davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-05-29
EIattened EInv.er.

Flowers that look as if they had
been pressed as we used to press
flowers and leaves when we were
children trim al the newest hats
They are placed between layers OF
chiffon OF crepe which form the
brims Of hats, or are applied fat
against the sides Of the crown. bat
wherever they are found they are
most effective. In all the pastel
shades are they TO be had
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-05-29
CHANGES WROUGHT BY WAR
All Rules of Grammar Have Been
Modified by. the Contest of
European Powers.

Language. like most everything
else, is unable to escape from being
conditioned and modified by war.
Half our best metaphors are taken
from war as il used to be, and We
still talk OF nations taking the
sword though that Is just what they
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-05-29

most the last. OF good millinery and.
good dressing at the present tine.
Time rather than money IS the i'm
portant factor for success. and II only
anxiety did not rob women OF their
beauty. women might claim TO b
looking their best under the restraint
they are putting On their love OF IUx-
uy-
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-05-29

this connection is the way in which
We have been driven back upon the
old verb flee" Before the era OF
the Zeppelin and the aeropIane we
should certainly have said The Ger
man feet flies before the British; q"
now we say It 'hees," because Fly
ing" seems to connect motion above
the surface Of the earth. There are
q hundred subtle differences Of this
sort to which war has impeled Us,
and from which the most pe5antsc
purist Is totally unable to escaps-
LondcE Globe.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-05-29

The reason why q girl gets mad
when fellow she likes kisses her II
because she would get twice IS mad =
he d5d1't Kiss he.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-05-29

Probably the most important WON
ans club is the rolling pin.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-05-29

Early Day Marshal DIes-Jerry WI
Hams, city marshal at SaIfza In pio-
neer days. is dead there. He had been
parasyzed and helpless for seven
years. He figured Ia the capture Of
uanY early day sespsEadosa.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-05-29

Kicked BY Horse; Nay Die.-Jacob
Ernest, a farmer living northwest Of
Atehison, was probably fatally injured
when kicked in the stomach BY
horse. He was taken to the Atchison
hospital and underwent a surgical
operation, but is In a critical eondi-
ton
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-05-29

HE survivors from a great
ira g dy are always
looked upon with inter
est, especially when
years have passed since
the event. This dispo-
sition of the public will
explain a part of the at
tention which will be
given to the Grand Army
on Memorial dav The
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-05-29

May Take Him Out of Wharf.-The
state department in Washington is at
tempting to obtain the discharge from
the British army Of William Chilcutt
of lola. ChiIcutt, who IS only II
years old, went to France with a snip
ment OF horses several months ago.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-05-29

Shot From Anhush.-An assassin.
shooting from ambush, killed HenrF
Payne, 4 tenant farmer and father q
ten children. near De Sots recently
The murder vas act diEeeFzs uatn
the next Uorning.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-05-29

Killed Beneath Road RoIIer.-Halto
Oaks, 8 years old, was crushed to
death at Wichita when he fell beneath
a concrete road roIlar The roller was
being towed behind a motor car and
the boy attempted to get on the
tongue
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-05-29

Tooth Causes Mans Death.-W. W
BOnar, auditor for tn Kansas CITY
Western Railway Company, and &
member of the Order of the Mystic
Shrine in Kansas. is dead at Leaven
worth from the effects OF a trivial en-
inside his left cheek, caused by {
sharp tooth. He was SO years old
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26
NOTES OF LABOR.

Workmen's cooperative banks. oper-
ated by workmen. for the benefit Of
workmen only and to MD honest ven
lures Of workmen. are In prospect.
New Jersey accident board must de-
eide q unique case A Newark work
man killed at Ndtick. Mass, has chill
dren living in Italy. The liability com
pany claims children living abroad are
not dependents.
The mayor Of st. Louis has signed
the union wage scale ordinance recent
~ passed by both branches Of the mu-
nicipal assembly. The act provides
that all city employees shall be paid
the prevailing union wage rate.
That the present movement for the
uplift of the toiling masses originated
with Dickens is the belief Of a promi-
nent professor.
The Cuyahoga county lO) carpen-
ters' district council is fostering q
movement to urge congress to take a
stand against allowing the United
States to declare war at any time with
out flrst conducting = referendum vote
Of the psopls On tAs adyisability Of
such q MOVE.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26
III, tfevs4en. at.ta

There are several theories a. to bow
Pennsylvania came to be called the
Keystone State. The one most general
" accepted and the Que most dear to
all who own Pennsylvania M their ma.
tive state. IL that Pennsylvania decided
the great issue Of American independ-
ence.
At the meeting of the Continental
congress In Philadelphia July 4. 1776.
the vote adopting the Declaration was
taken by states. OF the thirteen orig
inaI states six had already voted In
the affirmative and six In the negative.
when the delegation from P%ennsylva-
MIA came in. John. Morton casting the
deciding vote In the affirmative. Thus
Pennsylvania. BY her vote. decided and
was named the Keystone State.
Another reason advanced 10 that IN
constructing a bridge between Penn
sylvania avenue and Georgetown.
Washington. q single arch was erected
Of stone left from building the walls Of
the capitol. On the thirteen 'vous-
soirs" or arch stones. the names OF the
thirteen states were engraved. Penn
sylvania. falling In the keystone Of the
arch. became still more widely known
as the Keystone State Philadelphia
Press. 3.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26

gAASN4 al On&6O6N IfEAxkN 6ABCl NlS
POWER 10 STREET RAILWAYS.
overhead distribution system. Is other.
wise preferable. due to the many ad-
vantages 1t possesses.
lD developing u comprehensive traffic
system thorough study Of the Cow Of
traffic should be made and its probable
increase taken into cc0un Where
the traffic Is henvy or likely to grow
to large proportions. especially where
the haul IL long and heavy, the ques-
ton of subways and elevated roads
should be considered. eve though the
necessity is not imperative. ae such
rapid and convenient. means of transit
to outlying districts will have the eft.
felt OF developing such sections and
OF causing the city to expand much
more rapidly than would otherwise be
the case. The same Is also true to
only a less degree in the case of subur.
ban trolley lines.
In the development Of a traction sys.
TEN much depends on the comfort and
convenience Of the travelling public.
The equipment should be up to date
and attractive in every respect. Cars
should he. Of appropriate design and
Of neat appearance. Means Ut access
should be easy. the seats should be
comfortably designed and preferably
crosswise In the cur. as the public is
paying for q seat and should have a
seat and nj Il crowded bit VI Il side
bench or q strap to hang OH by.
Abroad 1t Is customary for cOmpa-
MES calling for bids on electric true.
ton systems to receive not only specl
ticati0ns at cars, but also detailed de-
signs. showing color schemes and In
terror decorations. The companies are
thus In position ~ select the m0st
pleasing and effective designs Of cars
instead Of taking whatever car manu-
facturers mag he pleased to turn Out
In handling traffic the convenience
ana interest ut the public al we'll as
Ut the operators in hest served by hav.
ting Il uniform fare rate instead vi Il
variable scale ut fares and ny the is.
unnce Of 't~ransfers at all tntersec-
tiOns. Such transfers should ne issued
ut the time demanded ny the passen-
ger. though preferably when entering
the car II the tngress of passengers Is
NOT thereby tnterfered With. II de-.
mandei nn ieavtng the car traffic is
likely 10 ne delayed.
AbrOad passengers are seldom A.
lowed to stnnd tn cara. and operators
are obliged to supply sufficient cars
~ that there will be seats for IN. On
paying his fare the passenger gets q
ticket with the destination punched.
similar 10 0nr system Of railroad ock.
en-. and this. ticket IN many casss %.
titles The rAsaeaesn 10 reach ~ d.
tipatioa aver any ttnes thst hesfvsaA.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26
fEED The COLTS A
LIBERAL RATION
s ~ II. KnMU ~ W uV

The high cost Of keeping horses Is
often a temptation to feed colts espe-
cially in a very poor and cheap manner
during the winter. says the Kansas
Farmer. In this effort to cheaper the
cost Of keeping horses and colts some
farmers try to carry the young colts
Though the winter on straw. corn fod-
der and other low grade feeds Of this
character. This is a penny wise and
pound foolish" policy. Young colts fed
in this way are stunted at the most
important point Of life. They never
overcome the results of this period Of
hardship, and when ready for market
they sell for from $25 to SIS less than
colts with no better breeding but which
have received TN abundance Of grow.
ing feed during the first three years Of
their lives.
The market continues to demand big
horses Of proper type and conforma'
ton. and the only way to produce them
is to supply an abundance of feed dur.
ing the critical period of the colts life.
With the same thought Of cheapening
the cost Of keeping horses there Is a
temptation. when the working a
is over. which usually finds the horses
thin in flesh. to turn them out on poor
fall pastures. With this treatment
working horses may so into the winter
even thinner In flesh than when the
season Of hard work ended. The saw.
ing of feed and expense at this period
Of the year must be paid back during
the spring season with interest The
work horse should be SO fed and han.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26

r OF POVERTY.

We cannot by any public or
private charity possibly carry
the load which we are building
up by our industrial system. The
state will pay at compound in
terest and at pawnbrokers' rates
the continued increase in the cost
Of maintaining the dependent
unless there is some legislative
action. on the minimum wage.
It is one Of the curses Of the
poor that they have to buy cheap
food, and this applies as we'll to.
merchandise. People don't take
care Of things that are not val
liable. The advance in efficiency
through higher wage would be
tremendous. both on the side of.
the employer as well as the en-
ployee. The objection Of manu-
%facturers and employers to the
minimum wage Is largely senti-
mental. Trade unions oppose
the law because. they. fear the
legislation would seriously curb
the power and influence Of their -.
organizations. - Louis D. Bran
deis.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26
SYSTEM N CITY IT BUILDING.
Same Principles Apply Al Ia CONNER
ojal Development.

Same Principles Apply ~ In cemmer'
seial Dsvslopment.
An important session Of the conven-
ton Of the American Civic association
was recently held Mt Washington and
was devoted to city planning. with
John Nolen Of Cambridge. Mass. vice
president Of the association. presiding.
In introducing the subject be said:
1.-The subject allotted for this session
Is City Planning which needs fn this
association very little explanation be.
cause it strikes at the root Of 10 many
Of our civic problems. Z think that 1t
Is true that all successful enterprises
Of magnitude have been planned en-.
terprises. They have not come about
BY chance In city planning we rec.
ognize that millions of dollars In mon
ey and many things more precious
than money have been wasted because
Of a lack Of plan. Our streets. our
parks. our recreation spaces. our
houses and homes give ample evidence
Of all this The frst step, 1t would
seem. toward the solution Of our social
and Industrial problems IL q compre.
hensive plan. We need transportation
plans to solve our transportation prob
lens; We need a zone plan to district
our cities. to give stability to land val.
ues aud to protect districts: we need
an industrial district In order to give
efficiency. to industry. and we need a
plan for bones for the workers be
cause without 4 plan there Is not the
slightest prospect that they will be-
properly housed. Commercial eaicien-
cy rests upon rapid and cheap trans
p~ortation Of merchandise. upon the
proper losation Of wnter and rail ter
mtnals and facilities. upon distributing
routes and upon contented people in.
good homes With Fairgrounds"
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26
LABOR BRIEFS.

The immigration bill as par
congress was favored BY organl;
Dor.
A number Of mines in the eaS
coal field have been opened
open shop basis. but repoftsa
officers Of the United Mine
declared that comparatively "a
went to work. ss
Illness among workers inyG&
annual loss Of $75O.O0O,OOO int
cd States. sss s
The total amount paid TO int
ployees In the state Of TGe6s
tho last fiscal year was @256yo
Neariy every Legislature ins
"a STATS q facing this w1ntse
lem Of inpeoving IL hbee
outiook q hepelu - maaya
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26
CITY ELECTRIC
STREET RAILWAYS
Equipment Depends on Cond|-
tIon to Be- Met
The COURSE Of TRAFFIC,
In Developing . Comprehensive Traffic
System Thorough Study Of the Flow
Of Traffic Should Be Made and It's
Probable inersass Taken into A..

In. the operation OF a street railway
system the equipment will depend. as
in the case of the power house, upon
the conditions to be met
If the system b h local one direct
current at COO volts should be adopt
ed, but II the tines run into distant
suburbs. the. best. current to adopt. Is
the single phase. and the voltage may
run to 1000 Or 5000. thus reducing
line loss. -.
The equipment Of the cars should be
such as to run on either the coo volts
direct current In the city or ON the
single phase. high voltage current In
the suburbs, thus passing to and from
the city without interruption.
The s%ubstations for stepping down
the high voltage current should be well
situated along the line to obtain the
most economical power distribution.
They are preferably located around the
outskirts OF the city IN the various
lines, so that high voltage current will
not be brought into the city. The dis.
tribution system in the city itself
should be underground. a method
which. though more expensive than the
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26
lmpaotion Of shssp.

Sheep must have a laxative or sue
culent feed to regulate the bowels In
winter. Keep them U Of the stalk
field and OF frozen meadow aud feed
clover or alfalfa hay. u mixture Of
whole oats. wheat bran and oilmeal.
and. II possible. give them roots or si.
lage twice daily. Two pounds Of either
roots or silage for, each sheep will
suface. For bloat give q pint Of new
warm milk from a COW and repeat in
half hour II necessary. Make tha sheep
take plenty Of exercise every day and
keep them dry.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26
Road Fight. Law.

The Burlington road objects {
safety appliance act applying I
switching trains in yards and = !
ing In the United States supreme
payment of q $500 fine. The con
claims the law was only intend
apply to through trains and til
use on switching trains hampers
portation.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26

died that it will go into the winter In q
reasonably t]eshy condition. Whenever
alfalfa is grown the pasturing of the
work horses on the alfalfa meadows
during the fail and early winter sea
son puts them in most excellent condi
ton for the winter. Where horses 60
into the winter in good condition It Is
much easier to keep them thrifty. and
as spring approaches 1t will cost less to
harden them and prepare them for the
work Of the spring and summer season
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26
LIVE STOCK NOTES.

=. a8a 4. 4.
The merciful1 man. u merciful
to his beast" This implies warm.
dry aud well ventilated quarters.
The demand for wool Is In
sistent. and yet the decline in
the number Of sheep continues.
II We want fabrics to b AL
WOOL" somebody must supply
the sheep:
Don't wonder why the little
porkers grow 50 slowly II they
are in with old fellows. The hog
Is a hog every time when 1t
comes to eating.
Keep step with q horse when
leading him-his left and your
left moving together. He can't
step on you then. :.
A mixture of oats. wheat bran
and linseed meal. scattered In q
broad bottomed trough. should
!, be fed to the sheep.
Good even stable floors In the
horse barn are a necessity for
sound feet. and legs.
R.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26
/ Two Littsrs . Year.

Sows can be made to produce two
htters q year. When this Is desired
they should be bred at the first period
Of heat after. the pigs are weaned,
Sows bred twice year will not pro
duce 90 many pigs in each litter a.
when bred only once q year. but more
pigs should be raised lin a,yeare from
each s0N. III q I ~ 15 .s
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26
Chimes. Language.

Where the Chinese language. writ.
ten Or spoken. came from nobody
Knows any more than they know
where the original Chinese themselves
came from. But II tx probable that the
primary Chinese characters existed
6.UO years ago pretty much as they do
today.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26
OWNERSHIP OF MINES.

Relations Of Employer and Worker
Grosssst Kind Of Fsudalism.
Congressman David j. Lewis of
Maryland in a statement. before the
federal commission. on industrial rela-
lions said::
"A man can no longer own q coal
mine as she owns his house and gar
den. Suppose a friend and were to
find 10000 acres of coal lands in West
Virginia. We ought to exploit the
mines for the good Of society. We
must take the miners out there and
build them houses. This gives us the
relation of landlord and tenant us we'll
as employer and employee. Then we
may have to start commissary stores.
This gives us q third relation. And
then we may have to supply the doc
tor and perhaps even the saloon for
our miners. -.@
$50 If mine employees have trouble
with their employer the result to them
is disastrous. 1t affects all their rela-
lions to life at once except toward
their wives and children. Not only
their work. but their homes and their
stores are gone. and it Is inevitable
that when the employer tells the men
to get out there should be trouble.
1.-The employer Is not wholly to
blame, for society has told him that
the mine is his. just as his garden and
cottage are his. But his relations with
his employees are impossible in this
country. They are a feudalism grosser
than English history has v e shown.
II all the country was in the same
state we should either cease to have
private property or the republic itself
would perish"
Mr.. Lewis spoke Of the difficulty con-
gress had in proposing arbitration for
the Colorado trouble, because the coal
owners argued that there was nothing
to arbitrate. as they had the undeni-
able right to do what they pleased
with their w property.
I'VE must either modify this theory
to meet conditions" he said. "0r SO.
cialize the property itself. presume
Iu6 COuully 10 uVk AC0uy Iva 'GAAS 0SS-
ond alternative, and it might be worth
while asking whether the public utili-
ties commission might not be called
upon to determine the facts in labor
controversies. SO that the voice Of So
ciety as usual might speak. to: settle
the controversy"
Congressman Lewis made a strong
appeal to the commission on the ad-
visibility Of the federal government
taking over the telegraph and tele-
phone services. He argued that 1t
confd carry them on much more cheap
ly than the private concerns and quot.
ed the success Of the parcel post com.
pared with the express companies.
Absentee Ownership.
Roger w. Babson. statistician and
economist, in a recent statement said:
1.-The greatest handicap labor and cap
ital have TO-DAY is absentee ownership.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26
Lubbock and the Bees.

In ANTS. Bees and Wasps" 1t u re
lated that one summer some nfty years
ago Sir John Lubbock became inter.
ested in a curious parasite Of the bum
bletpe. He wished to complete bis In
vt%stigations. but as the winter came on
did not know where to get the bees.
30 be advertised.
In reply to nis advertisement a man
wrot offering him a supply OF bees at
one and six apiece. The price was
high, but in the cause OF science Lub-
book did not demur. only when he had
bought all the bees he required he
wrote to the man and said. NOW that
I have bad the bees, for which ! am
greatly obliged. would you kindly tell
me. to satisfy my curiosity. how you
are able to procure them at this time
Of year?" The man wrote back quite
conrteOusly, but quite firmly. saying:
mo. Since I can sell the bees at eight
eenpence each. | think it pays me bet.
ter to 60 On doing SO than to tell any
body else how to procure them"
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26
a csot,s Reminder.

A Gentle Reminder.
He-aave you decided what goo viii!
wear ut the next german: She-That
depends sOlnewnat' ON the flowers that
are sent me. nave q perfectly deat
gown rhat. with 4 dozen jack roses,
would ne lust too sweet for anything.
Richmond Times Dispatch.
What We Remember.
The Will governs the memory. We
forget what does not concern 10; We
remember what b Of lasting impor-
tancs b the wtlL-Friedrsch PaulDeo In
'intrOductjon 70 '~Phuos0phy."
Euaui psshaps eas made 0oce ean-
blees than avasSea. Deeo dsuaeaSdD
shas thtsse an pse1aps % 0any 81.
rs6so O 0osQak
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26
Our Postal ssrvies.

The beginning of the postal service
IN what ts DOW the United States dates
from 1889. when a house In Boston
was employed for the receipt Of letters
for and from the old world. In 1872
the government Of New York colony
established a post t go monthly from
New York to Boston. A general post
Office was established In Virginia In
1892 and In Philadelphia In 1893. In
1850. when the federal government
went into operation. the number Of
offices IN the thirteen states was only
about seventy.6ve.-New York Amer
lean
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1915-02-26
The Admirable Towser.

i've gOi the most wonderful dog In
the world THE >inaripSt. ! ~ said
one Ut u party camping IT. Cana'ia last
tan. when ! nrin. out ms rifle be
Knows TN going after deer. and he
new Offers to OiIuw me. but II be
sees me reach for my shotgun he
NOW that means partrtdges. and
when ! get to the woods I ind him
there waiting for me. Actually that
dog knows the difference between a
df1e and u shotgun"
THAT'S nothing said another of the
party from his place at the other side
of the fire. You fellows have seen
i1y little 1Uwser. haven'teyou7 Well.
when begin to get out my 6shing
Kit TOwset runs up behind the barn
and begins digging worms. Saturday
evening Post