The farmer and mechanic., 1915-09-07

i'y II has peen one or the profound /
est strategic conceptions Of the war
the idea of great military mind.
Despite the delay and disappoint
ment, nobody now seriously doubts
that the objective will be attained |
COnstantinople will be taken. the
gates of the Black Sea will be opened
ana warm water Seaports Will be Sc
cured to Russia during the coming
winter. Thus will she be assured Of
without; but further, she will be able
to pay for them with exports. espe-
claliy with grain, so much needed by
ner allies. This outcome will fully
| justify the cost in lives in money
and in powder and shell since the
| hrst landing was made on April 25
| But apart from the proba bility of a
victorious outcome, the Dardanelles
! operations have been justified bv
their results. To England, their pri-
mary reward was the instant cessa-
| tlOn or the campaign of the Turks
against Egypt, most dangerous fea
| lures of which were the Indictment
to revolt among the disaffected young
{ Egyptian leaders and the possi bility
OF Mohammedan unrest in the re
gIons of Africa-Freneh, Italian and
| BrltlSh-Wherein the SenuSSi are a
| formidable element, flaming out in
the form of a jehad. From the mo-
ment an attack was made on the ap-
proaches to Stamboul the Turks drop
ped all their aggressive schemes and
concentrated all their strength upon
a desperate defense of their Euro
} pean capital. Russia profited almost
equally with England, for, although
she still keeps a small army operat-
ing to the west Of the Back Sea and
in northern Armenia, the reduction
: of Turkish effort in that field has en-
L hIpG In nf
troops from the Caucasus to retard
the great drives of Hindenburg and
T MackenSen. Thus the Dardanelles
struggle, which has not cost her a
[ man, has been worth to Russia al
least zoe. goo men in the main fiel6
of operations. Besides these militar,
advantages to England and Russia
r the campaign has had momento,R
l political consequences. 1t was doubt
t less strong factor in bringing ltal.
Il to the side of the Allies. 1t has hat
: an appreciable influence upon tn
> policy of Greece and no small effec
e upon Bulgaria and Rumania. Shoul'
n one or more Of these give adhesion
81 presently to the Allies cause tn
Eardanelles venture, whatever it
W MINOR mistakes, may be regarded a
l. the determining factor in the East
g ern situation.
No Compensation.
10 Although there has been no gen
$. crai fleet action since the opening Q
rt the war, the losses in ships have bee
r. considerable. To Germany and Aus
ut tria such losses remain uncompen
g. stated by any appreciable militar
of advantage. The British authorize
m declare and most assurcdiy are just
rs fled in believing that their naval los
as ses are trivial price for the in
1t lnense success of the year at Sc;
& a q
to an undisputed certainty that tf
in British navy is much stronger toda
EN- than it was when the war began
IS. tabulation of the naval losses of a
e. the belligerents made on August
" the end of the year, showed tn;
e. down to that date Great Britain ha
ne lost 80 ships: France, Is: Russia,
and japan. 8: total, SO, with an a:
gregate of about 100000 tons
es may be remarked that the list il
IT. cludes the Dreadnought Audacio
nd of $4,000 tons. 1t is now well unde
en- stood that this ship was not lost b
,r- only damaged, and she is again
w commission. On the TeutOnic side Il
m losses We're: Germany, 81: Turke
,er 5; Austria, 4; total 76, with a tot
av tonnage considerably above 20o,oC
nd In number of vessels the German lo
he is vastly greater than the AlheS
SUI in tonnage it is very much less. I
of reason is that many of the light
Ike German vessels were caught at sc
les the heavy ones nave kept III Sal
IT behind their boomS and mine flei
,en and shore batteries. During the CT
ar rent month the British loss has be
ON very small, light cruiser or two d
ing a submarine Inc 'Ier1lahS anu ui
his have both SUFFERED heaNIy as "ith'
are the battle OF tne Gun oi hiSd c.
ith the sinking of the Haireddin Bart
rOSSa
ak The british losses have beyo
M question been more than offset
ms new units completed and cOmmisslt
is ed When the war broke out the T
val lowing vessels were SO lar doN dh'
of in construction that their readIn
ga within the year was assured:
in Rattleships-Queen Elizabeth, W;
oti- spite Valiant, Barham ca, all OF z
lied 500 tons and 25-knot speed. carryl
ar eight 15-inch and sixteen 6inch 81