davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-09
Engineering Triumphs of the Aque.
duct Builders of Ancient Rome
Far Surpassed by Their
Modern Descendants

The supply Of water from the main
canal to the 260 towns IN the three
provinces of Apulia and in the ada
cent province of potenza is secured as
follows:
For the Province Of FoGria the
water is taken by branch canal en-
tending over 2s.55 miles. of which ZIG
miles are tunnelled. s.4 miles are
s!phons and 3.44 miles are canal
bridge. one hundred and twvnty-nine
miles of branches run from il to the
towns There are II reservoirs OF a
total capacity OF l3,iiS,000 gallons. Q
pumping stations for supplying the
centres on a higher level than the
canal ami power stations of 1.0S7
horsepower total output. An inter-
ostinS feature is the great siphon of
Ofanto. having a length of 3.64 miles.
n normal output of 2a0 gallons per SEC
ond and drop of l02 feet.
For the province OF Bari and a few
towns in the province of Potenza the
supply is assured by 535 miles Of
canals and piping. There are fift,-
three reservoirs with total capacity
of 212l2 500 gallons. eight pumping
stations and eleven power stations
with a total output Of 3,62l horse
power.
The supply for the province Of Lecce
is taken by "A branch canal parting
from Fasano and extending over Is 9j
miles, OF which All miles are tun-
nelled. Four hundred and forty miles
of canals lead to the towns and 900
miles will be piping in the towns them
sc.ves. There VIII be seventy-seven
35,13S,5OO gallons.
For the supervision of the main
canal more than 100 miles of special
roads have been built, connecting with
the national and provincial ones.
About every four miles of canal there
i watchman's house, All buildings
are connected by an up to date tele-
phone system.
1t has occurred often, in the pre-
Ceding brief description of the who.e
ARRANGEMENT. to mention power and
pump stations. OF the former pro-
ducing energy ny the difference OF
level where it could he utilized, there
are a total number of eighteen rang
ing from 80 to $500 h. h. y. output.
As the total output of the power sta
tons is S,6s5 b. h. y. ana the total
amount required by the pump stations
VIII be 1897 b. N. p. there are still
available AIS b. h. p. which can be
advantageously supplied to the small
industries or to the farms scattered
all over the regions.
The supply of 2642 gallons per cap
tia per diem to a population of 2,2OO,-
600 people would scarcely utilize one
third to two-fifths of the whole out
put. The rest will be devoted to irri-
cation purposes and this will be one
of the greatest advantages of this I'M
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-09

dertak.ng which will bring so wonder
full an Improvement to that region Of
Italy.
The turning Of the water into tho
main canal, which took place officially
on April L. cele brated the successful
accomplishment Of this undertaking.
which has required more than ten
years actual work and an expenditure
Of more than s35,000,000.
\ few details sti. remain 20 be
completed and some towns in the prov
ince Of Lecce. the most distant from
the end of the main canal, will not
have their supply before the end OK
next year.
The great advance IN hydraulic en-
gineering is well illustrated 10y brief
comparison between tn. construction
of the great Roman aqueducts Of an
tiQu.ty and this most recent triumph
Of Italian engineers. The massive Rn-
man aqueducts impressive sections ~
which still remain and are familiar to
all who have travelled N Italy e'her
in the flesh or pictor!ally, in the sp.r!t'
sCorncd apparently al barriers l ma
ture. As matter Of fact. however,
the Romans found less difficulty in
constructing those remarkable arches
Of masonry across valleys. often n
double tl,r and rising % heights ex-
ceed.ng 100 feet. than they did n un-
foreground work.
In the latter form Of construction
they were linn ted to open cutting ana
short distance tunne.l.ng. Extensive
tunnelling, such as piercing the Alps
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-09

A FEW days ago a brief item,
u unroticed in the more spec
tacular flow Of war news, an
nounced the formal accom-
plishment Of an undertaking which in
point Of numbers benefited is one Of
the greatest Of its kind.
Quietly, without the clangor Of trum-
pets, modern Italy has achieved an
other big feat Of her luminous destiny
and her vi tory over thousand-year.
old foe is being celebrated by her sons
who had devoted TO that struggle the
best Of their intelligence and activity.
As the magic wand OF an almighty
rhabdomancer had they acted over
the soil OF Apulia, for hundreds Of
centuries deprived Of that most es-
sertial element Of life, water; a mag
nifcent stream Of water. captured
hundreds Of miles away, was given to
is inhabitants, as a blessed relief
10 their age old condition Of drought
and an incentive to a wonderful
Improvement Of their agricultural re-
sources and Of their industry.
Apulia represents the most impor-
tant part Of the southeast Of Italy.
Covering an area equal to one-four-
tenth Of the whole kingdom, bathing
her extended coasts on the Adriatic.
the sea Of the renewed fortunes Of
Italy her numerous ports being head
quarters for the Italian trade with the
Orient. Apulia constitutes a big factor
H. the economy Of the whole nation.
Nature, who was so generous with
her sister regions, showed herself very
parsimonious with her. Since the most
remote antiquity Apula had been
known for the scarcity Of her water
supply. "Siticulosa Apulia," she was
called by Horace. and this description
was not an exaggeration Of the truest
and most bitter reality. Her supply
If drinking water, except in a very
few sections of the province Of Bari.
was almost exclusively dependent on
rain water, which was previously COL
le"tcd and frugally conserved. In ex-
oep;!onally hot seasons the cisterns
invariably became empty, and the
Government was then compelled to
s.nl drinking water for the relief OF
the population by means OF tank
81 ps to the towns on the coasts
and IN tank wagons to the interior.
The reason for this almost total
a"sonce OF natural springs must be
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-09

Being composed Of rocks Of n most
porous nature these mountains repre-
sent an important factor in the
absorption Of water and atmospheric
moisture. Instead Of being allowed
TO travel enormous distances before
reappearing in form Of springs, as
usually happens, the water is stored
in the zone in which it collects.
An extended belt OF impermeable
clay isolates the group of mountains
referred to from the plateau above
which 1t towers and forms in the in
terror of the earth an immense natural
reservoir from which the excess of
water is allowed to escape only at the
lower points Of its edges. These lower
points being located in very restricted
area the springs are closely grouped,
The area covered by the porous rocks
covers about 233 square miles be-
tween Caposele, the right bank OF the
River Sele. Campagnn, Salerno and
Avellino. The total volume Of water
issuing from these springs is never
less than 5000 gallons per second.
These conditions were revealed by
series Of geological surveys and ac-
curate measurements of the volumes
Of water annually precipitated and the
output Of the springs. This survey led
also to an important discovery: that
the water required about six months
for its voyage through the under
ground canals and that the springs
reach their maxim output half a
year after the period Of the heaviest
rainfalls. Consequently there is no
fear of a shortage of water in the
aqueduct during the hotter months Of
the year.
OF the springs referred above. the
most important, from the standpoint
Of their utilization for the aqueduct Of
Apulia, were those emanating from the
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1915-09-23
JOURNAL ADVISES REVOLT
PRo-GERMAN EDITOR MAY GET
IN TROUBLE.
Calls President "SeEf- Sufficient Pro-
vincial" in Attacking Handling of
Arabic and Shipping Cases.

Milwaukee, Wis.-An editorial in
the Milwaukee Free Press, an
English pro-German newspaper, o n
trolled by local COMMUNICATIONS,
makes an open threat to revolt
against the president unless there are
changes in the manner in which the
administration is handling the cases
against Germany regarding the Arabic
and against England regarding the
seizures Of American ships destined
to neutral ports. The paper, after
declaring that the presidents unbend-
ing attitude toward Germany should
be duplicated in the shipping ques-
ton, continues:
"Let us say here and now that at
least 100000 of American citizens
have had their fill of this kind of
neutrality, are through with being
led by the nose and expect some stand
against Great Britain's increasing q
croachment on u rights.
Let us say, and without reserve,
that, unless the self-sufficient provin-
cial in the White House wakes up
one of these fine mornings to the
realization that he is more than a
president Of our Anglo-maniacs, that
he is in reality a president of the
American people, he will live to dis
I'VE a situation in this country that
will make him go down in American
history as the neutrality-suspicious. Of
the noblest nation that was ever
given a glorious opportunity on the
footstool of the universe"
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1915-09-23
Cabinet Faces Crisis,

London.-A cabinet crisis over the
question of Consumption is menacing
England. 1t is reported David Lloyd
George and Winston Spencer Church
i'll have been converted to forced serv-
ices in the army. Lords Curzon and
Lansdowne, Andrew Bonar Law, Wal
ter Hume Long, J. Austen Chamber
lain, the earl of Selbourne and Sir
Edward Carson, the conscriptionist
members, are said to be threatening
to resign unless Premier Asquith,
First Lord of the Admiralty Balfour,
Sir Edward Grey, Lord Kitchener and
other cabinet members adopt their
chosen policy to inaugurate forced
military service.
Lacking positive statements from
Premier Asquith and Lord Kitchener
that compulsory service is necessary
for the safety of the country, the sys-
ITEM is likely to find little support in
tthe present parliament with the Radi-
Gals, Laborites and Nationalist op-
posed to it.
Many members opposed to conscrip-
tion are prepared to accept, however,
the verdict of Premier Asquith and
the war secretary on the question
which is now a subject of serious con-
s%ideration in the cabinet.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1915-09-23
New Revenue for Roads.

New Revenue for Roads.
A plan to obtain a modern system
Of state highways by assessing each
auto owner in Missouri $40 q year for
i've years and employing the 1880
convicts now competing with free Ia
Dor has been announced by Col. Fred
d. Gardner since his return from a
tour Of the west
The project. Col. Gardner asserts,
would save each motorist at least
$50 a year in tires alone and would
enable the farmer to haul his produce
to market at a cost of 5 cents per ton
per mile, instead Of from IS to 40
cents as at present. The special tax
would yield $1,000 900 a year, he said.
This plan could be carried out
without a constitutional amendment
or a bond ISSUE" Col. Gardner said,
"and If combined with the adoption
of the land bank act and practical
agricultural instruction throughout
the state, would stop the depopula-
ton now going on t~wo-thirds Of the
counties Of Missouri.
ut would take the 1900 convicts,
removing them from competition with
free labor, and set them at 10 Sec
tional camps in the state to work to-
ward a central plan. By utilizing the
rock and gravel abundant in virtu-
ally every county of Missouri. this
state would have at the end of five
years one of the best and cheapest
systems of highways in the whole
country"
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1915-09-23
ARCTIC EXPLORER IS LOCATED
lStefansson, Long Given Up as Dead,
{ Sends Dispatches From New
Country He Discovered.

Nome, Observation-Disclosures Stefans-
son, chief of the Canadian government
Arctic exploring and surveying ex.
pedition that left Victoria, B. c., in
June, 1918, and who set out afoot
owe the ice with two companions
from the shores of Northeastern AL
aska in March, 1914, to seek new
land in uncharted seas has found new
land, and the only hardship endured
were those of short rations.
The power schooner Ruby arrived
from Herschel Island with dispatches
from Stefansson to the Canadian gov
eminent in which he omits reference
to ice perils and gives space to the
scientific results achieved. He seems
unaware of the anxiety his long abb
eence aroused.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1915-09-23
AMERICAN IN RUSS PRISON
Congressional Liberty Employe, Home
From Europe, Tells How Pass
port Was Taken From Him.

New York.-Dr. H. G. Leine-
weber, who is connected with the
music division of the Congressional
Library at Washington accompanied
by his wife and child, arrived on the
Russian steamer Kursk from Arch
angel. He told of being arrested by
Russian police, stripped and thrown
into a cell with five m%urderers.
DR.. Leineweber and his family went
to visit relatives near Grodno more
than a year ago. Last November he
and his brotherinlaw crossed the
Dvina River to Dvinsk to bup sup
plies. The men left their passports
at police headquarters being told the
papers would be sent to their hotel
shortly.
That same evening, Leineweber
said, the chief of police and 10 Off
GERS entered their room, stripped
them, took away all papers and let,
tiers and put DR.. Leineweber and his
brother-in-law in a small cell with
five murderers. F~orty-eight hours
later the Grodno police obtained their
release.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1915-09-23
FIND CLIFF DWELLER'S HOME
Scientist Believes Structure in Form
of Letter -" Was I'm.
NJ completed Fortress.

Denver, Colo.-Ruins of build
ings Of what are believed to have
been the last of the cliff dwellers re-
Gently have been excavated in the
Mesa Verde National Park, in South.
western Colorado, according to word
brought to Denver by Enos A. Mills,
Colorado author and naturalist. The
ruins, according to Mills, open the
way for new efforts to solve the mys-
terry Of the early races on the CONT
uent.
Excavation work has been done by
government agents, under supervision
of DR.. J. w. Fewkes Of Smithsonian
Institution. Scientists uncovered a
building Of cut and polished stone in
the form of letter Cd" with the up
right 1872 feet long and the curved
part 245 feet in circumference. The
walls are about seven feet thick and
hollow, with rooms inside. DR..
Fewkes believes the ruin was an un-
completed fortress.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1915-09-23
MINISTER TRIES SPECIALIZING
Rev. Newell Dwight Hills C~onfesses
to Congregation That He
Neglected Duty.

New York.-Rev. Newell Dwight
Hills, noted Brooklyn preacher, sue
cessor to Henry Ward Beecher and
Lyman Abbott in Plymouth Church,
an author and a chautauqua orator,
in his pulpit told his congregation that
his ambition for wealth and power had
utterly crushed his life, brought him
to the brink Of poverty and humbled
him SO that he said he was not worthy
to unloose the shoe lace of a poor
worker of the slums.
The audience for weeks had been
reading the papers of financial
troubles of their pastor. Serious
stories concerning him had reached
their ears.
DR.. Hills confessed to a congrega-
ton that wept while he spoke, that he
had speculated and was now on the
brink of bankruptcy. He confessed
that he had loved position too much
and that he had cherished his own in
terests while he neglected "the sick,
the poor, the friendless and the boys
and girls of hungry minds"
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1915-09-23
ANOTHER BORDER BATTLE.
cAVALRYMEN FIGHT WITH CAR
RAMA TROOPS.
European Nations Ask What U. S.
Intends to Do for Harmony
in Mexico.

Brownsville, Tex.-American cav
alrymen and Carranza soldiers
had a 15-minute battle across the
river near the city limits of Browns
vile. Soldiers report they killed one
Mexican and hit five others. They
saw about Is Carranza soldiers in
two separate groups.
None of the Americans was hit.
The fight was stopped by a Carranza
officer, who rushed up to his men and
reprimanded them in strong language.
He then shouted across the river to
the Americans that the Carranza
troops who fired had violated instruc-
tons. This officer was seen to beat
some Of the soldiers with his sword
to stop the firing. The Mexicans with
drew.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1915-09-23
FACTORY
READY TO START.
SYSTEM A5oLlsHINe CONTRACT
LABOR APPROVED BY THE
BOARD OF INSPECTORS.
SELL PRODUCT IN 80 DAYS
State Institutions Must First Be Sup
piled Before Plans Are Form
ulated for Selling to the
General Public.
Jefferson City.

JEFFERSON City.
Within 80 days the state-owned and
operated manufactures in the Mis-
souri, penitentiary will be ready to
begin the sale of clothing supplies
to the various penal, eleemosynary
and other institutions of the state.
Plans perfected by Lester s. Parker,
supervisor Of Industries in the pris-
on, under the law enacted by the last
legislature, a%bolishing the contract
system of convict labor, have been
approved by the board of inspectors
and will be carried out.
The intent of the law, primarily, as
it is construed by him, is the manu-
facture of supplies of all kinds for
the state institutions. In his view
it is mandatory that the needs of the
institutions be supplied first of all by
the prison factories before the plans
are perfected for selling on the gen
eral market.
Under the plans worked out by Mr..
Parker and approved by the inspect
ors there will within a few months be
500 ~convicts employed in manufacture
ing supplies needed by the state.
These plans contemplate the in
stallation of factories for the manu-
facture of the following articles:
Tin and galvanized iron ware, in
Guiding buckets, dust pans, garbage
cans and other utensils in general
use. Clothing Of all kinds used in the
institutions, including overalls, gloves
and caps, hosiery, etc. Clothing spe-
cialties of all kinds, shirts, etc, shoes
of all kinds
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1915-09-23
WANT CLOSER TRADE BONDS
Secretary of Financial Congress Says
He. Found Feeling of Disap-
pointmenf Over Conditions.

New York.-Dr. l.. S. Rowe,
secretary-general of the Pan-Amer-
lean financial congress, who has
returned from a three-months' trip to
South America, where he studied
financial, industrial and commercial
conditions, declared that in Peru and
Chile, especially, he found a feeling
Of disappointment that American ex-
porters had not taken advantage Of
the opportunity to build up closer
trade relations.
DR.. Rowe, who is professor Of polit-
ical science at the University Of
Pennsylvania, also was entrusted with
a special mission by Secretary Nc.
Adoo to confer with finance minis
tiers with a view to giving early effect
to the resolutions passed by the re-
cent Washington meeting of the con
gress.
The opening of the Panama Canal,
DR.. Rowe said, had not resulted in
any special great saving of time be.
tween New York and Chile.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1915-09-23
VON H|NDENBURG
CAPTURES WILMA
ENTIRE RAILROAD LINE IN
KAIsER's HANDs-RETREAT
CUT OFF.
MUST FIGHT THEIR WAY OUT
Artillery combsts Continue on West
ern Line-SeVenteen Members of
Russian Duma Taken
Into Custody.

Berlin.-The Russian city of wilma,
at which the armies of Field Marshal
Won Hindenburg have been driving,
and, which has been defended stub
bornly, until nearly surrounded by
hostile forces, has been occupied by
the Germans, it was officially an
nounced by the German army head
quarters.
The Germans, by a wide sweeping
movement to the north of Wilma, have
succeeded in almost if not entirely
surrounding a portion of the Russian
army, which is fighting in the railway
triangle between Wilma, Ida and
Vileika.
The Russian forces in this district
either must fight their way out east
ward or retire in a s~outheasterly di-
rection for the only railway left en-
tirely in their hands is that which
runs from Wilma to Ida and thence
to Baranovitschi.
The text of the German official
statement follows:
Western theater of war-South-
east of Bray, on the Somme a wide
spread explosion effected in and be-
hind enemy positions was successful.
During the battle, which was success
full to us, the French suffered sangui-
nary losses. A few prisoners were
taken.
Directly to the west of the Ar
come enemy division engaged in con
%structing trenches were dispersed by
u artillery with heavy losses to
them. Artillery combats continue
along a large part of the front"
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1915-09-23
Broom Factory Shows a Profit.

Broom Factory Shows a Profit.
What the blind of Missouri can do
toward earning a living for them
selves is shown by a report made by
the Missouri Association for the Blind
to the bureau of labor statistics, COW
ering the 1914 manufacturing Of a
broom factory maintained on Cass
avenue in st. Louis according to Jno.
T. Fitzpatrick. The object of this
establishment is to give paying en-
ployment to blind men, so that they
will not have to depend on charity
for their existence.
The report of this broom factory
shows that the capital invested was
a little v er $1,000; 5000 being in ma
chinery, tools and fixtures; $500 in
raw and finished material on hand
and $208 cash on deposit.
Receipts during the year from the
sale of products Of the factory came
to $8,987, and the expenditures in
wages to blind workers amounted to
$6,013. The shop operated 29S days,
and in that time 2,514 dozen brooms
and mops we're made by the blind
employees. The foreman, a blind man,
drew $65 per month for his services
and a boy helper So per week. Five
broom makers averaged $1.95 per day
each and four others averaged $3.50
per day. Basket makers, who de-
voted only a part of their time to
that industry, were paid by the piece
and none received less than $3.50 for
a full working day. There was paid
for rent during 1914 SAB. There were
no accidents of any character during
the course of the year.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1915-09-23

Athens, Greece.-The signing Of
the Turco-Bulgarian treaty is now an
accomplished fact. Notwithstanding
temptations from the Duke of Neck
lenburg-Schwerin, who was called
from the battle front to undertake the
diplomatic mission to Sofia, informa-
ton just received indicates that Bull
garia will remain neutral.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1915-09-23
Europe Nations Ask About Plans.

Washington, D. C.-Informal in
quiries have been made by some of
the European governments as to the
Washington administrations next step
in the Mexican situation.
Ambassador J~usserand of France
had a long talk with Secretary Ian
sing. Colville Barclay, the British
charge d'affaires, discussed the situa-
ton with the state department Off
Gals and notified them that orders
had gone forth to British consuls to
consult with American consuls on
the ACCESSIBILITY of Withdrawing from
Northern Mexico.
From high official quarters it is
learned that no decision has been
reached with respect to the recogni-
ton of any government in Mexico,
but the subject will be fully consid-
cred at the Pan-American conference
today.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1915-09-23
Rate Rulings Near.

1t is expected that when the public
service commission makes known it's
findings OF the applications of Mis-
souri, railroads, for higher freight, pas
senger and baggage rates, there will
be three or more written opinions.
The freight rates will be dealt with
in one opinion, passenger rates in an
other, and baggage schedules in a
third.
Because few hearings are scheduled
by the commission for the next five
or six weeks, and because the mem
bers and their experts are busy in the
offices here, it is believed the rail-
road rate cases are being considered
for final determination.