davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Marble Hill press. (Marbel [sic] Hill, Mo.) 1881-1923, 1915-09-23
LOT OF The SERBIAN WOMAN
To Her Falls the Hard Work OF the
Household While Her Husband
Guards Nations Freedom. n

"A hon, a..-a 1900. a. -
muse IS nOt Duseu "'" Ine
GROUND but upon woman" is a POD
uIaf proyerb in Montenegro. echoed
heartily by others Of the Serbian race.
Nniohg the Serbs women are burdened
from their marriage day with harder
WORK than the men because they have
W use The sickle as well as the spin
mug wheel, TO tend the docks with q
piece Of knitting or embroidery in
lheF hands, and to build haystacks
IHdt VIII DO them as much credit as
IAe earthenware crockery which Ia
maze N summer for the use OF the
whole household.
The Serbian cottage contains no pot
ters wheel, and the rough clay has to
be pounded with an AK and worked In.
TO a paste by mixing with hot water.
Dough is placed in these primitive
dishes, which are supplied with hooks
10 draw them from the embors, where
the bread has been baked very slowly.
In Montenegro the curiOusly shaped
SHOES called Opauke are always home
MADE, and, owing to the primitive ma
lure OF the mountain roads, often have
10 be renewed. II is considered de-
grading for man TO take up any
trade. The men lead a pastoral and
"aflke existence, and disdaiu TO carry
burdens on their backs, though they
treat the women OF their household
with kindness and ore yavoy ly,,u.r 10
Marble Hill press. (Marbel [sic] Hill, Mo.) 1881-1923, 1915-09-23

As near as can remember. Il was
u little after one o'clock when the
commanding suddenly became much
heavier, and | stepped out into the
orchard, from which there Is a wide
view Of the plain. ! gave one look;
then heard myself Say: "Amelle"-
as Z! she could help--aud rctreated.
Am'l.e rushed by me | heard her
say Mon Dieu," ! waited. but she
ga not coae back. After bit pulled
mT75lt together, went out again. and
'".owcd down 10 the hedge where she
VAS standing, looking of to the plain.
Tho battle had advanced right over
o." crest Of the hill Tho sun was
shining brilliantly on silent MareuIl
and Chauconin. but Nontyon and
f'"0hard were euyeloped in smoke.
F-.n the eastern and western ex.
'."'.os OF the plain We could see
a.. artillery fire. but owing 10 the
so hanging over tho crest OF the
Drill I'D the horizon Il was impos HE
- ayt an idea OF the positions OF the
arm ns
tried % remember what the Eng
l." soldiers had said--that the Ger.
r..s We're, Il possible, to be pushed
'.t ~ which case the artillery 1t
t. sest must ho either the French
Ena'sh The hard thing to bear
~ .aat Il was All cu0jerturr
Marble Hill press. (Marbel [sic] Hill, Mo.) 1881-1923, 1915-09-23

The Island Of Romblon is. Tor tie
size, one of the most prosperous and
thrifty Of the Philippine islands. It's
population Is about $4,000 Il has
three profitable Industries which yield
a Eooi annual return to the people
after paying for the principal food
staple Of the people rice-whlch 1.
largely imported Coprs. white ma.
bic. and burr hats are the export.
which account Tor most OF the island,
prosperity.
Marble Hill press. (Marbel [sic] Hill, Mo.) 1881-1923, 1915-09-23
Night Iood-the KIND The system re-
quires goes long way toward putting one
on The Road to MELVILLE.
This road leads to comfort. happiness
and long life


is a delicious food scientifically prepared from
wheat and barley
In the making, the starch of the grams
is partially pre-disested for quick and easy
assimilahon-and furnishes the nourishment
Nature requires for the daily rebuilding of
body and brain.
1t pays to keep oneself in the highest
condition of physical and mental visor
Marble Hill press. (Marbel [sic] Hill, Mo.) 1881-1923, 1915-09-23
The Best Mill

canno nnd good -four from wheat the human
health from food and drink which i Ito the
Marble Hill press. (Marbel [sic] Hill, Mo.) 1881-1923, 1915-09-23
There's Reason" for Grape-Nuts

Sold by Crooers everywhere
Marble Hill press. (Marbel [sic] Hill, Mo.) 1881-1923, 1915-09-23
WATCHING A BATTLE
American Woman Describes Her
Experience.
from Her House She Could Hear and
Nots the Effects Of the Fearful Can
nonadino During the Fighting
on the Marine.

From a.. authentic letter written by
an American woman, Mildred Aldricb,
living alone ne2r Huiry-sur Marine, TO
q friend in America The letter from
whics the following IS an extract, was
written on September S, 1914. Preced
ing It were other letters telling OF the
coming Of the English soldiers and the
tense excitement Of distant cannonad.
'ag They are published in the Allan.
!.e Monthly.
The sun., 1915-05-30
Heat treating laboratory showing electric and gas
Everything Must Under
60 Exhaustive Analy-
sis Giant Machines
That Crush Steel with
Million Pound Force

present condition of the paint on the
cars used in those tests indicates
strongly that the artihcialy dried
paint is more durable than that dried
n the ordinary manner in the open
air.
a new addition to he facilities of
the test department Is the chemical
test cara fully equipped laboratory
on wheels. The car has just been
completed. 1t is designed especially
for the purpose Of making t-sts and
inspections Of steel rails at the point
OF manufacture
When in use. the car will be moved
to mill whore rails are being ryll. d,
and chemical analyses will be imme-
dately made of the finished rails
This procedure, 1t is expected. will
avoid the delays which at times occur
IN the operation of the mills. and
Which cannot he avoided without hav-
ing a sufficient force Of chemists on
hand during tn rolling process t. see
that the chemical requirements Of the
railroads specifications are compl ed
with.
An interesting feature Of the depart
~ - llit ltSlIllS DldUl.
The old method of testing a locomo-
tive-the one Kiplng has vividly de-
scribed-was 10 take il out on the
track, hitch it to a train of loaded
cars and see what il could actually
do on levels, grades. curves and
straight track. Now everything that
could be learned by such methods, and
more too. is ascertained with scicn-
f-t.
The locomotive test plant is vlr-
tually treadmill on which the engine
runs. Its drivers. instead of resting
n rails, turn against the upper side
Of heavy wheels. and BY applying
brakes to these wheels any conditions
OF resistance met in actual work On
the road can be duplicated. The
engine. instead of pulling train. pulls
against dynamometer. which is
machine for measuring the pulling
force.
In the locomotive test plant such
matters as maximum speed, maximum
traCt!ve power, starting power and
fuel consumption are studied with uhe
greatest accuracy About twenty-s!N
men are kept busy making the Loco
motive tests. This plant is the prnci-
pal one Of its kind in existence.
Supplementing the locomotive test
pant is the dynamometer car. This
Is specially designed car. equipped
with dynamometer and used for
measuring the pull required To haul
given train. For this purpose. Of
course, the car is inserted between the
locomotive and the remainder Of the
train. 1t Is used for making practical
tests, under actual operating Condi-
tions, # the force required to draw
trains consisting of cars of various
types and number, over tracks of all
characters.
The sun., 1915-05-30

Bingham was deeply Interested in this
work and the drafts were made under
his personal supervision. These stud
les were referred to the Secretary OF
War and finally approval was secured
for the new flag described in General
Order No. 13 of March 2S. 1898. At
the same time the army regulations
We're amended so as to prescribe that
the Presidents flag should be flown
when the latter made official visits
to fortresses, military posts, at re-
views or in the field.
According to the regulations the
flag is "of scarlet bunting, l3 feet
fly and feet hoist. In each corner
is a five pointed white star Of five
inch radius to the tips. In the centre
OF. the scarlet field is a large fifth
star, also of five points, feet 3
inches In radius to the tips. Inside
of this star Is a parallel star. sep
arated from it by n band of white.
,hree inches wide.
THE inner star forms n blue field.
upon which is the official coat of arms
of the United States, agreeably to the
design Of the stat Department. On
the scarlet field around the large star
are as many stars as there are States
m the Union, equally scattered in the
reentering angles, and all included
within the circumference of an
imaginary circle three feet and a
quarter in radius. In the upper point.
over the eagle, is constellation of
thirteen stars representing the orig
nal thirteen States of the American
Confederation"
The Presidents own stand of colors
is of scarlet silk, 6H feet fly and 4
feet on the pike--the latter being 10
feet long, including the fcrule and
head. The slken flag duplicates the
colors and the design Of the big flag.
president Mckinley accepted his
personal stand OF colors although he
The sun., 1915-05-30

nnVnr rn 90 uritfnn GoprtIOD fO fhpir
cra,tion ,nJ whom durinr tho war
win Snain tho war room was fitted nm
in the White Uouse thai red flag was
spread upon the wall of the adjoining
Cabinet room and so remained during
the neriod of hostilities.
Publicly the flag was displaycd in
1899 during the peece celebration in
Chicago and in Philadelphia and twice
ofterward il formed mart Of the dec
oratlons at army and navy receptions
in the White House during Mr.. Nc
Kinlev's regime II was never broken
70 the breeze however until March 4.
1901 when II few over the presiden-
tial revi.winp stand in front ~ tho
Executive Mansion.
The sun., 1915-05-30

navy his presence was indicated by
noisting the Stars and Stripes at the
mainmast head. When he appeared
at an army post the great garrison
flag reserved for times OF special cere-
mony was displayed on the Flagstaff.
In the navy This absence OF dis
tinguishing flag was felt on certain
occasions when visiting royalty came
to our shores. Accordingly, by gen
eral order issued on August 10, 1882,
the Secretary of the Navy directed
that 1.-THE flag of the President OF the
United States shall consist f blue
ground with the arms of the United
States in the centre and shall be of
the dimensions prescribed for the Ad-
mirars flag No. l. The flag shall be
hoisted at the main of the vessel Of
war while the President is on board
and shall be carried in the bow of his
boat"
1t was still ordered that Old Glory
should be used to indicate the pres
cnce of the NiccI'reS ident or an eX-
President of the. United States. 1t was
really to do away with this use of the
Stars and Stripes. properly standing
for the nation, that personal flag for
the Nce-Presdent was recently
adopted.
While the navy had Presidential
flag as far back as 1882 it was not
until early in 1898 that the President
had a distinctive military flag. Gen.
Theodore Bingham, then Colonel
and in charge Of public parks in
Washington, suddenly awakened to
the deficiency and brought the matter
to the attention of President McKin-
ley
Being Of modest disposition Mr..
Mckinley dcmurred to the suggestion
OF a special flag, but thr War Depart
ment was bent upon following the ex-
ample set by the navy and the work
OF preparing a design was begun. Col.
The sun., 1915-05-30

crophotographic room, where small
portion Of the etched end is magniied
some hundreds or thousands of tmes
and photographed. The study of these
photographs constantly enlarges
knowledge of the causes Of flaws. how
they may be avoided and how the in
ternal structure OF metals may be i'm
proved and strengthened. About 25,-
600 Photographic prints are made in
year.
A passenger car out of service is a
liability, not an asset. 1t earns money
only when il works. When it is idle.
1t is an expense. Interest on the in
vestment never stops. 1t is the aim
Of a railroad management to keep its
cars as nearly as possible continuously
employed Every day car spends n
the shops means a loss.
To cut this loss down to the smallest
practicable limits, the test department
several years ago took up the study Of
means TO reduce the time required for
The sun., 1915-05-30

being capable of tearing a slab OF steel
apart was designed principally for use
in testing the tensile strength OF
heavy steel work. The direction OF
the machines operation. however, can
be reversed so that 1t crushes instead
Of rends. When used this way it can
crumple up the frame of locomotive
as though 1t were pasteboard. This
machine exerts pushtor pull equiva-
lent to the combined power of twenty
five heavy freight locomotives work.
ing together on level track.
Researches Of very different char
acter into the qualities OF steel are
made by means of photography In
this work small sample of the steel
is taken in the form of a cylinder
about an inch in diameter and OF
equal thickness. One end Of the sam
pie is highly polished and then etched
with nitric acid to bring out the mi
mute grain of the metal.
The sample is then sent to the m
The sun., 1915-05-30

drying car after painting. The pros
pect of successfully solving the prob
lem was not very bright, as previous
experience had shown that quick dry
.ng paints were much less durable
than those needing two days or longer
To dry. Finally, experiments Were
made with baking the slow drying
paints. The results, thus far, give
every promise Of success,
4 mammoth oven has been con-
structed into which the largest car can
be run The doors are tightly closed
and the temperature is raised to above
the boiling point of water. In three
hours the paint is completely dry and
hard and the car ready for service.
This process has reduced by 95 per
cent. the time required for drying and
by 80 per cent. the time car is held
out of service for the entire operation
of rcpainting.
The first tests Of oven drying paint
We're made about two years ago, The
The sun., 1915-05-30

down the structure of particles COM
posing the bolt material and causes it
to give way.
To test the ability Of bolts Of vari-
Gus qualities and sizes to stand up
under these conditions a machine has
been devised which duplicates this
combination of shearing and bending
strains. A number Of bolts can be
tested at once. The machine works
automatically by electric power, while
dial like that Of cyclometer records
the number Of bends before the bolts
break.
Car springs are tested in a machine
which alternately congresses and re-
leases them beneath a heavy weight.
thus initiating closely the rocking OF
car In rapid motion. After thou
sands Of compresslons. which are
automatically recorded, the machine
is stopped and the spring taken out
and measured for loss of elasticity
and for permanent set.
The machine already referred to as
The sun., 1915-05-30

use longer than two weeks at a time
without visit to the shops for repairs
or testing. Repairs and renewals eat
up large slice Of the railroads dollar
every year.
One Of the most important duties of
the test department is to devise means
for checking the inroads Of age-to
plan parts and invent materials If
longer life, in order that the cost Of
every investment in car or locomotive
may be spread over a greater number
Of years. Constant experiments are
being performed with these objects in
view.
Ingenious means have been con-
trived TO make the tests as nearly as
possible like the conditions Of actual
service. In doing this some unusual
problems have been met and solved.
For instance. the staybolts Of a
locomotive are subject not only to a
simple pull but also to a peculiar
twisting. bending motion which is
very slight but which in time breaks
The sun., 1915-05-30

Chemistry, Bacteriology
and Physics Aid to
Hold Down Big Com
pany's Annual Bill of
Over $1O0, 100000

r VERY time the clock ticks off
r. minute the Pennsylvania Rail-
- road spends $l91.63 for sup
plies. In year it buys $780,
7.2 .OO6 worth of material Of such wide
diversity as coal and soft soap, ink
and feather busters. steel and paint,
garden hose and blue vitriol.
No housekeeper who goes to market
10 : lect provisions for her table Is
more careful Of her purchase money
than the railroad Is when its purchas-
ing agent goes out to buy. 1t keeps
$50 men. including thirty odd scien-
lists. busy testing the materials that
go into everything it uses, whether 1t
be piece Il plush for car seat or
piston rod for a locomotive. These
men constitute the test department.
which has recently been housed in IA
structure in Altoona, Pa, costing.
with It's equipment, more than quar-
ter Of a million dollars. Here IS one
Of the largest and most complete
plants in the world for making chem
,cal and physical tests Of materials.
Imagine a machine that can grip the
u
fence post and stretch it out, like a
rubber band, until it snaps under
strain Of million pounds Imagine.
also. the delicacy Of a balance that
VII weigh accurately the ten-thou-
sandth part Of gram-one three
hundred-thousandth of an ounce.
Then you have an idea how great Is
the range of experimental work per-
formed at the test shop.
The plush used in repairing car
seats must have a specified number of
threads 10 the square inch in warp.
woof and pile. The drinking water
and ice supplied in cars must pass the
microscope Of a bacteriologist. Steel
for rails, rail joint and plates, for the
wheels, frames. axles. trucks. springs
and sides Of cars and locomotives, AMI
for piston rods. cylinders, boilers and
other engine parts must stand vari-
ETY. of tests for tensile strength, rigid
ity, hardness, toughness, elasticity,
chemical composition, evenness of
"gra.n' or internal structure, and for
ability 10 withstand repeated bend
ing and temperature changes.
In the chemical laboratory more
'han 10000 routine tests are made per
year involving over quarter Of a
million separate determinations. From
hve TO six thousand special tests are
also made annually, involving $4,000
10 10000 determinations. The steel
section Of the laboratory has facilities
Tor analy2lng 100 900 samples a year.
Everything that Is used on a rail-
road begins to age and wear out from
Inc mrnent 1t goes into use. The
WanderlnEs Of steel car or loco
motive are merely circuitous trails
IRON the construction shops to the
scrap pile. Parts give way before the
whole, hence constant repairs are
necessary, \ locomotive is rarely in
The sun., 1915-05-30

for the President the outcom" WAS
virtually three. To adopt the navy
flag for the army for carriage with
truops-as corps or regimcntal flags
Of the army are borne-meant the
chance of confusion when seen from
a distance. The naval flag for the
President would he hard to distin-
guish from the infantry regimental
standard Of blue. Again, for senti-
mental reasons, the army Presidential
flag of red had actually been displayed,
as the navy flag never had been, as
the badge of the President as COM
mander in chief in time of war.
As a result an enlarged copy of the
Nays Presidential flag correspond
ing in dimensions to the red pres-
dental flag OF the army is now shown
The sun., 1915-05-30

on ceremonial visits Of the chief EN-
rcutlve To military posts, being holsted
to the truck alongside of the stars
and stripes. This means two presi-
dental blue flags differing only n
size, the larger being for military use.
Should the President take the field
IN time of war either actually or con-
structively then the silk banner of
red would fly over his headquarters
The Nice-lres dents flag will differ
from the naval blue one only in that
the accepted coat of arms will be en-
hlaZoned upon white feed. Some
thing must yet De done for cX-Presi-
dents, Some one has suggested that
this emblem hc green, but whether as
token Of envy or new political hope
Is not explained.
The sun., 1915-05-30

\ EW YORK city recently adopted
new municipal flag. The
NlCe-president OF the United
states IS hereafter to have his per-
sohal emblem in bunting. Thus the
Nst oi special flags grows.
The Nicc-President would not be
hon rcd in this fashion if a precedent
Aad "o, already been set. Cabinet Off
GERS ana he assistant secretaries of
'eflah Of the executive departments
are 70. ppsS'ssOrs of distinctive flags.
WY shouldn't the Vice-Presidcnt of
,he '',"d States have something to
nau"l up II the breeze when happen
INK around IN his official capacity?
lhr President Of the United States
The sun., 1915-05-30

has really three distinguishing flags.
and before two of them were finally
settled upon the State, War and Navy
departments were called into consul
tation. The State Department was
concerned in the matter of the heraldic
accuracy OF the great seal which fig
ured prominently in the designs. 1t
is mt generally known that the ma
tional seal and the national flag, which
are supposed to harmonZe, have been
at variance ever since 1882, when
for the die.
Prior to 1882 the President Of the
United States was without a personal
flag. When he visited ship OF the
The Nevada County picayune., 1915-10-08

opened last Monday. NeyaM fore have we seen so mud school interest here; the enroll ment is mere than double tha of any previous year. There in attendance boarders faa several counties. The facaqI consists o.: Prof. 0sca: DasI son, Principal, High Sehd.I Miss Joe Wheeler Dawson, lF ternediate; Miss Mary Gee, Pft| mary and Miss Melburn, massl
 On next Saturday. 0ctObers3 there will be a basket dinni| public speaking and gens's| educational rally here. Pn] J. l.. Bond, State SupervlsOf N Rural Schools was here MOndla and assisted the faculty mo ganizing the school, and li N pected to be back to take PH in the rally. Come and get s'a1 of the school spirit; it will idP you. 0ring a well-flled basEspa ' will help us. And thus, Weaa '.a help one another, and 80 lulA' the royal law,
 Don't croak. Leave tns' frogs and stagnant poolS' few croakers though are ns'''' ary in every commuhlV measure the rate of progress which live men are adVaD''s
The Nevada County picayune., 1915-10-08
MHeEL.h SPRINGS

Mr. P,sey has completed is beautiful new residence.
 Mrs. J, B. Nunn is attending the General Meeting Of the Pres byterian Church in Memphis this week.
 Rev. McPherson of Arkadel- phia is conducting revival al the Baptist Church. He is Ge- liyering some splendid discoufSes and the peopl. are receiving them gladly.
 The Wheeler High School
The Nevada County picayune., 1915-10-08
ADVERTISING RATES

Display ads. per inchsper issue l2 l-2 Display ads, per inch per issue plate ltc Locals cents5per line each insertlou and run until ordered out.
 Legal advertisements at legal rates prescribed by statute.
 Political communications where ind. vidual interests are at stake, and a. other matter not purely of news nstuI will be charged for at the rate of {. cents per line
The Nevada County picayune., 1915-10-08

F. P. Harris of route x. .l| , I'casant call a' ne f"'' office. this morniog' a
 Mir. and Mrs. G. G c'a3 .,',| route 2 were Presco" Wednesday.
 Pulaski County ta,f' :, 92oJ' Rock. Ark, October 18th U \. For this occasion the ot' !. l prs. & S. Ky. will sell tlchs1' ,.tur, colt to Little Rock anu o,,osl for S3. 90, ticket on sale O' son. 18th to 22nd inclusive aa,s 4 passage to commence 0l, a1,.n eat Iisl sale and bear final return ,sirI Mi to reach original starunE, E,sJ. prior to midnight of ocl' I,,s a,spt
 c. A. Hays As''