davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Putnam patriot., 1915-07-09
FLYER AMERICA IS SAFE.

Commander of Big Aircraft Denies
 Rumor of Her Loss.
 New York-A oahlegram has been received hy the Transatlantic Flight Committee ol the Aero Club of Ameri. ca from Lieutenant John C. Porte. the pilot of the large flying boat America saving that the report to the effect that the America had been sunk and that he had lost his life Is unfounded. The cablegram was in reply 10 a message sent to Commander Porte by William D Cash
Putnam patriot., 1915-07-09
Nichols Is Engineer.

Nichols Is Engineer.
 New Hsven.-R. C. Kelsey Of westbrook was chosen president of the State Shellfish commission at a meeting held at their offices in the Chamber of Commerce building By unanimous vote of the commission Charles H. Nichols was elected to the position of consulting engineer. By the appointment of F. Frank Lock wood of Greenwich and Frank W, Rowlev of this city as members of fhe commission two vacancies have been filed It is not likely that any more changes will be made
Putnam patriot., 1915-07-09
The Humble Toiler.

You must put your shoulder to the wheel in this campaign" said the alert manager.
 T understand that" said the ob- seure but willing worker But you want to let me know when you're go- ing to change your mind about going ahead The last time I put my shoul- der to the wheel the band wagon sud denly backed up and over me. ."- Washington Star.
Putnam patriot., 1915-07-09
Mean Brute!

"A woman can't be in two places at the same time" snapped Mrs. Gabb. She can't eh?" growled Mir Gabb. T notice that she can be in the house and out of it at the same time when certain people that she doesn't like ring the doorbell and try to call on her"
Putnam patriot., 1915-07-09

Valuable Trinity Church Property.
 The land al the lead of Wall street. on which Trinity church and cemetery stand. comprises a plot Sel feet long by 2Z7 feet broad valued at si7,0o0,- o00.
Putnam patriot., 1915-07-09
TO STUDY EFFECT OF WAR.

Carnegie Peace Emissary Win Visit
 South American Nations.
 Washington Alter several confer. enees with officials of the State De partment. members of the Soutt American diplomatic colony and Direc tor General Barrett, Of the Pan=Amert can Union. Joseph Wheless will sail from New York fer Buenos Ayres. as an emissary Of the Carnegie Peace Foundation He has been holding con. ferences with respect to his proposed visit to Argentina.
Putnam patriot., 1915-07-09


 HAY AND STRAW-Prime timothy sI I25Rl2 30. No. | Sl 20; No. 2, S1.l5, No g. sl 05al lU7lA: clover. Sl-004 l5. Oats sfravy n1fnfnaI Rye straw T527It2c
 Live Stock.
 BEEN XES-Dressed baef Tn fair demaId at lIls uas4sc per lb Tor ordinary to prime native sides, little extra l4c. CAL x Dressed calves active. city dressed veals l44171ze per Ib; country SHEET AND LAAIB-Sheep lewes1 sold al S50Ss per loo lbs; wethers sl; lambs Sl1. Dressed mutton nrm al S9 1sc per lb. dressed lambs 1411Sc.
 H8GS-Pr5me heavy hogs. SIsfa9l S0s heavy mixed. S7 S54 ! 90; mediums, heavy workers light workers and pigs. Ss-Q9e9 So5; roughs, S6.09oQ 660i stags, s5.eeg
Putnam patriot., 1915-07-09
Oh Is. lls hione Notl

Some day. perhaps. a public hene- factor will appear who will design mems hats to suit their faces.-La- fayette Courier.
Putnam patriot., 1915-07-09
Watch Our Show un,n Byron D. Bugl1ee Windows

mat a change in policy by the United Stated is imminent
Putnam patriot., 1915-07-09
THE MARKETS
fN.u York wholesaIe PrIess.l

MILK-onelal figures have been abol- quotations.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13

full Of milk by sucking with the lips.
Quickly place the forefnger over the
upper end Of the pipette. before the
milk runs down below the mark. II
the finger is dry, 1t is easy, by chang
ing the pressure on the end Of the
tube, to let the milk run down slowly
and to stop 1t exactly at the mark.
The tip of the pipette Is placed In the
top Of the test bottle held in an in
clined position, and the milk is al
lowed to run down one side of the
neck Of the bottle without filling the
neck completely. In this way exactly
1s grams G7.6cc.) of milk are trans
ferred to the test bottle without loss
The beginner should practice samp-
ling and testing milk until he is well
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13
Disinfecting Stables

In any outbreak of infectious disease
among animals thorough disinfection
OF the premises Is essential to prevent
Ing the spread Of the contagion. Ger
tain substances, such as fresh slaked
lime or unslaked lime in powder form,
chloride OF lime, carboltc acid, cor
rosive sublimate, formalin. formalde-
hyde gas, and compound solution Of
cresol possess the power of destroying
bacteria with which they come in con-
tact To make the use of such sub
stances of value. however. the work
must be done with the utmost thor
oughness. Careless disinfection is
probably worse than none, for it
merely serves to give false sense Of
security. 1G@y's5 ksts tSz@5 75t5f
In the tdisinfection Of stables and
premises the following directions
should be carefully observed: * .
l. Sweep ceiiings,- side walls, stall
partitions, floors, aud other surfaces
until free from cobwebs and dust.
-. Remove all accumulations of
filth by scraping, and if woodwork has
become decayed, porous, or absor bant.
ttfshould be removed, burned, and re-
placed with new material. FE Il
8. II the floor Is of. earth remove
inches from the surface, and In places
where it shows staining with urine
sufficient depth should be replaced
t. expose fresh earth. All earth re-
moved should be replaced with earth
from an uncontaminated source or
new floor of concrete may be" laid,
which Is very durable and easily
cleaned. 1
4. All refuse and material from
stable anG barnyard should be re-
moved to place not accessible to
cattle or hogs and covered with freshly
slaked lime. If this manure is spread
on fields, it should be turned under
Immediately. While the wood should be
burned
s. The entire interior of the stable,
especially the feeding troughs and
drains, should be saturated with a dis
infectant, as a 8 per cent solution Of
compound solution of cresol (U. S. P.),
which would be ounces of the com
pound to every gallon Of water. 50
The best method Of applying the dis
infectant is by means of a strong spray
pump, such as those used by orchard
lists. 100
This method is. efficient In dlsin-
lection against most Of the contag-
ious and infectious diseases of ami
mails, and should be applied immedi-
ately following any outbreak, and, as a
matter of Grecaution, it may be used
once or twice yearly.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13

At Left-In pouring acid into the
test bottle, incline the bottle little, to
avoid splitting acid on the hand.
At Right-To mix the acid and milk
whtrl the bottle in circle until the
contents arc of uniform brown color.
acquainted with every necessary step.
He should be able to make several tests
on the same sample of milk which do
not differ in reading by more than one
or two tenths of per cent.
The milk in the test bottle should
not be warmer than 60-70o F., just be-
fore the acid is added. Milk fresh
from the cow must be cooled before
acid is added. Fill the acid measure
up to the mark and pour into the test
bottle. Hold the bottle in a slanting
position so the acid will run down the
neck and under the milk. Rotate the
bottle slightly. Mix until the liquid
in the bottle is Of a brown color. Place
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13
Potatoes 81; as Hog Feed

On account of, the low price Of po-
tatoes in many sections. farmers have
been seeking information, as to the
possibility of feeding them to hogs.
Many experiments have been con-
Quoted in Germany and other foreign
countries as well as a few In the
United States to determine the value
of potatoes as feed for swine. In Ire
land and Germany farmers feed large
quantities of potatoes annually. From
experimental data 1t has been con-
cluded that 4 to " bushels of pota-
toes when cooked are equal to- bout |
bushel of corn for putting gains on
hogs. Therefore. if corn is worth 50
cents a bushel, potatoes When fed to
hogs would be worth oniytI rs 'or+cO
cents a bushel. There may, however, 4
be instances where 1t would be mo-e
advantageous Tor the farmer to feed \
to hogs right on his own place. at least
part of his crop rather than to haulG
these potatoes to an already over
loaded market. ~ ..r.s.-.-sg ,as
According to- the concensus Of opin-
ion, potatoes are, fed to, the best ad.
vantage. when, cooked or steamed an&as
mixed with other feeds. Experiment
in which raw potatoes were fed aloneS
nave been reported. Z In certain In
stances the raw potatoes are said to
have caused scours However, raw po-
tatoes in small quantities and In diet
lacking suculence may be CONDUCIVE So
health, in pigs s., =, -
IN cooking potatoes only enough wa
ter should be used to make a meaiy
mash and prevent burning. The re-
sultant meal should then be mixed
with corn meal or other grain supple
ment. Tankage.t skim milk, or meat
meal would probably add to the profia
of the mixture. Potatoes when pre-
pared in the manner described and
under the conditions. mentioned can
often be fed to pigs, with advantage.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13

Sow winter wheat after the Hessian
fly has disappeared and save next
years crop from the ravages of the
pest. This advice Of the experts may
still be applied In the great wheat belt
lying between the thirty-fifth ana
forty first parallels of latitude. If the
fly has been starved out by burning or
disking all stubble and ruined wheat
fields, and all volunteer wheat has
been plowed under or otherwise de-
stroyed, an infestation the following
year may be prevented by sowing after
the approximate fy-free rate.
The Hessian fly of the second or fall
generation is likely to infest all volun-
teer wheat and ali wheat sown before
the f1y-free date. ''FlaXseeds" of the
second generation remain on the fall
sown wheat plants till the following
April, when adults issue and produce
young which begin another season OF
infestatio The adult flies OF the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13

all the bottles In the. centrifuge and
whirl for five minutes. Stop the ma
chine gradually. Add hot wa; or to
the bottles with the pipette until each
is full to tho base of the neck. Whirl
aga lin for two minutes. Add hot water
until each bottle Is full within an inch
Of the top. Whtrl again for one min
ute. The bottles are then taken out Of
the machine and the per cent OF fat
is read from the neck of each bottle
while still hot. By the aid of dividers
the per cent OF fat is read directly
from the neck of the bottle.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13
CLEAN WATER ESSENTIAL.

An i'm portant- factor in dairy feed
ing is the supply Of water, In the
summer with plenty. OF grass and
green forage, and in the winter with
roots and silage, the consumption of
water is relatively less than when tho
COWS are on dry feed, but cows mu
always have plenty of pure, ICES.
water if they are to produce pure
milk. Unless the pastures and yards
are watered by q brook or = spring
the water should be procured, from q
we'll, kept clean and not subject to
surface drainage, and free from for
e1gn matter and taints Of any xind
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13

and stopper tightly to prevent evapo-
ration. After stirring the milk again
for short time, take out another
sample, pace it In another bottle ana
stopper tightly as before. If the milk
was thoroughly mixed each time, these
two samples will show exactly the
same per cent Of fat by the Babcock
test, provided the test bottles are &C
curately marked on the neck. Label
the bottles with the name of the COW
or owner.
The small sample taken for the test
must contain exactly the same proper
ton Of fat as the entire contents Of the
pail or can If milk stands for even q
few minutes, the cream will begin to
rise, and the TOP layer on the can will
contain more fat than the rest of the
milk. If the top part is used for the
test, it will indicate higher per cent
Of fat than is present in the entire lot
Of milk. It is incorrect to take a sam
pie for testing out of a pail, can or
bottle without first thoroughly mixing
the milk by G firing, or pouring it from
one vessel 10 another. When two
people get di.-erent results In testing
any lot Of milk, it is usually because
one or both of them did not first stir
the milk long enough to get it thor
oughly mixed before taking the sam
pie. In eny case where the accuracy
of the results must be proven, 1t Is i'm
portant that two or more separate
samples be taken at different times
while stirring. Each sample should
then be tested by itself If the results
differ, it shows some error in the work,
and if the difference is over one-tenth
Of one per cent the sampling and test
ing should be repeated in more care
full manner. -.ss. ..
If it is necessary to keep the milk
samples several hours or days before
testing preservative should be added
to prevent curdling. and the bottles
should be kept tightly corked.
Thoroughly mix the sample to be
tested, then draw the pipette nearly
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13

At Lcft-HeSsfan Fly LarVa In First
Stage At Right-Larva in Second
Stage.
second generation emerge from
the "f1ackseed'' stage from tho
middle of August to late October, ac-
cording to the latitude. The female fly
does not live beyond or days, and
thus it is that late sowing, after the
flies have largely disappeared, is the
most practical and effective method
employed to control this pest.
According to experimental sowings
carried on for a series of years. the
approximate dates to SOW winter wheat
to avoid the Hessian fly during years
of normal rainfall have been deter
mined There are some points with
regard to these dates which all farm
ers within f1y-infested districts must
take into account. They should be
familiar with the conditions of their
own localities, as to weather, soil. and
latitude. They should also be familiar
with their own fields. Dry weather re-
tards the development of the fly and
also that of the most important of its
natural enemies, precisely as it re-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13
4 YATERMELON SYRUP
of Agriculture Out Method f
Ilzne Surplus Delicious Table sv

Wnere cider press Is available the
nieions can ne cut into pieces and ar
ranged on the press so that the pres
sure VIII extract the juice of the puIp
oelore IT presses the rind Ths Juice
OF the rind is not so rich in sugar, and
experiments with rind Juice alone in
oicate that 1t Is not suitable for syrup.
II Is desired to make syrup free
rom RED particles. Start the syrup
polling, and when some OF the coasu-
iated matter has been removed bv
Swimming transfer the Juice to tall
glass jars or other tall containers and
allow 1t to settle. and cool for a few
hours This allows the red particles
70 settle to the bottom. The upper
part OF the juice can then be poured
OF and boiled into syrup.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13
CONTROL THE HESSIAN FLY
Protect Wnter-veat Belt from
Year-Late Sowing Effective.

danger that the plants will not make
sufficient growth to Withstand the win
ter. This objection. however, may be
largely overcome by proper cultural
methods Much of the delay in the
growth of lste-sown plants In the fall
can be eliminated by paying close at
tentfon to the preparation Of the soil
and to the quality Of the seed. The best
advice that can be given is to begin
the preparation Of the feld in the fall
precisely an though it was expected to
sow at a very early date, but instead of
sowing use the disk harrow and the
roller. even after it appears to be a
waste Of labor to till the field further.
When finely pulverixsd, compact
seed bed has been secured, the seed
should be selected, and this should be
done with the point In view that un-
shriveled or otherwise i'm
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13

7 IN delicious table syrup can be made
,from watermelons, and 1t affords 10
tho farmer, according to specialists, a
convenient means of using the surplus
watermelons which otherwise are al
lowed to spoil In the field. Such syrup
has been made by farmers In q small
way in various parts of the South ana
the United States Department Of Agri-
culture endeavored to work out exact
methods of making it as a possible
by-product from surplus melons. This
syrup can. begused Immediately or can
b bottled hots In sterilized jars and
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13

The Babcock Test has served as the
necessary stimulant to raise dairying
from dislilled side line to profess
sion worthy of the efforts Of we'll
trained men. 1t has placed dairying
on a scientific basis, has promoted fac
tory efficiency and has stimulated the
breeding up Of productive herds.
Ten necessary steps in making tho
Babcock test are as follows Mix the
milk thoroughly and take out a small
sample. Do not let the sample evapo-
rate or curdle before testing. Fill the
pipette to the mark with milk. Empty
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13

That the group Of BIRDS IN "n'.n
ara inc,uded robins and bluebiroe--oo
a great deal of good and very nt.'c
harm TO agriculture, IL the conciuslon
reached by Investigators VINO navo
"a rafuI,v studied the food hapits "a
these birds. Altogether there are
Within the limits of the United States
a,.y.n species of thrushes, hve OF
which are commonly known 10 49, a.
and bluebirds. The other SIX inciuuo
the Townsend solitaire, the woou'
yeery, the gray-cheek. the Ve'aoA'
and the hermit thrushes.
The robins and bluebirds nest close
70 houses, and even the shyest OIL the
o+her snecies are content with the Sc
clusion Of an acre or two OF wooaiana
or SWAMP For this reason these are
among the best known and most care
fully protected of native American
birds, and at times their numbers pc
come 80 great that 1t IL feared tney
will do much harm to crops ana rruN'
Recent Investigations, however, snow
that there is very little ground for TINS
fear. On the 9th er hand, they Destroy
such a vast number Of insects eacn
wear. that it is probable that without
them many crops would suffer serious
damage.
OF all the thrushes, the robin IS
probably the best known. 1t has been
frequently accused of destroying fruits
and berries, but it has now been as
certained that this only occurs IN re-
gions that are SO thickly settled tnat
there ia no wild fruit upon which the
robin may subsist. In some years the
bird is a great pest In the olive orcn-
ards Of California, but 1t is prooaole
that they are driven to the orcnarus
because OF the scarcity Of native per-
ries at these times. Where wild frult
is available, the birds seem to prefer
this to the cultivated varieties.
Like the robin, the bluebird Is very
domestic, but unlike the robin. 1t does
not prey upon any cultivated product
or work any injury whatsoever to the
fruit grower. During the fruit season,
In fact, five -sixths of its food consists
of insects. 1t seems, therefore, that
the common practice Of encouraging
the bluebird to nest near houses py
placing convenient boxes In which 1t
may build it's home 10 thoroughly JUS
titled.
The eastern bluebird, one Of the
most familiar and welcome OF our
feathered visitors. Is common 1nnap-
liant Of all the States east Of the Rocky
Mountains from the Gulf Of Mexico TO
southern Canada. In the Mississippi
Valley 1t winters as far north as south
ern Illinois, end in the East as far as
Pennsylvania It Is one of the earliest
northern migrants, and everywhere Is
hailed as harbinger Of spring. Very
domestic in habits. 1t frequents orch
ards and gardens, and builds Its nests
in cavities Of trees, crannies In farm
buildings, or boxes provided for it's
use.
TIE bluebird has not been accused,
so far as known, of stealing fruit or of
preying upon crops. An examination
of SS5 stomechs showed that 68 per
cent Of the food consists of insects and
their allies, while the other 80 per
cent is made up of various vegetable
substances, found mostly in stomachs
taken in winter Beetles constitute FL
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13

kept .5ust - h done In the canning Of
fruit. Il 10 reddish brown in color
yerysswsst and we'll favored, and will
serve most Of the purposes for which
syrup 10 used In the home. It has been
tried with satisfactory results in max
1nG ginger cake, homemade candy and
40 q sWe1toning and navoring In ice
cream. a# Hin 4
A. the specialists point out, while
the Juice OF certain commercial water
melons contain on an average only
about per cent of sugar. or less than
many other fruit juices, the ease with
which the juice can be pressed out
parity offsets the low sugar content.
Tho method described below calls only
for utensils found in every household.
Remove the pink flesh and seeds
from the r1nd of sweet, fully ripe
melons Crush the flesh with a potato
masher or by running 1t through a
meat chopper. Place the crushed pulp
and seed in cloth bags and squeeze
out the Juice, which flows out readily.
About five-sixths of the pulp will
squeeze out as juice. About Is gallons
Of the juice will make l gallon Of
narily be secured from 10 watermelons
weighing from 20 to rs pounds each.
The Juice is then boiled down into a
syrup in an ordinary preserving kettle.
The Juice boils without much foaming
until it begins to thicken, when the
Are should be slackened to prevent
toaming and burning. The red color
Ing matter in the juice coagulates dur
Ing boiling. and part of 1t rises to the
surface, where 1t can be removed by
sskimming. The remainder floats about
In the Juice, forming red particles
which gather near the top. Toward
the last Of the boiling the syrup must
be watched constantly. If the house
wife has a candy thermometer, she
should take the syrup from the fire as
soon as 1t reaches temperature of
220' F., otherwise she should let it
cook until small sample on cooling
Is about as thick as maple syrup.
When the boiling has finished, the
syrup can be set aside to cool in cov-
cred vessels or can be poured while
hot into cans or glass containers and
sealed.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13

At Left-The dividers in the first
position for reading the test. 81
At Right-The dividers in the Sec
ond position.
The mech Of the standard milk
test-bottle Is divided into ten large
divisions, and each of the latter into
five small divisions. Each large dtvi-
sion is one per cent, and each small
division two-tenths Of one per cent.
If the butter-fat fills three large
spaces there is three per cent of fat,
or three pounds Of fat to the hundred
of milk and would be written per
cent. If the fat column covers five
large and two small spaces, the read
ing would be five and four-tenths.
written 54 per cent. s,7
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13

FOuf f1cSSA8n rly LUfVH0 On On0
Stalk. just Changed to "F7axseed"
Stage. @as-
perfect kernels can not produce
wheat plants. When the ker-
mel sprouts 1t at once sends hbrous
roots down into the soil from which to
draw nourishment for the young plant.
and If little or no nourishment is Sc
cured the wheat plants are put into
the condition Of stunted
calves, pigs, or other farm animals
which are underfed.
Wheat plants can not secure prompt
and ample nourishment If the roots
must make their way about among
clods due to poor preparation of the
soil, or in soil that lacks In fertility.
The farmer then, should begin the
preparation Of his soil with the object
Of delaying the sowing Of the wheat
and afterwards Of pushing the growth
of the plant to the utmost until the
beginning OF the cold weather.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-11-13

At the Ohio station silage produced
milk for So cents per 100 pounds and
butter fat at 13 cents per pound. The
grain ration produced milk at $1.05
per 100 pounds and butter fat for %
cents a pound.