davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-09
'tals ........,37 IL IA 81 10
Totals
10y innings:
I'M 4 q q q q Il q -

Fairmount .......4 oo0o1- 5
cobbs ...........53 % 900 Ill
summary: Two-base hits-pace,
Williams. Hinchman. pugh, Nunnaly,
jackson. Home runs-race. Gibson
stolen bases-Cireen, Akcrs. Williams,
Nunnaly. Jackson, Powell. Hits-Df
Nevins. 10 in = innings: off Pace. 1 in
$ innings Struck out-By Pace. s; By
Powell :. Umpire, Mr.. Kidd.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
For the National Defense
A Large Merchant Marine vitality Necessary in the
Event of War.
BY ALEXANDER r. SMITH.
Former Superintendent, New York Maritime Exchange.

The statement was made public re-
Gently in a Washington dispatch that
officials of the navy department are
making a census of american mer-
chant vessels with a view to their
use by the government in the event
of war;" and this even included avail
able vessels on the Great Lakes. But
little attention has been given the
matter. and almost no editorial COM
ment has resulted. And yet, the fact
that such a census is being taken,
and that merchant ships are necessary
in the event of war, are matters of
vast national significance.
The Indifference shown by the press
really constitutes a mirror rejecting
an actual lack of appreciation Of the
significance of the transcendent rea-
son why this country should have a
merchant marine of it's own. There
are no keener people than those of the
United States, no people whose scent
for news is SO acute, none better able
to view the matter from every pos
sible side and present it's various as
poets to their readers than the edi-
torial writer's of American newspa-
pers.
Were the press of the United States
as appreciative of the Importance OF
the naval census of merchant ships
as it should be, and thus disposed to
present it's Importance to the public
as the people should understand it,
we would now have a merchant ma
rine commensurate with our national
needs. This is but another way Of
saying that when the press of the
country wakes up in dead earnest to
the need of an American merchant
marine, congress quickly will see that
the nation has one.
Needing a merchant marine, as this
country does, for purposes of national
defense, nothing whatever should pre-
vent the nation from having 1t. No
sacrifice is too great to fortify the
nation adequately to provide neces-
sary defensive instrumentalities, nor
in such a matter is expense deserving
of consideration.
When, a century and a quarter ago,
Thomas Jefferson said, speaking of
a marine, that "as a branch of indus
copyright, 1915, by Ma
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
COLD DOES LITTLE HARM.

Last week was favorable for agri-
cultural work in most sections OF
Iowa. and rapid progress was made
with threshing and stacking, but the
weather was too cold for corn. accord
ing to the weekly bulletin of the Iowa
weather and crop service. The acreage
temperature was about twelve degrees
below the normal and light to heavy
frost occurred on the morning of the
2oth. with freezing temperatures in
many localities, especially over the
Northeastern counties. The rainfall
was deficient except in a few sections
where copious to heavy local show
era occurred. It is too early to de-
ferrnfnA the amount of damage done
nv the frost, but it is safe to say that
over the greater part of the state the
damage was almost in~appreciable, but
on low ground, over the northeastern
and north central counties corn must
have been injured some. On account
Of threshing being delayed, there has
been little or no fall blowing done,
and as 4 result the acreage Of winter
wheat probably will be lessened. Re.
ports continue to indicate large yields
Of small grain, with quality fair to
moor. Pastures, truck and fruit are
in good condition generally
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07

try it is valuable, but as a resource of
defense essential" he epitomized the
whole subject in fifteen words. And
yet, after the Spanish-American war,
speaking of the nondescript fleet that
conveyed American troops from Tam
pa to Santiago, the naval war college
said:
Nothing but the safe arrival of the
fleet at its destination justifies it's use
for troop transportation"
Had the weather been stormy the
fleet would have been dispersed, many
of the ships doubtless would have
sunk, and thousands of American SOL
diers and sailors would have gone to
their death, because the federal gov
eminent had neglected to see that the
nation possessed a strong, growing,
profitable shipping, not for individual
profit per Sc, but for the national de-
Tense. That neglect still continues.
In a letter to the secretary of the
navy, dated January IL, 1915, Admiral
Dewey, president of the general board
of the navy, explained in detail the
number and kind of merchant vessels
the country would require if engaged
in war. Secretary of the Navy Dan
iels wrote letters at the same time
to senators emphasizing this need. And
in the same month Secretary of War
Garrison explained to Secretary Of the
Treasury McAdoo the military need
of merchant ships for war purposes in
a most striking n
For the national defense an Ameri-
can merchant marine Is a vital ma
tional need. And, to a lesser extent.
but nevertheless to an extent suf-
ficient to justify its creation, the ma
ton needs a merchant marine to find
and to hold and to develop foreign
markets for the ever-growing surplus
products of the United States, the
lack of which markets will necessitate
the reduction of production, loss Of
employment to thousands, if not mil
lions, of skilled and unskilled indus
trial workers, and cause a serious
check to our national development.
For purposes of national defense we
must have an American merchant ma
rine. and for economic reasons Its
need is equally urgent.
.innal Editorial SerVicel
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
TRUE NEUTRALITY.

Advocates of an arms embargo are
using many arguments to show that
this country should not permit the
sale OF munitions of a to the allies.
Word pictures are drawn of how Ger
man and Austrian children are being
made fatherless by American made
shells and the United States is held up
as a traitorous friend who, while pro-
Tossing neutrality, is selling arms to
the enemy.
It is true that the United States is
selling considerable quantities Of arms
and ammunition and 1t is also true
that the allies are getting most of this
though recent reports Indicate that
the Germans have been getting much
more than one would suppose cons1d-
ering the fact that the allies have
almost absolute control of the seas.
It is true that American made shells
are being used by the allies and yet
how could any other course than the
one now being followed be construed
as one of neutrality?
Whatever course Is followed, some
body Is going to be hit and nit hard.
Our sale of ammunition to the allies
is q blow to Germany. But refusal
to sell to the allies would be an equal
" hard blow to them.
Germany has never questioned the
right of the United States to sell am
munition to the allies. 1t has been
oncially admitted that a neutral
country can dispose of it's goods to
whosoever is able to buy. The Ger
man nation would probably be glad to
see us put an embargo on arms but
realizes that it has no grounds on
which to base a request for such &C
ton. The United States has long en-
tertained the belief that 1t could pur-
chase fighting equipment in case OF
war and that therefore there is no
need for building up a gigantic mill
a force In times Of peace. To re-
f,1se to sell ammunition to a warning
.country would be to establish a prece-
dent that would hurt us in a future
war II one comes to pass.
THE allies on the other hand have
had No reason to feel that we are
,fayortng them by selling them NUM-
tons of war. We charge them plenty
for what we sell and are dealing with
them on a strictly business basis
likewise we are doing what the prac-
,tica of ages has said is morally and
s1ae.1ly rtght-selling u wares in the
.nnem market and leaving it to the buy
Ing nation to get the purchases home
IN safety. That is the course that
.n.ntra1 nations have followed through
ont history. Therefore the allies have
F., "a right to expect the United States
to follow this course.
refusal to sell munitions at this
NINE would be an act unfriendly to
The allies in the eyes of history and
n~rscedent. It would definitely array
us on the side of Germany.
Continuing to sell our wares to thai
country which comes and gets them
r. the only neutral thing that this ma
ton can do. Otherwise we are not
neutral.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
MRS. DUKE ENTERTAlNS
MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

The Women's Foreign Missionary
society of the Willard Street M. e.
church met Thursday afternoon with
Mrs. H. E. Duke, 1872 East Woodland
avenue. The meeting was opened
with the glory song on the victrola.
Mrs. H. w. Vinson had charge of the
devotions. The following officers
were elected for the year 1876:
President-Mrs. l.. G.. Holmes.
Vice president-Mrs. Smythe.
Secretary-Mrs. Henry Hervey..
Corresponding secretary-Mrs. c. E.
Knight.
A very enjoyable social time follow
ed and refreshments were served.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
CONSERVATION LEAGUr.
RESUMES MEETINGS.

The central circle of the Child Con-
servation league will hold its first
meeting of the autumn Tuesday after
noon, September Z at 3 o'clock in the
Y. w. C. A. parlors. A special program
has been planned consisting of ad-
dresses, which will be very helpful to
the mothers, musical numbers and
readings.
1t is hoped that each member of the
club will make a special effort to be
present and thus express her interest
in the work.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
ENTERTAIN CLASS
AT HOME OF PASTOR.

The Be One-Win One class of the
Moore Street Brethren church was
very pleasantly entertained Wednes-
day evening, by Rev. and Mrs. S. l..
Cover, 11S South Moore street. A fea-
ture Of entertainment was a program
of Rotations, music and readings. Re-
freshments were served. Seventeen
guests were present.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
FRIENDS HONOR
WESLEY PARKER.

A number of friends carried out a
delightful surprise party Thursday
evening in honor of Wesley Parker at
his home, 613 Benton avenue. Mr..
Parker leaves soon to take up his
studies in the school for veterinarians
at Chicago. The hours were spent with
games and music and refreshments
were served.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
MRS FECHT HOSTESS
TO TWO O'CLOCK.

Mrs. Emil Fecht entertained the
Two o'clock club Wednesday after
moor at her home lis North Sheridan
Plans were made to complete
the calendar and the hours were en-
joyed with fancy work. One visitor was
present besides the guests. Refresh
ments were served.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
CLUB ENJOYS A
SOCIAL AFTERNOON.

The Happy Hour club was very
pleasantly entertained Wednesday
afternoon by Mrs. Mollie Gossage, 201
North Moore street. The hours were
enjoyed with a program of readings
and music. The hostess served represh-
ments. Fifteen guests were present.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
LARGE ATTENDANCE AT
AFTERNOON RECEPTION.

The Ladies' Aid society of the First
Presbyterian church was entertained
at the first monthly reception of the
fall season Thursday afternoon at the
home of Mrs. E. E. McElroy, 514 Ches-
ter venue. The hours were enjoyed
in a social way. Refreshments were
served by the hostess and committee.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07

course dinner was served was decorat-
ed with fall flowers, cover being laid
for twenty. During the afternoon an
informal musical program was given,
consisting Of a piano and violin duet
by the Misses Lena and Ruth Emery,
who assisted their mother in enter
tanning, and readings by Mrs. Ferman,
Master Edward Curtis and little Mar
garet Emery. The time was spent with
fancywOrk.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
HONOR DINNER AND
FIVE HUNDRED PARTY.

Mr.. and Mrs. #. L. Garfield enter
tanned Thursday evening at a Z o'clock
at their home, 33S North Wei
Ter street, in honor of Mrs. Will Nc
Kee and son, Gordon, of Chicago.
Tables were placed for Five Hundred
and the first honor was awarded Mrs
F. P. Gilbert and the second to MT
Gilbert. Refreshments were served.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
REGULAR MEETING
OF KEYNOTE CLUB.

The Keynote club met Thursday at
ternoon with Miss Bertha Sigmund,
1O1 North Miner street. A musical
program was enjoyed and refresh
ments were served. The next meet,
ing will be with Miss Claudine Girls
man, 1872 South Ward street.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07

full farewell dinner Thursday evening
at her home, 209 East Court street, as
a courtesy to her mother, Mrs. Nancy
Rivers who is returning home to In
dianapolis, Ind, after a three weeks
visit here. Covers were laid for twenty
four guests, the tables being decorated
in pink and white with carnations.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
SIX O'CLOCK DINNER
At SAUNDERS HOME

Mr.. and Mrs. L C. Saunders enter
tanned at a six o'clock dinner Thurs
day evening at their home go Queen
Ann avenue, in honor of Miss Mabel
Larson and Lawrence Veceles Of Lin
coin, Nebr. The after dinner hours
were enjoyed with music.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
WEINIE ROAST HELD
IN WILDWOOD PARK.

The Artaban and Brigadier classes
of the Plymouth Congregational church
enjoyed a weinie roast Thursday even
ing at Wildwood. Fifteen young folks
were present and were c~haperoned by
Misses Mae and Ruby Ditch and Miss
Minnie Hoffman,.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07

villa and Zapata are arranging a
peace meeting in Mexico and Miss
Jane Adams Is arranging one for
Chicago. 90 to it-some people have
an little that is practical to occupy
their time that they don't know what
to do with 1t.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07

Street Christian church held a very
delightful coffee Thursday afternoon in
the parlors of the church. There were
fifty ladies present and It proved to be
a very enjoyable occasion. Refresh
ments were served by a committee Of
ladies.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
KINGS HERALD BAND.
POSTPONES MEETING.

The meeting Of the Kings Herald
Band of the First M. E. church,
scheduled for Saturday afternoon in
the church parlors has been postponed
for two weeks or until Saturday
September 10. At that time the annual
election of officers will be held.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
PICNIC WEDNESDAY
At SNYDER HOME.

The Child Welfare League enjoyed
an all day picnic Wednesday with
Mrs. j. w. Synder corner of Hammond
and Sunnyside avenues.
Dinner was served picnic fashion
and the afternoon hours were enjoyed
on the lawn.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
AFTERNOON TEA
OF AID SOCIETY.

The Ladies' Aid society of the Davis
Street Christian church was held
Thursday afternoon in the church par
Tors with a large attendance. Mes
danes F. A. McMillen, G.. A. Hamp-
shire, Elder and McReynolds were the
hostesses.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
CASTLAW CLUB
At RISSELL HOME.

Mrs. G. M. Bissell pleasantly enter
tanned the Castlelaw club at her home
east of The city Wednesday afternoon.
The hours were spent with needlework
and refreshments were served. Out Of
town guests present were Mrs. Fred
Castelar, of Kansas City, Mo-, and Mrs.
Frank Burton of Wapello.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
WOMAN'S CONDITION
SERIOUS

The condition of Mrs. John Smith
who was injured recently when .
street car struck an automobile In
which she was riding was reported
this afternoon In a serious condition
and very weak. Doubts are being enter
tanned for her
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07

safety first" is a good motto but
l. too many people wait until it is too
late to be careful.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07

Of the site for the building is expected
to be definitely settled.
The men were expected today
Chairman J. B. Sax of the hotel COM
mittee In a telephone conversation with
them today earned that they coul
not come and probably would be here
the first Of the week. Mr. Sax is expect
ing them Tuesday and feels assured
that the site will be settled upon at
that time.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
ENTERTAINS SUNDAY
SCHOOL CLASS BOYS.

Hugo Montanus was host to the
boys of his Sunday school class of the
East End Presbyterian church Thurs
day afternoon at Colgan's grove.
Dinner was served picnic fashion, sew,
en- boys being present. Games were
enjoyed during the afternoon.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
NEEDLECRAET CLUB.
HOLDS QUILTING.

The Needlecraft club enjoyed an all
day quilting Wednesday a. the home
of Mrs. E. J. Thompson, sol Wabash
venue Covers were laid for eleven
and dinner was served at 12o'clock.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07

England is the goose that is laying
the golden eggs for Uncle Sam now.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07

Ministers are not the only men who
marry for money.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07

Enthusiasm is the stepmother OF
hustle.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07
GIVES A FAREWELL
DINNER FOR MOTHER

Mrs. Edwin Lager gave a delight
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-09-07

The Ladies' Aid society Of the Davis
The Daytona daily news. [volume] (Daytona, Fla.) 1903-1926, 1915-12-24

SIXTEEN INCH COAST DEFENSE BE1ow TYPE

would not withstand high explosives |
fired from beyond their range.
The Russians. profiting by the lesson,
built parapets of sand bags high in
front of their batteries. Then hundreds
of men shoyeled loose sand squarely in
front of the parapet.
The United States learned that the
battery which Won Hindenburg sixteen
times destroyed" was actually buried
in sand that number of times. But it
was always dug out and moved to an
had been prepared.
The ~ centimeter shells would not
explode in a sand pile. Many sand
piles are now sheltering our coast de
lenses.
The United States has learned from
the European war that the turret is a
protection needed only against indirect
fire. 1t is now being utilized in an en-
tirely new manner by our coast defend
ers. But the secret is buried and will
not come out unless we are engaged by
an enemy. Whether it has reached its
new perfection in our continental or in
sular defenses is a closely guarded SCI
cret
Where the enemy's artillery is sue
cessfully concealed, the United States
arbiters have determined that turret
protection is absolutely required. 1t
may be decided, as the result of the
conferences now proceeding. to protect
several of our largest batteries In this
manner.
The insular coast defenses Of the
United States are declared to be in
very good condition. Equipped with
the most modern ideas, the Panama
canal may be considered adequately
protected. The work in the Philip
pines and at Honolulu is progressing
satisfactorily to the ordnance experts.
The construction of the proposed
movable "35's" is extremely costly.
The details are being worked out In
shape that can be presented to the
American public The carriage costs
half as much as the gun itself. But
the wide radius Of operation thus pro-
vided is regarded as amply justifytng
the expense
The Daytona daily news. [volume] (Daytona, Fla.) 1903-1926, 1915-12-24
Can Be Hurried From Point to
Point In Case of Attack
by Foreign Foe.

velocity. and the area Of damage In
creases in ratio.
Ordnance experts have argued that
the most effective firing of the new
"thirty-6ves" is at that range which
will keep the enemy navy where his
observation of his own fire is impossi.
BILE. The maximum range will not be
considered as material in such firing.
The limit of the horizon. governed by
the conditions of each occasion. will
determine
For purposes of perforation of armor
OF the enemy the range will be. much
increased over the firing for ..racking'
explosive effect The twelve inch gun
Will perforate armor plate at 1900
yards. the modern fourteen inch gun
at $4,000 yards and the sixteen inch
gun at $4,000 yards.
To Hold Of Dreadnaughts.
The council has produced advocates
OF both methods of-tlefensive firing.
The new "35's" are to be equipped for
both armor piercing and contact shells
II conditions do not warrant the con-
The Daytona daily news. [volume] (Daytona, Fla.) 1903-1926, 1915-12-24

oeage Of drafting plans for sectional
always to be laid down within few
oqQS to transport these monsters
eefoas country. from one trunk rail-
Way to another.
Inc plan calls for cooperation by
~ of the principal railroads along the
Atlantic seaboard. These corporations
NJ to be asked for data at the earliest
cement to show what reconstruction
~ strengthening of bridges are neces-
~ to make safe and sure the safe
ma rapid movement of these great
eannon.
The twelve and fourteen inch bat
e1es which now defend the coast har-
- win not be disturbed. They are
Aelled upon In this discussion as the
import for the huge travelling bat
1ories.
Power of Big Guns.
The sixteen inch gun now at Sandy
nook proving grounds, the only one
eWned by the United States, is fifteen
pers old 1t is obsolete and has no
Qrther consideration in this story.
me stxteen inch guns which 1t Is
0poeed to mount as movable bat
les are to be new and modern guns.
&ney are not sixteen inch" guns to
y army. Artillery officers call them
thirty -fves"
4ney propel a charge which, II
qcarely placed. will sink the largest
Nndnaught at the edge of the hori-
- The shell will strike the dread
Qght while travelling at nearly 5000
~ per second. The charge, weigh
4 $500 pounds. is guaranteed by the
perts to be a much higher explosive
Nm xuncotton.
me fourteen inch guns along our
eoef fire a 1850 pound projectile at
- rate of $3.50 feet per second. They
ave Z maximum range of $4,000 yards
ten miles-and. theoretically. will
srce 11.2 armor plate at $4,000 yards.
me maximum range of the new
lrty- 6ves" could only be reached by
~ the gun at an angle of forty-five
xeea In actual service the gun Is
~ elevated over twenty degrees
- lower the elevation the greater the