davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-01-09

Eagle said that It all depended upon
the viewpoint at home.
Where you find 4 heavy negro
vote.. then the policy Of the amend
snent Immediately becomes unamess-
.san,' said Mir. Eagle, "but In my
country. the policy under the Sen
ate's amendment is entirely proper
A Representative from Massachu-
setts wanted to interrupt the Texas
member but the latter declined to
yield, He said he wanted to hear no
more Of the negro question from the
view point OF the Cape Cod country,
where they believed in 'soical equal
Its between negroes and whites in
every section Of the country except
Massachusetts, x Mr.. Eagle said there
were many negroes working on the
Panama canal who, in coming to this
country, would not 60 to New York,
Illinois and Massachusetts, but to
New Orleans, Houston, Galveston, the
Texa coast country and other parts
of the south.
~We already have many negroes,
said he, ~We have hundreds Of thou
sands where the sections Of some Of
the negroes champion have only
hundreds With the cotton situation
confronting us, we also have many OF
our negro population dependent upon
US, and we are not seeking any more
TO take care OF. Members OF con-
gress who SO ardently champion the
negroes cause are not compelled to
rub against them while riding in
Washington's street cars, for those
members always ride in their private
automobiles"
E.es cpposes Exclusion.
Representative pies, who opposed
the negro exclusion solely on the
ground that II would endanger pas
sage Of the bill, said that, Of cource
practically all the southern memsers
night lie called upon to vote the
amendment, but that consideration
aught 10 be given 10 the numerous
coed things the legislation would az
complish If the bill went through
as first rassed In the House, he said
1t would exclude from the country an
annual influx of about three hundred
thousand undesirable aliens This
same view was expressed BY Mr.
Jslayden, who added that all mem-
5ers supporting the bill would agree
In the main against Importation Of
members Of an inferior race, hut that
By fnsistin1 upon the negro aIend-
ment he thought success OF the leg
,slation was being imperiled.
Practically all the Republicans were
ready to vote against the bill, and
added to them was a heavy spr!nhl.ne
OI 1EUlOtItttS. lsl Wio tIt OuEut VIZ ~
the debate that about four thousand
negroes came to the United States
from foreign countries last year, c1,y
500 of whom were Of African birth
Mr. Burnett Of Alabama SAID none oi
the negro immigrants went to the
state of Texas, but nearly all went to
northern states.
OF the Oklahoma delegation, Rep
resentatives Murray, Carter and Nor
gan voted against the amendment
while Representatives Ferris, Weaver
and Thompson voted for It. ctser
i0klahomanS were absent.
,su1ncrs Raises Point.
The negro exclusion amendment
vas defeated By large vote. as was
the fate Of the Senate's amendment 70
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-01-09

"The first OF last December de-
cided to try Peruna. MY appetite
improved, and very soon solid foods
could be taken. In two months time
gained IS pounds. Now 1 am
heavier than ever was before. When
l began to use Peruna my bowels
commenced to move at once"
Those who object to liquid medi-
cines can now procure Peruna in
Tablet form.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-01-09

AL the s.x sons Of John and May
Wheatland OF South Croydon, Eng
land are in the royal navy Their
ages ranse from 16 to 81 years.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-01-09
An Ohio Druggist
I'm. Vogsl, S67
May ST., Ahon,
Ohio, svriites:

Through cold
and exposure and
i'm prop er food
during the flood. 4
was taken with
appendicitis an al
a c u tie Intestinal
catarrh. In JuneI
and July my lifel
was despaired OIL
but recovered suf-
ficiently to be upl
and around. Myi
b o W els seemed
paralyzed. Could
anf rn snlifJ fond
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-01-09
TOWEL SUPPLY.

bWela and aprons o, all kinds fur
|saed 1t very reasonable prices. Bee
kfprs Won buy.---I. n CrAys
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-01-09

TcHEN6s, oozing, scaIing salt Rheum
VS. caswd bv Hoods Sarsaparilla,- :
" .gfeai and unequalled remedy foI
Eerr kind al SKIN DISEASE
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-01-09

1.-TWO British girls applied for posi-
bns as Red Cross nurses, but insist
on their mother prefer 1t is Of
bers We nurse
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-01-09

Fer dyspepsia. our national aiiment.
use Burdock Blood Bitters. Recon-
mended for strengthening digestion.
purifying the blood At II drug
stores. I'll 90 a bottle.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-01-09

FyEfg ger cent Of the students in
n Western Reserve University are
,rking their own way through col
ge.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-01-09
srop rAAT couoH-NoW

When YOU catch Cod OF begin g
Cough, the first thing TO do Is to
take Or. Bells Pine-Tar- Honey. i
penetrates the Innings of the Throat
and Lungs and fights the Germs OF
the Disease giving quick reliet and
natural healing Our Whole family
depend on Pine-Tar- Honey for
Coughs and Colds" writes NJ. e.
Williams Hamilton. Ohio. 1t always
helps. Csc at your druggist
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-01-09

A housentid remedy IN america for
% years-Dr Thomas electric Oil.
For cuts. sprains. burns. scalds,
bruises. 25c and soc. At all drug
stores.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-01-09

henever You Need General Tonic
Take Grove's-
,e Ola Standard Groves Tasteless IS
III Tonic Is equally valuable as a
neral Tonic because 1t contains the
III known tonic properties of QUI-
|NE and IRON. Drives out Malaria
riches Blood. Builds ur the Whole
stetn. too.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-01-09

A recnt government report shows
that wages OF farm laborers have in
creased more than those Of city work.
ers in the last twenty years
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-01-09
CITY GARBAGE COMPANY.

Let US furnish you Sanitary
Garbage can and keep It clean for
you. Phone Ss2.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-01-09

Have The XII delivered, l5c mo.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-01-09
EAGLE Supports Exclusion.

Representative Eagle of the Hous-
ton district spoke in favor of adopt
ing the negro exclusion, and since
numter Of speeches had been made
by Representatives from Northern
ftates against uae restitution, Mr
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-01-09

,SurEcrs Raises Point
The negro exclusion amendment
vas defeated By large vote. as was
the fate Of the Senate's amendment 10
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1915-05-13
Campfire wohe|o Ceremonies.

Minnehaha Campfire met for
a Wohelo Ceremonial Meeting
with Valiant, on the eighth day
of the Song Moon. Twelve mem.
bers responded to roll call with
a quotation on Mother. Sew
eral honors we're awarded, O.
jista receiving forty honor beads,
this being the greatest number,
including q big Business
Bead" for having acquired If
teen Home Craft" honors.
An entertaining program was
rendered, the chief topic being
IN t her" Mameguan and
Chippewa gave appropriate reci-
tations. Ojista gave a talk on
How to Create the Campfire
Spirit" and Witawast read some
original thoughts on my Ideals
of a Campfire Girl" Ouaissa
and Minnetoska rendered a pi-
ano duet. Sinopa. of the Buelah
Campfire, played a few selec-
tions on the piano which were
greatly appreciated.
A delicious lunch was served
with the kind help of four "Bue-
lahs.' Owassa won first prize
and Dakata second in a test on
observation by guessing the
names of fifteen advertisements.
Everybody departed with deep
gratitude to Mrs. Cole for 50
generously opening her home to
the Campfire Kids"
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1915-05-13
Use the Newspaper.

If a member Of your family
died would you print the obitu-
airy on a billboard? If your wife
entertained would you send an
account of it to the theatre pro-
gram man? If you we're to en-
large your business would you
advertise in a hotel register? Ii
you were going to have a we'd
ding in your family would you
get out a handful? You would
send such items to a newspaper,
wouldn't you? Then why don't
you put your advertisement In a
newspaper? Every man who
uses q billboard is adding to
nature taking. The newspaper
builds your town.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1915-05-13
Hope High VS.. Coopsrstoxn High Saturday.

The base ball games which
have been scheduled with the
Cooperstown high against our
local high school have had to be
postponed on account of the rain
the last two. Saturdays but word
has been received that they will
be over next Saturday, the 18th.
The local boys have not been idle
however and have been practis-
ing faithfully and promise to
give a good account of them
selves. Come and root!
A practice game will be played
tomorrow (Friday) afternoon at
4:3O between the high school and
the local ex-stars. Everybody
invited. ADV.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1915-05-13
How Mrs. Herrod Got Rid of Her
Stomach Trouble.

II suffered with stomach trou-
BILE for years and tried every
thing I heard of, but the only
relief, I got was temporary until
last spring I saw Chamberlain's
Tablets advertised aud procured
q bottle of them at our drug
store. I got immediate relief
from that dreadful heaviness af-
ter eating and from pain in the
stomach" writes Mrs. Linda
Herrod, Fort Wayne, Ind. OBJ
tainable everywhere.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1915-05-13
UNION SEV|CE At
CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH
Rev. R. Hitchcock Completes Decade Of
Faithful Work In this Community.

Ten years ago, on May 10Th, a
graduate Of the Chicago heolog-
ical Seminary arrived in our city.
He was a tall, thin, young man
with a kindly face and CHEEKY
manner and after looking him
over the members of the Congre-
gational Church invited him to
become their pastor. That their
judgment was good is affirmed by
the fact that he il still here and
the church under his charge has
grown In membership and inhu-
ence and has always been a great
power in uplifting the social,
moral and religious life of our
community.
That man is the Rev. Samuel
Hitchcock; and the members of
his church and the citizens of the
community take pleasure in
sho wing their appreciation of his
labors by holding special services
in his church on Sunday, the an
n%iversary of his arrival.
Following is the order of SER
vice, which starts 1t 1O:45, A. M.
Opening Service
Responsive Reading
Hymn
Notices
Ofsrtory
Ladies' Quartet-''The Little Brown
Church,, Mrs. Alexander, Mrs. Smith
Miss Gulliokson, Miss Tillotson.
Scripture Lesson
Anthsm-s'Hark! HaPk My Soul"
Prayer
Hymn
Addssss-''Ths Sphere of the Church,
Rev. Ch6s. T. Ensign
Solo-"The Plains of Peace"........
Mrs. Hitchcock
Addres-''The Province Of the Min
ister''. Rev. S. Hitchcock
Hymn
Benediction
In the evening a special music
al program will be given which
will include a solo, Lead Kindly
Light" by Mrs. G. o. Smith,. a
duet, "Tarry With Ne" by Mrs.
Alexander and Miss Gullickson;
and q number of selections from
Jerusalem a sacred cantata.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1915-05-13
Don't forget the "Perils of
at the Bijou Saturday.

Pauline" at the Bijou Saturday.
Chris Nelson, formerly one of
the owners of the Billiard hall in
this city, left Monday evening
for Fargo and other points.
Mrs. John Keillor, Sharon, N.
d., makes switches out of comb.
ings and cut hair. Satisfaction
guaranteed. Mail your hair.
A No. 10 Remington Visable
Typewriter in good condition for
sale at a very reasonable price.
Call at the Pioneer Office and
look it over.
Mr.. and Mrs. Thos. Baker,
Sr., of this city left last Satur-
day evening for Fargo, where
they will spend the summer at
the home of their son, Thos., Jr.
Paul Curry, of Port Arthur,
Ont, arrived in this city yester-
day. He will visit here with his
parents and other relatives and
later will be joined by Mrs. Cur
ry and baby.
Mrs. Paulina Grams, who has
been spending the past seven
months at the home of her son,
Ferdinand, left yesterday morn
ing for Minot, where she will
visit at the home of another son.
Hot BED PLANTs.-I will have
on hand for early setting all
kinds of garden plants. Mail or
ders will receive prompt atten-
ton. MARIUs PETERSON,
ltf Luverne, N. D.
Louis Roberts arrived last
week from Tower City and took
possession of the Billiard hall
Monday morning, having pur-
chased the fixtures and good
will from Messrs. Anderson and
Nelson.
AS last Sunday was Mothers
Day" everyone made special eff
fort to go to church. The Metho-
dist Church was filed to capacity
and all present enjoyed a splen-
did sermon suitable for the oc-
casion by Rev. Ensign.
Among those that have joined
the fresh air society is S. D.
Curry who has lately screened
his entire porch. These porehes
will soon be occupied nearly all
of the time as the days are Ger.
tainly improving since the snow
of last week.
There are still some insight
ly piles of ashes, tin cans, and
other rubbish in the back yards
of residences and business
places. 1t is hoped that the
owners will grasp the first op'
portunity to clean them up be.
fore the city takes a hand in the
matter.
DR.. R. J. Washburn went tt
Fargo Monday evening 10 attend
the meetings of the State Denta,
Association which are being hello
there. Mrs. Washburn went
down Tuesday evening. They
had intended to make the TRIP
by auto but were forced by ba6
roads to change their plans.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1915-05-13
Locals
As We a Them


"Perils of Pauline''at the Bijou
Saturday.
G. A. Warner was a Fargo
visitor yesterday.
L. A. Jacobson, of Fargo, was
q visitor in our city the first OF
the week.
o. E. Wakeman, of Fargo,
spent Monday night in the city
with his parents.
Mrs. L. N. Wood has opened
Dress Making Parlors in the z.
G.. Warner building.
Gordon Jefferson, accompa-
MED by his son, Weslie, left for
Fargo Tuesday evening.
Mrs. R. D. Patterson, of Fin
ley, was visiting friends and
relatives in Hope last week.
Automobile and bicycle tires
vulcanized by electricity at Full
mer's store. adv. 7-3ti.)
Having legal business before
Judge Pollock, Atty. Shippy
went to Fargo Tuesday evening.
Formaldehyde, guaranteed 40
per cent, at Is cents a pound, at
Wamberg's Drug Store. (Adv.)
Mrs. Sarah Messenger ar
rived Tuesday morning and is
visiting at the home of her broth
er, Jas. Ellsbury.
Twenty-Five cents buys the
best Dry Cell on the market, at
King & Smiths. Red Seal or
Ever-R Ready. (Adv.)
GOOSE EGGS FOR HATCH1NG.-
Large Toulouse, go cts. a sitting
of six eggs. Atthe Blakely farm,
Route 2, Box 1. 1-tf
A family reunion of the Curry
family will be held at the home
of Mr.. and Mrs. s. D. Curry
some time in the near future.
King & Smith are offering the
best Dry Cell on the market.
Price 25c., cash. Red Seal OF
Ever Ready. (Adv.) &
Cashier'H. P. Rice, of the Col
gate State Bank, was a business
visitor in our city Monday morn
ing.
How about those magazines
for summer reading? Leave
your order at the Pioneer Office
We duplicate any Offer name Dy
a reliable agency.
The union service in the Con
sregational Church Sunday
morning will start at 1O:45 in
stead of the usual hour. Tht
order of service will he fOunt
elsewhere in this issue.
Carpenters have been at worl
the past week on the residence
of John Lofland on Third st
The porch was rsmodeled ant
screened and painters will soo1
be at work giving the house
coat of paint.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1915-05-13
MARKET REPORT
May 13t 1915.
For Rent.

For Rent.
The downstairs to the Wallace
house, on ingalls, avenue. Pos
session given at once.
(Adv.) J. K. JosLYN.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1915-05-13

The Methodist Ladies' Aid
will present their annual home
talent play at the opera house on
Friday evening, May 28th. Full
particulars will be given next
week.-Adv.
1t is quite generally rumored
that there is a new arrival at the
home of Mr.. and Mrs. L. w.
Fuller, of McMinnville, Ore. 1t
may be true aud then again it
may be only a kid.
Miss Clara Brenna who has
been an efficient operator at the
local telephone exchange for the
past year, has resigned her pos
ition and left Monday evening
for her home at Middle River,
MINI.
Mr.. and Mrs. r. M. Cook, of
Colgate, spent Friday in our
city as. guests at the home of
Mr.. and Mrs. S. D. Curry. Mrs.
Cook has recently recovered
from 9 spell of sickness and this
is her first trip away from home
since that time.
A bouncing baby boy ar
rived at the home of Mr. and
Mrs. Theo. Curry on Tuesday,
May 18th. Theodore is smiling
happily and quietly telling his
friends about it. Mrs. Curry
and the baby are both progress
ing very satisfactorily.
Editor H. M. Case came down
from Neville Monday evening
and assisted the Pioneer force in
getting out a couple of rush jobs.
Harry still insists that Neville
is the best town on the line and
is prepared to prove it to any
one questioning the Statements.
The Philathea Glass was en-
tertained in the Ezra Smith
home at a regular business and
social meeting of the class, Mon
day evening, May 10th. Con-
siderable business was conduct.
ed. Dainty refreshments were
served by the hostesses, after
which some current topics were
pleasantly discussed.
The Adult Bible class of the
M. E.. Sunday School, held a
meeting at the home of Mr.. and
Mrs. A. A.. Turnbull. Tuesday
evening. May 18th. A goodly
number of the class was present
and entered heartily in discus
sions of the business and other
interests of the class. Near the
close of the evening the guests
sat down to a daintily prepared
repast.
Miss F. G. Starkweather, who
is working for the Valley City
Chautauqua, was in the city this
week interesting some of our
residents in the Chautauqua
Reading Course. The Pioneer
received a pleasant call from
this estimable lady and are
pleased to acknowledge a pass
and a kind invitation to ourself
and family to attend.
The Count on Me" Sunday
School class was entertained by
Mrs. Ensign at a chafng-dish
party in the church Tuesday
evening of last week. After the
regular business of the class
was transacted the evening was
pleasantly spent in games and
other pastimes. The gathering
closed with a feeling that the
meeting had been profitable as
well as enjoyable.
Miss IRA M. Clutter, daugh'
ter of Mr.. and Mrs. J. r. Clut'
ter of this city, and Albert Gan
drude. of Colgate, went to Far
go Saturday evening and were
quietly married, after which they
phoned homo for the parental
~
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1915-03-24

Use hour Use t-nake
tell It's the utilizing
the should
takes effort
Remember Thrift Club
which could
fail
all things don't
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1915-03-24

NY Called eana 5S an }Tos o n 5 TEN
Few Have @ ennf ana n9 pGoS
DGed The dSnn%td e
DOrtllnity seven districts 1 @
a hvddng eNtH However, nreHke
Hemansa osnnrrto Hm of
du his Vak 6rnOtinp find the
% remain
Situation teaS field has S nsy e qT Ff %
asst feo" @ % g t might s soo folks Will @
proving @ SS $ tie @
wunHAh oncmdnons uveo
&c cramps from
cpnStyto and wroule
is Sc ourgeouly erwoka tina no
ehontdo ofherbn
len You There varies and that is the Knockers A nA is
Ell y Which Rs1nah
ecker @ H s P Rs d aS n@a @ 1tn them @ Members
ar m urnehOn
ne mutsh false mohNs his
econinu hapng about
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1915-03-24

There is one standard that never varies and
the sort of man that will hunt out a mud pudd
at The city which permth them within it's limits
er is usually the most strenuous talker in his neigl
bowls the loudest. Perhaps the same strain runs
the Thrift Club should consider such possibilitie
istlCs evidenced by those who 60 out of their we
est ambition and effort. Just remember that he
neighbor will bear close watching himself, as to
things is mighty good evidence that he himself n
screw.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1915-05-22
LONGYEAR PEOPLE
GET BIG CONTRACT
WILL SINK SHAFT IN SWEDEN FOR
LARGE COPPER MINING CO.
WILL SEND CREW FROM HERE
Gen. Manager N. {. Richards and
Capt. Holman Nave Charge and
are Busy Drawing up Plans

The Il. j. Longyear company have
landed contract TO sink shaft IN
Norway, about fifty miles out of Chris
tiana. for large copper company.
The work will be done under man
agement of the Judson mining COM
pany, and NJ. II. Richards. Genei al
Manager and Captain VIM. Holman are
now at work drawing up plans and or
ganizing their crew to do the work.
AS soon as crew OF about sixty
FIVE men is organized they will be sent
over at once, accompanied by Capt.
Holman, who will go over and start
the work, remaining about two months
until the shaft is we'll under way and
everything is thoroughly systemized.
The most efficient machinery will be
used and the latest methods in shaft
sinking will be adopted.
Great speed is required in sinking
this shaft and it was for this particular
reason that the Norwegian people had
Amer lean contractors bid on the work
as America holds the records for speed
In this line OF work The contract calls
for shaft 12x1S and 100 feet in depth
The company will have no trouble in
organizing a crew as Mr.. Richards
states that many have already signi-
fed their intentions OF going over Mr.
Richards expects to have a full crew
organized before June 10th. around
which time they will leave this coun-
try TO begin work
The f. J. Longyear Co are to be
congratulated over their success on
landing this big contract. which is a
tribute to the world wide reputation
they enjoy Several other large shaft
sinking contractors bid on the job also.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1915-05-22
RIG PRIMARY SCHOOL FUND

Supt OF Public Instruction Fred L..
Keeler announces that the total amount
OF primary school money apportioned
to the various school districts will this
year aggregate s6.l4s000. This was
on hand April 30th. Last year In April
there was s5.095.00O In the safe prim-
airy school fund
There are now S26.424 children OF
school age In the entire state. there
now being 1885 more children OF
school age In the state than In 1914.
Because Of the iai &c fund. Il is es-
timated the state will pay out $40 for
each school child This is the high
water mark for the per capita. II tops
the apportionment Of 1914 by 80 cents.
Last year. the Ann Arbor and PEI e
Marquette railroads did not pay their
taxes until after the school money was
apporlIoned. As result. their taxes
90 IN this years fund. Thus, tho fund
4 larger although the taxes or the 9TH
or Duhlic utilities are lower. The fund
VIII be swelIed still more by reason OF
tAe hlg Inheritance tax paid by the G.
w Post estate Of Battle Greek.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1915-05-22
MIST REPORT ALL FIRES

The state senate finally passed the
Whitley bill requiring trainmen 10 re-
port fires. Senator George William. OF
Calumet. insisted that a train crew,
seeing forest fire. should not attempt
to put IL out. unless II was on railroad
property; II the fire was outside of the
right OF way he said. the trainmen
should only be Obliged TO report Il at
the next station stop. Attempts to fix
this duty OF railroad men stirred up
quite hornets nest Senator Walter
insisted that. inasmuch as the railroads
were responsible for one-half of the
forest fires, the men on the trains
should report them at once. II they
were some distance away. If close by,
they should leave their trains and help
fight them. AS passed finally, the bill
requires railroad men to report fires az
once, where an opei ator is on duty.