davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1915-07-14
Editorial Opinion
EXCHANGING RESERVE
NOTES FOR GOLD
From the New York Sun.

From the New York Sun.
AT consider able length the Com
mercial and Financial Chronicle in its
current issue expcunds an erroneous
view Of the principal process by which
Federal reserve notes are now getting
into circulation II is not customary
to find this respectable authority in
error as to matters of fact, but the
question which it raises regarding re-
serve note issues overlcoks one of the
highly important clauses of the Fed
eral Reserve act.
It has been discovered by the Chron-
icle that there is no mystery about
the way in which the issue of reserve
notes has been mounting up in the
last few months. although discounts.
which might be supposed to put the
notes in circulation. have been prac-
tically stationary IN that time. The ex-
planation is that a very large total
of the notes has heen emitted against
an equivalent amount Of gold deposit
ed with Federal Reserve banks. AS
to this the Chronicle asks.
But is not the operation ultra wires
and if so should il be encouraged
even though the intent be good? Can
! it be affirmed that Il was ever con
/ templated that these Federal Reserve
notes which constitute one of the chief
features Of the new banking system
and the issuance of which is author
lied so as to facilitate rediscounting.
should be put 10 a totally different use
and made simple certificates of deposit
for gold?"
In support Of this contention our
contemporary examines the act and
says that "the language of the stat
ute. as we read Z. is clearly against
the idea" Yet very apparently the
following language of the statute.
found in Section Ia. has escaped the
critical observation:
Every Federal Reserve bank shall
have power to deal in gold coin and
bullion at home or abroad, to make
loans thereon, exchange Federal re-
serve notes for golo, gold coin or gold
certificates"
So the rest Of the argument against
the policy which the reserve banks
are now pursuing wanders off into the
abstract air.
Evening journal., 1915-07-14
Is Germany United?
lFrom be BIooklyn Eagle.l

was that the Kaiser, otherwise in a
minority, after one or two rebufts for
favored legislation. brought the Ro-
man Catholic Center into combination
with the government, and got the up
per hand again This deal was effect
ed in April 1918 How far it affected
the closeness of relations with Aus
tria, Roman Catholic country, can
only be guessed Certainly willing
ness to go with Austria to any length
led to the great war.
When the crisis came, the Social
lists in the Reichstag. seeing "the
Car and Cossacks coming across
the border Lillaging and burning, "
thought they were justified in voting
for measures of national defense. Yet
they claim that the party has "striven
to further the cause of speedy
peace" and that its wish for con-
ference at Tne Hague was only
thwarted by the refusal of French
Socialists TO participate Now they
are fatty against all annexation OF
alien territory, though the Kaiser has
announced the annexation of Bel
gium.
/ " much more than a third of the
German subjects are taking this quail
i6ed view about the wars continuance
as would seem to be indicated Icy
( the manifesto, what Is the use OF
talking abou. united Germany p
The truth. is of course, that not one
of the countries now at war is unit
ed" and that nc civilized country
ever can be uniJed for any war.
majority of Germans, a majority oil
Russians, a majority of British sub
iects a majority of Italian subjects
a majority of French citizens, favor'
fight to the finish for the principl'
of nationalism as they understand il
And to the philosopher, the question
whether nationalism is worth fightini
for as a principle is the one Of mos
importance TO the future of the human
race
Evening journal., 1915-07-14
Dangerous Appointments
CFrom the New York SUM

time opened to a person Of Mr.. Bryan'f
frame of mind. II the new tension
of our relations with Germany proves
to be a SEQUEL to his clandestine
interviews nobody will be particular
" surprised, unless perhaps 1t be
the Germans themselves when they
discover how far they have been led
astray.
The danger of paying political debts
or buying immunity from political
attacks by appointments TO import
ant public Office was never more dis
astrously demonstrated than in the
case of Mr.. wilson's selection of Mr..
Bryan as the head or department
of vital responsibility, a department
in which even in times of routine oc-
cupation he was as grotesquely out
Of place as Billy Sunday would be
on the Supreme Court bench. Up to
the time of grave crisis he only sue
ceeded in making himself and the
administration he so absurdly mis-
represented objects of domestic and
foreign derision. To what passes his
conceited impertinence may finally
have brought us. we can only conjec-
ture, anxiously, from the present pos
sible example.
Evening journal., 1915-07-14
RETIREMENT REWARDS LONG SERVICE.

IN WO Of the oldest and most popular members of the
Wilmington police force to be retired
pensions One is Captain Charles f. Evans, who has
been on the force twenty-seven years The other is
William L. Heal, who for forty-four years has worn
the city's blue and gold Both men have earned retire
ment by long and faithful service The community
will wish them well in the declining years of their
lives.
Captain Evans now will have opportunity to
devote himself field and water sport Of which he is
exceedingly fond. What "Uncle Billy Heal who is In
his saith year will do when he relinquishes his duties
as crer Of the Municipal Court has not been dvulged
lie Is stll hale and hearty and ten OF his seventeen
children are living. It may be that he will sgnaze
his retirement by paying visit to each Of those chill
dren If So it will require several weeks for him to
make the rounds
Fathfulness and fearlessness have been two of the
chief characteristics both Evans and Heal since they
have been members of the force Their records in the
department are enviabe. The city will be fortunate
indeed II It succeeds in getting good men to fill
their places.
Evening journal., 1915-07-14
The End of The German Drive
IFrom tho New York tribune.

Accepting as final the Vienna an
nouncement that the Gallcian cam
paign is at an end Il is possible to
judge and TO appraise the second
great campaign of the aresent war.
The advance TO the Marne was Of
course the first
In each of these operations, II is
fair 10 assert the Germans were seek
ing not local advantage not mere
conquest of territory; they were act
ually aiming at success so complete
as to eliminate one OF their enemies
permanently, or at the least for many
months from the conflict In both
cases this could only be achieved by
q substantial destruction Of the main
masses of the enemy.
The two operations. too. opened in
the same way. About the Sambrs from
Namur west the AngloLFrench forces
were overwhelmed, compelled to take
fight. losing thousands Of prisoners.
artillery; some of their organizations
were actually annihilated. The same
thing happened on the DunaIec In
the first days Of May. After the in
itial defeat the Russian flight was
equally costly. the possibility Of Rus
sian disaster quite as real, as had
been that in the west
! But in the east as in the west tho
same thing Is 10 be noted. The Rus
! sian armies. like the AnElo-French
are not destroyed. Instead, after th'
| initial defeat has come presently {
rally. a backward thrust along thu
San comparable with that made b!
the French about Guise In the las
days of August Still, as the Anglo
and the Aisne. had to abandon
Rheims. SoNsons and Laon. the Rus
slams we're compelled to surrende
Przemysl and later Lemberg.
Always. however. it is to be note'
that the Russian resistance instea'
of weakening was stiffening In tn
same way as the French armies ol
the vosges held steadily the Russian
troops on the Dneister beat off al
effort to break in on the flank an
rear of the main Russian front
Now, afte~ six weeks, Vienna an
nounces that the campaign is at a
end In fact. II is Just at the poin
at which the battle of the Marne wa
fought in France From Warsaw {
Pinsk the Russian retreat has reach
cd the limit Of withdrawal if tn
main system OF Russian defence, tn
whole Polish position. is to be dc
Tended. At last Russian armies ar
standing with railroads at their real
along their front. with the bases fc
supplies and ammunition near q
hand
In a word. then. in advance Of
battle the Austro-G German high con
mand has abandoned hope of obtair
ing a decision in battle. The Russia
army has not been destroyed. th
main Russian line in the east has NJ
been forced, and, presumably thei
Is no prospect Of such al operatio
heing pressed successfully.
So far. then, the second great &c
man operation has failed, as did Il
FIRST II has succeeded in conqu~ir
territory, hut this time. Il should
remembered. the territory taken
Austrian. not enemy Il has take
thousands OF prisoners ana much M
terial It has abolished all peril OF
Russian invasion of Hungary. IL h'
restrained Roumanian interventir
Evening journal., 1915-07-14
AIFCAL sUNsHTNT NAN

~ OLONEL BENJAMIN NIELDS is the sunshine man
~ Of the New Castle county bar. No member Of
that bar has more friends and admirers than he
e has permitted the profundities of the law TO
sour the milk Of human kindness that is inherent in
him The atmosphere that surrounds him surcharged
with pleasant words smiles and laughter. So il
has been for years, until today the community looks
for those things would be keenly disappointed did
it fail to find them radiating from him.
The genial colonel celebrated his saith birthday
Monday. That he was warmly congratulated by rela-
tves friends goes without saying. They look upon
him being s4 years young instead of 50 years old
He sizes up to the part We trust he will permit
to add our congratulations and good wishes TO those
received from other May he live long and
prosper and may his reputation the sunshine man
OF the local bar remain the end of his bright and
efentfu journey through life.
With him law and laughter have walked hand-in-
hand He has found much Of a delightful nature
profession that is looked upon of the most
dry and serious of this earhs callings The fact that
Notwithstanding he has passed his saith birthday he Is
legal harness today doubtless is due largely to the
fact that he had learned the secret blending pro
fundy and iocundty, without doing violence to either
The legal profession the world large would bs
If that possessed and practiced by
many men.
Evening journal., 1915-07-14
GEMS OF THOUGHT

That what will come. and must come. shall come
weli.-Edvn Arnold
.-.-f-.
Remember, Pray thee, who ever perished. being in
nocent? or where the righteous of? Even as
I have they that plow iniquty and SOW wicked
ness reap the same.-Job iv, rs.
To stand with sn'c upon your face against stake
from which YOU get away. that, no doubt is
heroic But the true glory is resignation To stand un-
chained with a perfect liberty 20 90 away held only
by the higher claims Of duty let the fires creep up
10 the heart-that Is heroism.-Robertson
Evening journal., 1915-07-14

land exercised a great influence in
Athens and Sofia. But all its sue
cess is included in the merely defen-
sive aspects ul the campaign.
Today Russia stands on precisely
the lines her high command had long
before the war planned she should
stand Not a single Que of the forts
! in her whole defensive system has
, fallen The territory surrendered in
Western Poland was indefensible and
abandoned at .he outset. It was only
occupied after the first great victory
in Galicia.
/ We do not know whether Russian
defeat has been sufficiently complete
I to preclude any immediate resumption
of the offensive. But recent bulletins
about the Krasnik sector suggest that
! this is hardly the case. Il is wholly
possible that great masses Of German
troops can he sent west for new
round to tho northern side of the
llussian position in Poland, where the
communications favor attack as the
lack of roads and railroads make it
difficult in the south. But this means
the beginning of a new operation.
BY her great Galician drive Ger
many has demonstrated anew how
wrong were those who forecast an inn
mediate collapse of her resistance.
She has heightened the period of the
war by perhaps a year She has given
confidence ard new courage TO Aus
tria, and to her own people. She has
won great and famous battles. But
size has finished with nothing
II her masses now go west the
Russians will presently come back
into Galicia. The eastern battlefront
Is too long 10 permit either side to
hold a continuous line of trenches
To make the great drive correspon-
dents with the German army in the
west have told us that the line in
the west had to be held thinly. The
menace of the French operations in
Artois was graphically narrated tc
cur correspondent by the German
commander himself The risk was
run in the hope of getting a decision
in the east, and there has been nc
! decision.
| Meantime the Anglo French armies
/ in the west have failed completely e
! take advantage of German concentra
, tion in the cast. They have been con
p tent to break German lines in France
= Germany has proven that she car
; stand off the Angio-French effor
r. while assailing Russia. She may nov
2 demonstrate similar ability to holt
/. in The east while attacking in tn
r west.
But eventually Germany must los
if she cannot completely rid hersel
a of the enemy on one front. And Will
= she has been failing to do this on tn
r. east. Italy has been coming up in tn
4 south. a new foe on a fresh from
e and must presently be dealt with, vii
{ soon claim new German regiment
e and corps.
n Actually. then, the Galician drive
like the dash TO the Marne. has faile
= 10 accomplish it's chief, its essenti'
e purpose. All the accumulated stor
z Of ammunition. all the new troop
g from the wilter training camps hav
S not availed to dispose of Russia. Thl
n victory has not even prevented a me-
l. foe from coming in. Once more th
a parallel is with 1913, but 1913 so ia
S without Lepsic and without any In
n mediate promise of such a disaster
Evening journal., 1915-07-14
With The Paragraphers

The British have "shelled ut handsomely in sub
scribine 10 their new war loan. Now let them more
handsomely stin shell the Germans out Of Belgium
New York Tribune.
We are frank to admit that our personal concern in
more effective regulation Of the speed-maniac is
fahered chiefly by anxiety for the safety OF the pedes
trian-Norfolk Virginan-Pilot
81 have received subpoena" Mrs. EVELYN Thaw is
quoted as saying 'and will be in court today; but
know my constitutional rights and cannot be made TO
testify The same constitutional rights possessed
by the horse when led to water.-New York Tribune.
Evening journal., 1915-07-14
WEDNESDAY JULY IA. 1915
rorNcmMANIc CArCus RESULTS PLEASE MANY.

COUNCILMANIC CAUCUS RESULTS PLEASE MANY.
GENERAL satisfaction is expressed regarding the
" suits of the Councmanic caucus held Mon
day evening TO select candidates for Clerk of
Council Clerk OF the Market oil Inspector and bailin
That is said without reflection upon the who
candidates for the several Offices and suffered defeat
the running
Homer c. Simmons. the caucus nominee for Clerk Of
Council is prominent and popular resident of the
Fifth ward. The fact that he formerly a member
)f Council will assist him materially in the discharge
of his new duties Albert Vaughn, the nominee for
Clerk Of the Market lives in the First ward. Years
ago he superintendent OF the police and fire alarm
reporting systems AT the present time he is member
Of the Legislaure.=He is regarded we'll quail
ihed TO look after the interests OF the city in the mar
kcts and to that everyone receives just and fair
treatment therein John Connell the present Oil In
spector was renomnated He has made a good record
in the Office The fact that he is to be retained is
compliment to his official capacity Wilson Virgins,
the present bailin. renomnated without opposi-
tion which speaks well for his service in the past
There spirited contests for some of the offices.
They we're however ood-natured throughout The
defeated good losers and reconcied to the
outcome OF the caucus, which characterized
throughout by free and full discussion and decisive
voting(
Evening journal., 1915-07-14

as many OF the orders already placed
here cannot be completely filled in
less time.
Construction work in our cities. in
our harbors. on our railways must
now proceed upon a much larger
scale owing to this same expansion
and extension of the activities in
general business ard steel again will
be called for in immense tonnages
Evening journal., 1915-07-14

In addition to these groups. the
Free Conservatives. elected thirteen
members; The Anti-Semites, eleven
members. and minor factions an ag-
gregate of twenty-five members
II will be noted that the Socialists
electing 40 members, and carrying
even the emperors favorite Potsdam,
had to have a much larger number OF
elections for each member than any
other party, because they had less
property. At that they got the largest
single block VI the Reichstag and
every one OF their candidates was
elected as foe Of war. The result
Evening journal., 1915-07-14

for use in .ch construction.
with not only the 100 per cent. OF
capacity of the steel plants in full
operation, but legitimate business de-
mands for even greater outputs now
assured. the rapid revival of the steel
business must be regarded as mar
velous transformation. II is most
gratifying 10 all business interests
In the United States.
Evening journal., 1915-07-14
DELrBERATION AND FIRMNEss DEMANDED.

RRESIDENT WILSON will do well TO take ample time
in framing his answer TO the German reply rela-
tive to the sinking Of the Lusitana and other
violation of the rules OF civilized warfare The issue is
a serious II should be handled in serious man
firmness should be accompaniment Of that
seriousness. Germany has placed President in a
position which he must bring into play the very
best thought there is in him. Emperor William and
his advisors must be taught that this country cannot
trifed with when the lives of its citizens and the
safety Of their property involved in controversy
II German is to continue to enjoy the friendship
of America, she must play the war game Il
ought TO be played under international agreement
There must be mere scraps of paper" existing be-
the Imperial Government and this country Ger
many may override Belgium, outrage its neutrality and
honor murder its citizens lay waste its fair cities
towns and fields and get away with IT, No such brutal
tactics he pursued successfully however against
this country
All Americans demand safety for American
life and American property. They want TO know from
Germany whether their demands are TO be granted
They have right TO know The German note gives
them no positive assurances on thore points Presi-
dent Wilson should pin the German Foreign once down
10 definite replies to the questions he propounded and
take the The American people are behind
him in this thing He it to those whom he repre
sents this crisis to rebuke evasion and I,
insist upon frank avowal of German policy towar,
American citizens and their property.
Evening journal., 1915-07-14

The full text OF the manifesto Of
the German Socialists. which repudi-
ated absolutely the policy of annexa-
tion OF territory as result OF the
war. and called on the German gov
ernment 10 take "the first steps to-
ward peace IS new available for an
alysis and comment It caused dras-
tic action by the government. Vor-
waerts the recognized organ of a
great part. was suppretsstd Every
mouthpiece OF miitarism fercely de-
noupced the Socialists position. And
the question 10 what degree Germany
is united is worth serious discussion.
The Reichstag elected in 1912 is
still in power, such power as the
German constitution leaves to the
popular branch OF parliament For
the choice of members in that body,
under a multiple representation for
property. 12,260,U0O persons voted.
The weight Of their votes in making
up the Reichstag depended on the
taxes they paid. The vote az record
ed was as follows:
Evening journal., 1915-07-14

81 hold myself personally responsible for all the criti-
oism that has directed against the Federal In
dustriai Relations Commission" said Frank P Walsh
its chairman. For once he is in accord with the
American people, except that they hold primarily re-
sponsible the official who appointed such man as
Walsh to such position.
Evening journal., 1915-07-14

II is 10 be hoped that the stay OF Huerta in the Fort
Bliss cooler will be of benefit to Mexico, that Car
rama seems to be getting things well in hand down
there AS producer Of serious trouble makers. Mex
leo easily leads the world and Huerta is one of her
choicest products in that line.
Evening journal., 1915-07-14

Ten thousand trousers makers have gone strike
in New York and other thousands may follow their
example Il behooves every therefore to conserve
the trousers he has because otherwise a prolonged
strike would place him in exceedingly embarrassing
position.
Evening journal., 1915-07-14

Colonel Roosevelt says he is willing to support in
1915 any decent Republican who may he nominated
for President That gives the Republican, party an
exceedingly wide range for the selection of eand-
date.
Evening journal., 1915-07-14

once more the Sultan Of Turkey is reported to be
dead Such stories have been current SO often that
when finally he does die it will be exceedingly dif-
cult for his relatives to convince skepticai world Of
the fact
Evening journal., 1915-07-14

Tom Taggart said. when he served with copy
the indictment charging conspiracy to violate the
Indiana election laws Il have been regular angel"
A fallen angel Tom
Evening journal., 1915-07-14

Captain Boyd may not be guilty Of all the things
charged against him The has resulted, however.
in giving him enormous amount of free adser-
tisine.
Evening journal., 1915-07-14
aPHYSTCIAN HEAL THYSFLF..

i
The Transcript quotes in full from
! the editorial page Of THE WHINING
TON EVENING JOURNAL, its criti-
cism upon that conspicuously ineti-
cient body the Wilmington Chamber
of Commerce, for its repeated attacks
upon the Levy Court
Had this keen and forcible indict-
ment appeared in The Transcript, it
would at once have been retorted that
il was inspired by its former editor,
now a member of the Levy Court.
No wonder years of dismal failure
have marked the history of the Cham
Der Of Commerce. this purely
commercial organization, when we
find Il leaving its own sadly neglect
Ted business Of advancing the interests
of the city of Wilmington to 60 on
such quixot'c expeditions against
county oficislsl
Moreover. after reading THE
JOURNAL one IS surprized at the
temerity of dwellers in so thin = glass
house as the Chamber of Commerce
venturing to throw stones at their
ineighbors
Not in all the years under the vari-
GUS protean forms il has assumed,
has the Wilmington Chamber Of Com
merce been a success We think we
cap guess WY.
In the first place none of these bod
les have been aotuated by a real sen
timent of civic patriotism-the ad-
lvancement OF the general good of the
whole city of Wilmington.
In the main, this Chamber. like its
predecessors. has been run in the in
terests Of few rich firms and corpor-
atoms rather than in the interests OF
all the business men and Of the citi-
zens generally
In the second place, there has beer
too much hign-priced banqueting. and
not enough genuine fellowship be.
tween all classes of business mer
and workers.
This spirit Of kid-gloved exclusive
ness has refused to enlist. or ever
: permit the cooperation of the plair