davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-12-12

Carolina Robert Treat Paine of Massa :
chusetts, John Penn of North Carolina,
George Read of Delaware. James smith
of Pennsylvania. Richard Stockton of
New Jersey. George Walton of Georgia
and James Wilson of Pennsylvania.
Eight of the signers were of foreign
birth, three having been born in Ire
land two in Scotland, two in England
and one in Wales. The Irish born
signers were Matthew Thornton of New
Hampshire, George Taylor of PennSyl-
vania and James Smith of Pennsyl-
vania The Scotch born were James
Wilson of Pennsylvania and John With
erspoon of New Jersey. The English
born signers We're Button Gwinnett of
Georgia and Robert Norris of Pennsyl-
vania. The Welsh born signer was
Francis Lewis of New York
The Oldest of the signers was Ben
jamin Franklin, who was born in 1905:
but James Smith. born in 111o; Francis
Lewis. 1T13; Matthew Thornton, 1I14,
and Philip Livingston, 17l6, We're along
in years.
The young men among the sieners
We're Thomas Lynch of South Carolina
and Edward Rutledge of South Caro-
lima. They were both born in 1749,
Lynch in August and Rutledge in No
vember. Each was but twenty-seven
years old. Other young men were
Thomas Haywood of South Carolina,
born in 1746; Benjamin Rush, born in
1145; Elbridge Gerry, born IN 1I4i;
Thomas Jefferson. born in 1743; Ar
thur Middleton of South Carolina. born
in 1743, Samuel Chase of Maryland,
born in 1741. and Benjamin Harrison
of Virginia, born III 1I4O. Each mem
Der from South Carolina was young
man-Lynch, Rutledge, Haywood and
Middleton.
The signers who lived to the greatest
age were James Smith of Pennsylva-
MIA. the Irish-born signer. who died
July II, 1906, at the age of ninetysix
years, and Charles Carroll, who died
November IA, 1882, also at the age of
ninety-six years. William Ellery died
in 1920 at the age of ninety-three,
John Adams died in 1926 at the age of
ninety-one, and James Lewis, the
Welsh-born signer, died in 1903 at the
lived to be eighty years old were Sam
uel Adams. eighty-one; William Floyd,
eighty-seven; Benjamin Franklin, eish-
ty-five. Thomas Jefferson. eighty
three; Thomas Mexican, eighty four;
Robert Treat Paine, eighty-four; Mat
they Thornton. eighty-nine; William
Williams. eighty-one, and George
Wythe, eighty.
diving in 1926, were, excepting Charles
Carroll of Maryland. the last survivors
of the signers, and 1t is one of the
curiosities of history that both died on
the same day-July 4 of that year.
Charles Carroll survived until 1882 and
was the last of the signers.
The signers who did not live to see
the independence of the United States
won by arms and acknowledged by
England were Button Gwinnett, who
died in 1777; Joseph Hewes. died 1873;
Philip Livingston, died 177s; Thomas
Lynch, 1879; John Horton. 1777: George
Ross, 1873; Richard Stockton, 1881, and
George Taylor, 1881.
The signer to die at the earliest age
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-12-12
ONE OF THE NEW AMERICAN HOBBYHoRSEs.

the new native generation the most
novel il the wooden doll. Needless TO
say 1t is absolutely unbeatable. Yet
the materials from which it is made
are so carefully chosen that il is light
enough for the tiniest embryonic
mother to handle.
Some of these wooden dolls are eN
tremely cheap. They are plain, solid
affairs with eyes about as expression
less as pancakes others are elaborate.
Some are hand painted. Still others
these the aristocracy of dolldom-boasL
marvellous compilations. etc, as a re-
suit OF intricate inlay work.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-12-12
Queens Best.

A n author. discussing the Balkan in
EA trigues, said the other day:
Its those kings, Constantine and the
two Ferdinands, that are the cause of
all the trouble. Kings are a great
nuisance. It's time they were done
away with"
The author shook his head.
England got on best in Victoria's
time" he said Queens, as rule. are
better for u country than kings. Do
YOU know why? Well, I'll tell you.
It's because when a queen is on the
throne the country is governed by
men, and when king is in power the
country is governed by women"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-12-12

single instance, the motive power of
the German toys. which is arranged
much like the handspring of watch
and is wound by key, was supplanted
by the reversible friction device.
which makes the crawling bug, the
tumbling clown and the waddling duck
practically unbreakable. The child
twisting the key of the German main
spring too far, or the wrong way.
snaps the slender steel and the life of
the toy is ended. With the friction
device he merely rolls the toy back and
forth on the floor few times and then
lets go.
But with all the enterprise they have
shown, the American toymakers will
not be able to duplicate this Christ
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-12-12

Department of Commerce are still try
ing to figure out how many dolls were
shipped in on this consignment.
Russia. which at the present time has
a larger surplus population available
for toymaking than all the other war
ring nations of Europe combined. has
failed to take advantage of "a Christ
mas opportunity if the statistics COM
piled in Washington are correct Her
exports in dolls for 1915 were consid
erably less than those of stricken Bel
GUM.
Denmark showed an astonishing
burst of enterprise when the war broke
out During the latter half of 1914 she
exported dolls and other toys valued at
SAILS, while in 1915 she has thus far eX-
ported toys totaling 1923 in value. These
figures seem small until one learns
that prior to the war the Danes had
not exported a single dollars worth Of
Christmas gifts to this country.
The monetary increase in Asatic dolls
and other toys seems small when com
pared with the millions in which the
Germans measured their output. In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-12-12
Curious Facts About Sigm@rs of Declaration.

was Thomas Lynch, who died at the
age of thirty years. Arthur Middleton
passed away when only forty-four.
Button Gwinuett died at the age OF
forty-five, and Thomas Stone died at
the same age. Joseph Hewes was
forty-nine when he died. William
Hooper was forty-nine. John Penn died
at the age of forty-eig ht, and George
Ross died at the age of forty-nine.
1t is another strange thing among
the signers that the youngest, Thomas
Lynch, jr, died at the earliest age.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-12-12

over to yes" or to no" as the case
may be. Otherwise it moves from let
ter to letter and spells it's reply.
After all, however, Christmas giving
probably was first inaugurated for the
benefit of the feminine gender. There
fore the greatest of all yuletide gifts
is the doll. and in this field the made
in-America" advocates shine more
prominently than in any other. The
unbreakable doll. the character doll,
the talking doll and the old fashioned
jontless rag doll all of foreign extrac-
ton heretofore. are this year the star
spangled daughters of Uncle Sam. OF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-12-12

mas the fine detail racteristic of
the German toy.
you can't change temperament in one
year." is the explanation generally
made by manufacturers. when Ameri-
can toymakers realize the bigness of
their work, and only then, may we ex
pect the painstaking care which is
necessary to the perfect plaything.
Ironically enough, war, which cost
Germany her world trade in toys, sup
piled the Yankee toymaker with ideas
undreamed of by the Flooding toilers
In the land of the Krupps. one of these
is a miniature Observation-Disclosures
siege gun, so constructed that when
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-12-12

combined he will get 20 per cent more,
which leaves a grand balance of so per
cent that will be homemade.
One of the reasons for this is the or
der in council issued by England
March / ) last, which tied up about $50,
900. 900 worth OF German toys in Rot
terdam; toys made previous TO and
during the early days Of the war. and
whose shipment was blocked by the
British as a partial retaliation for Ger
Inany's submarine policy.
That order IN council" struck terror
10 the hearts Of several million parents
throughout America and also sent shiv-
ers of fear along the spines Of this ma
tons toy dealers. Diplomatic wires
were pulled hard and furiously. The
ca bies hummed with entreaties sent
in the name OF childhood.
These pleas had their effect to Ger
tain degree. England agreed to let
toy ships go through the blockade, pro-
vlded they carried nothing but toys
and provided further that the Amert-
can consignee could prove that he had
not only ordered but paid for his toys
before the order in council" was is
sued. Meeting this condition has proved
an exceedingly difficult proposition
There has been a vast deal OF red tape
about IT. As result less than 3 per
cent or the $4,000, 900 worth Of toys
blockaded in Rotterdam have been
brought over. More may come within
the next few days, bur il is generally
admitted that considera bly, more than
$4,000. 900 worth VIII have TO walt un-
I'll next Christmas or until the war is
over
The result Of this. say the toy ex-
perts. Will be a snail profit for Ameri-
can buyers OF German toys. This Is
only the first made in America
Christmas. Experts. private and gov
ornamental, declare it has come to stay.
The reason Is value-value intrinsic
and value financial A comprehensive
summing up of the relative value of
imported and made in America" toys
was furnished recently by one of the
most prominent buyers In America,
whose annual budget runs into the
hundreds OF thousands Of dollars The
competition which he seemed to re-
gard as most dangerous right now IS
that offered by the painstaking. under
paid Japanese.
That the United States, from now on,
will be able to hold the advantage
gained through Europe's calamity he
has no doubt-indeed, he believes that
America will extend her trade to the
southern countries of the western hem
isphere and may even invade Europe in
certain restricted fields.
ToynaklnS Is brand-new industry
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-12-12

H1HE proposal that there be erected
II at Washington a memorial to the
signers of the Declaration of In
dependence makes especially interest
ing some little known facts concerning
that patriotic body of men.
There were fifty-six signers. and
among them were lawyers. merchants,
physicians, farmers, soldiers, shoe
maker, sailor, minister, printer
and surveyor, and two signers whose
occupation was set down at the time
as statesmen" The statesmen were
Thomas Nelson, jr., of Virginia ana
William Williams of Connecticut.
The shoemaker was Roger sherman
of Connecticut, the printer was Ben
iamin Franklin of Pennsylvania, the
surveyor was John Morton of Penn
sylyania. the sailor was William Whip
pie of Connecticut, and the minister
was John Witherspoon of New Jersey.
a statue of whom stands on Connect
cut avenue.
Among the signers the physicians
were Josiah Bartlett of New Hamp-
shire, Lyman Hall of Georgia, BenJa-
min Rush of Pennsylvania, Matthew
Thornton of New Hampshire and ON
yer Wolcott of Connecticut.
of varied occupations, embracing
physician, "a sailor, shoemaker anu d
''statesman." 1t also contained law
yer, Samuel Huntington.
The farmers among the signers were
Carter Braxton of Virginia, William
Flovd of New York, Benjamin Harri-
son of Virginia, John Hart of New Jer-
nf Island.
Francis Lightfoot Lee of Virginia and
Lewis Morris of New York. carter
Braxton of Virginia recorded his occu-
nation as that of planter" but Ben
jamin Harrison, also of Virginia. and
a planter and grower of Importance in
the James river country. described HIM
self farmer.
The Maryland delegates were all law
yers-Charles Carroll, Samuel Chase,
William Paca and Thomas Stone Inc
Virginia delegation was so1neWh al
mixed. Braxton being a planter. har
rison a farmer. Thomas Jefferson a
lawyer, Richard Henry Lee a soldier,
Francis Lightfoot Lee farmer, Thom,
Nelson, jr., statesman, ana
George Wythe a lawyer.
Among the signers were several lner
chants, they being Samuel Adams OF
Massa chusetts Bay. George Clymer OF
Pennsylvania. Elbridge Gerry of Mas
gia. John Hancock of Massachusetts,,
Francis Lewis of New York, Philip
Livingston of New York and Robert
Morris of Pennsylvania.
One of the repre- sentativeS from Della
ware, Caesar Rodney, gave his occupa-
tion as that of general
All the signers not already named
were lawyers, and they were Abraham
Clark of New Jersey, William Ellery of
Rhode Island, Joseph Hewes of North
Carolina. Thomas Haywood. jr, of
South Carolina. William Hooper of
North Carolina, Francis Hopkinson of
New Jersey, Thomas Lynch. jr-. of
South Carolina. Thomas Mexican Of
Delaware, Arthur Middleton of South
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-12-12
To Have the First R1aGle-in-AmericaC Christina

EUROPEAN War Results Great Awakening of American Manufacturers
l. DISCONTINUED Children d States Had Supplied With Their
Pgs BoomedBeer independence
Chinese Enter $0NNOO Worth Of Toys
of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-12-12
AvIAPHoNE
n.


senators of other coastal states have
expressed an interest in it, and il is
hoped that spontaneous action BY
strong representative organizations In
our great coastal and lake communities
may make it only a matter of months
until the more important sections of
the system Will be in commission
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-12-12

value of aircraft. and every movement
looking to their larger utilization
meets with the cordial sympathy of the
navy administration.
JOSEPHUS DANIELS
The proposition has already en-
listed the approval of newspa pers;
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-12-12

German. French or English toymakers
which was not thoroughly understood
by the foremen of the toy factories.
The competent American workman
was inclined to regard toymaking as
unworthy of his ability, as a make
shift which was to tide him over until
he could find something better" To
neutralize this belief it was necessary
for American capitalists to import from
Europe men of national fame, who were
to guide this nations youngest infant
industry" The careful, painstaking.
Flooding labor necessary to the manu-
facture of miniature boats and pygmy
automobiles had to be driven CAS-
one manufacturer has expressed it,
through the skulls of the workmen"
While the corps of potential toy
makers was being whipped into shape
the ingenuity of inventors had already
brought about improvements In some
of the standard German toys. To use
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-12-12


much confidence in native ability In
the toy line The pioneers in the new
industry had to fight their way to an
opening.
We'll, they fought, and won out.
There isn't a toy factory in the coun-
try today, hardly. that isn't working
overtime. Not only that. but they are
advertising in papers all over the coun-
try, 365 days in the year. for more
help.
Three years ago more than three
quarters of all the toys We sold came
from Germany This year the vast
bulk viii have been made right here
in the t. S A. And barring the Ger
man viewpoint; OF course, it's a cork
ing good thing All around"
ANY toy display, II one examines II
closely enough is the explanation of
,ra ~, a+,,en,a,, A. arst ,,I,,ca tla
atlSits may seem very niue inherent
from those one has been buying for
Riddles right along Al second glance
80 ,,.s. 80 ia,,,t CO.,, ,,,,i..
~" go - 80 : 49, az
ROod as thcy might be-especldIly II
you're looking at the mechanical kind.
pm dop,, SION, Tatxe j., ,bird olance
-, -,
~ ~ tHtn YOU shio" ~ Soui 1859
e4G'.h ana deGide that PEI maps they r.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-12-12

:: :: +: ~: 8: Co.: :::::: #; : !:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-12-12
Disc0v@r@r of North Pole Advocates
Aerial Coast Patrol System

CONTINUED from Third PageD
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-12-29
Or. Wr1. COLBY RUCkERA

He's assistant surgeon general {
the United States and he's sounded
warning to the nation to quit hssin
while the grip epidemic exists.
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-12-29
EARLY LOOP FIRE DESTROYS
SEVEN-STORY BUILDING

A 100000 fire destroyed seven
story building at 121-125 N. Wabash
av., early this morning and filed the
loop with acrid smoke.
For time the blaze was beyond
control and threatened other struc-
lures, but 200 firemen, working in re-
lays, prevented it from spreading. A
shoe store and a florist occupy the
first floor and the fire is believed to
have started in the second floor, in
the kitchen of the Ontray Lunch club.
The fire boat Graeme Stewart aid
ed the twenty engines on the scene
by supplying water for three leads of
hose.
The tons of water poured into the
burning structure has frozen and it
will be days before the wreckage is
cleared,
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-12-29

is his housekeeper. Discharged by:
judge.
Mrs. Frances Lille, Miss Ellen
Gates Starr and other clubwomen
who did picket duty with striikSg
garment workers testifying before
grand jury about sluggings.
Armenia Onesti, 10, who married
14-year-old girl, to air marital trou-
bles in court. Tried to get his wife
and says father-in-law shot at him.
Anthony Pasch, 842 Cambridge
aV., arrested when he drove wife and
children from home in night clothes.
Police took up collection for them.
Annie Sandusky tried to jump into
lake with 5-months'-o baby.
Brought here from Kansas City by
Jesse Murdoch and deserted
Lieut.. Jas. Larkin, detective bu-
reau, took squad of men and went
out and pinched five men. Carrying
false keys and lock picks.
Mystery surrounding shooting of
Rose Huber, Office girl for DR.. Jas.
Roach, still unsolved.
Evanston city hall employees stirred
over rumor of appointment of negro
to job.
Lincoln park zoo cost $4,000 to
feed last year.
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-12-29
CITY MAY LOSE $4,000 BY
STREET CAR STRIKE

Chicago gets 55 per cent of all the
profits of the Chicago Railways Co.
and because the company refused to
arbitrate and let their carmen go on
strike last summer the city stands to
lose $540,000. It is estimated that
the amount to be turned over to the
city comptroller this year will be only
$2,O17,985. The payoff is in April.
Traction experts have valued the
property of the traction company as
being worth under 100000. They
get back approximately $4,000, 900 on
their investment; a pretty fair divi-
dend. But they want more.
The company doesn't know just
how much money they did lose when
the cars stopped running for three
days, but they estimate a large
amount. They also claim that the
raises granted the men will amount
to $1,O00,0OQ Az
The Daytona daily news. [volume] (Daytona, Fla.) 1903-1926, 1915-02-22

Aside from Mrs. Swope's regular
visits to the Wendell offices the only
excursion of the strange quartet in
to the light Of day are their spring
trips to their country place at Irving
ton on the Hudson, and their fall
trips back to New York. The Irving
ton estate is even more sequestered
than the Fifth avenue dwelling.
There is a high surrounding wall
Scarcely a ncighbor remembers ever
seeing one of the sisters faces. ex-
cept when they arrive for the hot
season and when they leave.
Their sole vehicle at lrvington IS
a two seated family carry-all, OF II
type popular in the seventies. 1t APP
parently dates from that period. A
dealer who has delivered milk and
groceries to the house every summer
for ten years says he never has seen
any of the sisters
Mrs. Sw0pe's husband Is past 80.
They have no children. There were
seven members in this generation OF
the Wendal family and only these
four sisters remain. Where will the
The Daytona daily news. [volume] (Daytona, Fla.) 1903-1926, 1915-02-22
WEALTHY WENDELS
LEAD STRANGE LIVES
FOUR SISTERS WORTH s6o,ooo,ooo
sHUN OTHER PEOPLE, Al
THOUGH RESIDING IN HEART
OF NEW YORK.
OF NEW YORK.

NEW YORK. Feb. % New York
is never tired of discussing tn"
mystery of the Wrndcls. NO one
has ever suggested an even probable
explanation of the strangest family
in America.
The four Wendell sisters hav"
$G0,0oO, 900.
Three unmarried sisters live on
Fifth avenue in an antique $4,000
house on a lot assessed at $l,S9Iooo,
The fourth marriedl lives on Central
Park West
The four sisters have been enor-
mously wealthy from birth.
They have never ridden in an auto
| They have never been on yacht.
They have never attended thea
! ter.
They have not been in a churc''
for twenty years.
They never wear any article OF
4 jewelry
They have never used telephone
They have never used an elevator
They never give social entertain
meut or receive callers.
So far as known, they have never
given money to charity.
Like little grey mice in an abandon
ed church. the three Wendell sisters
fit about their strikinFly ugly o't
house Just opposite the Union League
club \ great department store ma
reared itself across the street on on
side \ tall Office building oyerlook'
another side. The magnificent ne"
New York public library in one bIocl
away. Their home lies midway bet
tween the imposing Grand Centra
and Pennsylvania terminals. Inc
subway half circles them, being on
block away on the east. They .dwe'
The Daytona daily news. [volume] (Daytona, Fla.) 1903-1926, 1915-02-22

in what has just become the heart
OF the fashionable shopping section
Before their doors streams the most
magnificent procession of private
vehicles to be seen anywhere in the
Western Hemisphere. if not in the
world. What is behind these doors?
Now and then an old employe OF
the great Wendell estate, second IN
wealth only to the holdings of the
Astors, passes into the hall, the
floor of which shows bare tiles in
geometrical patterns without cover
ing The hall is reached by three
sets of doors. In the rear of the hall
is a great wooden stairway, and from
the massive baustrade a ponderous
iron gas jet gives n faint gllmmer OF
light. The Wendels do not use cleo
tricity. Don't they approve OF it!
Nobody knows.
From the hall open the library, par
lor and dining room, all kept exactly
as they were when the builder of the
house. John Wendell, died in 1883.
The floor, of colored tiles, is scarce
" relieved of its baroness by the
small rug under the great mahogany
table in the center of the room. The
furniture is all old and massive.
Every picture on the wall. as through
out the house, is covered with white
muslin winter and summer. What is
on the floors above, the writer can
| not tell
| Although the building Is four stories
and a half high, there is no elevator
or dumbwaiter Two middle aged
maids wait on the three strange sis
tiers All the sisters are clad in the
same way. They wear black dresses,
cut in the style Of two generations
back. They make their own clothes
and wear them until slightly shiny
Their gray hair is drawn tightly back
from their foreheads.
On two sides of their house the
Wendell sisters have a yard, encom
passed by high wall. This yard Is
worth about million dollars. The
sisters take exercise here, but only
in the evening. when no one can look
down upon them from the high build
ings nearby.
The life of of the fourth sister
Mrs. Luther a. Swope. is almost
replica oil her sisters. But sine dues
venture twice week to the littls
old fashioned Wendell Office at IL.
Broadway, bare Of telephone OF
modern office fixture, where the Wen
del estate centers its business. She
is slender, square-shoulderet
woman, who dresses in the styles o
1880 like her sisters. But she is no
quite so shrinking as they: she ha
tie firm Jaw of her brother, John O
Werdel, who died last December a
Santa MoriCa, Cal, and to her tn
three maiden sisters turn over tn
possibilities of the s6O,0OO,O0O.
The Daytona daily news. [volume] (Daytona, Fla.) 1903-1926, 1915-02-22
Metal Railroad Ties.

The scarcity of wood for general
purposes and the increasing cost of
wooden railway ties in Europe has en-
couraged the manufacture and general
railways on the continent About
seventy per cent Of the ties in use on
the federal railroads of Switzerland
are metal.