davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19
WHEAT RAISING IN VERMONT.
OFrom the Bennington BanncrJ

(From the Bennington BanncrJ
It has been known for more than a cen.
fury that Vermont soil would grow big
crops of wheat but in recent years not "a
large amount of this grain has been pro-
duced in the state. In the pioneer days
each farmer raised his own whea' when
was ground at the village pristmill for
family use. with the opening Of tho vast
wheat lands in the west and the dliryin,
in Vermont the raising of wheat in this
State has been almost entirely abau-
doncd. The success of John Souircs of
bennington, who has just complctod tho
harvesting and threshing Of .ol bushels
of wheat from four acres Of land. will lc-
call the days when every farm I'm tho state
had its wheat field and when tho Grain
was standard crop in the state. some
wears ago the oWnor of q good water uow-
or at Jericho built loUr mill and on
deavorcd to induce the farmers in that
vicinity to go into wheat raising. lie t5l'
them that they could obtain larger returns
from their land per acre than the wheat
farmers OF tho West and produced I'M,
statistics to provo his contention hut he
failed to make much of an impression.
Most Of the land H. the West available for
wheat Is now under cultivation ana with
the steady increase IN population the time
Is coming when the nations bread basket
must look for its filling TO othe. sections
of the country With wheat selling at
more than a dollar bushcl ana little
prospect that the price will again drop
to that figure it would seem that there ere
openings in Vermont that have not vet
been seriously considered
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19

they grow more successfully, and the
young roots are more piable and adapt
able to their new home In planting
(set them about L. feet apart, spread
out the new roots horizontally, filing
in carefully with the earth around the
roots, and afterwards firmins the sol.
on top to a hard surface. For single.
tree planting, hole four feet deep and
six feet in diameter should be dug out
and filled in as described above Cor the
hedge, Certainly, no trees add greater
distinction to a lawn II proper speci-
mons are obtained than the many
varieties Of evergreen, and as tail hedges
for ornament. or for use as shelter and
windbreaks they are unoXcclled
When sheared into shape for heGse
purposes, the handsomest OF all he
native evcrgreens is the hcmlock CTsuga
Canadensis). 1t is very open, feafnery,
and stately, when allowed its natural
growth. and standing alone, graceful.
hut vigorous, on a wide sweep of green
lawn. AS a single ornamental specimen
of evergreen. noted for it's beautiful
deep-Green foliage. silvery beneath, and
contrasting admirably with the lighter.
leaved specimens. the Nordmann's fir
tree tNordmanniana) is deservedly noted
1t is good grower and much in de.
mand for beautifying open spaces
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19

OF advantage because early winter lay
ing is possible only when ACCOMPANIED
ny early moulting. This means a late
summer or early fall moult which IS
natural with pullets that We're Matched
fairly early and that have been kept
laying.
For birds hatchcd later and those that
for any reason moult in July, n forced
moult is sometimes employed, the hen
being made to begin her moult earlier
than she would naturally. This may he
effected in several ways. some of which
are more rapid than others The advis-
ability Of this expedient has often been
questioned. Many maintain that it is
harmful. and authentic records seem to
prove that while the next LAYING period
may he advanced, the egg Weld for the
year usually is considerably diminished
This might he expected inasmuch as the
rest period is shortened by high feeding
The higher price received for eggs com
pensates In part. however. for the re-
duced Weld, Whether or not this is a
harmful practice. depends considerably
upon the rapidity of the moult
The theory of forced moultinC is that
by reducing flesh sufficiently, the feath-
ers become dead and loosen. and, there
fire. drop out more quickly: then By
feeding literally. new feathers are grown
rapidly, the body built up, and laying
condition restored
SECURING \ FORCED MOULT
The most radical method practiced
consists of combining the hen and feed
ing her from one-quarter to one-half of
what she would ordinarily require Even
this limited ration consists Of the foods
least fattcnng, such as oats and wheat
bran.
Both males and females moult earlier
If they have been confined for consider
able time. Fancers who want to exhib-
II at the fall and early winter shows
make use of this fact to assist them in
getting candidates for these honors in
fresh, new plumage.
me production of both featkA's and
eggs require much the same kind of
nourishment; which is perhaps the real
explanation of why hens in heavy moult
seldom lay. II a ration sufficiently rich
to form both feathers and eggs rapidly
was provided, the digestive machinery
would soon collapse and neither feath-
ers nor eggs would be formed Thus,
whether the hen forms feathers or eggs.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19
SEEDING TO ALFALFA.
Preferred by stock and Poultry to Any
Other FOrnge (rOus.

This is one of the best months for
seeding to alfalfa, and as this valu-
able crop is difficult to get started, the
thorough preparation # the soil IS Of
vital Importance. Alfalfa requires a
loose subsol, as standing water soon
Kills the young plants The manner
of procedure is to provide good drain.
age; manure at the rate of twenty
tons per acre; plough deeply. following
with sihsoil plough and diskng thor
oughly. going over the piece both
ways. The disking must continue at
short intervals for at least two weeks,
and longer whore the season permits
The last week spread raw ground lime
stone at the rate Of two tons pc" acre,
or one and a half tons Of agricultural
limo or one ton Of quicklmc work
ing It in carefully with a smoothing
harrow
BACTERIA AND FERTILIZER.
In seeding new piece Of alfalfa II
Is necessary to inoculate the soil with
alfalfa bacteria either by broa casting
$50 pounds of soil from an alfalfa field
or by inocuating the seed before plant
ing with Farmogerm, Next apply Il
mixture of the following commercial
fertilizer in the proportion Of nitrate
of soda 80 pounds, acid phosphate $50
pounds, and muriate Of potash 100
pounds lacking potash, use 700 pounds
OF unleached wood ashes. II grain
drill with a seeder attachment Is used
4 a inst tho IN
seed in front Of the hoes. drill in the
fertilizer at the same time. The seed
should be covered deeper than that of
red clover; and, the sowing done. %
over the piece with a roller. Alfalfa
is characterized by it's vigorous deep.
growing tap root. which frequently
reaches a depth Of eight feet. The tap
root grows without many secondary
roots nearly to the end. where it d.
vides into a few hranChed roots Of
about equal size. Thus the Importance
of loose subsoil becomes evident and
on we'll drained land the roots Of
healthy alfalfa plants penetrate a hard
clay when not prevented by a perma :.
nent water-table
The grower of alfalfa should know
something of its habits Of growth. The
little seedlings send up n single STEM
but Is they grow older erect stems
arise from the crown. O.d plants de-.
Nelop from three to twelve stems; the
portion of these stems
elongate slightly and gradually the
crown becomes branched On these
branches new stems and roots arise
Moving the plant causes new stems
to start, both from the crown and from
the remaining portions Of the clipped
stems The flower is purple and usu-
ally from six to a dozen blossoms are
borne in a receme, which. as the flow
er natures, forms a headlike cluster
In purchasing alfalfa seed examine
carefully for dodder, which somewhat
resembles lima bean, only it is much
smaller; it terminates in the soil. but
the plant soon attaches itself by suck
ers to the alfalfa plant. and eventual
~ kills IT,
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19
FIND GIANT T.rrr.r.

Small boys playing ou tile oauks Of
stephens branch in Ban" discovered n
giant 'fia asi'op on TIL rocks in .hc
m'd6' "' the stream With tho aid Of n
cf"".'N pole the turtlp-catchars were
tow tho reptile to tho shore. 4
a. '' l-lh0h Of moss on tho big fellows
ifl', spoke moro clonuontlv than any
t..in certificate Of his age. When ar
lnj"rcd ON SGT Of scales at nearby
grocery store, the member from stephens
branch tipped tho beam ut Is hounds
Not IN several months has a larger rep
r"sentative of the turtle species been
caught In Barre. although several weeks
ago II. :. Parks and f. F Harrington
captured a terrapin I'm Williamstown gulf
that pushed the scale lever up to the
2r-pound figure.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19
PLANTING EVERGREENS
How and When to Plant.

There has been discussion as to the
best time to plant evergreens, many pro-
fessionals Contending that spring is the
most satisfactory time But late Au-
gust is also preferred by many people,
and is a safe month, as the roots are
then allowed plenty of time to secure a
hold on the soil before winter. When
the trees to be transplanted arrive from
the nursery, the greatest care should be
taken that the roots are not exposed to
the sun. AS is generally known, the
roots of evergreen trees are full of resin,
and so dry up quickly with the slightest
exposure to sun and air the roots,
therefore. should have as much soil as
possible left around them. and be wrap
ped Immediately in a wet canvas bag
until ready for planting.
1t should also be remembered that
trees of the evergreen variety need much
more moisture than the usual deciduous
kind, as they are in leaf the whole year,
and are thus giving out moisture through
their leaves when other trees are rest
ing, There must he plenty OF water
transmitted through the trunk and roots
all year. and good drainage facilities
are therefore, absolutely necessary.
HOW TO PLANT
The simplest way to plant hedge Is
to dig a. trench some 3 l-2 feet deep and
fully feet wide, filling the first foot
of space with tile or small stones, and
perhaps a few ashes which allows the
requisite space for drainage, Next put
in with the top downward some messy
sod and, after that, fiji in with rich
soil from the garden, mixed with one
quarter its quantity Of wel-rottcd and
thoroughly pulvcrized manure. 1t Is
best to set out young plants for n hedge
not more than three feet high, as then
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19
CAN SHE MAKE A CHERRY
PIE?
Plant Few Cherry Trees aud Try 1,

There is always the alternative Of
sending down to the corner grocery shop
for quart of sour cherries, but in that
case the chances are that the rosy, Juicy
pie Will never fully attain to the SUI
premc deicacy it was intended to be.
mus the wiser plan is to grow cherries
on the home grounds and in dctermin-
ing upon the right number OF trees to
plant figure upon l25 quarts for an
aN"rage-sized family. and to produce this
amount some six TO eight trees viii
suffice.
cherry trees differ in size and shane.
ana sweet cherry trees are as large or
larger than apple trees, growing erect
ana straight in branch and trunk. the
hafk IL reddish brown and pees off in
S'rlps around the trunk and limbs
sour rh'flN trees, on the other hand
are much smaller are apt to be low ana
spreading, irregular, and somewhat
crooked For those who prefer dwarf
trees they may be had in either Of two
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19

she must be supplied with a small but
| appreciable amount of mineral matter
| and a liberal supply of protein, because
feathers are found to contain both miner
al matter ana protein. 1t then becomes
apparent that feathers and eggs are
not so different in composition as form
ana appearance would lead one to be-
licvc.
CONDITION OF THE SKIN.
y soft, oily skin is favorable to a rapid
and healthy growth of feathers and hens
or other animals may be fed to promote
such condition. To secure this, "A lib
eral supply of such fat containing food 5
as beef scraps, oil meat etc. are often
| included in rations for moulting hens.
oil meal is not especially palatable and
should be used sparingly possibly one
part in Is or 20 dry mash as commonly
breeds beef scraps may be fed in hop
pers, thereby effecting a saving, as
fowls soon get sufficient quantity and
are not continually picking over the dry
mash for bits of this animal food. vast
ing grain to save scraps. When mixed
in mash. 10 per cent is a fair proper
ton.
To those who would take advantage of
forced mouths, word of caution is due.
Do not reduce rations abruptly. Fur
thermore, do not reduce them to the
extent that the fowls constitution is
impaired. Rather depend upon confne-
ment and a selection of feeds that have
little forcing or fattening tendencies,
This would mean the elimination of food
especially rich in either fats or protein;
for example. beef scraps, corn, oil meal
etc. Select those that in themselves
form more nearly a maintenance ra-
ton; such as oats, with wheat bran, and
sufficient green foods. always available
during the moultinG season. Give enough
Of these to maintain health. with the
assistance of free access to the grit and
shell hoppers.
The general welfare Of the birds should
he looked after. Males should be eX-
cludcd from the pens. AS the hens are
timd and tender while the new fcath-
ers are growing, fowls in moult should
not be caught They should be placed
in a building which has been recently
thoroughly cleaned and disiniected with
a mite eXterminator and should be
thoroughly rid of body lice before mout-
ing begins.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19

ways by proper pruning of standards
or by negotiating with reliable n,r-
scrV. only budded or grated treoe
should be used. and it will be hest 70
use only trees budded or grated from,
bearing parents Trees on native Wild
Mazzard roots are harder than others.
and for the North are the only satisfor.
tory kind to plant Where cxtrome
hardness is wanted orchardists rocon,-
mend the use of Mozzard' OF More,lo
roots, crown grated, with six-inch
scions. the young trees always beinp
planted so that only the top bud of the
scion ON each is above ground
LOCATION IMPORTANT.
Sour cherries. as rule, do well vhor-
ever apples thrive Sweet cherries. on
the other hand, are apt to freeze north
of southern Vermont ana seldom bear
further south than North Carolina. ey.
cept whore planted in a high altitude In
general, sour cherries prefer n low n,
flat country. while sweet cherries rio
better in high rolling sections. All cher.
rics do well in almost any sHl which
is not too wet but they prefer n ngh,
sandy loan. In applying fertilizer abou,
the roots of sweet cherries avoid using
nitrogen, as they are apt to grow too
fast naturally in congenal surroundings
The following varieties are good--swoet
sorts include:
Black Tartarian, black. carly. sweet.
Goes Transparent, amber, early, ex-
celent.
Downers red midseason. good.
Gov. Wood, amber, early. fine
Lamherts, red. midscason, fine
The sour sorts inCud.
Montmorency, red, midse ason, fine.
Morello, red, late, rich
May Duke. red early, rich
Refine Hortensc. Red. early. fair.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19

Jealous .,,i,a,.o. =, ,r.,,,,,. .t TO-.
ing season is ,of,or ros,,orsitia Co., a,,,-
stitutional voal,,c.s ,,,d c,,.,,iloe, ,,ra
ductlo,, of oo,s f., ,,.i,.or ,-,,n,,,, go
of fine LAYING fov.ls d,,,i,,,, ,h. ,,,,,,,,.,,,,
noriod will o., far, ,o,,.o,l i,,.,,,.i,,,. .,,f
itab1o lavinc il, tho .oc,,,1 ,oor
Tho ,,oul,,,e r,,i,, g. ,,~,, ,,...
,bon ,,,os, ,,,,,.,,,,s ,,,,,,,,a., ... .,,. n..
.ta,o I, lii.o1,. 80 ,, ,..,, - +.
n ,r,,d,,,l ,,ro,,,.. ,,,,.i .,,r.a
fire, , f,u. 90 .h, ,,.,..,. $500 49,.
ont ono 90. .,., o ,i,,.
se,so, ,d,.a,,,...e .i ,,,,,,,. ,',,,',., ..',..
,a,id q
Wbue tho co,,ls a,., i, ,io,,. ,,,,,,,i, .,o
hons rrohai,l, u.if ,,,',i,,., . 49,. 49,,
1a,i,,,, ,oror.i,,. o.,,., ,,,.., - ..,~,.
,,,oul,ire b,..;,,, .rhi,. &, ,,.,,s., a.. ,,.'
dro,s tho ,,,,.- ,e .,,,.,u 80. ,.,,,.. c.,.,
orc proi,,oi,,r 81 ,o,t., u, 1870.
only r,tards ,b. ,,,,,,,tt,,, ,,o,;,,1 ,,,,, :,
also i 1il..1,. ~ ,os,,,, t., ,,..,,,.,,,
and ,.iror
,,o.. -.-. .... ..-.--
i|A7 '''r'E No'\ hH'
ordinarily the moult begins in midsum-
ncr and continues, from first 70 last.
hoout three months, although the mo-
tccapIe moult may not last longer than
SIN weeks men that begins TO moult
III July should ne newly h"dgod In oc-
toner II the moult is delayed the fowls
aHected VIII he exposed to considerable
1nclement weather without natural pro-
1eouon' and unless unusually comfort
able quarters are provided they are al
'''S' yer '"'' " S""er I'o'' "isoase from
1o+o ,,,o,,,.i,,,r ,o,,,,. ,,,,.,,.. T. 49,. 49,
.rl, .. - d,.,ro =. ~. 49,. ,..
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19
DEAN OF STATE PRINTERS.

Albert II. Cobb of Rutland enjoys the
distinction of being the oldest active
printer in the state Of Vermont He was
born in Randolph IN Is35 and mas worked
at the ease" for ca years. He was fore
man for the Rutland Daily Herald when (
was established III 1861, remaining for
two and half years, and for SIS years he
has been with the printing. binding and
hooEscllnE department. of the company.
He enjoys good health and does not in
tend TO reIinQuish tho stick" and COM
posing rUle for a life Of retirement
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19
HERE AND THERE AMONG
THE FLOWERS.
Additions, Nasturtiums md Pnnsies.

! Additions, Nasturtiums md Pnnsies.
| Spraying roses encourages the starting
and swelling of buds. which is one rea.
son why this operation should be per-
| formed every evening. Grated roses
! make great efforts to push new buds
from the top Of the base, and every
shoot Of this kind should be removed
as soon as it appears. This is also the
time to keep the hoe busy to prevent
| the cracks and fissures in the soil and
the caking Of the surface. When plants
droop. water them freely, either in the
early morning or in the evening
For garden or greenhouse culture.
ADDITIONS may be as strongly recon-
mendcd as any plant. They bloom every
month of the year. and their culture is
as simple as that Of geraniums. Ambition
cuttings strike their roots very freely
with little bottom heat in winter and
early spring. and in summer they are
easily rooted in a closed frame. II is
customary to root the cuttings early in
the summer by placing them i'm pots in
sheltered. shady. spots until the roots
develop. and Towering them i'm five or
siX-inch pots, or planting them in the
open ground The pot-Erown ones should
be pinched back. which secures bushy
shape, while older plants are cut back
almost to the ground when they have
finished Towering. or, if large plants are
wanted, they may be kept growing.
Nasturtiums do best in rather poor
soil. a rich secd-bed encourages plant
growth at the expense of flowers. In
! trimming lawn edges, cut along a tight
ly drawn garden line or the edge of a
plank. In the case of an edge being
damaged, repair it by cutting out a
square sided turf at the injured spot
and replace the sod with the damaged
side inward. and then fill in the cavity
with good soil. and scatter some seed
over it.
PANslEs AND HOW TO INCREASE
THEM
Lovers of pansies who are planning to
increase their beds next season may do
80 now by taking cuttings or by dvid-
ing the clumps Both of these methods
are used where there happens to he n
collection of choice sorts. For cuttings
the best shots to use are those which
push up from the centre of the plants
in summer and carly autumn. With
care. these shoots may sometimes he
removed from the parent plants, with n
few roots attached. Soil suitable for
cuttings should be composed Of n mix
ture of light sandy loan in the proper
ton of one part loan. one part leaf
mould, and one part coarse sand.
Whichever sized pots are used, they
should be half filled with drainage
, Place the cuttings in the pots. and set
thcm in a sheltered. semi-shaded spot,
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19

black In all sections except the neck and
upper part of breast each feather Of
this section being edged with white.
They have legs only about an inch and
a half length. and the wings are car
ried dropping almost to the ground. Tho
tail is very long and stands up along
the back and past the top Of the head.
These bantams may be kept success
fully in limited quarters. They eat lit
tie and are easily cared for. The hens
are good layers.
Gray Japanese Bantams should not ex-
coed 20 to 81 ounces in weight for fe-
males or - to o6 ounces for males.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19

do away with refuse around the place,
especial care being used in and about the
piggcry and poultry yard. In and around
the house the first step toward reducing
the numbA- Of flies is to screen the doors
and windows effectively, and then to
swat" every fly on sight and if neces-
sary to resort to the use Of fly paper; it
Is surprising how quickly flies are de-
stroyed when "A vigiant outlook is kept
on them. The fly is not only n nuisance
TO animals and human beings but 1t
spreads disease and filth as well as is a
menace to health, and should not be toll
Grated especially when their extermina-
ton is such simple matter.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19
Gray Japanese Bantams

When the Japanese bantams were first
introduced into England, and thence in
to America. the only varieties were
fish fanciers developed the attractive
Gray japanese Bantams, shown above.
In color they are like the Birchen Gray
Bantams.
The male has a silvery white neck
hackle, saddle hackle and top of wing.
The balance Of his plumage Is lustrous
srecnish black. except the breast, each
feather of which is laced or edged with
silNery white. The female is intense
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19

them from roofing, and a tool to pinch
them up which is also necessary Then
the method Of procedure Is as follows:
Gather the long flight on the first join,
of wing and half Of the next joint
Get them even, so that the two outer
feathers do not bind or pull. which
causes irritation to the wing. Next
pinch a ring tight around the bunch Of
feathers close to the edge Of the wing
Gather up the retaining flights In two
sections. The rings may be removed
any time by the use of wire-cutters
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19
% ATTEND FOREST CONFERENCE
STRUCK BY 40 POUND STONE

James H. Cordiner Of Barre. aged 81
Years. helper Employed at the Barclay
Brothers granite plant suffered a frac-
turc of tn" lower right leg Aug. Ia when
Whii" pushing boxed stone Weighing
>y pounds along the trestle used in carry
Ing Ston" ON the siding. the stone slipped
ana fen upon him Fellow workmen
rescued him
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19

You have to master your own faculties
You have to solve your own prob.
lens.
You have to form your own ideals.
You have to create your own idea ls
You must choose your own speech.
You must govern your own tongue
Your real life is your thoughts
Your thoughts are of your own making
Your character is your own handiwork
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19

Andrew =. Felker state commissioner
of Agriculture of New hampshire has an
nonCed that cattle from only three
states. Maine, New Hampshire and Yer.
mont, will be allowed at exhibition fair.
in New Hampshire during the coming fall
The action is taken because of the recent
epidemic of the foot and mouth disease
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-08-19
COPYRIGHT. 1915.

During the moultng season the ra-
tons of the fowls should contain ma
torial that will enable them quickly to
form their new feathers and at the same
That egg production may not be delay
Cd too long. In this article Professor
Smith gives suggestions for the care of
poultry during this critical period