davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-13
Action Only Awaits Russia's
Victory in Carpathians.
RUMANIA and ITALY TOGETHER
Partition of Austria and Tur-
key Is End Sought.
Bulgaria Has Been Wavering
Until Recently.
IBy Henry Wood. ]

Nish. April 13.-By the middle of
May all the Balkan states may again
be plunged into war for the third time
in less than four years.
This is the information 1 have OBJ
tanned from some of the leading po-
litical authorities of Servia and
Greece Greece, Bulgaria and Ru-
mania es well as Italy, they hold,
must inevitably be drawn into the
conflict if the war continues much
longer With equal certitude they de-
clare that all four countries will enter
on the side of the allies. A decisive
victory for the Russians in the pres
ent Carpathian fighting may set the
ball rolling.
The Balkan states have two ends
they feel they must at some time at
tain. One is the expulsion for all time
of the Turks from Europe and the di-
vision among themselves of what re-
mains of European Turkey. The 9TH
CT is to wrest from Austria the prov
inces of Bukowina and Pennsylvania.
Rumania and italy, according to re-
ports in diplomatic circles here, will
enter the war simultaneously. For six
months a secret agreement to that ef-
TContin11ed an Page Two.l
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-13
DON'T WANT TO FIGHT.

London, April 13.-The human
side of the trenches and firing lines
with their pathos and laughter
combined is no better told than by
the "Tommies'' at the front, thou
sands of whose letters are received
weekly by the folks back home"
Though interest is intense in the
big news developments, second to
this comes the soldier letter sec
tions in the daily newspapers and
columns appear daily. The British
censor scrupulously eliminates all
mention of troop locations in the
soldiers mail but this fails to de-
tract from the interest in the sub
ject natter. A Lance corporal, who
was wounded at Ypres and is again
in the fighting line, wrote: The
more men we get here the sooner
the game will be at an end. The
Germans are almost sold out. We
captured a few the other day and
they told US they didn't want to
fight They were mere boys. We
only want nice dry weather and
then I am quite sure we can finish
up with a brilliant victory"
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-13
WAR BREAD IN 1870, TOO.

Berlin, April 13.-''War bread"
is no new thing in this war. One
OF the exhibits in the Bismarck
Museum in the SchoenhauSen Cas-
tie, Schoenhausen, where Bismarck
lived is a loaf of French bread
that was baked in Paris during the
siege in 1870. 1t consists of mater
ials unlike those now being used,
however, for it is made of French
rice ordinarily used for starch and
oat straw. The loaf was brought
to Germany as a keepsake by
German artilleryman and sent to
Bismarck on the latter's 80th birth
day.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-13
THEY GOT ONE TRENCH
The French Report Little Progress on
Battle Front.

Paris, April 13.-The French war
departments official statement given
out this afternoon says:
Between the sea and the AiSne
there is nothing to report except a
few artillery duels.
ITO the east of Berry-Au-Bac we
trench.
I'm the Argonne there were mining
operations and engagements of bomb
and grenade throwing between our
own and the enemy's trenches.
Between the Meuse and the Mo-
selle our forces succeeded at several
points in coming into contact with the
wire entanglements of the enemy's de-
fenSe.''
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-13
TASTED 81 DAYS.

Warsaw, Ind, April 1S.-James
Robinson is gradually taking on
weight again He lost 100 pounds
in fifty-seven days, and incidentally
set a new record for fasting in so
doing.
Robinson's trouble was that he
had no appetite. He simply could
not bear the sight of food. Finally
he was induced to take a glass OF
buttermilk, and he gradually re-
covered. He had dropped from $50
pounds to $50.
This upsets the theory of medical
science that fifty-five days is the
limit of mans endurance without
food.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-13

Ube coal mine in the SHIN moneski dis
trict.
Shin oneski is at the southwest eX-
tremity of the island of Hondo on the
strait separating Hondo from the IS
land of Kiushiu and connecting the
Inland sea with the Sea of Japan. 1t
was near Simoneski that the American
steamer Minnesota was reported to
have been aground yesterday.
Some of the richest coal fields in
the far east lie in the neighborhood
of Shimoneski and on the island of
kiuShiu, directly across the strait
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-13
COL. NELSON DIES
Veteran Editor SuccumbS to
Illness of Long Duration.
Gave Up Work Only About a
Month Ago.

Kansas City, Mo-, April 13.-Wil-
liam Rockhill Nelson. editor and own
er of the Kansas +v Star, died at
his home here this morning. Mr.. Mel
son, who was IA years old, had been
in ill health several months and had
been confined to his home since last
December. Uremic poisoning caused
his death, according to physicians
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-13
Last Link in Highway Finished.

Yuma, Ar1z., April 13.-CompIeting
tne last INK in the trans continental
highway from the Atlantic to los
Angeles and San Diego. the new bridge
across the Colorado river at Yuma has
been formally opened to the public
Inc Inc nridge cost the government $75,-
600 to construct.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-13
PUT UNDER ARREST.
President of St. Louis Board of Alder
men in Trouble.

St. Louis. April ia. H. Freder-
ick, president-elect of the board of al
dermen of St. Louis. was placed under
arrest today at the direction of Circuit
Attorney Harvey. The arrest was
made as a result of developments at
the grand jury investigation into
F'rederick's affairs. which began yes
terday.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-13
PIssterers Give Up Strike.

Chicago, April 13.-Three thousand
union plasterers. who have been on a
strike since March "a. returned to
work today after lockout had been
threatened BY the employers if the
strike order were not rescinded. The
plasterers called strike after lock-
out had been declared against union
fathers.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-13

: Mr.. Nelson took an active part in
the. management of the Star until
about month ago when his condition
took a turn for the worse fromSwhich
he never recovered. Until then mem
bers OF the Star staff gathered at his
bedside several times weekly for the
purpose of discussing with Mr.. Mel
son questions of editorial policy. At
fContfntied az, Page Two.I
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-13
SEA RUSHES IN
Collapse of Galleries i'm the Ube
Coal Mine
Causes the Death of 800 Miners
by Drowning.

Toxic, April 13.-Three hundred
persons are reported drowned in the
collapse of undersea galleries in the
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-13
KANSAS WAITING
FOR WARM sun
Government Crop Report, First
of Season, Optimistic.
1915 Spring Opens With EXcep-
tiOnal Conditions.
WHEAT WAS never BETTER
Most Favorable Reports From
Many Parts of State.
Alfalfa, Pastures and All Fruit,
Except Peach, Good.
WAS NEVER BETTER

The first weekly crop report for the
season which was issued from the local
weather office today shows that the
crop season of 1915 opens under ex-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1915-04-13

Weather Forecast for Kansas.
Generally fair tonight and Wednes-
day; moderate temperature
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-07-12
RURAL CREDITS.
(Peoria, Ill. Starr

The Woodruff Trust Co. of Joliet
ILL.,, has been making a speciality in
the last few years of a system of
credits TO farmers. This bank was
organized along the line OF the cele-
brated Credit Foncier of France,
which produced such remarkable re-
suits among the farmers Of France. In
an address delivered before the Texas
Bankers association recently by
George Woodruff, told some of the eX-
periences gained in three years.
Under the European system also
used in Joliet, mortgage banks are
permitted to organize from which
farmers can make loans for long pc
RODS of years \on the amortization
loan, the loans to be paid back to the
bank by making small annual or semi
annual payments. Such loan is not
renewed, but continues to run until
the semi-annual payments have clear
ed the farm OF debt Consequently
the farmer saves all renewal commits
sions and the attended expense of
bringing down his abstract and having
it examined every few years. Further
more, he Is relieved of all anxiety
as to whether he will be able to sue
cessfully negotiate renewals. In other
words a farmer will be able to borrow
say $1,000 for 20 years, with the
privilege of paying II off at intervals
and at "A reasonable rate of interest,
say six per cent. BY paying $43.26
semi-annually for 20 years the farmer
has completely wiped out his debt and
has been subjected TO very little incon-
venience in doing so. The play APP
pears to be an excellent one.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-07-12
WAKING UP CHINA.

Says Yuan Shi Kai, president OF the
Chinese republic. in a proclamation
setting forth Chinas position as re-
suit of 'her yielding TO Japan's de-
mands:
We are ashamed Of the humilia-
ton, but should we blame others while
we ourselves are at fault? Our own
weakness has invited the insult, and
feel that 1 am a man of little virtue
and ability. However" he adds. by
way of half-apology for the govern
ments action. we have no right TO
stake the existence Of a nation; there
fore we have to work out its salvation
with care"
There is such honest sincerity in
these words that they leave no doubt
Of China's humiliation. While Japan
seems not TO have actually gobbled
up Chinese territory or overthrow
Chinese autonomy. she has come so
near doing both that she has dealt
bitter blow TO the nations pride.
But in the very fact that China
keenly feels the indignity, and is
ashamed Of her weakness. there 10
hope for her 1t apears to be the
first time in China's long history OF
foreign domination and tyranny that
her people have felt such a sense of
political shame. 1t is evidence of a
new national spirit. When a nation
comes to realize that it is "of little
virtue and ability instead of whin-
ing, and confesses manfully that its
misfortunes are its own fault, there
is hope for II.
China must yet wipe out the shame.
not in blood, let us hope, but in peace
full rivalry, by means of the intellec-
tual, industrial and political progress
of which the nation is capable If hu-
initiation is a spur to such progr ess.
Japan. with the worst intentions, has
done China a great favor.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-07-12

A new type of merchantmen is soon
10 carry the American flag in the At
lanuc trade 1t is the Great Lakes
freighter. long and narrow with the
engine placed so far astern that when
the vessel is sailing light the bow
sticks up high in the air.
The interior OF these craft is wholly
given up 10 freight space, owing TO the
fact that they were built chiefly to
carry iron ore and coal. So long, low
and clear is the stretch Of deck space
amidships that in rough weather II is
impossible TO pass forward or aft
These freak ships will doubtless at
tract much interest abroad. Though
intended only for the lakes they are
said TO De adapted equally we'll to
ocean traffic. The Atlantic is seldom
Pougher than the Great Lakes are at
times storms. too. are not so sudden
and freakish at sea. and when there is
a hurricane the ship can run from II
as 1t cannot DO in the confined Lake
region.
This reinforcement Of our foreign
and coastwise fleet Is due TO the de-
cision OF the interstate commerce COM
mission. 10 the effect that IL is illegal
for the railroads 70 operate freight
lines on the lakes. SiXty-three OF the
largest steamers. many OF them capa-
bic OF carrying 1900 ton cargoes
must be got rid OF. a dozen or more
have already been sold 10 Atlantic
transportation companies. They will
be cut in two. TO enable them 10 pass
through the rocks OF the Welland ca
nal on their Journey TO the Atlantic
via the 81. Lawrence river.
The result is not expected 10 lower
freight rates on the Great Lakes
through increased competition. IL
may even bring higher rates. enabling
The independent boat owners 10 make
A better living than they have for some
years. The supply OF boats has eX-
seeded the demand. and the rates es-
tAbnshed By railroads that didn't have
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-07-12
MEN AS TREES WALKING.

The man in the Scriptures. who
had been blind from his birth, saw
men as trees walking" when his sight
was given him by a miracle.
Miss Tomsynna Carlyle. Pasadena
college student also blind from birth,
received her sight the other day by a
modern miracle of science After %
years of total darkness. vision came to
her from a two-minute surgical opera
ton. and when she turned TO look at
her mother for the first time. the
mothers features were meaningless
70 her"
She already knew the form of her
mothers face. as she knew other OBJ
jects from her sense of touch. But"
she says. Il know mother no better
n@a. for having seen her" She is
unable TO classify" such connie n
things as flowers. dogs. cats. shrubs.
chairs and tables The light waves
enter her eyes as they enter the eyes
OF others, Nand form images on the
retina. but that delicate sensitive film
OF nerve-ends is unframed. and the
brain has not yet learned 10 interpret
the sensations it receives. Everything
visible is jumbled together in a stranGe
blur. The world that was so familiar
10 the blind girl is all confusion TO the
girl who sees. Some colors please her
and others are repulsive. "Ohiects
moving swiftly brighten me" she says
and ia crossing streets I close my eyes
and then walk forward rejoicing in
my safety
She will learn. little BY little, TO
transform her startling aud chaotic
visual impressions into denaite. recog-
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-07-12
(Baltimore Ameriean.)

According 10 reports coming from
the peach regions OF western Mary
land, some OF the growers have been
thinning the fruit on the overloaded
trees, the purpose being 10 develop
the remaining fruit in size and quail
ity. This is a wise thing 10 do;
troublesome but we'll worth the
trouble When the thinning out
process is begun there should be no
scrimping. III only loo peaches are
left 10 a tree. unless the tree is I'M
usually large and vigorous, the crop
upon the whole will bring better re-
turns than from yield Of 500 peaches
10 the tree.
Ii is no uncommon thing for peach
trees 10 he so overloaded that the
fruit is stunted in size and inferior IN
quality. When a peach that ought 70
be as big as a small cocoanut rlpehs
at the size Of an English walnut there
is a miscarriage IN the fruit-growiEs
business that spells loss 70 the orch-
ardist In a full fruit year inferior
peaches Will not pay freightage- lhlh-
ming out the fruit a month oeIore
ripening time will not only improNe
the quality OF the fruit but save the
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-07-12
DO THE TAXPAYERS WANT CITY
TAXES RAISED 10 PERCENT.

Editor News-TlmeS:
This is the substance Of the petit
tions filed with the Board of Safety.
| notice someone has figured out that
the raises asked for amount to about
$4,000. The city's income from tax
es is about S275.0OO. The city's in
come from saloon licenses is gradually
decreasing. Then in order to eXpend
$50, 600 more, II would be necessary
to raise this amount by taxation,
which would mean increasing our tax
es over 10 per cent.
do not believe this is an oppor-
tune time to raise salaries OF city en-
ployes. None of our factories or other
corporations, such as the street car
company. are raising salaries. In fact.
some of our largest factories have
laid off over half OF their force and
of those who are working many are
putting in short hours, such as four
DAYS a week and eight hours a day.
and many have had their wages de-
creased from csc per hour TO i l-2c
per hour.
Last winter the city paid out sew
eral thousand dollars TO needy men
out Of work for doing work which 1t
was not necessary TO do at that time.
I thoroughly approved Of helping cut
these citizens. and n II is necessary TO
help them out next winter, l would
approve doing so.
am not opposed TO giving the
police officers and firemen a raise in
salary when business conditions i'm
prove and when other institutions be-
gin increasing wages. l believe that
salaries for fremen and policemen
are somewhat less in South Bend than
many other cities. ] believe II VIII
be soon enough to raise their salaries
when il can be done without raising
taxes or impairing the efficiency OF
other departments
IL is unfortunate for the fremen
that the policemen asked for raise
lust ar this time However. I do be-
heve that our policewoman is under
paid. When the office was created.
il was somewhat Of an experiment and
the salary was fixed at $50 per month.
Her work has now proven success
and she should be paid accordingly
I believe her salary is not in proper
tion 10 salary paid policemen which
is SIS per month for patrolmen and
more for higher officers She should
have $50 per month.
] am opposed 10 making a general
raise at this time and hope the city
council and other city officials VIII
turn II down for the present.
A TAXPAYER.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-07-12
THE REAL ISSUE.
(The Nation.)

William Allen Whites reply to Mr..
McHarg's appeal for a union of the
progressives with the republicans
makes what Horace Greeley was ac-
customed TO call mighty interestln
reading" And what makes ii SO in
teresting is not so much the snap that
Mr. White puts into his writing, but
the practical conclusion that IL nat
uraIfy suggests. "Our real issue is 10
beat the democrats" says Mr.. Mr.
Harg; and substantially that is all
he says, though he backs up his APP
peal with a quotation from Lincoln.
whose only relevance is that the words
"the real issue" occur in 1t. Mr..
White. however. has no use for this
issue; he absolutely refuses TO ac-
knowledge that the chief end Of
man is to lick the democrats and en-
Joy their offices forever" He does
admit that two million or more OF the
progressives have gone back to the re-
publican fold: but these were the men
who didn't really know why they we're
progressives The other two million,
who stood by the cOlOrs last autumn,
did know. They viii stay away. says
Mr.. White there is nothing whatever
in the republican party as at present
constituted that appeals TO them, and
they don't care whether the repuo-
licans whip the democrats or the
democrats whip the republicans IN
1916"
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-07-12
THE DELUGE OF laws.

Il had a count made not long ago
in the library Of congress" says Elihu
Root, "of the number of laws that had
been passed in five years ending on
Dec /. 1913. l found that more than
$4,000 laws had been passed by con-
gress and the state legislatures in this
country in that five years. and I
found that there had been reported
during that five years and published in
$50 volumes OF reports of the courts
more than $1,000 decisions OF courts
OF last resort in this country. Now,
not even Mr.. Choate knows them all
by heart How can YOU conduct your
business and keep out Of jail?"
How can any man. whether in bust
ness or not. keep out OF Jail, with those
SO. 600 laws and $4,000 court decisions
on his trail. reinforced by the hum
dreds Of thousands of laws and decis-
ions OF other years? Perhaps the rea-
son is the very fact limited at by Mr..
Root-that no human being can posi-
bly, keep track of them.
Anybody would think that the legal
pr, fession. in sheer despair at trying
TO keep up with legislation and court
decisions. would try to curb the out
put. limiting the scope of legislation
TO essential things, and reforming out
semi-legislative judicial system.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-07-12
THE sEANIAN's ACT.
wheeling Register

The LaFollette bill. or the so-called
Seaman's act, is causing this country
a good deal of trouble. 1t has in
volved us with about 20 other nations,
and is causing a lot of worry among
the ship owners. but it is generally be-
lieved we shall get along under the
measure until congress can amend it
or repeal ii, to suit the requirements
of shipping.
The bill was passed in the interest
of the seamen. 1t was believed that
something should be done for this
class OF men, who are largely without
friends. So Sen. LaFollette intro
duced a bill, which bears his name,
and il became a law of this country.
The law provides that a sailor upon
any ship in an American port may
demand half of the wages due him at
any time he desires; that a majority
of the crew of a foreign vessel shall
be able TO speak and understand the
language of the commanding officer;
that foreign sailors may not be arrest
ed in this country for desertion; that
veteran sailors must man each life
boat set afioat; that the ship owners
may not make advances of wages to
sailors in order to hold them in the
service, and otherwise the law looks
after the interests of the seaman.
American ship owners claim that
the law works a hardship upon them
and that II is practically impossible
for them TO operate their ships and live
up 10 the law. But that is not the
most serious feature Of the act The
fact is that If we enforce the law so
far as foreign nations are concerned,
we shall violate at least 20 treaties
which we have with countries upon
the subject So when the law be-
came operative the other day the gov
eminent at Washington had to abrO-
gate certain paragraphs of these
treaties by requesting the several
countries 10 consider such sections
null and void.
And right there arose another COM
plicatiOn. AS a rule a nation does not
abrogate one clause of a treaty with
out abrOgating all Of it, So ii remains
20 be seen whether these nations will
acquiesce in considering a section or
two of a treaty which they made in
good faith, as null and void. or
whether they will insist that the whole
treaty must be thrown overheard. If
they should take this latter position
ii will present a troublesome matter.
for il would leave us without treaties
upon other important subjects, with
several important nations.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-07-12
UNNEUTRAL RECRUITING.

rhe arrest in various parts of the
nited States OF Red Cross officers
who were recruiting soldiers for the
Montenegrin army is a gratifying evil
dence of the care with which our gov
eminent is enforcing neutrality 1t
would be an easy matter 10 wink at
such a mild infraction of our laws and
public policy as is involved in mus
tering few Montenegro immigrants
to reinforce King Nicholas tiny army.
But the principle the same as 1t
would be il We PERM ed English rep
resentatives 10 raise a big army here
for Great Britain.
A distinction is made between Mon
tenegro. England. Italy and certain
other nations on the one hand, and
Germany and France on the other.
These last two countries carry their
reservists on the military rolls at
home. and the announcement that
they have called those reservists to
the colors cannot be construed as "en-
listing men on American soil TO serve
in a foreign army" The nations of
the former group. not having such 4
reservist system. cannot recruit sol
diers here without acting in violation
Ct our penal code. and so much re-
c-uiting cannot be permitted he
enlisted men. it appears, are not held
responsible-it is the recruiting Off
GERS who are culpable In the present
case they may possibly get off easy
because they seem 10 have acted ig-
norantly. but henceforth there will be
no excuse for ignorance.