davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
Locomotive and Rail.

At the meeting of the Institution Of
Mechanical Engineers in Paris last
July, Anatole Mallet, the inventor of
the Mallet articulated locomotive,
called attention to the great changes
that, during the past eighty-five years,
have taken place in the relative
weight of the locomotives TO the
rail Monsieur Mallet showed that
in 1929 engines that weighed
five tons ran on rails that weighed
34.2 pounds a yard; that Is the
engine was 327 times the weight
Of the rail a yard. In 1916 engines OF
% tons ran on rails of 1852 pounds
yard; that is, the engine was 700
times the weight of the rail q yard
Finally, in the United States, q Nal
let engine with ten coupled axles
having 245 tons adhesive weight
has been put into service on Ill
pound rails; that is, the engine is
1850 times the weight of the rail a
yard. Incidentally, this progressive
increase in the relative weight of the
locomotive to the rail shows how
great has been the improvement ir
the quality Of steel rails.-Eouth'
Companion.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
VENTlLATE THE HENHOUSE
Cioth-Covered Window VIII Permit
Air to Pass Slowly Back and Forth
Without Creating Draft.

A tree is the natural home Of he
hen. She was not intended to live n
a house.
In housing hen so that she will
produce eggs during the winter, we
have confined her in home as tight
and stuffy as our own. But unlike
most humans, the hen wants fresh cir
more than she wants warmth.
In providing a home for the hen we
should protect her against storms and
cold winds but we should take CAFE
that we do not exclude fresh air ind
light.
One of the best systems of ventila-
ton, according to j. G. Halpin, Col
lege of Agriculture Of the University
of Wisconsin, is a cloth-covered win
dow which will allow air to pass slow.
ly back and forth without draft. The
cloth should be stretched on hinged
frame so that the entire window may
easily be opened. The window should
be placed when possible on the south
side of the poultry house. 1t will need
to be open large part of the time,
being closed only during storms and
on the coolest nights.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
Fiction and Reality,

1t is simple truth to say that many
things happen in fiction which would
be quite impossible in fact, as any
censor knows. 1t is in failing to dis
tinguish between these two that many
artists and most critics blunder and
this error is in effect the same as that
of the ambitious actor who, having
once to play the part, for the first
time, of an intoxicated ruffian in
certain melodrama, went to a neigh
boring tavern and intoxicated himself.
He thought that this would storm the
house, but on the contrary he was i'm,
mediately fred by the management for
a fool-and rightly.-F., H. Martin, in
the Book Buyer.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
Ravaoes of Rust.

One large railroad system suffers
a loss of more than eighteen tons of
metal daily, due solely to the effect
of rust Thus far, the only known
preventive is to keep the metal sur.
face always covered with a suitable
paint. Some idea of the costliless of
this remedy, however, may be gained
from the fact that 1t requires about
$4,000 annually to paint one large
railway bridge alone A Typical case
of this kind Is the Forth bridge In
Scotland, upon which corps of
painters are constantly employed, as
the weather makes repainting of one
end of this large structure necessary
before the workers have reached the
other Although experiments have
demonstrated that pure iron sur.
rounded by oxygen does not rust, and
that some acid, especially carbonic
acid, is necessary for the production
of rust, the secret Of manufa curing
rustless steel and iron remaing to be
discovered.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
MOTHER! LOOK At
CH|LD'S TONGUE
If cross, feverish, constipated,
give california Syrup
of Figs"

A laxative today saves a sick child
tomorrow. Children simply will not
take the time from play to empty their
bowels, which become clogged up with
waste, liver gets sluggish; stomach
sour.
Look at the tongue, mother! If coat
ed, or your child is listless, cross, few
erish, breath bad, restless, doesn't eat
heartily, full of cold or has sore throat
or any other children's ailment, give
teaspoonful of California Syrup of
Figs" then don't worry, because it is
perfectly harmless, and in few hours
all this constipation poison, sour bile
and fermenting waste will gently
move out Of the bowels, and you have
a well. playful child again. A thor
ough inside cleansing" is ofttimes all
that is necessary. It should be the
first treatment given in any sickness.
Beware of counterfeit fig syrups.
Ask at the store for 50-cent bottle of
california Syrup of Figs" which has
full directions for babies, children of
all ages and for grown-ups plainly
printed on the bottle. Adv.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
BREEDING SEASON AT HAND
Eggs Must Be Known to Be Fertile
See That Hen Is Properly Fed
Exercise Is Essential.

Setting time is far on the way. A
few items may help the small poulter-
er to make a success of his period of
incubation. First comes the study of
the egg. 1t must be fertile and should
be known 10 be this or much good
time will be lost. Fertility comes
from the male bird, the condition of
the egg when it is put under the hen,
and the condition Of the hen herself
largely determines the hatch. Back of
the egg is the hen. She must be we'll
fed, or, rather, properly fed. or she
cannot produce an egg capable of car
rying the germ to a successful hatch.
Hens that are kept In too close quar-
tiers or in unhealthy quarters are not
apt to lay eggs that will bring forth
strong and healthy chicks. Hens
hat are troubled with lice are in no
condition to produce good eggs. In
word. hens for producing eggs that
are quite. sure to hatcL must have
fresh air, cleanliness. exercise and an
assorted and balanced ration Any
exclusive feed. constantly given. will
pail upon the hen and influence the
egg for evil. Meats, clovers, green
food of any wholesome kind are good
with grain and soft foods. Fowls
with free outdoor exercise are more
apt to lay fertile eggs than hens that
are kept confined.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
(By MRS. c. G. LANE.l

(By MRS. c. G. LANE.)
If you wish to improve your flock
carefully, so you will know the hens
that are the best layers, put these
hens into house by themselves, with
a rooster for each IL hens. Feed them
good variety of food, make them ex-
ercise, and use the eggs from this
house for setting.
If this plan is followed from year to
year, great improvement will be
made in the laying qualities of the
flock.
If you are more especially raising
poultry for market, then select your
breeding hens for those qualities, and
the improvement will be as great
along those lines.
A great deal is heard these days
about pure-bred poultry being so
much better than scrubs, and they GER
tainly are great deal more profitable
than the usual mixed flock.
1t costs no more to keep flock Of
pure breeds than one of mongrels, and
flock of beautiful, high-bred fowls
look much better than one of all sizes,
colors and conditions.
This is an advantage, for the pleas
ure of their beauty helps us to take
more interest in caring for them.
AS regards their being more profit
able, the pure breeds bred for certain
qualities are sure to have those quail
tiles in greater degree than fowls
raised without any regard to these
points.
Thus fowls bred for generations
from the best layers will lay more
eggs than others where this care has
not been taken and the same is true
regarding the size, flesh and general
table qualities. In the poultry bust
ness every extra egg and pound of
flesh counts, so this alone makes suf-
fcient reason for good breeding.
There will also be in the pure-bred
flock uniformity of size, which
makes a better looking crate Of fowls
to send to market and the eggs will be
of the same size and coloring, which
adds greatly to their appearance.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
NEED MORE TRESPAss LAWS
Number of Killed and Injured on
Railroad Tracks of This coun
try Is Enormous.

The American mania for walking
on railroad tracks cost over $4,000
lives in ten years from 1900 to 1910;
$4,000 killed or injured were under
twenty-one years of age-enough, says
the bulletin of the Railway Business
association, ito make mile post for
every mile around the world"
Pointing to the fact that accidents
of this sort for the same period in
England amounted to only 11.6 per
cent of the total in the United States,
the Railway association seeks to lay
the blame to the few and unenforced
trespass laws in this country. Tres
passers in England are fined $40 for
each offense. Trespassing on rail-
roads in France is punishable by
fines up to 1919 and by Jail up to
month. In Germany the fine can be
$25. Canada provides fines as high
as $50 and Imprisonment for two
months.
The bulletin forgets to state that in
most European countries railroad
lines provide far better protection
against trespassing than in the United
States. In England tracks are strong
ly fenced for miles and where fences
end stout hedges take their place.
Trains enter European cities under
ground or on elevated structures or
stop at terminals in the suburbs.
Train yards are well-nigh impenetra-
BILE.
Nevertheless it is true that these
countries make strict rules and regu-
lations to keep the public from TAX
ing risks on railroad property, while
here 35 states have no laws which
specifically prohibit walking on rail-
road right of way. This nations
death toll for a decade is too huge
not to provoke comparisons.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26

! The farmer, in making a start In
pure-bred fowls, if he buys from large
poultry farms, should get what ia
called utility stock, instead of the
fancy birds which are raised for show
purposes.
The utility stock is just as we'll
bred, and perhaps is better for prac
teal purposes, but there is some little
fault possibly in the color of feather
which disqualifies them for show pur
poses.
1t need not be expensive to make the
pure-bred stock. BY looking for the
chance, one may often get few old
hens from a neighbor who has the
desired breed. If this happens to be
neighborly neighbor he will not
charge you much, If anything, in ad
vance over the market price, when he
disposes Of his old hens to make room
for his pullets.
While perhaps these old hens are
not so profitable for him to keep as
the younger ones, still. you can afford
to keep them through the Matching
season, for the sake of getting start
Then buy somewhere good rooster
of the same breed to keep with ,hem
and you have good beginning.
Another way to get start with
pure-bred stock is to get setting OF
eggs and raise the little chicks for the
foundation of your flock
If each year you keep all the pure
bred fowls by themselves during the
breeding season and set all their eggs,
selling off the mongrels as you raise
the others to take their place, it will
not be long before the entire flock
will be changed, and the mongrels will
have disappeared from your farm.
Don't neglect to introduce new blood
into the flock by change of cocks.
Careless inbreeding will ruin the best
flock that ever cackled.
Line breeding, if understood, can be
practiced to advantage, but it is more
trouble than the average farmer cares
to take with poultry, and necessitates
several different breeding pens and
| combining the fowls in them.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
GRADIENTS ARE STEEP
CHILEAN TRANsANDEAN RAIL
ROAD is UNIQUE.
Line Follows Valley of Aconcagua
River, Which Has Many InequaIi-
ties-Route to Europe Greatly
Shortened by 1t.

A great contrast is afforded be-
tween the Buenos Aires and Pacific
railroad from Buenos Aires to Men
doza, which rises only 2,405 feet in
639 miles, giving an average rise of
less than one-tenth of one per cent,
and the Chilean Transandean railroad,
which rises 7,776 feet in total length
of only A miles. The highest point
reached is 1882 feet above sea level
in the center CT the international tun-
mel (10,390 feet long,, which cuts
through the watershed that forms the
boundary between the two countries
The line follows the valley of the
Aconcagua river, the inequalities Of
the fall of which it more or less re-
peats, reaching in the upper sections
a maximum gradient of eight per cent,
the steepest in the world. The Ar
gentine Transandean railroad is SINH
lar, and the same rack system is
used; but the railroad ascends much
more gradually up the course of the
Mendoza river, the rise being $500
feet in length of Ill miles and the
maximum grade only six per cent.
The use of rack grades necessitates
the strictest limitation of speed, no
train being allowed to exceed nine
and one-third miles an hour either up
or down upon the rack, while safety is
further insured by the provision on all
trains of automatic brakes, non-auto-
matte control brakes, repression
brakes and hand brakes. Powerful
double adhesion and rack locomotives
are chiefly employed weighing ninety
tons. That the precautions adopted
to insure safety are efficacious Is
shown by the fact that since interna-
tional traffic was started in 1910 not
a single fatal accident has occurred.
The distance by the Atlantic route
from New York to Buenos Aires is
about $3.50 miles, while that from
New York to Valparaiso through the
Panama canal is about 4,630 miles.
The distance from Valparaiso to
Buenos Aires by rail is S76 miles. BY
this railroad Chile has been brought
nearer to Europe by ten to fifteen
days and nearly 1000 miles. The
journey between the Chilean and Ar
gentine capitals occupies now only
thirty-six hours, as against the fifteen
days that were occupied by the voy-
age through the Straits of Magellan,
while the cost of the journey has been
reduced from $195 to $62.
1t is reported that commerce has
been greatly stimulated by this short
ening of distance and time and that
not only has the easier journey in
creased the number of visitors, partly
on pleasure, partly on business, with
a corresponding increase in the inflow
of foreign capital, but it has reduced
the time required for correspondence
and the transmission of postal parcels.
The reduction Of time on letters of
credit results in a corresponding re-
duction Of interest payable upon them.
Notwithstanding all the advantages
that have been made evident in the
four years since this service com
menced it is unquestionable that they
could be developed to a far greater
extent.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
Have Extra Coop,

1t is well to have single coop hang
ing in the breeding pen into which you
can put the male for extra good feed.
ing. as many males will not get enough
TO eat unless fed separately, 1t is also
good plan to have such coop when
YOU are making close matings-one
male to two or three females. In such
cases keep the male shut up each day
except for little while.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
Keep poas and Cats Away.

Dogs, cats or other animals should
never be allowed to visit the yard
where the hens are kept. These ami.
mails will brighten the fowls and cause
them to become wild and skittish. To
get the best results from your hens
you must keep them gentle and con
tented.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
Free to Our Readers

Write Murine Eye Remedy Co., Chicago, for
48.page illustrated Eye Book Free. Write all
about your Eye Trouble and they will advise
as to the Proper Application of the Murine
Eye Remedies in Your Special Case. Your
Druggist will tell you that Murine Relieves
Sore Eyes, Strengthens Weak Eyes. Doesn't
Smart, Soothes Eye Pain, and sells for Soc.
Try 1t in Your Eyes and in Baby's Eyes for
Scaly Eyelids and Granulation. Adv.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
lpoportan, 70 mo.bara
Diou's Find.

Digenes was searching the streets Of
Athens for the honest man, when sud-
denly the spirit of Ananias sided up
to him and whispered.
"Diogenes, am a liar!"
Whereupon Diogenes scratched his
bald pate for time in perplexity, but
finally, closing his lantern, had to in,
vite the shade home to dinner-Co-
lumbia Jester.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
Its ONLY Meanjnu,

Uncle Roger had been poly for
some time, and had tried with alacrity
every sort Of patent medicine he could
secure.
An old acquaintance hailed him
with:
Hello, uncle How are you'all now.
adays?"
How is I? Wy, bawss, fo' mostly
six hunts meals vittles ain mean
muffin t. me, 'scusin' somepin tub take
medicine atter!"-Judge.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
Ever Happen to You?

Bill-It is said there are 925 sepa-
rate operations in the manufacture OF
a watch that sells for dollar.
Jill-Well, there are more thA,,
that when one has stopped and feL
low is trying to make it go.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
|. ..nL..:,a,a-l..:.a...a:.l.'-a:.a:..a, lI
iii, H.HEHHl-Z!-.H..lH3Z4z.A!.HEss I'LL
Automatic Train Control.

and spaced at distance equivalent
to two blocks, the signals of the next
pair being arranged to lap over or
break joints with the preceding pair,
whereby a reliable interlocking block
signal system is prov1ded.-Sclentific
American.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
Shooting Life Lines,

A gun invented by New Yorker
for shooting life lines from rhip to
ship or ship to shore utilizas the
power of what ordinarily would be
the recoil to add to its effectiveness
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26

Antifrictlon Door Skid.

terposed with relation to the doors
and articles packed in the car in or
der to permit the door to be more
readily opened and without the neces-
sity of breaking or destroying the
door and injuring the contents of the
car.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
Avoid Overcrowdjnu

Do not crowd the growing stock. II
is the surest way to develop roup. The
chicks get overheated during the night
and catch cold Better let them roosl
out In the open than to keep them in
too close quarters.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
Electric Wire Moldlna.

A new electric wire molding from
Germany is made in two sections, the
'rst being attached to wall and the
yires laid in it, after which the CO. II
s sprung on.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
IMPROVEMENT FOR CAR DOOR
What Is Known as the Antifriction
Skid Has Been Looked Upon
With Much Favor.

This invention relates to an i'm
proved antifriction or glide door
skid adapted for use with freight cars
or the like having sliding doors, says
the Scientific American, so as to be in
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
True Generosity.

Mary-Did you give anything to the
poor this winter?
Hazel-Yes; l gave my old shoes.
Mary-Well, there's nothing small
about that kind of charity.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
SIGNALS ARRANGED IN PAIRS
improved Idea for Automatic Train
Control Recently Placed
on the Market.

Among the objects of this invention
is to provide a roadway with con-
tinuous series Of signals arranged in
pairs, the signals of each pair being
on opposite sides Of the railroad track
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
Street Lluhtlnu Lamps.

A test by Swiss city of the rela-
tive efficiency for street lighting Of
nrc and metallic flament lamps was
decided in favor of the latter, chiefly
because more agreeable to the eyes.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
lonu Record of Service.

w. Hanley of Barby, near Selby,
England, signalman on the North
western railroad, has been 40 years
in one signal box and has walked to
and from his work $1,000 miles.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
Smoke Made Into Gas.

In new Belgian smoke consumer
for factories the smoke is driven by
fans into a porous receptacle over
which petroleum flows and is convert
ed into a combustible gas.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
Promotes Neuetation.

The rapid growth of vegetstion in
polar regions, despite the bri I sum
mers, is attributed to the strength Of
the electric currents in tho atmos-
pierre
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
No Chance.

Police Magistrate-So you belong to
the Smith tribe, Ell? What's your full
name?
Prisoner-John Smith, your honor.
Same as when I'm sober.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
Keen Chickens Busv

A head Of cabbage or piece Of meat
iung on string just above the chick.
MS heads will keep them busy for a
ong time.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26
Preuant Drafts

Cover the holes made in the poultr,
house for ventilating with coarse bur
lap. This will prevent drafts.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-03-26

1t isn't always the promising young
man that fulfills the promise.-Dese-
ret News.
The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1915-08-13

If the report that Chief Justice Robertson is to
be sreappolnted proves correct, it will be one OF
the best bits Of news received in Hawaii for some
time. 1t will not only mean the retention of a
most acceptable Judge but the sidetrackng of the
Tennessean, who has already sufficiently distin-
guiShed himself
The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1915-08-13
One Glazing Neglect

II the many discussions of unpreparedness, scant
i attention has been accorded the coast artillery
corps of the army. writes Thomas F. Logan, in
Leslies. Yet here is the most glaring example
of the short-sghtedness of congress with respect
to our national defenses Should there come
war with a maritime power, the United States is
provided with approximately one-sixth of the
number of trained men necessary to make the,
coast defenses effective Immediately. Consider
ably more than one-haIf of the splendid armament
and splendid equipment Of the coast Notifications
of continental United States is in the hands of
caretakers.I
In 1907 congress authorized 10 companies of
ARTILLERY. The actual strength comprises 748
officers and some 1900 men. Since 1907 the per-
sonnet has not been increased, although additional
Notifications have been constructed in the Philip
pines, on the Panama Canal zone and in Hawaii
The RESULT has been the depletion of tie forces
at many of the important Notifications.
At hearing before the senate military commit
tee on the subject of national defense last winter
Senator Thomas, of Colorado, declared the situa-
tio with respect to the coast artillery to be abso
utely criminal Senator du Pont, of Delaware,
concurred in this opinion. Brig. Gen. Erasmus
M. Weaver, chief of the coast artillery, told the
committee that there about I'll officers and
1000 men now in the coast artillery in the United
States proper who are fairly competent to manage
the coast defenses which have cost the nation
millions and millions of dollars to construct and
equip. The number is mere triAe as compared
with the number that would be required should
the country go to war. 1T should be understood"
said General Weaver, that if we should have war
with a maritime power this whole equipment
would have to be effective at once The coast line
Immediately would become the threatened line,
and there would be no time to train men to- de-
tend it,"