davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12
Naval Aviation Work

Upon the arrival of the U. s. S.
North Carolina at the aeronautic sta
tion at Pensacola the aeroplane
launching device, which has been sue
Cessfully operated. will be installed
thereon, and extensive experiments Of
launching aeroplanes from sfhpboard
will be conducted. This work will
he in the nature of preliminary
step toward ordering aeroplanes to
the vessels of the L. s. Atlantic
fleet. The value of cooperation be-
tween aeroplanes and the fleet has
been proven beyond the question or
a doubt by the lessons from the pres
ent war in Europe. Skilled and quail
ifed naval air pilots are being held
in readiness to be ordered to the
fleet when aeroplanes are availa BILE
for the work. Several new machines
of the hydroaeroplane type are ex-
pected to be delivered at the sta tion
within the next few weeks. In addi-
tion to the Burgess-Dunne and the
Curtiss types. two Thomas tractors
have been ordered, which upon deliv-
cry will constitute the first lot of this
make of aeroplane to be tried by the
navy. Heretofore the navy has con-
fined it's work in aeronautics entirely
10 pusher machines. 1t is hoped that
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12
Colors of Destroyers

There may be a radical change in the
color-both peace" and "war'-of the
destroyers Of the navy. as a result Of
the test which has been going on dur
ing the maneuvers of the Atlantic Fleet
in accordance with a recommendation
of Capt. w. S. Sims. commanding the
torpedo flotila. That officer some
weeks ago urged the Navy Depart
ment to paint all the destroyers black
as being a good color to promote con-
cealment. while, at the same time. 1t
was economical to apply and easy to
keep in good appearance. There was
some question raised as to the possi-
bility of increasing the temperature on
board the vessel SO painted, especially
in tropical waters. but Capt Sims was
able to cite the experience with the
Ammen and the Birmingham. which
had served long In the tropics and both
of which ships were painted black
without materially. If at all, affecting
the temperature on board.
Finally. after much correspondence.
involving the Navy Department. and
the commander in -chief of the fleet. it
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12
Gun Prices Increase

The prices of guns have increased from
10 to Is per cent. The 30.3O-caliber piece,
which is a favorite among big game
hunters, is difficult to obtain even at the
advanced price. as it is the caliber of
most of the rifles used by the infantry
of the warning nations in Europe. Am
munition also has gone up 10 per cent in
price. and is obtainable only in small
quantities. Automatic pistols are scarce
and the prices on them have advanced
considerably. Other pistols and revol
vers may be obtained at a slight increase
in price. but these are being drawn al
most entirely from the supply that was
on hand when the war broke out. Field
glasses have not only advanced in price.
but are almost unobtainable. Prism BIZ
noculars which formerly sold for SIS
pair are now bringing $50. The ordinary
field glasses. the material for which
comes mostly from France. are not to be
hai. The manufacturers Of binoculars
and field glasses in this country are said
to be selling their entire output to the
European governments.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12
Drink and Condition

In an extended legal comment on sew
eral phases of the case Of Capt J. RI. A.
Day. of the Marine Corps, recently dis
missed by sentence Of court-martial. the
Secretary of the Navy says:
THE department has decided that II
an ofiicer is at any time unfit for duty
due wholly or in part to overindulgence
in intoxicants. Il Is entirely immaterial
that he may not at such time have been
required to perform any particular duty,
or that he placed himself in such condi-
tion of unfitness after the customary
hours for the performance of usual du-
ties by him. 1t is automatic that an OFF,
Ger In a military service is subject TO
duty at all times, unless he is wholly in
capacitatcd for the performance OF any
duty. 1t might indeed be only under
very exceptional circumstances that an
officer on the sick list would be called
upon to perform an act of duty. but such
circumstances are not inconceivapie.
Certainly no ofiicer, because of the fact
that he is on the sick list. and therefore
not required to perform his ordinary
duty. is justified in rendering himself al
together unfit for duty by overindulgence
in intoxicating liGnor.'
Nor does the department consider that
the fact that the incapacity Of an ac-
cused for the proper performance or
duty, which the court finds was due to
his being under the influence of intoxi-
eating LIQUOR is mitigated by the fact
that his incapacity may have been due
in part to his physical condition The
fact being definitely established that an
officer was under the influence Of in
toxicating liquor and thereby incapaci-
tated for the proper performance Of
duty II must be at best merely a mat
ter of speculation as to what extent. II
any. his incapacity may have been
caused by the fact that he was sick
though not on the sick list.
Accordingly. the fact that the condi-
ton of the accused in this case, as es-
tablished by the courts findings under
charge I, may have been in part due to
his physical condition. was not regarded
by the department as a sufficient basis
for the exercise of clemency."
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12
Tobyhanna Notes

Tobyhanna. Pa. Sept. 1.-THE inhabi-
tants of Tobyhanna win hear no more
this season the sing of the shrapn and
the whistle of the shells as they are
hurled through the clear air and over the
mountain ridges by the 3-inch guns of the
Third Field Artillery, for camp closes
Thursday.
Maj. and Mrs. Sanford H. Wadhams
left last Thursday by automobile for
Washington, D. C.
Mrs. Donnelly. wife of Capt. Edward
T. Donnelly, has closed their house for
the winter and will motor to Fort Myer.
accompanied by her son and daughter.
Miss Flora and Harry Beswick
Mrs. A. l. Smith. of the Y. N. c. A..
and family left Wednesday by automo-
bile for Washington, D. c.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12
Fort Monroe Notes

Fort Monroe. Va. Sept. 11.-Mrs. H.
W. Stovall entertained at bridge
Thursday morning for Mesdames
Pierce. Nichols, Dodson, Ide, Holmes,
Chapman, Cox. McCune, Gibson and
Powell. Prizes were won by Mrs.
Pierce Mrs. Gibson and Mrs. Holmes.
Lieut.. and Mrs C. A Chapman have
gone to Gloucei tier for the weekend.
A progressive dinner was given
Wednesday night by Maj and Mrs.
G. F. Moore, Lieut.. and Mrs. c. e.
Ide and Lieut.. E. s. Harrison.
Mrs. Leonard. who has been the
guest of her daughter. Mrs. Adelno
Gibson, for several weeks, returned
to her home Monday.
Lieuts. Doig and Jemison went to
New York Friday night to attend the
wedding of Miss Laura Washburn and
Lieut.. Gilbert Marshall, which took
place at Saugerties-on-t the Hudson.
the brides home.
Mai. and Mrs Vestal and family
have arrived Mai. Vestal relieves
Maj. Pettus as quartermaster.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12
Will Revise Manuals

Elsewhere in this issue will be
found an announcement of two i'm
portant boards having to do with mat
ters of vital interest to the officers
of the cavalry arm. One of the
boards, composed entirely of officers
of the cavalry, will meet at the Army
War College on November 1 to revise
and bring up to date the cavalry drill
regulations. in which connection it is
significant to observe from statistics
compiled in the War Department that
vast concensus of opinion of the
cavalry service is that the present
legal organization should be retained
and that single file should be the
normal formation. The other board
will meet at Rock Island Arsenal.
also on November l, and will report
on the relative merits of certain mill
tary saddles for the cavalry service.
as well as to consider reports from
organization commanders with refer
ence to the cavalry equipment. model
1912, and suggest changes therein.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12

Following the action Of the secre-
tary OF War in approving the recon-
mendations of the general staff in car
rying out the legislation authorizing
the restoration to the active list of
certain retired officers of the army the
adjutant generals office is at work on
a circular of information which will
be sent to all the officers who are ELI
gible to such a transfer.
For two years restorations may be
made in the case of any retired officer
who may have been transferred here
tofore for physical disability from the
active to the retired list of the army
by the action of any retiring board"
II has been decided that examina-
tions must be held to determine phys
ical and professional fitness of the ap-
plicants. and the scope of these profess
sionaI examinations will be prescribed
by the chiefs of the staff corps in the
case of officers destined to be restored
to such branches and by the general
staff in the case of line officers.
Some special examination will have
10 be arranged, of course. for officers
who r1ay he returned to grades above
that of major. there being now re-
quired no examination for promotion
in such instances.
part of the physical examination
will be the test ride" and it is ex-
pected that this exaction may operate
TO discourage some officers of senior
rank from presenting themselves.
There is. as well. a scale of eligi-
bility'' which has to do with the age
of an officer in relation to the grade
to which he is restored.
In the case of brigadier generals and
colonels the maximum age at dates OF
transfer to the active list is placed at
So years; for lieutenant colonels the
maximum age is so years: in the case
of ma jors the age is placed at 55
years. and in the case of captains and
first and second leutenants the maxi
mum age is 50 years. that prescribed
in the legislation for those officers
only.
1t is appreciated, therefore, with the
restrictions. which have been neces-
sarily placed upon the application of
the legislation, there will be compara-
lively few officers who are found eligi-
BILE to take the prescribed examina
tion with a view to Presidential nomi-
nation and Senatorial confirmation re-
quired in each case of transfer to the
active list.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12
Ability to Make Shells

The war has revealed this country as
the worlds greatest potential headquar-
ters of materials of warfare. We can
manufacture not only more ammunition
than any European country, but more
than all European countries combined.
England. at the present moment, Is turn
ing out 10000 explosive shells a day and
France 100000. Experts say that the
United States can turn out 1000 a day
without utilizing more than a small part
of its resources. Our largest concerns,
such as the United States Steel Corpora
ton. have not entered the business on
any appreciable scale. II this corpora
ton should turn its factories into ammu-
milton centers, there would be practically
no limit to its products. 1t has the ma
terials in enormous quantity, II has
shops and mills almost without end, and
it has the necessary number Of work.
men.-World's Work.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12

was decided to have some of the de-
stroyers painted black. others gray.
and still others dark green, and by
this means IL was considered possible
to make observations and comparisons
during the day and night operations
of the fleet. 1t is remarked that. while
one color offers sufficient concealment
by day. it may prove most conspicu-
Gus at night time.
There is also some favor being man
ifested toward a "splotched" hull and
also toward a color which shall be
applied in alternating shades repre-
senting a wave. 1t is quite evident
that the question of the war color OF
ships is still unsolved: at all events, II
is being discussed this time in a more
scientific way than ever before. even
to the extent of ascertaining the
values" OF certain colors at different
degrees of light and from various
angles of observation.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12

of the islands under Gov. Harrison, who.
Mr.. Taft says. knows nothing about
the Philippines. their people, or their
problem. and whose first act in Office was
to place himself under the virtual con-
troll of Manuel Quezon, a delegate to
Congress from the islands and "a Filipino
politician of not the highest standing
in the Philippines In general, the
Philippine situation is such. Mr.. Taft
said. that a continuation of ethe policy
now being pursued in the islands might
eventually demand the Intervention Of
the American government in much the
same manner as the present Mexican sit
uation. The passage of the Jones bill,
whose chief purpose. Mr.. Taft said, was
to make a declaration that the United
States intended to give up the islands
to an independent Philippine govern
ment when a stable government is es-
tablished, would make the work of de
terioration" complete.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12

has been the guest Of her cousins.
Col. and Mrs. Wilcox. for several
days.
Mrs Joseph Kuhn. of Washington.
il the guest of Col. and Mrs Stuart.
Mrs Cobb, of Washington, aunt OF
Mrs Wilcox, spent Sunday as the
guest of Col and Mrs WILCOX
Mai. and Mrs. l. L. Hunt, of WASH
ington. are visiting Maj Hunts
brother. Capt. Ora Hunt.
Lieut.. Beukema. third field artil-
Iery, Of Fort Myer. was here this
week. His engagement to Miss Mar
garet Shaw, daughter Of Col. and Mrs.
Shaw. Of West Point, has just been
announced.
Lieut.. William E. Dunn. third field
artillery, Fort Myer. was a recent
visitor.
DR.. and Mrs. Slaughter. of Lynch
burg, Va, were the weekend guests
Of Lieut. and Mrs. Slaughter.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12
Present Method Of Regulating
Railroads All Wrong, Says Critic

regulators are not yet aware of the
nations mind on the subject. They evil
IDENTIFY are not aware that they are ex-
pected, in the administering Of 'regula-
tion," to balance the scales Of justice
everly as would a Judge.
The scales will be evenly balanced.
however. just as soon as public opin-
ion. now strongly in favor Of square
deal for the roads. makes itself felt"
So long as the regulators are hiled
with the idea that decisions against
the roads are popular. and that de-
cisions rendered for the roads are
unpopular, these men. who are hu-
man and who consider themselves the
sponsors for the people. will hnd DIFF
ficulty in rendering even-handed JUS
tice in favor of the roads as readily
as against them.
Even. admitting that the laws are
administered by commissions whose
integrity Is undisputed and whose bias
when it exists is only In subconscious
relation to their own environment, II
10 an esta ablished fact that the roads
have had much the worst Of 1t at
the hands Of the commissions. which
generally assume In practice, though
probably not in theory, that the roads
are in the wrong. 'rF
i Probably the explanation OF the
difficulty il that neither the Interstate
Commerce Commission nor the various
State commissions appreciate the sit
uation for the simple reason that they
are not railway men, Railroading,
one Of the greatest OF sciences. 10
placed under the direction and regula-
ton of men who have spent an hour
in the employ Of the business they
assume to govern. Many Of these
men could never obtain employment
with a railway company on their
merits. II they should lose their places
on the commissions.
The Interstate Commerce Commis-
sion itself. the greatest railway COM
mission IN the country. has only one
member who was once railway man
IA brakeman!
It would seem that the time 10 ripe
for the administration, to make some
decisive move In regard to the rail-
way situation. "A Square Deal Tor
Big Business" will be the paramount
issue Of the next Presidential campaign.
and the political party that will stand
ont boldly for justice to both capital
ana labor will rule after March 4. 1871
II there must be railway regula-
ton, then let II be intelligent rsgu-
lation. under one government BODY IN
washington. State commissions should
be Abolished And the one regulating
body for the nations railways should
be composed Of men OF actuel rsarwey
FRANCIS DE SALES RYAN.
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12
THIRTY SAXONS
ATTACK FRENCH
Only Seven Live After De-
feat, Though They Are
Given Iron Cross.
STAFF TELLS OF BRAVERY
Twenty-three Cavalymen Rout Cars S
Forces Holding Village of Roessel.
in East Prussia.
STAFF TELLS OF BRAVERY

Special OAble to The Washington Herald
Berlin, Sept. 1.-The following
further detailed accounts of special
acts of bravery Of German officers and
soldiers have been published by the
general staff:
In one Of the recent battles at the
Western front about thirty men Of
the Sixth company Of the 104th Saxon
Infantry Regiment with flying color
attacked . French trench. The small
detachment was greeted by a murder
Gus fre. but 1t stormed the position
of the enemy and repulsed several
hour twelve were killed and when the
enemy received re-enforcements there
was nothing left but q quick retreat
through q hail Of bullets.
Few survive Attack.
Closing around the flag-bearer. Ser
seant FRANKIE. Of Mitweida, the band
started to fall back. A few minutes
later FRANKIE was struck by two bull
lets and dropped dead. When he fell
his neighbor. Corporal Engel. Of Has
slau. picked up the flag. but he WAS
also killed shortly afterward- A vol
unteer. Private KuehE. OF Leipzig.
finally succeeded in carrying the flag
back to the line Of the regiment OF
the thirty men who had attacked the
trench only seven returned. but Nthe
flag was saved The survivors have
ali been decorated with the iron cross.
The third company of the same reg
iment was sntaged in the Woevre dis
triet when II received . flank nre
from the direction Of . farmhouse.
8srHeaut Schlierf. OF Eibenstock. and
CorDorals Pauseh. OF Muehlau, and
GhsAor. Of 0Puenau. volunteered to re-
connotter the position Of the invisible
enemy. They ran acfoao - epen aeld
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12
Claim GERMANS
HATE ALSATIANS
Every Prison Full Of Resi-
dents Who Have Dared
Speak French.
KILLING SOLDIERS OFF
C,tboEc Conr,ittee Said IN Aave
KILLING SOLDIERS OFF
Catholic Committee Said to Have
Found Priest Was Slain After Tor
ture by Germans in Belgium.
nal Oabl. 70 Tn. washinr,nr, He-sId

Special Cable TO The Washington Herald.
Paris. Sept. 1L-If Germany ever had
any illusions regarding the loyalty Of
the people of Alsace to her they nave
pow completely disappeared. and there is
no better proof of this than the way in
of the "Reichsland.'
Their fury against them is boundless.
and every prison is full OF men and
women of all classes who have incurred
German wrath. OF course, IL is strictly
forbidden to speak French. and spies are
making a very comfortable living by de-
nouncing people whom they have heard
expressing themselves in their mother
tongue or who have French newspapers
in their possession. Soldiers of Alsatian
birth are sent to the most dangerous
part of the eastern front.
Alsatians Love France.
The fidelity of the Alsatians to France
Is touching. Everybody speaks the Al
satan dialect, which most spies do not
understand.
Thirty Alsatian physicians and sur
geons from Strassburg have been sent
to the eastern part of Germany and re-
placed by Prussian surgeons. who have
taken a solemn oath not to repeat any
thing they hear from the lips of wounded
soldiers.
The Strassburg general stan has been
transferred to Robertsau. with headquar-
ters at Chateau Pourtales, and the gen.
eral staff of Mulhouse. which II is
thought win shortly fall into French
hands. has moved to convent some dis
tance in the rear of the town.
At Strassburg thousands of men are
once more working night and day con.
structing new forts. Each fort now has
its own independent water supply and
electric lighting plant, the dynamos OF
which are far below the surface Of the
grUund. where they are safe In case of a
bombs rdment.
Along the roads leading out Of strass-
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12

burg now sign-posts have been put up,
all indicating the way and distance to
keh!. the first town in Baden. The in
habitants consider this to be the first
sign of an intended German retreat.
Some time ago a committee of Aus
trian priests, with the approval of Arch
bishop Pif. of Vienna, set out to inves-
tigatc the alleged cruelties of German
troops in Belgium at the beginning of
the war. 1t was hoped that the report
of these priests. who had been admon-
ished direct from the Pope to consider
the evidence from an absolutely impair
tial standpoint, would clear the Germans
in the eyes Of the world.
Say Germans Slew Priest.
The report has now been handed to
the Pope, as well as to the Archbishop
of Vienna, but the publication Of it has
been forbidden in Austria and Germany
In clerical circles in Rome. however, its
contents are well known, and the reason
why it is being kept secret in Germany
and Austria is perfectly plain.
THE German war department" the re-
port says. has already admitted that
many of the accusations made against
Concerning the case Of the parish
priest of Oyenbrugge. the committee re-
ports.
when the unfortunate priest returped
to his parish on August %. 1914, he was
arrested without any reason whatever
and thrown into prison, together with
twenty-eisht civilians. Here he was COM
PEELED to stand in the middle of the floor
with the hands raised about his head for
several hours. When he finally collapsed
from exhaustion he was prodded with
bayonets and struck with the butts Of
rifles. Soldiers tore his breviary to
pieces and threw them into his face.
They forced two civilians to strike him
and spit into his face. Finally they
threw a bucket OF water over him while
he was lying helpless on the floor, and
whenever he moved they prodded him
with bayonets
when the priest tried to push aside
the point of a bayonet which almost
touched his face q soldier sent a bullet
through his head"
This is a verbatim translation of a re-
port made by Trustworthy priests. eacn
of whom is personally known to the
Archbishop of Vienna
The Washington herald., 1915-09-12

You asked me to call the attention
of the country to the imperative need
that railway credits be sustained and
way, whether by private cooperative
effort or by the action wherever feasible
Of governmental agencies. and I am glad
to do so. because / think the need very
real"
Thus wrote President Woodrow Will
son just one year ago. His letter was
addressed to the chairman of q COM
mittee Of railway presidents, represent
Ing all Of the roads Of the United States.
They (the railways) are indispensable
to our whole economic life" continued
MIR. Wilson. "and railway securities are
at the very heart of most investments,
large and small, public and private. by
individuals, and by institutions.
"I am confident there will be earnest
and active cooperation In this matter,
perhaps the one common interest Of our
whole industrial life. Undoubtedly, men,
both in and out of oficial position. will
their aid heartily wherever It il possible
for them to lend it."
The President knew that the pros
perity Of the nation necessarily includes
prosperity Of the railways. and that
when the railways are not prosperous
the nation and the people are not pros-
porous. As a Statesman he recognized
these as indisputable and unassailable
propositions. He knew that that the
railways are not only the great trans
portation agencies Of the country, but
that they are in q large sense but a
clearinghouse for labor and supplies,
or, in other words. that they collect to
pay out again.
Realizing. therefore. that the pros
perity Of the nation was In the crucible,
Mr.. Wilson concluded his letter with
the following emphatic sentence:
But the emergency II In fact extraor.
dinary, and when there Ii manifest COM
mon interest We ought all Of us to speak
out in its behalf. and I am glad to Join
YOU In calling attention to it This 10
time for all to stand together In united
EFFORT to comprehend every interest and
serve and sustain 1t In every legitimate
way"
Hopes Are DisaDpeinttns.
Thi. straiRhtforward statement. coming
nom the nations Chief Executive. aided
greatly In directing the attention Of all
thinking citizens to the true seriousness
Or the situation. It was hoped that the
necessary action would be taken By those
m authority to give his views the desired
e6ect. These hopes. however. were doom.
a TO disappointment Although. public
sentipnept has arisen everywhere agaiKst
destructiye policies and hostile Ngula-'
dor o. the roads, u 3 essas TIT ths