davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
ANNUAL COMMENCEMENT
 AT ST. BERNARD COLLEGE

the Blessed Sacrament church. Birming- ham.
 Diplomas on the successful completion of the academic course were awarded to the following: John Anthony Mulrooney, Memphis Tenn: Benjamin Travers Mac worther, Hayneville Malcolm ]. Kaf- ferty, Pensacola. Fla: Ludwig Eiwanger, Culiman; Bernard Julius Clarke, Mont gomery; Robert Coplan Brown, Gadsden.
 The degree of master of accounts was conferred on the following: Christopher Francis Mayors. Nashville, Tenn; Henry Anthony Obering. West Blocton; George Andrew Weidner. Chattanooga, Tenn Aloysius Robert Schaller, St. Louis. Mo- Benjamin Alexander Holland, Nashville, Tenn: Gordon wythe Moughan. Birming- ham: Edward Aloysius Mackin, Birming- ham.
 The following wore recipients of gold medals for general deportment: St. Joseph's hall: oscar NJ. Israel West Blooton; St. Johns hall Benjamin T. Mac worther, Haynevlle; St. Aloysius' hall Ernest Eagan, Birmingham; St. Mary g hall Belton G. Waldrop. Jasper; ecclesi- astical department, Leonard J. White, Nashville. Tenn,
 The following received gold medals for the highest averages in their respective classes Freshman class. John A. Null rooney, Memphis. Tenn; Fourth academic, P Harold McGlynn, Montgomery, Third academic William A. Baldauf. Cullman; Second academic. Joseph H. Sikarski, An nistoh; First academic, Myron R. Ray
 mond, Birmingham Graduating class. commercial department. Christopher r. Mayors, Nashville. Tenn; third conner cial. Francis carau, Birmingham; second commercial, Stanilaus J. Hollock, Brook side: first commercial, Lamar J. Wright. Birmingham. The gold medal for the | best competitive examination in Christian doctrine was awarded to Henry A. Ober- ing. West Blocton. The Remington gold
 medals and certificates for excellence in typewriting were awarded to George A Weidner. Chattanooga, Tenn: speed T | words per mlni%e, and Aloysius R. Schal- Ter. St. Louis, Mo, speed 5s words per minute.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
New York Cotton Futures
Interior Cotton Market

New Orleans: Middling, e.2oc; receipts, 1l62; sales, SO; stock, 1s4,9os
 Galveston: Middling, 9.30c; receipts, SIS; sales. 2l9; stock, 201,S12.
 Mobile: Middling, SIS; receipts, 5; stock, 16,597.
 Savannah: Middling, Sc; receipts. 59S; sales. "A; stock, 69. 232.
 Charleston Middling. Sc; receipts PSI; stock, 56, 321.
 Wilmington: Receipts. 14s; stock, 4oS7. Norfolk: Receipts, 9c; receipts, 5l9; sales, 752; stock 54,4lS.
 Baltimore. Mddling, 9ssc; stock, 2lS2. Boston Middling, 9S5c; receipts, l4s; exports. 70 stock, 14,000.
 Philadelphia: Middling, 1oo5c; stock. 436S.
 New York. Mddling. s.soc; stock, PAS, 755. Minor ports: Stock, 2760S.
 Total today: Receipts, 3927; exports 10; stock, 924, ,369.
 Total for week: Receipts, 4S12l; exports, 576S4.
 Total for season: Receipts. lo,512,151, ex- ports, S,007,16l.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
STOnIE MARKET SHOWS DECLINE Dealing Yesterday Suggest ed a State of Suspended
 Animation

New York, June 17.-Dealings in stocks today suggested a state of suspended anil nation. the total output falling far below the average of the early days of the month. This condition may be ascribed largely to the absence of public interest. together with the increasing disinclina- tion of professional traders to renew oper- ations on a large scale pending the set clement, or at least a more definite out come of the international situation.
 Bethlehem Steel common and preferred receded materially, likewise Westing- house and a few others of the same group. Coppers and other metal were mildly reactionary. United States Steel was in steady demand. the common and preferred gaining a point each. Passing of the Chesapeake and Ohio dividend helped to weaken the list
 Although French and Italian exchanges continued to move further in favor of this country, the foreign exchange market as whole was not an element of importance (n the days developments.
 Bonds steady; total sales, par value, ss.oeo.o
 United States coupon fs declined S per cent on call.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
Hubbard Bros. & Co.'S Letter

New York, June 17.-(Special) market today continued very dull, with onlvo slight change in prices and with very little activity. Further heavy rains were reported in Oklahoma and in DOT tions of the Atlantic states and we can not consider these rains as favorable par ticularly in view of the lack of fertilizer this season which will make sappy plant susceptible to any succeeding hot weather. There appears to be little or m pressure from the south despite the generally bearish sentiment which pre- vails in the cotton trade. Advces from Liverpool report a rather better demand for goods in Manchester and the con- sumption of cotton for war purposes con tinues, although on what scale 1t is al- most impossible for the trade to discover as it is outside the ordinary channels of business.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
ANNISTON

Anniston, June 17.-(Special )rAt the in- stance of the Alabama League of Mu- inequalities, Ray Rushton, the well known. Montgomery attorney. Is revising the bill prepared last year by the league with the view of securing authority from the legislature to increaue the tax rate fin cities of the second class by vote of the citizens
 Mayor J. L. Wilxle and Alderman J. W. Mallory of this city who are members of the municipal league, stated Thurs oay that 1t Is hoped to get the measure through the legislature so as to facilitate the work of municipal government in the smaller cities of the state thls year The measure is of particular interest to An niston, Mayor Wikle stated Thursday. as without It's passage, making possible a higher tax rate and more revenue for the city of Anniston. this city will be con- fronted with grave difficulty in main talning its record as the only city in the state that shows surplus. instead of a deficit.
 Judge Thomas W. Coleman, Jr., of the city court of Anniston, has tentatively reached decision in the caseN of P F.
 Wharton. the well known Anniston attor- hey, who was tried last fall for disba r.
 ment on charge of alleged unprofes- sionai practices. While the decision is said 10 be pre1udcial to Attorney Whar- ton, It Will not be made public until the close of this term of court on June 2s.
 Much interest Is manifested in the case.
 At the meeting of the Business Men s
 league Wednesday afternoon. 1t was de-
 cided hereafter to hold halliday holi-
 day for the clerks in the city on Thurs day of each week fog the remainder of the summer, and for this purpose the stores have agreed to close The action was taken at the request of the woman s civic league.
 The officers and men of Company M, Fourth infantry, Alabama National Guard of Oxford, have been commanded by Capt. Arthur Harrison to report at their arm- ory Saturday at 3 o'clock preparatory to the encampment at Coldwater. The en- campment will last two days and an ap- propriate order of drills has been planned for the outing.
 E. P. Cooper, manager of the Central Foundry company plant here, who was severely injured by having a large piece of timber fall on his head fracturIne the skull. last Saturday fs able to be out. MT. Cooper in speaking of the ac- cident stated that June seems to be his fatal month. A few years ago brother Lovick Cooper, was seriously i'll in June His wife underwent serious opera tion
 In June three years ago. Two years ago his sister was thrown from buggy, dying in June a year later, and in JuVe this year he was badly hurt. On the contrary
 he says. he was born in June married
 in June and his first child was born in June.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
JACKSON, MISS.

Jackson. Mss June 16.-Secretary Shy der of the Kelley campaign committee, with headouarters in this city. says: We are not strong on making statements and campaign claims as to what we are going to do, nor are we talking much about what we have done, but when the smoke of battle clears away the night of August the results of MT. Reiey's campaign will be seen."
 MT. Kelley speaks at Meridian tonight, the night of June 25 he will address the citizens of Vicksburg and June 30 he VIII speak to the people of Jackson. Meantime he is filling appointments at numsrotss interior points, and everywhere he goes, according to his campaign managers, he is given an ovation by large audiences.
 Governor Brewer has for long time made the pardon of convicts conditional on their future observance of the laws of the state, but in the case of Riley Nor ris, young white man. he has designated the state of Texas as place of future resi- dence, saying. He shall leave this state and go to the state of Texas, or where his mother is. and shall live with and assist to the best of his ability in supporting her"
 Morris has given the penitentiary au- thorities quite a deal of trouble, having two escapes to his credit. He was about 1s years of age when he was convicted of burglary in Monroe county and sent up for five years. That was. in November. The following February, 1907, he escaped and was recaptured in October. 1909. In October, 1910, he again made his escape, and was lost sight of until November, 1911, when he was convicted of burglary in Pearl River county and sent back for another term before he had completed his first term. He came to town this morning from the Rankin farm, received will get off to Texas as soon as possible.
 The state board of health has passed an order to the effect that all drug stores where lunches are served must be well screened, just as hotels and restaurants are required to be. This rule appleis to all places where milk in any form Is sold and also requires that the straws used in soda water stands must be kept cov- cred.
 & M Yeates, farm demonstrator for Hinds county, has just made a tour of the western and central portion of the county, and states that never in his life has he seen such promising crops, especially of corn. A number of farmers who had planted clover last fall and turned it all under just before planting their corr have magnificent crops, an abundant sup | ply of humus having been secured and the ground is soft and pliable. Wherever crops have been worked according to gov ernment instructions the promise of ar abundant harvest Is most fiattering.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
GOOD UNDERTONE 0F COTTON MARKET Bullish Claims Made Con- corning Texas Acreage.
 Drop in Spot Prices

New Orleans, June 17.-Cotton moved over range of only to { points today, closing at net loss of to points. Sentiment was inclined to be bullish but that tendency was offset by claims of crop progress in the eastern belt and poor cables. Accounts of boil weevil damage and official reports of heavy rains in Oklahoma, where they are a detriment to the crop, caused only little buying. Bullish claims were made con cerning the Texas acreage, reports from spot houses in that state contending that more grain was planted, replacing cotton, than at first thought Against bulish influences in the afternoon was the drop in spot prices local quotations losing. IS points.
 While the market was dull, it preserved a good undertone and selling orders were fairly well received. On the other hand. support from the bull side was not suf- ficient to lift values.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
Produce Market

New York June 17.--Butter: Creamery, 409s. score e2, 2sA@2sttc; creamery, high CT, scoring 2s%G29isc; frsts, TQ27%o; seconds. 26lsp26tac. Eggs. irregular: re- coipts 20,5l9; fresh gathered extras, 22@ 2Sc; extra firsts, 2oisd2ic; firsts. 1sQ2oc; seconds, 17te6idS1hc. Cheese, steady re- ceipts s439; state whole milk fresh, flats and twins. specials. 14@14i4c: specials av- craze fancy. l3%o. Dressed poultry, quiet; prices unchanged.
 Chicago, June 17-Butter unchanged; eggs unchanged: receipts, 1925. Potatoes, lower; old, 37 cars; Michigan and Wis consn white, 3Oa35; new. 30 cars Texas sacked triumphs, 75m9oc; North Carolina cobblers, S275@3.
 St. Louis, June 17.--Poultry unchanged, except springs, el@2sc. Butter and eggs unchanged.
 Kansas City. June 17.-Butter, eggs and | poultry unchanged.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18

 Whitney, however, as the probable win ner.
 IT. Tutwiler lost his morning round to F. T. Clark of Nashville. five down and four to play. but in the afternoon round he defeated w. R. Tichenor of Atlanta in the first round in the de- feated eight second flight, three up and two to play, and Friday meets Milton Dargan, Jr, of Atlanta. in the ss holes semi-finals.
 w. Collier was defeated in the morn . ing round in the. second flight play by C. P. King of Atlanta, six down and four to go. He was also eliminated in the second flight defeated eight in the afternoon round, six down and four to play, by Clarence Knowles of Atlanta, A. M Throckmorton won both of his matches fin the third flight. In the morn : ing round, he defeated w.. F. Anderson
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18

St. Bernard. June 17.-(Special)-The twenty-third annual commencement of St. Bernard college took place Wednesday torium. large number of the clergy from this and the neighboring dioceses. and many parents and friends of the graduates and students were in attend ance.
 The closing exercises commenced last Sunday morning with the celebration of solemn high mass of thanksgiving by the Rev. Benedict. O.. S. B., chaplain of the college. assisted by the Revs. Aemi- Han, o. s. B., and Jerome, O. s. B., as deacon and subdeacon respectively. On Monday evening the formal closing of class work for the academic year took place. On Tuesday evening a drama. i'll four acts entitled "The Prophecy T. was presented by the members of the dramatic association. All the players who participated did well, but especially b. Justin, M. Acc, of Tuscaloosa, as
 Richard Percy, nephew of the Earl of Northumberland" Thomas Martin, M. Acc.s of Montgomery. as the old Earl of Northumberland" and Benjamin Hol- land, as Prior John," deserve special mention for the excellent interpretation of their difficult roles.
 On Wednesday morning at o'clock the exercises proper were held in the college auditorium. The exercises commenced with the musical selection Greeting by the college orchestra. The appearance of the college Glee club in 'The Glow Worm was greeted with prolonged applause. Bernard J. Clarke of Montgomery. grad uate in the academic department. well comed the assembled quests in few well chosen words, Christopher F. May CTS of Nashville, gold medalist and grad uate in the commercial department, was valedctorian.
 Dr. Turner Speaks
 The main feature of the day. however. was the annual address to the students by the Rev. Patrick Turner, pastor of
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
Fruits and Produce

Fruits and Produce Lemons-S40p4. .50 Limes-s1.50. Florida Oranges-S S3.o0dS.50. California Oranges-S3. .b0mS.1o. Pineapples-s2. 35@3.00 crate. New Apples-s1 50@2.o0 per hamper. Peanuts-5ia@611c per lb. Florida Tomatoes-$1. .50@S2.50. Mississippi Tomatoes-S4 basket Celery-Florida, per crate, s2.50; 75c tu S1 dozen.
 New Alabama Beans-Hamper. 50T75c New Potatoes-$1 per bu.; No. ?, 5C @75c per bushel.
 Egspiants-$2 to s2.50. Texas Onons-S@12 crate. Old Irish Potatses-S5c bushel. New Cabbag> -75cQ$1.25 per crate. Green Bear s-Hamper, 75cQ$1. London Layer Raisins-s. 75. California Figs-s1.50 per case. Asparagus-75c dozen. Huckleberries, 24-quart crate. s2I2. .50. Cherries-Per 24-quart crate, 8. Colorado Cantaloupes-Per crate. s3.50 Watermelons 40m50c. Cantaloupes-s2. 50Q3 30 per crate. Gooseberres-S2.5 per crate.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
Naval Stores

Savannah, Juno 17.-Turpentine firm, 41@41kc; sales. 442; receipts. 1929; shipments. none; stock, 26.13s. Resin firm; sales, 1484; receipts, 3279: ship ments, none: stock, 56.222. Quote: A, B. c, D, 9s.10@s15; E. $3.25sp 3.s5: F. $s.25@3.40; G, H, $3.35@3.40. I. $s40@3.50; K. $3.76@3.s0; M. $4.25; N. es.s5; we. $500; wv. ss.10.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
Bonds
Mercantile Paper

New York, June 17.-Mercantile papesg' s1td3% per cent Sterling exchange. 50 days, 4.74; demand. 476.60 cables, 4.77.10. Francs. demand. 5.461s; cables, 5.46. Marks, demand S21s: cables. s2A. Lires, demand. ;, bs5; cables. 5.941z. Rubles. demand, 39h 1; cables 39Ssc. Bar silver, 49lsc. Mexican dollars, 3Sc. Government bonds heavy. Railroad bonds steady. Time loans easy; 60 days, 2is per cent; 90 days 2i3d2& per cent; six months. 3 per cent. Call money steady; high. per cent; low, 1% per cent; ruling rate, 1% per cent; last loan, per cent; closing bid, 1s4 per cent Offered at { per cent.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
Port Cotton Market

Houston: Middling 920c; receipts, 1l4O; shipments, 2220; sales, 214 stock, 71,SS. Memphis: Middling, 9.12c. receipts, 25S; shipments, 124; sales, 400; stock, l04,l62
 Augusta: Midding, Sc; receipts, 2l9; shipments, 395; sales, 49l; stock, 92,63S.
 St. Louis: Middling. 9isc; receipts, @4; shipments 296; sales, 35; stock, 25,l
 Cincinnati: Receipts, 409; shipments. 296; sales, 8; stock, 25161.
 Little Rock: Middlng, Sc; receints, '; shipments, 5S7; sales, 5s7; stock. 13,7s2.
 Dallas: Middling, S.7Oc; sales,
 Total today: Receipts, 2S22; shipments, 4119: stock 329Sl9.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
I.iyerpoOl Market

Liverpool June 17.-Cotton, spot barely steady: good middling, 57od; middling' 5.sSd; low middling, 4.9Od; sales, l0Oo For spec cuia tii,5ii iiiaa export hnn: receipts, zs,- 400; futures quiet and steady; June, 52Sd; June and July, 5.23d; July and August, 5261kd; August and September. S.35d; Sep tember and october, 5.43d; October and November 5491ad; January and February, 5.641sd; March and April, 5.7212d; May and June. 579d.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
SUCCESS OF ALLIES
 DEPRESS WHEAT Corn Market COunterbal-
 ances the Weakness E of Wheat

Chicago. June 17-Rumors of important success for the British and French in their efforts to reopen the D9rdanelles did good deal today to make wheat average lower in price. The market closed un- settled at 7sale off to 1sc advance. Corn finished unchanged to 7sc higher: oats. sse down to 1-16c up. and provisions the same as last night to 15e decline
 Persistent buying on the part of houses with country connections more than coun- terbalaneed in the corn market the ef- feet of the weakness of wheat. Oats rallied with corn.
 Provisions ascended with hogs, but aft erward headed down grade
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
Bond Issue Carries

Jackson. Miss. June 17.-(speoial) The bond issue of t5o.ooo for taking over the state fair and running 1t as a Jackson and Mississippi enterprise car ried at today's special election by vote of s78 to S21, which is about a half of the registered vote of the city. This insures . state fair next fall.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
Bank of England Statement

London, June 1.-The weekly statement of the Bank of England shows the fol- lowing changes: Total reserve decreased s265O, O,000;N circulation decreased e2o60Oo; bullion decreased s2,S55.66s; other securi- ties increased e2.673,000. Other depsits increased e10,316.oO0; public deposits de- creased e10, 29,OOO; notes reserve decreased a26l3,O00; government securities un- changed. The proportion of the banks reserve to liability this week is 1s.5e per cent; last week it was 20So per cent Rate of discount, per cent.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
R.rk off France Statement

| Paris, June 17.-The weekly statement : of the Bank of France shows the fok lowing changes: Gold in hand increased 1,5s4,oO0 francs silver in hand decreased 1,256,000 francs; notes in circulation in- creased 27,917 900 francs; treasury deposits increased s7. .s09 900 francs; general depos- ato increased 91056.00O francs..- bills dis counted decreased s10.O0o francs: advances increased 1.444.00O francs
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
Hubbard Bros. & Co.

estten nIeresants Hs1coyter 1,tar SMSnSSss; MTcS 1 '. Mews Orleans Cotton. Exchange. Nov York Produce Exchange. Associate Members Liverpool Cotton Association;
 Orders eoIclfed for the pNrchaee and qale of Cotton and Cotton Seed Oil for 9qture delivery, Special attention ana Gpot cotton for delivery. Correspon0s
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
Dry Goods Market

New York, June 17.-Cotton goods quiet today. Yarns dull; mems wear from stock was sold more freely. Raw silk easier. Jobbers reported a moderate filling in business from the retail trade.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
Chicago Grain

Chicago. June 17--wheat, No. red. sl.l1ia: No. hard. H.16a1t6ts. Corn, No. ? yellow, 75i4d76A Rye No. g. s1.1+Q1.l5 Barley. 70174c. Timothy. s5d6.5o. Clover. ss 5od13bo Pork, s1s.75. Lard, ss.27. Ribs, S. .75dd10 25.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
Cotton Seed Oil

was lower under scattered liquidation and continued dullness in the consum- ing trade Final prices were to points net lower. Spot. 6.05 O 621c; June, 6.050e.20c; July, 6.20z 6.21c: August. 6.s7 @63 3sc; September, 6.52@e.63c; ,1c- tober. 6.54 O 6.56c; November. 6.51@ 6.5sc: December. 6.52@6.54c; January, C.51
 @6.57c. Total sales, 11.90o.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
NATIONAL LEAGUE
tcontinued From Page ssven.)

first run. Philadelphia scored on singles by Whitted and Niehaus. passed ball and an error by Herzog Score: R. H. E. Philadelphia .......... U0 oOi Uu-l 1,;,,ni,nati GOO GOO 011-2 9
 Batteries: Mayer and William Killifer. Toney and Clarke.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
New Orleans Cotton Futures
New Orleans Cotton

New Orleans. June 17-Spot cotton quiet, 13 points down. Sales on the spot, 80 bales. To arrive. none. Good ordinary. 724c; strict good ordinary, 7S0c; low mid- ding, s.34c strict low mddling, 8.SSc: mid ding, 925c; strict middling, 982c; strict good middlng. 10.19c; receipts, 1162 stock, 1S49 9O9.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
Enelish Money

London, June 17.-Bar silver. 23 B. -i6d eAr ounce Money, 1H@1% per cent, discount rates, short bills, 2% per cent; three months, 2B per cent.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
Sugar Market

New York, June 17.-Raw sugar steady centrifugal, 4.ssc; molasses. 4l2c; refined, ssriv foday. At noon prices were hold ine point higher to 2 lower
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
St. Louis Grain

St Louis. June l7.--wheat. No. ? red. N.ls; No. 2 hard nominal. July 9e%c. Corn, No. 2, 75c: No. white, 751aq76c. July. 7b4c. Oats, No. ?, 45isc; No. white. i9c; July, 42ho.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18

Summary: Seven innlnss by asreemeHt' Two-base hit Elwert, Three-base hits, Murray, Elwert Stolen bases, Jantzen, Starr Double plays Harkins to Harris to Elberfeld Caveny to Elberfed to liar ris; Baker to Starr to Covington. Hits ap- portioned, off Clarke hits with runs in one third inning, Harkins hits with runs in s 2-3 innings. Struck out. by Couchman 2, Harkins B. Bases on balls off Couchman l. Clarke 2, Harkins l. WSiu pitch Harkins Left on bases, Chatta- nooga 3, Little Rock B. Time, 1:So. Umpires Williams and Kerins
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
VETERAN PITCHER
 DEFEATS MEMPHIS
tContinued From Page seven)

tnattanoOSd ....,...t...-........ lVp q UuV--b Little Rock ..................... 041 200 00*-7
 Summary: Two base hits, Baker. El- vert Gibson, Graf. Three-base hits, Starr, Murray. Stolen base. Johnston. Sacrifice hits, Graf, Covington. Sacrifice fly, Jantzen Double play, Caveny to Har- rls. Hits, off HarlSins, with runs in 2-3 innings; East, hits with 3 runs in 4 innings. Struck out by East 1. Flncher B. Newton 1. Bases on balls off East G. Fincher 2, HarlSins 1, Newton 9 Wild pitch HarlSins. Hit batsmen, by Newton (Gribbens). Time 2:15. Empires kerin and Williams
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-06-18
Rudolph Defeated

St. Louis June 17.-St. Louis defeated the worlds champions, ? to o. here today, though Rudolph allowed but one hit until the seventh inning. In that inning, how ever. St. Louis made two runs on two singles. A base on balls and sacrifice hit. coupled with Smiths wild throw past first Score: R. H. E. Boston ...........--...... VW VW W. l St. Louis ..........,.% VW JUL " l
 Batteries: Rudolph and Gowdy; Robin son and Snyder.