The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1915-12-30

the cars armies were soon back
where they started out in the previous
September. Russia had suffered the
greatest disaster in the war. A new
Germany military hero had been re-
vealed in the person of Mackensen,
who was now held with Hindenburg
in popular esteem.
In the last days of the month, Italy
joined forces with the allies against
Austria-Hungary.
Fall Of Warsaw.
The campaign in the West was
strangely quiescent. The allies kept
to their trenches and the outside world
wondered. Up to June Is there was no
claim of progress by the allies. The
Teutonic claim that its side was still
engaged in successful warfare on all
fronts was not disputed. The splendid
resistance interposed by the discred-
tied Turks came as a surprise to the
world. Russia was unable to rally her
badly demoralized forces to make a
winning defense of Lemberg. Once
that point had fallen, Warsaw became
the main objective. 1t was not until
August that German troops made
their triumphal entry into Warsaw,
capital of Russian Poland.
September marked decided change
in the Teutonic campaign in the East.
Wilma fell on September 9, but imme-
diately afterward the Russians won a
series of successes over the Austrians
capturing 10000 prisoners. The escape
of the Russian armies from the net
planned by the German strategists
was complete. The great Teutonic
drive was brought to halt, and in De-
cember the Germans withdrew slight
ly and intrenched for the winter.
The month of October marked a de-
cided revival of military activity on
all fronts. After long period of COM
parative quiet in the West, desper-
ate offensive movement was made by
the allies. The French drive in Cham
payne was one of the bloodiest at
tempts yet made to pierce the German
lines. After three weeks of incessant
gunfire, the French troops left their
September 25. and rushed
the whole of the first German line.
Nearly 10000 German prisoners were
and upward of a hundred
field guns, thus far the greatest single
capture by the French during the war.
But the Germans were not compelled
to relinquish any great amount of ter
ritory. In Artois the allies did not sue
coed in breaking through the German
lines, but secured some coveted posi-
lions at an appalling cost.
This brief period of allied success
was followed by an unexpected turn
of political affairs in the Balkans. For
a second time the Greek king showed
his lack of sympathy with the allies.
In the spring he had prevented Veni
zelos, his premier, an avOwed sup
porter OF the allies, from sending
troops to the Dardanelles. Now, when
the allies were depending upon the
Greeks to hold the Bulgarians in check,
declined again to act.
Serbia is OVerrun.
Bulgaria announced her intention to
,ast her lot with the central powers
and the latter opened a campaign hav-
ng Turkish relief for it's apparent OBJ
ective. On October 10 the Germans
crossed the Danube and proceeded to
ADVANCE southwark, every step contest
I'd furiously by the outnumbered
serbs. France, England and Italy de-
Jared war on Bulgaria. All at once
he center of military activity was
to the Balkans.
In November both the long-expected
Illied offensive in the West and the
reutonic drive in. the East came prac-
ically to an end. The allies failed to
freak the stubborn German lines and
,nly achieved a possible moderate
uccess in Champagne and Artois at
cost. BY the middle of the
month military operations in Russia
we're practically at a standstill, the
Germans having failed to accomplish
be object of their campaign. At that
ime the big German drive to the Gold !
n Horn began to monopolize the at
ention Of the public. The preliminary
INVASION OF Serbia by the Teutonic al !
Ies-now including Bulgaria-was be-
un with notable promptness. In fact,
8 early as October q, the invading
rmies met in the northeastern part Of
he kingdom, by November 1 Kragu- !
evatz, the chief Serbian arsenal. had
alien, and by November the Bulga- |
ians were in Nish, Serbia's proyi- |
ional capital and railroad center. BY !
November 10 IT was announced that |
be invading armies held four-fifths of |
erbia. and toward the close of the |
lonth Germany declared semioficially |
hat the campaign was over. BY the |
fiddle Of December the Franco British |
,rces had been driven out of Serbia.
hey fell back to Saloniid, which, with
he consent of Greece, they prepared
, defend.
Since May "a. when the Italian army
rossed the Austrian frontier. the fight
az has been continuous. especially
long the Isonzo front. The strongly
,rtifed and stubbornly defended town
{ Goritz was the Italian objective for
'eeks. In October the Austrian aero
lanes dropped bombs upon Venice,
estroying art specimens and damag-