The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1915-07-01

tin a new soldering iron and other gen.
erai information in connection with the
work of solderins7
File the iron perfectly smooth and
heat 1t just enough to melt solder cas-
lily. Then dip 1t into a strong solution
Of salammoniac for an instant. Final
ly III 1t into a stick Of solder and then
distribute the solder adhering to the
iron by rubbing with "A piece Of cotton
waste. When this Is lone the iron Is
ready for service and will not require
retinning unless 1t Is burned.
Can you give mo an idea Of tho chem
ical equation which takes place whom
exploding a proper mixture of gasoline
and air? In what way do tho end
products differ from those of a mixture
of kerosene with air and water2
If the gasoline In an explosion In an
internal combustion engine Is burned
completely the resulting gases would
be water and carbon dioXide. How
ever, this condition rarely exists, as
there are always some unburned gases
in the exhaust Of an engine. The end
products from a gasoline engine do not
differ from those OF n kerosene en-
CINE when complete combustion takes
place.
Ny car begins to lag when about half
way up a hill. Does the slanting posi-
ton of the car interfere with a proper
supply Of gasoline to the carburetor?
1t Is not likely that your trouble is
due to the position OF the tank, but 1T
is probably caused by dirt in the feed
pipe, The dirt does not prevent the
flow entirely, but reduces 1t SO hat
not enough gasoline is supplied to the
float chamber to satisfy the extra de-
mand put upon the car when 1t IL
climbing a hill. Disconnect the feed
pipe ut the carburetor and note wheth-
er the flow Is free; II not, remove the
pipe and clean 1t with a wire. If h
trouble still persists adjust the car
buretor to give a richer mixture. The
gasoline flow, due to the low position
Of the tank, should not be affected ex-
cept on n steep hill. If you feel, how
ever, that the flow Is not sufficient you
might install "A tank holding about a
pint directly in front and slightly
above the carburetor. This tank IL
merely connected in the line, has no
valves and Is only a reservoir, but with
sufficient capacity to carry the car
over the longest hills, even though the
supply Of fuel were cut off.
Can you give mo some information
az to automobile valve timing?
The timing Of n motor depends on
whether the greatest torque or twist
ing effort Is wanted at iow or high
speeds and whether 1t Is desirable to
have n silent motor. For instance, If
n motor with a particularly good torque
at low speed is wanted, then the ex-
haust opening should be delayed more
than usual so that the expansive force
Of the gas will be eYerted to the ut
most. On the other hand, If the motor
is to develop a maximum torque at a
high speed 1t is better to open the ex-
haust valve earlier so as to give the
gas plenty Of time to flow out. The
reduction I'm back pressure due to this
more than ~compensates for the small
amount OF expansive energy that Is
thus thrown away.
Exhaust closure should occur at dead
center or slightly after. On a slow
speed motor 1t would be all right to
close the exhaust valve right on dead
center, but II this were done on a
motor that had a maximum speed Of
say 1000 revolutions or more the
scavenging Of the cylinder would not
be as complete as II the closing were
delayed a few degrees. The reason for
this Is simple. When the gas Is flow
ing out through the exhaust valve at
the high speed that Is obtained when
the motor Is running at this rate 1t has
n perceptible amoun Of momentum, al
though its actual mass is very small.
Therefore the tendency Is for the
column Of gas to keep on flowing when
the piston reaches upper dead center.
This action naturally helps to suck out
n little gas after the piston has ceased
to force It out.
The opening Of the inlet valve should
take place shortly after the exhaust
valve closes, It's exact point Of opening
depending on whether the designer
considers It best to begin to fill the
y nv ~ " iuS III IL iotLlCf
case the valve is made to open at
about top dead center, and I'm the latter
case the opening is delayed possibly as
much as twenty degrees. If the OPEN
ing is delayed a partial vacuum is
formed I'm the cylinder, due to the fact
that the piston o out and expands
the gas below atmosphere. Then when
the inlet valve Is finally opened the
charge PUSHES in to fill this vacuum
This action is believed to give better
carburetion by a great many design.
ers. The closing Of the intake valve.
just as In the case of the exhaust, de-
Ponds on the speed Of the motor. II
the momentum Of the column Of In.
rushing gas is to be considered hen
the opening Is delayed SO that the gas,
instead Of instantly stopping its flow
when the piston reaches bottom center.
keeps on flowing. due to its inertia,
md IN this NAV crowds in a hivCor