The Ordway new era., 1915-01-01

the diplomatic representatives. at WASH
ington OF Argentina, Brazil and Chile sent
in to the office of the department of state
formal tender Of their services as medi-
ators. President Wilson accepted the Of
fer and both Huerta and Carranza ac-
cepted the profered mediation.
The mediatory conference was held at
Niagara Falls. Canada. and opened on
May 90 On June Il the conference had
agreed upon a plan accepted both by
President Wilson and Huerta. Then a
deadlock arose over the choice for presi-
dent-the American delegates declined TO
accept the name Of any unconstitutional
list.
making unmistakable advance toward the
capital. Their success was SO pronounced
that II was evident they would soon be In
control OF the government.
On July l the conference came to an
end without definite result, and four days
later Huerta was reelected president by
his partisans. On July Is the dictator re-
| signed tho presidency and took passage
| for Europe. leaving the executive author
ity In the hands OF q prominent citizen.
Francisco Carbajal.
The new president and Carranza could
not agree upon the surrender of the gov
crnment to the victorious constitutional
| list army, and on August 10 Carbn1al re-
|
| solved. Five days Inter- the constitution
| al!st army entered the City of Mexico
without opposition. Venustiano CarranZa
Immediately took upon himself the Office
of president. although he soon announced
his purpose Of turning over the executive
function to n provisional substitute and
himself becoming n candidate.
| On September % Villa declared war up
| on the provisional president The consti-
! tutionalists held n meeting at Mexico
| itxy ON nrta 4 u,I raft IN
their chiefs resignation. AT conven-
tion of the party held at Aguns Calientes
on October u. Carranza again presented
his resignation and n few days later villa
promised to support n provisional presi-
dent named by the convention. At that.
Gen. Eulalio Gutierrez was appointed by
the convention. but Carranza refused TO
recognize him. The new president APP
pointed villa commander in chief of tho
government forces and ordered him to
proceed Mt once against Carranza. As
Villa and his men neared the capital.
Carrnnza and his soldiers withdrew.
On November q the American forces
were withdrawn from Vera Cruz and
| soon afterward Carranza and his follow
ers took possession OF the seaport. Villa
and Zapatn united in support OF the
Gutierrez interests. and the prospect of
peace in the immediate future Is far from
| encouraging.
On December 15, 5000 United States
| troops were sent to Naco to stop continued
firing by the Mexican factions into United
States territory. The struggle between
the combatants In northern Mexico con-
Longest Congressional Session.
The first regular session Of the Sixty
/ third congress- was the longest since that
| great law-making body came Into exist
ence-from December ], 1913. to October
"a, 1914 After the holiday recess both
branches were addressed by President
/ a.
tions. In his address the president recon-
mended the formation of a trade. commits
| sion. the doing away with interlockfng d.
rectorates and holding companies. end an
| antitrust law. On January "a the senate
passed n bill authorizing the government
to construct n railroad in Alaska On
February 1S the house passed the bill.
During this month. also. the admins
| tration introduced measure into both
| houses to establish rural credit system
| by means of cooperative banks. On Feb
ruary . a bill was introduced into both
! branches which provided that the govern-
mcnt might mine lease on a royalty
basis certain coal iands In Alaska.
On March the president delivered an
other address to congress In the house
chamber, in which he urged the repeal
of the provision In the Panama Canal act
of August. 1912. exempting vessels en-
| gagged in coastwise trade from the pay
ment OF tolls. with n senate amendment
to the effect that the United statey re-
linQuished no rights under treaties with
| Great Britain and with Panama, tho tolls
| repeal bill became law.
| On April 20 the president again ad-
dressed congress. giving the facts IN the
| Tampico affair and asking authority to
use force in compelling settlement. Both
houses passed the necessary measures
! without delay. On June the three
measures prominent in the presidents an
| thrust legislation-the creation of n trade
l he nd IL
| road capitalization bill-were passed. but
1t was not until August that the senate
| adopted the measure creating n federal
trade commission. The Clayton antitru3t
bill did not become law until October.
August both houses unanimously
adopted an amendment to the federal re-
serve act by which the secretary of the
treasury was given power to issue addi-
tional bank currency In such amount ns
| would he necessary to protect the busi-
ness situation and avoid financial panic
On September the president once more
| addressed congress. pointing out the need
| of raising additional revenue to meet the
deficit causd by the decline in imports
due to the European war
The closing days Of the congress passed
| in an active effort conducted by members
| from the cotton-growing states to obtain
legislation for the retail of the growers
| of the staple.
| On October "a the first regular session
! of the Sixty-thrd congress came to an
| end.
American Government and Politics
| On January Secrntary McAdoo and
/ Secretary Houston began a series of
| hearings to determine where the new fed
eral reserve banks We're to be established.
| The federal reserve bank system went in
| to effect November 1G. On January 10
! the Washington authorities and the New
| York. New Haven and Hartford railroad
| officials came to an agreement by which
| the railroad relinquished its trolley lines,
Its control of the Boston and Maine. and
most of its steamship lines in order to
avoid further conflict with the Sherman
| antitrust law. President Wilson nom-
mated John Shelton Williams. tllen nssis-
tant secretary of the treasury. to Be
comptroller of the currency mud ex-ofTicio
member Of the new federal reserve board.