davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16
FOR FARMERS
PROTECTION
IRRIGATION CONGRESS GOES ON
RECORD IN FAVOR OF MA
TIONAL MARKETING.
HOUSE JOINT RESOLUTION 344
This Bill Provides for a Marketing
Commission Of 20 Members, to Be
Appointed by the President, to Sc.
cure Better Markets for Products.

FRESNO, Cal, Sept l5 For the
protection of the farmer and with the
view of providing a better market fOr
his products, a resolution advot ing
national marketing commission With
departments in states, counties and
towns throughout the United States,
was introduced tonight before the I'm.
ternational Irrigation congress by S.
Glen AndruS, secretary manager of
the Sacramenton Chamber OF Com
merce.
Delegates to the congress-, which
opened its first session here today
the congress having come to Fresno
from Stockton this morning by spe.
cal train, are called upon by the
resolution to urge the passage of
house joint resolution 244, presented
to the national congress at its last
session.
This bill provides for marketing
commission, the members Of which
are to be appointed by the president
The commission would he composed
OF 20 members, Is of which shall be
farmers and the remainder skilled IN
commerce, law, finance and transpor
tatiOn The irrigationists are urged
to create a permanent section of the
committee to bring about the steady
passage of the house bill by con
gress.
Public ownership of the water sys
tens is the final solution of the irri
cation problem confronting the Amer
lean farmer, in the opinion of Lieut.
Gov. John NJ. Eshclman, who ad-
dressed the congress today. lrriga-
tion is one of the most, If not the
most important questions before the
people of California, Mr.. Eshelman
said. He attributed most of the fail
ures of irrigation enterprises to the
contract system One of the chief
faults of the companies, Mr.. Eshel-
man said, is that the companies sell
more contracts than they have water.
"lf we are to continue successful
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16
AYERS vACATES ORDER NAMING
RECEIVER IN W|N|FRED CASE
ROBERT 7. WELScH BRINGS SUIT
AGAINST RACHAEL WELSCH
TO SECURE DIVORCE.

Judge Roy Ayers Tuesday vacated
the order previously made by him in
the case of r. N Winston against
John A. Anderson, appointing Tom
Mason receiver. The action arose
over the sale of tract OF farm prop
erty, the defendant, it was alleged
having failed on payment The
matter involved the crop put in by
the defendant.
Seeks Injunction.
Edward Silverthorne has brought
an action against Tom Iverson and
Eric Hove to restrain them from dis
posing of certain sheep, the plaintiff
claiming to have a contract for their
delivery. 1t is set out that on Aug
II the defendants contracted to de
liver to the plaintiff 200 head OF
feeding ewes and 10 head of 3-year
old wethers; that in accordance with
the agreement the plaintiff gave q
check on account for part of the pur
chase price, which check was later
returned by J. G. Robinson jr., OF
Grass Range, attorney for the defend
ants, claiming that the defendants
were misled and that as the contrac,
was made on Sunday. although the
dating is the day following. it is
therefore null and void. c. J. Mar
shall represents the plaintiff
Divorce Is Granted.
Judge Ayers has granted divorce
in the case of Mary Zajecek against
Joseph Zajecek on the ground of ex
treme cruelty. O. O. Mueller repre-
sented the plaintiff.
Robert T. Welsch has brought sui
against Rachael Welsch to secure !;
divorce on the ground of deSertion
Continued on Page Four)
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16
"A n '.,n Arr HnDCTrN MIAIICTCD
state Libra''"" yNrI(1V lJIkV1NIfk
WA, WnU uI KUSE FROM THE RANKS

TOXIC, Sept. 14.-Baron Kikujiro
lshii, ambassador to France, who has
been named foreign minister, is a
self-made man risen from the ranks
He knows considerable about the
United States and what are known as
the American problems" In 1907
he was dispatched to San Francisco
and also to Vancouver to study the
anti-Japanese movements.
The coming of Baron Ishii does not
mean the effacement of Baron kato
his predecessor, from power and in
fluence. Baron Ishii is the close
friend of Baron kato and was recon-
mended for the post of foreign min
lister by kato, after it is understood
Viscount Chinda, ambassador to
Washington, had declined.
The man who will direct the for.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16
MASONS IN GREAT FALLS

GREAT FALLS, Mont, Sept. 15.-
The Masonic Grand Yodge, A. F. and
NJ, the blue lodge of Montana, today
began their fifty-first annual session
here. The day was devoted to the con-
sideration of reports and recommen-
dations. The meeting of this divis-
ion of Montana's Masonry will con-
tinue over tomorrow. Tonight the
three Masonic orders holding annual
state convocation in Great Falls will
dedicate the 100000 Masonic temple
here. The election of state officers
for the blue lodges will be held to-
morrow.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16
SAID HE WAS ROBBED.

INDIANAPOLIS. Ind, Sept. l5--
When Lake Erie a. Western passenger
train No. 25 arrived here at 10 D. m
tonight, the American Express com
pany messenger reported that he hat
been held up AT the point of a revolver
by bandit and packages containing
several thousand dollars and jeweIry
taken from the express safe. The rob
berry occurred near Arcadia, 28 miles
north of Indianapolis. The robbel
escaped.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16

large sums of gold from the United
States.
so Tar as state department officials
are able to observe, however, the new
loan is essentially what is known as Il
credit loan to pay for obligations
incurred o: about to be incurred, TO-
the pui chase Of supplies. Such loan
Is viewed as Il private commercial
Transaction. nat differing from the
traffic in ccntraband or other wa,
supplies, over witch neutral govern.
li'lt Is not Obliged to exercise any
control.
Only in the event that the matter is
directly brought t. the attention OF
the washington gtyernm ut or ad
vitn is ther" likely to be any fCima
expression of o.,il ion in the present
Instance.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16
BERLIN NOW
HAS PROOF
EVIDENCE THAT ARABIC WAS
TORPEDOED WITHOUT WARM
ING SENT TO GERARD.
COUNT WIRES THE FOREIGN OFFICE
General Expectation Is That Several
Days, Possibly Two Weeks, viii
E!apse Before Decision of the Ger
man Government is Made Known.

WASHINGTON, Sept. 15.-Ambas-
sador Gerard has been instructed to
present to the German foreign office
a summary of the evidence gathered
by the United States government and
accepted here as conclusive proof that
the White Star liner Arabic was tor
pedoed without warning, causing the
loss of two Americans.
Secretary Lansing, in making this
announcement today, made it clear
that no representations or expression
of opinion by the American govern
ment had been made in the communi-
cation. The viewpoint Of the United
States, based on the evidence in the
Arabic case and its position on the
principles involved, were stated infor-
mally to Cunt Won Bernstorff the Ger
man ambassador, who communicated
later with the foreign office at Berlin.
The outcome of these two steps
examination by the German foreign Of
fee Of the evidence and receipt by
Berlin officials of Ambassador Bern
torff's suggestion-will be awaited be-
fore the next move in the situation
is determined.
The general expectation is that sew
eral days. possibly two weeks, will
elapse before the decision of the Ger
man government is made known. No
word had been received at the state
department concerning published re-
ports of chase of the American liner
St. Paul by German submarine, it
was said at the state department that
if the st. Paul was attempting to
escape after having been warned, an
attack on her might have been iusti-
fed. In the absence Of details, de-
partlnent officials were not disposed to
comment on the case.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16
PHILATHEA ENTERTAINMENT.

The Philathea class will give a
birthday social in the basement of the
Methodist church Friday evening. An
exceptionally interesting program has
been arranged as follows: Instru-
mental duet, Misses Evelyn and Este
Shannon; vocal solo, B. Owen; read
in, Mrs. w. E. Brann, mandolin solo,
John Beam; instrumental solo, Mrs.
f. L. Kechley; recitation. Mrs. c. A.
McChesney; vocal solo, Mrs. Brun;
violin solo, Mrs. O. w. Freeman.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16
PAY TAXES AND PENALTIES.

DULUTH. Mimi, Sept. 15.-Taxea
and penalties aggregating $67 7,794.S4
covering all mining properties at Hib
bing, Mimi, affected by state leases
were paid into the county treasury
late this afternoon by the Oliver Min
ing company and the Pickands- Math
er company, two of the eleven oper
ators who have refused to pay their
taxes on their Hibbing holdings for
the current year on the grounds that
the amount levied for village pur,
poses is exorbitant and invalid.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16
School Exhibit.

The exhibit from the city schools
was sent off to Helena yesterday to
be displayed with other exhibits at
the state fair. 1t is very creditable
display that Lewistown will make
this year, even more so than the one
OF last year. which is saying great
deal. All departments of industry
and art will be represented. the stamp
of splendid progress and improve
ment being upon 1t all. Mr.. FRANKIE
and his teachers feel that Lewistown
will take prominent place among
the state schools which will be rep
resented there this year. Mr.. j. w.
Vogel instructor in the manual train
ing department, will 60 to Helena to
have charge Of the local exhibit.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16

eign office in this difficult period is
capable and tactful and modest in
bearing. All Japanese public men
ar careful in speech; Ishii is
especially conservative, but he gives
the impression of frankness and sin
cerlty. He has worked hard all his
life. Above all things he has labored
patiently. He is the most patient
man in the Japanese diplomatic serv-
ice. That was his record at Paris,
where for several years he has sought
to understand something of western
diplomacy so that his own country
might profit. With patience especial
ly he labored to place loans for his
tContinued on page seven)
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16
C0NSULS
TO LEAVE
American Representa-
tives in Northern Mex
leo Get Orders.
OBRECON ADVANCING

vance Into Northern Mexico, and the
Frequent Reports Of Lawlessness on
the Border, for Which General Villa
Disclaims Responsibility, Have Led
the State Department. to Instruct
American Consuts to Warn Ameri-
cans to Withdraw From the Danger
Zone to Leave Themselves.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16
SENATOR SHERMAN INJURED.

ST. LOUIS, Sept. 15.-United States
Senator l.. Y. Sherman of Illinois suf-
fered deep decorations on the face and
hands today when a rock thrown at a
Vandalia railroad train, between Col
linsyille, ILL.,, and East St Louis! ILL.,,
shattered the window beside which
the senator sat.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16
ADVANCE
CHECKED
Slavs' Vigorous Counter
Attacks Halt the Pro-
gress of Teutons.
MAY BE 0UTFLANKED

Despite the Activity Now Being Dis
played by the Cars Armies AIonq
the Entire Battlefront, the Austrians
Have Sent Reinforcements AGAINST
Italy and Have at Some Parts of the
Line Assumed the Offensive and the
Operations on That Front Are Like
Character.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16
; @ Q @ 9 @ G Q Q @ g @ 6 6 6
BULGARIA WANTS AN
IMMEDIATE ANSWER.

ROME, Sept. 15.-(Via Paris,
Sept. Is, $50 a. m. because
of the concentration of Greek
and Rumanian troops on the
Bulgarian frontier. the Bulgari-
an foreign minister has in
structed the representatives of
that country at Athens and Bu-
charest to request an immedi-
ate and definite explanation.
according to a Sofia dispatch
to the Giornale d'Italia.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16
STOCK CATTLE HIGH

Cattle are commanding high price
in the great markets of the world,
and locally, cattle are selling at top
prices. Stock cattle are reported to
range from $50 to $65. calves thrown
in. This is high record.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16
HOUSE OF
COMMONS
British Leaders Explain
Their Side of the
European War.
LARGE CREDIT VOTED

Asquith Tells His Countrymen That
Since War Began Nearly 100000
Men Had Enlisted in Army and
Navy and That 100000 Persons
Were Engaged in Manufacture of
Munitions, but Both Figures Would
Have to Be lncreased-Earl Kitch-
ener Reads House of Lords an On.
timlstic Speech.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16
BERNsToRFF HOPEFUL.

NEW YORK, Sept 15.-That the
difficulties between the United States
and Germany will be settled within
fortnight was the opinion voiced by
iContinued on Page Foura
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16

Continued on Page Four.)
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16

Continued on page eight
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-09-16

Continued on page seven
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1915-03-25
1t is Ford Time.

C. F. Thomas, of the Western
Hardware & Implement Co. of this
city, which company has the general
agency for the always popular Ford
automobiles in the Lewiston prairie
country, was in Lewis on last Friday
just in time to see them unloading a
car of Fords, but at that, all that he
was able to get out of this bunch was
a picture-so fast we're they snapped
up. The 1915 model is as classy a
looking auto as any of them and is
equipped with all the latest improve
ments-such as the cowl-dash, ven-
tilated, built-in wind shield, ventil-
ated hood, oval tenders, electric
lights; the self-starting equipment
will be put on where desired.
The company has train load
coming as soon as they can be gotten
ready, and it is hoped this will quiet
the demand in this section for week |
Or so. However, the factory is
three eight hour shifts and
urning out a car every 49 seconds
30 that you will not have to wait
ong for yours if you get an order
n early. If you delay, do not blame
ne local agents if compelled to wal,
while for your car, in the good
Id summer time when you want it
most.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1915-03-25
Araqo's Modesty.

Arago, the great French scientist,
was never seen with a decoration
on his breast. He valued honors
lightly. One evening Leverrier, the
astronomer, called on him on his
way to dine with minister. He
expressed a wish to appear decorat-
ed With an order to which he was
entitled, having received the official
notice of the honor, although he
had not as yet the decoration itself.
"Open that drawer" said Arago,
"and take whatever you want"
In that drawer were all the
crosses and ribbons which kings and
confer.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1915-03-25
"America In tho Sky

1t was DR.. Max Wolf of Heidel-
berg who photographed remarka-
BILE nebula in the constellation Cyg-
nus, which on account of its shape
he called the American nebula."
This was the first time that such an
object had been named for any of
the natural divisions of the earth.
Dr. VOLTS photograph shows real
ly striking likeness to an outline
map of North America. The nebu-
la represents the form Of the CONT
nent surrounded by the dark back
ground Of the heavens as by an
ocean. The narrowing toward the
south, the huge gap of the gulf OF
and the graceful curve of
the coast of Central America and
the isthmus are to be seen.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1915-03-25
Clean-Up Notice!

Notice is hereby given that April
LIST, End and 3rd, 1915, is hereby
designated as Cleanup days in the
village of Nezperce, Idaho. All
property owners and occupants Of
property within said village are here
by required to clear their said prop
erty of all refuse matter, rubbish,
etc, on or before April 5th, 1915,
or the same will be so cleared by the
village authorities, and the expense
thereof taxed against the property.
By order of the Village Trustees.
S. 0. Tannahill,
Village Clerk.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1915-03-25

/ WD. Martin Anderson & wf t,
Frank L Freeman $3.50 Its 9 10 bill
Q Kamiah.
| QCD. Union State Bank to ] W
Akin & VT 81 Its l Q IL 10 blk !
Johnson's lst add TO Nezperce
WD. Mary f Young 10 Frank &
Chas Young ST 50x116 tt 10 Acr Tr
1st Bridwells add 10 Kamiah.
WD. Frank & Chas Young 10 R
M Lomax $500. Same land
WD. VIM A Long & VT to Lucy
A Adams $500 1t IL blk 20 Nez-
perez.
WD Lucy E Teel to Chas N
Lttchf Id S275 lot 8 blk 81 Reubens.
Patent. U S to Frank Hall sci
ne4 ne4se4 IA "a 3wr
WD. York Herren & VT 10 w P
Conger SIS lot 10 nj lot 9 blk s
Johnson's add to Nezperce.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1915-03-25
SIZES or BOOKS.
Meaning of tho Terms Folio, ouasee'
Octave and Duodecin1o.


The words folio, "quarto, !" "oc-
tavo," "duodecimo" and the like
have almost, if not quite, lost their
original meaning At first they had
reference only to the number OF
leaves into which the sheets used in
making the book were folded. Thus
/ if these sheets were folded once the
book was called folio; if the sheets
were folded twice, SO as to form
four leaves, the book was called q
quarto; if they were folded four
times, SO as to form eight leaves,
the book was called an octave, and
so on.
The duodecimo or limo is an II
regular size. To make it the sheet
must be folded SO as to form twelve
leaves Fold one-third of the width
of sheet lengthwise Oh itself. Next
fold the paper across its breadth III
the center. Next fold the sheet
across its length-that is, fold the
two leaves on the four. Finally fold
it again across and in such shape
that it may easily be sewed in with
others to form a book.
But though, strictly and histori-
cally, quarto, octave, ETC., have ref
erence solely to the manner OF fold
ing the sheet, they are, as matter
of common practice, used to specify
the sizes Of books.
If the sheets on which books are
printed were of uniform size quar-
to page would be as unvarying an
area as a square foot or an acre,
and before the invention of ma
chimes for making paper there was
such uniformity to be found in the
sizes of sheets.
Put when paper making machines
were introduced and the use OF
nolds was abandoned sheets came
TO be made of all dimensions. AS a
result quartos and octavos had all
sorts of dimensions, and tho terms,
when used strictly to indicate how
he sheet was folded, became worth
ess as designations of size. The
Use Of the old terms was neverthe-
ess not abandoned, but instead
hey were first used to indicate a
ather wide range Of sizes and final
Y were attached to certain more
efnite sizes, without reference to
he method of folding.
The practice Of the publisher
owadays is first to determine what
ize of page he wants. The sheet
e uses will be large or small, ac-
ording to the capacity of the press t
t his disposal. On that sheet he
lay print, say, eight octave pages,
r he may print thirty-two, but he
ill call the book an octave, though
y its folding it should be called
ither a quarto or 16mo.
In other words, the publisher !
alls his book by the name of that
ne of the old sizes to which it
appens to come nearest. = New
ork Tribune.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1915-03-25
How About Good Back View?

"Auntie Liz had hard time hay-
ing her picture taken today" said
her nephew, who had just opened
a Photographic studio and had very
conrteously asked his aunt to come
and pose for new picture
why, what was the trouble !"
asked his brother
"Well, you see, when ! told her to
look pleasant. she didn't look natu-
raj, and when told her to look
natural she didn't look pleasant"
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1915-03-25
Get This Young Man.

Fifteen years ago Henry Ford
the automobile manufacturer, was
engineer in an electric light plant in
Detroit. Charley Murphy, the base
ball millionaire, was a reporter On
the Cincinnati Enquirer; Thomas
H. Ince, the motion picture magnate,
was a comic-opera comedian, glad
to get $50 week Charlie Weegham
owner Of the Chicago Federal base
ball team and a string of restaurants
was a waiter in lunch room. And
so it goes. The list could be strung
out to columns length There
fore, when you hear boy or a
young man complain that he has no
chance, take him by the arm and
tell him few things. There never
was a time in the worlds history
when there were more opportunities
ioI q young man W push " tue
front. There never was a tims
when little intelligence and de-
termination would not provide a man
with a competence in a few years.
This is particularly true in the farm
ing-for farming is business. the
young man of to- day who will take
hold of farm with the idea of max
it the best farm in the country and
who will work intelligently for ten
years, with that idea always before
him, will not have to work for the t
remainder of his life.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1915-03-25
Luthern Services.

On Sunday March % al II o'.llck
Norwegian services will be held.
Subject for sermon: "We Wish to
See Jesus based upon the Cos pei Of
Palm Sunday, third series, John II.
20 SO All Scandinaviens are cor
daily invited to attend.
c. Fl. Bergerson, Pastor.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1915-03-25
A Real optimist.

Didn't the lecturer feel hurt
when so many il the audience fell
asleep during the discourse ?"
ooh, no; it encouraged him."
GLOW sop
"Wby, he was conceited enough
to think they were nodding approx
al Of what he said !"
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1915-03-25
Judge J. F. Ailshie, who was

Judge J. F. Ailshie, who was an
attorney in the Cottonwood water
right controversy before Judge
Steele Friday last, departed Satur-
day morning for Lewiston, prior to
returning to his home ia Occur
d'Alene.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1915-03-25
Americas Position.

Cincinnati, March H.-Governol
Edward F. Dunno of Illinois called
upon Irishmen particularly in .
speech here tonight TO place theil
Loyalty for the United States above
their syinpathies with any European
country. He spoke at St. Pat
rick's day celebration Of the Irish
Fellowship club.
! ut is now the supreme duty of the
statesmen ia Washington to keep
this country from being emoroiled IN
the conflict of Europe, asserted
Governor Dunno, "Day by day the
the belligerents are trampling on the
rights of neutrals and making it al
most impossible to keep our country
from ENHANCEMENT.
sin his CRITICAL situation, il IS the
duty Of every American to uphold
the president in his efforts 10 pre-
serve peace between this country
and the war; ng nations. Never IN
recent history was there gre a er need
of moderation, tact and dip 'omacy
of American statesm n and o. loyal
ty by its citiz.ns.
ITO allow this nation TO become
engulfed in he European catacly SIN
would be stupendous political blum
der, if not political crime, which
the patriotic president and the secre-
tary of state will not commit. Let
not, then, American citizens of any
race embarrass our officials at this
line by public expression of any
;ympathies or by participating in or
,anized efforts to give contraband
assistance of any of the belligerents.
Glands off for Europe, hands up
or America should De our WATCH
7ord. Neutral nations in Europe
ow stand armed not knowing what :
they may be swept into the t
lalestrom. Separated by three |
thousands miles of ocean, this fav
red land, under the guidance Of !
resident Wilson, will not become
lvolved if he is not embarrassed by /
cts of misguided sympathizers with d
18th the belligerents Let US in this I
isis suppress our racial sympathiss
ace American patriotism above all :
her considerations and confne our h
lergies to working for the restora- C
On of peace in war smitten Eu- a
Pc" Il