davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12
By JAMES MORGAN.

An island of peace entirelyl sur
rounded by war. the little Alpine Re-
public is the oldest of Americas COM
panions in neutrality and was the first
to challenge the House of Hapsburs.
Why was she spared when Belgium
was sacrificed2 The most democratic
nation in the world and its democratic
army.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12

and equipment and is required to keep uE
his target practice, exhibiting his record
for shooting each year and reportiu6
every fourth year for a few days Of
drilling. The ringing echoes Of incessant
target shooting Saturday afternoons and
Sundays may torment the tourist who Is
travelling for his nerves But they arc
the special Joy of the Swiss. They go to
them as to a social festivity. followed by
their admirins women folk. When tho
shoot is over they wreathe the brow or
hat of the winning marksmen and escort
them back to the woods with songs and
shouts.
| Power and all explosives are a govern
rnent monopoly. and the state manufac.
lures its own munitions. And at a cost
of only 100000 a year all this military
| preparedness is maintained by a frugal
| nation.
Professionalism is reduced to the mini
| mum There are only about 1000 persons.
| including officers. continuously employed
hardly enough to form a military class
| or interest
But the system enabled the republic
speedily to mobilize at the outbreak of
this war nearly 10000 for service in the
field. with another 1000 standing behind
them. arms in hand. The same plan
would give the United States perhaps
6. coo 600 men
What Saved Switzerland.
Happily. Switzerland has been
spared the occasion for matching its
democratic army against the con-
scripts of a standing army But II in
hardly fair to say that its mere pres-
ence on the frontier terrified the war
powers and compelled them to OBJ
serve the neutrality of the republic.
II the German general staff, in
planning the advance of the German
FORCES. had balanced between Belgium
and Switzerland, the superior fortifi-
cations of the Belgians we'll might
have Offset the superior numbers Of
the Swiss army. Moreover. in choos-
ing the route through Belgium, the
Germans were not deferred by the
fact that an invasion of that country
always has brought England to its
defense
Germany simply chose the shortest
ana easiest way to the heart of
france. Behind Belgium there lay a
frontier that the French were not pre-
pared to defend. Behind Switzerland.
on the other hand. stretched a chain
OF French forts that still remains un-
broken The Swiss route really Of
fered no better going for the invader
than Alsace- II France, however, had
been the first to advance. the situa-
tion would have been very different.
ana the temptation to strike Germany
through. Switzerland would have been
far stronger.
The Swiss probably owe their es-
cape neither to their army nor to their
mountain ramparts, but to the STRAIT
egy Of the war. That was the sound
est guarantee of the neutrality Of the
republic.
But II her army was not needed to
save Switzerland IN the FIRST instance.
II is serving her well now in patrol
ing her frontier. May II keen back
the red tide that rolls about her and
preserve her As sanctuary for hu-
manity in the midst of the sav.ca
conflicts that girt her with fre.
Copyright. 1915. by James Morsan.)
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12

and arrogant family in its unfortunat
obsession that it was divinely booted ant
! spurred to ride on the back of mankind
1t is strange that those king-defyinl
Alps should have been the cradle o
kings. There three renowned breeds O
lerns and the Savoyards-mewed thei
youth; but Switzerland invites none o
those birds of prey to hold an old-homs
week in their natal eyre.
When history found them. the Haps
burgs dwelt in northern Switzerland
| where a ruined tower above the River
Aare still marks the site of their hawks
nest. But by robbing widow and a
young girl of their lands. Rudolph OF
Hapsburg was enabled to soar to the
higher Alps that mirror their snowy
peaks in Lake Lucerne and there he es.
tabrshed his family in the business OF
royalty.
Almost invariably the first downward
step to a throne is stealing cattle Most
of the monarchial races of Europe were
only cattle thieves in the beginning. The
Hapsburgs brought on a 800 years war
with the Swiss by stealing a yoke of
oxen. And in the first battle of that long
war they had a CARLOAD of ropes in
readiness to tie up the livestock they
hoped TO seize from the vanquished far
mers.
Anyhow, this is the story as the Swiss
have told it from one generation to an
other. And a skeptic loses half the en-
shores of Lake Lucerne.
Fabled Heroes of Neutrality.
Learned investigators even doubt if
William Tell really refused to bow to
Hapsburg rule. symbolized by the hat
of Gessler. or was subjected to the
cruel ordeal of shooting an apple off
the head of his son. They gravely
question If William ever had a hab-
itation and a name outside the fancy
of poets, and local historians and
guides do not agree upon the scenes
of his patriotic exploits.
One pilgrim. who returned to Tell
land on his honeymoon that he might
share his pleasure with his bride.
was shocked when a very different
place was pointed out as the precise
spot" where the immortal target shoot
took place. Why" he protested,
when l was here before. you show
ed me the precise spot three miles
from here"
True" the guide replied. but now
that your lady is with you. 1 feared
Il might tire her to walk SO far"
The ST. Gothard tunnel is the por-
tai Of Tell-land. and when the train
stops at Altdorf. the traveller is in |
The capital of the ancient canton of
Uri. Altdorf boasts that it was in her
main platz that the tabled hero shot
he apple. And there he and his boy
stand in bronze. with a fountain rip
bling where the father posted the
,outh beneath the lime tree, which |!
las been withered and gone 800 years |
md more.
A little beyond Altdorf. when the
passenger has transferred from the
rain to the boat, he sees a pretty
hapel on the lake shore, where Tell
scaped from Gessler's boat. Still an
ther chapel up on a mountainside
rings the fable to close. for where
stands the unerring bowman sent
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12

manage to get along together in the
council.
No doubt those twin inventions OF
the Swiss democracy, the initiative
| and referendum, have had their influ.
ence in making the public feel less
dependent upon men and parties.
people need not care so much who
make the laws of a nation If they
| may unmake them or substitute other
laws more to their liking.
! However it may be. Switzerland is
doing more than any other country to
vindicate democracy from the suspi-
cion of an inherent inefficiency. For
the Swiss democrats have developed
an efficiency and an economy not
equaled anywhere outside the Ger
man Empire. There is no better rail-
road system than that which the fed
eral government owns and operates.
But the noblest achievement of de-
mocracy in Switzerland is in making a
harmonious nation out of a people di-
vided by mountains. race. speech, and
religion. There is no Swiss race, no
Swiss language. no Swiss church.
Yet there is a Swiss patriotism which
surmounts all barriers. even the Alps.
For the people of Italian Switzerland
must pass through a tunnel miles long
to see their fellow-countrymen and then
they cannot make themselves under
stood by the German Swiss at the op-
posite end.
In nearly two-thirds Of the cantons
the population is almost wholly Teu-
tonic; in five the majority of the people
are French: in one virtually all are
Italians, and another canton is divided
between Germans. Romansch, and Ital-
ians. The doors of the offices and COM
mittee rooms in the Federal capital at
serne are impartially inscribed in Ger
man, French. and Italian. There YOU
have the democratic spirit of the Swiss
1t is the same in the equally delicate
matter of religion. In ten of the can
tons the people mostly worship at the
catholic, and in twelve at the Protestant
altar. But both religions are recognized
and supported by the state. In one can
ton even the Jewish faith receives sup
port. But the state alone controls edu-
cation. the constitution providing that
nonsectarian schools must be maintained
and all pupils. whether in public or pri-
Vate schools, are examined by the state.
Democratic Army.
The Swiss democracy has even sue
ceeded in evolving a democratic army.
which is just now exciting the envy of
other democracies. Surrounded by armed
powers, Switzerland has revived the
ancient military spirit of her people
without catching the infection of milf
tarism.
Service is just as compulsory as in the
German OF. French establishment. hut
there IL no permanent. standing army
Every Swiss at 20 becomes a soldier and
remains soldier until released by axe
But he has to serve only sixty-five days
the nrst year. unless he is in the artil-
cry. or In some other special branch.
where the members serve ninety days.
after that the conscript IL held to
service OF only eleven days until he is q.
ihen ne passes into the reserve. and
here he remains until he 10 70, when he
. transferred to the third line or the
andsturm for the remaining years Of hts
military duty
All the while he has retained his sun
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12

1t chances that most of the neutral
nations in this war were themselves
great war powers in the past-Hol-
Innd. Scandinavia nnd Spain. for ex-
ample.
Mr.. Morgan opens today a abort
series of Uncle Sans fellow-neutrals
with n story of Switzerland and the
neutrality she has struggled to main
tain through many centuries.
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-09-10
BY JANE whitaker

In view of the fact that there will
shortly be asked of the city council
a further appropriation, which OF
course must come out of the pockets
of the taxpayers, few sidelights on
the department of public welfare are
interesting at this time.
The ordinance creating the depart
ment was passed at the end OF the
winter of 1894 when 100000 I'M
employed had clamored- vain
for assistance. The ordinance was
prettily worded. A portion of it de-
clared the department should have
bureau of employment, which
should operate the municipal lodg-
ing house for men and the municipal
lodging house for women, and per-
form such duties in the collection of
information relative to working con-
ditions, wages, hours of labor and
unemployment in the city of Chi
cago, and in the practical relief of
unemployment ETC., but behind this
prettily-worded ordinance was the
fact that the bureau carried some
high-salaried positions and it was the
inner whisper that the bureau was
created to give social workers jobs,
The lobbying that went on by the
most prominent social workers is
again a matter of inner gossip.
Suffice that when Mrs. Leonore q.
Meder was appointed commissioner,
which job carried a salary of $4,000
year, some of the biggest social
workers in the city did not try to
hide their chagrin.
Mrs. Meder believed in the bureau
when it was created. She had
number of ideas that were humane;
she was good publicity agent for
the department, and she was demo-
cratic. She tried one plan after an
other to try to make the department
of some benefit to the city and while
she was too good a publicity agent
- - h. Il, 81
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-09-10


formation in a manner that you could
grasp if you were quick enough.
On one occasion, commenting on
the employment bureau, l protested
that she couldn't create jobs.
"Oh, yes, do" she answered. 1--WE
have managed to get work for 1000
men, but, of course, 1000 were put
out of their jobs to put our men in
The '.woodpile" idea launched by
the present $4,000 a year commits
sloner, Mrs. Louise Osborne Rowe,
was launched by Mrs. Meder, and the
Rock Island railroad donated $4,000
ties, but she abandoned it in a few
days, and ex-Mayor Harrison himself
said that such plan would not be
fair unless the woodpile was adjoin-
ing the municipal lodging house and
the men were expected to give not
more than one hour of labor for their
flop on the floor and bread and black
coffee.
The municipal dances started by
Mrs. Meder were about the most sue
cessful thing the department at
tempted. They paid for themselves
and they gave employment to num-
Der of people in need of the fee they
got as attendants, investigators, ETC.,
and on this basis alone Mrs. Meder
justified their existence.
A resume fthe work done under
Mrs. Meder's administration forced
two conclusions, neither one of which
l think will be contradicted; that the
survey work for which the bureau
was created was completed months
ago and the existence of the bureau
was no longer justified on that basis,
and that it never was any solution
Of the unemployed problem, and the
two appropriations given it which
amounted to SIT, 900 would have been
better employed in direct relief to the
unemployed.
With the change in administration
Evening journal., 1915-03-09
BAPTIST MEN ENTERTAIN
orchestra AT BANQUET

Members OF the Sunday school or
chestra of Second Baptist Church
were delightfully."- entertained at a
banquet last night by members of the
Mems League of the church. As
chairman Of the committee in charge
of the affair James II. Shuster pre-
sided and acted as toastmaster.
Short addresses were made by T. l..
Taylor, superintendent OF the Sunday
school; II. E. Stausebach, director OF
the orchestra; II. II. Carver, musical
director of the school; G. G. Penny,
former superintendent, and the Rev.
Thomas p. Holloway, pastor of the
church.
Following the banquet meeting
of the Mems League of the church
was held during which an interesting
musical program was presented by
the orchestra. This part of the
evenings program was attended by a
large number of the Woman's Mis-
sionary Societies and their friends
and the program presented was ap-
parently. much appreciated by them.
During the meeting an invitation
was extended to the Baptist Brother
hood OF the city 10 meet with them
in April. The following comprised
the committee in charge of the ban
quet: James n. Shuster. Mrs. George
| p Penny, Mrs. NJ. W. Hurley. Mrs. l.
G. Young. and Miss Louise Mathews.
Evening journal., 1915-03-09

Fourth-Alfred d. Peoples. John
A. Clark. B. Frank Mcdaniel, Walter
r. Sillitoe.
Fifth-Frank II. Day, Granville p.
Alexander. John NJ. Truax, Morris A.
Crubb.
Sixth-Lewis NJ Miller, G. Frank
Cole.
Seventh-william M. Bracken,
Spencer ii. Foulk.
Eighth-Edward HollOran, ]. Leslie
Eastburn.
Ninth-William p Wollaston. Her
man r. Tyson.
Tenth,-James J. Lawler, Charles
Megginson.
Bleventh-Ernest Davis, ]. Walter
Davis.
Twelfth-William c. Hickey, Harry
Rose.
Thirteenth-Jacob III. Emerson.
Robert S. Carpenter.
Fourteenth--John r. Lattomus,
Thomas S. Enos.
Fifteenth--John A. Reed, David d.
Stats
This latter panel had been drawn to
report In General Sessions Court on
March To- An additional summons
has been served ON them to appear for
service at the special session Of the
Court of Oyer and Terminer..
Evening journal., 1915-03-09
What DYSPEPTICS
should EAT
A PHYsIcIAN, 5 ADVICE.

indigestion and practically all forms Of
stomach trouble arc, nine times out Of ten,
due 20 acidity; therefore stomach sufferers
should, whenever possible, avoid eating food
that is acid I'm its nature. or which by chem
ical action in tho stomach develops acidity.
Unfortunately. such rule eliminates most
foods which arc pleasant TO the taste as well
as those which arc rich In blood, flesh and
nerve building properties. This is the reason
why dyspcptics and stomach sufferers arc
usually SO thin. cmariatcd and lacking in
that vital energy which can only rorne FROM
we'll fed body For the benefit OF those
sufferers who have been obliged 20 exclude
food, and are trying 10 Keep up miserable
existence on gluten products, / would sug
gest that you should try a meal Of any food
or foods which you may like in moderate
amount, taking Immediately aftcryard a tea
spoonful Of bisuratcd magncsia in q little
hot cold water. This will neutralize any
acid which may be present. or which may
be formed, aud instead OF the usual feeling
Of uneasiness aud fullncss. you will find
Bisurated magnesa is doubtless the best
food corrective aud antacid known. II has no
direct action on the stomach, but by ncu-
, Trailing the ac.dity Of the food contonts, aud
thus removing the source of the acid irrita-
tion which inhames the delicate stomach lin
ing. it docs more than could possibly he done
by any drug or medicine. As physician,
necessary, but ] must admit that cannot see
the sense Of dosing an infamed and irrtated
stomach with drugs instead of getting rid Of
4 tho acid-thc cause Of all tho trouble. Get a
4 little bisurated magnesia from your druggist.
I cat what you want at your next meal, take
some Of the bisurated magnesia as directed
above, and see II m not right.
Evening journal., 1915-03-09
LEGISLATORS HEAR
Good ROADS MEN
Delegation Makes Strong
Plea For a Continuous
State Highway
SOME ALSO FAVOR
NUMEROUS BRANCHES
Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL

Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL
STATE HOUSE, DOVER, Del,
March advocating good roads. a
delegation of more than one hundred
men from New Castle, Kent and Sus-
sex counties crowded the House
chamber this morning when the high
ways committees of Senate and House
gave a hearing on Representative
Halls bill authorizing the State to
issue $3.50, 900 bonds for the construc-
tion OF continuous highway from the
northern TO the southern boundary OF
Delaware. .r
The bill empowers the Governor tl
appoint three State highway commits
sioners, not more than two from the
same political party, TO supervise th'
State highway construction. with powe
to select an expert road engineer an,
assistants. and either TO construct o
award road building contracts. Provis
ion is made that any county shall b.
compensated for improved roads takcl
as part of the State highway. Tha
would mean a substantial sum woul
be refunded to New Castle county.
Representative Hall explained the
bill and voiced the general desire fol
good roads. other speakers includ
ed Benjamin A. Hazel and L. NJ Price
OF Smyrna; Levy Courtman Daniel B
Murray. Of Viola. and William W
Knowles. of Wilmington. Mr.. Muir
ray favored a bond issue Of millior
and a half dollars, so that brancf
roads could be built through the east
ern and western parts of the two low
er counties from Dover. He also ad
vocated that all automobile license
moneys be used for maintaining thu
proposed State highway.
Evening journal., 1915-03-09
Residents
MAY Fish HERE
WITHOUT license
lcontinued from First PAGE

AlOAl IAA'N 06Nf
and Ellis NJ Armstrong, of Cooch's
special auditors of State accounts,
submitted their report. II shows total
receipts of the State in 1914 to be
$S02, ,633, and the balance at the end
of the fiscal year was $30,421, Of
which S14,41S was in the general fund.
Representative Rash's bill to repeal
the Hazel anti-shipping bill was re-
ported favorably in the Senate this
morning.
In the House Senator Gormley's S
bill to make Good Friday legal holi-
day was reported on its merits.
After it had been explained by Re
resentative Webster, his bill to an
propriate $192 to the Mt. Pleasant
School District, No. 2, to cover an in
suficiency in the distribution of State
school funds was passed by the Sen
ate.
The Senate also passed Representa-
tive Hills bill to increase the amount
of the annual appropriation to the Pc
ninsula Horticultural Society from
$500 to 81 900. Senator Newton ex-
planned that the Maryland Legisla'
ture had appropriated $1,000 to th'
society on the condition that Della
ware appropriated like amount.
House and Senate we're flooded will
letters and kilograms advocating pass
I age Of the equal suffrage amendment
A pile of letters also was received
and read in the House advocating th'
merger of the Juvenile Court will
Municipal Court in Wilmington, al
proposed in Senator Hickmans bill.
Evening journal., 1915-03-09
Insurance Cases
placed ON TRIAL
IN Federal court
lContinued From First Pagel

Continued From First Page)
Judge Bradford thought this was not
sufficient to excuse him from service
on the jury.
At the completion of the drawing of
the jury, the other jurors we're dis
charged until Thursday morning.
Ronald Il. Brennan, Frank W. An
thony, Claire Webster Anthony and
Harry A. Woodcock are the defendants
in the first case which was put on
trial.
Mr.. Nields made full statement of
the governments case in addressing
the jury. He said the action was
brought for violating the act Of March
A. 1903, sections 81 and 215, Of the
Penal Code. Section 81, he said, re-
fers to conspiracy, while the other sec
tion relates to postal frauds Ht
/ charged that these defendants had
through use of the mails, issued fire
insurance policies which were worth
less. He declared that the companies
had dummy" incorporators, dummy
directors and dummy" officers.
Mr.. Nields stated that the companies
had gotten out lot of special printing
for their business, and the printer was
made an officer in the company, while
another officer was New York gro
Ger and third officer was a Dove
man. He declared that the licenses
for the companies we're illegally OBJ
tanned and that while the companies
were by law required to have securi
ties to the amount of $4,000, tn
statement they filed was faxed
Evening journal., 1915-03-09
seven Years IN PRISON
FOR men Who TOTE PISTOLS

Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL.
DOVER. Del, March 9-Stirred over
the shooting of Patrolmen Tierney,
Mcdaniel. Sharpless and Scott by
gunmen in Wilmington on Saturday,
Senator Thomas f. Gormley, of Will
mington, yesterday had a bill pre-
pared TO amend the law prohibiting
carrying of concealed deadly weapons
and provide drastic penalties.
The bill was reported favorably as
a substitute for Mr.. Gormley's bill
to create a board of moving picture
censors.
The bill provides for a minimum
Imprisonment OF six months or q
maximum Imprisonment Of seven
years in event of failure to pay a
fine of 500 or upwards, or both fine
and Imprisonment can be imposed.
Evening journal., 1915-03-09
BROTHERHooD OFFICERS.

st. James Brotherhood of Grace
NJ. +. Church has elected the follow
ing officers: President, William E.
Hawkins; vice-president, p Warren
Green; secretary, Howard ID. Jones.
These committees we're named:
John S. Mullin, Jr. ]. Christy Con-
ner. B. G. Strickland. f. w. Heisler,
John B. Carpenter Charles II. Scott.
William Harris. w. c. Murgatroyd,
f. J. Balmond, William l.. Todd,
L. e. Layfield and w. H. Riley.
Religious work Charles
L. Wilson. Edwin Golding. j. B. Broad,
c. M. Albright. chairman; Henry n.
Isaacs, George NJ. d. Cam, A. A. Will
mot. e. p. McKaig, William f.
O'Keefe, n. c. Downward.
Vestibule committee-N. c. Lack
land. chairman; James NJ. Winner, c.
e. Iszard, Roy j. Field. r. G. Wood
bridge. DR.. c. f. Pierce, Frank Latto-
mus, G. Millard Lang.
Evening journal., 1915-03-09
nRAM InRY F0R CAsE.

Jury Commissioners j. Frank Will
liams and S. ID. Townsend drew the
following petit jury yesterday after
noon to report to the Court of Oyer
and Terminer on next Tuesday when
Krakus will be formally charged
with murder:
First district-Albert serson. Jo-
seph T. Ray.
second-walter c. Kerslake, James
p. Jones.
Third-R. Harry Grier, Lewis s.
Fell.
Fourth-John e. Young. Alex. NJ.
Burnett
Fifth--C. Thorpe Martin, William c.
Cannon.
sixth-Joseph H. MARITIME, Joseph
/ G. Orr.
Seventh-Horace l.. Diiworth, Ben
jamin r. Fluharty.
Eighth-Thomas Harkness, Thomas
J. Dempsey.
Ninth-C. w strahorn. John T
Wilson.
Tenth-Lewis r. HushebeclS.
Heventh-Samuel Lomax.
Twelfth-Woodward W. Chears.
hirteenth-Samuel b Bender.
Fourteenth-Pu -Purnell S. Daniels.
Fifteenth-Gilmore Johnson.
In addition 10 the foregoing jury tn
following additional jury will be in AZ
tendance.
First Representative district-Hugl
s. Mitchell. Frank A. Buckmaster
Charles Stevenson. Jr., Lemuel n
Peacock.
Second-Herman Gossen, George
n. Fisher. William H. Linton. Ber.
nard Kleifz.
Third-John +. He'll. Harry G
Haskell, William V. Bond, Francis
J T. collie .~f-~~