davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Norwich bulletin., 1915-10-14
Roaer Williams.

Roger williams Tv,ns born in Wales in t606.
 He was the pastor Of tho church et Salem, He did not believe in letting only church members vote and hc said that the land did not belong to the king of England, but tha* it belonged to the Indians.
 The Puritnns were afraid that if the king heard of it he would take away their. charter. They looked upon Roger Williams as a dangerous person. taint tho Puritnns werc Roing to send midwinter to tho wiIderneaa. He wan. snows. Sometimes he slept in hollow troen and sometimes he got food from tho Indians.
 Early the next summer with flvc friends from Salem, he crossed tho Narragansctt bay, looking for a new home
 Canonieus, chief of the NaTagan- setts, gave him c tract of land. Roger Williams made settlement which he called Providenee in token o1 Gods care for him during his time of |, trouble. Roger. Williams founded Providence Rhode Island. in 16s6. Providence became. refuge for all who were seeking for place to wor- ship as they. chose. Roger Williams died in Rhode Island
 BERTHA FULLER. Age 12.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04

the banks free from weeds. Tile
drains usually give more thorough
drainage. They occupy no land sur
face, and do not interfere with farm
ing operations. IL properly construct
ed they are practically permanent and
require almost no expenditure for
maintenance.
The farmer must decide the amount
of money that he can invest for drain
age. Usually it will be best to start
with that part of the farm where the
profits from drainage will be greatest
and to extend the system as more
funds are available. Often the first
work must include main or outlet for
the whole farm and, therefore. will
cost more per acre drained than fu-
ture work. II the drainage system
for the whole farm can be construct
ed at once the work can sometimes be
done at a little less sost than II it is
done a part at a time. However, the
plan of doing part at time has the
advantage of permitting the farmer
to observe the results obtained and
in the following work to make any I'M
provements that may be found expe-
dent in the plan. 1t also permits the
farmer to est nate closely whether 1t
will be profitable to invest the money
necessary for completing the drainage
system.
On rolling lands, where only occa-
sional wet spots are to be drained. the
random system Gig. - is commonly
used. On level lands needing artiti-
cial drainage a uniform system figs.
2 and 81 must be planned that will pro-
vide drains for the entire area. The
most economical arrangement of such
a system is one which permits the
use of long laterais and requires the
shortest total length of main drains.
The advantage of this arrangement is
shown graphically by figures and 3.
in which the systems drain equal
areas. The cost of purchasing and put
ting in the tile is. however, consider.
ably greater than for the system
shown in Fig. 2.
No hard and fast rule can be given
for determining the sizes of tile to be
used. Drains should be large enough
to remove the surplus water before
the crops are injured. even after q
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
its rich beauty will .act as a charming

its rich beauty will .act as a charming
foil
1t is doubtful IL there is any other
one thing in the culture Of house
plants so little understood as the
proper application of moisture.
Generally, the best way to determine
when a plant needs water is to take a
pinch of the soil and rub it between
the thumb and first finger. If dry
enough to become powdery. water
should be applied; but If it is still so
damp as to hold between the fingers.
no more water will be needed for a
time. Lilies, of course, are an excep-
ton to this rule, and in fact. almost
all kinds of bulbs.
Pansies are a desirable flower to
have. and a five-cent package will be
sufficient for one ordinarily to grow.
They want to be started indoors in
box full of rich soil, and kept in a
slightly-shaded place. &.
The dirt should be damp all the
time, to insure which it needs frequent
watering, and when the pansies are
planted out 1t is better on this account
to have the bed on the north side of
the house.
There IL given a little care, they can
be made to bloom till frost comes in
the fall.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
PLAN FOR BERMUDA PASTURE
Nothing to Prevent Doing the Work
This Winter-keep Down the
Weeds and other Vegetation.

IL the weather has been too dry or
too hot, or other work has been too
pressing. or for any other reasons
few acres could not be set in Ber
muda for a real pasture during the
summer, none of these reasons shout
prevent the work being done this
winter. Run a shallow furrow every
Is to "a inches. drop the Bermuda
sods in the burrows. and then turn
another shallow furrow on these sods
to cover them.
Next spring run a section harrow
over the burrows to smooth of the
surface. and the warm weather and
the Bermuda will do the rest-if you
will simply keep down the weeds and
other vegetation until the Bermuda
gets a good start.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04

South Atlantic and Gulf states where
the annual rainfall is approximately
so inches. only about one-half the
area named above can be drained with
tile Of these sizes.
The proper depth for tile drains de-
ponds upon the soil and varies from
to feet. In heavy silt loans and
clays the depth should be from
2 to feet. In more open soils IL
should be greater. The best dis
lance between laterals when common
farm crops are to be grown is deter.
mined by much the same conditions
that determine the proper depth. In
close, retentive soils where the drains
are placed from 2 to 3 feet deep. the
laterals should be placed from 80
to so feet apart. In open soils
that give up water readily and where
the drains are to feet deep. the
laterals may be from so to $50 feet
apart. In very porous soils the spac-
ing may be even greater.
Unless a farmer has had consider
able experience in drainage work and
knows how to run accurate levels IL
will usually be advisable for him to
employ someone to assist in planning
and laying out the drainage system
Tile should have a fall of not less than
l inch to 100 feet il possible. and
greater fall than this Is very desir
able. Where little fall can be obtained
particular care must be taken to Sc
cure a true grade and alignment for
the drain. If the land is level, the
drain must be started deep at the
outlet in order to get the fall. II
the ground surface is level for l,O0C
feet, a pinch fall to 100 feet can be
obtained by starting the drain feet
deep at the outlet and running to 3
feet inches deep at the upper end.
The special tools commonly used in
constructing tile drains are thing
spades. ordinary longhandled round
pointed shovels, a drain scoop. and a
tile hook There are several machines
for digging trenches which are profit
able on large projects. There are
also special plows and scoops which
are not expensive and may be used for
loosening the soil before II is thrown
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
Fate of Soldiers Rum.

In spite of prohibition of alcohol,
French soldiers friends sometimes in
clude small TASKS of brandy in their
parcels for the men. An order has
now been issued that any parcels sus-
pected of containing alcohol shall be
opened in the presence of the men to
whom they are addressed, and any al
cohol found shall be poured out on
the ground before them.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
Helpful Hint.

Our baby weighs eleven pounds"
confessed Proudpap, "and am almost
worn out walking the floor with him
night after night"
Him." returned old Balderson, the
bachelor. why not see IL you can
trade him to the Skinnenboneses for
their sickly baby, which understand
weighs but six pounds?"
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
EASY TO CARE FOR PALMS

Seeding date palms get their char
acter leaves the second year. The
plant develops slowly. but is easily
cared for, and In time makes a fine
plant.
A three-year-old date palm was.
through an oversight. left out for a
week during the most severe weather
last winter and when discovered the
soil in the pot was frozen solid. But
the plant made no complaint and went
right on growing when taken indoors
and thawed out.
Do not let your palms stand in the
hot sunshine, with the sides of the pot
exposed to the suns rays. The soil
will be apt to bake and injure the
roots. Give 1t a good light. but 1t does
not need sunshine.
The pot containing the palm should
be set inside of one several sizes
larger, or in jardiniere. and the
space between the two vessels should
be packed with moss or similar ma.
terial. and this may be kept wet
though water should not stand about
the roots of the plants.
Some of the moss should be laid on
the surface of the soil about the stem
Of the palm.
One Of the fastest growers and most
satisfactory palms is the Kentia Fors
teriana. 1t has fine, large. curved
leaves Of a rich. dark green, and Is
very cheerful about conditions.
Many palms may be raised from
seed II one has more time than money.
but the florists send out handsome
yearling plants for q few cents. and
they generally do well
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04

heavy rainfall in continued wet wealth.
er. II is better to use sizes too large
than too small, and no tile less than
four inches inside diameter should be-
used.
The mains should be large enough to
take the flow from the laterals. Actual
practice has shown that for the dark
silt loans of Illinois and Iowa. where
the average annual rainfall is approx.
imately SO inches. 8-inch tile having
fall of Q inches in 100 feet will provide
outlet drainage for 40 acres. finch tile
for 80 acres, 6-inch tile for 10 acres. s.
inch tile for &c acres. and finch tile
for 6 acres. On stiff soils with equal
rainfall the same sized outlets will be
adequate. but on the level soils of the
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04

out with shovels. The traction ditcher
will Gig trenches more cheaply than
hand labor in ordinary soils. but it is
not adapted for use where large stones
or many stumps are encountered.
A ditch should be started at the out
let and dug by a line. 1t must be
kept clean-cut and straight, for any
crook that occurs in the top is likely
to be greater at the bottom. Ii the
direction is changed. it should be done
by an easy curve. Sharp turns must
be avoided
The ditch need be no wider than is
necessary for the laborers to work in
conveniently, a. extra width means un.
necessary removal of earth. For a
4-foot drain with a 6-inch tile or
smaller, IL inches at the top is ample.
For deep drains or large tile more
space is required.
Digging to the graue and making the
excavating for a drain. Where there
is plenty of fall, the grade is often
made in wet seasons or on wet lands
by using the water for a level. II the
water runs from the ditcher as the
bottom is made, it indicates that
there is sufficien- fall. In ali cases the
bottom should be accurately leveled
so that no water will stand in the
ditch.
Further information upon land
drainage may be obtained on applica'
ton to the office of public Roads and
Rural Engineering.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
BEST FARM DRAINAGE
Factors to Be Considered in De.
Gliding Upon Plan.
First Determine Whether Open bitches
or Covered Tile Drains Are to Be
Constructed-Econo Ar
ranqemen. OF System.

In planning a drainage system for
the farm it is necessary to determine
first whether open -itches or covered
tile drains are to be constructed. Open
bitches are generally used when large
quantities of surface water are to be
removed or wher" land and labor are
cheap. The disadvantages of open
bitches include the large amount Of
land they occupy. their interference
with farming operations. and the high
cost of keeping the bitches clean and
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
Conscience, Not Consequence.

When you are in doubt as to the
course to take. consult your con.
science. not consequences. Do right.
and never mind how things are going
to turn out. One who steers his
course SO as to avoid everything un-
pleasant. makes a zigzag course. and
may miss the harbor at last Follow
conscience, and leave consequences to
God.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
MAKING SUCCESS WITH PIGS
There Are Very Few Farms on Which
Il 10 Not Possible to Make Good
Returns From Swine.

It has been said that in order to
make a success of pig raising. the
southern farmer must have: 1. a
place to raise and fatten pigs; 2.
pig worth raising and fattenmg: 3.
feed on which to raise and fatten It:
4. the necessary funds. This is not so
much as 1t sounds, really. and there
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
Optimistic Thought.
When 1t is dark the coward is very
valiant
Eve to the Main Chance.

On one of my shopping tours took
my neighbor's small daughter with
me. | stopped to examine some hand
bags on the counter. and showed the
child the pretty colors and ornamental
clasp. when she solemnly remarked:
"P'ease let me look inside and we II
take one WIS a mos money in it,
Exchange.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04

are very few South Carolina farms on
which 1t is not possible to make sue
cess Of pig raising. Ali who are think.
ing Of entering this profitable industry
can get bulletins on the subject by
writing the extension division. Glen
son college
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
A Setback.

Evangeline-How do you like my
new hat?
Caroline think it Is charming.
had one just like it last year.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
Its Sions,

There is one odd thing you may
have noticed about a dramatic sea.
sons twilight"
What is that?"
1T is generally full of mourning
stars"
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
Winter Care of Maehin..v

AS the machinery is being stored
for winter is good time to note de
fects and broken parts. Make a
record OF them and look after repairs
before spring.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
Soldiers Wives as "Drummers.'

A new field of endeavor has been
opened to women by the war. The
wives of several hundred German COM
merciak travellers, who are now at the
front, have taken up the work OF their
absent husbands. Almost all Of these
female "drummers" are successful and
will be employed after the war, II they
so desire.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
THE DASHEEN PLANT

BY e. VAN BENTHUYSEN.
The dasheen is the new food plant
It is a vegetable much like potato.
It is a semi-tropical vegetable rather
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04

The housefly not only gets down
earlier than the busy bee. but 1t works
| harder and stays longer.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
Function of the Hamme

'Why do you knock SO? Why are
you always using hammer"
Il do it to rivet attention, my boy
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04

Spartan Women Suffered Untold Tortures
but who wants to be Spartan? Take
"Femenina" for all female disorders.
Price SOC and $1.00.-Adv.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04

like a potato in need of a shave, be-
cause the skin is hairy. Dasheen
seed has been distributed by the ag
ricultural department. 1t can be
cooked in many ways and the taste is
very meaty and rich.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
Eoresioht for Lovers,

Never make up your mind definitely
about a girl until you try her pie first.
Baltimore American.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04

It advertises itself-Hanford's Bal
sam. Adv.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04

DR.. Pierce's Pellets are best for liver,
bowels and stomach. One little Pellet for
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04

How strange it is that only sensible
folks agree with u.s.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
Dec. 10, 1914.

Germans evacuated Roulers and
Armentieres.
French were victorious at Yer.
melIes.
Serbians took many Austrians
and large stores Of supplies.
Revolution In Union Of South
Africa declared ended.
British took 100 Turkish pris-
oners and nine guns.
German submarine raid on Do
yer was repuIsed by the forts.
Czech regiments In Austrian
army refused to fight against the
Serbians.
Military control Of South Sea
islands divided between Japan and
Britain.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
Dec. 7, 1914.

Dec. 7, 1914.
Allies In West began general of.
fensive.
BeIgians repuIsed German boat
attack along User canal.
Germans in Alsace fell back.
Russians bombarded Cracow sub
urbs and besieged fortress of Lot
zen.
Germans abandoned Zgier.
Serbians checked Austrian ad-
vance.
British steamer Charcas sunk by
German transport in Pacific.
Arrow dropped by aviator killed
Major General Won Meyer.
Ostend was set on fire by aero
plane bombs.
Bomb from German aeropIane
killed ten in Hazebrouck.
Government of Holland lent
wheat to Belgium.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
THE EUROPEAN WAR A
YEAR AGO THIS WEEK
Dec. Q. 1914.

Niles made further advances In
northern France.
Germans occupied lod. and
drove wedge into Russian center.
One of the Przemysl forts fell.
Russians shelIed Craeow at long
range.
Turks occupied keda.
Forty British and French war
vessels arrived off the DardanelIes.
Russian aviators attacked 8res.
lau forts.
French aviators attacked Fret.
burg.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
Dec. 9, 1914.

Dec. 9, 1914.
BeIgians took German trenches
on the User by a ruse.
Germans shelled Ypres and Fur
mes.
Serbians recaptured vaIjevo and
Ushirza from Austrians.
Germans lost heavily In attack
on lowicz.
Austrians defeated near era.
COW.
Turks at kurna surrendered to
Indian troops.
PoIish-American relief commit
tee formed.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
Dec. 8, 1914.

German headquarters moved from
Roulers.
Germans renewed attack on Dix.
nude.
Turks were defeated near Ba.
tum.
British squadron under vice-Ad.
miral Sturdee defeated German
squadron under Admiral Won Spec
off Falkland islands, sinking the
Scharnhorst, Gneisenau, Leipzig
and Nurnberg.
Prince Won BueIow reached
Rome as German ambassador.
Two sections of American Red
Cross left Italy for Serbia.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04
Dec. IL. 1914.

Allies In France pushed for
ward.
Germans rushed heavy guns to
Ostend.
Three German columns repuIsed
in Poland.
Austrians were defeated north
of Kesmaj and Parovnitza.
Sheik kiazim, chief Of the Shi-
ties, proclaimed holy war.
French capital moved back from
Bordeaux to Paris.
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1915-12-04

Dec. IL, 1914.
Turkish fleet bombarded Batum.
German aviator dropped shells
on Hazebrouck but was killed by
French shells.
British consul dragged from Ital.
ian consulate at Hodeida by
Turks.
American Red Cross shipped
great quantity Of hospital supplies.
Rockefeller Foundation steamer
sailed with 100000 cargo.
Allies drove Germans across the
User canal.
Serbians repuIsed Austrians at
Kosmai.
Germans occupied Przaznysz.
Lodz was evacuated by the Rus
slams.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-23
DANIEL POCOCK
CALLED BY DEATH
WELL KNOWN VETERAN OF THE
. CIVIL WAR PASSES AWAY
h VERY SUDDENLY. q Is

Daniel Finley Pocock passed away
very suddenly Sunday evening 1t his
home, $40 North Market street.
Mr.. Pocock was IL veteran Of the
civil war and was we'll known, having
for several years been in the Ottumwa
Queensware store. He had been feel.
ing slightly indisposed Sunday after
noon and about o'clock went to his
room to lie down. His wife later went
to him and when she inquired how he
felt he replied that he was feeling bet
ter. Her attention was taken to some
thing else for a minute and when she
returned again her husband had pass
ed away
The deceased was born in Hayes.
vile, Ashland county, Ohio, on Sept.
26, 1912. He was member of the
Forty-second Ohio Volunteers and was
member of Cloutman post G. A. r.,
of this city. He Is survived by his
wife, Mrs. Sarah Catherine Pocock and
three children, G. D. Pocock and r. G..
Pocock Of Galesburg, ILL.,, and Mrs.
Wilbur Johnson of Ottumwa.
Funeral announcements will be
made later.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-23
.sEvEN-YEAR-0LD
BOY RUN over.
FAIRFIELD LAD TRIES TO HOP ON
WAGoN-FALLs UNDER
THE WHEEL.

Fairfield March 22.--Leonard Mul-
kins. the seven year old son OF Mr..
and Mrs. Ray Mulkins, who reside on
the corner Of Depot and Ninth streets
died Sunday morning at 8 o'clock from
injuries received Saturday afternoon
when he fell under the wheel of a wag-
on loaded with tile which was passing
his home.
The lad was at play near his home
and seeing the wagon tried to hop on
for little ride. The driver seeing
the youngster stopped and the boy got
off but then the wagon had started
again it is supposed that he thought
he could get nagain and was trying
to get on the side when he slipped
and fell. the rear wheel passing over
his abdomen.
When he was picked up 1t was first
thought he was dead but physicians
found life and worked hard to bring
him to consciousness to no avail. He
was the only child Of Mr.. and Mrs.
Mullins and they are both Frustrated
by the terrible happening.
Funeral services will be held this
afternoon at $50 o'clock at the home
and will be conducted by Rev. w. w.
Barclay of the First Lutheran church.
Interment will take place in Evergreen
cemetery.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-23
East End Notes

Mrs. William Tull Of Emma street
was taken to the hospital for treatment
last Tuesday.
Oscar Tomlinson, an employee Of
John Morrell 4 Co., has moved to a
farm near Agency.
A. A, Lewis, secretary Of the P. HI. NJ
A. A. Frank Hathaway and George AL
ford attended court last Wednesday,
Harry Davis Of the general office was
in Chicago on company business this
week.
Mrs. Effie Mccoy of the trimming
room was called home last Monday on
account of her mothers sickness.
Billy Smith, Temperature" man at
the engine room who was sick early
this week, ia better and returned to
work Thursday.
Frank Santeen OF Kirkville, Mo-, was
in the city on a visit with relatives
over Sunday.
Contractor Frank Twedell Of River
view is doing cement work for the
company this week.
Lon Crawford Is making improve
ments on his Walnut avenue property
and is to raise chickens this summer.
william Dawson oL tne klnng ana
cutting department is building an adj
dition to his house and also enlarging
the barn on his Walnut avenue prop
erty.
Thomas Dooley. an old employe who
has been in Oskaloosa for a year past
returned home last week
Miss Cell Guilbert, who has been in
the hospital for an operation, returned
to work last Monday.
l.. c. Lightner OF the government SER
vice, who has been in Blandinsville.
ILL.,, visiting his brother William Light
ner, returned to his duties last Wed
nesday. The Morrell packing house
closed down at 4 o'clock last Monday
afternoon on account Of the election.