davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1915-11-14

arctic wilderness to be traversed. and
before that was travelled they had
passed Fort Selkirk, Five Finger
rapids, Miles canyon, White Horse
rapids and Tagish post, and travelled
the frozen breasts of Lakes LIE Barge,
Marsh and Lindemann, names which
are today familiar to thousands OF
klondikers. They reached Skagway
February "a. on the seyenty-eighth day
out from Rampant During this period
they had travelled fifty-two days.
The wreck of the Morgan City oc-
CURED the second day of the following
September. The big transport, with
500 recruits aboard, was making the
run from Kobe to Nagasaki, on the
voyage to Manila. when she piled up on
the nose of Onomichi Island, in the Sea
of Japan, just before o'clock. With
the reef for the time being stopping
the hole which had been torn in the
transports bow, Maj. Castner. still a
lieutenant and in command, would not
permit the ships officers to send the
ship astern until after 6 o'clock. Then
the water rose steadily in the hold.
from four feet to fourteen feet, and IL
was seen that the transport was doom
ed. While the recruits We're being
gotten off the lieutenant remained on
the sinking ship seeing that provisions
were gotten oversize and stopping loot
Evening star., 1915-11-14

shooting birds on the wing. He is a
native of New Jersey and did not go
through 'the Point" having been ap-
pointed from civil life by President
Harrison.
Mai. Cashiers experiences on the
outer rim of things began when vol
unteers were called for under the gen
eral orders of March 16, 1898, to
Join three exploring expeditions 10
Alaska The third expedition to which
the major, then a lieutenant, was as
signed was charged with the duty Of
exploring from Port Wells, Prince VIII
liam sound, Alaska, north eastward for
routes toward Copper and .Suitna. rivers,
and from Cooks inlet northward TO map
the most direct trail from tidewater
to the crossings of the Tannana river,
in the direction OF the Yukon between
Forty-Mile creek and Circle City. The
latter half of this problem in explora-
ton fell to the lot of Maj. Castner.
But the real hardships of the work
did not begin until he had spent many
weeks along the coast, penetrating the
bifurcations OF Cooks inlet, particular
ly the Turna gain arm, where the rise
of the tide varies from thirty to forty
feet, at ebb leaving vast stretches of
mud fats. which at food can be navi-
gated by ocean steamships There the
tide changes with tremendous velocity
and frequently returns as a bore or
Evening star., 1915-11-14

Of what remained of their rags had been
burned from them as they dozed in ex-
haustion. The majors notes continue:
Our mental condit on was unsettled
One of us added 10 the brain storms by
having a very fault finding disposition.
We took turns at going slightly demented.
Fortunately all of us were not crazy at
the same time. Each morning found US
weaker, fewer rags about us and our
hurts more painful. 1t showed for sew
eral nights, covering the bundles of rags
which lay near me by the campfire and
which represented all that was left Of
Prlvates Bitch and McGregor. We were
too cold to sleep much at night. but got
u little rest at noon each day when the
sun was highest
Finally in the last stages of starva-
tion, the little party stumbled upon a
camp of Indians. where they rested for
many weeks, repairing the ravages of
starvation and the wounds of the trail.
Those few Indian cabins, with their
caches of food, stood very near tho spot
Evening star., 1915-11-14

III November. 1859, the event was
marked by the passage of a feet of
sixty-eight yachts. The marine pro-
cession was headed by the yacht
LAiele, with the beautiful Empress
Eugenia on board. Franz Josef, tn n
the young Emperor of Austria Hun
gary. and the Crown Prince Of Prussia,
Were other distinguished members OF
the party. England had no such rep
resentation of royalty.
The absence of British royalty, when
other European royalty was so fury
represented. was merely historical
incident of a historic event
Though British statesmen had op-
posed the construction of the canal,
British manufacturers and Brit sh
shipowners quickly realized the new
trading territory which it opened up.
British imperial policy also underwent
a swift change. and at Constantinople
and elsewhere in the near east British
interests in matters affecting the canal
We're aggressively asserted.
From Palmerston's efforts to thwart
the construction of the canal to Dis
Evening star., 1915-11-14

in her statecraft. aims at some sort
of an attack on Suez. but the German
general staff. even in carrying out ma :
tional policy, does not undertake wild
military expeditions. Constantinople e
is a considerable distance from Suez,
too, and German troops on the Asia tic
mainland would have a long march
across the desert in order to reach the
waterway.
1t is possible. however. that the
troops of the allies might be fretted
by a movement of the Turkish army
under German direction.
When Turkey plunged into the war
she made several efforts to get control
of the canal and to invade Egypt, with
the double purpose of physical occupa-
ton and of melting religious war
on the part of the Egyptian Moham-
medanS These movements were not
conducted with much military skill.
The Turkish troops lacked auto trucks
and military automobiles which have
been used so effectively by the bel
ligerents in the western battle area.
The desert on either side of the canal
offers no obstruction to motor trans
portation. An American official at
Cairo few years ago won wager
by driving his machine across the
sands to SueZ in a given time. Military
autos and trucks under German direc-
ton undoubtedly could be used quite
effectively by the Turks in gett ng their
supplies forward yet these accessories
hardly VIII aHecl tHe BeHeTdl iHllitdiy y
situation. which renders the invasion
of Egypt a most serious problem.
*
A few months ago it was given Out
from Berlin, somewhat boastfully, that
Germany had no fears of a shortage in
cotton for next years campaign be-
cause. before the present supply was
exhausted, she would have control OF
Egypt's cotton crop. But Egyptian cot
ton still goes unchecked to England
and France. Renewed efforts of Turk
ish troops to seize the canal and invade
Egypt are not likely to change these
shipments, nor are the Turkish troops
Evening star., 1915-11-14
War Program and Englane1s Route to IrAG

CUEZ Cafal Possibly False Objective
- Of the Kaiser's Armies-Campaign
May Be Planned to Divert Forces Of the
Allies-Some Historic Changes in the Atti-
tude of European Nations "A Treaty
Signed Twenty-Five Years Ago-Early
Work on the Suez Canal and an Incident of
Its Opening-Gernans Do Not Plan Wild
Military Expeditions, and They May Not
Plan Long Trip Across Desert to Reach
Great Waterway.
Evening star., 1915-11-14

Napoleon l, when he had ceased to be
first consul and had become emperor,
sought to carry out this policy by his
Egyptian expedition The house which
Napoleon occupied at Suez was still
standing when the French, under Ma
poleon III. were actually building the
Suez canal But the battle of Aboukir,
which ended the dreams of domination
of Egypt and the east by Bonaparte, had
been fought sixty years before that
Twenty years before the French began
the construction of the canal the French
statesman Lamartine. surveying the near
east from a point of view not unfriendly
to England and TO British policy, said
England must accept a century of war
rather than surrender the keys OF Suez.
Egypt is Suez, Suez is India, India
is England
This has been the British imperial
viewpoint since Nelson's victory at Abou-
kir, yet British statesmen were not al
ways ready to accept the responsibility
which this imperial assumption required.
They were not prepared to encourage the
opening of a waterway which would avoid
the long route to India.
Rameses and his successors had not been
very successful in keeping open the chan-
mel which they cut between the Nile ana
Lake Tinissah some thirteen centuries pc
fore the Christian era, and the British
mind in the middle of the last century
had not got beyond the point of refect-
ing on the consequences of this failure.
Moreover, sailing ships beating through
the Red sea encountered adverse north
winds, and this was . reason for think
ing that the same adverse north winds
would prevent them from beating their
way through the canal if opened. Steam
navigation, apparently, was not thought
Of
Other motives may have animated Lord
Palmerston. who at that period controlled
the deStinies of the British empire. what
ever they were. the government OF which
he was the head intiexibly opposed the
efforts of de Lesseps to obtain English
support for the construction of the canal.
De Lesseps took the ground that England
would be the chief beneficiary, and would
control Il sea route which would I'M
nlea slrably strengthen her means of de-
Tending India.
While France, under Napoleon III, was
encouraging de Lesseps. but without any
of her old antagonism to England and
without any ambitious projects of donli-
nation in the near east, England was
systematically and effectively discourage
Evening star., 1915-11-14

the old ''sourdoughs, who pointed out
that during this month the days are
of the most intense darkness and the
heaviest snowfall.
!: ):
Steady travel for sixteen days
brought the major and his companion
to the camp of some woodchoppers,
forty miles south Of the arctic circle,
where they spent Christmas. Then
they set out again, Maj. Castner
"breaking traif' on snowshoes through
from three to five feet of fine, powdery
snow. with the thermometer co degrees
below zero.
January 5 they reached Circle City;
January 2s. Dawson City, after their
longest single days march of thirty
eight miles, and half of the journey
had been accomplished.
There remained 600 miles more Of
Evening star., 1915-11-14

N srantinople, is yet cloudy. 1t
Y 81 may be because Germany has
" not yet got to Constantinople,
or it may be that military movements
are meant to mask motives of state
craft For that reason inspired state
rnents from Berlin about what is to
happen are received with caution.
Suez and Englaud's route to India.
according TO some of these statements,
are the German objective. The relief
OF the Turks, the subjugation Of Egypt
and the invasion of India have been
featured as part of the program which
began with the invasion of Serbia.
Suez undoubtedly is in the vision of
the German strategists, but most like
Il only as a means of divertIng the
forces of the allies. Yet the possl-
bilitv of Germany getting a foothoId
there is discussed with some show OF
real interest This would mean almost
as much to the kaiser as would the
possession of Coustantinople and the
opening of the Dardanelles to the czar
There is a treaty of Constantinople,
more than Il quarter OF century old'
which is supposed to guarantee the
neutrality of the Suez canal even TO
the point OF prohibiting the Shipping
of troops and munitions wlthln the
canal and its harbors and guaranteeing
the right of all belligsrents for the
free passage OF their warshipS BUT
there is no evidence that any OF the
belHgerents, particularly the allies, re-
gard il as anything more than scral
of paeer.
The Suez canal, in the European view,
is for the nation, or group OF nations,
which can occupy and hold it. regard
less of guarantees Of neutrality. lac
fact that England and France are now
occupying and holding il and that Ger
many may make feiut to seize II
calls attention TO the readjustment of
European alliances which is constantly
taking place. Time was when 1t was
France that England feared, and the
Anglo-Fren rivalry was the leading
play on the European chesSboard. II
was in April, 1875, that the French di-
rectory proclaimed that the policy OF
France was to drive out the English
from the east, to destroy their stations
In the Red sea and to dominate Syria,
Arabia and the valley OF the Euphrates
Evening star., 1915-11-14
How LONG?

~ ON. LIVINGSTON BEECkMAN OF
VI Rhode Island said at a Newport
luncheon:
Business morality won't be right till
it har,nonizes absolutely with the mo-
rality of church and home.
"A millionaire whose name was in all
the papers for a franchise grab he had
Just pulled eff returned home to find
his little son In tears. The boy had
been whipped for a raid on the jam
closet.
Papa he said. bitterly, as he liupsd
about the room with his hand on the
sore place, papa. how long'Il 1t be be-
fore l stop gettiu' licked for stealin'
and get banauets given to me for H..
like you dog"
Evening star., 1915-11-14

territory, across the then almost unex-
plored and hostile Cagayan valley.
Although on this march skirmishes,
engagements and attempted ambus-
CadeS were of frequent occurrence, and
he lost many men, he completed the
hike with 100 lean. brown fighters,
drawn from every tribe in the terri
tory over which he had passed: and iii
spite of the fact that he was constantly
under fire. he bears the record of being
the only scout officer of the early Luzon
days who escaped without even II
wound.
such are the high-lights in the rec
ord of the man who today. detailed
from the regular army, occupies the
post of adjutant general of the District
of Columbia National Guard, Maj. Jo-
seph c. Castner.
The new adjutant general of the en-
rolled militia of the District was never
a "swivel-chair soldier Tall above
the average, with chest that bulges
like the side of a barrel. yet slim
waisted and lean of limb. one cannot
talk long with him without realizing
that his experiences in the outlands of
the world have been the result of the
man himself. rather than the man be-
ing the result of the experiences. Still
the days he has spent on the long
trails of the arctic and in the hostile
sections of the Philippines have taken
their will of him. Within three short
years he was successively starved al
most TO death. for months on end fay
ed, frosted and scurvied by the bitter
northand, or baked by the heat of the
tropics and burned to leanness by
jungle fever. Yet today, perhaps us
the only visible token those years left
upon him, he wears in the corners of
his eyes a multitude of the little
wrinkles which come to men who have
gazed TOO long over great expanses on
land and sea.
Next to breaking trail through some
wilderness where white man has
never been before, Maj. Castner enj VS.
nothing SO much as hunting. althoue h
big game curiously enough has no
charm for him. His favorite sport is
Evening star., 1915-11-14

wall of water from two to ten feet h gh,
which has capsZed many boats and
drowned many miners. The water ia Is
so rapidly that a boat will ground fire.
quently. and in a few moments be left
high and dry. If it's crew seek safety IN
flight, the shore is not easy to reach
because Of the qutcksands.
BY early August, 1898, four months
after the work started, Maj. CaStner and
a small party found themselves well up
on tha Copper river plateau Behind
them lay weeks Of the hardest of trails,
made under the most heartbreaking con-
ditons through virgin forests, covering
dreary SUGGESTIONS of ridges from 200 to
500 feet high, with marshes and lakes
and tundra meadows between, while
swarns of blood-letting mosquitoes preyed
upon them night and day. They had
mapped hundreds of miles of new coun-
try, naming the principal localities, such
as Boulder creek. Sheep camp and Lake
Adah, now known as Lake Louise. And
if the ordinary hardships of the trail
were not enough, there had been mutiny
among the men, some Of whom declared
they would stop the advance into so
hostile a country even if they had to
throw the pack mules over the cliff.
BY that time, with winter drawing
perilously near and clad only in well
worn and ragged summer garments,
the little company found themselves in
L land where the Indians had never
seen a horse or mule before. and who
refused to hire out as packers. The
provisions of the expedition were very
low, the ammunition for their rifles was
badly deteriorated. Yet they faced
the pass in the Alaskan Alps which
they had been fighting to obtain and
which they hoped. how vainly they
were to learn, would lead them to Cir
Gle City.
August 80, at Maj. Cestner's own re-
quest, he. in command Of Privates
McGreSor and Bitch of the 14th In
fantry, with two mules and twenty
days rations, were ordered to con-
tnue on to Circle City, while the re-
mainder Of the party turned back. And
Evening star., 1915-11-14


IS\ given UP for dead. he pushed
& x his way through 1900 miles of
Alaskan and Canadian wilderness TO
bring outside the results of his eX-
plorations in waste. places where the
feet of white men had never pressed.
and to prevent other men who would
come after from risking their lives ON
the authority of maps which he knew
were fatally at fault.
Living sometimes upon the flesh of a
Slaughtered pack mule. varied by an
occasional wolf ard a few frozen cram
berries, he had crossed the Chugach
range and the Alaskan Alps. Striking
inland through the terra incognita"
which lay III the path OF a proposed
trail from the coast to Circle City in
the days before the Tannana country
destined shortly after to see the great
gold rush which pat Fairbanks on the
map-was opened to the adventures
of the north, he had held on in spite of
hardship, peril, hostile tribes and the
obstacles placed in his path by un-
friendly traders
A year later. in the early fall of
1909. while quartermaster of the ILL.,
fated transport the Morgan City. with
recruits for the Philippines. he was
shipwrecked in the Sea of Japan.
Escaping the perils of the sea he was
charged with the duty Of organizing
the Philippine Tagalog Scouts. and
from u nucleus OF seven little brown
brothers" he built up this branch of
The service, known loves Scouts.
A few weeks later he led his little
command. then numbering thirty-fiye,
out from Manila on the trail of the
elusive Aguinaido. 1t was the longest
continuous march Of the early Philip
pine campaigns. 1t ended 300 miles
away at Aparri on the northerumost
point Of Luzou. after lie had Ia ken his
forces. the first troops to traverse that
Evening star., 1915-11-14

which interviewed between the spo,
where the raft had been wrecked and al
that the wolves and ravens had left of the
mortal remains of Gen. Weyler," or
which the men were now depend ng, was
covered through icy Swamps and ovel
rough rocks, and when they reached the
carcass of the mule they found I would
give them no more nourishment than sc
much chewing gum.
Covered with sores and living on rose
apples and frozen cranberries. with an
occasional draft of boiled river water,
they made their way down river. Most
Evening star., 1915-11-14

ing him through powerful opposition of
the Palmerston government.
The actual construction OF the Suez
canal, it may be recalled. was during
the period from 1859 to 1859. Napol. on
III himself visited the work during its
progress. A Cotenporaneous history
of the construction of the canal. writ
ten by two F'renchmen who We're
identified with it, gives some facts of
interest even at the present day. The
steam shovels which We're so potent in
digging the Panama waterway were
unknown then. The cylinders and
wheels for the dredees had to be
dragged across the sandy wastes by
camels. Fresh water was obtained by
digging a fresh water canal from the
Nile.
When the canal was formally opened
Evening star., 1915-11-14

National Guard With One Companion Travelled 1900
IVA Canadian WdmesAt the Flesh Slaughtered
Become Well
Rush-aj Also Organized Philippine Iaga ScoutNew
Genera o aNevera" "Su1vel Chair Soldier"
Evening star., 1915-11-14

ing, which had begun, working CHA
deep IN the water until noon, when the
rising tide drove him to seek the safe
ty of the shore
Evening star., 1915-11-14

raeli's bold stroke in affirming Eng
lands superior interests by the outright
purchase of nearly half the shares of
the canal company. was a stretch of
less than twenty years. The shares
bought cost the British government a
little less than 500 100000. The Roths-
cHilds, who advanced the funds. charged
212 per cent commission. SO that the
transaction netted them approximately
100000.
The value of the Suez canal shares a
few years ago was estimated at more
than 100000 900. and Englands share
was equal to nearly s100,000.000. The
profit on the investment purely from
the business standpoint, therefore, was
extremely satisfactory. but the value
of the canal as an international politi-
cal asset and as a means of imperial
defense for India cannot be measured
in dollars.
1t is not improbable that Germany,
Evening star., 1915-11-14
BY CHARLES M. PEPPER.

ERMANY'S program, after Con-
stantinople, is yet cloudy 1t
may be because Germany has
not yet got to Constantinople
Evening star., 1915-11-14

FOOT and with but one COM
panion, after having been
given up for dead. he pushed
his way through 1900 miles of
Evening star., 1915-11-14

ing him through powerful opposition
the Palmerston government.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-09

| Open High Low. Clos. Net
Ing. est. est. ing. Change.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-09
THE CURB MARKET.
weak rouc Due Largely To UraNy
selling Pressure.

A decdr,ily weak tone was displayed in tbs
outside market yesterday. duo ltr.rly to tlc
heavy >cllii. rr, ssure. Marine stocks Opened
weak, recovered irouml noon. when they be.
came struus. hut TOW ar,I tic close the com.
mon stock sold down to i(s opening figure,
while the preferred showed a loss of " points
an tho dag. NidNal. Steel also proved TO he
4 weak SPOT When 1t sold down to 70 III the
early trading II later r,Ealir,l some OF its
earlN los hut toward TIN close sold As low
a. so. OH ", points from tbo opening. Cana
diar Car And Foundry move Ell down % and the
preferred .
some al tho less prominent irdi.,rial.
showed loss OF from a fraction TO a whole
point.
On Tia" statement ut President y. = Clark
Of the KathodIuu Bronze work. that the
company has received orders for 1000. 90
stems for automobile tires. to br delivered IN
the next tNc years, the preferred stock sold
NJ to ~. an Increase of 3ia points on the
day. Manhattan Transit sold ~ | Tis. Steel
Company OF Canada advanced III points. Car.
bon steel . and Submarine Boat -. Guam.
'anariu Su-ir gained "A point with vcU little
trading IN that Issue.
Motor stocks ncrc weak. Chalmers de
descended ! point as did Chandler. Chevrolet
Motor moved OF . poiuts and Peerless Mo.
tor -.
Mining shares were i~rrg,lar. ON tho dowA
ward side 'Crro n. Tascu led with a drop of .
points on the day while the others moved w
anu down fra"tlorallN. Butte Copper and
Iln" r,sporG"J to recent excellent reports
from I'll" ntIU' VITA sales to o., = new hI-h
anu an advance oil = POINT from the opening.
Bonds we're fairly active and irnI. ~ were
oils
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-09

Total sales to-day, 500 500 shares. Same day l9l4. Exchange closed
Where u C." follows a quotation It indicates a old or offer for 10 sharsa
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-09

The coffee market save evidence 81 . IN
uudrrtonc during the first iitr' o. '.S '
and carry prices wDTt unbalanced 80 60 4.
adv aIce from saturday House, v4'l ,.tl
ENrlrnsc cuuttc,fIo II wcrr lar hg,,-. "
and there was also moo, raj. hll.u- Fr I
was thought 10 tc tor Europr Irul.s'
luuEs seemed disposed To- liaulddic. uuNt. .
and A. the day aGN s.,ll iI, U4t-..f
NtlOIeu an easier tu's. clp-tlr -, ufI
net losses of , TO T. pulu'- Int. sla,
for the ,liy were .lsH hn.t l~.- ..
tercsts sold quite freely ana the 'l.f 'a..
most a.! the sClliu- iuT sunu tIlr ut- . :
OF this character Will. tno hy.. ,
been LARGELY for oui-id" aruou'f .u. .'
some operators 10 take - less liNu. 4pr '
ot the technical position. Liberal -.... ,
from Brazil 10 fUrupc. hnWt. .t 4.
tendency to sustain 'uund"g,, OF. s
especially a. offers IN tn 'u-' tl.
market were firm ana practical ....a.
from the huai II Last W",h St.-.
: We're offered at g. 70 'u-t and .l...
haNlu- sold At "'r l.uuduu ,r. .
santos l. wprr herr, a s., a., .
- to ,,1 American crpU.I- ...
liable from Brazil r~ri'uI'au . .
g'.- IN the RIO WiriSri uu So
santos remained unbalanced. H. O.
change On London wd~ ~itt
l. - sd. Thr local spot uI.
t"iiNe. hut steady. WITH Re e. a.t..
and santos e. N 49,. I'.,r- FOIL
ntIt, tn. 1 ..