Metropolis weekly gazette. (Metropolis, Ill.) 1???-19??, 1915-08-20
SYSTEM WORKSWE
State Probation Commission Is
Lauded by New York.
Experiment Has Proved In Every Way
Worthy, and Authorities Are
Unanimous In Opinion That
II Be Maintained.


One of the most active of the small
departments of the New York state
government is the state probation
commission. AS shown by recent
report on the state departments pre-
pared for the benefit of the constitu-
tional convention by the department
of efficiency and economy and the
New York bareau OF municipal re-
search this commission is entirely sep
arate In its organization and duties
from any other state department. 1t
has large and unique field, namely,
that Of developing, extending and i'm
proving probation work In all the
courts of the state.
| Probation Is defined as Q system by
which a court seeks to supervise, dis
cipline and reform offenders without
branding them as prisoners and with
out sentencing them to Jail or prison.
II Is intended especially for the young
or first offenders. II Is used In all
kinds Of courts and for all sorts of
offenses. but 1t Is perhaps of greater
Importance In the Juvenile court. Pro-
baton has been called the right arm
of the Juvenile court"
The first probation law In the state
was enacted In 1901. Following the
enactment of this law probation work
in the courts developed slowly and
! irregularly throughout the state. A
special commission to study the work
was authorized by the legislature of
1905; ten men and four women were
appointed on this commission by Gov
ernor Higgins. The commission made
thorough inquiry and presented a
report the following year. Out of its
work and recommendation grew the
present state probation commission.
The commission was created by the
legislature In 1907. Homer Folks has
been president of the commission since
its creation. Frank e. Wade, another
of the original commissioners, is now
yicepresident. The other members
are Edward C. Blum of Brooklyn,
Edmund ]. Butler of New York, Judge
Alphonso T. Clearwater of Kingston
and DR.. John II. Finley, commission.
er OF education The present secretary
| OF the commission Is Charles l.. Chute,
| who succeeded Arthur w. Townes In
| 1913.
| Some of the work he commission
Ishaa accomplished toward extending
and. developing the probation system
| IN the state is indicated by the follow
Ing facts: When the commission
| began its work in 1907 there were
/ we're LEO persons of all ages on pro-
.batio1. At the end Of 1914 there were
1925. Besides assisting in this
great extension. the commission has
rcongtartly urged discrimination In the
selection. Of cases and the all impor-
lance OF careful and thorough work on
tho part 81 fsottat4on officers.
Thu Eepert of the commission ex-
! tending over seven years show that
more tAhir'7o per cent of all persons
placed, On probation are reported by
the probation officers each year as
completing their terms of probation
successfully and being discharged with
Improvement.
The cost of the state prisons, peni-
'eentisries. adult and Juvenile reforma-
tories, for maintenance alone in 1913
was ,s2 .292,349. This takes no ac-
count of the vast sums expended In
lands, buildings and equipment and the
sums spent annually for repairs and
+ new construction. The average daily
population OF the institutions
throughout the year was 11.414. max
ing the per capita cost for years
confinement $200.S3. The entire es-
timated cost OF the probation system
for the year 1912 was s253.675. This
includes salaries paid to all probation
officers, AN estimate of their expenses
and the total appropriations to the
state probation commission. which
amounted to only s12.620. The aver
age number on probation throughout
the year was s,4S5 persons. There
fore, the average per capita cost of a
years probation was only $29.92, less
than one-sixth of the. average ex-
pense for years Imprisonment.
Besides the saving to the state and
the various localities In dollars and
cents, there is a greater saving. II Of
tenders can be safely allowed to re-
main In society and continue as pro-
ductive members thereof. society is
relieved of the burden of supporting
their innocent wives and children.