davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19
SHOP EARLY.

With Christmas only a little more
than ten weeks ahead, the merchants
and the newspapers are commencing
to push the annual "shop early" cam
paign. 1t is being pointed out that
the autumn season already is well ad-
vanced and that the holiday shopping
rush probably will be heavier than
usual this year, for bumper crops and
returning prosperity are supplying
the people with ready money and max
ing them feel both liberal and opti-
mistic. As a result it is anticipated
that the coming holiday trade will
take on "bumper' proportions, to
correspond with the bumper crops and
the general good times that already
have returned and are gaining head
way every day. And this will mean
unusually busy times in shops and
stores, with prospective crush" of
trade just before the advent of the
holiday season. Anticipating an un-
usually heavy holiday trade this year
the merchants all over the country
are planning to make an extra effort
TO induce early shopping and are
earnestly advising the people not to
put off their shopping until the last
few weeks, or days, before Christmas.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19

Goethals in higher esteem than ever
1t would have been easy for him to
regard his task as completed, and 10
insist that some other be assigned to
the work of repairing the damage to
the canal in order to restore it to
service. But he, more than any other
man, perhaps, knows just how to go
about this work, aided by the expert
ence he has had in getting the canal
in shape in the first place. And he is
willing and anxious to "stay on the
job" until the canal again is cleared
and opened for traffic.
1t is this devotion to duty that has
won the unbounded admiration and
approval of the American people for
General Goethals. And now that he
again has shown an unselfish willing
ness to submerge personal plans and
convenience to the public good and
welfare, the people of this. nation will
more than ever feel like honoring him
and holding him up as a conspicuous
example of truly patriotic American
citizen, one who freely gives his very
best efforts for his country, so long
as the latter is in need of his SER
vices.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19
SMALL MERCHANTS.

Upon the so-called Stevens bill, now
pending in congress, depends to a
considerable degree the fate of the
small merchant Of the country towns
throughout the land in their struggle
for existence against the great city
department stores and mail order con-
Germs. 1t is great economic ques-
tion that is about to be brought
sauarely before the American people
prior to the assembling of congress,
and the success of the bill mentioned
is quite largely dependent upon public
sentiment. Every person in Dallas,
and elsewhere, who has kept his eye
open must have observed that for
some reason the big city merchants
have been gaining ground, while the
tradesmen in the interior have found
the struggle growing constantly hard
er.
The money order issues, and bank
drafts purchased, clearly show that
great sums of money that should be
used in trading at home, are going to
the mail order houses in the large
cities. And the department stores in
the great centers are monopolizing
the trade. and the little stores are
becoming fewer and poorer. This con-
dition is attributed to "cut-throat
competition, or price cutting, and
from every part of the country there
has come a demand for the enactment
of federal statute that will enable
manufacturers of staple articles to
fix a price on their goods and compel
the retailing at a standard figure, no
matter where the goods are sold.
The Federal Trade commission is
working in this direction, and the in
dieations are that there is bad wealth
er ahead for the handful of city in
terests that have been driving out the
smaller dealers, and growing opulent
and arrogant at the expense of the
country merchants.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19
WORK OF TEACHERS.

A fine rumpus has been raised by
Comptroller Prendergast of New
York, by the suggestion that public
school teachers do not work as hard
as is commonly supposed and that
they should be required to give to
the school service at least a portion
Of their vacations and days off. He
believes the present system is unbusi-
nesslike and based on a wrong pre-
mise. He does not think that teach
ers do more work in five days than
other people do in six. He is not
prepared to admit that teachers need
three months vacation each year
when other people who also work at
occupations that strain the nerves get
along with from two weeks to month
off.
Admitting that it is necessary to
close the schools in the summer
months, because it would be difficult
if not impossible to get children to
study at that time, even if it were
for the children's good not to give
them the "long vacation" he does
not think it follows that the teachers
also need all that vacation. According
TO his way of looking at it, much
work could be done for the school
system by the teachers during those
months that would save money to the
cities and not be a real hardship to
the teachers themselves-after they
became used to~it.
This sounds rather revolutionary,
but for that matter so does every
hing that is entirely different from
he order Of things to which we al
ways have been accustomed. We have
come to take it for granted that
eaching is unusually nervous work
md that the school teacher needs the
summer rest as much as his or her
pupils. 1t will take more than an
expert to convince school
in, general, and educators
II particular, that this is not so. And
{ the hours of work were substantial
Y increased for school teachers, would
here not appear Immediately a de-
nand for proportionately increased
alaries?
Mf. Prendergast also maintains that
he business of teaching is conducted
With too complicated an organization;
hat the school system generally needs
He says so much work
S done in the average city school that
5 a mere matter of routine and form,
hat it would be possible with bust
ess like system to increase the net
mount of instruction and at the same
ime decrease the number of teachers,
ven though the present hours of
FORK were retained. Of course the
eachers generally scarcely will agree
7ith him on this point, any more than
hey will on the other point which he
aises. But it is something to think
bout, just the same.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19
sUMMoNs-cAsE NO. 472o.

In the Circuit Court OF the State
OF Oregon for the County OF Polk.
Harrison b. Riley and William G
Nlblack, Plaintiffs, VS.. Mary Augi
FRANK Laundry, and the unknown
heirs OF Joseph 'Aug1, deceased, and
each OF them; and also all persons or
partles unknown claiming any nght,
tltle' estate, lien or interest IN the
real properly described In the COM
plant hereln, defendants.
10 MARY Augi, Frank Laundry, the
unknown heirs OF Joseph Augl, de-
ceased, and also to all persons or
partles unknown claiming any right,
tltle, estate lien or interest IN and
TO Lot o, and Northwest quarter OF
the southeast quarter and North
half Oh the Southwest quarter, Sec.
Glon Tour, IoWnshlp seven South OF
mango elght west, willamette Me-
Tldlan' oregon;
In the name OF the State OF Oregon,
you are hereby required to appear and
answer the complaint MED against
y. n :,
SIX weeks from tne date OIL the hrst
pupilcatlon OF TINS summons, to-wlt,
on Oh, oeIore tne IVh DAY OIL Novem-
Der, 19!o'
ana IL you ran TO appear ana an
swer IoI want tnereot' Phe plalntlffs
viii Apply TO the above enhtled court
lor tne relier prayed tof IN the COM
plalnC nerein' to-wlt'
"A decree adJudglng tnat plaln1l1s
a are s,e @he owners IN Zee simple OF Lot
o. the NORTHWEST quarter OF the south
east Quarter ana tne Nortn halI Oh the
9 ooutiwes1 u . 1U quaTter @ OF oectlon &, Up; =
o, N. o. w. w. NJ, olegoh' tnat the
ciaills Vi One oelendanIs' OF elener
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19
MAINTAINING ROADS.

Some opposition has developed tt
Judge Teal's plan to retain a road
master throughout the winter months
in order that the rural highways may
be patroled during a time when the
greater amount of serious damage is
done to roads by reason of the wet
weather. The Observer is convinced
that the patrol system eliminates
waste and saves large expense, pro-
vided, of course, that the proper prin-
ciple is followed, which is necessary
in every successful business. 1t is
doing the small things, admirably ex-
pressed by the proverb that "a stitch
in time saves nine.' When ruts be-
gin to appear in a well rocked road
they should be given immediate at
tention, and when drainage is inter
rupted the obstruction should be re-
moved, thus keeping the subgrade
dry. If when chuck-holes begin to
develop they are filled with a few
shovelsful of gravel it is the stitch in
time, and saves much repair work the
following spring, when possibly a
wagon. load of gravel might be neces-
sary to bring the highway back to its
former condition. A hoe or spade
would eliminate any obstruction to-
proper drainage. where later a davis
labor with a team might be required
to repair the damage created by
dead water" soaking into the sub
grade.
The patrol system is practical, and
should be adopted by Polk county in
the interest of the taxpayers, who
are annually raising large sums of
money for the construction and re-
pair of highways in all parts of the
county. The few hundred dollars that
might be saved by dismissing the
roadmaster until work is renewed in
the spring would be, practically
speaking, returned a thousand fold
through the patrol system if the work
be thorough. One who is familiar
with road construction, and the main
tenance of highways, certainly can
the value of constant vigi-
ance, especially as regards rocked
and graveled roads.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19
AND ALL FOR WHAT?

The balance sheet If the European
war continues to pile up astounding
items of debt and losses, with practi-
cally nothing as yet in compensation.
An apparently authentic compilation
places the public debt of England at
the end of the current year at the
colossal sum of eleven billion dollars.
The debt of France will be very near
ly as much Germany is apparently
more fortunate financially, her pub
lie debt being only about half that
of either of her two principal adver-
saries, amounting to about six and
one-half billions. Austria owes all
most two billions and Russia nearly
eight and a half billions. Italy, which
has a comparatively small public debt,
has spent about half billion since
the war began.
This tabulation estimates that the
war has already cost the belligerents
named eighteen billions of dollars, and
the end is not yet in sight. No mat
ter which side wins, all the nations in
volved will emerge from the conflict
tottering under a load of debt which
it will require many generations to
pay. There are no conceivable re-
suits which will warrant the expen-
diture Of these stupendous sums Of
money, to say nothing Of the millions
of lives sacrificed
Moreover, it is perfectly clear that
the havoc wrought with the industry
and commerce of the contending ma
tions must be added to the actual cost
of the war, and to the whole mighty
aggregate must be added the billions
of dollars lost ito the business inter
ests of the neutral nations, involving
also incalculable hardships to citizens
of those nations affected by the in
dustrial arrangement. Surely nothing
that has been accomplished, nothing
that appears possible of achievement,
can justify this appalling waste of
blood and treasure, of which there
does not appear at this time even any
prospect of cessation. And an amaz-
ing fact in this connection is that even
today there is no agreement as to
what the present war is about, or as
to who really started it. How future
will scorn such seeming
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19

tions on distilled spirits despite the
fact that wines are paying high taA
as result of the emergency war tax
law enacted by the last congress; the
enactment in prohibition states OF
stricter enforced laws; the discussion
of total abstinence and prohibition by
press and popular magazines, and the
marked decrease Of their liquor adj
vertising; the growth Of anti-alcohol
sentiment in the medical world-these,
with the endorsement of national con-
stitutional prohibition by hundreds of
influential organizations and the out
spoken declarations Of men prominent
in the official and political life Of
the United States and other nations
in favor of prohibition and total abb
stinence, have given a marvellous i'm
petus to the movement for the Danish
ment of John Barleycorn from the
business, the social, and the political
life of the civilized world. The ma
jority vote on the Sheppard-Hobson
bill in the United States house Of
representatives on December 2, 1914,
even though it fell short of a decisive
victory, was a triumph for nation
wide prohibition.
The white ribbon contingent of the
prohibition element is praying for the
of the temperance cause at the
polls in Ohio next month, and in Yer
mont in the spring, while encourage
ment is being extended to co-workers
in California, Florida, Kentucky, In
diana, Louisiana, Michigan, Minneso-
la and other near-prohibition states,
which are fast approaching the noun
tain top of statewide prohibition.
Verify, the nation is doomed to "spit
,otton.'
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19
WILSON FAvoRs PLAN.

The president has approved Secre-
tary Garrison's plan for increasing
the army, and the matter will be pre-
sented to the congress with the back
ing of the administration. The prop
osition as laid before the chief execu-
tive of the nation calls for an annual
expenditure of slS2,00O,OOO. an in
crease of approximately $4,000. .OOO
According to the plan as devolved by
the secretary a considerable amount
of the increased appropriation would
be devoted to coast defenses and a
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19
GUARDIANS NOTICE.

Notice is hereby given that the un-
dersigned has been duly appointed
Guardian of the estate of Henry M
Berry, an incompetent person, by the
Hon. County Court Of Polk County,
Oregon. All persons holding claims
against said estate should present the
same to the undersigned for adjust
ment, and all persons owing said es-
tate are hereby notified TO settle same
with said guardian.
J. d. SMITH,
Guardian of the estate of Henry M.
Berry.
SIBLEY & EAKIN,
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19
REAL PATRIOTISM

Colonel Goethals is no quitter. He
has withdrawn his resignation as gov
erQor of the Panama canal zone and
will set about the task of repairing
the damage done by the latest land
slide, which promises to tie up traffic
the canal for an indefinite
length of time. For this decision, the
American people will hold General
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19

A deluge of secondhand exhibits
from county and state fairs are ar
irving at the Oregon building at the
Panama exposition, and in many cas-.
es these are pronounced worthless by
those in charge.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19

In the confusion of greater clashes
the dumdum bullet seems to have been
lost sight of.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19

Of course the president doesn It
want to be bothered with an extra
session of the senate,between-now and
December Woodrow is busy with
other affairs.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19
OTHER THINGS
A Rare and Curious Collection
of Fact and Fancy.

The Dreamer.
I am tired of planning and toiling
In the crowded hives of men,
Heart weary of building and spelling
And spelling and building again.
And I long for the dear old river
Where I dreamed my youth away,
For the dreamer lives forever,
And the toiler dies in day.
John Boyle O'Reilly.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19

Dear reader, eat an apple. This is
National Apple day.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19
Keeps Her Own Secret.

Miss Lenora Brown is taking va
cation from the postoffice, her broth
er Hinton filling her place there. She
left on the l 80 train today Thurs
day. but where she's going she will
not tell, but look out, there has been
several going away from Willamina
this year without telling where they
were going but the boys were usually
ready to meet them with the tin cans
upon their return, and we surmise
there is something of this nature this
Times.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19

Martin Luther Boyd announces.
with pride. that he was on a jury last
week. And here we've been a whole
week irving to figure out why, that
Jury hung until after supper. and
then found a verdict in ten minutes.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19

The Rev. Messrs. Stewart are min
listers of the gospel in different de-
nominations and preside over church
es at Independence. That is to say,
one is a Methodist minister and the
other is Baptist. Genial christians
in that pleasant little city distinguish
the gentlemen by calling one the Rev.
Stewart and the other the
Rev. "Dip" Stewart.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19

Observer want ads. do the biz.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19

Somebody sneaked up and regulated
the court house clock last Thursday.
Al. Rushlight. Portland's W. k. reg
ulator of civic affairs, was in town
Thursday. So also was Bill Hines,
the polite joyrider.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19

Hank Serr, the W. k. and belinguous
grandfather, called on the Gov. and
Tom Kay at Salem last week.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19

Last week Herman Hawkins went
hunting with a cold on his chest. Now
he's got mustard plaster.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19

Bill White, the debutant prognosti-
Gator of atmospheric phenomena, says
the dry belt may extend to include
because Col. Matthews
sells seven bottles for s and Brother
Whitney sells only five.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19

A little cigar, a real dainty little
thing, brandished itself fragrantly
from Doc Cherrington s lower lip one
day last week. County Clerk Robin
son saw the odious fumigator, mistook
it for a cigarette and said: "Doc,
I do believe you'll be riding a bicycle
next time I see you."
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-19

About that new typewriter the
county bought for Sheriff John Orr:
We have received from the manufac-
turers testimonial written on the
machine by the W. k. keeper of Polk
county lodgings. "sin ce-udsing yure
q doble&action type, wryter
i have used No otherr: un hesittta-
ttingly promo nee it to be al AID Much
morre then the manfacturs sad It
W 2ud be. dueRinj the thine it hes
ben in Our osfice! it has paid for
iOself 3hree TINES -ej. .in the sAvini
og Timd an d labr.' i0hna W. orr :
pix county, sheeruf, dallas. ORE
gonE.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1915-07-15
Constipation Cured Overnight

A small dose of Po-Do-Lsx tonight
and you enjoy full. free, easy bow
ell movement in the morning. No
gripping. for Po-Do-Lax is Podophyl-
lin May Apple without the grippe.
Po-Do-Lax corrects the cause of
Constipation by arousing the Liver,
increasing the flow of bile. Bile is
Natures autiseptic in the bowels
With proper amount of bile. diges-
ton in bowels is perfect. No gas,
no fermentation. no Constipation.
Don't be sick, nervous, irritable.
Get bottle of Po-Do-Lax from your
Druggist now and cure your Consti-
patton overnight. - Advertisement.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1915-07-15
Hill Of Tara.

Tara has become doubly dear to
lrishmen from memories of the kings
OF Ireland and the famous million
meeting" of O'Connell. A few years
ago the sacred hill was the scene of
strange excavations, but not for the
discovery of relics of those glorious
days about which Moore sang in THE
Harp That Once Through Tara
Halls" The search was made for the
Ark of the Covenant, which some e.
hgious enthusiasts believed to be bur-
led there! Their digging among the
mounds was finally stopped by storm
of public protests. But the historic hill
OF Tara has already been closely con-
nected with "alien nobility" 1t formed
part Of the property bestowed by the
duke Of Bedford on Lord John Russell,
when created earl. in order that he
might maintain the title with dignity.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1915-07-15
Macadam Road Treated With Asphalt
Binder.

plain macadam, gravel, shell, other
hard surfaced roads, sand and clay
mixture properly graded and drained,
ordinary earth roads properly con-
structed, and, finally, unimproved
roads.
The second card asks for informa.
tion in regard to the tax rate for the
roads and the amount of work and
money expended on them.
The third blank is concerned with
the names of local road officials, and
the fourth with facts in regard to the
bond issues and the Indebtedness of
the counties for their road systems.
As there are approximately 5000
counties in the United States, in
many of which the mileage has never
even been estimated, it is hardly prob
able that this preliminary survey will
be exact. The department, however,
will be- able to detect any excessively
inaccurate reports for the road mile
age per square mile of territory does
not vary excessively. Except in desert
or undeveloped country less than half
a mile of public road to every square
mile of territory is rare, while, in the
most thickly populated rural sections
the maximum is no more than two and
one-half OF three miles. Thus, in
France, there is an average for the en-
tire country of LIE Ito a square mile.
In Italy, however, this has fallen to
sc, possibly on account of the noun
famous character of much of the PENN
sula and of Sicily and Sardinia.
In America the average is approx
mately so miles, which, in view of the
fact that much of the country is
sparsely settled seems unduly high. An
explanation, however is to be found in
the fact that in many states the law
provides that each section line shall
be public road. Thus, for example,
there are in the state of Iowa alone
pore than l04 900 miles of legal high
ways, manifestly a much larger mile
age than is required by traffic.
When the information in regard to
the existing roads which the depart
ment is now seeking is complete, it is
the intention to continue the inquiry
year after year in order to ascertain
the durability and economy of the va
rious kinds of highways. The data
thus collected should be useful to road
engineers all over the country and
it is hoped that county agents and
others interested in improvement of
agriculture will do their best to facili-
tate the collection of the desired in
formation.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1915-07-15
RACK BETTER THAN TRELLlS
collapslble Device for Tomato Plants
Bushes and vines-Frult Support
ed on All Sides.

A collapsible rack for tomato plants,
bushes and vines can be made of plas.
tering lath Chestnut lath preferred)
Fig. l shows a complete rack put to-
gether and ready for use. Fig.
shows a collapsed half rack ready to
store away.
To make the racks, cut cross-bars
16 inches long of lath, and nail them
TO the uprights with three-penny
nails, using only one nail at each joint
so that the rack will fold. The sec
tons are fastened together. says Farm
and Fireside, with wire rods IA inches
long, the ends Of which are bent to fit
into screw-eyes in the rack.
Cultivate the plants thoroughly until
~ or . feet high before placing racks
about them. When they are feet