davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1915-01-10
SECRETS OF WAR WILL OUT

spy system, the secret service" or the
Information service" of the principal
European governments. as well as of
the private armament makers of the
whole world. is excellent. but this how
itzer matter seems to have been kept
from them, Notwithstanding the fact
that thousands of men must have come
in association in some way with those
giant weapons.
But there is no gun, howitZer or NOR.
tar that can be built by the Krupps
that cannot be built in England, in
France or in the United States. And
probably as soon as the allies were un-
pleasantly appraised that a sixteen-
inch howitzer could be handled in the
field and that they were effective for
certain purposes France and England
proceeded to build them. 1t Is prob
able that they have constructed weap-
ons of larger caliber than this which
1t is their plan to use when they begin
their offensive campaign.
Another factor may be that probably
one or number of those giant how
itzers have. in the changing fortunes
of war, fallen into possession of the
allies and simplified the work of dupli.
eating them or improving on them.
Lie SeSietS VI the Zeppelin must now
be common property among the allies.
Last summer one of these rigid airships-
because of some mishap, landed ON
French soil and was detained pending
an official inquiry by the French into
the affair. and there Aeemed to have been
something like a spasm in German OFF,
cial quarters which was interpreted as
being due to fear that the secrets of the
Zeppelin had been learned by the French
Whether they were or were not is. of
course. not known outside of official
circles. but the French seem to have
been Indifferent to them and to have held
to their theory that the light fast
flying and high-fiying areoplane prom
ised the more effective military service.
But If the allies now see any very great
usefulness of the Zeppelin to them they
can build this dirigible. The news has
come, and there is no reason to doubt
its accuracy, that in the eastern cam
paign the Russians have captured one
of these monsters of the air. 1t was
brought to earth by gunfre. and it and
its secrets fell into the hands OF it's
enemies
War secrets do not keep.
Evening star., 1915-01-10

which are owned by the Rothschilds.
The most important copper deposits lie in
the Province of Huelva, in the south of
Spain.
Germany wants copper very badly, but
with her ports blockaded and with copper
included by the allies in the list of con-
traband articles she cannot count on get
ting any from Spain.
The exports of copper bars from Spain
amount to 100000 tons annually, while
refined copper approximates $4,000 tons
Zinc and lead are less important to Ger
many, although in some years she has
drawn on the Spanish supply. The zinc
exports are about 100000 tons annually.
Pig lead approXimates 100000 tons.
Spain suffers some interruption in her
food supplies, since her wheat production
is not sufficient for the consumption of her
people and heretofore she has drawn most
of this wheat from Russia The impor-
tations are varied according to the do
mestic wheat crop, but in 1913 the inn
portations of wheat from Russia exceed
ed 100000 tons, while there were also
few thousand tons from Roumania.
The deficiency caused by shutting off Of
Evening star., 1915-01-10

masters of the Mediterranean, and the
Balearic Islands are in no danger Of
German occupation.
BY remaining neutral Spain imperils
very little of her foreign trade. 1t
happens that the natural resources
which one belligerent was drawing
upon can be utilized by other bellig
erents. These resources are her min
erals-iron ore and pyrites, copper.
lead and zinc. Germany is the sufferer.
ore in sight in the Bilbao district. In
past years Germany has drawn on
these ore fields for her iron and steel
industries in quantities ranging from
100000 tons to 3,5O0,000 tons annu-
ally England has taken from 100000
to 100000 tons. The quantity abb
sorbed by the rest of the world has
been small, since the total exports
rarely exceeded 100000 tons.
The krupp works at Essen have been
Evening star., 1915-01-10

lines from Mediterranean ports, includ-
ing the German ones, called at BARGE
Iona. Nevertheless, the Spanish trans
atlantic lines more than held their own,
and the bulk of the trade between
Spain and the South American ports
was carried in Spanish bottoms.
Out of about thirty-four hundred steel
vessels, with an aggregate tonnage of
100000 tons, entering the port OF
Barcelona in a recent year, more than
2,4O0 were Spanish, with tonnage of
100000 tons. About the same pro-
portion would be shown at Vigo and
Coruna.
The emigrant traffic is an important
element to the shipping companies and
Spanish emigrants show a very marked
preference for vessels under the flag
Evening star., 1915-01-10

dustry. Nearly all the 500 cotton mills
in Spain are in this district, which in
cludes not only the big mills, but very
large number of small factories.
Raw cotton for these industries is OBJ
tained from the United States, which sup
plies on an average rs per cent of the
amounted to $4,000 tons Egypt supplied
less than 1000 tons.
There has been no interruption of
cotton shipments from the United
States to Barcelona, so the Catalonian
industries have been able to secure all
the raw cotton they needed. In Decem-
ber cargoes went from Galveston di-
rect to Barcelona.
The United States has contributed di-
rectly to the industrial life of Bar
celona. The syndicate, headed by Dr.
F. S. Pearson, which established i'm
portant public utilities in Mexico and
South America followed up it's Span
ish-American enterprises by purely
Spanish one. A light and power COM
pany secured very extensive conces-
sions. and already several million dol
lars have been spent in the project, and
Barcelona has had the benefit of
American methods in providing power
for it's industries.
Spains opportunity in the neutral
only by her restricted manufacturing
facilities. Outside of the textile indus
try there are few manufactured prod
ucts heretofore supplied by Germany
and Belgium which Spain can furnish.
Evening star., 1915-01-10

other than the Krupps have obtained
their Bilbao ore without becoming
actual owners of the ore fields. Some
of them have bought from the Eng
lish producers.
Cardiff, marlborough and Manchester
are all represented in the British control
of the Spanish iron ore fields. Practically
all the great English companies have an
interest in these ore fields. With the ac-
tivity in England in war shipbuilding and
in manufacturing war munitions the Eng
lish companies will be likely to increase
their demand on Bilbao, SO that as a whole
the export of iron ore from Spain will not
be materially lessened.
The copper deposits in Spain have been
best known through the Rio Tinto mines
Evening star., 1915-01-10

might view with equanimity the Cata-
lonian cotton mills taking advantage
of the opportunity to get business here
tofore controlled by the belligerents
The United States would at least indi-
rect1y receive some benefit, since the
bulk of the raw cotton would come
from this country.
Viewing the trade field as whole,
the United States has every reason Tor
wishing Spain well in her policy of
neutrality Any gain which Spain may
make in the South American market
will not be at the expense of this coun-
try There Is also the opportunity for
American manufacturers to supply the
Spanish market with many of the com
niodities that heretofore have been
supplied by Germany.
Evening star., 1915-01-10
MULES UNABLE TO UNDERSTAND NEUTRALITY
rre.pondence Of The Star.
LAUSANNE, Switzerland,


Special Correspondence of The star
LAUSANNE, Switzerland,
December 81, 1914.
I'M 'asH '7sli's ssa. 'ssS','-aa sa.na.,, 1So
the Valais to the Quartermaster SER
geant of the Eaud. responsible for
damages TO wagon train and canton
mcnt material
"Brigadier,'' he said, lit is revenge
The mules in question rolled and
ha--hawed in accents of grief and
mourning They were not big mules,
but little wiry fellows of the noun
tains-pony- mules, some call them
reauisitioned for the Swiss army on
the edge of Alsace.
"One would say they had PAIN, oo-
served the chaplain.
IT'S hysteria," claimed the marechal-
des-logis.
Il call it nostalgia" spoke up the
ouartermaster sergeant. They desire
TO go home. That is why they kicked
the door down..
The scene is a snug farming coun-
try, barns new painted, flowers in cot
tage windows. chickens running the
highroadS and farmer in the dis
tance, carting hogshead of water.
Amid this peace and plenty, add cam
tonment of the Swiss army-trenches.
artillery, machine guns, field telephone
Draw an imaginary line. Beyond, III
the same landscape, 1T is desolation,
devastation, burned farms. blackened
ruins 1t is war. 1t is Alsace- The
French, Swiss and German frontiers
meet in a meadow, at typographical
point No. sos. Boom. The farmer and
his cart are splashed with mud. Quick.
he unhitches, to save his horse. Boom!
close shot, The German long-range
guns are bombarding the hogshead of
water for French howitzer.
1t costs Switzerland 100000 per day
and 100000 men to guard her tguaran-
tced neutrality and independence
scrap of paper. She hates war. Her
motto is little rhyming verse:
while cursing war, I guard my from
tier Otherwise, it would be her turn
next, after that of Luxembourg and
Belgium. The men are kept from their
work, families are hard up, business
istagnates and the very horses and
Evening star., 1915-01-10

Commerce has flower in and out OF san
tander, Nigo, Coruna and the other At
lantic ports with little interruption
The Mediterranean shore line from Gil
braltar to Barcelona has offered more
possibility of contention: but the Brit
ish naval base at Gibraltar has in itself
been a source of protection to Spain.
English controversial writers have
declared that it was part of Germany's
program to occupy the Balearic Is
lands, Majorica and Minorca. in the
Mediterranean, somewhat as they have
occupied Luxembourg, regardless of
neutrality. They are as much a part
of Spain as is the mainland.
Whether the occupation of these is
lands was part of the German naval
program or not may be left to future
disclosures to determine. If it was
contemplated. the plan failed, and the
French and British squadrons, al
though they let the Breslau and the
Goeben get away from them. are now
Evening star., 1915-01-10

Yet there is the basis for an increased
commerce growing out of the disloca-
ton of the trade of all the belligerents,
and there is the additional basis of u
common language for all the countries
except Brazil. of steady stream of
emigration, of intimate financial con-
nections and of excellent shipping IA
cilities
Some of the English, French and
German lines in the South American
trade were in the habit of touching at
the Atlantic ports, while several of the
Evening star., 1915-01-10

among the largest consumers of this
Bilbao ore. The Krupps owned their
own ore fields and established their
own local industries IN Spain. If the
war is long drawn out the krupp
works may feel the loss of ore from
their Spanish mines. and the manu-
facture of the heavy siege guns that
have astounded the world and other
ordnance may be restricted because of
the lack of supplies of raw material.
German iron and steel industries
Evening star., 1915-01-10
THEATER AT BILBAO.

very decidedly in favor of Spain. I'm
ports from Argentina in the last year
for which statistics are available were
$7,00O,0O0. while the exports exceeded
$12,00O,OOO The imports were mostly
of foodstuffs, and the exports were
textiles and wines and olive oil.
Uruguay, which geographically Is the
gateway to Argentina, has not very
large Spanish population, but the trade
is about $3,5O0,000 annually. Uruguay
sends considerable quantities of jerked
beef to Spain.
Brazil has relatively a very small
Spanish population, and the trade is
proportionateiy small. Spain takes
less than 81 100000 from Brazil, chiefly
coffee, and sends in return products to
the value of 81 100000.
Evening star., 1915-01-10
BY CHARLES M. PEPPER.

~ PAINS unobtrusive neutrality is
~ one of the features of the world
M war Dynastic reasons-the mar
W riage of King Alfonso with a
member of the British royal
ramily-would seem to insure a lean
ing to England. Neighborhood rela :
tions and racial affinity to which the
Pyrenees are no barrier would appear
TO assure France a sympathetic atti-
tude-
These do have their influence. and
spain is unquestionably sympathetic to
the cause of the allies: but her peo-
pie have shown no disposition to be
drawn into the whirlpool. and her
statesmen have been enabled to follow
a neutral course without popular pres
sure driving them forward to belliger-
ency.
The allies doubtless, are well enough
Evening star., 1915-01-10
Spain's Unobtrusive Neutrality a Va

Allies Not Draw Her Into the Whirlpool WNo
Trade Industry
Blboa Iron Source
Imports Offers Opportunities
South
Evening star., 1915-01-10

upset the cookstove. "Incendiaries,
clamored the farmer.
for One semsfpids w9nld say they we're hunting
chaplain. They have broken into the
milkhouse," cried the farmers wife,
outside. TT is depravity," laughed the
lieutenant. my, officers, know their
system" said the quartermaster ser
geant; they will make themselves
odious until the colonel sends them
home. Last night they bit an entire
corner out of their manger. Their
teeth marks are all over the wood, and
job"
1t was the eating of their hangers
that called public attention to the
mules of Sion. The farmer wanted
$50, and it got into the papers.
'They are capricious animals" said
the Basler Nachrichten, but useful
We see no antimilitarist manifestation
in this"
The Lausane Gazette, on the other
hand, made significant illusions to the
indomitable independence of our hardy
mountaineers, amenable to their con-
sciences only, refractory to the red
tape of bureaucracy and the gold lace
of saber trainers; innocent, confident,
unsuspicious of ill, but reused to fury
once their generous confidence has been
betrayed.
Meanwhile an entire manger had
passed, at Point No. SOC, and the farmer
compromised on SIS. A new manger
was lined with sheet iron. The mules
left the sheet iron, but got away with
the juicy pinewood in a single rainy
afternoon. Price to the Swiss army,
$22.
The veterinaries could make nothing
of it, nor the dragons, nor the news
paper editors. But a peasant, a griz-
zled Sedunois, expert in mules, sug-
gested, one day, to the chaplain that
in the mountains it is the habit to
give regular rations of salt to native
mules, just like the little cows of
Herens.
Now. in military SERVICE" said the
peasant, mules receive but oats and
hay, and l suspect it may well be that
the poor beasts, instead of having
hearts of black revolt, are troubled in
their nerves by craving salt"
Thus, at least, the chaplain put it to
the quartermaster sergeant, who made
note of it on the margin of his bill
for managers.
II should add" concluded his report,
that since the addition of managers
to their diet, the caprices attributed to
mania, hysteria, melancholia or home
sickness have disappeared. The mules
seem pacified. l suggest that the COM
missariat furnish SALT
1t was up to the commissariat, be-
Evening star., 1915-01-10

mules are requisitioned from the farm.
Crash. Is it shell?
NO, my lieutenant, it's those mules
of Sion sma shing the lettuce sashes."
For twenty miles up and down the
line the escapades of the little noun
tain mules were a moral. ReQuisitioned
from lone Alpine communities, where
they formed part of the family, the
mule William Tells appeared to de-
Evening star., 1915-01-10

geant "They ate half the bar of their
stable door. The farmer claims $3.50.
1t was brand-new birch wood"
The farmers wife invaded the Off
GERS mess Your mules have eaten
my pies!" Her daughter. a fine, big
girl. with cheeks of milk and roses.
showed a pair of her silk stockings
with the feet bitten off. The mules
had forced the kitchen door and nearly
Evening star., 1915-01-10
PLAZA AND HARBoR OF BARCELONA.

-HE secrets of war will out. Diff
ficuIt as it is to preserve secrecy
u in laboratory, gunshop, proving
ground, arsenal or garrison concerning
any new implement or improved device
for war, the difficulty is apt TO pecoine
insuperable as soon as. or very soon a1ter.
that invention or Improvement mas peen
submitted to the supreme test OF ac-
tual use in the field.
Germany began the war with several
surprises. One of these was the forty
two-centimeter howitZer. That this
surprise" really surprised the armies
of the nations at war with Germany
was in itself one of the surprises OF
the war and one of the surprises of the
years. When the news came that six
teen-inch howitzers were being hauled
around with field armies. American mil
itary men were incredulous. Many of
them believed that the stories had been
circulated by the Germans for the moral
effect they would have. and that So
called sixteen-inch howitzers were real
ly none other than the eleven-inch
howitzers which for several years had
been built at the Skoda works of the
Austrians, the Krupp works at Essen
and the ScHnelueF WOThS at STeuSOI,
France.
The military world. or at least the
ordnance world, was perfectly familiar
with those weapons and knew all the
interior and exterior ballistic data con-
cerning them. They were considered the
last word in artillery that could accom-
pany a mobile army. Pictures purport-
ing to be photographs Of the sixteen
inch marvels were published, but ex-
perts identified them as pictures of the
eleven-inch siege howitzers." So much
cumulative evidence from diverse
sources has come to America that six
teen-inch howitzers are in use by the
German armies and have been almost
from the beginning Of hostilities that
it is now pretty generally conceded that
sixteen-inch howitZers are fact. and
that they are being hauled from place
to place.
The secrecy with which these wea
pons were designed, built. tested, kept
in readiness, and thousands Of tons of
ammunition manufactured for them Is
one of the many impressive tributes to
the thoroughness and leaklessness of
Evening star., 1915-01-10

THE MULES OF SION.
spise officers in uniform, detest the
lowlands and be disgusted with dis
ciplined service.
"They kicked the wheels off the
cartridge caisson," said the corporal.
"The captains shirt was on a bush.
It's gone," contributed the marechal-
des-logis.
"They attempted to escape last
night added the quartermaster ser
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-01-01
w. 0. w. CAMPS TO
INSTALL JOINTLY

W. o. W Interurban Promotion club
has arranged Tor "A joint installation
OF the officers OF Fidelity, Harmony
and Linden camps Of South Bend. EE-
terprise camp Of AIishawaka and camp
at Lydick for Monday night, Jan 4.
i'm hall of Fidelity camp No. IS. on
r. Jefferson blvd
Dan Pyle will act as chairman OF
the evening. Stuart Mackibbin viii
act as installing officer. and Herbert
Perucker. installing escort. The pro-
gram will include numbers by the
Lyrick quartet. Mr.. and Mrs. Hatfield
OF Goshen. Miss Bessie Arbor and ~ s.
Laura Hagey. Refreshments viii De
served and dancing viii follow from
10 20 Il o'clock. Music viii be fur
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-01-01
Household Economy
How 40 Have the Best Courh
Ren-edy and Save e. by
Making IL Mt Home

Cough medicines, as a rule contain a
large quantity OF plain syrup. 4 pint of
graduated sugar with p pint OF warm
water, stirred for ? minutes, gives YOU
as good syrup a money can buy.
Then get from your druggist 215 ounces
Plnex 600 cents WORTH pour into a pint
bottle and fill the bottle with sugar
syrup. This gives YOU, at a cost of only
"a cents. full pint of really better cough
syrup than YOU could buy ready made for
S2.5O-a clear saving of nearly s.. Full
directions with Pinex. 1t keeps perfectly
and tastes good.
1t takes hold of the usual cough OF
chest cold at once and conGuers it in "a
hours. Splendid for whOoping cough
bronchitis and winter coughs.
It's truly astonishing how quickly il
loosens the dry, hoaTse or tight cough
and heals and sOOthes the inhamed mem
branes in the case of a painful cough
IT also stops the formation of phlegm in
the throat and bronchial tubes, thus end
ing the persistent loose cough.
Pinex is a highly concentrated com
pound OF genuine Norway pine extract
combined with guaiacOl. and has beer
used Tor generations To heal inAamel
membranes Of the throat and chest
To avoid disappointment. ask You,
druggist Tor - = ounces OF PineX." an,
don't accept ANYTHING else. A guarante,
OF absolute satisfaction. or money prompt
~ refunded. goes with this preparation
He blnpN Co. ~. N""nP. Ind.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-01-01
AT THE SURPRISE.


The District Attorneys Brother is
the title of two reel subject
shown at the Surprise today which
tells the story of a brothers sacrifice
for another. Falsely accused OF a
crime, Frank is sent TO prison 10 pro-
tect his worthless brother Upon his
release he arrives in a court room
scene just in time to save the day for
his brother, and in the end secures the
happy reward to which he is entitled.
Our Mutual Girl will please the
ladies today with her selection Of up
to-date millinery and the plot of the
story is advanced by her thrilling ex-
periences in a haunted house.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-01-01
At THE IASAIJE-

The motion picture has made anoth-
er notable conquest of one of the
greatest favOrites of the legitimate
stage-May Irwin. This eminent
Coincidence recently consented to por-
tray her most popular impersOnation,
that of the title character of her ia
nous success. Mrs. Black is Back"
on the screen for the Famous Players
Film Co. released on the Paramount
program; and the five reel film pro-
duction of that subject with the cele-
brated star, is now being shown at the
LaSalle, today. Successful stage
comedies cannot always be converted
into meritoriOus film productions, but
Mrs. Black is Back" is an ideal sub
ject because the greatest humOr of
the comedy lies in the sit aliOns Of>the
play, and also because Nay Irwin S
recognized talent for facial expression
and humorous pantOmimic work is eff
fectively displayed on the screen.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-01-01

goers in those two cities bear testimo-
ny to the fact that in Under Cover
Mr.. Megrue has given the stage one
of the most absorbing detective stories
IL has had in many years. According
To competent metropolitan critics
there is "A constant succession OF sur
prises in the development of the plot
and the audience is kept at tense in
terest from beginning TO end. SeIwyn
X Company, the firm which gave
Within the Law" 10 the stage is also
sponsor for Under Cover" and this
new success will be the attraction at
the Oliver Saturday, matinee and
night
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-01-01
AT THE MAJESTIC.

With a rollicking Irish comedy,
'Duffy's Revenge" the Majestic mu-
steal comedy company is entertaining
for the last half of the week. The play
let is described as a melOdrama with
musical trimmings. The latter include
many singing and dancing specialties.
LOra Lorraine has a typical Irish song
entitled Bridget Malone" while Eddy
Burns sings Sallad of the Emerald
isle, Name" Eddy Burns presents
Safety First" and Lou Mathews sings
The Base Ball Rag" Helen Durfor,
a new member of the company intro
duces Irish jigs, reels and clog dane
ing. Extra performances will be
given today and the bill is sure to
please holiday pleasure seekers.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-01-01

of War" Will he shown 81 the Colonial
today with many realistic scenes on
the battle field OF Europe and includ-
ing a thrilling dash across the enemy
lines in an aeTOplane. Other comedies
and dramas are shown making a pro-
gram OF seven interesting reels. Be
ginning sunday the Mutual service will
be featured at the Colonial displaying
new releases of late popular produc-
tons