davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Judsonia weekly advance., 1915-07-07

The Forest City Automobile Asso- ciation, at a meeting launched for a campaign for the completion of the Southern national highway, from Memphis to Hot Springs.
Judsonia weekly advance., 1915-07-07

Oiled streets for Lonoke is one of the first accomplishments of Mayor Jake M Gates, who has force at work laying the oil.
Judsonia weekly advance., 1915-07-07

A new newspaper will soon be started at Imboden with l. L. Franks, formerly of Salem, as editor and pub fisher.
Judsonia weekly advance., 1915-07-07

The City Council of Harrison is in- augurating a plan to take ever the Harrison Gas and Electric Company's plant and business.
Judsonia weekly advance., 1915-07-07

Alfalfa on the Fairview farm, near Blytheville. will average s6o per acre this year.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-05-16
So02eL E27SgG9E2oe00
r1rsf Zr95zr7 " E2e
I/5I SSRS0z2

the right to begin operations when
s5oe. 10000 had been subscribed and
a certain per cent paid IN The COM
paay at once sent Colonel G. w
hughes and a. party Of expert en-
sfneers 80 the Isthmus to make
survey for -sae road IN the mean
time they also made "a contract with
Colonel Georse NJ Totem and John
q Traurctne fog the construction OF
the road. These men were later re-
leased from ,hes- CONTRACT and made
associate engineers with AspEnwan
and Stephens In the construction o.
the road built by the company
u. cost sIr. stephens his HE and
the other engineers their health Two
OF them resigned at the end OF the
drst year owing 20 a disagreement.
but Colonel Totem remained on The
Isthnus until the road was completed
and went over tt on an engine from
the Atlantic to the Pacific on the day
OF It's opening, January IS. 1855. The
road cost $4,000. 100000 In money. but
L seems that no record was kept OF
Us cost In lives.
The building OF the aiiroad was
an engineering feat worthy of the
greaIesc ensineer. and without de-
tractsns IN the least from the glory
OF the men who built the Canal It
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-05-16
Tried TO Blow Up FriSate-

SO successful We're the trials OF the
Turtle that the inventor obtained per
mission from General Parsons TO
blow up the British friSate Eagle. CT
guns. which was lying with the neet
Just north of Staten Island. IN New
York harbor. As Bushnell was NOT q
recognized belltgerent ne instructed
Sergeant Ezra Lee in the operation
OF his craft and this gallant ofhcer
made the perilous attempt
AT night he was towed by rowooals
almost TO the Eagle. then sank and
managed TO work the Turtle under
the frisate but It was not possible TO
fasten the bomb to the copper bottom
OF the vessel and the tide carried MIN
away.
All thought that Lee had lost his
life but after hours of hear-breaktng
work a. the oars he managed TO make
his way back to the Americans Mean
while the bomb had drtfted away and
exploded where # did no harm excepr
to fr;Shten the crews OF several Brit
ish ships half out of their wits
The Nautilus
All this was in 1875 Twenty-four
years later another American. Robert
Fulton. inventor of the steamboat.
produced the most successful subna-
rine boat known up to that time N2-
poIeon Bonaparte. then drse consul OF
France, had given Fulton 10000 francs
TO perfec. his invention and the IN
Eenious American had devised a cigar
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-05-16

New Experiments. Physieo. Mecnani-
cal" by Robert Boyle. Oxford. 1860
This boat could not dive and rise
like modern submarine 1t crawfed
along the bottom of the water and
as the depth increased daaily became
submerged
An the earlier submarines were
constructed of wood and it was nos
until 1854 that Father Mersenne. a
monk Of the order Of Niintuaes. SEE
Sested the use of metal for the hulIs-
He also declared that the only shape
for submarine boat vas that OF a
ssh and that both ends should be
spindle shaped so that the vessel
could go in either direction
Guns on the Monks Submarine
The proposed manner for firing
cannon from the monks submarine IS
interesting. There were 10 be at least
TWO large guns called .-Co!onb!ades''
at each side OF the boat The nrzzles
OF these were to be pushed hard
against hinged lids when ready to fire.
Almost simultaneously with the dis
charge OF the cannon the lid was to
be raised and with the -econ Of the
gun would fall into place again before
water could enter the boat
In 1T4T an EnSiishmar named Sy-
mons. or Simons. made a wooden boat
shaped Ike galley. large enough
to hold two or three men, It was
operated by oars and steered by an
rising was ingenious. Tough Il had
been used with little success by 30
relli almost 100 years before. AloaS
the sides OF Symon's boat were a ncn-
Der OK leather bottles. When the in
ventor desired to sink he allowed
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-05-16
ohiects while submerged

objects while submerged DE- Fay sy'-
ernie. a Frenchman. was the nrss 70
solve this problem IN pracsdcal man
ner in 1876. He used compressed atr
:, storage tanks for breathing p.r-
poses and also had an opening IN the
hottom of his vessel When this was Is
r. he opened he increased the atr
,ress,re in the hull Itself until It was
sumcienc TO keep out the water. 4
3s this principle which tocaS makes
possible the discharge OF eorPeooess
from the tubes OF submarine q any 11E',
practicA depth
The Sea Devil
ere Dtsb1e Marin" eThe Sea Dev!D
vvas one OF the most famous OK ene
nineteenth century submarine
was the invention OF Wilhelm Sanes,
m, launched It In 1856. This vessel
,.,.s h,,iit of iron. She was 5: Zee:
,o,,s>4 II . feet wide and IL feet deep
.,,,f, shaped somewhat ike a dolphin
9er sides were six-tenths OK an iincn
thick and could resist the pressure OF
a 15o-foot column OF water
The motive power was provided by
screw which was operated by a
treadnili and the; up or down motion
was achieved by shifting water IN
longitudinal tanks by means OF pis-
tons At the Dow WIS q DS9ID " ~ :
pcdo containing soc pounds OF pow
der and near It were two heavy INDIA
rubber gloves by means OF which 2
man inside the vessel could reach GU;
and fastsn. the bomb 10 the botto1':
or side OF ship
To purify the abr. Bauer ARRANGED
I,onr pipes which sprayed water con
4snIIaiIy and which were quite effec;-
i've In revivifysng the stale air Tor q
short time. -
Remained Long Cnder Water.
The Russian Eorernnenrrs Supplied
hin, With crew OF thirteen men who
we're TO rnake.a trial trip with him.
l,,,t ON his drst descent they were SO
alarmed as 10 be useless and when
the Diabte Marin rose again to the
surface they cried. Staba Sochu.-
which means. Praise be to Cod
when his men were more. accusfonec
to- the work Bauer execuiec many
wonderful maneuvers-
TIE David
The American Civil War greatly
STIMULATED schemes for submarine
navtgauon. although few practical
vessels resulted Tie Federal govern
inert tested several craft In the Hud-
son river. but none were Of any use
The confaderates did. however. oe-
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-05-16
Early History Of the
Most Deadly Of Mod
err Sea Fighters.
1BY T. r. PE9ToS9

~HE submarine Is power TO pc
reckoaed with IN modern war
fare Everyone knows OF the
~ almost Herculean feats these
1nder-sea fighters have accomplished
N the present ccaftics-
They have proved beyond all man
Ter of doubt their pract:cab!hty In
actua1 warfare and they nave been
hailed as tie newest engine CT death
and destruction n anything apPEoS-
mating their present degree OF per-
lection they are new. but submarine
narisae:on is centuries old and at
sempts at 1t were made before the
birth OF Christ Certain old records
mentioned an under-sea galley which
he Phoenicians invented. ort 10 de-
.afIs are given as to construction. and
The date OF the invention is unknown
FIRST Used Diving Bells
Aristotle is authority for the story
that when Alexander the Great laid
siege TO the Phoenictan city OF Tyre
he used diving bells to get men into
the city To start fires While the APP
paratrs used by Alexander were not
submarine boats. they at least showed
that the anctents realized the warSalue
OF operating under water. and had
knowledge OF the principles on which
the science Is founded today
Another early attempt al submarine
work is mentioned by an Arabian his
torian. Bohaddin. who says that a
diver ea:e-ed the harbo- OF Ptolenats
in 1850 While the city was under siege
Although this man successfully eluded
the hostile vessels no details Of his
apparatus are given by Bohaddin-
The next important step IN sobrna-
rtne navigation was made by Corne-
1:us Van Drebel. a Dutch physician
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-05-16

tve;op a type known from the uArnsSo!S
me nrst OF their class as 9aSte1
which did some effective work. Thsass
we're Technically snbmersibtes atnes1ss
than submarines. The hun was cor s2e1Lss-s'
pieteIy under water thouGhSa low con-
Ming tower which protruded = - -.
inches above the surface enabled me
nayisator 70 see where he Was steer-
ing
was hrs. tried In Charleston harboE
She was arciSar-shaped craft man
,by Lieutenant Paine and etSntsSo4ltsene
tears. During her frst trip she WAS
sunk by the wash from steamer ~. ~
Lieutenant Paine. who was sstandtne
near a hatch. was the Only maq To-
escape.
| Another crew volunteered and
Paine again attempted to use the
David on Fort Sumter but she f11rnee.s
over and sank. the lieutenant and eWes
others saving their lives
The Cooper. river was the genes OF
the next trial and again the vesaess
sank drowning nine men sus , s..ssss
were plenty Of Confederates Draw;
enough and eager to Try It again. and
Lieutenant Dixon Of the TwentSiTnISt
lconfederate Infantry and a crew Oh
men who smiled at death. yo1unteered
to sink the Housatontc In Chariestens
harbor-
ON February H. 1864. the David
stole out OF the inner harbor BY nlsns-
and submerged. steamed close to the
a huge torpedo was fastened tosa
spar IN .he bow Of the David and as
the weird craft smashed INTO the
Housatonfc there was ceafenfnes
-oar. column Of water reared IN
the air. The Onion ship reeaed 4lr .ln
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-05-16

nonst be acknowledged that the men
who built the Panama Raifroad de-
serye far more honor than has ever
been given them During the ave
years of its construction they weres
compelled to cur. through jungies and
n,6rasses which fairly reeked With
lever. Theyeworked ina tropical VII
6erness with sickness and death on
every hand. Many times during The
rainy season they were compelled to-
live IN the swaups on tnsect-aofestets
boa4s The heat was stifinG. and ~
was with difhculty that the laborers
cou1d be induced to continue Their
work No army In bartle endure6
Greater hardships than these braye
Americans who. with an tndon1i1a pie
perseverance, worked aSatos6s1 ne
Greatest odds and conquered There
was no commissary at that I'm . NC
ice and no pleasant home with
sac-eened verandas. shower baths and
electric lights There were no amuse-
Inents but the dens Of vice IN pest
ridden Colonand Panama There Was
No Tdyou and no Hotel Washington
where the engineers might so Tor the
weekend, yer today one hears ttetes
Of the pioneers Of Panama
In the old days the fare was tweras
tive dollars for fifty nailes-dfty
cents per mile. yet there was less
kicking over this fare than there IL
today at ave cents per mile. In Aus
gust Of 1881 the Panama Rai1ro1es
sod on. to the French Company and
IN 1904 came into the possession OF
the United States.
The length of the new road =
trIfie less than the old one In many
places II was necessary TO build Eenzs-=
bankments for the uphearals had tor
be counte-weighted. virtually doubine
the width OF the foundations Some
idea OF the magnitude OF the task can
be Obtained from the 1act that one
hundred and sMty-seven emban knnents
were buift The three-mile an across;
the Ga1un Taxey alone contains I'VE
million cubic yards OF n1atertalz
While this task from an engineering
standpoint rras greater than the con-
struction rot the original road. the
present road was built under 1ar dtf-.:
tferert circumstances and With ever
Iconvenience and comfore the Govern
nsenr could provide
How this railway aided the buildinss;
OF the Canal by hauling Away the ex-s
cava-ed material and bringing sup
plies TO workmen Is 600 well known
10 need repetition here Sudace to-
say the Canal could not have been
built without the aid OF the Panama
Railroad
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-05-16

~wo streaks OF rust and the rtSnt
OF way. was the expression used
Isl In describing the Panama Kali
" road when the United states
.o,t over the road from the French
cal company. Seven million was
auowed for che railroad IN the Cana!
deal II had cos: the French Com
naav $4,000. 10000 twenty three
yearS before but this was due TO the
fac. that the French were competed
70 haze The railroad in orcer 20 ouhc
,T,a canal. for when the Columbian
Government granted the Panaf1fa
RaiIroad franchise IN 1919 they
areed that there should be no otner
.n.erocean!c communication aoss
the ischmus without The consent o.
-re Panac1a Company. so che railroad
,anoed irs own price. But when the
tinted States wanted 70 buy the
Erench thought best to sell at waat
vas ofeyed. believing thai wisa 4
canal ts1e railroad would lose in value
Good Invcstn:ent-
Aside from its great part IN build
.4,-Efi1e Canal the railroad has proved
one OF the best paying tnressm ems mrs
.he United states hiss ever mad. ios
n ten years its profits have been some
$4,000. ooc .oo-more than twice the
s-,o,,r. oaid for II. The right OF
%aS has been entirely relocated. <oF
o,rt o. sEe old road ran through
what is now portion OF the cana.
and nearly hall OF the old course now
lies at the bottom Of Gaiua Lake
The relocation cost S1te.0oo-ee Pct
ME. or S.. 900. 10000 IN all It was
<eon1steted in 1912 and Is an up-to-
date. modern railway. heavy Ea:led.
1relI f,aIlas1ed and block signal OPP
en,ed The coaches are OF the stand
ard American type The Inc runs
from cr.stobn through she hills
where tropical vegetation Is SO luS ..
60 -,1a. /, resembles huge botanical
qa-dan. skirts GaIun Lake. crosses the
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-05-16

road was TO be completed IN SIX years
a few months later the legislature
OF the state OF New York passed an
act Incorporating the Panama Raii-
road Company with capital stock OF
one million dollars, with the prfrt-
;ese OF increasing It 70 I've million:
dollars It also gave the company
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-05-16

a road across the Isthmas- In De.
cerber of that year three Americans.
william Henry Aspinwan. John Lloyd
stephens and Renry CnarnceS OBJ
tanned grant from New Granada un77
der the name OF the Panama Railway
Company. II was merely a modified
form OF the Klein concession and the.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-05-16
80. "a 80 80 tbese bot,les.- ,hes

svate- TO run into these bottles. the
necks of which We're OF course QUE
side the boat and the bodies inside.
When. he wished to come TO the sur
face he expelled the water FROM the
bottles by squeezing them and pre-
venting It from flowing back by fast
en.n= the necks Crude as this method
was. it Is the principle which highly
developed. Is used In the submarine
OF today
attack on the British.
very few histories OF the War OF the
American Revolution mention subnaa-
rtnes. vet one of these craft was used
In an attack on British ships IN New
York harbor-
David Bushnell. an American. made
several successful underwater trips
In copper vessel which. because OF
number OF old diagrams OF this cra1t
have bee3 preserved
the Turtle was propelled by oars
The paddle with which she was
steered and the other three oars or
paddles we're of course fitted into ar
right holes. The boat was caused TO
sink or rise by pumping water into or
OFT Of the tanks. It had 4 conntnS
tower Just about large enough for
mans head. The port holes were o'
glass. Bushnell employed a sa1esS
weight This was largo lump OF
lead which was to be rnscrewed II
an-rhfnr went wrong and the vessel
would roe rise when the water was
pumped out or Il the pumps should
she boosted a bomb. OF detachable
charge Of powder, which was to be
used to blow IN the bottom of YES
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-05-16

Canal. runs through concrete tunnel
and into picturesque Panama City
All trains are accommodation" as
stops are made at all the stations
along the Canal
B,.ilr BY americans In 1873
rae carly history OF this road Is
interesting from che fact that like the
Canal II was euac to further che In
te-es.s of American citizens and bull.
by Americans after the French had
failed. This was many years ago. 1os
the two oceans have been linked Ds
ran since 1855.
The waz between the Tnited States
and Mexico resulted IN a treaty signed
or February ?. 1855. which made Cali
fornta a part OF ;he Onion Amos.
simultaneously with the signing OF the
treaty gold was discovered in thai
state and thousands OF gold seekers
from the east started FOR the new
land TIE journey across the country
was long and hazardous as the WAGON
trains were frequently attacked by In
dia.s The trip TO California around
Cape Horn was long. expensive and
ea.alIy dangerous for many OF the
vessels were uaseawor;hy and wrecks
with great loss OF lie were a COM
mon occurrence
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-05-16
Brief History Of the Road
Which Like the Canal,
Was Built Before the
Great Waterway Was
Thought Of To Farther
the Interests Of the
American.

S-o,vri-htL 49,. by The International
syndicate.
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-05-16

Two streaxs OF rust and the F.sh,
OF way. was the expression rsee
81 in describing the Panama Ka;i'
" road when the United state:
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-05-16

"S5IE@R Cca5s5zzrao9S a9x77Srs<@SS 81
re 5aIxzczI GR~s0Sz2
The Sunday telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1914-1927, 1915-05-16

~HE submarine Is power TO be
reckoaed with IN modern war
a fare. Everyone knows OF tac
~ almost Hercu!ean feats these
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-05
BLACK oPALs.
These Gems Fairly Blaze With Myriad
Shades of Color.

These Gems Fairly Blaze With Myriad
Shades of Color.
Those exquisite gems, black opals,
which were practically unknown up
till comparatively recently, cost more,
carat for carat, than do diamonds even,
while experts declare that they are in
fnitely more beautiful.
And in this connection it may be
pointed out that the term "black opal"
is distinctly misleading. It was coin
ed to distinguish 1t from the familiar
light opal. AS matter of fact, the
black opal is alive with myriad shades
Of flaming splendor, from brightest
dnts of green glowing fire to meteoric
gold or lavender that in an instant
quivers to crimson or slips into molten
ruby or sapphire as the angle of light
alters.
Black opals are dear, not only be-
cause they are so beautiful, but be-
cause they are SO rare. They are found
only at one spot, comparatively small
tract Of ground in New South Wales,
adjoining the Queensland border.
The field is called Lightning ridge
1t is wild and desolate spot. The
nearest towns to 1t are Walgett and
Collarendabri. and it is about 500 miles
from Sydney as the crow flies.
Black opal mining is about the big
gest gamble extant There is really
nothing to guide the miner In selecting
a likely spot. The work is hard. The
shafts average forty feet in depth. and
all rock has to be "bucketed" to the
top. Water is scarce. food almost un-
On the other hand, the
who is lucky enough to
stumble upon pocket of fair sized.
flawless stones reaps fortune forth
with.-Pearson's Weekly.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-05
Before the Toothbrush.

Before the invention of toothbrushes
people used to clean their teeth with
linen. This is evident from William
Vaughan's Fifteen Directions to Pre-
serve Health" published 1902, in which
the author tells those who want to
keep the teeth white and uncorrupt"
that they must wash the mouth after
every meal. ''sleepe with the mouth
somewhat open -" = and in the morn
ing take linnen-cloth and rub the
teeth well within and without" In
Vaughan's time several varieties of
tooth powder were known. the recipe
for one of the simplest being as fol-
lows: "Burne a piece of Corke till it
looks like Coale. then take It out of
the Eyre and it will fall to ashes.
wherewith rub your ."-London
Chronicle.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-05
When rosti Kissed Mslba.

The first time l sang "Goodby" it
was in Tosti's studio, and he played
the accompaniment himself. The lines
"Hush-a voice from far away" Lis
ten and learn" 1t seems to say; "All
the tomorrows shall be as todayv' 1.-THE
cord Is frayed. the cruise is dry; the
link must break and the lamp must
die" l sang throughout pianissimo.
with only the two slight crescendos
that he had marked in the music.
Stopping suddenly at the end of those
phrases, Tosti kissed me and exclaim-
ed. THAT Is the way heard itr' I
knew what he meant The desire
prompted by Imagination in its compos-
ing had been realized. And was very
happy. - Nine. Melba In sWoman's
Home Companion.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1915-10-05
A CHINESE JACOB.
His Willy Scheme by Which Hsien Feng
Reached the Throne.

His Willy Scheme by Which Hsien FEM
Reached the Throne.
How Hs.an Feng. winning his father
favor after the manner of Jacob, reign
ed in his stead and hastened the swift
decline of the Manchu dynasty In Chi
ma is told by Messrs. e. Backhous'
and J. o. P. Bland in Annals and
Memoirs Of the Court Of Peking."
Toward the end of his reign Tao
Kuang, concerned as to the succession
his favorite son. Prince Kung, young
man much superior in character and
intelligence to him who eventually be-
came heir to the throne. 1t happened
however, that the latter's tutor, Tsao
Chenyung, knew of the emperor's pre-
dilection and, desiring to enhance his
own position, cast about for some
means Of inducing the sovereign to
change his mind and confer the sue
cession upon his pupil.
The emperor, following the dynastic
tradition, had given orders one day
that his sons should go hunting in the
southern park. Etiquette required that
prince who had not completed his
studies should ask his tutor for permis-
sion to absent himself for the day.
Hsien Feng therefore attended at the
lecture room in the palace and found
his tutor there alone. The prince went
up and, making the bow that ceremony
requires, asked for leave.
Tsao asked for what purpose, and he
answered:
'@The emperor wishes me to take
days shooting"
Tsao whispered to him:
"Ako (the Manchu word used in
speaking of or addressing princes
meaning, literally, elder brother), take
my advice: When you reach the park
sit you and watch the others shooting.
Do not fire shot and give orders to
your huntsmen not to set any traps. If
the emperor asks you for your reason
tell him that at this spring season it
is not right to take life because both
birds and beasts have their young to
take care of. and such slaughter is a
violation Of natural harmony. Take
care not to quarrel with your brothers,
but do not endeavor to emulate them.
If you, ako. will remember this, you
are certain to win his majesty's ap-
proval, for know his disposition. On
this hinges your whole future. Be
do not forget"
When the princes returned in the
evening and reported to their father
only Hsien Feng had an empty bag.
To Tao Kuang's questions he replied
exactly as his tutor had told him to do. |
The emperor was delighted and said.
This is the conduct of a superior
man," and from that day he decided
% make him his heir.
In later years. when Tao Kuang had
passed away. Hsien Feng raised his
utor to the rank of assistant grand
secretary. but he died before attaining
o still higher honors.