davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1915-11-14

their harmful influence without check
or control This disease, when found
in man. is known as malignant pestuie,
malignant carbuncle, wool sorters dis
ease and other names.
sheep, horses and cattle are the ami
mails most susceptible to this disease.
of which there are three types-the
apoplectic. when the animal dies very
suddenly. the acute, without external
swellings, when death occurs after a
couple of days of high fever and great
suffering. and the subacute type. 1t
takes seven days to establish the lat
ter type, the fever is very high, tumors
appear externally, hemorrhages are
found in most parts of the body. the
organisms abound in all parts of the
carcass.
This subacute form is the most
commonly met and is the only one
which responds favorably to treatment
Death ensues so quickly in the other
two forms that attempts to cure them
are of little value, although they may
be averted by proper preventive meas
ures if taken in good season.
era sS-eating animals are very SuS
ceptible to anthrax, the flesh eaters
much less so, while the eaters of both
are about midway between the two
Birds of prey. possibly due to inherited
conditions, are said to be immune.
Dogs and cats are less susceptible than
cattle and horses, a very fortunate fact
for mankind, but when they do con-
tract this disease the symptoms are
what might be eNpected-sweiling of
the throat. difficulty in swallowing.
vomiting, profuse bloody diarrhea, high
fever and death.
In 1913. the historians say, a scourge
fell upon all the land of southern Eu-
rope, the evil one sending a mighty
Evening star., 1915-11-14

known as an enthusiastic motorist. He
went to France last spring, joining the
American Ambulance Corps upon his
arrival in Paris. His home in WASH
ington is at 18th street and jefferson
place.
One of the ways in which the present
war differs n ON the great wars of the
past is the role played by the rail-
roads
France has an advantage in the num-
erous lines rad:ating from Paris to d
hundred points around the arc of her
battle front The wounded. to mention
them only, are brought in by rail
man wounded, say. at o'clock this
morning at Tahure. may be comforta-
bly, bedded in a Paris hospital at
o'clock this evening. Such is the Ideal.
1t often happens.
But there is another side to the medal.
Recently l was in the private office of
DR.. Edward eros of San Francisco and
Paris. Gros and his wife, who was Miss
Norah Patton of Curwensville, Pa. have
given an ambulance car. During the
conversation he was called up on the
telephone about the wounded coming in
at La Chapelle station, Parin.
What? The trains are late. the men
arriving thirsty, and no cups to give
them drinks? All right. Two hundred?
Yes, I'll buy them. Pardon, > pm? The
train is eight hours late? Wen be
there"
Turning, he said
There's the trouble. Trains get side
tracked for congested traffic, in some
section or another. Natural delays of
loading up Ire bad enough
The night before. young Hale of Bos-
ton, grandson of Edward Everett Hale;
young Haviland of the New York
Limoges porcelain firm, and Kurtz. the
Philadelphia bankers son. were waiting
with their ambulances until am. at La
Chapelle, and came back empty.
Harold Willis. the Boston architect,
was with them.
Even that is not the worst" said
Willis. The sad thing is to see trains
that must go on. 1t is impossible for
Paris to take all the wounded. Many
trains must continue on to the hospi-
tails of Brittany and the center The poor
fellows. in their hunks. look at us visit
fully. Each extra hour of railway is Il
danger to the wounded
He waved his hand, explanatory.
There's just one remedy. he said.
1t is the sanitary car. We're proud 1t
Evening star., 1915-11-14

twelve months, but this is not the
limit of the life of the spore
The anthrax bacillus is a vegetable
micro-orsa anism in form, cylindrical
or rodlike, and being, for a bacillus,
quite large. as it takes only from
$500 to 5000 of them, if placed end
to end, to make an inch; and side by
side not more than $4,000 can be put
in that space. These bacteria have the
power of indefinite multiplication and
in the body of infected animals they
produce death by their rapid reproduc-
ton and by producing substances Whicn
poison the body. In the blood they be-
come elongated, divide into two parts.
each new part becoming an organism.
which continues the process of multi
plica tion indefinitely.
Outside the body they multiply in a
different way when under conditions
favorable to growth. Spores appear
within the rods, and these are most
dangerous, for they are the baby
bacill and remain alive and capable
of termination for many years when
ever they find favora BILE conditions,
such, for instance a S a cut on the hand
of some unfortunate wool sorter. The
spores resist heat to a remarkab BILE de-
gree, that at least Il half-hours s
immersion in boiling water is neces-
sary to destroy them, while the bacilli
themselves show but little resistance
to heat or drying.
BacteriolOgistS find it easy to cultivate
these bacill in the laboratory, as they
give a luxuriant waving growth on po-
Evening star., 1915-11-14

tato, gelatin or other solid material. They
will not produce spores except in free
air or oxygen. and hence no spores are
born from the anthrax bacilli in the
bodies of animals dying from that disease.
This makes it very desirable that such
carca sses should be buried without being
opened. If they are so treated that the
organisms are exposed to the air they
will continue to multiply and speculate.
The form of bacillus is SO definite that
the scientific experts recognize 1t the mo-
ment 1t comes to their vision under the
microscope. All that is necessary to de-
termine absolutely whether the disease
is present in herd is examination of
a few drops of blood from the body of one
that has died, smeared upon piece of
clear glass. But any one who sends such
4 specimen should be careful, for If one
of the thousands of germs there gets loose
1t may mean death to some animal or a
spread of the infection.
The goal sought by searchers along the
line of agricultural interest Is the discov-
cry Of some means by which immunity
Evening star., 1915-11-14
Correspondence Of The Star.

Special Correspondence Of The star.
PARIS, November 5, 1915.
ENlHREE sons of prominent Ameri-
can families were resting hve
minutes in Paris.
q Archie Gwafmey of the New
York Cotton Exchange, Charley Free
born of the San Francisco landowning
family and Jack McFadden of the
Philadelphia Liverpool cotton house
sat on the terrace of the Cafe de la
paix Their Red Cross auto stood in
front.
Except that they were very straight
and clean groomcd. they appeared like
ordinary British army chaufeurs. in
their khaki. So a red-nosed ancient
Paris cabman judged them:
"slackers." he said. 10Y riding on
their pay
\ cafe waiter took him up.
You would not want their JOB. he
said They draw no pay. Be ashamed,
old package, They're American col
legisns. poor. but noble youths who
work for board and lodging in the
war.
II is a piquant fact that these rich
boys do work for board and lodging
--othsrwise they could not work; there
must be rules and regularity But as
they sat there. on that terrace. they
were. going to inspect one of their san
Itary railroad cars. brand-new cars
ready for their first trip-doubly their
ars, by gift and invention. The French
war department had invited them to
sec the results of their brains and
money.
Whereby hangs a tale of railroads.
And II you desire to get INTO the same
ass with young William A. Slater Of
Washington. d. c.: young Muir. son
md grandson of Philadelphia Jewelry
manufacturers: young Dahlgren. grand
son of the admiral and OF Joseph
Drexel. and many another scion of
prominent American family. send $3.50
10 the American Ambulance Hospital.
Lycee Pasteur. Boulevard 1nkermann,
Neuilly Seine, France, ito fit up u
sanitary for trains of wounded
and save at least fifty-two fun grown
men from death.
William A Slater, the Washington
boy who with other Americans in the
zone OF France has distinguished
himself in the invention and donation
Of these ambulance railroad cars. Is
Evening star., 1915-11-14

at need. Abdomen and head wounds
must be attended to at once. Why,
even pain can kill weakened man.
Last winter We saw such miserable
cases of gangrene that we all wanted
to do something. Gas gangrene, you
know-all swelled up with gas
! asked if it could come so rapidly.
It's all luck he answered. some
tletield before the stretcher-bearers
can pick them up. By the time they
are in the train their wound may be
three days old
| asked how many hours the train
takes.
Five. six, eight hours. twelve, tif-
teen hours to Paris: but many trains
don't stop at Paris-they continue
south or west Say anything between
five hours and five days. Mind you, Il
sanitary train don't mean the train is
sanitary 1t is full of fermentationS
and what not-so they have to disin-
feet it after each trip. There is just
one remedy. Our sanitary cars are
sanitary. Attach one to each train
of wounded
/ asked how many cars are needed.
u think that We said a hundred. Each
of US who has given a car receives
letter of thanks from the French
war department. and receipted and
itemized bills showing just what has
been spent on them. They also notify
you where your car is and invite you
to inspect it before it makes its first
trip. They put an American flag on
one end, a Red Cross on the other. and
Gift of So-andSo or any Inscription
your please in the middle. either in
English or French. They ask you
what you want"
You like the cars" l said.
II think they're perfect" said their
coinventor
=
1 saw a pitiful example at our Neuilly
Hospital.
The bandage room was all upset.
The Countess de Ballincourt Miss
Holbrook of New York; was weeping.
Mrs. Rummel, daughter of s. F. B.
Morse. inventor of the electric tele-
graph, was weeping.
Into the room tiptoed. all solemn,
DR.. Adele Gleason of Elmira. N. Y.
She's coming" said Miss Gleason.
They led in a poor old French peasant
woman. in rusty black She seemed
daZed. AT intervals she made a curious
gulping noise, but decent, not to trou-
Bile the ladies. She sat wretchedly, as
waiting. She was waiting-for her sons
funeral.
Evening star., 1915-11-14

women and children had .fallen,- when
the prayers of the people had overcome
the wrath of the offended spirit. Just
why the evil one should be veXed at all
this suffering is hard to see, but the
description by those historians OF the
manner of the death of those unfor-
tunate cattle and persons convinces the
ba acteriologist that they died of anthrax
and that the injection of proper
amounts of serum and the observance
of a strict quarantine would have been
quite sufficient to overcome the dls-
Measure of the evil one at much
earlier stage of the pitiless visitation
But with all our enlightenment In
more recent years the losses IN TINS
country alone have amounted on the
average to at least $4,000 animals an
nually.'
Anthrax is not, strictly speaking.
human disease, yet it is not rare among
certain classes such as cattlemen.
drovers, tanners, woolworkers and
others who deal with animal products,
Evening star., 1915-11-14

Just how this immunity is obtained
remains undetermined, but the attenu-
ated organism in the vaccine is able
to affect the tissues in such manner
that virulent organisms of the same
variety cannot thrive, and without the
rapid multiplication of these organ
isms within the animal tissues there
can be no disease.
The great Pasteur, in 1881, found that
subjecting vigorous culture of this
organism to a moderate heat for TWEEN
ty-four days would SO reduce its viru-
lence that cattle inoculated with 1t
able to resist infection from bacilli
of high degree of virulence. In the
Pasteur method, practiced largely and
successfully abroad. especially IN
France, second inoculation with
stronger vaccine, having been heated
only twelve days, is necessary. rms
has been found to afford immunity for
at least a year, but 1t has some dis
advantages. 1t loses its strength iIf a
short time after it's preparations; 1t re-
quires two landings of the animals;
the vaccination with it of herd where
anthrax has appeared is apt to induce
the disease by lowering the vitality of
the animal before the second inocula-
tion renders it immune.
Other Investigators, Sobernheim
among them, sought to make the cattle
immune by means of serum which
becomes effective very quickly. al
Evening star., 1915-11-14

If my uncle, z. w. Hopkins, out in San
Francisco, sees your story, he will give
one, / should worry"
The sanitary railroad car. as invented
by these American boys. is composed of
three rooms and straight, wide en-
frances, easy for stretcher- bearing. at
each extremity and in the middle.
The central compartment is an oper-
ating room, complete. On one side of it
is a pharmacy. On the other, kitchen.
for the preparation of hot drinks and
food for men in danger.
Being open at both ends, the car is,
naturally, connected with the rest of
the sanitary train. so that the wound
ed. such as need it, may be carried in
and out. from hunks to operating room
and back. no matter how fast the train
may be going.
"The idea" said MUIR Originated
with Clara Washington Lopp one day
while visiting the minister of war with
her husband. The Loops have given
three cars She was surprised that
four. ive six or even ten wounded men
should die on each incoming train. The
cause was inability to dress and oper-
ate pressing cases in their hunks, en-
route. They might easily be saved.
We're there an operating room on the
Was there nothing of the kind?" I
asked.
"They had tried to use dining room
cars" he said, but their entrance cor
stretchers-it was almost as dangerous
to tilt and twist the suffering men
through them as to leave them in their
hunks. On the other hand. the cars had
been loaned by the wagons-1its COM
pany on condition that they be not al
Government
furnish steel cars for US to try to fit
up"
The French government consented
gladly. Then came the devisins.
Tell about it. Jack" said Muir.
Young Jack McFadden. scion of the
cotton house of George H McFadden &
Bros. of Philadelphia, got red in the
face, grinned amiably, and remarked:
Il should worry"
You tell. Kipling."
Arthur Wellesley Kipling. who has
given one car, and his grandmother
Mrs. Shindler Wetmore of New York.
the present war, including the ravaging
of Belgium. in his book. The Shadow
of Glory" published in 1910: but he is
too modest to take credit for railway
invention.
In the end. nobody took credit.
I'VE all did it, and the ladies helped"
And those who could not give a car
outright collected money to fit four.
x
/ got Muir talking.
"A sanitary train" he said. "is COM
posed of 120 to $50 lying cases, the
Interesting wounded. When it is sit
ters there may be 400 We hear OF
nothing but 'sitters' and liers.' They
take these men at the railhead nearest
to the trenches and bring them to the
various hospitals of the rear If cared
for at once you prevent gangrene.
Unfortunately" he continued, there
are delays. Trains which do not have
our operating cars attached to them
arrive, always with three, five, eight
or ten deaths. as may be. Some men
have their wounds badly dressed. How
can they be improved in cramped
hunks on the train? Their comrades
cannot help them. and the surgeons
have no space or facilities to unbind.
sterilize and bind up fresh. or operate,
Evening star., 1915-11-14

was invented by the boys of the Amer
lean am mbulance.
| went to the American Ambulance
Hospital, at Neuilly.
THAT amazing institution, as Sena-
tor McConnell's son writes in the Out
look. is the most democratic mix-up IN
the world.
Using the same meal tickets are boys
of our richest families. walters of the
Cafe Lafayette. the chef of a 5th avenue
hotel, an ex-naitre d'hotel of Maxirn's
the's chaureur), a French count de-
scending from the crusades the's
cook) a nephew of Pierpont Morgan
Che shaves the wounded), the manager
of the Hotchkiss Company of France.
Winnie O'Connor, the jockey, and Fred
Bate of Detroit, European agent of
automobiles.
THE place is a palace Neuilly is the
richest commune of France. A month
before the / asked: What does
the richest commune do with it's
money!" In reply, they pointed to the
Neuilly High School, called the Lycee
Pasteur, then almost completed, vaster,
more magnificent and recalling in style
the Palace of Blois. Built for spot
cash." they said. Not cent of mort
gage" 1t is the hospital. 1t has not
been used yet as a school.
In ground floor corridor I read two
placards:
General order-AIl men on the Paris
section and returning from the field
not on definite leave, must report in the
guardroon at am. each day. for roll
call No man will be excused, except
for % illness, % having been on duty
with the ambuances after 2 am. the
previous night, or go for being on am
bulance work at the moment of roll
CT t.x. DIV
duty at all hours.
Meal tickets-the distribution Of
tickets takes place Sundays at II am.
at the Office of the controller. Every
member of the corps having the right
to meals must take his tickets (seven
lunches and seven dinpers). On arriv-
ing at the table it is obligatory to give
a ticket to the waiter. No meal will be
served without a ticket
AS 1 read. in piled the husky boys in
khaki, trained down, yet heavy, lean
Evening star., 1915-11-14
On Strateqy.

~ said at a dinner in Washington,
apropos of strategy:
The strategist must be very quick of
decision and very prompt 10 execute
what he decides. There must be moth
ing of Jiggers about the successful
strategist.
"a friend. you know, called on Jiegers
and found the man bending over a
shirt with a rapt. dreamy, perpleXed
look.
what's up?' the friend asked.
".Well.' said Jisgers, Pm in a quand-
ary. This shirt here is too dirty to
wear and not dirty enough to go to
the laundry, and ! can't make up my
mind what to do about it,"
Evening star., 1915-11-14

IMPAIRMENT Agriculture Has Answered Calls for Five Tubes of Precious Serum
- Death OcasinVlen Poison the Disease Re-
Enhom Chief the Division Animal Pathology Tells What Has
Discovered Concerning Discovered Early 1870
Evening star., 1915-11-14

\A7LA SLATER Joined Other Young Men the United
w Railroad Ambulance Wounded Modern
Ideal the Purpose Says Sterling g The Sunday Stars Correspondent
in Americans Work Harder France Than They Ever Worked
With Men Who Have
Evening star., 1915-11-14

faced. smooth shaved. with alterations
of horseplay and dignity, ciutterinS
into guardroom and a quantity of little
offices. The place is a warren.
asked for young Judd of Hawaii
Judd and his wife have given a sani-
tary car.
"Judds at Juilly," said heavyweight,
Evening star., 1915-11-14

plague first upon the cattle of the un-
righteous and then upon the people
who. in defiance of the evil one, ven-
tured near the bodies of the dead kline
until the full number of $4,000 men,
Evening star., 1915-11-14

may be conveyed to a large number Of
animals readily and at slight expense.
This is done by vaccination. Successful
vaccination consists in giving the animal
a sufficiently severe attack of the disease
Evening star., 1915-11-14

which is feared, to provide the body tis-
sues with such power of resistance that
no germs can be taken into the system in
fatal numbers and find lodgment and nur-
ture.
Evening star., 1915-11-14
OF NEW YORK

politely Juilly Hospital, sustained by
Mrs. Harry Payne Whitney, runs con-
jointly with the ambulanceS.
The heavyweight was George Free
born of San Francisco. Both he and his
brother Charley have given cars.
'Muhr's there. if you want to see
him." he said. Write the cars up. We
Evening star., 1915-11-14

Fortunately man is not as liable to
take these organisms into his system
with his food as cattle are, and the at
tack is usually less virulent when
they enter through abrasions in
the skin than when taken intern
ally. for they then gain an en-
trance into the system where they exert
Evening star., 1915-11-14

need a hundred. and we haven't fifty.
If my uncle, E. w. Hopkins, out in San
Francisco. sees your story, he will give
one, / should worry
Saturday news. (Watertown, S.D.) 19??-19??, 1915-02-04
wALLAcE.

Last Wednesdays evening 9 party OF
young folks gave a surprise to George
Groves. it being his birthday anniver-
sary. The evening was spent in play
ing games and dancing. The guests
left at an early hour wishing Mr..
Groves many happy returns Of the
day
Myrtle Ball spent Saturday and
Sunday with Minnie Morgan,
Mrs. G~oodspeed and son Dan Mes
bit and Ida KirAehy spent Sunday
at Nate Groves.
Mrs. j. Al. Groves entertained d
Mur1usrSuf friends and relatives from
Florence Sunday.
Miss Efie Campbell came up from
Watertown and spent Sunday with
home folks
Wiiiie NeshiE Myrtle Bal and
Minnie Morgan spent Sunday at the
EChet Wright home near Bradley.
Mr.. and Mrs. Clarke Morgan and
children returned home Tuesday
evening after visiting friends for sew.
eraI days near Henry
Elmer Dobson WAS caller at Nor
game Monday.
i TheMissss TITLE Iverson, Bernioe
Thoe and Ida Kirleby spent Wednes
Saturday news. (Watertown, S.D.) 19??-19??, 1915-02-04

AGAIN.
Mr.. and Mrs. Joe Purcell came
home Thursday from the live city
after visiting a week among friends
and relatives.
Mr.. and Mrs. James Rand and son.
Rex, visited at the r. G, Green home
"Wednesday evening.
Mrs. Cyril Murphy called at the
Cyril Murphy home the first of the
week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Joshua Purcell, Mr..
and Mrs. Perry Burk and family, Mr..
Linus Burk OF Chatfield, Mimi, called
upon Mr.. and Mrs. Joe Croft Sunday.
Mr.. Linus Burk Is a holt brother of
Mr.. Perry Burk.
In the afternoon the ladies OF the
three families called upon Mr.. and
Mrs. George Williams and the new
babe.
Mr.. Emery Wheelock. and family
visited at the store Tuesday.
DR.. d. o. Wheelock, who has been
Twisting at the e. ID. Wheelock home
has gone to Minneapolis to his alma
mater to take up post graduate work,
His wife expects to stay here with
Mr.. and Mrs. Wheelock until his re-
turn. Mr.. Wheelock states that near
/ Wiliiston. N. w, his home town,
there are veins of Ignite coal 20 feet
deep, and that IL this coal Ne exposed
TO the air very long it Will become
4 Stacked.
from our south side Assistant.
Mr.. aad Mrs. Sam Purcell visited
at the 6. II. Kogle home Monday.
Mrs. Kogle and two sons, Georgs
and Fred, are I'LL with rheumatism
MT. and Mrs. sam Purcell and son
Alexander, and Nh. and Mrs. PER-,
Burk ad son. Wesley. were visitors
a the Joe Croft home Monday even
ing.
Mrs. McFariand IS staying with ne
daughter, Mrs. George Williams
George Wailiams transacted tusi
ness fl Watertown Thursday hetwee'
Ilslrainss NH
Charles GIiddan made bushes
trip I'd Henry Tuesday Mrs Glia
den spent the day With Mrs. Rurk:
Mrs. sam Purcell went to The iis
city Tuesday and viii spend m
week visiting With relatlves ar
Perry Burk received 4 nd msasaa.
! telling Oh Tie sdaath 10y hiA fathsEAs
H II, Burk pf Chattleids MINI ~
and Mrs Rnrk and Joe GrosEsl1a
"Wednesday seeming forsasC batdead 4
attend the funeral #3ssS sS
sam Purcell 1a1saeted bushes
dlin WaterfoWn aThuradey ss8ss zESss
syri3 Murphy FlAltsda&sNst
Hss mother MfrSs Ann1 Falyey 4
Isa~f6fnnAakX 4AA SE49f95fhn%wn8 ksS
Saturday news. (Watertown, S.D.) 19??-19??, 1915-02-04
tiers, Mrs. Chesterfield and Mrs. Nicl
Olson Che uoS ~cnnnnnopin Nv ~


tiers, Mrs. Chesterfield and Mrs. Mich
olson. She al accompanied by the
former.
Rev. Mr.. Radcliffe of Florence, was
q Henry visitor between trains Mon
day.
Mrs. Elmer Anderson Of Clark.
visited over Sunday with her mother,
Mrs. Lawrentz.
Mrs. Kelton and son, John. tran
sacted business in Waterfowl We'd
nesday.
William Hilliard came home Tues
day from Florence, after few days
visit with friends.
Orville Hilliard left Monday night
for Canada after several weeks visit
atthe home of his parents.
Mrs. E. r.. Keyes was q passenger
to WATERFOWL Wednesday, morning.