Evening star., 1915-11-28

in Brazil are Italians. Up until 1907
the total immigration from Europe
was a little more than 2,b00.000. OF
these almost half. or more than 1900
600. were Italians. more than 100000
were Portuguese and 2SS,000 were
Spaniards. There were a large number
of Russians. Germans. Austrians and
Turks. and also Poles. Swedes and
Swiss. The Germans and Poles are said
to make the best farmers.
The government of Brazil, both ma
tional and state, is doing all it can to
encourage immigration. Nearly every
large port has its immigrant hotel.
where the new arrivals are housed and
advised as to localities. In many cases
they are given free transportation to
their destinations on coasting steamers
and the railways. If they want work.
planters, and the government watches
to see that they are not oppressed.
Such immigrants as wish to acquire
lands for farms are assisted in the Sc
them Of the crops each section will
raise and tell them about such matters
as transportation and the distance from
the markets.
The government also loans money to
immigrants. and 1t has arrangements
by which they can buy land on INSTALL
ments. After the first debt has been
paid the settler may add to his hold
ing from the lands adjoining. Houses
are built for the immigrants by the
government on credit. and in some cases
seeds and tools are distributed gratis.
AS soon as settlement begins ODE
peopled a medical service Is organized,
schools are established and interpreters
are provided to obviate the difficulties
of the language.
Before the war broke out the govern
ment of Brazil was subsidizing steam
ers for the transportation of fmmi-
grants, and if I remember correctly the
annual subsidy was something ike
100000 a year. The most of this went
to certain lines which ran between
Italy and this country carrying passen-
gers to Psrnambuco, Bahia and Santos.
AS to the government colonies. there
are now in existence something like
thirty-eight scattered throughout the
various states. OF these eighteen are
supported by the nation and seven by
the states with federal assistance. Six
others are supported by the states and
navigation companies alone, and seven
by the states without any assistance
from the government. All OF these
colonies are doing well. The most OF
them have public schools and medical
officials connected with them On some
the government has established demon
stration farms and also depots for CIV
ing out agricultural machinery and
tools At present between 100000 and
100000 acres are being cultivated by
such colonists and the market value
of their crops runs annually well up
into the millions.
Within the past few years new col
onization movement has come to Brazil
This proposes that the country should
be opened up after the same methods
as are now used in the Canadian west
The beginning of this movement was
through the Brazil Railway Company
1t has brought down some Of the lead
ing Canadian immigration officials, and
1t is esta blishing colonies along its
lines of railway extension. The work
is not active now on account of the
financial complications created by the
war. The company is temporarily ir
the hands of receivers, but the proper.
ty Is a great one and it will probably
figure largely in the future of Brazil.
The Brazil Railway Company is
American in name. 1t works under a
charter issued by the state of Maine
and it's hackers are leading capitalists
of France. England, Canada and the
United States. Percival Farquhar OF
New York is the president and chief
manager, and the most of its active