South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-11-04

squares structures for the fighting
much like the stone keep.
Nor Gid the Norman feet lack for
picturesqtencss The sides OF their
warships were painted il bands of
blue. yellow. red and brown; and the
sails We're striped with the same
bright colors.
with the Plantagerts the vessels Of
war became more bCsincss-like and
were under so tons. while now many
were OF so tons. Each carried 30 sea-
men and an equal number OF cross
bOwmen and other soldiers. In the
castles fore and aft were fighters
armed with spears long enough to
spit a man on the deck OF ship
alongside"
Sings and javelins We're also used,
with axes and bills 20 cut the enemys
rigging at close quarters. on meeting
q hostile ship. a war vessel ran along
side under the fire of crossbOWmen
and voNeys Of heavy stones. darts and
incendiarv prOjectiles and then Crap
pied and boarded her.
The oar propelled gallery disap-
peared about this time. In Edward
Ills regfn naval architecture had
nrogreseed TO the cog" a vessel Of
200 tons and more. She carried from
100 10 $50 seamen, soldiers and ar
cheers. From the castles at stem
and stern and on the mast amidshlp
tie archers fred their arrows ana
bolts at the enemy until the moment
arrived to run alongside and board
he.
Hurl Stone PrOjectiles.
great new departure must also
be noted. From the castles crude
cannon OF hoped iron bars hurleu
stone projectiles. The weapon Whlch
had so astonished the French at
Grossly had been adapted TO the sea.
Rv the end of the fourteenth cen
fury the cog" had been relegated TO
the scrap heap for the great ship.
OF 500 tons burden, carrying ZSO
sailors. archers ana spearmen.
The bulls were decorated with
heraldic carvings and some had pur-
pie sails. embroidered in gold and
emblazoned with bright colors."
The method Of fighting still remain
ed the same The long bow and the
cross bow were the principal arms of
attack and then primitive cannon
were used more for their demoralz-
ing effect on the enemy then for their
distructiveness.
With the coming of the fifteenth
century the growth of the warship be-
came more rapid. Vessels OF q thou
sand tons with two Inasts were not
uncommon Heavy cannon of cast
iron were mouted on the fore and aft
castles. which had now become per-
manent structures wrought strongly
into the framework Of the hull.
We also hear for the first time OF
hand cannon" the muskets and pis-
tolls Of later'days. The little primitive
muskets popped side by side with the
twang Of the bows A little later
light cannon were fired through loop
holes i'm the bulwarks.
Under the TudOrs, warships took
great leap forward. We come to the
Great Harry. the celebrated vessel of
King Henry VII. which costs $4,000.
This and the Great Michael were each
24O feet long and SO feet broad. They
could fire abroadsde of eight large
guns each, in addition to smaller ord
nance.
Equipped With Cannon.
Followed the Harry Grace a Dieu.
great two-decked vessel, with SO
cannOns ne largest 60 Founders; be-
sides curious batteries of short, wide
mouthed cannon, mounted fore and
aft and pointing inward The latter
were to blast the enemy when the
deck had become a battlefield.
The Harry Grace Dieu was 1900