davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01

in Hayti and Santo Domingo were
built by foreigners. were the occasion
of repeated defaults. and in 80 FAR as
they have passed under native n
troll have been practically wrecked
by abuse and lack of any expenditures
for maintenance
Until the Sullivan incident there
! had never been a suspicion anywhere
of the integrity and sincere disinter-
esteiness Of American efforts in Santo
Domingo. Until the famous Bryan
letter to Receiver-General Wei ask
ing him to find places under the Gov
eminent of Santo Domingo for de-
serving Democrats such appoint-
ments as had been made by the re-
quest OF the United States in Santo
Domingo had been made with the most
sscrupulous care and without regard
TO American political affiliations. There
were no scandals about contracts
under the Dominican Government and
every step taken vas directed by an
earnest desire to achieve the greatest
good for the Dominican Government
and people.
The Dominicans now have an honest
grievance against Washington through
Sullivan's activities i'm the interest OF
his political and business friends INT
W%ashington's action in keeping him at
his post after. these matters had been
brought to its attention. 1t will be
more difficult now than ever before to
keep the Dominicans convinced that
the United States is interested solely
in seeing that Sauto Domingo is made
! intn IN ,,v..,..t,,. n,al .,,,yn a,,
try I'm charge of a stable Government.
In IIayti the United StaSs has
never had even the limited control It
exercises in Santo Domingo. The ef-
forts of the last two years have been
directed toward obtaining from one
of the six successive Governments
which have held office in that period
either a treaty giving the United
States control over the customs and
the liquidation Of Iayri's debts or an
invitation to the United states to step
in and taxi charge. These efforts.
however, have so far merely served to
give the ambitious outs an issue on
which To start "A revoluNion-anti-
American!sm- and the United States
has failed in each case to take such
steps as would keep in control the
Government with which IL was irving
to negotiate.
Commissions have been sent 70
Hayti. Gov. Fort. head Of one COM
mio'ion. thought at = o'clock one af-
ternuon that he had succeeded and
that in order to save itself from bank
ruptcy and downfall the Government
would yield Two hours later Re dis
ovSre that the French. German and
Italian Governments had recognized
the revolutionary Government and
That on the basis OF this recognition,
French II German merchants-who
by Just such practices have won ahso-
lutte domination of the commercial
situation in Hayti-had made a loan
10 the Government. Gov. Fort and
his colleagues were Informed that they
might as well go back to the United
States. American aid is unwelcome
To the ms and violently opposed by
the outs because both know ii would
put an end To the present system and
its graft for those who manipulate II.
All officials Of the United States
Government for years past have
agreed that the policy in Santo Do
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01

we have no proper interior lines or
communication. With the exception
OF the defective railroads the s~o-called
roads are the very same paths OF
colonial times. In worse condition than
then from the action of traffic and
weather, without any effort being
made up to this time to make those
paths highways that by furnishing
transportation for products may en-
courage agriculture and constitute
true arteries of industry and progress.
20. We have ~lamentably disregarded
public instruction; i~lliteracy In the
republic amounts to Us per cent. While
our country Is essentially agricultural,
not a single Dominican is a real
scientific farmer. Almost surrounded
by water and situated In the centre of
the American continent and ~ An
tillean Archipelago. circumstances
that seemingly destined us for mari
time trade, we have not. nevertheless.
any real sailors. and when We need
them for the management of our war
ships we have to recruit them from
abroad. we have no mechanics. and
when w are looking for simple en-
lil'ti " Oui i'" N'diI'i WV -
compelled to also send abroad f,r
them.
I'VE have no architects of any kind.
We have no civil engineers; and in
a country, among "A people who have
always led a warlike life. where a
military administration uf government
obtains. and where majors. colonels
and generals p%rofusely abound. there
Is not "A single officer with qualiica-
: tions required Of an officer of medium
ability in any orsanized country: and,
what Is worse still, in spite Of hav-
/ ing no good artisans of any kind.
there Is not in all the republic a sin
gle school of arts and trades.
1T Is necessary to suspend such a
sorry enumeration in order to con
clude with the unanswerable asser-
ton. less consoling still: The DO
minican Republic in tho course Of It's
independent life has expended all IL
revenues and $50. OOO. 900, CONSTITUTING
it's present debt. almost exclusively in
wars. Imprisonment and slaughter"
The concluding statement OF Senior
roynado is the most significant and
furnishes the key to the whole sit
uation in Santo Domingo. and to
the vel more aggravated situation in
Hayti. Hardly a dollar Of the public
, money has gone into such improve
m,nts as roads, schools. harbors and
the development of the national indus
tries and resources. In the old days
the Government Of Santo DOMINO,
on cCoun Of sraft never got more
than half Of the customs collected.
The American convention insures the
Governments getting all the money
due II, but there the improve
ment stops. The Government Is
still practically free to waste its
funds In salaries Of useless officials
in brides to ambitious leaders to keer
the peace and in maintaining as non
descript armies men who ought to he
at work in the trades or In the fields
and in the purchase of gunboats, gun
and ammunition.
There are no roads in Hayti out.
side the towns. In Santo Domingo
there is only one road. built with
funds set aside by agreement with
the United States for public works
and constructed under the supervision
Of Americans. Such railroads as are
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01

up to him. he was simply slaughtered.
To bid two no trumps after a suit is de-
clared against 1t shows at least one sure
and probably two shoppers IN the de-
clared suit, and a good player knows
better thar to lead UP to such a COM
bination while there Is any han to
get his partner In to lead through 1t.
on Us return to no trumps. a started
with the club king. to show his reentry
and have a look. b followed the
rule and dropped his second best, the
Jack. This made 1t easy for A to put B
In with a small club. get a fnesse in
spades. put u In again with another club
and get another spade fnesse. making all
the rest of the clubs and setting the no
trumper for 200.
At one table 4 bid two clubs over
the no trumper with the idea Of bid
ding the spades later. and this drove n
to bidding his long diamond suit. y
supported the clubs when A passed the
diamonds. and Y went three diamonds.
which held.
Y got his contract by trumping the
first club lead, ~exhausting the trumps
and making four hearts. so that 1t cost
\ just 252 points to declare his clubs.
as u scored - and IS, instead VI being
set for zoo.
In this hand We !Avc an Illustration
% Nc danger of returning to no runp
after q suit is declared against II. when
the no trumper Is not protected against
any other opening. But II sometimes
happens that the suit Is declared before
the no trumper and with the full knowl-
edge that the suit Is against the de-
clarer. Such. a no trunp declaration
usually shows absolute protection In the
suit first named and acts as a warning
y, the player who has bid that suit that
1t Is against him
Here We have the Same situation as
that shown In the lea. just given, but
reversed. and the following hand, also
from a duplicate match. 10 an excellent
Illustration of those cases which require
sound judgment to handle, and In which
the beginner should he guided only by
rule. and should note these principles:
|. When the original bid Is no trump
and the second play r calls A suit, the
no truinper Is warned Of its danger.
.. When the original bid is a suit and
the fourth player goes no trump, the
holder of the suit is warned.
Now take this hand and observe how
these principles work out.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01
e.,
Il. }y'::..:.,
Ill.,.

Clubs are trumps and z Is in the lead.
and z want all seven tricks against
any defence.
The solution is for z to lead the
0maller Of his two trumps. which Y wins
with the queen. Y then leads a dia-
mond through Il. and z wins whatever
card d plays. z picks up the trumps
In the hands OF A and y. Y discardine
q small spide. and then forces A to
discard.
az Is now left with two winning dia-
asonds. one OF which he leads. and a
u discard a heart or he will make
al Us spades good for tricks. as Y can
get into the lead at any time with the
queen OF hearts. discards another
spade on the diamond lead.
Another winning diamond from rs
hand and A still keeps two spades. 30
that Y discards a third time from that
suit, getting into the lead with the
queen Of hearts or the next trick and
making the top spade, after having dis
earded all his mail spades.
There are no variations to the play
in this problem. unless A let's 81 a
spade. when It might look a little more
ornamental for z 20 lead the heart and
let Y win the rest OF the tricks.
Here Is a neat little exercise in end
play which illustrates a maxim that
every beginner should be familiar With.
Tho position was arranged by a cor
respondent In Bristol. Conn.
BRIDGE PROBLEM NO. 35s.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01
};|s..
;i.$;"'''' =. Ill.,
;;:!.

z dealt and bid a diamond. having
two sure tricks in that suit. A bid
two clubs. and Y. knowing that his
partner must have king queen Jack OF
diamonds to Justify his bid. went two
no trumps. r bid two hearts.
Now the situation IL precisely the
same as II Y had dealt and bid no
trumps, and Il should have followed the
beginners rule and passed. He cannot
lead his partners suit. but his partners
showing that suit and Y overcalling II
marks the hopelessness OF the heart
contract.
y followed the conventional rule and
doubled the two hearts. instead OF in
creasing the no trump contract. a mis-
take that many PLAYERS make. II his
partner wants 10 60 on with the no
trumper he can do without increasing
the contract,
4 dare not risk three clubs to take
his partner out NJ the double as Y was
marked with the shoppers In clubs, but
Y. still trusting his partner for that
king queen Jack Of diamonds. went two
no ump
What has r accomplished ny bidding
hearts, He has not only wasted his
breath, hut he has informed Y that
dummy has "A perfectly safe finesse In
hearts, as that suit Is with r. When
r led n small heart dummy played the
queen and led three rounds of diamonds.
Then he came through 4 with a club,
and the ace won AS queen. r discarding
a spade,
A this stage Y made what was GER
tainly y well planned attack. He was
In the lead with two established dia-
monds, and r had two discards. In
stead OF banking his ace OF spades p
kept " OF that suit and discarded
= heart, although he nusf havs known
that Y had the spade king from his
bid. This allowed Y TO lead the heart.
make the ace and come back with 1t.
so that h lost his queen OF spades on
the last trick, and Y just went game.
II r blanks his spade ace Y leads the
spade. as he still has the clubs stopped
in case the spade ace Is with A.. This
will give Y two spade tricks instead OF
one only.
The solution to the little conundrum
| printed last week. In which the dealers
hand In given as all spades aud hearts
and the opponents are bidding diamonds,
holding the entire suit and one partner
having the ace and king Of clubs with
the ace Of diamonds, the final bid vas
a grand slam in spades. and the question
was to say who made the best bid.
The answer is that the best bid made
on that hand was by the player who
said 81 pass when the grand slam
was bid, although he held two aces and
the lead, II was TO trap him into a
double tina the dealer bid the grand
slam. dropping his invincible heart suit
TO support his partners spades, as II he
were afraid Of the hearts. ~ we'll a. the
dia monds.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01
Continued from First Page.

-
a share in the division of the spoils.
Fol the United States has no real
control over the Dominican Govern
ment's share of the public funds after
they have been turned over to the
Dominican authorities. Most Of the
money still goes to the military lead
ers and certain civilians. There are
practically no arts, trades Or profess
sions In Santo Domingo. with the re-
suit that most of those VI superior
ability or education are either actually
living on the Government, ar else on
the warpath leading a revolution
against it.
A United States cruiser is now at
Santo Domingo city watching the de-
v%elopment Of a threatened revolution
growing out Of the latest American
made compromise Governments, while
the Government itself is exhausting
all it's meager funds to protect itsel.
against its enemies.
All doubts as to conditions in Santo
Domingo should be dissolved by the
statement given below. II was writ
ten by Francisco ]. Peynado. for
merly Dominican Minister to the
United States. and one VI the few
thoroughly competent and sincerely
patriotic men OF his country. In a
pamphlet entitled Political Study and
Plan Of Reforms for the Dominican
Republic published recently. re made
the following summary:
The results ,of freedom) at the
end of more than half a century Of
az Aparap liza .a,,tI ,. ~ -r
disastrous.
Although all political groups that
have succeeded in rising into power
have persisted in lamentably disre-
garding all the civilizing purposes of
government I'm order to confine them
selves solely to maintaining peace at
all hazards civil wars have reached
the terrible proportion of two a year
at least n have consumed many
lives, much energy and all the eco-
nomic resources Of the nation.
For the rest here is the negative
inventory OF our accomplishments as
a nation:
II. We dorA know our own house.
Entire regions in the interior OF the
island remain yet unknown and re-
Gently our Government has had to
consent to American investigation in
order TO determine exactly the posi-
ton of Saona Island. as the uncertain
position given in the maps up t. the
present time offered great dangers IA
navigation.
~. We don't know ourselves. tp
to this date no ensus has been taken
In the republic and only on unfounded
conjecture does speak of the mum.
her of the population.
%. We don't know the national re.
sources. No scientific study has been
made by order OF the Government as
to the nature OF our lands or OF their
adaptability, and up to this time nc
survey OF u national properties has
been made.
=. We ave no good harbors. Those
or the principal cities on the coast
Santo Domingo. Macoris and Puerto
Plata. are in worse condition than in
colonial days through the incessan,
action OF the sand of the rivers empty.
ing into them withou, up to this time
any effective work being done for
their Improvement.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01
DEAD" MAN WALKS TO COURT.
Identification May Re only Trick
Of the "Ucnthen Chincc."

CHICAGO. July 3l-As the Jury oas
completed 10 try Harry Eng Houe.
charged with the murder Of Nick Chung
IT, a chinese gambling house IN 1915.
an Oriental walked into Judge B%4-se'' 6
room In the Criminal Court Binding
and announced that We VAS Mock
Chung. His announcement caused a
sensation.
The attorney for the defendant .0lt
the court that the man who was killed
was Jung Long and a marriage License
also would he introduced in evidence
TO prove that the supposed murdered
man Is among the livirs.
According to Assistant states Aror.
ncy John O'Bricn the state hores n
prove that Mock Chung vas really inur.
dered and that the man who appeared
in court possesses the same ramc As
the dead man.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01
2Ssss.
2sosS'"
VaJse V1oa.
4-..-- IA Rl4o B ,
XHio4e
CAKFl3
A1o9<
S..... .
"A .

z dealt and bid a spade. A two'dia-
nonds. y passed, as he had no fear
Of As going game in diamonds. but i
went no trumps, understanding his part
ner's bid to he an invitation to do so II
he could stop the spades. z passed.
having heard nothing from Y.
The writer held AS cards al one
table and went three diamonds, as he
knew the person on his right was too
good a player to make the lead that
" was probably counting on. Through
ar unfortunate play on rs part A made
four odd In diamonds.
y led the spade and u won the ten
with the Jack. Instead of going on and
frying Ia run his partner on the third
round. which would rave forced an
honor from \ and left him with only
two odd. u tried 10 get another lead
through the spade king by putting Y
in with q club. This enabled A to trump
small, draw all four of VS. trumps and
make two heart tricks by leading that
suit twice.
Al the tables at which r was lett
with the no trumper ne had no trouble
IN making his contract. eight tricks, II
Il led the spades. but at some tables
Il led the king Of hearts, Just as A led
the king OF clubs in the first and given.
TO show his reentry and get "A look.
The student will observe that the situa-
tion IL precisely the same As II the
original bid had heen no trump. over
called by two spades, and returned 10
two no trump.
Upon seeing the hearts in the dummy
4 dropped that suit and took a chance
that his partner could get hnto the lead
with a club aud come through the spade.
The consequence was that Y got IN
twice and came through the spades
twice. so that Il made three spades and
two hearts. while Y made two clubs, set
ting the no trumper for 100 points.
Here Is the same situation in another
form, the 10 ,rumper not being the orig
insl declaration. but the suit call being
on Its left.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01
CUT OFT PROBLEMS.

CUT OFT PROBLEMS.
This ingenious little puzzle by W. O..
Berry had only one defect. which was
that II might be necessary to turn some
OF the pieces % side up in order to
get a solution with the r. west number
of pieces. The proposition was TO take
an equilateral triangle and cut 1t into
the smallest number Of pieces that could
he rearranged SO as to form an isosceles
triangle whos> height should be equal
to one Of the tides OF the equilateral.
The composers solution shows only
Ave pieces are required In order to bring
about the desired transformation. The
process OF dividing the triangle beirg
here shown
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01
R R AT SODA F0UNT.
Place Selected ny Policeman Ap-
pealed To for Help.

ATLANTA. Ga. July 3l-rnahls TO
find A preacher W. o stew trt OF Gririi
and Miss Rena May Sml'h Of Atlanta
appealed to chief George Mathleson OF
the county police department.
He secured Judge A A owens Vhoss
office is directly across the street from
the court house. and the ceremony wts
performed without delay at 4 S'aa
tourt. while a large crowd OF passe"Soy
and neWshoys looked on.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01

mingo. and more particularly in iIayti
was leading to no permanent improve.
mem OF the situation. Repeated m.
portunities have arisen for action
which would end the intolerable con.
ditions in the two republic, especially
in Hayti. Yet no decisive action ha,
been taken and the fiction Of treating
both as sovereign States has been con.
tinued.
The decision is again up to Pres.
dent Wilson, with the State Depar,.
ment strongly urging that this TINA
there be vigorous action.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01

sAfter whites seventh move in the
trunk play, 23-l3, an expert would
concede the game as lost for black.
a. he would see that II could he won
BY a variation Of the second position.
but the fun play is given In order that
h beginner may see how the win is
secured.
At "A" there Is a little trap into
which a number Of solvers fell. II
whitS plays Lib. instead Of the move
Stvei, Ill. the continuation given by
thoG{ who selected this move was IS--?2
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01

Now the play is the same as the
trunk play at IS
Although too far way to get In
solutions In time for membership cards
In THE Sun Checker Club. some OF the
checker players In Melbourne, Australia.
take n keen interest in the problems
published In THE SuN. and the checker
editor Of the Melbourne weekly Times
sends the following interesting position
for the readers OF TIL L to work
OUT. The position occasioned a good deal
Of discussion at the recent Australian
championship nesting.
PROBLEM NO. 33s. CHECKERS.
BY Robert Stewart.
niark
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01
PROBLEMS FOR "SUN"
I READERS TO SOLVE
Lesson in Shutting Out the
Opponents Strong Cards
at Bridge.
STRATEGY OF CHECKERS

Bridge problem No. 336 was an illus
tration Of the manner in which a good
player will manage to shut out shoppers
through strength c.sk.- sarclng discards
and will make his trumps separately.
In this position the adversaries have
every suit stopped unless II is led from
the weak hand to the strong. Here Is
the distribution
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01
CHECKER BINDINGS.

Checker problem No. 33s, by H.. D.
Lyman. was arranged as a sort Of
testing exercise, which would not be too
much for the hot weather but at the
same time would keep the members Of
THE Sun Checker club well up to their
Vprk.
The composer points cut tn; many
Stherwise good checker players are not
BULLY up to the mark In handling what
Is Known as the seco,d position. The
solution of this problem has therefore
peen extended further than would be
necessary TO satisfy an expert, in order
to show the student and the beginner
how this second position works out in
actual play when the position is not
exactly as given In the text books, but
Me principle to be applied is the same.
Any player can win a game when the
exact position he has studied in the
books is brought about in the ending.
such as three kings against two; but
II requires some skill to apply the
tactics Of a position when the exact
position is not there.
The distribution OF the pieces is
Black men on 6. IL, IA and 81 king
on Q. White men on 10. 90, 20 and 80
Nn on II. White to play and win.
Anre are the moves thai solve
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01

As tn height Of the isosceles is the
longest side of the piece No. 3. and that
side VAS one OF the sides OF the origipal
equilateral triangle, Be. the condi-
tons Of the problem are fulfilled. but
one side Of the new form. consisting OF
the pieces numbered 5 and ., is upside
down.
Solvers will be given another week in
which to find a solution that requires a
sin smaller number If pieces, and
which shall be free from the defect OF
turning any of the pieces upside down.
This will he given next week. with the
M e Of those who got various num-
bers OF pieces in their solutions.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01

Clubs are. t.umps and Il Is in the
lead. Y and z want six tricks against
any defence.
The distribution OF the cards Is as
follows:
Y has the ace, five. four, three OF
hearts ten Of clubs ace and three u
epAdes no diamonds.
"A has the king. jack. ten OF hearts (.
seven OF trumps ten. nine Of dia monds (:
and deuce OF spades.
b has the nine Of trumps seven OF
diamonds queen, ten. eight. seven. SIX
Ct spades no hearts.
z has the deuce of hearts five OF
trumps three and deuce OF diamonds {;
kings Jack, nine OF spades.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-01

White.

White to play n win.
The distribution of the pieces is
Black men on 10. 10 and 10: KIM on
II. White men on II. %. 90 and 30 .
king on 81.