davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-25
What the Bomber" Does,

The bornber-they used to call them
bombardiers and grenadiers in the
good old days when they wore bear
skin caps-and the wire cutter face a
different problem. The hand bomb is
the most efficient weapon in trench
work today. 1t is the bomber's job to
run forward and throw an armful of
bombs, one after another. in the other
fellows trench. His mates follow on
his heels and clean out the enemies
that are left The enemy pays more
rifle attention to the bomber than to
any one else. Therefore the mortality
among bombardiers is very high, in
deed
The wire cutters case is even worse.
He must go in front of the grenadier
and cut the wires to let his comrades
through. If he could keep on running
he might have some chance. But when
he gets to the entanglements he must
stop and moil over them with his nip
pers. Wires made of vanadium steel
and thick as your little finger are hard
enough to break through in work.
shop The man standing there with
the nippers is fired at by an enraged
enemy al a distance of from ten to
thirty yards. Wire entanglements are
crosses of honor prove it. But the wire
cutters chance is e!oquently told in
the orders he gets before he leaves the
trench:
you-"try to fall with your body on the
wires to hold them down, SO We can
get across
So the bomber and the wire cutter
are to be protected by armor. The
bomber must have something that he
can run in and that will protect him
from most bullets. so that he can get
as near the other trench as possible.
This is working out in armor some
thing like that Richard Cpur de Lion
proba ably wore. The bombers, poor
devils, will look a good deal like two
legged dreadnaughts as they clink
heavily across the open space between
the trenches One school of armorial
thought maintains that if a bomber is
hat upon a bulletproof headpiece by a
rifle bullet the shock will knock him
down and out and probably break his
neck. On the other hand, it is urged,
proper suit of armor will protect him
from minor injuries. CHANGING wounds
and the like, which otherwise interfere
With the complete accomplishment of
his task. Both schools agree that if
the bomber Were to be hit in the head
by a bullet he would be dead. anyhow.
1t seems better for him to run the risk
OF broken neck.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-25
WARRIORS IN ARMOR
COMPETE IN EUROPE
Conditions Said to Force the
Use of Ancient Equipment
in Modern Combat.
FRENCH DISCARD RIFLES,
FIGHT WITH LONG KNIVES
Elem at Portfolios in Trenches to Be
Supplied With Helmets and
Steel Shields.
BY HERBERT COREY.
Copyright, 1879

p,D1c T,- ~ NIar, ar. fpbtippr in
'"4S II
ernor now upon the western lihe
Caesars DICTIONARIES did the same
thing perbaps upon the same field.
r-l -, ..o1,4i,. ,,rder certsin
conditions discard the rlne ana oaa o'et
and go ut their enemies with long
knives Caesars fighters carried short
s,,o,1e TIL, r.,so, u.os identical
-, .,,..
Inc Killers wish |" get nearer 'he''
enemy. Sometimes the Germans OF
1915 advance four in Il group, carryin z
convey steel shield before them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-25

citation. Among the speakers were kiyo
Sue Inui, secretary of the Japan So
ciety of America, San Francisco. Ed
ucation of japanese in America:
Frank Crone, director bureau of edu-
ton, Manila. P. l., Americas Work in
the Philippine Islands: Sidney l.. Gu
lick, lecturer Imperial University, kyo-
to, Japan, Education in Japan; David
B. Johnson. president of the Winthrop
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-25

receiving military instruction, would
not be discontinued when the present
volunteers will have completed their
course in the elements of military
training. The life of the camp, Gen.
Wood stated. had been extended to Oc-
tober Z. Another group of men, he said.
would occupy the camp beginning Sep.
TENDER 3.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-25

Normal and Industrial College. Rock
Hill, S. c., and newly elected president
of the National Education Association.
Agriculture Education in Normal
Schools: Cora Wilson Stewart, Frank
fort. Ky, illumination of Illiteracy,"
and Thomas NJ Ballet, dean of the
school of pedagogy, New York Univer-
sity, Sex Morality and Sex Hygiene
as the Aim of Sex Education"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-25

ment the ball opens, and he is killed
outright or stunned and suffocated.
Perhaps he is merely annoyed and digs
himself out later, very flushed and
dirty. Whatever may be the death rec
ords of the men injured it is possible
to speak with more precision:
Hospital records show that head
wounds represent 1888 per cent of all
wounds" it was said in paper read
before the Paris Academy of Medicine.
Because of infection resulting from
dirt being carried into the wound from
the hair, etc, the mortality oscillates
between Is and 81 per cent"
The French have experiments with two
forms of head projections. One is a
mere skullcap. oddly like the little
calottes the priests wear in Roman Cath
goes Another is a battle helmet with
a brm which is picturesque but quite
unsatisfactory. 1t is likely the form to
be ultimately adopted will completely
cover the head and face except for an
eyeslit. and will have an extension for
the throat and neck, SO devised that the
weight will rest upon the shoulders
ra Their than upon the top of the head.
This helmet will weigh about fourteen
pounds. and is to be painted light blue
to harmonic with the French uniform.
Il examined fifty-five cases of head
wounds" said pr Devaigne in the
Lancet, ''of which forty-two wore no
helmet Of these twenty three suffered
fractures of the skull and rost of them
died. The other nineteen susta ned
scalp wounds only. OF the thirteen he'll
meted men none died. not one had Il
skull fracture. five suffered only from
scratches and eight had cerebral shock"
Bullet-Proof Cuirasses.
The weight of armor would be a
serious disadvantage if it were proposed
that the men march in it. That is no
part of the present plan, however. a
man husky enough to carry the service
kit of sixty pounds is presumably able
To stand at portfolio for a few hours
q day wearing a fourteenpound helmet.
very serv cea bile half armor which has
been devised for wear where hand-to-
hand conflict is anticipated only weighs
thirty pounds. At present there is no
intention of providing this arnor. Many
French German and Italian officers have
bought cuirasses at their own expense.
l have seen cuirasses of this sort which
turned q Browning bullet at ten yards,
The cost is rather high, ranging from
so to $50 francs
Experts say that armor would not
have been abandoned if the craft of the
armorer had kept pace with that of
the gunsmith. Whereas the penetra-
tive and shocking power of saltpeter
increased constantly, however, the ar
NOR made in the seventeenth century
was much heavier than that of the four
teenth century. but by no means equal
to it in temper and resisting strength.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-25
MORE BUSINESS MEN TO TRAIN.
Plattsburg, N. Y, Military Camp to
STAY Open Until October z.

NEW YORK. August 25.-Maj. Gen.
Leonard Wood. commanding the De-
partment of the East. announces that
the camp at Plattsburg, y. Y. where
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-25
Penalty of Curiosity.

All was quiet when we came.' said
he The men were lying behind their
little shelters. From a short distance
You could not even see the line. Then
the Germans threw a shell. and every
man stuck his head from behind his
shelter like so many prairie dogs The
man i'll the next shelter to mine was
shot through the head"
All safety is comparative in the
trenches, of course. If the artillery
opens and shrapnel breaks directly
overhead the soldier isn't safe. If the
enemy uses high explosives, and the
big shells explode within ten yards of
him, he is probably dead. The concus-
sion caves iii the walls of his dugout,
TO which he has been ordered the mo-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-25
Outlines the Requirements.
Educational Meth

description of educational meth
DDS employed in many parts OF the
world was given by speakers in today
program for the teachers who are at
tending the convention of the asso-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-25
QUALITIES REQUIRED
BY COLLEGE HEADS
David Starr Jordan Says Institution
Presidents Need More Than
Scholarship.

OAKLAND. Cal, August e5.--Collese
presidents. if they are to be successful,
must have other talents than scholar
ship, according to David Starr Jor-
dan, chancellor of Stanford University
who last night outlined the require
ments of a college president in an ad-
dress before the National Education AS
ISOLATION.
Outlines the Requirements.
Some of the requirements for the po-
sition, he stated. are:
He must not tell all he knows about
those around him.
He must not do anything he can hire
some one else TO do.
He must be neither too chubby" nor
too convivial.
He must be a scholar to he extent
that he knows truth from untruth-
He must ''fiN It 50 tnat his board OF
trustees can only lndorse Or rejec- mis-
recommendations.
He must not pass the buck" to the
trustees.
lie must not smoke.
Educational Methods Described.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-25
German Shield Covers Four,

different form of protection is
favored for the wire cutters. In their
case the essential thing is to get to
the wire and then cut the wire. At
present it appears that shield is
favored for the wire cutter. rather
than complete armor. The japanese
tried this first at the siege of Port Ar
thur, when they sent engineers for
ward with a sort of steel shield strap
ped to the front of their bodies. The
Germans improved upon it last winter
by devising a four-man shield. to be
carried by the first and fourth man
The second and third men walk behind
the shield, and fire out of the portfolio
provided or cut the wires, as the case
may be. The French have tried a some
what similar shield. 1t is reported the
English are also at work upon shield
on the order of a twowheeled Shield
devised, it Is said, in America. Our
general staff is said to have expert
meuted with it.
'Five-sixths of the men killed in the
trenches are shot through the head"
said British y. :. o, recently return
ed from the fighting in Flanders.
This probably is guesswork. They
q" not hold poSt-mortems at the front
The poor chaps who die must be es-
ttemed lucky if they get burial. But
there is no question that an undue pro-
portion OF trench deaths are from head
wounds. During the greater part of
the time the fighting along the whole
battle line is mere shipping. One man
in Il portfolio laboriously pops away at
the man in the other portfolio. The
men III the trenches are quite safe if
they do not yield to curiosity. That
leads to a little story. A man of
neutral nation recently visited the
fighting in Flanders.
The Dickinson press., 1915-12-11
CORN RULES,

I. Pick seed corn before October
let, saving at least twice as much 40
will be needed.
z Select only ears that will ripen
and that are of good quality.
8. Select from strong, vigorous
stalks, ears that bend over at medium
height on medium length shanks.
q. Hang seed corn In a dry, we'll
ventilated place, 80 that tho ears do
not touch.
s. Select seed corr from your W
field.
6. IL you must buy seed corn, buy
In your own locality.
2. In the spring, select the best
ears and test each ear.
8. Select 100 Of the choicest Of
these ears and plant In a separate
plot to select from next year.
The Dickinson press., 1915-12-11
Immature Corn Freezes.

Corn put into the crib in the fall
in a sappy condition freezes and
thaws repeatedly through the winter.
In March and April when the weather
warns up, it will be found that the
hearts Of the kernels have turned to
q cheesy color and later become black
and are strong to the taste. In this
last case l have reference not to soft,
immature corn, but to what would be
considered al very good corn except
that It is large and contains consider
able water.
The Dickinson press., 1915-12-11

BY PROF. p. G. HOLDEN, Director
Agricultural Department Interna.
tional Harvester Co. Of New Jersey.
A good sized ear is essential to a
good yield. 1t indicates that the ear
comes from a strong, vigorous, healthy
stalk and that in turn it will produce
stalks and ears having a strong con-
stitution and hardness. No n would
think of selecting for seed small,
weak, p~uny-looking ears. Corn has
been bred for the grain or ear until
the proportion Of corn to stalk is abb
normally high and consequently the
tendency is for the ear to become
smaller unless we select larger ears
than we expect in the average of the
crop.
Select Medium Sized Fare.
On the other hand, the greater dan
ger lies In selecting too large ears
and too large types Of corn, and this is
especially true of the northern half of
the corn belt. For every dollar lost
by growing corn that is too small or
too early there are ten to twenty dol
lars lost from growing corn that is too
large and too late in maturing. If the
season is late and cold, or the frosts
come too early, or If the seed is plant
ed lated in the spring, the grower has
a lot of soft, chaffy, moldy, light corn.
In addition to this it is very difficult
to secure good seed from such corn
for next years crop. 1t is certain to
be more or less frozen, moldy and
weak, and to result in a poor stand
and a poor crop Large, sappy, i'm
mature ars fill the wagon-box rapidly.
and We deceive ourselves into think
Ing that we are getting a large yield.
Corn of this kind often contains from
IS to As per cent of water. When the
corn dries it is loose on the cob, chaffy
and light. The little cells In the kerr
nels are only partially filled with food
and are dull and chalky, or starchy,
instead of bright, hard, heavy and
rich in appearance.
The corn is apt to spoil. especially
In the bottom of the crib, /. g., burns
out, and it is unpalatable to stock. The
grower Of such orr is required to sell
at a greatly reduced price. What we
want is corn that will be safe every
year. Remember that two small ears
weighing but ten unces each, to each
hill will make Ga bushels per acre, or
double the average yield. Three of
them will give nearly 100 bushels per
acre.
This indicates full maturity, good
quality, feeding value and yield.
Large ears will generally have larg.
or and deeper kernels. Short, bunchy
ears are certain to have deeper ker-
nels than long, slim ears. AS a con-
sequence the planter cannot be ad.
justed to give a uniform drop.
If we have large and small ears,
bunchy and slim ears, deep kerneled
and shallow kerneled ears we shall
not only have unevenness in size and
shape Of kernels, but We shall also
have a great variation in time of ma
turity, some stalks bearing early and
some late, and some having high ears
and some low.
The Dickinson press., 1915-12-11

When You Gather Seed Corn, Study
the Root System, Foliage, Stalk
Husk and Tassel-PIck Ears Of Me
dunn Hight on Stalk With shor,
Shank.
The Dickinson press., 1915-12-11
HOW TO SELECT
SEED CORN
When Harvesting Seed Corn
Choose Medium Sized Ears
From Strong, Vigorous
Stalks.
GATHER IT FROM The FIELD

There Is Danger Of Selecting Ears Too
Iarge-If the Season 10 Late and
Cold or Frosts Come Early We
VIII Have a Lot Of Soft, Chaffy,
MoIdy Light Corn From Which to
Get Seed for Our Next Years Crop.
The Elbert County tribune., 1915-05-28

Rome. May 25.-The italian minis
ters of war and marine have declared
a state of war in the provinces OF
Sandriow. Brescia, Verona. Vicensa.
Belluno, Undine, Venezia, Treviso,
Padua. Mantua and Ferrara, and the
islands and communes on the Adri.
attic coast, as well as all fortresses
which may be declared in a state of
resistance
The order followed invasions OF
northern Italian provinces by Austrian
troops. Italian Alpine troops are pur-
suing thousands of Austrians who
crossed the border of Trentino into
Italy, according to dispatches from the
front. The first blood was shed Sat
urday before the formal declaration of
hostilties in Rome to protect north
ern Italian provinces from invasion
by troops of the dual monarchy.
The Italian consul at Munich has
been ordered to return to Rome. and
throughout the three countries the re-
spective nationals are packing up their
belongings in anticipation of final
and official rupture. 1t is not expect
have any immediate effect on the bat
ties now in progress but it would be
likely to influence the action of the
Balkan States which have been await
ing Italy's decision.
Rumania, it is reported, has re-
ceived assurances from Bulgaria that
II Rumania decides to join the allies
and go to the assistance of Russia by
an invasion of Transylvania, Bulgaria
will not attack her, and that, in fact.
Bulgaria herself is considering the
possibility of taking similar action al
though her attack would be directed
against Turkey.
Greece also is interested in the de-
velopment and her efforts If she
should decide to join the allies would
be directed to the Dardanelles and
Asia Minor.
The Elbert County tribune., 1915-05-28
DECIDES COLONEL TOLD TRUTH.
Jury Oeliberated Forty-two Hours in
Roosevelt-Barnes Libel Suit.

Syracuse, N. Y.-Twelve men chosen
as a jury to determine whether Theo-
dore Roosevelt libeled William Barnes
when he charged that he worked
through corrupt alliance between
crooked business and crooked poll
tics" and that he was "corruptly al
lied with Charles f. Murphy of Tam
many Hail." returned verdict in ia
vor of the former President. In the
belief of the jury. everything Roose'
welt said about the former chairman
of the Republican state committee
was true, and therefore Barnes was
not libeled.
Counsel for Barnes announced that
an appeal would be taken.
The verdict was returned after forty
ballots had been taken and the jury
had considered for forty-two hours the
evidence which was presented during
five weeks of the trial.
The Elbert County tribune., 1915-05-28
Wood Tick Fatal to Three.

Cheyenne, Wyo. - Wood tick, or
spotted fever. has claimed three vic
tins in Wyoming the past week and
the disease is spreading rapidly in
several localities. T. Ona, a Japanese
member OF fence building gang on
the Burlington railway, succumbed at
Sheridan; Francisco Artiz. Mexican
sheep herder. died at Thermopolis
hospital of wood tick fever: tramp
died in hospital at Casper few
days ago of the same disease, and a
large number of patients IN hospitals
are seriously i'll with this malady.
The Elbert County tribune., 1915-05-28
Lander Woman Shoots Husband.

Lander, Wyo.-Jack Boland, a hotel
proprietor was shot by his wife in a
saloon into which the woman followed
him. She fired five shots, only one
of which took effect. Boland was
struck in the back, the bullet emerg-
ing from his groin, and is in a pre-
carious condition at the Bishop Ran
dali hospital Mrs. Boiand was ar
rested few minutes later The cou.
pie quarreied several days ago and
separated. A few days ago Boland
severely beat the woman. according to
neighbors.
The Elbert County tribune., 1915-05-28
AMERICA POINTS PATH
PRESIDENT WELCOMES FiNAN-
cIAL CONGRESS OF NATIONS.
can Trade and the Opening of
New Trade Routes.
Western Newspaper Union News Service.


Washington. President Wilson.
speaking at the opening of tha
Pan-American Financial Conference
here, expressed the hope that the
Americans might show the world the
path to peace. The President was
loudly applauded by the delegates as
he entered the Hall of the Americas
in the Pan-American Union building,
where the meetings are being held.
On the platform were members of the
Cabinet, while the audience included
many high government officials in ad-
dltion to the representatives of South
and Central American countries.
The President declared the people
of the Americas were not trying to
make use of one another but were try
ing to be of use to one another. He
spoke of the handsome rivalry"
which he said was good for nations.
The lack of the physical means of
communication between the Ameri
cas-. he said. stood somewhat in the
way of development of commerce and
friendship.
The opening day was devoted to
welcoming the delegates and to
speechmaking.
In advocating more slips in Pan
American trade and the opening Of
new trade routes, the President said
that il private capital could not soon
establish such means OF communica-
ton the government must undertake
to do SO.
At the conclusion Of the Presidents 8
address he was applauded again. He
remained in the hall while representa-
tives of the different nations respond
ed to his welcome.
''It would be a very great thing If
the Americas could add to the dis
tinction which they already wear. this
of showing the way OF peace. to per
manent peace" said the President
THE way to peace for us, at any rate,
is manifest 1t is the kind of rivalry
which does not involve aggression. 1t
is the knowledge that men can be OF
the greatest service to one another
and nations of the greatest service
to one another, when the Jealousy be-
tween them is merely a Jealousy OF
excellence, and when the basis OF their
intercourse is friendship
The Elbert County tribune., 1915-05-28
Rockefeller Denies Three CHARGES.

Washington.-Con his two
day examination by the Industrial Re-
lations Commission, John ID. Rookie
feller. Jr., entered denials to three
charges which, IL sustained. would. ac-
cording to Commissioner Weinstock.
LAY at the door of the Colorado mine
operators the responsibility for the un-
fortunate happenings" in the Colorado
coal strike. The charges were framed
and presented by Commissioner Vein,
stock as being, in brief, the allega-
tions brought against the operators by
the strikers.