Evening star., 1915-06-20

chivalric rite with soiemnity truly
romantic. The street is for industry
and for insurrection: the house is the
place for romantics. and it is there thaf
is still conjured up noble principle
Who knows but that Warsaw may not
count for something in the arrange
ment of things after the war? Warsaw
remains the capital of literature against
Germanized.
German armies are making prodigious
efforts these days TO capture Warsaw
IF Warsaw should
What II warsaw fall, says cor
cl..1l I'LL, respondent. War
saw would not re-
main crushed, There ie In Warsaw the
sap OF resurrection. 1t is the capital
not only of country but Of a nation
of people idealist and optimist because
it is altruist. it has, the sentiment of
law and honor and even the instinct.
and il is always ready to consecrate
itself for the good of the world.
Przemysl whose name is SO Slav and
SO particularly unpronounceable is a
most important Austro- Hungarian post
situated beyond the spur of the Car
pathians. thanking the petroleum region
TO the cross roads of the railroads to
the center--Galicia. 1t is situated on
the River San in a deep hollow and
among a range of broken hills to the
line of occidental Galicia. exclusively
Polish. and to oriental Galicia. where
the Ruthenian peasants form the mass
that is to say. of two races. OF two
civilizations. of two religions
Sister races, and hostile because one
possesses riches and brilliancy with the
prestige of her exploits. while the 9TH
er remains poor-the one educated. the
other uncultfvated-one may define the
movement of Ruthenian emancipation
maintained in great part by the gold
OF Berlin as IAN artificial agitation OF
intellectual unlettered"; such was the
student who assassinated the governor
general Of the country.
Sister religions and rivals Scarcely
had Przemysl in the middle age re-
ceived bishop of the Roman Catholic
rite than a bishop of the Greek uniate
rite was appointed. Since then the
progress Of the one is jealously fol-
lowed by the other.
Thus the conditions in this important
and historic city-conditions as COM
plex and difficult as the name In the
center of this vast bourg reside thirty
thousand people. The houses are old
with Jesuit pediments. the churches
have painted roofs. serpentine spires
and what are called "baroco" domes. In
the neighborhood scattered here and
there are composite cottages. some
with heavy towers quasi dieval with
porticos. some with belvederes of the
Renaissance. The Lubomirski the
Sapieha. the most fourishing nobility
Of heraldic Poland. have their resi-
! dences here, notwithstanding the taint-
ed air of the neighborhood, tainted and
infested by the petroleum depots estab-
lished there by petroleum merchants
These merchants are Poles returned
from the United States and Brazil, q
reflux Of emigration.
Przemysl today is the Germanic CEN
tralization which resists Russia's ef-
fort to establish her
Complexities self as the teacher Of
at Przemysl. the IL ,sla. slav The, The con'lie,
it promises to be long With peace
signed We may then hear Of conflict
at Przemysl. for the people are as Diff
hcult and incomprehensible az the
name; there is friction between two
races, two ideas, two cults
Symbolical in effect was the length
Of the first siege; it was a warning to
Europe that it was necessary to at
tach more Importance to the Ruthenian
question than formerly. Then 1t in
volved the risk of losing occidental
civilization. humanitarian ideals, etc
Lemberg is the German name of the
capital of Galicia or Austria Poland.
The Poles tthe 100000 inhabitants)
claim that the real name is Lwow. pro-
nounced Lvouf, that is to say, City of
Lions or LeopoL The latter name re-
calls that Polish civilization is Latin
and Catholic, and not Slav orthodox
or Greco oriental
This city became the most populoue
Of the country by 100000 inhabitants
1t has not the sacred character of Cra-
COW, which has 100000 and was once
the residence of the King of Poland.
Cracow is the real national. intellec-
tual and religious metropolis of Polish
Rome, tllustrious by her history and
her antique original monuments Lem
oerg. whose priority is relatively re-
cent. is no less the political adminis-
trative economical capital and to its
power as a rich market it adds the
prestige of a university much more
modern than that of Cracow. which
declares itself nobly spiritualist," II
too archaic and attached to Vienna.
The University of Lemberg is honored
by another thing: it is the center of
an intense conflict. and often murder
Gus. between the Polish and Ruthenian
halves of Galicia.
Lemberg rises in region where the
Ruthenians dominate. but her proper
n
That signifies much: that the heart and
the head of the Ruthenian agglomera.
tion cannot be other than Polish What
are the Ruthenians? Not even a race
half race, which since centuries has
been secttoned into two trunks. The
one. the Ukrainian population or Little
Russian. become orthodox in the Rus
sian empire after having been Polish.
the other. the Ruthenian population, in
oriental Galicia. remained uniate Cath
olic under Polish authority. 1t is en-
tirely peasant: uncultured. laborious. and
greedy of gain. At Lemberg the Polish
race is distinguished by striking beau
ty. brilliant elegance. substantial. of q
marked activity, which turns readily
to sport, firt, fetes and races.
A part of the opulent society of Lem
berg is Americanzed, produced by emf.
grants returning from
Ex-Emigrants the United States for
in Lemberg. definiteIv' IL sorrnp.
has been obtained. Lemberg, a city
where French is less spoken than else
where. and where France is the least,
known. On the other hand. Germany
and German culture are detested. For
Vienna and Austrian science there is
more sympathy felt, the greater part OF
the functionaries and university men
and artists having taken their degrees
in Austria.
Lemberg has the aspect of new city
filled with high, spacious edif1ces. and a
palace of Austrian architecture. The