davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-04-11
|S THERE ANY COIN
 IN THE CORN CROP?
WITH CONSERVATION OF MOIST. uRE, DEEP FLOWING AND CARE. FILL CULTIVATION EXPERT. MENTS PROVE THERE IS.

Is there any money in the corn crop: Hardly, if we take as basis the average acre yield in Arkansas of l9 bushels. But when we take into consideration that individual farmers and members of boys corn clubs are bushels to the acre, one is tempted to Relieve that the trouble lies in our methods and not With the corn crop. Last season most of us suffered from the droutfl. Let US make certain this year, if possible, that this does not occur again, and that our crop is prof table.
 Conserve Moisture.
 Moisture can never be conserved to better advantage or can cultivation be done so quickly or cheaply as before the crop is planted. Deep blowing and an occasional use of the subsoller is desirable in order to provide a suit able reservoir for absorbing the spring rains.
 On the Experiment Station farm 1t has been custom to break the land six or seven inches deep some time i'll February. A couple of days before disc harrow tapping one-half This Is especially desirable if the soil has be- come packed. Sometimes a heavy spring toothed harrow is used to smooth over the work of the disc. This brings any remaining weeds out of the ground and exposes their roots and destroys, any tender stemmed weeds that may be pushing to the surface. .
 Prepare Before Planting.
 Where level planting is praticed the section harrow With teeth in a sl6nt may be used about week or ten days later. Recklessness in this practice, however, tends to thin out the stand. Cultivation should begin when the rows can be followed easily, and should be repeated so far as practica- ble once every ten days. Especially it is desirable to cultivate after a pack. ing rain.
 As the crop develops the cultivation should gradually become more shallow as not to disturb the roots of the corn plants. In dry season a cOntinua- tion of this practice until the crop is in the roasting ear stage gives best results.
 l.. w. Osborn, Assistant Agronomist,
 Arkansas Experiment Station.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-04-11

Crop Mortgages, and other legal blanks for sale by Adams Printing Company. ti
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-04-11

healthy children since For female trou- bles always take Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound and it works like a charm. do allmy own work. '-M Mrs. A. F. HREAMER, 1574 Electric Avenue, Lackawanna, N. Y.
 The success of Lydia K. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound, made from roots and herbs, is unparalleled. It may be used with perfect confidence by women who suffer from displacements, in1am- nation, ,ulceration, tumors, irregularities. periodic pains, backache, bearing-down feeling, fatulency, indigestion, dizziness, or nervous prostration. Lydia E. Pink" hams Vegetable Compound is the stan' dard remedy for female ills.
 Women who suffer from those dis tressing ills peculiar to their sex should be convinced of the ability of Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound to re- store their health by the many genuine and truthful testimonials we are con- stantly publishing in the newspapers.
 If you want special advice write to Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Co. conf: dentiaD Lynn, Mass. Your letter will be opened, read and answered by a woman and held in strict confidence.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-04-11

Anyone wishing .o Su. or sell Jerferson County Script, call on Chas Well Supply Co. ti
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-04-11
MILK BUCKET GERMS HOME
Cleanliness in Milking Will Improve Country Life-Prevents Many Ills.

Milk, as it is drawn from the udder of the COW, is pure and free from con- tamination providing the COW is in good health. Hence, the bacterial con- tent is derived from outside sources.
 All are familiar with the black sediment so commonly found in the bottom of a vessel of milk. The pres ence of hairs from the body of the COW is also commoY occurrence. The presence of such material does not only indicate the presence of dirt, but
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-04-11
Make Good Work Possible.

You cannot do good work while your bowels are sluggish or your liver torpid. Wm. o. E. Bielke, Mgr Scott Hotel, Hancock, Mica., says q gave Foley Cathartic Tablets thor ough trial, and find them a mild but safe cathartic." Foley Cathartic Tab lets never gripe or cause nausea They do away with that drowsy dull, tired feeling and are wholesome cleansing and healthful Most satls- factory for stout persons. Mann Pharmacy.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-04-11
WAS MISERABLE
 COULDN'T STAND
Testifies She Was Restored to Health by Lydia E.. Pinkham's Vegetable
 Ccmpound.
Lackawanna, N. Y.-" After my first child was born 1 felt very miserable and
Compound

could not SCallQ Oii my feet. My sister, in-law wished me to try Lydia E. Pink hams Ve g e t a b l e Compound and my nerves became firm,
 appetite good, step elastic, and l 10 s t that weak, tir e d feeling. That was
 six years ago and l
 have had three fine
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-04-11
GOOD TREE STOCK URGED
w. H. Wicks Advises Nurseryman to
 Buy Trees Near Home.

As the nurseryman is in the busi- ness to produce first class trees, and as his success usually depends upon the development of good orchards, he should buy his nursery stock from the nearest nursery that carries the qual- nursery stock from a nursery nearby, the orchardist will be more apt to get first quality stock than he would in buying from a great distance. It Is also well to plant young trees that are grown under climatic conditions simi- lar to that into which they are to be transplanted. The latter, however, is not such a vital point as some may presume, but it is always well to fol- low the rule where possible
 Plant One Year Old Trees.
 Good nursery stock consists not in the short, stunted, crooked and unhealthy specimens which are sometimes pawned-off by nursery brokers on the uniformed tree planter, but consists rather of the straight, clean, healthy, well-ma- tured stock from three to five feet in height with a we'll formed root sys- tenn. A root system to be we'll formed should possess main root branches uniformly distributed from the center. These root branches being crossed or tangled indicate poor growing condi- tions in the nursery and are not de- sirable
 Inspect For Root Disease.
 Watch out for crown gall hairy root and wooly aphis on the root system. 1t is advisable to inspect the stock in the nursery before buying, making sure that you will receive the same stock and have the nurseryman pack it properly in boxes for shipment. Make every effort to see that your trees are true to name.
 Two things that the orchadist should endeavor to make certain is that he gets the stock he wants and that it is of the best quality, and he should also endeavor to get young trees that are grown under climatic conditions similar to that into which they are to be planted.
 w. Ii. Wicks, Horticulturalist
 Arkansas Experiment Station.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-04-11

A sheep that is kept in dry place sheltered from the wind will not suf
 fer. even on the coldest nights; but if the stable is allowed to get too warm and alose, they ars almost certain to suffer when turned out the Following day. 1Htf&ilgiKfN@
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-04-11
Arkansas Experiment Station.

The demand for pigs and poultry by members of the boys and girls pig and poultry clubs in Sebastiar county is greater than the supply, and business men and farmers are co. operating to make the county one of the greatest diversified farming sec. tions in Arkansas.
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-05-11

Forest Park, Circle and Madison, For
est Park Ills Phantom Sweet
heart"
Francisco, 2o17 Madison
Star Attractions.
Grand, 411>E. 43d-
Star Features.
Hamlin, 1896 Madison
Star Features.
Holman, 3346 w. 10Th
Star Attractions.
Indiana, 43d and Indiana
Star Features.
Janet, 617 w. North AV.-
Star Features.
Lake Shore, Broadway & Belmont
"The Broken Toy"
Little Sheridan, 4523 Broadway
"The Grim Messenger"
Lowy's, 74o Milwaukee AV.-
"The Goddess" No. 1.
Lyric, $3.50 w. 22d-
cat the Banquet Table"
Magnolia, Fullerton and California
Star Features.
Medora, 1928 w. Harrison
Star Features.
Monarch, 461 E. 31st-
Wanted, a Chaperone.
New Broadway, Broadway, near Fos-
ter-"The Sign of the Cross"
New Era, Fullerton and Western
Star Attractions.
Oak, POOP Western AV.-
Star Attractions.
Ogden, 1886 w. 18th
Star Attractions.
PaIais Royal, PauIna and Madison
Star Features.
Park, $500 w. Lake
Star Attractions.
Plaza, 3o8, w. North AV.-
Star Attractions.
Rosette, 215o w. 22d-
1.-The Grind"
Gauou d2d6 Madison
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-05-11

daily during the Fuller series.
Austin, 561o-21 w. Madison
Star Features.
Admiral, 471o Indiana AV.-
Star Attractions.
Alvin, 1612-1614 w. Chicago AV-
THE Black Box" No. 10.
Argyle, 1890 Broadway
1.-THE Closing of the Circuit"
Aristo, 1880 N. California AV.-
Star Features.
Ayers, 1925 w. 10Th
Star Attractions.
Bell, 24o7 Madison
"The Black Box" No. 10.
Baird, 1921 Madison
Diamond From the Sky" No. 1.
Biiou, 304 S. HaIsted-
"The Black Box, No. 10.
Bon Ton, 116 E. 31st-
Star Features.
Buckingham, 3717 N. Clark
Under The Table" .
Centre, 1851 Madison
The Nandry Jewels.
Century, 1921 w. Madison
Star Attractions.
Clifton, 1886 Wilson AV.-
"The Hard Road"
Columbia, 1920 N. Clark
Vaudeville and Movies.
Crystal, 27o1 w. North AV.-
Thirty"
De Luxe, 1141 Wilson AV.-
Star Features.
EIba, 31st and Indiana
Star Features.
Elmo, 2404 Van Buren,
Star Features.
Erie, 641 N. Clark
Star Features.
Federal, 213 {. 61st-
Star Features.
Florence, Western and Chicago AV.-
''The Girl of the Attic"
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-05-11

In connection with Mary Fl
story about the moving picture
The Day Book will run a list OF
being shown at high class he
These star attractions will be n
daily during the Fuller series.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-12-02
Eminent vermonters.

One Thousand uatives of Nerulonf = b.
have achieved some distinction IN tie
World. sincf Vermont began o. enist as
3 commonwealth. are listed ID the vol.
unis af The f'rueeeiinrs of tile Nermnrt
Historical Spgiety for she Nears 1913.
"a Ths eamriAr ~ fhs iisi wms tlse
zasiatFs NiraFnn. Dgrmnn b ~ keuf
wha eNHrrissd wifh wise discretion. 4 ars-
uazrs. his pDweF IF ss.issr rian. ser ufe
u at have sHpested inurrr ltst =
tieu at tht frmF al Kermnrt - t8ss
breeding rrutfnf rf fisiirlti i-llsH ntHn ff
aah snFrfiss nolsaaF tiat In r-uns1tian
e. tts stHtss frFseft Frfluistiun- tl.s
Hunli-sr Of natfFes af hrrunrf nlentiuIssH
in ~ last sfftinH 81 Who's W1Io Is
auasTis 81 saaesfeE - tie rassd -
ne attsF stste r ths frtun an1sl.sf
49, taEt uH eauas 30 surrrisf = thsf
- ~ asrt rf ~ Erris nm sFa inas.f
sFns - frrurrf 81 a. flrH ar-k =
-. sissE 80 u - sesasl ,r--- .-~---S
- wrlt rUf.E hernaestsf sau1'is
strr 81 aafaf in arsr A. f..srrss 1-aas.
ntat rt tsHre m tr sn
'Fesa-Tuf - lff frat D. tat Msas mHaa.
~ atis rnns.astsrs 3 81 anE q. asassH
srrf.xtst ilsfr rtan
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-12-02
Cannot Have Passports to
Nations Engaged in
Warfare
STATE DEPARTMENT
CLEARLY EXPLAINS
Government Denies 1t Gives
Any Sanction to the
Ford Plan

Washington, d. G., Dee. 2.--Secretar,
Iof State Lansing announced to-day that
the members of the peace party which
plans to sail on a ship chartered by Hen
Try Ford will not be given passports to
belligerent countries but only to neu-
trail states in Europe.
Secretary Lansing made it plain that
passports were given to American citi
zens for belligerent countries only when
business made it absolutely necessary to
visit there or when invited by some gov
ernmental agency. The secretary ex-
planned that no distinction is being drawn
between members of the peace party and
other American citizens but the rule of
the department is being applied.
The ruling, however, is generally inter-
preted as meaning that the United States
does not regard unofficial missions in ef-
forts to make peace by private persons
as business of an urgent character.
Very few applications have been made
for passports, the plan of the peace party
Delig 10 HsseIDDle AT convention III some
neutral country, using neutral capital
as a base. Officials of the passport bu-
reau have not held up any passports to
neutral countries of persons of American
birth, but it was admitted to-day that
there had been the usual difficulties with
reference to naturalized persons and com
pliance with the state department tech
nical regulation with reference to photo
graphs.
Inez Milholand Boissevain, the suffra-
gist, was refused a passport because her
is a citizen OF foreign country.
The names OF others who may have ex-
perienced difficulty in getting passports
were not disclosed. Henry Ford himself |
has not yet made application.
Officials of the state department said
to-day that there seemed TO be some inn |
preston in Europe that the United States
government is in some way sanctioning /
the Ford plan and they explained that /
here was not the slightest ground for
such an intimation.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-12-02
EASTERN coLLEGIANs WON.
Syracuse Defeated Oregon Aggies by
Score of 2s to 0.

Portland, Ore, Dec. with the aid
of bewildering assortment OF plays
the Syracuse university football team de.
feated the Oregon agricultural college
here yesterday, 2s to 0.
The eastern aggregation got the jump
on the Aggies the moment the latter
kicked of, and scored two touchdowns
before the western players got their
hands on the ball. With one exception.
the Aggies' defeate yesterday was the
worst they have suffered this season. The
Aggies had gained considerable prestige
earlier in the season by defeating the
Michigan Aggies.
Perfect execution Of numerous compli-
Gated plays was what gave the yictors
the advantage on the offensive. On the
defensive their line tossed back inter
ference and downed the runner with
clock work regularity.
In the last quarter. however. honors
were almost even. The Oregon team
partly solved Syracuse PLAYS and made
good gains on forward passes inter
spersed with line plungcs. White and
Syracuse giant guards, and the
entire back field played a stellar game.
For the sggies, Abram AZ right halfback
vas the teams mainstay.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-12-02
BOY SHOT TWO WOMEN.
Neither Of His Victims Was Seriously
Wounded.

Berlin. Mass. Dec 2-Mrs. Myron s
Wheeler. aged 20, and her mother in law
Z Mrs Elias Wheeler. aged s., were shot
bu, not seriously wounded, yesterday
afternoon ~ Francis Marcy of HoiVoke
former inmate Of the Lyman sehool.
Young Marcy gave himself up 70 Con
stable Walter Cole and vas taken %
Clinton. where be Il held fof = hearing in
the district court on q charge ~ assault
With dangerous weapon
Marcy has been employed un the farm
of The Younger Mrs. Wheeler sinse last
spring. n is elairned 10 vert fnto the
barr Yesterday morning and tied = coN =
ieRs tcrsfhnr When Mr. W1rriar Eis-
covered uhst hf hsd aufs she told aim
shs would ten hsr hustaud 81 Il wA,sn
- anms hors.
VIII TIRE wnulsr were sftur = 80
dininF rnom iMtsT y is saia Mercy eun-
ffunts1 them wtb q shutTnn ~ nsEnH
MrH Myrun Mhssiar If sts fntsmasa tn
tfn hsr tusiaua and when 80 sa8a
Yes. tireatsned ~ Finrt i = afIarsa
Tis snusn aft-r1rtsd a. ssess.s. taa
NsFrF ran e. ar urtsiif dnrs ard His
rtrrrrd IN rur. utft uss iosdea uth
iard shof he thnrrs tosf sFsf = 10
hsrks ri tett wumen
he vunar rar 49, ths farrr 81 uassa
= ttssllsr. aIhert thsf rseiFet sttarfa1r
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-12-02
HAS NO LEGAL VALIDITY.
Declaration Of London, So Declared by
Lord Lansdowne.

London, Dec. 2"The declaration Of
London has no legal validity, and adop.
tiou of the declaration by an order-in.
council does not involve the creation OF
an international tribunal said the Mar.
quis Of lansdowne. minister without
portfolio in the British cabinet, in an.
swer 90 a series Of questions put BY the
Earl Of Portsmouth in the House Of Lords
yesterday. I'VE have adopted the dec
laration only with very considerable and
importaut modihcations and we adopted
u only partially and for the guidance Of
pur own courts"
The Earl Of Portsm0uthss questions
were submitted with q view 20 elicitinR
The exact position Of Great Britain with
regard % the declaration Of London and
30 setting az rrst ~ confirming the re-
ports that Lord Reading had made an ar
rsugemenf With the mited States gov
srnment for the reference of cisims 70 an
International tribunal after the var.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-12-02
INCLINATION TOWARD PEACE.
Berlin Newspaper Favors Plan to Quiz
the Chancellor.

| Berlin. Dec. |, via London, Dec, 2.-Tht
Berliner Tageblatt is the first newspaper
to come out in approval OF the plan OF
the social democrats to ask Chancellor
Won Bethmann-H Hollweg under what
conditions he is prepared to begin peace
negotiations.
aFor our part" says the newspaper
"we cannot see why such a question
should not be directed to the chancellor
nor why he should not answer it. Is 1T
believed that an answer would be re-
garded abroad as sign of weakness 7
The military position of Germany and
its allies is SO strong that it should not
bother us what the entente newspapers
might write.
"The British place no such restrictions
on themselves and care little what con-
structions are placed on this or that
word.
''The second question is whether peace
negotiations would have any prospect OF
success Each peace desired, not alone
in the present case, may be dashed on
one of two rocks---on disclination In the
enemy's camp and on demands in our
own. Perhaps we should come step
forward il the chancellor were to decide
to throw a little light on the second
point.
"In any case even though one may be
very skeptical about the success OF a
peace movement at the present moment,
the German people should not be denied
this right, in view of the unusually fla
vorable military situation, to question
the responsible leader ON the imperial
policy regarding his intentions and the
goal.
at should be reiterated that there is
not trace of weakness in the Germans.
Should anyone abroad be foolish enough
10 so misconstrue the social democratic
the facts will prove 10 him
now mistaken he is"
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-12-02
CLAN GORDON OFFICERS.
Charles Leel Elected Chief at Meeting
Last Evening.

Clan Gordon, No IL, o. S. c., held its
annual meeting for the election of officers
at the elan hall in the Bolster block lsss
evening. There was large attendance
of elansmen and the business of choosing
new officers for the coming year was
transacted with dispatch. Here is the
new slate: Chief, Charles Leel; tanist,
Roy Mcdonald; chaplain, James Wallace;
recording secretary, Alexander Edward;
financial secretary, Robert Gordon; treas
urer, Donald Leith; senior henehman,
John Mcdonald, jr.; junior henchman,
Robert Patterson, jr.; senechal, Samuel
Henderson; warder, Robert Adams; sem
tinel. James Clubb; pianist. William
Leith; physician for Barre City, Dr. w.
ID. Reid; physician for Graniteyille and
district. DR.. n. +. Avery; standard bear
ers, John 5. Mcdonald and Barry p
Henry; financial committee. James r.. FL
rick, Barry p. Henry and Donald F. Me-
Leod; trustee for three years, James
Booth.
II is expected that the officers win be
installed at the next regular meeting>of
the clan. which occurs on the evening Of
the first Wednesday in January. As soon
as the auditors have completed their
work, the annual financial report win be
made by the officers.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-12-02
MIDDLEBuRY FAIR OFFICERS.
Speaker John Z. Weeks was Reelected
President Of Association.

Middlebury. Dec. 2-The annual meet
ling of the Addison County Agricultural
society was held AZ the toun han ves-
terdsy afternoon with large attend.
ance. President John 2. Weeks presia.
ing
After the call Wa read By Secretary
Prank c. Dyer OF Salisbury. Mr.. Dyer
made the secretary's report. spoke a..
preeistively about William A Lawrence
of Bristol. q former president of the 80
sociation and for several years director.
The election Of officers resulted IN
John r Weeks of Niddlebury being
unanimously reelected president. Col s.
A. lslev ~ Aiiddieburr vas similarly
elected first sias president. ans william
g. Hack q Orwell second sire presidssrt
The other oFirers are Secrrtrrv. Frnnl
q DYER ~ Saiisl,rrg trensurar. Chnrias
y Rogers y Middletsurv assistsrt trsas
ursr Arthur VI EDDY ~ Middlelmrr ai-
raet0r- fuE tires vHars William Naanan
af Psutoh FrNnk y Fonts ~ Cornwall
= 3. Norton ~ Aadisun. and a. 81
sears II Montt1n diasetrr far twa
vesns. Trumnn a. Nsruer 81 nristn
flssted o. ssrrs out fhs ursrF.irsd tern
81 william A laurruas rroertir 81 fhst
tosr. suditoFs. lnsHTi M nufts 81 kfis-
disilrrr. Cilnriss A. Charrrsr ri FsTris-
iasr aud auhr a. Fistehsr uf Midsis-
buF
TIE astes 80 fu- fls urrt frr n.
q slrust -. 81 81 sss sst.tsmi-r a a
.t,sftiiir rf -. rEseutirs ta1rd uH -
.sf r. 1suuary e. rrTsirt fits rssns =
a4 eHia~s rna srfr1srirtenHs.rs EnF $50
Hssrrt turrs d wus srse6 tiasf 80
sa r. fls rrtrF eiseses ts 80 nFrt
a@ st.aa3f - rter urg 81 KsrmrHs
8s smsrFs a rspug
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-12-02
RUTLAND ATHLETE
KILLED BY FALL
Charles Daley, 20, Fell from Third Story
Window to Hard Sidewalk, His
Neck Being Broken.

Rutland, Dee. 2.-Charles Daley, q
years old, son of Anthony Daley Of Stat,
street and one OF the best all arounC
athletes in this city, was instantly killed
lat 1880 o'clock last night when he fell
from window in st. Peters hall on the
third floor of the parochial school build
ing on River street.
Young Daley was standing on the open
window when in some manner he lost
his balance and fell TO the hard walk
three stories below, sustaining broken
neck and other injuries.
The window is located in the rear OF
the stage in st. Peters hall and Daley
was alone at the time Of the accident.
With number of st. Peters A. A.. bask-
etball team, he had been practicing on
the basketball court for about half an
hour and had left the court for rest.
1t is believed that he went To the window
for a breath of fresh air before resum-
ing play and either from dizziness or some
other mischance, lost his balance and
fell to his death
His companions missed Daley but
thought nothing OF his absence. About
10 minutes later Raymond Carroll,
member of the association passed by the
figure on the walk on his way to the
building but did not investigate until
he saw the open window in the hall. DIR.
+. II. Gebhardt, health officer, was inn
mediately summoned and found that the
young man had been instantly killed By
the fall. The body was removed to
the rooms Of local undertaken and
later to the home.
Young Daley, who was employed in
the Rutland Railroad company office in
the car accountants Office, was born in
West Rutland July 7, 1896, His family
moved here several years ago. He was
graduated from the cop,mercial depart
ment of st. Peters parochial school. Be-
sides his father, three brothers survive
him, George, William and Joseph.
He was pitcher on the st. Peters
baseball team last summer, had played
quarterback on the football team this |
fall and was considered certain of reg
liar place on the basketball team this
winter.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1915-12-02
DETECTIVES SAIL
AS COAL HEAVERS
Are Investigating Report That Coal Has
Been "Doctored" So That II Will
Catch Fire Spontaneously.

New York, Dec ACTING upon the
suspicion that the fires which have start
ed in the coal bunkers OF several steam.
ships leaving here with munitions of
war for the entente allies were caused
by chemicals mixed with the coal, federal
and city detectives are working as coal
trimmers in the bunkers of some of the
steamships now leaving.
The investigators are said 10 have
received information from an nndis.
closed source that new chemical com
pound Is being tested by persons seek.
ing 30 prevent the movement Of war mu-
nitions and that coal impregnated with
this compound win take fire spontane-
ously.