davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Decorah-posten og ved arnen., 1915-04-02
NOroribcr aQe llrens
Beoer ira Spitemet.
Smocr ! NlOoct fat lite
iorbliOc ont oct ret
bcbauOles.

Ger u : : : ben bersmtt eiooreuier en- &c,
noH0est ess ob'otut ,pirQer Va0sl,at s,ofs III At op,
leieS % tebs in Suue. llotu 5oriiel tyao be ialoes
slev bpor s6elRsasuos Be- e. Der CT : : : en- frat
ta % isasHoe Dlaat Der ul tuiuittalers be Hsfts GU
rer ut ouoinaoomas b~riuasuos Slimhiubtrue III At
u6ntae b,s'e Snaoomsipirtr eloest % aurtia uStaite
BEN Qltuncm ouoeU. y%auQsrHt. gjarsrue ~ Dtaper
iamt o~oelease BEN VtptrsH. 7u ,y 'oriiosu lie su
;ueits ,Forbeoriugi Dlsoiou Der uoser psHiesEoe
oUeraaar : : : Rtrurgi ~ en- Dtouuoerlil. msitsriig
Sio,riiab men ndar oct toHnrsr Tt At rsnis sIpeet.
oa iiaor : ; :. for 10 ielp 5uinoer at Spatr bar
'%rrrirtptt bet Tsrc3 Patisrttr PEG RE alto at bet
trS : : torol be o~osrtabtr eehauoIlussu til S9etR
enc "a oleHr. N,eu f~ornuttias e0asr bar 'ur rRuae
fibsH fatist at Der be peastabuie eeltaH0oele af :.
:. :. mar risie 9ngrebsuier Der I SpqoomstilfGloer
rar tqefda nsbpeuoiae Tor Stpost iom be u1rsnoe
@ltmsuttr At Rpru. Riso. 5sotoorer oa Butter bort
oaatGs Srso. e0asn sr ioH Rsasl human % ueO 400
ubboHrsGls. Gan bar i~aattaast oelbreoslsr Dc DGr'
We 1I'Vlorr al 9tooinaoorrme oeb Sruesn al ; :. :.
aufoi ,eaa en- State SIS hos botttsnionbst, MOO,
,bsisr Mootaa intet 5ubititut. Ga hniS eu suittr
be rettr Gaas roaeH ,Scrm at Bob pGoouraf. Ia
"TRIP I'll "plseital aSoiisr'. lhs = mi't . psefc Go.
l02 sp,ft gloa. atlanta. GA. Get pI pUre Del pGrb
llniuaeu
Decorah-posten og ved arnen., 1915-04-02
81 ON Sogmisiiomcm tilbi9lp

@oami5Iioneu CT life IPraer roeet
MT Aapu iblauot o5. Sen er not en-
al ne te@iisiiprsgreue iom er pore.
rem uor giloie men Oen bar aQereoe
puuoet Ell Tel @euuer. Gog er set
meger Iangt ira at oenuc u|eliiancbe
Ri5iious9ren er ruaet irem nj oeu al.
minNelige CpmcrtiombeO ION sen ion
,ieHer.
Ser tube pel life upuge5 mango
Cgo iorat D%aapiie 9ieoUenoigbeoeu ar
ll0breoelie AZ trlltelig Siteratur / bore
MORT ameritouite 6jsm. Sc ION bar
nogeu SnOiist paa octIe CmrnaOe RED
at Der io~reIigger en- Qil3iiousopgabe
al operntaa0e tor &ig,i8beO. ga On
oremisiiouen beaurote l europa bleo
BET en- az Sers 0o0eoopgaber at opta9e
aolvorier1irtiomheb "a ipreoe &l6Ier.
Seitamenter os CpbpggeIiesIiieraur I'D
blanot Solt "a oet bar Ell SiO 0u
Der oar ior6oIosUis lioet al 4bislUs=
ming og oerosIi8 2iteramr / @euigs
manos 0iem.
Meu er oenne 9}i5iiousopsape min
ors pistis ioas3 gu naar S~oitoogueu
paa bore Seru6aner buguer al aoiier
% Ragniirer iom igreoss no iii ee
miinOer AZ oicm Iisetit be hoerite on
iau.ilite Hnbngserhnlier paa Sroutiers
crneG
SauoheSea er. AZ ser aIoris bar
uIre. en- I'D oG Set odr iad baa,rq
net AZ oplage SeHue Observation-Disclosures
ION neiop mi.
SuuSt no. al 5lauSt SIaseue OF
glaIaiiusruc iom iIaoig itrsmmsr NJ
er Ser o4ial en- RGugoe Nirte6ldae OF
Cg6agItliesbIaoe TOM inner Rel III
mauee 0iem 81 Ret iiaI ri q
itisune meo @lGoe % sisrc porI 6eSs
ne for az iaa oisie @Iaoe uo6reet. @eu
Decorah-posten og ved arnen., 1915-04-02
Ira @cSensie &C.. u. Snf.

ga Set er mere al en- S~ieIoeu6eo at
le no9et / "Gecora6s %oiteu" ira nennc
aaut al @erpen, iaa piI jeg probere at
iPtte inmmeu uo9Ie Orb. 81 jeg er mi
iueen Sfribent, iaa ar roget iGroclc3
itorartet blir set life. Sioite Nurs Noe
ling a garlite bra, % EriIerre bar
gohe, ian at Sdrmerne CT nit %pelfore
neiet / iaa @taaoe. 6oao %eiret an
odur, iaa bar hi babt Ell ubnertet nm
@inter; Iirt foIpt al os til % iuo hor
hi baot uemsrtet SlGoefere, men pet
er bare %laaoaut Tom hi lifer, men idn
til 8iengj9lo er Der iad mango Sing.
lcm 6pnber Ter. Iom ri letteaitte Ii
fer. 9u bar bi foaet Sernbane / Wcz
Seu5ie 60. o9'aa, rentlig @reat Nor
tteru, iuu Set er letpinbr at to11rle III
1tarteoet M MOB fsr. bo Tarnerne
muutte tiere iii @iuiston, iom log 3
II Sage. Ru fan De 9iere 10 %enz
ser on Sdgeu. III hoiIteu SettelIe. %or
nRrmeite SD er @aIforb, lom alt Ell cn
t~rioeIia @n, itiert hen CT bare no9le
Waaneber qunlmel. Ser er 5da mango
S%orreminaer, at bpis jeg ifulbe regne
% alt, Iaa piloe bet tage mig III lan9t
uo paa Somnleren. ga, fdn'te SOFTEN
meb, os Bet Far ianoelia life ie9 81
Der til.
Serer ipGrt Sfrbt Itlinoom at Nrre>
anro lfal bGre en- ipGr Sb / ale Sem
ieenoer, men iee tror @alforo bar
baabe gueten os besse @nber al Sen.
Saa maa ies life elemunc at for
tGle, at jeg er en- at Nisie Sonbeta8es
Ifegere.
= "EoIten" for 26be Sebruar idu
lea en- fra @caensie 60, iom iors
talte, at ban pnr Yiebaeer, men Bet
tror lea CT noset NIT, iom gneboerne
er begpnbt meb. Seq for min Sci bar
life prepet het enpnn.
ollie Sina fan tribes Der. ga, Oct
ri9tig flnoer meb Melf % 9onnins,
men Seuter tuli life tribes Der. Set
er M iaIiuIo iieIbeu al ie Dem. ga,
Ell Tlabs fan vi Ie Dem, % set Ell !
9GnieiaIen, men iielpeu / airteu. Saa
tililut Ell penlig 1ilien til Soften" %
oens Yerionale og life at forglemme
beus mango Suiiro &Giere baabe Der
o. binIibes 6apet.
Sans 2ariou.
Decorah-posten og ved arnen., 1915-04-02
Nru De Smet, z. Cat.

Nu oa ics inbIenoer Detailing for
"Secora6 sYoItsn" fox tonmenoe aar
iaa bill ieg meo BET idmnte inN'enOe
noale fua &inier ira Sc Smet od lee
fielben euer aIOris fer no9et berifra.
@i far babt buap ri fan toloe nofIaa
itrena @inter men bar intet at tla9e
pbcr - iiGr mar hi Irier @eretnin9er
ira andre aanter.
gi iaar iige 1914 bra8te % ct gfios
belsaar, enbitisnt baabe Den rsoe oe
forte 8uit eiorbe tor Stuce paa @rss
Sen itrar ier ben bar mooen. Nf WaiS
% Boteter blep BET oeiaa bra.
Sarmerne berrunNt briper meb bpao
man .aIber "migeo farming" % 9isr
bet notiaa eobt.
Ior nGrmeite gp. Sc Snet. CT Ell
@p meb omtrins 1900 Snbbbeeere og
err en- tribeIis liSen gp / mango Sens
ieenber, men bar ct "Snbe" iom ell
fan iise er naiten en- Stam for baaoe
@pen % BEN omtrinsboenoe SeioItniug.
@i bnnber bos aIieeoel at beb nGlte
Ialg bill Walpriteteu blipe pad Sen
tsrre Sibe, os bore Ia Solooner inget
paa 9cr.
ga. MI maa iee flute for benne
Sang meb en- benlig Silien I'll ale
"Yoiten"s 2Giere.
Srnnn-
Decorah-posten og ved arnen., 1915-04-02

&un 0erreoaitgJe,5 on MIN QItns
baao5 &eQut bar jtl berueo ZEN SGre
o. @lnOc az brmgc en- bier.ellG Cat
nj Hpaoeluue aomileeu. oeu5 SUymuuS.
ze.retrr og Ntd3itrtr % DC dnoye Oh
yerc Tor Otu itort "a ultrc Case. oe
bar 6etruit oe SGtiiGe % Noolioenoe /
i'm 0iembnQo mco. Eet udr st odltey,
Susulu,i paa 0uuNreoeadr50aseu ior
glorges SrlbeS o. SeloitouSigleo. q:
~uSuauoreot &,i,euuGriuger bar ITuii
QlrrlQbeostuuter OG uiI bic / oauos
lima. ~ De cliier Sauo o. son. Gam.
riora is.ley oe Nleitereu5 &uo OH q,
hirlpe Sc imdu % ului.eIige. SeriCy
i.1l 2eres gdtye 0auoliH8 miuoe5 ial
!puge soft buaScr o. bor 9da &i.teuser
ne. On bierlelig Sat osida for Sem i0ul
uoi1ieuuem SiOerue itul upoe eoet al
@aueu. &c oil ~iittsrt meo oeulipe 81
.e!ier miuoe5 line Sreore o. Seilrc
9ld Den nu0eU Sioe al At,au,er5dgs!.
@ageu air o5 oqiad q Iegcuoc Seoi5
gau, at Dc oerborte i Arbsioets "a eli
Sets SanS. bpor intel IopIlg aropsdr-
belize urage5 eIler boIoeS Tor iiutpclt
- fan iTute iIort, INT o. PSeIl. Ter
Tor icuStr pi Zen, ollie por rrbsNile
0ilieu % Sat
&littHS S~ormGuNitGb one CitoGer
1911
s. !. Cpitno.
&lceoyNisrer.
Decorah-posten og ved arnen., 1915-04-02

Iauo, z. {. Simonieu (rstc @aIs
briS). 6dn hdpSe et Tibet @rocernitore.
Srart 1T ban ScteI og 9eieitalo. Sitcr
en- Sio iuIste ban alt til Y. .. &dlps
Tins. boorpad han iInttcoe til Solicit,
Mont, % er M ! @antforretnina Ser.
@r. 0ntutins uoIaaSc en bel Sci Sp-
tomter. Set edp @neu oeu3 Spiuina
% ba Ben er omaipet a. Ct mort Ndru'
ntltrtti, hdr Zen MI poret Ill en- onleIia
Sterrelie. meo 1 @roeerp'tore5. }
SmeoeihopS. ct i%eritetld2ieS 6oiel, J
8eltaurdnter, et Srisitore. Ell Sdnf
SIagteribop. Slourmele % en- aon9ree
eattonaI airte nleo TreltesdarN. SEQ
ma p9idd iortpIe, at ont M lhlloe
bIipc ing unocr sir CphoIo Der, er Sr.
u. e. @lact'ton oItiN I'll Siereitt. NorNs
mrnbeue er ogiaa reprGieuteret Der.
nemIi8 Sorerimior x Nit, @roeern
StorIt, SmeNeibop; oeorg Son0e,
@autcIcrf.
Sea ho0oc uGiten glcmr 9nens Nps
~beosbIaN, "}t6iarofec enterpriie". reois
geret % uo9ioet al MrS. 8. @ruulnoS,
Scr er mango uorite SettIere
Nrrhehen AZ Sl~biarofce, "a ale Ter III
til at giere 900 Sremifribt. Seq oil
nTUne lloole al Sc dIerierite SettIere.
ion1 tom her paa beu Sio, @uubet bIer
nnbuet for Getting, ior ca. 20 War
itheu. Nerit oil iea nGone Wartln Grs
tbun. 0on bar orepet Sddredul belle
SiSen; 5. @ite. s. SitrenL s. Crit
len. 9. 8. Hrtbur. Ole ea9cu, 9arl
@nrtaO, 8ep. ). g. Raoieu (iom ieQ
oil onttale liot ienercl, Nlert So6nlen.
&au3 SnIteu. Suer Sbomieu, Sobu
&c3lpoIo. Sohu Sonien og St. Z. 0aus
gan. guc oi5ie tog 6omciteao her oq
bar mi respectable Nurme. Neu. ). =,
Wiaoieu or9aniiereOe ell uor't= hltherli
@euisbeo blnnot bi5ie SoIf / 1895 oq
ppnuacoe ar Iuu en- Nirte bpgget. Nl
er set paataIe at bngge Ell anIeIlq
&irte / lelpe NbIdrofee, "a Der IlptteI
ino norite SoIt iii enbper Sio, oq
9lbIdrotee bill bIipe WeniqheoenS Wiots
bunft. SeG cuifer be bill fad 2pf.e men
liz Noretugenoe, % at Den Snit iom M
bier iig bIanOt bi5le SoIt, bill peopare.
0tnn taller p9ian ON at talpe IPr'tiIi
8reit til at betjeue oenne Wcniabeo,
huilfet oiIoe biioc CT tort 8ohe for %,
od her er meaet al tase bare paa. Hen.
@tuoIen bar beiient Menigbeoen / lang
Eio, uN ga ban bar 10 andre g(enighes
Ser iamt 2-3 YrGoiteplaoie, hdr han
alt, ban Tan tu9e &ure pau. Seq oil
tanite Ell aroen Sang ifripe liNt mere
ON Reuigheben.
9n lllntte bGn0te CT uorit Nanb her
om 9dgeu, nen1Ii9 y. &iggen iom poI
pda &eien ira Nbinrotee meo ct 2pe
2umber, % / @til ira bans 6jcm pGls
tepe 2G5iet, og &i89en blep liggenoc
utber Oct. 9eben bapoe ulerebe IND
t%rltfict. bu 6iGlp touL 0an eiterlacel
iig 0uitru p9 A @srn eiter Sigcnoe
gooc aaar. "Ooo Selloips" i%oreitor
@~esraoeIien. Heo. s. G. @tabieu Tor
retteoe / Sergehuiet. Sa Bette faur
bare NOT for benne Gang. 6ilien til
ale @Iabets 2Giere Iaa bel iom Ser
%ionaIe. Sc. 8. $.
Decorah-posten og ved arnen., 1915-04-02
IRA S6cueHne, y. Saf.

"a ser er mango. iom IRier SEQ
ruh Soiten~ uluo. Der. men ii9loeu. az
nogeu ~itriper 6erira, 0il isg 6eOe ON
Ylaos for igIgcnOe:
Shehenne er cU Then. men uiueIi1
gn beo 0ortheru Rueifc 9auen ! NOR
Ore eoob 60, g. Sat. guool 9pen
mao rel iige3 al bare bngget pud
SouS. 1871 ieg oos poaitnn. al Sors
r~etningerue CT grunSet paa alippeu.
Gette bar amer IN @runS: Ge eies
n1i1en ale AZ SfanSiuaoer. o. bisie
uoaisr Sen opergeienbe Gel al aaluz
oerne ira Creguen. Sbehenne er bel
/ ~fuloeite g}du. airternes gg. Ser er
10 lem. eaer az airte for 6per 100
SnObnggere. Ge!le iinISe bel Uare et
glGocliet Seau; men for mia Iunes
oet TIM ION Il AGrte paa fsilaglig
C%piannius o. !iOeH So~rSrageIigbeO
blunSt ~&riitsHioltet. Saa bar pi /
@ransHeIo Soipribip. 6 og @ @il peit
ior 8peu, ell norit (SOreneSe) % en-
ipcuit Girte, Get oar oa ~eeenrlia ON
@ranoHelo SeltIemeuiet iea oiloe iua
Sou AZ beretie I'M.
Ser e. buer eHeite Sarmer norit euer
ipcuit. Dog meit giorite. "a "3orpen
er e. Ssfenolaa" Tiger Sieieren. ca
tlG,fere So.t enc Socriieruc / @ranos
Decorah-posten og ved arnen., 1915-04-02
FRA Gaale Sin, g.lta., Gan.

9d iea fer, at Siber er n9iter roe
pda gIaoet, og ieg biz life mite BET for
nosen Gris, iaa ienoer ies 10 Solars.
Com Yr9mie snifer iee ben iioite Sa'
nriliel9sniug. Seq bill meo Set iamme
fort9ae bborlebes bet eaar heroppe III
/ benne &riaens SID. gi hsrer bare
giennem @labeue oeiaa, men bet Ter
notiaa eruiomt iib, eQer "rettere bgre5
eruiomt. Sa iaa l1nee Ri bar SoIba>
ter, iaa lpnge faar III bel &rig, pa
Iaa I9nge Erelterne Der for 8%rtgsnluge
ten ferit, fer De Der for Den frebelige
Snopaaner, lad I9nse bar hi bel ret
Slasteri. iom foresaar. Su ieg tror at
buis man baobe fuIgt mere SeIlS' fres
belize Qore. Iaa bdpoe III life bdpt
benne aria; men bet er uot ianSt, at
&em1eitene er be irsrite Nooopr, ion
iinbes paa Sorben. @i bar nj @aarz
peir, iaa Ri fan iuart beabnHe meb
Saaninsen bpno Sag hi bill. Sorre>
item bar hi life bapt togeu @iuter at
falbe for; Splitiu belle Sipen; SlGbee
fore | Sebrliur.
Sorreiten er fer bsbt og itine, rnba
tagen at hi bereoer o5 paa ct tort
SIae MOB Saloonen / Suli. 9aaber
paa Seir. Set bliper bbrt at lepe M
for Sioen, os prrit / gberne. Ser er
mango, iom CT flpttet llo paa 2anbet
alIerebe, % Here piI tomme. Ser cr
meaet 2ano, iom lieeer ubrust, iaa Ri
bar Elabs moi men Bet er life iaa
ligetil at begbnoe Sarmine nteO intet.
81 baaber paa en- COB Gplins, "a Sor>
ben CT / eob Stano os nGiten alt er
pIsiet ba hi bapSe ell FIN Seit ifior. ollie
bilIes. Sbom Monueberg.
Decorah-posten og ved arnen., 1915-04-02

% puttsrt er ser al bare bnaact iie ieIn
III 6iem fra @runOpolNcu al. Ga lea
nGrer inaen SpiI on. az Set CT manage
imuite ieoe Seuter / Bet iierne Gitcu.
iom bar Ell hemmellg YrngieI eiier at
.omme uo % aiere Yipet Iiot irNcre
for oisie cnsIise Sornere og taee Sci
/ bette 9%fnbnaeerlip. ION mango grtbler
ia arda i 0aaret al i en- olt for tios
liz TIber.
Ga buff - ior hueyt @dr Sc beuter,
blir Sc Ct Iar GIore. Meo iorbiuNt-
Iiaite 6iIieu forblioer lel
<uer Nlhuf
Decorah-posten og ved arnen., 1915-04-02
ara Sp,pncr, u. Saf.

Seq bill MI fonme og bebe om Blum
I Slooet for nogle Orb, ba bet er ida
iielben ieg fer noeet fra Soipner. Ssrit
fan ies ~iortGIe, at Soften" tummer
reselmGsiig. Seq bar III IGir ben /
"a aar 90 Tan life aopt bore Den for
uocn.
Soipnsr er GountDipSet / Ic6snrb
Co.. Ii9eer Il @iil fra @oule Hiper,
bpor ser er lin Stob, oe en- bel Sci
Sr9r er bIepen plantet i @pen be iioite
Iar, ida Ri fan talbe Den Ell natiire
ifjen 8p; ben bar NIT Gourtbis, ltort
mt Stolebus meo 9eilfoIe, bar eeet
@anoDerf ben @itp SOIL, 4 itore glepas
tors og life at iorgletnme 4 8irfer,
Den norlte airfe Ben ~ltsrlte.
@ouie @ioer Iisser iom iaet u @iI
fra @Den, bar mcget sob Stou % noget
Decorah-posten og ved arnen., 1915-04-02
Ira SpQin. Wipnt.

Set CT Irnec lihen iee bar itrebet til
Sores 9lob Sr. Nebafter, ON nosei
herira - ia BET CT mart Ell lougt Nor
iao beriom Sc life CT nltfor optot mel
artitler burbe tauife uogen Orb bGrt
pda i'm SLABS.
@el = hi err getting along prettt
gooo out 6ere foo" - hi HorIfe. g
eger irooig | Nutnl pan &rprieiletternC
Der / Moutaua. Set CT life iaa greit
at beqpube meo Inlet paa DC negne Bib
Der og bn trGn9es set tunlte al be
"barbp GorIcmen" tomnrer og brpSer
Geieu.
Sorlebeu tnIte ieg meo Ell al bore
1ioneerer Iom bar bPret her | 20 Nar.
Set er Ell 800 Ril belt herfro
ban boiatte Jig. &uuoet bapOe Sc bel
faaet irrigated" idd MI er De / ci
8oienIano. Meu fra ierit piloe ittl
@utiterne iPlge Sem Niab cuanng -
Be iroebe life set blep noaet al here's
Sarming IigepeI, os ha li9eiaa gooi
ipelte Dem lb meb set ianmle. Den
ibag er Stre9et beromItrlug @ontunaa
"@Sen".
SelofoleeIi9 fan man life ale Steber
"panoe" Zig, men Ser er Ell aienose
gierniu8 at tiltroDS SEN rinse NeNbsr
biI man aIligebel f~rembriuge gooe Nos
Iir9cr. 90 man man bar Irrt al
gribe Singen ret an ca punbet Iig lit.
oil not Be iom nj Lever unper baulteIigc
&aar engang bli @~eIitanDSfoIt. Set
er ION ct 2otalblao itren: @tanae al
pore oauiteIig itiIebe Gbomenter b0G=
Ter pna oct 2ano iom Iooer.
SmioIertiS er Mtasien al Surmer=
itnnoeu ar Sen b~erpgteoe o9 eienoom.
meIige alasie iom man bar git lao
mango prGsti8e Nnbne. Ser ~ititrre,
% iti9rer bare man tpnter pna Nnp=
meme - % ieg artnr 0u i~fienner Del
or je9 life ital usoes at ifrioe BET.
Saa mad ieg iortnIle Iiot ON 6lptz
ninSeu az ser norbre SfoIebus / bort
9iltritt hpor Sen file GpiioSe lloipiGcz
oe3 rnber ber SiIIieInin9 og @atte=
auttiou iom bIep a~rrdueeret til Suoz
trat ior StoIebuiet.
Su - ale Barn, u9riom s, bar
ionoenfor og ida bIep ma enir
ON ar ilniGe set IL Wil Inb.
@ten bette intte DC noroenior iig imof
% Ser bIsp Ell perita6el Snio buorun-
Der mau anueuOte inooauuc O~raitiite
Sing icnl Sa9ferere. % uaar Ser IT'D
bjaIp traf bIantt. Stemmer ca attie-
maioriret bar isnbenfor iaa De q Der
Tor / i'm gore Het til at ilptte 6uiet
Ga Ell Worgeu rrebte Sc oa op for al
lGgge Reier uneer og fjsre bct bort
gPer 3 al Sc melt &rigsInitre fra Yoro.
iioen nlsbte ogiua 90 iorbe0 Dem al
rotte Suiet.
Rnu If BOG finite SfoIebuiet / SreS
% iIoeu at Blob ituI6e flpbe. Yer
Siuoerc bar lat / 9og.
Som iaet fan Ser meo en- bis 8et
bIi iaat, al Rouiand mda haze et sobi
8eeuitpl al Seuter, ier Den biir Ill
Der Den Hal pRre 49, Ct biemligt Steo,
5oor man ieIer Jig rel.
Men Ser nlaa nonnres MOB nj biIoc
zig iuO al ait itadr i1roig OF 6ereot
liza Oct sr bare az t0rme foruem o.
buttenoe iom ben fine g~aIuute Iriuiesic
og tase SerlisbeSeu / 8eiiooeIie. Sei.
bet iom trRuees er ueiiomme. ipars
ionulelige. omiGutiourme ilittiae OF
hDatiae Seuier. Ser ieIp er bilig iii al
idge et H%ubuegerlsit o. ieRe lin RGS
I heuaiueH NiGrIiabeo i oe hnaroc Sagc
iom tnniie oil tomme III &c itolt ,ar
peae pda lt Qiem og lin @anrc OF iigt
uleo Sperbeui5niuaens Siiter6eo. al
Ner bar ui alt. ri TrGHser. Meu tori
Decorah-posten og ved arnen., 1915-04-02
Sra M6iarpfee, Muntana.

Sa ieg life bar ieet no9et / e0er5
9rebe 8Iao "Epiteu" fra beuue 9ant
at The Sreasure Glaze, bill ieg beoe
on Slabs for no9Ie Orb % ieube en-
Silien til Sl9gt % Senner.
Ibiarofee er en- lioen Sdnbsbp, 10
Gil fra g. g. H. q. ~belie9enoe / ben
patre og frustbare StiupatersGal %
bboraf Gourmet bar tit Nabr. @peu
~nnlagoes / Snret 1892 al Ell uorif
Decorah-posten og ved arnen., 1915-04-02
600 0elbreO
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N0rOi.

6n baIpt ipp Muno err
life pGrO holu Detailing.
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al Ell 0ddrIig Hrt.
Ferlmu'$ &Rroi /
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regne3. Zen iorebpgler
mango al Sc olminoeIige
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turrh. Grip, oen ON Edo.
rem alminOeliQe Sober o.
6eIeIie Al SrPtbeo.
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Iar Roo0 nj at goa baIpt
ma.
GnoeI 9Ieuleiter ioretrpffer
Ftrnma Sablettcr iremior iIo.
0ruoe Verlmu.
Decorah-posten og ved arnen., 1915-04-02

Eo~rtriuQcus 4dsieger er %nitoJ /
;. 8lmsUolN. Eortbtuoco. u. 2.
Decorah-posten og ved arnen., 1915-04-02

81. J. Spitno.
&iceoreisger.
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1915-10-01
,E JEWS IN THE 1BERIAN PENINSULA
By DR.. S. N. Deinard.


more precisely to the period of the
Roman wars with Judea, which
means long before those races that
constitute the principal stock of
the Spanish and Portuguese peoples
gained a foothold there. Vespasian,
and especially Hadrian, himself a
native of iberia, transported many
Jewish prisoners there. There is
legend that as result Of the Jew
ish revolt under Bar Kokhba, and
it's ruthless suppression by Hadrian,
$4,000 Jews were taken captive and
carried off to Spain. At any rate
there were large numbers of Jews
there during the later years Of the
Roman empire. Spain, after the
time of Hadrian, was full of their
colonies, says Gibbon.. Many must
have come with the legions of the
Caesars which carried their victori-
Gus arms into Gaul and IBERIA
Many more must have followed
these legions for purposes Of trade.
There were Jews in goodly numbers
there even in the time of the Apostle
Paul, since he tells us of his inten-
ton to journey and to proclaim his
new doctrine there, which he gen
orally did wherever there were Jew
ish communities and synagogues.
There are tangible evidences of
the antiquity of Jewish settlement in
Iberia. Jewish coins have been un-
earthed in ancient Tarraco (Tarra-
gona) on the northeastern coast of
Spain, while the tombstone with a
Latin inscription of Jewish girl
has been discovered at Adra,
southern seaport of Spain, dating
back to the third century. The city
of Granada was very early called
the city of Jews, as was also the
more ancient town of Tarragona. -
At a later time there were legends
current among the ews of Spain
which claimed still greater antiq-
uitv for their first settlement One
tradition told Of their immigration
after the destruction Of the Temple
by Nebuchadnezzar There were
families that even claimed descent
from the royal house Of David, and
the grave of Adoniram, Solomon's
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1915-10-01

Next to Palestine and Mesopotamia
the Iberian Peninsula, more partlc-
ularly that part of it known as
Spain, is the land in which the Jews
have had a most interesting and
checkered career. In it, as in the
other two Countries, the Jewish
spirit rose to it's noblest heights Of
achievement, and the material con-
dition of the Jews huctuated between
periods of great prosperity, dlstlnc-
ton, and power and periods of the
utmost helplessness, degradation,
and final ruin
To Spain the descriptive title of
"a land howingwith milk and honey"
could be as fttingly applied as to
Palestine. 1t has been we'll char
acterized as "the sunny land of wine
and song" The Iberian peninsula,
about 225,000 square miles in ex-
tent, separated from the rest of Eur
ope by the Pyrenees, and washed on
three and half sides by the waters
of the Atlantic and the Mediterra-
mean, is country of the greatest
variety of confguration, climate
and natural sources of wealth. 1t
has it's alpine, snow-capped noun
tains, it's rich valleys, it's forest-clad
hills, it's boundless plains and tracts
of level table-land. 1t has every
kind of climate found in the north
ern hemisphere except that of the
torrid zone. 1t has a greater wealth
of species of flora than any other
country in Europe. The vine, the
fg-tree, the olive, the pomegranate,
the orange and the almond, grow in
great profusion, and bear delicious
fruit No European country has so
great a variety of minerals in such
large amounts. 1t is rich in iron,
coal, and salt, while in silver, cop
per, lead and quicksilver, it heads
the list. Such is the land in which
the lot of a portion of Israel was
cast for about 400 years.
When Did Jews First Settle In
The Iberian Peninsula?
The first settlement of Jews in the
Iberian Peninsula can with certainty
be traced back to the Roman period,
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1915-10-01

tax-collector, was shown at Sagun-
tum, near the middle of the eastern
shore, though it would have been
difficult to explain how his re-
mains had been transferred there
from Palestine.
These legends, however, point to
another historical fact, namely, that
the kindred of Israel, the Phoeni
clans, and later the Carthaginians,
held sway there, long before the adj
vent of Rome's legions. Gades
probably the Grecianized form Of
the well-known Semitic name Ka-
deshD, modern Cadiz, and Tartes-
sus (probably the Biblical Tarshish)
in the South, and Tarraco in the
northeast, originated as Phoenician
maritime colonies, and were flourish
ing settlements as early as the
seventh century, B. c. Consequent
ly good deal of Phoenician blood
must have mingled with the native
Iberian. Carthage, the formidable
rival of Rome had gained ascend
ancy in Spain before the Punic
wars, and Carthaginian settlers and
soldiers freely mingled and inter-
married with the natives, Hannibal
himself married an Iberian woman.
New Carthage on the southeastern
Coast was for time the capital of
the country.
But during the Punic wars the
power of Carthage was broken by
Rome, and the Iberian peninsula,
like the rest of western Europe, was
gradually brought under Roman
CONTROL 1t was most likely after
that, that the immigration of Jews,
voluntary or forced, began. Their
condition under Roman sway was
the same as that of the Jews in
other Roman provinces. During the
entire duration of the Roman en-
pire, Judaism was recognized .reli-
gion, nay even religion exception
ally privileged. Under the emperor
Caracalla (211-217) the Jews be-
came Roman citizens, and as such
were entitled to all civil and politi-
cal rights, including the right to
hold public office. Their relations
with the natives as we'll as with the
Roman settlers and officials were of
a normal character. At least, moth
ing to the contrary is known. They
engaged in agriculture, in various
other industries and in commerce,
and prospered. Their internal or
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1915-10-01
When Did Jews First Settle 1r
The Iberian Peninsula?

The first settlement of Jews in the
Iberian Peninsula can with certainty
be traced back to the Roman period,