davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

Japan and Australia. and also several
of the steamers of other lines. \ num-
her of the steamers flying the British
flag. but principally owned by Anerl-
cans also changed to the flag of the
United States. as they were enabled to
do through the legislation OF congress
permitting American registry
The stagnation of the shipping of the
splendid harbor did not last long. ia
pan came forward a commercial as
we'll as political and military ally OF
Great Britain. She established new
steamship service between Japanese
ports and Vancouver and other Puget
sound ports. This affords sufficient ia
cilities for the cargoes that heretofore
have been carried in British bottoms.
When the war is over it is not pre-
sumed that Japan, having given this
neighborly aid to her ally, will care to
withdraw the steamship service she has
established. British bottoms may find
fewer Cargoes than before hostilitfes,
but that is one of the incidents of
nation going to war.
The Russian volunteer fleet also
helped to fill the gap caused by the
withdrawal of the Canadian-Pacif1c
steamers. This was more a military
move than a commercial one on the
part of Russia. The ships were needed
to transport munitions to Vladivostok.
Seattle has not had a monopoly as
the port of shipment for war material.
1t is pretty well understood that Cana
dian plants have had rush orders from
the Russian government both for mu-
nitions and for steel rails These have
been carried by the Canadian trans
pacific lines to Vancouver and then
shipped in Japanese and Russian or
American vessels, as happened to oe
most available.
The mineral industries of British Co
lumbia suffered severe depre ssion i'm
mediately following the opening of the
war. This was not entirely due to the
war. but was accentuated by it. Some
of the copper and lead industries shut
down, and this resulted in a decrease
in coal and coke production for the
Smelters.
In the British Columbia mines gold
and silver are associated with copper,
and silver and zinc with lead in much
of the ore. The falling off in copper
and lead production consequently not
only restricted the output of coal, but
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

perially and politically as a corner in
the British empire, it has marked inn
portance. This is not only on account
of the present patriotic fever. but be-
cause of tradition and early settle
ment.
No corner of Novs Scotia or Ottawa.
where the descendants of the loyalists
who were driven out of New England
and the south during the revolution
still preserve the grievances of their
ancestors, and on that account are more
intensely British than the born Britons,
is as thoroughly English as Victoria.
1t is mirror of transplanted tradi-
tions, customs and manners.
~
AS the seat of provincial government,
the official encourage is looked up to
with all the veneration that born Eng
lishmen have for official caste.
In Victoria all business used to be
over at o'clock in the afternoon. There
were cricket and other sports, tea and
the usual social intercourse, full dress
dinners and late supper. The villas and
gardens on the outskirts of the British
city are as near English as they can be
made in that climate.
Hustling Canadians, who were filled
with the active commercial spirit of
Vancouver and shared the indifference
of that growing port to traditions and
overseas class distinctions, used to jeer
at Victoria. Sometimes, too, they would
go there. as they said. for repose.
Victoria at one period harbored many
of the cast-offs of British aristocracy,
who were known as remittance men,"
These were principally ne'er-do-wells,
who had been sent out by their families,
usually with small allowances.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

Others think only of the need of the
moment, are forced into the first en-
ployment that shows up and when the
necessity is met, they stop thinking,
until hunger or the desire for a new
dress drives them to work again. 1t is
true, however, that the work which
girl does is more often dictated by
home ties than the work done by the
boy"
Turning to another one of the sta
tistical tables. Miss Conyugton pointed
to a list of score of Industries rum
ming the whole gamut of the unskilled
trades.
This shows you the sort of work
which women do who have no training
for any kind of a vocation. You see
all of them are wholly routine. tread
work, tiresome and soul-killing. l
might make an exception of the choco-
late clippers, the makers of boxes when
the latter are somewhat fancy and the
coremakers. These do require certain
degree of skill, which makes them cor
respondingly enlivening."
Miss Conyngton followed with her
finger a list including pottery making.
the manufa cture of needles and pins.
cigars, corsets, the fashioning of bolts,
nuts and screws, which she declares IL
particularly Inappropriate for the wom-
an worker: the making of clocks,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29
RUSSIANS TURN TO
TEA AND LEMON

1r HAT the prohibition in Russia of
u the alcoholic drink vodka will
have its effect upon the lemon dealers
of America is a fact of recent interest
to the Department of Commerce. From
vodka to lemons is rather a far cry,
but the connecting link is the use of
tea The greater part of the popula-
ton of Russia is now drinking this
beverage as a substitute for alcohol.
and the use of lemons with 1t is almost
universal. Previous to the war the
Russian market was supplied with
lemons from Messina, Italy. Most of
these shipments were made by sea to
Odessa, and in some instances through
the Russian Baltic ports.
These sea routes are now not open.
and few shipments have been effected
since the closing of the Dardanelles.
Russian dealers are interested IN Sc
curing American quotations on lemons,
though formerly the Italian fruit has
been preferred. The Improvement of
shipping conditions is 4 necessary fac
tor to American trade, f. she transit
from the United States to Russia Is an
obstacle.
The recent retail price of lemons in
Russia has naturally made the market
an interesting one to American dealers,
for lemons have been high as 10 and
IS cents apiece. Immediately after war
was declared this high price was forced
by certain wholesale dealers who re-
stricted the supply. hoping to make II
last through the winter. The result
was that all classes considered these
prices prohibitive and lemons practical
ly disappeared from use.
The demand, however, is a very pres
emit one. and the practicability of trade
is an interesting problem to the De-
partment of Commerce The consump-
ton of refined sugar, too. has increased
enormously in Russia. Large supplies
are purchased for the army and by the
population, for non-alcoholic drinks
have proved a necessary substitute for
vodka
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

The remittance men, at the time that
Calgary was big cattle center, would
go that far to engage, as they put 1t,
in ranching. Many of them would also,
mines When sober they were not bad
fellows. Whether on the train or on
the lake boats of the Kootenay, or out
on the ranch, they always had the
latest London reviews aA~l usually the
latest book. When their regular quar-
terly remittance came they would go
on their regular quarterly sprees.
The sturdy Canadians on the ranches
and in the wheatfields and in the mines
had a contempt for the remittance men
which bordered on hatred. But the
official and business circles of Victoria
were hospitable to them They had
birth, or most of them had, and also
breeding, and they were assumed to
preserve the British social traditions
So they were welcomed.
X
Whatever their trailties. the remit
lance men of British Columbia and the
Canadian northwest were intensely pa
triotic AS class they were losing
their identity and becoming fewer when
the war came. Then most Of them
ceased to be remittance men. They
went home to fight, and they formed,
in proportion to their numbers. a full
quota of Canadas human contribution
to the war.
The economic contribution is more OF
the northwest provinces than of Brit
ish Columbia, although the mineral re-
sources have some value to the allies.
and the lumber resources have also
proved valuable.
England's supply of foodstuffs, how
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29
Northwest Canada and British Columbia

clude them did not strengthen the
Hindu sentiment in behalf Of England
In the pending war. Some OF the lead
ers who went back to India were prose-
bians cite this evidence that IL they
had been allowed to settle themselves
in Canada they would have been trea-
sonable. but this is far-fetched in
ference.
A more serious problem has been in
regard to the population from the coun-
tries of central Europe which are at
war with England. The ma jority of
persons of German birth or origin set
tied in Canada are in the eastern prov
inces. although there are some on the
coast, and some in the northwest agri-
cultural districts. If they do not share
the patriotic feeling of other Canadians
they make few demonstrations OF their
indifference.
Some concern was felt a few months
ago over the attitude of the subjects of
Austria, mostly Galicians. who were
settled in the remoter sections of the
wheat-growing provinces. Several wears
ago. in connection with the immigration
propaganda, several Galirian colonies
were encouraged. These Galician fami-
lies, chiefly in order to give them the
benefit of example in farming. were set
tied among Canadian farmers. There In
no large group of them in any one
section. and if they have natural bias
for Austria Hungary, their surround
ings are not such to make them vo-
ciferous in the expression of their sym
pathy.
The settlements of Russian Mennon-
ties are no menace. although the
Mennonites do not believe in war, and
do not share the veneration of the
Russian pea SAINTS for the car.
Many of the immigrants Of European
origin were also drawn from the United
States, especially the Scandinavians of
the northwest. Few of these Scandt-
navians are anti British in their feel
lnPS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29
The Better Shout.

NIoMER RoADHEAvER. the musical
director of an evangelist, said in
a temperance address at San Francisco:
"Once, on a visit to England. l noticed
that the ragmen, instead of shouting
Rags, bones, old iron" as we all do.
shouted Rags and bottles! Rags and
bottles!'
81 asked an English ragman one day:
why do you yell for rags and bot
ties especially? What's the point of itf'
well, SIR he answered, the point of
it is that my experience has shown me
that wherever there's bottles there's
bound to be rags"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

lessness and Indifference of big BUSH
ness.
Il am not saying that it would not
be within the province of the labor
bureau to keep a check upon women
in the home as we'll the so-called
wage-earner. Though she may not
draw regular pay. the mother of the
family works as valiantly as the wom-
an in the cannery, and in many cases
under as adverse conditions. An in
vestigation along this line would bring
out surprising facts, l warrant you.
However, as much as we would like to
help the individual householder, it is
quite impossible with only 100000 a
year for the whole bureau to cover
more than the women who work in
groups, the employees of stores, smell
tiers. mills and the like. The Depart
ment of Agriculture. through its
sus bureau partly cover the work of
the woman in the home"
When Miss Conyngton was asked to
draw some generalization as to the
woman worker as a whole. she replied:
Women work under such different
circumstances and for such variety
of motives that it is impossible to
draw any close generalization. If you
care to take this as generalization,
the majority of women who work have
some one dependent upon them
This may sound startling to the un-
sophisticated Investigator. who shares
the prevalent notion that girls who go
out to work do so for pin money. In
every branch of industry which we
have studied we find quite the con-
trary to be true. Not more than per
cent of wage-earning girls are rib
bon-earners'
Turning to one of the nineteen VOL
umes which form a complete ref
erence library for this woman statis-
tician, she ran her finger through a
maze of figures and culled out these
statements:
"of girls and boys over sixteen years
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

lead plants Of New York and New Jer-
sey, brought the attention of half a
hundred lead manufacturers in the
matter of protecting their working
women.
The basis of the agreements between
employer and employees, following
strikes in the clothing industry of New
York, was from the data obtained in
the women's division. The industrial
commission of Wisconsin based its
rules governing the power laundry
plants of that state on facts which are
set forth by Miss Obenauer in her bull
letin on Power Laundries." Steps are
being taken to safeguard the health
of workers in the paint industry.
Miss Conyngton speaks thus of the
future:
I'VE have spent considerable time in
Investigating what women earn, the
earning capacity and other things of a
somewhat wholly economical charac-
ter What l would like to see done
would be an Investigation of the phys
biological effect of the various trades
on women. making revelations of vital
Importance to the state. and leading
the way toward the solution of per-
picking social questions. 1t is difficult
to say how such an investigation could
be conducted. They tried something
The register of the strength machine
showed that the person tested was
stronger after two hours work in the
factory than before she started
"A complexity of conditions must be
taken into consideration when con-
Quoting a test of this kind. The fact
of the case was probably this: The
woman had without doubt slept in
room with several others, in a foul
atmosphere. Then she had hurried
about the house in order to get as
much of the homework out of the way
as possible before going to work. So
when the test was first made she was
at a point of fatigue greater than after
she had been in the fresher air Of the
factory performing the steady. unhur-
ried duties.
THE investigation which We are be-
ginning now is to find out how the
killing and manning of the breadwin-
ner of the family affects the family
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29
The Gas Attack.

VIZ LILLIAN THAW. the young Pitts
w burgh millionaire who is serving
as an aviator in the French army, sent
home the other day an interesting
story.
Mr.. Thaw said that he saw. one after
noon. a squad of men staggering back
to quarters from German gas attack.
The poisonous gas had turned their
dark hair and their boards a bright
yellow Mr.. Thaw pointed out this
to a young captain. The
captain smiled family through his pale
gold whiskers and painted in a weak
voice:
How Madeline would have enjoyed
that Scrimmage""
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29
BY CHARLES M. PEPPER.

1.-The outpost of British imperial
defense on the Pacific coast is
III assumed to be at Esquimalt.
q This really means the outlying
defense of Vancouver. Victoria and a
long stretch of Pacific coast territory.
When the British imperial policy was
modified to meet the growing spirit
of Canadian nationality Esquimalt.
like Halifax. nominally was turned
over to the Dominion authorities, but
there has been no real change. The
British fleet and not the Dominion
forces is the real defense of north
west Canada and British Columbia.
There is not need of defense in the
ordinary sense, since Germany. even
at the beginning of the war. had no
vessels in the Pacific which could strike
at Vancouver. The real advantage of
the British naval station on the Pa
cifc is the opportunity it offers to take
the offensive. That is usually consid-
cred the best sort of defense.
Little has been heard of the operations
Of the British warships out of Van
couver, but they have maintained the
patrol of the whole Pacific coast down
TO the Straits of Magellan. At the out
break of hostilities they Immediately
shut off the commercial activities of
the German merchant marine.
The Kosmos line. which was sub
sidiary of the Hamburg American line,
had made Vancouver its northern ter
minal. Its ships had traversed the en-
tire west coast, and, passing through
the straits. had followed their regular
course to the German ports The Kos
mos line was getting ready to take ad-
vantage of the Panama canal for its
valua bile trade along the west coast.
The presence of the British warships,
with convenient base at Vancouver,
ended this project and caused the Ger
man merchant ships which happened
to he atioat to intern.
The opening of hostilities caused
stagnation in the worlds shipping
which conferred at Vancouver The
British admiralty commendeered the
finest of the Canadian-Pacific's line to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

Defense Pacific Coahe Real Advantage
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES Maintains Patrol Of the Whole Coast
of Wheat Remittance Men,
of of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

can place some dependence on the
Canadian wheat supply a means of
feeding her people and keeping down
prices if the bumper crop of the United
States should not be sufficient for this
purpose.
The value of the wheat crop of the
Canadian northwest to England has
been greatly enhanced by the opening
of the Panama canal. 1t has not yet
been hxed just where the line will
run which makes 1t more profitable to
send the wheat of the Canadian north
west to the Pacific coast and thence
than to ship 1t across the continent to
Halifax and the other Atlantic ports.
Several years experience will be neces-
sary to determine that point. but ship
not far west of Winnipeg. and 1t is re-
ported that larger quantities OF the
northwest crop will go through Van
couver for shipment through the canal
this year.
There have been some problems in
British Columbia and the Canadian
northwest over the status of foreigners
and their attitude in the war. This does
not apply to the peoples of the orient
British Columbia, by imposing a
heavy head tax on the Chinese, in spite
of the objections of the Dominion gov
fee. has restricted Chinese immiGra
ton. Japanese immigration. Of a tenn
porary character. needed in working
the salmon fisheries. has been winked
at, but since the opening of the war
there has been no cause Of friction over
either the Chinese or the Japanese pop
ulation.
One trouble has been with subjects
of the British empire. The efforts of
some Hindus of prominence to plant a
Hindu colony in British Columbia, on
the ground of their rights as subjects
of the British empire, brought them
into sharp collision with the authori-
ties.
The rough-house methods used to ex-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

of age contributing to the family in
come. the girls contribute only l per
cent less than the boys. although their
average income is 500 a year less.
Again, while the father generally bears
the brunt of the family budget. 3S.9 per
cent comes from the wage-earning
daughter. This table relates specifical-
ly to the cotton textile industry, but it
holds true of the glass industry as
well, and the silk and garment fac
tories of New York. Philadelphia and
Boston"
In answer to the query as to whether
she had been able to discern whether
the girl looked upon her work in as
serious a light rs the boy who would
eventually have the responsibility of
family on his hands, she said:
II cannot say that the girl who earns
her own living-not professional work
ers. as I know nothing of them-has
any less defined aim than the boy who
labors. Both are actuated by such a
variety of considerations that one SIM
ply Is at a loss to classify them In
some cases the girl has a clearly de-
fined goal at the end of her long in
dustrial road, toward which she works
with all of the concentration and pur-
pose displayed by a serious man. Again
openings occur as she goes along and
she unconsciously drops into them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

whether the wife has to go out as the
wage Garner, whether the children are
taken out of school to supplement the
smaller wages given to the woman. In
short. We are going to see just what
the workmen's compensation act does
for the individuals of the family az
fected.''
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29
LAUNDRY WORKERS.

Wmen Division Statistics Aids
What the Wodgmen Compensation Act Fanies-An Interview With
M K Has Succeeded Of the
dtons Which
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

EIFiE activities of the womens
division of labor statistics of
the Department of Labor have
& been kept somewhat in the back
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-07-07
NOTICE TO THE PUBLIC

AS my wife, Mrs. Olof Johnson, has
left my bed and board will not be
responsible for any bills contracted by
her.
OLOF JOHNSON,
Genesee, R. F. D. l.
Dated July 9Th, 1915 $50
The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1915-07-07

Shopping bags and purses seem to
he dwindling somewhat in size, but are
still SO constructed that they carry
about all the requisites for the shop
ping tour And no matter how few
their fittings, the small but very good
little mirror is never absent. In the
newest bags it Is either inserted in
the flap or fastened to the bag with
narrow ribbon or tape. In many
of these bags the small coin purse Is
fastened to the frame with a long,
slender chain, SO that it cannot be
lost.
A variety Of shapes is shown In the
group of bags pictured here. Seal,
pin-seal and morocco are the most
fashionable feathers. Innings in flow
erred silks showing small blossoms on
ia light ground are the most dainty
and the most popular.
Some OF these small bags carry a
mirror, tiny comb, a powder box,
small dat hat brush, and diminutive
scent bottle, besides, Of course, the
ever-present mirror, the small coin
purse, and sometimes card case.
Every one of the articles is found to