davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-11-08
Doesn't Fit the Crime,
the Editor of The Tribune.

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: Referring to the men who have been
trapped in their attempts TO dynamite out
going vessels carrying munitions and sup
plies, it appears from the opinion OF some of
our higher officials that there is chance for
these men to escape punishment. This seems
70 be very unfair
Were it some man who was caught making
two or three gallons OF rum or some thing OF
the kind in his cellar he would be railroaded
at once. Had the men now in question been
lucky enough to carry out their objec. there
would have been numerous persons injured
or killed. II is to be regretted that the
laws are not more strict and the sentence is
not life Imprisonment at the hardest kind of
labor for attempting such a deed.
Jersey City, Nov /, 1915. Z. C.JOHNS
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-11-08
What Mr.. McAdoo Is After.

We should be glad to be able to agree
with Mr.. Stuart G. Gibboney, whose letter
we print in another column, that Secre-
tarv NcAdoo has renowned his dream Of
establishing a government owned ana
operated merchant marine. According 70
Mr. G.bbonev's view. the Secretary has
been touring the West not as an advocate
os government monopoly IN deep sea
TRANSPORTATION. but merely as an advance
agent Of naval preparedness. lie was
doing out of the kindness Of his heart a
little missionary work for Secretary Dan
;els and the General Board Of the Navy
being concerned lest they might not be
sble to obtain from Congress a proper
supply Of naval auxiliaries.
There is little disposition Just now TO
DENY the navy the auxilaries for which II
has been vainly asking for the last four
or five years. Il ought to have the trans
ports. tenders. oil ships and other supply
vessels which it needs, and it will proba-
blv get them from Congress without the
intervention OF a Federal shipping COM
mission such as Mr. McAdoo wants to see
created. If new auxiharies are to be con-
structed for naval use primarily, 1t Will
not tax the powers Of the naval authorities
who are now successfully struggling with
battleships. battle cruisers and seagoing
submarines to design and build them.
The pretence on Mr.. McAdOO's part that
no merely wants to see the needs Of the
navy properly supplied through the crea-
ton of q Federal shipping commission
empowered to build merchant ships, is too
TRANSPARENT to deceive anybody. What the
Secretary has in mind is the use Of mer-
chant ships, built nominally as naval aux
iIaries, for freight service under govern
mental auspices. His point Of view Is not
military. but economic. He still yearns 70
see the government take entire charge Of
our deep sea transportation service, which
so he saws, cannot be intrusted any longer
TO private owners.
No mercantile or shipping organization
in the country is deceived by the sugges-
ton that Mr.. McAdoo is pushing his Fed
eral commission plan primarily as a means
Of rounding out the navy. At the meeting
Of the New York Chamber Of Commerce on
Thursday Mr. Seth Low, discussing plans
for the restoration Of the merchant
marine. said: "The serious aspect Of the
matter appears TO me to lie in the proposal
on the part Of the Secretary Of the Treas
ury that the way TO restore the mercan-
tile marine TO this country is for the gov
eminent to go into ownership and opera
ton Of ships engaged in foreign com
merce." That, of course, is what a Nc
Adoo shipping commission would aim at,
first. last and all the time.
We cannot, therefore, agree with Mr..
Gibbcney that naval preparedness is the
sole or even the main object Of Mr.. Nc
Adoo's plan. Helping the navy is only a
side issue, a specious pretext under cover
of which a government monopoly, ruthless
" destructive Of all private American
capital now invested in deep sea trans
portation, would be fastened on the United
States.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-11-08
An Imprudent Spirit.

One would suppose that any spook pos
sessing a grain of common sense or pru-
dence would pick locality other than
Oyster Bay for the field of his activities.
Unless, Of course, it is advertisement he
is after. For into that bucolic community
the searchlight Of publicity has a habit Of
turning its full strength on slightest
provocation until even the sticks and
stones and worse than senseless things
.9om up in exaggerated form as they DO
snder the headlights Of motor. Re-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-11-08

at all before 5, and, with equal 1rmness,
refused pctits rerres after dinner"
Still stricter regulations are pending.
Thus. civilians are to be forbidden TO drink
spirits in public places before midday, and
the sale of spirits 70 women is 70 be pro-
hibited altogether. Seeing all these new
and drastic rules are unquestionably to be
attributed directly TO the war, it seems a
little ridiculous to hold up the small ration
that the soldier gets as dreadful demon
stration Of the horrors of war.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-11-08
A PRO" Suggestion.
.di.or OF The Tribune.

To the Editor OF The Tribune.
Sir: Referring TO your cartoon OF November
g. agree with Anti" that there was a mis-
teke in the heading II should have read
"Quaut Meme (Quant with "t' instead of
"dJ. A Pro.
New YORK., Nov. 4, 1915.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-11-08

Won can purchase merchandise advertised
in THE TRIBUNE with absolute saie'y- --,,I,
II dissatisfaction results IN any case -
TRIRI-Nr guarantees TO pay your money
hal rro, request. No red tape, no Quio-
blnc. We make good promptly II the ad-
ver,iser does not
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-11-08

Berlin's thanksgiving will follow the open.
ing Of the road TO Turkey
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-11-08

Anna Held Forced TO Re U. 8. CitiIen.-Hea dline
Some have greatness thrust upon them.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-11-08

,,..-., q, ~. poss-c. 3, New Ycrt "A s"'ona '-"'
MeI Matter.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-11-08

New York. Nov. 4, 1915.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

orchards of the nations about. The coun- try will also produce vast amounts Of tobacco and coffee and some kinds of grain. I am interested in such develop ments and I have just sent out a letter to all parts of the republic. advising my people to devote their attention to mod ern methods of farming and to the use of modern farming machinery. That let ter will be read in the churches and hope it will start movement toward bet ter tillds5."
 then asked his holiness if he thought Paraguay would be a good place for Roman Catholic. immigrants from the United States. He replied:
 We should be glad to have Catholics come. but we want immigration without regard to religion. We shall welcome Protestants as heartily as Catholics and will make them at home"
 Speaking of the mission work going on in the country, the archbishop said
 ''rhe Roman Catholic church is doing what it can to Chrlstianize the savage tribes. We have now a colony of 150 fam flies, who have given up their nomadic life and are tilling the soil. They have established a village of their own and y their children are going to school. This is in Para quay proper. The chief Protes- tant mission among the Indians is sit- uated about 12O miles away in the Chaco. It Is on one of the large estancias and the owners of the estancias pay the sal- aries of the missionaries. I do not know what success they are having.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11
"Let Mary Do It"
from the Utica Press.

From the Utica Press
 Let Mary do it'' is according to the Rev George c. Groves, formerly rector of Trinity church, in this city, not only the oft-repeated expression. but the gen. eral attitude of most men with reference to church work. Anybody at all familiar with the subject realizes the point and pithiness of the suggestion. There really is no doubt about 1t. and the truth iS much more apparent than the reason for it. Go into the churches of any denomi- nation at meeting time and count tho worshipers. The women are always in the majority, and a big majority, too. Apparently they do three-fifths of the worshiping and four-fifths of the work. Take them out of the churches and there would be precious little left except the preacher and the building. with hard work to raise money enough to pay the sexton. The fact is noticeable and free quently commented on, but it is not re- called that anyone has put it any moro suggestivcly or instructively than MT. Groves in his talk before the Mems Club of Holy Cross church. reported yesterday morning.
 As to the fact, there is no room for argument. The women far outnumber the men in all religious activities. There is just enough of masculinity in church work to give it flavor. and really 1t Is remarkable that the ministers are all men, though some irreverent may remark that otherwise there would be so many, women interested; but that is beside tho question. |
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

called the manufacturers together and told them plainly that he intended to get munitions and it was up to them to supply them. He hoped they would sup ply them voluntarily, but he made it quite plain that he had the power and would use 1t if necessary to make over every factory in the country and to work 1t under martial law. He hoped, however, that there would be no need of that and if the experience of Man. chester Is typical of the whole country there will not. The manufacturers at once formed a local committee and ar. ranged to pool their resourves. All the engineering works of the Manchester district are to be under common man. agement and are to be worked as one plant. Parts of guns--or shells will be made in the works best suited for that services and the finished article will be assembled in another factory fitted up for this use. Payment for the various processes will be adjusted by the local committee and the sole effort of every body will be to speed up production and increase output to the greatest possible degree.
 d-George had equal success with the workmen When he explained the situation to them they at once agreed to forego their union rules about speed ing up and the employment of unsklled and semi-skilled labor and to strain every nerve to feed the boys at the front with. guns and shells. They were the more ready to do this as Lloyd George explained that the employers woud no longer be allowed as they were at the beginning of the war to make exorbitant profits out of the national necessities
 A far bigger scheme is under way however. which will probably be worked voluntarily, but which will have all the powers of the state at it's back If they are ne eded, and that Is nothing less than the mobilization of the entire labor force of the country for the production of war munitions not only for the use of the British army but for Britian's al lies. England Is the one belligerent country whose territory is untouched by the war and whose unexampled fla cilities for production are unhampere7 except by faulty organization. At the beginning of the war, it Is now realized too many skilled mechanics were allowed to enlist, who could have done muct better work for the country in the fac tories at home. Preparations are now under way for a complete census of thf labor power of Great Britain and wher this is made the government will have at its fingers end a record of the capa bilities of every man in the country. I
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

the wages are often about s1o a month. Common laborers on the railroads re- ceive from 50 to 75 cents a day. and the highest paid mechanics get s1.50 or s2
 There is a great deal of peonage in some parts of the country. Money Is advanced to the laborers and they work their debts out. They are allowed cred 1t at the plantation or timber camp stores. Many of the 1umbermen, or, rather, wood choppers and sawyers, are hired in the towns along the rivers. They demand an advance and take as much as they can get and then go in to work it out. A common advance is $50. The man gets his goods at the com pany store and his purchases are cred tied on his own books, where his wages are also credited If he stays until the end of his job he is sent back to his home. He must stay until he has earned the amount of his advance. If he tries to escape he Is arrested and brought back. The government is doing what 1t can to protect the laborers. but much of the work Is far away from the rail- roads and that of the lumbermen is
 
 the labor is made up of Indians who in some cases do not understand the contracts they make and are imposed upon by their employers.
 The first developments of Paraguay were brought about by the Jesuits They used the Indians as laborers. Christian izing them and giving them the begin of a hod for them and compelled them to marry. They laid out great plantations and built yerba mate factories, where they prepared the leaves for sale and ship. ment to other parts of the country. Their plantations at one time employed 100, 900 laborers and 1t is said that they had 100000 horses, ,00O sheep and about a million cattle. They set out great orange orchards and also began the cultivation of yerba mate.
 The work done under the Jesuits was systematic. The laboring popula- tion, which was composed mostly of Indians, got up and went to bed by the tell; They had prayers before going to Tcrk and they sang hymns while at laoor During the work the sexes were kept apart. There was no tim :, for flirting and the boys and girls were made to pull weeds for the sake of the Lord. r One-half of each week " as given to 1aboring for the society and the other half to the support of the workmen After a time the Jesuits were expelled from nearly all the Sot tn American countries. Those m Ps raguay had trouble with both Spain ard Portugal, and they were finally driven out in 1769.
 The Jesuits did much in the civiliza- ton of Paraguay. They gave the In- dlans the Christian religion and today D; actically all of the people belong to the church. Roman Catholicism Is the established religion, and there is . union of church and state Asuncion has a national college, the professors of which are almost all Catholics, and 1t has an archbishop who Is a man of great power in all things that have to do with the government and develop ment of the country.
 During my stay here I have met his most illustrious tho archbishop. That Is his title. His name is Don Juan Siu- soriana Bogarin. He Is a tall. fine look ing man of perhaps 45 years of age
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

and in speaking of the empire it may be as well to state in the beginning that for war purposes the empire means practically little more than the British islands. The overseas dominions have done splenddly and the troops that they have sent have been equal to any the world has ever seen. The exploits of the Canadians at Neuve Chapele and of the Australians and New Zealanders at the Dardanelles prove this. but when all is said and done the population of Canada Is only little over 100000 and of Australia and New Zea- land combined only about 6OO0,0O0 or all told about twice that of London. The empire must depend in the last resort on the efforts of the 45000,0 900 people in the United Kingdom. The job of the twin dictators is to organize the resources and services of these 45,00O,0o0 so that the last ounce of fighting power will be obtained from them.
 There has been lot of loose talk about conscription for the army, and there is not doubt that under existing laws the government has the power to compel uni versal military service. but there is also little doubt that they will not do so. Let us see what that would mean. The pro- cess of voluntary enlistment has already given the empire something like 100000 men in the army and macy, and in va rious government services directly con- nected with fighting. On the basis of the last census there are in the country about 7.25o00O men between the ages of 19 and Ss The military age has recently been raised to 4o so that we may estimate the total men of military age now available as something like S,00oOOO. About 20 per cent Of these it is estimated, are physi- cally unfit for military service, and a very large number are employed on es- sential work. such as railway and sea transport and other activities which must be maintained, and in which their places cannot be taken by women. It is doubt ful if conscrption would do more than add few hundred thousand of unwilling men to the army, while. on the other hand Lord Kitchener has repeatedly declared that he was getting all the men he wanted by voluntary enlistment. As matter oi fact. his call for 300,0O0 men about a fort night ago was met in less than a week.
 What the twin dictators propose tC do is to organize the industries of Eng land for the production of war muni. tions on a scale unheard of before IT the worlds history. Lloyd-George i. now engaged in a tour of the manu. featuring districts where he is con ferring with manufacturers and work
 men and arranging for the establish ment of local committees. each charged with getting the utmost possible pro duction out of its district He made beginning at Manchester where h.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

is proposed then to assign each man to the job which is most needful. For in- stance, a man making sewing machines in Glasgow may be told to go and make machine guns at Birmingham or a mo tor maker in Coventry may be sent to make heavy cannon at Woolwich. It Is other than willingly. for the whole country Is now awake to the task be- fore it, but if any men are unwilling the government has full power to com pei them to go
 This then is what is likely to take the place of conscription-organiza ization for war. both in the fighting line and in the munitions factories. The men at the front who can do more good in the fac tories will be sent home, and the men at home who can fight better than they can work will be sent out A stop also will be put to another terrible waste, the en- listment for active service Of married men while there are unmarried men avail able. surprisingly large proportion of the new army Is composed of married men and the country is just waking up to the enormous bill it is paying for separation allowances, and will have to pay for years to como in pensions to widows and orphans. All this is pure waste and Is simply the result of tho lack of foresight and organization. Thou sands of young men took advantage of the payment of separation allowances to get married just before enlisting and now their wives and widows, young and healthy women, are living in idleness on the allowances received from the nation. which were intended for the support of the real dependents of soldiers.
 The new government has already begun an industrial census to ascertain what ! plants are in existence throughout the country capable of dealing with war work. Lloyd-George. after all. can only visit the chief industrial centers and the local committees can only deal with condi- tions in fairly important manufacturing areas. but all through England and Scot land there arc scattered thousands of little shops and factories which are either equipped for war work or could be equipped at comparatively little ex- pense. One of the first jobs of the new ministry of munitions will be to make use of this untapped reservoir of machine and labor power and to co-ordi- nate 1t so that the greatest output can be obtained from 1t.
 learned the other day that govern ment agents have been travelling through the west of England Investigating the possibilities in that district of utilizing the hundreds of abandoned factories which became derelict when cheap coal
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11
Retake Turtle After 30 Yearu

From the Indianapo1is Star.
 Evansville, Ind.-Thirty years ago John J. vehee of this city, who Is now dead. marked the back on turtle he caught and then released it. The tur- tie was caught again a few days ago in Green river, near Spottsville, Ky. John J. Vehee. October 2, 1885," the cuts on the-shell read. James Vandolt. fisherman at Spottsville, caught the turtle and brought it to Evansville. Robert Handle, a river man here, who was friend of Vehee, says he rernem- bered when Vehee marked the turtle and turned it loose. Handle bought the turtle from the fisherman, cut his own initials and date on the shell and rs-, leased it again.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

bring them in bundles to their camps. Here they have drying houses, each con sisting of a framework of poles upheld by posts. The house has a floor of clay well hammered down. The branches are woven in and out of the poles of the roof and then a Rlow fire is built on the clay floor. This is kept up until the leaves are perfectly dry. Sweet smelling woods are used for fuel and great care is taken that there should be but little smoke.
 After the leaves are perfectly cured An OK is skinned and the skin sewed up into bag like a square pillowcase about three feet long. The leaves are put into this and so pounded down that when the bag is full it forms a solid bale. It is now placed in the sun. As the skin dries it shrinks. The mate leaves are pressed tighter and tighter until the whole Is as firm as a rock. These bales are shipped to the factories.
 I saw about 4000 bales of this kind when l visited the great mate factory of Asuncion, and in the warehouse were thousands of bags of mate stacked up ready for shipment down the Paraguay river and to other parts of South Amer ica. There were also piles of boxes and packages of yerba leaves. The boxes were of two and one-half and five pounds each. The bags weighed about 200 pounds and there were other packages of va rious sizes. I went through the mill and saw the men preparing the tea. There were great machines for grinding the leaves. When they come In they are mixed with twigs. They are first run through hopper and cleaned. They are then ground to a powder, The powder is put into presses and squeezed into shape, as l have seen brick tea made at Hankow in China. In one room they were sewing bags upon an American sewing machine