davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
AUSTRIAN RETREAT
BECOMES RouT

London.-Russian military critics
assert that by the Russian New Year,
January Is, Germany will be fighting
desperately to defend her own from
tiers, and that all hope of capturing
Warsaw and combining operations to
Russian territory has been destroyed
by the overwhelming defeat OF the
Austrians.
Southwark in Galicia, along the
Dunajec and Biala rivers, the situa-
ton Is even more ominous for the
hopes of the Germanic allies. In west
ern Galicia and along the Carpathians
the Austrians under Gen. Won Boehme-
Ermolli have suffered the fate which
overlook Won Auffenberg and Dankl
early in September, when their forces
were shattered by the Russians. The
Austrians poured great army
through the Carpathians for the pur-
pose Of crumpling the Russian left
wing and assisting Won Hindenburg's
drive toward Warsaw.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
CAPTAIN WENT
DOWN WITH SHIP
Stories Told by Survivors Of
the Lost Formidable.
MAGAZINE DID NOT EXPLODE
Thirty-Four Other officers Perished
With the observation-disclosures
Chief British Naval
Station.

London.-Five hundred and seventy
nine men persisted by the sinking OF
the British battleship Formidable in
the English Channel on New Years
Day, according to the latest estimates.
OF the crew of $50 men POI were
saved, a cutter, with 80 living aboard
having reached land since the first
casualty list was compiled.
Many of the survivors Of the For
midable were landed at Brixham, De.
Won, others at Lyme-Regis, Dorset,
which indicates that the disaster &C.
CURED at the western end of the Eng
fish Channel, although the admiralty
has not given the location, nor has 1t
made a definite statement with refer
ence to the real cause.
Survivors relate that the warship
was struck above the magazine The
explosion was terrific, but the maya.
zine was not reached. Had this also
blown up the ship would have found
cred without there being time to save
anybody.
no Tic WdtcI IuSn0u tDt lIkou vi
the Formidable hurried to the deck
They found that the vessel already
had heavy list to the starboard. The
small boats were sent out. A cutter
foundered and the men in her were
drowned. A launch and pinnace sue
ceeded in getting away.
Albert Edward Cooper, master at
arms, one of the survivors landed at
Lyme-Regis, said the explosion oc-
Cured between 100 and $50 o'clock
in the morning. When he reached the
deck the ship had begun to settle on
the starboard side. Boats were
launched and remained near the ship
to pick up survivors, but some of the
boats, which stood out about 20 yards,
were swamped by wreckage.
The men were all scantily clad and
suffered terribly from the cold during
the 20 hours occupied in reaching
shore.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
PITH OF THE
WAR NEWS

Advices from Amsterdam state that
100000 Germans passed through Col
ogne on the way east. They are be-
ing sent to Gen. Won Hndenburu
preparatory to another great effort
to batter through the Russian lines.
A reliable report in London said that
Great Britain would suggest to the
United States the establishment of a
Joint commission to act as board
Of appeal on rulings by the Prize
Court on ship seizures.
The German Imperial Chancellor de-
clared that Germany had enough
supplies on hand and enough funds
to keep up the war indefinitely.
Announcement of creation of six Brit
ish armies showed that kitchener's
volunteers had been merged with
the regular forces, and indicated
that 100000 British soldiers would
soon be at the front.
Foreign statisticians compute that the
first five monthms of war have cost
the nations engaged total Of 6,0Oo,.
600 men and $7,ooo,0oO,0oo.
Berlin announced that German forces
had abandoned the attempt to cap
ture ST. Georges in Flanders anc
said that the British artillery fir
had destroyed the village and tina,
Il had been flooded.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
GERMAN filters RAIN
BOMBS ON CHANNEL PORT

London.-The Daily Nails CORE
spondent at Dunkirk telegraphs:
In answer to our raid on Cuxhaven
German aeroplanes raided Dunkirk,
dropping bombs all over the town. A
feet of four aeroplanes few several
times across the city, dropping bombs
on each journey The soldiers in the
streets replied with a vigorous rifle
fire, but the aeroplanes sailed calmly
on. One seemed to have been hit, for
1t turned it's head and descended sew
eral hundred feet before righting it.
self, but 1t got away safely.
No sooner did one aeroplane seem
to be departing than another arrived.
The whole city cracked with the noise
of the rifle shots and bombs which
threw up dense clouds OF black smoke.
Buildings and windows were smashed
in all directions. The tramway lines
were cut clear through in one place.
The first bombs fell in the fortifica-
tioAs Two more landed near the rail-
way station. Others fell in the Rue
Caumartin, in the kitchen Of the mill
tary hospital near the town hall, In
the Rues Pierre and Newport, near
the arsenal and in the suburb of Ros-
endael.
Factory districts In Coudekerqee
and Fumes also suffered. Many were
wounded in these places. The arm
of a child was blown off. An old wo.
man was killed outright, her body
dreadfully disfigured. The bombs
were filled with shrapnel which pitted
The walls of buildings.
The official returns estimate the
casualties at is killed and 80 wounded
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
CAMPAIGNS EAST AND WEST.

London.-On the eastern battle
front, the Austrians seem to be con-
tinuing their retreat toward Cracow
and the Carpathians with the victori-
GUS Russians hard on their heels,
while in Poland the German invaders
are being vigorously attacked along
an S0-mile line from Opoczno nor h
to the juncture of the Bzura with
the Vistula and are decidedly on tn +
defensive. In this fighting both
Petrograd and Berlin claim the ad-
vantage. In East Prussia the Ger
mans report gaining ground agains.
the invading Russians.
Hot fighting continues at the No h
Sea extreme of the western battle
line, where the little town of St
Georges, couple of miles east OF
Newport, is the bone of contention
Berlin now admits its capture by tbs
Allies. The Allies claim to have adj
vanced a little TO the north of Nieu
port There is continuous fighting in
the Vosges and the Argonne, with the
French reporting gains. Along the
Aisne and in the Champagne region
heavy artillery duels rage.
AS usual, both Petrograd and Con-
stantinople tell of victories in the
Caucasus.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
GERMANS MOVING ON WARSAW FORTS
AUSTRIANS ARE ROUTED IN BUKOW|NA
Won H|NDENBURG ADOPTS NEW PLANS
Berlin Reports French Repulsed in West and Tells Of Pro-
gress in Poland---Petrograd Recounts Advances
KAIsERs ARMY TAKES IMPORTANT POINT in HARD FIGHTING

London.-The German General STAFF
reports the repulse OF French attack
In the Argonne. 1t announces that
the Russians have been badly beaten
west of the Vistula, that the attacks
In the Rayka region are proceeding
and that reports of Russian successes
In Poland are pure inventions.
The Russian General staff reports
that the Austrian retreat in southern
Galicia has developed into rout,
that the Austrians are also being beat
en- in western Galicia, that all German
attacks on the Bzura-Ravka front have
been repulsed and that the Germans
have undergone a severe reverse in
fighting fifty miles north of Cracow.
The French War Office reports the
success of operations in Alsace and
announces that the slackening of the
allied offensive noticed recently has
been caused by the incessant rains all
along the front
Italy despatched a warship to pro-
tect her interests in Durazzo, the AL
bantam port. A rebel force is reported
marching toward Durazzo.
The withdrawal of six German army
corps from before Warsaw was due to
a change Of tactics by Field Marshal
Won Hindenburg.
The effort to take Warsaw has not
been abandoned. The German Field
Marshal has diverted troops to Ger
winsk, on the Vistula River, north of
Warsaw. and Groitzy, on the Vistula,
south of Warsaw. He is attacking
with all his strength toward the Rus
sian fortresses at Nowo Georgiewsk
and Ivangorod.
These two forts command the ap-
proaches to the unfortified Polish cap
ital. The Germans have captured an
important Russian position at Borji-
NOW, but have gained no other import
ant advantage. Nevertheless, the Ger
mans are everywhere holding their
own in Poland.
The Austrians, on the other hand,
have been again defeated in Galicia,
and have lost Uzsok Pass. The Aus
trian retreat in Bukowlin is described
as almost a rout.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
SAY We GOULD
STOP THE WAR
Representatives voIImer and
Barth0Idt Talk.
HOW THEY WOULD END 1T ALL
The Iowa Congressman Declares That
We Are Sending Relief To Bel
GUM and Dunn Dunn Bull
lets For Germany.

Washington, D. Glow the United
States could end the European war in
80 days, by cutting off the export OF
war supplies, was described by Repre-
sentative Vollmer, of Iowa, to the
House Foreign Affairs Committee.
With Representative Bartholdt, he in.
dorsed a joint resolution to empower
the President, in his discretion, to pro-
hibit such exports.
American embargoes from 1894
down to the Mexican arms embargo of
1912 were cited by Vollmer in legal
argument to support the constitutional
right Of Congress to act.
President Wilson," he said, "sus-
pended the embargo of export Of arms
and munitions to Mexico in the inter.
ests of true neutrality as against neu.
trality on paper.
Il maintain that the pending reso
| luton Is in line with the historic
reputation of this nation as the great
est advocate of peace. 1t is not In
line with that reputation to supply the
instruments of murder to European
nations. Are we to take the position
of the arch-hypocrite among the
nations? Are we to go upon our
knees and pray for peace. and at the
same time supply the death-dealing
instruments to Europe? Are we to
plead with God for peace with the
blood money in our pockets?
I'VE are now in the position Of
sending dollars for Belgium and dunn
dunn bullets for Germany"
State Department officials have
practically completed their investiga-
ton of charges made by the German
ambassador, Count Bernstorff, that
dun dunn bullets were being supplied
from the United States to the armies
of the Allies. An answer to Count
Won Bernstorff will be made within the
next few days.
No Dunn Dunn Bullets.
The departments investigators have
reported that the samples of dunn
dun bullets submitted by the German
Ambassador as having been made in
the United States would not fit any
rife being used by the Allies.
State Department officials have also
been informed by an American diplo-
mat just back from Europe that he
found no ground for charges that
Belgians have been mutilated by Ger
man soldiers.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
PARCEL POST All
GREAT sURPI3l
Growth in Two Years. Exceed.
All Expectations.
YIELDS MILLIoNsIN REVENUE
Estimates From so Offices ,nd;e.,.
1,2oo,ooo,ooo Packages wer.
Handled This Year-aFarr
Products Post" Success.

Washington, d. C.-The first tvrI
years operation Of the parcel post hsssr
been marked by phenomenal growth
and the revenues 1t has brought iDsn
the public treasury have placed tho
Postofice Department upon a self-sus.
tanning basis, according to Government
officials who have been checking nm
on the parcel post traffic and revenues
The most extravagant predictions Of
Representative Lewis, the Legislative
father OF the parcel post" have beer
exceeded by the amount of parcel posi-
business during the second year Of its
operation.
Estimates of the amount of parcel
POST revenue range between $4,000
wv and $50,000,0O0 during the year
now closing. II books and catalogues
arg ncluded, 1t is stated the tossr
pSicei post revenue will agAssa.o 4
@Uou. 100000. So heavy was Inc
Sn ,.s parcel post traffic that 1t is,
oeneseo thaA the total number of pack
ss ons o ooa aa tie present year will total
The PostoficeN Department checks
up on the amount oltraffic and revenue
in parcel post twice yaarS 800.
plete record of parcels Lan4 - a.
so largest postofices foJ a Tsr,oa - 'l Il
days. The last record for Is asr u :"
ing October Is showed that 30 moo
packages were handed. The 81, Ia.
est postof1ces hands, abut two-tb;,,, (
OF the total parcel post hsiness. VIII,
makes about 100,O0C.0D packages
month, or 1,20o,oo0,oof q year. Tn.
April count showed 40. 1000 paclsrs.
handled. The phenomlal Chrisfr,ssl
traffic It is estimated yffsafcs e. i. 90 &
ference between the April and ocfobel
counts, and thereby brings the total d
100000, 900 packages.
One Of the arguments used in Con-
gress for the passage of the Postoffics
Departments new railway mail bin n
that more extension of the parcel pos
system Is being mapped out and tb,.
the department does not desire to 81
tend the service until the railroads ..
paid under another basis, so that tier
may receive compensation for carryins
the package mail. What these e. n
sicns involve Is not given out. bn5 IL,
said It is planned 10 developlsY II 1T
the farm products post" BY FedpdS
the Initial pound rate from Cres,s
2 cents and by reducing the ratJ V f.
the sixth, seventh and eighth zon]
The success with which the :" &.
products post" has met in numb Z
large cities in developing trade d.
ly between the producer and III FL
consumer has prompted the Pok ~.
Department to formulate addAuku.I
plants for the development of a.
service. &
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08

London.-German naval warfare
once more succeeded in getting home
on the British fleet, when, in the
height OF heavy gale in the English
Channel, the battleship Formidable
was struck either by mine or a
submarine torpedo and went down
with more than 600 of her crew.
The Daily Chronicle states that sur
vivors Of the battleship report that
the vessel was torpedoed both fore
and aft, and sank almost Immediately,
giving the crew hardly time to escape.
The official announcement from the
Press Bureau reads merely as follows:
THE battleship Formidable was
sunk in the Channel, but whether by
mine or a submarine is not yet Ger.
tain. Seventy-one survivors have been
picked up by British light cruiser,
and it is possible that others may
have been rescued by other vessels"
This expressed hope was partly full
filled later in the day, when the trawl-
er Providence made port in Tor Bay,
bringing with her seventy additional
members of the rormidabie's crew,
making the total saved out of $50,
so far as is known, 141.
The. Formidable was more than fif-
teen years old, and in the age Of
dreadnoughts had long outlived her
name. She was 15,000ton ship, and
went into commission in 1899, being
sister Of the Irresistible and Implac-
able,
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
FRENCH ATTACKS IN ARGONNE
BEATEN OFF BY GERMANS

Berlin, (via wireless to London.)-
The official statement issued by the
German army headquarters says:
Some of the enemy's ships, accom-
panied by torpedo boats, appeared off
Westende (Belgium), without firing.
ION the whole of the western front
artillery fights took place. An infantry
attack by the enemy followed to the
north of st. Menehould Tin the Ar
gonne Forest). 1t was beaten off with
severe losses to the French"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
RECORD APPLE YIELu
Actual Agricultural Crop Greater Il
That OF Previous Year 4 4

That OF Previous YesrI
Washington. D. C.--Last years
apple crop was the largekt ever Ds>
duced in the United yates. EsiE
mates announced by Gie Department
of Agriculture placed the 1914 yielS
at 250,000,000 bushels, or 114,00o.oes
more than was produced last year.
These figures represent the actaas
agricultural YIELD" the Departnles
explained. and should nbt be confuse
with those of the commercial csssas
which comprise the marketed porss@s
OF the total production! In 1919 ~
commercial crop was estimated al sS
per cent. Of the Agricultural process
ton. Using the same prof rtion ass
the 1914 basis, this years SEnmetcss
crop would total 103, 900, 0qApdsBeg
The States leading in tho zoJEessasss
Of apples last year were
New York. $500. 900 bush ); ~
sylvania, 23.1O0, 900; MichiEs II 49,.
600; Virginia. 1890. 000 enkrs.ss
14,700,000; Ohio, 13.s00'o 9Q:sAiss "a
12.500,00O; West virginia .4oiI 49,. -
North Carolina, 9,000.000 1npss.sss
S,60O.O00. and Washin9<o1 zac,sis
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
GREECE READY TO MosoLlzE.
All Necessary Measures Taken. Says
Premier.

Paris.--The Havas correspondent at
Athens sends the following excerpt
from a speech delivered by the Greek
Premier, M. Venizelos. during a dis
cussion of the budget in the Greek
Chamber of Deputies: "All the neces-
sary measures to assure the national
defense have been taken since the out
break of the war. l can again assure
the Chamber and the country that at
the present moment Greece is ready
to mobolize at any hour and on every
point OF her territory all the con.
tingents Of her army"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
GERMANY GUARANTEES FOOD.
American Ambassador Joins Represen.
tation In Belgian Situation.

London.-A Reuter- dispatch from,
The Hague says:
1T is authoritatively stated that the
Netherlands Minister at Berlin, sup
ported by the Spanish Minister and
the American Ambassador, recently
made representations to the German
Government concerning the requisi-
tioning of food in Belgium.
1.-THE German Government imme.
diately gave assurances that as long
as the inhabitants of Belgium were
supplied with food from elsewhere no
requisitioning of food would take
place.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
MANY GOLD COINS MADE.
MINIS Turned Out 4,1s4,f12 Piece,
During 1914.

Washington, d. c. - Gold coin
amounting to $5s,457,S17 in Aba, 112
pieces was minted by the United
States during the calendar year ended
December 81 last. The total coinage
of all money was valued at $61, $780,
1912 in 154,850.157 pieces. The sill
yer coinage was valued at s6,OSS, 1928,
with 31,36S,655 dimes leading in num-
Der. There were SO,56S.432 1-cent
pieces coined. Coinage for the Philip
pine Islands amounted to 6,975, 900
pieces; for San Salvador. 100000
pieces; Costa RIGA, S59,425 pieces, and
Ecuador, 100000 pieces.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
Congress Will Support the
Presidents Protest.
NO ROOM FOR A DEBATE
Nothing 5eIIigerent In Wilson's Az
titude, But Tone OF communiea-
ton Firm - London Pro-
fesses Great Surprise.
BRIToNs INSURE AGAINST
WAR WITH U. s.

London.-A premium Of Is
guineas per cent, was being paid
In Lloyds on policies worded:
ITO pay total loss in event of
q declaration of war between
Great Britain and America,
within IL months from date"
The premium to insure against
war being declared between Nor
way and Great Britain within IL
months is now guineas per
cent.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
NEWSPAPERS RAISE PRICE.
Two Publications In San Francisco Go
To Two Cents.

San Francisco.-After more than a
year of experimentation. two of the
afternoon papers published here ad-
vanced their price from 1 cent to 2
cents a copy. Their managers state
that, while war news has increased
circulation, business conditions have
not permitted any advance in the ad-
vertising rates, and as the price of
white paper has gone up, this increase
has been loss and not gain.
The Oakland Tribune and the Oak.
land Enquirer also announced an In.
crease from cent to cents copy.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08

Washington, d. C.--Not since the
outbreak Of the war in Europe has the
capital of this country been more
stirred than by the action of President
Wilson in directing to Great Britain
a sharp note of protest against her
continued interference with American
commerce.
Leaders Of all parties in Congress
were congratulating the President on
his firm stand for the rights of Ameri-
can citizens. That Congress is pre-
pared to uphold him in any further
action he may see fit to take to i'm
press Great Britain with the earnest
ness of the protest was evident. AS
a tangible proof of this, members of
the Senate took occasion to let loose
a score or more petitions from Ameri-
can shippers protesting against con-
tinuance of the hardships imposed on
them by British officials.
The President, in talking with call
ers at the White House, discussed with
frankness the reason prompting the
Government to file the protest. At
the same time, there was nothing
belligerent about his attitude, and
nothing to justify the belief that the
United States has any intention of
going to war about the matter.
VIII Demand Millions.
This much the President did make
plain. That when the war In Europe
is over, England will be called upon
to pay damages which her course has
inflicted on American trade. Whether
she does or does not agree to respect
American rights from now on, Great
Britain will be called upon to make
good American losses. Acquiescence
at this time can only prevent these
claims from growing larger Already
they total well In millions Of dollars.
In this connection the President
emphasized quite plainly that the con
tention made by the United States in
the present note is no new thing. Eng
land long ago and in every war to
which she was not party held to the
position that neutral commerce shall
be allowed to enjoy the freedom of the
seas and not be subjected to undue
interference.
There was, he pointed out, no Ques
J ton of treaty violation involved. All
that the United States was contendine
/ for, he indicated, was that Grea'
Britain should respect a principle G.
international law of which she herself
was the founder and to which she
had always subscribed until the pres
ent war made 1t expedient for her t
ignore the requirement.
The greatest hardship, from tn,
standpoint of trading, however, wa.
when Great Britain, in complete dis
regard Of her previous position in IN
ternational law, presumed to question
the ultimate destination of ever,
cargo leaving American ports for Eu
rope. For this reason she refused /,
respect shipments consigned It,
order" although only by this practice
common In times of peace, coul.
American exporters discount bills o
lading at the banks without waitin,
for the shipments to be delivered.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
PANAMA ExPosl7loN {
President Wilson Pressed 81
MidnlgI1<.

San Diego, Cal.-The Ponanc.,s
fornia Exposition, San Diego ~
month celebration Of the compile, :.
the Panama Canal. wss opened. -
night. when President Wilson,
Washington, pressed an electif
ION that turned on the lights
buildings and grounds. IN
Preceding the formal openinl
the dedication of a music pavilid,d
mammoth organ presented to tim
position and the city Of Jof-
Spreckels.
William McAdoo. Secretary
Treasury, represented Presiden
son in the nights ceremonies.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
pENNsY ASKS STEEL BIDS.
To Use 1850 Tons For Bridge Con
struction In 1915.

Philadelphia. = The Pennsylvania
Railroad Company asked the steel
manufacturing concerns of the coun.
try to bid on 1900 tons of structural
steel for bridge construction during
1915. The company also asked for
bids on 1870 tons OF steel for use in
reinforced concrete work.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-01-08
cARRANzA's WANING STAR.
Seven Thousand OF His Troops cs
Over To Villa.

On Board U. S. S. San Diego, En-
Route to San Diego, Cal.-Seyen thou.
sand troops of General Carranza's
forces declared for General villa, at
Topic, in the state Of that name, on
the west coast Of Mexico. Foreigners
at San Bias and Topic have taken
refuge aboard the United States sup
ply ship Glacier. Rear Admiral How
ard, in command of the Pacific fleet,
on receipt of the news ordered the
gunboat Annapolis by wireless to San
Glas. but no trouble is expected.