davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-08
BONDS.

TO 900 .chile copper 7sllsH II ilti1 ll4A
zoo 900 Penn AIS " g.. ssl3 9sh ssi. ssi4
enlisted 'Sells cents per share.
The Spectator., 1915-11-12
BUILDING FOR PIGEONS
Small Unused Structure Is Good
 Enough to Start With.
Beginner Should Have Lofts in Readi- ness Before Buying His Breeders Cheap Fly House Outside Is
 Also Necessary.

Before buying breeders, the begin ner should have his lofts in readiness. A position facing south is always best as then the interior will be flooded with sunshine all hours of the day, and every corner will be penetrated with light, and so kept purified, and the birds will be in the best possible condition. As general thing single story house is best, with the floor one foot or more from the ground. The house should have a pitch roof with the higher side for the front Win dows should be made in front only, as all the available space at the back and sides will be needed for the nests. A proportion which has almost come to be the standard among those who breed pigeons for squab raising is nine feet in front with drop of three feet to the back and about ten feet wide inside; the depth may be somewhat greater than the width. A succession of these lofts may be built as the busi- ness progresses, or they may be put up at the same time. The partitions between the lofts are of boards or of wire netting, as may be preferred.
The Spectator., 1915-11-12

There should be doors leading from one loft to the other with nests up the back and around the sides as far as the doors permit.
 An aviary or fly of wire outside is necessary to the completion of the accommodations for the pigeons that are to be kept by the breeder The fly should be larger than the loft itself. It should be the same height as the house and twice as long. That is. a house of which the boarded part is 10 feet across in front should have the wire fly 20 feet long. A success sion of four of these lofts would make a building 40 feet long and 12 feet wide
 The nests for the pigeons are ar ranged along the back and side walls. They should run from 12 inches from the floor to within the same distance from the r9of, and be little more than three feet wide, so as to divide the back space of ten feet into three equal parts. Be careful not to overcrowd, as it requires skill to handle a large number of pigeons in one loft success fully.
 Each compartment should be fixed in such a way that one end can be darkened, and the nest should be placed at this side. It will be found best to use the earthen nest pans that can be bought from dealers in pigeon supplies, and these should be supplied with material like shavings, pine needles. etc, such as would be suitable for the birds to rest upon. When breeding for profit it is very necessary % curtail all unnecessary expense. A building such as that de- scribed can be put up of plain match boards at the lowest cost possible; if more money is 10 be spent on the building itself, 1t may be papered and clapboarded. which might be better in sections where the winters are ex- ! tremely cold and severe. The cost of | good mated homers from a reliable dealer is two dollars per pair. and it ! does not pay to begin with poor stock. Economize in your building and gen. eral equipment if necessary, but get good birds, if you want to be sure of profitable results. and be sure that ! they are mated.
The Spectator., 1915-11-12
BEST TEST FOR ACID SOILS.
Wisconsin Expert Tells of Device Re-. gently Perfected to Tell Amount
 of Lime Required.

(By E. TRUOG. Wisconsin Experiment
 Station)
 simple little device has been per-. fected which promises to be of great value in improving and developing many of the soils. By it's use it is possible to tell how acid a soil is and how much lime will have to be apIaied to correct this acidity.
 It consists of an alcohol burner, a cup to measure soil, a graduate to measure water, few strips of paper, and some chemicals which can be pur chased at any drug store. It is mo trick" to mix the water, soil and chemicals together in flask and set this mixture over the alcohol burner until it boils. Then by laying one of the strips of paper, soaked in another chemical, over the mouth of the flask for two minutes, observing the color the paper turns and comparing this with a card of standard colors, the farmer knows definitely how much acid is in his soil. The gas given off by the boiling mixture, colors the strips of this paper in shades from light yellow to black, depending on how much acid is present to set free the gas.
The Spectator., 1915-11-12
CARLYLE NOT BAO-TEMPERED
One of His Servants Tells Of His Gratitude for Services Ren-
 dered.

As to the democratic servantbiog- raphess? One of Carlyle's servants, Jesse, who on marrying became Mrs. Broadfoot. has left a very favorable impression of her old master. says the London Standard
 Il could have lived with him all my days" she says, and it always makes me angry when I read. as l sometimes do, that he was badtempered. He was the very reverse. in my opinion. new CT would have heft him when l did if had not heen going to get mar ried. took great pride in attending on him and studying all his wants and wishes.
 Tt was one of my duties to rush out and move on all street organs and things of that kind Many a time in the morning. before he rose. used to fill his pipe, the short clay he used in his bedroom. for him. and strike the match to light 1t. I always cut up his tobacco she bought it in fiat cakesr. and kept his tin box regularly supplied. He wus always 80 grateful for these little services"
The Spectator., 1915-11-12

The house is not big enough to af- ford a dining room Dining rooms are nuisance anyway. Our grand mothers used to cook in the kitchen and lift the hot. steaming appetizers directly from the stove to the table. Modern fashionable inventions for serving meals intervene so many roundabout processes that the best of eatahles are spoiled in the cfrcum- locution.
 Here is kitchen lighted with four windows. and darkened by thick heavy shades that may be pulled down to keep out part or all of the sunlight It has a white floor of hard wood. white baseboard and white window and door trim. with white walls and ceilings, making a model room that is bright enough and clean enough to satisfy the most particular people at meal time or any other time. A cooking range kept in good condi- tion is an interesting article of furni- ture. Probably one of the greatest charms of bungalow life is the oppor- tunity it affords to go back to original simplicity
 Modern house plumbing is repre- scented in the bathroom and at the kitchen sink. where hot and cold wa ter are supplied for domestic pur- poses in the most approved manner.
The Spectator., 1915-11-12
CUTTING HAY AT RIGHT TIME
Task Should Re Performed in Morning After Dew Is Off-legumes Lose
 Their Leaves Readily.

(By J. F. LARSON. Oregon Experiment
 Station)
 Cut hay in the morning after the dew is off and rake into windrows as soon as the leaves are thoroughly wilt ed. Legunes (clover, alfalfa, etc) especially lose their leaves readily and should be cured in windrow and cocks and not fin swath Two or three days in cocks will cure clover hay enough for the now. Be sure all outside moisture (rain and dew) are off and little danger will be ex- perienced in now burning, provided the crop was cut at the proper stage. You cant afford to lose the leaves by swath curing. They represent a large per cent of the nutritive value of the hay.
 If grains are cut for hay, cut in late milk or early dough stage. Allow to wilt and cure some in windrow. then put into cocks of good size. we'll built and solid. The same method will apply to grasses except that they arc often put in the haymow from the windrow.
The Spectator., 1915-11-12
VALUE OF MANURE SPREADER
Bio Advantage Is That It Can Be Used Throughout Growing Season.
 Necessary on Any Farm.

One of the great advantages of the manure spreader over the old way of spreading manure by hand is that it can be used throughout the growing season. The spreader can be adjust ed to give light or heavy applica- tion of manure.
 During the growing season. when ever there is a little time to spare from the regular field work. where it will be feeding crops instead of vast ing away in the barnyard or in the pile.
 With the spreader. manure can be hauled out any time of the year. For this reason alone, saying nothing of the time saved in unloading and the even manner in which the manure is distributed, the spreader is worth many times it's cost. It is just as necessary as wagon on the farm where live ;tock is kept.
The Spectator., 1915-11-12
needed, to be rolled back out of the way when not Haufed

needed, to be rolled back out of the way when not wanted.
 No bungalow IS complete without . chimney and fireplace. If the chim- uey IS built by using rough stones, as the illustration shows. it is all the more artistic. Generally such stone can be picked up in the neighborhood, and there always is a clever mason somewhere within reach who can work such stone into a solid sub stantial chimney that is both useful and ornamental for ever afterwards.
 The fireplace. to pc satisfactory, is lined with fire brick in the usual way, and the hue fs large and drafty. A good draft and good fire are necessarily closely con- nected. A draft is useless without a fire except for ventilation purposes, and a fire is worse than useless with out . draft Some masons forget to build the draft into the chim- ney, and they arc the fellows who are remembered sby house owners for years to come.
 The living room is 19 feet inches by I2 feet, a size sufficient to dress up nicely with the right kind of furniture and rugs. Always a large living room may be made attractive by the artistic use of rugs and furni- ture made to fit into the general dec orative scheme Large living rooms require well-made large pieces of fur niture selected to fit the room. Of course. the woodwork, which always consists of hardwood floor, plain baseboard with window and door trim to match. has a great deal to do with the final finish of the room.
 The front entrance of this little bungalow is built into the corner for | two reasons. It permits a straight passage from the street to the front door, leaving the main part of the front porch or terrace. as such porches are sometimes called, free for chairs and swinging seats The front door opens into a vestibule which contains clothes cupboard that reaches to the ceiling. The cupboard is fitted with large drawers in the bottom to hold articles of clothing that may be stored away in such places, so that the main living room Is left free from disturbances
The Spectator., 1915-11-12
Floor Plan.

which the architect has succeeded in weaving a combination of ideas that result in beautiful picture.
 The front veranda is too wide for the roof so that an awning supported on curved iron brackets is substituted. This arrangement permits of rolling the awning up and back under the caves when not required as a protec- ton against rain or sun. These brackets are blacksmith-made and are rounded outward with hooks at the bottom to catch the curtain pole. The width of the awning and the length of the curtain brackets are measured to correspond so the curtain pole is supported in such a way as to per init the drip to run freely of onto the shrubbery. There also is way to form an cave gutter in the canvas that will lead the rain water off to one corner of the building. It is an ingenious combination of rain and sun protection for temporary use when
The Spectator., 1915-11-12

The alfalfa weevil, introduced into thie country at a single spot near Salt Lake City over ten years ago, has slowly spread throughout the north ern half of Utah, including three of the most productive counties, and taken a foothold in the adjacent parts of Idaho and Wyoming. It destroys about one-half of the annual yield, un- less measures are taken to prevent it.
 The weevils, after spending the win ter in the fields about the roots of the plants, deposit large numbers of pale yellow eggs in cavities made in the stems with their beaks. The little green worms" which hatch from these during spring and early sum- mer, cluster upon the fresh shoots of alfalfa plants and feed. becoming most numerous about June 1, They destroy much of the first crop, injure the quality of what remains, and com pei early cutting to prevent total loss The actual damage to the first crop Is not far from 50 per cent of its value. Upon the cutting of the first crop the larvae gather upon the bit of food which is afforded by the new shoots and destroy them as fast as they ap- pear. This condition lasts until the normal harvest time of the second crop, so that 1t Is a total loss. The damage to the first two crops usually amounts to about one-half the annual yield.
 A valuable method for preventing the injury to the second crop consists In brush dragging the stubble after removal of the first cutting. This was devised by the Utah experiment sta ton in cooperation with farmers. 1t was improved later, however, in ac- tual practice by the adoption of a weighted spike-tooth harrow with sev- oral layers of woven wire stock fenc- ing underneath. instead of the old fashioned brush drag. This treatment was widely adopted as a means of crushing the insects, and also as means of exposing them to the rays of the sun and to the choking action of the dust. The bureau of entomol- ogy has proved that neither the me chanical crushing nor the direct rays of the sun contribute much to the ef- iectiveness of the dust-mulch treat ment, and that most of the insects in all stages die long before they are smothered by the dust. The essential factor in killing the weevils is the heat absorbed by the soil from the suns rays.
 To kill the weevil the surface of the field to be treated must be dry, free from clods. cracks and vegeta- tion. To get best results, however, the sky must be clear and the weather warm. Under these conditions when the soil reaches the necessary temper ature of 120 degrees all stages of the insect are killed in less than two min utes. The second crop of alfalfa is then free to grow. The effectiveness of this treatment. however. is directly proportional to the thoroughness with which the above conditions are con- piled with. If the soil is not in good condition it must be cultivated before dragging. The great objections to this method of fighting the weevil is
The Spectator., 1915-11-12

ligiously observed. The first is that the roof must be low in appearance, and the second is that it must have a wide cave projection.
 There is no room upstairs in a typical bungalow. You couldn't stand up straight in the attic of real bungalow except in the center under the peak of the roof. All sorts of cot tages, story-and-a-half houses and mil lionaire mansions have been wrong fully called bungalows because of the universal desire to maintain the cozy, artistic. comfortable combination which properly belongs to the word bungalow.
 This little three-room affair em- bodies many features of interest. In the first place. the approach from the street is conducted along broad lines The walk leading up to the front steps is eight feet wide. The front steps and the front door are built in pro- portion. Width is the keynote around
The Spectator., 1915-11-12
Is SpIendidIy Shown in This Case,
 Planned for Both Young ~ and Old People.
LOW ROOF AND WIDE EAVES
Of But Three Rooms It Vet Has Many Features of lnterest-Porch, Fire place and Wide Rooms Prom
 ise Comfort and Pleas
 ure to DWeliers.
By WILLIAM A. RADFORD.

Mir. William A. Radford will answer questions and give advice FREE OF COST on all subjects pertaining to the subject of building. for the readers of this paper. On account of his wide experience as Editor, Author and Manufacturer. he is, without doubt the highest authority on all these subjects. Address all inquiries to William A. Radford, No. 1927 Prairie avenue, Chicago. Ill. and only enclose two-cent stamp for reply.
 The idea of owning a typical bunga- low appeals to all young persons and most older people. A real bungalow is low and wide fin proportion. It has a comparatively fiat roof that projects several feet beyond the sides of the house, thereby carrying out the pro- tective principle that the roof is de- signed for.
 The oldtime bungalow idea is splendidly illustrated in the accom- panying picture. and the floor plan is very clearly shown in the diagram. It is a little house about 26 feet square on the ground, but the roof demands considerable more room. The appearance of the bungalow de- pends greatly upon the design and construction of the roof. To get the proper effect two rules must be re-
The Spectator., 1915-11-12
PLACE FOR POTATO STORAGE
Plenty of Ventilation Is Necessary Have the Bins More Than Eight
 Feet Square.

(By A. R. KOHLER. Minnesota Exper-
 iment Station)
 The place for storing potatoes should have plenty of ventilation. Bins ought not to be more than eight feet square and should have slat walls with hollow partitions. Or there should be plenty of ventilating tubes with slat sides re4ching from top to bottom of the bin. Where bins are as large as eight feet square ventilat- ing tube in the middle of each one would be desirable. Ventilation helps. to carry off moisture, thus keeping the potatoes dry, making it possible to cool them of quickly in the fall and keep them cool during the winter
 The best temperature for potatoes is as near 35 degrees Fahrenheit as or several in different locations and at different heights should be kept in the cellar and watched at frequent in- tervals.
 In putting potatoes into a storage cellar they should be run over screen that will take out the dirt Large potatoe cellar should be filled in layers so as to give the potatoes the best possible opportunity to cool of and dry. Dumping whole days digging in one place is not the best practice.
 The best method for keeping mois- ture from collecting on the inside of the roof of potato cellars is to cover them with straw or strawy manure. Plenty nf vanfi1ofio, a1co hal,c
The Spectator., 1915-11-12

rocky fields where cultivation is not desirable.
 Analyses and feeding tests show that there is not the slightest danger of poisoning animals which eat the hay. If the field needs cultivation. combination of both spraying and brush dragging from the standpoint of cultivation, however, is lost when fol- lowed by irrigation.
 Pasture With Hogs in Early Spring.
 The only method which can be rec commended at the present time for protection of the first alfalfa crop is pasturing with ,hogs after the eggs of the weevil are laid in April or May. The field to be pastured is divided into two or more equal lots, each pro- vided with water, shelter and facili- ties for feeding. The hogs should have rings in their noses if the owner wishes to preserve his stand of alfalfa. The hogs are moved from one inclos ure to another as fast as they are able to clean up the growth of alfalfa. A cLndi sTdiu TdtloH suoulu suppleluenl the alfalfa for growing and fattening pigs, but is not to be given the brood sows. Under these conditions the first crop of alfalfa is secured with no labor cost, pork economically pro- duced, and the weevil eggs and lar vac are destroyed before they can do any harm. Thus the field is left clean for the growth of second crop which can be cut for hay.
 The occurrence of weevils in farm products which arc being shipped by freight and express, stored in ware houses and sold in markets has been exhaustively studied with a view to learning how the spread of the insect
The Spectator., 1915-11-12
Giving Melon a Drink.

in the soil within a few inches of the melon hill and fill it with water as often as the dryness of the weather demands.
 Place something over the can to pre- vent the water from evaporating, and it will creep through the holes into the soil, furnishing plenty of moisture to refresh and properly develop the plant
The Spectator., 1915-11-12

into new territory may be prevented. Fruit, vegetables, alfalfa seed and nursery stock contain practically no weevils. with the single exception of potatoes which have been in contact with infested green alfalfa. Alfalfa hay sometimes contains adults and some of them may remain alive for six months in the stack About the only other danger of spreading the weevil is by carrying it in clothing either on the person or in baggage.
The Spectator., 1915-11-12
Most Economical Fruits.

Elephant, entrants and plums will grow themselves, if once started, on almost any farm. and yield abundant ly. These are the most economical fruits grown and among the most wholesome and healthful. They are served on the best hotel. restaurant and dining car tables--especially the first named--and should be on every farm table at least once a day when other fruits cannot be lad.
The Spectator., 1915-11-12
WATER SUPPLY FOR MELONS
in Side May Be Used to Supply Moisture to Plant.

When the season turns extremely dry just before or about the time watermelons begin to ripen, the drought and the consequent slow growth cause the melon to become tough and unpalatable, sometimes un- lit for one to eat at all.
 To guard against these conditions, and the damaging results, punch small holes about the sides and bot. tom of common No. can. sink r.
The Spectator., 1915-11-12
INDIGESTION BAD FOR DUCKS
Good Mixture Is Cornmeai and Fine sand-Always Furnish Ample Sup
 ply of Fresh Water.
(By MRS. w. HARvEY.)

A great many young ducks arc killed by wrong feeding. I feed mine cornmeal and one part fine white sand, or fine gravel sifted.
 Stir the sand and gravel up with your meal and water and feed five times day. Always give an ample supply of fresh water when you feed them. as ducks cannot eat without drinking at the same time. Take the water away when they are through eating.
 tried this plan last year. and raised A out of 60. The year before had 100 hatch but onlx rained ls., I also kept the little1 14ucke e1ut up with the old chicken mether They were . week old before ! TT then out.
The Spectator., 1915-11-12
Tangible Farm Asset.

A high-class, purebred stallion is . real. tangible asset to farm com munity. Patronize such sires and make their continued use possible in your locality. A few dollars saved on service fees by using an undesirable sire is mighty poor economy in the long run.
The Spectator., 1915-11-12

that it requires much cultivation of the alfalfa at the busy having season.
 Poison for Alfalfa WeeviIs.
 Several farmers have adopted the method of spraying the alfalfa stubble with arsenate of lead instead of creat- ing a dust mulch. Apply the poison af the rate of 12 pounds in four bar rels of water per acre. Where large area is to be covered gasoline en- zine for power is necessary. Two lines of hose are operated by two men and bordeaux nozzles held at dis tance of about IF feet from the ground. Equally good work could probably be done with a small quan. fity of arsenate of lead by a better method of distribution. This spray method. however. is better adapted to large fields than the dustmulch meth. cd It is also applicable as we'll to the
The Spectator., 1915-11-12
Lona Felt Want.

Rankin-Umson has taken out pat ent paperA
 PhyIe--Wl1t dia h invent?
 RaRlkin--A dog 1uxxle that will also serve as . na4er for the bark at night
The Spectator., 1915-11-12
Keen chol1p Asa,nv.

Clean water clean paGtuHe. clean pens. clean feeding 1oor and one has every condition right. Savo isolation.. to keep his herd elsan of shaleras .
The Spectator., 1915-11-12
Cement wake Are Cheap.

Marrow cement walks about the buildings are almost as cheap as board walks. ana if made right will never have to be replaced