davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1915-12-15
for Values up to $40

Choice l2inch Orange Bowls l4nch Ice Trays
Combination Cheese and Cracker Dhes Footed Combination
Punch Bowls 8nCh Fruit Bowls, 9nh Fruit Bowls II a.
inch Flower Vases 4pn Jugs Electric Lamps Fern Dishes with
ning Sugar and Cream Sets Compors, Mayonnase
cred Butter Cheese Dishes Water Bottles Decaners Perfume
Bottles, etc.
The Washington times., 1915-12-15
Mysterious Fire Destroys
Cork Intended for Allies

PHILADELPHIA. Dec 15-F'ire to-
day DESTROYED several thousand dollars
worth of cork goods. said to have been
intended for the allies. at the plant of
j. George Brueckmann & Son
Flremen. after hard fighting checked
the blaze. which threatened to destroy
the building. The origin Is a mystery.
The Washington times., 1915-12-15
Entertainment Tonight.

Gen. NJ. Emmet Urell Camp. No. Q.
United Spanish War Veterans will hold
its annual entertainment and ladies'
night at Pvthion Temple. l0l' Ninth
street, this evening. There Will be CAN
cling and refreshments.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of AgricultureD
A list OF questions on profitable
pigeon raising was sent by the poultry
specialists OF the United states de-
partment Of agriculture to pigeon
breeders throughout the United States.
and, among others. replies were re-
ceiyed from % large breeders who
kept from 300 to 1900 pigeons and
produced squads for market The rec
ords from these breeders are consid-
cred more applicable 10 the CONNER
cial production OF squads than the re-
plies which were received from breed
ers keeping only a few pigeons for
home use or pleasure. These large
breeders reported keeping the Homer
and Carneaux varieties almost exclu-
sively for squab raising, with a com.
paratively small number Of the Ora
COON. Maltese hen, and White King
mentioned. All except one breeder
kept their pigeons confined. The birds
were mated at from FIVE TO seven
months old. the average mating age
being 81 months.
Wheat, corn, kafr corn Canada
peas, millet, and hemp were the grains
most commonly fed, while a number
OF other grains including peanuts
grass seed. oats buckwheat. sunfiower
seed, rice, Egyptian corn. cowpeas
and milo maize were also used About
one-half OF the breeders reported the
use OF some kind OF green feed, in
cluding a wide range OF such mate
rial The use of rock salt was re
ported by one-half of the breeders
loose table salt by one-fourth, and ia
BILE salt baked into a hard lump by the
rest About l6 per cent used some ex
ira feed. such as millet or hemp seed
during the molting period, while sew
eral who did not use any special feet
for assisting the molt supplied these
grains in their regular rations. One
third used hoppers in feeding tn,
pigeons.
About one.half supplied tobacco
stems as the entire or for part Of thu
| nesting material and hay and straw
were commonly used, while other
used pine needles. cut pea vines, AM
alfalfa stems. One-half reported free
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
CASSEROLE A GOOD FRIEND
Especially Valuable In Its Usefulness
In the Making over Of Joints of
Preceding Days.

When the making over of cold
meats into warm dishes is in question
consider the casserole BY its use
even the smallest scraps of meat, veg
etables, sauces and gravies can be
used up. Not a spoonful of anything
edible need go TO waste.
When the Sunday joint Of roast beef
has been served hot and then cold
make a delicious lunch or supper Of
the remains II there is insufficient for
a dinner. In the bottom of the casse-
role put sliced potatoes. a carrot and a
couple of onions, small, chopped, and,
II on hand a few mushrooms. over
this pour the gravy left from the meat,
or, II this has been thrown away, add
water seasoned with pepper and salt.
Put on the cover and bake in a slow
fore serving lay the cold meat on top
of the vegetables. replace the cover,
and continue the baking.
Cold roast of lamb will prove a very
tasty dish cooked in a casserole with
peas. The peas placed in layers in
the casserole alternately with slices
of the lamb. The liquor in which the
peas were boiled is thickened and
poured over, the casserole being set in
| the oven until the meat has heated
! through. Served with mashed pota.
toes, an appetizing meal is the re
suit. When cold peas ar other vege
1 tables are on hand a white sauce can
be poured over, or any gravy that may
be available. The liquor from the
peas is not absolutely necessary
though it adds to the nutriment of the
| dish.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16

Runt and the common pigeon. A few
breeders separated the sexes during
the molting period: that is. during late
summer and early fall. Slightly more
than one.half allowed their pigeons
free range Barley. rye, sorghum seed,
and prepared mixed pigeon feeds were
additional feeds mentioned. Most
farmers who did not keep their pi.
geons confined fed only grains which
they raised, such as corn. wheat. and
oats. Twelve per cent mixed fine salt
with grit and oyster shell, and per
cent fed the salt dissolved in the
drinking water. Oyster shell and grit
were supplied by most breeders. A
few used special tonics during the
reported the use Of tobacco stems or
leaves. as against so per cent among
the larger breeders.
The diseases most frequently men
toned we're canker, going light, and
roup. The principal method OF treat.
ment was prevention; by keeping
everything clean, using disinfectants
freely, and killing sick or diseased
pigeons. Remedies mentioned for pre-
venting sickness were the use of kero-
senc oil, permanganate of potash.
lime, copper sulphate, carbolic acid,
sulphOnapthol, quassia chips, epson
salts, Venetian red, tincture OF gentian,
or tonic in the drinking water. Dry
sulphur and diluted peroxide of hydro
gen were used in treating canker, and
/ kerosene oil for roup. A few allowed
| diseased pigeons their freedom when
/ they had been kept confined About
| cne-fourth reported some loss from
/ rats, but most of the larger breeders
/ made their pens rat proof Losses
from hawks and cats were reported in
some cases where the pigeons were
| allowed their freedom
The average yearly profit from each
pair of breeders varied from 20 cents
to $3.50, and averaged S229. The
profit from breeders who sold stock
largely for breeding purposes varied
from $40 to $50 per pair. The average
yearly feed cost per pair varied from
40 cents to 81, and averaged sl.32
Ffty-five per cent sold squads for
market only, 33 per cent both for mar.
ket and as breeders, and ~ per cent
for breeders only. The number OF
squads marketed from each pair OF
breeders varied from to %, and av
eraged 1885, the weight per dozen
squads varied from 4 to Is pounds
and averaged 10.1 pounds Squads
were marketed at from to weeks
the average being AZ weeks. The av
nrage price for the year received pei
dozen squads varied from so cents tC
S6 and averaged 1901.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
STERILE EGGS ALWAYS BEST
There Are Other Requisites Than
freshness TO Real Good Egg
Three Prime Essentials.

1t comes as a surprise to a great
many consumers OF eggs to learn that
an absolutely fresh egg is not neces-
sarily a good egg and that on the
contrary il may be a very bad egg,
not fit TO grace the table as food.
For time out Of memory the prime
requisite OF an egg has been that 1t be
fresh. This has been emphasized by
dealers for years who get a premium
for eggs direct from the farm" But
while poultry culture has been max
ing progress in the last few years II
has been established that an egg is
not necessarily good Just because it
happens to be fresh. Poultrymen who
have made scientific study of their
business now are endeavoring to i'm
press upon the public that there are
other requisites than freshness to a
real good egg.
There are three prime requisites TO
an egg that can go to the table un'
questioned and unchallenged. 1t must
be sterile, sanitary and fresh.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
PUSHING SWINE FROM START
Interesting Data Gathered by Dean Of
Wisconsin Station - Keep All
Young Animals Growing.

Young animals make more pounds
Of gain from their food than when old
or. Dean Henry OF Wisconsin gath
cred lot of data on this. and found
that 3s-pound pigs required 2s3 pounds
OF feed TO make 100 pounds OF
gain, 7S-pound pigs required 400
pounds Of feed, 12S-pound hogs, 437
pounds of feed; 174-pound pigs, 4S2
pounds; 226-pound pigs, 49S pounds;
27l-pound pigs, 5l1 pounds, and for
the 330-pound hogs it took 535 pounds
of food to make the 100 pounds of
gain, or nearly twice as much as the
3S-pound pig. This emphasizes the i'm
portance OF pushing the hogs from the
start in order to make the most eco
nomical gains.
1t has been found at the North
Dakota experiment station that April
Ilgs can be made to weigh 200 to 250
pounds by November /.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
DAMAGED WHEAT FOR FOWLS
Large Part OF Crop Unfit for Milling
Can Be Fed to Poultry-Hold
on to Late Pullets.

The frequent statement that large
part OF the winter wheat crop will
prove unfit for milling should be en-
couraging to poultry-keepers as indi'
eating cheaper feed this winter. The
proportion is put at 60,000,000 TO 100,-
100000 bushels out of 600, 100000 bush
els. 1t is said that it can be fed to
hogs. II can also be fed to chickens,
II not too musty. Caution should be
used on that point. IT'S an i'll wind
that blows nobody good" and poultry
keepers should not be in haste to mar
ket late-hatched pullets on the ground
that 1t will cost too much to feed them
until spring.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
BUILDINGS FOR LIVE STOCK
Proper Ventilation Is often Neglected
and Animals Suffer in Consequence
Let in Sunlight.

Stock barns should be thoroughly
ventilated, whether for hogs, cattle,
horses or sheep. II is Just as detri-
mental to an animal to breathe I'm.
pure air as II is for a human being
A system of ventilation is inexpen-
sive and its results are remarkable.
The buildings should be kept clean
and disinfected often enough to insure
destruction Of poisonous germs.
Floors in hog pens, cattle barns, etc,
should not be made of boards, for
such floors are full OF cracks and
knot holes, which, with the space un-
derneath them, afford a favorable
place for the accumulation OF fetid
matter.
II hogs have cholera in q board
floor pen, and the floor and the ac-
cumulation is not taken out and the
building thoroughly disinfected, hogs
placed in the same pen years after
ward are liable to contract the dis
ease from latent germs in the filth.
Sunshine being the best disinfectant,
movable hog houses and pens are al
ways best
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16

IS to 10 pounds and shear to 7
pounds of wool About 100 or 140 of
them can be put in an ordinary stock
car.
The beginner should buy ewes with
solid" mouths and good udders. Ex-
perienced sheepmen frequently sue.
ceed with ewes with loose and broken
teeth, but for the novice 1t is not ad.
visable to try the extremely old ewes.
Western ewes will raise good spring
lambs when mated with rams OF good
mutton type. A vigorous, strong year
ling ram should serve 35 to 40 ewes.
A list of Missouri breeders who have
rams for sale can be secured from the
department of animal husbandry, Uni
versity OF Missouri, Columbia, Mo.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
PRODUCING EGGS IN WINTER
Keep Before Hens Constant Supply Of
High Protein Meat Scrap, Grit
and Fresh Water.

Keep before the hens that you are
using for winter egg production, a con-
slant supply OF high protein meat
scrap, complete grit, crushed oyster
shell. and supply fresh, clean water
abundantly and regularly, and see to
II that the water does not become
frozen in cold weather, as there has
been no invention forthcoming from
our geniuses in this line Of industry
which will provide the chicken with
an icepick.
Animal food is extremely essential
in securing heavy winter egg yield,
and as a rule. this can best be sup
piled in the form Of meat scrap, as II
It the most economical and convenient
form obtainable.
Fowls greatly prefer green-cut bone
and IL it is practical, we should re
spect our feathered friends tastes as
near as possible.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
Open and smaII.TOp Pals.

wear a suit which Is used for no 9th
er purpose. The suit must be kept
clean and occasionally sterilized with
steam or by boiling in water. The
milking stool must also be clean, to
avoid soiling the mixers hands.
The small-top milk pail is a neces
sity in the production Of clean milk,
as II presents only a small opening
into which dust and dirt may fall from
the air or from the cows body. II has
been found by experience that the
use OF this kind OF pail greatly re
duces the number OF bacteria in milk
from average dairies. Many types Of
milk pals are for sale, but any tin.
ner can convert an ordinary pail into
a small-top pail by the addition of
n hood
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16

dom from all diseases and about one
fourth gave canker as common cause
of sickness.
The average annual profit per pair
OF breeders varied from 80 cents to
$500, and averaged Sl.52; the feed
cost from 95 cents to $500. with an
average OF Sl.32. All sold squads for
market. while about one-half sold both
as breeders and for market. The av.
erage price for the year received per
dozen squads varied from $500 to
S4.62 and averaged S3,43.
The number OF squads marketed
from each pair of pigeons varied from
10 to 90, and averaged 1871; the weight
per dozen squads varied from to IL
pounds, and averaged 8 pounds.
SQUADS were marketed at four weeks
except from two farms where the av-
erage age Of marketing was given as
four and one-half weeks.
Data Secured From Small Breeders.
A large number OF replies we're re-
ceived from breeders who kept less
than 300 pigeons. Their answers In
general agreed with those from the
large pigeon breeders, although they
we're more varied. Many farmers OBJ
jected TO pigeons. claiming that they
carried diseases and all kinds of YER
min among stock and fowls, dirted els
terms used for holding rain water, and
ate grain from the fields and barns
A very few farmers stated that the
pigeons were beneficial to the farms
and ate many weed seeds. The mum
per OF pigeons in farm sections moi
kept confined was reported TO be di
minishing greatly as the country be
came more thickly settled.
Other varieties OF pigeons men
toned, in addition TO those reported
from the large pigeon farms, were tht
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
FEEDING SILAGE TO CALVES
Yearllns Animals viii Consume About
one-Haf as Much as Mature Stock
keep Free From Mold.

Calves may be fed silage as soon as
they are old enough TO eat It, II is
perhaps OF greater importance that the
silage be free from mold or decay
when given to calves than when given
TO mature cattle. They may be given
all the silage they will eat up clean
at all times Yearling calves will con.
sumo about one.half as much as ma.
ture stock; that is, from Is to 20 or
more pounds a day. When supple.
mented with some good leguminous
hay little, II any, grain will be re
Quired to keep the calves in thrifty,
growing condition.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
Cuban Stew,

Four pounds mutton, one cupful oil.
one can tomatoes, eight medium.sized
onions, one can peas, one can mush.
rooms, eight good-sized potatoes,
tablespoonful salt and pinch OF pep
per. Put olive oil in bottom OF kettle.
add tomatoes and onions sliced, then
mutton cut in pieces large enough to
serve, then salt and pepper Cover
closely and simmer three hours. Then
add potatoes cut in halves, and when
they are cooked add peas and mush.
rooms both drained from liquor in
the cans. When peas and mushrooms
have been heated. thicken the whole
and serve.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
USE BRUSH IN THE KITCHEN
Vegetables Cleaned With That lmple-
nsnt May Be Served With AZ
suranee Of Perfect Safety.

One OF the best ways to wash vege-
tables is to provide yourself with a
stout little brush, which should be
kept in convenient place by the
sink. With this you will find the
work of washing the vegetables will
be made a great deal easier. Then
there is something that concerns
house brushes OF all kinds. When
they are in need OF cleaning, put tepid
water into a pan, sufficient in quantity
to cover the bristles OF the brush. but
not to reach the backs, which perhaps
would be injured by the water. Add
to the water three tablespoonfuls OF
ammonia for each quart OF water, then
put the brushes in to soak for ten
minutes Rinse them well in cold wa.
ter and set them to dry, with bristles
downward. In washing hair brushes,
be careful not to use soap. Instead,
dissolve a piece OF soap in warm wa
ter and allow the bristles OF the brush
to stand in the water. The bristles
will become white and clean. When
allowed to dry you will find that the
bristles will be Just as stiff and firm
as ever they were and the backs of
the brushes will not have been hurt
by soap getting down into the places
where the bristles are set into the
backs. An old tooth brush is a pretty
good thing to save. 1t may often be
found very useful in the kitchen
around cleanup times, in getting into
little inches where ordinary brush
or cloth would NOT reach
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
lemon Cup Cake.

one-half cupfuI butter, one cupfui
sugar, grated rind and Juice OF one
half lemon, four eggs, one and one
fourth cupfuls of pastry -four, one
fourth teaspoonful salt, one.fourth
teaspoonful soda.
Cream the butter and sugar, add
the lemon juice and grated rind and
the yolk OF the eggs. Sift together
the salt, -four and soda. Add this mix
ture to the other and when thoroughly
mixed fold in the stiffly beaten egg
whites. Bake in small tins.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
USE PATIENCE WITH CALVES
Young Animals Must BE Handled Care.
fully-can Be Taught 10 Drink
MIX Very Easily.

Handle the newborn calf as you
would a baby.
First OF all, keep It warm, and be
sure II gets its first milk warm from
its mother.
Keep II clean and keep the mother
free from excitement
II you separate the calf from its
mother on the third day, give II the
milk warm from its mother.
With a little kindness and patience,
young calves can be taught TO drink
very easily.
Never Jam a calfs head up TO It's
eyes in mllk-it is cruel.
Let the calf suck the finger; care
fully release the finger, and the Job is
done.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
PROFITS IN BREEDING EWES
BEGINNER Should Select Animals With
"solid" Mouths and Good I'd
ders-Avoid the Old Ones.

By PROF. HOWARD HACKEDoRN,
Missouri College OF Agriculture)
More profits have been made from
breeding ewes than from most other
classes Of live stock, in the last few
years. The present scarcity and high
price OF cattle and feeder lambs make
them more doubtful sources Of profit
at this time.
Practically all breeding ewes on the
market now are western ewes. Among
this class, ewes OF Merino blood pre-
dominate. These ewes will weigh from
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
SANITATION IN DAIRY HOUSE
Extreme Care and Cleanliness Should
Be Observed 20 Prevent Entrance
OF Bacteria Into MIX.

Unless considerable care IS taken
large numbers OF bacteria may find
their way into the milk during the
process Of milking Cows should be
MIXED in clean. well-lighted stables,
After grooming and before milking
the udders, tanks, and bellies OF the
COWS should be carefully wiped with
a damp cloth TO remove any dust or
loose hairs which might fall into the
milk pail. Only those persons who
are free from communicable disease
should be allowed 10 handle milk or
even enter the stable or dairy house.
After the cows are prepared for
milking each mixer should thorough.
ly wash his hands and put on pair
OF clean oyeralls and a jumper or
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
Eor suoe.aa WIN Dairy.

The right kind OF a man will feed
his cows literally OF economically pro
duced feed and he will have silo. He
will care for them properly and breed
them properly, and gradually improve
his herd year by year, and there
seems TO be no limit to this. at least
the limit has not been reached as yet
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16

shell in which to grow but also be sup.
piled with an abundance of food mate
rials with which to make that growth.
A pullet does not ordinarily possess
reproductive organs sufficiently well
developed to produce such an egg.
Therefore a pullet does not produce
as good Matching eggs and is not as
desirable for breeding purposes as is
the yearling hen. The pullet must
necessarily utilize some OF her ener-
gies in further growth and develop
ment. After attaining her full size,
she still has to fill out and mature, az
well as strengthen her laying organs
through use.
Among the Mediterranean class Of
fowls, such as the Leghorn and Minor
ca, the males seem to develop sexually
more rapidly than the females. Well
developed Mediterranean cockerels are
therefore very often used as breeders
when mated with yearling hens. The
ideal mating, however, for breeding
purposes, is that OF vigorous yearling
cocks with well-developed yearling
hens.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
contanlous Abortion.

Cows affected with abortion disease,
lcng after they have seemingly recoy.
cred and resumed the normal produc
tion OF calves. continue to expel abor.
tion bacilli with their milk. One COW
now under observation has continued
TO discharge such bacilli with her
milk without showing a symptom OF
disease for more than six years,
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
Provide a Deep Litter.

As soon as 1t becomes necessary to
confine the flock to the mouse most OF
the time, provide a deep litter OF
straw or leaves, Rye straw is best
as 1t is tough and lasts long time.
II nothing else is available cut corn
stalks can be used.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
BREED FROM VIGOROUS HENS
Ideal Mating for Breeding Purposes ls
YearIine Cocks With Wcll-DeVel-
oped Yearlinp Females.

tBy ]. Z. DoUGHERTY. University o.
California, College OF Agricultural
The production OF large egg con-
tanning a strong embryo and plenty Of
nourishment requires that a hen pos
sess well-matured productive organs.
1t is necessary that the embryo not
only have plenty OF space within the
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
HInh Enn Production

Some OF the characteristics In
fowls OF high egg production are;
Late mott and rough appearance. pale
shanks, black ear lobes, and wide
spread pelvic bones. The activity OF
the fowl is very good indication OF
high egg production.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
Leftover Meat seraps.

One cupful cold, chopped lean beef
or boiled chicken. Either will do, but
chicken is nicer; then add one cupful
of boiled rice. salt TO taste. one table
spoonful melted butter. Fry to a nice
brown in salt pork after making into
small cakes.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
Prune and Ralsln Pie.

This is nice when you have left
over prunes. Wash them and mix in q
few raisins that have stood in boil.
ing water for a few minutes, add a
few drops OF lemon Juice, sugar to
your taste Bake in two crusts.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-12-16
Hogs Bred for Pork.

Where hogs are bred for pork, II is
wise to breed two litters a year. In
breeding sows for their progeny to
keep up and increase the herd. breed
once a year.