South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-07-06

"aaxseeds" about the middle Of
Angus and continue to issue till
about the last of October according
TO latitude, the maximum emergence
occurring during the last two weeks
of September or the first week in
October, depending on the locality.
This second generation infests VOlun-
teer wheat and all wheat sown before
the hy-free date. The ''fiaXseeds"
OF the second generation remain on
the plants of fall-sOwn wheat till
April Of the next year, when adults
issue from them and begin another
season.
Appearance of Infested Plants.
No farmer need be in the least I'M
certain as to the extent TO which his
wheat is infested in the fall. An in
tested plant stands straight upward
| in the drill row. with broader leaves
/ OF a darker green color, does not
/ tiller, and therefore does not spread
out and cover the ground between the
rows. The Hessian fly attacks wheat
rye, and barley. but not oats.
Nowhere either in the east or west,
! should wheat be sown on wheat stub
BILE if this course can possibly be
avoided. However. in the east, as
we'll as in some portions of Iowa ana
Missouri the wheat stubbTe is uni
versally seeded TO timothy and clover,
and therefore any kind of cultivation
of these stubble fields is rendered inn
practical. though in many cases 1t
would be far better TO sacrifice all eX-
! cept the very best seeding. Neither
can the fields be burned over without
destroying the young seeding. and
where these conditions prevail the
| only practical method that the farmer
can use is that of delaying his wheat
sowing until the flies have made their
way from the stuhble to the fields and
died there without being able 10 find
any plants upon w 4 TO deposit
their eggs.
Cultural Meth ) Advocated.
1t should be DO in mind that the
most practical anu effective methods
/ of controlling the Hessian fly are
identical with the best methods OF
/ producing the maximum yields OF
wheat 1t is entirely possible for the
I farmer 10 night the Hessian fly by the
/ process of good farming, involving
/ thorough cultivation, good seed, and
I a rotation of crops. The most serious
/ objection to the most practical and
I effective method that can be employ
/ ed 10 control this pest in the field
/ namely, late sOWing-iS that there. is
/ danger Of 50 delaying the growth OF
/ the plants that they do not become
\ sufficiently advanced TO enable them
| TO withstand the winter. This phase
I OF the situation is dealt with more al
I length in the new department of ag-
\ riculture circular, No. 81, The Hessiar
/ Fly Situation i'm 1915. extracts from
which are reprinted here. This cir
cular may be obtained free upon ap-
/ plication 20 the department of agri-
culture. as long a. the supply lasts.
Organize to Fight the Fly.
The county demonstration agents
in northern oklahoma, together witt
a number of entomoioSists and other
/ agricultural experts recently held Z
T meeting at ClaremoTe, Okla, anc
I formulated a campaign 10 starve GU
/ the Hessian fly in their locality. Thi.
is an excellent method of starting tn,
work OF organizing the farmers e
/ eliminate the fiy. according TO the de
partments specialists. and by al
means should be followed through
out the hy-infested territory. These
/ Oklahoma agents and farmers hay,
already adopted a specific campaign
which, in short. is the same as recon-
mended by the United States depart
ment OF agriculture. as follows:
StaTye Out the Fly.
The Hessian ny. being in the flax
seed stage IN wheat stubble and il
unharvested wheat from June til
/ September, or even October in In,
south, can be destroyed by carrying
out the following methods of control
I. Burn. where possible and safe
all stubble and ruined wheat.
.. Disk all stubble and ruined
wheat Immediately after harvest
where burning Is impracticable.
g. Pillow under deeply all stubbl,
and ruined wheat fields before Aug
Is. harrow the ground. and roll il
necessary.
&. Harrow. disk pasture. or other
wise effectualiy destroy all voluntee
wheat.
8 As measure perpetrators I,
/ sowing. pillow AS early and deeply al
existing conditions Will permit: disk
harrow. and roll until a thorough,
pulverized, compact seed bed is oil
tanned
e. DO not SOW wheat until ate
fy-free date.
Z. Rotate your crops II possible.