methods
of the first states point out the advantages OF
seed selection Secretary of Agriculture W NJ
Hays member Of the faculty of the Minnesota Agricultural
the leaders the breeding of new and improved ar
Wisconsin, however, has rather taken the hono from
Minnesota today Wisconsin pured seed known the world over
wheat winter barley oats and four standard varieties OF corn
pcdgrees uncoued the pures strains OF cattle or horses
are produced in Wisconsin
possible by breeding get variety of that will nearly
yield One variety that used to give only per cent seed ears
rs to SO cent To out the work OF seed selection an
association has been formed in Wisconsin
grain states The first this direction were taken IN
$685. years careful elimination and selection to obtain the
eight from the time the first seed plot was so"e
distribution From that time on the increase
rapid.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1915-12-09

ancient sea, long since turned TO
stone, became lofty plateau. Then
the rivers began their slow work OF
cutting, carving and dissecting this
tableland. The result today is that
wonderful region of several hundred
square miles east of the Black Hills,
known as '"The Big Ba3 Lands where
nature has chise.ed the soft rocks
into thousands of strange of curious
shapes The cloudbursts of spring and
summer which visit the Bad Lands Gre
ate innumerable rivers, from small
rills to raging torrents, whose rushlng
waters cut deep into the old ocean
bed-layers of hardened sand and clay
carrying it into most startling Shapes
n. forms. There is a bewildering
ariety, Kaleidoscope change from
hevery different viewpoint. The Bad
Sands are not, as might be supposed
afrom the name, somber and desolate
Yin appearance. Bad they are for the
unwary travellers comfort, even in
deed his safety, since the watering
slaces are few and far between.
CEdOS " nOS9SO S'cFSS'
Different from the titanic carvings
Ut nature, such as the great canyon OF
the Colorado, which has been cut
largely by a single river running cease
lessly through the endless centuries,
the Bad Lands present fine network
of comparatively minute sculpturing,
. In hundreds rather than thousands of
feet. the result of intermittent erosion.
Neither does the wanderers eye rest
on any forests, glittering lakes, or
green meadows. Instead, there is
veritable chaos of rugged and gro
tesque shapes fashioned by the rains
and the winds out of the crumbly
rocks, softly tinted with many hues.
The bright western sun reflects the
light from thousands of glittering
pyramids, towers, galleries, and ca
thedral spires, all bare of vegetation,
but casting back in subdued shades
Ievery color of the rainbow.
No land of fable cold picture a
greater variety of fairy castles, with
watch towers, battlements and tur-
rets, impregnable strongholds built on
lofty cliffs, commanding the country
around, until the domain of the next
lofty castle or Nesting chateau is
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1915-12-09
CASTLES

reached. The fact that many of these
fantastic structures appear to be fall.
ing into ruin in no way detracts from
the romantic charm of the scene; such
indeed seems in harmony with the ST
lent, deserted aspect Of the region
Fortress after fortress and en-
battlement after embattlement meet
the eye from different positions
as the traveller WanGers here and
there through the Bad Lands, some
sadly in need of repair-long aban.
doned in the Observation-Disclosures
standing out bold and sharp against
the clear blue Dakota sky. Hardly can
here be anything more impressive
than the vast silence and great desc.
lation of the Bad Lands.
Over most of the region few living
things can be seen. Here and there,
in some favored hollow, a stunted tree
clings desperately to existence, and
animal life is equally scarce. A few
springs support little vegetation, WV
idly green in contrast with the sur
rounding grays, blues, pinks and olive
shades of the rocks, while in two OF
three places animals are found. A
high ridge Of some extent located
near the center of the region, and
representing probably the original
level of the old plateau, has sufficient
soil and fertility to support a scanty
growth of grass and OF this live con
siderable numbers of the great Rocky
Mountain Bighorn, the noblest OF
American wild sheep. This ridge is
some 500 feet above the rest of the
Bad Lands, and is known as Sheep
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1915-12-09
TURRETED
~ HE Black Hills Of South d.
kota and Wyoming, which are
in fact mountains rising from

p-~ HE Black Hills of South d.
kota and Wyoming, which are
in fact mountains rising from
= the great plains to an eleva-
ton Of 1000 or more feet above sea
level, were millions of years ago, a
small, low island, surrounded by a
vast shallow sea. This sea extended
as far west as the Rocky mountains,
which were mere highlands rising
above it, writes Guy E. Mitchell in the
Utica Saturday Globe.
The average traveller today, much
less the bandits and Indians who have
in recent years infested this elevated
region, would probably, according to
their various nationalities, smile
.grimly or laugh to scorn the statement
that this portion of the country, now
so arid and barren, was once the
ocean, and later a vast tropical
swamp, amOns whose rank and luxu-
RANT vegetation lurked strange and
huge reptiles, and on the shores OF
which roamed giant herbivorous ami
mails, which were in turn preyed upon
by the terrible fesh-eating monsters of
the early world. Such, however, is the
fact as attested by the vast quantities
of fossilized bones which have been
found imbedded in the rocks and many
of which are now mounted in lifelike
attitudes in various museums of the
country.
y Following this age of sea and swamp
the whole region was uplifted thou
sands of feet by the dynamic forces
from within the earth; the hills be-
came mountains and the bed of the
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1915-12-09

Many people. do not like
their jobs because many
jobs are obstacles. Jobs
stand between people and
money, and no one likes
something which stands be-
tween him and something
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1915-12-09

/ believe that one Of the
duties of the State Medical
society is to enlighten tn.
public on health problems,
and 1 would suggest, as one
of the best means Of dolni
this, to reach the public
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1915-12-09

Now that in every field
Of human endeavor there is
coming to be a greater spe-
cialization, now that every
form Of activity proceeds
according to established
laws and principles; now
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1915-12-09

Increased yield per acre
of wheat, corn, oats and
other grains has convinced
even those farmers who rid.
iculed 'Fbook farming" that
the only way to make a sue
cess of agriculture in this
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1915-12-09
Enlighten Public on
Health Problems
By Dr.. Charles W. Lille. Springfield, III.

through schools and churches throughout the state
system public lectures by physicians should be part of the
every school, members such
method to every city and the directors
the small villages and hamets.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1915-12-09
A Problem.

whats the matter, Bessie?"
I'm trying to decide whether Ia
rather have man offer me his burn
ing love or treat LEO to ice cream"
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1915-06-05

In the Third Judicial District Court of the
State Of Nevada, in and for the County
OF Eureka
In the matter of the Estate of John Edera,
deceased.
Notice is hereby given that Pete Edera hav-
ing fled in this court a document purporting
to be the last will and testament Of John
Edera, deceased, and his petition praying
that the same be admitted to probate, the
hearing thereof has been fixed by the court
for Monday, the 10Th day of March, 1915. at
the hour Of l o'clock p. m. of said day, or as
soon thereafter as the same can be heard, at
the courthouse in the town of Eureka, Coun-
ty of Eureka, State of Nevada, and all per
sons interested in said estate are notified then
and there to appear and show cause If any
they have. why said will should not be ad-
mitted to probate and said petitioner be ap-
pointed administrator Of said estate, with the
will annexed; and in case the will be not ad.
mitted to probate. why said petitioner should
not be appointed administrator Of said estate.
Dated March IL, 1915.
r. McCHARLES, Clerk.
N. P. Morgan, Attorney for Petitioner.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1915-06-05
NOTICE OF FORFEITURE

To William Holder, your heirs or assigns,
owning or claiming any portion Of the Gordon
No. l and Gordon No. 2 mining claims: You
are hereby notified that the undersigned has
expended two hundred dollars $4,000 in labor
and improvements on the Gordon No. l and
Gordon No. 2 mining claims, situated on the
west side of Prospect Mountain, in Eureka
Mining District, Eureka County, Nevada, in
doing the necessary assessment work for the
years 1918 and 1914, in conformity with the
provisions of Section 1924 of the Revised
Statutes of tine United States, being the
amount required to hold the same. Your pro-
portion Of the assessment is 500, and if with.
in 80 days from the service of this notice by
publication you fail or refuse to contribute
our proportion of such expenditure as CO.
owner, your interest in said mines will become
the property of the subscriber under Section
1924. DAVID MoRRIs.
Eureka, Nevada. January %, 1915.
First publication January %, 1915.
Last publication April "a, 1915.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1915-06-05
slREs AND SONS.

z. r. Tinker, ninety-three years of
age, of Pittsburgh helped to nominate
Lircoln in 1850.
Sir Percy Scott. reputed to be Eng
lands great gunnery expert and cham
pion of the use of submarines against
Dreadnoughts, has rejoined the admi-
rally.
II has frequently been stated that
General Foch. second in command to
General Joffre and Joffre's chief lieu
tenant and confidant, is Alsatian. This
Is an error, as he from the
Basque country. on the borders OF
Spain
General Won Hindenburg. probably
the most noted German commander
the war has produced. retired from the
army In 1907. a veteran in years and
experience, He Is a tactician OF rare
ability, grim and laconic. and Is known
ns sthe cold old man."
Kuichi Tanaka, member of the Japa-
nese Imperial Geographical society.
has for eight years devoted himself to
n world tour, collecting material for
presentation to his people in book form
relative to the many countries Of the
globe. He has visited ffty-three coun-
tries so far In his journeys and ex-
poets to complete his task in two years.