davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01
The War Correspondent.

Lord KITCHENER has grac,ously de
cided TO let six newspaper correspond.
ents visit the British front They
will be personally conducted that Is
10 say, there will be no campaigning
for them. To Lord KrTcHENKR, the
most practical Of soldiers, n news
paper correspondent Is an unnecessary
encumbrance In a war and has no
uses whatsoever. Yet II a strict CEN
sorship over his copy could he n,
forced II IL conceivable that he might
have his value.
Sometimes abuses occur IN military
operations, hlunders arc soddled uron
the wrong commanders, the commits
sariat Is miSnanagcd. ammunition
proves defective. battles are lost by
Incompetent Generals OF won by men
70 whom credit is denied. Such mat
tiers are not likely 70 be brought into
the sunlight by war departments;
rather they viii he hidden for months.
perhaps for years until the whole
AlNlh 'tl4lu'A w 4til llf*l- lillian
HOWARD RUssTIL exposed abuses and
wrongs I'm his time: So dli ARCHIBALD
FORBES. and both these responsible
men rendered a public service. Our
recollection is that the clyil war IN
America produced correspondents who
made a proper use OF publicity and
the same could ne said Of more than
one journalist who wrote about the
shortcomings OF the military service
during the spanish war. Why should
war he entirely Withdrawn from the
scrutiny Of the press IN Il democracy;
Must Information always he taken
second hand or from those who have
an interest To conceal the truth or
diStort II? Publicity to-day IS de-
mandcd IN the case Of every function
of government except IN the supreme
one Of making war,
Apparently V @ Lord KITCHENER
has been persuaded that II Is bad
policy ~ exclude correspondents from
the front altogether, There al be
no prctcxt that undcr such n censor
ship as he imposes they will communt-
ate secrets Of strategy 10 the enemy.
While It IS emincntly desirable mat
representatives Of newspapers should
not he allowed to NEEDLE with the con
duct Of a campaign and write uncen-
sorpd narratives about It, there is no
sound reason why correspondents who
are men Of character and proved
ability, the pick OF the profession,
should not he admitted 10 follow In
the public interests the varying for
tunes Of an army.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01
SCIENCE.
Let Us Re RID Of a Plague That Has
Long Affected Is.

To TiIu ErrTcR or TUr ~v~-Sr THO
delicious thrust OF President Nicholas
Murray Hutlrr ~ the Psychologists" Of
our dIv, aud tho vigorous r., nch4ut
blows OF MIR Davidson at che survival
af tn" dttestors. "a recent Issues OF
THE SrN, are delights 20 my sout.
For a. east q quarter of a century.
II not more. orr beloved country has
suffered from q plague of pseudO-scieu-
lists and sociologts;s who have proved
q Erenter pubic calamity Than the ton
plaques Of Lgvrt
i'seudo-Dnrwinisrn the "Darw+n'sn'
~ tine 'unn ON tho street who R,tcwp's
% Justify 10 YOUR ftce his cmpl.vu ,rt
of brutal methods and motives IN his
dealings with his own Kind hv r...
and ytcuously repeating ~Speu,trs most
unfortunate catch phrase, has. think,
received It's ilnal and lnstinc quletus.
Meanwhile | have seen no satlsflc.
tory reply 10 the question whether tho
present attitude OF the German mind.
rs witnessed in ~Treitschke. Nietzs,ha
and Bernhard. IS not "A carrying out :,
its rigorous logical conclusion Of tNls
'damphool philosophy OF The half cdi.
'at.d mon w JFSNiH1N
NEW HAVEN, Conn, February ~.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01

ment with millions Of men still avail
able for the front may have to sur.
render to the "implacable blockade"
by sea. No war in history has been
more expensive. and there can he no
doubt of the ~solvcncy OF the Allies.
Frances economic and financial
situation Is normal despite the enor-
nous expenses of the war: we lack
nothing" says the French Premier.
There may be n strain OF exaggera-
tion In this statement. but France Is
certainly far removed from the con
dltion Of having to plan rigid econ
omy in the distribution of food for
the civilian population. England Is
still better Off. Famine has not be-
gun to cast It's long shadow over any
part Of the British possessions. Rus
sia's food supply Is i~nexhaustible.
The Allies may be beaten on land
and sea, but financially and ono
tcally they cannot be routed. A drawn
campaign on the Continent would be
a victory for them II Germany could
be starved out. Germany al pre-
vail only by m overwhelming, com.
plete and early triumph OF her armies
both In the east and west. In It's
present and perhaps final stage the
contest IL m of sea power against
land power. and theoretically the
now have the advantage.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01
IN THE EVENT OF WAR.
How the Bulletins Would Read Ac-
cording "a n Platnfieid Humorlst.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuS-Str. our
bulletins In the event OF wal with a
European Power would. ! suppose, run
something Ike this:
April 1T "a announced that war
has been declared by the United states
The secretary Of War admits that
orders nave heen issued for % i'm
mediate mobilization OF the army The
Secretary of tho Navy Is said 20 have
ordered the North Atlantic aeet to tho
several navy yards for repair and out
hitting
June THE army Is emharlting on
tho transport Naterland. The fleet -
assembling IN New York hpr1or.
June l0-The Na'erland this morning
steamed for Europe. conveyed ny the
Hcet.
June lS-An u~ncon0rmed report has
been received Of an engagement Ne.
tween our fleet and a submarine of
Calais.
June 19-Report OF naval battle con-
aruca The submarine di~c ted h'r ne
tack agains, the transport Nateriarl.
our army was ruHl5 by her second
torpedo.
June 2o-In me naval battle OF Ell
dav our fleet was victorious. Tho sue
marine was sunk. each. OF our battle
ships firing ono round OF shells.
June 2l-lt Is reported tt "ur feet
is now on It's way home 20 reuew i's
supply OF ammunition. 7. L. NJ
PLArSPrELo. y. j.. February q.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01

newal of A~mer!canism, such a fusion
ambitions, as our country has never
in time Of peace enjoyed.
Il shall later present to YOU my for.
nal resignation. AT that time I shall
give expression TO you and 10 the
public those thoughts which at a mo-
ment Ike this cannot be evaded, and
which ! do not attempt to hide.
"obediently yours.
WILLIAM J. BRYAN.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE, February 81"
We repeat that these letters. or let.
ters like them in substance, have not
been reported from Washington a
fact which will unquestionably be
regretted.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01
against them. Rut Mr.. MALrBrr.

against them. But Mr.. MALrBrr,
whose position should have exempted
him from the needless torments in
ficted on the majority Of the board,
when he found himself implicitly ac-
cused of n ridiculous abuse of privi-
lcge of which he was not guilty. de
livered himself of n lecture which met
with the entire approval of the spec
tators and brought to the inquisltors
possibly their first realization Of the
fact that their conduct and methods
have been generally resented.
Mr.. MALTBfE denied that he felt
like a worn which had turned. and
added that he was rather in the po-
sition Of a mule that had kicked. lie
did It under strong provocation; the
kick reached the anatomics for those
for whom It was intended and 1t
added the one touch necessary to dis
play this malicious proceeding in It's
true light. We thank Commissioner
MALTBIE for that p%ropulsive foot,
while we hope and believe that It
may have n restraining effect on
legislative investigations" other than
the one at which It n delivered.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01
Austria's Case.

From the correspondence contained
in the Austrian Red Book, the publ.
cation OF which was designed to jus
tify the part played by the dual mon
archy In the incidents which culmi-
mated in the European war. 1t is
plain that having decided on the
course Il desired to pursue the Gov
eminent of Hungary allowed
no consideration Of e~ventualities to
Influence Its purpose or to affect It's
Judgment. II resolutely adhered to
its programme, diSregarding through
blindness or pride or purpose the warn.
ings II received from the statesmen
of other nations. 1t accepted no coun-
sci, gave heed 10 no advice, and
stands disclosed as %stubbornly
persisting in an attitude toward Ser.
via the ultimate effect of which must
have been recognized wherever its
consequences would he felt.
Did the rulers OF Austria fail Of
understanding, or did they hold to
their plan in full knowledge Of the
disastrous events it rendered inevi-
table? They rejected the offers Of the
other Powers, ignored the solemn dis
suasive efforts OF GRrY and SAzoNop.
and conducted themselves throughout
the negotiations In a manne TO con-
vince the reader OF these dispatches
that n general war was looked upon
by them as preferable 20 any recess
sion. no matter how slight or what
form II might assume. 1t Is impossi-
BILE to acquit the Austrian statesmen
on the ground OF ignorance: they
must therefore be convicted on their
own testimony.
Austria could have prevented the
war by agreeing TO an international
adjudication OF her dispute with Ser
via. She did not The case against
her rests on her own stnte papers,
which leave nothing to the magma
ton except the origin Of the motive
which decreed her stand,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01
WAR WITHOUT CREDIT.
Is the Influence OF Money IN BelIiger-
ents Oyeremphaslzed?

To EDITOR OF THE SrN--Sir. The
nancia reviewers are coming to the
front with learned forecasts on the
duration of tho war. based. OF course.
on the purchasing power OF the dollar
and tho limit OF credit resources pos
sessed by each of the c~ombatants.
Applying this economic deduction to
the civil war in Mexico. IL ought TO
have ceased two years ago.
Yet the news leaking out from dear
old Mexico hasn't mentioned shortage
of ammunition nor hav II OF the
temporary Presidents been placed in
close proximity to a p%oorhouse.
Go back to the Hundred Years war.
the Thirty Years war. borrowing "a
pacitles were shot 20 pieces in those
struggles. The combatants didn't Dor
row. but levied and seized. WIKI would
ever accuse Frederick the Great of los
ing sleep over contraction OF credit
There we're also the wars under Richie
lieu. when France didn't possess even
a treasury. hardly a recognized central
Government.
During our W civil war. from the
Confederate side. a similar parallel pre-
scented Itself. or course tho South sue
from economic exhaustion, but
not for many months after mo period
set by financial w!seacres.
It's pretty difficult TO measure a coun-
try's power OF military endurance by
economic measurement OF assets IN
sight. because as long as thcro remains
any old property worth selling. hvyoth-
coating OF removing. there will always
be Some shylook lurking in the shadow
TO take n long chance n the interest
rate be allur,ng and the distance be-
tween profit and loss long enough.
HELsN.
WHITE PLAINS, February az.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01
Against the News Monopoly.

The Democrats OF Indiana, desiring
TO establish a newspaper true TO their
political faith. find their way blocked
by the Associated Press. That purely
benevolent mutual welfare society re-
fuses to sell its news to them. True,
to indianapolis. the city in which they
proposed 70 house their journal, two
OF its franchises are credited; but
both are owned by one corporation,
and that by it's power Of veto under
the mOnOpoliStic rule of the ~organiza-
ton prevents the equipment of a rival
with its service.
Under these circumstances the Dem
ocrats of Indiana have gone TO the
Legislature. which they control. and
asked for the enactment of a law TO
compel every news gathering and dis
tributing agency to sell its wares to
any person who wants to buy them
and putting such agencies under the
supervision of the Public Service Com
mission. The law would carry civil
and criminal penalties for violation
Of It's terms. The bin is aimed
against a monopoly: senator CLARKE,
who guided IT through the Senate,
asked p~ertinently. Why should there
be a stone wall around one press
association
In this radical o Indiana IL
doing only what other States which
find the press within their borders
hampered and held down by tho
Associated Press are contemplating
The recurrent episodes in which the
Associated Press renders impossible
the fultilmont Of plans 10 Introduce
competition against its present mem
bership are notorious, and their effect
Is seen in a general movement for
the correction of the abuses hat are
now so widely recognized.
Incidentally, THE SUN filed with
the Department of Justice n year ago
q complaint against the Associated
Press as II monopoly, and prayed for
an Investigation OF the allegations
therein contained. That complaint
has not been disposed OF or acted
upon. What influence prevents the
Governments principal legal adviser,
Acknowledgement THOMAS WATT GREG-
DRY. from comforting on this serious
matter his attention.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01
Tho order Of Certain Name Adjcctl,cs

~ THa EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir. IT'S
way OF 4 few needed reforms. would
q not he more consistent with United
states patriotism % amend a fcw wei
worn huckue,ci phrases"
"" speak ~ tho American Ind'aus.
which sounds q, X Why should we
not correct our ;Crns and say American
Dreman, American Irish, Sc, instead of
giving fhe accent on the wrone end
w" correctly infer that Il would Ne
proper 10 say Pennsylvania Dutch. in
s''It ~ Dutch P"unsvlvaniars. and so
should II forev r hc that the American
protl'at" should outweigh the inferior
subject German American hanks. Cor
man American Insurance companies.
would be equally az well ~ not better
oif under the ti',a OF American German
bunk, American German Insurance
company. No White we are digging
into rosuort why not la' ~ have some
legislation on mis- subject?
w X GuIrFiN.
American Indian Champion.
NV YORK, February =.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01

The formation Of the American Ie-
Rlon, planned by officers of the United
States army and navy and approved
by Major General LEONARD A. WooD
and e~x-President ROOSEVELT, IL a SEN
sible first step In bringing 70 the
United States a knowledge OF the hi.
man material available for building up
a volunteer army.
One lesson the European war has
made plain is the need for soldier
specialists. From every country ne
war has come a call not only for
the man who can shoot or he shot at
hut for the man who can drive n
motor car or a motor boat, lay a rail.
road track or drive an engine over t..
dress n wound. as well as make one.
II Is 10 put on record this special
lied ability that the American lie.
glon aims. The men who have
planned II make no demands for mil
itary drill in times Of peace; they
ask only that those who have knowl-
edge OF value IN times or war shall
put that knowledge on file 70 he called
on in a day OF need
The War and Navy departments
have already done IN L calling what
the American Legion would do IN
many. The Medical Reserve of tho
both services now numbers some hun.
dreds Of CIVILIAN doctors who have
promised their professional help IN
time Of war.
Colonel ROOSEVELT ~ his cnthusias-
tic letter of support puts II plainly
when he says:
Even the most extreme advocate Of
peace at any price can hardly raise IN
objection, since the legion viii only
unity. classify and coordinate defen.
sive factors already IN existence"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01
THE SCHOOL.
OF the ~Sublunctlve and the Indicative,
Were" or "Was."

To ruB EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir, In
THE sun of February If y. E S." ca
an ex-vice-prcsident OF another well
known college, also situated in New Jer-
scy.' cordially invites criticism. Permit
me with equal good win to crafty him
in ~disupptoval not of his grammar but Of
his psychological processes. lie writes
When l cay ~ the speaker tMr. VII
sonl was merely tho President of the
United States" / am asserting that he Is
President. and the Indicative Is required.
Apparently ~. Il. s." is persuaded that
because his words refer by Implication
20 a condition of fact they are able to
absorb from the coSmical verities an
esoterlc power OF declaring what he has
in mind without regard 10 the unfortu-
neto limitations OF language and human
understanding. In reality, however, his
phrase asserts nothing whatever.
To make his evident by u precise
parallel In form, suppose say: II the
moon "was' merely a projected frag-
ment OF tho earth ASSuredly l
have made no as ertion. And what may
~. T.. s." inter from my words re-
speeding matters OF fact? obviously
nothing. II he has an opinion on
that fruitful subject OF controversy It Is
an affair purely OF his own for which
my language In no wise Is responsible.
I am suggesting simply Il hypothetical
case. true or false az may be. Further.
can ~. T.. S" have the remotest notion
concerning what / would or would not
assert IL I should choose 20 assert any
thing? Certainly not unless his peculiar
distinction may be a faculty OF mind
reading.
The truth Of the matter ts that -.
~. s." Is quite hopelessly confused be-
tween assertion AMI implication. be-
tween the actual meaning OF his words
and what he conceives his readers la
Infer from them or know from other
sources of Information. And still worse,
tho Implication Ae mistakes Tor AZ as
sertlun is at most but q secondary one
and IN d.rct antithcsis Of the primary
The immediate and critical sug-
gostion OF lis phrase is not that M. VIII
son Is President but that he IS not
"mercly' President. When. Therefore.
-. T.. (" SAYS. ~ the speaker was
merely tho President he proceeds 10 his
conclusion hy way ~ an assumption In
tended FOR the sake of argument 10 mis-
represent the truth. and FOR that reason
quite the rsver-. Of 4 d~eciaratiou Of fact
On its c~onnotative intent. His imagined
assertion, then. Is nothing moro tangible
'nan tho r%err,tcr Of We implications h
is able TO convey solely bcctu., OF oar
common knowledge ~ ~. suh'n g OF
has discourse.
Tho esteemed ex-vice-president'- de-
fence thue FAILS for lack % logical Dis
elimination. n It be his design 20 as
ser; facts Nv the use OF "tf" ne must
devise 90 accompany his chosen
a." speech not ONLY Is now mode %
taovrht VII a workable system ~ telcp-
atnv - well UutH Ne or another can
70 .ssr4r.N. s.. 4fNaa uIrrH~.rfn r.F,+YN. ~.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01

The Hon. FREnERrcK SIMPSON DEIr-
RICK. who on Saturday introduced a
resolution in the House Of representa-
lives severely attacking Great Britain.
halls from Cambridge. Mass. and his
discriminating district thrice rejected
him when he offered himself for nom
bershtp in Congress. In 1912. however,
he was elected by 1878 over his Re
publican opponent. the Progressive
candidate polling $500 votes, Thus he
constitutes n monument 70 the Bull
Moose, and that fact measures a'ou-
ratelv the Importance 20 be attached
70 his o~utgivtngs.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01
Ten Thousand Men Are Idle Need
lessly To-day in New York.

Ten thousand men who have been
earning their livlngs in this town by
honest labor are without work this
morning because in 1902 the leaders
of the Republican party believed it
would be 10 their political advantage
10 satisfy the demands of a few
trade union ~agitators. How many
dependents Of these men must go
hungry ON account of that long over
looked surrender of Judgment and
ever curtailed their number may be
ny the conditions of immigration.
they are Innocent sufferers whom the
community must succor.
by the dismissal Of these men the
construction of "a great public utility
is brought practically to a standstil.
The relief OF New York from the pres
ent inadequacy Of its transportation
facilities is postponed to a date that
cannot now he ever approximately
fixed. Millions Of dollars are tied UP
unproductive and Idle, and the i'm
provement of the outlying sections OF
the city, on which depends the in
crease in real estate values essential
to the support of the treasury, Is
indefinitely delayed.
These Consequences OF the coward
ice of thirteen years ago may be
remedled within the week II the Leg
islature and the Governor move with
courage and promptness. Will they
refuse to cut the cords that bind the
city to helplessness and impotencyf
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01

Tho new law compelling the prcsi-
dent to make public the anne OF
those who indOrse and recommend
nominees for the office OF United States
Judge is based or the amlahle assump-
ton that Presidents are generally IN
competent, ignorant and possibly cor-
rupt. The theory has 10 basis IN fact;
experience denies It, tho proposal IS
grossly insulting TO the Chief FXecu-
tive now In the White House and to
his predecessors and SUCCESSORS: and
these facts being recognized by intclll-
gent men. a tremendous popular dem
onStration in support OF the scheme
may be confidently expected,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01
Premier Viyiani's Confidence.

When Premier VIyIANI says that
Germany is ''mllitarlly stricken" he
has IN mind what he calls "her fnan-
cial and economic roUt.' A deadlock
IN the west ana brilliant victories
over the Russians in the east may
have n sequel in the spring favorable
rather than adverse to German arms,
proyided there are sufficient financial
srsourccs for a strong offensive cam
raign in both areas. That the Ger.
mans as u people are on the verge Of
starvation for want of imported sup
yiios is officially denied.
SIr Ring in the present tense Pre-
auior tnINNI may be thinking In the
sU.ure. Even tae Lsarzaan Govern.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01
The philosophers Of the Dortmund.r

Zeituro hold that the United States,
to - truly neutral. should cease ship
ping goods TO Germany's enemies. be
cause ITO prohibit the export OF ar
ticles which England needs 70 live on
and France 90 carry on the war would
be tho only thing N the world that
could really force England down upon
her knees" The conception OF neu-
underlying this notion appears
70 have obtained its most persistent
supporters stnoe August /, 1914
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-01
Two Unwritten Letters.
No dispatches transmitted from
the capital at Washington record the
subjoined correspondence:


"The Hon. WILLIAM ]. BRYAN,
Secretary Of state.
"Str! I have given "a the suggestions
and recommendations advanced BY you
In our conversation OF yesterday the
most careful consideration. | have stud
led them as they affect our duty 70 the
nation. our obligation TO the Democratic
party and our personal fortunes and re-
lations. They have impressed on me as
never before your devotion TO an ex-
allied and unselhsh ideal. your lofty
patriotism. your unfeigned disin,erest-
edness and public spirit and your nne
sense Of personal honor.
II shall accedc TO YOU proposals,
FIRST. that your resignation from the
once You rave so ably administered be
accepted by me.
Secondly, that the Hon ELIuu Roor,
whose term az a United States Senator
from the sat Of New York expires
on March 3, DO invited TO accept the
Office of Secretary Of state;
Thirdly. that. following the prece-
dent established in the case Of your pred
ecessor. Mr.. KNOX, the Congress be re-
quested 20 enact such legislation as may
be necessary to bring the course you ad-
vocate into conformity with the terms
of the Constitution;
"Fourthly, that the Senate be con-
vened in an extraordinary session on
Thursday. March 4, 20 act upon my NOM
nation o, Mr.. Roor FOR the Office you
are quitting.
Upon the receipt by me OF your for
NAL resignation. I shah depart from the
etiquette customary upon such occasions
to say. as well a- may be, to our fellow
citizens what my heart dictates and my
intellect confirms concerning FOUR Official
conduct. although I realize -hat this
plan. designed and carried through by
you. must give better measure OF your
nobility of character than could any
words Of mini
with affection and respect,
"WoopRow WILSON
'sTItp WHrrE HOrGr. February -