The Sentinel=record., 1915-02-21
SCIENTIFIC STUDY
 POLICE PROBLEMS
REPORT OF INVESTIGATOR OF EUROPEAN CITIES IS MADE
 PUBLIC.
Officers of Old World Cities Are Not Called Upon to Compel Conformity to Moral Standards Which Do Not Meet Public Approval.

New York, Feb. 20--A study of police problems in European cities under the auspices of the bureau of social hygiene, of which John D. Rockefeller, Jr, is chairman was is- sued here today in book form, under the title. European Police Systems.
 It is the third of series issned by the bureau, the two former having dealt with prostitution in New York city and in Europe A fourth vol tune, now in progress of preparation will treat of police systems in America
 The bureau of social hygiene, in announcing the publication of the present work, stated that while the bureau is concerned with the problem of commercialized vice, it was felt that intelligent suggestions concern ing this problem could not be made without a thorough understanding of the European and the American police systems.
 Tn collecting the data upon which the book is based, Raymond B. Eos dick, former commissioner of ac- counts of the city of New York. yis- tied twenty-one European cities and devoted nearly two years to personal inquiry into the subject. Tha most striking fact disclosed by his studies, from an American standpoint, the bureaus announcement says is the
 uniform integrity of European police men General corruption and favor | itlsm, it is stated are absolutely un- known.
 Summarizing the reasons for this integrity and for the efficiency of the European police departments as a whole, the writer says:
 "First-The police are not called upon to compel conformity to moral standards which do not meet with general public approval They are not asked to enforce laws which from the standpoint of accepted public habit or taste are fundamentally un- enforcible.
 fSecond-Control is centered where responsibility can be definitely fixed lin single official This official, thoroughly trained for his work and chosen with painstaking deliberation, is clothed with independent author Iity. Secure in his position and free from external interference. he enjoys the widest powers in dealing with his subordinates.
 Finally, the rank and file of the European police forces are selected and trained with the same care and | attention shown in the case of their superior officers. Indeed, in all ranks the character of the personnel is the essential constant factor of efficiency On this and on no other basis is it possible to secure an effective organ ization."
 Contrasting the British and the continental police, the writer says:
 Tn England the police are civil em- ployes whose primary duty is the preservation of public security; on the continent and, particularly in Ger many and Austria, the police force is the right arm of the ruling classes, responsible to the crown or the higher authorities, rather than to the people"
 The English constables, he says, are chosen from private life, whereas the continental police must first serve in the army. Where the police force is recruited from former army men, the writer says, "a certain de gree indifference 10 the general public tends to develop
 The average maximum wage of Eu- ropean policemen, it is stated, is only SAGA a year