davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-04-11

Of a victim. = The director informs
him what his trouble is and he
3thereupon attempts to reproduce
the condition of IL man In tho pliEh
described. s5
III In accordanee with their policy
OF adoptinE any effective device, the
anthracite companies not long ago
began to install a new life saving
apparatus. IL is a German fnven-
ton. helmet, aud its function LIS to
keep the man who wears 1t SUP
plied With pure air While he fights
fires or Tescues comrades. Tho first
test took place in one az the mines
near Scranton. where about thirty
officials of the companies gathered
To witness it,
he chief partof the apparatus il
carried upon the back: it includes
cylinder tanks of oxygen, and pot
ash cartridges for absorbing car
honic acid gas e1halcd from the
lungs. The oxygen contained in the
cylinder issues to the helmet. which
completely covers the mans face.
Tie exhaled air at the same time is
purified by passing through the pot
ash cartridges. and is used over
again In conjunction with the fresh
LAY Lllk3 lE
paratus will supply cir to the wear
er for two hours without replenish-s
ing.
After all, the elaborate measures
taken to protect the men cannot be
thoroughly effective unless tho men
are reasonably carful Of their own
lives. Statistics gathered with AZ
much caro- by the state officials
show that the employees arc not
careful. In former years the mine
workers were English, Scotch. Irish,
Welsh and Germans; they wero In
telligent and many OF them had had
experience in mining in Europe.
Now they have been largely sup
planted by immigrants from south
8ern and eastern Europe. without
education or training.
1t became evident several years
ago that. to teach these men 10
protect themselves, the operators
would have to begin at the bottom.
Education was the only solution.
True. it did not promise any sensa-
ttonal Immediate results, but tt
would lay a firm foundation for fin
ture Improvement. Even in the few
years that have elapsed since the
plans of education were first sug-
gested and adopted the good results
have been easily visible
Since the first step was taken in
this direction, the progress has been
really remarkable. Every mine.
worker. no matter how humble his
position. has the opportunity to i'm
prove himself. There are thousands
who have the ambition but not the
resources to go through coll ege, and
now they have a good substitute for
college. IL they SO desire they can
begin by studying the English
language before attempting any
thing furth err. EN- ;s
Nothing in the HhogTam OF one Of
these mining schools is regarded as
SO important as the rules and regu-
lations OF safety. From the opening
day OF the session the mine worker
is Impressed with the Importance Of
protecting himself and his fellows
The fundamental causes OF most ac-
cidents are ignorance and careless
ness. At the mine schools ignorance
can be removed. and carelessne
though 1t can never be- abolished, ],
can be powerfully discouraged.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-04-11

only after much study and practical
experience The currents OF air:
must be circulated through every
working place in the entire mine In
sufficient quantities to dilute dan
serous gases. Not only IS this trne
of places where en- are Mt work,
but lit is requir ed that abandoned or
worked out parts Of a mine shall
be kept free OF dangerous bodies Of
gases.
One of the principal engineering
difficulties is the separation Of air
passages so that the currents Will
always flow smoothly and never run
counter to one another Every mine
where more than seventy men are
employed must be divided into dis
tricts. Each district has a separate
split Of pure air. The return air
lars of coal or stone, except where
extraordinary condi tons make con
nections necessary.
One complication is the rule linz
itinS the velocity Of currents While
the air must keep moving all the.
time In order for every worker to
get his quota, in gaseous mines the
velocity must not exceed 400 feet q
minute past working chambers.
An illust ration OF the require
ments IN the way OF ventilation is
afforded at co1liery in the neigh
borhood Of Pittston, Pa. Here there
is a big fan twenty our feet in dt-5
ameter and six feet broad which
sends $50 900 Gu bic feet OF air down
into the mines every minute. Sup
Elementary to this lis another fan
with 4 capacity of 20 900 cubic feet
4 minute. This makes q. total OF
900 cubic teet--a far greater
GUAM ity than the law quires. This
liz typical Of conditions In other
collicries through tout the region
The records show hat the provision
against gas exp1 osion in anthracite
mines IS nearly perfect, for there
are rarely any accid O. this ma IA
ture. N n. y is8
The cond itions viii have so In
creased the requirements for Yenti-:
latinr equipment have made neceE-
sary the expenditure Of many mill
lions OF dollars for drainage. Tun-i
y r4sis are driven several hundred feet
underground to take the water from
the coal measure to lower levels,
and pumps are kept in operation
& twenty-four hours a day to send the.
accumulated water to the surface.
IN many q mine twenty-five or
thirty tons of Water are pumped ont
! for every ton Of coal mined.
Although every precaution isi
taken TO prevent mine fires, the
! companies do not neglect to equip:
themselves Tor hand ding these nreE.
Every mine has ire system ana
squads of men trained to know just
what to- do when an alarm sounds.
An advantage which makes the dan.
ger Of death In fires cotnpafatiHe1y
small Is the practices OF h&TtnEsm
than one opening for evnfy
Thus. the exits 10 which The men
can heesin safety are. not ltInitedtps
one. There III small n ell pt thsir
being 81 n trap
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-04-11

An enemy OF Are which has been
introduced In recent wears in the
anthracite fields. is the Chemical
engine. 1t is mounted upon a truck
provided with wheels which enable
it TO run upon racks. AS these
tracks vary widely in gauge. the
truck Is SO constructed that tho
wheels can be moved to fit a thirty
sfx-inch. q forty-inch, or any other
width Of track.
When the exiting uishinE apparatus
has reached the scene OF danger. the
chemicals in the tank are released
and directed against the surface OF
the fire. Ordinary water played up
on coal mine fire is almost in
stantly converted into steam, and
this. disintegrating further. forms
a gas SO suffocatinS that it drives
away the men. When chemicals are
applied. however. the heavy gases
+ Involved cling to the floor and
smether the blaze BY excluding the
air. II
An Institution in which the an
thracite companies have done pion-
Ger work Is the first aid to the in
iured. a few years ago one ct the:
companies commissioneda physician
to organize first-aid corps. and
soon afterWard the other companies
adopted the idea. Now the anthra-
cite hrst-aid corps are serving as
country Recently, the Society OF
the Red Cross, as It's first step in
the campaign to establish the sYs-
TEN in the bituminous mines. APP
piled to the anthracite companies
for information Not only was this
readily given to the society, but.
demonstrations were held for the.
particular benefit of the Red Cross
officials.
The instruction and equipment for
the hrst-aid work are supplied by
the mining company. IA corps is
formed by volunteers from the EN-
p1oyes. IN the beginning they re-
ceive lessons from the physician in
charge and then proceed to render
themselves efficient by continual.
practice.
At the bottom Of each mine shaft
is a sort of emergency hospital.
Here are kept splints and bandages.,
At the news Of an injury the mem
hers Of the corps run to the hospital
and start. off with stretehers and
splints to the relief of the victim.
Il Ills ln1ur1es are treated according to
approved frst-aid- to-the-injured
methods. When he is properly
bandaged the men put him on a
stretcher and carry him to the cage,
At the top Of the shaft a company
ambulance takes him to the nearest
hospital or to his home. 4 IT,
Greatseare is taken that the .tmfn-
er Doctors do not oYersten the
proper bounds OF first-aid work.
They are not allowed to administer
any medicines or stimulants, with
the occasional exception OF strong
black coffee. They must not give an
injured man n hisky under any cir
cumstances.
Periodical frst-aid drills are held
by the different companies. and
these tend to keep up the interest
Of the corps. Each colliery is rep
resented BY a team. and the teams
compete with one another-some-
times for prizes. sometimes merely.
for the honor and satisfaction Of
victory. On these occasions some
mine worker. not engaged in the
contest. consents to play the part
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-04-11

Disasters In soft coal mines, In
the last three or four years. caused
hundreds of men to lose their lives.
The rapid succession Of these dis
Asters aroused public interest to
such an extent that con gress, at its
last session, created a bureau OF
mines The principal purpose of
this bureau is to bring about such
Improvements in mining conditions
and mining practice as will tend to
decrease the risk of death and i'm
Jury a director has been appoint
ED. and under him are a corps OF
assistants ready to attack the big
= problem.
The first step has been to investi-
\ gate the methods most successful i'll
Europe and America; and nothing
Y has proved more useful to the gov
ernment experts than the study OF
what has been done, for safeguard
ing life. in the anthracite mines
the hard coal mincs--of northeast
ern Pennsylvania. There. where
the entire anthracite production of
the United States is concentrated.
the protective measures have de-
veloped steadily for century into
the elaborate system OF today. Ven
tilation, inspection, tho strength Of
HOSTS, the operation or the under
t ground railroads, rescue apparatus.
Observation-Disclosures corps all
the elements entering into the prob
81 lem have received the attention OF
3 The mining officials. The object has
been to perfect each link in the.
chain.
And he end is not vet. All min
ing men are aware that the protcc-
ton OF miners lives is not an exact
\ science There is always the pos
zsibility OF some Improvement, ana
At lis the part Of an up-to-date man.
agement to keep abreast OF the
times. This is what The anthracite
mining companies seek to do The
officials Investigate every device
that promises TO diminish the dan
q gers underground, and the devices
that "naks good are adopted. An
illustration OF this lis the recent in
stallation, at several OF The mining
centers, OF rescue helmets invent
ed by q German named DraeEer.
the early days Of anthracite
q mining there was no necessity for
the protective measures now taken.
t first the coal was scraped of the
surface of the ground or else dug
n,it 81 open pits. MI AZ was not many
Years. bow ever fore the, supply OF
fuel alma BY these simple
Il methods was no Ionge adequats.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-04-11

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The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-04-11

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The Mount Holly news. [volume] (Mount Holly, Burlington Co., N.J.) 1891-1942, 1915-02-16
REMINDER OF ROMAN GLcRY
Old French Village Reveals Thorough
ness Of the one-Time Rulers
of the World.

A few miles north of Marseiiles, and
within easy walk of the tram to AK
en-Provence, lies a typical P~rovencal
village that tourists usually miss,
writes a correspondent of the Wide
World Magazine. 1t was founded by
the Romans during their occupation
of the south of France, and is built
in accordance with the custom Of that
cine. The houses appear to be
perched on top OF each other, but on
closer inspection are found to be built
on Lodges On a hillside. This hill is
the most interesting feature of the
place. What appears as a solitary
crag is in reality a castle, the rooms,
Notifications, etc., being cut out Of
the solid rock and forming a fortress
practically ~impregnable in those days.
At the side Of the castle is a round
tower, about forty feet in height and
seven feet in diameter. The interior
of this tower acted as the wireless
station" in Roman times. 1t consisted
OF a series of pigeon lofts, from which
the birds, bearing messages, were sent
direct to Rome. The whole of the in
terror was constructed of a very hard
cement, which, with the wear of ages,
is now slowly decaying, and only one
perfect loft now remains. There
was accommodation for about two
hundred and fifty pairs of birds, to-
gether with an abundant water and
grain supply, the attendants being
Quartered in the castle.
The Mount Holly news. [volume] (Mount Holly, Burlington Co., N.J.) 1891-1942, 1915-02-16
ESTABLISHED 1875

fought it back for all she was WORTH
After dinner they crouched over the
cheerful oil stove and stretched out
their hands to the blaze.
Dora" said her husband, rather
shamefacedly, Il had lunch with
Griggson today in his new apartment
on Riverside drive. He has the cutest
little place imaginable and no trouble
with the things that bother us-heat-
ing and lighting. He laughed at me
for a country jay. Naturally he doesn't
understand. If he could come home
and see you under the honeysuckle-"
1T will be fine when it blooms,
won't it, dear?'
And the clematis has positively
grown. | measured it yesterday, and
1t is an inch longer than when we set
1t in. Well, as l was saying, those
poor city fellows don't know what
life means. They think it consists
of going to theaters-"
Eyes, and having lobster suppera
afterward," said Dora Raleigh scorn-
fully.
and taking taxicabs and seeing the
cheerful mean cherries lights Of
the city. And having a lot of noisy
people round in the evenings instead
Of enjoying the calm and quiet of the
country"
"And-and going out to supper
when they feel like it, and-and see
ing the picture galleries, and the park,
and-and musical evenings" said
Dora, Historically.
And not having to run for trains In
the morning" her husband continued.
They don't get the benefit of the
fresh country air. They don't half
live. What with their entertainments
and late hours and friends always
dropping in and"
Henry! Don't!" screamed Mrs.
Dora Raleigh, bursting into hystericaI
tears.
Dearest! What is it?" demanded
her husband. holding her in his arms,
while a wild light of i%ncredulous hope
came into his eyes.
Il tried not to-tell you, but l just
nate the OLD country SODDed Dora
Raleigh. "I-want-to-get-back to
town! Therel"
so do l, Dora" whispered her hus-
band into her a 81 only cana hero
to please YOU"
ITO please me, Henry? Why. 1
came here to please you.
Il bet you don't hate IL as much
as ! do" answered Henry Raleigh.
why, I'm just pining for a lobster
supper now"
We'll, we'll have one when this
month is up" answered Dora.
mo we won't" shouted her hus-
band. :" mean, yes we will, but
listen, Doral-we'n have one in town
tonight also"
The Mount Holly news. [volume] (Mount Holly, Burlington Co., N.J.) 1891-1942, 1915-02-16
AND PLAIN IS THE MORAL
Choose Your Friends Wisely, or the
Consequences May Be More Than
Painful.

A mar quarreled with his friend. Il
have been much deceived in you" said
the man.
And the friend made a face at him
and went away.
A little after, they both died and
anne together before the great jus.
tice Of the peace. 1t began to look
black for the friend, but the man for
q while had a clear character and
was getting into good spirits.
Il find here some records of a quar-.
REL" said the justice, looking in his
notes. Which of you was in the
wrong?"
He was" said the man. HE spoke
i'll of me behind my back"
Did he SOL" said the justice. "And
pray how did he speak about your
neighbors?"
"Oh. he had always a nasty tongue
said the man.
And you chose him for your
friend" cried the justice. MY good
fellow, we have no use here for
fools"
So the man was cast in the pit, and
the friend laughed out aloud in the
dark and remained to be tried on 9th
er charges.-From the Fables of Rob-
ert Louis Stevenson.
The Mount Holly news. [volume] (Mount Holly, Burlington Co., N.J.) 1891-1942, 1915-02-16

ed. but if you buy 1t, you can gel
good value out of 1t yet"
AS the two men turned in at the
gate, the stranger pointed to the
ground.
Look" he calculated. Some mer
have been here recently-since tht
snow stopped"
The other glanced at the tracks.
Somebody taking refuge from tht
storm, ! guess" he answered care
lessly, as he fo!iowed the footprints
up the path 10 tie pore
"Hallo!" he continued. Here's IN
other set Of tracks-a woman's. too
judging from their size and shape. She
seems to Lave come out of the house
to meet IT, nan and to have helped
him in. WI can she have been?''
Somebody staying in the hoase?'
suggested the Cher.
The agent shook his head.
"Nobody's got a right to be here
he answered. He stepped back ant
stared at the house.
Il don't like IT." he went on. Gus
wait a minute"
Turning away, he made a complete
circuit round the building and came
back to his companion. They are
here yet, whoever they are!" he de
clared. There are no tracks leading
away anywhere. Gomez Let's go ini'
The door swung open to a touch.
The sun, streaming through broker
panes and cobwebbed windows, threw
a light, dim indeed, yet strong enough
to show something that lay cold an6
still upon the floor beside the swept
and empty fireplace.
The would-be purchaser looked
down spityingly.
Here's a man-poor devil" he re
marked. Nov. where's the woman?'
But they never found her!
The Mount Holly news. [volume] (Mount Holly, Burlington Co., N.J.) 1891-1942, 1915-02-16
MARTYRS OF SUBURBIA
BY FRANK FlLsoN.

Copyright. 1914. by W. G. Chapman.)
Young Mrs. Raleigh cast a furtive
look after her husband as he disap-
peared at a run round the corner of
the lane. Then she sank down into a
chair and had a good cry.
They had been married a month,
and we're in full possession of their
suburban home.
when we are married, dear, we will
live in the country" her husband had
said to her. No noisy, grimy city
streets for u.s."
Eyes, DEAR" Dora had answered.
And we will have chickens and rose
trees
OF course, it was possible to procure
help from town-not locally, since all
the girls drifted into the factory, five
miles away, by the screech of whose
whistle the Raleighs set their watches.
But maids would not stay; they gem
orally set down their bags, shifted,
and took their departure. So young
Mrs. Raleigh did her W cooking and
sweeping.
The chickens died of the pip, ex-
cept three, which died of the gapes,
and one, a rooster, which Dora had
subsequently seen in the backyard OF
Henry Foulkes, the colored man who
tried to make the vegetables grow.
The electric light bill was twice as
high as they had calculated, and gas
seemed to cost a dollar a cubic foot.
No wonder Mrs. Raleigh had a good
cry before she started seeding the grit
out Of the local grocer's seeded
raisins!
The hardest thing was to put on an
expression Of c~heerfulness when Henry
came home. That night she dried her
eyes and practiced a welcome smile
until she could do no better. Then
she sat under the ~honeysuckle with
her garden hat on, which was the way
her husband liked to see her.
When at last she saw him coming
up the lane she was surprised at his
detected look. And there was no doubt
about it-Henry positively sloucbedl
The minute he came within a stones
throw of the front door the SLOUGH dis
appeared. He appeared spry and
springy. He positively reeked with
enthusiasm.
"And how have things been going,
d~earest?" he inquired.
Finely, dearest" answered Mrs. Ra-
leigh. There is a chance of getting
a maid next week, too. Uncle John
writes from New York that he is
thinking Of sending his wife's maid
into the country to regain her
strength. She has been somewhat run
down, you know. Only there's some
thing wrong with the furnace, dear.
1t'won't draw any more"
1T never did draw" said her hus-
band, r%uefully. 81 guess it's the coal"
so l had to get a cold supper" his
wife concluded.
They ate their dinner in silence. An
evil thought was growing rapidly in
side Mrs. Dora's pretty head and she
The Mount Holly news. [volume] (Mount Holly, Burlington Co., N.J.) 1891-1942, 1915-02-16
A Historic sapon

Mons, which henceforth Is en-
shrined in British hearts, has long
been q household word for Scotsmen.
Every boy insists on IN excursion to
Edinburgh castle to e Mons Meg.
For Meg was made In Flanders, and
did much havoc at the siege Of Scot
fish castles as well as in wars Of ad-
venture into England. Partly Of wood
and partly Of iron. the great gun was
put together late in the fifteenth CEN
fury. Cromwell captured 1t and listed
it as the great iron murderer. Meg"
While firing q salute for the duke of
York. in 1852, Meg burst. A century
later 1t was banished from Edinburgh
to the Tower of London as a useless
gun: but Sir Walter Scott saw ro-
nance and patriotism in Mons Meg.
and persuaded the war office to send 1t
back to the castle.-London Chronicle.
The Mount Holly news. [volume] (Mount Holly, Burlington Co., N.J.) 1891-1942, 1915-02-16
PosTERITYs DEBT 70 TINKER
itInerant Member Furnished Theme for
One Of Wasner's Greatest
Compositions.

A tinker has established himself op-
posite our house and stunned my ears
all day long with his ~incessant ham
mering. In my disgust at being
able to find a detached house protect
ed from every kind of noise. / was on
the point of deciding to give up COM
posing altogether until the time when
this indispensable condition should be
fulfilled.
But 1t was precisely my rage over
the tinker that, in a moment OF agi-
tation, gave me the theme for Sieg-
fried's furious outburst against the
bungling Mime. / played i've the
childishly quarrelsome Potter theme
in G minor to my sister, ~furiously
singing the words at the same time,
which made us all laugh so much that
l decided to make one more effort.
This resulted in my writing down a
good part of the first scene by the
time List arrived, October IL 1856.
Richard Wagner. in his A~utobiogra-
ply.
The Mount Holly news. [volume] (Mount Holly, Burlington Co., N.J.) 1891-1942, 1915-02-16
Market for EVERYTHING.

as there such a thing as second
hand brass band Instruments? Why,
certainly" said a musical instrument
man. why shouldn't there be? You
car buy secondhand yachts, pianos,
steam boilers, bricks, secondhand any
thing on earth; why not secondhand
band instruments? How do they come
to be offered secondhand? Why, just
as anything else does. Somebody gives
up using an instrument and then he
sells it; or somebody wants to buy a
better instrument and then he sells
the old one. And for all these second
hand instruments there is a market.
They may be sold to beginners or to
players, and such a thing has been
heard of a new band equipping itself
throughout with secondhand instru-
ments for the sake of economy"