davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07
WEED SEEDS ARE EXPENSIVE
Many q Farmer Pays Dearly for Priv.
IIese Of Planting Something Hs
Would BE Better Rid OF.

By g. b. NUCKOLS, Colorado Expert
ment Station.)
Many farmers are paying as much
as q dollar per pound for the oppor-
tunity to plant. on the farm. several
pounds of weed seed each year. 9th
ers do not pay as much for the oppor-
tunity to SOW the seed but the cost
of Graduating these weeds costs them
many hours Of labor and no small
amount Of money The manner In
which they avail themselves Of the
opportunity varies, but to give Q spe-
cific and true example-an actual oc-
currence
Two samples Of alfalfa seed are
offered for sale, one for $40 per hun
dred and the other for SIC per hun
dred. Sample No. l tests as follows:
Weed seeds. none.
Chan and dirt. none.
termination, "a per cent perfect.
Sample No. 2 tests:
Weed seed. seven per cent, much Of
which is sweet clover which Is not
very noticeable to the average farmer.
Chan and dirt, two per cent.
termination. so per cent perfect
II you buy 100 pounds Of No. you
get "a pounds of seed that will grow
at a cost Of $40. or cost Of s21.2s for
100 pounds Of perfect seed.
For No. you pay SIG for II
pounds of perfect seed, or $22.54 for
100 pounds Of perfect seed.
In the above case you pay $1.26 for
the privilege Of planting seven
pounds OF weed seed on your farm.
Even greater variations than the
above can be given. Every man
should know how good the seed is
that he is planting.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07
Protecting Cherries.

Two methods of keeping birds away
from berries and cherries: /. Get
some pieces OF bright tin and so hang
them that they'll flap In the wind
against pole; 10 by ~ inches is a
good size; punch hole near the edge
for the string. 2. Tie cord to a po-
tato. stick 1t full OF large feathers, and
hang 1t where It will sway in the wind
over the fruit to be protected; make
a number Of these II one is not sum
cient.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07
4 SUCCESSFUL FARMERS
MEETING
SATURDAY, OCTOBER And.


At one Of the Farmers Meetings
last year a motion was made by one
Of the farmers 10 have a regular
time each month for the farmers TO
get together and exchange ideas
and helpful suggestions. This mo-
ton was carried unanimously and
several splendid and successful
meetings were held.
Last Saturday an all-day meet
ing was held by this organization.
The farmers came and brought
their families and dinner and we
had the greatest meeting ~ the
year. The Lord smiled on the oc-
casion by giving us beautiful day
and a happy crowd Of people.
The program opened at 10 a. m.
with an address by Professor +. o.
Clark on Fruit Growing in the
Mountains" Professor Clark as
sured the farmers that the noun
tains Is the place 10 grow fruit
and as evidence that he believes and
practices what he breaches he cited
them to his own fruit farm which
he is using 10 demonstrate what can
be done II people are only willing
10 work and wait few years for
returns. Professor Clark then took
up the diseases and troubles which
usually confront fruit growers and
showed how these can successfully
be overcome and avoided. The
hardest step 10 get farmers to take
in establishing an orchard is the
first one.
The next topic was talk by
J. w. Whitehouse on the Improve
ment and Care Of Livestock in the
Mountains" Mr.. Whitehouse en-
phasized the fact that il does not
take any more feed 10 keep good
animal than il does a scrub and
the returns are much greater from
the good one. Some suggestions
were offered as to how the
present mountain stock can be
improved. A dozen farmers can go
in together and buy a pure-bred
bull which is half the herd. No one
has invested much and all have been
greatly benefited. The same course
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07

FIVE to eight per cent of potash, IS to
40 per cent of lime, and about two per
cent Of phosphoric acid.
The marked effect that wood ashes
has on almost all plants of the legu-
minous family seems to indicate that
the lime in the ashes has more infiu-
ence in making the ashes valuable a.
q fertilizer than the potash does.
Last year our fertilizer dealer put in
q bag Of fertilizer containing ten per
cent of phosphoric acid and six per
cent Of potash at the same price az
what l was buying. which was 10
per cent available phosphoric acid
goods, on condition that l would use 1t
on wheat and compare them side by
side.
Iput the bag Of fertilizer, which con-
tanned the potash. in my grain drill.
and when II ran out i continued with
the superphosphate containing IA per
cent available phosphoric acid, with
out changing the quantity per acre.
There was no perceptible difference
in the growth of the wheat during the
growing season. The wheat ripened
by July rs. There was no difference
In the time Of ripening. | could see
little, II any, difference between the
wheat with and that without the pot
ash.
showed the wheat to several farm
ers, and all agreed that II there was
any difference between the two plants,
that 1t was In favor of the wheat
where the Is per cent phosphoric acid
without potash was applied.
have not threshed. and cannot give
exact results. but 1t is a plain case
that the SO per ton which | would have
had to pay for the potash would have
been a clear loss SO far as results on
the wheat crop were concerned.
Both kinds of fertilizer were used.
so that both plats extended over a
dark loamy soil. with some sand at
one end and a rather stiff yellowish
clay at the other end.
1t is usually considered that loamy,
sandy soil is not as we'll supplied with
potash as a clay soil, yet the potash
did not show any improvement over
the other fertilizer in the loamy soil.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07
FEED THE PIGS SEPARATELY
Young Animals May Be Given Same
Ration az That Provided for Moth
ers During Nursing Period.

When the pigs are from four to six
weeks old they will begin to eat with
the sows.
They should be fed separately by
penning OF a small space on the feed
ing floor or hog lot where the young
pigs have access to the feed.
The feed should be given In q small
trough which can be cleaned easily
before each feeding.
The pigs may be given the same ra-
ton a. provided for their mothers dur
ing the nursing period and continued
on the same ration after weaving.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07
Many Kinds Of Blae k berries.

One hundred and forty different va
rieties OF blackberries are now recog.
nized. divided into three classes-the
hardy. the half hardy and the tender.
The hardy variety should be able to
Withstand temperature Of 80 degrees
Fahrenheit. as well as the sudden
changes Of temperature In the western
states. The half hardy class is more
susceptible both to cold and to change.
and the tender variety can only be
grown where mild winters prevail
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07
SELECT PIGS FOR BREEDING
Breeder Who 10 Not Afraid to Sell
Some Of Purebreds VIII Live
Longest In the Business.

The spring pigs will soon be old
enough so you can begin to pick out
the ones not good enough for breed
ing purposes.
Don't be afraid to Gull closely. The
breeder Of purebred stock who is not
afraid to sell some Of his purebreds
over the scales will live the longest
In the business.
Not only that. but he will have the
pleasure Of receiving words Of COM
mendation from his customers.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07
CABBAGE STORING IS SIMPLE
cheaply Constructed Bank or Hillside
Root Cellar 10 Only Shelter
Needed-keep Place Cool.

By X. A. KIRKPATRICK. Minnesota
Experiment Station.)
Cabbage storing is rather simple
and easy. The shrinkage is small. A
cheaply constructed bank or hillside
root cellar, or a basement under al
most any farm building. is the only
storehouse necessary. This should not
be too dry and should be a place
which could be kept at a temperature
Of about 40 or so degrees in the early
part Of the season. This is often &C.
complished by opening the doors to let
In the cool night air and closing them
to keep out the warmer air during the
remainder of the day. Later, of course,
the doors must be kept closed contin-
uously.
In storing, most growers place the
heads in a cellar with all leaves and
roots attached. Many market garden
ers have a better plan. They cut on
the stalk as though preparing the
heads for market, but leave two or
three rough leaves to protect the more
tender parts. They then pack In or
binary cabbage crates and rack these
crates up, leaving a gangway every
third or fourth tier for air circula-
ton.
This work is not particularly diff
cult. and will certainly pay the grow
er well IL II increases the selling price
OF his production eight or tenfold. For
the last few years. 1t has been market
ed and harvested at from IS to $3.50
a ton. The purchaser has stored 1t
and sold 1t during the late winter for
$50 or $50 ton.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07
BUYING NEW COWS FOR DAIRY
Animals Who Have Lost Capacity for
Handling HOMEGROWN Roushase
Should Be Avoided.

In buying new cows for the dairy
one should buy from farmers who
practice rational methods Of feeding.
preferably from those who do not
feed too much grain and rich concen-
trates.
Many cows have been fed SO much
grain that they have lost their ca
pacity for handling homegrown
roughage.
Such cows are no longer profitable
dairy producers and should be avoid
ed when buying new cows for the
dairy.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07
BLACK KNOT OF PLUM TREES
Very Prevalent d ease and Also A.
feets Wild cherry-cut on
Branches Showing Affection.

Black knot is a very prevalent dis
ease on plum trees and It also affects
the wild cherry. often causing II to
spread to cultivated trees.
The way to keep 1t in control is to
cut OF and burn every small branch
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07
Keen Weeds Down.

Weeds are sure nuisance" Yes.
bat you are doing a good thing to the
soil II you keep the weeds down by
cultivation.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07
SheIled Corn.

Under average conditions In fatten-
ing hogs shelled corn is a more eco
nomical ration than corn meal and es-
pecially when fed dry.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07
CBy A. ] LEGG.l

There Ia an impression among the
farmers generally that q fertilizer
should be especially rich in potash.
One cause OF this 10 no doubt from
the marked effects that wood ashes
have on most soils.
A liberal application of wood ashes
shows an Improvement in crop produc-
ton on almost any soil. This is usually
attributed to the potash contained in
the ashes.
An analysis Of the ashes usually
shows from four to Ave times as much
lime as potash in the ashes,
since wood ashes usually contain from
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07

made of four-inch boards solidly
nailed together After this fence Is
once put up. sheep or hogs are not
likely to overturn 1t. A fence three
and one-half feet high will turn most
fiocks.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07

that shows any sign Of the disease as
fast as It appears.
II large branches are affected that
cannot well be spared. the cankers or
knots may be pared OF closely and
the wounds covered with coal tar.
which will kill any lurking germs and
preserve the wood from decay.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07
MOVABLE FENCE FOR SHEEP
Temporary Arrangement Made Of
Boards SoIidly Nailed Together,
viii Keep Animals In.

A movable fence for soiling sheep Is
made in panels as seen in the Illus
tration. The panels are ten feet long.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07

Before philosophy can teach
by experience the philosophy
has to be In readiness, the expe-
rience must be gathered and In
telligently recoried.-Carlyle.
All philosophy lies in two
words. sustain" and abstain"
-Epictetus.
Philosophy goes no further
than probabilities and In every
assertion keeps a doubt In re-
serve.-Froude.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07

Declaration Of War;
II we are going to declare war. II
should be on the weeds and ny breed
Ing places.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07

the tank. The water circulates around
the cans and flows out at one side
through an overflow pipe. This over
flow pipe leads into watering trough
and the water is used for watering the
stock instead Of being wasted.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07
ON PHILOSOPHY.

A little philosophy inclineth .
mans mind to atheism. but
depth In philosophy bringeth
mems minds about to religion
Bacon.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07

Do not get the mash sloppy. II
should fall apart readily in the hand
after pressing together. II lead arse
nate is used instead Of paris green.
increase the amount one-half. The
quantity given is sufficient to broad
cast over one acre. or scattered in
drill rows, will extend over great
or area.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-10-07
TO KILL OFF GRAssHoPPeRs
Stunning Over orass Lands 10 Some
tImss praetiesi--Polson Bran
Mash 10 Aiso Effective.

By A. L. LovETT, oregon Experiment
station.)
Grasshoppers feed normally on the
native grasses. Where forage crops
are planted. the hoppers readily adapt
themselves TO the new food. II an
abundance Of young hoppers 10 OBJ
served in the spring. the fields and
grasslands where they occur should
be dragged with q hopper-dozer. This
hopper-dozer is q long. shallow gal
vanized or wooden trough. which is
filed with crude oil and along the
back side Ia fitted a back stop about
three feet high. When II is dragged
through the field, the hoppers attempt
to Jump over IT, They strike against
the back stop and fall into the crude
OIL.
Burning over the grass lands. be
fore the hoppers get their wings is
sometimes practical
The poison bran mash 10 an effec-
tive poison for grasshoppers, and has
been used successfully for their con-
troll in q great number Of cases. Be
sure to add the salt. since grasshop-
pers appear especially fond Of this
material Broadcast the mash over
an infected field or SOW In drill rows
at right angles to their course of
travel. as they enter the field The
poison bran is prepared as follows:
Coarse Bran. ...............16 pounds
Paris Green. ................h pound
Salt ................. q ounces
Cheap Strip ................1 quart
Warm water to make n coarse, crum-
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1915-08-25

P0TH INSULT AND INJURY.

That Z new paper published n Chicago
should conceive the idea 1t adding 4 blow
TO the harm already lone to the counties
OF Texas bordering the Rio Grandc ~ the
widespread publicity given to the trouble
caused by Mexican dc-perador~. who have
been responsible for the outlawrv ia this
region of the past few weeks, j. not - sur
prisine. The Chicago papers one idea
doubles was to produce something that
might be- read eagerly hy sensation seekers.
whose imagination demanded new fuel
since the slaughter IL millions III Europe
has grown So Common ~ 40 longer to SAT-
iSfy them. But Wht the Houston Chronicle
should reproGucc thc blow and give IL
added force BY It- mere appearance with
ont ommcni Oh contradiction Id 4 leading
Texas paper j. difficult to understand.
Houston achievement ol water tran~por-
talon needed uo comparison with the mis-
fortune of another section If ihc state tu
enhance it, ercatuc--. The Herald has
published many articles complimcnting
Houston upon it, having hccumc \ deep
water port. although eight, miles from the
Gull. Valley people ln general have adj
mircd ihc enterprise of that future grrat
city. But they a--uredly did not expect
that a Houston paper would deliberately
rive space to an article which II calcu-
lated to do much harm tu The entire Valley.
and which j. based upon iai-ciood and
grossly eNaggoratcs conditions III THE \al
ley.
Could not the Chronicle lind praise
enough for Houston Now Transportation
facilities, without publishing such an ar
iicle-an article which makes comparison
between the new port and u section that
has been and, IN it- future development.
may still be one of Iiou-tou- most mpor-
tam trade trihutaric-. M terms that are
bound t. hc exceedingly detrimental IT, that
section
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1915-08-25
REDUCE WASTE BY
FIRE CAMPAIGN
SUCH A CAMPAIGN is PLAN OF GEN
ERAL FIRE INSURANCE AGENTS
OF TEXAS.

Austin, Texas. Aug. 35.-pian- arc hc-
ing perfected for the inauguration hy gen
cral fire insurance agents ~ Texas of ~
campaign having for it~ object the rcduc
tion of fire waste in Texas. With this END
in view a delegation of general agents rep
rc~cmting many of the larger fire insurance
companies of the state had y conference
recently with the state FIRE insurance com
mission on the subject. III was shown that
fire waste I'm this state during the past
year was Si cents un every III 1T premiums
collected; that the total fire insurance
premiums collected In 1914 Wa 10000, 000
and of which amount $500. 600 was fire
waste. - cents OF the dollar Of premiums
collected went for operating expenses.
consequently the companies figure they lost
rs cents ON every dollar of premiums col
lCrtcd during the past wear. or u total los
of - Goa, 600. ID g. planned III require
local agents ia make daily report of thc
physical and moral hazards to the general
agents.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1915-08-25
The Fate of Fifty-FOur.

In a series Of iifty-four tuberculosis
patients admitted to a hospital there had
been no chest examinations. no sputum cx-
animation and no observation Of the pa
.%tient'S temperature by the doctor consulted
IN the first Six eases. \ chest eXamina-
ton, but no eputum examination, was made
in over half OF the eases. 4 diagnosis
was not made in a single one Of the fifty
four eases by the doctor first consulted.
Why not.
Well. there are several reasons. In the
first place, the patient j. sure he has lust
"a slight cold" or a '%little bronchial trou-
Bile or a "run down condition. or else
he needs 4 good tonic In the second
place, cough medicine i too alluring,
tones whatever that may bc) too cheap,
and "coIds'' too couveEi,t. Or, 10 word
ii another way, doctors ere too easy
going, too ready to accept the patients
own version Of his trouble. too busy to
find ont, too careless 10 make a thorough
examination.
"One lung a trifle weak" or weak spot
IN one apex, or 4 ">llght catarrhal con-
dition in the right base" i no diagnosis at
all, hut 4 mere subterfuge. Ii means the
doctor doesn't know. lie should say 30
frankly. IN incipicnt tuberculosis Of the
lungs tie best physician will he hard put
to il 10 make a diagnosis in less than half
"A dozen pain~taking, complete physical
examinations Of the entirely barred chest
aud trunk, together with a careful OBJ
Scryaiion and consideration OF all the
symptoms.
The lin Of omission. though it may have
its mitigating circumstances. j. neverthe-
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1915-08-25
HEALTH TALKS
(BY Ill BRADY, NJ. d.

less unforgivable. The doctor had far bet
ter acquire the reputation OF being n
"crank on consumption than TO let one
patient leave his office with false assur-
ance. When. through ~obstinacy or false
modcsty. the patient objects 70 a complete
examination OF the naked chest and back.
then the self-respecting doctor can de-
nothing but confess himself unable to
diagnose the condition or in;elligently al
wise the patient.
Tuberculosis i the most common az an
serious diseases. The patient may expert
ence no symptoms focusing hi Or her at
tention upon the chest, and still nave in
cipient involvement Of the lungs. There
may be nothing more than 4 loss " weight,
a loss of strength, a general decline a.
health. That probably accounts for y
goodly share Of the fifty four mistakes
above cited.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1915-08-25
Questions and Answers.

Love Ne, Love Ny Dog-Mr~. J. 4. Nj.
states that she kisses her bulldog, and lets
her poodles sleep on the bed neal her, and
lets the poodle eat from the same plate
with her baby sometimes. She wants IT.
to reassure her. and her neiehbor9, that
this i hygienic.
Answcr-ln the baby'S interest We ven
ture 10 say that il i~ a great mistake. a
dog. apparently well. may carry diphthcria
bacilIi and infect \ child under such re-
markahlc conditions. And even q well
bred dog occasionally sticks his nose into
the ncighbor,' garbage can or elsewhere.
thus opening up rich avenues of c%onicc-
turc, to say the least. This time ~ stand
firmly with the Heiehbor~.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1915-08-25

LAW ENFORCED
AFTER SEPT. I COMPANIES WILL BE
REQUIRED TO OBSERVE A
STRICT COMPLIANCE.

Austin, Texas. Aug. 25.-Ntrict com
plaincc with the various provisions of the
Texas corporation laws Will NC required Of
the 10000 corporations doing business III
Texas. with the commencement Of the new
fiscal year on September /. according tx
announcement Just made by Secretary OF
State John G.. Mckay. This announce
mcnt was the result If \ number If cor
roratinna failing IL pay their franchise
taxes IN Nav L.. These delinquents were
pcnalizcd on July 1. and some Of them
have still failed To pay the penalty on the
and their charter rights are IL be for
fercd. I'm the future only one notice u
t. bc SEMI TO cach corporation and II IL
fails to heed The warning the penalty Will
he assessed. There are also certain con
Germs that nave failed To report the final
OF capital stock and also 70 make
other return, required by law. These are
also to come under this ruling Of the see
rotary Of state. There are. however. not
more than 200 such %dclinqucnts Ut this
time.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1915-08-25

III seems TIE Herald was IN error IN
charging the ourpU Christi Democrat with
the ISSUANCE NJ au extra, telling jhat Point
Isabel had been completely wiped of the
map by the recent Gulf storm, a, u was
the Caller which made this hig mistake.
Well, cNcrythlng wc -ugee,ied to The Dem
ocrat on tho -abicct i- hereby repeated
TO the Caller. Dear Caller. please advcr-
ti-e with equal prominence The fact that
Point Isabel ~ ,rrN much on ihr map. and
that there was uo storm here at all-uot
nearly a9 hiyh a wind a- CORPUS Christi
cNncrlcnrci.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1915-08-25

Since Justice Charles f.. Hughes has
made it plain. IN the most unmistakable
terms. that he prefers Ii~ life tenurc seat
Oh the bench of the highest court Of the
Land 20 the uncertainty oI a campaign for
the presidency. that leaves the way open
for the number Of other possibilities whom
the z. .. i. has N view. i also leaves ]. IL.
free t. play with the Bull Moose party A.
long As TIC likes.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1915-08-25

German submarines have sunk only one
British troop ship 80 far. This ship car
red a thousand soldiers. Yet 100000
British troops have been transported
across from Britain 70 France during the
past few months. and 4 good many thou
sand nave been sent to the DardanellcS
also. Looks a. ii Germany would 90 after
those troop ships, instead u sinking pas
~eneer ships carrying citizens Of neutral
countries.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1915-08-25
Queer Taste Of Some Women.

Authorite- III the Tomh- prison ~ New
York have ISSUED y rule that there shall
be- no more kissing 81 prisoners and Squecz-
ing their hands through the bars ~ women
visitors. And this order naturally sug
gc-t- that New York women must * re-
duccd To woctul cNtrcmiiic~ III the matter
OF finding something to kiss and squeeze.
Ell pa~o Times.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1915-08-25
That Silly Song.

One of the newest song hits - entitled
Il Never Raised My Boy To be 4 soldier
II i about the >illie-t and most unreason-
able ditty ever composed, even in the
real of popular " songs. Every American
boy /, potentially d soldier, whose life be-
longs to hi country upon demand but No
American boys life should he nccdlc-slv
sacrificed to the war god.-Brownwood
Bulletin.