davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26
Tho Status Of Warfare by Asphyxia-
ton and Dusndums.

The entrance Of Italy as a bellig-
erent does o change the situation
either with regard to the Declara-
ton Concerning Asphyxiating Gases
or with regard to the Declaration
Concerning Expanding Bullets. italy
signed both declarations and ratified
them OF September 4. 1900.
In the chaos of International law.
In the wrack Of the treaty comnacts
designed to prevent unnecessary suf.
ferlng IN war and to protect ms far
as possible the lives and property
and civil rights of the innocent. the
neutral and the non-combatant. these
Two obligations solemnly undertaken
by all the Governments now Mt war
remain mistaken. They have not
been invalidated by the entrance into
war OF a nation not a party to them.
az Is the case with so many Of the
humane provisions OF The Hague 20
which THE Sun has from time 10
time called attention. They have
not expired by II Limitation inherent
In their own terms. as were the en- se.
after five years. with the parallel
declaration of the first conference
at The Hague prohibiting the launch
Ing Of projectiles or explosives from
balloons. The compact concerning
asphyxiating ga ses and that concern
Ing expanding bullets have survived
the ruin Of most Of the tablets in the
Palace Of Peace. The two obligations
are binding. The W. treaties are
alive: the violation OF either Is a ma
tional dishonor.
We APPEND n list Of the b~elliger.
ents who have made the foregoing
compacts and upon whom the pro-
visions Of the Declaration Concerning
Asphyxiating Gases and the Declara-
tion Concerning Expanding Bullets
are n valid obligation:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26
BY their surroundings, NJ. LAvrpAN

BY their surroundings, NJ. LAvrDAN
says, to learn the language Of their
captors. not merely for use in promot-
Ing their immediate comfort but as an
additional military equipment for the
future. when we are finally vfctori-
ous," French officers at home are say
Ing, then more than ever, in the army
and out Of 1t, must we continue to
learn German"
On the possibility that breaking
down the barrier of language might
lead to better understanding. to soft
ening Of preiudices, perhaps even TO
modified enmity, the French writer is
silent. The majority Of his country
men. he says, animated by their legiti-
mate hate. wish that henceforth there
he no more relations Of any sort with
Germany. Nothing more for the fu-
ture In common with the abhorred ma
tion." is their platform. For us she
Is dead, she exists no more"
Yet Germany will continue to ex-
list. and in the meantime the temper
Of NJ. LAvEpAN's article 10 interesting
documentary evidence that wars in
fiammatory effect on the in%tellectuals
Of learned philosophers is by no means
confined to the Herr Professors eas st
Of the Rhine.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26
lie. But the Burns law 10 an abso.

ple. But the Burns law 10 an abso-
lutte prohibition. Repeal II and uu-
der the Hewitt law. should the bill
become n law. that prohibition
ceases to be absolute. Equipped
with a franchise, the road stealers
could appeal from the property own
ers' refusal to the Supreme Court :
that court could override the will Of
the property owners; the Public Ser
vice Commission. a body OF politi-
clans. could issue a certificate OF ne
cessity, and the state Highway Com
missioner. also a politician, could
yield gracefully" and give a fatal
consent.
The Hewitt bill may he an advanr
tage to the public and a relief to
residents along the line Of the road
In so far as 1t puts the road and I'm
provements on It under State care /;
but whatever its merits. 1t Is by con
tlnual successful resistance to the ef.
forts to get the Burns law out Of the
way that the Albany post road will
he maintained for the public benefit
and pleasure.
A secondary lfne Of defence Is all
right the first must never be surren.
dered.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26
TREES IN NEW FORK.
VIII the Fallen Decorations Ever BE
Replaced?

To THE EDITOR OF THE suN-Ssr: The
letter in THE SuN OF sunday written by
an old New Yorker no doubt expresses
the sentiment OF all the other old New
Workers who read II SUN. and nearly
all do.
What we are wondering Is: VIII the
trees YER be replaced hat have
been destroyed by all the improvements
in New York, and II so will We live
long enough to see them grow as high
as the old ones so ruthlessly destroyed
not only at Union Square but at the
Battery and Bryant Park?
At Bryant Park the work In now An
ished. and II behooves our Park De-
partment TO see that new trees are
planted at once. We were told when
the subway was finished or upper Broad
way that the trees would be replaced {;
some were. and have done well. but
many more are needed.
As for tho beautiful avenue of trees
once there. TO many minds eve Amer
han the famous Inter den Linden. II
will now only be a memory TO old New
Workers. A. W.
NEW YORK, May IS.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26
More Sociology.

This priceless document In the his
tory OF sociology vas printed in q
Washington despatch to THE SUN:
Separate colleges for women in the
United States should be abolished and
~coeducation substituted. according to
Professor ROSWELL JOHNSON and BHR-
TIA J. srurzMANN Of tho University of
Pittsburs. This conclusion IL based on
tho charge that women's colleges con-
tribute largely to race suicide among the
best elements Of the American populs-
ton"
This large and peremptory conclu-
sion seems 10 be founded on the an
mails Of Wellesley College, which has
too many unmarried graduates and
whose married graduates don't have
children enough to please the inves-
tigators. Every married woman
should bear four children" or the pop
ulation will not e. remain station
airy, Wellesley's welded alumne
have an average of only one and a
half. Wellesley students, poor things !
are not allowed Ito receive men
callers even on sunday" While de
ploring the cruelty OF the Wellesley
rules we must still be allowed TO say
that possibly the less the girls see
OF men the more likely they are to
want TO marry them. Besides. In the
long summer and other vacations men
are not taboo, are they7
The Wellesley fair can speak for
themselves, II they think II worth
while. We have read a good many
tales about women's colleges, but
ne'er Il true one; and the crime CT
cel!bacy. and II they are yoked the
crime OF too few children. is charged
against their graduates no often as
to be tedious. Figures TO the con-
trary are usually submitted, but what
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26
A SHIP ON A SHIP.
French Naval Architects Plan for y
Life Saving float.

To " EDITOR OF THE SuN-Str: A
letter In THE Sun suggests the substftu-
ton OF RATS. floats, SC, for boats sus-
pended from davlts as more practical
and even less expensive than the life
saving equipment now employed, l
would Ike to call the attention OF your
correspondent and other readers 20 the
fact that some years ago "A valuable
prize was offered for the invention OF
an ideally practical life saving plant.
As a result It vas found that a very
large and seaworthy float could be
made by building the tabove water Incl
section occupied by the bridge into an
independent, ship. as II were, In every
sense of the word. By turning two large
set screws the secondary craft, having
been kept constantly stocked with pro-
visions. &c, for a voyage Of several days.
could be made to glide OF into the sea
with all on board This invention was
given TO the world long before the three
sea tragedies mentioned by your CORE
spondent and before the perfection OF the
gaso.ene ,,gtne TIE giant llfeboat
propelled by a tsay) 200 horsepower
modern marine motor could under ordi-
nary weather conditions make a long
voyage quite safely.
am vague as TO details. but h
essential facts OF the case are as above
stated. This boat upon a boat" was.
| believe, designed BY a French naval
architect and pronounced practical by a
number OF Judges selected as men Of
thorough training and extended expe-
rience both IN the navigation and con
~struction OF seagoing vessels.
RHApIR.
REA HARRINGTON. Mass, May rs.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26

The trial Of the superintendent Of
the children's hospital and schools on
Randall's Island has resulted In the
dismissal from the service Of that off,
cial, on charges which included fail
ure to make proper provision against
communicable disease, lax super
vision of the distribution Of food to
inmates, neglect Of flre drills and Of
other precautions to insure the vel
fare Of those committed to the insti-
tuition. The allegation that the su-
p~erintendent permitted brutal and
inhumane treatment Of the children
was not sustained. In the opinion Of
the acting Commissioner Of Charities
who heard the evidence:
Tt was shown that children were
treated brutally and inhumanely that
they were placed in straitjackets and re-
straininG sheets without the order of
physicians"
The testimony did not sustain the
charge that the superintendent was
responsible for these things, however.
although II was shown that the
plight Of the children on the Island
was far worse than the public sup.
posed and vas justified in supposing
II to b. The provision for the main
tenance Of the inmateS II not liberal,
has at least been sufficient to furnish
Thorn the ordinary comforts Of life.
and the regulations adopted for their
g~overnance were designed to protect
their health and morals. The en-
forcement Of these provioions Is now
officially declared to have been lax,
with results highly detrimental to
wards Of the public peculiarly help
less and appealing.
What seems to have happened is
that the institutions, like so many
others Of a similar kind. came to a
stage in which they were conducted
not for the benefit OF those for whom
they were established but primarily
for the guardians appointed to care
for them. The infants came Ia st. In
stead Of first. IN the consideration Of
those in authority, with the inevi.
table result OF abuses that grew into
scandals. The superintendent who
has now been dismissed held ONCE
for twenty-three years. and this long
tenur may account in some mea sure
for the relaxation Of discipline and
consequent subordination Of the in
mates to those put over them.
Yet It Is apparent that a rigid
system Of inspection BY the higher
city authorities should have disclosed
the tendencies and weaknesses OF the
institution before they reached the
state now disclosed. For this res
son those who have allowed the stu
alton that has been revealed to es-
tabllsh itself are not to he acQult-
ted Of responsibility. and the reforms
on Randall's Island must be accom-
panied by a stricter independent
watchfulness II they are to bring
about permanent: good results.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26
The Wicked American Majority.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SrS-Sfr: Char
lotte A. Morton's letter In to-day's SUN
exactly voices my own sentiments re-
garding the general unneutral attitude
OF the majority OF Americans toward the
Germans, II seems a gre8, pity that
the general pubic seems TO have for
gotten entirely anything good pertaining
either TO the Germans or Germany.
True. the public Is ever fckle. but
when this war In over and the news
papers are less partisan perhaps many
will remember how much Germany ard
the Germans have done for the good and
upl!ft and advancement of mankind dur
ing this century.
But will the Germans ever forget the
insults and unfairness shown them by
Americans at this time? l think not.
Those who have lived In Germany
and have really known tho kindly. OPEN
hearted hospitable Germans will never
cease to regret having lost the conf
dence and good will Of this splendid
nation LYDIA w. PAYNE.
Bridgeport. Conn. May "a.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26
UNTTARIANS TO KEEP NAME.
Change Not TO Re Made at Present
Association Decides.

BOSTON. May 2b.--It was decided that
the name OF the Unitarian denom,na-
tion VIII not be changed for the present.
the American Unitarian Association hav-
ing adopted at It's annual meeting to-day
a report OF a special commission, headed
by President Emeritus Charles w. Eliot
OF Harvard University. that il would he
inexpedient To attempt to abolish or sup
plant the UNCONVENTIONAL name.
The treasurer. Henry NJ. Williams, re-
ported that the assets OF the association
mad increased from $500, 900 In 1900 10
s2.50G,G 600 IA 1913,
The outbreak Of the var caused the
postponement Of a world tour 'in the
interest Of the sympathy OF religions and
world brotherhood" according 10 the re-
port OF the secretary. tho Rev Charles
W. Wendte Of Boston
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26
German for French Beginners.

Discussing in a recent number Of
IIHusfrdtion the present and future
standing Of the German language in
France. HENRI LAyEDAN. of the
French Academy. with obvious re-
luctnnce. admits that now and after
the var Frenchmen must 60 on learn
ing to read. write and speak German.
Not that he IL in the least an admirer
OF GoErHE's and ScHILIER's vernacu-
lar. The title OF his article. The Ac-
cursed Tongue" hardly suggests an
a%ffectionate bias. He writes:
Never loved. to-day It 1.-THE German
languaxel has become odious Those
who not long & knew &. and spoke
/, when they could not avoid It, fully
agreed nat It was the ugliest, the harsh
est and most disagreeable Of ongue
Notwithstanding the snobbishneas with
which We tolerated It when II was sung,
Il was ever decorating to our ears. Music
itself. despite the breadth. the album
dance. tho hexibility and the grace Of
It's methods. could only with infinite dir
fculty drag and tow along the heavy
weight of those 100 k~ilogramms phrases
which II had the terrible task Of swing
ing; and Notwithstanding all It's efforts
Il only succeeded In underscoring, with
out softenins, the btstiins horrors o,
the accents."
Since the war. the French writer
says, the German language for his
countrymen has become intolerable,
so that to see II written outrages and
eXasperates them, and to hear 1t and
speak II IL a cruel torture. SO much
Is this the case that some Frenchmen
have even sworn that the German Ian.
guage after the war shall be banished
not only from French studies but
everywhere, that II shall be chased
out Of France, out OF our minds and
out Of our mouths like the worst OF
pestilences"
But while NJ LAvEDAN IL sencimen-
tally IN hearty sympathy with this
htbtuuV' ii'lb lHc SAHlIu Dolut VI utll-
lty he questions It's soundness. II you
have an enemy, he argues, II Is useful
to know the language he speaks, and
the more dangerous the enemy the
more important Is the mastery OF this
key 10 his thoughts VI, LAvEDAN
foresees, after the present war. a Ger
man tpfiltr0t1On Into Franco similar
to that mining, sapping and spying In
vas!on from the same quarter which
preceded and followed tho war Of
1S70-T. This future invasion must
not have the advantage Of being par
TALLY screened oy ar unknown tongue.
As painful but patriotic duty
Frenchmen must apply themselves d!l-
igently to learning German, Already
French prisoners in Germany are act.
ting the example. They are pronting
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26
ARMS 70 BELLIGERENTS.
Jefferson's 1898 Opinion Quoted for
the Benefit Of ComplalnAnts.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Str: Early
last winter tho Cologne Gazette COM
pressed into ono truly Kultural sentence
the grievance most noisily detained by
Its near American compatriots:
II the United States is really neutra,
II must compel the granting OF permis.
sion to furnish and sell wal materials ia
Germany and Austria.
The reason why we must DO moth
ing of the kind IL thus set forth In Ian
guage equally forceful and succtnct by
our most famous Democratic statesman
Our citizens have been always free to
make. sell and export arms. II is the
constant occupation and livelihood Of soms
Of them. To suppress their callinga the
only means perhaps Of their subsistence.
because a war exists In foreign and dis
tant countries in which we have no COZ
Germ, would scarcely be expected. II
would be hard in principle and impossible
in practice. The law Of %nations. there
fore. respecting the right Of those at
peace. does not require from them such
an Internal arrangement In their occupa-
lions. II ia satisfied with the external
penalty pronounced In the Presidents
proclamation. that of confscation OF such
portion Of such arms as shall fall into the
hands OF any OF the beiligerent Powers
on their WAY u inv p'Ie VI Nh' WV"
mics. To this penalty our citizens are
warned that they will be abandoned. and
that even private contraventions may work
no inequality between the parties at war.
re benefits Of them tctu be left eQudHv
free and open to all.
To those unselflsh souls who In their
bi-patriotic zeal would embroil us In n
strife with which neither they nor we
have any proper concern We commend
especially this final phrase. wherein Is
exhibited both our own determined neu-
trality and the complete liberty OF all
or sundry ito furnish or sell war ma
terlals to Germany n Austria The
permission" therefore exists we op-
viously cannot compel" the p~etitioning
parties to avail of II.
Lest he be censured for an unwonted
clarity and visor OF expression In a
state paper. II may be kind to explain
that Mr.. william J. Bryan Is not the
author OF the foregoing declaration. 1t
Is the answer OF Mr.. Thomas Jefferson
to an English complaint that the French
were getting war materials o the
United States. II u as sound American
doctrine In 1915 as Il was in 1898. The
fact h another mans OF 10 o be-
ing gored does not affect what Mr.. Will
son has termed the rules OF the game"
C. p. N.
MoHRIsrowN, N. j.. May "a.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26
M IS WELL FED.
Efficient Government Control Assures
Its Peoples Comfort.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-Sir: 1r
an article In THE Sun I read that In
the German town of K0nigsberg the
municipality had seized all the cattle In
the city n that the GOOD meat had
been sent out to the officers In the bat
tlefeld, and the rest Of It which Is not
beyond reproach was sold to the starry
ing %populace at very high prices.
This article is not quite right. ALLOW
me to rectify you error. You ave or
entirely wrong opinion Of Germany.
The killing Of all the pork In the
whole country Is ruled and regulated
by the Government, so hat rich and
poor get an equally good piece for their
money. Besides this, all the towns over
a certain population have bought and
aid up tpickled and smokey grea,
stores of meat in case OF a scarcity. SC
that people who have a modest or com
paratively small income should get meat
at a moderate price.
I know n nrm who kill weekly $500
pigs. OF these they are obliged to pickle
1900. and the other thousand they ara
permitted to sell to the public. A rela-
tive 1t mine In a partner In the Arm.
Tn Government q regulated the
prices OF potatoes. -four. feed for the
cattle. &c. so that 20 far no one ha
seen or felt anything Of the starvation
that England pronounce their sreai
work. in the papers. I only wish and
hope hat should the United States ever
be in a similar situation the Govern
ment OF the United States may be able
and will do their duty Is the German
Government has done toward Its people
and subjects.
I have lived here In Germany for a
number of years. although raised In
the United States. and I must say with
admiration I have watched the movina
tactics In the German country in every
direction. Everything takes It's natural
course and goes on as before the war.
My great wish Is TO give the Ameri-
can people a correct idea of this coun-
try. for when / e and hear OF al
the He's and Islander which are spread
about this country. mainly by the Eng
ltsh, Il turns me sick sometimes with
laughter. sometimes with disgust
So far We have all been we'll fed
clothed and taken good care Of. so tina,
there 10 no cause for alarm.
tMr) ID. LSyyIn,
Nee Telle of st. Louis.
HALLE A. g.. April 20.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26
The Albany Post Road Again.

BY Governor WuITMAN's admirable
veto or the Slater bin the Burns law.
which certain traction %grabbers have
been for years trying TO get repealed,
remains on the statute book. 20 the
protection OF the public. Of residents
along the Albany post road, and Of
the great number OF persons using
that highway. The Hewitt bill makes
m post road a State highway and
forhids the construction OF q trolley
on 1t without the consent OF the State
Highway Commissioner. The bill is
described by its friends ms n second
ary line OF defence. II the Burns law
should ever be repealed, then the IIew.
ut measure would still hamper the
dangerous schemes Of the trolley PEG.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26
TtpperNu.
A now version.


! Am going now to Tippera-y, WIN the
Danaan mists I'll 70.
Where the silvery streamietA simmer
ana tho skies In spiendor g1owi
The sedges whisper. and the
wheeling curlews sayt
Leave your cows ana dalry
For the Land of Fairy,
Tipperary far awayI"
! am on now 10 Ttpperaryi In As YER
durous vslleys there
J shall hear the harp Of OsSan n
glimpse bright Caoilts's hair;
Shall hear the Red Branch chorus on
the echoins Gaitees gray
leave your cows n dairy
For the Land of Fairy.
Tipperary far Awsyi"
! must HE me now to T~pperary; farew ea,
o world 30 cold:
! will dwell with the stdhs foih sAry. VINO
ne'sr grow sad or Old;
In the winds I hear their voices a-cafi-
ms night and day.
Leave your cows and dairy
For the Land of Fatry.
TSppsrary far awayr"
y y. DcllAlA
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26

business IL It Of the sociological
Investigators anyway? The college
men are similarly accused. What
does It all amount to? The extinc.
ton Of the old American stock" Is
'hastened' by that insensibility OF
perversity Of the college women. Most
people Of "old" or younger American
stock" don't 20 to college; but why
worry about that stock? There are
plenty Of other "stccks'; there are
swarms Of children. The supply OF
population is inexhaustible.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26
MIDSUMMER UNDERGROUND.
Premature Starting OF subway Pans
Called 10 Oficial Attention.

To THE EDITOR or THE suN-Sir: With
n cool temperature of So degrees this
morning, and half OF Brooklyn wearing
o~vercoats, those Internal whirligigs In
the tube between New York n Brook
Ign were In full swing. sending chills
down ones neck and over ones body.
II would be well II the solicitude OF
the company for public health could be
restrained from manifestations while the
temperature Is less han 10 degrees.
NEW YORK. May IS. BINGHAM.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26
New York, NJ
British Prohibition OF Nom %Ontraband
Goods 10 Neutral Ports.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-Str; Tho
attitude OF the British Government. as
outlined IN It's now famous Order In
Council. 10 not only ignoring the legal
rights OF American citizens to import
non-contrUband goods through neutral
ports but II Ia causing the Government
OF tho United States n loss OF revenue.
through loss OF customs duties, running
into millions Of dollars. A firm stand
by our State Department in defence of
tho rights of American citizens would
soon alter all this. IRvINo =. FAVOR
NEW YORK. May rs.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26
Missouri Towns Community Houss..

Magnolia 10 an entsrprising village In
johnson county Things were pretty dull!
for the ci,issns and . few Of them rot to-
Eether and started something. That some
thing Is q community house on q new
plan, A seoond story wa built over a
store by labor contributed by the citisens.
A stage was put IN. 400 chairs provided.
ana now Magnolia has It's own 'opry
house" Play are given svsry now ana
then By amateur talent from Magnolia and
~neixhbortns towns The proJsos y self.
supporinG.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-26
Bccker's Conviction and the Constitu-
tional Convention.

The chronology Of the Becker case
IL Of particular interest at this time.
because the Constitutional Conven-
ton Is expected to deal seriously and
effectively with the laws delays. The
principal dates In this aus are: