davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-12-07

clude the usual deficiency estimates in
1917. and these additions would make
total deficit Of some S297 100000. If
the present taxes should be continued
throughout this year and the next
however. there would be a balance in
the treasury Of some S76,50o.0O0 at
the end Of the present fiscal year and
a deficit at the end Of the next year Of
only some $5o,OOO0OO, or, reckoning In
$62,o00,o0o for deficiency appropria-
tons and n safe treasury balance ut
the end of the year total deficit of
some S112. 100000. The obvious moral
of the figures Is that 1t Is plain coun-
sci Of prudence. to continue all of the
present taxes or their equivalents and
confine ourselves to the problem Of
providing S112,0O0,O00 Of new revenue
rather than S237 100000.
How shall we obtain the new rev
enue? We are frequently reminded
that there are many millions Of bonds
which the treasury is authorized under
! existing law to sell to reimburse the
sums paid out Of current revenues for
the construction of the Panama canal,
and 1t Is true that bonds for the
amount of 500, 49, 900 are now avail
able for that purpose. Prior to 1913
$13S, 100000 of these bonds had ac-
tually been sold to recoup the eXpendi-
lures at the isthmus, and now con-
stitute a considerable item Of the pub
lie debt. But l for one do not believe
that the people Of this country approve
Of postponlng the payment of their
bills. Borrowing money Is shortsight-
ed finance. It can be justified only
when permanent things are to be ac-
comp1ished which many generations
will certainly benefit by and which it
seems hardly fair that single genera
ton should pay for. The objects we
are now proposing to spend money for
cannot be SO classified. except in the
sense that everything wisely done may
be said to be done In the interest of
posterity as well as In our own. It
seems to me n clear dictate Of pru-
dent craftsmanship and frank finance
that in what we are now, I hope, about
to undertake we should pay US we go.
The people of the country are entitled
to know just what burdens of taxation
they are to carry and to know from the
outset now. The new bills should be
paid by internal taxation.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-12-07

of individual liberty and of the free
labor that supports life and the I'M
censored thought that quickens 1t.
Conquest and dominion are not in our
reckoning or agreeable to our princi-
pies. But just because we demand I'M
molested development and the undis-
turbed government Of our own lives
upon our own principles of right and
liberty, we resent, from whatever
quarter it may come, the aggression we
ourselves will not practice. We insist
upon security in prosecuting our self
chosen lines of national development.
We do more than that. We demand it
also for others. We do not confine our
enthusiasm for individual liberty and
free national development to the incl
dents and movements of affairs which
affect only ourselves. We feel it wher-
ever there is people that tries to walk
in these difficult paths of independence
and right. From the first we have
made common cause with all partisans
of liberty on this side the sea and have
deemed it as important that our neigh
bors should be free from all outside
domino ton as that we ourselves should
be; have set America aside as whole
for the uses of independent nations and
political freemen.
Out of such thoughts grow all our
policies. We regard war merely as
means Of asserting the rights Of a peo-
pie against aggression. And we are
as fiercely jealous Of coercive or dicta-
torial power within our own nation
as of aggression from without. We
will not maintain standing army ex.
cept for uses which are as necessary
in times Of peace as In times of war. =,
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-12-07

department an effective navy consist
ing OF q battleships of the first line, 6
battle cruisers, 25 battleships Of the
second line, 10 armored cruisers, Is
scout cruisers, 8 first class cruisers, 8
second class cruisers, 10 third class
cruisers, 10S destroyers, 10 fleet sub
marines, 157 coast submarines. mon
itors, 20 gunboats, supply ships. 10
fuel ships, 4 transports. tenders to
torpedo vessels, vessels of special
types and two ammunition ships. This
would be navy fitted to our needs
and worthy Of our traditions.
But armies and Instruments of war
are only part Of what has to be con-
sidered II we are to consider the SUI
preme matter Of national self sufficien-
cy and security in all its aspects.
There are other great matters which
will be thrust upon our attention
whether we will or not. There is, for
example, very pressing question Of
trade and shipping involved in this
great problem of national adequacy.
1t is necessary for many weighty rea-.
sons. of national efficiency and devel-
merchant marine. The great merchant
feet we once used to make US rich,
that great body of sturdy sailors who
used to carry our flag into every sea.
and who were the pride and often the
bulwark Of the nation. we have almost
driven out of existence by inexcusable
neglect and Indifference and by n hope
lessly blind and provincial policy of
SO called economic protection. 1t is
high time we repaired our mistake and
resumed our commercial independence
on the seas.
With a view to meeting these press
ing necessities OF our commerce and
availing ourselves ut the earliest posi-
Bile moment Of the present unparalleled
opportunity of linking the two Ameri-
cas- together in bonds of mutual inter
est and service, an opportunity which
may never return again If we miss 1t
now, proposals will be made to the
present congress for the purchase or
construction Of ships to be owned and
directed by the government similar to
those made to the last congress, but
modified in some essential particulars.
l recommend these proposals to you
for your prompt acceptance with the
more confidence because every month
that has elapsed since the former pro-
posals We're made has made the ne
cessity for such action more and more
manifestly imperative. That need was
then foreseen. It is now acutely felt
and everywhere realized by those for
whom trade Is waiting, but who can
find no conveyance for their goods. l
am not SO much interested in the par
ticulars Of the program as I am in
taking immediate advantage of the
great opportunity which awaits us If
we will but act in this emergency. In
this matter. as in all others, spirit Of
common counsel should prevail, and
out of it should come an early solu-
ton of this pressing problem.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-12-07
PAN-AMERICANISM HAS
NONE OF EMPIRES SPIRIT.
Economic Adjustments Inevitable With
in the Next Generation.

Economic Adjustments Inevitable With
in the Next Generation.
The moral Is that the states Of Amer
lea are not hostile rivals, but coop
Grating friends, and that their grow
ing sense Of community of interest,
alike in matters political and in mat
1ers economic, Is likely to give them a
new significance as factors in interna-
tionai affairs and in the political his
tory Of the world. 1t presents them as
IN very deep and true sense a unit
IN world affairs, spiritual partners,
standing together because thinking to-
sether. quick with common sympathies
and common ideals. Separated, they
are subject to all the cross currents of
Inc confused politics Of world Of hos
uie rvalries; united In spirit and pur-
pose, they cannot be disappointed of
their peaceful destiny.
This is pan-Americanism. It has none
OF The spirit OF empire in It, It is the
embodiment, the effectual embodiment,
OF the spirit of law and independence
ana liberty and mutual service
The president calls attention to the
meeting In Washington recently Of
representatives Of the pan-American
republics and says that economic ad-
lJustment is inevitable in the next gen
Grafton.
NO one who really comprehends the
spirit OF the great people for whom we
are appointed to speak can fail to per
.elve that their passion is for peace.
.neir genius best displayed in the prac-
oce OF the arts Of peace. Great democ-
llacies are not belligerent. They do not
seek or desire war. Their thought Is
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-12-07
REGULATIONS TO MEET
RAILROAD PROBLEM.
Needed to Make Lines More Useful
Servants of Country.

Needed to Make Limos More Useful
Servants of Country.
In the meantime may l make this
suggestion? The transportation prob
lem is an exceedingly serious and
pressing one in this country. There
has from time to time of late been rea-
son to fear that our railroads would
not much longer be able to cope with
1t successfully. as at present equipped
and co-ordinated. l suggest that it
would be wise to provide for COM
mission of inquiry to ascertain by a
thorough canvass of the whole ques-
ton whether our laws as at present
framed and administered are rs serv-
iccable as they might be In the solu-
| ton of the problem. 1t is obviously
problem that lies ut the very foun-
dation OF our efficiency as people.
Such an inquiry ought to draw out
every circumstance and opinion worth
considering. and we need to know
oil sides of the matter If we mean to
do anything in the field Of federal leg
islation.
No one. l am sure, would wish to
take any backward step. The regula-
ton of the railways Of the country by
| federal commission has had admirable
results and has fully justified the
| hopes and expectations of those by
whom the policy Of regulation was
originally proposed. The question Is
not, What should we undo? 1t is
| whether there is anything else we can
do that would supply us with effective
| means, in the very process OF regu-
| lation, for lettering the conditions I'M
der which the railroads are operated
and for making them more useful serv-
ants OF the country as a whole. 1t
seems to me that it might be the part
| of wisdom. therefore, before further
| legislation in this field Is attempted
to look at the whole problem of co-or-
dination and efficiency in the full light
Of q fresh assessment of circumstance
{ and opinion. as a guide to dealing with
the several parts Of it.
| For what we are seeking now, what
! in nv mind is the single thought Of
| this message, is national efficiency and
security. We serve 4 great nation.
| We should serve it in the spirit OF Its
peculiar genius. 1t is the genius OF
common nen for self government, in
dustry. justice. liberty and peace. We
should see to it that it lacks n6 in
! strument. no facility or vigor of law.
to make it sufficient to play its part
| with energy. safety and assured sue
ress. In this we are no partisans but
heralds and prophets of new age
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-12-07
SHOULD AGREE ON POLICY
IN THE PHILIPPINES.
Recommends Early Adoption Of Meas
ures Giving Them Fuller Justice.

Recommends Early Adoption Of Meas
ures Giving Thorn Fuller Justice.
| The president recommends the early
| adoption Of bills for the alteration and
reform Of the government of the Phil
ippines and for rendering fuller polit-
ical justice to the people Of Porto Rico,
which We're submitted to the Sixty
| third congress. The president refers
to the increased cost Of carrying out
the plans for the armed forces Of the
nation and tells Of the fiscal problems
confronting the government
On the 30th Of June last there was
an available balance in the general
fund Of the treasury Of $1O4, ITO, 1O5.7S.
The total estimated receipts for the
year 1916, on the assumption that the
emergency revenue measure passed by
the last congress will not be extended
beyond its present limit, the 31st Of
December, 1915, and that the present
duty Of l cent per pound on sugar will
be discontinued after the LIST Of May.
1916, will be $670,365, 500. The balance
Of June last and these estimated rev.
enues come therefore to grand total
Of $774,535, COSTS. The total estimated
disbursements for the present fiscal
year, including twenty-five millions for
the Panama canal, twelve millions for
probable deficiency appropriations and
$4,000 for miscellaneous debt redemp-
tons, will be $753, S01 900. and the bal
ance in the general fund Of the treas
ury will be reduced to $20.G44,G05.7
The emergency revenue act If contin-
ued beyond its present time limitation
would produce during the half year
then remaining about forty-one mil
lions. The duty Of l cent per pound
on sugar If continued would produce
during the two months of the fiscal
year remaining after the 1st Of May
about fifteen millions. These two sums,
amounting together to Gfty-six mil
lions. If added to the revenues of the
second half of the fiscal year would
yield the treasury at the end of the
year an available balance of $7G.644
COSTS.
The additional revenues required to
carry out the program of military and
naval preparation Of which l have
spoken would. as at present estimated.
be for the fiscal year 1917 93,S00.O0O.
Those figures. taken with the figures
for the present fiscal year which !
have already given. disclose our flnan-
cIal problem for the year 1917. AS
Stunning that the taxes imposed by the
emergency revenue act and the pres
ent duty on sugar are to be discontin-
ued and that the balance at the close
Of the present fiscal year will be only
$50, 644.GO5. 7S. that the Disbursements
for the Panama canal will again be
about S25,O0oO0O and that the addi-
tional expenditures for the army and
navy are authorized by the congress.
the deficit in the general fund of the
treasury on the Both Of June. 1917.
will be nearly S235. 100000. To this
sum at least s5oOo0.OOO should be add
ed to represent safe working balance
COR the treasury and S12,000,OOo to in
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-12-07
SUGGESTS BROAD PLAN
FOR NATIONAL DEFENSE.
Increase Standing Regular Force-Four
Hundred Thousand Citizen Soldiers.

Increase Standing Regular Foroe-Four
Hundred Thousand Citizen Soldiers.
But war has never been mere mat
ter Of men and guns. 1t is thing
OF disciplined might. If our citizens
are ever to fight effectively upon a
sudden summons, they must know
how modern fighting is done. and what
to do when the summons comes to
render themselves Immediately avail
able and Immediately effective. And
the government must be their servant
In this matter, must supply them with
the training they need to take care Of
themselves and Of it. The military
arm of their government, which they
Will not allow to direct them, they may
properly use to serve them and make
their independence secure, and not
their own independence merely. but
the rights also of those with whom
they have made common cause. should
they also be put in jeopardy. They
must be fitted to play the great role
In the world, and particularly in this
hemisphere, for which they are quail
fed by principle and by chastened am
biton to play.
1t is with these ideals in mind that
the plans Of the department Of war for
more adequate national defense were
conceived which will be laid before
you, and which I urge you to sanction
and put into effect as soon as they can
be properly scrutinized and discussed.
They seem to me the essential first
steps. and they seem to me for Che
present sufficient.
They contemplate an increase OF the
standing force Of the regular army
from it's present strength Of 5,O23 OFF,
GERS and 1O2,9S5 enlisted men of all
services to a strength Of 7,136 officers
and 134,7O7 enlisted men, or 141.S43
all told, all services, rank and file, by
the addition Of fifty-two companies Of
coast artillery, fifteen companies of en-
gineers, ten regiments of infantry, four
regiments Of field artillery and four
aero squadrons, besides $50 officers re-
ouired for a great variety Of extra
service. especially the all important
duty Of training the citizen force Of
which I shall presently speak. 1872 nom
commissioned officers for service in
drill, recruiting and the like and the
necessary quota OF enlisted men for
the auartermaster corps. the hospital
corps. the ordnance department and
other similar auxiliary services. These
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-12-07
Declares That if Full Navy Pre-.
gram Is Carried Out We viii
Have a Fleet For Defense That
Will Be Fitted to Our Needs
and Worthy of Our Traditions"
Greatest Danger to Country
Comes From Within Our Bor-
derS.

are the additions necessary to render
the army adequate for its present du-
ties, duties which it has to perform
not only upon our own continental
coasts and borders and at our interior
army posts, but also in the Philippines.
in the Hawaiian Islands, at the 18TH
mus and in Porto Rico.
BY way Of making the country ready
to assert some part of its real power
promptly and upon larger scale
should occasion arise the plan also
contemplates experimenting the army
by force Of 100000 disciplined citi-
zens, raised in increments Of $4,000 a
year throughout a period of three
years. This it Is proposed to do by a
process of enlistment under which the
serviceable men of the country would
with the colors for purposes Of train
ing for short periods throughout three
years and to come to the colors at call
at any time throughout an additional
''furlough" period of three years. This
force Of 100000 men would be pro-
vided with personal accouterments as
fast as enlisted and their equipment
for the field made ready to be supplied
at any time. They would be assem-
blcd for training at stated intervals at
convenient places in association with
suitable units Of the regular army.
Their period Of annual training would
not necessarily exceed two months in
the year.
The president says it is up to the
patriotic young men of the country to
respond to this call. ...
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-12-07

The circulation of The
Daily Gate City has
more than doubled I'M
der the present manage
ment without voting
contests, premiums, OF
circulation SC h e m e S.
Men and women buy
The Gate City because
they want it. It is a
newspaper and it is pur-
chased because it is a
newspaper. The kind of
circulation a newspaper
acquires is of as much
value as the quantity.
The Gate City has been
very careful to make
both quantity and quail
ity of such character
that it would give to the
advertiser the largest
possible results. w Q
hoya S11cean6ad
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-12-07
. GLOWING is the message of
President Wilson delivered at
joint session of the senate and
house at the beginning of the

house at the beginning of the
sixty-fourth congress:
Gentlemen of the Congress Since /
last had the privilege Of addressing
you on the state of the Union the war
of nations on the other side Of the sea,
which had then only begun to disclose
its portentous proportions, has extend
ed it's threatening and sinister scope
until it has swept within its flame
some portion Of every quarter of the
globe, not excepting our own hemi-
sphere. has altered the whole face of
International affairs, and now presents
q prospect of reorganization and re-
construction such as statesmen and
peoples have never been called upon
to attempt before.
The president tells how this country
practiced neutrality and declares that
he hopes that when the time comes
for read justment and recuperation this
country will be Of infinite service. Re-
ferring to Central and South American
problems, the president declares that
we should retain undated the spirit
which has inspired us throughout the
whole life Of our government and
which was 50 frankly put into words
by President Monroe.
We have been put to the test in the
case of Mexico and we have stood the
test Whether we have benefited Mex
leo by the course we have pursued re-
mains to be seen. Her fortunes are in
her own hands But we have at least
proved that we will not take advan-
tage of her in her distress and under
take to impose upon her an order and
government Of our own choosing. Lib
erty is often a fierce and intractable
thing. to which no bounds can be set
and to which no bounds OF few
mems choosing ought ever to be set.
Every American who has drunk at
the true fountains of principle and ira
dition must subscribe without reserva-
ton to the high doctrine Of the Vir-
ginia bill of rights, which in the great
days in which our government was set
up was everywhere among us accept.
ed as the creed of free men. That doc
trine is, 'That government is or ought
to be instituted for the common bene-
fit, protection and security Of the peo-
pie, nation or community" that 'of
ai the various modes and forms of
government, that is the best which is
capable of producing the greatest de-
gree Of happiness and safety and is
most effectually secured against the
danger of maladministration, and that
when any government shall be found
inadequate or contrary to these pur-
poses majority of the community
hath an indubitable. inalienable and
indefeasible right to reform, alter or
abolish 1t in such manner as shall be
judged most conducive to the public
veal" We have unhesltatingly ap-
piled that heroic principle to the case
of Mexico and now hopefully await
the rebirth Of the troubled republic,
which had SO much of which to purge
itself and so little sympathy from any
outside quarter in the radical but nee
essary process. We will aid and be-
friend Mexico, but we will not coercc
her. and our course with regard to her
ought to be sufficient proof to all Amer
lea that we seek no political suzerainty
or selfish control.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-12-07
PRESIDENT WILSON'S MESSAGE

National Preparedness Main
Theme Of Head Of Nation.
Submits Definite Plan to In
crease Present Standing Force
of Regulars and For Four Hun
dred Thousand Citizen Soldiers
Raised In Increments Of One
Hundred and Thirty-three
Thousand.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-12-07

"The character of cirosl-
lation is largely deter
mined by the methods en-
ployed to secure it," he
says. ANY circulation, to
give full value, must be
made up Of subscribers
who buy the paper to
read It. Premium, scheme
and calculations inflated
by artificial means are
not nearly as valuable to
the advertiser as q homo
circulation secured with
out any catoh-penny or
bonus attachments.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-12-07
."How Did
You Get
It?'

In his book News
paper Advertising
G. H. f. Hawkins
urges advertisers to
demand that news
paper publishers
answer the above
question in connec-
ton with their cir
culatiOn st a t e )
IrentS.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-12-07
"The value of q newspa-
per to an advertiser is the
number of people who
take it every day just be-
cause they want it and
believe in it, and not be-,
cause Of any forced circu-
lation method or premium
scheme.

"Look into the method by
which the publisher Sc
cures his circulation as
well as the number Of
actual copies he sells. Of
what earthly use to an adj
vertiser is a voting con-
test circulation where one
reader buys from one to .
thousand copies Of a pa
per just to win a grand
piano or a free trip to
Europe?''
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-01-11
GRAND JURY WILL
MAKE INVESTIGATION
Love Triangle and Poisoning Of Two
Babies VIII Be the Subject
Of the Probe.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service.1
NEW YORK. Jan. 11.-Mrs. Ida
Sniffen Walters staying Of her two
babies. her relations with their father,
Lorlys Elton Rogers, and all the
angles of a remarkable love triangle
with tragic ending were to be made
the subject Of grand jury Investigation
today.
A dozen witnesses were to appear
before the Bronx county grand Jury
today and probably as many tomor-
row. District Attorney Martin an.
nounced that he would ask the jurors
to vote murder Indictment against
Mrs. Walters and to ascertain wheth-
er she alone is responsible for the
poisoning OF the two children. Jackie
and Lorida
While witnesses were gathering for
the probe, two policemen were on
guard at Lebanon hospital with In
structions to admit no ono to the bed
side OF Mrs. Walters, who Is slowly
recovering from the effects of mer-
curry. Specifically they were directed
to keep Rogers from the room