The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-03-21
country Is Land Poor and Progress Slow, Says Sun
Special investigator, Who Thinks America Should Be
Prepared to Have a Part in Building the Nation

called, has soap and candle factories,
ceramic works, and a cottonseed oil
mill. and is the trade centre for the
region.
Ca.lao. a ride OF a day and a night
from Payta, is the principal port OF
Peru. with a spacious harbor protected
in some degree on the s%outhwes; by
the picturesque and rocky island OF
san Lorenzo. Lima. the capital Of
Peru, is only ten miles distant from
this port. and may be reached either
10y steam or electric cars. II IL sit
uated on a level plain about I'VE hum
dred feet above the sea, on he River
itimac, which is dry except when
swollen by the melting SHOWS from
the mountains. Then a large part of
It's waters are diverted for irrigation,
for this plain is a portion OF the coast
desert, and nothing grows without
artificial watering.
Figaro landed at Callao. and
founded this city OF Lima in 1885. call
ing It The City of Kings having
conquered the highly civilized Incas,
the inhabitants Of this region. whose
empire extended over more than half
the continent. He gained possession
by accepting the invitation Of the un-
suspecting Emperor and then taking
him prisoner in his own capital. later
putting him TO death after a mock
trial. But he received just punish
ment for his treachery, for in only SIX
years he was assassinated. The very
spot was shown to me. II is near the
entrance OF Pizarro's palace, which Is
still used as the Capitol.
The forty or more viceroys who sue
ceeded one another In the government
Of this vast province continued
Pizarro's policy OF destroying the civ
! ilization OF the Incas and e~nslaving
the Indians. Early In the nineteenth
century began a movement for In
| dependence. but not until 1921 was
the republic of Peru founded. opposi-
ton continuing. however. until 1924
when. under Bolivar and Sucre. the
royalists were finally defeated. The
Spanish flag vas last pulled down
from a fort in the port of Caliao
Boundary questions have been trouble
some ever since the beginning OF TIE
republic, but II ever they are settled
Peru may have an opportunity to de-
yelop her and to take hei
place in the world.
Peru and Ecuador are continually
disputing their boundary, involrinl
the risk Of war. but similar disputes
with Chile are unlikely 10 produce
hostiltles merely because Peru l. toe
weak to attempt to regain her lost
provinces. Further. revolutions are
almost "a frequent as ever. one tool
place only last February. resulting II
the downfall Of Senior B~nlinGhurst,
President Whose administration wa'
wei. spoken Of.
Since 1890 Peru has been m the
hands Of the Peruvian Corporation
which has practically acted as a re-
ceiver, and the task OF administering
Peru's has not proved par
tlcularly remunerative. SIN, "A re-
cent declaration of a ! per cent. diN
dcnd upon Peruvian Corporation pref
erence stock seems to indicate tina
tho directors regard the future hope
fully. Peruvian preference Is AT pres
cnt quoted at 20le and tn" 4 per c"ni
~debentures at So.
As now bounded Peru has an arct
Of 6o5.9ls square miles, helnS two ant
a half times the size Of Texas, or ter
tines as large as tho whole Of New
England. Its coast line, II laid on GU
Atlantic seaboard. would extend from
Boston 10 Key Wes'. while II place.
IN western United states. Peru woul
reach from San Francisco 10 western
Kansas,
It Is naturally divided into three crca