davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1915-08-22
Wild Enthusiasm Greets An
nouncement of Declaration
After Cabinet Session
$50, 600 BULCARlANS
ON TURKISH BORDER
Italy's Action VIII Hasten FL
nal Lining Up Of Balkan
State-Young Turks Anx-
ious to Start War

Rome, Aug. 7f.--Italy declared
war ON Turkey today. The Turk
ism ambassador 10 Rome, Naby
Bey, has be<n handed his pass-
ports and Will depart Immediately
for Switzerland. Marchese Gar
roni, the italian ambassador to
Constantinople, has been request
ed to notify the Turkish govern
ment OF Itaiy's Intention, and inn
mediatclS TO demand his right OF
safe conduct from the country.
The declaration came at the
end OF q short cabinet session. The
Italian government had demanded
that reseryists OF the Italian army
be permitted TO leave Turkey
without restriction.
In announcing the declaration
OF war the government cited two
primary canses: The Turkish sup
port of the revolt in IAbya; and
the prevention hy Turkey OF the
departure of Italian Residents In
Syria. q
WILL HASTEN ALIGNMENT
OF THE BALKAN STATE!
Announcement OF the new deciara
ton of war was received with will
by the crowds who ha,
gathered outside the government of
fees. During the session the popuiac'
being well aware that an importan
decision would. In all likelihood b,
awaited the news amis
scenes of great excitement
1t Is believed here that Italy's de
rlaration OF war will go far toward
the Anal alignment of tn
Balkan States. A Salonica dispatcl
says that Bulgaria has concentrate,
$4,000 troops along the Turkisl
frontier. while message from Athen
declares that neutrality negotiation
between Turkey and Bulgaria hav
been broken OF.
From all points in the Balkans com
strongly intimating tina
the diplomacy OF the entente power
has won. and indicating that It il onl.
a matter of days before the armies o
The Balkan States will be concentrated
against Turkey.
The Cabinet council, which begaY
morning when the time
INIT placed for the Turkish reply ex.
,ired, was prolonged until last even
ng. when it was announced that the
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The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-06-13
REBUkE FOR BRYAN.
We're OF German Birth. hut Amcri-
cans. says Editor.

DETROIT. June l2,--br. II. Rosiu2cr.
an editor OF the Abcnd-Post, and SEE
rotary Of the Detroit Stadiv.rbund, the
CitS's largest German organization. con-
Gemns the appeal Of William j Bryan
to the German Americans. In part
Itosinger says:
The very fact hat Bryan addresses
his appeal To German Americans, asking
them 10 exert their influence with Ger.
many to prevent IN open break, viii he
taken MS an inNlt by the great majorit.j
OF American citizens who have German
Bryan is wholly out Of touch with Ger
man sentiment in this country.
He addresses us rs " We first Of all
we're iernan and American after that
Nothing could he moro erroneous We
don't need Bryan To point out or remind
us Of our loyalty to the United states,
We arc Americans. first, last and All the
time"
I'VE have definitely lCt the Father
land. severed our relations with II As
citizens, showed u preference for
America and sworn allegiance to the
United states.
Does it stand 10 reason that anything
We might say would have any weight
with the German Government" Ger
,alnly not. \ full FLOODED Yankee would
have more influence with the German
Government than any one who ha ! gone
out from Germany to make hi" home
here. l'ntil Bryan explains more fully
his act as Secretary Of state his appeal
to his so-called German Americans
will not have the result he anticipatcd.'
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-06-13
GERMANS STOP NEW
RUSSIAN OFFENSIVE
Gen. Won LinSingcn'S Army
RccapturcS Zurawno. Official
Berlin Report Announces.
NEW GAINS IN THE WEST

RrRLIN. via London. June l2.-The
new Russian offensive ON the Dniester
has heeA checked, according to the
official wal bulletin issued here to-day,
Gen, Won Linsingen has retaken Iu-
rawno. 1t is announced. An attempt
has failed. The official report follows
ON the Dubissa River, in the 10
ginie and Petingola districts. Russian
advances failed. To the north o'
przasuysz u troops yesterday
stormcd a Russian position, whore
they took $50 prisoners and some ma
chino guns and mine thrOwcrs.
ON the Rawka River, between Roll
NOV and Sochaczcw. We penetrated a
position of tho enemy. Up to the
present time 500 Russians have been
taken prisoners.
East OF Percmysl the situation re-
mains unchanged, The army under
Cion, Won linsingcn has attacked the
enemy, who was advancing toward
our wing. Zurawno, which had been
cleared the day before yesterday. has
been retaken. and the enemy driven
beyond the hridgehead near Mosclska.
northeast of Hurawno.
Attacks by the enemy yesterday
near Halicz and upon Stanislau were
repulsed.
In the western theatre OF var the
official statement records n series OF
successes, The report follows:
Attacks of the enemy yesterday
in the dunes northeast of fpres and
near Nanneskensverc, on the eastern
ridge of the l.orette heights, and in
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-06-13
RUSSIA ORDERS LOCOMOTIVES
Order for 80 1000. 900 worth Placed
with baldwin Concern.

PHILADELPHIA, June 1.-THE Bald
win Locomotive Works has received u
cable order II, m the Russian Goyera-
ment for $50 locomotives. IN be built
before tho close OF the year,
Thu order. which approximates 10000
900, Is one of the largest ever h, oked
by the Baldwin company, and means
that the concerns big plants In this city
and at Eddystone will be worked to ca
pacity for months
Alba Il, Johnson. president of the
Baldwin company, confirmed the receipt
of the order in answer to the report, that
the Russian order was for munitions OF
war.
pITrsBuRG, June l2.-It was announced
here to-day that the Russian Govern
ment has placed an order for 1000 cars
with the Pressed Steel Car Company
OF this city. All OF these cars are to
be of the forty ton capacity size and will
be equipped with tho latest improve
ments,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-06-13
SHELLS CHIEF NEED
OF BRITISH ARMY


zeal fine arts. Thousands of guns and
millions of shells were demanded from
n nation at peace and unable to believe
in the lmminence of war. Dire indeed
was the need and heavy beyond mag
lining the burden thrust upon labor.
ave have been old in America thai;
labor behaved very ~badly-drank too
much, Stacked grumbled and mcanly
chung to its trade union rules. amount
ing to practical %extortion and impe,il-
ling the existence Of the empire. II IA
true that here and there small group
iufa ned and MISGUIDED by the excessive
profits the employers were making. have
agltated. and In some cases struck ~
an increase In wages to help them meat
the increased cost of living caused by
the war. \ few. no doubt, have drums
too much. and there Is always an occa-
sional Stacker hut the great body Of
workers have faced the crisis as valiantly
as have their brothers in the field.
"They are working seven days In the
week aud In most cases twelve hours a
day at grinding, monotonous labor.
MANY have stuck to their tasks until
utterly exhausted. The trade unicnists
have waived without argument the
fruits Of more than a century OF strug.
gle. This they have done freely and
with n generosity as modest as II Ii
ma gniRcent. hut It has been lost sight
of In the clash OF arms which has
riveted the attention Of the world"
II In no longer a secret that France
NJ the beginning OF the war was In
somewhat tho position In which Great
Britain now finds herself in the matter
of munitions. The stores of munitions
on hand were go depleted In the ineffec-
tual attempts to hold back the German
: advance into France. IN spite OF CON
slant outstanding Of shells, that persons
familiar with the French army at that
time say tha. had the German General
stan only known the exact condition or
the French munition depots IL might not
have ordered the retreat from the
Marine.
The retreat was ordered because the
German flank had been turned, but ac-
! cOrding to reports, Gen. Jonre was so
hsmpered by lack of artillery ammuni
ton that had the Germans persisted the
French commander would not have been
able to take advantage of the favorable
situation which his strategy had brought
about and the Germans might have gone
t. Paris before sufficient supplies OF
shells could he brought up to stop them,
The present stiffeninE Of the Russian
defence. which has caused the first
check TO the Austro-German forces since
: their sweep across falicia began. may
undoubtedly he ascr bed 10 the receipt OF
artillery ammunition 10y the Russians 10y
way OF ArChangel When this port wa
closed last all by Ice Russia turned &c
the Tra~ns-Siherian railway and Japar
for ammunii'on TO exc out the suppl,
which her own factories are capable OF
turning out. Then came the Japanese
Chinese crisis and Japan. which hitherto
had been shipping the products OF her
munitions willingly to her needy ally
suddenly cut OFF further shipments N
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-06-13

Had he remained In the Cabinet and
resigned later to handle such n fight he
would have been openly charged with
political ambitions. His friends say that
now he has retired in advocacy " his
scheme to end War for all time by
adoptinr a 'pollcy Of love and persua-
sion" he has gained a strategic posi-
ton which will give him a material adj
vantage.
There was another consideration that
undoubtedly had weight with MIR. Bryan
IN his determination TO separate himself
from the Wilson administration He
had been hcralded far and wide az a
failure In the first great office to which
he had been called. re IS said to have
damaged his prestige rs a party leader
and hat II continued they might fore
rlosc the realization OF his ambition to
attain tho Presidency.
1t is certain that Mr.. Bryan will at
tempt to restore himself to his old po-
sition OF dominance in the Democratic
party. However, for he first time in
years he will have 10 measure strength
with a Democratic president.
Expressions made by Democratic lead
,rs forcshsdow an carly open break be
tween the President and his former
premier. The Administration bitterly
rcSents the literary campaign that has
been ~inauIurated 10y Mr.. Bryan To- eX-
plain his position and ther" IL sprculs-
ton M to just how long this will be
permitted to continue without drawing
a reply from some one authorized "a
speak for the President.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-06-13
SAYS GAS WILL
EXPLOSIVES PLACE
German Chemist Asserts New
Weapon Has Proved of
Immense Value.
SEEK 4 DISTRIBUTOR

Speciai Cdblc Despnich 10 TnE Sex.
LONDON, June l2.-The neutral cor
respondent OF the Times, who has re-
Gently revisited Germany. in an article
this morning emphasizes the efforts OF
the German chemists to find substitutes
for the natural products which can no
longer he obtained In Germany. He
says, among other things. artificial rub
Der is well on its way toward perfection
The chemists he say, hail AS a
splendid triumph the successes achieved,
thanks TO the use of poisonous gases In
warfare. 4 chemical expert gave me to
understand TINT tho use of gas for mill
tary purposes IL still I'm n very primitive
state OF development, but that II is the
coming Weapon of German warfare,
Though still In the experimental stage
the use of gas, according to this expert,
has hccn so successful that the suhsti-
tuition OF high explosives by gas Will ul-
q~uestionably take place, lie pointed out
TO me that the striking success of the
Austro-C;erman arms in Galicia and else
where in the east was due primarily
to his new Weapon, against which the
Russians were u~nprepared.
~ few tanks of gas will do the work
Of a thousand Shells" my informant
continued, The problem is not so much
the use OF the gas itself but the finding
of "A suitable distributor, Once this has
been found the problem will have been
solved"
The writer says the chemists are work
ing under high pressure In numerous d.
rcctions. not merely for military pur-
poses but for the nation in general
Nevertheless, signs of uneasiness may he
noted with regard to the raw materials
aud the cotton requirements. These re-
quircments have been roughly estimated
at 10000 bales a month and hitherto no
substitute has been found.
Tho neutral correspondent says the
';ermaus smile at the idea that the im-
pOr,ation of cotton Will he permitted by
the British authorities when other less
important articles are excluded. lie
adds that now that cotton is no longer
received In Germany every effort Is made
to husband the supply on hand.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-06-13
BRYAN TAKES A REST.
says lie Has Worked Longer rrJ
Harder Thar Predecessors,

NAsHiNGruN, June -. William 7.
Bryan went 70 Old Point Comfort tonight,
accompanied by Mrs. Bryan. to remain
until Tuesday morning, On his return to
Washington Mr.. Bryan will announce his
plans for the newt few weeks. II Is said
they contemplate but one speech, and
that not immeiiat"lv.
MIR. Bryan said to-iay that he was
thoroughly tired ont, On his return he
probably will reply to some Of the criti-
cislnS of his action.
The next " weeks viii be devoted
largely to rest, " said Mr.. Bryan. During
the two year, and three months Witch
have elape"l since | entered the State
Department | have hal hut little vacation
considerably loss than the time which
the Law givn, T. al! Government employees.
IF any historian j. Interested enough
to examine the record h VIII nnd that no
former secretary has been AZ his desk a
greater number of hour. ca"h day or a
greater number of days in tn" year, And
| am suro none of my predecessors has
had TO deal with more problems of tho first
magnitude
II has been a lonr and severe strain.
and Mr., Hrvan has shared it with mo.
We both feel tho need Of rc.t aud shalt
avail OurSclNo' of this opportunity to
secure il Ne -hpil 70 to Old Point Com
fort Tonight spend Sunday and Monday
ther" and return TUESDAY morning, BY
that tim" We ~hall nave our plans ma'urcl
for tn" remainder of June, and possibly
for a longer pcriod."
Anon" Mr. Rryau's callers to-day was
Cone johnson solicitor of the state De
partncut, and Mgr William T. Rlasrl!
rector of ~. patri"k's Cathedral church in
Washington, Soiicitor johnson called to
clear NJ some Departmental routine in
which Mr. hrNHu had . personal interest
and of which he had personal knowl ledge
Father Russell is interested In interns-
tional peace, which explained his call.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-06-13
Big GUNS ACTIVE IN
FIGHTING IN FRANCE
Infantry Attacks Prevented he
Weather in Sector North
of Arras.
FRENCH MAKE NEW GAINS
Special cable Despa,c1 70 Tur &,

Spectdi 'Hbte DeSpd'rh 70 TUr Srs
FAIRS. June 12.-French to ne h,,,
made further progress north Of Loro,,,
while the Germans have been d,o.,t~,
a violent bo~mbardment agaius. 'Mo ,.
lions won by the French IN tu c,do,y,-
to prevent them from urrinI2.,e ,,
new trenches. 4 heavy fog m tho eo..
ton north of Arras has p.cyer,od NOT,
very serious hghtins. The War nr,.
issued the following commuuUqut IL
night:
In the region north # Ar-as the -.
tillery duel was particularly ,.o..,.
on the Lorette plateau TIE e,,r,
in all OF this sector from NiN Nau.
lette to Ecurie) has sought D., a con.
tinucd bomhardment to proven, ,bs
organization of the position 5 c~unouer.d
by US. our artillery has rcnl cd. Al.
recting a fire at the German tre-cno.
and batteries.
In the region Of tho Tou,ye., e,,,
'southeast " Habuterne) tho enemy
began this moruit- a counter ATTACK
which was easily rcpulsch
There liz nothing 10 report M .hs
rest Of the fir NJ except an a|r,'lert
action OF considerable intensity .t D..
sector east OF Rheims and on '.e pe
hes-Beausejour front iu IT,, Cham.
payne district.
The afternoon communicate vas q to,.
lows:
There is little 10 add 20 Tho an.
nouncement given ont last n CHI, We
nave made further progress IN tho 70.
gion Of Duval. to the north ~ Lorote
and In the vicinity Of The l.ahyrl,'n
This morning a heavy fog prevails
In the section to the north OF Arrss
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-06-13
SOCIALIST PAPER RESUMES.
OFT Suppressed ia Gucrrc socis,e"
Reprints Indiscrcct Article.
Special ca,ie bcspa.rl 10 rrr s.,

FTTTTT- T-TF TTTTTT8T- ~ IN ~
PARIS. June - 4 Gucrr, >p.ia'e
tho Socialist ~newspapcr Nhi,n has N,e-
suppress d on several te'crt o..1s OTIS
was permitted to- publish am ~,'.o %.
day.
Tho editor protests aggus' 'he -"
preston II u Uew Spapcr eNcsr' Rt5f
iudlsrrect military news is pEi''ei II
was permitted - reprint tho t.''-s
which was the cause of the paper hing
seized yesterday.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-06-13

NJ, Rrvan's statement follows:
"My attention has been called to "A
ron'''er NJ newspaper editorials and ar
t.cles which in varying language ask
the question, Why did Mr., Bryan sign
the first not" to Germany and then re-
i'iNe to sign the s.roudF' The argumcn
lreseo'"d ~ 'his question Is based upon
Il.e a"ii"o,i,"u thtt the Two noi,s we're
s~nhstan'lt!l" thc sdmc and that the Sec
oai mote simply i"Il,IdtrS the demands
contained in the first. They then declare
~ inconsistent to sign one and refuse
- sign the other. The difference be-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-06-13
GERMANS
Belgian ms Report Intermittent pom.
In rd mcnt Near Dixmud.,

LONDON. June l2-The following b. D..
giau official statement was i.rel A.
Havre to-day:
ON the night of June io-ii ,r.a
was an intermittent houharIwer,
north of Dixmudc. During 'r. of,
the enemy's ARTILLERY actively hom.
harded our advanced pos,'.'f,
our batteries dispersed |,itr'Han work.
ing parties toward Tostelle and Vac.
leweyden
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-06-13

known his feelings Of dissatisfaction to
the President Is a matter of lively
speculation. II IL believed that he con-
cealed his resentments from the Presi-
dent, fearing a break might be pre-
cipitated sooner than he would have IL.
Enemies OF Mr.. Bryan declare tina with
great adroitness he awaited the mo-
ment when he could quit with the pro-
nouncement that he was actuated in the
course solely by peace.
In his fight TO bring the President
around to his way of thinking on the
German situation Mr.. Bryan practically
fought a lone hand. when the issues
went against him he stepped out and
these who know him best believe he
was well satisfied to Renter private life
on AN issue that he expects will he
made one OF the great political issues
OF the country In the next four years.
Battle for Supremacy.
Mr., Bryan has long believed that the
feht for control ~ the United states he
tween the militia rists and the pacihcists
was rapidly reaching a point where 4
was to I've a battle for supremacy. fe
entertained that view M far back az
the summer Of 1913. when he took A
leadin part In trying to reconcile the
California land problem with the Jap
anese Governments opposition. Ever
Since the present European war began
this belief has been becoming more
pronounced. and, this being true. some
Of his friends say he left the Cabine,
under existing circumstances to cen
tralize the attention OF the entire world
on his peace policy.
Had President Wilson agreed to send
the note now reported to be In prepara'
ticn. protesting against the British or
der In council before the German re-
joinder OF June . was started on it'
4, way, Mr.. Bryan might have signed boil
notes. But the President did not dC
So. and all who have come in contact
| with Bryan since believe he was glaC
the opportunity to quit on a well define,
issue was presented. even though tina
issue was one usually kept foreign IL
domestic policies-an international prob
lem.
Bryan believes that the war part,
plans to jam through a big programm,
at the coming session of Congress, II
anticipation OF this ne has returned &
private NE and II Is certain that h
will rally to his support the 'smol
army" and Small navy men in a fgh
that will pave the way for the politica
campaign OF 1916.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-06-13

NIeOrS p SoUNe tptutss
In many respects Mr.. Bryan's latest
statement was regarded as tire most in
terestlnr of all in that it makes clearer
come aspects Of his attitude toward the
issues with Germany.
In the first place attention WAS called
70 the fact that Mr.. Bryan refers to
Germany as having been guilty only Of
"deviation from the ordinary rules ap-
plicable TO prize cases In this he
speaks a different language from Presi-
dent Wilson and his remaining advisers.
who have all along insisted that the
issue ~ one OF principle involving not
only the rules Of warfare, but the funda-
mental rights of nations and of human
fly. This statement recalled the fact
that in an earlier one he placed on the
same level German submarine attacks
causing the death 81 ncutrals and non
combatants and E~ngland's blockade pol
icy involving only rights Of property or
privileges of commerce
1t discloses also that his position has
been wholly apart from that of his as
sociates. VIII, held that there were no
facts which could have justified the fatal
stack on the Lusitania. Mr.. Bryan
refers TO tho German allegations and
arguments m justifyine her acts and
feels that the entire matter should be
Investigated by impartial commission to
determine whether these facts did con-
stitute a qualification. The President
ard his advisers hold that the issue has
never been one of fact. but purely one
of principle. His statement also Is re-
carGod as demonstrating his acceptance
of the u put forth by the Ger
man Ambas> ,dur that the German Issue
ought not TO be considered by itself. but
10 connection with the differences with
England owe" trade questions.
officials here are wondering what
effect MIR. Bryan's remarkable public
statements will have upon public and
official opinion in Germany. with the
seml-oficia announcement from Ger
many to-day that the German reply 10
the note of June q need not he en-
pectcl for al least two weeks Il II
mot doubted thai the German Govern
Ment will have opportunity to study
carefully his discussion Of the issue
pending between the two Governments
1t is known that such statements as
were made 10y prominent Americans
following the Lusitauia note, which
seemed to he more favorable to Ger
many, We're not only taken note Of by
German representatives here, but were
Transmitted to Berlin For the informa-
t!on Of officials. II IL generally be-
leNCd that, il 1t appears that Mr.. Bryan
wins any considerable following, the
German GOveruments reply VIII he
shaped with the view to appealing ia
him aud those who share his views.
There will he no further statements
from Mr., Bryan for . few days, as he
left Tonight for old Point Comfort, Va,
With Mrs, Bryan.
with the President taking hi. usual
|eek end period Cf rest and recreation
ind the departure Of the German Ann
t~-.sador for a few days in the country
Things were for the m at a stand
st.il in Washington So far rs the Ger
man situation II concerned, II is fclt
tNHt for tho present the Government
and the country must await the actor
Of Germany,