Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-11-07
ELECTRIC LIGHT POST AND STREET SCENE.

L
stock for the last census year were
100000; the value of animals slaugh-
tered was $450,000, and then there re-
manned on the farms of the county a.
e 1875 cattle, valued at S93S, 3S6; horses
to the number of 1870, valued at S2,-
033.366; mules to the number of 1853;
swine, 31.773, and sheep, 1851. There
are about 100000 head of poultry of all
kinds in the county, and the average
annual receipts from the sale of poul-
try and eggs are something over $3.50,
600.
There are a number of soil types in
Frederick county, and there are two
main soil types in the Frederick VAL
ley at the eastern base of the Catoctin
range. Prof. William Bullock Clark of
the Maryland geological survey has
written in one of the general reports
of that survey that the shales and sand
stones of the Triassic. or Newark,
series give rise to what is called the
Penn series of soils The Newark
brownstone gives rise to a red sandy
loan soil and subsoil known as the
Penn sandy loan Sandstone frag-
mentS are common in both soil and
subsoil. The subsoil approaches clay
loan in many cases.
The Maryland geological survey re-
ports that this soil type is easily titled,
but that the crop yields are rather
small. What is called the Penn loan
consists of a dark red loan surface
soil underlain by a heavier red clay
loan subsoil, and this soil is esteemed
as almost equal in fertility to the
much-better-known limestone soils of
the Frederick valley. On the Penn soils
wheat, corn and grass are the principal
crops
Limestone soils cover the southern
part of the Frederick valley. These
soils, says the Maryland geological sur
Ney, are derived from the weathering
of the Shenandoah limestones. These
soils occur in the Hagerstown valley
drained by Antietam creek, as well as
in the southern part of Frederick val
ley. The survey says of this type of
soil: 1T frequently produces thirty
bushels of wheat, sixty bushels of corn
and two tons of hay to the acre. 1t is
also adapted to apple orcharding and
serves as a basis for extensive dairy
operations The land Is high priced.
but not expensive. The majority of
farms on this type of land are i'm
proved with good houses and barns and
little land can be purchased in this
area for less than $50 per acre" Since
that report was made by the Maryland
survey there has been a considerable
increase in the value of agricultural
lands.
One of the important sections of
Frederick county is the Middletown
valley. Much of the soil there is what
geologists know as 'Porter's loam.'
The famous mountain peaches of Mary
land are grown on the Porter's black
loan of the mountain coves and the
valleys of the region. The soil is a
sandy and stony loan having a rich
dark brown Or black color due to large
amounts of organic matter. 1t is fertile
but is difficult of cultivation for ordi
nary crops on account of it's stony
character and the steep slopes Of much
of the land.
The greater acreage of lands in the
Middletown valley floor are formed of
loans and clays derived from, the
weathering of volcanic rocks and are
well adapted to the growth of wheat,
corn, oats and grass and constitute
good soils for apple culture.
The limestone character of much of
Frederick county not only adds to the
native fertility of the soil, but serves
the county with the important industry
of producing lime, and also with quar-
ries out of which limestone is taken for
other uses than being calcined. The
lime and limestone industry in the
Frederick valley is conferred around
the following five points: Woodsboro,
Walkersville, Frederick, Buckeystown
and Lime Kiln, the last two on the Bal
timore and Ohio railroad and the first
two on the Northern Central railroad,
branch of the Pennsylvania system.
north of Frederick City. The lime and
limestone industry of Frederick is
served by both roads.
Frederick county ranks first, and has
so ranked for many years. among all
the Maryland counties in the produc-
ton of lime, the average annual value
of the product being in the neighbor-
hood of 100000, while the value of the
limestone sold for other purposes than
limemaking amounts to about $4,000.
Statistics show that the products re-
sulting from the quarrying OF lime
stone have in some years exceeded
value of 100000.
At the time of the publication of the
latest report of the Maryland geologi-
cal survey on this subject the impor-
tant lime producers in the county and
the location of their quarries We're: S.
w. Barrick & Son. Woodsboro; Peter
Brookey, Frederick; David Cramer,
Walkersville: John ID. Crum. Walkers
vile; David A. Devilbiss, Walkersvtlle:
Jacob Eichelberger. Woodsboro: J. w.
Stimmel, Frederick; Fountain Rock
Lime Company, Mountain Rock: Fred
erick Lime and Stone Company, Fred
erick: NJ. ]. Grove Lime Company. Lime
Kiln and Frederick; A. M. Isanogle, Ca