davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1915-07-25
CORN EAR WORM.

II il certainly exasperating to grow
fine big ears Of corn and to find. on
husking them, that disgusting
worm is feeding on and running the
crop that has been the gardeners
pride and the result of his labor.
The damage is caused by the worm
Of a yellow moth more or less varie-
gated with black markings, measur-
ing about an inch and a half across its
expanded forewings. The ear worm
itself varies in color. running through
shades OF pink. purple and green.
There Is no remedy that can be ap-
piled other than cultural methods,
The ground where corn is to he plant ed
.hould be ploughed or spaded late n
the autumn and eft in the rough
state. DO not grow corn on .Ne same
piece Of ground twc seasons in sue
csssion. When the weather will per-
init. plant corn several days earlier
than usual and take chances on the
weather that may follow
This is the same worm that is 30
generally feared and known in the
south as the boliworm, where it feeds
upon the cotton bolls.
Some gardeners watch the silk,
which. when prematurely dry or par
tally eaten. shows the presence of the
larve. which is readily found and
crushed.
The sun., 1915-07-25

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,.,.
Durihg the burning hea' VI 'u'! anu
august 'he Piah's mus I've p'o'eI''u u u
rom the no, sun s"" sN,ns "s '"",n II
autumn 'ne p'a"'s are 'o,'oN'u '"
the mouse VI S'eeh'ouse' ""V'' '"''
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"t'er rhe plants nave NV '.'
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shauS p'a'c unt.t we , 'o''"H' ''H ,"
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The sun., 1915-07-25
SUMMER PRUNING PEAR TREES

After testing the cutting back Sc
verely Of the new growth # pear trees
at Green's fruit farm and after
learning that this cutting back of the
past seasons gr- with in July and
August tends To throw the trees into
frutng quickly and to the develop
ment of fruit buds without delay,
have commenced experiments in my
garden with dwarf pear trees of small
size set out two years ago, also with
peach trees.
Early in July, with n pair Of shears
with blades a foot long used for prun-
ing hedges, ] went over each little
dwarf pear tree and each newly
planted peach tree, clipping the new
growth closely when the branches
were fun Of foliage. This severe sum
mer pruning ] expect will not only
bring the trees into early fruiting,
but will cause the trees to be low
headed and somewhat densely headed
To-day J examined the little dwarf
The sun., 1915-07-25

plant. Seeds sown now will produce
plants that will flower next summer
Sow in seed pans filled with good pot
ting soil and cover the seeds lightly
Prick Off the seedlings when large
enough and pot in small pots. The
seedlings must be given southern ex-
rosure and only a moderate tempera
ture during winter. keeping the pants
strong and stocky.
Mignonette may be sown In five or
six inch pots during August for win
ter Towering. Use light rich soil
Sow the seeds in small groups. thin
ming the seedlings to three to 1--WE
plants In each pot. Cover the pots
with glass to keep in the moisture
until the seedlings appear Then
plunge the pots in the garden, not
permitting the soil to dry out. Be
fore the weather becomes cold remove
the plants to the house or conserva-
tory and give full daylight Cut the
flowers az soon as they begin to de-
cline and the plants will flower a
second time.
The sun., 1915-07-25

Any or all of these materials can I've
fed to growing chicks econ. mically and
successfully. Now ;hat wheat is so OK
ponsive, due TO the European demand
barley may he substituted In its place
but the efficiency OF the ration win be
slightly changed by such change.
When planning the ingred! !ents In the
ration IL must be remarked that variety
Is doSi. able, A ration containing yari-
"ty is much more palatable, and there
fore the birds are induced to eat a great
er amount Of II. Anything which will
induce a greater consumption of food is
an asset in the ration,
II Is desirable to avoid the use f too
much fat Large quantities Of fat form
ing materials are not necessary during
the summer Further more, the use II
too fa,ty foods tends to restrict the con-
sumption of protein and ash. these two
being very essential IN the formation of
bone and hesh, which Is the object de-
sired FATTY foods are very desirable
IN finishing on broilers and roastcrs fol
market. Considerable quantities of such
material should he fed two or three
weeks hcNlre killing. with these few
general remarks the following ration is
recommended,
The most essential and economical,
method Of feeding growing birds IL by
using dry mash, supplemented by
| cracked grain. The dry mash should
he fed out Of doors, in large feeding
| hoppers which are made watcrpro, E
II is possible 10 feed part OF the
cracked grain in hoppers. hut It Is gen.
orally preferred to feed the grain broad
cast about the range The practice of
hand feeding insurcs a certain amount
The sun., 1915-07-25
NEW YORK EXPERIMENT STA
TON NOTES.

Lime-sulphur Is injurious to pota-
toes The New York Agricultural Ex-
pertinent Station finds that lime
sulphur dwarfs the plants and re-
duces the yield. Bordeaux MIXTURE
should be used on potatoes where a
spray OF this kind Is required
New or Noteworth Fruits H." by
|. J.. Hedrick. horticulturist, contains
autographs In natural colors of the
Muscat Hamburg grape, Niagara
peach, the Lambert cherry and MARI
don raspberry. The Niagara is one
of the Crawford group. said to be a
| seeding Of the Crawford. II ripens a
little later than the Early Crawford
and Is somewhat larger than that old
faNurite is borne more abundantly and
holds Its size better To the end of the
season. Judging from the pate, II is
certainly a beautiful fruit, yellow with
handsome red overcolor. The flesh
Is yellow, thick and firm. with nice
sweet havor and 1t is "A freestone.
Foreign grapes have been success
fully grown out Of doors at the station
| 10y grating them onto roots resistant
to phylloAera, sprayed for fuagi and
given some protection in winter. The
| Muscat Hamburg Is the hest of the
foreign grapes for this section of the
country. Many of the clusters uf
fruit have attained the weight of on
and a half tn two pounds. The flavor
is delicious and the fruit keeps lpuu
and retains it's form, size and col,
In the autumn the vines are ber,
The sun., 1915-07-25
SUGGESTIONS FOR FALL PLANTING
--SOA1E ANIMALS FOR POT CULTURE

produced in clusters Of from six to
a dozen.
DO not plant strawberries on land
that has been recently lined. Straw
berries thrive in soil that is slightly
acid In preparing strawberry beds
1t is a rood plan to turn under lot
Of old rec leaves from the compost
lile.
or the older varieties Of strawber-
ries. all worthy Of a place In the home
garden. the fruiting season 10 about
In the order given
Early Ozark. good sized berries :,
Morning Star. fine sweet flavor; Sue
cess
Heritage has a very long season
ana can be classed from early to late.
The fruit IL of good sweet flavor.
William Belt is also long season
berry of superb quality.
There are "A number of good mid
season fruiting varietieI, including
barrymore. "a good. large berry; Bran
dywine. an old favorite; Golden Gate,
u fancy variety. Seventy mine select
ed berries will fll a quart box. Me-
NlHlty, eVOu Sh'N'
Coin. heavy yielder; United States
King Edward also heavy yielder.
In what may he termed the midsea-
son to late class are: Chesapeake. a
good berry; Fendall. also excellent.
These are followed by Candy. IA large
late fruiter and one OF the best stand
ard varieties and Stevens's Late
Champion. a good late variety. Pearl
is the last OF all to ripen. good.
large, Arm variety. These are fol-
lowed by the autumn fruiting varie-
ties. Autumn, Productive, Progressive
and Superb. The buds should be cut
from the autumn varieties as fast
as they appear until late in July
This reserves the strength of the plant
until the autumn crop. Treated in
this way the plants will produce an
abundance of berries during Septem-
ber and October.
/ Geranium leaves sometimes are sub
| ject to blight. Burn all diseased leaves
and work a little lime and sulphur into
the soil and dust over the foliage.
The sun., 1915-07-25
CYCLAMEN.

Cyclamen PerLscum can be started
from seeds started in August or Sep
tembcr In well drained pans. Good
pottlng soil with liberal supply Of
sand to insure drainage and an open
porous soil should be used. Sow the
seed on the surface and cover Lightly
with sand and to a depth of about a
quarter Of an inch. but not more.
The soil must he kept moist and the
seedlings must have full sunlight from
the start. Pot up as soon as the seed
lings can be handled and keep grow
ing without check until they bloom.
The sun., 1915-07-25

pear trees and found many fruit
spurs developed upon the trees that
would not have developed had | not
cut back the new growth 50 severely
early In the season. | am confident
these young trees ~ll he forced into
bearing pears the next season.
The cutting back OF the new growth
Of standard pear trees has long been
practised by David Bell who has made
pear growing exceedingly proflta BILE
on his farm In the suburbs OF Roches-
ter. n. Y. would not. however, have
believed that this summer pruning
would be so effective and such an aid
to productivenees OF pear trees as
have found 1t by actual experience
Charles 4. Green.
Freesias are a beautiful and delicate
scented flower, easily grown To per-
fectiun. The roots are so fragile that
the plants will not stand rep ,tting
the buros. which are quite ineNpensive,
should be potted three In a five .r"h
pot. The soil should be com posed
largely of decayed vegetable matter.
such as rotted turfs or leaf mould and
loan. Set the pots In sheltered
position outdoors and cover the tops
OF the pots with sphagnum moss until
the foliage begins to grow. Bulbs
planted now will flower lnt" in the
autumn. 4 succession OF Loom may
he had by potting up a fres', 1T of
bulbs every two weeks until the nrst
Il October or November.
Bocconia cordata or b. japonica. as
II is sometimes called is really a hardy
poppy. producing plumelke flowers.
The plants are about six or seven
feet high, with handsome foliage and
buff colored flowers. This is good
plant for massing. for single speci-
mems among shrubbery or as pot
The sun., 1915-07-25

IN tho soil or To he able To- wait unit
moisture comes. Some of our com
mon weeds, such az purslane and
thistles, produce great amount OF
dry matter with a small water con-
sumption.
\ good stmulant for pot plants can
he made from pulverized chicken man
ure. of a quantity equal to table
spoonful To a gallon of water. Sup
plying stmulants to pot plants can
easily he overdone. Plants that are
growing well will take more than
plants that are Just starting into
growth. Plants that are resting re-
quire no st!muant and viii he in
1ured by H.
Sow perennial varieties of iobelia
for next seasons plants for the bor-
der. The seed bed should he In a
shaded position and the soil moist aud
retentive.
The sun., 1915-07-25

Spring. summer. autumn. winte-.
How rapidly they rotate' No one
realizes this more than the gardener.
1t seems as though one were hardly
through with spring planting. but II
is time now. while looking over and
enjoying the garden. to determine
what additional perennial, plants will
be wanted and where they are II
be located next spring.
1t Is advsa ble to plant perennials
In the autumn, so the plants will bc
ready To start growth at the first
signs OF spring. Iris and peonies IN
particular should he planted in the
autumn so that growth may not h.
disturbed when the plants start. Make
plans leisurely now. and have the
order ready for the florist or nursery
man as soon as fail planting time
arrives.
Pot grown strawberry plants
planted us late as october will fruit
next season. 1t is better to set the
plants in August. as early planting
develops larger and more vigorous
plants and will produce a greater crop
vi IL uil ht ~ ytuls ctpN'iii'ti P.uht-
Ing Is better than October.
Early Jersey Giant is one OF the
first to rpen. The berries are large
and of scarlet crimson and the plant
Is "A strong grower and heavy yielder.
Edmund Wilson fruits i'm mdscason.
following the Early Jersey Giant. The
plants are very vigorous, one of the
largest strawberry plants under cult!-
vation. The berries are .arRe. the color
deep maroon, the surface is smooth
and the flesh firm. The flavor is rich
and sweet. a berry strongly recon-
mended.
John II. Cook ripcns about the sarre
time as Edmund Wilson. The berries
are almost round, of good flavor and
Arm and of blood red color. This
variety is offered for sale this season
for the first time.
Late Jersey Giant is late berry.
The fruit IL of immense size, heart
shaped with broad blunt apex. The
flavor is mild. rich. sweet, having the
favor and aroma OF the wild berry.
The berries are usually held from The
earth on strong fruit stalks and are
The sun., 1915-07-25

plant Seeds sown now Will germnate
quickly.
The foliage of variegated AsplG.s-
tras will turn green II the plants are
overpotted, that is, planted in too
large pots,
Nitrate of soda. one ounce 10 the
gallon of water, will make the flowers
and vegetables fairly jump. also the
lawn. Use this one week and the next
week use the same quantity of sui
phaie OF ammonia and note results
Basic Stag can he applied ~ .ny
time TO growing crops, Spread or
drill 1t in and rake ii under. BE sure
to have IL covered for best results
one pound is sufficient for 'ortv
square feet. Basic Stag contains phos-
phoric acid. lime, magnesia. iron and
manganese. 1t Is good for berries.
flowers and vegetables, trees, hedges,
&c. For mixing with soil for potting
plants II .s also valuable. and con,2.n-
ing considerable lime, il tends to keep
the soil sweet Two teaspoonfuls are
pot
a planting OF dwarf beans made now
VIII produce late crop. A final plant
ing may also be made of beets bore
cole, sweet corn, endive, lettuce and
peas. Turnips may be planted from
time to time until September.
All the perennial campanulas sown
IN the open ground during July
or early in August and protected
in Il cold frame over winter will flower
freely early the following season
Give campanlIlas good, light soil and
do not stint the supply of water.
lf addlti nal CalCeolaria plants are
wanted to those coming on from seeds
planted in June, SOW again. The seed
lings picked off from the seed beds
started in June will show "A marked
difference IN the strength of the
plants. Yellow will hc the color of the
flowers of the most vigorous. The
weak plants shot ii lie carefully
nursed, AK these viii provide the most
desirable Colors.
linGs are to he planted require care
ful preparation, covering the bottom
with IA little clean sphagnum moss
that has been carefully picked over,
taking out all heavy stems and for
eign substances that may he found
in IT, After the moss is i'm place ill
the pots with rich porous compost.
Handle the seedlings carefully and
! place them in IA shaded part OF the
greenhouse or frame. where they
should have free access of air, in "A
manner sheltered from direct winds
or draughts.
Aphis troufle calceolorias and to-
bacco smoke at evening Is the treat =
ment, syringing the plants the next
morning with water and providing
shade.
The sun., 1915-07-25

of nersonal attention tn the youngstsrs
which ~ necessary for the hest results
In handling th. provint. stock u Is
desirable tn hay. a cout.uuous uniform
growth fr1m the tine the birds are put
ON rang. IN the sprlny untu they are
taken of IN. rauEc in the fan \ rhe *
IN this DEVELOPMENT du. To improper en-
ylroun.nt or tn mpr,p,r feeding may
rei,rd TN. ultimate DEVELOPMENT many
weeks. which results iu small BIRDS ana
in Il loss of vitality /. o.. profitable ana
IMPORTANT To mature the pullct AT the
The sun., 1915-07-25

According To tests made by the
United States Department of Agricul-
ture at Akron, Col, the average
amount of water required to produce
a pound of dry matter in different
plants was as follows; Millet, $40
pounds; sorghum, 322 pounds; corn,
36S pounds, wheat, 513 pounds bar
ley, 53i pounds huckwheat, b7S
pounds; oats, 59I pounds, rye, 6S5
pounds; flax, 905 pounds, SOY beans,
744 pounds; sweet clover. 40 pounds
vctches, 79i pounds: clovers, 797
pounds, and alfalfa, S3l pounds.
The indication is that drouth re-
sistance is not so much matter of
requiring small amount OF water
as ability to SEND out roots after water
The sun., 1915-07-25

Geraniums are easily raised fc'm
seed and seedlings produce many IN
ieresting and novel shades in flower
and leaf markings. as geranium
seedlings vary greatly from the parent
The sun., 1915-07-25

Carnations may he sown In seed
pans now for Towering plants for
next season. Cover the seed very
lightly and place the pans in a cold
frame, The seedlings should be trans
planted as soon as they are large
enough to handle, keeping them in a
cool shaded frame. When six or
eight leaves have formed they can
be planted out.
The sun., 1915-07-25

Communications for the
Farm and Garden Depart
ment, to receive proper at
tention, should be addressed
to The Editor, Farm and
Garden Department. The
Sun, New York. Advcrtis-
ing rates under classification
of the Farm and Garden De-
partment of The Sun sup
piled on application.
The sun., 1915-07-25

In England asters are lifted from
the open ground during August and
potted for house decoration. The eli
mate here is so much warmer and
drer than that Of England that asters
cannot be used in pts for house
decoration with SO little trouble.
Still 1t is worth trying. Plunge the
pots In the beds where the plants
were growing as soon as they are
potted. Keep the soil moist and lat
the plants start towering in this loca-
tion. Turn the pots frequently to pre-
vent the roots from working through
the hole in the bottom of the pot and
becoming established. AS soon as the
plants begin to flower the pots can
he taken into the house. where the
soil must not be permitted to dry out.
The sun., 1915-07-25

Geranium leaves sometimes are SUBJ
ject TO blight. Burn all diseased leaves
and work little lime and sulphur into
the soil and dust over the foliage.
The sun., 1915-07-25
ANIMALS FOR POT CULTURE

Among the beautiful easy grown
ANIMALS suitable for pots, either in the
greenhouse or for porch or window
adornment. the following are espe-
cially suitable: Alyssum, antirrhinum.
alonsoa, arctotis, dimorphoteca. double
clarkia. chrysanthemum. northern
star, nemesia, Nycternia selasinoides.
schizanthus. wIsetonensis. Thunbergia
alata and Scabiosa atropurpurea
double dwarf. All OF these are easily
grown from seeds. come into bloom
early. and keep in bloom for a long
time. When well managed they are
as attractive and satisfactory as many
OF the flowers that are popular in
greenhouses. II these plants are
started during summer or early au-
tumn they will do service in the win
dow during early winter. when fow-
ers are especially scarce. II started
later they will bloom in the house dur
ing the late winter and spring months.
Sow the seeds in a pot or box and
transplant to pots. shifting to larger
pots as they grow.-Georgc W. Park.
The sun., 1915-07-25

Nitrate of soda. one ounce 10 the
gallon Of water, will make the flowers
and vegetables fairly jump. also the
lawn. Use this one week and the next
week use the same quantlty of sui
phate of ammonia and note results.
The sun., 1915-07-25

l.ime-sulphur Ia injurious to pota-
toes. The New York Agricultural Ex
pertinent Station finds that lime
sulphur dwarfs the plants and re-
duces the yield. Bordeaux MIXTURE
should he used on potatoes where a
spray OF this kind Is required.
Evening star., 1915-06-15
The Chicago Car Strike.

The Chicago car lines are tied up
by a strike that involves 1900 EN-
ployes and affects several million
people in their daily activities The
leaders of each side declare that the
fight is to be waged to finish This
is always the first announcement Of
those responsible for station of
this character. Nobody, however,
represents the public in these mat
ters, and it is the public after all
that pays the bill. The people who
ordinarily patronize the cars and
thereby give employment to the
thousands of workers must walk
when the strike is called, and are In
danger of injury or death when riots
occur, as they usually do occur in
consequence of the efforts of the
companies to run their cars. All the
municipality does in such cases as a
rule is to furnish perfunctory sort
of guard for the protection of the
properties of the transportation COM
panies.
Chicago's car strike will probably
develop along the usual lines. with
several days, and, perhaps, several
weeks of public inconvenience and
danger of disorder, followed by set
tlement. These strikes are a re-
proach to our civilization. They rep
resent failure of government. With
all the machinery for the settlement
of differences between individuals at
forded by the courts the disputes be-
tween labor and capital, which vital
ly affect the daily welfare of the peo-
pie, are permitted to develop into
veritable wars that cost enormous
sums of money and are often de-
structive of life. If Chicago permits
this strike to continue as have other
tie-ups in big cities resulting from
differences over wages and hours of
employment it will stand self-con-
fessed of a grievous failure in the
functions of government
Evening star., 1915-06-15

music and basket 1uncheons and ora
tory. The fireworks were purely an
incidental feature. Most thoroughly
enjoyed on such occasions were the
contests for both children and adults,
and everybody had good time Last
Saturday afternoon the Mount Pleas
ant people, after weeks of effort,
demonstrated the possibility of real
community picnic, utilizing for this
purpose one of the most attractive
tracts of land in the District, which
might we'll serve for other gather
ings Of this character.
AS Commissioner Brownlow said,
the development of a community
spirit is slow growth, but there are
materials here for creating 1t, and
it is to be hoped that the various
citizens associations will follow the
example set by that of Mount Pleas
ant and engage in outdoor, assem-
blages so that at least once a year
the people of each section of the
capital will have an opportunity to
become acquainted at time of fes-
tivity and general enjoyment.
Evening star., 1915-06-15
Flag Day and Preparedness.

Standing out conspicuously In
practically all the addresses delivered
yesterday in different parts OF
the country in celebration of Flag day
was the note of warning that the
United States is inadequately pre-
pared for the possibility of foreign
war. There is no jingoism in this
sort of talk 1t is the purest patrio-
tism to arouse the country to sense
of its responsibilities and necessities.
If this country is to be secure against
attack by a strong power, if it is to
be assured of successful defense in
the emergency which as the European
war plainly shows may arise at any
time and with little warning, it must
begin Immediately to make ready by
providing for a larger navy and by
creating the skeleton foundation and
the materials for volunteer army
capable of effective work in the ma
tional defense. Unless the flag that
was honored yesterday by cere-
monies throughout the country is to
symbolic a helpless people, exposed
to devastation by a foreign enemy,
the duty of providing the bulwarks
against invasion must be assumed
without further delay.