davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
GOOD ROADS AND MOISTURE
and When it Contains Too Much
Water it Becomes Mud.

(By w. c. PALMER, North Dakota Ex-
pertinent Station)
One of the important factors IN
roadmaking is to control the moisture
content of the soil in making up the
roadbed. When the soil is dry it
crumbles to dust and when it contains
too much water it becomes mud.
These are the two extremes to avoid.
To make hard roadbed the soil must
contain a fair amount of moisture.
The control of the moisture requires
that the roadbed be higher in the mid
die and smooth so that water cannot
stand on it but will run off. If water
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
.9Ancie9n!t4tB||t
CItyef()i|nd;|
yILNA has been one of the most

W v lima has been one of the most
"a n important detectives of the
W Teutonic drives in Russia.
" description of this railway,
trading and manufacturing
city is given by the National Geo.
graphic society.
Wilma is a city of 100000, an indus
trial and trade center, situated in the
midst of a region of tangled forests,
almost impossible marshes and low
lying lakes, at the intersection of the
railways from Warsaw to Petrograd
and from Libau, the Baltic port, to
Rostof, at the mouth of the Don. 1t
lies nearly midway between the cities
of Grodno and Dvinsk, two other
points upon the acknowledgement
railway. Petrograd lies 436 miles
away to the north-northwest of Wilma,
and the country in between is a laby-
rinth of lake, morass, woodland and
wet meadowland 1t is more than ITO
miles from the German frontier, to-
ward which it is guarded by the for
tress of Kovno in the northwest.
Ancient and Prosperous.
The city is an ancient one, of which
fact its appearance bears every testi-
mony. for it's irregular groundplan
struggles among, around and over the
knot of low hills upon which the city
is built in accordance with the trad1-
tional aimessness of the middle ages.
It's streets are narrow and not espe-
cially well-kept. 1t wears, however,
general air of comfortable prosperity;
for Wilma sends large quantities OF
goods to the Black sea and to the Bal
tic. 1t handles a very extensive bust
ness in grains and timber, articles
which it exported before the present
war in great quantities to Germany to
Holland and to England. 1t also has
important textile and leather indus
tries. Wilma manufactures consider
able tobacco knit goods, clothing, ar
tificial flowers and gloves.
The old town is rich in memories.
A mass of ruins that were once bril-
liant castle of the JageJlons is here.
Wilma was probably founded in the
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
The SpIit-Lou Drau,

The split-log drag has contributed
more toward the economic mainte.
nance of the public highways than any
implement of modern usage. 1t does
not require special acts of the legis-
lature, bond issues or expensive edu-
cational campaigns to make it avail
able as usually precedes construction
work. A drag can be built or pur-
chased for $40 and is easily operated
by anyone who can drive a team.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05

when / take too much quinine for
my malaria, as I occasionally do, con-
fessed the Old COdger, 1T affects my
head and makes me think very foolish
. things. | remember once of getting
so that I heard queer noises in my
head, and for nearly q whole day fam
cied I was an Eori' and vao being So
licited by my many friends to run for
the legislature. ioasas City Star.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05

Indicating that the old and the
young are most subject to the call Of
death. the Springfield Oll) survey Of
the Russell Sage Foundation shows
that in 1910 in that city 140 infants
died to each 1000 infants less than
one year old, 67 died to each 1000
more than sixty-fve years old and
only seven died to each 1000 from
twenty to forty four years OF age.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
Expanslveness Of Compound Interest.


The wealth of the world grows very
slowly and the amount of real saving
is amazingly small. If, for example,
the wealth of the United States when
George Washington became president
was equivalent to a billion dollars
land that perhaps is not bad guess,
and this amount could have steadily
earned little over five per cent every
year since, this gain, compounded,
would exceed the present estimated
wealth of this country. This means
that all the rest of the saving and the
gains from new enterprises and a rap
idly increasing population have only
just about balanced the annual waste
and loss True, more than two-thirds
of the wealth of nations is still the
human machine and not the visible
taxable property. But the fact serves
to show how slight is the annual gain
even IN the premier get-rich-quick
country of the word-the United
States. - Carl Snyder in Golfers
Weekly.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05

cause they are so rare. They are
found only at one spot, comparative
ly small tract of ground in New South
Wales, adjoining the Queensland bor-
der.
The field is called Lightning Ridge.
1t is a wild and desolate spot. The
nearest towns to it are Walgett and
ColIarendabri, and it is about 500
miles from Sydney, as the crow flies.
Black opal mining is about the big
gest gamble eXtant. There is really
nothing to guide the miner in select
ing a likely spot. The work is hard.
The shafts average 40 feet in depth,
and all rock has to be "bucketed" to
the top. Water is scarce, food almost
mobtainable. On the other hand, the
prospector who is lucky enough to
stumble upon pocket of fair-sized,
flawless stones reaps a fortune forth
with-Pearson's Magazine.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
MILK FOR GROWING CHICKENS
Quite Valuable in Aiding Diges-
ton of Other Foods.

w. B. Anderson of the Indiana ex-
pertinent station has carried through
two tests to determine the value of
skim milk for growing chickens. In
the first test two lots of chicks, con-
sisting of ten Plymouth Rocks and ten
Houdans, were fed all they would eat
of a mixture of crushed corn, bran
and ground oats, Pill.
Both lots were also fed cracked
bone, cabbage and lettuce, and the
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05

Sidney Smith was once dining in
company with French gentleman,
who had been before dinner indulging
in number Of free-thinking specula-
tions, and had ended by avowing him
self a materialst Very good soup
this." said Mr.. Smith. Out monsieur,
c'est excellent" was the reply. Pray,
sir, do you believe in a cook?" in
CURED Mr. Smith.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
Bird Importations

The number of birds imported into
the United States annually amounts
to about 100000 and as many as IT,.
600 have become dwellers in America
within one day. The half million
feathered strangers represent 500
different species, but the greater nun.
Der of the importations are of cana.
ries, parrots and game birds.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
Maxine Ones life

know OF no more encouraging fact
thar the unreasonable ability of a
man TO elevate ais life by a conscious
endeavor IL IS something to be able
to paint particular picture, or to
carve a statue ard so make a few
objects beautiful; but it is fa1 more
glorious to carve and paint the very.
atmosphere and medium through
which we LOOK, which morally we can
do.-Thoreau.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
Nancv.s inclination,

It was Nancy's first experience in
the water. She and her father waded
out together for a short distance.
Then he picked her up and carried
her into deeper water, She became
frightened and exclaimed on, papa
don't want to go there. I'd rather
go where the water IS short.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
Put Mites to Flight.

Creolin, or any of the numerous dis
infectants made up largely of it, will
put mites to fight. To treat the
roosts and interior of the hen house
with this or a similar disinfectant,
take an old shoe brush and fasten it
on to sawed-off broom handle, then
apply the liquid with this homemade
brush.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
Too Hard for Mr.. Gloom.

j. Fuller Gloom: "A famous scien
fist declares that only one person in
every twenty-five thousand thinks.
This is the very reason why have
quit arguing with my fellow men. II
is too hard to make the other twenty.
four thousand nine hundred and nine.
Cy-nine think"
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05

Church, see the chances of being
struck by lightning are four times
greater in the country than in the
city.
Gotham-Perhaps but the chances
of being struck by something else are
twenty times greater in the city.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
UnavaiIjnu Euuipment.

Professor Thinkum speaks seven
different languages"
YES" replied Miss Cayenne. But
nobody takes much interest in what
he says in any of them"
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
Promote Rural Prosperity.

1t is now generally admitted that
good roads promote rural prosperity,
even if they do crt down the profits
OF the men who hired out teams to
pull motor cars out of mud holes.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
ALL. the nlffnrence.

Some men wake UP to find them
selves famous; others stay up all
night and become notorious. Kansas
City Star.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
Stunted Pics.

Smaller pigs are kept stunted If left
to run with the larger stronger ones
by being crowded from the feeding
trough.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
Record sponae.

The largest sponge ever found came
from the Mediterranean. 1t was three
feet across and zen feet in circum-
ference
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
Leuumes and Lime

The promotion of the growth of
legumes is the one effect which, above
all others, iustifes the use of lime.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
Worth So a Ton.

Wheat straw alone is worth SO per
ton as fertilizer. It's value is much
more when used for bedding the COW.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1915-11-05
KNOWLEDGE,

A loving heart is the beginning of
all knowledge. Thomas Carlyle.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-02

spreads more slowly, remaining in
the flock for weeks.
Treatment.
There is no effective cure for poul-
try cholera. Sometimes the disease
may be retarded by giving a dose Of
one-third Of a teaspoonful of Eps1m
salts mixed in a mash, or a table
spoonful of olive oil. or one teaspoon
full of castor oil followed by disolv-
ing one-tenth of a grain Of mercuric
bichloride in a quart of drinking
water. A few drops of creolin in a
quart of water is also considered
beneficial.
Prevention.
This Is the only means Of saving
many of the flock. The birds should
be watched closely and all those
showing any sign of the disease
should be removed at once, killed
and burned. Avoid bringing in new
contagion and take active steps to
destroy all germs by burning the lit
ter and dosing the house and yard
with a strong coal tar disinfectant.
The yard should be plowed deeply
and sprinkled with Stacked lime. II
possible, remove the healthy birds to
clean quarters, putting a few in a
place and the groups widely sepa-
rated. An orchard or back field may
be utilized for this purpose, but the
birds should be well fed and care
fully watched. Even the suspected
cases should be isolated from the
flock.
1t is most fortunate that epidemics
of true cholera are rare among poul.
try as 1t is very disastrous disease.
Who're proper care is exercised to
keep the birds clean and healthy
there is Ettle danger, except when
1t appears in a district.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-02
TO USE ODD BITS OF LACE
Great Variety Of Pretty and Useful
Things in Which Odd Pieces
Can Be Used.

There seems to be an endless variety
of uses to which fillet crochet can be
applied. A large square of this
crochet could be made into a very
charming boudoir cap. A square with
rose pattern would be very pretty,
although the extremely conventional
designs are equally good.
The square should be made with
fifty or sixty codon net, as 1t will be
more attractive If the mesh is not too
fine. A picot edging may be added &c
the edge Of the square, or it can mere
ly be finished with two rows of the
plain mesh.
When making this cap a casing is
stitched around the inside of the
square, forming a circle by eliminat.
ing the corners. An elastic is run
through the casing; then the corners
are wired with fine millinery wire, so
as to make them stand out. The front
and back corners are slightly rolled
over the crown. The points of the
corners at each side are turned back.
The effect is very much the same as
a Normandy cap: but. being made of
fillet crochet. it is very quaint and un.
usual.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-02
What Color For Walsts.

The most radical change in the waist
styles this season is in the color. The
dressy waists are either dark, so as to
match the suit. or are in some high
color. thus contrasting with the suit.
On the other hand. the semi-tallored
models continue to be mostly in white
and in fesh-color. says the Dry Goods
Economist.
The new season waists OF conserva.
tive type are in navy. brown, dark
green. purple. gray or mulberry.
Waists OF more striking type are in
garnet. light green, rose. royal purple,
French blue and other tones which will
blend harmoniously with the dark suit
colorings.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-02
lone 7OuJn||
! Y Helps Y /
RUIN WILL BENEFIT TOWNS
Destruction by Armies viii Make
Necessary the construetlon Of
Whole Communities Anew.

Every town Of Importance in East
Prussia that has suffered at the de-
vastating hand Of the Russians has
decided to incorporate a municipal
garden section In its plans for rebuild.
ing.
Many of the destroyed towns are so
completely ruined that 1t is going to
be necessary to raze what little is left
and construct the whole community
anew. This makes 1t eminently feast.
BILE to apportion of section that can
be devoted to the desirable city gar
den feature.
Many of the communities also are
planning for a series Of municipality
constructed and owned houses for
workmen, single. home structures with
two, three and four rooms, which ulti.
mately can be purchased Ny their oc-
cupants on the familiar easy-payment
plan.
Plans Of this character are already
well advanced in Gerdauen, Tapiau,
Ortelsburg, Lyck and other communi-
ties, and additional municipalities are
preparing to follow suit.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-02
HIGHEST QUALITY OF EGGS
Green Food and Corn Add to Color Of
VoIk, While Beef Scraps lmpart
Flrmness to White.

1t is. perhaps, not generally known
that the quality of eggs is dependent
in large measure upon the food the
hens eat. In eggs OF high quality the
yolk is a deep yellow color, and the
white quite firm, not thin and watery.
The feeding of green food and corn
(preferably yellow corn) will add to
the color of the yolk, and beef scrap
will impart firmness to the white.
AS certain foods will add quality to
the eggs, certain other foods will i'm
part flavor that decreases the quality
of the eggs. Thus onions, fish scrap
and highsmelling beef scrap will Inn
part to the eggs certain character
istic and disagreeable favors.
Odors also lower the quality of
eggs. Egg-shells are very porous and
air readily enters. Eggs should be
gathered often and stored in a cool,
well-ventilated room. If allowed TO
remain in foulSmelling poultry house
for any length of time, the odors of
the house VIII lower the quality of
the eggs.
II Is safe to say that eggs of the
very highest quality are not possible
unless the male birds are removed
from the pens. The embryo of a fer
tile egg often begins to develop be-
fore the egg is laid, and no matter
how often gathered or how we'll cared
for, fertile eggs cannot compare In
quality with infertile ones. The germ
Of life is the germ of decay. An in.
fertile egg will decrease in quality
with age. or through improper han.
ding, but 1t cannot decay.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-02
200 IAN or roo STOUT
oressmakers' Art ls to Cover the De-
feets In Stature Of Their
Patrons.

Most women. measured by an ideal
standard of beauty. are too tall or too
thin. too short or too stout; they do
not stand we'll; they walk badly; or
they have spoiled their compilations by
hook or by croOk-something is wrong
The dressmaker's art Is to cover these
defects so far as possible, to draw at
tention away from defects toward the
good points Of the figure.
The ideally beautiful woman can wear
anything from a Greek gown to a peas
ant costume. and look divine. But with
very few exceptions allowed for the
perfect woman, designs In dress must
be adapted before they can be adopt
ed to advantage. Fashion plates are
drawn upon beautifully tall and feir
women to show the proper proportions
10 be observed in the designs them.
selves, according to the mind of the
designing artist
Some designs are hopelessly bad at
the beginning. Designs. however good
in themselves, are not meant to be
slAVishly copied. A woman six feet
tall may wear a dress skirt eight or
ten yards wide at the bottom, but the
dumpy little woman who Is as broad
As she Is long will be ridiculous fig-
ure In the same enormous sweep of
Bkirt.-Belle Armstrong Whitney, in
Good Health.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-02
LOSS OF WEIGHT IN FOWLS
Different Troubles-LIee, Intestinal
Worms tuberculosis or AspergII-
losis Are Responsible.

Loss of weight is quite often notice
able In hocks Of fowls. Going light"
Is the old name for 1t. and once 1t was
thought by most farm people to be
disease OF its own kind. though what
kind they could not say It is. a name
given when fowls become weak. enact
ated and unproductive Sometimes
but few in the flock will show this
light as the wind" disease, but often
1t will be large part of the flock.
Fowls really go light from different
causes-lice, intestinal worms, tuber.
culosis or aspergillosis. An investiga-
tion should first be made for mites or
the larger lice. Look well over the
birds and the houses and ascertain
whether the fowls are getting plenty
OF nutritious food. This really is the
first question. If the rations are all
right and mites and lice do not appear
In numbers, then kill a bird and ex-
anime it. Open some of the intes-
tines. II worms are doing the work
you will find them in large numbers;
even II you find few It is we'll to trv
the turpentine and castor oil treat.
ment, half and half. teaspoonful of
this once or twice a day at first. If
tuberculosis, which really might mean
microscopic test. the fowls must be
gotten rid of; If aspergillosis, the
mouth and throat will show infiam.
nation and pimples; If any of the mi.
crobe diseases, like coccidosis. in
which the liver is enlarged and spotted
with white spots. the intestines badly
infiamed. kill of bad cases. If not all,
use an occasional purgative and fol.
low with strong quarantine measures
and disinfectants.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-02
LACING FROM BOOTS TO HATS
New eolero Jacket ls Laced to Eu
the Figure snusIy-GIoves Also
Are Laced.

AS eagerly as the buttoned boot was
discarded to replace the laced one is
the idea of lacing any two pieces Of
material that seem in any way to be-
long to each other being introduced
and adopted. A costume that has at.
tracted much attention is one of navy
blue gaberdine. the bOlero jacket of
which was laced to fit the figure snug.
ly. The rather large sleeves we're
laced to fit the lower arm; the COL
lar, too, was laced to the chin.
With the new inside lacing OF the
boot comes the hat, whose several Dor.
tions are Joined with lacing. Gloves
too, are laced on either the inside or
the outside Of the arm; in fact, to be
quite up-to-the-minute one must have
two parts of the costume laced to-
gether.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-02
ReautIfxIn q the Streets.

Palms lining the downtown side
walks comprise unique feature of
city Identification in Los Angeles, Cal.
The work of inGtalling has just been
completed, says the National Real Es-
tate Journal.
Along so blocks Of the heart of the
city have been placed 1,100 splendid
specimens of The Chamerops Excel
sas palms. The work was done by the
county at an expense of some $780,
900, as part OK a general beautlfca-
tion scheme for California expositions
this year. The improvement is de-
signed to be permanent.
Delicate trailing vines and nastur.
tiums have been planted about the
roots Of the trees and give a green
and flower effect against the brown
trunks.
The palms are set in wooden tubs,
which in turn are placed in cement
boxes. The lowest branches are about
eight feet above the sidewalk. The
watering is done at night by the city
street sprinkling department.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-02

shown in Fig. for attaching the
strings. Screw a screw-eye into the
end Of stick, thread the screv-eye
with the twine just as you would
thread a needle. then use the stick tc
hook the string over the nails.
AS the diagram must show the con.
struction of the framework, it is i'm.
possible to give you a good idea Of
what beautiful bower the barrel.
hoop rack shown in Fig. 3 becomes
when thfckly covered with vines.
The diagram shows the use Of six
hoops, but if you cannot get this many,
the three bottom hoops may be omit
ted and stakes driven into the ground
to tie the lower ends of the strings
to. Fig. shows how each set of
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-02

CBy DIR. r. H. WILLIAMS. Arizona Ex-
pertinent Station)
Cholera is one of the most infec-
tious poultry diseases, often sweep
ing away an entire flock of any va
riety of domesticated fowl, and even
some species of wild birds. 1t is
caused by specific bacteria which
spread most rapidly in filthy yards
and houses where the birds are not
IN thrifty condition. The general ma
ture Of the disease and its method
OF spreading over a district resemble
hog cholera. To prevent It from en-
tering a flock where the disease is
prevalent in the district, great care
must be exercised to avoid carrying
the germ by means of droppings,
earth attached to clothes, eggs, birds,
wind, water or feed.
Symptoms.
The symptoms vary considerably in
affected birds. The first indication
Of cholera is usually diarrhea with
yellowish coloration of the urates
which normally appear white in the
droppings. The coloration may final.
" turn to a greenish or blush green
color as the case advances. Some
times affected birds maintain a good
appetite till death, but usually they
quit eating and fever is always pres
ent. The comb and wattles lose their
bright appearance and the birds as.
sumo a dropping. rounded outline,
caused by the lowering of the tail,
head and wings. The period of incu.
baton varies from one day to several
weeks, averaging about eight days.
Death may occur at any time. being
preceded by commissions and sharp
cries. In the virulent form most OF
the birds die in few days, but if the
chronic form is present the disease
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-02
HENS REQUIRE ANIMAL FOOD
Nothing Yet Found That Answers
Purpose as We'll as Beef Scraps
Produce Stronger Chicks.

The modern hen. the bird we are
forcing to lay more eggs each year.
has developed into sort of an egg ma.
chine. Part Of the food she eats goes
to make blood and bone and muscle
for her own body. The rest OF the
food. If It is Of the right sort, goes
to make eggs.
But the best hen in the world can't
make eggs from the air, The eggs a
hen lays come directly from the food
she eats.
Since 1t is not possible to furnish
bugs and worms such as the hens find
for themselves. we must look for a
good substitute Up to the present
time nothing has been found that
answers so well as beef scrap
The beef scrap must be absolutely
sweet and pure, or trouble is sure to
follow.
This is especially true in the breed
ing season, when It II necessary not
only to get eggs, but eggs that viii