davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1915-02-14

entines in the embossed envelopes of
the last century, and the fancy cards
in pasteboard boxes which used to be
sent and were such trial in the
stamping machine, have now given
place to thousands of post cards. while
books, candy, flowers. fruit and other
articles requiring careful wrapping
come by special delivery or in the par
eel post.
There is no live stock Of any descrip-
ton carried by parcel post except by
accident, though there Is under discus
ward an extension Of the service in this
direction. that the farmers and coun-
try people generally may have the
benefit of sending their live poultry,
and perhaps game, to customers direct.
-.
country swain not being up in parcel
post regulations and wishing to send
the admired one a suggestive. live.
honey valentine sent her a pair Of
bantam chickens by the parcel post
The postmaster at the country post Of
flee, not having read carefully his in
structions. or perhaps having a fellow
feeling, allowed the tiny cock and hen
to come to Washington, and they were
SO cute and the cock crowed so Justify
on his arrival that the parcel post man
delivered the pair to the intended one.
Besides these, pair of rabbits came
through in the same way.
Since the rage for picture postcards
began, valentines largely take that
form. and as addresses are often de-
fective. and there is no return marks,
these are turned into "Cupids morgue"
in the dead letter Office, where they
are carefully looked over. sorted out,
put In packages and by the help of a
list furnished by municipal officers.
sent around to the various charitable
institutions and hospitals. On reach
ing this final destination they are dis
tributed among the inmates and pa
tients in the wards, of course the
children coming first.
This is a wise and cheerful disposi-
tion of them that Uncle Sam has
thought out, as they bring sunshine to
many a little child and older person,
too. who may have been overlooked on
st Valentines day. And though the
gift is bit late, it Is enjoyed just as
much, as was illustrated in the case OF
an old sailor in one of the hospitals.
who was moved to tears of Joy at the
sight of the valentine, explaining to
the nurse that ii was the first he had
received in years. The last one reached
him In foreign port. he explained
and since then there had been silence.
Flowers and fruit are distributed in
a similar way after being kept for a
reasonable length of time in the large
ice box which was installed in October
In the new city post Office for that pur-
pose. all perishable goods being put In
this II delivery is belated.
Evening star., 1915-02-14

ter than American export figures, al
though it is necessary to reduce the
English hundredweights to bushels.
In the hve-year period from 1909 to
1919 the imports of American wheat
into the United Kingdom ranged from
10000, 900 bushels upward. In 1912 they
were nearly 3S,000,000 bushels. and in
the following year they exceeded 67,-
0ee, ,000 bushels.
Flour imports from the United States
during this period have also been I'm
portant. They have not fallen below
5,000,000 hundredweight, and in most
years have been nearer to 100000 hun
dredweight.
Evening star., 1915-02-14

of supply, except in the years when
there was a crop shortage within her
own vast borders. That was the case
in 1913, when the United Kingdom only
obtained 100000 bushels, But In 1910
Russia supplied England with upward
of "a ,00O, 900 bushels. and in other years
from 20,OO0,0oO bushels up to 35,0oO.Oo0
bushels.
The Russian wheat fields have not
ceased to produce because millions of
Russians are enrolled in She army
ranks The claim has been ::lade that
there has been, and will he. no deh-
cheney in the harvests due to failure to
plant the crop. This may be true The
Siberian wheat fields may have some
surplus for shipment to Great Britain
across the Pacific. Some wheat also
might be gotten out by way OF the
Black sea, but the Baltic hardly would
be considered as safe for transporta-
ton.
Evening star., 1915-02-14

The extent to which England is alb
sorbing the bumper crop of 1914 10 a
matter of current news. 1t shows to
what country the United Kingdom must
really look in filling her bread basket
The British colonies are important.
Argentina is very important, but the
United States is the most important of
all. The deficiency caused by Russia
and Roumania almost certainly will be
made up by this country. 1t is known
how feverishly England is absorbing
the American wheat crop. and this
feverishness Is certain to continue as
long as the United States has any sur
plus wheat to ship.
Evening star., 1915-02-14
Britain This year. .

in arms, as well as the million in arms,
are counting on Russia as reliable
contributor to the bread basket during
the next year or two.
Roumanfa may not technically be
classed among the allies as yet, but
her attitude is not in doub.. The United
Evening star., 1915-02-14

engaged in war, must think of her own
neople first and of her allies after
ward. The tendency would be to pro-
vide means for keeping the bulk OF her
wheat crop at home while hostilities
last, even if there were ample means
of getting it afioat consigned to friend
ly nations.
1t is not likely that English states
men who have to think of feeding the
forty odd million BritonS who are not
Evening star., 1915-02-14

land, Ohio, and its counterpart. ad-
dressed in the same handwriting. lies
in the British Museum. Each Is no less
than twelve inches square and. evil
IDENTIFY for convenience, folded three
times. The seal of each Is a heart
splattered with red ink. One authority
says the first valentine, as they are
now known, was made in 1900 in Eng
land, those of the sixteenth and seven
teenth centuries being in the form of
practical presents.
In Great Britain to this day in certain
hamlets there exists on Valentine day
quaint custom among the chlldren:
Very early in the morning they may
be seen in twos and threes gathering
at the yearly assembling place, from
which they go forth and troop from
house to house singing a little song
that concerns the meaning of the day.
Everybody has ready either few pen
nies. some candy or a toy to toss from
the windows. In Norfolk any child VINO
before sunrise is on the street ana
will say Good morning, valentine" is
free to ask the person greeted for
penny.
Charles Duke of Orleans. who Ian
guished for twenty-five years in the
Tower of London after being taken cap
tive following the battle of Agincourt,
was the creator of the first written
valentine, and there are sixty of these
to be seen among the royal papers in
the British Museum.
When the fashion for sentimental
rhyme for valentines got its substan-
tial start-in the year 1797-there were
many people who wanted to send out
fervid messages, but could not make a
rhyme to save their lives, SO an enter
prising rhymester got out a couple of
books, one the "Gentlemen's Valentine
Writer" and the other the Ladies Po-
lite Writer" Among these, and num-
mentioned, is a laughable string of
lines devoted to the use of a grocer:
Your breath is allspice declare.
And you're neat and handy,
That you're sweet, l think, my fair,
AS plums or sugar candy.
BE favorable, l implere.
These verses kindly weigh
And II you will my heart restore,
I'll treat you to some tea"
To which the grocer's love responded; ;
your letter 1 have weighed,
Am truly afraid
Many pounds you re deficient In weight,
And SO, Mr.. Grocer.
I'd have you know, sir,
l care not fig for your treat"
'It is strange that a day SO distinctly
marked in character as Valentine day
should have SO vague an origin" says
a writer on festivals and feast days.
tain, he continues, is that Valentine
day originated during the Claudian
period in Rome. Claudius was a IA
mously cruel emperor, and as Veq-
geance upon the citizens for not en-
Enthusiastically responding to every
declaration Of war that he made ne
forbade marriages. which. he said.
Evening star., 1915-02-14
BY CHARLES M. PEPPER.

m NGLAND's bread basket in peace
H. times needs reflling every
H. ninety days In war times the
~ period has to be shortened
somewhat.
/. Long before the present hostilities
began the question of how long the
United Kingdom could feed herself was
discussed with animation. Sometimes
It came up in parliament. Often it was
the theme of partisan controversy. Fre-
quently it was the topic of profound
Observation by political economists.
Statesmen with a practical mind-and
most English statesmen are of that
sort-usually considered it in connec-
tion with the navy.
Some of the theorists used to main
tain that even under peace conditions
two months would be the limit under
which the English people could get
along without going very hungry, but
the weight of opinion was in favor OF
ninety days. A compromise view was
that ninety days in peace and sixty
days in war would be the limit.
This did not mean that the mass of
the population would eat more in war
tndn IN peace IT assumed tnat tnere
might be some interference with do
nestic agricultural production, and
that supplies would be further de-
pleted by the necessity of provisioning
the army.
To fill the bread basket of $4,000, 900
people when the agricultural area is
limited, it is clear that other sources
of supply than the domestic one must
be looked to: There is, moreover, the
fact that the English people want
wheat bread Germans may thrive on
rye bread, and America may develop
robust men and women who know and
enjoy corn bread, but with the Britons
at home eating wheat bread has become
so much a habit that it may be classed
with other British institutions, such as
parliament and the limitation of the
kings prerogatives.
In peace times all the world Is open
to the United kingdom to draw wheat
and -four from. There are the British
possessions overseas, all Europe itself.
the United States and South America.
These sources of supply are ample to
insure the average quantity of bread.
since a worldwide failure of the wheat
crop never happens.
In ordinary years it takes above one
hundred million hundredweight, or
about two hundred million bushels of
imported wheat to fill the bread basket
of the United Kingdom. in addition to
the domestic supply. In 1913 the i'm
portations were approximately one
hundred and six million hundredw eight.
or about two hundred million bushels
Part of this wheat came from coun-
tries which are now allies of England
In the world war. Comparatively little
of 1t was from countries with which
England is at war.
Russia has been bountiful source
Evening star., 1915-02-14

Kingdom has been drawing on Rou-
mania to the extent of 100000 to
4,000, 600 bushels of wheat in good crop
years, although occasionally the i'm
ports would be small, either because
of abundance from other sources or
because the Roumanian crop was short.
The combined Russian and British
and French fleets might be able to
keep the straits of the Dardanelles
open for wheat cargoes from the Black
Evening star., 1915-02-14

sea- This would be the outlet for the
Roumanian wheat destined for Eng
land; but Roumania, with a large pro-
portion of her population under arms,
and with the prospect that she will be
one of the belligerents, cannot AFFORD
to let her leading agricultural product
Evening star., 1915-02-14
Fillin6 Fngland's Bread Basket in W

Kingdom Draws All the World for Wheat Feed Her Peopeh
Feed Ninety Days Peace PnodSuppEes From Russia
Chief
GanayWha the Bumper the United States Means
Evening star., 1915-02-14

This ice box Is as large as a hall bed
room in a city boarding house and
Evening star., 1915-02-14

Russia. however, like any country
Evening star., 1915-02-14

::; !: !: r.: $;
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1915-07-08

State of Ohio, Insurance Department, Coum-
bus, March /, l9l5.-I, Frank Taggart, Super
intcndcut Of Insurance of the State OF Ohio,
do hereby certify that the
Boston Insurance Company,
located at Boston, in the State OF Massachu
sctts, has complied in all respects with the laws
OF this State, applicable to it, and is author.
lied during the current year to transact in
this State on the capital stock plan its appro.
pirate business of insuring property against
loss or damage by fire and lightning and tor.
nadoes, and making all kinds of insurance
goods and other property in course OF trans
portation on land and water and on any yes
sci or boat, as prescribed in Section 95lO,
paragraph first, General Code of Ohio. Its
condition and business, on the thirty-frst day
of December of the year next preceding the
date hereof, is shown by its statement, re.
qured by law, to be as follows: Aggregate
amount OF available assets, S6,465,723.l7; ag.
gregate amount OF liabilities (except capital),
including reinsurance, reserve, S3,l2J ,994.4li
net assets, S3,337, ,72S.76; amount OF actual
pad-up capital Sl,O00,0O0.00; surplus 81
537,728.76; amount OF income for the year in
cash. S5,799,722l5; amount OF expenditures
for the year in cash, $5,70+,772.03. In wit.
ness whereof, l have hcrcunto $ibscribed my
name and caused my official seal to be affixed,
the day and year first above written.
[sEALl Frank Taggart, Supt. of Ins.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1915-07-08
THE CIGARETTE BEETLE.
This Tough Little Pest Will Flourish
Even In Cayenne Pepper.

A tiny but withal practically ON
nivorous little fellow, the cigarette
beetle is known to science as Lasioder-
ma serricorne. 1t is common In nearly
oil tropical and subtropical countries,
and, rs n sample of its catholic tastes,
we may mention that 1t will breed in
raisins, rhubarb, cayenne pepper, rice,
ginger, dried fish, upholstery, ergot,
turmeric, books, cane work, gun wads,
iquorice, saffron, belladonna and in
pyrethrum powder strong enough to
kill cockroaches-a varied catalogue to
be sure. 1t is chiefly as a pest of
tobacco, in various forms, however,
that the cigarette beetle has become
notorious. The greatest damage Is
done to the wrappers Of cigars and
cigarettes, through which 1t eats small
holes.
The larvae live upon the tobacco leaf,
and n very interesting fact is that the
size of the adult beetles, into which the
larvae eventually develop depends not
only on the quantity, but also on the
quality, of tobacco that has been de-
voured in the immature stages. Ex-
pertinent has shown that in every case
beetles obtained from selected cigars
were double the size Of those from
low grade tobacco. 1t will be remem-
bered that the cheese skipper" Is par
tial to the better cheeses; similarly, the
cigarette beetle Is somewhat of con-
noisseur, for given a free choice cigar
cites are always the first to be infested,
while cheap grade tobacco and cigars
kept in the same room will remain un-
infested for years.
Apart from the actual destruction of
the tobacco leaf, the larvae spoil It's
aroma and accordingly depreciate its
value; 1t Is some consolation to know
that the adults themselves do no DAM
age. This little beetle Is most difficult
to eradicate, and, to that end, an eX-
perimental X ray machine was spe-
cially built at great expense In Amer
lea. The machine was to be capable
of "sterilizing" cigars, on a commercial
scale, at the rate Of 10000 day; volt
ages of 64000 to $4,000 and exposures
as long as an hour were tried without
the slightest effect upon eggs, larvae,
pupae or adults-the experiment was
a failure.-"Insects and Man," by @. A.
Ealand.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1915-07-08

State OF Ohio, insurance Department, Colum.
bus March l., l915.-I, Frank Taggart, Super
intcndent of Insurance Of the State Of Ohio
do hereby certify that the
o American Insurance Company,
located AT Newark, in the State of New Ter.
sey, has complied in. all respects with the
laws OF this State, applicable to 1t, ard Is
authorized during the current year to transact
in this State the capital stock plan its
appropriate business OF nsurng property
against loss or damage by fire and lightning
and tornadoes, and insurance against loss by
the theft OF automobiles and accessories and
against damage thereto from this cause and
making all kinds OF insurance on goods and
other property in course OF transportation OF.
land and water and on any vessel or boat, as
prescribed in Section o5l0, paragraph first,
f,ld Section 95S6, General Code of Ohio Its
condition and business, OH the thirty-iirst day
of December of the year next preceding the
date hereof, is shown by its statement, re.
quired by law, to be as follows: Aggregate
amount of available assets, Sl0,2lo, ,94l.49; ag-
gregatc amount of liabilities (except capital),
including reinsurance, reserve, $3.50 547 80;
net assets, $4,366, ,393.67; amount of actual
pad-up capital, $l,000,000.00; surplus, S3,366,-
593.67; amount of income for the year in
cash, S4,4l5,4o6.o0; amount of expenditures
for the year in cash, $4,2lS l00.37. In witness
whereof, S,ave hercunto subscribed my name
and caused my official seal TO be affixed, the
day and year first above written.
lsEALl Frank Taggart, Supt. of Ins.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1915-07-08

State of Ohio, INSURANCE Department, Colum-
bus, March ], 19l5.--I, frank Taggart, Super
intendcnt OF Insurance OF the State OF Ohio,
do hereby certify that the
Equitable Surety Company
located at St. Louis, in the State OF Missouri,
has complied in all respects with the laws
OF this State, applicable TO it, and is author
lied during the current year to transact in this
State its appropriate business OF guaranteeing
the fidelity OF persons holding places of public
or private trust, who may be required to, or
do in their trust capacity, receive, hold con-
troll disbursc public private moneys or
property; guaranteeing the performance of
contracts other than insurance policies, and
executing and guaranteeing bonds and under
takings required permitted in all actions
or proceedings, or by law allowed, as pre-
scribed in Section 9510, paragraph second,
General Code OF Ohio, in accordance with law
Its condition and business, on the thirty first
day of December of the year next preceding
the date hereof is shown by its statement, re-
quired by law, TO be as follows: Aggregate
amount OF available assets Sl,j40,7 704.5S; ag-
gregate amount OF liabilities texcept capitaD,
including reinsurance, S5S+, 1850; net assets,
N56,525.SS amount of actual paid-up capital,
S500,00000 surplus, S256,525sS; amount of
income for the year in cash, S695 ,906.72;
amount of expenditures for the year in cash,
$3.50, ,5S2.l7. In witness whereof | have here
unto subscribed my and caused my Off
cial seal to be affixed, the day and year first
above written.
tsEALl Frank Taggart Supt. of Ins.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1915-07-08

State of Ohio, Insurance Department. Colum.
bus, March /, l9l5.-I, Frank Taggart, Super.
intendent Of Insurance OF the State of Ohio,
do hereby certify that the
Sconnecticut Fire Insurance Company,
located at Hartford, in the State OF Connecti-
cut, has complied in all respects with the laws
OF this State, applicable to it, and is author.
lied during the current year to transact in this
State on the capital stock plan its appropri-
ate business of insuring property against loss
or damage by fire and lightning and tornadoes,
and by explosions from gas dynamite, gun
powder and other like explosions, as prescribed
in Section 9s10, paragraph first and Section
$3.50, General Code OF Ohio Its condition
and business, on the thirty-hrst day OF De.
cember oi the year next preceding the date
hereof, ia shown by iss statement, required
by law, 10 be as follows. Aggregate amount
OF available assets, $6,769, 1905 aggregate
amount OF laVities Except eapital), inelud.
up capital, Sl,0o0,0OO.0O; surplus. $l,2s9,-
l23.63; amount of income for the year in
cash, $376l, ,l65.6l amount of expenditures
for the year in cash, S5,793,9s4.s8. In witness
whereof, have hereunto subscribed my name
and caused my official seal to be affixed, the
day and year first above written. .
lssALl . Frank Taggart, Supt, Of Ins,
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1915-07-08

State Of Ohio, Insurance Department, Colum.
bus, March !, l9lS.-I, Frank Taggart, Super.
intcndcnt Of Insurance OF the State OF Ohio.
do horcby certify that the
Firemen's Insurance Company,
located at Newark, in the State of New
Jersey, has complied in all respects with the
laws OF fhis State, applicable to it, and is
authorized during the current year to trans.
act in this State on the capital stock plan its
appropriate business OF insuring property
against loss or damage by fire and lightning
md tornadoes, as prescribed in Section 9si0,
paragraph first, General Code of Ohio. It's
condition and business, OH the thirty first day
II Berembgi OF ny year next preceding the
late hereof is shdwn by its statement, re.
.uired by, law. to, be as follows; Aggregate
mount OF available assets, S6,90l, ,l20.56; ag.
'scgate amount OF liabilities (except capitaD,
1eiuding re'.nsurance, reserve, s3,372.9 .957 SO
,et assets, SJ,52S, lS2.77; amount OF actual
.aid.up capital $1,000 100000; surplus, 81 ,s2s,.
ls27" amount OF income for the year in
ash, SS,+2o, ,3S0.95; amount of expenditures
or the year in cash, $3,433 600.36. In witness
hereof, have hereunto subscribed my name
md caused my official seal to be affixed, the
lay aud "ear Grst above written.
IstALl Frank Taggart, Stunt, Of Ina
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1915-07-08

State of Ohio, Insurance Department, Colurn-
bus March i, l9l5,-I, Frank Taggart, Super
intendent of Insurance OF the State of Ohio,
do hereby certify that the
Fidelity-Phenix Fire Insurance Company,
located at New York, in the State of New
York, has complied III all respects with the
laws OF this State, applicable to it, and is
authorized during the current year to trans
act in this Stale the capital stock plan its
appropriate business OF insuring property
against loss damage by fire and lightning
and tornadoes, and making all kinds OF insur-
ance goods and other property in course
of transportation on land and water and on
any vessel or boat, prescribed in Section
95lO, paragraph first General Code of Ohio.
Its condition and business, the thirty-h first
day of December OF the year next preceding
the date hereof, is shown by its statement,
required by law, to be as follows: Aggregate
amount OF available assets, Sl5,27S, ,99j.56;
aggregate amount OF liabilities (except capi-
tal). including reinsurance, reserve, SS,7+y,.
6O0.72; net assets, 6,529, ,592S+; amount Of
actual paid-up capital, S2,500,O00.00; surplus,
S+,029, ,392.S+; amount OF income for the year
in cash, 81, 800, ,4S9.70; amount of expenditures
for the year in cash, S6,S95, ,+66.o5. In wit.
ness whereof, l have hereunto subscribed my
name and caused my official seal to be affixed,
the day and year first above written.
lsEALl Frank Taggart, Supt. OF Ina
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1915-07-08

State of Ohio, Insurance Department, Colum.
bus. April ], l9l5.-I, Frank Taggart, Super.
intendent OF Insurance of the State Of Ohio,
do hereby certify that the
Equitable Life Assurance Society of the
United States,
located at New York, in the State of New
York, has complied in all respects with the
laws OF this State, applicable to it, and is
authorized during the current year to trans.
act in this State its appropriate business OF
making insurance on the lives Of persons, and
insurance connected Herewith and appcrtain.
ing thereto, and against permanent physical
disability, and granting, purchasing and dis.
posing OF annuities. Its condition and busi-
ness on the thirty-frst day of December Of the
year next preceding the date hereof, Is shown
by its statement, required by law, to be as fol.
lows. Aggregate amount Of available assets,
SS36,9s2,S5l.30; aggregate amount of liabili.
ties Except capitaD, including Reinsurance,
and special accumulations, S525 500, l60,15;
general surplus on pocy.holders account,
Sll,O62,69l.l5; capital stock, Sl0O,0OO.O0:
amount of income for the year, SIS, ,9Ss ,Ols.72;
amount OF expenditures for the year $7O,1SJ,.
1890 In witness whereof | have hercunto
subscribed my name and caused my official
seal to be affixed, the day and year first
lsEALl Frank Taggart, supt. of Ins.