Evening star., 1915-03-14

about permanent safety and peace 10
China, preserve Chinese territorial ana
administrative entity, protect all rights
guaranteed to friendly powers oy
treaty and International law, and safe-
guard to the world the principle OF o,
equal and impartial trade Win All
parts of the Chinese empire
Admiral Mahan has clearly stateo
the same conception of its scope when
he said that The open door to be bene-
ficia1ly effective demands evident Sc
curity of maintenance, freenohl iio
disturbance under the balance Oh
forces applicable in the Pacific IN gen
cral and in the western Pacific IN par
ticular. :.
During the Russian supremacy in
Manchuria our trade in that region
reached the high tide OF Its develop
ment, but so popular had become
among our people the policy OF the
open door that it was held, win tnc
Monroe doctrine, as declaration OF
national policy, and so they gave SYM
pathy and even financial support to the
.Japanese when. in 1904. they went to
war with Russia after the iatters re-
fusal to agree to their demands. the
first of which was Mutual engagement
torial integrity of the Chinese and
Korean empires, and to maintain the
principle of equal opportunity Tor tne
commerce and industry OF all nations
in those countries.
Renewed Her Pledges.
Not content with pledges OF its
good faith in regard to the poi'cy OF
the open door in China, Japan, in 1907,
pledged herself again to it in an agree
nlent with France, and yet again IN
1908 to the United States.
.In this case it was furthermore
nf
door Japan would. after agreement on
the measure, join with the Cnlteo
States whenever occasion might arise
in supporting by all pacific means at
their disposal the independence and In
tegrity of China and the principe Oh
equal opportunity for the commerce
and industry Of all nations IN the ELL
pire :. 49,,
J-nited states as guardian of the open
door in China and become It's cnlel en-
ponent. .,,+
in southern Manchuria British ana
American trade has been stead1iS de-
cl ming since that part of China passed
under Japanese control. nor is there
any doubt that it has been IN sreae
tition. supported by preferential Gus
toms and railway rates. shipping ooun-
ties and successful resistance by It's
traders in Manchuria to paying China's
internal taxes.
Trade Melts Away.
."rwe1ve years ago the American
piece goods trade held the market OF
Manchuria. Today, out Of a total trade
in cotton piece goods alone or ABOUT
SEA ,oOo, 900, our share is less than s3'-
0oo. 900, all lost to Japanese manu1ac-
turers.
"The greater interests of Great
Britain and France in other parts OF
the world caused these countries TO
sacrifice their trade interests in China
to give a free hand to Japan IN eco
romic matters.
After discussing the six-power loan,
so-called, and the possibility OF the
great war in Europe proving danger
ous to China, Mr.. Rockhilfs views
we're expressed as follows:
..In conclusion, it seems clear to me
that so long as we shut our eyes to the
undoubted fact that in the east at
least. from STEAMBOAT to Toxic, politics,
finance and trade go hand IN hand
and that neither the profits of trade
and prestige be adequately upheld
without incurring the responsibilities
incident to political and financial ac-
tivity, we must be content to play
modest. effaced role in the far east,
unworthy, in my opinion, of our great
country and its vast interests in the
Pacific.
THE role of philosopher and friend
of the Chinese is left US. China still
looks to us IS able to give her youth
the education best suited to prove of
benefit to them and their country. 1t
must be a source of genuine satisfac-
tion to US to know that a large ma
jority of the Chinese reared in our
missionary educational establishments
and in this country have shown them
selves in after life well balanced, use
full men Not few Of them have
risen to the highest Offices of the state,
or become eminent in the professions
which they have chosen"