davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-12-09

When a gas engine back fires II Is
because some Of the charge IL stu
burning In the combustion chamber
when the intake valve opens. A slow
burning mixture Is thus usually re-
sponsible for back fire. Generally this
Is due to the weakness Of the mixture
since the weaker II Is the slower II
burns. The amount Of back hrine
which takes place Is also Influenced "a
some extent by the speed Of the mo
tor. When an engine runs at high
speed there will he much shorter pc
Rod between the sparks than when II
Is running at a slow speed.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-12-09
A Welding Formula.

For welding steel to iron make q
dux compound consisting Of iron OF
steel filings 100. sal ammoniac 10
borax @. balsam Of copaiba s. The
steel should be heated red, carefully
cleaned Of scale, the composition spread
ON 1t and the iron applied at white
heat and welded with hammer. In
the case Of welding steel to cast iron
the steel, after being shaped to cor
respond to the cast iron, should be
heated cherry red and then have borax
applied to the surface. Then both
steel and cast iron should be heated to
welding heat and strong pressure ap
plied.-BlacksmIth and Wheelwright
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-12-09

In loosening shale and rock to facili
tate hand or steam shovel work dyna'
mite Is also very effective, while stumps
may be blasted from the roadbed just
as though they were being removed
from field 10 be cleared and cultivated.
Boulders also are easily shattered by
suitable loading and when of hard rock
may be crushed into surfacing stone.
The side bitches as well as the long
outfall bitches can also be blasted In
keeping with the nature Of the ground
In fact. there are no limits practically
10 the many uses and advantages OF
dynamite for road building when care
full and thoughtful attention Is given
10 the work.
incidentally the planting OF shade
trees for roadside Improvement and at
Effectiveness Is greatly facilitated by
the judicious use OF little dynamite.
Il Is a recognized fact that trees plant
Cd IN blasted holes grow much more
rapidly and progress more fayorably
,han those planted In the average spade
dug ground.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-12-09
Explosives In Road Building

One OF the newer methods Of road
building that Is fast winning the In.
dorsement Of the better versed contrac-
tor is that of employing dynamite for
reducing the heavy work
Grading through hard ground or rock.
for instance. Is tedious and requires
time and labor The use Of dynamite
for blasting such material is welcome
relief. Both rock and hard clay may
be loosened In the cut by well placed
charges Of explosives II holes are drill
ed into the ground little way up the
bank and loaded. Careful spacing and
loading for electrically fred blasts will
result In bringing down both classes Of
materials in the best possible manner
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-12-09

from the cars jack was made rs
shown for rolling the boards out of
the door.
The jack Is adjustable 50 that It can
be set In any width door and at any
height. II consists OF two screw ends.
with right and left threads. fitted into
the threaded ends Of a pipe. Another
pipe Is fitted loosely over the first one
so that It will revolve freely. To keep
the revolving pipe from slipping end
ways. nuts are turned ON the ends Of
the stationary pipe.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-12-09
A eabbitt kink.

Don't try TO keep the melted babbitt
clean. no matter II there is dirt, coal
and other refuse ON the surface. Let
such dirt stay there. Outlines II Is
well to throw In little dirt OF this
tort II the metal is clean. This Is for
the purpose Of preventing oxidation Of
the babbitt Oxidation causes IA lot OF
tross 10 form and uses up CORE
ponding weight OF babbitt. Covering
The top OF the babbitt pot 10 keep air
rom the hot metal will prevent con.
.iderabls OF the dross forming.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-12-09

In unloading cars Of lumber the
boards must be slid out Of the doors.
no matter whether they are loaded on
trucks or on a conveyor. says Popu-
lar Mechanics. The sliding Of the
boards is not easily accomplished. and
In close place a person finds II quite
difficult to shove the rougher material
over the edges Of the other boards to
get them out Of the car. Where large
quantity Of lumber had to be taken
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-12-09

Teacher = Johnnie. can't we nnd
some remedy for your regular tardi
nessf
Pupii-well. dey might move de
school about mile closer to my house
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-12-09

Ito be Continually
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-12-09

well. Barney. you brought me the
finest kind OF luck, you were friend
In need that time II ever there was
one"
Sure, yer honor. It's proud an glad
! am ! could help ye, though twas
nothing at all ! done worth mention.
With me goin' over the route an right
past the young leddy's house twice
day. gettin' here an back agin to me
own home, twas as easy as winkin'."
Yes. Maxwell always gave some
thing TO the blind match-seller for
luck. and long had Barney reason to
remember the most profitable match
he had ever had anything TO do with
negotiating.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30
-.-.- -.. Er Remedy Co.. Chicago
. the Eye Free.

goes through life on a
Halks.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30
WILL APPRECIATE KNEE CAPS
Old People Glad of Minor Comforts
Whose Construction Is Mat
ter of Minutes.

In idle hours try knitting or GRO
cheting knee caps for old people. If
you have no old friends or relatives
for whom to do them. there are insti-
tutions in every city that will be only
too glad of your gifts. Old legs begin
to feel the great chill coming first
from Just above the knee to about the
middle of the calf.
You will need three skeins of ordi-
nary yarn in any color you choose.
Gray is very good. An ordinary Gro
Chef hook or knitting needles are your
instruments. Make your cap in the
shape Of a stovepipe, using plain
slipper stitch. Make in one piece
about one yard long. Beneath the
knee should measure ~ inches. BY
drawing your stitches tighter this
width is diminished somewhat above
the knee. and should be made quite
q little narrower below. When the
whole piece is finished sew together.
or crochet together at edges.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30
LACES DAINTIER THAN EVER
Great in Variety, and Designers Have
Spent Much Time in Perfecting
Their Product.

Oriental laces, also val and chan
lilly, are made up in two or three
long f1ounces to be worn under or
over plain net skirts made very full
Northumberland net 1ounces are
used on dancing gowns under net
merely edged with gold or silver. Elk
quisite dance frocks are made of al
ternate rows of lace and ribbon
fiounces, scantily gathered. the lace
usually wider, but the ribbon fully
eight inches wide.
Opalescent and metal-embrOideFed
nets come in the full width of the
net, and in founces of various widths.
Tulle and net-embroidered founces
very finely braided are now to be
found among laces. Full rufles of
very fine lace are now used on each
side of V-shaped necks. continuing as
one to the waist line.
Silk nets are even more used than
laces for founcings, entire or combi-
nation waists, tunics, etc. Net and
lace or chiffon form smart waists for
handsome suits in black, with white,
flesh, alI-white and an ecru called
shantung.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30

1t appears to be in the matter of
wearing western" or foreign clothes
that the Japa csc is particularly I'm.
orthodox The Japanese who have
adopted foreign clothes apparently do
not take mCre care IS to fashion. any.
thing that is in foreign style being re-
garded as possible. They see little
distinction betwee" clothes which
western people say belong to morn
ing wear and those which are said to
belong TO afternoon wear.
For most Japanese one frock coat
will do a lifetime The same may be
said of top hats. as no one could doubt
who has seer some of those yet in
use. which. it is said. came out of the
ark A foreign visitor to Japan very
Justly remarks that in this country. 90
a ceremonial occasion, one can ses
at a glance all the styles of silk hats
that have prevailed from the first one
Up to the latest creation from Lon.
den. Japan Magazine.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30
Innings TO BE BRILLIANT
With Fuller Skirts That Swing and
Fly, CoIored Silks Will Show
Beneath Them.

Since the colors of the coming sea
son are to be rather somber. coat
Innings will be brilliant in hue. so that
there will be glimpses Of bright blues.
greens. vioIets or reds to contrast with
the dull exterior fabrics Silks OF the
soft. supple type Of Chinese crepe,
pussy-willow taffeta or luster satin
will be employed as Innings.
It is whispered that skirts will be
faced with silk. and 3 few models will
even boast of dust ruf1es, so that We
will again hear the fascinating crackle
Of taffeta about milady's ankles. A
glance at the petticoats viii substan-
tate the truth of this Tumor, for they
are made OF silk with a body" and
not OF the limp. rustieless silks used
for several years past About the
hem they measure yards and yards
round. for they are bounced and
RULED and ruehed in truly feminine
fashion.
They have grown notieeably longer.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30
CREEPING Quilt.

Who ever thought Of it? And why
did not someone think Of it sooner?
What? Why. the idea OF putting those
linen Mother Goose books to good use.
Some thinking person has conceived
the idea OF cutting out the Mother
Goose characters from those linen
books and appliqueing them on pink
or blue silkaline or chambray or sim
liar material for a baby's creeping
quilt When the youngster finds his
favorite story characters under his
very feet. as it were, he viii not want
to wander far. The idea may also be
utilized for a bedQuilt and viii find
warm welcome with the young mem
bers OF the nursery.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30
JAPANESE IN NEW DRESS
Hats in That Country Now Worn for
Protection Rather Than FOR
Decoration.

The Japanese are beginning to find
out that hats IRE more than orna-
ments.
With the beginning Of the Metti
era hats came to be used and now TO
gentleman finds himself without such
decoration. At first they were worn
onIv for decoration. but now they are
being regarded as useful too. All
kinds are in vogue, the soft felt be-
.ng most popular. In summer Pan
ANA hats and straw hats are as plen-
tiful in Tokyo as in London and New
York.
The rich like to smoke pipes Of
silver or gold and to have their to-
Ibacco pouches Ornamented with rich
carvings or precious stones. Finger
rings have also been coming into fash
ion. especially seal rings. 1t is still
believed. however, that the real gen
ltleman does not follow this new fash
ION. which savors moro of actors and
such persons"
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30
Trinminu Note.

An afternoon frock of richest gray
and old-rose Georgette crepes shows
an old-rose trimming that might be
worth copying. The charm of the dress
consists in the successful draping of
the two colors of crepe, but at the
waist line and directly in front bits of
brocade in dull dahlia shades have
been cut in the shape of ''futurist"
flowers and appliqued with heavy
gray and rose silks to the gown itself.
The brocades used are in the new
tinsel effect, and the CLINT of their gold
and silver threads is just enough to
attract attention to the otherwise SOM
Der trimming.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30
WHAT HE WAS LOOKING FOR
preary Samuel in Earnest Effort TO Sc
cure Employment, but Not, of
Course, for Himself.

Well. what do you want?" said the
master of the house sternly to Dreary
Samuel, the tattered tramp. as he
stood outside the door, shivering with
the most accomplished art.
I'm looking for work" replied hL
of the unemployed brigade. Amt
you got no scrubbin' or washin' or
cleanin' or nothink that an honest
body could do?"
This earnest appeal for work made
the householder think that he had mis-
judged a real, honest British la5orer
out of work.
All" he said. now you speak like
a man. like to hear Of anyone will
ing to make an effort. I never thought
you wanted work of that kind
No more | TO-" whined Samuel.
shuddering at the bare idea. Its
work for my wife that I'm a-lookin
for. London Answers.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30
a Bows Idea.

Some historian has discovered thar
we owe the existence of the safetypin
to the walls of an English baby A
little boy named Harold, the son of a
blacksmith, had often to play nurse
to his baby brother. He saw that
when the baby cried it was usually
because he was pricked by pin. For
a long time the boy nurse tried to
bend the common pin so that it would
be less likely to puncture the babys
flesh and as his father, the black
smith, noticed the boys work the idea
of the safetypin grew in his own mind
until it resulted in contrivance that
is in use the world over.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30
MANY ERRORS IN SPELLING
photographic Oddities Brought to
Light by DR.. Leonard p. Ayres-
Few Excellent Spoilers.

Seven out of every 100 third grade
public school children in the United
States cannot spell the word has"
according to a report just compiled
by DR.. Leonard P Ayres of the Rus
sell Sage foundation on the special
problems inherent in the teaching of
spelling. Doctor Ayres study also
brought out many other photographic
oddities.
Doctor Ayres selected the 1000
words that constitute 80 per cent of
the language ordinarily used. This
selection was made from various Eng
lish authors, from four Sunday news
papers, and from the business and
family correspondence of more than
1000 adults.
Cooperating with the school super
intendents in "a cities of the United
States, Doctor Ayres had the 1000
commOnest words tested by an aggre-
gate of 100000 speIIings, secured
from 10000 public school children.
Nine words of most frequent use,
viz, the" in" $50" now" man."
ten" bed top revealed that Sec
ond-grade pupils. on an average,
spelled correctly "a per cent of these
words. At the other extreme of the
scale of words judgment" recon-
mend" and "allege" were found to be
spelled correctly by just so per cent of
eighth-grade pupils.
very few exceedingly poor spoilers,
many medium ones, and very few ex-
cellent ones: Few words do most of
our work when we write. Fifty words
constitute, with their repetitions, one
half of the words written. The child
who masters the 1000 words on the
scale given will make no spelling er-
rors in nine-tenths of his writing
New York Times.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30
Worst Habit of Boys.

One of the very worst habits in
boyhood is the cigarette habit. This
has long been recognized by all the
judges of the courts who deal with
young criminals, and especially by
judges of police courts, before whom
pass thousands Of men every year who
are addicted to Incorporate habits.
These judges know that in nearly ev-
cry case the drunken sots who appear
before them, a disgrace to their pa
rents, themselves and the state, be-
gan as boys smoking cigarettes. One
bad habit led to another. The nico-
tine and poison in the cigarette Gre
ated an appetite for alcoholic drink.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30

of the barn and looked after Snow
balls retreating figure.
Where did he get it?". asked Kit.
Il do not know" said Puff, but he
will have all the neighborhood talking
about him, and we will be forgotten
again"
They crept along to the gate and
watched Snowfall walk down the
road. Out came the kittens and Tab
bies and looked admiringly at Snow
ball, who bowed and purred to each
one he met.
"SnowbalTs the most stylish cat
around here" said one kitten.
And his white fur with the red
sweater makes him the handsomest
cat I ever saw" said another. Il must
watch for him when he comes back"
said one old Tabby, and invite him to
dinner, for he will be the rage after
this" Yes said another. he is
far more handsome than Kit or Puff
They never could carry off that style
of red sweater"
Poor Puff and Kit watched Snow
ball as he was greeted on all sides, and
finally surrounded by an admiring
crowd. They walked down the road,
but no one noticed them, for all eyes
were on Snowfall and his red sweat
er. Kit and Puff went home and wait
ed for Snowfall TO return, but it was
very late before they saw him, for
everybody was anxious to have him
sit on their steps or in their yard,
that they might be able to say that
he had called upon them wearing the
wonderful red sweater.
When SNOWFALL reached home that
evening Puff said: You better keep
away from the COW. If she sees that
red coat of yours she will toss you
so high you will never come to earth
again; she does not like red"
L am not at all afraid" said Snow
ball, the COW always admired me,
but if either of you should put this on
and she saw you, l won't answer for
the consequences, for your figures
would not show il of as mine does,
and it would anger her to see you
wear it" And SNOWFALL walked away,
leaving Kit and Puff wondering how
they could regain their standing with
their acquaintance.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30
IN THE IRONING ROOM
DIRECTIONS THAT WILL aE
FOUND WORTH NEEDING
Best Way OF Bringing Lingerie Waists
to the Perfection They Should At
tain-For Ruffies on Petit
coats and Nightaowns,

In ironing lingerie waists if will no
found easier to do the sleeves first on
a sleeve board, putting the board into
the sleeve as one would put the arm
IN, ironing the cuff end first and draw.
ing OF the board each section of the
sleeve as it is finished. This nre.
vents all missing, and the sleeve
board eliminates the crease formed
when the sleeve is ironed fat and
douole. Next to the sleeves should
the underarm piece be ironed. for if
any part is mussed, this part is the
least noticeable, and it is much more
easily ironed before the back and
fronts are finished. The greatest point
IN ironing the body of the waist is not
to distort the shape of the neck and
shoulders.
Ruft1es on petticoats and nightgowns
can be made most attractive as well
as hanging in softer folds, if after
the rutfle is ironed the ironer laws the
fullness in plaits, pressing the plaits
with warm iron as she folds.
Should one prefer the rufle futed in
stead OF plated, small futed iron
may be bought for IS cents. This iron
must be heated before the ironed or
starched ruf1es are f1uted.
If the ruff1e of the drawers is to be
lroned, it should be ironed first; then
the tucks, should there be any at the
head Of the ruffie. This should be
done first on each leg of the draw
ers, because all sheer embroidery and
fine lace dry too rapidly for good iron
ing If allowed to hang over the board
or in the handling that is necessary
Tor the rest of the garment. All tapes
used as drawstrings should be care
fully irOned.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30
sNoWBALL's REVENGE.

Puff and Kit became very popular
with all the kittens and cats in the
neighborhood after they gave the lee
ture and very much talked of, and
poor SNOWFALL was not looked upon as
quite their equal
One day after he had been in the
city with his master he heard a
commotion in the barn, and he thought
Puff and Kit must be giving another
lecture, so he went very quietly to the
barn door and looked in. All the cats
and kittens were sitting around the
barn, drinking tea, and one old Mrs.
Tabby was saying to Puff: 1T is a
pity your brother SNOWFALL does not
care for the artistic things in life
as you and Kit do; it must be very
trying TO have him go to town with
his master instead of enjoying this
brilliant gathering you have here this
afternoon at your tea
Yes" replied Puff. Kit and /
often speak of it, but SNOWFALL does
not care for social life at all. He
is of rather a rowing disposition. and
he does not care for style, either"
He seems to be very proud of his
tie and collar" said another Mrs.
Tabby.
oh, yes" replied Kit, so he is,
but he does not wear them with any
style"
He has not the grace or dignity
which you or Puff possess" said an
ether old Tabby.
Snowfall listened with flashing
eyes. The wretches," he said; after
all I have done for Kit and Puff to
think they would talk about me like
this. l will show them whether l
have style or not. I saw a dog on the
street today wearing red sweater
I'll get one the next time l go to
town, and on Sunday I will wear it. l
will make the old Tables and Puff
and Kit sit up and take notice of
me-"
Inc next Sunday morning when all
the kittens and Tabby cats were sit
ting on their front steps in the warm
sunshine SNOWFALL donned his red
sweater. He stretched his neck to it's
full length so that his tie and collar
might show to advantage. He slicked
his coat and pricked up his ears, and
then walked very slowly by the barn
door, where Kit and Puff were doing
in the sun, but he did not look at
them.
Puff was in the middle of a yawn.
and he stopped with wide-opened
mouth. Never had he seen anyone
look so stylish as SNOWFALL in his red
sweater He tapped Kit on the head
and awoke him, and they walked out
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30
The Water Cure.

A Swedish farmer who lived Oh mis-
wheat farm in Minnesota was taken
i'll, and his wife telephoned the doc
tor.
If you have a thermometer" an
swered the physician, take his tenn
perature. l will be out and see him
presently"
An hour or so later, when the doc
tor drove up, the woman met him at
the door.
How is he?" asked the doctor.
Well" she said, 4 ban put the
barometer on him like you tell me, and
it say, Very dry so I give him a
pitcher of water to drink, and now he
ban gone back tc work Youth s
Companion.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30
po,vdsres pumice-stone sau.

A bag filed with powdered pumice
stone is an excellent window cleaner.
Make the bag of Unbleached cotton
cloth of soft quality, not too firm
When finished, the bag is six inches
wide and twelve inches long. Into
this put about one-eighth Of a pound
of pumice stone. To prevent soiling
this bag. it is slipped into cheese
cloth case that can be removed and
washed. No water is used on the win
dow. but it is rubbed first with piece
of tissue paper, then polished with
the bag
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30

The lawyer was cross-examinilg a
witness.
DO you happen to know" he asked,
what time it was when the wife CT
the defendant stepped into the tazicab
in front of the National bank?"
Yes, replied the witness. 1t was
seventeen minutes past one"
All, it was seventeen minutes past
one, Ell? Now will you please tell the
jury how you happen to be so positive
that it was precisely seventeen min
utes past One?'
Certainly" said the witness. The
lady was wearing an ankle watch"
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30
CLEAN SWEET SCALP
May Be Kept So by Cuticura Soap
and Ointment. Trial Free.

To have good hair clear the scalp
Of dandruff and itching with shampoos
Of Cuticura Soap and touches of Cuti-
cura Ointment to dandruff spots and
itching. Nothing better than these
pure, fragrant, supercreamy emol-
lients for skin and scalp troubles.
Sample each free by mail with Skin
Book. Address Cuticura, Dept. KY,
Boston. Sold everywhere.-Adv.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1915-11-30

needle and thread to pass through.
Prior to doing this, however. some
pretty design such as suggested should
board is bent into the shape shown i'll
diagram C, and the sides of the bag
sewn in place. These are composed of
fan-shaped pieces of soft satin gath
cred into tiny frill at the top.
The bag is edged throughout with a
silk cord, and the handles are made
of thicker cord. One handle is much
longer than the other, and to close
the bag the longer handle is slipped
through the shorter one in the manner
shown in diagram A.