davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New Britain herald., 1915-09-18
|lSlNDPROS
 n TSYRACUSE
|0f Grand Circuit Fea.
 by Fast Racing

by Fast Racing
 Sept. 18.-Both amateur
 olal drivers competed in
 1aces of the Grand Cir
 the State Fair track
 noon. ,,
 srjver by Garrison fur
 fst upset of the day in
 Minning three straight
 Finishing sixth in the
 4tine drove Cleverly and
 a to the wire by yards in
 hree final heats.
 siiegen had things all his
 ae 2:16 trot, winning in
 The 2.:10 trot pace with
 also furnished a sur-
 bless winning after
 md in the opening trial.
 division amateur 2:17
 nce for gentlemen driv-
 black gelding owned
 by Justice A. H. Seeger
 ok first honors in three
 zsonne outclassed the
 hcond division, George
 Cleveland, Ohio. driv-
 kht heat victory. Lady
 eu by the Lyndon Farm
 md driven by Ernest I.
 ttle free for all pace for
 Lad Ross B., with Don Fe only contender, captured r all trot. The summary: t amateur wagon race; ? d svis1on.
 6lz. g.. by Austral A. H.
 ....... l l X b.. $. GA. J. Forbush) 2 5 Finance, b. g. (E. J. ......... 2 4 2 gb g. (W. A. Hartman 8 5 3 Patchen b. m., (Mr. S& .'.. Eo. g. c. B. McCune)6 7 r @hi5nes. b. m. (Mr. ....... -. ......... { |2s17, 2:20 IA, 2:19 IA. |ot; amateur wagon race; 2 ontl division.
 ne br. g., by Brighton co. ing.) l l
 
 Gerarc b. c. (P. Loril- .) .................. ? 3 ok, b. m. (R. Harriman) 4 5 alk. s. tE. I. White) ....6 Belle b. m. (S. K. Bresee) '2:15 Id; 2:14 IA. ot; 3 in 5; purse $1,200: own, b. m. by the nan (Valentine) =. 6 1 1 1 D. IT,, by the Stor of n-Lizzie Bell Smith ay) l ? 2 ? S., blk. + :, 244 Hazel c. M. kerron (Shank) ....... ............ 3 3 3 b. h. (McDonald) A 8 8 3 c, b. m. (Wright) ..9 6 ttan b. n. (Cox) ...5 6 6 s 8, b. m. (Geers) ...S g ' 7 b. g. (McCarthy) - ' g r .2:0S15; 2:06 IA; 2:O6h. ot. in 5; purse $1200. Bingen. b. h.. (McDonald) Joy, h. l.. (Garrison) g ? 6 n Girl. b. m. (Jones) ..6 3 2 b. m. (Dickerson. .'..3 5 8 Speed, b. m. (Cox) A 4 5 Gregor (Redney) .....7 6 4 llini, b.s. (Dickerson) 5 2 d -2:11 1-4; 2:10 IA; 2:101a. ace; 5 in 3; purse $1,OOO: bless, b. m. by the -Queen Regents's .......... 2 1 1 i Mckinney (Rodney) 1 8 3 8 c. h. (Grossman) ...6 4 ? ? m. (Murphy) .....3 2 4 4 l, blk. m. (McPherson) 4 5 s 6 t blk. m. (Waln =. 5 67 5 lott, br. g. (Geers) J.. g 8 6 7 alker, b.. m. (Cox).. 7 7 d rtlna b. m (Garrison) 8 d -2:05 1-4; 2:03 1-4; 2:06k ,or all pace; amateurs to tor trophy; ? in 8. lon, b. Tn. by Direct Hal Wnlte) ..... ....... l l Margaret, b. m. c. R. IC) Z frisco, br. g. (H. F. Haas) 4 3 acuse, b. m. CT. S. Miller, 4 blk. g. (M. Me- -2:09 Ii; 2:05 IA. or all trot; amateurs to wa trophy; ? in 3.
 b. E. by Peronium c. R. Ie) ........... 1 1 or, br. z. (W. J. McDonaldO z z -a:l2Ia; 2:07 1-4. INDEFINITE. 'o, Sept. 1S.-Heine Thinner
New Britain herald., 1915-09-18
Braves Lose and Draw.

St. Louis, Sept. 1S.-The Cardinals dented the pennant aspirations of the Braves yesterday, by winning the first game of double header, to 0, and tying the second, ? to 2. Tn the seventh inning of the first game Bescher was safe on Maranville's tumble, Betzel sacrificed, Bescher stole third and Miller's single cctl- pleted the run. ,,. ..-.-- . --
 Recruit Boardman held the Braves to two hits atfer relieving Meadows in the fourth inning of the second game. The score:
New Britain herald., 1915-09-18

1-a; 2:05 IA. flor all trot; amateurs to wa F trophy; in 3. l, b. E. by Peronium c. R. |ne) 1 1 Dor, br. z. (W. J. McDonald) z z
 -2::l2 2:07 1-4.
New Britain herald., 1915-11-03
When Wives Were Sold,

When the war between Britain and France ended in 1915 many of the English soldiers found that their wives had married again in the belief that they were widows. The formal sell ing of the wife was regarded among the ignorant as a legal solution to the problem thus presented. and it is said that the authorities of the day deemed it best to shut their eyes at the gro ceeding. certain amount of formal- ity had to be observed. however. be fore the sale was considered legal even by the most ignorant. A Yorkshirs writer mentions two conditions which must be carried out to make a sat isfactory sale-the price of the wife must not be less than 1 shilling ,f24 cents). and she must be delivered to her purchaser with a new halter around her neck. The same writer re- cords the case of the woman who zeaF ously preserved the receipts for her self as a proof of responsibility.
New Britain herald., 1915-11-03

railway. while Europe, with a popula- tion of 455 LAY .673. reported but 212,o4l miles of railway.
 It would be impossible to compare freight and passenger car equipment of the present day with that of the early railroad period. While today the equipment of practically all railroads | of the country is more or less stand ardized. in the early days of railroad building passenger cars in particular were of any design that appealed to the maker. In other instances old stagecoaches were utilized. The pres ent equipment of the railroads o1 the United States is practically all modern. About four-fifths of the loco motives and freight cars now in use and about three-quarters of the pas senger cars have been purchased since 1900. An estimate of the cost of rail way equipment now in use by rail ways representing 245,624 miles is placed at $3,573, ,6S9. .3O0 Of the 2.304,- 267 freight cars in service in 1914 the average capacity was 3S.9 tons and the total capacity S9,784,SS3 tons More freight can be carried in one of the modern freight cars than was hauled in a freight train of twelve cars in the early days of railroading.
 Some idea of the growth of railroads may be gleaned from statistics of the New Haven railroad. There are in the
New Britain herald., 1915-11-03
THE COMET OF THE HARTFORD AND NEW HAVEN

tons. had cylinders 1e by 20 inches and four and one-half foot drivers. For many years it ran between Fitchburg and South Birmingham
 The Washington, Built by Griggs, 1854.
 An engine of somewhat different type and of later design was the Wash ington of the Boston and Providence This engine was built in the Roxbury shops of the company by G. S. Griggs, the roads master mechanic, who turn ed out many famous engines. This To- comotive was constructed in 1854 and for years made fast time over the line between Boston and Providence, now travelled by the New Haven's big Pa cifics and its limited trains. The Wash ington weighed twenty-four and three 20 and its driving wheels i've feet in diameter.
 Like many engines of this period, the Washington was what is known as "an inside connected engine,'' its main rods being between the frames and working on cranked axle joining the main driving wheels. This type is still fol- lowed by English engine builders It was discarded years ago by American builders. In this type the cylinders are placed below the smoke box.
 The Roger Williams, 1s4e.
 Marking the transition stage from To- comotives of the Governor Bradford type and those of a later period was the Roger Williams. This locomotive was built in Lowell. Mass, and was
New Britain herald., 1915-11-03

rebuilt and enlarged in 1S46. It then weighed twelve tons, had 13 by 16 inch cylinders and five foot drivers. To this locomotive fell the honor of pulling the first passenger train from Providence to Stonington in 1873 on the road, the New York, Providence and Boston, ven's shore line.
 The Daniel Mason, 1858.
 The Daniel Mason, for many years one of the most famous engines of the Boston and Providence, was another creation of Master Mechanic Griggs This engine was built in the Roxbury shops in 1858, weighed twenty-five and measuring 16 by 20 inches and four and one-half foot drivers. A con- spicuous feature of these engines was the running board, with its guard rails chiefly to permit the fireman to crawl forward while the locomotive was run ming and lubricate the cylinders and valves. Locomotives of this type fre- quently attained speed of sixty miles an hour. This locomotive continued in service until 1889. It was exhibited at the Worlds fair at Chicago and is now in the museum at Purdue univer- sity.
 The Mohegan of the W. and w. 1859.
 Engine No. of the old Norwich and Worcester road, now one of the New Haven's leased lines. was a type very common half a century ago and of which numbers are vet tO be Seen This locomotive, the Mohegan, was purchased of Samuel Hatch in 1859. It cost $S.0o0, an average price for To-
New Britain herald., 1915-11-03

country have increased in number iD ten years 146.7 per cent
 The average journey of each passen- ger on the railroads of the United States during 1914 was thirty-foui miles, which compares with an average journey of 26.54 miles in 1894, or an in. crease of 2S.1 per cent Each train car ried in 1914 an average of ifty-nin passengers, compared with forty-fout in 1894 There were L.032. .oS6.0 pas sengers carried on these railroads in 1914 and 540,6SS, 900 in 1894. an in- crease of 90.9 per cent, and there were 35. 129, ,269, 900 passengers carried one mile in 1914 as compared with 14.289.. 445,000 passengers carried one mile twenty years ago, an increase of 145Q per cent
 The number of locomotives in twep- ty years increased s1.5 per cent. while their weight increased 231.6 per cent The number of employees increased in the same period 117.9 per cent, and their compensation increased 212g per cent There were 691 employees per hundred miles of line fin 1914 and A in 1894, an increase of 56.1 per cent
 The present efficiency of American railroads and the low cost of the serv. ice may be seen from a comparison of the rates charged for hauling one ton of freight one mile In the UEited Kingdom this service costs 239 cents, in Germany. I.37 cents. France 1.3C cents, Russia 1.17 cents. Austria I.45 cents. while in the United States this service is performed for 7.29 mills, or $o.O0729. q
 As the people of the United States were the first to grasp the true signin- canoe of the discovery that steam could be utilized as a motive power, so they have been first fin every stage of rail- road development No European coun- try can boast of such efficient railroad service as that which is performed by the railroads of the United States nor of such low cost of operation. In three quarters of century the railroad man. agers of the country have taken a crude contrivance-the original loco motive-and have constructed out of that idea an efficient machine that h beyond comparison. \
New Britain herald., 1915-11-03
TIE NEW tAVEN3 LATEST ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE

comotives of that period. This engine weighed 50,360 pounds, had IA by p inch cylinders and four and one-half foot drivers. It made over fifty miles an hour at times.
 Tho Comet of the Hartford and New
 Haven.
 Fairly representative of the American style engine of the sixties was the en- zine Comet of the Hartford and New Haven. possessing among its features two domes, one for the whistle and one for the safety valve, and having its sand boxes curiously concealed in the wheel covers.
 The New Haven Engine of 1879.
 The Hercules of the New Haven road is more or less typical likewise of the locomotives of the early eighties, re- vealing. as compared with its proto- types, great increase in weight and in the size of the driving wheels. This To- comotive was built in the New Haven's s
New Britain herald., 1915-11-03

shops in 1879 and weighed 5,2OO pounds. Its driving wheels were sixty three inches in diameter. It was con- demned about 1897.
 Ono of the Early Consois, 1880.
 Size and power became increasingly evident In the locomotives turned out Tor these New England roads in the eighties, as shown, for example, in the consolidation engine Mo- 94 of the New York and New England. This type ap- pears but few steps behind the pres ent Built at the Hinckley works in Boston in 1880, the big locomotive re- veals the great strides made by the builders of the Governor Bradford in the decades that had intervened.
 Without the tender this engine weighed sixty tons. It had p by p inch cylinders and forty four inch driv- CTS. It was one of the biggest engines seen east of the Hudson and for years was used in the freight service be- tween Hartford and Hopewell Junc- tion. Big as this engine appears in comparison with the early ones, it would take about four such engines to equal the efficiency of the New Ha- ven's largest engines of today.
 Two Early Mosuls.
 The Mogul type of engine is repre- sented in the Capitol of the old Providence and Worcester road and also in engine 160 of the New York and New England. The latter was built at Providence in 1888 and weigh ed 127.OOO pounds. It's cylinders were 20 by "A and drivers sixty eight inc hes This locomotive hauled the famous
New Britain herald., 1915-11-03
Secondhand Engines and Cars.
@akXS;

Secondhand Engines and Cars.
 The Independent of June 21, 1915, asks. What becomes of all the old locomotives and railway cars and those that have outlived their usefulnessW And the paper replies: ''They are sold to small roads and to contra ctors, and the market for them is worldwide.
 When some one in India or Africa wishes to build and equip a railway cheaply and quickly he communicates with an agent in New York, and the rest is easy. There are a number of ment in this country. The advertise ments of their stock appear in the trade journals Negotiations are concluded quickly, and it is not long before a big tramp steamer loading at New York dock has consignment of hundreds of tons of railway cargo slowed in its hold to be unloaded at some port at the worlds end.
 When, some years ago. the motive power of the New York elevated lines was changed from steam to electricity there was sent out one of the largest lots of secondhand railway material ever put on the market-340 engines and 134 cars. So Americans travelling in strange places frequently encounter these old elevated engines. Some are in Africa some in India: they are scat tered all over South America. In Mex
New Britain herald., 1915-11-03

, tracks of the company over COG, 900 tons of steel in the rails, which Is TO- l 900 more tons than in all the battle
 ships owned by the United States gov
 ernment There are 2,223 bridges
 thirty one miles of bridges The num-
 Der of freight cars is 37.0OO, passenger cars 2,5OO. locomotives 1900. The freight cars run every day over 673,- 900 miles, while the passenger cars run 10000 miles an hour. There are 952 stations and about 36,O0O employ ees, receiving over $33. 100000 a year in wages. About 50OO0O persons are served every day by this one railroad. In 1914 there were 1.69S.s1S employ ees on the railroads of the United States. who received compensa ton amounting to $1.373. .O69.S11. or 45. 15 per cent of the gross earnings. In other words, of every dollar taken in by the railroads the employees get little over 45 cents Of all money paid out by the railroads for operating expenses the employees share amounted to 6251 Der cent
 The capital cost of the railroads of the country is 5.531 .e31. .376. or Se4,- 479 per mile. which compares with capital cost of European railroads of about $25.OOO, 100000. or s124.ooo Der mile. It cost nearly twice as much to build the European railroads as it did to build those in the United States, de- spite the higher cost of labor fin this country.
 There are 376.s97 stockholders of American railroad stock. of whom 2G :. 675 are stockholders of the New Ha- ven railroad. The stockholders of the
New Britain herald., 1915-11-03

ico they are used by mining companies that have their own branch lines rum ming to the government roads.
 "In Japan, when the emperor's troops started off for Manchuria at the time of the war with Russia, many of the troop trains were hauled by these small tan still painted on them. Some of these engines were used on the Mukden railroad in the war.
 ''These tiny locomotives cost $5,OOO apiece when new; secondhand they fetched from $2,6OO down. The cars were sold at from $4OO to $6OO each.
 Cars and engines that have been used on steam railroads of standard gauge bring much higher prices. Prac- tically no freight cars are shipped en- tire. although there is a good demand for passenger cars. The consumption of these castoffs of the big railroads is mostly among the logging roads of the country The railroad. as rule. clings more tenaciously to its cars than to its engines
 Present Railway Efficiency.
 With the development of the locomo- tive the progress in other departments of railroad transportation has naturally kept pace. While in 1S4O there were but 426h miles of completed railroad in the New England states. in 1914 there were 1922 single track miles in this section and 13,62S total miles of all track. In this respect the United States has far outstripped Europe in the build ing of railways. for with a census esti- mated population in 1914 of 9s,9 900, ,OS1 the United States had 245, 1894 miles of
New Britain herald., 1915-11-03

White Ghost passenger train on the New England between Boston and Wll- limantic and was the first large Mogul seen in New England. In 1890 it was sold to the Housatonc road and there after was used in the freight service.
 The New Haven's Giants of Today.
 Dwarfing even these large locomo- tives, however, are the New Haven's Pacific type engines, known as the 1900 series, the embodiment of power and efficiency and capable of tremen- dous speed if required.
 Compared with the fourteen and a
 half tons of the Governor Bradford, these leviathans of the rail weigh 154,- GOO pounds on the drivers and have total weight of 251 800 pounds (3S4. pounds, including tanks). The drivers, instead of being sixty inches in di- ameter, are seventy-three inches, and
 there are six of them instead of two
 The 12 by 20 inch cylinders of the
 Governor Bradford have grown into cylinders measuring 24 by 2S inches, and a further metamorphosis has been
 wrought in the addition of the super
 heater device by which steam is heat
 ed to a very high temperature, which
 adds 2o per cent to the power and fuel
 economy of the locomotive. These locomotives exert a tractive force of 37,6OO pounds.
 The New Haven's Latest Electric Lo- comotive.
 Typical of the new chapter of trans fn ioY, s-t soI tho q electrical science has brought about
 are the New Haven's latest electric To- comotlves used in hauling passenger aud freight trains in it's electric zone between New York and New Haven. Differing radically in appearance from l the latest steam leviathans, these cleo 1 tric locomotives have little about them ] to suggest the tremendous tractive force of which they are capable. "A 1 box on wheels" they might be called. | Yet these electric locomotives will haul an 500 ton passenger train at maxi
 mum speed of fifty-five miles an hour. l They will handle 1,5O0 ton freight trains at a maximum speed of thirty
 five miles an hour.
 But more than this these electric mo- tors can do. Unlike the steam locomo- ] tive 1t is possible to hitch two together | and operate them with one crew as a | single unit on what is called the multi pie unit plan, thus doubling the power. | Thus two of these locomotives operated | by one crew will haul 1.60O ton pas senger train at fifty-five miles an hour ', and 5000 ton freight train at thirty 1 five miles an hour
 Freight trains of this size, 5000 tons l being the trailing load. are, in fact,
 operated daily between the New Ha-
 ven's Harlem river terminal and New | Haven.
 1 These electric locomotives weigh no tons, 80 per cent of this weight being 1 directly on the four pairs of drivers. | The maximum tractive force they can | exert is 10000 pounds, 13,OOO pounds
 continuously. In this type of motor the
 current, having 11,OOO volts, passes l from the trolley wire through the pan l tagraph and by means of transformers 1 inside the cab is reduced to 600 volts
 and is then delivered to the motors.
 There are eight of these in all. ar
 ranged in four groups. These locomo- tives were built under the combined ! direction of the engineering forces of the New Haven and the Westinghouse l Electric and Manufacturing company.
New Britain herald., 1915-11-03
Granada.

Granada was at one time part or che Roman province of Roetia, but arter the Arab invasion it became an inde- pendent Moorish kingdom. It was the last possession of the Moors in Spain. who tearfully gave up their country to their conquerors. Ferdinand and Ia bella of Spain. in 1892.
New Britain herald., 1915-11-03
Not Aloud.

"Oh. dear" groaned the young wttA 'T don't know what to use to raise my bread! I've tried everything
 "A derrick and couple of jaeksTews ought to do it." thought her husband. but he didn't say 1t aloud-Philaoear phia Ledger.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-01-02
PRESS CLUB L. HAS IS
ANNUAL MEETING
Will Hold Banquet and Kangaroo
Court Sometime During
This Month.

The Capital City Press club held it's
annual meeting yesterday afternoon
in the Commercial Club rooms at
which time new officers were elected
for the ensuing year and arrangements
outlined for a program to be carried
out during the coming winter. -,
1t is the desire of the members to
furnish quarters for the club and visit
ing members of the profession this
winter, and in view Of this w. A. Stick
ley was appointed as a committee OF
to see what arrangements could
be made for securing convenient quar-
ters. ..
There will be a banquet and kanga-
roo court, some time this month In
order that all hungry mavericks may
be fattened and branded. The execu'
tive committee consisting of Messrs.
w. F. Gushing, Thomas Hall and Paul
w. Kieser, will have this in charge.
A committee of three on member.
ship vas appointed, they being: w. L.
Taylor, John Hawley and Wellington
Loysh.r f@
Officers elected were: President. II.
P. H.Knappen; Vice-president, w. +.
Cushing; Secretary, w. A. stickley;
Treasurer, Judge A. A. Bruce.
The meeting adjourned until Sun
day afternoon at 3 o'clock when an
o'her session will be held at the Com.
mercial Club rooms. All members of
the profession are invited to be pres.
ent.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-01-02

Geneva, Switzerland, Jan. IA dis
patch under a Paris date to the Jour
nal Degeneve of Geneva, Switzerland
to the effect that Germany was will
ing in September to conclude a sep
arate peace with France, ELECTED to
day a categorical denial from the
Norddeutsche Allgemeine zeitung,
The report is to the effect that the
basis of peace was to be the restitu'
ton Of Alsace-Lorraine to France and
the acquisition Of Belgium BY Ger
many. .~'"F' ~@'
Never Thought Of Peace.
The Zeitung declares Germany lev
er thought of restoring Alsace-Lor
raine to France. An official press blu
reau said today that reports have
been received from Madrid, stating
that Tangier again is Threatened by
the Moorish rebels and that the
French lost over 400 men and many
officers in fighting in Morocco. An.
other news item given out by the Off
cial press bureau today says:
AT a meeting Of the Hamburg
chamber CT commerce. the chairman
dwelt upon the remarkable adaptable
ity Of the. German economic life to
war. This, he said, created great
confidence. He said the Reichsbank
had done excellent work during the
war and that the railways had shown