davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16
FEEDING ROOTS TO CATTLE
English Stockmen Feed Enormous
Quantities Of Turnips and Beets-
Best Methods Of Feeding.

Turnips and beets are grown and
fed in enormous quantities by English
stockmen and farmers. They do not
have silage because Of climatic condi-
tons unfavorable to corn. American
farmers who use roots to some extent
can wisely profit by English experience
In feeding them.
An authority advises that they
should always be cut or pulped, and
never fed whole to cattle. When fed
whole there is greater danger of chok-
Ing, especially with the last piece, and
also greater loss or waste by tram
ping under foot.
The best method of feeding is to cut
or pulp the roots and mix them with
cut hay, straw or chaff, allowing the
pile to heat for a few hours before
feeding. This has the merit of warm
ing up the roots, which are generally
cold feed, and Of making low-grade
roughage more palatable. Cattle fed
in this manner through the winter
come out In much better condition
than II given the same amount of feed
uncut and not mixed.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16
$4,000, 900 Increase In Gold.

Gold reserves of the 12 federal re-
serve banks increased during the last
week more than $9,O0O,O00, according
to a statement of their condition July
2, issued by the federal reserve board.
1t shows resources as follows:
Gold coin and certificates July 2,
1918: Settlement fund, credit bal.
ances, $31 $4,000; all others, $780,
44s,0OO; total gold reserves. $264,2ss,.
900; legal tender notes, silver, ETC.,
1924, s11 900; total reserves, $2S9,129,.
900.
Bills discounted and bought: Ma.
turtles within 80 days, 3,322, 900;
maturities within 60 days, $9,735, 900;
maturities within 90 days, s,O97, 900;
maturities over 90 days, $5,O33, 900; to-
tai, $36,1S7,0 900.
Investments: United States bonds
$7,632,00O; municipal warrants, $12,
100000; due from other federal re
serve banks, net, $9,S62 900; federal
reserve notes, net, $7,601 ,000 all 9th
er resources, $3,660,O00; total re
sources, $366, 4S1 900.
Liabilities-Capital paid in, $54, 1923,
900; reserve deposits, net, $297 1888,
900; federal reserve notes, net, $12,
TOT 900; all other liabilities, $1,673,
900; total liabilities, $500, 4s1 900.
Gold reserve against net liabilities
$40 per cent.
Cash reserve against net liabilities
96.1 per cent.
Cash reserve against liabilities after
setting aside 40 per cent gold reserve
notes in circulation, 9s.6 per cent.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16
TAKE CARE OF THE MANURE
Shallow Concrete Pit Affords Practical
Means Of Taking Caro- Of Soil
Fertilizer.

The shallow concrete manure pit out
of doors Is a practical means Of tax
ing care of manure and is to be REQ
commended.
Where a manure shed Is used q
should be 80 arranged that stock may
have free access thereto. In this way
the manure will be kept we'll packeA
down by the animals tramping over
it, and the danger of loss due to burn
ing and excessive fermentation very
materially decreased
Barnyard manure, however, is not .
balanced fertilizer for ordinary farm
crops; 1t Is relatively high in nitrogen
and potash and CORRESPONDENCE low b
phosphorus.
Experiments conducted by the Indk
ana station show that most clay soils
of the state are deficient in that sans
element, phosphorus. BY adding some
phosphate material to the manure -
it is produced, we are able, not only
to supply the lacking element, phoo
phorus, but also to fix the nitrogen. 81
some extent, and thus prevent its -
cape in the form OF ammonia yaA. ,
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16
(By o. M. OLSON.)

(By o. M. OLSON.)
The depth at which land should be
plowed depends much upon the sea-
son OF the year, the kind Of soil and
the physical condition of the subsoil.
Fall blowing, except for fall-grown
grain, should invariably be deeper
than spring blowing, as there Is more
time for 1t to become sufficiently set
tied and compacted. Whenever land
Is plowed quite deeply, and the eli
matte conditions do not thoroughly
settle the burrows, 1t should be thor
oughly worked before 1t Is planted.
Heavy soils need to be plowed
deeper than the lighter types Of soils.
Such soils usually have quite com.
pact subsoils, and they are benefited
by being brought to the surface. 1t
Is also benefit to heavy soils to bury
the vegetable matter at a good depth,
as this will assist in keeping the sub
soil from becoming too compact.
Lighter soils are very much the
opposite. Their subsoils are usually
not too compact, and 1t is better to
have the vegetable matter mixed with
the surface soil. Deep blowing of
such soils has q tendency to make
them too loose, and care should be
taken to thoroughly compact them be.
fore they are planted to crops.
Flowing land continuously at the
same depth every time has tendency
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16

are little easier at si.25@1.5o.
Strawberries are out of the market as
far as the jobbing business is con.
cerned.
Other Fruits-Summer apples are
now coming to hand quite freely and
jobbing at 75c@$1 per half box Cher
ries are little easier at 60@S5c per
10pound box and $1@1.50 for 20
pound boxes. Apricots and plums have
declined, the former from $l.35 to 75c
Q$l and the latter from $1.75 to 90c
@$1. while peaches still hold at 75c
per box. Cantaloupes are little
higher in price at $2.25@2.75 and
oranges and watermelons remain un-
changed. Bananas still move freely
at sc per pound.
Potatoes-Old spuds are cleaning
up at $3.50 per cwt., a drop of soc
from the figures couple of weeks
ago. New stocks are getting quite
plentiful and have declined in price to
/ $l.75. The spud market at Chicago is
Other vegetables-Dry onions are a
little weaker at $1.75 and cabbage
from Walla Walla is also cheaper at
$1.75@2. In root vegetables turnips
and beets still hold at $3.50. while car
rots have declined soc to $3.50. Gu
cumbers are little easier at 75c@$1,
while peas are firmer at sc, and green
peppers are easier at 1O@15c. Rhu-
barb and spinach are out of the
wholesale market.
Wheat-Interest in wheat is rtaher
slack at this period of the season due
to the lack of trade. Buyers seem to
be plentiful at figures quoted but SELL
ers are scarce. New Crop values are
predicted to start at about 81, but
prices quoted are below this figure.
Quotations for the week are given at
94c for bluestem, club soc and red
Russian sec. Reports continue to
come of damage to crops from differ
ent localities, but at that it is prob
able that the returns will far exceed
any previous record. Harvesting is
well under way on winter wheat in
some parts of the Inland Empire and
reports of both yield and quality are
| good.
Flour-Notwithsta shaving of
flour prices at coast points, the local
millers still maintain their figures at
the recent readjustment, the list price
being $6@6.50. The buying side of
flour will, it is believed, hold out un.
til the new crop is available, which
will possibly be in six weeks.
Feed-The only change in the feed
market as to prices is an advance in
feed wheat and corn of 81, the new
figures being $35 on the former and
$37@3S on the latter. The market fol
millfeeds is somewhat firmer but
there has been no change in prices as
yet. Oats are not moving very freely
and the market is inclined to be weak
err, while barley shows a firmer ten
dency with indications of an advance
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16
Big Suqar-Beet Acreage.

Belief that Utah will have the great
est sugar beet crop in it's history this
year, both as to acreage, yield per
acre and sugar content, is expressed
by Job Pingree, field superintendent Of
the Amalgamated Sugar Co. The total
acreage in Utah for the Amalgamated,
Utah-Idaho and Layton sugar compan-
les is now estimated at $1,000 acres
in Utah and $4,000 acres in Idaho.
This total of $4,000 acres is larger
than has ever before been handled,
says Retail Merchant.
The opinion which is expressed by
the Amalgamated Sugar Co. official
States department of agriculture, ex-
pressed in the following dispatch from
Washington:
This years sugar beet crop in the
United States promises to be a large
one. The department of agriculture
today in it's forecast based on June /
condition figures, places the yield at
81 100000 tons, assuming an average
abandonment of ten per cent in acre
age.
The area planted is $50 300 acres, OF
144,70O more than planted last year
By states, the acreage is:
California, 12s,9OO; Colorado, III,
| 900; Idaho, 36,5OO; Michigan, 100000;
Ohio, $500; Utah, SO 400; other states
&C, 400. The condition June 1 was
93.9 per cent of a normal, indicating
| 1916 tons an acre.
In 1914 factories used 5,2ss,5OO tons
of beets and made 722,O54 tons of su
gar.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16
SECURE pEcT RESULTS
Lettuce Ranks High in CONNER.
cial Horticulture.
Size Of Seed Has Not Been Given
Careful Study Until Recently
Heading Up" Capabilities Are
Of Much Importance.
(By NJ. CUMMINCS.)

\DJ IA. - " Al -hl->SS.J
Lettuce Is a standard vegeta BILE
crop, largely grown in farm gardens
and ranking high In commercial horti-
culture as forcing crop; hence it's
Inclusion in these seed sorting expert
ments Although seed-bed crop, 1t
is often grown in places where space
Is expensive, where intensive culture
prevails, and where crop uniformity
and even maturity are of prime i'm.
portance. On this account growers
now carefully consider both seed and
varietal choice. In some dollhouse
districts only certain varieties are
deemed suitable for greenhouse cul-
ture; and a few progressive growers
select only the locally-grown seed now
recognized as strains of commercial
varieties. Although many methods of
seed selection have been adopted, the
influence of seed size has not been
given careful study until more or less
recently.
Since lettuce is seldom sold by
weight, a comparison of the value Of
differentiated seeds on this basis is
of little account. Uniformity of ma
turing and relative '1heading-up"
capabilities are Of more Importance
The formation of good, firm heads,
making possible the growth OF white,
crisp, and highly-edible center leaves,
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16

contains space in the center for a silo|
18 feet In diameter.
Owing to the fact that silo Is q
necessity for the most economical pro.
duction Of milk, barn Is not COM
plete for dairyman's purpose UNI
less 1t includes a silo with capacity tai
store sufficient silage for the herd;
In the case OF the round barn, tho
silo is the most economically built I'M
side. but in the rectangular form would
cause waste of space. and for thar
reason is best erected outside. There4
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16
BEST FARM BUILDINGS
Too Little Thought and Study
Given to Details.
Not Generally Understood That clrcu-
lar Structure 10 Much Stronger
Than Rectangular Form Cost
Of Material 10 Less.
(By W. J. FRAZER.)

10y w. y. cnAAEIt.J
The planning, construction, and ar
rangement of farm buildings do not
usually receive the thought and study
these subjects warrant. How many
dairymen have compared circular,
40-cow barn with the common rec
tangular building containing the same
area? How many understand that
the circular structure is much the
stronger; that the rectangular form
requires % per cent more wall and
foundation to enclose the same space:
and that the cost Of material is from
"a to So per cent more for the rec
tangular building?
In q community in which everyone
Is engaged in the same occupation.
one person is likely to copy from his
neighbor without apparently giving a
thought as to whether or not there Is
q better way.
In comparing 60-foot round barn
with q rectangular barn of the same
area, the two barns should afford the
cows the same amount Of space on
the platform. Allowing each cow in
the 60-foot round barn three feet six
inches In width at the rear of the plat.
form, 1t will accommodate 40 cows and
leave space for two passageways. But
In q rectangular barn, only three feet
four inches Of platform space need be
allowed for each COW. and the 78h
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16
THE SPOKANE MARKET.

Crop prospects are extremely favor
able over most portions Of the coun-
try, although continued rains in some
sections has retarded growth or inter-
fered with harvesting. This is espe-
cially true of winter wheat, some To-
calities reporting total loss on ac-
count of being unable to harvest ow-
ing to wet weather.
Butter-The local butter market
still holds firm at csc to CSC for Wash
ington creamery.
Cheese-There has been no change
in the cheese market as to prices
since last report, the figures ranging
from Tic to zoe.
Eggs-As to prices the market is
still holding at $6@7. but the falling
of In receipts is becoming more pro.
nounced and give indication of further
advances.
Dressed Meats-Cow beef and NUT
ton show a slight decline, the former
from 10hc to 1Oc and the latter from
13@14c to 12Q13c. In live stock
cows have also declined to SIS and
light hogs from $7@7.50 to $7@710
Mutton and hogs are coming in freely
and the market is characterized az
fairly good.
Poultry-There has been no change
as to prices in this department, but
receipts are up to normal with spring
chickens coming freely with fair de
| mands.
Cured Meats--Pork products have
noted reaction since the advance o.
two weeks ago, both local and eastern
hams showing decline of 1c from
1sc to nc. All grades Of eastern ba
con have declined and some grades
of the local product. Lard still hold!
at 111ac for both local and eastern.
Berries-Red raspberries are still
holding at $3.50 per crate, while logan
berries are firmer at $3.50. Currantl
and gooseberries remain at the same
| level of $1.25 and 81. while dewberrie'
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16

Showing How This 60-Foot Barn May
Be Arranged to Accommodate 40
Cows In StalIs-To Supply This
Sized Herd and the Necessary
Young Stock With SiIage for Eight
Months Would Require a 370-Ton
Siio, or One 10 Feet In Diameter and
Sc Feet Deep; With a Seven-Foot
Feed Alley and 2Ia-Foot Man.
GER, the Circle at the Stanchlons
Would Be SO Feet In Diameter, or
119 IS Feet In circumference; Al
lowing 4R feet for Two Passage
Ways, tho Stalls Would Be 2 Feet
1917 Inches Wide at the stanehlon,
and Feet 6 Inches at the Drop.
foot barn, with two three-foot massage
ways across 1t for convenience in feed
ing, will accommodate AZ cows. While
the rectangular barn has stall room
for two more cows. the round barn
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16
THE j. S. EXPORTS
SHOW BIG INCREASE
TRADE BALANCE FOR PAST YEAR
GIVES OUR TRADE POSITION
A BIG BOOST.
OVER BILLION DOLLAR CREDIT
Crude Foodstuffs and Food Animals
Sent to Worlds War Zone Shows
an Enormous lncrease-Puget
Sound Trade Doubles.

Washington, July IAN increase
of nearly $293,OOO,OOO in the export
trade and decrease of $4,000. 900 in
imports is shown by the analysis of
the United States foreign trade for
the IL months covering the European
war, issued by the bureau of foreign
and domestic commerce. The trade
balance in favor of the United States
is estimated at $1,O60,8S9, sos.
The analysis shows an enormous
increase in exports of crude foodstuff
and food animals, the total exporta-
tons amounting to $4S1, 11O,3S4 as
against $126, 4O8,965 for the same Pc
riod last year Crude materials for
use in manufacturing fell off nearly
$300,000,000 in exports owing to the
closing Of European factories which
use American raw materials.
Exports to France more than
doubled, to Italy they nearly tripled
and to Great Britain they increased
by nearly $300,OOO,0OO. The export
trade to Germany fell from 1926, 115,-
430 to $28, ,5S7. and to Austria from
$21 ,2S0, 900 to $1,240,O00.
During May less than $500 worth of
merchandise went to Germany.
Seattle Imports Nearly Doubled.
The annual report of Collector of
Customs Harper of the Puget Sound
customs district for the fiscal year
ending June 80 shows Seattle's i'm
ports nearly twice as great as during
the preceding year.
The customs figures also disclose
large increase in exports, both from
the port and the district for the year
Imports for the port for 1915 were
$49,982,817 as against $25,668,159 fo1
1914. Exports for the year were $27,
3O5,964 as against $21,142,937 for 1914
For the district the figures are:
1915, imports, $6S,446. SGT as against
$54,778,030 for 1914; 1915 exports, SGT,
651,366 as against $54,76O.958 for 1914
The export business for the district
for the last three months of the fiscal
year amounted to $25,286, 468, an ad
vance of approximately 100000
over any of the other three quarters
The average business for quarter
amounted to about $1s.000,000.
San Francisco Exports Grow.
Big increases in imports and ex
ports through the San Francisco Gus
toms office for the year ended June
80 are shown by the annual report o.
John A. Davis, collector of the port
issued recently. During the last 81,
months the increase in exports ovel
the same period last year is about two
thirds.
Exports for the last six months wer,
$39,573,826 and for the same period ii
1914 $24,626,152.
Other comparative figures for tn.
fiscal year ended June 80, 1915. are:
Exports, 1915, $79,731,766.
Exports. 1914, $62,535,648.
Imports, 1915. $76,068,028.
Imports, 1914, $66,394,289.
The exports for June were $500
904, the heaviest month Of the year.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16
Maintenance Of sows,

In the maintenance Of the brood
sows we have our best opportunity -
make use of pasturage. waste feeds.
fallen fruits, etc. Not that these
things are sufficient, but because
roughage, range, bulk, succulence and
variety are good for the sows.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16

Eggs develop mold If kept in too
damp cellar. The mold penetrates
the porous shell and makes the eggs
taste stale. They keep better. how
ever. in cool, moist air that prevents
. too rapid evaporation within the
she'll.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16
Muenter's Body Sent to Dallas.

st. Louisville body of Erich Muen-
ter, alias Frank Holt, who shot ]. P.
Morgan, arrived here from Long ISL
and and was sent on to Dallas. The
coffin was in a plain box, on which
was a tag giving the name and age Of
Muenter and the cause of death as
fracture Of the skull"
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16
Flowing In Relation to Drainage.

to form a hard, compact layer in tha
sui oil at that depth. This is an I'M
desirable condition, and can usually
be avoided by varying the depths
slightly from year to year. New land.
when first brought under the plow.y
should not be plowed too deeplyl
While 1t may be desirable to ultimatet
ly have a furrow six or seven inches
In depth, it should be brought about
gradually, by blowing a halfinch orr
so deeper every year.
A method of draining fields which,
has proved satisfactory and inexpenS
sive is ->dging the land Y lille plow-l
ing.
The plow Is started in the middle,
where two burrows are pl,wed against
each other. BY turning the horses t0
the right when making the turns at q
and d, the dead burrows will be lo1
Gated at A and B and e and F. By
continuing this system a series Cd
years, the bitches are made deeper,
year by year. No ridge is formed 0nl
ing to pillow in this way, and by varyI
ing the back burrows one year q little|
to the right of G and d, and another
year a little to the left, the dead fur1
rows will be made broad rather than
deep, making the fields gently undu1
late instead Of being cut up by deep
bitches and narrow high ridges.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16
ReIuvenatlnq Rhubarb.

When rhubarb grows rank and spin.
ding 1t needs rejuvenating. Dig it up.
cut the clumps into smaller parts,
plant them in deep trenches and fill in
we'll with well-rotted manure mixed
with good loan.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16
GRAIN AND MILLING NOTES.

w. L. Walker is building grain
warehouse at Waukon, Wash.
The Balfour- Greedy Grain Co. has
been organized at Fort Benton, Mont,
with capital stock Of $4,000.
At a recent meeting of the Grain
Growers Warehouse Co. at Wilbur,
Wash, Henry Krause was elected
president and dividend of 8 per cent
was declared.
Rates of the Farmers Warehouse
Co. at Walla Walla will be practically
the same this year as last, SO cents a
ton for the first 90 days and 8 cents q
month thereafter, with 80 cents for
handling grain through the warehouse
to the cars.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16
LUMBER AND WOODWORKING.

The Wesley saw mill, near Ford,
WASH, was destroyed by fire last
week.
Ground clearing has started prepar-
atory to construction work on the saw
mill which will be built at Weippe,
Idaho, by George r. Schofield and as
sociates. Weippe Is fifty miles east
Of Lewiston. There will be flume
fourteen miles in length for convey
ing manufactured lumber from the
mill to the railroad. The plant will
be designed to cut 100000 feet Of lum-
Der in ten hours. Mr.. Schofield and
his associates recently purchased a
quantity of timber from the state.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16

by George!" calculated the mer-
chant, as he watched a lady leaving
his store, just after having given a
good sized order.
Zine looking lady," said a by
stander.
"Yes, but wish she would pay her
bills"
Have you asked herr"
"No-Tm afraid she will quit IL l
do"
"Oh! Then you are waiting until
she owes you more before she quits"
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16

Work Together Nicely.
The hog and the dairy COW WORT
nicely together.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16

Arrangement Of Cow Stable for Tvs
Rows of Cows Tailed Together
The Barn Is Cleaned by Driving
Around Behind the Cows.
fore, in comparing a round dairy barn
with a rectangular dairy barn, silo
should be included
The smaller surface on the outside
wall Of the round barn requires less
paint and makes a proportional saw.
ing in keeping the round barn paint
ed in after years.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-07-16

IT'S not to whine. nor to repine. or
to curse your luck all day, but to rouse
your grit and "git-up and git" that
starts things coming your way.
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1915-02-11
GOOSEBERRY.

Ray Drake is very busy plowins
and getting ready to SOW some spring
grain.
Tilman Hogue ans family visited
with w. w. Brannon's at Hardman
Sunday.
Mrs. Floyd Fraser and children
visited at Fred Estebs Saturday af-
ternoon.
| Mr.. Joe Blank and Herman Hart
wig made business trip to Heppner
last Friday.
| Oscar Bergstrom was trying his
luck at broncho busting a few days
ago. He is still able to be around,
but he looks so sober.
Fred Esteb is making lot of i'm
provements on mis- ranch this winter.
He seems to take pride in having
things fixed up so they are handy.
Nick Leathers of Hardman stopped
one night this week at Fred Esteb' S
and gave them rare treat in vocal
music Nick is sure there with the
coon songs.
We hear that A. l.. Hudson con-
templates moving to his Dry Fork
ranch soon and that he intends to
raze the Dry Fork hall and build a
barn on its site.
The final count of the non-union
rabbit hunt here was held Saturday