davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
TEUTON POWER
HAS PASSED ZENITH
Initial Superiority i'm Men and
Munitions Now Gone, Says
Hilaire Belize.
MUST WIN SOON If EVER
Special correspondence TO THr SuN.

'Vf' VIZ V'ffNB'N'fV W " o'Ns
LONDON, Sept. 5.-The Germans and
their Austrian allies have put into the
field in the first year of the war l2.O00.-
900 equipped and organized men. repre-
senting 10 per cent. of their manhood.
and in order to hold the fronts which
they are defending now almost 5000. 900
men arc needed. Their losses represent
already more than 5000, 900 men.
These figures. prepared by Hilaire
Belloc, form the basis of the argument
advanced by that observer hat the time
limit of the Germans must soon come,
and that eventually the victory of the
Allies is assured. Mr.. Belloc will not
attempt to prophesy as TO the exact dura-
ton of the war. He Is convinced that
victory will not he obtained by anysingle
decision in the field. but by gradually
wearing down the enemies forces until
they reach a state in which. without
having lost any battle. they will still be
incapable Of resuming a strong offensive.
Mr.. Belize explained that numbers
form the basis of all military calcula-
tons. The numbers of properly armed
and organized men, he said. were the
fundamental. elementary factor in any
military judgment.
when the war began the numbers
both in munitions and men were such
that the enemy were rightly confident Of
immediate victory. They were as s to 8.
In munitions they were more like ? to 1.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
Parliament, Recovering, to
Take Up Budget, Pensions
and CONSUMPTION.
Snecial cable Dsspatch 10 TnE srN.

'H'''"f "'NpW''" W o'Ns
LONDON. Sept. l4.-Although TIE first
day Of the reopening Of Parliament
failed to produce important develop
ments there II no doubt that the session
will prove to he the most important
since the beginning OF the war. 1t Is
expected that vital questions will be
brought up within the next few days.
Members OF Parliament representing
ell parties are ind: ubtedly more anx-
iuus and %perturhed concerning The ma
tlont.l fortunes IN the war than ever
before and many are determined to
question the Government closely. The
chief matter to be dis ,ussed ard one
or which prompt action Is expected Is
compulsory service IN the army and In
the munitioa factories ard workshops
where other war material IL made.
TIE question OF the settlement Of
naval and military war pensions. which
the Government Hdrcitly sidct acked be-
fore Adjournment. must lie settled
quickly.
The GJNernmau; will introduce a bill
modifying the parliamcat acc In orde.
10 dispense VIII tie general election
at the end of this yea. This. 1t Is said,
will pass promptly. 1t H. mdei stool
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15

Special Cdbie Despatch 10 TmE SIS.
PETRoGRAp. via London, Sept, li.-Th,
following official statement was ISSUED
by the Russian War office Tonight
In the region Of orany, as far as
the region OF kosowo, the enemy con
tlnued his cautious advance eastward.
South OF Pima the enemy's cavalry
retired to the confluence of the rivers
Tourla and Pripiat,
In the Xwlzche region, at D%erazhno,
the Russians have crossed the Goryn
and captured an Austrian battalion.
The Russians advanced in the re-
gion west of klewan,
In the region west of Wishniewletz
we repulsed the enemy at Ridomei and
in the neIghborhood OF that place. The
enemy hurriedly retreated with great
loss. lie was driven out of Rostoka
village, The total number Of prisoners
to date during the recent fighting is
twenty officers and 1000 men.
Southwest OF Wysznewec we cap
'tured about li0 officers and $500 men
by "A counte attack In the neighbor-
hood of the villages Of Gontow and
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
ENEMY ~Bungied."

This was specially the case in NUM-
tionment for heavy artillery, with which
the enemy. and particularly the Austrian
service, had gambled. and ganbled
wisely. because heavy artillery turned
cut in the course of the war to be a
factor of the strongest kim in determin-
ing the element of success. The enemy
therefore had the enormous advantage
OF numbers. hut he bungled he lost the
battle OF the Marine, and from that mo-
ment 1t was certain that a decisive VIC
tory would never come to him In the first
part of the campaign"
Those anxious days-September 6 to
li-Mr. Belloc said. decided the fate Of
Europe. 1t was one of the fortunes Of
military history which was found most
difficult to explain. With his
superiority the enemy failed TO achieve
a decision In the west. upon which every
thing depended. There came a time when
the enemy losses and recruiting mad be-
come about equal to the Allies losses
and recruiting. At the present moment.
particularly II they included Italy. there
was a very large numerical superiority
on the Allies side. II was a superiority
which was In the nature of things des-
tined necessarily 10 grow. But in that
situation there was an exceptional fac
tor. which must he very carefully noted.
and upon which the whole of the present
phase of the war depended.
While the Allies had. as "A whole a
numerical superiority. the front was not
continuous. IL was discovered that
heavy munitionment was necessary in
an incidentally larger amount than had
been In the case previously. with the
result that a large Increase in the out
put Of such munitions became necessary
and Russia alone Of the Allies was not
in a position to keep up in the race.
She was an agricultural country. net
yet fully industrialized, or nearly so,
where IS the enemy were highly indus
trialized nations.
The enemy decided to attempt to
Obtain a decision on the eastern front,
Mr.. Belloc explained. The enemy did
not come out to make the Russians re-
tire. He had seized Kovno and other
places, but desired to get "A decision
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
ARTILLERY FIGHTING
IN WEST CONTINUES
Heavy Cannonading in Prog
ress in Many Parts Of
French Front.
MORE RAIDS BY FLIERS
Special Cabie DesDnfch 10 THE SITS

Special Cable DesDdfch 10 Tai SITS.
pARis. Sept. 1.-THE artillery fighting
which has been the marked feature OF
the conflict on the French front for
some time IL still the feature OF the
official reports. The region about Arras,
Champagne. the forest Of Apremont,
on the canal between the Alsne and the
Marine and along the western side OF
the Argonne are a few OF the districts
which have seen the most violent Of the
~cannonades OF the last twenty-four
hours.
In addition. the War ONCE
a boinbardment by French aviators OF
the railway station at B~ensdorf, a june
tlon near Morhange. and Of German bar
racks at Chatel. in the Argonne. and AZ
Langemarck, north OF Ypres.
The communique issued tonight was
as follows:
Artillery FIRE. always lively. con-
tinued about Arras, In the regions OF
Roye and Nouvron and m the front
Of Champagne. particularly near
Auberive. Souain and rerthes.
~Cannonading Of considerable vlo-
lence also Is reported In the forest or
Apremont. to the north Of Flirey and
in Lorraine In the region Of Timber
menil.
The communicate issued in the after
noon vas as follows:
There is continued activity to-day
on the part Of the artillery along the
front In Artois. To the south of the
River Somme. in the environs Of TIL
loloy = le = Cessier and Beuvraignes,
there has been an artillery lombard
ment OF particular violence In which
both sides participated.
Artillery fighting continues along
the canal from the Aisnc to tn. Marine
and near S%apigneul II Godat. in
Champagne. To the north OF the
amp OF Chalons and along the west
ern frontier OF the Argonne in the
forest OF Mortmare our batteries put
AN end to the fire Of the German
machine guns. and directed an effica-
cious fire upon certain salients of the
German line. The night passed quiet
ly on the remainder OF the front.
French aviators have b~ombarded
the railroad station AT the Junction
OF Bersdorf. near Morhange. as well
as the barracks of the enemy at Cha
tel, in the Argonne. and at LANCE
marck, to the north OF ipres.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
DIR. THWING's SON ENLISTS.
Harvard Graduate mt Oxford .OIn'
the British Army.

CLEVELAND. Ohio. Sept. II. - Frank
Thwing, son of DR.. Charles F. Thwing
president of the Western Reserve Uni
versity, who has been studying at OK
ford, England. where he was known as
the student poet has his
allegiance to the United States n has
enlisted as a Second Lieutenant in the
Fifth Lancers.
He Is stationed at Kildare, Ireland,
but hopes. he wrote his father, to get
into real action soon. He was gradu-
ated from Harvard in 1914 and went to
France to study IN Tours. Later he
went to oxford and was so stirred by
the sight of nearly 5000 students enlist
ing in the British army that he enlisted
also.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15

In rearguard actions to restrain tho
enemy's pressure our artillery sue
ceeded In developing a powerful fire
on the route OF the lines Wolkowysk-
Kartovzskai- Bereza. Toward the east
the enemy cautiously advanced. His
attempts to assume n more decided
offensive were resisted. and had no In
fiuence on the orderly. p~remeditated
retirement of our troops.
Between Kotshein and Pinsk the
general situation is unchanged. East
of the Drogotchine region there have
been only minor engagements
Southeast of the station of Sarny
our troops continue to hold the enemy,
who is endeavoring to advance. chiefly
along the Rivers Styr and Goryn. Fur
ther east. in the Kolki and Derazno
districts. the fighting is stubborn. West
of Rovno in the acknowledgements re-
gion. the Austrians are making unsuc-
cessful attacks,
In the Tarnopol district our troops,
under the enemy's hail OF artillery fire.
again made progress. taking prisoners
and machine guns. We drove back the
Germans, who are retiring to TIE north.
On the lower Sereth. In the Zalesz-
cayki district, the enemy attempted by
an attack to arrest our advance west
ward, but after a stubborn engage
ment n again beaten and overthrown.
Generally speaking. the Austro-Ger-
man effort is directed to maintaining
the appearance OF conducting offensive
operations which are costing them
losses utterly disproportionate to the
results achieved.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
UNA PLANS OPPOSED.
Cars Government Considers Ma
Jorit>'s IRA mne untimcIy.

~PErRoGRAD. Sept. 1.-THE Russian
Government considers the legislative
measures advocated by the new ma
jority in the Duma as untimely.
announcement to this effect from
semi official sources came simultane-
ously with the return OF Premier
Goremy kin from a visit to the front
where he conferred with the Car.
Discussion of changes in the Ministry
continues. The resignation of the Pee
mier has been rumored for some time
but there is a belief that he will hold
his post as long as he in persona grata
with the Emperor. NJ. Krivoshein, the
Minister of Agriculture. is urged by the
opposition as "A successor To NJ. Goremy.
kin,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
none INJURED ON SAINT ANNA
Hnih Much Dnm,gcd ny Blaze
Spy Way Have Shipped Bomb.

According to James Il, Elwell & Co
agents OF the Fabre Line, word was re-
ceived yesterday that the fire on the
SAINT Anra had been extinguished and
that no one was injured In the blaze,
which. badly damaged one hold of the
vessel. \ full report Ii expected from
Capt. Pavy when the ship reaches the
Azores to-day.
Although nothing definite Is known
~, the line officials believe that the fire
was the work OF German agents, and
have ordered a minute investigation.
Hold No. ., whore The fire started. con-
tained a large amount of baggage in
addition 10 shipments Of paraffine and
oil, and II is thought that some one In
tent on the destruction OF the SAINT Anna
might easily have put a time. bomb
aboard as baggage. knowing the infam.
mable condition Of the other goods stored
there.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
BATTLE IS RAGING
WITH RIGA AS THE PRIZE

u Skowec, We also have taken one
heavy gun, six light guns, twenty-siX
machine guns and much other booty.
In tialicia we are pursuing the re-
treating Germans TO the west from
The front OF the Scrcth River. ON
sunday We captured more than 200
men, thirty-fve officers and -four ma
chine guns in battles near Juzephowka
and Dzwiniacz.
From August 80 to September IL We
have taken more than 10000 Austro-
German prisoners.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
BRITISH LOSSES IN YEAR 3s1, s13
Number Killed Up TO august ~
announced at 1857.

LONDON, Sept. 1.-THE total of
British army casualties in the war up
TO August II was 39l, 913 officers and
men killed, wounded or missing. il was
officially announced In the House of
Commons to-day. Detailed figures
follow
Killed and died Of wounds. officers.
1865 other ranks. S0,922: wounded.
officers. 1913 other ranks. 24l.OS6 (;
missing, officers, l,50l other ranks,
80, 466.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
VIENNA GAINS.
II ussians Pushed Back In the Dub
uo-prNieI REGION.
Spec.aI cabIe Despatch 10 Tur s.,

Spec.dI 'dbie Despatch 10 THE SrN.
NIENNA. via London, Sept. l4,-Thc
following official statement with regard
IN the Russian theatre Of IA was given
out by the Austrian War Office to-
night:
The enemy attacked our front on
the Strypa. lie was driven back.
In Nolhynia fresh Russian troops
attacked several points of our front.
The enemy was pushed back neal
the Dubno-prviel sector with heavy
losses.
our forces in l.ithuania are cross
ing the Guurba plain in pursuit Of
the enemy.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
HONORS PEGOUD's MEMORY.
Aviator Gilbert S%ubscribes 500 to
Monument Fund.

Special cable Despatch 10 TuE SuN.
PARIS. Sept. li-k,ugene Gilbert. the
French aviator who escaped recently
from a Swiss detention camp and WAS
ordered to return to Switzerland by
the French Wal Office, has telegraphed
from Andermatt, where he has re-
sumed his internment. subscribing 800
francs s100) to the fund for "A monu-
ment TO the late Adolphe Pegoud, the
aviator.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
REVERE ME, SAYS KAISER.
Asks All CIerEymen to he Loyal 20
Ills House.

BERLIN. via Amsterdam, Sept. H.
The Kaiser In an address at the in
auguration of the new Archbishop of
Gnesen Is quoted as saying
You, as a good shepherd, should ros-
ter and support among the souls of the
y,Ir-yWrer TIE spirit OF reverence and
loyalty TO me and my house, harmonic
ing the Germans and Poles, and recon-
cling their existing differences"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
FRENCH ATTACK FAILS.
Germans REPORT Failure of \d-
vance ut Sapigneui.

>pecidl Cd6'e bt,Loi'' to Tnt sU>.
BERLIN. via London. sept. 1.-THE
following official re port. covering OPP
erations in the Western theatre OF the
war. was issued to-day
There were no important Incidents.
There have ben lively artillery ac-
tons. \ weak advance against the
b~lockhouses at S%apigneul was re-
pulsed.
Enemy ~aergoplsnes bombarded TrIer
,Treves. Rhenish Prussia, Moer-
chinguu G.orraine). and Donausch-
ingrn CBadenI. At the last named
point a passenger train Was fired upon
and a few persons were killed and
injured. one OF the enemy aero
planes was shot down.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
CHECK ITALIAN DRIVES.
Austrinps RcpuI,e Attacks. q
POpcna valley. Sn>s Vienna.

NptcI0T 'dbTe UespdfrI % Tnr SIN-
VIENNA, via London. Sept. 1.-THE
following official statement vita regard
To the operations against the Italians
was given out by the Austrian War
Office tonight:
Our artillery near PLAYA drove the
enemy from positions on a front OF
several kilometers. with heavy losses.
In Tyrof attacks against our posi-
tons In the Popena Valley and south
OF the Schluderbach. as well as in
the Tonale region. were repulsed.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
BRITISH LEGISLATORS
G TO TALK ON VAR
TO ASK PARLIAMENT
FOR Sl,25O.OOO 900

special Cable Despafck TO THr suN.
LONDON, Sept. 15.-The Daily Mail
says this morning that Premier
Asquith will ask in the House Of
Commons to-day for a further vote
OF credit amounting to $3.50, 900, 900
Cs1,250,O 00. 000), making IA total of
credits voted since the war began OF
Fl 1852. 900. 200 .s6,3lO. 900, OO0).
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
ENVOY TO VATICAN ON LEAVE.
British Foreign Onirc Questioned
About Recall Rumor.

NVfCIdT TUOIf VfSDNTCN 70 THE SIN-
LONDON, Sept. IA ruinOr was cur
rent in London to-day TO the effect that
Sir Henry Howard. the British envoy at
the Vatican. mad been recalled. In reply
To a question asked by THE SUNS cor
respondent the Foreign Office made the
following reply:
Sir Henry Howard recently returned
10 England on leave OF absence To-. a
short time
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
NORWAY PROTESTS TO BERLIN,
Official Complaint Follows sub
marines Hating Of shin,

CHRIsTIANIA, Sept. 1.-THE Nor
wegian Legation in Berlin has been in
structed to protest to the German Gov
rnmen against the halting OF the Nor
wegian vessel Bessheim by IA submarine
and the seizure OF "A British subject, WHO
VAS taken from the ship as II Prisoner.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15

that the l'fe OF parllamen, will be en-
tended "A full year longer II necessary.
Second only in Importance to the ques-
ton Of recruiting will be the question of
the budget. Drastic measures will b.
suggested by Chancellor Nckeuna, In.
Guiding "A big Increase in the income
tax and other changes intended to maxi
the measure more effective.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
PERSIAN REBELS GAINING.
Government Force Are Defeated
In SERIES Of Battles.

LoNpoN. Sept, lt,-Sedition In Persln
is assuming serious proportions. des.
patches from Teheran report. Tribes
men In a series OF engagements witt,
the Government forces have defeated
the latter and IA number OF Swedish Of
fcers who were in the service ha We been
killed.
French and British women mission
aries and the British and Russian colo
nies at lspahan have been forced to
leave for Teheran. Ispahan 10 said to
be In the control OF mons.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
FRENCH WAR BUDGET GROWS.
Appropriations Of Sligo. 900, 900
to he Asked for In ParIia ment.

PARIS. Sept. 1i-M. Ribot. Minister
OF Finance. will introduce a measure In
Parliament Thursday providing for APP
preparations of 6.lOO.0 900. 900 francs
81 LEO. 600. 00O). This will make a total
Of 2S.i?i,00 900 Cs5. 63S. 500, 000) in APP
preparations since August /. 1914.
The war expenditures Of France for
the last three months have averaged
$4,000. 900 a day.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
Air POST In French Cabinet.

PARIS, Sept. li-An Under Secretary
ship Of STATE for Aviation was created
by the abiuet to-day. The new post
was given to Rene BcSnard. who has
served as Minister ot Labor. Minister of
Colonies and Under Secretary Of ri
nance.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15

LONDON, Sept, IA steamship flying
the signals of the American COM
mittee for the relief OF Belgium has gone
ashore. Four OF the crew are missing.
The steamship was enormously reported
sunk yesterday.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
FRENCH SINK Z BOAT.
Destroyer >ccompIi>hcs Feat on
Entrance to ID rdnnciIcs.

PAas Sept. IA French torpedo
boat has sunk a German submarine OF
the entrance TO the pardanelles. accord
ing to an Athens despatch to the tour
nal. The Ministry OF Marine has not
confirmed the re port.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
continued from FIRST rage,

eastward "a far as the Orany district
there l. no change In the situation
ON the front OF Orany We have been
engaged In a fierce battle with the
enemy. who has been considerably re-
enforced In the region of Skidel and
further east. The enemy is developing
his attack east OF Skidcl.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
ny Dir. BELA sEkELI.

THE HAGUE, Aug. 30.-The British
Government has taken measures not 20
allow any more goods destined for Hol-
land to pass through England unless
consigned to the Netherlands Oversee
Trust. This same organization is recog-
nized also by the German Government,
which permits certain contraband goods
to be transported to Holland II ad-
dressed I'm care Of the ~. q. t. which
guarantees that no such goods VIII tlhu
their way into England. .
American captains Of industry ana
efficiency experts may draw lessons from
the admirable way In which this gigantic
enterprise was set going. AT first things
did not run very smoothly. There were
tremendous obstacles to overcome not
only from the mechanical s~tandpoin'
but also due to highly excited human
nature. Tn overzealous suspicious OF
both the British and the German GOV
ernments had placed so many diihcuities
i'm the way of the IN. q. T.. that Al
times II was feared it could not accom-
plish its task successfully. Besides th''
intricate and delicate OF us
workings was not ready. but had TO ne
created while performing its functlo1'
But now it's machinery Is in pertect
working order and the suspicious OF th'
British and German Governments nave
given place to entire confidence IN the
honesty and reliability AS well as IN
the fairness of the management OF the
IN, q. T."
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-15
Queen NppoInted Him.

The executive head OF the y ~ l.
IS Mr.. Van Aalst. Hollands ablest imam
cicr and business organizer. lie IL pres
ldent OF the Netherland Trading Com
many. one OF the oldest and largest
Dutch banks. in which the Queen IS
a shareholder and whose president Is
appointed by her. by virtue OF "A speclal
royal privilege which the founder OF the
bank. King William l.. had reserved FOR
his successors. Mr.. Van Aalst Is also
president of practically all OF the I'M
portant special organizations created ny
the Government during the present crisis
in order to cope with the altered eco
nomic conditions.
In view of the important fact that
the ~. o. T. within the eight months
OF its existence has imported nearly
SIC O.OOO.OOO worth of foodstuffs n raw
materials from America | asked MI
Van Aalst to state for the enlightenment
OF the American public just what the
aims and purposes OF his organization
are.
..,yhen the war broke out" said NJ.
Van Aalst. the belligerent powers ac-
c.pted. with several restrictions. the
Declaration of London AZ he guiding
p~riuciplc Of their future line of condu' =,
and the list of absolute and conditional
contraband goods was drawn up on TINS
basis. Under the right Of search 'll
mercantile vessels could he detained and
searched for ~contraband, To be dealt
with in accordance with the rules oil
international law. In view OF the I'M
portance Of the Dutch oversee trade
Iabout $1,000 sea vessels enter the
Dutch ports every year, something haI
To be done in order to prevent unneces'
sary delay Of vessels. to reduce tht
difficulties which ;he various industrie,
depending upon the regular arrival ol
raw materials experienced and, mall,
10 assure the adequate supply OF food
stuns for home consumption as well d'
other articles OF c~ontraband.
'"The principal task of the y. q. T..
consists in acting as an absolutely re-
liable business organization TO whom
all c~ontraband imports intended for
home consumption or for export to
Dutch colonies or neutral countries ma.
be consigned. but in the case of good
wanted from helligerent countries,
whence these exports are not permitted
unless for neutral destination. the as
sistance of a., y. q. r can likewise