The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-07-14

supposed TO represent the region sur
rounding Boston Its spelling Is uni
que, -Matthathusettss being one OF
the names upon It A map, drawn
by George Washington of the land
granted him along the Great Kanawna
river in West Virginia by the British
government is carefully prestryed.
IA large map OF exquisitely nne wo trk.
manship, drawn by the engineer OF
Sir William Howe, showing Phila-
deIphia and its defenses in 1717, is
one OF the most perfect manuscript
maps in the world. The most valua-
Bile map acquired during the present
year is a large manuscript map OF the
Philippine Islands, made in 1857 by
Pedro Freylin.
Roller maps have become practi-
cally obsolete because of the 1ncon-
venience of handling them. and also
because the varnish hardens ana
cracks with age, destroying the map
All old maps are carefully cut INTO
sections, each of which is mounted
upon a sheet OF strong manila, and
these are placed in, fo1ios. Special:
metal cases, designed by Mr.. Philips
for the library of Congress, have been
copied by many other large Libraries.
They are practically dust-proof. are
readily accessible and have added adj
vantage of being fre-proof. The maps
In the library of Congress are classl-
fed chronologicalIy and by subjects
in thirteen separate divisions.
An Ancient Art
Map making is one Of the Oldest
arts in the world and has been used
by the most primitive people TheI
science of astronomy was not utilized
In map making until after the Chris
ton era, although the ancient Baby
lonians had divided space into $50
degrees containing so minutes OF sol
seconds each Most OF the old maps
are largely allegorcal, and were based
upon travellers tales, which were any
thing but authentic. An old map OF
the sixteenth century shows the IN
terror of Africa, embellished by
peculiar human being holding up
foot half the length Of its body. Sir
Henry Vaudeville, a traveller of that
period, told that the Inhabitants OF
Africa had feet so large that they
held. them up when they set down to
rest. to screen themselves from thel
rays of the sun. Another curious old
map represents the earth as a reel
tangle. It is based upon the CHAP
ter of Revelations DESCRIBING the FOUR
corners of the earth.
The heiroglyphics and ancient draw
ings of primitive races, which cannot
be interpreted, are supposed by some
photographers to represent maps. ne
painted rocks Of Arizona are supposed
to indicate trails and physical land
marks of that country centuries ago.
The Eskfmos made crude maps and
drawings, some of which were OF
sufficient accuracy to enable Sir Ed
win Perry to locate Heckla's strait,
as well as to guide the relief party
out in search of the members OF the
Franklin expedition.
A Great Contrast.
The contrast between such crude
drawings and the finished map of to-
day is as strong as between any other
production of sayagery and civilfza
ton. The American Geographical
Society of New York, has had the
windows of its magnificent new build
ing at Broadway and One Hundred
and Fifty-sixth street decorated with
transparencies representing the dew
elopment of map-making. There are
forty-two maps in this collection,
ranging from the first century to the
close of the seventeenth. The maps
contained in the library of the society
inside OF the building indicate theI
progress made by the map-makers
since then.
The general geo graphical map of
the modern atlas is triumph of COM
bined art and science. It is less ornate
than some of the older handmade
maps, which were embellished with
portraits and other pictures and Ella
.borate borders, but it is co1ored ar
tistically, each tint having some signi-
fcance. Brown usually typff1es noun
tains and blue water. Other shades
represent different geographical and
f13@ A. S~.ka ~Af a.1I
map committee, representing all the
leading nations of the world met in
London in 1909. They decided upon
a uniform system of coloring, SYMBOLS
lettering and protection to be gener-
ally adopted, and used in the produc-
ton of uniform map of the world, in
which each nation is to be respon-
sib1e for certain part.
Produced by Degrees.
The system decided upon has been
adopted so far as possible in the maps
published since then by the different
governments. The map of the world
is being produced by degrees, nine
sheets of it now being available. This
map will be known either as the inter-
national or the "millsonth map'-theI
latter term being given because of
tits scale of an inch OF space upon the
map to million inches OF the sur
face OF the earth represented The
maps printed in the average atlas do
not give any accurate idea OF the
proportion in size between one ssate|
or country and other, because each
map fills the same sized page and the
scale of miles inconspicuously printed
along the vside is seldom referred to-.
In many biographies the map of
Rhode island is as large as Texas
or California It is only in referring
to a map OF the entire country that
an adequate idea of the size of each
point is gained. It is not easy to-
compare the sizes of countries re-
mote from each other. France covers