davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
.Feedino the Work Horse.

To find out whether any given sam
pie of linseed oil meal is good or not,
place n handful or two in a small re-
ceptacle and pour over it a quart Of
nearly boiling water. Cover and let
stand for a few hours. If at the ex-
piration Of that time the parts have
merged into a mucilaginous, jelly-like
mass, the meal is all right. If 1t still
remains merely as water with a solid
residue at the bottom of the receptacle,
something is wrong and the stuff has
been so heavily adulterated as to be
valueless for food. Some horses like a
little linsecd jelly mixed up with their
food, but as it is not always convenient
to prepare and feed it this way, 1t is
better, when using it at all, to feed 1t
as it comes in the bag.-Country Gen.
tleman,
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
FALL WORK WITH TURKEYS
Wide Range and Variety Of Grain Feed
Are Main Requirements.

Are Main Requirements.
September marks the beginning or
fall work with turkeys. Young tur-
keys that reach the first of the month
in good health are practically safe from
everything except the depredations Of
thieves and four footed providers. Very
few are lost from disease during the
fall, says the American C%ultivatOr.
In parts Of the country where much
grain is grown that which would 9th
erwise be wasted in the fields Is con-
sumed by the foraging tlocks and turn
ed into salable flesh. A flock so fortu-
nate needs no additional food, and the
young will grow rapidly so long as
the supply holds out. Sometimes the
older turkeys obtain too much grain in
such III environment and become over.
fat, a condition which p~redisposes
them to disease which. il not fatal, SO
reduces their vitality that they are un-
fit for breeding the following spring.
It does not seem necessary to contine
these mature specimens, for exercise Is
essential to their welfare, but they
should be allowed to obtain additional
food and should at all times lead an
| open air life. Young turkeys are those
likely to become overfat or so fat as to
be injured thereby.
One of the prime factors in success
with turkeys is an outdoor life for both
! old and young. In cold climates there
are times during the winter when a
shelter from high winds and storms is
desirable, but from the time when the
poults have finished putting on the
first coat of feathers to the beginning
of extreme cold weather they should
have no protection except that afforded
by the branches of the trees.
Such a life Is the one intended for
! them by nature. and any attempt to
compel them to lead a more domestic
life results usually in impaired vitality
and general deterioration.
In localities where little or no grain
is grown the foods obtained in the
fields by the turkeys are likely to con-
sist of animal life and unenltivated
seeds and berries. Old birds are safer
in such places, and young ones fire.
quently do as we'll. though they mas
require more food from the farmers
granaries as the season advances and
natures supply diminishes.
When the flock fails to find on the
range the amount Of nouriShment re,
quired the owner must furnish the
balance or be satisfied with q smalle.
profit. Whole grains are best for the
purpose, and corn, wheat, oats, fed al.
ternately, fulfill every requirement
Nothing that the farmer can raise will.
return so large n profit on the invest.
mcnt required as turkeys.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
Limit on Italian Volunteers.

Rome, Sept. 1.-THE Italian volun-
teer corps are in deep distress as a re-
suit of a recent government order.
The trouble arises from a new rule
that no volunteer is to be accepted UNI
der the age of eighteen. All those who
have been enrolled below this age are
to be sent home.
When this order was made known
and the youths of sixteen and seven
teen serving in the ranks were told
to give up their arms and uniforms
and return home the discipline Of the
volunteers underwent a severe trial.
The sudden disappointment a toe
much for the feelings of the newly
made soldiers, and the sentiments eX.
pressed regarding the minister were
such that any court martial would
have Judged them highly subversive
of discipline.
When the time for parting came
many Of the boys broke down an6
wept.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
The Back Yard Eoq LAYER.

Intensive poultry work is being prac-
ticed as never before in the history Of
poultry culture, writes the Kansas
Farmer. In thousands of yards people
are keeping enough hens to meet the
family needs. The back yards in many
instances are Just large enough to ad-
NIT the small houses and permit of
walks between them, but there is
enough room for the work. In many
cases these plants afe not only making
expenses and adding to the family
larder, but are also bringing in a reve-
nue. The surplus eggs are sold. And
this is as it should be, for there is
enough waste from the table in most
homes to keep a dozen or so chickens.
The best way is not to overdo the mat
ter; to not keep enough to cause a
nuisance of the matter on a. small
place, but just enough to use up the
waste material, SO as to get enough
fresh eggs for the family and an occa.
sional fry or roast.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
POINTS OF A GOOD MULE.
Requirements Demanded Of Animals
For United States Army Service.

Requirements Demanded Of Animals
For United States Army Service.
The government requirements for
army mules are shown in the follow
ing score card prepared by the quar-
termaster general. AS this score card
provides for a nearly perfect animal
it is OF equal value to the farmer and
applies to any mule according to size:
Head-Fine and Of medium size,
with ears fine and erect; forehead,
broad and full; eyes, large. clear,
prominent and mild, with we'll devel-
oped brows and fine eyelids; vision, per.
feet in every respect; nostrils, large
and open.
Neck-Medium length and smoothly
Joined to the shoulders and withers,
with crest firm and full.
Shoulders-Long, obliQue, we'll and
smoothly muscled and SO formed as
to provide proper support for the col
lar.
Chest-High, wide, very deep and
full.
~Back-Short. straight and we'll and
smoothly muscled.
Loins-Short. straight, broad and
muscular.
Barrel-Large, with ribs we'll arched
and definitely separated from each
other.
Fore Legs-Vertical and properly
| placed, with elbow large. long and clear
Of chest; forearm, large, very long,
heavy muscled and vertical.
K~nees-Large. wide in front, we'll
| placed and free from blemishes.
The mule must be sound, we'll bred
and of superior class; of a kind disposi.
ton. gentle and we'll broken to har-
ness, with the exception Of the pack
mule; with free and prompt action at
! the walk and trot; free from vicious
habits, without material blemish or
defect and otherwise to conform to the
following description:
\ uniform and hardy color, in good
condition; from 1 to s years cid: weight
depending on height, to be as follows:
Wheel mules for six mule teams to
weigh from 1,15O to 1900 pounds and
be from Is hands 3 inches to 16 hands
high.
Swing mules to six mule teams tc
weigh from 1,O5O to 1.15O pounds and
be from Is hands l inch to Is hands :
inches high.
Lead mules for six mule teams tt
weigh from $50 to 1850 pounds anc
be from II hands 3 inches to Is hand:
l inch high.
Wheel mules for four mule teams tt
weigh from 100 to 1900 pounds an(
be from Is hands 2 inches to 1G hand.
high.
Lead mules for -four mule teams tt
be from 1850 to LOO pounds and be
from Is hands / Incl to Is hands :
inches high.
Pack mules to weigh $50 to 1.ON
pounds and be from Is hands 3 inche:
to Ii hands l Inch high.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
A s3,621,0oo,o 900 War Cost.

P%etrograd, Sept 6.-Finance Minister
Bark in an address to the duma stated
that in spite of enormous war expenses
Russia had succeeded in finding sufti-
cient funds, Notwithstanding the loss
of evenue caused by the prohibition
of the sale Of liquor, the tax upon
which yielded 1,OOO,OOO,OOO rubles
($5OO,OOO. 900 annually.
He stated that the war expenses Of
Russia at the end of 1915 will amount
to 7,242,OOO.O 600 rubles ($3, 1921, 900, OOM.
to cover which the minister is project.
ing a series Of credit operations.
These operations We're assured of sue
cess, Mr.. Bark said, as the national
savings had increased 1900, 600, 900 ri.
bles $500. OOO, 1000, which proved that
the country had great and sufficient re.
sources.
This was due. the minister insisted.
entirely to the temperance Of the peo.
pie, and he asserted that prohibition
must be maintained ever after the war
because of its salutary effect upon the
nation,
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
Admiral Baduer Retires,

Washington. Sept. G.-Rear Admiral
Charles j. Badger of the L. S. navy,
who since his retirement as commander
in chief of the Atlantic fleet last year
has made Washington his home, goes ON
the retired list after forty-six years in
the navy, twenty-five Of which have
been at sea. He has sailed on every
sea, has been superintendent at An
napolis, was one of the officers whu
participated in the famous Grcely re-
lief expedition to the Arctic and was
the senior commanding officer in Mex
lean waters for months following the
taking of Vera Cruz by the marines
and ~bluejackets under Fletcher, his
successor to the Atlantic feet COM
mand.
Admiral Badger is a Marylander.
His father was the late Commodore
Oscar G. Badger, U. S. n, and Ensign
Badger, y. S. n, is his son. President
Taft made him commander in chief Of
the Atlantic fleet, and President Will
son made him a member of the general
board.
AS superintendent at Annapolis he
| was known as Square Deal Badger,
a nickname that has stuck to him ever
| since. Hc was a strict disciplinarian,
but lust.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
POISON OF THE CENTlPEDE.

The centipede is popularity supposed
to carry a sting on each foot. but I
have several times handled one after
its head was removed without the
claws producing any result. 1t is the
first pair Of claws only that are ven
omous, being hollow and provided with
poison bags like a snakes fang. The
in length, a grewsome creature. A bite
from one Of this size would most likely
have been fatal to Il man in weak
health. The t%arantula, though his pow
ers Of offense are nothing like those
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17

only what they will clean up with ap-
parent relish. Always bear in mind
that the most valuable asset of the
growing pig is about 100 pounds of
bone, muscle and vigor, aided and sup
ported by a natural keen appetite.
From the fifth to the sixth month
should be the period Of preparation
that is, the time when we are getting
the pigs gradually accustomed to their
fattening ration. During this period l
have always obtained the best results
by feeding plenty Of corn and giving
the pigs the run Of a field of clover, al
falfa or cowpeas. In this way their di-
gestive systems gradually become &C.
customed to the change Of diet, and by
the end of a month or six weeks they
are In the best of condition to make
good use of all the corn they are capa-
BILE Of handling. At the end Of this
period they should be well rounded out
and weigh at least 1G5 pounds.
During the last two months, the fin
fishing period, the previously built
frame and digestive capacity, in the
making Of which a variety of suitable
feeds is so essential, is loaded with fat,
a process in which corn produces the
cheapest gains. Notwithstanding that
corn has been the object of much crit
icism by theoretical hog feeders, vet
the fact remains that corn and water
will produce more economical gains
than mixed feeds. Mixed feeds may
produce slightly greater gains, but the
quality of the pork Is not S o good. and
the loss from shrinkage on the road to
market is greater than is the case with
corn fed hogs.
How many pounds should the pigs
weigh when they are eight months old?
Well, that depends upon the mar him
Self. My ideal is the 300 pound hog at
eight months Of age, but my ideal is
quite a way from my present achieve
ments. l think l do we'll when 1 have
a bunch of pigs that average about 265
pounds at that age. This is a mark that
any careful and intelligent feeder
should be able to reach.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
Germans Fine Windau S25. 900.

P%etrograd, Sept. 7.-Refugees from
Windau. on the Baltic, who have ar
rived at Riga, relate that the first act
of the Germans in taking possession OF
Windau was to impose a levy of 3d.
600 rublcs (S25.OOW to be worked out
by the inhabitants of the city on the
roads and bridges and on their nearby
farms.
Windau is in Courland, 100 miles
northwest Of Mitau. Agricultural ma
chinery was provided by the Germans,
and the local farmers were ordered to
proceed with their harvesting. They
We're told to bring in their grain to
designated places and that the pro-
ducer of this grain would be permit
ted to retain one-tifth, the remainder
going to Germany.
The German troops have been for
hidden, these refugees continue, to dis
cuss the war with the people of Win
dau. The inhabitants of the entire
Windau community have beer enrolled
and at the same time warned that if
any mar disappeared this would be the
| signal for the destruction of the estate
on which he worked.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
Russians Not Disqruntied,

London, Sept. ANNOUNCEMENTS in
the duma at Petrograd and by Count
Benckendorff, the Russian ambassador
at London, indicate that Russia and
England are anxious to brand as un-
founded the recurrent reports that the
Russian people are disgruntled at the
showing Great Britain and France
have made in the west, which might
create a situation ~unfavorable to the
continued unity of the allies.
No hint Of a separate peace or Of
dissatisfaction with England's policy
comes from any authoritative Russian
source, and Count B~enckendorff made
it plain that there had been no criti-
cism emanating from those who under
stood the military situation.
Count BenckendOrf. in Il statement
issued, reviewed Russia's position aft
or a year of war, laid stress on the
identity OF aims Of Russia and Great
Britain and asserted that peace was
impossible except on II conditions"
Commenting on the reports that Rus
STA was dissatisfied with the efforts
the entente allies We're making in the
west, the ambassador said:
at has been said that the Russian
public hoped for a strong offensive in
the west while the Germans were max.
ing their onset in the east. This may
be so, but o a trace Of i'll feeling has
been manifested, and the sober view
which considers only military possible
ties has always prevailed. Nowhere has
the colossal effort of Great Britain and
France in the Dardanellcs been more
| appreciated than in Russia"
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
Rape For Hog Pasture.

Rape can be seeded any time from
early in spring until late summer. 1t
takes from six to ten weeks for it to
get large enough to make very much
pasture. During the hot summer
months it grows somewhat slowly, so
that If seeded late in July it will not
make much pasture until the latter
part Of September. But from then on
until late in the fall 1t will make the
best Of hog pasture. There is an album
dance of moisture In the ground at the
present time, and for that reason the
results will probably be better than
usual. The ground should be plowed
and worked down to a fine seed bed
Kansas Farmer.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
Enqland's Strono Man,

London, Sept. War, which always
brings to the fore the strongest man In
any nation, usually a military commands
or. has brought to the position Of great
est power in Great Britain a civilian,
David 1loyd-George, formerly chan
cellor Of the e%xchequcr, but now min
lister of munitions in the new coalition
cabinet. This post gave him almost
dictatorial authority in providing for
an industrial army to manufacture
cannon and ammunition for the armies
in the field. That he was the man for
the place has been proved by the en-
rollment of more than 100000 work
men in the munitions army. Also he
showed his great power when h. pre-.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
Warsaw Scene Of Many Battles.

Petrograd, Sept. 7.-Warsaw has been
controlled at some time or other by
most of the European nations.
Since its inception as a city, back In
the ninth century, Warsaw has appear
ed frequently and in different roles ON
the page Of history. Situated on the
bank of the Nistula in a fertile II
try and a center for commerce, the cap
ital Of Poland was desirable at a time
when conquest was more the order Of
the day than at present. For a long
time Warsaw was the capital of the
duchy of MaZovia, but upon the union
of Poland and Lithuania, in the early
part of the sixteenth century, it be-
came the capital of Poland.
For more than 100 years afterward
| Warsaw tlourished in comparative
| peace. At only one time was it serious
ly menaced, and her John Sobieski,
| the Polish hero, saved it from falling
into the hands of the Turks. In 1865,
| however, Charles Gustavus of Sweden
took the city, and for the first time
since becoming part of Poland Warsaw
found herself in the hands of a con-
queror.
Only for a year, however, did the
Swedes hold the city. In 1866 the
Polish took back their capital and held
1t for nearly fifty years. When it fell
into the hands Of the enemy the sec
ond time Sweden was again the victor.
For many years after that Charles II.
remained the ruler, and the city yielded
it's profits to Sweden. Again, however
the Polish threw off the c%onqueror's
yoke and became autonomous.
BY this time Russia had grown
strong enough to look around for de-
sirable lands to conquer. Poland and
Warsaw were nearest and therefore
came under the Russian influence first.
| Upon the death of Alexander III. in
1903 Russia took a hand in Polish pol.
tiles and succeeded in having Stanis
laus Poniatowski chosen king. 1t was
not until 1894, however. that the Rus
SLAMS came into actual possession OF
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
Matching Goose Eggs.

It takes thirty days to hatch goose
eggs. The last two weeks the eggs
should be sprinkled with warm water
once each day and watched while
Matching, as the goslings sometimes
need help. 1t is best to wrap the lit
tie birds in some old WOODEN cloth
placed in a basket neal the stove, as
the mother is likely to tramplc them to
death. When twenty-four hours old
great care should be taken in putting
goslings in a rat proof coop, as rats are
very fond of them.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
RAISE THINGS.

It was no trouble for our fore
fathers in this country to raise
things. They had a new and
opulent soil on which to raise
them. The crudest preparation
of that soil, the most careless
treatment Of the plants, could
not prevent a harvest. Things
are different now. The old meth
DDS were all right then. but to-
day they mean poverty-still
poorer soil and impoverished
tillerS of 1t. But there are ways
by which the soils reduced by
generations ahead Of us can be
restored to usefulness. And
there are ways by which this
restoration a be accomplished
while the land pays for it. Be
fore We give up any land that
was once fertile let us look into
these things to see whether it
cannot be made productive again
and at the same time raise
things to pay the cost.-National
Stockman and Farmer.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
Europe Mostly on Water Wagon.

London, Sept. THE latest official
information available here as to the
measures which have been taken in
other countries with regard to the sale
Of Intoxicating liquors since the out
break of the war has been made pub
lie.
In Austria-H Hungary the hours for
the sale of intoXicants have been lin
tied on ordinary days between 8 o'clock
in the morning and 5 o'clock in the
afternoon, and on Sundays and holi-
days all shops in which liquors only
are sold are closed.
More or less absolute prohibition Of,
the sale of alcoholic liquors to soldiers ,
obtains in sixteen police districts in
Denmark, and in some districts this
applies to civilians. The use of pota-'
toes and various kinds of grain in the
manufacture Of alcohol is also forbid
den.
France forbids absolutely the sale Of,
absinth.
Germany forbids the sale Of spirits
to soldiers Of all rank in uniform in
| Berlin and in the province of Branden-
burg. The output of breweries and
distilleries is limited. A bill in prepara-
ton is designed to permit the prohibit
ton of the sale of spirits.
In Holland saloons are closed earlier\
in certain districts.
The use Of potatoes and grain in Nor
way is restricted in the manufacture
Of spirits and beer. Spirits are sold on
only four days a week.
In Russia all wine shops, beer sa-
looms and government vodka shops
were closed at the beginning Of mo.
bilization. except in hotels of the first
class and the best restaurants, until
the completion Of mobilization and
this order, with slight notifications,
remains in force. The sale of beer and
wine in Petrograd is restricted to for
ty-nine hotels and restaurants. Light
red and and white wine and cham
payne may be sold by wine merchants
between 10 o'clock in the morning and
6 ocloc in the evening, except on
Saturdays and the eve of festivals,
when the hours are from 10 until 2.
The sale of all intoxicants is forbidden
on Sundays and feast days. Liquor in
the hotels and restaurants is supplied
only with meals.
In other European countries few or
no measures have been taken concern
ing the sale of liquor.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
Germans After Cotton.

Rotterdam, Sept. 5.-German news
papers report that the government Is
taking over the entire control Of the
German cotton industry. The order
which has been issued says:
"All textile factories in Westphalia
will be worked under state control as
part of an arrangement to provide for
an equitable division of cotton among
the factories in Germany"
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17

the city. Then it was taken by arms
rather than intrigue. After an attack
on Praga, a suburb across the Vistula,
Warsaw surrendered to the Russians.
The Russians had been in control of
Warsaw only twelve years when, in
1SOG, Napoleon's army took the city.
BY the peace Of Tilsit, a year later. the
city was made Independent as the cap
ital of the duchy Of Warsaw. In 1909
the city was again taken, however, and
this time by the Austrians. Their oc-
cupation lasted only two months, when
the city was again made free and indie
pendent. In 1918 the Russians finally
took the city and held it, together with
the rest Of Poland. [37 Al
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
Burn Cholera Carcasses.

In controlling and preventing hog
cholera in infected herds one Of the
first things to do is burn all carcasses.
to expose the fat and raise the fire
from the ground to secure a draft from
below.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17

Of the scorpion or centipcde, is. how
ever. a more unpopular character than
either. The horror of thes large spi-
ders entertained by many people is
curious and un~accountable. have
seen Australian bushmen, who in ev-
eryday life scarcely seemed to under
stand danger, turn white as a sheet
ut the sight of a small "triantelope."
as they called it.-Chambers' Journal.
The Ekalaka eagle. [volume] (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1909-1920, 1915-09-17
The Progressives and 1916.

San Francisco, Sept. G-Hiram John
son, governor of California and nomi-
nee OF the Progressive party for vice