davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1915-10-17
ANNUAL REPORT OF
. : SUPT. v. c. RITTER
Necessity of Education For Colored
Deaf and Bltnd Is Stressed
In Paper,
RECORD or SPLENDID WORK
State school AZ Newport News, Now
STA Years Old. Has Achieved Great
Success, and II No" Reaching Out
s For Greater Usefulness.

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Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
ABOUT RUNT PIGS.
Slow Development Is Usually the Re-
suit of Insufficient Feed.

Quite often we see litters of newborn
pigs with one or more runts, but this
Is not the kind Of runts / wish to dis
and Fireslde. 1t is the kind that are
not natural born runts," but somehow
fail to grow as rapidly and thrive as
we'll as their mates. | have seen them
often and have racked my brains to
know what was the trouble. | have
lately discovered one cause which be-
lieve Will hold good in nine cases out
of every ten. 1t is this: Some pigs eat
and drink very rapidly. Others eat
and drink very slowly. The slow eat
ers are invariably the runts If the pigs
are all fed together Simple. isn't it?
Yet il is fact.
Recently the writer's attention was
called to pair of pigs belonging to a
neighbor. They were the same age.
had been given the same care and
were always fed together. Both were
thrifty pigs. but one was at least a
third larger than the other. The own
er asked me what thought was
wrong. l told him what l had learn
ed and advised him to separate his
pigs and test the matter. The next
time l saw him he told me that he had
followed these simple instructions and
found that the larger Of the two pigs
ate his feed in about third less time
than the small one.
Now. the thing to do with bunch of
pigs is to test their eating capacity
separately and then feed each kind by
themselves. If this rule were follow
ed not only with hogs. but with all
other live stock. there would be fewer
poorly developed animals.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
MATING OF FARM
+ BREEDING FLOCkS

When eggs for table use only are de
sired It Is far better to have no mating
writes NJ. X. Boyer In the American
Cultivator The presence Of the cock
bird has nothing to do with egg pro
duction. only to fertilize the product
for incubation. If no male bird Is al
lowed In the pen the eggs will'keep bet
ter An infertile egg does not become
rotten: 1t Is the decay of the germ that
produces this state
In mating for breeding there Is as
much difference of opinion today as
there was with the early authorities
The common impression. however, is
that large families are best.
The writer claims the best fertility,
especially during the winter and early
spring, is gained by placing fifteen or
more hens In each flock and having
three vigorous cockerels for every two
pens. In other words. he places cock
No. in pen No. /. cock No . In pen
No. 2 and cock No. 3 In pen alone.
Each night lie changes IT, nae -,
He brings the cock from the resting
pen over into pen No. ]. He takes cock
No. out of pen No. ! and places him
in pen No. .. Then he takes cock No. .
out of pen No. and places him in the
resting pen alone. So on he changes
each night. He claims this gives a lar
ger per cent of fertility. as the hens are
not so apt to suffer from favoritism.
He likewise claims there will be strong
er germs, for the reason that the male
gets II rest one day out OF three.
Favorite matings among American
breeders are to place ten hens Of the
Asiatic breeds with one vigorous cock
erel. or fourteen hens OF the American
class with one vigorous cockerel. or
from fifteen TO twenty hens of the
Mediterranean class with one vigorous
cockerel. Small families have q ten
dency to produce stronger chicks. but
In the case Of Asiatics-Brahma or
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
CATTLE
FOR BEEF RAISING

There Is no want Of breeds from
which to select If the farmer is en-
gaging In production Of beef, writes a
correspondent or the Rural New Yorker.
Among the most popular are the Here
ford, Aberdeen Angus and the Short
horn. These breeds all originated In
Great Britain. where the beef cattle
business is little more advanced than
in this country. These three breeds
are suited TO different conditions and
surroundings.
The Hereford will do somewhat bet
ter on pasture than either the Short
horn or Aberdeen Angus. but the last
two breeds will do better in confine-
ment In other words, they can stand
the heavy grain feeding which forces
early development without showing
"paiChiness. On the western ranches
Hereford cows are most popular be-
cause they give such small quantity
Of milk and there is little danger of
milk fever. Shorthorn bulls used upon
such cows make fine beef animal for
the market. MS the two breeds tend TO
reinforce the weak points of one an
other Avoid anything but the first
crosses. however
The weakest point Of the Shorthorn
is the crops and a tendency To a fat
rib, while in these particular points the
Hereford is strong. On the other hand.
the Hereford is usually weak in the
hind quarters. where the Shorthorn Is
especially strong. The combination of
the two breeds gives very evenly de
NeiOped carcass. the meat OF which is
we'll marbled and high in quality.
The influence OF the pure bred sire Is
just as pronounced in beef cattle as
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21

found anywhere is. Of desirable
type. weight and development. Natu-
rally the shortage in this department
will not be so keenly felt right at the
start Of the selling season as it will
later on. but it is long odds that every
animal Of the sort bought right in De
cember and January will make big
money for The buyer before spring If
a word to the wise be sufficient ii is TO
all who intend to buy Percheron mares
TO get in while the getting is good and
not wait until the full nakedness Of the
land has been laid bare
Similarly eastern farmers. who must
buy horses to do their work next
spring. will. despite the present prices
Of grain, make money by buying as
early in the year as they can. Every
thing points to a big rise, perhaps in
fation. in the price Of all sorts of
horses in the not far distant future.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
Hens Need a Dust Bath.

If you have cement or board floor
In the poultry house be sure to provide
place in which the hens can dust
themselves. The dust bath is not an
imaginary need of the hen. but an ac-
tual necessity. A large. shallow box.
partially filed with dust and coal
ashes. makes an ideal bath. Some peo-
pie scatter some lice powder In the
dust. but few drops of crude carbolic
acid will answer the same purpose and
will be much cheaper. With such a
place wherein TO dust themselves the
fowls will keep themselves free from
lice without much effort on your part.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
Beef Cattle Conformation.

l have seen the butchers walk into a
herd of young beeves and say to the
owner. 1--WE will give you $40 apiece
for those three animals there" pointing
out three special steers. I'VE will give
you $50 apiece for those six. and the
rest we will take at $50 per head" |
wondered at this and asked the butcher
why those three steers were worth so
much more per head than were the
others. He explained TO me that by
their conformation and development
when dressed they would give a much
higher weight OF round steak and loins.
those parts of beef which bring the
most i'm the market. than would the
other steers The answer was logical
enough. and when | looked more close
~ could see that these three steers
did excel In the weight OF high priced
beef. This was an eve opener, and it
gives us the cue as to what we should
desire In beef sire. - Rural New
Yorker.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
Making the Little
Farm Pay
By c. C.. BOWSFIELD

Miss Annie l.. Glidden of Dekalb,
ILL.,. is one of many women who are
successful in farm management She
owns and manages thirty acres mile
from town and Is making record OF
which her friends speak with pride.
Miss Glidden is city girl, educated
and refined. belonging TO one OF the
most prominent families In northern
Illinois. She inherited from her uncle.
Joseph +. Glidden. enough capital TO
enable her to buy thirty acres OF land
at 500 an acre and equip this little
farm with live stock and machinery
She did not start the enterprise In a
baphazard way. but Went about II
Systematically after careful study, II
seemed best 10 her TO diversity her
products, 50 that she would not be de.
pendent on siugle crop
She keeps large part of the farm
in alfalfa and has record OF making
$92.5O per acre from this legune In
one season. there being three cuttings
of the plant. Few people In northern
Illinois have reached these figures with
alfalfa. Five tons to the acre In three
cuttings is considered above the aver
age. and IL is not best TO cut the plant
more frequently than this. At SIS this
makes return Of 800 per acre. All
who know anything about farm earn
ings will understand that this is far
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
LIVE STOCK
HUSBANDRY
OUTLOOK FOR HORSES.
Pure Bred Drafters Sure TO Be at a
Premium For Several Years.

Pure Bred Drafters Sure TO Be at a
Premium For Several Years.
In the pure bred horse business the
outlook is bright. says John Mason
in the National Stockman. Belgium
has lost the most OF her horses. making
imports from that country impossible
or at best unlikely for an indefinite pc
riod. In France we learn that the sup
ply Of two-year-olds. yearlings and
foals are still intact. but no one can tell
when the import business may be re-
sumed. Those who have imported stall
lions on hand may safely count OH sell
Ing them higher than they have sold
for years. while our breeders with rug
ged. thick, well grown native horses TO
offer win find ready demand for
them.
Especially should this prove true OF
the, females. There is no great stock
OF Percheron mares and FLIES to be
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21

Cochins-when too few hens are placed
with too vigorous male bird the hens
are apt to break down.
Mating by pairs is not Il popular plan
with American poultrymen.
Two-year-old birds are undoubtedly
best for breeding purposes. yet well de-
veloped yearlings will produce strong
chicks But in the case of pullets, six
TO nine months of age. there is more or
less risk. and practical poultry breed
ers do not rely upon them for good re-
suits. The eggs hatch well enough. but
there is not the vitality found in the
chicks that we see in the offspring
from hardy, vigorous two-year-olds
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
S Q WI { DON'TS
For Stomach and Liver
Sufferers

Don't take medicine for your Stomach
ailments morning. noon and night as
usually such medicines only give tenn
porary relief and simply digest the food
that happens 10 be in the Stomach.
Don't permit a surgical operation.
There Is always serious danger in OPP
eratiOnS and IN many cases of Stomach.
Liver and Intestinal Ailments the knife
can be avoided II the right remedy is
taken in time
Don't go around with a foul smelling
breath caused by disordered Stomach
and Liver, TO the discomfort of those
you come in contact with.
If you are a Stomach sufferer, don't
think you can not be helped; probably
worse cases than yours have been per-
manenty restored by Mayr's Wonder
full Remedy.
Most Stomach ailments are mainly
caused by a catarrhal condition. Mayr's
Wonderful Remedy not only removes
the catarrhal mucus, but allays the
chronic inflammation and assists in rem
dering the entire alimentary and intes-
final tract antiseptic and this is the
secret of its marvellous success.
Don't suffer constant pain and agony
and allow your stomach ailments to
physically undermine your health No
matter how severe your case may be or
how long you have suffered-one dose
of Mayr's Wonderful Remedy should
convince you that you can be restored
TO health again Mayrs Wonderful
Remedy has been taken and is highly
recommended by Members of Congress,
Justice of the Supreme Court, Ed"ca-
tors, Lawyers. Merchants, Bankers, Doc
tors. Druggists, Nurses. Manufacturers,
Priests. Ministers, Farmers and people
III all walks of life.
Send for FREE valuable booklet on
Stomach Ailments to Geo r. Mayr,
154-l56 Whiting St, Chicago, Ill.
Mayr's Wonderful Remedy is sold by
leading druggists everywhere with the
positive understanding that your money
will be refunded without question or
bubble if ONE bottle fails to give you
absolute satisfaction.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21

with other classes of live stock. The
ideal beef bull is a far different shaped
animal from the dairy sire. The beet
bull is beautiful animal to look upon
while the dairy sire is too angular to
present good appearance. In the beef
animal we look for the rectangular OF
parallelogrammic conformation. which
usually gives a carcass OF good fieshing
qualities and meat so evenly distrib-
uted that the body is said to be sym
metrical
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
Points of a Good Beef Sire.

A good beef sire must be strong in
the hind quarters. well muscled and
with n good length and proportion OF
loin. How can we expect to get choice
prime bceves out OF the young stock
when we use cat manned sire
While II seems a tri6e farfatched to
call the limbs of any Of the beef bulls
cat hammed,' yet when we see two
VI them together II is usually easy to
pick out the one which has the most
meat on the steak and loins. Rural
New Yorker.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21

A fee of 81 each is now charged by
he Percheron Society OF America for
every transfer Of animals presented to
the Office within ninety days from date
of sale or of SO each for all transfers
presented after ninety days This ad-
ditional fee was made necessary by the
very large curtuilmcnt in the amount
OF business handled by the association,
due to the shutting of of all importa-
tioDs from Europe.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21

In laying concrete floors the foun-
dalton should go below frost line
and be filled with cinder or broken
stone well rammed and wet before
concrete is placed. The first or
rough coat should be thoroughly
mixed and consist Of one part ce-
ment. two of sharp sand and four
of clean gravel. Enough water
should be used TO make il work cas-
lily. and il should be packed level
two and Il half inches deep on the
soaked cinder. When set so IL will
not move il should be sprinkled
and an inch of a smooth. finishing
coat. equal parts cement and sharp
sand should be spread on il.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21

LARGE PART OF THE FARM IS KEPT II
ALFALFA.
above the average, but similar results
can be obtained where intelligent care
is given to the cultivation of alfalfa.
Miss Glidden at the outset was ambi.
tious not only TO make her farm n
financial success. but TO demonstrate
the wisdom of having rotative
scheme and of selecting variety of
products for which there is n steady
cash demand in provincial towns us
well as in large cities Much of her
success comes from management alon.
this line. as she always has two or
three small fields OF highly profitable
vegetables.
She also has succeeded fairly well in
getting two crops from patch of
ground in one season. This is done by
producing lettuce. radishes peas
beets. etc. in the early part OF the
summer and following them with
sweet corn. peppers. spinach celery
and other vegetables which cannot he
planted while there is any danger of
frost in the spring This scheme of
growing succession crops can be
worked in various ways. Land has 10
be heavily fortified in the fall This
and thorough cultivation during the
growing period will maintain soil fer.
tility. Miss Glidden varies from her
program in such way that the labor
is evenly distributed throughout the
year. or at least this point is Kept I'm
view, but naturally field work becomes
pretty heavy In connection with vege.
table growing. She has paying poul-
try plant and in IA short time will be
able to market several beef animals
every year
A farm OF thirty acres conducted on
this plan will yield an income OF 50 900
or more after paying for the labor re-
quired. Naturally some seasons will
be better than others and profits will
not always be the same. but this ener-
gedc young woman has found n sys-
TEN OF making her farm pay. and her
success with thirty acres has made
some OF the men folks who have much
larger tracts gasp with astonishment
The day has come in the opinion Of
agricultural experts. when farms of
ten to thirty acres will be made suffi-
cient to occupy the time and talents OF
highly trained and progressive men
and women.
Both I'm fact and theory farms are
becoming smaller. and experts now
hold that a fair living income for
family may be gained from one OF
these small tracts. Ten acres. IL wise
~ managed. will return an annual
profit above operating expenses Of
81 800 TO $500. Larger places give
returns in proportion when the owner
has ability and suitable equipment.
There are plenty of truck and fruit
farms in the United States which can
show n yearly revenue Of more than
$500 an acre. This only has come
about i'm recent years since the pres
ent high level Of produce was reached.
and therefore many old fashioned
farmers who devote themselves 10 dai.
ries or one or two grain crops are still
una ware OF what may be accomplished
by modern methods.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
POULTRY NOTES.

The principal causes for poul-
try diseases are poor houses.
dampness. filth and improper
feeding
Some Of the commonest poul-
try diseases are catarrh, roup.
gapes AMI leg weakness.
Oyerfat not only debilitates
the fowls. but impairs the action
OF every organ in the body.
The well fed pullets are early
layers, provided. OF course. they
have not been fed on too fatten,
ing rations.
Never use harsh methods In
breaking up n broody hen: very
often such handling cripples the
hen for future usefulness.
Constipation In poultry Is caus-
ed by too much concentrated
food.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
Profit In Dairy Calves.

A dairyman writes: Remember first.
last and all the time that it is profit
able for any and all cow owners TO
grow their calves. In no case is it too
expensive, while at all times the calves
AFFORD large per cent Of the farm
profits"
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21

1t is the opinion among horse
raisers that because OF the Euro
pean war there is sure TO be a great
demand in the near future for good
animals. Horses TO command at
tention must be good specimens
The great demand at present is for
the big. smooth drafters. These can
not be raised from scrubs. The in
ference. therefore. is for farmers to
breed only from pure bred sires
The picture shows students OF the
University of Wisconsin judging
the points OF a horse.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21

The plumage OF the Rouen duck
is much like the Wild mallard, of
which Il is considered TO be a de-
scendant. perhaps crossed with
some large variety 10 give 1t size
1t is the largest colored duck.
reaching as high as twelve pounds.
its lazy disposition making it easy
to fatten. II has long. deep body
close fibered flesh of fine flavor and
is declared by epicures to be the
best winter roasting duck. The
picture shows a Rouen drake
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
LIVE STOCK BRIEFS.

/. Some succulent feed should be
! supplied during the winter 10
|. keep the sleeps system in tone.
! Changes in the character or
. quantity Of the hog ration should
l always he made very gradually.
! The long winter on dry feed Is
often hard on old horses.
: Now and then put little salt
: on the straw. Ii acts as an APP
: petizer, and the sheep clean up
the straw better
: A suffering. half frozen hog or
pig cannot use the corn or other
: grains fed him to the best adj
. vantage.
: Provide box stalls for the colts
. IL possible. Keep the stalls we'll
: Uttered and clean.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21

No progressive poultryman will at-
tempt TO do without incubatorp these
days. for this Is the only way he can
get early chicks.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1915-08-20
Lin1e>Jan1estown

Mrs. William Ochlcr drove Il
MamkatO Thursday.
Miss Manda Koch called on Miss
Hattie Oehler Saturday night.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Foster. Sr.
were county seat visitors last Satur'
day.
Fred Magin called at the home oil
Charles Foster. Sr.. last Friday morn
ing.
Mrs. Andrew Harting OF Minneapo-
lis is here visiting relatives and
friends
Hattie Oehler spent "Wednesday
evening with her sister, Mrs. Frank
Mention
Mrs. Adolph Oehlcr and daughter
Louisa spent Thursday with Mrs
Lewis DhOle. Sr
Miss Mildred Dickson OF Minneapo-
lis is visiting her grandparents. Mr..
and Mrs. Charles Foster and will re-
main until school starts.
Walter Hill. Mr.. and Mrs. Frank
Mention and son Glen. and Miss Mabel
OehlCr autoed TO Kasota Sunday in
the formers car and visited relatives.
Mrs. Edmund Montague accompanied
them home
\ party OF Mankato young people
held picnic dinner in a cottage al
Eagle Lake. and returned home in
the evening.
Misses Irene and Laura Moeri and
John Moeri. Jr.. Misses Alta and Cas-
sic LentZ and Carlton LentZ. Rich
ard and Mirelda Magin. Mildred Dick
son and Misses Hattie and Edna
Ochler spent last evening at Eagle
Lake. boating and bathing.
About ten PEOPLE gathered at the
home of Charles Foster. Sr.. and
spent social evening. in honor of
Mildred Dickson and Richard Magin,
who are here from Minneapolis. and
who are soon TO return TO their
homes. The evening was passed with
games and music. 4 delicious lunch
was served. after which dancing was
INDUCED in.
Boating and bathing are the main
diversions at Eagle Lake these hot
summer days, but the people do not
care to have the lack OF bathing
suits made quite as obvious as has
been the case at the Foster point
which some of the young men fire.
quent. OF course a bathing suit costs
money. but IL will last a long time,
and adds much TO the reputation OF
the bathers