davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-12
kNOX TRUSTS WILSON.
sure President WIN Act "pRtri-
oicRiIy mud MiscI,."

plTTsRTPG. MAY li--phllandci &
kuoN. formerly secretary ~ state and
Attorney General. when asked to-day a.
mis- law Offices here FOR his opinion,
based on his knowledge o. International
relations. ~ the possible r,sul. for IN
Tinted states Of the torpcdong of the
lusitau,a. said
II have great confidence tho pIcsl.
dent Viii handle such interests as W.
have growing out Of the lusitan,a dis
astcr patriutically and wisely
As he spoke Mr.. Knox held tc,C-
gram asking u series OF questions,
answers to which, M Knox thinks,
would put him I'm the position OF antiC.-
niting what President Wilson viii ID,
or suggesting course Mr. kuoN in
dca'cd that he has no intention Of so
doing
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-12
LINERS MASTER DENOUNCED
Sp,c'ai cable Despatch 10 TINS suS

QuEENsTowN, May ll,--capt Tur-
ner's testimony N the inquest In Klnsale
has intensified the feeling Ecrc against
him and the tunard Line. The bitter
ness of the local feeling ~ partly trace
able TO the tunard Lines abandoning
this port ms a port of call, which was
ascribcd to capt, Turner's influence.
The hostility against Capt. Turner
personally IN quite venomous and the
fact of his survival Of the disaster IL re-
Garded locally AS an offence. Criticism
accusing him of mismanagement is fire.
Quent.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-12

WAsHINCToN, May Il.--Presiden.
wilson laid before his Cabinet to-day
tho Fundamentals Of the policy he will
pulsuo IN dealing with the destruction
Of American lives on the Lusitania and
other serious complaints which the
United States has against German op-
c.H'ous lu IN. war zone
The Cabinet discussed the policy FOR
three hours aud ~ the conclusion Of
Tho meeting members fell that the
curse which is 10 he followed by this
hovornmcnt had been decided upon.
1n.s ~ 4 general outline Of the policy
The President viii wait a short time
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-12
KESSLER MAY BECOME BRITON
Ninr Agent. saved. Threatens 10
Quit Uitcd states.
>p,ral Cnllr Dcsr1'ch 10 THr sr~

loNnoN. MAY ll.--'icorgc \ KcSS'er
'.r \ov Nurh Wine agent vino vas
one OF tho lus.lania SURVIVORS. writes
10 tho DdiiU TclcOrdph that Il tho United
States does not "Hc' promptly and I'm
manly manner hcc ming Americas
dignity" he viii he ashamed 10 cali him
self an American and forthwith will ap-
plv for citizenship IN a country which
Knows how tt protect It's honor
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-12
TREASON MUST PREVAIL" -
Gen. Nelson \. Niirs says War Way
he Last IN ut~tOr,.

Los ANGELES. cal. May ll.--Lieut-
Gen. Nelson \ Miles 4. : y. retired.
said in an interview published to-day
that in his opinion the Lusitania tragcdE
would he only one Of a series OF appall-
ing disasters due to the European war.
The war Itself he said. could he made
the last IN history by federation Of
rations working through 4 recognized
and uroperly supported tribunal OF arhl-
tratiun
with regard 10 the keen interest OF
the United states In the consequences
OF the Lusitania's destruction. Gen.
Miles said his lips were sealed by the
War department rules governing army
officers.
"A general demand Tor militaiism.' he
added. would lead us back 200 wears,
when the people at large had nothing 90
say rega riding peace or war Reason,
liberty and human rights must prevail
or they must degenerate
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-12

any other agencies than those OF force
and fear Of consequences.
III YOU do less than this, MI Presi-
dent. it II the judgment of the courier
Joiunui.- wholly uneXcited 10y recent
events and as responsive to- every sug-
gestion OF interna iional obligation and
national self-control - YOU can pos
sbly he-that your Administration VIII
b. imperilled. II may he. beyond tedemp-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-12

Here j. the German Foreign Offices
circular note regarding mistaken at
tscks 10y German submarines on COM
merce vessels OF neutral nations:
II The Imperial German Government
has naturally no intention of causing
10 I've attacked by submarines or air
craft such neutral ships Of commerce
in the zone of naval warfare tmore
definitely described in the German Adj
miralty's notice Of February ~ as have
been guilty OF no hostile act. ON the
contrary. the most definite instructions
have repeatedly been issued to German
war vessels to avoid attack on such
ships under all circumstances. Even
when such ships have contra band on
board they are dealt with by subma-
rines solely according to the rules OF
International law applying to prize war
fare.
-. should a neutral ship. neverthe-
less. come to harm through Germ n
submarines or aircraft on account OF
an unfortunate (word missing owing
20 difficulty IN translation) in the zone
Of naval warfare. the German Govern
meut will unreservedly recognize its
responsibility therefor. In such case
IL will express its regrets and afford
dam gcs without first lnstituting prize
court action.
Government. as soon as the sinking OF
neutral ship in the war zone Is as
crihed to German war vessels, to insti-
tute an immediate investigation into
the case II grounds "ppear thereby
70 he given for assumption OF such
hypothesis. the German navy places IT,
self in communication with :he inter-
ested neutral Government 50 that the
latter may also institute an investiga-
ton.
N the German Government IL thereby
convinced that the ship has been de-
stroycd 10y German war vessels, II viii
not delay in carrying out the proNi-
s'ons Of Paragraph 2 In ease the Ger
man Government, contrary To the view
point 81 the neutral government. is not
convinced by the result OF tine investi-
cation. the German Government has al
ready on several occasions declared H.
self ready to allow the question to be
decided by an international investigdt'
Ing commission, according to Chapter
~ the Hague Convention of October
i"n7. for the peaceful solution OF
Intern ,tlonal disputes
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-12
what World May ThinL

Already his sentence that nation
may he too proud to fight has been
cabIed to all parts 81 the world ana
with IT the Interpretation universally ac-
cepted here that it indicates a determine
ton on the Presidents part that the
United States shall not under any cir
cumstances he drawn into a war with
Germany.
The Presidents spec h had been the
subject for much unsatisfying thought
on the part Of persons here who are fol-
lowing the German crisis with the deep
est interest Many had been puzzled to
find possible basis for reconciling the
speech with the note sent to Germany in
answer to her war zone pronouncement,
In that note the President served notice
that We would hold the imperial Gov
eminent to strict accountability" for
the loss of American lives and ships
Intil the President this morning dis
claimed any direct application OF his
Philadelphia utterances to the I.usitans
crisis many failed to see how the policy
~ humanity first" could be reconciled
In a practical way with the threat that
the United states would hold Germany
To strict accountability"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-12

does not affect the Lusitania or Falaba
cases.
Previously the German Government
has declined TO accept any degree OF re-
sponsibiit! whatever FOR anything that
might happen to neutral vessels in her
o.called war zone" In her note Of
February 10 to the United states ~
.i.-; subject she specifically stated that
neutral vessels and neutral persons
would enter 1t entirely on tEeir own
responsibility and risk. and that Ger
many would accept no responsibility for
what might befall them or it's conse-
uuenccs
In the note received to-day. however.
she accepts responsibility for the suffer
ings of rcutral vessels in the war zone
" they are attacked while carrying no
contraband and promises to make
apology and pay damages in such cases
without prize court proceedings.
Under tire terms OF this note Germany
has virtually promised to make amends
for the Gulilght and Gushing cases pro-
vdcd she is willing to acknowledge that
a German submarine torpedoed the Gulf
light and that a German aeroplane
dropped BOMBS ON the Gushing.
Her note and the communication
handed IN los Ambassador BernStori
this morning make II clear that she still
stands by the policy affecting British
ships which cost the lives Of more than
100 Americans In the Lusitania disaster.
The chief danger OF conflict between
the two Governments, therefore, re-
mains. as the United states considers
that its rights have been clearly out
ragged IN the iusitanIa case, while Ger
. many already has disclaimed response
blitN for the deaths OF the Americans.
\ decided change OF general attitude
on the part Of Germany is noted IN
the communication sent by Ambassador
Gerard Germany has heretofore failed
to avail itself Of all opportunities given
her by the United states to adopt =
fee ~ tCle. but has ,rstead managed
To- he disagreeable To-day's note has
cunciliatory tone entirely lacking IN
previous communications
IL H. believed that the Foreign Ofict
has awakened To the boomerang aspects
81 the submarine policy and seeks tc
temper the effect 1t has had on the rest
OF the world. II Is observed that the
note was handed to Ambassador Gerard
on sunday afternoon and that 1t was
evidently hastily drawn after the Lust
tania horror. II is believed the note Wa.
written particularly Tor the benefit OF
the United states and in the hope thai
1t might serve 10 mDllify American opin'
ion and gain time 70. Germany
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-12

- -, ,-.,-.,, - - $500
ne, W, co",' NV "'S''"e JUS" VI ''' ""'
"'s ny "n "e', -,.,. .,,.,,,
ne ,'u'l'lt", was 'hen s'eei'rs aoo''
,'ue eas,, Sle"''',ns a"o"l elsh' '"l'es "''
nour' nyns u iarse american enS,s,
SIZE rec, ny ~ iee, me WIN" ""
a"oul So"','' aooul e's", nn'es un ~.
y" i"','' pei Soi,'lls oose'>eu ouI nae
was Sanu,hs ou' wei 'V '"e
Immediately ai,er seeing ,ne suonl'r' ll,
! wen. az an" Ho,'"e" ,"e ~" "
,anhe oacN ana went Oh ,ne o'iuse a'io
ne'ru t"e captain niahe ,ne reInarN 'na'
u must ne biitish submarine az the
patlol poats 'ooh no notice OF H. Hpout
;oV an explosion TOOK pace IN tne
''uinight OF the DUN Oh ,he s'ar
poW' sehulhs VAST QUANTITIES. vi "ateI
nRn III 'he ar, coming uo"n "" '"e
oildRe anu shutting eNerH'hlns Oh itoh
our view. AFTER the water cleared away
our snip hah SUNK by the neau so tha'
the sea was washing over the lore deck
ana the snip appeared 10 pe SINKING
boats Are Lowered.
Immediately after ! went ait to see
the boats ON my way saw one man
Overheard ON the stafpoard sac. Inc
water al that time was plack with OIL
Inc boats were lowered ana the crew got
INTO tnem without ueiaF OF uatnsGe.
AFTER ascettaitihs there was no one lei.
on poafu tne snip got III my ooat anu
we were picNeu up ny 'ne patroi VeSse'
laso anu were au''seo Wy Hei rev W
.t'Ne Tue S'ehe, We proVeeueu to""'u ~,
WARY = ou. tne ue"se Ios Ny" w"
y'ne on p'eteu.e" US se'''"s INV '"e
na'oor Una, night ----,- .-,,,
Anou, ~" W tne ,noIi'ihs loI.ow' ',s :
S'M .aLN' Anreu ,uu.e.' ,..s W. ",
wv 'u'''s",' wv ,,". ,, "
Wv ,oon' W Wv Dr. w W. 80
w WV - 81, ~"
',r ~ ,.,,i0 800 ,.,,i,, rhar
~ -, ~ ,,,,,
I'VE ~, w., Az, ~, ~. ho,s
~. -, T., ,na ,nor, h,,, na eli h.sor.
W. 49, III ,aror 81 AL,
'taS"eu n''" rue va ~, y" - ~
tt ,n III, H. aa,,,,J 20 ro,.i,s
rea, nIns ".r ueeN n see ~ " Wv
NV" SUI ~" .o' ,,,. ,,,,s
nau app' ,."',A ,,,'.a ,tI.
%,' , 80 80, !, ,o -. ~ ~ '"''"
Sam. VhtuL silence Owiuous.
The one ray OF encouragement tha'
! Administration officials nave had since
| the sinking OF the Lusltahla came TO-
/ day in the concessions which the Ger
man Government has made IN It's SUP
marine programme as affecting neutrais
| While these concessions do not anec'
directly the vital interests involved IN the
| l.usitania case. they were accepted by
! some as favorable signs.
! Others. however, regarded Germany''
/ silence on the l.usitania as ominous and
were inclined To- believe that she had
| deliberately set out 10 emphasize before
J the world the difference between the loss
of American life on an American vesse
! and IN. loss of American life on A Brit.
r,I.arar,s c,n,i,,sd ,o.J,v 70 nou,
IN upon the White House. Two as
sistant secretaries were engaged all day
! in sorting them, while the White House
was obliged 10 call for extra telegraph
operators Three wires were kept bus,
practically tie entire day receiving ths
messages.
So formidable is the Hood that ths
| White House force has almost beer
! swamped In fact at the close of I'M
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-12
speech Interpreted.

The President said that his state
ment that there H. such a thing as "A
nation being so right that II does not
need 10 convince others by force that 1t
- right was not put forward as an in
dICation OF the policy this Government
intends TO follow, but solely as gen
erality intended for the editication OF
the 1000 newly natura Lied citizens
whom he was addressing last night
He said that he voiced merely his
personal attitude on international rela-
tons and that he did not deem the
celebration at Philadelphia last night a
proper occasion on which to indicate
the policy to he adopted as result OF
tn. destruction OF the Lusitania
The Presidents disclaimer created the
greatest possible surprise i'm all quarters
here. for his speech last night had been
interpreted universally by his hearers
st Philadelphia as well as in official
and diplomatic circles here as "A con-
sclous intlmation OF the trend OF his
thoughts regarding our relations with
Germany.
II was REGARDED as exceedingly sur
pr~ing that the President could hav.
thought II possible that he might enur-
ciate general principle for interna-
tioual relations at such crisis as Mis-
without II being accepted as applying d.
rectly to the present situation
There was strong disposition on al
hands this morning TO regard the presl-
dents speech as unfortunate since he has
seen ~ To announce that IL was not In
tended TO apply directly to the German
situation.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-10-30
SHIFTING ARGENTINA'S TRADE
By Frederic ]. Haskin

TVER since the beginning of the
European war, much space and
- language have been devoted to
the opportunities in export trade
which that event opened to the United
States, especially in Latin America.
There has been much discussion of
ways ana means, of ships and banks
and statesmen. Now the war has been
going on for more than a year and
1t is interesting to glance at the score
and see just what we have done with
this much -heralded opportunity.
The Latin American countries near
to us are not worth considering as a
sample of what we can do in the eX-
port trade against fair competition.
For, although the fact is not generally
recognized, we have about as near a
monopoly on the trade in these coun-
tries as it is possible for modern ma
tion to get. over half of all the ex-
ports to the ten southern republics
nearest the United States are sent to
them from this country. and that is a
record which can scarcely be equaled.
In a commercial sense, the entire Ca
ribbean world is more truly tributary
to the United States than Is either
Canada or Australia to Great Britain.
What we have done in Argentina
however, is a fair test Of our ability,
because that country is at least as ac-
cessible from Europe as 1t is from the
United States
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-10-30
BOOKS AND MAGAZINES

Heart Songs and Heart Throbs.
Joe Mitchell Chapple, the we'll
known magazine writer and publisher,
has issued through the Chapple
Publishing Company, three extremely
interesting volumes devoted to treas
ured old songs, and gems of poetry
and prose which have appealed to the
hearts of thousands of Americans. A
few years ago the National Magazine,
controlled by Mr.. Chapple, offered
$4,000 in prizes for contributions of
selections from those authors and
poets whose works were nearest and
dearest to the individual tastes of the
contributors. The result was that ST.
900 offerings were sent in and tho
book, Heart Throbs," comprises the
choicest of these, bound in two vol
umes. Abraham Lincoln, Alfred
Tennyson, James Whitcomb Riley,
Daniel Webster, Horace Greeley. and
Robert Burns are but few of the
names of famous men responsible for
the gems of thought in these books.
The other book, Heart Songs"
was also the result of a universal
search for the old valued songs which
were scattered all over the country, in
the memories of many people Thou
sands contributed to the campaign and
Heart Songs" appeared containing
hundreds of old songs of every de-
scription. from the patriotic and war
song, the love song and lullaby
to sacred songs and light ballads
Southern contributions brought to
light stirring and plaintive melodies
that had swGyed the hearts of millions
during the dark days of the Lost
Cause, nor did the North forget songs
that We're sung with heartache and
fearful eyes, or cheered march and
bivouac.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-10-30
A PEACE ARMY

4
ment with regard to prepared
ness. sentiment which has for
months been steadily increasing, has
finally resulted in a definite plan for
building up the national defense in
the proposition set forth by Secretary
of War Garrison. approved by Presi-
dent Wilson. and undoubtedly in har-
mony with the expectations and ideas
OF those who believe that this country
should be first in war as well as first in
peace, if war be necessary, public
utterances of intense pacifists to the
contrary Notwithstanding.
A trained army of 100000 men,
composed of the regular army, militia
and a new organization to be known
as the "Continentals." which would
be the elimination of the summer
camp idea in an established, perma-
Annapolis is contemplated. The plan
of Secretary Garrison, while contain
ing nothing startling, is complete and
sane, and If carried out, as it ought
to be, IN spite of Mr.. Bryan's deter
mined statement that he will fight
Wilson on the question, will demon
strate the timely headwork of the
we'll balanced Secretary of War, who
is at least one of the present Cabinet
who hasn't missed fire at regular in
tervals.
The details of the plan provide for
Of man uhnoa carvirar
might be obtained for the national
defense:
Men to whom the regular army
service appeals.
Men who would be willing to give
brief periods for intensive instruction,
as during the summer months.
Men who are so engaged in industry
or business that they cannot give any
protracted periods to military service.
but who could devote a night or so
week.
For the first class a six-year term is
provided, two years of which are to be
spent with the colors and four years
on furlough. subject to a call to the
colors in case of war. The Cont
nentals." according to the plan, would
be young men serving a six-year
term, with two months out of every
twelve for the first three years in
actual field service and the last three
years of their enlistment on furlough.
Increased Federal support of the
National Guard would be another
feature of the plan, and very proper
one. because the National Guard for
years has been doing its work, quietly
and efficiently in the majority of cases,
without big flare of publicity. And
those in touch with the citizen-soldiery
know and appreciate the spirit which
has prompted the men in the National
Guard to continue. never wavering,
although the support has not always
been what was deserved.
The plan would seem to have all
the advantages of enforced military
service without the restrictions placed
upon the spirit of independence which
has characterized this government and
its people since the founding of the
republic Service is not compulsory.
but the responsibility of doing his
share in making his country safe
place in which to live is placed upon
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-10-30

A first glance at the figures which
are now available not only for 1914,
but for the first half Of 1915, is not
encouraging, for it shows that our
trade with Argentina has increased
very little. This, however, is explained
by the fact that Argentina had far less
than a normal trade to give anyone.
The disturbed conditions of ocean traf-
fic and international exchange, the
declarations of moratoriums and the
generally unsettled state, which pre-
vailed Immediately after the opening
of the great war and have continued
to some extent ever since, greatly re-
duced the buying power of all Latin
American countries. Thus during the
year 1914, the value of all imports into
Argentina decreased nearly 40 per
cent, and during the first half of 1915
they decreased over 80 per cent.
Therefore, the question is: Who lost
all this trade, aggregating over $780,
100000?
Warning Nations, Too
The returns on this commercial
struggle between nations showing that
during 1914 Germany lost $4,000, 900
worth of Argentine trade; the United
Kingdom, S37, 100000 worth, and the
United States S25,000.000. In a word.
all of the great commercial nations
were heavy losers. and none of them
Continued on Page 81
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-10-30
BRUNIBAUGH AND PENNYPACKER
[Philadelphia Record ]

1t was highly appropriate for Gov
ernor Brumbaugh and Ex-Governor
Pennypacker to take part in the cere-
monies attending the unveiling of the
monument erected in Lower Skippack
to the memory of Christopher Dock,
the lovable schoolmaster, who was a
pioneer in American pedagogy. Dock
was fine specimen of the Pennsylva-
MIA German, learned, but simple and
devout, and not unlike Pastorius, who
did so much to stamp his admira BILE
personality upon early Germantown.
In their literary labors, which have
done much to preserve for posterity
the emmory of those settlers of Penn
sylvania who came from Germany and
whose descendants form so large a
part of our population, Messrs. Brum-
baugh and Pennypacker have perform
ed an invaluable service worthy of the
best traditions of their forebears. They
are spiritual children of the Sauers.
whose work in Colonial days was so
distinguished and so creditable to
Pennsylvania
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-10-30

the score that it would mean the
building of long approach on Wal
nut street and that the placing of a
large open subway at State street and
the correction of the subway at Mar
ket street along the lines suggested by
the City Planning Commission will
obviate the necessity for the viaduct
now being urged by the Allison Hill
Association.
Mr.. Manning has made close study
of the zone covered by the territory
east of the Capitol and his conclu-
sions doubtless will have much to do
with the city's treatment of that sec
tion in harmony with the development
of the States program.
With rare tact and admirable busi-
ness judgment the Capitol Park EX-
tension Commission is nearing the end
of it's labors in taking over the prop
critics embraced in this zone. With a
few exceptions there has been no diff
flculty in reaching amicable settle
ments with the property owners and
the policy of the commission is to deal
fairly with all concerned