The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-08-01
TODAY MARKS THE
4 FIRST ANNIVERSARY
OFEllROPEAN VAR

fifty per cent SSSd1SE lndn InS 80
production Of the world during the
last 200 years. Other estimates run
still higher to twenty billion dollars
or more.
4 In addition to the money expended
Il directly on the war, the loss IN de-
struction of property on land ana sea
has run high into the. millions. Great
losses are being occasioned by the
cessation or curtaflment OF many
forms OF productive INDUSTRY. ane
4 energies OF the world have been large
lily diverted to making war. Factor
les of all sorts have been turned over
j to the making of war munitions, men
taken from mill and field, to be re-
placed by women, old men and chill
cren. Economists assert that for gem
erations to come the world Will feel
the effect Of the huge losses, IN tne e
burden OF taxation and otherwise. and
lsociologists make conflicting pred1c-
/ lions as to its moral, physical and
lpsychological effect on generations
4 living and to come.
Neutrals Affected.
4 Neutra1s as well as -belligerents
have been affected The financial
stringeney which followed the out
break of war was world wide me
United States, in common with other
Ineutrals has been confronted with the
D.
]! particularly at sea. and has sent notes
OF remonstrance to England and Ger
i many, the complications with the lat
ter country following the sinking OF
the Lusitania giving especial concern.
4 The war has been attended with
many unexpected features, one OF
which is its protraction. 1t had been
believed that. such struggle woulo
be OF comparatively short duration,
on account of the cost and loss OF
life it would entail. At the outset
| It was commonly said that within less
than a year the nations involved
would be compelled to seek peace
Through financial exhaustion, If Tor
no other reason. While each Side has
won its victories. no final results
have been reached in any of the cam
paigns, with a few minor exceptions.
OF the lesser operations in distant
colonies. Over the. greater part OF
the Franco-Belgian front the oppos-
ling millions are facing each otner IN
the same positions as last September
Movements on the eastern front nave
been wider, but with no signs or an
approaching decision.
The German plan Is generally as
sumed to have been to deal first with
France, in the early weeks of the war
before the Russian army, slower to
mobilize, was able to present SER
ious menace;> and then to turn on
Russia The fierce resistance OF Bel
GUM and the unexpectedly quick mo-
Ibilization of both the French and RUS
sian armies prevented the full fruit
ion of this plan. Nevertheless Ger
many has been able to hold her own
on both the eastern and western
fronts. a5
In reality the struggle OF the elev-
en- nations is divided into number OF
separate wars, related to each otner
| in only q general way. The whole
field of military operations may De
summarized, as follows:
In France and Belgium, Germany is
! battling with Great Britain, France
and Belgium In August, Germany in
yaded Belgium and France, pushing
southwark almost to the gates or
Paris. Following the battle of the
| Marine, perhaps the most important
contest OF the war thus far, the Ger
mans were compelled to retreat and
4 have since held an entrenched line
! from the Belgium coast to Alsace. re-
| tanning possession of northwestern
France and most of Belgium. In this
| theater the war has been so even that
the capture or a group OF houses OF a
few yards OF trenches has been con-
sidered victory worthy OF mention
in the official reports. The German
attempt to break through to the Eng
lish channel; the British victory at
Neuve Chapelle. the German triumph
at scissors, while calling forth SUI
prime efforts, did not materially
i change the relative positions Of the
ANTAGONISTS along the front of nearly
800 miles.
4 On the eastern front Russia faces
German and Austria Hungary. Rus
~ lSota oV16 MI
wilma, capturing most OF the former
province, but lost the greater part OF
this territory as a result OF Field
Marshal Won Mackensen's great drive
from Cracow. The, Germans invaded
Russian Poland, and their attempts to
capture Warsaw led to some OF the
deadliest fighting of the war. In time
the struggle here settled down to
trench warfare, much as in the west
with Germany retaining large part
OF Russian Poland. Russian invas-
l ions of East Prussia resulted in dis
astrous defeats. Further north, the
Germans swept into the Baltic prov
iinces of Russia, capturing Ltbau, on
the sea. The unprecedented extension
of battle lines which this war has
witnessed reached its most remark
able exemplification in this campaign
in which the front has been drawn
out more than 600 miles, from the
Baltic to Bukowina.
italian Campaign.
Italy, after ten months Of uncer-
tainty, began war with Austria Hun
gary, In May, and has occupied
fringe of Austrian territory in the
mountainous region to the north. Tri-
est and Trent are the detectives of the
. Italian campaign. Owing to the diff
ficult nature of the ground neither OF
the antagonists has made much head
way.
only the GallipoIi peninsula in the
Dardanelles and in the Bosphorus
Turkey, aided by her Teutonic allies
is at war with France, Great Britain