Americus times-recorder., 1915-06-22
.LEMBERG KEEPS
MEMORY POLISH
.|NDEPE N DE nee
Especial to Timse-Recorder.)

WASHINGTON, D. c., June 23.-
Describing Lemberg, for whose pos
session the mightiest trial of strength
of the war has been developing dur
ing the last few weeks, a statement
just issued by the National Geographic
society says:
"Lemberg, under Austrian overlord-
ship, has been a stronghold of Polish
national consciousness. Almost un-
hampered by the imperial authorities,
it has administered, as Galicia's rap
ital, the last remnant of Polish Pol
and When the Galician diet was
formed in 1861, Lemberg had fallen
from her brave position of the days of
the Polish kingdom. The city was
poverty-crushed, unimproved, un-
drained, and hence unhealthy, with
no schools, and, generally, upon the
verge of ruin. Today, aroused by the
constitution of 1866, after so years
of hopeful effort, the tide of invas-
ion swept over a beautiful, intensely
modern city, full of fine, substantial
buildings, of lovely, we'll planned
parks, of up-to-date, richly stocked
shops, of excellent schools and col
leges, of great monuments and ex-
pensive public works. The destruc'
tive tide of battle rolled over careful
work of two generations, and is now
driving back again upon it.
Before the outbreak of the present
war, there was no city of Lemberg's
size in Europe, upon whose streets one
might find more alert, vivacious life.
The people had enjoyeo typical
American boom for more than gen.
Grafton, and its people had more OF an
air of bouyant confidence than any
other Polish community. Industries
were growing; and the commission
and transit trade of the city was at
tanning the Importance of this trade
under the old kingdom. From small,
bitterly poor community, Lemberg has
progressed to the position Of rich
metropolis of 100000 inhabitants.
"The Galician capital lies in a
sharply cut valley, embroidered on
every hand by well wooded hills. The
parks and promenades Of the city
reach out into the hills, where some
of the finest walks and garden spots
have been laid out. Beyond the su-
burbs of the capital, little Polish vii
lagos straggle over the country roads
and before great armies passed this
way, flocks of thousands upon thous-
ands of ducks and geese, for which
Galicia enjoyed no small measure of
fame, met the travellers eyes every
where. The insignificant little stream
Peltew, an affluent of the Bug, flows
by the city.
"Lemberg lies 46S miles northeast
of Vienna by rail and 212 miles east
southeast of Cracow. 1t is about 80
miles from the Russian border. The
capital is main station upon trunk
lines to Odessa, Czernowitz, capital OF
Breslau, in Germany, and
BUDAPEST, in Hungary. 1t is the
fourth city in size in the Austrian
empire, coming aafter Vienna, Prague
and Trieste. Commercially and in
dustrially, as well as politically and
educationally, it is the most import
ant city in Galicia. Its factories turn
out machinery, iron wares, matches,
stearin, candles and naptha.
Besides being the seat of the chief
economic organizations and Of the
government of the crownland, Lem
berg, is an important religious center,
the seat of three archbishops, of the
Roman Catholic, the United Greek, and
the United Armenian churches. The
University of Lemberg was founded
by Emperor Joseph ii in 1884, and,
since 1871, its language of instruction