davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20
R1rMPER HARYEsTs INDEED.

The discomfort and even suffering which the Sep
tember hot wave brought to large section OF this
country has decided compensation in the benefit
from the abnormal temperature to the yeld OF corn
reports indicate some 100000 bushels
above the expectations of August 1, SOO,oOO.O0o
bushels greater than a year ago and 14o,oOO,ooo
bushels less than the record crop of 1912. Improve
ment in the condition of spring wheat during August
apparently added about 16 100000 bushels to the
anticipated YIELD making the outlook for pro-
duction only nominay less than the bumper crop OF
1919 Furthermore the supply Of wheat.
winter and spring combined, for the will, accord
ing to current Indications very closely approximate
II not exceed one billion bushels, establishing new
high record and leaving available for export between
300 900 900 and 400, 900 900 bushels
Oats deteriorated but slightly during August, and
the harvest 1t is now estimated, will be 100000
bushels greater than the prognostcaton of August l.
and very close to- not In excess of three years ago.
The barley outlook too is better than on August l..
and the promise is for a larger production than ever
before These four cereals the department of agri-
culture now estimates, will give combined produo-
tion in 1915 of 900 900 bushels. or 900
bushels more. than the final result for 1914 and
I 90 900 900 bushels In of the high total
established In 1912 The Thanksgiving Day proca-
nation soon to be issued by the president Will have
right to be unusually eloquent upon the principal
motive of that obseryance-gratitude for the abun-
dant fruits Of the earth
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20
A MERCHANT MARINE.

Senator Weeks of Massachusetts,, says truly that
as long as costs more build ships In this country
and as long It costs materially more to operate
them we cannot go the unlimited and unrestrict-
ed ocean-carrying trade in competition with European
nations or Japan take action to Offset
the differences which The only possible to
build up a merchant marine is to adopt the practices
of these other nations.
powerful merchant marine Is Immediately avail
able for naval and is always nursery for sailors
EngIand's great naval power would be shorn of its
strength if it was not backed by immense mer-
chant marine If England had only the small mer-
chant feet of the United States when the war began
she would have been pltiable sondition notwtth-
standing her warships
How would our navy fare with our lamentable
lack of merchant ships? estimated that in seri
Gus war our navy would need at once at least four
hundred merchantmen its various auxiliary pur-
poses Where would our government get them2 When
our White Squadron sailed around the world 1t was
accompanied by forty-fve colliers, all foreign, and
manned by foreign crews fact that should make
nation blush for Its gross neglect.
But to what extent seize upon the great
opportunities of foreign presented If we re-
fuse to take measures build up merchant mariner
We are getting some foreign ships American regis
try on account of the European war, but American
registry will surely end with the war and our mer-
chant marine will shrink to its former diminutive
unless Congress shall needed legis
lation.
An American merchant marine should constitute
in It's personnel the bulk of great naval reserve
England has had In her reserve 2,30o officers and
900 men, besides thousands of retired officers and
men and pensioners Our government virtually has
no reserve, either of ships men. These conditions
will confront Congress at its coming session. and with
a menacing aspect Preparedness for our naval as
well military defense demands strong mercnant
- and nfain ad RI
ample reserve of ships and men. Preparedness for
winning distant markets for our products less de-
mands the most generous policy for the encourage
ment of our shipbuilders.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20
News of the Labor World

on the daily round of farmer whose
son has Joined the army.
Statements from the officials of the
labor unions in New York State show
that the average possible earning Of
the members of these unions was ST.
012.14 per year; that the average
actual wage was only $S01.18; max
ing an average loss Of about S211 per
year, or 20.9 per cent of the aver
age possible earnings lost on ac-
count of unwilling unemployment.
The average paid-up membership
of the United Mine Workers reported
at the 1911 convention just prior TO
the time that President White took
office was 226, ,256. The average paid
up membership at the last interna.
tional convention in 1914 was 377,682,
or an increase of 121, ,426 members.
The high mark of membership was
reached in December, 1918, when the
paid UP membership was 416, 142 ex-
elusive Of generations.
Municipal Labor Bureaus are grad
ually coming into favor in this coun-
try; and in some Of these there ts
being worked out a neutral policy,
under which the men are informed
of the fact that there Is a strike or
other labor trouble on anywhere
where they are offered Jobs; while
employees are permitted to place their
call for men on condition Of stating
the facts as to any trouble that may
exist. Sixteen municipal bureaus
have been established in this coun.
try, thirteen of which are now oper-
ating.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20
NEW NEWS OF YESTERDAY
LINcoLNs ADDRESS AT GETTYSBURG

The late Edward Mcpherson, who
represented in Civil War days the
Gettysburg (Pa.,) district in Congress,
and who was afterward clerk of the
House of Representatives cherished
among his most valued recollections
of public life his trip from Washing
ton to Gettysburg with President Lin
coin in the fall of 1868. Mr.. McPher-
son, as representative to Congress of
the Gettysburg district, was apparent
ly selected to accompany President
Lincoln from Washington to the bat
tlefeld where the Federal cemetery
was to be dedicated. In 1882, shortly
after Mr.. Mcpherson became clerk of
the House of Representatives, 1 had
an opportunity to chat with him and
ask him a question which I had for
some time been anxious to receive
an authoritative answer to.
l had heard various statements re-
specting the first recognition of the
masterpiece which at last the world
recognized Lincoln's Gettysburg ad-
dress to have been. Mr.. Mcpherson
said There were some who were
upon the platform and who heard the
very fine address which was delivered
by Edward Everett, who, Immediately
after Lincoln spoke, made comparison
between that brief address and the
scholarly address of Everett, saying
that while the latter was wonderful
composition nevertheless Llncoln's
was an inspiration of genius. How
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20
WAR SERVICE BY FOREIGNERS.

In our Civil War the United States government
rIady accepted the services Of any abe-bodied man
who wanted to fight its battles whether citizen or
alien In the Union armies there were no less than
100000 unnaturalized foreigners. They were re-
ouired to swear allegiance to the United States when
they enlisted but not to assume American citizen
ship The result is that government Is still
paying more than a million dollars 8 year to Civil
War pensioners living in other lands or this sum
over $500 900 goes to Canada, $4,000 to Germany,
s117 900 to England and $4,000 to Ireland But
the begerent nations In the present European war
will not accept foreigners soldiers Francis
Thwing a son of the president of Western Reserve
University In Ohio has renounced his American citi
Eenship and become a subject Of King George in
order to fight In the British army His father says
he ia proud of him. and suggests that the young man
may be renaturalzed American citizen when
the is over.
This is a doubtful proposition The case OF the
unnaturazed foreigners who helped save the Union
In the sixties was very different They were not
violating the neutrality of their homo governments
for they we're not lighting against nation. They
were assisting the government under whose proteo-
tion they lived put down insurrection within its
own borders II the United States should get into
war with any other country It should get along with
ont the military service Of aliens. And any Amer
lean who gets out from under the Stars and Stripes
to take sides in foreign quarrel ought to stay out
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20
FOES WITHOUT AND WITHIN.

Both In England and Russia momentous domestic
issues arise. In England 1t is conscription and the
peril of general labor revolt. In Russia the pro
rogation of the and postponement of the social
and political by the government have created
an enormous popular discomfort, With the Teuton
allies laundering at Russiss doors and the Russian
armies beaten and In retreat the empire is between
two hres and the domestic peril IL perhaps the
greater of the two.
All the requests by the Duma for national re-
forms we're In reason and If the Russian legislature
chose a time like the present to urge them upon
the government 1t was justified by years of refusal
and repression was the opportunity for the people
that might not again in century. Only at
such times have reforms been wrung from an autoe-
racy The czar took the risks Of refusal Can he
now depend on the loyalty of his army, mostly OF
the peasant class and in sympathy with popular
aspirations, to sustain his power in the supreme
emergency of foes without and threatening reyo-
luton within?
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20

New Orleans t, ades unionists have
inaugurated labor forward move
ment.
Fifteen thousand Newark white
goods workers earn from $2.bO TO -
a week, working fftysix to sixty
hours.
Germany is suffering a severe cot
ton famine. The factories are closed
and the unmarried employees have
been sent to work in the mines
A strike has been in progress In the
engineering works at Kilmarnock,
Scotland, where the machine men and
turner's objected to the employment OF
Belgian.
"A cancer that should be out of
Alabama's body polite" is the esti-
mate of the State convict lease sys-
tenn by a. committee appointed by the
State Legislature.
Pennsylvania Manufacturers Asso-
citation predicts that more than
eighty-one per cent. Of the child labor
of that State will be eliminated be-
cause of the new child labor law.
Pennsylvania new State compen-
sation law Is effective the first OF
next year, and manufacturers are
preparing for this event by organiz-
| ing a casualty insurance company.
| The Vicar of Fritton, near Var
| mouth, England, offered to- take the
place OF any young man who en-
listed, and is now serving out milk
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20

ever, it Is impossible to say who II
was who first made public asknowl
edgment of the dignity, the power and
the sublimity of Lincoln's brief ad.
dress. | presume there were a nun.
Der who, after having read this ad-
dress, recognized that it was to be-
come a classic.
1.-THE first time those actively as
ISOLATED with President Lincoln's ad.
ministration who made public recog-
milton of this address was, I believe
the secretary of war, Edward M
Stanton, who said to a company OF
friends, few days after these ad.
dresses were delivered, that while
Everett's long speech was fully equal
to any of his memorable orations
nevertheless Mr.. Lincoln's brlel
speech-which in print took no more
than paragraph-was an inspiration
of the highest genius and was also
finer revelation of the capacity of the
English language to embody sublime
thought than to be discovered in the
address of Everett although that
was probably as learned an address
as was ever given. Secretary Stanton
said that a comparison of these two
addresses revealed the difference be-
tween great talent combined with
great learning and supreme genius"
Copyright, 1915. by E. j. Edwards
All rights reserved.)
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20
Faith I'm the Workers.
he Pittsburgh Leader.

From the Pittsburgh Leader
The men who are loaning the war
ring nations gold by the billions seem
10 have greater faith In the working
cIsssas OF Europe than the rulers OF
those classes hold. For 1t ts almost
nna of the traditions of Europe that
revolts of greater or less proportions
and dangers have usually followed
wars in which national standing ana
mower and prestige has been euecteu
by the results.
The workers of the countries OF Bu-
rope may be willing to shoot ana KIN
each other. make widows or thelr iei-
low workers wives and orphans OF
their children, and take their chance
of their own wives becoming WIDOWS
and children orphans. The way they
are going about their JOBS seems 10
be evidence that they are Wiling buI
that they are going to be wiling TO
fellow this sacrifice by another that
is greater when the war comes TO an
end sometime, is somewhat doubtful.
The workers are apt to repeat what
thew have said before-that when tney
went to battle and suffered all the
horrors of war they did their full duty
and will do no more. When they are
asked to pay the interest and the
debts that made fortunes for rev,
while the many were sacrificing life
itself to make that profit and fortune
they may balk. That has been the
common history of the main military
campaigns in Europe, and the man N
the street and on the farm doesn
change his everyday nature any more
or any faster than the man on the
throne.
The debts of billions now being lalo
so gaily by the few will be PAID ny
the labor of the many, the men now
on the battlefields. That is the only
p,ace the money can come from. un,
less precedent is lost, the peoph OF
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20
THE SHARK RIVER TRAGEDY.

The drowning of DR.. George F. M. Lamont OF this
CITY off the Shark river inlet yesterday tragedy
that should be fully investigated 1t Is said the ply
sicians life could been saved II the members OF
the coast guard station at Avon had given prompt at
tention when It was that the Lamont motor
launch was In peril. 1t is charged that the boat
batted for almost hour In the SURF before IL was
finally upset and It's three occupants thrown out.
The life savers along the upper New Jersey coast
have made a splendid record this season for taking
care of bathers and others. Few drownings have
been recorded in comparison with other years The
drowning of Dr. Lamont appears to have been the
result of careessness the part of someone at the
Avon station and prompt fixing of the blame should
be demanded.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20
To PITT MppIEs ON THEIR HONOR.

naval officer is supposed to be the emhodi-
ment of truthfuness always superior to the use of
deceit When It discovered that future officers
of the United states navy, students at the Naval
Academy had been trying get into the service by
ment The proposition is to introduce the honor
system at Annapolis. Woodrow Wilson student
at the University of Virginia when this plan was
inaugurated there and 1t has been an eminent sue
cess When DIR. Wilson became president of Prince
ton University he introduced the Virginia system,
with which he familiar and the decision to put
II into effect at Annapolis is the outcome of
ference between the president and Captain Ebere.
the new SUPERINTENDENT OF the Naval Academy.
The trouble at Annapolis has been that In the
practical management of the academy no reliance
is placed upon the honor of the young men In exami-
nations or other phases of their student life They
ere under observation all the time and subject to
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20
School Houses as Polls.

From The Philadelphia Press.
The United States Bureau of Educa-
ton has issued a pamphlet by f. j.
Ward, OF the University of Wisconsin,
setting forth the advantage of using
the public schoolhouses as polling
places. 1t Is stated that thirty cities
and towns in Wisconsin have already
adopted the plan.
The permanency of the location is
one advantage which the schoolhouse
offers. II is certainly desirable that
the polling places shall not be fire.
quently changed. 1t Is thought, too,
that the character of the building and
the surroundings would dignity the
responsibility OF citizenship. IT saves
money to use the schoolhouse. already
a public building, instead of having
another room or building for the spe-
cial purpose of holding the election.
The advantage of using the school
house for voting may outweigh its dis
advantage in county districts where
other buildings and any permanent
place except the schoolhouse is not
easily secured. The village at the
crossroads tavern used to be a
favorite polling place, but 1t is no
longer considered desirable to have
the polls and bar in near associa-
ton
The great objection to using the
schoolhouses for election purposes is
the frequent interference this would
often cause with the regular sessions
of the school. Once a year might be
overlooked, but the special elections,
the primary elections and the several
registration days where registration
is used, make it desirable to have
polling places whose use VIII not seri-
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20
ODDITIES IN TODAY'S NEWS

hauled the animal to the top. A rusty
bucket had been caught in one of it's
shoes.
After the horse had trotted off, ap-
parently unhurt, Moore cut open the
top of the bucket, and out rolled
stream of silver coins of Spanish
mintage of half century ago and of
face value of about $4,000. They
are believed to be a part of hermt's
treasure, there being a legend that an
old man who lived alone for many
years on an island in the Susque-
hanna river often visited the vicinity
Find still on Property Of Georsia'f
Prohibition Governor.
ATLANTA, Sept. 20.-Revenue Off
GERS yesterday discovered a large
plant for making "moonshine" whis-
key on United States Senator Hoks
Smiths country place near Atlanta
The still was a large one, and there
were indications that whisl1ey had
been made in the last twenty-fouf
hours. No one was found at the stfIl
when the revenue officials made the
raid.
The ''moonshine" plant was within
300 yards of Senator Smiths resi-
dence and 500 yards from the home OF
United States District Attorney
Hooper Alexander, who is q radical
prohibitionist.
Senator Smith signed Georgla's
Statewide prohibition law when he
was governor.
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20
H1p Ships

If all the ships have at sea
Should come asailing home to me,
Laden with riches, honor, glory, gold
All, we'll! The harbor would not hold
So many ships there would be
If all my ships came home to me.
If half the ships have at sea
Should bring their precious freight to me
All, well! should have wealth as great
AS any king that lived in state;
So rich treasure there would be
If half my ships home to me.
If but ship have at
Should come a-saiing home to me-
Ah we'll! The storm-clouds well might frown,
For if the others all went down,
Still rich and glad and proud I'd be
If that one ship came home to me-
If that ship went down at sea,
Weighed down with gems and wealth untold,
With riches, honor glory, gold
The poorest soul on earth I'd be,
If that one ship came not to
o skies, be calm; winds, blow free,
Blow all my ships safe home to me;
But il thou sendeSt aWreck
To sailing back;
Send any, all, that sail the sea,
But send my love-ship back to me.
Ella Wheeler Wilcox
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20
Arm Torn on by Shotgun, still Holds
Robber at Bay.

Arm Torn on by Shotgun, still Holds
Robber at Bay.
SOUTH NORWALK, Conn, Sept.
20.-With his right arm torn, James
Middlebrook, q mail-carrier, yester-
day afternoon held at bay Richard
Taylor, an elleged horse thief, and
housebreaker, until constables from
Wilton arrested the man.
Middlebrook had been pressed into
service when the posse traced Taylor
into a thick woodland. The mail-car-
rier was armed with a shotgun, with
which he was not familiar. One bar
rel of the gun was discharged, and
blew off Middlebrook' right arm. At
almost the same instant Middlebrook
spied Taylor, and, resting the gun on
a stone wall he ordered the des-
perado to surrender
$1,000 of Spanish silver Found In Well
Into which Horse Fell.
SUNBURY, Pa, Sept. 20.-Missing
his horse, which had been put out to
pasture. Arthur Moore, Lower
Augusta township farmer, found 1t
had broken through the covering OF
an abandoned well, which the farmer
did not know existed and had fallen
twenty feet to the bottom.
Moore summoned help from farm"
houses and, making a rope ladder
climbed into the well and tied sling
of leather about the horse. A block
and tackle operated by twenty men
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20

Francis Willard, with whom shi
played as leading woman for mani
years. In 1894 she achieved Rreal
distinction in her Interpretation O
the leading part in Arthur Pineroi
"The Profigate.' About this tim
she made a tremendous hit as Ju,
Iiet. Her best and most dificul
part was that of Vashti in Judah.
She was the wife of Louis Masses
an actor, who gained some distinc
tion in the depicting of juvenilt
parts. Though not one of the mo
gifted of our actresses, she occupies
a high place for artistic exeellenc,
and for the painstaking, conscien.
tious work throughout her long ca.
reer. 4s
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20
BIRTHDAY OF NOTED WOMEN
BY MARY MARSHALL.
SEPTEMBER 20
Marie Burroughs
Copyright. 1918.

Marie Burroughs, who was born
September 20. 1866, in California, was
for many years one of the leading ac-
tresses of this country. She was ed
ucated in a convent in San Fran
cisco, where she remained until she
was seventeen, and shortly after this
she met Lawrence Barrett, who en-
couraged her in her theatrical am
bitions and sent her to New York
with letter of introduction that
brought about her engagement with
the Madison Square Theatre in New
York. She made her debut as Gladys
in "Rajah." After gaining consider
able distinction in this country, she
went to London, where she met
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20

doniciliary visits even in their dormitories. They
are supposed to be men, and are treated like chill
dren Watching is to make him feel
that he is on his honor To be effective the new
system must be applied not only to examinations,
but to every individual activity of the midshipman
Newark evening star and Newark advertiser., 1915-09-20
OPINIONS AND VIEWS FROM THE EXCHANGES

ously interfere with anything else.
Besides, the use of a schoolroom for
election purposes does not usually
leave that room In good condition for
holding school next day. In fact, we
should consider the use Of schools for
elections an evil.
Universal Bankruptcy.
From the Brooklyn Times.
Prodigioug indeed. are the figures
of war cost. England is spending
$21, 900, 900 a day to keep the game go
ing; France, $4,000. 900. War credits
are being feverishly voted in the bel
ligerent countries, and all sorts and
systems of taxation are being resorted
to In the effort to obtain supplies.
From the present outlook the only
winner is the money lender, and he
will have Europe in his grasp for gem
erations to come. Now, the great ma
tions all are at war except the United
States. The smaller neutrals have no
money to loan. Spain, Holland, Swe-
den, are lucky If they can find enough
to meet their own demands. Conse-
quently America can, If 1t wants to
be, the universal pPovider. The allies
are already at our doors, clamoring
for money. In effect, they are here to
mortgage lneir CTeult anu tnelr coun-
tries for a billion dollar advance. Not
withstanding the strong pressure on
the President to forbid the foreign
loan, the probabilities are that the
money will be advanced.
But in the wild saturnalia of fren-
zied finance that prevails now, even a
billion dollars will last only a short
time. 1t would be gone in a month.
And the British financial authorities
figure that their outgo doubles every
four months. From any standpoint
the figures are appalling. All the en-
ergy of the human race not engaged
in war, could scarcely keep up with
such wanton waste. Another year of
war would almost bankrupt the uni
I verse.