davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-05-17
\ Singular NIistake

That was singular mistake whlcn musical weekly publication, one Of the best and most influential of them all, made in sketch of Frederick A. Stock the other day. said a, man who takes interest in music and musicians.
 MT. Stock eas everybody who keeps up with musical affairs knows. is the conductor of the Chicago orcheSha. The periodical referred to publishes | fine picture of Mir. Stock and under it a brief story.
 Tn two places Mr. Stock is referred to as concertmaster of the orchestra at the time of Theodore Thomas death Mir Stock never was concertmaster; never at any time played first violin in the orches- tra. Soon after he had completed his studies at the Cologne conservatory he was admitted into membership of large orchestra in Berlin, but before he had begun work there he met MT. Thomas. who happened to be in Europe, and closed an engagement with him as viola player in his Chicago orchestra. In a bio graphical dictionary which l have just consulted MT. Stock Is mentioned only as viola player in the Thomas orches- tro. But my recollection is that when Thomas was in Birmingham the last time MT. Stock was one of the second violin players; but may be mistaken. He was subconductor under Thomas and conduct ed the orchestra in accompaniments to vocal soloists.
 Another surprising thing in the ar ticie referred to Is the sighting way the writer referred to the concertma ster- a comparatively humble position of com the fact is the violin list who holds that position is next in im- portance to the conductor himself
 T had the pleasure of meeting MT.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-05-17

Although the jitney bus is becoming
 popular-throughout the United States, it
 has made much greater headway in Eu-
 rope, declares the Saturday Evening
 Post. London motor busses carried 734,-
 coo 0od passengers in 1913. Taxcabs are
 plentiful in all the principal European cities and are much cheaper than in America In the cities of the
 United States taxicab charges con tinue exorbtant and the jitney bus, despite its rapid growth, is still negli-
 ga soline driven traffic is small, but it is even less in Chicago, Philadelphia and
 Boston where the jtney and the motor bus have met with little encouragement. Yet observers seem to think, that the jit- ney bus has come to stay, and It's future development will depend on the manufac- ture of aN8utable car as well as so- luton of operating problems. The two- deck busses used in Europe are not pop ular here, for some reason rather hard to explain. Larger types of passenger cars are being adopted by jitney companies.
 but most of the cars used now are not large enough, while the wear and tear on pneumatic tires is an expensive factor. Solid tires on these vehicles would in crease profits and would be practicable on smooth streets American automobile manufacturers have hot devoted much attention, apparently, to the needs of the iitney bus, but when the business be- comes better organized they will doubtless provide the kind of car that is needed.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-05-17

It would be a positive relief for the ltal- ians no doubt if vesuvius would ex- press their feelings by violent erup- tiOn
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-05-17

One thing is certain. The dove Of peace is reasonably safe in China. even If its presence there does not make Tor na- tonal pride
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-05-17

The Mauretania's sailing date was can celled because there were not a suffi- cent number of passengers booked. About all the Americans willing to take a "sporting chance" have taken it.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-05-17
Historic Incident Recalled

People at all familiar with the his. tory of the Civil war will recall that in December, 1862, the Confederate ship Of manding, captured the United States mer- chant steamer Ariel off the east end of Cuba said Confederate veteran.
 "The Ariel was bound from New York for the Isthmus of Panama, loaded with merchandise. over 300 women, children and other noncombatants and battalion of United States Marines fully armed and equipped. The ship and cargo belonged to the enemy of the Confederate States, and officers. passengers and United States soldiers aboard each had a goodly sum of money also lawful prize.
 "The officials and newspapers of the United States had denounced Captain Semrnes as a pirate. What did he do with the Ariel?
 First, he disarmed and paroled off cers and men of the battalion of ma rines. He then detained the ship some days, hoping that larger ship would heave in sight in which he could send the soldiers, men, women and children to a port of safety. No such ship ap- peared, and he released the Ariel, which sailed at once to its destined port Not a person aboard of her was disturbed in person or property. Her commander gave bond to pay her value, etc. to the Con- federate States, but the end of the war exonerated that obligation.
 A-;> 0f tl,o German cruisers what would have been her fate and that of the innocent peo- pie on board?
 Let the northern newspapers, such as the New, York Tribune, Herald, etc, which so cruelty abused Captain Semmes republish this incident and say what they think of him in comparison with the sink ing of the Lusitania.
 "The Ariel belonged to Cornelius Van- derbilt, called the Commodore, who had shortly before given his fastest ship to the United States to be armed and equipped as a cruiser to catch and hang the Damned Pirate Semmes,' as he ex- pressed it.
 ''Semmes did not let this insult infiu- ence him, but spared the Ariel for the sake of the innocents on board of her.
 "The battalion of marines, about 400 men, was certainly contraband of war; but he felt their helplessness and only paroled them as prisoners of war
 'Tf he had been such as the newspapers and people of the north described or as the Germans were when the Lusitania was destroyed, he would, at least, have disarmed those United States marines and shot them then and there."
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-05-17

Entered at the Birmingham, Ala, I rosfofflce as second class matter un- der act of Congress March B. lsi9.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-05-17
ALABAMA PRESS

Prattville Progress: The cattle tick is a great prey upon the wealth of the south. And there is no need to stand for it. Let's abolish this nuisance.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-05-17

Alexander City Outlook: Many cotton mills in the south are running day and night to fill their orders. Nothing that looks like hard times in that.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-05-17

No communication will be published without it's authors name. Rejected manuscript will not be returned un- less stamps are enclosed for that pur- pose
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1915-06-17
Mrs. Ann Lane.

Ann Massey was born in east Ten
nessee, August 3, 1887, and died at
the home of her daughter, Mrs. Geo.
Young, in Garden Grove, Iowa, at
the age of II years and 10 months.
She moved with her parents to Ken
lucky and settled near Glago, where
she grew to womanhood. In 1857
she was united in marriage to James
Lane and to this union were born
five children, two sons and three
daughters. Thomas and Trave, llv-
ing near Woodland, Sallie, who died
in Kentucky about 20 years ago, Mrs.
Matte Young Of Garden Grove, and
Mrs. Guy Young of Weldon, Iowa.
She has twenty-four grandchildren
and fifteen at-grandchildren. Her
husband, who was a union soldier,
died in kentucky in 1871; right here
attention should be called to what it
meant to advocate the side Of the
Union in this hotbed of rebellion. She
was left with this family when the
Oldest, Thomas, was but twelve years
of age and looking to her Oldest son
as the head of the family she held
them together until he was twenty
one and then Trave took his place.
she moved 10 iowa III 1904 anu
settled in Lineville and in 1889 she
moved to Garden Grove where she
lived until her death. She was con-
verted and united with the Baptist
church when she was a girl of 16
years, remaining a faithful member
until death. She had three brothers,
William Massey who died some years
ago, L. D. Massey of Amarillo, Texas,
and C. A. Massey of near Woodland.
The funeral services were held at
the NJ. E. church in Garden Grove,
conducted by Rev. j G. Duling, Sat
urday afternoon at 1870, interment
being in the Garden Grove cemetery.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1915-06-17
Brethren Church.

Sunday school. ..1O:OO a. m.
'C. r.. ISIS p. m.
Preaching. +. -. ~. $500 p. m.
On Sunday morning at II o'clock
there will be a Children's Day pro-
gram given by the children of the
Sunday school. A cordial invitation
is extended to all.
The women's and girls meetings
Saturday afternoon and evening were
well attended. The programs were
both interesting and instructive. The
social hour following the women's
program was very much enjoyed.
Prayer meeting and Bible study
every Wednesday evening at $500.
A goodly number we're present last
week and the service was an interest,"
ing one.
Special mention should be made of
the Christian Endeavor last Sunday
evening. The majority of the MEM
bers enrolled were present and took
part in the service. These services
have been well attended throughout
the winter and it is expected that the
attendance will be still greater dur
ing the summer months.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1915-06-17
Weldon NJ. e. Church.

The pastor is inclined to think
that some were not so anxious to
again take up the Sunday work,
however, the attendance for both
Sunday school and church was very
good but many others should have
been present. Remember the regu-
lar services next Sunday and try to
be present. You will not want to
lose the start for your gold pin SO be
present for Sunday school. Services
at Hebron also.
Our last quarterly conference for
the year comes Friday evening, June
25th. Everyone should take care Of
their obi cations as far as possible,
SO that we can close the year with no
debt or deficiency. Remember each
one of your obligation to the church.
Help the stewards by getting your
pledge for local support to, them by
the 25th inst. 1t is needed now.
The district League convention
will convene at Van Vert June %
1924. Every Epworth Lacquer
should plan to attend as many ses-
sions as possible. Each delegate
should attend every session. This
is an opportunity that will not come
so close again for some years. A
strong program has been arranged.
Make sure that the Leagues from a
distance do not have a better attend
ance than our own which is SO close.
Set your alarm Saturday night SO
as to get to Sunday school on time
sunday morning.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1915-06-17
Long Creek.

Mr.. and Mrs. Will Irving of Van
Vert visited Saturday night and Sun
day with their son Fred and family
Jack Young and Miss Leta Nc
Nichols called at the Robert Palmer
home last Thursday evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. Albert Fullerton
spent Sunday with relatives near
Grand River.
r. B. Hawkins took dinner with
Mr.. and Mrs. Clifford Gillette Sun
day.
MIR. and Mrs. Pete Meekma spent
Sunday with the formers sister,
Mrs. ReitVeld.
Melvin and Lena Irving spent Sun
day with Vern and Flossie Palmer
Several from these parts attended
the band concert and ice cream sup
per at an Vert Saturday evening.
Claire Palmer called on Jack
Young Sunday afternoon.
Mrs. Grant Hatfield and children
spent Sunday at Louis Grimm's.
R. A. Palmer and son Claire made
a business trip to Osceola Tuesday
Mrs. Grant Hatfield called on Mrs.
4.obert Palmer Monday afternoon.
Jim Smith is blowing for Claude
Ramsey this week.
Miss Lelah Fogleman spent Sun
day with home folks
Miss Dollie Collins assisted Mrs.
Sam Brfner with her house work
one day last week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Sam Briner visited
with relatives near Grand River
Sunday.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1915-06-17
Methodist Church Notes.

Benevolences are payable this
month. Mayme Baker is treasurer.
When paying through the basket at
church service be sure to use the
prescribed envelope or designate
plainly that it may be properly cred
tied to your account.
The X. of NJ. boys met the Humes-
ton Boys Club in a game of base ball
on the local diamond last Friday
The visiting team carried away an
easy victory, although the game was
interesting. Our boys greatly en-
joyed entertaining the team. A re-
turn game at Humeston will take
place early next month. Weather
permitting the boy scouts OF Lenox
will play our boys next Thursday at
ternoon on the Leon field.
Tuesday, Wednesday and Thurs
day of next week the District League
convention will be in session atNVan
Vert. More than our quota of dele
gates are planning to be in attend
ance Dr. Frank E. Day, who appear
ed on our Chautauqua program last
summer is among the speakers,
There may be some difficulty in en-
PERTAINING so many folks at Van
Vert, but the convention is open to
all. Use your cars, folks!
Sunday school board meeting next
Monday evening. Important business
and there will be full attendance
of officers and teachers. A song by
the Junior Sunday school was the
surprise" furnished last Sunday. 1t
not a Sabbath school attendant, join
us-classes and a welcome for all
such. Each Sunday at a quarter to
ten
Preaching at II and 8 next Sun
day. Epworth League at Z.
The choir is especially urged to be
present for rehearsal tonight. u
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1915-06-17
j. A. Brown.

J. A. Brown was born in the year
1910 at Williamsport, Indiana, and
passed away June 8, 1915, thus he
was rs years, month and 4 days
old. He came to Decatur county,
Iowa, at the age Of II with his par
ents. He was married to Mary Ann
McCalla, April 20, 1862. To them
were born seven children, two boys
and five girls. Florence Amelia and
Olive died in infancy. Mrs. Stella
PREM Of kenesaw, Neb., died April
"a, 1915. Mrs. G. w. Hartman and
Charley Brown live in Decatur coun-
ty, Iowa, Edward Brown, of kene-
saw, Neb., and Mrs. Cora McGrew Of
Meridian, Wyoming, and his wife,
Mary A. Brown, are left to mourn
his loss. He has resided with his.
daughter, Mrs. Cora McGrew for the
last five years. His wife, who is in
very poor health has been living with
Mrs. Hartman in Iowa. While young
he united with the United Brethren
church He bore his sickness with
patience and waited for the end. The
were laid to rest in the Bear
Creek cemetery, Wyoming.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1915-06-17
Decatur City.

Mrs. Blanche Adams and children
of Creston who have been visiting
her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Bluford
Wilson returned home Thursday.
Elder Teeters will preach at the
Christian church Sunday afternoon
at 3 o'clock. He will commence a
series of meetings on Monday even
ing. Everyone is invited to attend
these services
Goldie Young of Jack Oak is visit
ing her cousin, Mrs. Hazel Surber.
G. BaTownsend and wife returned
from Des Moines Monday.
Mrs. J. p. Martin and two daugh-
ters of Boone, Iowa, came Tuesday
for visit with Mr.. and Mrs. Thur
man Chamberlin.
Miss Josephine Horner is here Wis
iting with relatives.
Miss Helen Roger spent Saturday
night and Sunday with Miss Eliza
MillSap.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1915-06-17
THE HESSIAN FLY
By r. l. WEBSTER
Circular No. 22 Iowa Agricultural Experiment Sta.
ton, chronological Section. Ames
Iowa, March, 1915
By r. L. WEBSTER

Usually these fax seeds go on
through the summer until fall, on
the wheat stubble, before the flies
emerge. But some adults may
emerge from the flaXseeds and these
will deposit eggs and form partial
brood of larvae. In general, however,
the summer is spent in the flaXseed
stage on wheat stubble. Now in the
fall, in September, adult flies emerge
from the flaxseeds in great abund-
ance. The earlier ones deposit eggs
on volunteer wheat or on the earliest
fall sown wheat. The larvae from
these eggs go on through their trans
formations, feed on young wheat in
the fall, mature and form the flax
seeds. Sometimes, when exception
ally mild weather occurs in the fall,
another partial brood of larvae may
be produced. Such was the case in
Kansas in 1914.
Control Measures.
In the Spring-The spring is not
particularly a good time to take any
measures against the fly. However,
much may be done, for any volunteer
wheat or wheat stubble, never plow-
ed under, is likely to contain flax
seeds. Any of this remaining in
the spring should be plowed under as
early as possible, thus burying the
flaxseeds. The flies emerge early,
SO any blowing must be done early to
be of any value.
Sometimes sown wheat is so badly
infested that it will not pay to let it
stand. In such cases it is best to
pillow this under, thus burying all the
insects, so they cannot emerge and
infest other wheat. This may be
done early enough so the land may
be put in corn.
In the Summer-After harvest is
the best time to take measures
as ainst the Hessian fly. All summer
is spent in the flaxseed stage on
wheat stubble, where the insect can
usually be reached.
Stubble may be burned over soon
after harvest. This destroys a large
percentage of the insects. There are,
however, some undesirable features
about this measure 1t does not get
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1915-06-17
THE CHURCHES.
Presbyterian Church.

sunday school. ~. .9:45 a. m,
Preaching. -. ..... .11:00 a. M
and 500 p. M.
Young Peoples Society. $500 p. M.
Prayer meeting Wed'day $500 p. M.
Choir rehearsal Thursday $500 p. m.
Children's Day exercises next Sum
day evening: Both the children and
the committee have given consider
able time to the preparation OF the
program, and we are assured OF a
good exercise. You will enjoy it and
your presence will be an inspiration
and encouragement to the children.
Special music will be feature of
the morning worship next Sunday.
We are to be favored with special
selections by Mr.. B. F. Ford Of Kan
sas City, and Mr.. r. e. Lloyd of
Omaha. The service ought to COM
mand large attendance.
The young men had charge Of the
Young Peoples service Sunday even
ing. The program was specially
good and was enjoyed by an increas-
ed attendance upon these services.
Three of the young ladies will have
charge of the service next Sunday
and the young men are made respon-
sible for the attendance. Young peo-
pie especially will enjoy this service.
Do not forget the State Sunday
School Convention at Des Moines
next Monday-June 21-24. Every
school of Decatur county is
urged to send one or more delegates.
The Ladies Aid was entertained
Tuesday afternoon at the home of
Mrs. Gould Wallace. A business and
social program was happily combin-
ed and the afternoon was pleasantly
and profitably spent.
A full choir is expected for the
practice this evening. Let no mem
Der fail to come.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1915-06-17

ence of maggots that less grain is
produced. The wheat yield is indi-
rectly affected because weakened
plants bend or break at the joints in
harvest, causing them to fall. Lodg-
ing of wheat always accompanies in
jury by the Hessian fly.
The Stages of the Insect.
The eggs OF the Hessian fly (see
figure Al are deposited on the blades
of the plant. Eggs hatch in from 4
to 10 days and the larvae work their
way down the plant within the
sheath. These eggs are very small,
only about $50 inch long, slightly
reddish in co.or. In fact, they
would be usually overlooked, even
when abundant on a blade.
Full grown maggots are pale white
in color, with rather flaky appear
ance, measuring about 1-5 inch long.
These larvae assume the brown flax
seed stage, the stage in which the
insect is usually found and in which
it spends the greater part OF the
year.
The flies are small midge-like in
sects, lilo inch long, dull and in
conspicuous in appearance.
These, then, are the four stages Of
the insect; the egg, the maggot or
larvae, the flax seed or puparium and
the adult fly.
Food Plants.
OF the small grains, wheat, rye and
barley are infested. Rye is injured
less than wheat, and barley least OF
all three. Flax seeds of the Hessian
fly have been found on the stems of
certain wild grasses, but never to
any great extent So it appears that
there is little danger of infestation
from this source.
s Seasonable History.
Wintering in the flax seed stage
on wheat plants, the insect energies
as the adult fly sometime in late
April or early May. These flies de-
post their eggs and young larvae
hatch in few days time. So by the
middle of May, in Iowa, the first
brood of larvae is in abundance on
wheat plants. In late May these lar
vac mature and transform to the
] flax seed stage, during which the in
sect does not feed.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1915-06-17

all the flaXseeds, since some are on
the plants below the soil. Again,
wheat stubble should be turned back
to the soil, on account of its value
as plant food.
In Kansas, according to Messrs.
Headlee and Barker, blowing wheat
stubble under was found more eff
flcient measure than burning it over.
10 be effective, all stubble must be
we'll buried, and volunteer wheat
must not be allowed to grow up af=
forwards.
Infested wheat stubble should be
disked Immediately after harvest.
This makes blowing easier and con-
serves moisture. Then or weeks
later, the field should be plowed UNI
der, at least at a depth of 6 inches,
completely burying all stubble. Lat
err, by narrowing, all volunteer wheat
should be destroyed, for stray flies
will breed in this and go to sown
wheat later on. With such a treat
ment, provided it is we'll done, wheat
may follow wheat with minimum
chance of danger from the fly, but
the wheat should not be sown early
The. time of sowing is discussed lat
er.
Glover and even alfalfa frequently
are scwn in wheat, making difficult
such measures as burning stubble or
blowing it under. When the Hessian
fly is abundant in any locality this
practice should be cut down to the
II; inimum, for it encourages the in
sect in every way. There being moth
ing to prevent the flies emerge from
wheat stubble in the clover field and
go to the nearest wheat field. If in
tested wheat stubble is not disposed
of in some way, then fall wheat
should be seeded just as far away
from this as possible.
In the Fall-By sowing wheat as
late as possible, and yet obtain a
good stand, much benefit may be OBJ
tanned, although there is danger of
winter killing if sowed too late. The
idea of late sowing is that the wheat
may come up at a time in the fall
when most of the flies have disap-
peared.
Late sowing benefits only so far
as the fall generation Of the insect
is concerned. All wheat is liable to
infestation in the spring, SO that late
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1915-06-17

. .. y. h ! 3 n MI
late sown wheat escapes damage in
the fall, the chances for injury are
greatly reduced in the spring. since
the majority OF the flies will deposit
eggs in the field when they emerge.
Some 10 years ago in Ohio F. NJ
Webster gave approximately safe
dates at which fall wheat may be
seeded and escape severe injury by
the Hessian fly. More recently
Headlee and Parker gave similar
dates for the wheat growing section
of Kansas. From the Kansas dates
and also from observations by the
writer in southwestern Iowa, it APP
pears that wheat sown on October 1,
in the southern tier OF counties,
should escape the fall brood of the
fly. For central Iowa this date would
be about September 25th.