davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1915-02-11
Notice to Heirs, Creditors, Etc.

Notice to Heirs, Creditors, Etc.
In the matter of the estate of Amy
A. Estep, deceased.
In the Wayne circuit court, January
term. 1915.
Notice is hereby given that Charles
F. Estep as administrator de bonis non
Of the estate of Amy A. Estep, de-
ceased, has presented and filed his &C.
count and vouchers in final settlement
of said estate. and that the same will
come up for examination and action Of
said circuit court on the 9Th day of
March, 1915, at which time all heirs.
creditors or legatees Of said estate are
required to appear in said court and
show cause, if any there be, why said
account and vouchers should not be
approved.
CHARLES F. ESTEP.
Administrator De Bonis Non.
VIM. A. Bond, Attorney. 11-1S-25
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1915-02-11
WANTED

WANTED-To buy about 60 acres on
or near traction line, either east or
west, and within four miles of Rich
mond. w. c. Hibberd. Dickinson
Trust Co. 9-3t
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1915-02-11

White gabardine with facings of
black poplin is here shown. The waist
is cut with jaunty bolero fronts, and
neat high collar, that leaves the throat
free in front. The sleeve in wrist
length is close fitting below the elbow.
In short length it is finished with
shaped cuff The skirt is cut with
high waistline, and is gored in grace
full ample fulness. This design is
lovely for the pretty new linen and
cotton materials of the season, and
will look we'll in poplin, taffeta, or
faille silk. The waist pattern is cut
in 6 sizes: 81, SO, 3S, 40, AZ and "A
inches bust measure. The skirt, in
sizes: %, "a, 26, %. 80 and 80 inches
waist measure. To make the entire
dress it will require 9ss yards of e.
inch material for a medium size.
This illustration calls for two sep
arate patterns which will be mailed to
any address on receipt of 1Oc for each
pattern in silver or stamps
Address your letter to Richmond Pal
ladium Pattern Department, Rich
mond, Indiana.
Size ...................
Name OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES.
City .................
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1915-02-11

WANTED-Young farmer contemplat-
ing leaving farm west or north of
Richmond to answer this adv. Address
Ed, care Palladium. 2eOd-7t
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1915-02-11

WANTED-Boiler repairs, heavy
sheet metal work, tanks, smoke
stacks, etc. We weld broken castings
of iron, steel, brass or aluminium. Thos.
Turner & Son, rear 33 S. 9Th st. Phone
1888
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1915-02-11

WANTED--Ausic pupils, will teach
piano, violin, harmony, history: will
come to house for lessons. Eta Hill,
r. r. No. 8. 11-2t
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1915-02-11

WANTED-Experien agent to han
die an electric appliance on commits
sion in residence district. Address X.
j., care Palladium. Hit
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1915-02-11

FOR RENT-Two room flat, modern
heated satisfactorily. Phone 2493
(feb10-tf)
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1915-02-11

WANTED-3 ladies to solicit for Neil
en- books and soaps, at once; good
wages; steady work. F. r. Chamness.
812 N. st. Tilt
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1915-02-11
FOR SALE

FOR SALE-Good base burner, IS.
Call 402 Richmond ave. 8
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1915-02-11

FOR RENT-Furnished housekeeping
apartments, modern. No children.
207 n. 9th. 28-eod-7t
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1915-02-11

FOR RENT-Two furnished rooms;
modern house, 2O3 S. 18th. lott
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1915-02-11
FOR RENT

FOR RENT-Modern 6 room flat, very
desirable. VIM. H. Bradbury & Son.
Rooms / and 3 Westcott Block Phone
1856. 16-tu-th-sat1tf
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1915-05-27
METHODIST CHURCH
Morning service 1890 a. IN.
Sunday School. ~ M.
EpWorth League 200 %. m.
Evening service. 500 D. m

Evening service, 500 p. m.
A very large audience assembl-
ed last Sunday morning for the an
nual Memorial service in honor of
the nations veterans. The service
was participated in by the various
ministers of the city and the local
post of the q. A. r., attended in
a body. The anthem by the choir
entitled, 1.-The Comrades Greet
ing" and The vocal solo by Mrs
Paul were greatly enjoyed by the
audience and altogether it was a
very pleasing and fitting service
The services next Sunday will
be conducted as usual with the
exception of the evening service.
The morning worship will be held
at 1890, Sunday school at 1900
and Epworth League at 200 p.
NJ. You are cordially invited to
all these services.
In the evening the congregation
will unite in Il union service at
the High School auditorium. The
service will be held at. 500 O'Clock
at which time the Rev. Sewrey will
deliver the Baccalaureate sermon
to the graduates of the High
School.
The prayer meeting of the
church will be held on Thursday
at 500 p. NJ. 1t is desired that
special effort be made to attend
the mid-week service.
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1915-05-27
CIVIC WORK

The civic work still continues
and our city is beginning indeed
to show wonderful results. The
Armory, under the auspices of the
Committee, bids fair to out-rival
more pretentious places. Just
keep your eye Oh it as it blossoms
out.
Have you noticed the window
box at the Citizens National bank :
Take care of your premises, a.
seven judges have been appointed
to watch and make reports as tC
the greatest Improvement during
the summer. OF course, we all
want a prize, but if we do not gel
it, we shall have the satisfaction
of knowing that our own individ.
ual work has helped to make oul
city beautiful.
Mrs. H. ID. Vollrath, tst st. So,
was a hostess last week.
MRS. H. S. PERKINS,
Secretary.
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1915-05-27

the first five miles on all tickets.
a recent decision in a lower cour,
says they cannot. 1t has been the
custom to- charge 3 cents mile
for a five mile haul, but for dis
lance of more than five miles. q
uniform rate of two cents a mile
has been charged.
The action of the company il
raising to } cents a mile for the
first five miles on all tickets sold
will increase the rate on all tick
cts i'm the state, 5 cents.
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1915-05-27
n. p. INCREASE
PASSENGER RATES
After May 18th Al Tickets will
Cost 8 Cents More Than
af Present

An increase to 3 cents a mile
for all passenger hauls inside the
state of Minnesota, will go into
effect in the Northern Pacific's
passenger tariffs May IS, accord
ing to an announcement from
headquarters. The increase will
not go into effect in interstate
business, until June 10.
The railroads in that state have
a legal right to charge cents a
mile for any ticket sold for a
distance of five miles or less, but
there seems to be a question
whether thi slaw can be con-
strued to mean that they have a
right to charge cents q mile for
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1915-05-27

man worthy to any city. Besides
his full line Of shoes he has an ex-
eellent shoe repairing establish
ment in connection.
The Bernard Bottling Co., man.
ufacturers of soft drinks and car
donated beverages, have made a
name for themselves, thus early
lin their line of business. They
earnestly solicit your patronage,
no matter what it is, in their line
of production.
The Olympia Candy Kitchen,
owned by Pappas Bros, have al
ready increase the size of their
establishment to take care of their
fast growing business. Give them
a chance to supply your wants.
j. P. O'Brien Land Co., who
sell their own and your land when
listed with them, are among the
live ones behind this Dollar Day
movement.
The National Bank, who write
insurance and issue loans, and
gives the best of service, are
building a new home for them
selves. This bank is one of the
best institutions of Richland Co.
and it will pay you to call and see
them on this day.
+. w. Waugneux, the Studbak-
er automobile agent for this ter
rltory and has first class garage
i'm every respect, will give you his
best of attention on this day.
/ The Peoples State Bank, known
as one of the strongest conserva-
tive banks in the west, earnestly
wishes for your success and pros
perity. Call in and see them and
make their acquaintance. They
will be pleased to meet you.
w. b. Aspinwall, who handles
a full line of books and stationary
and popular sheet music, is an
other live business men behind
this day.
/ Leach d Gamble wholesalers OF
fruits and groceries, are notabl.
for their progressiveness ant
always keep the best in their lin.
ilidt can De mad.
Nick Klein, owner of one OF
our up-to-date barber shops car
give you anything i'm his line OF
business and always keeps a frs
class help of assistants to assist
him i'm his large patronage.
JOS. Voves, who manufacturer.
and sell some of the best cigar.
that are made anywhere, wishe,
for your health and success. Tr,
some of his makes and you viii
never regret it.
! The New Star Roller Mills
one of Wahpeton's larger insti.
buttons, always does what is right
by supplying the best of good.
from home grown products.
The Otter Tail Power CO.. is al.
ways right up to minute in servic,
and besides keeps large number
of men employed i'm this city
When doing it electrically, call OF
them. They can give you Jus
: what you want at reasonable pri
ces.
. hC NilS II'ICI, Il llESU CLASS llO.
tel III every respect, will suppl,
your wants any day and will max,
amply preparation for your want,
OH this day especially.
Carl jacobson, a baker of n,
mean prominence, is another
Wahpetonian behind this Dollar
Day movement.
Lacy, the Jeweler, is an ener.
getic, reliable and prosperous cit.
iZen and business man, who ha.
made name for himself by hi:
quality of work.
The Wahpelon Times, the new.
lest paper in the county, is Away.
behind any progressive movement
and join with you on this day fol
a successful one.
Mrs. l.. C.. Briggs, one of Wah.
petOn's millinery store owners
gives all she can for the none,
you pay her for her goods. Sh,
always invites your inspection
whether you buy or not.
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1915-05-27
Clothes Caught Fire = Doris.

the little daughter of Mr.. and
Mrs. Haugen OF Wyndmere came
very near being burned alive last
Tuesday. Her clothes caught fire
from a nearby bon fire. Her body
was being rapidly enveloped in
flames, and but for the timely ar
rival of her playmate, VIM. Two
hig, would have terminated dis
astrously.
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1915-05-27
"MoN EY''

The mint makes it and under
the terms of the Continental
Mortgage Company you can Sc
cure it at 6 per cent for any legal
purpose on approved real estate.
Terms easy, tell us your wants
and We will cooperate with you.
PETTY & COMPANY
1419 Lytton Bldg, Chicago.
Adv. So 3m
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1915-05-27

We do pressing, clean
ing. altering and repairing
Of mems and ladies' gar
ments. Our dry cleaning
plant is tho best equipped
to be found west Of tho
Twin Cities and the work
we turn out is second to
none.
Our charges are very
reasonable. II your clothes
are dirty and greasy we can
make them look like new.
Hats cleaned and block.
Ladies' white short.
gloves cleaned. Toe. Give
US a trial.
Phone No. 345, and we
will call and deliver.
0PPIES' ToG0ERY,
If. Wahpeton, N. D.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-04-11

The i'm portance or regular and
careful inspection is coming to be
more generally recognized in the
mining districts of the country.
Explosive gas has been the cause OF
most of the serious accidents IN the
bitunlinous mines, and this is the
cause which preliminary inspection
may often easily remove. n
The inspection system has been
brought to its highest efficiency ilit
the anthracite region OF Pennsyl-
vania. Every morning before the
mine workers ENTER, the assistant
usually called go through all the
Eangways and chambers. They make
tests with their little lamps to find
out if there is any dangerous gas.
In addition to this, they examine
the timbering OF the roof. to be
able to give warning IL there isl
probability#o OF cave. After this
is over the inspectors report to the
nine foreman In his office at the
bottom Of the shaft
The mine workers, coming down
the shaft later. must pass by the
foreman's place and all Of them
must get his O. 4. before they can
70 into their mine chambers. From
the inspectors reports ne ~ KNOWS
Just which places are dangerous:
into these no one is allowed to go.
In addition to the inspection en-
forced by the anthracite operators
themselves, the state of Pennsyl-
svania has its representatives make
periodical visits to the collieries.
These men-wh are selected in ac-3
cordance with the law OF the state
must have a thorough knowledge
OF mining practice In fact they are
almost always men who have had
actual experience as workers under
ground. They have to pass q ri gid
examination before they cam 4ualify
for 5inspectorships. It will not 90
simply to know the theoryEof min
ing they must be familiar NJ 18th ac-
s5tual conditions. ss
"a The following questions, include
ed in recent examina ton, give
some idea ot the knowledge they
are supposed to have:
What gases are found In the an
y thracite mines, and. how do they az
feet the lives and safety OF en-
\ ployes? What course would you
recommend to secure aS large guam
stitys OF air In the nine with the least
possible res1stance9 In trying to-
extinEuish q IRE. what precautinns
would you observe Tor the protec-
I, ton Of - life and property? yon
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-04-11

Then slopes slantwise tunnels
We're driven. This made matters
more complicated; the workers had
to so far underground and cars
We're hauled to the surface by
means Of long cables. Ventilation
and timbering became troublesome
problems. Finally came shaft min
aing-the driving or perpendicular
shafts hundreds Of feet deep and or
tunnels running out from them
through the coal veins
But the first shaft mining was
very different from the operation or
these days. Then the shafts were
sunk 900, 800 or 400 feet. Now they
so to a depth Oh 800 or 1900. In.
stead or one or two gangways ira
yersing q conl vein. there are now
dozens On many different Levels.
two or three miles underground
from its loading place to the shaft
through which 1t is hoisted to the
surface. In every mine there is a
network Of underground railways.
which have to be maintained and
managed as carefully as surface
railroad "A forest of trees is re-
uuircd to supply supports for the
1. roof. Currents of pure air must
he blown through the passages at
the rate OF 200 cubic feet minute
for each man in the mine. And
monster. pumps !, costing many thou
sands OF dollars. are Installed far
underground to keep the workings
free from water.
So it is that the preventio OF ac-
cidents is q vastly more serious
problem now than it once was. BY
taking advantage OF every useful
invention. and by institutinG new
precautions. the anthracite operar-
ors have been able to keep the risks
u down. But there is one opposing
element against which neither the
operators nor the Pennsylvantat
state officials can make much head
Way--the mine workers indiffer-
ence TO the risks that surround him..
The mine workers are Of so many
nationalities that it is OF the first
Importance to communicate with
every man In his own Ian guage. A5
/ placard with the rules printed In.
! English would be und erstood by
only small proportion OF the em-4
ployes. Hence It Is that. the rules
are translated into many different
tongues at some mines there are
:.twant versions OF the same set OF
rules, soSnumerous are the countries
from which the miners have emil;
grated. 4
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-04-11

y Il ( s.15 . 4 100
had been conducting a search for
lost cnploye In the mines. and had
Ia your possession maps, compass,
tape protection and a scale, could
YOU conduct searching party to
the shaft2 How would YOU de-
termine when a hosting rope vas
i unsafe " #
The equipment Of the mines, such
as elevators and underground rail
road tracks and motive power is de-
signed to afford the maximum of
Il safety. This is true also of the
breaker machinery through which
1.-THE coal goes, after it comes from
the ground To b. prepared for the
market. @
The shafts iii the anthracite re-
gion vary in depth from 200 to-
1000 feet and, of course. it IS es=
sential that the elevators or cages
as they are ordinarily called shalt
be absolutely safe. TO effect this,
thorough tests are conducted atsreg5
ular intervals. When a cage lis to
be tested it is first loaded to its full
capacity. then suddenly released
The drop is only Tor a short dis
h lance. for the powerful catches. de-
yised for lust such an emergency.
grip the guides tighter and tighter
unit the cage comes to stop. Of
{ fetal reports Of the test are filed for
references and examination by the
state mine insp ectors.
TIE cubles supporting the Gle!
5yators vary in size with the depth
ssofg the shaft. The usual diameter
is an inch and a quarter or an inch
Y and a half. Long before the wire
ropes begin to show signs Of wear
they are replaced by neN ones. II
/ Il single year recently, one OF the
larger mining companies spent So
200 for new ropes. s55s
The anthTa cite mine laws OF
n Pennsylvania provide that there
Y shall be a constant flow OF air
through the mines, at the rate Of
not less than 200 cubic feet per
i minute for each man. 1t is the
common practice. however. for the
companies to supply tconsid erably3
larger quantity Of air 50 that there
may be wide margin Of safety.
Furthermore, the immense fans
which are equired In these days.
are often Installed IN dup licate, so
! that II one OF them for any reason,
Is put out Of commie sion. the other
VIII be read to take It's place at
once. s ss * MI
The ventilation VI mines is init
self 4 III suientiii q prof. let1l. Tnes
present Seff iciency has been reached
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-04-11
History Of Clocks

The indication or time has long,
been one Of the pstsimportant fac
tors in the history Of the world
Even the primitive peoples had some
crude methods OF telling time. usll-
all BY the sun, and one Of the first
Implements used for the purpose
was vertical pole stuck In the
ground to establish the noon mark.
Representative types OF early time
keeping apparatus and mechanisms
from various countries are to be
seen In the United States national
museum at NVashing ton, D. C.. This
collection consists OF permanent
and portable sun dials, hour glasses,
time candles and lamps. large Sc
r1es%of watches and watch move
ments. and clocks. including a va
ter clock OF the Seventeen tn century.
Among the sun dials, which are
perhaps the best known Of the early
time indicators. is a model OF one
used by the MontaEnais Indians Of
Canada, consisting Of a pole set YER
ticallE, the shadow OF which was
marked in the snow by each hunting.
party4to indicate the time Of its ar
rival to the Indians who followed.
thus making the passage Of time cal.
culab BILE Other interesting speci-
mems are brass and ivory sun dials
OF the fifteenth and sixteenth centu-5
RES. There Is also a ring dial which.
when held vertically, permits the.
sun to shine through small hole
on one side of the rim and registers
the hour on scale on the opposite
4 side Vertical and horizonta14di alss
from many countries and ATTITUDES
dating from the fifteenth to the
twentieth centuries, are represented.
One Of the most primitive time.
recording devices employed by the
Chinese and Japanese was a knot
ted wick about two feet In length.
which smou1d ered without breaking
into fame, and ndicated the pass
age or an hour by the time 2consuln-
ed In burning between two knots.
King Alfred is credited with having
estab lished q Hystem whereby ~.
inch wax candles were diyid ed into
equal distances: relatively third
OF an hour being required to- burn
an inch. A5candle Of this type, but
only ten inches IN length, Is exilib-'
tied in the museum ollection.
Philippe 4 T. OF Spain lis supposed
to have used an oil lamp for indfcat-
ing time, the decrease in the amount
OF Oh being shown BY graduate ions
on the glass reservoir. IT was de-
signed especial II for night use. The!
graduatinns started at the tor. with
the mark iii; passed downward to
XVI, and then from to VIII. coy
aring the period OF winter darkness
A similar lamp is In; the National
Museum exhibi ciassih fed as IA pew
Tar itae-inditatinS Lamp. marked
Ear tteE hntirss OF 81 TO 6ss,es and was col
1eetsd 100 In nuremberg bys;Dr.
Samuel Lang late secretary5
nf ne snnit Z lion
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-04-11

gE N
Sand glasses represented By
seven specimens of various types In
dealing three minutes. one-quarter
hour, one-half hour. and ono hour.
and one German set of four-hour
glasses. probably Of the fourteenth
Z century The hour-glass Is said to
\ pc the Invention of Luitprapd.
~ monk 1l of Charities. WI o. near the end
+ OF the eighth century. revived the
art art OF glass blowing. These instru-
ments are still popular with many
clergvmen, and it lis understood that
one. is in daily use in the British
house Of commons.
Clocks operated by water power
4 date back as far as 300 3. E. In
Egypt, and although their history is
somewhat vague. 1T is believed that
the earliest ones ndicated hours,
of uneven length, while those eVoly-
ed during the seventeenth century
and later. were simpler and showed
( even periods. 4 locks of this deBcrip-
Stion and Of this period are BnownFas
sClepsydras:: one with an alarm al
tachment was collected for the mn
scum by DR. Langley in Paris. IT.
consists OF a holl low drum. partly
filed With water, suspended from
an oblong frame by two cords. the
lower ends Of which are wrapped
about the shaft OF the drum. When
the cord is wound 9 bout the shaft.
the rum is at the top OF the frame
and if released would descend
8 goes. were its speed not regulated
BY the action Of the water which
flows slowly through a series Of
seven compartments within He
drum. causing a drag or3counterbai
ance 10 the action OF gravity The
i ends of the Shaft act as indices
( pointing to the hours marked on the
frame. ~, s
The date Of the intro ductioni of
clocks worked by weights is nor
definitely known. but it is supposed
that they did not appear unit the
thirteenth or ourtcenth century.
and that John MeEestein 90 Goloenes
invented the escapement &. The miii
scum displays a numb OF these
4 clocks, including a shipts clock
which rings bel Is In sea going
style.
Portable timepIeces appeared
shortly after 500 as the invent ion
Il Of Petpr Hen1ein of NuremberE.2W who
employed a long ii bbon steel spring
4 to drive the mechanism Of his
watches. Y. iss
The mus cum coll ction OF watches
and movements numbers several
hundred, and illustrates the devel-
sopment OF the mechanical part Of
the fatch. making il possible to
compare the work OF many early
Swatchmakerst Of this and other cotln-
tries. Z:
Some men Won t reform m Less
the can make con essInn ith
4 brass band scom6an