davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The evening world., 1915-03-17

IT HE new attendant stood 0entlY
At tho door Of the looal pactuEe
gallery. Presently . vtsltaE
strolled up and was about to sntee.
when the attendant seised HIN ~
the arm and asked him for his wpzk-
Ing stick. Ia. 80
MY walking s..ckr sxclaimed -
man. astonished. Il hsvs not got SaAr
Then you must . aAd ~ 80
replied TIE attendant ~ erdego
are not 70 allow any eae 70 en1m
withoug lsaving his vAl1i1G ot4ak NJ
me.s-kanas Clty ~ta1. S5
The evening world., 1915-03-17

Our Stock RepLete With the Seasons Snavtes STRIFE Sts
Priced From $zl7S 70 $3.50. ....
Evening star., 1915-01-10
Col. Rogers and Phil Kearney.

A FEW weeks ago the Rambler
~ wrote the story of a trip over
Alexandria and Leesburg pike from
Fairfax Court House to Chantilly and
of little journeys along some of the
roads which connect that historic pike
with the equally historic Warrenton
turnpike. to the south of it. 1t was
about the time of the ffty-second ami
versary of the battle of Chantilly,
which was fought September l, 1862,
and the Rambler visited the spot.
marked by big piece of rock. in a
field south of the hamlet of Pender
where Gen. Phil Kearny was killed.
A magnificent equestrian statue was
recently unveiled above Gen. Kearny's
grave, at Arlington, with splendid cere-
mony. The day after the dedication of
Evening star., 1915-01-10

manse at Lynn not far from where it
falls into the sea. so long as salt shall
be boiled to supply the wants of the
said church.
Later, King Edward I visited the town,
in 1921, and, making it a royal borough,
bestowed upon it its double name and
presented it to his Queen Eleanor.
The Importance of the town in time
of war was evidenced in 1927, when Ed
ward III addressed d very stringent writ
to the mayor of Lyme Regis and com
munity commanding all letter bags
named packets" to be searched. the
king suspected treason in his household
and court. His suspicious were very
shortly after verified.
The cobb is first mentioned in 1928,
when the townsfolk petitioned King Ed
ward III for a tariff upon all goods en-
tering or leaving Lyme Regis in order
to rebuild structure called lie cobbe,"
which had been broken down by the sea.
In 1886 the king directed the mayor and
bailiffs not to send ships singy against
the French fleet, which was at that date
Evening star., 1915-01-10

on-the- James, after the removal of the
Belvoir Fairfaxes from Virginia.
The Rev. Bryan Fairfax, an Episcopal
clergyman. from whom the American
Fairfaxes are descended, went to Eng
land in 1898, esta blshed his rights to
the title of Lord Fairfax, took his seat
in the house of lords and returned to
his home, Mount Eagle. near Alexan-
dria, Va. He was rector of Christ
Church, Alexandria, and is buried in
Alexandria.
Before the departure of George Will
liam Fairfax and his wife for England
there was an autcion at Belvoir. The
place was thus advertised in the Phila-
delphia Gazette october 10. 1774:
ITO be rented from year to year for term
Hon; George William Fairfa1; esq.,; upon the
is of brick two stories high with four convenient
five and large passage on the second.
servants hall and cellar below. Convenient TO
it are offices. stables and coachhouse adjacent
is a large we'll furnished garden stored with a
great variety of fruits, all in good order. Ap-
pertaining to the tract on @ Which the house sss
several valuable fisheries and good deal OF
clear land. The terms may he known Of Col.
Soon after the publication of the ad-
vertisement the house was destroyed
by fire.
If you walk to Belvair from the end of
the electric car line at the east gate of
Mount Vernon your way will carry you
past the west entrance to Mount Vernon
with its picturesque lodges at the gate.
This was the entrance which the Wash
ingtons used. 1t opened into the old
road that led north to Alexandria,
Georgetown. Baltimore and the east, and
the road leading to Dulnfr:es, Fredericks-
burg and the south. The Washington
family coach, bound to church at Pohck
or to Christ Church, passed in and ont
of this gate
Your road to Belvair will also. If you
desire it. lead you by the site of the
Washington mill on Doque run, and by
the house the foundation of which was
built rom stone taken from the walls OF
the mill. The foundation of the mill
is traceab BILE and above the mill site
stands the mil!er's house, which has
been re-weatherboarded and otherwise
renewed several times since the Wash
ington millers lived there.
Evening star., 1915-01-10

upon the spot where that stone rests
today there was an old building in the
3Os and 40s. and that one of the ten
ants of that building was James 5.
Gunnell. physician and dentist. Look
ing this up, the Rambler found that
DR.. Gunnell, in 1927, had an. office on
the north side of Pennsylvania avenue
between 9Th and 10th streets. and in
a directory for 1S43 is this: James
S. Gunnell. surgeon dentist. north side
Executive way between 18th street
west and Lafayette Square, near Laf-
ayette Square" DR.. Gunnell seems to
have found that location too far up
town, and in 1853 he was again on the
north side of Pennsylvania avenue be-
tween 9th and 10th streets.
In the 1860 directory is this:
Headquarters Defenses of Washing
ton, Corner Fifteenth and Half
Street-General Heintzleman."
According to the 1865 directory the
site appears to have been occupied by
the office of the assistant adjutant
general, Maj. C. H. Raynor.
Evening star., 1915-01-10

the enemy. They were to go in convoy
to Gascony, keeping a sharp lookout for
the enemy on the way. very much as
craft sailing from Lyme's cobb must do
at the present day.
For a second Tina the cobb was swept
away, and for the second time the king
this time Richard II, was petitinned TO
lend his aid. because the great frontage
of the sea exposed them to the malice
of the enemies if any purpose to arm
here" The French We're at this time
ravaging the coast. and had even set
fire to part of Lyme Regis. A third pc
tition was made for the repair of the
cobb to King Edward ". This was
granted, and the queen. Katherine, gave
further extension of freedom from taxa
ton for fifty years. stipulating that the
town during that time should keep the
pier or cobb in repair at its own cost
Lyme Regis and its cobb played a
valiant part i'll the destruction of the
Spanish Armada in 1858. At this time
it possessed a ffty-third part OF all
the shipping of England. Even Lon
Evening star., 1915-01-10
sOMlE, FACTS ABOUT TEA.

"Capers.' Indian" 'Moyone," ''Oo-l
long, Assam and Java
To produce green tea the leaves are
gathered young or mature. preferably
mature, and while still fresh are roast
ed over a wood fire. To produce black
tea the leaves are piled up for a num-
ber of hours, until fermentation sets
in, and then are slowly dried over a
charcoal fire. The curious tang which
black teas have and which green teas
have not is the result of fermentation.
Chemistry and analysis have shown
that tea contains many things which
the tea dIinker does not hear about.
First of these is the essential oil of
tea, which. though present in the foli-
age of the plant, is most conspicuous
in the seeds of the plant. In color it
is citron yellow. lighter than water,
and carries in it a strong odor of the
plant. The next ingredient is theme
an alkaloid which is present not only
in tea but in mate, from which a tea
like decoction is brewed, and also in
the kola nut.
In large doses theme is by some ex-
perimenters accounted a poison Many
men have experimental with 1t, and
generally they say hat it causes hal
lucinations, desire to sleep or sleep.
lessness and greatly quickened pulse.
One experimenter alleged that he had
taken twenty grains of theme a day
for long period without other effect
than slight elevation of spirit Ex-
perts differ on this subject, as on most
other subjects. No case of human
fatality from theme poisoning is of
record, but some experimenters have
written that they have killed cats
with it.
Among the other ingredients of tea
are boheic acid, tannin, gallic acid,
oxallic acid. chlorophyll, resin, wax
matters. 1t also contains substances
called quercetin and quercitrinic acid
When adulteration of tea was com.
moner than it is now the favorite
adulterants were beech leaves, haw-
thorn leaves and the leaves of tho
camellia. the sassanQua and chloranthua,
Evening star., 1915-01-10
TOWN SURVIVORS BATT1EsP FORMIDABLE

~ NE of the most historically inter-
I esting of the seaport towns Of
W England is Lyme Regis. which ten
lays ago received fifty of the survivors
VI the crew of the Formida BILE, the Brit
sh warship sunk by a German sub
marine After thirty hours of sea
,osure, during which ten men sue
.uInbed. the sailors beached their life
,oat at Lyme Regis, the Dorset watering
place on the south coast of England.
They were undoubtedly assisted in that
anding by the safety assured TO arriving
raft by means Of the famous cobb, the
great curved sheltering seawall which
1as .one valiant service in many previ
,uS times OF war to those who have
IouGht its haven.
The quaint old town nesting snugly in
:ie sheltered angle of land where Devon
ind Dorset meet on the coast of the
English channel holds it's charter from
;he eighth century, when the Saxon
aing Cinwulf. in T9i, granted to the
Monastery of Sherborne 1.-THE land of one
Evening star., 1915-01-10

don, that present mighty mart" had
not six times many vessels. Said
one valiant chroncler of the time
Lynn has a cobbe or peere wherein
shyppes may aryve, having fayre wind
and bringing the tyde with them and
no danger"
So to defend England against the
assaults of the dreaded Armada five
'shyppes" went forth from Lyme Regis
to meet the Spanish fleet. One of them
was the Revenge, which bore the bIav-
est commander of that day, Sir Fran
els Drake. 1t is said that a fierce
Regis.
Harassed by enemies from without.
1t had also to fight it's foes within, for
during all these early years it was
deep. dark cellars beneath the ancient
Buddle bridge, under which the sea
washes at high tide, which could tell
many a bloody tale aud reveal the
ure. Tie attention of King James
was called to this state of things. and
he refers in a letters patent, dated Au-
gust %, 1910, to the sufferings of the
men at Lyme Regis. Translated. it is
follows: "Forasmuch the n
habitants of the said town are of late
much impoverished by Pirates on the
sea and otherwise, now know ye that
wee rendering the good of our said
town, and of other of our loving sub
Jects. in distress of weather or of
PyrateS, or upon other occasion may
be presumed. by reason of lie said
harbour. commonly called the cobbe, do
grant twenty pounds by the year for
twentyone years"
Again. in 1855. Lyme Regis and it's
convenient cobb played a prominent
part, for it was here that the Duke of
Monmouth landed from Antwerp, when
he returned to assert his claim to the
throne of England. In Lyme Regis he
fingered a few days tenanting a house
still standing and named in his honor
Monmouth House. He gathered about
him a strong following. for he marched
out of town with suppo.- of 5000
fighting men. After his defeat a few
of these followers returned to the cobb
for their execution. One rebel who
Joined the forces of the duke at Lyme
Regis, but was lucky enough to escape
with his head, was Daniel De Foe the
author of Robinson Crusoe."
During the eighteenth and nineteenth
centuries Lyme Regis dwelt in peace,
it's soft climate, beautiful rural sur
roundings, good bathing beach and
safe harbor, now seemingly perma-
nently restored, making of it the health
and pleasure resort it is today. One
of its distinguished denizens was Field
ing, the father of English literature"
who Wooed Sarah Andrew, a rich heir
ess who dwelt in Tudor House. still
standing, but with it's exquisite interior
oak carvings recently sold to an Ameri-
can millionaire. Fielding did not win
his suit, but he immortalized the lady
in the beautiful character of Sophia in
'Tom Jones'"
Jane Austen made her home for
Evening star., 1915-01-10
s lr(=WITH S(5HE RAmBLERzzzseeefSkz

and was second in command at Vicks.
burg. where he was again captured.
He was afterward for several terms a
member of Congress from Alabama, 5
was also Col Bratton from South Caro-
lima.
Now to my story. Col. Bratton was
a most lovable man. and between him
and me, then scarcely more than a boy.
a warm friendship sprung up. This
particular night of which ! speak, Col.
Bratton, with mis- left arm broken by a
rifle bullet. was seated with me on that
porch of the hospital. and this story
he told me near as l can give II
after all these years:
when our army came up the penin-
sula from Yorktown. all the way up
to the Chickahominy my sharpshooters
acted as a rear guard, and We were
picking off your officers wherever We
could get a chance. There was one of
your officers in your advance who rode
a white horse, and was always in front
of your men. urging them on. My men
tried day after day to get him. and
Evening star., 1915-01-10

the memorial the Rambler met in the
woods of Rock Creek Park genial
gentleman who had been present az
the Kearny statue ceremony. and who'
sitting on a rustic bench near Pierce
mill. fell to talking of the imposing
event he had so recently attended at
Arlington. and he told the Rambler
story which ought to be of general
interest as we'll as of particular inter
est to the friends of the narrator. COL
William Edgar Rogers of Washington,
and to the friends of Gen. kearny and
two Confederate officers Col Rogers
leaned back comfortably on the rustic
seat and between meditative puffs on
his cigar told the story which follows:
splendid things were said of Phil
Kearny by all the speakers: OF MS
soldierly qualities. etc, but to me. as l
sat there and listened. there foated
back, on the swift wings of memory.
an incident which illustrated phase
of the generals character which had
not been touched. For a moment or
two, seated in the Arlington amphi-
Evening star., 1915-01-10

his agent, Benjamin Borden. Borden
became involved with Gov. Gooch in
land frauds. and in 1884 Lord Fairfax
sent his first cousin, William Fairfax.
to Virginia as manager of the 100000
acre realm patented by Charles II to
Lord Culpepper. from whom it de-
scended to Fairfax. Lord Fairfax was
related to Eleanor Harrison, who be-
came the wife of Col Henry Washing
ton. the defender of Worcester. who
was related to the Virginia Washing
tons. Fairfax was also related to
Cromwell's good soldier Fairfax.
William Fairfax came to Virginia in
1884, settled on the Potomac. and be-
tween 1884 and 1886 built the house of
Belvoir. He had served his sovereign
in the wars of Queen Ann. and been
chief justice of the Bahama Islands
and governor of the Island of New
Providence. At the time of his Vir-
ginia mission he was collector of the
port of Salem, Mass, the town of Haw-
thorne, the Pyncheons, Mauls Well and
the House of the Seven Gables. Fair
fax's first wife was Sarah Walker. Il
Massachusetts woman. They had four
children, who were George William
of George Washington: Thomas Fair
fax and Ann Fairfax. who became the
wife of Lawrence Washington, George
Washington's half-brother, and after
Lawrence'S death was married to
Lee.
X
Sarah Walker Fairfax died in 1871,
and the widower married Deborah
Clarke, daughter of Col. Bartholomew
Gedney of Salem. and widow of Francis
Clarke. There is, or was, a few years
ago, portrait of this estimable wom-
an in the Essex Institute at Salem,
Mass. She died at Belvoir in 1747, and
her grave Is one of those unmarked
hollows in the woods. Her character
and influence on young George Wash
ington are commented on by all the
students of the youth of Washington,
AS the consort of William Fairfax she
had three children. These were Bryan
Fairfax, friend of Washington, who
established his claim to the title OF
the eighth Lord Fairfax after the
American revolution, and who was the
progenitor of the present Fairfaxes in
America. William Henry Fairfax
(killed before Quebec in 1850, and
Hannah Fairfax, who became the wife
of Warner Washington, a first cousin
of George Washington.
Belvoir, died there in 1857. aged sixty
Fairfax, left Virginia in 1774. and died
at Bath, England, April 3, 1897. Many
letters have been preserved which
passed between George Washington
and George William Fairfax, and be-
tween Mrs. Washington and Mrs. Fair
fax, who was Sarah Cary of Hampton
Evening star., 1915-01-10

inscription on the stone there is De
signed and Presented by the Stone Cut
ters Union of Washington. D. c.. the
Cornerstone of the Memorial Bridge.
which in Connecting the Nations Cap
ital with Arlington Shall Ever stand as
a Monument to American Patriotism.
Dedicated the 9th Day of October 1902.
During the Thirty sixth National En-
campment of the Grand Army of the
Republic"
The actual work on this stone was
done by the following Washington
stonecutters:
James F. Early. David W. Sage. al
Thorp, J. ]. Sweeney, Frederick S.
Connor. John LouXman. Edward Casey,
Charles Tobin, William Burns, James F.
McHugh. Edward Conner. Harry Humes,
John Hinbach. E. Louxman, J. Connor,
jr.; William Gibbs and S. Kline. The
dedication ceremonies over the presen-
tation and acceptance of this stone and
the flow of eloquence on the subject OF
the Memorial bridge have been re-
viewed by the Rambler.
The Rambler has been told that close
Evening star., 1915-01-10

and historically, to Mount Vernon, be-
came matters of wide pubilcltS Inc
old estate lately came in for mention
a good many times as an instruction
camp for National Guard engineer OH
GERS and as the scene of certain inter-
esting military experiments.
Belyoir, in the colonial age. was one
of the great estates of America. In
pre-revolutionary annals reference 10
il appears as often as to Mount Vernon.
Hampton, Westover, Mount Airy and
other notable places of the valleys OF
the Potomac, PatuNent, Rappahannock
and the James. Belvoir was the home
of the first Fairfax to settle in Virginia
the Honorable William Fairfax
Belvoir is of rare interest to all
Americans because of the relation be-
tween it and Mount Vernon, and should
be of engaging interest to all men be-
cause it was the seat of government OF
Fairfaxland. the domain of that family
whose pretensions based on royal pat
ent first brought the title king into
derision in the American colonies, hrst
caused the colonial settlers to scorn
the authority of the British monarch,
and first precipitated a bitter, serious
and general conflict between arlstoc-
racy and the commons.
Belvoir and Mount Vernon are SO in
and kinship that it would be difficult to
tell of the history of one without re-
peated mention of the other. 1t is pos
sible, and by some authorities consid-
cred probable, that had there been no
Belvoir, George Washington would not
have become the father of his coun-
try. Washington Irving says of Will
liam Fairfax that he was Washington's
''paternal adviser; Deborah Fairfax, a
New England woman of sterling char
acter, is credited with d most whole
some influence on Washington, the
youth, and Thomas Lord Fairfax is de-
scribed by Irving 'as in some degree
the founder of Washingtons fortunes
Had there been no Belvoir, George
Washington might not have come to
live at Mount Vernon, might not have
been appointed a public surveyor,
might not have gone on d mission from
Dinwiddie at Williamsburg to the
French commander on the great lakes,
Evening star., 1915-01-10
A Historic Corner.

A LONG time ago the Rambler called
6A attention to the big, time-stalned
block of stone in the southwest angle
of the governments vacant lot at the
northeast corner of Pennsylvania ave-
nue. and Madison place. This lot, sur
rounded by a wooden fence, three rails
high, supported by wooden posts, is IA
miIiar to every Washingtonian The
Evening star., 1915-01-10

~ ELNOIR. which lies about six
~ teen miles below Washington
ID0 on the Virginia side of the Po-
- tomac. has had more frequent
mention in the press during the past
year or two than in the preceding CEN
tury. The purchase of the tract as
reformatory farm for the District OF
Columbia and the successful protest
against its dedication to this use be-
cause of its nearness. geographically
Evening star., 1915-01-10

miles south of Mount Vernon. If one
would visit it there are two ways-road
or river. BY wagon road 1t is SIN miles
from Mount Vernon. Much of this road
is little travelled and twists through
dense pineland to the bluffs that over
look the Potomac. The road winds for
three miles through deep shadow:
there is but one clearing along the
way
The mansion house of Belvoir was
burned about 134 years ago. Forest
trees grow where the house stood, but
one may walk upon the ruins and trace
the foundation walls of the old pile.
White oaks, black walnutS and
beeches rise from mounds of broken
brick and brambles twine around the
place. Thick. woodland mold covers the
ruin, but here and there brick, plaster,
mortar and glass lay exposed In other
parts of the wood are mounds of brok-
en- brick marking the site of smoke
houses. coachhouse, stable, dlstlllefy
and other outbuildings.
Two hundred yards north of the main
ruin, where the forest growth is heaV-
lest and the shadows gloomiest, the
wood is pitted with hollows. These are
sunken graves. There is nothing to tell
of the beings whose bodies were buried
there. In one of those graves lie the
bones of William Fairfax and in another
those of Deborah, his wife, but which
graves hold these relics is not known.
The graves were once marked by
stones in the usual way. DR.. Newt. now
deceased, of Accotink, a hamlet four
miles distant, once told the Rambler
that long before the civil war he saw
these gravestones in the woods. He
served four years in the Confederate
army and on returning home looked
for the stones. They were gone. Not
a chip nor trace remained.
Descendants of the flowers that
bloomed for the Fairfaxes in their
eighteenth century garden are grow
ing around the ruins and have spread
over wide area of the woods. This is
conspicuously the case with the jon
quils. Patches of these flowers, half
an acre in extent, occur at intervals.
They grow SO closely that the wayfarer
really wades through them and they
bear gigantic crop of golden bios
SONS every spring.
On the river shore to the north of the
Evening star., 1915-01-10

ruin is a brick building that was oc-
cupied by the Fairfaxes as an office IL
is now occupied by colored man, ROD
ert TAFT. and his family, and TAFT mann
tains in the window of the house
lighted kerosene lamp for river naV1-
gators to steer by at night.
Altogether. Belyoir is a place where
ones fancy may weave as irreguiarly
as the vines and brambles that make a
jungle there. 1t inspires memories as
melancholy as the forgotten graves
Evening star., 1915-01-10

q MAN may drink many cups OF tea
"A and yet learn very little about
e y tea He may entertain a great
many ideas on the subject and give
loose rein to his fancy and his prefer
ences or his prejudices, yet he may
have a very imperfect knowledge,
which is no knowledge at all, on this
question which touches millions OF
homes Tea is large subject, with a
long literature. The photography
relative to tea and theme is an ex-
tensive one.
Natural teas are not numerous. but
the combinations or blends made from
the few varieties and the fiavors given
the natural varieties by the varied
processes of curing and preparing tea
for market are many. In the first
place the tea of commerce is the dried
leaves of different species of the plant
"thea," which is a section of the genus
Camellia OF the botanical varieties
of thea the principal ones are thea
Rohea, thea viridis, thea sinensis. thea
Assamica and a few hybrids derived
from combinations of these varieties
Theas Bohea, viridis and sinensis are
native Chinese teas. and thea Assamica,
as the name indicates, is a native OF
Assam.
The commercial varieties of these
teas are dependent on blending and
curing Nearly all the teas which
men and women buy are mixed or
blended In some, the leaves are gath
cred while they are immature. some
are gathered when the leaf has become
mature, and some are harvested when
the leaves are not only mature, but
have become rather old. Some teas
are dried over a slow but bright wood
fire, some over a greenwood fire, and
some. after fermentation has set in,
are dried over a charcoal fire. Tea is
green or black, according to the treat
ment it has been put through after the
leaves are gathered. Among the gen.
''Gunpowder." "Hyson,' Cougar"