davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1915-03-14

ness anywhere. Eggs that are fertile,
after week or ten days Of incubation,
show dark spot apparently attached
the germ of life. and the flaments are
ming out from the spot. This spot 10
the germ of life, and the filiaments are
the veins that are already forming.
At the end of ten days of incubation
the veins should run almost entirely
around the inside of the egg, and there
should be decided reddish tint to the
entire contents Of the egg. Eggs which
had weak germs will show a black
spot. usually small. with no veins. or at
most only a single red streak, inside
the egg. Such eggs contain dead germs
and should be removed, with the infer
tile eggs-the ones altogether clear
as dead germs cause eggs to decay rap
injure the embryonic chicks in the
hatchable eggs. Only a little practice
is required in order to distinguish the
infertile eggs and those containing
dead germs from the ones that proba-
bly, Will hatch. Eggs being incubated
under hens should also be tested at
the end of a week or ten days, and the
infertile ones and ones containing dead
germs removed. Eggs with white shells
are easier to test than dark shelled
ones. and 1t is safer to allow the latter
to incubate fully ten days before test
ing as they may then be observed with
better results.
erences to the use of permanganate of
potash in the drinking water given to
chicks and fowls. What is permanga-
nate of potash. and why Is its use SO
strongly recommended?
F. A. La NJ. Maryland.
Answer--Permanganate of potash is a
chemical formed by reaction of certain
acids on an alkaline potash base. Its
chemical formula would not be under
standable to the 1ayman and is not
necessary to be given. 1t is a power
full germicide and has the action of de-
stroying germs of all kinds within the
body, without exerting any de1eterious
effect on the living chick or fowl. Used
in proper solution In drinking water
given to chicks or fowls, the chemical
kills the germs of roup, infectious
colds, white diarrhea, cholera. etc.
denies Of these ailments in uninfected
focks. The chemical Is made in Ger
many, and since the outbreak OF the
European war it has increased in price
a hundredfold. 1t Is still cheap enough.
however, to be used In all the drinking
about Is or 20 cents an ounce. To use
it. put an ounce of the dry crystals into
a pint bottle and hll the bottle with
boiled water. dissolving the chemical
by shaking. When watering the fowls,
pour about one tablespoonful Of the
solution into a two-gallon pail Of
water. This will make the drinking
water about the color of claret wine.
Or the permanganate may be used as
follows: Place as much Of the crystals
as can be picked up on the surface OF a
silver dime in two gallons of water.
ing the water into the drinking ves-
sells. The use of the concentrated SO
luton is advised, however, because Of
its hardness.
Evening star., 1915-03-14

and the White, but the latter are prob
ably the most popular.
Although males weight fourteen
pounds and females twelve pounds,
these are known as the bantams
among geese. The meat IL Of excel
lent flavor and the fowls easy to raise
and fatten. The female will lay as
many as sixty to seventy eggs between
June.
One of the essentials for successful
goose culture is plenty OF good grass
it is necessary for them to have plenty
of good pasture in order to develop
rapidly and grow to the size necessary
for the market purposes.
Evening star., 1915-03-14
z;R;@ULTRy

tween the seventh and ninth days.
White shelied eggs may be tested ear
Iier than dark shelled ones. Eggs may
be tested with an ordinary lamp at
night, or in a darkened room or cellar
The egg is held close in front Of the
tester. Those that are fertile will show
dark with spider-like veins running
from the center. The infertile eggs
! in the center where the yolk is located.
In testing out the eggs the first time
some eggs will be found that are
doubtful as to their fertility. These
should be left in and marked for sec
end test on the twelfth or fourteenth
day :
Chicks should not be taken out of the
incubator until they are thoroughly
dry. which takes usually from twelve
to twenty-four hours. 1t hardly pays.to
attempt to save chicks by helping them
out of the shells. as these will usually
be weddings. All crippled or deformed
chicks should be promptly killed All
chicks should be Matched out by the
afternoon of the twentyflrst day. pro-
Vlded the eggs were fresh and full of
vitality and the heat has been main
tanned at an even temperature.
Development of Embryo.
AS soon as the embryo begins to de-
velop In the eggs it begins to breathe
oxygen through the f1laments which
radiate through the white Of the egg.
This makes it important that fresh air
which contains oxygen be constantly
passed through the machine.
Also there is a constant evaporation
of moisture from the interior of the
eggs through the porous she'll In ex-
tremely dry climates. in living rooms
or In heated cellar, it is necessary to
supply some artificial moisture, else the
egg will dry down too fast. For this
reason many successful incubators have
appliances for automatically supplying
the needed moisture. Other incubators
require the eggs to be sprinkled or the
floor dampened to get the best Matching
results.
There is little need for moisture dur
ing the first week Of incubation.
By looking through the egg tester at
the large end of the egg. that is, the
air cell end, 1t will be noticed that the
size of the air cell increases as the
hatch progresses. BY comparing the
drying down of the eggs in the ma
chine with eggs set under a hen at
the same time, the beginner can get
fair idea of whether the eggs in the
machine are being supplied with the
proper amount Of moisture. Just be-
fore the hatch comes on, on the nine
teenth and twentieth days, where there
Is no method of automatically supply
ing moisture, 1t is well to sprinkle the
eggs with warm water twice daily.
City Job VS. Poultry Raising.
Raising poultry looks 30 easy to the
uninitiated that nearly every one i'm.
agines he can make money at it.
City folks, In particular. seem to. have
longing some day to get out in the
country and have flock Of chickens
for their own use. and possibly to sell
some Of the products.
Several things must be considered.
First, have you enough capital for the
venture? Second, have you the neces-
sary training and experience; and,
third. have you a liking for the busi-
ness?
Next weeks article should be guide
to newcomers. Look for 1t, appearing
exclusively next Sunday In The Star.
Evening star., 1915-03-14
All Opposed to War.
, the Cleveland Plain Dealer.

From the Cleveland Plain Dealer.
Let us trust that in 1915 Vesta, the
GOODIES of domesticity; Hermes, the
god of trade; Athene. the goddess of
wisdom. and Vulcan, the god of in
dustry, will replace Mars in the mum
dane scheme.-Chicago Herald.
That's all very good, but why omit
Venus and Hymen?
Evening star., 1915-03-14
For the first half of the month, at
least. March has lived up to its repu-
tation as the
March Weather Is windiest. most
un cert n
UuceIt61u Ouautlty. twelfth OF the

O0cCIt6Au ONhAt1ty. twelfth of the
year. Rain. sleet, snow. high Winds
have alternated with bright, sunny
days and crisp. frosty nights. the whole
conspiring to form combination In
the face of which gardening and other
outdoor occupations have had to be
laid aside. Even the preliminary work
of which tho suburbanite or the coun-
try dweller can always find plenty
at this time OF year-which comes be
fore the real work of garden making.
has had to be shelred temporarily.
there being little satisfaction or profit
to be derived from out-of-door work
when the ground is a slush Of melting
snow and mud and thirty five mile
an-hour gale Is blowing.
But, be the weather fine or bad there
are things to be done at this time
which, II they are left undone now.
cannot be done at ALL The fruit trees
and the grapevines must be pruned.
the latter especially. before the ad-
vance of spring sends the sap up into
the grapevines are not shaped up now
the work would better be left for an
other year. as the vines are likely to
bleed" to such an extent as to fnjure
them, perhaps beyond recovery. Sur
plus wood must be removed from the
peach, apple. pear and plum trees be-
fore it is time for the buds to swell !;
and all, trees and vines alike, should
have their first spraying of the year
II the San Jose and other scales are
to be kept in subsection.
Evening star., 1915-03-14
Copyright, 1917
WHITE CHINA GEESE.
By LOUIS PAUL GRAHAM.

This Is an old and pupuIar variety
<sitf the american farmers. who use II
Sc "'-. vely for crossing with
ToGI- -, - tien and African varieties
for the production Of Green" geese
for the holiday trade. The American
Standard of Perfection recognizes two
varieties of Ch4nA geese, the Brown
Evening star., 1915-03-14
Wrong.

From the Cleveland Plain Dealer. -,
Binx - Somebody has misinformed
you. The girls at Vassar are not max
ing Vassar biscuits to send abroad. The
allies have all the ammunition they
need at present.
Evening star., 1915-03-14
San Jose Scale
Borne by Birds.

general idea OF San
San Jose Scale Jose scale. that
Borne by Birds rots. W tse t9a,t ., s
but comparatively few know the manner
Of Its attack and how 1t is carried from
place to place, to spread destruction in
ochards planted at heavy expense and
with much labor. That the scale is borne
by birds. who carry tiny bits Of the pest
on their feet from one tree to another
and from an infected orchard to one
hitherto untouched, is fact that is not
generally known. The rapidity with
which the pest spreads and Increases
when once planted is another point on
which the average amateur orchardist is
uninforned. AS an example:
A Washington family moved few
years ago to small country place in
WHERE among the first tasks
small but we'll selected orchard, mostly
apples and peaches. On the open fields
and waste ground near the new home
grew many small evergreens., and It was
thought that a few Of these. transplanted
to the small grounds. would add attrac-
tiveness. When digging up the ever
greens-mostly tuniper-it was noticed
that the little trees were literally coated
on the limbs with some kind Of scaly
stun. but the new suburbanites, never
having seen 1t before, failed to recognize
1t. The evergreens were planted around
the house; sparrows and other birds that
live near dwellings alighted In them and
flew away to the small fruit trees, and the
following spring friend who knew San
Jose scale when he saw 1t looked over
the place and informed the owners that
every fruit tree was badly infested with
the scale. Half a dozen Of the trees
were so badly covered with It that re-
peated and liberal spraying did no good,
and the trees died: while the Others suf-
fered so severely that they have been set
back several years. The evergreens were
uprooted and burned. and it was found
later that every cedar and juniper in the
nearby fields was literally covered with
San Jose scale.
Evening star., 1915-03-14
Care Is Required
in Growing Plants,

them to suffer a setback. Growing
plants that have suffered severe chill
ing will never fully recover from the
effects; therefore see to 1t that they do
not become chilled. A little weak ma
nure water helps plant growth wonder
fully. 1t should be about the color of
ordinary tea, and should not be given
too frequently; once week is often
enough. If the plants are being grown
in the house. use the dried and pulver-
lied sheep manure to be obtained at the
florists, as this has no odor and conse-
quently is not offensive when used in
doors.
II you have room, SOW a few pansy
seed In fiat, to be transplanted to beds
out OF doors when the weather is warm
and settled. The soil for these should
be rich and mellow, and the seeds
should be covered not more than a
quarter Of an inch deep. Keep the soil
moist, but not wet. and by the time the
season Is far enough advanced to per-
NIT outdoor planting the pansy plants
should be well started. Other plants
grown from seed may be started in the
same way-in flats in the house-and
thus will have a big start over those
the seed of which is sown outdoorn.
Evening star., 1915-03-14
WHAT TO DO IN THE GARDEN.

helps more to renew and revivify lawns
tnan when sown at any other time or
IN any other manner. If the Seed-a
lawn grass mixture adapted to the To-
cality. kind of soil and exposure should
be selected-is mixed with half it's bulk
OF bone meal and the mixture scatter
ed broadcast over the lawn results will
be astonishing. according to experts.
Furthermore. If the snow that is re-
moved from paths and walks is mixed
with the material formig the compost
heap 1t adds not only it's contained
with the material forming the compost
but gives the heap a supply of moist
Fure that is better than a drenching
rainfall. The rain, if the compost heap
Is exposed. teaches out many valua bic
fertflizing elements, which are lost.
The snow melting slowly within the
heap does not run off as solution,
carrying with it the most valuable and
readily available elements of plant
food in the decomposing compost, but
evaporates slowly. maintaining for a
long time the moisture absolutely nee
essary for the proper decomposing of
the composted materials
So it will be seen that a few inches
Of snow, aside from its beauty and
consequent esthetic value, has an ac-
tual money value in the benefits de-
rived from it by the hungry soil.
Keep the tomato, cabbage and other
plants in the flats hofhods or potu
Evening star., 1915-03-14
Different Solutions
for Different Seasons.

. O1UCASUt 0VlutkVUt iuSiohs. AAe
for Different Seasons. IN ~ . - s,n.s
are not really dormant, as the term
might be thought to imply. but are in
tended for use at a time when the
scale itself is dormant. Later in the
spring. when the scale arouses from
the dormant state. different .solu-
tion Is to be used.
An emulsion Of whale oil soap. to
which has been added arsenate Of lead
in proper proportion, is an excellent
dormant spray. So is the oily-looking
these may be bought in any desired
quantity. ready to be properly diluted
and applied. for the destruction of the
scale. 1t must be borne in mind, how
about useless; the work must be done
well and thoroughly. or 1t might as
we'll be left undone altogether. spray
pump must be used which will furnish
pressure enough to insure that every
inch Of every limb and every twig on
the tree receives a coat Of the spray
ing solution, whatever 1t Ia. Too often
trees sprayed by persons unsued to the
work receive coating only on the
under side of the larger limbs, the up
per side being left untouched. Now, the
San Jose scale borne to the. tree by
birds. Is implanted, of course, on the
upper side of the limbs. ana not the
under. Moreover. a square inch of in
fected surface untouched with the kill
Ing spray furnishes enough seed" to
reinfect the whole tree within a few
months. when all the work must be
done over again. 1t is just as easy to
spray an orchard properly as 1t is to
do the work in halfway. slpshod, in
efrectuaI manner. Just as much spray
is used when the work Is half done as
when it is done properly. so that the
cost of labor and material is just as
great for the halfway job as for the
one that is done in a workmanlfke
manner
The two sprays mentioned are equal
ly good for use on grapevines, currant
and other small fruit bushes. and as
dormant sprays on roses. honeysuckles
and the Hike. They kill the mealybugs
that destroy honeysuckles and climbing
roses, and make 1t more dihcult for the
rose aphis to gain foothold later.
Evening star., 1915-03-14
Forehanded gardeners who had their
early plowing done last week. before
the last fall of
Snow Worth Much snow, will find
as Fertilizer. was worth


good many dollars as fertilixer for the
soil. To speak Of snow as fertilizing
agency may to some seem strange. but
the fact remains nevertheless that
few inches of snow melting and soak
ing: into freshly plowed soil has mark
ed effect on the fertility Of the soil.
Scientists explain this by saying that
the snowfakes- carry down with them
atoms of nitrogen caught from the air
and imprisoned in the frost crystals
that make the flakes. Tho snow also
takes up ammonia from tho air. and
both Of these elements of fertility are
carried into the soil with the melting
snow. Therefore; IL the garden was
plowed before the last snow fell. and
particularly IL a liberal quantity OF
other fertilizing material was ploWed
under, the productiveness OF the soil
will be found to be greater this year
than it otherwise would have been.
Besides its undoubted value as ferti-
lixer, however. the melting Of snow on
freshly plowed soil results in the soak
ing Of the water down into the soil
and the consequent increase of the sup
ply of reserve moisture, to be drawn
upon by the plant growth during the
hot, dry months OF the coming sum-
mer.
Many landscape gardeners that
grass seed sown on top of the last
snow Of the winter grows better. and
Evening star., 1915-03-14

Spraying solutions designed for use
at this season Of the year are known as
Evening star., 1915-03-14

Most persons who read the newspaper
and the agricultural periodicals have
Evening star., 1915-03-14

Keep the tomato. cabbage and other
plants in the flats, hotbeds or pots
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-11-03
THREE STATES
 REJECT EQUAL
 SUFFRAGE LAW
Pennsylvania, Massachusetts and New York Elm phaticaly Reject Proposition at Election Tammany Gains Big Victory in New York Ohio Votes Down Statewide Prohibition.

Elections in 10 states yesterday en- phatica1ly defeated woman suffrage amendments in New York, Massachu- Republicans, an additional represena- tive in Congress and a new governor in Massac chuSetts.
 The Democrats, apparently, elected a governor in Maryland and an entire state ticket besides a majority in the state legislature.
 In Kentucky both parties claim a victory in the gubernatorial contest, but incomplete returns from Ill of the 120 counties gave former Congressman EsAugustus c. Stanley, Democrat, a lead lsof 9,029 over Edwin B. Morrow, his Republican opponent.
 Mississippi, the only other state to elect governor, went as usual, Dem ocratic. The only eposition to the Democratic ticket headed by Theodore e. Bilbo, was made by Socialist can E'didates nominated by petition.
 In New York, former Congressman William s. Bennett was elected in the 23rd district to succeed the late Dem ocratic congressman, Jacob Goulden. Bennett is 9 Republican. Republicans will succeed Republicans in the 31st and 3Sth Congressional districts of New York and the Ath district of Pennsy1vania. In New York the Re
 
 house of the legislature, although they lost one assemblyman. rk
 They also elected a majority of the mayors chosen in cities of the state.
 In addition to defeating the suffrage amendment by. about 210,000 votes, the. people of New York repudiated the new state constitution drafted by a convention of which Elihu Root was president and for which MT. Root had conducted vigorous speaking cam paign.
 Samuel w. Mccall, the Republican who will succeed David T. Walsh, Democrat, As governor of Massachu- sets, won by a plurality of 6,663. The Republicans retain control of the Mas sachusettss legislature.
 The Republicans returned to power in Philadelphia, where their candi- date, Thomas B. Smith, was elected mayor by 75, 900.
 In New JoSsey the Republicans gained two state senators and two members of the assembly and will continue in control of both houses of the legislature.
 Statewide prohibition was rejected in Ohio by a, majority of from 30,0o0 to 40, 900. Last year the amendment was defeated by S4,152. The Repub1i cans elkcteds mayors in Cleveland and
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-11-03
THE AUSTRIAN PROTEST

@W@ AUSTRIAN NOTE presents view of the munitions traffic that is like the view entertained by Ameri peace societies, 9l
 Austrian government does not protest against ammunition and other contraband though Austria cannot participate The protest is lodged against the centers for the production of munitions for the Allies. i ss-s.
 United Tact guilty breach Of neutrality and this is the characteristic attitude peace societies.
 The Austrian cannot be sustained within the existing precedent and international usage It supported to deasthat yet attained by any country n1aten how civilized
 extent to which the United States engages producing ammunition brought grave perls The country bitter for the profits derived of difference with other confusion that will adjustments the over, materials abates.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-11-03

party nominee for governor, who is general secretary of the Christian En- deaYors Society, made an active stump ing campaign throughout the state and made a special effort to attract the vote of former Progressives.
 The vote cast for Mccall was the largest, with one exception ever boiled by a candidate for, governor in this state, and the totaTvote was only some 10000 behind the record. Last year Walsh defeated Mccall ay a plurality of 11,815. Yesterday both candidates made a substantial increase over their vote of 1914 but. the slump of the ProgressiveS and the increase in the total vote gave Mccall the advantage.
 Walsh carried the city of Boston by 22,644 votes but this was a falling off in plurality of ?, 369 from last year.
 The issues upon which the various candidates made their campaigns were considerably confused. Mccall, while charging Democratic extrava- gance in the state and criticising ap- pointments made by Governor Walsh, directed his energies chiefly to at tacking~ the national administration !
 Tn total vote on the woman, saf- frage amendment, falling only about 33,000 behind that for governor, showed the widespread interest in the subject which had ben creatd by the active campaignst made both by the sufra gists and their opponents. The agitation for and against the amend ment had been in progress for many months and large corps of speakers had toured the state.
 Boston returned a majority of 22,- 175 against the amendment A movement for the recall of Mayor James M. Curley. of Boston, failed Although it's advocates, mustered a majority of 12.56s, they failed to se- cure the majority of the registered vote required under. tn city charter. There was a large number of blank bal lots, more than 1000 of those who voted for governor in the city failing to record their preference on tn re- call question.