davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1915-01-01

OF farm mortgages held by these
~ states of the cotton belt is aDrro.
Nlmately the same as that held h,
Iowa banks.
bankers in many states, especially
IN me middle west, furnish almost as
mtch money for farm loans, through
| tlelr activity as middlcmen, IS they
40 through loans from their own
o@Ak funds. In such cases the banker
acts as an agent, usually ior some IN
surance compny, mortgage company.
or other bnk. 1t is estimated that az
PrQNinately Soo5, 100000 is thus hand
led through members of state, private
ana savings banks and trust com
panies.
Information secured from insurance
companies shows that more than 20
millions OF their funds are invested in
tarm-mortgage loans. While mainly
confined at present to the corn belt
these investments are being extended
INTO the south and west. The com
panles have trained field inspectors
or rely upon the statements or ruar-
a4htlcs OF local agents as to land value
insurance companies usually limit
tnclr loans to 40 per cent of the value
OF the security and to a fixed mavi.
mum per acre. The prevailing period
OF such loans is five years, with thc
privilege OF prepayment on interest
dates. 90
The business of existing mortgage
companies in the United States is
often that of agents or brokers who
bring borrower and lender together
and render other services connectej
with mortgage loans with assuminl,
liability. Such business can be nuiit
up with very little capital The NOR.
gage is made out directly TO the Ienf
err who assumes all responsibility 7,
IS evident that the market for srrh
loans is restricted to investors wbo
know the nature of the security Who
are willing to lend the DarticnIar
amount desired, and who will assume
Ill risks. F" - '9s'''lle
a limited number of companies deal
n mortgages as a jobbinp or me-
,handisse business. The mortpapcs
generally are sold after suitable iDs
,eStors have been found A few of /
heSe companies retain ownership in 5
, portion OF the mortgages. dc6osit
mem with trust company and ;esmo
.eDentures secured by the morto. gcs
S well as by the capital Of the com. +
any. Inc debentures are issued in +
ven amounts OF 500 and upward and )
Or varying periods, affording the in :,
eStor some OF the usual convenienccs -
| ponds. However, inasmuch as The !,
urChaser OF a dcbcnture does nj =
now the particular mortgages used y
security he must rely on the intep- =
~ and ssolyency Of the company 10 4
rotcct his investment. 10y - d
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1915-01-01

cause of other social and economic
facilities, and partly because of tn
social and economic factors specia
agencies had to be devised. There wa.
great need for some addition to theil
machinery. The land mortgage anC
the cooperative credit arrangement,
grew up OF necessity. Likewise The
savings banks were created for simiia,
reasons. 1t is noteworthy that onl,
recently have saving establishments
been established in great numbers in
the country, and that still more re-
Gently the Government Postal Saw
ings system has been evolved,
Land-Mortgage Banks.
Notwithstanding the fact however
that the people Of the United States
lave amplcr financial agencie; thar
any other IN the wcrld, and have de-
Vel"Fed the habit o. usLg these aL.n
eles 10 greater extent than any
other peoples, stu dents of rural prob
lens have been keenly alive to the
heed OF further Improvements. They
nave insisted upon extensions of the
national banking facilities and the
creation OF special agencies in init
mate touch with farmers with spe-
ciai view to the betterment of fnan-
cial conditions in the country. At
Ie"St two definite measures have been
prepared and have received special
consideration. They are similar in
many respects. They provide, in brief
'or iand-mortgage associations with
small capital, which may make loans
on farm mortgages within district Of
= state or within a state to the extent
81 81 per cent of the real values nj
the. farms. he money arising from
such loans is to be used for Drodrc-
i've purposes on the farm on.whicb
the security is based. 1t is contem-
plated III one way or another either
through separate associations ~
through central agency, that debcn-
lure bonds may be blanketed on the |
mortgages ana offered to the public |
u IS proposed that the operations Of
ne system shall be supervised bv a |
central agency in Washington and
nat there shall be adequate safe
guards IN the way of examination anil
1t is thought by students
II the question that such debenfnre
lords would be safe, would attract
apital and would bring into the in.
estmcnt field especially smaller b,iJ-
ngs scattered through the countries
'hlch do not now easily find sa.is-
actory investments. A plan Of this
md, operating through private funds
Mould work safely and would nrobl
ply result in short time in system.
tizlng credit transactions in rnraI
istricts and in reducing the ate Of
lterest.
The office of markets and rural or I
has continued its stud ~ /
lral credits. Information bearin6 IN
,rm-mortgage loans has been secrr-
from two-thirds of the savings
'nEs, trust companies. and st.Ir -
,,iFate banks in the United States -
ne estimated total Of farm mort. .
'ges held by these banks as Io,ne h
,cecus S93OOO000O This f,nd i =
Try uneVenly supplied. Iowa ham, /,
one furnish nearly 100 millions H. :
lois los and New York approximate 8r .,
lihons each, Califo. MIA II millions 4
d Missouri IS millions. In I5J;gns q,
sTmont, and Minnesota the sum in II
en- exceeds As millions. The total h.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1915-01-01

Of France. This bank, with billion
dollars of bank notes, has only S285 .
oOO,OOOOO Of deposits. A bank can
uliiize Its assets either through notes
or through discount and deposit and
OF bank are utilized to a slight ex
aent through bank notes, the total vol
ume beng about 725,000OOO, while
me Z, tot total deposits in all the banks are
III ,oOO,oooOOO. This teStihes to an
development of the banking
haolt among our people Partly be-
cause OF the lack of the ordinary
banking habit on the part OF E.urop-
can peoples, partly because of the lack
OF banking facilities, and partly be-
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1915-01-01
THE FULL TEXT OF
SECRETARY'S REPORT
ON RURAL, CREDITS

Continued from first pagc.)
and conditions. This is the only large
country that may be said to have the
ordinary banking habit developed in
q high degree, with banking and lend
ing associations democratized and in
touch with the masses of the people.
Der of European countries do not
have the ordinary banking habit of
depoSiting money in banks, or check
ing. against such deposits, and of
making loans through banks in such
countries is not general. This may be
illustrated by reference to the Bank
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1915-01-01
Rural and Credit Cooperative
Associations.

The students OF rural credit rccog-
ME the desirability Of another nice
OF legislation which may probably he
had at the hands Of the several States
or OF the Federal Government, name
~, legislation authorizing and cnconr-
"sfnig local personal co-opcrativc
credit associations. Some states have
already taken steps in this direction
ana others are contemplating taking
Them. The Department Of Agriculture
mas made earnest Investigations in
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1915-01-01
CORTLAND STOCK YApnS

tho ne cattle market opened lin for
efe week very actively. Good apa,;tv
81 oIlerlngs was in evidence. cbnicSs
s seer. gong as high as S77S. rows
sdpuenGd the 5000 level. Since NJ
u%y t mel run has been below normal
some time.
Ma ~ very keen hog market started
tn ",uIy with a run of nearly & C0o
Liops bringing $3.50. This o, ~:
nas maintained its supremacy in nr Ge
oK va. ali other American msrtnta &c
r,,n w" !L the exception of MondavJs
NJ, lne receipts continue lipbt Tho
l aset on all classes of She, nc
S zoo, and killers take all offep;nnss
\, e'a,,y, Shipping to the market rn,,iS
lecline in price. "''"ont any
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1915-01-01

may be expected because of the differ
ences In the relative importance of
agriculture in various states tb.S %
S,nort,,time loans are verv ,inevnnI,,
distributed. The funds nIe nsed
!chiefiiy in the financing of cattle rs;s 80
ing feeding, and marketing, of da;rY-
ing: OF hog and sheep raising, and Is
ing. anu market
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07
Survivors from the Lusitania

Coming to Miller, Wednesday,
October 13. the ROYAL Welsh Male
Quartette who are survivors Of the
GweDt Singers who toured America
last year and sailed on the i'll fated
Lusitania, MAY l. 1915. Ten MEM
bers sailed from New York, leaving
two behind who sailed a week later
on the Pennsylvania and landed safe
ly. The three lost on the Lusitania
were George +. Davies, conductor;
Isaac Jones, baritone and David T,
Hopkins.
OF the survivors four are to ap.
pear in this city. Mr. Williams who
gives the half hour narration of the
disaster, which time seems but a
few minutes, SO rapt is each auditor
as he tells in fine dictlon and m anly
reserve the story that was a great
vivid picture of his experience.
The members of this qu~artette
were soloists with the events when
they were especially engaged by the
City of New York aldermen for
the famous Christmas eve concert
and Tree of Light" in Madison
Square, New York, also by the
Union League on New Years eve
for their open air Christmas Tree.
They also sang at the White House
in 1913. Tickets are nov on sale at
Diouhy's store.
The concert will be given under
the auspices of the NJ. E. Aid.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07
Streets of London.

There is not a single man living
who knows all London, who has
been through every street or into
every crescent, square and terrace.
This seems a hard saying, and it is
one which visitors from abroad or
the colonies find it impossible to be-
%lieve, but nevertheless it is abso-
lutely and incontrovertibiy true.
Let any M take a map of Lon
don and try to mark in red ink
all the streets which he can hon.
est!y say he has visited and he
will have to confess that he knows
but little of the metropolis of the
world and that the red marked
streets r but as nothing compared
with those which he has had to
leave Observation-Disclosures Globe.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07
C%ONSTANTIN0PLE.
The Siege and ssekine Of the Famous
City by Mohammed n.

!"
Mohammed III. moved to begin
his great siege of Constantinople in
February, 1853, but the ponderous
character of his artillery made it
impossible to get his weapons in
place for three months longer, and
the real siege began in April. 1t
lasted tifty-three days, and Moham-
med entered the city and extinguish-
ed the last remains of the Roman
empire on May 20.
Cannon were still in the expert
mental stage, and there was a be-
lief that the bigger the gun the
more destructive it would be, so Mo-
manned had a cannon made, the
diameter of whose mouth is said to
have been two feet and a half. Stone
balls were still in use in those DAYS.
Mohammed had 10000 men, while
the force of the Christians did not
exceed 5000. The Turkish feet
consisted of $50 vessels. The Chris
tians were inadequately supplied
with gunpowder, and every repulse
they inflicted on the Turks brought
nearer the day of their own down.
fall.
Gathering rams, cannon and liquid
fire were used constantly in the at
tack upon the half ruined forts of
Constantinople, and at one time the
Turks sent forward a wooden turret
on rollers, which was destroyed by
the Greeks and their allies. A
Christian squadron of only five ships
repulsed the Turks in a desperate
naval engagement, though Moham-
med himself, sitting on horseback
on the beach, yelled reproaches at
his sailors and even spurred his
horse into the sea.
Mohammed conceived the desper-
ate operation of carrying his ships
overland from the Bosporus into
the higher part of the harbor. In
one night the Turkish feet climbed
a hill and was launched, and the
upper harbor vas occupied. The
Ottoman cannon demolished the
Greek forts in forty days, and the
final assault began in the morning
of May 20. The Emperor Constan-
tine fought to the last and died like
a hero, and a pitiless sack of the
city began the moment it fell, I'M
der the explicit permission and even
order Of Mohammed himself.
An invasion of Serbia began with
in a few days, and the Turk was
placed firmly on his European
throne.-New York Times.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07
Some Famous Doctors,

Morgagni, the founder of modern
pathology, was an Italian. Auen.
brugger, inventor of physical dag
nosis, was an Austrian. Jenner, the
discoverer of vaccination, and Lis
ter, father of modern surgery, were
Englishmen. Schwann, originator
of the cell doctrine, and Koch. who
isolated the bacillus of tuberculosis,
r credited to Germany; O'Dwyer,
inventor of intubation, and Wright,
who worked out the theory of OPP
s%onins, which teaches how the blood
fights disease, to Ireland. Pasteur,
father of preventive medicine, who
taught the world the causes of sick
O. end demonstrated that no one
e.. die Of parasitic diseases, was
IN in France.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07
MAKING PERFUMES.
How the Dainty odors Are Stolen From
the Helpless Flowers.

the hetpieS lowers.
Pomades are the commercial We
hicle for absorbing and transport
ing the perfumes of the jonquil, tu-
b~erose, jasmine and a few other spe-
cies of flowers.
A square frame Or chassis of
white wood and about 20 by 80
inches in size is set with a pane of
strong plate glass. On each side of
the glass is spread a thin, even lay
er Of grease, which has been purified
and refined. Thus prepared, the
frames are piled up in ranks six
or seven feet high to await the sea-
son of each special flower.
When the blossoms arrive the
petals are picked from the stem
the pistils and stamens being dis
carded-and laid so as to cover the
grease in each frame. These being
again piled so as to rest upon their
wooden edges, which fit closely to-
gether, there is formed a series of
tight chambers, the floors and cell
ings of which are of grease, exposed
to the perfume of the flower leaves
within.
The grease absorbs the perfume,
the spent flowers are removed daily
and fresh ones supplied, and this
process goes on from two to four or
five months, according to the desir-
ed strength of the pomade, which,
when sufficiently charged with per-
fume, is taken from the glass with a
wide, thin spatula and packed in tin
cans for export.
By these methods the delicate
odors of flowers are extracted and
retained for transport to distant
markets, where, being treated with
alcohol, they yield their perfume
to that stronger vehicle and pro-
duce floral waters and extracts of
commerce.
Coarser pomades are made by
boiling the flowers in the grease and
~subjecting the residue to pressure.
The spent pomades are used for
toilet purposes and in the manufac-
ture of fine soaps.
The process of preparing perfum-
ed oils involves the same principle
except that instead of solid grease
%superfine olive oil is used.
Essence and flower "water" are
produced by ordinary distillation, in
which the flowers are boiled in wa
ter in large alembics. The vapor
carries off the perfume and is con-
densed in adjoining copper tanks
like ordinary spirits. Some of the
retorts used for this purpose are of
sufficient size to receive at once half
a ton of fresh flowers, with the
requisite water for their distillation.
When Glover waters" are to be
produced alcohol is used in the dis
tilling tank to receive the perfumes.
Philadelphia Inquirer.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07
llonq Pediarees.

A distinguished French seaman,
Admiral Magon, who was killed at
Trafalgar, showed a pedigree going
back to Mage, the brother of Han
nibal. The Samson family, who
owns an estate near Lyons, boast of
their descent from the strong man
of the Bible, which is commemorate
ed in their coat Of arms by the bro
ken column of a temple. An Italian
noblcman, the Marchese Porro,
traces his line back to Porus, the
Indian monarch who fought a battle
with Alexander the Great.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07
Going From Dan.

Mark Twain's best friend in his
Nevada days was another young
journalist called Dan de guile. One
day Mark and he had been for a
walk from Gold Hill down to Vir-
GINA City. ALI of a sudden Mark
said "S'long," with a wave of hi,
hand, and started to leave his friend.
"Where ye goin', Sam?" asked
Dan.
"Waal," remarked Mark in his
famous drawl, 81 guess III take a
run down to Beersheba. That's the
correct place to 60 when you leave
Dan"
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07
Remembered Whole Books.

Walter Savage Lander Carried bis
library in his head. When he had
read a book he always gave it away
on principle, having, as he said, OBJ
served that with such a purpose in
his mind he was sure to retain OF
a book all that was worth keeping,
In his old age Lander was furious
If he did net at once remember
any passage of a book or any name
or date.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07
A Nautical Explanation.

The officers we're OF the quarter
deck looking at IA comet and noticed
an eager discussion among the crew
forward. The captain called one OF
the men aft and asked him whal
was the subject of discussion.
ave we're trying 10 make on
what that there thing WAS" replict
the man, pointing to the comet.
"And what do you imagine II is?'
Dunno, your homer, but Bill
Jones here, as knows most things
says as how it's IA star that's sprung
a leak."-London Telegraph.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07
Superstitions About Sneezina.

Xenophon, Prometheus, Themis.
tocles and Cicero regarded a sneeze
as a favorable omen. Among the
Hindoos and Persians, however,
sneezing and yawning were ascribed
to demonaical possession. The Hin
doc snaps his thumb and finger and
repeats the name of one of his gods.
The Moslems believe that the devil
may leap into a gaping mouth, and
hence when he yawns he draws the
back of his hand over his mouth
and m%utters this prayer, 81 seek
refuge with Allah from Satan, the
accursed."
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07
Tho Way Il Is.

| said to my friend, "Tell me my
faults and | will know you are my
friend" And he told me my faults,
and | spurned him, for / thought
him a fool.
| said to a second friend, "Tell
me my faults frankly" And he said
had no faults, and l spurned him.
for l knew he was q fool.
said to my third friend, "Tell
me all my faults" And he told
me my faults, and ! thanked him.
And he spurned me, for he knew l
was a hypocrite.-Cleveland Leader.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07

Mrs O. B. Breese, of SCOTS Bluffs,
Nebr., accompanied by her two
children. is visiting her parents,
County Treasurer Wilson and wife,
Elite ard Second SITS.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07
When Pin. Ware Nav.

A curious fact in the early his
tory of pins is that when they were
first sold in "open shop" there was
such a great demand for them that
a code was passed permitting their
sale only on two days in the year
the LIST and I'd Of January. Those
days the court ladies and the city
danes focked to the depots to pur-
chase them in such numbers that
they were accounted festivals.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07
4 NEW RAILROAD
IN SOUTH COUNTIES

Pierre. Oct. 5.--Anothcr railway
is proposed for South Dakota in the
South Dakota & Western company.
which has Headquarters at Yankton,
and is capitalized at one million dol
lars for the construction of a line of
railway from Mitchell to Platte,
and then northwesterly to a point
near Bruie p~ostofice in Brule coun.
ty.
The proposed line is eighty miller
III length and the incorpoeators are
w. l.. Brule. w. E. Heaton, E. A
Bruce, A. A. Loft, j. J. Orr, all OF
Yankton.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07

A couple of young men were out
fishing n day and on returning
we're going past a farmhouse and
felt hungry. They yelled to the
farmers daughters, "Girls, have you
any buttermilk ?"
The reply vas gently waited back
to their ears, eyes. but we keep it
for our own calves"
The boys calculated that they had
business away, and they vent.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07
Miller Druggist Pleases Customers

j. ID. Fitzgerald reports customers
greatly pleased with the QUICK ac-
ton of simple buckthorn bark, gly-
cerine, ETC., as mixed in Adler-i-ka.
This simple remedy drains the old
foul matter from the bowels so
THOROUGH that ONE SPOONFUL
relic YES almost ANY CASE of con-
stipation, sour or gassy stomach. 1t
is SO powerful that it is ased success
fully in appendicitis. Adler.i-ka
never gripes and the INSTANT ac-
tion::is surprising, AdV'
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07

The Hugo PLAYERS, advertising
elsewhere in this paper, give three
dates at Miller-tonight, Friday, and
Saturday nights. Manager Dlouhy
says they are good. and that show
goers will get the worth Of their
money
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07
Sofa Talk.

would your mother be angry If
! stole a kiss ?" said the young man
on the sofa.
"Why don't you look her up and
try it 2" said the sweet young thing
coyly.-Yonkers Statesman.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07

Across the Great Divide" at the
opera house Friday night. II is
worth seeing.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1915-10-07

Mr. and Mrs Rhoades, of Iowa, are
visiting their sons, Will and Ralph,
in Miller, and their daughters, Mrs
Wilson and Mrs Thomas, in north
Hand.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1915-07-10
AUTO n,rs 10Y.


Master Robeee Harper Has Lucky
Escape From Injury.
Robert, the young son Of Frank
Harper 500 Shepard street, had .
fortunate escape from what might
have been q serious injury when he
was struck by the Mcbride 4 WIN de-
livery auto at the corner OF Main
street and First avenue about /: IL this
afternoon. Young Harper was CROSS
ing the street, pulling small wagon.
and endeavored to run in front of the
automobile. which was going west In
Main street. The auto. driven by j.
NJ. Alexander, struck the boy and
threw him down In such a position that
the body Of the car passed over him.
but the wheels did not touch him. He
got up. scared and crying. and ran
over to the sidewalk, where q SYM
pathetic crowd examined him for signs
Of injuries. The boys right leg was
slightly bruised where he came In
contact with the pavement. but other
wise he was unhurt.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1915-07-10
M. g. SHOVE INJURED.
Travelling Man Struck by Milwaukee
Train at Leroy, MINI.

Telephone communication from the
agent of the Chicago Milwaukee & st.
Paul railway at Austin. Mimi, to III.
w. Shove, of this city, received at l
o'clock this afternoon. announced an
accident to Mr.. Shove's brother.
Mortimer G. Shove, 204H North Fifth
street at about noon today.
While crossing the Milwaukee tracks
at Leroy in his automobile, Shove,
who is a salesman for the V-Ray
Company, of this city. was struck by
Milwaukee train and dragged twenty
or thirty feet. The Austin agent said
that Mr.. Shove was bruised badly, but
was not dangerously hurt and was
able to walk. The automobile was a
complete wreck, and hardly worth
picking up, the agent said. Mr.. Shove
is expected home early Sunday morn
Ing