davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
THE ORCHARD BARK BEETLE.

the minute blackish or brownish bee
ties later issue through small openings
i'm the bark resembling fine shot holes.
These beetles also do damage by en-
tering the twigs ut the bases OF the
buds and by making feeding burrows
in the trunks and large limbs OF the
trees of their choice. The Ohio agricul-
tural experiment station recommends
as n preventive measure against the
pests the creating of an untavoraDie
environment for propagation. the regu-
lar burning of all dead trees each year
and that all dead and sickly limbs,
branches and stubs be cut away ana
burned. Very scahby and dead trees
should also be removed and burned.
Whitewashing and similar treatment
as preventive OF attack have proved OF
much value
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
Orchard Bark Beetles.

Bark beetles, or shot hole borers,
cause more or less damage to fruit
trees every year. They are particular
" apt to attack weakened. scale infest-
ed trees In cities and in some seasons
have been pests of the first order In
the peach growing belt along Lake
Erie. Some kinds Of trees. such as
peach and cherry. exude large quaint
ties of gum through the holes made by
the beetles. and the surface Of the bark
may be coated over with pints to gal
Ions of this gum. depending upon the
severity of the attack and the size and
vigor of the trees. Again. such trees
as apple and pear do not gum at all
under attack. The small white grubs
burrow in characteristic fashion In the
sapwood. often killing the trees. and
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21


hall the ahway the
well
the china closet The panel VAIN
method finishing the
heating and plumb
L..
will furnish OF
Dwellings 1t contains 80 designs costing
$4,000: o interiors 81
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21

SOUR STATE EXPERIMENT STATION
simple In addition 10 your regular
knapsack or compressed air garden
sprayer you need n spray pole or q
length Of quarter inch hose which you
can fasten To u sawed Off bamboo fish
pole and one OF two suitable spray
nozzles If you don't already own "a
lnapsack or compressed mir splayer
make yourself useful present OF
one at once-not for winter spraying
alone. but because you will need y
every month. almost every week, to
take proper care of your summer gar
den. flowers. potted plants, house
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
WORTH OF WOOD ASHES.
Farmers Are Advised Not to Waste
Valuable Constituents.

Farmers Are Advised Not to Waste
Valuable Constituents.
Don't waste wood ashes. Apply
them. as produced. to acid soils. This
is the advice of A. II. Whitson. head OF
the Wisconsin state soils laboratory. 1t
is of particular value to farmers in up
per Wisconsin and others who actually
have waste wood to burn.
Wood ashes contain large proper
ton of lime. which makes them OF
value i'm correcting acid soils. Often
times land intended for clover or al
falfa can be better prepared for the
crop by a top dressing Of fresh wood
ashes. either hard or soft wood being
equally satisfactory. Such treatment
will be OF especial value on marshy
and sandy soils.
IL not allowed to leach out. wood
ashes are also rich in potash and sc
form a home source for much needed
element. Practically all of our potash
supply has been imported into this
country from certain Of the countries
OF Europe now at war, which fact has
caused considerable concern with man,
here who purchase in large quantities
Whether or not it will pay TO us'
ashes for agricultural purposes de
Ponds upon the distance they have Il
be hauled. When buying ashes tn
purchaser should satisfy himself tina
the material is neither adulterated no
full of coal residue.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
Scientific
Farming
CROWN GALL AND HAIRY ROOT
Rules BY Which These Diseases May
Be Reduced to a Minimum.

Be Reduced to a Minimum.
Prepared by NJ. L. Cook. plant patholo-
gst, New Jersey experiment statonl
That crown gall and hairy root are
serious diseases cannot be doubted.
That they may be much more serious
in some localities than others and
upon some plants than on others Is
equally true. Heavy applications OF
fertilizer tend to reduce the injurious
effects on many varieties. but 1t would
be more profitable for the grower TO
feed healthy plants than diseased
plants.
The great difference of opinion con-
corning these diseases expressed by
various workers in the past can be
readily explained by our increasing
knowledge of the subject 1t is very
generally conceded that the distribu-
ton of these diseases is largely due to
nursery stock: that cane fruits. espe-
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY.

lie sure you are not keeping two
head of stock where you have grain
and roughage 10 winter only one II IS
better TO keep one animal well than TO
half keep two.
Would II not add to the health Of
yourself and family II you would Sc
lect some Of the choicest. smOothest
and healthiest hogs from your herd and
feed them those rations which are
clean. pure and wholesome. then kill
these animals for your winters meat
supply?
The business farmer likes the type
OF stock that brings the quickest and
most sure returns. That's the reason
the dairy COW is so popular with men
OF this kind.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21

If very strong. early plants are de-
sired they must rot hp crowded IN the
cold frame after they nave heeh re-
set from the hotbed or greenhouse.
Cabbage plants should stand about one
and one-fourth inches apart; tomato
plants. two inches apart the first trans
planting and four the second. Lettuce
should have about two inches each
way i'm order To develop the strongest
Dla-ltS.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
APPLE STOCK AFFECTED WITH CROWN GALL

AppIR STOCK AFFECTED WITH CROWN GALL |
cially red raspberries, are notorious
carriers Of these diseases. and that GER
tain varieties OF apple, such as Wealthy.
Yellow Transparent. Wolf River. Ben
Davis and Northern Spy. are especially
susceptible. Certain varieties OF grapes
and berries are also more susceptible
than others.
These diseases are so widely dis
tributed that their eradication is prac-
tically impossible. but they can be
very greatly reduced. The buyer or
tree Is entitled to a healthy tree. and
no fruit grower can afford to set in
ferior or diseased plants. The inspec-
ton laws in the different states are
becoming more and more strict every
year with stock likely to carry these
diseases. By observing the following
rules these diseases can be reduced TO
q minimum:
Nurserymen should
First.-Grow their stock on ground
as nearly free from these diseases as
possible Never use ground which has
recently been set with cane fruits.
Second.-Avoid injuring the young
trees by cultivation.
Third.-Use the best grade, healthy
seedlings for budding and grating
Fourth. Use scions and buds from
trees known to be absolutely healthy.
The roots. trunk and branches of trees
from which the scions are cut should
be free from all forms OF the disease.
Fifth.-When root gall is prevalent
budding is much TO be preferred TO
root grating. especially with suscepti-
BILE varieties such as Wealthy.
Sixth.-If root grating is practiced
the following precautions should be
taken:
Make close fitting CRAFTS. leaving no
exposed cut surfaces.
; Wrap each graft we'll with soft wax
ed cloth.
Avoid wrapping with waxed string
or raffia.
Store root CRAFTS i'm clean moist sand
at temperatures above 80 degrees, but
not to exceed 80 to 40 degrees.
Plant MS early in spring as soil condi
! tons permit
Handle CRAFTS carefully in planting
so as not to make any wounds upon
the roots or disturb the callous forma
ton upon the cut surfaces of scion
and stock
Avoid injury to plants in subsequent
: cultivation.
. Seventh Propagate by budding 81
: far as possible the few varieties mos
!. susceptible to crown gall and hairy
: root.
Eighth.-Avoid heavy. wet soils.
Ninth. Burn all diseased plants. d.
not prune the evidently diseased part
(. and market the stock The diseAs
7 may have penetrated farther than yo'
Z can determine
!. The fruit grower should
First.-Refuse all diseased stock. III
= time. land and fertilizer are too valua
:, BILE for him TO gamble with disease
- plants of any Kind.
Second.-Set the plants on land II
free as possible from the disease
= Avoid land that has been used for can
fruits
. Third.-Never use cane fruits as II
- ter row crops.
=, Fourth.-Avoid injuring the trees b
:. cultivation so far as is possible.
" Fifth.-Keep trees as free from bo
ers and similar pests MS possible an
y paint the wounds made i'm removin
III borers with white lead paint or Coz
I" tar.
:" Sixth.-Rotate old orchard and berr
lands TO grains. potatoes or simils
crops IL possible.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21

plants. etc. Your sprayer should be
equipped with an automatic valve and
an anti-clog nozzle: then the starting
and stopping of the spray can be con
trolled with your left hand while your
right il free To manage the pole ana
TO direct the spraying.
There are a number of good noZZles
on the market. but for operations on
foot under the trees select one or the
goose necked or angle type. With this
a simple turn OF the wrist Will direct
the spray in any desired direction and
save a great deal of shifting from one
side Of the branch or tree TO the other
A cup shaped washer of stiff leather
three or four inches in diameter. that
will slip tightly over the pole will keep
the spray material from running down
the pole and up the sleeve, and wood
en- handle made of soft pine. bored out
lust large enough TO fit snugly over the
spray pipe and held in any desired pc
sition by a set screw made of any or
binary screw with the end squared of,
will make the handling of the pole
more convenient These can be made
with jackknife and bitstock.
The orchard pests that we can fight
successfully in winter are the various
scales and scabs. though spraying now
will help to control number of the
/ other insect pests and will check still
/ others by destroying cocoons. egg
masses or dormant lavae Some of the
scales are rather hard to find. and al
are very small and innocent looking IL
comparison with the serious damage
they can accomplish.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
SHRINkAGE OF CORN.

How much will corn shrink In
weight during the year is ques-
ton often asked by farmers.
For eight years the Iowa expert
ment station carried on a thor
ough and complete test with the
following results for each month
from the time of cribbing: No
vember, 3D. per cent; December.
IL per cent; January. 6 per cent;
February. 3 per cent; March. 10
per cent; April. 81 per cent;
May. 10 per cent; June. 1.6 per
cent; July. per cent; August. .
per cent; September. a per cent;
October. o; total shrinkage for
the year. 1872 per cent, or nearly
one-fifth.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
Wheat Eollowina Millet.

Millet leaves the soil in shape to pro-
duce better crop of wheat At the
North Dakota station IL has been found
that the three crops of wheat following
millet produced sixteen and one-quar-
ter bushels more wheat than the three
crops of wheat following wheat.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21

Sometimes double yolked eggs VIII
hatch. One Illinois farmer mad twin
chicks from one grown together by the
tips of right wing and. n left one.
One chick lived 10 maturity. Usually
the double yolked egg fails to hatch
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1915-01-21
Farm and
Garden
ORCHARD WINTER CAMPAIGN
Now Is the Time to Destroy Orchard
and Garden Pests.

Early winter is the ideal time to
catch many of the orchard and garden
pests off their guard. says the Country
Gentleman. They are in torpid state
and can be located more readily. We
can also use much stronger sprays on
dormant trees than we can use in sum
mer. and the absence of leaves makes
possible Il much more thorough and
convenient job Of spraying.
The work may be done at any time
from fall until growth starts in spring,
but the best time is now.
The outfit required for the home
grounds. the fruit trees and garden is
The Idaho Republican. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1904-1932, 1915-08-27
Opening Dates Of the Idaho
State Educational Institutions
UNIVERSITY OF IDAHO, MOSCOW

UNIVERSITY OF IDAHO, MOSCOW
Colleges of Letters and Science Agriculture Engineering and
Registration September 20 2Classes begin, Septembe
School of Practical Agriculture
Registration, October II-Classes Begin, October y
LEWISTON STATE NORMAL SCHOOL
Registration, September Glasses begin September IS
ALBION STATE NORMAL SCHOOL
Registration September GLASSES begin September a
IDAHO TECHNICAL INsTITUTE-PocATELLo
Registration September 20 2ICasses begin September
STATE SCHOOL FOR DEAF AND BIIND-Goodng
Opens September 9Th
For cataogs and all further information address the several
schools. NJ
The Idaho Republican. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1904-1932, 1915-08-27
FAREWELL TUESDAY
TO REV. A. NJ. LOWRY

On Tuesday evening, August. 18th,
Rev. A. M. Lowry, pastor of the Pres
byterian church at Pingree, Idaho,
was rendered fareg ell at the Hotel
Miller.
Over $50 people were present and
| the occasion is considered by all pre-
| sent as the greatest social event
Pingree has ever experienced. The
following program was given, most
lof the numbers responding to a
hearty encore:
ISolo-Mrs. p H. Troutner.
Accompanies Mrs. Q. G. Inskeep
Mr.. F. P. Bales, violin.
Solo-Miss Bable Bair.
Violin solo--Mr. F. P. Bales.
Reading Professor O.. B. Reddick.
[Duet- Misses Esther and Mearl ms
keep.
Reading Rev. A. NJ. Lowry.
Duet Mrs. j. R. Cushman and Mrs
G. Cotrell.
Reading Mrs. 0. B. Reddick.
Solo-Miss Aisle Inskeep.
The program was followed by some
very entertaining features, among
these being the "Old Curiosity Shop,
in which prizes we're given for the
best answers. Miss Esther Inskeep
won the ladies' first prize and Mr..
Marshal Day drawing gentlemen
first prize.
Ice cream and cake were served
in the dining room
Mr.. and Mrs Bair, the new propri-
etors, are highly praised for their
hospitable and first-class management
of the hotel
Much credit is due to the commit
tee for giving the people present SO
good an entertainment The commit
tee was composed of the following
persons; Miss Sanderlin, Mrs. Wick
strum, Miss Brownly, Miss Nailon,
Miss Graham, Mrs. Reddick, Messrs.
Luther Day. Charles Swope, Hugo
Johnson.
Rev. A NJ Lowry had completed
his summers work as pastor of the
church at Pingree and the farewell
was ade by the church and Sunday
school to show their appreciation OF
his excellent success.
Fe made a host Of friends while
here and impressed all who met him
as young man of strong character
and high ability, culture and refine
ment
The church would be glad to have
him return next year to the work at
this place. Rev. Lowry is graduate
of Lafayette college, Pennsylvania. He
is new completing postgraduate
course at the Mccormick Theological
Seminary, Chicago, where he has one
year mere of study He left for Chi
cago Friday via Portland.
Cant fha Av ond SloU tho Wnnda
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1915-01-23

| Para enmendar los art1culos 2S8. 289 v
otros del t1tulo TX del Codigo pol1ti-
co, creando las Juntas locales de va
loraci6n de la propiedad, determinar
las atribuciones de 6stas y para otros
fines
El senior D1az Navarro ha presentado
en- la Camara de Delegados este impor-
tante proyecto de ley, que lleva ell MI
nero nueve:
DECRETASE POR LA ASAAIBLEA
LEGISLATIVA DE PUERTO RICO.
Secci6n l. Que ell art1culo 288, t1tulo
TX del C0digo Pol1tico, enmendado por
la Ley del 10 de Mario de 1904, quede
redactado como sigue:
Art1culo 288. Ell Tesorero establece-
ra para la tasaci6n y para la revision de
la tasaci6n de la propiedad, tantos dis
tritOs cuantOs son hoy 8 en- 10 future
sean los municipios; designara tantos
lnspectores, Colectores y Sub-Colecto-
res, cuantos sean necesarios para la de-
bida fiscalizaci0n administrator de
los arbitriOs, y para ell cobro de 6stos
y de las contribuciones directas. Estos
Inspectores, Colectores y Sub Colecto-
res prestaran las Juntas Locales de
valOraci0n, que ell art1culo 289 sc re
fiere, tOdO ell necesario concurso para
que aquellas puedan efectuar la tasaci0n
de la prOpiedad 8 la revision de la tasa-
cl0n va hecha y dichos Inspectores, Co
lectOres y Sub7ColectOres percibiran los
sueldos que le fje ell Presupuesto Gene
raj de gastOs, reembolsandose q los pri-
merOs los gastos de viaje que hubiesen
hecho en- ell desempeno de su cargo, y
con la debida authorization. Este reem-
bolso sera de dos d0lares diarios como
indemnizaci0n de gastos de subsistencia
(hospedaje y alimentaci6n) cuando hu-
biesen estado de viaje
Secci6n 2 Que ell art1culo 289, Tt
tulo TX del C6digo Politico enmenda-
do por la ley del 10 de Mario de 1904,
quede nuevamente enmendado como 81
que:
Art1culo 289. Ell trabajo de la revi
sion de la tasaci6n de la propiedad no
tasada hasta ahora, Sc hara por las
Juntas Locales de Valoraci6n, las cua
les sc organizaran y funcionaran cor
! sujecci6n a las siguientes reglas:
A. En- la segunda quincena de Di
ciembre anterior al ano en- que deba
hacerse una revision general de la tasa-
ci6n de la propiedad, los Colectores y
SuboColectores (previa orden que al
efectO les dara oportunamentc ell Teso-
rero de Puerto Rico) convocara los
cOntribuyentes pOr propiedad mueble e
inmueble de sus respectivas demarca-
clones municipales q una Asamblea en-
que, por votaci6n nominal, debera de
signarse la Junta Local de Valoraci0n
que ha de efectuar la de la propiedad
correspondence al respective munici-
piO.
Sc entendera que la demarcaci6n de
los Colectores es la de la Mun;cipal;dad
cabecera del Distrito.
B. La convocatoria Sc hara mediante
anunc;os ijados Ell los sitos dc costum-
bre, que seran inmediatamente enviados
tambien a los Alcaldes comisarios de
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1915-01-23
Un proyecto del Sr. D1az Navarro

barrlos, para conocimiento de los con
trlbuyentes. Ell Collector 8 Sub,Colector
proveera a 6stos de la correspondence
papeleta EN- que, bajo su firma sello
Official Sc haran constar ell nombre
apellido del contribuyente, quota annual
que satisfaga por contribution con
cepto de 6sta, con expression del barrio
EN- que radique la propiedad contribu-
yente
C. Estas papeletas, que Sc expedi-
ran hbres de gastos acreditaran ell de-
recho q concurrir a la Asamblea: pero
solo tomaran parte en- Ia election los
contrlbuyentes mencionados, que 10
sean de la municipalidad mayores de
edad, ciudadanos de Puerto Rico 8 de
Is Estados Unidos, y que concurran al
acto por 81 por medic de sus legftimos
representatives
ID. Para la celebration de estas
Asambleas Sc designara uno de los pri-
meros d1as de la segunda quincena de
Enero subsiguiente, expresandose en- la
convocatoria la fecha y ell local de la
reunion. La mesa sc constituira con ell
Collector 8 Sub7Colector como Presiden
te, un Secretario designado por aquel
entire los electores mas j6venes concu-
rrentes al acto y que tenga idoneidad
para ell cargo y dos vocales que 10 seran
los contribuyentes presentes al acto
que, satisfaciendo mayores Quotas, acep
ten la designation al efecto.
E. Constitu1da la mesa Sc procede-
ra a la votaci6n de los miembros que
han de formar la Junta Local de Valo
raci0n. Esta Sc compondra de mayores
y memories contribuyentes en- la forma
siguiente En- los municipios de prime
ra clase, seis de los primerOs y cinco en-
los segundos.
En- los de segunda clase, cuatro de
aquellOs y tres de 6stos.
Y en- los de tercera clase, tres dos.
respectlvamente.
A este prop6sito, seran mayores con
tribuyentes los que satisfagan Quotas
Gle mas de Glen d6lares memories contri
buyentes los que satisfagan cien d6la
res o cualquier otra suma menor.
F. PRACTICABLE ell escrutinio seran
proclamados como miembros de la Jun
ia Local de Valoraci6n los que hayan
obtenldO mayOrla de votOs dentro de su
respectlva classification de mayores Y
memories contribuyentes y sera Pres-
dente de dicha Junta ell mayor contribu-
yente que hubiese alcanzado MAYOR nil-
nero de votos, y, en- igualdad de estos,
ell que satisfaga mayor quota contribu
tiva; actuando como Secretario el Co
lector Sub-Colector de Rentas cores
pondlene, con voz y voto en- las delibe-
raciones y decisiOnes de la Junta. Y con
voz y voto tambien en- representation de
la Hacienda Municipal, los Alcaldes de
las respectivas municipalidades
G. Dentro de cinco d1as despu6s de
la proclamation de los electos la Junta
Local de Valoraci6n debera celebrar SUI
primera session en- la que, con vista del
trabajo que haya de realizar, acordara
los d1as en- que deba c61ebrar sus sesio-
nes posteriores, 10 que anunciara al p1-
blico para conocimiento general
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1915-01-23

II. Estas Juntas Locales de Valora-
clon tendran todos los poderes 8 facnl
tades y todos los deberes i obligaciones
que el Codigo Pol1tico en- sus art1cnlos
2o9 y slguientes reconoce. 8 impone 4 los
Colectores Sub Colectores en- 10 one
Sc reflere a la tasaci6n de la propiedad
revision de la tasaci6n; pero ell trabaio
material de dichas juntas estara 4 car
go de los Colectores 8 Sub Colectores
como Secretaries de las mismas nor
su conducto ell Tesorero facilitara 4 las
prmeras los libros, modelos. impresos.
documentos Ell blanco y cuanto mas saa
necesario para llevar q cabo ell trabaio
Gle tasaci0n 8 revision de la tasaci6n
ST al cumplir 10 que Sc previene en-
ell Artlculo 295, T1tulo TX del C6digo
Polltlco, con las reformas posteriores.
Sc hlcleren por la Junta alteraciones en-
la valoraci6n dada por ell contribuyente
a SUI propiedad, dicha Junta consignara
en- sus resoluciones los fundamentals de
su alteraci6n y dara conocimiento de
aquellas a los interesados quienes DO
dram apelar de elias en- ell t6rmino de
ounce dlas para ante la Junta Central
de apelaciones sobre la tasaci6n de la
propiedad
Tendran as1mismo este derecho de
apelaci6n dentro de igual t6rmino, los
Colectores 9 Sub7Colectores y los Al
caldes contra las resoluciones de las
Juntas que estimen perjudiciales a los
lntereses del Tesoro Insular a los de
su MunicipiO, respectivamente siempre
que al adOptarse ell acuerdo reclamado
hubieren emitido SUI voto en- contra del
mismo.
J. Todo contribuyente tendra de
recho examinar las valoraciones dadas
por la Junta a las propiedades de los
demas contribuyentes de la municipali-
dad, y fundar sus reclamaciones en- la
falta de equidad que resulte de la com
paraci0n de las valoraciones
K Las funciones de estas Juntas
draran hasta que legue la oportuni-
dad de su renovation conforme a los es-
tablecidos en- la Regla A. y entren a
funcionar las nuevas Juntas. A fin de
cubrir las vacantes que puedan ocurrir
en- tales Juntas, al dar cumplimiento
10 establecido en- la Regla E. Sc designa
ra igual n1mero de miembros suplentes
que los que deban ser elegidos como
propietarios, con las condolences fla
das para 6stos.
Las sustituciones de contribuyentes
de cada clase, Sc verificaran con miem
bros de la Iisma clase que ell sustitu1do
siguiendo ell orden del nlmero de v0tos
obtenidos
[. Hasta tanto llegue la oportuni-
dad que Sc indica en- la regla A. para
proveer las necesidades de la tasaci0n
de la propiedad no valorada hasta ahora
y de las revisiones parciales de la tasa-
ci6n que hasta aquella oportunidad pu-
dieran presentarse, Sc procedera al non
bramiento de las Juntas Locales de Va
! loraci0n provisionales, dentro de los
Reglas procedentes, pero entendi6ndos oso
| que la convocatoria de contribuyentes
que Sc refere la Regla A. Sc efectuara
en- la segunda quincena de Mario del CO
i (Contin1a en- la 8a. plana.)