Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-08-29

that the Germans can send their dreaded sub
marines the Atlantic Ocean to the
shores of the United States.
We need pay much attention to the report
that the German submarines already using
base off Maine for the purpose OF operating
against British shipping The mere fact that they
could do Of vital Importance to the United States
and should be fully realized by those who wish to
protect coasts against all possible serious war
dangers.
Remember that the appearance of fleet of enemy
submarines off our coast with bases OF supply to
maintain them In prolonged service would mean the
soppage OF all commerce our coasts and In our
harbors and the orpedong Of boats un-
with them.
To meet them need not only. a fleet as large
other nation but large auxiliary fleet Of sub
marines, aeroplanes and fast patrol vessels.
By sending submarine through hostile waters all
the way from Emden, the naval base the North
Sea. to the Dardanees, distance OF 40O miles, the
German navy has proved its ability beyond question
to send submarines to New York. distance practically
equal TO that already covered
These vast distances rendered possible by the
driven ype of German Submarines The water bail
last tanks, which essential feature OF the sub
marine enabling her to rise and submerge, filed
with petroleum at the start OF the voyage. AS the
fuel tanks exhausted the petroleum from the bal
last tanks flows in and It's place is taken by water
The petroleum engine drives the submarine while
1t is on the surface, and at the time accumu-
lates power in the electric engines, which drive the
boat when submerged
skilfu handling of the submarine increases its
cruising radius in various ways Steamships may be
engaged or forced to tow the submarine In mdocean
when out of reach of hostile cruisers in order TO
omze fuel.
In making its famous voyage to the Dardan-
elles the German undersea boat had to thread her
way through the North Sea, almost constantly within
sight OF British patrol vessels. II would have been
impossible for her to go south through the Straits
of Dover because this is that 1t is almost
completely filled with mines and other distractions
The northward course compelled the submarine to
go around the far north of Scotland This added
1900 miles, almost entirely within sight OF the British
Isles to her journey.
When the submarine reached the Straits of Glib.
raItar there were numerous British cruisers constantly
patrolng the narrow waterway to be passed. The
submarine had pressed several Spanish steamers into
her service. The British patrol vessels went to In
vestigate hese sus picous looking ships, which then
turned back to While they were doing so the
submarine submerged and kept on through the straits
IN an eastward direction toward the Dardaneles The
signs OF its presence which might have been detected
by keen observation, missed while the patrol
vessels were chasing the decoy steamers.
Inc new German submarine is comfortable
going vessel when on the surface. In Surface
trim, as II is called The decks are we'll above water
the craft is able TO open her matches. and the ship
is navigated from the bridge. She has a long fiat
nothing to do with the submergng OF the vessel
is perforated to allow water freely In and out
the deck is surrounded by a rail consisting Of
stanchlons and wire rope. She carries two mass
hinged at the deck which be raised vertical
position for carrying the wireless When the ship is
gong TO submerge the wireless is removed, the two
railing the bridge and its fittings taken down and
sent below. After the last OF the crew has disan.
peared through the hatchway 1t is closed and bolted
securely from within.
The submarine then Is in the aYssh condition tho
main ballast tanks being filled and all matches and
other openings tightly secured. In this condition
she has slight reserve buoyancy OF few hundred
pounds. The oil engines are now disconnected and
electric motor started AS soon as she has wav an
the horizontal diving planes are depressed and The
snip descends at moderate angle until the desired