davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Oakes times. [volume] (Oakes, N.D.) 1906-current, 1915-07-08
Homemade cheese was worth $40,

Homemade cheese was worth slO.-
1916.
Returns from cream and milk sold
through other avenues amounted to
the sum of s47O,117.29, the total sum
of the foregoing six items being $4.-
5,271.28.
In the spring of 1914 there were in
the state 534,662 horses, 9,123 mules,
6s9,66s cattle, s3,Os9 sheep, 459,9s2
hogs and 210,3O6 milking cows.
The state has a state university
agricultural college, hree normal
schools and another projected, blind
school, deaf and dumb school, home
for the feeble-minded, industrial
school, school Of forestry, school of
science, soldiers home, one agricul-
tural experiment station and five sub.
stations, one mining experiment sub.
station.
North Dakota raises more spring
wheat and fax than any other state
or province on the continent, yet less
than half of its arabic area is undc,
the plow. 1t offers a comfortable
home and prospective wealth to the
energetic and thrifty, and welcomes
within its borders all who possess
those qualifications.
The Oakes times. [volume] (Oakes, N.D.) 1906-current, 1915-07-08
CARD OF THANKS

We wish to thank the members OF
the Masonic Orders, the Eastern Star,
the Ladies Aid, Mothers Club, the
Sunday school classes, Camp Fire
girls, Cradle Roll and Little Light
Bearers. and the many friends for the
beautiful floral offerings and their
kind help and loving sympathy during
the illness and after the death of our
darling baby.
MIR. and Mrs. F. C.. Root
and Family.
MIR. and Mrs. G. H. Ladd
The Oakes times. [volume] (Oakes, N.D.) 1906-current, 1915-07-08
PAYING HOMAGE TO
THE POSTAGE STAMP

Of printing had there come to human
beings such boon as was launched in
England on May 6, 1840, when the
first postage stamps were used. That
date in history marked the beginning
Of popular communication, placing
within the reach Of the poorest peas
ant the means Of writing to relatives
and friends. 1t put the people Of the
world into closer touch, it encouraged
the art of writing rs no other agency
had done. But greatest Of all, it
spread civilization.
1t was in 184O that Rowland Hill,
an English schoolmaster, stirred all
Europe to laughter by declaring tina:
James Chalmers and himself had de-
vised q system whereby q two-sheet
letter could be sent from London to
Edinburgh for 2 cents and yet leave
the government a fair profit on the
transaction. At that time the fee was
81 cents for that distance for q two
sheet letter. Such an idea seemed RI
diculous to the public, which looked
upon the sending Of communications
as an expensive luxury. And So the
joke went around, and the poor laugh
ed with the others at the idea Of any
means that would place them on q
par with the aristOcracy.
Hill persisted despite the ridicu!e
He worked diligently on his schedule
and when the time was ripe he flashed
the system on parliament and the pub.
lie. Hill offered proof that was incon-
trovertible that the actual cost to the
government for carrying each letter
averaged only small fraction Of 9
cent. He proved that the expense Of
hiring men to figure out postal rates
on the system then existing, based or
distance and the number of sheets
was greater than the profit gained
and he urged the adoption of a flat
rate for all letters under a certain
weight, no matter how short or long 8
journey they were to make. He origi.
mated the idea Of pasting label or
every letter, to show that the cost hac
been prepaid to the government, anc
he pointed out that this would save
the expense and time of collecting al
point of delivery, which custom wa.
then in general use.
The postage stamp came into use il
the United States in 1847, seven year!
after Great Britain had adopted it
IS and 10-cent stamps were the first
American postage stamps, and the,
carried the heads of Franklin ant
Washington. Four years later the
letter rate was lowered to 3 cents, ant
in 1883 to 2 cents. Before the postage
stamp was adopted, the postal charge:
were more moderate in the United
States than in England. Our rate:
were 6 cents for 30 miles or less; 12E
cents up to $50 miles; 1871 cents W
to 400 miles, and 25 cents for ever,
distance over that.
Hill, the discoverer of postage
stamps, was knighted and received {
gift of S45,0OO, raised by public sub
scriptiOn.
The Oakes times. [volume] (Oakes, N.D.) 1906-current, 1915-07-08
CARD OF THANKS

We wish to thank the good people
Of the Glover vicinity for their kind
help and sympathy during the illness
and after the death of our beloved son
and brother, Nile Payton.
MIR. and Mrs. ]. F. Payton
and Family.
The Oakes times. [volume] (Oakes, N.D.) 1906-current, 1915-07-08

The Times thanks those who
have responded 90 literally
with financial assistance for
that new block.
We have not enough vet to
pull through and would kindly
ask those owing The Times for
subscription, advertising or job
work to renit now. The money
10 badly needed.
The Publisher.
The Oakes times. [volume] (Oakes, N.D.) 1906-current, 1915-07-08

Since you are planning to take a
business course this year, why not ar
range to start in at the fall opening ?
That is the best time. The fall term
at the Mankato Commercial College,
Mankato, Mimi, begins Sept. /. You
better send for their catalogue now.
1t will surprise you. 4
The Oakes times. [volume] (Oakes, N.D.) 1906-current, 1915-07-08
FIRE MEETING

The regular meeting Of the Fire
Department, to be held last evening,
was postponed until Wednesday even
ing, July 14th, when all members are
requested to be present.
p. ]. Aasen, Chief.
The Oakes times. [volume] (Oakes, N.D.) 1906-current, 1915-07-08
NOTICE

To the Patrons of Route No. 4:
You are requested to NOW all grass
and weeds along the road sides on
your farms along the route.
BY Order Of the Town Board:
Charlie johnson,
26" Chairman.
The Oakes times. [volume] (Oakes, N.D.) 1906-current, 1915-07-08

DR.. and Mrs. j. A. Dieffenbacher
and son Alfred and Miss Gwen Huff
man arrived home Tuesday morning
from their outing at the Minnesota
Lakes.
The Oakes times. [volume] (Oakes, N.D.) 1906-current, 1915-07-08
United Lutheran

Services in Oakes July 1lth at IL
O'Clock and at o'clock in the evening
Sunday school at 10 o'clock. You are
cordially invited.
u. H. Lindland, Pastor.
The Oakes times. [volume] (Oakes, N.D.) 1906-current, 1915-07-08
STATE CENSUS SHOWS
SLIGHT INCREASE IN COUNTY

County Auditor Misfeldt has COM
piled the census for the county and
gives out total of 1O.O55 for this
year as compared with $3.50 made by
the federal census of five years ago.
This shows that the county has held
its own in few years when immigra-
tion was practically at a standstill.
Oakes shows up with a popu' alton of
1,4O3 as compared with 1,499 five
years ago, while Glendale shows
1861 as against 1889 five years ago.
The Times will give the population
in detail by townships and cities next
week.
The Oakes times. [volume] (Oakes, N.D.) 1906-current, 1915-07-08

Someone wanting an organ cheap
should see Mrs. Persinger. The La
dies Aid Society is going to sell the
one that was used in the church.
The Oakes times. [volume] (Oakes, N.D.) 1906-current, 1915-07-08

Rooms to let, electric lighted. Mrs.
Fay.
The Oakes times. [volume] (Oakes, N.D.) 1906-current, 1915-07-08
Eighteen Acres Purchased From ]. NJ.
Hackney-Price Said to be
$4,000
WORK ON THE BUILDING
WILL START NEXT MONTH
New Concern il One of the Lareest
to Locate In st. Paul in
Ten Years
{ The st. Paul Dispatch)

The Willys Overland Automobile
Company Of Cleveland and Toledo
Ohio, will build one Of the largest au.
tomobile plants in the West in st
Paul. Work on q million dollar plant
to be located in the Midway, will star,
next month.
Although it became known Satur'
day that the Willys Overland com.
pany would locate in st. Paul, details
of the deal were withheld until yester.
day.
The Oakes times. [volume] (Oakes, N.D.) 1906-current, 1915-07-08
SELECT ST. PAUL

For more than three months the
officers have toured the West with
their building contractor, architect
and traffic experts. st. Paul was the
city chosen on account of its location
and excellent railroad facilities.
The Oakes times. [volume] (Oakes, N.D.) 1906-current, 1915-07-08
TO RELIEVE CONGESTION

The WHY'S Overland Automobile
company this year will make $50 cars
day or 100000 cars. The last state
ment of the company showed it to
have $1,000 untitled orders.
Next year the company will market
a cheaper car and expects to turn out
100000 cars when the st. Paul plant
relieves the congestion at Toledo.
The st. Paul plant will supply every
thing west of the Mississippi river to
the Pacific coast.
The Oakes times. [volume] (Oakes, N.D.) 1906-current, 1915-07-08
HACKNEY MAKES DEAL

The company has purchased from
L. S. and J. NJ. Hackney eighteen
acres in the Midway. 1t faces 500
feet on University avenue, opposite
the big plant Of the Illinois Steel
company, and lies between Eustis and
Clifford streets.
Work on the erection of buildings
costing about $1,OOO,OOO will be
started within a month. The deal
was made by ]. M. Hackney of the
Hackney Investment Company.
SITE COST $4,000
Although the consideration for the
site was not made public, it is known
to be in the neighborhood of $3.50, 900.
The new concern is one of the larg-
est to come to st. Paul during the
past ten years, and a large corps Of
men will be employed. In order to
complete the structure it will be nec-
essary for the Willys Overland people
to secure the vacation of Clifford
street, which has never been used OF
graded. The cross streets will be
bridged in order to bring the various
buildings together.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1915-06-01
IMPORTANT CHANGES
ARE INAUGURATED At
THE PENTENTIARY
.L.C. Sherwood Succeeds John
Bengen As Deputy Warden
Engineer Named

Some importaRtS changes in the staff
of officers at therpenitentiary, under
the administration Of Warden Harry
p, Mimic, took place yesterday morninr
when j. j, Bengen, for more than 70
years deputy warden at the prison was
succeeded by l.. G. Sherwood of tbis
city and George Lsbarcc, for eight
years chief engineer at the institution.
gave place to G, L. Barrick. Az an
nounced in the Joufnal yesterday. l..
j. McGlvn, for the faSt two and a half
years night clerk at the Hotel Marion,
resumed his old position of chief of the
commissary at the prison, having reliey.
ed Levi Banner, who has held the posi-.
tion for the past year and half.
The most important change to have
been wrought was in the relief OF John
Bengen in the deputy wardenship. Mr..
Bongen has held this position since
Frank Curtis first assumed the warden.
ship of the penitentiary. He came from
Portland, and it " understood that he
has returned to Portland to seek other
employment. H. G. Sherwood, who sue.
ceeds him, is an experienced and com,
petent man for the position, having
served in that capacity under the ad.
ministrations of Governors Lord and
Geer dating from January 1895. Ia
January, 1903, inclusive. Warden Min
to S complement a. chief assistants /.
now practically complete, and no fur
ther changes of any great significanc,
are anticipated.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1915-06-01
Army and Navy to Reply.

Rome, June 1--we will let our
army and navy-not documents--reply
to ltaly's enemies, -
With this promise Of the answer that
will be made to charges made against
Italy by the Teutonic allies a proclaim.
alton was issued today calling attention
to the "ycnOmous statements Of Aus.
tria and Germany since the beginning
Of the war.
Italian diplomats declare the govern.
meut has In its possession other dOcu.
ments than those made public in the
recent green book, disprOying tho Aus.
trian and German statements that Italy
was never mcnaccd. These diplomats
said today that the documents refer
especially 10 Austrian and German
threats following the Mcssua disaster
when Italy was impoverished and un
able to protect herself,
The enthusiasm which has swept
Italy since war was declared upon the
county's northern enemies has never
been cclipscd since the war Of indie.
pendcnce. Mobilization was carried out
promptly aud In the highest spirits
Thousands offered themselves as vol.
untecrs, but since the first excitement
and demonstrations life in the large
cities Is now practically unchanged
from normal times. The railroads have
not been cloed to the public since mob
ilization has been In progress so that
travelling is possible as usual
The public has the utmost confidence
in King Victor Emmanuel 3 army and
navy There is nothing but absolute
confidence as TO the outcome Of the
tyur
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1915-06-01
Won Mackensen's Troops Ex-
hauSted By Rapid Advance
Upon PrzemysI
AUSTRO-G GERMAN ARMY
NOW ON DEFENSIVE
Italy Preparing To Rush Well
Trained Army Into Action
Along Border

Petrograd, June l.-General Won
Mackenacn S advance upon Przemysl
has been hal5cd, his offensive complete
ly checked and the Austro. German
forces thrown upon the defensive.
An official statement from the war
office made this announcement today.
1t was declared in military circles that
the German stack appeared to be en-.
tircly spcnt and that the exhausted
forces of tn, enemy were being rolled
back over the territory which they
sacrificed thousands OF men to capture
1.-The Austro.G2rman offensive about
Przcmysl has been definitely stopped
the official statement declared
Z" Both north and south of Przemys
the enemy ia entirely on the defen
sive. ~
The left wing Of General Nn Mack
ensen S army is now being forced back
against the San river and across the
Lubaczowka, it was declared today
Pushing forward in northwesterly di
rection with hc.vy reinfOrccments, thu
Russians are hurliug back the exhaust
ed Germans all along this front To tn
south of pr2cmy9l, similar operation
are being successfully executed.
In the direction OF Chyrof, the Rus
slams have ass1med the offensive, tn
official statement asserted and hay
advanced slightly The number o
Austrian and German prisoners falliaI
into the hands Of the Russians ar
steadily Increasing.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1915-06-01
FOUR GUNS PUT OUT
OF COMMISSION AT
PUGET SOUND FORT
Work of Foreign Spy Feared
War Department Denies
knowledge Of Case

Port Townsend, Wash. June l.-Of.
ficers at Fort Flager today declared
they have no explanation to offer or
any theory to account for an apparent
attempt to put four guns, including a
big siege gun, out Of commission.
Whether some person connected with
the fort tampered with the guns or
whether some mysterious outsider did
it, is the puaalng question, and the
army officials are no nearer u solution
to the question today than when it was
first presented two weeks ago.
The breech blocks in the guns had
been removed, destroying the mechan'
ism with which the guns are loaded.
As a result, extra guards have been
stationed at the various batteries and
substantions and visitors are not al.
lowed except by special permit It is
rumored also that the government has
been advised that Fort Worden has
been photographed by spies, as to every
detail.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1915-06-01
Next P. E. 0. Session
Going To Portland

Forest Grove, Or, June AT the
conclusion of the state convention Of
the =. T.. o. IN this city, II was voted
10 hold the next annual convention In
Portland. The delegates gave O vote
NJ appreciation 10 the local chapter for
the manner In which they had been en-
tertnined. Every chapter In oregon is
In noufishing condition financially,
aud much good has been accomplished
during the last year according 10 re-.
ports.
Oregon grand chapter Officers elected
fof the ensuing year were! President,
Mrs. Eleanor X Brases Chapter r.
Portland; first president, Mrs. We.
da Jone., Chapter A. Portland; second
yicc president Miss Beatrice Kirkup
Chapter T., Portland; recording secre.
tnry Mrs Jessie W Kirk, Chapter II
Eugene; corresponding secretary Mrs
Carrie Il. Beaumont, Chapter G. Port
land; treasurer, Miss Laura Grant
Chapter q, salem; organizer Mrs. Dor
othy Seymour Chapter d, Forest Grove
delegnte 20 the supreme convention at
Los Angelcs, Mrs. Fila SAKE Herman
chapter G. Portland.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1915-06-01
President VIII Not Back Down
From Original Position In
First Note
WILL FORWARD EVIDENCE
TO GERMANY AT ONCE
Positive Proof That Lusitania
Was Not Armed When
Cleared From Port
(By John Edwin Nevin)

Washington, June l--Prcsident vii.
son and the cabinet today went over
the official text of Gcmany's 5 evasiyc
reply to this government s ncto pro.
testing against the submarine warfare.
Later the president suggested that
all comment as TO the note be with.
held for the present. Now that the OF.
trial text has been discussed by the
cabinet, he said, it might be dangerous
to make cOniccWros Of too wide ma.
turo ns to his reply because such con,
lectures, cabled abroad, invariably cnus
ed the government trouble.
President Wilson told callers today
that he was hopeful of completing his
reply TO Germany so as to forward il
to Berlin at the earliest possible mo
ment II is understood this may be by
Thursday OF Friday
Callers at the White House were tolJ
that the cabinet had discussed the Ger
man note in all its phases, The discus
sion was liberal, cacn member giyinl
his views Of the best reply that shuulC
bc made
The president hoc never looked bet
ter han when he received the newspa
per correspondents today. His colo
was excellent, showing the effect of tn
rides and outdoor exercise which DR.
Cary Gruyson has insisted upon during
the past month when the president hal
been called upon to do an enormous
amount Of WOrN. II is understood Pres
idcnt Wilson la hopeful that a way muy
yet be found to secure Germany s go
operation in safeguarding non.combnt
ants and Americans in the war zones
He said he had received endorsements
uN the original position taken by M,
| administration from every section Of
the country Tho president x stand wa,
not changed by the cabinet meeting
today, II is understood. lie had already
made mp his mind ns to the next step
but desired to hcar the views of III,
cabinet members
With the motto which will be- for
wardcd TO Berlin u response t0 Ger
many's answer 10 the American pro
test will be positive evidence gathered
| by the administration through the com
mcrcc department showing conclusivcly
that the Lusitanla was not armed Thn
evidence furnished by the collector Of
the port Of New YuIL will be prcscnteI
in rcfutniiou of The German charge that
the Lustauia carried mounted ns wei
as unmountcd guns.
II was predicted today that the prcsi
dent will cxpnin the nature of thi.
evidence to Ambassador Won BernstOrll
during their conference tomorrow Il
will be- pointed out 20 the German en-
yoy that, IN accordance with the neu
trality proclamation, armed belIigcrcni
vessels have not been permitted t,
clear American ports, aud furthermOr,
hat examination Of the Lusltanla show
ed the liner 10 boz unarmei and com
plying In every respect with the ncu
trality regulations
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1915-06-01
Growers Hitherto Outside Of
Any Pool Cast Their Lots
With Association
TO OPEN HEADQUARTERS
And ENGAGE A MANAGER
Typical Pool and Industry
"WreCkerS" Are Smoked
Out Selfish Traits

Out Of total of 30 loganberry grow.
ers IN attendance ut the big assoiation
meeting AT the Salem Fruit Union YES.
terday afternoon who had not hitherto
joined any pool Of this year = prospec.
tive crop, all but three indicated an In.
clnatiou TO come into the pool, and %
OF them actually signed up with The as.
sociation and cast their lot and this
year crop with the big majority. Two
others later signed up with the viii
lamctte Valley Pmne Growers associa.
ton poo
As forccastod in the Capital journal
Of Yesterday the association also voted
10 open headquarters in Salem within
the very near future, aud the board Of
directors was authorized TO employ q
competent man TO assume charge Of
the organization work aud the manage.
ment Of the interests Of the pool. His
,ury is to be- fixed by the board Of
directur. aud s 10 be paid out Of the
money left Zoo the advertising fund of
last year and by membership subscrip.
tIou.
The Officers Of the Lognnberry Grow.
ers association. ls well as those affil
ntod with the pools Of the Salem Fruit
union and che willamette Valley prune
Growers association, regard the action
and results OF Yesterday y meeting as
of the utmost Importance 20 the future
prospect. of thp industry, and they e1.
pressed themselves as very much en-.
couragel hy the success or the move.
mcnt
Practically alI Of those who elected
20 pmr into the pool yesterday were
grower. and bod been taking their
chance, with 'hp open market without
exception. every one Of them confessed
that they bad begun 10 see the hand.
writing ON tho vail - aud had decided
that n were much better 20 join hands
and 20 down together. II needs be, than
40 srh separately and drag the indus.
ir dnsu with them. After lt was
made clear t0 them that thorough and
,fisriiyr organization was the only
moan. of saving this wear = market for
ayaporatpI berries from utter demofal
gafion. as aas ihe case last year aud
the year previous. they came in unhesi.
tatIngly
typical "Wrerker" Is Roasted" "
There was one grower in attendance
a. the meeting who refused 10 join In
a
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1915-06-01
German Threats Alarm.
< Z 4 = * = = 4 x * !; y 4; & 4 !

Lmdou May l9.--Nlailed to New
U,NI when Heppelins come to Lon.
Tua pI,1e ,'19ey will find London ready. The
"Ii!,.s'ers noi!. are saying little about Yep.
s,''us' Ihey expect o raid and they
he hn preparing. Officials are known to
q .iue aG,e ceased to take the German threats
,t "a grain Of salt Since the sinking
M 'ne Lustania they are viewing
Go.ls Ga,uss more seriously They believe the
w s,i,uaIs ,n,l, When they say they will try
level London.
H. lor months preparations to receive
rg ,., 'old have been going on. The gen.
m public knows that antiIaircraft
s" so"' are IN readiness TO shoot the heay.
.a,.uli as luli Of holes Firemen have been
bgt tygUlIy ,gy trained to fight fires caused
az 'TIy'nltary bombs. The aerial wings
tn.u, ue army and navy yet have several
al P,c cards which they have not play
l'a. throughout England huge aero.
V"le' nave been constructed each hay.
,ns uo1en iast air cruisers. Connect.
,ls u'se aerodromes is "firc
,",,9 ",u system which will tell every
BnoO 'Oe'ome IN due time that the 2eppe.
toD nave arrived on their fearful mis-.
Of At ,'At the signal for activity hundred.
Go 1am6le bee" warriors will soar "a
Gno AM atltsck. t%k. Every one carries a mapa
s5",,,I "g ,uII of small high explosive bomb.
M G'pped l with sharp hooks The Brit
ma 'uH gt 10 rush at the Zeppelins at the
ioV.n VI 100 miles an hour, then slow
brnaa overhead and launch tae hooked
bs,no' ao' equipped with time fuses. After
bomE hooked in the zeppelins the
psso' os HIlI not explode until the aero
Ma NM, nave had time to escape safely
bs5svv.55 5'w hooked bomb" defense I,
n,,ea n,o,, TO have been used during The
nssii, a't raid on Kent Ten navaI
Of zal' za,ne' at Dunkirk trailed a number
rssipp.p nins at that place. Flight Com
Gsso,5t, Ellsworth rose until over one
ror9 g9,'l9g 10 the admiralty report Bips
is,, cropped four bombs when 2OC
mn oS0le ~ the airship. A large col
oae Of smoke was seen 10 come from
'ue compartments and the Zcp