davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-10

When women. have taken charge Of
our work W. have found them just
as effective as men. and In many In.
stances more so. In our campaign, cs-
pecially in the South. the cooperation
OF. the women's clubs is simply invalu-
able. This is true elsewhere, hut par
tiCularly in the South, where there Is
such a male apathy
Down AT the Bureau of Municlpa!
Research 7 found DIR. Samuel McCuIc
Lindsay, who 10y his quiet methods has
had great influence on constructive
legislation in this country. He is pro-
fessor OF. social legislation at Colrm-
bia University. but IL Is not mere
theory that he gives his students, lie
brings To the classroom the experience
of a busy. practical man whose every
day Is filled with committee meetings
and consultations on important polit-.
ical and social matters.
He too. Considers women a vital fac
tor In the new order of statear1aish!p.
when a bill affecting the welfare Of
thousands Is the verge o. destruc-
ton at the Hands of. a prejudiced and
Indifferent committee OF TIE LcCisl1-
ture. it is then that m do the,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-10

ease extends uver the entire country
and numbers hundreds Of women
among its State and local secretaries.
There seems to he a question in the
minds of many men," began DIR.
Jacobs. whether womcn are likely to
contribute more than occasional. tenn
porary effort to the long. hard job of
running the government. My expert
ence has not made me ubiou on this
point. Women have always done their
share Of the worlds 'drudgery. Any
woman who is a good housekecper-
and there are millions Of them-knows
you have to he 'everlastingly at it. I
find persistence one Of the chief char
acteristics OF u women secretaries.
whether they are salaried or unsal-
aired. They plug along year after
wear, doing cheerfully the routine that
brings no personal glory. doing COM
mittee work. building up mailing lists.
folding and addressing pamphlets and
writing thousands OF letters just as
business men do.
II have found women effective ~
lobbyists. Indeed. much Of the work
Of our association consists in securing
enabling legislation for the building
and maintenance OF hospitals and
sanatoria. We have eleven Of our
most important positions - that Of
State secretary-flled by women. and
all Of them have done successful leg
islative work.
Miss Edith l.. NJ. Tate. executive
secretary Of the California association,
Is n type Of the effective lobbyist |
have found among women Indeed,
she is one Of the best lobbyists In the
country. Miss Tate is personally a
very attractive young woman-dark.
rather handsome. well dressed, pos
sesscd Of unusual personal magnetism
and social address. and endowed with
a capacity for organizing hundreds Of
details.
she went Ia California last October
TO become secretary. While there was
a bureau on tuberculosis in the State
Board Of Health. want of funds re-
duced them To ~fgureheads. Local con-
ditions were ever worse. Most of the
counties had no provision for the care
of tuberculosis patients. Their officers
not only felt no social necessity OF car
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-10
HOW OLD is MAMMOTH CAVE

ton by the streams Of water which
have flowed through them for ages.
These last are the most numerous
and most important In size, and it is
to his class that Mammoth Cave be-
longs.
As most people know. the ave is in
E.dmonson county, Kentucky. about
elghty-hye miles southwest OF Louis
vile, and not far from Green River.
into which the caves subterranean
waters empty. This section Of Ken
lucky. where may be found limestone
beds frequently reaching a thickness
of 500 feet, is noted for its rocky
grottocs. sink holes and caVerns. The
rocks in the vicinity OF Mammoth
Cave give evidence of but little dis
turbanve by the dynamic forces OF
past ages.
From n geological viewpoint Nam
moth Cave is Of comparatively recent
origin, its formation having begun
something less han 1000 900 years
agu in the Iliocene age. The cave
action began after Green River had
cut its channel down into the lime
stone stratum which underlies th.S
section. The rain water. with its car
bOuic acid content, seepcd through
the everything earth and passing into
and through the crevic-s and joints or
the stone. at that time above the level
uf the river, began the work Of solu-
tion and erosion,
These underground waters gathered
along the planes of least Resistance,
and as the rrevicrs grew in size more
and more Of the surface water was
drained into them, and as Green River
cut its bed deeper into the limestone
underlay the cave waters kept pace
with the process until what had once
been mere subterranean rills grew
into that remarkable underground
stream known as Echo River, which
now flows through the lowest levels Of
the RAY and empties into Green River.
During the ages 1t has been at work
/; has left behind it the twisted, tor
tuous passagcways and large galleries
ard chambers which form this
mightiest e all known caverns. The
ave first came into prominence dur
ing the war Of 1872, when tho United
States Government needed nitrate to
make powder. some of the large en-
trance chambers Of the cave had
formed the winter habitations of
myriadS of bats for many ages, and
as n consequence the soil had become
converted into guano beds with q
large nitrate content. .\s n result the
ave became a nitrate mine, whence
much ~ the powder supply for the
young nation was obtained.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-10

most effective work have SEEM said
Dr. Lindsay. THE committee mem
bers may have been accustomed to Sit
ting around, smoking. laughing and
Joking. when such n Is dis
Cussed. Other men do not 'ake them
seriously. But the women d., and me
effect is good.
Women visualize the far reaching
effects OF child labor laws. shorter
ours for women workers. social in
surance. educational legislation. health
and sanitation and all that type OF
legislation termed social far more
easily. 1t seems. than men. BY the in
tcnsity Of their interest md the moral
force Of their presence they dignity
the proceedings when they attend leg
islative hearings As a result commit
tees are loath to go behind closed
doors and take action they would not
hesitate To take where men are con
cerned.
"Once at Washington I saw a Con-
gressional committee practically stam-
peeled by women. A social leader in
Washington who has one Of the larg-
est and most beautiful homes in the
.'city invited to it the wives of the most
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-10

ing for the poor h succumbed to his
plague. hut they didn't even like To
recognize the presence of this disease
in a state with such a reputation for
health and %salubrity. Altogether the
thusiasm.
Nevertheless. Miss Tate began a
vigorous campaign FOR enabling legis-
lation to secure county hospitals that
could not draw from the state 81 a
week for each patient unless the hos
pitfalls came up to a certain sta nda
OF efficiency. Soon Miss Tate had not
only to fight the hostile Element in the
Legislature but a lobby Of the League
for Medical Freedom. But she got
the bill through almost s~inglehandcd.
when the bill came up for Gov.
Johnson to sign. such pressure was
brought TO bear upon him that he was
not at all anxious to sign II. His
policy became one of delay; hers one
Of persistence. Again she won: but to
get his signature she had fairly to
hold the pen in his hand and push II
across tho paper. As he frankly told
her. in Western fashion, II she hadn't
sat on his coattails for a month she
would never have got that a%ppropria-
ton of $50. 1000 for the State bureau and
$4,000 for subsidiaries. That is n leg
islative job Of which any man might
we'll be proud
DR.. Jacobs also inds women crea-
tive in their citizenship. conceiving
and organizing entirely new machin-
cry To meet State needs.
Such IA woman" he sal: lis Emily
Bissel. the Delaware secretary who
started the sale of Red Cross seals.
From the $4,000 she made the frs;
year the sales have grown to the $3.50
900 Of last year, INC to-day the print
ing press is turning ou' zoo 900 900
seals for this years sales
Another piece Of creative work Ia
the credit Of this live. vivacious woman
is The establishment in Delaware Of
the only State sanitarium for, tu'er-
culous negroes. So far. no other State
has provided for these poor people who
are ravaged by this disease and whose
condition is a menace to the COM
munity."
In conclusion DR.. Jacobs said
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-10

prominent men in official circles and
also the members of "a Congressional
committee popularity known as the
graveyard committee Its record was
dotted with the names of bills that
had been quietly buried. These women
were fearful Of the same fate for the
District Of Columbia child labor bill.
but they were determined that the
committee should know how
felt about this issue. that the nation
should look to the welfare of its chill
dren just as much as to the welfare
Of its live stock. But they did not
stop with the reception.
The next morning the committee
room began filing with women to the
amazement Of the few committeeman
who had put in their appearance and
to the utter distraction Of the clerk
who rushed wildly to and fro in search
Of chairs. When the chairman arrived
twenty minutes late he not only found
the handful Of members almost OBJ
scured in the crowded but had
difficulty in making his way through
the hall outside packed with
glad to stand II their presence would
count for anything. II did The COM
mittee pledged their support to a bill
that 1t Is very doubtful thes ever in
tended to read out Of committee.
one OF the most effective women |
have ever met In any sort Of public
work Is Mrs. Wollston Brown, presi-
dent If the International Child Welfare
League. She IL a daughter Of Robert
%lngerSoll and possesses much al his
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-10

store when Margaret Wilson came up
and asked Mrs. Brown. Would II help
II | were to go to the hearing to-
morrow" oh. could You 60" Mrs.
Brown asked her. She considered. On
the next days schedule were n music
lesson under a captious teacher. an
afternoon engagement and n dinner
party. "A list of engagements that
many young girls would never have
thought they could break. But the mex
morning saw her on the way to AL
bany.
she called on the Governors wife
and together they appeared at the
hearings. the Presidents daughter &C.
cupying the Speakers chair and the
Governors wife the visitors chair.
The result was hat not only in the
New York papers but from coas TO
coast the hearings on the much
needed industrial bills received a pub
licity and a reading they would not
otherwise have received"
When asked about the mistakes
that Nomen make in politics I found
Or. Lindsay's attitude an impartial
one.
THE mistakes that women make in
politics are the mistakes that both
men and women make" he replied
with a kindly smile. Like men. they
frequently act on too little informa-
ton. Again. like men. they are fire.
quently too impatient. Reform is n
slow matter. But in these respects I
do not think will fail us politi-
cally. for II should be remembered that
the semi-leisure Of women give them
more time to put into politics than
have their husbands and brothers"
DO you think that the immediate
effect OF suffrage will be to retard
progress?" I asked.
Even so. 1t IL desirable" replied DR..
Lindsay. THE educational effect upon
the citizens of the next generation will
be worth all the cost. do not be-
lieve, however. that there is any
strong reason to anticipate any APP
preciahle retardatiOn In progress from
anything that women viii do In their
apprenticeship in the work of govern
ment and legislation"
I'm the South women are the mos'
| vital State factor in securing socia'
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-10

nj, ..,t ~ tl.l
w " '"' " ~
iaSt summer the movement
for the protection of bird life
on LONE Island has taken on new
~
'N'" w '''
tauk '"lnt hran"h Gums are neins
formed. bird refugees and s~aurtuarics
are heiur created and ,the,. stcns are
being taken 10 mako the bird popul.-
rim uul,inlv aud rho ipsec, borde do
crease The membership or tho pom
oral cub now over 400. rcprcsen,s
over forty different communities.
I'm Brnoklyn the movement, has re-
suited i'm "a plan ON the ror, IL resi-
dents of prnspec, Park South to make
that "A bird sanctuary of
extensive, pr ,por,ions. Al Forest Hills
Gardens n class of bows under instrtic-
tjon in bird lore hy Louis Mct;,hie
has made some 300 nesting boxes
and placed them about the grounds
and also many feeding boxes so built
rhff the birds may he protected from
storm while obtaining their food.
Water for drinking and bathing has
also been plentifully provided in pools
bll lbl'lAdlIlS, lilfN' bflHS numerous
both in public SQUARES and small
parks and in private grounds. At
one point there Is a waterfall and pool
where the birds may drink or moisten
their wings in the spray. An excep-
t~iOnally picturesque and interesting
fountain or pool was added last sum
mer In Olivia Park. The presiding
genius of the fountain Is "A small nude
boy in plaster playing a pipe and the
water tumbles over the stones at his
feet down into a miniature lake, where
the birds may disport themselves az in
one of ~nature's Own sylvan retreats.
The park and poo! were ramcd in
compl!mcn. to Mrs. Margaret Olivia
Sage. widow of russell Sage, whose
kindness TO birds * well known and
who no, long ago purchased Marsh
Island Ia. I'm order IA convert IL into
"a bird sanctuary.
ono Of ,bo nrnhion,s relo,lng I, bird
,rot.c,ion il tbat of rnpulatinp tho
hohi,s = the cats so thar neither the
birds nov The feline tribe need he
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-10

<ibtV SNcI ole III tulS
country who ran read knows
something Of the Mammoth
Cave OF Kentucky. On the other
hand. there may be quite a number
who know very little about now this
and other similar caves were formed,
how old the Mammoth Cave probably
is, what service II performed for the
youthful Government OF the United
States during the war Of lSl2-these
and ariou other interesting features
connected with this greatest Of all
known caverns OF the world are
brought out in an article in the Sep
tember number of the Bulletin of the
-. G.
Prom time %immemorial," 10 quote
from the Bulletins article, caves have
been objects of interest to mankind.
Around them have clustered legend
and superstition. in them men have
found habitations of the living. ref
uges for the pursued. secret temples
for the practice of their religious rites,
ana mausoleums for their lead, In
ancient days they We're the abodes
Of sybils and nymphs Of Roman my
theology; In Greece they became the
temples FOR the Worship of Zeus, Pan,
D~ionysius and Pluto. as we'll as the
, homes of the oracles of Delphi. Cor
NTH and Mount Citheron; IN Persia
they were connected with the worship
of Mithras. and in more modern times
popular fancy in Europe peopled the
... ..G.l IT,
fairies and evil spirits galore"
hut after all, caves are but the
results of perfectly natural forces
working beneath the surface of the
earth just as they do upon its face.
and for the sake OF convenience may
he divided into three classes: lD
Thos, formed by the action OF cur
rents, the force Of waves and the
grinding of shingle against "a cliff ON
"A rocky seacOast. which forces grad
ually hollow our caves In the weaker
places, If which those found near
Bar llarlor, Me, may serve rs en-
amplos; 90 those found in volcanic
regions, formed by the subterranean
flow of lava, or by the expansion of
steam and gases, such as those in
the Klamath Lake region in Oregon,
: which are So large that they often
served as cffectual hiding places for
the indian in the early days of the
conquest of the West: and 90 those
which have been cut out Of calcarcOus
rocks by the chemical action u car
homie acid in rain water. combined
| with the mechanical friction Of the
sand and stones set in forcible mo-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-10

judge in n competition confined TO
young folks of Queens and Nassau
counties under Is.
OF curse the children are an i'm
portant class Ia deal with in an edu-
Catjonal way, and II Is proposed to
cur more education along nature
study lines n the schools and also
form auxiliary bird cubs in public
sChp Is. DIR. Cooley Of the department
of Education has been appointed
chairman Of an auxiliary committee
on this subject. Tho school children
may join the bird clubs as unit mem
hers, contributing To pay the dues
~ 81 for each school. The district
superintendent If Nassau and Suffolk
counties are associated with Or.
Cooley. The pupils will at once he
Instructed on such elementary matters
as winter feeding of birds. making
and placing f nesting and meeting
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-10

her interest in protecting tho birds
and had placed shelter houses i'm the
trees surrounding her brentwood
home, and she was asked to'act as
chairman in forming a brentwood
branch Of the club.
The recent fair Of the pucous-
Nassau Agricultural Society at Mine
ola was taken advantage Of - CirCu-
late pictures and literature about bird
protection. and the fair management
encouraged the movement by securing
prizes Tor the best examples of nesting
boxes. feeding boxes, Sc. ,Some of
these We're offered by the Matinnccock
Neiehborh, oil Association Of Locust
Valley. the National Association of
Audubon Societies. tho Maplcwond
Biological Laboratory AT stamford.
Conn. and various mn nufdrturers of
bird houses, Tn" wife If eN~-ConErcsS-
man Martin w Tittleton acted as
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-10

stay in communities and increase In
numbers, and this X particu arly what
those affiliated with these clubs pro-
pose to do, This work will he in part
educational. bringing out the economic
value of the birds, v~isitations Of in
sect pests during recent summers
having already impressed the lesson.
Tho formation Of the Bird Club Of
Long Island at q meeting at Col.
Rooscvclt'S residence. Sycamore Hill.
Oyster Bay. last summer was the
''gical ou'Comc of events. He was
chosen president, Mrs. Frederic W.
Townsend, .Ir,, secretary and Frederic
Delano Weekes treasurer, The meet
in2s uf tn" club have SO far been held
al Sagamorc Hill, But local branches
are being formed in different COM
munities, For instance. t was known
that Mrs. James Is. MacCurdy Of
Brooklyn and Brentwood had shown
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-10
CoWorkers in SocialWel.
fare Activities Discuss
What She Will Con-
tribute to Legislation
ny MS WEED.

w ~GAT Will women add To the
M craftsmanship of the future?
w A business man judges an
upplinant f,r N p,si,i1o lac,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-10

books on nature study and bird life.
An example of how birds may he on
couraged in their nesting al the same
time that ornamentation to the garden
is introduced is given in the gardens
Of F.. Rischof Of the village Of Queens.
He has built arches about his gardens
over which vines Of various kinds
Irvine luxuriantly and In each arch Is
a nesting box inhabited every summer
by n family Of song birds.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-10

boxes and planting to attract the
birds. Signs in both English and
Italian will be placed. reading: IAN
persons destroying birds or nests are
liable TO arrest. The Bird Club Of
Long Island"
Miss j. f. Hume, librarian Of the
Queens Borough Public Library. is in
terested in aiding the movement
through procuring and circulating
among horh parents and children
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-10-10

w 18TH h formation Of the
M Bird club If Long Island
last smmmer tie movement
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1915-05-25
Short Snatches From Everywhere

China is entitled 10 the belt the champion limo
cent bystaa der.-Indianapolis star
Poor old China-she has an army only 100000
stronger than that Of the United states--Boston
Transcript
The town that waits for its neighbors to start
something always a few steps behind the parade
Mesa (Ariz) Tribune
A jingo is a Dugnacious person whose belligerent
activities usually cease with the opening OF wan
Kansas City Journal
II noxious fumes into general use, war viii
need not so much fire-eaters as snoSe-consumers--
Springfield Republican
A foreign-born citizen in this country has every
right any other kind OF citizen has-and every
obIiga tion--ChicagO Herald
According to AustrO-Gernan reports the Russian
soldiers can not described standing army
Philadelphia North American
The use Of gas in warfare by the Germans was only
TO be expected after they had gained many meters
Philadelphia North American
The zvomen's peace conference at The Hague did
not get very far, but it got far other Hague
confsrences-Kansas City Times
kansas claims be saving s25000O00 a year BY
prohibition. Which only goes TO show what an awful
drinker Kansas must have been--Salt Lake Herald
A western professor says that young man may
safely marry II he has SIS a week JOB and has
saved I'D $50 trouble is to $500 out OF an
SIS saIary.-DetrOit Free Press
What the world particularly needs is an interna-
tional that Will be respected IN time or war as
we'll in time Of peace-Kansas City Journal
DR.. Dernberg issues a reply to recent criticisms
II adopts this permanent policy the unemploy-
ment problem solved far he Is concerned
Boston Transcript
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1915-05-25

public spirited FL Paso citizen to humanity. It IS
supported by voluntary contributions
A moderate charge is made for accommodations and
treatment in where the parents able to pay,
but is refused in default Of ability TO pay a
fee It IS intended that all sick babies who be
helped by the change of location and who have
without price. The Cloudcroft baby sanatorium is in
private institution 1t is not investment
for anybodys profit 1t has made expenses and
viii 1t is administered by board of directors
who give their time and effort to the for the
sake Of the babies
The public should inform itself fully about this
unique institution the mountain top, where health is
restored almost mraculousy, and where little babies
sick unto death brought pillows to be quickly
revived and sent back to their play There is nothing
like It elsewhere in the United States It is Of
FL PasOs valuable possessions. 1t belongs to the
people, and any friend of humanity viii be glad to
assist it to do its special work Of service to the little
ones
So do not overlook the opportunity presented this
week to help. If you desire, you may send your
contribution to The Herald and It viii be acknowledged
and turned into the maintenance fund Of the institution
Every dollar viii do something toward saving the life Of
baby.
If you had ever Of the poor wilted flowers
restored in sparkling beauty to joyous existence you
would hardly hold on to your purse so long
If you had ever seen those tired blue eyeds open
for the first smiling flash of full consciousness after
the crisis had been safely passed. you would not hesitate
to give little.
Maybe your baby viii be the next: Who knows?