The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1915-05-21
WILSON, IN NOTE TO GERMANY
DEMANDS A HALT ON METHODS
Submarine Warfare Which Results In Killing Americans Must
Stop-Declares 1t Subve sive Of Principles OF War.

go much beyond the ordinary meth
DDS of warfare at sea, in the procla.
nation OF war zone from which
they have warned neutral ships to
keep away.
This Government has already taken
occasion to inform the Imperial Ger
man Government tat It cannot admit
the adoption OF such measures or such
a warning of danger to operate as In
any degree an abbreviation OF the
rights of American shipmastecs or OF
American citizens bound ON lawful err
rands as passengers on merchant ships
! OF belligerent nationality; and that ii
must hold the Imperial German Gov
/ eminent to strict accountability for
any infringement of those rights, in
territorial or incidental It does not
understand the Imperial German Gov
eminent to question those rights. II
assumes, on the contrary, that the I'M
periai Government accept, as of
course, the rule that the lives Of noh
combatants, whether they be Of neu-
trail citizenship or citizens Of one of
the nations at war, cannot lawfully or
rightfully be put in jeopardy by the
capture or destruction of an unarmed
merchantmen, and recognize also, as
all other nations do, the obligation to
take the usual precaution of visit and
search to ascertain whether sus-
pected merchantmen Is in fact Of bel
ligerent nationality, or is in fact carry
ing contraband of war under neutral
flag
Rules OF Humanity Violated.
1.-THE Government of the United
States, therefore, desires to call the
attention of the Imperial German
Government with the utmost earnest
ness to the fact that the objection to
their present method of attack against
the trade of their enemies lies in the
practical impossibility of employing
submarines in the destruction of COM
merce without disregarding those
rules Of fairness, reason, justice and
humanity which all modern opinion re
| CARDS as imperative. 1t is practically,
| impossible for the officers of a sub
| marine to visit merchantmen at sea
and examine her papers and cargo.
1t is practically impossible for them
to make prize of her; and IL they
! cannot put prize crew on board of
| her, they cannot sink her without leav-
OF hoe ri ne hAr
( to the mercy of the sea in her small
| boats. These facts, it is understood,
| the Imperial German Government
frankly admit We are informed that
in the instances of which we have
spoken time enough for even that poor
| measure of safety was not given, and
! in at least two of the cases cited not
so much as a warning was received
Manifestly, submarines cannot be used
against merchantmen, as the last few
weeks have shown, without an in
| evitable violation OF many sacred
principles of justice and humanity.
American citizens act within their
indisputable rights in taking their
ships and in travelling wherever their
legitimate business calls them upon
the high seas, and exercise those
rights in what should be the well
justified confidence that their lives will
not be endangered by acts done in
clear violation of universallysacknowl
edged International obligations, and
certainly in the confidence that their
! own Government will sustain them in
the exercise of their rights.
Warning No PaIlliation Of Unlawful
Act.
There was recently published in
the newspapers of the United States,
| regret to inform the Imperial Ger
man Government, formal warning
purpOrting to come from the Imperial
German Embassy at Washington, ad
| dressed to the people of the United
States, and stating, in effect, that any
citizen of the United States who exer-
cised his right of free travel upon the
| seas would do so at his peril il his
/ journey should take him within the
zone Of waters within which the I'M
| perial German Navy was using sub
marines against the commerce of
Great Britain and France, notwith-
standing the respectful but very earn
est protest of this Government, the
Government Of the United States.
do not refer to this for the purpose of
calling the attention of the Imperial
German Government at this time to
the surprising irregularity of CON-
munication from the Imperial German
Embassy at Washington, addressed TO
the people Of the United States
through the newspapers, but only for
the purpose Of pointing out that no
warning that an unlawful and inhu-
name act will be committed can pos
sibly be accepted as an excuse or pal
liation for that act or as an abate.
ment Of the responsibility for its com.
mission.
Attacks "Acts or Lawlessness."