davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04

on this ground. fun of biG holes and
piled with dead. The combat never
ceased. either day or night. The attack
ing clements. constantly renewed.
crushed the Germans with hand Gren-
AIDES and demolished their earth barri-
cadcs. There was not an hour or truce
or an instant of repose. The men were
under a sun so hot in the trenches that
they fought bareheaded and in their
shirt sleeves.
"On each Of those bloody days there
were acts Of incompatible heroism
From three sides at a time we worked
forward through ground where the Ger
mans had dug. ten meters under ground.
formidable shelters. The enemy's artil-
lcry continued firing on our line without
interruption. Our reserves suffered, for
in this upturned earth. where every
blow from a pick would disinter n body.
one could prepare but slowly the deep
shelters which the situation demanded. "
The French oldiers showed their grim
but unquenchabie spirit of fun by nam
ing the trenches where This desperate
fighting was going on after German
commanders. Thus they dashed down
won Kluck alley and dashed madly
into Gutenberg lane" In a furious pur-
suit of fleeing Germans. The bioodiest
spot OF all. where hundreds of French
and Germans lay locked IN a death gr'p.
was chris,ened ia Sale des Fetes'
The Banquet HalD.
Finally. on May II. ighteen days af-
ter the assault began. the French won
their way TO the northern end of the
labyrinth" with only a small space be-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04
ny Or. WOLF Won sCHIERBRAND,


VIENNA. June 3,-Once every week. on
sundays, my wife and / permit ourselves
the luxury Of n meat dinner We fire.
qucnt as "A rule a restaurant owned and
managed by the municipality OF Vienna
and known as the Rathaus-kcller cor
tlty Hall Cellar). because il Is in the
basement of the municipal building.
Before the war "A plain but well cooked
meal for two could he had there for
about sl,25, including a pint Of the ex-
cellent white win grown in the Vienna
district. Now such a rcpast costs us
about 50 and IL not 50 plentiful.
Last Sunday, for example, We had Il
bowl of soup, "A small steak Ca very
small one. tough n dry) for both, Il
small side dish each Of caulihcwer and
cucumbers (Which amounted alone 10
nearly a dollar) and a bit of one OF the
famous Vienna puddings, washed down
with A 90 cent pint of white wine, TIE
Tiny steak cost Sl.25. When We arose
from the table we felt that double the
quantity would have been very welcome,
Sow We cannot afford 10 have a So
dlnner every day. and so at home Tor
he remainder Of tho week we live partly
on memory and Anticipation and partly
on bread and Ian and tea. The bread
- ~ per cent, maize, the other 80 being
nondescript-perhaps barley. potato
snur, cornstarch or what not, Any
Nay, ] have eaten better bread than
that and seldom worse. no, even in the
orient, whore they have their " pc
ruliar notion, OF baking, Hut this maize
bread il tho only kind one can get
Lopadays IN Vienna,
So YOU see that 10 this extent the
British blockade has been successful IN
Austria-Hungdry, although my wife Is
d born and bred American. and ! my
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04
Raid Was One Of Most Spec.
tacular Of Aerial Operations
Undertaken in War.

OF which was tho destruction Of tho
chemical factories at Lu~dwigghafen,
Bavaria. was one Of the most spectacular
of the entire war. = great part of the
town 81 ludwigShHfeu * nothing but
an immense factory. II H. tho scat OF
the laboratory Of tho Eadischo Nnilin
und Soda Fahrik. which was founded in
1853 at Mannheim. in the Grand Duchy
of Baden Cwhcnco its namcD and trans
ferred five years later to Lud~wigshafen.
on the left bank OF the rhine At the
outbreak OF the war il was transformed
In great part into q factory for the
production Of nltratcs necessary for tho
making of explosives. II turns out two-
thirds of the nitiates used in the manu-
facture OF German munitions.
With every detail Of tho raid ar
ranged. maps of the country to bo trav-
ersed and detailed maps Of the tovn
OF l.udwigshafcn. the French avi4tors
started OF their perilous mission AT day.
break on May &c. Eacn machine had
gasolene for seven hours Some Of them
carried six bombs Of 90 kilos ESQ
pounds. others carrying one of iij $40
pounds and two of 90 ESQ poundsD.
They flew to n height OF about $500 feet,
so as TO be able 10 cross the III
lines In comparative safety. The rising
sun caused the fiiers some difficulty and
between Saareburg and SaVerne, in Al
SAGE. they were subjected to n violent
bonbardnent 10y the German batteries.
Descending the valley of tho Rhine and
passing over the fortress of Htrit they
reached Mannheim and continuing their
journey were over their objective after
y flight OF three hours.
on arriving AT the end Of the trim the
aviators separated into two groups. one
flying over Oppau, the other over thA
principal factory of the Badische Anilin
und Soda Fabrik. In a quarter of an
hour more than a ton Of explosives had
been dropped by tho French niers.
bashing away from the scene OF their
exploit the aviators were able to watrh
the effect OF the raid. Heavy columns
OF smoke burst from the roofs of tho
factories and filed tho air. while loud
explosions were heard issuing from the
nigh chimney stacks like the roar Of
smell from the mouth OF a gun. The
WORKERS. In the factories were fleeing
on all sides.
TINS success was marred ny ono acc'.
d"nt ON tho way back tho mnchine
carrying Thief Of squadron DE Cows
ana Adjt. Bunau-Narilli was forced 20
descend Tn" machine had scarcely
reached IN" ground when tho aviators
ON nigh saw flames hurs'ing forth from
II. The observer and pilot had sct +,
atire 10 prevent it falling into the hands
of the Germans.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04

enormously because the aeroplanes have
had to be brought TO thu GROUND any
whore. Irrespective Of the lay Of the
land. \ smashing up Of the landing
chassis suihces to put the aeroplane out
of business the aviator goes M again in
half an hour with a machine which has
never been flown Off the testing ground.
and at the end Of an hour ne IL back
smashing it's landing chassis trying to
land gently In an apple rcAard
Wings. too. have to he looked after
when they have been riddlcd with bull
lets or shell splint.rs. for they will stand
only just 80 much perforation before
they give way before the wind strain.
The necessity of flying in any kind of
weather. too accounts for hundreds Of
repair Jobs.
NJ. Serre believes that before the war
Is over the standing supply of machines,
So far az the Allies are concerned. will
Ice so large that formidable air squads
Will he sent out to attack German
strongholds. The three types of hi
planes used by the French army now.
the Farnan. Voisin and Caudron-
only one monoplane. the Morane-Saul-
nier. Is accepted as sufficiently stable
by the military authorities-can be made
IN gigantic sizes. to carry several hum
bred Kilograms OF bombs apiece. \ fleet
OF fifty OF these %biplanes carrying
bombs. conveyed by ten equally large
machines armed with mitrailleuses and
by a few extra fast m~onoplanes with
mitrailleuses. could deliver a formidable
attack. given the insccuracy of artillery
fire against air craft.
The aeroplane's usefulness for recon
nalssapca It's primary function, has
been greatly increased by the nature
of the war ever since the battle OF the
Marne. Cavalry cannot cross trenches
10 find out where the enemy's guns are
hidden. and finding guns Is one OF the
chief occupations of Generals. An avia-
tor observer can see whole armies at a
time and in a few minutes he can travel
over their columns farther than a scout
ing cavalry party could gallop In a
day. and there "a no difficulty about
his getting back TO his base.
Aviation has been associated VT
military science for SO short a time
that the ancient traditions OF fighting
Still govern tactical methods. the per-
feet coordination OF aerial scouting with
general being a problem so
far unsolved 10y the s:affs.
The number of volunteers for avia-
ton service in the French army has
astonishei the authorities. The work
Is tedious at the start. dangerous and
physically more eXhaustiug than any
other service. The number Of f,ying
men at the end of the war will be go
large that perhaps something can be
done toward making aviation "A popular
sport. The possibility Of its use for
carrying Of mail and other light. precious
matter will also be brought within prac-
teal limits.
The raid carried u by eighteen
French aeroplan"s on May 90. the object
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04

ment was annihilaNd. I'VE took 1000
prisoners all the rest were killed" il
the laconic manner in which this IL
told by the French Official observer.
Ingenious Defcnces.
The ground where this most terrible
or all the infantry engagements in the
western theatre of war was fought is
situated just north OF Ecurie and south
or Melville Saint Vast. 1t Is about
two square miles in extent. The Ger
mans had toiled with infinite pains for
months. adding trench to trench and
digging deep into the earth to provide
bombproof shelters for the defenders
In intricacy of plan and in detail OF
arrangement the "labyrinth.' which
name was given to the position by the
french "poiius." has been compared to
the historic Hampton Court maze.
Hinged by an outer circle of loopholed
parapets and barbed wire entanglements
the whole area was studded with en-
trenched strongholds. each village and
farmhouse within the circle being indie
pendently fortified and connected by zig
gags and trenches lined with concrete
and made extra deep as shelter from
shell fire. Underground galleries and
tunnels ran crosswise everywhere. bris-
Ting with cannon. trench mortars and
machine guns. Pitfalls. b~arricades.
blind alleys. deathtraps OF every kim
barred the way against the French as
sailants.
The actual storming of the "laby-
rinth was begun by the French on MAY
30. For days before this, however.
there was rained on the French positions
"A little to the north of Arras such an
awful fire of shell az had never before.
perhaps. been directed agains AN army.
At Givenchy. to the north. the farm
OF La Folie. east of Melville, at Farbus
and Thelus. a little further on, German
batteries OF 3 inch, G inch. S.i inch and
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04

coming in from Hungary within n month
or 40 and fruit and new yep.,ahlas as
we'll Everything IL in fine prospec, in
,n't iIhe blit meat. That Is diff.r.p,
NO I'VE stock census has been ,,L,an
since l'lo, II there are many ecouo-
'illsts here who say there il n ,,utyy.r
IN the w%oodpile," in other wor,Is ,ha,
believe that many owners OF live s.n,L,
are Keeping II back for a further ,is.
,''n'PS 'nat IL true; nobody can tell
u ~ perfectly certain. howeycr ,L,,
the consumption of meat, owing IN ,ha
maintenance or the enormous army ana
I" the seizure and slaughter of r,t,Io
swine ana poultry in Galicia and nuLn.
wilma during the long occupation hv ,ba
RUSSIANS has been much above tho mo-
mai And falitia with her eieht nur,ana
OF population used to be the chi.r nra
durer FOR the Austrian half of IN. man.
archy. 'no"-
'"nr GOdmOthrrship.''
one peculiar social help.
under the patronage of the Ircbdnohea
Ilta. IN" young wife Of the now hoir ~
the throne. and OF thousands 81 wo,,on
nel"ielhg 10 The a~ristocracy. ia the
Nrlessnatenschaft' That long word
means war godmothership' and it con.
.lES 'no 'noa that aid in every form is
u ne given to the babies born drrir .,
the war 10 the wives of soldiers n, tho
front. or to the widows and o,nb,ns ~,
soldiers who have given their lives for
their country. It Is an idea which -.
Us need became more and more nnn,r.
eit' ana as the numbers of such nm
fortunate Woine and children increased
day by day, gained In popular favor In
their hour Of need. and both hsroro and
afterward. those forsaken and discon.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04

mean famine 7, does no, mean that
the people are actually starving. as /
hay. seen II stated in some foreign
pnpers. Hui II does mean that for the
moor the difficulty of obtaining sufficient
food il much greater than +, IL i'm nor
NAL times. The other day | was seated
an n bench ON the Ring Strasse. the
wide semicircuIar boulevard girding the
interior CITY. and got into conyprsa-
zion with an elderly man who was
watering the driveway. He was a stardy
old fellow. one of the kind accustomed
10 eating plentv Of meat. And he said
to me i'm a dolcful voice For six
months now | haven't had a mouthful
of meat. can't afford it, Even sau-
sage of every kind. bacon. lard. are too
high in price for the Ia boring popula-
tion BACON amounts 10 $50 crowns 4,
kilo. that is co cents a pound. And
wages of course are not higher. I'm many
cases even lower.
crmn More Fortunate.
Wn"t nhaNrS 'ne 'reI"s. NuH',,'" "
pollIhE n"' Is tne Iart .nnt a. 'uls
ou'r'seous ,n p''' ~ !"
m 'n,a ~ ,r,a. ronor,. ,hroo
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04
AMERICAN WIVES HELP
ITALIAN HUSBANDS CAUSE
Engage in Hospital and Relief Work While Men Are
Sent to Front-Many Italians Married to Women
Born Here Now With Colors.

tajnments or farewell dinners were given
10y members of the nobility called TO
arms as everybody has been too busy
and the time for leave lkiug was very
limited.
The change OF life from the leisurelv
habits Of an Italian man about town
with the smoking OF cigarettes repre-
senting a mornings work to an officer
or soldiers duties in time OF war is
indeed a great contrast. Men who never
left their beds before noon now are
M at = and drilling steadily all day
long. They sleep uu straw when they
AZ" lucky enough TO get y. or else on
the bare ground They eat badly. ofi-
Gers and men alike. and Dug II In the
very soasc Of the word. And yet all
Italians. nuhlem"u and peasants alike.
are enthusiastic about IN" war and all
al" patriotic. Nobody grumbles in Italy.
There are several officers who are
waiting {" he given important ,om-
mands Al TN" front. Among these are
capt, de liuCgiero, husband of the former
Mrs. T.. Atherion Adams OF New York,
and Lieut.. Count du Iiesse. whose wife
IL Miss Cooley of New York, and they
AT" meanwhile hard At work In the reGi-
mental depo's here, whore thousands Of
rcs"rNiSts are hockiug daily.
capt MastiurZi Of the I.anrers left
Cor unknown destination and his wife,
formerly Mss Ralph, volunteered as u
Red cross nurse, Lieut.. Dandini sylvia.
the husband Of another American. Miss
Palmer. vino now is a Samaritan nurse ,
Lieut., i%iettinl, whose wife was Miss
Daisy Abbot Of Nc% York. and Lieut..
i.ats of n" navy, who married Miss
Evans OF New York, have left for the
front long ago.
Gen NeNander Angel, tho husband
If an American. Formerly Miss Norah
Rogers, is in command OF a division.
Marchcsa Theodoli, formerly Thaw, ac-
c~uW"aaicd her husband part ~ the wav
on his journey north, hu, had 20 return
to Rome when they We're nearing head
quarters,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04
COINS IN SOLDIERS WOUND.
Shrapncl Carries Money aud Cloth
Into Mans rhiIh.

LoNpoN, June l5.--.A wounded soldier
from the front was operated upon In
the Royal Berkshire Hospital on Satur-
day Tor an injury to his thigh.
When the wound was prnhcd 1t was
found that a piece Of shrapnel had car
ried A portion of the mans trousers
pocket into the flesh, aud with i, several
coins, which were successfully extracted,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04
FAMOUS BEAUTY
WAS GER MAN SPY
Nine. Bertha frost Gave Elab-
crate Dinners at Fine
London Home.
MANY OFFICERS GUESTS
Special Correspondence 70 THE suS.

Special Correspondence 10 THE SCN.
LONDON, June l5.-Thousands VINO
had never heard of Nine. Bertha frost
curiou relic OF bygone days regularly
drove in the park. dressed in figured
silks worn over an ample crinoline. and
a poke bonnet perched on punches OF
white curls. which she wore on each
side of her beautifully tinted cheeks.
Nine. frost. with her early Victorian
getup. was ostensibly a beauty specialist
with an exceedingly aristocratic clientele.
who patronlzed her Beauty shop" In
the West End. and many Of her clients
even visited her at her beautiful house
at Marlborough Gate. Hyde Park.
The business was in reality merely
a blind. Nine. frost was for over
twenty years in the pay of the German
Government. and utilized those wonder
full parties at 4 Marlborough Gate for
strictly "political' purposes. There she
mingled freely with many people who
were in a position to give information
such as she needed and was skilled in
extracting.
The Lady OF the Crinoline.' as she
was called, has been unmaskei. and
London will see no more of her Victorian
gowns and poke bonnets. She has been
depor;ed as an undesirable allen.
Last December she moved to the house
at Marlborough Gate. where she lived
in considerable style, with a stan OF
seven servants, including a butler. whose
dignity OF mien was the envy of the
neighborhood
II was about this time that madame
suddenly removed all external signs of
her manicurlng operations from her
shop" and displayed an elaborate facia
Indicating that she was Bertha frost.
dealer in antiques
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04

and the soldiers OF Alexander. Foot
by foot the French Xouaves. the first TO
enter the "labyr.nth." fought their way,
hurting hand g%renades at unseen foes.
dashing into earth trenches and ~bayonet-
ing the Germans, trapped in their W
devices. falling hy the score when a
wall of flame from hidden machine guns
met them at the turn of "A comnluni-
eating trench,
without a stop, from May 30 to June
H." says the observer, they fought
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04

tween them N the fir, GERMAN line
north OF the position and behind them
only one German line untaken. rb.
latter held out for two more days. Then
the French were able To say that tn,
'l~mpresnable' position had been cap
tured.
Az VIII be seen on the accompanying
map, the French victory here enabled
me commanders to straighten out the
me whlch now runs east of Givenchv
southwark TO IA point northeast OF Arras.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04

Recent reports t]uuouuoel that both
DE toys and Buutu-Nar.lli arc prls-
oner~ of war lu q, 'uluy.
IN" accompanying photograph shows
IN" iNIai"rS who iuuS part In the raid
on l'udwigshlfru. The .muller photo
graph SHOWS 'u.rr %, squadron De Cow
and Ait, Buuau-NarIlla.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04
Ella bOratc Con- IN,

But the finest touch OF the bizarre
about Madame Bertha was her vault, -
~ the irrevereut servants called an
upper room. This room was hung with
sOnhr" black curtains. and in the centre.
mounted on t%rrstles. WAS the most Ella.
horate coffin that undertakerS ever made.
II was of polished rosewood. finely
worked and fitted with massive silver
mountiugs. ON the uameplate was deli
Cately engraved. bertha frost"
Her iavOrite entertainment was a re-
'cption TO view my mascot" rs she
termed the coffin. and she explained To
the startled guests that she kept it near
at hand to reconcile her to the idea Of
death.
Speculation as to the origin ~ Nine.
frost was always rife. but she never
gave details of her early Years, Although
fifty-i'c years of age. she sim retained
signs of the extreme beauty that was
hers in youth. 1t VAS rumoIcd that.
for certain reasons, she was told some
wears go bN the Austrian authorities
that London would he a more desirable
home for her than Vienna.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04
Battle for the Labyrdnh an Unceasdng
Eighteen Day Fight With Terrific Slaughter

No 1emp Relieved teL Longs Struggle Which Wont for the french Arms Most Intricate and hgmiusS System
We're Almost 1900 French Victory Important From suaagc Viewpoint
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04

Many husbands OF Americans OK
emptcd from military servi p and too
old I" enlist as volunteers. which hy the
way are no longer needed since Italy
has more soldiers under arms than Was
expected are offering their services as
automobile drivers or Interpreters, and
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04

But the real centre II interest was
the mysterious house at I Marlborough
Gate. Here the beauty specialist in
stalled furniture II hdngings of a most
elaborate KIND. Everything was dec
GRATED In rich tones Of pink. ana the pay
Ing guests were conducted from room
TO room, sometimes 10y girl pages attired
In rich robes of the louis WI. period,
what time Nine. frost was IN her IA
vorIte pose AZ Marie An~toiuette.
Some say that she actually claimed 10
be the relucaruation Of the French
Queen. Certainly nothing pleased her
better than To parade her magnificent
rooms ana display to her guests, oft
times a curiously diverse assembly. "A
gorgeous silk gown. an exact copy of
that worn by the unhappy Queen.
Dressed in this striking fashion. she
would drive through the streets in a
landau drawn by two Shetland ponies.
Later she favored II pair OF perfect
erays
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04

ONE of the German trenches captured by the French in their
- onslaught against the fortified position known as the Labyrinth"
is shown in the accompanying photograph. The trenches were formida-
bly, defended, in many cases being reinforced with concrete.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-04

ROME. June T. Nearly all the Italian
husbands OF american women rave been
called to serve their country in the
regular. army or the different volunteer
corps and have been either sent to the
frontier or 10 some unknown destination
on military missions"
Most OF those from the age OF 90 10
80 liable TO military service as soldiers
or non-commissloned officers as well
as the others more than 30 years old,
who held commissions In the army and
navy, were called up to their dcpots
when mobilization was ordered and left
their homes within t~wenty-four hours,
Their wives and families are quite in
ignorance as to their destination and all
they know Is that they are Somewhere
in Italy"
This |prccaut,on Of hiding even from
families the whereabouts OF all soldiers.
both rank and file, has been adopted
to guard against espionage because
many officers are married To German or
Austrian wives, Even when writing
home no address is given, and letters to
officers and men under arms must be sent
in special envelopes supplied by the War
Ofhce with printed instructions that
unless only tn" name, rank and corps Of
the addressee are noted down the letters
will not reach destination. Nobody
minds these necessary precautions, the
more so as the mail service. like every
thing else connected with tho army and
navy, has been admirably organized,