The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-12-16

and adequate shoulders. Where the
first can be obtained in no other war
II may be necessary to lift the road
considerably above the surrounding
land Firmness is secured, II the road
has been properly drained, by making
certain that the roadbed is thoroughly
compact. The subgrade must be re-
peatedly rolled and reshaped until the
desired grade ia secured.
Strong. desirable curbing Is neces-
sary for all brick pavements in order
to prevent the marginal brick from be-
coming displaced, which event would
result in deterioration. finally spread
ing over the entire pavement.
One OF the most essential factors OF
a brick pavement is q firm foundation
upon which to lay the brick. The i'm
portance Of this is evident when one
considers that the ability of pavement
to resist wear depends upon the
smoothness Of the pavement and q
firm foundation. II the foundation 10
poor one Of the bricks may be easily
forced down. causing unevenness in
the surface. Where the traffic IL COM
paratively light and the subgrade
composed of material that does not
readily absorb water, broken stone
may make a satisfactory base. For
heavier trafYic or where the material
composing the subgrade IL at all I'M
stable a concrete base Is necessary.
The stone base should be constructed
much as In the case of first-class
macadam roads. Concrete bases may
be constructed of concrete composed
of part Portland cement, 3 parts OF
sand and from to parts of broken
stone or screened gravel. Above the
concrete base sand cushion to cor
rect slight Irregularities and to secure
an even surface for the brick IL most
desirable. This cushion is usually
two inches thick, though in some
cases 1t may be only IN. It is impor-
tant to have the sand clean and dry.
After the brick has been laid upon
this cushion and the pavement gone
over carefully to remedy all defects
and remove all imperfect material. 1t
should be rolled with q heavy power
roller. gone over carefully once more.
and the joints then filled with some
material to prevent the brick edges
from chipping. OF the various mate
rails used for this purpose a grout
made of equal portions Of Portland CO.
ment and sand mixed with water is
recommended. Sand alone is some
times used because of its cheapness,
but It is open to several objections
and its use In the end is probably not
economical. Portland cement grout,
on the other hand, binds the individ-
ual bricks together and converts the
pavement into what 10 practically Q
monolith. Before the grout is ap-
piled the pavement should be swept
clean and be kept moist by gentle
sprinkling during the application. OF
which there should be two. At the
end of the second application the
grout should completely all the Joints
flush with the tops of the joints. The
final step il to cover the completed
pavements with q oneinch layer Of
fine earth. This il done to protect the
pavement from the weather and to
keep 1t in q moist condition while the
grout IL hardening.
The objection frequently made to
the grout-flled brick pavement-that
It IL extremely noisy-may be over
come by the proper use Of longitudinal
expansion cushions placed alongside
the curb. These expansion cushions
are bituminous layers from one
half to one and one-Quarter inches
thick, varying with the width OF the
pavement.
In addition to the description of the
various problems the new bulletin
contains in an appendix complete typi-
cal specifications for the construction
OF q brick road.