davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1915-11-24
tBy Associated Press.o

A'Paris, Nov. 14.The allies min
,ers at Athens called upon the
''eek government g noon Tuesday
I. a body to discuss the question of
lat action Greece would take
ould the allied troops be compelled
retreat into Greece. says a Havas
patch. The message says the
nisters stated that the step was
-tirely friendly.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1915-11-24

Rome. Nov. z4.Further Italian
yances in tho attack on Gorilla
N announced. The crest of Calvario
lights. west Of Gorilla. was
.ched and maintained, and posi-
ms recently won northeast of the
~ strengthened.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1915-11-24
TN0 SERBIAN
TOWNS Captured
BY GERMANS
By Associated Press }

IBy NSSOCIateu PreSS.J
Berlin, Nov "a The war Of
flee announces the capture of Nitro
yitsa and Pristina in Serbia.
Evening star., 1915-08-15
The Great Kentucky Central.
RAILROAD president spoke at q

A RAILROAD president spoke at q
~ dinner in Boston on railway safety.
why, the day may come" he de-
clared, when all roads will be as safe
as the Great Kentucky Central.
"a passenger on that railroad said
to the conductor:
"Do you use the block system on
this line?'
"'No; we amt got no use for the
block system. stranger
"'Oh. 1 suppose. then. you use cleo
trio or pneumatic signaling?'
"'No; no use for them, nuther.'
"'Then you have train dispatchers
and run your trains by Telegraph
Nope
but when you stop between sta
tions. you at least go back hundred
yards and flag the rear?'
Nope, stranger; nope
Then said the passenger, angrily,
all I've got to say is that this road is
run in a criminally reckless manner
The conductor frowned, took out Z
plug of tobacco and snapped off chew
viciously.
Stranger he said. If you don't like
this line, say so, and I'll stop the
train and you can git off and walk.
I'm the president of the line and the
sole OWneT- Ills 10 Tic HAcn-
lucky Central, and, stranger. don't you
forget it. She's seven miles and half
long. She runs from Paint Rock TO
Nola Chucky. This is the only train
that travels on the Great Kentucky
Central, and what you hear snortin' ,
ahead is our only engine. We amt
never had a collision. We amt never
had an accident. What's more, we
never will. Now, are you satisfied.
stranger, or will I pull the string and
let you git out and walk?
Evening star., 1915-08-15

hopelessly isolated the region On whose
charms President. Benavides dwelt so
enthusiastically. Transportation across
these Andes. with their 16,000-foot
passes, is at present impossible. and
the products of any immigration that
might seek the land there would have
to go down the 2.000-mile Amazon be
fore reaching the Atlantic ocean, with
at least two transshipments en- route.
thus making the region commercial
impossibility at present.
Mr.. Benavides. however, is an en-
thusiastic believer in the future OF
northeastern Peru. and firm in his con-
viction that it will some day be rem
dered accessible. He believes that the
North American railway genius can
study the transportation problem, blast
convenient grades through the Andean
backbone harness the water power that
exists in great quantity. and bring the
produce of the future colonies in the
montana to the Pacific coast across the
Andes at comparatively reasonable
freight rates.
Whether or not this sanguine hope of
the Peruvian president will ever be
realized. only the future can make
known. Practical American and Brit
fsh railway men have looked over the
problem and shaken their heads dubi-
ously. 1t may be left for the increase
in the earths population to put such
pressure on the dwindling areas of
food producing land that it will be
feasible to open up this wonderful gar
den region.
Had the President of Peru been dis
Evening star., 1915-08-15
ire1s s-Eye View of South American Trade Situation

able terms of exchange which he can
get in London, Paris and Berlin.
And yet he will meet with encour-
aagement. too. One of the great ele-
ments in his favor is the undoubted
merit of American goods and the pref
erence of the populations of south
America for them. Retail stores In
South America which carry North
American lines usually advertise that
fact, while it is seldom that one finds
retail establishment making any
point Of it's German or British ar
ticles.
The Latin American regards the trade
mark. Made in L. S. A." as sort of
guarantee of superiority. This is part
ly due to the fact that the American
articles in widest use in South Amer
ica are inventions for comfort or con-
venience, and partly because Yankee
goods are high priced, and the South
American is humanity prone to judge
quality by price.
There are indications that other DIM
culties in the way of increased Ameri-
can trade may be smoothed out. The
National City Bank of New York is
pioneering in South America with our
first foreign branch banks. This ven-
ture will bring credit information that
American exporters have lacked, and it
will also do much to relieve the eX-
change difficulty. Moreover, there is a
disposition on the part of American
manufacturer and South American
buyer to make mutual concessions
Evening star., 1915-08-15

He cannot get it by default. Nor can
he secure il by sending the ordinary
crackajack travelling salesman. who
is accustomed to SELL the trade of
three suburban towns day and get
into the city by nightso as to stop at
good hotel
he man who goes to study Latin
American trade for any manufacturer
must be philosopher and broad
gauge economist as well as business
man. Preferably it should be the man
ufacturer himself. II business men of
broad caliber go to the southern CONT
nent il will not be long before the
American export figures show the re-
suit. A great service of the present
war is to give the opportunity for a
study OF the situation and the time 10
the American exporter to establish his
South American headquarters and make
friends with the buyers in preparation
for the real trade struggle which will
begin when the European war ends
The problem of South American trade
Is worth solving by American business
men. Not only will il offer n compara-
tive test of the efficiency of American
business methods. but successful con-
quest would bring an immense gain to
the United States.
Just before the war unsettled the
business conditions in the Latin Amer
ican countries the foreign import trade
of South America amounted to over
$l,o2o,ooo.Ooo per year, OF which the
United States supplied about S12o.Ooo.-
600. These figures. however, do not
give an adequate idea of the real stu
alton, for the American products i'm
ported by South America were chiefly
either non-competitive goods or in
ventions of marked superiority over
similar products of Europe.
Greater than the money rewards OF
American supremacy in the South
American market would be the polit-
ical benefit The United States has its
Monroe doctrine to maintain in South
America, and II is becoming increas-
ingly important that the relations be-
tween the thriving republics of the
south and the United States should be
more cordial Nothing is more certain
to bring about greater international
friendliness than strong ties of trade
interchange.
Increased American trade will mean
better and quicker means of commu-
ter understanding of each other and
thus more mutual sympathy and ap-
proval of national ideals of each other.
The effect of the war in Europe in
South America has been to cause the
nations there to look with more friend
liness on the United States now than i'm
many years. There is disgust for the
bloodshed in Europe, and a strong
feeling of the mutual interest of neu-
trality with the United States. The
opportunity is ripe now for Americans.
with their business emissaries. to ce-
ment this attitude into a lasting af-
fection.
Copyright. 1915, by Robert F. wilson)
Evening star., 1915-08-15

full place. and it was in many instances
accepted and appreciated.
The building is particularly asso-
ciated with Lincoln, for it was under
it's protecting shade that he spent the
trying days of his administration and
worked with endless patience for the
preservation of the Union. In the cor
ner room With the big gray gable he
prepared his famous proclamation of
the emancipation. This paper was
written in June and discussed with the
cabinet in July, but it was two: months
later before it was given out to the
public. =
X X -,
This task must have been .uppermost
in Lincoln's mind during the ,quiet days
he spent at the home. as a letter writ
ten to Horace Greeley at that time, con-
tains many thoughts on this great
problem. =,
IF there be those who would not save
the Union unless at the same time save
slavery, i don't agree with them II
there be those who would not save the
Union unless at the same time they
could destroy slavery,S>I' don't agree
with them. My paramount object is to
Evening star., 1915-08-15

of a lighter nature. He then presented
his paper and told them it was his own
work and that he was ready to take all
responsibility for it himself. The
proclamation was then signed and by
evening it was published broadcast, by
the press. 1t was read with interest
everywhere, and in the north particu-
larly was received with enthusiasm.
The Anderson cottage was known as
the Presidents cottage and the Man
sion House until 1888, when 1t was
given its present title in honor of Brig.
Gen. Robert Anderson, who during his
life worked zealously in behalf Of the
homes establishment. His relatives
claim that he was the originator of the
institution, but this distinction is gen.
orally conceded to Gen. W1nf1eld Scott.
Anderson's father was a soldier of the
revolution, and after that war was
over he worked to locate and care for
the disabled heroes of that conflict on
the bounty lands given them by the
always had the thought of the old
soldiers uppermost in his mind and
after his graduation from West Point
in 1925 he. began to shape. plans to
carry out his cherished idea. Con-
gress passed a bill authorizing the es-
tablishment of the present home in
1851, but as Andersons name did not
appear on it, the credit was passed on
to another.
Anderson was at that time aid to
Gen. Scott, and it is possible that the
ideas were his that were presented to
Congress. At any rate, he was an i'm
portant factor in the founding of the
institution and the honor OF having a
special building there named after him
is at least. some recognition of his en-
deavors 1t is interesting to note also
that this WAS the same Anderson who
was in charge of Fort Sumter al. the
outbreak of the civil war. Before that
struggle was over he was made major
general and retired on account of i'll
health. In 1871 he died at Nice, France:
This home, which is considered one OF
the finest in the land, was started in 1S4S
with 100000 from the governments
money received as war tax from Mexico
Each enlisted man in the regular army
was asked to contribute rs cents month
for its maintenance. but this sum was
decreased. and finally eliminated, SO great
Evening star., 1915-08-15

was the amount received. WHllo unuer
the supervision. of the War Department,
there is no federal appropriation for its
support Congress has at different times
authorized the use of uneXpended sums
for this purpose 1t is now Self-Support-
ing, the money coming largely from volun-
tary contributions from the army, court
martial fees and unclaimed money belong
ing to deceased soldiers.
Any enlisted man may enter the home
if he has been honorably discharged from
the service, and politics, creed or sectional
strife are entirely unknown. An inmate
is really a soldier no longer, but civilian
after entering the institution, and he can
stay a day, week or a lifetime, according
to his wishes. He does not forfeit his
pension upon entering, unless he desires
to turn it over for the benefit of the
home. His clothing, board and all neces-
sary expenses are borne by the manage
ment. In health and sickness he is cared
for, and his time is his own to use as
he sees fit. Some of the men serve as
walters in the dining hall or help out on
the farm, and for these duties they re-
ceive a small compensation.
There is a splendid library of 1900
volumes at the disposal of the old SOL
diers, and cards. pool and other diver
sions are provided for their amusement.
Each evening in the theater in Stanley
Hall there is some form of entertain
ment, and just now the popular "mov-
ies' are shown three evenings in the
week. In spite of these pleasures af-
forded them, a large number of the
men prefer to spend their time in the
beautiful grounds chatting with others
over some passed event in the war
time of their lives.
The grounds are all that could be de-
sired and are open to the people of the
city, who enjoy their shaded walks and
pleasant drives. The presence of can
non balls. waving flags and bugle calls
give the necessary military appearance,
for the home is conducted on a semi
military basis. Court-martials are held.
punishment is ordered for infringe
ment of rules, and If an. offender re-
fuses to obey he is subject to dis
missal. The gates close at o'clock.
and all who have been without its lin
its must be on hand at that time or
punishment is given him on the follow
Ing morning. This is usually a re-
Evening star., 1915-08-15

cussing the extension of American
trade he could not have contrived a
sentence which formulated in fewer
words the procedure which American
business men must adopt IL they wish
to obtain larger share of the foreign
business Of South America. One of the
objects of our journey was to discover
what changes in the trade situation
have been caused by the present war
in Europe. and how profound and per-
manent those changes may be. e.
-
The conclusion we reached, after
visiting successfully the nations Of
Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Argentina, Uru-
quay, Paraguay and Brazil, was that
except for a temporary advantage given
to United States products during the
continuation of the European HOSTILE
ties, the situation is different one for
the ambitious American exporter.
Any idea that the large share Of
Latin American trade is to come to the
United States by default prevails only
United States by default. In interviews
with the leading men of South America,
natives and foreigners, importers,
agents for foreign houses, bankers,
editors and politicians and our own dip
lomatic representatives. not one ex-
pressed the opinion that as a conse-
quence of the war in Europe the ex-
port goods of the United States will
dominate the South American market
without particular effort on the part Of
American exporters.
For the moment, the American pro-
portion of the trade has greatly in
creased. principally in the supply Of in
dispensable articles now cut off from
export from Europe. but no man con-
versant with conditions in South
America doubts for moment that
when peace again prevails the Euro
pe-n houses with South American
branches will regain the trade. which
they have temporarily of necessity
abandoned. one nation picking up what
business any other will be forced to
drop permanently.
There may be small permanent in
crease of American trade, due to
general reduction of Europe's capacity
for production, but the traders of
Latin America do not expect such an
increase to be more than small.
Indeed, the future effect of the war
may actually be adverse to certain lines
of American commodities. There has
been noted already among American
producers a disposition to treat s%ght-
ingly these emergency orders Il ,m
Evening star., 1915-08-15

One of the Many Picturesque and In
teresting Buildings in Washington and Vi
cinity-Used During the Summer Months
by Presidents Buchanan, Lincoln, Hayes
and Arthur Where President Wrote
Emancipation Proclamation House Again
Mentioned as a Possible Summer White
House-Located on Grounds of the SOL
diers Home, Adjoining the Main Building.
Evening star., 1915-08-15

with regard to trade customs and thus
strike compromise arrangement,
which will satisfy both sides.
The American manufacturer does not
wish to extend the long credit which
the German and other houses have been
affording, and the Latin American mer-
chant and jobber of the more conserva-
tive sort is coming to be convinced that
these long credits are a business mis-
take. There seems to be no doubt that
the credit problem can be solved If the
North American manufacturers make
Evening star., 1915-08-15

American republics. There is to be
noted, in addition, a tendency on the
part of Americans to ship goods of
sort and in a manner conforming more
closely to the wishes of the South
American buyers.
Thus it can be demonstrated that 1t is
possible for the manufacturer of the
United States to get'a permanent Latin
American business. But he cannot get
it by.waiting for the orders to come in
because of the inability of Europe. ex-
hausted by the war, to furnish goods.
Evening star., 1915-08-15

behind it strong popular approval.
Thus. among the nations of South
America which have attained stability
of government. Benavides is unique in
that he is a revolutionary provisional
president.
The day is nearly at hand. when he
will he called upon to turn the gov
ernment over to his regularly elected
successor, Jose Pardo. now rector of
the university at Lima. An interest
ing rapprochement in Peruvian politics
is expected when this day arrives, but
Evening star., 1915-08-15

General Facts Concerning Conditions
in South America Which Must Be Reck-. !.
oned With by American Exporters -Presi-
dent Benavides of Peru Friend of the
"Yankee Trader'-Trade Will Not Come
to Us by Default-Effects of the European
War on the South American Markets.
Evening star., 1915-08-15

any earnest attempt to get Latin
American trade.
Moreover, it has been demonstrated
in more than one South American re-
public that the population can he
quickly educated to demand American
styles and types of goods. Formerly il
was declared that the trade situation
was hopeless for the Yankee manu-
facturer because he refused to make
styles and types demanded by the South
Evening star., 1915-08-15

fore any business was attempted Lin
coin read to the members from a hu-
morous volume of Artemus Ward. In
the midst of the laughter provoked by
the story Stanton arose and suggested
that they give their serious attention
to the pressing problems of the nation.
Lincoln answered that he was right,
but that he read his selection to relieve
the great burden which he feared too
heavy to bear without some diversion
Evening star., 1915-08-15

~ NE OF tne most interesting
III " buildings in the Soldiers Home
~ cottage adjoining the main
building that is known to visitors as
the Anderson House, often mentioned
as suitable for a summer White House.
In former years it served as summer
White House and Presidents Lincoln.
Buchanan, Arthur and Hayes passed
the heated days of their terms at the
quiet retreat. In fact, the custom of
the country's rulers to have special
home for the summer months at
mountain or seaside resort is COM
paratively new one. At the time when
the Anderson House was used for this
purpose the various methods of al
leviating the heat of the capitals sea-
son were not as perfect as they are
now. The management of the Soldiers
Home, which is an institution of the
regular army. thought it fitting for the
President. by reason of his office as.
comma nder-in chief of the army, to
accept the hospitality of this delight
Evening star., 1915-08-15

An Unfortunate Incident in Coal Pre-
dominant Position in the Trade of South
America Can Be Won Only After Costly
Struggle = What the American Manufac-
turer Should Do to Build Up a Business
There = The Popularity of American
Goods-The Proposed Political Benefit.
Evening star., 1915-08-15
AMERICAN MIN.

strictitn of privileges or the impose
tion of some added duty.
The various buildings are named
after the great heroes of the country
and are built of white marble and
granite. There is an up-to-date hos
pital and chapel also. Not far away is
the tomb of Gen. Logan and a marble
sarcophagus erected to the memory of
President Lincoln.
Evening star., 1915-08-15

Will Americans capture the foreign trade of
South America: Will Europe have I" ahaiidon
her lucrative commerce in that continent because
of the present war? What changes in tie trade
situation have been caused hy the war: Does
the war make II easier harder for Americans
to get South American trade: Is the present
American trade campaign meeting with Success
In South America: All these questions arc an
swered In a series of articles by Robert +. VIII
sou. Of which this is the first. Mr.. Wilson was
dore E. Burton on his recent tour Of South Amer
lea. Seven Latin American repuhli's-Peru 30,
lvia Chile. Argentina CTugusy. Paraguay and
BraZl-were visited .
There exceptional opportunities in all ot
these countries for the collection of latest m
formation about the progress of American trade.
This article and the following oues embodylng
this information, will throw light on numoTr
OF phases of the trade problem at present httie
understood by the American public.
Evening star., 1915-08-15

consists of open deep grass pampas,
which do not have to be cleared. All
in all, nature seems to have spared
nothing to make this region, which is
of magnificent extent, paradise on
earth.
But the same nature which provided
SO lavishly for the Peruvian montana
also threw up the gigantic barrier of
the Peruvian Andes and thereby almost
Evening star., 1915-08-15

he is a soldier, accustomed to speak
with a soldiers, directness and without
prettiness of phrasing. At the mo-
ment, however, he was not discussing
the extension of Yankee trade in
Peru. He had been telling about the
marvellous empire of Peru lying be-
tween the Andes and .the Putomay
rubber district of the upper Amazon,
a region in which. by the way, Bena-
vides made tremendous reputation
by the efficiency of his command of the
Peruvian troops during the boundary
dispute with Ecuador.
Having soldiered up and down the
montana country. as the eastern An
dean slope down to Amazon navigation
is called. Senior Benavides was particu-
larly qualified to speak about this al
most unknown territory, which un-
doubtedly possesses some claims to the
title of being the most amazing agri-
cultural region of the earth.
Cplifted enough above the Amazon
basin to be beyond its extremes of
heat and humidity. the montana is vir-
tually hothouse. warm enough to
raise every tropical plant III luxurious
growth, cool enough to grow the plants
and fruits of the temperate zone and
with a soil. as fertile as any on earth.
Lying almost on the equator, the eli
mate is the same the year round, and
there are no seasons. Much of the land
Evening star., 1915-08-15

save the Union. II could save the
Union by freeing all the slaves ! would
do it,. If 4 could free some and leave
others alone, and thus save the Union.
1 would do that. What do regarding
slavery l do because 1 believe it will
help save the Union, and what / for
bear l forebear because l think it will
help. save the Union. / will do less
whenever l feel what / am doing hurts
the cause. will do more whenever l
Evening star., 1915-08-15

meanwhile. as long as Senor Benavides
remains president. or whenever in the
future he may become President of
Peru, American business men may rest
assured that they have a real friend
in that nations highest Office.
Sow American dollars and reap
pounds sterling" said President Bena-
vides in our interview with him. and
then he smiled at his own epigram, for
Evening star., 1915-08-15
FRONT VIEW OF ANDERSON HOUSE.

feel doing more will help the cause"
This letter was written In July and the
actual drafting of the proclamation
had taken place month before.
After the battle of Antietam,: in Sep
tember, 1862 when the President heard
that Lees army had been driven out of
Maryland across the Potomac, he called
the cabinet together and presented the
proclamation. The proceedings of that
meeting were strangely unusual. Be-