davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-05-19

Considerable practical work is BEING
done by the Vermont state forestry de
partment along the line of forest tirf
protection by instructing the fire war
dens in the various districts OF the state
in the best methods OF handling out
breaks of fire in the timberland, as we'll
as Of preventing such outbreaks. Not
until recent years has there been organ
lied effort to prevent the annual waste OF
timber from fire; and even yet the idea
has not become firmly impressed upon
the mind of the general public, How.
ever, an advance is being made through
the department in such measures as Just
referred to; and ere long we may OK
pect confidently that measure OF pro
lection will be given to Vermont timber
land and woodland commensurate with
the protection which already is given to
buildings in the Incorporated villages and
cities When that shall have become an
established fact, Vermont will be able
to conserve q considerab BILE amount OF
property in trees.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-05-19


mental shrubbery and flowers in the
yards around the homes. A little ex'
pense and little attention in these di'
reetions will 20 long way in makin.;
every community brighter and pleasant
err"
In fact, the appearance of the premises
and buildings in q community go a long
way in furnishing an index of the spirit
of the community-if the premises and
buildings are in rundown condition or
in only half kept condition it is SIRE
sign that the affairs OF the town are run
in an equally careless manner and that
the town or city is not making any prog
ress to speak Of. II is remarkab'a how
quick the observing stranger is to note
the signs of internal decay of a conmi.
nifty as given by the outward appear.
ances. Few communities, ii they realized
how often this rule is applied in sizing up
a town. would permit those outward
signs to betoken slothfulness.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-05-19
SOUTH CABOT.

Mrs. NJ. r. Cram of Mortified is visit
ing her daughter, Mrs. Guy Cassidy, for
a time.
William Dutton was in Plainfield the
last OF the week on business.
Jerome Bailey and family of Plain
field were callers Sunday at Z. NJ. Put
mans.
DR.. and Mrs. Cram of Bridgewater
visited at Guy Cassady's over Sunday.
About Is friends OF Ella Putnam
called on her Sunday to remind her of
her 18th birthday. lee cream and cake
we're served and birthday cake was
presented her with post cards and 9th
er presents,
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-05-19
Ek-T CABOT

The items in Fridays Times under tn
heading Of East Calais were East Cabot
items
Mr.. and Mrs. n. n. Heath Of Cabot
Mr. and Mrs. Ernest William and I. G.
Peck Of Noyesville and Mr.. and Mrs
Frank Peek OF Peacham spent sunday
At Mrs. l. G. Peek's.
Miss Susie McCuen Of Cabot was a
guest Of Mr.. and Mrs. Gilbert HiH sun
dSv.
Pred HHf has employment AZ Boston
and went last week.
HAYDEN Iefords Of Wfliiasnstowu uss
business visitor - C. H. Austins Mon
dav.
Mics Esther Hswlsnd ~ Css.st was a
r. = Barrs the last 81 tae week Ms
IS. ID. Barr ard Miss HoN1anH sEsart
Friday afternoon 81 n. l. Houriton' 3
81 South Cabot.
r A. Halcrew ard Mss sarah ~
reaalisn were IT Mount Pleasant farm
SATURDAY..
o 4 nTsw srsnt several dsys - Bsrr-
iasf Nesk
HIr. snd Mrs.. W1iliurn stiers ~ nan-
v7ls usrs q Roh~rt Bars ssfurdag
NJ and Mrs Harr- Cinntlar sra
atuEiter EisEsL sFefa SATURDAY. at ~
trtfrsiifrr.
~ ssa Nh. Ederr Hat,etion ssa
rl7Igrer - Cairt sr8 riasries safgsF III
Tzrs5iF usrr rHrsts rt s7ias Fi1ur teE's
S~nrar
u snuued ufRrlF 81 rnfrrfn1 hlnrlar
isus rlsits8 neeFif e. sprr - f VIC 80
rruunE
Miss H1aisl wagtsF ~ Estsa s. ia1t
ma Mrs.. Car Burrut ffs q t'ns-
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-05-19
A DISOIIETING RuMOR.

Investigation ought to be made OF th'
report OF some passengers on the Tran
sylvania that German submarine fired
a torpedo at the steamer but with poor
result, the missile passing 40 yards astern
o. the vessel. The investigation ought
to be made to determine whether the
story was made out of whole cloth or
whether there was actual basis for the
disquietng report. 1t is somewhat
strange that the submarine should have
been discovered by passengers and that
the oncoming torpedo should also have
been sighted by the passengers, while the
ships official lookout whose duty it was
to locate hostile war vessels failed to
discern either submarine or torpedo. We
assume that the lookout failed to dis.
Germ either the hostile ship or her sup
posed missile because the vessel has been
in harbor three days and no report of
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-05-19
MONTPELIER.
Clinic Of Noted Cancer Specialists to be
Held Here June II.


Montpelier Is TO be one OF the cite
of the state in which DR.. Jonathan NJ
Wainwright of Scranton, Pa, a note'
surgeon and cancer specialist, and Dr
William Seaman cambridge, from TIN
skin and cancer hospital, New York, arr
to hold clinics in a campaign against
cancer in Vermont These meetings arr
to be held in four places-Rutland, Bur
lington, Montpelier and st. Johnsbury
Sessions are to be held in the Heator
hospital and in the evening in city hall
open to the public. The object ofFthc
meetings is to acquaint people with the
early stages of the disease and to show
them how to combat it before IT is toe
late. June | is the date set for the COM
ing Of the specialists to Montpelier.
Miss Alice r. Taft, lifelong resident
of Montpelier, died yesterday at the age
brothers, Lucius ID. Taft of this city
and John A. Taft Of Washington; also
one sister, Mrs. Charles A. Gay OF Bos-
ton. The funeral will be held tomorrow
afternoon from the home OF her brother,
l.. d. Taft.
In probate court yesterday, Arthur s..
Martin of Barre was appointed admin
istrator with the will annexed of the
estate of the late Charles 4. Perrin Of
this city. John w. Mccormick settled
his accounts as administrator of the es-
tate Of Fred A. Leighton, late OF Rox-
bury. The will Of Battista Albisetti of
Barre was proven.
Iona Willis, whose time in Washing
ton county Jail expired May IL, was re-
committed on Gov. Gates warrant be-
fore she left the jail. She has finished
three months imposed by the Barre city
court for larceny and had previously
been sentenced from the same court for
not less than one nor more than three
months for obtaining goods under false
pretences. Gov. Gates granted her a
pardon, the rules of which
she is alleged to have broken, SO that
she will now be obliged to serve out her
term. This win take until the
last of June,
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-05-19
SINK SHIPS BUT SAVE LIVES.
No Loss of German or Neutral Subjects
on Vessels Captured.

London. May lo.-Thomas J. MacNa-
mara, secretary of the admiralty, states
that:
"The number Of persons Of all nation
alities killed in connection with the
sinking by the Germans of 460,62S tons
of British merchant ships is approx
mately 1856,
THE tonnage Of German shipping, not
warships, sunk or captured by the Brit
ish navy to. May Is, is 3l4,465. So far
as known, not one German or neutral
subject has been killed in connection
Herewith"
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-05-19

II the German auxiliary cruiser karls-
ruhe wishes to come in, she will find .
comfortable berth alongside the Prinz
Eitel and the kronprinz Wilhelm. The
United States is hospitable entertainer
along these lines.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-05-19

We feel that the following good advice
from the Brattleboro Reformer ought to
be passed along and so we do our part
toward it:
Nothing adds more to the attractive
ness OF town or makes a better inn
preston on strangers than well-painted
houses, good sidewalks and streets which
are kept clean, and shade trees, orna-
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-05-19
CURRENT COMMENT
Concord Congratulates Barre.

Concord congratulates Barre on the re,
opening of its stonesheds, closed since
March | by labor troubles. We still re-
member here what one strike in the gran.
lite industry cost us.-Concord IN. H.
Monitor.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-05-19

Another nation comes to the United
States for loan 1t is Bolivia of SoutA
America. The fact grows that the United
States is becoming the banker of the
world.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-05-19

The American fleet now goes out to
play at war to get ready for that which
everyone hopes will never come.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-05-19
FRANK r. LANGLEY. Publisher

Joas Chagas was premier of Portugal
long enough TO be target.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-05-19

We see by the papers that the Vermont
dentists are getting ready to show their
teeth. Boston Transcript.
For which biting sarcasm the dentists
will have to be molar-f we presume.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-05-19

When Won Buelow leaves Italy ii may
be concluded that Italy is really going
to war with Germany and Austria.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-05-19

\ ~ tlssat Esf rsuras ss.sr 49, Cs4sHE'
$500 WiH - sarssf fFBr TH-sasg 81 =
. n art1 Ttarszrs a. 7-stf
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27
PANAMA ASKS
4 new TREATY

PANAMA, Sept. 27.-The state
department has the draft of a
new treaty which the Panama
government wishes to substitute
for the original treaty of 1908.
The most important request is
that the u. s. transfer all Pana-
ma-owned lands in the cities Of
Panama and Colon, except the
ones on which u. s. buildings are
located, to the local government.
The transferance of the water
works; permission to construct
two railways; no Intervention in
Panama elections, except on re-
quest of the republics president;
Panama to keep her ad valorem
duty; and arbitration between
the U. s. and Panama by a COM
mission of South American rep
resentatiyes are among other
clauses.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27
CLAM-DICCERS
Want MORE PAY

HOQUIAM, Sept. 27.-Despite
the fact that higher prices are
to be had for canned clans this
year than ever before, the pack.
ers' association has cut prices 70
the beach-diggers from $1.75 TO
$3.50 hundred pounds. A strike
which resulted has crippled three
plants. Quinault Indians keep
the other six running.
! Dggers claim they cannot NAH Q
a living wage at the new low
scale.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27
Asks Club to
Greet Mayor

Mayor Fawcett today received
a telegram from John P. Garner
of Chicago, who is in charge OF
the arrangements for Mayor
Thompson's western trip, inform
Ing him that Thompson will visit
Tacoma Oct. 10, arriving at 1880
a. m. and leaving at 10.
Mayor Fawcett today is asking
the Commercial club to take
charge OF the entertainment OF
Mayor Thompson, and arrange, II
possible, a public reception In his
honor.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27

The official board Of the First
M. e. church have arranged an
extensive program for the recep-
ton next Tuesday evening to DR..
and Mrs. Trimble. The list of
speakers include r. v. Hoyt, edi-
tor Of the Labor Advocate; Geo.
Stone of the Commercial club;
Rev. M. H. Marvin, Ralph Stacy
and Governor Lister. A musical
program will be included and the
public is invited.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27
ute so cents a month to the
Women's Union Label league.

ute so cents q month to the
Women's Union Label league.
The bartenders' union of Ia
coma will attend the Puyallup
fair in body next Sunday. The
regular meeting has been post :,
poned until a week from Sunday.
The Northwest Painters con-
ference at Olympia has gone on
record as favoring a six-hour day
during the winter months of De-
cember, January and February.
F. N. Cooksie of the cooks and
walters union, who recently I'M
derwent an operation, is out of
the hospital and doing nicely.
The Label league is put
ting the buy-at-home move
ment before even their own
cause. It was suggested at
q recent meeting that union
members send out of town
for union labeled goods,
when the same kind of goods
are not and will not be sup
piled by local merchants.
The members voted down the
idea, deciding that they
should patronize homo in-
dustry, above all things. e
=
The Central Labor council
adopted a strong resolution last
week condemning the proposed
general cut in salaries of city en-
ployes. The council agreed that
such a cut might cause private
employers to effect similar cuts,
to the great injury of all labor.
The Iron Workers will discuss
the question of increasing their
dues, at the meeting this week.
All members are urged to attend.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27
BOSTON EDITOR =
BOOSTS MOUNTAIN

The finest forest, the finest
mountain road, and the finest
scenery in the worlds the opin-
ion of Mt. Tacoma which William
Marshall Warren. travel editor.
writes in the Boston Herald.
OF all the show-places In the
United States, he prefers the
mountain which lies In Tacoma's
back yard. He speaks as one who
knows. too. for he has seen them
all
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27
NEW YORK READY
TO PROBE SUBWAY

NEW YORK, Sept. 27.-Mayor
Mitchell has named board Of 10
engineers to investigate the SUBJ
ways under construction with a
view to stopping a reoccurrance
of recent subway accidents. Yes
terday's accident. the second in
four days, resulted in the death
OF Estelle Tomaselli. Of Havana,
Cuba.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27
SPIRITUALISTS'
HEAD TO VISIT

DR.. George B. warne, president
OF the Nationalist Spiritualist as
ISOLATION, heading a party OF his
organization, will arrive in Taco
ma shortly, where he will give a
lecture. He is heading party
travelling over the u. s. working
In the cause Of his belief.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27
DARING FEAT BY
BRITISH SAPPERH

NORTHERN FRANCE, Sept.
27.-British sappers, mining uns
der the German trenches, bur-
rowed into German mine, cut
the wires and stole" a ton and
a half OF high explosives.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27
Leader For Peace and
Labor Dead In ENGLAND

LONDON, Sept. 27.-James
Keir Hardie, peace leader, died
yesterday from pneumonia. He
was born In Scotland and for
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27
HERE'S ONE PLACE
THAT PROHI PROHIS

LONDON, Sept. 27.-Only two
cases OF drunkenness among Z
population Of 100000 have oc-
CURED In the Mid-Tyne area since
the Liquor Restriction order waa
put into effect, II IL declared,
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27

many years worked in the Scot.
fish coal mines, first coming into
prominence through his temper-
ance lectures. and later through
his labor efforts.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27
SCHWAB BUYS BIG
LOCOMOTIVE WORKS

PHILADELPHIA, Sept. 81. -
Charles M. Schwab and the Du-
Pont Powder interests have OBJ
tanned control Of the Baldwin Lo-
connective works through purchase
Of a majority of common stock.
according to authentic reports.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27
What Tacoma Labor
Unions Are Doing

The Central Labor COun.
Gil today made public a resO.
luton opposing the proposed
cut I'm city expenses by u re-
ductiOn In the wage scale.
While no opposition is ex-
pressed to cut I'm the salaries
Of the more highly paid Of
ficials, IL is declared to be
short-sighted public policy to
reduce the wages Of ordinary
workers.
The council also opposes a
cut i'm the library appropriate
tons. II plans to ask for
downtown reading rooms,
beginning Jan. 4.
Union men are joyful over tho
fact that the largest union in the
city, Longshoremen's union, /. L..
A., 1888, has secured an agree
ment with the employers which
virtually places 1t in the ranks of
the closed shop.
A few days ago in Seattle an
agreement was signed between
the Waterfront Employers union
and the longshoremen, whereby
the stevedoring companies prom
Used to use union labor In the
future.
BY the agreement. those few
companies which had employed
non-union labor in holds or on
docks In the past, will hire union
men henceforth. The non-union
men will be permitted to imme-
diately join the longshoremen, II
they SO desire.
A nine-hour day is provided in
the agreement, with scale of so
cents an hour for general cargo
work and go cents for overtime.
Those longshoremen in Tacoma
who worked for companies not
recognizing the union, are rapid
ly affiliating with the union. and
all possibility of future trouble
on the docks is eliminated.
The American Federation OF
Labor has sent out a call to all
unions affiliated with 1t, for the
35th annual conevntion to be held
at Eagles hall. San Francisco,
beginning Monday morning, Nov.
Is. Unions OF Tacoma are dis
cussing possible delegates.
=
The Central Labor Coun-
Gil is planning for q union
labeled goods display week
I'm local stores. As q preIfm-
mary, the various unions
have been asked 70 contrib
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27

Social

HOmesteaders will hold q card
party and dance Tuesday evening
in Eagles hall. The committee
In charge assure a good time and
issue an invitation to all.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27

meet at the home of Mrs. Emma
Craig, 5643 So. Lawrence ST., at /
O'Clock Wednesday.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27

Phil Sheridan w. r. O., No. 33,
and Sheridan Post, No. A, enter
tanned Friday evening, honoring
the golden wedding of Mr.. and
Mrs. Izenburg. DR.. Eva st. Clair
Osburn OBLIGATED and little Clean
or Hill carried the gifts to the
honor guests. After the cere-
monies an elaborate supper was
spread during which a large we'd
ding cake was cut, each portion
having small flag, a piece CIV
en- to each member of the post.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27

The Alpha Study club will hold
reception today at the home of
the new president, Mrs. G. X.
Staudt, Ala So. Wright ave.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27


reception today at the home of
the new president, Mrs. G. X.
Staudt, Ala So. Wright ave.
Julia Dent Grant tent of the
Daughters of Veterans will meet
Tuesday afternoon at the home of
Mrs. Mcpherson, 5035 So. j ST.,
to sew for the needy.
Mrs. Walter Risk, 14O4 9th
ave.. entertained the Catholic Tx
tension club last Tuesday after
noon.
Vida Chapter, O. q. s., will give
a card party Tuesday evening in
the Masonic temple.
Mount Tacoma Rebekah lodge,
No. SO, will entertain at card
party in Odd Fellows hall, Friday
evening.
Mrs. George Slyter will enter
tain the Seventh Ward w. G. L.
U. at her home, 2610 No. Sth, al
1880 Tuesday afternoon.
The Ladies' Aid society Of the
Pine st. Christian church will.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27

The Central Labor Coun-
ell is planning for q union
labeled goods display week
in local stores. As q prelim-
mary, the various unions
have been asked TO contrib
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27

The Ladies' Aid society OF the
Pine st. Christian church will.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1915-09-27
Notice!

Briquets have been perfected so that they are
now the most efficient fuel obtainable in the
west. We will guarantee them to you under your
own plan and will furnish you free sample if
you will call for it.
All these Goals are of the highest grade mined
on the Pacific Coast The Wellington is mined
on Vancouver Island. The only way it can be
brought direct to Tacoma is by water. We bring
it here direct from the Galleries in barges, all
others bring it to Tacoma in car loads from Sc
attic. We always have large stock on hand
and expect another barge soon.
All these prices are likely to change at an
early date depending upon conditions that may
prevail
The record. [volume] (St. Maries, Idaho) 1913-1918, 1915-03-19
Municipal Officials
Personally Liable

Made liable personally and on
.hcr official bonds as well, coun-
Is, town and district officers n,
the future will not, it is veri
pr babie, issue warrants or ap-
prove bills i'm excess of the levies
made, for the governor has sign
ed house bill No. 1876, which
makes them responsible.
The measure provides i'm brief.
That all county, town, munich
pal, road and school district Of
flcials who issue orders or war
rants or approve bills or order
county warrants to be drawn in
excess OF The levies made for the
different county, town, munich
pal, road or school district funds
shall be liable, both personally
and on their official bond for the
payment of any such excess"
The record. [volume] (St. Maries, Idaho) 1913-1918, 1915-03-19
Jubilee Singers
Concert A Success

The Ham Jubilee Singers gave
a most enjoyable concert at tie
M. T.. church on Wednesday even
ing and it is hard to tell which
number was most enjoyed by the
enthusiastic audience. The
charm of Nine. Talbots beauti-
full voice still fingers and the
pathos in the rendition of "Old
Black Joe" by w A Ham brought
tears TO the eyes of many. The
Cello solo, "Elegie, by Massenet
played by Mr. Talbot was espec-
tally fine. Mr.. Garner's read
ing, 'When Melindy Sings" was
very good and the choruses and
quartettes, especially Alfalfa
Hay won hearty applause.
The NJ. e. church choir feels
that they were very fortunate to
get so good a company here, and
have made some preliminary ar
rangements for their return next
year
The record. [volume] (St. Maries, Idaho) 1913-1918, 1915-03-19

of this county awarding the
work to Dandy. Mr.. Dandy has
engaged attorneys to fight the ap-
peal and is acting on their advice
in continuing the work
No time has been set for hear
ing the appeal but it is expected
TO come up in the district court
within a few days. It is stated
that the question of the constitu-
tionality Of the bill dividing the
county is to be raised in these
proceedings and it is stated Chat
the measure is to be attacked on
several different grounds.
The record. [volume] (St. Maries, Idaho) 1913-1918, 1915-03-19
Van NuyS On
Trial fO' Perjury

Boise, Idaho, March 13.-The
trial Of State Examiner A. R. Van
Nuys, formerly of Idaho Falls, i'll
dicled and charged with perjury
before the grand jury, opened in
the third judicial district court
this afternoon, but Will not be
completed before Monday night.
Members of the grand jury ami
county officers testified in the
of the states case. They
contended that Van Nuys testified
that former Deputy State Treas
urer Fred M. Coleman, self-con-
fcssed embezzler was not in the
treasurer's Office when fhe exam
ined the books and counted The
cash Coleman testified he was
there at the time. The state
claims, however, TO have other
corroboraling Witnesses.
The record. [volume] (St. Maries, Idaho) 1913-1918, 1915-03-19
Governor Yields
Veto Axe

Boise, Idaho, March i7-Velo
chips fell thick and fast at the
governors Office today. The
chief executive disapproved t2
measures, 10 in whole and two in
part. The supreme and district
court budget was approved with
the exception of an item for ex-
IRA court reporter hire. The
Gem irrigation district appropri-
alton, si6,i32, was cut in two.
The municipal employment act
was signed. 1t abolishes pri-
Nate employment Offices and es-
tablishes one under the jurisdic-
ton of city and town government
OF the 10 bills vetoed one is an
act seeking to appropriate S2O.-
GOO to build a levee near Lor-
emo, in Fremont county. Others
of Importance are senate bill No.
ii2, creating travelling and cash
expense fund for state and coun-
ly officers; senate bill No. 1877.
providing license fee for ply
sicians; house bill No. 73, eodify-
ing transfer laws; house bill No.
269, relating to records and in
struements; house bill No. 237,
limiting the right to vote on bond
elections.
Tomorrow is the last day the
governor has to approve or dis
approve bills. Still unacted on
are general appropriation and ed
ucational budgets, ad valorem tax
and workmen's compensation act.