Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1915-11-08

IUous the rnted states announce
I thal % has nn other course but O
IeoHtest seizures of vessels AL sea- upoi
lconIeeumi suspicion and the prac
Juice of trneing them into pori fo
+ the purpose rs search or otherwise
Inf obtaining evidence Hnd adds ina
RELYING Hpon the regard of the Brit
Isl government for me principles q
Justice - frequently end unfarml
manifested prior O. me present wal
IfHs government anticipates Tho Brit
ish government via instruct iheir of
Ulcers to refrain from these veNaiiou
land Illegal practices
O6l pireetinR particular atten
ltIon tu ihe so-talled blockade meas
Iures imposed hy me order in coun.
len of March 3D. the British note oi
I luy 2g iast b cited 10 confirm th'
| Intention to establish @ blockade
Auar over tlx months application ~
the blockade order the note nfs
"tha experience of American citizens
|has convinced ihe government ot the
limited states thlt Great Britain has
been unsuccessful Iu her efforts t0
|uatiueulsh between enemy and neu-
tml trade.
Neutral Trade Ilams-ed.
pD Tho practice ct requiring %
aousienor to prove that hls ship
ments are mot bound to an enemy 81
GREAT Britain oven when articles are
~ he embargo list of the neutrnl
country % winch They ore destined,
r characterized 1s harvesting te neu-
ual traders
Isl WhIc tho United states gov-
eminent was al first inclined to view
with icnicncy the british measures
which ARE termed in their correspon-
dence but not In the order-in-comcil
of March m "a blockade because OF
the assurances of the British govern
ment that Inconvenience 20 neutral
trude would be- minImIzed by the dis
creton left to the courts in the upph-
cation of the order-in.council and hy
The Instructions which IL was said
would Doe issued 70 The administra-
tive and other authorities having TO-
do with tho executiun of The so-ealled
blockade measures. This govern
ment Is now forced Co the realization
that its exclusions, when were iully
set forth ln its note of March 30. were
based on d misc0nceptlon Of the in-
tentlona Of the British governments
Desiring 90 avoid controversy aud in
the expectation that the administra-
ton Of the ordor-in-cOuncil would con
form To- the established rules of in-
ternntional law, this government has
untl now reserved tha question of
tho actual validity of the order-in-
council Of March H. Ia $50 far as u
Is considered by the government Of
Great Britain to establish q blockade
within the meaning of TINT term as
understood in the law and practices Of
nations but in the circumstances now
developed il feels that It can no longer
permit the validity Of the alleged
10 remain mehallenged."
German Coast open 20 Trade
49, Pointing out that IN accord
aucc with the declaration of Paris in
1856. tho effectiveness Of q blockade
Is "manifestly question Of fact, the
United states says it Is common
that the German coasts are
open to trade with the scandinavian
countries The recent placing OF cot
ton on the British list OF contraband
IL spoken of as making II appear that
the British government themselves
have been forced 20 the conclusion
that the blockade Is ineffective 10 pre-
vent shipments of cotton from reach
ing their enemies. or else that they
are doubtful ~ 20 the legality of the
form Of blockade which they have
sought TO maintain
90 Decisions arc cited 10 show
that IT is an essential principle, uni
lersallv accepted that a blockade
must apply imparually 10 the ships
Of an nations, and 1t Us added that 1T
haulgorcnts themselves trade with
blockadcd ports" the principle IN the
past mas been that they cannot be re-
garded az effectively blockaded
These decisions are referred to
since IL is matter Of common
that Great Britain exports
and ro-exports large quantities of
a. Norway, sweden
Denmark and Holland whose ports, 500
far Hs American commerce ls con
crrned shc regards as blockaded %
(gD The principles of The laws of
nations which forbid the blockade of
neutral ports in time of war, embodied
In that part OF the Declaration Of
London adopted hl Great Britain us to
he blockade. are discussed ana, sew
tral decisions OF tho British prize
courts prior 60 the present war aS
well as the Matamorns cases la the
American civil war are recalled 10
support the contention of the United
stntea.
t2gl Measured by the three uniyor-
sally conceded tests the present Brt.
sh measures cannot be regarded as|
constituting blockade In law mI
practice. or In effect
(28J Formal notice lis given that
HE blockade" which Great Britain
'caims 90 have instituted under the
order in council of March IT. cannot
be recognized as legal blockade hy
he United States
tsH The British view of tho ia
nous Springhak case before the out
break of the present war les cited TO-
support tho American contentious
t25 To- 30 malusvcl These deal cN
lnuAtNeR with the modes az judicial