Evening star., 1915-11-14

their freight. and the cotton and -four
mills have standing contracts as to the
delivery of goods. The cars are also
used for carrying building materials.
and in Rio de Janeiro they do the most
of the sprinkling of the streets.
But to return to the Sac Paulo tram
way, which is now controlled by the
Brazilian Traction, Light and Power
Com oany. Ltd. 1t has perpetual con-
cession and an exclusive concession for
electric lights and power until 1919
The company is capitalized at s10.-
100000, and it has an issue of $6,oO0,ooo
worth of per cent gold bonds. ] do
they must be enormous.
AS to the Rio Street Railway Com
pany, which leases the Sac Paulo line.
it is chiefly made up of North Ameri-
cans. 1t is one of the largest financial
institutions of Brazil. supplying all the
gas and electric lighting to the capital
of the republic, and in addition the
most OF the street na car transporsati111h fs sa11s
light and power to industrial institu.
tions. This company has a capital OF
something like s1o0.000.O00, and Its gross
revenues are seven or eight millions
per annum. It's gas pipes have a length
of 420 miles. and it's electricity is car
ried through pipes which measure
something like 900 miles. Its street
cars and its electric light systems are
back of Rio de Janeiro. the falls being
about fifty miles away. The lighting
system is excellent, and Rio de Janeiro
uses such a large amount that 1t is said
It's lights can be seen twice as far away
as those of New York city.
Among the American institutions in
Brazil is the Mckenzie College here
at Sac Paulo. This is one of the chief
educational institutions of South Amer
lea, and it has students from every
part of the continent The college is
undenominational. governed by board
of trustees in New York city. 1t was
founded in 1885. having developed out
of Presbyterian mission school known
as the Escola Americana. Some of the
buildings are gifts of United States
senators, and the head of the fnStitu-
tion is DR.. Horace NJ. Lane. who was
born in Maine, went to college in Mis-
souri,, and got his doctor of laws degree
from the University of New York. He
came to Brazil to practice medicine, but
was induced to take the presidency or
famous for it's high educa tional stand
ard. The most of the students now
come from Brazil, but of the 900 now in
the college, 1853 are Italians, IS Portu-
guese, SO Germans. Al Americans and 80
British. Altogether, something like
$1,000 students have been graduated
from the institution and of these near
ly 1000 have been educated free Of
charge.
During my stay in this part of Bra
zil 1 have Travelled over considerable
portion of the state of Sac Paulo. The
country is beautiful. The highlands
are rolling and one rides for miles
through regions that remind him of
the best parts of the United States.
The state has an area greater than
that of Arizona, and its population is
now several million 1t is a country of
highlands and lowiands. The lowlands
are along the coast and the highlands
are to be found on the Brazilian pla-
teau, which runs from Paraguay al
most to the Atlantic ocean. 1t is on
the highlands that the coffee is raised,
but the plantations take up but a very
small part of the area of the state, and
they might be doubled or trebled in
size. AS it is now the state produces
about half of all the coffee consumed
by man. In 1910 the yield was more
than 100000 bags, or enough to
have given every man, woman and
child in the world one pound of coffee
and left some to spare. The number of
acres devoted to coffee culture is
little more than 100000. 1t is not one
half the size of Massachusetts. but,
nevertheless, it contains almost 100000
900 coffee trees. a large part of the
revenue of the state comes from ex
port duties on coffee. The United States
takes great part of the coffee crop,
and these duties come out of the price
that we pay for the coffee. In that
sense we do much toward the support