The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1915-03-04

Is. tho exporter and the owner OF the
vessel would pay the government a
premium. and II that vessel were
blown np by u mine. captured by
lrrniscrs and condemned by a prize
court. or sunk by cruiser. the gov.
tcrnmcn, would bay the value OF the
vessel 70 It's owners. and Of Its cargo
to the shippers. The passage of this
blu had the effect OF tremendously
reducing war risk rates.
shipping Gslll Fails.
incidentally, this congress spent a
krent deal OF timc trying TO pu, the
government IN the ship business, a
bill providing for government pur.
chase and operation Of ships passing
tie house Of representatives. but be-
Ing killed In the senate by one Of the
ncst spectacular fiiibustsrs ever con.
dncscd. involving three al night sss-
sIons. and breaking all records for
continuous talking by senators.
/ On this bill came the first real seri-
our break between tho democrats In
coasiess ana the White House. tho
rsported differences before sinking
Into insigniAcance ns compared with
u. This was the first time that by
breathing away from the White House
Ito holting senators were able to pre-
vent The administration from putting
through measure stamped with the
White House approval.
interest In the early days OF the
neal session will be keen M 10
whether tho democrats IN the senate
pm together again as they did before
this break.
Isca;atsy 1911.
A bill OF tremendous Importance
10 the merchant marine OF this coun-
TRY was another Of the group passed
heeauke Of the emergencies arising
out nf the European war. This was
the ,hip registry bill. which admitted
IL American registry, or gave the
right TO fiy the American Tag. foreign
built ships which were owned or
hhonid be acquired by American cit-
ixcns or corporations.
Hitherto only American built ships
we're permitted TO ny the American
nag. corporations. such AS the Steel
company and the United Fruit flying
under foreign fiass because OF the
lcheapness Of bulldlng steamers
abroad and the cheapuess Of operat-
/ Ing under foreign laws. Duo 10 the
danger Of capture BY bcliiGerents. IL
was desired to obtain the protection
Of a neutral hag for vessels which car
ry American products abroad.
Fight on Tolls.
One OF the most bitter contests dur
Ing the congress was on the bill to
repeal tho exemption to American
toastwise ships from the payment of
tolls through tho Panama canal.
From the beginning II had been In
tended that American ships In the
foreign trade should pay the same
tolls ~ paid BY the foreign ships with
which they came into competition. but
In the Panama canal act had been n
tludsd a provision exempting Amer
lean coastwise ships.
This the administration decided to
repeal. on the ground nrst that Il was
economically subsidy to the coast
wIse shipping. which was already pro-
teeted from foreign competition. and
second. that such nm exemption was a
violation OF the ay-Pauncefote treaty
with England.
After an exciting light, In which
Speaker Champ Clark and Floor
Leader Underwood In the house. and
such senators M O'GormAn. Walsh.
RAnsdell and MARITIME In the senate, /,
opposed the presidcnt. the bill was
put through.
Aid 10 Travellers.
Another emergency proposition
caused by the European war was the
necessity Of doing something for the
tens Of thousands OF Americans
stranded In Europe BY hostilities.
Their paper money. and travelers'
checks made worthless by the sudden
demand for gold, and with many lines
OF ships held in ports because OF the
fear OF capture. their situation was
desperate. Congress passed twd ap-
propriation bills to aid In bringing
home those unfortunate people
International Dealings.
"A number Of problems were forced
on this congress also by tho Mexican
troubles. In connection with the
landing Of marines at Vera Crus. fol-
lowing the insult 70 the nag incident.