davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12
DRYING Hands Without a TOWEL

FIRST it was good.by to the I'M
sanitary and lcng.condemned
I roller towels when individual
paper towels came into use. Now an
electric toilet machine OF novel form
has been invented that altogether
does away with the use of towels and
substitutes hot air.
This apparatus is q hygienic medi.
UNI for drying the hands and face of
its user. 1t Is designed not only for
installation in private homes. but
also for offices and public buildings.
With this new toilet device tho
hands may be thoroughly dried in 20
or 20 seconds. by bending close to
the funnel of the apparatus the face
may be thoroughly dried In about the
same time.
The general appearance OF the de.
vice, which is finished in white en-.
amel and surmounted by a mirror
is not materially different from many
vending machines. a pedal at the
base of the standard provides for the
operation of the instrument which
throws out through an adjustable
funnel at the front steady draft a,
hot, perfumed air. Pressure exertefl
upon the pedal not only starts tho
machine but also adjusts the funnel
to whatever angle is desired.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12
Diagram Showing the Mechan-
ism Used in Demonstrating the
Rotation of the Earth.

ton. That this is 40 any reader can
easily prove for himself He has
only to hold between the thumb and
forcfngcr of one hand thin cord to
the bottom OF which fairly heavy
weight is attached As the weight
swings the arm may be moved almost
in any direction, without appreciebly
changing the plane of the pendulum
beat.
In the accompanying diagram let
US suppose that Alb is a straight hor.
izontal rcd from which the free pend.
ulum CD is suspended in the manner
indicated at C.
Suppose the pendulum to be set
swinging in the direction Of the
length Of the rod ALB. so that D re.
mains throughout the oscillation
vertically under she rod ABB.
II the rod ALB he horizontally ro.
tated in the manner indicated by the
arrows it will be found that the pend.
ulum does not follow the rod, but
continues to swing in the same plane
as before.
1t does not matter II the point b OF
the rod is fixed, and II the rod itself
is shifted by moving the end A hori.
zontally around D as pivot. The
pendulum still continues to swing in
the same plane.
This is true whatever may be the
length Of the rod. Hence it is clear
that the same tlxity of the plane of
swing will be observed IL the rod bc
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12

fomley Is receiving Inquiries concern.
Ing tho properties OF that new plant
food. tho product OF Tho botanical.
biological laboratory. which is to
make the least promising soils bring
forth their increase.
II is called Humogen, and II YOU
annlyze that word into "humus."
which is the essential part Of soil,
and into genesis" which may he
taken to mean lifc-growth. You Will
arrive ut some idea OF the founda.
tons of Prof. Bottomley's discovery.
"Humogcn" Ia nothing more nor
less than the peat moss with the key
turned In the loclt-wlth It's plant
food substances liberated. digestibIe.
ready for use. Prof. Bottomley made
an experiment with It. which was
like conluring trick, but which in
the light OF his enthusiasm and OK.
plantations carried more conviction
than conjnring tricks generally do.
He took handful OF pcat-moss. an.
other handful OF the very best ma.
nura and third. but smaller hand.
full. of his black humogen. Ho put
ench OF these quantities into lnbora-
tory saucers and poured boiling wa
ter over them. After few moments
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12

shifted horizontally rs though form.
ing par; of radial line from a point
E in its length.
In these cases .the plane of the
pendulum's swing will. indeed, be
shifted bodily. but the direction OF
swing will still continue in the same
plane.
Let POP represent tho polar axis
of the earth; ab horizontal rod at
the pole bearing pendulum as
shown.
II the earth is rotating about POP
in the direction shown by the arrow.
the rod alb is being shifted round pre-
cisely as in the case previously con.
s!dered. The swinging pendulum be.
low it will not partake in its motion,
and thus. through whatever arc the
earth rotates, from west to east. the
plane OF swing of the pendulum will
appear TO travel from east to west
under alb.
A pendulum. however, cannot
easily be set up Mt the pole of tho
earth. The experiment must be con-
Quoted at more convenient point.
Suppose ALB to be q pendulum
bearing rod. placed-for convenience
OF description merely-in north and
south position. Then It is clear that
ALB produced meets the polar axis
produced-at E-and when. owing to
the earth's rotation. the rod has been
carried to the position ABB, it still
passes through the point E.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12

Those who handle mercury are Mt.
tackled by salvation and nervous.
ness. In the mirror industry the in
PRODUCTION of safety equlpmen. ) in
many cases has iesscned the dan.
gers of handling mercury. However.
In the manufacture of felt. dry bat
terics. bronzing. thermometers and
barometers there are still. cases of
morcurial poisoning.
The use of aniiine in dye works
results in such illnesses as nervous
Affections. headaches or lassitude. To
those who arc subjected to strong
vapors from dye watts the results arc
often fatal.
In rubber factories. cleaning and
dyeing establishments the tendency
to what is called "naphtha intox:ca-
ton" Is common. Often the use OF
large quantities OF benzine in carpet
cleaning establishments necessltates
prompt attention to resuscitatc en-
ployes seriously affected BY the
fumes.
The lnha,ation of disulphide gas.
used In the extraction OF fats. pro-
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12
The Jumping FLEA

THE jumping powers of fleas
have been much exaggerated.
according to a bulletin on these
insects recently issued by the United
States department Of agriculture.
The species known as the human flea
CPulex irritans) is probably the best
jumper.
According to Mitzmaln, the maxi.
mum horizontal distance this species
can jump is 10 inches. and the maxi
mum vertical distance less than eight
inches.
Tho question of a fiea's jumping
powers is of Importance In connec.
ton with the spread of bubonic
plague and other diseases of which
this insect is the carrier. Tho Indian
Plague Commission, which has in.
vestigated the habits OF the Indian
rat flea, finds Its maximum horizon.
tai jump to be only five inches, while
Mitzmain records the maximum
height to which 1t can jump Us 30
inches.
One species OF flea. the stick.
tight" is nearly incapable of jumping,
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12

Hence it has shifted through The
angle AEA, a motion which core.
spends to the case of the motion OF
ALB tdiagram) about the point Z, and
the plane of the pendulum's swing
will. therefore. show displacement
equal to the angle AEA.
II will be seen at once that for
given are of rotation the dispIace-
ment is smaller in this case than In
the former, since the angle AEA is
obviously less than the angle AKA.
In the latitude of New York free
pendulum would seem TO shift
through one degree in about five min.
utcs.
Il is obvious that n great deal de-
ponds on the mode of suspension. In
Foucault's original mode of suspen.
sion the upper end of the wire bear.
ing the pendulum was fastened to n
metal plate by means OF screw.
1t might be supposed that the tor.
sion OF the wire would appreciably
affect the results. In reality, how.
ever, the torsioa was very small.
1t is usually customary to fasten a
stylus to the bottom OF the bob, which
stylus, as the bob swings. ploughs
through layer of sand on hori.
zcntal table.
Spectators find It hard to believe
that the pendulum is not swinging
round toward the east, but that 1t is
the table itself that is slowly and i'm
pcrceptibly turning In the opposite
direction.
When Foucault made the expert.
ment he awaited himself OF the favor.
able physical conditions of the Pan.
,hcon in Paris. His pendulum
weighed GO pounds and was 210 feet
long. 1t is necessary to use n mas.
sive sphere.
The suspcnding wire is made as
long as possible In order to get con.
siderable linear with small angular
displacement. Besides this, when the
pendulum is long 1t swings slowly.
This facilitates the readings.
The experiment is most easily un
derstood IL 1t is supposed to take
place Mt one of the earth's poles. say
the north pole. Here to an observer
the earth would revolve horizontally
from west to east.
II at the pole the pendulum is sci
to vibrating in any direction witt
regard to space. line drawn on the
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12

lead get lead collie" The Invention
Of the typesetting machine has great
~ reduced tho printers chances of
contracting this disease.
A twitching and sometimes paraly-
sis OF the fingers attacks telegra.
pliers. pian.sts. engravers, cigar.mak.
ers, seamstre7ses. stenographcrs and
violinists. THIS Is called fatigue neu.
rosis. and among authors is known
as writer's cramp."
Boiler.makers and rivetcrs usually
suffer some degree of deafness.
The relation of occupation to
health is being constantly investi-
gated, to the end that workers NAV
become acquainted with at least
some of the symptoms of trade dis.
eases. in order that medical aid may
be promptly secured.
While much las been done by
modern methods toward eliminating
the causes of trade diseases. result
ing In increased efficiency among
employees. tho Intelligent cooperation
OF workmen Is still needed to bring
about many necessary improvements
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12
DISEASES That RESULT from Certain OCCUPATIONS

pearance of the fever. and bids fair
for recovery.
BY the constant inhalation of -four
dust, millers and bakers are suscep.
tlblc to pneumonia. Carpenters, cab.
inet.makers and laborcrs In grnin
elevators show n similar tendency.
The use Of red phosphorus instead
OF white in match factories has no.
duced the evil effects caused by the
latter such as decaylng of teeth. dis.
cases Of the glands of the neck and
Inflammation OF the Jaws
Eczema of the hands. arms and
face Is common to furniture polish.
ers. and is supposed to be due to i'm.
pure alcohol used In their work. A
somewhat similar affliction attacks
those who are employed in the man
ufacture of quinine. The inalady
disappears on taking up another vo-
cation.
Jaundlce. stiffness of tho Joints
and anaemia are the usual troubles
of those who work rs smelters, being
due to the arsenic fumes inhaled In
cidental to the process.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12

earth under the ball will rotate
round the pole counter-clockwise
and complete its rotation under the
plane of the swinging pendulum in
% hours less minutes-the sidereaI
day. The movement would, there.
fore, be about Is degrees per hour
The desirability of position for tho
performance OF the experiment al.
minishes as the equator ia nm.
preached. at which place 1t is inoper.
alive. epe-
The rule for determining the tir,o
OF the complete rotation Of tho
ground line is this: Divide % hours
and Sc minutes by the sine OF tba
angle of latitude where the cxneri.
ment is. being performed. For tho
latitude of New York city the time
would be 3Ga hours.
To get the distance the line movos
per hour. divide $50 deg-ces nv tbo
time of the rotation of the ground
line. For New York city 1t would be
as degrees. 1 W
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12
How SCIENCE Is
INCREASING the
GROWTH Of FOOD

food plants and other plants
grow better in a rich soil than
! in others; and in order to make
them grow the soil must be fed with
fertilizers natural or artificial. Fur
thermore. science has shown that a
condition of fruitful growth In many
plants is the presence In the soil OF
bacteria. which split up the plants
food into easily digostible morsels.
The bacteria feed the plant with nj.
trogen, for example, in form that
II can take as readily as IN invalid
takes beef.tea.
Now, II there were an inexhausti.
bic supply OF nitrosen.food for plants
in the world. in tho form of nitratos
the problem of increasing tho fertil.
ity of all crops would be solved. But
there is not. Is there any other way
Of feeding the plant from the b!ologi.
cal chemists laboratory?
Prof. Bottomley of Kings College.
London, says that there is: and that
he can mako q cheap plant food OF
the most nourishing kind. which will
make every field. and every laborer's
allotment yield beyond all expects-
tons.
From all over the world Prof. Bot.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12
TESTIMONY TO THE

no poured out tho liquids through
tunnels into test.tutes. The first
iest.tube OF the peat-moss solution
bore n colorlcss liquid. Nothing had
been dissolved ont OF the moss: no
food extracted. The solution OF the
Chelsea prime manure was llghtish
brown. A little food had been dis
solved out, not much. and even when
1t had been prccipltated there was
still not much. But the third solu.
tlon of the humogcn was treacly
blackish brown fluid. which to the
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12

for soldiers who since they entered
active military service have been
more or less disabled because of the
absence OF teeth. soft food" is not
filling when a man is doing trench
work, and anyway the bill of fare for
soldiers comprises meat and vegeta.
BIDS which the soldier has found i'm
possible to masticate. Every TOW
weeks. it is said. these soldiers have
to enter some hospital to undo the
consequences Of the war solid food.
With plates of teeth for all these
hali-invallds 1t will mako much
difference in the health of thou.
sands OF men at the front, and
also in the hospital list. Since Aug.
4, 1914, the dentists there have ni.do
for wounded soldiers who received
mouth wounds 100000 plates and sup.
piled parts of the mouth to another
100000.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12

~ ARRETT SERyISS. the astro-
I v nomical writer. in conjunction
with Thomas Edison. several
years ago. produced story In which
some Of the characters In an alrship
had the wonderful craft stand still
while the earth revo!ved beneath It,
go that all that was necessary, II
bound for certain country, was to
wait until that particular part OF the
earth came around, aud then drop
down upon It. These men had the
extremely rare privilege OF seeing the
world revolve. But one may witness
It without going up to a great hypo.
thetical height. In fact. one may
observe It in his own humble home.
close to the earth, provided he Is
supplied with the apparatus.
1t was in 1851 that Leon Foucault
ocularly demonstrated, in show.
me" fashion. that the earth rotates.
The occasion was one of historical in.
terest. Foucault sent out Invitations
which were worded:
You are invited to witness tie
earth revolve In the southern hall of
the Paris Observatory tomorrow at
$3.50"
Since that invitation was extended
the experiment has been repeated
many times. 1t has been described
in the Scientific American whenever
Il was performed on scale at all
commensurate with that inaugurated
by Foucault himself. Thus. some
years ago Prof. forbes of Columbia
University showed how the earth re.
volyed in st. Paui's Chapel of Column.
bia University.
Recently Prof. II. H. Turner OF OK.
ford University repeated the expert.
ment during the course o. some juve-
nile lectures which ne delivered at
the Royal Institution. The Royal In.
stitution is so important an organ.
ization, and Prof. H. II. Turner 50
well known an astronomer. that nat
urally his lecture attracted not a
little attention in the public press.
Since the subject mas thus once more
been brought to attention Il may not
be amiss TO set forth the principles
Of the experiment again.
Foucault suggested that q pendu
lum SO suspended as to be free &c
swing in any vertical plane would
ocularly demonstrate the earth's rota
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12
How WAR Is HELPING
the Science Of DENTISTRY

THE war has opened up q new
line OF dentistry and given a
= new calling to the profession. "
said the director OF one of the great
dental colleges of Paris. Formerly
dentistry embraced bridge work.
plates. pivots. screws, filings and SO
forth. Now it takes in the entire
oven OF the mouth. We are working
en- things unthought of and as in sur
gerry for other parts OF the anatomy
that of the mouth will be OF untold
benefit to hand down to generations
who will benefit by the horrors II
this war"
Like all the public institutions
turned over in one way or another
for war work. this is one of the most
noted in France, and dentists all over
the country arc giving their services
there. The school closed when war
was declared. reopencd few days
later. for the doctors suspected that
there would be labor FOR them. Tho
establishment does not house any
soldiers. for their large number OF
patients leaves no room for that, but
soldiers are carried or go there from
all parts of the city and several hun
dred day are treated.
Cases which the doctors named "iu.
teresting' were those where part OF
the face or chin had heen carried
away and in all instances the contour
If the face had been lost completely.
The dentists are now building gums,
supplying Jaw bones, experimenting
roofs to the mouths. The facia!
wounds of the soldiers are terrible.
but, thanks TO surgical skill, the
mouths and faces are being great
" benefited. There is transfu-
sion here and shaving of flesh
there. A brace is put in one
check and flesh is taken of the
other. All these treatments and In.
ventions will make life agreeable for
the soldier who received shrapnel or
a shot in the mouth-which might
not be the case otherwise.
Ono interesting feature Of the
school Is that of making sets OF teeth
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12
PIGEONS as CARRIERS
nlGEoNs, as commonplace as
tbav ANNEX.

nlGEoNS, as commonplace az
they appear. are characters o,
= antiquity. Dove is the Anglo.
Saxon name; pigeon. the Norman
name.
During the fifth Egyptian dynasty.
5000 years before Christ, 1t was the
fashion to domesticate pigeons and
to train them as carriers and mes.
sengers. The promptness with which
Caesar was informed of the rebellion
in Gaul, and thereby enabled to cross
the Alps before those uprising could
possess the entire province, was due
to the use Of carrier pigeons. In the
Crdsades, these birds were skilfuI
and faithful messengers.
The price OF o handsome pair NJ
pigeons in ancient Rome was not a
trife. for Axlus, a Roman knight
once sold pair of pigeons for 40 de.
narii-about SIS in English money.
At that time, too, they were by far
the swiftest conveyancers of news
and were much In demand at tho eel.
ebration of the Olympic games.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12

found TO be "azotobacter": and they
are the giants among the producers
-super.hacteria of heneficent kind.
First 1t was tried to feed the soil on
solutions Of these: but, after all.
liquids were not their natural home.
Soil was the place where they could
do their work best. Was 1t possible
To find cheap and eligible home for
them? 1t has proved SO. Con.
verted peat has proved the place for
them. Prof. Bottomley had found n
way OF converting useless peat moss.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12

duces impairment of vision, pains
in the limbs and a queer sensa-
ton like the creeping of ants on
the body.
carbonic aid gas. another trade
danger. not only affects tho we'll
digger and miner. but is held re.
Fponsible 'lr anaemia and the disa-
bilitics often affecting brewers. wine
makers, yenstmakers and others
who inhale 1t In the process of fer
mentation necessary to similar
trades.
Among the employees OF the grind.
Ing and polishing departments of
the cutlery aad tool industry there
is form OF illness known as grind.
crs' asthma and grinders rot. to
which is due nigh rate of mortality
from pulmonary troubles. Stonecut.
tcrs and som polishers also suffer
from similar diseases. What is
termed green sweat" duo to The
use of bronze powders. afclicts en-.
ployes of lithographing establish.
ments.
Painters and others who work with
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12
One of the Nitrogen-Fixing
Bacilli Greatly Magnified.

by means of soil bacteria, into the
black crumbly stuff of which we have
spoken and which contains 60 times
as much soluble ''humus" as the best
old manure and this has proved the
"azotobacter's" ideal home.
In this laboratory at Kings College
Prof. Bottomley held up the whole
process in his two hands. In one was
the bacterised peat, black and crum.
bly, and brought to its valuable state
by successive and careful appllca-
tons OF bacteria. 1t is then steri.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12

THERE arc few. II any. OF the
varied occupations that. owing
to the necessity of continual
contact with substances or condi.
lions, may be called healthful. Some
are less conducive in producing
what are known as "trzde diseases"
than others. However. II seems that
there is hardly any form of human
activity relating to the complex
processes of manufacture. indoors
especially. that is free from causing
some form OF illness.
At least three-fourths OF the new
employees in brass foundries are sub
:ect to attacks of founders ague.
which is produced by the inhalation
Of metallic dust and vapors of zinc
and copper. The symptoms are usu-
ally pain in the back. general lassi.
tude. followed by chill. after which
the pulse often leaps to 100: n tor.
menting cough. soreness in the chest
and headache. After q few hours
the patient breaks into n profuse
perspiration. which marks the disap.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12

least discerning eye showed an abun
dance OF ''humus." that essence of
soil. rich in nitrates. potash. phos-
plates and other plant food bodies.
That 10 the essence OF the new
plant food. What is the essence OF
Prof. Bromley's method? 1t arose
out of the study OF the part which
the bacteria of tho soil play In alb
sorbing the FREQ nitrogen OF the air
and turning 1t into nitrogen.com-
pounds for the plant to feed on. The
most important group of these were
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12
Used in Conjunction with
Bacillus Radicicola.

lied before the process goes too far.
In the other hand was q glass flask.
filled with a turbid liquid. That was
a colony of "azotobacter." countless
millions Of them, no doubt. A tea
spoonful Of this liquid poured into a
cistern of water produces liquid for
watering tho "peat-humus.' With
the two the grower has soil and
method enabling him to grow a
hundredweight Of potatoes In win
dow box. Applied on a large scale
the possibilities are illimitable.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-12-12
A shell Weighing about 20 pounds
explodes into n shower of as high
rs 1900 pieces.

The University rress at oxford
has appliances for printing in $50
languages.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-12-15
Turtle Captures Hawk.

The fable of the bare and the tor
toise is surpassed by the feat of a
land turtle at York Springs, near Han
over, which captured a hawk. The
story is related by Miss Mabel Griest,
who killed the hawk.
Miss Griest was walking through
field. when she noticed bird in the
grass frantically beating its wings. Ap-
preaching she found it to he hawk
with one leg securely caught between
the jaws of turtle Though struck
violently by the hawks wings, the
turtle held on until the girl struck
the prisoner blow with a stick. kill
ing il.
How the swiftest of birds was
caught by its sluggish adversary is a
mystery. TIE only plausible explana-
tion is that the hawk must have
alighted close to the turtle and been
caught by its powerful jaws.-York
(Pa.) Dispatch to Philadelphia Record.