Bisbee daily review., 1915-11-21
Search for Arizona's Treasure First Started in Southern Sec
 ton of State by Indians

hi duDWl hNNf dtNuIItN IllIt TO Ndlu- able mining property in the Atascosa mountains on the west and the Santa Rita mountains on the east. including the old Salero mines Of the Jesuits. Here. too, was the headquarters of the Sonora Mining and Exploring com pany. Of which Major Heintzelman of the United States army was presi- dent It's operations were conducted mostly north Of Tubac, the principal property being the Hentzolman mine. which, in 1857, had opened to a depth of fifty feet and had on the dump SEQ 900 in silver sulphide ore averag- ing about St4OO To the ton. In 1860, mine was still producing annually about S25O0 in silver. which was cast into small bars and used as cir culating medium So rich was some of the ore from this and adjoining regions that it paid for transportation on muleback more than 1000 miles to the City of Mexico.
 Shelters Are Installed
 In 1858 the santa Rita Mining com pany was organized for operating both old and new properties in the santa Rita mountains; the Mowery. Trench, Compangre, and other veins were being worked in the Patagonia mountains, and smeters being inc stalled for the reduction of ores The ore of these mines, especially that of the Mowry, was said to be of high value, yielding, besides the large per Centage of silver, about 50 per cent of lead, which was in demand by the neighboring companies to be used as Aux in reducing their less favored ores. The Santa Rita and the Pata- eonia mountains contain a score or more of the crude adobe smelters or their ruins. examples of which may be seen in Alum canyon, al the Jarilo mine, southwest of Patagonia, and at Dusquesne, near the Mexican border. They were mostly built by Americans after the Gadsden purchase and are an adaptation of the old Mexican fun. diciOn in efforts to extract the metals from the ores. In short, during tha middle and late 5O's. tine mining in- duary of this region was developed with considerable success and bril- liant prospects. until interrupted by the Civil war the withdrawal of the troops and the triumphs of the Apachc-.
 Indians Let Loose.
 To protect the settlers against the Indians old Fort Buchanan. of which Fort Criuenden is the successor. was built and garrisoned at the head of Senoita Creek, near the center of the area. in 1855 and 1856 Later the mining industry derived material ben eft from the semi-monthly stage line and the Buuorneld semi-weekly mail route between San Antonio Texas. and san Diego. Cal. via Tucson. from 1857 to 1861 The breaking out of the Civil War, with the withdrawal of the garrison and the consequent atrocities of the Apaches and the abau- donment of the camps put an al- most abrupt stop to the mining in- dustry of Arizona and for years re- tarded the development of the terri tory After the subjugation Of the Indians the industry in the santa Rita region was successfully revived in the early or middle 7O's by Col W. J. Boyle and others and ores from the croppings. it is reported, were found 10 range from $2O to several hundred dollars. and from the shafts from $50 10 many thousand dollars 10 the ton, This revival, besides involving the reoccupation of most of the old and the exploitation of many new prop critics, including the opening of the east slope of the Santa Rita mountains of a new lead and gold region, com prisiHg the present Wrightson and Greaterviile districts, the latter of which soon produced considerable placer gold.
 Railroads Open Way
 The completion of the Southern Pa cifc in 1879 and that of the Atlantic and Pacific in 1883 were potent factors in opening the territory to immigra- ton and capital Before the advent of the railroads ore that would not yield $1OO per ton was passed by as worthless.
 After the building of the railroad the Empire district was opened and to Total Wreck mine, which was rapidly developed to a depth of 26O feet with much lateral work, soon be- came the foremost bullion producer in the territory The average mill test of the ore, which was chiefly silver chloride carrying considerable car bonate of lead, manganese and iron, was about $6O to the ton. A 20-stamp 70ton mill operated on the ground extracted St per cent of the metal con- tents and during five months bad pro- duced $450OOO, the cost of mining and milling being about SS per ton. In the Helvetia district the promising
 Continued on Page Two.