davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20

poses should keep the Item OF meat
production constantly in mind.
How many COWS there are in the
United States that are kept for milk
production. except for such figures as
are found In tho census tables. 10 un.
known; but It may be safely stated
that the number exceeds 20,0O0,00O,
and that the average cow does not give
q return Of exceeding $4,000 per year
for the labor invested and food con-
sumed.
with increasing land values and cost
Of labor and feed, such q return gives
little or no profit: and 1t 10 up to the
farmer-dairyman keeping average
cows to look into the matter and to
try to ind out why he IL working
without compensation II the average
dairy herd in. the United States pro-
duces just enough to induce its owner
OF keep on working, It 10 evident that
many cows are kert at q loss, and that
IL tho average production could be
raised q nice profit would result. 1t
is also evident that tho only way to
raise the average Is to improve the
method Of caring for the cattle and
also the cattle themselves. BY Inn
proving the methods, It is quite likely
that the better three-fourths Of the
cows would produce as much profit as
all now do, and the one-fourth now
kept at q dead loss might be sent to
the block without decreasing the out
put Of dairy products. The man who
milks cows merely for the pleasure he
rets ont of It, provided he can AFFORD
it, may confer . favor on humanity
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20

The soy beams also Known - japan
pea and Sofa bean. - one Of the lnany
good things that have come to US from
Asia. The writer first gIsw 1t In 1879.
BIZ: It's real worth and value hsve not
=. appreciated by IN uatil Within
I asst few years
a forage crop, especially for hogs.
st is exceptionally fine. For best re-
quits tn hogs should be turned on
ixhem about the time the bean in the
pod has reached its full size, and be-
Tore 1t begins to harden while tho
leaves are still green. The hogs will
nrst eat the leaves, then the remain
der Of the plant until there Is only the
hard stalk left.
| Soy beans require good preparation
Iof the soil. Slipshod methods usually
result in failure OF the crop. They
may either be sown broadcast at the
ieate Of bushel per acre or planted
IN rows and cultivated. The l---t
iplan gives best results. In purchasing
seed. buy only bright plump seed. the
.Eitality Of which is guaranteed.
! Soy bean hay is Of the finest and
mos. nutritious quality. When cut at
,the proper stage Of growth and we'll
cured. 1t is relished by all kinds OF
stock The beans in the pod should
he asout half or three-fourths grown
Mnen cut for hay. At that time the
HeaTcs ere still green and will not
EfeaGi, fail off in handling the hay.
sCut ;f e.. the dew is off and let lie
'urt the afternoon. Rake into win
ll. : ~ remain until the next after
neon Then put into tall cocks and
let .;'ea, q ere until they get quite
warn Then spread for q few hours
until cool and stack or put into the
barn
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20

The adoption Of . system OF rosa-
ton ordinarily depends upon the fol-
lowing factors:
(a) The type Of soil; (b) The loca-
ton regarding temperature and rain
fall: CO.. The market facilities; I'D
The farmers preference as to kind
Of crop and acreage Of cereal. grass
and cultivated crops to be grown;
(e) The fertility Il the soil.
Writing on the above subject. In
most instructive article. authorities
connected with tho University Of Wis
consin, have the following to say:
Due to the wide distribution of
sandy soils in this state, and the differ
ent conditions and sentiment in each
locality, 1t is impossible to recommend
a form Of rotation for universal
adoption. The one important fact,
however. that all sandy soils are low
In fertility and especially in nitrogen.
generally holds. For this reason the
acreage OF grasses, cereals, and cult
waited crops should be chosen with
this In mind, understanding thorough
ly that tho nitrogen supply will de-
pend on the growing and handling Of
legumes. In laying cut the land the
cultivated crops should be grown In
strips about 20 rods wide and alter
mated with strips of grass or grain
to prevent the sand from blowing.
On very poor sandy soil a, two year
Of soybeans or serradella al
with either corn or potatoes
should be followed until the soil is in
snch q condition that clover can be
grown successfully. In this system
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20
PoULTRY AND GARDEN

At one of the agricultural normal
school short courses in agriculture,
student gave the following answers 70
the question: What objects are to be
obtained in the study Of poultry and
garden?
Some Of the most essential points
necessary to raising and Keeping
chickens are:
!. Have good healthy fowls to be-
gin with.
2. OF a suitable age, not too old.
8. Keep the coops clean and free OF
vermin.
4. Give plenty of dust for dust
baths.
s. Have good food and measured
rations.
6. Dry mash must be given.
Z. Have two-thirds Of the food green
vegetables or grasE.
5. Have plenty of room for the
chickens.
8. Keep coops free Of cold drafts
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20
A NEED FOR DUAL PURPOSE cows

but does not show good judgment, and
the sooner such men can be induced
to change their methods, the better
It Will be for the whole dairy industry.
Improvement in conditions 10 neces-
owners are lethargic: but there II al
ways a progressive portion that Is
looking for better things, and this
portion will in time leaven the whole
mass. The main cause OF this lethargy
10 ignorance. Few men would Keep
Improbable cows II they knew which
were kept at loss; but they do not
test tho cows individually and SO can
not know.
All progress In dairy husbandry,
aside from improved methods Of car
ing for the cattle, mist depend upc !,
Improvement by selection and by
breeding. BY selection Of the best
cows, and breeding to the sons Of best
cows. in time a great Improvement
would be shown; but this process Is
too slow when there IL q quicker way.
That quicker way is to make use Of
the improved dairy breeds for the OBJ.
tanning OF bulls with which to mate
the selected COWS. An improved breed
Is one that u able to convert food In
to valuable products more profitably
than could the breed or breeds from
which II was derived. Also 1t must be
so thoroughly established that 1t will
breed true. The breed which should
be carefully bred to IL the one that
exoells in the profitable production Of
milk, butter. cheese and veal. and also
beef production.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20
Rabbits as OrchardPe ct,

In the sections Of the q. q whore
heavy SHOWS abound Ia wlneer. rAb.
bits, especially Jack rabbits. become
serious pest in young orchardA b.
girdling the trees Just shove the snow
line Various methods Of protecting
trees have been used with moro Or les
success, particularly that Of wrapping
the trees with thin sheets Of wood
made for the purpose. or the coilsd
wire wrappers.
The U. s. Department Of Aer4cul.
ture recommends the following wash
to be applied to the tree trunks with .
brush:
Unslaked lime, 30 pounds: flowers
Of sulphur, Is pounds; water. SO sal.
Ions.
"This wash has been used success-
fully" says Prof w. L. Burnett Of the
Colorado agricultural college. When
trees have been sirdled. the knawsd
surface must be covered at once, b..
fore the wind and sun have access .
the wound. The injured parts may DO
painted or covered with, grating Wal.
''As a rule. trees treated IN this
manner, in the spring will grow new
bark. In cases of severe girdlins. the
method Of bridge grating may b
used, this operation being simple
one for nurseyman familiar with the
process Of grating.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20

the entire crop Of soybeans or serra-
della should be plowed under to Eur
nish fertility for the succeeding crop.
thus losing the use Of the land for one
year. Experiments carried on show
that the succeeding corn or potato
crop will be large enough to pay for
this loss, besides leaving the soil more
fertile.
II clover can be grown successfully
either q three-year or four-year ro-
tation may be followed. These rota-
lions are planned to permit the seed
ing Of clover either with or without q
nurse-crop, but the best and most uni
form stand of clover can be secured
when seeded alone. For three-year
rotation, the field should be planted
to clover the first year, according to
directions for the growing Of medium
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20
CONTROL OF TOBACCO INSECTS
Attacked Nunbsr Of lnss
. Annual Loss-Sady and Care VIII
Control These Pests
ny J. JOHNSON

killing many insects which afo co0.
gregated and feeding upon thsss re-
lated host plants. Poloon bats are
made by mixing . stomach poison sueA
as Paris green with freshly cut clovsr
or bran mash ana scattering Il abo1e
the flelds for the insects TO feed upoo
in the absence Of other food.
Probably the most common, Il n0e
the most injurious insect pest OF TO-
bacco IN the horn OF tobacco WORM.
When the worms occur only In small
numbers they are frequently hsld IN
check, by hand picking during topptns
and succering. Sometimes Il y nsoes-
sary to resort to hand picking two or
three times to save the crop. J1ooks
Of turkeys and guinea hens In the dsads
sometimes serve to hold the insects
in check. Spraying with arsenats Of
lead, at the rate OF or 3 pounds
Of the poison to 50 gallons Of water.
is a satisfactory method OF conefol.
The cost Is not great - the poison
can be bought At Is to 20 cents .
pound and cheaper In large quantitisA
One man with q knapsack or COM
pressed afr sprayer should bo able to
apply the mixture to abo1t two acfse
Of tobacco q day.
Cutworms are frequently . serious
pest to tobacco as we'll - to large
number Of other planes The work o.
transplantlng 10 soGsstimss douoIsd
as q result Of this INSECT 1oedtnE upon
the newly ct plsnta. bsstdss causing
a number Of indirect losses t11srefrom.
Tho insect moro usually IL in3Haons
by cutting OF the plant Just 1t the
surface Of the ground. but eoDse1mes
climbs the stem Of Tho plant aud fesds
upon the bud and young leaves.
Cutworms are most lilne6 to b m
hrious to tobacco or other cufavaaed
crops when grown aftDr sod or caover.
For this reason special precoue1onS
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20
Bee. Broke the Trees :
w. collinwood. Of tho

w. Collinwood, Of tho Rural
4 Yorker, says: I'VE can easily
& .e the bee his short working days
WIEN we consider the good he does.
There is no question about the debt
fruit growers owe him. Pee pie talk
hbout the wind and other insects In
tertilizing our flowers; but am con-
fident that any man who will really
take the time and pains to investigate
Tor himself will see that the bee Is
nearly the whole story. have seen
hhe certain results Of his good work
In neighbours orchard. Those bees
i"broke the trees down Just az truly
Ias though they had climbed on the
trees by the million and pulled at
them. The appearance of those trees
after few years Of bee keeping would
have convinced any fair-minded man
that our little buzzing friends are true
partners Of the fruit grower"
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20
mRAYrHn y,AOra.

In an orchard near Columbia. MO,
100 trees were sprayed By the Missouri
Experiment station and the owner
said in a public meeting that e.picked
more marketable apples from thesD
100 trees than from the remaining
$500 that were not sprayed.
Tho fact Is that after tho disease
and insects have become serious. a.
they were in the case Just mentioned.
1t Is practically impossible to make an
orchard business pay without spray
ing. Thus the business Of fruit grow.
Ing In a great many cases absolutsly
depends upon spraying.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20
ROCKETS IN YOUNG PIGS.

Pigs affected with ricketts, can sell
dom be probably treated. Proven
ton Is to be sought by avoiding the
causes mentioned. maintaining sani-
tary conditions about the hogs, pro-
viding adequate supplies Of various
foods rich In all the requisites OF a
perfectly nourished animal. and OBJ
Waiting degeneracy by careful selec-
ton Of robust sows and timely infu-
sion Of fresh blood.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20

territory. This plant has been grown
in Florida and other southern states
for number Of years. It is rank
growing grass, the vines often grow.
ing fifteen or more feet in length un-
der favorable conditions. The SEED
can DO broadcasted or planted In
rows, but best results will be OBJ
tanned when planted In rows and Gull
tivated. The rows should be or s
feet apart and tho hills : to : fest
apart in the rows. Plant about ;
beans to the hill
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20
WRONG FEEDING.

An Illinois farmer writes that his
sows last fall produced litters. some
Of which were almost entirely without
q hair and wants to know the remedy.
The sows were probably not properly
fed during the period Of CESSATION.
We have known Of cases where pigs
were born hairless where the only
rations given to the sows was corn
and too much of it. Ground oats.
cut alfalfa and tankage with a very
moderate amount of corn will produce
sound pigs.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20

The tobacco plant IL attacked to an
Injurious extent by large number Of
different kinds Of insects. The insects
which ordinarily cause the growers
the greatest concern are the horn
worms tobacco worms), cutworms
and grasshoppers. or minor import
ance, in that they occur only rarely
and do less damage, are the Jf,ea
beetles, white grubs and wireworms
These insects are not limited to to-
bacco, but may occur upon number
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20

When 1870 of Green Glover was
Mixed with the Soil (Jar p or 5000
(Jar A., and the Whole Sterllized,
Termination Was as Good as Where
No Green Manure Was Added (Jar ~ !.
However, When 1850 <Jar 81 or 5000
(Jar s. of Green Clover Was Added,
and Normal Decomposition Allowed to
Go On, termination Was Prevented.
a similar field planted with the same
seed, but which had not been green
MANFRED, normal termination oc-
CURED. A careful study was at once
begun, tests being made In pots in q
greenhouse, with the following results:
It has been found that the decomposi-
tioa OF clover somehow affects cotton
seeds, but does not have any material
effect on the termination Of corn and
wheat. On flax similar detrimental
effect to that produced on cotton. was
found. The results indicate that the
decomposition of green manure re-
suits In a reduction Of the oxygen
supply and an increase in the carbon
dioxide present in the soil atmosphere.
It is that, that this change In the
gaseous content of the soil prevents
the termination Of cotton and flax
seed, which contain a high percentage
of oil, and so require more oxygen for
termination than such seeds as corn
and wheat.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20
The Farm Name.

The first farm name registration
law enacted by any state was intro
duced in the Missouri legislature OF
1907 by the present assistant secre-
tary of the Missouri State Board OF
Agriculture. More than dozen
states now have such a law. In
Missouri registration is made with the
county clerk.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20

or MANN 9th clover. The second year
the first crop Of clover can be har-
vested while the second should be
turned under to furnish nitrogen and
humus for the succeeding cultivated
crop. If corn is grown the third year,
soybeans may be planted with the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20

No farm home OF any pretensions
should be without a pressure water
uystem. Neither should any farm Of
forty acres or more be without power
to shred fodder. cut silage, grind feed,
saw wood and do many other jobs.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20
work Of Borers in oak Bark.

disclosed the fact that borers had
been at work In the freely and these
insects were doubtless the direct cause
Of the death Of these fine trees.
The larger galleries found UNDER
meath the bark Of the trees were made
by the common flat-headed borer, and
the smaller ones by the two-lined
chestnut borer. Both kinds of larvae
were present in the burrows.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20
MANY Oak Trees
Killed ty Borers

Last year in sections Of the eastern
states many oak trees - some white
oak. some chestnut oak. and a few
black oak-died and from apparently
no cause, except perhaps season Of
drought. Examination Of the bark
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20

One Of tho most important things to
observe in starting an orchard. and in
handling trees, IL to keep the roots
xfom drying out
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20

The ease with which chicken raising
can be combined with other lines OF
farming, the quick returns that come
from poultry, makes 1t an industry
that appeals to everyone.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20
Poultry Feeding Hint.

Young onions chopped flne is,a drsS
rate diet for young chickens end tuF.
key poults. When possible. little
should be shredded In all the meals
until the birds are six weeks Old.
Milk spreads itself over all the good
feeding qualities, but like turnlps and
potatoes, It has q very high percentage
Of water and low one Of organic
matter. However, II II the hest d.
gestive Of all the foods and the best
for ailing fowls.
have come to the conclusion, after
a fairly long experience, that there 10
no grain 80 profitable for night feeding
as corn (whole). 1t keeps the crop
full and the heat OF the body up dur.
ing the long winter better than other
foods. II it is crushed it u digeste1
too tast.-W. \. 9iiDert. -.sas1S'
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20

good LOCATION for the orchard
helps greatly In lessening the danger
from late frosts in spring.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20

Prepare to spray the orchard wen,
this spring. Good fruit is not likely
to result from an unsprayed orchard.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20

Pullet eggs do not hatch ~ well .
hen eggs.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20
THE USE OF LEGUMIN0US CROPS
The Campaign wased
Better Farming by the Of
Not Been Without Its Reward.
BY T. PARKER

latfon II needed. Soil from . field that
has the bacteria or culture for SOY
beans can be used.
The Velvet Bean.
Tho velvet bean is an important
crop for the purpose Of soil improve
ment especially In cotton growing
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-04-20
The Toa,aooo CT WasH1, A011
LGvae.oud, HDBA

should be taken whom preparing sd
or clover land for tobacco. Doal pSoW.
ing should. Of course, b ysocssce6
being careful to cover up a vs9seAe
ton. Many growers pt1fef 1oee
planting when cutworm9 ars.soepoceed
to an Injurious extent, and this pro.
caution together with the poa1oned
bats are recommended for th1s puf.
pose.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-11-11
SAVES DAUGHTER / ]. !! |
Advice q Mother no Doubt Pro.
vent. Daughter Un6nely End.

Ready, Ky.-"l was NOT able TO do
anything for nearly six months" writes
Mrs. Laura Bratcher, OF this place, stand
was down Id bed for three months.
4 I cannot ten you how suffered with
my head, and with nervousness and
womanly troubles.
Our family doctor told my husband he
could not do me any good, and he had
to give itsup. We tried another doctor,
but he did not help me.
AT last, my mother advised me 10 take
Cardni, the woman's tonic. l thought
u was no use for ] was nearly dead and
nothing seemed to do me any good. BID
ltook eleven bottles, and now j am able
to DO all OF my work and my OWL
washing.
think Cardu Is the best medicine 10
the world. My weight has increased.
and ] look the picture Of health. !"
lfiyou suffer from any Of the ailments
peculiar to women, get q bottle OF Cardii
iod1y: Delay Is dangerous. We know
q viii help you, fof Il has Helped so
many thousands OF other weak Wonie1
lathe past SO yeaf1. & 4,
alldnggisss.
y nsasts. chassansesa ifstseins o., 1sdiest
Advitosya popt, chsttandogA, Tenn, ifoI Steeief
tzsfy,.effsNs pn your e1zs and 4fp4Ee bpokt Hong
se1tne1t IL Wecs1ts b sfkppss. A.9s I'D
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-11-11
BRElAl UP BRONCHIAL COUGHS,
GROUP AND COLDS PROMPTLY
REMEDY reapoonfu for 50 cens

Don neglect your first cold. cough
or any Bronchial affection. this fall,
but Commence treatment Immediately
md through using the proper medi-
cine, 1t can be checked from the very
Ftart and promptly cured. but II
neglected probably will hang on ali
Wthter: Il It. does not develop into
something more serious. such as
Pneumonia or Consumption. True,
there are hundreds. yet thousands Of
cough remedies on the market. While
some are good. there: are many which
ates not, but are positively harmful.
due to the narcotics which they con-
tain. But why experiment with these
different remedies purely on the
strength perhaps OF some testimonials
Eor on the exaggerated claims Of
manufacturers. when Schniffmann.s
New Concentrated Expectorant is
sold BY Wells-Haymaker Co.'s, drug
store. on such a positive guarantee to
give perfect satisfaction, yes even
mcre-mone will be refunded by
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-11-11

them lift is not found the best rome
dy ever used in Severe Coughs, Colds,
Whoopings Cough or Group. ana II
win also be found excellent for
Bronchial Asthma and Bronchitis.
Besides these druggists guaranteeing
that II will be the best remedy ever
used IT will likewise be found the
most economical. because one bottle
$50 cents worth) makes full pint
ll2S tsasDo onful) Of the most excel
lent medicine for any OF the above
affections. when mixed at home with
one pint Of graduated sugar and
one-halt pint ofiwater. It makes as
muck OF more, than, would cost you
Sc to So Of almost any OF the ordin-
airy readymade kinds. sold In bottles
holding only 245to 80 teagpoon.uls
You will be The sole Judge yourself
and under the same positively
Money Back" guarantee which the
druggists make for the famous Asth-
mador. Absolutely no risk Is run In
buying this Observation-Disclosures.