davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17
Foreign Exchange Falls off
in Value as War Bills Climb

New York, Aug. 16.-The value OF
the English pound sterling went stead
lily and rapidly downward today until
1t touched $4.64 in American money
the lowest value ever placed on it
since New York became a financial
center Utter Decentralization of the
foreign exchange markets resulted.
Francs followed suits, falling to
16 2-3 cents in American money. Nor.
mally pounds sterling are quoted at
$4.S7 and francs at approximately 20
cents.
On Saturday last the English pound
established new low record in the
New York money market by falling
to $4.69. Today it opened two cents
under Saturdays lowest price, situ-
alton without parallel in the history
of American finance, within an hour
lost another penny and by 1 O'Clock
had sold down to $464.
The sharp fall in exchange rates
was ascribed to the demand of
American manufacturers for pay for
the goods sold by them abroad. With
in the last few days the money mar
ket has been flooded with millions in
American bills agains: Great Britain
and her allies. 1t was reported that
last Friday between $25,000,000 and
$50,0O0000sof such bills were present
ed to one big banking house alone.
Today's demands, which sent the ex-
change rates to unheard Of low levels,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17
THO U.s. Marines are Washed
Overheard in Bad Gulf Storm

Washington, D. c., Aug. 16.-TWo
American marines were washed over
board from the battleship New Hamp-
shire and drowned yesterday while
the ship was sailing through the gulf
hurricane somewhere south of the
Florida coast No damage to the
New Hampshire or Louisiana, which
are proceeding to the southern waters,
was reported.
The marines we're James Franklin
Robinson and Bardie Wayne Ray.
Robinson's mother, Mrs. W. A. Robin
son, lives at 222 West First street,
Uhrichsville, O. Rays residence is
given as Mississippi. His mother,
Maude Ray Holcoinb, Is his next OF
kin. The bodies were not recovered.
Steamer Is Delayed.
New Orleans, Aug. 16.-The gunboat
Sacramento, bringing Jose M. Cardoso
De Oliveira, Brazilian minister to
Mexico, and his family, and DR.. Ortega,
the Guatemalan minister, expelled by
General Carranza, was anchored in the
gulf FIVE miles west Of Southwest pass
today, waiting for the storm to abate
SO a pilot could bring her into the
Mississippi river. Reports from the
river said the seas were so high that
an attempt to cross the bar would be
extremely perilous. The Sacramento
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17

were believed to be far in excess of
this sum.
With the English pound debased as
never before, the American dollar was
today the standard of the world finan-
cial market In financial circles the
rapid lowering of foreign exchange
rates was regarded as presaging diff
ficulties ahead.
Ways in which England might meet
the situation and maintain her credit
here were commonly discussed. There
seemed to be two alternatives: The
establishment here of huge loan or
credit conservatively put at $5O0,O0O,-
900, or the acquisition in England of
large amount of American securi-
ties to be placed here as collateral
for a temporary credit.
Bankers with international connec-
tions were in conference over the stu
alton today. The temperance in the
financial district of j P. Morgan for
the first time since an attempt was
made to assassinate him July 8, gave
color to the belief that negotiations to
end the present abnormal situation
might soon be consummated.
In the face of this belief there was
a rally in the market for sterling
about 2 p. M, which brought quota
tions back to within one cent Of the
opening. Francs also steadied. 9th
er continentals rose In sympathy.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17
Me xicQn Bandit
Bands Gathering
in United States

Brownsville, Texas, Aug. 16.
Reports of renewed attempts
by Mexican bandits to reorgan-
ize their bands in the lower Rio
Grande valley were brought
here today by Captain j. J. San
ders of the Texas rangers.
Sanders said he had received
reports that Mexicans are
crossing in ones and two into
Texas and that they are at
tempting to gather again In
Hidalo county, west Of Browns
vile. Sunday, he said, doz-
en- approached a ranch house
near San Benito, sending two
to the house. The rancher's
wife was at home alone. The
Mexicans told her they did not
wish to hurt her. They asked
her where her husband and his
horses were. After satisfying
themselves that both the men
Of the house and the horses
were away, the Mexicans left.
Rangers were searching for
them.
The twenty-sixth infantry
from Texas City, went on duty
here today. About seventy
five men of the twenty-sixth
were left at Kingsville, 115
miles north Of Brownsville, and
more than two companies went
on patrol at Harlingen, between
here and Kingsville.
Rangers and peace officers
are .disarming all Mexicans out
side of the larger towns
throughout the Brownsville Sec
tion. Firearms discovered in
the possession of Mexicans in
rural communities of this Sec
tion is practically equivalent
to death warrant unless that
Mexican is we'll known to
Americans as being peaceful.
In the case of several with such
a record, firearms were con-
flscated and warning given
not to obtain any more.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17
GOOD Times HERE
SAY DELE CA TEs
MEN ATTENDING CONVENTION OF
MERCANTILE AGENCIES SEE
ROSY OUTLOOK.

Duluth, Mimi, Aug 1s. Better bust
ness conditions prevail throughout the
country. say delegates from all over
the United States who reached Duluth
today to attend the annual convention
Of the National Association of Mercan-
tile agencies. They declare that the
business outlook is brighter than it
has been for three years and most OF
the delegates report good times al
ready at hand. This is plainly notice
able, they say in the east, where fac
tories are on full shifts and overtime
with augmented payrolls.
William Sherman Ranch of the Cred.
It Reporting Co., Newark, N. u, said,
Makers OF steel and iron products
have been running twenty-four hours
a day for months and there is notice
able recuperation in other lines also. "
Samuel Rosenfeld of the Commercial
Agency of st. Louis, vice president of
the association, said business condi-
tions were much improved in the
south.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17
VILLA WAR LEVY
IS NOT ENFORCED
GENERAL SCOTT TALKS MEXICAN
CHIEF OUT OF PLAN TO TAX
CORPORATION.

Ell Paso, Texas, Aug. 16.-A forced
loan of 100000. levied by General
Villa against the James Brittingham
Soap factory, a Mexican corporation
at Gomez Palacio, has been lifted, 1t
became known here today. Abandon.
ment of the plan to collect the loan
from the concern followed conferences
between the northern leader and Major
General Hugh l.. Scott, chief of staff
of the United States army, who was
recently sent to the Mexican border on
state department mission.
The Gomez Palacio factory enjoyed
a practical monopoly in the purchase
of cotton seed at a fixed price and the
sale of it's production under the Diaz
regime. Formerly much of the stock
of the company is said to have been
held by members Of the so-called "cien-
tifico" party in the form of bearer
stock certificates. Suspecting that the
certificates in this form served to con-
ceal the identity Of members of the
cientifico, who were deriving revenue
from the property in his territory, Villa
is said to have exacted loans amount
ing to over quarter of million dol
lars. When his last demand was re-
fused the plant was contiscated. At
a conference, General Scott is said to
have convinced Villa that the stock
is now held exclusively by American
and British investors.
Future movements of General Scott
were uncertain today, pending the re-
ceipt of further instructions from
Washington. ~a
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17
Allies Hoping Against Hope
That Greece and Serbia
Can Line Up Bulgars
GERMANS PREPARE
GREAT OFFENSIVE
Army Corps Being Gathered
at Rumanian Frontier
for Expected Move

| London, Aug. 16. Military opera
| tions in the eastern field are develop.
ing slowly. Both sides show the ef
fects of the intensity of the Warsaw
struggle. The German advance now
Won Hindenburg to force troops across
the Dvina and eastward in the general
direction of Petrograd, and the near
approach OF the army of Prince Leo.
pold of Bavaria to the new Brest.
Litovsk defense. Notwithstanding the
steady pressure of the Germans, the
Russians have succeeded thus far in
holding them west OF the Dvina.
The Balkan crisis Is drawing to a
climax. The national assemblies of
Serbia and Greece meet today, with
the probability of definite decision as
regards Bulgaria's territorial demands,
upon which hinge the question of unit
ed action of the Balkan states with the
allies.
In the best posted quarters here the
outlook is regarded with a degree of
pessimism. 1t is expected Serbia will
seek compromise and Greece will re-
ject the Bulgarian contentious. Re
ports from Athens indicate that King
Constantine is insisting that the new
cabinet must maintain strict neutral
ity, the effect of which would be to
withhold Greece from participating in
a plan of united Balkan cooperation
with the allies
In the meantime there are many evi-
dences of Austro-G German preparations
to deal with the Balkan situation. 40.
cording to information from Bucharest,
German army corps have been CON
centrated near the junction Of Hun
gary, Roumania and Serbia. This,
with the bombardment of Belgrade and
the activity of Austrian artillery at
many points along the Danube, lends
support to reports of great Austro-
German offensive In the Balkans.
The outcome of the crisis is awaited
most anxiously, as determining wheth-
er the allies will receive new support
from the Balkans and whether Ger
many's supplies Of ammunition for
Turkey will continue to be shut off by
the Balkan barrier.
Bulgarian officials do not expect an
agreement will be reached, but the
Serbian minister at London, M. Bosh-
kovitch, told the Associated Press he
believed a middle ground would be
found on which 1t will be possible to
unite the Balkan states.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17

probably will not reach New Orleans
before tonight. Mr. Cardoso will 60
on to Washington.
Centers In Gulf.
Galveston, Texas, Aug. 16.-Appar
emily the tropical disturbance which
passed through the Yucatan channel
Sunday Is still centered in the south
central gulf. This morning the wind
was blowing thirty eight miles an hour
from the northeast There was some
indication that the disturbance might
pass east Of Galveston.
Galveston People Flee.
Houston, Texas, Aug. 16-More than
100 persons, including scores OF tour
lists from other states, who left Gal
weston in fear Of storm that has
not developed yet, were in this
city today. Alarming reports concern
ing the gulf hurricane reported sweep
ing toward the Texas coast were
denied promptly today by the weather
bureau.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17

u. S. Position on Sale of War
Munitions is Made VerD Plain

Washington, Aug 16,-The a
tiaungary published today declines
Vienna government that
The communication the
the United States in permitting the
violating
nat denial Of that contention
In justification It's position among
other things that international the practice
cuy the United States and nations
the of munitions neutral begeent
The United States contend, that
right which claims itself from
neutral event foreign attack In this
States hints that might buy
The note retes the fact that and Germany
piled munitions Great Bran the
Engand enemies could import such supplies and
refused TO sell Great Britain
that would violate the spirit of
their contention"
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17
0TTUMWA NAN
| FOR HARD ROADS
l. A. Andrew, Just Bacl
From Coast, Says the
State Is Behind
SUGGESTS REMEDY
BY USING AUTO TAx
States It Is Enough to Bond
Construction and Care
of the Highways

"You may enlist mo for the hart
roads campaign in Iowa which UNDER
stand the Greater Iowa association
contemplates for this fall" said l.. a.
Andrew. president of the Citizens Saw
ings bank of Cttumwa, upon return.
Ing after visit to the exposition on
the Pacific coast
We had a very delightful trip and
saw many things of interest, but the
more we saw, the more we were i'm.
pressed with the real stability Of life
IN Iowa. We returned to Iowa, better
lowans than when we left,
But we had impressed upon us one
development in that western country
whersin Iowa 10 far behind--per
manent roads. California has spent
eighteen million dollars within the
last three years, building hard-sur
faced highways, and they propose Ca
spend twelve million dollars more or
total of thirty million dollars within
next two years. California has only
fourteen per cent of ite area subject
to profitable cultivation. Iowa has
97.2 per cent Of It's area subject to
profitable cultivation. CALIFORNIA;
hard roads pass through miles and
miles Of wild country that never has
seen plow and where four hours at
time, you do not even see house or
other sign OF permanent human nabit-
ration.
Hard roads in Iowa would traverse
the most wonderful agricultural coun-
try in the world, irrespective Of the d.
rection the road might take. You
would never be out Of sight Of highly
developed farms, modern farm houses
and school houses and other indica-
tons not only OF permanent habita-
ton. but of comfort and happiness
Let us get busy at once in Iowa, adopt
a definite hard roads policy and then
take up some definite projects, and do
business. The money we are paying
now for road betterment in Iowa, not
only would pay interest on thirty mil.
lion dollars worth Of bonds, but would
provide sinking fund that ultimate.
ly would pay off the bonds and provide
funds for upkeep.
Why not apply modern financial
sense to this good roads business in
stead Of graphing with it like lot
Of school children"
Mr.. and Mrs. l.. A. Andrew, their
son, Lucius, Jr., and Mrs. H. r. Andrew
leIJ mere 1OuT weeks ago LOT ClclT W06t
ern trip and have covered much terri
tory ever since. They visited along
the coast from Mexico to Canada, saw
both expositions and visited in
number of the cities of the west and
northwest enroute. From San Fran
cisco to Portland they took the water
route and report delightful trip all
the way
Mr.. Andrew says the San Francisco
fair surpasses the previous worlds
fairs that he has seen in many ways.
The illumination was feature that he
most enjoyed and he said that the ex-
position was big. pretty and good
show.
The arrival home was attended by z
train misshap in which no one was
hurt. The tender of the K. & d. en-
gine of the morning passenger train
loft the rails about six miles west OF
Ottumwa and the Andrew party tele.
phoned from the Roth farm to the
Reeves garage for car and arrived in
Ottumwa about 10:30 this morning.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17
SERBIANS ENGAGE
ENEMY ARTILLERY

Paris, Aug. 16.-A Havas dispatch
from Nish, dated Sunday, says that on
August 13 the Serbians with a few
shells stopped the enemy from work.
ing on defenses in front of the village
of Dobra on the Danube. On the same
day Serbian artillery before Velicocelo,
near Belgrade, engaged in duel with
a hostile battery stationed at the vii.
lage Of Starchevo, and at the twelfth
shot reduced the enemys guns to
silence.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17
MANY AMERICANS IN WAR.
Canadian officer Reports That at Least
Two Thousand U. S. Citizens
Are in Army.

London, Aug. 16.-There are no
fewer than two thousand Americans
in the ranks of the Canadian military
contingent, said Major General Sam
Hughes, Canadian minister of militia,
at a meeting of Americans held here
last night. II have already written
letters of gratitude and sympathy"
said General Hughes, ito mothers of
more than 100 American boys who
have fallen while fighting in Flanders
alongside of Canadian comrades. More
than 1000 enlisted and we could have
many more If we desired. Any num-
Der of West Pointers offered their
services as officers and some are now
with U.s."
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17
CHOLERA IN GERMANY Y
German Soldier Home on Leave From
Galicia Believed 70 Have
Brought Disease.

Geneva, Thursday, Aug. 12-(via
Paris) Aug. 16.-Delayed in transmits
sion) n)-Asiatic cholera has appeared
at Cannstaat, Wurttemberg. An Of
fetal notice says that only one case
has developed-that of German sold
Ter on leave, who contracted the dis
ease in Galicia-and that every precau-
tion is being used to prevent spreading
Of the contagion.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17
TWO AEROPLANES
PROVING MYSTERY

San Angelo, Texas, Aug. 16.-The
unexplained maneuvering Of two aero.
planes in this county has caused no
little excitement among residents
north of San Angelo. The two ma.
chimes were seen last night flying to-
ward this city for the second time
within a week. San Angelo is $50
miles from the nearest border point.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17

TelIO8TAu, Aug. lo.-Ine mlulaTy
situation is viewed by Russian army
officers with degree of optimism,
owing to the manner in which the Ger
mans have been checked at the cross
ings of the rivers Liwiec and Krzna,
east of the Siedlce-Lukow front, where
the invaders lost 500 prisoners in addi-
tion to heavy toll OF dead and
wounded. Confidence Is felt here that
the Russians will be able to make>any
further eastward progress of the in
vaders very costly to them.
Fierce battles are looked for In the
district between the Nurec and Narew
rivers and at the crossings Of the Bug.
The immediate German objective is be-
lieved to be the double track railroad
which roughly parallels the present
fighting line, running from Ossowetz
to Bilaystok, Brest-Litovsk and Kovel.
This road is protected by dense for
ests and by the marshes Of the region
of the upper Narew.
Russian military critics find 1t difi-
cult to reconcile this evidence OF weak
ness with German claims to undimin-
ished strength. The Russian theory Is
that these claims are advanced for ef-
feet on the Balkan states.
Renewal Of the German offensive
against the Dvina at Jacobstadt is TO-
cusing attention on the Baltic region.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17
BOMBS BURIED IN EARTH.

Paris, Aug. ga dispatch from
Lisbon to the Fourniers' agency says
that laborer working in field at
Cube Ruiye, Lisbon suburb, dug up
a bomb which exploded and seriously
wounded him. The police made =
search and found large number Of
bombs buried in all parts Of the field
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17
Assures u. S. He Will Allow
Peace Appeal to Pass
Through His Lines
AMERICANS VERY
NEARLY STARVED
No Hint of Intervention in
Communication From the
Pan-American Meet

Fl Paso, Texas, oAug. 16.-The
carranxa consulate here today an
nounced the receipt Of copy Of
the reply Of General Gales, Car
ranza commander in Sonora, to tho
the Pan-Ameriean appeal for a
peace conference for Mexican lead.
ers.
In effect It refers the state de-
partment and the Latin-Amerlcan
diplomats to carranza.
Brownsville, Texas, Aug. 16.-A
detachment of United States cav
airy patrol was fired on last night
from the Mexican side Of the Rio
Grande, at Progreso, near Mer-
cedes, about thirty miles up the
Rio Grande from here. The cav
airy returned the fire and the
shooting from the Mexican side
stopped. There were no casual
ties among the American troops.
Washington, D. c., Aug. 16.-Assur
arces that General Carranza will not
obstruct delivery of the Pan-American
appeal to Mexico reached the state
department today in message from
C.. B. Parker of the American embassy
staff in Mexico City, saying General
Pablo Gonzales, Carranza's command
er here, had promised safe conduct
to the messengers who are to carry
the appeal to General Zapata and
others"
Parker also reported destitution
among Americans in the capital and
said 12O being aided by the American
embassy attaches had asked to be sent
to the United States.
A message from Consul Silliman at
Vera Cruz reported that the bishop
of Vera Cruz, who had been tmprison-
ed by Carranza authorities for some
time, had been released.
Advices from Monterey said Villa
fc rces under Rosalio Hernandez and
Roaul Madero had advanced to within
nine leagues Of the city.
Indian Attack Feared.
San Diego, Cal, Aug. 1e.-Although
things are now quiet, an attack on
foreign property in the state Of Sin
aloa. Mexico, by Mayo Indians is fear
ed when the Mexican property on
which the Indians are now foraging is
according to word received
today by the United States ship Colo
RADIO from Los Mochis. The command
Ing officer of the United States cruiser
Cleveland held consultation with a
of prominent Americans at the
headquarters of the United Sugar Co.,
at Los Mochis.
There are 146 American men, wom-
en- and children at present in the Los
Mochis district. the commander of the
Cleveland was told and they all refuse
to leave their homes.
Two hundred Mexican troops, ac-
cording to word received here today
by the United States steamship Colo
RADIO, left Guaymas Saturday for No
gales, where, it is reported, all Villa
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17
MANY GIRLS AT
WORK FOR KRUPPS

Geneva, Aug. 16.-Official figures
show that on June about 5000 young
women were employed at the Krupp
works at Essen, as compared with L.
329 on January 1. The whole number
of employees on June Is not given. On
January l the total was 46,926, exclus-
i've of the employees in the associated
dustries-mining and ship building
and in the ammunition works in other
parts of Germany owned by the
Krupps
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17
RUSSIANS GROW
VERY OPTIMISTIC
Petrograd Reports Check
Of the Germans Along
Line of Rivers
RAILROAD LINE IS
WELL PROTECTED
Flanks of Invading Armies
Believed Weaker Than
Teutons Admit

Berlin, Aug. 16.-Field Marshal
Won Mackensen continued his pur-
suit Of the retreating Russians
from the south toward Brest-
Litovsk, has occupied Ciale and
SIawatycze, according to official
announcement made by German
army headquarters today. The
army of Prince Leopold Of Bavaria
pressing the Russians from the
west, has occupied Losyce and
Miedzyree, the statement adds.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17

TO INCREASE NAVY.
Rome, Aug. 16.-The official gazette
publishes decree authorizing spec
ial new naval credit Of $16,236,675.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-08-17

Continued on page 81
The interior journal. [volume] (Stanford, Ky.) 1912-1984, 1915-02-16

sleeping powders shot himself, dying
a few hours later frr.n the effects
of the wound. In Omaha, Neb., less
than a week ago a victim of sleeping
powders shot and seriously wounded
his wife, and thus it goes, one such
tragedy after another. 1t is hardly
probable that any will contend that a
man in full possession of his senses
would commit such crimes without
apparent cause. No causes are
charged to any of these killings and
and attempted killings. The lesson
to normal men and women is OBJ
vious: Beware of sleeping powders.
Drugs of such nature should only be
taken on a reputable physicians pre-
scription, and then with the greatest
care. Sleeping powders may pro-
duce sleep all right, but when they
temporarily unbalance the mind,
the time has arrived when a halt
should be called on them.