Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1915-05-21
Straps and faets.

clined sharply, llreS Tell pacR 10 tneiI
recent low quotations and francs and
rubles broke all previous records for
weakness. The decline in sterling
bills was traceable to advices from
London, which stated that British
treasury officials were about to order
a suspension of new credits, pending
the completion of arrangements for
a new war loan Of larger proportions
than any preceding issue. The break
in francs was associated with reports
that a hitch had occurred in the
transfer Of 100,000,00O gold from
Paris to London, while the drop IN
rubles arose from misgivings regard :
ing the state Of Russian finances. 1t Is
regarded as noteworthy that German
exchange alone held steady, although
today's quotations were merely nor
NAL inasmuch as no actual transac-
tions were reported in this market
for Germany.
The Turkish ministry Of war
places the total number of men under
arms at present at 1,322,OO0. More
conservative estimates in Constantl-
nople give the number as about S0O,-
600. This includes 100000 Christians
who are being used for digging
trenches and building railways, roads
and bridges. The actual fighting men
are divided into five armies. The
first, encamped at Adrianople and
around Constantinople under Won der
Goltz, Is said to be about 1O0,0O0
strong. The second, under DJemal
Pasha, aims at Egypt with 16O,O00
men. The third is located around
Bagdad with $4,000. The fourth, IN
the Caucasus, number 10000, while
the fifth, estimated at something over
100000, is operating in the Nclnity
of the Dardanelles. Probably the
best equipped troops are gathered
around Constantinople, which Is also
admirably defended by concrete rings
of up-to-d date fortifications. An ex-
cellent battery has been placed in
position Immediately below the
mosque of St Sophia. Although the
German advisers of the government
have taken over practical command
Of military affairs, they make no at.
tempt to meddle in police and civil
matters. The press censorship, 1or
example, is under Turkish auspices
and correspondents, even from Ger
many, are handled ruthlessly. Thus
the correspondents Of the Cologne
Zeitung and the Deutches Armee
Zeitung have been interned at konla,
the correspondent Of the Neue Frele
years Imprisonment and the repre-
sentative of the Berlin Tageblatt has
been expelled.
There are nearly 100000 Eng
lishmen, Americans, Frenchmen, Rus
slams, Italians and Serbians now In
Switzerland, says a Geneva dispatch,
who will receive protection from the
Swiss Federal government in the
event Of Italy's entrance into the war.
From a military standpoint all 1our
Alpine-Swiss borders will be closed.
Although the government has re-
ceived formal guarantees that SWISS
neutrality will not be violated, II mas
taken stringent measures to safeguard
the frontier. There is no thought
however, Of a general Swiss moplh-
zation. The most important question
concerns food supply for more than
100000 persons who may soon be
surrounded by a wall of bayonets.
Hope is expressed that the belliger-
ent governments will give their aid.
The London Daily Mails corre-
spondent at Rotterdam sends an ac-
count Of an engagement between
Zeppelin and a squadron OF allied
aeroplanes in Belgium in which the
Zeppelin and two Of the allied aero
planes were destroyed. The CORE
spondent says he is convinced that
the story is accurate in every detal.
Two Zeppelins crossed over Brussels
travelling westward on May 1O. One
Of them returned alone at O'CLOCK
that evening and was surrounded and
attacked by the aeroplane squadron
Many persons counted twenty-seven
machines in the allied fleet. The
Zeppelin made a spirited fight with
it's machine guns and tried to escape
by soaring, but the aeroplanes ma
neuvered skilfully and quickly and
gave the dirigible no chance to get
away. The Zeppelin was disabled
in less than fifteen minutes and II
fell between Brussels and Ghent.
Several explosions accompanied its
fall and all the crew of sixty are
believed to have been killed. Two OF
the aeroplanes were destroyed and
their pilots killed by the Zeppelin's
fire.
The Cunard liner Transylvania,
which arrived at Glasgow from New
York, encountered a submarine of
the nsgthwest coast of Ireland about
O'Clock Saturday afternoon, accord
ing to passengers who arrived in Lon
don Tuesday. They say the subma-
rine appeared about 400 to 500 yards
away. The periscope and part of the
coming tower were in sight for sew
eral minutes. The Transylvania's s
captain Immediately turned the ship
and steered a zig-zag course until
danger was past. Some OF the pas
sengers declare the submarine dis
charged a torpedo at the Transyl-
vania, and that they saw white
streak of foam marking the course OF
the projectile. This is disputed by
others, who say such statements are
imaginative. Many of the passengers
were below and knew nothing OF the
incident at the time. 1t is said all
who were on deck behaved with the
greatest GOODNESS. Lifeboats were
prepared for immediate lowering on
Saturday morning. Few Of the pas
sengers went to bed on the last night
of the voyage. Kenneth Durward,
London business man, who returned
on the Pennsylvania from New York,
said: Il was looking over the stern OF
the ship at $50 o'clock in the after
noon when, in our wake, about SOU
yards astern, l saw what l at first be-
lieved was a porpoise. / called sew
eral passengers who were standing
near. We were Joined by the chief
engineer of the ship, who pronounc-
ed the object to be the coming tower
submarine. 7 fdSScu6Slo wiz
talked with the ships officers after
the submarine was reported to have
been seen, learned that the swerve
which the ship took at that moment
had nothing to do with the sighting
Of an undersea boat, as the captain
executed this movement to shape the
course with the sun. Captain Black
told several passengers he had seen
nothing of the submarine they be-
lieved they had sighted.
A letter from President Wilson
was made public at Louisville, KY"
last Tuesday, reaffirming his position
on the liquor question and amplifying
two previous letters on the subject,
known as the Shannon and Grogan
letters, which were written when Mr..
Wilson was governor of New Jersey.
The Shannon letter advocated local
option, as means of settling liquor
issues 1t said that liquor issues in
strued in Kentucky to mean they
brought disruption and rendered con-
structive legislation impossible. The
Grogan letter had been construed in
Kentucky to mean the writer favored
statewide prohibition. In view OF
the widely divergent interpretations
placed upon the two letters, w. B..
Haldeman, editor of the Louisville
Times, wrote the president reciting
that: Statewide prohibition has