davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-11-17
FEDERAL RESERVE A YEAR OLD.

The federal reserve banking system yesterday COM
peted its first year. and according to the official view
has splendidy to its opportunities for useful
ness. 1t is evident that bad banking practices have
been eliminated fducary applications scrutnized as
never before and conservatism has become the rule in
discounts AS unit the twelve regional reserve
banks have earned two per cent their capital in
the twelve-month Money has been easy all the year
There large release of reserves incident to the
inauguration of the system, and within few
months tide of gold pay for exports set in from
Europe, SO that member banks not obliged to
seek discounts It has been what might be called a
year of reorganization and houseeleaning in banking
circles.
How broad is the field appears from the statements
Of the national banks. published within few days
They hold nearly $S6sooo.o00 reserves in excess Of
the $1,100 600 required. This means un-
utilized credit capacity of something like five billions
and probably there is much more in the State and
private banks and trust companies There are now in
tie federal reserve system 1880 member banks, the
great majority being national The aggregate capital
Of these banks is $1,000 600. The deposits of the
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-11-17
Our Weather Predictions

A spell of cold is on the way to
chill the Newark air and fill the
tailor's jeans with pay and homes
with coal and care. 1t bodies the
coming of the time when bath-tuh
spigots freeze and poets turn to
summer rhyme and moth balls scent
the breeze. The buildings at the
Corners Four will have to stand
alone, Gay youths will prop them
up no more, but seek some warmer
zone.
The season of the sled is near, ana
of rheumatic ills, of Tom and Jerry
ousting beer and rheumatism pills.
of mufflers wound about the neck
and ulsters cleaning new; of uncle's
welcome little check and unpaid
taxes due; of merry, merry sleighing
glee and royal roasted beeye. of
wild-eyed femininity that shops on
Christmas eve; of gas-logs cheerily
aglow within the cosy home and
naughty urchins packing snow to
smite one on the dome; of running
in the tradesman's debt for thick
and woolen hose, of throwing off the
coverlet and getting frozen toes.
The Bugle views the wintertide
with unashamed alarm, although we
ought to point with pride to Christ
mas on the farm. We sympathize
with fellow-men, we're sorry for the
race, whenever winter comes again
we pull a lengthy face. Yes, ills
there are that rise to plague when
chilly grows the town, frost forms
upon the scrambled egg and chill
blains will not down The thorough
fares are bare and bleak throughout
the frigid days and though one
stands and looks a week no chickens
meet the gaze The biting blasts of
Boreas are cutting as knife, a
billiards. far from glorious, there is
no joy in life. Yet all these burdens
hard to bear they so into the ditch
beside the thing beyond compare
the winter flannel itch.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-11-17

Just think of New Jersey boy, at school within
earshot of where the battle of Springfield fought
learning American history from book which does not
mention that glorious episode in the Revolution
arg annals OF his State and neghborhoodl This
is what member of the Sons of the American Revo-
lution hnds in the Oranges. The same textbook de-
votes thirty-nine pages colonial history of New
England and $50 words to that Of New Jersey. 1t
gives less than 500 the mastery retreat of
Washington from Fort Lee to the Delaware, covering
the battles of Trenton and Princeton and about 165
words to the campaign following the evacuation of
Valley Forge and concluding with the battle of Mon
mouth Not only is the battle of Springfield ignored
completely, but there is mention of many other
stirring right here in Essex county during the
war for independence nor of the second occupation
at Morristown.
Education in history needs to be localized for
states and smaller communities The school curri-
cllum of New Jersey will be what it ought to
be until it has standard work of history compiled
with special reference to State, and every
important city should have its particular local history
In the same way.
In New Orleans movement has been started to
make knowledge of ones town a basic feature
OF school work through the of textbook entitled
THE New Orleans Book" The United Historical and
Patriotic Societies and Associations of New York
through committee of nine, have taken up the ques
ton Of having book giving the story of that city
written for in the public schools.
These are examples which ought to be followed
by the educational authorities of New Jersey and par
tieularly of Newark The school children of this city
are expected to take large part in the celebration
of Newark quarter -mennal jubilee next year. How
much will they know of the story of the settlement
Of Newark? Very little if the ordinary textbooks
to be depended upon.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-11-17
NATIVE AND FOREIGN CHILDREN.


tt is not pleasant for native American mothers to
told that they less careful and wise in rearing
children than the immigrant women who come across
the in the steerage. DR.. Guifoy, head of the
bureau of public health education of New York, de-
clares that the offspring of immigrants healthier
than those of native Americans In native families
according to his figures. of every 1000 boys,
and S5 out every 1000 girls, die before reaching
fye years of age The foreign-born ratio is SO for
boys and 80 for girls.
The physician explains this condition by saying
that American mothers let social affairs interfere with
their maternal duties and that bottle-feeding and
general neglect much sickness among American
babies.
OF course, there other reasons which might
account for the harder constitutions of immigrants
babies Generally both the parents have occupations
which necesstae physical exercise and which develop
capacity for bodily endurance The latter may be in
herited by the babes. European mothers especially
those of the peasant type know more about the es-
sential points in caring for children than young Amer
can mothers, and put faith in discipline and less
in coddlng.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-11-17
OPINIONS AND VIEWS F ROM THE EXCHANGES

and lungs. But the great menace Of
the teaching profession Is pathologi-
cal fatigue. The average teacher"
it seems, lives in "a constant state OF
pathological fatigue, nervously un-
strung, but by sheer dint of heroic
effort is sacrificing her remaining
vitality in the cause of public SER.
vice"
That being the case, can humane
municipality wreck what is left OF
the teachers health by asking her to
devote part of her vacation to teach
ing In summer schools? 1t Is to pre-
vent this very frightfulness that the
Brooklyn Teachers Association has
had the disturbing figures compiled.
But it is to be hoped the teachers will
not claim any monopoly of pathologi-
cal fatigue. That is very prevalent
and by no means exclusive malady.
1t afflicts all women who have to
make their living. Men even are not
exempt.
People would work with almost as
much zest as they play if only patho-
logical fatigue could be eradicated
from labor. II is probably the most
universal of occupational diseases.
That New York women school teach
ers, with their higher pay and more
comfortable conditions of work,
should be specially susceptible to IT
is only one of the distinctive symp-
toms Of the malady.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-11-17
News Of the Labor World

Pennsylvania employs more than
10000 females in cigar and stogie fac
tories.
No Germans or Austrians. or their
descendants, will be employed in the
Aetna powder works near Pittsburgh,
Pa.
Joliet, ILL., trade unionists have
called on Warden thinner of the State
penitentiary to cease the manufacture
of brooms at that place.
Unions of California have been
asked to appoint label copmittees to
see that their members buy only
union-made goods, and, wherever pos
sibie, goods made in California.
In connection with harvesting in
England by troops representations
have been made to the Board OF Agri-
culture that the payments should not
exceed the wages ruling in the vari-
Gus localities.
BY vote of ninety-seven to fifty
five the convention of the Trades and
Labor Congress of Canada refused to
ask the Dominion government to rgs
peal Lilt llluuSlIldl QlHJulCo dSAt WHICH
provides for conciliation and arbtra-
tion in public utility disputes.
All girls under eighteen and mex
perienced adult women in retail stores
in the State of Oregon must receive
minimum weekly rate of pay of Sc;
all experienced adult women must re
ceive $S.25, save in Portland, where
they must be paid at the minimum
rate of 1925 per week.
A large part of the steel and iron
labor is so little, skilled or specialized
that it is classified as common labor
Taking all departments of the steei
and iron industry the average hourly
pay of common labor is now IS BIO
cents an hour For ten-hour day
and a six-day week, that would be
about $11 a week.
From 1890 to 1900 the number of
females above ten years of age gainx
fully employed increased 36 per cent,
against an increase of 26 per cent.
for males. From 1900 TO 1910 the
number of such females increased SO
per cent, while the number of males
| Increased only n per cent, At the
latter date one female was gainfully
employed for every two and two
| thirds males
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-11-17
NEW NEWS OF YESTERDAY
Philosopher DESPITE Adverse Circumstances

for the protection of his rights He
spent practically everything he had
in defense of his possessions. | have
heard that his legal expenses cos
him over 100000 but they were prae
tically fruit eSs. California, with
owed SO much to Sutter, and with
some sense of the Injustice which had
been his lot granted him pension,
which was his only means of support.
But. although he fought desperately
and constantly. nevertheless no one
ever heard him complain of his mis-
fortunes. He knew that the discovery
of god upon his place had ruined
him, while 1t had directly or indirect
ly enriched others, but there never
was a ihurmur from him. He was a
true philosopher, and / can illustrate
that by telling YOU something that
was narrated to me.
A friend went to see him at time
when Gen. Sutter was living in u
house which he himself built on Il
small piece of land which remained
in his possession. The friend was re-
ceived with hospitality and courtesy
He was shown into the house. 1t was
built OF hardened mud, with possibly
some stone. In it were books and
other evidences Of refinement The
friend was amazed to see the thick
ness of the walls. He measured them
and found that they were between
three and four feet thick, and he
asked Gen. Sutter if there was any
reason for constructing house %
such massive proportions. In reply.
the general said that there were the
best of reasons, for he had learned
that If the walls OF house wero
three feet or more thick in summer
the heat would be kept out, whereas
In winter the cold would be kept out
and the warmth kept in, and 1t was
for that reason he had built his hause
in that manner
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-11-17
MAY sHELYE MIR. KrTCHIN.

When Representative Claude Kitchin, of North
Carolina announced his dissent from the admnistra-
tion preparedness pan but added that in opposing the
defense program he would act merely an individual
member of the House and not floor leader of the
majority, it probably did not occur to him that he
might not be floor leader at all According to the
present talk Mr. Ktchins attitude is likely to lead to
movement among administration Democrats in the
House to reduce him to the ranks The feeling against
him has been strengthened by his statement in a
letter to a constituent to the effect that the Demo-
Gratis of the House will go contrary to their oonvic
ons they vote for the presidents plans in regard
to the national defense
In the letter alluded to- Mr. Kitchin has indicated
that he intends to put up strong fight against
the policy of the administration, and his references to
those of his party colleagues who support that policy
are so uncompmentary that decided dissent from his
selection as floor leader is expected when the Demo
Gratis of the House meet December in their first
formal caucus
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-11-17

It probably would be impossible 10
change the traditional estimate CT
the late General John I. Sutter, for
that has become too firmly esta biished
to make any modification of it possi-
bic. General Suffers name will re-
main traditionally as that of the man
upon whose mill race in California the
first discovery of gold was made in
January. ls4S. The popular under
standing has been and still is that
General SSutter was a pioneer wno
lived from hand TO mouth after estab-
fishing himself IN California in q time
when Mexico still possessed sover-
eighty over California Many per-
SONS have pictured him as a solitary
pioneer struggling with something
like poverty.
General Sutter was a man of edu-
cation, of very attractive personality,
and, although born in Germany, was
of Swiss parentage, being distin-
guished by many of the characteris-
tics of the Swiss. His was flourish
ing business, and his sawmill was
only an incident to it. 1t is true that
the discovery of gold upon his place
was a misfortune. He gained no BEN
eft from it, but lost substantially all
that he possessed in California 1t
was not a day when law prevailed,
but, instead, violence, and predatory
hordes thronged his place and prac-
tically drove him out of it.
| was talking with several citizens
of California who came to Washing
ton in 1883 about some Of the early
features of the establishment of gov
ernment in California, and in that
conversation the name of General
Sutter was mentioned.
fha hi0hocf 1-ifa6 nf
courage, for it was both moral and
physical" said one of these men. He
fought in such courts as there were
at that time, and fought persistently
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-11-17
IRISH IRREooNcILABLEs

The result of a Dublin bye-eiection for Parliament
is among the many dsqueting incidents for the Brit
ish government. The OMahony who was beaten by
Alderman Byrne, strong supporter of the war
policy and represented the loyal faction of the Irish
Nationalists which followed John Redmonds leader
ship The O'Mahony his officers uniform at
every meeting and few days before the election the
Irish Times declared ut will be scandal If the man
who has made the justice of the and the need of
victory his chief issue is defeated in the city of the
Dublin Fusers" But defeated he was, and by an
opponent who advised the Irish volunteers to keep
drilling and arming in preparation for the day when
they might be called upon to "look after their own
country the reference being not to German in
vasion. but to a resumption of hosttes between the
Ulstermen and the Nationalists. Byrne also de-
nounced the defense of the realm act and called for
the release of those already imprisoned under its
thority
1t is plain that there is multitude of Irishmen
who hold the faith of their fathers-that Irelands
foe is England and that England's difficulty will
always be Ireland's opportunity.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-11-17

with antiseptics and free from the
ever dusty aid by means of sterile
bandage
1t may hurt the .ranity of silly men
and wrongly taught children, who
have the mistaken belief that their
"blood is all right but ninety times
in hundred it will save them loss
of time, labor pain, discomfort and
worse. AT worst, 1t is harmless, and
at best it prevents lockjaw
Punctured wounds or jagged flesh,
tears from sharp-pointed objects such
as rusty iron, pins, fish-hooks, nails,
tacks and farm implements-are par
ticularly dangerous, The lockjaw
microbe accompanies the rust on
such metals. Rust and explosives use
up all air oxygen close to the surfaces
and the tetanus bacillus lives where
oxygen is not. Driven into q wound
it thrives there, too, because no
oxygen reaches it.
& Needless to say even the most
slSilful home treatment cannot always
make punctured flesh sterile. Lock-
jaw antitoxen is a preventive, not a
curative agency. 1t must be given
by the doctor. who loses no time to
lay open and clear out the puncture.
When all is said and done the WON
der remains that-despite the laelxa-
daisical careless disregard of most
scratches and cuts-so few children
and grown-ups succumb to blood
poisoning. What medical philanthro-
pists aim at, however, is to combat
this very negligence and save the
lives of the four or five of each hum
dred who die because of scratches.
1t is a difficult thing to convince the
ninety odd, who will get we'll any
how, that they must also go to a lit
tie bit of trouble and eXpense-be-
cause you never know which four or
five will be the victims.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-11-17

twelve regional banks are 1876, 100000. with
cash holdings Of $500 100000 The federal bank
notes IN circulation amount to $1S,000,000 Two
months ago they were s17,600,0O0 The volume of
discounts of thu twelve regional banks at this time
for the entire country only $4S S.00O,O0O. Powerful
they are it is thus shown that their resources
only slightly required for the business necessities Of
the country at this time
It is the opinion of the Federal Reserve Board
that after the present peculiar business conditions
have passed away an era of high interest rates will
ensue and banking operations will then put the new
system to genuine test of its value
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-11-17
4 spoRrING pRoposIrIoN FOR oHARIrY.

Time was, years ago, when football game be-
tween big college teams was a Thanksgiving Day
feature in New York city. There thousands of
persons in the big metropolis who do not know how
to amnse themselves the afternoon of the holiday
and who miss this old annual feature. Hamilton Fish,
jr, the Harvard excapain who led the All-Star team
against Rutgers at the Polo Grounds last Saturday
has made a proposition to the New York National
League club for a lease of the field annually on
Thanksgiving Day, with the object of pitting the
strongest available college eleven against team
posed of coaches of the leading Eastern eleyens.
II is not money! making venture. Mr.. Fish
would give the proceeds to charity he did those Of
last Saturdays game, which netted more than 1000
Many of the Eastern universities and colleges rep
resented in New York club life and it is expected
that these would form the nucleus of big Thanks
would be through with their and in excellent
physical condition. II looks like a good sporting
proposition for worthy object
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-11-17
BIRTHDAY or NOTED WOMEN
NOVEMBER II
NOVEMBER II
Eliza Farnham, Elizabeth Eastake, Charlotte Sophia
copyright 1915


Miss Tarnham personally directed
the settlement of hundreds OF innH
grant wonuen and established homes
lor them in the West.
Lady Elizabeth Eastlaxe was the
wife of the celebrated painter of the
name and president OF the Royal
Academy in Lohdon. in the first parf
of the nineteenth century. Lady Eliz-
abeth herself had a decided talent for
letters. and her best known book was
Letters from the Shores of the Bsl.
tic.
Charlotte Sophia. who was born il
Germany III years ago today. was in
troduced to her future husband King
wrote him on account of her distress
over the ravages of the Prussian
troops on the territory of a relative
The king was sentlmentalIy interest
ed and sought the young princess in
marriage AS a queen she showed nc
talents at all for court life. She was
dull TO degree, perfectly decorous.
and, through the influence OF her
carly training, stingy and parsimo-
NOUS
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-11-17
A FEDERAL CHECK ON oHILD LABOR.

The New Jersey State Federation of Women's
Clubs has Joined hands with its sister bodies of Penn
sylyania and Indiana in indorsng the movement to
push national child labor bill at the approaching
session of Congress- The national government cannot
directly regulate the ages hours of factory labor
but it can put strong check child labor by barring
the products of that inhuman system from interstate
commerce.
The measure along this line which it is proposed
to press for passage is identical with the Palmer
Owner bill of the last session 1t would put the inter
state ban upon the products of factories where chill
dren under fourteen years old employed or where
children under sixteen work than eight hours
day By the same process it would forbid the en-
poyment of children under sixteen in mines and quar-
ries This cannot be called extreme legislation but
although it through the House by big majority
it was sheyled in the Senate by Southern factory in
huence 1t is hoped that, with the powerful aid OF
organized womanhood humanity will have better for
tune in the battle with greed at the approaching
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-11-17

The three best known women
whose birthdays fall on November
ham. the writer. Lady Elizabeth
Eastlake, and Queen Charlotte
Sophia, the wife of King George III.
Eliza Farnhan1. who was born in
New York State just 100 years ago.
was one of the pioneers in the work
OF reclaiming fallen women In New
York city. For four years she VS.
ited the woInen's departments of re-
formatories and prisons and lecrured
on prison reform all over the country.
Then she filled the position of ma
tron of the womens department of
Sing Sing. where she effected many
drastic reforms and where she wrote
her first book. Life in Prairie Land.
book giving a picture of personal
life in the West. Her best book was
Women and Her Era
Later in her life she became great
ly interested in the question of im-
migration and devoted years of her
life to the work of helping the won-
en- immigrants who landed in New
York in search of an opportunity.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-11-17
ODDITIES IN TODAY'S NEWS

Henry Fuller, Of DeKalb, Ill. Miss
Fuller brought the body of the deer
to the Hotel st. Louis, where she is
stopping, and sent it to a taxidermist.
She will probably present it to the
Museum of Natural History.
Professor Crane, head OF the de-
partment of mammals of the museum,
told Miss Fuller yesterday that a
white deer is very rare THE mu-
scum" he said, was presented with
one some twenty years ago. but it
was poor specimen" A white deer,
he stated, is best likened to an albino.
the white pelt lacking in the usual
color properties.
Fort Lee Citizens Save Fire Headquarters
While Firemen Sleep.
FORT LEE, Nov. 17.-There would
have been no firehouse here yester-
day had it not been for citizens, who
put out a blaze that threatened to
destroy the building. Not fireman
answered the alarm.
Protection Company No. | is the
namG of the firehghting organization
whoJb headquarters were in danger.
Several residents of the town, home
ward bound shortly after midnight,
saw the blaze. and, while one of their
1luf1DtLT SOuIldco Gil uidt His lIiC OShCi .
tore open the door and put out the
fire, after 1t had done about 800 dam
age. ,
If any member of the "protection
company" heard the bell he remained
in bed.
odd Bits Of News CuIIed from the War
Zones.
LONDON.-The government has
authorized complete set of ntpvie
| films depicting wartime life in the
British navy.
Stately butler to aristocratic mas
tef in Lohdon's West End: "zeppe-
Inns passing hover, sir-if you wish
to hinspeet it, sir" The Yep hur-
riedly Unexpected
PARIS.--A wounded soldier fell
from tram car at the Quai des
lTuileries and the wheels passed over
one leg. producing splinters but nc
blood. He had lost his real leg IL
the battle of the Marine.