davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-01-26
THE SUN, TUESDAY, JANUARY 2e, 1915.

nought. which led the list Of battle
ships using the IL inch gun Two
other ships with batteries of 1875 inch
guns, the Princess Royal and Monarch,
made 7S6 and 766 points respectively
II Is to be noted that the Lion,
which took such prominent part
in the sea fight in the North Sea-
made very low score with her
1873 inch guns, 334 points; and
the lndomltable. another British
cruiser engaged, also did poorly with
her II inch guns in the practice, MAX
ing but 4st points Excellent work
was done with 13.5 inch guns in an.
other gun laying test, Of which we
have this account: an one case four
successive shots were put through the
same hole in the target and some Of
the gunncrs made hit with every
round they fired"
The British crews had wonderful
weapon in the 13.5 inch gun in the bat.
tie between Admiral BEATTY's squad.
ron and the big German raiders, AMI
there were no less than thirty of these
guns on the Lion, Tiger and Prince
Royal. Add the eight IL inch guns
on the New Zealand and Indomitabe
respectively, forty.slx great guns in all,
and it is apparent that the Germans,
with their eight IL inch guns on the
Derfilingcr, ten II inch guns on the
Seydlitz and Moltke respectively. and
twelve 80 inch guns on the Bluecher,
were at disadvantage which could
have been overcome only by eXtraordl-
nary superiority in craftsmanship. Con
sdering what the Germans thought
about the big guns on their ships in
commission. and their satisfaction with
their gunnery in practice, the victory
of the young British Admiral must he a
bitter disappointment.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-01-26
No Compulsory PardOns.

The supreme Court of the United
States has once more solved a Iii fiicult
situation by the application of the rule
Of reason. II has decided that the
President could not impose upon clti-
zen an unsolicited pardon for offences
for which he had not been indicted or
convicted and which he may not even
have committed.
This Is unquPstionahy good law, since
the Supreme Court says so. In add.
ton it is good SENSE The invention Of
the compulsory pardon added n new
and most exasperating peril to life and
character. A pardon implies an offence
and so carries a stigma with It,
II it were competent for the Execu.
tive to inhict such an injury in order
TO carry out some purpose of his own,
regardless of the desire or interests Of
the victim. new and evil weapon
would be placed in the hands OF the
Government and one of the highest
rights of the citizen, the right Of keep
ing his name clear Of official Condem-
nation save by due process of law,
would be filchpd from him.
The present decision does MOI touch
the main issue In the case of Mr..
GEORGE BURDICK, formerly city editor,
aud Mr. WILLIAM l.. CURTIN, a reporter,
on the Tribune staff, These gentlemen
in accordance with the ethics Of jour.
nalism refuse to reveal for the use of
the Federal District Attorney the
source OF certain Information which
they published, The question whether
the confidential relation between news
paper and informant is inviolable, like
that of lawyer and client or doctor and
patient. remains unsettled.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-01-26

The sea fight in the North Sea in
which the Germans lost the armorcd
cruiser Bluecher. the most powerful
vessel OF their navy after the group
OF battle cruisers, afforded a test Of
gun power, craftsmanship and battle
tactics that must be satisfactory to the
British and disappointing to the Ger
mans. 1t is singular, but nevertheless
true, that the Germans before the war
considered the $4,000 pound prOirc.
tile Of their IL inch gun as destructive
at battle range MS the l,2JOl 400 shell
fired by the British 1875 inch gun, not
withstanding the fact that the burst
ing charge OF the British 1873 inch gun
is one third heavier than that of the
German IL inch. The Dertfllnger, one
Of the four cruisers engaged in the
North Sea fight, carried eight II inch
guns. OF the power of their II inch
guns, Of which the Seydltz and Moltkc,
two of the other battle cruisers en-
gagged carried ten each, the Germans
also had an exaggerated idea, due to
their supreme confidence in the genius
of KRUPP.
Admiral BRrUsING, n retired officer,
AT meeting Of the Navy League Mt
Wiesbaden before the war. talked with
great confidence OF the result of an en-
counter between the first line ships OF
the two nations. "The German feet"
said he. will probably enter into this
close action already possessing an adj
vantage, due mainly TO its excellent
Krupp gun material, which England
simply cannot equal The British, on
the other hand, have Wanted their
13.5 inch gun above the II inch gun
made by any other Power, and they
have made light Of the Germans esti-
mate Of their II inch gun. Remarkable
scores have been reported in practice
10y the British with the 135 inch gun.
They have done better work with Il
than with the IL inch gun. Thus the
King George V, has made 97i points
with the gun of larger calibre, as com
pared with SOL points for the Dread
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-01-26
The Employer. the Union and the Man

The effect of the Supreme Court de.
cislon In the labor case under the So
called coercion statute OF Kansas sim
ply puts the rights OF all parties-em-
ployers. employees and labor unions-on
II basis OF equality. 4 labor union &C.
cepts or rejects It's members on its own
conditions An employer engages his
men or discharges them on his own
conditions The worker has the nj.
most freedom in choosing between the
two. but he cannot force himself upon
either.
If both the employer and the union
are agreeable he may adhere to both.
II the union makes It condition of
membership that he abandon the EN-
ployer, he must comply. II he refuses,
the union may cut him of Conversely, IL
the employer makes il condition that
he shall leave the union. he must com.
ply II he refuses. the employer may
discharge him.
The rule seems to be absolutely log.
ical and ethical. II Is in accord with
the strict demands of fair play. II is
not blow at the reasonable operation
OF the unions. II simply dissolves an
alliance between unionlsm and the law
making power which left the employer
helpless to choose his own assistants.
The decision draws the teeth of the
Kansas statute which made it unlaw-
full for any one 10 coercc or influence
another 10 make an agreement not TO
belong to a labor union as condition
Of employment Fourteen States alto.
gether have similar laws. so the le.
cision will have potentially sweeping
effect. II must he remembered, how.
ever, that the extreme position as.
sumed by the 81. Louis and San Fran
cisco Railway of Scott, Kan. in this
case il very unusual. being the reversed
case Of the closed shop. The attitude
Of the employer who does not freely
accept unlonism is usually in favor of
tho open shop.
This the unions habitually combat by
the exclusion or expulsion Of men who
dIF WHINE W N'lh WIN u'u-uul'lllNlN'
According TO the reasoning Of Justice
pITNEY such action would seem To he
prohibited from this time forward
| Thus. perhaps, the most Important ef-
feet Of the present decision may he in
the long run to promote by protecting
| the open shop idea rather than to en-.
courage the extreme policy Of exclusion
on the employers part.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-01-26
The Income Tax and the Ship Purchase
nlII

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Str:
Kindly accept the gratitude of one Amer
lean citizen for your prompt and vigorous
championship OF the rights OF the peo-
pie through your editorial columns.
How vitality necessary In time like
the present Is your prompt exposure OF
the latest and most unjust ruling on the
already distorted income tax law.
What a feeling OF safety follows your
sane and just arraignment OF the follles
and the danger to this country's hereto
fore highly honored position among ma
tons contained in tho villainous ship
purchase bill.
Never in recent years have the people
at large so badly needed fearless and
tireless champion of their rights. Never
in recent years have they been compelled
to let go their last hope for safe and sane
guidance OF the public interests and Just
rights.
The average man to-day is too hope
lessly Disguised to raise his voice in pro-
test AT the injustice imposed upon him
from Washington from the fountain head
OF trouble to the majority power Of
trouble.
May THE SUN keep on the watch and
carry on its good work looking after
justice for the people D. II.
New YoRK, January 20.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-01-26
FOR THE UNEMPLOYED.
The Columbia Professor Of Agriculture on
Farm Work as a Resort and Resource,

To THE EDITOR or THE SuN--Sir:
have read with real interest the article
by Mr.. John II, Mcmahon IN last sun
days issue Of Tue sun. Many OF the
solid citizens of this city might we'll take
a second thought OF the possibility suE-
Rested by Mr.. Mcmahon. AS well. some
OF the multitude Of unemployed in and
about tho city might turn their attention
very properly to matters that relate 20
farming.
In many parts OF Europe 1t is said
farmers do not take kindly to any move
ment on the part of private institution
or OF the State 10 Increase the number Of
operators OF land This condition does
not prevail in America, not even about
our great cities. though in the latter case
IL cannot he truthfully said that new
Corners in an organized field are cordially
welcomed. Out ia ii,- open country. he"
ever, there is room for the man or woman
or man, woman and family, willing 20 in
vest means, time and good will In uten-
sve or extensive. specialized or general
farming.
For the unemployed this is a period OF
resting on the oars. Favorable work
wea Their here IN the city may come sooner
than we can foresee. In this waiting time
OF unemployment OF wits in tho accus-
toned way there should be opportunity
for study OF new ways OF living. Many
with city living only as a background
might study inc OUTLOOK 10 FARMING out
the many who know country and farm
life as condition Of their youth might
with advantage rediscover the new the
''scicntihc' agriculture. 4 casual study
by some people OF tho possibilities Of back
yard farming in the committing zone may
make unnecessary at this time an attempt
TO break with work ideals. Back yard
farming has among other things this In
its favor. namely. it Is a safer introduce
ton into subsistence farming than are
many other ways OF entry.
Most OF the valuable printed material
relating TO present day farming In all of
its phases can be had for the asking II
one only knows how and where to ask
Much solid instruction in regular farm
projects such as poultry. vegetable, fruit
dairy and hog farming Is offered free A
course OF fifteen free public lectures, &C
companied with free conference hours. is
offered by Columbia University cooperat-
ing with the New York State Department
Of Agriculture. The second lecture, "Es-
sential Factors In Poultry Management, "
will be given by Mr.. Robert =. Trask
poultry expert, New York state Depart
ment of Agriculture. on Friday. January
90, at 4:lO i. NJ, In Room sos, Scher-
merhorn Hall. Columbia University, ll6th
street and Broadway. o. 5. MORGAN,
Professor Of Agriculture.
NEw YoRK, January e.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-01-26
FOR NATIONAL DEFENCE.
Admiral Chadwick Tells why n Great
Navy, Not a Great Army, Is Needed.

To THE EDITOR or THE SuN--Sir: AS
we seem to be aroused somewhat to the
subject Of national defence, / beg to
offer some views as to the method OF
arriving at completeness at least cost.
II there Is any absolute fact 1t is
that our pension laws prohibit the EN-
ployment OF a large army In war, unless
we propose to risk bankruptlng tine ma
ton. To saddle ourselves with the
pensions Of say. 1000. 900 men. in addi-
ton to the pensions amounting now to
nearly 5000, 900. 900 a year for the REM
nants of the army OF the civil war and
for the comparatively few OF the Span
ish war. is from an economic view an
impossible thing to contemplate.
understand that we have already
paid over $4,000 900 in pensions for the
men employed in the ll3 days war
with Spain, though not more than "A
seventh OF those enrolled ever LETT the
country or saw an enemy.
What I am about TO suggest does not
mean that we do not need an army.
We need a considerable one of highest
quality. and we can never. given our
present conditions expect to have a
great army of such quality Any large
army with us must be an imprOvised
body, and such an improvisation is. as
every reasonable man knows, useless
against a powerful disciplined force.
But no army whatever of any size or
any quality can prevent blockade or
the occupancy Of important ports Of
our coast. Security against invasion
and blockade. our safety. in a word, can
only be assured by navy, and this
should be so powerful as to be abso-
lutely preventive of attack.
And not only does a powerful navy
assure safety, but IL assures constant
readiness, economy in upkeep, and, as
said, economy most Of all in pensions.
For a feet OF even eighty battleships
with It's adjuncts Of cruisers, sub
marines, &c. power equal to any com
bination against us. would require but
about 10000 men and the first cost Of
raising our feet to such a level would
be but a bagatelle compared with the
fixed charges of future pensions
I would put this first cost at $780,
100000 the equivalent roughly OF
three years of our present pension
payments. +. +. CHADWICK.
NEWPORT. r. J., January "a.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-01-26

ished memories has been infiamed into
fierce partisanship. in some cases
even to the exclusion Of the notion OF
primary obligation TO the adopted
country and flag. THE Sun has actu.
ally received letters from German.
Americans" avowlng American citizen.
ship and yet declaring that American
action fatally unfavorable to Ger.
many's cause would result in civil wIr
in this country. These are extreme
cases. but they illustrate the dlsposi 81
ton of so many worthy people to ".
more the fact that there Is no place for
deutschland ueber Allies" on this side
of the water and in American bosoms.
deutschland uebcr Allies" we re
peat, has no place in the lexicon Of any
American citizen, whatever his racial
sympathy aud family tree. AS sub
stitute for that sentiment, so respect
able in its own proper quarter, we beg
leave to OFFER to Mr.. HERMAN RIDDEH
aud the rest Of our German. American
fellow citizens the variant displayed at
the head Of this article. 1t fits the sit.
uation much better.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-01-26
One Thing That Ais the Department
Of Education.

We do not pretend to trace to one
source the causes of all the acknowl.
edged weaknesses of the public educa-
ton system in this town: weaknesses,
we are glad Ia say. which do not pre-
vent that system from accomplishing
many admirable and highly creditable
results. But the manual just issued
by the Board of Education discloses
one potent disturbing factor in the mul-
tiplicity of laws affecting that body in
the discharge of its duties.
The educational chapter OF the Char
ter occupies in the pamphlet before Us
ninety pages, the constitutional
provisions relating 10 education require
one page. The provisions Of the educa.
tion law appcrtainlng 10 the Board Of
Education nil twenty pages. Other
statutes relating To schools which must
he considered when the board trans
acts its business require fifty-fouI
pages for their setting forth. And
these statutes. as is the habit Of such
enactmcnts. overlap. contradict anI
generally confuse each other in a man.
ner calculated to I'LL litigious person
with JOY.
Is 1t matter for wonder, when thi,
mass of statutory enactment Is cOnsid-
cred, that the Board of Education at
times seems to be entirely at sea in the
ordering of its policy?
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-01-26
SAY BUS co. SERVES
TRACTION TRUST"
Lawyers for New Concern Call
Old Line Stopgap for
PETERBOROUGH.
PENNSYLVANIA ALLY

Reasons why the use OF motor buses I'm
New York streets should be extended ,rI
charge that the Fifth Avenue Cot..,
Company is trying to enlarge and p,rpctt..
ate a monopoly that it formerly held n.
law are set forth In a brief submitted tn
the franchise committee OF the Road u,
Estimate by Bainhridge Colby and W.I.
lam r. Wilcox, a. counsel fur tho s. ,
York Motor Bus Company. This corpp..-
tlon Is one OF several which have as0.e|
the city for franchises
Until the law was changed so as "a ad-
NIT OF competition, largely through the
efforts of Mayor Gaynor, says tho brief.
the Fifth avenue company made no cffo#t
to amplify its service or even to cover tho
route 1t was privileged to serve II Was
designed as "A sort OF rear guard pro.
lection to the traction combine against the
contingencies OF future surface competi-
ton and IL was content to play the part
of II sleepy sentinel and stop gap for tho
Interborough."
According to the brief the New York
Motor Bus Company wants to operate
buses between Fourteenth and lg3d
streets, traversing Broadway and Park
avenue. with the privilege OF reaching
Fifth avenue from both Broadway and
Park avenue.
at Is apparent" says the brief. that
the Fifth Avenue Coach Company consd.
ers that II has an exclusive right 10 the
use OF Fifth avenue. This is in fact untrue.
In law It is unfounded. and from the
standpoint OF the public interest II is a
claim which Is not for a moment admissl-
Bile. To protect the monopoly OF Fifth
avenue the cry OF safety and congestion
has been raiscd.'
Assuming from a remark made at .
recent hearing that tina BenDgN1NauF4
Railroad desires that only tho Fifth
Avenue Coach Company shall have access
to the Pennsylvania Station Messrs.
Colby and Wilcox say:
not dwelling for moment upon the
absurdity of great railroad trying 20
isolate itself from contact with the
travelling public, we merely mention In
passing that there is a very suggestive
interlocking OF directors between the
Pennsylvania Railroad and the Inter-
borough Railway Company OF this city,
which in turn controls the New York
Transportation Company, which in turn
controls. through stock ownership the
Fifth Avenue Coach Company. II e
apparently the design OF this astute and
somewhat adroit monopoly to appropriate
the heart OF the motor bus transportation
field while leaving to it's competitors the
empty privilege Of spending their capital
and wasting their energies In operating
buses around the Improbable peril hery
OF the rich central district occupied by the
Fifth Avenue Coach Company"
Residents of Park avenue have Informed
the Board Of Estimate that they don't
want motor buses.
THE Park avenue protest" says the
brief "is the centuries old protest against
all change and innovation. Thess *
cellent gentlemen will ind their property
enhanced by "A bus line on Park lvenu"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-01-26
BRYAN AFTER MORE TREATIES
Wants Additional Land on Nicsr-
sguan Canal Route.

WAsHiNGToN Jan. 25.-Secretary BRYAN
explained to callers to-day the position
of the state Department in regard 20
claims presented by Costa Rica, Salvador
and Honduras In connection with Tho
pending treaty with Nicaragua. This treaty
provides that for SO. 1000, 900 Nicaragua II
TO give the United States an option m
the Nicaraguan interoceaniC canal route
naval base site on the Bay OF Fonseca
and Big and Little Corn islands
The Secretary said that from the first
he took the position that he would h
ready to negotiate with them at any time
similar treaties providing for the pur-
chase by the United States OF an onunr
on Costa Rica's part In the San Juan
River canal route and the right 10 estsh-
fish naval base in the Gulf OF Fons'Cs
on the llonduran and Salvadoran coasts.
All three countries, Nicaragua, Honduras
and Salvador. have part OF their bound
aries on this coast line
II is understood that Costa Rica = pre-.
pared to accept Secretary Bryans oncf
and negotiate a treaty
Secretary Bryan holds that IL is tho
part Of wisdom for the United states -
owner OF the Panama Canal to assure
TO itself control and use OF the Nicer
aguan canal route. Proposals Of European
combinations 10 purchase the rights to the
Nicdrdguan route have repeatedly caused
some anxiety here and have been a cor-
tinual cause of agitation in Central Amer
lea. These suggestions would end II ne
pending treaty were ratified.
Mr.. Bryan also regards the naval base
site and the two Islands which Nicaragua
is To cede as valuable considerations t',m
the standpoint OF the United States
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-01-26
ATTACKS MAYOR ON SALOONS.
League Writes to GoNcrnor-Nili
Demand wooJs's Removal.

The fact that investigators employed
by the Anti-Ssloon League assert they
found 72l violations OF the liquor law IN
I,T SALOONS and restaurants hare !@..
Sunday has prompted William n. Auder-
son, state superintendent Of the league. 20
write a letter to Gov. Whitman asking Z
the Governor will c,Nsider a petition for
the removal OF Police Commlss IoUer
Woods MIR. Anderson urges the Gov
ernor to investigate the entire Police De-
partment.
In his appeal to the Governor Mr.
Anderson takes occasion 10 Criticise Mayor
Mitchell. lie says:
I'VE do not question tho purity Of
Mayor Mitchel's motives, tempered OF
course by considerations OF political pru-
dence Nobody for an instant supposes
tho Mayor is corrupt. But 1t will be very
hard to convince the average policeman
that II is wrong for him to take money
for permitting saloon keepers 10 violate
the law when he sees the Chief Executive
OF the city permit the same thing In return
for political consideration. In the las,
analysis there is no moral difference be-
tween the two.
"Of course we understand that the
Mayor does not want to advocate any
proposition that would seem to help the
temperance cause, but II Is not a question
of what he wants, but of what Is his duty
THE Mayor claims that he has clint
mated saloon graft among the police But
he has done 1t, II at all, by consenting 10
notification OF the law. A saloon keeper
would be foolish to pay the police for the
privilege OF violating the excise law when
the Mayor grants that privilege without
Dayment"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-01-26
THE NEW ART.
An Admlrer Of the Old Masters Speaks
His Mind About II.

To THE Enron or THE SuN--Sir, II Is
about time that some OF our tntelectuals
and sane art lovers formed a strong
arm squad TO do away with the imported
silly pictures and those OF our American
imitators. We have too much OF their
worthless efforts. some utterly disgusting
right here IN the metropolis. Even the
present Academy exhibition has fallen a
victim 20 the craze, and many OF the deal
ers invite the artists to show their pue-
rile Preparations OF pipe dreams without
even blushug.
art. ~ the schools the instructors teach
the so-called modern art what II this
generation grows into a decadent art pc
Rod no one cares The men whom the
public put on pedestal are not sincere
The tendency of our artists shows
streaks Of de'adence. II Is noticeable
not alone in painting. but also In music
and literature. What are the majority
OF men seeking In the marshes OF medi-
ocrity2 Did not art reach its heights in
tho works Of the old masters? To my
idca modern art can only mean the treat
ment of now subjects In the grand, mas
terry style All the so-callod new art
is the outcome OF the Incompetence and
Incidence ~ the workers. We might as
well classify most OF the NEW" painters
as daubers. ugligraphlsts. crazy quiltists,
Aatti-ts, childchromists. II is rare to find
any one who has anything in him OF the
real mastery Of the glorious men OF three
hundred years ago
Art will suffer from the epidemic now
affecting the art world. By wasting their
energies on puerilties and psychopathic
nightmares the artists will gradually for
get what true art means and become OBJ
livious OF the means 10 attain high art.
LOUIS NJ. ElLsHEMIUs. NJ a.
NEW YORK. January %.