davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1915-04-01
Facts For Depositors to Consider.

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The Washington times., 1915-04-01

hnk high time that the banking business be pud OF all these
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The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-24
---------sos------ THE SHARED BURDEN

Anonymous. Methought to share my burden with
 friend, The weight of it had grown so hard to
 bear, No longer dared I hold it all my own. Lest it should fell me in my deep de-
 spair. But when l greeted her to whom I went Ill fun assurance of welcome fair, My heart stood still, for written on her
 face Methought I saw anothers souls de-
 sDair. My own forgotten left me strangely wise. She must be comforted, this sorry one,
 not I, Who never dreamed she ever knew such
 Boe, She always held our courage up so high. And as the tears and trouble left her face. My sorrow no longer cared to share, For suddenly ceased to feel its weight And half my burden seemed to leave me
 there. -sndr from the depths of the tired hearts
 desire. Has come thia blessing to make us
 strangely wise, That Ealf the hnrda- fe'i. When we had 1er
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-24
FAVORITE PROFESSION

number registered in all departments of our 10 largest universities aggregates TO- PSI.
 In the medical departments Of the uni- versailles other causes than hard times are in evidence, according to the Journal of the American Medical Association. Those medical schools which adopted higher entrance requirements at first lost in matriculants, as might have been an- ticipated. So soon, however, as the scath- ing report of pr. Pritchard, made for the Carnegie foundation, exposed the poor teaching facilities of many American med ical colleges, there arose a profitable self examination among these faculties, which resulted in scramble for combination with the better equipped institutions and the entire disappearance of others. Ths number of schools was, as hitherto re- ported in the Sun, diminished, a higher standard involving increased cost of study became general. A better prepared type of students matriculated; the former sur plus of doctors was removed
 Today the supply of physicians is barely equal to the demand, all of which must inure to the advantage Of the public and of the profession. Even if the number of doctors becomes inadequate the public may find comfort in the fact that no doctor is better than sn ignorant one, whom the conservative powers of the body may safely replace. This benefieent change is attributable to the thorough in- vestigation and plain speaking of the Car negie foundation explorer.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-24
Forty-five Years Observations

Forty-five years ago Herman Pfaff
 came here to Alabama from Pennsyl- vania, young man imbued with great
 hopes. He located in Lawrence county
 and engaged in farming and by industry acquired fine farm. For some eight years nc travelled throughout the southern states. For 20 years he has acted as the manager of the Brierield Coal and Iron company's property located in Bibb county, this state. During the past win ter MT. Pfaff has made his home in Bir-
 mingham. Speaking of his varied experi- | ences and particularly of the diversified farming propaganda, he said:
 The difficulty mostly to be met is | to effectively wean not only the negro | terant, but the white ones, from cotton growing. When I first came to Alabama | l succeeded in inducing several German farmers to locate in the northern part of
 the state. One, from Wisconsin, neigh bor of mine, started all right, but by and | by fell a victim to the cotton-growing | habit, and gradually he lost out; so did | the others.
 | T have been a close observer of the i farming conditions. l find that the white
 farmers will raise cotton and family | of children. These all want money in the ! fall; result, cotton for quick money | crop. On my place a white tenant ac- quired nine mules and nine children. He
 came to me some years ago and borrowed | g to get married on; he hadn't another thing on earth. He paid his rent last year-12 bales of cotton at 10 cents pei pound He had not enough to satisfy | his family and his other creditors.
 agreed to advance living, but that did not [meet the demands of the situation. He
 turned over all his stock, except a pail
 of mules to his creditors, moved away
 and started at the bottom again-there | you have it.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-24
From the New York Sun.

From the New York Sun
 n HE effect of economic depression
 upon education is interesting. inas-
 A much as the reverse of the conven- tional ideas on this subject obtains.
 An editorial article in Science furnishes some statistics to demonstrate that during low ebb in economic conditions a larger number of students are registered in our universities than in prosperous times. The period of depression during the year 1914 was greatly enhanced by the terrible war still raging in Europe. And yet the universities of Pittsburg, California and Columbia registered an excess of 1ooc students over the previous year, and the universities of New York, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Ohio and Minnesota gained over 500 and Minnesota gained over 800, while those of Cornell, Illinois, Nebra ska, Cincinnati and Michigan gained about 300 students.
 It is accepted by those who have made observations upon this point that in the professional department the increase is most marked in hard times, because busi- ness .reverses cause men to realize that the mental capital required for profes- sional vacations offers more enduring asset than others. Dentistry appears to be the favorite study, probably because it is partly mechanical vocation, which the people are beginning to appreciate more and more owing to the reports of school inspectors. It is a remarkable fact that 2545 dental students are regis tered in seven of our universities. The
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-24

From the New York Times
 NE must live out of New York to comprehend it's gayeties and get \ in touch will it's mysteries. Ordi-
 nary New Workers walk the streets or crowd the public conveyances on their way to and from their homes and their daily work, with faint ideas or none at all of the fun and thrills they lose because they have nobody to show them around town. To be sure, thee can see gay metropolitan life in the theatrical revues, where it is costumed with Senegambian simplicity, but they find no counterpart of that kind of gayety in their own daily experiences. The correspondents of newspapers print ed elsewhere, especially those correspond ents who make a speciality of the foibles of society, can often tell us thing or two.
 and veracious Hartford Courant we learn of the existence of a restaurant here of wonderful exclusiveness so remote from vulgar knowledge that entrance to it may only be obtained by repeating at the door the magical but somewhat informal sentence, Mary, bring in the child;" and of a place for luxurious eating and danc- ing, where, indeed, even the humble may dance with terpsichorean stars, if they can manage to get in, which is closed to all who do not remark casually to the dcorkeeper, California pelican, top floor, left The correspondent expresses the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-24

of shelter for all perishable crops, and necessity has taught these men valuable lessons in efficiency Farmers in semi tropical climcs such as the south, how ever have heretofore permitted them selves to become somewhat lax in this regard Potatoes, both sweet and lrlsh are loften tklown into damp. cellars Tor storage purposes, where rotting and waste of.sn incurs great loss. Northern truck CTS, on the ether hand, have found it nec- essary to devise better means of pro- lection. Every farmer that produces po- tatoes in marketable quantities is proVld- eI with q potato house-a house fitted with especial means Of ventilation, the produce resting on siats which are so arranged that 1t is in no place permitted to rest on q solid floor wall.
 Houses of this kind could easily be se- cured by southern truckers should they get in touch with manufacturers Who make it d business to provide equipment Of this kind. and the expense would be comparatively light.
 There are numerous other crops pro duced in Alabama for which better pro- tection might be afforded were the farmer to make a thorough study of the mat ter.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-24

From the Cincinnati Enquirer.
 A whole lot of people who are merely careful want a lot of credit for being good.
 You never hear a man complaining that time flies too fast after he has given his order to a waiter.
 Bring up a child in the way he should go and he will get there.
 An interesting man is one who will let you do all the talking.
 Nature doesn't make all the fools. She merely furnishes the raw material and lets some woman do the rest
 When girl refuses to marry man it jars her to see him later on looking happy and contented. By rights he should go to the dogs or waste away to a mere sxeleter. Every now and theh a woman marries a man because he needs a good wife to keep him straight When it comes to doing wonderful things with figures, the dressmaker makes the professor of mathematics look like a pilSer. X compliment has the same effect on a woman that glass of champagne has on a man. Tho reason why so few women can whistle is because you can't talk and 2 whistle at the same time.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-24
MYTHS OF NEW. YORK

hope that none of his readers will be put on the wrong track by this revelation, as his confidence 'is not for imitation, but~for information"
 We hope, indeed, that no decent Con- necticut person will ring the door-bell of some private house which seems to be unusually well lighted and say California pelican'' when the door is opened. We have. heard time and again of strictly guarded gambling houses hereabout, en- trance to which could only be obtained by repeating a password, but experience proves that any foolish young man. old one either, can get into any gam bling place very easily. We have been ms de aware before, too, of certain almost unknown tables dhote and cafes in New York which were closed to all not form ally introduced to the proprietors by inti- mate friends. and have wondered, after ward, whether our informants were not in collusion with the crafty restaurant keepers. Such places the investigator in variably finds overcrowded by seekers for exclusiveness, and he is lucky if the soup is not spilled in his lap. Also. one must be young, enthusiastic, and bitten by the blessed bug of Bohemia to find the cooks performances equal to promise. But it adds somewhat to the joy of living to know about these wonderful eating, drinking, and dancing places where only the initiated and specially privileged may enter, although we may wonder about the terms of their licenses
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-24

labors in dealing with the weevil menace is characteristic of the Ger man mind and habit.
 His investigations and experiments, covering a period of several years were begun in Louisiana, where he was living at the time. He tried to convince the United States depart ment of agriculture that his late plant ing theory was worth testing, but the experts at Washington were advo- eating early planting and they stuck to their notions.
 Mr. Vogler, failing to get Uncle Sam's cooperation, succeeded in getting the agricultural department of Alabama to give his method trial. The results were all that MT. Vogler could have desired. In the article re- ferred to Mir. Vogler says:
 "Now let us see to what extent the cotton growers of Alabama are ac- tually indebted to their department of agriculture on account of it's ad- vice to plant their cotton not before April 15. In the year of 1909, before the boil weevil had crossed the Missis- sippi state line, Alabama produced 1 ,040,137 bales of cotton.
 "Last year, in accordance with the ginners' report, published on January g., 1915, Alabama had already to her credit a total ginning of 1,629, ,198 bales of cotton, or 99,061 bales more than in 1914, with the boil weevil scattered over one-half of the state, than was produced in 1909, without any boil weevils at all.'
 Louisiana continued to follow the advice of the United States depart ment of agriculture. It planted early and the result was disastrous. In 1904 when only small part Of Louisiana was infested that state pro- duced 1,089,526 bales of cotton. In 1907 when about one-half of the state was infested the crop was 675,42S bales. In 1909 when the state was totally infested only 253, 3,412 bales were produced.
 MT. Vogler is now accorded credit and honor for rendering a service of the highest economic value.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-24

operation of all citizens of the county. It is very reasonable request and will no doubt meet with ready re- sponse.
 In Birmingham all the people are asked to cooperate with the authori- ties in making the city clean and at tractiye in appearance. There is usually a good spirit in every com munity. It sometimes needs stimulat- ing, but when civic pride is once aroused great things can be accom- plished. Supervisor Taylor will find it so among the citizens of the rural sections.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-24
The Bond Issue

The voters of Birmingham should roll up an overwhelming majority for the proposed 30-year bond issue of $1 ,25O, 1000 for the citys temporary re- lief
 Many of those citizens who are now inclined to>oppose the proposition will vote in the affirmative when election day comes-April 12. There is to be short campaign of enlightenment un- der the auspices of the city commits sion, and it should have the desired l effect.
 At each public meeting to be held every man present should feel free to ask questions, and member of the commission should be, and doubtless will be, on hand to give an answer in his official capacity. AS the city's if nancial condition has been set forth so fully in the newspapers, the number of citizens ignorant of the facts and figures must be comparatively small. But some people who have read the official reports will be perhaps bit stubborn in their attitude to the main question until they have had oppor- tunity to thresh out the whole matter with a representative of the city gov ernment.
 The city's floating debt must be paid. It is bearing large interest rate and the interest is compounding. The bonds would bear only per cent, and as The Age-Herald said recently, when the bonds would mature Bir- mingham would be so large and rich that $1,250,O0O would seem a mere bagatelle.
 The bond proposition is business like. When the citizens committee of | 100-all taxpayers and all represen- tative-considered the situation, it could recommend no other method of temporary relief, for the simple req son that there was no other business like way out of the city's trouble.
 The commission has reduced muni- cipal expenses by reducing salaries and reducing the number of city em- ployes. Further retrenchment will be made if necessary to enable the city to live within it's income. If the meas ures recommended by the citizens committee for Birmingham's perma- nent relief are enacted into law, ana they probably will be, then in short time this city would be in excellent shape. It would be able to increase its police force to adequate size and make many needed improvements that are now waiting.
 In the meanwhile it is of the utmost importance to all interests that we ob. tain temporary relief.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-24
Road Supervisors Good Advice

J. R. Taylor, road supervisor for
 Jefferson county, has done good work
 during the years he has held his posi-
 tion His report on road conditions
 published in yesterdays Age-Herald
 was full of interest. And especially important was his advice to the tarm- CTS living along the roadways and to teamstcrs using the roads.
 The supervisor in travelling over the county found many ditches and pipes filled with brush and leaves. These Instructions are the result in many cases of thoughtlessness on the part of farmers who, when they trim their trees, throw the branches into the
 ditches. The supervisor asks the CO
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-24
A LARGE PROBLEM

From the Montgomery Advertiser.
 We are assured by the Birmingham
 Age-Herald that after visit to some of
 the mineworked convicts the legislative
 Investigating committee failed to per-
 ceive the horrible conditions which they had been told did exist" according to some witnesses, to that which prevails in dark est Russia. As a matter of fact, the members, while contending that the lease system is wholly wrong, admitted at the same time that the problem was one so large and so formidable and so intri- cate that the man who attempted to solve 1t on the spur of the moment would be l numbered among the most pronounced of economic blunderers."
 The members of the committee were impressed by the clean and wholesome quarters of the convicts at the mines; by | their conveniences and tho sanitary con- dipons which surround them. Every open >hlinded person who has thoroughly in spected the barracks and hospitals at the | mines has been impressed with the ex- cellent manner in which the convicts are looked after, outside of the mines. The | committee members who went down ir the mines, or at least some of them | thought that convicts should not be { worked there Again, evidence has beer introduced to show that the tasks of
 the convicts should be lighter. This should be easily remedied Certainly a study of the daily work required of the con- victs should be made Inasmuch as thou. sands of free miners of Alabama are em ployed in the mines and take readily tC | the work, we cannot see that, to the con- | vicr, work in the mines should be any
 more objectionable than work on tht | roads.
 l The convict question is broad and in l tricate question. It is not to be settled through prejudice and ignorance on tn.
 one hand, nor selfish interests on the
 other. Much of the feeling against work. ing the convicts in the mines exists in tho
 minds of people who never saw a con vict mining camp. and who know ab
 solutely nothing about their management or the surroundings. Some of the feel ing is justly due to unfair and crue treatment of the convicts, but even this fl much smaller than has been generall, charged.
 In the present condition of the stat treasury, 1t will be impossible to put tn,
 convicts on the public roads. The stat simply could not support and care fo
 them there.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-24
Combating the Boil Weevil

The late planting of cotton is the only successful method of combating the boil weevil, according to the theory of J. w. Vogler, president of cotton oil company operating at Eatonton, Ga, and the correctness of his theory has been proved.
 The Eatonton Messenger of March 19 publishes an exhaustive article by Mir. Vogler on this subject which should have wide reading through out the cotton south. MT. Vogler is a German and the thoroughness of his
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-24
The Criminal Court Appointment

q was glad to learn of the appoint ment of Judge John H. Miller, formerly of the city court, as a third judge of the criminal court of Jefferson county" said Erie Pettus.
 Judge Miller has had long expe- rience in Birmingham, and is exception ally we'll qualified to perform his new work. The criminal court has long been in need of greater facilities ;n handling it's dockets, and 1t is well that the matter has finally been set tied in this manner. This court be- lieve, Will start at its next session. be- ginning early in April with new im- petus and will succeed in making much headway in clearing away cases now pending"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-24
nusincss Conditions

Last fall every section of the cour- try felt the effects of the European war, but the west less than any" said I. F. Maxwell of Chicago. "The north west is now highly prosperous as the result of the big prices the farmers obtained for their bumper crops. Aro in other sections there has been marked improvement in business since the frs. of the year.
 "The south is not so bad off as it was when cotton was selling at C cents In fact. there has been q very decided improvement recently. If Ala bama carries out it's crop diverslfica- ton programme it will be before many years one of the richest states in the union"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-24
The Fall of Przemysl

Military experts seem to agree that the fall of the Galician fortress of Przemysl will have vital effect on the campaign in the east. That the city was regarded as of the highest importance is attested by the thou sands of men whom the Austrians spent in vain efforts to permanently relieve it.
 The siege of Przemysl cannot be compared with the irresistible attacks of the Germans on the Qualifications along the Mouse because the com- mander of the Russians, General Dimi- triff, who won fame in the Balkan wars as commander of the Bulgarian troops, was desirous of snaring as many of his men as possible. The Rus sian announcement says that Przemysl had been besieged four months. This is scarcely correct as it was thrice re- lieved by an Austrian column; but each time the Bulgarian drew his ring of steel closer around.
 The value of Przemysl lies chiefly in the fact that it leads to Cracow, the ancient Polish capital and the fore most city in Galicia, and Cracow is the gateway to Berlin" The Rus sians have but to march 125 miles and they will be in striking distance of the only bar to the richest provinces of both their enemies.
 The taking of Cracow will be much more difficult than the operations against Przemysl. To begin with it is a much larger city and the fortifi- cations are more elaborate. Cracow las a population of 100,000; Przemysl of but 50,000 The Qualifications of Cracow consist of the inner defenses and ring of outer forts embracing the seven suburbs of the city.
 Cracow is the most important stra- tegic point in the trans -Carpathian provinces. Owing to it's importance as an industrial center it is connected by double track standard gauge rail ways with Hungary, Silesia, Bohemia and Austria. With the fall of the fortress the way would be open both to Berlin and Vienna.
 In another respect will the fall of Przemysl have an effect on the war
 It will draw German forces from the north which have been blocking the Russians in East Prussia and will weaken the lines that Von Hinden- burg has so far made impregnabe The defense of Cracow is vital more to Germany than to Austria and il must be defended to the last gasp This is where the numerical superior ity of the Russians will count heavily more heavily than in field maneuvers They will have sufficient men to throw an army about Cracow. without weak ening their lines in the Carpathians ol in East Prussia.
 Germany, on the other hand, witf the necessity of sending fresh troops constantly to the western theatre tc hold in check the ever increasing French and British armies, with tn. burden of the defense of Cracow ant the steady pressure in East Prussia will face situation that will ta, even the military geniuses of Prussia