Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-24

The special uses are not confined to
Individuais and companies. Other
branches Of the government have gone
into the forests and have set up such
| Establishments as weather observation
| stations. post offices and hsh hatcheries.
| Under still other permits orchards have
been planted on the government forest
lands and fruits are being harvested.
Ap'aries have been established on some
| OF the reservations and are producing
regular supplies Of what might be
| called "government-Hrown"h honey. Nu-
merous school buildings and churches
exist within the borders of some for
| ests. while sanitariums have been built
in others: and on some Of the south
western forest reservations scientists
nave secured permits to explore pre-
a ams1 fo ruins IS In MONTANA where
the Madison national forest, permits
| have been issued to conduct in the for
est barber shop. poolroom. a black
smith shop. restaurant and several
| general stores.
Charges are made for some Of the
permits. but the great majority are is
sued free. or the 1892 special use
permits" OF various kinds now in force
| lO.447 were issued without charge.
Z X
That the use of tobacco among chill
dren, some Of them Of very tender
| ages, is more extern
Cnlldfen'S Use sive than is general
| - roh.oon ly known has been
| developed by a sur
vey recently made by the United States
public health service. The study was
Of school children in a city, the name
of which the service is not willing,
for obvious reasons. to disclose. But
the medical experts who gathered the
! data feel that they are none the less
valuable because the geographical loca-
ton is not advertised.
| Answers as to tho use Of tobacco
were obtained in all from 2.215 pupils
| between the ages of four and three
ters years. OF these nearly 100, or AZ
| per cent, admitted the use Of tobacco
in some form. OF the 1,043 boys. 81
admitted the use of tobacco. while Of
the 1.172 girls only admitted such
use. 1t Is believed by the Investigators,
| however, that the admitted child users
of tobacco do not complete the list and
| that there were probably numerous Sc
answers of the children were known
to the parents. so that the list secured
| represents the number Of children
| making use of the weed with parental
| consent.
| Most Of the boys admitting the use
| of tobacco were smokers, while all Of
! the girls confessing it's use were dip
pers" Of snuR.
A six-year-old boy was found who
smoked. while the youngest chewer
was eight and the youngest dipper nine.
1t developed. however. that one boy
began to smoke and two girls began
to dip at three years Of age. Something
| of the magnitude of the problem OF
children was brought out when the
| investigators found that one of the
| little girls was led by her parents to
! begin dipping snuff when three years
clan. who declared that the habit would
preserve her health.
| +
Mans fundamental industry, farming,
| Is by no means the simple method of
making a living that
Farmlng as it is usually assumed
Ru.;nas. to be by farmers as
well as others. On the
| contrary, it is one of the most complex
| Of all vocations. and this fact is being
brought to the attention of an in
creasing number of agriculturists by
| the work of the Office of farm man
agement of the Department of Agri-
| culture, through analyses Of the busi-
nesses of individual farmers.
| The field workers of the office have
learned that while farmers can be
found in almost every community who
are really f1rst-class business men,
there are many who know little of the
proper management of their businesses
! In the sense that managers Of indus
| trial concerns understand the proper
operation of their enterprises. It has
also been found that few farmers keep
accurate accounts and that fewer still
understand how to make good use of
statistics of their operations The re-
suit is that many farmers on good
| land and with good equipment barely
exc out living, and not only do not
| know why they are near-failures, but,
because they have been used to such
to realize that they are not making a
success of their enterprises
In its work, which is resulting in
greatly improved conditions, the office
OF farm management is sending it's
agents into farming communities and is
having them anaiyze conditions on each
farm by methods that can in the future
| be applied by the farmers themselves.
Simple statistics are collected on total
acreage, titled acreage. kinds of crops.
| crop yields. general livestock, work
animals and labor employed: and from
these Is calculated the labor income"
Of the farmer--what is left Of his gross
income when farm expenses have been
| ment has been deducted.
These analyses have brought out
striking contrasts. 1t has been shown.
for instance. that one farmer has a
labor income Of more than $1,000
| whereas that of a neighbor operating
under comparable conditions may be
| less than 800.
The result Of the analyses by the de-
partment's agents has been to awaken
among the farmers keen interest in
better farm management. When the
agents find that the less successful
farmer is interested. they compare with
him his farm figures and those of the
most successful group. pointing out
the factors that have made for and
against large income. On this expert
advice numerous farmers are modify
ing their methods, readjusting work
| animals to acreage. increasing or de-
creasing areas, and giving greater or
less prominence to live stock or spe-
cific crops. The work is still in its in
fancy. but Agricultural Department Of
| fcials believe that when it has been
taken up more generally by all kinds
Of agencies for agricultural education
| 1t will practically revolutionize farm
ing in this country and will place it
for the first time on a firm business
| hrctc