davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

efficient female labor to replace 1t by expensive and stale male labor?
 In other words, in the opinion Of many experts, the labor field of Eng land will have been captured or large ly dominated by the women of the country, and the terrible war on the continent will be followed by a ter rifle sex struggle in England in which the womenfolk, through economic pres sure, the growing spirit of sex lnde- perdence, and the prospects of a new interest in life, will eventually win
 Before the war is finished hundreds of thousands of women who before last Aug ust had no thought of earning their own into industry. Already the government has issued a call for women who are willing to work,
 Upward of 75,000 have sent in their names and specified the particular class of work that appealed to them. Already there are insistent demands from many quarters that every man not actually in- dispensable for war work at home be forced into the army, his place to be i'm mediatey filled by a woman. What this means to the country can be judged by taking single business. Premier Asquith recently in addressing representatives of the shops or department stores of Eng land, declared that although practically quarter of million shop assistants had joined the colors, another quarter of a million still remained behind counters do- ing work that could very easily be per formed by women. The employers were appealed to to encourage these men to en- list Encouragement" really means a form of irresistible pressure. The writer heard of typical case recently. An em- ployer who was opposed in principle to any form of conseription or compulsory military service had a secretary who in every way was fitted to fight, but who made no move to join Kitchener's army. In addition there were many other men in the shop who were eligible. One day the employer called all these men into his office and said to the secretary:
 MT - 1 am not going to bring any pressure to bear upon you to join the army; but when you come into my
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

rivur IS as smooth and calm as Sunday a. Ill., in prohibision town, but do not be de- seeved; all theese details air staged meere- ly to commit you to the trip and to iced you on to your unhappy fate.
 When l started on this boating trip the cheef of the gennerel admiralty staff didn't have thing on me when it cum to looks; l was theere, beeeve me. l looked evvery inch a sailor even down to the impressive walk. But when I got back-and I was thankful to get back-I was not so impress sive. Indeed, with the exsepsion of my classick features, I had retained little of the debonair apperense 1 had when I left home so full of spirits; 1 returned soaked full of watur, gassoleen, oil, greese and low ordur of profannity l shall newer feel quite the same about it.
 It was merry little party that left the warf that eventfull evening. When furst got into that motur boat 1 experienced sum mlsglvvings. 1t was far frum commodius with the party we had our movements Weer moor or less restricted, but this i'm pression soon vanished under the inflew- ance of book beer and cheese sandwiches and girlish laftur Aftur we had been go- ing for few momints, I was as care-free and glddy as debutantee with her furst bow. However, we had been going not moor than an hour before it was notised that the engine was doing the hesitation; 1t would sputter and gasp and "put-putt'' Tn such mannur as to convinse all of us
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

Through my open window floods the loud cry of "Wuxtryr' "wuxtryv, fol-, lowed by some gibberish which only newsboy can understand I'll bet the Kaiser's army has made a gain of two inches along some front. I don't think they would get out an extra for a gain Of only an inch and a half, but two inches is worth an extra any time in New York.
 Father Knic<erbocker thinks a lot or his children. His latest movement fot them is to arrange to set aside certain city blocks for them as playgrounds These blocks will be closed to traffic. but when 1t becomes necessary for vehicle of some sort to stop in that block, the driver thereof must get down and lead his horse by the bridle. finish his busi- ness as soon as possible and lead his horse out of the way again.
 There are numbers of backgrounds for children on Manhattan. but not a suffi- cient number, it seems, and many of the little ones can be seen in the quieter streets at almost any time. They seem to have no thought of danger and the drivers of vehicles must look out for them As this necessitates walking their horses, or driving their cars very slowly through such blocks, the change will hardly meet with any serious opposition.
 If New York could only afford few more lawns, hammocks, porches with shadows over them etc., it would elimi- nate lot of this cuddling in public that seems to be so objectiona ble to manyA.s who are not indulging in it. As it is, the lack of opportunities such as are proxl vded by the porches, etc. elsewhere emboldens the spoonng couples and as a result they "go to it'' almost anywhere they happen to find themselves in a. a-,prdx- imity that makes cuddling possibility.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

water hubbling up so that only the water itself is touched by the lips that drink, and there are free wash basins in sub- terranean chambers kept as scrupulously clean as one could wish his own bathroom to be.
 In addition to these things, the safety of the individual is carefully looked after by the city. It's splendid traffic police nfen watch the crowds closely at all times and are ready at any moment to save some irresponsible individual who has permitted himself to dream instead of taking care of himself properly. Signs everywhere warn and instruct so that one has really little thinking to do for him self. It is likewise unnecessary to ask many questions, just read as you go and you are reasonably certain to reach yoRlr destination without trouble
 Wherever there is a possibility of real danger there is stationed some one to warn in ample time New York's thought fitness in such things deserves great credit-and saves many lives. True, there are accidents. but accidents will always happen, no matter how careful one may be or how well others may care for us.
 So. you see, the poor mans New York is a place of many attractions-m 1t is place of wonderful opportunities, but one wherein the fate of the individual Is in his own hands. And it is the acid test of character, since h0s temptation is met with in it's strongest forms, the while old Father Knickerbocker smiles com placently upon what he inwardly con- demns, leaving each of us to win his own fight or find oblivion in failure
 JIM AND JOE.
 Jim and Joe were boys together,
 Knew the same swift forest streams.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

hDISTUR EDDITUR: For yeers l have
 ~. longed to own motur boat. I @y have always had weakness for watur-not spesially to drink, but to bathe in and catch fish frum and glide ovver. Watur IS so mise to glide ovver in the moon lite; it seems so rowmantick Therefore, as have sed, one of my dreems has been to own a reel, honnest-to goodness motur boat and gathur togethur croud of my trends and glide ovver the restless waves feeling the throbbing of the little engine as 1t pusates and spits it's protests against the world in gennerel, but propells us ovver the shimmery watur. Such has been the mental picture 1 have always wished on myself at such times as l had tie time to do so. Imagine my joy, therefore, when a frend of mine who owns motur boat included me in an nvitasion to spend an evening with himself and pIeasent little party on the boosum of the broad and butt ful Potommack last week I could hardly wait fer ho time 10 cum, and in honur of the occasion. and in ordur to look plum nauileal, 1 purchased me a perfectly good yachting cap and borrowed a pair of bownockulers. The bownockulers air now in the bottum of sed Potoomack, and the yachting cap is for sail cheap Motur boat ing IS not what l believed 1t to be: I am sorry that anuther dreem has went rong. but I digress will stick to the cold and crewel details without further commint. oxsept to obsurve that the next sucker that
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

Van boys. as a class, have almost en- tirely disappeared from the innumerable vehicles that make their way through the streets of the big towns. Young wom- en run the elevators, or lifts as they call them here, in the big shops and office buildings. Women in smart uniforms have taken the places of the famous Lon don Commissioners" as carriage attend ants in front of the big business estab- lishments. Women now ride the hundreds of bicycle delivery carts so popular with English tradesmen and deliver the wares of the butcher, the baker and the can dlestick maker to your door at all times of day And one might continue this list of substitutions almost indefinitely.
 Enough. however, has been said to im- press upon the reader that a momentous change is now taking place in economic England. What will be its effects after the war?
 Undoubtedly much of the economic pres sure that would otherwise result will be relieved by the disappearance of thou sands of male wage-earners from the field. Already. after 10 months of war,
 
 oo'0Oo killed and more than double that number permanently disabled. That works out at 15,0oo permanent withdrawals from labor every month and undoubtedly the late is fast increasing. No one can esti- mate the possible losses in the whole war because no one can set limit to its dura- tlon. If the war is to go on until the Germanic powers are absolutely crushed or until it is definitely proved that it is impossible to accomplish such an end the English permanent losses from labor cannot be much under round 100000 To this extent the invasion of the labor field by women would then be not only desirable but necessary if England is to stand any chance of maintaining her present position in the markets of the world
 There is another phase of the ques- ton of almost equal significance. It has been widely said that the former clerks ribbon countery attendants shop assistants. in fact all those who before the war, led humdrum. mo-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

Roamed the same fair fields and heathe
 In the Land of Hope-filled Dreams. Jim was filled with strange ambition,
 Wealth he'd wanted from the start; Different was Joe's condition
 He wanted but tender heart Two fair sisters soon they married
 All seemed happy for a while But no long at home Jim tarried
 Ere he sought Wealth's ficlSle smile Joe but labored through the morning,
 Often, too, into the night; For his wage, the smile adornng
 Wife's and baby's faces bright. Jim grew rich, and with his power
 Ger his fellows held a sway, But, with ev'ry passing hour
 Love was stealing swift away.
 Bowed her head and smiled the less: Bravely. though, her cross she carried.
 Speaking still of "Jim's success Wealth was theirs, all it's treasure
 Theirs to gloat OCT ev'ry day; Yet they'd lost in greater measure
 Wealth had driven love away. Joe met many sad reverses,
 Unto him was fortune vile; ct he ne CT indulged in curses,
 Rather did he seem to smile. Though he hoped for fortune later,
 With faith in God above, He had found a treasure greater,
 In the wealth of Mary's love.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

the family because of the absorption of the regular bread winners into the army.
 All over England there is a demand that the large body of able-bodied men who form the constabulary should be freed tor army service and in many cities the authorities are taking a tip from Chicago and other American cities and are replacing the men by women. More than 50 women policemen n are now on duty in the more orderly districts of London and the number is constantly on the increase. These wom- en are being instructed in police court procedure and attend regular classes in drill. signalling, first aid and self defense. So great is the success of this corps that it will persist beyond the war to the exclusion of a corres- bonding number of men.
 Women are rapidly replacing men in the ticket booths of the underground railways and the big railway terminals throughout the country. Your tickets are now punched by women attend ants while a larger portion of the work heretofore in the hands of male DOT ters at the big stations is now handled by sturdy women. It will not be long before the conductors and guards of the trains also will be women.
 Women are taking the places of the thousands of young men who, previous to the war and even months after hostili- ties began, were carrying milk through the streets of the big cities. Long before war started French women were driving motor cars for hire in the streets of Paris. but it was not until the British government began to realize that they would need every available man to beat the Germans that women took up this work here. Now many women are turn ing their knowledge of cars to good use in relieving men of work that will not push forward the conclusion of the war one moment
 The war has given great fillip to the employment of women labor in the fields and England is beginning to realize what the great continental people have known for generations-that for many classes of farm work. woman is as capable as . man.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

e4aess@z5zsg lief that New York city is es-
 sentially of and for the wealthy, and that it is a municipality to be avoided by the wiser poor. This is the result. no doubt, of the fact that so much more has been written about the rich mans than the FOOT mae's Gotham. Yet it is true it's poorer classes. or does more for it's really pauperized inhabitants than does this S; me New York.
 1e heen with, it is the privilege of all of us to possess by sight much that even the wealthiest alone may claim own ership of, and within what other city's lirirs is there so much, and such rety. to delight the beholder and to in- teasely interest him? Though one has lived in New York a day, or a lifetime, there are still Ito be found new sights. ney scel1es end new entertainment of the kind that is free to all
 New York. l know has no reputation as 6 city beautiful. yet parts of it are cstGnishrslv so. notson account of the masses of ungainly architecture. but in spite of tfen. This is true of certain section of beautiful Riverside drive, where if nnc turn his back to the lines of apartment bUildings and look toward the setting sun. his heart must be thrilled if he possesses any appreciation of the beautiful in it's most appealing form
 h other sections he is impressed by the grandeur and the wealth it indicates, and In slil others he is interested, if he be student of human nature, by the methods of life common to alien classes. Broadway itself is a never ending source of interest and entertainment which may
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

ny sSOh
 LONDON, July 1.-(Special Cor
 respondence) England is fTz.ss.. worrying about the possible taae99esJ status of it's women after the
 war. For many years it has Teen widely said that England was a woman's country The number of men WAS outnumbered by the number of women to the amazing extent of l. 50O,00O. In addition marriage had be- come unpopular or impossible to hum dreds of thousands of the young men of the country with the result that millions of women were either forced or desirous of earning their own liv- ing. Tn the shops and factories, the of fices and on the farms more than G. oo0,000 English women competed with the men of the country.
 Now this evil is in fair way to be tragically increased by the war Hun dreds of thousands of young men, many of them married, have been taken from the industries of the coun- try and hurried to the trenches of Flanders, France or Turkey. Hundreds of thousands more will follow before the war is brought to conclusion. Three hundred thousand of those who have gone have been wounded or killed or captured Before the war is Finished the English casualties will probably reach into the millions.
 In the meantime the places of many of these absent men are being filled by women. At first these women arc unskilled and. under present condi- tions, could not stand the competi- tion of the men whose positions they are taking. But by months of practice, lorg before the men. come limping home, they will have mastered the, de- tails of their new work and have be- come as proficient, or more proficient fr many cases, than.w the men who preceded them. In addition, in the vast majority of the cases, they will be re- cniving smaller wages than were the men. How many big employers, face q as they will probably be by business depression, intense competition, reduced capital and the imperative need o< re- trenchment will discharge cheap and
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

peace does come, each of these officers Is entitled to lump sum of something like 5000, in the case of lieutenants, and corresponding1y- larger amounts in the case of officers of higher rank. It Is believed that a large number of these men in possession of the means will take the opportunity of getting abroad. Thousands of them have wished to do so in the past but have not had the money necessary.
 Thus with the death or dsablement of hundreds of thousands of men and with the emigration of hundreds of thousands of others, the women will be to corresponding degree in undis puted control of the field of labor. Will England be as virile, as strong will sine be as able to hold her own in the fierce international commercial strug, gle that is sure to follow the waf under the altered conditions of her labor market? These are the questions that many thinking men are asking them. selves in this country today
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11
No Romance in War Nursing

No Romance in War Nursing
 From the New York Times
 The pictures of sweet young nurses req ding to wounded heroes bear about the same relation to the actual work of the army nurse recruit that the posters or handsome young men in becoming uni forms, tackled up for recruiting purposes. do to the routine of the trench fighter. They are part of society's conspiracy half deliberate, to sugar coat the pill of complete individual self-sacrifice which war entails. Warfare. modern warfare particularly. means for all of it's servants spared by bullets and disease the bitterest sort of drudgery in all departments.
 Apparently this Is the lesson which Miss Mona McAdoo and Miss Katherine Britton. young women thoroughly in formed experienced. Too much scrub ping and not enough nursing sums up their arraignment of conditions at the wonen's front in northern France. Scrub ping makes the back ache cruelty and coarsens and reddens the hands. besides interfering with all attempts to dress neat ly and becomingly. The attitude on all fours in a crowded and busy environment
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

invites humiliation, too. Add to this liv1 ing quarters of the most primitive sort poor food and dirt, and altogether the op. portunity for romance seems slockingl. slm.
 Of course, some nurses are not forevai doing the mean and discouraging jobs But they. for the most part, are the vet erans in command; they correspond tt the commissioned officers among tn men. Unlike commissioned officers how. over, the mortality among them is neg ligible. leaving little room for promotion from the ranks. Enlistment as a nurse therefore. has this lone compensation-it| term is indefinite and desertion carrie no penalty.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11
L'ENvOI

LENvOI
 Though success and wealth we're after
 oft we're losers in the end Love makes best it's own sweet laughter, Hardship is it's truest friend
 There has been a great deal of condem- nation of certain male beings who have the flirtatious tendency and endeavor to engage in conversation with women whom they do not know, on the subway. in the busses etc They may be bad fellows but it seems to me they are men of re- markable courage. When you talk to an unknown woman here you don't know whether 1t is Carrie Chapman Catt, Eve lyn Thaw or Bloody Mary, Queen of Scots-it Is an awful chance and it must be either brave man a fool who takes it.
 The New York dramatic season is at low ebb There are only a dozen or so high-class attra ctions now playing and the well-known actors and actresses are making cigar and pin-money appearing in the movies at so many thousand per week.
 The word "kke' is much used in this city, not with reference to a certain race only, but meaning a close-fisted and gen. orally cheap sort of a party. For in- stance. the other day I overheard ons may say to another that Charlie Chaplin, the movie comedian, who is just now up here, is a "kilxe."
 He said Chaplin was offered so many thousand week to appear in the movies and that he (Chaplin) had asked for $25 a week more.
 Why. what is that for?'' he was asked "Oh, I want that to live on,' Chaplin is said to have replied.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

notonous life would after a taste of outdoor life of risk and romance in Flanders and France, absolutely refuse to settle down again in England Thou sands of them will. 1t Is confidentally predicted, pack their little belongings and set out on the fascinating roads of nigh adventure that lead to the far cor ners of the world. Canada, Australia. New Zealand and South Africa princi- pally, but as well, the United States and the South American republics will benefit by this trek of the young man. hood of Mother England.
 Especially is this true of the new corps of British officers who are now rising from the middle and lower classes. When the war started the Brit lsh army, like the German army was ofricered by men drawn from the ruling classes. These, however, are being rar- idiy wiped out and their places taken oy men from the ranks. Upon the dis banding of Kitchener's army, when
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11
Then They Fumigated the Room

From the Boston Transcript.
 Mrs. ParNenu--John, that Mrs. Knw Ter who was just here, said she hA been having bad attack of ongwet. Whats that?
 Parvenu-Something catchin, petl haps. Why don't you look it up in tl3' dictionary?
 Mrs. P.-I did. went through all ths OA but l can't find no such word.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11

sW YORK, July 10.-(SpeciaD
 In the minds of many strangers to this metropolis there is a be- lief that New York city is es-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-07-11
By F.. l.. SCOTT

By E. l.. SCOTT
 LONDON, July 1.-(Special Cor respondence.) - England is worrying about the possible eg status of it's women after the
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-01-28

WE STAND FOR 1T!
BY H. NJ. COCHRAN
ITO the tune. of Tramp, Tramp,
Tramp, the Boys are Marching.'9
In Chicago.
In the trolley car we hang
With the pushy, shOvey gang,
And discontinue is reigning every
where.
If we e'er can find seat
We consider that a treat,
Even though we ride in foul and
smelly air.
Shove, fight. push, the car is loaded,
Someone's elbows in your eye,
And there's someone on your feet
Oh, We gods It is no treat
When you ride upon the cars in
Dear OF Chi,
In the Coast Cities.
In the ''itney bus" they sit,
No one ever has a fit
Or a kick because they cannot get
a seat.
Every poor or wealthy Gus
Rides home in an autobus
In comparison to trOnoys, that's a
treat.
Honk, honk, honk, the bus goes GID
ing,
No ones standing "On the Hearth"
Everybody pays Jit
And the buses make a hit,
For the people feel they get their
moneys worth.
-O-O
TAX PROBE FOR STANDARD OIL
Standard Oil Co. tax schedules
were taken up by special grand jury
on tax frauds yesterday. Treasurer
G. W. Stahl of the company testified.
That the Rockefeller concern has
failed to swear correctly on how
1900 3v,%fvooEsI hJy A oc5R
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-01-28

Entered as second-cIass matter April
n, 19f4,at the postoffice at Chicago,
llI., under the Act of March 3, 1879.
BY Mail, Except in Chicago, 50 aYear