davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-09-08
Government Will Back the Banks
Now Will Banks Back the

The cotton situation Is clearing and
Frightening every day. The effect of
England's contraband order had been
fully discounted in advance and pro-
duced no further depression.
Now the clear-cut message of Mr..
Harding of the Federal Reserve board
and the ringing letter of President
Wilson make another point perfectly
plain. That point is that the govern
rnent Is going to back the banks and
1t demands that the banks back the
farmer. President Wilson's vigorous
declaration in behalf of low interest
rates on cotton loans Is especially no.
table.
The thing to do Is for farmers in
every neighborhood to organize. for
mally or informally. and find out Just
what the local banks will do. Last
year 1t was repeatedl, stated by the
minority Of bankers who were willing
to lend money on cotton, that few
farmers applied for such loans. Let
not that be said this year. We must
Keep the crop from being rushed to
market at present prices, and that
means that farmers must avail
themselves of all the cooperation af-
forded by banks-for many owners
must have advances IN order to meet
pressing obligations. And remember
this 1t hurts prices just as much for
your neighbor's crop to be rushed to
market as for your own crop to be.
Consequently we should have neigh
borhood action everywhere, with the
stronger farmers joining to help the
weaker ones.
III 1t were only twelve months later
and our Federal Reserve banking sys-
tenn were in operation" Secretary Nc
Adoo said to the writer a year ago,
I'VE could handle this cotton situation
without any trouble That system
is In operation now. 1t is on trial, and
the United States government posi-
lively asserts that the banks can
finance the crop-and at reasonable
interest charges-if they will. It's up
to the system and the banks. And we
appeal to them to see that aid is ex-
tended-not primarily to the COM
mercial and speculative classes, but
to the man at the bottom, the man
whose sweat and labor actually pro-
duced the cotton. And unless such
aid Is extended. 1t is only fair to say
that somehow or other we are going
to get a system that will recognize it's
duty to agriculture as we'll as to COM
merce. manufactures and transporta-
ton and that the whole agricultural
South will at once move with hurr,-
canc-hke force for an absolutely new
deal in banking -- Progressive Farm
er.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-09-08
SOLDIERS SHOOT BANDITS,
RETURN FIRE ACROSS THE RIO
GRANDE.
Less OF Danger Now by Cooperation of
Carranza Authorities I'm Withdraw
Ing Troops.

Brownsville. Texas, Sept 5.-Two
Mexican bandits were shot today by
American soldiers who returned the
Mexican's fire across the Rio Grande
at Cavazos crossing, about 40 miles
above here. At the same time the
gravity Of the situation was some
what relieved by the active coopera-
ton of Carranza military authorities
who removed Carranza troops from
the river bank at Cavazos crossing.
Several troop trains arrived here
today. the beginning of a movement
which will increase the United States
border patrol to 1000 men.
The troops which arrived today, the
Fourth infantry. will be stationed at
Fort Brown here, the Twenty-sixth
infantry moving to Harlingen, rs
miles north Of this city, and within
quick reach Of all the disturbed area.
Col. Robert L. Bullard, in command
of the border patrol, has established
his headquarters at Harlingen, Col.
A. P. Blocksom taking command Of
the troops here.
Maj. William Hay, chief Of staff of
the department of the south, also ar
rived today.
One Carranza officer and a civilian
are known to have been killed in
Yesterdays fighting at Cavazos cross
ing. AT least dozen other Mexicans
were seen to fall during the fighting
and were believed to have been killed
or wounded.
Only one American soldier was
wounded. His injuries are not seri-
Gus.
Today's engagement was brief, the
Mexicans, believed to have been part
OF band which last week looted
several stores near Mission. Texas.
retiring after two of their number
were wounded. The Mexicans OPEN
ed the fight by firing on an Ameri-
can soldier stationed in a tree to OBJ
serve movements on the Mexican
side of the Rio Grande. None of the
Americans was wounded.
Earlier in the day a detachment of
Mexican troops assembled at the river
crossing but they. were withdrawn
when Col. Bullard reported heir
presence to the Carranza consul here.
Col. Bullard said today that last
nights order Cairg all troops at Fort
Brown to quarters was issued TO
have force quickly available 70 send
TO points along the railroad near
brownsville where il had been re-
ported Mexicans were cutting wires
and railroad bridges were threatened
with damage. The night passed with
out any incident which necessitated
ordering out the troops.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-09-08

Athens, Ga, Sept. 4.-State Com
missioner of Agriculture J. d. Price,
VINO reached here today on a State
vide tour, received a telegram from
State Entomologist e. Lee Worsham
asking that he re-establish quarantine
against the boil weevil in the extreme
southwestern counties of the State.
The message stated that the weevil
had been found as far as Boston. in
Thomas County.
The quarantine was raised onlv q
rev weeks ago. Commissioner Price
said that fresh precautions will i'm
mediately be taken.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-09-08
Revolt I'm Yucatan.

Washington. Sept. 6.-Another So
rious outbreak involving revolt
against Carranza for the control of
Yucatan. was reported today by Unit
ed states Consul Canada. at Vera
Cruz. Six hundred Carranzistas at
Progresso mutlned. killing the newly
appointed governor and few others.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-09-08
The CnIucky ~.

Honolulu. Sept. 5.-The three sub
marines of the T. group remaining
since the loss Of the IA were put out
OF commission today when the Ameri-
can steamer Supply crashed into the
llotilla while docking here. The ves-
sells damaged were the FL, F-2 and
Pa.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-09-08
In the Police Court,

The following cases were disposed
or In the police court Monday:
Johnnie Bclcher. exceeding speed
limit In automobile, forfeited bond of
$40.
Henry Robertson. nOn-payment
of street taxes, $500 or 10 days.
j. d. brown, non-payment of street
taxes. bond of $500 forfeited.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-09-08

manager of farm
Has had 20 years experience. Can
furnish best Of recommendations
.. n. Dohrman, Sumter. S. c., r.
f. D, 4.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-09-08

fOK SALE-Farm moving machine.
In good condition. Will accept
wood in part payment. Persons in
'3reSted SOC w. 7. UaU.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-09-08
CONFERENCE ASKED FOR,
Carranza Commander Wants to Tall
to Funston.

Washington. Sept. 6.-The COM
mander of the Carranza forces at
Matamoras has asked for conference
with the American commander in that
vicinity. Gen. Funston reports today.
He proposed to confer on the interna-
tiOnal bridge.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-09-08
BOIL WEEVIE IN GEORGIA.
State EntOmOlOgist Calls for Quaran

State EntOmOIOgist Calls for Ouaran.
tine.
Thomasville, Ca, Sept. 4.-The
hrst cotton boil weevil has entered
Georgia, State Entomologist E. Lee
Worsham announced here late today.
after a conference with George H.
Smith, of the Federal board of ento-
mology. The weevils came from Ala
oama. Mr.. Worsham said. Very few
traces OF the pest have yet been re-
ported.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1915-09-08

two miles from Sumter.
near Charleston railroad, two set
ter puppies. four months old. One
Drown and white with brown ears:
one white. with light tan spots. Lib
eral reward for return to E. B.
Lowry, at the postoffice.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-04-09
LABOR OVERLOOKED.
Material Product of More Value Than
the Human Producer.

Material Product of More Value Than
the Human Producer.
In a recent address before the first
national university extension confer
ence at Madison. Wis. George l..
Sprague, former general apprentice SUI
pervisor of the American Locomotive
company, said in part
THE problem of industrial unrest
has forced itself upon the attention Of
the nation. The rumblings Of revolu-
ton are evidenced in the strife in Colo
RADIO, Paterson, Lawrence and other in
dustrial centers.
"All this grows out of the rong en-
phasis in industrial relations upon ma
terial product instead of human pro
Queer. His needs have been overlook
ed, and chief among the needs Of
workers Is this provision for training.
Increasing subdivision of labor rem
dered possible by invention Of machin-
cry and improved processes Of manu-
facture have broken down trade stand
ards and crowded industry with mass
Of specialists, machine operators and
automatic machine tenders. The neces-
sity for resourcefulness. initiative and
all round trade skill has been driven
out by these factors
THE grim lines of this tragedy Of
human hopes and ideals are not soft
ened in the rendering. because those
clothed in fine raiment. sitting remote
from those whose fortunes they control,
sit at ease and move the financial fac
tors like pawns upon chessboard,
which so often checkmate the dreams
of peace and happiness of the mass of
industrial workers."
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-04-09
WIN FREE SPEECH FIGHT

ALLENTOWN, PA.-Organized Ia
Dor won an important victory in this
city when Judge German discharged
President Mauer, of the State FEEDER
alton of Labor, and Charles w. Err
vim in proceedings brought before him
on an appeal from conviction before
Mayor Rim. Both men were arrested
last summer during the free-speech
fight in this city because they dared
to speak, in violation of the mayors
orders, on the public square. The
mayor fined them $50.
In his reversal of this decision,
Judge German said public meeting
on the public square was no nuisance
and that persons on foot had as much
right there as vehicles, and that the
less the authorities did to interfere
with these meetings the better they
would be Off The judge placed the
costs on the city.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-04-09
LOW WAGES THE RULE

In a report on wages and hours or
labor in the lumber mill work, and
furniture industries, the United
States department of labor shows the
low rates paid workers in these call
ings. The average hours for mill
workers range from 4S to 60 Their
average wages is: Bench hands,
$3.50; laborers, $10.47; machine
hands, $15.57.
In the furniture industry the hours
vary from a minimum of 55.1 for
carving to maximum of SIS for
machine hands. The wage rates are;
Cabinet makers, $3.50; carvers, hand,
s1741; chair assemblers, SLIP; fin
ishers, $1181; machine hands, $3.50;
upholsters, $16.42 veneerers, $12'55'
Referring to the lumber industry,
the report says the predominating
working time is 60 hours week, al
though the hours varied from less
than 60 in a few instances to over DO
in Others" The average rate for la
borers is s1040; for machine feeders,
planning mill, $11.34; doggers, $11.22;
trimmer operators, 1920; settlers,
S15.71, and edge men, $16.27.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-04-09
ooOoooooooOOOoOOCcOoOOooo
5 OF INTEREST TO WORKERS.

Wisconsin railway trainmen are Tux
ing part in a movement to limit the
length of trains.
Eastern Ohio coal mines. closed since
last April because of II ST Ike OF 10000
workers, have decided 70 resume opera
tons on an open shop basis.
The first thorough cry n.zation OF
miners in this country took place In
1865 when the Work 'ngmen's Benevo-
lent association was formed.
Despite the ever present problem OF
unemployment in New York city. eff
forts to form unions In the heretofore
unorganizable trades are being made.
Employees Of the government print
Ing office will receive thirty days an
nual leave hereafter instead of twenty
six days as the result Of decision by
Comptroller Of the Treasury Downey.
An interesting compensation case In
Ohio resulted In the award OF six years
pension at $40 per week for te-e-
phone worker despite the fact that the
telephone company had settled with
him for 5000 cash
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-04-09
GEORGE E. BOOMER
PASSES FROM OUR MIDST
Served Many Years in Labor S
Cause.

.,rr1 George E. Boomer, recent
~ Socialist candidate for congress,
has passed away, a victim of typhoid
fever. Comrade Boomer was editor
of The Peninsula Free Press, of Port
Angeles, and has been for years an
ardent worker in the cause of labor,
both as unionist and Socialist. He
was a forceful speaker and a convinc'
ing writer along social and political
lines, and will be greatly missed by
the Socialists of Washington. The
news of comrade Boomers sudden
death will be a shock to many persons
in union and Socialist circles through
out the state of Washington. The
Washington Socialist extends profound
condolance to his bereaved family
and we shall all mourn the loss of sc
earnest and tireless a worker in the
cause of Socialism.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-04-09
TO THE MERCHANTS OF
EVERETT
How We Can Help Make Business
Good.

We wish to call attention to the fact
that the taking-over of The Labor
Journal by the Everett Trades Council,
with the unanimous endorsement OF
the four thousand union men and wom-
en- of this city, means a whole lot OF
new business for our advertisers
The Labor Journal is no longer pri-
vate property 1t is owned by or
ganized labor This means that every
union workman in Everett is person
ally interested in its success. 1t
means that it's subscribers and read
ers each and all desire to see the
Journal grow and prosper.
This paper can prosper only ALONG
WITH those merchants who patronize
its advertising columns.
Organized labor will and must pat
ronize the merchants who patronize
THEIR paper.
The owners of The Labor Journal
do not want something for nothing.
They will study it's advertising col
umns, and patronize its patrons, as
matter of business as we'll as of fair
play and simple justice.
We ask the merchants of Everett
to give us an opportunity to help them
to sell their wares to our readers. In
return We ask that the goods be as
represented in these columns, the
prices fair, and oh you LABEL
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-04-09
ECONOMY TO SAVE
LIFE AND HEALTH,
Church Opposed to Changing
New YOrk'S Labor Law.

Two bills put before the legislature
Of the state of New York have for
their object the abolition of the present
labor department The assembly bill
transfers the duties Of the department
to the secretary Of state, and the SEN
ate bill would wipe out the department
as now organized and consolidate it
with the workmen's compensation COM
mission, giving the administration of
the consolidated departments to a state
industrial commission. The New York
State Federation Of Labor representing
100000 union workers, has protested
against the proposed legislation, as
have also all affiliated unions.
The Church Association For the Ad-
vancement of the Interests of Labor
has also taken up the matter and has
sent to the governor and members of
the legislature resolutions protesting
against the proposed changes In the
labor law. Bishop David II. Greer
of the diocese Of New York Is presi-
dent of the association, and Bishops
Burgess of Long Island, Nelson of
Albany and Olmstead Of Utica are ac-
tive workers in it. At recent meeting
Of the association, Right Rev. Charles
s. Burch, d. D.. presiding, the following
resolution was passed unanimously:
Whereas, The department Of labor has
been developed to its present stage Of
efficiency after years Of study and pains
taking effort and 1t will be unwise and
impra cticable to delegate it's functions to
an Official whose numerous other duties
will make 1t impossible for him to give
his undivided attention to the enforce
msnt Of laws enacted to promote the we'll
being Of wage earning men. women and
children.
Whereas, 1t is truer economy to protect
and preserve human life and health than
to curtail appropriations intended to pro-
mote the welfare of the states vast army
Of Industrial workers; therefore,
Resolved, That this association is unal-
terably opposed to the merging Of the
department of labor with the Office Of sec
rotary of state or any other state depart
ment We further protest against making
the department Of labor a buffet to serve
partisan ends. 1t should be kept free
from political bias and entanglements.
The legisla ture should help the depart
ment, not hinder 1t, and sufficient money
should be appropriated to enable it to sue
cessfully carry on its work in accordance
with the provisions of the labor law.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-04-09
INSANITY OF POVERTY

George w. Perkins, testifying be-
fore the United States commission on
industrial relations, said;
Anyone approaching this country
in an airship and looking down on it
and seeing our great fertile fields
and rich mines and the comparatively
small population, and then seeing the
number of unemployed-the number
of people who are not employed as
they should be-would think this was
lunatic asylum"
The most insane, unnecessary, bru-
tai and destructive influence that has
touched the face of the earth and
marred its beauty and the happiness
of mankind is poverty.
The wealth of the United States in
1900 is given by the census as $685.
SIT 100000 and for 1910 is estimated
at ,O0O,00O,000. The wealth OF
Great Britain increases 3 per cent
yearly, and ours is increasing far
more rapidly. SO it will be seen that
1915 finds our wealth now well be-
yond the figures for 1910.
In 1910 our wealth per capita was
S1,414, while that of 1850 was $3O7,
showing that notwithstanding the ra-
pid growth of population our wealth
has grown four times as rapidly.
1t is computed that if our wealth
continues to increase at its present
rate we shall amass vastly more
wealth in fifty years than all Europe
has in fifty centuries.
Intelligently, reasonably, equitably,
automatically, there ought not to be
such a thing as poverty in the United
States.
And yet in this richest country OF
the world and of all ages there are
always from ten to twelve million
people suffering the ravages of pow
erty, with their incalculable horrors,
physical, mental, moral.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-04-09
BAKERS MAKE NOVEL MOVE.
Union Has Provided Portable Bakeshop
to Combat Nonunion Bread.

A portable bakeshop to be used in
future contests with employers has
been arranged for by the general exec
utive board Of the Bakery and Confec-
tionery Workers International union,
acting under orders Of the convention
held in Milwaukee last September.
The bakeshop will be held in readi-
ness at Chicago to be shipped where
trouble with employers may occur and
will enable these unionists to turn out
5000 loaves of union made bread, in
eight hours, or $4,000 loaves in three
eight hour shifts per day. The plan
involves an expenditure Of $4,000, and
bakery workers declare they are now
prepared to checkmate favorite move
of employers who would combine and
then lock out the uniOnists, who found
it impossible to supply the demand for
union made bread
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-04-09
TRADES COUNCIL NOTES

BY unanimous vote, it was decided
that hereafter organized labor VIII
not recognize carpenters until they re-
affiliate with the Everett Trades
Council.
A motion carried declaring that Or
ganized labor in Everett favored the
plan of having all political candidates
declare for their platform in seeking
the suffrage of the people. This
places the council on record as fav-
oring this phase of the Whitney con-
yention bill (Senate Bill 229)
The delegate from the BARRIERS
union reported that his lacol had pur-
chased yearly subscriptions to the
Labor Journal to cover every barber
shop within their jurisdiction, which
reaches as far as Stanwood and In
dex.
Delegates from the Typographical
nnion reported the payment of the
first installment of $25 to the Labor
Journal.
Underwriters reported satisfac-
tory conditions in the strike situation,
with money and provisions enough in
hand for a protracted battle.
The matter Of referendums was
brought up for discussion, and it was
the concensus of opinion that a vigor-
Gus fight be made by organized labor
to kill the reactionary bills enacted
by the recent legislature. An ener-
getie campaign for signatures to re-
ferendum petitions will be inaugural
ed at once.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-04-09
Limit Hours of Child Workers.

An eight hour day for all workers
under eighteen years is one of the re-
auirements of a child labor bill intro
duced In the California legislature. The
bill provides that children under fifteen
shall not be allowed to work except
In vacation time, puts a twenty
year age limit on night messengers in
the large cities, and restricts juvenile
employment on the stage. except chill
dren fifteen years or older. who may
appear on the stage up to 10 p. IN.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-04-09
WHAT COLORADO BOSSES
HAVE ACHIEVED BY
POLITICAL SOLIDARITY
Some Startling Anti-Labor Legis-
lation Enacted.

While the working-class of Colorado
were busy at the polls, last year, vot-
ing against one another, the employ
ing class were carefully selecting
tools from the various anti-Socialist
parties with which to carry out legal
Iy the complete Russianization of
Colorado with apologies to the Czar)
Practically the capitalist class of Colo
RADIO had long since inaugurated a
CARBON that has more than once
made "the Little Father" enviously
exclaim, "Why didn't l think of that?'
Now despotism and the absolutism of
capital are duly legalized in Colorado.
POLITICAL ACTION IN COLORADO
The Colorado bill, making it trea-
son to advocate a strike, is one OF
four measures induced at the behest
of the mine-owners, and is the answer
of organized capital to organized Ia
Dor for the great coal strike. The
measures undertake to devise all sta
tutes concerning strikes and strike
violence. If they are passed organic
ed labor won't have a change in this
state.
The four measures have thus passed
the lower house. The last one to
pass makes it a crime, punishable by
death or life Imprisonment, to at
tempt to incite any gathering to vlo-
lence, or injury to property, Another
prohibits making a speech, or pub
fishing it in a newspaper, or writing
or distributing an article tending to
incite riot" and provides for prosecu-
ton in such cases. A third makes it
a felony to attack any member of the
National Guard, the state militia,
while a fourth makes it a misdemea-
nor to disobey an order issued by
militia officer.
The tenor of these bills sum up the
attitude of the coal barons and their
hirelings, the state militia. They are
designed to prevent a repetition of
any such uprising as the great coal
strike of last September. Any one,
according to the bill, who advocates
such strike, may be prosecuted on
charges of "inciting" to violence, etc.
The provisions against resisting
state militiamen are easily explained.
During the coal strike the militia was
used in an effort to break the strike,
as the awful catastrophe of Ludlow
testifies.