davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23
TILLAGE AND COVER
CROPS IN ORCHARDS
Fruit Trees Are Often Injured by
Root Freezing During Cold
Months of Winter.

The effect of tillage and cover
crops on the orchard are similar in
some respects, but tillage adds moth
ing to the amount of plant food in the
soil, through it influences the fertil-
ity of the land so that more food is
made available for the growing trees.
A well-managed system of cover crops
will accomplish all that tillage can
and at the same time add to the store
of the plant food that will be avail
able for the trees.
Fruit trees are often injured by root
freezing during the winters. In the
northern latitudes this is one of the
most important reasons for keeping
the soil covered in the winter. The
influence of a cover crop in protecting
the roots from frost is very important.
On soil that is rolling or on hill
sides it will be found almost impos-
sible to maintain any degree of fer
tility in the orchard without the use
of cover crops. 1t will not only pre-
vent the soil from washing away but
will also hold the fertilizers from
washing and prevent the leaves from
blowing away.
The saving of plant food is also an
important function of a cover crop.
When the cold weather arrests the
growth of trees there is considerable
available plant food that may be vast
ed on account of the trees not being
able to consume it at that time. This
may be saved by the cover crop and
held until such a time as it is desired
to have it give it up or when the
cover crop decays in the following
spring.
The ideal system of managing or
chard lands in the northern and mid
die states is perhaps most nearly ap-
preached when the soil is stirred in
the early spring, as early as prac-
ticable and as deep as it can be and
not injure the roots; cultivate in this
manner until the trees are budded,
then seeded with a cover crop which
will grow until autumn and be turned
under the following spring, and the
same method practiced again.
In some sections of the apple coun-
try cover crop is used the year that
the trees are due to produce large
crop, so as to form bed for the ap-
pies to fall upon and keep them clean
and free from mud.
The next year, when the trees are
not expected to produce large crop,
the orchard is manured or fertilized
and kept clean and free from weeds
until fall, and rye sowed or cover
crop, and the the following spring ii
is plowed and reseeded to cover
crop that is left on the ground until
the next spring.
This plan has found many friends
among the large commercial orchard
lists and is one of the most sensible
that wa are acquainted with.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23
Special coIumbu, eorre,pond.n,.

Special Columbus Correspondent.
"WENTY-ONE industries in Ohio
each paid out last year in wages
and salaries more than $4,000, 900.
Measuring Importance by the
amount expended in wages and
salaries, the greatest industry in the
state is the foundry and machine
shops. They paid out in 1914 for
wages and salaries $47,766,724. Steel
works and rolling mills rank next with
salaries and wages amounting to $40,-
561.175. These figures are from a sta
Statistician Fred Croxton of the indus
trial commission. In amount of money
paid out for wdges and salaries Cuya-
hoga county is the leader in the state,
although Hamilton in the report shows
a greater number of institutions COW
cred by the report. Cuyahoga reports
cover 1888 institutions and show
wages and salaries paid $101, ,365, 1876.
Hamilton county is second with 1851
institutions reporting and wages and
salaries paid of $69,217,539. The 81
leading industries with more than $5,-
100000 paid out in wages and salaries
follow:
Construction-General contracting, $1O,-
959,772
ufactures-Foundry and machine
shop products, SAT, ,766, 1924; steel works and
rolling mills, $40,561, 1856 automobiles, in
cluding bodies and parts, 1928, ,571; rub
ber goods, $1S,079901; printing and pub
fishing, $14, 4,09S,966; pottery, terra Gotta
and fire clay products, $40, ,761; boots
and shoes, including cut stock and find
ings, 1886, ,272; lumber and planning mill
products, S7,053, ,13O; glass, $6,S53 729;
stoves and furnaces, $6,644 1870; furniture
and refrigerators, $6,323, ,O43; copper, tin
and sheet iron products, $685. 1882; cleo
trical machinery, apparatus and supplies
S., SAT 900; liquors, malt, S., ,464399; tobacco
manufactures, 5,405, ,998; clothing, mems
Qncluding shirts), IS, 955; brick and
tile, S5,132,171.
Trade-Retail and wholesale stores
$37, ,36S, ,762.
transportation and public utilities
Electric railroads, $9,750,217 telegraph
and telephone, SIS, 5,49S,745.
The report covers 14,776 establishments
with total wages and salaries of $440,
972, 5S9. The large counties reporting fol-
low: Number Total wage
of estab- and salary
lishments payments
County. reporting. in 1914.
The state ............. 14,776 $440,972,5
Counties having q DOD-
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23
Hand Shaking.

A nonprofessor, defending his posi-
tion outside the church, said: why
should / join the church and receive
the sacraments? How much better
would l be for the observance of
mere formality, like hand-shaking?
The answer was: "If you think that
hand shaking is a mere formality, re-
fuse to take the hand of your friend
some day, and you will learn that it
has a meaning, and that your action
will be interpreted as an expression
Of distrust or dislike. Then remem-
ber that you are treating your best
Friend as you could treat no other
friend and retain his friendship. -
United Presbyterian.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23

DR.. w. T. Hornaday, well known for
his activity in behalf of wild-life pro-
lection in America, communicates to
Science the gratifying news that meas
ures have been taken by the Dutch
authorities to prevent the extermina-
tion of birds Of paradise in the Dutch
East Indies. Shooting is now limited
to three species, except in certain
areas where the shooting Of any bird
of paradise is prohibited.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23
Sources of Rivers.

The great majority of the first-class
rivers commence from chains of noun
tains, because springs are there most
abundant, perpetually fed by the melt
ing of the SHOWS and glaciers. They
have almost invariably an easterly d.
rection, the westward-bound streams
being few in number, and Of very sub.
ordinate rank. OF rivers flowing east.
We have grand examples in the st.
Lawrepce, Qrinoco, Amazon, Danube,
Ganges, Amour, Yangtse-Kiang and
Hoang H@
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23
pItv the Dentist.

your work must be very trying,
she said to the dentist as she settled
herself in the chair. 1T must be hard
10 be confined all day in close office
doing the delicate work required on
peoples teeth"
TT is," said the dentist, turning his
face away for the moment, especially
50 during the summer onion season" :"
Detroit Free Press.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23

counties) mad. 4,109 64,161, 145
Glowing tales of fancy salaries paid
to women in some employments in
Ohio are not borne out by the statis-
tics. The women are shown to fare
worse than men in the matter of sal
ary in every class of work. In fact, in
all the investigations made only 8 per
cent of women workers were found
who got more than SIS week. This
per cent was found among the sales
women, exclusive of travelling sales
people. Among women clerks, stenog-
raphers and bookkeepers As per cent
were found to be working for less than
$40 a week. Among women who do
manual labor less than per cent were
found who were making more than $1S
q week, while 3 per cent were found
to be working for less than 81 a week.
Working side by side with the women,
and probably in most cases doing no
better work, the men employees are
better paid, according to the face Of
the statistics. For example, among
statesmen (not commercial travelers)
GA per cent were found to be getting
more than SIS week, as against the
per cent of women receiving more
than this salary. And whereas the
women clerks, bookkeepers and Ste
nographers As per cent were found to
be making less than $40 a week,
among men workers in the same class
only II per cent were discovered who
got less than $40 a week. A similar
discrepancy is shown by the statistics
among the men and women who do
manual labor.
Enforces Food and Drug Laws.
T. L. Calvert, chief inspector of the
dairy and food department of the state
board of agriculture, has issued orders
for an active campaign in behalf Of a
rigid enforcement of the food and drug
laws. Inspectors of the department
have been instructed especially to see
to it that restaurants and eating
houses are conducted along cleanly
and sanitary lines.
Won't Submit to Dismissal.
Byron L. ClenDenning, Democratic
member of the state liquor licensing
board, whom Gov. Willis is trying to
displace, says he will carry his cause
to the highest court before he will sub
NIT to dismissal. The charges which
the governor will fire against Glen.
Denning are that he has been active
in promoting the referendum against
the McDermott license law and that in
so doing violated the corrupt practices
act and also the state liquor license
law. In a reply ClenDenning AYERS
that he has perfect right to proceed
against the new law if he wants to.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23

a N EPOCH marking event in the
development of closer trade
N and traffic relations between
H the United States and the
countries of Central America
will be the opening of the new rail
way connecting Mexico and Guate-
mala, writes w. D. Hornaday in Grit.
But for the revolution in Mexico this
important link in the long-talked of
line of railway, that is destined ulti-
mately to extend all the way to the
Isthmus of Panama, and perhaps to
the countries of South America that
border upon the Pacific ocean, would
have been in regular operation ere
this.
According to reports from Guate-
mala the work of extending the Pa
cific division of the International
Railways of Central America from
Champerico to Ayutla, situated on
the Mexico-Guatemala border, is prac.
tically finished. At Ayutla this line
connects with the Pan-American rail-
road, which runs to San Geronimo on
the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, a dis
tance of 2S4 miles. The Suchiate
river forms the boundary line between
Mexico and Guatemala. This stream
is spanned by costly bridge. On
the Mexican side is the town of
Mariscal and Just across the river is
Ayutla.
The Guatemala link in the Pan
American keeps close in towards the
Pacific coast, and in places the blue
waters of the ocean may be seen by
travellers on the trains. At the port
of San Jose the road connects with
the main line that crosses Guatemala
from southwest to northeast, forming
q direct route to the capital and to
Port Barrios, the Atlantic terminus.
The Isthmus of Tehuantepec and
that part of far southeastern Mexico
that is traYersed by the Pan-Ameri-
can railroad possesses many features
of interest to the world-traveler or to
the man who takes delight in pene-
trating out-of-the-way places and who
loves the beauties of nature. 1t also
has attracted many American colon
lists When travel to and from Mex
leo was interrupted by the internal
strife that has so long afflicted the
country, American colonists and tour
lists were just beginning to get ac-
quainted with the remote region that
was made accessible to them by the
construction of the Mexico division
of the Pan-American railroad
Region of Great Interest.
All the way from Cordoba to Maris-
cal there are many wonderful things
to be seen, but it is not until the
Isthmus of Tehuantcpec is reached
that the full bloom beauty of riotous
nature, with it's deep-green hued YER
dure, it's picturesque life and customs
of the careful natives, greet the eye.
The encroachment of civilizing in
fiuences has left but little impress
upon the town and village of the
Tehuana Indians. Their chief popula.
tion center is Tehuantepec, which is
located on the National Tehuantepec
railroad within few miles Of Salina
Cruz, the Pacific coast terminus Of
that trans-isthmian line. In all Mexico
there is no place of more absorbing
interest and strange attraction to the
visitor than Tehuantepec. There is
little in common between the Tehuana
indians and the other native tribes
of the country in the matter of GUS
toms and everyday life.
The Tehuana men are of very or
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23

Irate Diner-Hey, waiter! There's
not drop of real coffee in this mix.
ture.
Fresh Waiter Some little bird told
you, suppose?
Irate Diner Yes, swallow.-Lon-
don Answers.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23
lncreasIru the Distance.

We have an anti-cigarette league
in oW town. All the girls who joined
have pledged themselves never to
marry cigarette smokers" How are
the men taking it?" Some Of the
younger ones are worried, but a num-
beT Of confirmed woman haters have
recently acquired the cigarette habit"
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23
Make eood Ru+.ar

Butter is one Of the oldest articles
Of food. Do you eat good butter or
poor butter? Good butter is easy to
make when you know how and will
always sell well. Poor butter is hard
to sell. !
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23
q. Kind to the Horse.

Remember, always, that your mood
communicates itself to your horse. Be
gentle, cheerful and patient in your
manner toward him and allow him to
derive as much comfort as possible
from the drive, as you yourself expect
tn
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23

A dull hoe never kills as many
weeds as a sharp one and is harder
to use. Five minutes work with a
file or emery wheel will do wonders
toward killing the weeds in the pOta-
to patch.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23
Glrlish.

Wigg-She looks a good deal
younger than she is.
Wagg-Yes, and she acts consider
ably younger than she looks.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23
Whenever You Need a General Tonic
Take Groves

The Old Standard Groves Tasteless
chill Tonic is equally valuable as a Gen
eral Tonic because it contains the well
known tonic properties of QUININE and
IRON. 1t acts on the Liver, Drives out
Malaria, Enriches the Blood and Builds
up the Whole System. so cents ADV
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23
Imnutation Scorned.

'T believe you're afraid of work."
Afraid Of it," replied Flooding
Pete. 81 amt even acquainted with
it."
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23
Force of Necessity.

A.-Burroughs has the happy facul-
ty of making friends wherever he
goes.
Bile has to; he owes all the old
ones.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23

A wheelbarrow load of manure
spread around the roots of tree may
be the means of saving its life.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23
Can Be Remedied,

"Mr. Billyuns, your peerless daugh-
ter"
Now don't throw that up to her.
I can buy her a peer any day"
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23

Millions of particular women now use
and recommend Red Cross Ball Blue. ALI
grocers. Adv.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23
pallv jrhoucht.

\ Hast thou friend. visit him often,
thorns ana brushwood obstruct the
road which no one treads. -EasterR
ProYerh
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23
Not the Same.

Full crew" did not mean today
what the same words meant Is or 30
years go.-Dallas News.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23

There may be plenty Of room at the
top, but the rent is always steep.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23
Defined.

Harry-Paw, what is a henpecked
husband?
Paw-A man whose nerve is in his
Wife's name.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23

Some people do odd things in trying
to get even.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-09-23

There is always q good demand for
good fruit.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-04-08

king physical valuations of the prop
critics of the Washington Water Power
company.
Mrs. William E. Borah is expected in
Moscow soon. She is at present at 1 Is
Angeles to which point she accompan
led a congressional party. Shortly
after reaching here she will return to
California to visit the expositions and
will be accompanied on the trip by
her mother, Mrs. William j. McCon-
nell.
The Annual School meeting and
Election in School District No. near
Viola will be held at one o'clock Mon
day afternoon, April 10, 1915. The
meeting is for the purpose of selecting
a Judge and Clerk, and to determine
whether or not the question of a spe
cial tax shall be voted upon at the
Election; to determine the amount to
be raised by special tax, to decide up
on the length of school term to be vO-
ted upon, and to transact such other
business pertaining to school interests
as may come before the meeting.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-04-08
American Press
The Real Friend Of
The Plain People
By RICHARD J. BEAMISH. Directing
Editor Of the Philadelphia Press

NEXT to free ballot free
IN press has done more than
any other thing to bring the
United States to its present posi-
ton among the nations of the world.
LET ME OUTLINE TO YOU
WHAT THE AMERICAN NEWS
PAPER MEANS TO. YOU AND
TO YOUR FAMILIES.
The newspapers of America are
made on honor s3g
The American newspaper is the
real friend of the plain citizen. In
the days to come it will be more
than ever the servant of the people.
IN TIMES PAST IT HAS BEEN
THE SHIELD AND SWORD OF
FREEDOM. YOU AND YOUR Chill.
DREN ARE TO FEEL ITS EVER
GROWING eENEFicENT iNFLu-
ENcE. LET NE URGE you ALL
TO BECOME DAILY READERS OF
IT'S COLUMNS.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-04-08

The city is now engaged in doing its
share in the spring cleanup work.
Teams are engaged now in hauling
debris and refuse from alleys and
streets in all parts of the city and will
continue carrying the stuff away as
long as it is in sight.
Mr.. and Mrs. H. H. Miller of Boise
were arrivals in Moscow last evening
on a brief visit They left for Spokane
today. Mr.. Miller is auditor for the
Idaho public utilities commission and
expects to remain in Spokane for se---
eral months in charge of the Idaho
force engaged in the joint state of
and Idaho commissions ma
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-04-08
BRIEF LOCAL NEWS

G. c. French of Elk River is in thu
city.
Miss Clara Manson of Viola is Wis
iting friends in Moscow.
Deputy Sheriff John Hall has return
ed from an official trip to the north
part of the county
G. A. Marshall of Spokane. travelling
agent for the Tri-State Farmers Union
Warehouse company, was in the city
today.
w. J. Mcconnell delivered a lecture
on Social Obligations" before the Tri-
Mu society at the home of DR.. Rae last
evening.
James j. Keane, assistant deputy
fish and game warden, returned yes
terday from trip to the northern
part of the state.
The study department of the Histor-
ical club will meet at the home of
Mrs. McMartin on Howard stree.
Friday afternoon at 2:30.
Eighth grade examinations are being
held in various parts of Latah county
today. Miss Dryden is directing the
examination at the county building
Printed POnipC nf tho
laws passed by the thirteenth session
of the legislature have been received
in Moscow copy having reached the
StarMirror from Boise today.
The Ladies of the First North Luth- |
eran Church, corner Of Sixth and JEFF
ferson streets, will have a social gath
ering in the basement of the church,
1870 Friday evening, April 9th.
Mr.. and Mrs. Joel L. Priest of Boise.
who arrived in Moscow last night for
a brief visit with their son, A. J.
Priest, who is at the university and
c. E. Arney of Spokane, who reached
Aeie last evening, ali lell lor SPOKANE
at noon today,
Fred c. MCGOWAN was an arrival in
the city last evening from Deary and
is now arranging to move to Moscow
to make this city his home. Mr.. Nc |
Gowan has accepted position with the
Idaho National Harvester company as
its general sales agent.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-04-08
CORNWALL
Sam oswald is papering the churc

Sam Oswalt is papering the church
here.
Mase Vandevanter was in Moscow
| Monday on business.
w. Mondy and granddaughter re,
turned to their home in Oregon Mon
day after a pleasant visit with rel
atives and friends here.
Mrs. M. McGarvy who has been very
sick is reported better
Roy Shaw moved his well drill from
Mr.. Cunningham's place to Moscow to
drill for Mr.. King. Mr.. Shaw was
successful in removing. a set of drill
tools from Mr.. Cunningham we'll
The tools had been stuck in the mire
for nearly two years. Mr. Shaw state
that in short time after getting to
work he had the tools to the surface
which means much to Mr.. Cunning
ham who has been hauling water foi
some distance.
Bert Vandevanter and the Misses
Birdie and Ona Vandevanter attended
the ball game at Aspendale Sunday.
I Mr.. Tyson of Moscow was mere yes
terday removing phone for Mr.. Van
devanter.
w. D. McGregor and daughter. Miss
Mary, closed very successful seven
term of school here Friday
and returned to their home at Troy.
Mr.. McGregor and daughter made |
many friends here who regret to see
hem leave. The best wishes of par
,nts and pupils go with them
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-04-08
SHOULD NOT FEEL DISCOURAGED

So many people troubled with in
digestion and constipation have been
Tablets that no one should feel dis
couraged who has not given them a
trial. They contain no pepsin or
other digestive ferments but strength
en- the stomach and enable it to per
form it's functions naturally. For
sale by the Owl Drug Store. A
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-04-08
CgAMBERLAIN'S COUGH REMEDY

From small beginning the sale and
use of this remedy has extended to all
parts of the United States and to
many foreign countries. When you
have need of such medicine give
Chamberlain's Cough Remedy a trial
and you will understand why it has
become SO popular for coughs, colds
and Group. For sale by the Owl Drug
Store. A
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-04-08
ILLINOIS PLAYS VANDERBILT

By the United Press Associations.
NASHVILLE, Tenn, Apr 8.-The
University of Illinois nine today plays
Vanderbilt University on the formers
southern spring tour
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-04-08
It's M0ney
Vel
Spent.!
BY MOSS.

It's far better to spend
$50 or 1000 in ad-
vertising in this news
paper and make more net
profit than it is to spend
nothing for advertising
and make less net profit.
Out Of every ten men
who succeed nine do so
by liberal publicity. The
tenth man is usually a
freak exception.
Consistent advertising
keeps you even with or
ahead Of your competitor.
Most of our merchants
are quick to realize that
the best reading element
in this communicable
people who buy most
take this paper and read
the advertisements there
in contained.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-04-08
JOSEPH LETTER

The man who lost millions In an
attempt to corner wheat several years
ago was star witness at the recent
inquiry in New York into the In
creased cost Of bread. Mr.. Letter told
why, in his opinion, tho cost Of wheat
had risen since the war began.
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-04-08


u
California of
al al
and
to
limit av never been
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-04-08
AID FOR POLISH WAR VICTIMS

By the United Press Associations
NEW YORK, Apr. s. - To secure
funds for war relief work in Poland,
the American Polish Relief committee
will hold a ball tonight at the Hotel
Biltmore. Another pageant is planned
next week.
FOR THE STAR.MIRROR