davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1915-06-30
LIVINGSTON

special Correspondence to the herald.
A dance was held in Aliens hall,
Friday evening, June 25. Music by
the Arlington orchestra.
Mrs. Frank Allen has returned
from Lancaster where she has been
visiting her sister, Mrs. Loretta
Eastman.
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Richards, of
Lodi, were visitors at the John
Barber home.
Mrs. C. C. Dickinson and niece
Helen Anderson, and Miss Ethel
Carter, were guests at the R. M.
Carter home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Harry Blddick and
son Joies were business callers in
Milwaukee.
Mrs. VIM. Weaver and Miss Dot
Weaver, of Fennimore. were guests
at the home of Mrs. Albert White.
Bart Anderson, of Bagley is visit
ing his daughter, Mrs. Fest.
DR.. L. l.. Robertson has returned
from Cowdon, ILL.,, where he attended
the funeral of his brother Joe.
The Rundell and Biddick picnic
was held June "a.
Tom Chandler is making a visit
with his sister in Missouri.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1915-06-30

Mrs. Lauretta turner, for over 40
years a resident of Lancaster, died
on June II. at the home of her
daughter. Mrs. Herman Thomas, in
Rock Island, ILL.,, where she was
visiting. Mrs. Turner was born in
Germany April z, 1888. and came to
st. Louis at the age of z years and
later to Lancaster where practically
the whole of her life was spent. She
was married in the late fifties to
Samuel Turner who died 38 years
ago. To this marriage six children
were born. Two died in their youth
while William and Frank, of this
city, Mrs. Emma aeinzel, of Omaha,
Neb., and Mrs. Herman Thomas, of
Rock Island, beside 15 grand chill
dren mourn her loss.
Funeral services were held at the
NJ. E. church June Ia, with inter
ment at Hillside cemetery, Rev. I.
S. Beavins officiating.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1915-06-30
CARD OF THANKS.

The family wishes to extend its
heartfelt appreciation for the kind
ness extended them by many friends
during their hour of sorrow.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1915-06-30
CARD OF THANKS

The family wish to thank the
friends and neighbors for their many
acts of kindness and help during the
long sickness and death of their dear
wife and mother, also for the beauti-
full flowers.
VIM. H. Hough and Family.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1915-06-30
Limits of Eminence.

Frankly, baron, didn't particularly
like your last three volumes of poems"
"Sure They're rotten. But I've got
TO write like that Otherwise people
would think | was writing to earn
mOney.'--Man Lacht.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1915-06-30
Versatile.

Ella-He is said to be a very versa
tile young man. Stella-He is. One
day last summer he started to teach
me TO row, and before we finished he
was teaching me to SWIM --LOndOn
Telegraph.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1915-06-30
CARD OF THANKS

The family wishes to express it's
thanks for the sympathy extended
them during the illness of their
husband and father.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1915-06-30
Considerations of Precedence.

'Why did that girl marry Mr.. Addle-
wellY'
''Some idea Of precedence, l sup
pose. She wanted to be among those
who lead the list in the city d1rec-
tory."-WasNngton Star.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1915-06-30
Painting Lessons.

Margretta Nehls is prepared to
give painting lessons original or
ccpy work-in charcoal, pencil,
water-color, or pastel. Pupils are
solicited. 17w2p.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
BOTH ROGERS CHILDREN
DEAD OF POISONING

NEW YORK, Jan. 4.--Little two
year-old John Rogers, who was poi
soned by his mother when she gave
up hope OF ever getting a legitimate
name for him, died early today at
Lebanon hospital At the moment he
passed away his mother, in a nearby
ward, suffering from self.administered
poison, was calling, almost incoher-
emily. for her real husband-the man
she deserted for Lorlys Elton Rogers
Her half-conscious utterings as she
lies fighting for her life and that OF
her unborn babe have given clues
from which her whole life's history
has been learned
AS yet the woman knows nothing
OF the death OF either OF her children
Baby Lorida, who died couple OF
days ago, and John. who passed away
today. She believes them TO be re-
covering from the poison she gave
them and has determined to live her
self. That she will have to face trial
on a charge OF numbering her two
children II she does live, apparently
has not occurred TO her Doctors to-
day say she has a good chance of
recovery.
Ida Sniffen was her maiden name.
She was born in New York and lived
here the greater part OF her life. Her
father was racing man, and a big
man in his world
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
CARMAN BADLY HURT
IN INTERURBAN SMASH

BAY CITY, Mich. Jan 4.-(Spe-
cialD Henry Shepard. motorman on
a Farragut line car was perhaps fatal
ly injured this morning when his car
collided with a Flint-Bay City interur-
ban.
The cars came together on Farra-
gut.st. just inside the city limits. A
heavy fog prevented the motorman of
each car seeing the other until too
late. Both motormen held to their
places and as result none of the
passengers on either car was injured
when the cars met head on Shepard
was pinned In the crunshed vestibule,
and II was ten minutes before he was
extricated and taken TO Mercy hospi-
tai
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
b, OF c. FORCED
TO TURN AWAY
WORK SEEKERS
tcon,Inued from PAGE oneo

the board, who are giving personal
attention TO needy families, is contin
uing. under the supervision of Walter
{. Cole, assistant secretary.
There are about 375 members OF
the board engaged in the Big Brother
work now said Mr. Cole. I'VE are
,luokiTg after families as quickly as
we can but the number OF new ones
We ale asked to aid is increasing fast
or tnan relief work. Citizens, not
members OF the board. are joining in
the work by furnishing jobs of various
xmas Many who have odd pieces OF
work about their homes are helping
the movement along by giving men
temporary employment. But despite
all we can do. we must face the fact
that there are many more poor fam
ilies than we can care for"
Anong those who applied for aid
Monday morning was a man who said
he lost his wife and children in the
Galveston food. He had come north
he said, and had managed TO get on
his feet" again by working on lake
fretghters during the navigation sea
son Last season. he said, misfortune
again robbed him OF everything he had
earned He was member OF the
crew OF the lumber schooner Mon.
tana," which sank.
Il lost everything but nay life," he
said, and kept that in me this morn
ing by scrubbing the floor of res
taErant fol- enough food to keep ms
alive for g day"
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
TOrrenfidi Rains Call
Halt In Fighting

PARIS, Jan 4.-Torrential rains
which have resulted in uncomfortable
floods and which continue to sweep
over all OF northern France and Bel
gium, have placed hostilities almost
at standstill with the exception of
the right wing. Even the artillery
duels have slackened owing to the in
ability OF the transport TO bring up
additional ammunition. in conse-
quence the gunners are outstanding
their supply everywhere.
The trenches are water-filled
bitches. In the north, at many points,
rivers and creeks have overfiowed
their banks and filled them with wa
ter, driving the troops out. The rain
is accompanied by high wintry wind
which causes terrible suffering to the
soldiers, who in many instances, are
unable TO make fires to dry their
clothing The percentage OF sick is
increasing daily. Hundreds OF men
are being invalided TO the rear. Most
OF them are suffering from pneumonia
Until the weather changes there
can be no general resumption OF the
fighting. Both sides are utilizing the
lull to bring up reinforcements to
threatened positions. But this Is a
very hard task The men are forced
to wade through mud up to their
knees. And II is almost impossible
for any OF the transports, excepting
the more powerful motor vehicles, 10
move The latter are frequently
stalled. thus effectively blocking the
roads
In the Vosges and in upper Alsace
the fighting continues with the French
making slow but steady gains.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
ROYAL oAK.


William Lighthall left Sunday night
for an extended business trip In the
Upper Peninsula.
Mary Trankla. who Is studying at
Crosse Pointe, spent part OF the holt
day season with her grandfather. d. NJ.
Smith.
Robert Mauk, OF Canton, Ohio, was
the holiday guest OF Miss Mary Fau-
cett. who is spending the winter with
her aunt, Mrs Everett
The American Agricultural Chemi-
cal Co. OF Detroit, awarded u 500
prize 10 Edwin A. Starr for the best
single acre or potatoes out OF 10 In
the state that used their fertilizer.
MIR. and Mrs. Otto FierZ and son
spent the weekend with Mr.. Fierz's .
sister I'm Ypsilanti
The Misses Clara Rastenburg and
Esther Wheeler have resigned their
positions In the postoffice
kathrine Mellen is suffering with
"A bal attack OF bronchitis.
Mrs, T.. H. Hutton. Ridge-rd Is in
New York on l0-days visit.
Mr.. and Mrs. IL. f.. Holmes OF Port
Huron, We're weekend guests OF DR..
and Mrs w S Gass.
The boy scouts OF Royal Oak Joined
the Detroit scouts In a hike Saturday
TO points east Of town.
Kathrine Ever whose eye was badly
hurt while sliding down hill recently.
is still under the care OF Detroit
specialist.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
MARRIAGES

Harvey Denno. ,2S. Detroit; Emma
stelnka, 22, Wyandotte
- Roman Truskolaski. %; Josephine
Nesolowski. lS.
Fred Flath. 23 Julia Yek, 20.
anthony ogenski, SO; Pelaia GREE
John Jasik. %: Magdalena przazga.
Byron Randolph. 50: Mary Naples, 20.
.. Harry Heilman, 2s; Helen Fletcher.
-, slYtus Jane. 2S. Hamtramck; clara
Harley Eberstein, 20. Traverse City;
Ruth Gearing, 22 Detroit
> August Neering "a, Bay City; wini-
fred Doyle, 81, Detroit.
Paul Lelek. 23; Frances Wyrwa. 1s.
Anthony Bender, 10: Jamina Kaszub-
Jack coturo. 20; Grace Wilson, ls.
Fllipkowska, 20.
Joseph Messina. rs; Bertha Tonto-
Adam Koziot. "a; Anna craneskow.
Anthony Kasperczyk, 2s; Jadwiga
George stipeak. 80; Lizzie Ronacak.
Philip Korn, %: Sophia Londo, Il.
Theodore Berman. 2s. WyandotteI
Hattie sherman. 23.
Felix Kovitski, 20; Victoria Haishaw.
Philip wesberg, 2s; Anna Berknitz.
10.
Sam Chanoss. 90: Anna Schwartz. 20.
Julius Saml, 20: Julia Sabo, 20.
27.
Eugene Brown, 80; Bertha Hine. so.
Richard Hagen, 33; Johanna Briar-
ton, &c.
Victor Krokowski. 20 stanislaw Ur-
banowicz. Is.
John Petoskey, 20; Emma Lau, 90
John Ganuszka, %; Cashmere Kss-
Julius Neidert. 81; Anna Kratten-
> yslentine GrObnasgsr. "a; Lsota
William Rottenberg. 22 Pauline
Amman. 20.
Joseph Eiben. %; Ammy Davis, as
Charles Belenska, %; Victoria Wis
mix, 10.
Tony Ruthkowski 20; Josie Baron.
Il.
Charles shsrrow. 81; Marvel Keiby.
81.
John Cradek, 2s; Mary Zokoeilos, Is.
Edward Perry. 2s; Lucy Griffin. 27.
Ernest X. stegmeyer. 80; Blanche
sutton, 40.
Zakacias szecz. 27; Rozalia szabo. ~.
Montose Fairbairn, ss; Charlotte
Jury. 26.
Peter Mesura, 81; Mary Piskorsl<i
10.
August Schultz, 20; Lena Herman, 2s.
Ignacy Wozniak, 2S, Detroit; Pauline
Pliska, "a, Hamtramok.
Daniel Clancy, 36. Highland Park:
Martha Scheneman. 2s. Capac.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
POPE SECURES
RELEASE OF ALL
WAR CRIPPLES
Soldiers So Manned AS To BE
Unfit for Further Fighting
Will BE Sent Home
GENERAL EXCHANGE
AGREED TO BY POWERS
Many Are Incapacitated for Life
By Their Terrible Ex-
periences

ROME. Jan. 4.-Evidences OF the
great influence the vatican now has
with all OF the belligerent powers was
forthcoming today when IL was an.
nounced that success has crowned
Pope Benedict's effort TO have Grip
pied soldiers, i'capacltated for further
hghting, sent pack 10 their homes.
This material success, II is stated on
high authority, has greatly cheered the
pope, and led him TO believe that
eventually a way will be found 10
reconcile the warning nations and end
the war.
In the official announcement made
AT the vatican today, il was stated
that Great Britain, Germany, Russia.
Austria, Seryi6, and Turkey have all
agreed TO exchange prisoners in their
hands for their own people wherever
'these prisoners are so disabled as TO
be or no further use as lighting units.
While France and Montenegro have
50 far failed TO answer their consent
to the plan is expected momentarily.
Of the million ard one-half prison
erS detained in the various prison
camps OF the belligerent nations, IL
Is believed by the pope and his advis.
ors that between 10000 and 200 900
viii he restored to their homes by
this agreement.
The sad part is, OF course. that all
OF these men are crippled for life.
Many have lost limbs Others are
hopeless inyalius as the result OF their
experience The Germans have the
largest number OF severely crippled
soldiers in the hands OF the enemy as
many OF the prisoners taken in the
battles Of the Aisne and the Marne
were so severely wounded that they
lad to have arms and legs amputated.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
Russians Checked
In Hungary, Claim

VIENNA. Jan 4.--That the Rus
sian invasion of Hungary is checked.
at least temporarily, is the view of the
military experts at headquarters.
They declare that, although the Rus
SLAMS penetrated the Carpathians at
four points, they have been checked
at the first line Of the Hungarian de-
fenses with heavy losses.
German and Austrian troops are
again cooperating in the fighting to
the northwest of Gorlice and the war
office denies the Russian claim that
the Russians gained "a victory there.
1t is announced that complete con-
firlnation has been received OF the
Austrian victory south OF Gorlice
where an entire Russian battalion Of
$50 men and five officers with two ma
chine guns and an aeroplane were cap
tured
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
DIED.

DADDe
coUGaLIN;nJa1, GSsa ,;7. 1'iS Sonss,y MARY. a.s be;
mother OF Mrs. John kalin. Anna.
Helen, John and Anthony Coughlin.
Funeral from residence. ll8 Tenth
ST.. Tuesday morning at $3.50 o'clock
TO Holy Trinity church at y o'clock.
DfXON--Jan. 2, 1915. Richard T.. be
loved son OF Jos. H. and Katherine
Dixon. Funeral from residence. e0h
Vancouver ave. Tuesday, at o'clock.
FISHER--Jan. 2. Myrtle May. aged Is
years dear .dss dsushtFsr F.n OF Mary and
Richard and Grace. Funeral from
residence. 722 Crane-ave, Tuesday at
2 D. m. Interment at Evergreen
cemetery.
Carl, aged IA years. beloved son OF
Mr.. and Mrs. Lauritz c. Larsen Flu
neral from residence, Tuesday. 2 p.
III.
sHANAHAN--Jan. 2, 1915. at her resi-
widow OF Daniel sranahan and
mother of Patrick and James r.
Shanahan. Funeral Tuesday. Jan. G.
from residence at a. m, and Holy
Trinity church at 10 o'clock. Burial
at Mt Elliott.
STRAW William, Jan. 8. aged so
years. beloved father OF Nina. rloyd
and Maude. Funeral from Van Ler-
berghe undertaking parlors. Tuesday
BRIDGE-Adolphus H., Sunday,
at Kingsville, Ont, in his seventy
NTH year Funeral at his residence
in Kingsville, Tuesday. at y. m.
HARMAN--Fe aged 81 years
dear brother OF Mrs, George Schmitt
Funeral from residence, IL Hunt-st
Tuesday. at a. m. and at $3.50 at 81.
Joseph's church. lnterment at Mt
Elliott cemetery.
HALLs--Jan 3, John ", beloved faith
er OF Mrs Joseph Surridge. Funeral
services at residence. Ss6 Bewick
ave Tuesday at ] p. m. Interment
at Grand Lawn cemetery.
MERR1TT-Jan. 2, Joseph A.. beloved
son OF Mr.. and Mrs. George l.. Mer
ritt Funeral from residence I47G
Sherman-st. Tuesday. $3.50 "A. m Bur
ial private.
TW WENTIETu ANNlVERSARY-- In ioN p
ing memory or our dear mother, who
passed away at her residence, 4g4
sixth-st. Jan. 4th, 1885. In the hope
OF n blessed resurrection. through
Christ, 20 contaminated holiness and
endless felicity. We thank our God
for every remembrance Of thee; and
though we still mourn the loss, dear
mother blessed be God, We sorrow
not az those who have no hope
Thou are gone home, heavenly
crowned and blest'
Where could the love OF that deep
heart find rest
With aught below?
Thou must have seen that all save
heaven decay
All our. dear loved ones pass from
y Thrice blsst TO 60,
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
German Attacks
Fail Say Russians

PETROGRAD. Jan. 4-The Ger
mans are trying to force the passage
OF the Bzura river and are sacrificing
men by the hundred In the attempt.
Night assaults are the rule, but up TO
the present time they have failed at
every point.
The most severe fighting has been
In the neighborhood- OF Kozloff and
Biskoupi, where. under cover OF dark
ness, the Germans Saturday night
showed pontoon bridges over the river
and started across. Word OF the
movement had reached the Russian
commander who was In readiness.
Not until the last man OF the expedi-
ton had landed did the Russians act.
Then, while the Germans we're being
-iddled with rapid 1rers. their pom
toons were put out OF commission by
heavy field artillery. Not a single
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
PersidnS and Bulgdrs
Helping the Turks

CONSTANTINOPLE. (via Berlin
and London), Jan 4.--That Persian
and Bulgarian volunteers are operat-
ing with the Turkish army was an
nounced at army headquarters today.
According to the war Office these vol
unteers already have been responsible
for substantial Turkish victory in a
skirmish northeast OF Sautsch. The
Bulgarians and Persians attacked a
column of Russian troops. killing 200
and capturing six guns. In all OF the
fighting near Sarykamysh the Turks
claim signal successes against the
Russians.
Russian cruisers again have failed
in an attempt to land marines at
Jaffa They were driven of by the
fire of the land batteries and several
OF their cutters demolished.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04

An Ordinance 20 amend section 2 OF an
Ordinance entitled can ordinance 40
Sttied .An ordinance prescribing eer-
tain limits within the City OF Detroit
where saloons In which spirituous.
Intoxicating or malt liquors are a9ld
MS n beverage shall not hereafter be
established and maintained, and spfr-
ftuous, Intoxicating or malt liquors
sold therein, and 10 repeal all ordf-
nances or parts Of ordinances incon-
sistent herewith approved Jan. 2,
1gOs. ms nended." approved Dee. 30,
1918.
TT Is HEREBY ORDAINED BY THE
PEOPLE or THE CITY OF DETROIT:
Section 1 That Section OF an orr
dinance entitled "An Ordinance 10
amend Section OF an ordinance snti-
limits within the city OF Detroit whore
saloons in which spirttuous, intoxicat-
ing or malt liquors are sold as bev-
erage shall not hereafter be establish
ed and maintained. and spirituous. In
toxicating or malt liquors sold therein.
and TO repeal all ordinances or parts
OF ordinances Inconsistent herewith.
approved Jan. 2. 1908, as AMENDED, be
and the same Is hereby amended 70
read as follows:
Sec. 2. no saloon where spirituous,
Intoxicating or malt liquors are sold
as a beverage shall hereafter be ss-
tablished and maintained within tho
territory within the City or Detroit de-
scribed as follows: All that portion
the northerly city limits. on the east
BY the center line OF Beaubien street,
on the south by the southerly city
limits and on the west by the center
line OF Woodward avenue Provided
however, the provisions OF this ordi-
nance shall not apply TO the following
described piece and parcel OF land: The
east 9.25 feet OF lot y, and west IL feet
OF lot 10. Governor and Judges Plan.
situated on the north side OF Jefferson
avenue, between Bates and Randolph
streets and known as number 2lf JEFF
ferson[ avenue east: and further pro-
yided the provisions OF this ordinance
shall not apply TO the following de-
scribed piece and parcel OF land: So
much OF lot ~. block Q. Governor and
Judges plan as IS occupied By iss
Sec. 2. This ordinance shall take
Approved Dec. 2s.. 1914
Mayor
A-1i2e city Clerk
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04

German in the expedition escaped.
Those not killed or wounded were
taken prisoners.
There has also been fghting with
out definite result south OF the Pilica
river at half dozen points, but the
Germans have been unable TO extend
their lines They have lost heavily
as they are compelled TO fight in the
open, while the Russians remain in
their trenches.
Claims OF German successes at GER
tain points OF the outer Warsaw de-
fenses are declared at headquarters
to be without foundation.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04

An Ordinance to amend nm ordinance
entitled "An ordinance TO snsnA an
amend Chapter lsI OF the ConpfIed
Ordinances OF the CITY sf Detroit Ter
the year 1912. BY adding thereto .
new section 20 be Known ss ssstiea
1T IS HEREBY ORDAINED BY TIE
PEOPLE OF THE CITY OF DnTROfT:
Section 1. That an ordinances entitled
AN ordinance TO amend an ordinanos
entitled An ordinance TO amend Chap.
ter Isl OF the Compiled Ordinances OF
Sy adding thereto a new section 70 bs
sa%s Z. ssrsSy he sm.nssa 70 re read na Z. fa S
lows:
Sec: 10, No saloon where spirituous,
intoxicating or malt LIQUORS are sold
tabllshed and maintained within the
territory within the City OF Detroit
described as follows; All that portion
east by a line described as follows:
Beginning at point whore Vermont
avenue as extended meets the channel
ter line OF vermont avenue as extend
ed TO the center line OF Vermont ave.
nue.; thence along the center line of
Vermont avenue TO the center line OF
Howard street; thence westerly along
the center line OF Howard street TO the
center line OF Wabash avenue; thence
northerly along the center line OF Wa
westerly along the center line OF the
Boulevard to Fourteenth avenue;
thence northerly along the center line
OF Fourteenth avenue TO the northeriy
city limits; on the east by a line de-
seribed as beginning at point where
reach the channel bank: thence north
erly along the center line OF Nino-
teenth street. as extended, to the CEN
ter line OF Nineteenth street: thence
northerly along the center line OF
Nineteenth street to the center line OF
center line OF Fort street to tho
center line OF Twentieth street: thence
northerly along the center line OF
Twentieth street to the westerly iine
OF the Loranger farm. thence north
srly along the westerly line Of the
thence westerly along the center line
OF McGraw avenue 10 Lawton avcnu .;
thence northerly along the center line
of Lawton avenue to the center line
OF the boulevard thence westerly
along the center line OF the Boulevard
thence northerly along tn center line
OF Lawton avenue 10 the northerly city
| limits; on the north by the northerly
city limits and on the south by the
national boundary line. Excepting,
however, SO much OF lots 10 9. as Is
| that part OF r, c. No. a lying between
! the Chicago and Grand River roads,
as is occupied by 240 Myrtle street.
Sec g. THIS ordinance shall take
\ mmediate effect.
OSCAR q. MARX.
| Attest: RICHARD LINDSAY,
A-l125 City Clerk.
The Detroit times., 1915-01-04
33,315 INDUSTRIAL
ACCIDENTS LAST YEAR

LANSING, Mich, Jan. 4.-(speciaD
A total Of 33,315 accidents were re-
ported to the industrial board during
the last year, according to the annual
report OF the board made public today
There were 4,27l major and 1906
minor accidents In which compensa.
ton was paid. Two ! hundred and
thirty accidents resulted fatally. or
the accidents reported during the
year In nearly 10000 cases compen.
sation was not paid, the reason being
that the disability continued for less
than two weeks, which is the waiting
period under the law.
Three hundred and eighty-five cases
were arbitrated. while 81 were heard
on review by the whole board. Thirty
cases were appealed 10 the supreme
court, OF which seven decisions OF the
hoard were affirmed, five reversed.
one modified and 20 are now pending.