davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1915-01-15

In answer to the question, Can
Sweden bear the expense of possible
war;" Hannah Astrup Larsen says:
THAT is a difficult question to an
swer. for up to the present time there
has been no war in the waters of
Northern Europe since the time OF
wooden frigates; so that we really do
not know what naval battle will
cost The economic status of Sweden
has improved rapidly during the last
decade, though IL would hardly be
correct to say that she Is a rich coun-
try. but rather that she is becoming
rich. An interruption to her economic
progress now would indeed be a seri-
Gus matter, and we have every rea-
son to avoid ENHANCEMENT In any
war. We do not know that Sweden is
able to carry much heavier burdens
of military taxes than at present. But
the question of defending our an
Cient liberties is not one that admits
of argument in terms of ore and kro-
ner; II il a matter of course with all
people who have not lost faith in
themselves. History shows that the
nations who have persisted from the
earth have persisted not because they
were weak, but because they no longer
believed I'm themselves. Poland was
subjugated only because she was al
ready disintegrated by civil strife.
Denmark lost heavily In the war with
Germany, but her entity as a nation
was not destroyed. Sweden may be
conquered. but she will never be
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1915-01-15

Missionary Frederick Johansson
died in Betul, India, on the last OF
August OF typhoid fever. Missionary
Johansson was born I'm Sweden In
1866 and was sent to India
for the first time by the Evangelical
Observation-Disclosures in 1896, as a
leader in the practical work of the
mission field. Later he returned to
Sweden and spent some years in study.
ing. In 1909 he was ordained min
lister and since then labored as mis-
sionary in the Betul mission field. His
death is great loss TO the mission.
= i. -
The Swedish Lutheran Sophia con.
gregation i'm Paris, France. is badly
affected by the war. The contribu-
tions have decreased and the expenses
can hardly be met. The deficit for the
year will be about 5000 francs. The
church council of the congregation has
reported the conditions to the ecclesi-
asticai department in Sweden.
!. !. i. 4. 1. !. i. 1. + + 1. + + 1. !. + !.
= DENMARK. +
i. = !. + !. 4. + i. 4. = !. !. Z + j. = +
Iceland Ia In the throes of political
crisis and the people are hugely en-.
joying IL, according to recent dis
patches from Reykjavik. because IL
provides them with something to talk
about these long. cold winter nights.
II is nothing else than a quarrel be-
tween the Liberal party, which Is i'm
the ascendancy, and the king of Den
mark, who Is the ruler of Iceland. II
has led to the resignation of Prime
Minister Eggerz, but he has consented
to remain in Office for the present, and
IL matters are arranged to his sat
isfaction he will no doubt withdraw
his resignation altogether. There
are two points of disagreement with
the king. The first concerns the
constitution. Icelanders, being pro
gressive folk. want an up-to-date con.
stitutioD. and in the last session OF
parliament various changes In the old
constitution were agreed to in ac-
cordance with the popular demand.
But when the prime minister sent
them TO the king for his signature the
latter refused to affix It. He main.
tanned that the constitution of Ice.
land could not be changed without
the sanction of the Danish parliament.
The sturdy Icelandic Liberals. on the
other hand. contended that their own
parliament was quite competent to
fix up their constitution and that the
Danish parliament had no business
to NEEDLE with IL. The other point at
issue concerns the flag question.
Iceland for some time has been anx-
ious to have flag that II could call
its own. and the king promised. II is
said, that It's desire should be graft
fed. The Liberal majority in the
parliament in Reykjavik. having com
plete faith In the patriotism and good
taste of the; prime minister. author
lied him to go ahead and get up
flag and settle the matter personally
with the king. But the king declined
70 consider the design for a flag sub
mltted BY the prime minister, alleg-
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1915-06-04

: because everybody said so formerly. AS
/ for the rest am as much of a man as
you
Benton did not finish the sentence
Z Gen villa, quick as, lightning. threw
himself, pistol in hand, on the English
man, with the intention of instantly
I killing him The woman placed her
/ self between the two thus preventing
! villa from firing. The officers Of the
guard also threw themselves on Ben
| ton, and disarming him. led him off
I Immediately to an adjoining room.
where he was handcuffed and detained
until 1870 p. m Of that day, at which
hour Villa ordered that Benton be
taken in a locomotive and caboose by
the savage Fierro as far as Samala-
yuca TO be killed there and buried on
the same spot
In this manner said Villa. Ben
ton viii disappear and everybody will
be in ignorance Of what has happened
to him.
The Killing Of Benton.
a few seconds later. Fierro, &C
companied by Lieut.. Col Jesus NJ. Rios
chief OF Villas bodyguard, started out
leading Benton away to murder him,
in compliance with the commands Of
his chief
7 have to relate that the customary
method OF shooting is not followed in
the northern division: that is to say.
that those who are sentenced to that
by a guard previously designated for
the purpose This job is done by
those very officers who form the body
guard Of villa, with their own pistols,
their victims being shot down through
the forehead FierrO, Baca. Samaniego.
etc, are the ones who have introduced
mis- most novel from Of shooting in
the northern division.
This was the proceeding that was
Followed with the unfortunate Benton.
While the soldiers who accompanied
FlerTO and Rios were busy digging the
hole in which Benton was to be buried
the latter stood calmly by and when
they finished the hole he looked at il,
saying: Please make the hole deeper,
otherwise the coyotes will be able to
get at my body So great was the
courage Of that Englishman that on
the brink of the grave his British calm
and serenity did not abandon him.
FierrO's Brutal Shot.
"They gratified Benton's desire.
making the hole deeper and then
FierrO, always FierrO. fired his enor-
nous pistol calibre .45, with expansive
bullet, through the head of the Eng
lishman. who fell lifeless, with his
head torn TO pieces.
Attempts to Hide the Deed.
villa fatty denied that Benton had
been in Ciudad Juarez. He insisted on
imputing the disappearance of the
English landowner to the personal enc
mics which Benton had made Of the |
workers and persons with whom he
had had dealings
Two days went by in this manner /
amid great excitement Of the Ameri- /
can people and categorical and posi- I
tive denials on the part of Villa. |
Finally American consul Edwards /
went to see Villa with a message from 1
the secretary OF state. Mr.. Bryan. in 4!
which the consul was ordered to make I
Investigations regarding BentOn's I
bouts.
" Certainly he said to the consul 4
I ordered Benton TO be shot, but it
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1915-06-04

n ETAILS OF the murder of William
Benton, the Englishman, by Ro
dolfo Fierro- on orders Of Panchc
villa, and OF the disappearance and death
Of Gustave Bauch, an American. are pub
lished in the New York Times from a
confession signed by Luis Aguirre Be
uaVides- The details Of the murder
Of Benton coincide with the exposure
published in The FL Paso Herald a
short time after the Benton murder.
save that The Herald was informed
at that time that Fierro shot Ben
ton without orders from villa. The
story then was that FierrO had been
ordered 10 take Benton to prison in
Chihuahua, but that Fierro killed the
man near Samalayuca Of his own &C
cord
Nobody hereabouts was ever able to
locate a trace Of Bauch after his dis
appearance in Juarez 1t was stated,
at that time, however, that his
exactly as told by Benavides in
New York American consul T.
D. Edwards reported visiting the
Bauch and having talked with him one
and the presumption was that he was
shot by a Villa firing squad Bena-
vides asserts that Bauch was never
locked up but was shot on the streets
after winning too much money from
the Villa gambling house.
BentOn's Murder.
me New York Times says that Luis
Aguirre Benavides was until three
months ago secretary to Villa His
story Of the killing of Benton and
Bauch, signed and on file in the Car
rama consulate general in New York,
is reported as follows in that paper
1T was on February Il, 1914. Ben
ton, who had been living IN the state
OF chihuahua for several years past,
was the owner Of a plantation called
FL Alamo, was killed. Benton was a
great friend Of the former ruling fam
lily in Chihuahua, the TerraZas, who
favored him with their unconditional
protection.
Because of this he had Villas i'll
will, and he ordered Benton's property
TO be seized With this motive, Benton
at the residence Of Gen Villa, around
Il o'clock noon on the day above re
ferred to. Those Of US who were &C
companying the general at that time
were engineer Andres l. Farias Ctoday
municipal president Of TOrreOn, Goa
huila): MAJ Manuel Z. Banda. and a
woman unknown TO me, who had gone
there for the discussion Of some mat
At come said Benton to Gen. villa.
to request that you order my property
which has been seized, TO be returned3i
TO me
TO our country replied the general I
Nevertheless, as you are foreigner, u [
have to respect you; but I warn you /
that II does not suit me that you con- u
time to live in Mexico Tell me the. /
value Of your property that 1 may buy I
It OF you, and throw you out Of the (
3
I will not sell my property at any \
price answered Benton, nor am I in |
clined to leave the country; I am a I
foreigner and must have guarantees
You are a @ You have said 4
that I am bandit
~ DO not insult me. general It is
true I have said that you are a bandit
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1915-06-04
STREET CAR COMPANY PUTS
ITNE BUSES INTO SERVICE

Everett, Wash, June ITO compete
with Independent jitne busses which
have seriously depleted the receipts of
the Everett Railway, Light & Water
Co, that corporation is preparing to-
day to enter actively into the iitne bus
field, according to announcement made
by manager D. c. Barnes. The com
pany will operate a number of buses
on streets where the railways do not
extend
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1915-06-04
.BENTON'S MURDER BY FIERRO
CONFIRMED AS TOLD IN HERALD

Villas Former Secretary Now Makes Confession Con
firming ALI Details Hitherto Published in The Herald
but Adding that Villa Ord cred Fierro to Do Murder
ing; Says Bauch Was Killed for Winning Money
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1915-06-04

New York Spoon.
The New York spoon coupon appears
in tomOrrOw's Weekend Herald.
Do Not Overlook.
The New York spoon coupon appears
in the Weekend edition Of The Herald
tomorrow. Do not miss it.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1915-06-04

~ ETAILS Of the murder of Wnliau
Benton, the Englishman, by Ro
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1915-06-04

Oriental Cream. magic
beauhfier; regularly Sl.50
a bottle; special 80. $1.1O
Pinaud's LiIas Vegetal;
regularly 75c; special see
Mum" deodorant; regu-
larry 25c; special -. lie
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1915-06-04

Children's Cotton Socks with fancy
tops. in sizes A to 9. are good values
at...........2 Pairs for 25c
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-07-04

One of the officials further explained
nat some OF them would soon be
brought back and returned to their
lands. as they had been good Indians
on the Yucatan plantations. but if this
were done it was an exceptional in
stance Few of the exiled Yaquis were
allowed to return: yet there were al: al
guerrilla warfare with the troops, and
the reprisals on both sides, in their
savagery, were almost equal to the
atrocities charged by the Christian
powers of Europe to one another in
the present war.
1t was a certainty that any revolu-
tionary leader who could make a stand
against Diaz would rally the support
of the Yaquis, although they were lit
tie concerned about conditions in 9TH
er parts of Mexico. When. Gen. Car
rama crossed the Sierra Madres with
his small following and began his
campaign against Huerts he was sure
of the support of the Yaquis.
Gov. Maytorena. who had been count
ed in by the Maderstas in the cleo
ton held under the Madero 'consti-
tutional government" in refusing to
accept the authority of Huerta, felt
that the Yaquis would stand by him,
for they knew Huerta. So Sonora al
most from the beginning was in the
possession of the revolutionists.
In the neighboring state of Sinaloa
the Huertistas were able to maintain
themselves for a while. 1t was the
Yaquis who enabled Gen. Carranza to
take Culiacan. the capital of that state
Subsequently they were in most of the
so-called battles until Sonora and SIN
aloa were cleared of the federal troops.
The revolutionary conditions and the
overthrow Of the Madero regime en-
abled many of the Yaquis who had
been exiled to Yucatan and Tehuan-
tepec to return. These Yaquis I'M
doubtedly have better idea of Mexico
as something more than Sonora than
have theeir fellow-tribesmen in the
Yaqui valley.
Some of the Yaquis also formed part
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-07-04

phletS as aids to aliens seeking natu'
radiation or already naturalized. Also
subject to 1900 judges who are empow.
cred to grant naturalization. One OF
our publications is the Constitution OF
the United States, the only free dis
tributed copy of the Constitution to be
had anywhere.
This printing and distribution of the
Constitution came about in curious
manner. The secretary Of the chapter
at New Orleans wrote in relating an
incident that had happened in the nat
uralization court in that city. The
Judge, seeking to test the knowledge
of applicants for NATURALIZATION regard
ing the Constitution, asked the clerk
for a copy of that instrument. None
was to be found readily. OF course,
suppose, they did not think to look in
the court copy of the Revised Statutes.
But this gave to the secretary the idea
that it might be well to see that pro-
spective applicants for naturalization
the source of all our institutions. in
order that they might the better quail
fly for citizenship.
The suggestion was acted upon at
once. AS beginning we printed 10000
copies of the Constitution for free dis
tribution The success of the plan was
instantaneous. The demand for copies
was extraordinary. and more than 1o0.-
600 copies have been issued. For exam
pie, we had more than 100 applications
from school children in Brooklyn, most
of them evidently from foreign-born
children. I recall one little girl who
wrote in the naive statement that she
needed the Constitution 'awfully.'
I'VE print special leaflets for foreign
ers in a dozen different languages.
giving in simple terms an explanation
Of the institutions of this government.
Then we have two special leaflets IN
English explaining the reasons for nat
uraliza ton.
Here is sound, practical work. help
full to the nation and helpful to the
individual.
"This regard for the .lien seeking
naturalization and this desire to aid
his new citizenship is truly American.
1t has been truthfully said that 'Amerf-
canism is not determined by race or
place of birth. but by the spirit that Is
in a man..
peoples of several tongues, and in 1775
one-flfth of the inhabitants could not
speak English, while one-half was or
other than Anglo-Saxon descent. These
had their share in creating this repub-
lie. Those who came after them must
"Now, to recur to the matter OF the
preservation of the sources of Ameri-
can history. condition of amazing
neglect and carelessness on the part
of the government exists. which. despite
the activities and agitation carried on
by the archives committee of the Amer
lean Historical Association and by the
Sons of the American Revolution. has
not yet been cured.
"OfYicfal records of nation and states,
records of inestimable legal and histor-
icai value, in this country have been
ruthlessly destroyed or lost, while in
every other civilized nation they are
preserved with the utmost care. To
this day you may go into the great de-
partments in Washington and find rec
ords of the revolutionary period, the
period of the war of 1912, and Of other
historic periods. ittering up the cor:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-07-04

profound reverence for the principles
of the government founded by our
forefathers; to encourage historical re-
search in relation to the American
revolution: to acquire and preserve the
records of the individual services of
the patriots of the war, as well as doc
uments. relics and landmarks; to mark
the scenes of the revolution by appro-
pirate memorials; to celebrate the an
niversaries of the prominent events of
the war and of the revolutionary Pc
riod; to foster true patriotism; to main
tain and extend the institutions of
American freedom, and to carry out the
purposes expressed in the preamble of
injunctions of Washington in his fare
well address to the American people.
-
zone Of the most wholesome activi-
ties Of the national society is in the
direction of helping the foreign-born
residents Of the country to a better I'M
Outstanding Of American citizenship
and of American institutions. The
committee on education Of aliens is
directly in charge of this work. 1t as
Philadelphia May 10, under the aus
pieces of the municipal government.
where 1000 recently naturalized citi-
zens were addressed by President Will
Blankenburg and others on the i'm
portance Of duties assumed through
naturalization.
1.-The society this year is laying par
ticular emphasis on work in this d.
rection. Thus a circular letter from
the society's national headquarters has
gone out urging members of the or
ganization as patriotic and loyal citi-
zens of our country. to earnestly CO.
operate with the national Americaniza-
ton day committee in the movement to
make the celebration of Independence
day an occasion for welcoming recent
ly naturalized citizens in every city Of
the land
I'm Washington. Syracuse and other
cities particularly noteworthy meet
ings are to be held July 5. The circu-
lar concludes:
Patriotism. the privileges of Amer
lean citizenship and the ideals of citi-
zenship in this country will be the
themes of addresses in these celebra-
lions. The mayors of the principal
cities of the country have been request
ed by the New York committee to thus
inaugurate Americanization day. and
more than sixty cities have already
planned to carry out this practical pa
triotic observance
1.-THE society is now printing and dis
trtbuting annually millions Of pam.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-07-04

ROM the establis hment of the
SSI1 republic down to 1876. the
IT. centennial year. we Ameri-
q cans really did not know
what our history was. That year marked
an awakening. Since then much prog
ress has been made, but even now we
are not thoroughly awake. Through
various organizations much has been
done in the way of the preservation of
material OF historic value. but. never
theless, almost daily priceless docu-
ments and records are being destroyed.
making more difficult the task of re-
constructing true American history
It is A. Howard Clark speaking. The
greater part of his life-he is now
sixty-nve-has been devoted to the very
work of which he speaks. He is the
man through whom articulate the va
rious organizations which are seeking
TO preserve the sources of American
history. His ONCE in the original build
ing OF the Smithsonian Institution prac-
tically is the repository Of American
historical knowledge.
Here one goes for material to explode
so many OF the fctions which have in
numbered American history. Here one
may learn the facts which indicate that
the Betsy Ross flag story is myth,
that the Declaration of Independence
was not signed by members of the Con-
tinental Congress the Fourth Of July.
that the Stars and Stripes were not
rave In isolated instances. carried by
the American armies in the field in the
war of independence, that the Liberty
bell tradition is fanciful. Oh. it is a
delightful place for the iconoclast. Is
this ONCE; and yet the spirit of the
place is far from iconoclastic Rather
IL Is truly patriotic. uplifting and
deeply studious. For. avoiding all effort
10 destroy beautiful stories this is the
place where truth in its purity Is in
eistently demanded.
One comes from a talk with Mr.. Clark
with a new and broader vision of
American history in its relation to pa
triotism. for the lesson here learned Is
knowledge of the history of this re-
public and its institutions.
Among the organizations that are de-
voted to preserving American history
the Smithsonian Institution and sup
ported by the government; the Ameri-
can Historical Association. a semi
Official body OF historians which has a
connection with the Smithsonian In
stitution. and the National Society Of
the Sons of the American Revolution.
Since 1883. which year marked the
beginning of the historical collection
of the National Museum. Mr.. Clark
has been the curator of that collec-
tion and editor Of the publications Of
the Smithsonian.
For twenty -fve years he edited. in
addition, the publications of the Amer
lean Historical Association. of which
organization, from 1889 to 1908. he
was secretary and is still the curator.
For many years he has been secretary
general and registrar general of the
National Society Of the Sons of the
American Revolution. Could any man
be closer in touch with historical re-
search in America?
But in addition to all this, Mr.. Clark