davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-23
81, 100000 ON ENTERTAINERS IS URGED
IN WALSH REPORT TO REMOVE SOCIAL UNREST

comfortable living, and at the same time
TO accomplish this On q basis which Will
In some measure approximate the Just
standard OF income proportional to SER
vice"
That section OF the report which has
been made public deals almost entirely
with the causes OF Industrial unrest and
the remedies proposed. The whole re-
port Is based on public hearings and
research work under the direction OF Mr..
Manly. or the $40 witnesses examined
23O were affiliated with employers, 2i5
with labor and 26j were not afillated
with either group. One OF the reasons
Mrs. Hartman and the others who
signed the dissenting report disregarded
the reports OF the commissioner investi-
gators. they say. is that the investiga-
tons were incomplete. as they were not
submitted to all parties in interest to
be checked up.
Industrial unrest springs from four
main sources, according to the Walsh
report. These are the unjust distribu-
ton OF wealth and income, unemploy-
ment and denial OF opportunity to earn
a living, denial OF Justice in the creation,
adjudication and administration OF law
and the denial OF the right and oppor-
tunity to form effective organizations.
Revision Of Land Laws Urged.
To abolish unemployment, and denial
OF opportunity 10 earn q living the
remedies proposed are the regaining OF
all land. water power and mineral
rights secured from the Government by
fraud a revision OF the land laws and
the application to all grants OF the
doctrine OF superior USE and finally the
forcing OF unused land into use by
making the tax on non-productive the
same as on productive land of the same
kind.
In connection with the denial OF jus
tice' source OF unrest the report says
ut is charged that after wholesome
and necessary laws are passed they are
In large part nullihed by the courts upon
| techniCalities OF a character which
would not he held to invalidate lcGisla-
ton favorable to the interests Of manu-
| faCturers, merchants. bankers and other
property owners, or thrown out on the
broad ground OF unConstitutiunalitE
through strained or illogical construc-
ton Of constitutional provisions.
THAT In the administration o. law,
both common and statute. there is dis
elimination by the courts against tho
poor and in favor Of the wealthy and
powerful. and that this discrimination
arises not only from the economic dis.
abilities OF tho poor but also out OF the
actual bias on the part OF the Judges In
favor OF the wealthy and influential"
As to the remedy the action must
he drastic and directed at the roots
from which these evils spring"
Recommendation of Commission.
with full recognition Of the gravity
OF the suggestions" says the report. "i;
seems necessary to urge the commission
to make the following recommendations
That Congress should forthwith
initiate an amendment TO the toustItu-
ton providing in specific terms for tho
! protection of the personal rights ot
every person in the United States from,
enCroachm"nt by the Federal and STATE
governments and by private individuals
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-23
STARVATION IN r
People Are DroppiaR Dead In the
Streets.

VI. IAso, Tex, Aug, % People are
"'"plIng in the streets from starvation
" l%"rr""n, the s|outhcrnmost city held
~ m" Villa forces in Mexico, according
cans
VIVA has congregated most OF his
.u""ps there for the purpose OF resisting
we : arranza armies now ~converging on
we place from every direction and the
mI''ary has within a few days de-
s,"y"d or eaten all the produce In the
nelas surrounding the city, IL IL declared.
snn the population. already hard pressed
', i"od' II now starving.
me Information is to the effect that
WV 'llS Is now under a state OF siege
shu mat nobody can get in or out with
Wv " pass from the military and that
w. Passes are being given except In a
"" Instances.
30 attempts are being made to al
NNlsie the suffering OF the civilian pop
ul"tl"n. II IN declared. and many chill
ai'n nay" died from lack of nourish-
m'h'' Funeral PROFESSIONS may be seen
d any hour Of the day.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-23

associations and corporations.
THAT Congress Immediately enact BY
statute or. IL deemed necessary. initiate
"A constitutional amendment specifically
prohibiting the courts from declaring
legislative acts unconstitutional
That Congress should drastically reg
ulate or prohibit private detective
agencies doing business In more han
one State.
THAT the militia OF the several States
he subject to regulation by Congress"
The report signed by Chairman Walsh
concludes with n detailed discussion of
the denial OF the right and opportunity
to form effective organizations"
ways to Aid Organisstions.
AS a result OF careful consideration
IL Is suggested the commission recon-
mend the following action
Incorporation among the right guar
antced by the Constitution of the I'M
limited r,ght of individuals to form as
socitions not for the sake of profit
but for the advancement Of their in
dividual m collective interests.
Enactment of tatut specifically
protecting this right and prohibiting the
discharge OF any person because OF his
membership in a labor organization.
Enactment of a statute providing
that action on the part of An association
Of individuals not organized for pront
shall not be held to he unlawful where
such action would not he unlawful in the
case of an individual"
The report signed by Mrs. Hartman
and Prof. Commons and. with certain
exceptions explained In a separate re-
port by Commissioners Weinstock. Bal
lard and Ashton. holds that the great
est cause Of Industrial unrest lis the
| br akdown In the administrator OF labor
laws and the distrust Of our munich
, pal. state and national Governments on
the part OF a large portion Of our peo-
| III
Recommendations for additional leg
~islation would he futile. says the re-
port. until methods are provided for
making enforceable the avs now on
! the statute books.
Remedy Proposed.
To remedy the conditions criticised
the report recommends the creation OF
q Federal FUND for social welfare
maintained ny an Inheritance tax OF
large fortunes and administered by a
commission ON Industrial relations aided
10y an advisory council composed OF rep
/ rcScntatives of employers and employees.
commissioners Wcinstock, Ashton
and Ballard say:
W dissent from the commentator
that the secondary boycott should he
lccdlizcd. We regard the secondary
boycott rs unjust. in.uuitahle and vi
cious, !H that II subjects third and inno-
cont parties % injury, and AZ times TO
great loss II not ruin. We are there
! fore as much opposed to 1t as We are to
the blacklist"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-23

"ln effect the American law of inheri-
tance is as efficient for the establish
ment and maintenance OF families as
the English law. which has bulwarked
the British aristocracy through the CEN
turtles. Every year, indeed. sees this ten
dency increase, as the creation or 'es-
tates in trust secures the ends which
might be more simply reached IL there
were no prohibition of entail
According TO the income tax returns
for ten months OF 1914. there are In the
United States ,59s fortunes yielding an
income of $780, 900 per veal or over.
Practically all of these fortunes are 40
invested and hedged about with r%estric-
tiogs upon expenditure that they are,
TO all inttnts and purposes. perpetuities.
AN analysis Of nifty of the largest
American fortunes how that nearly
half have already passed to the control
OF heirs or TO trustees ttheir vice-rc-
gents) and that the remainder will pass
TO the control Of heirs within twenty
years upon the deaths of the founders
Already, indeed, these founders a Y
almost without exception retired from
active service. leaving the Management
cstensibly to their heirs, hut actually
to executive ofhcials upon salary.
1--WE have. according TO the income
tax returns. forty-four families with
incomes OF 81, 900, 900 or more, whose
members perform little or no useful
service hut whose aggregate Incomes,
iotalling at the least S50,000,o0o rer
year, arc equivalent 10 the earnings
OF 100. 600 wage earncrs at the aver
age rate OF $500.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-23

Tho fOHo,rinD article on the
Hcricon situation is the ninth Of
a series By Raymond q. Carroll
tchich tcH appear daily IN THE
SrN. Mr.. Carroll has made a
thorough investigation Of the SIT
udtion as regards tho r%croiutior.
its cdusc and result thus far, and
the effect Of the policy Of the
wilson Administration. on the cirii
pdr.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-23

W king through Avenue T. in Flat
push yesterday afternoon Patrick Bres
nan. A. years old. "A farmland of 1876
Flttbush avenue. came In contact with
the end of a blown down ~clcctri' light
wire near Kimhall road and Was killed
The police are looking for Brcsnan's
relatives. The body is at the morgue.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-23
Continued from First Page.

the ideals of a nation which rewards ex-
ceptional service only by burdensome
fortunes. But such reward can be
claimed as a right only by those who
have performed service, not by those who
through relationship or mere parasitism
chance to be designated as heirs.
Legal right. OF course, they have by
virtue Of the law OF inheritance. which.
however, runs counter to the whole
theory Of American society and which
was adopteS with important variations
from the English law without any con-
ception of its ultimate results and APP
parently with the idea that II would
prevent exactly the condition which has
arisen.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-23

"Between the VIC extremes Of super
nuity and poverty is tho large middle
class. farmers. manufacturers. mer-
chants. professional men. skilled arti-
sans and salarlcd officials whose in
comes are more or less adequate for
their legitimate needs and desires and
who arr rewarded more or less ex-
actly in proportion to service. They
have problems to meet In adjusting
expenses TO income. hut the pinch Of
want and hunger is not felt. nor is
there the d. adening. devitalizing effect
Of superfluous. unearned wealth.
From top to bottom Of society. how
ever. IN all grades OF incomes are an
lnnumerahle number OF parasites OF
every conceivable tyre. They perform
no useful service. but drain of from
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-23
walnut for Gcrmnn Gun stocks.

MCNiN NvtriE. Tenn. Aug. Large
numbers of walnut logs are being sold
to local buyers and hauled to town to
h" shipped Ia Germany. They will be
used for Eun stocks and for ewing ma
chine tops. one large tree. owned by
j. j. Moadnrs. had {" hc brought 10 town
on three wagons u was sold 'or f95.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-23
Objects to Re Attained.

The objects to be attained in making
this readjustmeut are: To reduce tho
swollen. unearncd fortunes of those who
have a sLperfiuity to raise the under
paid masses to a level Of decent and
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-23
HUNDREDS OF AMERICANS
SLAIN YEARLY IN MEXICO
Wilson Policy of Recasting Nations Policies Blamed by
lnvestigator-Story Of Insults to Flag and
Citizens of United States.

wrecked n civilization, and they went
about 1t deliberately
IL understand you know Of Americans
killed in Mexicog" | asked.
"Bless you. my boy. there have been
hundreds killed down there nobody Will
ever know about" he said. They are
just missing. and somewhere they have
folks waiting for word from them. The
State Department has a lot OF informa-
ton II has never given out
Every weak. retreating decision OF the
Wilson Administration has been taken
below the Rio Grand as cowardice. The
hatred of Mexicans for us Is shown
I'm the sneering insolence OF Carranza
n the boil assurance OF Villa. While
a great traveller at home. the average
Mexican never got beyond his own
boundaries. He looked upon the %"grlngo'
as a man OF no great standing, par
ticularly when his Owl country deserted
him.
So when the Americans under the
Washington mandates began 10 leave
Mexico. their departure was attended
by insults almost unbelievable. James
Brown Potter. the New York banker.
with extensive interests in Mexico. hit
the nail OIL the head when he said OF
control I'm Mexico
you must govern tina country more
VI ltNN iNlbi i'oih W. W
from without. II Is a police job, and
such a thing as democratic govern
mcnt. one OF the people and by the
people. Ii impractlcable."
In Mexico city the American flag was
insulted. and stones were thrown into
the American club. At Monterey the
American flag was dragged through the
streets by Constituencies.
In Guadalajara American flags were
burned. and Americans knocked down IN
the streets after being robbed. Case II.
Harwood OF Aquacal paid $4,000 gold
for the release from bandits OF himself
and wife.
100000 for Refugees.
The state Department got 100000
from Congress TO get Americans out OF
Mexico after the Vera Cruz occupation.
Think Of invading a country In a pro-
gramme OF aking sides with one fac
ton. as against nother faction when
hundreds of Americans OF both sexes
were scattered through that country.
unable to get away. No wonder these
refugees ask els an Administration
which would do this nt to govern a great
people, Here are localities In Mexico
from which American escapes were
made subsequent to Vera cruz opera
iions. with the number of refugees. ac'
cording to State Department figures:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-23
ny RAYMOND q. CARROLL.

How best to safeguard the lives and
possessions of Americans In Mexico
this alone would seem to have been the
beginning and the end Of the business
of the United States Government down
there. Instead the Wilson Administra-
ton at its start took upon itself with
out submission to the American public
the business Of ~recasting the interior po-
litical arrangement OF Mexico.
Safety OF American residents all over
Mexico was sacrificed to the relent-
less purpose OF forcing one Huerta out
of the Castle of ChapultepeC, the sum-
mer white House of Mexico: a pur-
pose that has eliminated in the recent
triumph OF thrusting one Huerta into the
cell OF an American prison for aspiring
to retur TO the land Of his birth
possessed Of the same tools of force
which the Wilson Administration had
sanctioned for his Mexican adversaries.
While this personal drama OF Wilson
versus Huerta' has advanced, American
lives nave been sacrificed In Mexico.
Lulled into placid indifference by the
phrase 'watchful waiting the case OF
these abandoned Americans was lost
temporarily fore q jury o: the whole
American people. Intelligent Mexicans,
themselves forced to uec from their own
country. declare that the phrase watch
full waiting" was coined to conceal an
Administration policy they designate as
"~insldious Interference"
II IL always unwise to tear down on
the mere chance Of rebuilding later.
Nothing ever falls hut catches the inno-
cent bystander in the debris. Foreign
residents were the innocent bystanders'
of Mexico. and more than one-third OF
these were citizens of the United States,
How many ave been caught In the
crumbling walls-some slain by Villistas,
some by Huertistas. some by Carran.
zlstas and others by Zapau stas-is no,
definitely known. The death estimates
from 500 to 5000 OF Americans
alone.
When the presence in Mexico o.
American residents interfcred with the
great moral uplift OF the Mexican
people planned in Washington, the do.
cision was to order these Americans GU
o: Mexico-30.00 0 Americans must pack
W and be on their way.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-23

the income OF the producers a sum
whose total cannot be estimated.
Besides the economic Significance Of
these great inequalities of wealth and
income there is a social aspect which
equally merits the attention OF Con-
gress. 1t has been shown that the
great fortunes OF those who have prof
tied by the enormous expansion of
American industry have already or will
in a few years pass by right OF inner
itance to the control Of heirs or to
trustees who act as their 'vice-re-
gents They are frequently styled by
our newspapers 'monarchs OF industry
and indeed occupy within u republic
a position almost exactly analogous to
that OF feudal lords.
These heirs. owners only by virtue
OF the accident OF birth. control the
livelihoods and have the power to die
tate the happiness OF more human be-
ings thar populated England in the
middle ages. Their ~principalities. IL is
true. are scattered, and. through the
medium of stock ownership. shared In
part with others; but they are none
the less real.
Invisible PrincipaIities.
"In fact, such scattered. invisible in
dustrial principalities are a greater
menace to the welfare OF the nation
than would he equal power consolidated
into numerous petty Kingdoms in diff
ferent parts OF the country. They
might then be ylsualized and guarded
against now their influence invisibly
permeates and controls every phase OF
life and industry"
As a remedy for this unequal dis
tributlon of wealth and income the re-
port urges the enactment OF an inheri-
lance tax so graded that while making
generous provision for the support OF
dependents and the education OF minor
children II shall leave no large accumu-
latiou NJ wealth to pass into hands
which had no share in its production"
The report suggests that a limit OF
81 .O0O, 600 he fixed as the amount that
shall pass to the heirs. II recommends
that the revenue from this tax he re-
, served by the Federal Government for
three principal purposes:
The extension Of education the
! lie, elopment OF other important So
| Cial services which should properly
lie performed by the nation which
are discussed In detail elsewhere
development In cooperation with
States and municipalities OF great con-
s,ructlye works, such as road build
Ing. irrigation and rcforcstation.
which would materially increase the
efficiency and welfare Of the entire
nation.
There Is no legislation" says the
report, (which could be passed by Con-
gIess the immediate and ultimate ef-
fects of which would he more salutary
or would more greatly assist in tenn
pcring the existing spirit Of unrest.
Objects TO he Attained.
"The objects to be attained in making
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-23
Hypocrisy I. charged.

We. who can. ought 20 help In the
right direction. It's a pathetic sight ana
p~nsitive fact that most men who pose
as standing for the best things In lie
and who pray TO God in churches on
sunday for peace tthe very pillars OF
the church. the are callcd) are busiest
nowadays obtaining the orders that VIII
enable them to onyer their factories
into workshops for making shot and
she'll for destroying mankind.
Ell firmly believe that II we had had
an army equal In size TO those of the
great European military nations We
would long q nave flown To a bloody
battlefield. II u navy had been able
To cope with any and all the nations
We would have been constantly at war.
Even as II stands to-day. think ~
the enormous waste that comes with
our small army and navy. The --latest
figures show mat there are about $4,000
men in our army and about 10000 more
IN the navy. who are as much a burden
to the country - the insane and the
poor would he under national supervi-
sion.
They have called In Thomas \ Edi-
son To help their war plans. Let me
say that Edison never has and in my
opinion never will use his great brain
to make anything which would destroy
hum4n life. He is a man Of peace. for
he realizes the true meaning ~ war
wtnton. unnecessary and unreasoning
destruction, death and disruption Of all
that peace has huildcd,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-23
America ms or Poems.

Keep in mind that me price Off espous-
ing the cause OF the so-called Consti-
tut!onalists was throwing over the firm
protection. under Internal. onaf custom,
OF these 10000 American citizens resi-
dent in Mexico. 1t was all done. Wash
ington says. i'm the interest of Mexican
humanity Even SO. were these low caste
Mexicans worth such "A tremendous sac
ri1ce? To answer this one must throw
honest light upon the character OF the
Mexican peon.
The Mexican Indians are primarily
Asiaucs. The prevalence In Mexico Of
the Chinese. japanese and Burmese
type Of faces has convinced seasoned
observers that the pure blooded Indians
of Mexico are undeveloped Orientals.
BEETLE proved. with snappy, sly eyes set
In sodden countenances. short OF stature.
cruel to thor women. they show an un-
mistakable relationship TO the population
oil eastern and southern Asia.
Every stone dropped at Washington In
the pool OF beNildered diplomacy has
caused red ripples Of anarchy to circl.
out in distant Mexico. The 100, 900 for
eiGn residents Of Mexico were AT first
aghast, particularly the 10000 Amcri-
cans. They protested to Washington.
Some were not even heard.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-08-23

'"bu
They could not understand why the
Administration should reach over the
international line for other purposes
tina the protection of its own citl.
zens. When the words came that Wash
ineton had ordered Americans out of
Mexico there Was a wild panic. for the
Mcxicans OF al factions construed the
order 10 mean fear - them, and they
being possessed of this new courage
many Americans were killed.
The example OF Pancho villa. the eX-
bandit. was always before the poems OF
northern Mexico. villa has risen by
robbery. murder and rapine. His method
of killing all witnesses Of his crimes was
common knowledge and found early MI
tators. Miniature Villas sprang up every
where. His crimes were rcenacted.
Americans IN Isolated parts OF Mexico
strangely disappeared. Their relatives In
he United States ceased to hear from
them. Hundreds passed from life under
such Gil cums;ances.
Going from place to place in old Mex
leo as well as in the border States OF our
own country the writer repeatedly asked
the question But Were there n
Americans actually Nilled"" In every
instance affirmative swe were given
and where the opportunity afforded the
names Of these killed Americans We're
jctted down in a special memorandum
book. was informed that the state
Department at Washington holds a
fairly complete record Of these murders,
but for political reasons the information
had been withheld from the American
public.
ON the sixth hoor OF the Brady Build
ing, I'm San Antonio, Ten, there can ne
found "A distinguished looking man-Col'
,Joseph 4, Robertson. formerly OF Mon
tercy, Mexico, where he lived Tor twenty =
seven years. and was regarded "a IN"
best uosted foreign resident OF that city,
col. Robertson IL a Tennessee exile from
Mexico. after having aid out La Flu
genia orange grove at Montemorios. es-
tablished the Hacienda Ia Carlota. aud
the large sugar mill there. He also
owned a foundry II machine shop, n
briCkyard, a newspaper and a flour mill
Al Ills wealth Gone.
"All the fruits OF my enterprise have
been swept away Monterey Is done
| for" said Col, Robertson to me.
"'Whom do you blame" ] asked,
Col. Robertson IL So years old. tie
was worth 81, 0OO, 900 before the Wilson
! Administration came into power, For
many years william j, Bryan was his
Intimate friend. frequently going 20
Monterey and stopping at his home. Mr.,
Bryan always was n great visitor. lie
has ''over night" stops all along the
Mexican border.
Before Col. Robertson replied to my
question he took a tiny key from his
pocket and opened a small drawer, the
upper right one inside a roller top desk,
, Reaching into this dra wer, he brought
, forth a bundle OF letters.
'"rhese represent the ruins OF my
friendship with Mr.. Bryan" he remarked
with rising anger. "He a Informed
on conditions In Mexico he knew whal
he and his associates were doing, They