Askov American., 1915-12-09

wide open and our goods desired Such
situation Is not to be endured. 1t Ia
OF capital Importance not only that the
United States should be its own carrier
on the seas and enjoy the economic I'm
dependence which only an adequate mer-
chant marine would give IL, but also that
the American hemisphere as a whole
should enjoy q like Independence and self
sufficfency, II * Is not to be drawn into
the tangie OF European affairs. Without
such independence the whole question OF
our political unity and self-determlnation
is very seriously clouded and complicated
indeed.
Moreover we can develop no true or ef-
fective American policy without ships OF
our own-not ships OF war, but ships OF
peace, carrying goods and carrying much
more: creating friendships and render
ing indispensable services to ali interests
on this side OF the water. They must
move constantly back and forth between
the Americas. They are the only shuttles
that can weave the delicate fabric OF
sympathy. comprehension, confidence and
mutual dependence In which we cIothe
our policy OF America for Americans.
Ships Are Needed.
The task OF building up an adequate
merchant marine for America private
capital must ultimately undertake and
achieve. as IL has undertaken and
III In the past, with admirable enterprise.
intelligence and vigor: and 1t seems to
me a manifest dictate Of wisdom that we
should promptly remove every legal OBJ
stacta that may stand In the way OF this
much to be desired revival OF our old I'm
dependence and should facilitate In every
possible way the building. purchase and
American registration of ships. But cap
ital cannot accomplish this great task OF
a sudden 1t must embark upon It by de-
grees. as the opportunities OF trade de-
veiop. Something must be done at once;
done to open routes and develop oppor-
tunties where they are as yet undevel-
oped: done to open the arteries of trade
where the currents have not yet learned
to run-~especiaily between the two Ameri-
can continents, where they are. singularly
enough, yet to be created and quickened.
and II IL evident that only the govern
ment can undertake such beginnings and
assume the initial financial risks. When
the risk has passed and private capital
begins to find its way In sufficient abund-
ance into these new channels, the gov
ernment may withdraw. But II cannot
omit to begin 1t should take the first
steps and should take them at once. Our
goods must not lie piled UP at our ports
and stored upon sidetracks In freight
cars which are daily needed on the roads:
must not be left without means of
transport to any foreign quarter. We
must not await the permission of foreign
send them where we will.
With o view to meeting these pressing
necessities OF our commerce and availing
ourselves at the earliest possible moment
of the present unparalleled opportunity OF
linking the two Americas together in
bonds OF mutual interest and service, an
opportunity which may never return
Rxgats, tvxtSC onla xxttn
be made to the present congress for the
purchase or construction of ships to be
owned and directed by the government
similar to those made TO the last con-
gress, but modified In some essential par
ticuiars, recommend these proposals
to you for your prompt acceptance with
the more confidence because every month
that has elapsed since the former pro-
posais were made has made the necessity
for such action more and more mani
testify Imperative.
Question Of Finance.
The plans for tho armed forces OF the
nation which ! have outlined. and for
the general policy Of adequate prepara-
tion for mobilization and defense, In
volve of course very large additional ex-
penditures OF money-expenditures which
will considerably exceed the estimated
revenues OF the government 1t In made
my duty by law, whenever the estimates
of expenditure exceed the estimates OF
revenue to call the attention OF the con-
gress to the fact and suggest any means
OF meeting the deficiency that Ii may be
wise or possible for me to suggest. ! am
ready to believe that II would be my duty
to do so In any case; and feel particu-
larly bound to speak OF the matter when
II appears that the deficiency will arise
directly out of the adoption by the con-
gress OF measures which / myself urge
II to adopt. Allow me, therefore. to
speak briefly of the present state OF the
treasury and of the fiscal problems
which the next year will probably dis
close.
On the thirtieth OF June last there was
an available balance In the general fund
OF the treasury OF $l04, ITO, tos,7s. The to-
tai estimated receipts for the year 1916.
on the assumption that the emergency
revenue measure passed by the last con-
gress will not be extended beyond Its
present limit, the thirty-first OF Decem-
ber. 1915. and that the present duty OF
one cent per pound on sugar will be dis
continued after the first OF May. 1916.
viii be $s7o, ,s65. 500, The balance OF June
last and these estimated revenues come.
therefore, to a grand total OF STA 5Ss, Sos. Is,
The total estimated disbursements for the
present fiscal year. including Sc. 900
for the Panama canal, 600 for prob
Abso aVhtASHNy aha WV"
600 for miscellaneous debt redemptions,
will be s7Ss. 1891. 900: and the balance In the
general fund OF the treasury will be re-
duced TO $50, &.so6.7S. The emergency
revenue act. IL continued beyond It's pres
ent time limitation. would produce. dur
ing the half year then remaining. about
forty-one millions. The duty of enc cent
per pound on sugar, Ii continued. would
produce during the two months OF the
fiscal year remaining after the first OF
May. about fifteen millions. These two
sums, amounting together to 600,
if added to the revenues of the second
half OF the fiscal year, would yield the
treasury at the end OF the year an avail
able balance OF SIS. ga. COSTS.
The additional revenues required to
carry out the program of military and
naval preparation of which have srok-
en-. would, as at present estimated. be
for the fiscal year 1917. SOS. 600. Those
figures. taken with the figures for the
present fiscal year which i have already
given, disclose our financial problem for
| tho year 1917.
How shall we obtain the new revenue
| II seems to me clear dictate OF pru-
| dent statesmanship and frank finance
| that In what we are now. / hope. about
| to undertake we should pay as we 20.
| The people OF the country are entitled to
| know Just what burdens Of taxation they
/ are to carry. and to know from the outset.
/ now. The new bills should be paid by in
L tavas}an