davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1915-03-28
j The Searchti8ht ]
Laws of the Ancients.

The oldest code of laws in the world
has lately been added to the Babylonic
collection of Yale University as a re-
suit of archaeological research. 1t in
cludes PSI sections Of the laws of Baby
lonia enacted during the reign of Ham
murabi.
Hammurab was cotemporary of
Abraham. and reigned from the year
22S5 to the year 2242 B.C.. according
to well authenticated records. The
newly discovered laws are engraved
upon block or diorite rock about
seven feet in length. Bible students
will he Interested to know that this
old code contains many of the thoughts
incorporated in the Mosaic law, as re-
vealed in the book of Exodus. espe-
cially in the twentieth and twenty-hrst
hapters, although, according to arcneo-
logical proofs, it must have preceded
Moses by more than two centuries.
complete translation of this old
code is now being made, and VIII be
published under the auspices of the
Yale Almuni Association.
Evening star., 1915-03-28
CULPEPER.
Special Correspondence of The Star.

Special Correspondence Of The Star.
CULPEPER, Va, March 27.-Raleigh
T. Green. owner of the Culpeper Ex-
ponent and active in the Wilson cam
paign in this part of Virginia, has re-
Gently received an appointment with
the new federal trade commission. Mr.
Green resigned his Office OF deputy
clerk of the court, which he has held
for the past year, before gong 10
Washington to enter upon his new
duties.
Miss Matte Brown died Monday at
the home of her sister, Mrs. T. smith.
She had been i'll many months. me
funeral was held from the Baptist
Church, the pastor officiating. inter-
men. in Fairview cemetery; ,
tended the state convention OF the v1r-
ginia Anti-saloon League in Norfolk
as local delegate following the leglS-
lative adjournment, returned TO Cui-
pepper this week.
Dr.. Maphis, member of the faculty
of the University of Virginia, lectured
before the Mothers CLUB of the cui-
pepper High School Monday evening
lines of educat tional work. giving espe-
cial attention to the health of public
school pupils and briefly sketching the
sanitary conditions which make for
health.
There were interesting farmers meet
ings held at the old Oak Shade
Church. near Rixeyville. Monday, at
Lignum Gn lower Culpeper). Tues
day and at Brandy station Wednes-
lay. taking in all parts of the couney.
lectures on the special federal cam
paign to fight hog cholera were made
" Dr. Hays. Prof. J. r. IIutcheson
delivered addresses on animal indus
" and Prof Ralston talked about the
home orchard and home garden.
Uncle" Elijah Jones, colofed, who is
elieved to have been III years old,
Evening star., 1915-03-28
HERND0E.

Special Correspondence Of The Star.
HERNDON, Va. March 27.-Mrs. Gym
thia Bell. widow of George w.
Bell of Herndon, died at the home OF
her sister. Mrs. William Ring, in Pitts
field, y. H., March 10. Funeral services
We're held in Chestnut Grove cemetery.
this place. Tuesday, Rev. John c. Kerr
conducting the short service at the
grave. Mrs Bell was born in Canada
nearly eighty-siX years ago She and
Mr.. Bell were for many years residents
of Herndon. She is survived by two
sisters-Mrs. Mitchell of Chicago and
Mrs. Ring of Pittsfield-and one broth
er: also grandson, who resides in
Concord. n II.
Roger the eighteen month -old son of
Mr.. and Mrs. David Mahoney died
Evening star., 1915-03-28
THE SUNDAY STAR WASHINGTON D. c. MARCH 1el5-PARr

Monday after a short illness OF pneu-
monia. Rev. B. w. n. Simms conducted
the funeral service.
The Methodist Episcopal Church South
has purchased the lot on the south
side of Fred Albaugh's residence. also
a lot from Mrs. Carson Hyatt, TO the
north of her residence, on which VIII
be erected at an early date the church
tor. is attending the 131st session Of
the Baltimore conference. His pulpit
VIII be occupied tomorrow by Rev.
William C. Boswell of Roanoke. Va.
F. w. Bohrer has exchanged his resi-
dence and land on Park street for the
farm of MVlow Roach, near Dranesville.
The first base ball game of the sea-
son took place here Wednesday after
noon between the local high school and
the Ashburn High School teams. re-
sulting in a victory for Herndon, the
score being 10 to A.
The School League held an interesting
ing part in the program being William
5. Aud, Roland Wheeler. Ernest Glib
son. Harold F. Hanes. Leonard White,
Mrs Mary s. Moftitt, Elizabeth Ellis.
Evelyn kephart, Misses Ella Carter
Hodgdon and Ruth Richards. y debate.
Resolved. That the Country Child Is
Better Fitted for Life Than the City
Child" was given, Harold Hanes and
Este!le Mohler for the affirmative: John
Ankers and Martha Taylor for the
Samuel Wrenn suffered an attack of
paralysis Tuesday, his condition being
slightly improved now.
Rev. A. G.. Grinnan of Falls Church
conducted Lenten services at st. Tim
othys Wednesday afternoon.
The engagement of Miss Matilda Mid
dleton, daughter OF Mr.. and Mrs. How
ard Middleton, and Joseph Starr OF
Pennsylvania mas been announced, the
wedding to take place April 5.
The last meeting of the Herndon
Seminary Music Club was held with
Miss Nettie Bradshaw. Music from the
oratorios tmostly from HandeD, was
rendered by Misses Castleman. Brad
shaw. Lee, Thompson. Merritt. Ford.
McMillin and Mrs. f. Barbour Hutch
ison, and Messrs. Harry Starr and Al
bert Summers.
The Presbyterian churches of Aldie
and Floris have called to their pas
torate Rev. q. +. Arrowood of Canda,
n. {.
Evening star., 1915-03-28

Probably the most important part OF
a car is its battery equipment, and the
owner of q number of ears will be Wen
repaid If he places competent men IN
charge to look after the detail Our
batteries are looked over every night. and
the results have fully justified the trou-
BILE, for we have been running now Tor
two years and seven months on the orlsl-
nal batteries and they are in very
good condition today and apparently good
for long time.
.'In our garage we aim to give each
battery a good overcharge every two
weeks, and water the pilot cells Just
before the overcharges. The batteries
do not usually need watering more
than once in two weeks. Readings are
taken Immediately after overcharglnS.
and we attempt to equal this reading
each night.
Readings of both hydrometer and
temperature are taken as far as. pos
sible every day. the rule being to read
twice each night. and special care is
taken to compare temperature with
gravity When the temperature IN
creases the hydrometer reading Will
drop, and it has been found that an
increase of 10 degrees F. will result
in Il decrease of three points in the
hydrometer reading. If the results vary
from the above, the battery man looks
for the trouble and remedies 1T I'M
Evening star., 1915-03-28
Plea for Shade Trees.

From the Montreal Star
Shade trees are rapidly dying out in
many of our streets; this is frankly
admitted by civic officials. For years
past spasmodic efforts have been made
for better care Of the trees generally.
but little of practical nature has
been achieved. One cause for this Is
the meager amount annually voted for
tree culture, care and planting. rms
city spends less on such work thah
anv other Of it's size on the continent.
In many of the big United States cities
the Importance of making streets at
tractive, by the planting Of shade trees,
is demonstrated by their appointing
special commissions who have sole
charge Of this branch of the civic serv-
ice The results thus obtained have
been most satisfactory.
Evening star., 1915-03-28
Care of Batteries.

Charging batteries in cars is q com
paratively simple operation. but is
often done in slipshod manner. We
often see loose ends of cable lying
around the floor. and the employe sim
ply picks up one of these. places the
plug in the receptacle and goes about
his business.
When the car is fully charged Tie
cable is thrown on the floor and left
there. catching dirt and rubbish and,
worst of all. water. When ] designed
our garage. we brought all cables over
head. then dropped the ends down, the
free end being long enough TO form a
loop. To this loop there is attached a
counterweight. and the cable, when
not in use, is high up and out of the
way
when the car is TO lie charged the
garage man pulls the end down with a
special hook made for the purpose, and
after the car is charged and the plug
taken out OF the car receptacle the
counterwetght raises the cable out Of
the way. BY adopting this method we
have been able to keep the floor clear
Of wires Of all kinds. and it can be
cleaned with hose without any
danger of running the cable
In our garage each car has sepa-
rate charging panel. This may seem
unusual. and In public garages would
probably not be advisable. but the use
of Individual panels permits US to keep
an absolute record of the current used
BY each car.
at the bottom Of each panel are
mounted protective devices. consisting
ri low g-current cut-out, which auto
ruattcaily opens the circuit " the cur
rent drops TO a predetermined mini
mum; maximum voltage cut-out TO
rfteu automatically the circuit when
the battery voltage reaches the point
at which the cut-out IL set to operate
q solenoid switch, and an overload
circuit breaker.
Evening star., 1915-03-28
ARMY NAVY.
Army Orders.

Capt William III. Patterson. l2th IN
fantry, is detailed as inspector-instructor
to the state of Illinois. and Will take
station at Aurora, Ill.
Mai. Andrew Moses, general stah' -
detailed as a member of the board ol
officers appointed for the purpose OF max
ing the annual inspection OF the ii'iiitais
departments of educational INSTITUTIONS
a. which officers of the army are detailed
as professors of military science any t
tactics. vice Capt Howard l.. Laupach'
general staff. relieved
Naval Orders.
Lieut. junior grade) }. NJ peei''
Lieut.. Junior grade) H. '. .ape.
Lieut.. Junior grade) Z. H. Enghsh anu
I.ieut. ,lunior grade) +. c. Metz nave
been commissioned.
Passed Assistant Paymaster y. =
Shamer. from kearsarge and hehtuths
to Wisconsin,. 49,
commissioned. :, - 20
PaymaSters Clerk T. n. 'eieei' -
ohio.
Marine Corps Orders.
Cant. W. II. Pritchett. from Marine
barracks. Mare Island. to 26th Company.
Marine barracks, San Diego.
Capt J. n Wright. from Marine bar
racks. san Diego. to Marine barracks.
Mare Island.
Capt J. A. Rossell and First Lieut.. a.
A. Nandegrift have been commissioned.
Second Lieut. J. d. Smyser. retired.
died at Florence, S c. January Il. 1915.
Naval Movements.
The Tennessee arrived at Alexandra
March 2s and the Cyclops at Guantanamo
March 70.
The Montana sailed from Guacanayabo
bay March 26 for Guantanamo. The Lam
son from Charleston March 26 for Key
West and the olympia from Guantanamo
March 20 for Key West.
Evening star., 1915-03-28
Removing Batteries.

1T is we'll known that removing bat
teries from the cars is very apt to
cause trouble. and transporting the
batteries without jar is difficult. This
truck is used in connection with plat
forms and ~ designed to have height
Of about one-quarter TO one-haf an
inch less than the height of battery
in the ear.
The truck and platform are run up
10 the side of the car. the battery sl1o
out onto the platform, and lever In
front II then raised from horizontal
10 a vertical position. raising the plat
form and battery about one inch or
more off the ground. but still supported
BY the truck. IL Is then pulled to the
battery room and the lever lowered,
thus lowering the battery to the
ground without any jar. The truck Is
then hauled from under the platform.
and used elsewhere one truck will.
Evening star., 1915-03-28

on a scientific basis. Each advance step |
presses toward standard of return |
for labor at least as stable and sound |
~ based as that now secured on capi- |
tai"
Evening star., 1915-03-28
Attention to Tires.

Tires are often considerable factor
they need not be if proper attention is
given to sizes, quality. etc. For exam
pie. have seen tires that We're very
resilient. so much SO, III fact. that the
rubber fiattened out to a great extent,
and the truck was using up a great
part of it's power in pushing ahead the
rubber just in front Of the actual bear
ing of the tire on the ground.
1T had the same effect as running
uphill all the time. On the other hand.
! have seen tires SO hard that there
was no residence to speak of. and the
owner might almost have used wood
ing the truck from strains was con-
cerned. If a tire has the proper
amount of residence and the proper
size Is used. there should be no trouble
in getting 10000 to 1900 miles Of
life.
Il do not believe that the average
owner pays proper attention to the size
Of his tires. but will accept what is
given him by the manufacturer j have
seen 1.0O0-pound car of a certain
make with two-and-oneha half-inch tires,
front and rear. even though the rear
wheels were carrying over so per cent
of the load. This is not good practice
and will certainly tend to short life.
Il should like to a standard
adopted in common by manufacturers
and users. based certain sizes TO
carry certain weights The Society of
Automobile Engineers has taken a step
in the right direction, but should go
further. and j believe il will The
government is taking up the tire ques-
tion at the present time, and I be-
lieve il will specify certain sizes Of
tires for certain loads in future work
Evening star., 1915-03-28
URGES WAGE-EARNERS
TO KEEP ACCOUNTS"
Should Apply Business Methods to
Themselves, Declares Scott
Nearing.
Sociologist Contends That American
Workingmen Ought to Consider
Depreciation.

If wage -earners kept accounts of
their services they would find that they
are not receiving a return such as is
expected on the investment for mere
mechanical equipment according to
Scott Nearing of the University of
Pennsylvania, writing exclusively for
the Survey press service.
He argues that wage-earner has a
right to apply business methods to
his case and to look for return on the
investment. "A certain just sum as in
surance equivalent to that charged up
by the manufacturer for depreciation
of machinery. with an added percent
age for continued support of the work
man when the human machine wears
out. and an upkeep to support himself
and family.
Mr.. Nearing boils down the statistics
OF manufacturing centers and the OBJ
servat1ons of social experts, and finds
lhat the average Workingman receives
barely sufficient for upkeep, and moth
ing Tor depreciation. interest and diyi-
dehds on investment. such as the busi-
ness man expects from his machinery.
Inc Survey, for which this article
was written, is an organization whose
purpose is to investigate the facts of
living and working conditions and to
suggest methods of social advance.
ne article. in part, follows:
Evening star., 1915-03-28
Battery Equipment.

Of course. handle a number of cars and
their batteries
Evening star., 1915-03-28
Wages and Living Costs.

"A number of investigators have
tried recently to make a scientific
analysis of the cost of maintaining in
physical health family unit of a
man, wife and three children under
fourteen. For New York the cost was
set at $500: for Pittsburgh. 81 900; for
Buffalo, $3.50: for Chicago, $500,
and for Fall River. $3.50. Apparently,
therefore. it requires from $3.50 to So
per working day (s75O to $1,000 year,
TO provide physical health for family
of five. The comparison of this stand
ard with the wages actually paid by
the leading American industries in the
northern and eastern sections of the
United States shows that a large pro-
portion-perhaps tWo-thirds, perhaps
hree-quarters-of the adult males who
are gainfulIy occupied in industry re-
ceive less than enough to support a
family of five decently.
The prevalence Of wage rates below
$1,000, and the general impossibility of
providing for more than bare family
upkeep charges on amounts of less
than $1,000. prove beyond question the
economic inadequacy of vast numbers
of wage rates.
Each growth of intelligence among
the workers brings one step nearer tho
day when they will place their budgets
Evening star., 1915-03-28
Useful Information Available.

Inc American workingman who is
struggling to support a family on a
wage ranging from $3.50 to SO a day
might CLEAN great deal of useful in
formation by comparing his method Of
accounting with that of any well man
aged modern business
Let us test the sutficiency of the
wage paid to the average wage
Garner If workers earnings and ex-
pendltures are analyZed in terms of
up-to-date business practice.
ease tor moment to think of the
Worker as human being, and look
upon him as part of the mechanism
winch produces a livelihood for man
kind Whether the worker is compared
70 an individual machine. like a loom.
delivery wagon, office desk, or to an
individual plant, like cotton mill, re-
tai store. steel plant. the economic
significance of the matter is the same
such industrial units represent an
investment of capital on which the
business man expects a return.
Evening star., 1915-03-28
Truck Frame Care.

Let US consider the truck frame first
and its running gear.
las soon it is brought into the
garage it should be examined for loose
nuts, bolts. etc. All grease cups should
lie carefully examined. as should also
the Chains and sprockets. fabrication
is worth all the attention given 1t, and
this point alone may determine the
pra ctica bility of our electric trucks.
Trucks should not be washed down
every night. is done in some places.
This is only a waste of energy, and
tends to decrease the life of the paint
ing. to say nothing of rust on those
parts you have forgotten to oil. Wash
ing down twice Il week is sufficient.
excepting, of course. in time Of rain
and mud.
Chains should be removed about once
month. and then should be carefully
cleaned. and just as carefully oiled a
heavy oil grease is not good for
chains, as it will not get-into the bear
ings. lubricant made up of light
cylinder oil mixed with graphite makes
satisfactory lubricant. and keeps the
chain in good condition.
Evening star., 1915-03-28
G. p. o. Man Tells How Trucks
Under His Charge Are
Treated.
EACH IS INSPECTED
AS 1T REACHES GARAGE
Chain. Tire, Frame and Battery
Conservation Is Described
in Interview.

An interesting interview on the care
Of electric motor trucks is given by
WaltereR. Metz of the government
printing Office in this city. who has un-
der his direction a number OF COM
mercial vehicles. Mr.. Metz has maze
study of economy in truck service
and considerable information regard
ing the equipment of cars and method
of operation is contained in his re-
marks. He says:
tention to in the operation of trucks
is speed. The average person wants
to travel fast and get there quickly,
but when it is remembered that city
service often means stops in each block,
and that the total standing time OF
trucks is considerably more than the
running time the speed becomes of
less Importance. Rather. put more men
on your trucks and cut down your
standing time. then cut down on the
labor and try to speed up to make
up the lost time,
"On the heaviest trucks in my office
We use three men. and. even with these,
the standing time. as shown by serv-
ice recorder. is practically 50 per cent
of total time. y truck. therefore. de-
signed for moderate speed is what Is
needed. and for this service an elec-
tric stands pre-eminent. The trucks
having moderate speed are also easier
on the running gear and tires.
Evening star., 1915-03-28
The Human Investment.

The worker. like the industrial unit
represents an investment. The ex-
pense to home. school and city that
was involved in his bringing up must
all be charged in as part of the cost
or investment necessary to put the
worker into condition to do his share
in the world OF industry
The Industrial manager, after hav-
ing written down his investment. next
decides how much he must allow for
depreciation. His machines wear out
The worken1nay with justice charge
depreciation Dgainst his services. He,
too, has limited term Of usefulness
when he can no longer be employed in
industry. Business should provide for
the depreciation of it's human units in
the same way that it provides for the
deprecia ton of its mechanical units
Insurance is a legitimate charge for
the human as well as the other parts
of the business investment. But there
is difference. The machine, used up,
is tossed onto the scrap heap. The
man. used up, may live for a dozen or a
score of years, during which he re-
quires support. Therefore, the sum
charged off for depreciation and in
surance in the case of the worker must
be sufficient to cover not only ordinary
wear and tear-sickness and accident
but. in addition. they must provide a
fund for support after the period of
active work is over.
There is. beside these charges for in
vestment. depreciation and insurance,
the charge for upkeep. Unless unit of
capital can be kept in good working
order, it is useless, because it can take
no further part in the productive
process. The upkeep charge is a first
charge, because the very existence of
business depends upon it.
The upkeep charge for human beings
is likewise of primary Importance. 1t
must cover family as well as individ-
ual, upkeep
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1915-11-15
Sr6(dgt AngrijIr an ]soOel:Sar'p-Bo6n jur(it6.
9eieSer elm italienider Sampler im WrnnS sebobrt.
2seridjt oes 0eut(djeu &emeralfaGS.
(9rabtIos nab Sabbjac)

Vcrlu, A. Nouember, - Die Nrmcen Der tcnonhen %erbnn'
beteu inter ncrGeu &uue rub Want abcn mad bn
ocn Qmpcn Die Scrbcn uong NrOn Weltr rnd8cor
icn nnS 1913 Serbcn aefangcn gcnpmmen
Nu Stiruut lit Der bcndCn Nmc inter Wneral Oou
gnnau amnecn rniNden &iuicn Der NGc G5argSf
i'm Nobpnn) onrdbredn leber 1900 MnNen
limb ibncn ais Weianaene in Die Slnoe gcalcn
Snic 0mnb prb Scm omtlin Verid 9bradt Der bchft
Wadmtaa ocnhn ubern Nesnng ansgegebcn unroc
uno iemem uuGnbgn Snbat nad iolgcnhcrmaRcn antet:
" der GriegS dahplat,
Nn Der ySefunt tcinc Grctgni ncnnnsmcrtbcr
Ncbcrtnng 5nactrascn.
Schlidcr @ricgsf hnnplat.
Wencra eniugens Nrmecrnppc bat 0r rnlncn Gnn III
Der NGbc Eoogae uurSme 6artorSi Snrrodn nno
Rnn aaua senomen NnkerSm crbcntcten mir bier Wa
ihueuse.uehre.
c6rerc Nnsrii rIn urbd uun Der @ooclsarnp Sabn
in 6no 6fcit nngorihfn Sinien nammcngebrnhen
Vas NrmetSrnppeu Der 6mbrrns oeS 6corardauS
Rren yeppoo gnpcrn onbeiangt ~ W
fcinc Meuocrnng Der algcmcinen Sitnaon cngetrctn
Safau s. rie q dlanplab.
Die Nrmcen bem aommanoo Der @cn0e NON apDeR NM
ucn Wab babcu Serbe cber Der Trnn 5hrnd8e
Srebu Cscc mnb 1850 Monn nS an @eansenen &c
nadlt muroen 3u Aanunen mnrocn crobert.
Tc bngarid Mrmcc General Tppab rnf 5nammen mt
Senidlcn Srnppcn Der uoliden Wprn'un ans po
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1915-11-15
s!ind)ot DER aiiac gesiclen.

9tcn 9)orf. II. gioocnbcr.
S5r (5iffprb NinHpt, oos friibcre
Cbcrbaupt Dcs SORT, GeportemcntS
Dcr Scr. Staoten, imtroc bcllte, pob-
rcllo cr in Scr Eort 9locnue Gpisfo-
poffird,c cine '9lniprode biclt bon
cincn lRonnc in bcr 3uborcrld)alt
ais n9iigncr" bedcidlnet.
S>r. 9Sinhot, pcicbcr iibcr ocn
0rico iproh. ioatc, BOB bie 9eutIhcn
Iricltrr nn0 Npnncn actpotct battcrL
ais Iid) Gin Winnn BON Icincnl Site
crbob lno Iaut Sic hlgcn" oell
Sprcc6cr ms @ciidt rief.
S6r. @incbot lieb bic @cnlcrfuna
unbcocNtct, iporali scr 3nborcr lid,
crbob lao sic &irde ucriicB. acin
peitcrer 3mii6cniaa creignete lid.
$or. Iinhot 5rfiirncrtctc. Dab ole
Scr. Staaten oen 2laiirten 9egenrther
aus SclbiterbaltrngS @rilaocn cin1
Soltlnlg luoblmoGcnoer gtclltraiiiai
onncbmen ioat.1i. Gr bcbniitt ~
oob Gin Sicg o.~ Gcntidcn Den
srilnlpb ocS al'il,tarisn'llS 5lll'l