davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-08
The Literacy Test.
,ditor of The Tribune.

To the Editor OF The tribune.
Sir Since the introduction of the lteracy
test in the Constitutional Convention by
Charles H. Young, one of the delegates
elected at large, it has been the subject OF
much discussion throughout the state and
most of the newspaper criticism has been in
its favor To those newspapers who have
stated it was a step backward to the Know
Nothing period superficial examination of
the literacy laws as passed by the various
states will show the utter inaccuracy OF their
statements The literacy test became law
in the following states on the following
dates:
Alabama 1900; Arizona, 1918; California,
1894; Colorado, 1876; Connecticut, 1897; Del
aware. 1897; Georgia. 1908; Louisiana, 1885,
Maine, 1892; Massachusetts,, 1858; Mississippi,
1890; New Hampshire, 1902; North Carolina,
1900; North Dakota, 1896; Oklahoma, 1911;
South Carolina, 1895; Virginia, 1902; Wash
ington, 1896; Wyoming, 1889.
II will be seen that none of these acts came
into existence during the Know Nothing
period. except the Massachusetts act An
other argument against the bill is because
the United States refused the literacy test
TO immigrants the State of New York should
vote down the proposition to create literacy
test for those who wish to vote. The fallacy
of this argument is apparent. President
Taft was right when he refused to make a
precedent in adding an additional qualifica-
tion for the man landing in this country.
but ex-Prcsident Taft and no other thinking
man believes that the people should be
governed by those who cannot read or write
the English language.
From the United States census of 1910 it
appears that the foreign born voters in Cali
fornia are As per cent; in Massachusetts,, 81
per cent; in Connecticut, 6.S per cent and in
New York, per cent. And yet in California
in 1894 the vote Of the people in favor of this
test was lib, for and against, 32,lSl and
in Connecticut the vote in favor of this test
was 47,577 and the vote against was 1885,
and in Massachusetts no attempt has been
made TO take il out OF the constitution
since it went in in 1858
This shows the apathy, to any one who
observes the trend of public thought, that
those people who have the right to vote. no
matter whether they can read or write, feel,
when they retain that right for themselves
but are not anxious to continue that right to
others.
Mr.. Youngs test gives every foreign born
citizen two years TO learn the English lam
guage, whereas no other amendment offered in
the United States has given any time beyond
the moment.
II seems that no greater gift could be
offered future generations than the gift Of an
intelligent vote in these times when the re-
formers re taking away from the people the
rights of voting they now have The PROPOSE
ton, if carried into effect would provide for
a reasonably intelligent electorate as step
in the right direction.
WILLIAM COBB MILLS.
New Rochelle, Aug. 3, 1915
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-08
WOMEN PHYSICIANS
Why Are They Barred from the
Stats of Our Hospitals?
To the Editor of The Tribune.

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: Your admirable sense of fair play
which urges you to publish both sides of a
question regardless alike of your own point
of view, and the prominence or obscurity
cf your correspondents, has won you new
subscriber, who would ask the courtesy of
our pages to discuss a question which may
be said to be of public Importance, for it
does affect a very large part of the public
May l., then, be permitted to point out
that women physicians have in this country
advanced, in the teeth of persistent and often
insulting opposition, TO an enviable place of
respect and confidence in the public estima-
ton, and that the criticisms levelled at one
part of the profession have not included
women? DR.. X. S. Cabot has accused women
physicians of being disconnected and I'M
successful, while as a matter of fact there
is a far larger number of disconnected, dis
satisfied and unsuccessful male physicians
relatively than women physicians.
As the public has indirectly recognized
the woman physicians ability and devotion
to high ideals, it seems desirable to point
out that in spite of that woman's self
sacrifice and good work she is prevented
from obtaining a high place in the profess
sion, because she is unjustly and arbitrarily
barred from securing positions on the stats
of large hospitals, even in institutions de-
voted to the exclusive care of her own sex
and of children A woman patient cannot
obtain the medical service of one of her own
sex in such hospitals no matter how much
she desires L, and a poor woman is often
afraid to insist upon this natural right to
be cared for by a woman although she
might prefer it. Besides the injury women
physicians sustain in being shut out of this
practice they are insulted by those who
retain the coveted positions for themselves,
because the woman has not achieved a posi-
ton in medicine which no man ever achieved
in a position similar to that which women
physicians occupy, and to which might rather
than right has consigned her.
II has been a very common practice for those
enjoying class privileges TO minimize and
even SANDER the work of those less privileged
than themselves, apparently for the pur-
pose of excusing to themselves and to the
public the injustice of which Trey are guilty.
As the decision of all social questions is
ultimately made by the communal opinion,
it is hoped that public spirited citizens will
investigate this matter and discover the rea-
son why certain privileges are reserve for
one class Of citizens and denied TO another
certainly equally deserving class. Surely in
this twentieth century it is time to dispose
forever of the principle Of divine right and
the power OF might over reason and justice.
MAUDE GLASGOW
New York, Aug 3, 1915.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-08
A Question of Statistics

To the Editor Of The Tribune.
Sir: | notice in to-day's Tribune an arti-
Gle in opposition to capital punishment by
Miss Henrietta Rodman, in which she quotes
Miss katherine Leckie as follows:
"As matter of fact there are convictions
in only II per cent of the trials for murder
in Massachusetts and - per cent in Con
necticut"
! am in no way connected with the admin
istraton OF criminal law in Connecticut, bu.
have had fairly good opportunity 20 OBJ
serve it during nearly ten years experience
as an attorney in this state, and do not
hesitate to challenge the accuracy of { -se
alleged statistics so far as Connecticut is
concerned.
The failures 10 convict in capital tr Is
in this state have been few within recent
years, and | would be greatly interested tc
learn where your contributor obtained heI
information. Without equal means of obser-
walton, am equally skeptical as to the case
of Massachusetts. am by no means thor
ough believer in capital punishment, but
seriously doubt if the cause of its opponents
is advanced by statements of this kind.
BIRDSEY Z. CASE.
Hartford, Conn, Aug. 4, 1915.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-08
BULCARIA'S EXARCH
An Important Political and Relig
ious Personality.
oFrom The Marclegfcr Guqrdior)

IRON The Manchester GUdrdidu)
Joseph I, by birth Lazar Yovtchef, whose
death is announced from Sofia, was the third
and in reality the last of the Bulgarian
EAarchs The Exarchate is older than the
Bulgarian state and played great part in
calling il into being and extending its boun-
dares. The firman establishing the Exarch-
ate is dated March II, 1870. The first Exarch
was not chosen till two years later and held
Office for only five days. His successor ruled
for five years. and was compelled to resign
when Russia declared war. Twelve days later
Joseph was elected His promotion was ex-
traordinarily rapid. Born in 1910, he was
la Journalist. The second Exarch made him
Secretary General to the Exarchate in 1872.
He took orders that year on the very day
when the Patriarch accommodated the Bull
galian Church. A month later he was an
Archmandrte. In 1S74-'75 he was sent TO the
bishopric of Widdin, and he thereafter re-
turned to Constantinople as the right hand Of
the Exarch. in 1876 he became Metropolitan
Of Loftcha, and a year later EXarch. The
cnoice was wise one. lie was man of
great courage, cool judgment, skilled dplo-
macy untiring patience and high organizing
talent He carried the Exarchate through the
critical time of the war. He resisted all eff
lOftS OF turks, HIeehS ana even shOTtSlSHteu
Bulgarians o confne his authority to the
territories Of the new Bulgarian state, and he
slowly and steadily extended the sway of the
Bulgarian Church in Thrace and Macedonia
and laid the foundation Of the greater Bull
garia The story of his establishing new
bishoprics and emancpatinl the Bulgarian
schools from Greek control is such chapter
in diplomacy as only Balkan chronicles can
show. The second Balkan war virtually con-
fined the authority of the Exarchate to the
limits of the Bulgarian state, and its i'm
portance as a political institution for the
making of the big Bulgaria apparently dis
appeared.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-08
A SMOKERS LAMENT
He Can No Longer Enjoy His Rides
in Open Elevated Cars.

To the Editor Of The Tribune.
SIR wish to take advantage Of the open
columns Of your editorial page to express my
feelings in regard to the latest edict OF the
esteemed, in a manner Of speaking, Inter
borough Rapid Transit Company.
Since open cars were first placed in oper-
alton on the Third Avenue Elevated 1t has
been my custom TO ride in them during the
sumner to and from business six days a
week. II was pleasure for me to sit back In
my seat. light my pipe and then bury my
self in the pages of my Tribune.
Imagine my surprise one morning last
week, Just as | was about to light my briar,
to hear the guard roar at me: mo smokin
in here!" Ny companions in misery, smoK-
ers, all looked up, and the guard announced
that all smoking in the open car must cease
at once. We glanced about us for signs
which prohibited smoking but found none
They have however, been installed since that
time.
Why does the Interborough now take away
the one privilege which men enjoy in its cars
Do we not spend all the winter months rid
ing in closed cars, hanging on to strap ana
trying to bear up, knowing that soon summer
will be here and with it the open cars and
an opportunity to enjoy comfortable
smoke?
This latest ruling is no doubt brought
about by the complaint of some dyspeptc
old fossil whose soul is torn when he sees
some one else enjoying life. ask that you
give this a place in your paper, and am
sure that there are many who feel the same
about this subject as do.
am a pipe smoker and have been since
my high school days. In direct contradlc-
ton to the anti-smokers' leagues, consider
myself as sound mentally and physically as
any of their best smon-pure subjects. Inc
views Of The Tribune would indeed be worth
reading; let's hear from you. Gil.
New York, Aug. 8, 1915.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-08
On Plagiarists and Prisons.

Editors who find their choicest products
appearing in the columns of other publ
cations without due and proper credit have
no kindly thoughts about those who steal
their stuff" They usually feel that such
plagiarists. to denominate them euphe-
unsteady, ought to be in prison the same
as others guilty of larceny. Not so the
editor of Good Words" published in the
Federal prison at Atlanta. He has been
suffering recently from such depredations
He declares frankly his belief that such
persons-who happen to be, in his case,
the editors of some other prison publica-
tions-are unworthy to be in prison.
Between two such fires of condemna-
tion-that from within the walls and that
from without-the "lifter" or stealer of
another's labors seems to be pretty thor
oughly riddled. If he is unworthy to be
in prison, he is certainly unworthy to be
AT large. Yet if he is so bad that self
respecting, honest" prisoners denounce
him. how great is the depth of his ini-
ouityl Producers of copy who have had
She doubtful satisfaction of seeing its
merits recognized by another who has sys-
tematically palmed it off as his own have
long been at a loss for fit characterization
of the miscreant. Their colleague within
the walls seems to have fitted the cap to
him finally
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-08
Police Pedicure.

Every one knows, of course, that po-
liceman's feet are his most distinctive
feature (the pun is unavoidable). A po-
liceman when not in uniform might well
appear as an ordinary, humble citizen if
the shape and size of his feet did not set
him apart, as the curve of his legs betrays
the cavalryman or his rolling gait the
sailor. And, like the cavalryman's legs
or the sailors gait, the policeman's feet
might be considered merely picturesque
and dismissed as such if o. they did not
give him physical pain, and (2) they did
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-08
Down with the Monkey House !!

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: The case of the People agt Parsons
recently before Judge Grain in General SEES
sions, upon an appeal in which the defendant
alleged that he had been falsely arrested
falsely charged with annoying girls" and
fraudulently convicted by police methods
which menace every resident of this city
again indicates the wisdom of immediately
abolshing that repusve nuisance known as
the monkey house in Central Park
For many years the responsible residents
of New York have urged that this pesthouse
be closed. It's atmosphere is always vitiated
and visitors to ir nave frequently been made
seriously i'll thereby. Adults with a sense
of decency have been constantly shocked at
the unsightly simian displays in the cages
and at the vulgarites which these inspired
on the part Of the vulgarans outside the
cages. In the name of what is decent and
wholesome, let this offensive resort be RACED
to the ground and its last vestige destroyed
The monkeys on the inside as we'll as those
on the outside of this house will be infinitely
better off when the monkey house is thing
of the past.
Many innocent persons have here been
falsely arrested and accused by ambitious
police officers bent upon creating a record at
Headquarters. Many ruffianly individuals
who should have been punished for miscon-
duct in this place have never got their
deserts
We do not recall who conceived the in
fantle unwholesome idea of establishing the
monkey house as a place of amusement for
children. Whoever it was, his fame as an
advocate of his own species has been made
secure by tie record for mischief which this
abomination has established
Out with the monkeys. Send them to the
Legislature. PATERFAMILIAS.
New York, Aug. 4, 1915.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-08
not interfere with his pursuit of his

not interfere with his pursuit OF MS
quarry.
In the name of humanity and efficiency
therefore. New Workers will rejoice in the
campaign now gaining Roadway in Com
missioner Woods's department to teach
policemen individually how to escape the
painful spread of their understanding,
how through position and exercise and a
choice of shoe leather to avoid fiat foot
and broken arch and other occupatonal
idiosyncrases. The habit of toeing out
and that of adding weight are principally
to blame. we learn, for condition when
at present prompts many even among me
Younger members of the Finest to repeat
with the late John Davidson:
"My feet are heavy now, but on go,
Nv head erect beneath the tragic years
Pigeon toes. a wasp-like waist and the
habit of walking as if dancing, all recon-
mended by the police surgeons, should IN
time change this dirge to pecan of JOY;
''No slave is here-our unclaimed feet
Walk freely as the waves that beat
Our coast"
And. above all. for the felon, the sneak
the thugs and rippers and hyphenated
bomb depositors, these pedal reforms
should help to render "the feet Of Nemesis
how sure"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-08
Bull Moose Infantile Paralysis.

1t is no wonder that some of the Pro-
gressive leaders have found it necessary
TO hold meeting TO consider the future
of the party in this state. Perhaps 1t is
Just as well that they have held 1t now
rather than later, for at the present rate
of dissolution there would soon be no party
to have a future. Heroic work on the
part of Mr.. Perkins checked the abandon
ment of the Bull Moose organization in
Erie County, a stronghold, but in Rome
and Utica there will be no organized ac-
tivity, and the county chairman, throwing
up his hands, practically advises his fol-
lowers TO go back" All over the state
where a form of party organization is to
be maintained it is being weakened not
only by the desertion of men like Daven-
port and Hamlin, the Progressive tickets
headliners in the last campaign, but by
the plain voters, the political rank and
file.
This disintegratiOn isn't so surprising.
The average American wants to make his
vote count" Even when voting as a
protest he wants to help defeat the can
didate he has it in for by voting directly
for the candidate who can beat him rather
than for a third candidate. Moreover,
most of the Progressives having been Re
publcans originally because they believed
in the superior merits of that party's men
and morals, they have tired of helping to
put Tammany partially or completely in
power in the state Good fghters-or they
wouldn't have joined the new party-they
want now to take up the fight for the
things they believe in within the Repub-
lican organization, where there seems
more chance of accomplishing something
for them. if victorious. than within party
which can't hope to elect a candidate if it
dominates him. p. H.
The Progressive party's third birthday
found it, in this state, fighting a serious
case of infantie paralysis, and even the
optimistic Colonel can have little hope for
the patient Fortunately its demise will
not mean an end of the fight for modern
things in politics, since the thousands of
progressive young Republicans can now be
reinforced by their former colleagues, the
ex-Bull Moose.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-08
Cupid's Happy Hunting Grounds.

Success at the polls acts often as direct
stimulation of nuptial activity. How
otherwise can be explained the brilliant
series of marriages which began as soon as
a decent interval had elapsed following the
last Presidential election and is not yet
completed marriages in the households of
those to whom the election returns brought
especial joy? One might almost consider
the recurrent ringing of wedding bells evil
dence Of one long celebration of the famous
victory.
The wedding of Miss Katherine Page,
the ambassadors daughter, and Mr.. Lor-
ing, of Boston, is, of course, the latest ad-
dtion to the list of these synthetic cere-
monies. Mr.. William f. McCombs, the
Democratic national chairman. very prop
erly led off in the grand march to the altar
on November 7, 1918, by marrying Miss
Dorothy Williams, of Washington. The
election had been for him almost personal
triumph. Every one agreed, therefore,
that it was eminently fitting his romance
should follow soon after.
And on the heels of his marriage there
came. on November %, 1913, that of Miss
Jessie Wilson, the Presidents daughter, to
Mr.. Francis b. Sayre, in the home of
Presidents Miss Eleanor Wilson, her sis
ter, followed her with another wedding in
the White House on, May 8, 1914. AS the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-08

in the world-just so many Jobs for so many
men--and that if one of these men is dis
placed by another, or by woman, or by a
machine, or by scientific management, the
man who is displaced "has the bread taken
out of his mouth" and is left to starve. 1t is
the fallacy that led, $50 years ago. in Great
Britain to the destruction of mills using
power driven spinning and weaving machin-
cry instead of the old spinning wheel and
hand loom; to the opposition to the locomo-
tive because it would take the bread out of
the mouths of the stage drivers; that has
often led 20 resistance to the introduction
of modern machinery and methods. For eX-
ample, to the use of typesetting machines in
the Government Printing Office and to the
recent law passed at the dictation of labor
unions prohibiting the government using
modern methods of time study in the arsenals
of the army.
The fact is that so long as the desires of
the civilized part of the human race for the
products of labor are unlimited the amount
of the work TO be done in the world is limited
only by three things-the lack of enough men
and women TO do it, the lack of machinery
to increase their productivity and the lack
of money wherewith to pay for the labor
and the machinery.
Mr.. ODriscoll is cutie correct in one of
his statements-viz., at is not probable that
there will be any change from the present
state of things" There will not be anv
change even if there should be, as he sug-
gests, an "organized effort to resist this fem
mime invasion of mans sphere" Such an eff
fort would be as futile as have been all such
efforts to stop the introduction of improved
machinery WILLIAM KENT.
Gananoque, Ont, Aug. 2, 1915.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-08
The Hay Fever Joke.
how sure

The hav fever wheeze is timely. We re-
fer not to the rapid-fire sternutatlon
the manifestation of a malady which is as
hideously out of place in our lovely Amer
lean summer as the serpent in Eden, but
to the merry quip, the gay concelt, the
DELIGHTFUL bon mot, which is habitually
pulled off, at this season at the expense
of the man or woman who is suffering for
breath. From time immemorial, apparent
Nv. the little matter of human suffocatlon
has been funny to those who breathe free
ly. The fact has now grown so patent
that any joke is called "wheeze.'
The victims have grown accustomed to
the Jokes at their expense. They recog-
nize the return of the wei known sneezing
witticism with the sinister seeding of the
and the suspicious following of
the golden-rod. No sooner has the first
pod been seen to burst on the Ambrosla
artemisiGfoia (strange that so baleful
a plant should have so romantic name >
than the hay fever victim knows that he
Will DC RIttlcu WIFI CllC oilCNEiIS JIM VII
the way home. The fires of merriment at
his expense are lighted by the auroral
glow Of the first August sun. He knows
it, and is steeled against it. At all events
he is an old sufferer. He grows as indiffer-
ent to the customary wheeze at the eX-
pense of his wheeze as Mr.. Smith is to the
rare Jest about his name having been
heard somewhere before.
For that matter the hay fever victim is
kind of martyr for humanitys good.
Through his suffocation and his sternuta-
tions. the abominable rag-weed, which
chokes our fields, disfgures our roadsides
and taints with its musty aroma the far
flung fragrance of the clover, is likely to
be extirpated. BY reason Of his suffer
ings all places are likely to become as
Bethlehem and not as Bethlehem, Penn,
but as Bethlehem, N. II. And barring the
boarding houses (for which there will hap
PLY be no use when there is no more hay
fever the world could not be like better
place.
This thought may reconcile the hay
fever sufferers to their own and others
wheeZes.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-08
Women in Business.

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir; John Joseph ODriscoll, in your issue
of August |, gives expression to a belief
founded upon an economic fsllacy which is
held by multitudes of unthinking people He
says: For every woman employed in a
clerical or ofhce position some man is dis
placed"
The fallacy is the assumption that there is
q certain definite amount of work to be done
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-08
Could Any Reader Answer =?

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: Could you publish the hymn COM
mencing Far Ger the wave, which lies so
cold and cherries, there lies my home; there
lies my home, the peaceful lvenly -'ore'
| learned these words when boy. but have
forgotten the rest. WILLIAM HALL.
New York, Aug. 4, 1915.