The Pulaskian., 1915-12-31
III. HARVESTING FRUIT.
]. s. Knox, Extension Horticulturist.
 University of Arkansas.

j. $. Knox, Extension Horticulturist,
 University of Arkansas.
 One of the most important ques- tlons that comes to every fruit grower is, How can 1 harvest my crop of fruit so that I can get the best possi. ble price for it?" The answer to tho question comes in knowing when 10 pick and how to pick and the best methods of grading and packing then using these methods. One can use the most up-to-date methods of growing fruit, and may have the most perfect fruit possible and still fail to get Q good price for the fruit if he falls down on the above factors. Putting any and every kind and grade of fruit upon the market soon causes a glut on the market, and herein is deter mined largely the success or failure In marketing the crop.
 When to Pick: How can l know when my fruit Is ready to pick is a question that comes to every young or inexperienced orchardist. The an- swer to the above question can Da found in one or more of the following ways for apples. CD By the color of the fruit. When fruit becomes about the characteristic color for that var riety it is generally, though not ai- ways, ready to pick. Varieties like Gano, Arkansas Black or Black Twig can be judged by color largely. CD Ease of separation of fruit from the tree. If ready to pick the fruit will separate easily by gentle side pres sure or uplifting of the fruit. This is very good method for all varieties. (3) By color of the seed. This meth cd is often used for green colored va rieties-picking when the seed become real brown in color. (4) By flavor of the fruit. When a fruit develops the flavor that is characteristic for that variety, 1t is ready to pick.
 With peaches the color and springi- ness of the fruit is the principal guide for picking. By taking peach in the hand and exerting gentle pressure, If ready to pick, there will be de. cided springy feel. You will observe that a green peach is firm and does not possess this characteristic feel. Take a green peach in one hand and one that is ready to pick in the other and exert about the same pressure on each. Note the difference.
 For fruits like cherries, plums, grapes and strawberries, color is per- haps the chief factor in determining when they shall be picked.
 Pears are generally picked rather green and allowed to ripen in the shade.
 How to Pick. The best method Of picking depends upon the kind of fruit to be picked and that method enables one to gather the fruit with the least amount of labor and with the least bruising or rough handling is essen- tially the best method. If trees are headed low and kept properly pruned, the fruit will not be so high from the ground, consequently the use Of high ladders will be largely dispensed with.
 | The picking receptacle should be as smooth as possible to prevent any oi ulolh6 oA tAC Alulty nnu II tll6 IGVYRs tacle has padding or burlap or simis lar material, it will help a great deal here Place the fruit in the receptacle gently. Avoid all rough handling as much as possible. In picking, try to- avoid the breaking off of fruit spurs.
 Grading: All fruit should be care~ fully graded before packing. Here ig one of the most essential points for the fruit grower in Arkansas to ob- serve. Too often it is the case that the baskets are carried in the or chard and filled with the fruit just aa It comes from the trees. Many times this last summer in my work in tho orchards of the state I found this to be the case. These baskets are not repacked, but are placed in the car In that shape There are a few men. however, who are grading their fruit and these men are the ones who get profit from the business. To be sure 1t is more expensive but the higher price received for the fruit far mora than meets this extra expense. Then, too, it is such a satisfaction to have things look attractive and know that the buyer will be well pleased with his purchase.
 Packing: If you have fancy fruit put it up in a fancy package. It will pay you as it has done thousand Of growers in the Northwest. Appear ance sells thousands of bushels of fruit every year so make your fruit look attractive by putting it in the standard box These boxes must bo new and clean and T they are lined with newspaper and each lndividusl 'ruit is wrapped i'll tissue paper 1t VIII add great deal to the appearance