The farmer and mechanic., 1915-10-12

- AoiAtTS bieFs ana III 0St -
them have families
This estate is situated about Ten
iiilies from Villa Americana and r
"tAi mere IN an auto mobile in com
pahN WITH young Dr. Hall a son Of
MT harles Nj Hill. OF whom | hax.
"rltten' We passed through rich
anus an the way, and Al one time
tossed fazenda o. 5000 acres owned
.! Portuguese. who had married !
brazilian. Mr.. Pyles farm adin3nS
that estate bIt it Is far better cul-
tivated
In going over the Pyles farm W
useG the automobile. riding through
"ide roads from field to field Every
tHine was Erowins luXuriantly saw
iieluS or sugar cane. cotton and rice
ana also Of cowpeas and velvet beans
MI PyleS tells me that the prices Of
coWpeaS are 81 or s3 A hushel and
that ne Is raising them TO supply the
farmers of the neighborhood who are
becoming interested in advanced agrl-
cu'ure and want to bring up their
lands by the use of such crops He
says there Is market for all the
corn and rice that can be raised and
that the sugar cane when turned into
sugar and rum brings a good price
| asked Ezekiel Pyles as to the char
acteT of farming in the country about
he SAID 1t Is poorly done. Before the
Americans came the people used moth
| ing but hoes To cultivate the feds
| Ihe new settlers brought in American
| plows and they are now used every
| where. The people have learned our
| methods of farming from them and
| many or them are better off from the
TACT of the American colony
| Before our people came many Of the
helds were covered with bunch grass
SO tough that 1t could not be dug out
with hoe. The Americans bought
this land at low prices and used their
ploWs to turn the grass under The
grass made q good fertilizer and the
| land trebled in price
| asked as to the coffee possibilities
Mr. Pyles replied that the land abou
Villa Americana is not fitted for coffe.
growing on account of the froStS. al
though the State of Sac Paulo has tn
largest coffee plantations Of the worlt
and supplies the greater part of tn
worlds crop. He says the pasture /
, excellent for cattle and mules, and tina
Mr.. Hall is raising mules TO supply tn
, local demand. Big mules sell we'll
: good team Will bring over $500 an
mules large as ours bring as niue
as $4OO or $500 per team. The chic
: working animals are oxen. which ar
SoheO up Dy the neCkS instead OF IN
' horns Sometimes as many as doze
yokes will be harnessed to one wagOl
A and in moving heavy machinery thil
I ty-tWo oxen are sometimes used I
y drag the trucks over the road. TIL
ordinary Ox-cart has a wheel Of soil
i wood. The driver has a long goa
q at the end of which is a ring and
e sharp point. The latter is driven int
: the oxen to prod them along.
e This is no place for Americans will
e out money. The farm hands get wag
x of about IS cents d day with fr'
Y house rent. The tenant house is
e shack about fifteen feet square ar
e from eight to ten feet in height tt
e whole family sleeps on the floor, TT
3. stove is usually of brick with a she
q of iron on top. The common food
n the people is rice, beans, dried be
e and bacon. The farm hands work fro
daylight to dark. They have a ha
hour off for breakfast and forty mi
u utes for dinner. The working day
le fourteen hours in the summer and t.
l. or eleven in the winter. The china
1t is such that the work goes on all Il
Is and several crops can be raised on T.
j. same ground in one year. The orc
4 nary workingman needs but lit
le clothing, his usual attire consisting
is a shirt hat and pair of trousers T
E. hat is of straw and it costs about
a. cents, the shirt and trousers can
y. bought for 50, SO that for s206 M
eS can get a full outfit.
n
of Mr.. Pyles tells me he has enjoy
or his life in Brazil. He believes it IS
good place to make money, but
n. would prefer the United States as
of place to die in. The reason for this
m his children. He would rather ha
he them among his own people than he
IT. in Brazil.
s. l find that a number Of the Anne
ar cans here are we'll satisfied with tn
ne conditions and some are senSIt
ne about being pitied for their expatr
eli ton. About twenty-five years ago
n sympathetic wave concerning
an American colony passed over
We country and the United States g'
ii ernment sent word to our legation
til Rio to look up the eXpatriated Am
on leans and aid them to return nor
cir At that time the secretary OF lei