davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
PREC0CIoUS PAINTERS.
Some Famous Pictures That Were
Produced by Mere Boys.

Some Famous Pictures That Were
Produced by Mere Boys.
Sir David Wilkie was probably the
most popular painter of his time and
one of the most deservedly so, and his
pictures today are almost all in the
great national collections or I'm the pos
session of the king. He was extreme
ly precocious and might be said to
have been born with a palette in his
hand.
Wilkie painted his famous and very
characteristic picture, ''Pitlessie Fair"
when be was a mere lad. 1t was
local scene which he knew well, and
the 40 figures which it contains were
all sketcked from his fathers parish
toner's, for Wilkie was q son of the
manse" AS his father would have
been very angry to think his boy was
doing such a wrong thing as to ridi-
cule his dear flock, David had to use
his models quite ''unbeknown" to them
in fact, during service. The young
artist got them all under the book
board and transferred them to cam
vas at his leisure.
Everybody knows that Millais was
an Infant prodigy" Did he not win
the gold medal of the Royal academy
when he was nine?
At South Kensington hangs a glow
ing and mastery canvas entitled "Pi-
zarro Selling the Inca of Peru" How
many boys of fifteen know anything
Of Pizarro or the Incas even If they
happen to know the whereabouts Of
Peru? Yet Millais was only that age
when he not only knew these things,
but could realize them in splendid
power In paint and get his picture on
the line at the academy, and he was
only nineteen when be painted one OF
his supreme masterpieces, judged by
some to be the greatest thing he ever
did, Lorenzo and Isabella" which is
one of the treasures of the Walker
Art Gallery of Liverpool.
Holman Hunt was only twenty when
he painted his famous Eve Of st. Ag-
nes'' and still little more than a boy
when he painted his remarkable pic
ture which he called Behold | Stand
at the Door and Knock" but which is
known to the world today as "The
Light of the World" replica of which
can be seen in st. Paul's cathedral.
Rossetti painted his lovely picture,
"Girlhood of Mary Virgin" when he
was twenty and his famous "Ecce An
ella Domini'' the year following.
Landseer was amazingly precocious.
He exhibited his first academy picture
when he was ifteen.--Exchange
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
A Luxurious Poorhouss.

Nsrdan college. Blackheath, is the
most luxuriously equipped almshouse
In existence. Admission Is strictly lin
tied to merchants who have fallen on
svn times. Mere clerks are not eligi-
BILE, candidates being required to prove
that they have been In large way Of
business for themselves. Each men,
Der OF the college draws yearly al
lowsncs OF f110 and on admission re-
os4vss f25 worth of furniture for his
two rooms. unless he prefers to bring
his own There are well trained men
servants. and TO every three members
one maid servant is allotted. Members
must attend certain number Of chap
els and be In by II O'Clock at night II
they come In at all, but there La no
other restriction on their liberty, and
they can go away for weeks at time
If they choose.-London Chronicle.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
Judqinq by Appearances

The tired father of a restless boy
Grated as follows, nos speaking to the
boy directly. but doing it in his pres
ence:
How true 1t is that it is never safe
to Judge by Appearances!
YES" replied the boys mother, see
ing that it was her cue and answering
with another version Of the cliche. zap
pearances are often awfully decep-
tive"
"And so are inanimate Objects con-
tinued the paterfamilias with marked
emphasis. "You would think, for in
stance, IL you judged by appearances,
that the heavy pair of school shoes |
bought for James the other day was
going to last for more than three
weeks, wouldn't you? And you would
never think that the fragile looking
arithmetic bought him at the begin
ming of the term would bid fair to last
forever But look at 'emw-Cleveland
Plain Dealer.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
The Minimum Mace.

Adopting the recommendation of the
conference, the Washington state in
dustrial welfare commission has fixed
50 per week as the minimum wage for
chambermaids and "other hotel help, .
while the recommendation for $11 per
week for mattresses was rejected, and
another conference will be called soon
to further consider the problem. E. w.
Olson, chairman of the commission, is
sued statement saying conditions for
mattresses vary to such degree that
further consideration will have to be
given to fixing their compensation A
minimum of $3.50 week for all mi
nors, male and female, employed in ho-
tells or restaurants was adopted.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
THE SHARE OF LABOR.
Wage VIII Be Great or Small Accord
ind TO Effort MAZDA hu Wnrkars

Wage VIII Be Great or Small Accord
ing to Effort Made by Workers.
The history Of wars seems to be that
they are followed by periods Of extraor-
dinary business activity. War strick-
en- countries usually set out after the
war is over to recreate the wealth that
has been destroyed. This means large
opportunities for employment TO the
available labor that Is left when the
cannon have got through. 1t means
that labor is in demand; that those who
do the work must be supplied with all
the necessities Of life In return for
their wages and that there is opportu-
nifty for wage earners to earn a living
The burden of recreating the wealth
and Of supplying all the necessities of
life Is upon the wage earners. What
they shall get in return for their eff
forts depends very largely upon them
selves
War does not relieve the wage earn
er from the duty of maintaining his
bdOS iil1OI OISdulLdlIDIl. Il1 lIle con
trary, it intenslfes that duty. We are
not discussing ideals or chasing rain
bows. To say that war Is wrong or
that the present system of industry is
wrong or that labor Is entitled to all
1t produces or to make other express
sions of similar character are mere
platitudes. The trade union movement
exists for practical purposes in the
practical present and the practical fu-
ture. In spite Of the fact that war is
wrong, there is a war, and after the
war will come peace, not because peace
Is right, but because peace is inevitable.
and with peace will come a quicken
ing of industry and opportunity for the
employment of labor all over the world
And when that opportunity comes the
share that labor will get will not be
all 1t produces, because that is right In
accordance with any theory, Utopian
or otherwise, but the share that labor
can secure through its own efforts
And if labor does not make any efforts
its share will be less, and if labor Gnites
and acts in concert its share viii be
greater. ana this is true all the time
in war or III peace
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
Namlno n City.

From the Cleveland Plain Dealer
we learn that the modern spelling OF
the name of the city is due to the error
Of a type manufacturer who sent to
set Of type which was too fiat" as
printers say In other words, too wide
to allow the heading of the paper to
be spelled In the old and correct way.
Az the correction OF the mistake was
were the transportation facilities Of
those days, the printer suggested that
the first "a" be left out of the name.
1t was done, and thus the town re-
ceived new name
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
BEDOUIN WOMEN.
They Know Little or Nothing OF the
World Beyond Arabia.

They Know Little or Nothing OF the
World Beyond Arabia.
Time seemed to turn back twenty
centuries when / stepped off the Tigris
river steamer at Bagdad. Old Testa-
ment men in turbans, sandals and
quaint flowing robes t'abbas'') crowded
about, calling each other "Yusif" and
"Musa"-Joseph and Moses. From the
rivers edge yelled women walked
away, gracefully upright, carrying on
their shoulders tall jars Of water-the
same style of jars no doubt that held
the water when 1t turned to wine.
Sheep are slain to seal VOW, and the
blood covenant is common.
With their own shapely hands Arab
women still wash the feet OF honored
guests; upon their own heads they
mourn for their dead children, and
should Bedouin woman sin her broth
er may cut her throat. and the tribe
will applaud his awful act of righteous
wrath.
Arab women live, love, slave and die
knowing little Of their Christian sisters
In the western world.
Few Arab women l met had ever
even heard of America. One or two.
whose husbands sold wool and dates to
Bagdad traders. knew there was such
a place as "Amerique," but they be-
neved 1t merely part OF that far
away land called London, whence
came their bright calico and the cheap
guns used by the sheiks In tribal wars
Even the men can tell the women
little Of the world beyond the deserts
rim
For all the average Arab woman
knows Of America, she might as well
live on Mars. My serving maid, Neil
bah (he starr. asked me IL I camo
to Bagdad from Amerique by railway
train. Once on this ancient plain, how
ever, lived wise women-the consorts
Of kings-whose names and fame come
down to us through the centuries.--
National Geographic Magazine.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
CALL OF THE SEA.
Land Is Existence, but the Oceans Are
Life and Civilization.

Life and Civilization.
From the dawn of time, humanity
has dreamed of the sea- Land Is exist
ence. but water is life. The open sea
is the open mind. The oceans are CIV
ilization.
Watch the movements of tho pro-
gressive races. 1t Is from land to wa
ter, from water to wider water. First
there are the rivers. like the Euphrates
and the Nile, and the civilizations upon
their banks are vastly superior to the
civilizations Of the interiors. But once
the seas are discovered and mastered
the civilizations of the rivers sink into
and Rome wake into life. Then the
oceans And once the oceans are con-
quered, you have France and Germany
and England.
Suppose back there In the long ago q
naked sword had been laid across the
mouths of the Euphrates and the Nile
And suppose humanity, having discov-
cred an overland route to the southern
peninsulas of Europe, had found bar
ring their further march another sword
across the strait OF Gibraltar. And sup
pose that thereafter all overland routes
to the ocean had been blocked. say.
with long lines of cannon. Ii the de
mocracy of Greece never arose on the
Euphrates and the strong type Of the
independent Roman never developed on
the Nile or If I'M the second case that
sane, stable constitutional government
that is the pride Of England never
bloomed in Greece and the splendid ed
ucational system that Is the pride Of
Germany never fourished In Rome,
upon which lands would the blame lie
upon those on the inside or upon
those on the outside. upon those that
found the sword across their path or
upon those that laid 1t there7-From
"The World Storm-and Beyond" by
Edwin Davies Schoonmaker.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
LABOR NOTES.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

$S'STSSDSN'S'SNS>HVS SSNSNSSVVIVSVV
There are 10000 factories in New
York city.
Common laborers" employed by the
municipality OF Oklahoma City will
hereafter enjoy fifteen days vaca-
ton with pay.
Representatives of eighty-fve labor
organizations In New York city are
making plans to raise 100000 to de-
fend labor leaders recently indicted in
the city.
That % per cent Of the men employ
ed In this country last year in the
smelling and refining cf lead suffered
from lead poisoning is the startling
statement of the bureau of labor sta
tistics.
In Amsterdam the diamond industry
gives employment to more than 10000
working persons sawyers, cleavers
polishers, cutters, etc. OF this number
about $500 are members of the Anal.
gamated Union OF Dutch Diamond
Workers
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
MOLECULES AND HEAT.
Why Hot Water DisssoIves Most Sub
stances Quicker Than Cold.

Why Hot Water DisssoIves Most Sub
stances Quicker Than Cold.
Most housewives know that sugar
will dissolve far more quickly In hot
water than In cold, but very few know
hat salt will dissolve In cold water
Just as quickly az when the water is
boiling. In this salt is somewhat Of
an exception. for most substances dis
solve much more easily when water II
hot.
The reason for this was a mystery in
the middle ages, and it is only since
tho modern knowledge Of molecules
that it could be explained.
Heat Is nothing more nor less than
an increase In the speed with which
the molecules are revolving. This as
easily seen In molasses. When very
cold it will hardly flow at all, when
warmed 1t will pour slowly, but when
boiling hot it will pour In thin sirup
almost as liquid as milk. In the same
way boiling water is more liquid than
cold water.
that the sugar enters into the tiny
spaces between the molecules of the
water, the more quickly they are NOV
Ing the easier 1t is for the sugar to get
It For, 1t must be remembered, you
can fill glass to certain level, and
after that put In two, three or even
four Jumps Of sugar and the glass will
be no fuller than before.
The reason for this is shown by
merely thinking Of the process on a
large scale. Suppose bowl were filed
full Of marbles. You could pour lot
Of bird shot into 1t without making the
marbles rise any higher In the bowl
The shot would be filling In all the lit
10 cracks between the marbles, and IL
you stirred the marbles slowly the
shot would little by little find its place
That II like the sugar In cold water.
But II the marbles were being whirl-
ID around rapidly the shot would rap
IDLY Ill every place and the bowl
veuA b full Of shot. Yet the marbles
would not be any higher In the bowl.
Then, after all that. you could pour
water into the bowl and 1t would get
into the small spaces between the
round shot, and still the marbles would
not be any higher In the bowl.
1t Is in this way that substances
which have been dissolved find their
way into the liquids into which they
have been dissolved.-Nsw York Amer
lean.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
a CarlvIe Retort.

An empty headed duke once said to
Thomas Carlyle at a dinner:
1.-THE British people. sir. can afford
to laugh at theories.
Carlyle, scowling, replied:
1.-THE French nobility of a hundred
years ago thought that they could af-
ford to laugh at theorists too. But a
man came and wrote a book called
The Social Contract This man was
Jean jacques Rousseau, and his book
was theory and nothing but theory.
The mobiles could laugh at his theory,
but their skins went to bind the Sec
ond edition of the book"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
COURTS TAKE SAME STAND

GAPeTi0HCe OuoWS iuat wherever tH0
System Has Been In Operation Its
Advantages and Justice Come to Be
Recognized by Both Employers and
Workers-Pennsylvan New Law.
Pennsylvania workmen's compensa-
tion law, which goes into effect on the
ast Of January, is fundamentally SINH
lar to the New York workmen's COM
pensation law, says the Philadelphia
Press. The differences between the
two statutes are simply in matters Of
detail. Consequently there is not lit
tie significance for the people Of this
commonwealth in the decision just rem
dered by the court of errors and ap-
peals Of the Empire State that the COM
pensation act is a valid exercise Of leg
tslattve power and not in contraven-
ton Of the United States constitution.
This means that the court of last
resort in New York state has Travelled
far to meet public opinion in the five
years since their first workmen's COM
pensation law was enacted. That stat
ute was promptly declared unconstitu-
tional by the court Of errors and ap-
peals on the ground that it contravened
both the state and federal constitu-
tions. The people, however, speedily
adopted a constitutional amendment
under which a new law was carefully
framed
The opinion of the court now takes
into account the findings of the United
States supreme court that the police
power Of a state authorizes the enact
ment Of any laws that may be deemed
proper for the protection of the health
or for the general well being of the
people The court also takes judicial
notice of the growth of public opinion
in regard to compensating for indus
trial accidents regardless of whether
there was a cause of action at com.
mon law.
An enlightened social consciousness
today almost universally favors a more
just and economical system of provid-
ing compensation for accidental in
juries than that which made the en-
plOyee bear the whole loss on account
OF the injury unless in protracted and
expensive action at law he could prove
that his employer was negligent or had
failed In a specific duty toward the
plaintiff. In the larger establishments
In New York state it has been found
less expensive to regard compensation
for industrial injuries as part Of the
cost of production and make the linn
tied payments prescribed by the stat
ute rather than resort to the courts,
where the ''wasteful and protracted
damage SUITS says the opinion, are
usually unjust in their results either
to the employer or the employee and
sometimes to BOTH
Therefore it is held competent for
the state In the promotion of the gen
eral welfare to require both employer
and employee to yield something to-
ward the establishment of a principle
and plan of compensation for their mu-
tual protection and advantage. Soon
we will have in Pennsylvania the sys-
tenn of statutory compensation for in
dustrial injuries. Experience Of it's
operation elsewhere leads to the belief
that within comparatively short time
both employers and employees will ad-
NIT the advantage of IL. Adjustment
of insurance charges will be rapidly
made here as elsewhere and calculated
asa part of the cost of production.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES,
LABOR BRIEFS.


The San Francisco Walters union
has resolved to wage campaign to
eliminate all Asiatic employees from
cafes, restaurants, hotels and saloons.
Worcester (Mass) Central Labor un-
lon has indorsed the $3.50 daily wage
demand Of city laborers. These work
ers are organized and affiliated to the
trade union movement.
Employees Of the Overland Automo-
bile company Of Toledo, O., were re-
Gently notified that their hourly rates
would be increased 5 per cent Nearly
1900 workers are affected.
San Francisco Plasterers union No.
90 has announced that hereafter 1t will
not permit its members to work more
than five days In any one week. Sat
urdays and Sundays will be observed
az holidays.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
"ElowsryT Namea.

Many OF the Chinese names are Of q
''howery" character. The Chinese min
lister at Washington for many years
was Wu Ting Fang, name which sig
miles fragrant place." The name Of
the minister to England at the same
time was Lo Feng Lo, meaning "a rich
harvest" while the name of the con-
temporary minister to France, Yu
Ksng, signif1ed much gold" The reg
ular name for little Chinese girl baby
II MY thousand ounces OF gold"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
To Extend EIGHT Hour Day.

Two of the most important measures
discussed at the recent convention of
the Upholsterers and Trimmers' Inter
national union at Philadelphia were
the eight hour day throughout the Unit
ed States and Canada for this trade
and the formation of the women work
ers into an organization. While the
eight hour day prevails throughout the
east and parts of the west, there are
some places in the middle west where
1t is not in effect.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
Mora Paw For Eiraman.

The Stationary Ffremen's union of
Kansas City has raised wages So per
week, making the rate $3.50 per day of
eight hours. About 200 f1remen are
affected. In 1898 wages of f1remen In
the city ranged from S12 to $14 per
week of seven days, twelve hours a
day Since then the rates have In
creased through organization to $24.50
per week of seven days, with an eight
hour day.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
Or. johnson. homsIIn.s..

Samuel Johnson was himself-And
this is quality rarely found In plain"
men under no Illusion az to hts per-
sonal appearance. DR.. Burney tells us
that on one occasion while Miss Bur
ney was examining his portrait -
peeped over her shoulder and, with q
ludicrous half laugh, exclaimed: "Ah.
ha, Sam Johnsonl l see thee-anA IN
ugly dog thou art!-London Times.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
THE TRADE UNION.

The American trade union was
born with sympathetic soul.
} Her ear is tuned to catch the
whispering walls of oppression.
} Her tongue has always denounc-
\ ed the wrong and upheld the
} right. Her hands have always
been lifting men to a higher and
better life by shortening their
hours of toll, increasing their
rate of pay and improving their
! environments in general. If she
has erred it has been on the side
of mercy and humanity, for as
an organization she has always
) marched forward, only demand
ing the God given and constitu-
} tional rights of the American
workmen. seeking to arouse
them to a sense of their rights
as citizens of great republic
} and through organization estab-
lish their liberty. She has never
} thrown down the gauntlet to any
one and only stood by demand
} Ing the rights of free men under
! a free flag. If this Is un-Ameri-
} can | pause for some one to show
> me where and why.-W. ID. Ma
! hon.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
Aramaic.

Aramaic, one of the languages which
are used in the Old Testament, was the
Semitic dialect spoken by the people
north of Canaan when the Israelites
took that country From the days OF
the Babylonian exile Aramaic was used
as the medium of communication be-
tween Jews and other Semitic people
and gradually supplanted Hebrew even
In Palestine, where it became the COM
mon language about B. @. 200.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
Mechanical PiddIes,

Engineers say that among tho things
that will never be settled are tho fol-
lowing: Whether long screwdriver
is better than short one Of the same
family; whether water wheels run
faster at night than they do In the day
time; the best way to harden steel;
which side OF the belt should run next
the pulley, and the right way to lace
helts. Londnu Exoress.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
Rare Attainment.

What makes you think Miss Tril-
ler has such marvellous musical edu-
cationY
"She actually knows how to pro-
nounce correctly the names OF all the
classical selections she plays" Wash
ington Star.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
Pullman Company Acta.

Chairman Frank P. Walsh Of the
United States commission on industrial
relations recently received letter
the board of directors of the Pullman
company, stating that the directors had
appointed a committee to look into the
subject of better pay for conductors
and porters.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
The Modern ifa.

kslpomene had just put her parents
b bed.
''It In all matter Of kindness and
patience" she explained II never
struck either OF them"
Still, few children display such tact
In bringing up their elders.-Philadel
phia Ledger.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
Her Ihouuhtfulness.

George, DEAR" said Mrs. Dovekins,
who had come downstairs In time to
pour the coffee, ''I'm going to walk to
the car with you this morning. Aren't
you glad?"
Every glad, indeed, lovey. It's -
nice Of you to think Of me and get up
early for the purpose Of making it un-
necessary to walk those dismal three
blocks alone. How much do you waAtY'
Exchange.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1915-08-20
Expanslvs.

"Jiggs has very wide acquaint-
ance"
Il know It. l saw him ON the street
with her the other nigh" Buffalo Ex-
press.