The Washington herald., 1915-04-23

| OF settlement a high bluff which ros,
| Upon the eastern bank or a little stream
which emptied itself into the great Pc
| tomac but a little way from the bay
The mighty Potomac, flowing silent be
| tween its wide banks there in the lonely
| Wilderness. made a deep impression or
them. THE Thames, compared with 1t, ;
| they said, can scarcely be considered 8
| rivulet. 1t is not rendered impure b,
marshes. but on each bank Of solid eartl
| rise beautiful groves of trees. not choked
! up with an underground of brambles anG
| bushes. but as If laid out by the hand
| IN q manner so open that you might
| easily drive fOur-horse chariot in the
, midst of the trees" 1t was this broad
and stately stream which was to be
! their boundary line. separating them
! from Virginia. Lord Baltimore called
! his province Maryland. in honor OF the
! queen. and the first settlement there on
: the bluff they called St. Mary's. in
honor Of the Virgin.
Maryland's settlers had come to stay.
ard yearly spread and multiplied: and
the NirGinians in due time let their anger
! cool Singular good fortune and provi-
cent good management made them Sc
, core from the first against any starving
, time such as there had been at James,
town, or any bitter struggle to live and
make a beginning.
They had found an Indian village at
-. Mary's where they landed. long es-
tablished and set in the midst of open
{ fields cultivated and ready for the
plough. The Indians whose home the
place had been freely sold them both
Its wiSwams and its fallow clearings.
i3r a lew hatchets and hoes and n little
cloth. Before the white men came they
had resolved to quit the region to he
rid Of fear Of the Susuuchannocks. the
terrible IrOquois neiShbors whose inroads
made peace impossible. Here were corn
fields ready for the planting. therefore
and the very first autumn of their stay
on that wide wilderness the new colonists
had grain enough to send shipload to
New England, to be exchanged for salt
goldfish The Nirginians, for all they
hated them, did not refuse to sell them
cattle ana swine at profit: and want
was not an enemy they needed to reckon
with.
Maryland turned out another Virginia
in its ways of life and government In
form. indeed. its government was very
different The King had no direct au-
thority there. Lord Baltimore was made
10y his chatter literally proprietor of the
colony-a sort of feudal prince, from
whom. and not from the King. all titles
and authority were to be derived
But, Notwithstanding his power was so
great on paper. he did not in fact use
II TO give the colony a charac ter apart
Assemblies of the frecmen met and made
terms with the proprietor in Maryland
as they had met and made terms with
the company in Virginia At first, while
all the settlers were still within easy
reach of st. Mary's. there were no cleo
tons. The frcemen came themselves in
stead of choosing representatives. 1t
was only by slow degrees that system
of elections was oStablihed. But in the
end things were arranged in Virginia. in
matters OF government no less than in
matters of daily life.
There were broad rivers in Maryland
as i'll Virginia, and ships traded from
wharf to wharf upon them as in the
older colony. There were few villages
and many spreading plantations. Vir-
Sinans might have felt that there was
practically little difference between their
own colony and Lord Baltimore's, had
they not seen Roman Catholics enjoy
rights of worship there which were not
granted them in Virginia. Virginans
Were expected to observe the ritual and
order of the Church OF England Only
in Maryland was there freedom in such
matters and the freedom there made
Nrginians feel Uncasily. that Maryland
was in some unlawful way a Jesuit and
papist refuge. wh!sh would bear jealous
watching. The two colonies might speedily
have forgot their differences but for that
Tomorrow The Expansion q:
New England.