davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The leader-enterprise. [volume] (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1912-1915, 1915-09-01
For Sale or Rent, Sept. LIST

A practically new Groom resi-
dence, all modern conveniences,
desirably located, only q blocks
south First National Bank.
Address, w. O. WooTEN,
ala If Talladega, Ala.
The leader-enterprise. [volume] (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1912-1915, 1915-09-01

PIANO FOR SALE.-My new
$3.50 Piano, won at the contest, for
sale. Apply to Miss MAcURErrE
SPLLEN. IF
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-01-12

men than the enemy, although their
losses are admitted to be consider
able.
Violent fighting is also reported to-
day north of Beausejour, where the
Germans have attempted a general
advance.
Petrograd. - Fighting along the
Polish battle front was today report
ed to be confined to the positions on
the Rawka river, where the Germans
are persisting in their efforts to hack
and hew their way to Warsaw.
Germans are reported to have lost
heavily in efforts to force the Russian
positions and capture hills near Bo-
Hmow. In Galicia there has been
practically no fighting of conse-
quences for a week owing to heavy
SHOWS which have blocked the roads.
Paris. - Serious anxiety is begin
ming to be felt here regarding
conditions in Alsace. No official word
has been received regarding the
fighting there since Friday. UnOf-
fetal reports say that the Germans
are hurting huge masses Of men
against the French positions at Stein
bach and the heights of Cernay.
Athens.-The Albanian insurgents
have occupied the heights of RuspOI
and are placing guns in position COM
manding Durazzo. Italian warships
in the harbOr and Italian marines and
blue jackets who have been landed
to protect Italian interests are re-
ported preparing to resist any gen.
eral assault on the city.
Vienna, via Wireless to London
Stated that Austrian patrol, operat-
ing at an important position on the
front succeeded in penetrating the
main lines Of the Russians.
Fighting yesterday was confined
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-01-12

JnaC laSCS.
Poor old fellow! He must have
loved someone very much and lost
her.
Ito Be Continued Tomorrow
1890
GERMAN CRUISER DAMAGED
FRENCH FEAR FOR ALSACE
London, Jan. 12.-The Petrograd
correspondent of the Star wires that
it is announced there that the Ger
man protected cruised Bremen has
returned to Wilhelmshaven badly
damaged by having struck mine.
Along the canal of Labasee minor
engagements are reported today.
In the fighting in the neighborhood
of Perthes the German reports de-
clare there were very heavy French
losses. In the Argonne region the
French losses since Friday are placed
at $500. Another French assault
to the south of st. Mihiel on the
Mouse is declared to have been re-
pulsed with loss.
In the east, Russian attempts to
advance in Northern Poland are de-
clared to have failed.
Venice. - Refugees from Trieste
who reached here today repeat that
the city is in a panic, fearing bonn
bardment by part of the Franco Brit
ish fleet now active again in the Adri-
attic.
Paris.-Fighting which equals in
intensity any of the present war con-
tinues in vicinity of Scissors, where
Germans are vainly endeavoring to
retake the three lines of trenches
captured by the allies.
The entire front of the trenches is
covered with German dead and
wounded. The French, with the adj
vantage of cover. are losing far fewer
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-01-12

''No, I will not 1 shall feel that
you have honored me by telling the
truth and shall ask you if can do
anything for you.
Eyes, you can. Ask your husband
to invite me to your home. The sight
Of such happiness as you and Eliene's
with your husbands make me think
there is after all somehow, some
where, some way love in the world
that lasts"
Poor old fellow! He must have
loved someone very much and lost
her.
Ito Be Continued Tomorrow
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03
A FARM BOYS ADVICE TO BOYS

The farm boy must learn from the
beginning to become a skillful farmer
and take an interest in the work he
does and the work that is going on
about him.
II he does some work that does not
please his father he should not be
scolded but. rather. encouraged and
shown and helped to do the work
right SO he may not make the mistake
the next time.
II there is cheerful, encouraging
word spoken to the boy it will help
him wonderfully.
The boy should learn to do his
work honestly and well and to not
think this, or that little piece of work
is too trifling to do for the trifles
make perfection.
II he will do his work we'll and
honestly he will have a clear con-
science and be happier and more
contented than IL he did his work
carelessly.
He will take pride in tending to
stock If he is given few Of the farm
animals as his own. He will feed and
watch them growing with more pride
than some older farmers themselves.
From one or two animals he may
have quite flock In little time II
they are well taken care Of.
The boy may also take great in
terest in raising crops II there is q
patch of ground given him to work
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03

specimens, and found that one-fourth
of their food was composed Of plant
lice, though they ate some vegetable
food such az pollen and spores of
fungi. greater portion Of their food
consisted Of insects.
Though many persons are more or
less familiar with lady-bugs some are
not acquainted with their habits or
life histories, and do not. therefore.
recognize them as friends. Thus
many of these helpful little insects
are destroyed, when they should be
carefully protected.
One Of the most conspicuous ex-
amples in history OF controlling pest
by means of lady-beetles occurred in
California some twenty-five years ago.
An Australian insect known as the
fluted or cottony cushion scale APP
peared in California on orange trees
and spread so rapidly over the state
that the extensive orange growing In
dustry was threatened. BY request,
Mr.. Albert Koebele was appointed
agent Of the United States to atter.d
the Melbourne exposition, and while
in Australia paid special attention to
searching for the insect enemies OF
the huted scale. A lady beetle was
found feeding upon the scale and
specimens were collected, and five
seperate lots (altogether about 500
specimens) were brought from Aus
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03
LARGE INVESTMENT In POOR
COWS.

Chief obstacles In successful dairy
ing are lack Of we'll balanced. intensive
methods and not applying business
principles. The milk producer must
stop guessing and know for sure what
the results will be and adopt the ways
Of most profit.
Large sums Of money are invested In
many acres of land, extensive and ex-
pensive buildings. costly horses. tools
and machinery, high-priced feed and
labor, and all OF this outlay turned to
raising crops that do not yield any
thing like the amount Of digestible
nutrients per acre that should and
could be obtained, and to feeding and
poorly caring for herd Of poor cows
utterly unable to return a profit.
The same expenditure OF money and
labor bestowed in an intelligent man
ner upon the same farm and an eff1ci-
ent dairy herd would return a hand
some profit.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03
CULTIVATION VS.. PERMANENT SOD

The trees on the outer edge which
received cultivation last year have
suffered no dying back but have grown
long, vigorous branches which last
year bent to the ground beneath q
load of fruit. and the foliage is fine
dark green.
II had turned the sod under the
first year have no doubt that my
crop of apples would have been
abundant, judging from the cultivated
trees, yet the soil has had no fertil-
izer aside from the turned under sod
I believe that two years is lons
enough for any orchard to be kept Gin
sod. OF course clover sod would
have given better results.
Judging from the appearance OF
many orchards over this section OF
the country I believe some growers
are putting too much faith in sod;
that is, they are leaving the sod upon
the orchards too long and wherever
this is being done the trees look
about as mine did.
have a row Of Baldwin apple
trees along lane. A wide strip OF
fine sod has grown under them on
the roadside for many years, but the
field they border Is under continual
cultivation.
The trees are healthy and vigorous
and bear fruit well, so it seems that
partial cultivation does much to keep
the trees in good condition-M. r.
Conover, Red Bank, MI.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03

and the result quickly show in the
increased profits from the business.
Take. for instance, the item Of
stanchions and stalls. Many patent
stanchions and stalls have been placed
upon the market and some Of these
possess points Of merit. The principal
objection to them Is their expensive
ness. Many Of them sell at from So
to $40 each.
While this patented equipment adds
to the neatness and beauty of the In
terror Of the stable. 1t Is by no means
indispensable.
A simple chain tie costing 20 cents
is just as comfortable for the cows
and will answer all practical pur-
poses Such tie should appeal to
those who are just beginning in the
dairy business and do not wish to In
cur the heavy expense Of installing
high priced equipment
The old style rigid stanchion is still
used by many diaries, and their use
indicates little or no bad effects re-
sulting from their use, but undoubted-
~ swinging stanchions are more COM
Portable, and are greatly to be pre-
ferred.
The Kentucky Experiment station
uses a most excellent stanchion, with
out the iron frame work. These can
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03

The orchard in question was in sod
OF permanent orchard grass when 1t
came into my possession four years
ago, having been seeded two or three
years before. Three Of the four
years since I bought it this section
has suffered severe droughts in the
summer.
There was quite q lot Of dead wood
in the orchard and this was cut out
the first year. The scars healed over
with the bark in many instances in
dicating a vigorous condition OF the
trees.
The next year more drastic prun-
ing was given and the succeeding year
a good crop of fruit was borne.
The soil Of an adjoining field re-
ceived thorough cultivation and this
extended under the outer row OF apple
trees. The third year the trees
through the center of the orchard
began to die back to an alarming de-
gree and the foliage turned sickly
yellowish green.
Examination revealed no scale in
sects but I feared some invisible pest
was at work in my orchard and my
trees must go. However, early last
spring I turned under the sod in the
entire orchard and have cultivated
the soil all the season. The trees are
toning up but it is going to take
more than q couple Of years to get
back to normal condition-f not
longer.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03

and any ears not giving this per-
centage should be rejected. The onlv
way to determine whether or not II /,
up to this standard IL by testing each
ear In the spring before planting time
ana 1t 10 customary among those who
nave taken up the task Of improving
SEED corn to construct shallow trays,
or inches deep. and, marking OF
piece OF Canton flannel In 1-inch
squares. place II In the bottom, or
on . layer Of moist sand, and with
each square numbered to correspond
with an ear, take out q half dozen
Kernels from each and place them in
the corresponding square. Then an
other piece Of moist flannel Ii placed
over them, and, covering with Q lid
or piece OF glass to preserve the moist.
ure, the tray IL set in q warm place.
II kept in a room where the tempera-
ture ranges from 70 to so degrees
Fahrenheit for i've days, the kernels
In some squares may be found to
have terminated feebly, unevenly, or
not at all, while in others they will have
terminated well. showing that tho
seeds of the ear they came from are
Of strong vitality. The ears 50 ger
minating are the ones to save. They
greatly increase the prospect of q per-
feet stand and more vigorous subse.
quent growth.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03
Chickens and the Garden

A student at one Of the agricultural
normal school short courses In agri-
culture, gave the following answer to
the question:: What objects are to
be obtained in the study of poultry
and garden?"
The objects to be obtained In the
study of chickens and garden are to
learn how to get the best results from
the different ways Of feeding. housing
ard breeding; which are the best
breeds and how to keep them pure
and get the most profit from them at
the least expense.
In gardening, how to get the most
profit from soil without robbing 1t OF
its fertility.
Chickens and gardening may be
studied together to mutual advantage
by having two lots, one for the chick
ems and the other for the garden.
The garden will furnish food for the
chickens and the family also and the
manure of the hens will keep the soil
fertile and productive. The chicken
yard and garden can be alternated
each year to get better results.
The greens for the chickens may be
grown in the end of the plot which Is
not occupied by the chicken coop.
The chickens are to be shut up all
the time except, perhaps, about an
hour each evening.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03

and cultivate. He may feed the
products of his work to his animals
and he will feel better than II hi
were feeding the products Of thu
fields that his father cultivated.
do not think the boy should In
kept too steadily at work for 1t all
naturally become tiresome and he
wants change just as older peoplA
do. 4
He should be given some spa e
time to do what he wishes to do him
self, and then when he does work g
will work with more zeak 4
think the boy should go to scht
as much as he possibly can and ~
be kept at home too much for tn.
he will fall back In his studies anH
be too proud to go to school when hi
cannot keep UP with his mates; AMI
when he gets a rest in the winter hi
will delight in commencing the spring
work.
The boy who lives on farm WHY
have more fun in the winter than
boys who live in town, for he can fnt|
many sports in the winter in the
country that are not available to thu
boys in town. n
II the farm boy tries to be /
tented, work on the farm, and by
help Of the older people with WI,
he lives, become q good farmer-
will surely be contented. - Fio'A
Baker, age IA years. Worthington.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03
DAIRY SUGGESTIONS.

It IL q great mistake to give
COW Indifferent care until her n
dow has greatly diminished, then
by feeding her heavy, to get her
to her full how.
The dairyman who withholds /
tein foods until the cows have clear,
up all roushage Will soon learn 4
folly Of his ways when he adds !
figures Of his milk checks.
A worse mistake than high p.
tein feeding Is made BY many farme
That mistake il not feeding enou
Of anything.
The man who goes into the dsI
business thinking that selecting Ct
cows and compromising balanced Y
lions 10 al he needs to understa,
Is sure to wake up a sadder
wiser man.
It requires plenty Of fsed~t to /
the COW machine to its full linf
This limit varies more than II
people seem to think. Y
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03
INCUBATOR HELPS.

To warm the eggs before putting
them in the machine keeps the tom
perature even, and to place cold eggs
into it lowers the temperature. 1t is
necessary to make use Of the dampen-
ing tray II the weather is dry or II the
place Is dry where the incubator IL
kept On the other hand, IL the ma
chine is placed in damp atmosphere,
the dampening tray must not be flied.
II the chicken Is too wet on leaving
the shell, there has been an excess OF
moisture, and If the toughness Of the
membrane inside the she'll prevents
the chicken leaving easily, there has
not been enough moisture.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03

rood seed must be the founda-
zion of success In growing any crop,
and the question as to what constl-
tutes a good seed may well receive
ali the thought and attention the
farmers can bestow upon 1t. Perree-
.ion of form and size. straightness OF
rows, uniformity in size of Kernels.
and high percentage OF grain to COD
may all be presented by an ear OF
corn that Is utterly valueless, when
the essential Of producing a perfect
seed Is considered.
One Of the first points judge
should give attention to is the seed
condition of samples. Is the germ
sound and will 1t produce q good
plant? A termination test is the best
means OF settling these questions. but
unfortunately cannot be employed
while one - judging corn shows. The
farmer should test every ear he plants.
II the germ is slender and small,
the plant is likely to lack vitality.
Thin seeds tApering to their attach
ment produce weak germs. and con-
sequently ears with such seeds must
be Disseminated against in scoring
exhibits. Tho seed should be deep.
but it must also be Of medium width
and thickness. for upon this depends
the size Of the germ, and the amount
Of food stored in the seed for the
early maintenance Of the plant. But
sometimes seeds Of good width and
thickness have small germs, and
should therefore be rejected in favor
OF seeds of the same form. but with
larger germs.
Badly matured seeds sometimes
Dresent small blister-like eminences
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03
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While Those the Bottom Too
Short and

In a well-ripened, well-cured ear,
the seeds should not give way when
the ear Is given slight twist with
the hands. They should support each
other firmly, and when shelled ought
adhering chan and with the tips en-
tire.
The general shape of an ear of corn
may range widely with variety. Some
should, according to present stand
ards, be cylindrical from butt nearly
to tip, others should taper slowly, and
still others more rapidly and decid-
edly. Yet 1t may be said that in work.
ing for high yield the best results are
likely to be secured with the cylindri-
cal ear. Ears which taper are likely
to bear shallow seeds toward the tip
Of the cob, and when shelled out give
too small total weight of grain.
This may be said, think, in the face
OF the fact that the majority Of rec
ognized varieties, and some Of the
very best, taper more or less. The
taper ear seems to me likely in the
end to be displaced by its more shape
sly~competitor. ai.. Z, T,, I'd s,a
The cob should neither be very
small nor excessively large. The for
mer Indicates lack Of vigor, the latter.
coarseness and Is generally developed
at the expense. of the seed. A me-
diminished cob is always best. 1t
should be firm and sound, without
central cavity.
There should be no vacant space at
the tips Of ears and none at the butts.
Good ears shown at fairs sometimes
have the tips completely and symmet-
really covered with seed. This should
be the condition Of the majority OF
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03
TO INDUCE EGG-LAYING.

Bran and shorts mixed and softened
with hot water make a good morning
meal. Boiled potatoes and oat meal
mush also are excellent. Ground
bone ought to be made regular arti-
Gle OF diet. The fowl should have a
chance for exercise and this is gained
by having a layer of straw on the floor
to hide the grail and also by sus-
pending green cabbages or pieces OF
meat far enough from the floor so
that they are compelled to jump to
reach the food. A meal Of wheat or
corn is to be given late in the after
noon. All kinds of roots chopped fine
and fed raw are relished. Either
parched corn or charcoal is one OF
the essentials. Poultry SO handled ' i'll
be healthy and active instead of sickly
and lazy and will produce a salts
factory supply Of eggs in the winter.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03

tralia to California and placed upon
the scale-infested trees The lady
beetles multiplied and their progeny
werc soon transported to each orange
growing sectron. In a few years the
cottony cushion scale had been
brought under complete control by
the Australian lady-beetle; 1T has
never since done much damage on
the Pacific coast, and the orange in
dustry still f1ourishes.
In less striking manner and on
smaller scale our native lady
are continually demonstrating their
ability to clean up shrubs. trees and
even orchards which were severely at
Tackled by plant lice. There are about
$50 different kind Of lady-beetles IN
this country.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03

wedge-shape, with a small shoulder
at each side above the attached tip
best serves this purpose. AS already
stated in considering the germ, the
seed must not taper too rapidly. other
wise vacant space will be. left next
the cob, and the taper should be alike
on the two sides. the germ being In
the middle. A very thin seed Is to
be avoided; 1t gives too little room for
the germ. and generally denotes i'm
maturity
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03
To Do Her Best
the Cow Must
Be Comfortable
By w. d. NICHOLS

The above fact must be borne in
mind in the construction of stalls,
stanchions and managers in dairy
barns. Usually, too little thought is
given to the construction Of dairy
buildings. and many mistakes are
made which are not discovered until
1t is too late to correct them. By
careful planning and study. the cows
health and comfor. may be promoted,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03

over the germ, due to a separation Of
the cuticle from it's attachment Again.
IL the whole area over the germ is
deeply sunken, 1t indicates lack OF
maturity and consequent excessive
shrinkage. Failure of the grain to
separate readily from the cob is an
other indication Of lack Of ripeness.
A brown or pink discoloration about
the germ or the attached end Of the
seed is very Objectionable, as Is also
the presence of mold or rotten seeds.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03

by tho planter each time. With big
seeds and little ones. wedge-shaped
and broad-oval, mixed In the trough
of the planter, the number dropped
has been found to range widely, with
a costly percentage Of hills lacking q
sufficient number. and some without
any at all. Uniformity OF the seed
thus, besides denoting high quality,
tends to increase the stand and yield
and lessen labor involved in replant-
ing
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03
Lady Bugs Among
the Best Friends Of
the Plant Grower
BY W. E. BRITToN

The beetles commonly known as
lady beetles, lady birds" "lady-bugs"
or plant-louse beetles are among the
very best friends Of the farmer or
plant grower, because they feed in
both larval and adult stages upon
plart-lice, scale-insects, and the small
larvae and eggs Of other and larger
noxious insects. DR.. s. A. Forbes ex-
amined the stomach contents of 80
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03

severe freezing weather arrives. either
by placing on shelves. or suspendins
by wire in an attic or other dry place.
or else by the careful use Of artificial
heat A common practice among
those who handle large quantities Of
seed Is to cure on narrow shelves. the
ears being placed in single layer, or
at any rate not In very deep layers,
so that the air may circulate freely
about each one.
A well-matured corn 50 preserved
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03

Again, upon the general shape of
the seed depends to some extent the
quantity Of grain produced.
II the seed is very wide, contracts
to It's attachment, and is
rounded without. good deal Of
space is left between the kernels that
might just as we'll be filed. The
grains should fit snugly against each
othe. at all sides. and a medium
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-03

Where the orchard is given proper
treatment little pruning Is done each
year from the time Of planting onward.
II you remove large quantity Of the
branches from the apple OF any other
tree in one season you are apt to do
the trees injury. Paint over all
wounds ~