davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-01-31

one wing Of tho machine In the ris-
ing and the other in the stationary
air; a condition that interteres with
lateral stability and produces a
sudden shock both on entering the
column and on feayinEit.
2. On piunging square1y Into the
column; thus suddenly increasing
the angle OF attack, the pressure on
the wings. and the angle OF ascent.
3. On abruptly emerging from
the column: thereby causing a sud-
den decrease in the angle of attack
and also abruptly losing the support
force of the rising mass OF mir,
That flying with one wing In the
column ana tho other out must
interiors with literal stability and
possibly cause a fall as though
o hole had been encountered. IS
obvious, but the effects of plnnging
squnTely into or out ofTthe column
require ittiesfurtiier confederation.
Let aninefoplane TINT Is flying
l,orizcntuliy pass from quiescent air
squarelvs Into a rising coiunf. The
front Of the machine will bes lifted
as 1t enters the column. a little
faster than the rear. and the anglo
OF attack, that Is the. angle at which
the wing is inclined to @tfst Horizon,
will be Slightly Increased. This,
together with tn 1851 iHinRs air. will.
rapidly. carry the mac hine to higher
levels which OF itself Is mot impor-
,tant. r., however. the angle of att
tack Is so changed by the pilot as
IA. kaart ths, yt,slnI1iffs unit n, the
rising column. at a; constant level,
and Il. with this new adjustment.
the rising column Is abruptly left,
a rapid descent must begin the
half hole is met. But even this Is,
not necessarily harmful. Probably
the real danger under such circum-
stances arises from over ADJUST
'rnents by the aeronant In his hasty
attempt to correct for the abrupt
changes. Such, an adjustment
might wen cause a fail so sudden
as strongly to suggest. an actual hole
in the air.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-01-31

feet long and IL feet wide ana. car
rying car load Of timber, weigh
ing 40 tons. The engine In use on
this craft is q Kirkham air pro-
peller,. Of six cylinder. four cycle
type and has been In service on the
Charlton River. The propeller used
Is feet long by 3 foot pitch. When
desired Mr.. Groves device can be
mounted on both ends Of a vessel or
on RATS. either of which can then
be propelled sideways in landing,
or In avoiding Instructions in mar
row streams. His idea can also be
applied on power plants of any de-
scription. where steam or gasoiine
is used. The expense of installing.
mounting and dismounting Is ex-
tremeiy low.
Grove is famous through his part
of the country for numerous other
Inventions BY occupation he
makes handles and baseball bats,
but he has gone into, the sawmill
business as well into the skim
ming boat and launch business.
He has what is very probably
the only sawmill OF the kind in the
world. having recently installed an
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-01-31

paper published IN ths.report of the
Smithsonian Institution.
The ,buclxing and baking. the
rearing. plunging and other EVIL
dences OF the mulishs nature Of the
modern Pegasus, he says soon In
spired aerial jockeys to Invent pic
turesque terms descriptive OF their
steeds and the conditions under
which their laurels were won or
lost One Of the best of these ex-
pressions. one that Is very general
ly used and seems to be perma-
nent acquisition. Is "holes in the
air."
There are. of course. no holes In
the ordinary sense Of the term in
the atmosphere-no vacuous re-
gions. but the phrase. "holes in the
air. is brief and elegantly express
sive' of the fact that occasionally at
various places in the atmosphere
there are conditions which, SO far
as flying is concerned. are mighty
like unto holes. Such conditions are
indeed real, and It is the, purpose
OF this paper to point out what some
of them are. when and where they
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-01-31
aConyict,,. Nr,. Warien,

Ex-convtct No. ss.sss, alias,
Tom Brown, has. become Warden
Of Sing Sing!
Ordinarily such an ppouncemeny
as this would create; q nationwide
sensation. but inasmucir as eek
convict aa.3s3" happens to be
Thosmas Mott Osborne. Harvard.
's4. and brother OF Mrs.. James
jackson Storrow Of Boston, and
his Incarceration IN the Auburn
Penitentiary a seif-imposed one To-
study conditions there. New York.
is congratulating herself on getting
him for the, Job.
When Mr.. Osborne, who Is SO.
yesrs ana a man OF wealth, fnisteds
his one weei<'s. voluntary ordeal in.
Auiturp prison. during the fall OF
Last year and; resumed his work al
head Of the Prisons Bsform Come
mission Of New; York, e was with 4
cornniete ysyoiutinns Of an td6as he,
had ever had ON tbs Question; Of
furnishing criminals in the best pcs+
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-01-31

are most likely to occur. and how
best to avoid them.
But, according to the claims of
some. IL there are no complete holes
in the atmosphere, there are, at any
rate. places where the density Is,
much less than that of the surround
ing air; SO much less. indeed, that
when the aeroplane runs into one
of them, 1t drops quite as though
1t was in q place devoid of all air.
and without support of any kind.
This. too. like the actual hole. is
pure fiction that has no support
in barometric records. Indeed. such
a condition. as every scientific man
knows, could be established and
maintained only by gyration or
whirl of the atmosphere. such that
the Centrifugal force" would be suf-
ficient to equal the difference in
pressure, at the same level. between
the regions OF high and low density.
Along with these two impossibl
the hole and the half hole, the vac
uum, and the half vacuum. should
be consigned to Oblivion that other
picturesque fiction. the pocket Of
noxious. gas" Probably not other
gases. certainly very few. have at
ordinary temperature and pressure,
the same density as atmospheric cir.
Therefore. a pocket Of foreign gas
in the atmosphere would almost GER
tainly either bob up like a balloon,
or sink like. a stone In waters; It
could not float in rnidair. It Is pos
slble, Of course. as will be discussed
q little later. to run into, columns Of
rising air that may contain ohjec-
tionable gases and doors. but these
columns. are quite different from
anything: likely to be suggested by
the, expression pockets Of gas
NAN ON EARTH
CANNOT SEE PERILS.
The above are some ofstte things.
that fortunately alike for thcse who
> - i ~ d -.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-01-31

walk the earth, and those who. fiy
the air. do not exist. We will now
consider some Of the things that do
exist and produce effects, such as
actual holes and half hoies would!
produce dden. drops and occasi-
onal DISASTROUS falls.
A mass Of air rises or falls. ae-
coEding as its density p less or
greater. respectively. than that Of
the surrounding atmosphere, Just
as. and for the same reason that .
cork bohs up. n water. and q stone
goes down. "
The velocity Of such fountains Of
air Il at times SURPRISINGLY great.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-01-31

temporarily supported, but even
carried to higher levels, shows that
uprustes of TWENTY-FIVE to thirty
feet per second not merely may but
actually do occur.
There are, then aerial fopntaina:
Of Considerable vsrtical velocity
whose; sides at times. and places may
be almost a. sharply separated.
from the SURROUND ding air as are the
sides Of a fountain Of water. and: Il !.
Is alteg atlier possible for the swift+
est Of these to odtiee efterts on a.
aeroplane more or less dtsconeerting Z
to the pilot The trouble may occur
I. On grazing the column WITH
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-01-31

ISL W AAoA uC Mttutlu WIS u NHIW1E0WJi
Of actual conditions Hei thought
the best way to ger Il was to linz
personate, convict and take the
punishment melted out 20 cctiyicts
by the State.
In accounting his experience ~ q i
convict IA Aubdrtis aslkit,s no faxots
ana receiving none, suffefine ~
the mental fortunes that come; " .
man OF refinement u that walled
city OF silence, Nj. osborne nayed
the systems protested against ett3
methods ana mistakenly urged their
reformation. l;i, :. I
III one, week In Auburn Pris0tis
proved such hardship to YOU,
what DO yeu think i've years would
do1" MI Osborne was ASKED.
Mr. Osborne raised his hands a
the air and exclaimed sfhsanityls,
Boston found 4 pecu1iar intsfesi'
In following the cSfeet 81 TiIorii6s
Mott 0sbofne. ~. Z. -
Mr.. Osborne married a e.df,4z'
bridge woman. Miss .Ahriea DeveiiS Z
who died "a 1895 ten teafs aaftdi
their marriage. = 8
he WIS born. ii, ,Autt,rn and s:i.vs,'
when making cxtenSiye! trayeis Iii
over tho world ana holding nubiiS
office "a his native state. has tnSdts
his nome there.
He HAS written, M NAYS m nan,
subjects and a = sneyspas,er naatss,
beirs, .ei,iae a 4 A ,,,,,,,.,,.
citizen since faiIs. v r5esyvna elsdts
Mayor az A,ibnrn fa0e ~ 1 a,s, ~
Is a manufacturer. 49,
.I want Ia say Z bout nv whole
exneriance tl,af i. was tba su,ast.
thriliinr ana nniiff,,,g' 4 .navs sTvs,,'
had.,. wrote M lsborns, Sar I'D
Sunday post shartIv afis :, M S,,5
weal,,s voIuntary impr,so5,niIuds i,ts.
.Tf hmman ,,st;rc ~, ,.i.a 4, ~ -.
to that evil system, under. any de.
cent system, there Is nothing youi
can't do.
"Prison reformi Let'a .refofni, the
whole system on the face OF the :
earth" he declared. ::
Anything moro unreas6nabie
than the present system Of ttirnifig
men loose upon society, only to res
turn again and. again to prison, eafi-
not be IMAGINED. Let us have "
system by which men Gun gain or
regain their power Of being OF aefy-.
ice to society. ~ II, : =
II believe that all Of the longer
term men are more or less insane /,
said MI. Osborne. LAS an ,exanlnie :
Of their hysterical condition might
point out the fact that the Auburn
corvicts look on my visit to them
almost as the visit Of a savior.
IT have learned since leaving the
prison that one convict Is treasitr
ing one Old sock TINT I cast on. and
another convict has the other sock
and looks upon 1t as a precious mo:
lncnto. &;
1.-THE whole. secret Of renaedvin.s.
our prison system. / Believe. u 'il
treating each man as an Individual.
1t is the greatest mistake to pur-
fish people en- mnsse. ! found that,
the system as it exists today Il very
similar to- keeping man In bed for D,
long stretch Of time as q training
tor q race II
I'm my talks with the prisoners
I found that as a whole they admit
ted they were guilty ana said they
We're willing to accnpt their ptinfsIis
ment but there. was less than 10
per cent who did not declare that
when they got out. they would i've I
straisht: Z. - (. :.
HAa q fnof4ar ~ Fonf x,,t.<,.I 4ysr,,.,
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-01-31
11-horse power. steam engine and a
42-inch boiling saw on his boat,

11-horse power steam engine and a
42-inch boiling saw on his boat
The Hummer.
The unusual feature of mount
ing q. sawmill on a boat. and the
unique motive power Of The Hum
mer. are the claims to. distinction
possessed by this outfit.
Mr.. Grove has invented device
which enables one man, to operate
and steer boat without the use
of rudder. An engine and air
propeller are mounted on. turn
table. By use of this turntable the
power can be applied in any d.
rection desired, thus. enabling the.
operator to make the shortest
turns easily or to pull tho boat off
Of sand, bars and snags Both water
wheels and rudder are done away
with, and a boat equipped witt
this device can be. used on shallow
streams that otherwise would not
be navigable.
Mr.. Grove has easy access to. a
large amount OF timber on both
sides Of the Chariton River. The,
timber will be bolted up into
handle blanks for use at Mr..
Groves factory eat. Callao.
1Ir. Grove Is now working out
plans for craft that will travel in
the air, on the water. the snow and
on ordinary country highways. BY
means Of simple levers the adjust4
ment from one method to the 9TH.
er viii be accomplished in a few
~ a.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-01-31

Measurements on pilot balloons and
measurements taken in manned ball
looms have shown vertical ve1ocities.
both up. and down, Of as much as
ton feet per second. The soaring
Of large birds Is q further proof OF
an upward velocity Of the, same
order of magnitude while the fact
; that in comuius clouds wntcr drops
and hailstones often are not only
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-01-31

~ NVAGsf lb4k6
Z county fair at Cailao, NO.. Sep
teinoei Is, 1912, George Under
WOOD, the Virginia aviator, arrived
At the fdif with his machine and Of
fored TO give exhibition lights at so
inuc trip. Underwood was
qailjlg ayiator and because he was
1afing he insisted on going up in
q t.rong wind. his engine and pro-
pelIer are now being used by Vic
for Grove, q mechanic Of Callao.
VII Q may be seen any day in winter
tl,iuiming over the snow in his sled.
the Snow Bird, which is driven
by an aeroplane propeller instead
Of, q team Of horses. In summer
he may be seen skimming over the
era MA boat driven by the same
4 ali happened ON that fatal Sep
tenber 49, when the wind was
blowing q gale and q crowd as
semPl ed to see Underwood fly. He
eidp' want to disappoint the crowd
ma he did want his money. so up
n the air he went until ut a height
Of 100 feet he ran into a con-
tfilty air current. Dropping down
ne tried to land on a highway.
Fearing his machine would strike
fence post he rose again.
The upper current again caught
the aviator. His machine was tossed
st The mercy of the wind. SO at forty
feet above the ground. Grove
Jumped out. He struck tho
ground with such violence that his
Atll was fractured from the In
n n Ar.k
That was the beginning of Groves
snow BIRD. The aeroplane took
seYetal turns in the air and smashed.
Groves was q spectator at the avia-
tio1 held. He rushed to Under
woods side and helped carry him to
his own home where Mrs. Groves
tried to nurse him back to life. The.
best sicians In that part Of Mis-
souri, were sent for but Underwood
died thirty hours afterwards with
o1it reghining consciousness.
They sent his body back to vir-
gina for burial. Then they learned
the aviator was the sole support of.
his mother and that half OF the
money he earned went to the little
old therJ in Virginia. The people
who we're cumming the fair gathered
mp the fragments of the acceptance
afid exhibited them at so much q
look 10 the curious crowd That drew
cto 7yd for a. few days but It soon
wore ont. Z :
Grove looked over the engine and
xpf6pei Ter and saw they were still In
fair shape He offered to buy them.
Tho 1nQney was sent to Virginia.
Then Grove began to think about
what he could do with his acauisi-
fion; He thought first of going in
for AWAIT ion. Then he decided It
would be safer on land. Winter
came and soon he was riding over
the NOW.
% The principle OF the propeller Is
the me ON "a sled as on an aero
plane The big fan like propeller
Whifls around. forcing the air back,
For every force In one direction
there IS an equal opposite force and
that made the sled glide forward.
Later he applied the principle to
Watef craft.
ANTILLES FOR PATENT
FOR HIS DEVICE.
Grove has recently applied for a
patffI on d device for use on. diff
fefen kinds of water craft which
efidbi one man to operate and
steer the craft without the use Of
o rlidq der He has mounted an
dindfy Kirkharp air propeller en-
zinc on turntable. which enables
him g apply the power in any di-
mt engine and propeller rs
mount cd on. the bow of the boat and
The Detroit times., 1915-03-24
American Fashions

Black and white would not be
half SO interesting IL there were no
other colors TO wear, but because all
OF US at some stage OF the Senatorial
game became surfeited with colors
and lack the enthusiasm and initia-
tive to choose between the latest
turbulent shade OF green and the
newest hectic rose tone. II is just
nice and restful to fall back on
neutral ground and walk forth one
fine morning peacefully clad in
black and white, which, by the way.
must no. be treated mournfully. but
rather with an appreciation OF the
possibilities that lie in SO striking
contrast.
A happy medium Is expressed In
the black and white costume. here
illustrated. II is built Of taffeta and
Georgette crepe, the former making
the skirt and broad girdle and the
letter the blouse.
The blouse is made to fall In soft
little folds of fulness by slightly
gathering the fronts and backs
along the shoulder seams. Soft
bishop sleeves are joined to the arm
holes with wide bands OF embroid-
cred crepe. They may be kept
white or black. or will look very
dainty worked in old blue. The
buttons along the top OF the arm are
nickel. A fiaring collar and turned
back cuffs finish the neck and
sleeve-ends.
The girdle fastens along the left
side beneath close row OF nickel
ball buttons.
The skirt shows Two rows Of shir,
ring beneath the edge of the girdle.
Over either hip an ornamental
"pocket-hap" is introduced. embroid-
cred to match the sleeve bands.
To assure neatness and At this
The Detroit times., 1915-03-24
The Confessions of a Wife
Know What Dicks Engagement Was.

souls?" wdas my smiling retort.
The taxi came before Dick was
dressed. but / sat serenely sayine
nothing. / know he expected me to
be impatient, but after | had asked
him IL he intended to go to the party
and received his petulant answer
What do you think I'm getting into
evening clothes for?" I simply said
THE taxi is here and sat down
with all my wraps on to walt fol
him.
could hear him impatiently hunt
ing for articles, but as I knew | had
put everything necessary for his tot
let out where he could find them
did not bulge from my chair. where
read the evening paper and com.
manded my patience.
At last he came from his room
without word, put on his overcoat
and started for the door. trailed
after him and we rode over to Mrs.
Tenney's In silence.
II am so glad you could some,
Margie." was Donna's welcome, and
then she looked beyond me to where
Dick stood and said, Isn't Eleanor
Fairlow with you? thought you
were going to bring her, Mr.. Wa
verify"
Dicks face got brick red. but af-
ter a moments hesitation he said. IL
believe Miss Fairlow is coming with
Mr. Edie."
could not help from whispering
TO Dick as we passed on, "A friend
in need is a friend indeed"
Then Dick made the mistake of
asking. what do you mean?"
Il mean | answered, that your
engagement this evening was TO take
Eleanor Fairlow 10 this party, and
when you found insisted upon com
Ing you had To make other arrange
ments. and Jim. in his good nature
offered to take her of your hands
LET me explain"
mot tonight. Dick" I YEARLY re
Joined II don't want to quarre
with you here where people can dis
cover t."
But. Margie--"
II want to have good time, Dick
IL I can--let's call truce" just
The Detroit times., 1915-03-24
TODAY'S
HOUSEHOLD
AFFAIRS
BuTTER-MAkIN0
BY MARY LEE

Good butter is generally expen-
sive, and II is not always easy to get
especially outside OF the large
cities. Few farmers who make
sweet butter use It themselves; they
market II In the cities.
In view OF these facts 1t is strange
that more housewives do not make
butter: for the process is not at all
difficult.
Even IL you have no cow, you will
find that II you take little extra
cream and set aside the surplus for
few days you can make a butter
that will be both delicious and eco
nomical.
II you wish to make only small
amount at a time buy a very small
churn or one OF the new process but
ter pans. II the latter. pour the
cream into the pan. which is filed
with blotting pads. These pads abb
sord the milk and water, SO that the
butter needs very little working.
To start butter-making. set the
cream that you have saved in cool
place. and stir thoroughly whenever
more cream Is added. II ought not
| TO stand more than three days. and
must not be permitted TO become bit
ter and faky.
When you have enough cream
scald the churn and dasher thorough
ly, and put in the cream at tenn
perature OF So degrees. Churn stead
lily, and when the butter begins to
come drop little ice into the churn
to harden the butter and make II
easier TO gather.
After gathering II as well as pos
sible with the dasher, remove II to
bowl or table. and work II thor
oughly with a fat wooden paddle.
DO not work butter with the hands,
for no matter how clean these may
be, the insensible perspiration will
faint the bstter more or less.
Use an abundance OF cold water to
wash out the buttermilk and harden
the butter. In this way the butter
milk is removed quickly. and II is
not necessary to work the butter
long Excessive working Injuries
the grain. After the working set
the butter in cool place. and sew
eral hours later work It again quick
ly. to remove all traces OF butter.
milk. The sweet butter then will
be ready for use. Keep II In COZ.
cred stone jar In the milk compart-
ment OF the ice chest. II will keep
sweet about four days-seldom for
a longer period.
The Detroit times., 1915-03-24
DETROIT TIMES PAGE FOR WOMEN AND THE HOME
MRS. LINCOLN VALEN-

A'A TINO, a Washington
hostess who entertained at
a luminous bal masque" re-
Gently and startled her
friends by appearing in the
native costume of a Guate-
malan indian maid.
The Detroit times., 1915-03-24

anniversary. Among those present
were Mr.. and Mrs. Henry J. Booth.
OF Chicago.
o.
Unique invitations have been sent
the ladies of the families of mem.
bers OF the Detroit Athletic club to
attend the first function TO be given
in the new club building, Friday aft
ernoon, March 20, when the gym
nasium will be formally dedicated by
Miss Annette Kellermann. the
famous swimmer and diver. now
playing an engagement In the De-
trcit opera house,
o.
The marriage OF Miss Laura o..
Butler, daughter Of Mrs. Frederick
+. Butler, to Carlton Higbee. will
take place Saturday afternoon, April
10, in the First Presbyterian church.
Miss Butler will be attended by her
sister, Miss Selenah Butler. Miss
Adelaide Casgrain. Miss Grace
Hinchman. Miss Marie Russell and
Miss Helen Hlgbee. sister OF the
groom, Chicago.
o.
The second In series OF Lenten
twilight recitals under the auspices
Of the Edna Chaffee Noble Alumni
association will be given Wednesday
afternoon, al 4 o'clock. In Chaffee
hall The program will include a
oneact play. THE Little widow"
by Miss Gertrude Plass. Miss Eliza
beth Rathbone and Enos Foulk. and
violin numbers by Miss Dorothy
Kemp. assisted by Prof. William
Yunch.
Benefit performances will be CIV.
en- In the Alhambra theater. Thurs
day and Friday evenings. March rs
and 20. under the auspices OF the
Highland Park Humane society.
Thursday evening. the photo-play.
THE Love Route" will be given and
Friday evening. David Harum." In
order TO help the humane society
tickets must be procured from some
member OF the society. or in the
stores OF r. f. Fischer. No. 2673
Woodward-aye.. Highland Park
Creamery. No. 2s41 Woodward-ave
and Sheehan's book store. No. eco
Woodward-ave. Mrs. Bert Bassett
will sing both evenings.