davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1915-02-03
DECISIVE GAME TO
Be PLAYED FRIDAY
TONOPAH ALL STARS WILL MEET
GOLDFIELD AT 5AS-
kETBALL

On Friday evening next the Tono-
pah All Stars will again meet Gold
field on the local floor at the High
School gym in the fifth game of the
series which will determine the win
ner of the contest. The local team
have secured valuable addition in
the person Of Alfred Sexton, who is
now working In the West End mill,
but was captain of the Minnesota
university quintet which secured the
championship of the middle west con-
ference in 1910. Owing to a slight
| illness Jean O"Connell will not be
able to participate, but his place is
amply filed by Sexton. Fred Stoll
who was rated as one of the best
players on the Pacific coast last year
and who was ON the University OF
CALIFORNIA; squad until his departure
for Tonopah, will again be in the
game.
The business men of Goldfield are
contemplating putting UP a cup fol
the winner of the coming contest
but as yet no definite action has been
taken in the matter and the loca
team are very anxious to win the
cup along with the honor of winning
the championship for Southern Ne
vada. There will be no tickets sole
for this game, but the admission pric'
will be rs cents, payable at the door
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1915-02-03
BOYS KILLED

Word has been received in this
city of the accidental death of two
youngsters, aged and years, who
were suffocated in sand hill in
which they had dug tunnel, at Fal-
lon. It is learned that one of the
boys was the son of ditch tender
and the other the only son Of a widow
employed as cook at the United
States experimental station near the
canal. Their names were not learned.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1915-02-03
ARGUING A DEMURRER
IN DISTRICT COURT

A demurrer is being argued this
afternoon in the district court before
Judge Averill in the case of the Ne
vada Telegraph and Telephone COM
pany against Nye county. This is an
action in which the plaintiff paid the
defendant its taxes under protest,
claiming that the valuation of its
property has been raised to an ex-
cessive figure. Restitution Is de-
manded.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1915-02-03
coLpFIElD STOCKS.
Morning Sales.

Goldfeld Consolidated-520, $1.40.
Jumbo Extension-24O0, $1.02h;
300, $1.05; 1000, $1.021a; 1000, 81;
1000, 81; 100, 50; 800, 81; 400. 96;
300, 81; 100, 90; 1000, 95; 100, "a;
1000, 95; 100, SO; 100, 80; 300, 81;
500, 81; 1000, 81.
Combination Fraction-1000, 7.
Booth-1OOO, 80; 5000, 80; 1000, 80;
1000, SO.
Florence-1OOO, Sc; 500, Sc.
Merger Mines-4OOO, 25; 1000, 20;
1000, B-3O, rs; 5000, "a; 1000, "a;
5000, "a; 1000, 23; $500, 23; 1000
$40, %; 1000, %; 5000, 90; 1000, 90
Atlanta-2OOO. IS; 1900, IS; 1000
SO; 1000, So; 1000, S5; 1000, "a; 1000
"a; 1000, "a; 1900, "a; 5000, S5; 1000
"a.
Lone Star-5O0O, 9; 1000, 8.
Observation-Disclosures, IL; 1000
10.
Kewanas- 20; 1000, rs; 1000
26; 500, rs; 1000, 25; 1000, 25; 1000
"a; 1000, "a; 1000. "a; 5000, %
1000, 90; 1000, 2S; 5000, 20.
Oro-1000, IL.
Spearhead-50O, IL; 5000, IL; SOC
IL; 5000, IL; 1000, 10; 1000, 10.
Yellow Tiger-1500, s.
Goldfield Shale-1000, Is; 1000, II
Afternoon safes.
Jumbo Extension--100, 81; 300. SO
200, 80; 100, 90; 1000, s5; 1900, s5
900, 95; 200, 90; 800. 95; HOO, "a
100, 90.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1915-02-03

Mr.. George Shumway, ex-mayor of
Galesburg, Illinois, has lately pur'
chased all the stock of the ~Platina
Townsite company, except the quail
flying shares of the directors, and will
direct the development of the new
mining town called Platina, situated
20 miles west of the railroad town
of Jean, New
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1915-02-03
ToNoPAH STOCKS.
Morning Sales.

roNoPAH STOCKS.
Morning Sales.
Midway-1OOO. s; 500. 8.
West End--500, 81.
Jim Butler--1000, 20.
North Star-5OO, Is; 500, Is; 5000,
IA.
Tonopah Merger-500, 80; 1000, 81
Cash Boy-2000, 3.
Afternoon Sales.
Jim Butler-500, 68.
Rescue Eula-2500, Z; 1000, z;
5000. Z.
Tonopah Merger-20OO, 36.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1915-02-03
NOT GUILTY PLEA ENTERED

N. Richmond, hide buyer of Ely,
who was arrested on an indictment
by the Nye county grand jury, was
arraigned this afternoon before
Judge Averill on the charge Of COM
plicity in the Bartmass cattle killing
case. He pleaded not guilty.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1915-02-03
LOST

On the streets of Tonopah, watch
charm, B. P. o. Elks and Masonic
Blue Lodge on one side; Knights of
Pythias and l. o. o. r. Subordinate
Lodge on reverse side. Reward II
returned to
w. J. HAND,
Tonopah Auto Supply Co..
AdvJ29F4 Tonopah, Nevada.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1915-02-03
FOR swEgrAEARTs AND WIVES

The best kind of valentine-a
box of our delicious chocolates fresh
from the factory. Send in your ord~
today. Ask for our illustrated cata-
logue. 1t will help you to select. Geo.
Haas & Sons, main store and office,
TO Market st., San Francisco.
AdvF3-6.10-13
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1915-02-03

The following are the closing stock
quotations. and the record Of the
days sales. as received from the San
Francisco stock exchange this after
noon by Broker H. e. Epstine:
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1915-02-03
TEMPERATURE REPORT

Highest temperature yesterday, 3S;
year ago, 38.
Lowest temperature last night, "a;
year ago, 26.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1915-02-03
STOCKS

There was a bad break in Goldfeld
stocks today, Booth alone holding up
strongly. The Tonopahs were quiet
with steady prices.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1915-02-03

Certificates Of location on sale Mt
the Bonanza office.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1915-02-03

ED WHEECE sells Rock Springs
and Hiawatha coal, lumber and
building material. Phone 462.
AdvJ29-F28
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1915-02-03
GOOD RESULTS IN
ORO'S WORKINGS
CROSSCUT BEING EXTENDED ON
300 LEVEL TO CUT
QUARTZ BODY

A steady improvement is occurring
in the conditions prevailing at the
property of the Goldfield Orc Mining
company, according to the manage
ment. The operations are being car
ried ahead as rapidly as possible and
results of importance are being OBJ
tanned.
On the SO0-foot level crosscut Is
being extended from the main drift
to catch the downward extension of
body of twelve feet of quartz re-
Gently revealed by raise from an
intermediate level at point IS feet
north of the shaft The south drift
on the S00-foot level has been ex-
tended a total distance of ninety
feet. Recently the drift was turned
slightly to the east and it revealed
a body of quartz. 1t has been found
that the drift has been passing along
intermediately beneath the quartz
body for a distance of forty feet
After the drift has been advanced a
short distance further raise will
be started to explore the quartz body
it is stated. On the 700-foot level
prosecuting west and drifting south
continues.
><<<<-~~-<<><<<>
Combination Fraction-1O00, 8;
5000, 8.
Booth-3OO0. 80; 500, 33; 1000, "a
Blue Bull-1000, Z.
Merger Mines-5OO, 23; 1000, 3d.
1000, B-3O, 80; 2OOO,s 90; 1000, "a
1000. B-SO, %; 5000, "a; 500, "a
10000, "a; 5000. "a; 1000, 23.
Atlanta-5OO, "a; 5000, "a; 1000
"a; 1000, "a; 1000, "a.
Great Bend-2000, z; 500, 6.
m-Kendall-100O 10; 5000
no.
| Kewanas-2OOO, 30; 1000. 23; 1000
80; 5000. %; 5000. %; $500, "a
$500, %.
spearhead-5OO, 10; 1000, IL; 5000
IL.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1915-02-03

For quick results try the want I'D
cOlumnO Of the BONANZA.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1915-02-03

WORK NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. as
cook or housekeeper. Address Has
brouck house. 259F5tZ
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-08-25

Continued Next saturday)
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-08-25

panv. I had none such excellent cp-
portunity for often seeing Helena as
might at first be supposed. she and
her aunt refused to join US at any meal
in the dining saloon. although now and
then they came for breakfast 70 what
Auntie Lucinda with sc0rn called the
second table" Ii was not feasible
for. me often to do more than call Of a
morning 10 inquire If all was well with
them. and conversation through lead
glass transom is not what one would
call intimate.
Hardly had we three-BlacE Bart,
Jean LATTE and Henri L'OIounois-
seated ourselves at table for luncheon
. before 7 became sensible Of a faint
shadow at the saloon stair. 7 saw a
trim boot and q substantial ankle,
which knew belonged To Aunt IA.
cinda ana then I looked mp and saw
on the deck Helena also, stopped her
clean cut head. with its blond hair.
visible against the blue sky.
May come Iu:' she asked gayjy
enough.
You are always invited" said !. and
perhaps I flushed in my pleasure.
"John," I called down the tube, two
more-the ladies'" And I heard his
calm All lite"
My young gentlemen had risen Pc
utelv. but Helena gently pushed them
down into their places. BE seated
here. ladies' said I. These places
are. as Won see. always spread for Won
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-08-25
CHEMICALS REMEDY
FOR TUBERCULOSIS

Paris. Aus. z5.-DF. Louis Renon, a
physician connected with the NecEer
hospital ana a member of the medical
faculty of the University of Paris. has
announced to the Therapeutic society
chat as the result OF long research he
Is able to prove that tuberculosis, con
5aary 10 the generally accepted theory,
must be treated by chemical means aud
not by serums- His paper has caused
considerable stir ia medical circles,
where IL is held that he has opened a
new path in the cure OF the white
plague.
Dr. Reuoa says that his endeaTors
have been directed towards finding d
substance which wiII kill baciui in an
animal organization without iniuring
the elements Of that Organization. As
a beginning he established q list Of
antisepucs which arrest the develop
mear of baciii in cultures He also
found substances without which hacilH
cannot develop. These, he says are
potassium, sulphur, phosphates, iron
and magnesium.
Thus, he claims, therapeutic action
can be obtained by adding certain sub
stances to an animal organism and al
so by Withdrawing by dietary means
other substances necessary to the
growth of bacilli
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-08-25

germ infeots the blood. The one treat
ment that has proven quickly eGec-
tive for Malaria is $. s. S. In few
minutes after taking, it is at work
in every artery and vein. It IS a di-
rect antidote for Malaria poison. It
will destroy the germ. wash out the
impurities, In a short time after this
blood cleansing process, you viii
know the difference. You viii feel a
delicious sense of relief from Azue
Energy returns, nerves are steadied,
you feel the pulsatng vigor Of perfect
health. Drugs wont give this relief.
You must cleanse your blood-y0u
must cleanse your bio0d-you must
take 5. 5. 5. Get it. at your druggists.
take 1t for all blood adections-itch-
ing. burning skin. Eczema. 5crofula
Yours may be a special case-if Won
think so write to the S. $, S. Co. At
lanta, Ga. for free medical advice.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-08-25
NEW YORK rs TO HAVE
JOAN OF ARC STATUE

New York. Aug 3 = a statue OF
Joan Of Arc astride her charger, in
bronze. to be erected at Riverside
drive and Ninety-third street VIII rest
on a pedestal made from the stones Of
her prison at Rouen. France. The
cost of the monument will be about
$4,000 and has been raised entirely
by private subscription. The section
Of the dungeon Of the heroine Of
France purchased and brought here,
after the French government had fail
ed to preserve il, includes 229 blocks
of limestone Anna Vaughn Hyatt de
signed the statue.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-08-25

I followed mp the companionway ana
saw her going slowly. head down. her
coat OF lace blown wide, her hand at
her throat and sobbing IN what Jimmy
and both knew was fear Of the storm
Have they got everything they need
there. JimmyT' / asked as he returned
"Surel And the old girls going TO
have q peach OF one this time she
can't hardly rock IN a rocking chair
'thout getting seasick. think its
great. don't you? Look at her buck
into emr
Jimmy and his friend shared this i'm
munity from NAL de mer. I could see
Jean now helping haul down our bur
gee, and the deck boy. Willy. in his
hurried work about the boat. VII
liams / could not see. But Peterson
was now calm and much IN his eie-
ment. for q better skipper than he new
er sailed craft on the great lakes.
7 think she's going TO blow great
guns" said he. and Ike enough the
other engineu pop any minute
'YesE" I answered. stepping 10 the
wheel, ''In which case we go to Davy
Jones about when, PetersonT p
we don't co. he rejoined she's
the grandest little ship ahoat and not
things the matter with her"
Can we make the channel and run
inside the long key below the Cote
Blanche BayouT'
Sure we can. You'd better get the
covers off the boats and see the bot
tom plugs in and some water and sup
plies shipped aboard-but there's not
the slightest danger in the world for
this boat, let me tell you that sir. I've
seen her perform before now, aud
there's not a storm can blow on this
coast she won't ride through"
Continued Next Saturday,
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-08-25
Don't Have Malaria
Cleanse Your Blood
Malaria is a Blood Disease
That Saps Your Strength

You can tell this from the yellow
complexion. the wasted body sunken
eyes, the dull headache, the fever
Pushes. the terrible tired-feeling and
lack of energy All this points with
unwaverlng certainty to bad blood
Authorities agree that the Malarial
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-08-25

able proposals which absolutely would
exclude such threatening incidents
If the Arabic affair should develop
further difficulties. the dual monarchy
would deeply deplore it,. Perhaps the
aEair. after it is cleared up. may lead
America to revise her policy.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-08-25

ships which would be guaranteed
against attack, but the American gov,
|ernment fatty rejected that proposal
/ Omaals were eager to know what posi-
ton Germany would now take without
Isurrendering her commended right 20
submarine warfare against enemy com
merce.
The aim of President Wilson and all
administration officials is to avoid rup-
ture with Germany bur to do SO with
out any surrender Of the neutral rights
for which the United States has been
+ contending in the name Of Information
al law and humanity, was reflected by
officials Informally while discussing
this latest phase of the situation,
They were hopeful that d disavowaI OF
t the submarine commanders act in
sinking the Arabic without warning
would he forthcoming but the admiR-
/ jstration is ready to listen to BerlinG
next word
( Washington. Aug -5-White White
house officials today showed that they
/ believed the outlook over the Arabic
sinking was more hopeful they main
talne0 -1e Pos'lloh 1HaJ d L'1- lL5-
71a e. y rom ". ''7' --le--- 4otsL---
$1,000 a..
mum intent vi '''0
american government "ollid pc LAa''s-
. Unofficial word was conveyed to
-is-N -o,Lz ma u.s. ~
$50 .-. 49, ,.-' So ..-
5-,..l5 $500 .-...,r..-..7
- III .-..s-, ,1-7 - - 49, ~
-. .--.- - -
-. +l.- r-----z Co.
~ .-a--.5--. t-.s-..-..,-7 +,.--..-.,
r.far4- ~ +-- -.,-f,.--,,--.- -t-.- 90
- -..---..+ ~ - ..ts.,4f,- -
- .... - .,.-.-- ~,
-L.. +,,. ~. -. 60 NJ,
,.---.-.-+--..-- a.,
~7P1 COt--1 'oA Pr i'7'e.t Il > Lli775.7
~ d ,isa' 'f a. p'1 W - e t..pzio- ---.-
. 5-.,.-..., '--a' '''s' - 0''
p -''- '-'' -
~" comment Hdae'
Secretary Lansing would not COM
n1ent on the ambassadors telegram.
.i6e message, however. was regarded
as answering the inquiry "hlca TIC
state department directed 10 A1loa5- .
5ador Gerard on whether ne mad re-
eeiFea any report. because 1t showed
lhe German government ltsel- was
lacking information necessary Tor an
explanation.
NO instructions have been sent 20 .
Am oassador Gerard and he mas not
communicated with the state depart I
ment within the last "a hours.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-08-25


very shallow and is fnll Of oysters.
/ And as for this storm Of which you
sneak. ladies' ! added as I poured 4
/ would there might come every day as
/ iii q wind If It would blow me as great
a good as yourselves for luncheon
4 Yes" said L Olonnois brightly you
might blow in oncet n awhile ard see
/ as fellers. I told Black Bart that cap
I fivas"- But here ! kicked Jimmy IN
: der the table. Poor chap. what with
I bis Auntie Heleua's hand AZ one eX-
{ tremitv and ny boot aC the other he
/ was strained in his conversation and,
+ IN disgust. joined Jean LATTE in com
I pIete silence and oysters.
/ Really" and Helena raised her eyes,
( isn't It growing colder
( Jean. close the port behind Miss
+ Emory" said I It was plain enough
/ to my mind that Blue norrher was
I breaking. with It's swift drop in tenn
/ perature and IT'S possibly high wind.
The Ia bIe's acting funny" comment
+ ed Jean Lahtte presently He had new
I er been at sea before.
YES. said Aunt Lucinda, with very
much-too mucn-dignity If you all
I will please excuse me. think / shall
/ 20 back to the ca bin. Helena"
/ GO with Mrs Daniver at once. jim
I nv" soid I to T-Ol0nnois.
AYE. ava. SIR saluted ne foyously
and added aside as be passed me,
/ Hope the old girls going to be good
and sick
! I could see Peterson standing near
I the saloons door and bethought me to
send Jean LATTE up to aid him in
making all shipshape. We were begin
ming to roll. and / missed the smooth
thrust Of both our pr0peLIers, although
now the engines were purring smooth
/ " enough. Thus by mere chance I
found myself alone with Helena.
+ put out a hand 10 steady her as she
rose.
rs it really going TO be badz1 she
inquired anXiously. "Aunue gets so
sick"
1t win he rough for three hours
yet" I admitted. She's not so big as
the 1fauretania, but as Well built for
her tonnage. You couldn't pound her
apart no matter what came. Shes
oak and cedar, through and through,
and every point
You've studied her well since you
since you came aboard 2"
Yes. yes. to be sure [ have. And
she's worth her name Don't you think
it was mighty fine of-of 1Ir David
son TO name her after you-the Belle
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-08-25
BERLIN TELLS GERARD
CAPTAIN HAD NOT SENT
FACTS ON THE ARABIC

Continued from Page One
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-07-24

All Mems aud Boys Furnishings Reduced 4
SOC Shirts &c; ST 90 Shirts S5c; $l,OO Caps $50;
the SOC 42c; SOC Neckwear, 42c; Csc ones
21c. aiE.StEs# 81
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-07-24
Dangers of a Cold
Bennington People will 20 Well to
Heed Them

Many bad cases of kidney trouble
result from cold or chill. Con
gested kidneys fall behind in filter.
ing the poison-laden blood and back.
ache, headache, dizziness and dlsor.
dered kidney action follow. Don't
neglect a cold. Use Doan's Kidney
Pills at the first sign of kidney troub-
lie. Follow this Bennington resi-
dents example:
II. C. Taylor, X. f. d. No. 3, Ben
nington, says: For some time | had
soreness in my back and a dull pain
across my kidneys. which was par.
ticularly severe when stopped or
exerted myself ] did not rest well
and whenever | caught cold it settl.
ed in my kidneys, making the trouble
more severe. Doan's Kidney Pills
acted directly on my kidneys and
soon removed the lameness in my
back and made me feel better in ev.
cry way"
At later date, Mr.. Taylor said: 81
willingly confirm all that | have said
about Doan's Kidney Pills, still
think highly of them"
Price soc at all dealers. Don't sim
ply ask for kidney remedy-get
Doan's Kidney Pills-the same that
Mr.. Taylor has twice publicly recon-.
mended. Forster-MilburE Co, Props
Buffalo, N. Y.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-07-24
GIFT FOR RETIRING PASTOR
Rev. p. J. Long Given $500 at Proctor
Last Evening

Proctor, July 22-At a reception
rendered last evening to Rev. p. j
Long by the townspeople on his de
parture to assume the duties of priest
in the Montpelier Catholic church q
purse of $500 was presented to the
clergyman.
About 400 persons attended the re
ception in the village hall. The pre-
sentation speech was made by +. w
McGarry and FIR. Long responded A
concert program was given by the
Proctor band.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1915-04-22

transfer them to their permanent places
in the open, IL the weather will permit.
In the field they should stand at least
six inches apart each way.
Beans.
Beans are tender plants. They cannot
endure frost and will not stand trans
planting we'll. 1t is best to wait and plant
the seeds of this plant in the open where
the plants are to grow, delaying the work
until severe frosts are past. Plant in
row one foot apart, placing the seeds
about two inches deep at intervals of six
inches. Keep the soil loose and free from
weeds.
Beets.
Beets, while they are hardy and can
be planted at the same time as radishes
and lettuce, require a longer season for
maturing. The seeds should be planted
in rows n foot apart, placed an inch
apart in the row and covered one inch
deep. When the plants are we'll up 1.-TWO
inches high, thin to four inches apart
in the row. Keep the soil well titled at
all times.
Tomatoes.
The tomato is the most exacting of all
the plants included in the collection.
From Washington southwark the seeds
may be planted in the open at the same
time as beans, but to the north of this
point the seeds should be sown in boxes.
hutbeds OF greenhouses from the first to
the middle of March, the young plants
being transplanted to stand two by two
inches apart as soon as the first true
leaves appear.
When they. began to crowd in their new
positions, shift them to four-inch pots or
to cans such as are used by Gamers of
tomatoes, and keep them growing slowly
until about May 20 to June l, when 1t
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1915-04-22

Here is a list of seven critical stages In
school gardening when children need
careful supervision TO avoid serious mis-
takes, according to M. Q. Evans, Jr., who
was recently supervisor OF the Portland
school gardens:
Preparing ground-Mellow, free from
clods and level.
Laying out beds-Straight and uni
form.
Planting--Rows straight, no wasted
seeds.
Weeding-All weeds removed without
injury to plants.
Thinning-Most children fear to thin
sufficiently.
Northumberland desire to water too
much.
misunderstanding surface after rain
or watering.
Instructors should also visit home
gardens of pupil gardeners to see that
these critical stages are safely passed.