The Hawaiian gazette., 1915-08-03

ed to have Abeon to deal first with
France, in the early weeks of the wal
before the Russian army, slower "a
mohlfize, was able to present a serious
menace; and then to turn on Russia
The fierce resistance of Belgium and
the unexpected quick mobilization OF
both the French and Russian armies
prevented the full fruition of this plan
Nevertheless Germany has been able to
hold her own on both the eastern and
western fronts.
On the West Front ., IN ,,..
In France and Belgium Germany is
battling, with Great Britain, France
aud Belgium. In August Germany in
vadcd Belgium and France, pushing
southwark almost to the gates Of Paris
Following the battle of the Marine, per.
haps the most important contest Of the
war thus far, the Germans were com
PEELED to retreat and have since held
an entrenehed line from the Belgian
coast TO Alsacc, retaining possession OF
northwestern France and most of Bel
GUM, In this theater the war has been
|, o even that the capture of q group OF
houses or few yards of trenches has
been considered victory, worthy OF
mention in the official reports. The
8crmsn attempt to break through tc
the English CHANNEL the British vic
tory at Neuve Chapelle, the German
triumph at Sessions, while calling forth
supreme efforts, did not materially
change the relative positions of the an,
tagonists along the front Of nearly 800
mics. .l~ an
Struggle in the East ~ ""I ,
i On the eastern front Russia faces
| Germany! and Austria! Hungary. Rus
sian armies invaded Galicia and Buko-
wilma, capturing most of the former
| province, but lost the greater part of
this territory as a result Of Field Mar.
| shall Won Mackensen's great drive from
Cracow. The Germans invaded Rus
sian Poland, and their attempts 70 cap
ture Warsaw led to some Of the dead
! lest fighting of the war. In time the
struggle here settled down to trencl
warfare, much as in the west, with
/ Germany retaining q large part of Rus
sian Poland Russian inyasions Of East
Prussia resulted in disastrous defeats
Further north, the Germans swept into
the Baltic provinces of Russia, captur
ing Libau, on the sea. The unprece
| denied extension Of battle lines which
| this war has witnessed reached its most
| remarkable exemplifcation in this cam
paign, in which the front has beer
| drawn out more than 600 miles, fron
| the Baltic to Bukowina.
Italy Invades Austria
Italy, after ten months of uncertain
ty, began war with Austria Hungary
in May, and has occupied fringe OF
Austrian territory in the mountainOu,
| region to the north. Trent and Triesi
are the detectives of the Italian cam
Taign. Owing to the difficult nature OF
! the ground neither of the antagonist
= has made much Roadway.
On the Gallipoli peninsula, in the
DardanelICs and in the BOsphOrus, Tur
key, aided by her TeutOnic allies, Is al
war with France, Great Britain and
Russia, with possession of Constantine
fplo as The great stake. Following thu
failure of the naval assault on the Oar
daneles by an Anglo. French feet
Troops were landed on the peninsula
Few details of this campaign are avail
liable, and little is known beyond the
| fact that the fighting has been particu
,,laHy severe, and that the Allies have
occupied and retained the tip of the
peninsula. E r 81
Balkan Nations Involved
I Serbia and Montenegro, the former
assisted by British troops, are at wal
twith r Austria. Hungary. The Austrian
in asion of Serbia ended in failure. Or
the Montcnegrin front there has beer
Only desultory fighting. Both Serbia
and Montenegro have recently invaded
Albania with the object of obtaining
4 ports on the sea.
I con At.atic soil Russia is at war with
Turkey in the Black Sea region. Meth
Yer side has employed largo numbers OF
troops in this campaign. There hai
been fighting in the Caucasus and Per
+ STA, with no great accomplishments
Further south, in MesopOtamia, Their,
has been sporadic fighting between
! IN kisb and British troops. Turkey
sent an army to attack the Suez Canal
hut the main body Of troops failed Il
,reach it, objective.
Africa And Asia
III NlI' Tlth'u anu bTltlbn ITOODl
occupied Togoland and part of the Ka
merun, German possessions. A British
/ attack ON German East Africa was de
featcd.
The insuIar possessions of Germany
in lthe Pacific were captured by Grea
"rtaiu and Japan.
Using tau, the German fortress il
sCh ma. was captured by the Japanese
aided by British contingent,