davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26
Remlnder Oh Old pays.

Omaha Bee: The heading, "Rich
Placer Strike in Hills" must bring
back to old timers memories of other
days, Of the satmpedes which followed
each such announcement, when the
wilderness suddenly resounded with
the voices of struggling and hopeful
humanity, dance halls. saloons and
gambling places sprang up where but
few days before only the wild crea-
lures of nature held sway, where
some hopes were realized and those
OF the many were blasted. only to re-
yive again with the same announce
ment from another quarter. The
placer in those days was the poor
mans game, for the capital required
was only meager grub stake. pick,
shovel. pan and few simple imple-
ments, backed by courage. Drawn and
q hope that never faltered. What a
fascinating story collaboration of
those newspaper accounts Of the old
mining days would be. II all those
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26
MAIL BOXES MUST
BEAR YOUR NAME
Such 10 Ruling Sent In Circular From
United States Postal
Authoritiss.

Ppstmasters throughout the country
arc receiving from the fourth assistant
postmaster general a new ruling, pro-
vidtng that every patron of rural
route shall have the name printed in
q legible manner on his mail box. And
shall also have the number of the box.
which shall be given by the rural car
rer printed plainly on the box
Rural carriers VIII deliver to each
patron the number OF his box and no.
tees Of the new ruling. II the In
structiona are not complied with, a
second request will be made. and II
this is not needed, the carrier will be
instructed to discontinue delivery OF
mail and the patron will have to get
mail at the general delivery window.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26
BALKANS.
CONTINUED from page -

stsntinoSle can be cut 1T Sofa az ef-
fectiyeiy as az any poIn. in Serbia and
the campaign NigI have the additional
acysrf5ge 81 striking sutgarjs's 3ytals.
Grnoy officers point out that an al
lied snvasicB Of Bulgaria viii compel
the frarre6ia4e recall Of the Euigsr
ferces IN serbia, compel an advance OF
TIRE Germans into the same territory
IN ceferse Of the line 20 Const2ntjn-
cSl@ and give the Serts an opportun-
Ity 10 STRIKE the invaders CT their own
cSanfry on the fianh.
This r,cOId leave Serbia 70 clear
her cSn sell Of enemies, hrt With the
latter engaged In desperate struggle
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26
Not . Dark Horse Possibility.

St. Louis 0obe-Democrat: IL Jus
tice Hughes should resign from tns
bench tomorrow there would De !,
speedy whitening Of mushroom cahal'
dacies. In light OF his telegram 70
Mr.. Root In 1912. 1t is, however. use.
less to consider his candidacy unless
he resigns. In that telegram ne no.
only said that no judge should DC
candidate for any except judicial oi]
nee, but he declared that no man
should be nominated for president un,
less his name had been passed upon
by the people when electing ,nelr G ms,s
gates to the national convention ln.a
removes him as dark horse posi-,
bility. He will either formally app ~
to have his name withdrawn from ~
Nebraska ballot or resign from 'n'
bench.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26

steady. Yeariings. ss.o0e6.5e: ve,h.
ers. $5.n095-75; lambs, ss.s0as75.
ewes. s5.4o@S.55.
Chicago Produce.
CHICAGO, Nov. 2s.-Bu.tsr-r,.
tras. 31c: firsts. Soc: dairy extras, a
G2sc. dairy frsts, 23a24c
Egg-Firsts. 2shGzs14c; ordinary
frsts. 2Sta 977he.
Cheese - Twins, I5x a1sxe.
Young Americas. 1691s4c.
Live poultry-Fowls. sA61Ir
ducks. 12913hc: geese, 13c; spring
chickens, 12c: turkeys. 1591sc.
Potatoes-Receipts Is cars; Mime.
sofas. cog 65c per bu-; Wisconsin,, s.
0Soc per bu.
New York Produce.
NEW YORK, Nov. es.-Nogir mar
ket dull. unsettled.
Pork market firm. Mess, s17.5OaH
1900. II
Lard market strong. Middle west
spot, $9.45Gs,S5. -
Sugar, raw, market steady. Cent?
fugal test, $4-s3; Muscarado 50 test
$4.o6.
Sugar. refined. market steady. Cut
Loaf. $3.50; crushed. $3.50; powdered.
500: graduated, 5000 SOS.
Coffee Rio No. Z on spot, 7Sc.
Tallow strong. City 7izc; country.
tx QSAc: specials. s5sc. h
Hay market firm. Prime, si35: NJ
3, S1.OoQ1.1o, clover, s1.oo31.lo.
Dressed poultry market unsettled.
Chickens, I6G soc: turkeys, l4Gsoc:
fowls, 121lT1zc; ducks, 13G1sc.
Live poultry market steaoy. Geese.
13G14c: ducks, 15617c; fowls. $50
l5c; turkeys, 1920; roosters, llhs,
chickens. l3hg15c.
Cheese market strong. State milk,
common to special. 12hG16ac;
Skins common to specials. 5G14c.
Butter market quiet Receipts &
ZOO creamery extras. 33c; dairy tubs,
22@31c; imitation creamery hrsts'
73@34c.
Egg market quiet. Receipts sol.
Nearby white fancy. 500 nearby
mixed fancy, 3S@45c; fresh, s5q4Sc.
New YORK Money Market
NEW YORK. Nov. 26--Money %
call, percent.
Sir months. 2z9s percent
Mercantile paper, 3 percent
Bar silver London. 2fd.
Bar silver New York, sc.
Demand sterling. $4.6sA.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26
GERMANY

four thousand towns burned and mil
lions OF men, women and children
starving, Poiand's condition 10 more
desperate than was Beigium's At the
worst, Director Vernon l. Kellogg, Of
the Belgian relief commission, told
American Ambassador Gerard today.
Director Kellogg has just finished
= thorough investigation Of the polish
situation and his conference with Ger.
ard was with view 70 securing aid
for the Nretched people,
He talked In Warsaw, he said, with
Governor General Won Besseler, sua
pestfng an arrangement for shipmen,
81 bscon, lard, peas and beans Into
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26

expansion takes place without undue effect
upon tho nerves. And rs the time ap.
proaches. the mind has gone through q pc.
Rod OF rcposc, Of gentle expectancy, and
this has an ungucstloned influence upon tho
future child. That this Is true Is evidenced
By tho fact that three generations Of mothers
have used and recommended Mothers
bottle Of this splendid remedy. lie win ret
q Tor you. And then write to Bradheld Reg.
ulator Co.. 4o7 Lamar Bldg, Atlanta, Ca,
for most interesting book Of information
% prospective mothers. II II mailed free.
Write today. II 70 Q book you wiz enjoy.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26
Late Market Quotations

Chicago Estimates for Tomorrow
FURNISHED by Long Commission Co.
4Aza- Main Telephone No 1907
Hogs, 1900: cattle. 500, sheep, g.
900; wheat lsS, corr, AIS: oats. 2ei
Liverpool Close
Wheat 74G1 lower, corn. higher:
oats. y lower.
ciearaness-
Wheat and -four. I,s4o. 900; corn.
I1sLNvo, osts. 1o47. eoa-
North~ess sNhas4 Rsesipta
Minneapolis, 1887 cars: Duluth. L.
4ee cars: Winnipeg, 3.o5s CARS.
Chicago Cash Grain.
CHICAGO, Nov. 26--Wheat-No- .
red, slesG1-11: No red. $1-s.A q
]. 0e1s- No hard, S1e44. No. 5
spring. 93c0s10l-
Corn-No- yellow. szGssc: No 4
yeIlow. SPY @64Ac: No. 5 yellow.
5sH a SEC, No yellow, Soc; No 2
white. s5Ac; No. white. 63k9
sac: no. 4 white. S1A Gs3c; No. 5
white. 6oQs SIC; No. 8 white. Soc
No mixed, s306sAc; No MIXED.
6zA Gss3sc: No. mixed. coo s9i4c:
No mixed, $50 5si1e-
white, 3sE Gs7c; standard. 400
4ohc-
Peoria Grain
PEORIA, Ill. Nov. 26.-Corn-Mar-
ket unchanged No. 8 white. e3Ac:
No. 4 white, s15t @s2c: No. S white.
6o9soisc: No. white. Ssh 65sAc;
No. yellow, s3nc; No yellow, 81 u
0s2Lc 9. No. yellow. s0sk9sIc-
Oate---arket Nc higher. No.
white, 3s1Ac; No. ( white, 35xc:
standard, 37Ac-
ct. Louis Cash Grain.
furnished by Long Commission Co..
1921 Main. Telephone No. 1907
81. LOUIS. Mo-. Nov. zs.-Wheat-
No red, new, s1.1291.16; No red.
new. s1679L12: No. 2 hard. old.
S1.o4
corn-No. 2. s4@s41c; No. 3. CSC:
No. 3 yellow. size: No. 2 white. SIC:
No. 8 white. SIC; No. 4 white, 611zc.
35hc. No. white. 371z 036c; No. (
white. 3sc.
kansas City Cash Grain.
furnished by Long Commission Co,
1929 Main Telephone No. 100.3
KANSAS CITY, Nov. 26.-wheat-
No. z hard, new. $10z; NO. 3 hard.
new, s6c4 S1.01: No. hard. new. SIC
Ts5c; No. 2 red. new. $1.09; No.
red, new. s10001.OS; No. 4 red, new.
s59s2c-
Corn-No. 2. ez0611kc.
Oats-No. 3. 3sc; No 2 white. $50
37c: No. white. 3503sc; No. { white
35c.
Chicago Live Stock.
CHICAGO, Nov. ze-Hog receipts
$1,000: market slow, &c lower: mixed
and butchers, y5.9o@6.s0; good heavy
3e.a09z6.6S: rough heavy, 5000
s.35; light, 35.6506-*o: pigs. $3.50
SIS.
Cattle receipts 1000: market
steady Beeves, $5.7501O55; cows
and heffers. $2.709s.00: Texans, sells
Q7.00; calves. S6.25G10.00.
Sheep receipts 1900; marke
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26
TURKEY

limited Press Leased Wire Service
BERLIN, fsia SaysiIie WireIess)
Nov. ga holy war against the
French has been called In >iciers BY
Emir Abdul Mzfikr grandson Of the
famous Algerian Enir Abdul kadir.
according to constantinopie advices
today. Many Arab cfiestairs are said
to be responding to the summons.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26
fraternity! The . ;.
Word of Words
II Is written into LIES expectations that
motherhood Is the one sublime accom-.

plishment. And II
there II anything, no
matter how simple,
how apparently trivial
IL may seem, IF II can
Md, help, assist or In
any way comfort tho
expectant mother. It II
q blessing. And such
Is a remedy called
mothers Erie nd.~
You apply II over tho
stomach muscles. It II
gently rubbed on tho
surface, and makes
the mrlec1ea nliauf.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26
Makeup al : Feature.

Paullfna Times: One thing which
good newspaper men strive for is a
nice makeup" in their pages. BY
this Is meant symmetrical arrange
ment OF reading matter with properly
balanced headings. The object OF the
makeup is to make the paper more
readable. We wonder sometimes II
the people who read the newspapers
appreciate the difference between the
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26
Suspicious Of the Packers.

Fremont Tribune: Did the big pack
ers boost the price Of live hogs SO as
to sell their warehousefEls OF packed
stun at stir price? And then. hay-
ing sold 1t. did they reduce the price
on live hogs couple of dollars hun
dred in order to fill up the ware
houses again With cheap stun? There's
a horrible suspicion.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26
Omaha Live stock.

paper which II well made up and the
one which IL put together with q
shovel. We get some which are 30
thoroughly taDabfed that We don't see
how anyone has the patience 10 wade
through
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26
weak. 1oc lower. Native. $6.00G6.4o:
western, s6.l0@6.50; lambs. $7-159
e.75; western, S7.3009-30.

Chicago Live Stock Close.
Furnished by Long Commission Co.
402ia Main. Telephone No 1o0-1
CHICAGO. Nov. 76.-Hog receipts
1900: market 1ec lower. Mixed and
butchers, $5-soG6-so; good heavy.
$6-2o66.s2; rough heavy, $S-z096-SS;
Cattle receipt. 1000; market
steady: top s10-55.
Sheep receipts $4,000: market log
25c lower; top $3.50. Lambs. top
1880.
81. Louis Lssr stock.
EAST ST. LOUIS, Nov. 1o-Cattle
receipts 1900; market strong. Texas
receipts 500; native beef steers. $3.50
g10-20: yearling steers and heifers.
sS-5091o.20: cow S5.50@7.oo; stock
ers and feeders. 35.o097-25: calves.
| S60oG16.50; Texas steers. $3.50
$50; COWS and heifers, $40v46-50.
Hog receipts 1850; market 5910e
| Mixed and butchers. $s.30Gs.75:
| good to heavy. se.7oa6,Ia: rough.
Ss.0oa6.15: light, 1925 G6-55; bulk.
! se.25@6.eo: pigs, 100000
| Sheep receipts 800; sheep and
| ewes, S5.5sR<.25; rixmbs, $s-254915.
yeariings. $6-o017-s0.
Kansas City Live Stock.
| KANSAS CITY, Nov. 26.-Cattle re-
ceipts 1900; market steady. Steers,
SS.5o09.75: cows and heifers, $4,000
500; stockers and feeders. $500
i7.75; calves. $6.0eGs.50.
| Hog receipts 1000; market Sc low
| er. Bulk, S6.50@6.60: heavy. $500
6.65; medium. S6-400s-65; light.
Sheep receipts 5000; market
steady. Lambs. ss.2508.75: ewes.
S47505.s5: wethers. 34-259s.25.
Omaha Live Stock.
OMAHA. Nov. 26.-CattleI receipts
1900: market steady. Steers. $5-25
$1,000; COWS and heifers. $3.5006.75;
| stoEkers And feeders, $6-25Q765:
calves, &6.0009.50: bulls and stags.
| @L150s.z5.
Hog receipts 500; market steady.
1o@15c lower. Bulk. $6.z506.so; top.
$3.50.
! sheep receipts 1890: market
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26
Il Il I.n.t one, It,s Another.

SSfFtf - =
Roife Arrow: With Sanford White
dead and Harry Thaw forgotten. and
Jack Johnson and his wife. in other
clines. we quite fondIy hoped that
the mantle OF American charity would
not be further stretched for season
Of time And now, up hobs Frank
Lloyd Wright again Heck.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26

Just outside her frontier, French STRAIT
esists believe she can still n1uster suf-
Ncient strength TO accomplish this.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26

Not Keen for the P. M. g. =.
Cedar Rapids Republican, Nv
postoffice department under bufie'0A
has become something OF JOKE
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26

dreams of gold had been realized the
now precious metal would be so COM
mon that few would worship at us
shrine.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26

nent Ia It's foreign relatiors.
Ford Changes Plans.
NEW YORK, Nov. 90 Ford
changed his plans at the last mo
nent today, bis secretary announced.
Instead of seeing Cardinal Gibbons
at Baltimore, he went direct TO Wash
ingt0n. He will confer with the car
dfnal tomorrow, sfter the conference
with the president
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26
Weather Conditions.

The western storm has moved slow
lly since Wednesday, and the trough OF
low pressure covers the Mississippi
,volley this morning. where warm
weather has been followed by heavy
rains, extending from New Orleans to
La Crosse.
The weather is cloudy and threaten
ing In the central valleys this morn
ing, and fair in the eastern states,
where the barometer is high.
The weather is fair, with freezing
Temperature on the eastern slope OF
the Rockies, and warmer In the north
ern mountain states, where another
depression has developed. while the
pressure is high in the southwestern
states.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26
THE WEATHER.

For Keokuk and vicinity: Fair to
night and Saturday. Cooler tonight
Warmer Saturday.
For Iowa: Fair tonight and Satur-
day. Cooler extreme east and warmer
northwest portions tonight. Warmer
Saturday
For Iowa: Fair tonight and Satur-
day Cooler extreme east and warmer
northwest portions tonight Warmer
Saturday 80
For Missouri: Generally fair tonight
and Saturday. Cooler, east portion to-
night. Rising temperature Saturday.
For Illinois: Unsettled with rain
this afternoon and southeast portion
tonight. Cooler tonight. Saturday
partly cloudy.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26
EVERY NATION WOULD
WELCOME PEACE

CONTINUED from page L.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-11-26
River Bulletin.

The river Will rise rapidly from
Davenport TO Keokuk during the next
&c hours, then slowly until Monday.
Local observations.
Nov. Bar.Ther-W1nd-W weather.
25 T b. m. !. % SIS 81 w 1t Rain
26 7 a. m. :. 90. 63 Al NV 1t Rain
Precipitation Ca hours) inch. 80
hundredths.
/ Mean temperature, Nov. IS. 50.
Highest. So.
Lowest, so. t5
Lowest last night. Al.
FRED 2. GosEWIsCH.
Observer.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-19
Mexico Drifts Further Into Anarchy.

Another provisional President has taken fight
from Mexico City First Huerta went, then Car
baial. then Carranza. Now it is Gutierrez's turn,
and nobody can tell how soon Cara, Gutierrez S
successor. will head for the coast. These quick
shifts in control according to President Wilson's
indianapolis speech are only incidents in the
process by which the Mexican people are deter
mining their own form of government But less
elfdeceived Americans will see in them nothing
but phases in the tragedy of military license now
being staged in Mexico by greedy leaders and fac
tons. all intent on grabbing what they can before
the country sinks into complete misery and an
archy
What have the Mexican people to do with the
ouarrels over the spoils now raging between chief
tains who. under a more settled regime, were
either soldiers of fortune or bandits? The only
body which resembles an instrument of centralized
authority in Mexico is the military convention
which elected Gutierrez, and. having elected him,
has now elected Cara. Yet it has shrunk to
about half its original size through assertions and
secessions. It represents now only the union OF
the Villa and Zapata factions, and 1t is hard TO
say how long Villa and Zapata will remain allies
Mexico has been many times before prey to
revolution, factonalism and anarchy. But from
the regime of Diaz, of Madero, or even Of Huerta,
what swift and deep descent to the barbarous
conditions which prevail under Villa, Carranza
and Zapata! Unfortunately, the United States
cannot escape moral responsibility for having
fastened the approach of anarchy. Nor does it
help much now for the administration to try to
wash its hands of blame and to say that all the
trouble which now aff1icts Mexico is due to the
efforts of the Mexican people TO exercise the in
herent right of determining their own form of
government"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-19
Mr.. Walsh and the Social Service Foun'
dationS
government.

The federal Commission on Industrial Relations
began Yesterday an investigation of the big educa
tional and social service foundations whose head
quarters are in this city 1t is proper that an in
curry should be made into the scope of the work
which these foundations do and the terms of the
charters under which they operate. What should
be the relation of these organizations to the
government, state or federal, is public question.
1t has been freely debated in Congress when acts
incorporating such bodies were pending. No OBJ
lection can be made TO an inquiry intended to
increase public knowledge of the functions of
these bodies and the exact nature Of the public
service which they perform.
But no investigation will be worth much If 1t
is inspired by the prejudice and narrowness of
spirit exhibited by the chairman of the commits
sion, Mr.. Frank P. Walsh in his speech at the
East Side Forum on Sunday evening. Mr.. Walsh
seems to think that the fact that the funds of
these foundations are invested in certain indus
tries makes it difficult to improve labor conditions
in those industries. That is fantastic suppo-
siton. The foundations not run for private
profit. Their income goes to the public, and If 1t
is reduced by changes in labor conditions nobody
suffers but the public There is no reason at all
why the foundation should be hard taskmaster.
1t has much less nducement to resist laws ncreas-
ing costs of operation than has individual
looking out for his personal profit.
Moreover, what could be more absurd than Mr..
Walsh's proposal that the government should buy
out the foundations and do their work? The
large amount of capital invested in these or
CARNATIONS is already dedicated to public uses
Why should the government seek TO return that
capital to its donors and replace it with funds
raised by taxation? That would simply mean
investing twice as much money and producing
exactly the same result.
The fault with the position which Mr.. Walsh
takes is that it gives credit whatever to indi-
viduals who have generously diverted vast sums
to the public benefit. Nothing but a sense of duty
10 the community compels man to use his money
that way. If he wanted to combat the ameliora-
ton of labor conditions he could do 1t much better
bv keeping the funds in his own control.
The foundations which Mr.. Walsh recklessly
attacks have been Of immense public value. Every
sensible man recognizes that fact and respects the
motive with which those gifts have been made.
There may be defects in the operative methods Of
some foundations and the charters may need to
be standardized being either narrowed or broad
ened as public interest may seem TO demand. But
il is absurd to rage against these organizations as
essentially maevolent and oppressive In dong
so Mr.. Walsh simply brings discredit on an IN
yestigation which can be useful only II UNDER
taken open-mindedly and in good faith.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-19
The Municipal Ci,il Service Comm's'
sion's Good Work.

The annual report of the Municipal CNll ser
vice Commission. lust sent to the State CivIl ser
vice Commission. sets forth the results OF year
Of hard reorganization work. Those results are
substantial Efficiency Of work 10y the Office force
has been promoted and saving Of money has been
produced by change in the method of advertising
examinations The standard of examinations mas
been raised notably and the commission mas Cd
tanned the cooperation of experts IN various lines
in the holding Of these examinations. The finger
print system of identification has been extended
TO the labor class. preventing impersonation and
fraud. \ tight rein has been held ON the ex-
ornption of places-amost too tight, The Tribune
thought. when exemption Of various secretary
sbips for special committees of the Board OF rs
innate was denied
This summary Of facts presents very difter'
ent picture of the principles and operations of the
commission from that painted in the 'nvestlga-
ton" of il conducted by the State Civil Service
Commission. There never was much mlsunder-
standing of the character of that investigation
and what lay behind it or much faith in the
accusations against the local body. The state
commission soon goes out of Office. Its members
presenting forced designations to the Governor
The municipal commission will 60 on doing good
work for the merit system.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-19
Gone West.

The common phrase at the front in the British
army for the death of comrade has 1t that he
is going west" In due course the usage has
drifted home, and now fair-sized controversy
has arisen in "The London Times" over the mean
ing and origin Of the words. Obviously the idea
is ancient rather than modern. go west, young
man." is the modern American version Of an idea
which Bishop Berkeley expressed century ear
lier in his line Westward the course of empire
takes its way" For the contrary view, that the
west is a place of darkness and mystery SIM
pier and more primitive age must be sought.
The first correspondent Of THE London Times"
found the desired idea in the Odyssey. The con-
ception Of the Western Ocean as the place of all
mysteries was natural enough in a world that
ended at the Pillars of Hercules. Other learned
correspondents have proceeded 10 point out the
obvious truth that the idea was not confined TO
HeIlas. but existed among countless peoples, from
the Dayaks up, including the ancient Egyptians
and Babylonians. Undoubtedly the idea of sun
rise and sunset of darkness in the west is re-
sponsible for this broad, primitive origin.
As often with folklore, Celtic sources give the
pithiest examples One writer thinks that the
phrase at the front must have first fallen from
the lps Of Munstermen, among whom it Is every
day speech as it Pat O'Sullivan? Poor fellow,
he's gone yyesht" Even lost shilling is gone
west. Food and drink are sent west: e. e., of a
bottle Of stout, Put it wesht and come ann wild
We" Oddly enough, the commentators can find
little reference 10 the idea in early English lltera
ture. Only one is cited. some West Midland verses,
dated about 1900 and running thus n modern
lied form
Women and many goody wight
A. wind and water gone west
Even Wordsworth has been cited in the con-
troversy, but most of the writers concede that
Tommy Atkns's acquaintance with the Lake