Evening journal., 1915-11-10

from the beginning has been the con-
stitution Of our State Legislatures
The object of the bi-cameral system
so long established. was, as perhaps
! you know, to secure a more careful
consideration OF and deliberation ovel
! legislative acts. and thus prevent a
/ hasty and ill-considered action, which
: a sober second thought might prevent
On the whole, experience of this sys
TEN, though Of English origin. ha.
commended itself to the judgment Of
| foreign as well as English 'speakinf
people. II is to be noted in passing
( that the Continental Congress. as
constituted from 1777 to 1889 under
the Articles of Confederation, was a
one-chamber body.
1T will be observed that the gov
ernmental powers above enumerated
are legislative powers and were con-
ferred by the Constitution upon the
legislative branch, viz. the Congress
OF the United States. They comprise,
Of course. the great body of powers
attached TO the sovereignty of the
United States Government.
"The powers delegated by the con-
stitution to the executive were, gem
orally speaking. to execute the laws
OF the United States, to conduct our
foreign relations by the appointment
of ambassadors and ministers to other
countries. and the reception of like
representatives from such countries.
These simple and simply described
..sI. l..
veloped into a much broader scope
than would seem to be implied in the
power thus given. The appointment
OF representatives to and the recep-
ton OF Representatives from other
countries involve the conduct OF our
diplomatic relations with foreign ma
tions Also. the discretion as to the
recognition of foreign government,
as properly representing a foreign ma
tion. OF this discretionary power. we
have an example in our present trou-
blesome relations with Mexico, the
President having exercised his power
to recognize or not recognize
as de facto. governments of
that unhappy country claiming to
be such. The President is also made
NN AhN AWnCAAAMNANlAf
chief of the army and navy OF the
United States, and in addition TO the
appointment OF our ambassadors and
ministers to foreign countries, he may
nominate and. by and with the con-
sent Of the Senate, appoint such other
public ministers and consuls, judges
of the Supreme Court and all other
officers of the United States whose
appointments are not in the constitu-
tion otherwise provided for and which
shall be established by law. The Con-
gress. however, may by law vest the
appointment Of such inferior officers
as they think proper in the President
alone. in the courts OF law, or in the
heads of departments.
/ Power of President.
} zone other. but very importanti
executive power is lodged IN the
( President,-that Of making treaties.
with the concurrence of two-thirds of
the Senate. This power in connection
with the control given to the Presi-
dent over our diplomatic relations
constitutes a most important and far.
reaching governmental faculty. repos.
ed by the states for their common
d A'AANMN ~ AA1 ANNAAthA Vi Tie AnIlGO
/ States.
The third branch Of the federal
! government established by the Con.
J stitution is the Judicial. The Con.
siitution provides that the judicial
power. vested as above described
shall extend to all cases in law and
equity arising under this Constitution
the laws of the United States. and
treaties made, or which shall be made
Under their authority; to all cases
Affecting ambassadors. other public
ministers and consuls; to all cases
of admiralty and maritime jurisdic.
ton: to controversies 10 which the
United States shall be a party; 10
controversies between two or more
states; between a state and citizens
o. another state; between citizens of
different states; or between a state