davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1915-06-27
A SACK IN A Box"

officers of higher rank, who are always
looking for an innovation or an inven
ton, the possession of which means a
real advantage to the navy. To those
men and Secretaries of the Navy the
existence and development of the sub
marine is due. for they are all based
upon the invention Of the American.
Holland, and our navy acquired and
operated the first practical submarine.
1t is quite certain that the allies and
the Germans are building many of
these boats, but in spite of the various
pictures which have been published of
them,x but little is really known of
their number or their design, although
they are thought to have continued the
type in use before the outbreak of hos
size and design as our coast defense
type. 1t is known that the English
government Cancelled an order given
before the war for one large boat of
high speed, and instead contracted for
five of the old type.
1t is known that some of them carry
one or more quick-firing guns. which
at time of submerging sink into open
ings in the deck, where they are COW
cred and protected from the water
These are used against hostile air
ships and upon light warships and
merchant ships.
There is quite a general error 20
the time submarine can run under
water. 1t depends upon the degree of
power used. But. generally speaking,
its supply of electricity is exhausted in
about six hours, and then it can go no
farther until it comes to the surface
and. with the power taken from it's sur
face engines. recharges the storage
batteries. With a view to saving this
power, the Germans early in the war
in the North sea resorted to the very
clever ruse of having an innocent look
ing trawler, disguised as neutral, tow
Evening star., 1915-06-27

that they come from the Himalayas.
Tibet. Mongolia. Siberia. To be pre-
else, they are very tiny rats. The Rus
slams who discovered them counted on
making millions. The supply is great.
but. unfortunately or fortunately, they
have to be worked to initiate their
rich relations of the Andes. and work
ing" is artificial. SO it would appear
that the vast stock which has piled up
in Russia since last August is destined
to delight the modest purses of good
women.
Heart up. Every one shall have fur
trimming.
Striped and zebraed. banded. edged
and spotted. tabled and aproned. yoked.
founced. collared. ruffed and bordered.
the good women viii disport them
selves in new shapes, bumped and
putting, shoulder-caped. hipped- jacket
ed, aye. scolloped. or in lone lines Verti
cally ring-striped. What do | know
They are silhouettes adaped to fur
trimmings
Queer" I said. quitting the great
Paris house of real furS.
Queer" replied Vladimir. but beau
tiful. our sympathles are with all
women. | am glad that they shall have
fur trimmings
STERLING HEILIG.
Evening star., 1915-06-27
AIbino Lake Trout.

A MONG the interesting EXHIBITS at
~ the New York aquarium Is a col
lection of albino trout These crea-
lures which are all of clear cream
white, including their fms, with no
color about them except that of their
characteristic bright ruby-red eyes
are most striking and curious IN APP
pearance.
In it's natural coloring the lake trout
shows on its upper body white or gray
ish spots on a brown background. ON
the larger albiuo lake trout the spots
can be discerned. appearing as very
faint spots of the same color, but OF
"A different weave in woven fabric
These spots show family that they
would never be noticed by one un-
familiar with this species and ITS
markings. To the casual eye these
fishes present bodies of solid unbroken
white.
The lake trout is a handsome hsh.
and these albino trout are perfect
specimens without a blemish. They APP
pear not freaks. but simply as
graceful and beautiful white fishes. To
display them to greater advantage by
contrast the larger albno trout are
shown in a tank of brook trout.
Evening star., 1915-06-27

1y. to run away from it. A speed of
twenty-five knots puts all but the
Swiftest merchantmen at its mercy. as
very few of them can make that speed.
And while the submarine does not dare
on the surface to approach within
range of the guns of Warship, that
speed will enable it to maneuver about
the dreadnaughts and superdread-
naughts. The latter are not fast
enough to withdraw from the sight of
a twenty -five-knot submarine. which
could keep up the chase until opportu-
nifty came for using the torpedo. The
increased power and steanlng radius
will enable it to reach an attacked
point with certainty and in a reason
able time. Such a submarine would
have little difficulty in sailing from
Kiel to the Dardanelles. and would
probably be able to duck" all interfer-
ing warShips.
y =
When it is remembered that the speed
of the crack destroyer Alwyn. with a
displacement of LIS tons. is only 29.5
knots. or AS knots faster than the new
boat, which must he designed to run
under the surface, as well as upon it,;
must carry the weight of her storage
batteries and electric motors. which oc-
cupy space that otherwise might be
given up 10 engine room. and the extra
weight of metal giving the strength to
stand the pressure of water at depth
of 200 feet. it will be seen that the
naval engineers have A rather difficult
problem. which is further complicated
by the fact that the Diesel engines usu-
ally placed in submarines are neither
as well understood nor as powerful as
the steam engine.
one bold way suggested to overcome
the last difficulty is to substitute steam
for the internal combustion engines
This can be done by installing them in
4 separate water-tight compartme ent,
with te1escopic smokestacks to be taken
down and the openings covered with
valves when about to SubmerSe. The
boilers would be heated with oil fue!,
which, when the boat was about to sub
merge, could be cut off. putting out the
furnace fires Immediately. There are
objections to this. among them the
Evening star., 1915-06-27
The Two Classes.

rTs HE late Charles F'rohman used to
u divide Americans into two classes
those who dine in evening dress and
those who dine in their shirt sleeves.
"Or, to put il better" Mr.. Frohman
would say the two great American
classes are, first. those who dress for
dinner. and. second, those who undress
for dinner" -
Evening star., 1915-06-27

present new problems for the naval
constructors. This does not mean that
they do not offer problems. for there
are many old difficulties to be over
come ana the constructors know that
they are responsible for the lives of
the men who Will enter and handle
these dangerous boats.
But interest centers in the new boat s
deSi Signed to make the wonderful speed
of twenty-five knots. The object of in
creasing the speed is 10 take away the
present defense which surface yes
sells have against the submarine. name
Evening star., 1915-06-27
Seven Chances.

6S1r HE good business man turns
erythinS-weather. war, crops
to practical use in his business"
The speaker was George w. Perkins
the millionaire of New York. He con-
tinued:
thing to practical use toward getting
settled in life. you know
II said the other day to girl:
".Well. have you learned to swim yet
this summer
.''oh. yes she answered, seven
times"
Evening star., 1915-06-27
lOkED, FLOUNCED AND SCALLOPED.
RUFFLED LIKE CLOWNS, IN
ERMINE.

saaIslinso Pardon, sealskin is made
equally, from rabbit. Rabbit sealskin
has softness and a luster all it's own.
And should the schoolgirl need more
skunk, it is made from the European
marmot. not to mention the American
The American opossum comes entirely
from Australia
Moleskin is highly fashiona BILE
trimming: Moleskin is beautiful and
fairly expensive. Yet You VIII see
Evening star., 1915-06-27
avy Leads in Development Of the Submarine

But Perfection Country
Forms Defense Not Be Overcome by
neutrality-suspicious. Made Submrnhe Two
SpeedEuropem War
FgsBs Being Constructed by the Allies and Germany
Jn1 of Pesent-Day Craft.
Evening star., 1915-06-27

black you do not dip it-nothing that
resembles vulgar dyeing-but you touch
II with the dye brush. Lustre is the
right word. Marvellous productlon.'
And this, mind you. is the most ex-
pensive furrier in the world. You pay
your money and take your choice. the
natural or the lustre.
But the Rue de la Paix forced to
praise the dye brush. what shall it not
be in the world of good women?
Take a skin of which America is king
the seal
The most beautiful seals are Alas
kan" said Vladimir, "and your govern
lnent takes care of them. The hunt is
restricted. and only the American seal
may enter America. We used to buy
beautiful skins as low as SIG. Now you
cannot have them for $50. beautiful
seal coat used to cost s4OO. Today you
pay s1.400.'
Yet never were so many splendid seal
skin coats worn.
The cities are full of them, dark, vel
vety. supple, cut "dressmaker, in gra-
cious lines.
Again the dye brush, plus shave and
haircut.
Even the great fashionabl furriers
honor the product, which is clipped or
shaved rat The inventor of the proc
ess has become a millionaire. You take
a ratskin. and another, and a lot more.
Sew them side by side. like 4 patch
work quilt. Give it haircut-the ma
chine cannot be bought. it must be
rented on royalty. The smoothing
shave comes next. Then dye it, doll it,
by unpatented secret processes.
Muskrat. which the French call mus
quash, makes the most expensive arti-
ticial sealskin The exclusive fashion
able houses only work in musquash
seal. but the big brown sewer rat gives
a charming product. and the rusty dock
rat. except that his skin is tender, not
to mention river rats from South
America. so plentiful that man has
invented machine to skin them auto
matically.
Wonderful dye brush, The real, nat
ural seal invariabl must be dyed. Why
not the rat seal? Is it beautiful? Yes
Is ii durable? Almost
These questions satisfactorily an
swered. the advantage of price strikes
the modern woman.
A large sum invested in single gar
ment is a risk.
How avoid moth?" | asked.
Evening star., 1915-06-27
Special Correspondence ~ The star.

SPECIAL LpfresF,Dndcn"e 0' The star.
PARIS, June Is. 1915
~ CREAMING styles are in the air
~ for autumn.
n This is not 4 fashion article,
~ but. rather. sociological, esthe-
tic. sporting and industrial, with a
dash Of natural history ami judicious
inquiry why they DO it.
what all these queer shapes?
Stihouettes to set off fur trimmings.
Dressy Office girls are liable to go
down town IN shoulder capes with
falling tabs as big as aprons, striped
wIth-wait. Ill tel! YOU
Struggling wives VIII stroll 70 NOV
ing pictures in coat-capes. bumped.
fiounced and putting, boTdered with
" ide bands of-patience'
and. 1 tell you school girls, shop
Evening star., 1915-06-27
ALL HANDS on DECK.

aeroplane goes above ii contributes as
much to their success that of the
air pilot to the air machine. The cap
tain must possess peculiar qualities.
not the least of which is the ability
to secure the absolute confidence OF
his crew, certain even, systematic
way and a nerve and brani that work
like lightning in an emergency. or he
will not be able to keep his boat in or
der or to save it i'll case of accident
1t is generally recognized by mill
tary men of both army and navy that
this country is open to an attack by
any first-claSs European power or COM
bination of them whose naves can
overwhelm the American fleet. OF
course. it is not possible for them to
drop their own qudrrelS now. bat when
this conflict is over our day may come.
No ella IS of persons in the world SO
earnestly desire peace as the military
officers. who know the horrors Of war
but they also know the weakness of
treaties of peace and the disregard of
The Hague conventions when nation
is engaged in a conflict in which the
stake is all that the genius of that ma
tion stands for. Not the least of the
horrors of wal. is the putting aside Of
all the nobler feelings and emotions OF
the fighters and taking on the very
passion of hatred, so that all feelings
of fairness and justice give way to the
necessity of self-preservation.
~
The affairs of nations, through COM
merce and exchange. are so intimately
interviewer and modern means Of
communication have so far annihilate ted
distance that complications may arise
which the most temperate statesman
ship cannot overcome. Then will come
the strain upon the first line of the
countrys defense-the navy.
1t has never failed in any task as
signed to it. But the daring seaman
ship of John Paul Jones would avail
him nothing in his old converted mer-
chairman if he had to meet a modern
gunboat. The Constitution and the
Essex would be easily overtaken and
sunk by 4 destroyer. and the greatest
battleships of all time Will go down
before the elusive submarine Not that
battleships are no longer necessary.
but If the fleet of the American navy
were supplemented by a sufficient num-
ber of submarines 40 nation would
ia he the risk of sending to our shores
an army in transports until the sub
marines Were controlled, and so far
there is no way known of controlling
them or even of detecting their pres
ence with certainty until they are
about to strike their fatal blow
Evening star., 1915-06-27

tons. who have it Jumped with the
storage. never keeping their furs at
home through the summer. Naturally,
the great houses refuse to tell their
trick. The premiums are all pure
profit. 1t is said they never lose a
skin or garment.
Now, insurance on a fifty-dolIar stole
of dyed black fox-beg pardon luster-
is more reasonable than on the natural
ARTICLE, worth $4,000. Worse. a second
skllp is needed for the rfuf, which
makes $4,000 as against 500.
II an comes to this said de La
MARIE women of all categories rich
and otherwise, know and love beautiful
things nowadays, and are not content
with single fur garment"
Which brings on the trimming craze
1T is not our fault" he repeated
"lt is a world current"
never We're natural skins so dear
NO matter. The market is continually
rising. 1t makes no difference. Since
the war broke out. in August last
there has been no market 1t is moth,
ing.
The Leipzig fair took place for Ger
many only Great quantities of beaver
ana astra khan We're sold for richer
oificers. The rest was army furnishing.
sheep, lamb. etc. What do women
hno" nov or care, in Paris and New York;
me times are ripe. The war strikes
the hour of new outlines. Ernine
chlnchilla. sables-tails putois (itchI
nsht fox mole and flying squirrel are
me extremely fashionable furs for
trimmings.
Not to mention skunk,
The skunk comes from America. :,
sad NJ. de Lamarre. I'VE used to buy
them FOR 81 or 81 per skin. Today they
are worth up TO 500 per skim
Evidently. the struggling wife (you
say) will find skunk trimming dearc
No. Skunk trimming is within the
reach of all. 1t is made from 1ying-
squirrel.
when well worked" said Vladimir
the imitation is excellent. Do not i'm
agine for moment that the house of
Grunwaldt deals in it. I tell YOU these
things because you ask me. 1t is a
world current"
But. flying squirrel. you say, is itself
almost dear? Pardon. Flying squirrel
is made from the hairy rat of the
Orinoco. The rivers swarm with them.
from Brazil to the Argentine, But, you
Evening star., 1915-06-27

Which makes the second step toward
the fur-trimming craze.
Scarcity-and the dye brush.
He brought out two lovely, lustrous
black fox stoles / chose the most beau
tiful II proved TO be a 'lustre"-red
Canadian fox, tinted black wlth the
dye brush-worth $50.
The other exactly like it, but SEEM
ing TO me- slightly less beautiful was
a real, q natural black fox, worth
$1,000.
Ten dyed black foxes are sold for
one natural one" said NJ. de Lamarre: :
even to rich women. The difference of
price is great. and the dyed product
bea autiful The red fox of Canada
used to be considered trash. Today it
is handsome fur of itself. To make it
Evening star., 1915-06-27

coats of brocade, faring, swelling
ermine cuffs on flowing sleeves. vast
square-cut ermine collars. and -
X
Vladimir Grunwaldt told me. Mi
chailovich Grunwaldt, his father, con-
frmed it.
1T is not our fault said Vladimir.
''lt is the loye of the beautiful
He referred especially TO little dogs,
cats, rats and rabbits.
1t is almost paradoxical
''Rich American women set the pace
he said. by loving only beautiful
things"
This is the Rue de Ia Paix, remember
He showed me punches of silvered
S.blss, the most precious in the world,
worth $1,000 per skin. They We're al
most dull anaranthine black with
little white hairs as the American
women say
"Or these" said Vladimir, with
darker lines down the back, which
prefer mantle or long coat requires
100 to li5 skins. You can have beauti
ful, natural dark skins from $3.50
apiece good. not extra. to $500 and
5000 ,for extra, and down to $50 and
800 for cheap. A child can calculate
it. Nine. Vanderbilt had one made.
twelve years ago, for $4,000 Today
il would cost double.
You see il is a sum.
Loving the beauty OF only the best"
even our rich women hesitate 4 [ q sa BILE
roat that costs $4,000 or $50 00a This
hesitation is the first step toward the
trimming craze.
These beautiful saJles are only ex-
ceptionally used for garments said
the son Of the Grunwaldts, but rather
for stoles. NUTS and parures."
So. il is true Of the beautiful" furs In
general black fox silver fox. chin
chIlia, kanchatka beaver and
mine. a "be;-utIful' chinchilla mantle
costs $4,000. The cheapest. at $1,000.
mo American woman would look at
II"
- DcInidoH might order black fox
pe!ssr, said NJ de Lanarre, coming
up. He IS one Of the great fur experts
of the world II have made nantles
lined with black fox for $4,000. but
not recently for men. Even astrakhan
has gone away UP in the past two
years. 4 long coat may cost from $500
to 81 900"
Evening star., 1915-06-27
COAT CAPES. HI MPED, BOX PLEAT-
ED AND FLOI>CED, BORDERED
WITH WIDE BANDS.

girls. rich girls, poor old ladies with
no back teeth. aye. and blooming brides
OF maniacal business men viii spread
themselves in his Jackets with snaky
standing collars, spotted like a
pard, in long straight coats. yoked,
founced and scalloped. ruffed like
clowns Cbut it is weazeD; in shaped
Evening star., 1915-06-27

crew or of the boat. which will be men
toned in all histories of submarines,
the U-9.
In this country the rate of construc-
ton of submarines has been slow.
There are few yards which undertake
to build them and they take a long
time to complete them.
Under present conditions it will take
about twenty months from the signing
of the contracts before the submarines
of the first class will be delivered and
about thirty months before those of
the second class will be completed. In
case of need this time could be short
ened. but not SO very much, and a pa
per fotilla has no defensive value in
time of war
This delay has been, in part due to
financial conditions and, in part, to the
requirement of perfect construction.
one of which is submergence to the
depth OF 200 feet, where the pressure
is tremendous, before acceptance. In
the twelve years since the Holland was
launched not many have been built, and
both naval constructors and builders
have had to feel their way The Diesel
internal combustion engine the crea-
tion of only a little more than ten
years, is quite complicated and has by
no means reached its perfect develop
ment. The early submarines used gaso-
line engines.
X X
The early boats, sent to the Philip
pines and to western waters with the
idea that they We're drawing to the end
of their usefulness and would never be
brought back, have behaved well, and,
with the exception of the F4, which
was sunk at Hawaii, have been giving
very little trouble, although constantly
cruising and submerging in the compe-
titioas which are carried on. The new
er and supposedly stronger and better
boats were retained on the Atlantic
coast, and for some reason these are
the ones which have given most trou-
BILE
Their showing after the recent re-
view in New York harbor has drawn
the attention of the department to
these boats, and it has accordingly re-
organized the flotilla, putting Capt.
Grant in command, charged with the
duty of ascertaining, and, if possible.
removing, the causes of the trouble, for
there is no good reason why the At
lantic fiotilla should not make a show
ing even better than the older boats in
the Pacific.
The handling of the boats which go
below the surface of the water as an
Evening star., 1915-06-27

bands of moleskin three deep on the
yoked coat of the fiowerfaced shopgirl
How? Why?
Moleskin is made out of little dogs.
And rabbits.
Ermine ruffs. square turnover col
lars, ermine cuffs and edgings lend
purity and freshness to young beauty.
1t is the emblem of purity and honor
without stain. Ermine. you say. is eN-
pensive. Since the middle ages. it has
garbed royalty and the judges of men.
Ermine is made from the white do
mestic cat.
So, the proud woman, with her
wealth. you conclude, must fall back
on chinchilla. 1t is the choicest of in
door furs. No other skin so resembles
the plumage of doWny- -feathered BIRDS
as the skin of the little mouse of the
Andes Chinchlla becomes rarer and
more costly each year. Chlnchllia TRIM
ming is the appanage OF the rlch.
1t is hard to be exclusive these days.
Girls who wish to hold your heads up.
ask for Asiatic chinchilla. Real. no
imitation.
They are real chinchlla mice, except
Evening star., 1915-06-27

perfumes" blurted out man who
stood by
Vladimir frowned slightly. He ad-
mitted, simply. the existence of fur
perfumes. as such. Women like them"
he said.
How avoid mothso' l repeated to
the furriers.
Insure" laughed Vladimir.
Evening star., 1915-06-27
AROUND THE COMING TOWER.

The Fur Trimming With First Cool of Rabbits
Cats, Rats and Dogs Manufacture Imitation the
Dye Brush Paris Fashions Will
Shapes Goats and Cps the Season
Fus the FrenchD Depend Upon nCusom
Evening star., 1915-06-27

NN NHE perfection of the submarine
has not been attained. and the
i'll progress of its development is
so rapid that what took place
last month passes into history and is
not the standard for next months con-
struction. But, with it all, the United
States is, except in numbers. the leader
OF the worlds navies in the develop
ment of this type of craft.
The submergence to invisibiIity of
the submarine is defense not to be
overcome by any known means of at
tack. only when it comes sufficiently
near the surface to deliver its torpedo
is it vulnerabl to the assault of hos
tile ram gunfire. Many of the
brightest and most scientific minds in
the world are engaged upon the prob
lem of how to resist and how to attack
submarines and, SO far no conclusive
answer has been found. Enough is
known of what submarines have ac-
complished in the way of attacking
and driving from its positions the
greatest naval armament the world has
ever know n, and in the damage done to
English commerce in the forbidden
zone, to show the present value of this
new engine of naval war. and until
defense is found no one can tell the
limit of the dreadful powers of this
sort of boat as they increase in size
and speed.
4 sufficient number Of these vessels
on the Atlantic coast would be such a
menace that it would not be feasible
for any European nation to send troop
ships and transports to this side of the
Atlantic until the silent. mysterious
boats have been disposed of, and there
is no way known to dispose of them.
They cannot be attacked by enemy
submarines. for under water they are
blind. In any event il would take SO
long to dispose of a large number of
submarines. if we had them, that the
time gained would be OF inestimable
value for the conversion of our ma
tional resources into war assets.
The last session of Congress appro-
priated S550,000 for each of sixteen
submarines for harbor and coast de-
fense, and s1.500,OoO for each of two
submarines to be seaeoing fleet SUBJ
marines with a surface speed of as
near as possible to twenty-five knots.
Those OF hfe first class are to be mere
" improvements upon the commits
stoned coast defense boats and do not
Evening star., 1915-06-27

Such. indeed. is the practice Of FASH
ionable women, even with their imita-
Evening star., 1915-06-27

6NHE perfection of the submarine
has not been attained. and the
ii progress of its development is
- r.uiI tLaf -E.at Nh
Evening star., 1915-06-27

coats of brocade faring, swelling
ermine cuffs on flowing sleeves, vast
square-cut ermine collars, and --