davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The broad ax., 1915-09-04
SWTTzERLAND'S
CITIZEN SOLDIERY
United StatSS Nay Follow
Swiss Army Methods

AROw that there Is 50 much agi-
III tation for an enlarged and
IN stronger national defense there
Is special interest IN an ex-
animation OF the army OF Switzerland.
for here Is ''citizenry trained and ac-
eustomed TO arms" such as Washington
advised for the United States and an
idea which has been advocated by
President Wilson.
On Aug. 8, 1914, fOrty-eIght hours
after the Swiss federal council had IS
sued orders for the mobilization OF the
entire army OF Switzerland, 10000
men stood at their appointed posts,
ready to defend the neutrality OF their
country. The accomplishment Of this
feat won the admiration Of even the
much engaged belligerent nations, for
It furnished eloquent proof Of Swiss
military discipline and efficiency.
Switzerland. with a population Of
100000, maintains the largest armed
forced propOrtiOnately Of all European
lands France comes second, Germany
and Sweden next. The per capita cost
Is relatively small because OF a rational
military system which Is both economic
and democratic.
The army Of the Swiss confederation
- a citizen army. Every Swiss citizen
q liable to military service from his
twentieth to his forty-eighth year. The
federal forces consist OF three divisions
II e, the so called auszug, the land
weir and the landsturm. To the aus
rug. or elite. belong the young men up
TO the age Of thirty-two; the landwehr,
or first reserve, comprises the soldiers
from thirty-three to forty years Of age,
and In the landsturm, or second re-
serve, are Incorporated the men from
forty-one to forty-eight years OF age.
No Swiss citizen is excused from
military duty unless he Is physically
unfit or under the stipulated height OF
i've feet one and one-hah inches. Citi-
zens who are liable to do military serv-
ice and who are prevented from full
The broad ax., 1915-09-04

filing their duty on account OF their
residence in, a foreign country are
obliged to pay a regular military tax.
Military instruction Is impaired at
the expense OF the Swiss confederation
BY q special instruction corps, aided BY
the officers OF the higher and lower
ranks. The years recruits are tmme-
diately sent to one Of the schools for
recruits established In different cities
throughout the country. Those intend
ed for the infantry receive a prellmi-
nary training lasting sixty-ave days,
cavalrymen have to remain for ninety
days, field and mountain artilIerymen
seventy-five days, engineers seventy
i've days, transport men forty-tw0
days and ambulance men sixty days.
Since the year 1907, when a new mill
tary organization took place IN the
Swiss army, both the cavalry and al
the forces OF the auszug have to at
tend a yearly repetition course last
ing eleven days.
There are special courses and train
ing for those DESTROYS OF advancing to
q higher grade There Is central NIL
ttary college at Thun for the instruc-
ton OF officers Of the general stan and
another for regimenfal officers. In
fantry instructors receive their train
ing IN a school OF that description at
Basel and there are, furthermore,
courses for shooting ESPECIALLY for Of
- -. g. o~..l.-.Iav.r.. ,u-orsRr 80
The broad ax., 1915-09-04

According 70 the September Won
ans Home Companion September 4
the month for al housekeepeD:
40 make the acquaintance of your
ehildren's new teachers.
10 plan varied and healthfnI school
lunches.
40 see that the furnace and pipes
are IN working order.
ITO do all necessary painting around
the house and fences
40 have the roof examined and ~
paired n necessary.
80 choose ana order any nav van
paper
10 look over the winter bedding -
cover comforts and mattressass
The broad ax., 1915-09-04
Hidden Pet Puzzle.

BY taking the initial letter OF a one
syllable word from each Of the follow
ing sentences and writing them to
gether correctly the name Of a certain
kind Of four footed pet VIII be spelled:
Aim at the sun and you'll reach the
moon
Few gems are as rare as the pearl.
Art is a long and tedious study.
A gentle nag is the children's friend
When given an inch do not take a
mile.
Sweet is the bread one can earn for
himself.
Always look well before leaping.
Answer.-Spaniel
The broad ax., 1915-09-04

Concealing her identity In cap and
stripe for several weeks, Portugal's ex-
queen has been working as a trained
nurse In the Third London general hos
pital at Wandsworth, England.
Entering the hospital as a probation
er and insisting that her identity be
kept secret, her majesty has been
working eight hours a day, performing
all the heavy work assigned to other
nurses Every morning she motors to
the hospital from Richmond
For weeks her patients, not recogniz-
ing the ex-queen, addressed her as plain
"ma'am." Only the sister In charge Of
her ward knew the secret till recently.
The broad ax., 1915-09-04
Earn Dust.

We ffptoed through the forest
One bright midsummer night
And there We found clearing
AgIow with fairy light
We spied q little elf man.
with a tfhy, shiny pail
Ara be was singing. Fern dust
Fern dust for saler'
He sold Us each paflful
To sprinkle IN our shoe
We uaid him for II, gladly.
with a bunch OF meadow rne
And then We heard q rustiinG
al whispering In the breeze
Ara the laughter OF the fairies
VINO danced beneath the treeA
We hitter pattered homeward.
Ard my. but ne felt queerl
For not = soul couid see ~
And not a soul could hear
A. fafry-lIke. We tripod n
And scarcely touched the gronno-
The nngfe fern dust hid rs
And st1led the smallest sound
But when Ne woke next morninGs
The fern dust ali had gones
raH vaulshed with the fairies
n fhs misty light Of dawn.
But We shall md that elf man
with his tiny. shiny pail
Eor ven hear him EinGing. Fem a.
Tmn aust for aalef'
The broad ax., 1915-09-04
TIE BERsAGLIERE
CRACK INFANTRY
ItdIys PIumsd Troops Finest
RifTsmsR N World.

OF the several corps that make M
the Italian army none are more famous
than the bersagiierL naly's plumed
warriors, who are regarded as the
finest infantry ri6emen in the world.
Originally formed in 1886 by General
AIlessandro de la Marmora as q Dor
ton Of the newly organized Sandman
army, they took part In the Crimean
war and acquitted themselves splen-
didly. The dress Of the bersaglieri is
Of the most picturesque type, consist
ing Of a dark blue uniform with red
faeings, but it is the headdress which
Is the soldiers greatest glory. This
comprises a low crowned black SLOUGH
The broad ax., 1915-09-04
Nurseries.

In the scheme Of living where ap-
pearances must be maintained at all
costs, where the keeping OF servants Is
REGARDED as an absolute essential
where the whole aim Is to impress
ones acquaintance. children are too
often regarded as needless Injuries
Where they are permitted 10 intrude,
they come, as a usual thing, In single
numbers, one child being considered
enough Of a burden. In Europe the
women who have followed this theory
have IN many cases seen their entire
famfly swept away and the sad condi-
ton has made the mothers Of America
pause and reflect
When one comes to think Of II, bow
very few houses are built with nurse
ries. Even large homes. rented at en-
orbitaut rates, seldom have 4 nursery
one OF the BEDROOMS has to be given
over 10 the kiddies, but It can never be
made 20 look quite as useful and pref
~ A IL Il had been designed for the
uurpose. The ideal nursery ought 70
Be died an round halfway up the wan,
not cod green dies, but a warm shade
AZ tan OF deep pink. The room ought
10 have attel eupbosrds In Il, 90 that
not an inch OF space Is wasted There
should be fitted guards IN front OF the
windows, 90 that there 3 no danger
a. the hahies falling ont, and tie ire
place ought 10 be large and opea not
- absurd little Affairs that one hnos
- TIE bedrooms Of the ordinary nod
IN house.
The broad ax., 1915-09-04
Sandwiches and Sandwich Filings.

Sandwiches and Sandwich Filings
Honey Sandwich Spread thin slices
OF bread with very thick honey that
WIN not run readily; spread other side
with butter stirred with cream Press
one slice OF each together and cut into
fancy shapes II something tasty Il de-
sired for an afternoon tea.
Baked Bean Sandwich.-Reduce the
beans to a pulp Cred kidney beans pre-
ferred). Mix pulp with melted butter,
onion juice. a pinch OF dry mustard,
few olives or pimentos chopped and q
dash Of tomato ketchup or chill sauce
Spread the mixture between sliees OF
brown bread Chill sauce Il generally
used
Deviled Ham Sandwiches.-To make
deviled ham chop very dne one pint
OF boiled ham (mOre fat than leanl six
hard boiled eggs. one teaspoOnful Of
mustard (the made kind, season and
press In a uold This win keep for
weeks and Is q good filing for sand
Yiches.
Filings for sandwiches are numer-
Gus and nearly always on hand First
there come TIE sweet h1lingz, such a.
creamy Judges Of all kinds. mashed
chocolate creams. maple nllinU, creamy
maple fudge, caramel fudge. candied
ginger as a garnish for outside o. sand
witches, also As a nIling; raisins chop
ped ard mixed with fudge or chopped
and mixed with butter. etc. They
make q good filing. They do not at
tack digestion quite 20 harshly when
used IN this manner and may b used
between crackers, cookies OF bread
With good results and are always liked
By those who use them Second
come the cheese filings. American
cheese and Swiss cheese. and they
nay Be- cut wafer thin and served IA
many ways with pimentos on buftered
bread Nuts and raislns ara popular
now e. sandwich nEllnss, Is are also
ne neat chicken and vegetables IN
hgz
The broad ax., 1915-09-04
Moman's
Charging
Sphere.

At twenty-five a man used to begin
to live. but a woman was on the shelf.
Up to q few decades ago the woman OF
twenty-five, married or single, was
usually passee. II married she for
swore romance and spent her days In
duh and commendable faithfulness 20
kinder, kirche, kueche:" II unmarried
and minus an independent income.
heaven help herl She passed gently
into the maiden aunt stage household
helper In general to any married sister,
brother, cousin that ever wanted her;
subject to cali when there was illness.
dire need, a new baby or busting prep
arations for some important event; to
take errors and omissions meekly and
without complaint. Sometimes she
persisted In being young even at TWEEN
ty-seven and curled her hair and
squeaked her voice to a childish treble
and trained In q set Of kittenish man.
ners for social purposes. She hated
to give up the thought OF ever being
married.
substitute who Is an undeveloped child
under twenty-five. She Is perfectly
willing to marry, but she has plenty Of
interests to occupy her II she doesn't
Moreover. she has plenty OF interests
In addition to home and family when
she does marry.
For there Is one thing that business
and professional interests have done
for the modern woman which makes
them beyond price-that have protract-
ed youth and deferred recognition OF
old age indefinitely. Business and pro-
fessional life do for women what they
have done for men II takes a man
about ten years to put a business on
the level OF substantial success. Some
times It takes more, occasionally less.
The wen planned business life OF the
average man makes the years between
twenty and thirty hard plugging. AT
thirty he begins to have a secure foot
ing, and II he has really lived, II he
has the rich human experience that
falls to the average normal Individual,
he Is a wen rounded personality and In
the prime OF life at forty.
Interesting occupation has showed
ahead woman's prime Of life similarly.
The young bud Of nineteen or twenty
Is only pleasant to look at or to play
with for a little while. From twenty
to thirty. II she Is actively engaged IN
doing something worth while, she Is
developing continually. She Is enrich
ing her mind and personality by actual
contact with life, more real than that
viewed from the safe walls Of a com
Portable home She Is building her
business life. facing conflict daily,
learning self reliance. Her soul goes
unshielded through the fires Of expert
enee- At thirty she Is In the prime Of
life, rich In interest and human sympa-
thy and understanding. For It Is not
alone the patting OF baby eurls that de-
velOps womanly sympathy, but work
ing In the world and seeing and expert
encing what other men and women en-
dure.
woman's life used to be mainly retro
spective. Before thirty she was al
ready engaged In the gentle occupation
OF relterating again and again her
youthful experiences and eonquests.
The modern woman with an oecupa-
ton looks ahead. The past Is to her
only a foundation, and her days are
filed with planning for next month,
next year and ten years ahead
The broad ax., 1915-09-04
A so1DIKE OF THE RERsAaLmRI.

6OA0AAAs VI TIE b1-EAoAoL21-nAA@
hat with a very wide brim and deco
rated with dropping plumes Of green
cocks feathers. Although only paid at
the rate Of one penny a day, the mem
bers OF this famous corps save up their
coppers In order that they may be able
to obtain for themselves plumes OF bet
ter quality and richer hue than those
provided by the government.
Every member Of the bersaglieri Is q
picked man. chosen for his stamina
and strength. When out marching
these soldiers don't walk. but go at
a sort Of trot So well trained are they
and such are their powers of endurance
that they can keep up this trot for
hours. Every man Of them is an ath-
lete, and whether performing the Ordi-
nary functions Of a soldier or going
through the most intricate evolutions
Of military drill, be displays prohcien-
cy and an ability that could only come
from long and careful training.
The broad ax., 1915-09-04

Photo by American Press Association
One Of the features at a recent wa
ter carnival held at College Point, N.
z, was the swimming feats Of Miss
Katherine Brown. the fve-year-oId
daughter OF Commodore Al Brown, the
champion long distance swimmer OF
the world. The little tot not alone
swan a hundred yards in fast time,
but performed some remarkable diving
stunts from a thirty-1ve foot stand
especially erected for the occasion.
Miss Brown has been swimming since
she was three years old and Is consid-
cred a water marvel for her age. She
does not alone use the breast stroke
while swimming. but can use the crawl
and the trudgeon as well. The Illus
tration shows Miss Brown on the div
ing board showing some Of her little
friends how to begin the breast stroke.
No need to say the listeners are paying
strict attention to her advice
The broad ax., 1915-09-04
Riddle.

I may be made Of brass, paper OF
wood. 1 may live for century or be
easily defaced and lost. / am given
as a token Of love, and yet the sight OF
me may cause sorrow. Sometimes l
bold a stream, a tree, a bird and q
bush; sometimes hold only a face. l
NAV look like you or like your friend.
NAV be black or white and so small
I may be seen in your eye.
Answer.-A picture
The broad ax., 1915-09-04
THE MISTER OF CHINA.

Yuan Shin Kai Denies the Reports
That He Eesires to Be Emperor.
The report that Yuan Shih Kai was
bent upon making himself emperor OF
China and thus turning the republic
back to an empire caused quite a stir
and wide comment. Such a course has
been reported as advocated by Pro
The broad ax., 1915-09-04

When darning run the thread around
TIE hole frsf. drawing TIE hole ~ IN
"a the edges lie nat on TIE darner he
Hole WIll seem much smaller. and the
dan en- b mnds nors aafsuf.eloliIy-
The broad ax., 1915-09-04

lessor Frank Johnson GoodnoW OF
Johns Hopkins university, legal adviser
to the Chinese government
But Yuan has come out declaring
that he does not wish 70 be emperor
and that none OF his sons Is At to rule.
This may or may not Be bluf, ana e
remains 10 be seen whether YGan Wih
refuse the lzingly crown II Il Is oilsr-
ed to him. he has certainly On diher-
ent occasions exercised the power Of 9
monarch and an absolute one At that.
Indeed. China Is now republic only
ianame.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-06-18
HEAVY RAINS
IN NORTHWEST
TOrrential DOwnpOur on North
ern Tributaries of the KaW.
The Big Blue Rose IL Feet i'm
Eight Hours.
SEVEN TORNADOES In A DAY
Trees UprOOted and Houses De-
mOHShed in Ellis County.
Much Damage by Wind and
Rain Near Osawatomie.
SEVEN TORNADOES IN A DAY

The leading tributaries of the Kaw
were on the rampage today as a re-
suit of heavy rains Thursday, and at
least a near bank full stage is ex-
pected at Topeka within the next
twenty-four hours.
S. d. (Sunny) Flora, the local
weather observer admits the situa-
tion is serious for more heavy rain
would certainly mean flood conditions
at Topeka. A rapid rise is expected
late today and tonight, but the
weather man feels confident that
there is no need for alarm at present.
The stage of the Blue river at
Blue Rapids was 26.5 feet this morn
ing, a rise of 17.S feet over Thursday.
Low lands are flooded as the bank
full stage is but fourteen feet. The
stage of the Republican at Clay Cen
ter was 1877 feet a rise of So feet
since Thursday. The bank full stage
is 8 feet.
The Solomon is on a tear. The
stage at Beloit this morning was 23-4
feet: 16 feet is bank full stage.
The Smoky Hill is the only big Kaw
tributary that will give no trouble.
The stage at Abilene today was but
six feet.
The forecast calls for fair weather
tonight with increasing clOudiness Sat
urday and showers Saturday afternoon
or night.
The Local Rainfall.
The storm at Topeka which began
TCOntinued on Pa Two
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-06-18

pute any claim that American trade
has suffered. by citing some of Com
merce Secretary Redfield's figures.
To Use Trade Balance.
These figures showing the trade
balance since the war began will be
used by the British foreign office to
show that while the trade with Ger
many has completely stopped, ex-
ports to the countries contiguous to
Teutonic territory are so large that
there can be no doubt that much of
the goods ultimately reached Ger
many.
Although this government has been
told that the British reply is being
prepared. there is as yet no admission
as to when it would be forwarded. 1t
is considered certain, however. that
its representations will be unsatisfac
tory to the administration.
Not to the Point.
The president has decided that COM
plete figures be prepared by the state
department, showing just what car
goes have been held up by the British
and French. In addition. he will
maintain that whether American trade
has gained or lost is not the point at
issue.
What he will insist on is that Amer
ica's rights to freedom of the seas,
whether in freight or passengers, be
recognized
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-06-18
After Closing an Adjoining One
in a Better Condition.
1T HAS EXISTED FOR YEARS
Present Situation Dates Back
Thru Several AdminiStratiOn
Money for Betterment Denied
by the Legislatures.

Another case of the states enforcing
u law against a private corporation
and knowingly violating that law itself
may come to light in the investigation
of charges that the state penitentiary
coal mine is unsafe, unSanitary, dan
gerous and improperly operated. Re-
ports from LeavenwOrth indicate that
mine adjoining the penitentiary
plant was forced by the state to shut
down under the mining act, while the
state mine, claimed to have been in
far worse condition, was kept open.
Charges that the prison mine is
unsafe, have aroused officials at the
Lansing penitentiary. They have also
OccaSiOned much comment among
Leavenworth business men. Now they
recall the action of the state in fore
ing the closing of a mine adjoining
the states property while the state
continued to operate it's own plant in
violation of the law under which the
private mine was closed.
According to statements from Leav-
enworth business men, condition of
the prison mine is much the same
was found under the Codding, the
Haskell, the Jewett and even the
Tom1inson administration. Many of
the timbers placed in the mine have
seen years of service and the various
Kansas legislatures have failed to
make appropriations for betterments.
In fact in the last two years, more
new and modern machinery has been
installed in the mine than at any time
in ten years, according to statements
TContinued from Page Twol
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-06-18
WILL TREAT ALL ALIKE
Santa Fe Clerks Will Be Paid the
Same as Other Employees.

E. L. Copeland, secretary and treas-
urere of the Santa Fe. said today that
it was the intention of the Santa Fe
to pay every employee in Kansas semi
monthly, no matter whether or not
the wording of the bill passed by the
legislature includes the clerical force
The clerks employed in the gen.
er1l office, who have heretofore been
paid on the first day CT each month
the wages for the previous month" p"
said Mr.. Copeland, will receive their
checks for the first two weeks wages
on the fifteenth of each month, and
for the wages earned the last two
weeks on the first day of each month.
All the other employees. who haI e
been receiving their checks the fif-
teenth of the following month for the
previous months wages, will receive
the checks for their wa ges earned the
first two weeks of the month on the
first of the following month, and a
check for wages earned the last tive
weeks of the month on the fifteenth
of the following month.
Il do not believe any railroad cor
poration will try to take advantage of
the law, but will pay their employees
in the above Manner
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-06-18

Onaga is isolated from the rest of the
world.
The Union Pacific reports that the
storm was especially severe east of
Onaga. John Burgess a farmer and
four mem bers of his family were kill
ed and two others seriously injured,
according to the reports.
The Union Pacific motor car is held
up at Onaga. The conductor had to
walk ten miles before he could find a
telephone in working order so he
could inform Topeka of the situation.
On the Junction City, the Man
haitian and the Topeka branches
the Union Pacific track has been
washed away. This afternoon a new
trouble was discovered at Belvue,
where a creek overflowed and made
it impossible for the trains to go
through on the main line. The water
is over the tracks at that point.
The Union Pacific reports rains as
follows for last night: Kansas City
to Junction City, averages 2 inches;
Solomon. 1 inch; Salina, 2 II inches;
Brookfield. 1 inch: Glasco and vicin-
ity. 6 inches: Culver to Beverly. 2
inches; Vesper. inches; Singleton,
II inches; Plainville, 8 inches: Wal
do, l inch. Rains were also reported
on the Colorado division in western
Along the Santa Fe.
The Burlington branch of the Santa
r DelWeen olldWd anu was
out of commission last night, due to a
rain which averaged from Az to 5
inches. The main trouble was at
HOmewood., where Mo- PIP was tied
up for the night. A heavy hail storm
occurred in the vicinity of Burlington.
The Santa F'e main line was unter-
rupted. On the Superior branch. the
Santa Fe reports that the Republican
river at Weber is out of it's banks and
overflowing the bottom lands. AT
Minneapolis, the Solomon river is full
and rising slowly
cyclone struck the track at New
Burlington, Okla, tearing down five
telephone poles. At Chickasha, the
WashitS river is bank full and further
IConun.<a vu f..e 'rwol
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-06-18

almost Immediately, the witness tes-
titled. The time between this first
call from Mrs. McElheny and the call
to Hornbaker could not have been
longer than ten minutes. Hand said
The operator also testified that, be-
fore the shooting. he had noticed fire.
quent telephone calls between the Nc
Elheny and Hornbaker homes The
conversations lasted longer when Nc
Elheny was away from home, said
Hand.
Frank Wilson, a young farmer,
testified that on the night of the
murder he saw Hornbaker going in
a direction leading away from the Nc
Elheny home between 9:15 and $3.50
O'Clock.
Anderson Borders, a mail carrier,
testified that in a conversation con-
cerning the murder Hornbaker had
told him he had not reached home
when the alarm was given but heard
screaming and went to the McElheny
home. Numerous witnesses for the
state today described the scene at the
McElheny home Immediately after
the shooting.