davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26
THE STRATEGY OF THE GREAT WAR
Explanation the Advance and the French Retreat
Which Began Near Namur Year Ago and Ended on
the Marine, September 5, 1914
By GILBERT V. SELDES

Uhe operative corner), and attack one half
Of the black army. The other half, for the
reasons shown above, is incapable of COM
ing around in time to outhank A, B, and
ID. And so, under favorable conditions, the
commander of the open square can throw
his army partly around his enemy attack
in overwhelming numbers az to g. to keep
to our original proportons), and force the
black line back The black commander
compelled to keep up communications must
retreat not only with the half which is under
attack, but with his 16 units, and as Mr..
Hilaire Beloc, the historian, has said, "you
then have the singular spectacle of ~ men
compelling the retreat of and pursuing 16."
One thing more. The entire plan would
fall to the ground if the operative corner A
could not resist the first great shock. If it
were cut to pieces, the black units could
penetrate the open square, isolate each group
and destroy it.
If the reader thinks that all this has moth
ing to do with war, let him look at the map
of Belgium and France. Let him realize that
the black army is the German force sweeping
into Belgium and France, that the operative
corner, A, is the allied force which met the
Germans at the confluence of the Meuse and
Sambre Rivers below Namur, and that the
maneuverng masses are the bodies of French
soldiery, and the arriving British expedition
airy force which came up swung to the left
precisely as indicated in the diagram and
halted the German advance on the River
Marne.
Like Xenophon's Retreat
The German war theory was that no opera
tive corner could Withstand the terrific blow
which its splendid armies were capable of de-
livering. The French theory was that the
French operative corner could withstand the
blow. The German plan of operation was
for quick, decisive blow at the operative
corner, penetration of the manedvering
masses, and Paris! The French plan involved
the sacrifice of Paris, but the saving of
France. Once checked, the German plan was
doomed to revision. 1t resulted, in the end.
in trench warfare.
The terrible retreat through France was
after all, highly successful, almost in
credible, military maneuver. The French nm
derestimated the numerical force against
them; they overestimated the strength of
fortresses' Liege. Namur, Maubeuge There
was a signal lack of co-or Grafton between the
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

The diagrams are reproduced by courtesy of
Hearst's International Library, publishers OF The
Elements of the Great War" by Haire Belloc,
from which material for the following article has
been drawn.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26
THE PORTSMOUTH'S
"TATTERED ENSIGN"
Sloop-of-War Which Brought the
Stars and Stripes to San Fran
'cisco Burned in Boston Harbor
By GEORGE c. THOMPSON

nERHAPs it's because the United States
Il Is youngster among nations and has not
yet grown up to a proper respect for tradi
tions and relics that every now and then
some foreigner seizes occasion to accuse us
or irreverence, as II Il were a national trait.
The domestic observer sees difference be-
tween our East and our west in this matter
II is, indeed, a subject Of many ramifca-
tons, social. political, and so on. 1t finds a
place in discussions Of constitutional change,
and the Liberty Bell has lately furnished
text for civic sermons.
The proper function Of traditions and relics
is TO serve as ballast. Too large an accumu-
lation might result in topheaviness. II speed
is the American idea, and some say 1t is,
overloading is TO be especially avoided.
California has its fair share Of historical
memories. When It comes to romance one
might think from the photography of the
state that It has something approaching
monopoly on that more or less sentimental
commodity. The story of the conquistadores
and the missions and the establishment of
the twenty-four day Bear Flag Republic"
and the conquest of lS46 and the Forty miners
is romantic enough. No visitor to the great
fairs can fail to see that the present glories
Of California are wonderfully colored by the
past. 1t is a colorful State historically as
we'll as otherwise.
Now "tattered ensign" associated with
the American conquest of California and the
admissionSof the State into the Union has
been lowered and laid away-to speak figura-
lively, for the way of IT is not at all senti-
mental In other words the old sloop- of-war
Portsmouth was burned yesterday on the
mud fats of Boston Harbor.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26
NATIONAL POINT OF VIEW

Savings banks deposits nearly $2O,0OO.0O0 higher
than a year ago suggest that there are people
who know better ways of using money than
gambling in war stocks.-New York World.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

Anyhow the American nag gives more
protection than most any other these days
But Washington Is not 70 blame for that
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

Haiti has had 100 years in which TO prove
itself incompetent and has done It, II for no
other reason than to save IL from wasting itself
away, a protectorate government would be
benehcial.--Hartford Post.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

When Josephus Daniels gets through with
the navy there will be nothing left OF
Josephus Daniels.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

If organized labor could substitute the Roman
or civil law notion of prosecution on 'informa-
tom for the Saxon or common law Grand Jury,
it would lose more than II could possibly gain
by the change.-Brooklyn Eagle.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

The invasion of Russia by the Teutons was a
brave undertaking, but for downright intre-
pidity the invasion of Kentucky by the Prohibi-
tionists has never been excelled.-Kansas City
Journal.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

Ruef Is said to have made study OF prison
life and has formulated plans for organizing
convcts and released prisoners into mutual aid
societies. If he could prove such power for
good as he was for political evil. il would be
well worth the OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES Springs
Gazette.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

After all IT, is not sex so much as COM
potency that should determine an election
10 the Board OF Education.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

Mayor Is important. but the capacity OF
people for self-government is more inn
portant.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

The mortality would be less II they shot
men out OF cannon instead OF shooting can
non at them
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

1t is clear that other things being equal
munitions, transport and quality of men.
the larger force will shatter the smaller,
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

Having nothing to speak OF to show for lite
work and time. except the expenditure Of about
s5OolOOO of the public's money. the Commission on
Industrial Relations may close its career with
a sense of thankfulness on the part of the peo-
pie that 1t has done woree.-Springheld
Union.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

II is the business OF this Government TO stand
up for the noncontraband or at least the strict
ly conditional contraband, character OF cotton.
Some day even Great Britain may be glad we
declined TO acquiesce in her putting cotton def
ntey In the same category with arms and am
munition.-chicago' Herald.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

The British will take care OF the cotton
Let the planters take care OF themselves.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

II the Germans are not careful they will
drive the Russians into Constantinople.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

There are two or three roads to fame, but
infamy is not one OF them
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

Possibly villa could gather some recruits
In Georgia
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

1t is not well to be too optimistic Con-
gress meets in December
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26
"Old Ironsides"

1t was because of the part that the Ports
mouth played in the events of 1850 that
the appeal to save 1t from destruction met
with so much popular approval. The vessel,
perhaps. was hardly entitled TO the same
consideration as the famous frigate Consti-
tuition, now moored to a dock in Charlestown
Navy Yard and daily visited by scores of
people, but at least 1t suffered the same
ignoble fate from which sold Ironsides" was
saved when its fighting days were over by
the stirring poem OF Oliver Wendell Homes:
Ay. tear her tattered ensign down!
Long has II waved on high,
And many an eye has danced to see
That banner in the sky;
Beneath II rang the battle shout
And burst the cannon's roar
The meteor OF the ocean air
Shall sweep the clouds no more.
Where was the laureate OF the Portsmouth?
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26
The Conquest of California

The Conquest of California
For several months before the outbreak of
actual hostilities between the United States
and Mexico the sloop had been cruising along
the Pacific coast. It's commander, Captain
Montgomery, had no means of knowing what
Washington intended to do for means of
communication across the Continent were
not what they are today, but he scented
trouble and on the alert. The Ports
mouth sailed into the harbor of San Fran
cisco some months before Commodore John
Drake Sloat with his flagship, the Savannah,
and two other ships, the Cyane and the Le-
want, reached the scene. Commodore Sloat
had gone to the Pacific coast with instruc~
tions of a years standing to take all Cali
forna ports and hold them in the event of
war with Mexico.
The captain of the Portsmouth knew no
more than Commodore Sloat of what had de-
veloped in the negotiations between the
United States and Mexico, but the presence
of his now-famous sloop in the harbor then
known as Yerba Buena, was enough to give
him control Of the port and to assure pro-
lection to the inhabitants Of the little village
that has since grown into the city of San
Francisco. At the same time, while await
ing news that war had been declared, Cap
tain Montgomery was careful that his vessel
should not take any warlike step which
might embarrass his country.
In the meantime the Pathfinder" General
Fremont, had not exercised all these scruples,
and on land doing some vigorous fight
ing. Although the Portsmouth had taken
San Francisco, Captain Montgomery refused
to interfere with the escape by boat of Cap
tain de la Torres party which Fremont was
chasing. But as soon the news was re-
ceived that war had been declared the Ports
mouth figured more prominently in the ex-
citing events of the following months.
From the moment California was seized
until it was ceded to the United States at
the close of the Mexican War and admitted
as a State in 1850. 1t bristled with excite
ment. When gold discovered there i'm
mediately after the war nearly a hundred
thousand adventurous men burst through
the mountain passes or reached the new
State by boat around Cape Horn. Into this
land was poured the motliest collection of
men imaginable
Then that wonderful transportation system
of the pre-railroad era came into existence.
1t was the pony express which carried letters
from Independence, Mo-, across the plains
and mountains to California in ten days at a
cost Of five dollars per half ounce. That was
when our famous Buffalo BILL" William F.
Cody. came into his fame by one continuous
ride of 3s4 miles. The best record of the pony
express was the accomplishment of 1850 miles
in seven days and seventeen hours. by means
of relays. Then came the Merchants Ex-
press, which employed 5000 men, 1000
wagons and 10000 oxen in carrying freight
across the Continent.
"0ld Ironsides"
1t was because Of the part that the Ports
mouth played in the events of 1850 that
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-26

NO man ,oithout an ideal has ever seen
realized.
Evening star., 1915-06-20
ARMY-NAW.
Army Orders.

Leave of absence for one month is
granted Capt Edward c. Register.
Medical Corps
Mai. Douglas F. Duval, Medical Corps,
is relieved from duty at Fort Myer. Va.
and will proceed to Camp E. s. Otis.
Canal Zone, for duty.
Leave of absence for one month is
granted Capt. Walter 7. Bates. infan-
try.
Paw Clerk Richard L. r. Cave. Quar-
termaster Corps, will be relieved from
duty in the office of the depot quarter
master, this city. and will proceed to
Ancon, Canal Zone. for duty.
partment, will proceed to West Point,
n. Y, on official business pertaining
to the inspection of armament at that
place.
Chief Musician Otto Gaebel. band. 9Th
Infantry, is placed upon the retired list
at Laredo, Tex, and will repair to his
home.
Leave of absence for one month is
granted Maj. Edward R. Schrefner.
Medical Corps.
Capts. Omar W. Pinkton and Harry
G. Humphreys. Medical Corps. will pro-
ceed to Fort Oglethorpe. Ga, for tenn
porary duty. ;.
Maj Letcher Hardeman. retired, is
detailed for general recruiting service
at Grand Rapids. Mich
Can't Francis X. Strong, Medical
Corps, is relieved from duty in the
Philippine Department and will pro-
ceed to the United States.
Leave of absence for two months and
Evening star., 1915-06-20

in command of the Barney just before
she left the torpedo boat squadron at
the Naval Academy to come to this
city. where she arrived in the early
part of the week.
Commander Joseph A. Dempf, COM
manding the local naval militia. was
on the vessel when she started her
first voyage down the river as a prac-
tice ship. as were also Ensign Harold
Crawford, acting navigator, and En-
sign F. l.. Nudge, engineer.
The vessel left the dock promptly at
2 o'clock and will keep cruising during
the whole time she is away until S
o clock this afternoon, when she Is due
to return to her dock at the Naval Bat
TALON armory, foot of Water and o
streets southwest
Under orders from the Navy Depart
ment the vessel is ordered to keep un-
der way during the entire time she is
away from the dock, so that the maxi
mum amount of training may be re-
ceIVed by the officers and men of the
naval militia. Liberty parties only will
he allowed once a month, and then not
for excessive length.
1t is understood to be the plan for
the vessel to steam down into the
Chesapeake bay, where night maneuv-
ers will be held, the homeward-bound
voyage to start this morning
The Barney is regularly attached to
the Naval Academy reserve torpedo
squadron However, the local naval
militia has not a ship large enough to
take the members of the command on
a cruise. SO the Navy Department de-
cided to add another one during the
summer months. About the middle of
September the ship will return to An
napolis.
The vessel is 1877 feet long. has a
beam of nearly s feet and draws about
) feet of water. Her speed on trial
was twenty-nine knots, with both en-
gines. However. one of her boilers is
out of commission at the present time
and only one engine can be used. I'm
der these conditions, it is declared, she
can make only about nineteen knots.
Her battery consists of three one
FOUNDER rapid-f1re guns and three
eighteen-inch torpedo tubes.
Since the vessel has been tied up at
the local dock she has attracted a
great amount of attention on. the part
of visitors along the water front. They
display particular interest in the tor
pedoes.
J. c. Eller, quartermaster third class,
I'd Division, has been promoted to the
second class. while W. Z. Peake signal
boy. I'd Division, has been promoted to
fll the vacancy made by Ellers pro-
motion. +. J. Santmeyer, coxswain cd
Division. has been promoted to boat
swain's mate, second class, while Har-
ry Goldsborough, also Of the second
Division. has been promoted from sea-
man apprentice to painter
/ There will be plenty of work for the
naval militiamen, both officers and
men. when they board the battleship
kearsarge in Hampton roads early the
morning Of July 8.
Under the schedule outlined by the
Navy Department the District and
North Carolina naval militias will
board the kearsarge at Hampton roads
on the morning of July 8, and after
Evening star., 1915-06-20
Western High Graduates
Who Have Won HOn0rS

Many former students at Western
High School have acquitted themselves
well this year at the respective In
stitutions where they are continuing
their studies. In addition to Richard
Adams. who was the first in scholar
ship and president of his class at the
United States Naval Academy, several
are reported as doing unusually well
Following are some notes" on former
Westerners:
Lawrence Pyle Of the class of 1915
at Swarthmore College is a member
OF the mems student government, pres
ident of the athletic association, treas
1rer Of the class OF 1916. business
manager of the Phoenix. Swarthmore's
school paper, and was advertising man.
ager of the Phoenix this year He was
tapped for the Book and Key Fra
ternity. which is composed of seven
seniors only-with Its alumni He lis
also a member of the Kappa Sigma
AT Stevens Institute Of Technology
Lewellyn Nicholson made a record which
has never been equaled in tho history of
the school. He made percentage of
100 in both tho midyear and final exam-
1nations. This gave him q perfect aver
age for the year in mathematics
Edwin F. Bethel, who Is now In his
Evening star., 1915-06-20

the officers and men have been assign
ed to their stations the ship will pro-
ceed to sea. She will be at sea until
the morning of July 5. when she VIII
anchor in GARDENERS bay. l.. L.. where
drills and maneuvers will be held until
July 8. on which date the vessel VIII
proceed to Newport, r. l., for two days
liberty. July II the kearsarge again
will drop anchor at GARDENERS pay
where target practice will be held July
13 the vessel will drop anchor in the
North river, n. Y. where liberty VIII
be given to the enlisted men. Two days
will be spent there. On the ittn the
vessel will proceed to sea. dropping
anchor again in Hampton roaus IuiS ii,
16. where the militia organizations Will
disembark, the District contingent re
turning to Washington early on the
morning of the 18th.
With the Kearsarge at GARDENERS bay,
Newport and New York will be the
battieship Kentucky with the naval
militia organizations from New Jersey.
Pennsylvania and Wisconsin aboard.
The following daily drill schedule
has been outlined for the naval militia
retreat from drill; 1:15 pm. drill call;
2:30 pm. retreat from drill: pm.
school obstruction period. enlisted
mem: pm. retreat from school; 4:5o
pm. officers school: $50 pm. retreat
from officers school: 8 pm. signal
drills and officers school; 9 pm, re-
treat from signal drills and officers
school.
Detailed instructions have been Is
sued by the division of naval militia
affairs of the Navy Department for the
instruction of officers and enlisted men
during their tour Of duty aboard the
battleship.
Commander H. H. Christy, L. ). n,
during the week was ordered to assume
command of the Kearsarge. The fol-
lowing officers of the navy also were
ordered to the Kearsarge during the
week: Lieut. Commander l.. A. Gotten,
from he Vermont: Lieut.. X. r. Scuoder,
from the Atlantic reserve meet. Lieut.
E. S. Moses. from the Alabama; En-
signs r. J. Valentine and T. {. Lati-
mer from the Vermont: Ensign C. h
osborne, from the Vermont: Ensign b.
p. Bischoff, from the Vermont.
The Navy Department has declined
the request of the District OF Columbia
and North Carolina naval mllitlas Tor
a change in the itinerary OF the battle
ship Kearsarge. Both Commanoef
Dempf of the local naval militia and
Can't Bradham of the North Carolina
naval militia asked that the itinerary
he changed so that the ship could nave
four dav's liberty in New YORK CITY,
instead of the two at New YORK ana
two at Newport. as planned IN the
original schedule.
Evening star., 1915-06-20

fourth year at West Point. ranks twelfth
in a class of 164.
William Ravenel. who is at Cornell.
was exempted from all final examna-
tfons this year on account of his excel
lent scholarship throughout the year.
Albert Byrne and Burnette Olmstead,
who are in their second year at West
Point, are on their first furlough since
entering the academy.
Noel Bishop and William Godson
both sons of army officers. are entering
West Point this year.
Ethel Conner has been awarded the
assistant scholarship in the Teachers
College at Columbia
Huyligher Church. who is in his second
year at Yale, played end on the foot
ball team this year
Hunt Weber is the heavyweight
champion wrestler at Lehie -
Julian Dowell is captain of the cross
country team at Princeton
Edmund Jones. who is attending
Georgetown Law, is the star sprinter
of the school,
Greatest Scholastic. Sprinter.
Brooke Brewer, this year, has earned
the title of the worlds greatest
scholastic sprinter. He has twice
yard dash and once equaled the 300
against the cream of the worlds talent
in California. He has not alone dis
tinguished himself in track work, but
also In basket ball, base ball and foot
ball. In basket ball he was a star
forward. In base ball he pitched and
best batters on the team. In foot ball
he was good offensive man, his
ability to punt and to circle the ends
helping his team to score many points.
Duncan Fuller, who was a member
of the Harvard crew last year, was
an operation. He Is considered one of
the ten strongest men at Harvard.
Alfred Sturtevant is now captain of
the Yale crew.
Massachusetts, Institute of Technology,
took ten courses at that school this
year and in six of these he made the
highest marks possible and in the
other four he made the next highest
marks. During the year, instead of
took 900 hours He will be business
manager of the Tech show next year.
He will also be assistant to the chair
Of precision of measurements.
Monroe Warren. who is attending the
University Of Virginia. made a gen
eral average of 81 per cent for the
year. His brother, Bates, who attends
the same school, ran him a close sec
ond by making an average of 93
Dorothy Weeks Is majoring in science
and mathematics at Wellesley
Robert Crocker will be senior at
Yale next year.
Frank Schof1eld is now in his third
year at West Point
Helen Swormstedt will be sopho-
more at Wellesley next year
White Busby is now a cadet at An
napolis.
In recent letter from the University
OF wisconsin 1t was stated that Mar
jorie Kinan was doing exceptional
work in the school.