The Washington herald., 1915-04-30

not end with the death of kins
= Philip and the determination oil
the hostile tribes. That very year oi
blood and terror 1915, on the contrary
saw an old danger renewed.
Mr.. Edward Randolph arrived out oi
England commissioned to command the
authorities of the colony to send agents
over sea to answer for their assumption
of power over the settlements to the
north. beyond the bounds set by theli
charter, and in despite of the rights oi
those who were the legal proprietors
there II was the beginning of very
serious matter.
At last there was an action OF quo
warranto against her I6S3). and then
a writ issued against her in the Court
of Chancery. and In the end, October
30. 1854. an adverse judgment whlch
declared her charter forfeited and her
government returned to the crown. 1t
was a bitter thing. but there was this
time no escape from enduring it.
The same year, 1854, Virginia re-
turned to her normal government again.
as royal province. and not the prop
erty of Lord Culpeper. BY 1851 the
kipG. tired of him. had withdrawn his
con ission and bought off his rights,
leaving him proprietary tue over
only the Northern Neck" OF Virginia
the great peninsula which ran back to
the mountains between the Potomac
and the Rappahannock rivers: and the
colony was again directly subject to
the crown.
1t was in the bad times of his rule
that a new 'isorder fell upon the col
ony In 1879 and 1850 the crops of to-
hacco were immense; there was more.
eIuCh more, than could he sold, and Its
value fell so much that II was worth
little or nothing to make purchases
with-and yet IL was the colnny's chief
Currcncv The assembly wished to
stop o. limit the planting of tobacco
for a little. by statute: but the King.
through the governor. forbade the re-
striction; and there suddenly broke
forth new sort of rebellion. In 1852
mobs Of excited people swarmed upon
plantation after plantation. destroying
the growing crops Of tobacco, until
what would nave filled 10000 hogshea Dis
had been cut up as it grew. and 200
plantations had heen laid waste within
a single county.
Government ny prorrietors did not
seem to go anywhere very well. Even
Lord Baltimore found Maryland an un-
easy property, and kept II only by con-
summate tact and watchful manage
ment At every change Of political
"
sudden tempest or some covert in
there.
In 1873 Cecilius Lord Baltimore died.
his only son. Charles, succeeding; and
the next year one Davis and one Pate.
taking their cue from Mr.. Bacon in
Virginia. made bold themselves to head
an actual rebellion in arms. But sue
cess in Maryland depended upon sue
cess in Virginia. When Mr.. Ea"on died,
the Maryland insurgents yielded as
promptly as the Virginian: Davis and
Pate went to the gallows; and there
was an end Of that. But there was no
ease in affairs even then. The barons
OF Baltimore had the self-confident
tenants of many a miniature harony to
deal with in their province: and had
occasion to discover very often how
vital commonwealth II was that
surged restless under their government
Newer ..roprietors had not the ad-
vantage of their experience. and were
always slow to see how uncommon
sort of property colony was-and that
the high-spirited men who undertook
to settle in colonies. like EnSlishmen
everywhere must be governed. If gov
erned at all, under a free system which
took note of their real circumstances
and had their assent. Carolina fur
nished an example. There were. in
fact two Carolinas. Since the aban-
donment of the settlements which had
for a little while struggled for per
manent foothold on the Cape Fear
ClG64-l661l. there was nothing but un-
broken wilderness through all the long
reaches Of silent forest which lay he
tween the Alhemarle country and the
settlement at CharIeston-full $50 miles
as the crow flies There could not well
he one government for both these sepa-
rated places, except in name: and II
was difficult to tell which was the
harder to govern.
Proprietary government WAS proving
nuite as difficult. meanwhile. in New
but the monotony Of failure had
been broken there by the sudden re-
entry Of the Dutch upon the scene. Eng
land and France had Joined in war
2 gainst Holland in 1872. and hostile
Dutch fleet presently found its way to
the coasts OF America. 1t first proved
upon the commerce of Virginia and
Maryland in the South. and then, stand
ing to the northward. entered the IA
miliar harbor at New York. and took
possession rs easily as Col. NiColls had
taken possession. nine years before.
From August. 1873. to November. 1914
the Dutch were masters in their old
seats: there was no New York. no New
Jersey: all alike was New Netherland
once more. But it was n mere episode.
a mere passing reminder of the old
days when the Dutch were really
masters there. In 1874 the war ended.
and England regained her provinces
by the treaty of peace (Treaty of
Westminster. February Q, 1870.
The withdrawal of the Dutch. how
ever. did not put the affairs of the
English back at the point at which
they had been broken off by the con-
quest There were new difficulties to
face. Philip Carteret again became
governor in New Jersey, for Sir
George Carteret. the proprietor: and
for little his task seemed easier
than It had been before the Dutch
II