The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1915-04-20

Following is the essay of Arthur
Lewis that won the gold medal offer
ed by the Daughters of the Confed-
eracy to the pupil of the Terrell coun-
ty public schools who wrote the best
essay on 1.-The Causes That Led to
the War Between the States.
From the earliest period of our
colonial history the North and the
South have held aloof from each 9TH
er. Some difference has always exist
ed between them. This state Of affairs
was probably caused by the widely
differing political, social and relig-
ious views held by the two sections
The New England states were set
tied by the Puritans. people of strict
religious views. In England they had
aided Cromwell in the foundation OF
the commonwealth. They came to
America as a result of the accession
of Charles the Second to the throne
of England and because of religious
persecution.
The first settlers of the South were
Cavaliers, who came on account of
patriotism and love for England.
They wished to broaden English do
minions. Later this number was in
creased by Royalsts, who came to
America because the defeat of
Charles the First had put price on
their heads Thus it is seen that in
the beginning the North and the
South held different beliefs, and that
their first differences may be traced
back to the conflict in England be-
tween the Royalists and the Round
Heads.
After the work of colonization still
another difference arose. On account
of the rigorous climate of New Eng
land it could not be developed into an
agricultural country. But the water
power furnished by it's innumerable
rivers enabled it to develop into o
great manufacturing section.
But the Southern plantations were
more generous, yielding luxuriant
crops, and on account of the mildness
of the climate African slaves could
be worked advantageously, whereas
the Northern colonies, which first i'm
ported slaves, could not use them
with. much success on account of
their inability to endure the cold.
These industrial differences were the
cause of all our tariff legislation.
When discussing the attempt of
our forefathers to draw up a consti-
tuition agreeable to all Madison said:
ut seems to be pretty well under
stood that the real differences of in
terest lay not between the large and
small states, but between the North
and South.
For long time the chief conten-
ton between the North and South
was tariff legislation. South Caro-
lima at one time threatened to with
draw from the union because of an
upward revision of the -ariff.
But finally another question arose
to confront the Puritans who had
spread all over the North ana the
Cavaliers, who had moved on toward
Texas. 1t was the question Of slav-
cry. Abolitionists fought against it
with literature of such incendiary
nature as Uncle Toms Cabin. These
articles caused many of the North
erners to migrate into the border ter
ritories so that they might vote
against the spread of slavery when
these territories applied for admis-
sion into the union. They caused the
riots in Kansas, John Browns raid,
and much of the blame for the under
ground railways rests upon their
shoulders. They ignored the bred
Scott decision. They attacked slav-
cry in public and private, from ros-
trum, pulpit and editorial columns,
in essay, poem and song. They did
not stop to think about the possible
ity of the holding of slaves being le-