davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-11-28
Sweden Soothing With Agitation to Enter Great War

monster demonstration of peasants and workmen who shall march on the palace and demand permission to proclaim to the King their hatred of the activist war agi- tation and their unshakable devotion to neutrality Hammarskjold is resolute neutralist. but his latest definition of neu- trality made him the activists' hero. When receiving a peace and neutrality deputation, which expected him to express himself for unqualified neutrality Ham, marskjold read the neutralists lesson. He proclaimed that Sweden wants to keep out of the war. but said that her neu- trality is not absolute. She will go into the war in order to defend her territorial inviolablity. and she will further go into the war if she is given offense in any vital matter. The actlvists read into this a threat to Great Britain, and that gives them much joy.
 Actvism alone will not drive Sweden to war. But activism has grown rapidly and is growing. Sweden has serious diff she has minor questions outstanding with Russia. Activism's hope. as Karl Staaff says, is to blow out these differences into causes of war. The longer the war lasts the great chance that Sweden will go in There will be plenty of chances to pick quarrels: the Films may rise; the Russians may get worse beaten, and of fer greater temptations as an easy prev. The war agitation calculates on such things. If Russia or her allies were to win 8 really big victory. activism would cOllapse,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-11-28

laid in supply of wet goods a large proporsion of which he had stored away in his persunnel system Jub therefore could easily have singed ones hair with his breeth-just before he to surain my wants he turned sed breeth flossy little gerranium plant intended for decorative pur- poses in his window and it cured up and cashed in the spot. Notwithstanding large printed card To-
 cated in corner of his plate glass mirror just in frunt of me, which remarked in good English "Nx on the stuff-we air newtral," Jub began the convursasion timidly by obsurving that the allies seemed to be sgumming things up in the Bawlkins. s.
 He shut off enny argurmnt my part at this juno
 ture by promptly dabbing my mouth full of lathur
 pushing a lot up my in ordur to make it unnan- imus He then sed that Greese mite get into the if it lasted long enuff for them tell whethur or it was safe to do War, obsurved Jub sagely
 little unsafe; he sed he was a resurvvist and he wuring overtime at the resurve bizness but it his ntension to confine his activities in that line to this side of the Sevverel resurvvsts
 he sed had gone back to Urope giving up good jobs here, only to land in the trenchs and swaller lot of Gurman gass or attimpt to munkey with a shell en- gagged in touring the landskape, eether of which he sed, was detriminta to the system, and they
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-11-28

weer occupying soldiers toomb. He sed he wasn't much occupying soldiers toombas an occupasion, he sed, it did not appeel to him at all He then appologized for taking small nip off the lobe of my left eer and requested be informed if wanted hair cut
 By this time had inhaled much of Jubs breeth that parsally intoxicated and correspondingly reckless, so told him did want hair cut. Hav- wing determined this question, Jub abandoned for rain problems and settled himself down to a gen nerel discussion of our domestick affairs.
 T shaved Mistur Wilyum J. Kitchens the uther day. sed Jub, "and he surainly is sum wurked up the way this country is drifting into reguer millerterry power He go terrbully exsted about it. sed Jub, "and couldn't hardly keep rum cutting him; I skeered to get round close to his mouth for feer he'd bite it. l humured him. but it didn't do no good; he sed pattering aftur monnarkies and the furst thing the plain peepu would know they'd wake up finding themselves tho serfs of dynasty or sumthng. I told him didn't see much chanse for dynasty in the next electsion cents the Bull Moosurs weer kndur splitter up but he sed didn't know what talking about He sed they wanted to appropryae all the mummy for the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-11-28

ocrati0 parliamentary party to refuse to vote credits for the war. The activists declare that this is as much breach of neutrality as activism itself is. Granting is accused with "championing British in- terests against Sweden Since July II, British negotiators have been here nego- tiating--on and off--on contraband and allied questions The negotiations are secret. Granting says that the British contentious are reasonable and in accord with recognized law. The activists seize this as a pretext to assail Granting as q British agent. Granting retorts that the activists are agents of Kaiser Wilhelm.
 Veil Over Armaments Question
 Swedens other great anti-actiVist, Karl Staaff, was liberal prime minister before Premier Hammarskjold came into power. Staaff fell over the armaments question. The conservative Arm against Russia"
 party organized mass demonstration of peasants. who came to Stockholm palace and proclaimed to the King their willing ness to bear the burden of armaments for the sake of national safety. King Gustav, without consulting his ministers. received and made q speech to them. The cabinet resigned. and Conservative Hammarskjold formed an armaments cabinet. When war broke out Staaff and his liberals abandoned their opposition to the army increase bill. but Staar re- mained pro-entente, and he Is making bit ter attacks on the activists. During the past two months Staaff has addressed seven monster neutralist demonstrations. Activists, says Staaff. are dangerous and insane persons and little less dangerous and insane are the yelled activists who protest they don't want war but exag- gerate minor differences with entente powers into serious grievances for the sake of which Sweden must draw the sword. Staaf's liberal supporters com plain that Premier Hammarskjold is not war enough in his neutrality utterances. They suggest the organization of new
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-11-28

public has billions of feet of fine lum- Der, and that the company's mills are now saving out 100,0o0 to 100000 feet per day.
 Much of the lumber is what is known as the Parana pine. This tree grows to 9 height of 75 feet, and the trunk is as big around as flour barrel. It has no branches except at the top, where the limbs extend out like those of palm, forming a great inverted umbrella of green. The wood is of questionable value on account of it's texture. It Is soft and fibrous, and it soaks up water like a sponge. When first cut, it Is so full of sap it will not float. When dry, it loses 65 per cent of it's weight, but if left out in the open it absorbs the mois- ture, taking in as much as 20 per cent of its weight in a single night. S $40
 The wood is good for interior work only. It is almost free from rosin. ex- cept at the top, where the branches sprout out. There great knobs of tur- rentine are found. When the trees are felled these are sawed off. They make a hot fire, and are used as fuel for the engines. Each knob is the shape of a cocoanut. and quite as large. pile of them looks like a pile of cocoanuts.
 As to the colonization of Brazil and the opening up of it's undeveloped lands for settlement, the country in many re- spects is where the United States was 40 or 50 years ago. and it's growth will probably be along the same lines. Fully one-half of the republic Is made up of high lands, which have climate fitted for white men. There. are vast territo, ries that will raise corn, wheat and pas ture. In climate and character the whole of southern Brazil is like the Arr genuine Republic, and 1t is very much the grain lands, the country has large territories that will produce cotton and tobacco I am told there are 500,000 square miles that will grow cotton, and that the country could raise rice for ex- port.
 It is very questionable, however, whether any of the people of the United States should emigrate to Brazil to en- gage in farming. This is the belief of many of the Americans who live here If they come, they should come in large colonies, taking up considerable lands and bringing the capital necessary to development. As individual settlers they would have to live with people whose language would be difficult to learn, and without which they could have little intercourse or society. The common peo- pie of Brazil understand only the Portu- buese.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-11-28

army and navvy leeve nuthing for posffoses and rivvurs and harburs l have shaved menny grate statesmen resently,' sed Jub, "and don't beleeve that Mir Kitchens represints the veews of menny of them exsept MT. Cawd Bryan. MT. Bryan is peeseful man-he's opposed to war on gennerel prn- sipes; he thinks if have nuthing to fit with we won't fte, and will arbitrate-but the big trubbe about that is feller with gun Is dam site bettur arbitratur than a feller who has gun.
 'I've always notsed," sed Jub with grate fossofy, that big hefty citizen powerful elloquint when in dispute with delicate little runt, but when he has the same kind of difficulty with a man of his size, size bggur, he stammurs wurse than rube in his furst lessun in Frinch."
 What will Congress do about prepairdness?' managed to ask Jub. "Oh, they'll rite througls with it." he sed You see, Jub "theere is lots om memburs of Congress who like to beeeve that the United States can lick ennything frum cage of wild cats up to the Gurman standing army without getting up persprasion, but at the same time they air be- ginning to feel apprehension about it. The wan in Urope' seys Jub "has exploded lot of theeories we had ovver heer-as explodur of theeories the was in Urope has been one bowling success-it has exploded quite numbur of thing incidentally, in
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-11-28
ABOUT BRAZIL'S NEW COLONIES
Washington, D. c.

As for me- do not believe that South America is good place for the Yankee who flocks by himself. The man who comes should bring society with him. and ne should not come without enough capi- tai to give the experiment fair trial. Very few Americans who have emigrated here have made good In the accumula- tion of money or In the attainment of happy lives. Of the hundreds of Amer jeans from the southern states who left our country at the close of the civil war, none of those who came to Brazil did bet ter than he could have done at home and today nearly all the United States citizens who live in and about Villa Americana are more or less dissatisfied.
 In the meantime, the Brazil Railway company has been successful in estab- fishing colonies made up of Europeans and 1t has some colonies that are nomf- nally American. One of these is at Fax ina. That colony has three American families and a large number of Germans and English, having a population alto gether of $500. The colony owns 37.000 acres, about half of which is In timber. The lands have been divided up into farms of from 60 to 100 acres and there are 30 families who are engaged In farm ing and in hog and cattle raising. The company has established a model hog farm there from which it supplies hogs to colonists, allowing them to pay for them on installments. The breeds are Tamworths from England and Poland Chnas and Duroc- Jerseys from Ken lucky. One of the American residents of that colony is an engineer who came to Brazil to work on the railroad. He has 300 acres of land and is doing well with his hogs. Faxina is situated in the state of Sac Paulo at an altitude of 2000 feet above the sea.
 Among the other colonies Of the Bra gil Railway company is one composed al- most entirely of Dutchmen. This Is Ca- rambehy in far southern Brazil It has about 20 families from Holland who are engaged in dairying, cheese making and
 intensified farming. One of the colonists has a model dairy. He has also a cheese factory. where he makes Edam and other cheeses and sells them in the neishboring market for 40 cents pound. Other colonists raise hogs. The commu- nifty is thrifty.
 Another colony along the Brazil rail- way is Nova Galicia, which was visited by former President Roosevelt. Tt has about 1000 inhabitants, all of them Poles. At others of the colonies there are Ger
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-11-28
Erudition, But No Feeling


 On German scholarship Gilbert Mur- ray pronounced the verdict, measured but conclusive. Tho German classicists text editors dictionary makers, com menators~have erudition, but they lack the higher quality of imagination and feeling.
 Where a corrupt reading in a Creek author may be rectified by knowledge Of everything every other Greek author ever wrote, we go to the Germans. Where the correction calls for human insight the Germans will not do.
 Tor anything that can be listed and courted.'' said Professor Murray. T go to the Germans. For feeling. no.'
 If you asked Professor Murray how, outside the domain of specialized learn ing. he could explain away the Germans who have shown capacities for dream Ing, imagining. feeling-the romantics, the mystics, the metaphysicians. he would possibly reply that that was just 1t. Even in these departments of tho human soul that allow neither of men suration nor classification, the German is specialist.
 There have been German mystics. poets. dreamers, but their influence has not leavened the great mass of the Ger man nation so as to give imagination to the German editor of Greek texts or feel- ing to the German classifer of the Anna aon fauna. And if you were to mention Tiaeckel or Ostwald. the answer mignu he that upon their showing since tho war began these men have revealed tho imita ations of their national character. A professor and gentleman. scholar and a poet no, sir, they are not made m Germany.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-11-28
What You Learn
 From Your Barber

cluding few cabinets and prime minnisturs and totturing dynasties theere, but it has maid slite impression cocl-sure posslon in this country that becawse we licked few Indians and Crate Britain, with the aid of few naybors, and poor old Spain when she afflicted with the gout, lumbago and sundry uther complaints, with the aid of Curnel Roosfet and Curnel Bryan himself that can lick ennyboddy. It is beginning to slowly sink into the average mind that perhaps, aftur al that hugh standing army, consisting of the Ruff Rid CTS, Curnel Roosfelt and a hundred thousend men mite have little difficulty in disposing of a half of mlyun of total strangurs if they weer eskonzed in midst with hostile intensions. Of corse, as of our statesmen obsurve, would lick em in the long run but we'd have to do most of the run ming, and while we have pretty big country to run in, they mite hem up aftur while.
 "Frum what gathur," sed Jub, 'the country wants sum improvmints, and if theere is ennythinc that Congress is in ded ernest about It to give tho country just what it wans-the country has got to be humured and that's all theere is to it-and Con. gress is strong on humuring sed country-NEXTp
 Yours trooly
 BILL VINES. Washington D. c.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-11-28

quarrel with the neutralists and with the pro-entent party. Activism is stronger still Gothenburg, for Go- thcnburg has Quarrels with Great Britain over contraband and seizure of ships; and as it cannot get at Great Britain, it would be glad to get at Great Britain's ally. In the coun- try, activism rages fiercest in the northern province of Norrland.
 Norrland owns the iron mines which Eussia-say the activists-wants to seize; it's nearest to Russia and gen erally it is in chronic panic about oossacks marching across the Torean Elf river which divides Sweden from Finland. Under activists stimulus. the hatred and dread of Russia is growing. In this city you cannot walk down the Strandvagen without being seized by Swedish acquaintances, who tell you of Russian spies, of Russian attempts to bribe Swedish newspapers and of Russian torpedoboats seen in the Skargarden Archipelago. Most of the stories are imag gined. But Sweden's love and independence and dread of Russia are morbid. The activists ex- ploit the love and the dread. They have convinced thousands of Swedes that the only way to solve the Rus sian" danger is to join with Russia's g foes.
 Granting is the most prominent Swed- ish friend of the entente. He is clever writer 8 good speaker. magnetic. and much in earnest: but not always discrete. Granting is organizing series of pro- test meetings against the activists He denounces activism as madness. Lately Granting made an investigation tour through all the chief belligerent states and he came back proclaiming that the entente was in the right, and that Ger many must be crushed. The conserva- tives and the activists have started fierce attacks on Branting. A Hamburg social ist newspaper complained that Granting when in Germany advised the social dem
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-11-28

who proposed intervention on either side would have been considered insane. There were no activist newspapers and no ac- twist readers. Today at least half of the Swedes are either avowed war men or secret supporters of the avowed war men. The activist general staff agitates in the army; contributes free articles to the press; collects and spreads the ex- periences of Swedes who are fighting as volunteers for Germany; and keeps up a fierce fire of rhetorical artillery against the neutralist traitors. and it prepares elaborate estimates of the military sit- uation. proving incontestably that d war against Russia would be brief, glorious, profitable, while a continued maintenance of inglorious peace will reduce Sweden to the miserable plight of Belgium.
 Activist of all the activists are the professors. Chief of them are Prof. Gus tav Steffen and Prof. Rudolf KJellen. Steffen is Sweden's greatest expert on so- ciaI politics; also Sweden's greatest au- thority on English affairs. After living the best part of his life in England, he came back here at the beginning of the war and wrote two pro-German volumes called war and Culture. War and Gull ture' proclaimed that England Is respon- sible for the war. It pleased Germans SO much that they offered Steffen a pro- fessorial chair at Gottingen. At first Steffen was platonically on Germany's s side. Later, he got in with a group of fiery publicists, soldiers bored by inac- tivity, and ardent brother professors; and the result was active pro-Germanism. which took the form of an agitation for Swedish participation in the war
 The group produced an anonymous book called 'Sweden's Policy as Enlightened bv the World War" which expounded the gospel of actiism. Six editions were sold in six weeks. Never had such 9 stir been made The book proclaimed that Swedens tame neutrality is stu pid blunder and expectations; that Stock holm's foreign office is miserably supine
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-11-28

The government of Brazil both national and state. is doing all 1t can to encourage immigration. Nearly every large port has its immigrant hotel, where the new arrivals are housed and advised as to localities. In many cases they are given free transportation to their destinations on coasting steamers and the railways. If they want work, contracts are made for them with the planters, and the gov- ernment watches to see that they are rot oppressed. Such immigrants as wish to acquire lands for farms are assisted fr the selection by interpreters, which inform them of the crops each section will raise and tell them about such mat ters as transportation and the distance from the markets.
 w The government also loans money to immigrants, and it has arrangements by which they can buy land on installments. After the first debt has been paid the settler may add to his holding from the lands adjoining. Houses are built for the immigrants by the government on credit, and in some cases seeds and tools are distributed gratis. As soon as a settle ment begins to be peopled medical ser vice is organized, schools are established and interpreters are provided to obviate the difficulties of the language
 Before the war broke out the govern ment of Brazil was subsidizing steamers for the transportation of immigrants, and if I remember correctly the annual sub sidy was something like $300,000 a year. The most of this went to certain lines which ran between Italy and this coun- try carrying passengers to Pernambuco, Bahia and Santos.
 As to the government colonies there are now in existence something like 3S, scattered throughout the various states. Of these IS are supported by the nation and seven by the states with federal as- sistance.' Six others are supported by the state and navigation companies alone, and seven by. the states without any as- sistance from the government. All of these colonies are doing well. The most of them have public schools and medical officials connected with them. On some the government has established demon- stration farms and also depots for giv- ing out agricultural machinery and tools. At present between 10000 and 100000 acres are being cultivated by such colonists and the market value of their crops runs an- nually well up into the millions.
 Within the past few years new colo nization movement has come to Brazil. This proposes that the country should be opened up after the same methods as
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-11-28

are now used in the Canadian west. The beginning of this movement was through the Brazil Railway company. It has brought down some of the leading Ca madam immigration officials. and 1t is es- tablishing colonies along Its lines of rail- way extension. The work is not active now on account of the financial compli- cations created by the war. The com- pany is temporarily in the hands of re- ceivers, but the property is q great one and it will probably figure largely in the future of Brazil
 The Brazil Railway company is Amer ican in name. It works under a charter issued by the state of Maine, and its packers are leading capitalists of France England, Canada and the United States Percival Farquhar of New York is the president and chief manager, and the most of it's active workers are Americans. The company has altogether over 3O0C miles of track in the southern part of Brazil. and more than 4000 in active oper- ation throughout the republic. Among its plans are roads to the westward which will unite Paraguay and Matto Crosse
 
 open up the pastures and timber lands of the south. It expects to populate the territories along its extensions.
 In these movements both the national and state governments are anxious to assist. When MT. Farquhar got the right to build the railway he was given large concessions of lands for colonization pur- poses from the several states through which it passed. He was awarded more than 100000 acres of such lands in south ern Brazil and it is these that the rail way company expects to open up to set clement. The lands are of all descrip- tions. Some are good for pasture, some for general farming and some have for ests of pine. Already a number of col 3nies have been established, and there will be others as soon as the world is again moving along the paths of peace.
 Notwithstanding the receivership, the railway company is gradually complet- ing it's different undertakings. It has already established a packing house here at Sac Paulo, which will eventu- ally be supplied by cattle raised in Matto Crosse. It has built cold storage warehouse at Rio, and the port and har- Dor works in Rio Grande do Sul are being constructed. I am told that the Brazil Lumber company, one of the subsidiaries of the Brazil Railway company. is now arriving at a paying stage of it's devel- opment. This company deals with the timber regions of southern Brazil. The officials report that that part of the re-