davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18


further cement the bond OF friend
ship between the two republics.
The party, including II commits.
si0ners and three representative OF
the United States government, be.
sides G. B. Yandell, executive secre-
tsry Of the Seattle Chamber Of Com
merce, who Is In general charge. or.
lived by special train over the Mich.
iszn Central at Sis Friday morning,
and the visitors were taken At once
to the u. A. G. for breakfast
A team Of moving picture men
was on hand to film the arrival Of
the party at the d. A. c., presum.
ably for the Ford Weekly, and will
tran them during the day. After
breakfast the commissioners were
taken In motor cars to the Ford
plant. where there was an informal
reception for the purpose OF intro
ducing the visitors to Henry Ford
and James C06zens. president and
vice-president respectively Of the
Ford Motor Co. Inspection OF the
plant followed. A luncheon In the
administration building at o'clock,
followed by motion pictures and q
talk on the sociological work Of the
institution. were other features Of
the program at the big motor plant.
A ride about the city and visits to
other factories Will take up the lat.
ter part OF the afternoon. The com
missioners will be entertained at
dinner In the ID. A. G. at s. o'clock.
and at To-: 20 the party win depart in
the Chinese special" over the Lake
Shore for Cleveland.
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18

falo. the Pilgrims stopped Oh. We'd
nesday. at East Aurora, N. r.. where
they held special memorial services
for the late Ebert Subbard IRA m
bcrtus). Joe Mitchell Chapel. sdi'
tor OF the National magazine. gave
. most impressive address. Presi'
dent Gallup also eulogised the de-
parted In . touching speech.
The convention opens Sunday with
IN address by President Wilson.
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18
PONTIAC.

/ u. l. Davis has suggested that the
board OF commerce unite with the
committee Of the pioneer society
which IL making plans TO put on a
tenniai OF the settlement Of this
country by white men. lie says that
$4,000 Will be needed 20 finance the
anatr The money II being raised by
the sale Of watch fobs and souvenir.
Knights and Ladies' OF Oakland II
being formed.
The remains Of Miss Jessie Win
ters. former Detroit school teacher.
who ended her life while an inmate
q the Pontiac state hospital. by
sssSx'ns hssss,s ssdss : train . O.
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18
SCHWAB BUILDS
NEW PLANT TO
MAKE SHELLS

SOUTH BETHLEHEM, Pa. June
1sl-(special)--To facilitate the
hanufacture Of the rush orders for
shrapnel for England. and to keep
up with the increased orders that are
expected, II was announced Charles
NJ. sehwab would at once begin the
erection Of a $4,000 shell-loading
factory. This will make the third OF
the kind here. so far Schwab has
spent nearly s2.oo0.o00 in new plants
and machinery here fer the produc-
ton Of war munitions About 5000
persons are employed on this. and
g aealy Y outp 3 Z 1880 shrspnei
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18
WORTHWHILE

Mrs. Seymour L. Brown has gone
TO Grand Junction. Col. for . three
months visit with. Miss Ines Bryan.
Prof. ana Mrs John d. LaRue and
ht..e son, John. Jr.. OF ithaca. are
visiting MrA LaRus's parents. Mr.,
,1d M' n.rs ss:ss M IF .esa HS:
NJ 81. Louis Mich, for q term OF
three years beginning next septem-
Floyd c. Evans who has had
ness courses IN the Bull. Mimi. high
school. has arrived 20 spend the sum
mer vacation with his mother. Mrs.
The following teachers in the high
school and grades have gone to their
several homes. Miss Ethel Pettibone.
high school preceptress. and Miss Eu-
nice Wartman,. music and drawing. to
to Moorsstown: Miss Marwarethe
Weller. eighth grade. to Mayvilie:
Miss Isabelle 0orton. sixth grade. to
Waterloo; b y. Bslknap. principal.
kindergarten and commercial. to De-
M. and Mrs.. Blake z. wheeler. Of
Moline. Ill; who have been VISITING
Fred Wheeler. left for home today.
Mr.. Wheeler 10 city editor OF the
TrHcity Daily. published at that
Rev. 8. r. sAmuelson will give .
lecture, illustrated with stereopticon
views, OF q trip through Shanland. at
the First Baptist church. Friday
The Eastern Michigan Edison Co.
having rented the village electric
lighting plant for q term OF nve
arc lighting ON Nain-st. TO an under
ground system. which In muSn moro
satisfactory. The council has also
given the company permis:ion TO re-
iage with $50 cp. fncandescent lamps.
and install many new 100 and ESQ cp.
lamps In different parts of the vii
Chiidren's day exercises will be
held at the Presbyterian church next
Sunday. The vested choir, young
mems chorus. will be one Of the fea-
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18

I>..!I Ii All y. h = \ ~ p
lS66il5 I'M ths Fortress
= ~ 49, = un1sr bem-
Do llnlinn artillery On
| 1 - ~ A1iye. Trsach-
\ GElo1IfS 0ver ne noun
(o vgovoaeo1 svlatoes nom
< Sone, ~ aAvices TO the
1890 : lnrUs body Of
= movlng southwaxd
1 - vsa& appsafs 70 b
GsonxIe AusGyzAa o9en-
y 49,. Thus fAr IN Aus
- ~ IDS ragiua have
D als.e ~ TysslTrsn-
Y cnr e9easivs = max
- ygo07eoes~ 80 Tie on
~ 6nfx = 1heee hsye been
6toss fkvoeatss to ~.
~ Cnenla frsatier, our
~ eljsoesI saemy guns
6 G1npoeDe4 he marching
r. ~ oneny. The fortress
1900 has beea seriously
Ia NJ O. gnDG In the region
oo Nsspy W took 600 prison
1 tI0u machine guns IN Wed
w A~AHs.-ss
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18
a5ls Check
" Says Pefrograd

" xnou1AD. June 1s.-(spe-
CohDs) -An Onlcial Russian
ont ~:
~ paisstsr front between the
o11pA ana SUI rivers Tuesday
1ng ne Gnenzy was thrown back
D1oogooE. Above Juravno Monday
" enotured 202 oflcers. s.
hon, ~ 6uns, ~ mitrailleuses,
unl13on and ether booty. Tues
~ enemy crossed the Dniester
~ 1lisvto9. but was checked.
ensny's attempts 70 cross at
~ and seize the railway were
ttol. Russian artillery infiict-
noevy loases. On Tuesday en-
1eenohmsnts moved south OF
1c& f0Fee1. the river and began
~ attack upon the Russian
"a % ~ bridgshead. The re-
nj tot11e u IN doubt.
u &1Gtory over General Won Lin.
- army east Of 6tryj was
\ 1eclajvs. The enemy was
~ tnck h disorder IN q battle
~ 1Eravnn absndoning six large
- q nltsellleuhss and large
~ q asDylonItion. In addition
= poaEit tyeoo prisoners report.
~ war o0ce. other hands Of
l1uoo1ees havs been brough.
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18

saloon. was checking up the cash
register. when the explosion occur.
red. and the cash register was
hurled against Clayton. while It's
contents were scattered over the
floor. as the side wall Of the saloon
was bulEed inward by the blast. and
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18

An unidentified man died OF apo
plexy In the Trumbullave. police sta
tion. Friday morning. He was found
in front OF the Wayne hotel. THUR
day evening. and was believed to BE-
drunk,
The man IL about IS years old.
about ave feet four inches In height.
and wore q black suit. a soft shirt
and collar and tan shoes. He had
an FIX badge.
The body was taken TO the county
morgue to await Identification.
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18

The feIlovviag sew suits for divosce
were A!eA. Thursday, In ctrcsit
court: Anna va. Ludwig Harmat.
Mabel w. Frank Holderheid, Anna
w. Frank u. Nolan. Bertha J. VS.
Silas q. Gaylord, Anna vs.. Paul
Kaminski. and Magdalina vs. An
thony Koscialniak.
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18

Otto n. (santheV and Robert W. Wag-
Nos. $3.50 Broadway, which closed
recently. have nled a petition in
bankruptcy. ..sting their liabilities
at e2&.g92 and their assets at t5,si2.
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18
ZEPPELIN
DESTROYER
is KILLED

order 10 get material for a story.
His wife, who also Is writer.
accompanied him during the early
part of his trip abroad. Mrs. Need
ham sailed for America six weeks
ago
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18
Charles August Pauiua. ~ years ola,
died, Thupsday. fpOm heart tpoubur

died. Thussdsy. froa heart trouble
In his home. No. 81 Fairyiew-aye
Mr.. Paulus was born In Detroit. in
the family home which stood on
what Ii now Cadiilac-sq. He II
survived by his son. Eugene e. J
Paulus. an Instructor In the Mum
Using high school and daughter.
Miss Marie 4. Paulus. a student In
the University OF Michigan. Fran
els Petrus PauIus. the well-known
artist. II a brother. Funeral SER
vices will be held Saturday morn
ing. In the Church OF the Annunci-
alton.
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18

nearly every window and mirror II
the place was shattered.
To the east the home Of Samuel
Macollo, No. 25S Mullett-st.. Was
rocked by the explosion. the front
steps were blown away. . great hole
was torn In the side OF the house.
plaster fell In showers. and the
doors were shaken from their fast
enings. But Macollo. his wife and
three children. escaped injury.
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18
Floor LAmpe


Lamps Of all kinds---
lamps for your tables,
your bedroom. the par
ior or the dining-room
may be had here at stu
pc nd ous reductions.
Many designs fro m
which TO choose.
Cabinets
This In an unusual
opportunity "a obtain n
handsome music cab
met. They must be sold
we cannot take them
to our new smaller
9uarters: Big harEains.
Beds
Gold In finish and
genuine sturdy con-
structiou. Ask to see
these exceptional bar
gains. tQm0rrow---Satur.
day. White or gold.
Beds that were $500
NOW only Qo.ss.
Beds that were $3.50
10y only Q41e.
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18
Odds and Ends

Here and there In
every department are
one. two or three dff-
ferent articles OF n
kind. These must tie
soid--thc price will he
made 10 suit you. Ask
10 see them.
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18

Our display Of desks
even now shows q wide
variety. but they must
go--ihey must be sold
for what they will
bring. There are excep-
tional values here.
Ql.G0 eash-Aalepea easy
The Detroit times., 1915-06-18
Porch Furniture

All our new summer
goods for porchcs. sun
parlors. summer homes
and lawns must he sold
regardless of cost. Get
your needs here on
easy credit at 80 per
rent on
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-19
PROF. FANCIULLI E
Former Marine Band Leader md
Composer succumbs to Operations.

Prof. Francesca Fanciulli, known as II
composer and former leadc of the
United States Marine Band and the
S~eventy-frst Regiment Band. died late
saturday night following an operation at
the German Hospital.
Prof. Fanciulli gained his greatest
fame as the conductor NJ the Marine
Band in Washington from 1893 to 1898.
His leadership was once taken from him
when, at the Inauguration of President
Mckinley. he questioned the right OF
Lieut.. Draper Of the Marine Corps to
change the musical programme. He Was
coIrt-martialled n dismissed, but
Theodore Roosevelt. then Assistant
Secretary of the Navy, reversed the YER
dict.
Prof. F!anciulli was born in Tuscany
in 1853, and conducted grand opera
there. He came to New York In 1876
and six years later MARI d Miss Amanda
Schile Of New York. Later he conducted
grand opera in Boston. and after his
service with the Marine Band became
leader Of the Scvcnty-first Regiment
Band Of this city. lie composed n num-
Der of MARCHES that won great popular
ity. His home was at l2S West Fifty
eighth street.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-19
CARL SCHURZ'S OLDEST
DAUGHTER DIES AT So
Edited Memoirs of Noted SOL
der and Member of Haycs's
Cabinet.

Miss Agatha Schurz. daughter OF
Carl schurz. the German soldier. politi-
cal Exile and Secretary OF the Interior
IN the Administration of President
Hayes. died last night at Bolton Land
ing. Lake George. y. Y She, with sew
eral relatives, had gone to their sum
mel home a few weeks ago, after Miss
Schurz had been operated on at a hos
pital here.
Miss Schurz was GO years old and
was the oldest child or the great friend
Of Abraham Lincoln. Her mother dy-
ing when she was very young. she took
care OF the younger children until they
grew up. After the death of her father
she took charge of the publication OF
his memoirs. translating and editing
them. She was we'll known in Wash
ington social circles during her fathers
service there. but later confined her In
~terests to the German kindergarten
work, which her mother was instrument
tai In starting in this country.
She leaves a brother, Carl l.. Schurz.
n lawyer. and "A sister. Miss Marianne
Schurz. both of New York. One aunt.
a sister of her father, is still living.
She is Mrs. Edmund Jussen OF Mil
waukee, at present ut the Lake George
home. The funeral viii be held to-
morrow In Tarrytown and burial will be
in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-19
JANE adams IN A PULPIT.
Talks ut Bsr Harb"r AhOu
the War.

BAR HARBoR. Me. July lS.-"The
presents prospects of peace in Europe
are not known definitely by any one"
said Miss Jane Adams in an address
at the Clark Memorial Methodist Epis-
copal church this morning.
The audience included pr, Robert
Able of New York. Mr.. and Mrs. ". +.
Cochranc of Baltimore. Or. j.. Madison
Taylor of Philadelphia and Mr., and Mrs.
II. Hall Mccormick, Jr., OF Chicago.
Speaking of the women's peace con-
ference at The Hague, Miss Adams
said at is always difficult for "A woman
to differ with those she loves in the
hour of their affection. That the women
of the different peoples had confidence
that the woman's movement could stand
the strain implies a certain amount of
judicial courage, and II Is good to know
that they did not beat each other with
their umbrellas as the English news
papers so freely predicted would be the
case. Besides an emotional protest
against the war it was also an intel
lectual one,
There are M prospects Of peace In
Europe for n long time unless some
thing new develops"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-19
LIEUT.. GOV. CUSHING IS GUEST.
The J. Woodward HRvens Enter
tain ut IenON.

LEMON, July lS-Mr, and Mrs. j.
Woodward Haven were hosts At luncheon
at Ingleside In Stockbridge In honor Of
Iieut-Gov. Grafton -. Gushing of Bos-
ton. MIR. and Mrs. Archibald -. Rob
bins. who had been visiting Mrs. Robert
Winthrop. have gone to Bnr Harhor by
automobile. Frederick W. Whitridge,
who had been "A guest of Joseph IL.
Choatc, returned to New York this eve
ming,
Bishop Thomas T., Davies of the
diocese of western Massachusetts did
not preach in Trinity Church here this
morning because OF heat prostration he
suffered at the Lenox club last week.
The Rev, Arson Phelps stokes con-
Quoted the services and preached the
sermon, II was announced that the Rev.
william Lawrence Wood Of New York.
lately called to Trinity Episcopal
Church, will preach next Sunday, Mr..
and Mrs. Wood will be entertained on
their arrival in LenoX by Mr.. and Mrs.
Giraud Foster at ~Bellefountaine.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-19
"PLAY STREETS"
PROVE SUCCESS
Peoples Institute Finds Ex-
pertinent satisfactory in
Every Way.
WORK TO BE EXTENDED

The story OF efforts to give the city's
children n chance to play outdoors with
out fracturing the law makes UP the
most Interesting part of the report OF
the Peoples Institute for October /.
1o14-June I. 1915, just issued. In It's
work TO create neighborliness with
schools and parks ms social centres the
institute hit upon the idea Of play
streets for the youngsters.
Under the present laws and police
regulations of the city It Is n misde-
meanor for children to play marbles In
the streets, It is a crime TO skip rope on
the sidewalk" says Lester f.. Scott. as
slstant director OF the institute. Eighty
per cent. OF the juvenile crimes for
which children are brought to court con-
slst of one or another form of rational
play"
Not until Arthur Woods became Police
Commissioner was the institute able to
give play streets "A trial Since last
October ! traffic has been excluded from
3 to 6 In the afternoon from these blocks
In crowded neighborhoods King street.
'fNHllu SlI'tl net ftn flTS1 avenue anu
Avenue A.. Grove street. Sheridan
square. Mott street. sullivan street.
Forty-seventh street between Eighth and
Ninth avenues and S~eventy-sixth street
between Second and Third avenues.
There has 10 he a play supervisor
whose salary IL paid 10y the institute un-
III the neighhorho i axes IL on itself.
Then the institute diveris its money TO
getting another play street started.
The thing has been a success IN sev.
eral ways. The children have largely
come to regard the policemen as
friends who will protect them in their
right to play and there ere fewer base
ball games conducted with spies and
sentries In the side streets to warn OF
n p~oliccman's approach. Also, young
boys are not driven to dice games in
back ro ms for lack OF the chance TO
get sport in the open.
The Peoples Institute WIS tho founder
Of the National Board of Censorship.
known TO every II who has seen a
picture show. In the eight months cov-
cred by ,his report these censors viewed
asa film subjects. totaliing about C.
$4,000 feet OF film. only Twelve SUBJ
jects were condemned entirely. There
were SO changes called FOR in 357 films.
Mr.. Scott says that the European war.
shutting nearly all European films out
Of this country, has forced out OF busi-
ness many of the small and less de-
sirab,e picture makers. The result o'
this has been that Today the industry
is more than ever in the hands Of re-
sponsible men who see the danger T.
the industry of manufacturing objections
! able Aims the report declares.
Residents Of Greenwich Village asked
the institute t. see what their section
needed most. Two surveys disclosed
tina there was only three-tenths Of an
| aero equipped as a playground for u.s.
600 children. While waiting for the city
10 better this. the institute fixed up
three play streets In the vill1ge as a
means of lcssoning the next generations
or n Of Hudson busters and other gang
sterS.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-19
RUSSIAN BALLETS HERE.
Large Organizations 10 BE
seen Here Next season.

Russian ballc, will he represented
here next season 10y Two organizations.
Anna Paylowa will, as usual, he n the
head OF her own company, while Naslav
Nijinski and Thamara Karsaviua will
be the two stars OF the Diaghilen COM
pany.
Serge dc Diaghileff has cahlcd 10 John
Brown. business manager Of the Met
ropoli,an opera Company. at which this
company will appear, the repertoire of
the company. which consists almost al
together of compositions by Russian
composers. In all there will bee given
by the company twelve hallets exclusive
os the Advertisements or separate
dances. In his communication from
Ouchy VI de piaghilef said that the
ballets to he given are LES Sylphides,'
by Chopln-GlazounOff. which Anna paw
Iowa has done here lie DIcu Blou.' by
Hahn. "LApres-Midt dun Faune,' 10y
pehussy. prince Igor and lie pavil-
lon d'Armidc.' by Rorodin. "Thamar,'
by B|arakircv; "Carnival' and Les Pa
pilLus,' by Schumann. lie spectre d"
In Rose" by Berlioz. "Narcissr,' rs
Tzheropuiu. "prtrouchka," hy Straviu-
sky. and "S-chcherazade," by Rmsk,-
korsakofi.
All the scenery and costumes are the
NpIk pl lsf'll lfhhEAf II 80 ~ re-
in these various ballots in specimens Of
his Greek, Javanese. rocco and Turkish
styles Of design.
Anna pavlowa will continue the first
dancer Of her company, hut n has
added an operate win. which will in
Cludc such Well known artists as Maggie
Tcyte, Ricardo Martin, Mare Ncdli-
IOWA from the Marieu Theatre In petro-
grad. Georges Baklanor, the hary'one.
formerly OF the Boston Opcra Company
hut later IN Vienna, Claudio Mansueto
and lppolito l~.azzaro, respectively a
hassO and tenor.
Mile. Pavlowa has also acquired the
scenery for certain of the Boston Opera
House productions made by Urban and
Stropa. Richard Ordynskl and Joseph
Urban are designing the scenery and
dresses for LA Muette de portici."
which Will he one Of the operas in the
repertoire OF her company. There will
lac new scenery by Bakst, Urban and
Slime.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-19
GOLF CHIEF LURE
AT SOUTHAMPTON
Links Crowded With Players
-Brcezcs From the Bay
Temper Suns Rays.
MANY WEEK END PARTIES

SOUTHAMPTON. 7. 7. July lS-The
the hundreds OF week end guests who are
visiting among the cottagcrs Many OF
the visitors are those remaining over
sunday from Mrs. W. Scott cameron's
dance on Friday and the dinner party
at Shinnccock Golf club last night given
10y Mrs. Morris W Kellogg
At the National Golf Cluh several
week end guests were entertained and
the links We're crowded with players.
There was just enough breeze from
tie bay to make golnng comfortable
Mrs. William lowe Rice H. entertain
ing Murray Paul and George Snow,
and Mr.. and Mrs. ". Scott Cameron
have as their guests for over sunday
Morgan belmont and his fianceo. Miss
Margaret Andrews Mrs. August Bel
mont. Jr, and Mrs. John * Mohr.
Miss Ruth Cutting. Mss Angelica y,
Brown, Mr.. and Mrs. John Fell. Oliver
u, Hartman and Newton Rae are here
for the week end ns the guests ~ Mrs.
Francis Burial Hoffman at her summer
home In First Seek lane.
Mrs. william Shoehan is at the
Meade club as the guest Of Miss An
toinettg W. Martin.
Mr.. and Mrs. George A. Armour ar
rived IN Friday. having made the trip
from Princeton In their motor. They
are occupying the cottage of Mrs. VI. W.
Brush on Ha,scy's Neck lale.
Among other late arrivals Tor the sea-
son are MIR. and Mrs. Archibald Rogers.
who came here on Friday from their
country estate at Hyde Park, They
Will occupy The Quog cottage on the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-19
sing SINGS WICKED
MUST WEAR YELLOW
Glaring Circles and Stripes to
Punish All Naughty We'll
fare Leaguers.
LOSE THEIR COLLARS TOO

OsstNiNG, y. Y, July 1s.-Prsoners
In Sing Sing who offend against the
rules OF the Mutual Welfare League.
the self-rule organization OF the In
mates. will no longer go unpublished.
Last night the league held a meeting and
arranged a system of colors whereby Of
tenders will be disciplined.
TIL basis OF each punishment inflicted
by the league will be suspension from
the rights OF the league. but that 10
not all. Offenders suspended for Ave
days or more will have to wear a yell
on their neat gray sport shirts over their
hearts II suspended for ten days or
more the shirts will be decorated with
a yellow stripe straight down the
back II suspended for twenty days Or
more the other ~adornments will be
supplemented by q yellow stripe down
the front Of the left leg OF the trousers
and a similar stripe down the rear Of
the light leg. II the offence IL 80 severe
hat the punishment for II il suspension
from the league for over thirty days
the head of the offender will be shaved
and he will have to wear all the yellow
decorations besides.
MY boys thought Of the idea them
selves" said Thomas Mott Osborne. the
warden. land | think it is fine. Their
idea of curse Is hat II n man onends
against the rules he shows the yellow
inside Of himself therefore to punish
him they have devised this scheme TO
show the yellow on his uniform"
Furthermore II an offender Is made TO
wear any of these yellow decorations he
cannot indulge in plated shirts, white
collars and the like. he must wear the
prison shirt. practically the same as a
gray outing shirt. Two Offenders have
already been sentenced TO the yellow.
They were found drunk" aid Warden
Osborne. "They said they had been
drinking a mixture OF alcohol. sugar
and water, but you don't have to be-
lieve that IL you don't want to. They
were suspended for ninety days each.
and will receive all the yellow stripes
there are and have their heads shaved
as we'll
"The executive committee of the league
Is still considering the case of Daniel
O'Day, who escaped "A short time ago
and was found In "A tree not far from
the prison"
Mr.. Osborne also told OF the receipt
Of 800 from Adolph Lewisohn to be
used by the Mutual Welfare League In
any way the league decided. The league
decided To split the money into fvc
SEQ gold pieces and give one to each
man deserving special recognition. Two
of the prizes were awarded last night !.
one went to John McGarr. who invented
- 800 4 Ia