davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-03-13
CONVICT COWDEN.
White Man Must Serve 2l Years For
 Murder.

Heber Springs. March 12.-Afte being out for 15 hours the jury re- turned a verdict of murder in th" second degree in the case of Charles Cowden of Bolivar. Mo-, who war tried for murder in the first degree on a change of venue from Boone county, where Claud Spence, a pros porous farmer, was murdered De cember 1O,1913. He was sentenced tc the penitentiary for period of 21 years.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-03-13
I+a,s Men Shoot John
 danus, Who Killed kree of Their Number.
hor1NG OCCURS 1 UNDER U. s. FLAG
ks to State Department Indicate
 \, and PiIlaging After Evacu- |pn of City by Obregon-Quiet Now Prevails.

hington, March 12.-John B |nus, a prominent American il City, originally from Chicago |hot and killed in his home yes by Zapata soldiers as they occupying fise Mexican capita he evacuation of General Obreg the Carranza forces.
 Hal dispatches today from the m minister in Mexico City re- the affair to the state depart ay the American flag was float. er McManus' house and that his had been closed and sealed by azilian consul. The Brazilian er's dispatch intimated that the may have been one of revenge was charged that when the Za' roops. recently occupied the MrManus had killed three o1 number.
 a aconference between Presi. Vilson and the cabinet a formal d was sent to General Salazar Ing that the Zapatistas guilty oi brder of McManus be punished lat adequate reparation he made family of the victim.
 Dahiaet Discusses ki}!'""
 darlington the news of the kill as received in official circles vidences of deep concern. The an minister's dispatches ar. lust as the cabinet was assem- Ind Secretary Bryan took them hid before the president. MT said that as a searching in- tion was under way, no steps kelly to be taken until the facts before the American govern ming up the news of the day e State department says off department is advised that patistas occupied the City ot at a. m., March II, in perfect md admist popular enthusiasm part of representatives of all
 The authorities have promis' everything in their power will toward bringing in the sup eeded to relieve the people. The chiefs have expressed their fation of the efforts made by ths atic corps to help the city. They lso promised to do everything to give protection to nationals lintain order in the city"
 onlcial dispatches show tha! went out on Wednesday and that immediately the mu. authorities took charge until was again seized by the Zapa.
 announcements made by MT are that he still regards the n of inviolate communication Vera Cruz and Mexico City as lost importance.
 Report 100 Wounded.
 lal dispatches received A dip quarters from other legations pco City said one British house oted and 100 persons were in
 the disorder which prevailed the evacuation of Obrego1
 entry of the Zapata troops.
 Atcnes from the Brazilian min
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-03-13
Cotton Mill Resumes.

Denison. Texas; March 12.-The tex tile industry of tho Ilenison Cottton Mill company. which has been closed for several months undergoing re- pairs, installing new machinery and a modern power plant. has re-opaned on full time. This mill will consume 7.5OO bales of cotton annually and employ 300 operatives.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-03-13
Germans Advance in Poland.

NCA uunS LAuVsAlANN A1A Il OAeA--us
 lPetrograd, March 12.-A battle of vast dimensions is now going on be- tween Knorzele and Prazasnysz, and along the valley of the Orzhitva. which joins the Narsw east of Pulpusk. The Germans are advanc- ing.
 The German force contains. a num- Der of newly-formed units brought from the interior. provinces. Germany also has many troops which were operating in the Suwalki government. It is inferred from the great number of men they have massed and the violence with which they are de- livering their attach great importance to these operations.
 Their immediate. aim is believed to be the possession of the main rail- road junctiops to the rear of Warsaw, with the view of forcing the passage of the Vistula, and attacking the Polish capital on the right bank of the river.
 After a pause of several days, the Germans renewed thN bombardment Of Ossowiecz with 12-inch guns. They either have brought up fresh ordnance of this type or have shifted the position of batteries.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-03-13
SPEND MILLIONS
 BUYING POWDER
DuPont Works Being Ex- tended-Russia Orders 4O,-
 GOO Tons of Rails.

New York, March 12.-Pierre s. du- Pont, head of the F. I. duPont de Ne mours Powder company, announced last night sufficient orders have been received from the belligerent powers to warrant the company in making large extensions to it's plants.
 "Our expenditures in construction may reach total of $5,000,000 or mcre," he said.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-03-13
FRESH ENGLISH TROOPS BEATING
 BACK GERMANS Reinforced by Kitchener's S Army, English Capture
 Whole Section. KAISER'S TROOPS
 START NEW FIGHT New Armies Assembled to Renew Ef- fort to Capture Warsaw, and Bat. tie of Vast Importance Is
 Preeipitated.

London, March 12-Impetuous lunges, born of new strength receiv- cd from the lately-arrived Kitche- ! ner's second army, today carried the
 British still farther forward in Elan ders.
 Following the capture of Neuve Chappelle, with the aid of the new establishment of the British line fully 12OO yards beyond the German advanced positions in this region, the. English today pressed their advan.-
 age and captured a whole section Of the German line entrenched beSwee:. the hamlet Pitere and the mill out side the village
 The drive was made sharply on the heelc of the Germans, who had been turned back in brilliant defensive against two terrific counter attacks.
 Four hundred prisoners, including
 five officers, were taken.
 The midnight official communica- ton from Paris also relates a still
 further success of the English two
 miles east of Armentierres, where the hamlet of LePinette was captur-
 ed and fortified.
 been idle. The campaign in Cham pagne continues favorable to them. Thursday evening they captured a fort on the ridge northeast of Mesnil, and continued the advance, taking several German trenches and a number of prisoners, including of ficers. Further to the west. this
 morning several more trenches were cleare,; of the enemy and strength ened for French occupancy. Warships Driven Off. Of these two movements, the Brit ish clai;1, are discounted by the Ber- lin statement, which, while admit ting the English have occupied Neuve Chappelle, adds that attempts to ad- vance toward the east have failed; in Champagne, Berlin says, the situa- ticn generally is quiet.
 The German report, however, men, l tions activity by warships of the al.
 lied fleet off the Belgian coast,
 which is ignored b. the Paris state
 ment. Two warships and several
 torpedo boats, it says, dropped about 70 shells in the vicinity of Westende
 on Thursday without doing damage,
 finally being forced to Withdraw
 under severe fire of the German bat? teries.
 East of Lombaertzyde, according tc the Paris report, the Franco-Belgian troops have captured a small fortress 100 yards in front of the allies l trenches,
 On the other extremity of the line,
 night attack by the Germans
 against the French position at Reich
 acker- -kopf was repulsed, and, in the
 action which followed, the French
 chasseurs were able to advance thei'' 1 line about 200 yards.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-03-13
STATE JOB LIKE MAGNET. Clary Has 25O Applications for $1oO
 a-MOnth .!cb.

Little Rock. March Estate Labor Commissioner J. C. Clarp has an nounced the temporary appointment of Aubert Martin, young man Of War ren, as deputy labor commissioner to succeed M. J.. McMahon. He has about 250 applications for the place including one member of the senate The place pays only $10O month and the warrant must he discounted. He will not make tho appointment until about May l.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-03-13
Paying Papers.

Little Rock, March 12.-The auditor of state issued and mailed out Friday afternoon the vouchers for the pay ment of the newspapers for publishing amendments and initiative and rtfer- endum measures, for which the lG8is- lature appropriated $47,000.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-03-13
Russians Buy Rails

Pittsburgh, Pa, March 12.-The Russian government has ordered 40.- 900 tons of steel rails of light weight from American rail mills. The Rus sian and French governments
 also have placed here additional or ders for barbed wire. The 'lsst order calls for approximately 1A000 tons. and is valued at more than $500,000.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-03-13
AUSTRIANs BEATEN.
Lose 1900 Men ih Battle With Rus.
 sians Neaf Dukla Pass.

Basic. switzeTland. MarcL 12.--A dispatch received here states that the Russian forces near Dukla pass forced a battle upon five Ausrr,an regiments on the Hungarian side of the Carpathian divide. The Aus
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-03-13

Miss Emma Loosely is showing i'm provement, following an operation fol Appendicitis at the Davis hospital.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-03-13

(Contlnued on page 5.)
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1915-08-24
JofFre's Right Hand Man.

'Fochi Who IS Foch?' people were
asking when the name began to appear
with regularity in Joffre's reports No
one seemed to know him. although
when the war broke out he was COM
handing the Twentieth Army Corps at
Nancy, and today commands a group
Of Ave armies in the North, being sec
ond in command to Joffre himself.
Foch 10 one Of the revelations Of the
war. 1t was at the battles Of the
tactIcian were revealed. FIND out the
weak spot of your enemy and deliver
your blow there" he oEce said TO his
staf. But suppose. General" replied
an ofIicer, that the enemy has no weak
spotT IF the enemy has no weak
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1915-08-24
JlrNEYs DISAPPEARING,

From all indications the jitney bus
mess is on the toboggan. II came in
with g rush. bringing with 1t such
conditions that regulation was imper-
ative and 1t Is disappearing as fast as
IL came.
Many have gained an experience in
that business which was enlightening.
1t showed that the operation OF a mo-
tor car with any degree of regularity
over any territory with the varying
business which could be secured was
not q profitable undertaking. Trans
portation at five cents head with
the expenses as low rs they may be
with some kind OF autos is not a gold
mine In every city. And when IL be-
comes necessary for the safeguarding
OF the public to impose the restric-
tons upon such cars and demand that
there be some guarantee for the pa
irons in case OF accident it imposes
condition which Is justified, but
which few OF them care to meet
In some cases exorbitant demands
have been made OF the titney drivers,
but for the most part the resulting
legislation and regulation have been
directed by a spirit Of fairness and
with a proper consideration for estab-
lished transportation lines which oper-
ate under like restrictions.
The decline of the jitney was pre-
dicted. II has run its course and
those which remain In the business are
finding II advisable TO shift the rate
so that in reality jitney becomes q
misnomer.
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1915-08-24
YOU
Conveyed SHIPS.

Much. emphasis has been placed upon
the point as to whether the steam
ship. Arabic swas under. convoy sat the
time lit was torpedoed and a further
lack of justification for the attack Is
displayed by the declaration that It
was receiving no such protection as
It was passing Through the war zone
To convoy a'ship through the waters
which the German order includes in
the tahooed territory Is to furnish it
with armed protection. The vessel it
self may not be armed, but the con-
Ivoy can be depended upon to be and
likewise be expected to possess much
speed in addition in order to provide
as great q menace. as possible to the
war vessels Of the enemy. Such. con-
voy, therefore, operates in manner
which virtually amounts to the con-
voyed ship being armed and thus
classed as a ship Of war, for it has
that defense which would be the same
as IL the guns were mounted upon it's
own deck and an attack can be made
upon an enemy ship or repealed.
Thus the fact that the Arabic was
not convoyeds removes it from q class
which might be looked upon as an
lobjecta Of attack without such q warn
A46 49, - SSSAS0 AOE ny Iu0 1ufSa OF
warfare when a merchantmen Is stop
ped. Even though 1t might have had
warship escort during any part of
its journey, but not at the time when
the attack was made leaves it still
an unconvoyed ship and 1t should
have been dealt with as any other un-
armed steamer. Reports show that it
was treated as a warship, when as a
matter Of fact 1t was not one in any
sense Of the word and there was no
justification for the methods used,
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1915-08-24
IT," returned General Foch. make


There you have the secret of the sue
cess Of General Ferdinand Foch- in the
present war. He is a man who makes
the enemy do what he wants them to
do, and has consequently earned the
reputation of being the greatest STRAIT
egist in Europe. Foch Is the hero OF
the Marine. the man who perceived that
there must be q gap between the Prus-
sian Guard and the Saxon army, and
who gathered enough artillery to force
the Prussians and the Saxons. now
separated, to retreat. He Is also the
man who did much 20 prevent the
Germans getting through to Calais, for
he was in general control Of the sue
cessful fight made by the French,
British and BeIgians, and enabled sJof-
FIRE to say, on q certain date. 1t is now
our time to turn
Foch and Jofrre were born within
about three months Of one another,
the former on Oct. :. 1851, and Jofre
on Jan. IL, 1852. In 1870 Foch served
as a subaltern against the Germans.
as did Joffre. and afte- the war both
soldiers Of brains, Foca being given
a commission as artillery captain when
he was twenty-six I-Aser he became
professor of tactics in the Ecole de
/ Cuerre, with tie title OF commandanI
where he remained for f1ve years
i afterwards winning rapid advance
| ment.
| Cool cautious, taci.urn, Foch Is q
i man whom Germany feals: but he IL
loved by every French soldier. for he
is credited with knowing all there il
to know about the man who fights N
the ranks-his heart, his mind. his
capabilities and the method Of getting
the most out of those capabilities
Foch makes it his business to get into
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1915-08-24
Stories of the War
Medicine in the War.

"On the whole. at the end of the
to have acquitted itself well says the
London Lancet. There has been an
absence of epidemic sickness, and
there has been no catastrophe from
sanitary faults. On the principle that
lives saved are lives gained. the ef-
meant q gain of many lives to the bel
hgerent armies
I'm France. the care Of the wounded
behind the lines has steadily improved
and the experience which has been
gained Of unfamiliar diseases and con-
gangrene, will be of the greatest value
in the future. There have been sew
eral smart epidemics of typhoid. but
neither in the English. French or Bel
gian ranks was the disease ever al
lowed to make grave Roadway. Dur
ing the winter there was much suffer
ing from exposure, but the chief cause
OF disability was trench foot There
was less pneumonia and rheumatism
than expected.
Concerning the Russian medical
service. the information Is most sat
isfactory. though some apprehension
was at first felt about II. The diff
f1culty was not the personnel but the
! distances. But the devotion of volun-
tary effort and of civilian medical mer
nave oNeTElooeh Ihe oIinculueSs the
organisation has been excellent and
the Russian army has been able to
show a good bill Of health through a
terrible year.
The story Of Serbia Is q triumph
Of preventive medicine, and the United
States and England between them may
lay claim to the credit. None of the
stories Of the terrible plight Of the
Serbians from typhus exaggerates the
| state Of things. But the grip of the
disease has been made to relax, and
| the medical outlook is now hopeful"
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1915-08-24

SO long. told my husband that az
long as we were going TO be no dread
fully poor I'd better get the curtains
while we had the money on hand
TT was nearly a month before we
had any more poverty talk, but when
q funeral Everything was going 10
the everlasting something or other, and
stocks were either high or low, DIDN'T
know which Anyhow, ruin was all We
could hook forward to and it would De
here In @ few weeks.
"The very next morning told my
husband that didn't expect to have a
vacation again In years. SO was going
west at once for q whole month. !
went right down the same day and
bought my ticket for California Every
body was surprised at my going, and
some didn't know was going until ]
got back last week, but / had a good
time anyhow. Ny husband came on
the very next train and surprised me
by appearing at my hotel few hours
after / arrived. asked him what
made him come and he said II was
economy. He thought It was safer to
be with me- had picked out the
most expensive place and ! enjoyed
myself"
Did her
my husband is blessed with q sense
of humor," Mrs. Wilkinson chuckled
ST heard him tell friend that he did
not believe in telling women to econ
ornize. because they spent very little
| anyhow when you did't worry them
about It, and he could trust his wife
That day told him thought we were
| spending too much and we'd better
| start for home as soon as we could
pack up."-Chicago News
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1915-08-24

result In the rrodustion Of dyes and
cbemicalssat home.
The United States possesses the ma
fterial and ability in SUFFICIENT quantity
to take care of its own needs. but It
has never received the encouragement
In the past to make the expenditure
which. would be necessary for the as
tahiishment OF it's own plants inde-
pendent of the foreign producer.
The war has driven. however. this
country to an important development
along this line It ts step which
ought to mean . permanent establish
ment OF this industry For the supply
ing OF domestic needs. II has been
demonstrated that there In demand
for it and that IT. can be met and it
is as important that use should be
made OF waste products here as well
as acresS the water. and then shipped
into this country. W6ah proper pro-
lection this industry would not only
increase. but do thriving business
and 1t isstime that,it received the con-
sideratep attention which it deserves.
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1915-08-24
MORE THAN INDIGNANT,

When the Cologne Gazette scouts
the idea that the sinking of the Arabic
can have any serious effect upon the
relations between this country and
Germany and declares that the report
that 1t has caused indignation in
America is IAN English fake" it shows
how thoroughly misunderstood is the
attitude OF this country upon the vio-
lation Of it's neutrality and it's rights.
Just what is responsible for this
mistaken opinion. which may exist to
a much larger extent in Germany, is
not disclosed. 1t may be due to the
effect of the Bryan declarations while
he was in ONCE, or it may follow as
the result Of the German policy of
suppressing the real attitude Of this
country, but whatever it may be, it
couldn't be any farther from the facts.
However the German press may look
upon the destruction of the Arabic and
other English vessels as a natural and
necessary incident of the war, 1t is
impossible for. 1t to ignore the fact
that this country demands respect for
international law and a proper pro-
lection for the lives of it's subjects.
This is what Germany through it's
submarine policy has failed in a num-
Der of instances to give and which
according to the Interpretation of the
Arabic incident it does not intend
to insure. Germany may have the
right to- destroy a commercial ves-
sci Of its enemy, but it has not the
right to take American lives or the
lives Of non-combatants as 1t has SO
hagrantly done. II 1t intends to sink
English vessels il should follow the
rules Of established warfare and pro-
tect human lives. It's failure to dc
SO aroused indignation long ago and
the time has now come for action.
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1915-08-24
sLoTfsecoMlNo INpELieLE.

Just how much respect there 10 for
the law and Its obedience in the state
OF Georgia today~was manifested few
Adays ago by the lynching which so
aroused theSwhole country. That was
attributable to one well known case
but how thoroughly II Is grounded in
at least a. certain class Of that state
is 1ndicated by the threatening attitude
which has been manifested towards
the past and the present governor of
the state because one did and the
other Is trying to do his duty.
Before his term expired, Governor
(Slaton, by his act in committing
Franks sentence. found himself in
such danger that 1t was necessary to
call:out the state militia to give him
the proper protection and insure
against any attempt being made to
injure him or take his life. Following
the hanging Of Frank, Governor Har-
ris, pursuant to the responsibilities
which devofve upon him as the head
OF the state. set about to run down
and punish his murderers and q re-
ward has even been offered for such
an accomplishment. Because of his
actions In behalf of the state and the
| recognition Of his sworn duty in en-
deavoring to uphold the law and order
| as well as the honor of/the state, he
| now finds himself being made the OBJ
ject Of attack through threatening let
tiers advising him to $50 slow
This is another glaring and damag-
ing reflection upon that common
| wealth. That they will get scant at
tention Is TO be expected, but from
the attitude thus manifested. Georgia
| suffers from conditions which have
been permitted In the past. tt is time
the whole state was aroused to ac-
ton which VIII remove the blot which
| threatens to become indeiible.
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1915-08-24

A French publication calls attention
TO the fact that the loss Of life through
accidents has been very small among
the army aviators. as compared 10 the
PLANTATION is made tina. IN this service
only the most skilled mel are engaged,
and, moreover. they do rot indulge in
the sensational exhibition tricks that
have brought disaster 20 many. 1t may
be noted that it is the same essential
exhibition business that has given the
general public many erroneous aid
misleading ideas about dying machines
that will sooner or inter- prove an
injury to aviation
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1915-08-24
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
Who Was Mr.. Winter Green Who Died
In 1902

Mr.. Editor: At recent date the
writer was one of q party, enjoying
a days outing AT Spy Rocks" social
ed, about miles more or less, north
the Plainfield-G riswold town lines
While rambling about the crest of the
hill, one of the party discovered a
maidstone, marking q grave, perhaps
a dozen yards back from the brink
OF the declivity in a dense mass Of
brush and young trees. Examination
revealed the grave to be the resting
place Of Mr.. Winter Green" aged u
years, who died in 1909 Further
search showed rough stones at the
head and foot of about twenty other
graves, some of which showed conclu-
sive evidences Of being the homes of
Ekunks and woodchucks. Can some
one tell us. through the columns of
The Bulletin. who the above Mr.. Green
was, and his relation to the community
in which he evidently lived, and event.
ually was buried, and the identity of
the others buried in that little Gene
tary for from highway, and in such
an unusual situation. The immediate
location suggested hardly more than
1924 inches of soil above the under
lying ledge The name on the one
marked headstone suggests Indian or
negro. And also, why the Spy"
Rocks?
Many unnamed hills and lodges in
Southeastern Connecticut furnish a
much broader and more extensive
panorama than Syp Rocks. though the
view across the valley toward Stone
Hill and in a limited way, both N
E. and s. E. is well worth the time and
| trouble. Any definite information con-
corning the above will be much appre-
| ciated BIZ
ONE OF THE RAMBLERS.
AV1O