The Detroit times., 1915-10-22
viii Stand Heavier
Water Pressure Than
Germany's
ENGINES GAVE
ALL THE TROUBLE
TeutOn's PrOpelling
Power Admittedly
is Superior

4 States. naval experts familiar villa
X This type Of craft are confident that
the underwater boats OF no other
nation are built on stronger lines.
In fact. naval officers say that none
'sof the great world powers requires
the construction OF submarines 10
resist anything like the great wa.
ter pressure that Is required 81
American submarines.
Submarines built for the Ameri-
< can navy must have hull strength
suficient to resist the pressure OF
\ tho ocean at q depth OF 800 feet.
5 Before these delicate craft are &C
B ceptsd they must have withstood
! pressure ct depth around 30
4 foet, which IL deemed sufficient.
!. Int must be strong enough to go
II n0eh lower. British and German
Submarines are not required to
GEsnd pressure At 800 feet. the re-
\ ouiroment usually running around
10 feet. German submarines. as
= ru1e. arr. tested at depth around
40 feet. and those of the British
1avy sometimes at . greater depth.
From the outset OF submarine
ooneexuction the American under
4 Wafer craft have been built on stout
I nnee The original a" boats are
0til1 doing good service daily in the
Philippines, as are some Of the
Gthor earlier submarines. The first
!. nubmarines built for the navy are
&peeated on the surface by gaso-
Eno engines. which have been re-
n1acoo n newer boats by Diesel en-
k1ne0 burning heavy fuel oil.
Tie Arst periscopes were far from
Safl1eactory and are being rapidly
poUonced By the more efiicient peri
6pUs which have been evolved
noos the introduction OF subma-
nnu - Z naval factor.
AmD3ber defect OF our early sub
ngi0os-which was common 10 I'M
tNutor boats Of all navies in the
1no1ng--was faulty ballast tanks.
noeo8 the water-ballast tank on a |
\ &marine % q vital part OF the ship
~ naval experts lost no time In i'm |
ov1ng this feature. All OF our sub
n11ues now have improved tanks.
a. m submarine defects those az
lDUt11g the propelling engines have
Oea most numerous and bother
800, The development Of this type
~ engine has been very gradual. |
Vntfl very recently. however. engine
I tconble has been OF common occur
Sence IN submarines. end the work |
II construction has been delayed |
B lore BY engine defects probably |
than from all other defects com
Uned.
FOR example, while the contracts |
x ~ submarines usually call for de. |
livery within two years, il has been |
& updefstood at all times that the YES |
gcle could not be completed and de- |
I 1vered In that time, and the reason
G1ven always has been the engines.
" ID n believed. however. that tie sub
IS urine engines have been so far
(. rorSected that from now on delivery
n q the boats may be confidently ex-
h Docted within the contract period
s Naval experts concede that Ger
ety may have q superior subma-
ne engine
q Germany was the birthplace OF
ne Diesel engine" said one expert.
Ne n 0n1y reasonable to believe that
81 ~ Germans have succeeded In de
ve1opfnK the various types Of this
10 engine to a higher degree of perfec.
n }tou than the United States or any
ot4er naval power When II Is real
<D~pd that our first heavy oil subma-
1ope engine was brought to this
nntry IN the head Of one man
1n1 not from Germsny--it is not
y 1D hun Z to understand that the
11wbacks to its rapid development,
~0to coosidernble. In recent years
li1cne engines have been greatly inn
Deuye6 and are now very promis-
E< ID&nmuch 40 the same individuals
81 oo1Bn - many of the submarines
Dtxucted for the British navy as
- he United States navy. naval
~ 0C1S osS Yutac NVttoih tiai
- hull has nothing on Uncle
- - the way OF underwater craft,
Dc1nlly IN view Of the fact that
Unioed States always requires
49, han strength than Great
- IN this connection naval
DoH Doant 10 the fact that the
- pubmarines appear 20 be
- ~ exceiisnt account of them
~ 81 tAe opesNtions Al the Oar.
-. haviae sank large num-
- Turkish troorships after on
~ ~ 0ea oe Msrmora upder
r1G(lA mine fields.
Geoply resr~ttinG the loss
~ Nth NJ crew Of twenty.
m ooyul o6scers take pride
- (het that WAS tho only
~ "a A American sub.
~ similsr accidents