davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Alaska daily empire., 1915-01-01

The Alaska Juneau Gold Mining
Company's claims comprise about 1000
acres of land located on the wide
vein locally known as the Juneau
Gold Belt" Many of these claims in
the group were the first locations made
in the district. The early placer work
following the discoveries of Richard
Harris and Joe Juneau led to the dis
covery of gold-bearing quartz veins
and many crude operations were
started on the rich portion of the
outcrop and on rich float. Much eff
fort was expended by the early pros
pectors in futile effort to fine vein
or lode of sufficient persistency to
justify underground mining operation
but these efforts failed on account of
the peculiar character of the deposit.
There was, however, in the aggregate.
great deal of money won by the early
operators as a result of their efforts.
1t became apparent after some time
that the character of the deposits were
such that they could not be handled
by men of limited means and it was
not urt'l the early operation on the
claims now included in the Elmer
group as well as on those of the Alas
ka Juneau group had proven the area
and value of the vein that it sbecs.:SsS:..
evident. that G!Nrtr mining oseratior'
could only be made successful when
the ores were considered low grade
and handled accordingly. The first
work done by the Alaska Juneau Com
pany began in about 1898 when a 5
stamp mill was erected to crush Sc
lected ore mined from the outcrop.
The results obtained from this mill
justified the owners in constructing
a 80 stamp mill in 1895. This 80
stamp mill together with the 5
stamp mill were operated only during
the flood water season, work usually
beginning in May or June and ex-
tending through to October or Novem-
Der. Up to and including. the season
of 1911 the 35 stamps crushed about
100000 tons of ore. During the sea-
son of 1912 the mill was used for ex-
detrimental purposes, and in the sea-
son of 1913 was not operated. The
ore crushed during this period was
mined from open cuts located on the
outcrops, and during the early oper-
atoms a selection. was made, the rich
er portions only going to the mill,
and the lower grade portion going to
the waste dump; later on the entire
mass was milled. The result obtained
from all this work yielded vast
fund of information in regard to the
character of the deposit and as to
its possibilities. In 1899 Archie Niv-
ems, the then superintendent, appre-
The Alaska daily empire., 1915-01-01
lHE STORY OF the discovery anu
development of the Treadwell

TINE STORY of the discovery and
development of the Treadwell
group is filled with romance.
The man who found the famous lode
was Pierre Erussard, French Can
adian, known to his friends and &C
uuaintances as French Pete. He was
a prospectOr and lived on the beach,
not far from the early-day Indian set
Element in Juneau. In November,
1880, Erussard landed on the beach
of Douglas Island, with several In
dams, one Of whom was his wife's
brother. An out-crop of gold-bearing
quartz on the hillside, about a quar-
ter of a mile from shore convinced
him that he was on the paystreak and
he staked two claims, the Paris and
the Bears Nest. The original dis
covery was made near Paris Creek,
a stream long since obliterated, that
lormerly ran down the slope now
d, eply SCARED by the big excavation
known as the Glory Hole. The creek
exposed the outcrop of white quartz.
Erussard shoveled the disinte grated
The Alaska daily empire., 1915-01-01

quartz of the outcrop into his slulce
boxes and shortly afterward he hand
drilled a shallow tunnel to cut the
vein a few feet below the moscow
cred surface. This was the first min
ing on Douglas Island.
The Paris claim, which vanished Ia
ter. when the Glory Hole swallowed
it up, was not a success as Erussaru
mined it and two years later the claim
was transferred to John Treadweil.
Treadwell had been sent to the Ju-
neau Gold Belt by Col. John ID. fly
a San Francisco banker, to examine
a prospect in this district He dis
covered that the prospect. which was
located in Silver Bow Basin, not Tar
from the present Elmer mine, had
been extensively mined. and he maae
ready 70 return to San Francisco
with a report of his findings 1t was
while he was waiting for steamer
that he met Erussard. who had III
tie store in juneau. French fete
needed cash to pay freight DILL
he wanted $500 and was willing 10
accept that sum for an interest,"
his Paris lode. Treadwell took
chance" gave Erussard $500 out Oh
the money Colonel Fry had gwen
him. and Immediately went to DOUG
las to see what he had bought. Treao-
well liked the looks Of the showing
on the Paris claim and bonded tne
claim for $4,000. After prospectus
for the rest of the year, Treadweii
returned to Juneau and stayed at
Erussard's house. He told his part
ner that the Paris ore was too los
grade and suggested that II Pierre
would deed him the claim. for q CON
The Alaska daily empire., 1915-01-01
DEVELOPMENT OF TIE sd Alaska KAY gyNE ; =

W W iShiShI ~. JAMEOoN.D w
ciating the value of the property. To-
Gated a group of claims on the west
end of the vein, having in view a
broader scope of operation requiring
an outlet from Jualpa Basin. In 1902
Joseph Macdonald superintendent of
the Treadwell group, conceived the
plan of driving tunnel from Gastin.
eau Channel, and drove the tunnel
for some distance 1t was realized at
that time that tailings from operations
conducted on large scale could only
be satisfactorily disposed of by locat-
ing the milling plant on the shore
of the channel. During the few years
Immediately following the starting of
this tunnel no actual work was done
toward completing any program for
the proposed future operation on q
large scale, but all effort was confin-
ed to exploration work in Silver Bow
Basin. Several tunnels were driven
at different points across the ore
bearing formation and much expert
menta' milling work was done in or
der 10 demonstrate the value of the
ground SO exposed. Although this
work all confirmed the results OBJ
Lined by milling ore from the open
It's, the Alaska Juneau Company did
,hyt feel prepared to drive either the
roaalpa tunnel or the Gastineau Chan
mel tunnel, for such a venture was
highly speculative on account of the
unknown character of the vein at
greater depth.
However, in 1910. F. W. Bradley
having become convinced that there
was sufficient evidence to warrant
confidence in he lower levels, worked
out the details for mining and mill
ing on large srale, and entered in
to a contract with the Alaska Juneau
Company, binding himself to drive a
6000-foot tunnel from Gold Creek to
a point vertically beneath the sur
face workings. This contract also
stipulated that Mr.. Bradley was, pro-
vided the ore encountered was of
satisfactory width and value, to con-
struct a mill on the shore of Gas
tineau Channel and connect this mill
with the mine by a suitable tram
way properly equipped. In fulfilling
this work, according to contract
schedule, Mr.. Bradley associated
with him in his venture such men as
Ogden Mills, ]. H. Mackenzie, M. L.
Requa and w. H. Croker. The out
come of the development work done
under the contract not only fully con-
firmed Mr.. Bradley's confidence in the
property, but it also demonstrated
that work could be conducted on a
larger scale than was originally con-
templated. Suitable arrangements
The Alaska daily empire., 1915-01-01

sideration of $500, he would try to
sell the mine in San Francisco. The
deal was made. Treadwell went to
California, returned on May II, 1882,
with a 5-stamp mill which he erect
ed on the Paris claim. Erussard had
relinquished his interest in the claim
for s5O5, the ownership going to Col
onel Fry, James Freedom, an asso-
ciate of Fry's, and John Treadwell.
Later Darious Ogden Mills bought
Freeborn's holding, and soon after
ward the Alaska Mill C Mining Com
pany was formed and the Treadwell
mine made its start. The majority
interest was purchased in 1890 by
English capital, on the advice of Ham
ilton Smith, the first consulting en-
gineer of the Alaska Treadwell Com
pany He was followed successive
ly by HI. C. Perkins, Thomas Martin,
and Frederic w. Bradley.
Today the Treadwell mills are
crushing 1890 tons of rock daily.
About 1900 men are employed, and
the payroll is s135,OOO for month.
Mining is carried on under the shrink
age system, with ore-filled slopes, and
it is estimated that at the present
time there is ore enough blocked out
for six years milling. The ore is
hoisted out of the mine in skips, is
crushed at the shaft house in gyra-
tory crushers and is trammed to the
various mills. After the rock is pull
verified by the stamps the pulp is
run over amalgamation tables ami
about one-half of the values is there
saved in the form of amalgam. The
pulp is concentrated on vanners and
the concentrates are then taken to
the cyanide plant, the tailings run
ming to waste. After the cyaniding
process the refining room casts the
gold into bricks, which are sent to
the United States mint for coinage
Frederic w. Bradley of San Fran.
cisco is president of the Alaska
Treadwell corporations, having sue
ceeded the late H. H. Taylor three
years ago. The mines are under the
superintendency of Philip R. Bradley,
brother of the president. Russell G.
Wayland is assistant superintendent.
(The following article on the
TreadweIl mines was furnished
by Russell G. WayIand, assistant
superintendent
The Treadwell group of mines is
situated on the noreast side of Douglas
Island about two and one-half miles
southeast of the city of Juneau, which
is located on the mainland across
Gastineau Channel.
The group consists of four mines,
The Alaska daily empire., 1915-01-01

these chutes the ore as it is broken
is drawn, and trammed to the shaft
When the slopes have been cut out,
back-stopng begins, i. e., holes are
drilled into The back of the stope and
the ore blasted down. The broken ore
is kept at an elevation of about seven
feet below the back as the stope pro-
crosses through to the level above.
After the Slope is finished the broken
ore is drawn and the pillars allowed
to cave. II is often possible to re-
cover a high percentage of this caved
ore.
The ore is trammed to the chutes
from pockets at the shafts in two-ton
cars which may be hauled by horses,
storage battery locomotives, gasoline
locomotives or stationary tram en-
gines with endless rope haulage. From
the ore pockets at the various shafts
the ore is drawn into skips and hoist
ed to the surface. The skips are then
dumped automatically, the ore falling
into gyratory crushers and thence to
the various bins, whence it is taken
to the various mills.
The milling plant consists OF five
stamp mills operating a total of $50
stamps at this time with 80 stamps
under construction. The tonnage now
treated is 5000 tons per day. The
treatment is very simple, stamping
amalgamation and concentration on
free vanners The concentrates, which
amount to about 100 tons per day are
treated at the cyanide plant. This
plant also retorts the amalgam from
the mills an1.-rstises- aA bullion. The
treatmen. at this plant is in brief as
follows: regrinding in tube mills in
cyanide solution, agitation in pachuca
tanks to dissolve the gold; filterins
off the pulp; precipitating the gold
from solution by means of zinc dust,
and refining the precipitate to gold
bullion.
The total production to January 1,
1915, was 24,117,633 tons of ore
which yielded $5S,366,9379S or $242
per ton of ore milled. The production
for 1914 was 1,6O2,056 tons, yielding
$3,S42,376.S9 or $2.4O per ton of ore
milled. The number of men en-
ployed is about 1900 and the average
earning is around 500 per man per
month. The community which is sup
ported by this payroll is about 1900
people of whom 1900 reside in Tread
well and 100 in Douglas, which ad-
Joins Treadwell on its northwest end.
The power requirements of the OPP
Grating companies are met from four
sources. The original and CHEAPEST
source is direct water power applied
to impulse wheels at the various
mills and compressors. This water is
collected on Douglas Island Dy a sys.
tenn of dams, canals, bitches and pipe
lines, extending from Fish Creek, IA
miles northwest of Treadwell to
Ready Bullion Creek, 8 miles south.
The Alaska daily empire., 1915-01-01

Mr.. Bradley has been superintend-
ent of the Treadwell and Alaska-Ju-
mean mines for the past year, sue
ceeding Robert A. Kinzie. He is 80
years of age, graduate of the Uni
versity of California with the class
of 1896. He mined in California,
where he had charge of the Spanish
mine, Nevada county, before coming
to Alaska, and made a countrywide
record for the lowest operating cost
per ton. He is a brother Of +. W..
Bradley. president of the various
Treadwell and Alaska-Juneau min
ing companies.
The Alaska daily empire., 1915-01-01

Continued to Page 49,
The Alaska daily empire., 1915-01-01

1.-THE following article on the
TreadweIl mines was furnished
by Russell G. WayIand, assistant
superintendent
The Colorado statesman., 1915-09-04
ENEMY ADVANCE ON PETRoeRAo
Berlin Estimates More Than Million
SIavs Captured Since May 2 in
Galicia Campaign.

London, Sept 1.-The Russian fort
ress of Lutsk has been captured by
Teutonic forces, it was officially an
nounced by the Austrian war office.
Lutsk is located in the province OF
Vol Hynia. about sixty miles east OF
the river Burg on a branch of the main
line railway running from southern
Russia northward to Brest-Litovsk. 1t
is one of the triangle of fortresses
which lie about fifty miles from each
other in this region, the other two
being Dubno and Rovno. 1t has pop
ulation of more than 10000.
So far as official reports have indi-
Gated it is the most easterly point on
Russian territory reached by the leu
tonic troops. Its capture marks the
fall of the tenth fortress within a
month under Austro-German attacks.
"In the fighting since May 2. ,1OO,-
600 have been captured and mini
mum of 100000 wounded or killed"
according to a German report on the
Galicia campaign.
The Colorado statesman., 1915-09-04
Coal Rate Appeal Made by Roads.

beaverton the grounds that coal
rates. fixed by the State Public Util
tiles Commission, are discriminatory
and confiscatory," the Union Pacific
and the Colorado & Southern rail-
roads have appealed to the Supreme
Court to review the findings of the
commission. set them aside and modi-
fy the rates. Attorneys for the roads
say that the actions are test cases and
will be carried to the United States
Supreme Court If necessary. The out
come will determine whether or not
the railroads will appeal from the pas
senger rates and schedules recently
instituted by order of the commission.
The Colorado statesman., 1915-09-04
Bio Gains in Number of Licenses.

Denver Colorado is far more pros
porous this year than last-if the
state is any indication. Up to July 1
of this year 21,73S licenses had been
issued by the Department of State.
During the whole year of 1914 only IT,
1853 licenses were given out, so that
the record for six months of this year
outstrips the half-year record OF 1914
by 3,9S2. The total number of licenses
issued in Denver last year was 5,931.
This year, to date, 7.4a5 licenses have
been issued.
The Colorado statesman., 1915-09-04
TEUTONS YIELD
TO US. DEMAND
QO MORE AMERICANS WILL BE
KILLED IN SUBMARINE WAR;
FARE, is PLEDGE.
PRESIDENT TO END WAR
COUNT Won BERNSToRFF NOW
ADVISES KAISER THAT WILSON
is MAN FOR PEAcEMAKER.

Western Newspaper Union News Service.
Washington, Sept. Germany is
ready to make peace and wants Presi-
dent Wilson to handle her negotia-
lions with the allies.
| This was the startling development
following Germany's complete surren-
der to every demand contained in
the Presidents recent notes calling on
the Kaiser to cease his submarine at
| tacks on merchant ships on which
Americans were travelling.
Count Won Bernstorff came from
New York Tuesday night, and early
Wednesday morning communicated
to Secretary Lansing Germanys prom
Use to accede to the American de-
mands, as contained in President Will
sons notes.
The German reply is a pledge that
no more American lives will be sacri-
feed, and full reparation will be made
for those already killed.
The German note clears the atmos-
phere and averts the severance of
friendly relations.
Following the handing of the note
to Secretary Lansing, Count Won
Bernstorff telegraphed the Kaiser, it
was said, that President Wilson is the
only man who can at present effect
peace.
New German terms are in course OF
preparation and in official circles in
Washington it is believed that the end
of the war is at least in sight and
that Mr. Wilson will serve as the in
termediary.
After his conference at the State
Department Ambassador Won Berns-
torff sent Secretary Lansing this let
ter:
MY Dear Mr.. Secretary:
with reference to our converse
ton of this morning | beg to inform
you that my instructions concerning
our answer to your last Lusitania
note contains the following passage:
LINERS will not be sunk by our
submarines without warning and with
out safety to the lives of the non-com-
batants provided that the liners do
not try to escape or offer resist
ance.'
|
wish to discuss the Lusitania ques
ton till the Arabic incident has been
definitely and satisfactorily settled
/ desire to inform you of the above
because this policy of my government
was decided on before the Arabic in
cident occurred.
81 have no objection to your max
ing any use you may please of the
above information.
Il remain. my dear Mr. Lansing,
Very sincerely yours,
(Signed) 81. BERNSTORFF."
Statement by Lansing.
In connection with the letter Score
tary Lansing made the following
statement:
I'm view of the clearness of the
foregoing statement it seems needless
to make any comment in regard to it
other than to say that it appears to
be a recognition of the fundamental
principle for which we have con-
tended
Count Won Bernstorff's letter was
forwarded to President Wilson as soon
as it was received at the State De-
partment
The Colorado statesman., 1915-09-04

The fiftieth anniversary of the issu-
ance of the Emancipation Proclama-
ton by President Lincoln, which is be-
ing celebrated this year by an expo
sttion in Richmond gives added inter
est, in the opinion of sociologists, eth
biologists and economists, to the sta
tistical study, Negroes in the United
States" recently issued by the census
bureau.
The predominant southern distribu-
ton of the race is emphasized by the
fact that the center of Negro popula-
ton is almost exactly on a north and
south line with the center of total
population of the United States, but
is some four hundred miles south of
the latter point, in the northeast cor
ner of Alabama. Like the general cen
ter of population, the center Of Negro
population is moving steadily west
ward and has traversed about thirty
six miles in the last three decades.
In the half-century since emancipa-
ton, it is indicated, the Negro popu-
lation has much more than doubled,
the increase from 1860 to 1910 being
over 121 per cent. This increase was
with practically no immigration. The
increase in white population with
heavy immigration was over 203 per
cent, yet the ratio of Negro popula-
ton to the whole population has de-
creased only from about 1876 per cent
to about 10.5 per cent. The Negro
population at the close of the Civil
A "a
white population was approximately
27,000,0O0. The respective populations
in 1910 were 9,S28,000 and 81,732, 900.
In two states, the study shows, more
than half the population are Negroes.
These are Mississippi and South Car
DINA. In four other states-Georgia.
Alabama, Florida and Louisiana-the
percentage is over 40. The county
having the highest percentage of Ne
gro population, it was found, is lisa.
quena county, Miss, where the Ne
groes constitute 94.2 per cent of the
total population. In So counties-all
in southern states-the Negro popula-
ton is over rs per cent of the total.
The ethnic statistics show marked
changes in the makeup of the race in
the past so years. When the Eman.
cipation Proclamation was issued mu'
lattoes represented about 10 per cent
of the Negro population. The percen'
tage in 1910 was nearly 81 and is now
probably higher. Sociologically and
economically the changes have been
marked also. Illiteracy, for instance
has decreased in so years from so to
80 per cent, and the proportion Of the
members of the race owning homes
free of incumbrance has increased
cent.
The Colorado statesman., 1915-09-04
WALSH IS CHALLENGED
U. OF c. CHARGE STIRS EXECU-
TIVE OF COLORADO.
Gov. Carlson lmputes Falsehood to
Industrial Chairman on His
Law School Report.
Western Newspaper Union News Service.

Western Newspaper Union News Service.
Denver-An official statement chal-
longing the veracity of the charges
involving the University of Colorado
made in the report of the Federal
Commission on Industrial Relations
was issued by Gov. Carlson.
The report charged among other
things that the capitalistic interests
of this country have acquired control
over many of the educational institu
tons of the United States, and set out
specifically that an instructor of law
In the University of Colorado had
been dropped from the faculty be-
cause he had appeared as counsel for
Colorado coal strike.
The reference in the Federal Com
mission report to the dismissal Of a
member of the State University fac
ulty, according to Gov. Carlson was
to the recent dropping of Prof Jas.
Brewster
This. he declared he would show,
was in no way connected with the
Colorado industrial situation.
Il note with amazement that the
slandering Walsh and his puppets
have NOT snared from calumnv and
false imnutation the good name of
coIorado's State University " saws Gov
Carlson "Walsb,s insatioble euttonv
for cheap publicity has caused him to
utter , baseless and wicked charge
against an institution endeared +o the
entire state and in total disregard of
truth easiIv ascartainable Had he
mada on bonast Investigation bo
would have found that tho charge
had foundation on1y in tho mind ~ n
5tsgruntIed nrofessor who failed of re.
annointmant He was NOT reannointed
hao.usa be bad NO oontract or nrom.
ice for reo,nointrent and &c mort
of n n,an RI reorgan;ze tho law scboo,
facuItv He was annointed to FIJI the
voc.rcv coused nv tho accidental
drowning of prof peasa for tho reet
of tho school torn, ond M 1ongor 7,
,,os tho r;ob+ ~ III hoard ~ raoants
~ Tho ,,rivors;t, 10 continue or cove,
bis official connection with tho mi
vars;ty DC +ba,, sou, FL If bis obi,d
To-, .rd urn,o,f,,I ootior sinoo his
foiI,ro to socuro reonnointment are in
Az. ti,,o ~ bic oond,,ot ,rbi,o r,ar
har ~ tho ur;yarsit,, faculty. tba 70
oen+s Woo amn1v iuctified
..y,,oI,t,. .,a+o,,t 80, ~ ox;,,o,.
| - -,
The Colorado statesman., 1915-09-04
Water Records Ordered Into State.

Denver.-Books, accounts and other
records of the Cripple Creek Water
Company kept outside the state must
be brought to Colorado for investiga-
ton by statisticians and engineers of
the Colorado utilities commission, ac-
cording to an order issued by that
body.
The Colorado statesman., 1915-09-04
Searching for Lillian Brace.

Denver The State Insurance De-
partment is attempting to locate Miss
Lillian Brace, sister of B. Brace, who
died year ago. The object of the
search is to turn over to his sister
$1,000 insurance money which Brace
carried at the time of his death.
The Colorado statesman., 1915-09-04

The toad of Surinam. Dutch Guiana,
is very remarkable in one respect. 1t
first awakes to life while on its moth
er's back. When the eggs are laid the
male takes them in his broad paws
and contrives to place them on the
back of it's mate, where they adhere
by means of glutinous secretion, and
by degrees become imbedded in Sc
ries of curious cells formed for them
in the skin.
The Colorado statesman., 1915-09-04
Thaw Asks Divorce; Names Francis

Pittsburg, Pa.-Harry X. Thaw,
through his attorneys, filed a petition
in the Common Pleas Court asking a
divorce from his wife, Evelyn Nesbit
Thaw, charging misconduct with John
Francis of New York.
The Colorado statesman., 1915-09-04

Bolivia should profit immensely by
the British embargo on tin. In that
South America mountain republic are
tin mines of remarkable richness,
and railroad connection with the Ar
gentine republic has recently been
completed. These same mines were
producing fortunes in silver before the
first Pilgrim landed in New England.