davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-12
ENORMOUS ESTIMATES
OF NUMBER OF SHELLS
Some Papers Say That as Many as
10,O0o,OO0 Shots Were Fired
in Allied Drive.
GuESsES FAR OFT OF WAY
Figures Prove That French on
Twenty-MiIe Front Could Not
Have Used More Than 3,IOO,OOO
ShellS-Gun Capacity Limited.

Especial Gable to The Times Dispatch
BERLIN. December ll.-"Enormous
estimates of the number of shells fired
by the allies ON the western front in
their last great drive are given by Eng
!ish. French. German and neutral
newspapers, says Licutcnant-G General
Rohne. one OF the foremost German
artillery experts. in the Vossische
ZcitunG
Til" Berlner Tagcblatt claimed that
during tn" three days Of the lombard
mcht III the Champagne 100000 shots
We're fired every hour This would
mean I0.0o0.oo0 shells in seventy-two
hours. The estimates Of the Paris and
London papers vary between 10000. 900
and Sc,oo0.o00 shots. but these guesses
are far out OF the way.
The proof that the estimates mem
toned arc all wrong can easil, be fur
nished. General Joffre stated i'm his
order OF September Il that 1000 heavy
and 1000 field guns would blast the
way through the German lines The
French commander probably cXagger-
ated so as TO encourage his troops.
but even II he really had concentrated
5000 guns, they could not have thrown
nearly the number OF shells that is
said 10 have been fired.
After 500 shots, "a gun becomes SO
hot that it needs "a long time TO cool
off. Even in the most favorable cir
cunStanccs. a gun cannot be discharged
Loco times in twcnty-four hours The
best average for field guns Is 700 shots
a day: for the smaller heavy cannon
500, and for the largest pieces. 300
Taking these figures as Il basis. | can
positively state that the French cannot
have used more than 100000 shells
OH the twenty front on which
they tried Z" break through
Even with the aid OF the American
ammunition factories. the allies could
hardly have had the 100000 shells
which they are supposed to have used
w. The French factories and arscnals
according TO statement OF the Min
lister OF Munitions. are able to produce
100000 shells of all sizes 81 day II
would therefore. take them more than
five months TO manufacture 10000 O0N
and in order to accumulate this cuor-
nous number of shells, the artillery
would have TO stay inactive almost
half a year, while. as a matter of fact.
their guns all the time that they not
only used up the product OF their own
factories. but also very large part Of
the shells furnished TO them by ncu-
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-12
AGAINST BANK CHECK STAMP
senator IliInnn Announces He VIII
Oppose President Wilson's
Suggestion.

WASHINGTON December li-"Every
time man wrote a bank check he
would have TO lick Il stamp and curse
the Democratic party" declared Sena-
tor Tillman, Democrat. to-day, an
nouncinS he proposed to fight Presi-
dent Wilson's suggestion that stamp
on bank checks he included i'm tho war
revenue law.
II prefer an increased graduated in
come tax. and whenever a man has an
income of $i.J00,O00 | would take ali
in excess of that" Senator Tillman
added. "a million n year is enough
for any man. and the government needs
the money.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-12
Arduous Preparations Made by
Both Sides for Critical
Campaign of 1916.
LIQUOR MEN SEE REACTION
Dry" Forces Marshal Army in
Washington to Boost Consti-
tutional Amendment.
Lineup of States

Sthtrs where prohibition becomes
ehcrtiHc january H. 1916: trknnsns,
WmshinEfon. Idaho. IO,vu, Colorado,
oregon, south Cnr0lInn.
Statewide prohibition becomes ef-
ierti'e In Nirginin November !. 1916.
Stntes where prohibition * now
rhcrti'r; Maine, Nunsns. Tennrssee,
M'ssissippi. Arizona. North CnroIinn,
WEST Virginia. Georgia. North Dn-
h"tn. OkInhomn, AInbnmu
Stntcs which are .yyct": Sc,, Ter
kcy, Pennsylvania, Neyadn, Mon
tnnu.
In the other Twenty-Five States
local option prevails
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-12
ATTACKED FROM SEA AND AIR
French Steamer Harmonic Escapes
Damage From Austrian Submcrsi-
bic. md AlaO From AerOnlnne.

MARSEILLI;S, FRANCE. December
1.-THE officers Of the French steamer
Harmonic, which has arrived here, state
that the vessel was attacked recently
by an Austrian submarine. The sub
mersiblc fred two torpedoes, which
were without effect and then withdrew.
The next day the Harmonic was at
tackled by an ncroplanc that flew over
head for quarter Of an hour and
dropped six bombs. all of which fell into
tho sea.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-12
KILLED MAN 10 YEARS AGO
John McPhcrson Found Guilty OF MUIR
der and Sentenced tn Life
imprisonment.

MONTGOMERY. ALA. December Ill
jury IN circuit Court At Andalusia.
Ma to-day found John McPhcrson
guilty OF the murder, nineteen years
ago OF Join Chtidree and sentenced
him 10 life imprisonment.
Soon after the murder Mcpherson
Went West. and two years ago was
captured In oklahoma. after he Corn
planned OF being haunted 10y the ghcss
of the man he killed in Alabama,
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-12
EXPLOSION WRECKS PLANTS
MunIiiOn Factories Of BeIEian Govern
ment observation-disclosures In-
jured. but Few Deaths.

HANRE. FRANCE. December IT,
The munition factories OF the Belgian
government here were destroyed to-
day by an explosion. extensive damage
was done. and many persons were in
jured. All the employees were at work
when n defamation occurred in one Of
the buildings which contained sup
ply OF powder for loading shells
This caused the shells to blow up with
an explosion OF great violence.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-12
900 PERSONS INJURED.
BUT DEATHS ARE ItI.W

PARS. December 11.--According to
the Journal Des Debats. 200 persons
were injured In tho explosion at Havre,
but deaths were few.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-12
BIG ARMY IN WASHINGTON
TO INFLUENCE CONGRESS

To swing these four thoroughly wet
states and twenty-five local-option
states into line the prohibitionists have
marshaled big army in Washington
this winter. and fierce efforts are being
made 10 have passed at This session OF
Congress a constitutional amendment
which. when ratified by the required
number Of States. would leave not a
wet spot in the whole nation.
There are many interesting phases to
the prohibition struggles in the differ
ent States. On January I, when the
repeal of the mulct law goes into ef-
feet, making the State of Iowa dry.
there will be closed 1873 saloons and
eight breweries. Four OF the brcweries.
located at Dubuque, Burlington, Kco-
kuk and Sioux City. Will move across
the line into adjoining States. The
Cedar Rapids and Iowa City breweries
will begin making ice cream ana soft
drinks. while the Des Moincs brewery
Continued OH "a page.)
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-12
HOLLAND HANGING
ON EDGE OF ABYSS
One False Step and Stout Little
Country Would Be Dragged
Into War.
SURROUNDED BY MILITANTS
Shrewd Jonkhecr Loudon So Far
Has Avoided All Pitfalls
Set for Him.

iSpecial Cable to The Times Dispatch.l
THE HAGUE. December i,-Evcr
since the outbrcak Of the war the little
state over which Queen Wilhclmina
rules has been on tho edge Of AN abyss
Holland Possesses territory and
stratcgical positions which would be
most useful both 10 the Teutous and
The British. scores of incidents have
occurred which might have dragged
Holland into the war. That the inJ"-
pendent Dutchmcn have avoided the
many pitfalls and snarcs, in their path
Is due largely 10 the skill of one man,
Jonkhccr I.oudou. the Foreign Minister
of tho Netherlands.
Jonkheer Loudon is OF scotch descent
AS his name indicates He made his
mark as n diplomatst at Washington
where. Incidentally, h. married a
charming American woman. He was
recalled In September 1919. TO take
charge OF the Dutch Foreign Office
Minister Loudon has always been {.
quiet man, never given to s"lf-advcr-
tisencn,, but ne Is. nevertheless one Of
the most remarkable men In European
politics to-day
Subject TO pressure from Berlin on
the one side and from london on the
other his every movement iealouslv
watched by both. surrounded by AN
army OF spies what a story OF in,riru.
and copnterin,rigue he could toll II his
lips were free,
Some rlimpscy behind -he scenes
carefully shroudcd in official language
are afforded b., th, o-angc book which
ia. Dutch government has ius, issued.
>n vn,n ,,. ,,x,>,,.
,,u,,,, ,,,,,.,
- s.-''''''"t '""t Ivy ""'" -
'"''' We '"e ny" I" ''''' pi'e'u'" IA"
~ h' h'S'"'E
'''S o'''''.' unE' - sun "'"""h ~
W "''n'''A "a '"e an t'""'hE ou!'H-
ms ""''h S,'""S at '"t "o''""cS'e'h
W '"e 'e'h - ne i'"E""'
N"'I' ''''"''s; i'"''''"' pressure" over
,"e 'e'"''"'' ~ '''S S'"tHE "u'*
re-, 9. ~
,..,,
wards between C;ermnuv ana ucjuuim.
IT Was round that strin of TERRITORY
that tho German hosts pourcd INFO H.l
GUM IL, the earl. days or the war Thc
invaders moved right along tho Dutch
frontier ANA so,rc,hinr ianr.r.d nv
Is ALLEGED ia buv. ,onn.n.d ir ,ba.
u,r-nu strin
WHAT ,ha, so,,n,ri,m v,s -, non q.
vet allowed :, mn, IA ,,n,,.r .or i,,,rn,,
,o,., iI, ,,,
,,.,,, r,..,,.,,, 90 j,, ,,,
marie r.rsc,,.. ,,o.,ha, 49,.
nri,ai, .,,,.ro apo MAJ, ,.,n ,,.,,o..
-, mic ,, ~, 81, ,.,,,
"a ,as $780,, 49,, ,,,.,
H.. r,,.a, c.,,'.. ',.
di..,ro.roa ~, ;.,,
rba limo g. ,o, 90, ,nr ~. chit;
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-12
GERMANS ARE CONEiDENT
DEFEAT is ENEIyra

have recently seen and to,,..a
perhaps $50 or 400 German prisopor,
passing through Paris. and of these ~,
win inc exception of pcrhaps a dozen
were convinced that German, uo,,,,
defeated. The reasons tbo,. ,,,.o
hrSt OF all the increasing s,,nrrio,i,
the French artillery: second. tho insrm
cheney and irrcgularity OF ,hcir n,,,,,
Eood supplies and finally the hce,nn;,
OF the exhaustion OF GERMANY
The knowledge that tho FOND sun,Iia.
ar" beginning to fail at homo cvidan,,;.
has very depressing influence 49,,
tie German soldiers in the fold U.h.n
ever they spoke of the surrcrir- -
'He'r families ut home an expression
CT deep sorrow came into their r,.,s
we Know perfectly we'll" they said
that everybody ut home has hac, nm,
on rations, and that all but the rich
:'c suffering and miserable orr 10,
'crS from home leave no doubt ,bort
thiS during the last two months WIN
practically all Europe against us this
war must necessarily end in defeat. bpt
"" hay" the satisfaction OF knowin-
mat n" other nation in the world coull
nave 6onr what W" have done
young artis, from Ducssc,d,rs
asked me il people in France were nor
starving and II there had not becn
serious disturbances and uprisinss in
all the great cities OF France. and h,
was greatly surprised when told him
that people here were eating and drink
inS whatever they liked just as in
times OF peacc
our officers have told us that France.
which had been absolutely unprepnred
Tor the war had exhausted her last re-
sources and that even the soldiers were
starving. w" We're told that our sub
h'a-'heS were watching all French ports
and preventing foodstufiS from America
reaching the country. and some weeks
ag" we were told that the French gov
eminent had been forced to resign after
bloody revolution in Paris and sinful
taneous u?risingS in all the largo
cities"
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-12
Especial to Tie Times-Dispatch ]

CHICAGO. December lI.-Has the
prohibition wnve reached its food or
viii it sweep the country? Is the pres
cnt furious lighting the battle of the
Marne or the storning Of prisrcnd?
This question is brought forcibly for
ward Is. the remarkable record of the
"drys' in 1915 and by the news re-
ports received from almos, every State
telling Of the arduous preparations
made by both sides in the conflict for
the critical campaign Of 1916
Nineteen states now have dry laws.
or these. Observation-Disclosures. Washington.
Idaho Iowa. Colorado. Oregon and
South Carolina-have enacted prohihi
ton DEGREES which come into effcc; the
first day of next month. while Vir-
sinia's prohibition law starts in ope-
ration OH November l. 1915
Prohibition leaders are flushed with
victory. in the year 1916 six States
Vermont. Michigan. South Dakota. Ne
bra ska. Montana and California--and
probably scvcntl-Florida--w vote
OF prohibition. The dry generals
assert they will capture large proper
Iion of these, besides gaining victories
III local-"puon nights in every Com
monwealth Of the Union not already
III the dry" column.
ON the other hand. the brewers and
distillcGs call TO attention the fact that
in 1890 II prohibition wave dashed
nearly as high as this one. Between
1850 and 1850 twelve States-lllinois.
massachusetts. Rhode Island. Vermont
Connecticut. Delaware, Indiana. Iowa,
Michigan. Nebraska. New Hampshire
and New York-enactcd prohibition.
and later Kansas and both the Da-
kotas had joined the dry" ranks
The movement soon died out all
except three OF the dry states re-
pea!inG or amending their laws to such
an extent rs to make them inopcra
tive. The three States that remained
stcadfastiy dry were Maine. Kansas
and North Dakota
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-12
LIQUOR MAGNATI.S SEE
SIGNS OF REACTION

Tie liquor maCnatcs say they detect
signs that The present movement is
to-day in tho same state as the previous
one was Just Twenty-Five years. o. al
most generation, ago. Throughcut
the country, they say. Il reaction is
setting in
The brewers. declare that their cf-
forts 10 prove beers and light wines
not delc;erious 10 health or prosperity
have been convincing. The evils of
prohibition--"n"ar beer" "bootlegcius''
and hypocrisy-arc being more largely
recognized. they maintain. and the poo
pie are changing from fanaticism to
a more moderate ana reasonable atti-
tude
1t is indeed true, as tho liquor men
state. that antidrink sentiment has
risen and fallen in this country. like "a
wave dashing ON the sand and then re
treating for about 100 years. The Hood
tide Of 1870 was not the iirs, one.
The first great movement for tenn
pcrancc was seen Il century ago. Moral
suason was the reliance OF the re-
formers. and the force Of the move
ment soon died out.
There is observable in the prol.ihi-
ton movement a constant tendency to
get closer TO the seat of the trouble
First the drinker was attacked. Then
the liquor dealer was the object OF as
sault, and to-day the "drys" are after
the manufacturers the brewer. the dis
tillcr and the interstate dealers tooth
and nail.
As il will stand when laws nov en-
acted go into effect. local option will
prevail in all States except the nineteen
prohibition States. while four States
Pennsylvania. New Jersey, Nevada and
Montana-havc not even local-option
luws
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-12
RED-TAPE METHODS
ARE THROWN ASIDE
Under Ruthless Hands of Gail
lieni. There Is Reformation
in War Department.
EFFICIENCY IS INCREASED
Politicians and Army Contractors
Are in Despair at Transfer
nation in Service.

Especial Cable to The Times Dispatch I
PARIS, December iI.-General Cal
lien'. the new Minister OF War ba.
thrown bombsheIl among the armv or
"functionnaircs" (rninor officials, q, IN,
war Department. whose devotion 10
red tape has always been a curse to
France Rational and businesslik,
ways are now rapidly replacing a sys-
tenn which. merely TO cite "A single in
stance made it necessary for reouisi-
uon OF pair of boots to pass through
the hands Of eighteen different officials
before the boots finally reached tho
poi!u IN the trenches
Ihese reforms. though they have ONLY
Just come into effect. have :. ready been
felt at the front where there is ror-
eral rejoicing.
with ruthless hands ~ incapah,a In
atNlduals, regardless of their former
political pull are being weeded ont
inns applies. not merely to clerks and
heads or departments in the War De-
partnent. but to officers in active ser-
vice as we'll
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-12-12
CHANGE IN DEPARTMENT
Is APPARENT At Grave,

me change that has come over tbo
oiiices at the War Department is an
parent AT the Very first glance Toll,
phones which a couple of months no,
were Almost unknown there, have bee,
put up everywhere. and strict order,
nave occh given to make the most az
'ehsiNe use of these Tvnawr;ta
"o'heh by smart and busiuess,,,,a
Ho"hE Wome'., have taken the places op
inc Ola wlelders of the gooseouill vbo
y" 'he ISL or this month vacated th
STOOLS they had occupied for decades
Sh'kinS their gray heads and conyinco,,
'h't their departure spelled jnevit,hI.
disaster to France.
'eherai Gallicni has further insistoa
that all the new female emplovee. q,
VIC war department should be chosen
among the wives, mothers, sisters or
t'"Shtefs or men who had fallen mr.
"een wounded at the front In snjta
oi the protests of politicians who vara
'orr'hed TO see their patronage lis
appear the minister's order has b.e,
carried out to the letter
army contractors are in no less 10
SPAR than the discharged officials <o-
'H cohuNcis are now carefully rona
over oS experts who safeguard tia
interests OF the state. and all the mora
Important contracts are submitted m
fcherti 'iaiiieni personally.
Only those who have known tbo E,
'reoihle red tape system In force ,,ntiI
no" are able to understand what :,
"o'"ert"l transformation, saving In
'ihe ana money and increase OF on
cheney these new reforms have hrou,r,,4
about
Gilpin observer., 1915-09-23

important Organs Are Out Of Gear,
but He Gets Along Com.
fortably.

Chicago.-When Adam was "or.
sanized.' 30 to speak. the liver was
placed on the right side and the
spleen on the left. The heart was 10.
Gated Just trifie on the port side.
abaft the thorax. The plan has been
followed with eminent success ever
since. 1t is quite the thing. even in
these late days. But the spirit of ad-
venture is strong in Joseph Shapiro.
He likes things different When he
went to receive treatment for tuber.
culosis from DR.. Macmillan Spatz. the
physician discovered his heart was
hiding securely below the right lung.
his liver was curled up contentedly on
the left side and the spleen op the
right.
Even his stomach is turned around.
But 1t isn't bothering Shapiro any.
Gilpin observer., 1915-09-23

a thing-this matter Of loving and be-
ing loved-that she did so want to
cherish 1t for just little while against
the knowledge of all the world. But
she remembered the vow, the letter
of which she had kept for years, SO
shyly she told Elizabeth that she and
The Man were to be married
And you have the audacity to tell
me this, you sly mink" hissed the life.
time friend of the girl, Martha.
You're perfect little sneak, that's
what you are! You've enticed him
into this with your confiding little
ways. But he doesn't know you as l
do! He doesn't know you!" she cried,
beside herself with rage and disap-
pointment, for the girl. Elizabeth, also
loved The Man and wanted to be his
wife more than she wanted anything
else in all the world.
Because of the vow which Martha
had always kept to the letter, and
which the wiser girl had always set
aside as a mighty foolish sort of thing.
Elizabeth was as familiar with the
weaknesses Of her friend as she was
with her own. She knew her as she
knew herself, for in her interpreta-
ticn OF the word friendship Martha
had always uncovered her very soul
for the other girls inspection.
And, SO 1t was that the condolences
which the girl. Martha, had given in
the sacred name Of friendship were
made the property OF all who cared
to hear them, and bounded back like
boomerangs to hurt her a thousand
times with hurt so poignant that
sometimes the injuries done her
seemed more than she could bear.
And The Wise Woman shook her
head graveiy and remarked again that.
so long as human nature is human ma
ture, 1t will never be safe to tell your
dearest friend anything that you would
not want your bitterest enemy 70
know.
Gilpin observer., 1915-09-23
YOUR FRIEND TODAY

Elizabeth and Martha were friends.
Elizabeth said the word should al
ways be written with a capital F.
Martha declared that every letter that
went into the making of SO precious a
name should be capital. whereupon
Elizabeth kissed her affectionately
and they both declared that no matter
what the years might bring them they
would keep their tie of friendship
pure, and true, and lofty.
And" said Martha, who was the
more ardent and imaginative of the
two, there are to be no secrets be-
tween us; not even thought secrets"
To which Elizabeth agreed in an abb
stracted manner which did not quite
satisfy her friend.
So Martha suggested that they draw
loyalty to be solemnly signed by each
of them, and when Elizabeth said she
didn't see the use of such thing, her
friend burst into a storm of grief that
quite took the less intense girl off her
feet.
Why. you darling Martha" COM
forted Elizabeth. "Of course, well
write the VOW, and sign it.. I only
meant that all the vows in the world
couldn't make me truer to our friend
ship, or more certain that I shall al
ways love you just as / do now"
Whereupon Martha dried her tears,
and spent many weeks in the compo-
sition of a vow of friendship which
Gilpin observer., 1915-09-23
is TOLD TO WHIP HIS SON
Pittsburgh Magistrate Orders Good.
old-Fashioned Hickory Laeino"
for Reckless Youth.

Pittsburgh, Pa.-"Take that son Of
yours and give him good, old-fash-
Toned lacing," said Magistrate Sweeney
In central police station to Frederick
Blendinger, Sr., father of Frederick.
Jr., who was arrested after he and
four companions had piled up Mr.
Blendinger's big car against a curb
in Webster avenue.
When Mr.. Blendinger demurred at
the sentence imposed on his son Mag
istrate Sweeney said: do as say or
it will be Jail for the young man" At
this command the father agreed to
comply with the letter of the law.
Young Blendinger pleaded that he
had merely taken his fathers car to
give few friends ride.
Gilpin observer., 1915-09-23
Twenty Counties in the State Have
No Poor Farms Nor Poor
indigents.

Tcpaka.-Twenty of the los Kansas
counties have no poor farms or indi-
gent poor, while in other counties the
poor farms are self-supporting, accord
ing to report made by J. W. Howe.
secretary OF the state board OF con-
troll.
In the year ending July / the VA
rious counties IT. Kansas cared for
only 800 paupers, the report says.
Pending the construction of new
quarters at the Winfield Hospital for
the Feeble Minded. a number OF In.
sane and feeble minded patients have
been cared for by individual coun.
ties.
AS a result there weru ten more In
mates of poor farms this year than
last year. In the year ending July
l. says the report. there were 10 chill.
dren in the county Institutions as
against IA the previous year.