davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-18
fight. where lances and bayonets are
used the loss OF men and horses Is

used the loss OF men and horses Is
about equal.
At Waterloo in q regiment OF artil-
lery Of the English army e47 men and
SS4 horses were killed, while the cav
airy loss of several regiments combined
was 4,040 men and 4.T3s horses. Dur.
ing the Franco-Prussian war for every
one hundred cavalrymen killed and
wounded one hundred and thirteen
horses were SO disabled that they
died, while for every one hundred ar
tillerymen one hundred and thirty:
three horses were killed.
Weights Carried BY Cavalry Mounts.
The weight carried by the cavalry
horse Of the different nations OF the
present war varies nsiderably, con-
seuuently captured horses In many in
stances have to be fitted in by the
victors in an entirely different ca
pacity from that for which they were
Originally used. The regular Russian
calvary are armed with sword, rife
and bayonet and forty rounds Of am
munition, two days raticns for the
rider and two days rations for the
horse. q cloak, an entrenching tool,
spare horse shoes, horse blanket, q
canvas bucket and a mess tin, The
whole equipment weighs about two;
hundred and nineteen pounds. so
The Indian troop horse when ready
for war has two hundred and thirty
six pounds of equipment packed on.
his back. The German. French and.
Austrian horses are weighted down
with from two hundred and ninety to.
three hundred and ten pounds. The
British caYalfyman hes his rifle. con-.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-18
How HeIsR ruited, and
the TreatmentHe Re
ceives All the
/ Front.

bodies of their dead masters. The
Red Cross workers recently came
across an example OF this on one OF
the French battlefields. They were
attracted by a riderless horse standing
alone among the dead and wounded.
and al they approached The animal
put his head down. touching the man
who was lying In front OF him gently.
as II to awaken him. The Red Cross
man found that the rider. Q German
officer, had been lifeless for come time.
When those whose duty 1t "a to dis
pose Of the dead came on the scene
ana lifted the dead officer to the
wagon and started for the trench.
where they were burying the sole
diers,. the horse followed his pas
ter's body to the grave. The
faithful animal was later turned over
to the French army. As q large NUM-
Der Of officers went into battle on
their own riding horses stories Illus
tratins the devotion Of the horse to
it's master will I'LL volumes before the
war ends. ~
More than four hundred thousand
horses were .expended's in, the Beer
war which was little more than .
skirmish when compared with the
present struggle. and II makes one
shudder to think OF what the waste
Of animals will be before the dawn OF
peace. Next to man, the horse Is the
greatest victim Of this awful con-
fict.
The Purple Cross.
The Society Of the Purple Cross
a society which was organized to min
lister to the needs OF animals, = at
present trying to obtain permission
from the different nations TO be all
lowed to send veterinary surgeons and
a horse ambulance to the ba&tledelds
for the purpose Of putting an end to
the sufferings Of the poor wounded
animals that have contributed their
share OF the sacrifice for some coiin-
try. England 10 willing to grant the
privilege and has asked the other pow
ers to. extend the terms OF the. Geneva
Convention and protect the Purple
Gross as well as the Red Cross IN
their work. = VS.
The world viii endorse such
movement, for all hearts must g, out
to this faithful animal who ata sig
nal from his rider rushes up to the
blazing cannon Just as freely az he
scampers over green deld.s Germans,
English, Russians and French are all
alike to him. He fights and dies for
thefman who rides him. He Ibelongs
to'an mankind. serving them faithfully
In peace and war. and this Is the way
they treat hint * q
Those;whos line OF, duty takes them
1.-The feid' after battles declare that
the honelaRa nSsnnv =. Al chs Srrnt,rdefd
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-18


and It was no uncommon thing to see
q soldier leading a limping horse to
the nearest shoeing place whilst from
his saddle ,dangled, the hoofs. OF a dead
horse which he had cut on FOR the
sake OF the shoes. At that time shoes
were used over and over. y
Training Horses. s
Training horses for battle Is not all
ways an easy task. for some animals
absolutely refuse to 8 go In circle.
while others will not take 4 ditch.
There lis still another. class which,
never get over the fear OF shots and
rear about; at the sound of q gun n
such q. way as to throw their riders.
A horse OF this type Is a. disturbing
element and one likely to cause Z
stampede. Then again. horses are
found that are yeritable soldiers. for
they win plunge into the tliiclest OF
the fight and often become almost un-
controilable in their mad dash at the
enemy
Annmbers OF incidents are recorded
af horses stHndisis r,iard over tho
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-18
Copyright 1915. by The international
Syndicate.
The Horse Next To Man
lsWar's Greatest Vic
tim The Purple
Cross.
The Two Valentine.

t1lHE loss Of horses in the present
war has already become a prob
lem, one which will grow more
serious as the terrible struggle
drags on. Already thousands Of
horses have been killed or have died
from exhaustion and starvation and
the belligerents are seeking remounts
= In the neutral countries.
Horses fit for army purposes are not
easily obtained in great numbers, for
they must be at least five or six years
OF age and of o certain weight and
height in order to meet the different
requirements of cavalry. artillery and
{ transportation.
Germany and Austria are trying to
secure remounts from Norway, Swe-
den and Denmark. A few were pur-
chased from Switzerland during the
first month of the war. but they were
nearly all killed during the Belgian
campaign. AT the time of the declara-
non OF war the total number of horses
an the German and Austrian Empires
was 100000. This, of course, In
Guided all those in tho army and in
domestic service as well.
The four allied nations had over
2e,000,0 900 to draw from, but they, too,
are buying animals from the other
countries. especially from the United
States and Canada. Belgium had over
100000 when the war began, but
nearly all Of these are dead or have
been captured by the Germans.
The cost of shipping animals to the
war zone is said to be about forty
collars per head. According 10 tho
regulations OF the United States horses
can be shipped only on vessels which
are equipped with pens and ventila-
tors Of q certain size and kind. Sew
erl Of the steamship companies have
found 1t profitable to convert their
decks and holds into horse carriers
and are rushing these dumb beasts
to their death in that awful European
\ daughter house with all possible
speed.
May Be Robbins Our Cavalry.
This shipping OF horses in such great
! numbers presents serious problem
to',the ouartermaster's Department Of
z the United States army as the Depart
!, ment is now compelled to pay an adj
vance OF seventeen dollars. per head
Z over last years price for young horses
which viii be unfit for use for two
years,
The size Of the artillery horse Is
Of the greatest importance and one
\ used for pulling light battery artillery
must be fifteen and one-half hands in
4 height and weigh not less than one
thousand and seventy-five pounds. A
+ wheeler's height must be sixteen and
4 cneshalf hands and his weight In the
neighborhood Of thirteen hundred and
thirty pounds 94f
military experts declare that. reck-
les Driving and improper feeding kill
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-18

healing the son OF Grafton. the rheto-
rician. A year Later the healer was
choked to death on a fish bone. In
due course Of time he was canonized
and became known as the saint who
took under his particular patronage
persons suffering from epilepsy, and
people who were afflicted with this
malady. especially Italians and Ger.
mans, prayed to him for relief.
Away back In the days OF the pa
guns the classic Lupercalia was cele-'
brated in honor of Pan and Juno.
sometimes being known as the Juno
Februta- Many writer's who have
searched the pages OF history for the
origin Of this true lovers day declare
that our Valentines Day II merely
the Christianized form OF the old Ro-
man feast. Others declare that the
birds choose their mates on February
fourteenth and that from this fact
came the custom Of young men and
maidens choosing valentines on that
day. While this is a pretty sentiment
It IS hardly SO plausible as the one
declaring It to be form OF the old
Lupercalia.
Loves Lottery.
So; in describing the observances or
old Valentine customs brief sketch
of one particular part OF the feast
should be included. This was known
as Loves Lottery" The student in
history Is familiar with the fact that
everything done in Ancient Rome was
carried out on a grand scale, and this
part Of the Lupercalia observance was
no exception. At that time hundreds
OF young women (debutnntes) ap-
peared wearing their best clothes.
They sat in rows of fower-bedecked
chairs while their names were put into
o box. These names were. then drawn
out by the young men. AZ each man
drew a name he sought out the girl
and led her out for dance. The res.
Of the evening was spent in games Of
forfeit and in love-malsing. Human
nature was the same In those days as
It is today and after awhile the unde-
sirable. element crepts IN and the be-
havior Of some Of the couples led to
SO many scandals in Roman society
that the Christian clergy tried to sup
press the whole affair. Not being able
to do this they did succeed in putting
an end to the lottery. although the
feast Of dancing. wine drinking and
love making continued. The men. of
the church persuaded the authorities
to substitute the name of a saint In
stead Of living being. and when
the young men drew out the name
he was urged to pray to that particu-
lar saint during the coming year.
While perhaps 1t did put On; end to
some of the disgraceful scenes It
proved q failure. for the young men
after year or two declared they
preferred flesh and blood to saints
and they refused to have anything
to do with the feast and the Lovers
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-18
Q1e <-L1e LS1SsnlZlNs
S<Ia7S ~

!. I. -. 49,.
ssnosf y. 'iisss po.'.s vas
! !''s1'E tne lover OF me 1aar trecip-s
lent usually gave the man who sent.
the valentine a sound thrashins.
The so-caliad comic valentines soon
reached the United states ana for =
nua,tsr az 4 c.ntprv o. mora f,,5r.s
~, A. 20 s..s,,... ,,..,,.
@ sss 49, ! :.
sssaue p'c.utes suppoaea 70
inc one VINO, received them. ensaSea
In his or her particular business.
There was generally piece Of poetry
under the picture describing the char.
acter of the person shown aboya ! II
THESE valentine caused no litfis dis.
turbance often. resulting In the .nreais-
i6r of friendships Of long standinr.
4 .nast.i and todayS aowers. .beantif,,i
carsIs. CANDY and fewelry sofnetine,
tucked awav IN An artinciai 4rose 'ars
among the things sent
sIencn AE..sc. ys'
+. the valentines excnansed py, me
while the verses are the most pas.
sicnate poems OF love. Usually they
were sent n. sy y MESSENGER y. who I, also car
49,. -..,tkx. Az. -. - mn. - ~
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-18

especially in oxfordshire, where chill
dren went about singing to everyone
they met;
Good morrow! tits Saint Valentine:
First IT'S yours, then 'tls mine.
So please give me valentine.v
In other parts OF England young
women and men used to mask and
go in procession. from house to house
singing beneath the windows:
"Good morrow to you, Valentine:
Curl your locks as / do mine
Two before and three behind.
Good morrow to you, Vaicntine!n
People then threw them pieces OF
money which they used to purchase
Sweets" for the repast at the valen-
tine ball held on the night of the
fourteenth OF February. These balls
were great social events and were held
by people of various classes, each iaav-
ing different dancing hall.
Origin of. Comic Valentines.
The comic valentine which was SO
popular twenty-five years ago, origi-
mated in Norwich, England. and was
the evolution of what was known as
the dark package" Just after sun
down or, st. Valentines eve boys used
to rush about the village streets car
rying packages wrapped in brown pa
per- These they would deposit on tho
doorsteps OF different houses and after
knocking on the door they would run
away. As these dark packages" were
expected everybody inside the house
was on the qui vive and when the
knock was heard a certain mem
Der of the family was delegated to
bring in the valentine It was
at once opened and examined, by
everybody amid tho widest excite
ment. Some times It was a box Of
candy. a muff, a. pretty picture. or
1t might be a bunch OF onions, and
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-18

moro horses than bullets in war, as
hundreds Of the poor beasts are driven
until they die of exhaustion. One vet
erlnarlan recently declared that the
life of a cavalry or artillery horse is
pleasant as compared with that Of
the transport animal who suffers with
sore back, is often half starved and
beaten by q vicious, incompetent
driver. Animals are killed by the
hundreds at. the front while the trans
port horses are killed by the thou
sands, often suffering agony for weeks
before death comes to their relief.
The Germans have made q special
study of handling their artillery and
transport animals. But this is not
surprising, for they seem to have made
a study Of everything else pertaining
TO warfare. Their horses are. driven
on sort OF schedule unless in retreat
and are rested at certain intervals,
and woe to the driver who fails to
follow Instructions.
More Animals Killed Than Men.
Naturally, more animals are killed
than men when the cavalry and artil-
lery are under fire, due to the fact
that the horse presents larger target
than the man. Many cayalrymen have
been known to survive two. three OF
four mounts. Statistics OF horses
killed In battle bring out some queer
facts. For instance, in a fixed ARTILLERY
target more horses are killed thar
men. and the same thing applies to
a moving cavalry, When the cavalry
is exposed to severe and concentrated
FIRE as in a charge the proportion Of
men and horses ,hit Is about the,
same. These statistics, however. have
exceptions. as several cases are re-
corded where the number of horses
disabled was considerably in excess Of
the men. This is explained by mil
itary men as due 20 the, nervousness
of the infantrymen who prefer to
shoot at the largest target or for the
reason that a horse breaking into a
square Is much more to be feared than
the bullet from the rife Of his rider
and IS therefore selected as the obs
ject aimed at. In q hand TO hand
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-18
How the Feast ofSt. Val
.entineW Was C elebratedIn
1Bygone Days : Curious
Customs Practiced By
the True Lovers Of Old
u HE Observance of st. Valentines
Day is undoubtedly Of pagan
origin. but tradition has pre-

YIN o1ASG VI al. Ndl6uLlne'S
\ Day Is undoubtedly Of pagan
origin, but tradition has pre-
served SO little of the founda-
ton OF the customs practiced ON that
day that It. is difficult to understand
Why It is the day when all true lovers
exchange missives. Surely, there was
nothing In the lives of either of the
Two Valentines mentioned in history
to attract sweethearts.
The Two Valentines.
One Valentine was a bishop Of
4 Rome who stood steadfast in his faith
during the days of the claudian per-
secutton, and was put into jail on ac-
count Of his refusal to give up his
religion. During his incarceration Ne
Is said to have cured the keepers
daughter OF blindness. When the au-
thorities learned Of the matter they
beat the good man with clubs and
afterward beheaded him. His martyr
dom occurred on the fourteenth Of
February in the year two hundred
and seventy. Els remains are pre-
served in the Church of st. Praxedes
at Rome. where gate has also been
named in his honor.
The other Valentine had even less
to do with sentiment. The chief act
Of his life seems to have been the
performance Of q miracle - that Of
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-18

These were sent by, the accepted
lover. ut-the ones who failed to md
favor with the young lady began to
send ugly caricatures bearing Insult
ing verses. This led to disagreeable
scenes, for whore the names OF the
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-18

on several occasions II isirecorded that
dead cats were sent by rejected lovers.
All packages bore the initials 6. NJ.
v. GOOD morrow. valentine.) After
a number of years this custom wore
out and sealed letters took the place
of packages. First they were delicate
little picture cards not unlike the VAL
entine cards of today except that they
bore such mushy verses as
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-18

what can I say or send to prove
The constancy OF my love?"
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-18

eCan pen or ink on paper show
My fixed and pure affection now?n
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-18

1.-THE rose is red,
The yiolet's blue.
The pink is sweet
And SO are you.r
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-18

"Good, morrow. friend. St. Valentine
IS past,
Begin these wood-birds but to couple
now" ~
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-18

Again. in .ssiid-sumner Night.
Dream" one Of the characters calls:
The Denver star., 1915-08-28
BETHLEHEM BAPTIST CHURCH.
314s Lafayette. Phone Y 764H.
REV. A. &. REYNOLDS. PASTOR.

Sunday School, 9:45. Lesson sub
ject: Gods Care of Elijah" ! Kings
17:1-16.
1l:OO a. M, Preaching. After the
morning service there will be baptiz
ing at Central Church. At p. m
the following program will be rem
dered by the Mission Circle:
1. Song by the congregation, The
Morning Light is Breaking" 2. 1nvo
cation. 8. Reading scripture by Mrs
l.. Hoy 4. Song by the Choir s
PPaper, Mrs. H. R. Green of Mus
kogee, Oklahoma. Song by the Choir
6. Address by MH. Thomas Hastings
Song, Choir. Remarks on the Mis-
sion work in early days in Colorado
as compared with mission work OF to
day in Colorado by Mrs. w. A. Gate
wood. Short sermon by the pastor
Song by the choir. A silver offering
will then be taken. Report the sec
retary. Announcements. Bened1c
ton.
700 p. NIB. p. u. Topic, Work,
ers for the Harvest. Conquest Mis-
sionary meeting). Matthew 8: to 10:1
p. m.-Preaching. Two more
Sundays before Rally day. Each
member do your best that day.
District Supt. S. A. Stripping will
be in Denver on September 9th, on
business pertaining to Scott M. E.
Church.
Mr.. and Mrs. James Carris enter
tanned at a reception Monday evening
August 23rd, at their elegant home
on Columbine ST., in honor of Prof
Moore of Marshall, Texas.
The Denver star., 1915-08-28
CENTRAL BAPTIST CHURCH,
Corner Twenty-fourth and California
Streets. Rev. P. J. Price, Pastor,
3o12 Marion Street.

Gods Care of Elijah" Kings, H..
1-16 w. A. Moore, Supt., j. w. Hardy
Asst. Supt.
B. Y. P. U. Topic Eethical-"The
Need of Neutrality" Matt. 1880.
Jas. Austin, Jr., Pres.
The services were good on last Sun.
day.
The reception given on the behalf
of Prof ]. H. Moore, of Marshill, Tex,
by the Sunday School teachers was a
nice affair.
The Mems Progressive Club gave a
was nice indeed.
Rev. Price was entertained by Mrs.
Marie Franklin and mother on last
Sunday at 245O fremont ST.
Remember that incidental expense
day has been deferred until Sept. 20
1915. All members are requested tC
pay $3.50 for incidental expense day
The pastor will attend the National
Convention which will convene in
Chicago, ILL.,, with the Olivet Baptist
Church. Sept 9Th to 14th, 1915.
Those who hold envelopes will
please turn them in the 1st Sunday
in Sept.
very much. We believe the loyal
members are going to work for new
edifice.
Rev. w. H. Fugitt, will occupy the
pulpit during the absence of the pas
tor. The pastor will be back by Sept.
18th. 1915.
Baptizing, Sunday night at 7:45 p.
m.
The Young Peoples meetings are
forging to the front.
Mother Hubbard, left over the Bur
lington Railroad. Sunday morning for
Louisville. KY. to spend her remain
ing days with her sister. The pastor
purchased her ticket for her. She
was escorted to the depot by Mrs.
Sarah Threets and others, who bid her
farewell.
The sick of the Church are improv-
ing.
The Denver star., 1915-08-28
SCOTT METHODIST EPISCOPAL
CHURCH, eo3 18TH AVE.

Teachers Meeting at 4 p. m. Sun
day. Sunday School choir meets every
Friday at p. m. Mr.. White, Choir
master.
Sunday School, 9:45 a. m.
Preaching, IL a. m. and p. m.
Epworth League, z p. m.
Ladies' Aid, Thursday, p. m.
Glass and Prayer meeting, Wednes-
day, 8 p. m.
The pupils of the Sunday school en-
joyed fine outing at Rocky Noun
tain like on last Saturday.
The loyal women of Scott rendered
excellent service at their fish booth
at Presbyterian Street Fair. Besides
doing service in their own link, many
were untiring in their efforts to make
the affair a success, by giving sever
al hours of their time each day.
The All-Star Child Musical to be
given September 10th, will be rare
treat for everybody.
DIR. D. D. Martin will preach Sunday
morning.
The Denver star., 1915-08-28
THE PEOPLES PRESBYTERIAN.
East 23d Ave and Washington ST.
Pastor, J. A. Thos. HAZEL, S. T. 3.

Sermon Topics: Sunday. Aug. 10Th.
11:0O a. m.-"The Man of Cyrene."
$50 p. my. P. S. C. E. Program.
The Great Western Fair after a
most splendid week spent came to its
close last Saturday night. We beg
to thank all the patrons including the
booth holders for their patronage.
That all were satisfied is the desire
of the pastor and officers of the
Church.
The south tower of the Church that
was struck by lightning bolt Friday
the 18th inst, will be renovated in
the near future. The loss being COM
pletely covered by insurance.
Apropos to an act of the Session
appropriate exercises will be observed
in connection with the anniversary
of the Church
Sunday week in connection with the
musical Recital, Prof. R. Stewart, the
Paderewski of the Colored race, resi-.
dent of Salt Lake City, will sing and
play. Prof. Stwart is known thruout
this country as well as Europe for his
genius as pianist. Silver offertory
DR.. w. N. Franklin, president OF
Swift Memorial College, Rogersville
Tenn, one of the most famous Pres
byters of the Church, was welcome
visitor of the pastor of the Peoples
Church last Wednesday. During hii
stop over of day in Denver enroute
to the Exposition the DIR. attended the
mid-week services of the Church and
took part. Many courtesies were ex.
tended the Dr. and Mrs. Laura Hill
Mrs. Don Reeves, Mrs. Jas. H. Gibbs
and Mrs. M. E. Morrison.
Miss Gertrude Strplin one of the
most consecrated workers of our Sab.
bath School, who was very sick for
some weeks past is now convalescing.
We are glad to see this young lady on
her feet again.
The Denver star., 1915-08-28

THIRD sEvENTH-DAY ADVENTIST
CHURCH.,
2e17 GLEkARM PLACE. REV. }. w.
OWENS, PASTOR. PHONE
MAIN e64e.
SABBATH SCHOOL (sATURDAv).
1o:30 A. NJ.
PREACHING, 11:15 A. M.
PRAYER MEETING WEDNESDAY,
500 P. "A.
BIBLE LECTURE SUNDAY, 1880
p. NJ
A SPECIAL PROGRAM WILL BE
RENDERED ONCE EACH MONTH,
TO De COMPOSED OF SACRED
MUSIC, REGULATIONS, ETC, BEAR.
ING ON SOME SPECIAL PHASE OF
THE GOSPEL.
~ WAS GLAD WHEN THEY SAID
UNTO ME, LET US GO INTO THE
HOUSE OF THE LORD" PsA. 122: I.
BIelES AND OTHER RELIGIOUS
LITERATURE MAY be OBTAINED
FROM ANY OF OUR AGENTS, OR
DIRECT FROM THE CONFERENCE
OFFICE, 1112 kALAMATH eTREET.
A PERSONAL AND CORDIAL INvl-
TATIoN Ie EXTENDED TO YOU TO
ATTEND THE sERvIcEe con-
pUcTED IN THE CHAPEL.