davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

Mr.. Chester Adair us having some
tiling done on his farm which will
be great help to his farm land.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

He )angrily(-see here, Betty,
what did YOU mean by keeping me
waiting here ON the corner, looking
like a fool?
she-Now. Tom, l know l kept you
waiting, but the rest you did your
self.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

The repair work and cleaning is
all complete now ON the church and
the community is surely glad of
what has been a success so far.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

Mr.. Chester Adair was able to go
out car riding one of those warm
's1unshiny days. We are glad fer
him as it helps to pass the time a.
way
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10
EAST AUDUBON TWP

eIelry schwartirg has purchased a
Ford of Chas. Faga. Now girls put
on your sweetest smile and you II
Meth tr have to walk nor stay al
home.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10
From Mans Standpoint

"What is rhaos, pa?''
1T is about the third stage in
that disease knwon as housekeeping
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

Soren sandbeck hitched his team
to the wagon and took theHolgar
Andersen and Fred Andersen fami-
lies to the Clemen Petersen dance
Saturday might Fred furnished the
music.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

The Lutl eran church people will
hold their annual picnic Wednesday
June 10Th All are invited to attend
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10
at Union next Sunday, June 18th.

Mr.. and Mrs. Daniel Artist left
last week for Their annual trip to
the west.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

H. Wedemeysr is hauling the ma
terial for a large corn crib.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10
SENSE AND
NONSENSE
The Literal Man

when you didn't have your fare,
did the conductor make you get off
and walk?"
"only get off He didn't care
whether walked or sat down"
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

Sem H ckman and Charlie Tibben
visited lends near Anita Sunday.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

c unty ana Twp road officia $
We're out this way last week. NoM
let us hope that some OF those bad
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

Mrs. Jacob Sandbeck returned
Saturday from week stay at her
daughters down by Anita.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

Mrs. Hilmer Nielsen spent Few
days at the home of her mother
Mrs. Nels Mortensen ST. last week.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

Mr.. and Mrs. Rising and son
visited with E. G. Davis Sunday
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

Mr.. Marsh Marion and Fred Wah-
ley ca h dsavtrel car Lad of
hogs to Extra last week.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

Alfred Prohaska marketed hogs
in Adair Monday.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

We believe MIS-. schwarting is the
champion poultry raiser in this terri
toiy as she has over six hundred
chicks ard they are still Matching.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

!, A good many attended the graG-
uating exercises at Audubon, Ella
Pc. ersen being enc from Hamlin to
graduate.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

Miss tMary-Becl1 is helping with
the household duties at the Chas.
Higgens home.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

Mr. and Mrs. Sherman Lange
spsni. a. shot time at the soren
sandbeck home Monday.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

Mrs. Nels Mortensen jr. gave a
party at her home last Friday it
being her sister Stella birthday.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

Audubon boys crossed bats wit
Hamlin Sunday and Hamlin Won.
to 0. Willie Rattenberg umpire.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

Remember chdldrens Day program
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

There was platform dance given
at the Clemen Petersen home in
honor of Mrs, Petersen's Goth. birth
day recently.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10
| HAMLIN
$5z5&511S1s$IssSI! 1921

Mrs. Robt Garnett was pass
Ienger TO Audubon Saturday.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10

"a beautiful young widow sat in
her deck chair in the stern and neal
her sat very handsome man. The
widowt daughter, a cute little girl
Ffl ~ . years crossed over to- the
man and said:
What's your name?'A
'Herkimer Wilkinson was the +
ply.
rs you married?"
''No; Pm bachelor
! The child turned to the mother
and said:
What csc did you tel me to ask
him mammal"
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1915-06-10
man and said

tHerkimer Wilkinson . was the +
Evening star., 1915-09-12
BY CHARLES M. PEPPER

@RUss1A's Polish prize has more
III than a military significance
Poland now becomes, for the
q time being at least, annexed
German Industrial territory. 1t forms
an addition to the economic resources
of Belgium, Luxembourg and the sec
ton of France which is occupied by
the kaiser's troops very interesting
question arises as to the value of this
annexed industrial territory as a war
resource.
Poland was the foundation on which
the great Russian minister. Serglus de
Witte. laid his plans for creating an
industrial Russia.
Warsaw and Lodz. as manufacturing
centers by their growth showed how
de Whites plans were capable of real
ization. The development of Lodz was
especially rapid 1t rose like dream.
While Warsaw and LODI are in pos
session of the German military forces
their industrial capa bilities will. in the
first place, be directed to supplying as
far as possible war munitions. 1t is
not possible. however. for these cities
to be made as useful as Liege. Bel
gium, or as the various manufacturing
towns in France which are the pres
ent source of Germany's strength Nor
is there the advantage which exists in
Luxem burg, with its nomfnally be-
nevolent occupa tion by Germany as an
unresisting neutral country, of natu-
raj resources. which are benevoiently
utilized by the military power for its
own purposes.
The reason for this deficiency as to a
reserve war resource is that Poland
lacks the raw material for basic in
dustries. De Whites plans We're car
ried out largely through the importa-
tion of raw material. just as many
German industrial centers were de-
veloped through the raw material that
was imported.
Russia's mineral resources do not lie
within the Polish pale. There is coal
in the Dombrovsk basin. In some
years the output of these mines reaches
100000 tons. This is not of the best
quality, such as the coal of the Donetz
district, but it serves industrial pur-
poses. 1t is utilized in connection with
the factories and also on the railways.
To that extent the coal is an asset for
German military authorities, but there
are no extensive iron ore beds in Po-
land. These lie chiefly in the distant
Caucasus and Ural regions. The man
ganese deposits also are in the eau
casus, and consequently the industrial
development of Poland did not include
iron and steel industries
The principal copper deposits are in
other parts of Russia than Poland.
While there are some Polish copper
mines. 1t is doubtful If these produce
more than thousand tons annually.
Germany's pressing need for copper is
well understood. but the general staff
is not likely to count the military oc-
cupation of Poland as a copper asset.
Zinc offers more encouragement.
There are zinc and lead mines, and by
Evening star., 1915-09-12

to entirely destroy the fayoring prop
critics. Some of these substitutes are
butter. sour cream. condensed milk and
skim milk powders.
The fault cannot be attributed to the
manufacturer. however. or to a failure
on the part of the consumer to appre-
ciate good cream, but to the industrial
system now in vogue, involving the
middlemen who handle the product be-
lore II reaches the consumer, according
to the man conducting the government
ice cream experiments.
AS result, some of the ice cream
purchased contains only about per
cent cream. while that made at home
contains about Is per cent. The ex-
perimental work now being carried on
by the government is done with a view
toward alleviating the experimentation
of the manufacturers to discourage
bad methods of substitution and to
educate the dairyman up to reali-
Zation Of the demand for his product
and thus to stimulate him to produce
more cream for this purpose. An ef-
fort is being especially made to have
the dairyman realize what a big mar
ket there is for his cream in ice cream
channels. The unscrupulous manu-
facturer is to be taught that there is
a marked difference in the cream
which he uses. and that the flavor of
his ice cream will be determined by
the material he uses.
Too much emphasis cannot be placed
upon the subject of quality OF cream
says this government scientist. Ice
cream is valued mainly because of its
pleasing favor and refreshing effect
Hence the presence Of any undesirable
flavor is much more Objectionable in
this product than in other staple foods.
The laboratory in which these inn
portant ice cream experiments are
being carried on is equipped in a
fashion sipilar to other chemical
steam. compressed air. electricity and
hot and cold water accessible. Mechani.
Evening star., 1915-09-12
Squaring All Hands.

6s1F HE quadruple alliance, trying to
u square Greece, trying to square
Rumania and Bulgaria, trying, in fact,
to square everybody, reminds me of
Gottlieb Muller"
Ernst Eichorn, the German consul to
Savannah, laughed heartily and re.
sumed:
81 met Gottlieb Muller one night
with a big box of candy under one arm
and big bundle of meat under the
other, a box of cigars slung over his
shoulder and a toy horse dragging be-
hind him on a string.
"'Hello,' I said, are you moving"
NO no. said Gottlieb. I'm on my
way to see my girl. The candy's for
her The meats for the dog. The
cigars are for the old man. and the
horse.is for the little brother. I've Goe
to square all hands. you know"
Evening star., 1915-09-12
Willing Enough, But

A LEXANDER POWELL. the war
~ correspondent. was talking in New
York about the English volunteer
army.
1T will be all right in time, he
said. but at present it is pretty wab-
bly,. You can't take lot of clerks and
brokers and swells and navvies, you
know, and turn them into "A first-rate
army overnight.
It's like the groom who was brought
in at the dinner party to help out the
butler. The groom was willing enough,
poor fellow. He asked deaf old lady
if she'd have any peas, and she put her
big, bell-mouthed trumpet up to her
ear to hear him.
Gee said the groom to himself.
this is a new wrinkle me. but if
she wants 'em that way / better let
her have en-
And down the ear-trumpet went .
generous spoonful of peas"
Evening star., 1915-09-12

material used. The same flavor Is not
obtained from product containing a
high percentage of fat as the one with
a low percentage. 1t has also been dis
covered that the flavor may be i'm
paired by the use of certain amounts
and grades of sugars, gelatin. milk
powders and according to the method
which has been employed in the
preparation or treatment of each or all
Of the materials.
At first an attempt was made to
carry on some tests in factories on
commercial basis. but these were not
satisfactory because the conditions in
the factory could not be controlled. and
so had to be discontinued. Experiments
were then made in the government
laboratory on a small scale, but ar
rangements are now being made to
handle them on a much larger one in
future.
The Investigator. who is an agri-
culturist with a practical knowledge
of manufacturing dairy products, and
who Is carrying on these ice cream ex-
periments- alone, gave one of his
formulas for making ice c1kem.
Evening star., 1915-09-12

difficult to form any judgment of the
extent of the egg product at the
present time
The live stock industry was not par
iticularly extensive in Poland, consid-
cred from the standpoint of food The
last agricultural census. taken in 1910
showed 1.250,000 horses. 2,267.000 cat
tie. 1850 900 sheep and goats, and $780,,
900 swine.
What proportion of the horses were
cannot be guessed. but it was not
large 1t is not likely that many
horses remain in Poland, either for
domestic uses or for military purposes.
The same thing may be said of the
other live stock.
In peace times. Poland was a source
of supply for fodder and forage. In
one year the exports to Germany of
some of the leading forage staples in
cluded 100000 tons of BRAN 1901 900
tons of barley. and 100000 tons of oats.
German system may be counted on
to restore as rapidly as possible the
production of these forage crops but
there is the same difficulty with the
other crops. Agriculture does not re-
the expectation of Russian military
operations to drive out the invading
forces. Impoverished Polish agricul-
ture is not much more of an imme-
diate military asset to Germany than
are Polish industries which lack raw
material.
1t may be that Germany will be able
to rehabilitate Poland agriculturally
and industrially under her methodica1
military system, but it cannot be done
In a single season. Agriculture offers
a better prospect than industry, be-
cause 1t is not dependent on raw ma
terial from countries to which access is
shut off.
German policy also may be depended
on to seek to restore the commercial
intercourse that obtained under peace.
though a different basis. Much the
larger part of what was called the
frontier trade was with Germany. The
exchange of products. therefore, would
follow natural geographical lines.
The United States at one time had
very marked interest in the industrial
evolution of Poland Not only was
raw cotton supplied to the textile in
dustries, but there were heavy sales of
farm machinery and of numerus other
Evening star., 1915-09-12

cal refrigeration and factory ma
chinery is now being installed.
Up to the present time the equi2-
ment consisted of a small freezer
mounted on an iron frame. an ice
shaver, brine tanks and brine pump
driven by a motor which is located di-
rectly above the freezer. two portable
ice and salt hardening boxes. to-
gether with tempering vat and cream
emulser. the enulser being used to
prepare cream from butter and SKINNED
milk. Besides the laboratory there is
a washroom, which contains several re-
frigerators. cream and other materials
used in the experiments.
These experiments have in most
cases been preliminary ones. but the
results have been of considerable val
ue. They have shown that the quality,
particularly the flavor, is determined
by the character and quantities OF
Evening star., 1915-09-12
Glands War Resources Of Little Value to Germany

this time in all probability their out
put is being used.
Without iron ore or manganese or
copper available in large quantities 1t
is clear that Poland is not likely to be
of much value to Germany in the man
ufacture of ordnance or other NUM-
tions.
The textile industries are something
of prize. but far less than If they
had been captured at the beginning of
hostilities. Germany made much of the
stocks of wool which were obtained in
the French wooden districts that she
occupied in the first month of the war
and has since held. but in Poland, after
a year of fighting. there are no stocks
of wool to be captured. and very little
to be obtained from the wool clip of
hockS which have been made the vic
Tins of contendnE forces. Neverthe-
less. German system may be depended
on to gain some advantage in outfit
ting the soldiers from the possession of
the wooden mills
Flax is in about the same position as
wool Little has been grown during
the last year, and little is likely to be
grown during the present year: yet the
Germans most likely will obtain some
supplies of the raw material and keep
some of the factories going.
The leather factories are an acqui-
ston. but here, too. comes the ques
tion of the supply of raw material.
There are not likely to be many hides
available. Moreover. much of the leath-
er was obtained from abroad and was
in the nature of secondary raw ma
terial to be made over by the factories
at Warsaw and LODI. Yet the Germans
doubtless will add to the output of mill
tary harness and similar equipment by
their possession of the Polish factories.
D1l~
trial army without munitions. Herein
the Germans are at a disadvantage
Lodz sometimes has been called the
Manchester of Poland because of it's
cotton mills. The turnover of the tex
tile industry at Lodz in some years
amounted to s1OO.000.oo0. and the bulk
of this was cotton fabrics.
Some of the cotton used came from
tan. and a little from India. but the
larger part was from the United States.
Out of s50.0OO.0O0 of cotton imported
into Russia the United States con-
peace period. much of this went
through Germany. That is why the
Russian imports of cotton from the
United States failed to show anything
like the actual importations. The
Polish mills received s1o,ooo,ooo worth
and upward each year.
After the outbreak of hostilities the
supply through Germany. of course.
was shut off. Such of the Lodz mills as
were able to keep running in the
midst of the distractions of war con-
tinued to obtain American cotton.
Some Of it came through Archangel
on the White sea, but large quantities
were also obtained over the trans
siberian route through Vladiyostock.
Poland. as German military territory,
cannot now get cotton through Vladi-
Evening star., 1915-09-12

american manufactured commodities
Much OF this trade. however, was
transit commerce through Germany and
was In competition with German manu-
facturers. Finished leather was also sup
pied. to be used in the leather factories.
Naturally all this business ceases in the
present situation
Poland has been a source of supply to
the United States principally for hides
and for raw fax. Seed from the Polish
beet-sugar fields was also obtained in
considerable quantities.
The arrangement concluded not long
ago under which the Russian government
agreed that consignments might be made
to American manufacturers through the
Secretary of Commerce, in order that
they might not reach the enemy, in
cluded fax and hides as well as beet
seed and several other Polish products.
The purpose was to make sure that
Germany would not get any of the
products. Since Germany now occupies
Poland. that contingency no longer bears
on the International trade situation.
During peace Germany, through her
tariff arrangements with Russia, secured
some advantages in addition to the geo
graphical relation. She enjoyed the BEN
ef1ts of the Russian conventional tariff,
but in this respect she was simply on
all fourS with other countries; but
through her strong influence in Russia
she was able to have something to say
about the making Of the tariff so as to
favor German products.
Germany's own tariff was adjusted to
give her the benefit of Polish agricul-
tural products. which we're the leading
imports that crossed the frontier. The
German exports to Poland consisted very
largely Of machinery, both industrial and
agricultural. Some raw wool also went
across the frontier to Poland. and much
OF the raw cotton from the United States
followed the same course.
Russia. in the various tentative sug-
gestions put out since the opening of
hostilities for a commercial treaty with
the United States. has not been unmind-
full of the American trade with Poland
In addition to the imports of raw cotton
there has been the hint that the United
States would benefit by the leather ex-
ports which are used in the Polish in
dustries. Raw hides imported into New
England from Russia could be returned
in the form Of leather products. Some
of these would be finished goods, such as
Evening star., 1915-09-12

ing. He adopted ice cream to utilize
his surplus cream A few years later
an ice company. becoming interested
in the manufacture of ice cream. paid
the milk dealer who had taken the
initiative $500 for teaching one of its
men the art of making this product.
American enterprise took UP the new
industry. and it developed steadily. but
the real rapid growth began in 1890.
Since that time the business has beeh
growing with ever-increasing rapidity,
aided to some extent by the perfec-
tion of artificial refrigeration and the
Introduction of the soda fountains.
Artificial refrigeration provided a way
for frozen dainties to be used in the
south and made possible the wholesale
factories.
Evening star., 1915-09-12

ment with Russia now has only spec
ulative interest Whatever the final out
come of the war in changing territorial
boundaries 1t may he assumed that Ger
many will not he ready to concede that
the United States shall have special tar
iff advantages in the Polish market. II
the old status reverts and Germany's
trade with Poland continues frontier
trade. she will seek to maintain her
geogra phical advantage by tariff favors.
Should there be an autonomous Poland.
tariff equality if not tariff preference
would be dema nded by Germany.
None of these matters. however. is
of immediate interest. The main point
is that in the military occupation OF
Poland the economical value Of that oc-
cupation in providing war munitions and
war food supplies is slight.
Evening star., 1915-09-12

obtain will be used by her own fac
tories.
German system may get something
out of the control Of the chemical fac
of the industrial development of Po-
land. The dye-works at Lodz were
modern. Most of them, however. We're
closed down on account of the war.
and it was stated that they would be
moved further inland. It is possible
that much of the machinery, therefore.
is lacking. but the Germans will be
able to supply this deficiency out of
their own plants.
Polands crops. If the war continues
indefinitely. may prove of some value
to Germany, both for man and beast;
yet, with the misery of the years
warfare spread all over the agricul-
tural districts and production stopped.
it will take more than single years
planting to insure any surplus of agri-
cultural supplies for the people OF Ger
many. The most that the army of oc
cupation can expect is to feed itself off
the country, with the population
privileged to consume what 1t leaves
over. Rye and wheat. in ordinary crop
the agricultural products. This means
bread, but there is not much bread for
months to come. Rye and wheat are
winter crops in Poland, and the crops
which may be put in for the coming
winter under military operations are
not likely to be extensive.
After these cereals. potatoes are the
most important food product. Some
thing like 2.500.00O acres of potatoes
are cultivated under normal conditions.
During the last year 1t has been i'm
possible to cultivate anything like
normal quantity of potatoes. but. an
other year there may be better show
ing.
Dairy farming had made much pro-
gress in Poland, and the production of
butter and cheese was the basis of
export trade, as well as a source of
domestice consumption. But the dairy
industry has not Jared better than
other agricultural industries. in the
midst of the war. The poultry indus
try is important. When 1t is stated
that Poland exports 50,000,000 dozens
of eggs annually across the frontier
the economic value of the Polish hen
may be appreciated. But the poultry
suffers during war, and it would be