Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-07-23
11zE dFAaz2sH S11lza75lE

ZRZ-E or LICLZZs>l<Z =
to catch any of the British ships.
Napoleon, firing of its failure, dis
missed Robert Fulton.
The British were aware of what
was transpiring and managed to open
negotiations with Fulton and invited
him to go to London. They quickly
grasped the fact, as true then as it is
now, that the only defense against the
submarine was to run away. But they
also saw that, If the submarine should
be developed, their great naval
strength would vanish.
They offered Fulton a large sum of
money to pigeonhole his invention and
to return with it quietly to America.
This offer was spurned by Robert Full
ton. but the farseeing English states
men and sea lords of Great Britain
had grasped the significance of the
submarine-that it's success would
mean the humiliation of British sea
power.
The second impetus given to the
perfection of the submarine also came
from England John p Holland of
New Haven, Conn, worked for years
to perfect what was known as the
"Fenian ram" Lieutenant Holland
was an enthusiastic member of the
Fenian clan, whose chief object was
to precipitate a war between Great
Britain and America. 1t raised $780,
900, and with this fund the first Hol.
land submarine was constructed.
Holland used practically the same
fundamental principles that were util-
ICED by David Bushnell The Germans,
likewise, concede to Mr.. Bushnell the
original invention for the undersea
boats
The French began 20 develop the
submarine about the year 1900, fol-
lowing the Fashoda affair, which near
ly brought England and France to
war in 1898. In 1892 England awak-
ened to the fact that the submarines
had been pronounced a success, and
began building submarines after the
Holland type
Germany did not begin to build sub
marines until 1908. Since then it has
carried on an active 'unterseeboote"
program At present the Germans
have perhaps the largest and most eff
ficient submarines In existence.
1t has been reported that their lat
| est models have a steaming radius of
almost 5000 miles. The larger share
| ne fhairRhoats hova a ctaoV,3,,.~ 80 .9;,,-.
of 1000 miles. 1t is with these that
they propose to enforce the blockade
of Great Britain, despite the fact that
England has the greatest war feet
| in existence.
The cost of operation of subma-
rine is small, compared with that of a
battleship. The smaller sized subma.
rines have crew of twelve men,
while the larger size carries not more
than twenty-five.
Through the invention OF the peri.
scope by the French, observations can
be taken of the surrounding sea while
the boat is submerged In an ordinar
lily rough sea the periscope protrudine
above the surface of the water cannot
be discerned from any distance. In
a smooth sea, however, the periseops
! leaves a triangular wake.
Submarines. while going under wa
ter. are submerged about thirty or for
ty feet. The man at the lower enc
Of the periscope tube, with his ey'
glued to the glass, is the center o
the submarines nervods system. Whel
the vessel is not too far under water
he observes the position of the enc
my through his periscope. which con
sists of a series of lenses and prisms
By means of a lever at his right, h
can turn the periscope at will and TAX
in any part of the horizon. His tele
meter attachment tells him how ia
away the enemy's ship is.