davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1915-07-11

profits to paying damages and lawyers.
Then along came Cottrell.
When DIR. Cottrell started his re-
search work at the University of CAL
ifornia he knew of Sir Oliver Lodges
experiments and of his proposal. never
worked out. to clarity the London at
mosphere of fog and dust by means of
an electrostatic discharge. He knew
also that w. Maynard Hutchings had
attempted to settle lead fumes at q
smelling plant in North Wales by sim
ilar means. And he knew. that no one
had made a success. So, acquiring at
once the reputation for being an i'm
practical scientist. he tackled the job
Of doing what the others had failed
to do.
His experiments on a small scale at
tracted the attention of DR.. Harry East
Miller. a chemical engineer Of San
Evening star., 1915-07-11

Dr. Frederick c. Coen Chemist Makes
the Admiration the Scientific His
Smithsonian $4,000
Applied Encouraging Further Scientific RearRsearh Corporation
Handle and Administer Fund
Evening star., 1915-07-11

sufferings of his destitute compatriots
from the invaded northern provinces
of France, cast his eye moodily upon
feet of INDECENT river barges sleep
ing abandoned by the quay and was
suddenly struck with the idea of put
ting them to work again, not in the
interest of paunchy commerce, but Of
suffering humanity.
No sooner thought than resolved. M.
Lievre hastened to his desk; rapidly
calculated and weighed the financial
pros and cons Of the project in
mind; came to a speedy conclusion
that the pros" had it, and Immediately
commenced the work of fitting out the
"Village Flottant."
X
From the city government of Paris
he negotiated donation of $1,000. From
various other sources he secured an
additional $500, and, with the $500
thus obtained, he proceeded to install
a single tentative barge by way of ex-
pertinent.
When this first unit of the present
village was finally equipped with all
the primary comforts of home-rooms,
furniture, stoves. lights. a kitchen. a
mess hall and the necessary sanitary
adjuncts-he found that he had been at
an initial expense OF considerably more
than the funds donated for the purpose
represented. The deficit he paid un-
grudgingly from his own pocket.
Success Immediately attached itself
to NJ. Lievre's work. The scheme
proved worthy of further development.
More barges were secured, more car
penters were set to work Transforming
them into dormitories. more funds were
acquired to pay the mounting ex-
penses of the steadily growing village.
Wherever funds were lacking one hand
at least was always found extended to
meet the need. That hand belonged to
none other than M Lieyre,
Evening star., 1915-07-11

desire for postgraduate work In Ger
man universities in chemistry.
How well he utilized the opportunity
Is indicated by the fact that in 1901 the
University of Berlin added its B. s. to
the degree he had won at California.
and in 1902 the University of Leipsig
made him a Phi. D. At Leipsig he en-
gagged in chemical research under the
famous Ostwald.
Then he returned to California to be-
come an assistant in the department OF
physical chemistry at the University OF
California and, after four years of such
ject, which position he held until 1871.
In his laboratory at the University
of California he at once began work
on the problem of the removal from tho
air of solid and liquid particles that are
too minute to settle by themselves: He
somehow better than most realized the
need, and had a vision Of what an In
vention to work cure would mean.
From the time that the parliament OF
England. during the reign OF Queen
the burning of coal in London during
the sessions of parliament, down to the
time when the American humorist built
his Jokes upon the trinity OF Pitts
world has suffered without surcease
from smoke.
Two sorts Of smoke are the particu-
lar criminals. There is coal and oil
smoke and smelter smoke, both costing
the country millions of dollars annual
ly in the damage they do. The first
classification, fuel smoke. heavy in car
bon particles, or SCOT. has attracted
chemists for years.
Dr. Cottrell does not assert that his
process Is fitted completely and prac-
tically as yet for the entire elimination
of the carbon smoke evil Better meth
DDS Of combustion, he holds. are still
necessary to a removal of that evil
But 1t is recognized that his processes
point the way to the complete cure. and
q largo part Of the earnings Of his in
vention is now being devoted by the
research corporation to research along
that line.
smelter. or metallurgical. smoke. how
ever. is a more potent and extensive
sinner than coal and oil smoke. As the
metal mining industry OF the United
States has grown. the smelter industry
has grown proportionately. An indtca-
tion of that growth is found in the fact
that while the mineral production Of
was less than a billion dollars in value.
in 1913 1t amounted to a trifle less than
two and a half billion dollars.
Many ores smelted are heavy in sui
phur. Out from the smelter stacks pour
great volumes of sulphur -dioxide gas.
spreading poison and devastation to
all vegetation in the vicinity. For ex-
ample, the great stack Of tho smelter
at Anaconda, Mont. owned by the
Copper Company. which
produces about 800 tons Of copper
day. discharges in each twenty-four
hours 1,s41, 200. 900 cubic feet Of smoke,
containing 23,252.940 cubic feet Of this
gas. equivalent to 3,427 tons Of sui
phuric acid.
out in the smoke. And each one of these
was a salable commodity II 1t could
Evening star., 1915-07-11

-HE aeroplane is finding ITSELF in
the world war. A few hours after
u the German rush into Belgium
began it was recognized by men of mil
itary training or military mind that 1t
was an artillery war"-that artillery
in it's relation to infantry and cavalry
had outstripped them This fact which
was "sensed" by skilled observers at
the outbreak of the war has been beat
en- into the humblest intelligence by
the course Of events and the ratio OF
cannon to rifles and the ratio OF shell
and shrapnel to cannon have rapidly
risen during the war and will PROBABLY
continue to rise until the crest OF nos
tilities has been reached and the tury
Of the operations begins to die down
because of the exhaustion or waning
strength of the combatants.
ACCOMMODATING the rising ratio Of can
non to rifles is the rising ratio OF ma
chine guns to rifles until the prophecy
ia made by keen observers that hand
rifes-both the present lock, bolt and
MAGAZINE guns as well as the auto
matic rifie-are obsolete, or at least
obsolescent arms, and that foot troops
will hereafter be armed with machine
OF course InlS lS OuAy q PioPhCSy
and it may be rash one. but 1t Is
s;entficant as indicating the direction
Of the thoughts Of many men. 1t
sbould be recalled that several years
before the present war, and soon after
the introduction of field guns that re-
coiled and recuperated on their car
riages and used made-Tp ammunition.
many adventurous artillerists prophe-
s;ad that the battles of the future
Would be fought by cannon and that
artillery from an auxiliary arm
would become 'the queen Of battle"
II Is a safe prophecy that the aero
plane as an agent of offense is rapid
ly developing. A few weeks after the
outbreak of the war many military
or those without that
darraa AZ i,saa aina fion and nrAaciAncA
Evening star., 1915-07-11
TEE noArn1e V11AeE srApp1p FReo1 TaI Q@1 De Ia 6Aai

French Lumber Mer-
chant Provides Novel
Refuge for 800 Belgian
and French War Refu-
gees-Six Seine River
ScoWs Converted Into
Floating Homes for
the Homeless - An
"Amphibious Philan-
thropy' Life in the
"Floating Village"
Monsieur Lievre, Its Pa
tron, and How He Es-
tablished It-He Has
Paid Most of the Ex-
penses Out of His Own
Pocket-A Novel Side
light On the European
War.
Evening star., 1915-07-11


Between their worn keels and bat
tered decks 800 victims of the greatest
tragedy in all recorded history are
sheltered and sustained. Fled from
the homes they loved, driven through
sleet and snow and freezing mud-with
the fear of death upon them for a
goad and the shells of the invader
bursting at their very heels-these men
and women with their famished babies
in their numb arms have come to raris
homeless, friendless. without food.
broken and hopeless, strangers in a
strange land. And here, beside the
friends. refuge and the beginnings Of
a new hope.
For them these homely barges are a
sort of promised land afloat. Here
they await the termination, joyful or
tragic, of the stern romance which has
swept them clear from the mouths of
the German cannon and the flames of
their ruined homesteads in the north
to Paris and the peaceful banks of the
Seine.
Local history records the Official
founding of the village as having taken
place December last, when, to cele-
brate the Inauguration Of the novel
charity. numerous personages Of civic
cred at the "Quai de la Care to in
spect the finished product of NJ. Lievre's
openhanded genius and salute the oc-
casion with speeches and felicitations.
But in fact the floating village came
into potential existence six weeks
earlier. when the founder. one bright
October afternoon, musing upon the
Evening star., 1915-07-11

and has produced few new brands be-
sides. This is the story of one of the
newest brands.
To the Samaritan genius of Partisan
lumber merchant is due the honor OF
discovering and putting into practice a
charity scheme unheard OF before the
bloody days of the late conquest OF
Belgium, scheme which. in the ao-
sence of any ready-made term. has
been named by a certain French wit
"a sort of amphibious philanthropy
Because" explains the coiner OF the
Evening star., 1915-07-11

This acid is brought into connection
with the phosphate rock and the result
is an output of fertilizer that makes
more money for the company than
does the real business. that of pro-
ducing copper. In other words, the
by-product has become the chief rev.
enue producer.
Quite as remarkable is the success
achieved in a Portland cement plant at
Riverside, Cal, where DR.. Cottrell put
in an experimental plant in 1911 which
has since grown into a permanent and
extensive plant. Here the problem was
in the fine dust clouds of lime and
clay escaping from the cement kilns.
The dust was running orange and
lemon groves in the vicinity and the
company had already spent $1,000,000
in purchase Of surrounding land and
Evening star., 1915-07-11

Francisco. who was working on the
smelter smoke problem. At his invi-
tation, the Investigations were trans
ferred across the bay to DR.. Miller s
own laboratory. The experiments were
proceeding splendidly when came the
earthquake and fire of 1906, and wiped
out apparatus and records, and about
all the money the two young men had.
Then came on the scene E. S. Heller,
a San Francisco lawyer and business
man, who had been a classmate of DR..
Miller at the University of California.
He told them that what they needed
the capital. Prof. Edmond O'Neill, dean
of the college of chemistry in the uni
versity, also took a hand. On the ad-
vice of Mr.. Heller a corporation known
as the Western and International Pre-
cipitation Company was organized.
Then the Cottrell process was per-
fected as a commercial and practical
method Of curing the smelter smoke
and the time had arrived for reaping a
huge profit, these gentlemen elected to
give the whole thing to science. And
they did.
Now as to the results.
Did you ever visit the region in the
vicinity Of Ducktown, Tenn? 1t is the
most desolate spot imaginable-or was.
The great smelters there had spread
ruin over the entire countryside. Dead
forests, hill slopes on which the turf
had been killed by poisonous vapors
and the rains had eroded the soil, va
cant farms-these made up the land
scape. Sulphuric acid from the smelter
was the cause.
Now the greatest single use for sui
phuric acid today Is in the manufacture
of phosphate fertilizer. The south
needs phosphate fertilizer. The south,
in Tennessee and South Carolina. has
great deposits of phosphate rock, but
that rock, for lack of sulphuric acid,
was not put to account, while the sui
phuric acid from the Ducktown smelter
was running riot.
Here, using the Cottrell process, driv-
en- to 1t rather against it's will and in
desperation because Of the extensive
smoke litigation. the smelter company
acid plant in the world. 1t put the
plant in to keep the sulphuric acid
from getting away and causing more
suits. At last accounts it was saving
about 600 tons of acid a day.
Evening star., 1915-07-11

Still further than this. at modest
compensation he is giving. in his labor
atory in California. much of his time
and research to the United States gov
ernment in helping 1t to help the min
ing industry.
Chief physical chemist of the bureau
of mines is his position. The problems
he solves are those that have baffied
the mining industry always. That in
dustry now receives the benefit of his
solutions of those problems without
cost.
'In recent days." remarked the Min
ing Magazine of London not long ago.
I'VE have known of nothing more ad-
Inirable than the attitude of mind of
DIR. Frederick G. Cottrell, the inventor
Of the electrostatic method Of precipi-
tating fume. DR.. Cottrell has
benefited the community in two ways.
He has not only created q method for
Evening star., 1915-07-11

happy phrase. ut garners the where
withal on the land and utilizes 1t on
the water"
The originator and promoter of this
scheme of "amphibious philanthropy"
is one Monsieur Hector Lievre, knight
Of the Legion of Honor and figure of
considerable commercial Importance
along the Seine His idea Is neither
ambitious nor spectacular. but ex-
tremely practical and thoroughly ade-
Quate.
1t embraces six Seine river scows and
300 refugees from Belgium and north
ern France. The combination of scows
and human beings which his imagina-
tion and energy have succeeded in ef-
fecting Is the most unique war refuge
to be found in the length and breadth
of warning France, the Village Flot-
tant' Of Paris.
Evening star., 1915-07-11
Special Correspondence Of The Star.

PARIS, France, July 8. 1915.
~ AR, the present war. has
~ evoked every variety of or
4 ganized and disorganized
charity known to the ages,
Evening star., 1915-07-11

q CCORDING to Charles D. wal
IN colt, secretary of the Smith
IN sonian Institution, and vice
= q president of the Research Cor
poration of New York, the Research
Corporation. in the three years Of its
life. has earned something more than
$160.00O. The rate Of its earning is on
the increase.
Behind this bare statement is a re-
markable story of self-sacrif1ce and
devotion to the common veal. 1t Is the
story of DR.. Frederick Gardner Cot
trell of California, whose fame among
scientists is great. but who is almost
unknown to the general public.
To put it briefly. DR.. Cottrell is the
inventor and patentee of an electrical
process to precipitate the solid matter
In smoke. In many parts of the coun-
try IL has revolutionized the smelter
industry; it is moving to point where
IL will make smoke-ridden cities free
of coal dust and dirt.
Obviously, it is an invention which,
viewed from the commercial angle, is
worth a huge fortune. 1t is true that
there are millions in II.
But when the commercial success Of
the invention had been assured. Dr.
Cottrell assigned his patent rights to
the Smithsonian Institution. with the
sole proviso that the earnings should
be devoted to the advancement Of
science. The Research Corporation was
organized in 1912 to handle and admin
lister the fund.
OF the S16O.OO0 earned. 100000 has
been laid aside as permanent capital for
the organization. $4,000 is being ex-
pended in scientific research work,
solely for the benefit of the public to
develop further processes OF abolish ing
the age-old smoke nuisance" and in
similar scientific work. Further earn
ings will be expended in the same man
ner.
In other words. due to the unselfish-
whose whole life has been the over
coming of heart-breaking handicaps
who had to undergo years of drudgery
in order to obtain money with which
endowment has been established to
make easier the path of scientists who
come after him.
Applied chemistry In the United
States has produced many millionaires.
Huge fortunes. as well as fame, have
come to some men who have perfected
chemical processes Of commercial value.
The man who discovered how to make
a liquid graphite, the one who invented
a popular Photographic print paper.
the one who discovered, in his wonder
fully high-temperatured electrical
ovens, how to make carborundum from
sawdust-these men and others have
received tremendous monetary rewards.
But in DIR. Cottrell is a chemist whose
hrst commercial success he gave away
TO help others.
4
Evening star., 1915-07-11

a CcORDING to Charles D. Wal
IN colt, secretary of the Smith
~ sonian Institution. and vice
. q president of the Research Cor
The Seward gateway., 1915-11-20

LONDON-The government has decreed that henceforth only English may be spoken over London phones.
The Seward gateway., 1915-11-20
FG0K G0Z0580RoO6H

Photo by American Press Association. [The excitement over the coming election in Maryland Is intense. Trouble is fear ed in some of the cities, and Governor Goldsborough has been appealed to. Maryland will elect a governor comp troller of the state treasury, attorney general Full house of delegates and half of the state senate. In addition, four constitutional amendments will be voted upon. and local minor officers will be chosen in the counties and Baltimore city. Candidates to succeed Governor Goldsborough, Republican, are Ovington E. Weller, Republican; Emerson C. liar rington, Democrat, and George E. Cor such, Prohibitionist. The constitutional amendments are for the referendum, new taxation scheme, home rule for cities and parole in criminal cases The refer endum plan is practically the same az that followed In other states, except that the Maryland proposition includes pro- hibiton against the use of the referen- dunn fin any local option or license legis- lation.l
The Seward gateway., 1915-11-20
The Key, sole agent for Lloyd's Specially Candy" Absolutely Pure, made in Seward, Alaska.

Second hand goods bought and sold for cash or on commission. See But tons ad. Tuesdays and Fridays. 2S-tf
The Seward gateway., 1915-11-20


 NOTICE OF APPLICATION TO ENTER NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the NORTH ALASKA SALMON COMPANY, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of California; and whose post office address is llO Market Street, San Francisco, California, as assignee of Joseph K. Harrigan, administrator of the Estate oi Kyhran Horan. deceased. being entitled to the benefits of section 23O6 of the Revised Statutes of the United States and amendments thereto has applied to make entry of that tract of land described as U. $. Survey No. 9l4, and situated on the West bank of Kvichak River. approximately six miles above the mouth of the Alagnak River. District of Alaska, and in Latitude 59 deg. O6 min. 90 sec. North and in Longitude l56 deg. 4l min. 44 sec. West, and more particularly described as follows. to wit:
 Beginning at Corner No. of said survey, whence U. S. l.. M. k. C. M. bears $. 40 deg O7 min w. 20.70 chs. distant, thence East var 23 deg. 10 min E., 800 chs. to corner No. 9. meander corner at line of mean high water on Kvichak River, whence witness corn CT bears West l.S2 chs. distant; thence. meandering along line of mean high water on west shore of Kvichak River, var. 22 deg. E, N. 2s deg 20 min. F. 72O chs. N. % deg 54 min E. 360 chs. ; No. 30 deg. 29 min F.. 6.Sb chs to Corner No. 8, meander corner. whence witness corner bears West l.93 chs, distant ; Thence West. var. 26 deg. E. ll.69 chs. to corner No. 4 thence South, Var. 20 deg. k. 1885 chs. to corner No. 1. the place of be- ginning. containing ll.A acres:
 AS additional to Homestead Entry No. l446 made August 26. 1865. by Kyhran Horan. at Ionia, Michigan Land Office, for the $. 1a of SEE. + of Sec. 30. township IS north, range 10 west containing so acres
 Any and all persons claiming adversely said tract of land, or any portion thereof, are hereby notified that unless their adverse claims are filed during the period of publica- ton and posting. or within 30 days thereafter they will be barred by virtue of the statute and the regulations hereunder.
 It is hereby ordered that this notice be published for the statutory period of 60 days in the SEWARD GATEWAY, a newspaper of general circulation printed at Seward AL aska. published nearest the land applied for.
 c. B. WALKER, Register First publication Nov. II, 1915.
 Last publication Jan. 25, 1916.
The Seward gateway., 1915-11-20
SHE HAS NURSED ON EVERY
 BRITISH BATTLEFIELD
By WILBUR S. FORREST
United Press Stafr CorrespOndent

United Press Staff Correspondent
 LONDON, Nov 13.-(Special to Gateway)-Florence Nightingale, the Second, is Nurse Borlase, the woman who knows every British battlefield in Europe. She has nursed in England, France, Flanders, Serbia and the Dardaneles and is now in London to recuperate before she goes to Russia.
 On the close cut, mannish, jacket of this elderly, grey-haired Florence Nightingale there are two South African war medals ribbons; also Belgian, Serbian, British and French medals, won in the present war.
 In the South African war, Nurse Borlase was in the Siege of Lady smith. The first gun of the European struggle found her nursing in Canada from whence she went to Flanders to nurse the Belgian wounded. Later after a few months in France, news reached her of the suFcrings of the Serbians and the ravages of typhus Without hesitation she went to Serbia and remained until the scourgc had passed.
 It was after this that the British landed at the Dardancllcs and she journeyed to GallipoIi in time Co nurse some of the wounded who are now veterans of that campaign Here Nurse Borlase's health failed and she returned to London When this is read in America she will be on her way to Russia.
The Seward gateway., 1915-11-20
HOW GENERAL J0FFRE
 ATE SNAILS INCOGNIT0
By WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS


 United Press Staff Correspondent
 PARIS, Nov. 13.-(Special to Gate way)-General Joseph Joffre, French commander-in-chief, sometimes lays aside his uniform and goes incognitc among his soldiers in the clothes of citizen.
 Joffre wishes frst-hand information as to how his men are faring; wheth- CT they are satisfied with their lot; if their food is all right and their diges- tion o. K.
 An inhabitant of Rivesaltes, Jofrre's birthplace down on the Spanish bord- CT, vouches for the truth of the story his son tells in letter just received.
 Fresh from the trenches, the soldier said, he and his two friends were off duty back of the lines. Relatives had sent them 200 snails and these they prepared with Spanish pepper and other strong spices. As they began to eat, a motorcar drew up and stop ped. Three or four men in civilian attire got out. One of these came over to the snail-eaters.
 "What are you doing there?" the stranger asked.
 Eating snails, as you can see for yourself" one of the soldiers replied in the offhand way soldiers have with "civils," adding: If you like you might taste them"
 q won't say no to that" exclaimed the mysterious visitor. He also "gargled" wine in a way to make jealous the purest of the Catalans.
 "Ah! he exclaimed. "Where did you get it?"
 Prom a little place you never heard of," he was told. "From Rivesaltes."
 "From Rivesaltesw the stranger exclaimed. "Do you come from Rivesaltes 2" q do."
 What's your name?" The Rivesaltian told.
 "Your father lives in the third house from the end of the main road entering the village from the south, doesn't he.
 "He does, sir; but how did you know" The young soldier was great ly surprised. The stranger chuckled.
 ."The first time you write home, he said, "just tell your mother and father that General Joffre sends them his regards"
 The three soldiers sprang to their feet and came to a rigid salute.
The Seward gateway., 1915-11-20

Waterfll & Frazier whlskey at "The Branch"