davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-04-29
Prince Won BueIoW's Efforts
to Assure ItaIy's Neutrality
in Present Conflict Disclosed

ON THE ITALIAN FRONTIER, April
20, via Paris. 11:4o a.m.-There has
been received here from a source In
Rome that 10 thoroughly trustworthy .
presentation of recent political devel-
opments. 1t has to do with several
important points in the negotiations
between Italy and the central empires
This disclosure. 1t is said. may now
be made without detriment to the in
terests affected. as the situation has
reached such a point that no revela-
ttons can affect the policy settled upon
by Italy.
The information thus received II ~
follows:
when Prince Won Buslow vas, %.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-04-29
Transformation Of Rio.

THE work Of capital building done
in Rio since 1902 is even moro impress
sive and inspiring. Before that date
Rio consisted OF series of disconnect-
ed villages stretched along a narrow
shore strip and creeping between steep
hills which here approach close to the
CONTINUED on Third Pags)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-04-29
WEATHER.

Generally fair tonight and Friday, with
moderate temperature: moderate variable
winds. becoming westerly.
Temperature past twenty-four hours: ::
High, Sc. at 1920 pm. yesterday; low,
81. at am. today.
For full report see page 1e
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-04-29
though he has already had several con-
ferences with Mr.. McAdoo and Mr..
Williams. the accused Treasury off,

though he has already had several con-
ferences with Mr.. McAdoo and Mr..
Williams. the accused Treasury off,
cials.
sci for the famous congressional
money trust" investigation. is said to
be an authority on banking conditions.
He was consulted freely by the franz
ers OF the federal reserve act.
What the expense to the government
OF defending the suit is to be. in view
Of the time that must be taken by Off
cials already on the payroll and in view
OF the fees that must be paid out of
town lawyers and others specially en-
gagged. as is Mr.. Adkins. is probIemat-
ical. There have been reports that Mr.
Entermeyer volunteered his services
and is not to be paid a fee. although
Mr.. Lntermeyer has not confirmed this
1t is said to be possible that the gov
ernment could employ Mr.. Untermeyer
at a nominal fee of as low as 81 a
year.
There have been cases in which that
was done, to get around" law which
prohibits the United States government
should enter the case it Is accepted as
likely that the expense of defending the
suit would be still greater.
See Secretary McAdoo.
After today's conferences at the De-
partment of Justice Postmaster General
Burleson and Mr.. Untermeyer conferred
with Secretary McAdoo at his home
where the latter Is said to be sufficient
ly recovered from his illness to attend
to business
Refusing to discuss the conferences
he has held. Mr.. Untermeyer said that
he has not determined when he will
be able to come to Washington to take
an active part in the governments de-
tense. He was obliged to visit Balti-
Washington last night and Immediately
entered into conference with the At
torney General and Mr.. Brandeis. The
Department of Justice issued a state
ment clearing up the mystery which
has existed for some days as to whether
or not Mr.. Cntermeyer would partici-
pate in the case. The statement was
as follows:
THE Department Of Justice has re-
tained Mr.. Samuel Untermeyer to as
sist in the defense of the suit brought
against the Secretary Of the Treasury,
the controller of the currency and the
treasurer of the United States by the
Riggs National Bank. Mr.. Untermeyer
Attorney General and Mr.. Brandeis."
Reports persist that Attorney Gen
eral Gregory and Mr.. Brandeis are not
satisfied with the governments case as
1t has so far been prepared A rev
days ago 1t was unoff1cially said that
Mr.. Brandeis had completed the prep
aration of the draft of the govern
ments answer to the suit. Neverthe-
less. as the trial date, May IL. ap-
proaches. when the case will be heard
in the District Supreme Court. con-
ferences on the subject between ad-
ministration officials and their counsel
have multiplied. and in most of these
lately the Postmaster General, for
reasons which are not disclosed, is
taking an active part.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-04-29
RIGGS SUIT BRINGS
. BIG COUNSEL ARRAY
Max Pam May Join Mr.. Inter
meyer and Mr.. Brandeis
for United States.
Mr.. BURLESON ATTENDS
TREASURY CONFERENCE
Secretary McAdoo Sees the Postmas-
ter General and Pujo Committee
Lawyer Today. .

A series of conferences among one of
the greatest arrays of legal talent ever
gathered by the government marked
today's developments in the controversy
between the Riggs National Bank and
the Treasury officials who are accused
Of trying to wreck the bank
Information as to the result Of the
conferences was withheld from news
paper men. but 1t was noted that Post
master General Burleson again took
part in them. giving color to the belief
that the administration is watching all
angles Of the case in addition to pos
sible court procedure. and there were
also reports today that the members of
the federal reserve board ara now TAX
ing a keen interest in all developments
in connection with the controversy
1t was said today that there is a pos
sibility that Max Pam, a Chicago law
yer. who has served as counsel prom
inently Identified with the organization
Of big business in the United States,
might also assist in defending govern
ment officials who are parties to the
Riggs Bank suit.
miration of Mr.. Brandeis. The Chicago
lawyer when the recent antitrust leg
islation passed by Congress was under
discussion was an advocate Of having
the interstate commerce commission
empowered to examine the records of
banks and trust companies.
Big Array Of Counsel.
Mr. Brandeis. who is announced as chief
counsel for the government officials, was
too much occupied at the Department Of
Justice today to see newspaper men in
regard to the possibility Of Mr. Pam's
entrance in tho case. Following an an
nouncement last night by the Department
Of Justice that that department had re-
tained the services of Samuel Untermeyer
to assist in the defense of tho suit Of
the bank against the Treasury officials,
Fconferences began at the department at
8 o'clock this morning. in which the gov
ernment's position as to tho defense to be
made was under discussion.
Attorney General Gregory was con.
suited, and he. as the nominal head
of the governments defense, leads an
array Of counsel that was comment cd
upon as being a strong one. In all,
the government onicials now have to
defend them tho following: Attorney
General Gregory. Solicitor General
Davis, Assistant Attorney General War
ron. Louis d. Brandeis, Samuel Inter
meyer, former Assistant Attorney Gem
eral Jesse G. Adkins and United States
District Attorney John b. Laskey.
Mr.. Untsrmsysr went on the rolls Of
tho Department Of Justice today. al
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-04-29
Allies Are Battering
Germans in the West
to Retake Lost Ground

LONDON. April 3s-French and Bel
gian artillery IL today batterins away
ct the German bridgehead at steen-
Continued on Ninth Paga)
Mexico Missouri message. (Mexico, Audrain County, Mo.) 1899-1918, 1915-08-05
FIRST YEAR OF WAR
IN THE EAST

The first twelYemonth of fighting
between the Russians on one side and
the Austrians and Germans on
the other is story of great changes
of fortune, both combatants being re-
peatedly driven back only to show
the greatest resiliency in defeat and
soon to resume the offensive in a most
surprising manner.
The end of the year, however, finds
the pendulum swinging strongly
against the car. He may recover
and take again the roads to Cracow,
Vienna and Berlin, but just at pres
ent he is on the whole in worse plight
than in any hour since the war
started.
Russia's losses in the first year of
the war are not approached by those
of any nation in any war of history.
According to reliable estimates, she
has had between 100000 and 4,000,-
900 men killed, injured and captured.
Despite these horrible gaps made in
her ranks, she still has millions in
the field, and her great reservoir OF
personnel does not show signs OF eX-
haustion. 1t is not men she lacks, but
guns, shells and brains.
Slow to Mobilize.
On August 1, 1914, Germany de-
clared war on Russia. Almost imme-
diately the Germans crossed the from
tier at Thorn and the Austrians south
Of Lublin. They were practically un-
opposed because Of the slowness of
mobilization in Russia. The Grand
Duke Nicholas Nicholaievitch was
forced to gather his main armies we'll
to the rear of the line Of great fort
resses running through Kovno, Grod-
no. Ossowetz, Novo Georgievsk, War
saw and Ivangorod.
On account of his desire to do all
he could to relieve the French, who
were being driven from northern
Mexico Missouri message. (Mexico, Audrain County, Mo.) 1899-1918, 1915-08-05

was fought the desperate first battle
OF Ypres, when the Germans suffered
enormous losses in attempts to break
through the line in Flanders and reach
Calais. They succeeded in pushing
back the allies only little and the
invasion Of Silesia by the Cossacks
finally induced them to desist and
send re-enforcements to Russia.
The Germans in September had per-
formed the feat of pushing salient
into the French line south Of Verdun,
which terminated on the west bank of
the Mouse river at st. Mihiel; while
the French had taken the offensive
with some success In Champagne at
about the same time.
For the most part throughout the
winter the fighting consisted of regu-
lar siege warfare, with heavy artillery
combats and mine and counter-mine.
The flooding of the River Aisne
from winter SHOWS gave the Germans
a chance to entrap the French troops
on the north side Of that river in the
vicinity OF Scissors for a considerable
distance and kill or capture most of
them (January 1D.
Take Offensive In Spring.
With the spring, the French and
English attempted to take the offensive
at several points Always preparing
the way with tens or hundreds Of thou
Stands Of shells, they tried joint after
Joint of the German armor.
In the Vosges the dominating height
Of Hartmannsweilerkop was taken
and retaken several times in sanguin-
airy charges and finally remained in the
hands of the French.
The salient of st, Mihiel was also
subjected to tremendous French pres
sure on both legs" The French sue
ceeded in gaining little ground, but
the Germans, despite the apparent
weakness Of the sharp wedge they had
driven into the French line, could not
be dIslodged and later succeeded in re-
gaining some of the territory they had
lost.
The British also reported victories
at Neuve Chapelle and Hill No. so, in
Mexico Missouri message. (Mexico, Audrain County, Mo.) 1899-1918, 1915-08-05

France by the amazing German rush
through Belgium, Nicholas attacked
sooner than he otherwise would have
done. AS a result, he met two disas-
tiers.
He sent General Samsonofr into
East Prussia from the south and
General Rennenkampf into East Prus-
sia from the east, the latter winning
the first large engagement of the war
in the East at Gumbinen.
At this moment the Germans, be-
lieving that the French were well in
hand and about to be surrounded on
their eastern frontier, quickly with
drew 100000 men from France and
hurled them by rail into East Prus-
STA, where they fell upon SamsonOh
with crushing force in the great Ger
man victory of Tannenberg (Aug. 2S).
Meanwhile, the Austrians, leaving
only few troops in Galicia to hold
back the Russians advancing from
Tarnopol on the line of the Gnila-Lipa.
struck the Russians en- masse at Kras-
mix and routed them to Lublin.
Most Bloody Drive Of War.
With two armies in difficulty, the
grand duke decided to abandon one
to it's fate and save the other. He
threw re-enforcements into Lublin
and ordered the line of the Gnila-
Lipa river be forced at any cost. In
one of the most bloody drives OF the
war the Russians advanced into east
ern Galioia and occupied Lemberg.
The Russians then advanced to
Rawa Ruska and took the Austrian
armies in Poland In the rear, cutting
them up frightfully
Meanwhile Won Hindenburg had
completed his victory over Samsonofr
by turning on Rennenkampf and clear
ing East Prussia of MuscOvites. But
though Rennenkampf had been de-
feated and Samsonoff almost ami
hilated, the Germans.
The Russians were now as far west
as Tarnow in Galicia, while their
Cossacks were able to make raids into
Hungary farther south. Hindenburg
concentrated a great force suddenly
In Silesia and began drive from the
west against Warsaw and Ivan
gorod. The Siberian corps arrived
In the nick OF time to save Warsaw
from the enemy,
High Tide OF Russian Invasion.
Hindanburg then drew on the north,
ern section OF his army in Poland 70
Mexico Missouri message. (Mexico, Audrain County, Mo.) 1899-1918, 1915-08-05
FIRST YEAR OF WAR
IN The WEST

The first month and a half of the
western campaign was made UP of
startling, swift moves. On September
\ IL, after the defeat on the Marine, the
Germans took up defensive positions
along the Aisne river. The ten and
half months since then have seen a
Aong deadlock.
The battle line of the Aisne and the
'oise quickly extended northeast to the
sea. Fighting has been continuous,
with tremendous losses. The general
situation has remained unchanged,
gains of few miles for one side at
zone point Offset by minor gains for
the enemy in other sectors.
At the beginning Of August the
kaiser took possession of the little
state of Luxembourg and demanded
passage through Belgium to the Fran
'co-Belgian frontier.
Permission to pass denied, Won
,Einem attacked Liege august ~,
while other German armies passed
around the city and swept over the
level Belgian roads at terrific rate.
The little Belgian army yielded Brus-
sells and fell back to Antwerp and
'Ghent.
First Big Engagement.
Not until the Germans had almost
reached the French border did the
first important engagement take place
This is generally known as the battle
'of Mons-Charleroi (about August 20
o2lt huf NJ tho uau,a time thara WAS
severe fighting along the whole line
Through Thionville in Lorraine and
,psong the Vosges in upper Alsace,
which the French had invaded with
temporary success.
This battle resulted in defeat for the
French and English.
While obtaining some successes in
'counter-attacks on the advancing Ger
mans at Peronne and at Guise, the
Mexico Missouri message. (Mexico, Audrain County, Mo.) 1899-1918, 1915-08-05

overwhelming victory there. Enor'
nous captures of Russians were made
and the fortress of Gradno was at.
tackled farther west, from Ossowetz
to Pultusk. The Germans retreated
to Mlawa and then tried to flank the
Russians at Przasnysz, which city
they took. But the Russians again
flanked the thanking party, as they had
done at LODI and won an important
success February 22-2S).
In March and April. the Russians
pressed through the western Carpa,
THAN passes and entered Hungary,
Just when their future seemed bright.
est, the Germans broke the Russian
line in West Galicia and let through
enormous forces.
Pressing westward irresistibly, they
took the Russian Carpathian armies in
the rear. The latter tried to retreat,
but vast numbers were captured.
Przemysl, which had succumbed to
the Russian besiegers March %, fell
again into the hands of the Austro-
Germans.
Great German ManeuVsr.
From Przemysl Won Msckensen
drove east through Mosciska and
Grodek and captured Lemberg, the
Galician capital. Then he turned
north and marched upon the Warsaw
Ivangorod -Brest Litovsk triangle
from the south.
At the same time the Russians In
southern Galioia, putting up a desper-
ate resistance, were driven by Won
Linsingen first to the line Of the
Dniester and then across the Gnila-
LApa TO the line OF the Zlota-Lipa.
Reaching the vicinity Of Krasnik
in their drive to Warsaw from the
south. the Austrians sustained a se-
we're check in the scene of their tri-
umph OF the previous summer Held
on this ina the Germans attacked hot
ly from the north and took the town
OF Przasnysz (July 14).
The Germans now Begin the grand
est maneuver ever seen in the history
OF human warfare.
From the Windau river in the Bal
tic provinces all the way along thu
border OF East Prussia and In a gigan-
tic sweep through the vicinity Of RAJ
dom, west OF the Vistuls, and a line
south OF the Lublin.Cholm railway
they delivered smashing blows ana
have reached the very gates o. War
saw,
Mexico Missouri message. (Mexico, Audrain County, Mo.) 1899-1918, 1915-08-05

the north, thinking 70 take the pursu-
ing Russians in flank with the south
ern section. But the Austrians were
too slow to carry out the field mar
shal's plans ami the Russians, slip
ping into a gap in the lines between
the Germans and their allies, slaugh-
tered the latter. The result was the
high tide of Russian invasion. The
Austrians withdrew over the Carpas
thians again, leaving Przemysl to be
besieged a second time. The Ger
mans withdrew to Silesia and the Rus
slams, following closely, were able
for a brief moment to raid this rich
province at Pleschen. At the same
time they entered East Prussia
again.
But again the German strategic
railways proved their undoing. Hin
denburg concentrated at Thorn and
drove into the right flank of the Rus
sian main forces, throwing them back
on LODI.
He advanced too far, however, and
when he had the Russian forces near
ly surrounded, he suddenly found Rus
slams in his own rear. In this ex-
tremity, the Russians say, he tele-
graphed for re-enforcements.
But before the re-enforcements
sent from Flanders arrived the Ger
mans had managed at frightful cost
to hack their way to safety. This was
the bloody battle Of Lodz.
Wins Second Victory.
With stronger German forces oppos-
ing them the Russians withdrew to
the line of Bzura, Rawa and Nida
rivers. At the same time the Aus
TRANS, attempting to debouch from
the Carpathian passes, were driven
back everywhere, leaving $4,000 pris-
oners.
With January Hindenburg made a
third desperate attack on Warsaw.
For ten days, both night and day, the
Germans came on. Then, having lost
probably $4,000 men and the Russians
nearly as many, they gave 1t up.
Unable to reach Warsaw, Hindenburg
concentrated twice Siever's force in
East Prussia, and won his second
Mexico Missouri message. (Mexico, Audrain County, Mo.) 1899-1918, 1915-08-05

May Sherman submarine sinks the
LusitnnIa, more than 1,15O lost. Rus
SLAMS In full retreat from CarpR-
thians.
May 0-GeFmans capture LIbau Baltic
port.
May 12-French capture Ceremony,
north OF Arrns, at great cost.
May 14-Amerlcan 6rst submarine note
made public.
May 24-Italy declares war on Aus
tria.
May 28-ItaIIans invade Austria.
May 29--ItnIiRns take GrOdnO. Russians
check Germans Mt sienawa.
rtne reaches Washington. Zeppelins
drop bombs In London.
June 3-PrEemysl falls TO AustrO-Ger-
June 1O-Germans capture. StanIsInu.
June 11-seeOnd U. S. submarine note
to Germany made public. Italians
take MOnfalcOne.
jane 12-Itallans take Gradisca.
June 10-AustrO-Germnns occupy Tor
nogrOd.
June 22-French take MetEeraI.
June 23-French announce occupation
of the Labyrinth" north of Arras.
June 24--AustrO-GermRns capture Lem
berg.
June 2s-Austrians cross the DnIester
June 29-Halicz falls.
July 2-Russians defeat German at
tempt to land mt Windau.
July 3-RusgO-German naval battle of
Cortland.
July 4-ItaIianB take TOlmtnO.
July 5-Berlin announces gains in the
ArgOnne forest.
July 10--Germans take PFzasnysH, so
miles north of Warsaw.
July 18-Germans advance at many
points in Russia, taking Windnu, Tu-
KUN. blonde and GrObec.
July 2O-Russians report sinking of 80
Turkish sailing vessels. German
guns reach outer forts of warsaw
and damage the Lublin-ChOIm rail-
why.
July 21-Third U. S. submarine note
goes to Germany.
July 22-Turklsh-German expedition
landed In TripOII.
July 24-Germnn take two forts near
Warsaw.
July 26-Russinns repuIse AustrIans I'm
GaIIciR.
Mexico Missouri message. (Mexico, Audrain County, Mo.) 1899-1918, 1915-08-05

Flanders. Whether these should be
accounted successes for the allies IS
doubtful The British suffered enor-
nous losses and at Neuve Chapelle
bungled affairs to the extent OF she'll
ing their own men who had taken Ger
man trenches. In other cases they
left gallant little parties lodged in
enemy's trenches without supports to
be annihilated.
The next development was the I'M
expected use of poisonous gas fumes
by the Germans in attacks just north
of Ypres With this novel weapon
they succeeded In taking several small
villages and more than compromising
for the British gains south Of Ypres.
The losses Of the French, Canadians
and British were severe, but they sue
ceeded in stemming the German on
slaught effectively few miles back
from their former position.
Begin Series Of Attacks.
The German line makes a salient at
Scissors, though not such a pro-
nounced one as at st. Mihiel. The
French now began a series of at
tacks on the upper side Of this salient,
to the north of Arras. Expanding hun
dreds Of thousands OF shells, they time
and again blasted away the barbed
wire entanglements. and concrete
trenches, held by Crown Prince Rup-
precht of Bayarias men, and then
charged across the desolate ground for
slight gains.
The fighting eentered about the SUI
gar refinery of Souchez and the great
German work called the Labyrinth.
Fighting went on in cellars and tun-
nels below the earth and the casual
ties were heavy. The French bent the
German line and captured the LADY
rinth, but whether the gains justified
their sacrifice in human life is ques-
tionable
In July, Grown Prince Frederick
Williams army attacked in the Ar
gonne forest, west of Verdun, and
succeeded In gaining several hundred
yards of shattered woodland and cap.
turing several thousand Frenehmen.
There were rumors that the Ger
mans were reinforcing for another
great drive toward Calais or Paris,
but the TeutonIc campaign IN the
West continued 20 wait upon the
crushing OF the much weaker enemy
In Poland.
Mexico Missouri message. (Mexico, Audrain County, Mo.) 1899-1918, 1915-08-05

French were obliged to fall back rap
idly to the line of the River Marine,
On the left the French had with
drawn to below Paris and the western
most German army, under Won Kluek,
followed.
The garrison Of Paris was put In
thousands Of motor cars and hurled on
Won Kluck's flank. The latter was not
taken entirely unawares and met the
attack strongly, but at the same time
the army of General Foch attacked the
German army on Won Kluck's left and
drove 1t back.
Driven Back From Paris.
The Germans had begun the battle
with FIVE armies in line. The with
.drawal of the two farthest west now
caused the retreat of the third, fourth
and fifth in that order, each In turn
alnding its flank exposed by the with.
.drawal of the troops on its right, At
the same time the movement on the
east end of the German line was ac-
celebrated by strong attack from the
French fortified zone of Verdun.
The German retreat was as orderly
as that Of the French and English had
been. The invaders took up an ad-
mirable defensive position. It ran
just north of the Aisne river, on a
series of BLUFFS, then Just north of
Chalons and through the wooded,
rough regions of the Argonne and the
Woeyre, Joining hands here with the
troops besieging Verdun, The allies
have tried this line in vain ever since.
Both combatants now tried to turn
the west flank. Enormous bodies of
cavalry. On the part of the French
Flanders On the part Of the French
there was largely the desire to link up
with the Belgians, now being attacked
In Antwerp. The mighty siege guns
of the Germans made short work OF
the Belgian seaport. however, and 1t
fell on October 8. The remnants Of
the Belgian army retreated along the
sea coast and the Germans In final
rush reached Ostend October 15).
Line Extended to the Sea.
The battle line of the Aisne was now
extended to the sea, the Germans hold
ing the important French city Of Lille,
while the allies kept Ypres in Belgium
and, partly by flooding the lowlands,
held the position Of the User river and
canal.
REaa october 16 to November 10