davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-07-31
Every Child a Citizen.

How one community trains its chill
dren for the responsibilities of citizen
ship is described in a bulletin just issued
by the U. S. Bureau Of Education on
''Civic Education in Elementary Schools
as illustrated in Indianapolis.
1.-THE practice in the Indianapolis
schools says Arthur W. Dunn, author
of the bulletin, sis to help the pupil to
understand the nature of his own COM
munity life, his dependence upon it, and
his responsibility for it; to develop a
right attitude toward government as
the means by which all members of the
community may cooperate for the COM
mon interest; and to cultivate habits of
right action as member of the com
munity."
The bulletin emphasizes the fact that
''civics is not taught as a separate sub
ject until the eighth grade, but that
civic education is phase of all the
work of the school. The aim seems to
be to make of education, not a process
of growth, during which the various
relations of life are unfolded."
incidentally it is pointed out that
''there is no subject of ethics or
moral education in the indianapolis
schools, but the direct moral training
afforded by the course here outlined is
peculiarly virile. So, also, while there
is no attempt to give direct vocation
training in the strict sense of this term,
nor even any organized form of 'voca-
tional guidance, nevertheless the fact
is always taken into account that the
citizen must be worker and the work
er citizen
Instruction through the course of
study is, however, only part of the
training for citizenship given in these
schools. can understanding of COM
munity life and of government, de-
clares Mr.. Dunn, sis fruitless without
the cultivation of qualities and habits
+ of good citizenship. instruction and
training must go hand IN hand. The
latter is largely matter of practice. -
Pupil participation in school manage
ment is very real thing in Indianapolis
and in some schools it is carried to a
high degree of effectiveness. 1t mani
tests itself in the method of preparing
and conducting recitations; in the care
of school property; in protecting the
rights of younger children; in maintain
ing the sanitary conditions of the build
ing and grounds; in identifying school
grounds; in the making of repairs and
equipment for s'our school," in fact, in
every aspect of the school life.
In Indianapolis pupil participation in
the government OF she school leads nat
urally into pupil participation in the
larger civic life Of the community of
which the school itself is. part. Main
tanning order on fhe playground natur-
ally extends to maintaining order on the
streets In the vicinity Of the school. 1t
is common for committees of older bows
to look after the safety of younger
children In crossing streets near the
school. Soicitude for the cleanliness
and beauty Of school grounds develops
equal solicitude for the cleanliness and
beauty of adjoining streets. alleys and
vacant lots. School gardening quickly
stimulates home gardening, and whole
neighhOrhoods have besn transforms;
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-07-31
Make Your BOH a Partner.

What we have In mind right now,
Brother Farmer, is the opportunity for
making a business partner of that boy
of yours. Nearly every city business
man looks forward to having his son
succeed him in business. But how is it
in your business, Mr.. Farmer? Are
you giving your boy the treatment
suggested as punishment for the prodi-
gal son when it was proposed to treat
him merely ''as one of the hired ser
vants?"
It's none too early to begin making
him an actual partner in your farming
none too early to get him interested
not only in doing the manual work on
the farm but also in making plans that
call for business judgment and for
knowledge of good scientific farming
practice-rotations, drainage, cuitiva-
ton, fertilizers, scientific feeding and
breeding.
Anyhow, get your boy interested in
farm work this year. Study the text
book on agriculture with him; give him
an acre of corn or pig for his very
own; plan to have him make some ex-
hibit at your county fair this fall; give
him Saturday afternoons to join the To-
cal union with you and go with you to
the farmers Institutes, the colt shows,
corn shows and the state farmers con-
vention.
It's a good ambition to aim to leave
behind you the best farm in the county,
but it's better to aim TO leave a son
who will be the best farmer in the
county And if you are going to do
that, the thing to do is to begin now to
make real partner of him.-The Pro-
gressive Farmer.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-07-31
trough the influence of the schools.

through the influence of the schools.
= Whether the children who are now
undergoing this training for citizenship
will in reality be efficient citizens ten or
twenty years hence can not be foretoid,
according to Mr.. Dunn. But he adds:
''There is apparently ample evidence
that they are better citizens now; and,
moreover, that the present civic life Of
the city is appreciabIy affected by it.
Where immediate results are so appar-
ent and so far-reaching, the effect up
on future citizenship should certainly
be appreciate. :"
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-07-31
Common Ailments.

The pain from an ingrowing toe
nail can be relieved, says nurse, by
treating with a mixture composed of
one ounce chloride of zinc and one
drop each of muriatic and nitric acid;
mix them thoroughly and apply one
drop daily to the afflicted toe
The suffering caused by chilblains
is often relieved by painting them
with collodion, with equal parts of oil
of turpentine and ichthyol, applied
with a camel's-h BRUSH
When the feet are swollen and con.
gested from rheumatism or other
causes, try bandaging them Begin at
the toes, drawing as tight as may be
borne until the heel is passed. This
wiz usually relieve the eongested
condition.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-07-31
Cat Was Soldiers Pet.

The "Grenadiers' cat" was picked I'd
by man of No. 1 company in an en-
campment in Bulgaria, and embarked
with the regiment for the Crimea
The cat went through the campaign
in soldiers knapsack, occasionally
peeping out from its shelter, and sur
veying the novel aspect of a battle
with great contentment Like most
pets the cat did not come to a peace
full end 1t finally became an inmate
of the regimental hospital. that being
the only quiet and safe refuge to be
found for it, got worried, and died at
Balaklava- Such was the end Of ''BCl-
garian Bell" the only instance prob
ably Of a cat going into aetion.-Loa-
don Tit-Bits.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-07-31
Measles Fatal to Adults.

Even adult white men sueeumb to
measles when they are herded very
closely together and exposed to a
virulent infection. There have been
outbreaks in logging camps which
were terrible. The onset Of the germ
was strong enough to break down the
resistance of the ordinarily immune
individual. On the other hand, the
Chinese are said to be almost COM
pletely safe from scarlet fever, and
the fact that japanese take this dis
ease even more readily than do whites
is one of many proofs that there is
a strong admixture of Polynesian or
Malay blood In the people Of Nippon,
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-07-31
nHIpl HinI Hurrahls

Hip Hipi Huuahl" our modem
yell of delight. is said to have an
ancient origin. The word hip" is
supposed to be composed OF the mi
tiaI letters of the Latin phrase Hero
solyma est perdita,' meaning "Jerusa-
lem is destroyed" the q" IN hip" be
ing substituted for the &c in est
When the German knights we're per-
scouting Jews IN the middle ages they
are said to have run shouting Hip,
hip" as much as to say Jerusalem Is
destroyed. HUrrah Is said 70 be from
the sisvonsc "hu-ras," meaning to par
sdise- Hence. hip. hip. herren
Would mean Jerusalem IS lest, We are
e. tAe ras - raradiss.s
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-07-31
In Jars Of Pottery.

Water is made deliefously cool by
putting it at night into jars of coarse
pottery and placing these out doors
where the night air can reach them.
The pottery is SO porous that some
Of the water will oeze out during the
night, leaving the rest delightfully."-
cool. Glazed pottery cannot be used
for the purpose. Each jar must be
protected by a covering of fine wire,
mosquito netting or cheesecloth to
keep the contents clean and yet admit
the air.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-07-31
InmIrtahiIifu

In a field that passed there was
unearthed, not long ago, the great
country grange of a Roman settler,
with its refectory, its little clustered
court, its baths and chambers, and
storehouses. And it may all last on,
hardly changing, for another thousand
years, or longer stilI.-A. c. Benson
in the North American Review.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1915-07-31
Wanted InfnrmatIsn-

Little Margaret was bright and her
proud parents accorded her the priv.
ilege Of answering the phone when it
rang. Margaret answered the phone
one day and was asked by the party
at the other end Of the wire to call
her big brother VIII to the phone
Margaret knew that Will was sleep
ing upstairs and she did not wish to
disturb him needlessly, so she asked:
els it anything very particuableF'
Evening star., 1915-05-23

ST. Johns river. During every tourna-
ment mobilization, special local trains
are run from Jacksonville to the range
When the contestants arrive at the
camp, they will bring with them camp,
though they were off for a camping
quartermaster will have on hand food
supplies for the whole camp, which
will be sold at cost.
Once settled in camp and creature
comforts provided for: the contestants
next turn their attention to the mat
ter of preliminary practice. which opens
several days in advance of the real
match. 1t is the intention of the War
Department to permit the contestants
to shoot any way they prefer in this
preliminary practice. but once the real
match gets under way the rules De-
come very strict.
Both slow and rapid fire are made
compulsory by the regulations in the
match proper Slow fire will be at dis
tances of 300. 500 and 1000 yards. while
namely, 200 and 300 yards. In the rap
id-fire shooting ten shots must De
taken at each range. and fifteen Will be
allowed in the slow firing.
The arm to be used will be the United
States service rife, which will be IS
sued to the contestants along with
sufficient ammunition by the ordnance
department of the army. The trigger
Evening star., 1915-05-23

entific study of agriculture. and I have
made a number of sets for some of
them For the Maryland Agricultural
College / made set of fifteen or twen-
ty varieties of strawberries. Beautiful
specimens they were. I enjoyed shap-
ing the wax of the many species of the
fruit and forming the beautiful SER
rated leaves.
Il wish 1 might show you some OF
my best finished specimens. but at the
present they are either out on exhibit
or are packed away in boxes in the de-
partment. There was a particularly
fine branch Of apples I modelled not long
ago from life. The fruit was Of the
York Imperial variety and the spray
was fully five feet long and contained
twenty-six apples. 1t made a beautiful
display when completed. Then there
was a ninety pound watermelon which
made a good showing.
How did I model it?" Miss Newton
laughed. Another state secret. but
can tell you that 1 had to ponder long
and deeply. and l was compelled by
its size to make it in sections"
At this moment Miss Newton looked
anxiously across the room. Il think
that perhaps the fat specimen in the
corner Is ready for manipulation" she
said. and her caller took the gentle hint
and left.
Evening star., 1915-05-23
ANAT1ONAL MATcH In FULL BLAST

signal officer, an assistant to the adju-
tant and an assistant to the quarter
master.
The quartermaster will have charge
of all stores and supplies and will issue
them as needed. The statistical Of
ficers will assign the contestants to
targets and fix the order of firing. This
is usually done by choosing lots These
officers will verify the scores kept,
grade them in order of excellence and
prepare the results for official an
nouncement.
The range officers will supervise the
marking ana soaring. They will have
charge of the spoilers" who are as
signed to the target pits and whose
work is one of the interesting features
of the match. The scorers are placed
on the firing line, at the required dis
tance from the target.
AS soon as a shot is fired at a par
ticular target the "spotter" at that tar
get places a disk over the bullet hole
use of glasses, to the scorer at the fir
ing line. The regulation of the spot
ters," however. is not the only duty
of the range officers They must see
that the regulations are properly obey
ed, and examine at any time the rifles
used by contestants.
The range officers are also RESPONSE
BILE for the accuracy of the score cards,
and after certifying to their accuracy.
they turn over the cards to the statis-
ttcal officer and his assistants. Such Of
ficers are usually experienced marks
men, and must be thoroughly familiar
with their duties.
The surgeon, who is always on hand,
Evening star., 1915-05-23
THE FISHERMEN OF JAPAN

The annual value Of water products
Is in excess of $40, 1000, 600. Half a mil
lion boats are engaged in fishing. of
which 1s, 900 are more than thirty feet
long. Almost a million men are pro-
fessional fishermen, and 100000 more
give part of their time to fishing and
the rest to farming or other pursuits.
Only about 100000 men are. II appears.
SO employed in the United States.
4
A thousand species OF fsh have al
ready been identified in japanese wa
ters, and almost every one OF them is
edible. Ono of the commonest, most
wholesome and most sought after is
the shark, which the western people
have never learned to eat. but which
fishery expert of this government who
has visited Japan pronounces excellent.
Doghsh, the common member OF the
shark family along the north Atlantic
coast. would never be permitted to go
uncaught In japan. Even the octopus
is a table delicacy there.
Much fish is eaten raw by the Japa-
nese. a fact that is said to be much
more easily understood by Americans
after they have tried raw mackerel or
other fish dipped in the delicious sauces
the japanese employ in this relation.
The prominence OF Japanese fisheries
is due to the announcement of the gov
ernment Officials have been sent to
the United States as we'll as to Europe
to study the methods in vogue. and
there is at Toxic an imperial fisheries
institute, a school with which no other
in the world GAN compare.
Evening star., 1915-05-23

RAPAN is said to be the leading fish
III ing nation. not in the actual value
of its fish products, for in that re-
spects several other nations excel 1t.
but in the number of persons who make
their living by fishing. in the propor-
tion of fishers to the rest of the pop
ulation, in the relative Importance OF
fisheries in the domestic economy, In
the ingenuity and skill of the people
in devising fishing apparatus. In pre-
pairing fish and in the zeal shown by
the government in promoting the in
terests of the fishig population.
The islands comprising Japan stretch
diagonally from northeast to south
west, between two and three thousand
miles, giving great range Of climate.
and consequently of waters from al
most tropical to almost arctic. The
islands are for the most part long and
narrow and at no part is the interior
too far from the sea to allow of the
easy transportation of fresh fish With
in a few miles of the coast in many
places are deep parts of the sea In
which breed inexhaustible supplies of
deep sea fish, while the bank and top
feeding sorts swarm about the shores
in countless schools.
1t is estimated that one person in
twenty IN sAe entire empire is more or
less OF a fisherman. and fish appear in
some form on the table Of every Japa-
sese family daily, IL not at every meal.
Evening star., 1915-05-23

second prize will be $3.50. third 1925
and fourth 5000, with bronze medal
for all hands. Class C's winner will
medals. The second prize in this class
is 5000. third SITS and fourth $3.50.
All this looks as though the War De-
partment would permit the best sharp
shooters in each team to keep coming
back, year after year. and carttng of
the prizes, but the War Department
has provided for such contingency.
There is no best sharpshooter in the
army" They are all supposed to be
the best sharpshooters" and the De-
partment has provided that at least
six members of each team must be
men who have never participated in a
national match before. In this way the
contesting teams at future matches
will always contain a new element and
every one in the organization will
eventually get chance to qualify for
national honors.
Each team will consist of twelve con-
testants, three alternates, a captain.
scorer and "spotter," the latter assist
ing in the scoring.
The War Department will be repre-
sented at the match by an executive
officer. who will have absolute charge
of all arrangements and whose Judg-
mont on practically all matters Will be
6naI The executive officer VIII nave
several assistants, an adJutant, a quar-
termster. a statistical officer. range OF
ficers, a surgeon, an ordnance oincer'
Evening star., 1915-05-23

position, so delicately tinted and so set
of with twig and leaves that it could
readily pass for the actual fruit at a
casual glance. While the fat fruit
paintings are done in water color, the
models are tinted in oils
Every specimen of fruit reproduced
requires it's own mold. and Miss Newton
makes every mold herself. sometimes
hinging the parts together with delicate
mechanism of her own designing. Into
these molds wax is poured. which,
when hard. is tinted and placed in its
proper setting of leaves and stems.
1T was for the worlds fair that l un-
dertook my first exposition work.. said
Miss Newton. DIR. Galloway used my
models to demonstrate certain pathology
cal conditions in fruit There were ap-
Piles affected with scab. and there were
peaches and leaves from trees afflicted
with the yellows; other fruits showed
the prevalent rnaladies of that day. and
! made two lunches of wheat and rye
demonstrating rust on the grain.
"In 1896 came the Atlanta exposition.
and l was again called upon to prepare
some models for exhibit / was not at
that time on the regular department
staff. / was only carried upon the ex-
position roll l was using this means
Of earning money to extend my studies
in art. My work for Atlanta was very
interesting. Commercial tobacco was
one of my subjects. I was commissioned
to design a large plant from life. the
model sent down from Washington be-
ing a most expansive and fourishing
specimen"
Miss Newton smiled at her own rem
iniscences. Il remember that plants $
growth used to appal me. l would go
into the government building of morn
ing to find that new shoots had sprung
out here and there upon IL during
the night. I tell you ! had to work
quickly to keep up with my subjects 8
growth. 1 copied not only the plant
before me. but also used to go into the
Georgia tobacco fields to study the plant
as II grew in the open. for present and
future reference When ! had completes
my subject II stood four feet high and
had about the same circumference. 1t
made quite an imposing show standing
in its plat of earth and surrounded by
glass-incased specimens of soil for to-
bacco growing.
Another Interesting bit of my work
for the cotton states exposition was q
hill of corn. Three great stalks. quite
seven feet high. were made. and the
proper complement of leaves and ears
were designed and modelled and attac ched
This was planted in it's proper soil and
set on view IN high glass case made
10 hold II. | constructed this exhibit
also III the Opposition DuliOlnR, ana my
creation OF the artificial corn greatly amaZ-
ed and amused two old Georgia negroes.
who used To come daily and sit and watch
the progress of my work. every now and
then regalinS me with quaint comment.
IF you recall il. the year of the At
Iantd exposition saw very heavy frost.
which killed almost the entire crop of
orange trees of the south. Three beau
tiful specimens had. however, been saved
for the government, but they had
neither fruit nor flowers | was COM
missioned to supply the deficiency. so
that the trees might present the lesson
Evening star., 1915-05-23

of the blossoming and fruiting of the
orange.
Il modelled the orange blossoms and
the young and the ripe fruit for the
three trees. attaching all in proper man
ner. illustrative of the fact that the
orange tree bears blossoms. immature,
and ripe fruit at one and the same time.
The work was declared very effective
when done. and to make it as true to
nature as possible it was sprayed with
oil of orange and essence of orange to
supply the scent of the flowers and of
the fruit"
For the excellence OF her work at the
Atlanta exposition Miss Newton was
awarded a diploma. a silver medal and
letters of commendation. At the Paris
exposition her work was represented in
the United States Department of Agri-
cultures exhibit by a showing Of repre-
sentative American fruits. arranged with
their leaves and boughs as they grew
upon the trees
For the pan-Amerfcan exposition. held
in Buffalo in 1901. Miss Newton mod
eled display Of the fruits of the United
States. which formed part of the exhibit
of the Department Of Agriculture. She
received the exposition's diploma for her
services.
"A unique exhibit I made for the de-
partment was for the Omaha exposi-
tion, she continued. Il was commits
stoned to prepare with other dairy
products the model of ten-pound
American cheese. l had some trouble
In shaping that cheese. l remember"
laughed the sculptor Of practical prod
ucts. Tho model of ten pounds of but
ter which / packed in a tub. was easier,
and were ten pounds of condensed
milk. But l had to exercise some in
genuity in stimulating the butter fats to
be found in a gallon each of whey. of
skim milk and of cream. Prof. r. A.
Pearson. then assistant chief of the
dairy division of the Department of
Agriculture. who had charge of the ex-
hibit. is now president of the Agricul-
tural College Of Iowa
Il made for the department another
odd exhibit for another western exposi-
ton This was of 500 mushrooms grow
ing in groups exactly as in life. 1t be-
came rather tedious undertaking be-
fore 1t was completed. for each plant had
to be formed with absolute fidelity and
precision. But 1t was quite effective
when done. Another unusual subject
was a quantity of Lynnhaven bay ays-
ters
For the departments use and record
Evening star., 1915-05-23
Woman EMPLOYED Department Of Agriculture Makes Mode

packed in barrel tops to simulate the full
barrel. in boxes and baskets exactly as
they would be, in fact.
I'm its effort to instruct the fruit
growers throughout the country the
Department of Agriculture has sent
exhibits of fruit models showing the
fruit in health and in disease of how
to prepare for market, etc, all over
the United States An exhibit for which
1 made the models has gone as far
south as Buenos Aires and across seas
to Italy. and 1t has been gratifying to
me to find that only recently has there
been need of repair
For the permanent collection of the
department Miss Newton has made
more than 5000 models, the majority
of them now at the exposition at San
Francisco under the care of Prof. Scrib-
ner
Then all your model work has been
for the government"
NO" replied Miss Newton, mot quite
all. The department has granted me
permission occasionally to do some
special work for states and colleges.
The latter are beginning to desire prac-
tical models instead of plates for sci