davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
First United States Treasurer.

Alexander Hamilton was the first
secretary of the treasury (1789-95).
Michael Hillegas was the first United
States treasurer Hillegas was ap-
pointed to the Office July 20, ITS,
when he and George Clymer were cho-
sen together in the formation of what
was the germ of the treasury depart
ment. Hillegas served alone through
practically his entire term, however,
as Clymer soon resigned to take a seat
as delegate to congress. Hillegas'
term expired September II, 1889, and
he was succeeded by Samuel Meredith.
Both men we're from Pennsylvania.
The treasury department was formally
organized by act of September 2, 1889,
but, strictly speaking, this was merely
a reorganization, for the department
under various names had been in exis-
tence since IT'S.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
INVESTIGATING THE WOODPECKER


! made up of grain, fruit and mast.
Among the animal food a few wood
borers were found. and caterpillars
averaged 2.SS per cent of the diet.
Corn was the only grain found. Poison
ivy seeds form a large part of the
/ diet and are eaten in every month
| from August to February inclusive
This bird shows a decided taste for
fruit and may do injury. as it has in
the Florida orange groves. The con-
tents of the stomachs. however, show
that the wild fruits are preferred, and
probably only when these have been
replaced by cultivated varieties is any
mischief done.
Three-toed woodpeckers are found
to be very beneficial. These are res
idents of practically all parts of the
United States. The great bulk of the
food of these birds consists of the lar
vac Of wood-boring beetles or moths.
These are eaten with great regularity
throughout the year, but somewhat
more in the colder months than in
summer. The total of wood-borfng
larvae, including both caterpillars and
beetles, found in the food OF these
birds, amounts to 77.13 per cent. Their
vegetable food may be included in four
items: Fruit, mast, cambium and
rubbish. The foregoing shows that
these woodpeckers act as "conserva-
tors OF the forest" in the strongest
sense, as three-fourths of their food
consists of the direct enemies of for
est trees. 1t is unfortunate that in
most places three-toed woodpeckers
are not very numerous, and for this
reason they should be protected and
encouraged in every way possible.
Of the several species of wood
peckers in the United States only
three may be properly cIassed as sap
suckers. These birds have short,
bushy tongues, not adapted to the
capture of insects, while the other
woodpeckers have tongues with
barbed tips which can be extended to
spear luckless borers or other insects
whose burrows in the wood have been
reached by their powerful beaks. The
sapsuckers practically do not feed
on wood borers or other forest ene-
mics. Their chief insect food is ants.
About Is per cent of their diet con-
sists of cambium and the inner bark
of trees, and they drink a great deal
of sap.
The parts of the tree injured by
sapsuckers are those that carry the
rich sap which nourishes the growing
wood and bark. 1t is evident. there
fore, that the birds attack on trees
may have serious results. When
small proportion of the bark and
cambium are removed, the vitality of
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12

the tree may only be lowered, or
branches here and there may be
killed When the injury is more ex.
tensive. as it often is. the tree may
be completely girdled, and OF course
dies. Holes made by sapsuckers go
clear through the bark and often in.o
the wood Sapsucker picking disfig
ures ornamental trees, giving rise to
pitch streams, gummy exeresences.
and deformities of the trunks. Small
fruit trees, especially apple, are often
killed, and whole orchards have been
destroyed by these birds. Sapsuckers
are known to attack no fewer than
25S kinds of trees. shrubs, and vines
in the United States, So of which are
often seriously injured and 80 have
been killed.
Hickory trees are favorites of the
sapsucker, and it is estimated that
the annual loss on hickory alone from
this cause is about 100000. 1t has
been found that sapsucker work un.
fits for use such important ornamental,
woods as mahogany. black walnut,
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
Divergent Opinion.

He had lot of money, but no dis
coverable ancestors, and so it came
that he affected contempt for pride of
birth. And there was another man
whose family tree was tall and UNI
brageous. but who possessed no other
assets worth mentioning. A discus
sion between these two men was of
profound interest. Each avoided
hurting the others feelings, but it was
easy to detect an undercurrent of an
tagonism. They concluded: Say what
you WILL" asserted the one, "it is a
fine thing to come of good stock" Its
a finer thing" replied the other, with
finality, ito own it.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
Invention Of Photouranhx

The earliest experiments in the di.
rection of photography were made by
Wedgewood and Day, but the first
photograph was actually produced in a
camera made by Daguerre and a part
ner about 1899. In 1910 the first pho
tograph-portrait was made by Profess
sor John W. Draper, an American.
Progress was made in the work for
Fox Talbot, 1871, and Scott Archer.
1851, with the glass plate. The
gelatine-bromide dry plate was invent
ed in 1871 by Maddox, and greatly i'm
proved by Bennett in 1878. As In many
other inventions, it is practically i'm
possible to lay ones finger on one man
and one date for the specific 'inven-
ton" of photography; it has been so
largely process of experiment and
Improvement
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
VICE CHARGED TO MOSQUITO
Natives of Tropics Can't Be Moral, 10
Argument Made by Some
Missionaries.

"Those who complain of mosquitoes
here ought to be thankful that condi-
lions here are not the same as in Gen.
trail America" returned traveller
said. LAS soon as man sets foot
in the wilds down there he is intro
duced to this Unsuitable pest. The
mosquito will cling to him in waking
and sleeping hours, testing all his pow
ers of endurance and leaving him SO
thoroughly SCARED that many a mis-
sionary acquires the appearance of
one who has barely emerged from the
throes of some deadly and pernicious
disease"
In the annual report of the Ameri-
can Bible society, which is now be-
ing prepared for publication, many
Bible distributors testify to the suffer
ing caused by contact with mosquitoes
in the hot belt countries. The in
sect, not heathenism, is the mission
aries worst enemy. Even the natives
are engaged in constant battle with
the pests. They prevent sleep, they
inject the food, they carry in their
trail microbes and germs of destruc-
ion.
Many missionaries believe that the
mosquito is actually responsible for
the vicious and deceptive traits Of
character which prevail among the ma
tives. They can't possibly be happy
or moral under the continued assault
of such an enemy to physical comfort,
it Is argued.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12

er, 81 stomachs were available. The
food was found to consist of 1853 per
cent of animal matter, to TAI per
cent of vegetable.
Their principal item of food is
acorns. This amounts to $3.50 per
cent of the yearly diet and was found
in So stomachs Where almonds are
largely cultivated and this bird is
abundant it exhibits a strong liking
for this nut and stores it instead of
acorns. In some cases it has been
found necessary to shoot the birds
whenever they entered the orchard in
order to save the crop.
The foregoing shows that the food
of the California woodpecker is not OF
much economic Importance 1t does
not prey extensively upon the prod
ucts of industry, except occasionally
upon almonds, and it's insect diet con-
tains practically no useful species. Its
worst sin is its propensity to puncture
the cornices and castings of buildings
and telegraph and telephone poles in
order to store its nuts for winter use.
This is a serious injury and will justi-
fy the destruction of the bird If no
other remedy can be devised.
The red-bellied woodpecker ranges
over the United States as far west as
central Texas and eastern Colorado.
and as far north as New York, Mich
igan and southern Minnesota. 1t is
rather more of forest bird than some
of the other woodpeckers, but it is fire.
quently seen in thinly timbered coun.
try.
In Florida the bird has been OBJ
served to eat oranges to an injurious
extent. 1t attacks over-ripe fruit and
picks holes in 1t and sometimes COM
pletely devours it. The fruit selected
is that which is dead ripe, so it is not
often that the damage from this
source is serious. The bird also some
times attacks the trunks of orange
trees, as well as others, and does some
harm.
For investigation of the food of the
red-bellied woodpecker 271 stomachs
were available. The food was found
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12

white oak. yellow poplar, chestnut.
cherry, sweet gum and hard maple;
that it seriously blemishes woods
priced for peculiar qualities, such as
ash, Eastwood, cypress, red cedar. hol-
ly, buckeye. and dogwood, and that
it sometimes destroys the value of
wood even for heavy construction, as
southern Eastwood, spruce and west
ern hemlock. 1t is evident that sap
suckers do not deserve protection.
The yellow-bellied sapsucker is the
only woodpecker having the front OF
the head-from bill to crowned in
combination with black patch on
the breast. The red-breasted sap
sucker is the only woodpecker that
has the whole head and throat red.
Great care should be taken to dis
tinguish sapsuckers fSom woodpeck-
ers.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
A Small Electric Plant Suitable for Farm.

More farmers should investigate
the possibilities of having their own
electric plants for furnishing light and
power. According to L. t. Perrill of
Kansas, farmers will shortly be as
much interested in lighting plants as
they are now in automobiles. This is
demonstrated by the fact that at re-
cent state farmers institute in Kan
sas more than 400 farmers inspected
an electric plant and were much in
terested in its operation.
Mr.. Perrill continues: THE COM
mon rural lighting outfit offered for
sale includes a dynamo to generate
the electricity, gasoline engine to
run the dynamo, a switchboard, and
storage battery to store electrical en-
ergy to be used by the lamps and
small motors without running the en-
CINE. A good, complete system can
be purchased and installed for less
than $500, not much more than one
of the dangerous gao plants costs.
This can be lowered If the farmer has
a gasoline engine or wires his house
himself Electric lights will lower the
insurance rate.
"A one-horsepower engine, or an ad-
ditional horsepower to any engine,
will run a dynamo large enough for a
ten-ampere outfit. A ten-ampere out
fit is satisfactory for the average
farm. When the large power is to be
supplied by the gasoline engine. the
DYNAMO can be run at the same time.
recurring a little more gasoline, but
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12

no more time
THE dynamo, switchboard and bat
terry are shipped ready to set up. In
most cases. a good electrician should
be secured to install the dynamo and
cells and do the wiring.
A ten-ampere battery will operate
all the lights required for seven or
eight-room house. as well as lights for
the outbuildings. In addition, small
vacuum cleaner, electric toaster,
wringer, washing machine, sewing
machine, fan or electric iron can be
used
The farmer, after determining the
number and sizes of lights he desires
in each room, must estimate the num-
Der of hours they will burn in the
morning and evening These figures
can be obtained from the number of
hours that artificial light is used now.
The average house with seven
rooms, cellars and closets, should burn
less than three hundred watts a week.
The storage battery of a ten-ampere
outfit will produce three hundred
watts without recharging. 1t takes
eight hours to charge the battery after
it has ben discharged. completely.
The cost of wiring the house will
vary between forty and one hundred
dollars, depending upon the amount
and grade of wiring and the fixtures
used. A house can be wired cheaper
when 1t is being built than at any
other time. The cost of upkeep is
slight"
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
At the Soda Counter

One OF the recent inventions is a
mechanical tumbler washer which
meets long-felt want at the soda
water fountain, where patrons have
grown tired of seeing the just-used
tumbler swished around in a tank of
dirty water under the counter, and
then offered anew. The mechanical
washer consists of a receptacle which
contains a rose-1et for cleaning the
inside of the tumbler. while the out
side is cleaned by water issuing from
perforations in the outer wall of the
receptacle.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12

during many years of experimentation
has discovered a new remedy Wilt ,,i
is thirty-seven times more poWerIu
than lithia in removing uric aclo iIon
the system. If you are suffering liUA
backache or the pains of rheumatiSsL as
go to your best druggist and ASK ~.
a so cent box of "AnaTfc" put up "
Doctor Pierce, or send 1Oc for a "a Is ~
trial pck'g. DR.. Pierce's FaVorte
scription for weak women ana ~
Pierce's Golden Medical D1scovSSi,y
for the blood have been favoraoly
known for the past forty years ana
more. They are standard remealy,s
to-day-as well as Doctor Plerc o1S
Pleasant Pellets for the liver anv
bowels. You can have sample OF a NJ
ono of these remedies by writing *
Pierce, and sending 1Oc for trlaI p''-
age,
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
HAVE MANY FINE QUALITIES
italian Cattle, 1t Is Thought, Might
With Profit Be Imported Into the
United States.

The white cattle which predominant
in northern Italy are of the Piedmont
breed, and are particularly suitable as
work animals. A yoke of these oxen
of large size weigh $500 to 4,400
pounds. The weight of a fine white
cow of the Piedmont breed is 1910 to
1,540 pounds. Steers attain about
1880 pounds. The Piedmont bull
reaches about 1900 to 2,420 pounds.
Another breed of white cattle is also
found in Italy, known as Roman. This
breed. however, is not, properly speak
ing, of northern Italian origin, but
comes from the neighborhood of
Rome, in central Italy. The oxen of
this breed are also particularly adapt
ed as work animals, but are not SO
good for slaughter, their meat being
not of such fine quality as that of the
Piedmont variety.
There is also breed of pure white
cattle in Italy, known as Chianina.
These cattle are of enormous size and
weight, less adapted to work, but are
for slaughter. There are oxen of the
Chianina breed weighing from 1850
to $500 pounds each.
1t is the opinion of breeders and
Gairymen in this district that none of
the above breeds of cattle have been
exported to North America. There are
many breeders in Italy of the several
classes Of white cattle, but there are
none who raise them especially for
export.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
TAKEN FROM EXCHANGES

New Zealand breeds between 23.000,-
600 and 100000 sheep, of which
about % per cent are annually ex-
ported.
Dust is everywhere. but the worst
kind of dust is that which is confined
within the four walls of a room. The
dust is always germ-laden, because 1t
is infested with effete matter thrown
off by human bodies.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
RecOm1mend
q PerSzna TO
All Sufferers
Of Catarrh =.

nave taken four bottles Of PERM.
ana can say that It has done Una -.
e great deal Of good for catarrh u ne
the mead and throat. I recomroa. VI
Peruna to all sufferers with catar.S
DO not think ever felt much ', Urn
ter am really surprised at the VOL Uv.H
! can dc. ! do not think too r m1.S
praise can be said for Peruna." '"
Our booklet, telling you how 70 b.
well. free to all. Neep
Those VINO object to Iiauid m.d;.
elnes can now procure Psruna Tab.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
BABY LOVES HIS BATH
With cuticura Soap Because So sooth.
Ing When His skin Is Hot.

These fragrant supercreamy emol.
hents are a comfort to children. Thu
Soap to cleanse and purify, the Oipt.
ment to soothe and heal rashes. itch.
tngs, chafings, etc. Nothing more Of.
fective. May be used from the hour
of birth, with absolute confidence.
Sample each free by mail with Book
Address postcard, Cuticura, Dept. KY.
Boston. Sold everywhere.-Adv.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12

Isn't this awful" exclaimed Mr..
Gabb as she looked up from her nus +l. .
paper. D'"S-
Isn't what awful?" demanded Mr.
Gabb. 49,
Why, here's woman who com,
plains that the insane asylum is flled
with bugs" replied Mrs. Gabb.
WELL" growled Mr.. Gabb, what.
the blame place for, anyway"
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
Zero.

1--WE don't hear much about Doctor
Cook since the time he claimed to
have discovered the North pole"
no; l daresay he never fully re-
covered from the terrible frost he en-
countered."
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12

Spain devotes 100000 acres to
olives
Trieste is the center of the meer-
schaum pipe industry.
American mills yearly consume
100000 bales of cotton.
There are 51,490 passenger cars on
the railroads of this country.
A deed to 97S,O55 acres of land was
recently filed in Dalhart, Tex.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
One Year More.

My but Percy has grown to be a
big boy. How tall are you, Percy?"
"Just an inch short of being able to
wear fathers tennis trousers, but
they'll be all right next sumner
New York World.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12

lives generally Wherever large OAKS
are abundant, and from these It gets
much of it's living. A peculiar habit
has attracted much attention among
nonscientific observers. that of drill
ing holes in tree trunks or large
branches, in each of which is placed
an acorn or other nut Where thi.,
bird is abundant all dead trunks or
branches of any size, and many live
ones, are punctured with these holes,
frequently less than an inch apart.
Where trees in the proper condition
are not numerous enough it attacks
buildings and drills holes in the cor
nices of houses or spires of churches;
also it bores into telephone and tele-
graph poles and fence posts.
For the laboratory investigation of
the food of the California woodpeck-
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
Another Sian.

Sarcasticus Ito friend who is ex.
hibiting his new id car)-Cute little
thing! l suppose you wash it in tha
sink.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
Wise Beyond His Years,

Teacher (of geography class)-
Johnnie, how is the earth divided?
Johnnie-Nobody will know until
the European war is over.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
Evasion.

PA, what's an eye opener?"
"Why-er-an alarm clock, my SON.
Boston Evening Transcript.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
HR CaIifornia woodpeck.

III NdIIIUIHid WUUN IyDNh
er is distri b u t e d
throughout most OF the
oak-covered mountain
and foothill region of
California. n ort b ern
Lower California and
western Oregon. 1t
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12

The tall man is occasionally short
on intellect.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12

The more man is envied the less
real happiness he has.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
When all others fail to please
Try Denison's Coffee.

A single word to the point is better
than a speech.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12

to contain 1904 per cent of animal
matter to 6906 of vegetable. The
former consists of insects and spiders,
with few tree frogs and lizards,
while the latter may be considered a.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-11-12
Not Gray Hairs but Tired Eve,

make us look older than we are. Keen vour
Eyes young and you will look young. After
the Movies always Murine Your Ewes
Don't tell your age.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1915-08-14
BALKANS HAVE LIMELIGHT NOW.

TN HE open developments OF the past fortyeght hours
show clearly that the situation in southeastern
Europe, in the Balkan country Is eclpGng, for rne
present all other centers in Europe and there are
sidelights suggesting that momentous events may be
close at hand. 1t has been absolutely confirmed that the
allies have been making tremendous effort, through
proposals OF territorial concessions to swing Bulgaria
and Roumania particularly and also Greece into the
war on their side On the other hand propagandum
has been publicly launched in Germany in favor of
German army being sent to cut a way through from
the Balkans from Austria Turkey for the purpose of
insuring open and direct communication for Turkey with
its allies, Germany and Austria That something of the
kind is really seriously contemplated Is believed
by some of the European correspondents who dwell on
the reported massng OF AustroGerman troops the
der between the Balkan states.
London newspapers calling for granting Of the
demand OF Bulgaria for the cession of Serbian Mace
donia, the Bulgarian premier having announced publicly
that Bulgaria would start an army against Contsan
nople in twentyfour hours the territory acquired
There indications that Serbia has been disposed
to make the sacrifice and the other hand Germany
is said to have met trouble in trying to persuade Turkey
to grant territory TO Bulgaria, which would keep that
country neutral or make it German ally.
In the midst of all the diplomatic battling the English
and French have apparently put energy into the
struggle against Turkey at the Dardanees. Two OBJ.
tects OF immediate to all the allies back of
the effort to open the Dardanelcs One is to give an
outlet for the immense stores Of grain in Russia and the
other is to provide route for the quick shipment of
munitions into Russia. The astnamed country undoubt.
eddy expects through defeat of the Turks to acquire
permanently the longcoveted entrance to the Mediter
ranean sea.
The cancellation, yesterday of order in Chicago
for the shipment of 100000 bushels of wheat the
allies has naturally aroused speculation to whether
there has been development causing the allies to
believe that the route to the Russian grain ware
houses is to be forced OPEN On the nand
the cancellation may only represent step in economy