New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-29
FIRST CLASS REQUIREMENT NO. 10.

In addition to the general shape OF the es'. rs
apex nase and margin. eo.or AID texture u Is I'M
port q for the scout 10 be able 20 recognize
whether II Is simple or compound simple leaf
has 4 blade which az most is only deeply lObed,
leNei d,Nded mo "holy separate pieces a COM
pound lear has a number OF separate divisions.
each on d little stalk Of rs own. the whole being
supported BY common stalk. or petole Examples
sassafras. etc. u the latter. the ash. hickory. wal
nut. horsechestnut. locust ailanthus Il Is often
difficult for the amateur ~ determine definitely
whether .eaf is OF the simple OF compound type.
but the question may always be- settled BY an e1-
animation OF the point u Junction 0f the leaf with
the stem known % bOtauists as the aXl Of the
leaf. II Tiny bud Is found It shows that the
leaf IS simple one. II no bud appears. the leaf.
leaf Scouinasters should explain and Illustrate
this distinction carefully. as most q the descrp-
tons o. trees. even In po9u.as books assume
In order to get the most benee, out Of his se-
quaintanae with ten different species Of trees. tho
scout must studs other characters besides the leaves
The bark OF tree Is often distinctive and Affords
IN excellent guide % identification IN such
trees as the white oak. The sycamore and the shay
wood is flowers Or fruit or for general ornamental
boys should have general idea Of the character
this Information vii be Of practical bensnt later
in NE In almost any pursuit and Tor that reason
the examination az headquarters Is made seD Thor
Il will he found Interesting. IS we'll as instruc-
tive 10 observe on each bike TIE various kinds OF
trees which pred0m.uate iu me region trayersot and
tie scout VIII soon AatOilf tllal AN species
apt 10 occur together. This sr0upiu. Of unrelated
plants Is known i plant society. and Is governed
hy soil and moisture. We'll as climatic conditions.
4 list OF the ten most common species should be
kept after each trip. AMI The various lists com
pared az the close u the season. Never fail 20
observe striking features in trees. However unim-
lOrtant they NAV seem >u-h features are often
distinctive. Thus the scarlet and swamp OAKS.
both common iu the vicinity 0f NcN York. may
be distinguished hy the amateur by only one char.
scter The lower branches ~ the latter instead 9t
projecting from the tree a. approximately nsht
angles dfoop sharply toward the gruund.
The drst class scout !, required % be able %
recognize poison ivy. There are many cases o.
iv poisoning IN tho local scout camp each yea..
The plant is a vine with woody stem. which at
tarhes itself % tree trunks etc, by numerous
threadlike ro0tlets The leaves are compound.
borne In threes invariably. and are Of a charac-
teristic dark green color with smooth, shlulhs
surface. In autumn they turn 10 brilliant shades
Of red and yellow.
The poison oak. or poison sunac. Is an erect
shrub found only 90 swamgs. Il has compound
leaves Ike those OF other sumacs. number o.
l.anefs arranged on each side ~ central s.alk
as In A feather whence the name pinnate. Tho
fruit clusters Of this as we'll a. - the poison IVY,
are " A grecuish color. not bright red as ~ the
harmless sumacs. Il IS even more poisonous than
TO Re concluded