davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The leader-enterprise. [volume] (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1912-1915, 1915-03-10
DiV9rSiflCatiOn
And Cooperation

..5
Once again then, kind reader
may we cot appeal to you to make
yourself a leader in Your neigh
borhood, a soldier of progress, a
misssionarF.of eooparatlon, build
er of the new civilization that we
must yet wark out in the rural
Southe Time presses; great op-
portunity beckons to US. Out of
some great crisis, as a rule, has
come the new spirit that has re-
made nations and civilizations IN
other lands and times. 1t was On
ly when her old systems of farm
ing had broken down that Dem
mark turned to diversiGcation and
cooperation, 1t was only when
Irish farmers found they could no
longer make profits by old methods
that Sir Horace Plunkett was able
to begin his now world-famous
movement for rural cooperation in
Ireland. Is there not today-as we
have already intimated-such an
opportunity 10 the South9 The
necessity of turning from the one
crop system calls for diversifca-
ton and diversifcation calls for
cooperation, demands a spirit of
n 'ighborliness fellowship, COM
radeship, among farmers such as
We have never had before. Each
man cow needs his neighbours
help. as never before. The indi-
vidual farmer could make cotton
with little help from his neighbors
and get along somehow. But sue
cess in growing and marketing
new crops, success in growing and
marketing livestock, ard success
in getting out of the old slavish
crop mortgage, ''t;me-prices" sys-
tenn and getting into a system of
independence-alI this is depend
ent upon cooperation, dependent
upon neighbers working together.
The Progressive Farmer.
The leader-enterprise. [volume] (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1912-1915, 1915-03-10
Worth $1,000 Or More

Five 60 of the prettiest residence
lots in Fitzgerald, to be sold for
81 500 cash to first customer These
lots are ideal. Two of them adjoin-
ing foIm large lot 80x171! on the
corner of Merrimac Drive and Mag
NJ liza St. Pecan trees are growing
around these lots which will form
ample shao, in few years. Two
other lots, near these, separated only
by 40 foot lot, and one corner lot
on North Main ST., ideal for a hand.
some residence. Will furnish plat
numbers of lots upon request. You
can't afford to miss this exceptional
opportunity. Write at once.
Address. P. F. CLARK,
maj 81 Gordon ST.. Atlanta. Ga
The leader-enterprise. [volume] (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1912-1915, 1915-03-10
THE HEART or POLAND.
Srao0w Its Buried Patriots and the
Fiji of kosciusko.

Srao0w Its Eured Patriots and the
Hill of kosciusko.
NFdcoW is the ancient capital of 20
Iahd' the city around which cluster
most OF the glorious memories of that
loSt oat not forgotten kingdom. There
LOT more than 100 years the kings of
toiahd were crowned and buried. and
Iof more than 800 years it was their
seat of government
3Ihere lie buried Jan Sobieski: who
aelVered Vienna-and thereby all Eu-
Eppe-from the Turks; Poniatowski.
}Ae famous general who became one of
fapoleon's marshals; Mickiewicz, the
poet OF Poland, and Kosciusko. Nthe
patriot hero of the Poles. The tombs
Of all four are in the Stanislas cathe-
ural' beautiful Gothic church built in
1909, that crowns the Wavel, a rocky
nlii that rises on the edge of the town.
mere are other fine churches in the
CITY. the AuguStinian and Dominican
among them. and there is also the
great royal castle, which was long the
residence Of the kings Of Poland, and
Tell to the uses Of barracks after the
Kingdom was divided and which has
within the last fifty years been re-
stored.
The city also contains very famous
eld university, which dates from 1854
ana In age is second only to Prague
among the universities OF Europe.
Cracow itself was founded about 700
A. ID. More than once it was DESTROYED
by the Tartars. rebuilt and recolonized
by Polish. German and Bohemian set
gers. From 1905 to 1910 it was the
capital Of Poland. Later 1t was part Of
the grand duchy of Warsaw, and from
1915 60 1916 it was, with its immediate
Reighborhood, a free and neutral state.
q distinction it lost when internal dis
orders gave Austria an excuse to steD
HI and take possession OF the town.
One of the most interesting things in
Cracow is Kosciusko hill, a mound OF
earth on the top OF the Borislava hill.
1t is made up OF handfuls OF earth
brought by Poles from every corner Of
the Kingdom and thrown together to
form a memorial to the Polish patriot,
composed Of the soil OF the country he
loved so well. Across the river VistuIa
Oh Krakus hill there il a similar
mound. which is said to be almost 1900
years old. 1t was, so tradition says.
raised in the same way to the memory
OF krakus, the Slavic prince who
founded the city.
To the patriotic Pole Cracow is al
ways the spiritual center Of his father
land-the heart Of Poland" Youths
Companion.
The leader-enterprise. [volume] (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1912-1915, 1915-03-10

Although the drink called choco
late" did not appear in England until
1857, its restorative properties soon be-
came generally known. Thus on May
"a. 1861, after an evening of carous-
ing. Pepys worked in the morning,
with my head in a sad taking through
the last nights drink, which am very
sorry for: so rose and went out with
Mr.. Creed to drink our morning draft,
which he did give me in chocolate to
settle my stomach"
The leader-enterprise. [volume] (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1912-1915, 1915-03-10
SIBERIAN VILLAGES,
Life of the Peasants, Their Cottages
and Their Steam Baths.

Lite of the Peasants, Their Cottages
and Their Steam Baths.
An interesting account of the charac.
teristics of Siberian villages is given In
his book. Siberia" by M. r. Price:
The villages through which we trav-
eled on the way were Russian In every
respect. Streets were wide and full
Of rutS and slime. The houses had log
frames and rough hewn boards for the
roof. They had clean and well kept
appearance and were surrounded by
fences of wooden boards. Through the
fence a gateway opened into court
yard where the live stock were kept.
a stream generally runs behind the
village, and the manure from the yards
= II pitched in heaps along its banks.
'sbeiHg9 carried away each year by the
spring, floods.
Nfs+asIhere is large room with a brick
4toKe,. taking up perhaps a quarter of
the room. In this the family eat, live
aid Sleep-SOme on the stove and some
on the fioor-while a separate small
room is kept and reserved for visitors
or others who are not members of the
family. The rooms are whitewashed,
and each member of the family has u
steam bath every week in hut kept
for the purpose outside.
The notion that the Russian peasant
is habitually dirty is most mistaken.
Here, at all events, the average Sibe-
RAN peasants house could compete
with the best cottages in rural Eng
land. The temperature of the rooms is
generally rather trial to such as are
not used to extreme cold outside and
sealed windows with a stove inside"
The leader-enterprise. [volume] (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1912-1915, 1915-03-10
United Brethren Church
Vest Oconee street.

w eSG OcOnee street.
Rev. Chas A. CHM, Pastor.
Sabbah School at $50 a, m.
Preaching at 1915 a. m. and
7:45 p. M.
Jcnlor Y. P. G. f. at 2:3O p. M.
Sunday.
Prayer meeting Wednesday at
7:45 p. no.
Every body Welcome. Come.
The biggest bargain we have
ever offered cur subscribers is the
Leader Enterprise and four maya
zsire, all one year, for only 81 68.
The leader-enterprise. [volume] (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1912-1915, 1915-03-10
Tart Retort.

When "Orator" Hunt, who was a
backing manufacturer. was in parlia-
nlent, Sir Robert Peel so far forgot
himself in the course of an acrimoni-
GUS debate as to taunt him with this
fact. Whereupon Hunt replied: 1.-The
truth is. the honorable member is the
first gentleman in his family, and am
the first tradesman in mine"
The leader-enterprise. [volume] (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1912-1915, 1915-03-10
Sc ed Com

Whatley's prolific seed
corn. Grown on my own
farm and personally select
ed by me. Stiff.
F. K. Farmer.
The leader-enterprise. [volume] (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1912-1915, 1915-03-10
a Walsh Word.

In north Wales the Welsh word for
now is ''rwan." In south Wales it
is ''rwan" spelled backward-viz
'nawr." 1t is conjectured that the
irst II nth Walian who made use of
be w q was standing on. his head at
he time and that his pronunciation
,erame general Cardiff Western Mail.
The leader-enterprise. [volume] (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1912-1915, 1915-03-10

Notice! If you will pay for
your subscription to the Leader
Enterprise for one wear we will
send you four big magazines all
for one year for only 10 cents ex-
ira.
The leader-enterprise. [volume] (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1912-1915, 1915-03-10

A hole in hot water bag can be re-
aired by the same means as pune
Ire in bicycle tire. Drop a small
rass plug into the bag, work the
dreaded end through the hole and
rev on a thu nut This will hold
definitely.
The leader-enterprise. [volume] (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1912-1915, 1915-03-10
Bible Students

The international Bible Students
Glass meets every Sunday at 2:30
p. m. at the Woman's Relief Hall
on Main street. All are cordially
invited to meet with them.
The leader-enterprise. [volume] (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1912-1915, 1915-03-10
Presbyterian Church

Corner Grant and Palm.
REV. R. M. MANN, PASTOR.
Sunday school at 9:45 A. M.
Preaching at II a. 10. Sunday
morning every second and fourth
Saba his.
Evening Services 1880. All will
receive a cordial welcome.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
ASK FOR BROAD A n
Prclatcs Beg England Not to Make
- Reprisals.

London. May 16.-The Archbishop
Of Canterbury in a letter to Premier
Asquith and the Bishop of London in
a sermon today appealed to the gov
eminent not to make reprisals against
Germany for the use Of asphyxiating
gases by authorizing the army to
adopt similar measures of attack.
The letter of the Archbishop of Can
terbury said
Most earnestly do trust that we
shall never anywhere be induced or
drawn to take a course which would
lower us toward the level of those
whom we are attacking"
~Anti-German riots also were de-
nounced by the prelates, who offered
the full power of the church to in
duce every person I'm the kingdom to
do his share in the ar.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
MANY SEEK EMPLOYMENT.
Austrians and Russians Would Enter
United States in Search of Work..

Emerson. Man., May 16.-Two hun
dred .Austrians and Russians, van
guard OF an army Of unemployed esti-
mated at 1000, arrived here tonight
in search for work which they be-
lieved would be given them in the
United States. The little army was
much weakened by exposure, many of
its members having been without food
since leaving Winnipeg, three days
ago.
Leaders Of the band declare they
will present themselves to the United
States immigration officials tomorrow
for entry. Both the Canadian and
United States officials say they will
oppose any attempt by the unemploy-
ed to cross the line and trouble is
feared.
Owing to a lack of employment in
Canada leaders Of the men say that
between 1000 and 1000 of their coun-
trymen will start for the United States
within a few days.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
LIQUOR LAW UPHELD.
North CarOlina Statute Declared Valid
by Court.

Raleigh, N. c., May 14.-The North
Carolina liquor shipment law, limit
ing receipt of spirituous liquor to one
quart every two weeks to any in
dividual, was upheld in two decisions
In superior Our here today. In one
case George M. Glenn of Raleigh
sued the Southern Express company
10 o one quart of whiskey ship
ped from Richmond, Va, for his per-
sonal use and for $25 damages for
non-delivery. In the other Glenn
sued to compel the Southern Express
company at Richmond to receive one
gallon of whiskey to be shipped to
him here.
The suits are designed to test the
law passed by the last legislature.
The cases will be taken to the SUI
preme court.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
ELLIOTT SCHOOL CLOSES.
II. McLaurin Delivers Address.
Moody Reelected PRINCIPAL.

Bishopville, May 15.-The closing
exercises of the Elliott high school
were held on Wednesday evening,
May IL, and Thursday morning, May
IL. The Elliott school is the result
of several districts consolidating last
year n erecting one of the best
school buildings in the county. AS
this was the first year of the new
school there was no graduating class,
but on Wednesday evening an inter-
esting programme was rendered by
the pupils. Thursday morning, latter
superintendent S. II. Moody made his
report and delivered the meals that
had been offered, the Rev. Mr..
Bethea introduced the speaker of the
day, John l.. McLaurin.
About two months ago the trustees
met and reelected S. H. Moody prin-
cipal for another year. The follow
ing assistant teachers have accepted
for next term: Mrs. S. H. Moody,
Misses Annabell Player and Bertha
McCutchin. The last two were re-
elected.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
1881. sUMTER. 8 q. WEDNEsDAY MAV q 7o7
DENIALS OF BANK CHARGES.
M'ADOO AND WILLIAMS FILE
ANSWER IN RIGGS CASE.
specific Reputation of Riggs Allega-
lions Taken as Sign of Determined
Fight Against Charges.

washington, May 15.-Specifc de-
MAI OF charges Of conspiracy and
malice against the Riggs National
pank OF this city was made by Secre-
tary McAdoo and Comptroller Will
Hams of the treasury department. to-
day in afidavits filed In the supreme
court Of the District of Columbia in
reply to injunction proceedings
brought by the bank in which it was
claimed the treasury officials had con-
spired to wreck the bank.
Il specifically deny the charges of
having conspired or combined with
the defendant Williams or any one
else to injure the plaintiff bank or its
business" MIR. McAdoo declares.
II have not c%onspired in any way
to injure or ruin the plaintiff bank or
It's business and il is not and never
has been my purpose to infict injury
upon the plaintiff bank" Mr.. Will
lfams asserts. "All of the actions
have been in the performance Of my
duties in the premises and in the
exercise Of my honest judgment and
discretion and without malice, ill will
or bias against the plaintiff bank or
its officers"
At another point in his affidavit,
Mr.. McAdoo says:
II charge and aver the fact to be
that my inclusion in the suit is due
to Interior and improper motives and
was resorted to solely for the purpose
of thereby uttering and publishing
grossly false and libelous statements
under the privilege and protection of
judicial forms and free from the legal
accountability that would otherwise
be involved"
Filing of the affidavits was taken to
inL cate that there was no present
Intention to compromise the case. The
governments brief will be filed Mon
day, when oral argument will be
heard on pending motions to dismiss
the banks suit on. a plea of lack OF
jurisdiction and for other reasons.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
REGARD u. S.
Cologne Paper Says Germany Must
Not Consider America as Certain to
Go to War.

Amsterdam. May IA (via London).
The Cologne Volkszeitung, COM
menting upon expressions of Ameri-
can opinion concerning the sinking
of the Lusitania says
Americans are very prone to crit.
icise without any expectation that
such fighting with words will make
any great impression on those whom
they denounce. They feel relieved
when they have given frank express
sion of their irritation. In America.
however, val is most unpopular be-
cause 1t requires so many sacrifices
and destroys business.
There is no need, therefore, to
assert that America will join the
war against us but it may be taken
for granted that the wave of anti
German hatred will continue to mount
still higher. We deplore. but we can
not prevent It. ANTI German feeling
|ayahpeodtct zoe ssitatson. 10 siosyfy
mounted and will also slowly SUBJ
side"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
GREAT NAVAL PARADE.
PRESIDENT Wilson Wildly Chccrcd by
Immense Crowds.

New York. May 17.-Despite fire.
quent showers, lowering clouds and
chilly breezes, hundreds of thousands
viewed the great naval brigade pa
rade this forenoon. The president
ana party reviewed the parade from
the official stand and were wildly
cheered by the immense crowds. The
presidential party proceeded then to
the official luncheon on the Baltimore.
This afternoon at 3 o'clock President
Wilson will hoist his flag on the May
Hover and followed by escorts, will
steam up the Hudson between the
long lines of United States naval
craft. representing every type of YES
sci and will inspect three hundred
million dollars worth OF w~arships.
The president dimes aboard the ba,p.-
ship Wyoming tonight.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
ITALY PREPARED FOR WAR.
DEMONSTRATION OF ITALIANS
CONTINUE TO BE IN FAVOR
OF WAR AGAINST GER.
MANY AND AUSTRIA.
stated That Country Has Already Sc
cured a Secret Treaty With England,
Russia and France-Austrians Re-
ported I'm Rctreat-Danish Vessel
TOrpedOcd.

Rome, May 15.-War preparations
are reaching the final stage. Nearly
all projects throughout Italy will sur
render their powers to the military
authorities, virtually placing the en-
tire kingdom under martial law.
Twenty thousand men demonstrated
around the German and Austrian EN-
bassies today crying Down with the
Kaiser" War or peace is now up to
parliament. 1t is reported that before
its downfall the cabinet concluded a
secret treaty with England, France
and Russia, denouncing the triple al
lance.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
SPECIAL
Ordered In Sumter County ON July
18th To Fill Vacancy Caused by Re.
signatiOn OF Geo. w. Dick.

Columbia, May 17.-Speaker Jas A.
Hoyt has ordered a special election to
De held in Sumter county on July
18th to fill the vacancy in the house
caused by the resignation of George
w. Dick who was appointed postmas-
ter. The speaker has ordered an cleo
ton In Spartanburg county for Sep
18th to fill the vacancy In the
house delegation caused by the resig-
nation of W. G. Query, appointed TO
the State tax commission.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
Note To Germany DELAYED.

Washington. May 15.-Up to seven
o'clock last night the presidents note
to Germany had not been officially re-
ceived In Berlin. was reported by a
wireless message from Ambassador
Gerard. which was received today.
The consested telegraph lines from
Rome to Berlin are responsible and
efforts are being made to locate the
point Of delay.
IL Is reported hat DR.. Dernburg.
who Is regarded as the unofficial
spokesman in America OF the Kaiser.
has been recalled to Berlin from New
York.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
YAQUI INDIAN MASSACRE.
Admiral Howard Reports Effort Ia
Erterm,nate Foreigners In YaquI
Valley.

Washington, May 15.-In a delayed
dispatch Admiral Howard reported
that the Yaqui Indians enragcd by
land concessions granted to American
~colonists In the YaQui river Valley.
Mexico. are now engaged In a pitched
battle to wipe out the foreigners. The
report OF the death of Donovan. VIII
o and Fay and the serious wound
Ing OF stocker (Atlantisn) Americans
An confirmed.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
Tension Increases i'm Italy.

Rome. May 17.-Despite n denial
by the foreign office, a report per-
sists that following a long confer
cnce the German and Austrian ambas-
sailors asked for their passports. The
Italian cabinet at a secret session last
night, it is reported, voted to ask for
a credit Of twenty million dollars for
immediate military and naval neces-
sities.' Bitter controversies continue
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19

Berlin, May t6.-In an article which
was probably inspired" the vos-
dche zeitung today states that the
German Ambassador Bernstorff will
probably be instructed to suggest a
court OF arbitration for settling the
United States demands. II such a
suggestion Is made. Germany may
abandon Its policy Of t~orpedoing hos
tile passenger ships until a decision,
" reached.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
ANTI German Riots.

London, May ia demand for the
confscation Of all German owned
property in Great Britain, valued ut
over a billion dollars was made today
by influential newspapers. 1t has the
support Of Lord Charles Beresford.
The internment Of aliens continues to.
day with anti-German rioting in many
quarters, followed by scores Of arrests
The employees of the London tramway
system struck today, because of the
refusal Of a war bonus. 1t is feared
the bus men will follow their example,
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19

Petrograd, May 1.-THE Austrians
are ~retreating from Bistritza. heal the
Roumanian border over a front near
1y one hundred miles long. The bat
tie at Shivli Courland, Russia, con-
tinues without result. The Germans
r hurrying reinforcements to Bulk
owina. The Russians along the San
river have been reinforced and it is
not feared here that the Germans will
reach Przemysl. The Russians in
South Poland have been reinforced.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
German Fire Loss.

Amsterdam. May 17.-Dispatches
relate heavy damages by fire through
out Germany. Seven sheds, contain
ing a number of locomotives at
Koenigsburg were burned. A great
tannery at Strasburg was burned by
bombs dropped from a French aero
plane. The damage was a million dol
lars. A chemical factory nea Dam
zig was also burned.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
AEROPLANES ATTACK ZEPPELIN.
Big Ship Brought Down and Crew of
Sixty Killed-TwO Aeroplanes Lost.

Aoots
London, May 16.-The story Of a
battle between a Zeppelin and a
squadron of q British a%eroplanes has
reached The Daily Mail by way of
Rotterdam:
This Zeppelin" says the account.
a beef frequently seen cruising in
the neighborhood of Brussels. About
8 o'clock in the evening it was sur.
rounded and attacked by 81 aero
planes. The Zeppelin put up a spirited
fight with machine guns and tried to
escape by rising to a high altitude.
but the aeroplanes gave it no chance.
within a few minutes the Zeppelin
had received several wounds and fell.
All the crew of 60 were killed. Two
aeroplanes were destroyed by the Yep
pelin's guns.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
SUSPENDS NEW SHIPPING CODE.
Holds up Until September ii Pro-
posed Changes In Scaboard Air Line
Regulations.

Washington, May 15.-The inter-
state commerce commission today
suspended until September IA pro-
posed changes in regulations by the
Seaboard Air Line railroad, govern
ing the transportation of berries in
less than carload lots from points in
North and South Carolina to New
York and other Eastern points.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
DIRIGIBLE NEAR DOVER.

Approaches HarbOr but Turns and
Goes to Sea-Minor Explosions
Heard.
London, May IA Dover dispatch
to the Exchange Telegraph says a.
hostile air craft appeared to be ap-
preaching the harbor at $50 o'clock
this morning but returned to sea.
Several minor explosions were heard
and all the electric lights in the town
were extinguished. 49,"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
HOLD CHILDREN'S DAY.
Interesting Exercises at Methodist
Church of PaxyilIe.

PaxVille, May 16.-Children's day
exercises were held at the Paxvi.le
Methodist church on Sunday evening.
The children rendered THE Soldiers
OF the King in a very attractive man.
ner.
The church was f~estooned with
tri-colored bunting and the Ameri-
can flags and Christian banners were
In evidence. Floral decorations were
displayed on the piano and pulpit.
A cradle roll service was held in the
afternoon. A large crowd was pres
ent for each Of these services.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-05-19
SHIPS SENT TO GUAYMAS.
cruisers to Render Relief to Amcri-
can COLONY.

washington, May 14.-Secretary
Daniels late today ordered the cruiser
New Orleans from Manzanillo to
'uaymas Mexico, to join the Raleigh
In rendering any relief possible to the
colony of Americans attacked by In
dians In the Yaqui valley, IL or 90
miles inland.