davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-05-07
BY ALICE ROBE.

(gtaG Correspondent United Press.)
ROME. May 7.--Italy has been
warned OF the consequences Of en-.
tering the war on the side OF the
allies. Telcgraphins from Berlin. to
which he had returned after an In.
spection of both battle fronts. the
kaiser notified Prince Won Buelow
that the English troops In the west
are useless and that within n fort
night the Russians will be driven
out OF Galicia. Italy was warned.
under direct instructions from the
kaiser. that Austria's cause Is Ger.
many's. and that Austria's enemies
must be Germany's. Because OF this.
should Italy come into the war she
win be opposed by great German
army.
The italian government continues
It's war preparations. The army 10
concentrated at strategic points.
The feet Is ready for action and
the first thing to be done after war
n declared will be the gazetting OF
the duke OF the Abruzzi as com.
mander-in chief OF the royal feet.
The government has issued a royal
decree authorizing the suspension
Of telegraph and telephone service
without notice. VI
Premier Salandra and Prince Won
Buelow were in almost constant con.
ference yesterday. The German am.
bassador is trying TO persuade Italy
10 remain neutral. but II is admitted
that he considers the attempt a very
serious one. The cabinet met again
today. II was announced that the
question under consideration was
the parliamentary program. but this
statement was not taken seriously.
By orders OF the German embassy.
the principal German schools. the
German library and other German
institutions. heretofore open to the
public. have now been closed.
The government has sent sharp
note TO Turkey questioning the
truth of the report that Turkish
oficers now command the rebels In
Tripoli.
Advices from the frsntier show
that Austria IL continuing all OF her
war preparations at top speed. All
passenger service was held up last
night owing 10 the taking over OF
tho frontier railway lines for the
transfer OF war munitions. Enor-
nous guns OF the latest Austrian
type have been mounted az the vari.
ous points where an Italian inva-
sion Is possible and the troops now
on the border are declared TO be
first line Hungarian soldiers and
FIRST line Germans. -
All OF the correspondents OF the
Austrian and German newspapers
have sent their families home. II
70 said that the reason the Aus
trian and German members OF re-
iisious orders and ecclesiastical
Students departed Wednesday night
was because OF a suggestion from
the vatican. II was felt that their
presence In Rome at this time would
be real menace.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-05-07
I. R. STILL
POUNDS AT
PRINTING
Attorneys Dogge e dy
Pursue Evidence of
Grating
MANY RECORDS
AXE INTRODUCED
Defense Will be Unable
to Rest Case Before
Monday.
~ BOND p. oeooEs

(Sfdf Correspondent United Press.)
SYRACUSE N. Y. May Like
mass play on q football gridiron.
grinding. showing and ploughing
through legal obstacles. the defense
In the Barnes-Roosevelt libel suit to-
day resumed q steady march toward
their goal Of proving that Barnes
personally profted from the Albany
printing graft"
As the third week OF the trial
drew to q close. Roosevelt's attor-
nays doubted II they could rest their
case before Monday.
Justice Andrews planned to ad-
journ court this afternoon until Mon
day. Many Of Barnes witnesses who
have arrived here were excused un.
I'll next week. II was certain that
the Barnes side would not be pre-
sented before the beginning Of the
fourth week OF the trial.
Rooseveit's attorneys today plung.
Cd anew into stacks Of books and
records Of Barnes and other Albany
printing establishments. completing
the chain Of technical legal proof In
the printing matters.
Unexpected appearance OF Gilbert
G. Bishop. former cashier OF Barnes
newspaper. under a Roosevelt sub
poena, furnished a surprise today to
the Barnes side and made easier the
proof required OF Barnes books He
has been missing since 1913, and is
the only living man who bad Barnes
books in charge. the only person
able TO prove the entries made. That
the plaintiff would strenuously en-.
doavor TO impeach Bishop was re-
ported today.
Henry j. Holm, printing expert.
OF Columbia university, was called
today to prove that prices charged
for state. Albany county and city
printing were extravagantly high.
Barnes counsel declared today
that they would move TO strike out
most II not all printing testimony.
Both sides prepared motions TO
submit upon conclusion OF the Roose-
welt testimony. The Barnes side
may ask that the Judge direct a YER
dict for the plaintiff. without taking
any barnes testimony, but leaving
the Jury TO assess damages.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-05-07
Diplomats See
Trouble for Japan

WASHINGTON, Nay z-Diplo-
mats and others who ays familiar
with Gar eastern conditions were On
the lookout here today for three dis
tinct new developments In the jap
anese-Chinsse situation. These
were:
Revolutionary activity In China
An unofDcial Chinese boycott Of
everything Japanese.
Manifestations Of disapproval by
the Japanese masses Of . govern
mental war policy.
II was pointed out that .Yuan shi
Kai became president Of China,
practically by force; that he n b.
terly hated by the republtcan' slS
ment: that there has been hardly .
time throughout his entire regime
that some part OF the country has
not been IN arms against him. and
that the moment seems opportuns
for his enemies to Join forces
against him, on the ground thst the
has sold out" to Japan. Of which
he has been openly accused, though.
of course, the charge has not been
proved.
The boycott, Il was recalled. has
long been q favorite and most effec-
tive Chinese weapon. An instance
was cited OF but few years ago.
when. the japanese being SUSPECTED
OF aggressive designs. the han
against their goods was 90 rigidly
observed that the utmost tact had
10 be shown In reassuring the people
70 save Japan's Chinese trade from
complete ruin.
That the rank and file of'the jap
anese strongly oppose war. Il was
asserted recent demonstration
against Increased armament en-.
pendltures showed conslusively. The
net result OF the last election was
not accepted as very conclusive.
since the franchise was said 10 be
too limited TO make the result sie
niicant OF the majority's wish. A.
tention was called 20 the fact that
the public's attitude was spoken Of
as apathetic and many predictions
we're made that indications OF .
start on an extensive campaign
would be the sign for formidable
opposition.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-05-07
PEDDLER KILLS
MOTHER AND BABE
WITH HAMMER

CHICAGO, May IA nomad
salesman, one OF the thousands Of
peddlers who infect Chioago's back
doors, pounded Mrs. Ella Copper.
smith and her two-year-old son,
John. TO death with q hammer. &C.
cording to the theory OF the police
today. The police believe the man
was mentally unbalanced They
cannot account for tho brutality Of
the attack otherwise. An autopsy
TO be performed this afternoon win
show whether both robbery and
criminal assault were the motive OF
the slayer.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-05-07

case OF nerves" than her 7s-year-
old mother.
The defense will attempt to com
plete its case before adjournment
tonight. Besides Mrs. Carman. her
husband and several minor wit.
nesses are to testify. The state thus
far has only one witness TO testify
(Contfsued on Page Tws.l
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-05-07
English Troops Use
less, Berlin Tells
Rome Officials
SOON TO RETAKE
GALICIA, CLAIM
Government, However,
Continues Its War
Preparations

ROME. May THE rail.
way administration has an
nounced the suspension of 40
passenger trains on the main
lines.
While no information Is
forthcoming II Is understood
this action was taken to IA
ciItate the movement of
troops and munitions Of war
10 the concentration bases.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-05-07
WHEAT

CHICAGO. May 7.-openinE -
wheat May. down le: July. down
NC; September. down NC. Corn; May,
down Ae Oats; May. up NC; July.
down Hc: September. up &c. Pro-
visions; Slightly lower
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-05-07

A London resident prepared for an
attack from aircraft by filling in his
roof. which IL fat. with sand. with
the result that tho roof sagged and
the ceilings fell In.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-05-07

Joseph Lsf-s. o. yvsrs eiA. s.s wsQ
man Archie King. at 4 o'clock rd-
day morning. as fugitive from
justice. Police say he n waited -
Ohio on = burglary sAar1a
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-05-07
CHINA YIELDS JAP DEMANDS:
WAR AVERTED, LONDON HEARS
Only Details Now Remain to
Be Worked Out, Says
Special Dispatch
From Pekin

LONDON, May special dispatches from Psl1n say
that China has yielded to practically all Of the Japanese
mands and that only details remain to be worked out Ths
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-05-07

II IA estimated that Teo.ooo.ooo. 900
cubic feet OF Illuminating gas are
turned IN the world annually.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-05-07

Meet me NJ the Cascades. Hotel
Tuiier--Lunch. Dinner. Thestcr.--Ad.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-05-07
TODAY'S GAMES
American.

Boston at New York. clear.
Washington At Philadelphia. clear
Chicago at Cleveland. cloudy.
Detroit at st. Louis, cloudy.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-05-07

roe 's s.s e's' s:s. ~: s.s. is: .':s :ss0xd,. d.'
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-05-07

vssssss i-s..s ), 6'is:..ss. -: ;ii:::s.-rr.;2ss r;ss
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-05-07

pet.c.s rs-ss Jes rvs.sins Devt>-.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1915-05-07
National.

Philadelphia at Brooklyn. clear.
New York at Boston. clear.
st. Louis at Pittsburgh. rain.
Cincinnati at Chicago, cloudy.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-05-20
LOCAL MAN IS INTERESTED
Dir. f. II. Carson Has Stock i'm Spark
Plug Concern.

LAPORTE. Ind, May 2O.-An-
nouncement was made here Wednes-
day that DR.. F. r. Carson Of South
Bend had become interested with w.
w Warren Of Chicago and L. +.
Weir and II. NJ. Fetters OF this city
IN the extensive manufacture OF
spark plugs for motor cars. The de-
vice 20 be manufactured is a new in
vention. the discovery Of II. NJ Fet-
ters Material has been purchased
for the making Of Is. 900 plugs and
il is the plan OF the new corporation
to extensively engage in manufacture
mig.
The alloy used in making the spark
plug points resembles platinum in its
Wilderness and possesses many of the
advantages on that metal at a very
much lower cost.
Extensive experiments have been
made with the new metal and the
new plug in cars in Laporte and else
where. The plug is said TO give a
spark so much larger "fatter" in the
nernacular Of the autoist, that more
power results and ignition troubles
that were present in some cars have
been entirely done away with
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-05-20
Late News from
Surrounding Towns
BERRIEN SPRINGS, MICH.

Dr. W. T.. Billiard was a visitor al
the home Of his daughter, Mrs. Ed
NanderhOot, IN Watervliet, Sunday and
Monday.
Miss Lana Lord of Niles visited with
friends here the first of the week.
Pearl Burgoyne was q business Wis
itor in Buchanan and Dayton Satur-
day.
William F. Lyon was a business Wis
itor in South Bend Tuesday.
Mrs. Pearl Snyder of Ann Arbor
came Tuesday for a few days visit
with friends and relatives.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. Cook of Chicago
home. Mr.. Cook is superintendent OF
one of the Methodist Sunday schools
in Chicago and gave a short talk al
local NJ. K. school Sunday.
George ID. Taylor returned Thurs
day from a short visit with his sister
Miss Lille Taylor. in Benton Harbor
Rev. and Mrs. IL. A Carr were the
guests at the j. l.. Perkins home in
the country, Tuesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. George Minister OF
Three Rivers were business visitors
here Tuesday.
II. l.. Stryker Of South Bend is Wis
iting relatives here.
John Michael of Eau Claire visited
his son. Eugene Michael, at Noe
Range Tuesday.
Glenn Willis, with his little daugh-
ter, Leila, of Tallman. is visiting al
the home of his brother, Alvin Willis
Charles Myers of MapletOn, Minn-
is visiting friends here this week.
Mrs. Arthur Johnson of Fort Nor
gan, Col, is a visitor at che home OF
her uncle, J. c. Hoopingarner. Mrs
Johnson was formerly Miss Mary
HOopingarner and often visited rela-
tives here.
Mrs. Donald Wetzel died at Mercy
hospital in Benton HarbOr Tuesday
where she had been for treatment.
Mrs John Ingleright and Mrs. Lyle
PenncI were South Bend visitors or
Tuesday.
Mrs. Henry Kephart was a guest al
Noel Range Tuesday and in the morn
ing enjoyed an automobile ride &c
Niles
A band was organized at Arden or
Friday night with twenty members
and with Alvin Willis as director. Re-
hearsals will be held Friday nights
Officers are: Will bureau, president
George Meyer, vice president; Roy
Brunke, secretary; Emerson Metzger
treasurer.
The Memorial day sermon Will be
given at the town hall Sunday morn
ing, May 23, at 1890 by Rev. l.. II
Pettitt 1t will be a union service.
Alvin Willis was in st. Joseph or
Tuesday evenin~ to assist in a concert
given oy the st. Joseph band.
Mr.. and Mrs. ]. i. Gillespie are en-
Pertaining their little ~randsOn, James
Hagerty of South Bend.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-05-20
NILES, MICH.

c. A. May, who has been with the
Frazier and Frazier garage in South
Bend. and his brother, Frank have
taken the Wood garage in this city.
c.. A. May is already in charge of the
garage and his brother who is special
trouble man for the Studebaker
company Will come to Niles as soon
as possible.
Alfred Whitaker of Big Rapids has
purchased the interest of Elmer :.
Decker. proprietor Of the FOrler hotel
in this city, and assumed charge
Wednesday. The hotel is located on
High st. Mr. Decker, who has been
in the hotel business here for about
three years, will engage in other
business after a vacation which will
be spent in Indiana and different
points in Michigan.
Mr. and Mrs. Frank Anderson went
to Chicago Wednesday where Mr.. An
derson will submit TO an operation
at InglewoOd hospital.
Clarence Hemminger and Miss
Irene Hawkins were married Sunday
at the brides home in Benton Har-
Dor. They have come TO Niles 60 re-
side on a farm with the groom's
mother Mr.. Hemminger is a well
known young farmer and his bride
has been the guest of honor at a
number of social functions in Benton
HarbOr since her engagement was
announced.
The body Of Claude Smith was
taken to Union. Mich, Tuesday for
funeral services and burial. A large
number of relatives accompanied the
body.
Miss Eliza Burke, residing north Of
Niles, is seriously i'll. A trained
nurse from South Bend will be in
charge.
Congressman r. L. Hamilton Of
Niles will give the Memorial day ad-
dress at Dowagiac on Monday, May
81.
Mrs Ada Ingles of Boulder. Colo,
is a guest of her sister. Mrs c. @.
Tappan.
Mrs. r. d. Norris went to Flint
wednesday to attend the 10th bien-
NAL convention OF Honor lodge as a
delegate from Esther lodge OF Niles.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-05-20
CUT THIS OUT
OLD ENGLISH RECIPE FOR CA
TARRHAL DEAFNESS AND
HEAD NOISES.

If YOU know someone who is trOu-
bled with head noises. or Catarrhal
Deafness, cut out this formula, and
hand II TO them, and you viii have
been the means of saving some poor
sufferer perhaps from total deafness.
Recent experiments have proved con-
Clusively that Catarrhal Deafness.
head noises. etc, were the direct
cause OF constitutional disease, and
that salves. sprays, inhalers, etc,
merely temporize with the complaint
and seldom If ever, effect perma-
nent cure. This being so, much time
and money has been spent of late by
a noted specialist In perfecting pure,
gentle vet effective tonic that would
quickly dispel all traces of the ca
tarrhal poison from the system. The
effective prescription which was
eventually formulated. and which has
aroused the belief that deafness Will
soon be extinct. is given below in I'M
derstandable form, SO that anyone can
treat themselves in thor own home
at little expense.
Secure from your druggist / OF.
Parmint double Strength, about
75c worth. Take this home and add
10 IL IA pint OF hot water and OF.
OF granulated sugar; stir until dis
solved. Take one tablespoonful four
times a day.
The first dose should begin 10 re-
leve the distressing head noises.
headache dullness, cloudy thinking.
ETC. while the hearing rapidly returns
as the system is invigorated by the
tonic action OF the treatment. Loss
of smell and mucus dropping in the
back OF the throat. are other symp-
toms that show the presence OF ca
tarrhal poison. and which are often
entirely overcome by this efficaci Gus
treatment Nearly ninety per cent. OF
All ear troubles are directly caused by
csttarrh. therefore, there must be
many people whose hearing can be
restored by this simple home treat
meut.
Every person who is troubled with
mead noises. catarrhal deafness or ca
tarrh IN any form. should give this
prescription "A trial There is nothing
better.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-05-20
RAILROAD STARTS FIGHT
AGAINST BILL IN COURT
Grand Rapids Judge TO Preside over
Test Case-Attempt Co Prove I'm
cOnstitutiOnality OF Rate Act.

GRAND RAPIDS. May 2O.--A case.
the outcome Of which may decide
the constituuonality OF the two-cent
passenger rate law, will open in
United States district court before
Judges Denison and Knappen Of the
United States circuit court. and Judge
Sessions Of the district court tomor-
row morning. The case is suit for
preliminary injunction 10 refrain the
state of Michigan from enforcing the
two-cent rate law against the Ann
Arbor railroad company which al
leges that that enactment Is conhsca-
tory. and therefore unconstitutional
The hearing has been transi erred
from the eastern district OF Michigan
federal court by Judge futile on the
grounds that he was disqualified TO
hear the suit practically being al the
head Of the Pere Marquette railroad
which will institute similar proceed
ings in the local court May p.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-05-20
PLEASANT VALLEY, IND.

Mr.. and Mrs. Fred Beehler were
guests of Mr.. and Mrs Herman Zim-
merly Sunday evening.
Mr. and Mrs. r. c. Smith and chill
dren visited Mr.. and Mrs Philip Smith
OF South Bend Sunday.
Mr. and Mrs. Lloyd r. Eyer, Mr.. and
Mrs. Charles Harrison and son Frank
were guests OF Mr.. and Mrs. John A.
Eyer Sunday.
Burl Leonard spent Monday after
noon with Geraldine and Geneveive
Eyer.
Mrs 9. A Marsh is visiting friends
and relatives in Mishawaka the week
end
Eyer spent Thursday afternoon with
Mrs Bigger
Mr.. and Mrs. Evans entertained a
number of relatives of Elkhart sun
day
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-05-20
BUYS NEW YORK PAPER
DIR. Edward Rumely said to Have Sc
cured the Mail.

L.APORTE. Ind. May 2O.-Dr. Ed
ward Rumely. formerly the head OF
the Rumely Co. manufacturers of
farm machinery, and which is now in
the hands of a receiver. is the pur-
chaser Of the New York Mail. accord
ing TO information received here. DIT
Rumely is now in New York and rel
atives in this city say they have no
details OF the purchase, though ad-
hitting that negotiations for the pa
papers purchase have been in prog
ress for several weeks. IL is under
stood here that DR.. Rumely repre-
sents group OF German capitalists
and that the policy OF the paper will
be strictly pro- German DR. Runely
since his retirement from the Rumely
company has been at the head OF the
InterlalSen School for Boys. II is said
here that he viii be actively identi-
fed with the management OF the
paper.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-05-20
TWO DROWN NEAR ISLAND
Three Rescued. Others Missing, When
Launch Tank ExplOdes.

SAULT STE. MARIE, May 20
Two men are missing and three had
narrow escapes from death as the re-
suit of a gasoline explosion aboard a
launch off DrumOmnd island.
A party consisting Of August Lem
pinen. captain and owner; Jacob Hau-
hia. Thomas Me1o, Charles Jarvinien
and his son, Tense, was en- route from
the 500 10 the island. All jumped
overheard when the explosion occur
red. Lempinen and Hauhia disap-
peared.
The others hung TO anchor chains
until picked up by the steamer Wis
sahickOn
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-05-20
LOSES FLOCK OF GEESE
Birds Disappear and Cattle Are
Moved During Storm

ALEXANDRIA. Ind. May 2O.-A.
]. Noble. a farmer seven miles south
east OF Alexandria. is trying TO ac-
count for the sudden disappearance
of 6S geese during a severe electrical
storm, and Mrs. II. / Hancock, own
er of farm near LinwoCd. is unable
TO explain how a herd of cattle was
moved from one field TO another dur
ing the storm. Mrs Hancock found
the cattle in an adjoining field. which
is separated by a high wre fence. 1t
is the supoSitiOn that the wind lifted
the cattle over the fence. A search
for miles around the Noble farm has
been made. but no trace of the eS
geese can be found
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-05-20
WIFE FORGOT KERCHIEF
Husband Gives Spouse Beating and
Lands in Jail on Assault Charge.

ANN ARBOR. Mich, May 2O.-Be-
cause his wife forgot TO put a clean
handkerchief in his pocket, Fred
Weir 3S years old. is in the county
Jail charged with an assault upon his
wife
Weir was incensed when he found
his wife had not provided the clean
square Of linen and beat her up. say
the officers. The son called the sher-
iff's Office and the officers found the
woman with an ugly cut over the
left temple and several decorations on
her body.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-05-20
ONE FATALLY INJURED
Five Others Hurt When Automobile
Goes over Bank.

KALAMAZOO. May 2O.-As the re-
suit OF a ride in an automobile be-
longing to w. A Harrington of Os-
tego, Archie Hayes, a 17-year-old
Kalamazoo boy, may die of injuries
20 his back, and his five companions
are suffering from minor injuries.
The accident happened shortly be-
fore midnight Monday night, and an
effort was made to keep the affair a
secret.
The automobile went over an en-
bankment about four miles south of
town.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-05-20
CROPS BADLY DAMAGED
Loss i'm Southern Michigan is Esti-
mated at S25O,OOO.

ST. JOSEPH, Mich. May 2O.-It is
estimated Wednesday that the early
morning frost caused a loss of $780,
600 10 the fruit interests Of this
region
Grapes and strawberries have been
the hardest hit and in some districts.
especially the territory north and east
of Benton Harbor. over half the crop
has been wiped out
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-05-20
WAGON STARTS AUTO
Machine Leaves When Jar Throws
Clutch in Place.

CONNERSVILLE, Ind. May 20
There is at least one small automobile
in Connersville which is not hard to
start Yesterday the car was left
standing in Sixth st. with the engine
going. A country wagon bumped into
it, Jared the clutch in place and the
car started off down the street at a
rate of about 20 miles an hour. Per
sons in the street scattered in all di-
rections. The car came to a stop
when it ran against a steel electric
light post in front of a bank.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-05-20
EDUCATOR DROPS DEAD
Ishpeming School Superintendent Had
Reputation for Institutions.

ISHPEMING. Mich. May 20.-E.
z. Scribner, superintendent of the
Ishpeming public schools, dropped
dead of heart disease today while en-
tering one Of the grade schools. He
was born IN OswegO, n. Y, in 1852.
He came TO Ishpeming In 1902 and
was Michigan director in the Ma
tional Educational association.
He gained a national reputation
for the excellence OF the manual
training department of the local
schools and for other practical fea-
lures IN high school life which he
inst ftuted