davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Detroit times., 1915-01-21
OCLE REFUSES
TO PLEAD; BAIL
AT $4,000
Young Swindler Gigs Back on
Statement That He'd Admit
Guilt
MUM UNTIL HE SEES
ATTORNEY, HE DECLARES
Airily Says He'll Soon Be Out
of Jail and Settle the
Case

John Paul Ogle, alias M NJ More
land" refused 10 plead when ar
raigned before Justice Jeffries, Wed.
nesday afternoon, on the charge of
uttering and publishing forged order
for $4,000, on the American Express
Co.
Ogle, the young swindler who was
brought back from Jacksonville, Fla
Tuesday morning, had declared that
he would plead guilty when ar;
raigned; would repeat his plea in the
higher court, and wanted TO have the
case over with, When arraigned
however, and asked to plead, he said
!"I haven't anything TO say until see
Attorney James Murtha have sent
for him
Justice Jeffries adjourned the case
until Jan. 20, and fixed bail at $l0,-
900, with two sureties.
Ten thousand?" said Ogle. before
being taken to jail why ! can raise
hundred thousand just as soon as
they'll let me get TO a telephone. I'll
be out on bail right away, and I'll
have dinner party for my friends,
tonight"
The young man views his predica-
ment not at all seriously.
Did you hear what the judge said?'
he asked "He said, This case will
probably never be tried Didn't you
hear him say that? No9 Well, he
said It,"
Asked II he had heard anything
from his father. former circuit
Judge. and prominent citizen OF Wa
terloo, Ia, Ogle said, Il haven't even
wired to him, yet"
Asked why he didn't plead guilty,
as he said he was going to. Ogle said
II would have pleaded guilty If the
police had kept their promise to me.
They told me they were going to-
have the county attorney see me right
away, and nix everything right up |
put on my hat and coat and waited for
three hours with my coat on. In my
cell, and he never showed up"
Mr.. Ogle is peeved at the police for
not letting him out to see some friends
who would settle the whole business
up in few minutes
He says that he will probably plead
guilty, later. and then repeat the
plea In the recorders court, and
somebody will pay back the money,
and that will wind the whole business
up very satisfactorily.
Ogle was nervous and rather irrit-
able. Wednesday morning. He was
pale. and looked as though he hadn't
slept well
Tuesday. he was as firm as rock.
his hands steady. his color good, and
his air smiling, care-free one
But "a hours confinement, changed
that considerably.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-21
BABES CONFESS TO
CLEVER ROBBERIES
Ithaca, Mich, Brothers, Aged
Respectively 10 and Z Years,
Held

ITHACA, Mich. Jan. 90 (SpeciaD
-Cassisus Russling, aged TO- and his
brother. Donald. seven, have confess
ed to about 80 petty thefts. which have
baffed the authorities of Gratiot coun.
ty for the last two years Their ar.
rest followed the robbery OF the cash
register OF an Ithaca merchant, from
which $50 was taken The boys total
stealings will amount TO about $500, II
is alleged
An older brother is i'm the state in.
dustrial school The boys, il is al
legged. would take merchandise from
stores and after few days bring n
back and demand the money value.
saying they had purchased the goods
for their mother.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-21
POVERTY'S PINCH
HITS FATHERS
in TENDER SPOT
Two Tell Commerce Board They
Can't Provide Children With
School Clothes
ONE READY TO GRADUATE
BUT CAN'T GET GOWN
Other Tales of Want UnfOlded
BY Men Who Are Eager
For Work

Here's story OF two fathers, not
seekers OF charity or sympathy, whose
lridc in their children is one of the
reasons why they came to the Detroit
Beard of Commerce, Tuesday after
noon. in quest of employment.
Cne OF these will go down in The
Times list OF unemployed as No. l31.
He IL shoemaker, who was laid of
six months ago. His savings have
been spent for rent and food, and he
has gone in debt at the grocery store.
he told this TO Board OF Commerce
interviewer without hesitation, but IL
was plain that there was something
else-some family affair OF more
delicate nature-that was preying
upon his mind. He was urged to tell
all
Well. it's like this" said the father
Il got four kids, you know, and one
OF them, my oldest girl, Is struttin'
round, proud as little peacock, be-
cause she's going to graduate from
the public grammar school this month
Aid do you KNOW haven't got
enough to get that girl one OF these
white graduation dresses. ! tell you,
| need work"
The other father. a teamster, also
hesitated toward the end OF his story.
He had been laid off three months
ago. he said, and he had gotten 10 the
point where he went 10 the poor com.
mission fer aid They gave him coal,
and some food, but not enough, so he
ran up al account for S35 at the gro
Ger.
And what else?" asked the woman
who was making a record of this
'case"
ITS the kids" said the man. 81
got two OF them and they ought to be
going 10 school like the rest OF the
children in the neighborhood. But
they don't go, because they haven't
got the clothes, and haven't got the
money to buy them"
Others selected for Wednesdays
list:
l33--A laborer, who told interview
ers that few potatoes were the only
edibles left in his home. He has a
wife and baby Has had no work for
six weeks.
134-A three-months' idleness has
forced this man. painter. 10 scatte.
his family OF six children among rela-
tiyes. The father is anxious TO get
any kind OF work SO that he can again
bring his little ones together under
one roof
l35-Here is a man who, when he
was laid of. four months ago, counted
over his financial assets. and figured
that he would have to live on 20 cents
a day. He did, and even at that rate.
he says, he finally exhausted his re-
sources, and still found no work. He
is a tinsmith, and has a wife and three
children. Willing tn take any kind of
work.
136-A laborer. with a wife and one
child to look after Has been out of
work seven months, and is heavily In.
debted for groceries and rent
137-Another laborer, who told an
interviewer that his grocer had re-
fused him more credit He Is s4S in
debt for provisions. Has a wife and
two children.
13s-Worked last as a railroad sig
nal man. Has wife and one child.
Has spent all the money he saved. in
six weeks OF idleness, and is now get
ting food on credit. Strong, and able
TO do any kind of labor.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-21
Picture of "Souse Party"
Leads to Mans Arrest

Herbert Cooper 35 years old. of No
s44 Grandy-aye., became possessed OF
several bottles OF beer. two weeks
ago. Then he called in several friends
and photographer The friends
grouped themselves in graceful poses
about the beer, and a. picture (Nas
taken
The picture. thought Cooper was
good TO look upon. II was shown TO
friends Copies were made. and those
who appeared I'm the convivial scene
The Detroit times., 1915-01-21
FORMER SOLON
CALLED BY DEATH
Adolphus Merritt Was Sponsor
For Much Legislation Favor
able to War Veterans

Adolphus Merritt, 60 years old. OF
Mo- 460 Concord-ave., died early We'd
nesday morning In Grace hospital,
from lobar pneumonia.
Mr.. Merritt was Civil war vet.
eran, and later, asa member OF the
state Legislature, introduced much leg
islation favorable TO the old soldiers.
He had wide circle of acquaintances.
He recently held a position as jarfor
In the county building.
A son, Joseph Merritt. is employed
In the county clerks Office.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-21
WOULD REGISTER ALL
CHATTLE MORTGAGES
FrOm a Siam Correspondenf

LANSING, Mich. Jan. 20.-Amend-
IN, Mt of the present chattel mortgage
law so as to provide for immediate
registration of such instruments, to.
gether with the filing of annual re-
ports showing dates and amounts OF
all payments. either on interest or
principal, was asked in bill present
ed in the house Tuesday afternoon by
Representative Herbert II. Hoffman
The present law governing this class
Of mortgages opens the way for whole.
vale fraud, IL is alleged. The bill was
referred to the judiciary committee
BALLENGER.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-21

showed II to their friends also.
Someone-nOt friend recognized
Cooper. and Wednesday morning Dep
uty Sherins Joseph Pilarski and Ted
Roberts went TO ms home and placed
him under arrest on q charge of aban.
donment Ele is wanted on a warrant
issued Ia Caro-, Tuscola county Eras.
tus {. Brainard. sheriff OF Tuscola
county. has wired Sheriff Oakman that
he will arrive in Detroit during the
day to take Cooper back 20 Caro-
The Detroit times., 1915-01-21
EXEMPT LAKES FROM
SEAMANS BILL, PLAN

COLUMBUS, o., Jan. 2O.-Ths
senate Judiciary committee today,
favorably reported resolution mem
orializing congress to exempt great
lakes steamers from the provisions
or the La Toilette seaman's bill,
which provides one lifeboat for
every % passengers and two seamen
for each lifeboat.
Under this bill, Senator Brown, OF
Cleveland, told the committee the
steamer Seeandbee on Lake Erie
would have TO carry 119 lifeboats
and 2SS seamen.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-21
No Room.

Yes, for the past two months I'VE
been positively living within my in.
come"
Don't you feel rather cramped?"
"Cramped? Say. lend me $40, will
you? want to stretch myself
New York Times
The Detroit times., 1915-01-21
Gets $500 For Hair.

NEW YORK, Jan. 20-Mrs. Alice
Davis. widow OF wealthy Cincinnati
man, was today awarded $500 dam
ages in her suit against hair dresser
she alleged ruined her beautiful
blonde locks. She asked $4,000.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-21

Detroir rfmes' Job Printing Depart
ment.-Main 1920
The Detroit times., 1915-01-21

Printing the pain nent kind-that ts
right - Times job Department.--Maln
f52o
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27
TIGES lose
TO MINORS
Bad Pitching, Weal
Hitting Give Game
to Pelicans

NEW ORLEANS. Ia. March "a.
Hugh jennings spolfo
quite few words to his boys. thI1|
morning, before taking them out t6
practice for the second encountc1
against the New Orleans Peiicans-
The Tigers were beaten yesterday.|
6 to 4. not only because Boland and
Ledbetter. recruit pitchers, wero
Wild. negligent and ineffective. buo|
because the team didn't bat I'M 81
its usual standard.
Base runners ran wild on tn!
young pitchers. The double steel
was worked three times and severa1
Pelican gents stole all by them
selves. Stanage and Peters. who
caught for the Tigers, did their bee1
to head OF runners. but on most &C.
casions. they had too good start.
Both pitchers were hit rather
hard. The Tigers managed to make
only seven safeties.
Therefore. jennings found II nee
essary to do some strong talking.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27

Harry vardon. the greatest golf
player In the world. is coming to
this country to take part in the open
championship at Baltusrol. held In
June.
vardon was here two years ago.
In company with Edward Ray. and
competed In al parts OF the United
States. He was beaten out OF the
open title-the American classic
by OuImet In sensational match
that attracted the attention OF the
whole country. Interest will be even
greater this year when the famous
pair hook up again.
Already the American golfers are
rushing to the aid OF their country.
and the great English professional
will find us firmly intrenched and
prepared to Withstand a siege.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27
DETROIT STARS
ASSAULT PINS
AT A. b. C.. MEET

or the 40 or more Detroit bowlers
who contested in the singles at the
a. d. C.. tourney. in Peoria Friday.
finished above the COO mark. II.
Ralston and J. Higgins were the
lucky ones. The former ran up q
score Of 617, while Higgins made an
even 600, F. Haynes was third, with
SOS, and F. VAIL fourth. with 5s2.
Cap Ryan stood seventh. He had
a total OF 564
In the doubles, n. Curl and r.
Meninger. IT.. topped the list OF De-
troiters with total of 1.160. E.
Hartman and A. NJ. Messler we're
next. with 1,134; A. Waltz and r..
Wetzel third, with l.126; w. Brown
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27
By HUGH s. FULLERTON.


Last Saturday. March 20. the tip
was passed around among the "wise
Fowls" that Jess willard was TO win
the fight CD at Havana.
The tip came straight from the
feed box" II came to me from two
different sources through two "wise
men" There were a lot Of trim
mings to the tale. much alleged cor.
roborative evidence. and the idea
that Johnson Is badly In need OF
cash and has agreed to lose to vii.
lard and clean up on the to 1 odds
being offered.
As duty II seems only fair to
warn all readers OF The Times not
TO fall for" any such tips" Where
this came from or who fathered II
makes little difference. II Is merely
another addition to the nauseous
mess OF scandal that has oozed out
everywhere since the match was
made.
Someone has an idea that the
public, or the gullible part OF the
public. can be induced to bet on the
fight The information. whatever 1t
Is worth. comes from gambling
sources. II is TO the interest OF
these people to get people to bet.
Here are some facts:
The promoters OF the fight are In
perhaps $4,000 that they want to
get back.
There Is small chance for them
TO draw enough money in Havana,
or anywhere else. to get their money
back and pay Johnson his guaran.
tee. Times arc hard In Cuba, and
interest Is not great in the fight.
AS to the fact, reports from Ha.
vana indicate that Johnson is In
halfway conditions, perhaps a little
better than those who know him
thought he was. He is hog fat.
With Johnson within 20 per cent
of top condition willard stands as
much chance OF beating him as a
sucking pig does OF whipping a
grizzly.
As to "frame-ups": The morals Of
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27
THREE TIED IN
BILLIARD TOURNEY

CHICAGO. March 27.-Three men
are tied for first place today in the
worlds championship three-cushion
billiard tournament. BY winning
their final games last night, George
Moore and John Daily. the New York
veterans. swept into the race on ever
terms with Bill Huey. OF Chicago.
Each has won nine and lost two.
On Monday, Daily and Moore will
play. and on Tuesday the winner
will meet Huey for the $1,000 dla
mond trophy and $1,000 cash prize
that goes TO the owner.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27

doubled ner TRACKS, anu returned
to 'the city.
C. w. Wood. Of No. 100 Michigan
ave-. identified the coat as the prop
erty of Mrs. Gladys Harris, 81 years
old. and said he had met her on
the street. shortly before 4 o'clock.
Thursday afternoon. and that she
had no money and had to raise
some.
Wood says he has known the
woman since they were children to-
gether in Kentucky. He says her
father is Alex Murphy, saloon
keeper, OF Columbus. o.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27

money out OF their victims. They
know that the easiest marks" In
the world are those fellows who are
anxious to believe everything in
sport is crooked.
II should, in this case, act as a
warning TO everyone to lay off the
fight entirely. The chances are
that the fight. IL il takes place will
be square, not because those who
are most interested in 1t are square
but because there Is no money in
fixing to have Willard lose. and
there does not seem to be any way
that the vanity OF the big black
could be overcome enough to induce
him to lay down.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27

the thing would not affect Johnson.
He has laid down, and he has agreed
to lay down and then failed to do
II. Jeffries was led TO believe John
son would flop" and probably never
would have fought but for this I'M
derstanding.
But the big cotton field Negro is
almost insanely egotistical and vain,
There is not chance that he would
deliberately lose. Even II he signed
an agreement to lay down II would
be to he wouldn't do 1t. II they
want to make the Negro lose they'll
have to dope him.
The Tip" is the favorite method
OF crooked gamblers for dragging
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27
link On His Job and link On
Name, What Chance Has He?

ers have fallen victims. The five
others we're Frank Dillon, Chris
Lindsay. Claud Rossman, Tom Jones
and Del Gamer
Added to this. Is the suspicion that
some omen Of ill-luck has attached Il.
self to the name of Burns-that is.
the Burnses In baseball. While the
Tiger baseman is In the hospital.
George Burns, OF the New York
Giants. Is hobbling around on a
crutch. According TO dispatches
from Marlin. where the Giants are
training, this George will be out fully
as long az the Tiger George. He is
suffering from some torn lgaments
In his right foot
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27
KNOW WOMAN
WHO ATTEMPTED
SUICIDE BLUFF

Police have the Identification OF
the woman who was supposed TO
have plunged from the d. & c. dock
at the foot OF Second-st.. Thursday
afternoon. leaving her coat and
purse, and set of stolen furs, on
the dock. but so far they have not
obtained any trace OF the body, and
Harbormaster julius Killing still
thinks that the mysterious woman
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27
u. OF ID. HAS TEN
GAMES BOOKED

Following Is the baseball schedule
for the University OF Detroit team.
this season: April %, Albion col.
lege at Albion: April 20. NJ. A. c.
at East Lansing: May s. Battle
Creek Normal at Detroit; May s, u.
OF NJ. Fresh at Ann Arbor; May 10.
Adrian college at Adrian; May 20.
Polish Seminary at Orchard Lake:
May %. u. OF M. Freshmen at De.
troit; May 27. st Ignatius college.
Cleveland, at Detroit; June 8. open: ,
June 3. field day game at Bots Blanc.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27
DOVE OF PEACE
FLIES OVER FEDS

NEW YORK, March 27.--A few
recalcitrant feathers were still awry
on the Dove of peace" today at the
Federal league meeting. President
Gilmore promised to smooth them
out in time for adjournment.
Whom to saddle with the Kansas
City management. and adoption OF a
playing schedule. were the only big
items of unfinished business when
the Fed magnates reconvened.
Pat Powers and Harry Sinclair, of
the Newark club, professed to be
satisfied with retention OF Pitcher
Cy Falkenberg and loss of Benny
Kauff.
While they were at IL. why didn't
that Northwestern high basketba pail
team go ahead and beat Highland
Park?
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27
JENNINGS HAS BETTER
TEAM THIS YEAR Than HE|
LED IN 1915 CAMPAIGN
DETROIT PASSED UP
NEW PITCHING STAR
From a stan Corrcspondent

NEW ORLEANS. March a.
II is asserted that Branch Rick
ey. manager OF the Browns. has
a pitcher on whom not a hit or
run has been scored this spring.
This demon hurler's name Is
Meadows. and he Is the ball play
er who Is famed for always wear
ing heavy spectacles while pitch.
Ing. Meadows is chiefly OF inter.
est TO Detroiters because Presi-
dent Navin received several
score OF tips on him last sum
mer and sent scouts down 10 the
Virginia State league, where he
was playing then, 10 look him
over. Detroit scratched him
from the prospective roster be
cause OF the glasses, and because
he was said to be a pitcher who
started with bang In the spring
and pitched the remainder OF the
season on his reputation.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27
Return of Burns Would Give Detroit Best Club Since Joyous Pennan Winning
In Other Training Camps

DALLAS. Texas-McGraw's Giants
arrived here today for games this
afternoon and tomorrow Pitcher
Kirkmayer was left behind at Mar.
lin with the grippe, McGraw him.
self got three-bagger in practice
game yesterday.
DAYTONA Fla.-The Brooklyn
Robins hook up today In four
game series with the New York
Americans. Jack Coombs, former
Athletic Iron man." is going great
guns. He worked In splendid form
for six innings in yesterdays game
with the Cubans.
BROWNS WELLS, Miss.-Tom
Seaton and Jim Bluejacket, of the
Brookfeds, we're declared today to
be in mid-season form, on their
showing yesterday against the Nc
Comb City team, defeated. IL to 8.
DAYTONA, Fla.-Manager Bill
Donovan. OF the Yankees, announced
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27

George Burn. Tiger firstbaseman.
who IL In q New Orleans hospital.
recovering iron an operation for ap-
pendicitis, appars to be laborins
under a doubf link. this season.
First, he Is victim OF the hoodoo
that hovers abut the FIRST base Job
on the Detroi team.
Stricken suddenly during a game
at New Orleais. Burns was compel
ed to undergcan operation that viii
leave the Tiers without a regular
frstbaseman until June.
The jinx O Detroit's nrstbasemen
has foIiowedthe team for is years.
During that time six good irstsack-
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27
JACOBSON WEARS BIG
EYE SHADE IN HOT GAMES
From a Star Correspondents.

NEW ORLEANS, March 27.-
Bill Jacobson is not a faddist. but
he has picked up one innovation
that he believes is n great idea
for outfielders. When the sun be-
gins to get hot and glare during
the summer. he cuts the visor
on his baseball cap and substi-|
tutes green. transparent eye
shade, such as are commonly
seen in Offices. The shade acts
as both visor and sun goggles and
is very satisfactory arrange
ment, according to Jake"
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27
SPORT CHATTER

The Eastern high Freshman tract
team won Its dual meet with die
Pontiac team, Friday night, 40 TO 31..
Baseball at three cents ner ~am0
Is the newest innovation. IT has beer
hit upon In Quincy. I'LL, as n mean -
OF reviving interest In the Three Eye
league club In that town. A ticke<'
sold for one dollar. Already, about
10000 have been sold. II takes $50. =.
900 to run the team year. and Tie
owners hgure that by Charging c6@'
they will be able to make both end1|
meet. 1 III
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27

certainty OF his performance at first
until Burns returns makes the ex-
tent OF the improvement OF this
years club over that led by Jen-
nings last season somewhat problem
atical. When Burns returns. un-
less the spring dope Is a tremendous
lot of bunk. Detroit win have this
year much the strongest club 1t has
supported since the championship
days.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27
BID
FOR SCHOOL TITLE

Central high today has stronger
claim on the interscholastic basket
championship. by virtue OF Its defeat
Friday night, OF the Eastern high
quintet The score was "a TO IL.
Superior passing. shooting and fol-
lowing OF the ball aided the Central
basketeers In piling up a safe mar
gin. The summary:
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27
Basketball Scores.

Central high "a. Eastern high II.
Northwestern SO. Highland Park
Western 80. Pontiac %.
Rayls 81. Flint 20.
Cass Tech 20, Ypsilanu Nor.
NAL 20.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27
Risk No Cash On Johnson-Wi1lard
Bout, Is Advice of Hugh Fullerton

HAVANA. March 27.-At the
request Of President Menoeal, OF
Cuba, the Johnson-WilIard fight
was today postponed from Eas-
ter Sunday, April 4, to Monday,
April 5.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27

Final score-Centrai "a. Eastern IL.
Score tfrst halo Central IL. Eastern
b Baskets from field.-Holton 8.
stringer 4, Hendrian. Westbrook. Ire
land. Baskets from fouls-west, 8 IN
3. Fouls committed--s Sullivan -.
whitmarsh 4. Stringcr z. Hendrian 2.
Hoiton. Davis 4, Finzel g. kaufman.
Wcstbrook. West ?. Referee and UNI
pire (alternatinR) ---iIuebner. Detroit
~ and Hackett. Drake. Timer
Whitmarsh. Time OF halveE--20 min
utes northumberland West
brook for kaufman. Central. STAFF
ford for Hendrian
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27

that he will put his FIRST team
against the Brooklyns this afternoon
-Pipp at first, Boone at second
Peck at short and Maisel at third.
with either Ray Caldwell or Ray
Fisher in the box.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27

Willie Hoppe. professional cham
pion. gained n bit. Friday. on Jospher
Mayer amateur title holder. In their
fve-b block handicap match at -
balk line billiards The score now
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-03-27

and II. Lunn fourth, with Liz. and
J. Stubenwall and w. McDougall
fifth. with l,116.
Following are the standings. up to