davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1915-01-01

Fifty.two years ago yesterday Robert
w. Bender gave UP the rnusket for the
telegraph key. He came direct from the
battlefield Of Fredericksburg. Md. on
December 81, 1885, and procured EN-
ployment with the Western Union Tele.
graph Company. where he since has
been employed as an operator and wire
chief.
In receiving congratulations from his
friends today, he announced that he
would probably retire next year when
he reaches his seventy.second birthday.
but that he felt like the youngest man
at the key today.
Among the famous events that Ben.
der has flashed across the continent are
the closing happenings Of the civil war.
the assassinations OF Lincoln and trar-
field. the execution OF Charles 9uiteau.
who murdered GARFIELD: the declaration
OF war with Spain and the inaugura-
ton Of every President from Lincoln to
President Wilson.
Mr.. Bander mastered tho Morse code
when he was twelve years old. He 10
now in his seventy-second year. lie
lives with his family at rs: Rock Creek
Church road northwest.
The Washington times., 1915-01-01
ISSUING TRANSFERS
AT KENNEDY STREET
Capital Traction and Maryland
Roads Give Free Slips at
Fourteenth Street junction.

Beginning today free transfers are
being issued and honorcd by both the
CAPITAL Traction and tho Washington
and Maryland Electric Railway COM
panf>s for the exchange of passengers
at Fourteenth and Kennedy streets.
An agreement was reached late last
night between Charles Seldcn. jr..
presi lent of the Maryland company. and
John Henry Hanna. chief engineer Of
the Capital Traction Company. While
the agreement settles the matter OF
transfers, in so far as the puolic is
concerned, the basis of settlement be-
tween the companies is yet to be de-
termined.
Follow. .ns the order Of the Public
Utilities Commission. directing the com
panies to issue reciprocal transfers on
and after January !, 1918, EXTENDED
negotiations were entered into between
Mr. Selden and George II. Ham lton
president Of the Capital Traction lines:
These negotiations came to an abrupt
end two days ago, when Mr.. Hamilton
Is said to have refused to acquiesce to
the proposal Of the MaryaGd GIr,dn company m ny
revenue collected.
Mr. Selden was d sinclined to recede.
inasnuch as the Capital Traction line
is said to have granted the East Wash.
business. although that line is shorter
than the Maryland Inc through Ia.
koma Park. both companies reported
to the Public Utilities Commission yes.
terday their inability to agree. the
Capital Traction Company supplement-
inE It's report with q proposition as to
the terms upon which II would be
willing to issue transfers.
Facing the .proba bility Of fine Of 800
a day should they refuse to comply
with the order Of the commission, a
conference was arranged at a late hour
last n'sht between Mr.. Selden and
Mr.. Hanna. and a tentative agreement
was quickly reached. Under the terms
Of It the Maryland company, It is un-
derstood. will settle with the Capital
Traction Company on the basis sug-
sested by the latter company pend
a determination by the commiss on of
the permanent basis of settlement. The
Washington and Maryland reserves sll
it's rights. however. with the under.
standing that when the permanent basis
OF settlement Is determined adjustments
WI be made to cover the service from
the time of its inauguration today.
The Washington times., 1915-01-01
GERMAN.AMER|CANS
TO AID BARTHOLDT
Delegations From Other Cities
Cobing to Urge Ban on War
Munitions TO. Allies.

German Americans from Chicago.
Philadelphia. and New York VIII urge
the House Forsign Affairs Comm ttee
prevent American manufacturers from
shipping arms TO beiligerents. It be-
came known today that. though ap-
Tearing In the role Of citizens OF this
nation, they VII. nevertheless, argue
that the Fatherlsnd' Is the subject Of
discrimination under existing laws, that
prolon2ation of the war is fostered by
the United States through export OF
munitions, and that this nation ought
Congressman Flood granted permis-
sion to Congressman Bartholdt today
to hear these citizens. and he an
nounced at the same time that he would
give opponents Of the proposed leKisla-
ton an opportunity to be heard later.
The Washington times., 1915-01-01
Blames Step Children
For Marital Troubles

John e. MACPHERSON has tiled an an
swer In the District Supreme Court to
the petition Of his wife. Mrs.
Mary ]. Mac Phcrson, for q limited d.
vorce. in which he claims that his r,ari-
tai trc ubles are due to the interference
and intermeddlinE Of two adult step
children. rather than his alleged drink
ing habits" Mac Pherson denies he
abused his wife. and that his alleged
intenperance resulted In . separation,
his version being that he was locked
out of his home in July last. and that
his wife has refused to let him return.
The Washington times., 1915-01-01
DELAYS Trip Home.

Prof. ]. Lewis Parke. one OF the two
Washington delegates to the American
cinSed % its .e.s;on IN Cbicaea Ins has 'Sn. az.
ferred his return to this city to spend
the holidays with friends In Detroit
The other delegate, Prof. Everett
Fraser, deon Of the George Washinyton
University Law School. arrived home
yesterday.
The Washington times., 1915-01-01
Injured Boy Recovering.

The condition OF Stuart A. Walker,
special delivery mail carrier. who was
run down and injured at Seventeenth
and NJ streets northwest by an auto
mobile operated by Eddie Ainsmith.
catcher Of the Washington baseball
team, is reported to be greatly i'm
proved today.
Walker is not suffering from frac-
ture Of the skull as was at first
thought He is at the Emergency Hos.
pital and will recover according to
physicians at that institution.
The Washington times., 1915-01-01
Cleveland Tries Out
Municipal Frankfurters

CLEVELAND. Jan. 1--Besinniau to.
day municipal hot dogs can be bought
In Cleveland parks. according to an
npuncement Of city officials. Hot
lunchss have now become the principal
wares Of the municipal refreshment
stands in the city parks. which were
opened to sell ice cream and peanuts
last summer.
Baltimore and Ohio to Baltimore, OI.as
EOund Trip every Saturday and Sun
day. Good returning until 2 a. III. Mon
day.--Advt.
The Washington times., 1915-01-01
Funds Needed to Wipe
Out Community Tree Debt

The community Christmas tree cele-
bration committee needs several hum
dred dollars to wipe out the indebted
ness.
The executive committee Yesterday Af-
ternoon canvassed the receipts. and to-
day an appeal Is made to the people OF
W ashington to respond to the need.
The Washington times., 1915-01-01
Relief Sent to Beirut.

Fifteen thousand dollars for the re-
lief OF sick and wounded soldiers and
distressed non combatants in the region
OF Beirut In Asia Minor was cabled to
Consul General Hollis by the Red Cross
yesterday.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16
Too Small.

A clipping fell under our eye
day or so ago giving recipe for
strawberry short cake. 1t said
for individual cakes, use the top
of Il baking powder can for a cut
ter, putting two of the biscuit"
together with berries between,
pouring some Of the juice around,
etc. Well, of all things! A
strawberry short cake the size
of the top of a baking powder
can. That might get by in the
effete East where they have but
few Strawberries, but out here in
Missouri where we raise the fruit
in quantities, that sort of thing
sounds too ridiculous. Why,
some of our berries are so large
that you would have to cut one OF
them into four pieces to make
them stick on a cake the size OF
J the top of a baking powder can.
Individual cakes the size of g
soup bowl with a aquart of berries
and pint Of Jersey cream fo1
each is the Missouri style.-Sul
livan News.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

\ few weeks ago the De Soto
Republican criticised Hillsboro
papers Tof not making known
the fact that several prisoners
had escaped from jail, but when
bank in DeSoto, with deposits
amounting to more than Sl2O,OoU
closed its doors some time ago
end left the depositors speculat
Ing as to how much Ofthcir money
would be recovered, not a word
concerning it appeared III the De
Soto papers
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16
Alabama will have only a new
set of convicts to show for hers.
Post Dispatch.
TURPlNITE is LITTLE USED
Asphyxiatinq Shells Have Been Found
to Have Small Effect in the
Open Field.

At the beginning of the war great
deal was said about the newly-discov-
cred turpinite shells, which, it was
asserted, would kill by asphyxiation
all living creatures within a certain
radius. Since then surprise has often
been expressed why little or no use of
this wonderful explosive has been
made by the French artillery. There
are reasons to explain its nonemploy-
ment.
In the first place. turpinite shells
have little effect in the open field.
They can only be usefully fired
against incloseds spaces, forts or
dwellings. And so long as the enemy
is on French or Belgian soil the risk
to French or Belgian civilians would
be too great to justify the use Of tur-
riaite in the bombardment of towns
enc villages. Moreover, the new ex-
llosive can only be used with special
II constructed guns of most delicate
machinery. Used with the ordinary
seventy-f1ves" its dangers would be
almost as great to the French gunners
IS to the enemy.
The speculation now will be
whether turpinite will come into its
own II Germany is invaded and its
1ortresses are bombarded.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

The Globe Democrat. in an cd
itorial comment ON Bryan s state
mont as 20 his reason for resign
ing as Secretary of State says:
Every man has right to his
opinions, and every man has !,
right to express them, but there
are times when it is not only be
coming but duty to hold that
right in allegiance.
If every man were to follow
that advice, where would it take
us? Nowhere. Had the private
opinion, of American citizens
been held in allegiance to the op-
inicns Of the constituted author
ity of the government we would
all still be subjects of England.
Had not the private opinions of
American citizens persisted and
finally surmounted opposing OPT
Mon, the war of the Union would
never have been fought, and
America, as represented by the
United States, would be divid-
eS: country. In the abstract, one
mans opinion is as good as an
others, so why should he hold it
IN abeyance? If it must be, let
him be overborne by the weight
of opinion in opposition, but if
he would remain true to himself
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16
HARD TINES IN TIE sos
People Learned to Practice Economy;
in the Pssiod Following the
Civil War.

The mother who had five little chill
dren to look after during the hard
times that followed the Civil war, was
talking about the high prices which
the European conflict is causing.
People will weather it in some
way," she said. I'VE did in the Civil
war days, and prices aren't anything
now to what they were then.
How did we do it? Why, in every
possible way | remember | utilized
salt bags to make underclothes for my
girls. The salt bags in those days were
of stouter. better material than they
are today, and. as I'd always been
thrifty and saved 'em all. they came,
in pretty handy. ! can tell you. The.
girls were not fond of sitting down
when they had their salt-bag undergar-
ments On, for they said there were SO
many seams that it hurt to sit down.
Il made white skirts for them all
three of them-out OF my own white
skirts. They were pretty full in those
days found | could get along with
one, and the rest cut over LOT the
girls.
The boys wore hard-time suits,
made OF the cheapest, almost shoddy
material and they looked just as
cheap and slimsy as they were. But
the boys didn't mind--it made no diff
ference whether they minded or not,
it was all most people could afford.
I'VE women wore calico dresses a
lot We didn't need wear cotton
gown crusade to get us started in
that direction. There was no other
direction for US to go.
But somehow no one seemed ia
whine or complain much. We were all
in the same boat, and we laughed and
made the best Of it,
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

Between the President and
Mr.. Bryan, as to which stands
as the true exponent OF human
lty IN relation TO our dealing with
Germany on the question of the
latter $ submarine policy, we be,
lievc Mr. Bryan is the nealtst
right. and while h" was perhaps
a iltt.c has \ III rtSiGning as Soc
rctary of State, We must admire
him for his consistent attitude.
lie has the courage of his CunVic
tiOnS and the strength to stand
BY them. More true than any.
thing else is hi>, contention tllat
if a policy Of international honor
and peace is ever to be inauguy
atcd 10y other methua- -
mr" aldu~h' " - "
later. some nation mus,
/ take the first step in that dircc
ton. Tho Presidents position
is based on the old methods ot
force, and when two nations IN
dertake to settle their dispute il
this manner it is idle to talk o.
Humanity" War knows NJ
such word. and will never know
it. AS an example of this, We
need only point to the fact that
while protesting to be- Il ncutra
nation. and while the administra
tion at Washington represent!
itself as the protector of common
rights, we are supplying th'
means by which Europe is carry
ing on the most stupendous hu
man slaughter of all history, bar
barous and civilized. Can ou
President consistently maintain
his attitude while this countr,
is thus aiding inhuman war? lie
US bear in mind that the acts o
Germany on which the Presiden
has based his protests are tn
direct results of American parti
cipation in the war by supplying
Germany's foes with war mate
rials. American dealers in sucl
supplies may have the legal righ
to sci. them where they can fin'
market, but none that can b
condoned from tho standpoin. s
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

names that produce lockjax;'
from Vienna we got pulverl1ed
pup in pig skin yclep., sausage;
from Italy we have the - 'ack
hand, organ aud monkev and
from y we have the harcm
'ror.sers SO full in the seat that
they look like sister has moved
out OF 'em, and the brand of Gig
arctic that emits odor that is a
GROSS between shoeing a horse
and the pre-resurrectioned Lag
araus, SO why shouldn't we be
neutral?-DeXter States man.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16
Who Really Owns Missoq.; Lands.

Eoes a Missouri farmer really
own his own land? If he holds
4 clear title, does the law look up
on him as the owner of the lend,
or does it look upon the state as
the owner and the farmer as the
tenant: These questions are
treated in recent bulletin upon
Land Tenure and Convcyances
in Missouri by Manley O. Hud-
son, professor of law at the Uni,
vcrSity of Missouri, at Conan bla.
Professor hudson gives a history
OF land ownership in NJ
40 land in Mis-
Us really owned except by
the state and that a person hold
ing a title to a farm is really a
tenant of the state. Several hun
dred wears agoin England, the
king owned all land, ownership
of land being a royal preroeative
The king parceled out his land tc
his subjects, who held it by what
was known as a tenure. The
tenant sometimes rendered mill
tarv service to the owner or lord
and sometimes only agriculture
service. This system of lane
holding still prevails in legal the
ry in England.
O \ similar situation existed II
the American colonies under
British dominion, and it is The
accepted view that all land wa
held in tenure prior to the Amer
lean revolution. This system O
land holding was not changed D.
1.-The revolution except that tn
respective states were substlt'''
ed for the British crown as over
lords.
In tho territory acquired D,
the Louisiana purchase thl
i,problem of legal theory is not S
Feasilv solved. The terfltor
(which is now Missouri was OWE
led by France prior to 1862, b
i Spain between 1862 and 1oo:
4 by France from 1902 to 1oo;
when it was ceded to the Unite
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16
Progress vs.. Standing Still.

Georgia works her convicts on
road construction; they earn
maintenance cost and the state
is getting fine public highways.
Alabama employs her convicts
on farms and in mines, where
they make profits for private
contractors and earn for the
State barely enough to support
the system.
Twenty years from today
Georgia will have thousands Of
miles of good roads to show as
the fruit Of her system, while
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

humanity. Our own conduct
seems to have led to the point
where we are about to enter the
war on humane grounds because
We have been inhuman. Mr..
Bryan says he is against si.;oo,.
n thiN., ...u San no lonSer ahiH;;.
Wllh those Wh" stand for it.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

States. Professor Hudson con.
eludes that during these various
periods the land was held by the
French and Spanish crowns re
spectiv"lS lie traces the history
ar the Spanish law which prevail
ed in Missouri until 1916 and
shows that It Included 4 syster,
eli land tenure SOmewhat similar
to that which prevailed in Eng
land.
The Legislature Of Missouri
abolished tie Spanish law in
lSlh find substituted the so call
ed common law of England. BY
the common law of England, as
is shown above, land was held
by the crown. Mr.. Hudson cOu-
cludes, therefore, that laud in
Missouri today is really owned
by the steve ANA held ~ the per-
soA who has thc: title, either be-
"aas' of thc sy stem of tenure in
the Spanish law or because OF
the adoption of the common law
of England in l9l6.
Mr.. Hudson says that the
courts and lawyers seem to have
assumed, without much discus
sion Of the subject, that tenure
did rot tiEd its way into Missouri
law. His conclusion shows tina
: in many respects our law is Still
based on mcdiaeval conceptions
Many states have, by constitu
tional amenl lment or Legislative
enactment, abolished this feuda
; conception of land tenure, an
Professor Hudson believes tina
if his conclusion is right, the la1
) in Missouri should be change
by a constitutional amendmen
Il which would declare that Ian
can really be owned by the pei
son who has the title.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

and the teachings Of civil liberty,
he must uphold his own views
against those Of any other indi-
vidual until he personally sees lit
to alter them. No other person
has the right to tell him to sub
side and let another views pre-.
vail IN preference.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16
Our Grounds For Neutrality.

We got the sparrow and fawn'
CIV pronunciation from England
we got the carp, Hessian fly and
limburger cheese from Germany
we hired from France the slit
skirt. the tight and the near-no
skirt, at all; from Russia we got
anarchy and unproDounceabie
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

Preachers are discerning the
value Of newspaper advertising.
so they advertise for congrcga
tionS. business men should
take the hint. If an ad will
bring in a sinner, it should also
nrjng in 4 customer.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

The President is said to be
about to place an embargo against
the shipment Of arms and anu.
milton to Mexico, but norcstraint
vii! be placed on any going to
Europe. Sure, under such Cir
cums,anccs. consistency is a
Scintilating jewel.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16
lreland'a Wheat Yield.

Consul Hunter Sharp writes from
Belfast that the yield Of wheat in Ire
land in 1914 was 75s,154 hundred
weight; of oats. 1s.0s1.s61 hundred
weight: Of barley, 3,460,01S hundred
weight. a British hundredweight be-
ing liz pounds.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

Lead and zinc are booming
simply because the guns over IN
Europe are booming. and not be-
cause Of anything the Wilson adj
ministratiou has done to boom
the market.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

Presideu, Ti'son $ last note TO-
Germany does not thIIat"n wal
hy any means, but leaves the in
saycncc that unless its demands
are needed by the Kaiser. he may
expect moro posltl!c Interpolation
~, thc SObiCct
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

\ Bridgeport, Conn concern
Nas undertaken to till a 900,
900 contract 10 sunply Italy with
proicctilcs to fire at "a, - HrmanS.
That kind Of prosperity don t
appeal to the right thinking
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

Government statistics show
that during the past year tho
per capi,a consumption of intoxi
c,,ing liquor in this country was
H2', uallons. AS we did not ge'
ours, someone else must have
taken opap overload.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

Only seventeen of the ia coun-
ties in Missouri remain wholly
us, aud 80 are wholly dry. This
looks ike d pretty good answer
to the claim tina, prohibition is
foolish fanaticiSm.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

The United States declares the
I.usitaDia was unarmed; Ter
many declares she was. Now,
shall we get our guns and shoot
it out, or act like sensible people.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

Mr.. Wilson's activity in the
direction of Europe has probably
been planned to distract atten-
tiou from the Democratic foOzle
in domestic affairs.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

That great wave of prosperity
we hear so much about of late
has not yet begun to trickle over
the floor of our sanCtum.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

"Gcneral Gallopin, says a dis
patch from Paris, pinned the
decoration on the breast of each
man and kissed him. Sherman
was right about it.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

Mavhc Mr.. Rr,.r is trvinr to
paramount Peace with Prohibi-
ton.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

In getting out of Mr.. Wilson's
cabinet Mr.. Bryan looks bigger
than he did while he was i'll it.
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16

Now comes the Chautauqua.
You farmers: Here's your invita-
ton to come in and enjoy these good thing.
Of the Chautauqua with us. Now, you say,
it will cost some money is the reason we
want you to come Yes it costs little
money to attend the Chautauqua
Not very much however. Not any,
thing compared with the value. But it costs
us money, too. We've got to buy tickets,
Potosi journal. (Potosi, Mo.) 1894-1929, 1915-06-16
A Chautauqua That's for
the Farmers, Too

Some stuck apyusa Tsyare too busy admir-
themselves take squn folks a xe adding 50 much eb
their prosperity.
This town mighty hard the as oupd here better all the
time doesn't anything separate around We have
no high walls our outskirts We hesQghe
interests and we ought to work together good deaf moethan
Evening star., 1915-05-02
GRAPHITE, TIRE LUBRICANT.
Declared to Be Best Means Of Pre-.
venting Friction Damage.

The use of tire lubricant. espe-
cially since the arrival of hot weather.
should be of interest to the motorist."
said a local automobile man a few
days ago.
"Authorities on automobile tire ad-
wise the selection OF large sizes. proving
that these will give best and longest
service. They also suggest that motor
lists take particular care to avoid get
ting oils or gasoline on the inner tubes.
Light oils are especially injurious be
cause they are readily absorbed and
quickly lessen the strength of the
rubber
"One of the big factors in inner tube
deterioration is heat. the heat caused
by the friction of the shoe on the road
You can appreciate this heat II you
place your hand on a tire after It has
covered fairly good distance at a
fairly good speed.
To try to reduce this heating OF the
inner tube many motorists use soap
stone between the tube and the shoe.
Soapstona is pretty good. but IT has Its
injurious effects. in that 1t easily pene-
trates the pores of the rubber. When
used to excess soapstone is code
fendant in blowout cases.
Tale and other mediums are used to
eliminate friction between tube and
shoe but the best among these is Make
graphite
Flake graphite when used as tire
lubricant makes the inner tube fit bet
tor and easier in the shoe. and 1t has
the added advantage of being a non
conductor of heat. 1t Is more lasting
than soapstone, is positively not IN.
furious to rubber, has no suspicion OF
grit and reduces friction to almost
luhricating layer between the shoe and
the tube"