davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08
BLOCKADE NOT
BINDING, SAYS MOORE
Rights Of Neutral Nations De-
fined by International
Law Authority.

\ neutral government is not bound
To prevent ~unneutral acts of citizens
outside of an attempt to fit out hostile
exhibitions to aid b~elligerents. said
prof. John Basset Moore, former u
sellor of the state Department and au-
thority on International law. in n speech
n, the Park Avenue Church yesterday
morning.
THE only act which a neutral Gov
must prevent said Prof
Moore. rs the fitting out of hostile ex-
petitions in It's territory to aid n bel
lIgereut. This includes the building of
b%attleships and the enlistinR OF soldiers.
But while this is governmental neu-
"trallty, a private citizen may send many
things to a ~belligerent which, though not
constituting a hostile expedition, really
do aid the nation at war. so Tor TINS
purpose the law of c~ontraband was in
vented. The law Of contraband allows
the belligerent nation to protect itself
against unneutral acts of citizens OF a
neutral nation which the neutral nation
is not bound to prevent
There is one step further which has
brought, dispute. II is the right Of a
nation to declare a paper blockade. A
neutral nation is not bound to recognize
this blockade unless the nation declar-
ing II really has effected 1t.
Now In the law of c~ontraband there
Is tho right Of visit and search and II
xh. cargo Is not contraband 1t passes
on to it's destination. But with the
blockade II is different. There is no
such thing as visit and search. Every
vessel that goes within the blockade
area Ia seized.
This makes the distinction between
A blockade and contraband. And 1t
also explains why this Government did
not wish to recognize Germany's so
called paper blockade of England
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08
special cable Despatch to Tur srS.


LONDON. Nov. 7~.-Stephanos skou.
loudis. appointed by King Constantine TO
take the Greek Premiership to succeed
Alexander Zaimis. o~verthrown by the
Ven!selos party, has formed a new Cabi-
net. The Ministers we're sworn In this
morning.
\ despatch from Geneva says that the
Athens correspondent Of the Tribune dc
Gonere telesraphs that King Constan-
tine has summoned the chiefs Of the
various political parties for a confer
ence. 1t is stated that II NJ. veniselos and
his followers continue to oppose the
Kings determination to maintain neu-
trality the onarc will declare a mill.
tary dictatorship.
All the members OF the Za,mis Minis
Premier himself. who declined the Kings
request to reconsider his resignation.
VI. Skouloudis has taken the Office OF
Minister Of Foreign Affairs as we'll as
that of Premier. Regarding the policy
OF the new Cabinet the Times corre-
epondent at Athens telegraphs:
M. Shouloudis has informed me that
he purpose to observe an attitude Of
very benevolent neutrality toward the
Entente Powers"
The new Cabinet is as follows:
Premier and Minister Of Foreign Az
fa!rs-M. Skouloudis.
Minister Of Public Irstruc,ion-M.
Michelidkis.
Minister of Justice and Communica-
tions-D. g. Rhallis.
Minister OF lnterior--M. Gounaris.
Minister OF National Economy-M.
T%heotokis.
Minister of Warden. Yanakitsas.
Minister OF Marine-Admiral coun.
touriotis.
Minister OF Ffnance-Stephen Dragon.
mis-.
NJ. Skouloudis many years ago was
one Of the principal bankers In Con-
stantinople. In the '70s he retired and
went to reside at Athens He has been
more than once Greek Foreign Min
ister. The last time that he held the
office was about twelve years ago. He
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08
RUSSIANS GAIN ON
RIGA-DWINSK FRONT
Cross Dwina at Two Points,
Throwing Won linden
burg's Forces Back.
TAKE TECTON TRENCHES
SPECIAL cable DESPATCH 10 TuE SrN.

SPECIAL cable Despnfch 10 Tur SrN.
LONDON. Nov. THE Russians again
scored two important successes on the
Risa-Dwinsk front. They crossed the
Dwina at two points, driving Field
Marshal Won ~Hindcnburg's forces back
into tho marshy region south of the
river. Al Lake Swenton. too. they
penetrated the Teutons' 'front.', captur-
ing two second line trenches and taxi
ing more than 400 prisoners. The off,
DIAL statement issued tonight at retro-
grad. telling of these successes. is as
follows:
Attacking near Olaf. southwest of
Riga. we forced the enemy temporarily
TO evacuatc his position. We occupied
the cemetery near Laour, ON the left
bank of the Dwina. and dispersed the
Germans at the Dwins crossing. south
Of Pilvers. Or the western shorc OF
Lake Swenton We captured two second
line trenches. taking more than 900
prisoners. two machine guns n a
~searchlight. The Germans made four
counter attacks without success.
On the left bank Of the Styr the
enemy was %repulsed in the district Of
Miedviezhc. The fighting west OF
Kostionknovka, which We captured on
Thursday. continues.
The German War once in its Official
statement to-day reports the continuance
OF the Russian attacks aroun Dwinsi
and southwest and south of Riga. Rus
sian troops who entered German posi-.
tons northwes, of Lake Swenton two
nights aso were elected. The ofhcia
German statement follows:
Partial attacks southwest and south
Of Riga. near Dwinsk. near llluxt and
between Lakes Swenton and llsen were
repuised.
Russians who entered German posi-
lions northwest Of Lake Swenton on
he night OF the 5th-sth were elected.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08
ITALIANS MAKE NEW GAINS.
Recommending Party R%epulscS
Nustrians IN Srcbach VALLEY.

Special Cabie Despdfch TO Tue suN,
ROME. Nov. THE following ofhcial
report was issued by the War Office to-
night:
our artillery continues effective OPP
erations on the entire front and our
infantry has achieved fresh successes.
II the Fella Valley an enemy divi-
sion advanced yesterday against our
F'orcella di Cianalot positions and
was attacked and iepulscd with heavy
losses.
In the Secbach Valley a detachment
of our recommending force attacked
and dispersed with artillery and rife
fire a large enemy force below Hal
lanevea,
On the Carso plateau yesterday We
frustrated an attack against Monte
san Michele. our infantry in counte
offensive dispensing our a~dversaries
and capturing 212 men.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08
INFANTRY TO DECIDE WAR,
SAYS 4 FRENCH EXPERT
All Other Arms Are Servants of the Line, Declares Col
Baron d'Andre, Who Has Been Wounded
Twice at the Front.

muir, Antwerp. &c, fell under the Aus
tro-German cannons. The best wall
OF "A fort has always been the breast OF
Its defenders. The mobile defence or
a fort twhoee power lies precisely IN the
Infantry. with its two factors. fre ana
movement) is much stronger than the
fixed defences Whose power resides IN
It's artillery and engineers only. with
their single factor, fire).
Remember this great practical Lesson
and do not bury In concrete and steer
the money necessary for organizing a
valiant army, very mobile. having at
Its disposition a network OF railroads
and highways. platforms prepared for
mortars. artillery positions prepared be-
forehand. and above all infantry Of
great value. trained In the use OF the
automatic rifle and the machine rife.
and the machine gun. the mine. the
grenade. the pick and the spade. electric
wire. bayonet, &c. and above all capable
OF movement and tactical employment.
Training Of Msrksm-u.
"Only people in military decay can
abandon to pyrotechnics that which be-
longs to skill and bravery. But II
!s necessary TO perfect that skill. II
.s necessary to cultivate that bravery.
Consequently, perfect craftsmanship.
both in infantry and artillery fire. The
latter costs a great deal, on the average
one pound per projectile. Nevertheless.
II Is better to nave no artillery than
to have inexpert artillerymen. :
The artlllerists shout at least expend
100 to I5O projectilcs per officer an
nually. But II is indispensable to take
advantage of this opportunity to train
the infantry to become accustomed 10
the fire of artillery. For the Infantry
men are al first much terrified by 70
much noise. but they coon become ac-
customed to the scare. and n few days
after the baptism of fire they not only
laugh at %shrapnel, but they are able
to recornlze perfectly the shot which
Is coming their way.
See what is happening with US In
Europe. We are taking sergear1s OF
AL arms IN order to supply officers and
aspirants for commissions in the infan-
try. OF the fifteenth and sixteenth
classes OF recruits now under arms not
a man has been given to the cavalry
or artillery. All serve IN the infantry,
The infantry Is absorbing everything
II Is necessary. then, to acpuaint the
!nfantrymen with the colossal hccatombs
0. dead which await them in modern
war. II would be deceiving them
TO conceal from them the glorious dan
ger which awaits them. They must be
prepared for the future. But on tht
other hand. they must he given all con-
sideration In time Of peace and rot re-
ce!vr the d!sdain with which they arr
sometimes treated"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08
GOT BIG WAR PRIZE.
Teutons FOund Serb Arsenal Full
Of SuppIics.

BERLIN, Nov. THE Overseas News
Agency gives out the following for pub
liCatiou.
The Cologne Gazette says the Ser
bians. when leaving kragujevac, felt
certain that they would return soon.
They therefore left the arsenal, am
munition, war material and metals
almost untouched, Only in the war
material factories were the belts cut and
small parts of the machines taken.
1.-THE factories, therefore. will be easy
to e~tor to their former working ca
pacity. The value OF the metals. oil
and rubber alone found in Kragujevac
Is estimated at from $780, 900 to sl2,-
500 900.
The large halls Of tho factories were
crowded with French. American and
German machines.
The sheds and the storehouses were
filed with heaps OF brass. lead
loaded cartridges. g%renades and bronze
cannon barrels from guns OF ancient
construction. The factories had been
IN operation In full blast until the last
moment. and everywhere were finished
cartridges ard g%renades,
The people Of ~Kragujevac, weary of
war, have manifested only peaceful eenti.
ments. and have asked tina. soldiers be
CHARTERED in the houses for protection
against the lawless clements"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08
KAISER ELATED.
Conaratulates Troops on Capture
~ kragujevar.

>ptci1' Gable Despdfch 10 THr StN.
ROTTERDAM. via London. Nov. THE
decisive victories In Serbia are the chief
topic in to-day's German press. The
Cologne Gazette publishes "A telegram
from the Kaise to his troops IN Serbia
in which nc said
THE capture Of Kra gujevac by Bran
denburg, Heesian and Wuerttenberg
troops Is a maeniicent reward for the
splendid deeds of these soldiers. 7 ex-
press for this my full appreciation"
Tho commander Of the German troops
replied stating that the kaiser's tele-
gram would stimulate the troops and
that they would advance with the great
est vieor until the enemy was completely
beaten down.
The Cologne Gdeettc's war. CORE
spondent in Serbia says the German COM
mander said 10 him.:
'Our chief enemy IS not the Serbian
army but the difficult country and
wretched roads"
Commenting on the capture Of Nish,
the Cologne Gd-ctte indulees in "A paan
of triumph, ~fiatters the Bulgarians and
declares that the Allies have no chance
of success. -.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08
TEUTONS DIVIDE
FORCES IN SERBIA


communication 20 the Montenegro
here was received to-day:
The battle near Grahovc Tin Monte
negro) continued with great fury all
day November 5 until evening. The
enemy made several attacks in ar
endeavor to capture our positions.
but he not only failed. bu; was re-
pulsed with heavy losses by our brave
soldiers.
In the fghting on the Herzegovina
front We have taken four field guns
four machine guns three telephones.
n s~earchlight. seventy horses. 100
rifles, 100. 900 CARTRIDGES and two
officers and forty soldiers.
The army operating In the Sanjak
has taken four field IN three
machine guns. COO rifles. 700 tools and
a quantity OF munitions. and in add
ton has captured six officers. three
surgeons and 400 soldiers.
On the rest of the front the ar
t!llery struggle Is developing.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08
KAISER HITS ENGLAND.
Tells Troops British Were Jealous
Of G~ermany's Power.
special ca6i, Dc.pa,ch 10 The srS

SprC'ii tdOr DcsiTf'h 10 ihE StN-
NoRrHrRN FRANCE, Nov. 1.-Durine
lis recent visit 10 German headquarters
AT Thielt the Kaiser reviewed 5000
troops prior TO their departure for VA
rious parts Of the front In his address
to them he evincel most bitter feeling
toward England. whi-h. ne said. had
done everything to foster war during
the last ten years.
Great Britain ne said. was jealous
Of the ACKNOWLEDGMENT of Germany and
sought an opportunity Of dragging in
other European Powers to help her TO
crush the only other nation she feared.
our intentions have always been pdclnc
but, England's perfdy refused to allow
her 10 tolerate u rival. Great Britain
alone IL responsible for the devastation
Of Belgium and for the miscries OF
France.
Important results are pending IN the
balkans. where our troops and those Of
our CONTAGIOUS allies are bringing glory
on themselves. Il IL or the western
front, however. that all eyes are turned
and the necessity OF success mere is
paramount. God be with you ana by
His goodness may YOU crush your foes
and glorify the fatherland by bringing
about everlasting peace
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08
FRENCH WIN POSTS
NORTHWEST OF ROVE
German SOrtie at Beuvraignes
Fails-Minp ThrOwers
Are Silenced.
AIR RAID AT DUNKTRK
SPECIAL Cable Despatch 10 Tnr sus

SPECIAL Cable Despofch 10 THE SuS
PARIS, Nov. THE sector between the
Somme and the Oise southeast of
Amiens. figures in the official reports
to-day as the scene of n French success.
German posts before Andechy, north
west of Roye. were taken by the French
troops, while to the southeast. at
sortio from their trenches, but were
driven back by the fire OF tho French
artillery. Heavy artillery duels followed
In this region.
The Germans attempted a hand
grenade attack against the French posi-
ions east of the But,e-dc-Me'n!l. hut
were easily driven OF, and in a con-
tinuetion of the lighting ct la Chapc-
lotte. IN the vosges, the French field
guns sllcn- cd the German mine throwers.
4 boy was wounded in a German aero
plane attack In the Dunkirk region.
The official communicate Issued by ths
War Office tonight follows:
\ particularly active fire OF trench
mortars is reported In Belgium, In the
region of Het-Sas and of Boesinghe.
In Artois. between the Somme and
the Disc and in Champagne. violent
artillery combats took place In the
course of the day. more especially
centred In the sectors OF the Bots de
Givenchy and OF Beuvraignes and In
the environs OF Tahurc.
one of our mines destroyed at IfH
2s5 In the Argonne a German sap
In which the enemy was in the midst
OF his work.
There was no important action on
the rest of the front.
N afternoon communicate was as
follows:
Between the Somme and the Disc
we captured German posts before
Andechy and checked by curtains or
fire enemy activity in the sector of
Be%uvraignes.
In Champagne an attack with gre
! nades attempted by the
against our positions to the east OF
: the Buttc-dc-Mesnil was easily re-
pulsed.
In the Nosges the fighting COM
menced yesterday at La chapeiotte
, continued during the night. Our held
guns cfficaciously countercd the mine
throwers Of the enemy.
German aeroplanes dropped eight
bombs In the region of Dunkirk. a
boy was wounded II insignificant
material damage was done.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08
U BOAT SINKS JAPANESE SHIP.
The Ynsakuni Maru u T~Orprdocd
Near Gibraltar.

TOXIC, nov IA German submarine
sank the Japanese steamer Yasakun!
Maru, els oil gross, near Gibraltar
last "Wednesday. The captain and crew
reached shore safely.
The Yasakuni Maru evidently was the
victim of once of the German submarines
which rave passed safely through the
strait. OF Gibraltar into the Mediter-
ranean Sea 10 undertake. "A campaign
against the merchant shipping of the
Allies and already have sunk several
~vesEels.
The Yasakuni Maru sailed from New
York October & for Oran. Algeria, and
arrived at Gibraltar October q.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08
GERMANS REJOICE.
Through Trains ia ConstantinOple
soon. Is Plan.

special cable Despatch to THE SrS.
LoNDoN. Nov. s.-The Duiiy MdiPs
Copenhagen correspondent learns from
Berlin that there Is general rejoicing
all over Germany at the fall OF Nish.
German. Bulgarian. Turkish and Aus
trian flags were hoisted everywhere when
II a announced that Germany by her
latest victory had obtained direct rail-
way communication through Austria
Hungary and Bulgaria 10 Turkey.
THE German press states that prep
arations are In hand to run an Orient
express from Berlin to C~onstantinople
when the railway bridge between Semlin
and Belgrade, which was blown up by
the Serbians. is rebuilt.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08
JAMAICA TO GIVE MORE AID.
Lc%kislnturc FnvOrs Sending big
Contingent to War.

kINasToS. Jamaica, Nov. THE
newly elected members OF the I"gisla-
ture decided to-day to ask the Govern
nent 10 send "A big contingent to help
England. tho colony bearing "A special
tax Tor the purpose,
RECRUITING n meeting with = big re-
sporse as a result of the recent appeal
by King George,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08
ARABIC SURVIVOR HERE.
English Girls Fianc~ KILLED at the
Front in France.

MoNrcLAIR, n. j., Nov. Miss
Gladys A. Carne. an English girl who
was aboard the Arabic when It was
torpedoed, arrived in this country yes-
terday on the Cymric. She is visiting
relatives. Mr.. and Mrs. +. +. White.
here.
front in France. The boat in which
Miss Carne escaped from the Arabic
hung on the edge of tho vortex CAUSED
by the sinking OF the liner, and although
she saw two other boats drawn down
by the whirlpool the craft In which
she was seated was not engulfed.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08

Katherine Ferrin. a fourtoen-v's r.o'o
orphan. attempted TO poison hers''' yos-
terday because as her sisters 'N0,a rc3.
she did not want TO go TO . Io' -"
drank from a bottle Of iodine ' '.~
sisters home AT 40 Steinwav nrcI.t
Long Island City. She VIII Recover
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08
SKOULOUDIS NEW HEAD
OF THE GREEK CABINET,
Premier, in Office With Zaimis Ministers, SAYS His
Policy Will Be "Very Benevolent Neutrality
Toward the Entente Allies.

was one OF the three Greek delegates
AT the Balkan conference in London in
December. 1912.
NJ. Skouloudis is very wealthy. He
does not belong to any political party.
but is regarded AS an eminently safe
and reliable man. and IL always con-
suited on critical occasions. He is about
II years OF age.
Chamber to he PrOrOgued.
Athens dispatches assert that II the
Chamber Of Deputies does not support
the new Ministry the Chamber will be
dissolved by the King. The consensus
Of opinion in Greek political circles Is
that the Chamber will be p%rorogued In
ten days. as It will then be at the INC Of
It's legal term Of three months.
II Is thought that the Venizelos party
will approve Of this solution. which
makes II possible to avoid a dissolution
vi tho Chamber and new elections. the
result Of which is uncertain win TO the
mobilization Of the army and German
propaganda as well as Government pres
sure.
between King Constantine and NJ. Vent
xelos. despite the ~lattcr's yelled attack
on the sovereign In Parliament.
An ~urcensored despatch from Athens
via Rome save NJ vrnizel1s will not
support the Skouioudis Cabinet and will
oppose the temperance Of the Wa
Minister. tho dispute with whom led to
the fall OF the Zaimis Cabinet.
Liberals Determined.
The prevailing impression IN the
Greek capital. according to the despatch,
Ii hat the new Cabinet will be short
lived. since the Liberals appear TO be
determined 10 compel the King to dis
solve Parliament and demobil!ze tbs
army unless ne consents to intervention
on the side OF the Entente.
The improvement of the situation in
southern Serbia. due TO the Anglo.
French reenforcements. the number OF
! which has been greatly increased in the
! last few days. is expected to influence
! developments in Greece. where tho pro.
German elements are now said 10 be
pessi mistic. although exceedingly active
There are many German officers In civil
| ian garb In Greece.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08
REpUISE TURKS IN CAUCASUS.
Russians Check Attempt 10 Cross
the River Arkh.

Special Cobie Despdfch to THE Srs.
PETRooRAp, Nov. s.--To-day's official
statement regarding the operations in
the Caucasus follows:
In the region OF the coast of the
Black Sea the Turks tried TO cross the
River Atkh. but were repulsed. There
wore engagements In the Tortun re-
zion, north of khytaspoz. west OF
Alashkort, and also or the southern
shore OF Lake Van In tho region Of
Ohatak.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08

Special Gable Despatch 10 TnE Sun.
PARIS. Nov. Frank Musgrave Of
New Orleans, an American member OF
the Foreign Legion. who went %unwounded
through tho four offensives in which the
Legion has taken part, has been sent
TO q hospital because of illness.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08

Special Gable Despatch 10 THn suS.
VIENNA. via Amsterdam. Nov: THE
Austrian War ONCE issued the following
bulletin to-day:
Several Russian attacks were re-
pulsed.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08
FORMING WAR COMMITTEE.
0ficial announcement Of Member
ship SIN Lacking.

LoNpoN, Nov. NO official announce
rent M yet been made OF the con
stitution of the war committee Of the
cabinet. IL Is understood that it will
consist Of Premier Asqulth, Lloyd
George, Arthur Balfour and Sir Edward
Grey, with the possibility that "a NTH
member will he added.
Steps already have been taken to
strengthen the army council with a
strong board Of military experts n
technical advisers.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-11-08

Among new developments OF the year
Admiral Strauss mentions the manu-
facture Of a number Of bombs for use
by aircraft. These have given satisfac-
tory results In tests. he states, and more
will he manufactured The bureau has
also developed a new one FOUNDER gun,
10 be used on ~aeroplanes. Plans are
under way for increasing the calibre
OF this "
The bureau has designed n 3 inch
gun and mount for use on submarines
and a 4 inch anti-aircraft gun ana
mount. both Of which have proved To
be satisfactory. Three inch anti-air-
craft guns are being manufactured for
use on all battlesh,ps. Plans have been
completed for the mobilization of small
guns to he mounted on merchant shlps
In the event of war.
Demand on the part OF the oelligcrent
nations for explosives and materials used
in the manufacture of explosives and
also for other ordnance material has
caused q large increase In prices for the
current year. Admiral Strauss says, The
price of II inch armor piercing pro1ec-
tiles increased s9J from January. 1914.
to March. 1915. The Admiral recon-
mends the establishment OF a projectile
plant by the navy in view OF the In
creased prices and the unwillingness OF
many manufacturers to meet the rigid
specifications of navy proJectiles.
Admiral Strauss also recommends
that consideration be given to plans for
conserving the very largely increased
facilities in the United States for making
smokeless powder and other explosives,
The increases are a result OF the de-
mands of the Entente Allies upon Amer
lean manufacturers.