davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pioneer press. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1882-19??, 1915-03-20
WRIT Of ERROR
IN WELLS CASE

The supreme court at Charleston
Tuesday granted a writ of error in
the case Of Judge Henry K. Black, of
the intermediate court of Kanawha
county, who was restrained from hear
ing the bribery cases against A. Leo
We'll by Circuit Court Judge Sam D.
Lttlepage.
After the court allowed the writ,
prosecuting Attorney Thomas G..
townsend, of Kanawha county, asked
the court to speed the hearing on the
writ but Ex-Congressman Joseph II.
Gaines, one Of Mr.. Wells counsel
asked that the case take its regular
course. Townsend then announced
that he would give notice that he
would ask the court on Tuesday next
to speed the case so that the briefs
might be filed and a hearing had at
this term Of court.
President Robinson Of the supreme
court, announced that unless the at
torneys for Mr. We'll waived notice.
notice would have to be served. This
means a delay OF one week. Mr.
Gaines said he would agree to have
the record made up and filed at once
but could not go further.
# the court agrees to speed the
hearing on tho wit - error arou-
ncuts WI rroJ4OIy vo maae in two
OF three weeks.
Pioneer press. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1882-19??, 1915-03-20

California has, in the face Of her re
cent San Francisco terrible disaster, a
bloody harvest TO reap and garner. Be
fore then. Knob hill, the elite locality,
was forbidden to the poor but it b. ca m
sll's canopy covered house Of pray er
and worship the Sunday following that
dreadful earthquake-dogs were well
coined thereon. 1t was the philosophy
of "ono touch of nature makes US all
akin" But O! how soon this "one-
touch" brotherly and eisterly affection
10 forgotten.
Soon after that the Japanese children
were denied admission into schools, and
now the authorities notify colored peo
pie not to como to the existing exposi-
sioD believing fair treatment will be
accorded them, for it will not. 1t may
be when foreign foe begina it's de-
structiou OF that seashore state. Negroes
will be urged to help. but if living we
shall certainly tell the old story. Rest
assured. IL God forewarned them years
ago by that earthquake. and they heed
ed not, doubtless worse destruction
may take place All things conside red
the Negroes are neither ashamed nor
afraid to stand boldly on their merits
against any race on earth. and if q
chance in life ia denied them, they will
make it.
Pioneer press. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1882-19??, 1915-03-20

would return from Parkersburg and
swear out warrants charging theft.
The incident leading to the arrest
occurred in the dining car. Governor
Hatfield forgot a book, and, missing
i few minutes later, returned to the
dlner. 1t had been picked up by the
men, and was turned over to it's own
er, but sharp interchange Of words
occurred as to the honesty Of their
Ttentions, which terminated in Gov
ernor Hatfield notifying the men they
were under arrest.
Pioneer press. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1882-19??, 1915-03-20

Why all this fuss and feathers about
the one half American who was killed
in Mexico? We Say one half Anne ,ica o
because he left bis homo to live and get
rich in Mexico. But some one ssys he
was killed under the stars aud stripes
Granted. Hssn + this been going on
right here at home for fifty years, and
has war boon declared? Right here in
tho United States a white woman 8
skirs has had more protection for an
American than hes our Dag. For Civ
ing q white lady his scat in q street car,
poor old Negro was bounced upon
and would have been killed, bad not
the lady thrown her skirts over him
and dsfled another blow to DO struck.
If killing Americana at home under the
Gag troubles not the White House occu.
pants and the nations rulers, why send
waHships abroad and declare war
whom only half American is killed
abroad2
Pioneer press. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1882-19??, 1915-03-20

As We see it, direct taxstion would
in the midst OF far better mt thods at
hand to raise taxes to run this state, be
q calamity. Indirect taxation on corp
orations and tho outputs OF our state
products. such as coal. oil, gas and so
forth. Is the proper thing to do. Every
foot OF gas, eyery gallon Of oil and ev-
cry ton of oo.s: should be taxed. from
the fact they all belong to the people
Of this state, and II other states that
lack and must have them. 10 not only
sse but speculate on let them pay and
pay we'll for them. II. however. they
refuse to pay = reasonable taxation for
the above natural and TO US the inval.
uable commodities, then let us keep
them for ourselves and pay decent
taxes
Pioneer press. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1882-19??, 1915-03-20

Back in the sos, at Chicago's Ma
tional Republican Convention, we
heard General Powell Clayton, of Ar
kapsas, tell the American people what
would follow the lynchiDg Of colored
people, and 1t has come true. He de.
clared that it would 60 on until the
whites would turn on the whites and
lynch them. They have done it, FIVE,
within the past Six weeks have been
lynched. Who is far seeing enough to
tell what will follow it. Will it be Os
lerism? Kill all who pass the age Of
sixty3 And would that lead to a
wholesale killing of all human beings
who have contagious diseases, as is
being done with all hogs, cattle, &C.,
suffering with an unnamed disease,
Pioneer press. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1882-19??, 1915-03-20
|NT0X|CANTS ON
PR|b|LOF ISLANDS
No Alcoholic Liquors Of Any Kind
Can be Landed on the
island

Under tho law charging the depart
ment OF commerce with the admin
1stretlon Of tho Pribilof Islands, Sec
rotary Redfield has just approved GER
tain regulations regarding the deliv-
cry and use OF intoxicating liquors
on these islands.
No alcohol OF alcoholic liquors of
any kind are to be landed on the
islands except by the authority OF
the secretary OF commerce or tho
commissioner OF fisheries and with
the knowledge OF all government sup
plies OF such articles and will be held
personally responsible for their prop.
or use. The making of "quass'' or
other alcoholic drinks by the natives
is prohibited.
The giving Of Intoxicating liquors
to the natives, except as medicine and
In religious ceremonies, Is positively
prohibited and the prescription OF al
Pioneer press. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1882-19??, 1915-03-20
because tho experts fail to know its

because the experts fail to know its
cause. When disease puzzles doctors
they work out the cause and properly
name 1t. II veterinary doctors can tell
the cause, let them stop trying to scare.
There is about as much sense In killing
sick animals with catching disease as
there would he in killing all OF the hu-
man family having catchable disease.
Keep the diseased stock from other
stock, use freely dlsinfectants and cure
them is the absolute duty of US all.
Pioneer press. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1882-19??, 1915-03-20

The lawyers Of New 1orr 40 well
to honor Elihu Root upon his retire
ment from government service. The
Is years he has devoted to it have
been marked by zeal, energy and ex-
ecutlye gift as we'll as acute intelli
gence. TO have been a great secre-
tary both Of war and Of state, and
then to have become 3t 65 a leader in
the senate is no slight career for an
American citizen.-New York World.
Pioneer press. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1882-19??, 1915-03-20
SATURDAY, MARCH 90, 1918.

Our Kearneysville lady. Mrs. McGru-
der, who has the alleged finest herd Of
milk COWS in this section of the State
has guaranteed her own farm aud do
ties any one to come on it. She is wise,
for the North American, reliable pa
per. tolls q story Of the government q
hoof and mouth disease experts convey
ing the disease to farmers stock in
West Virginia. The origin OF this
disease may have come from starving
and freezing herds in the cold West,
and crowding stock poorly cared for in
cars, whore 50 many suffer for water,
food, and not 2 few are trOd to death.
Pioneer press. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1882-19??, 1915-03-20

"Jitney Busses" were put on the
streets Of St. Louis, Mo-, In opposition
TO the street cars. Colored people were
dscla,ed objectio nable. and refused the
rig ht to ride In them. Some manly and
spirited Negroes sued them, and the
Judge gave them their choice, TO carry
colossd a. we'll 40 white or take their
automobiles OF the streets-fne Judge
10 he.
II some manly Ne9io will sue this
county's automobile company running
from Gerardstown TO Hedgesville, and
will not allow colorsd persons TO ride
IN them, we believe Judge Woods will
not hesitate to do the same 10 keeping
with Saint Louis e fair minded Judge.
Pioneer press. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1882-19??, 1915-03-20
THE GOVERNOR HAS
TWO MEN ARRESTED
Hatfield Charges Them With Theft
and Has Them Taken
From Train.

When the afternoon Kanawha ana
Michigan train arrived at Point Pleas
ant, W. Va, Sunday Governor Henry
d. Hatfield turned William l.. Abb
bott. Jr., Of Pittsburgh, and George
Rousch, Of Chicago, over to local
oiiieeTa, asking that they be locked
up until Monday, when he said he
Pioneer press. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1882-19??, 1915-03-20

polpits no war is made on them, but by
the Pioneer Press. How in the name of
common decency can colored people
rear their children here decently when
the whites Of this town have driven
these foul parties from their 81 ctiop 3
and allow them to carry on their dew
ilish work in the heart Of the section
where coloret people live?
Pioneer press. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1882-19??, 1915-03-20
MEXICO.
New York World

\NeW YORK WOrlu.)
We have no doubt. that the situa
tion In Mexico Is very serious. We
have no doubt, either, that the situa-
tion In Belgium is very serious, and
in Poland and in East Prussia and
In Northeastern France and in Pales.
tine.
In the field Of active warfare the
situation Is always serious, whether
the war be civil or international.
Non-combatants and foreigners who
find themselves trapped between the
20 suffer, whether IN Mexico o. il.
Europe or In Asia.
The Mexican war problem is much
less burdensome to the United States
than the European war problem The
European war has cost us dollars
where the Mexican war has cost US
cents. II Mexico were as strong in
military resources as Germany, there
would be no sentiment in favor Of
American Intervention. Even the
most enthusiastic lingo would be con-
tent to let the warning factions de-
termine the fate Of their unhappy
country. 1t is because Mexico is
weak that we are supposed to have
great moral duty to establish law
and order south Of the Rio Grande
Only very strong nations have a right
to NEEDLE with the peace of the world,
and TO spread death and famine and
pillage and disaster.
Two courses are open to the Unit
ed States, and only two courses have
been open to the United States since
the day OF Madero's assassination
One Is to send an army into Mexico
and conquer the inhabitants. The
other Is to keep our hands off, refuse
to recognize any OF the factions and
let Mexico fight it out. There are dis
| advantages In this course, but to
| send an army into Mexico undoubt-
edly means the permanent occupa-
ton OF the country. 1t means the ex-
penditure OF hundreds OF millions Of
dollars in suppressing guerilla war
rare directed against our troops. It
| means new race problems, and @ leg
| acy Of Latin-American hatred which
| we shall never lose.
To let Mexico alone requires much
| self-control and considerable annoy
| ance, but 1t is much wiser to keep
out Of trouble than to get into trouble:
President Wilson has made every
effort short OF war to end the deplor-
| able conditions in Mexico, and he has
| even made war in a way. Thus Ear
| all his hopes have been frustrated by
the folly Of Mexicans. The President
| would undoubtedly be more popular
at home If he had been less patient.
President Mckinley was abused like
pickpocket because he sought to
avoid war with Spain, be recovered
his popularity only after war became
inevitable. 1t is as easy to criticise
| Mr.. Wilson's temporizing policy as it
| was to criticise Mr.. McKinley's tenn.
| poriz1ng policy, but one thing ought
to be plain TO every sensible citizen.
| Intervention in Mexico would be a
calamity to the United States, and is
| not to be undertaken except as a last
/ desperate resort. Bad as the situa-
! ton may be, we have not yet reach
ed that stage.
Pioneer press. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1882-19??, 1915-03-20
THE RULE--OR-RUIN CITIZEN.

:
THE RULE-OR-- RUIN CITIZEN.
There is in every city and town who puts self
above everybody else He thinks himself him
bors under his feet and trampes them seed
OF women shall bruse the serpents head This
ate believes ali that ne should
De crowned kings happens
S acquired niue money egltlm&tely legitnlatey ard
Il" "eaj>h rcspsctGd ,yo4e MS
I.u,,
could began life or ruin everybody
everything tie was successful and soon became
power IN the ralo He opportunity
'lo OF the Lake Erie at the opportune
10" with telling effect the stockholders were
lIlgotten gains failed
~ ont hn lie sickened and died. and of his family only
scarcely known The sins the visited up
IN the choren and the two who prominent rail-
Dad crces being eliminated rapidly Rockefeller and
ner Wall Street men negotiate their plans.
This arrogant and selfmposed leader things always
appears the street akatve mood telling his business to
friends down his private family dongs nparing
20 them wna he knows of his neighbours affairs. great
delight picking the flaws spreading them
broadcast hoping they will work injury Jay Gould did the same
thing, and he died unrepentant
1t always affords this self-poan man pleasure to speak
dsparagngy of his neghbors with hope they will be injured
oy visitation OF Ill luck He reoces in their
laughs when fate treats them with When they pros
per he complains and them wrong doing He lies
awake endeavorng plan whereby he can
cause them trouble and check their progress entertaining the
nope that few patry dollars will find their way Golfers
Ills only aim in life those prosper because ne
fort
For season this man Prosperity,
lew friends he of
uesplcable deeds ana men.
that long he purpose
seeking their destruction This arrogant uneducated wouldbe
important individual who cherished thought had rs
en- to great falls the
c or pershes as the dew before the morning
fallen his forgotten memory
not cherished his good deeds are
none to lay flower, in loving remembrance grave
This had forgotten to lay up thieves
cannot break in and stea but had thought with
rich man, who called fool, took up his abode
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-09
The Apple

The early planting of apples was,
according to j. H. Hale, for drink and
not for food, but today the apple Is
grown principally for It's food value.
The American people are fast coming
to appreciate its value for food. and
today fifty times more fruit Is being
consumed than In former years. n
market today Is demanding the high
est quality Of fruit, and Is willing to
pay a premium for choice goods.
Size, uniformity and color are three
essential requisites in high quality of
fruit. Mr.. Hale does not think that
the old orchards found upon the farms
today can from any method OF pruning
or tillage be made to produce a high
quality Of fruit. The tree must be
trained for its special purpose In or
der to get best results. II think" said
Mr.. Hale, "a far larger portion Of old
orchards could be made to produce
far better fruit were they given proper
care and cultivation. Low down trees
are very desirable: with them expense
Is reduced and cultivation car be bet
ter conducted. In selecting a site for
a fruit orchard, select rolling land. and
not low, cold soil. Tillage should ever
be the watchword of the ~orchardist.
Begin as early In the spring as possible.
and continue for at least three months.
Have the ground covered with some
thing at harvesting time. A good
cover crop Is clover, out anything will
dc providing it furnishes a covering
to the SOIL"
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-09

On red clover, the youngest leaves
and stems are the first to be attacked,
and these wither and die II many
aphids are present. Wilted leaves
mark the spread Of the pest over the
plant. Red clover, however, can stand
a good deal Of this injury, and II a
heavy rain happens to occur when the
plant Is covered with the lice, they
are washed off, and the field is safe
for the rest of the season. There are
also numerous insect enemies and a
dungeons disease which kill off I'M
mense numbers Of the lice. At times
a combination of circumstances occurs,
under which the plant is killed. root
and all. The natural checks upon the
increase of the aphids may be INSULT
cient; but dry weather seems to be the
most important factor. Without rain
the plant cannot replace the sap taken
by the aphids, let alone make n
growth. In dry weather the fungus
can not develop, and in the absence
of heavy rains to wash them Off the
plants, the aphids thrive.
The most important enemy Of this
louise is a common dungeons, Empusa
aphidis. 1t is widespread in the
United States and Canada, and affects
a great variety of aphids. 1t does not
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-09

entrusted to boys or persons un-
familiar with the native species, as
otherwise valuable birds may be de-
stroyed under the belief that they are
English sparrows. Occasionally they
build large covered nests in trees. but
as a rule they build open nests in
bird houses, electric-light hoods, cor
nices, waterspouts. and similar places.
; While 1t is often difficult to reach
nests by hand, they can usually be
torn down by lean of a long pole
having an iron hook at the tip. BY
concerted and continuous efforts to
destroy every nest after the eggs are
laid, the numbers of English sparrows
in any locality may be rapidly reduced.
The sparrow's habit of nesting in
cavities a be turned to account
against 1t. BY providing one-room
bird houses, or even packing boxes
or tin cans, and putting them in trees
or on poles or buildings at a height Of
about ten feet, the birds may be cap
tured after dark with a long-handled
net. The net should have a deep bag
and a small hoop. After the net has
been quietly placed over the entrance,
a few raps on the box will send the
occupants into 1t. BY distributing a
number of nest boxes about orchards,
shade trees, and out buildings, and
catching the sparrows that occupy
them. the work OF determination may
be carried on at a season when other
methods r least effective.
Neither law nor public sentiment
will allow the use Of firearms or the
unrestricted use OF poison in the ex-
termination Of sparrows. The use of
traps, therefore, Is strongly recon-
mended. Besides being safe to en-
ploy, properly designed traps have
other advantages. The fact that
native birds when caught in sparrow
traps, can be liberated unframed, is
particularly important in suburban
localities.
Sparrow traps may be classified, ac-
cording to their nature, as nest-box
traps and bait traps. Inasmuch as
sparrows usually feed In flocks, but
approach nest boxes only singly or in
pairs, the annual catch Of a bait trap
will exceed that Of a nest-box trap
son., however, nest-box traps are de-
cidedly useful.
A nest-box trap, al its name implies,
looks like an ordinary nest box. The
weight Of a bird entering such a trap
puts into operation q mechanism which
catches the bird and sets the trap for
another. There are a number Of de-
vices to accomplish this In design
ing a nest-box trap one should bear In
mind that English sparrows, like
other birds. dislike drafty quarters.
and that 4 mechanism delicate
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-09
y N. DEARBORN

files buildings and ornamental trees,
shrubs, and vines with it's excrement
and with its bulky nests. The evidence
against the English sparrow is, on the
whole, overwhelming, and the present
u~nfriendly attitude of the public to-
wards 1t Is reflected in our state laws.
Nowhere is it included among pro-
tected birds.
One Of the greatest objections to
the English sparrow is its aggressive
antagonism toward the small native
birds, especially those familiar species
which, like itself, build their nests in
cavities. Nest boxes provided for
~bluebirds, martins, or wrens-birds
both useful and pleasing-too often
fall into the possession of this grace
less alien. either by the right of dis
covery or by piratical assault For
tunately 1t is possible to aid the native
birds by selecting suitable nest boxes.
Thus, a box having an entrance 1 inch
in diameter will admit house wrens,
but not sparrows. Boxes for larger
birds may be constructed so hat un-
welcome tenants can be easily evicted
and at the same time acceptable to
more desirable species. When a spar
row has had it's nest and eggs re-
moved from a box, it not only as a
rule seeks another place for its next
nest. but is likely to avoid that type
of nest box in future.
When a place has once been cleared
of sparrows some time elapses before
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-09
The Farm Help Problem

The requirements. of the farm in the
character Of the labor employed are
changing radically The labor to he
performed by the farmer should be
governed by extensive information and
considerable scientific knowledge. A
successful farmer at the present time
may need considerable knowledge of
chemistry, Of bacteriology. Of economic
entomology. Of the pathology and
physiology Of plants and animals: Of
plant and animal breeding, Of fungi
cides and insecticides, Of the conser-
vation Of soil moisture; of botany,
pomology, viticulture, horticulture,
and certainly much concerning the
practical handling and marketing Of
his products. The hired laborer does
not need to know so much, and yet
he should be at least moderately In
telligent and we'll informed. With re-
gard to the future, the forecast is that
farm labor will not be recruited in
appreciable degree from the city. The
farmer would not need to get his
labor from the cities II he could hold
the country population to the soil, INC
the recognition Of the importance Of
retaining the children on the farm
and of keeping country labor from
migrating to cities Is governing most
of the work by Nation and State in
behalf Of agriculture. In addition to
efforts to promote economic improve
ment, many agencies are at work upon
the country people to improve their
dwellings, their modes of living, their
home life, and their social activities,
which are already beginning to count
against the un~pleasantness Of country
life and in favor Of making it at
tractive.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-09
By d. E. LANTZ

$4,000 acres and entailing a loss estl-
mated at fully $25O,0OO.
When present even IN ORDINARY
numbers me a ow mice Clause
serious injury to orchards and nur-
series. Their attacks on trees are
often made In winter under cover OF
snow, but they may occur at any sea-
son under shelter Of growing vegeta-
ton or dry litter. The animals have
been known almost totally to destroy
large nurseries of young apple trees.
Older orchard trees are sometimes
killed by mice. In Kansas the writer
saw hundreds of apple trees. 8 to IL
years planted, and 4 to 8 inches IN
diameter, completely girdled by these
pests. The list of cultivated trees and
shrubs injured by these animals in
cludes nearly all those grown by the
horticulturist. The Biological Survey
has received complaints of h destruc-
ton Of apple, pear, peach, plum,
ounce, cherry, and crabapple trees,
of blackberry, raspberry, rose, cur
rant, and barberry bushes, and OF
grape vines; also Of the injury OF
sugar maple, black locust, Usage
orange sassafras, pine. alder, white
ash, mountain ash, oak. cottonwood.
willow, wild cherry, and other forest
trees
The injury to trees and hrubs con-
sists in the destruction of the bark
just at the surface Of h ground and
in some instances for several inches
above or below. When the girdling Is