davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
PATRIOTS" MUST MEET
UNION DEMANDS

BRIDGEPORT Conn. July IL
Though the Remington Arms company
tonight announced an eighthour day.
without decreasing wages, it is not
thought this action viii alter the pres
ent labor trouble.
Union officials say they will fight
out the struggle on the original de
mands that millwrights must become
members of the machinists' or iron.
workers unions. The question will
be placed before Major Penfield, the
company's head, tomorrow, when the
millwrights' committee will seek .
conference.
After the officials conference to
night, it was semi-officiaHy annouuc
ed that hod carriers, hosting engin
GERS and sheet metal workers unior
members would strike tomorrow il
sympathy with the iron workers, who
struck Monday
The company's statement tonight
blamed the various unions for the
dispute and said the trouble soor
would end, unless hidden influences
are working
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
UNION HEAD IS
SHOT DOWN AT
DOOR OF HOME
Man Who Opposed Policies of
Chicago Lumber Dealers Gets
Two Bullets in Lung and May
Be Fatally Wounded.

CHlCAGO,-An unknown assailant
called Charles Johnston, secretary OF
the Brickmakers' International Union
to the door of his home in Kenilwortt
Avenue on July 6, and fired two bul
let's into his lung The assailant es
capped, leaving no clue. Johnston is
in a precarious condition in St Fran
els Hospital, Evanston.
Johnston, as secretary Of the Brick
makers union, has been active in Cd.
posing the recent policies of lumber
dealers and building material manu-
facturers in their shutdown in order
to force a settlement of the carpen,
ters' strike.
The Brickmakers' union, since the
lockout, has openly espoused the cause
of fellow craftsmen, the carpenters. It
was part of Johnston's duties as sec
retary OF the union, to act with Off
cials of the carpenters union in a
proposed campaign for closer cooper
alton with the carpenters since the
lockout order went into effect two
weeks ago.
President Leonard A. Busby of the
Chicago surface lines, made the claim
before the board OF arburators that
wages were increasing more than the
cost of living.
Busby declared that 6.546 men ap-
piled for 81 street car jobs last year
and that another 5000 were turned
away on preliminary examination. He
said the company valued most the
men who stayed on the job and ac.
quired increasing efficiency.
The pay of Chicago street railways
increased from 27S9 cents an hour in
1912 to 1923 in 1915, he testified.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
NURSERIES, TURNED INTO
HOSPITALS AND CHILDREN
SUFFER - DOCTORS AND
NURSES SENT TO THE
FRONT

The war is killing thousands of
babies in England.
In London alone, according to re-
turns furnished the registrar-general.
infants are dying by hundreds. In 95
other large cities in England and
Wales, statistics just received show
that the present infant mortality is
the greatest in history and indirectly
due to the war.
Children in Greater London have
been dying at the rate of 200 a week
for the past thirteen weeks in excess
Of the mortality rate for the CORE
spending period in 1914.
The situation is directly traceable
to the scarcity of physicians, thou
sands of whom are serving the coun-
try according to health officials in
London today.
Those doctors who remain in Lon.
don and other British cities are
worked to the limit of endurance.
They have time only to give slight
attention to patients. Nurses avail.
able for civilian duty are at prem.
ium. Practically all of them are car
ing for wounded soldiers.
Contagion Is Rampant.
A virulent outbreak of measles
among London children is still in
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
CREDIT WHERE
CREDIT rs DUE

ST. LOUIS, Mo.-"Labor" truthfully
observes: Against all the hundreds
of public officials elected by Socialists
of the various cities there has never
yet been whispered the word graft "
In every case our opponents have had
to admit that the Socialists were scru-
pulously honest Wherever the Social
lists have been victorious it has been
said that the town would be bank
rupt, yet in no case has any Socialist
city found it difficult to borrow
money, and nowhere has any Socialist
town lost a single factory.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
DAMAGE SUIT AGAINST
MINERS DISMISSED

FORT SMITH, Ark.-A $1,250,00
damage suit, brought by the Bache-
Denman Coal Company against more
than 200 officers and members of the
United Mine Workers of America, was
dismissed in the United States dis
trict court here today for lack of jur-
isdiction.
The suit, which grew out of rioting
in the Prairie Greek mining district
last year, was brought under the Sher-
man Antitrust Act.
The court held the operation of a
coal mine was not of an interstate
character.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
Babies in London Die By Thousands
Because of War; Disease RAMPANT

force, hundreds having died from this
cause alone. Other child maladies.
not dangerous in normal times. have
extracted great toll among children
under ten years of age whose re-
.sistance is less than older children.
Another cause Of child mortality.
for which the war is indirectly re-
sponsible is the great increase in the
industrial employment of married
women and the lack of agencies for
care of children during the absence
Of mothers from home.
Day nurseries, that existed before
the war, practically have all been con
verted into institutions for the care
of the wounded These institutions
previously safeguarded and fed the
infants Of working mothers for two
cents a day
Within the past four months ia
Greater London alone 6,631 children
under the age of ten years have dice.
Not only is the war killing children
but 1t is also responsible for an alarm
ing death rate among persons past
middle age, according to health sta
tistics today. War worries that sap
the vitality and break down physical
resistance to disease have caused
thousands of elders to give up to NAL.
aides that invariably mean death.
Mortality figures for aged persons
who have sons on the firing line or
who worry about Zeppelins show that
wars toll is not taken alone by bull
lets and shells.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
WORKS RIGHT WAY.

CLEVELAND, Ohio.--About a hun
dred scrub women in half dozen Of
flee buildings went on strike lately
for a raise in wages from $1.35 to
$3.50 a day for breaking their backs
to keep things clean. The building
managers declare they won't pay the
price and several are trying to break
in men scabs
The capitalist is strictly
neutral in the war for jobs. He re-
places men with women in Europe and
will with equal cheerfulness replace
women with men when women won't
work cheaply enough to suit him.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
NOTICE TO LABOR
TEMPLE STOCKHOLDERS

Notice is hereby given to all unions
holding stock in the Everett Labor
Temple( Everett Trades Building AS.
sociation) that the semi-annual meet
ing of stock holders will be held in
the Labor Temple Saturday night
July 81, at s o'clock, in accordance
with the provisions of the constitution
and bylaws of the association. Rem
and semi-annual election of officers
will be in order A full attendance
of all stockholders is urged.
Il. p MARSH,
ecretary-Treasurer.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
BANQUET rendered Visitors Tues
day Evening-Short Speeches,
Good Cheer

At 8 D. m. the local organization ten
dered a banquet to the visiting dele
gates. And it was some banquet!
eye editor was there, and he knows.l
About forty Of "the boys" were pres
ent, with brother Billie Smith acting
as POSTMASTER The original topics
assigned the various speakers by
Billie were the cause of much mer'
riment, being "local hits" so to speak
The first speaker called upon was
President P. R. Pollock, of Portland,
Ore, who spoke Interestingly of the
work and purposes of the Northwest
association. He was warm in his
praise of Everett hospitality. Other
guests called upon for "a few remarks
were C. e. Hall, ]. Mullane, R. M.
Westover, J. B. Moncur, brother Lewis,
of Portland, Ore, Frank w. Cottrell,
of Seattle; T. A. Healy, Ed. Spangler
and John Watson, secretary of the
Everett local.
General Organizer J. R. Bruce, of
the United Association, was the prin-
cipal speaker of the evening. His ad-
dress was forceful and informing. He
pointed out that plumbing laws of a
restrictive nature were of great bene-
fit both to the trade and to the public
at large. Master plumbers" he de-
clared, must, in self-protection, as
we'll as in the interest of the house
hold, unite with the journeymen in this
common purpose, the road to any last
ing success for both employer and en-
ployed. 1t is in the interest of all con-
cerned that the people be protected
from INSCRIPTIONS contractors and in
competent workmen."
An atmosphere of optimism and
good fellowship prevailed throughout
the meeting in marked degree.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
HAVE COME TOGETHER

BY a referendum vote of Cigar
Makers and the Stogie Makers it has
been decided to form an amalgamation
of the two unions into one under the
title of the Cigar Makers Union,
suitable terms of agreement having
been reached in conferences, have now
been ratified by a vote of the mem
bership. BY this agreement another
source of discomfort and discordant
note has been removed and the march
of unity goes on, our enemies dis
claimer to the contrary notwithstand
| ing.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16

In attacking capitalism, in helping
to bring to the consciousness Of our
fellow workers the power and respon-
sbilities vested in them, and in teach
ing the workers the need of a political
expression of their class interests, we
are aiming at the very cause of all
the misery, crime poverty and injus-
tice which now make of our so-called
Christian civilization a moekery and q
by-word among right-minded men and
women.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16

unionism, sensible workers will put
that down merely as hypocritical cant
The only unionism of any account is
that represented by the American
Federation Of Labor or the Industrial
| Workers of the World or any other
bona fide organization born of the
daily struggle for existence Union.
ism ought not to be-and is not-a
theory, but fact having its existence
in the life of the industrial world and
not of the theoretical study room.
Now as to the tabled power of the
leader in the trade union. 1t would
not be honest to deny that that criti-
cism is not in some measure justified,
though greatly exaggerated by the
enemies Of labor. There are none
who oppose bossism in the union more
than the Socialists, and it is a fact
that such a condition flourishes most
where the membership is lax in dis
cipline, extremely conservative, and
where the standard Of education is
below the average.
But there is nothing inherent in the
organization of a trade union which
makes for INSCRIPTIONS and irrespon-
sible leadership. A trade union is run
upon the most democratic basis. All
those principles which make for prop
er control are fully in force, and it
may safely be said that on the whole
the leaders do but reflect the opinions
and enforce the desires of the rank
and file. Bossism is but a reaction
against what is generally the normal
condition in trade unions.
AS to the more serious charge that
labor leaders resort to the use of
violence and the pursuit of criminal
methods in their attacks on capital
and that these acts are openly con-
doned by the rank and file, this much
may be clearly asserted: Wherever
such acts of violence are committed
they are made necessary because of
their use by the capitalists them
selves, and, as in the case of the Iron
Workers Union, they are perhaps the
only means the workers had against
the aggressive tactics of the Erectors
Association. OF course, it is incon-
ceivable that men like Taft should
even see the vaguest justification for
such tactics. Their finely sensitive
capitalist nature cannot stand any
thing which seeks to change the eX-
listing property relations. The most
damning and unforgettabe crime is,
in their eyes, an attack upon private
point of view can certainly at least
understand, even if they oppose the
activities of a Mcnamara and men of
that type. In this terrible conflict of
the classes acts of violence and Grim
inality are but an iney table conse-
quence of the struggle.
Not that we believe in the efficacy
of violence or what is generally
termed direct action" The Socialist
party above any other organization
has been consistently opposed to the
use of violence or direct action" as
a means for working class emancipa-
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
EDUCATION LABOR BOON.

President Perkins of the Cigar
makers international Union has this
to say Of workingmen and education:
The uneducated man is marooned
in the morasses of ignorance. preiu-
dice and superstition His vision is
clouded in an atmosphere surcharced
with greed, rapacity and exploitation
of the weak and helpless.
The working classes have a deep
interest in education they have an
intense interest in the intellectual de-
velopment of the masses"
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
PROGRAM OF EDUCATION
PLANNED ALONG LINES
OF SANITATION
Uniform Legislation Needed to
Safeguard Health of Public
MONDAYS OPENING SESSION

MONDAY'S OFENiN1 oEoSION
The ninth bi-annual convention of
the Northwest Association of Plumb
ers and Steamfitters, with delegates
representing Oregon, Washington,
Idaho Montana and British Columbia,
was opene dlast Monday morning in
the Everett Labor Temple, with Presi-
dent William ]. Smith, of the local or
ganization, in the chair. After brief
address of welcome, brother E. p.
Marsh, president of the State Fedora
ton of Labor, was introduced, and ad-
dressed the delegates on subjects OF
present interest to organized labor
throughout the Northwest in general,
though laying special emphasis on the
necessity for labor using its political
power as well as it's economic. lie
advised an active campaign against
the enactment by the enemies of or
ganized labor of such laws as the anti
picketing bill, passed at Olympia last
witner.
Although the need for a combina-
ton of the forces of labor on both the
industrial and political fields was
pointed out, it was not suggested eth
er that labor party be formed or that
candidates of the Socialist party be
supported.
General Organizer J. R. Bruce, of
Canada, was the principal speaker, and
held the closest attention of the visit
ing delegates, both by his eloquence
and by reason of his thorough mast
cry of his subject.
The afternoon session was given
over to committee work
Toward evening the delegates were
shown the sights of Everett and the
joys of motoring on first class streets
and roads. Later, organizer Bruce
gave another powerful address in
which he reviewed labor conditions in
various parts of the world, particularly
in Australasia.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16

The Label League met Monday eve
ming in the Labor Temple. In the alb
sence of the president Mrs. Ingersol
acted as president pro tenn. The fol
lowing officers We're installed Mrs.
lngersoL yice-president: Mrs. Stauffer.
secretary and Mrs. ROBBERS, guard.
Mrs. Love sent in her resignation as
presidentelect and the election was
laid over tin next week.
Mrs. Anderson, a visitor from Ana
cortes League, was present and gave
an interesting talk on the work our
sister league was doing As Mrs An
derson has moved to Everett we hope
to haev her as a member of our
league in the near future.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
Labor Leaders Not AutOcratic
Democratic Rule Prevails

/ ton and it has even gone so far as
to adopt in its constitution that ia
nous Article H., Section 6, which
states specifically that any one be-
lieving in direct action" cannot be
a member of the party. But we can
appreciate the motives which impel
union men to the commission Of what
is conveniently called criminal acts.
Taft the Manufacturers Association
and all good and holy men may hold
up their hands in pious horror and
Indignation at the violence a labor
union may commit Yet do they say
word about the private guards and
thugs of the employers? We haven't
heard any, nor has anyone else.
To clinch his argument as to the
depravity of the labor leaders, Taft
states that although enormous sums
of money were raised for the defense
of criminals (meaning the McNamar-
as) who afterwards confessed their
guilt, neither the Hatters' Union nor
the American Federation of Labor is
willing to raise funds to relieve the
1856 members of the Hatters' Union
against whom judgment of $350,000
has been found" At the first thought
it appears that Taft has made a strong
case against the labor unions, but
more careful consideration will con-
vince one to the contrary
The McNamaras were arrested be.
cause they were active in their unions
behalf Irrespective of their inno-
cence or guilt, their wisdom or folly,
they were fighting labor's battle the
best their limited intelligence and
still more limited vision taught them
how. That is why labor rallied to
their defense that justice may be done
them.
But in the Danbury Hatters' case
that is as clear a barefaced, open
handed robbery as ever was perpetu-
ated since Adams time. Should the
labor movement be too anxious to
fork over the money required by the
judgment it would be an invitation
for further assaults upon union treas
uries. | have upon the authority of
one near to Martin LaWlor, the secre-
tary to the Hatters Union, that the
Danbury members will have to pay the
fine. But the working class ought to
hold off as long as possible, having
as its revolutionary watchword Mil
lions for defense, not a cent for tri-
butte"
To sum up: Trade unionism is not
something separate and distinct from
trade unions. It's philosophy is formed
by the conditions of life, Its actions
are governed by those conditions La
Dor unions do on the whole but reflect
the desire and opinions of the rank
and file. While bossism exists, that
is the exception to the rule. Trade
unions do not use violence as aggres-
sive, but only as defensive weapon.
And finally, an equitable relationship
between the classes cannot exist while
the class conflict exists. With the
abolition of the basis of class inter
ests, private ownership of things So
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
THE OFFICE SEEKER

A man with a deep and steadfast
longing for office will run excitedly
around begging everybody he sees to
sign his nomination petitions and then
when he finally gets enough sigma
lures. will put on a clean shirt and
announce that if the call of duty comes
he will not disregard the summons
Ohio State Journal
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
TAFT ON TRADE UNIONIsM.

lTdue uulOulSlu, ltS ledueIS, pOllCleo
and activities are ever faithful
source of discussion for both stu
dents of society and those who func-
tion in it's highly evolved and ex-
tremely complicated mechanism. The
disclosures before the industrial re-
lations commission, the Colorado
strike and it's aftermath, and finally
| the alleged criminal activities of some
New York labor unions, together with
the arrest of upwards of thirty union
officials upon most serious charges,
all these factors have co-operated in
making the question Of unionism and
trade union policies one Of the fore
most social and industrial problems
of the day 1t is not surprising, there
fore, that ex-President Taft in his ad-
dress at the annual banquet of the
National Association of Manufacturers
should make that the topic Of his talk.
Professor Taft started out with the
usual statement, so frequently heard
from even the btterest opponent of
unionism that Il fully approve of the
principle of labor unions. They are
essential to creating state of equal
ity of dealing between employers and
employees But" he added, "the power
their leaders have acquired in their
organization has intoxicated them,
and they have exercised tyranny
over society and over their own mem
bers that is certainly leading to re-
action and to a restraint of their great
powers within proper and lawful linn
it's"
Dare Not Oppose Unionism.
Concerning Taft's first assertion, 1t
may be said that the time has already
passed when any man in the public
eye or any great industrial magnate
could come out flat-footed in opposi-
ton to unionism. 1t would be too
dangerous. Nor was this change in
their attitude accomplished without
many a great industrial upheaval
which brought conviction to their
minds sooner than any moral argu-
ment of academic demonstration. And
doubtless trade unionism, the idea re-
sorted, in its struggle for establish
ment, to the same weapons which
trade unions, the fact, must now use.
Certainly Taft is in favor of union
ism-in the abstract. So is John d.
Rockefeller, Jr So is every great
spokesman of the capitalistic class,
barring Otis and his very small fol
lowing. But unionism in the concrete?
Well, that's a different story. The
unionism which Taft favors is not the
strong, virile, energetic type, the
unionism of class consciousness, of
solidarity, of revolution. The union
ism which he favors is the weak, the
emasculated, the apathetic type, de-
void of all those elemental character
istics which tend to make it a source
of succor or strength to the wage
Garner. And so when a Taft before
the bosses association or a Rockefel-
Ter before an investigation commits
sion proclaims his belief in trade
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
WATER POWER RESOURCES
OF STATE ARE UNEQUALED

UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON.
Washington is credited with having
the largest amount of estimated horse
power from water resources of any
state in the Union. The report of
the commissioner of corporations on
waterpower development in the United
States, March IA, 1912, received by
the college of engineering, gives the
following figures:
Potential horsepower on basis of IS
per cent efficiency.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
BRITISH GOVERNMENT
ADOPTS DRASTIC MEASURE
May Lead to Grave Trouble
WAR MUNITIONS ACT WILL BE
APPLIED TO WELSH COAL STRIKE

LONDON, July 13-The British gov
ernment has decided to apply the
munitions war act to the South
: Wales coal strike because the strike
Is prejudical to the transportation OF
munitions This was announced in
the house of commons today by Wal
: ter Runciman, president of the board
of trade
An official proclamation will be is
sued today making it an offense to
take part in coal strike.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
TO EQUALIZE FREIGHT
CHARGES

PORTLAND, July 13-Representa-
tives of Portland shipping organiza-
tions and longshoremen's organiza-
tions will meet here in a few days
to try to adjust the matter of equaliz-
ing the waterfront freight handling
charges here with those of ther Pa
cific coast cities
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16

Great Britain continues her senti-
mental policy of blocking shipments
to Germany without killing steamship
passengers. Where's her manhood
Philadelphia North American.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16

Penfield reiterates his belief that
German influences are back OF the
strike. Union officials declare this
assertion a joke.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16

There are 2,502 daily newspapers in
the United States OF weeklies. there
are 16.232 and of monthlies, 1881.
The number of towns in which news
papers are published reaches 11,S17.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1915-07-16
A GENTLEMAN

Sadie, what is a gentleman"
please, ma'am," answered the we'll
bred child, "a gentleman's a man you
don't know very well"