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The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
FARM :
POULTRY
GETTING MOST FROM TURKEY
" Fowls Are Tame They viii Lay In
Improvised Nests--confine Poults
In a DRY Place.

About the last OF February place
some old barrels on their siues. with
straw or leaves in them, around In
good places, with a few hens eggs In
them. and, says a writer In Farmers
Guide, II your turkeys are tame they
will lay in the nests you have fixed for
them, and you will have very little
trouble hunting nests.
While the weather is cool bring in
the eggs before they are chilled, and
II they are turned every day you can
save them until all the hens are
through the first laying. then set one
or two. and put the balance under
chicken hens, giving all the poults to
the turkey hens, letting the other tur.
keys sit after second laying, as the
third laying Is too late to make good
turkeys. When the eggs begin to
hatch watch them TO see that the
shells do not get slipped over some Of
the other eggs and smother the little
turks.
After the eggs are all hatched leave
the mother alone as long as she will
stay In the nest. Then confine her
with the poults in a coop until they
have learned her call, as they will fol
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
COMMON DISEASE OF SHEEP
Animals Afflicted With Foot Rot
Should Pc Removed TO Clean, Dry
Lands and Trouble Attended To.

The first thing to do for sheep with
foot rot is to get them on to clean,
high. dry lands. Their feet should
then be examined and any foreign mat
ter between the toes, which may be ag-
gravating the case. removed All
ulcers containing pus should also be
opened and the pus drained off.
The next thing to do is to apply
strong disinfectants to kill the trouble
some parasites. Ointments made OF a
lard or lard-and- -four body, with car
bolic acid or sheep dip in generous
proportions Incorporated, are some
times used for this purpose This is
applied after the foot has been thor
oughly bathed and cleaned up. This
treatment requires considerable time
and effort and is not practical in large
fiocks.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
AVERAGE PRODUCT OF A cow
Two Hundred and Forty Pounds Of
6utterfat Should Be Produced
In Year From Animal.

A good dairy animal should pro-
duce 24O pounds of butterfat a year.
II she produces milk testing Ave
per cent fat her production OF milk
must be 5000 pounds. II the milk Is
four per cent It is equivalent to 5000
pounds and II three per cent to 5000
pounds.
II the COW is dry six weeks out OF
the year her daily average of butter
fat will Re about three.fourths OF a
pound,
II the herd can be made to average
this amount daily II is an excellent
record TO maintain. There are herds
that win average more than this, hut
they are few and far between.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
EXCELLENT HINTS ON HORSES
Intelligent Management is Essential
Point-oon't Sacrifice Quality to
Size-Time for Water.

The essential point In using pure.
bred draft mares ON the farm is intel.
ligent management.
The last 200 pounds we can put ON
young draft horse is the most profit
able 200 pounds of meat we can pro.
duce on the farm.
NO drawing card holds out quite
such strong Inducements to good hired
men as the farm that maintains high.
class work horses.
IL is great mistake to sacrifice
quality to size.
A horse is worth just what he can
endure for his owner.
Many farm horses get more nav
'han is good for them. II is a poor
plan to keep their feed racks or
manger full OF hay all the time.
A horse watered the last thing at
night and the first thing in the morn.
ing 10 not going to take too much.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22

Scald one pint of milk; when luke
warm, add one teaspoonful of salt and
one-half cake of compressed yeast, dis
solved in one-quarter cupful of luke
warm water Sift in enough -four to
make thin batter and let rise over
night. In the morning add one cupful
of thick sour milk, one tablespoonful
of melted butter, two eggs beaten sep
arately and one teaspoonful OF soda
sifted with one cupful of flour. Add
enough more flour to make smooth,
thin batter, let stand one-half hour.
then add one heaping tablespoonful of
grated pineapple for each cupful of
butter. Bake in a soapstone griddle
and serve with sweetened pineapple
juice.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
SOUND ADVICE FROM MAINE
Pertinent Remarks From Experiment
Station on Poultry House Hy-
alene and Sanitation.

The Maine experiment station, In n
very excellent bulletin on Poultry
Diseases and Their Treatment"
makes some very pertinent remarks
about poultry house hygiene and sanl-
tation, In which the spraying machine
finds a use,
The thing OF paramount importance
in the hygienic housing of poultry is
cleanliness. BY this is meant not
merely plain. ordinary cleaning up. in
the housewife sense. but also bac-
THEOLOGICAL cleaning up; that is. dis
infection.
All buildings and structures OF what
ever kind in which poultry are housed
during any part Of their lives should
be subjected TO a most thorough and
searching cleaning and disinfection at
least once year. This cleaning up
should naturally come for each differ
ent structure at time which just pre-
cedes the putting OF new stock into
this structure.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
DAIRY
FACTS
LOW TEMPERATURE is BEST
churn Should Net Contain More Than
Two-ThIrds e. Its Capacity 20
Insure Good Butter.

When ready to churn care should be
taken not to put too much cream In
the churn. The churn should not con
tain more than two-thirds Of its capac-
ity. Much weak and short bodied but
ter is caused by overlooking the churn
and churning at the wrong tempera.
ture. Salvy, mottled and streaked
butter Is often due to an uneven TEN.
perature OF the wash water used dur
ing the working process. A good bod
led butter Is usually inspired by a low
temperature. but high temperature is
almost sure to cause a weak bodied
product
Sometimes butter is difficult to
gather" especially when n combined
churn is being used. The grain OF the
butter seems to be worn out by the
mass OF partly gathered butter pound.
ing and pouring over the inside por.
tlons OF the churn and by the worker.
and when the butter is finally worked
Il is brittle and weak bodied.
Do not have the temperature OF the
wash vary very much from that of the
butter, but II the butter comes at so
high temperature as to make II soft,
the wash water must be cold enough
TO harden the butter. so that II Will
bear working without overworking or
destroying the grain Of the butter and
giving II salvy appearance.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
Plain Paper Best.

A plain paper or one with Qniet self
tone pattern is the only kind that
makes successful background for pic
lures. The soft neutral tone of car
fridge paper is splendid setting for
ornaments and pictures, while soft
brown is a safe choice of paper for the
average room. as against it almost any
picture, be it oil painting. water color,
portrait, etching or photograph. ap-
pears to advantage. Gray is also a
good restful color. A happy and popu-
lar combination is the gray wall COW
ering with white woodwork. 1t is an
admirable idea for the city apartment,
where there is none too much light.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
PREPARING EGGS
MUCH CARE SHOULD BE GIVEN
TO THEIR COOKING.
Dlsestlblllty Is Affected by Tempera'
ture Of Water In Which They
Are Boiled-Proper Method
Of Making omelet.

While Il would seem that anyone
can cook so simple 6 food as an egg
satisfactorily, no other food Is so af-
fected by different cooking methods
and particularly by degrees OF tenn
perature. The albumen. or egg white,
is greatly changed by heat, and the
way the heat is applied. II 1t is
gently warmed. coagulation, or hard.
ening, does not at once take place,
although the substance may be per-
fectly cooked. But IL plunged at once
into boiling water or liquid. the albu-
men becomes tough and far less de-
sirable as food element II Is, there
fore. much better to cook eggs by
some other method than direct boil
ing: steaming, poacbing or "coddling"
keeps the albumen soft while cook
ing. For dishes requiring hard
boiled" eggs, II is best to let them
simmer for about twenty minutes, SO
that the white will be solid. yet ten
der, and the yolk dry and mealy. Fry
ing, or coating the egg directly with
fat, also hardens the albumen and
makes II less digestible, II is far
better to put the eggs in a. buttered
dish and "shirr" or bake them in the
oven. The secret OF successful dishes
like the omelet, which Is made so we'll
abroad, lies all in the temperature OF
the pan, the fat and the quickness
and skill with which II is handled
before allowed to become tough or
stringy.
Eggs contain no starchy qualities.
This teaches US to build up our egg
menus with starches such as potatoes,
rice, macaroni. Eggs also need to be
served with fat, which does not mean
frying in fat, but sauce or dressing
containing butter or other OIL.
An error common TO housewives is
to relegate the use of eggs chiefly to
cakes and puddings, adding these to
an already heavy meat meal. Since
eggs are the equivalent of meat, II
we use them generously in a pudding
we do not then need meat in our first
course Similarity, it is unwise die.
tetics to serve a heavy, rich cake as
the last course OF a dinner beginning
with a fatty meat like lamb. which
already has given us muscle and fat.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
PAIL AND STOOL COMBINED
Device Recently Invented Acts as Re-
ceptscle for Milk and Good
Seat for the MlIher.

In the dairy where the herd is OF
any considerable proportions the mat
ter OF getting around among the ami
mails at milking time is one of some
magnitude and anything OF the nature
OF an innovation, which will facilitate
this operation and at the same time
make for cleaner milk. will get a wei.
come. A combined stool for the milk
er and receptacle for the milk has been
recently invented with this object. A
can somewhat larger than a bucket
is supported on four legs and re-en.
forced for the purpose OF supporting
the weight which It is called upon
TO do. The top is covered and the
lid acts as a seat for the operator.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
Anuel Cakeleta.

Sift together several times one-half
cupful of fine granulated sugar. one
half cupful of pastry flour, one-half
level teaspoonful cream tartar, beat
whites OF four eggs till stiff and dry,
then gradually mix in the sugar and
flour. Flavor with one-half teaspoonful
OF almond, rose or vanilla, drop with
a teaspoon on pans covered with but.
tered paper an inch or two apart;
sprinkle with sugar. white or pink.
and bake in a moderate oven ten or
fifteen minutes; will make two dozen.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22

"A bird in the hand" is an ancient
phrase-but II makes lot OF differ
ence how the bird Is handled. Espe-
cially Is this true with the poultryman
who breeds any of the heavier strains
of hens, ducks and geese. 1t is just
as easy to carry a fowl properly, and
much safer ard wiser besides. Here
are a few suggestions by ]. G. Halpin,
secretary of the Wisconsin Poultry as
sociation:
Carry a duck by the neck as indi-
Gated in the picture. Don't grab II by
the wing or the feet. Ducks, like pup
pies, can stand being handled by the
scruff OF the neck better than to have
their weight suspended from one wing
or their feet. which are rather frail
Pekin, Rouen and Aylesbury ducks and
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22

all such heavy market types should al
ways be handled in this manner by
careful poultrymen.
Heavy hens with full crops should
never be seized by the legs and swung
head down. Neither should they be
tilted up in the clumsy way shown in
the picture. They should be so grasped
that their wings are confined closely
and securely under the arm of the per
son carrying them, but above all
thi' ss an easy and natural position
means more comfort and less strug.
Cling and injury to the bird and pos
sibly the man as well. Flopping wings
and scratching claws often do harm to
human skin and eyes. A little careful
handling will do away with this dan.
ger.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
Cooked Meat /. Beneficial.

Poultry, especially when confined,
are benefited by an occasional feed Of
cooked meat For this purpose lean
meat that win divide readily into
fbers resembling small worms is very
tempting to fowls. But do not give
much fat meat, II is muscle and bone
and feathermaking material that they
need. and fat meat supplies none OF
these, while lean meat contains them
all.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
Glnuer Cream.

Beat the yolks Of three eggs, add one
pint OF milk, two tablespoonfuls sirup
from preserved ginger and one cupful
sugar, Cook all together until thick
Strain. add one tablespoonful gelatin
that has been dissolved in little cold
milk, the whites OF three eggs beaten
stiff and beat all together until 1t be-
gins to thicken. then add four ounces
preserved ginger cut in very small
pieces. Put in a mold to cool and
serve with whipped cream.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
hunnarIan Salad.

One pint cold boiled potatoes sliced
very thin, one small onion. grated. two
cold boiled beets, diced. five sardines,
boned and mashed, one tablespoonful
minced cold cooked ham. one small
green pepper tLinly shredded. sprin.
kle with salt, add one-half cupful
French dressing. Chill
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
hoof Trimmer.

each other on their inner faces. The
rack members are held together by a
yoke that has rollers on both sides,
so that It moves readily back and
forth. This allows complete freedom
OF movement of the various parts of
the tool, yet keeps the intermeshed
teeth of the racks from slipping out of
place and making the implement use
less. The cutting Jaws are operated
over the top OF the hoof.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
TRIMMER FOR HORSES FEET
Tool, Resembling Pair of Pliers, In
vented by Idaho Man, Neatly Re-
moves Superfluous Growth.

For the neat and expeditions trim
ming of horses hoof, an Idaho man
recommends a tool that he has pat
ented. 1t resembles pair of pliers
with an extra joint A pair OF cutting
jaws are pivoted together and to each
of the jaws an arcuate rack is pivoted.
These racks. which constitute the in
ner ends of the handles and have stop
shoulders beyond them, mesh with
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
Glass In Poultry House.

You can have too much glass in
your poultry house, both winter and
summer, for in summer glass concer-
trates the heat and holds II until far
into the night. and in winter the
glass gathers frost and freezes eyery
thing near II.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
Muslin Replaces Glass.

Muslin windows are rapidly replas
ing some OF the glass windows II
every up-to-date poultry house. The,
~ill not answer exclusively In all
climates out they should be used WITH
the glass.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
Select for hardIness.

Selecting for hardness should be
the main object, health and vigor TO
be given the preference in selecting
each individual, The weakest and
most useless OF flock should be
weeded out as soon as possible.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
Dairy va. Poultry.

The cows viii return money, or its
equivalent, each day in the year. and in
a way It will be less worry than. to set
II from poultry. A COW isn't as easy
10 stop in her milk flow as hen is to
stop In her egg flow. ncr is she as hard
TO get back to the normal The money
invested is much greater. so this or
sets that TO some extent.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
To Cream Hard eu,t,r.

II butter is hard to cream don't
warm 1t This changes the texture OF
It. Instead. run It through the vege.
table ricer. This breaks It into small
pieces and It can then be readily
creamcd.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
Warm Nest Is Best.

A warm sheltered nest adds much
TO the chances OF the early sitter hatch
ing well.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
Proud OF His Job.

An old rooster will settle the scraps
among pen OF cockerels and appear
proud TO do II.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
please the Customers.

Study the wants OF eaca customer
and plan 10 meet them.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-04-22
Worthy Of Patience.

Il requires lots of patience with some
beifers, but II they are promising. they
are worth II.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1915-03-26
HUMUs AND SOIL FERTILITY
Deeayed Vegetable Matter Is Very
important Constituent in Rem
derlng Soils Fertile.

Humus is decayed vegetable matter
In the soil and is very important
constituent in rendering soils fertile.
There are number of reasons for
this, prominent among which are the
following: First, the organic matter
contains the essential plant food ele-
ments and as 1t decays these elements
are changed into forms available to
plants. In other words, the plant food
is put in condition to be used again.
Second, as the organic matter decays
certain acids are produced and these,
acting upon the insoluble mineral con.
stituents in the soil, dissolve and rem
der them available to plants. Third,
many OF the changes in the soil are
brought about by bacterial action, and
decaying organic matter furnishes
food for the bacteria so they can grow
and multiply and thus render more
mineral plant food elements soluble
in the soil water. Plants cannot take
up solid foods from the soil; before
they can appropriate food it must first
be gotten in solution like sugar goes
into solution when put into water
Then there are other ways in which
humus benefits the soil 1t renders the
soil dark in color, and a dark soil abb
serbs more heat than a light colored
one; that is of considerable advantage
in the early spring A soil filled with
organic matter is also capable of hold
ing more moisture than one that is
deficient in this constituent. In dry
year this may mean the difference be-
tween a fair crop and a complete fail
ure.
These being facts, why don't we
plow under more organic matter? Why
don't we grow more clover or other
legumes which actually draw plant
food-nitrogen-from the air and store
1t up in their tissues later to be con-
verified into plant food in the soil?
Every man should include one or more
legumes in his rotation for soil build
ing purposes and thus maintain the
fertility of his farm.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1915-03-26
SOME SECRETS OF TOMATOES
Clip Out Runners and Fruit VIII Be
Early and Handy to Pick--lm-
provement Over Old Way.

In choosing tomato plants for grow.
ing prize tomatoes, do not select tree
tomatoes, as they are not prolific, but
pick out some good, smooth, meaty
variety. Set the plants on the south
side of the stake, about four inches
from it, and train same to stake as 1t
grows, tying with binder Irvine or
cloth strings. which are preferable.
Many times when the vines are very
rank two branches will start to grow
from the top. but clip one off, allow.
ing only one to grow to a height of
five feet, then clip the tops and keep
them clipped, which will hasten the
ripening, and convert all the strength
of the vine into fruit
When the plants are eight or ten
inches high. little runners or shoots
will appear in the forks. Here, writes
C. P. Bowsley in Farm and Home, is
where the whole secret lies. These
runners sap the main vines and turn
all the strength into vines instead Of
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1915-03-26
GOOD SPRAYER NEEDED
Suitable Machinery Is Essential
to Proper Work.
Owing TO Limited Time to Make APP
plieatlon, II Is Necessary to
Take Advantage Of Every
Convenience at Hand.
(By #. w. FAURoT1

AS timeliness is the first essential
of successful spraying SO is suitable
machinery the first essential of good
work. In the selection of a spraying
outft there are several points that
should be considered. The type suit.
able to the requirements of the or
chard In which 1t is to be used; wheth-
er hand pump is sufficient or wheth.
er a power outfit is required; the &C.
cessories, tanks, etc., are all impor.
tant details in the makeup of COM
plete outfit.
There are some dozen or fifteen re-
liable concerns which manufacture
spray machines. Each year nearly
every one of these establishments
adds some improvement which tends
to facilitate and tighten the work of
spraying. Only the very best should
be selected. Owing to the very limited
time for making some of the most
important applications, 1t is necessary
to take advantage of every possible
convenience for facilitating the work.
Wagon tanks Of two hundred gal
Ions capacity or more should be about
five to six feet long, have a round
bottom and fiat top. When made Of
cypress they retail at from fifteen to
twenty dollars. Cocoanut-oil barrels
or wine casks also make good tanks
for homemade outfits. For power
outfits two-hundred-gallon tanks are
the most convenient size. Larger
tanks are frequently used but are like
ly to cause delay from overload
The agitator is one of the important
essentials of every outfit, whether OPP
Grated by hand or power. Barrel
pumps usually have an agitator at
tached but with tank pump and power
outfits the agitator must be consid-
cred in connection with the tank. The
agitators furnished with power outfits
are usually one of two types, Of which
the propeller type is by all odds the
more desirable. 1t consists OF anSAron
shaft extending lengthwise of the
tank, on which are three or four, pre-
ferably four, propellerlike paddles. It
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1915-03-26

lime water to each pint Of the pre-
pared milk and allow half cupful
once an hour at first.
AS the foal grows, gradually in.
crease the amount of milk fed and
lengthen the intervals between meals.
In few days food may, be given six
times day and, later, four times
daily. The foal will soon learn to
drink from a pail, if allowed to suck
the attendants fingers at first.
Until the bowels move freely, give
rectal injections night and morning.
If the foal scours at any time give
two to four tablespoonful of mix
ture of sweet oil and pure castor oil
shaken up in milk, and stop feeding
milk for two or three meals, allowing
sweetened warm water and lime wa
ter instead. Let the foal lick oatmeal
as soon as it will eat and gradually
increase the amount and add wheat
bran. In five or six weeks some
sweet skim milk may be given and
the amount gradually increased daily
until, in three months or SO, it may
be given freely three times a day in
place of new milk The foal at this
age also will be eating freely of grass,
grain and bran.
At all times supply pure cold drink
ing water. Let the foal run out in a
lot or grass paddock for exercise.
Accustom II to be handled daily. Feed
esN,a
often, keeping all food vessels clean,
and the foal should thrive and devel.
OPP well. Remember that colt should
at III times be adequately fed so as
to develop 1t perfectly. Practically
half of the full weight of a horse is
gained during the first IL months of
its life. If stunted during this period
the colt never develops properly; it
therefore pays to feed generously.