davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-24
Flying Freight Cars for South
America.

II is not to be supposed that HENRY
WooDHousE. as an officer OF the Aero
Club Of America, speaks without
proper foothold on facts when he an
nounces big recent Improvements in
aviation. But what of his glowing
forecast Of i new development Of
trade in South America TO be achieved
by means Of aerial freight lines? The
prophet scores n record for altitude
when lie predicts. as a result of i'm
provement of swift transportation
by air carriers. the wlping Il Of
frontiers, unlication Of national in
terests and achievement of that
world nation to which every lover of
peace looks forward with anxious
the vision with sceptic comment. but
wen If they are correct such predic-
tIons are just now peculiarly tactless
and ~distasteful.
Even In its technical part Mr.. WooD-
HOUSES flight into the future does
not command unqualified confidence In
his professed judgment. Even II the
air craft can now carry a ton ninety.
five miles an hour over mountains,
rivers and plains" 1t can hardly be
expected to make unnecessary "a
great era Of railroad building in South
America" II a~irships are cheaper
than roadbeds, rails and rolling stock,
there is a comfortable sense Of perma-
hence and continuity Of usefulness in
a well laid track. Railhcad advances
slowly, but holds its conquests.
Aerial navigation will of course
gain in range. in carrying capacity
and in control, but will not the haz.
ards persist? Grant to the flying
freight car great possibilities of use.
fulness in conveying perishable goods
over long distances by the straight
line through the atmosphere, and
easy passage Of swamp and mountain,
and II still remains for the rumhling
llu'tN>IbH VI SttuIn IuoIrlItN NtuI'ltS
to move the millions of tons Of Ar
g%entine grain, the butchered beeves
of the pampas, to ports where ca
pacious holds await the burdens Of
commerce.
There is so much that the Pan
American aeronautical committee
headed by Mr.. SANTos-DuMoNr can
do, conceivably. that It is to be hoped
its members will regard themselves
not as "revolutionizers'' hut as en-
gineers OF a scheme with legitimate
possibilities Of real usefulness as an
auxiliary to established means and
methods Of commercial intercourse.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-24
Let Us Have English.

This is the season for the opening Of
schools and colleges, and for that rea-
son a humble plea for the English
language may not he out of place.
We make It shrinkingly and with def
erential regard TO the ~prOfounder
teachings OF Professor BRANptR MAT
THEws, who proclaims the grand prin-
ciple that Everything goes Accord
ing to this distinguished authority
language is made of the people, by
the people and for the people, and
hence what the people say is good and
should therefore be admitted to aca-
demic society.
At this time the people call a man
n guy Il woman a skirt" and Il
dog Il mutt" Other samples of the
speech of the people are not essential.
The truth Is that few can say any
thing In the old fashioned direct way.
All have become 50 accustomed 10 the
Use of slang that the ommo speech
Is no longer common II Is become n
curiosity. relegated TO the obscure
haunts OF the ''highbrowS' and treat
ed with corn by the workers Of the
world. While this undoubtedly gives
much joy TO Professor BRANDER MAT
THEws. IL saddens some old fogies.
who mOurn the departure OF earlier
and more elegant ways OF speaking,
as they mourn the decadence OF ear
Tier and better manners. Perhaps the
two were unrelated. but they were at
least companions.
Is II not probable that II the young
ceased to call their elders 'old guys
or ''geezers," To refer to other peoples
mothers as skirts or rags" and gen.
orally began to Lift their terminology
toward levels of a dccOrum less figur-
alive. If more proSalc, they might also
improve their manners? At any rate
Is there any overwhelming reason why
the youth Of this time should he nj
most wholly un%acquainted with the
plain English tongue and unable Ia
say the simplest thing except in slang?
II is a matter worthy OF the consider,
alton of those teachers ana professors
who may perhaps not agree with the
Columbia sage that Everything goes
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-24
The Frye Case at the Front Again.

The o n and contents of the latest
note from Berlin regarding German
methods of naval warfare are encour.
aging to those who believe, with The
SUN. that with some forbearance and
much patience. combined with unre.
laxinc firmness, n way can be found
TO an amicable settlement " the more
difficult questions at issue between the
two Governments.
The almost forgotten case Of the
William L. Frye involved no loss Of
American lives, but 1t did raise qnes-
tons of great Importance and like
wise of complexity in the present
chaos of International law.
The failure of the attempt Of the
United States Il year ago last August
to induce the b%ellIgerent Allies TO
adhere without modification To the
principles Of the Declaration of Lon.
don, although Germany and Austria
both consented to he parties in a gen
eral acceptance Of these rules, has
added TO the confusion.
In the existing state Of law and ill.,
ternutional agreement. rs THE SuN
pointed out at the time of the sinking
Of the Frye. there was at least a color
Of justification for the act of the Prlnz
Eitel Friedrich's commander. subject
Of course to indemnify for American
property destroyed. The controversy
has turned on the method OF ad-
justment. both Governments keeping
In mind the bearing of the specific
case upon the larger aspects OF the
questions at issue.
The present note Is by no means a
surrender or the part of Berlin, but it
II q rea sonable and conciliatory step
and n rather long step-toward
common ground and 1t should be wei.
coined as such both by our State De
partment and by our people.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-24
Why This Determination:

Mayor MITCHEL's proclamation Of
fcring n reward of $500 for informa.
ton on which MICHAEL A. RoFRANo,
indicted for murder in the first degree,
may be taken into custody excludes
from the possible b~eneficiarIes mem
berS Of the Police Department of the
city of New York" ana "of the Sher
iTs office Of the county OF New York"
These exclusions are proper, but what
is the explanation of the dlscrimina-
tion In favor Of the Sheriffs' STATS in
other counties in the city?
If Sheriff GRIFENHAGEN's deputies
are barred from the reward, why are
not those of Sheriff SwAsEY OF Kings,
Sheriff O'BRIEN of Bronx, Sheriff EN-
Of Queens and sheriff O'GRADY
of Richmond? 1t being admitted that
the constitutional peace officer and
his subordlnates in the territory com
prlsing Manhattan deserve nothing be-
You'd their regular pay for capturing
q lawbreaker, why should similar pub
lie servants in other political subdi-
visions of the city be put on a differ
ent plane?
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-24
THE NEW CONSTITUTION.
Raised by an Opposing
Delegate 10 Its Adoption.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir. Mr..
Wlckersham's letter In THE Sun Of Sep
TENDER Il commencing the new Consti-
tuition has as It's keynote the general
statement that the new Constitution Will
make for economy in State affairs. That
Of course is a problematical question.
It's solution IL not capable of definite
ascertainmsnt until the new Constitution
Is tried out. None the less, | append a
few concrete examples NJ how the new
Constitution will actually add To the eX-
pense Of the State to the extent OF APP
prOXimately half a million dollars each
year
Salary Of Governor IL increased $40. 900.
Two additional Supreme Court Judges
are created. $4,000.
Five County Court Judges are created,
salaries to be fixed by the Legislature :
II they receive the same salaries az at
present the amouI will approximate
Fifty Senator's have salaries increased.
$4,000.
one hundred and fifty Assemblymen
have salaries increased, $4,000
Printing of Senate and Assembly de-
bates approximately, $4,000.
Three Court OF Claims Judges are con-
stitutionalized. $4,000.
Railroad fares Of Legislature Zap
proximatelyD, $4,000.
Three court Of Appeals JUDGES are
created Salaries averaging $4,000,
$iI.lOn.
In addition 20 TIE foregoing there are
TO he Supreme Court commissioners ap-
pointed. In New York city these are 10
he charged against New York city and
in other judicial departments against the
particular counties therein. Their term
Of office, salary and number are unlim-
tied n TO be fixed by the Appellate
Division.
Various other officers such as the Civil
Service Commissioners. the state Tax
Commissioners, the Commissioner OF Ac-
counts. Public Service commissioners.
&c, are woven into the fabric OF state
government for the next twenty wears
With them En- all the expenses and per-
quisites incident to these huge offices,
which formerly could he abolished by the
Legislature when economy demanded IL
or when they had demonstrated their
uselessness. Now they are To he ON our
backs for twenty years. whether We
will or no
II Is well therefore 10 hear these mat
ters IN mind In considering the new
Constitution. I was one OF the delegates
who voted against II in its entirety Tive
unselhsh and brilliant work Of such men
as Senator Root. Mr., Stimson. Mr..
Wickersham. Mr.. QuigR, Mr.. Barnes
and Mr., Parsons in preparing the Con-
stltution VIII undoubtedly recommend IL
TO many voters. But. though their er.
forts were unquesttonably to bring about
much needed reforms. I felt then, as |
feel now. that they failed entirely In
tNat laudable purpose. and added to the
tremendous burden which the ]aXpay.rs
who. In the last analysis. are all the rent
payers. must bear. without adequate
recompense therefor.
albert BLoGG UNGER.
ALBANY, September %.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-24
GERMAN DIPLOMACY.
Has IL Been So Short Sighted, So Tn.
successful, After All?

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-Sir. In
August, 1914. we'll informed people
seemed to be impressed with the belief
that Germany would certainly win In
the colossal war undertaken by II be-
cause of its military preparedness had
II not been for its short sighted diplo-
macy.
1t has been continually pointed out that
by Germany's unsuccessful diplomacy
Italy. instead of remaining an ally, con-
tinued to be neutral and YOU even
tually enter he war on the side of Ger
many's enemies. and Italy did enter the
war and has been Mt wal with Austria
for soine months and has advanced. on
the other hand, Germany has secured as
an ally Turkey. and Turkey has sue
cessfully withstood the attacks Of the
Allies on the peninsula OF Gallipoli.
The far seeing ones told us that the
Balkan States and Greece would finally
decide to war. and thus far Rumania
and Greece remain neutral. Bulgaria
remains neutral with evident leanings
toward Germany.
by this diplomacy, or by its methods
OF warfare, Norway, Sweden, Denmark
and Holland are all neutral, and 1t seems
To be believed by those who are informed
that the neutrality Of several of these
States permits OF c~ontraband going
through their territory to supply the Ger
man Government.
II may he said. however, that these
are not real triumphs of diplomacy. but
are rather merely the result OF power
which has so impressed the smaller
States Of Europe that they dare do moth
Ing but remain neutral. But can this
be true when German diplomacy has
been able to keep one OF the neutral ma
lions OF the world still neutral. and that
nation potentially the most powerful ma
tion in the world? The quiet thinking
citizen of that potentially great but
militarily weak nation cannot but mar
vel at the success OF n diplomacy which
can sink his country's merchant SHIPS
without color OF legal right. and ran
murder citizens Of his country. OF course
without color of right. He is moved TO
admiration at the sight Of an armed
nation, henmed in OF almost every side.
yet still able through its diplomatic
channels to assure a neutral nation.
whose friendship Il would seem to wish
to keep. that II means nothing by sink
ing its ships. and regrets that II has
murdered a few neutral citizens Of his
country.
Having been told IN language always
of excellent literary quality. and in
"A thoroughly diplomatic style, that
there must he "A disavowal Of an
act or final steps would be taken
by his country TO uphold our rights
and our honor. 1t then proceeds
10 sink a few more OF our ships and
murder a few more OF our citizens, and
again, in different words but with
equally charming literary style, a dis
avowal is insisted upon and none comes.
Has not Germany proved herself TO
be In diplomacy as well as in war tri-
u%mphant? Has the United States proved
itself ~puslllanimous? w.
New YORK. September 90.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-24

runahout with its loaded pole would
revolutionize warfare a6oat and make
a sea power Of a miniature nation
like San Salvador. But Mr.. FORD
has another war engine In his head
equally potent and effective. \ still
greater sensation Is the wireless aero
plane that would need no human op-
orator. but could be sent aloft by press.
Ing a button ito drop bombs where
eve 1t was desired to scatter destruc.
ton" The wireless acroplane could
he turned out by the gross, and 1t must
he plain to the dullest understanding
that nee they were on the market
land warfare would be abolished.
There are pacifsts like Mr.. BRYAN
who put their faith in arbitration
treaties and say there is no occasion
for preparedness with its embarrass-
Ing expense. but these are mere theo-
rists who have been COMPOUNDED by
the uphenval In Europe, IL they only
Knew III. MT. FORD. who has sprung
so suddenly into fame as n specialist In
war and peace, is a pacifst too, but
a practical ne. He Is ready to abol-
ish war but he does not discard pre-.
p%aredness. On the contrary, 1t is pre-
%paredness that Is to abolish war, but
not the old kind Of preparedness, bat.
tie fleets and great armies with siege
shout "militarism" II Mr.. FoRD's twin
inventions, the runabout submarine
and the wireless a%eroplane. were ac-
cepted by the Government, and the
cost of his engines of war would he n
mere triie compared with the expense
Of preparedness Of the old style.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-24
Mr.. Henry Fsrd's Philosophy.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SrN-Sb: I
sincerely hope Henry Ford Of Detroit Is
sorry he said "If Belgium had not been
prepared for war she would not have
had her nose punched" Tt think that
any nan would be guilty of such talk I,
Belgium. the sufferer by the greatest
crime ever perpetrated by people claim
ing to be civilized And to have the
~dastardly brutality in part atoned for
by a man OF the callbre of Mr.. Ford.
Many prominent people have lost their
heads In commenting on the Kaiser's
mad action. hut the stopping over has
not been more effectually done than by
Mr., Ford and his side partner. Bryan OF
Nebraska, Excuse me for referring to
the latter by name, when his unpatriotic
actions deserve absent treatment.
BY the way, II our impractical philo-
sophical friend Ford "A take the Allies
money in trade for cars 10 be used for
war purposes. how IL IL that he has such
anImoslty toward being prepared for
war? BEACON Hill,
Boston. September %.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-24

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir: Pink
whlskers do not necessarily qualify a
man to hc an expert %hnancier.
II is reported that senator j. Ham
Lewis is warning his countrymen against
the proposed loan 10 the Allies OF
81 900. 600 600 on the ground thnt we
need this money here at home.
The Honorable senator apparently has
not heard that not a dollar OF this money
is 10 leave the country, but viii he paid
out To our citizens for food supplies,
clothing, sc.
How are the farmers in the great
West, especially the farmers OF Mr..
Lcwls's own state. where great quaint
ties Of corn and considerable wheat are
raised, TO sell their crops, and how Ia the
South TO market It's cotton, unless the
Allies can negotiate this loan?
our greatest customer for both wheat
and cotton, almost our only customer,
Just at present, Is Great Britain. Shall
we permit amateur fnanciers to kill the
goose which has been laying our golden
eggs? r.
NEW YORK, September 20.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-24
THAD STEVENS.
Facts About the Burial Place Of the
Slander Victim.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Str. Sew
eral weeks X there appeared in Your
questions and Answers" column an ex-
tract from a letter from the Rev.
Thomas Dixon rejecting severely upon
tho character Of Thaddeus Stevens. May
| draw attention TO the most Glarlng Of
his misstatcments9
Thaddeus stevens was a bachelor who
pref, rIed TO live In his own home rather
than at a hotel. His housekeeper was
a colored woman named Lydia Smith.
not Brown, a small error, bat character
sst!c OF the inaCcuraVy II the entire let
ter. on this slender basis NJ fact Mr..
Dixon makes the charge that stevens
lived for fifteen years In open adultery
with his housekeeper Whether the in
ference was drawn by the author from
the customs OF his own COUNTRY or the
bent Of his own mind. II is wholly with
out foundation in truth.
Stevens is not buried in n negro GEM
etery. lie is buried In Shreiner's Gem
etery, at the corner NJ West Chestnut
and North Mulberry streets, Lancaster,
Pa. lie chose It as his last resting place
because II was the only cemetery IN the
city of Lancaster which in its charter
did not discriminate against the colored
race. As a matter OF fact. so far as I
have been able to learn, and | have
lived here twenty-five years, and have
made careful inquiry, no negroes are or
ever ave been buried in this cemetery.
Lydia Smith. Stevens's hlusckecper. Is
not buried AZ his side or even in the
sIme cemetery, For a number Of years
before his death stevens was an in
valid his housekeepcr was a loyal ana
faithful servant, N in his will Stevens
remembered her with a modorat" leg
acy. not incommeusurate with her SER
vices. The bulk ~ his estate went to
endow an industrial school for boys in
this city. which the state OF Pennsyl-
vlnia has recently taken over ms a state
institution. and In which the benevolent
plans OF the "Grett Commoner' are be-
ing carried into effect.
During his lifetime stevens WAS al
ways more han a match for his enemies
and detractors. Were he alive MIR Dixon
would not have dared 10 bark AT him,
much less attack him. Thaddeus ste
VEINS whole life was dedicated to the
cause of human liberty, and | protest
against the attempt to write these SLAM
ders into his life ana history,
WILLIAM IT, KELLER.
Pa, September %.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-24
A Simple and inexpensive Way to
Abolish War.

Not ever Mr.. HENRY Ford can abol.
iSh war offhand, but he Is making prog
ress. Ills small runabout submarine
with n torpedo on the end of a pole was
something OF a sensation, especially
as IL was TO he operated under the sea
with a Gnsolcne engine. Mr.. FoRD's
plan Is 10 put an end TO war by max
ing 1t too terrible to be undertaken
by the mlghtiest Power on earth. All
the little nations will be safe If they
have any credit at all, for engines OF
war on land or salt water are to be
simple In construction and exceed
lngly cheap, although they will he
warranted to destroy fleets and armies
infalllbly, Once this is understood
no nation, large or small, will dare TO
20 10 war. II would he suicide for
soldiers, sailors and non.combatants,
also for women and children, in point
Of fact universal lmmolntion.
To Mr., Henry FoRD the abolition Of
war Is astonishlngly simple. II has
been said that every crisis produces
the Indispensable man. Society al.
ways has n genius or n captain in re
serve, The little terror of the seas"
caught the naval experts mapping. The
proof Of it Is that, although the In.
ycntor has never made a submarine
or, for that matter, a single part, the
naval experts do not deny that the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-24
Under seventh Avenue and Other
ThOrOughfares.

Finding In the Seventh avenue sub
way cavcln, the cause Of which has
not yet been ascertained by the en
ginecrs, n powerful argument against
the adoption of the proposed new Con.
stitution, the World says:
THE Seventh avenue disaster is an
other concrete demonstration of the kind
OF Public Service Commission that has
been fastened upon the people OF this
city and that the new Constitution seeks
to perpetuate.
Every citizen who believes in the
kind OF subway construction and the
Of public service supervision that
were brought into ghastly revelation on
Seventh avenue yesterday will vote for
the new Constitution"
The fact Is that this unfortunate
accident directed attention to the e
traordinary record of efficiency that
has been made by the authorities and
contractors in safeguarding the lives
and property OF citizens since the con-
struction Of the subways began. The
highways have been kept open to
traffic of all kinds. the inconvenience
10 residents of the town has been re-
duced to Il minimum. millions of men,
women aud children have gone about
their business and pleasure without
hlndrance or obstruction, protected by
every conceivable device Of human in
genuity and vigilance. That there
should have been m accident of the
kind that occurred on Wednesday is
not a cause for establishment, but II
is a matter of sincere rejoicing that so
far in the prosecution Of the work
there have not been more.
Instead of abuse the Public Service
Commission. its engineers and inspec-
tors. and the contractors who are
doing the work, deserve thanks and
congratulation for the care and skill
they have exercised and the notable
results they have achieved.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-24
MURDEROUS POLITICS.
Responsible for Waste Of Property
and Life In Our Navy.

7, -,yp. t-..uL -. m. -
r,IIpt or IHE H'N-Nlr; Thc
>TH or,h 49, 40" OF we hattIeSnir
'aa"..'' Il sue 81 the puh.lc
1870 W. I,InI.s u no" o"','i.N
a.ui..'''' ~ ~ 80 Wuyh JUNK ana the
IN WIZ '.'''a. I"Il'l snort
W u \ m.lI"n dollars is
w "'N" ''sI' "'-''Ss IL" I,''''l ne"
nla.n,"yIS, SECRETARY ~inan'cIs - re-
81, "''"'' S''n me n"'iI'shlp'
,o..f'r.e' J." ~ Sh""'u never nave
80 Az Pt'' i'"' we CONTRACTORS inc
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