davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30
COMPLAINT DECLARES
GREEK LABORERS ARE
MADE TO PAY LEWES
South Dakota Legal Depart.
ment Reports to Milwaukee
Road on Alleged Abuses.

aberdeen. S. D.. Sept. 25.-Loca.
railway officials have taken
up the investigation of alleged in
stances in which it is claimed Greek la
boring men on the Milwaukee road
nave been grated by their fellow
countrymen and forced to contribute
portions of their earnings each month
pm the ground tina the men making
the corrections had secured their jobs
for them, and If they did not come
across would see that they were dis
charged.
FORMAL complaint against the alleged
peonage system was recently made by
Alex kippis, Minas Econas II jim
Benarls. all Greeks in the employ Of
the road here, who sent Frank Sukulis,
another Greek who talks fluent Eng
lish, to h state immigration. depart
ment at Pierre in ar effort to secure
redress. h Greeks being under the
impression that the immigration de-
partment was devoted to looking after
the interests of immigrants who are
unfamiliar with American ways.
The immigration department turned
Sukulls over to the state legal depart
ment, which, after investigating the
complaint, wrote the complainants in
Aberdeen that there was no procedure
under the South Dakota state law by
which the alleged padrones could be
prosecuted, but hat the attention OF
Milwaukee headquarters at Chicago
would be called to the situation. On a
suggestion from headquarters Detec-
tive Byron Mcveigh, formerly United
States deputy marshal for South Da-
kota, started an investigation.
According to the statements made by
the complainants. the graft system has
been prevalent for some time. Minas
Econas says that since July, 1913, he
has been mulcted of $73 Of his wages;
Alex Kippis says that in September,
1914, he paid $40 to get his job on the
railroad, and that since that time he
has paid $31 in monthly payments to
retain his position, or q total of $51;
Jim Benaris says that since July, 1918,
he has paid ss1 in graft money.
Milwaukee officials declare the mat
ter will De sifted to the bottom. and
that IL it is found that a graft system
really exists In the Greek colony here,
and that laboring men are being robbed
on the pretext that the collector has
power to get them discharged, the
grafters will be prosecuted.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30
GRAIN HEATS AND CAUSES
LOSS OF LARGE BARN

Clear Lake. s. D., Sept. 27.-The de-.
struction by fire Of the large stock
barn Of the farm of George B. Hoy,
a well known deuel. county farmer
and stock raiser, caused a loss esti-
mated at $4,000. Insurance of about
half the mount Of the loss was car
ried. In addition to the barn. Is
stacks Of grain n two stacks of nay
we're burned. the flames communica-
ting to them. Overheated grain stored
on the second floor of the barn is be-
lieved to have caused the fire. All the
ture. OF the Q 8 would have been
much greater. On March 80, 1911, a
barn occupying the same site was de-
stroyed by fire. which Mr.. Hoy always
has believed was OF incendiary origin.
The grain burned had been stacked
ready for the threshers, and was his
entire crop for this season.
-
GETTYSBuRG-Fred Moser, who lives
. few miles southeast Of here. lost his
house and household goods by fire a few
nights The IRE started from some
unknown cause while Mr.. Moser was In
the field after q load OF oats and his
sarst knowledge Cit wa when he saw
some Of the ncighbofs running! toward his
place They alf arrived too late. however.
TO check the flames and the house and
yurance
he living apartments Of Mr.. and Mrs,
Albert Echieft in a business block here
:anEed the destruction Of q restaurant
buildinK anda barber shop, Mrs. Schieff
nan upstairs 10 rescue their small chill
Ilren. The Aames spread 80 rapidly that
9sshe could net return by the staircase,
E3ut had 10 make her escape with the chill
- T.A-L-e
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30
TWO PLEAD GUILTY OF
SELLING UNClEAN BREAD

Aberdeen, S. D., Sept. 25.-Tom,
Marias Inc Gus Andrews, proprietors
of a bakery in this city, were arrested;
yesterday afternoon upon the com,
plant of A. Prestwick, deputy state|
pure food inspector, on the charge off
manufacturing, preparing and selling|
and offering for sale foods in. an un-|
clean and unsanitary condition, to-wit:l
Bread and pastry
Through an interpreter they entered
pleas of guilty to the charge and were
each fined SIS, which they paid.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

tnoWn, was introduced into England IN
b24, brought probably from the port of
sadiz, where ships trading with the
rient were accustomed to call. In
tearly all European countries, and even
Turkey itself. this bird is called the
Indian fowl"
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

70 Carlo have been SO effectively d.
yerted into other activities that shares
n the casino company have dropped
rom $1,000 to $3.50. Many Of those who
formerly threw coin on to the green
IAbles are. now themselves only pieces
IN q game.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

United States government irrigation.
projects completed orsunder way rep
resent an expense OF $S5. 600, 900 and
le,60O,o00 acres.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

A steel and concrete campanile, 500
feet high, being erected at the Cn!-
versity OF California in memory Of one
Of the founders OF the institution, will
be the highest memorial tower In the
monument.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30
MISSOURI VALLEY WAITER
TO QUALIFY FOR ESTATE

Council Bluffs. Ia. Sept. 23.-charles
schluter. a waiter in the Dunn eating
house at Missouri Valley, quit his job
night to be married today, at
Fremont. Neb.. to q girl whose name
he declines TO give out, in order to
qualify for a legacy OF $4,000 In cash
and real estate left him by Charles
s6chultx. OF New York city, an uncle
who left him the small fortune ON
condition that he wed during Sep-
tember.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30
KINGSLEY MAN BUYS HALF
SECTION NEAR BONESTEEL.

Bonesteel. S. D.. Sept. 25.-S. NJ.
xelso. of Kingsley. Ia, purchased a
nalf section Of land three miles south
If Bonesteel yesterday at a considera-
lion Of SOS per acre. Mr.. kelso recent
" sold his farm near Kingsley at $3.50
per acre, and say it is not mere pro-
luctive han his newly acquired pos,
,ession, Judging by the crops produced
this year. He travelled extensively over
the fsosebul country the past week and
pronounced the general crop conditions
mere excellent.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

A. former duke Of Brittany boosted
that his most valuable asset was an
hnlighted rock on the s%eacoast. He
yrew wealthy salvaging w%reckage. A
modern parallel is the case OF the
!armer who dug a mudhole in the road
Year his home n charged motorists
rs apiece to pull them U
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

Although the lot Of Kopts, or Chris
tlAn Egyptians, has hitherto been hard
Or than that of the Mohammedans, no.
l67 bibles were sold In that country last
year. Bulgaria bought 1900 and Ash
Attic Turkey So, 200.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

Goggles for the eyes and a protective
arrangement for the spine are used by
the whita troops fighting near the Per-
sian gulf to shield them from the In
tense sunlight. His backbone L., Of
course, the soldiers greatest asset.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

David Leyes, a Scotchman, for strik-
ing his father. was sentenced in 1854 to
appear .%bafrheddit andbairfuttit' In
shurch with an a~pologetic placard at
,ached to his Uranium.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30
cHlLp's LIFE PROBABLY
SAVED BY "TEDDY REAP

Cottonwood. s. D., Sept. PA
Teddy bear" probably saved the life
OF 6-year-old Oracle Mower, OF Cot
tonwood. Oracle was leaning against
the : in a c story window.
holding a big Teddy bear in her! arms.
when the + fell or and Oracle
was precipitated to the brick walk
below, still clasping the Teddy bear IN
her arms. She was u~ninjured by the
tail. the Teddy bear having broken the
Aorcs Of the fall.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

Alaska'a total output since 1867
amounts to $780, 900. 900. This sum in
c.udes $4,000, 600 IN gold, 1888, 900, ooe
worth Of fish, $65.00o,0o0 In seal and
other aquatic furs, $780, 900, 900 in copper.
fish ola, n the rect. in silver, whale
bone, coal gypsum, marble, tin and
vegetables.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30
Government Seriously Consid-
ering Sending an Expedition
airy Force Into Mexico
to Clean Up Bandits.
SITUATION GROWS SERIOUS
Yesterdays Battle, in Which
Uniformed Mexican Soldiers
Participated, May Has
ten Border Climax.

Washington, D.. c., Sept. 27.-
Possibility that American troops might
cross the Rio Grande to deal with
MeXicans raiding border counties
in Texas. was talked of here today as
a result Of yesterdays border fight be-
tween United States soldiers and MeAi-
cans near Progreso. Tex. One Ameri-
can soldier was killed and an officer
wounded in the battle. At least four
MeXicans, perhaps more, were shot
down, it was reported. The soldier was
Private Henry W. Stubblefield, of Big
Stone Gap, Va, and the officer, Capt.
A. V. Anderson.
An incident that, added to the Sc
robustness Of the situation in the eyes of
the war department officials was the
fact as reported by General Funston,
that several uniformed Mexicans on the
southern border covered the retreating
raiders. AS viewed here the incident
is regarded as one of the most serious
OF the numerous disturbances along the
border.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

The Grand canal ut Venice, one time
home OF moonlight, gondolas and ro-
nance. is said now to be cluttered with
torpedo boats and cruisers. 1t was
through q "a that drove the people to
seek refuge on those many Islands that
Venice came to be established.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

Railroad building at night has been
made possible In Africa by the use Of
freight q us. a lighting plant,
tquipped with projecting arms that
carry searchlights.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

Queen Victoria g reputed Invention of
the safety pin has been exploded by the
recent discovery on the island Of Crete
Of supposed to have been made at
least 300 years b. C. This gives 1t the
safety first honors.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

Paper, g%uncotton n imitation
feather n silk are a few OF the articles
that can nowebe made Of cotton plant
stalks. The most Interesting item is
the first. The nee for q wood pulp
substitute Is yearly becoming increas-
ingly urgent.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

We may puzzle our brains over the
tongue twisting names which France
and Russia haze given to some OF their
towns, but England herself furnishes a
few quite MS dazzling az that OF
Przemysl. Hurstmonceaux, for in
stance, is pronounced Her-So; Kirk
cudbright, kir-coc-bre; Daventry,
Dantry; Leominster, Le1nster, and
Eyersham. E-Sham.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

Stusks OF the African elephant
poMotimes weigh an much as 100
sspounde eaehs and reach a length OF
Slgt or nine feet
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

Many English ~literateurs have been
famous swimmers, with Byron, who
Iwam the H~ellespont, leading the ar
md John Wilson, who wrote under the
pen name Christopher North, frequent
v circumnavigated Loeb Lomond.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

Finger nails grow more quickly IN
summer than In winter. Those on tho
middle finger grow the fastest. and the.
thumb the most slowly.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

Today the British navy bears prac-
SeicAlly the same relative proportion to
The existing fleets Of the world that Il
S1ld stn%NeloOns1 time.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30
STATE W. c. T. u. WORKERS
CONCLUDE ANNUAL SESSION

Aberdeen. S. D., Sept. 24.-The 27th
annual convention Of the Women's
Christian Temperance union closed at
tpswich last night with a diamond
sontest among the speakers who have
won gold medals in the various dis
.ricts Of the state, and the election Of
officers for the coming year. The cleo
tion resulted as follows:
President, Mrs. Anna r. Simmons
Faulkton; vice president, Mrs. Alice
NJ. A. Picker, Faulkton: Correspond
Ing secretary, Mrs. Ruby Jackson.
Ipswich: recording secretary. Mrs
Flora Mitchell, Brookings; treasurer
Mrs. l.. E. Stafford, Milbank; secretary
young peoples branch, Mrs. L. ".
Smith, Watertown; secretary Loval
Temperance league, Mrs. Minnis
Craun, Willow Lakes; editor and pub
Usher state temperance organ. Mrs
Alice r. Gossage. Rapid City.
The union has taken steps this va.r
towards a strenuous campaign for
state wide prohibition and equal sui
rage at the coming election NEXT wear
and some substantial pledges wers
made for carrying on the work.
PHIL1P-1'he annual convention AZ ~.
Stanley County Sunday School associa.
lion will be held here next SATURDAY. and
Sunday. At the convention the district
covered by the association will be divided,
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

A1 ttSxting = 4 prfnter's sdevil, John
Watson. now trRvelng In
Sxz1N16Ass8r0e AZ be premier o. Aus
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30

The Brussels ketjes-street boys
lavs found a new method OF annoying
the German soldiers. They carry scis-
tors in their sleeves and when they are
Hose to q German soldier in a crowd,
they cut off the leather knot OF his
sword and carry 1t away as q trophy.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1915-09-30
DALLAS VOTES EoNDs TO
INCREASE WATER SUPPLY

Dallas, s. D., Sept. 23.-Dallas voted
70 bond the city for $l2, 900 at a special
election. The money will be used for
improving the city water system. Only
four votes were a s against the bond
issue.
The Seward gateway., 1915-06-02

The fame of Che Seward city council spreading and wide From uucorabc a reputation intelligent resab,. following May issue of a, Douglas News paper which invariably shows io editorial news columns:
 decided necessary print paper any paper that will up, posted conpcu places and the the mules donkcs will equal respect Alaska legislature spirit economy, il may thought people If through this people aU suckers, aoaot tat c legislature ashamed of eoa r.s say t adn c of advertising time and there preacher whose g-cgarou had deserted himself and his by his ideas boards but only succeeded exciting excellent of garden fertilizer The well learn i lesson at future time Tine pco, of newspapers obey attention boards and they know pretty well what they about, too."
The Seward gateway., 1915-06-02

again until 8 short time ago when o..s and 8 companion, both pros nas,ars. found the wre,kage ot what appeared ,a be So launch about the size .s the Union in a cove between Dix .ae Hwaar and ley Point They aj- SO so.nd 8 s,lr. which they identified as .a.. belonging to the Union and .oU drum. On the drum was stem .ea .Jmoa 0I Co. Juneau, Alaska No. fts The s'5r was intact and the .ar.osss and oars were undistwbed. She had apparently not been launch .I Gs claims that he is certain .... ..e drum u0 skin were the prop or.. 0t t.e Union and f he is right ...e seems to be little doubt that Capt. G.man and his companion were drowned
The Seward gateway., 1915-06-02
COWBOYS RIDE INTO
 SAVOY DINING ROOM.

SEATTLE.-Two cowboys attired in the garb of the range and riding spirited ponies, provided a sensation al feature last evening in the dining room of the Savoy hotel during the progress of a banquet given by Alas kans in honor of Mir. and Mrs. Frank Manley of Iditarod, who are to de- part for the North Monday. The COW. boys gallopcd through the hotel cor ridor and the length of the dining room, bringing up at the speakers table with a great clattering of hoofs.
 Mrs Manlcy, herself an experienced horsewoman, not to be outdone by mere man, exercised her prerogativc as guest of honor and commanded one of the "punchers" to relinQuish his animal to her. Her request com piled with, she mounted and rode the horse out into the lobby to the ac- compartment of cheers from her fel- low diners.
 The dinner was the idea of Mir. and Mrs. R. F. Nixon, and the guests were members of the Alaskans. Among those present were: Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Price. NIr. and Mrs. Harry Lockhart Nr. and Mrs. $. l.. Stanley Barney NcGee. Mrs. J. l.. Biglow, Judge and Mrs. W. A. Gilmore, Mir C. M. Mattice lIr. and Mrs. C. C. Norton, Miss Lorctte Moore, Jack Irwin, James Me- Elroy. Mrs. B. II. Harris, Mrs. W. L.. Childs. Ben Herr. c. M. Williams, Miss II. V. Handy, II. W. Moulton T.. E. Handy, Ed and Charles Terry
The Seward gateway., 1915-06-02
NO SHOW FRIDAY.


 Owing to the fact that the Casino Theatre has been donated to the school children for their graduating exercises Friday night, ,herc wiIl be no show on that night; But Tuesdays show will be repeated Wednesday night and the regular Friday change of program will be on Thursday night and rcpeatcdagan Saturday night
 Next week the changes of program will be as heretofore, Sundays, Tues days. and Fridays; No show on Wed. uesday nights. Hereafter there will
The Seward gateway., 1915-06-02
MYSTERY OF BOAT
 IS ABOUT CLEARED UP.

Capt R. w. Weeks of ... launch Cappeua. who stopped in Seward las, night on his v.. from T.a... 10 ha.N reported taa. he ..e.v.a amo.. positive new a. ... gasoline .awsa "Uaaa" from g..... vas wrecked jus. after leaving L. as. Dec cmber He obtained h- information from Wm. GHGs a. Dixon H"aar
 GiWs was a. I.ta.a when .ae Union arrived from Juneau with four pas- sengers. The weather Was bad and Capt Germa.n of tn. C"oa was urge ed not Go star. back u.. l. cleared bu, he refused p...ne to sea in a heavy gale. Sa. never rea.ae. Ia- neau nor was she seer nor heard 0.
The Seward gateway., 1915-06-02
be two shows on Sunday nights start.
 ing next Sunday at 7:3O D. m. sharp.

WANTED-Solictor, apply City Dye Works, Ashland Building 6-1-5t.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1915-10-04
INTEREST INCREASES
IN REVIVAL SERVICES

The revival services. which have been
In progress In the Cowardin- Avenue
Christian Church for the last week.
continue with undated intcreDt. Both
of the services yesterday were very
largely attended. At the morning
service. the pastor, Rev. f.. w. Long
spoke on The Pearl of Great Price,
and at the evening service the Rev.
George w. Kemper. of the Hanover
Avenue Christian Church. who is doing
the preaching In the evangelistic SER
vices, spoke on The Cost of the Christ
less Life" In his discourse. DIR. KEN
per emphasized very strongly the dam
gers in refusing the gospel invita- ton,
and closed with a very earnest appeal
to the unconverted
The meeting viii he continued dur
ing the coming week, services being
held each night. beginning at s o'clock.
At the conclusion OF the preaching to-
night. the Rev. Robert A. Atkins. a
member of the local congregation, will
be ordained to the work of the min
fstry. Special music is n very pleasing
feature at each service.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1915-10-04
VISITING SOLDIERS
LEAVE FOR HOME TODAY.

As guests of their nephew, A. J.
Moist, Company c, Fifth Indiana
Cavalry. and r. s. Moist. Company F.
l71st Pennsylvania Volunteers, are in
the city on the way home from the
IT, A. r. encampment. which has JUS,
come to an end in Washington.
These gentlemen spent yesterday
IN looking over the battlefields, and
collecting relics of the stormy DAYS
OF the war. They are with their
nephew. II. l. Moist. 5o4 1-2 Yves,
Marshall Street
CIV. Hubbard, of Company z,
Third Maine, Post 10. G. A r.. of
Worcester. Mass. and W. B. Lowney,
Company F, unattached, Maine In
fantry. Post 10, g. A. r.. of worces-
ter. Mass. are In the city looking over
the battlefields and other poin'~ -
interest. They were taken in hand
yesterday by Colonel John Murphy
of Murphy's Hotel, who gave them
much information about things here
sbouts. They will leave Tor home his
morning. Yesterday was spent in
PETERSBURG
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1915-10-04
WELL KNOWN SPORTING
EDITOR CLAIMS BRIDE

A quiet wedding will be celebrated
this morning at IL o'clock In the home
OF the brides parents. 1909 Bainbridge
Street. when Miss Elizabeth W. Clary,
daughter Of Mr.. and Mrs. James w
GlaFy, becomes the bride of r. Earle
Lutz. sporting editor OF the Times
Dispatch. The ceremony will be per-
formed by the Rev. w. A. Cooper,
pastor Of Central Methodist Church.
Miss Clary. who IL the daughter OF
well-known South Richmond Con-
tractor. In one OF the most popular
young ladies on the Southside. Mr.,
Lutx, Who IL the son OF Mr.. and MrA.
Frank l. Lutx. Is well-known and
generally liked throughout the city.
He IL first Lieutenant In ne Richmond
Signal Corps.
Z roiio~nlx the wedding Mr.. and
Mrs. Lutz win leave for Boston. Provi-
dence. Nav York City. Philadelphia.
Baltimore and Washington. They will
.Enakes thsir home ,es-i Ia. Woodland
Heights.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1915-10-04
$4,000 HOME

Continued From First Page.)
campaign. Candidates may secure
subscriptions anywhere; they are not
restricted to their own sections.
Attractive New Home.
The prizes offered in this campaign
arc the very best that can be offered
1nere is nothing more desirable or
necessary than home; everybody
wants an automobile. and there la no
man or woman. however rich, but
who can make use OF more money.
The list, therefore, holds its attrac.
ton for all.
This campaign offers an easy way by
which to secure a home And SPLEEN
did home 1t IL to be. The illustrations
SHOWN on page. and giving the
front elevation. side elevation and
floor plans give at glance an idea of
the splendid house which is to be
erected for one of the Eirginian's best
friends. Messrs. r. NJ Anderson &c
Co. who have built great many of
the most ractive dwellings on the
Northstde, realize that this home will
attract more attention than any home
which they have erected. They have.
therefore, drawn plans and prepared
specifications insuring a real. sure
enough home built with practical
plans. by competent contractors out of
the very best material Arrangements
have been made with the Miller Manu-
featuring Company. one Of the largest
and most responsible supply houses tn
the country, to furnish the lumber,
mill work and other supplies, and all
or these are to be of the best quality.
There will be nothing shoddy In the
house. Erected on high and beauti-
fully situated lot fronting fifty feet on
Woodrow Avenue. and facing a beauti-
full small park where Woodrow and
Lamb Avenue intersect, the house will
have an ideal location. 1t will be &C
cessible to the electric line and In a
community which is rapidly building
up with splendid homes and desirable
neighbors
The house. with a frontage Of thirty
four feet. win contain six rooms. bath,
pantry and large hall on the second
floor. The colonial porches at tho
front and side will both open into a
reception hall 20x16 feet. The stair
way. which lands In this hall. In to be
finished ir mahogany and white.
There will be hardwood NANTES with
tile hearths and facing. The floors
are to be planned to a smooth surface
and polished. The interior will be
finished In white enamel. and the ex-
terror Will be white. trimmed with
green. The house Is to be storm
sheathed and weatherboarded and
rooted with slate. The floor plans
printed in the double-page announce
ment Of the campaign show the attrac-
tive arrangement Of the two floors.
Messre. Anderson & Co have ar
ranged with sub-contractors to use
only first-class material. and thus in
sure well-finished building.