Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-31

their next calls that the data have been
| arranged in practically the desired
form.
| What this means in lessening the
| work and expense Of the annual census
is shown strtkingly in the case of Pitts.
! burgh. Under the old classification OF
receipts and expenditures employed by
the municipality 1t required Ave or six
months for the census bureaus statis-
tician to secure the desired tnforma :
ton. Now. since Pittsburgh has adopt.
the bureau. the necessary data are Sc
cured In a few weeks. In cities In
which the federal scheme is followed In
all details the usual work is OF course.
wholly eliminated, and 1t Is then neces-
sary only to copy the report Of the
city's fiscal official.
In the ultimate result of this move
ment the census officials see triumph
all the municipalities have come to use
| the federal forms the present expen-
| sive annual census Of cities Will no
longer be necessary. The same result
more accurately merely by combining
| the Individual reports made by the
cities, This, the census officials point
| out, will release Its funds and experts
| for important work in other fields.
X
While tens o: thousands Of schools for
the m1lllOnS OF CniluTen VI LILO SooASA
have been getting under
, Canal Zone way under state and coun-
ty and private auspices.
0cAoo1S. tho federal government
has been setting in operation schools Of
Its own in the Panama Canal Zone
Though the number of adults in the strip
Of territory Is decreasing rapidly, owing
to the diminishing need. with the prac-
teal completion of the canal, for labor
ers and engineers, the children, for some
unexplained reason, have actually grown
more numerous. The police census.
taken few months ago, credited the
zone with 1,s45 children, as compared
| with only 1873 the year before. Al! Of
these children over five and one-halI
years old are admitted to the schools
| free, and in addition the same privileges
are extended to children OF American
citizens. employees Of any of the Ameri-
! can government serv ces, who live In the
! territory of the republic of Panama
| The pupils this year are being cared
for in nine schools for white and four for
colored children. Two Of the white
schools have high school as well as the
elementary grades, but the highest grade
in the negro schools is the eighth
The schools are scattered throughout
the Canal Zone, but the federal govern
ment is doing more than the consol dated
schools in some progressive rural districts
of this country that furnish wagons, ana
is providing railroad transportation to
and from school to all the Canal zone
pupils. At the beginning OF the school
year the announcement Of school train
schedules was studied with as much in
terest by pupils and students as was the
table of school hours.
Spanish is one Of the important studies
In the zone schools and was placed In
| the grades lower than high school for
the first time last year with excellent
results II has been found that even
the young children acquire speaking
knowledge of the language rapidly since
they have an opportunity to famil arize
themselves with idioms among the SPAN
ish- speaking natives. Because OF the
excellent facilities for the children. not
to know Spanish-Americans and to I'M
derstand their ways, educational officials
of the government schools N the Canai
Zone believe these unique educational
institutions will prove to be vaiuap,s
factor in bringing the United States ana
Latin America closer together.
~
Now that Jack Frost has tired Of his
summer home beyond the Canadian
border, and is southwark
Studying bound again. his coming In
each community Is being
E1osts. heralded by the weather
bureau. Also his actual schedule is be-
ing carefully tabulated after he puts
in an appearance, SO that his move
ments may be anticipated even more
accurately in the future.
Already the governments weather
detectives have Swallowed frost many
times during its seasonal invasions and
retreats, and know pretty we'll what to
expect of 1t. They have found for one
thing that practically no spot In con-
tinental United States Is wholly FROST
free, but that In three regions the de-
structive drop in temperature occurs
at such rare intervals as to be almost
a curiosity These areas are the south
ern quarter Of Florida, a strip of the
Colorado River valley extending about
100 miles north from the Mexican Dor
der and stretch of the Pacific coast
of California from Los Angeles to san
Diego Several small areas of land just
outside of continental United States. it
has been found, are wholly free from
attacks of frost, but their limited ex-
tent makes them unimportant. These
are the keys off the southern coast
of Florida and Santa Catalina and it's
tiny neighboring islands off the coast
OF southern California.
On the other hand it has been found
that, leaving out Of consideration tall
are several inhabited areas in the west
where frost may occur any month in
the year. One such area is the western
quarter of Wyoming, south of Yellow
stone National Park. Another such
region embraces portion OF southern
Oregon and northern California. The
latter state, therefore, Is the only one
which has both frost-free areas and
areas in which frost is present prac-
| tically throughout the year.
Frost, the weather bureau has found,
has much the same movements each
year In the portion OF the country
east of the Rockies 1t puts in it's ap-
pearance in Montana and North Da-
kota on the average early in Septem-
Der. BY the middle of the month 1t
| has advanced In this region to South
Dakota and has appeared also In Maine.
BY October. frost has advanced In the
| west to eastern Colorado. Nebraska
and Iowa, but Is held to slow progress
in the east by the great lakes. One
has been beaten down. and the frost
| front stretches from near Ell Paso.
Tex. across Oklahoma and Arkansas.
through northern Mississippi. Alabama.
Georgia and South Carolina, and turns
northward to near the southern tip Of
Delaware. The remainder Of the south
| ern march Is slower, and 1t is Deem
| Der 20 before the farthest advance is
| registered along the gulf coast and
across the lower end of Florida.
The northern movement of the frost
| line begins In February in southern
Texas and southern Florida and goes
| steadily forward until late May in the
| east and early June in North Dakota
1