davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-09-24
Fruit

rIWu
For the box of largest apples, any
variety, $3.50.
For best box commercial apples IS.
Best box commercial pears IS.
Best 10 lbs. English Walnuts 50. 50.
Best 20 ID. box prunes 81.
Best 10 lbs. box grapes 81.
Best 10 ID. box plums 81.
Best 10 Id. box ounces 81.
Best display Of fresh fruits SO.
Grass and Grain.
Best individual exhibit Of grains
and grasses $40.
Same, for boys or girls under six
teen years Of age $40.
The Oronfio Commercial Club will
offer SIS. 90 for sheaf exhibits.
Mix & Wa.rath will offer prizes
for threshed seed grain.
Vegetables.
Best individual farm exhibit SIS.
Second $40.
Best individual garden exhibit IS.
For FIVE different varieties of early
potatoes in SO lb. box, per box $3.50.
Read this carefully. One variety in
each box. Not necessary for one ex-
hibitor to have more than one variety.
Best bushel onions. any variety,
$3.50.
Largest pumpkin 81. so.
Largest squash $3.50.
For best ten ears of corn, any va
riety, $3.50.
For largest ten ears corn, any va
riety, $3.50.
For hest ten ears yellow Dent corn
$3.50.
Best ten ears White Dent 81. 80.
For best rs ears of pop corn Ito any
boy or girl under l6 yrs.) $3.50.
For best box tomatoes s..
For three largest heads of cabbage
$50.
To boy or girl under l6 yrs. age:
Largest turnip $l.00.
For largest rutabaga 81.
Largest beet 81.
Six best table beets. 81.
Livestock.
Best draught stallion $40.
Best saddle stallion $40.
Best draught mare $40.
Best colt S..
Best beef bull $40.
Best dairy bull $40.
Best boar, any breed. $40.
Best sow, any breed. SO.
Best ram and two ewes, under two
yrs age $40.
The Hazelwood Company Of Spokane
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-09-24


ers, 75c.
Boys best individual exhibit flowers
75c.
Culinary Department
Committee-Mrs.E E. j. Sullivan,
Mrs. Effie Frazier.
For the best in any of the follow 5
ing cakes $3.50 each . Angel Food.
Devil Food, White Loaf, Spice Loaf,
White, Dark Layer, Fruit.
In the following the first prize will
be SO cents, and second prize Is cts:
White cookies, dark cookies, dough-
nuts, raised doughnuts, lemon pie,
pumpkin pie, apple pie, berrie pie.
Fancy Work.
Committee Mesdames. Holmberg,
J. C. Bullock, P. E. McRoberts.
Where two sums are given it is
for first and second.)
Best exhibit fancy work for girl
under IL yrs, 75c. Soc. 25c.
Best homemade rug 81
Best set of sheet and pillow slips 81
Best fancy towel TIC
Best fancy apron 50c
Best fancy bag Toe
Best lunch cloth 81
Best luncheon set 81
Best collection of crochet 81
Best collection of tatting 81
Best knitted shawl 75c
Best patch quilt 81 Soc
Best crocheted bed spread 81
Best sofa pillow 75c
Best Table rum er 75c
Best Hardanger 81
Best Center piece Toe
Best handkerchief SOC
Best corset cover soc
Best night gown 75c
Best exhibit of bead work s.
Educational Department Premium List
School making best general exhibit
IS. Best specimen of Palmer penman-
ship soc. Best map of Idaho soc
Best Map of United States soc
Best piece of basketry work soc
Best pencil drawing by primary
pupil Csc
Best watercolor drawing by primary
pupil .25c
Best individual display of handwork
by primary pupil soc
Best drawing by intermediate or
grammar grade pupil soc
Best watercolor by intermediate or
grammar grade pupil Soc
Best individual display of hand
work by intermediate or gram
mar grade pupil Soc
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06
NATIONS BIC MEN
TO Plan DEFENSE
Invite Governors and Con-
gressmen From Every State.
INCREASE FIGHTING FORGE.

Aerial Torpedo Boat Now Under Dis
cussion--lclea Patented by Rear Ad-
miral Fiske Twenty Years Ago-Be-
lieved Device Can Be Perfected For
Use In LandIocked Harbors.
Washington.-The first great gather
ing in the United States to consider the
national defense question will be held
In Washington from Oct. to Z. 1t will
take place Immediately following the
Grand Army of the Republic encamp-
ment here and will be under the aus.
pices Of the National Defense league.
1t is planned that the gathering shall
be one of representative citizens from
every state Of the Union, who will con-
slider what measures must be taken by
congress to increase the fighting arms
of the country.
The conference will be presided over
by Representative Kahn of California,
chairman. and Senator Robert f.
Broussard Of Louisiana, vice chairman
Of the National Defense league.
An invention which was perfected
by Rear Admiral Fiske almost twenty
years ago, when he was a lieutenant
commander in the navy, is being con-
sidered by naval designers as posi-
BILE basis for the construction of aerial
torpedo boats which might inflict re-
mendous damage on an enemy's bat
tleships.
The Fiske invention provides for the
construction Of flying vessel which
would carry torpedo weighing one
Ton. One Of the principal values of
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06

work Tuesday evening. Nothing but
the most favorable comments was
heard after the performance had
ended
The American Male Quartet, three
Of the members of which were uni.
versity men, formed musical com.
pany which was undebatedly the big.
gest success Of any of the preludes of
the present Chautauqua. At both
afternoon and evening performances,
the tent and the people in it were
theirs. The audience could not be
satisfied by single encore and when
the four young men finally gave way to
the other portion of the program, gen
uine regret was evident on all sides.
V6cally, they sang delightful quartets.
lnstrumentally, they had excellent
balance in piano, violin, cello and
clarinet, while one member of the
company, Clayton Conrad, gave snap
py cartoonings which pleased immea-
surably. The work of l.. e. Gilbert as
a reader also won him many friends
in the audience. The quartet has
great possibilities.
Hon. John T. Barker, attorneygen-
eral of the state of Missouri and a
gubernatorial aspirant, proved mod
ell of direct, clean-cut and snappy
speech in his lecture Tuesday after
noon on "The Courts and the People"
A subject, the very title of which
smells musty to many people, was
vitalized by Mr.. Barker so that it fair
ly sparkled with interest. Those who
expected heavy and dry discussion
were pleasantly disappointed.
Mr.. Barker pleaded for honesty, in.
tegrity and fair play by the judiciary
in the settlement of cases. He spoke
bitterly against the decision of mat
ters by old English precedents, with
no consideration for the merits and
rights in the case. Narrating num-
berless instances of hollow justice,
notoriously the Thaw and Frank cas-
es, he urged greater disregard of
precedent and more careful survey
of justice.
"The American nation was not
founded for big business" the speak
er stated, ''it was founded for human
right" and with that as a start, he
broke forth into a denunciation of big
business, it's tortuous methods and
the curse it is on the mass of Ameri-
can people. Personal experience with
big powers when he successfully
fought for 2-cent railroad fare in
was brought in by Mr.. Bark
er to illustrate his points. Urging
publicity as one of the greatest rem
edies in holding down big business,
the speaker brought to an end de-
lightful lecture.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06
REAR ADMIRAL FISKE.

NHhS hDhthhh c1ohH1
such a flying machine. in the opinion
Of naval experts, would be its ability
to attack landlocked fleets.
SwOoping down at distance of five
sea mics from the object of attack, the
air craft would drop its deadly passen-
ger into the water just as it would
have been launched from destroyer.
The impact sets the torpedo's machin-
cry in motion. and 1t Is off at speed
of more than forty knots an hour to.
ward the enemy ship.
Aeroplanes to carry ton Of dead
weight have been perfected by several
countries. Russia is said to have sew
eral that will carry twenty men. and
the new British air craft probably will
have similar capacity.
1t is said to be possible that a type
of radio controlled torpedo might be
employed, one aerOplane carrying a tor
pedO and another the wireless machin-
cry to control the missiles fight
through the water 1t Is pointed out
that Admiral Fiske obtained patents on
such q method of control in 1900. when
navy. They are said to be so broad
and farreaching as to underlie all sub
sequent developments of radio control
led devices.
"My invention" says the application
filed by Lieutenant Commander Fiske.
"is especially applicable to automobile
torpedoes and makes it possible to con-
troll the movements of a torpedo with
great certainty from a shore. from the
deck of ship or a lake."
Since the aerial torpedo plan was ad-
vanced reports have come that Ger
man engineers were at work on a sim
liar scheme. 1t is planned to drop from
aerOplanes torpedo that can be guild
ed by radio impulses during its fall
and send 1t with absolute certainty to
its mark.
Further tests of the Isham high ex-
plosive fuse for use in navy shells will
be made soon by the naval board ap-
pointed eight months ago to determine
the value of this device submitted by
Willard S. ISham. The fuse was q sub
ject of controversy during the last con-
gress. and the special board. headed
by Rear Admiral Fiske. was appointed
to conduct the tests. Admiral Fiske's
recommendation that several fuses be
made with improvements suggested by
tie board since previous experiments
showed no very satisfactory result
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06
Retirement
Of SiIaS Parr From Business,
Succeeded By Francis
Shoe Co.

An important business change was
announced Wednesday morning, be.
ing the sale of the Parr shoe store by
Mr.. Silas Parr to the Francis Shoe
company of Lorain, Ohio.
The sale OF the store means the re-
tirement of Mr.. Parr after thirty-one
years of active service in the shoe
business, and name familiar to the
people of Knox county Is dropped
from the mercantile life Of this com.
munity--and an honorable name that
has ever been synonymous with
square-dealing and high ideals in
business.
The Francis Shoe company is com
posed of three brothers who conduct
the leading shoe store in Lorain.
The store room Is to have a new
and modern front and other improve
ments are to be made.
Possession to the new firm is to be
given some time this month. Mr.
Frank ]. Meade and Mr.. Ralph Ward
who have been with Mr.. Parr for sew
eral years, are to continue with the
new firm.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06
Beware of Ointments for
Catarrh that Contain Mercury

as mercury will surely destroy the sense
of smell and completely derange the
whole system when entering it through
the mucous Surfaces. Such articles should
never be used except on prescriptions
from reputable physicians, as the damage
they will do is ten fold to the good you
can possibly derive from them. Halls
Cheney G. Co. Toledo. o., contains no
mercury. and is taken internally, acting
directly upon the blood and mucous sur
faces of the system. In buying HaH'S
Catarrh Cure be sure you get the genu-
inc. 1t is taken internally and made in
Toledo. Ohio. by F. ]. Cheney & Co. Tes-
timonials free.
Sold by Druggists. Price 75c per bottle.
Take Halls Family Pills for constipation
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06
With The. Audience Afternoon
And Evening
Attorney General OF Missouri
Gives Fine Lecture

Met with a demand after he had fin
ished the trick and had passed on to
other experiments to produce another
pigeon, Reno at the Chautauqua Tues
day evening spirited one of the birds
into his hands by the very simple ex-
pedient of rolling up some torn pa
per. The children in front of the
stage were still insistent and, whisk,
Reno materialized another pigeon,
seemingly from the air!
And such was Reno. Always willing
to please and every ready to cater to
the tastes and demands of all the
little people whom he seemed to
adore, he is one of the most likeable
personalities ever appearing in Mt.
Vernon in the role of legerdemain-
list.
To illustrate his love of children, it
is only necessary to recount a little
episode at the tent Tuesday. A num-
ber of tots had arrived too late to Sc
cure seats in the front and had perch
ed themselves on the pile of chairs at
the rear. Reno happened in the back
end of the tent and a complaint reach
ed his ears that the children were
obscuring view of the stage of peo-
pie sitting back of them. Without
further. parley, Reno instantly pro-
cured chair for each one of the chill
dren and had them placed in vantage
spots near the stage.
Reno was deliciously humorous in
his "patter," particularly when talk
ing to the children on the stage, some
invited and some not. In fact, the
many little ones came on the stage
and evidently derived much pleasure
from their presence. He let all fondle
and pet the pigeons, rabbits, ETC., he
produced in the course of his manipu-
lations and great was the joy Of one
little miss who sat for one blissful
half hour with a bunny hugged
close to her breast.
Reno was unusually clever in his
mauipulations and the lightning-like
moves of his hands deceived grown
people who sat in front and who had
seen some of the illusions since child
hood. There was nothing at all of a
bunglesome character in his work. his
operations being quick and sure. He
had little methods all his own of fin
ishing his tricks that brought laugh
ter from and Joy to all the audience.
1t is Ions while since Mt. Vernon
people have witnessed magic per-
formance as finished as was Reno's
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06
William Dunlap

William Dunlap died Tuesday even
ing at 10:30 o'clock at his home in
Clinton township, after a weeks ill
LESS Of diseases incident to old age.
The deceased was "a years old and
leaves a wife and the following chill
dren: James and Wilson of Utica,
Joseph of Howard and Clara of this
city. The funeral at the late home
Thursday at noon, Rev. H. H. Miller
officiating. Interment in Jelloway
cemetery.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06
LOCATED
In France And Caring For
Wounded Soldiers Is
Miss Graham

Miss Gertrude Porter, East High
street, has received an interesting
letter from Miss Ada Graham of Chi
cago, former Mt Vernon girl, who
is now in France doing Red Cross
nursing among the soldiers wounded
in the war. Miss Graham is out on
the field and sleeps in a tent. The
wounded are also cared for in tents.
She states that her work is very eX-
citing, but quite interesting. She is
with corps of English Red Cross
nurses.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06
1T WILL PAY YOU

In actual dollars and cents to come
and view the many varied exhibits
and learn of the progress and pro-
ducts of this growing region.
You will meet old friends and make
new acquaintances.
A lot of money has been spent for
the entertainment of you and your
friends, therefore, we are expecting
you. You'll be sorry if you don't come
KNOX COUNTY FAIR, AUGUST II
IS, 10 and 20.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06
Winners
And Events In The Chautau.
qua Track Meet

The following are the events and
winners in the Chautauqua track
meet:
6O-yard dash (under 1O)-Miller,
Houston, Banning.
1OO-yard dash-Crider, Waite, Tu.
dor.
220-yard dash (under 1O)-Miller
Houston, Kahrl.
220-yard dash 90 to 12)-Coup, K
Speelman, Huntsberger.
220-yard dash lover 12)-Crider
Waite, McDonough.
44O-yard dash (under 12)-K. Speel
man, Miller, Kahrl.
50-yard one-legged race (under 10)
Miller, Wright, Workman.
5O-yard one-legged race 10 to 12)
k. Speelman, DeVoe, Huntsberger
6O-yard dash 90 to 12)-Coup, De
Voc, X. Speelman.
440-yard walk (under 1O)-Wright
Miller, Banning.
440-yard walk 40 to 12)-Speel
man, Huntsberger, Siegler
440-yard bicycle race (under 10)-
l Young, Wright, Durbin.
440-yard bicycle race 90 to 12)-
Mitchell, X, Speelman, Berry.
440-yard bicycle race (over 12)-
Waite, Tudor, c. Wright.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06
Entertains
+ 4 4. + + + !
Or. Laird Nevius

The remains of DR.. Laird Nevius of
Minneapolis, MINI, arrived in Fred.
ericktown Wednesday for burial. DR..
Nevius was over 10 years of age and
met death in an automobile accident.
He was born near Fredericktown and
left there 30 years ago. A daughter,
Mrs. Hall, of Delaware, survives. The
funeral occurred Wednesday after.
noon at the home of Mr.. Paul Cum
mings, Rev. w. H. Dickerson officiat-
ing. Interment was made in Forest
cemetery.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06
Account Filed
GREAT GOOD

BEING DONE BY BUILDING AND
LOAN ASSocIATIoNS-B THE
AD. WRITER OF THE BUCKEYE
STATE BUILDING AND LOAN
COMPANY, RANKIN BUILDING,
22 WEST GAY STREET, COLUM.
BUS, OHIO.
4. They distribute the profits of the
business equally among all their in
vestors, or depositors, who get five
per cent in semi-annual payments.
Such business tends to divide wealth
more fairly than heretofore. Such Is
the work of the Buckeye. Assets
$S,900O00. Five per cent paid on
time deposits.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06
+ 4 4 4 4. 1. 4. 4 + i. 4. 4
: FAMILY REUNIONS

TRWILI hEuVlUNS
r = r r - =. r. r. - - n r T. :.
The Gorsuch and Hoovler families
will hold reunion at Rosse hail,
Gambler. on Wednesday, August H..
The fifth annual reunion of the
Gardner-Carson families will be held
at Moundbuilders' park, Newark, O..
August II. All persons connected
with these families are cordially IN
vited to be present.
fs*Van Meter, Davis, and Miller re-
union August II, at the home of Cora
Cox Shafer, Rich Hill, o. Convey
ances will meet trains arriving at
Centerburg at 9:4O g. m. and 1874 p.
m, Pennsylvania lines.
o
The Melick family reunion will be
held Thursday, Aug. 12, at Idlewilde
park. Newark
The reunion Of the Buckland, Con.
inc and Maidlow families will be held
August IL at the Ottawa, O., fair
grounds. Judge John J. Moore, Hon
George D. Kinder and Rev. E. s.
Weaver will speak. Each related fam.
lily may invite one outside family.
The fifteenth annual reunion of the
descendants of the families of H. K.
and Ezra s. Robertson will be held
Thursday, August IL, at Riverside
park, Mt. Vernon. All relatives in
vited.
The Stillinger reunion to be held in
Joseph Mcmillan grove Thursday,
August ~. Everybody invited. Bring
your friends and basket. Trains will
be met at Danville and Cavallo.
The third annual reunion of the
Hoar and Fry families will be held
Saturday, August IA, at Riverside
park. All persons related to either
family are cordially invited.
The Workman family reunion will
be held Saturday, August 14th, in the
Horn Grove, Brown township, on the
Jelloway and Danville roads.
The Doup family reunion will be
held August IA in the Jay Doup grove,
1-2 miles west of Amity. All invit-
ed to attend with well-filled baskets.
The Moody family reunion will be
held at Lyons lake, Thursday, August
10
The Dowds family annual reunion
will be held at Lake Hiawatha park,
August 25 All members of the
Dowds family cordially invited to at
tend.
\ ne DCiltI ldLilly ItulllOH VIII Ne
held at the home of Mr.. Frank Struble,
one mile east of Chesterville, Thurs
day, August -.
. The annual reunion of the Mitch
ellis will be held at Riverside park
August II. All relatives urgently re-
quested to be present.
The annual Clutter reunion will
be held at the Owl Greek church on
Wednesday. August IS. All relatives
and friends invited
The seventeenth annual reunion of
the Fidler family will be held Friday,
August 20. in the old Fidler grove,
three miles northwest of Frederick
town.
- y1sgz1
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06
OFFICERS ELECTED
BY Class 21 of the Methodist Prot
estant Sunday School

Glass u of the NJ. p Sunday school
held the regular monthly business
meeting Tuesday evening at the home
OF Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence Dial, Cot
tage street.
The following officers were elected:
Teacher-Mrs. ]. c. George.
President-Mr. Fred Esterbrook.
Vice President-Miss Delta Glenn
ents.
Secretary-Mr. Ray Garrad.
Treasurer-Mrs. Lawrence Dial.
Press Correspondent-Mr. Wesley
Cartwright.
j, Collector-Mr. Clarence Huntsber-
ry.
Social hour followed at which
dainty refreshments were served by
the committee.
----,..-
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06
PROGRAM
WEDNESDAY-Evenina

WEONESUHY-EV
Concert-Chicago Ladies' Singing
Party.
ness"-Strickland w. Gillian.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06
NOTICE OF SALE
OF ROAD BONDS

office of the auditor of Knox County.
Ohio, at Mt. Vernon; Ohio, until one
1915, for the purchase of bonds of the said
county in the daggregate OF Si5,OoW.
dated m Sept f s In bo6a Snr If s e
and two bonds October 1st, 1916, and one
bond April 1st, and two bonds October LIST,
of each of the years 1916 to 1920 inclus-
i've, bearing interest at the rate of per
cent per annum payable semi-annually.
the first interst being due October LIST.
1915. both principal and interest being pay
able at the county treasury, delivery OF
said bonds to be at the county treasury
on the LIST day of September, 1915
Said bonds are issued by virtue OF the
authority of Section 1923 of the Revised
Statutes of Ohio and under and in accord
ance with resolution of the board OF
county commissioners adopted on the 18th
day of July, 1916, and for the purpose or
improving Section III of the Columbus.
Wooster Wooster. No5 road known as 'h'er-coun's
Said bonds will be sold to the highest
and best bidder for not less than par ana
Ali bids must state. the gross amount
of the bid and accrued interest 70 oate OF
delivery and conditional bids VIII not Dc
Ali bids must be accompanied by Ger
titled check for $4,000 payable 70 tne
treasurer of said county upon 3. Sonai.l4iiri s,iii
that if the bid is accepted the bidder VIII
receive and pay for the bonds aWaroeu
to him upon delivery thereoI hon,e SAN the nrop.
erty of the county If SAID conuilion rs tps uos
fulfilled: otherwise, to be returned TO the
bidder. .tf, tha,,-
selves of the legality of the issue OF saio
The Commissioners reserve the right to
ePids sho,Id be sealed and endorsed bid
| for Columbus w ooster Road Bonds Sec
tioh a. WALTER NJ RILEY.
County Auditor.
Mt. Vernon, Ohio, July 26, 1915.
| 7-al .8-6 20S -
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06
Won Below Killed

Berlin, Aug. 4-Maior General Mich
olas Won Below, commander Of an in
fantry brigade in the German army
has been killed in action, it was an
nounced today.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06
COURT NEWS

First and Final
A first and final and distributive
account has been filed in probate by
r. M. Greer, executor of William
Welsh, which shows the following:
Received $3,437 40, paid out the same
amount.
inventory and Appraisement-
In the estate of Eliza Myers, late Of
Liberty township, an inventory and
appraisement has been filed, which
shows the following: Personal prop
erty $50, moneys $1,105, securities
800. Total $1,255.
Account Filed
Lucy Fitz, guardian of Kenneth
Fitz, has filed first and final account
in probate, showing the following:
Received $466, paid out $4S6, leaving
balance of $40 due the guardian.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06

0News
Annual Reunion
tn Ra LaId

Annual Reunion
To Be Held
The annual reunion of the class Of
1913 of Mt. Vernon high school will
be held the early part of September.
Mr.. Charles West is president Of the
alumni organization.
o
Entertains
For Mt. Vernon Guest
Miss Frances Lane entertained
Monday afternoon at her home in
Seventh street, complimenting her
guest, Miss Elizabeth Trott, of Mt
Nernon.-Newark Advocate.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06

The Gorsuch and Hoovler families
will hold reunion at Rosse hail,
Gambler, on Wednesday, August II.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1915-08-06

The fifth annual reunion of the
Gardner-Carson families will be hei1
at Moundbullders' park, Newark, o..
August H. All persons connected
with these families are cordially IL.
yited to be present.