davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
GROWTH OF MODERN NAvIFs
'r0"''acs and Submarines May az
Said to Be the Result of
Evolution.

lronciad is the name given ..
naval vessel wholly or nartlv q
with iron plates. 1t was given hafora
the days of modern steel battlesbins,
me experience of the British ard
frehcn deet before Sebastopol durino
the Crlmean war, demonstrates 90
need of armor for battIeshins IT,
french at once began to build FIVE
armor-plated vessels, and the Rri+ish
IolloWed soon after. In 1859 a belt oe
armor was fitted to a wooden vassoI
renamed La Gloire, and she was +ho
nrst armor-clad warship. In Nv
1883, the British government bagon
the construction of the armor~nlatad
ali-lron frigate Warrior. She was tbo
lfrst iron warship, and was comnIatad
IN 1861. Converted into foa+iro.
workshop, she was still in use in 1Q1e
under the name of Vernon III Tha
nemesis, an iron vessel, not a battle
ship, had been engaged in 1912 in the
chinese war, but great objection was
relt to iron as a material for batt1a.
ships before the Crimean war on 40.
count OF the supposed danger from the
eremy's shot. The introduction of IRON
as a recognized material for ships in
general is often dated 1918, when the
lighter Vulcan was built near elias.
gov. The very first iron boat hu;l+
was launched on the River Foss IN
Yorkshire, in 1777.
The earliest attempts at subpoo.
rIne craft began early in the seven
teenth century. The earliest success
which has been chronicled was that
or 1871, when a Dutch natural NH
losopher, Cornelis van Drebbel. built
a boat which could be SUBMERGED
The first undoubted success was sa-
cured by the American engineer Bush
nell in 1775, with turtle-like craft
worked by one man. During the war
or independence a boat of this kind
was submerged below the British war
ship Eagle, and the operator tried to
attach a magazine containing fifteen
pounds of gunpowder to her bottom
planking. He failed in his object. hut
the magazine later exploded some dis
tance from the ship
One of the first submarines OF me-
chanical power was the French PIon-
geur, built in 1863 from designs by
Brun. During the Civil war the Con
federates built a number of cigar
shaped boats, some worked by hand
and some by steam, which were armed
with tOrpedOeS Thew wera lynO1ur 40
Davlds on the account of their size as
compared with battleships. In 1854 a
hand-worked one attacked the Federal
ship Housatonic and sank her by
means of a spar torpedo, though the
submarine herself was sunk in the
operation. Many other inventors, of
course, besides those mentioned have
succeeded in the construction of sub
mersibles.
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
ALWAYS ON BRINK OF DEATH
Workers in High Explosives Realize
What May Be the Result of Mo-
mcnt's CareIessness.

Explosives are solids which, under
certain conditions, suddenly change
into heated gas occupying many times
the original space of the solids. Ordi-
nary gunpowder, when fired, turns
into gas, of which the volume is 1000
times as great as that of the powder.
No wonder the bullet in front of it
hurry.
Today there are scores, even hun
dreds, of different sorts of explosives
known to science. Some, such as lyd-
dite, require very considerable shock
to explode them. Others, such as nj
troglycerin, are fearfully dangerous to
handle, for few extra degrees of
warmth or a very slight jar is suf-
fclent to turn them instantly into gas
OF the latter type there is nothing
quite SO unstable as iodide of nitro
gen. 1t has to be made in alcohol.
When allowed to dry it appears as a
brown powder, and so unstable is this
powder that touch with a leather
will set it off. The experiment has
been tried of leaving a few grams
upon a table mixed with lew grams
of sugar. The first bluebottle that
flew on the table and began to crawl
among the grains caused an explosion.
The mere Earring of the air by a
loud shout or heavy footstep is suf-
icient to detonate iodide of nitrogen,
and it need hardly be added that no
one in his senses would attempt to
make this terrible stuff To do so in
any quantity would be equivalent to
committing suicide.
Nitroglycerin is not so dangerous as
this iodide, but at temperature of
only 100 degrees-that is, very little
more than the warmth of the human
body-it begins to decompose.
Tons of nitroglycerin are turned out
every day, for it is the explosive from
which guncotton is made. But all tAe
mixing watts are artificially cooled by
coils of cold-water pipes.
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
Typewritinu While Asleen

When | first began typewriting and
stenography," stenographer was tell
ing girl beginner, Il found myself
taking stenographic notes in my head.
I've dreamed many a time of picking
out letters and lines of letters on the
typewriter. Next typewriter began
following me in my waking moments.
When somebody talked to me or |
heard someone talking found myself
taking 1t down on a typewriter in my
brain as | might on real typewriter
from dictation And when | found
myself far behind, why, 1 stopped
right there and made a fresh start
on the talk from that moment. And
In the same way l would take stem
ographic notes in my BRAIN THAT
is just my experience, too" said the
beginner. Hard work, this learning
to be typewriter and stenographer,
but there's fun in it, though / shall be
glad when it gets through following
me in my waking hours and haunting
me in my dreams"
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
MAKES DEFENSE OF RAGTIME
Writer Points Out How 1t May Be Ex-
ceedingIy Useful to Those Who
Are Mentally Depressed.

The effects of music upon the health
well known ever since David harped
to Saul but hitherto lily understood
are being looked into more deeply by
the physicians who formed the Nation
al Society of Musical Therapeutics.
mo matter to what extent music may
restore person to the normal says
the New York Medical Journal, there
can be no question that it may help
other influences to incline the person
from the normal There are many
compositions, notably among those by
Chopin, which are the outcome of more
or less melancholy moods, and while
they are beautiful and harmless to the
healthy, when made a steady diet and
source of self-consolation by those suf-
fering from depression from mental or
bodily causes their effect is undoubt-
eddy pern1cious, just as too exclusive
diet OF olives or meringues would de-
press the general bodily condition and
mental atmosphere of person so in
dulging sickly appetite"
On the other hand, ragtime music.
being in no wise serious" is the re-
verse of depressing. THE African
Jlngles of the present day create an
emotional atmosphere of restlessness
and excitement which is typically
American, and which is opposed to
health only so far as our national rest
lessness and lack of poise tend to make
us people whose national disease is
nervous exhaustion
Roughly speaking, lively music, such
as ragtime, is likely to rouse depressed
persons from their melancholy; sad
and pathetic music will soothe the ex-
citable and hypernervous.
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
His Elaborate Efforts.

One should beware of beginning his
speech in too loud voice" said Grout
r. Smith. IF you start off with
yell, when the time comes to roar. de-
nunciations or shout hosannas YOU
will have no wind left with which to
De emphatic. l once knew a man
whose wife exhibited more than three
hundred love letters in court which he
had written her during brief court
ship of eleven weeks. He often wrote
her six or more in one day, and his
shortest epistle contained four pages.
And yet, before they had been mar
rled two months he mad slapped her
Jaws so, far around that when she
wanted to talk into the telephone she
had to back up to it. His excuse was
that he had exhausted his affection in
the course of the correspondence"
Kansas City Star.
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
FALLEN FROM HIGH ESTATE
Church Editices in Britain That Have
for Many Years Been Utilized
for Baser Purposes.

American visitors always make a
point of visiting st. Bartholomew
not the hospital, but the church
one of the very few that escaped the
great fire, remarks London Answers.
Yet probably few know that for a
long Period it fell into such shocking
repair that the north transept was
used as blacksmith's shop.
A building in Skegness probably
takes the cake for transformations
akin to this notable one. 1t was origi-
nally a Wesleyan chapel, but subse-
quently was, as the poet says, Every
thing by turns, and nothing long"
In rapid sequence it was a concert
hall, a restaurant, a gymnasium, a
Salvation Army barracks, an auction
mart, public hall, and school. Last
~, as far as our information goes,
1t became political club.
Glasgow holds the record for these
transmOgridcations. The old WIND
church is now a leather warehouse;
West Campbell was lately lard ware
house, but may now be housing mar
garine; Cathedral Street church re-
sounds to the making of boxes and
packing cases; st. Andrews is the re-
sort of the remnants hunter: Stock
well street is an emporium for sugar.
tea and other groceries; while even
the offices of tie North British rail-
way were once a church.
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
GREATEST OF ICE PALACES
That Constructed by the Czarina Anne
OF Russia Is Conceded to Have
Been the Finest.

Ice for architectural purposes is
used with wonderful results in north
ern countries. Probably the most
remarkable building constructed
wholly of ice was the palace built on
the Neva by the Czarina Anne of Rus
STA. Large blocks of ice were cut
and squared with great care and laid
on one another by skillful masons,
who cemented the joints with water,
which Immediately froze. The build
ing, when completed, was Sc feet long,
l7% feet broad and 81 feet high. 1t
was of but one story. The facade
contained door surmounted by an
ornamental pediment, and six win
dows, the frames and panes of which
were all of ice An elaborate balus-
trade adorned with statues ran along
the top of the facade, and another bal
ustrade surrounded the building at
the level of the ground. The ground
was further adorned with a life-size
figure of an elephant, with his mahout
on his back. A stream of water was
thrown from the elephants trunk by
day and flame of naphtha by night.
A tent of ice contained a hot bath,
in which persons actually bathed.
There were also several cannons and
mortars of ice, which were loaded
with bullets of ice and iron and dis
charged.
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
Meant in Kindness.

A policeman had told two old vag-
abonds sitting in the park to move
on3 and as | followed them along the
street one of them said:
Jim, think he means us kindly"
eyes, think he does, too"
HE knows that we'd be apt to sit
there until we got chill and then
pneumonia and death might follow
That's it,"
Whereas, if he tells us to move on
we keep our blood circulating, avoid
all danger, and are spared to our
friends and the world"
That's correct"
(Which is very kindly of him in
deed, Jim; and if it so happens that
we meet him again, we'll impress it
on his mind that we know how to feel
grateful, even if we bean't heightened
nor rich!"-Baltimor American.
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
Extending Charity,

Shut not thy purse strings against
painted distress Act a charity some
times. When a poor creature tout
wardly and vlsibly such) comes be-
fore thee, do not stay to inquire
whether the seven small children,
in whose name he implores thy assist
ance, nave veritable existence. Rake
not INTO the bowels of unwelcome
truth to save halfpenny. 1t is goou
70 Deieve MIN. II he be not all ne pre-
tendeth, give, and under personate
rather or a FAMILY think (if thou pleas
est that chou hast relieved an maj
gent DacheIor.--Charles Lamb. ..
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
Boat Has Winns.

The latest development in "a cing mo-
torboats is craft capable of making
from 60 to 80 miles an hour and
equipped with wings that are designed
to eaten the water just as the wings
OF an aeroplane catch the air. This
boat is 10 feet 9 inches long and II
feet wide over all, each of the wings
being feet wide and the hull feet
wide. 1t is equipped with a $50 horse
power racing engine which ordinarily
runs at 1,500 revolutions minute and
drives the propeller at $3.50 revolu-
tons minute, or one and half times
its own speed. One of the novel fea-
lures of the boat is that the rudder is
at the bow, while the helmsman sits
at the stern. With this arrangement
the boat is easily handled at any speed,
one effect of the bow rudder being
that the boat, in making turn, has a
tendency to pivot around the rudder.
A picture of this unusual craft is pub
hshed in the October Popular Mechan
les Magazine.
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
MUST ALWAYS GO FORWARD
Economic Progress Is So Ordered That
the Wheels Cannot Be Turned
Backward.

I'VE still act as if the moral law
were indeed the order solely of divine
commandment which mankind, by its
anxious effort, must be schooled un.
willingly to obey. We fear that the
sanctity of the home is threatened by
divorce, by suffrage, by polygamy, by
woman in industry, or by the new
dances; and we crusade oratorically to
protect it from destruction, although
we must know that If the sanctity of
the home depended on such protection
1t would long ago have gone the way
OF the sanctity of the temple of Ephe.
sus. We are distressed by license in
our books and our theaters, and we or
ganize extra censorships and frantic
societies for the suppression of vice,
as If vice and license had not always
fought losing battle against civiliza.
ton, be- 4g opposed by the economic
laws that have made our morality
what it is. We seem to know that by
helping to better the economic condi-
tons we can better the moral condi-
tions of life, but we forget that we
cannot greatly help by scolding. We
cope that we can assist the sanctity of
the home by not retarding the eco
nomic progress that has made possible
the sanctity of the average home, but
we forget that mankind can no more
return to its ancient immoralities than
its culture can return to it's ancient
barbarism. From Current Com.
ment" in the Century.
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
GOT THEIR MONEYS WORTH
Landlord Was Not Equipped by Ma
ture TO Get the Best of Shrewd
p. T. Barnum.

In the very interesting book of
Renaissance that P. T. Barnum, the
famous Snowman, wrote 40 years ago,
there is an amusing anecdote that re-
calls the days when the one-ring cir
Gus was the chief attraction of the
long, hot summer.
The incident occurred when we
were at Hanover Courthouse, in Vir-
ginia, wrote Mr.. Barnum. 1t rained
so heavily that we could not perform
there, and Turner (manager of the
show decided to start for Richmond
Immediately after dinner. He was in
formed by the landlord that as our
agent had engaged three meals and
lodging for the whole company, the
entire bill must be paid, whether we
went then or the next morning No
compromise could be effected with the
stubborn landlord and so Turner pro-
ceeded to get the worth of his money
as follows:
He ordered dinner at twelve o'clock,
which was duly prepared and eaten.
The table was cleared and reset for
supper at 1890. At one o'clock we
all went to bed, every man carrying
a lighted candle to his room. There
were sc of us, and we all undressed
and tumbled into bed as if we were
going to stay all night.
In half an hour we rose and went
down to the not breakfast that Turner
had demanded and that we found
smoking on the table Turner was
very grave, the landlord was exceed
lngly angry, and the rest OF us were
convulsed with laughter at the absurd
ity of the whole proceeding We dis
posed of our breakfast as if we had
eaten nothing for ten hours. and then
started for Richmond, satisfied that
we had fairly settled with the unrea-
sonable landlord Youths Companion.
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
Cotton Crops in China.

In China few farmers have all their
land in one plot. A farm of eighty
chinese acres may consist of from
hVe to fifteen pieces lying in different
sides of the village.
How do you manage to watch all
of these all night?' a traveller asked.
We go from one to the other" is
the answer.
When cotton is the crop few can
resist the temptation to pick their
neighbours fields as they go by.
The Waterman sees some one at the
end of the field meandering slowly
along with basket on his arm, pick
ing as he goes.
Hey! Who are your" yells the
Waterman. No answer. The figure
passes on little faster, but keeps on
picking. If he IS lucky, he manages
to Slip into the cotton patch of some
body else and goes on with his sue
cessful pilfering.
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
When Nations Decay.

Disease, moral and physical, is main
iy the handiwork of mans perversity
or folly. The symptoms of national
decay are many and easily diagnosed.
A nation is on the downward grade
when large portion of it's population
Is unwilling to defend or incapable of
defending what, not without reason
we call the motherland against ex-
ternal attack.
Another symptom is seen when it is
unable or unwilling to provide by it's
own exertions for it's own immediate
wants or to save from the earning of
It's industry a sufficiency to meet the
exigencies and disabilities of old age.
Another indication is seen when it
is unable or unwilling to indulge in
recreation except vicariously, and re-
CARDS sport" as a pastime to be un-
dertaken by others paid for the pur-
pose for the amusement of onlookers.
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03

A recently published book on do
nestle engineering represents the
findings of a group of women who
formed household experiment station
to ascertain how far it was possible
to go in eliminating servants and yet
be free from drudgery Labor-saving
devices were installed and tested.
The first purchase" says the Edit
son Monthly, was a general utility
motor. Next on the list Mrs. Pattison
ranks vacuum cleaner, mangle and
an electric f1atiron. Perhaps the most
interesting piece of household equip
ment that has come to my knowledge
she writes, is the electric dish-wash-
ing machine. The wonder is that
women have so long been slaves to
dishpans, cloths, mops, towels and an
other unsanitary and unhygienic
means.
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
SULPHUR in New ZEALAND

Sulphur deposits are found on White
Island, in the Bay of Plenty on the
coast of the North Island of New Zea
land, about thirty miles from the main.
land. This island, which covers about
500 acres. attains a height of 900 feet
on one side and opens to the sea on
the other. It's topography indicates
an old crater, and the boiling lake on
the island, which is one of the awe.
inspiring sights of New Zealand is a
further evidence of vocanism. After
the New Zealand Sulphur company
had spent 100000 in preparation Tor
mining sulphur in this locality, a vol
canic disturbance wrecked the capn
end killed ter men
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
Sumerians.

The Sumerians were members of
one of the primitive races of Baby
ionia. They are believed to have been
OF non Semitic origin and to nave been
the dominant race at the earliest time
OF which there are any records. 1t
was to them that the Assyrians
ascribed the origin of Chaldean clvili-
cation and writing. Another name TOR
the race is Accadians. The Accadian
language was non-Semitlc and possibly
Urai-Altalc. 1t was spoken previously
20 the better known Semitic dialect
of the cuneiform inscriptions rhe
Sumerian seems to be a kindred dia-
sect and to nave been in use at the
same time in BabylonIa.
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
The Best You Have Got

City people are very fond of diiating
on the greenness of people from the
country, but there is no malice in it.
Everybody knows that the city is built
up from the country, and that nine out
OF every ten of our great men first
drew breath amid green fields. It is
hoped, however, that there are not
many countrymen who are quite so far
behind the times as the young man
who recently applied for room at
leading New York hotel. Said he. 'T
expect prices to be pretty steep. Pa
was here 40 years ago, and paid one
dollar day for nearly a week, and he
told me that I'd most likely find that
rates hadn't dropped much. But I
want a first class room-the best
you've got. Be sure there's a light
and fire and everything comfortable
IN it. Oh, yes, and a place to wash.
No going to the pump to wash for me!
I'm willing to pay for comfort" The
story doesn't say what happened when
he heard that 'the best you've got"
was five dollars day-Exchange
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
Division of Races.

The division of the earths popula-
ton according to race is as follows
Indo-Germanic or Aryan race (white)
occupying Europe, America, Persia,
India and Austria, about 775,000,000;
Monaghan or Turanian yellow and
brown), living in Asia, about 6S2,O00,-
900, Semitic (white), living in Asia,
Arabia, etc, about IS 100000; negro
and Bantu (black), found in Africa,
about 150,OO00OO; Malay and Polyne-
sian Drown, inhab1ting Australia,
about 35,0OO,0OO; American indian
(reO, found in North and South
America, number, including half
breeds, about 25,000,OO0
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
LITTLE LESSON ON MANNERS
circuit Rider Knew His Hearers and
Addressed Them in Words That
They Understood,

There fingers yet In the cayerns of
memory the concinnity of circuit
rider in the West Virginia mountains
who held forth one night IN an old
schooihouse on the high peak of Big
SeWell. The building was of unhewn
logs, with press-pole roof and punch
con floor; the men seated on one side
the women on the other. The aged
preacher arose and addressed his con-
gregation somewhat as follows:
Now, brethren and sisters, before
l begin the services of the night. |
will offer you some advice on
elegance of manners. You all wear
store boots and the women wear bro
gans. Now, in moving your feet on
this puncheon floor it makes a loud
pumping and ugly noise if you scrape
your boots along, which perturbs
everybody. So don't drag your feet:
hit them up straight and set them
down soft, and do not drag them
across the floor Cough, spit, hawk
or sneeze as little as you can. and
II a man has to go out to see if his
horse is tied. to blow his nose or to
go to the spring, or for any other
reason, step light on the floor in them
cowhide boots and brogans. We will
now sing the twenty third hymn"
The good old preacher when he re-
terred to persons going out for some
undesignated purpose probably knew
that che backsliders present had a
jug near the spring.
The Marietta journal and courier. (Marietta, Ga.) 1909-1918, 1915-12-03
"rhe Good News From chent.n

~ ~TSSS INN"S lOIIi SUSHIs
The exploit described by Browning
in his poem. How They Brought the
Good News From Client to AK is a
purely imaginary one. Archdeacon
Farrar tells of conversation he once
had with Browning, in which the lat
ter related the circumstances under
which he wrote the poem. Il asked
him." says Canon Farrar, about the
steed which brought Good News From
Client, and whether the incident had
any historic basis; for l told him that
friend of mine had taken very con-
siderable trouble to search various
histories and discover whether it was
true or not. No. he said, the whole
poem was purely imaginary. | had
mad a long voyage in a sailing vessel
Il think it was from Messina to Ma
ples), and, being rather tired of the
monotony, thought of a good horse
OF mine, and how much should enioy
ride. AS could not ride in reality.
| thought that l would enjoy a ride in
imagination; and he then and there
wrote that most POPULAR of his lyrics"