davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Rice belt journal. (Welsh, Calcasieu Parish, La.) 1900-19??, 1915-07-23
FOR DELEGATE TO THE

CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION
To the People of jefferson
Davis Parish:
This will announce my candidacy as
a delegate to the coming Constitution.
al Convention in the coming election,
subject to the action of the democratic
primary.
j. o. MODISETTE.
Jennings, La, June Is, 1915.
The Rice belt journal. (Welsh, Calcasieu Parish, La.) 1900-19??, 1915-07-23

Mrs. A. E. Louviere and her sister,,
law Miss Ozelee Louviere and Mrs /,
Norris who have been in the Sanitarrr
in Lake Charles returned to Weld
Wednesday and are getting along M
and we'll on the road to recovery,
The Rice belt journal. (Welsh, Calcasieu Parish, La.) 1900-19??, 1915-07-23
FOR DELEGATE TO THE

FOR DELEGATE TO THE
CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION
Believing in democratic principles
| hereby announce myself as a candi.
date to the Constitutional Convention
IN the coming election, subject to the
action of the Democratic Primary on
July 9th, 1915.
S. A. PENNINGTON.
Elton, La, June II, 1915.
The Rice belt journal. (Welsh, Calcasieu Parish, La.) 1900-19??, 1915-07-23
Beauty More Than Skin Deem

= A beautiful woman always has good
question, If your digestion is faulty.
Cnamberlain's Tablets will do Won
good. obtainable everywhere.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1915-05-09

Lore. s-,d,s .nid for less Fancy soods eo7-
EGGs-Tre.a. Ir dca. rsa; Southern. p-r
dnz.. -
EGGs-Fr--s. Per aoa. i'.,si; Southern. -,
doL. Is.
BCTTER-Bcs prints ne-. TT n. =: tuh. pr
H. i; rruce1 pT h. sas: uid1 Gsde.
e-e.nery, per D. Gao: storepsesed per h. IaaA
LARD-Tuk pure. PEI H.. nts':; &C.. con
rosl. =. r.r r. 81 Cot onyte~d oil, per can. So
CHEEsE-New York. new, pr ID. ID: Cat. per
n. y. S~iss domestic, per h. q: do, foreign
per -. =
LIVE PoCLTRY-Hers. per n. Is; -rcstes.
pr h.. NaI: esehs. pr H.. IaI3; turteys chocR.
ne; H.. Balls; d.. ordnlry. -: chickrns. Ter h.
cSf5; sysinS chicsens per pound. %.
GREEN GOODS-Asrsrarls, per dozen huncheA
nearby. 5oai.oe: S,uthern. LSa2on beans. Isr hss,
.msss5: lima beans. per has. s.oose6: bets. per
bunch, Sal; do. ner Fla. per crate, L15ssS; cab
oase. ner per crate l0sSe carrots per bunch M:
csuIi6c-er. per \ crate lsoacl5; do. Fla. hAs.
soasS: celery dS,1, ss.s: do. crate. l3siso; On
eunhers. hot-hou-c. per doz. 5sI3; d. ia.
rsr BASKET. 1oosLS. cymbiine. per crate. s@a
10. -sSgplant. pr case. cWa3.o: Hale. Ter
barrel. 7saiW: iettuce. F1orida. Per basket,
l3a2@: dAN South Caruiina. per basket.
Salso; Onions. Texas yellow. per crate. 90. do.
white. per crate LIS; new per 100 punches. leo;
okrs per crate. sSa5 90: peas. Fla. has. la1e; 20
tasocs Ncrthern per sacs. L5si5; do. per bushei.
Seass: new. per ,bbl. 80; ysns. PER Dbl. eJSa
| 80: yellow ssset potatoes. per hbl.. aoaaS; Yep
pts. pr seraie. .lsAia; r,disaes. hokhoose. pr
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1915-05-09

~. lasc@: rhah.rb Ter ip eunch-s s,,, 20
sEsnach. Ter hs.. ises.@: tomatoes. Florida, ri
crate gsssa
fRCfIs-Arp-a PEI hA.. 9Sss0; r-,y~erufa
Ter box, .saln: rsre.. M.lar, w. - N
SS: .efnons psr boz. Sfss,N; sasA M IA
kH@: orsnses. California pr boz. iAssse: %
Fiosida, per hor. 5SsIo: pinesVy,e., p~r er,,e,
@RasS: stTaveerries Florida. per quart, .src,s
tsnsernes. per strap. sSsSA
LIVE sToCk-veal esi,ea pima ~ -
S:aN: d. medium per n. si.as; do, heavy
As; seins lambs, Per m. Ilsra Must b fat,
w IN. sa CO TecS. .l-syS. sRcs $500.
otherwise no. wau.ed1
Ear. STRAW AND coHN-rla,. best t..oths.
ess. pr ton. 1s: ssrsv. pef sna, fasoaI1 .: vseas
s-ss. per ton. so: neu err. p<r bol- a.
sEEps-Ciover. rcd. UT II. lsan: Aisike. HAS:
alfalfa tAmerican CROWN n.r m ts.rT. nd ton
soiied seed for herds grass FER ID. Nsi,: blue
sres. per bus. Sal .: timothy. per bus. ss5A3.S
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1915-05-09
PRICES HIT Low
MARK ON change
Market Receivers After Heavy
Selling-Tone Still
Nervous.
STEEL COMMON POPULAR
Banking Interests. for Some Days Out
of Activity. Back in the
Buying.
STEEL COMMON POPULAR

New York. May s.-Liquidation was
again in evidence at the opening or the
stock exchange today. Initial losses
ran from to 10 points in the more
active issues. There was considerable
nervousness throughout the market
but within few minutes heaNy buy
ing orders began to absorb offerings
and at the end of the first quarter OF
an hour IL became clear that a con-
crete bottom had been struck by
prices.
Banking interests who had been
conspicuously absent from recent
market activities were among the
largest purchasers and commission
houses had more buying orders than
they cared to I'LL. In fact, speculative
buying was very generally discour-
aged. In some cases houses refused TO
increase their lines until the market
Ias had a chance to become more sta
pie. The market became quieter and
prices improved generally. some ? TO
. points from the low figures. Losses
on the day were general. although
there was a distinct Improvement in
The tone.
Crop Report Ignored.
The return of J. r. Morgan will
probably be followed by announcement
giving details of contracts secured
during his trip abroad which may
nave a stimulating effect upon the war
-tocks. More attention will probably
he given TO the highly favorable gov
arnment crop report, the best showing
Tor winter wheat since May 1. 1901.
As the market factor this was ignored
entirely on Friday and hardly consider
cd today. Nervousness will undoubtedly
prevail for several days, and many specu-
lrtors recently active will be forced to
retire and nurse their financial wounds.
Liquida ton has been drastic: recovery
- probable and expected.
Steel Common Popular. ii
Steel common is coming back to its
rUn as !. speculative favorite. Fifteen
thousand shares changed hands in the
initial trading from 81 to So L. Dealings
were heavy as the price advanced TO
4 -. There was some irregularity just
reCore the close. but the general tone
was good.
Among the bargains offered today were
Il Paul at 90, Great Northern preferred
Il IIG, Southern Pacific at 81. and Union
aciRc at Us. All dividend payers are
more valuable because of
the fine showing made by the govern !
ment crop report.
Considering the violence of the re-
ccnt break. the selling out of stocks be- |
cause Of exhausted margin, was prob |
. bly, less than on any hull movement in !
-aIs. This was matter Of comment |
q mong the banking houses, who were |
lrprised that heavier offerings did not |
ppear from commission houses. Buy |
, - who did not raise their limits quick |
&, missed the low prices by two or three |
Joints.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1915-05-09
COMMERCE AND FINANCE

markets the rrovisioDs !ist lore- all around
ard r<tins sr-ots fer the day cip~. 10 the
lowest lerei. reached. Hnss al the Yards
S'CadT tp shade higher bEIt this failed help
the provision market sny extent. Cash sales
q lard again small. While tbose Of meats
were fairly liberal
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1915-05-09
SINKING OF LUSITANIA
DOESN'T AFFECT MARKET
Conditions in Business Improving and
New Government Deposits Will Aid
Banks. Say. Rudolph.
BY CUNo n. RUDOLPH.

President Second National Bank. )
written ENTaes~ly for The washinstou Aeraidl
While the sinking of the Lusitania
may have caused some depression on
the New York stock market, the ef-
feet was only temporary and not
noticeable outside of New York, l
believe. 1t was caused merely by the
shock OF the moment. g.
Business during the week was
good, especially retail trading. Mer-
chants report good sales and our de-
posts were better this week. Money
was easier, also. People are seeking
investments.
On the 18th the government will
put the tax installments on deposit in
the banks. That will give more
money for circulation.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1915-05-09

orchard srsss, p<r s,ssel. :msss; Maine src~a
srcd pusatoes PER n-prcA sseAs 10 IA 80. n;
COZ Peas. TIT hcshel asSasA
WOO. AND R1DE-wcl s,hsl ~ 4
brrrs. Ter n, .: wool unvaahed ~ N. .;
hs5sa, DRY. PER n. ioa,3. salt htdA an, pse n
lsas: sait hides. rr<a. p9 n. ~: eal1lkhA gsspa.
sseh. i0sl1
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1915-05-09
The Two Extremes.

HarGuppe Why 50 desponder;"''
Bludduh-"rh. cant seem Ia &c.
out OF debt" HaTduPpe That's
nothing. ! can't even set in."-Lifs.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1915-05-09
WASHINGTON PRODUCE.

Quotations given pelow for large lots Of sooA
narketable goods only. JobberS pricss ars hisAse.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1915-05-09
REPORT OF THE CONDITION
OF THE
Union Savings Bank,

At Washington, in the District Of CO.
lumbia, ut the close of business,
May 1, 1915.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1915-05-09
willard Abandon, rour

Minneapolis. May S-Champicu Jess
Willard has abandoned his tour because
OF its financial failure. The fighter viii,
join wild West show here Sunday.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1915-05-09
REPORT OF THE CONDITION
McLachlen Banking
CORPORATION,

At Wsshlsgtoa. q, the District Of CO.
lambda. at the close Of business,
Nay I, 1915.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1915-05-09

Other Financi.l on Page Fifteen.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1915-05-09
REPORT OF THE CONDITION
OF THE
Seventh Street Savings
Bank.

At Warrington. In the District Of Co
lumbia. at the close Of business,
May I, 1918. s 8
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1915-05-09
REPORT OF THE CONDITION
OF THE
Home Savings Bank,

At Washington, in the District Of CO.
1umbia. 1t the close Of business,
May I, 1915.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1915-05-09
REPORT OF THE CONDITION
OF THE
Franklin National Bank.

At Washington, I'm the District Of CO.
Iumbia, At the close of business,
May 1, 1918.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1915-05-09


District Of Columbia City Of Washington, IS. :
I. ". T. GALLIHER. President Of the above
named bank. do solemny swear that the above
statement is true. to the best Of my knowledge and
belief. W. T. GALLIHER, President.
Subscribed and to before me this It'll
day Of May, 1915
(sealJ W. HAYDEN COLLINS. Notary Public.
Correct-Attest:
W. T. GALLIHER,
J. c. WELDON,
JAMES B. HENDERSON,
BYRON wALLERsTEIN,
A. c. WEST.
Directora
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-04
Less Murder Now?
he Boston Transcript.

From the Boston Transcript
 It has been noticed by those who fol- low such matters in Berlin that since the outbreak of hostilities in the pres ent war there has been a remarkable and unmistakable decline in crimes that result in murder. Before then the aver age for the German capital was some thing like four murders per year, with robbery as the motive and about same for bloodshed with e sexual reason be- hind 1t. But taking the statistics for the first eight months of the war, no such murders appear at all. Various req sons have been adduced for this effect The one which lends itself most readily to the amateur crimnologist is that most of the murderously inclined individuals together with the rest of the able bodied manhood of the country, are at war. This theory, however, Is rejected by Kaspar Hausen in recent issue of the Berlin Gegenwart. According to this writer the murderous nature. with its rebellion against all restriction and discipline, is as little valuable in a military way as 1t is in social life Moreover, this leaves woman out of the recokning entirely Hauser insists that the sudden falling off in such deeds is due to the sobering effect of the war. This view of war as a passional purgative is not without it's irony; decline of murder in Berlin is dearly bought, after all, at the expense of Belgian atrocities.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-04
WEATHER FORECAST
 STEAD|ES MARKET
Early Advances of Cotton Prices Followed by
 Reaction

New York. August 3.-An early advance was followed by reactions in the cotton market today with the close steady at net gain of only to points.
 The market opened firm at an advance of 12 to IA points in response to relatively firm cables. while the failure of the weather map to show as much rain in the south as suggested by some of yesterdays late private reports, also seemed to in- spire some scattered covering. The bulk of the demand, however, appeared to como through houses with Liverpool conneo- tions, and was pretty well supplied around dation or realizing by recent buyers who evidently were disappointed that the gov ernmeht report had not inspired more aggressive buying movement.
 The western belt forecast for generally fair weather helped the tone of the mar ket, but the demand tapered off at the close abroad, and prices later turned cas- fer under liquidation by early buyers or renewal of local selling based on the detailed weather reports, which showed more rain than foreshadowed by the early map. and indicated that the drouth had been pretty well broken In South Carolina and Arkansas and that important sections had been relieved in Georgia, Alabama, North Carolina and parts of Texas. The selling did not be- come active enough to suggest any ma terial change in the spot situation or any general disposition to hedge new crop cotton. and after easing off to a net loss of point or two. the market steadied slightly in the late trading on covering, Private cables attributed the steadiness of Liverpool to covering and some trade calling, but the Liverpool buying here was generally attributed to the undoing of straddles rather than to hedge purchases against forward needs. or fresh opera tions for long account. Port receipts today, 2s74 bales; United States port stocks, 74S,52 Exports. Ss5S bales.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-04
Heavy Shipments of Ala bama Butter Which Sells Well Here-165 Pounds of Honey From Bessemer

Supplies of watermelons and other home grown produce continue to pour into Biz mingham from all directions, and dealers, both wholesale and retail, this season are meeting with good success in efforts to dispose of great quantities of provisions
 From all parts of the state reports come announcing record breaking fruit and pro- duce crops, and though prices now pre- vailing are necessarily rather low on ac- count of the heavy supplies available. re- ports are to the effect that the farmer and trucker in most instances receive req sonable remuneration for his labor
 Alabama butter is now meeting with a brisk demand on the Birmingham market. Among shipments received here yesterday by the V. W. Wood company were 60 pounds of butter from Geiger. 70 pounds from Centreville, 30 from Kellytown, to pounds from Montevallo and 1So pounds from Pulaski, Tenn.
 Montevallo is situated in an especially fine butter producing neighborhood, and shipments from this point each week reach large proportions. Centreville and Geiger are also good producers of dairy and poultry supplies.
 Among other receipts yesterday by this concern were 165 pounds of honey from J. M. Salter, rural route 5, Bessemer. This shipment Is said to be of exceptional quality. Shipments of honey are now being received from many sections of the state, consignments being especially heavy from the southern portion.
 Watermelon receipts for today are ex- pected to be exceedingly heavy, though the team tracks, are already full to overfiowing Six cars are expected by the Bell-Rodgers company and it is un- derstood that numerous other concerns will also receive large consignments
 Quotations for today are as follows:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-04

Native beef steers, s7.5oQ1o 15 yearlinf steers and heifers, sS.50@10: cows, se@S stockers, se@S25; Texas and Indian steers s6. .25@S S5 ;-cows and-heifers. s4065o; na. tive calves. SCOOPS.
 Sheep: Receipts, 5000; market steady mutton sheep, 4.5OQ5.5O; lambs ssas.5O bleating ewes, s5.50a7.25.
 Chicago, August 3.-Hogs: Receipts 5000; market weak. Bulk, s6. 6oa7.30 light S,20q7.90; mixed s6.45@7.SO heavy. s62o0 7.30 rough, $6.2O@6.35; pigs, s6.SoQ7.S0.
 Cattle: Receipts 200O; market firm Ma tive beef cattle. $6.25@1o.30; western steers s6 6s5Qs15; cows and hefers, s3.25Q9.25 calves, s7.5o611.25.
 Sheep: Receipts, 1000; market firm Sheep, SHOOT; lambs, S6S5d9.40 40
 Kansas City, August 3.-Hogs: Receipts 10000; market higher. Heavy, $85067. 15 packers and butchers, $7d7.45; light, $7.15Q 7.45; pigs, s6.75@7.
 Cattle: Receipts, 5000; market strong Prime fed steers, 8. .6o@10; dressed beet steers, $S.25d9.50.. southern steers, s6dS. 50 cows $450d72 25. heifers. $e. 75@9. 50; stock CTS. $6.5OqS. 25; bulls, s5.5oG7; calves, $6G 1925.
 Sheep: Receipts, 1900; market steady Lambs. $S.3o@9.1o; yearlings, s6.5od75o wethers, s625d7; ewes, $6as.75.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-04
WHEAT WEAKENS
 ON WEATHER REPORT
Black Rust Reports Offset Curtailment of Export
 Demand

Chicago, August S.-Curtailment of export demand finally proved more than an offset today for reports that wheat was again seriously threatened by black rust. The market closed un- settled, Is O &c under last night. Corn finished unchanged to Ac off, oats up ls@2ssc, and provisions down 5q27 lsc
 Constant wet weather over the win ter crop belt seemed to have put coun- try dealers in a position where they did not dare to sell wheat to arrive As a result, the outlook was that for sometime the bulk of the grain would have to be consigned. This fact, 1t was said, operated in turn to restrict de- eidedly the amount of foreign business as dealers would be obliged to have the grain in hand. the buying of fu- lures against sales to the seaboard having of late been unprofitable owing to the poor quality of shipments and to the premiums for contract grades
 Black rust reported to be spread ing fast near Fargo. N. D., caused wheat prices to bulge for awhile, but the effect had entirely worn off by midday. After that the tendency of the market was sharply downward, in- fluenced somewhat by warmer tenn peratores in the Canadian northwest where yesterday frost had occasional alarm. The hand to- mouth policy ot exporters left the market in the end at almost the lowest point of the day
 Corn at the last weakened with wheat. Previously, though corn had averaged moderately higher owing to a good shipping demand from the east and to the continued cool weather
 Oats ran up in value because of many complaints of sprouting shocks and of wet weather delays to cutting and threshing. Country offerings were exceptionally small.
 Larger warehouse stocks here than expected made the provision market heavy. Sentiment was rendered still more bearish by the prospect of a con tinued holding up of neutral shipments In the war zone
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-04
New York Cotton Futures
Port Cotton Market

New Orleans: Middling sesc; receipts SIS; exports, 1500; sales, 400; stock, 18S, ,592 Galveston; Middling, s.75c; receipts s07 exports. 2oS9; sales, 397; stock. 1OS, ,40s. Mobile; Mlddling. S.1sc, receipts, 33 stock, 12.496.
 Savannah: Middling, s.5ec; receipts 14s sales, 135; stock, 61sJ0.
 Charleston Receipts. 25; stock, 4s,27l. Wilmington: Receipts, 44s stock. a5, s9s Norfolk: Middling. s.5oc; receipts. 194 sales, 2S9; stock, 47,337.
 Baltimore; Stock. 3261.
 Boston Middlins, s.soc; exports, 151 stock, 14100.
 Philadelphia: Middling, s5oc; stock. s55 New York; Middling s.25c; sales, e5; stock, 245, ,994.
 Minor ports: Receipts, s17; exports 1893; stock. 37, ,6s2.
 Total today: Receipts, 359l; exports 52s3; stock, 749. 1855.
 Total for week: Receipts 14,24o; exports 3260S.
 Total for season: Receipts, e647; ex- ports. 52S3,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-04
STOCKS STIMULATED WAR SPEC|A[T|ES
Oil Shares Make Very Good Showing on Advance
 in Prices

New York. August 3-An advance of unusual breadth occurred today in the stock market and although quotations were below the days best at the close, net changes showed an upturn of good proportions spread well over the list. It could not be fairly said that the advances represented a decided change in specula- tive sentiment, nor that it was in re- sponse to any new development of weight. It apparently derived it's impetus from the same sort of speculation that brought about last weeks remarkable rise. Trad ing was heavy throughout the morning, but in the later hours the market be- came quiet.
 The making up of quotations began In the war specialties which were increased on the belief that heavy profit taking sales and the closing out of weak lines in these shares on their recent slump had strengthened their position The correct- ness of this view seemed to be v1nd1cateo by the rapid appreciation of quoted val ues during the morning. Bethlehem Steel was put up II points to 275, equalling Us high record. and in few other instances new top figures were reached, although no other stock approached Bethlehem Steel in extent of movement The display of strength made by the war stocks stim- ulated buying elsewhere and soon the whole market was rising. In the late re- action Bethlehem Steel fell back ' points and Crucible Steel 1. Total sales were 779, POO shares.
 Oil shares made particularly good showing on the advance in oil prices. Fer tilizers, motors and various other indus trials showed an increased demand, re- spending to optimistic trade reports. The breadth of the movement In the railroad stocks was one of the most significant de- velopments of the day reflecting the lm- proving exhibits of earnings. Net earn ings of the railroads of the country in June increased by about 15 per cent over the previous year. Union Pacific's gain In net revenue for June was s1S3,oo0. For the year ended June 30, Union Pacific, accord- ing to it's preliminary statement issued to- day, earned 10.9S per cent on the common stock, as compared with 1910 in the pre- ceding fiscal year. Net surplus was s6 626, 900, a decrease of $2, 704.000.
 Bonds were firm. International Mercan- tile Marine 41gs and Rock Island deben- lures were especially strong. Total sales (par value), s2,75o,0oo.
 United States bonds were unchanged on call.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-04

shorthanded. In the second place. not to mention the many difficulties in the way of securing the necessary raw materials at all. their price has ad- vanced to a figure unheard of. as have the prices of every kind of supplies and implements requisite in our work. such as eombustibles, mechanics wires, felts and similar articles Shipping. or course. to many ports. has been sus- pended and to those ports which are stlll reached. only enormously enhanced freight rates will assure shipment. We have had in the past A large market in the Levant: that is now entirely closed"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-04
RECORDS BROKEN IN COTTON SUPPLY Small Trading in the Cotton Market and Movement
 Was Slow

New Orleans, August 3.-while cotton made 10 point advance in the early trad ing today, 1t fell off later and closed at a net rise of only to 8 points. This was within points of the lowest. It was a session of small trading and except around the opening price, movements were slow. The initial bulge was in sympathy with the bullish showing of the Liverpool mar ket. After the selling had spent itself offerings increased as the result of reports of scattered showers over the belt. Pros poets of more rain prevented the demand increasing later in the day.
 Annual statistics announced today had their bullish and bearish features, but they exerted no influence on prices. The seasons consumption of 1413400O bales was larger than expected, but at the same time, the visible and invisible supply of 5,329, 900 bales broke all records.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-08-04
M'FARLAND AND MIKE
 GIBBONS TO FIGHT

Chicago. August s.-Packy Mcfarland of Chicago and Mike Gibbons of St. Paul today signed the articles for their battle at Brighton Beach. New York, September Il, The purse amounts to ss2.5oo and is said to break the record for a no-deeision match.
 The bout will mark McFarland's re- turn to the ring after an absence of two years. The weight IT pounds Is between the welter and middle limits; so no title IS involved.