davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1915-12-10
HARVARD ADDS
MILITARY Drill
TO curriculum
Twelve Hundred Students Ans
Wer First Call in New
Elective Course
LAssociated Press by Federal Wirelessl

tAssociated Press by Federal Wirelessl
CAMBRIDGE. Mass. Dec, 10.--A
course in military training has been
added TO the Harvard University cur
riculun and the FIRST call for candi-
dates for the drill classes was re-
sponded to yesterday, when 1900 Of
the students came forward and an
nounced their readiness to take the
elective course.
These candidates will be divided in.
to companies and lectures and prac-
tical instruction viii be given them.
Maj-gen. Leonard Wood, Captain Do
rey and other regular army officers to
be the instructors.
A student committee, headed by
Archie Roosevelt. son Of Theodore
Roosevelt, issued the call for volun-
teers for the drill classes.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1915-12-10
DREADNOUGHT
!. SEAWASPSNO
WANTED BY U. S.
Daniels Calls For Bids on 1900
Ton Submersibles of 25-
Knot Speed
Associated Press by Federal WIrelesaI

ASSOCIATED Press by Federal Wirelesal
WASHINGTON, d. G.. Dec. 10.-The
United States win build no more small
submarines. either for coast defense or
cruising, while the smaller submersl-
bles now on the navy list win be
scrapped as soon as Il II possible TO
replace them with the new design
adopted.
This was the official lntimation CIV
en- yesterday. when Secretary Daniels
announced that he was ready TO re-
ceive bids on two 96-knot submarines.
the bids to be opened on February l6.
which. as in the case OF the Is other
submarines included In President VII
sons preparedness program. are to
be Of 1890 tons. with length Of $50
feet. ST.
Il Is possible that these submarines
viii be equipped with steam turbine
engines for surface steaming.
The largest submarines At present
on the navy list are only . few tons
larger than half the size Of the new
type OF submarine to be built. being
Of 40 tons submerged displacement.
Secretary Daniels also announced
yesterday that he had awarded the
contracts for the building Of the bat
tleships No. 43 and No. A on the
naval program. the contracts going 70
the Norfolk navy yard and 70 the Mare
Island navy yard respectively. The
bid Of the Norfolk yard was $3.50. 925,
the Mare Island bid for its battIeship
contract being s7.41S,156.
The bids for the private yards n
every instance exceeded the Limit
placed upon the work BY Congress.
The keels for the new battleships
viii be laid. probably. In August o.
September.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1915-12-10
TERM OF BRITISH PARLIAMENT
MAY BE PROLONGED

LONDON, Eng, December 10. - A
bill to continue the life Of the present
parliament beyond the term of FIVE
years, in order that there may be a
postponement of any general election
until after the close of the war, was
introduced yesterday into the house of
commons and will undoubtedly be
passed. The bill extends the present
parliament until January 81, 1917,
which gives a period of thirteen
months during which to bring the war
to close. 1...-' "...... .. =. .
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1915-12-10
STATE DEPARTMENT
OUTLINES BASIS FOR
NOTE TO AUSTRIA
Associated Press by Federal wireIessl

Associated Press by Federal Wireless
WASHINGTON, d. c., Dec. 10.-It
was announced at the state depart
ment yesterday that the main basis
of the American protest and demands
in the note recently despatched to
Vienna in connection with the Smelling
and torpedoing Of the Italian passen.
ger liner Ancona, Is In the admission
officially made by the Austrian ad.
miraity that the liner was torpedoed
before all the passengers had been
taken off.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1915-12-10

Special orders directing the transfer
of Sergt. Charles Padgett, Battery E,
Srd Field Artillery, to the Headquar-
tiers, LIST Field Artillery, are amended
so as to direct the transfer of Sergt
Benjamin o. Cliff, Battery E, Bird
Field Artillery. "
The designation and address Of the
ordnance depot in Hawaii known as
the Ordnance Supply Depot, Fort Ka-
mehameha, Hawaii, is changed to Ha-
waiian Ordnance Depot, Honolulu, Ia
wall. ...... H.. 81.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1915-12-10
SLAvs PROGRESS IN
PERSIAN CAMPAIGN

LONDON, Eng, December 10.-De-
spatches from Teheran. Persia, say
that Russian army is advancing to-
wards .Hamadan, Northern Persia,
having met and defeated a force of
100 Turks and Germans and captur-
ed the Turco-German positions near
Aveh. -. ~. .. .
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1915-12-10
GERMANS N CHINESE AMY.

PETRoGRAD, Russia. The asser-
ton IL made by the Picking corres-
pendent Of the Novoe Vremya that
German and Austrian officers are now
being employed In the Chinese army,
and particularly IN the arsenals.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1915-12-10
T, ATKINS GETS MILLION
III: ..@ CHRISTMAS PUDDlNGS

LONDON, Eng.-One million Christ
mas plum puddings are being turned
out by one of London's biggest whole
sale bakeries for the soldiers at the
front. Already $4,000 puddings have
been made. packed and sent away.
Money for the buildings is pouring in
TO one of the Christmas funds.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1915-12-10

The largest two direct current dy-
names ever built have been completed
In Germany, each with capacity of
about $4,000 sixteen candle power
lamps
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1915-12-10
LONDON BANK EARLIER CLOSING

LONDON, Eng.-It was officially an.
nounced that the Bank of England
will hereafter close at p. m. instead
Of 4 p. m.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1915-12-10

Regular mail communication with
Mexico City has been restored.
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1915-12-10

Some people think that keeping out of
Jail is an achievement.-tE. w Howe.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1915-01-09

breathe. cough or sneere they spray out the
germs all about them
The pneumoeoccus Is the cause Of many
diseases besides pneumonia II is the cause Of
obstinate colds. meningitis. sinus Assesses Of
the nasal passages. Assesses that cause Der.
torauon OF the eardrum. and other troubles
When the germ Is blown into the eye u some
times produces an Inflammation that may
cause blindnessL
or course you know that this is the season
when pneumonia begins TO Increase"
Can You prove that subway overcrovdinr 4,
the cause OF many cases Of pneumoniar' asked
the interviewer.
We can prove II very clearly on general
grounds said Commissioner Goldwatsr 1T
would not help much to prove that such and
such person traced his pneumonia TO a ride
IN the subway. because that would not show
the enormous number that get the di.eas. IN
mat way have shown that practically every.
body Is spraying out the germs Tho death
rate from respiratory diseases Is stationary
With our improvements IN treatment In many
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1915-01-09

directions It should show a decrease. and We
must believe that such conditions as the sub
way are responsible for keeping It up. Lobar
and bronchial pneumonia caused 10000 out Of
$4,000 deaths in New York In the last recorded
year. II stood higher as a cause OF death than
tuberculosis, which was responsible for $500
deaths"
Has the Health Department taken specimens
OF subway air to prove the quantity and kind
Of dangerous disease germs that are present IL
Il at various times?'
Yes" said the commissioner. "our own
laboratories and others have caught specimens
OF subway air and counted the germs in them
out they DID not realize the practicability and
importance of catching the spray of infection
Just as II flies from the mouth OF a person
These specimens have nearly all been taken
AZ stations. or In more or less empty cars. They
DO not show the full infections to which you
are exposed. We are now remedying this omis.
sion. and tie Department is catching specimens
Of the most deadly germ streams In the cars
Dr. George A. SOper. the civil engineer whom
Just mentioned. published an interesting work
called Air and Ventilation OF subways,' I'm
which he gives the results OF an exhaustive
series OF experiments in this subject. Dr. soper
publishes Interesting tables showing exactly
how the proportion OF carbon dioxide in the sub
way varies with the amount OF tra1ic His OBJ
serVatons. however. we're mostly made at the
stations doubtless on account Of the difficulty
Of making them in cars
DIR. soper does not specify the kinds OF bao
terra he found in subway air. but II is evident
That the pneumococcus was among them. He
mentions special studies which he made OF the
length Of life Of tie pneumococcus in the sub
way. The pneumOcoccus was found capable u
retaining its virulence In dried sputum in tho
subway for twenty-three hours. This IL 40
marked contrast TO the findings OF others who
have reported that the pneumococcus was killed
in sunlight Ca four hours
The average Numbers OF bacteria which set
tied from tho air IN fifteen minutes we're In the
subway. 500. outside. 1851
The average number Of bacteria found bv
Offering the air was 1900 per cubic meter IN
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1915-01-09

DOT pretend 20 be learned 20 political economy.
but be thought mat be knew enough 10 know
That when an American paid $50 for steel 20
an English manufacture. America had the
steel and ENGLAND had the $50 But when he
paid 80 Tor the steel 90 an American manu-.
$50"
In a later Issue October 2sl ~ the Ameri.
can economist % that same year IL is stated
that another newspaper. the Peoria Journal
protested mat the goods aud money" speech
vas made a. kowauce; while stili anothe-
newspaper. the Chicago Record pointed out
mat this version VAS not az an In accord with
Herndons report % LincOlns FIRST speech.
Mf Matteson reports that Howard appeared
on The maps until about lg02. since hen n vi.
'aFe NJ tho same spot a more junction point
apparently named Lotus" on tho map q
o. To- the northwest corner Of Champaign
county. forty miles from LIncoln's carly home
40 New Salem. Mr. Naurson adds. % am
forced 10 tho conclusion that The Howard In.
dependent is a myth. or az least a misprint
The Postmaster a. Lotus writes me that no
7r'r bee ever been printed there. aud there
On
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1915-01-09

been able % discover. with which ne name
Howard IL associated No Howard Independent
vas published elrewhsre In the United states
according 10 the newspaper directories OF 1891
losi-ib95. and the last issue"
me urst appearance for express campaign
use appears 70 De In 1904. The phrase Is 10 he
found IN the Republican Campaign BOOK 81
lhet year. In earlier campaign bOoks-fof
ls9l 1925. ieOO-t does not appear. ALTHOUGH
IN that Of 1890 Lincoln Is cited as an advocate
~ protection Evidently the phrase was NOT
widely known during these earlier years In
we .ampaign Book 81 1905" there u an eE
ended quotation from Llncoin's tarfH notes Of
'efb4i, and hen az the close We End.
On another occasion Mr.. Lincoln "a ouotet
- saying; 7 an not posted on the tariT blt
! know that N ] give my wife twenty dollars
20 buy cloak and she buys one made In free
race Ehgldnd We have the cloak but Sos.
ltud mas The twenty dollars while m sha bYvs
p CLOAK made 10 the protected United States
We nave the cloak and tho twenty doiIars'"
Here. 70 VIII be observed. "a cloak appesr,
10 speech By McClearv. OF Minnesota. In The
Houso of Representatives. April 22 1904 .,
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1915-01-09

The Health Department has very Erea,
powers. but ~e realize that We cannot interfere
With popular convenience. We do not feel ws
ean 20 down into the subway and say, You
may 60 into this car until there are Just enough
people TO al every seat. and not one more
That 10 wat they do In Europe. but the Ameri-
can desire TO get somewhere Is so strong that
We might raise . riot All we can DO is to de-
nAnd that the condition should be relieved
when II is entirely practicable to do So
1t 10 not logical that the Health Department
should pursue the individual citizen and forbid
him to spit on the door of a ear wnen no public
official raises bis hand TO prevent ann spraying
into his neighbor's face at close range the very
bacteria which are forbidden TO be distributed
on the floor of car"
viii you please explain simply doctor iust
WHY the danger OF disease infection Is so much
greater In an overerowded car than In an ord.
nary carr"
The reason is that the infection carried In
moist. warm breath from one person 10 another
few inches away is infinitely the most dan
Eerous Kind of Infection" replied COMMITS.
sioner Goldwater That. OF course il the kind
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1915-01-09
= What Lincoln Never Said About the Tariff

facturer. America had both the steel and
the $50"
This obviously IL an anachronism. since such
a thing as a steel rail was unknown 20 Lin.
coins time
No reference Is given By Curtiss 10 Lincoln's
writings. nor is such = reference given On any
place where have found the phrase quoted A
careful examination Of the various editions Of
Lincolns published works brings 10 light moth.
ing that remotely resembles o. There ls moth.
ing TO- either % ihc two editions % bis writings
put together BY NiColay and Hay. nor De- there
anything IN the sO-cailod Federal Edition
Nicolay and Hays Life" yields nothing OF the
s0rt. nor any of the bioEraphles So with Lin.
coins 'speeohes In Congress" and bis mes.
sagos 90 Congress-
Nov. what ls the history ~ the phrnses
The very hrst mention which we have found
Ia 1924. In the American Economist a
weekly protcctonist sheet published In New
York To that periodical FOR June % 1894 the
following o. given az having been copied from
fie Independent Of Howard. Illinois Of June
fsDt.
'LIucoln's nrst speech or mo faHT qr-afia-
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1915-01-09

zen, Of those not affected THIS shows how
Inevitable u L. that many persons must be
walking about with this germ
The Influenza grip germ r. even more
widely distributed and Is the OF very
serious diseases. or. Lord. Of Boston. found
that 90 per cent OF persons with an ordinary
cough in q non-epidemic period had the Tn
huenza germ In their nasal passages. Or Holt
The ehildreh's specialist. obtained the influenza
germ In sixteen out OF forty eight healthy per,
sons Or. Wollstein found the Influenza germ
IN sixteen out OF thirty-seven eGsss OF pneu.
monia and eleven out OF thirty-tor cases OF
bronchitis
Influenza - dangerous In Itself and makes
the sufferer more subject 20 the attacks of
other diseases In Infancy and old age Il Il
likely TO be fatal
The meningitis germ is another that is ver-
widely scattered among the general popula
ton Or. Charles r. Bolduan. OF this depart
ment, found the meningitis germ In 10 per
cent Of l50 persons Who had been IN contact
with sufferers. and In two out OF afty-ave mad,
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1915-01-09

sum of $50 It may be that the campalra
book version Of 1904 was taken from Nc.
tleary's speech
~ tylo the phrase appears conspicuously In
a booklet entitled story Of a Tarin /" publisbss
~ the American Protective Tariff League. tbs
oIEahi<ation which publishes the Americar
economist also This booklet lauds the fariT
OF isOs as the best tariff bill (sicl the re-
publican party ever passed" and gives ous,
IVY oi extracts from speeches on that measure
on the inside cover page there is p-intod a.,
large type "Lincolns Tarin Creed. i" hi tbess
words. o" '"'se
Secretary stanton once asked Ab-,b,-,
..lncoih what he thought OF profecffts
lNlu' Mr. Lincoln replied I don't know
nuon ABOUT me Tarif but ! DO know that n
my VIE buys her cloak On America We ret ~
money quo me cloak and thar American iabo,
~ PAID Tor producing 80: ~ she buys bcr cfo,s
abroad. 90 rot only Che cloak the otber co,,r,-~
sets tne money, and foreign labor receives tbs
q win be observed that this 4, son.,b.. -.
I.n,u. american labor and foreign labor a..
-"'ff.ei On. and not only IL the Vie me-
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1915-01-09
These Picture. Are from The Air and VI.

OF Infection TO which you are exposed when
you are squeezed face 10 face with another
person in the subway. This is often called
'droplet' or spray infection
Professor Fluegge, OF Breslau in 1890 first
showed that the great majority OF cases Of
tuberculosis were due to spray infection COM
ing directly from the mouth Of a diseased per.
son. The moist. warm spray coming from the
mouth OF tuberculous person is loaded with
germs TO enormous degree and all in the
highest state OF virulence. The closer you are
20 a person the heavier is the load Of infec-
ton. and therefore the greater the risk Of in.
lection. Hence the extreme danger OF being
crowded against a tuberculous sufferer in the
subway.
Previously medical men laid much stress
on the risk OF infection from germs that fell to
the ground and dried and were then blown
about by the wind But we have now found
that many deadly germs lose their viruIence
and even die soon after they fall TO the ground
and dry up. Medical research has proved
more and more that the most dangerous cause
OF Infection In many diseases in by the spray
method. That is why the health department Of
every great city must consider overcrowding
In cars as one OF the most serious forms OF dis
ease distribution"
Can you prove that dangerous germs are
present in large quantities in subway ARR"
"oh. yes" said the commissioner with conn.
dence. Examinations OF the subway air con-
Quoted by Dr. william H. Park. director OF our
meteorological laboratories. and also by
George SOper. the well-known engineer. have
demonstrated the presence OF vast quantities
Of germs. but We can measure the danger even
better I'm other ways.
The greatest danger Of all lies In the dis
semination OF the pneumonia germ. InyestiRa
lions BY the Health Department have shown
that the pneumonia germ. the pneumococcus
IL present In the threats Of 30 per cent OF per.
sons OF all classes. whether suffering from
pneumonia or not II IL hardly necessary to
say that this proportion Is we'll represented
among the citizens you meet In the subway
Ihese' hgures show that nine out OF every ten
persons you end riding there have this germ
In the mouths. noses or throats. When they
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1915-01-09
the subway and $500 on the street.

the subway and $500 on the streets
DR.. soper noted that the proprietary disin-
sectantx used In the toilet rooms had no serml
cidal OF deodorizing value Furthermore they
produced counter odors Of a peculiarly unpless
ant character
In his summary OF results ne shows thar
the numbers Of bacteria recovered from the
dust of the subway averaged 500 600 per gram
The largest number OF bacteria found By
Dr. Soper In subway dust was 100000 per
gram. sim greater numbers. he believes could
have been found by collecting specimens %
dust with this object
His comparisons with numbers o; bacteria
found in other places are Interesting Dust in
a Broadway theatre contained 10000 bacteria
per gram: In a new and fashionable MOTEL.
$4,000 bacteria: In a well-known Fifth avenue
church 100000 bacteria. In tall ofic. building
$4,000 bacteria. and In the attic % a country
house one hundred and atty years old. 10000
bacteria
Even this investigator Who was al one
time retained by the fnterborough Rapid
Transit Company. says; 1t Is practically Ger.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1915-01-09

tain when great crowds packed together. as
they OFTEN were in some stations and most cars.
that dangerous bacteria are at least occasion.
ally transmitted from person TO person An
OBVIOUS feature OF this danger lies in the fact
that people talk, cough and sneeze into one
enothers faces al extremely short range uLder
such circumstances
Soper also made a study Of the smells in
the subway. which he found TO be very mum.
erous and powerful lie says 'odors of prac.
ucally every character connected With human
existence were noticeable. When people are
crowded so closely together that their breath
and other body odors offensive. there is
always danger that disease may be trans
mitted from one to another"
What are the other principal diseases be
sides pneumonia disseminated by overcrowding
OF cars, Commissioner"
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1915-01-09
How We Are Forced
Into Contact with tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis is one OF them" replied the
commissioner. we know that there are at
least 10000 persons walking about New York
suffering from tuberculosis and we know that a
certain proportion OF them must be riding in
the subway. The Health Department register
this year showed SO.222 suffering from the dis
ease. OF whom about 21.OOO we're up and about
In addition. there must be at least 10000 suf.
ferers not registered.
or course a great many persons carry The
tuberculosis germ in whom the disease has not
yet been recognized. Dr. Jones, OF New York
by inoculating the nasal mucus from ordinary
persons found tubercle bacillI IN eleven cases
out OF thirtyone. but this seems too high a per
centage. Dr. Straus found the bacilli In nine
out Of tWentynine nurses and non-sufferers In
tuberculosis ward. showing how widely and
quickly the germs are scattered
'Diphtheria is another disease which We
must regard as liable 10 be spread BY car
erowding. We have found the diphtboria
bacillus IN per cent Of healthy school chill
dren and In 10 per cent Of those not attacked
after IN epidemic had occurred In their
school In families where a case has o..
CURED the bacillus has been found In IL mar
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1915-01-09
By Professor ? ". TAUssIG
IN the Journal Of eeonomIesJ

wv WV seAfNAi oF EeoUofNieaI
THOSE who have followed the Campaign
literature on the tariff during recent
years will have become familiar with a
2nrnse attributed 20 Abraham Lincoln The
following version a. taken from Curtisss In.
dustrial Development Of Nations ia which are
coliscted indiscriminately al sorts OF protec.
ZIONIST arguments. Under q portrait Of Lincoln
lnis f. printed:
! DO not know much about the tariff. bu,
sDoN THE much. When We buy Manufactured
goods abroad We get the goods and the FOR
signsr gsts the money When We buy The
manufactured goods AZ home we get both The
goods snd the money"
Elsewhere 90 he book the version is DO
somewhat different form. Abraham Lincoln
said: When en- American paid $50 Tor steel
rails % an English manufacturer. America had
tie steel and England had ths $50 Eu' who.
re 1sd go '.r OBJ" steel f. sr N.rr-II.r ...r.