davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1915-12-11
TILE Settlers.
Contractors Employing Union Tile
Settlers.

Foy & Starr Co., 9O2 Main st.
Kramg Tile Co.. 4SO r. Eighth st
CHAS. l.. SHANNON & SONS, Il Z. Canal St:
Phones Canal S4S and 344. TILES for All
Purposes Where Tiles Should Be Used
Shirmer a. & Co., 432 Reading rd
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1915-12-11

Anchor Art Glass Co.. 421 Elm St.
Heckermann, F. W. & Co., Murdoch Building.
Riordan, G. c. & Co., 1873 E. Fifth st.
Ruckel Art Glass Co., Sixth and Sycamore
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1915-12-11
BEER PUMP AND CARBONIC
COMPANIES.

Bishop Babcock Co., 225 w. Fourth ST.
LIQUID Carbonic Co., Second and Central ave.
Western Plumbing Co., l7l5 Elm st.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1915-12-11
MOSAIC, GRANITE, TERRAZO
WORK.
Contractors Employing Members of
Mosaic, Granite, Terazzo Layer
and Helpers Union.

J.. Maurell & Co., 5l2 Z. Eighth st.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1915-12-11
Contracting Firms Who
are Fair to Union Labor
ART GLASS WORK.

Contracting Firms Employing Mem
bers of Art Glass Workers.
Union, No. 8.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1915-12-11
PLUMBERS AND GASFITTERS

Employing Members of Local Union
No. SO, United Association of
Plumbers, Gasfitters and
StcamfitterS.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1915-12-11
STEAMFITTING CONTRAC-
TORS.

TORS.
Members of Local Union
No. 392, United Association OF
Plumbers, Gasfitters and
Steamfitters.
Bachler, H. L.
Cincinnati Heating Co., The.
Conners John.
Conners 7. J.
Crane, NJ. A, Estate.
Douglas Plumbing and Heating Co.
Geerin Bros. s. Co.
Lange, L. A.
Love- Picket & Nulsen Co.
Mordge & Co., G. f.
Meyers, F. w.
Niemes, Henry.
Nichol Co., Thos. J.
Peck, Anderson & Peck Co.. Court and Syca'
Schulthcs & Son, Michael.
Schlemmer Co., Oliver.
Schultheis Co., Edw.
Vance-Lucke Co.. The.
Vogelpohl, Jno. J., Co
Winters, Frank NJ.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1915-12-11
IRON WORK.
Contractors Employing Union Orna
mental and Structural Iron
Workers..

Columbia Iron Works, Reading rd.
Covngton Architectural Iron Works.
Grimm Iron Works
II. c. HAZEN CONTRACTING COMPANY
Contractors and Builders. Underwriters Ap
proved Fire Doors 2O7O.2O74 Reading rd
Phone, North BAL.
Lang, VIM. & Sons Co.
Marcus Building Co.
Potthof Co.
Rowekamp Bros, 1920 Coleran ave.
Schreiber, L. g. Sons Co.
Southern Ohio Iron Works
Stockman, Fred, 22s Stark st.
Union Erection Co. OHenry Wittman).
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1915-12-11
GLAZING.

Contractors Employing Union
GlaZerS.
Queen City Glazing Co., 944 Linn ST.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1915-12-11
CEMENT CONTRACTORS.

Employing Members of the Cement
Workers Union.
Evening journal., 1915-07-29
5lzTSZ07s/0 0z
HHf90lH5 C512Zf21H3

of machinery for some Of the most
remarkable tools and delicate instru-
ments are used in its manufacture.
Everything must be accurate OF the
shell will be Of no value whatever, for
the slightest deviation from the pat
tern is source Of danger to the men
who do the firing.
At first glance a shrapnel shell IS
a harmless looking affair, but when
fred from a big gun II becomes a
demon Of destruction. Il can be made
to explode at any time during its
flight with wonderful precision and
deadly effect.
Description.
It's make IS best described by a
noted war weapon expert who says,
The shrapnel projectiie consists OF a
hollow cylindrical body with an ogival
or conoidal head; in the interior near
the base there is an explosive charge,
and Immediately above the charge
there is an iron disk, and between this
disk and the head the body OF the
proiectile is flled with bullets. The
fuse " fixed in the point of the pro-
feotile and communicates with The
powder or bursting charge through q
Evening journal., 1915-07-29

refreshing to say the least. He was
cocksure he had surrounded himself
with an unassailable alibi and the
worst part Of It was that I knew Il
too. It would require a mighty level
headed jury TO digest this finger print
evidence. especially where there was
nothing else 10 back II up with, but
nevertheless I realized we had 70 make
a beginning sometime so no time was
better than the present Ny reputa-
ton was at stake and the reputation
Of the new Identification system. as
we'll so I was confronted with a
mighty weighty problem.
Ny first duty was TO ascertain Just
how strong an alibi Crispi had built
up and then 10 see II the character OF
his witnesses was such that it would
carry weight with a jury. Crispi said
he had been at a certain theatre or
the night Of the robbery. He men.
TONED the names OF those who wer,
with him and each and every on,
lbore out this contention. Further
more, I learned that. several Of IN
party were known to the theatre at
ltendants and they too. were equall
positive that Crispi had been one o
the party. Crispfs wife swore tina
her husband had retired VIII she dil
Evening journal., 1915-07-29

nesses capable Of swearing him az any
one place at a given hour no matter
where It might have been. He had
an ailbi that seemingly was hawless.
HIS wife told a straight. and well con-
nected story This was IN a measure
corroborated by her women friends
who had seen Crispi AZ the breakfast
table, while his companions who at
tended the theatre with him on the
night OF the robbery told IN detail OF
his every move. adding the time "a the
minute Crispi had bade them good
night 10 90 20 his home. The theatre
attendants backed this up IN a de-
gree. and IN consequence Crispt and
his lawyer wore wide grins every time
they glanced in my direction. The
testimony Of the wife was the mosl
direct given She swore her husband
had entered their rat just az the clocl
was tolling midnight He said he wa
tired and retired Immediately. II
was sleeping soundly when she turne
in half an hour later and he was sti
lasleep when she arose 20 get his break
fast.
When I went on the stand I wa
armed with hundreds OF exhibits Z
prove the infaliibility Of the hnge
Evening journal., 1915-07-29

had given the best years Of his life TO
the perfection Of the missile and used
up his private fortune in so doing, yet
his only reward had been a pension
of six thousand dollars. Shrapnel for
some reason played very little part in
the Crimean War and in that conflict
was used by the French who fired only
a few shells
During our Civil War It was en-
ployed by both the Union and Con-
federate armies, but It was not until
1856 that the development of the shell
amounted 70 anything like Its present
deadly effectiveness
About this time Prussia took up its
manufacture. and when the Franco
Prussian War came on It was their
greatest weapon. During the Japan
csc Russian War II was used by both
sides and thousands Of men became
its victims Again in the Balkan
Wars It played its part, and military
men declare that the successes Of the
Serbians and Greeks were due 10
French shells Of this type.
The development OF shrapnel shell
represents a vast amount Of expert
menting and study and has. perhaps
reached perfection by becoming the
most deadly and terrifying machines
used in the civilized Cd warfare OF
today. Its makeup is intensely inter
esting especially to those who are fono
Evening journal., 1915-07-29
A Brief History Of Wars Greatest Weapon From
the Time Of Its Invention One Hundred and
Thirty-One Years Ago To the Present Day
Its Manufacture and Its Awful
Slaughter Of Human Life.
Copyright, 1915, BY The

Copyright by International Syndicate
rosnt aav sbrapnel muketry
an invention by ltvoth
Evening journal., 1915-07-29

on the night OF the robbery. she
added that he was sound asleep when
she arose in the morning and that she
allowed him 70 sleep undisturbed until
she had prepared his breakfast As
he sat down to partake Of this meal
one or two Of her women neighbors
had stopped by TO ask her 70 so on a
shopping tour with them and these
women, both respectable. swore en-
phatically that Crispi was at the
breakfast table when they entered the
Fat.
His Alibl Was Perfect.
These were posers I knew, but there
stfl remained my unshaken faith in
the finger print system, 80 I decided
70 go TO trial on that evidence alone
Even at the first stage Of my fight
I encountered opposition for when
had Crispi arraigned in a police cour
Iit was only after a bitter battle tha
IL succeeded in having him held 70
the Grand Jury knew tho same oil
fight would be continued in the Gran
Jury room and the hardest mt o
All when we reached court. II indee
Il could get the case that far.
The case came 10 trial and Crisr
was surrounded by an array of-wit
Evening journal., 1915-07-29

vent any buleing OF the shell when II
is subjected TO the tremendous pres
sure At the time Of firing. The test
OF its strength is made by one OF the
most costly machines used in ammuni-
tlon manufacture.
Testing Shell.
II is known as a scleroscope-an
ingenious little instrument with a
small hammer tipped with a diamond.
When the shell is ready for the test
the hammer drops upon the steel and
rebounds 70 a height which depends
on the hardness Of the metal. Then
by a graduated scale on the instru-
ment the approximate strength of the
shell is indicated. The scleroscope has
established the existence Of a den
mite relation between hardness and
strength in metals The brass case
which contains the powder charge for
propelling the shell from the quick
hring gun IS also tested by the sclero-
scope. All the brass used in these
cases contains about sixty-nve per
cent. OF copper, which explains the
importance Of this metal at present
The finishing of the interior and ex-
terror OF the shrapnel shell Is done by
series Of drilling. boring, forming
and threading in which the greatest
accuracy is required. The exterior Is
finished smooth.
After the shells are finally assembled
and loaded with bullets and powde
the time fuse Is screwed into place a
the forward end and covered with
soft metal case TO protect the dif
ferent parts. This outer case is, 0
course, removed before the projectil
Is fred
Each shell has a time fuse that
made with the accuracy Of a watcl
This Is composed OF slow burnin
lcomposition pressed into annula
lErooves and is regulated by two rims
IN two grooves Of the shell-one
} lstationary ring and the other a grad
J luated movable ring. BY turning tn
! graduated ring the length Of the fus
may be set 10 explode the shell q
k@nF s.zns wltAln the period es = sssr
Evening journal., 1915-07-29
HoZ TTe<7cH
IA 2 Au@rlcz7
H0 3 RLI55ZHn
ia 4. .GSTs22z7

central pipe, and Is timed so as 10
explode the shell during It's flight at
a point about sixty or eighty yards
short Of the target The bursting
charge is only strong enough 70 blow
on the head Of the projectile, which
is lightly attached. and thus release
the bullets which fly forward in a
cone-shaped shower covering a large
front The bullets depend for their
force upon the speed al which the pro-
jectile is travelling when they are re-
leased. For effect they should have
a momentum OF not less than four
hundred feet per second. Consequent
ly. as the ballistics, OF the fe@ee and
velocity OF the pro1ectiles incr Rse the
striking effect Of the shrapnei R4comes
more formidable"
Steel has taken the place of cas'
iron in the present-day missile ans
this is forged 10 the required shap'
either by the ordinary power pres
used by the sheet metal worker or b.
a powerful hydraulic press. This seet
must Re 90 sufficient strength ee zee
Evening journal., 1915-07-29
ZZN ZZZ/Z4// /ZZ>NZR 22ZY/- /-b>~eg9nhzlz0vot
TheAuthor of the System in Vogue in
-- This Country Tells Holo 1t Was
First Put to UseHere When
Stains Left on Glass
Was Only C1elU.

ly dehant, but a few hours before
nearly stupefed the entire court
My victory had been hard earned
and bitterly fought I'll admit. but It
was all the sweeter for that very rea-
son. Handwriting experts who were
present doubtless recognized that a
new factor mad entered into the
science OF criminology and they were
none too well pleased at the turn
events had taken. But as dear as that
moment OF victory was TO me none
realized OF what tremendous import II
was 10 me in the work that stretched
before me. Here was the one test
had wanted above all others and I had
won. Henceforth II would be a matter
Of record. a precedent established. and
the finger print system TO which I had
devoted hard years OF study would be
accepted as a fact which any jury
would have to consider.
Before court adjourned Judge Fo-
salslty commanded the prisoner tc
stand before the bar.
"Crispi since you have admitted
your guilt there are certain things
you can clear up In this case that the
court deems OF interest TO both JUS
tice and Science 1 might add that
the court will be disposed 10 deal LEM
ientlv with you II your answers are
satisfactory In the iirst place did you
cut the pane Of glass from Bernstein'a
Window"
'I did," answered the prisoner AT
er cutting Il out I lifted II from this
sash and carried II across the room
and set n against the wall Just as
Inspector Faurot said did. In doing
so my hand slipped and that Is how
the nnger print was left on the pane"
IT want you to explain those alibis,"
Judge Rosalsky continued. Il fear
there has been some tall lying here
somewhere"
mo sir You are wrong" said
Crispl. Il was at the theatre. When
I left the party / asked several Of
them the time thereby impressine
upon their minds the exact hour
: left them. When 1 got home my wife
was up ns she said. 1 went TO bed
9 and feigned sleep. when ] found she
I was sleeping soundly / arose and
2 slipped out. I met the gang thai
robbed the loft and after gettini
o away with the loot / slipped back
j. into my nat and 10 bed withou
u awakening my wife. When she go
up tho next morning I was asleep a
n her side Just as she said ha'
carefully mapped out all the detail
" several days before the 1ob was don
= and I built up my alibis so strongi
OF that ! thought they would defy al
" tack But 1 hadn't reckoned with IN
finger print. That's what hxed m
nc and II ever get mixed up IN anoth'
III Job you bet your life I'll wear gloves
g That ended the first finger prii
conviction In the United State
Crispi went away for three years al
ne he Is out now and / believe leadii
ed an honest life He comes to. see n
r's occasionally dnd none more firmly b.
I'M lieves in the infaliibility of the fng'
n print than Crlspi. it's first victim.
Evening journal., 1915-07-29

~INGER prints never lie. The im-
A. preston of fingers upon any OBJ
ject is far more infallible as
y means of Identification than a
photograph Of that persons features.
Give me the finger print OF an infant
in arms and when that baby grows
to ripe old age I'll prove that his
finger prints then are identical with
those taken while in infancy. AS a
means of detecting the author OF any
crime they are absolutely unerring, as
many q man now doing a long stretch
Of time in state prisons will attest.
When the finger print system was
being introduced into the police. bu-
reaus of the capitals of Europe I was
sent abroad to study It. OF course,
it was IN a primitive stage then, but
there was enough there to convince me
that the science was one we'll worthy
of development, so I set TO work to
absorb all 1 could learn there, and
then upon my return 10 improve upon
the methods there employed and make
Il even more far reaching in scope.
Close study for a year convinced me
that I had taken the science to that
stage where / could prove its useful
ness, as we'll as its infallibility in any
court Of justice should the opportunity
present itself.
shall never forget the FIRST case
called for trial in New York City in
which the finger print was the sole
evidence we, the police. had to base
our case on. Fortunately we had been
able to get an indictment on what
then was called the fiimsiest Of evil
dence. To convince twelve men, tried
and true. of the infallibility Of this
evidence, however. was a far different
matter and 1 can tell you as 1 looh
back upon It all, whereas I was jusi
as certain of my prisoners guilt as
was of my life. had sore misgiving'
as 70 my ability to prove this in court
Print On Glass My Sole Case.
The case in question had 70 do will
an especially daring loft burglary II
which the salesrooms Of Bernhein
Brothers in Wooster street had beer
entered and robbed OF many thousand
OF dollars worth of expensive goods
To effect an entrance the burglars ha,
removed pane of glass from tho doc
of an Office on the floor below tha
Of the place they expected to rob ant
then cut their way through III
ceiling to the loft in question. Ney
York at that time was infested wit
an especially daring band Of loft burg
lars and the police were put to thei
wits ends in keeping up with them.
AS soon as I learned that pan
OF glass had been removed instruct
ed my detectives 10 bring the glas
in question to Police Headquarters an
at the same time TO exercise due car
that no one handled II with bar
hands. Let the man who picks u
that piece OF glass;" said. ''be sur
to wear gloves"
With the glass at Headquarters "
went over it very carefully and SUI
enough the tell-tale finger marks wei
Evening journal., 1915-07-29

print. I had diagrams Of all sorts on
hand 70 show that the finger prints
Of no two persons on earth are alike.
This I think I proved for the jury
and court attendants we're deeply inn
pressed. 20 Judge from the profound
attention they bestowed upon my testi-
mony. To cap the climax / turned 10
the Judge and asked permission 10 be
put 70 a test which / believed would
clinch my case offered 20 leave
the room and IN my absence have
some one take the prints Of any mem
Der Of the court attendants the Judge
directed I would return and finger
print all the attendants and after
developing my print compare II with
the one taken IN my absence and pick
out the person originally finger print
ed The court readily agreed 70 the
proposition and the test went on.
When I returned finger printed
about twelve persons. Then when
these were developed and printed
was given the print taken IN my alb
senoe. AZ glance ] Identified II and
matched II with one I had taken
thereby Identifying the person printed
IN my absence.
Test Amazes Jurors.
The success Of the test created q
profound sensation. The Jurors sai
up and asked dozens OF question:
which proved that they had intelli
rently followed every move Ia,
made. They soon recognized the diff
] q -
and we're asking technical question:
innumerable which did more 10 con
vince me that I was going 10 win M
case than anything that had tran
spired since court convened. / hai
been on the stand continuously 10
three DAYS and when court adiourne
that wednesday evening crlspi an
his lawyers had lost their afr o
lbravado. and instead of the sneerin
glances bestowed upon me their look
clearly proved how deeply concerne
they were.
When court convened the nes
morning / was again called 70 m
stand. There we're one or two littl
points that ! wanted 20 make clea
lalthough / was very we'll satisfied wit
things as they we're.
But before the District Attorney ha
an opportunity 10 start the proceed
lings, Mr.. Moore. chief OF counsel Il
Crispi. arose and said
May II please Your Honor, vii
the consent Of the District Attorne
the defendant would like TO withdra
his plea Of not guilty and enter
plea OF guilty 10 the third count
, the Mathematician charging unla'
: ful entry"
/. "The court accepts the plea" {
: Judge replied, even before those
! the court room could grasp the s.
a nihcance OF tho move
n Crispi Admits All.
& A ripple OF surprise swept over
court room and even the Jurors turn
Is in their seats 20 gaze into each othe
% faces. The admission OF guilt frs
" the prisoner who had been so braze
Evening journal., 1915-07-29

laid present day shrapnel is an
evolution of an invention by
Lieutenant Henry Shrapnel,
- made in 1Ts4-a cast iron ball
filed with bullets and powder and
exploded by a crude fuse stuck into
its side. The inventor had been given
a commission as Second Lieutenant In
the Royal Artillery when he was but
eighteen years OF age. This was in
1779 when the great wars which were
TO eliminate in the overthrow Of
Napoleon were being fought-an era
when an officer of the inventive genius
OF shrapnel was sorely needed in
every European army. 1t was in
17S4. while the young officer was at
Gibraltar taking part in the defense
of the great Rock that he invented
shrapnel, and on its first trial It was
said to have done terrible execution
against the Spaniards. Lieutenant
shrapnel watched the test OF his shell
and then and there was born the idea
out of which has been perfected the
dreadful bullet stuffed projectile Of to-
day. Many army officers who were
not present at the test were skeptical
and II was not until after consider
able experimentation by the inventor
that the shell was adopted by the
British Government and given the
name of It's inventor.
In 1904, Il was used at the bonn
bardment of the Batavian settlement
of Surinam in the Dutch East In
dies. After the bombardment Major
Wilson. who was in charge reported
that "shrapnel had so excellent an ef.
feet as to cause the garrison at For
Amsterdam TO surrender after receiv.
ing O second she'll" THE enemy wa.
so astonished." he continued. "at tkes,
shells as not 10 be able 20 exp+air
bow they apparently suffered from
Evening journal., 1915-07-29
Tracing Crime by the Imprint of Fin
ger upon Any Object Near the
Scene NolO a Science. and Re-
gdrded AS Infdllible IN
An Courts of LalU.
Copyright, 1913 BY The International syndicate.

stin fresh on its surface. These were
carefully photographed and we set to
work TO search our files TO see If we
had the duplicate on record. In less
than a minute we learned that the
prints were identical with those Of
Charles Crispi, a young loft burglar,
whose reputation for cunning and des-
peration was second 10 none In his
class II was only a question of md
ing Crispi, I argued, 10 cinch the case
for I knew In my heart that the au-'
thor Of that crime was none other
than the man had fastened II on.
At Police Headquarters we have i'm
pressions OF thousands upon thousands
Of criminals. all indexed and carefully
fled. One would imagine to look at
that rack Of prints in which today
there are upwards Of 100000 impress
sions that IT would be an endless task
to locate any particular one. But that
! IS mere detail. Bring us any print
from any point on the globe and If
we have the duplicate we can find II
in less than a minute at the outside.
To learn how to group and classify
the prints is a science in itself, yet
when one learns how, II is as simple
as learning ones A B C's. All finger
lines are divided into four classes OF
Hoops, arches, whorls and composites
and 1t is easy to so group and classify
them.
Crispi Is Arrested.
After satisfying myself that crispi
was the man we wanted for the loft
burglary I sent my men out 10 arrest
him. We had no dihleulty in locating
him in his lat in Hoboken and when
he was apprised Of his arrest he burst
out laughing and told. the detectives
he would make them look foolish as
he could account for every second OF
his time on the night OF the burglary
and that his allbi could be proven by
at least half a dozen reputable wit
nesses. Tat made no difference tc
Crisprs captors, however, for nearly
every prisoner, no matter how guilty
/ he IS, can always make a blum al
! proving an alibi. Alibis in fact, are
second nature to all crooks
Crispi was brought before me a.
Police Headquarters and without
r mincing words I told him that h,
{ was wanted for the bernstein lof
burglary and furthermore that knew
e he was the man who had cut ont tn,
= pane of glass from the ONCE doc
! and then set Il over against the wal
= in the hallway. OF course, he pro
r tested his innocence. He wasn't in tn
least worried, nor did he bluster
e Calmly and 10 a conversational tone n
= said:
$ From what YOU tell me I can prove
d and easily too, that I was az tn
e theatre with some friends when thl
e trick was pulled I can account 70
p every second Of my time that nigh
e and the morning following, and N
word OF my witnesses is just as goo
c as those Of any you can confront m
e with"
e His candor and cool effrontery wa