The Cordova daily times., 1915-07-15

garrisons at Nogales, Naco and
 Cananea. In former years under the
 Diaz administration these Indians had
 been driven into southern Sonora by
 continued fighting along the Arizona
 border in which they met the federal "rurales," Mexico's rural police which
 was considered the most efficient fight. ing arm of the former dictator The forceful eriling into southern Mexico of large numbers of YaquI men had failed to break the warlike spirit of the race.
 Rumors asserted that the YaquI leaders were controlling the Maytor. ena government. These were denied officially until the more recent de- velopments showed that the so-called "pacifico" Yaquis were working in conjunction with their "broncho" or wild, brothers In their lifelong at. tempt to regain the valley farming lands now developed to a high degree by the American farmers. The Am erican colonists had bought the land from the Mexican owners, who in turn had secured It through government or private concessions in about the same manner as the American Indians ter. ritory in the United States was colon. i2ed and developed. The state govern. ment found itself powerless to pre- vent the raids by the "broncho" In- since the large proportion of Indian troops would not permit warfare against their hill tribesmen. This led to the sending down the west coast of American marines with orders to land If necessary to save the lives of the American settlers who though in grave danger would not leave their farms In fear Of losing their crops and property.
 The Yaquis' rival, but first cousin. Is the Mayo Indian whose lands closely adjoin the Yaqui Valley. The Mayo though of good fighting ability and frequently victorious over the Yaqui tribe, Is of a more peaceful in- clination and has retained by diplo- matic means some valuable farming land The Mayo also entered the revolutionary struggle. Large mum. bers of the Mayo braves joined the Carranza ranks, and have been assist ing materially in the Obregon vic tories over the Villa army in central Mexico. This left the Yaqui in undis- puted control in Sonora. The plan, formerly suggested. of playing the Mayo against the Yaqui could not be employed since the bulk of the Mayo men had been removed.
 The racial characteristics of the Yaqui Of Mexico are similar to those of the Apache, who caused continued warfare in the early development of the southwestern United States. The Yaqui Is credited with direct relation ship to the Apache. Like his northern cousin. the Yaqui has been guilty of all manner of brutality directed against his prisoners, and is known to have employed modes of torture as skillful as those of the ancient Chin ese This has caused a fear of the Yaqui which was not due entirely to his military ability. The Yaqui was the first Mexican tribe to become fully armed with rifles. and to become skill full in their use. Other tribes along the west coast still employ the bow and arrow for hunting and in some cases In fighting any alien invaders.
 While retaining his tribal tongue and savage customs, the Yaqui be- came skilled in military methods. He kept his skilful manner of guerrilla warfare. but adopted to large extent some European methods. In the at- Jacks on the Sonora-Arizona border towns the Yaqui troops made desper- ate assaults on the Carranza trenches, charging the positions much in the manner of the European soldier. It had been difficult to make the Mexi- can troops do this.
 The YaQui in his natural stage of development had used small q