The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1915-06-29

pii%es iof progress or pupils, or pro-
prlety OF conduct: awarded prizes to
those excelling in manufactures. min
Ing, smelling metals. as we'll as for
spinning. She realized the Importance
OF agriculture and founded an agri-
cultural society at Milan. with boun-
Cies bestowed on p~easantry raising the
nnest crops. The adoption of vaccina-
tlon and the building of a smallpox
hospital were among her henefcent
equations She brought about re
forms In the Roman Catholic Church.
me Prater was first thrown open TO
the public in this reign. In spite
OF loss OF territory and a draining war.
SIX millions hlied the empty treasury
IN 1870. In conjunction with Mar
snail Daun she established a better
system Tor the army, which she raised
TO n hundre and eight thousand
men. and founded a military institute
at n h visited camps and
2arrlsons. and by her gracious
speeches inspired her soldierv. To
her military ability Frederick the
Great paid this compliment: The
Austrian army acquired, under the au-
spices OF Maria Theresa, such a degree
OF perfection as it had never attain
ed under any of her predecessors, and
that a woman accomplished designs
worthy Of a man"
Her efforts to civilize the Hungarian
and Bohemian sipsies proved futile.
All the new laws, changes, regula-
tOnS, every Improvement emanated
from Maria Theresa,s own brain. She
perhaps devoted herself too assid-
iously to business, did too much, in
stead of entrusting more to others.
winch was doubtless due to the fact
that she was surrounded by such a
lot OF inefficient persons in the be-
ginning. In health she rose at five
o'clock daily and devoted ten or twelve
hours to business, attended amuse-
ments Of her court, which was recog
nized as the purest in Europe, entered
society and was a devoted wife and
; the mother Of sixteen children, whom
she did not neglect.
The loss of Silesia preyed upon the
) mind OF the great sovereign and to
humble Prussia and regain this prov
ince was the craving Of her life. One
of the saddest mistakes Of her reign
was the sacrifice Of her Youngest
daughter, Marie Antionette. in order
: to win France as an ally. 1t has ever
4 seemed strange that this queen OF
blameless life was willing to send hel
: beautiful child, only fifteen, into thai
vile court to further her schemes fol
Y an aggressive war. The result wa.
winning over France, Austria's enem,
e of long standing, n a struggle o
seven years. France, Russia, Sweden
: Denmark and Spain joined with Aus
= tria against Frederick the Great, VIII,
only had the financial support Of Eng
= land and Hanover. When peace wa
= finally signed at Hubertsberg in 176s
there was no change in territory; Ma
ria Theresa had both regained an
, lost Silesia in the conflict: Bohemi
aud Saxony had been devastated
= Prussia almost depopulated, cities ha
~ been wiped out, thousands upon thou
sands of dollars spent and half a mi
:: lion men sacrificed.
The partition of Poland is one bic
:. on the reign Of this fair empress
queen. To Poland Austria owed he
:, very existence. In the chamber Wher
n Maria Theresa transacted all bushes
!. two pictures only hung upon the wall
- one a portrait of John Sobieski, who's
. valor saved Vienna from the Turks
invasion of 1853. The other was thu
AZ Of Leopold, her grandfather, VIII
y owed the preservation of his countr
- crown, capital n life to the Pole
on that occasion. Assisting Russ
- M Prussia in the theft was an il
stance of the basest ingratitude.
q Francis 1. died suddenly. returnir
H. from the theatre, the evening Of A,
l gust Is, 1865. Maria Theresa's gri
"a was excessive; she wore deepe
mourning h remaining sixteen yea
7o of her life and even had the simp
rooms to which she moved from IL
We state apartments (Which were new
er occupied after his death), hung
e. black, and much of her time was spe
in religious devotion, the whole mon
II. Of each succeeding August being pas
ed ed in fasting, prayer and celebrate
ed masses for his souls repose. The a
niversary Of his death was especial
consecrated to his memory. Aft
ler 1865 she reigned jointly with her SC
he Joseph II.
W. So long had death been confer
)r- Mated that when the final summo
to a more imperial presence than h
let W came to this proud and tru
re- good ruler she met it with the I
til most calmness. She died Novemb
cts 20, 1880, in the si~xty-fourth year
her age: her remains repOse best
Id those OF her husband in the church
no the CanuchinS. Vienna. in the tor