davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Chitina leader. [volume] (Chitina, Alaska) 1910-1928, 1915-11-23
ANCHORAGE HAS FIRST FIRE
BUT LITTLE DAMAGE DONE

ANCHORAGE, Nov. 15-The volun
teer fire department answered its first
alarm last night when two small cab
ms were destroyed on the edge OF
town. The damage was nominal.
Construction work on the Eagle rfv.
er bridge was commenced today. the
track having been completed to that
point.
The seven bootleggers who were
arrested Saturday pleaded guilty and
were fined. Five more were arrested
today and also pleaded guilty, paying
a fine. This makes % arrests ana
convictions under the liquor law pro-
hibiting sales within the government
townsite,
The Chitina leader. [volume] (Chitina, Alaska) 1910-1928, 1915-11-23

AM. d several places bn did not even
see a register. There are a few
however. who live up to the letter OF
the law and do all they can to keep
track of everyone that passes their
roadhouses, either day or night.
For several years before the law
was passed the people along the
trail and in town advocated such a
requirement, and almost everybody
was delighted when the act was put
on the statute books. The prime pur.
pose Of the law was to prevent and
detect crime, but incidentally shows
the whereabouts of a number of men
who are inquired for by friends.
The new law does not apply only
to the Chitina trail, but to every tran
in Alaska, and the federal officials
express the intention of seeing that
1t is enforced.
The Chitina leader. [volume] (Chitina, Alaska) 1910-1928, 1915-11-23
MARTIAL BONDS ANNuLLED
BY THE DISTRICT COURT

A divorce was granted by Judge
Brown In the suit of Josphine Anger
man against Balthauser Angerman.
The wife wanted alimony, the costs
and the custody Of the child but no
alimony was granted and the child
was given into her custody subject to
revocation Of the order. Mr.. Anger
man Is from Latouche and Mrs. An
german Ia from Kennscott.
The Chitina leader. [volume] (Chitina, Alaska) 1910-1928, 1915-11-23
LATE TELEGRAPH|C NEWS NOTES
Record of the Principal Happenings of the World


acute case, and refuse to give out
positive assurances of his recovery
They say that his condition is most
serious.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 16-President
Wilson is at work preparing his mes
sage to be read to the coming Con-
gress. The message will occupy a
large portion of his time from now to
Thanksgiving Day, when expects to
have it ready for submission to the
cabinet While nothing official has
been given out regarding the con-
tents, and they will not be known
until Congress opens, it is semi-official-
ly stated that the principal topic of
the president will be the subject Of
national defense. Other important
matters to be treated will be the ques-
ton of additional revenue, conserva-
ton of national resources and the
PHILIPPINES.
WASHINGTON Nov. 1.-THE win.
ter headquarters of the Alaska En-
cheering Commission VIII be escab-
lished in this city with Chairman
c. Edes of the commission in charge
assisted by Thos. Riggs, Jr. The
third member of the commission,
Lieutenant Mears, will remain in
Anchorage for the winter. Both Edes
and Riggs will be called into consul
tation with Secretary Lane concern
ing the governments future plans for
the Alaska railroad. 1t is said that
the secretary will ask Congress for an
appropriation of eight million for the
work of the commission next year
WASHINGTON, Nov. 1s-Bids
were opened by the navy department
today for the construction of two
super-dreadnaughts. All the bids in
both cases were much larger than the
departmental estimates of the cost,
and there is possibility that they
will all be rejected and new bids call
ed for, or Daniels may recommend the
enlargement of the government navv
yards and have the government build
it's own ships.
TAFT, Calf, Nov. 18-The navy
department has taken sixty-nine Sec
lions of unopened public land near
here and will systematically explore
the same for the purpose of locating
fuel oil to be used on the ships of the
navy
DOUGLAS, Ariz., Nov. 18-A por.
ton of Carranza's army ambushed a
large detachment Villaites and in the
resulting fight put the enemy to rout.
IS of Villas men being killed and fifty
wounded. Advices have been receiv.
ed here telling of the murder of Thos
Hart, an American citizen who re-
fused to leave Sonora when ordered
to by Villa. Hart was killed by band
of Mexicans who were said to be part
of Villas army. General Obregon
with a strong force is advancing on J
Cananea and big battle is impend-
ing.
KALAMAZOO, Nov. 1s-Former,
Senator Burrows of Michigan died
here today after a lingering Illness.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 19-supreme |
Justice Charles Hughes has notified |
the Secretary of State for Nebraska,
that he was not and would not be a |
for the presidential nomina-
ion by the republican party in the
oext election, and requested him not
to print his name on Nebraska's pri-
mary ballot a. such,
The Chitina leader. [volume] (Chitina, Alaska) 1910-1928, 1915-11-23

WASHINGTON. Nov. 15-President
Wilson has instructed Postmaster
General Burleson to re-instate George
Burkett as assistant Postmaster of
Winnetka, Illinois. Burkett was re-
moved because of his outspoken and
severe criticisms of the president
when the announcement was made of
Wilson's engagement to Mrs. Gait
The president was very much dis
pleased when the facts concerning
Burkett's removal were made known
to him, and Immediately ordered Bur-
Lesson to give the man back his job if
there were no other charges against
him. Burkett had publicly excoriat-
ed Wilson for presuming to marry
again so soon after the death of his
former wife.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 15-An i'm
portant decision was handed down by
the Supreme Court of the United
States today regarding the enforce
ment of the laws regulating the
transportation of liquor in interstate
commerce. Under the law as decided
by the court a man who ships liquor
from one state to another under
false label, may be prosecuted either
in the state of destination or in the
state from which the goods were sent.
NEW YORK, Nov. 15-The abnorm-
al activity in the stock market con-
tinues and the volume of the days
sales reached an enormous number.
The market is in highly speculative
condition with the metal stocks fea-
turing. The usual investment issues
of bonds and debentures are display
ing unwonted haeviness and are NOV
ing with hardly any interest being
taken III tneIn.
SEATTLE, Nov 15-The Great
Northern liner Minnesota, the largest
ship sailing on the Pacific ocean, left
here today for Liverpool with a full
cargo of grain, fish lumber. The big
ship will probably never be seen in
service on the west coast again, as
she will likely enter the Atlantic
freight service. The Minnesota was
the last American liner which piled
between the coast cities and, the
Orient.
CHICAGO, Nov. 16-The first real
snow storm of the year occurred yes
terday evening and last night two
inches of snow falling. The weather
was cold and the snow light and no
hindrance to normal traffic conditions
resulted.
TOXIC, Nov. 16-News dispatches
which have appeared in the American
newspapers reporting serious revolu-
tionary troubles in Japan, have been
investigated here, and nothing can
be found which confirms the news
stories. The government has denied
hat any such occurrences have taken
place.
BRISTOL, s. D., Nov. 6-There
mas been discovered shortage of
100000 in the funds of the First |
bank. Of this city. and Torgu
the cashier, has been
Missing for two weeks.
NEW YORK, Nov. 16-The public
vas informed today that Mayer Nit
,hel had been removed to hospital
Turing the night and been operated on
or appendicitis. The diease develop.
ID suddenly and the attending physi-
,ians state that the Mayor has en-
The Chitina leader. [volume] (Chitina, Alaska) 1910-1928, 1915-11-23
R0ADH0USE men
NOT 0bEY|NC
NEW LAW

According to some late arrivals from
the interior, there are some of the
roadhouse men along the big high
way who are not living up to the
law passed by the last legislature; re
curing all roadhouses to keep re-
gister of all persons who stop or
pass the places. One man who came
in stated that he was required to
register at only three roadhouses
The Chitina leader. [volume] (Chitina, Alaska) 1910-1928, 1915-11-23

J. H. Phillips, who worked the
Alaska coast towns last summer by
The Chitina leader. [volume] (Chitina, Alaska) 1910-1928, 1915-11-23

Nifty Job printing at the Times.
The Chitina leader. [volume] (Chitina, Alaska) 1910-1928, 1915-11-23

DICTIONARY AGENT IS
CAUGHT IN IOWA TOWN
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01
Bishop

too much was expected of the Pope in crisis
where material force is too little concerned
with moral force"
On the top of this agitation | found my
self IN the study of the Bishop of London, who
quite plainly did not think he had to live up to
the duasm of division in the temporal and
spiritual power. Should the Church be neu
trail in time of war? Should it deal absolutely
with the spiritual alone? Is it making COM
promise in the support of this war? Thou
shalt not kill" How can the Church COM
promise with the commandment?
zone cam" said the Bishop, for he was
good logician. "Of course war is wholly in
consistent with Christian principles, but r:ea;7-
while the Christian has to make the choice of
the second best Because our Lord said at
particular moment that his servants were not
to fight, He could not mean that they were .
see their women and children treated as the
Belgian women and children have been and do
nothing"
SO it is not necessary for the Bishop to
represent God alone, like the Pope. He can
also represent the nation, and fortunately for
the Bishop, when that nation believes it has
a
is there contradiction, in the support of the
war. "The Father brings US the cup" said
the Bishop; "the cup which my Father has
given me, shall not drink it,"
If it is the will of God that is being done
one must fulfil it with "fortitude-gong on
steadily unswervngly, bearing everything, on,
on, on to the end. Fortitude, fortitude in
glorious cause"
"How glorious is the cause, Bishop" l in
terrupted.
To which the answer was, when Analysed:
How ignoble is the cause against US! Once
convinced of that-and that is not difficult
then how holy is our war;"
The Bishop sat in his purple ca sock against
a great French window leading out into an
ancient garden and read me his answer on how
holy is this war. 1t happens that he had just
written a letter explaining why he used the
term "a holy war" when he speaking from
a wagon TO the soldiers in a camp, which term
was taken exception to by his less logical con-
freres.
He read to me from his own writings like a
echoolhoy poumhlino his words under his
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01

a century, and found that the total amounted
to nine and half millions while by includ
ing the NapoleOnic and other wars of the
beginning of the nineteenth century, he con-
sidered that that total would be doubled. Put
in another form, Lapouge says, the wars Of
century spill 12OOOO,O0O gallons of blood,
enough to fill 100000 forty-gallon casks, or
to create a perpetual fountain sending up
jet Of $50 gallons per hour, fountain which
has been flowing increasingly ever since the
dawn of history. 1t is to be noted also, that
those slain on me battlefield by no means rep
resent the total victims of war, but only about
half of them; more than half of those who,
from one cause or another, persisted in the
Franco-Prussan war; it is said, were not bel
ligerents. Lapouge wrote some ten years ago
and considered that the victims of war, though
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01

remaining about absolutely the same in number
through the ages, were becoming relatively
fewer.
The great war of to-day would perhaps have
disturbed his calculations, unless we may as
sumo that it will be followed by tremendous
reaction against war. For at the end Of last
Nav. when the war had lasted for nine months,
it was estimated that if it should continue at
the present rate land, for all we know, its
scale may be enlarged) until the end of next
May, the total loss to Europe in lives destroyed
or manned will be 100000, about equal to
fve-sixths of the whole young manhood OF the
German Empire, and nearly the same number
of victims as Lapouge reckoned as the normal
war toll of a whole half century of European
"civilization." 1t is scarcely necessary to add
that all these bald estimates Of the number
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01
9OTxTNG FORWARD-EgJGENlCS AND THE GREAT WAN
He Names the Price Carnage Costs
the Future i'm the Lowered
Quality of the Race-~Peace'
Not War, Develops
Heroic Stamina

proved Unexpectedly difficult to unrayel. and
most writer's on the subject have been argsl,
occupied in correcting the mistakes Of tbe,
predecessors. Vilerme, in 1929, remarked tia,
the long series Of French wars up to 1915 mus
probably reduce the height Of the Frenc,
people, though he was unable to prove Tia.
this was so.
Dufau, in 1910, was in a better position IA
Judge and he pointed out that, comparing
1916 and 1885, the number Of young men
exempted from the army had doubled in The
interval, even though the regulation heigh,
had been lowered. This result, however. he
held. was not so alarming as it might appear.
and probably only temporary, for it was seen.
ingly due to the fact that in 1906 and lie
following years the male population was caIsa
to arms in masses, even youths being accepted.
so that a vast number Of precociOus marriages
of often defective men took place. The result
would only be terrible, Dufau believed IL pro
longed; his results, however, were not alto.
gether reliable for he failed to note the bro.
portion of men exempted to those examined
The question was investigated more thor.
ouphly by Tschouriloff in 1876 He came 10
the conclusion that the Napoleonc wars had
no great influence on stature, since the regula.
ton height was lowered in 1906 and abolished
altogether for healthy men in 1911, and any
defect of height in the next generation is
speedily repaired. Tschouriloff agreed how.
ever. that, though { 2 influence of war in ii.
minishing the height of the race is unimpOrt
ant. the influence of war in increasing physical
defects and infirmities in subsequent genera
tions is very different matter. He found that
the physical deterioration Of war manifested
itself chiefly in the children born eight years
afterwards, and, therefore, in the recruits
twenty-eight years after the war. He regarded
it as an undoubted fact that the French army
of half million men in 1909 increased by 3
per cent the proportion Of heredtarly inhrm
persons He found, moreover, that the new
born of 1914, that is to say, the military class
of 1884. showed that infirmities had risen
from 80 per cent to ASS per cent, an increase
of so per cent Nor is the status quo entirely
brought back later on for the bad heredy
of the increased number of detectives tends to
be still further propagated, even though in an
attenuated FORM AS a matter of fact,
Tschouriloff found that the proportion Of ex'
emptions from the army for infrmity increased
enormously from % per cent in lSl6-'N 70
SO per cent in 1867, declining later 10 81
per cent in 1S60-'64, though he is careful to
point out that this result must not be entirely
ascribed to the reversed selection Of wars.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01
From ALI Past History, Says Have
lock Ellis, We Learn That the
Post-Bellum Generation Pays
the Bills---Witmess BOer
War Shortages To-day

equally among philosophers, miltarists and
journalists, that not only is war "a biological
necessity but that it is peace, and not war,
which effeminates and degenerates a nation.
In Germany indeed, this doctrine is so gen
orally accepted that it is not regarded as a
scientific thesis to be proved, but as a religious
dogma to be preached. 1t is evident that we
cannot decide this question, so vital to human
progress, except on foundation of cold and
hard fact.
SOUTH AFRICAN WAR RESULTS.
Whatever may be the result of war on the
quality of the breed there can be little reason
able doubt of its effect on the quantity. The
reaction after war may create a stimulating
influence on the birth rate to effect more or
less satisfactory recovery, but 1t seems clear
that the drafting away of a large proportion
of the manhood of nation necessarily dimln-
ishes births. In the present year English
board schools are sending out an unusually
small number of pupils into life, and this is
directly due to the South African War fifteen
years ago. Still more obvious is the direct
effect of war, apart from diminishing the num-
Der of births, in actually pouring out the blood
of the young manhood of the race. In the very
earliest stage of primitive humanity it seems
probable that man was as untouched by war
fare as his animal ancestors, and it is salts
factory to think that war had no part in the
first birth Of man into the world. Even the
long early stone age has left no distinguish
able sign of the existence of warfare.
WARS BEGINNINGS.
1t was not until the late stone age, the age
of polished flint implements, that we discern
evidence of the homicdal attacks of man on
man. Even then we are concerned more with
ouarrels than with battles, for one of the
earliest cases of wounding known in human
history, is that Of pregnant young woman
found in the Cro-magnon Cave, whose skull
had been cut open by a flint several weeks
before death, an indication that she had been
cared for and nursed. 1t was at a later stage
of human history, though still so primitive as
to be prehistoric, that organized warfare de-
veloped. At the dawn of history war
abounded The earliest literature of the
Aryans- whether Greeks, Germans or Hindus
is nothing but a record of systematic mas
sacres, and the early history of the Hebrews,
leaders in the worlds religion and morality,
is complacently bloodthirsty. Lapouge con-
siders that in modern times, though wars are
fewer in number, the total number of victims
is still about the same, so that the stream of
bloodShed throughout the ages remains unaf-
fected. He attempted to estimate the victims
of war for each civilized country during half
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01

Of direct victims to var give no clew TO the
moral and material damage-apart from all
question of injury to the race-done by the
sudden or slow destruction of so large pro-
norton of the young manhood of the world
the ever widening circles of anguish ana
misery and restitution which every fatal bullet
imposes on humanity, for it is probable that
for every ten million soldiers who fall on the
field fifty million other persons at home are
plunged into grief or poverty, or some form OF
ife-diminishing trouble.
The foregoing considerations have not, how
ever, brought US strictly within the field OF
eugenics. They indicate the great extent to
which war affects the human breed, but they
do not show that war affects the quality of
the breed, and until that is shown the eugenst
remains undisturbed.
HITTING THE "FIT" PER CENT.
There are various circumstances which, at
the outset, and even in the absence of expert
mental veriication, make it difficult or impos-
sible, that even the bare mortality of war tfor
the eugenical bearings of war are not confined
to its mortality should leave the eugenist
Indifferent For war never hits men at ran
dom. 1t only hits carefully selected per-
centage of eft" men. It tends, in other words,
to strike out temporarily, or in a fatal event
permanently, from the class Of fathers pre-
cisely that percentage of the population which
the eugenst wishes to see in that class. This
is equally the case in countries with some
form of CONSUMPTION and in countries which
rely on a voluntary military system. For,
however an army is recruited it is only the
men reaching fairly high standard of fitness
who are accepted, and these, even in times of
peace, are hampered in the task of carrying
on the race, which the less fit and the unfit
are free to do at their own good pleasure.
Nearly all the ways in which war and armies
disturb the normal course of affairs seem
likely to interfere with eugencal breeding, and
none to favor it. Thus, at one time in the
Napoleonc wars the French age of conscrip-
ton fell to eighteen, while marriage was
cause of exemption, with the result of vast
increase of hasty and ill-adyised marriages
among. boys, certainly injurious to the race.
Armies. again are highly favorable to the
spread of racial posons, especially of syphilis,
the most dangerous of all, and this cannot
fail to be, in a marked manner, dysgenic rather
than eugenc.
sPECULATIONS on THE NAPOLEONIC WARS.
The Napoleonic wars furnish the first oppor
tunity of testing the truth of Frankin's asser-
ton concerning the disastrous effect of armies
on the race by the collection Of actual and
precise data. But the significance of the data
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01
By HAVELOCK ELLIS.

N DEALING with war it is not enough to
discuss the place of warfare in nature or
its effects on primitive peoples. Even if
we decide that the general tendency OF
civilization is unfavorabe to war we have
scarcely settled matters. 1t is necessary to
push the question further home. Primitive
warfare among savageS, when it fails to Kill,
may be a stimulating and invigorating eXer-
else, simply a more dangerous form OF dane
ing. But civilized warfare is different kind
of thing, to a very limited extent depending on,
or encouraging the proves of the individual
fighting men, and to be judged by other stan
dards. What precisely is the measurable eject
of loar, If any, on the civilized human breed!
If we want TO know what to do about war IN
the future, that is the question we have o
answer.
WARS PAID FOR IN PEACE.
Wars are not paid for in war time said
d BENJAMIN Franklin, "the bill comes later"
Franklin, who was pioneer in so many fields,
seems to have been a pioneer in eugenlcs also
bv arguing that a standing army dminlshes
the size and breed of the human species lie
had. however, no definite facts wherewlth to
demonstrate conclusively that proposition.
Even to-day, it cannot be said that there Is
complete agreement among biologists as to
the effect Of war on the race. Thus we md a
distinguished American zoologist, Chancellor
Starr Jordan, constantly procamng that the
effect of war in reversing selection is great
overshadowng truth Of history; warllke
nations. he declares, become efeminate, while
peaceful nations generate a iercely militant
spirit. Another distinguished American scien-
tst Professor Ripley, in his great work, The
Races of Europe" likewise concludes that
standing armies tend to overload succeeding
generations with inferior types of men, A
cautious English biologist, Professor j. Arthur
Thomson, is equally decided in this opinion,
and in his recent Cation lecture sets forth the
view that the influence of war on the race, both
directly and indirectly, is injurious; ne admits
that there may be beneficial as well as deter-
orative influences but the former merely al
fects the moral atmosphere, not the hereditary
germ plasm; biologically, war means wastage
and a reversal of rational selection, since 1t
prunes off dsproportionay large number
Of those whom the race can least afford TO
lose. On the other hand, another biologist, DR..
Chalmers Mitchell, equally opposed to war,
cannot feel certain that the total effect of even
a great modern war is to deteriorate the stock,
while in Germany, as we know, it is the gener-
allv current opinion, scientific and unscientific,