davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-26
TheAuthor of the System in Vogue II,
This Country Tells Ho,v 1t Was
First Put to Use Here When
Stains Left on Glass
Was Only C1e,u.

~ defiant, but a few hours before
nearly stupefied the entire court.
My victory had been hard earned
and bitterly fought I'll admit, but it
was all the swecter for that very rea-
son. Handwriting experts who were
present, doubtless recognized that n
new factor had entered into the
science of criminology and they were
none too we'll pleased at the turn
events had taken. But as dear as that
moment Of victory was to me none
realized of what tremendous import II
was to me in the work that stretched
before me. Here was the one test I
had wanted above all others and l had
won Henceforth it would be matter
of record, a precedent established, and
the finger print system to which | had
devoted hard years of study would be
accepted as n fact which any Jury
would have to consider.
Before court adjourned Judge Ro-
salsky commanded the prisoner to
stand before the bar.
"Crispi since you have admitted
your guilt there are certain things
you can clear up in this case that the
court deems of interest to both JUS
tice and Science. I might add that
the court will be disposed to deal lem
ientlv with you IL your answers are
satisfa Glory. In the first place did you
cut the pane Of glass from Bernstein's
Window"
Il did" answered the prisoner. Aft
er cutting it out l lifted II from the
sash and carried it across the room
and set it against the wall Just as
Inspector Faurot said l did. In doing
so my hand slipped and that is how
the finger print was left on the pane
Il want you to explain those alibis,'
Judge Rosalsky continued. Il fear
there has been some tall lying here
somewhere"
mo sir. You are wrong" said
Crispi. II was at the theatre. When
I left the party I asked several Of
them the time thereby impressne'
upon their minds the exact hour J
left them. When I got home my wife
was up as she said. l went to bed
and feigncd sleep. When I found she
was sleeping soundly I arose and
slipped out. l met the gang that
robbed the loft and after getting
away with the loot l slipped back
into my fiat and to bed without
awakening my wife. When she got
up the next morning I was asleep al
her side just as she said l had
carefully mapped out all the details
several days before the job was done
and | built up my alibis so strongly
that I thought they would defy at
tack. But l hadn't reckoned with the
finger print. That's what fixed me
and if | ever get mixed up in another
job you bet your life I'll wear gloves"
That ended the first finger print
conviction in the United States.
Crispi went away for three years and
he is out now and l believe leading
an honest life. He comes to see me
, occasionally and none more firmly be-
, lieves in the infallibility of the finger
print than Crispi. its first victim.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-26

of a minute during which time it will
travel more than three miles. AS soon
as the gun is fred the fuse is lighted
automatically, and when the explosion
occurs in the base of the shell itself
the forward end is blown out and a
shower of three hundred lead bullets
hurled forward In the cone like forma-
ton of t1reworks-the shell acting as
an aerial gun. The velocity of these
bullets exceeds the velocity Of the
shell at the time of the explosion by
from two hundred and fifty to three
hundred feet second, and they cover
a zone Of perhaps thirty feet wide by
about seven hundred feet long
In order that everything about the
shrapnel shall be correct a test shell
is taken from every one hundred and
twenty and Is actually fred out Of a
quick firing gun into a bank OF sand.
If the shape Of the shell should show
a bulge in the neighborhood of tho
powder pocket during the test the
shell is thrown out because Of its
liability of tearing out the rifle grooves
used by the different armies in the
field operate on the same principle
they differ somewhat in the arrange
ment of the fuse
Fearful Wounds.
One has but to read the dispatches
In the daily papers TO learn Of the
frightful havoc it plays with human
life. According TO the surgeons the
wounds produced are similar to those
caused by lead bullets of the infantry
weapons of the past, When the bullet
strikes normally to the surface 1t pro-
duces wound circular at the point
of impact and considerably enlarged
at the point of exit; bones are fire.
quently shattered. and the most seri-
Gus effect Is the introduction of foreign
substances such as pieces of cloth.
particles Of earth or sand or of the
resinous mixture in which the bullets
are embedded. Horrible head wounds
are also numerous. Recently it is be-
ing used with the same deadly effect
by aircraft.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-26
N0/ ETSx2CH
No 2 AWS~ICH2
N0 3 RL55Z7U
no H.CSx2Z2HE

central pipe, and is timed so as to
explode the shell during Its flight at
point about sixty or eighty yards
short Of the target. The bursting
charge is only strong enough to blow
off the head Of the proJectile. which
Is lightly attached, and thus release
the bullets, which fly forward in a
cone-shaped shower covering a large
front. The bullets depend for their
force upon the speed at which the pro-
jectile is travelling when they are re-
leased. For effect they should have
a momentum of not less than four
hundred feet per second. Consequent
~, as the ballistics. or the force and
velocity, Of the projectiles increase the
striking effect of the shrapnel becomes
more formidable"
Steel has taken the place OF cast
Iron in the present-day missile and
this is forged to the required shape
either by the ordinary power press
used by the sheet metal worker OF by
a powerful hydraulic press, This steel
must be Of sufficient strength to pre-
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-26

>HE present day shrapnel Is an
evolution Of an invention by
u Lieutenant Henry Shrapnel,
- made in 17S4--a cast iron bali
filed with bullets and powder and
exploded by a crude fuse stuck into
it's side. The inventor had been given
n commission as Second Lieutenant In
the Royal Artillery when he was but
eighteen years of age. This was in
1879 when the great wars which were
TO eliminate In the overthrow of
NAPOLEON were being fought-an era
when an officer of the inventive genius
of Shrapnel was sorely needed in
every European army. IT was in
1884, while the young officer was a,
Gibraltar taking part in the defense
Of the great Rock that he invented
shrapnel, and on its first trial it was
said to have done terrible execution
against the Spaniards, Lieutenant
Shrapnel watched the test of his shell
and then and there was born the idea
out of which has been perfected the
dreadful bullet stuffed projectile Of to-
day. Many army officers who were
not present at the test were skeptical
and it was not until after consider
able experimentation by the inventor
that the shell was adopted by thu
British Government and given thu
name Of It's inventor.
In 1904, IL was used at the bonn
bardment of the Batavian settlement
of Surinam in the Dutch East In
dies. After the bombardment Majo
Wilson, who was in charge, reporre,
that "shrapnel had so excellent an eff
feet as to cause the garrison at For
Amsterdam to surrender after recciv
ing second shell" "The enemy wa
so astonished," he continued. TAT thes
shells as not to be able to explain
how they apparently suffered from
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-26
Tracing Crime by the Imprint of Fin
ger upon Any Object Near the
Scene No,u a Science, andre
garded AS Infa11;b1e in
AnCOurts of La1U.

still fresh on its surface. These were
carefully photographed and we set to
work to search our files TO see If we
had the duplicate on record. In less
than minute we learned that the
prints were identical with those of
Charles Crispi. Young loft burglar
whose reputation for cunning and des-
peration was second to none in his
class. It was only a question of find
ing Crispi, argued, to cinch the case
for l knew in my heart that the au-
thor of that crime was none other
than the man | had fastened it on.
AT Police Headquarters we have i'm
pressions of'thousands upon thousands
of criminals, all indcxed and carefully
filed. one would imagine to look al
that rack of prints in which today
there are upwards of 250000 impress
sions that 1t would be an endless task
to locate any particular one. But that
! is a mere detail. Bring us any print
from any point on the globe and if
We have the duplicate we can find it
in less than a minute at the outside
TO learn how 10 group and classify
the prints is q science in itself, yet
when one learns how. il is as simple
MS learning ones A Il IS AL! finger
! lines are divided into four classes of
loops, arches. whorls and composites
and Il IS easy to SO group and classify
them.
Crisii Is Arrested.
After satisfying myself that Crispi
was the man we wanted for the loft
/ /. 7
him We had no difficulty in locating
him in his fiat in Hoboken and when
he was apprised of his arrest he burst
ont laughing and told the detectives
he would make them look foolish as
he could account for every second of
his time on the night of the burglary
and that his albi could be proven by
at least half a dozen reputable wit
ncsscs. That made no difference &c
Crispi's captors, however, for nearly
every prisoner, no matter how guilty
he is. can always make a bluff a,
proving an alibi. Alibis in fact. are
second nature to all crooks.
Crispi was brought before me a.
Police Headquarters and withou
mincing words I told him that h,
was wanted for the Bernstein lof
burglary and furthermore that I knew
he was the man who had cut ont tn,
pane of glass from the office doc
and then set it over against the wal
in the hallway. OF course, he pro
tested his Innocence He wasn't in tn,
least worried, nor did he buster
; Calmly and in a conversational tone h.
said:
From what YOU tell me I can prove
and easily too, that l was at tn
theatre with some friends when thi
? trick was pulled ! can account 70
} every second of my time that nigh
: and the morning following. and tn
word of my witnesses is just as goo,
: as those of any you can confront m
with"
His candor and cool effrontery wa
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-26
A Brief History Of Wars Greatest Weapon From
the Time Of Its Invention One Hundred and
Thirty-0ne Years Ago To the Present Day.
Its Manufacture and Its Awfu!
Slaughter of Human Life


musketry at so great a distance as
two thousand yards"
No other mention is made OF its
use until 1907, when Sir Sidney Smith
used 1t with success in landing a divi-
sion In the Dardanelles.
Improved BY Col. Boxer.
In the meantime, Colonel Boxer.
who had noted the uncertainty of
some of the shrapnel in its behavior,
as at one time it showered bullets In
every direction and at others it ex-
ploded prematurely and killed the
wrong persons, set about to correct
this fault and a few years later sue
ceeded in remedying the defect by
separating the bullets from the burst
Ing charge by an iron diaphragm. In
order to distinguish the two shells the
ono Of the Boxer type became known
as the Diaphragm"
At Vimeira, in the Peninsula War
the victory of the British was Target,
due to the use of shrapnel. The
French could not understand where
the little balls came from and de
clared that devils were in the British
shells" The secret of the shell wa.
unsolvable by the French although
Napoleon ordered that every British
projectile found unexploded should b.
carefully examined, but his order
were apparently not carried out, ant
the Little Corporal" lost secre
which might have prolonged his powe
for many years.
Used At Waterloo.
At Waterloo the British used shrap
mel with telling effect--in fact. man
experts declare that II saved the da
for the English until the arrival O
Blucher. After a time, however. tn
reputation of the shell declined an
its inventor. who rose to the rank O
Colonel, died disappointed man. II
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-26

ject is far more infallible as a
- means of identification than a
photograph of that persons features.
Give me the finger print of an infant
IN arms and when that baby grows
to ripe old age I'll prove that his
finger prints then are identical with
those taken while in infancy. AS a
means of detecting the author of any
crime they are absolutely unerrinG. as
many a man now doing long stretch
OF time in state prisons will attest.
When the finger print system was
being introduced into tho police bu-
reaus of the capitals of Europe | was
sent abroad TO study it. or course,
II was in a primitive stage then. but
there was enough there to convince mo
that the science was one we'll worthy
of development, so | SGT to work to
absorb all I could learn there, and
then upon my return to improve upon
the methods there employed and make
1t even moro far reaching in scope
Close study for a year convinced me
that l had taken the science TO that
stage where l could prove Its useful
ness. as we'll as its infallibility in any
court Of justice should the opportunity
present itself.
] shall never forget the first case
called for trial in New York City in
which the finger print was the sole
evidence we, the police, had to base
our case on. Fortunately we had been
able to get an Indictment on what
then was called the nmsicst Of evil
dence. To convince twelve men. tried
and true, Of the infallibility of this
evidence, however, was a far different
matter and l can tell YOU as l look
back upon it all whereas I was just
as certain of my prisoners guilt as
was Of my life. / had sore misGiVings
as to my ability TO prove this in court
Print On Glass My Sole Case.
The case in question had to do with
an especially daring loft burglary II
which the salesrooms of Bernhoin
Brothers in Wooster street had beer
entered and robbed of many thousands
Of dollars worth Of expensive goods
To effect an entrance the burglars haC
removed pane of glass from the doc
of an Office on the floor below the
Of the place they expected to rob ant
then cut their way through th
ceiling to the loft in question. Nov
York at that time was infested will
an especially daring band OF loft burg
lars and the police were put to thei
wits ends in keeping up with them.
AS soon as ] learned that n pan
of glass had been removed ] instruct
ed my detectives to bring the glas
in question to Police Headquarters an
at the same time to exercise due car
that no one handled II with bar
hands. Let the man who picks II
that piece of glass" l said, "be sur
to wear gloves"
With the glass at Headquarters W
went over IT very carefully and sur
enough the tcll-talo finger marks wer
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-26

FINGER prints never lie. The i'm
- preston Of fingers upon any OBJ
ject is far more infallible as a
means of Identification than n
Arizona republican., 1915-12-11
KAISER PERSONALLY RECALLS
 NAVAL AND MILITARY ATTACHES

which for a time appeared to be threatened with serious difficulties. Count Von Bernstorff's manner as he left the state department reflected his own apparent qualification
 It was learned tonight that there was q possibility of further diplo- matic correspondence on the subject Of the withdrawal of the attaches. While the reasons given by the United States for it's request were accepted as satisfactory because any objection on the part of the Ameri- can government to the attaches would render their continued pres ence undesirable, the German gov ernmant later may see fit to address a communication to the United States stating that it does not find itself able to agree that the attaches con- ducted themselves in a manner which justified them in being de clared undesirables
 The British and French embassies immediately will be asked by See retary Lansing to secure safe con ducts for the return to Germany of the officers. The requests will go to the London and Paris foreign offices. and it is said that either Great Brit ain or France or both may demand that if Captain Boy-Ed and Captain Non Papen leave the United States they must go under parole. giving their words not to take part in the hostilities in Europe.
Arizona republican., 1915-12-11
UNITED STATES BENEFITS MOST
 FROM TIE WAR
LRepubIlcan A. p. Leased wire7

LONDON, Dec 11.-Copies of the Berlin NorNaerts received here con tain an article several columns in length discussing the probable com mercial and financial effects of the war on the United States Under the heading the real victor the writer concludes that the United States will reap the greatest economic advant- ages from the war. and that neither Germany nor Great Britain stands to gain anything, whichever wins
 The sudden withdrawal of German exports from the world markets says the article, affords the United States 9 tremendous opportunity for extending it's trade, particularly in South America, while the accompany ing financial expansion will be made easy by the new American currency laws.
 If the American operations are skillfully carried out the English bankers in South America will feel their effects and Americans will rap idly secure financial predominence in the southern continent as under ordinary circumstances could not be expected for fifty years.
 The European belligerents must continue for long time their large orders of merchandise and foodstuffs from the United States, and the money with which they will pay for them will provide plentiful resources for the commercial campaign in South America.
 Thus we see that the war has not resulted just as the English had ex pected True. German trade has been shattered but now amidst the din of war new competitor is seen ris- ing who will soon prove more dan ferrous to England's position in the world market than Germany would have been thirty years hence.
 While the European countries gradually are exhausting themselves the United States is paying off it's liabilities and laying up financial reserve winch will assure her per manent place in world commerce. place which the enthusiastic Ameri- can statesmen of the past never dreamed possible
Arizona republican., 1915-12-11
HOPES ID HEAD OFf
 VILLA TROOPS
TRepubIican A. p. Leased Wire

DOUGLAS. Ariz. Dec. 1O.-Orders were given late today by General Al varo Obregon for the removal of 2000 Carranza troops from Esqueda t. Co., lonia OaNaca, in Sonora. Mexico, in an effort to prevent the retreating Villa army under General Jose Rodriguez from crossing the Sierra Madre noun tains into Chihuahua
 Reports that part of the scattered Villa forces defeated yesterday at San Joaquin, five miles north of Fronteras. were making their way toward the American owned mining camp of Fl sTigre, resulted in General Obregon is suing instructions that the Carranza garrison there be immediately rein forced.
 Announcement was made that the Cananea Consolidated Copper company officials had ordered employees of the company on this side of the border to report tomorrow morning at Naco. Ariz., where a special train will be awaiting them to take them to Cananea for the reopening of the smelters.
Arizona republican., 1915-12-11

gallows at the state prison has been unused since the execution of Aletan ero GallegO. a Yavapai murderer, on July 28. 1911.
 The crime fer which VilIalobos paid the belated penalty yesterday was committed on August 19 of last year near Ray. The day before a horse had been stolen from Ray bv a half breed, Pete Smith, and Constable Phineas Brown started in pursuit of the thief who was Il member of a party of four Mexicans The officer. was ambushed and shot and with him was killed a boy William Landry. Subsequently, two more young men were killed by the outlaws, Frank Bacon and Earl Miller.
 The hunt was begun and continued until Pete Smith had been killed. one of the outlaws, named Ubaldo Amaya. and an unknown Mexican. The re- maining member of the outlaws was supposed to be Antonio Lopez. He was later captured and was known 10 be Ramon Villalobos
 The trial of Vilalobos took place the following October. He was con- victed of the murder of Phineas 'oNI II 1Iltl HIS eRtCuIlDn Was set TOT January 8 of last year. Though no action had been taken in his behalf Superintendent Sims refused to hang him on that date on the ground that the newly created board of pardons and paroles had not yet been organ ized The refusal of the superin- tendent to act became the subject Of a legislative investigation Later at the request of Secretary Bryan of the state department, the hoard of par dons and paroles granted Villalobos and other Mexican convicts under seE- tence of death reprieves. Shortly oe- fore the time for execution of villa lobos came again an appeal was taken for the purpose of postponins l he hanging. The supreme court promptly threw tho appeal out as frivolous"
 Villalobos was twenty-eieht years of age. He was a native of the state of Jaliscc, Mexico. but he had lived in Arizona since the age of sixteen He always professed his innocence of tho crime of which he had been con Victed but the evidence against hlm was said to he conclusive.
Arizona republican., 1915-12-11
IRepubIican A. p. Leased wire7

WASHINGTON, Dec. To- - Elm peror William has personally re- called the naval and military at taches of the German embassy here, who uy their activities rendered themselves persona non grata 10 the United States government The er7- peror requested the United Stota.5 to use its good offices in securing safe conduct for the departing attaches and for their successors, who will be named later.
 communication from the Ger man foreign office announcing the action was delivered to Secretary Lansing today by count von Berns- torf, the German ambassador. who hurried here from New York when he was advised that reply to the request Of the United states had been received at the emnassy from Berlin. AIr Lansing, after a confer cnce of five minutes with the am hassador authorized the following official announcement:
 The German ambassador has in formed me that the emperor has been pleased to recall Captains Von Papen and Boy-Ed in complianco with the wishes of the United States"
 There was much satisfaction in of ticlal circles tonight at the prompt action taken by Emperor William and at the outcome of situation
Arizona republican., 1915-12-11
To Reopen School

SAN ANTONIO, Tex. Dec 10-Mex- ican Consul General T. R. Beltram to- day received official dispatches that General Car~anza had issued orders for the reopening of the National School of Literature, the Museum of Coloni- al Art the School of Domestic Science the School Of Elementary and Ad- vanced Construction, the School of Chemistry, the National College, the School for Tutors and the Business School for Men Reorganization of the Na:Ional University, has been begun, a new faculty engaged and lists for students opened
 All of the Irstitutions mentioned are in Mexico City. Among other institu- tions the Mexican exposition of fine arts is to be made permanent.