davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01
ERNST NORTH ARNDT, IN 1877.

up in smoke in August, 1906, and two months
later the kingdom of Frederick the Great lay
PROSTATE. Germany's kings ministers and
marshals grovelled under the heel of Napoleon
and were his obedent slaves. What was left
Of patriotism abode with the people and their
large-hearted champions. The attitude of
German oficiadom was supne and utterly
abject There was not king dared to raise
voice against the murder Of the bookseller
Palm. Scharnhorst and Gnesenau called the
Tugenbund League of Virtue) into existence
at K0ngsberg, but the King of Prussia dis
solved it. The newspapers were shamelessly
servie, and would-be polite authors fawned
on Napoleon and gorifed him in their ded
cation. Then Scharnhorst and Gneisenau and
Stein found allies in the poets of the people,
especially in Max Won Schenkendorf and
Ernst Moritz Arndt. Schenkendorff's poems
were published by Stein and circulated among
the soldiery, in camp and on the battlefield
He hymned liberty like religion, and though
he had but one effective hand land that the
LETT he took a sword in it that blows might
be added to his words. Two Of his songs
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01
EUGENICS AND THE GREAT WAR

side we find a Kreisler. created TO be the JOY
of the world ready to be trampled to death
beneath the hoofs of Cossacks horses The
friends of Gordon. Mathison, the best student
ever turned out from the medical faculty Of
the Melbourne University, and a dlstin
gushed young psychologist who seemed to be
destined to become one of the first physicians
of his time, viewed with foreboding his re-
solve to go to the front, for wherever he was
he had to be in the game" they said and few
weeks later he was killed at Gallipoli on the
threshold of his career. The qualities that
count in peace are the qualities that count in
war, and the high-spirited man who throws
himself bravely into the dangerous adventures
of peace is fully the equal of the hero of the
battlefield, ard himself prepared to become
that hero.
1t would seem, therefore, on the whole, that,
when the eugenist takes wide survey of this
question, he need not qualify his dsapproval Of
war by any regrets over the loss Of such Writ
warfare fosters. In every progressive
civilization the moral equivalents of war are
already in full play. Peace as well as war;
develops the noblest attributes of man.;
peace, rather IMAM war, preserves tHe human
sea from putrescence; it is the condemnation
of peace, rather than the condemnation Of
war, which is not only absurd, but immoral.
We are not called upon to choose between the
manly virtues of war and the effemnate de-
generacy of peace. The Great War of to-day
may perhaps help US to realize that the choice
placed before US is Of another sort. The
virtues of daring and endurance will never
fail IN any vitality progressive community OF
men, alike in the causes of war and of peace.
But, on the one hand, we find those virtues at
work in the service Of humanity creating ever
new marvels OF science and Of art, adding TO
the store Of the precious heirlooms of the race
which are a joy TO all mankind. On the other
hand we see these same virtues in the service
of savagery. extinguishng those marvels, kill
ing their creators, and destroying every pre-
,ious tree sure of mankind within reach. That,
seems TO be one of the chief lessons of this
war is the choice placed before us who are
to-day called upon to build the world of the
future on firmer foundation than our own
world has been set.
HAVEL0CK ELLIS.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01
German

The patriotic songs Of Karl Theodor Kor-
ner, though of not so high an artistic type
(they are not free from bombast) lived more
numerously in the popular mouth than those
of Arndt. In this they have been helped by
the melancholy fate of their author and also
by the superb musical settings which the best
of them received at the hands Of Carl Maria
Won Weber, the first of Germany's great ro-
mantle composers. KOrner was Saxon and
a son of one of Scher's most intimate
friends His first poems, written when he was
about seventeen years of age, were but pale
reflections of Schiller'S thoughts and style.
He was scarcely twenty-five when he lay dead
in field in Mecklenburg. He had Joined
Lutzow's regiment of volunteers, known as
"The Black Huntsmen" and his bravery had
won the rank of lieutenant. His best war
songs, published after his death under the
title Tyre and Sword" were written in the
field. Foremost among them are "The Prayer
Before Battle" and THE Sword Song" which
Weber's music has carried all over the world
The last stanza of "The Sword Song" was
written on the morning of the day of his
death. On August IS, 1913, he was engaged
in skirmsh when he was shot dead--some
said by a traitorous German, others by a
French soldier. The song is one that defes
translation, but two stanzas of paraphrase
made by Miss Elizabeth Cragmyle publish
some Of its strength and spirit:
Sword at my left side cleaning
Why are thy chances beaming?
Upon me, shyly-sweet?
With joy thine eyes greet
Hurrah
My heart for joy is eaping.
Within a brave knights keeping.
How should my glance be staid?
| am free mans blade.
Hurrah,
Korner was the incarnation of that political
ecstasy which had been nourished by the or
CARNATIONS of German students. In the youth
of Germany his songs produced a sort of di-
vine intoxication. Part of Weber's summer
vacation in 1914 was passed in Berlin, where
every day he drank of the Soma juice of
Tyre and Sword" On his return to Prague
he visited his old friend the Duke Emil Au-
gust, at his castle, Grafen- Tonna. From this
old feudal pile he sent his settings of "Lut-
lows wilde Jagd" (Which Franchetti has
ceverly introduced into his opera Ger
mania') and the "Schwertlied" to his love in
Prague The world has never ceased to mar
vel at the fire of those settings; who then,
shall describe their effect in Germany at the
time they were written?
The fires of patriotism which burned bright
" in the songs of Schenkendorf, Arndt and
K0rner died down when the people discovered
that their ideals were not shared by their
monarchs. Even the King of Prussia, who
Continued on reYenth
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01
Continued from first page.

There could, however, be no doubt that most
kinds of infrmites became more frequent as
a result of military selection.
Lapouge's more recent investigation INTO
the results Of the Franco-Prussian war ol
1870 were of similar character; when exam
ming the recruits Of 1928 he found that
these children of the war" were inferior 10
those born earlier and that there were prop
ably an undue proportion of defective lndlVio-
uals among their fathers. 1t cannot be SAID
that these Investigations finally demonstrate
the evil results of war on the race Inc SUD-
iect is complicated and some authorities ike
Collipnon in France and Ammon in Germany,
have sought to smooth down and explain away
the dvsgenic effects of war. But, on the whole
the facts seem to support those probabilities
which the insight of Franklin first clearly set
forth.
II is interesting in the light of these con-
siderations on the eugenic bearings OF war
fare to turn for moment to those VINO pro-
claim the high moral virtues Of war as ma
tional regenerator
GERMAN WAR PHILOSOPHY.
1t is chiefly in Germany that, for more than
a century past, this doctrine has been
preached. "War invigorates humanity SAID
Hegel. "as storms preserve the sea from pu-
trescence." "War is an integral part OF Coos
universe" said Moltke, developing mans
nobest attributes" THE condemnation OF
war" said Treitschke, sis not only absurd; 1t
is immoral" These brave sayings scarcely
bear calm and searching examination at the
best. but, putting aside all loftier appeals 10
humanity or civilization, national regenera-
tor" which we have good reason to suppose
enfeebles and deteriorates the race cannot
plausby be put before us as method OF en-
nobling humanity or as part OF Gods uni
verse. only to be condemned on pain OF seeing
a company of German professors pointing the
finger to our appalling immortality" on their
drill sergeant's word of command.
THE CIRCLE.
At the same time this glorifcation Of the
regenerating powers of war quite overlooks
the consideration that the fighting spirit tends
10 DESTROY itself, so that the best way to breed
good fighters is not to preach war, but to cul-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01
Arndts German Battle Cry of Freedom.

the spirit of fraternity, not by bloody con-
quest. 1t is impossible to preserve the whole
meaning of the poem in a translation, but
here is an attempt at two of its three stanzas
German faith and German women
&c man wine and German song =
These throughout the world shall flourish,
Blessing all they dwell among;
Noble deeds in US inspiring 49,
By their charm our whole lie long!
German faith and German women,
German wine and German song!
Unity and right and freedom
For the German fatherland -
For these be our constant STRIVING,
With a brothers heart and mana.
Unity and right and freedom
For our happiness must stand.
Bloom and flourish in this fortune,
Flourish German fatherland.
Somewhat different in spirit this from Lis
sauer's kissing words, which, it deserves to be
noted %ere published in journal for young
readers "Jugend," sort Of Youths Com
nanion." A few Ines from Barbara Hender-
sons translation simply for the sake Of COM
parison:
Come LET us stand at the Judgment Place,
An oath to swear TO, face TO face
An oath of bronze no wind can shake,
An oath for our sons and their sons to take
Come. hear the word, repeat the word,
throughout the fatherland make 1t heard:
We will never forego our hate,
We have all but a single hate;
We love as one, we hate as one,
We have one foe, and one alone
ENGLAND!
To find a parallel for this in its primitive
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01
BY II. F. KREHBIEL.
".

,ONINALIY. it is to be supposed the
~ national anthem of the German
Y "Cod Save the King" which was
Empire is still that paraphrase of
.,,r.ed by Prussia in 1898, became the i'm
rsrial HYMN in ISL and is the official utter
a,,o If Prussia and half dozen monarchies
- drkedoms. besides Norway and Swtzer-
- today. In not all cases have the orig
;~ol German words been preserved. When
uoi,ricb Harrios adapted the English tune
- u.,rds in praise Of the King of Denmark it
IS Christian VII who was the august sub
;..+ Of the royal audation. B. G. Schumach-
cr's German hymn, beginning Hell dir i'm
Cicrerkranz" mot "Siegeskranz," as 1t Is FIRE
,,ortlv printod), was written in honor of
frederick William II. an incOnsequenhal
.,o,orcb 10 whom the cpithet victory
crowned" must have been applied in Pick
u.;.l;an sense. His martial record was negli-
chile when the song was adopted by Prussia,
"a within two years afterward he was
soYrdlv drubbcd by Napoleon and compelled
70 Weld up all Of his territories beyond the
pbine. In the present crisis he deserves to
10 remembered as the Prussian king who
signed 2 treaty guaranteeing the integrity of
Poland in 1890, and a few years later joined
France and Russia in parcclling out the Pol
.b kingdom. Treaties seem to have been
mere scraps Of paper in Prussian eyes even
then The king celebrated in the Saxon YER
ia, which was written by Sicgfricd Mahl-
mann was Frederic Augustus The poet was
hard put to it to find laurel leaves for the
kircly crown, but would have had still
harder task had he waited with his panegyric
until Napoleon had made Frederic Augustus
an unwilling ally and forced him into the
Flemish Confederation. Yet it IS to be
doubted whether he was worse at heart
than any of his royal brethren, though his
vas the misfortune to be on the wrong side in
the war which delivered Germany from
French tyranny. lie paid for his want Of
LOYALTY with half Of his possessions, which
went TO Prussia The Bavarian version
avoids the royal name, and thus saves the
SINGERS the periodical embarrassments which
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01
oATRIOTlC SONGS OF THE WARNING NATIONS
A Century of German War
Songs--The Old Spirit
and the New

. which breathe the true spirit of folksong in
music as well as text will surely be sung as
long there live German school children to
sing them. "Freheit die ich meme" and
"Wenn ALE untreu werden so bleiben wir
doch treu" are coverings of his gentle relig-
ous spirit, but the same pety breathes in his
war songs-his "Kriegers Morgenlied" and
his "Schlachtgesang"
There was, indeed, a profound Christian
pety in the songs of that period no less in
the battle chants of Theodor K0rner who was
all soldier, than in the solemn admonitions of
Arndt, who was almost all churchman. Arndt
had been a theological student at Jena and
spent year of his postgraduate wanderingS
in Paris. He had been warned by the fate Of
Palm and had fled to Stockholm in 1906. For
three years he remained in the service of the
Swedish governments Then came the down.
fall Of Gustavus ", and he again became a
fugitive. Now he went to Pomerana and
disguised as a teacher of languages, he trav-
elled in Germany, venturing even into Berlin.
In 1912 he was called by Sten who had been
banished from his native land and was now
adviser TO the Gar, to st. Petersburg to make
propaganda among the Germans there. After
Napoleons retreat from Moscow he returned
to K0nigsberg and there published his book
let, What Do Landwehr and Landsturm
Mean" There, too, he drew up ground plan
for the organization of the German people.
Upon all his writings he stamped the impress
of religion. The war was a crusade, a holy
war. The phrase is a much-used one, as the
world knows, but Arndt did not employ it idly.
"When the Landsturm rings the tOcsin and
marches out against the enemy the great
work must begin with an act of divine wor
ship. with prayer" etc. Pous ideals were
proclaimed in the songs which he poured out
as echoes of the heart beats of the people. He
wrote "Das deutsche Vaterland,' a song
which in Reichardt's splendid setting is still
beloved of German male choruses. What is
the Germans fatherland? Not Prussia, not
Suaba; not the Rhineland wreathed in
grapes. nor the lowlands of the Baltic, where
guls fly shriekng across the Belt; not Ba-
varia. Syria, Austria, rich in story; Pome-
rama. Switzerland, Westphalia the Tyrol
Not in any one of these, but
Where'er is heard the German tongue,
And in it hymns to God are sung
All Germany our fatherland!
God give it thy protecting hand
And grant us courage, high and pure,
That it may in our love endured
His German Battlecry of Freedom
("Deutscher Freheit Schlachtruf') begin
ming THE God who permitted iron to grow
wanted no slaves" may have inspired Bis
marck's speech of "blood and iron" though
its sentiments are profoundly moral through
out. while Bismarck's words suggest things
quite the reverse.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01

tivate peace which is what the Germans have,
in actual practice done for over forty years
past France, the most military, and the most
gloriousy military, nation of the Napoeonlc
era, is now the leader in anti-militarism, alto
eethcr Indifferent to the lure of military glory,
though behind no ration in courage or skill.
Belgium has not fought for generations, and
had only just introduced compulsory military
service, yet the Belgans, from their King and
their cardinal-archbishop downward, threw
themselves into the war with a high spirit
scarcely paralleled in the worlds history, and
Belgian commercial travellers developed rare
military skill and audacity. All the world ad-
mres the bravery with which the Germans
face death and the elaborate detail with which
they organize battle, yet for all their perpet-
ua glorifcation of war, there is no sign that
they fight with any more spirit than their enc
mics. Even if we were to feel ourselves bound
to accept war as IAN integral part of Gods
universe" we need not trouble ourselves to
gority war, for when once war presents itself
as a terrible necessity, even the most peaceable
of men are equal to the task.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01
What German Poets Have
Produced --Paraphrases
of tine English Anthem

Plan for the Germans to leave the text of
Hell dir i'm Siegerkranz" as it stands and
urge their twentieth century Haydns and Bee
thovens to create new melody. The new
song is decidedly banal, much more so than
that which Gilbert called an "illiterate ma
tional anthem" 1t is indeed, not much cheap
ened in the following translation of two of its
stanzas:
Hail, Kaiser Wilhelm, hail!
All Germany doth kneel
Around thy throne.
From Belt to Switzerland
From Rhine to Memel's strand,
Loud rings the joyous song:
Hail, Kaiser, hail!
Hail, Kaiser Wilhelm, hail!
Gods blessings without fail
Be on thy house,
Gods hand is over thee
In love we bow the knee,
All sing we, loud and free:
Hail. Kaiser, hail!
The German soldier to-day, if he cheers
himself at all with song in the trenches of
Flanders or on the bood-soaked fields of Ga
licia, probably sings oftenest a song which was
written seventy-fve years ago to tune COM
posed III. 1t does not appear that out of the
wicked carnage there has yet been born new
song pGOCldlHlnR a naJlOnal spirit IN simple
phrase and infectious melody AS matter Of
fact, grievous but indubitabe, the most tell
ing German utterance which the war has
brought forth is Lissauer's Hate" Admira-
BILE as this is for music, however, it lacks the
folksong characteristics essential to popular
use and the ethical tone necessary to perma-
nency. It's companions in his story are the
"Carmagnole" and "Ca ira" of the French
Revolution. For want of a new song,
Deutschland, Deutschland Uber Allies" has
been called on to do new duty and been
burdened with significance which it did not
and could not have had when it burst forth
from the heart of Hoffman, Won Fallerseben
in 1S41. Not WetherrSchaft, not the univer-
sal domination of the German sword was that
patriotic poets dream, but German fidelity
and honor (these the virtues expressed in the
German word Treue), German womanhood,
wine and music as inspirations to noble deeds
were the burden of the song; justice and free
dom for a united Germany to be striven for in
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01

follow a change Of sovereignty. Patriotic
Britons it will be remembered, were thrown
into considerable confusion when the Access
sion Of Edward VII made new line neces-
sary in place Of Long may Victoria reign"
not many years ago.
Hell dir i'm Siegerkranz' is a finer piece
Ct poetry than the English anthem, but
phrase of the original hymn has survived in
the 8avaran version which contains the lines,
"Vernicht' was innre List Schlau gegen den
teschlesst, Der uns're Hofnung list, Erhalt
gns Inn" This is only German way of
saying "confound their politics, Frustrate
their knavish tricks, On thee our hopes we
TX, God save us all" which, by the way, is
BIT Of archaism which might easily tempt
literary critic to question whether all the
hymn was written by Carey. The Swiss, hav-
ing no king or kaiser to celebrate or pray for
when they made their parody, called down
blessings on their country C'Ruf'st du, mein
'aterland") as did The German students
When they sang "Heil DIR. Germania."
REVOLUTION IN NATIONAL SENTIMENT.
Imperial Germany is trying hard at this
lancture to rid herself of the English tune,
Which, we fancy, has been silent in Berlin
Since last August; but it is significant as well
's amusing that the song which is said by its
publishers to have been the most successful
still at least one-thrd British, for its verse
'orm, which is its most individual feature, is
mat Of Carey's composition. If the tune only
70 be discarded it would seem to be the best
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01
MORAL EQUIVALENTS

This consideration brings US TO those moral
equivalents of war; which William James was
once concerned over, when he advocated in
place of military CONSUMPTION, "a CONSUMPTION
of the whole youthful population to form for
certain number of years a part of the army en-
listed against Nature" Such a method of
formally organizing in the cause Of ciyiliza-
ton, instead of in the cause of savagery, the
old military traditions of hardihood and disci
pine may we'll have its value. But the pres
ent war has shown us that in no case need we
fear that these high qualities will perish in
any vitality progressive civilization. For they
are qualities that lie in the heart of humanity
itself They are not created by the drill-ser
geant he merely utilizes them for his own,
as we may perhaps think, disastrous ends.
This present war has shown US that, on every
hand. even in the unkeliest places, all the
virtues Of war have been fostered by the cul-
tivation of the arts and sciences of peace,
ready to be transformed to warlike ends by
men who ntyer dreamed of war. In France
we ind many of the most promising young
scientists, toets and novelists cheerfully GO
ing forth u meet their death. On the other
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-08-01

Continued on seventh page.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-03-26

Joe birmingham says he wants ever.
in"Wb"r q his team 10 he q hard loser.
Well most Of them had plenty o.. ey
p"r!ence along THAT line last year.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-03-26
CAROLINA AGGIES WIN
West Virginia Wesleyan Makes Eleven
ErrorS in Came at Raleigh.

RALEIGH. n. c.. March o5.--In n
SLOW ana ragged game a. and NJ. de-
Ieated West Virginia Wesleyan 13 to g.
The visitors seemed unable to handle
balls from the bats Of the local boys
safely. having Il total OF eleven errors
CHARGED against them. The a. and NJ
team hcldcd well all through tho game
although they made three errors Hit
ting at opportune times. coupled with
errors. We're responsible for the locals
runs. Evans. the a. and NJ twirler,
pitched good game, but was wild at
times, walking six men In seven in
nngs. He also got three hits out OF
three times up. Wheeler, the a. and
VI. shortstop, did some sensational
fielding.
The score by innings: r. ". r.
\: and Ms O 0 0 3 x-13 3
w; Va. 80. o . 0 0 O. 8 II
Batteries; Evans; Lewis and Win
ston: Morrison. Allen and Singleton.
Two base hlt-Evans. Three-basc hit
b Gs Base on balls-OT Evans. G:
on Morrison. 3: off Allen. /. IIits-On
Evans. in I innings; off Lewis. none
IN innings: off Morrison, in G in
nings: off Allen, in . innings. I'm
pirc Kaufman. Time, 200.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-03-26
WELSH WILL REFEREE
Fighters Agree ON Third Mnn-PhysI-
cinns Pronouncc,JIiE smoke Fit.

HAVANA, March 25.--Jack Welsh. OF
San Francisco, was this evening select
ed to referee the Johnson willard fight
here on April 3.
Hours OF wranGlinE between John
son and Tom Jones preceded the choice
of 4 man from the sixteen names pre-
sentcd for consideration. Both urged
Robert E.dgrcn, sporting editor OF the
New York Evening World. To accept.
but he refused on the ground that IL
would injure his amateur status.
Johnson favored Welsh and Harry
Sharpe. of the st. Louis Post Dispatch.
Jones finally agreed on Welsh. Cur
ley wanted an alternate referee named.
Johnson proposed Mike Donovan OF
New York, for the post. but Jones did
not agree 1t was finally decided not
TO select the alternate nj present.
After 4 tcn-round workout this af-
ternoon. physicians examined John
sons heart and pronounced the action
perfect. Johnson is shedding two
pounds daily and is confident OF reduc-
ing to go ringside weight. Johnson
worked with Colin Bell. Bob Arm
strong and Steamboat Bill Scott.
Willard worked eight rounds with
Walter Monaghan and Jack iicmphil.
taking a cut lip from MOnaghan's blow.
Both fighters are confident of victory.