davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
The Star Aieyone.

The size OF the star AIcyone and its
distance from the sun are both un-
known and. so far as can now be seen,
must remain unknown. II has no par
allax large enough to be measured by
the most accurate modern micrometri-
cal methods.
That is. take a large telescope with
you. go to Alcyone. turn. look back this
way, then the entire diameter OF the
orbit of the earth around the sun, a
huge eIlipse. IS5. 1854 600 miles In diam
eter, If a bright line In space 50 that Il
could be seen. would appear to be 50
small that the telemicrometer could not
measure il. Not knowing the distance,
the size cannot be known.
But. judging from its light when COM
pared with that Of other suns whose
distances are fairly well known. IL
must be cOlOsSal-many times larger
than our medium sized star, the SUM-
New York American.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
NaiH;ea pollara

II wonder II we realize when we
tax Of q billion dollars what an enor-
nous sum Of money u means We all
know how rapidly an expert counter
Of coins WIN manipulate them You
can scarcely follow the motion OF his
fingers a. be shifts the coins from one
me % another and counts them The
treasury experts win count 1000 silver
dollars In an hour and keep It up al
day long, but that Il their limit
Working eight hours day, then. an
expert counter OF coins win count b.
600 silver dollars In q day, but how
long win It take him at that rate to
count a million dollars7 Thirty-one
days. But that is only the beginning
OF the measurements OF great figures.
for II this same man were 70 60 on
counting silver dollars at the same rate
Of speed for ten years be would ind
that he had counted 100000 Of
them and that 10 count billion dollars
would require 102 years Of steady work
at the rate Of eight hours a day during
every working day Of every one Of the
l02 years" - D. p. Austin. Former
Chief Of the Bureau Of Statistics
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
Garman Army Shoaa.

Leather used for German army shoes
is the result Of many tests. II Is rath
er dry compared with American vege-
table tanned leather. However, II Il
made dry so that the oxidizing oils and
fats VIII not rot the leather fber dur
ing the many years that It may be
held In storage. Every soldier when
he gets bis army shoes also gets a can
Of shoe dressing. with which be dress
Is bis shoes. This keeps them pliable
and water resisting The boots are
Gimped They have only two seamA.
They are practically water light. The
thread used for stitching them IL hand
waxed The absence OF blackirgs Of
any nature tends 70 save the life OF
the boot II rejects the suns rays
too.-Hide and Leather.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
Tinker In,pirsd WAGNER.

A tinker has established himself op-
posfte our house and stunned my ears
all day long with his incessant ham,
mering- In my disgust at never being
able TO find a detached house protect
ed from every kind Of noise was on
the point Of deciding to give up COM
posing altogether until the time when
this Indispensable condition should be
fulfilled But it was precisely my
rage over the tinker that, In a moment
Of agitation. gave me the theme for
Siegfried's furious outburst against the
bungling Mime. played over the
childishly quarreIsome Potter theme in
G minor to my sister. furiousIy singing
the words at the same time. which
made Us all laugh 50 much that de-
cided to make one more effort This
resulted In my writing down a good
part Of the first scene by the time List
arrived. Oct Is QS56.-Richard Wag-
ner In his Autobiography.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
The EalklandL

Buried In banks OF fog. drenched In
drilling rains, swept by bitter winds
from the Antarctic, the Falkland Is
lands are surely the most dismal Of
Great Britain's family Of organized col
onies. The rain ceases only when the
wind blows the iercest, the fog hangs
low and heavy except when the gales
whip It to shreds. 1t is treeless land,
part barren rocks and part grassy
slopes. A day Of sunshine is a rare Joy.
TERRA del Fuego is its nearest neigh
Dor. The people. some 1000 In number,
are sturdy descendants OF Scotch I'M
migrants. and the sheep that browse
on the eternally damp hills are their
only source Of revenue Yet there Is a
capital. a government and governor
duly appointed by the crown and sent
to suffer virtual exile for a time among
the moist shepherds Of the antipodes.
The Falkland islands appeal to the i'm
agination as the remoSest, lOneliest and
least desirable Of all lands inhabited
by Europeans.-Cleveland Plain Dealer.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
His Idsa of the Best SOAP.

The Flemish peasant. writes q cor
respondent, has no more aversion to
water than the English peasant
happen to know a good deal about both
Of them. There is, naturally, kinship
between the Flemish and Dutch and
Dutch are universally regarded as
among the most clearly OF peoples, at
any rate where domestic affairs are
concerned The amount Of scrubbing
and house washing that goes on in the
villages of Flanders and the rest of
Belgium would be regarded as silly by
English villagers And. from the
health point Of view. those who literal
" earn their bread by the sweat Of
their brows don't need so much Of
the bathtub as those who consider
themselves more respectable. As q
Dorset laborer once remarked TO me,
'.T best soap, measter, be sweatP'-
London Spectator.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16


Tue insects are provided with mus
cies Of enormous power as compared
with men. II a hy be held by the wings
II can pick up and carry q match. and
this h as n a man were able to pick
ND a beam tweny-eight feet long and
fifteen and one-haif inches square.
An ordinary little ant can pull eight
matches on rollers, which would equal
a load of $50 beams the size OF q man
when It's weight Il compared with that
Of q horse.
The lea jumps 200 times its own
height. which Is about the same as II a
man were To jump over the nearly
thousand foot high Eiffel tower.
An oyster opposes being opened BY
exerting a force Of over thirty pounds,
and for a man TO show the same power
he would have to take up eighty large
locomotives and bear them Atias-hke
upon his shoulders.
From a purely physical point Of view
man Is the weakest Of animals. II Is
only by the use OF bis mind and the ap-
pIication OF the laws Of mechanics In
the machinery be has invented that be
has been able to dominate the world
Boston Herald
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
How Napoleon Dressed.

Napoleon was always simple in bis
dress and generally wore the uniform
OF his own guard He was cleanly
rather from habit than from liking for
cleanliness. he bathed often-sOme
times In the middle Of the niCht-be
cause he thought the practice good for
his health. But. apart from this, the
precipitation with which he did every.
thing did not admit of his clothes
being put on carefully. and on gala
days and full dress occasions his sery-
ants were obliged to consult tOgeth
er as to when they might snatch NO
ment to dress him.
he could not endure the wearing Of
ornaments. The slightest cOnstraint
was insuppOrtable to him. he would
tear OF or break anything that gave
him the least annoyance.-MemOis Of
Nine. de Remusat-
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16

The best authorities have now agreed
upon the spelling Of Yosemite as re-
corded In Hodges Handbook OF the
American Indians" The following
forms have been employed in various
publications: yosemite. OOsOOmite, So
semiteiz. Sosemity. Yaseemne, Yoami-
". Yohamite, YOsahmittis, YOsemate.
YOsemetOs. YOsemety, YOstmities and
Yosoomite. IL never was used by the
Indians as the name Of the valley, for
the Awani division OF the Miwok tribe,
who made their home In the valley,
called their principal village and the
whole valley by their name AwanL
The name Yosemite may have derived
from the Awani village OF Lesamaiti.
but Powers regards It as a distortion
of the MiwOk word uZuDaiti, meaning
grizzly bear.-New York Sun.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
AZ Nioht In Africa.

Stewart Edward White. writing In
the American Magazine on Hon adven-
lures, comments as follows on the raw
ages Of Wild animals In Africa after
nightfaIl:
I'VE spent the short evening each
In his own fashion, l In my canvas
chair smoking. the men squatted on
their heels around their Tiny fires eat
ing quantities Of meat and corn meal
Outside our little dome Of light the
night businesses Of the veldt went for
ward Only the most formidable or
the most insignificant creatures raised
their voices except In alarm or warn
ing. Lions roared; insects hummed
and chirped Out there In the dark
was a different world from that in
which we moved 80 freely during the
daylight hours-a dangerous, tragic
world Next day we would find evil
dences Of the fact. I have seen killed
by lions the remains Of every sort Of
creature except buffalo and rhinoceros.
Lions are said occasionally TO hn even
buffalo. though rarely"
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
The Sauirral.

Innocent In all his ways, harmless
in his food. playful as a kitten. but
without cruelty, and SURPRISING the
fantastic dexterity Of the monkey.
with the grace and brightness Of a
bird. the little dark eyed miracle OF the
forest glances from branch to branch,
more like a sunbeam than a living
creature 1t leaps and darts and
twines where IT will. A chamois is
slow to It and a panther clumsy. Gro
tesque as a gnome. gentle as a fairy,
delicate as the silken plumes OF the
rush. beautiful and strong like the spi-
raj OF a fern. II haunts you. listens for
you. hides from you. looks for you,
loves you. as II the angel that walks
with your children had made It himself
for a heavenly plaything.-John Rus
kin.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
a. nnxtIma.

~where are the stars In the day
timer q child asked. and the wise
man said:
The STAN IN the daytime are just
where they are at night and II some
thing could be put over the sun we
should see them again. Something b
put over the sun sometimes, for the
moon comes In the way, 90 that for Q
time he cannot be seen. even though
II Is daytime and there are no clouds
In the sky. When that happens one Of
the most wonderful things In the world
Is to see the stars come out again-"
They were there all the time, shining
as brightly as ever. but the sun Is 80
very much brighter to Us, because be
Is so very much nearer to Us. that we
could not see them
when you are listening to thunder
or to q cannon you do not hear the
quiet sound Of your own breathing. al
though the thunder Is far away and
the breathing Is near, and Just as the
great noise swallows up the little
sound so the great light Of the sun
swallows up the little light OF the
stara"-Kansas City Star.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
When the Kilt Was Barred.

At one time the kilt was forbidden
It Is interesting to recall the words Of
the oath that was administered at Fort
William and elsewhere in the High
lands In 1747-S: 81, -, do swear, as
I shall answer to God at the great day
OF judgment, that have not, nor shall
have, in my possession any gun, sword,
pistol or any Rrm whatsoever, and
that I never use tartan, plaid or any
part Of the Highland garb, and If do
so may ! be cursed In my undertak-
ings, family and property-may i new
er see my wife and children. father,
mother or relations-may be killed In
battle as a coward and lie without
Christian burial In a strange land. far
from the graves Of my forefathers and
kindred: may all this come across me
II ! break my oath"-London Chron-
icle.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
n.rd.r Than Diamonds.

Although the diamond is generally
regarded as the hardest OF all sub
stances, II Is a fact that there is a sub
stance even harder. This Is a metal
known as tantalum, a rare metal, al
though not one OF the rarest- Just how
hard II Is may be imagined when IT Is
mentioned that a thin sheet OF it was
once placed under a diamond drill
worked day and night for three days.
The only effect was a slight indenta-
don In the tantalum and the wearing
out OF the diamond. Tantalum Is very
difficult to produce, but when ii can be
obtained In sufficient quantities IT win
be an exceedingly useful substance.
Among its other uses It viii be en-
ployed to cut diamonds and TO make
filaments for electric lamps. Il Is one
OF the few substances that are hard
without being brittle
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
cnnscrintion.

With the exception Of the one occa-
sion In 1863. when the quotas Of the
states did not ill up as rapidly as de-
sired. there has been no CONSUMPTION
In the United States. The draft riot In
New York was the outcome OF this
CONSUMPTION. and. as It happened. the
muster rolls were filed in the mean
time without need Of the men original
ly drafted
CONSUMPTION was ruthless at one
time in England The worst form Of
CONSUMPTION was employed in connec-
ton with recruiting the navy in Mel
sons time. No one was safe from at
tack by the redoubtable press gangs,
and the victories Of this glorious epoch
Of England's history were won in part
by men who often kicked and bit and
tussled to break away from the gangs
that hurled them into the navy.-New
YORK Sun.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
A Pretty compI,r.,.

The three beautiful Mis- ~.
were IN their day-which was am e
middle OF the eighteenth centprH nv. Ne
famous beauties that the LoDSo. such
often followed their carr,aaoo CrOSd
street and fairly mObbed anS SbO ~ i tAs
were known to have entered IN ~ ueJ
fort to get a sight Of them Tn. e e.
soonest OF the THO. worn out bv ,S ualO'
hVities Of the London season -. &c
for time In the country near q r S.a!ea
town. IL was known in tho - -, Aet
hood that she wished to pass I DaN
dced and was not well. and ba. Gu1e
was respected But on the dav =. "lsa
departure from the town there Ne = Ier
unusual number Of people at ban5 :. :.
see the coach start. AS the Iovorn ~ y !"
stepped from the inn door IN the , ~.
Of the coach the branch Of a cIir,s W
rose caught for a moment in bar ~
Instantly a voice called fror -. ~
crowd: Tue
NO names, my lads, and no s,ar,,,
but three cheers for the queen Of haas s
ty that the roses crowns OF tbo,.
selvesT'
They were given with a will and ma
the response OF a radiant face =, ~ =.
coach window and a gracious bs1S
waving farewell.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
Art Criticism,


II is related that almost the last
work Sir Edwin Landseer was engag-
ed on was a life sized picture OF Nell
Gwyn passing through an archway
on a white palfrey. This picture, In
which the horse alone was finished.
was bought by one OF the Rothschild
family and given to Sir John Millais
to complete. One morning a celebrat-
ed art critic called on the painter and
was much impressed by this work.
"Ah, TO be sure" he said, going up
close and examining a deerhound in
the foreground OF the picture; how
easily one can recognize Landseers
dogs! Wonderful, isn't itT' Yes; II
is wonderful said Sir John. lighting
bis pipe. Il finished painting that
dog yesterday morning and have done
the whole Of 1t myself"
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
Pspys and the otacOustieon.

As far back as 1868 experiments
were being made with what sayants
called an "OtacousticOn." which
brought distant sounds to the ear and
was a faroff promise Of the "lOng dis
lance" and wireless messages OF to
day. Samuel Pepys was abroad IN
those days, and. OF course. be saw the
new toy. tried it and mentions it in bis
diary. he went with Lord Brouncker
TO the Royal society" and here 70
my great content, did try the use or
the OtacOusticOn. which was only d
great glass bottle broke at the bottom
putting the neck to my care. and there
1 did plainly hear the dancing OF ue
cares OF the boats in the Thames %
Arundel gallery window. which VIII
out It / could not in the least do
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
Bees and the Kilt.

In his book. "Forty-one Years In In
dia," Lord Roberts tells the following
amusing story:
"A curious incident happened at the
Alambagh. | was employed inside the
Enclosure when all at once l heard a
noise and commotion some little dis
lance OF. Getting on to the roof.
looked over the plain and saw our
troops flying in every direction. There
was no firing, no enemy in sight, but
evidently something was wrong; so
mounted my horse and rode to the
scene Of confusion. where found that
the ignominious fight of our troops
was caused by Infatuated bees, which
had been disturbed by an officer Of the
Ninth lancers thoughtlessly thrusting
a lance into their nest There were
no serious consequences. but the high
Ianders were heard to remark on the
unsuitability Of their dress for an en-
counter with an enemy Of that descrip-
tion."
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16

WIrsIsss IN the Amazon Rssioh.
In the Juamara region Of the Amason
the natives use a crude system OF wire-
less telegraphy. which, It Is claimed:
has been In operation for thousands OF
yearA The transmitter found Dy an
explorer was a followed trunk OF a
tres suspended from q horizontal pole
stretched between two stumps Inside
the transmitter bad been arranged
much Ike a violin. and 1t was explained
that when the instrument was sruck
smartIy with a small rubber hammer a
vibration was created that carried for
miles over the hills The receiver Il
very similar to the transmitter. except
that II Is placed on a hardwood plat
form, the base OF the followed tree
trunk being grounded on the platform.
When the message Il struck In the
,neighboring village. sometimes thirty
miles away, this receiver catches the VI
brationS causing a jerky, singing
sound. The sound system. II b said.
can be read by the members OF the
tribe and In this way news OF victo
ries and other happenings are told
throughout the countryside.-Argonaut
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16

Z
some idea OF the lighting power o. .
Dreadnought may be gathered nom
ehe fact that the extreme range OF ttS
guns Is twenty-five miles, while they
can be very elective at q range Of
twelve miles They are most deadly,
however, at a range Of between i've
or six mileA
me twelve inch gun Of a Dread
nought Is nfty feet long and II set up
on end would be higher than many q
country church tower. The cost Of
each gun Is about 10000, while each
time It is fired 400 vanisbes into the
afr.
Az q protection against the guns OF
the enemy a Dreadnought Is covered
with armor costing f12O per ton. and
a. something Ike $500 tons are used
IN covering the vessel this means an
expenditure Of close upon $4,000.
Boilers and machinery at tS25.0oQ
motor and steamboats, at $1,000, tor
pedo tubes at $1,000 each and tor
pedOes at E5O0 each. and 10000 for
searchlights and electrical fittings are
other items IN the bill which 60 TO
make q Dreadnought the cOstliest YES
sci ahoat-PearSon's.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
Recreation and Mental Disease.

The problem Of fatigue and its reIa-
tion to efficiency is becoming more and
more appreciated In our industrial in.
stttutions, so much so. indeed, that
we may truthfuIly say that, in the
United States at least, the art Of work
Is being mastered to a degree little
short of perfection. Not so much can
be said with reference to our mastery
Of the art Of play. Let Us not forget
that the art Of play presents an i'm
p0rtAnt problem which requires seri-
Gus effort for its solution. Relaxation
from the stress and tension Of mod
ern American city life means much for
our future physical, mental and moral
health and efficiency. This is a tired
nation. perhaps the most tired nation
on earth.-New York Medical Journal
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
Palace of the Ponss.

The Vatican is the papaI palace and
derives its name from the hill on which
It staDds. the Mons Vaticanus, one Of
the seven hills OF Rome 1t Is a cOIlec-
tion Of magnificent buildings, which
occupy a space Of l.15l by 767 feet
The most ancient of the present struc-
lures dates from the time Of Nicholas
" about l44I. The various popes
from time To time added new build
ings, In which arp many works Of art
Of a historical character The Sistine
chapel. one OF the Vatican edifices.
contains MicheIangelO first MASTER
piece In painting The Last Iudg-
ment" The Pauline chapel possesses
Michelangelos frescOes OF The Con-
version Of St Paul" and The Cruel
tixion Of St Peter"
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16

When Napoleon went TO MOSCOW and
back 1t was found that the French
soldiers stood the intense cold better
than the Poles and north Germans. II
Is quite wrong. by the way, to sup
pose. as Is often done, that that fatal
winter set IN early with exceptional
severity. Napoleon invented that ex-
PLANTATION to palliate the disaster into
which be plunged his army. But the
autumn was so exceptionally mild that
the peasants believed that God was
favoring Napoleon. and the first snow
storm did not cOme until Nov. 8, an
unusually late arrival
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
Points on CARVING,

The expert carver should choose a
chair which brings the arms Just few
inches above the meat TO be carved
and make the movements easy and
natural The platter should be large
enough to hold the entire bird or
joint, placed near enough to the carver
to bring the center Of the knife blade
over the fowl when the carTers arms
are extended and slightly bent at the
elbows. The carving knife should have
q uniform edge moderately sharp and
slightly rough or ragged The raw
edge r. better for cutting meat than q
smooth edge.-Washtngton Star.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
Elizabeth Fry.

Elizabeth Fry's great WORK for prison
reform was all done after her marriage.
L was In 1913 that she paid her nrst
and memorable visit to Newgate prison
and IN 1917 formed the Association
For the Improvement Of Female Pris-
oners in Newgate. which attracted such
widespread interest Der efforts were
not confined to Great Britain. many
continental prisons being the better for
her labos.-London Mall.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
Arusntina'D Natural erido..

In Argentina there n q natural bridge
that IL one OF the most wonderful IN
the world Il spans the BIO Mendoza
and IL known as the Inca br1dgA u 4
the work Of nature and not. a was
once popularity supposed. Of the Incaa.
The road on which It occurs was prob
ably a highway made by the Peruvian
lncas. who took advantage Of the PIE
nOmenon BY leading their road over
this natural viaduct.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
naoorntinn. Enr Wnmnn.

There are few decorations for wom-
en- In Europe. the most ancient order
coming from the Austrian throne. II
Il the decoration OF the Star and Cru
ci6x and h given to women OF high
rank. Another Is the Luisen. founded
IN memory OF the beautiful queen Of
Prussia whom Napoleon insplted This
order II given to all classes u women
who subject themselves to any great
self sacrifice.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-01-16
The death Watoh.S

The 90 called death watch" with
it's mysterious ticking at night time. Is
due to nothing more serious than the
furniture beetle. The larva Of this In
sect burrows In the furniture, making
the pin holes which are often to be
seen In old furniture 1t Is three years
In its pupa condition and at length be-
comes a little brown insect with a
great talent for shamming death, 30
that It Is not very much observed
These beetles often strike the wood Of
their galleries with their heads. and
80 produce q ticking sound which 10 a
CAN to the mate.