davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1915-05-14
ZDepartamentu
Panstwa.
Washington, 13 maja, 1915.

Sekretarz stanu do ambassadors
amerykanskiego w Berlinie:
Proszet odwiedzic ministra
spraw zagranicznych, po odczy-
taniu temuz niniejszego komuni-
katu, pozostawic mu jego kopie
Wobec ostatnich postepkow
w1adz niemieckich gwafcacych
prawa Amerykanow ma morzach Q
twartych, ktorych kulminacyjnem
wydarzeniem byio torpedowanie
zatopienie brytyjskiego parowca
Lusitania dnia z maja, 1915,
wskutek czego przeszfo 100 oby-
wateli amerykanskich straciio
zycie, roztropna pozadana O.
czywiscie jest rzecza, by Rad
Stanow Zjednoczonych i cesarski
Rad niemiecki przyszfy do jasne-
go i pelnego zrozumienia powaz-
nego pofozenia jake wynikio.
Zatopienie brytyjskiego parow-
ca pasazerskiego Falaba przez
nur niemiecki dnia % marca,
wskutek czego Leon c. Thresher,
obywatel amerykanski, utona}; a
tax d. 2S marca ma okret amery-
kaiiski Gushing ze strony niemie-
ckiego aeroplanu; torpedowanie
dnia l maja amerykaIiskiego O.
kretu Gul1ight przrz nar nienie-
cki, wskutek czego dwu lub vie
cej amerykahskich obywateli
stracifo zycie; w koncu zaS tor
pedowanie zatopienie parowca
Lusitania, stanowia szereg wyda-
rzen, kt6re Rad Stanow Zjedno-
czonych spostrzegai z rosnaca
przykroscia, zmartwieniern i zdu-
mieniem.
Przywodzac sobie ma pamiec O.
golno ludzkie postepowe stano-
wisko dotychczas zajmowane
przez cesarski Rad nierniecki w
rzeczach tyczacych sic praw mie-
dzynarodowych, zwiaszcza co do
wolnosci podrozowania ma morzu;
nauczywszy sic uznawac niemie-
ckie wpiywy ma polu zobowiazaa
miedzynarodowych jako zawsze
stojace po stronie sprawiedliwo-
sci ludzkcSci; w przypuszcze-
niu, re instrukcye cesarskiego ME
mieckiego rzadu dawane komen-
dantom okretowym oparte So ma
tel samej zasadzie ludzkiego po-
Stepowania przepisanego okreto-
wymi kodeksani innych narodow
Rad Stanow Zjednoczonych ME
chciaI wierzyc = a teraz ME mo-
re przezwyciezyc sic do uwierze-
MIA, - by czyny te, tax abSolut-
ME sprzeciwiajace sic regulom,
praktykom i duchowi nowozyt--
nych sposob6w prowadzenia
wojny, mogiy mice zatwierdzenie
lub sankcye wielkiego tego rza-
du.
Uwaza przeto "a swoj obowia-
eek Ewrocic sic do cesarskiego
rzadu niemieckiego odnosnie do
nich z najzupeiniejsza otwartos-
cia j zupelna nadzieja IL sic ME
myli w oczekiwaniu takiego po-
ze strony cesarskiego
rzadu niemieckiego, by ono ma
prawiIo nieszczesliwe wrazenie
nanowo ustali}o
stanowisko tego rzadu odnoSnie
do uswieconej wolnosci podrozo-
wanna po morzu.
Rad Stanow Zjednoczonych
zosta1 uwiadomiony, ze cesarski
Rad nierniecki uwazai sic "a zmu-
SONY 2 powodu nadzwyczajnych
okolicznoscj wojny obecnej i
srodk6w stosowanych przez jego
orzeciwnikow celen odciecia Me
mice cd wszelkiego handlu, do "a
metod rewanzu sic
gajacych daleko poza zwyczajne-
nj metodami prowadzenia wojny
norskiej, proklamujac strefe wo-
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1915-05-14
TEKST NOTY PREF WS0NA DO RZADU NlEllECblEGO
Rad Stano Zednoczonyc przesa czora eacne do
basadora Berine Gearda ponza note ola doreczenia
ie rzadovv n1emiecklemu

0JSSAASS-SANy
z ubolewaniern o tenn zawiada.
miam cesarski Rad niemiecki, -
formalne ostrzezenie, jakoby po-
chodzace Cd cesarskiej ambasady
niemieckej we Waszyngtonie,
pod adresem narodu Stanow Zje-
dnoczonych, ktorego trescia byio,
re kazdy obywatel Stanow Zje-
dnoczonych, ktory korzysta z
prawa wolnej jazdy po morzach,
uczyni to ma wiasna odpowie-
dzialnosc "a niebezpieczenstwo,
jezeli podroz jego zawiedzie go
do strefy wod, w obrebie kt6rej
cesarska rnarynarka niemiecka
posiuguje sic nurami przeciw
handlowi Wielkiej Brytanii i
Francyi, pomimo peinego sza-
cunku ale bardzo wyraznego pro-
testu tego rzadu, rzadu Stanow
Zjednoczonych.
Me wspominam o tenn celem
zwrocenia uwagi cesarskiego rza-
du nienieckiego W tym czasie ma
zdumiewajaca niewiasciwoSc ko-
munikatu cesarskiej ambasady
niemieckiej pod adresem narodr
Stanow Zjednoczonych "a posre-
dnictwem gazet, ale tylko celem
skonstatowania, re zadne ostrze-
zenie, il nieprawny nieludzki
czyn ma bye popefniony, ME mo-
ze bye przyjete jake usprawiedli-
wienie lub zfagodzenie. tego czy-
nu lub jako zrzeczenie sic odpo-
wiedzialnoSci "a. jego popeinie--
ME. .'. .... (.
Znajac Cd dawna zasady cesar
skiego niemieckiego rzadu i jego
wysokie pojecia sprawiedliwo-
Sci, ktoremi sic w przesz1osci
kierowai, Rad Stanow Zjedno-
czonych ME moze wierzyc, by
komendanci okretow dopu--
szczali sic tych aktow bezpra-
via z innego powodu, 1iz ma pod
stawie mylnie zrozumianych roz-
kazow cesarskiej niemieckiej ko-
mendy marynarki. Przyjmuje ro-
wniez "a pewnik, uwzgledniajac
co najmniej rzeczywista mozli-
woSc w kazdym z tych wypad-
kow, re komendanci nurow ME
mieli zaniaru mic takiego czynic,
coby zagraza}o zyciu niekomba-
tant6w albo bezpieczenstwu neu-
tralnych okretow, choeby cena
tego miafo bye udaremnienie ich
zadania schwytania lub zniszcze-
mia (scil. nieprzyjacielskiego O.
kretu).
DIatego tez Rad tutejszy
szczerze ufa, ze cesarski Rad ME
miecki ME zaaprobuje tych ak
tow, co do ktorych Rad Stan6w
Zjednoczonych zanosi skarge, re
powetuje szkody, o lie poweto--
wanie jest mozliwe, gdy chodzi o
krzywdy bezgraniczne re ma
tychmiast przedsiewezmie kroki,
celem uniemozliwienia powtorze-
MIA sic W przyszioSci wypadkow,
zasadniczo przeciwnych tym "a
sadom prowadzenia wojny, kt6-
rych W przeszfosci tax roztropnie
i konsekwentnie Rad cesarski sic |
Rad lud Stan6w Zjednoczo-
nych oczekuja ze strony cesar
sliego niemieckiego rzadu spra-
wiedliwej, natychmiastowej II
jasnej akcyi W tel zywotnej spra-
vie, a to z TEN zywsza nadzieja,
re Stany Zjednoczone Niemcy
So zwiazane nietylko wezlami
przyjazni, ale takze wyraznemi
postanowieniami. traktatu z roku
1928 miedzy Stanami Zjednoczo-
nymi a Krolestwem Prus.
Wyrazenie ubolewania i goto-
woSe wynagrodzenia szkody W
razie zniszczenia neutralnych O.
kretow przez pomyike, moga "a
dose uczynic przepisorn miedzy'
narodowego prawa, o lie przy
tern ME byio utraty zycia, lecz
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1915-05-14

J. B. Pallssch wypozycza pIeniadzs
na rsalnosc. sprzedaie karty okrsto-
We / realnosci. 1146 Noble ul.
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1915-05-14
KrOI Grecyi chory.

Ateny, IA maja. = Krol Grecyi
Konstantyn zapadi powaznie ma
zapalenie opiuenej.
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1915-05-14

(Dokonczenie ma str. SeJ.J }.
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1915-05-14

lDokoiezen:e na str. sej.l
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-22
9sNoeo1a9e 2a1lzsslaa.
Chnnzzz7oSzez2.cMa
0SL5s G211z1ezLM.<zrs
u T1eSzz szzI2H2razzl

The situation grad tally became see
rious, and Washington was called TO
WILLIAMSBURG TO his country
in the Virginia meeting. While there
he made mn, eloquent spe czech. declaring
that no would raise a Thousand men
at his own expense and march them
to the relief of Boston" for that city
was already sfilled with Red Goats who
were there to force Boston to accept
the unjust English taxation.
Then the Colonies decided to- con-
vene "a congress where each would be
represented. This was held al, Phila-
deiphia on the third OF. September,
1874. forty four delegates being pres
ent. Washingtonswas among the vir-
ginia delegates. and was placed on
the army committee with a special
duty OF MAILING a report on the army
OF Virginia. # N
Elected Command -in- Chief.
when the Second Continental Con-
gress convened Washingto on fwasiag
chosen tosrepresent Virginia, and dur.
ling that session was elected as com
Imande chief of the American
Army, John Adams making an clio.
Iauent speech Spraistng the courage and
ability OFF George Washing ton, of. yir.
lginias'., The scene - recorded as In.
tensely dramatic, for washington had
not the least idea AZ to hose NAME
would be mentioned ana when III
heard his own he leaped to his fee
land fushe q into the Joining room
la tsysE nutes iAtsFi the Y sseMbly wa q
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-22
dismissed and washington Informed
Of his unanimous election
mn. .tkt..s !. o x,,,;;, 49, ETH had oil.

dismissed and Washington informed
of his unanimous election
The Battle of Bunker Hill had all
ready been fought when washington
started for Cam bridge. Massachusetts,
where he was to take up the com
mand--the Moses to lead the tax-bur-
dened colonists out Of their wilder
ness Of bondage into the enjoyments
OF the land Of promise He knew that
his army was made up OF the crudest
material, yet they were to confront
the trained warriors of England, but
he never .faltered In his duty even in
the darkest hour when those whom
he trusted became his enemies. He
fought not for power or for treasure.
but for the vindication Of the Divine
principles Of human liberty. The trip
from Philadelphia was made entirely
on horseback, arriving at Cambridge
on July second. He at once took up
his Headquarters In a building known
as Cragie House, which had been fit-
ted up for this purpose. The house
still. stands. For many years It was
1.-the home Of Henry w. Longfellow, the
poet, and at present is owned by his
4 daughter. Washingto ton lived in this
lhouse from July second until the fol-
lowing spring, when the British evac-
unted Boston.
Takes: Command OF Army.
He assumed the duties Of his ONCE
at 9 O'Clock on the morning of July
third. with several OF his ofiicers he
rode over to the historic elm on Cam
bridge common where the troops
were drawn up to receive their new
lcommander. Washington made q
short speech and formally took COM
sImand Of the army whic was destined
4 to free America from English despot-
|ism. Later In the day he visited sew
/ leral Of the posts where the soldiers
received him with delight which grad
uaIly grew to a love and reverence
that never wanedS during the eight
4 years OF strife. Y
The History OF the American Revo-
Tuition and stories OF the battles fought
Z lby Washington. how he turned defeat
1 Into victory by mastery retreats and
never allowed himself to be .'bluffed''
I by the English tare common knowl-
4 edge to Every. scho 6I child. but many
/! Of the Incidents OF that struggle are
lnot so well known and they reflect
lmore truly his real character. his sac.
Il rifices and his anxieties for the future
n welfare Of his countrymen.
Rigid Disqualification.
washington had been trained &
rigid discipline ana such . .thing, q,
!. mutiny or desertion by soldiers wa,
/ go abhorrent to- him that he used thu
! most vigorous methods in suppressint
- Il
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-22
He at once retired to Mount Vernon
broken hearted over the fact that he
was compelled to give up soldering
or lose his self-respect.
with RraddncI. \ - y.

But he was not destined to give up
military career. for on the arrival OF
General Braddock from England that
officer at once invited Washington to
become a member OF his staff-the
only judicious act of his entire career
In this country. washington eagerly
accepted the position and all went we'll.
until the battle Of Fort Duquesne.
where Braddock refused to take,
Washington's advice (Which military.
day. and received mortal wound
during the battle. Washington tried
In vain to rally the forces. rushing into
the thickest Of the fight Two horses
were shot from under him and his
coat and hat were torn with bullets.
on seeing this the Indians declared
that he bore charmed life. After
seeing Braddocls fall the English re-
treated in disorder while the Virgin
ians followed Washington's order In
protecting the rear Of the retreat. g
During the winter Of 1853 the young
officer fell Ill of what IN this day
would be known as a nervous break
down and retired to Mount Vernon to
recover. In the meantime. William
Pitt became the head OF Colonial az.
fairs in England, which gave new life
to the virginians. washington at
once offered his services to General
Forbes. who had come to do what
General Braddock failed to ACCOM-
plish. It was the old story--Wash-
ington was welcomed, but his advice
was disregarded. Against his wishes
a detachment Of men were sent out
on1y to meet the fate of Braddock.
Finally. the French withdrew and Fort
4 Duquesne became Fort Pitt a:
Marries Martha Gusts.
Shortly after the fall Of Fort Du-
quesne washington hurried home and
resigned his commission the lasttweely
lin December, and was married To Mrs,
Martha Gusts on, January 8. 1853.
The marriage proved to be a happy
one and for sixteen years the couple
lived in regal style at Mount Vernon.
Mrs Washington was one of the
4 wealthiest women In that part OF the
fcountry, and much OF Washington's
II time was spent in managing her es-
tate. He was always up early riding
over the estate and seeing that the
days work was started properly. He
invented q plow, had It made In hi,
own shops, and tested 1t with his owi
!, carriage horses.
From 1893. when the dificuitie,
Il with England which led to the revo.
Hutton began, to 1874, only one yea
before he took command OF the Con
fltfn6idta1 Army. he was d stauneh 10y
4alist, although when the Stamp 40
Twas passed he wrote to- friends In Eng
Hand that ,yeplq prove etfectsal
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-22


the door. rode into the midst of the
mutineers. It seems that the usher
men of the regiment had
laughed at the half Indian uniforms
of the Virginians. Words led to blows
and soon a thousand men were engaged
In the melee, pelting each other with
stones and snowballs The Conman-
der-in- Chief arrived when the battle
was-at Its height. Hespaused only for
a moment; then he rushed among
them and seized two tall, brawny
rifemen by the throat and gave them
each a good shaking while he slamed
them for fighting among themselves:
1t Is needless to add that there was no
future mutiny.l : w, ~
BY his orders deserters and plum
derers were logged and In one In
stance he declared thatsii he could Jay
hands on the culprit he- would "try
the effect OF q thousand lashes." AT
one time he had q gallows erected.
threatening to hang deserter as an
example. The gallows was never
used, but 1t had its effect.
At the same time there was never
a man who was kinder and more gem
tie with his men. Food was scarce.
many Of the soldiers were i'll, and
their pay was uncertain. washington
continually exhorted them to be pa
tient, and three times he barely pre-;
vented q serious mutiny. On one oc-
pay his men and found the treasury
empty It Is declared that, he broke
down and wept, saying that his sol
E,diers did not deserve such treatment.
Rebukes lieutenant.
He was ever on the alert for the
officer who was unkind to his men,
and one came to grief on a bitter, cold
day at Valley Forge Washington
walked out late one afternoon to sec
how his poor men were getting along,
when suddenly he came upon an
| a log hut. They were under the com
mand OF a young lieutenant who had
lately come to camp. The general
listened few minutes to the oaths OF
the young officer as he ordered the
men about, Don't abuse yourl men
lieutenant! Can't you see they are
half frozen?r Falling to the
tall lnufned figure in, the long military
cloak standing under. q dark pine n
the snowy twilight. the young ofiicei
shouted back: s.
Mind your d a. bnsinessi Who
are you. anyhow
Like a thunderboit came the an.
Iswer: II
81 am George washington. Com
mande In Chief OF the Continental
Armies. and order your arrest!''
All; during that: long winter at Val
LEY Forge Washing ton shared the DIS
lcomforts of his men! frequently shar
ling, his blank cts with them. Although
A the huts in which they lived wer,
lscmetimes buried lin snow and sew
eral Of the ragged sentries ;froze 3,
death. there was not a. single deser
ton among the native born American
la magnificent tribute to Washing
4 toms ability as q general
His crossing the Delaware. surptis
i Ing the enemy and winning the bat
fltie at Trenton has been the subjec
\ Of picture, song ana story: q How b
moved his entire army sacfosss the &c.
ii waters battling with the ice-foes an
!. the current, and how he had them o.
II thalmarch before yiight Nashing
N ton and his stan had crossed frst sanl
], thgys reMained ear the landing plan
y les he beggedS liis men to do I'll cir besl
Il HIS pres enee and neotira Fen'eil
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-22
and when the battle took place they
drove the enemy 5. before them like
CHAIR before the wind. 4

and when the battle took place they
drove the enemy before them like
chair before the wind.
Treachery OF Lee.
AT the Battle OF Monmouth, the
scene Of the famous Mplliet Pitcher
episode, Washington found that one
of his aides. General Charles Lee, had
ordered "a retreat after barely sengag-
ing the British. hoping to embarrabs
his copmander. This man proved to
be a traitor and sdisorga nizer. He.was
court -martia1ed and suspended from
command in the army for q term OF
one year an absurdly inadequate
sentence for the crime OF betraying
his trust on the field Of battle. Wash
ington, was deeply grieyeds over this
AFFAIR for he was fond or Lee. Later
when the treason OF Benedict Arnold
was discovered General washington
cried out-.'W Whom can we trust snow!
AT times such. as these washington
would often retire to his room for
prayer. Always Of a religious nature.
even in the early days with General
Braddock he used to read the prayers
to his men. AT Valley Forge 1t was no
uncommon thing to lind him lkneeling
in the snow praying that these DARK
days might pass away.
He was tconside rate of those beneath
him In station and the incid dent best
illustrating this fact Is told OF him
while the army was ercannped az Nor
ristown. a religious meeting was held
outdoors and a chair had ibsen placed
in q prominent post for his use sI.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-22
Strenuous Campaigns
Of This Best Loved
Am ian Soldier
How He Fought
for and Won Our
Liberty.

NOR nearly a century george
= Washington has occupied a
unique place not only in the
hearts of his countrymen, but
also In reference to his career as mat
tiers of history. He was regarded as
sort of demigod about whom was
thrown a mantle Of protection from
the analysis and criticism to which
all public characters are subjected
But as time has passed the real Wash
tngton as he was-an ordinary mortal.
has been brought to light, and today
! he IS known and studied as man
4 with weaknesses and frailties, yet pos
sessed OF sufficiently strong qualities
to make him in reality the hero which
has been ascribed to him as. IL he were
q fahled character beyond the criti-
Sism Of mortal man. He is now being
4 seen In the true perspective Of his
tory and the most searching scrutiny
Of the events connected with his pub
lie life has not shaken that reverence
and affection which has so long been
& accepted as our common heritage.
washington may well be classed as
J, gneyof the worlds really great men -
~ man who was successful along SO
many lines. AS a surveyor, gentleman
farmer. soldier, diplomat and states
man, he attained an enviable position.
d; Picturesque Career As Soldier. 4
" His career as a soldier is perhaps
the most Interesting, and certainly the
most picturesque, covering period
of many years. The scion of a fight
Ing family which dated back to the
days Of King Charles, Washington
\ early in life began to show his fond
ness tor soldering. In his boyhood
he preferred the navy, but was pre-
vented from entering that branch OF
s the service byshis mothers tears even
after he had been given commits
sion as midshipman in the British
navy. But this did not deter the boy
from his idea of being a soldier and
Whenever an opportunity presented It.
& self he studied the arts OF war. :
When Washington was but sixteen
years Of age he began to hunt With
y Lord Fairfax, who owned splendid
q estate in Virginia. This nobleman wal
30 delighted with Washington's skill
daring, trankness and courage that hi
determined to procure "a public sur.
yeyvr 81 commission for the young lad
sgDnld be difficult to conceive OF "a
s experience better adapted to prepar,
Washington for the high rank which
awaited him than the one upon which
8 he now entered.
q Knew Frontier Life.
During his work he was exposed :,
asdships. privations and danger
ithout any Of the comforts or neces
series OF civilized life. yet he neve
Filtered and carried out his work witt
N optimism which delighted Lcr'
Eetrfax beyond measure. Yout1
washington became acquainted wiz
The settlers ON the frontier ana by con
finun1 intercourse with them n thei
cabins where y: re sntlss st9p p y
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-02-22

~OR nearly a century george
Washington has occupied a
unique place not only in the
y hearts of his countrymen, but
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-09-21
THE VARIATIONS OF
 CHURCH ATTENDANCE.

A count of church congregations in the city Of New Y orlz recently showed that the attendance the past summer has been 5 per cent. more than usual Similar conditions are noted in other cities Church men are saying that it is the effect of the war. leading people to more serious thinking. T7 The question is often discussed whether interest in religion in the popular mind is growing or declining Religion does not encounter the popu- lar opposition that. it used to- For ner1y open atheists and professed skeptics were arguing on every street corner and loaf1ng place. They per suaded some people to remain away from church. Yet opposition is one form of adveBtising It is quite pos sible that the open hostility to the church of 25 years ago helped it more than the indifference of more recent years.
 What keeps church attendance down is rarely direct antagonisn It is more the fact that people are tired after a strenuous modern week day, and like to sleep late. Still more. ire quently it is that they have excursi ons and entertainments and sports that they wish to enjoy. Perhaps this is why attendance often gains in hard times. The man with a costly family and desire for economy may feel that he will get out of the day cheap CT with a, quiet attendance at church
 There. are. of course, a great mass of people who live superfcially. con tent with the mere exterior of the world about them. The satisfaction of the senses, eating, drinking, movie shows, these fill their hearts. They skate over the surface of life, and never look underneath.
 To some of these fritterers away of previous time, the way may possibly have come as a, stirring of lower depths. Certainly it is a time for ex- animation of our conventional qnora1i- ties and compIacencies, for a univers- al confession of failure and sin
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-09-21
ORNAMENTS CARVED
 FROM GERMAN SHELLS

Paris, Sept 21-Many metal arti- sans and engrayers serving in. the ar tiIlery devote their leisure moments to carving ornaments from alulli- mum and copper taken. from exploded shells. These souvenirs, made be- meath the bomb proof shelters at the front, have been highly prized by the recipients at home; and until q short time ago it was impossible to buy them.
 Recently a society was organized. whose aim is to dispose of these trinkets, the proceeds of their being forwarded directly to the men them selves. Each article is accompanien by. a card bearing the name and mili- tary address of the maker, and if de- sired the purchaser may receive a card of acknowledgment from him.
 Aluminium rings are the most popu- lar but lockets, brooches, bracelets paper knives, ash receivers, paper weights, inkstands, and various other articles Of every day use are made. The Cross of Lorraine, emblem of Joan of Arc, is a favorite design for rings; four leaf c1overs, horse shoes. and occasionally some special mark Of the regiment are also employed.
 Exploded shells, and fragments are used in many Parisian homes, as flower pots, vases for cut flowers, urn- brella stands, and similar uses.