davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25
USEFULNESS OF THE CROWS
Single Bird Destroys More Cut-Worms
In Day Than Ten Men Could Dig
Up and XIII in Week.

To those who know how difficult ii Is
to kill the wary crow, this will sound
laughable, but it is a fact that thou
sands of crows are killed every year by
farmers, either by traps or shooting or
poison. But experts, who have made A
thorough Investigation into this, de-
clare that while the farmer is justified
in soaring the crows away from his
grain and corn fields, he should not
kill the bird, because single crow can
and generally does destroy more cut
worms in day than ten men could dig
up and destroy in week.
Man cannot locate the wiry, soil-col-
ored little cut-worm; he can only find
1t by chance, while the crow can locate
them with ease and locate their tiny
holes in the soil, and with one bang
of their strong beaks drag Mr.. Cut
worm forth from the ground to add
him to the daily repast.
A crow weighing two and half
pounds was experimental upon, and 1t
was found this bird actually ate his
weight in cut-worms in one day, and
apparently could have eaten more The
crow, therefore, can save more crops
from the ravages of cut-worms in a
day than he can destroy in week
Crows are heavy eaters. 1t is true
they will pull up tender shoots of corn
If they have the opportunity, but they
will also eat the worms, and apparent
ly prefer the worms
A very young robin was also expert
mented with He ate GO earth worms
in a day, these making bulk larger
than the bird. Robins will strip a
cherry tree of it's fruit in few days,
but, with netting over the trees these
robins will also denude garden of in
sects that would have otherwise pre-
vented at least half if not all, of the
planted things from growing to matur-
ity.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25
NEIcHBoRHoCD SHORT COURSES
MEET WITH ENTHUSIASM.
Holding Of Local Schools In Practical
Agriculture Proves Popular.

Neighborhood short courses III SUD
iects relating to better methods OF
farming and homemaking as they are
being conducted in many States by the
Extension Service of the local Agrlctll-
tural College are meeting with mEcn
appreciation. In Maryland where these
courses are now being held for the
first time, they are filling the long felt
demand of the rural people for having
brought to them first hand from their
Agricultural College the latest lnfor
nation that is at its command ana III
a form which they can put to practical
use Oil their own farms.
An interesting example of this work.
was the neighborhood short course
held early in February at Princlplo,
Cecil county. 1t was held under the
management of the local farmers Or
ganization, Valley Grange, No. 2SS,
which through its secretary made ar
rangements with the State Extension
Service to give instruction in Dairylns
and Poultry Keeping, the charge Tor
each person taking the course of six
teen lectures and demonstrations be.
Ing fifty cents, with the additional ad.
vantage of the student being able to
return home each night, and absent
only part of the day from his business.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25

their favor and they have not grown
enough to make them strong and
hardy for the summer months.
The fall of the year is the time
when the farmer may use his spare
time to good advantage taking care
of calves. 1t is unwise to have them
come too late in the fall, as the winter
will be against them. Too much care
cannot be given that they have clean
place and dry bed to sleep on. With
a little care and work it is possible
that the farmer may add several dol
lars to his purse at this time. 1t is
like all other farm work. it demands
careful attention and at the right time.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25
HOGS AS MORTGAGE LIFTERS
More Money Made in Raising Swine
on Farm Than in Any Other
Animal-Ereny Is Cholera.

DIV GEORGE n. GLOVER, Colorado Ag
riruItural CollrgcD
There should be. and usually Is,
more money made in raising hogs on
the farm than other animals, Aside
from cholera, hogs are less subject to
disease. reproduce faster, and make
better gains per pound of feed con
sumed. The annual increase OF
horses. cattle az d sheep ranges from
so to 100 per cent. The increase OF
hogs should be from 500 to 1900 per
cent. The SOW has the advantage In
bringing forth two filters year and
farrows several at each litter
Doctor Warrington in Chemistry
on the Farm" states that for each 100
pounds of feed consumed the different
farm animals make gains as follows:
Cattle nine pounds; sheep. II pounds
and pigs, % pounds. Pigs then make
nearly two and a half times the gain
over cattle for the amount of feed
consumed.
The man who hauls hogs to market
instead of corn Is the one who should
make money Because of the fact that
hog raising, when properly managed
has been so profitable the hog has
been styled the mortgage litter" The
one enemy to the business is hog
cholera No doubt, much can be done
in controlling cholera by the farmers
cooperating in adopting measures
which will prevent the dissemination
Of cholera.
1t is up to the farmers themselves,
in the last analysis, TO confine cholera
on the one farm where it starts by
strictly following the advice of SAM.
tary authorities and all working to-
gether to this end. ! know of a farm.
err who kept his hogs healthy for four
wears. while the neighbors all around
him were losing their hogs from chol.
era. He did it by an eternal vigilance
in keeping infection out, and this man
made a regular chore of cleaning the
hoe pens every Saturday afternoon.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25
now TO PICK THE
MONEY. HENS

Do you know which chickens IN
your flock are producing enough eggs
to pay for their feed?
Can you tell the hen that lays thirty
eggs year at time when they sell
at retail for IS cents dozen, from
the hen that lays six times that num-
Der, many of them in the season OF
high prices?
Can you tell the steady layer from
the "boarder" in your flock without
first opening her and looking at the
egg sack?
These are some Of the questions
that puzzle poultry farmers the coun-
try over.
The hen that produces three or four
eggs a week, and is on the job nearly
the year around is the hen that is al
ways hustling, according to J. G. Hal
pin of the college of agriculture, Uni
versity of Wisconsin.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25
PURE-BRED POULTRY IS BEST
Keep Fowls Busy and Singing and
They Will Reward Owner With
Eggs in Ample Abundance.

Do not make the mistake of run
ming a mongrel flock of mixed col
ors, sizes, breeds, etc. Get one good,
pure breed--the medium size, dark
colored American breeds are best for
the farmer, furnishing eggs, meat
and good mothers and settlers, and,
investigation, they stay on earth
minding their own affairs instead of
running yours in the garden and
fruit trees. Watch your birds and be
ON the lookout for any sign OF Ian
guor, remembering "a stitch in time
saves nine Keep your birds busy
and singing and they will reward you
with eggs in abundance.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25

Under dairyine, the instructor, Mr..
G. t. WulcOtt, of the Extension SerV'
Ice, spoke on feeding dairy cows,
breeds of dairy cattle, grading up the
herd, raising calves, producing clean
milk, and OH the value of COW testing
and breeders associations. He also
gave a practical demonstration of the
Babcock test, and ended his part or
the course with a local stock judging
contest that aroused much interest
Many of his lectures We're also illus
trated with lantern slides that showed
much more plainly than words the les
sons he wished to teach.
Mr.. c. l.. Opperman, of Ridgely Sub
experiment station, handled the in
struction in poultry keeping, taking up
In turn the subjects of incubating and
brooding, building hen houses, feeding
laying hens, making up poultry
ration, common poultry diseases, mar
keting poultry products, and the many
other problems that worry the Keeper
of the farm flock. He included in his
work practical demonstration OF
eggs for selecting eggs for setting and
the plating of them in an incubator
and operating 1t, using in this demon
straton machine of standard make
the whole idea of the neighborhood
short course being to teach by seeing
and doing rather than by simply hear
Ing of what ought to be done to secure
better reeults. An interesting part OF
the course was the asking Of questions
by local people and the discussion OF
neighborhood problems in dairying and
poultry keeping by the instructors and
their students.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25
BIG POLAND CHINAS POPULAR
turity and Rapidly of Fattening
Also Good RustIers.

For many years Poland China
hogs were the leaders in the corn
belt. Originating in Ohio in 1872,
their good points were rapidly appre'
ciated, and before many years Po-
land Chinas were established in every
section where hogs were raised for
market in large way. The early
Poland Chinas had much to com
mend them Their chief characteris-
tics We're early maturity and rapid
ity Of fattening. The combination OF
the various strains of blood Big China,
Poland, Byfeld, berkshire. Irish Graz
Ter on common stock, resulting in this
breed. was such that hog could be
matured much earlier and much
cheaper than was formerly the case.
Moreover. they were good rustlers, did
not require Dampering, and, as mat
ter of fact were practically fool proof.
So it came about that in marvel
ously short time the praises of Poland
ChiAas were sung on every hand and
the demand as breeders was practical
~ unlimited.
They were of good size (sows 900
pounds, boars, 600 pounds and over,
smooth. with moderate bone. large
ham and shoulder. producing high
percentage of the highest grade of
lard and edible meat of remarkably
good flavor and quality. They dressed
out well and consequently were pop
ular with packers. Poland China rails
ing became a fad. The sows were
prolific, not unusual for average lit
tiers to contain six or eight pigs, in
individual cases run up to 10, II and
IA. The pigs were active from the
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25
CHICKEN Menus
HIGHLY POPULAR

Every since the good old days
when the trusty "h!underbuss" of the
pioneer used to bring down coveys of
partridges and quail and an occasional
wild turkey along Che virgin trail OF
the wilderness, plump, juicy, well
cCckci sCul-satisfyiNg poultry and
chicken fixin's" have been source
of qualification to many people.
The humble hen and her descend
ants of both genders have proved
delectable topic of conversation at
MANY a boarding house. From che
ter der back piece" to the brittle
cartilage at the point of the breast
bonc,, end from the neck to the Par
sens nose" every m0rsel has its own
separate and distinct appeal to the
human appetite. Few can resist IT,
and even babes in arms have been
known TO "naw at roast wing with
greasy satisfaction.
Even with the advent Of the cabnrct
and the "hot doc" lunch places the i'm
rcrtaNcn of chicken on the menu has
not been forgotten nor replaced. TO
the housewife who has the wherewith-
n to obtain a chicken and the Skin to
nrennre it, thorc is no need to worry
over what sh"ll be the browning glory
Of the feast spread for special com
paw"
There are NEW ways of making the
ordinary bornvard variety of fowl
taste delicious beyond the widest
dreams A few recipes of safe and
sane nHture from the Wisconsin Farm
ers' Institute Cock Book are added as
an aid to cooks in search of other
ways to serve this popular meat:
To Roast Pou'try.-One rule will
apply to all poultry. Have oven very
hot until skin is Drowned, then cool,
and If poultry is stuffed, cook twenty
minutes to the pound; unstuffed fiji.
teen minutes Salt pork is very nice
to use for b9sting purposes; basic fire.
Cuently, when half done add one tea
spoonful Of salt and one-fourth tea
spoonful Of pepper
Chicken Fricassee. - Dress, clean
anu cut up lnt loNl pun III h'ttlVh
cover with boiling water bring to a
boil, then simmer until tender When
half done add pepper and salt; finish
cooking. thicken the stock add little
cream if you can spare it. The time
for cooking must depend upon the
chicken or fowl used; an old one may
be stewed this way for three hours.
Maryland Chicken. - Dress, clean
and cut up chicken; sprinkle with
salt and pepper; dip in flour, egg and
crumbs; place in well creased drip
ping pan and bake in hot oven, basting
with ono-third cupful melted butter.
Arrange on platter and pour over two
cupfuls cream sauce.
Cneared Chicken. One and one.
half cupfuls cooked Geld chicken cut
in dice, one cuptll white sauce, one.
eighth teaspoonfdl ..,ory salt. 'ieat
chicken dice in sauce, ~ osiN, e.,
cry salt has been lied.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25
COUNTY AGENTS ARE MAKING
PROGRESS.
Will Hold Their Annual Conference
At the Agricultural College
Next Week.

Active steps are being taken In
many counties of the State to employ
a County Demonstration Agent such
as have been employed in Southern
Maryland for the past three years.
Such man, representing the COM
bined work of the U. S. Department
of Agriculture and the various branches
of the Agricultural College, under what
Is known as the Extension Service, de-
of his county with information on
agricultural subjects, and in co-operat-
Ing with them in putting into success
full practice the methods advocated by
the Extension Service.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25
INCUBATOR OR HEN, WHICH
SHALL 1T BE?
A Question Every Poultry Keeper
Must Settle For Himself.
ROY II. WAITE.
Maryland Agricultural Experiment
Station.

We often hear people say, II
wouldn't use an incubator" "lncuba.
tors are no good" etc. but | wonder if
these people ever stop to consider that
there are two sides to the question,
The old hen certainly has her adj
vantages Some of them are as fol
lows:
I. More certainty of results In
hands of the inexperienced.
2. Stronger chicks as a rule.
3. Require less attention.
A. No danger from fires.
5. Less cost when few are raised.
E. Less work when few are raised.
The incubator also has some ad.
yantaeeS. for Instance:
l. More certainty Of results in hands
of the experienced.
2. Chicks can be Latched at any
season of the year,
9. Necessary where non-sitting
variety is kept.
4. Necessary where large numbers
are raised.
S. Little danger from breakage.
6. No danger from lice.
7. No danger from rats and other
enemies.
8. Incubator cannot mess up eggs.
Just suppose you have a setting of
very valuable eggs and that you know
how to operate an incubator properly
How do you think you would hatch
them? Would you put them in the
incubator in order to be certain of
getting a fair per cent of fairly strong
chicks, or would you take chance on
the old hen and get more and stronger
chicks or none at all il things went
badly? Just think this over and you
will see there is Il good chance fol
argument on both sides, You will also
see that it is question to decide for
yourself.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25
Use a Bone Cutter

Get bone cutter. Get a good one
The relation between the bone cutter
and poultry success is very close, es-
pecially in the winter, when hens are
apt to be penned up a large part Of
the time, and when the family is con-
Stunning much meat. The green bones
from the table and from the kitchen
waste can thus be made into poultry
flesh and be a source Of profit.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25
Sanitary ARRANGEMENTS.

Any farmer who feels that the sani-
tary arrangements in his home are
not entirely satisfactory is urged to
apply to the department of agricul-
ture for the free bulletin No 81. With
the help of reliable plumber or
sanitary engineer he will be able to
work out a simple and economical
solution for his problem.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25
FALL-RAISED CALF IS BEST
Young Animals viii Have Attained
Sufficient Growth by Midsummer
to Withstand Flies.

There may be several reasons for
raising calves. First, the dairy prod.
ucts are better price during the
winter months Then the farmer has
more time for the care Of his cows,
besides the average COW will give milk
longer for the reason Of the spring
grass. Another thing, the calves COM
ing in the fall makes them old
enough to wean In the spring and
turn out on the pasture. They will be
old enough and growing sufficient that
by midsummer the flies will not
bother and injure their growths so
much. Spring calves will not do SO
we'll. as the heat and flies are not in
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25
Fine Specimen Of Poland China Breed.

beginning, began to eat feeds quickly,
grew with remarkable rapidly, so that
by the time they were eight or nine
months old they were ready for home
butchering or for sending to the mar
ket. This was an eye-opener The
older and wellknown breeds required
much longer time for maturity.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25

Gather up all weeds, grass, leaves,
and waste hay or straw and keep it
on hand for the scratching shed. In
winter when the fowls have pretty
well worn out their litter, carload
of this trash will keep them busy for
several days. The weed seed and the
few insects it contains give them a
new incentive to dig
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25

She is the first hen off the roost in
the morning and the last on at night.
She is always foraging; following the
pillow in the spring in search of grubs
and cut-worms, roaming the woods
and fields during the summer, devour-
ing many injurious insects and their
larvae, and busily cleaning about the
threshing machine or gorgng herself
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25
SPRAYING FRUITS NECESSARY TO
SUCCESSFUL ORCHARCING.
T. B. SYMONS.
Maryland Agricultural College
Extension Service.

The man who wins In the orchard
business is the man who prepares for
the harvest in the early spring. Trees
should be pruned properly, and all
dead wood and brush removed from
the orchard. Both apple and peach
orchards should be sprayed with the
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25

on weed seeds in the fall She Is the
hen that is unafraid yet nervous; the
hen with the bright eye ana The scar
let comb. She is always sing ing rs
she works and is generally at work
scratching away for dear life making
her own living out of Gods good green
earth. She goes often to the water
tank and drinks deeply for much OF
the eggs she produces is water
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25

Have from eight inches to foot OF
leaves or straw on the chicken house
floor, and keep whole grain in this
litter
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25

Feed the hogs lightly, preferably
on dry feed, lust previous to shipping
them to market.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25

Experiments indicate that most OF
the body increase OF young pigs oc
ours at night
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25

The conference of county agents to
be held at the Agricultural College,
beginning February "a, will be attend
ed as we'll by the leaders in the U. S.
Demonstration Service, among them
being Dr. Bradford Knapp, Jesse M.
Jones, O. B. Martin together with local
men whose special lines of work are
of direct use to the county agent.
State Agent G. II. Afford will include
In tie discussions tie subjects of
orchard inspections, demonstrations,
and management inoculating hogs
against cholera, Improvement in the
care of live stock, improving grain
crops and yields, controlling plant and
animal diseases, promoting farmers
cooperative organizations and clubs,
and in making known to the people Of
his county such practical information
of his activities and results obtained
AZ will be of immediate us to them.
Openings near the ground should be
closed so the young pigs cannot crawl
through.
To prevent thumps give the pigs
plenty of exercise and do not over
feed them.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-02-25

>>c"et o"'F'oyn pts & Ma
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-03-04
CIVILIANS
PUT TODEATH
BY FTEUT0NS.
FIRING SQUADS ENDS THE
LIVES OF 200 AT
STANIsLAU

Lemberg, Galicia, March 4iWhen
,the Austrians recaptured the town OF
Stanislau. in Galieia, they condemn
ed to death and executed something
like two hundred civilians. accord
ing to- trustworthy information
brought into Lengberg.
Among the executed we're two POL
ish restaurant proprietors and a
number OF railroad laborers. All
had been warned by the Russian au-
thorities, the Russians having been
In possession Of Stanislau, to leave
there prior to the coming OF the Aus
'krians. but the men refused, relying
on their Austrian citizenship for pro-
lection.
The Austrians are said to have
Jcome into Stanislau with prepared
lists of citizens upon whom they had
decided to inflict punishment for al
legged offenses against the state,
I Hundreds OF prisoners, including
Bosnians and Turks, are arriving
daily in d.cmberg from the south
Many come in with their limbs part
nv frozen. All except the Germans
ARE half clothed, their feet tied up in
rags
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-03-04
OIL MEN WILL co OVER
LAND To WORLDS FAIR
Special to The Daily Leader.

Special to The Daily Leader.
cushina Okla, March 4l-Sis
automobiles will leave here on May
10th, three going by the northern
route, the remaining by the south
ern, their destination being San
Francisco. The party is made up OF
prominent oil men and their fam:l-
les. Ut is understood that the three
machines reaching Frisco first shall
win the cost of the entire trip from
the slower machines. The losers
agree to pay the expenses while in
Frisco. as well as the cost of the trip
to and from the coast.
This unique delegation Is co1posed
Of Guss Howerton, l.. ID. Gaunt, @. C.
Walters. Rolly Faulkner. Or. NJ B.
Furrow and G. NJ. Shoup. each ac-
companiad by their families. 1t is
understood that every night enroute
shall be spent in the open, and a
strict account of all expenses saall
be rendered upon arrival in Frisco.
They expect to be away for two
months.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1915-03-04
BOILER MAKERS, 700
STRONG, ARE ON Strike


Special to The Daily Leader
Cushing. Okla March i.-Practi-
cally all of the seven hundred boiler
makers and tank builders who have
been on strike have gone back to
work The strike has not been de-
clared off however. but three new
tankbuilding concerns have entered
the field and are now taking union
tankies.
Vice president Ryan, of the Inter-
national Tank Builders Union said
today taat never before in the his
tory Of strikes had so many men been
employed and gave as reason that
contractors WHO have heretofore
kept out OF this field are entering
and employing union labor
sour last weekly payment to the
strikers included about one-half the
number who went on strike in Janu-
AIRY. but 1 believe the next weekly
payment OF s5.c0 per man will be to
only few. because they are going
to the new firms by the hundreds. .
declared Mr.. Ryan.