davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05

vision of botany, and was placed In
charge of all correspondence and work
relating to medicinal plants, and. I'M
der the direction of the botanist, she
undertook the first experiments in
drug plant cultivation in the testing
gardens of the Department of Agri-
culture.
Being well qualified to talk on tho
subject, Miss Henkel was asked what
she thought of pharmacy a profess
sion for women. Women ought to
succeed at it, she declared, III they
are not afraid of long hours. The work
itself ought to appeal to women. 1t is
pleasant, and they are wen fitted for
it, being deft and usually very accu-
rate when trained.
Another point in its favor, which
might recommend it to women who are
forced to earn their living and yet de-
sire to do something professional, is
the short period of preparatory train
ing which it requires. A course in
pharmacy usually covers three years
one year less than the average col
lege course-and as the field is not yet
orercrowded with women, position
should not be long in forthcoming
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05

pounds at time of this or Of that drug,
exchanging them for groceries or other
necessities The country merchant thus
eventually accumulates considerable
quantity, which he in turn disposes of to
drug dealers As a rule, only larger guam
titles are acceptable to drug dealers. In
the case of goldenseal and ginseng. two
OF our highest priced native drugs. smaller
quantities are acceptable
Miss Henkers work has had wide
spread influence through the bulletins she
has written on the subjects which she has
investi gated These bulletins, nine in num-
Der, have been among the most popular
bulletins issued by the Department of
Agriculture In fact, they are SO much
in demand that many reprints have been
made of each, and they have been classed
among the best sellers of the office of
the superintendent of documents.
The bulletins are as follows: Farmers
Bulletin No. 1sS, Weeds Used in Med-
cine: Bulletin No 81, part 6. Golden
seal; Bulletin No. SO, wild Medicinal
Plants of the United States" Bulletin
No. 90, part 3. Peppermint: Bulletin
No. 107, american Root Drugs Bulletin
No. 1879, American Medicinal Banks ::
Circular No 6, Cultivation and
Handling of GoldenseaI' trevisioa of fBul-
letin No. 81. part 81: Bulletin No a219.
american Medicinal Leaves and Herbs -
and Bulletin No. &c, American Flowers,
Fruits and Seeds
One of the most popular bulletins
deals with weeds that are used in medi-
cine. Miss Henkel's pamphlets have
been used as reference books by many
of the leading pharmaceutical colleges
and dealers in crude drugs, and have
been widely quoted not only in the
pharmaceutical press of this country,
but also abroad. Many dealers have or
dered these bulletins in large quantities
for the purpose of distributing them to
collectors.
One example Of the far-reaching in
huel<ce of her work, which holds special
qualification for Miss Henkel, came to
her recently in letter from small
mining town of Pennsylvania. She was
told by the writer, a young man who
had become cripple in a mine explo-
sion, that after reading her bulletins
he decided to follow the business of
collecting medicinal plants to sell to
drug firms, and find out If he could be-
come self-supporting. He said that he
had been successful and was able to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05

Chile have their amba Ssadors in Wash
inSton. No European government has
given them the same diplomatic rec
ognition that is accorded by the United
States
The fact of their having ambassa-
doris has enabled the three South Amer
lean countries to cooperate in pam
American affairs and to act with the
United States in a way that would not
have been possible under the old ar
rangement. This country, therefore,
has been one of the mediums of ce-
menting the A. B. c. alliance.
The attitude of other South American
countries toward the A. B. c. League is
not one of confiding trust They rec
ognize the strength OF the three coun-
tries in question, but they do not care
to have the tripartite influence para
mount in South America. Suggestions
even are heard of a counter alliance.
Other South American countries have
territorial disputes and controversies
with some of the A. B. C. powers. They
are not so sure that the partition of
their own territory may not in time
come to be considered by the alliance.
1t also must be said that they can find
ample justification for their distrust in
titt uiSloi VI oOutIl [aUleflCl loF Tic
last fifty years. They know that prop
ositions for their dimsem berment
have been made in the chancslleries of
some of the A. B. c. powers. This is not
an immediate apprehension, but in
their view it is possibility.
A questioning attitude on the part of
other South American countries is not
a bad thing means of checking any
tendencies on the part of the alliance
to assume too much responsibility for
itself. The other South American gov
ernments are philosophical.
They consider the A. 3. c. alliance
'hecho consummado," an accomplished
fact against which it would be futile
for them to protest. They also point
out some similarity between the A. b. c.
alliance and the triple alliance that ex-
listed between Germany, Austria and
Italy. By this they mean that the
alliance is not of entirely harmonious
elements, but actually holds some in
harmonious elements in solution. The
subtle suggestion Is that Italy and
Austria were not natural allies. and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05

gln1a, captured KaSkaSkia and raised
the American flag over the log fort by
the town itself
The Mississippi river in one of these
changes of its course for which it was
remarkable ate away the site of the
historic town, and Kaskaskia was en-
quilted. Its site is now in midchannel
of the great river.
Among the relics removed from the
old town was the bell of the Church
of the Immaculate Conception, which
had rung out the news of the victory
of the American forces, and which has
come to be called the liberty bell Of
the Mississippi valley.
On being removed to what came to
be the town of New Kaskaskia it was
swung in the steeple of the new church
of the Immaculate Conception. Some
time about 1870 it was cracked by
Ing another point in similarity be-
tween it and the Liberty Bell. Be
cause of the injury to the bell it was
taken down from the steeple for fear
that 1t might fall, or that parts of it
might fall away. and since that time
1t has been kept in, the vestibule of
the church.
There is no dispute as to how the
Kaskaskia bell was cracked. It is
known that the sexton pulled the bell
rope too hard while calling the faith
full to the church. and that the clapper
such force as to fracture it In so many
places that for safety the bell was
taken down.
There was long and perplexing dis.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05

Diplomatic equality.
For what seemed very good reasons
several years ago the United States
rank of an ambassador, and Brazil
thereby was enabled to raise it's lega-
ton in Washington to an embassy.
This was very gratifying to Brazil
and there was a disposition to assume
that the United States thus recognized
the primary of Brazil in South Ameri-
can affairs, although that was not the
was established at Rio de Janeiro.
The Argentine Republic chafed
under this nominal diplomatic inferi-
GRITTY and made various suggestions to
Washington with view to establish
ing mutual embassies. 1t was known
that if Argentina secured an embassy
Chile would also want one as a recog-
milton of her position in South America.
Congress did not look favorably on
the creation of SO many embassies. and
in consequence Argentinas aspirations
were thwarted, although without DELHI
crate intention.
The popular and congressional edu-
crossed finally to the point where Sec
rotary Bryan was able to assure the
assent of Congress to ambassadors for
both the Argentine Republic and Chile.
The raising in rank was quickly
done. The United States Is now rep
resented at Rio de Janeiro, Buenos
Aires and Santiago by ambassadors,
and the Argentine Republic, Brazil and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05
BY CHARLES M. PEPPER.

R0HE A B powers of South
America are looming large on
the international horizon. Their
q participation in the efforts of
the Washington administration to solve
the Mexican problem revives the inter
est which was aroused in this alpha
betical alliance at the time of the Nj
agara mediation.
For very sound reasons the co-opera-
tion of other South American and Cen
trail American countries was also
sought. But apparently it is from Ar
gentina, Brazil and Chile that the most
is expected in the way of moral in
f1uence
The A B C alliance has advanced
somewhat since the Ma CARA mediation.
The powers in question seem to have
arrived at a better understanding
among themselves of what can be ac-
complished by joint action and of the
best way to accomplish It There were
treaties between them before the Nj
agara mediation, but these Were BIZ
parttte rather than tripartite treaties.
A few months ago it was reported
thst Foreign Minister Lauro Mueller
Of Brazil, by visiting the capitals of
Argentina and Chile, had secured ad-
hesfon to Identical conventions of a
tripartite character. A peace treaty
was signed in Buenos Aires by Foreign
Minister Murature of Argentina, DR..
Mueller and Foreign Minister Lira of
Chile on behalf of their respective
countries The text of these treaties
has not been made public in the United
states. at least, but their general tenor
is well understood
The A C alliance has reached the
stage where 1t represents the combined
power of the three strongest and most
popu1ous countries in South America
1t also represents the three which have
made the greatest progress toward
stable government under constitutional
forms in which there is some element
Of democracy. 1t Furthermore repre-
sents the three countries which have
effective navies- When Former Score
tary Robert Bacon made his South Amer
lcan trip for the Carnegie Peace Founda-
ton the Chileans showed him the ma
val school at Valparaiso.
So much attention has been given to
the possible influence of the A Z c
powers on international affairs that
the reflex effect on their own affairs
is overlooked. This, however, is one
of the most beneficial results of the
alliance.
The balance of power in South Amer
lea at times has been almost as threat
ening question as in Europe When
Chile's boundary disputes with Argen-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05

that the triple alliance. therefore, broke
down.
This view. however. falls to give full
credit to the progress which has been
made in the different countries in over
coming national antagonisms. One real
benefit of the A. B. c. alliance is that
it does keep the peace among the
parties themselves, where otherwise
there would be discord and the con-
slant menace of war.
The attitude of the other South Ameri-
can countries. nevertheless, is not un-
wholesome. Some check on the ambi-
lions of the A. B. c. powers is not bad.
although those ambitions may be altru-
istic and for the good of all South
America.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05
Mexico Not the Only Problem of A. B. G.


With Several Matters
Countries SougAane Has Advanced Niagara eaton-Powers
Reach Understanding Accomplished
by Joint Actonhe Of the Alliance Mexico and AT
fairs the Present Time Is Purely Moral.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05

Quoted a pharmacy in Cincinnati and
later in Hamilton, Ohio
When her family moved to Washing
tor she took a civil service examina-
ton and was appointed to the Depart
ment of Agriculture. She was urged
by the assistant secretary of agricul
ture under. Cleveland to specialize on
some scientific subject. So she fol-
lowed his advice and went to the col
lege of pharmacy, specializing. on
medical botany.
She. was soon transferred to the di-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05

Members of the countries In the II.
lance. while avoiding public discussion.
are not unaware of the view taken by
their South American colleagues. They
also see some justice in this view. At
the same time they feel that 1t is for
them to end the reproach on the cul-
ture and capacity of the Latin Ameri-
can peoples for government by exercise
ing their influence on disorderEs neigh
bors. The degree to which they should
go in any attempted regulation is still
mooted, but they have already shown
that they are quite sensitive to the in
vasion of sovereignty or to physical
Intervention.
The influence Of the A. B. c. alliance
on. Mexico and on pan-American affairs
for the present is therefore purely a
moral one.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05

for certain drug plants fiuctuates, as we'll
as the price. and. unless dealers are COM
municated with in advance. collectors may
find that they have had all their trouble
for nothing. and have their consignments
rejected
In only few instances does 1t pay to
collect small quantities. OF course, it
frequently happens. for instance. In some
or the drug-collecttng districts in isolated
mountain places. that collectors will bring
in to the general country store Q few
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05

collecting as a side line to supplement
some other income. In many cases the
work Of collecting and curing medicinal
plants is comparatively easy, and can
readily be done by women and children
But no one should go into this work
in haphazard fashion and collect any
thing and everything. said to possess
medicinal value, and then send II on to
drug dealers without having previously
communicated with them. The demand
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05

tine We're most acute and the posi-
bility of war was always present, there
was BraZilian-Chilean understand
ing. It may not have been expressed
in the form of a secret alliance or a
treaty. but the actual reliance was on
Brazil. as Argentina's powerful neigh
Dor, and on Chile as her naighbor on
the Pacific, by their combined infiu-
ence keeping Argentina from becoming
the dominating power in South Amer
lea. Geographically, the arrangement
was very strong one, and politically
it had also elements of strength.
X
Chile and Argentina ultimately set
tied their differences and reached a
good understanding, although all riv-
airy between them was not done away
with.
For generation or more there were
territorial controversies between Brazil
and Argentina, and these had prevent
ed a complete understanding. Each
country had plenty of territory. but
in South America, as in other parts of
the world, that is not sufficient to pre-
vent going to war for more land. These
controversies were settled by arbitra
ton and some approach was made to
good understanding.
There We're, however, some national
diltipd tHicS iiitn were not So easily
settled. 1t is one of the pleasing de-
lusions which obtains in the United
States that all South Americans love
one another. The truth is that there
are some very marked national antag-
onfsms, and also racial antagonists.
The mass of the Argentine popule-
ton, which is now largely of European
origin, is not especially fond of the
Chilenos, who have very large mix
ture OF Araucanian Indian blood, or Of
Portuguese blood. In this there is
some survival of the antagonism on
the Iberian peninsula between the
Portuguese and the Spaniards
The leading public men in all three
countries have recognized these antag-
onisms. They. too. have shared in the
nationalism of their own people and
have been ambitious to strengthen
their country's' influence, but they have
also seen clearly, what the mass of the
population still see only dimly that
this result is to be secured by cooper
alton with the other countries rather
than by encouraging national antag-
oniSmS
For the last ten years nearly all the
influential men in the three countries
have been seeking to cultivate a friend
ly spirit toward their neighbors At
times they have met with severe set
backs. Persistence is very marked in
the Latin American character and
these public men have persisted until
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05

cussion as to how the Liberty Bell was
cracked, but the fact is 1T was cracked
in 1885, while being toiied at the
funeral of Chief Justice Marshall.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05

Miss Alice Hn Believes Many the Drugs May Replaced by American
SubtttesThe Difficulties Collecting Drugs Countryside the Author of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05

of our drug supply" says
q Miss Alice Henkel, bota-
mist of the bureau of plant industry.
who has made a specially of investiga-
tions on medicinal plants.
1T has been urged that by properly
educating the drug collector in the
careful collection and preparation of
the medicinal plants which are found
in the United States many of the for
eign drugs, now imported in large
quantities. may be replaced by those
growing in our own fields and forests.
Our drug importations have, of
course, greatly fallen off, and among
those formerly imported are many
that might well be obtained in this
country. There is this drawback
to medicinal plant collection in the
United States to compete with the
European workers: collectors abroad
work for the merest plttances: IL is
doubtful if Americans would do the
same.
American collectors" said Miss Hem
kci. are not always perhaps as care
Iul as they might be in gathering and
preparing their drugs for market II
may happen that collector is not
quite sure as to the identity of a
plant, and may gather one which AL
though closely resembling in appear-
ance the drug wanted NAV be alto
gether inert. he needs to he careful
as to the proper time of the wear at
which the different plant parts are TO
be collected; then. too, care must Inc
exercised in drying, 50 that the curing
may go on uniformly. Lack of attep
tlon 10 these details VIII result in a
drug inferior not only in appearance,
but also in therapeutic efficiency.
IT was with this idea in mind Miss
Hehkel went on 10 say, namely, to aid
the collector in properly identifying
the various drug plants and to furnish
him with detailed instructions as TO
how TO proceed in gathering prepar-
Ing and drying crude drugs for the
market. that ] undertook the prepara-
ton of the various bulletins on the
subject
I'm Europe" said Miss Henkel. col
lectors are more careful, as "A rule in
giving attention to these details Often
the information and experience gained
are handed down from father TO son
for generations. There seems to be no
reason why. with little more care.
we should not be able to furnish as
acceptable drugs are obtained from
abroad.
II am not. however. painting any rosy
pictures Of get-rich-quick possibilities
Prices paid for crude drugs at best are
not large. and would not tempt any ore
to pursue this line of work with the idea
Of amassing a fortune. But there are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05

Miss Henkel is a graduate of col
lege of pharmacy in Washington. She
grew I'D in the atmosphere of the drug
business and comes from a family of
pharmacists. doctors and botanists, so
by training and association is well
fitted for her work. Her father con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05

being used incidentally and principally
imported from Europe"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05
Botan Government Service Specialist Medicinal

HnFNlHE European war is renew
W ing interest in the sources
of our drug supply" says
NiSS c.1 hot
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-09-05

ginia, captured Kaskaskia and raised
the American flag over the log fort by
which the town was defended, and over
the town itself
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1915-07-17
WEDDING ANNIVERSARY

The sixteenth wedding anniversary
f Mr. aud Mrs Alya Smith nas fit
tiuply observed at ihet country home
Friday evening July o.
Progressive pedro was The main fra
ture or thp evening siR tables were
laid nud much fnn and merrImcut was
caused by migutIOna of ihp lucky, 0r
uuluchv couples e.. A. Luthy and
Mrs. A. g. Thomas received tho grand
prize. and Vs. A. Elder and Mr Jos
Fishrr drew the BOBBY prize
Dainty Refreshments of iee cream
cake and fruit punch were served al
midnight Wy the hostess. assisted h'
Mrs g. A. Luthy, Mrs y " MissleI
and Mu g. u Brewer
Those present were Vs. A. Eide
and wife. Dr. Kwinek and wife. H. A
Thomas aud wife, A. g. Thomas an,
wife. B A. Sehsefer and wife. g. A
Luihy and wife, jos. Fisher and wife
Dr. g. ~ Brewer and wife. q. 4
Blown and nifs. W = F0liis aud wife
aud Dr. u A. Beaurhamp aud wife.
Stnylon Malt
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1915-07-17
Rev. Brooks Believes
In Future OF Salem

The Rev. Crayiou Brooks, who has
been holding evangeistic services in the
city for the past few weeks, was won.
dcrfully impressed with the future pos.
sibiIiticss Of this part Of the country.
lie came here direct from Long Pine.
Ark, where the thermometer had been
lowering around the 100 mark during
biz work there Naturally the won.
derful climate of the Willamette val.
lry impressed him. especially as he has
spent much time in the south. "This ID
the most wonderful climate in the whole
country, raid Mr. Brooks "In fact
the east All south knows very lttl
about the advantages you have Boz elm
ate. surprising that Of California in
every respect n Oregon advertised ii.
climate ~ much ~ California IL would
attract the attention Of the thousands
who come 60 the Pacific coast 20 avoid
the cold and snowy weather of the east
rfn and central states "
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1915-07-17

become necessary we may emerge from
II conquerUr us we have seen 100 ull our
wars
''Townrd the oons1mmniIou of thI.
pIun ! am iu favor Of doubling the
number of cadets nj West Point and of
making IL obligatory upon the secretary
" war 10 detail un army officer 10 any
school, college or university which will
furnish @ minimum VI goo students 10
drill In that way and ut tho least pos.
iblc cost We would IN few years have
enough drilled men 10 officer d yolun.
teor army Of million soldier. II needs
be-
Clara declared the surplus of gradu.
ates frcm Annapolis could be- used 20
"uffigrr that great merchant marine
Which President Wilson and some Of the
fost ~ us are determined 10 place upon
tho high seas"
The peakcr stoutly defended the
Monroe doctrine, declaring that not one
ut The Central or South American ~.
pubics corld have existed Tor six
mouths had Il not been FOR the United
States