davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-10-28
Road to Constantinoble Nolv Open to Germans
Teuon Army Has Joined Hands With the Bulgarians and
Thus in Position Send Guns and Munitions to Their
Bulgarian and Turkish AlHes-.Nort Serbia Doomed

LONDON. Oct. 27.-The German
army which crossed the Danube at
Orsova has Joined hands with the Bull
garians, who invaded Serbia, - ora. I.
hovo, and the central powers 9tate
an open road through Nortneas,....
Serbia and Bulgaria to the Aegean sea
and Constantinople. They are thus
in position to send guns and muni-
tions by river and railway to their
Bulgarian and Turkish allies, who will
be greatly strengthened thereby.
The invasion of the northern por-
tions of Serbia by the Austro- Ger
mans continues, while Bulgaria is put
ting forth strong effort to secure
control of additional sections of the
Belgrade -Saloniki railway.
So far as the north is concerned,
Serbia, it is felt by her allies, is
doomed, but in the south, reinforced
by the British and French, who are
now fighting by her side, Serbia is
using all Of her strength to throw the
Bulgarians back. After the French
victory at Krivolak, the Serbians, ac-
cording to the Athens report, were
able to reoccupy Veles, an important
railway and road junction just south
of Uskup, where a big battle still is
in progress. 1t is argued here that
If the ,Bulgarians can be held in the
south until Anglo-French reinforce.
ments, which are now on the way, ar.
rive, Bulgaria may be yet robbed Of
Macedonia, on which she has set her
heart. But the allies will also have
to attempt to block the German road
to Turkey and their big attack may be
directed elsewhere.
The internal situation of Bulgaria,
which is reported serious, may have
some effect on the campaign. A mill
tary conspiracy against King Ferdin.
and, Athens dispatches say, has been
unearthed and the leaders have been
shot. Many of the inhabitants OF Bull
garia are said to be still loyal to Rus.
sia and are showing disinclination to
Join the colors.
The Rumanians, too, are displaying
some uneasiness as to the activity OF
their government, and an agitation in
favor OF the allies is being carried
on, according to an official report, by
the influent'-l leaders.
The allies, however, are depending
on their own resources and arranging
to throw into the Balkans as many
men as can be spared. At the present
time they cannot weaken the other
fronts. as the Germans are showing
considerable. activity. The latter have
made stiil another counter attack in
the attempt to recapture La Courtine
In Champagne, which the French re
Gently took from them. Strong Ger
man patrols. heralding an attack, were
observed In the Loos region, but were
dispersed.
The Germans continue their attacks
against the Russians in the Riga and
Dvinsk regions and claim to have pene
trated the Russian position near the
railway line north of Dvinsk. They
could not hold the ground gained, as
the Russians launched Immediately q
terrific counter attack.
While the position in this region re
mains serious for the Russians, they
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-10-28
FARMERS FEDERATION WILL
MEET HERE NEXT MONTH
WILL HOLD MEETING TO DIS
CUSS MANY REFORMS AND Sc.
CURE REDUCED TAXES.

The Montana Farmers federation
will meet in this city November 8,
this being the first annual meeting of
that association.
The federation consists of societies
and clubs OF farmers, having mem
bership OF fifty or more or that is II
member OF a general organization hav-
ing fifty or more in the state.
The members of the federation will
ask the railroads for special rates.
They also desire reform in public
expenditure, reduction of taxes, IA
part of the tax burden shifted from
the producer. In addition they wish
to secure an abundance of money for
the use of their companion farmers on
undeveloped farms.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-10-28
MOVIES AND LECTUR Of
THE PILGRIMS PROGRESS
GREAT ALLEGORiCAL STORY TO
BE SHOWN UNDER AUSPICES
OF LOCAL CHURCHES.

Mr.. Robert Roy Ellinwood was in
tract with the local churches for the
exhibition of moving pictures of Bun
yan's Pilgrims Progress" in this
90. at the Presbyterian church.
The film is an Ambrosia produc-
tion manufactured at a cost of $56,-
900. Accompanying the production
will be a pipe Organist. lecturer,
Colonel Ray, a moving picture outfit,
asbestos booth and an expert oper.
ator. The production is said to be
one of unusual interest and excel
lence and IA splendid entertainment is
promised by the promoters.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-10-28
AYERS SELECTS
B. F. MOULTON
JUDGE APPOINTS GRASS RANGE
MAN AS SUCCESSOR TO JOS.
GALLAGHER.
DECIDES TO END SPECULATION

Judge Roy +. Ayers Thursday eve
ming terminated all discussion and
speculation as to the appointment of a
successor to the late Joseph Gallagher
as county commissioner by formally
naming B. F. Moulton of Grass Range
for the place. The Judge stated that
in case Mr.. Moulton did not qualify
within ten days he would appoint
Homer Goodell, Of Hobson, to fill the
vacancy
Judge Ayers stated that ne had not
consulted Mr.. Moulton and did not
know whether he would accept the
place or ECt. However. Others who
profess to know, state that Mr.. Noul-
ten will surely take the Job He is
an old time resident OF the Hrass
Range section and strong republi,
can. At the last county election Mr.
Moulton was the republican candidate
for commissioner, being defeated by
f. d. Barney, democrat.
Following the death of Commission.
er Gallagher last week, Judge Ayers
decided that in making the appoint.
ment of a successor he would name
a republican, Mr.. Gallagher having
been elected by that party. Inasmuch
as this was based upon a desire to
maintain the status of affairs that eX.
listed before Mr.. Gallagher's death
many democrats believed that his sue
cessor should also come from the west
side. On this point Judge Ayers en-
tertained different views. He has
been considering the matter closely fol
! several days past and different sec
tioas have had representatives wait
upon him, to urge some particular can
didate. Up to Thursday afternoon
Judge Ayers intended to wait little
longer in reaching final decision, but
as other sections were pressing
claims and as his mind was really
| made up Thursday, he decided tC
| bring the matter to an end. The fol
| lowing is his order in the case:
Courts Order.
Whereas, vacancy on the board
Of county commissioners of Fergus
county. Montana, has occurred by the
death of the Honorable Joseph Gal
| lagher; and
whereas, it is the duty of the judge
of the district court of the Tenth iu
dicial district OF the state of Montana
i in and for the county of Fergus, tt
f, fill such vacancy by appointment o
some competent and qualified eleetol
OF Fergus county Montana, to holt
the said office OF county commissioner
of Fergus county, Montana. until the
first Monday in January next after the
general election, to-wit, until the first
Monday in January, 1917, and unit
his successor is elected and qualified
Now. therefore. |. Roy E. Ayers
judge of the Tenth judicial district o
the state of Montana, in and for the
county of Fergus, do hereby appoin
B. F. Moulton to fill the said vacancy
and to hold the said office until The
first Monday in January next after the
next general election. to-wit, until thu
first Monday in January, 1917, and un
til his successor is elected and quail
fled"
"In the event that Mr.. Moulton doe.
not accept. as provided in the order,
said the judge, Immediately after sign
ing it, 81 shall appoint Homer Goodel
of Hobson to the position, so that how
ever the matter turns, it is now dis
posed of entirely so far as | am con
cerned"
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-10-28
FORMER WELL.KN0WN PIONEER
OF FERGUS CALLED BY DEATH

John Brooks ir. Tuesday received
telegram announcing the death of
Paul McCann n former Fergus county
resident, at Chinook. death occurring
late Monday night.
The decedent was for years fore
man for Brooks Bros. ranch, near the
North Moccasin mountains, and is well
known to the old timers of this sec
tiOn. He was hardy pioneer and an
expert in the stock business as con
Quoted when the government range
was abundant In recent years he
lived a quiet life in Chinook.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-10-28
CAUSE OF EXPLOSION UNKNOWN

BUTTE, Oct. 27.--The inquest In
the cause of the explosion which cost
16 men their lives at the Granite
mountain mine of the North Butte
Mining company. Oct. IS, came to an
end this afternoon, at which time the
jury rendered verdict to the effect
that the cause of the explosion was
unknown and that the men died of
injuries received in it.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-10-28
VILLA GENERALS TO QUIT.

CHICAGO, Oct. 27.-General Jose
Maytorena late adherent OF General
Villa and former governor of the
Mexican state of Sonora, and chief Of
the conventionist forces along the
Mexican border, was in Chicago today
on his way from New York to the
west. The general is accompanied
by r. Ramirez. former political ad-
wiser to the Villa party, and stopped
here to await the arrival of General
Felipe Angeles. who is on the way
from Boston.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-10-28
RECEIVE LARGE SHIPMENT.

Lindsay & co. have received a ship
ment Of 32 head of dairy cattle, and
rs full-bloOded Holsteins The cows
range from 2 to 6 years in age, a part
being fresh and the balance to be
fresh soon. All are Washington cows,
none being eastern raised. The ship
ment can he seen at the Farmers seed
barn.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-10-28

ments made in the note of March 30,
which recorded the Washington gov
ernment's first protest against the or
der-in-council, or so-called blockade, is
admitted. but no intimation was given
by officials today as to what measures
are proposed in the event that there
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-10-28
VILLA NOW IS OUTLAW

WASHINGTON, Oct. 27.--Should
Villa troops cross the border and at
tack the Mexican town of Aqua Prieta
from the Arizona side, as press reports
from the scene indicated they might
do, they would be treated as outlaws,
disarmed and in case OF resistance
shot down by United States troops.
Officials at the state and war depart
ments made this clear tonight, al
though no official advices had been
received that such developments were
in prospects.
Major General Funston, command.
ing the American border forces, has
full authority to take any necessary
steps to prevent violation of American
territory by Mexican armed parties,
short of actually invading Mexico.
With the recognition of the Carran.
"a regime as the defactO government
of Mexico, the border situation is
somewhat changed Should armed
men revolt against the government
rested, officials announced, merely as
outlaws, to be placed in CUSTODY, and
surrendered to the Carranza forces on
proper application for eXtraditiOn.
Should Carranza soldiers be defeated
and forced to flee into American ter.
ritory they would be disarmed, but per
m.tted to return to Mexico at some
other point on the border, where their
arms would be returned to them.
In the event of a battle at Aqua Pri-
eta, in which General Funston found
it necessary to use guns to protect
American lives and property. it Is said
they would undoubtedly be trained
upon the outlaws, not upon the Car
rama forces.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-10-28

appear, on the whole, to be holding
their own.
In the south, on the other hand
along the Styr river and Galician
"''""asses. repulsing German attacks
librarian report many
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-10-28

The arrival of these reinforccments
Will increase the border patrol in this
vicinity to approximately $500 United
States soldiers to enforce American
neutrality in the event of an attack
upon Aqua prieta by Villa forces.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-10-28

and carrying through their own at
tacks.
The Italians are persisting in their
offensive and. although their progress
is slow, they seemingly are making
advances.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-10-28
VILLA TROOPS APPROACHING.

DOUGLAS, Ariz., Oct. 27.-The ad-
vance guard of General Villas forces
invading Sonora was reported late to.
day by cowboys to have reached a
point near the international border,
Is miles east of Aqua Prieta, opposite
here, where the CarranZa forces Of
Gen. p. Elias Gales are concentrated.
Military officers here, assisted by
city officials. late today selected a
site for the camp of the Seventh and
Twentieth United States infantry and
two additional batteries of artillery
which are to arrive tomorrow from El
Paso.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-10-28

Continued on page eight
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1915-10-28

Continued on page six
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1915-07-22
The Mules Name.

Not all of the good negro stories
come from the South. For instance,
there is the one told by John Pouch
er. Jr., now of Omaha, though for
merly of these parts, who has been
visiting his brother-in-law, Heath
en-" Wood, in Louisville recently.
John was a newspaper man once, but
he is preaching now, says the Louis
vile Times.
He says there is an old negro in
Omaha who, strange as it may seem
in that latitude, never was slave.
The old man does odd jobs of haul
ing. for which purpose he uses gi-
gantic mule of tremendous strength
and equal deliberation and determi-
nation. One day John asked the old
mann the mules name.
Dat mule am name Co'peration,
was the answer.
What on earth ever made you
give him such a name as that?" John
asked.
"Jes' cause dat am de nachel
name fo' 'im," said the old man.
dat ar mule. he kin stan mo- 'buse
an 60 right ahead havin' is own
way dan any white possum 20 eber
see."
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1915-07-22
C.AUSTIC COMMENT.
Pointed Paragraphs Concerning Nari-
Gus Things.

When money is tight man should
keep sober
Shiftless people are never the ones
who worry about it.
The chap who suspects his neigh
Dor, is not above suspicion.
A man who patronizes saloons
often finds himself in tight place.
A girl who has loved and lost
boasts of her indifference for the
men.
The world has but little use for the
man who tells it a disagreeable truth.
Poetry may bring returns-if a
stamp is inclosed with it.
When an Office holder loses his
grip he does less handshaking.
A small boys ideal hero is big
boy who runs away from school.
Happiness is always where we hna
it, but seldom where we go to seek
it.
Sometimes a man gets tired or be-
ing good and experiments in vice
out of curiosity.
If all women were mind readers
every man on earth would take to the
tall timber.
The man who likes to hear himself
talk is about the only one who cares
to listen.
Occasionally man takes a day of
to celebrate the anniversary of his
birth, but a woman usually takes a
year off.
1t is reported that fully 1000 girls
are studying law in this country at
the present time. Preparing TO oe-
come mothers-in-law some day, per-
haps.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1915-07-22
ern sailors diet.

6rQ SdllOT 0lSl.
Until eight years ago no serious
attempt was made to find out what
was best for the sailors and to pro-
vide it. At one time an allowance
Of 80 cents a day was made for each
sailors food, and if the sailor did
not draw his rations he got the mon
ey. This system was naturally
abused. and attempts to devise bet
ter plan led to the present system,
which makes a more liberal food al
lowance than any other country
makes to it's sailors. At present
there are about $1,000 enlisted men
in the navy, and it costs the govern
ment about s7,400,000 annually t.
feed them. It has been found, how
ever, that it is we'll repaid in the
class of men attracted, and in the
general efficiency of the crews. The
Wyoming is the prize ship of the
navy. Her gun crews hold the rec
ord for target practice. Here is
sample menu: Breakfast-Frled
eggs, friend bologna, fried potatoes
bananas. bread, butter and coffee.
Dinner-Grilled sirloin steak, fried
onions. mashed potatoes, cocoanut
custard, bread and coffee. Supper
Beef a la mode, hashed brown pota-
toes. corn fritters, bread, butter and
tea.
It has been found that since the
modern sailor chews less tobacco and
drinks less strong liquor than his
predecessor of the days when each
man received his daily allotment of
rum. more sweet stuff is required.
For the sailors in the Atlantic re-
serve fleet stationed at the Philadel-
phia navy yard the government last
year bought thirty tons of candy and
$4,000 packages of salted peanuts.
The food value of both candy and
peanuts, when taken as part of
a carefully designed diet, is high.
which accounts for the large quanti-
ty given to the men. The old sailor
often quenched his thirst with water
which was by no means pure. Today
the American sailor drinks only dis
titled water. Medical experts in the
service have found that the use Of
pure water lessons the amount Of
rheumatism and increases the gen
eral health of the men. Of course.
food alone is not responsible for TIE
remarkable efficiency of the navy. but
officers and men are agreed that it
deserves more praise than it gets.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1915-07-22
Feeding Our Sailors.

It costs the United States 25 cents
to feed soldier one day and 81
cents to feed sailor one day. The
difference arises largely from the
governments efforts to attract men
to the navy. The old-time sailor was
notoriously i'll fed. In the days of
wooden ships, with no provision for
keeping meat fresh, salt horse" was
as often as not about the only kind
of meat a sailor received from one
shore leave to another. Black coffee
and hardtack usually made up the
rest of the meal, though sometimes
the menu was varied by the introduc-
ton of scouse, lobscouse, skillagaiee
and other filters which tasted no bet
ter than the regular diet, but were
welcomed as a change. After six
months of this diet it naturally fol-
lowed that there was some complaint.
Sailors home on leave or out OF the
service regaled their friends with
stories of how the Government starved
it's sailors, and the impression grew
that while the army was not bad
career for a young man, he had better
avoid the navy. 1t was much better
to spend life at hard labor ashore,
where good food was available, than
to join the navy and retire with
comfortable pension but no appetite.
But this day has long passed. In
calling attention to the work which
Admiral MCGOWAN, chief of the bureau
Of supplies and accounts is doing to-
ward providing the sailors in the
American navy with food which will
keep them in a contented frame OF
mind. the New York Sun says: 1T is
not overstating the case to say that
the major part of the fleets efficiency
and the contentment of the men is
due either directly or indirectly to the
generous and varied provender whlch
is now given to them, Whether the
ship be in port or ploughing her way
through stormy seas Canned goods
are still extensively used in the navy.
Admiral MCGOWAN says that canned
corn beef is so we'll understood and
so we'll liked in the navy that its use
10 a certain moderate extent is not
only welcome but most welcome 10
the men-they like it" Canned fruits
and vegetables are also used in con-
siderable quantities. but the refriger-
ating plants which are part of every
modern battleship make it possible
to make fresh meats, vegetables and
fruits the principal part of the mod
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1915-07-22
THE WHITE FLAG.
Significance in War as Once Fixed by
International Law.

To q great many people the mere
mention of a white flag in war al
once suggests some connection with
one of those unpleasant episodes
which. il. South Africa. says the Lon
don Tit-Bits. came to be dignitled
with the title of regrettable Incl
dents
But it is important that 1t should
be more generally known that White
flag in international law possesses
significance quite different in charac-
ter.
For an officer or soldier to display
a white flag or other token OF sur
render in the presence Of the enemy
is a disgrace equivalent to showing
the white feather: and the kings reg
ulations make it unmistakably clear
that the offender will be tried by gen
eral courtmartial.
The surrender by an officer charg-
ed with it's defense, of any garrison,
post, guard or position, whether fortl-
fed or not, which even a detachment
may be ordered to hold. can only be
justified by the utmost necessity.
Unless this necessity be clearly
shown, the surrender becomes an act
of shame and disgrace, punishable by
death; or if the evidence is insuffl-
cient to support such charge the
offender, if an officer. is liable to be
cashiered. or if a soldier to suffer i'm
prisonment.
What requires to be clearly under
stood is that the hoisting of a white
flag means, in itself, nothing else
than that one party is asking wheth-
er it will receive a communication
from the other.
In practice, however, the white
flag, in consequence of being improp-
erly hoisted in the course. Of an &C
tion by individual soldiers or small
parties, has come to indicate surren-
der.
The white flag is the universally
understood flag of truce, and no
more. Since time immemorial it has
been used as a signal by an armed
force that it is anxious to communi-
cate with the enemy, and this is the
only significance that it can be said
to possess in international law.
Great vigilance is always necessary,
for the question in every case IS
whether the hoisting of the white
flag was authorized by the senior Of
ficer.
In consequence, when the flag is
hoisted the enemy need not neces-
sarily cease fire, though it is abso-
lutely incumbent on the party which
hoists the flag to do so.
For instance, during the siege or
Port Arthur in 1900. when particu-
lar fort hoisted a flag, the japanese
general, Baron Nogi, did not imme-
diately cease firing on that fort; he
looked upon it as merely the prelim-
mary to negotiation.