davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
PRODUCTION OF LIVE STOCK
Not Keeping Pace With Increase in
PopuIation-Manure Needed to
Maintain Soil Fertility.

In raising live stock the successful
farmer fully appreciates the value of
good breed. proper care and scientific
feeding. II any one feature is neglect
ed the full value of the feed is not
secured. The production of live stock
is not, nor has it been for several
years, keeping pace with the increase
in our population and the demands
from abroad
Western ranges have been devel-
opec into farms so well satisfied with
the high price obtained for corn bav
and other products that they have not
bothered with live stock.
Because of the increasing demand
for meat at home. and the deficit
abroad partly because of the war meat
will command very attractive nrice
for many years to come.
Another reason why stock raising
should not be neglected is because the
manure from the live stock is ipdis.
pensable in maintaining the fertility
Of the soil.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
USING SORGHUM FOR SILAGE
Crop Should Be Cut When Seeds Are
in Hard Dough Stage-Cowpeas
Also Meet With Favor.

By JOHN NJ SCOTT. Vice Director of
University of Florida Experiment sta
tom
SOrghums for silage should be cut
when the seeds are in the hard dough
stage or even when they are mature
There has been some objection to the
sorghums because they are supposed
to make sour silage. 1t is likely that
this trouble will not be encountered il
they are allowed to mature sufficiently.
Silage made from cOwpeas and
sorghums is exceptionally good. The
protein of cowpeas will counterfeit the
excess carbohydrates in the sorghum
and thus narrow the ration. Cut the
cowpeas when the pods have formed
and before they have filled. Make the
ratio half and half or two or three OF
sorghum to one of cOwpeas. Beggar-
weed will also make an excellent mix
ture with sorghum.
Japanese cane makes good silage.
but it is better when mixed with some
material to give it bulk and to coun-
teract the excess of carbohydrates. It
is usually cut some time in November.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
PROPER TIME TO FILL SILO
Begin Operation Soon IS Corn Has
Reached Right Stage for Fod-
dcr-Let the Siage Settle.

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Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
IMPORTANCE OF PURE WATER
Hens Soon Learn to Enjoy Fresh, Cool
Drink, Just as Human Beings Do
Improves the EGG.

Eggs are made up of what hens eat
and drink and their taste as well as
general appearance can be changed in
few days by such foods as onions,
garlic, fish, stagnant, muddy water,
etc. AS the average egg is about 50
per cent water, the Importance OF
plenty of pure, fresh water is very
evident. The mudhole beside the tank
where the other stock are watered or
the wallow in the hog-Iot are not "all
right for the hens, though they may
drink it and live for q long time
when forced to by the absence of a
drinking place of their own. But hens
viii soon learn to enjoy a fresh, cool
drink Just as human beings do. The
square five-gallon tin can, in which
much Kerosene is sold, split in halves
the long way will make q pair of
nice drinking places, that if set in
the shade and cleaned daily. are very
good and in some places very cheap.
The main essentials of these water
fronts should be tightness, lightness,
easy cleaning, and not over five inches
depth when full.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
METHODS OF WISE DAIRYMAN
Two Per Cent Solution of CreoIin Is
Good, Cheap Disinfectant-Avoid
Common Ailments.

OPrepared by the Dairy Division OF Glenn
son CollegeD
Don't run your dairy by guesswork.
Test every COW you have.
On account of the succulence and
ability of silage. little more can
be fed than will take the place of hay.
A two per cent solution of creolin is
a good. cheap disinfectant to use in
dairy work. 1t should always be used
after milking. however. and not be-
fore.
When a bull is Stalled he should
have a plentiful supply of heterogeneous
roughage. such as good. clean clover
or peavine hay.
The common ailments OF cattle can
for the most part be prevented by
good feeding, housing and treatment.
and reasonable precaution against con-
tagious disease.
Sore or chapped teats are due to
exposure or cold, wet weather and
rough handling. Treat with lard or
vaseline.
Do not let cows drink from stagnant
streams. Even by wading in such
streams they can become infected with
various harmful bacteria.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
Punch Used for Notchina.

the base, 6; one at the point and two
on the base, Z; one on the point and
one in the upper part, 8; one in the
point, one in the base and one in the
upper part, 9. The right ear repre-
sents the tens, number ten occupying
the same position as number one on
the left ear. In breeding ewes certain
markings such as holes in the middle
of the ear can be used to designate
the year of birth.
The system is only applicable to
the small flocks of about hundred
sheep. If one wishes to mark a larger
flock. there is a more complicated
system by which sheep numbering up
to 10000 may be earmarked. 1t is
not commonly used. These systems
can also be applied to the marking of
cattle or hogs
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
BEST GRASSES FOR PASTURE
Bermuda May Be Combined With
White Glover and spedeza-Red
Top Does Fairly Well.

CBy w. r. DODSON. Louisiana Expert
ment StationO
The best permanent grazing grass
that we can get is Bermuda. Ber-
muda may be combined with white
clover and lespedeza, so as to make as
near a permanent pasture as you will
be able to secure. There is no grass
that you can plant that will perpetu-
ate itself on the soil without atten-
ton under severe grazing, and at the
same time be readily destroyed when
you want to cultivate the land. |
think you can handle Bermuda grass
with moderate satisfaction, in spite
of the bad reputation that it has for
the cotton fields and other fields
where clean cultivation is desired.
Red top does fairly well if planted
in the fall, and will thrive best in soils
that are decidedly wet. but it will give
you neither the grazing nor the hay
that Bermuda grass will.
Orchard grass is only moderately
satisfactory. If planted in the fall 1t
makes very good winter and spring
growth, but languishes in the sum-
mer, and much of it dies out during
August. ! think it is nothing like as
desirable as Bermuda grass.
There are some cultivated grasses
that do well during the period of
growth, but they mature the seed and
die out in the early summer: these
include fescue grass. Italian rye
grass and others of this class. They
could be planted in the fall and would
furnish grazing during the winter. and
IL not pastured too closely will re-
seed the land in May. Then you will
have to have some other grass to pro-
vide summer growth.
Carpet grass is one Of the native
grasses that makes good pasture, but
II doesn't combine well with anything
else: it soon crowds out anything else
that is put with It, It is fairly easy to
get rid of under cultivation. Practi-
cally all of the other cultivated
grasses become short-period crops
here.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
TRAMP SIL0 WHILE FILLING
One or Two Men Needed to Give ST.
Iage Such Comp5ctness as VIII
Insure Its Proper Curing.

The importance of tramping while
filing is one that must be given con-
sideration. In a slO at least one or
two men are needed in order to give
the silage such compactness as will
insure proper curing. The outside or
near the silo wall should be kept the
highest and made in the most compact
condition. This will prevent spelling,
which is so very frequent in poorly
packed silage.
If the silo is filed quickly and poor
ly tramped. there will be a large
amount OF settling. Where a farmer
owns his own outfit it will pay to
allow this settling TO take place for
one or two days and then fill up the
silo
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
SUPPLY CALVES WITH GRAIN
Young Animals May Be Started on
Mixture of Two Parts SheIied
Corn and One Part Oats.
by II. o. ALLISON. University of Mis-
souri,. College of Agricnltnrel

by II. o. ALLISON. University of Mis-
souri,. College of Agricultural
A creep should be provided in the
pasture so that calves may have 40
cess to grain without being disturbed
by cows. as it is very important to
stsrt beef calves on grain before they
are weaned. They may be kept in a
separate lot into which the cows are
turned twice a day, if this method is
preferred. In this case there will. OF
course. be no need for creeps or any
thing else to keep cows from the grain
which may be fed at such times that
the cows will not disturb the calves.
The calves may be started on a mix
tire OF two parts of shelled corn to
one part of oats by weight. The oats
may be gradually reduced until none
is being fed at the end of eight weeks.
but while this is being done a little
old process linseed oil meal or cotton
seed meal should be added and the
quantity gradually increased until it
makes up about a seventh of the
weight of the ration. On full feed
calves should eat about two pounds OF
grain for every hundred pounds live
weight in addition to good roughage.
Well-bred calves handled in this way
should be in prime condition at the
end of about ten or twelve months.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27

Concrete and steel render valuable
ASS stance 10 each other i'm the Sup
port of heavy burdens On a solid
foundation. loaded from above and
thus under direct pressure, a concrete
column viii Withstand the strain OF
uu enormous load. a much smaller
load so placed as 10 cause stretching
OF bending toward one side OF the
same column may cause il to snap
Off, for concrete is strong, but brittle.
On the other hand. steel is tough and
elastic. I'm the form Of rods or wire.
steel wristbands massive loads that
tend TO stretch IT, and thus displays
a kind OF strength directly opposite
TO that OF the plain concrete column.
In modern construction these two
valuable properties of concrete and
steel are utilized by combining them
In what is called reinforced concrete.
With steel properly buried in the
concrete, the column withstands not
only the load which might otherwise
snap ii, but one many times larger
and oven though it is applied at any
place along its length
Reinforcement, then, is steel in the
form of bars. rods or wires. buried
in concrete to take mp and withstand
the strains which tend TO stretch or to
bend the concrete. A concrete fence
post is merely a small concrete col
umn. Reinforced. it easily stands the
strain from usage in fence line.
Since the load which causes bending
or stretching may come from any di-
rection. concrete posts are reinforced
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
AR "a
ANIMALS
WHEN CHOLERA IS SUSPECTED
Take Temperature OF Apparently
Healthy Animais-Ma%e Post-Mor-
TEN Examination of Dead Hoe.

When disease that is contaqious
appears among hogs. spreading moro
or less RAPIDLY. is quite uniformly ia
tai. ana IS accompanied by a high
temperature. it is quite safe To 5s-
sumo that u is cholera.
Where cholera is suspected. ia
well to get a Thermometer and take
tie temperature OF a number of those
that are apparently well. The nor.
nal temperature is from l0l to 102
degrees IN winter and about decree
higher in summer Il cholera is pr7s-
emit. the temperatures viii be found as
high as 100 TO io7 degrees.
Make a post-mortem examination on
a hog that has just died and examine
the kidneys for small. dark red sp,ts
resembling those on q turkey egg.
Look for small red spots along the
small intestines and somewhat Iaroar
ones on the lungs. The lvmphatic
glands. which are found in the flank.
along the intestines and between the
lungs, and which are a light amber
color in health, will be found longest
ed and varying from pink to a very
dark color
Where the services of a qualified
veterinarian can be obtained. he
should be called to make a post-mor-
tenn and to give serum.-Department
OF Animal Pathology. University OF
Nebraska
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
CARE AND FEEDING OF FOWLS
Birds Which Have Been Developed by
Careful Attention Degenerate
Quickly When Neglected.

Poultry raising shows US that prog
ress is made in two ways-by inner
itance and by care in the development
of the offspring. Or, in other words,
character which has developed in
an animal, even though it was not ap-
parent in its parent, is likely to be
transmitted to it's offspring. 1t Is
for this reason that close attention and
great care should be given to the
subject Of care and feeding of fowls,
for fowls which have been developed
by careful attention will quickly de-
generate when neglected.
Our knowledge OF these things leads
TO the formulation of some general
rules which should be studied and
observed.
l. The land fowl should be made
to scratch" or pick" or tear its
feed.
2. 1t should be kept dry.
3. lis feed must consist OF animal.
vegetable and mineral matter, with
sufficient water to moisten it.
4. Its reasoning powers being small,
man must assist it by placing feeds
before it.
The waterfowl should have access
to running water. | know this is an
opposite opinion to that of a famous
duck raiser. but waterfowls for
breeding purposes will thrive best
when they have free access to running
water.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
SYSTEM OF FLOCK NUMBERS
Ear Notches Serve as identification at
All Times-Also Used With
Cattle or Hogs.

tBy c. g. ANDERSON. Colorado Experi-
mcnt StationD
In most fiocks of sheep. especially
of purebred animals. it is advisable to
use some system of flock numbers
aside from the registry number. 1t is
easy for an ear tag to be lost out. but
good system of ear notches serves
as an Identification at all times.
The system used at the Colorado
Agricultural college is one which can
be recommended for small fiocks. One
notch in the base of the lower part
of the left ear, l. two notches at the
same place represents .; one notch
in the lower and one in the upper part.
4, and one notch in the point of the
left ear 5; one in the point and one in
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27

should produce a large number of
eggs"
The house, points out this expert.
need not be an expensive one. 1t
should furnish the fowls protection
from the winds and storms and should
be so constructed that it will have
three or four times as much air in
proportion to it's weight as a human
being. Ventilation makes a house
somewhat colder, but dryer, and dry,
cold air is much better for the fowls
than moist warm air
The house should be built with the
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
Cause Of Ropy Milk.

Ropy cream or milk is caused nv a
germ. The germ may come from a
dusty stable or a stagnant nooI of
water through which a COW has waded
The difficulty may frequently be rene.
died by thoroughly scraping the dried
manure from the barn and then White.
washing the interior, and by a thor.
ough scalding of all pals, cans. and
the separator.-R. NJ. Washburn ITn;.
versity Farm. st. Paul
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
OYSTER Shells Are Needed.

Oyster shells are furnished the
chickens to stimulate the production
of eggs. The hen that is laying freely
will eat a lot of oyster shell as her
body requires the ingredients that
make up the egg shell. For this rea-
son oyster shell should be supplied
all the year around and in the winter
IL is especially necessary to keep up
the supply of high quality eggs when
eggs are high.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27

west, north and east sides tight during
the winter months. while the south
side should furnish the ventilation.
There may be a few glass windows on
the south side. but more space should
be left open, except that curtains may
be dropped down for the nights, and
on a few very stormy days. On some
occasions these openings may be left
uncovered during the night. Some
times curtains do not allow enough
air to circulate. In these cases
openings may be made just under the
roof TO allow the air to circulate more
freely. Whatever the system Of venti-
lation may be. II is essential that the
house should be dry and free from bad
odors
The house should be so constructed
that II can be easily cleaned. The
floor should be smooth. Concrete IS
good for this reason. Ii is true, how
ever, that concrete floors built on
damp ground are damp. To avoid this
trouble concrete floor may be built
on layer of eight or ten inches OF
rock or other material which will not
carry the moisture from the ground.
Some poultrymen use floors made Of
hollow building tile, and find them
very satisfactory Where these are
used the tile are laid on a smooth sur
face and the crevices filled with ce-
ment.
The perches should be built so that
there will be as few pIacsS ior Inil-s
to breed as possible. n perches are
removable. so much the better. A
board platform should be placed about
eight inches below the perches to
catch the droppings. This makes a
cleaner floor, and thus adds to the ca
pacity of the henhouse. 1t makes it
easier to clean the house, and aids In
keeping the mites in check.
The nests also should be built so
that the mites can easily be combated.
They could be covered or protected
so that the fowls cannot roost on them.
This is necessary in the production of
a good grade OF market eggs.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27

ON every side: Otherwise they might
break n q manner somewhat similar
To that u which the wooden lost
bends when the reinforcement is NOT
ON the proper side of the post I'm the
effort to be SAT" il is a common fault
10 insert more reinforcement than is
absolutely necessary. This adds need
lessly 20 the cost of the post. ior con
crete posts become stronger as they
grow older
Metallic reinforcing materials are
divided into two classes. smooth and
corrugated. The general result of the
many tests carried on i'm testing
laboratories seem TO INDICATE that in
strength of bond. if the concrete is
sufficiently rich and well mixed.
smooth surfaces give satisfactory re-
suits. Two kinds o: reinforcement
are much used-bars and wire.
Round bars three-sixteenths or one
fourth of an inch in diameter. are the
size and kind most used in posts.
The development of the wire fence
has produced a material well suited
for reinforcing purposes. Single No.
$ or two No. II wires twisted are
sufficiently strong for reinforcement
OF ordinary line posts. Straight wire
can be obtained from dealers in the
same manner as baling wire-either
single or twisted into two or three
ply cables and of the length desired.
The plain. ungalvanized wire is the
proper kind; galvanizing adds nothing
to the strength and the metal will not
rust when incased in the concrete.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
Feed for Maturing Pullets.

Feed we'll the maturing pullets. and
be sure not to make corn the main
feed. It's good enough for fattening.
but to develop layers more protein
is needed. Wheat. crushed oats, bran.
and meat scrap are important lngre-
dients In a well-balanced feed-and
lots of green stuff.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
Preparations In Poultry Yard.

Now is the tiL-C for completing
preparations in the poultry yard for
the coming winter season. 1t sounds
like unnecessary repetition. but. are
winter. roofs made leak-proOf. side and
rear walls tight. to prevent drafts.
floors well covered with dry earth. and
roosts and nests in good shape?
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
Substantial Henroost.

The farm fowl, if given her prefer.
ence in selecting roost, would doubt
less choose a substantial apple limb
rounded just right to allow her to hold
on with ease. A good two by four
with the upper edges planed round
like an apple bough makes a strong.
substantial roost.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
Make Hens Work for Grain.

Much benefit is likely to result. with.
out any possible harm, ii the hens are
compelled to work in clean litter for
their grain at all seasons.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
KEEPS OUT DIRT AND FLIES
Sanitary Device, Invented by Texan,
Closes Aperture in Bucket Dur
ing Milking Operation

A milk pail which tends to prevent
the unnecessary contamination of its
contents by flies and dirt has been in
vented and patented by Texas ranch.
man. Instead of being open and there
fore a catchall for filth. as is the ordi
nary bucket. the device is provided
with a cover having a funnel-shaped
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
MiIkino Machine a Success.

The milking machine is proving to
be a success, but it must be properly
handled. Anyone who cannot succeed
in getting his own cows properly
MIXED by hand should try the milking
machine.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
Keen ONLY Best Cows.

The right kind of man will have
profitable cows. The kind of breed
does not matter so much. There are
good and poor COWS in all breeds. but
the good business man will weed out
the poor of any breed and keep the
0oO1
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
carhoIated VaseIine for Teats.

For use on teats carbolated vaseline
is somewhat superior to plain vase
line. as the small amount Of carbolic
acid in the mixture has antiseptic
qualities that tend to prevent infec'
tiOn
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27

A good poultry house is what You
need, Mr.. Farmer, if you are going to
have plenty Of eggs to sell this winter.
Some farmers feel that winter eggs
Rre too hard to get to make It worth
while to try to produce them. This is
a mistake. according to r. NJ. Sher-
wood. poultry specialist in the extern
sion division of the Kansas State Agri-
cultural college.
IF one has a good poultry house"
commented Mr.. Sherwood, he should
have little trouble. Early matured
pullets properly housed and fed
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
Guaranteed Zoos.

Guaranteed eggs" are those laid by
fowls judiciously fed on the purest OF
food, kept in the cleanest OF houses
and always put on the market in a
fresh condition.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
Sand or Gravel Necessary.

Fresh sand or gravel is absolutely
necessary to the comfort of the hens
this winter. Cover wooden or cement
floors at least three inches deep and
earth floors from six to twelve inches.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27

To guarantee against insects. do not
follow a grass sod with such grain
crop as corn. II is well to keep the
land fellow for a time
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
Hard HEAVY Work.

Cutting corn FOR ensilage is hard.
heavy work. Do not go at 1t hammer
and tongs. There are more years COM
ing. and we want to be here to enjoy
them.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27
Simplify Work at Farro,,;

Having the pigs narrowed as nea,
one time as possible greatly simnlifies
them
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1915-11-27

opening in the middle. A sanitary
sleeve with Sits for the insertion of
the hands is fixed to this, SO that the
aperture in the bucket is entirely in
closed during the milking operation
Mechanics.