The Benson signal., 1915-07-10
FARMERS UNION OFFICIALS
THINK RAILROADS ARE EN-
TITLED TO MORE REVENUE.
Products of PIow and Farmer Who
Lives at Home Should Be
Exempt From Increase.
By Peter Radford.
Lecturer National Farmers Union.

Inc recent aCJlOn OF the INTERSTATE
Commerce Commission in granting an
increase in freight rates in the eastern
classification of territory; the applica-
tion of the roads to state and inter-
state commissions for an increase IN
rates, and the utterances Of President
Wilson on the subject bring the farm
ers of this nation face to face with the
problem of an increase in freight
rates. 1t is the policy of the Farmers
Union to meet the issues affecting the
welfare of the farmers squarely and
we will do so in this instance.
The transportation facilities of the
United States are inadequate to eff
fectively meet the demands Of cop-
merce and particularly in the Sou
and West additional railway mileaa
is needed to accommodate the move
ment of farm products. If in the wis
dom of our Railroad Commissions an
increase id freight rates is necessary
to bring about an Improvement in our
transportation service, and an exten-
sion of our mileage, then an increase
should be granted, and the farmer is
willing to share such proportion of
the increase as justly belongs to him,
but we have some suggestions to make
as to the manner in which this in
crease shall be levied.
Rates Follow Lines of Least Resist.
ance.
The freight rates Of the nation have
been built up along lines of least re-
sistance. The merchant, the manu-
facturer, the minE}er miE}r The miller, the
lumbermaR and the cattleman have'
had their traffic bureaus thoroughly
organized and in many instances they
have pursued the railroad without
mercy and with the power of organ
lied tonnage they have hammered thd
life out of the rates and with unre
strained greed they have eaten thu
yitals out Of our transportation system II
and since we haye had railroad CON
missions, these interests, with ski
and cunning, are represented at ever
hearing in which their business
involved.
The farmer is seldom represented
at rate hearings, as his organizations
have never had the finances to en-
rloy counsel to develop his side of
the case and, as result, the products
of the plow bear an unequal burden
of the freight expense. A glance at
the freight tariffs abundantly proves
this assertion Cotton, the leading
agricultural product O. the South, al
ready bears the highest freight rate Of
any necessary commodity in COM
merce, and the rate on agricultural
products as a whole is out of pro
portion with that of the products of
the factory and the mine.
We offer no schedule of rates. but
hope the commission will be able to
give the railroad such an increase in
rates as is necessary without leFying
a further toll upon the produd is of
the plow. The instance seems tb pre-
sent an opportunity to the Railroad
Commissions to equalize the ra tes as
between agricultural and other classes
on staple farm products.
What Is Fair Rate?
We do not know what constitutes
basis for rate making and have never
heard of anyone who did claim to
know much about it, but if the pros
perity of the farm is factor to be
considered and the railroad commits
sion concludes that an increase in
rates is necessary, we would prefer
that it come to us through articles of
consumption on their journey from
the factory to the farm. We would,
for example, prefer that the rate on
hogs remain as at present and the
rate on meat bear the increase, for
any farmer can then avoid the burden
by raising his own meat, and a farm
er who will not try to raise his own
meat ought to be penalized. We
think the rate on coal and brick can
much better bear an increase than
the rate on cotton and hour We
would prefer that the rate on ploWs
remain the same, and machinery,
pianos and such articles as the poor
er farmer cannot hope to possess bear
the burden of increase.
The increase in rates should be so
arranged that the farmer who lives
at home will bear no part of the bur-
den, but let the farmer who boards
in other states and countries and
who feeds his stock in foreign lands,
pay the price of his folly.
Education is develb bping of the
mind. not a stuf1ing of the memory