New-York tribune., 1915-10-31

,ves done away with as the language OF IN
atruction In the higher and intermediate IN
stitutions of learning, and the Russian ian
puage was introduced in the autonomous
bodies. The Baltic Germans appreciated not
so much legal forms as the possession OF
authority Bound with the closest ties 70
the culture Of Germany. they did not fesf
standardization by injunctions OF the law;
on the contrary, thanks to their unity and
material power, they had carried on win
success q denationalizing work among the
Let's and Esthonians. What they always were
most concerned for was that, not only In
heir part Of the empire, but also IN the IN
fuential grades Of the state authority, they
should occupy the most numerous possible
posts. Whatever wind blew above, even
though it were the most unpropitious fol
Germany. they remained In the government
outposts.
ain Courland. rivonia and Esthonia The
Germans constitute feetng numerical
minority. but an economic power, as the
stratum Of large agrarian possessors, pastors
md wealthy burghers. They endeavored tc
restrain the elemental expansion Of the
aboriginal population, the Let's and Estho
mans, by accusing the democratic, popular
movement-persecuted by them, wherefore il
anti-state tendencies. Thus, in 1905, the
riots In the Baltic provinces, which had
strictly speaking, social, agrarian char
acter directed against the exceptional PRIV
ileges of the German barons, were, In con
sequence of the influences OF these bsrons
represented as an insurrectionary movement
directed primarily against the state. Upor
tho Let's and Esthonans fell unusually
severe repressions (the punitive expeditions
of Baron MellerZakomelski, the military
Governor General), while the barons re
ceiyed generous compensations for damages
and losses from the Russian Treasury. To
dey, In turn, the Let's and Esthonians are
reuaving the Germans like for like, and are
accusing them of long series OF transgres
siors and misdeeds that are TO prove thf
dislovalty of the Baltic Germans IN rns
present war
Based on privileges, economic predomi
nance and the possession of authority, tn
nosition of the Baltic Germans required q
close solidarity with the governmental pol
ICY, and the exerting on that policy OF
Quiet influence, says the "Gazeta Warsaw
gka." These German subjects of Russia
never clearly revealed their national physi
oqnomv. They were loyal and Jealous Off
.als; they considered that they were full
iilling a cultural mission by taking promi
neut part in the direction of the affairs Of
state and administration. The influence o.
the Germans on the development Of Russian
statecraft from the times of Duke Biron
Muenich and Ostermann has lain above al
On the support of reactionary directions
This tendency emansted primarily from The
design of preserving the best possible rela
tions with Prussia, and the friendship with
Prussia was based on the propagation of the
conviction that, beside Russia, the state o.
the Hohenzollerns Is In Europe the sole
home of monarchism, the sole dam against
democratic revolutionary currents.
The good relations with Prussia produced
the effect that the barons OF the Baltic
provinces, while remaining good Germans
were sincerely able to be good subjects o.
Russia. In the families of the Baltic baron:
division of roles occurred. One of the
brothers generally entered the service Of th'
Russian state; thanks to his relations, h'