Norwich bulletin., 1915-08-27
German Occupation of Poland.


 The German sweep through Rus sian Poland which at first centered attention on the brilliancy of the mill itary movement, is now being viewed for the tremendous effects 1t has brought about, territorial economic and political in that locality. Polish quarters here have summed up some of these changes, drawing their data largely from the writings of R. Dmow- ski. for many years the Warsaw mem spokesman there for the Polish ele- ment. While a member of the Duma, Mir. Dnowski has been a severe critic of the Russian regime. so that his view of conditions has the apparent merit of being independent while at timateay familiar with the country which the Germans have now oveTrun Some of the more striking changes re- sulting from the German occupation are these:
 The three branches of Poland now German Poland. Austrian Poland and Russian Polaud-have population that gives Poland sixth place. in point or rank, among the powers of Europe. It comes next to Italy, and exceeds in numbers all the Balkan states put and Rumania; exceeds also all the Scandinavian and Dutch countries Cntted-Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Holland. and exceeds two of the next NarHer countries, Spain and Por- t0gal together, This does not refer to the area of rNSSnt military operations. but to the whole range of so-ealled Poland as it has been divided up te thls time among Russia. Germany and Austria,
 Some of the British observers eem- with that ee the Alies ia south Africa and the fNaetfe islands, But the lat- ter are HenteAl wastes recently taken NNeF Tor eelehtea(teh whereas Mr, pnaawSki elbows that Roland Ia enc et Sas nest deAsety inhabited sections Of &NferA averaging v persona 10 tAa square kileEaeteE CT Mere than the ehteklN populated dtSerieeA of France, te tS alae eNe ef the richest sections or kNaetA. with extensive banking. tad9atFlal and commercial erEaniaa- largely iA the hands ef the Fellsh iaC AaettaAts, Even Che peltey ef RNs- AiAAtathg the Fellah diStrietA, which has been carried ea for seRe SeArA has not changed the character et the Aattvs people. which remains strongly
 rae three parts es tAss extensive PoaaM region now brought eogetheF are$ PrNsSiAA Poland, including the four provinces ee Peeen. West Prua~ saaA hset FEueela ana VPpef SAeeaa4 Sseoo, 900 are PelesS Austrian Poland comprises GAlieia and Lower Stle2ta, with S400, ,o0o population Of which about half are Poles; Ruestan Poland. lnelud- ing the province of Poland with H.. what are known ae the annexed prov4 tnees of Kovno, Wilma, Gredno. Mlnsk. Mohitew and Nlethak, having d eonglomorAte population Of little and white Russians. Poles t1thuanians and great Polish eraneSe. Witch "s ar. tnrSs now trol. ''
 The regime which the Germans win set up in Rueeian Poland ls being awaited with the keeneat interest ey she Poiish element. as it win determine whether the policy win be to reconcile the Poles and bring the three branches together again, or to use this rich region for German colonization, gradu- ally Germanizing 1t and extinguishing has been the policy Of Russia, and the diff1culties 1t has had after years of effort indicates the dlfnculties ahead for the German regime, whichever course 1t adopts.
 Mir. Dmowskl sums up Poland,s DO. sition under Russia as that of mfl- fltary occupation with all the adminis- tration at Warsaw and elsewhere car ried an by Russian officials the schools and universities. conducted by Russian teachers and teaching the Russian language. the police entirely Russian, and the whole direction of affairs in Russian hands. And yet he adds after forty years of Russian effort, Poland still remains distinctly Polish, with the great business institutions, com merce and agriculture carried on by Poles.
 sTt ia axaetfv fov th,s r..sovr hs says. that Poland is in one of the strangest positions that can be irnag. ined; the state which possesses 1t does not know what to do with it: it has not found the means of transforning 1t into Russian country. and it does not wish to permit it to become d Polish cogntry."