The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-03-05

4, THE
Recent Naval
By Frederic ].
ournayy not only ranks high.
among the uavies OF the worlds&in
I size and strength. butitsis one fof9thse.
most up-to-date In construction and:
armament. All of the methods and:
devices for naval warfare, Which@the
European conflict is bringing into
prominence are being carefully
studied by thesexperts of the Navy
department, and the results used in
Improving ourSowns feet
#The&tremendous destructive power
Iof submarines5has been conclusiyely
demonstrated In this war, and naval
Iexperts are agreed that this is the.
arm Of the navy which must undergo.
the most rapid Development in the
Fear future. Experiments are con
tstantIy being carried on insthis coun-
try looking toward the Improvement
Iof these craft and of the defense
against them.
Elaborate methods or attack by
tO1F&4 QSlEuSSt
them have recently been evolved
and a description Of these will helpato.
make clear the problems which naval
inventors and engineers are trying
Ito solve.
In order to locate a %battIeshipl
(which it wishes to attack, a. su bma-
srine must lift It's periscope above the
surface of the water. If5the subma?
frine is moving rapidly. this p%eriscopeI
IS visible at five OF six thousand
yards to the 1ook-outs of b%attleship,
While il the submarine is able to rise
very quietly,sit may safely come
within foursthousand yards Of its in
tended victim. Having thus made
observations as to the course and
speed OF the vessel, usually from
two points, the submarine goes be-
low, ome up within range and
launches itsstorpedo. This it is able
to do with great accuracy, providedI
It can get within four thousand
yards.
The chief limitation upon this
method Of attack is the speed OF the
submarine. below water. No subma-
rine have so ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
will make more than fourteen knots,
when submerged, and that speed is!
not sufficient to overtake a b~att1eship.i
In a word the submarine must de-
pendHupon intercepting the vessel It'll
attacks and cannot pursue if the first
shot fails.
It is this fact which great impor-
lance to the DEVELOPMENT of sea-go-I
Ing submarines, which will develop a
speed of twenty to twenty-five knots
upon the surface. It Is reported that
European power has constructed
Te,, n I, 80 nr.n E+TR (, ~
face at a speed of TWENTY-FIVE knots
by an engine using fuel oil. while be-
low thessurface its motive power will
be an electrical battery like that Of
all other submarines.
Thesnext advance IN submarine
CONSTRUCTED expected by naval ex-I
perts is a submarine capable OF a
high speed below the surface. This
would be about#the deadliest water
craft imaginable. as it could pursue
land harrass a ~battleship Indefinitely
with comparatively little risk of Ell
ther attack or detection.
What is needed in order to make
the construction of such assubmarina
possible is an internal combustioni
engine. which will develop highspow-
Ierswithoutemitting any smoke or oths
Ter waste to revea1sth es1ocationSof the
vessel. Experiments Ire constantly
being made i ii the effort to- perfect
such an engine. 1t az 8asreasonabIy
certain that the problem Of driving
Ia submarine at high speed below the
bsurface will be solvedsinthe near fus
ture. and the first nation to develop
such asscraft will certainly have az
great advantage inEwar.
The problem of defense against sub
marines has brought forth in-
.Iteresting devices. Asubnarine is
Edificult to destroy with an ordinary
i~projecture, because the sprojectile
will glance, orsricochet. upon strik-
ing the surface. and Wil1snot affect
the submarine. evensthoughthe lat
ter. is very near the surface,
proiectile is now being tested by the
navy department.. however, which
has cup nose. so that insteadEof7
bouncing off the surface Of theawater.
it will penetrate and at the same
tine explode. The inventor claims
that this device constitutes ar efizl
Client protection against submarfnes:I
However, nosreport has Yet been
made of theSexperiments being cars
|sried on by the navy departmental to-
Determine thefspractibility Of this
sp~rpojectile.
The only practicable methodYofRdezl
tense against submarines that has
It,oar&1 al Ll.I = 80 II sf 40 a. a+o@ col