davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01

protest against the slaughter of its
citizens, peacefully and lawfully going
about their business on the high seas,
will not satisfy American opinion.
Courteous on the surface as Herr Won
Jagow's communication Is, it does
not strike the note which the people
Of this country hoped that it would
strike.
New York (N. ~ Press: Berlins
answer to President Wilson'S note is
friendly, gracious and-unsatisfactory
a - The point as made unmistakable
in President Wilson'S note is that the
Won Tirpitz admiralty must stop
slaughtering American citizens, wheth-
er in the case of Gulflight or Lusi-
tania, whether by pairs or by scores.
The Berlin foreign office speaks of a
probable Misrepresentation on the part
of our government as to the real char
acter OF the Lusitania. There Is none,
there could be none.
New IN. Y) Herald: Germany has
ignored the real issue presented by
tn American note Of May 13. AS was
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01

New York IN. Y.) Times: The Ger
man reply is not responsive to our de-
mand. 1t does not promote that clear
and full understanding as to grave
situation which President Wilson in
his note declared to be desirable.
The manner in which Berlin receives
our representations in regard to the
sinking of the Lusitania cannot fail
to create most disagreeable impress
sion in this country, which the notes
outward form of courtesy will not re-
move.
New York IN. " World: The Ger
man note in response to the American
protest against submarine attacks on
merchantmen does not meet the issue.
It is worse than evasive. 1t Is in
sincere, even pettifogging. Regret
will be felt everywhere in the United
States that the affairs of great peo-
pie believed to be friendly have fallen
into the hands of men capable OF sucn
desperate trifing.
New York IN. W Tribune: Ger
manys answer to our governments
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01
FIRED BY WIRELESS
IS LATEST CHARGE
BRIToNs ACCUSE GERMANS OF
BEING IMPLICATED IN APP.
PARENT ACCIDENTS.

London. May 31.-The suggestion has
been made in the Evening Standard by
Fred T. Jane, the naval author. that
the steamer Princess Irene was blown
up by German wireless device. The
Princess Irene, an auxiliary in the
British navy, was blown up last week
in Sheerness harbor with a loss of
over 300 lives.
The sudden and complete destruc-
ton of the Princess Irene in the Med
way" Mr.. Jane writes, "at no great
distance from where the battleship
Bulwark was suddenly blown to atoms,
may be curious coincidence. Italian
experiments have proved it possible to
explode properly atuned charge by
wirless from short distance If that
charge be surreptitiously placed in a
magazine. everything in the magazine
will goSt the same way, One spontane-
GUS expulsion is thinkable enough, but
two in tho same district demand too
much from the imagination"
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01
RULERS EXCHANGE
HOPES OF SUCCESS

Rome, May 81. Telegraphing King
Nicholas Of Montenegro at the moment
the Italian army was about to take the
field against Austria, King Victor En-
manuel said
II take pleasure in sending to your
majesty and the Montenegro people
my most fervent wishes for victory"
To this message King Nicholas re-
piled:
In the solemn moment when your
glorious country begins war against
our common enemy my heart and the
heart of my people are filed with Joy
to see the Montenegrin army fighting
by the side of your majesty's heroic
army. Both ever poured forth their
blood for the cause of liberty the
Ideal OF our two peoples"
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01
MANY TO GRADUATE
AT STATE COLLEGE

Ames, May 81. More than 800 men
and women will get bachelors degrees
in the various courses at Iowa state
college Of agriculture and mechanic
arts during the commencement exer-
cises this week, 80 will get masters de-
grees. IA will get professional degrees,
and 75 others will get certificates in
other than the full four year courses.
That makes total list 425, the largest
ever presented to the state board OF
education.
The commencement exercises open
ed Sunday with tn baccalaureate SER
mon by former president of the col
lege, Rev Albert Boynton Storms, now
of indianapolis.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01
EDITORIAL COMMENT ON GERMAN NOTE

clearly set forth in that historic docu-
ment, the attitude of the United
States is not based on any one of the
series of events ,ited, but on the prin-
clple involved in the method of war
fare in which they were incidents. The
United States stands today the cham
pion Of neutral rights and noncombat-
ant humanity In the case Of Germany
versus civilization the United States
holds a brief for civilization and will
to the end. Germany must res .,ect the
rights Of noncombatants travelling the
high seas.
New York IN. Y) Herald: The re-
ply of the German government shows
conclusively that Germany is most
anxious to live at peace with America.
That she desires to be shown where
she is in the wrong is but natural, and
we think that fair minded men will
concede that with the vessel being
carried on the navy list as an auxiliary
cruiser the presumption is strong that
German submarine officers thought
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01
PLEA OF GERMANS
HURT IN ADVANCE
EFFORT TO SINK SHIP BOUND
AWAY FROM ENGLAND IN
JUREs THE REPLY.

London, May 81. The plea of the
German imperial government that it's
justification for the sinking of mer-
chant vessels lay in the fact that they
are engaged in hauling in supplies to
the British, brings the following sar-
castle comment in the Westminster
Gazette:
Whatever virtue there might have
been in the German plea that the Lusi.
tania was sunk because she was be-
lieved to be carrying ammunition, is
destroyed in advance by the attempt to
stop the Megantic Saturday. The Me-
gantic was outward bound from Liver
pool and certainly she was not carry
ing warlike supplies in that direction.
She escaped because of her superior
speed and not because of any German
uualms about sinking an innocent pas
senger ship.
THE German reply to the American
message is exactly what was expected.
It avoids any direct answer to the spe-
ciic questions asked by the United
States. The German government, in
shortt, seeks to gain time"
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01
SHOES COSTLY TO VILLA.
Mexican Leaders Money So Near
Worthless That He May Build
Factory For Himself.

st. Louis, Mo-, May 81. Three rep
resentatives of the Villa government
of Mexico are here today to purchase
machinery for shoe factory which
they said is to be built and maintain
ed by General Villa at his capital, Chi
huahua
The erection of shoe factory has
become necessary, one of the party
said, because the Villa money has a
purchasing power Of only three cents
on the dollar in the United States. A
pair OF three dollar shoes, he said,
costs the Villa government $50 Of Mex
lean money.
The Mexicans said they had been
authorized to spend $4,000 for shoe
machinery.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01
SUBMARINES ARE
TAKING HEAVY TOLL
NUMEROUS BRITISH VESSELS
ARE BEING SENT TO BOTTOM
OF THE OCEAN,.

London, May SHERMAN submar-
ines have been unusually busy while
the German foreign Office was engaged
in the preparation of its answer to
the Washington note on the Lusitania
incident. The last few days, it is
pointed out in London, provided them
with heavy bag of big merchant
ships. These include the steamer
Ethiope, 3,700 tons, and the Tulloch-
moor, $500 tons, which were sunk by
submarines Friday in the approaches
to the English channel. On Saturday
the British steamer Ping Suey, be-
longing to the Holt line, was attacked
twice by German submarines within
the space of five hours, but she sue
ceeded in escaping into Plymouth.
Another victim was the steamer
Glenlee of 1000 tons, which was sunk
somewhere between the British and
French coasts recently In the North
sea. a German submarine sunk the
Russian ship Mars few days ago and
the losses of the British steamers
Spennymoor and Cadeby also have
been reported. Thus within three days
six ships of considerable size have
been sunk by German submarines and
six lives have been lost. Furthermore.
the transatlantic liner Megantic had
narrow escape from an attack by a
German submersible.
London observers are drawing atten-
ton to these cases, particularly in con-
nection with the presentation of the
German note.
The lull along the western battle
front has been broken by the French
who claim to have taken group OF
German trenches in the Pikelm region,
and to have made good progress north
of Arras. With British cooperation
they appear to have made slight pro-
gress north of La Bassee.
Aftey repeated and costly repulses.
the Germans, for the time being, seem
to have abandoned their attempts to
take Ypres. During the last week the
Germans have made only slight gains
in the neighborhood of this salient.
Except for the news of the move
ments of warships which appear to be
searching for German submarine basis.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01
MANY UNEMPLOYED
IN MONTH OF MARCH

Washington, D. c., May 81. More
than eleven wage earners in every hun
dred were out of employment and
about sixteen of the remainder were
working only part time during March
and the early part of April In fifteen
of the important cities Of the country,
the bureau OF labor statistics stated to-
day in q report on unemployment
Returns of canvass of 399,881 fam
lilies, including 644,358 wage earners,
showed 73,8O0, or 11.5 per cent, wholly
unemployed and 106,657, or 1876 per
cent, without full time employment.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01
CONTINUED on page 81
LITTLE PRINCE CHEERED
Son Of Italian King Visits Barracks
And Makes Hit With the Sol
diers There.

Rome, May 31.-Crown Prince Hum
bert, although eleven years old, Is
showing a keen and intelligent interest
In military affairs, which is winning
the affections of the people of Rome.
He visited the barracks of the Bersag-
lieri this morning and returned with
military precision the salutes Of his
fathers soldiers. The little prince ask
ed scores Of questions about things he
saw at the barracks. When he left
to return to the palace he was cheered
by a large crowd.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01
WILSON FLOWERS
At MANY GRAVES
RESTING PLACES OF FORMER
PRESIDENTS DECORATED;
OBSERVES DAY.

washington. d. c., May 81. -Presi-
dent Wilson sent wreaths Of flowers to-
day to the graves of Washington,
Grant, Harrison, Mckinley and other
former presidents, and to the grave OF
General Joseph Wheeler, the confed-
crate and Spanish war leader.
The grave at Arlington cemetery
containing many unknown civil war
dead was singled out by the president
for an especially large wreath.
Ten Thousand March.
Chicago, May 81 Civil war veterans
marched in review In their Memorial
day parade here today. Including
Spanish war veterans. militia, civic
and patriotic organizations, 1t was estt
mated that 10000 persons were in line.
Clear, cool weather brought out thous-
ands OF persons to view the parade.
Governor Edward F. Dunno Of Illinois
and Mayor William Hale Thompson.
with their stats, were in the reviewing
stand.
March Cut Short.
New York, May 81. Owing to the
advanced age Of most of the Grand
Army veterans taking part in the Mem
orial day parade here today the line of
march was shortened to less than half
a mile. Members Of forty-four Grand
Army posts detachment of regulars
from Governors island, many national
guard and naval militia commands,
Spanish War veterans and other or
ganizations marched up Riverside
drive to the Soldiers and Sailors mon
ument Exercises we're held at the
monument and at Grants tomb.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01
.OTTuMWA PAYS !
HONOR TO Dead
Opera House Is Filled
With Citizens at Big
Memorial Service /
DIR. J. H. CUDLIPP is
PRINCIPAL SPEAKER
Gives Address to Veterans
Following a Band
Concert

All Ottumwa Joined with the vetefs
ans Of the war Of the rebellion Sundays
In the observance of Memorial day.
Old men, young men, women and chils4
dren attended tho formal exercises a.
the Grand opera house and the band
concert In the CITY park during the az;
ternoon and all day long hundreds Wis.,
tied the cemeteries and placed thelJ1
wreaths Of blooming flowers upon the
graves of departed ones. From score1s
of homes, business blocks, public
houses, stores and clubs Old Glory
loated, halfmasted in honor Of the fors5
ty-seventh keeping Of the day, when rey1
spect Is paid to those who have passed.
on out from this life. N
For the first time in years the exer-s
cises were held indoors. It has al
ways been the custom to hold thom 90
the Ottumwa cemetery but the exceed
ingly rainy weather of the past two
weeks caused the committees in charge
to abandon that plan Saturday alter
noon and they arranged to meet at the
opera house. While the exercises were
in progress there. however, delegationsa
from the Sons of Veterans. who were
In charge of the program, went to the
cemetery and there decorated the
graves of the comrades who have am.
swered their last roll call The sudden
changing of the weather and the
Frightening c ',e skies caused great
many people to go to the cemetery
and hundreds were there at different
times, special car service being used
to care for them. The opera house
was practically filled. the two lower
floors being crowded with many stand.
ing.
Band Plays In Park.
and music the Fifty-fourth regiment
band played In the city park, with 81
large crowd as listeners. At 2:15s
headed by the band the members Of
Cloutman Post G. A. r., the Women's
Relief Corps, Sons of Veterans, and
Company G, Iowa National Guard,
marched south on Court to Main and
east to the opera house. Major T. P.3
Spilman was marshal of the day and
he was assisted by Emmett A. Work
and w. " Silvers as aides all three
being mounted on horses. Upon the
arrival at the opera house, the old
soldiers, relief corps women, sons OF
veterans and members of Co. G took
their places reserved in the center Sec
ton while the band was seated upon
the platform with the speakers, the
quartet and the chairman Of the day
The invocation was delivered by
Rev. James Foley of the Sacred Heart
Catholic church and he also pronounc-
ed the benediction at the close of the
service. Several patriotic selections
we're given by the Fifty-fourth band
under the direction of Prof, Cleveland
Dayton and quartet composed Of
Messrs Edward Weeks, j. J. Trenne-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01

Washington, D. c., May 31.-Two
international problems-the one a
crisis in the relations between the
United States and Germany and the
other the determination of the admin
istration to bring about an early
cessation of internal warfare in Mex
ico-developed for President Wilson
today combination of circumstances
hardly paralleled in American history.
The president had prepared state
ment to be issued tomorrow as warn
ing to the Mexican factions that their
incessant strife had forced the ihno-
cent populace to the verge of starva-
ton, and that unless the chief ele-
ments came to an agreement to restore
order, some other means would have to
be found by the United States to ac-
complish this end.
There was confidence in execu-
tive quarters that the warning would
suffice to set in motion definite plans
for peace in Mexico but in respect to
the relations with Germany, made in
creasingly grave by the reply from
Berlin to the American note sent as
a consequence of the Lusitania disas-
ter, pessimism and high tension were
apparent.
The official text of the note from
Germany had arrived and was before
the president early today. Officials
generally read it with profound dis.
appointment for, they pointed out, it
endeavored to obscure and evade the
main issue-the questions of humanity
involved-and sought to interpose a
technical argument on matters of law
hitherto undisputed under universally
accepted laws of nations. Most i'm
portant of all, it was noted, that no
attention was given to the request of
the United States for assurance that
American lives would be safeguarded
in the future.
The course of the United States is
expected to be shaped by the president
before the day is over and will be dis
cussed at tomorrows cabinet meeting.
From a previous knowledge of the
presidents feeling over the Lusitania
disaster in which more than 100 Amer
leans lost their lives, it is confidently
believed in many quarters that he
will order the dispatch Of second
note to Berlin within twenty-four or
forty eight hours, answering Ger
many's request for the facts of the
Lusitania's cargo and equipment, with
a restatement Of the circumstances as
made clear in the first American note
and an intimation that prompt reply
is expected.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01
LAST RESERVE IS CALLED
Germany Summons to the coors All
Members Of Landstrun Not
Previously Needed.

Amsterdam, May 31.-The Reichs-
Anzeiger of Berlin has published an
order calling to the colors all first
class members of the landstrum, or
the final reserve forces, not previous.
ly summoned This order does not ap-
ply to Bavaria Germans in Germany
must report between June 8 and June
10. Germans outside of Germany must
report as soon as possible.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01
FRANK is MAKING
FINAL STRUGGLE

Atlanta, Ga, May 81. The last
fight to save Leo M. Frank from the
death penalty began here today with
preparations for the hearing before the
state prison commission on his appli-
cation for commutation of sentence.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01
CLOSE BARS ON SUNDAY.

Chicago, May 81. Leaders in the
movement to enforce the Sunday sa-
loon closing law were gratified today
with the announcement that Chicago
large hotels had closed their bars yes
terday and will continue to keep them
closed on Sunday. One Of the hotels
had not closed it's bars on Sunday
since 1879,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01
GRAVE CRISIS IS
FACING WILSON
Two Momentous Problems
Confront President of
the United States
GERMAN REPLY is
VERY DISAPPOINTING
Obscures Main Issue; End of
Watchful Waiting Plan
in Mexico at Hand?

Washington, D. c., May 31.-In
an atmosphere Of holiday calm,
President Wilson studied today
the international problems con-
fronting him with respect to con-
ditions In Mexico and the German
submarine warfare. The presi-
dent motored most of the morning
riding on the front seat Of his
car, apparently in deep thought.
The reply of the German gov
ernment to the American note
protesting against the sinking Of
the Lusitania and other violations
Of American rights in the war
zone brought disappointment here
and a revival Of the tension which
preceded the dispatch Of the first
communication 20 Berlin.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-06-01

Continued on page 81
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-01
Agents Here Doubt
Charter of Armenian

Officials of the International Mer-
camille Marine Company were unable
yesterday TO say whether the Ar
menian, CT the Leyland Line, was IN
der charter TO the British government:
II was explained by representatives OF
the line that the local Office had no IN
formation concerning the Armenian,
and had no particular interest in her
trip to England, as she loaded cargo at
Newport News, and had not been in
anv way connected with the service out
of this port.
While the Office of the international
Mercantile Marine Company had no
knowledge of the terms under which the
Armenian sailed on her last eastward
voyage, the opinion was expressed that
she was carrying her cargo for the
Leyland Line, and was not under char-
ter 10 the British government.
Elsewhere, however, the opinion was
expressed that the steamer probably
was under charter, as she had been
sent direct from Liverpool to take her
cargo Of mules at Newport News. 10,
cal representatives of the line declared
only Liverpool would know the terms
or conditions Of her service.
The Armenian sailed from Newport
News for Avonmouth on June II, in
charge Of Captain Tricky. She was OF
1926 tons gross register, 5l2 feet long,
and had beam of SO feet and depth
Of 50 feet. She was built in 1895, at
Belfast
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-01
President Won't Talk
of Armenian Sinking

Cornish. y. H., June S0.-President
Wilson was informed tonight OF the
sinking of the Leyland liner Armenian
by German submarine and that sew
was said he would wait for full otieial
information before deciding what
course to pursue, and q thorough IN
vestieation would be made.
The President refused to make any
o@cial comment. He has been told
that a favorable reply from Germany
10 the last American note protesting
against the submarine warfare was
probable, and therefore news OF the
sinking of the Armenian was received
with surprise.
II was said that Mr.. Wilson had not
changed his plan of remaining mere
over July 1 because Of the news about
the Armenian, but that no predlctl9h
could be made as to what he would do
after full official information had been
received.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-01

night was crushed, the enemy's losses
being very considerable"
After trip under Turkish auspices
along the whole line of forts guarding
the Dardanelles, the Constantinople cor
respondent of "The Daily Telegraph"
declares it is impossible to expect a
speedy forcing of the strait by the
Allies.
Turks Strongly Fortified.
THE Turks have taken advantage Of
the last three months TO increase i'm
mensely their defensive resources, until
the whole path which the Franco
Britons must travel is one great fort
ress, bristling with artillery, crowded
with troops excellently trained, well
equipped and undeniably brave" said
the Correspondent. "The presence of
numerous German officers and men IS
guarantee that all the preparations
are being made with Teutonic thor
oughness.
THE forts all are built along the
same lines, the walls being raised about
thirty feet above the foundations and
constructed about sixty feet deep OF
revetted earth, with usually eight EN-
brasures with a siX-inch gun in each.
"These guns are OF the old type and
lack the rapid-fre features Of the most
modern artillery but this Is no great
handicap in operating against ships in
the narrow passage. The ships shells
have no appreciate effect on the fort
resses unless they make direct Int on
the gun embrasures, which is difficult
Workmanship.
"The Turkish troops outnumber the
Allies in Gallipoli two 10 one and have
all the advantage of salient positions"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-01
"Thc World"

ain the absence OF full information,
the sinking Of the steamship Armenian
by n German submarine would seem TO
raise no new difficulties with Ger
many. The case of vessel clearly
carrying contraband of war does not
rest on the same footing as that OF a
great passenger ship like the Lusitania.
Although American lives were lost
in both instances rs the result OF
hostile attack, the circumstances differ
so widely as to require separate consld-
Grafton Of the two incidents. 1t re-
mains to be explained. however. wheth-
err the German submarine commander
had actual knowledge of the character
Of the ship and cargo that he destroyed,
or whether he sank IL without warning
or exercising the duty of visit and
search.
I'm no way could the Lusitania be
classed as a vessel of war subject TO
instant attack and destruction. But
when British ships are employed in
ferrying war SUPPLIES across the At
lantie they become the rightful prey Of
the enemy wherever he can reach them
under the rules Of war and with due
regard to the principles of information
al law"