davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-05
Cossack. cured, ready to return to front.
Below-Wounded from Przenysl and nurse.

ing an altar on the grand staircase
half way between the second and third
floors. where the wards were. All the
men who were able came or were
wheeled to the stairway to Join In.
And such fine voices as they had-the
singing was wonderful.
The larger proportion Of our pa
tents were orthodox. We had some
Roman Catholics and they could have
their priests whenever they wanted
them. Also we had a number OF Jews,
and although w had no regular SER
vices for them except at h Passover
season. they could always nave their
rabbis come and could celebrate all
their fast and feast days with the
proper food-unleavened bread and all.
MANY different tribes were repre-
scented by our patients; Little Rus
slams, High Russians, Tatars, Sibe-
rians, Cossacks and other people OF
the Caucasus. Their appreciation of
what We did for them may have been
somewhat selfish, but II Vas one the
less tremendous. They all seemed to
consider themselves very fortunate at
being in the hospital at Kiev.
"One Of our badly wounded men
wished, as soon as he began TO get
better, to study English. A nurse got
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-05

we managed without a common Ian
guaee. The patient replied that We
didn't need to know Russian nor they
English, because we did everything
possible for the wounded. so they had
nothing to ask for.
The Russians are a tremendously
religious people; they V forget the
observances OF their faith. For in
stance, no n Of them would ever
think Of eating before rising, facing
the ikon and blessing himself. After
finishing his meal he repeats the cere-
mony. We had an ikon-that is. as
you probably know. a fiat picture In
oils or mosaic of the Christ or the
Holy Family. the Russians do not be-
lieve in craven images-in every
room. even in the operating rooms and
pantries. Before the hospital was
opened the priests OF the Russian State
ChurCh-the Greek Orthodox-came
out and blessed all the rooms. We
put the ikons in a corner opposite the
door and every man who was able al
ways stood up or sat up in bed, or If
lie couldn't do that, turned his face in
their direction and blessed himself he
fore and after his meal.
ION every saints day the priests
came out and held services, improvis-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-05

warlike arrogance and ambitions. The
experience of war induces a warlike
frame of mind; and the pursuit Of war,
being an exercise in the following OF
ones leader and execution of arbi-
trary orders, induces an anlmus OF en-
thusiastic subservience and unques-
tioning obedience TO authority.
Imperial Germany does not depart
sensibly from the pattern of Prussia
under Frederick the Great in respect
of its national policies or the aim and
methods OF Government control The
difference touches mainly the machin-
cry OF politics and administration and
is mainly of such a character as is die
tated by an endcavor to turn the re-
suits of modern industry and COM
merce to account for the purposes that
once seemed good to the ~pragmatists
of that earlier era,
This modern state OF the industrial
arts that has led to the rehabilitation
of a dynastic state in Germany on a
scale exceeding what had been prac-
ticab.e in earlier times-this techno-
logical advance-waS not made in Ger
I many, but was borrowed, directly or
Az Al' S'A'llAl NlilbNN' ll'lil Alt TsH6-
lish speaking peoples primarily, and
in the last resort almost wholly from
England. British use and wont in
other than chronological respect was
not taken over by the German COM
munity at the same time.
The result is that Germany offers
what is 10y contrast with England an
anomaly; it shows the working of the
modern state of the industrial arts rs
worked out by the English. hut with
out the characteristic range of instti-
tutiors and convictions that have
grown up among English speaking
peoples Concomitantly with the growth
Of this modern state of the industrial
arts. The German people have been
enabled to take up the archaeological
heritage OF the English without hay
ing paid for il in the habits of thought.
tGe use and Won't induced in the Eng
lish community by the experience in
vowed in achieving it. Modern tech
nology has come To the Germans ready
made, without the cultural conse-
quences which it's gradual development
and continued use has entailed among
the people whose experience initiated
1t and determined the course of its de-
velopment.
Wherein the case Of Germany falls
short OF the measure Of experience
and cultural maturity that has come
to the English speaking peoples is
best To- he seen in contrast with the
case of the English people through this
period Of chronological growth. TIL,
racial derivation of the two peoples IL
the same, and their cultural ante,
~'edents are identics} through antiquity
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-05

him n Russian English grammar and
he pored over II for hours at a time.
When he grew well enough to be up
and about he was eager TO do every
thing he could to help us, but he
wished to be told everything in Eng
lish. Not a word of Russian would
he willingly listen to from an Ameri-
can nurse. When we asked him to do
something for us he always rushed
right Off to do II and was quite an
noyed INC impatient IL we called him
back to listen to any explanations.
Yes. yes, sister, I understand very
we'll he would say. and the funny
Trims about 1t was h a he always did
just the right thing.
"One day he was too busy even to
have his temperature taken-he usu-
allv ran about at his self-imposed
tasks with the thermometer in his
mouth at that time. But on this day
he couldn't lie troubled. The nurse
insisted. so he took II with rather bad
grace. Instead of putting II into his
mouth. however, he stuck II into a
cup of hot tea and almost Immediately
returned II TO the nurse. She was
Mortified when she read it-lOS de-
grees,
"our visiting hour was from l to
every afternoon. and the friends and
relatives OF the patients poured In 70
see them. Strangers. too, came, eager
TO do something to cheer their heroes
MANY Of the soldiers came from the
peasant classes and their friends who
arrived In native costume were most
picturesque. They often came great
distances IN rough. springless carts
The mothers always brought enormous
families Of children with :hem. and
when they had come so ar that they
could not possibly get back that day
we always managed 10 put them VI
for the night. Women of the village
came in frequently, whether they
knew any of the wounded or not. and
they used to bring their monographs
and records with them to entertain
the men.
The townspeople were very kind to
us nurses and very thoughtful Of us
Like all the other Russians with whom
we came in contact. they had the atti-
tude of being our hosts. They otter
invited us to tea or dinner, and as WI
tried to follow our American schedul,
Of duty and recreation time we coult
accept many OF their kindly invita-
tons, thus getting many interesting
glimpses of their home life. In the
streets the children were frankly II
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-05
Improvising Polytechnic Institute at
Kiev Into 400 Bed Hospital Re.
CURED Hard Work, Even Scrubbing

rious and flocked about us whenever
we went out. They were friendly lit
tie souls and we soon got acquainted.
1t just goes to prove that a childs a
child the world over-the only differ
ence il in their clothes. The news
iooys were just exactly like our oNn
little newsies. They were very quick
to recognize us and rush up. shout
ing A~merikdnisko Telegram whenever
we appeared.
The way the women Of the upper
classes are coming forward to help in
Russia il wonderful, particularly the
hitherto downtrodden Jewish people.
l asked one wealthy Jewish woman
who was giving lavishly of her money
and time and strength why she did So
much. Why, | don't know she re-
piled in "A surprised tone. i suppose it
is because | love my country and
want to do everything l possibly can
to help
Jewish women are now given the
same privileges as those of the Greek
orthodox faith. They are allowed 10
practise law and medicine and they
are giving their services generously in
this time OF their Country's need. We
had a Russian woman dentist with us
at our hospital-dentistry seems quite
a popular profession with those women,
Also they are branching out into all
the sciences. They are certainly get
ting their innings at professions now.
Russian women are great llnguists.
too. The five nurses who Joined us
each spoke English, French and Ger
man fuently.
our patients were very much inter
ested in the Illustrated supplements OF
the American Sunday papers we re-
ccived, particularly when they con-
tanned pictures of our soldiers. They
were delighted with the photographs
printed Of Gov. Whitman's Inaugural.
ton and his uniformed body guard
! have sent them the pictorial supple
ments showing the men in our sum-
mer training camps and ! know they
Will he delighted to get them. re-
member one day | vas showing a Cos
sack. "A very digmied, rather unap.
proachable person. some pictures OF
b American soldiers. lie wanted to know
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-05

, movement for German union, which
came to a successful issue in the
eventual formation of the empire,
owed its beginning and its earlier
success to the economic needs of the
German countries: or 1t may be said
to have been provoked by the griev-
Gus burden of artificial evils created
by the governments of the small
estates among which the country was
divided"
Therefore the author points out
the place and relation OF Germany
- the industrial development OF
Germ Europe in entirety.
When the current era In the life
history of the German peop.e began
in the second quarter Of the nine
teenth century Germany was far in
arrears as compared with its neigh
bors to the west, particularly. as on
trasted with the British. Those
genial respects in which the civilizd-
ton characteristic OF Germany eX-
celled-in which, indeed, Germany
triumphed-wtre not in the line Of
efficiency that counted materially
toward fitness for life under the
scheme of things then taking shape
in Europe.
Germany was in arrears in the in
dustrial arts and in its political in
stitutions, as well as in such features
Of its civil and domestic life as come
intimately in correlation with these
fundamental agencies In the scheme OF
institutions. This is The visible diff
ference between the ease of the Ger
man and of the British peoples at the
time. In industrial matters Germany
was still at the handicraft stage, with
all that is implied in that description
in the way of industrial impedimenta
and meticulous Standardization of
%tritics.
Measured by the rate Of progress
sion that had brought the English
community to the point where II then
stood, the German industrial system
was some two and "a hair or three cen
turles in arrcars-somewhere in Eliz-
abethan times. Its political system was
even more archaic; and use and wont
which governed social relations in de-
tail was Of a character such az this
economic and political condition would
necessarily foster. Politically Ger
many was still organized on the pat
tern of the Territorial State'-a Pc
cullarly petty and peculiarly irrespon-
sible ~autocracy.
There Is no intention here To praise
or blame this spirit OF subordinatior
that underiles So much of German cul,
ture and German achievement. 1t il
one Of the larger factors that hav,
gone to the creation OF the modern
era in that country, II happens tina
this surviving feudalistic animus Of
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-05
ERMANYS ECONOMIC ADVANCE AS COMPARED WITH THAT OF ENGLA

their gentility and in its cost per unit.
This cost comes out of the margin of
production. and reduces the net mar
Kin 10y that much.
sports have been a very suhstan-
t.ai our in this gradually matur-
Ing British scheme of conspicuous
waste. And sports have the advan-
tag" that they afford a politely blame
'oss outlet for energies that might
otherwise not readily be diverted from
some useful end.
"In further illustration. mention may
he made of the wasteful consumption
incumbent by usage on the wealthy
British in the matter of ~habitations
and domestic establishments. A gem
tlcman Of appreciable wealth should
have more than one habitation, resi-
dcnce; in general terms. he should
have as many and as large as ne can
AFFORD To keep up,
This conventionally rdized
waste at the hands of the conven
~tional!y accredited MASTERS is a sum
GENTLY consequential handicap in It.
self, but the indirect consequences OF
II, in the direction il has given "a
popular taste and the spread OF like
uSages by imitation. are doubtless OF
Eraver consequence"
Carrying his comparisons back To
the German peoples, to the formation
of imperial Germany with Prussia as
the dominant factor, the author points
out:
with due qualification it will hold
that in the reflections OF the British
citizen the United KINGDOM is con
Ceived as a commonwealth while In
the SpoCulatiOns of the German lPrus'
Sian) subject the fathCrland Is a
state Plainly, government by con.
sent of the governed is not a state
The sovereignty is not in the people
hut 1t is in the state.
Failure to understand this conun,
drum is perhaps, in the apprehension
Of intelligent Germans. the most de
trstablc trait of unreason that faint,
the English speaking peoples, Tn,
German ideal of craftsmanship Is L
make all the of the nation
converge on military strength, JUS
rs the English ideal is, per contra, I,
keep the military power down TO III,
Indispensable minimum required &c
keep the peace,
ANY growth of popular sentiment
inimical to imperialism and coercion
has been carefully pruned back ant
ropresscd by drastic exercise OF tn,
police power and n free our tC
judicial ~eNcessos, The cducationa
equipment, schools of all grades AM
kinds, as well as h periodical press
has been censored, subsidized, coerced
to carry through ar unremitting
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-05

Alexander H.. for we had to clean
the place very thoroughly. We took
SOAP and water and fell 10 ourselves
in dead earnest. How those Russians
with us did stare at our exhibition Of
good American scrubbing! Suddenly
1t was discovered that no bureaus or
wardrobes had been provided for the
American nurses. The Russians. who
treated us always az distinguished and
honored guests. were distressed. They
wondered what they could do. The
American nurses must have a place to
put their clothes. We had already
made up for that omission by i'm
provising bureaus and wash Stands
out Of the packing cases in which we
had br- ught. II American supplies.
Then we went down own and bought
Chintz for overs. So we assured our
Russian friends, who always he'd the
attitude Of hosts toward us, that We had
everything t3at We needed and showed
them what we had done. Again they
were aStonished. Yankee ingenuity
pr we'd an eye opener to them.
so we improv.s ed our military base
hospital at klev and on the evening
Of December > received our first pa
tents, fifty in all. More followed
promptly, and 1t was not long before
cur 400 beds were fil.ed-and they
were kept filed al. the time. AS soon
a. one man left another o his place.
After a tine the wounded men who
were brought in told us that they
had heard OF our hospital at the front
and that they had begged to be
brought to 1t.
Two or three times We had the
young SOM of soldiers brought US to
care for. one small boy who had been
sh-I accidentally while playing with
his fathers gun YVES sent a d stance
OF 100 versts to us TO have the bullet
removed. We seemed always to have
a youngster, a soldiers son, with us.
our patients were most interesting,
and although we did not know their
language nor they ours We managed
to get along very well. We learned
n number OF Russian words and used
them without any thought OF gram
NAUTICAL construction. and we really
got on better without interpreters
than with them. as a rule. One OF
patients. n very well educated man
from Moscow. ted us one day of a
conversation he had had with a Rus
sian General who came out with his
wife to inspect the hospital. The Cen
era, asked him how he liked the hos
pital and how he got on with the
American nurses; he wondered how
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-05
Greeted by Dowager Empress onLand-
ing, Every Courtesy Was Shown,
Says Member Just Home

reason that they do not seem So COM
radely Is that they have no athletic
interests. no outlet of that sort for
their energies. They go in more for
the fine arts. for scdentary pursuits.
However. they seem to me to be a very
substantial people.
AN the people whom we met were
delightfully."- cord al to u and seemed
raOst up~prec.ativc of our coming. We
went first 70 ~petrograd. but the hos
pital that we established was at Kiev
in a very beautiful building. the Poly
tcChnic Institute % Alexander H..
built on the top OF a hill and sur
rounded by beautiful grounds. one
wing of this was given up to us, and
here within three weeks of our arrival
VIC had improvised a hospital of 400
beds.
At ~petrograd. where we landed, we
were received and welcomed cry
cordially by the Dowager Empress in
her W home. She is at the head
of the whoe Russian Red Cross. WI .ch
is quite a remarkable institution. 1t
has an enormous membership and IA
wonderful organization there at Petro-
grad. where It's headquarters and
supply house are. But in spite Of
its hugeness 1t was not nearly large
enough to cope with this present war.
Five Russian nurses accompanied us
when we started for KEY.
90 had brought all our surgical
anC medical supplies with us from
America and they filled five freight cars
on the troop train OF nineteen cars
which took us To the post. The equip
ment for a 400 bed hospital which we
got from that Red Cross supply house
IN Petrocrad filled ten more cirs-it
seemed wonderful that 1t could be con-
densed into that space. Two coaches
were reserved for us nurses and the
doctors with us, n two more for the
san.tars, WHO correspond to orderlies
in our hospitals here. They were SOL
d!ers who for some reason were I'M
able to go to the front and so were
detailed t help us. So our nineteen
car train was quite compete to es-
tiblish our hospital,
1T took some time to improvise
1t in that Polytechnic Institute OF
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-05
r WENT there with the idea that
/ might he clappcd into prison

EN- t1eTc WITH inc lued tHdt
might he clappcd into prison
II I spoke; I left feeling very
much at home in that land and gem
timely sorry to go away"
One of the first contingent of Rcd
Cross nurses to be sem from these
United States to Russia soon after the
beginning of the war IA year ago IL
the speaker. She has but recently re-
turned to her New York home and
has come back hrimful of enthusiasm
for Russia and Rus.!a's people.
81 am going back there again surely
when the war is ever" she insists, Il
wish ! could 20 back now
She leaned back in an easy chair In
one of the sitting rooms in Osborne
Hall. did this pretty young American
u e, ami told of her experiences and
impressions.
THE Russian people are not so
very unlike Americans in many
ways" she began. For one thing,
they have Il tremendous sense of
humor: that is one of the character
istics that impre sed me first and most
forcibly. ] noticed 1t in all classes
from the lowest to the highest. They
seemed 10 me such IA genial, extremely
happy folk. emotional. II is true, bat
not at all morose or melancholy. They
are the most genuinely natural people
I have ever met. They lack American
initiative. however, also our sense OF
hustle and haste; they haven't the
faintest idea OF how 10 put things
through in . hurry.
Russian gentlemen are very Ike
we'll bred American men; there's very
little difference noticeable between
them except in the matter of language.
Sometimes they seem rather more
polished. have more fi~atteringly defer
entail nne as one meets them, but
they are less comradely, In spite OF
their courteous ways Russian men
do not wait upon women as American
men do; II would never oecur TO them 10
do so many little thoughtful things to
save our footsteps as our W men
do so naturally. Perhaps one great
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-09-05

all sorts OF things about their eouIn.
ment. Unfortunately | didn't know
much about that subject, but | told
him what | could, then | added. a b.,
wickedly, | confess. that one Amer.
can soldier could dispose OF any nun.
Der of Cossacks.
"'No, no., sister he assured me ear.
erly, with a CLEAN Of humor in hs
w eyes also, no. indeed, ono Cossars
could use up all the Americans IN
sight, not leave m of them They
called us all sister or usually SIS.
tritsa.' a more endearing term.
81 was somew what surprised 70 find
that the individual Russian fools No.
hatred toward the Individual Gcrma-,
but still he fights like mac for b.,
country. That country, however
exacts a fine of 5000 rubles OF any on.
heard speaking German.
There is a remarkable unity among
the Russians, high and low, Il seemed
to me. That spirit appeared all the
more wonderful I o us, as their vast
army is made up so largely Of pea.
ants, who have had so few, II any.
advantages Of education II scene.
strange, too, that those Russians WHO
have always lived in an imper!a.!sl,
country should love II so and fight :
desperately for It. Their patriotism !s
splendid.
I'VE stayed somewhat longer thar
u six months term OF enlistmelt az
We waited for relief to come. Then
the Government. which had been NOS,
appreciative of our efforts. gave ID.
free transportation across Siberia.
That trip was a revelation To Us. ne
country was not the barren desert ~.
had expected, but a green and a'.rt.
tive land. There were even som. .I,-.
cities there, to Il surprise. The '~p
was quite delightful and RUSSIA '.l..
are the m comfortable | nqy, eyer
been in.
we nurses all felt VERY s.r vs..
that those who have given uu.., .
the Red Cross have spent 70 H'
American work and American u OBJ
DDS are certainly most usefu, H.' H.,.
heartily appreciated in Russia. t.'
does seem a great pity thai ..'.'.r
u now he recalled for Del '
funds"