davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-10-17

present scale The Indians have right to ex-
pect that after the signal proof OF loyalty to
the Crown and of attachment to the empire
which they have just given they will in future
be rewarded with trust and confidence and be
allowed to freely participate not only In tho
defence of their own country but in UNFOLDING
the integrity of the empire
Indians are striving to improve their condi-
ton in all respects, moral, spiritual, industrial
and political, and above ALL to secure unity,
which can only be done through the English
language and the British connection. The va
rious provinces and peoples will advance and
evolve on their own separate lines, but if Ind
ians can be moulded into one nation it will
only be under the sovereignty OF the British
Crown.
The great work of nation building has al
ready begun, and if the course laid down is
steadily pursued it will not be long before the
goal is reached. One sees the hand of Provi-
dence in the extraordinary circumstances
which have brought England and India to-
gether. No country is better fitted than Eng
land to help and guide India in the great work
of regeneration. What is wanted is more sym
pathy, more good feeling. and less dstrust and
less suspicion
England has to fulfil great trust. She has
to train India gradually to become as wholly
autonomous as any Of the self-governing colo
MES India also expects to receive fair treat
rent in the colonies and to be regarded by
them as co-partners in the empire The colo
MES ask for direct participation in the discus
sion of great imperial questions; so does India.
great British statesman said: I'VE are
constitutional country. But we are more than
that: We are the head and governing centre
of vast empire. largely acquired by conquest
within whose boundaries are many races and
many sovereignties profoundly different from
own. With patience, with tolerance, with
skill, by the discipline of self government, by
shrewd or firm strokes of policy, we have in
this generation, and the last pursued and are
pursuing mighty work of consolidation and
reconciliation which has continually tended to
make home within the Empire for all its peo-
pies. so that their rights may be established
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-10-17

cupy seats on the highest courts OF justice and
are also members of the Utmost sanctuaries
of imperial and provincial governments.
This may not be called autonomy, but 1t is
clearly fair beginning OF the participation
of the people in the administration OF their
own country and this participation, instead OF
diminishing, must 60 on expanding
in one important respect much remains to
be done. The right of the Indians to carry arms
is greatly and vigorously restricted, and the
commissioned ranks Of the military service, ex-
cept in the medical department, are yet closed
book TO them The so-called Indian officers
are inferior in position and pay to the youngest
British second lieutenant, and, although few
Indian princes and others hold high honorary
posts in the army, the military service is prac-
tically closed to the better and educated
classes. II is the earnest wish and hope OF
the Indians that after the war this great dis
ability will be removed. Any great expansion
Of the Indian army without Indian officers IS
an in,possbity. and it is also certain that
without the participation of the higher classes
in the military service it will be difhcult TO
maintain the martial spirit OF the Indian army
or 10 obtain sufficient recruits even on the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-10-17

at the end Of the year 1914 the Salt Ga
belle paid in net revenue more than soo'Voo'-
OOO or more than twice the amount OF Sir
Richard Danes optimistic estimate
This splendid result was doubly important
to the government II was not merely the
fact that it supplied the Treasury with badly
needed funds at a critical time and that II de-
monstrated what could be done through
more general institution Of reform methods in
Chinese finance it released the Chinese gov
eminent from an embarrassing and very unde-
sirsble situation. In making the reorganiza-
ton loan the representatives OF the quintuple
group. in addition 10 getting the Salt Gabene
for security for their advances. tied a second
string TO their compact: China was induced to
agree that until the time should be reached
when the revenue from the Salt Gabelle
would suffice 10 repay the service OF the loan,
the quintuple banks were 70 receive the Chi
nese governments taxes in the four provinces
OF Chilli Shantung, Honan and Kiangsu. Sat
isfied, at the end OF 1914, that the Salt Ga
belle was ample security for their principal
and interest, the bankers very willingly elimi-
mated this second and, to the Chinese mind,
very obnoxious security. Not only did they
do that but they turned over to the Chinese
Treasury S24O00000 from the salt revenues.
That was an important vote of confidence in
the new government Of China. To the inves-
tor security is, of course, even Of greater i'm
portancc than aluring promise OF proht.
CHINESE DON'T LIKE DEBT.
"Unwillingness or inability TO meet debt
-
pugnance by the Chinese people. This Incl
dent OF the loan and the Salt Gabelle, how
ever. illustrates the present disproportion be-
tween Chns's real assets and her financial
needs. China, while declining to borrow tor
administrative purposes, is ever willing,
might say eager, to enlist American capital
for industrial development. There is no do
main under the sun which offers such an at
tractive field for American enterprise and
American capital as does China, teeming with
undevcloped resources and hurrying with an
enthusiasm unduplicated in the previous his
tory of the world toward complete noderni-
cation along Western lines.
Il was a visitor in Rochester a couple OF
weeks ago on my way to New York, and
had the great pleasure OF inspecting large
shoe factory The manufacturer informed me
that his output averages 100000 pairs OF
shoes a year. I told him how pleased | was
to know Of his success. Also could not help
reminding him that great this output OF his
is, 100000 pairs of shoes each year, it would
not suffice to supply with footwear l per cent
of the people of China who can become pur-
chasers Of American boots and shoes.
China &c in verv great need of more rail-
ways DR.. Koo told me.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-10-17

ment OF India was assumed by the Crown.
British rule has made India safe against ex-
ternal attack and introduced peace and order
within. No Hindu or Mahometan ruler. no
Asoka or Akbar could claim sovereignty over
practically the whole of India as the British
Crown does.
A network Of railways covers the whole
country trade and commerce have been stimu-
lated 10 an extent unknown before and we are
in the full enjoyment OF the advantages of
the dominating material civilization which has
received so great development in the west.
1t must in truth be also added that have
not escaped the drawbacks and penalties of
that civilization. But the greatest service per-
haps that English rule has done is to spread
education in India. Although Sanscrit Ian
guage and literature attained high state CT
efficiency, yet knowledge was confined to a
few OF the highest classes, while the great
body of the people were STEPPED in ignorance.
But under the British government all this has
been changed, and although much has yet to
be done to bring education generally to the
masses, yet more than a beginning has been
made and further expansion is merely oues-
ton of time
Under modern conditions of life it Is not
possible for any people to thrive or prosper
materially without recourse TO those methods
that have conduced to the greatness of west
ern countries. In India trades and crafts were
wholly dominated by guilds and castles I'm
der such system there was often much hered-
itary and individual efficiency, but there was
no room for division of labor and production
on large scale, which are the main features
OF modern ndvidualism.
1t would be idle to expect that people like
the lndians-with such great past and the
inheritors OF such great cvilzation-would
have no political aspirations or be content to
remain In a perpetual state of tutelage The
Indian national congress was formed many
years ago, and in its annual sessions it has
done much 20 focus the political views of the
best Indian minds and to indicate in what d.
reotions reforms and advances are desired.
The congress in great measure voices the
hopes and wishes OF educated India II is the
outcome OF the contact Of the East and West
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-10-17
Dr. " K Wellington Koo Chinese Minister to Mexico Who tells OF
openings for American finance in his country

900, Mexican. was foated for the first time
in China's history, and it brought in subscrp-
tons Of S24,0Oo,OOo, Mexican, necessitating the
floating of supplementary loan of 100000,
Mexican. This year another internal loan of
Sl6,000,00O, Mexican, has just been concluded.
Efforts were also made to ascertain what were
the processes and amounts of revenue under
the old regime and then new methods were
devised to assure the people that every cent
collected from them for the government
should find its way into the Golfers Of the gov
eminent.
China has wonderful salt reserves" her
young Minister to Mexico assured me. "The
government salt monopoly, salt gabelle,' as
it is called, is an important asset, yet in 1913
the total revenue realized from this source
was only little more than sl2,O00,O00 Chi
nese currency. Now, the quintuple loan was
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-10-17

based on that security. SO the new govern
ment took steps to reform the salt admins
tration with dual purpose in view-admin-
istratve efficiency and the maximum possible
revenue The officials chosen to direct these
reforms were Sir Richard Dane, very expert
enced British administrator and Chinese salt
expert of note. These men were given ample
powers TO carry into effect any reforms which
they might deem necessary or desirable. They
set to work At the beginning OF 1914 Sir
Richard Dane made what was then character
lied by recognized authorities on Chinese
finance as "a very optimistic estimate; he de-
clared that he expected a surplus OF about
sax O0,00o-or just about twice as much as
the previous years revenue-would be availa-
BILE for the services Of the quintuple loan. To
the surprise of the Chinese government, the
bankers and financial experts-East and West
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-10-17
Help Yourselves" Says the Distin.
euished Oriental to American
Business Men, as He Points Out
Opportunities for Enterprise
i'm His Country Which
Would Benefit the
Human Race.

More railways In China mean better -.
ditons for all the people more rapid n,o,
ress and very material economy in III. ~,
OF government. Chinese railways are aro..
the most prosperous in the world Las, va,
the Peking- Mukden, Peking- Kalgan, p.t,,
Hankow lines earned net revenue Of sl2Wo.
900 End paid per cent on the inves,rs,r,
This fact should encourage American cap,l
lists 10 participate in the Construction A.,
operation OF railways. OF factories, the cu.u
ing OF mines-the full Harvesting Of CHM,
vast natural resources to world trade.
THE Chinese people want Americans to n.
vest in China, and this desire is no, based una,
selfish or sordid motives. They know tia, III.
people Of the United States have no poli,ca
designs on China. The American governneu,
made it possible for US 10 send hundreds 0.
students here 10 be educated, as I had II.
privilege OF being educated at Cornell and ca.
lumbia, and this influence of American educ,
ton has proved very great advantage to Us
as nation. China is proving to the world,
capacity for rapid progress which, while Il d
no surprise TO students OF Chinese history and
character, is possibly very surprising to thos.
only slightly acquainted with the Ideals and
the habits of the Chinese people. noticed
the other day a little paragraph in one Of III.
New York papers-a cable message from Co.
penhagen stating that for the first time in his.
tory Chinese are competitors in the building
of ships for European shipowners. Il seems
that steamship company in Drammen, Nor.
way, has ordered three steamers in China, to
be delivered in 1916 and 1917. Now, as stated
in the cable message, the placing Of this order
is. OF course, due to unusual pressure on the
home yards of Europe, but il is an index snga
pointing to China's great industrial future
Only last week one of the Philadelphia papers
reported that the secretary Of the Chinese
Trade Commission which recently toured this
country on the invitation Of the United States
National Chamber of Commerce had proposed
70 the Bureau OF Foreign and Domestic CON-
rnerce Of the Department of Commerce to id.
vertise American goods in China through the
medium of motion picture films, and asked that
the manufacturers and exporters Of this country
should supply them. Who is going to supply
the structural steel, electrical appliances the
thousand and one things which are essential
to China's immediate industrial and eommsf'
cial modernization2 The field is wide open to
Americans. China invites American capital
lists, American business men, to help them
selves 10 as large share in these opportuni-
ties as they may feel inclined to accept BE-
cause China has confidence in American men
in American methods and American material
ard my people realize the. very close assoc
alton between China and the United States
certain to rebound TO the larger benefit OF the
human race"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-10-17
An Interview with v. Il. Wellington
HOO. China's Minister to Mexico,
in Which He Urges Capitalists
TO Develop China, with the
Assurance That the Chi
nese Like and Trust
Americans.

turtles they have manifested great regard for
peace and order. Possibly the most remark
able feature Of the Chinese political transfer
nation Of 1911 was its relatively peaceful char
acter. More than four hundred million people,
occupying a territory more than four million
square miles in extent turned over new
political leaf with minimum OF bloodshed and
disorder
The new government in China, established
only four years ago under the sagacious lead
ership of President Yuan Shih-kai, gave its
first attention TO the restoration Of order, and
steps were taken 10 assure its permanence.
When / left China, two months ago, perfect
peace reigned from one end OF the country TO
the other The mandates Of the government
are faithfully carried out in every part OF
Chnas broad domain. There has been devel-
oped sense Of security and sense OF ma
tionalism never known under the old regime.
In Manchu times very often there were vice
roys in some Of the remote corners OF tho
country who would report conditions as being
satisfactory when they were, as a matter OF
fact, very far from satisfactory. Now that
sort OF maladministration is no longer posi-
BILE because in China to-day the greatest care
is taken in the appointment Of officials, and
every official knows that misuse OF his Office
will be severely punished. The people know
this, too and in consequence they look up to
the central government with respect and
feeling OF seriousness which affords IN impress
sive sign of nation that is truly united China
invites American capital TO cooperate in the
exploitation and development of China's vast
real resources because the Chinese people OF
all classes like and trust Americans. America
has always manifested sympathy and regard
for China and this sympathy and regard are
reciprocated. The poorest coolie in Chinese
village or town will tell you if you ask him
what he thinks of America or Americans
America is all right Yes, America is all
right and China is all right as field for
American enterprise.
MONEY IS THE UNIVERSAL Ian
GUAGE.
Money talks'-that is very familiar
American phrase. Money does talk. 1t is the
one particularly universal language"
Dr. Koo explained that at the beginning OF
1912 China's most serious problem was one Of
finance To reform the administration of the
country money was needed much money
Where and how could it be obtained2 Loans
for administrative purposes were most unpop-
uar among the people. To appreciate this
feeling among the people Of China some knowl-
edge Of recent Chinese history is necessary
So the government found it necessary to go to
the people themselves for financial assistance
the wisest policy, of course, under any cir
cumstances. and in Chinss circumstances the
popular policy. A domestic loan of Sl6O0O,-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-10-17
By Jeremiah w. jerks.

Enthusiasm is usually associated Nth
yop,h and acjsdor1 NTH age. In his crcel-
Iency DR.. Y. K. Wellington Koo pe
Iorc fvpe Of Young China 1cho combines
IN reru remarkable manner both ott'1-
b,tcs. For though only thirty years Of cge
Dr.. hoo is one Of the scisest among the
leaders Of Young China. To see him, TO
talk 10 him and hear him talk IS to enjoy
the Yercl1tion of icbot youth can accom-
plish through study and opPlicatiOn- Cor
nell and Columbia universities hare giUen
n America and the tcorld many leading
men Of affairs, but none more brilliant
than Wellington Hoo. His record IN the
clossro01ns and on the campus Is among the
best OF these ttgo great educational cen
tres The dan after Dr. KoO arrived at
Columbia University, ,oitlo1tt any Prepora-
ton irbaterer, without any time or op-
portunty for preparation, he made 90 IN
the mathematical examination. His sue
cesses AZ Columbia, including the doctorate
and editorship Of "The Spectator did
much 10 conUince skeptic1i Americans Of
the diIqcnce. the talent and the lcisdon Of
younq China. His subsequent brilliant
carer IN the scrrice Of his country has
been rery importon, contribution TO
China's recognition Of american education
and American appreciation Of Chinese
progress. Cornell has helped TO equip
YOUNG Chinas Minister at the Court Of
st. yames's, IN London Cornell and Co
h.nJia ruop iccH be proud of their part in
the life Of wellington Koo Who is going to
Nerico to safeguard Chinese interests in
that country, whcre lcisdom, enthusiasm
ond-ichot ia crcn more importOnt-the
capacity Of compelling confidence and re-
spect are likely TO be so essential IN diplo-
matte scy7'ice. Dr. K0o IS the sOn-ir-ld1g
Of Mr. Tang Shaggy, one Of the greatest
among Irving Chinese, t0ho also received
his education IN America. he 1cas the
first Prime Minister Of the Republic Of
China. Mrs. Koo ike her father and her
husband. studied IN the United St0tcs
Like her husband she had a brilliant coll
eqe career. She is a rcry great help to
him in the importoa. 1cork tchich prom
ises 20 much for China and for 'corld
WclfGre.
And Of this oL-important 1cork for its
countrH ,clich Young China is beginning
10 do. DR.. Koo spoke to me at great
length for The Tribune.
NV TISELY, the American people be
w leve in peace and order as prereq
usites Of good government DR.
Zoo began. $50, too do the Chinese people
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-10-17
India is the foundation

Uhout India there Emperor India is the foundation
upon which the British Empire rests
No country better fitted than England TO help and guide
India in the great rOk of regeneration What is Waned is
more sympathy and good feeling less dsust and suspcon
"England has to fulfil great trust She has to train India
gradually become autonomous of the Segopern-
ing colonies"
There is tendency to cast Indians the fold with
all forgetting that Indian civilization back
to a time when Greece scarcely knOnn.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-10-17
Continued from first page.

10 the discovery Of Labrador, Newfoundland
and North Canada generally.
The first English East India Company was
formed in 1000 under a charter granted by
Queen Elizabeth, and it was not till after
years Of severe struggle, first with the Dutch
and then with the French, that the English
obtained firm footing in India.
The European nations obtained material
trade concessions and secured valuable land
settlements by taking sides in the quarrels OF
the Indian princes, who were often at feud
with one another The foundations OF British
power in India were laid by Give, who first
worsted Duplex and the Nabob of Arcot in
the south. Later in Bengal, in the field of
Plassy. he routed in 1857 the forces of the
reigning nabob as much by his valor as by
his astutcness in taking advantage OF disaf.
lection In the ranks OF his opponent.
British sovereignty In India thus commenced
with the acquisition OF Bengal and Bihar. but
in the course of the next hundred years it ex-
tended TO the whole of India. 1t is true that
nearly third of the country is still under
native rule. but all the chiefs have to acknowl-
edge the suzeranty OF the British throne and
have no independent external relations what
ever
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-10-17
ENGLAND BENEFITS INDIA.

The growth and consolidation OF British
power in India, extending now 10 period OF
about $50 years. is a bright chapter in their
history. OF which. in spite Of some obvious ex-
oeptons, the English might well be proud
Many British names both in civil administra-
ton and in military exploits, stand out in
prominent relief as imperishable landmarks.
The mutiny OF 1857 came d disagreeable
surprise and for a time threatened the disap-
pesranee Of all good relations, but II was to
the eternal credit Of Lord Canning, who was
then Governor General, that peace and quiet
were restored with as little bloodshed and
with as little display OF acrimonious feeling as
possible.
In the following year the East India Com
pany was abolished and the direct govern
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-10-17

INV TISELY, the American people be-
w leve in peace and order as prereq-
uisites Of good government DR..
Koo began. $50, too, do the Chinese people.
Whatever else may be said of the Chinese peo-
pie, i, is a fact that through very many cen
Evening star., 1915-12-29
Prof. Burr Shows the Need
of Good General TRAINING
for Engineer Specialists

Addressing subsection Of the sec
ton of the general congress devoted
to education. Prof. William H Burr of
Columbia University spoke this morn
ing on The Relative Importance of
General Training in Engineering
Branches to Extreme Specialization"
MIR. Burr said, in part:
"A special field of engineering is re-
lated IN many ways to other fields, and
advances in any one of them affect fire.
quently to material extent the in
terests of others. An intending spe-
clalist, therefore, should receive gen
eral educational training in engineer
ing as far as fundamentals are con-
cerned.
The present demand is toward a
broader and more general engineering
training on which to base specializa-
tlons-i.e., to decrease excessive drill
IN mere computations and laboratory
manlpulations and devote more time to
fundamental matters or general prin-
clpleS, so that the final specialize ton
may be less narrow and more effective
In such educat tional work there would
still be ample opportunities for legiti-
mate computation and design work of
work suitable to illustrate general
principles and the attainment of such
full technical information and practice
as may properly be reached in the pro-
fessional school. 1t is pointed out that
law and medical schools follow essen
TALLY such a plan, in which the ulti-
mate specialization is made only after
the general professional education is
completed"