davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-05-15

Young Lawyer Convicted Of
= Crime Sentence Oommunted
by Pardon Board.

The State Board. of Pardons COM
posed of Governor Hammond, who
had the endorsement Of labor, sAttor-
ney General Smith, through whose
office both convictions were secured,
and Chief Justice Brown, commuted
the sentence Of w. J. Sullivan, a
young law student; of Crosby, imph-
Gated in the kidnapping of a striker
in Grow Wing county last year. The
board formally commuted the sem
tence which has never been enforced
to expire July IS: 49, .
y = =. Not In Jail. ; =
Young Sullivan although. convicted
before two courts has never spent any
of his time in Jail while his two COM
patriots in the crime are at the pres
ent time, serving their sentence.
George c. Payne and Peter L. New
man, who were also convicted have
had their sentences commuted.
{ A great deal r., of pressure was
brought to bear on the board -'of par
dons from various, friends of Sullivan
and it is being wondered by many
whether the same clemency and con.
sideration would have been shown fol
the offender had he been a striker in.
stead of a tool for the mining corpora
ton.
:. Action, for damages is pending
against a number Of those alleged t.
have been concerned in the kid
mapping. The striker is the plaintiff
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-05-15
DETROIT LABOR RAPS
: t.; e.: CARNEGIE LIBRARY
=: 10 -
Attribu,> u cat Of Library Ref
erendum 20 Carnegie's Offer
of Money.

DETROIT, Mich, May 14.-Detroit
union labor is bitterly opposed to the
city Of Detroit accepting money from
Andrew Carnegie for the building of
a public library. -.
The Federation of Labor has put
itself on record against the accept
ance of any Carnegie donation for
such purpose.
1t appointed special committe to
interview the library commission and
to lodge protest against the ac-
ceptance of any money from the un-
ion labor hater.
Union labor is against glorifying
Andrew Carnegie" declared Delegate
Tobin, in calling the attention OF the
delegates to the library question.
Union labor is opposed to the city
building library and chiseling the
name of Andrew Carnegie on 1t. We
want no monument to Andrew Cor
negie.
This body should appoint a COM
'mittee to visit the library commission
and ask If it will accept money from
a man who has crushed out the blood
of the working class in order to make
his millions.
IF one cause helped defeat the
week, it was the fact that Carnigie
offered to give money for library.
II for one am certainly opposed to
taking money from Carnigie or his
like"
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-05-15

ulation. Of "a total of 1915 miles the
state owns 1887. It also owns splen-
did line of steamships which ply on
the: English channel in connection
with the roads. -
SWITZERLAND. N. +,
SWITZERLAND nationalized her
- railroads between 1900 and 1909.
Prior to that time they had been
owned by private corporations and
while: several proposals were 4 placed
before the people, by referendum to
purchase them, the measures had been
rejected owing to- the =belief Ststhat the
purchase price was too high Follow-
Ing: a system Of accounting introduced
by the government new proposal was
submitted in 1897 which, was approved
by. a large majority of the voters =
',. - =. :: ITALY. = r. .* - /.
DAILWAY development in italy was
Nfslow. In 1856 there were three
main systems which we're leased
to-, private operators for. sixty years
with the ;proviso that the. government
could retake. them at any twenty year
period. The option was exercised at
the end of the first term, and by 1917
out Of a total Of 10,705 miles the gov
eminent owned $3.50 miles, which in
cluded all the lines OF Importance. !.
I The railroads Of Russia and Austria
Hungary have been nationalized by
much the same process and for the
same reasons. s.. s::!Ss E - z;-, sT.s a
d. ~ e>> TX FRANCE. IL .'=s$ 8
I DRIVATE ownership predominates
! in France, although q few minor
lines are owned by the state. while
lin Great Britain there are no public
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-05-15

dency in 1916 will declare for it.
Other forces are making the same
direction. Investigations of half
dozen great systems have disclosed
that the railways are not operated by
experts but by bankers; that to the old
abuses of irresponsible operators is
added the new and equally grave abuse
of high finance, of interlocking Ein-
terests, of favored contracts, as well
as of management interested. even
more in speculation and stock jobbing
than in railrOading.
Immense sums are needed for i'm
provements and extensions for ter
Investors are suspicious of the rail-
ways, while the railroads add to this
suspicion by cries of bankruptcy.
Unless the railways themselves rise to
a campaign for confidence the indus
erial needs Of the country may lead
to g. breakdown of private financing
which will align the shipping interests
in a demand for government owner
ship and operation.
Regulation has not put an. end to the
conflict of interest between the rail-
ways and the public. Rather it has
intensified the struggle A quarter OF
century Of the Interstate Commerce
Commission has not ended favoritism,
free services or the other evils aimed
at by the law. The alternatives are
more, and still more regulation or
government ownership and operation.
~ WHAT EUROPE DOES -
WHAT lessons has Europe to offer
W. to the solution: Of this' problem
A survey Of other countries
shows that almost all of the nations
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-05-15
MERRITT REFUSr!~
TO APQ[OGIS;i:;
Tells Conductors to "Go to Hell'
When Protest Is
Made.
JITNEY BUS CAUSE
OF ALL THE TROUBLE
Merritt Advices Company to
Protect Themselves Against
"Crooked" Cons.

That the jitneys must be regulated
is no longer a question to be discussed.
The jitney bus is causing entirely too
much trouble for the citizens Of Du-
luth and unless they are taken In
hand mighty soon Duluth may be hu-
inflated by seeing one Of her COM
missioners in court or else nursing
Il black eye.
Tuesday Commissioner Merritt was
visited by delegation from the street
railway conductors who demanded an
apology from the commissioner be-
cause of a statement made during the
discussion of the Jitney ordinance last
Monday.
The statement made by the COM
missioner that has caused all the
trouble was as follows: From my own
observation, l know that the pay as
you enter car would save the company
much revenue in the way Of missed
fares and knock DOWNS which would
to some extent make up the deficit
caused by jitney competition.
Merritt Denies Charge.
In explanation of the above state
ment Commissioners Merritt stated that
he accused nobody of stealing fares
and unless the complainers were steal
ing fares they had no complaint to
make.
At this point Conductor Johnson
made u threatening retort that the
next time ''you accuse ME Of knocking
down thcre'll be some thing doing in
this office. you'll apologize or we'll
make YOU"
Go to hell, with your threats" was
Merritts reply, and Immediately upon
leaving the office the men called upon
At orney Watts who Is associated with
the attorneys for the Duluth Street
Railway company.
Answers Counter Charge.
TO an alleged charge that was made
Blythe conductors at. one of their
meetings. that Commissioner Merritt
operates two jitneys, the commissioner
characterized the charge as a lie, that
he had simply sold car to-the high
est bidder who happened to be a jit-
ney driver.
The grievance of the conductors
was placed in the hands of Attorney
W. A. Watts.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-05-15

lines. The French contract with the
companies is probably the most ad-
Vantageous OF any country. Conces-
s1ons were granted for ninety-nine
years with the provision that on the
termination of the grant, the lines
should pass to- the state with compen-
sation for certain expenditures. It is
claimed. that under these grants the
state will come into possession. Of
property between ] $50 and 1860 worth
in excess Of the total national debt.
The state owns z, 1876 miles Of lines
which were taken over because the
private companies managed them so
badly; They. were never, a financial
success, and their showing under gov
ernment ownership is frequently un-
fairly held up as proof Of the failure
of state operation. :. -.5.<:,%.;.
!: 4 ..r. H., ENGLAND. ;. Is. -, - -.
GREAT BRITAIN is the only large
NJ country In Europe that has not
nationalized the roads. And even
the opponents Of public ownership are
united that the roads are In a bad way.
The. capitalizati on; IL very. high, partly
because the roads have capitalized all
improvements and paid out all earn
ings in dividends In consequence,
rates are oppressively high and i'm
pose 8a serious burden on the British
shipper in composition with Germany.
All Of these conditions are making for
the government ownership of the lines.
British critics say that the cre edit Of
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-05-15
INJUNCTION FIGHT
- WON BY PRINTERS

OLYMPIA, Wash. May IA The
a Tacoma court in refusing to
continue a. temorary injunction
against the Typographical union
of that city.
The order was issued last. year
on the request of a company the
typos were attempting to union
ize. The workers combatted the
injunction, which the court, after
hearing the evidence, refused to
continue. The comapny carried the
case to the supreme court, which
has sustained the lower court
and assessed all costs on appel
lants.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-05-15
l. The Extent and History of Public Ownership.

of the world have nationalized the rail-
roads. The three great exceptions are
the United States, Great Britain and
France. And almost all of these coun-
tries adopted public operation after a
more or less extended experience with
private operation. In all, forty-three
independent nations have decided in
favor of the policy of state ownership,
although in number of cases some of
the lesser lines have been left in priv
ate hands.
These nations include Russia, Ger
many, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Nor
way, Portugal, Denmark, Belgium, the
Australian states, India, Brazil, Bull
garia, Japan, Roumania, Servia, Siam,
Sweden. Switzerland and Turkey,
canada owns some lines, as does
France. Holland owns the lines but
has leased, them to private operators:
Guatemala is the only state in which
the railways have been built by the
state and then transferred to private
parties. = ...
Generally the railways were built
by private corporations rather than by
the state and after period of private
operation the nation acquired them.
In number of states the government
granted aids to the companies either
7 In the form of subscriptions to the
stock'or by guarantees Of interest
49, GERMANY. p.
FOLLOWING the Franco Prussian
war, Germany found her railways
inadequate to the rapid industrial
development of the country. The
roads were unwilling to make needed
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-05-15
OHIO COAL MINERS
WIN LONG .| V STRIKE ]
13 Months Strike Brings Victory
To Coal Diggers. AZ cents
and Run-of- Mine. 6
"LABoR" LEGISLATORS
DOUBLE CROSS MINERS
Settlement Made in. Face Of Bad
Conditions. Agreement
'-i@2 Only for One Year.


The Ohio coal strike is ended, the
miners receiving the AZ cents, run-of
mine.l II - 49, >. =
, The Gallagher Bill has become a
law and in view of that fact, the run
of-mine settlement with some conces
sions on deadwork is victory of con-
Importance.
: The scale WAS signed by the scale
committee at Cleveland Thursday and
a call issued to the miners for =
special convention to be held at the
auditorium in Wheeling in few days
to ratify the scale.
Will Make Report. 5ts 81
AT this meeting the national officers
and scale committee will make a de-
tailed report of the many conferences
held in Cleveland.-A thorough expla
nation of the new conditions under
which coal will be mined will be made
and as the report will be accompanied
by a recommendation from the ma
tional officers and the scale committee.
to accept it, it is generally understood
the scale will be ratified and the
mines placed in operation after
strike of more than Is months.
The: passage of, the Gallagher Bill
makes it optional with the miner and
the operator to settle scales on either
the run OIL mine or the screen system..
killing: the effect secured by the
Greene Bill. Ss%
While the, scale signed covers only
19o nAva IL ~,<xf7
hesitate in saying that there will al
ways be trouble prevailing in Ohio, as.
the miners will never accept the old
system of having the coal screened.
This will he the bone of contention
and will be fought out at the signing.
of@every scale in the Ohio coal fields.
s. A VICTORY.
VVhile rae NH r1efs tpeeafd
taiI they wanted, nor alEy they are en-
titled to, yet the peculiar conditions
make Of the settlement quite asvictory
! The Gallagher bill was forced
| through the Ohio legislature which
wiped out the Green anti-screen law,
and since the miners had been fight
ing for its enforcement, their political
betrayal left. them helpless on that
field. The men who were elected to
the legislature as the miner4 friends
deliberately turned against them.
Then there are the existing financial
conditions, which have made business
bad in all directions In many indus
tries men have accepted reductions as
a. result of this, and the coal Industry
has suffered keenly since it is the
base of so many others.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-05-15
FOUR sTR1KEBREAKERs
;~ %.MUST=SERVE TERMS

LANSING, Mich, May 14.-Four
alleged strikebreakers involved in the
copper mine strike in the upper pen
insula two years ago, must serve sem
tences in Marquette prison for man
slaughter, according to a ruling by
the state supreme court today. The
men are James Cooper, Arthur Davis,
William Croft and Edward Polking-
horne. They are to serve from seven
to ten years. s.;:.-<...s=
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-05-15
By DIR. FREDERIC e. HOWE

efficient and Indifferent to the comfort.
and convnience Of the public while the
employees are paid, such low wages
that wage controversies are always i'm
mient. Most of the conditions com-s
planned of in America are found III
Great Britain in-some Of them being far
worse. 80. {
~, A FEW REASONS.
THE evolution Of: the; railroads IN
j Europe has been substantially the
49, same in all countries. The roads
were built by private capital under con-.
cessions from the nation. There wassa.
conflict OF interest between the state.
and the companies; shippers felt that
rates were excessive and rebates were
the roads declined to ex-
tend their systems to meet the increas-
ing needs of industry while q lack Of
unity in administration between the
companies and the state led to the
general feeling that 50 important g.
function could not with safety be LETT
in private hands. In addition, MILL
tarys needs as well as q 5reaizations
that here. was source Of revenue to
relieve the burdens Of taxation led
state after state to take adyantageofs
the power Of purchase and take over.
the lines. s.s
un the next article. Dr.. Howe vii
~
discuss the relations 81 the statepwnedI
railways to the & public Esslitorss
Note ss.:5 81.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-05-15
SOME LESSONS FROM EUROPE

Shall the Government Own the Rail-
roads is the subject of five articles that
appeared in the La Follette's Magazine
from September 26, 1914 to October
II, 1914, written by DR.. Frederic c.
Howe, formerly director Of the Peoples
Institute, New York, and who recently
assumed the duties of Immigration
Commissioner for the port of New
York, to which position he was ap-
pointed by President Wilson. In 1908
he was commissioned by the United
States to make an investigation of
municipal ownership In Great Britain.
He is the author of many valuable
books on government problems among
which are: ''rhe City; the Hope OF
Democracy" ''Privilege and DemOcra-
cy in America" Wisconsin,: An Expert
ment in Democracy" and European
Cities at Work.
= Through the kind permission of La
Follette's Magazine this series of
articles will be reproduced in The
Labor World, of which the following
article is the first installment.
- OVERNMENT ownership Of
the railways is likely to be-
come political issue within
very few years.. It has
~ been urged by Ex-Governor
Stubbs of Kansas, in an ar
tlcle in the Saturday Evening Post. It
was leading issue in the pre-primary
campaign for the governorship of New
JerSev hv Mr. 0ShOrne II hos hoo~
suggested as a. necessity by railway
officials in their protest against regu-
latlon. 1t is not at all improbable that
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-05-15
IOWA PAINTERS STRIKE,

SOUIX CITY. Ia, May 14.-The de-
mand Of Painters union for wage in
creases was answered by the employ
ers with a non-union declaration. The
bosses are very partial to what they
term "open shop" where discomfort
is unknown and long hours is the
rule.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-05-15

extensions, especially in experimental
territory, while the earnings of the,
main lines were very high. Bismark
saw in the railways means of solid
flying the Empire, of earning ;stbstan-
tial revenues and of carrying through
military operations. He sought to make
the railways Imperial possessions but
the individual states refused to- follow
him and each Of the states took over,
the lines withinvit own territory. Prus-
sia had owned certain lines since 1850
and in 1873 a. committee was appointed
by Parliment to investigate the subject
of state purchase. In submitting a re-
port advocating purchase the Cabinet.
said that the impartial treatment tall
shippers was endangered. by private
ownership; THAT equality and public
rates were likely to be ''circumyented
on account Of the competing interests
of the railroads and also by, individual
interests which have influence with the
management %.. : n ..=;<: ::
The purchase Of the lines was begun
in 1881. Other states in. the Empire
followed until pow. out of+5a total mile
age Of $1,000 only 2,2so are in private
hands. r., >. =
BELGIUM. >-: =
DELGIUNd has owned i portion Of
- her railways from the beginning.
- This little state has probably the
most perfect transp system in
the world. It includes railways, canals
and light railways all working 5tn har-
mOny.-+ feedino into ono annffer and
used by the stqte for the upbuilding
Of industry, the encouragement Of
travelling and the distribution Of pop.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-05-15

DRIVATE ownership predominates
! in France, although a few minor
v lines. are owned by the state. while
In Great Britain there. are no public
The Delta independent., 1915-03-19
REPORT OF INVESTIGATING
COMMITTEE OF FRUIT GROWERS

Gentlemen:
Mr. Clarence w. Moomaw, specialist
in cooperative organization of the
Office of Markets, United States De-
partment of Agriculture, and duly ap-
pointed for the purpose of investigat-
ing cooperation among the fruit grow
ers of the Northwest and California,
beg to report as follows:
Your committee left Denver on De-
cember list, going direct to Spokane,
Washington, to the headquarters of
the North Pacific Fruit Distributors
general manager. and Mr.. H. C. Samp-
son, a trustee of that organization.
These gentlemen took your committee
into their confidence and explained
the necessity for this cooperative
movement. Also the workings of
each department; the sales. account
ing. traffic and advertising depart
ments were thrown open for our in
spection. Nothing was withheld
which was considered of interest or
instructive.
From the general offices we we're
taken to the Spokane and Walla
Walla sub-centrals, the former being
managed by Mr.. Orris Dorman, a
banker in Spokane who had interested
himself in this movement at the re-
quest of the Spokane Chamber of
Commerce. All information requested
regarding the operation of this sub
central was furnished by Mr.. Dor
man.
From Spokane we went to North
Yakima and interviewed Mr.. Sickles,
The Delta independent., 1915-03-19

The war now raging in Europe is
becoming more and more looked upon
as Trade War, war inspired more,
perhaps. from jealousy and greed aris-
ing from trade relations at home and
abroad, than because of local en-
croachments. upon the domain of en-
pires. This is no doubt one of the
reasons why SO much is being done to
draw this nation into the embodiment.
Our foreign trade relations have al
ways been the envy of England, Ger
many and France, and to see these
relations not only peaceably retained,
but with a future augmented by the
present war to almost limitless possi-
bilities, is matter so calling as to
be almost beyond their endurance. And
right here comes the need of firmness
tempered by endurance on the part of
this nation, its rulers and it's diplo-
mats. We have our pride and we feel
it disgrace to have our ships sunk
by warning powers, but even the most
excitable of our people should bear in
mind that war licenses much that
would not be tolerated for a minute in
times of peace. The effort to ship
grain or other products of this country
The Delta independent., 1915-03-19

to the European nations at war is
speculative on the part of the shippers.
Going to any one of the nations at war
it is looked upon as strengthening
of that nation, as it undoubtedly is.
There seems to be, under that view,
little for this country to do but quit
shipping and allow the warning nations
to make arrangements to come and get
our surplus foodstuffs, if they have to
have them; then it will be at their
own risk
The Delta independent., 1915-03-19
Delta County Fruit
Growers Association


that prompt action be taken by the
auxiliary committee to properly formu-
late final plans with the assistance OF
competent attorneys for the relief OF
the industry. realizing that coopera-
tion Is born of necessity and the me-
cessity Is admitted to be present. We
also recommend that the first step In
this direction be an invitation extend
ed to Mr.. II. C. Sampson, of Spokane.
Washington. by the Colorado Fruit
Growers Auxiliary committee to visit
Colorado for the purpose of comforting
with the committee regarding the
proper course TO pursue In perfecting
true cooperation among the fruit grow
ers OF this state and II possible to the
growers and business men OF the state.
Attached hereto we submit copies
of the bylaws of several OF the best
organized and most successfully oper-
ated locals and sub-centrals In the
Northwest District. Also a copy of the
bylaws and constitution of the North
Pacific Fruit Distributors.
The report Is signed by Lou ID.
Sweet. chairman. Russell II. Forbes.
Austin L. Miller and Howard G.
Fletcher.