davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30
DESTROY CORN STUBBLE
Farmers Can Reduce Damage from
Corn Stalk Borer by Turning
Under StubbIe In Fall.

Corn stubble should not be allowed
to stand in the field all winter undis-
turbed. The corn stalk borer Is one
OF the reasons" for this. This insect
is one Of the most notorious corn
pests of the South and evidence of its
work can be seen In practically any
corn field at harvest time. It Is the
cause Of the holes that may occur In
any portion OF q stalk.
The corn stalk borer remains as q
larva, or worm. In the base of corn
ssubble beneath the ground during the
winter. Farmers do this insect a
great favor. therefore, when they let
their corn stubble stand undfsturbed
IN the field during fall and winter.
Destroying corn stubble is not very
easy. except on modernly equipped
farms where there is sufficient horse
power and the stubble can be turn
ed under thoroughly. There is, there.
fore. some temptation to leave 1t un.
disturbed. But the advantages OF
turning stubble are such that farm.
er cannot we'll afford not to do it..
Turning II under helps very much In
reducing the corn stalk borer for
the next season.
Where thorough turning cannot be
praGttced. there are other methods
such as busting out" the stubble and
hauling it to the compost heap for rot.
ting. BY another method, after the
corn Is gathered. stalks, stubble, and
everything else may be "busted out"
raked into heaps and, after a few
weeks for drying. burned. In expert
mental work very large percentage
Of corn stalk borer larvae (worms)
was destroyed during winter where
the stubble was plowed out and left
exposed to the weather.
But when these methods are prac.
ticed by farmers only here and there,
1t will not help the situation very
much. The control Of the corn stalk
bOrer depends upon the cooperative
action Of the farmers OF a community.
The fact must also be borne in
mind that It Is an extravagaut prac-
tice to let corn fields lie idle and ex-
posed during the winter months. not
only on account OF these insect pests,
but also on account Of the loss from
washing and teaching OF soils.
A. r. CONRADI.
Professor of Entomology,
Clemson Agricultural College.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30
SHIP IN FLAMES AT SEA.
Mallory Liner Loaded With Six Thou
sans Bales Of Cotton Burns.


Charleston. Oct. 25.-The Mallory
liner Colorado, which cleared from
Charleston for New York last night
with a cargo of 5000 bales of cot
ton caught fire and was abandoned
at sea off Cape Roman, between 80
and 40 miles from Charleston, accord
ing to advices received at the local
office of the Clyde line this morning.
Capt. Congdon and his crew of 81
men were picked up by the Suwanee,
a Merchants and Miners steamship,
bound for Baltimore. No word as
to the origin and nature of the fire
had been received late this afternoon.
The local tugs Waban and Cecilia
put to sea on receipt Of the news, in
tending to salvage the vessel and part
of her cargo if possible. Both are
equipped with special fire fighting ap-
paratus
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30
HOW TO CHOOSE POULTRY FOR Pro.
DUCT|ON OF EGGS OR TABLE FOWLS
characteristics of Chickens That Make Them Good Laying
General Purpose Breeds-White Legho1n and Barred
atl Plymouth Rock Most Popular Varieties

Breeds Of poultry can be convent
emily divided into two classes: (1)
the egg breeds, and (2) tho general
purpose breeds. This division is like
that Of cattle into beef and dairy
types, and OF horses into light and
heavy classes.
In the egg breeds of poultry the
primary requirement is the produc-
ton OF q great number Of eggs Of
standard size. The fowls are not ex.
pected to be prime table specimens,
but they must lay throughout the
year, except when they have to rest
and recuperate. They do not sit and
hatch chickens and they lay white
shelled eggs. The more popular egg
breeds are Leghorns, Minorcas. An.
conas and Campines. The most popu-
lar variety of these breeds is the SIN
gle Comb White Leghorn.
All large egg farms are stocked
with White Leghorn pullets and hens.
because it is possible to obtain
breeding stock In this variety that
has blood lines Of heavy egg produc.
tdon behind it. Pullets from a heavy.
laying strain are better layers than
pullets of no special breeding.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30
EXPENSE STATEMENTS.
MayOralty Candidates Make Final Rs.
port ON Expenditure.

MayOralty Candidates Make Final Rs.
port ON Expenditure.
Mayor John p Grace and Major I.
T. Hyde have filed with the clerk Of
court their final statements Of ex-
penses in connection with the recent
mayoralty campaign. Mayor Grace's
statement after the primary reports
expenses at $176, for use at the polls.
which, with the amount listed in hts
former statement s4.S33.43.. brings
the total to s5,009.43.
In Major Hyde's final statement, ST.
600 is stated as paid for watchers.
challengers and ralliers on election
day, and $45 for rent Of headquarters
and sundry expenses there; the addi-
ton Of these amounts bring the pre-
vious total of $S,O24.07 to s4,96s.07.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30
COTTON GINNING REPORT.
Only 5,713,3f7 Bales So Far Prepared

Only 5,713,3f7 Bales So Far Prepared.
Washington. Oct. 25.-The third
cotton ginning report Of the season.
compiled from reports of census bu-
reau correspondents and agents
throughout the cotton belt and issued
at 10 a. m, today. announced that
5.713,347 bales of cotton, counting
round as half bales, Of the growth Of
1915 had been ginned prior to Oc-
tober Is. This compared with 7,6I9,-
TAI bales, or 47.9 per cent of the en-
tire crop, ginned prior to October IS
last year, 6,973,51S bales, OF 4s.9 per
cent, in 1913, and 6.S74,2 zoe bales, or
81 per cent. in 1912.
Included in the ginnings were
"a, 1922 round bales compared with
1929 last year. $4,000 in 1913 and
Alias in 1912.
Sea island cotton included number
ed 40,257 bales. compared with S0.O7S
bales to October IS last year, 81, ,139
in 1913 and 1875 bales in 1912.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30
DRASTIC LAWS NEEDED.
ray Plot Shows Urgent Necessity oi
Law to Punish EspOinarc

Washington, Oct. 2G.-High orci,,e
sec IN the latest bomb plot discovered
IN New York additional reasons for
drastic neutrality laws, and congress
VIII be asked by tho president to en-
act them. Already Assistant ATTORNEY
General Warren is drafting measures
which would give the federal rovorp-
mont absolute powers to punish So
dition and espionage. Officials believe
that the surface of the Fay conspiracy
has merely been scratched. Addition
a fccrct service men have been sent
80 work on the case All of the guilty.
partners viii be prosecuted.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30
SEMI HOLIDAY GRANTED.
schools Will Not Close out School
Children Permitted to Attend State
Fair.

The Board of Education. instead of
granting holiday, has extended. to
the pupils the privilege Of attending
the fair tomorrow, without loss Of
credit. This privilege is confined 10
one day, as great confusion would re-
suit, if the pupils were absent on
different days. This will allow all
the pupils, who wish to do so, to be
in Columbia on Sumter day.
A company of seventy cadets will
go over tomorrow on regular military
rates. This has been arranged for in
obedience to the urgent wishes Of the
different committees of the Chamber
of Commerce.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30
GERMAN CONSPIRACY CONFESS
ED.
Robert Fay Of SaXOny Details Plot
Fostcrcd by KaisCr's Secret Service
to Disable Liners Sailing From Unit
ed States Ports.

| Now York, Oct. 25.-Detahs Of a
plot to hamper munitions shipments
to the allies by placing clockwork
bombs on the rudders or propellers
of ships to disable the vessels on their
way across the Atlantic were dis
closed today in the confession of one
OF five men charged with conspiracy
to violate federal statute.
After the confession of Robert Fay,
lieutenant of the Sixteenth Saxony
infantry, who admitted that he came
to this country last April through an
agreement with the German secret
service to blow up or delay steamers
laden with war supplies for the allies,
William j. Flynn, chief of the secret
service, tonight filed before United
States Commissioner Houghton an af-
fdavit in which Fay and four others
are charged with promoting the con-
spiracy A hearing was set for No
vember A.
Fay confessed that while on the
battlefield he talked with superior Of
fcers about device to blow up ships,
that later his idea of coming to Amer
lea and carrying his scheme through
was we'll received by the German
secret service; that he came we'll
equipped with money to act on his
own responsibility and that he talked
with Capt. Won Papen, military at
tache. and Capt. Eoyd-Ed, naval at
tache Of the German embassy, about
the plan, but they had refused to have
anything to do with it.
The confession of Fay, who said
he had been decorated with the Iron
Cross for fighting in the Champag gne
district in France, covers his arrival
in the United States April 23, last
his making of clockwork bombs since
then, and his activities in experiment.
ing with explosives along the Hudson
river.
Quantities Of acid in the room oc-
| SupiSu oy ray anu waiter L. SCnOlI
in Weehawken, N. j., and boxes con-
taining chlorate OF potash, used in
making socalled sugar bombs, in a
boat house on the Hudson, We're found
after the arrest of the men Sunday.
Scholz, a brother-in-!aw of Fay, is a
mechanic.
| Two other men were arrested today
land another, making the fifth, was
named in the complaint but he had
not been apprehended. The new ar
rests were:
Paul Daechc, Jersey City, N. j.,
who said he was a graduate of Co.
logne university and came here in
1912.
| Herbert Kienzle, 2S years old, man.
ager Of clock company, charged in
the complaint with having aided in
procuring explosive materials used by
| Fay.
| Max Breitung, about whose identity
no details were disclosed, was named
/ rs one Of the conspirators. 1t was
stated that Breitung had not been
unprecedented.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30

A simple test OF a good layer Is to
measure the distance from the two
pelvic bones Zone on each side of the
vent) to the rear end of the breast
bone. This distance should be as wide
as four fingers when the hen is lay.
ing. When the hen has this depth and
LIS also wide across her rear It proves
that she has an abundance OF room to
manufacture eggs constantly and par
tlcularly the egg shells, which are
formed in this part of her body. Such
a hen will lay well when properly
cared for.
Hens with q small distance between
the pelvic bones and rear of breast
bone and tight or unyielding rear body
are not good layers. Put bands on the
legs Of your layers and note how many
consecutive days they lay without
resting. That will show how long
each hen can maintain her egg flow
an dthe better layers are those which
can continue laying for longer periods.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30
DO NOT NEGLECT TOOLS
Farmers Suffer Large Losses by Fail.
ure to Care for implements That
Arc Not IN Use. .,,

The farmer who puts away his farm
machinery without oilins and clean.
ing 1t is certain to lose In the dete-
rioration OF the machinery many times
what the time to care for II would
have been worth. Failure to take care
of farm machinery ds source OF large
loss to the American farmer annually.
Most farmers realize that they
would save money by taking good care
of their machines, but neglect to do
so, either through carelessness or In.
difference. The most important step
toward having efficient machinery is
keeping it in good repair. In spare
time, each machine should be care
fully inspected and all missing, broken
or overworn parts noted. Write the
names and numbers Of missing parts
on tags and fasten these tags to the
machine.
All machines should have d general
inspection at least once q year. A
rainy day in late fall is very good for
this purpose.
Exposure to weather Injuries both
wooden and metal parts of machines
and a machinery shed should by all
means be part of the farm equip-
ment. Every machine should be clean.
ed. oiled. and housed after 1t has been
used.
Painting aids greatly in improving
the appearance and prolonging the life
OF machines. 1t protects both wood
and metal from the weather. Paint
should be used freely when needed.
One OF the best paints for all farm
implements Is made with red lead and
linseed oil.
The use OF good farm implements is
increasing rapidly in South Carolina
and farmers owe It to themselves to
be more careful of their tools. In the
year that has gone, they have learned
some important lessons in economy,
but there Is probably no more practi.
cal way in which farmer can econo-
mize than by taking the proper care
OF his farm implements-repairing
them. oiling them. housing them, and
painting them.
SIDNEY S. RITTENBERG,
Agricultural Publicist.
Clemson Agricultural College
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30

How can one detect heavy laying
characteristics IN mature pullet or
hen? Notice the illustration Of the egg
type hen. Note how her body resem-
bies the wedge shape of the dairy
COW. Narrow and trim at her neck
and wide and deep at the rear, she
has the greater part Of her body be.
hind her legs. A good layer has q
large. SOFT flexible rear end. drop
ping down between her legs and so
wide that the legs are set far apart to
accommodate It. The rear end of the
hen corresponds to the udder of the
daAry COW and must be large and yiold-
ing, not small and hard.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30

The general purpose breeds have
been selected primarily for the pro
duction Of table poultry. They are
a,so good layers Of brown-shelled eggs.
They hatch their chicks and are the
most satisfactory for those who want
one flock of purebred chickens for
both meat and egg purposes. The
more popular of the general purpose
breeds are Plymouth Rocks. Rhode Isl.
and Reds. Wyandottes and Orpingtons
The most popular variety is the Bar
red Plymouth Rock. This is recog.
nized as the best chicken for market
as 1t Is large and well-meated and fat.
tens profltably when confined In
crates.
FRANK c. HARE
Extension Poultry Husbandman.
Clemson Agricultural College.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30
REVELATIONS OF PLOT CON
TINUE.
German COnspiratOrs Planned to Dc
strOy New Jersey Plant.

stroy New Jersey Plant.
New York, Oct. 26.-Paul Seib, the
fifth member of the Fay plot, has
made important revelations to police
secret service men today, refuting
Fay's claim that they did not intend
to harm munition plants. He declar-
cd that the plotters planned to DESTROY
the giant plant Of the American Agri-
cultural Company, at Roosevelt, N.
j., last Thursday, but were prevented
by the vigilance of the guards and de-
cided to await more favorable op-
portunity. The Roosevelt plant is
owned by the Standard Oil Co., and
is making chemicals for the manufac-
ture of high explosives. The officials
are convinced that the seeming will
ingness of Fay and Scholz to confess
i3 merely sly effort to conceal the
true significance Of the plot. Officers
are looking for Maj. Breitung, who is
said to be a relative of the millionaire
banker Edward Breitung. Seib acted
rs the purchasing agent for the plot
ters, securing various explosives for
the manufacture of boz
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30

Eighteen Negroes Escape From
Knoxville Jail.

Knoxville, Oct. 26.--Eighteen ne
groes' one of them under sentence of
death for the murder of Chief of Po-
nee Campbell OF Johnson City, sawed
their way out of the Knox county iail
last nisht. During the early hours
this morning one OF the sherifr's posse
shot and killed Lee Moore, negro
porter, mistaking him for one OF the
escaped negroes. Two prisners have
been recaptured.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30
WOUNDS PROVE FATAL.
Vestel Hancock Dies From Shots by
Negro.

Cheraw, Oct. 25.-vestel Hancock,
who was shot by Charlie Chapman, a
negro, Saturday night. died in Ham,
let hospital while on the operating
table.
The coroner's inquest was held
here this morning, the verdict being
that Mr.. Hancock came to his death
from gunshot wounds at the hands
Of Charlie Chapman, his brother.
Lewis, being accessory to the crime
Both are in jail.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30

Some of the share-croppers, ten
ant farmers and lieners who wer0
financially embarrassed last fall but
were carried over by their creditors are
being closed out. having been unable
to pay their debts out Of this years
crop. The effect Of last years disaster
will be felt for years and n good many
farmers as we'll as merchants have
had to make q fresh sart.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30
GIVES NO DECISION.
'iosing of Dispcnsar.cs Under Adj
yiscmcnt.

Columbia, Oct. 2G.--Gov. Manninr
s'Id last night that he had not reach
'o decision relative to the closing of
all dispCnsaricS in Columbia this week.
petition asking that the dispcnsarics
no closed has been fled by university
students. The dispensarles will he
closed Thursday anyway under stat
ute' as Will he the banks and the va
riouS public Offices.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30
ALUNTTE-PoTAsu MINING.
Possible Potash supply for This
Country; shipping Utah Potash i'm
Cotton Bsss 90 south.
Manufacturers Record.

Manufacturers Record.
In reply to a telegram TO the Inter-
ior Department for any additional in
formation available on the alunite-
potash development In Utah, about
which tho Department has issued q
bulletin. Hon. Franklin X. Lane
Secretary OF the Interior. sends us the
following:
The first mill for the treatment of
ampite In this country. according to q
special report made by v. c. Helkes,
I'm charge of the Salt Lake office of
the Geological Survey. has just been
put into operation and reports a pro-
duction OF two tons OF potassium sui
phate and nearly 100, 200 gallons OF So
luton containing a large amount of
potash.
The mill Is situated about five
miles southwest OF Marysvaie. a small
settlement near the central part of
Utah. The claims from which the
alunite ore Is obtained are about four
miles west of the mill. The main
facts regarding tho geological occur
renee OF the ore have been published
by the Survey In Bulletin 511.
Interest at the present time GEN.
ters about the commercial production
Cl potash from this ore. The follow
ing is an outline OF the various steps In
the prcess of extracting the potash
saltss Sc F. alt'l .iHA;SP4 III
The ore after being mined is de-
livered to an aerial tram $4,000 feet
long and with fall OF 1900 feet, by
which IL is conveyed and delivered to
a storage bin, from whence 1t Is haul
ed by wagons TO the mill.
From the ore bins at the mill the
alunite passes through gyratory
crusher; then through n set of rolls,
and thence is delivered TO n storage
bin. This material is mixed with pow
dered slack coal and Is fed into ro-
tary kiln In which II is roasted The
roasted material is elevated TO a stor-
age bin, from which II Is drawn off
into digester. In the digester 1t Is
mixed with water and the sulphate of
potassium dissolved out. The charges
from the digester are stored in wood
en- tanks. From these tanks the mix
ture Is pumped into n filter press,
where the insoluble alumina and the
water soluble potash arc separated.
The solution is then evaporated I'm
triple effect vacuum pans. The sui
phate OF potassium crystals are sepa-
rated out. drained and dried. The
dried powder Is pulverizcd, screened
an sacked for shipment.
''The boiler plant uses slack coal for
fuel. Boilers having a rating OF 600
horsepower produce steam for driving
three engines. running tho machinery
OF the plant The exhaust steam is
used for evaporating the solutions and
drying the product.
The capacity of the first unit OF the
plant Is estimated to be from 25 TO
80 tons OF sulphate of potassium q
day. In addition TO the valuable sui
phate OF potassium. the operators ex-
peet to gain n considerable return from
the filter cake left after the potash
solution has been removed from the
calcined material This cake consists
OF nearly pure alumina. This may
ne used for making refractory brick,
for IL is reported to withstand tenn
peratures as high as $500 degrees CEN
tgrade. IL may also prove to be
available for making aluminium"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30

Burning Cotton Ship Towed into
Charleston.

Charleston, Oct. 3s.-The Mallory
steamer Colorado. which was aban-
doned at sea yesterday has been
towed into port by two tugs, the flames
having been eXtinguished. The super
structure and part Of the SIX thousand
bales Of cotton in the cargo were de-
stroyed.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30

The dispcnsarics In Charleston will
remain closed during today. when
thc second primary is To lee held to
elect an alderman. The militia con-
inucS ON duty The governor had
no announcement to make as to when
q ne dispcnsarica would be rcopcncd
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30

In July the Manufacturers Record
Published an interview with Mr.. Moc.
Dowoil. I'm which he stated that he and
his associates had organized the Min
eral Products Corporation for tho
purpose OF developing n largo deposit
OF aluite near Marysvale. Piute county
Utah. about 200 miles from Salt Lake
City. Mr.. MacDowcll stated tho plant
was then being constructed for the
company by Westinghouse. Church.
Kurr q Co. or Now York. and upon
completion shortly would have an
output OF 25 tons OF potash per day.
this amount To he increased promptly
to 90 or so tons n day. He added that
while this quantity of potash was only
n drop I'm tho bucket To the fertiliz-
or industry. IL would probably lead to
greater development along this line
The foregoing telegram from Mr.
MacDowell Is OF special interest as
confirming his expectations announc-
ed In tho interview with him. and cs-
pcclaliy important I'm that n statement
~ made that the product ~ superior
90 the imported potash and that the
first shipment OF IL goes in cotton bags
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30
Especial Dispatch 10 Manufacturers
Record.)

Salt Lake City. Utah. Oct. IS.
returned this evening from our
MTrysvale mine and plant. The mine
Is devesoping splendidly and the pro-
cess is working entirely satisfactorily
and the product Is superior TO the i'm
ported potash. We have been delay
ed somewhat by the slowncss of tho
contractor In completing aerial tram
way. but the first unit should be run
ming 10. capacity next week. The first
car arulyzed % per cent sulphate pot
ash. and goes to the Armour Fertlliz-
er Works at Jacksonville. Fla. packed
In Southern cotton bags.
Charles III. MacDower,
President Armour Fertilizer Works
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30
EcpuUatc Fay Con.

New York. oct. Go. :ador
Won l'crnstorlf today denied m. owl
'dEc of the Fay conspirators or that
nis government had anything to do
with them.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-10-30

y Lig pen crop was mado this year
nj an effort Is being made to har-
81 lar"c part of 1t. PCaS will sell
for good price next spring.
The state herald., 1915-12-31

II vas Oliver. Oliver unkempt and
with signs upon him OF a nights work
OF study or writing: but oliver!-her
lover once. but now Just a stranger
into whose hand she must put this let.
The state herald., 1915-12-31

oliver where 10 oli,efl'
These vnrc itou,herH 1fst words.
aa, coming 30 herself. she perceived
Mr niaot bending heipleHaiy over her.
The answer was bflei, almost lndif
fsr.nt. Aianson Black sas outsins