davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The farmer and mechanic., 1915-11-02
jMPERil THEIR LIVES
FOR HUMANITY'S SAKE

Medical scientists interested in the
discovery of an efficacious autidote for
snake bites are risking their lives this
week at the Geological Gardens. in
Paramount Park, conducting expert
ments among the reptiles in the
snake house.. Psychologists the
world over have been working for
some time to perfect d serum says the
Philadelphia Public Ledger.
How would you like to sit down at
a table with a writhing rattle snake
before you, his fangs darting viciously
in every direction, and busy yourself
with extracting the sting from the
reptile? This is the work of the sci
enlist who risks his life for the sake
of humanity. In order to work out
a powerful serum the toxicologist has
to have some Of the deadly poison
Of the snake, and to get it he ope-
rates upon the live snake.
ner shown in the picture.
In 1S43 Lucien BOnaparte first made
an analysis of viperine venom and
claimed it to be proteid in character,
and 20 years later DR.. S. Weir Mitch
ell confirmed this statement after a
long series Of analysis Of the poison
OF the rattlesnake.
Since that time snake venoms have
been the subject of discussion and re-
search by the greatest toxicOlogiSts
the world over, all endeavoring to dis
cover a successful treatment to COM
bat the swift and deadly properties
| of the poison. The importance of
this work can be readily appreciated
inasmuch, that over 20 900 deaths are
recorded annually in India as the re-
suit of bites from venomous snakes.
| Doctor Calmette, in India, was the
| first to produce an antl-Serum for
snake venom, after a series Of expert
ments demonstrating that animals
could be immuniZed, by injecting a
non-fatal dose Of venom and gradually
increasing until the animal would slIr-
vive many times the fatal dose Much
progress has been made since that
| time, and it is now possible to pro
cure from the Pasteur institutes
throughout the world, specific serums
for the treatment Of snake bite The
serum is obtained by immunizins
horses with attenuated venom the
lserous portions of their blood yieldins
the anidotal serum. The serums mus
be specific, however, as an anti-serun
for rattlesnake poison will not do il
the case Of cobra bites, as the prop
critics Of the two Henoms are Nastf.
different in their composition and
therefore, not alike in their patho
logical action.
To obtain the venom, the snake i
held in a moose or with the finger
. close behind the head. The mouth i
then forced open, as shown in the il
. lustration, and the fangs hooked owe
the side of u small receptacle, Whe1
the operator presses the poison glands
. forcing the fluid through the hollo1
? fangS. Great care must be taken i
obtaining the venom, for a slight sli
, of the hand may result fatally TO TIA
= operator. The rattfesnale used in tlli
experiment yielded many times tn
necessary amount to cause death TO a
| n HJl1r
The farmer and mechanic., 1915-11-02
Robert ". Chambers Gives Advice to
BEGINNERS

Robert w. Chambers gave this ad-
vice to the beginner some years ago,
and it holds good today: "Haye some
thing to say and learn by experience
how to say it. The important thing
to be sure. is something to say. The
trouble with most people who try to
write stories is that they have nothing
to write about. Next-dont talk
about it, do it. A writer can make
his own market. 1t is the en1v way
to do. Write what appeals to YOU
and find publisher who will take il.
Don't GO to publisher and ask him
what he wants. Make him want what
you have to offer. If it is the real
thing you won't have much dificultv
You will break into print with yonr
| first effort. The Strand Magazine,
The farmer and mechanic., 1915-11-02

4 AsheNi1le. Oct. 30-fi +
arraisned Yesterday before : NJ
f'razier Glenn Of the city ponce
Of a charge of conducting I4
here, Wa found guilty and 1
under bond of 81 800 to euaraI'aa
appearance IN police court Not"s-
10 when judgment Will w
Tnlrfccd
The farmer and mechanic., 1915-11-02

Great Britain is refusing tn
fered help Of English women do
while Russia * gladly accept IN
ass; 2nca
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-17
First Published in The Topeka State
Journal April 6, 1915

State Superintendent Of Public In
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-17
EoE sALE-REAL ESTATE: sALE-REAL ESTATE.
FOR SALE FARM BARGAINS
IE-REAL ESTATE.


mile to
r.
very terms. Price ~ "' " s A anu ~ 'sS'
miles romh bust of Topeka D.,
n
tight 10 1920 nice shade
session
s.
IA o acres good bot pm
$500 rarh " H. d. " mousse close
purch a will
~
j. e. SMAFFER. & co.
Ave,T KAN.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-17
First published in The Topeka State
Journal April 16, 1915
PROPOSALS.


Sealed proposals will be received by the
Kansas State Board of Control until 10
A. NJ. Friday. April Both. 1915, for ne fur
nishing of all labor and materials for the
erection of Dining Hall and Kitchen
Bldg, at the State Hospital, Larned, Kan
sas.
All to be in accordance with the plans
and specifications prepared for the same
by Charles II. Chandler, State Architect
Plans and specifications may be had at
the office of the State Architect.
Each proposal must be accompanied by
a certified check for five 80 per cent of
the amount bid, made payable to Mr. S.
Myers. Treasurer, and the same shall be
forfeited to the State in case the success
full bidder fails for ten days to enter into
contract and furnish the required bonds as
prescribed by law, after award of con ;
tract has been made.
The attention of the bidder is called to
Chapter ia of the Session Laws of 1891
with which he must comply. This is COM
monty known the Eight Hour Law
The Board reserves the right to con-
slider bids as a whole to segregate, as
appears to the best interest of the State
to do, also to reject any or all bids, or
parts of bids, if IL is deemed to be to the
States interest to do So
All proposals will be presented under
sealed cover and shall be marked PRO
posals'' and addressed to Secretary J. W.
Howe. State Board of Control, State House,
Topeka, Kansas Signed,
KASAS STATE BOARD OF CONTROL.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-17
MOVING.
LEGAL


First published in The Topeka State
Journal April 16, 1915.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-17
NOTICE OF BOND SALE

Notice is hereby given that Drainage
District Number One of Atchison County,
Kansas, offers for sale bonds of the dis
trict to the amount of $63, 52173, bearing
interest semi annually, at six percent per
annum payable on the first of July and
first of January each year. The issue con-
sists of fifty bonds of $4,000 and one
bond of $4,000, maturing July LIST, 1920,
eight bonds of the denomination of S5OO.O0
and one bond of the denomination of
$4,000 maturing July LIST, 1921, and bonds
to the same number and denomination
maturing July LIST, 1922 and annually
thereafter until July list, 1929, excepting
that I'm lieu of bond for $4,000 maturing
on the last mentioned date, there will be
a bond of $621.73.
Sealed bids for the above bonds, when
accompanied by a certified check for five
percent of the amount of bid, will be re-
ceived and opened May LIST, 1915 at two
o'clock p. m. at the Muscotah State Bank
Muscotah, Atchison County, Kansas.
Bids may be for a part all of the
bonds. The board reserves the right to re-
ject any and all bids. No bids will be
considered that for less than the par
value of the bonds.
These bonds are first lien upon prac-
Hcally eight thousand and thirty-eight
acres of farm land, of which substantially
ninety percent is in cultivation al present
For further information, address the I'M
dersfgned, Secretary at Muscotah, Kansas
Board of Supervisors of Drainage District
Number One of Atchison County, Kan
sas.
BY C. P. HUMPHREY, Chairman.
A. d. WILCOX, Secretary.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-17

Sealed proposals will be received by the
State Board of Administration at Topeka
Kansas until p. NJ Friday, April Both
1915, for the furnishing of all labor and
materials necessary for the erection and
completion of a Laboratory Building for
the Kansas University Medical School
Rosedale, Kansas.
Specifications and plans may be, seen on
file in the office of the Institution at Rose
dale. Kansas, and in the office of Charles
81. Chandler, State Architect, at Topeka
Kansas.
Each bid must be accompanied by a GER
titled check for five 80 per cent of the
amount bid. Said check to be made pay
able to d. M Bowen, Secy. State Board Of
Administration and the same shall be for
fefted to the State in case the successful
bidder fails for five days to enter into
contract and furnish the required bonds as
prescribed by law. after award of con-
tract has been made.
The attention of bidders is called to
Chapter III, Session Laws of 1891, with
which they must comply. This is common
ly known the Eight Hour Law"
The right is reserved by the Board to
reject any or all bids or parts of bids
if it is deemed to be to the States interest
to do so.
Proposals will be presented under sealed
covers, and shall be marked Proposals
for Laboratory Bldg" and sent to d. NJ.
ton, Capitol Building, Topeka, Kansas.
STATE BOARD OF ADMINISTRATION
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-17
LEGAL.
-~>~-@~~-~~---~~-@-~~~~~--~
First published in The Topeka State

Executive Department,
Governors Office,
Topeka. Kansas, April IA. 1915.
l. ARTHUR CAPPER, Governor of the
state of Kansas, do hereby offer a reward
of
TWO HUNDRED DOLLARS
for the arrest within ninety days from
this date, and the final conviction there
after, of the person or persons who placed
n bomb in the Cudahy Packing Company's
plant at Kansas City. Kansas, which
destroyed a large part of the plant and
DANGEROUSLY burned two employees. Said
reward to be paid upon final conviction of
said party or parties:
IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, / have
hereunto subscribed my name
and caused to be affixed the
TSeall Great Seal of the State of Kan
sas Done at Topeka this 14th
day of April, 1915.
ARTHUR CAPPER, Governor.
BY the Governor:
J. T. BOTKIN, Secretary of State
By E. a. CORNELL,
Asst Secretary of State.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-17
FOR sALE-REAL ESTATE.
$40 ACRES IMPROVED

Graham Co, Kan, 400 acres under pillow,
200 in wheat, 40 in alfalfa. sets improve
ments miles to county seat; near school;
good corn, wheat and alfalfa land; wheat
on adjoining land went As bu. per acre this
year. This is rare opportunity. as with
war prices one ought to pay for this farm
with one crop, as I can sell 1T at SIS per
acre If sold at once Might sell part II
party did not want all. Do you know
Graham county raised more wheat and
corn combined than Brown county in 1914?
If not, look it up and have samples of
wheat, corn and alfalfa at my office. Call
and see them and will tell you all about
this farm
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-17
TFirst Published in The Topeka State
journal April 8, 1851


Topeka, Kansas, April 3, 1915.
Notice is hereby given that the State
School Book Commission will convene on
Monday. May 3. 1915. at two O'Clock D. M,
at office of said commission to
consider propositions to furnish for
terms of five years to the schools of Kansas,
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-17

SUBURBAN HOMES
; acres. 21a in beautiful alfalfa, u acre
fruit, fine new cottage, very close in, $500.
Might take some trade
acres, fine new cottage. good barn, D
acres fruit. close in, $4,000.
II acres, 2k miles out, room house.
good barn, chicken house, milk house, some
timber, 81 500. Some trade.
Some fine cottages well located. cheap.
City lots to sell or trade; automobile to
sell or exchange; will take horse, buggy and
harness this. See quick.
w. s. HANCOCK.
Cos Kansas Ave. Tel. 1897 or 34Q1.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-17
LEGAL.

as provided by law, the following text
solid combined; Latin: exercises, begin
ners book, grammar; prose composition.
Caesar, Cicero, Vergil; English compost
ton, rhetoric, combination composition
and rhetoric English literature. American
ture; History: ancient, medieval and
modern, English. American; ancient and
istry; physics; zoology; geology; ele-
mentary general science; physiology; ag-
rfculture; descriptive astronomy; book
keeping; German: grammar, composition,
readers, classics; French: grammar, COM
position, readers, classics, word analysisl
also a graded system of drawing books
(for use below the high SCHOOL,, and Eng
lish classics flor four years. ; and to trans
act such other business as may properly
and lawfully come before said Commits
sion.
w. ID. ROSS
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-06-22
WOMEN, BAREFOOTED,
FLEE FROM A HOTEL

Two women. barefooted and scanti-
y attired. at an early hour this morn
Ing ran down the stairs at the Ar
lington hotel in Moline and jumped
into 4 waiting auto and drove west on
Third avenue One is said 20 be Rock
Island woman
Half an hour after the women had
made their strange exit. two men.
giving their names as Theodore Varies
and Harry Spirlig. reported TO the
hotel clerk that the women had rob-
bed them of $50. In the room that
the women had occupied were found
two pairs OF stockings, two pairs OF
shoes. and some other garments, and
there were plentiful indications that
the departure OF the women had been
= hasty one.
Il Is believed the women have de-
parted from the three cities, but the
police are endeavoring 10 find them
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-06-22
.SAYSGONFE SSlON
RESULT PRESSURE
Lari Bruce Declare Sc Made Admis-
slices tafr1s Aflrr rsiirs iced
ter -ThlEE DEGREE

AtFE6asa police Testimony ia enc
Earl Bruce case Has t1 tlr eject thst
Gfsee eaeErssrG 90 havsns stolen -
e1aeEees ss9az ttEs Catherine RED
Ess. tae aefra1aat toas enc staad in
c5Fegls eagst Gats @1Fasass aFaifs the
tF,sEh 81 enc e1afFssioa. aa1 declared
81 saaGs che e1efrsssaa under pres
ssfe iEf.maF5sF that taf -ttiFi de-
gree had been used
This practically e8EEtstr.l 90 che de-
eers~. vsga thf FEcepti1a of tar state
aFafE Gzasr tr Bruce fasF hr -di4 nos
60 lE rl- l9rf t81E tfr case for
EFtitersfiaa ssartlF after O'Clock
ta5s afteFuoea.
Wbea ere jury was secured yrsfrr-
tsr affrFuoaa. t0tt1airE the crraiaF
ssaFraseafs. Ctsrf Dt Police pail MiiieF
testified f1s fEr state ofHFsg utn
gave evidence lr tFtatf 1f thr prose
cGtiaa wesr Detective Tom Cox. Mrs.
HrdaiE. owner o. che chickens. Nisf
gfrths uadeusseft. who Cd employed
az the rarat usrket in taF loser cad
of thr e5tT uhFr~ Brace Del alleged 90
kavr sold the chickens. and - NoEt
500 of the proprietor % the u.aTkr'.
Aside from Bruce. 1fFs. Desmond.
bis ra6sher-in-iasF. and Miss Gertrude
Reed. a frterd. testified in the d~fenf-
ants behalf CLOSING arguments start
90 thts morning and werr concluded
SHORTLY after e0ust couVsaef this az
ssrn86n Ther arEumrufs on the in-
ssruetions we're taken up- Assistant
states Attorney \ G. Edwards pros
erase6 ssa 7. 2. sinnett VAS The de-
fsafsnt's attorney
TIE jury vas composed % g. n
Caurch. p " thris. " - BisirT %
Rock tsisnas = kliuEeb.el. Neis
Pierce. FRITZ Prt~rson. J. GsisbcrEcF.
Joe Bsseher ard Perry Eimm~riiuE.
,fo.iaes " Emuiit and ". e. whitney.
soafh Moiias. and George Nichols.
Hzmpsoa-
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-06-22
PERSONAL POINTS

1trs. a. O. st1ss 81 tleasss e sisifisz
wus 1tss ~ a MaFtlsfsis. zets
gesfga sasess.
rssrs5s es 1lrs useFT EFasef.
taates srtsass-Es& $685. wt9 ssG q
fsEsFe sefasss e5erasiae seft6eaasf a
vses azss w5g BE- slssss's 90 sszF tzzE
sac Lei greatly Gel ereEef.
ffarevtf Erass. a6ass Gsss tsJset.
rrfgeusg ta GEs ess= te'2sg Efaa g.
NasasUgs sase flsl. 0sFfs Es ess srTa
eesfssf Ger CSC last rts wsFss. f5,r
.asyleE ss Feeesflae Coo sesee1ie ,tls.
Frss Jessie Usasses. GssEssss OF 1tr.
ss.t WFs 81 p Neis6eas taFssFfig Of
Fsas rer tas COW Fssbt.sE Del Meses-
a.s-. f-e.ssasE Co Ser hsGs YESTERDAY
sr-Fna6a asssF a vts.H 81 ssfes veess
vt her sister ttss George it Davis.
tass Ustgrsa sFeass
a. ets sEfsH ffses FtFsEsss ra.s'ss
vas received Fals ssafsE ~ ttf ss&
1fes 81 o. csg--8s ssssss eE fss bsFth
OF se rtEsg sss ass-sslf fs9st soc
-1 lfr asf ytFs victor C. ttst SIZES
fsU vas saFssstv sfss5s oFaee c7.-
tss 5fr ffsu fs tscEsss az rtFetsls
af Charge OF a eFasea 81 ere eteostF
asf sssssF ~ ere ftasefs potsFE esa2-
tasF Of ssa Fsaeetsea.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-06-22

Direefnrs-E- ". woodcoek. DR.. ".
= Taylor. Henry J. Grip. II. 2
Lanct. r. s. WOODBURY.. william But
teT-oTth. q. =. Anderson. C. A Lar
son. FIRED r NogzE. G. ". McA.aster.
4. c. AaGerSon. c. , Taylor. p. 5. Nc
olyun-
President william Bstfcrworth this
morning selected three members OF
the executive committee 20 act with
himself and Secretary Woodcoci- That
committee nov consists % William
n1tferuortG- p -. Woodcock. Henry
J. Grip. Y. 5. wootburn. ". = Tay-
Tor.
when the meeting last night vas
called % order BY n. \ Jansen. chair
nan % the Greater Moline committee
. uo@inatinE committee was appoint
-. and while that body dciihcrafcd On
the u9minafious for directors. three
addresses we're given. the Grst by Sen
afnr 3. a Landcc. the second By Mr.
Woodcock and the final b. Mr. Clark
son. who spoke on Dry Farming in
Kansas
~ the directors meeting this morn
ms. bylaws we're adopted. subject 20
arat cnrfrnation az a meeting 20 be
held a. the Manufacturers hotel. sat
urday. JuiT 3. Secretary Woodcock
Was also empowered % name an as
sisfant- He selected Editor Joe Long
% The Road Maker.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-06-22
SUMMER HOLIDAY
TO Be OBSERVED
Swedish-American Of Rock Island and
Moline VIII Hold Annual
Celebration Thursday.

All arrangements have been COM
pletsd for the celebration OF midsum-
MGR day by Swedish-Amerioan Of Mo
line Rock Island and vicinity. the fes-
tlval 10 take place next Thursday in
Prospect park, Moline.
There will be music from TO ESQ
by the Crescent cornet band. In the
absence OF DR.. c. A. Andreen. Rev.
Albert u. Johanson will preside. The
program:
SonE-Four hundred children under
direction Of Mrs. a. n Johanson.
Bible reading and prayer-Rev. z.
4. Lagerstrom.
Son-OIive male chorus
SonE-National chorus.
Address of welcome-Rev. A F.
BcrEsfrom.
song -Svca male chorus
Address-AEronom ?. Winners Of
sweden.
Sons-National chorus.
Sons-Children
Report OF resolutions committee
Rev. y. J. Forsbers.
song America'-Audience
Benediciion Rev. c. J. Nelson.
There will be a Maypole dance by
the children after the program and
from 20 will be devoted to sport
events. At s IN the evening Mr.. WILL
rners will again be heard His lecture
in the park pavilion will be illustrated
with stereopucon slides. Those in
charge OF the celebration:
Chairman-Dr. Gustav Andreen.
Cice chairman-Rev. 4. N. Johan-
son
Secretary-L. J. Vessel.
Vice secretary-C. R Lawson.
Treasurer-Carl BerEstedt.
Committee chairmen;
ProEram-Albert NJ Johansou-
Observation-Disclosures Eckland.
Park-Martin R. Carlson
Decorations-C. L. Nordgren.
Sports-G ". Johnson.
Resolutious-Rev. y. J. Forsberg.
Publicity-c. a. Larson, Gus Falk
and + Sundeen.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-06-22
ROAD MEETING TO
ATTRACT CROWD
Hl<hwAy Booster Sessi0n az Rock L.
land ClHb Expected 10 Be Well
Attended.

wlth a general invitatioa extended
20 al in this city Who are interested
iu good roads. an4 wifh Indications
that . ESeE Island 1fs-eay road
eiub~ Wlll be formed. q is expected
that . large aa@bsF % citizens viii
attend the meeting at the Rock Is
Land eiub this evening. when James u.
ClzrEson. Carthage. No. Wiii give an
address on The Human Equation In
Road BgiidinE.
TIE meeting this svsninE - under
ne auspices % the Rock Island club.
aad T. the second ore o: a series IN
this county. Last evening Nr. Clark
son talked az the Moline club and
THURSDAY evening be Eiii address East
,ioiiac eiti<c1s-
TIE Greater Moline ss5-aay road
club vas formed a. the meeting IN Mo
lire last cscniak Directors we're
chssen a. the meeting last evening and
thss morning oszceFs we're named Fol
lo~rsr< are The o1cers:
Presife-,-v!iiianl5 utfervoTta.
ssere,Asy-E ". woodeoek-
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-06-22

az q ea=sssts s4rrriss g. s.@sel4i eiF-
ciss hsre fs Ez4 ssea ssesFstoc4
teas 80 f4tEss vessiG 49, - eo1z-
asisssssss aasr fsfT 3. ssf rsssters
WeFs s-sesFsf ri tss Ea.z sE4 erzzes
eesFrs seFes1szEtF
Ja1Es CesFes. $50 FesxFsee fFez
agrtszGetg 90 as sa@s o@iF Fsss7F-
Gag ssarrlrE. zefiFef t1ezs a@teesi-
fFs tass go stsef.es Feszrss ea.+lG
sat b. eaarssss9 asst tstrs ssf fsEt
eeefHr tssiars wsstf Gee b. saee est
asFu Iatf tf vas Coo Fats Fessee
nat fasEs o.esf=g ssssteG tse bar
Gag ee ere @safas4s la esasss ealzrt.
nfsklaE tass tssfs we,.a2 BE- Eieetg %
t.es ss dispose ~ fse esssfe- ee''erea
aea aef fss t.ar BE ea@aaisssse
eesaf sSErs.
gasFr otasss9. ss resssisE 20 private
If-. wat e5ee a az eers ss tse Safe
rf es 80 sas plu eaes.s@s fsr Frae-
t-r wesee 20 assesaaes fasf Fesfs
as9 weea sisefr4 eosntF is4Es.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-06-22
IN FIGHT ON DRUGS IN
PANAMA CANAL ZONE

Panama. June 22-The aid of the
Panama government has been prom
ised by Minister of Foreign Affairs
Lefevre TO Brigadier General Edwards
commanding the United States forces
in the canal zone, in his efforts to
stamp out the use of habit forming
drugs among soldiers on the Isthmus
President Porras Will be asked TO is
sue a decree making effective in Pan
anna stringent regulations against the
sale OF drugs.
This plan is the outcome OF General
Edwards recent investigation Of the
Illicit traffic in drugs in the canal zone
and Panama The inquiry led 10 the
arrest and conviction of several Pan
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1915-06-22

Moline men in the court of DuPage
county had been thrown out of court
because OF failure of the state TO sub
stantiate the charges. Complaint
against the Moline men followed the
death OF a woman in that county who
had been treated by the Freeman can
Ger institute.
In a statement given out today by
the Freemans they claim the court de-
cision is a great victory for them and
recognition OF their cancer treatment
They say the case at Wheaton was
inspired by physicians and was an at
tack on their methods.