davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17
Alfalfa,

Alfalfa is rising in its lcguminous
glory until it is reaching the position
where it is regarded as the king OF
forage crops. And we'll may this be
so. Its first appearance in this coun-
try was In New York State. about
1921, but 1t was discarded because its
cultural needs were not understood.
1t was passed and forgotten for about
thirty years, when il again came into
the United States from Mexico by way
of Chilli. This time the seeds were
planted in the fertile soil of sunny
California where il found conditions
to it's liking. Alfalfa was RAPIDLY
adopted in the irrigated sections OF
the West as the staple hay crop since
it produced n greater tonnage of nutri-
tious hay than did the grasses then
grown. and because of its popularity
in the West, spasmodic attempts were
made in the East to establish it,
Many tried out few succeeded Its
requirements were almost unknown
and where stand was obtained il was
without effort on the part OF the
planter. But the value Of alfalfa was
too great to be kept in restricted
locality. Investigators sought and dis
covered Its cultural needs. and once
these became known, alfalfa spread
over the country from coast to coast
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17
WEEKLY COTTON REVIEW

NEW ORLEANS. May 1s.-The no.
itical situation governed the cotton
market last week. and under the un-
favorable developments that arose
prices we're % 10 33 points under the
close OF the preceding week In the
early part of the week the market
1T one time stood - to 81 points over
last weeks final quotations The close
was AT net loss Of 4 TO 8 points
There was n decided disposition on
the part OF nearly all brokers to even
up their books as much as possible in
order TO be ready to face any grave
complications which might arise from
inc present relations between this
country and Germany. In this respect
the market is much better than II was
las, summer when world politics sud :.
denly turned acutcly unfavorable
Very little attention was paid to
crop or weather news. II is quite gen
orally regarded that during this week
even the situation confronting the
Italian government may have a more
important bearing on the course o.,
prices than will crop reports
This week the trade will be bound
up in speculation concerning the prob
able import Of the reply to the United
States note TO Germany. Until the re-
ply is received the market is expected
to be subject TO narrow and nervous
fluctuations.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

The close relation between milk as
food and these bacteria is due to
the fact that these germs thrive and
multiply so rapidly in milk. A con-
Elimination of milk which is very slight
in the besimn.ng will, in 4 few hours,
under favorable conditions of tempera-
ture. reach such magnitude that
millions of these germs are introduced
into tho system of those using the
milk so contaminated Nearly all or
the changes which take place in milk
are caused by bacteria. Milk becomes
stale and gives an offensive odor he
cause of the work Of bacteria The
ripenina If cheese depends almost en-
tir"(y upon the work of bacteria
The great problem of handling milk.
therefore, is the control of the nac-
terra content; the exclusion OF undo
sirable kinds ana tho introduction Of
those which bring about changes that
arc desired
Milk from healthy cows is practi-
cally free from bacteria when Secretcd
The problem of a sanitary milk sup
ply, therefore, is to keep out all bac-
terra as far as IS possible. Some kinds
are much more dangoro''s than others.
and attention to excluding these kinds
should be III proportion to their sig
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17
SENTIMENT ON WHEAT
Is DISTINCTLY BEARI
Especial to The rimos.p,sr

Especial to The Times Dispatch
CHICAGO. May 16.-Sentiment1
wheat Is bcarish. Those who favor
short side OF this grain and who
now known to be bearlsh point ~
good promise for another bumper
In both the great belts. coupled yv;,1
lack of foreign buying for a we.,.
moro past. Another bearish innuo1
and most important one, liz tha
creased offerings by interior hold
The interior is releasing its grin on
surplus In country elevators as wclI
on the farms. and the best iudco.
conditions in the Chicago whea,
kct advance the opinion that tba
celpts OF wheat at primary MAJ,
viii not only continue liberal, but n
they arc likely to increase un]es. u
are restricted by unfavorable cro,
ports. up
The average man Of wheat :, :,
cago has made up his mind that
many unfavorable crop reports
pccially those Of sensational cb,
tcr--must not be swallowed withn,
grain Of allowance. The reports ~
Kansas. claiming that the losses IN y
tons OF the banner wheat State a,
country have been AS much az "a
cent. have been given only mom.n,
heed by the older wheat spori,, q,
one of the old time crop cxper,=
Chicago and man in whom tho -
places great confidence. says thar
condition OF the growing plant is ,,|
strong, and while there are MAN.
sects In scattered sections OF
Southwest. the losses will not bc :,
thihE Hike that claimed by some of
experts who have been sending IN
ports.
Speculation in wheat has been q,
rathcr moderate scale during the =
fortnight. as il has been confined M =
~ 20 professionals. The open inter
In the May future has doubtles. ~
greatly reduced. and IL is now bclin,
TO be rather small. Those who h
that future arc liquidatinE IL as ra NJ
as possible. while on the other h..
shorts arc covering.
Corn and oats have shown n,
losses and conditions point to furt,
recessions because OF the large s,o,
or both these grains In the visfbI.
well as at Chicago. coupled with
small demand from all interests =,
now said that the corn held In
gentina is conditioning. and thai
soon VIII BIO In readiness for shipm
TO the importing nations This !
head OF corn that was intended for
port In the United States, and n /,
prove a bearish factor. The oat. m
ket has also been without it's old II
friends. and with good crop prospe
still lower prices are likely.
II IL expected by the trade that
stocks OF provisions in Chicago ;
which will be made public to-morr
VIII show big holdings. There has b,
some demand for meats on Southern
count. and large sales have been m,
for foreign shipment. This will h
the general list sooner or later. but
situation seems TO be as slow as ey
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

apple tnnker on SrOtCh OF Tree.
with lime sulphur their fruit the past
season was badly attacked by scab
and that some orchardists were seri-
iously considering going back to Bor-
deauN mixture this year On the other
hand. it has been the writer's expert
ence that with varieties susceptible to
spray injury lime-sulphur is. on tho
whole. by far the most satisfactory
material
The question of the proper funCicide
TO use is by no means the only i'm
portant matter involved in efficient
orchard spraying. Insecticides are nee
essary and i, is both necessary and
convenient to use them in combinatio
with funCicides. New forms of both OF
these are constantly being recommend
ed and the orchardist is urged by manu-
facturers OF various proprietary COM
pounds to substitute these for the
materials already in use, on the ground
OF their greater efficiency, economy,
or ease Of use. Often these are placed
tested by their makers. under va riety
of conditions TO determine their effects
On the foliage and fruit in combina-
ton with materials which must be
used with them and disastrous results
are secured in the hands of the pur-
chasers. While n fairly settled policy
has been reached s TO the proper time
TO apply the various sprays or combi-
nations of sprays to secure the great
est efficiency there is still insufficient
data with regard to many points con-
nected with apple culture.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17
Utilize the wnste Places.

On many farms there are vast" cor
ners here and there that could we'll he
set to trees that would in the course of
a few years be source from which 10
get an occasional bean pole fence post
or other stick, and finally. II nut bear
ing trees were planted. fine lot OF
nuts would he produced the Eastwood
by the industry of the bees would fur
nish the table With the very incest OF
honey; or il, In the case Of the sugar
maple. sugar Of which there is none
equal it could be made: and during
all this time the trees would nc grow
ing into valuable wood or timber.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17
Soft-ShcIfed Eprs.

The usual cause of soft -shelled eggs
is that the bird is too fat. The mus
cular movement OF the oviduct is him
dered by layers of fat. and instead of
the egg being controlled by firm mus
cles. il merely slips through habby
mass without getting it's shell on. The
difficulty will vanish IL the birds are
made to scratch hard in clean. dry
straw litter for all their grain, and
the ration fed is not over-fatte tent mr..
Sprouted oats will be "A valuable food.
as they are less fatteninE than either
wheat or corn. In some cases II might
be advisable for 4 few days to omit
all mashcs, especially moist mashcs,
from the ration.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

pie living in that section to improve
their surroundings and beautify their
premises. 1t believes in the Value Of
Keeping up appearances and that there
Is profit in Identification which rural
communities arc not apt to appreciate.
This organization thinks there are
many rural homes that could be great :
~ improved in appearance by neatly
Kept lawns, attractive shrubs and we'll
cultivated gardens. and has como to
the conclusion that timely attention
given to details of this character by
the farmer would not only vastly i'm
prove the appearance of his place, but
stimulate his interest in the success OF
all his CROPS
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17
To Get Rid of Ants.

One of the most reliable ways of
poisoning ants is equal part of tartar
ernetic and sugar. Moisten this with
enough water to make into a syrup
and pour into shallow dishes In the
runways of the ants. They Will eat
very freely of this and as the poison
does not act quickly. IT is carried to
the burrows and fed to the larvae In
this way the old and young die to-
gcther. and large colony lis soon dis
posed of. In case the water dries out
OF the dish, more may be added. as
this mixture does not spoil.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17
VALUE OF THE SUNFL OVER

Sunfower seed is used for feeding
to birds and poultry and 20 some en-
tent for medicinal purposes to horses
and cattle. wcll-knOwn silaEe mix
ture is mixture OF sunfiower seeds
horse beans and corn in the proper
ton of two acres corn and beans 10
one-half acre of sunf1owers In Rus
STA tho oil OF the sunaower seed is
used for The same purposes as olive oil
The seed is also eaten raw and roasted
like peanuts. The yield OF seed varies
from 500 10 1000 pounds per acre and
the price from to 3 cents per pound
The seed yields from Is to 90 per cent
Oil cold -rcSSnro
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

nincance to health. /, is hardly nee
essary 10 say that cleanliness in Ill
operations is At the foundation of the
whole problem
Repeated tests have shown that
even when a COW is cleaned as thor
oush!y as possible. under stable con
ditions. PARTICLES OF dust will be thrown
of from her bcay during milking time,
and these get into the milk and con
,smirate IL cows should be kent
away from sources OF cohta mination
such as sink holes N which stagnant
water accumulates for such holes
breed enormous NUN be-s OF putretac-
Tive bacteria which are especially dan
ge-ous . infants, causing digestive
troubles There should be no places
in the bfrEyEyd 70! wate. 20 starHa:e
The manure should Dc kept gathered
W, and every effort made 70 keep the
COW free from coutamination
The COW should De thoroughly
cleaned preferably Immediately before
milk ing .i.E ialso we'll TO clip the
hair shL.:j around the :ianks and tIdder.
and always advisable 10 mo!stcn the
flank just befoy" milking All Of these
precautions tcnd 20 lessen the amour,
OF dust or loose hair which Will be
given of from The COW.
Keep Inc stable free from dust dur
ing milking Dust usually comes from
feed bedding or from hscezes which
collect dust OUTSIDE the stable ana
carry II inside The stable should be
constructed SO as 10 collect as little
dust as possible Corners should b..
avoided, uuuol@sssry timber should be
left out and nc surfaces should he
smoothed
There should be IN abundance %
light III the stable I.ich, rs ono of
the cheapest and best germicides
stables should hc whitewashcd ire
qucnt!y. Lime Itself has gcrmic!dal
value, and s, makes the stable lighter
Some dairymcu use chloride OF limo
in the whiteWash This assists i'm KIN
ing any form OF life with which II
comes in contact
4 special room should be nrov;dod
for weighing ana cooling me mix
This room should h, as remote from
the stable as is practicable and should
he clean and the air AS free from
dust as possible at all times Some
dairymeu have n spccial room in which
TO takc the COW for milking This
room j. kent frc.r from hac,nria tb,r
is possible i'm .hc general s,atl. This
is very good pian hur i, is no, a.
ways prac1icaule
The ui!k"r !s often IN. sourc. NJ
some Of the most Dangerous hac,cri,,
found III milk especially germs which
produce corttrious diseases W,ii,
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17
BrenkinE BrOody Fowls.

very frequently happens that
.nere are great many sitting hens.
, ,'. ETC that 1t is desirable to
purpose nothing exceeds tho s,,t ~
toned coop raised from the ground
.,at me AIR may circulate freely under
the hen when she Is placed I'm tho coon
DO not use harsh methods in break
ing up the hroody fowls. Remember
enht nroodiness is natures provision
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17
Shnde for the ChIck.

Shade is necessary for growing
chicks and adult fowls. Provide shade
ana shelter from the hot sun and
plenty OF places to run under in sud :
oeIl showers, quickly growing annual
vines VIII supply this shade II there
are no trees in the yards. For this
purpose the wild cucumber is very
good. But best Of all are the fruit
srees In the yards. for they serve n
double purpose. ="
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17
Weekly Bureau of In
formation for All Who
Till the Soil or Are In
terested in Making Homes
NO EXCUSE FOR DIRTY MILK

Bacteria are minute plants. They
are subject very largely to the laws Of
growth of larger plants. y large per-
centage of the diseases 10 which man
is subject are caused by the growth Of
these plants or germs; as. for example.
tuberculosis. typhoid fever, scarlet
fever. diphtheria. and the intestinal
troubles which cause such 4 large NOR
tality among babies. especially in large
cities.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17
To Extcrn,innte the EIr

All outhouses should be kept in clean
and sanitary condition; the garbage
can should be kept clean and covered .
horse manure should be taken out Of
stables at least twice Il week and scat
tered on the fields. The sprinkling of
small amount of borax in layers in
manure will prevent the flies from
breeding
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

To have YOUR COWS milk long. milk
them clean.
Uneven sailing and working make
strcaky outer.
To feed economically. cows should
he fed as individuals, not as n herd.
Cream that is being ripened should
be strained several times before it is
ready for churning
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

The soil required for sunf1owers is
about the same as hest suits corn II
II Is not fertile. liberal manurinG mus,
pe praC,iced. Prepare the land as for
corn Plant The seed two or three
inches deep in drills about three and
on"-half feet apart. using ten TO fifteen
pounds Of seed TO the acre When tho
plants are inches high, thin TO stand
- TO j. inches apart In the row. Tho
crop should bc given shallow. level
cultivation, the same as corn. IL with.
STANDS drouth well and is remarkably
Tree from insect pests and fungus dis
eases When the plants are in bloom
inc Held should be gone over and tho
excess blooms pulled Off. leaving only
three or four heads to develop
Tho sunfower heads should be har-
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

arc very tired, especially 4on grain.
1t is a great mistake for horse breed
ers to sacrifice quality for size.
One Of the most essential things TO
the prosperity OF Il new section is good
roads.
One reason 81 lot OF people fail in
the poultry business is because they
do not start ri:ht
The desired or standard color for
butter is that natural color usually
secured when fresh COWS are grazing
OF flush green pastures.
The slaughter Of young calves is one
OF III" serious phases of the problem
Of the maintenance of our country's
beef supply
1t is worth while to go over the
fences and walls carefully, making i'm
mcdiately any needed repairs. Fence
posts. loosened by the frosts, should
be made firm
Pigs can he weancd without check
in growth. but not on corn and water.
They must have good. rich protein
slop ana :. moderate amount OF corn.
The energetic fruit farmer will not
lot orchard pests rob him of any sleep.
There arc means of keeping most pests
under control
There is ample evidence 60 show that
borers shorten the life OF peach trees
iive TO ten years and greatly reduce
the productive capacity of the orchard
during its lifetime.
In France farmers were recently ex-
perin:enting with prolific potato from
Uruguay, which perpetuates itself with
roots left in the soil.
How cherries is the home without
trees about It, II is mystery how n
nam can make himself a home and sit
down seemingly contented, without
first planting out some trees for shade
and ornament
As soon as tho chicks are old enough
they should he taught to rocst out
side the breeders. upon perches placed
near the floor. Keep the doors we'll
covered with clean litter. Never use
sawuust.
Trees planted in blasted ground are
not so much subject TO dry weather
conditions. but grow vigorously
throughout prolonged drouths. This
rapid growth also causes fruit trees
To bear marketable crops from one TO
two years earlier.
All breeds and varieties of fowls
have some fowls that have much less
or much more viGor than the average
for its class. and may be expected 10
have offspring of like nature Select
breeders with care
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17
Rural Improvement.

A commercial club In Kentucky has
appropriated a sum Of money to be
given as prizes among the residents
Of a certain section OF the country for
the best kept lawns and the best dis
plays Of farm and garden products. The
idea of the club is 10 induce the peo-
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17
Burn Refuse In Orchnrdr.

Dead and diseased wood in the or
chard should be removed and burned
rs soon as possible. The Nebraska
College of Agriculture finds that II the
orchard IS kept clean of such refuse
the problems of insect and fungus con-
troll are much easier.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17
AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT
adons addrc to Timcs-ps
s" % %

vested before the seed is quite ripe in
order to avoid shattcrinE. When the
heads have thoroughly dried. the seeds
may he beaten out with n fail or some
simple apparatus
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17
FINANCIAL
TASK MIR. BOWMAN"

For information and rates to Califor-
MIA Expositions before making ar
rangements elsewhere. He can proba-
bly, save you money. Tickets by rail
or water to all points. Phone RAN
dolph 1857. SIS Z. Main ST.. Richmond,
Va
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

II is 4 great mistake for horse breed
ers to sacrifice quality for size
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17
BRIEF NOTES THOUGHT
OUT BY THE WAYSIDE

Don't fec6 YOUR horses when they
arc Very tired especially 1on grain.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

One Of the most essential things 4
the prosperity OF q new section is COCO
roads
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

One reason a lot OF people fail in
the poultry business is because they
do not start ri.ht
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

Trees plartcd in blasted ground are
not so much subject TO dry weather
conditions. but grow vigorously
throughout prolonged drouths. This
rapid growth also causes fruit trees
10 bear marketable crops from one TO
two years earlier.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

As soon as tho chicks are old enough
they should he taught to roCst out
side the breeders. upon perches placed
near the floor. Keep the doors we'll
covered with clean litter. Never use
sawuust.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

All breeds and varieties of fowls
have some fowls that have much less
or much more vEor than the average
for its class. and may be expected TO
have offspring of like nature. Select
brcedrrS with care
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

The desired or standard color for
butter is that natural color usually
secured when fresh COWS arc grazing
on flush green pastures.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

nincance TO health. 1t is hardly nee
essary 10 say that cleanliness in Ill
operations is n the foundation of the
whole problem
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

How cherries is the home without
trees about 1t. II is mystery how n
nam can make himself home and sit
down seemingly contented. without
first planting out some trees for shade
and ornament.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

In France farmers were recently ex.
perimenting with prolific potato from
Uruguay. which perpetuates itself with
roots left in the soil.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

The slaughter OF young calves is one
OF the serious phases of the problem
nj the maintenance of our country's
beef supply.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

1t ~ worth while TO go over the
fences and walls carefully, making i'm
mediately any needed repairs Fence
posts. loosened by the frosts, should
be made firm.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

There is ample evidence 20 show that
borers shorten the life OF peach trees
rve to ten years and greatly reduce
the productive capacity of the orchaid
during its lifetime.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-05-17

Pigs can he weancd without check
in growth. but not on corn and water.
They must have good. rich protein
slop ana :. moderate amount OF corn.