davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1915-09-24

Editor, e. o. Diffendal, Westminster.
Md.
Managing Editor, <, o. Diffendal,
Westminster, Md.
Business Manager, E. O. Diffendal,
Westminster, Md.
Publisher, The Democratic Advocate
Co., Westminster. Md.
STOCKHOLDERS
Mrs. William HI. Vanderford, West
minister, Md.
Lee G. Lester, Westminster, Nd,
Carrier No. 4.
Joshua w. Herring Estate, Westmin-
ster, Md.
James II. Billingslea, Westminster,
George W. Albaugh, Westminster,
Md.
George M. Parke, Westminster, Md.
David P. Smelser, New Windsor, Md.
Charles r. Foutz, Westminster, Nd.
Annie Kerr Spaulding, care of Jas.
f. Billingslea, Westminster, Md.
Mary Z. Vanderford, Westminster,
Md.
G. W. Frizzell, 1900 Mosher st., Bal
timore, Nd.
James iii. Billingslea, Trustee OF Co.,
Westminster, Md.
Ella G. Simpson, Westminster, Nd.
John J. Rose, Westminster, Md.
Francis Neal PArke, Westminster,
Nd.
]. Oliver Snyder, Hampstead, Md.
Mrs. Catherine 2. Herring, Westmins-
ter, Nd.
Ella T.. Albaugh, Westminster, Md.
Ira 2. Grouse, Westminster, Nd.
Helen s. Grouse, 1927 s. 60th st.,
Philadelphia, Pa.
Mrs. Carrie E. Grouse, 1O15 Fillmore
St, Lynchburg, va.
Edward O. Weant, Westminster, Md
John J. Stewart, Westminster, Md.
Known bondholders, mortgages. and
other security holders holding | pei
cent or more Of total amount of bonds,
mortgages, or other securities: Iii
there are none, 50 state). None.
2. O. DIFFENDAL, Manager.
Sworn to and subscribed before me
this 24th day of September, 1915.
THEO. F. BROWN.
Justice Of the Peace.
My Commission expires the first Mon
day in May, 1916.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1915-09-24
GIRLS LOSE JOBS BY NEW BOOB
LAW PASSED in PENNSY
Girls and Women Can Only Work SIX
Days at any Work at ALI.

Days at any Work mt ALI.
Thousands Of girls will lose posi-
tons In the State OF PENNSYLVANIA
and by fool law of the fanatic
brand.
In On opinion given to the depart
ment Of labor and industry Attorney
General Brown holds that women
may not be employed as telegraphers
and telephone operators more than
SIX days q week even though the
work be very light. The opinion II
very positive in its language.
ID replying to a communication he
says: The Get provides, ia unmis-
taxable terms, i'm section 8, No fe-
male shall be employed or permitted
to work In, or I'm connection with.
any establishment for more than six
days in any one week. ETC., and We
are not permitted to deviate from tie
plain letter Of the statute.
me appeal for relief, IL desired
should be made to the legislature.
Ia the communication submitted to
the encouragement letters from two
telephone and telegraph operators of
the Pennsylvania r. r. were enclosed
saving that this provision would
close this line on work To women. /"
The officials declare that the inter-
probation Of the law heretofore has
Deen liberal but the department ~
unable to make any other interpre-
tation than the above.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1915-09-24
The New Schedule.

On Sunday the M. NJ. r., put into
effect its winter schedule. The time
OF the running OF trains - about
the same as last winter.
The new schedule is as follows:
Trains West-Fast mail, SIT a. m,
Accommodation, $50 a. M, Express
11.H a. M, Accommodation 3.43 D. M,
Express BIG y. m, Accommodation
AZ p. M
Trains INSTRUMENTATION Sig
a. m, Accommodation 706 a. m, Elk
press 9.13 a. M, Accommodation Ala
p. m, Express 5.3S D. m, Accommo-
dation 6.34 D. I'M.
The Sunday schedule is the same
except that the evening train ar
rives at 825.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1915-09-24
STATEHOOD.
Formerly Gambler, MechanicsviIle and
PlelSantYille.


PleaSantville.
The meeting held in the hall Sat
urday evening to nominate three
delegates for the new movement To
give this town new name was very
interesting. The delegates elected
we're Mr.. Thomas Flater, Mr.. Charles
w. Lockard and Mr. John II. Hill, Jr.
r. Lester s. Patterson was elected
Chairman and Mr.. Charles w. Lock
ard. secretary. The committee agreed
70 give the public until Saturday ev-
en.ng, September %, the privilege 81
selecting new name for this town
md It is talked on the streets and In
the stores to give this beautiful lit
he town the name Of Statewood.
30 it is the opinion Of the writer
that this village will awake On sun.
day morning, September 26, with the
brand new name Of Statewood.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1915-09-24
PLEASANT VALLEY.

Our public school re-opened on
Mnnday last with about 81 pupils
The teachers are Miss Mary Weagiy
principal, and Miss LII an Zahh, as
sistant. both Of " estminster-
Miss Bernetta Myers returned
home after spending a few weeks III
Baltimore.
Miss Mildred Devilbiss spent sev-
eraI DAYS last week in Baltimore.
Sunday school this Sunday az Y "A
m Harvest home service at ~, Dy
Fey. Luther Hoffman. q. K. Society
Ut 7.3O in the evening
MIR. and Mrs. George Mays and Mt
and Mrs. Allen Barton and children
w baltimore, spent Sunday with ~
and Mrs. A. l.. Wagner.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1915-09-24
Master eGOrge Baumgartner Cele.
brates Birthday.

Mr.. and Mrs. N. III. Baumgartner
celebrated the 9Th birthday of their
second son, Master George c. Baum
gartner, from $50 to $50 D. m, Tues
day, September 18th, at their home
on East Main street Chinese Ian
terms and red flowers, the favorite
color of Master George, decorated
the rooms. The grown persons pres
emit, members OF his family and rela-
tives helped to entertain the little
guests with music, quotations from
Mother Goose and games. Master
George, who 10 quite a. favorite, re-
celyed a number OF presents, includ-
ing money and books. Refreshments
Of ice cream, cake and bon-bons were
! served IN tie dining room by
'BOotsie" as their faithful nurse, Mrs.
Burrier Spriggs, is called by
Master George, and full justice was
done to them A beautiful birthday
cake, with six lighted candles held
the place or honor. Wishing their
little host many happy returns the
Little folks left reluctantly for home
Those present were Miss Catherine
Baumgartner and Master Joseph
Baumgartner, sister and brother
Miss Katharine Grass, or Cumber-
land; Master Bernard Himler, OF
Taneytown, and Master Henry Kim
mey, or Westminster The grownupe
were Mr. and Mrs. N. III. BaumEart-
ner. Mrs. z. G. Hull. Mrs. Margaret
Orendorr, Miss Margaret Fouke and
Mr. Thomas Baumgartner.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1915-09-24
SYKESYILLE.

MIR. Wakeman Bevard, VINO ran a
pitchfork in his knee several weeks
ago. was taken to st. Agnes Hos
pital on Sunday and Is improving
nicely.
Miss Clara Covington, Of Pocomoke
City, who had been the guest ot
Misses Ruth and Elizabeth Bennett,
resumed her studies at Western
Maryland College, Wednesday.
Mt. Noel Bennett is spending this
week as the guest OF MIR. Carroll
Firovid, of Baltimore.
Miss Julia Belts is spending the
winter ia New York.
Miss Elizabeth Bennett resumed
her studies at Western Maryland Col
lege, Wednesday.
MIR. William Gather has been %
the sick list
Miss Mary Melville entertained at
al weeks end house party at her
home in Oakland: Misses Eloise
Sunimerlot, OF Cumberland; Florence
Miller. Emma Marson, Of Baltimore
Messrs. George Miller, OF Baltimore
paul Holtz, OF Frederick; Ernest
Dukes. of Baltimore; George Melville
of Fredericksburg, and Ernest Ridge
ly. x.y,,,
Messrs. William Harris and Will
ism DeYires have entered St Johns
College, where they will take
course in military training.
Mr.. Thomas Anderson has resumed
his studies at Randolph Macon
Front Royal, va.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1915-09-24
PeterIllAIl.

Mrs. Cecilia Peterman, wife OF
John p. Petorman, died Saturday ev-
ening at 8 O'Clock at her home, ID
Hanover, Pa, Of heart trouble. Mrs.
Peterman was i'll only a few hours.
Aged IS years, 6 months and days.
She was q daughter of the late
Adam and Susan Fridinger, and was
born in Carroll county, Nd. On Oc-
tober i, 1871, she was united i'm mar
riage witf Mr.. Peterman, who sur
wives, with the following children !:
Mrs. Granville Rudisill, of Amban,
Pa; Mrs. Titus E. Snyder, of Sim
shefr, Pa; Mrs. George Utz, OF Han
over; Albcrtus Peterman, of Balti-
moro; Rev. Robert Peterman, of Nc
Co1nellsburg, Pa, and Mrs. Oscar
Olson, Of Philadelphia. Also eleven
grandchildren and one great-grand-
child.
The funeral wac held on Wednes-
day with services at the house at
9 o'clock. Services were conducted
by her pastor, Rev. a. MI Heilman, OF
st. Matthew's Lutheran church. After
the services the remains were taken
to Littiestown whore interment was
made.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1915-09-24
MORGAN RUN.

Those who spent Wednesday even
ing with MIR. and Mrs. George M.
Gables were Mrs. Elizabeth Shipley,
~ BIRD Hill, Mr.. and Mrs. Winfield
Scott CABLES, MIR. and Mrs. Oliver
CaDles and Mr.. Scott Caples, all OF
Jamestown. The trip was made I'D
MIR. Winfield Scott Caples' auoomo-
bile. - ..
Those who took a pleasure trip 70
Ellicott City Sunday evening were
Mr.. Winfield 5. Caples, MT. oilVeI
Caples and Mr.. Scott Caples, an q
Youngstown. MIR. George w. Caples
of Shipley; Mr.. Thomas wheeler, OF
Gambler, and MIR. Will Shilling q
Bird Hill. After their trip they r.
turned to Mr.. and Mrs. Roper'
Wheeler's.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1915-09-24
Stull-ElserOad.

Miss Lucy Elseroad, daughter of
Mr.. Charles Elseroad, and Mr.. Albert
Stull, son of Mr.. Henry Stull, both of
Emory. were quietly married on Sep
TENDER IA, at the parsonage In West
minister, by Rev. Gonso. The bride
was attired in a white silk, while the
groom wore the conventional black.
After the wedding they left imme-
diately for Baltimore. They will re-
side at the home OF the groom for
the present.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1915-09-24
To WY Friends.

As it is impossible for me to thank
each one Of my friends in person,
who gave me their loyal support AZ
the primaries, hereby take the op-
pOrtunity to thank you one anu all
through the Advocate for your kind
ness and earnestly ask you for your
support in the November election.
Yours truly,
r. NORRIS CAPLE.
Woolery's District.
sept "a 1t
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1915-09-24
10 lily Democratic Friends Or Carroll
County.

! wish to thank you one and all for
the honor you bestowed On me ID
giving me such large and hand
some vote at the late primaries.
Very truly yours,
JOHN f. UTEEMAHLEN.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1915-09-24
GTATEMENT OF THE OWNER
- SHIP, MANAGEMENT, CIRCU-
LATION, ETC., REQUIRED BY
THE ACT OF AUGUST "a, 1912.

Of the Democratic Advocate. published
aceeEly. ut Westminster. Nd., for De-
tober 4, 1915.
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1915-04-10
TR A DER G
106 Fast Second

eve. but 10 new buildings, no evi-
dence OF modern enterprise. OF re-
cent years l believe" the writer con-
unues, the Russian government has
been making a railway from Tabriz
TO Julfa. by the side Of the track
which takes the place OF a public
road Here and there villages are
met with.
"Tabriz is the second important
town In Persia. and has a population
Of very nearly 100000. that OF Teh-
eran being estimated at 10000. As
with the smaller towns Of the south
African veldt. and most Persian
towns. moreover. the traveller be
comes aware OF his approach to II by
an appearance Of verdure in the dis
tance. In the case OF TabriZ this
verdure presently takes the shape Of
a fine avenue OF trees, after riding
along which the traveller soon finds
himself IN the inevitable bazar. The
bazar Of Tabriz is perhaps the largest
and finest In the whole OF Persia: 1t
marks an important stage In the long
caravan route from Trebizond.
through Erzeroum. past Van and
Urumiya. right down TO the south. and
from thence TO the east 10 Afghanis-
tan and India. Here camels. donkeys
and mules abound. and here is every
conceivable kind OF merchandise.
Outside the bazar the houses. which
are mostly built OF mud and have flat
tops. are dotted about without plan or
design. In the poorer neighbOrheOds
they are ranged In narrow and dingy
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1915-04-10
SECOND CITY OF PERSIA.
Just Like II Was Two thousand Years
Ago.

"Tabriz Is the capital or northern
Persia and the seat Of the heir ap-
parent 90 the Persian throne. who is
a sort OF governor Of the district or
province. 10 Is now just about twenty
years since I entered this eXtraordi-
nary city" writes a correspondent TO
the Morning Post tLOndonl. but see
lrE that DO was then very much what
90 must have been 1000 years ago. Il
Is safe 20 assume that IL has not
undergone much change since then.
Tabriz is situated on a plateau. and
the surrounding scenery presents a
bare and barren. not 10 say stony. ap-
pearancc The track from the Caspian
leads across mountain ranges. and
the country IN general. by its alb
sence Of vegetation. Is I'm sharp con-
trast with the verdant and smiling
adjacent region OF Enreli and Resht.
on the journey. which must be per
formed on horseback. owing TO the
absence OF roads. the traveller meets
With no evidence Of national vitality.
no traces Of industry. The country
side resembles a desOlate and barren
waste, not unlike the south African
veldt A few interesting ruins. gorge
Gus In color. here and there meet the
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1915-04-10
IinnI Instructions

WASHINGTON April 9.-Fiual in
struCuuus were given today hy Sec
rotary Daniels 90 Rear Admiral
Beatty. cummludaut OF the Norfolk
navy yard, FOR the iuternmont Of the
German auxiliary cruiser Irinz Eitel
Friedrich and her officers and crew
The orders were as follows:
"rropylliug machinery and arma.
mont should Doe disabled by removal
uf parts that will render imperative
Radio should Doe dismlutled and not
operated during interlmeut. Captain
should give pledge for himself Of
ficors and crew not 90 commit any
uuucutral act and not TO leave limits
prescribed iu paroles. Officers and
crew 90 be domiciled on ship
Officers and crew will be allowed 90
visit Norfolk end surrounding beach
resorts and officers will be allowed
Co proceed elsewhere on special leave
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1915-04-10

Wanted-A young man 10 insert
papers at World Saturday night. Must
be over IS. Call at mailing room after
) p. m.
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1915-04-10
In Hiding.

Hips are coming in again"
"Hurray, Now mother can come
back from Europe.
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1915-04-10

unpaved lanes. whilst the wealthy
surround their dwellings with high
walls and gardens"
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1915-04-10
MEAT DEPARTMENT.

TUlsI lard, 1-IU. UHlI iUC. I-IT
pail soc. 10-lb. pail .........Sf.t5
Dressed Fat Hens. pound .......fSc
Best Cut Steak, pound ........ 20C
Pork or Beef Roast pound ...... Ice
Pork Chops. per pound .-.......11c
Stew or Boiling Meat. pound .12isc
Armour's Star Skinned Hams. H. iSc
swifi's Premium Bacon. pound SOC
Wciulca. per pound .............15 15c
Tfefh open Bulk Kraut. 2 OTIS. . f5c
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1915-04-10

o for 45c-Hartlett Pears. Sliced Pine
apple. Sliced ArrUuts. Red Easp-
berries B'a0kherrigs. Green Gage
Puws White Cherries. T.o-au
Berries.
for 15p-Towatoes. Corn. Vert Ees.
Pork and Beans
for --C-LlrEe Tomatoes. Hruirv
y. g. Chilli. v g. Pumpkin. Kidney
Beans. ! g. Soups Early June Peas
y. e.. Pork and Beans
for 25c-CouutrE Gentleman Corn
string Beans. BcttS Bia.kbylries
Gouseherrigs
for 25c-Norarch Corn Carnation
Tomatoes. Gold Dragon Peas. y. G
Pork and Beans and Blndor
PimcntOs
. for 35c-pittcd Cherries. . cans
sliced or shredded Pineapple. Sliced
Peaches. Museltine Grapes. Large
y. &. Pork and Beans
Norwich bulletin., 1915-03-29
How to Destroy Catarrh Germs and End Catarrh
 Forever
A Specialists Advice.

only way to cure 1t so it will stay cured and never come back is to kill and drive out of your system the ca tarrhal germs which have found lodge ment m there; When the germs go the most treatments. like sprays. salves, creams. greasy balms, lotions, etc, is that they give only temporary relief by opening up for a while the clogged head. throat and nostrils. In a little time the catarrh comes back as bad as ever.
 People who suffer continually from ca tarrh should drop such temporary mak keshdfts and get something that really gets at the root of the disease and stamps it out. There is nothing better for such cases than breathing into your nose and lungs the pleasant, of Hyomef (pronouneed Hgh-o-me), made from purest oil of. Eucalyptus and. combined with other pow erful healing, antiseptic and germ destroy ing ingredients. Hyomei penetrates branes of your nose and throat, stops discharges. clears the passages and completely overcomes the disease by destroying its cause For catarrh germs cannot live in your body after Hyomei reaches them. Lee 6 Osgood wfch and vicinity have long sold Hyo- Snef on positive guarantee of success f'31l results or money back and find this generous policy pays. Most druggists arc. now giving pocket inhaler made fro so9 d6Der Eash eomPlsts simple. easy and convenient as well as a athor0ughly reliable m cans of treating e by the pest known method this danger ous and often disgusting disease.
Norwich bulletin., 1915-03-29
AT sHELTERINe ARMS.
Al SPIEL EHiNG AHMSs
 Pastor and Choir of Mt. Calvary Bap-
 fist Church Provide Helpful Serv-

Rev. J. H. Dennis and choir of Mt. Calvary Baptist church were at the Sheltering Arms Sunday afternoon. The text of the address was, Because I live ye shall live also. Christ was speaking to His disciples, he began, who were in sorrow because He was to leave them I'll not leave you com fortless, do not fear, you are not to be neglected. Because I live ye shall live also Christ inspired them with the thought that they were to do the work of the Father. We must live by getting into touch with Christ Do away with the thought of death, do not look into the dark, look for that light which brings US out of darkness into that life that goes on and on. So we shall never die. Because He lives we shall live.
 The singing was greatly enjoyed by those present. Among the hymns were, We Shall Be Like Him, The Blessed Rock of Ages; the rendering of Calvary was most pleasing as the pastor sang the verses. the choir giv- ing the refrain. Fanny Crosby still lives through those songs that have briugllt life to dead souls, MT. Dennis said. and it is fitting that we close the
Norwich bulletin., 1915-03-29
EAST SIDE ITEMS
Old ShoIes Homestead SoId-Vaoation Visitors and TraveIers-Picksd Up Team Defeats Stars.

Miss Josephine Edwards of TalmaI street spent the week end with friends in New York. Today (Monday) she leaves for Washington, D. C., with other teachers from this city where she will spent her Easter vaca- tion sightseeing.
 William Ryer of Hedge avenue, a student at the N. F. A., is spending his vacataion of ten days with his sis ter, Mrs. Frank Palmer, of New York (formerly Annie Dyer. of the East Side).
 Charles CrandaIl of New Haven is spending few days as the guest od his sister, Mrs Edward Marx of Fox Hill.
 Harold Carr has returned to his home in South Canterbury having spent the past week with MT. and Mrs Edward Marx of Fox Hill.
 Mrs. Isaac Cook of Penobscot street spent Thursday with friends in
 Sell ShoIes Farm.
 MT. and Mrs. William Beetham have sold their farm on the Stonington road, known as the, Old Sholes Home stead and have moved to Hartford.
 Going to Mason's Island.
 Edgar Crandall, Jr, of New Haven formerly of Fox Hill spent the week end as the guest of Mr. and Mrs. Ed- ward Marx. He will spend his Easter vacation of two weeks with his fath- CT, Edward Crandall on Mason's Is- land.
 Mrs. Sadie Sisson and son of New London. was recent visitors at the
Norwich bulletin., 1915-03-29
RID STOMACHOF GASES,SOURNESS,
 AND DINDICESTION
TAPES DIAPEPSIN" ENDS ALL STOMACH DISTRESS IN FIVE
 MINUTES.

You don't want a slow remedy when your stomach is bad-or an uncertain one-or a harmful one-your stomach is too valuable; you mustn't injure 1t with drastic drugs.
 Pape's Diapepsin is noted for its speed in giving relief; its harmless ness; it's certain unfailing action ID regulating sick, sour, gassy stomachs Its millions of cures in indigestion, dyspepsia, gastritis and other stomach trouble has made it famous the world over.
 Keep this perefect stomach doctor lrl your home-keep it handy-get a large f1fty-cent case from any drug store and then if anyone should eat something which doesn't agree with them; if what they eat lays like lead, ferments and sours and forms gas; causes head ache. dizziness and nausea; eructa- tions of acid and undfgested food remember as soon as Pape's Diapep- sin comes in contact with the stomach all such distress vanishes. Its prompt ness, certainty and ease in overcoming the worst stomach disorders is a rev elation to those who try it.
Norwich bulletin., 1915-03-29

lution of 1 to 800 wash of mercury
 bichloride. If there is no trouble in
 a mans herd the inspectors continue
 on their trip to the next house. Pro- are quarantined and the man is for bidden to distribute his milk. MT. Clark is cattle dealer and had been shipping his milk to a Provi-
 dence concern. On the day that the quarantine went into, effect he had a London, where they were to be slaugh- tered. They were held up in @ pasture in Montville until they could be in spected. They were given a clean bill for the market after they had been taken to their destination in wagons. The Clark herd which was killed Sunday makes the third which had been found affected with the disease and slaughtered for that reason. The first was Ernest Fargo's 8 head and two swine in Fitchville. and the sec ond John H. Wilson's 28 head in Pres ton.
 Whether there is any connection be- tween the three herds affected has not yet been conclusively determined, Dr. Becker said on Sunday, but that will
 be one of the things to be determined
 before the investigation is over. The officers will also attempt to discover the first source of infection, but just at the present time, the force of men is so busy inspecting for the purpose of checking the spread of the disease that these other matters have to be put aside temporarily.
 Symptoms of the Disease. Some of the symptoms of the dis
 ease, inspectors say, are pustules in the mouths of the cattle or on the
 feet These pustules have a form of
 matter and scab over. After the scabs
 are raised they leave an indentation
 on the foot. The animal has thick
 discharge from the mouth, thicker
 than is usual with cattle and the ami
 nal refuses to eat, which naturally
 results in lessening of the flow of
 milk. If the pustules appear on the feet the animal will go lame on first
 one foot and then the others as the
 disease spreads.
 There will be noticed a. fever in the
 animal affected. The mortality from
 the disease has been greatly lessened
 within the past few years.
 Unless the disease is unusually ma lignant the mortality is not. usually
 more than per cent.