davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1915-08-21

have found the air scout of immense
value In detecting the movements OF
the enemy. They have also found that
the first result Of the use Of air craft
has been partly negative, in that their
relatively equal employment by both
sides has rendered impossible move
ments of large bodies of troops and
surprise attacks in force.
This, American officers declare, is the
great lesson of the war in relation to
air craft, proving that the aeroplane is
at most but an auxiliary which must
be used only in accord with the same
principles that govern the use Of cav
airy or other mobile forces sent out in
advance of the main c~ontending bodies.
1t proves, they declare, that the full
advantage Of air craft will be gained
only by that commander who has at
his disposal In air force which is not
only able to take the air and scout, but
which can also drive from the air the
enemy's scout and prevent him from
obtaining the information he desires.
In other words, under modern condi-
lions supremacy in the air is essential
to complete success on land and sea,
and air craft must henceforth be re-
garded in the light Of forces rather
than as mere messengers.
Improvement In Machines.
1t is on this theory that the navy is
seeking to develop its aviation opera
tons, now under the direction Of Cap
tain Mark L. Bristol, who holds the
new post Of director Of naval aeronau-
ties. And that is why Captain Bristol
Is at present concentrating all his ef-
forts upon securing the construction in
this country Of aeroplanes which shall
fulfill the military requirements fore
seen for such craft.
An order for aeroplanes distributed
among American manufacturers re-
Gently marked a large advance in the
type of aeroplanes built in America,
and 1t Is confidently believed that I'M
der the inspiration Of the governments
interest In the development of a more
powerful and more efficient machine
rapid Improvement will be noted in
aeroplane design. There Is no doubt
at the navy department that important
work awaits the improved machine as
soon es 1t can be developed.
The grand plan under which this
initial work of design improvement is
being done calls for making air craft
an integral part of feet organization
quite as much as the existing scouts,
destroyers and submarines. This is
where the American theory differs
from what has been done in Europe
during the war There the air craft
have been treated as more or less Of
incidental factors rather than as a
part of naval organization. The plans
developed by Captain Bristol call for
the presence Of two or more aero
planes on board each b~attleship of the
feet. SO that when a capital engage
ment with the enemy Is imminent an
air fleet numbering scores Of machines
Will spread out over a fan shaped
zone covering hundreds Of miles.
The first task of a battle feet. of
course. is to locate the enemy. With
this as their primary function as aids
to the feet. torpedo boat destroyers
were created. Their secondary func-
ton was the sweeping away Of similar
sent out by the enemy. The
aeroplane Is to extend this function
into the air, its first purpose being to
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1915-08-21

locate the enemy's ships and the sec
ond to brush away enemy air craft
seeking the home fleet.
Radius of Action 800 Miles.
For this work the United States navy
wants an aeroplane with a radius Of
action Of at least 300 miles. this dis
lance being selected because it Is the
average distance that a torpedo boat
destroyer can make in a nights III In
IN attempt to locate and attack with
torpedoes the opposing feet. Thus the
security of the main fighting unit from
secret attack at night will be assured
by such an adequate and efficient air
feet as the navy seeks to create.
1t is proposed to equip the navy areo-
plane with wireless. Thus the enemy
feet once located. the air craft may sig
nal back its position. Long range wire
as it is assumed that the destroyers
will form an inner protecting circle
around the battle feet, through which
a message from air scouts can be re-
layed to the feet.
1t is an established fact that subma-
rines can best be spotted, either when
running on the surface or submerged.
by observation from the air. A subma-
rine nee located by al aeroplane scout
and it is to be assumed that the next
naval war will find submarines accom-
panying the feet even on long cruises
Its position may be reported back and
defensive and offensive operations
against it undertaken for the protec-
ton of the home feet.
In this connection 1t is the plan not
only to use destroyers against the sub
marines, but also to invoke the aid of
dirigibles. A dirigible once given the
approximate location of a submarine
may proceed to the place indicated and
find it again. whether it Is running
above or beneath the surface. The dir
igible Is slower than an aeroplane. but
1t has, on the other hand, a capacity
for lowering owe a given spot which
an a~eroplane lacks.
Seeks New Type Air Gun.
Thus, American officers believe, the
ulliSiDie CuH Dt COuDttu Ol ~ ufOp
bombs upon submarines. 1t is believed
that with a time fuse on these bombs.
insuring an explosion whether they hit
the underwater vessel or not. subma-
ines can be destroyed. as they are In
capable of withstanding an explosion
In the water close to them. In inshore
operations %aeroplanes and dirigibles
can cooperate in a similar way, 1t Is
believed, TO destroy an enemy mine
field.
These operations require for their
success, OF course, an aeroplane fleet
with such fighting qualities that 1t can
prevent enemy air craft from attacking
the dirigible while 1t is engaged In Its
bomb dropping. The whole plan Of the
use of air craft with the United States
navy is dependent upon the first factor
IA speedy. powerful aeroplane with a
high degree of fighting ability.
To this end the navy is seeking a
new type Of anti-air craft gun. Present
tendencies are In the direction of a u
which shall operate on the buckshot
principle-a shell which shall scatter a
deadly fire rather than a single projec-
tile. This problem is being approached
by first determining the chief yulnera-
bility of air craft and then working out
a method Of attack best calculated to
strike al their inherent weaknesses.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1915-08-21

! Baseball Gossip
! By SCORE KEEPER"


when he got down to the serious bust
ness of playing ball. remembering the
fate of other players with machines,
he gave il to his wife for a birthday
present and told her not to let him
eve touch the steering wheel again.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1915-08-21
s~o.bIno,, Form Gives confdsnes.

Washington fans figure that the
chances Of their team In the American
league pennant race have improved
with the rounding to Of Pitcher Joe
Boehling. In a recent game against the
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1915-08-21
Won't PLAY Second.

IT'S said that Heine Zimmerman of
the Chicago Cubs has objected to play
ing second base any longer, as he
finds difficulty in making his remarks
carry to the umpire working behind the
plate.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1915-08-21
s,odors,. s~ipino Many Sacks.

Snodgrass has usurped Burns prerog-
alive. He Is leading the National
league In flched bases. The Giants
are leading the league in games filched
from them.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1915-08-21
aeekera Stick In Evidence.

The batting experience Of Beals
Becker this year is out of the ordinary.
He is now hitting the ball as strong as
the best.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1915-08-21

Groh Gives UP Autoing.
Heinie Groh Of the Cincinnati Reds
bought himself an automobile. but
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1915-08-21


Joe BoehIing Ready to Put One Over.
Athletics Boehling allowed but two OF
this once hard hitting aggregation to
reach third base.
With Boehling going well to help out
Shaw and Johnson Manager Clark
Griffith has a good chance to finish one
two in the race. When right Joe is one
of the best pitchers In the American
league.
Not Worried by Twenty Limit.
In spite of the twenty-one player
limit 1t will be noticed that Byrne.
Becker. Cravath and Bancroft still hold
their jobs with the Quakers.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1915-08-21

Golden Text.-'Thou shalt not make
unto thee a craven image" eek. Xxx, 4, 81.
The Eureka sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1902-current, 1915-08-21

locate the enemy's ships and the sec
ond to brush away enemy air craft
seeking the home fleet.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-03-29
PADEREWSKI In
RELIEF WORK
To Give Up Concerts to Organ
ize Aid for Poland, Says
Pianist.
fEy Gable 20 The Tribune ]

London. March IS. Paderewski will
sail for the United States on tour in
the interest Of Polish relief work on
April 7. by which time he hopes TO
have finished an organization for the
same purpose in England. In an inter
view to-day with The Tribune CORE
spondent he said:
81 am no longer pianist, but pat
riot. and shall not give concerts, for it
is impossible for me 10 live in my art
while millions of my countrymen are
starving"
He spoke with the old fire Of enthu
siasm, but the war has aged him
greatly.
In reply to the question whether
Russia would keep her promises and
give Poland her own government, he
said:
yes, Russia must, for Russia's own
sake, because that country realizes
that most of Prussia's power has come
through her misuse OF Polish wealth
and resources. Never can the world
have lasting peace until the worlds
conscience is clean.
This can never be until the world
has set right the 143 years in which
Poland has been oppressed.
81 believe the Car and the Grand
Duke are absolutely honest in their in
tentions toward Poland, and England
will use her influence for the right"
Paderewski went on to explain the
organization and what it hopes TO ef-
feet.
"Sienkewicz, the famous Polish nov
elist, is in charge OF the committee in
Switzerland and will transfer funds
into Poland with German guarantee
70 respect them"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-03-29
CALLS BALFOUR
A "HAIR.SPLITTER"
Senator Hitchcock RidiculeS
Attempt to Justify British
Council Order.

Washington, March 2S.-Arthur J.
Balfour's justification OF The British
Order in Council. published in to-
days issue of The Tribune. on the
ground Of international morality rather
than international law was character
lied as splitting" tonight b. SEN
ator Gilbert VI. Hitchcock, of Nebraska
member of the Foreign Relations
Committee.
Senator Hitchcock was on poken in
his criticism Of the courses pursued by
both Germany and Great Britain in
ignoring the rights of neutral nations
and suggested that il might be well for
the United States 70 consider retail
atory measures Of some kind TO bring
both TO respect the rights OF neutrals
BY no explanation he said. could the
breach OF international law be justi-
fed
mir. Balfour splits hairs" said SEN
ator Hitchcock at isn't any defence
for Great Britain or Germany that one
has ignored international practices and
international law in dealing with the
other. From the American point OF
view both are wrong. They may make
their excuses TO each other, but they
do not apply 20 neutral nations.
81 think the time has come when
the United States should aggresslyely
assert its right as a neutral. This
might be done by placing an embargo
on certain supplies along the lines sus-
gested in my bill TO put an end 70 the
shipment Of munitions Of war"
The Senator from Nebraska suggested
that there was possibility that
special session of Congress might be
called 10 consider an embargo.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-03-29
GERMAN WOMEN
WIN EQUAL RIGHTS
War Sacrifices Have Put Them
on Level with Men, Mrs.
Dernburg Says.

That the German woman. the least
aggressive OF the European champions
for universal suffrage. now enjoy equal
rights with the men who left home and
position to ight for the Fatherlsnd is
the assertion of Mrs. Bernhard Dern-
burg. wife of the former Minister of
German Colonies. Mrs. Dernburg re-
Gently Joined her husband, who since
the beginning of the war has been at
tn, head Of the German propaganda IN
this country.
THE hero spirit OF the German
women is the most remarkable reveal
ton of this world war; Mrs. Dernourg
said Yesterday. without exception
they realized how much they would
have TO contribute 10 the ultimate Ger
man victory. They knew that II was
ND to them 10 cheer the men TO do
superhuman things IN the face OF
fvefold majority. And the women have
splendidly succeeded. Germany may
we'll be proud of her valiant men. but
she is bound to honor her herolc
women.
The work Of the German women
began on the day the Kaiser ordered
the mobilization of the army. In every
city throughout the empire women
clubs were formed for the care OF the
soldiers at the front and the relief
work among the injured. All friyolitIes
we're eliminated. The soclal life cen
tired only about the menfolk on the
firing line. Every man before leaving
for the battle front was cheered by the
enthusiastic farewell of some woman
and pledged 20 fight his manifest hGnt
for his honor and her glory.
In Offices, factories and stores ger
man women took the places vacated ny
the men. Mrs. Dcrnburg asserted. Al
though It was hard for many OF them
to perform the hard work to when
they were not accustomed, they did
not protest. They we're even PROUD
OF the privilege TO do a mans WORK.
"And so it is that the bulk or the
mems work is done in Germany by the
wives, sweethearts and sisters OF the
men who are in the trenches hghung'
Mrs. Dernburg exclaimed, with the hre
Of pride flashing in her dark eyes
"These splendid sacrifices Of German
women alone will insure Germany
resurrection as d greater nation out
Ct the chaos of war" she added. Tine
fervent prayer of every German won
an is for victory and peace. Boln
must come, sooner or later"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-03-29

Chslons-sur-Msrne, France, March 20
Eleven thousand German dead have
been taken from the trenches won p!
the French during twenty days oil
fighting in the Champagne country
The German losses in killed, in prs
oners and in wounded are estimated by
the French military authorities at Co.
600. The German wastage, they say
has been two 10 one compared with
the French losses, because the Ger
mans would try to regain lost ground
by counter-attacks, repeated again and
again, with obstinate courage.
II was in these counter-asSaults,
supported by relatively inadequate ar
tillery and what the French officers
assert was inadequate morale, against
the allied troops, that so many Ger
man soldiers fell. For almost month
now the French. their officers declare,
by the superiority of their artillery
OF both large and small calibrc and by
n certain irresistible spirit. have, day
few hundred yards Of trenches; on
other DAYS a mile of frontage, and
from three TO five hundred yards deep.
Small Gains Each Day.
The Germans are bringing UP new
contingents steadily. They have had
in action on this segment of the fight
ing lines during March five army
corps, or about 100000 men. Yet, on
the evening Of every day. tho French
officers assert that the French have
held somewhat more Of the field than
they did the evening before.
The Associated Press correspondent
has been over the ground, and has
found that this is what has taken place :;
The French artillery, numerous and
concentrated. at times subdues the
German guns and tears up parts OF the
German trenches by sustained shell
fire Then, at a moment signalled by
telephone. the guns cease, and the men
in the trenches, with reserves crowded
into the approaches, jump out and
make a quick run for the trenches OPP
rosite. Then body-to- body fighting fin
ishes the attack.
Meantime. a barrier Of bursting
shells behind the German front line
This is continued until the captured
trenches are put into condition TO re-
sist assaults. These assaults are some
times unsuccessful, but the results
from day to day apparently have been
gains for the French.
French Guns Easily Superior.
The French are employing such guam
titles of artillery, newly constructed,
and of heavy field calibre, that they are
able to combine and concentrate tn r
fire in such a way as has not been seen
before in this war The French officers
say thei- guns can dominate the adj
vcrsary's positions at any time or place.
During the twenty days advance in
the Champagne region the French have
used a million and half projectlles
against places occupied by the Ger,
mans All along this front one heard
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-03-29
John D. DOUBLES GUARD
Two Men on Duty Over Wife S
Tomb at Tarrytown.

Tarrytown. y. Y, March 2S.-John
y. Rockefeller has stationed two negro
employees TO guard the body Of his
wife in the Archbold mausoleum a.
Sleepy Hollow Cemetery. They live
in what is known as the guard house
and have a telephone connection with
the Rockefeller home.
It was at first expected that Mrs.
Eockefeller's body would remain IN the
mausoleum for only a few days, but.
As II NAV stay there for longer time,
the guard has been increased from
one man to two, and the wire installed
that they may call Pocantico Hills IN
case Of an emergency.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-03-29
OFFICIALS OF CITY
TO TALK ON CIVICS
Mayor and Department Heads TO
Lecture at Columbia on Mu-
nicipal Rule and Problems.

A comprehensive picture of the
structure and working Of the city gov
eminent will be given in a novel series
of Lecture. next month at Columbia
University under the auspices of the
Academy OF Political Science. with the
CO. peration OF the New York Bureau
Of Municipal Research, the Columbia
University Institute OF Arts and
Sciences ana a citizens committee.
his is the first opportunity OF its
kind for studying the municipal gov
eminent at first hand that has been Of
fered. Discussions in which citizens
will participate will follow each meet
ing.
The Lectures will be held in Have
meyer Hall at 1:l, p. m. on the follow
ing dates:
April The orlee Q, M.yor; Soo'ia.,,oo
Board Of Estimate and APpouionment, MAYOR
Mtrhcl. discussion led BY pt r A O1e'e.."d
director Bureau OF Municipal Research
: t,oid.sater. Health Commissioner. discussion by
Homer Folks and Or George O'HAnlon.
April H. Police and Fire AImliiis'rsfl0n.
Police CommIs.louer Woods and Fire Commissioner
Aiamso.. d scu,siol b. Clement Drs.ou
April A-"Cha1ues aud Corre'toI." John 4
discussion by Professor Edward I Dey'ne
April To- Education. Paris aui Recreation 90
Or william u Marvel. Superintcudent Of Schools.
aud CABOT Msrl. President Psra Board discussion
April i'-"Fa.ucisi Administration. Blds,, and
Ia. Rae. William a rreud-r..si. Coa,ro,ler.
a Co and Professor = r. 4 Scllsm.n
April 81 HishTAys. Street Cleaning and Public
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-03-29
Albany SESSION
WILL RUN TO MAY
ecislative Decks Cleared
for Rush AdminiStra-
tiOn Measures.
,r.,r So c--c>rords-' o. The tribunal

,r-.., So C---c>T,rte~' o. The roun.
,,hsrv. March %. With little done
,.,,rr tho three months that IT has
~, in session. tho Legislature must
-, work during the next week with
r,h,,inc speed If it intends to carry
-, the programme planned by tho Re
.-,l;,sn leaders. The Constitutional
r.,1,ntior IS only little more than
,,sk of. and both houses will have
.,sr hands full not to interfere with
=, meetings. Because Of slownoss in
..,,irc down TO business there is now
f,.le hope Of the sessions ending be
.,,s the early part Of . ay, and some
,.,,vc that IL will last into the
Sumner
CompIairt has been made that. out
eide o. tho direct payment amendment
q, the worlmcn's compensation law and
80 widowed mothers bill. measures
,ss.od have been Of a purely ripper
- local character. However, senator
Tion T. Brown. the majority leader OF
80 uprcr house. has promised that
Srr;rr tho coming wees constructive
-aasures would he brought forth, and
N time lost i'm acting on them.
So far. most Of the legislation that
tes conc 10 the Governor has been
measures aboGShinC Democratic state
5snsrtncnts. Tomorrow the Governor
uiil hold hearings on the direct pay
rsnt amendment and the bill 10 relax
,be vaccination requirements IN the
,cbools. executing for epldemcs. ne
senate tomorrow night. II Is said. VIII
sct on the Governors Tax Department
reorcanization bill, which passed the
Assembly last week
RiIls reorCanizinC the Conservation
Department, the Charities Department,
Hospital Commission and Agricultural
DEPARTMENTS are slated for this WeeN'
There are no indications yet OF inc
bills rcorcauizinC the public service
commissions. The Thompson lnveSu-
eating committee SO far has made 10
move toward this end. and 1t has oeen
surrested here that the question pc
lei, 10 the Constitutional Convention
Governor Whitman IN the last WeSA
has shown little disposition 10 III Nne
places now at his disposal lhere are
TAO public service CommlsslonerShlp S'
70 succeed Naltbie, of the lst District:
and Decker. Of the I'd. and a head OF
the Department Of Agriculture 10 be
amounted; also other department
heads. notably a successor TO W. W.
Farley. Excise Commissioner, and the
new Conservation Commission and Tax
which must be provided
icr II is expected that the Governor
vi oct busy on some Of these ap-
sentiments n,;, shortly. The likely success.
sor to Farley is George Green, OF
Bingbamton. a former member Of the
legislature. who is backed by a power
hi group. headed by Senator William
n m ~ Rrnnrre lountN.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-03-29
DINERS GIVE 100000
FOR FRIARS' HOUSE
James B. Brady's Gift of $4,000
Starts Ball Rolling at
Dinner.

A new clubhouse for the Friars was
assured last night at dinner given
by George VI. Cohan in the Monastery,
in West Forty-hfth Street. The diners
guaranteed 100000 Tor the project,
James Buchanan Brady UNFOLDING his
d cmond studded reputation by giving
$4,000. The new building will be AT
100 West Forty-eighth Street, where
the Friars already own property.
Among the subscribers were Edward
Bruins, $4,000; James X. Hackett,
$4,000; Irving Berlin. $4,000; Marcus
Loew, $4,000; Harry Sanford. $4,000;
Harrison Fisher. $780, Gus Hill,
$4,000; George Kleine, $500; and
$1,000 each from Frank b. Straus,
Charles Thorley, A. J. Levy, George 8.
Dougherty, Daniel Frohman. Daniel
Roberts, Joseph Brooks. sylvan Levy,
Louis Leavitt, Joe Schenck. Samuel
Wolf. J. p. Muller. Fred Belcher, Ray
mond Hitchcock Bernard Frank. Leo
Frank, Al. II. Woods, Joseph VI.
Wickes, William Hepner and Joseph
Dixon.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-03-29
ICE BOWLOER SPARES AUTO
BUSHES Down Mountain With .
in so Feet of Sightseers.

Dingman's. y. J.. March pa two
ton ice bowlder bounded down on to
Hawks Fast Road this afternoon, nifty
feet in front of the automobile OF Will
lam Angle. in which he, his wife and
Mrs. Jamison Mllor were riding. The
point at which il struck the road is Just
qbove a cliff overlooking the Delaware
River.
The Angle party had stopped 70 get
a view OF the surrounding country.
when the bowlder rushed by them.
Pieces Of rock and concrete, driven by
the great bowlder. narrowly missed the
Automobiles heads.