The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1915-08-27

ruins. and the public may nov visit
these ancient villages and gain a good
idea OF the dwellings In which the
native inhabitants lived.
In a report published by the bu-
roau of American cthnology Dr.
Fowkcs describes In detail the archi-
lecture OF Spruce Tree House. and
points out prominent features of this
village. II has a distinct likeness to
a gigantic hotel built In "A cave with
a croscont-shapcd roof, the foor Of
the cave being about so feet above
the bottom of the canyon and the
roof 40 feet high. Its total length IL
ZIG feet, and It's greatest width 50
feet. In places the rooms were orig
innlly three stories In height. the
nnal story nj present having no roof
except the top OF the cave. but most
Of the rooms now To be seen are on
the first floor. although IN some places
a second story is still standing. There
have been traced IA separate rooms
ia this great structure. besides eight
suhtcrrancau ceremonial chambers.
known as kivas. II has been deter
mined that ut least "a OF the rooms
were used for storage and other pur-
poses, In the floors Of some OF which
human skeletons have been found.
The remaining 100 rooms were used
as dwelling places. and u has been
estimated that tho building had a
population OF about $50 natives. II
seems from the character Of the
rooms That no prcmoditatcd plan was
followed in the construction Of his
village, a few rooms were first built
and additions made AS the population
Increased. The arch of the early
form found among The ruins of Cen
tral America was unknown To those
early builders. Their doorways are
OF rectangular form slightly narrower
az the top and capped with lintol. al
though some of thorn have Is T-fOrm
and are placed well up on the walls,
being reached by ladders. Cooking
was evidently practiccd on h roofs
or In the corners. judging from the
amount of SCOT on the walls, but there
was little prctcnsion among the dwell
crs for light. air OF sanitation.
Cliff Palace. the second OF these
important ruins. Is nearly three times
the size OF Spruce Tree House. and
has ovcr goo rooms. ~ wa repaired
In 1903 and now presents "a very re-
spectacle appearance to the visitor
Like Spruce Tree House, II sets within
"a cave, the roof Of which arches about
40 feet above II, and h located IN
GIN canyon. the floor of which is
several hundred feet above the level
Of the canyon. II b. approached by
means Of steps cut in the rock, and
ladders. The buildings almost COW-
plctcly nll the 3UO-toDt frontage OF
the cave which Be- as "a rule level, al
though at onc end there be- 20 series Of
terraces rising one above the other.
cxtcndine from the loose crumhltng
rncks In front OF the elm back 90 the
solid wall itself. Deep under tho de-
bris which covered the lower entrance
Of ClIN Paluc, the %oNcayators found
the ancient entrance To the building
which leads hy "a gradual slope tu
the center of the village. rhis path
wav extends parallel with the high
front waIl OF a. centrally located ttNn
and PASSES tu "a large rock, in which
foo, a. were cur, after which 70 en-
tors ne lower lcycl of the village
through "A narrow court with high
walls by means of B movable ladder
resting ON the main floor of the cave.
fn the western end 0f this cllff ruin
tncrc is a ceremonial chamber known
ns KiVa V, leading To- which is "a SUBJ
terranean passage. This h. one Of the
2s rooms in which ceremonies are
supposed to have been performed hy
the uucicuts. Evidently there were
several clans IN each section OF these
great dwellings ana the buildings are
arranged in groups or sections around
piazns or central courts. These won
derful archaeological ruins present to
the visitor unusual opportunities 10
SIZE the early type of dwellings, and
oncr 60 the student opportunity to
study early life, construction In
buildings and secular ceremonies of
the ancient cliff dwellers.
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