davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-01-03
'tONVENTION TROOPS WIN
shilstas Flee Field, Leaving os of Their Dead.

Paso, Texas, Jan. 2.-Fightins eea Carranzitas of General s laDailero's division in Tamauli and the convention government ps IS officially reported frcn .o Clty to have taken place
 instance from Tampico, result.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-01-03

Paris, Jan. 2.--Violent artillery conflicts have ragged along the entire battle front from the sea to the Vos- ges during the past AS hours, to the almost utter exclusion of infantry. at tacks.
 So furious have been the lombard ment and the reply of the hostile guns, and at such short range, that to send the foot troops into the field of fire at any of the various storm centers of the general battle would be suicidal. Moreover, the open fields over which troops might ad vance have been turned into great seas of mud, honey -combed with | trenches and sappers' tunnels, and furrowed and blasted by exploding shells. until passage across them is almost impossible.
 Tonight's official statement reports a furious fusillade by the Germans against the allies earthworks to the east of Vermelles (between Bethune and Lens), and in the region to the north of Chaulnes. Here the Ger mans epened with their big guns a terrific cannonading, followed by a raking fire from the machine guns |posted in their trenches, but the French reply was so terrific that the I invaders were prevented from fol- lowing their cannonade with an as- sault in force.
 On the Flanders front, the French and Belgian troops operating in front of Newport were stationary during the entire day, while the arr ltillery exchanged shots with the Ger mans, neither side being able to dislodge the hostile forces. At. St., l Georges, the German bombardment has ceased, and the allies are strengthening the position for use as a base in the offensive maneuvers. l Before Zonnebeke, further along the Yser, the Germans also attacked with their big. guns, but the range was long and their fire ineffective. Arras, Albert and Rove were im- portant centers of the conflict. In the environs of each of these towns, all of which are of great value stra- ] ltegically, the fields were dug up and blasted by the explosion of grenades and shrapnel until the region appear ed as if an earthquake had occurred.
 On the road between Deaumetz and Archicourt. twN wagons loaded with shells supplying the French artillery were blown up by a German shell and a whole section of the highway blast ed by the explosion which followed. Tn recitation the French concentrat- ed the fire of several batteries on the German earthworks at LaBoisselle and at Parville, levelled the German dugouts, routing the occupants and driving them before terrific fusil- Jade of mitrailleuse fire back to their supporting positions. The French guns also silenced the howitzers which the Germans had placed before Firecourt.
 In the angle of the Aisne and Disc, Ivon Kluck's most advanced salient, all the batteries of the Germans in action yesterday were silenced. l On this. height several mines were lexplodeds in front of the French po- sition, tearing great holes in tho Iground. a Il Under cover of the blasting operaa i tions and the pail of smoke, tho French advanced and while the debris and mud was still falling, took pos-
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-01-03
INCENTIVE TO sT0RK.
Texas New Governor Offers Prizes
 for Twins and Triplets.

Austin, Texas, Jan. Ex-Governor. elect Ferguson authorized the an- nouncement today that he would give asprize of $10 for the first twins and a prize, of $50 for the first triplets born in Texas in 1915.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-01-03
Vote in Senate Indicates Measure Can Be Passed
 Over Presidents S Veto.
l BELGIAN FARMERS
 GET CONSIDERATION
Lodges Amendment EXempts Them from Literacy Fest and AiicM Cen. tract Labor Eaw-liouse Votes OH
 Woman Suffrage .Ianrar! l2.

Washin on, Jan. 2.-Late this after neon the senate discussion on the i'm migration bill came to an abrupt end, and the measure was passed by the de. cisive vote of DO to {. Those who vOt- ed against the bill on account Of tho literacy test were Brandegee and. Nc Cumber. Republicans, and Martin, O'Gorman, Reed Ransdell and Walsh Democrats. e
 This unusually large vote is accept ed by senators as proof that the Dill can be passed over the presidents veto in the senate.
 Senator Lodges amendment which would relieve Belgian farmers from the literacy test and the alien contract labor laws was written into the pfll by vote of 34 to 22.
 Under this amendment, refugees from Belgium would be |: dmitted only when they could come for the pur- pose of taking up land and engaging in agricultural pursuits, and WI en they can show the comn,issioner-gcn eral of immigration that they are not likely to become a public charge.
 Woman Suffrage Amendment. l Washington, Jan. 2.-House leaders decided to allow vote January 12 on the woman suffrage constitutional amendment.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-01-03
! Continued from Page 5.)

E
 sTEP TOWARD FREEDOM .ss e9ey troubles is taken when
 s man makes his first deposit ssihgs bank. He has begun hlwnlcn if continued will surely |. e aoove want. It will also NV nlm to seize opportunities - rs,. lree spending companions fo,sle N De able to grasp. Prove 6nts tsIssigntedness by starting an usee next pay day.
 Remember!
 p.s I per cent on Sayinga
 & F. Bank nsssarraqus and Main.
 quest Bunk in Arkansas.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-01-03
French Report Demolishing German Batteries and
 Capturing Trenches.
RUSSIAN WARSHIP
 HELPS LAND ARMY
Armorcd Cruiser in VistuIa Shells Germans Oil Beth t,idles-kuSSian Offensive iD Poland Has Failed,
 According t0 Berlin.

Paris, Jan. 2.-Tonght's official statement says:
 ''1'here are no incidents worthy of report except the furious efusillade last night against our trenches to the east of Vermelles and in the re- zion to the north of Chaulnes, and an unsuccessful German attack west of Consencoy."
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-01-03
Standard Oil Divides.

Cleveland, Ohio, Jan. 2-The Stand ard Oil co. of Ohio, today paid d. regular quarterlx dividend of 3 ner cent with an extra dividend of three per cent. ssss
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-21
F0RTY-F -FOUR OUT AT N. Y. U.
Several Mig Men Report o Line
Squad Looks Promising.

The squad of ~forty-four candidates
which reported for football practice yes
terday afternoon at New York Umiver-
for the institution. At no previous time
has there been a squad of equal size
on Ohio Field before the formal opening
of college.
Coach Reilly began the afternoons
workout by continuing with the funda-
mental drills. Later a half hour was
gwen over to stiff practice on the tack
ling dummy. The dummy was sur
rounded by n big pile of hay, ~ as to
avoid as much as possible the numerous
sore elbows which caused W much
trouble last season. A short scrimmage.
which consisted OF little more than work
in breaking through the line. followed
the dummy practice.
The line, which at the beginning OF the
season had all appearances of being the
teams weakest point, is rapidly develop
ing into the strongest department. Sui
ger, an old Commerce High School
player, made his first appearance on the
field yesterday. He weighed in at $50
pounds. Morris. from Brown Prep. was
another line man to make his debut yes
terday. Oscar Williams. a colored tackle
of Gushing Academy, has entered the
university and will probably be In a
suit to-day. Among the other new play
ers who are showing up in good form
are Treer OF Commercial High School
Brand of Erasmus and Lyons Of Orange
High School.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-21
TWENTY EIGHT CARS
OUT FOR ASTOR CUP
Harry s. Hardness Renters
Auto Racing and VIII
Pilot Dclage.
MUST DO 85 MILE TRIAL

The Sheepshead Bay Speedway Cor
poration announced last night that
twenty-eight entries had been received
for the $50 mile Aston cup race, which
will be held on october 2. OF these
nine are foreign. There may he more
entries, as all mailed yesterday and
bearing a postmark not later than mid
night will be honored.
Harry S. Hardness. president OF the
speedway, is to center the racing game
and will pilot one of ,he Delage cars.
II was expected that Ralph de Palma,
pario Resta. Barney Oldield. Earl
Cooper and other stars were TO compete,
but the entry OF Hardness Is a big
surprise. MIR. Hardness Is a son OF the
late l.. V. Hardness aud was a noted
driver when Alexander Wlnton and
Albert c. Bostwick took part in the
sport. In 1905 darkness broke the
Boston TO New York record II made
new figures for tho assent OF Mount
Washington in the famous climb TO the
clouds"
According to the conditions the candi-
dates must take part in eliminating
ria on the speedway next Friday and
Saturday. To be eligible to start In the
big event they must show in a n lap
trial Of two miles an average speed OF
at least eighty-iivc miles an hour. They
viii take their positions in the rae In
the order of their times. the maker OF
the fastest lap getting the pole on the
first row. The entries received are
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-21
GEORGETOWN WAKES DEFIANT.
Hopes tn Give Princeton bitter
Battle Next saturday..

WASHINGTON. Sept. 20.-Prince,ou
may run up against a tartar in the
heavy. aggressive Georgetown eleven
next saturday ia the first contest ~ the
1915 season for both teams. The locals
Will have had thrr" weeks of the hardest
kline ~ training for this game. hoping
to surpriS" the Tigers and better the
1905 g1me. when Georgetown held
Princeton to a lone touchdown. losing
10y . to q.
Georgetown will offer practically the
same sturdy bunch Of forwards who
crectually stopped the attack OF Wash
iugtuu ana Jefferson last November.
hut the back tio'd will hr entirely new
Coach ENendinc has taught his charges
special formations calculated TO be ef-
fcct!ve against the Princeton style ~
defence, and the Blue and Gray Will
take the field hopeful OF AT least hold
.uG the Tigers TO no score.
From end to end Georgetown will
put a team on the field averaging lg2
pounds, while the back field Will aver
age l6j pounds. The entire eleven aver
ages ~ pounds,
\ week from Saturday Georgetown
tackles the Navy at Annapolis, and the
football world then Will have its frss
opportunity To- judge the calibre OF the
M!ddies this year.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-21
NEWS OF FINANCIAL INTEREST

shapes valued at Sl5O.OOO. Among
these contracts Is a freight station at
pittsburg for the Baltimore and Ohio
Railroad requiring 57j tOns Of shapes,
which will be furnished to the general
contractor by the American Bridge
Company. The Chicago and North
western Railroad Company has given
an order for 225 tons of steel to the
Chicago Bridge and Iron Company to
he used in the construction of the Wob-
ster avenue subway in Chicago. The
contract for a sugar factory to he con
structed in Utah calls for $50 tons of
fabricated steel. which has been
awarded to the Toledo Bridge and Crane
Company. A theatre at Cleveland for
the Stillman Amusement Company re-
quires 1926 tons of steel, which will he
fabricated by the Massillon Bridge Com
pany.
Tenders will be made next Wednesday
on the construction OF n city pier at
West T~wenty-third street, New York
city. calling for 200 ton Of steel. The
Kirkman Soap Company is asking for
bids on 1000 tons OF steel for a storage
warehouse in Brooklyn. The Seneca
Falls Manufacturing Company has
placed a contract for "A factory building
calling for 400 tons OF steel with the
John Eichley Construction Company.
The Consolidated Biscuit Company has
placed an order for 400 tons OF steel
shapes for a factory in Brooklyn with
Hilliken Bros, Inc. The Realty Struc-
tural Company Will fabricate 200 tons
Of steel for a pavilion at Chicago for
the Presbyterian Hospital.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-21
SENIORS STUDY APAWAMIS.
Many Veteran Golfers Practise
preparatory 10 Annual Event.

RYE, y Y, Sept 20-The course Of
the Apawamis club was a busy place
to-day as a goodly share OF the veteran
golfers who will play I'm the annual
Seniors tournament which begins to-
morrow. spent the day Ia practising for
the competition, Many uf those who
played practice rounds To-day were from
other parts of the country. hut "A large
number OF the veteran players from
the courses around New York also were
on hand.
The change i'm the length Of the tour
ncy making 1t a four day affair. instead
OF one lasting only two days, met with
the approval of nearly al. Of the seniors
who were at the club to-day. nat
they appreciate especially is hat II Will
give them pletny Of time to play thar
rounds and that no one VIII be deprived
of his chance OF winning by being forced
to finish I'm the dark. "a fate hat has
bcfallou "A good many of the competitors
in the last TWO or three overcrowded
years,
The last pair to start tomorrow will
leave the first tee "A little after . o'clock
In the afternoon so that everyone will he
through long before dark.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-21
HARVARD VARSITY RIPS
SCRUB ALL AFTERNOON
Keeps Ball Throughout First
S%crimmage and Displays
Great Power.

CAMUEIuGE. Mass. Sept. gO.-Cndcr
conditions much better for football than
those Of last week the Harvard squad
began actual play this afternoon, the
entire varsity squad. or more han three
complete olevcns. having its first scr.m-
mage against the scrubs. After an en-
tensive signal drill and some instruction
on defensive formations two big teams
We're sent against each other and played
real football for considerably more than
an hour.
The varsity held the bah all the time,
making several scores and all on line
plays. The first team lined up with
Wiggin, last years freshman centre. iu
the middle OF the line: Duncan and
Cowan. guards Bigelow and Parson.
tackles. and Soucy and 9. Coolidge.
ends. Watson lost 80 much weight last
week that NillCoN was again at quarter.
although he later played in the back
field and made several lens broken field
ruus.
The varsity backs at the start were
McKinlock. King and Mahun. These
regulars worked half an hour and then
the second and third string men Welc
put ia. The first team showed % lot of
power and his against q surprisingly
strong defence on the past OF the scrubs,
whose guards. beware and Curuysur. re-
pe1tedly broke up plays.
EuwIiEht made a good Impression on
his first appearance with the varsity
backfield The squad was joined by
HArte aHd l.. curtis, TIVE euUs, and by
Gamer. a tackle two years ago., these
three men jus, having finished a long
lawn tennis campaign. Curtis. who was
good last year, got into the sc.lmmage
to-day. Gilman, ,ue I3 tackle. dd un,
plav on account of having To- go easy
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-21
N AND EXCHANGE.

The Sew York Federal Reserve Bank
rates We're 4 per cent. Tor thirty TO ninety
days and . per cent. Tor longer bills.
open market discounts. prime accept
ances, maturing up TO ninety days. "a q
~ per cent.
Commercial paper rates were AJAX PEI
cent. for sixty and ninety dag bills and
for four to six months best names; 81.
10 ~ per cent. for other.
Call money on the floor OF the Stock
Exchange last week ranged between IN
per cent and = per cent.
Time money was Inactive and steady.
Rates were IA per cent for sixty dRys.
~ H3 per cent. for ninety days, 3 per
cent. for four months, 3T3a per cent.
FOR I'VE months and 4 per cent for twelve
months.
sterling exchange was stronger. Final
quotations were: Demand, Al, cables.
Itlia
Domestic exchange on New York. 81.
Louis. par; san Francisco, 4Oc. premium
Minneapolis. soc. premium; chicago. &c.
discount: Cincinnati, par; Montreal. S3l2I.
Call money in London was ga a. per
cent, short bills, "a per cent. three
months bills, ~ per cent.
Bar silver In London. % 7-lGI New
York. ts&c.
New York Clearing IIals. statement.
Exchange t22u. $500; balance. .l3. -s-..
IS6; Sub-Treasury dco't balance, 'Iio ga
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-21
TORONTO RACING RESULTS.

First RAJ. Maiden two-year- olds, dys
end a n3It iat,9nig, ,o ph@o9r log 'T,aver,a
tKc's,yp, N3 amt S. 60 second 'pe Ha-
van, 10! Mcpormotu, s. 10, third. Time,
Alcx Gctz M,rriN, M.Lcllaud, Mrs. lack,
Casro and Broumoorn also ran. 'Seagram
second Rrrc-Two- year-o'd.. selling:
hye end a .alt fnr,ongsL,oppsr King lOt
AIocto. % Morys), $40 ana s. ~, second:
Hrclts Flame, loj l~SohnllIngorl, $40 20,
SHORE, Old pop and GOOD $40, also ran,
Third Rae. selling three ycar-o'ds and
upward one mile nrporlh, lo5 tSmythp.
Forrhoadb, SG,lo and S. 80, second, Beau
pere, lO7 Brownl, sll 90, third Time.
1'il 3-5. Kim Dicks ret Lady. London,
ana p"ntatract also ran.
Fourth Race--Rnysterer strcplechase;
three y.nr-olaS and upward; about two
s., ana $40, won. ,March count, "a
woke, SO 30 and 81 10, second, lin q,
c'1arorr sauce, Kau-Inla. union JACK ana
Or Ho,4berg also ran.
Fifth Racr-R othsrhild cup; handicap;
thrcc-year-oids and upward slN turlongs
The spirit, ~ tcallthanl, SIS 20, 81 50 aud
s3,yU, won, Southern Mali, ioo ,riavcrl,
$50 and $3.50, second, rriyet Petal, ma
Scornrineer. 'McCIlntock, ScmpsiIla. Hearts
Of oak and Sllday also ran
SiNtI Race Westminster Handicap;
niles and mares. all ages; $500 added;
seven furlongs-ran Z,rotd, "a ORicel,
straight 81 10, place $3.50, show s.. 10, FIRST
Water Lady, los C~McpermutD, place So 80,
show s. 20, second, Nenetii, l07 (Cala-
hanD. show s. 80, third Time, 1926 SIS.
The widow Moon and Itecoll also ran,
seventh Race priam Plate; three year
olls aud upward. selling $500 added
-ryrn furlonE--BuZZ Around, 100 GMcner-
MOTIF, straight 'r.i0, place 81 so, show
$50, nrsi lteLland, loa troreheuil, place
10 AhNN 81 NJ. second. MaTlIun lIu
CSmythl. show . 50, third Time, ii7 -.
Nalas, Cursican ana Polly II. also ran.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-21
TIGER LINE CAUSES WORRY.
scrub Penetrate II Though Using
Only EIcmcntnry PLAYS.

PRINCETON. Sept. 20.-Coach Rush OF
princeton ordered the second scrimmare
OF the year for the Tiger squad this
afternoon and for more than ~thirty-nvc
minutes the varsity and the second team
engaged in a lively tussle. The varsity
line still showed up weak and tho second
team had little difficulty in penetrating
1t. Rush's chief problem this year wi.
be to develop this line and he has only
falr material with which to work. The
scrubs used only simple plays, but
seldom failed to break through for large
gains
Cyril Haas, playing on the varsity,
got away with some long passes and
should develop into a passer OF the first
rank. Jack Eddy as usual starred at
the pivot position on the scrubs aud
handled his team smartly. His kicking
also was one of the features of the
afternoons work. Eddy Is - natural
player and seems 10 have the football
intuition. lie is making a strong bid for
a regular position at quarter. The morn
ing practice was given over to the rcCu-
lar work in passing, unnIu and kick
ing. Gates of last years freshman team
at Yale appeared In uniform during the
afternoon workout, but INDUCED In only
light exercise.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-21
RICE LEADS IN FAIRLY PLAY.
Equals Par nj Scnrsdale In Press
Golf Championship.

H~AErspALE. y. Y, Sept 20-The first
half Of the third annual press cham
pionship was played to-day on the links
Of the Scarsdale Golf and Country club
and Grantland Rice led the field with a
score Of 50. 72-l55. lie was just
twelve strokes better than the second
man, W. W Harris, the present title
holder, who's" score was 81, S3-l67.
over n score Of golfers played in the
competition and the frs; eight to-day
will play thirty-slx holes more next
Monday. the maker Of the lowest score
for the sevcuty-two holes winning the
championship.
Although Rice made the lowest gross
score this morning. an 81, and will
receive a prize for 50 doing I'm case he
does not 90 ON and win the Champion
ship cup, he waited until the afternoon
to play real golf. Good approaching
and the ability 10 run down his puts
Were The uu.lu reasons for his low score.
which just oluallcd the par for the
course He went out IN % and came
home in b for his -. thus cqualllng
par for each half Of the journey AZ we'll
as for the entire round,
\ prize for the lowest net score in
the morning round was provided and
.. l.. Fletcher. Sell. IS. and A. f..
l'o'n' N-l"' co. 'I'h Tor IT. Inc news
paper golfers were the guests OF the
club for to-day's tourney The SUM
mary:
Firs, Eigh'-Grant,and Rice. -. I.-ls5.
" W Harris, -. N3-lb7. + n FIaugh.
a. Size; AudreN Murray. 81. sl-l>2.
n ~ Martin Ht N-lN3, IL \ Halncs.
95, st-lN, Albert Heilpy. 80, g3-lSG.
" u eastman, %. el-l>7
Other ~Scor'~-Nrchie clifford. 100. 90
100, David Han, ys. l0l- -oo, J. q Logan.
~ "a nNs. "a "a TRrr.. HAs 90 AAg
r II Tailry. i09, lod-.l5, g + LauN.
10, lo7-2l73 g A. Wright, li9. ll:-:.5,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-21
WILSON PLAYS HALF
IN FIRST SCRIMMAGE
Yale, on It's Own Field. Begins
Last Lap of Practice for
Game With Maine.
OPEN PLAY WORKS WELL

NEW HAVEN, Sept. 20.-Capt. Aleck
Wilson played at right halfback to-day
in Nalc's first scrimmage held at Yale
Field this season. The football squad,
which has been spending the last two
weeks at Madison, had its first practice
on Yale Field this afternoon in prcpara-
ton for Saturdays game with Maine.
After running through signals, three
teams were lined up.
Icgore was not in the first string, nor
was BaldrldGe. the giant freshman Of
last year. ON the first team were
L'ft end. Moscly left tackle. sheldon
left guard, kozitsky centre. Way
right guard, Kent right tackle. Won
Hot right end, Allen quarterback.
Lowry left halfback. Guernsey right
halfback, Wilson %fullback, Scovil.
\ combination Of. Canadian rugby
and the old fashioned football was tried
and worked splendidly. The defence
handled itself well, and Scovil, Legore
and Guernsey punted for long distances.
Coach Hinkcy expressed himself as ex-
tremely pleased with the work Of the
men.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-21
LAFAYETTE LOSES BENFER.
mt tlouuh, ENrtcr Quarterback,
Arrives To Try for Team,

EASroN, IA. S.n'. 2o.-Thc possibility
OF having Benz. he Albright star, with
the Lafayette ...u. This year has passed.
lie hats returned To his alma mater. lie
VIII take his postgraduate work there.
lie sealed this decision by playing
against the Indians on Saturday and
hua! word to his effect was received at
Lafayette to-day. However. the local
squad received another addition to-day
IN Cough. the brilliant quarterback Of
the Exeter team, who entered college
This morning and reported for the prtc-
tiCe this afternoon. ClOugh makes the
fourth member of the Exeter team OF
last yoar To- enter I1' .yctto. He is very
fast aud knows the game like "A book.
The first s"r.mmnpo of the season was
held on March Field THIS afternoon. For
twenty minutes the teams were driven
through heavy practice and then re-
sorted TO the lighter forms OF drill, punt
ing, signals and phantom work. The
condition OF the men was proved by the
splendid way in which they heid up
under the trst severe strain.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-21
CORNELL TRIES NEW LINEUP.
Last Years Regulars Augmented
by Freshmen Recruits.

ITHACA. Sept. 20.-Tvo hours Of
s'r.mm1ge WAS Cornell's football pro-
rrinme to-day. The first n second
ana the fourth We're hustled through a
series Of short skirmishes. What looks
Ike a varsity team for the opening
games at least worked out to-day un-
de- Capt. Barrett.
shelton. last years regular. was at
Left end. AMI Eykley and Rycrson at
rEht. I.yklcy WAS a varsity sub "A year
ago. RNvrsun is a new man. Jameson,
last years sub. played at left tackle.
While Glilies, a freshman team recruit.
played e right. Anderson. guard on
last years varsity, plan ed left guard.
Cool, IN" varsity centre, was used 10
put punch into the fourth team. Carey.
playing tho position on the varsity. Bar
re'' was al quarter, Collins at left half.
ShiNcrick OF last years freshman team
1t right hllf and Mueller, a sub last
year PLAYED full.
ki'.uclt, the powerful sub fullback
~ last years varsity, has reported for
practice.