davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-03

ternitv through war there has been pretty gen
erally throughout Europe in recent years an
ominous decrease of the birth rate, which has
aroused the acute concern OF social economists
of military chiefs and Of governments. Inc
decline in France has long been notorious
But it has in recent years been scarcely less
marked in other countries, notably IN Her-
many; so that there are those who insist that
that was one great reason for Germanys pre-
cipitating the war Of this time. So long as
her birth rate was satisfactory, being tar IN
excess of that of France, she was content with
peace. in which she was increasingly outnum-
boring her rival in population. But as soon as
her birth rate fell, and threatened soon to be-
come as low as that of France, she thought 1t
was time to strike, before her numerical ad-
vantage should be forfeited.
How serious the decline OF the German
birth rate has been few figures will reveal.
Thirty years ago it was more than thir;y-seven
TO the thousand yearly. Now it is only about
twenty-eieht. That means that 100000 fewer
children are born each year than would
born if the rate OF a generation ago mad oeen
maintained. A loss OF 100000 year is graVely
disquieting to the social economist ana ihuuS-
trialist. The loss of 100000 potential pieces OF
cannon fodder" each year is ;gonizlng to the
nilitarist. In some of the most important
centres of population the decline has been
more marked than in the empire as whole
Thus. in Mannheim it has fallen in ten years
from more than AZ in the thousand to less than
o. in Cologne from 378 to 26.7. in BresIau
from 1874 to 26.4 and in Berlin itself from more
than IS to less than 20-or to no more than
that of France With all the splendid develop
ment of the city and with all that has been
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-03

II men outnumber women the surplus OF men
will be wifeess and childless and the number
Of children born will be proportional to the
number Of women. Conversely, if women out
number men, the surplus of women will be
doomed to celbacy and childlessness, and the
number of children born will be proportional
10 the number of men. After the war, there
fore. replenishing the population will proceed
at rate expressed not by percentage OF the
entire population but merely of the surviving
men.
All this applies, as have said, to monoga-
mic system. 1t does not apply TO polygamic
system, and in that fact lies the strength
Of the suggestions which now being subtly
made. on the one hand by Mormon propaganda
lists and on the other by those mad mlitarists
who look upon men as Cannon fodder" For
if is perfectly obvious that under polygamy TIL
destruction of even large proportion OF the
men need not in the least diminish the pro-
duction of children. The surplus women are
simply distributed among the minority OF men
as plural wives and the birth rate is FULLY
maintained Indeed, in proportion to the
whole population it is actually increased.
Il was largely upon that principle that polyg-
amy was established The nations IN when II
has been most practised have been distnctVely
fighting races, such as the Turks and some OF
the Indians, while the distinctivey non-mili-
tant Chinese are homogeneous. The loss OF
male lives in the incessant wars OF the hghtng
lands was great, anG men were marked
minority of the population. In order there-
fore. that child bearing might be kept up TO
the most prolific standard, the surplus women
,y.re apportioned TO the men as plural wives
Among the Mormons however, polygamy
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-03
Bv LAYTON MACKALL.

vr orticIe Of clothing that a man wears
Gives him more trouble than all the res
of his costume. II neither protects nm
~ from the cold nor shelters HIM from ','
heat; neither does it add to his coInlOi''
ness or beauty.
The garment Of which / speak is the one ne
ears or his Adams apple, namely, his collar D"'-
ton. This tribulation was imposed by he"''"
+arorer his pride-"a sore affection at ms hecN'
yea a coad at his gullet." His other tormenTs'
sucb as measles and maiden aunts, are loIeiOis
thrust upon him, but this one he must hiihSeI'
don: he must not only endure his collar Du''o"'
but seek it, capture it and put IT on.
yet he has one privilege is permitted to
.tooso the kind He may wear either an unsuo-
tsntial contrivance OF celluoid or porcelain 'h"'
-. .r+ ~ decapitate itself without warning; or
-. riyet that bestows upon his skin dark
-, .,ot. or a magnificent golden bauble that
e.,,,l,, Gets stepped on. The earliest type
-, .reasured in museums Of archaeology was
asseous.. whence the expression "the bone oil con-
tention."
=, Collecting a collar button one should be
La ~, the science OF phrenology. That Is 10
e.v one should Judge entirely by eranal enS.
.-.orfs.ics For example, a bullet-shaped mead is
a. sure sign Of aggressiveness; button Win ,""'
lind If head will batter through almost anything
~ tho other hand, fiat head atop OF iohs
neck bespesks conservatism Such Dus'on Win Win
no hard to persuade; but, once persuaded, WIN
not lightly change its mind As Tor 'ne I'm" ms,
Ton button, it is not to be dependeu 0'
lose its head in an emergency 81
The function Of every collar button ..st
- 20 butt How we'll it performs TINS '"oN
denends upon the state Of its feelings "n''" 49,
l'',.or Iistlesspess to bsleful savaeery. Inc
~. ssn Of collar often finds it IN quite
Io.sant mood; it may even pop through that WIN
,iocrity But then it loses interest The seeInu
Can has buttonhOle as we'll as the hrs'-U1,
n1P :. that 70 A collar button that has grow"
blas6? II ignores IT, Chi.
Won try a little tactful urging II rcseh's '''',
As il grows more and more refractory 20"
moro and more force; till at last grind'ns ~
taetb with fury you finally succeed IN su''V'@
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-03

inc it. Then you realize that, between you anu
~ hut+on the collar has been totally incapac-
,atod So Won take out fresh collar and start
over again.
Some buttons fatalistie kind that grow on
make IT their boast that they will die
rather than button: The moment you uy
coorco them they commit hari-kari and collapse
under your fingers.
Metal buttons thwart you in enother way lneS
lump. / have seen little brazen acrooa'S '"a'
could bound five or six feet at the most ecceH.,''
angles. They roll with nimbleness that baifes
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-03

all description of search. One Of these intrepid
adventures will penetrate far into the dust jungle
under some heavy piece OF furniture and hibernate
there till spring cleaning.
Each sojourner on the male larynx has It's mate
a capricious little female, ensconced at the back
Of the neck She, prompted by curiosity enters
her buttonhoe with very little urging; but once
the novelty of the thing is over, she IS likely 10
come out again at any moment. Any excuse any
nretext will do. The mere shaking on OF an over
coat or even hard sneeze, is enough to precipi-
tate an exit And sometimes this escape is pre-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-03
r7r>1n c0rnAR BUTTONS HAVE A SENSE OF DUTY

pared for with the ingenuity Of a Celini; while
Won are wrestling with your neckie she sur
reptitiously files the buttonhoe to a convenient
size. and before you realize what has hap
Dened-
There goes my back collar button now can
feel it trickling down my spine. Pardon me, but
must retire and search for it in private, sub
hosa.
.Note.-Professor Pfrendorf, in his monograph
on Zine Implements of the Benzoic Era ques-
tions this, and promulgates the theory that pre-
historic man used a tack.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-03
)LYGAMY. WARS REMEDY, SORDID
AND DEGRADING.

IL WOulu De ulIIlSult, AZ ID bAS' W hhobi'N
ANYTHING more repulsive to enlightened hui
manity than this way OF looking at the case.
1t is utterly sordid. brutal and degrading. Yet
for that very reason it might, in some contin-
gency. be logically and congruously adopted as
fitting and essential sequel to the war. For
what is the war itself but sordd brutal and
degrading? Never since the days OF Timour
Leng. or OF lilly have the elemental passions
of the human brute been so unclaimed. We
have already seen (Hasselt, August I'D all OF
fetal order issued that in case a single irrespon-
siblc citizen fired a single ineffective shot at
the invading army third of the entire male
population should be put TO death. We have
seen (Ardenne, August ~ a whole town ami
hilated by fire and a large proportion OF its in
habitants ndscrimnatey massacred because
of few individual and irresponsible attacks
upon the enemy We have seen (Wavre,
August I'D an enormous cash ransom exacted
from city under the compulsion OF threat
that if it were not promptly paid the whole
city would be destroyed by fire. When such
things and worse are officially done in the
name of culture and with the boast that God IS
directly aiding in the doing OF them, why
should it be surprising-it certainly would not
be incongruous-to have a decree issued es-
tabshing polygamy in order to hasten the re-
Mobilization OF the land after the ravages OF
war?
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-03

O S: !: E: :: i: +: !: 1: +:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-03
By WILLIS FLETCHER JOHNSON.

I'LL the war lead TO polygamy? The
M question may be startling. 1t may
w 20 some seem fantastic. But, then,
.-~ ,oo literal nronhecv of
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-03

was adopted not because of losses OF men
through miitarism but in order to secure the
most rapid possible increase OF population and
Church membership. Doubtless there were
other reasons, not altogether inconspicuous,
among them being that of sheer sexual sensu-
alism. But the chief reason was to increase
the number Of Saints as rapidly as possible
in order to strengthen Zion" against the Cen
tiles and to promote the universal conquest
of which Brigham Young and his associates
dreamed They perceived that such increase
could be effected by breeding as well as by
PROSECUTING. Indeed the former was the more
effective method. To convert one man to
Mormonism meant an addition Of one to the
church. To convert a young woman and to
marry her to a Mormon would in few years
mean the addition OF several. 1t was with that
fact in mind that Mormon missionaries ad-
dressed their PROSECUTING attentions chiefly to
physically attractive and robust young women
"a policy which they still follow Their de-
sire is not alone for the individual convert
but still more for her prospective progeny
WOMEN THE MOST EASILY GAINED
RECRUITS FOR MoRMoNISM.
This method of campaigning was greatly
facilitated by the fact that it was much easier
20 make converts OF women than OF men. /
is an extraordinary circumstance that whll>
Mormon polYgamy is generally regarded as
indeed it is. as hideous outrage upon woman
hood. it has ever found among women its
strongest supporters There is to-day little
evidence OF jealousy among the plural wives
or of any wish for the abandonment OF
polygamy Neither is there i'll feeling among
the children, who somewhat oddly speak OF
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-03
Win War Promote Pclgamly and Mormcisr i'm Saddle
to me. All you've got

done for sanitation and therapeutics. the Ger
man metropolis shows an excess of births over
deaths of less than 2 per cent! No wonder
that the government for several years has been
striving almost frantically to encourage and
promote family fecundity! And no wonder
that men are regarding with apprehension akin
to CONSERVATION the destruction OF a consider
able percentage of those who have been looked
to as the paternal propagators of new gener-
alton, and that some are seriously contem-
plating polygamy as means of utilizing the
fecundity of myriads Of women who otherwise
will be left childless.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-03

and address each other not as haf-brothers
and half-sisters but as cousins" and call the
other wives Of their fathers "aunts.'
This, however, by the way. The significant
thing is the marvellous growth of the polyga-
nous Mormon communities. Their birth rate
in proportion to the whole population is tar in
excess Of the average. The increase OF the
Mormon population of Utah and other regions
has been much more rapid than that OF Gen
tile states. save as in the latter it was aided by
immigration. The reason is easily susceptible
of mathematical exploitation. In a community
of one hundred persons, with fifty men and
fifty women in a state of homogeneous mar
rage the production of offspring is limited by
the fecundity of the fifty women. In a COM
munity of equal size, with only ten men and
ninety women in polygamous marriage, the
production of offspring is determined by the
fecundity of not fifty but ninety women. The
birth rate in the latter would therefore natu-
rally be 80 per cent higher than in the former.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-03
REDUCING THE MORAL CODE TO A
PIGMENT OF IMAGINATION.

Even if there were an item in the moral code
prohibiting polygamy, that would be no efeo-
tive bar II could be disposed Of like treaty
pledge as a mere scrap OF paper, or a mere
word. which must not stand in the way of the
national safety or the national ambition.
"Salus imper suprema lex" But as matter
of fact there is no such prohibition. In the
Old Testament, it is shrewdly pointed out. ex-
amples OF plural marriage abound, while IN the
New Testament monogamy is enloined upon
none but bishops OF the Church. II is also OBJ
served that polygamous nations are among the
belligerents in this war on both sides. Germany
has Turkey for her ally and Turks are per-
uitted to have four wives apiece, while Great
Britain is drawing leves from India, including
not only four -wived Mussulmen, but also Hin
dus, whose harems are unlimited. So it is per
tinently asked, if both sides employ the aid OF
poygamists in the war, why should they hest
tate 10 resort 10 polygsmy to recoup the
losses of the war;
Then there are, OF course, the Mormons, all
either actual or potential polygamists, who are
scattered among all the nations. Despite the
strenuous hostility which was exercised toward
tneII ic" ySai "s' '''N' az "'''' w w 'NN'S'
and are active and aggressive, in most eoun-
tries In the United States they are, OF course.
most widely distributed. A great sensation
was caused recently by the announcement OF
plans for the erection OF Mormon tabernacle
in New York; but there have for years
been hundreds OF Mormons in this city. There
are, indeed, only four states in the Union in
which they are not sufficiently numerous TO hg.
ure conspicuousy in the census tables. In the
nine North Atlantic States there are about g.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-03
HE FINAL WORD CONCERNING RACE
SUICIDE HAS BEEN SPOKEN.

How strongly these considerations may ap-
peal to some European economists at the END
of this war, particularly to those OF mllitariSt
and materialist nclinatons, it is not difficult to
imagine. Even in the United States the evils
of race suicide have been inveighed against,
and the honor and glory, as we'll as the practl-
cal utility and patriotic duty of numerous prog
eny. have been exploited with eloquent au-
thority. In Germany long ago the foremost
statesman of his age proclaimed the supreme
mission of women to be to bake bread and
bear babies"
Even without the dminution of potential pa
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-01-03

Continued on ,lath page.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-01-14
GEOGRAPHY,

l. Where in the United States
are the largest numbers Of hogs
raised and why2 Sheep?
2. About what part of Ohio
drains into the st. Lawrence?
Into the Gulf? Name the streams
through which the water of a
spring in your neighborhoodi
would pass on it's way to the o.
cean.
3. What motives from the
standpoint of geography has Ger
many for annexing Belgium?
A. Why has trade between Ar
gentine Republic 'ana England
been more vigorousth between
Argentine and the United States?
5. State carefully the location
Of the Philippine Islands. What
are their exports and imports?
What is the capital?
6. Describe the climate of Cal
ifornia, explaining the reason for
lit. How does the climate of the
state of Washington compare
with that of California?
z. Name the ter principal At.
lantic and Gulf ports of the Uni
ted States; also three of Canads
and twOsof Mexico.
8. Indicate the bodiesUfwate1
IN water travel and thecountfieI
or -statesinlandt dtravelthat woulC
be passed through in going "a,
from Boston to Chicago: I'D from
Santiago, Chill, to Havana; e
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-01-14
Motor Furs.
at top prices.

All the world seems to be stud
ying economy these days, and |
was ecialIy impressed with the
opportunities for securing really
elegant furs at small prices when
| looked over styles at c. c.
Shayue & Company's the other
day. The stock of motor coats,
so much above the average in
quality, cut and make, and de-
signed for the hardest wear
seemed to offer exceptional op-
portunity for careful buyers. 1t
was surprising to find such vari-
ETY. in style and coloring. Even
in the cheapest coats of Siberian
dog were beautifully black and
glossy and lined handsomely with
MORE velours, and other durable
fabrics. Beside the regulation
Raccoon coats, there were very
attractive garments of Wallaby
in brown or gray colorings. This
is a species of Australian kanga-
roo with great wearing qualities
as we'll as appearance. Black
Calf with a gray velours lining
and wide gray fur collar made an
unusually durable and attractive
coat, while the tawny pelt of wild
cat with it's striking markings
built a youthful and handsome
garment for wear in or out of {
car.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-01-14
Examination Questions
Used Jan. 2.
ELEMENTARY AGRICULTURE.

l. What are the merits of sill
age as fool for COWS?
2. Name four biennial plants.
How is each propagated?
8. A field devoted to corn was
carefully cultivated but produced
only IA bushels to the acre. Sug-
gest several things that may have
been wrong.
4. Given a bushel of choice
seed potatoes and a good garden
plot. Tell all that needs to be
done to plant them properly.
5. What help can a teacher Sc
cure from the Agricultural Ex-
pertinent Station at Wooster?
6. What are the objects of till
age? What crops cannot be till
ed after planting?
Z. What are some of the things
to be observed in pruning that
the wounds may readily heal?
8. How is the grape propagat-
ed, and how should the vines be
pruned and trained?
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-01-14
A Test for Liver Comp plaint.
Mentally Unhappy-Phys
ically, Dull.

The liver, sluggish and mac
tive, first shows itself in a men
tai state-unhappy and critical.
Never is there Joy in living. as
when the stomach and liver are
doing their work. Keep your
liver active and healthy bv using
DR.. Kings New Life Pills; they
empty the bowels freely, tone up
your stomach, cure your consti-
patton and purify the blood. 25c
at druggist. Bucklen's Arnica
Salve excellent for Piles. ADV
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-01-14
cREENVLLE, OHIO, THURSDAY, JANUARY a. 1915

med lightly with flowers or fea
theirs. A novel and pretty thea.
tire hat is of black tulle, the soft
crown small and quite transpar-
ent. A band of ribbon, decOrat-
ed at intervals with small wings
made of brilliant green spang
les. surrounds the crown. There
is no brim but at the back, a high
wired bow of the tulle makes for
style and bt comingness.
Clever Buying.
To the woman who studies COM
ing modes, and therefore knows
what to avoid, the shops offer
great opportunities these mark
down days. A sEort length of
material that one gets
for a fraction of its earlier value, |
will often transform a passe gown
into up-to-date attractiveness.
Lace of nearly any sort, especi-
ally the Chantilly that our grand
mothers adored, is exceedingly
desirable, and will be very much
used with organdie frocks. as ad-
models proclaim. Furs
Of all good grades are a most de-
sirable investment not only for
this seasons use, but for next
winter as well. 1t is so nice to
have a handsome set or coat on
hand in readiness for it's need,
and not to be obliged to buy early
at top prices.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-01-14
GRAMMAR.

/. Should the teaching of gram
mar aim to develop habit or judg
ment on the part of the pupils
Defend fully your answer.
| 2. (a) Classify sentences &C.
cording to the way they aroused.
Give examples. (b) Classify SEN
tences according to their form.
Give examples.
3. Construct a sentence con-
tanning an indirect object, the
subject of which sentence shall
be a collective noun modified by
a phrase and the predicate of
which shall contain a clause de-
noting place. Classify the prfn-
cipal verb in as many ways as
possible.
4. Aualyze or diagram; Ap-
prOach and read the law graved
on the stone beneath yon aged
thorn.
5. Parse the words in small
caps:
And he wandered away and away
With Nature, dear old NURSE,
Who SANG to him NIGHT and day
The rhymes of the universe.
6. Point out the infinitives and
participles and give the use of
each in the sentence: la) The
child wants to go to sleep. fb)
Thoughts shut 1r want air,
and spoil like bales unopened to-
the sun. (c) We cagne to hear
you sing. (d) I saw men run.
ming to the fire.
z. What do you understand by
conjugation, synapsis, tense,
mode, voice?
8. Write a paragraph of not
less than ten lines on Whittier.
The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1915-01-14

aided as the leading color for
spring, and in the standards navy
ard black have skirts arranged
in Godet, or flat pleats with a
panel effect front and back so
that most of the fullness is at the
side. Jaunty short jackets top
these-the fronts designed on
Eton lines or prolonged in sharp
vest points. The backs in pleated
effects, with or without half belts
of the material. Set in sleeves,
long and close fitting, finish with
small cuffs. The high turn over,
or military collars, are faced with
fur arranged so that it can be
laid aside when too warm, leav-
ing the cloth collar on view.
Between Season Hats.
Small hats of silk and straws
are shown for wear with these
and no end of fancy between sea-
son creations that serve admira'
bly, for dressy wear now, anC
more practical use when spring
comes. Small military and der
by shapes developed in whit
panne velvet or satin, or in tn,
various sand shades, are increas
ingly worn and larger hats, prin
cipally in sailor shapes, are bull
3 of gold, silver or steel tissue
shirred over wire frames trim