davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1915-12-05
LOCAL GIRL SCOUTS HAVE
A STRONG ORGANIZATION

Miss Laura Jacobs. Troop -: Mrs. w.
B. Pain. Troop 3: Mrs. J. ID. Eggleston.
Troop 5. Takoma; Mrs. F. p. Wilcox
Troop 10.
Last June the first annual rally
marked an epoch in the history and
progress of this movement Assembled
on the grassy slopes of the Zoo Park
the Washington Girl Scouts with the
accompaniment of the Boy Scout Band.
gave the first big public demonstra-
phase of their work as far as they had
been able through length of member
ship to take up was exhibited and q
most creditabie showing they made.
The main feature of the day was the
presentation of fifty proficiency badges
by the national president, Mrs. Juliette
Gordon Low of savannah. Ga.
The Girl Scouts of Washington have
participated in some fashion in all of
the public movements since the organ
iZation of the first troop. They have
collected money and clothes for the
war-impoverished Belgians. gifts for
the Christmas ship, knitted muff1ers
and socks and collected old kid gloves
for the lining of vests for European
soldiers, made knitted scarfs for the
English Boy Scouts who are doing coast
guard duty. and have responded to
every call made upon them for demon
the Associated Charities last summer
in raising its $4,000 to maintain the
baby hospital at Camp Good Will, sold
nearly $500 worth of flags for the Red
Cross. besides giving their presence and
unique exercises to many of the pro-
grams for civic and church activities.
These are a few of the things that
this wonderful movement gives these
girls in teaching them to be prepared
for all emergencies: To do a good turn
daily. each to be a little sister to all
the world. to be true to her God. he
country, her family, and her scout laws.
Evening star., 1915-12-05

year. The salaries of the Speakers
clerks total s12,SOO For chief door
keeper the House paid $4,000 as
against $3.50 formerly. and his salary
roll now aggregates $4,000 annually.
Two chaplains. one at either end of
the Capitol, get $1,000 each.
Shorthand writer's reporting the
speeches and proceedings of Congress
are paid $4,000 year. Previous to
1s4s, the reporting of speeches was
crudely done. Members of the House
during the First Congress, vigorously
complained of the inef1iciency of their
shorthand writer's. The speech of Mr..
Brown was often attributed to Mr..
Jones. and Mr.. Smith. on important vo-
cal occasions, was represented as TAX
ing a position that was violently con-
Trajectory of what he had actually
said, which caused him considerable
mbarrassment at home.
The sessions of the Senate in by
gone days were closed to the public.
Members of the lower house were not
permitted to be present. They were
even chased out of the gallery when
they tried to be spectators. Resolutions
to open the doors to every one, includ
ing representatives. were energetically
voted down on two occasions. In 1894,
Evening star., 1915-12-05

these coats saved many men from
freezing to death.
The garments are counterpa-ts Of the
coats worn by the motormen who
operate the trolley cars in Boston, with
the exception OF the color. as the Eos-
ton coats are dyed brown or black
Boxes of German cakes cut into gro
tesque figures of soldiers caused
much merriment among the troops
when they set the gingerbread men up
in rows and then knocked them down
with candies. Finally they made a
feast OF their targets. In many places
the men managed to serve regular
Christmas dinners, where to use tie
expression of a German who spoke
English. they made pleasant with ad
dresses and conversation"
Along the lines of the allies the same
scenes were enacted, except there were
fewer Christmas trees, the British and
French contenting themselves by hang
ing branches of evergreen about the
trenches. The Christmas box was in
evidence. as well as the fur coat. warm
mittens, muffiers and sweaters.
Down in the French trenches there
were several Christmas vaudeville
Evening star., 1915-12-05

CONTINUED from Second Pageo
and the girls followed a paper trail
that brought them to the river
In searching a barge for the boys who
had disappeared. one of the girls lost
her balance and fell into the river.
Instantly the captain extended the
staye which she was holding. The
little girl, without losing her head.
took hold of the pole and held on until
two of the boys, who were summoned,
could arrive and get hold of her arms
to pull her out. Some one ran ahead
heating by the time the others came
with the girl. They had kept her run
ming so she would not take cold.
Troop 10, of which Mrs. H. N. Stailey
the summer they held three of their
meetings in the city and one at River
dale, at the home of their captain.
These meetings lasted all day. combi-
nations of work and play. The nrst
thing on the program was to gather
fruits and vegetables. which We're made
into jelly or canned. Then the girls
got lunch and later the meetings were
called to order. AS a rule these were
held in the open around a large flag.
At the conclusion of the exercises. a
walk to the woods or a trip to the
swimming pool was usually made.
Then. when they got back to the house.
it was time to salute the flag, lower
it and get ready for home.
The girls of this troop organized last
winter and got their troop certificate
last February. In their scout training
they have learned to cook and can all
kinds of fruits, vegetables. etc.
Some of the other captains are: Mrs.
w. B. Bayles. Troop 20: Mrs. G. S.
Craig. Troop 21; Mrs. Minnie L. Brook,
Troop 2; Miss Treat Troop 4; Miss s.
ardson, Troop 9; Miss Mary Stinemetz.
Troop IL; Miss Van Nest, Troop IA;
Evening star., 1915-12-05
VICE PRESIDENT MARSHALL.

however, the Senate. yielding to in
sistent demands, agreed that no harm
would befall the nation were the peo-
pie to hear and see their august serv-
ants declaim and perform.
among the senator's" wrote Phil
adelphia reporter more than century
ago. ''is observed constantly during the
debates the most delightful silence, the
most beautiful order, gravity and dig
nifty of manner. They all appear every
morning full-poWdered and dressed in
the richest material. The very atmos-
phere of the chamber seems to inspire
wisdom, mildness and condescension.
Should any of the senators SO far for
get for a moment as to be the cause of
protracted whisper while another is
addressing the Vice President three
gentle raps with his silver pencil case
by Mr.. Adams John. Abigails hus-
band) Immediately restores everything
to repose and the most respectful at
tention.'
THE senators in their courtesy" the
Philadelphia reporter said, in continu-
ing his description, present a most
striking contrast to the independent
loquacity of the represent tatives below
stairs, most of whom persist in wear
ing while in their seats and during de-
Evening star., 1915-12-05

more until you reach the city, which
is only SO in name. Here and there
is a small cot. without glass window,
interspersed among the forests through
which you. travel for miles without
seeing a human being.
Once in Washington. what then?
Only one wing OF the Capitol had been
erected, wrote John Cotton Smith. a
representative from Connecticut, in his
description of the new seat of govern
ment. The Pennsylvania avenue" he
said, leading, as laid down on paper.
from the Capitol to the presidential
whole distance. covered with elder
bushes. which are 'cut through to the
Presidents home.
Such is the picture of Washington as
it was when the Sixth Congress began
it's second session in November, 1900.
Senators and representatives came to
their duties in stages and on horseback.
They are hurrying now to Washington
in parIor cars and sleeping cars, in re-
cIining chairs, staterooms and sections.
The compensation of a congressman
then was S6 a day, not by the year, wet
or dry, but only during sessions. 1t is
s625 month at present no matter
what happens. A century and fifteen
years ago senators and representatives
wrote their own letters with pens made
of goose quills. Now they have private
secretaries and clerks, paid out of the
public funds. and their dictated letters
are printed on machines.
The mileage a hundred years ago was
80 cents mile each way. Travelling
was difficult. uncomfortable and costly.
The roads were deep with dust and
mud; alternately. From 1917 until 1855
the pay of congressman was IS day.
Forty cents, going as well as coming,
was allowed them for expenses.
Beginning with 1855 and continuing
until 1865. the compensation was $4,000
year. The mileage remained at the
old figure. Between 1865 and 1871 the
salary of a senator or a representative
was $4,000 and he received 20 cents
mile for journeying to Washington, and
the same allowance was made him for
journeying to his home at the end of
the session.
The mileage of that period 20 cents,
Evening star., 1915-12-05
SPEAKER CHAMP CLARK.

S16,0O0.000 Capitol and under dome
celebrated throughout the world, but
at the city hall, in Wall street, New
York. The building, erected in 100, at
of the mayor. the courts, the chamber
of the common council and the county
Jail.
The merchants of the city contributed
$4,000 in money and the building was
redecorated and rearranged and turned
into Federal Hall" The Senate and
the House of Representatives were
paved with marble obtained from
American quarries. Soldiers OF the
regular army qua rded the building and
the lawmakers, all of whom wore knee
breeches and powdered wigs.
Famous and fearless men sat in both
houses Of Congress. Some of them had
signed the Declaration of Independ-
ence Others had fought in the revolu
ton Several had helped to frame and
phrase the new Constitution. Freder
ick A Muhlenberg of Pennsylvania, ed
ucated in Germany. once Lutheran
preacher. was Speaker. John Langdon
Of New Hampshire, the merchant who
gave all of his ready money, pawned
his silverware and contributed the pro-
ceeds of seventy hogsheads of tobacco
to equip a brigade of soldiers. was
President pro tempore of the Senate
There were twenty-five senators in
the First Congress and fifty-nine repre-
sentatives. The United States con-
tained 100000 inhabitants. Philadel-
phia. New York and Boston combined
had a population of about 100000. The
country west of the Allegheny noun
tains was a region of mystery, where
dwelt wild animals and painted saw
ages.
The opening session of the First Con-
gress began on March 4, 1889. and ad-
journed September 20. During the sec
ond session. which began January 4.
1890, the first great legislative issue of
Evening star., 1915-12-05

shows. 1t is a well known fact that
hundreds of French players are fight
ing in the ranks of the French army,
and wherever they could be found
Christmas day they We're pressed into
service to do turn" and for a time
the horrors of war were forgotten in
the peals of laughter which resounded
throughout the long ditch. we had
plenty to eat and a good time" wrote
Frenchman to his mother. Your cake
well, | can't tell you how much we
enjoyed it. One of the men from the
old Moulin Rouge, in Paris, is In our
regiment and he gave US a fine show.
Two or three times he ran out of the
trenches and waved his hat at the Ger
mans, but they did not shoot at him
in fact, they did not bother us at all. I
expect they were celebrating just as
we were"
In the English trenches the men were
fairly overloaded with good things. and
it seemed that every man had his plum
pudding, mullins and jam, to say moth
Evening star., 1915-12-05

the new nation was debated and de-
cided.
The domestic debt of the United
States, as reported by Alexander Ham
ilton, Secretary of the Treasury. was
s42.400,000. The foreign debt amounted
to S11, 100000. Debts of the states,
caused by the revolutionary war, to-
tailed $1S,300.00O.
IL
The debts of the states, so Hamilton
insisted. were. in fact. debts of the ma
ton and rightfully should be assumed
by the nation. The plan was bitterly
opposed. Then followed the initiatory
trading of votes in an American Con-
gress. The state debts were assumed
and the National Capital in return was
located on the Potomac river.
Capitalists supplied money for the
payment of all the obligations of the
United States. Business doomed. He
touched the dead corpse of public cred
it," Daniel Webster said of Ham..ton,
"and it sprang upon its feet" The plan.
other and cotemporary men declared,
was "a monument of statesma nship."
Thus in its strong lights is pictured
rudely enough, it is confessed-the work
and the settings of the First Congress.
The SiXty-fourth Congress will meet
tomorrow. More than 1000 men. in one
capacity and another. will begin "the
arduous but pleasing task of attempt
ing to make a nation happy.
Perhaps a small group of amazing
figures, picked out of the computations
of the last session of the Sixty-third
Congress, may reveal the modern way
of contributing to the happiness of the
republic:
Number of bills introduced in the
Senate. 7,751; number of bills intro
duced in the House of Representatives.
2l.616: total. 29,367 bills. OF which 342
only became public laws to use a
phrase common among Washington
Legislators. Cost, about 100000.
Copyright 1915, by James B. Morrcw)
Evening star., 1915-12-05

ing of the new, warm clothing. Hun
dreds of cases of milk were sent by
friends. An English dairy made a spe-
cialty of sending milk to the trenches
for Christmas, and one might send as
few as half a dozen quart bottles, SO
even the poorest woman was able to
send her son milk for Christmas.
At several points where the trenches
of the Germans and the English were not
far apart the Germans began to talk
peace and good will among themselves.
After ALL" they said. our enemies are
but fighting for the land they love, as we
are. and why should we not forget our
differences and on this birthday of the
Son OF Man give greeting to our enemies?'
This feeling brought about Christmas
scenes on the battlefelds of Europe which
seem almost incredible. A number of
English war correspondents witnessed the
incidents, and sent reports to their re-
spective newspapers
After the Germans had trimmed their
Christmas trees and set up lanterns they
came out of their trenches bearing flag
of truce and invited the English to stop
shooting and come over and celebrate
Evening star., 1915-12-05
FRIEDRICH A. c. MUHLENBERG, :
First Speaker of Congress.

a n outlay of nine millions year
h\ for maintenance only is
0\ worth looking into.
q y Items such as these, for eX-
ample. are both serious and interesting
Compensation Ga dignified word al
ways employed officially) of the mem
bers of Congress. both houses, $4,O24,-
500 and their mileage (pure velvet,
s226.0oO
To which must be added the salaries
of. say. 1900 employees, a printing bill
of $1.5s7,ooO and the care of library
housed in a -million-dollar building.
1t was calculated in 1889 that the
First Congress would have to provide
ways and means for the collection of
expenses of the national government,
compensation of senators and repre-
sentatives included. Three-ffths of a
millions in 1915!
The salary list of Congress today
of the members, their clerks and secre-
taries and other employes-would have
financially wrecked the new republic.
In June, 1900, the government was
moved from Philadelphia to Washing
ton.
There are probably 10000 officehold
ers at the National Capital this year.
Back in 1900 federal employees num-
bered no more than 200. Books, docu-
Inents and furniture were sent away
from Philadelphia in sloops. Cabinet
ministers and their clerks travelled to
Washington by stage and were nearly
week on the way. The distance Is
now covered in three hours.
After leaving Baltimore" Mrs. Abi-
gail Smith Adams, wife of the Vice
President. who was a passenger in one
Of the stages, wrote to her daughter.
we wandered abaut for two hours
without finding a guide or a path
Woods" this sagacious and capable
woman went on to say, ARE all you
can see from the time you leave Balti-
Evening star., 1915-12-05
Congress Spends Sc, 600, 900 Year for Mai1

THE Now and the PastMony Travelling P
introduced During Session Fewer
Public Laws-Lde Bygone DaysA
Looked twas "Popuad Once Halted While
Wore Their Hats
Evening star., 1915-12-05

rifice to, the lust of power during the
year. and yet whatever bitterness and
hatred there may be among those en-
gagged III this terrible conflict, If there
is any personal bitterness or hatred,
will probably be forgotten and the day
celebrated as it was last year by the
men themselves declaring a truce and
fraterniZing with each other on the
ground before the trenches.
While much has been written of life
In the underground dens. where men
have burrowed like rats into the earth
to escape the guns OF the enemy and
Evening star., 1915-12-05

HRIM FACE on earth. good viii to
Do W. men, is heard all over
Christendom Chri S IN
morning, and the spirit of
charity it teaches is not without its m
fiuence even among those who may
seem to hate each other.
The Christmas of 1915 will find Eu-
rope as II did in le14-an armed camp.
The only difference between the days
~ill be that millions of killed and
wounded have been offered up as a sac
Evening star., 1915-12-05

yet be able to pick off this same enemy
at will. these accounts show that there
is little that is picturesque or romantic
about trench warfare. Last winter
nerve-racked men lived for days in
muddy bitches, wondering how much
longer it would last-this awful
slaughter of men, this terrifying COM
bat of long opposing lines of heavy ar
tiliery and howitZers, the shrieking of
shell. the whistling of shrapnel and
the tearing roar of guns. the savage eff
forts to take and retake trenches with
always the slaughter of brave men.
When there is a lull in the hghting
trench life is even worse than when
there is firing. for the monotony of
idleness so works upon their nerves
that every bush or tree becomes an
imaginary enemy, the cracking of
twig, the signing of the wind the
moan of sleeping soldier will set
their nerves ajinsle. Cheer up. boys,
Christmas will soon be here and we
will have all sorts of good things"
cries out one of the men, as he looks
at his comrades wan face, and the two
begin to talk of~the coming festival as
the one bright spot in the trench
fighters life.
Christmas brings gifts and good
wishes from relatives and friends who
they know are praying for the safety
of the brave boys fighting for the land
of their birth. Early in December the
Christmas boxes for the trenches are
sent out, as IL takes long time to get
anything but ammunition and the
necessary food supplies to the front
The soldier must wait for his Injuries
Those who are acquainted with the
German people know that wherever
a German happens to be at Christmas
he will find some way to celebrate the
festival, and the German soldier in the
trench is exception, for he is al
ready gathering in the pine branches
to decorate his undergr oUn1 quarters.
Last year. although the weather was
IrI,1
Christmas cheer into the very tneater
of war by actually setting up Christ
mas trees in the trenches and deco
rating them with bright -colored bands
and ribbons taken from tta cigars and
cigarettes which had been sent 70 them
Every scrap of colo-ed PAPER that
cording to a letter from "A German sol
dier to his mother one tree vas deco
rated with paper chickens made from
the colored papers that had been wrap
ped around the candy kisses" sent
from home. He also described how
during the afternoon, he wore his new
sheepskin coat during a run back If
the lines. This type of coat, by the way
the men at the front and hundreds
were received. They. are made of sheep-
skin and are very warm. OF course
they make an excellent target for the
enemy unless there is snow on the
ground, in which case they are idea,,
and a man wearing one can move
about freely without being seen oy the
enemy. They are also useful when a
waiting game is played. as the trenches
are cold. damp places, and last year
Evening star., 1915-12-05

Year When
WaCs for Fighters the Irenchesow the Germans CeebeLus the
Heavy When
Evening star., 1915-12-05

a n outlay of nine millions a year
k\ for maintenance only is
N\ worth looking into.
The Detroit times., 1915-05-28
7. PROBES
HANG|NGS

N WASHINGTON. May fiat Cen
al Villas request, the state depart
mt today took up the case OF the
Ne Mexicans under sentence 10 be
ocuted Friday In Arizona.
\ pillA represented that the quin-
<tte was not fairly tried.
|(1he department telegraphed TO
~ governor OF Arizona for informa-
IN and received a full report con-
'neu1ng each case. The governor
10 stated that the pardons board
Mt today.
LIN reply the department suggested
Nat the condemned mems sentences
)o CONNECTED TO life Imprisonment,
IT least their execution be post
ned TO give time for investiga.
The Detroit times., 1915-05-28

EpHoENIX. Ariz.. May 27.--Near
l)apse. Ave men doomed to hang
che state penitertiary. tomorrow.
nited today's meeting OF the par
- board with desperate hope
30v. Hunt. foe OF capital punish.
4nf. but powerless 20 intervene.
~ that II the hanging bee" is
= he never wants 10 see the
10 prison again.
The Detroit times., 1915-05-28
LADY BEES
VOTE HOME

~ NEW YORK. May 27.-(SpeciaD-
~ today's session OF the Woman s
)oueft association, Ladies OF the
Gnccabees OF the World, IL was de-
1ded TO erect a new $4,000 home
nee building In Port Huron. Mich.
I6ich has been the home OF the or
IT since its inception. This build
~ will be paid for from the increas
~ values OF the present property
n1dings of the society.
~ was also voted 10 change the
|lknme OF the society TO the womar's
)enefit Association OF the Macca-
+ ees. Mrs. Emma S. Odds, Of Elyria.
~ introduced a resolution In the in
<rest OF woman's suffrage, that the
novement he recommended TO the
900 women members as a me
um OF their self-expression towards
~ welfare OF the United States and
knada.
Miss Bina NJ. West. supreme com.
nndsr. refused an increase in sal.
~ to $4,000 year. stating that
- received her greatest remunera.
IN In working in behalf OF the as
oclation. The supreme review will
~ concluded tomorrow.
The Detroit times., 1915-05-28

unfair Go her she comes into court
with the protection OF this law and
IS not expected u be- deprived OF
that protection II / thought Tor one
moment that anyone ot these jurors
has been influenced by your cues
ton. 1 would dismiss the entire jury
40 oucv
Judge Murph, then asked each OF
the Jurors II the offensive question
would have auy effect upon bis de
libtratous Each responded IN the
negative.
Mrs chapman vas testiiyius in
The sun brought against The estate
OF her husband. William A., by Mrs.
Marsaret Mclean Mrs. Mclean
seeks $1,000 which she allrEes t. due
her for nursing Chapman during the
last TWO years OF his life. More than
one year ago. circuit court Jury
awarded her a verdict for the full
amount Judge Cross. before whom
the trial was held, ruled that the
amount was excessive lie cut the
Judgment 10 $500. siying the plaintiff
the alternative az new trial, II she
declined 10 accept this amount.
Mrs. chapman has filed suii
AGAINST Mrs Mclean. charging her
With alternating the affections ot hcr
hus band The alienation suit Was
NOT aled until Two years after the
death ot Nr Chapman.
The Detroit times., 1915-05-28
---a--
LAWYER IS
CENSURED
Grilled By Judge for
Asking Witness I'M
proper Question

Judse Alfred J Murphy severely
oeusurcd an attorney Thursday, and
threatened 90 discontinue trial
started two days ago, because the
lawyer asked Mrs. Florence Chap
man. Nho was on the witness stand.
IL she would waive her legal priyil.
eye OF Withholding trom evidence let.
rars which passed between her and
her husband
You have no rlsht 20 ask that
question announced 'ae court. in
loud tones The law gives women
OF this state the puvieS, ot Keeping
such communication 10 themselves.
and To ask this woman. before jury,
II she would waive that privilege l.