Cheyenne record., 1915-07-29
AMERICA TO DEFEND RIGHTS,
AND NEXT ATTACK TO BE
"UNPARDoNAsLE
oFFENsE."
ASKS FREEDOM OF SEAS
v. 8. WILL NOT AsATE Any
FUNDAMENTAL OR ESSEN.
TIAL RIGHT OF ITS
PEOPLE.
we.tern Newspaper Union News Service.

Western Newspaper Union News ssrvica.
Berlin, July 24.-The American note
warning Germany to-. respect u. s.
rights was delivered by Ambassador
Gerard to Minister of Foreign Affairs
Won Jagow. The full text follows:
Department of State, Washington.
July 81. 1915. The Secretary ct
State to Ambassador Gerard:
You are instructed to deliver text
ually the following note to the minis
ter Of foreign affairs:
The note of the imperial German
government dated the 9Th Of July.
1915, has received the careful consid-
Grafton of the government of the
United States, and It regrets to be
obliged to say that it has found 1t
very unsatisfactory, because it fails to
meet the real differences between the
two governments, and indicates no
way in which the accepted principles
Of law and humanity may be applied
In the grave matter In controversy,
but proposes. on the contrary, ar
rangements for partial suspension
of those principles which virtually set
them aside.
Validity Of Principles Recognized.
The government Of the United
States notes with satisfaction that
the imperial German government rec
ognizes without reservation the vail
dity of the principles insisted upon in
the several communications which
this government has addressed to the
imperial German government with re-
gard to its announcement of war
zone and the use Of submarines
against merchantmen on the high
seas-the principle that the high seas
are free, that the character and car
go of a merchantmen must first be as
certained before she can lawfully be
seized or destroyed, and that the lives
of non-combatants may in no case be
put in jeopardy unless the vessel re-
sists or seeks to escape after being
summoned to submit to examination;
for belligerent act of retaliation in
per Sc an act beyond the law, and the
defense of an act as reta1iatory Ii an
admission that it ia illegal.
German View Disappointing.
The government of the United States
is. however, keenly disappointed to
find that the imperial German gov
ernment regards itself as in large de-
gree exempt from the obligation to
observe these principles, even where
neutral vessels are concerned, by what
1t believes the policy and practice Of
the government Of Great Britain to be
: in the present war with regard to neu-
trail commerce.
The imperial German government
will readily understand that the gov
eminent of the United States cannot
discuss the policy of the government
of Great Britain with regard to neu-
trail trade except with that govern
ment itself, and that it must regard
the conduct Of other belligerent gov
ernments as irrelevant to any discus
sion with the imperial German gov
eminent Of what this government re-
CARDS as grave and unjustifiable viola
tions of the rights Of American citi-
gems by German naval commanders.
Methods "UnpardonabIe."
Illegal and inhuman acts, however
justifiable they may be thought to be
against an enemy who is believed to
have acted in contravention of law and
humanity, are manifestly indefensible
when they deprive neutrals Of their
acknowledged rights, particularly
when they violate the rights to life
itself.
II belligerent cannot retaliate
against an enemy without injuring the
lives of neutrals as well as their
property, humanity, as well as justice
and q due regard for the dignity of
neutral powers, should dictate that the
practice be discontinued.
II persisted In, it would in such
circumstances constitute an unpar-
donable offense against the sovereign
ty of the neutral nation affected.
The government Of the United
States is not unmindful of the extra
ordinary conditions created by this
war or Of the radical alterations Of
circumstances and method OF attack
produced by the use Of instrumental
tiles Of naval warfare which the ma
tions of the world cannot have had in
view when the existing rules Of inter-
national law were formulated, and 1t
10 ready to make every reasonable al
lowance for these novel and une1-
pected aspects Of war at sea; but II
cannot consent to abate any essential
or fundamental right Of its people be-
cause Of . mere alteration Of circum-
stance.
The rights Of neutrals in time Of
war are based upon principle. not up
on expediency, and the principles are
immutable.