The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-06-29

that region-and United States war ships have been despatched to cope with the situation-information aS Go Fhe process by which this declaration sof war was made in still lacking It is known that the tribe retains a pc litical organization. What appears 70 be an almost mythical supreme chleL reig14s in the hills above their valley andssis said to direct the actions Of Hhe minor ch4e9s who have taken groups of the tribe into the Mexican warfare.
 The Associated Press correspondent sauring a recent trip to the west coast with Carranza learned this and number of other interesting things corcernang the EAouiss about whom AittIe true material has been published
 Although they have been in almost constant warfare since the organiza- 4ion of the Mexican nation, the Xa- suris have never been fully conquered or won over to European civ1l1za f1on. But their struggle against the ad- vance of civilization did not assume ktF1reateniag proportions until the re- cent revolutionary activities gave to 1hem modern war xnGnitions and 1nat- atary traanans- Previously this war ailxe Mexican India had confined, nirnseaft to gner1l1a fighting The arm. hng o1 the Yan173s to take part in Me1zr hco,s domestic quarrel made possible j 4heir more extensive military move rnentSs threatening not only the Amer Ecan coaOn1SIS Tn tnS 4aQu1 NNetlSy about Guyannas. but sovereignty of the Mexican race along that rich DOT ktionsoE the west coast
 .Tha Yax1ui region Hes a few miles anlarad from the important California htyulf port city of Guaynaas. The In <1ians years ago lost most of their rich Agricultural lands in the valley Their str ongholds are in the hill coun- Hry, Kr0m which strong positions they make frequent raids on tho Mexican 19s, Y,.aT IT. F1n<aes been only recently that their ass aults were directed against the -Ame-ican settlers i'm the valley, who had given the Indians profitable employment as 1aborkfs-
 The Yaqud was not considered an especially dangerous neIghbor until the advent Of the Constitut1onalist revol1tion- E1th the separation of Hhe aranza and Villa factions struggle began between those two parties In Sonora state The Indians aIreadg had been armed and enlisted las troops in the Constitutio tionalist armys doing the bulk Of the desperate lighting in the contests for the towns along She Arizona-Sonora border. These lndinas were considered "pa- cificos or peaceful Indians But on opportune occasions they demanded the return of their tribal lands, and .only would remain in the revo1ution zerxice after securing promises from
 
 "a year. however, it has Nbecome evi- dent that the supposedly friendly Ya- z1is were working in Conjunction with 1ais wilder brother who had remained 1n theshills- Arms and amm unition in large quantities given to the Indians senlistsd in the Constitutionalist sser- vice Were snuggled on the backs of -YaqJiF runners into the mountain passes ana there were hidden The en1isted Indians would return after an insignificant skirmish and demand Hnore ,annnunitien. Their Mexican of hcers did not dare to refuse them
 Ths situation became serious when Dose Maria Maytorena, the Villa gov- ternor&of the state,s brought the Yaqui troopss into northern Sonora Pre- viOusEy they had been used only againkt HeuTta,s federal troops about Guyafnas Maytorena's Yaquis took part ia the attacks on the Carranza garrisens at Nogales, Naco and Can aneas In farmer years under the Diaz administration these Indians had been driven into southern Sonora by rontfnued fighting along the Arizona. borden in which they met the federal Hurdles" Mexico's rural police, which fwas considered the most efficient light Ing arrns of the former dictator. The forcefuI exiling into southern Mexico of large numbers of Yaqui men had faileds to break the warlike spirit of the race.
 Rsunors circulated that the Yaqui leaders were controlling the Maytor- ena Government. These were denied officially until the more recent deveI- ppmsnts showed that the so-caIied ''pocfAco'' Yaquis were working in ronjllnction with their '.broncho's or Wild.s brothers in their lifelong at tempt to regain the valley farming lands now developed to a high de- gree by the American farmers. The American co1onists had bought the land from the Mexican owners, who In turn secured it through govern nents ar private concessions in about the sarrfe manner as the American In- dina territory in the United States was co1or1zed and developed. The state government found itself power Hess toE prevent the raids by the ''bron- cho" 1ndwinas on the American set Elements since the large proportion of 1ndian troops would not permit war Hng against their hill tribesmen- This Hed to the sending down the west of American marines with or ders to land if necessary to save the lives of the American settlers who Though in grave danger would not Heave their farms in fear of losing the crops and property.
 The Yadu1s' rival, but first cousin, Hs the Mayo Indians. whose lands closely adjoin the Yaqni valley The Mayo though of good fighting ability and frequently victorious over the Haquf tribe. ist of more peaceful in- c1ination and has retained by diplo- matic means some valuable farming land The Mayo also entered the revolutionary struggle. Large num- bers of the Mayo braves joined the Earanza ranks. and have been assist Ing materially in the Obregon victo- ries over the villa army in central Mexico This left the Yaqui in -undis- puted control in Sonora. The plan, formerly suggested, of playing the Mayo against the Yaqui could not be employed since the bulk of the Mayo Hhhting men have been removed.
 The racial characteristic of the EarlIi saf Aaxicn -ara sirnila1. tca tI,osa