davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-13
PITTSBURG F0UNDRIEs' TIEUP.
strike of Moulders Expected to
Bring II About To-day.

PrrrsBuR6. Dec. lo.--Just when they
are under an avalanche Of orders the
seventy foundries in this district or a
majority OF them AT least, will be-
tied UP by a strike of 1900 moulders,
who demand an eight hour day without
reduction OF pay. Strikes began hast
night at shops where notice had been
given that the union men would not
he on hand tomorrow morning unless
the foundries conceded the eight hour
day.
Tomorrow morning the tieup will be
complete. 4 few foundries have
granted a shorter day. but the ma
iority have not. the union officials ad-
mitted after "a mass meeting to-day.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-13

tional law and OF humanity by she'll
ing and torpedoing the Ancona be-
fore the persons on board had been
put in a place of safety or even given
sufficient time to leave the vessel.
The conduct Of the commander can
only be characterized as wanton
slaughter Of defenceless non-com-
batants, since at the time when the
vessel was shelled and torpedoed she
was not. II appears, resisting or at
tempting TO escape. and no other rea-
son ls sufficient to excuse such an
attack. no, even fhe possibility Of
rescue.
Tho Government of the United
States is forced, therefore. to
conclude either that the COM
mander Of the submarine acted
in violation NJ his instruc-
tions or that the Imperial and
Roya, Government failed to issue In
structions to the commanders Of It's
submarines In accordance with the
law OF nations and the principles Of
humanity. The Governmen. Of the
United States is unwilling 20 be-
iieve the latter alternative and TO
.redi; the Austro-Hunsar. AN Gov
ernmert with an intention 10 permit
its submarines TO destroy the lives
of helpless men. women end children.
1t prefers 70 believe that the COM
mander Of the submarine committed
this outrage without authority ami
contrary to the general or special
instructions which he had received.
As the good relations Of the two
countries must rest upon = common
regard for law and humanity. the
Government Of the United states
cannot be expected to do otherwise
than to demand that the Imperial
and Royal Government denOunee the
sinking Of the Aneona rs an Illegal
and indefensible act, that the officer
-Ah0 peEpaaEatsA the deeA he pun
ished and that reparation by the
payment Of an indemnity be made
for the citizens Of the United states
who were killed or Injured by the
attack on the vessel.
The Government ~ the United
States expects that the Austro- Hun
garian Government. appreciating the
gravity OF che case. will accs.de TO H..
demand promptly. and It rests this
expectation on the belief that the
Austro-Hungarian Government will
not sanction or defend an act which
is condemned by the world MS in
humane and barbarous. which II alb
horrent to all civilized nations and
which has caused the death Of inno-
sent American citizens. LANSING.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-13
KAISER HEADS WAR COUNCIL.
German, Turkish ana Bulgar ria a
Special Gable DesIMfch 10 THH Sun

LONDON, Dec. 1.-THE Copenhagen
correspondent of the Daily Mali says:
IL learn from Berlin that 4 very i'm
portant war council presided over by tho
Kaiser In taking place Mt tha German
headquarters on the eastern front. Gen.
Won Falkenhayn and Field Marshals Won
Mackensen and Won IIindcnourg are
present with their STATS, and also the
Turkish and bulgarian General Staffs
and number of Princes.
"A conference was held last week at
r-hich the Crown Princes of Bavaria,
Saxony and Wuertte'nberS We're present.
Only the German Crown Prince wa,
absent"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-13
SECRETARY OF NAVY'.S
PLEA FOR WARSHIPS
SPECIAL Reauest IL Made for Battle
,raisers and scout Ships.

WASHINGTON. Dec. "Details OF the
nos. ambitious naval building pro-
sra,rme ever indorsed by a President
q the United States were disclosed
Tonight when Secretary of tho Navy
Jose1hus Daniels made public his an
nual report calling for the expenditure
m thA nea, Ave years Of more than half
b'llun dollars for new warshipS,
ssfal cgaft and reserve ammunition.
Admitting that the programme was
drafted on tho basis Of what the other
Powers OF the world are known to have
built and are building, and from infor-
nation IN hand as fo the nart which
each type of vessel has PLAYED In tho
naval engagements of the Euoptxin n
war. the report states that the purpose
OF the Navy Department Is TO have the
American navy In 1891 consist OF the
nlloving ships, built or building:
Tsenty-seven battleships or the first
line. Il battle cruisers. 25 battleships
q the second line. 10 arnsored cruisers.
u scout cruisers. 8 first class cruisers.
! second class cruisers. 10 third class
cruisers. l0S destroyere. IS fleet SUBJ
marines. 81 coast submarines, s moni-
tors, % yunboata 4 supply ships, 10
fIel ships. transports. tenders to
to-pedo vessels. special type vessels
snd ammunition ships
~ this number there are to be built
D started in the next Ave years 10
Js,tlesnips or dreadnoughts OF the first
me battle cruisers. 10 scout cruis-
srs, 50 destroyers, IS feet submarines.
s. coast submarines. gunboats, 1
hospital snip, ammunition ships. :
'us, OIL ships and l repair ship.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-13
Special cable Dessatch 70 Tar Sr>


London. Dee. 13.-The SalOHica core.
spondent ~ the "Dsiiy Mall" telegraph.
ing Friday night, says'
"It Il unofiicialiy stated that the Ger.
man. and Buisarisns have reached
Dorian and that they are also within
four and q half miles Of Gueveheii'
which they have begun TO bom bard"
The Athens correspondent of the
Morning Post says that Turkish troop
said to consist OF three divisions. have
Joined the Au.tro-Gernan forces Mt
Dorian. They are to help in the pursuit
OF the allied troops should The latter lie
forced into Greek territory. the Bul'
garians withdrawing In order not ,e
arouse Greek public opinion.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-13
GERMANS HOLD U. S. SHIP.
Pris~ Court at HRmhura Dc~Ia res
Pass of Bahama "En~my vessel

HAMRuRG. via Amsterdam, Deo. le--
Tho American shin Pass of Bahama
has been declared an enemy yesse'
by a German prizc court here. on ev!-
dcnce g. the effect that she flew the
British Nag until the end of 1914. when
she was transferred to American req
istry
Henry H. Morgan, the American Con-
sul-,ieneral, attended the hearing.
The Pass OF Bahama was seized
while en lnutc 10 \rchangel Russia,
with a cargo of cotton. The cargo has
been sold for 100000 marks oahout
sd25,oo0 and judgment cove ing the
proceeds VIII b, rendered December is
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-13
No Evidence Of Murder, says .
Honolulu Despatch.

SAN FRANcrsco. Dec. ia despatch
from Honolulu tonight says there Is
no evidence that Lieut.-Col Bronwwell
was murdered and that the authorities
are satisfied that he committed suicide.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-13

For the first time in tho history of
modern naval building programmes in
ne lu'sd states the Secretary Of the
Navy IS found advocating a larger ex-
tenditure that than proposed by the
General Board OF the navy, which rec
t.n!aendsd an expenditure In the Same
I'VE year reriod OF S499.S76,0O0.
the General Boards recomme nd a tions
embrace tho same number OF dread :
""nsats, battle cruisers. scout cruisers
nd destroy"rs as that proposed by Sec
retary Daniels, but where Secretary Dan.
leIs recommends the construction of fif-
'een fleet submarines the General Boa rd
commended nine. and where Mr. Dan
l-'ss programme calls for eighty-five
soast submarines the General Board
Urged but fifty-eight.
For additional reserve ammunition the
GENERAL Board recommended $1,000. 900
- against MIR. Danlelss recommenda-
ton Of $4,000. 900. The principal dis.
melton as to cost figures. however. lies
" the fact that the General board urged
mat large proportion Of the money
Saoud ne expended in tho initial period
o. me A"s year programme. Mr.. Dan
- IN Ms report explains that because
OF tie oranped condition e< the shin.
'i1h he thought It better to equalize
ne construction work more evenly.
According to Mr.. Daniels the cost A q
rs m IN" programme call for the con-
''I''lo7 Of 4 larger type OF dreadnought
.'tn An" nation has ever attempted
"hf ~0Ne he states that the Depa RI ment
,'S nor Nnally approved the type de.
ss1ed 7. states that final determination
VIII de1Nnd on what Ia demonstrated to
- N" best type on the basis Of future
se''opments IN the war In Europe,
Why battle Crutseps Are Urr~d.
y 'ongress approves the recommen.
oa''on- II The Secretary as regards bat,
,'o cru ,s"rs II will be the first time tina,
'A' United States has undertaken IN.
'9's'-4''ion of this type OF vessel, nj.
lholr both Germany and Great Britain
nave adopted this type extensively,
''rnenting on the showing made b,
he-~ vo'sela ar we'll as scout cruiser,
" the European war. Secretary Dan,
i"ls ss,.:
I' 'ns early months Of the presen
Va tho world Witnessed q demonstra
TO. "i what could he accomplished In
.N' lection Of commerce destruction
United number OF small vessel,
''''lt .rnisers) operating In the oper
''" "errved ~ shore bases for refuel
continued on Fourth Page.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-13
HIGH CHURCH
ISSUE STIRS
CITY RECT0RS
Calling of Bishops inSpecial
Session Makes Situation
Become Acute.
PLEA TO KEEP COOL
WIDELY DISTRIBUTED

That the situation in tine Protestant
Episcopal Church arising out OF differ
ences between the High and the Low
Church parties is extremely intense was
made more evident yesterday by pulpit
deliveries in many Episcopal churches
In this city bearing on the discussion
resulting from the action OF the Episto-
pal board of Missions IN sending dele
gates TO the Panama Congress, from
which Roman Catholics were barred
A statement prepared BY bishop I'D
sail and signed by twenty-four clersi-
men. nearly all OF whom are New York
rectors, was distributed yesterday IN
Episcopal churches where the rectors
are OF the Low or Broad party urging
congregations and clerRynien to keep
cool and advising all not to 'indulge
in public speech or writing except with
fair recognition Of all existing facts.
Interest In the controversy that prom
ises TO have an important influence IN
the future of the Episcopal Church was
increased by the announcement that
the Right Rev. Daniel =. Tuttle. pre-
siding Bishop of the Episcopal church
in the United States. has confirmed 'hc
fact that special meeting o. the House
OF Bishops will he held In Philadelphia
on Wednesday. January -.
Twelve Bishops sian Reau-s'.
Bishop Tuttle telcgraphed from Ma
con. Ga. where he is holding a missi N.
that twelve Bishope had signed a re-
quest that he call a special meeting
and that more than forty Bishops have
promised to attend the session. The re-
auest was made to him shortly after
the meeting of the Board of Missions.
when three bishops and two clergymer.
including the Rev. br. william T. Man.
ming of Trinity. representing the High
Church elements. resigned.
The special meeting is called for the
purpose of elccting Bishop Of South
Dakota and such other business as may
properly come before the house. II In
said that a special meeting for the cleo
ton Of Bishop Ia mos, unusual, which
gives ground FOR the belief that the more
serious business 10 he transacted will re-
late to the differences between the
church parties that are apparently COM
ing TO head again after many years
OF more or less suppression.
II Is necessary that call for n meet
ing of the House of Bishops shall be
validated br a pledge Of constitu-
tional quorum tn attend, and suffi-
cient number of promises having been
obtained Bishop Tu,tle was able to fix
date. otherwise. AZ he explained. the
meeting would hs on"
Tho statement prepared by Bishop
Edsall. which the "Broads" made the r
own by signing their names contains
the declaration that he does not believe
there VIII be any diyison of the church
over the matter Of the Panama congress.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-13
rrrh Years E,penditures,

In the same period II IL proposed to
Spend Ns,oo0.000 on ships already
1'h1r!zed, s6,ooo000 on aviation and
$4,000, 300 on reserve munitions. tho
oval 20 ne expended on the entire pro-
rramnle elcn year being as follows:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-13

The Pass & Ru.hun}a, nN ucd 10y tao
Hardy ship company of New Yo,h, MAS
first seized IN tho North Sea h, Br''-
ish cruiser Wlu>' commando. .,a,"l
a prize rlcW auoH j hcr l.utcr - e.
MAN SuLmarin" made tac u 'ueA rtcv
prs urrs aud ru' \ 'iornWn prize crcN
aboard
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-13

Much significance was attached lcra
Tonight to the sratemcn, in the Ame--
lean note tina the good rnlatiorsSo.
the Two countries must rest NJ IN
common rcgnrd for la-r tnp>A
mani S." rhis wa. rocar,ioi i
iimn'ioN 90 thN Ntc';hood ot .
urrc or diplomatic relations r MI
failed - -a'iSf! TINS governments
In Aus'rp-Gc"mor diplomat" rirc,"s
to.Vich' 70 was evident ina me Nr-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-13
Bishop EdaaIi'. Statement.

II reads ar follows
From II fair consideration of the
facts II seems TO me clear that the Board
of Missions did not act contrary to
the direction of the General Convention
nor oontIavene the action OF the House
OF Bishops when it stuck 10 it's decision
to send delegates to Panama. In the
mind of any fair minded man the ques-
tion was reduced simply to that Of ex-
pediency. In my own opinion IL was
not only expedient but right. It IL also
TO be borne In mind that sending dele
gates does not involve the spending OF
money nor IL there "A proposition to ex-
pend In the future missionary funds in
Latin America in any other way than
that that has already been approved In
the wise conduct OF work In Brazil
Cuba, Porto Rico, Mexico and the Canal
Zone
Under these conditions, how can IL
possibly he urged that there IL danger
OF split in the Episcopal Church, -
All that Is necessary is that each and
all W MS coAtrol his temper and not
indulge In public speech or writing ex-
cept with fair recognition OF all exist
ing facts. In the past when we have
had controversies tho danger has con-
sisted not so much in radical divergence
standing OF terms or In failure to ba
fair in our statement of the viewpoint
of those who differ from us"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-13
AUSTRIA MUST "DENOUNCE" ACTS
OF SUBMARINES AS LNDEFENSLBLE;
BERLIN DLSAVOWS SPY I2ZNTELEN
TEXT OF NOTE TO AUSTRIA
ON SINKING OF ANCONA

1.-THE Of
to
ows:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-13
sisncrs New Work R-c,or..

All tne SlSllrTS are TertDrS or the
Diocese OF New York. Fourteen were
classified yesterday by one who IL in a
position to know as Broads They are
the Revs. Percy Stlckney Grant. Ascen-
sion William NJ Grosvenor. Cathedral :
william y. Guthrie, st. Marks, Henry
Mottet. Holy Communion. Harry p.
Nichols. Holy Trinity. Harlem Leigh
ton Parks. 81. Bartholomew's John +.
Peters, st. Michael's; william H. Pott.
Arohdeacon OF New York Karl Rel
land, st. Georges; Theodore Sedgewick
Calvary: Herbert Shipman. Heavenly
Rest John r. Steen. Ascension Memo
rial William r. Crocker, Epiphany. and
Nathan \, Seagle. ~. stephens.
Other signers. described by the same
authority az men 'who occupy middle
ground" are the Revs George r. Mel
son of the Cathedral; George r. Van
De Water. ct. Andrews. Harlem; Bishor
Courtney, ST. ,Iamess Francis A. Brown,
~. Mary's: Henry Lubeck, Zion and ST.
Timothy: Howard Robbins. Incarnation
Charles L. Slattery, Grace; ; Ernest VI.
Stires, ST Thomas's: DE Lancey Town
send, All Angels. and John A. Wade. ST.
John the Evangelist.
According 10 an agreement made by
those who attended the meetings which
preceded tho drafting Of the statement
ali those who AFFIXED their signatures to
II preached yesterday on the subjec,
matter in the document. II Is under.
stood that the sermons were TO be con,
sidered In the light of broadside from
the so-called Broad Church party.
BroacheA In Many Pulpits.
Tn some manner. however. High
Church clergymen In the city found ou,
Untn1 n hu and nj
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-13

continued on Fourth Page.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1915-10-14
BELFAST

A very delightful social evening was
enjoyed Tuesday night at the Belfast
Women's Club, when a large number
were entertained, the arrangements
being under the direction Of Vice
President Mrs. Essie P. Carrie. The at
fair was very informal and social and
music was interspersed, many enjoy
able selections by celebrated artists
being given through the medium OF
the Edison machine. Mrs. George R.
Williamson gave an informal talk on
the Williamson Tree, which the club
planted some time ago and of which
she was appointed custodian. She also
presented to the club a log book in
which to keep a record of the rare old
trees Of the city, which time is un-
fortunately removing. The record OF
the Williamson tree is the first to be
written in the book. Mrs. Amos Glenn
ent, president of the club, accepted the
gift gracefully in a brief speech. Mrs.
S. A. Parker briefly outlined the pro-
gram for the winter which promises to
be very entertaining and instructive.
Punch was served by Miss ENERGY
CHM, assisted by Mrs. Louis F. Gan
nor and Mrs. Charles E. Rhoades. The
next meeting will be held on Oct. 26,
when Rev. A.. E. Wilson will speak on
What the Great War is Making Plain
to U.s."
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1915-10-14
PALERMO

BRANCH MILLS-Mr. and Mrs.
Stephen Clark visited Mr.. Clark's
parents in Freedom Sunday.
Mrs. Dean Estes passed Saturday
and Sunday in Waterville with Mr..
and Mrs. ]. P. Goddard.
Mr.. and Mrs. S. G. Parmenter are
having a new chimney built in their
home. Mr.. Wells Of China is doing
the work assisted by Virgil Reed. He
is also having some carpentering done
by Sewell McCarteney.
Ray Clifford from Deer Hill is treat
ing the church to new coat Of paint.
Mrs. w. F. Jordan left for Boston
Saturday morning where she expects
to be gone three or four weeks.
The Sewing Circle was entertained
Saturday afternoon by Mrs. w. A. Nell
son. Eight members attended from
here and report very pleasant meet
ing.
The young people will furnish the
program in the Grange next Saturday
night, and the married members will
furnish a treat. In two weeks the
married people will furnish program
and the young people a treat.
There will be supper and social at
the Grange hall Thursday evening,
Oct. IA. for the benefit Of the church.
Supper will be served from $50 until
Z o'clock. Tickets for supper Is cents.
All are cordially invited.
The proceeds from the Grange fair
held here october 1st was $176 net.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1915-10-14
= Children Cry
FOR ,FLETcHER'S
casio RIA
NEW YORK STOCK MARKET
Features Of the Days Dealings in All
the Leading Stocks

New York. Oct. 1s.-specialties re-
sumed first place in speculative i'm
portance today. rails and other high
grade shares falling behind, mainly as
q result, 1t was said, of extensive for
eign selling. In fact, the markets pro-
fessional tone was at decided variance
with recent days. when the strength OF
seasoned stocks offered hope of a re-.
vival Of interest for investment
sources.
A majority Of the better known rail.
ways were l too 2 points lower. Read.
ing again showing great heayiness.
That stock and the Pacific, Fries and
GFangers were offered for Europaan
account to the extent Of $4,000 shares
According to general belief these sales
represented profit taking.
War shares were foremost IN thu ~.
Of the specfalttes. the Balkan situation
evidently being regarded az = bulIi.h
incident for that class Of stocks. R,eth-
lshem Steel rose 1e points to III. nv,
nigh record Of 4sS. ana studehska.
Also broke al previous record. w,th :
gain Of 10 70 1s4. The Maxwell Motor
issues rose 8 to 1 points abov. a.,
previous levels: chiefly on the decis,on
O the directors to pay back dividend.
= A4A per cent on the nrst preferred
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1915-10-14
MATTAWAMKEAG
LUMBER co. MILL
DAMAGED BY FIRE

.
Island Fails. Oct. 1s.-The Mat'a-
wamkeag Lumber Co.'S. mill IN TINS
town was badly Quilted by fire, the dam
aye amounting to $4,000 Tuesday eye
ming The machinery and shaftins on
The working floor, was badly damaged Dy
the flames and that on the lower MOOR
was considerably damaged by wafer
The engine and boiler room was ais'
considerably damaged.
The fire was discovered at aDou :.
SEQ O'Clock and it is thought that II
started from q hot box near the snins'e
machine on the working floor where 'ne
flames spread rapidly giving the 'oce'
firemen a hard fight to prevent the en-
tire mill from burning. At one time
eight streams Of water were Deins
used. The fire was gotten under con-
troll at about 10 o'clock but watchmen
we're kept on the premises during the
remainder Of the night to prevent 1uE'
Their outbreaks.
The f,re has necessitated the closing
4 the plant and about 20 men arc
temporarily thrown out Of employment
REPAIRS will be made as soon as the IN
suranco is adjusted and 1t is thought
that work may be resumed In about q
mcn,h.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1915-10-14

stock. General Meters. Baldv,, q
motto and L1ackawanna Steel
as minor industrials and alli.s &
improved 2 to 4 points. with !
for American Wooden at 81.
The market derived much o. /.
petus from United States Stea, q
advanced IN to SAN. its ton. 7.
tons in 1910. and within II no,.s
its record Of 1903. when anoths. !
boom in the steel industry was
swing. Total sales, amounted r. =.
900 shares, steel contributing ,sss
Among the market factors = !
day were the further reduction Z /
freight cars. the highly favorah,.
balance statement Of the dens,!
Of commerce and adviees from v.s:
sections Of the country po,r,,.
betterment in all lines Of trade
Quotations for foreign e,ox
were virtually unchanged from n
days low point. on nominal tr.ss
The bond market was stror.
increased activity in copper ca,
ibles at higher prices. Total sal.s
valued were $4,000. Gov.,..
bonds were unchanged on call
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1915-10-14

A seriouu blow has handicapped Names
chances In the cFoss-country game.
Dempsey; IT. last years tetter MATT
has had an attack OF sheart trouble wAlc''
viii probably keep him out this year.
Also. Hefrdck Il on probation for some
time. Preu and Libby. however. are
running ffne. Several promising Fresh
man are also showing gooa. -
A ball game was played Iuesaay
forenoon between the Freshmen anu
Sophomore classes. Both teams scored
early in the game. but It was not un-
til the last half Of the eighth that the
Sophomore aggregation was able 70
put the winning run across. Atesief,
who, 1t will be remembered. won the
l00-yard dash in the pumpkin meet
worked hard IN the box. HIS team
mate, Graves. did fine work behind
the bat. Frost, for the Sophomores.
pitched a fine game. He should make
good varsity material next spring.
The summary: Score. Sophomores ..
Freshmen 2. The batteries: Freshmen.
Zeigler and Graves; Sophomore.
Frost and Reardon. Umpire. Preti. IL.
The events Of the afternoon. held on
the lawn near the library. were under
the auspices Of the Round Table. The
program included folk dances. suit
case race, a race. between two teams
Of girls. a production OF the play
"Fate's Darling" and various other
amusements such as archery contests.
potato races and quoits. Music was
furnished by the Cadet Band. the ioiK
dancing was in charge Of Miss steb-
bins. Two old English dances were
performed in a very cfeditable man
ner. The play, also under the direc-
ton Of Miss Stebbins. scored de-
cided hit. Refreshments. appropriate
to the season Of the year. apples and
popcorn, were served. At the close.
several selections we're sung. led by
Professor Thompson. Everyone voted
the entertainment a success and ex-
pressed the desire that the Round Ia
+ Bile would hold similar occasions.