davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1915-03-18

tnfortiHed open and derencel.ss
towns. sucI as Scarborough. Yarmouth
and Whitby have heen del herately and
wan;unly bpmharded by German ships
of wa. causing IN some cases corsld.
"rabe loss ~ civilian NE ircluding
women and children
b. German aircraft have dropped
bombs on the east coast OF England.
whore there werc no military OF strate-
gic points TO be attacked ON the other
hand am aware Of hut two criticisms
that har" been made In British action
lu al these respects
'a) l. r. understood tat the British
naval authorities also have laid some
anchored mines on the hgn seas They
have dore 50, hut the mines We're an
rho'ed ana SO constructed that they
would he harmless If they went adrift
and no mines whatever NerC laid bv the
Br ttsn naval authorities tin many
weeks after the Germans hud made a
regular practice OF laying mines on the
high seas
tip II is Slid that the British Gov
eminent have departed from tn. view OF
international law which the, I'D pre-
Nious!N maintained, that ioudstgffs des-
un'd for the cN'l population should be
never interfered with, this charge hoiug
founded on the submission tn q prize
court of the cargo of the WIlhelmina
The considerations gn"ctinG this cargo
iv" already been presented IN 4 mem
"rhndum 10 'hp United states Govern
ment ana need not repeat them uere
The sun., 1915-03-18
BRITISH REPLY.

Third is the reply Of Great Britain.
The British Government accepts none
OF the suggestions, reiterating it's
OF Germany. This note also contains
what Is regarded as Enelands best
defence OF new blockade policy. a. fo'-
lows;
Tho American Ambassador At Lon
don TO the Secretary of state.
Telegram;
American Embassy
LONDON. March Is, 1915
Following is tho full text OF a memo
randum dated March l3. which Grey
handed me to-day;
on the 22d OF February last ! re-
ceived communication from your En-
cellency Of tho dentic note addressed
10 his Majesty's Government and to Ger.
many respecting an agreement on Ger
tain points as to the conduct OF the war
at sea. The reply OF the German GOV.
ernment 10 this note has been pub
lshed and IL Ia not Understood from
the reply that the German Government
are prepared to aba ndon the practice of
sinking British merchant vessels by sub
marines. and il is evident from their
reply that they will not abandon the
tho high seas as contrasted with the
us" of mines for defensive purposes only
within cannon range OF their own har-
bors as suggested by tho Government
OF the United States.
Statement Of Position.
This being so. II might appear un-
necessary for the British Government
10 mako any further reply than to tak.
note of the German answer We de-
sire. however, to take the opportunity Of
making a fuller statement OF the whole
position and OF our feeling with regard
to II We recognize with sympathy
the desire OF the Government OF the
United States to see the European war
conducted in accordance with the pre-
viously recognized rules Of international
law and the dictates of humanity. II
Is thus that the British forces have con-
Quoted the war and We are not awars
that these forces, either naval or mill
tary, have laid to their charge any i'm
proper proceedings either In the conduct
OF hosttlities or In the treatment Of
The sun., 1915-03-18
ascation Omitted.

The difference between the Anglo
French programme, as set forth in
their notes. and the regularly accepted
blockade is that they apparently in
tend To- operate on a longer radius than
is usual and that they are to omit con-
fscation.
Both France and Great Britain like
wise display a tendency to find a large
measure Of justification for their policy
in the alleged iniquitous character OF
the German operations. Great Britain
particularly, in replying TO the Ameri-
can Joint proposals to herself and Ger
many. INDUCES in a general indictment
of the German conduct of the war on
six or eight counts. maintaining at the
same time that the British have ad-
hercd scrupulously to the rules OF war
fare.
These haranRues. az they are regarded
here, will not he taken into cons idcra-
ton by the Administration. which re-
quires that the bellgerents deal with
the United states on the basis Of their
obligations 90 this Government and not
with regard TO what one OF the bellig-
erents may be doing to its enemies
The most extended and what is be-
lievcd to be the ablest defence OF the
Allies policy is contained in the Brit
ish reply to the American joint pro-
posals to Germany and Great Britain.
BY quoting from German preNedents
and German writer's the British establish
something OF a case in defence OF
policy OF cutting Off an enemy from his
supply OF foodstuffs. even II such
policy affects the civil population. Fur
thermore, II In said the Germans sank
two ships laden with foodstufrs con-
signed to unfortified ports in Great Brit
ain even before the Inauguration OF the
submarine programme.
Both Have Same Object.
The German submarine policy and the
Allies blockade policy both have the
same objective. the British declare that
NJ cutting on all supplies from the
enemy. the difference between the poll
cles being that we propose to attain
II without sacrificing neutral ships or
non-combatant lives or intiicting on neu-
trails the damage that must he -ntailed
when vessel and It's cargo are sunk
without notice. examination or trial
Though the correspondence regarding
the American joint proposals is regarded
row as a dead issue. one curious con-
flct OF statement was 1oted in the Brit
fish and German replR to the Cnited
The sun., 1915-03-18
nderipherahle)
Code Gables to French CoIopt~s.

The Western Union Telegraph Com
pi0y announces that the codes az
present available for messages 10 and
from France may he used in messages
TO and from French colonies
The sun., 1915-03-18
consequence Of blockade.

Iu'Snn h ~ tie st"ppags OF al. fuod-
siuits an admitted "uUs,uue,cc o.
hlookade. = IL Obvious tlat th~,a can
hr no universal rule based on ca, Sldesa-
tionS OF morality and 7umau.tv which i.
contrary to this practice. The right
10 stop foodstuffs destined for the c.Nil
population must therefore, in any case
he admitted II a. effective "cordo'" con
trolling Intercourse witA the cnen.y is
drawn announced and maintained More
over. Independently of rights arising
from hell.gerent action IN the nature of
blockade some other nations Offering
from the opinion OF the Government Of
the United states and Great Britain
have hcld that 10 stop the food Of the
civil population IL Il natura. and legit
mate method OF bringing pressure to
bear on an enemy country as z is upor
the defence OF Il hesieged town II is
also upheld on the authority Of both
Prince bismarck and Count CaDriv and
therefor" presumably is not repugnant
to German morality. Following are the
quotations from Prince bismarck and
Count Canr'vi or this point
The sun., 1915-03-18

States note. which officials here are
wholly unable to explain.
The United states asked both belliE-
erents to agree that neither would use
submarines to attack merchant vessels
of any nationality except to enforce the
right OF visit and search
The German Government replied that
the German Government would under.
take not to use their submarines to at
tack mercantles OF any flag except when
necessary to enforce the right OF visit
and search
In the British reply. however. II this
statement:
ut is not understood from the [Ger-
mani reply that the German Govern
ment Is prepared TO abandon the prac-
tice OF sinking British merchant vessels
by submarines"
Explained In part.
This was in part explained by ;he fact
that the German declaration is followed
by the statement that in case visit and
search should establish the enemy ma
tionality or the presence Of Contrahand
on board vessel. the submarines would
proceed in accordance with international
law.
This il Is understood. the British in
terpreted "a mean that British vessels
and neutrals carrying contraband would
I've sunk forthwith. under the rule that
such action is permitted II the captor
IL not in a position 20 take the captured
into port as is. of course, the case win
submarines.
Tn. general impression in Washing
ton is that the notes of Great Britain
ami France have succeeded in putting
tn. blockade. policy in a better lisht. Al
though this Government is not yet pre-
pared 10 accept all the features OF the
new polcy without Arm protest
The sun., 1915-03-18
FRENCH REPLY.

The French reply to the American
note OF inquiry gives an additional ex-
planation Of intended operatio
The Americas Ambassador at Paris
To- the Secretary or state.
Telegram:
American Embassy
PARis. March ~. 1915.
French Government replies as fol-
lows.
In letter dated March your ES-
,ellcncy was good enough to draw my
attention to the views of the Government
OF the United states regarding the re-
cent communications from the French
and British Governments concerning
restriction to he laid upon commerce
with Germany. According 10 your En-
collency's letter tho declaration made by
the allied Governments presents some
uncertainty as regards its application
concerning which the Government of the
Cuitei states desires to be enlightened
"a order y determine what attitude IL
should take
.N, the same time your Excelency
"ptited me that, waile granting the pos
-.hil ty OF using new methods of retail
alton against the new use to VIII ch sub
marines have been put. the Government
of the Cnitel states was somewhat APP
prehenslve that the allied bell lgerents
might or thor action is TO be construed
ts ConSt.tJt ng Il blockade capture IN
waters near America any ships which
might have escaped tine cruisers patrol
ling European waters In acknowledgi ng
receipt OF YOUR Excellency's comnuni-
cation. J have the hOnor to inform YOU
that the Government OF the republic
has rot failed 20 consider this pont a.
presented by the Government OF the
rnited States and beg to spccify
The sun., 1915-03-18

Proceeding from this view tho Ger
man Government have carefully exam
ined the suggestion OF tho American
The sun., 1915-03-18
Old Methods Discarded.

As well Set forth by the Federal Gov
ernment, the old merh ods of blockade
cannot be entirely adhered to in view Of
the use Germany has made OF her sub
marines and also 10y reason OF tho
geogra ph cal situation Of that country
IN arswe, 20 the challenge 10 the neu-
,rals. as well ~ to its own adver-
~arles, contained IN tho declaration by
which the German Imperial Government
stated . At it considered the seas sur
rounding Great Britain and the French
coast on the channel a. a military zone
and warned neutral vessels not 70 enter
the same on account OF the danger they
would run, th,. all! ed Governments have
been bliged 10 EXAMINE what measures
they could adopt 20 interrupt all marn.
t:m" Conmu'l. cation with the German
Empire and thus keep I hlockaded by
III" HHva, power of tho two allies, al
the same time. however. safegua riding
as much as possible the legitimate in
teres's of neutral powers and respecting
the laws Of humanity. which no crime
Of their enemy will induce them 10
violate
The Government OF IL. republic.
therefore. reserves TO itself the right OF
bringing into a French OF allied port
any ship carry ng cargo presumed 20
h~ of 'ierman or gin, destination or own
ership, but It will lot 60 to the length
of selling any neutral ship. except IN
case OF contraband The DISCHARGED
cargo shall not he confscated
In the event OF a neutral proving his
lawful ownership 81 merchandise des-
tined "a Germany he shall he entirely
free to dispose of same subject TO GER
tain conditions In case the owner OF
the goods j. a German they shall, simply
oe seauestrsted during the war
The sun., 1915-03-18
VIII Not tOnfiscat~.

Megcha ndise Of enemy origin shall
only be sequestrated when II is az tho
same time the property OF an enemy.
Merchandise belonging 70 neutrals shall
he held AT the disposal OF its owner to
he returned 20 the port OF drrartur-
As your t,Nrellency will observe. these
meR sureS, while deprivirE the enemy OF
importan; resources, respect the rights
~ neutralS and will not in any wav
ieoparize private property. as even the
enemy owner vii. only suffer from the
suspension of the enjoyment Of his rights
during the term OF hostilities
Tive Government of the republic being
desirous "f allowing reu'rals every "a
ri.iE 10 oniorc" their claims .
give the prize court tan !adependent tri-
huuth cognizaure OF these questions
and III order 70 give the ueutrals as lit
tie trouble as possible il has specified
that the pri1" court shall give sentence
w.tNIu elch; 'avs, counting from the
dat" OF which the case shall have been
brought before II.
do not doubt. Nj Ambassador. that
the Federal Governments comparing on
the one hand the uuspea kat bic violence.
with which the German military Govern
mNNt threatens neutrals, the criminal
actions unknown IN maritime annals A.
ready p"~pr,ratel against neutral pr0u-
cr'v aNd ships and even against tho Ives
o' ntUtrHlS subjects or citizens and ON
'hc other hand tho measures adonted hy
IN" a,,icj Governments OF Franc. and
Great ifr.ttiu respecting tho laws OF hu-
rnarity and the rights Of individuals. v, II
readily perceive that the latter have not
"v"rstepped their strict rights as bel.ig-
ercn,s
Finally, am anxious to assure you
that Il is not and ii has never been tho
Intention Of the Government OF the re-
public 10 extend The action OF It's cruisers
against enemy merchandise beyond Eu-
ropean seas. the Mediterranean included
SHARP
. ndec cipher rahle)
New Britain herald., 1915-06-02
WAR ORDERS.

According to a story iii the Meriden Record of yesterday manufacturer from that city is complaining that Meriden is not getting it's snare of war orders He says: Hook at New Britain,2 and proves that the state is l. vast arsenal. As far as New Britain is concerned we are probably getting our share of war orders. The New York Herald of last Sunday told of the vast output of buckles from Ian ders, Frary & Clark However, the manufacturers here, for some reason, possibly because the stories are not so, refuse to confirm the reports that they are doing a big business in war material with the exception of the North & Judd officials, who have stated that they are running overtime to fill orders. The Record states: it Is said that before the end of the year 10000 persons in the Hardware City will be employed in the manufac- ture of munitions" and .Landers, i1fy cS OIdIh nave tpeeH 1puSy IIahihS buckles for soldiers uniforms
 Whether the Landers plant is doing q big business in buckles or not we do not know. The officials refuse to even talk to reporters. It is interesting to learn from outside sources however, that one of our factories is r1anufac- turing a line of goods that has been foreign to them so far. The buckle business at North & Judas might be 8 little heavier than that at Landers We have more proof of 1t.
New Britain herald., 1915-06-02
Still Another Party?
Bridgeport Telegram.

The mornings news conveys the in- formation that Amos und Clifford Pinchot and William Alien White have renounced T. R. and all his works. They propose the formation of new party to be composed of dis satisfied progressives ano dissatisfied socialists who are (to quote Amos Finchot) mot content with q program composed only of vague yearnings with no specific and immediate pro- gram attached thereto.''
 We predict for the ambitious Dan of the Pinchots an immediate and dire oblivion. There are still too many progressives who are faithful to the terets of the Big Bull Moose to per- init of any widespread defection to the .new-f1ung Pinchot banner. And as for the dissatisfied socialists while there may be such animals, long and arduous course of party discipline, as we'll as more than average familiar ity with history has taught them to keep their grievances inside the party. An invitation to join others is gem orally provocative of ribald laughter srd nothing more.
 The Messrs. Pinchot and White can join the socialist party ir they choose. but if they do they too will find that they most merge their own identity in that of the party and it is doubtful if such course will be to their liking.
New Britain herald., 1915-06-02
Blood That Won't Wash Of.
 lNou, Work Herald

Germany cannot conceive that this country regards her exploits in the submarine field as murderous piracy and mistakes the polite terms of the note of May 13 as merely friendly interchange. Her hands are dripping with American blood and yet it is coolly proposed from Berlin that we shall talk about it as if it were ques- ton of joint control of the Samoan Islands or the percentage of chemi- calls which we should allow in inn ported fertilizer.
 There never was period when pub lic' opinion in this country was so strong nor a time when 1t was under better control. The sense of great wrong which in general has been greatly intensified by the opera bouffe tone in the note from Berlin.
New Britain herald., 1915-06-02
Work of Education Board.
(Troy Times.)

CFrOy T1meS.)
 The general education board. which is incorporated by congress and whose purpose is ito promote education in the United States, without distinction of race, sex or creed, and especially to promote, systematize and make eff fective various forms of educational beneficence,' has made another dis tribution of the money at is disposal Among the gifts totaling S596,000, is one of $20O,000 to the Vassar college endowment fund, while another of $140,000 is appropriated for develop ing secondary and rural schools for both whites and blacks, this being in connection with state universities and departments of education in the south. The board is doing a great and very practical work in aid of in- creasing knowledge and assuring so- oial uplift, a1d that without stir or parade.
New Britain herald., 1915-06-02
Two Connecticut Hostages. (Waterbury American

Some propagandist organization, (we are not sure whether of peace or war, because the accompanying ex- r lanation and the envelope containing the enclosure have been lost) is send cut brief interviews with distinguished Connecticut citizens who have been mentioned as liable to seizure as hos tages when the German fleet bonn tards the Connecticut coast and forces are landed to push into the country and capture, ravage and destroy. Ore of these is ex-Governor Baldwin, who is quoted as saying: "I hope the United States and Germany, should they fail to settle any differences by diplomatic methods, will both be found true to their pledges in The Hague convention of 1907, to let them be decided by international commis- sions of inquiry and the permanent international court of arDitral justice, better known as The Hague Tribunal l regard discussion of probabilities of future war with a particular power as at present inopportune"
 We may be very sure that Cover nor Baldwin's anxiety for peace is not intensified by any apprehension for his own persoal safety. We shouldn't a bit wonder if he looked upon capture
New Britain herald., 1915-06-02
WHAT OTHERS SAY
Views ou all sides of timely questions as discussed in ex- changes that come to Herald office.
Why Throw Brickbats at Russia?
{ Meriden Record.)


 When in doubt it seems the proper
 thing to throw verbal brlckoat at
 the Russians for not being aoie Io
 hold their dearly won v1ctories.
 With the memory of the Russo
 Japanese war still fresh in the mind it
 was easy not to expect much of what
 was loosely called the "hordes" of
 Russians whose unwieldiy movements
 were regarded as primitive In com
 rarison with the finished execution or
 the wonderful German war machlne. Then suddenly the Russians de- veloped strong offensive anu
 achieved several victories of tremen-
 dous proportions. Quite as suddehly
 most of, the ground gained was lose' and now the Germans are drlNlns
 against Przemysl with a fury which Eetokens success. @. -t
 From all appearances It is not lack ca numbers or lack of individual bravery which has placed the Rus sians again on the defensive. Man for man the Russian soldier is prob ably as brave and long enduring as .he soldiery of anw country in the world. Whether Russia has the gem f erals is a question which the trend or events would seem to answer in the negative. InaL the fSussidH loi SeS oi o rot sufficiently supplied with ammuni- tion has been indicated III dispatches. Probably to this, more than any one fa actor. is due the tremendous num- bers of prisoners taken and the ap- p;.rent inability to cope against the splendidly appointed German troops. II is said that the French and British have tended to criticise. the l lack of achievement, on the part of { tl,eir ally on whom they depended for | more assistance. Critisism of Russia bv the. allies is ill-timed. If she were l 10 do nothing more than what she has | already accomplished, she mas ren- dered services for which the allies are indebted for their present existence Had the Russians not held the Ger mans in the cast those tremendous armies of Von Hindenburg would have been available for the west and | clear sweep by th.- aa.ser's troops would have been possible. Were the Germans not now engaged with the 1 Russians many more troops would be available to combat Italy and to send l into Turkey. When the British and l the French have been hard pushed l the growl of the Bear has been sweet sound to their ears for it has meant | tl at they were being protected.
 Whatever lack Russia has shown, it l comes with poor grace from her allies 1 to comment upon it, for to her ability Ito hold off the enemy, or even in her surrender to them she has been a savior to the other nations involved.
New Britain herald., 1915-06-02
Red Cross in Mexico.
Bridgeport Post.)


 The distressing famine conditions Tn Mexico are set forth in startling form by the Red Cross in the state rnent from that organization of the " ork of relief which it has in hand there. This is the frs, entirely au- thentic account of great national affliction which threatens to become a national calamity.
 The exhaustion of food supplies is widespread. Locally, the conditions gre very bad At Vera Cruz. famine rules the capital city and the sur rounding country The day that no car arrives" declares the Red Cross report, "the town goes hungry. Some 250O women were collected at 1 in the morning to get in line for the dis tribution, which began at H. and standing in the sun so long, unable to move for fear of losing their places and their chance for a mere handful of corn, resulted in many cases of tainting from exhaustion some were i, jured, and on several occasions one or two have been killed
 When a boatload of corn was taken into Acapulco a few days ago, the rush of thespeople to get some of the grain was so great that children were trampled to death. In Mexico City, 100000 are reported as suffering from hunger. At one place when a mule died from starvation the people fell upon the carcass for food.
 This suffering for food Is not 4.00O miles distant across the ocean; it is at our hand: the sufferers are our next door neighbors across the boun- d.ry line Shall not they, too, be helped?
New Britain herald., 1915-06-02
BARKHAMsTED MURDER.

Barkhamsted (population 1,13O) a supposedly peaceful and law abiding community, has again jumped into the limelight with another murder to it's credit. It is but few months since the police had a nice little mystery to uncover up there and the case is at the present time in the courts. This time it looks as though the element of uncertainty is lacking as Wilbur Perry, at whose home the shooting occurred, has been taken prisoner and will probably be tried. He was found today, after an all night search, hiding in the hay in his own barn. From all that can be g1eaned Perry shot Charles Dunham, at whose home he and Jerry Doolan had been holding little drinking bout. Ac- cording to the morning reports, Doolan is responsible for the story that the trio had been drinking and has also said that the fight started over basket of potatoes.
 Perry practically admits that he did the shooting but claims that it was through an accident.
 The case is liable to De an interest ing orie when it comes up for trial owing to the conflicting stories of the witness and the accused. Both of them were drunk, according to the witness, and it should be an easy matter for an accom- plished lawyer to so tangle up either one that there will be no testimony or importance. The state will have little trouble proving it's case.