davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
LIFE IN THE SEA.
IL Exceeds That Of the Land, Square
Mile For Square Mile.

mile FOf square Wll9s
The sea teens with plants and ami
mails. and ii has been estimated that
the amount of life in the sea exceeds
that of the land. square mile for square
mile. Animal life is found nearly ev-
erywhere. even ut the greatest depth;
hut it fourishes best at or near the
shore. On the other hand, plant life
seems to be absent over the bottoms
of the ocean basins. but plentiful at
the surface. where the sunlight plays
an important part in its growth.
1t is believed that the original forms
of life began in the ocean many mil
lion years ago. and at no time since has
life there ceased. Many of the earliest
forms are now extinct; others have
gradually increased in number and va
riety from their beginning to the pres
ent time. How long ago life began no
one has definitely determined. but 1t is
known to have been many million
years ago. for the remains of extinct
animals and plants are found in the
oldest sedimentary rocks.
According to geologists, the oceanic
waters have made many incursions
upon the continents and at times have
nearly submerged them. Long ago,
even in a geologic sense, before the
birth of the Appalachian or Rocky
mountains, the sea made frequent Wis
its to the interior of our continent and
left, after each retreat, a sandy, muddy
or Shiny deposit mixed with shells and
other organic remains. which later be-
came solidified into rock. Were not the
organic remains still found in the de-
posits it would be difficult to believe
that the ancestors of many present day
sea animals once lived along the
beaches of an ancient inland sea-
Geological Survey Bulletin.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
A EaarfuI Poison.

From the microbe which gives rise in
human beings to the disease known as
tetanus, or lockjaw. a poison called
tetanine is obtained which is over 100
times more powerful than strychnine.
A fragment of tetanine so small as to
be invisible TO the naked eye would kill
almost instantaneously the strongest
man. One fifteen n-thousandth part OF a
grain of it has caused the death Of q
horse 1,600,O00.O00 times its own
weight.-Pearson's.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
MEANING OF "JITNEY.v
There Are Many Theories as to the
Origin of the Word.


There Are Many Theories as TO the
Origin of the Word.
The meaning of the word jitney is a
five cent piece. The origin of the word
rests wholly on supposition, and many
explanations are given. One interested
in the subject gathered the following
information: A correspondent from
Soda Greek, B. c., said he knew the
term as slang in Glasgow, Scotland,
over fifty years ago. 1t was used to
designate something small or insignifi-
cant. The word was said to come from
the Scottish -.jitty,r which means de-
ception, and the French "nisey," cor
rectly malls" meaning ninny or sim
pleton.
Another correspondent said it is a
foreign word which originated in Rus
sia as the name of small Russian
coin. A Russian scholar, however, de-
clares there is no such coin and that
the word in Russian means "rye."
A correspondent from Tacoma,
Wash. says the word ''jit," meaning
five cent piece. can be traced back a
hundred years and was the original
word used by slave traders for that
coin.
An Oakland, CAL, correspondent said
that jitney is word coined by the
southern negroes. There the small boy
when told to run an errand says. do
get jitney boss?"
A Los Angeles man says that the
term is Mexican vernacular for nickel.
Philadelphia Press.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
NAPOLEON'S MAXIM.
II Can Be Traced Back to Tacitus In
the Second Century.

gUS 0OCOuQ OCUGdtys
Napoleon's maxim was, it is said,
that Providence is on the side Of the
big battalions, but by what right it has
become the property of the 'little cor
poral' is not quite clear. Though he
may have acted upon it, he did not in
vent it, and it is his merely by right of
conquest.
In the first place, we can trace it
back to Tacitus, who in the fourth
book of his history, written somewhere
in the second century, says, "Deos for
tioribus adesse" (s'The gods are on the
side of the stronger'9. From Tacitus
we jump to NJ. Busy -Rabutin, French
litterateur, who lived in the seventeenth
century. "God is generally on the side
of the large battalions against the lit
tie" he wrote From him or more prob
ably from her mother wit Nine. de Sc
vigne, his contemporary, wrote, "For-
tune is always on the side of the lar
gest battalions."
Some fifty years later came Voltaire,
who wrote in letter to NJ. lie Richie,
ut is said that God is always on the
side of the heaviest battalions." That
letter was written in ITO, when Napo-
leon was but one year old. Thus we
come to him whose maxim it is said to
be, but here the reference books help
us but little and help Napoleon less.
providence is always on the side of
the last reserve is given as his YER
sion of the trite phrase, and even this
is not credited to him freely, but only
attributed to Napoleon Westmin.
ster Gazette.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
Facts For Sufferers

Pain results from injury or con.
g stion Be it neuralgia, rheuma-
tlsm. lna.hago. nenritis, loot hache,
sprain, bruise, sore stiff muscles or
whatever pain yon have yi'ltfs TO
Sloan's Linimeut-lnings new
fresh blood, dissolves the conges
tion. relieves the injury. the circu-
l,tion is free and your pain leaves
as ifb by magic. The nature of its
qualities penetrate Immediately to
the sore spot. Don't keep on suff
ering. Get bottle of Sloan's
Liniment. Use it. 1t means in
slant relief. Price 25c. and 50c.
81 90 bottle holds six times as
much as the 25c size,
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
Now Lookout.

When cold hangs on as often hap
pens. or when you have hardly gotten
over one cold before you contract another
lookout for you are liable to contract
some very serious disease. This success
ion OF colds weakens the system and low
ers the vitality SO that you are much
more liable to contract chronic catarrh.
pneumonia or consumption. Cure ycur
cold while you can. Chamberlain 5
Cough Remedy has great reputation.
1t is relied upon by thousands Of people
and never disappoints them. Try it. Ii
only costs quarter Obtainable every
where
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
The Word "sIave.u

An interesting instance in history of
the twisted application of the names
of a people is afforded by the case of
the word ''slave." Now. the Slavi,
tribes dwelling on the banks of the
Dnieper. derived their appellation from
"Slav." meaning noble or illustrious.
In the days of the later Roman en-
'pire vast numbers of these Slavs were
taken over by the Romans in the con-
dition of captive servants, and in this
way the name of the tribes came In
time to carry with it the idea of a low
state of servitude. the exact antithe-
sis of its original meaning and one
that has survived to this time.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
FATE HAD WILLED IT.
So, In Typical Far Eastern Style, They
Made the Best of 1t.

Made the Best OF 1t.
We were standing round a small fire
wrote Arminius Vambery, the Hun
garian linguist and traveller, in his ac-
count of caravan journey to Box
hara-when we were startled by two
reports from firearms and the loud
yelling of some person who was badly
hurt. The whole caravan was alarm
ed. and we all ran to the rear, where
we found one of our companions with
a shattered arm.
The canse of the affray was this:
Several horsemen who were conveying
the annual taxes from Shiraz to Tehe-
ran had come up with two Jewish
shopkeepers, whom they first insulted
and then started to assault, when a
Persian of our company interfered.
One of the horsemen became so enrag-
ed that he lifted his rifle and shot at
the Jews. He afterward declared that
he had intended to frighten< one of the
Jews by shooting through his cap, but
he missed his aim and hit the Per-
slams arm
1ne lncluent SO eXaSperaIeQ the
whole caravan that our men pursued
the culprit and brought him back Sc
curely tied. The poor wretch was CIV
en- such a beating that he was unable
to walk and was placed with his vic
tim on one of the caravan mules. Left
to themselves. the would be murderer
and his victim became quite friendly.
They tied up each others wounds, con-
soled one another and went so far In
their newborn friendship as to kiss
each other, for according to the east
ern way of thinking neither of them
was to be held responsible for what
had happened. Fate had willed it.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
The Gobelin Factory.

The Gobelin factory was founded in
1915 by Francis l., who secured Eu-
rope for the artists and the makers Of
beautiful things who could bring lus-
ter to the caitalof France. Under his
auspices came Leonardo da Vinci, and
he it was who laid the foundations for
the collections Of statuary and paint
ings that have made Paris famous. The
GobeIin tapestry factory was among
the least of his undertakings.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
Little Children.

The influence of little children Is to
develop goodness in men and women.
Their EXAMPLE teaches love, hope, fait4..
trust, contentment, JOY, delight and
cheerfulness, and quickly to forg :.
and forget unkindness, injustice and
injury received from others.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
The witch's Track.

At Peel, in the Isle of Man, it is re-
lated that witch said once the her.
ring feet would not return. Every ship
was lost, and she was rolled down the
hill in barrel set with spikes. The
grass has never grown since in the bar
reIs track.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
purely Feminine.

Small Niece Uncle John. If you don't
give me cent I'll be mad at you.
Uncle John Here's the coin. Small
Niece-And for 2 cents, Uncle John,
I'll like you ever so much and for 8
I'll love you and for I'll simply idol
lie you.-New York Globe.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
The Hint Gentle.

She-I wonder what makes the baby
SO wakeful? He Heredity. That's
what comes of you sitting up at night
waiting for me to get home.-Phila
delphia Ledger.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
The Pessinist.

"I've had an offer for my house. A
man wants to pay me $1,000 more than
it cost me-
"Ycu'lI accept. of course"
eyes. but I'm afraid the mans rela-
tions win find out he's crazy before I
can close the deal."-Exchange.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
"A cIogged system Needs Attention

Are you bilious, dizzy and Jist-
lessg DIR. Kings New Life Pills
taken at once siezes upon consti,
patton and starts the bowels NOV
ing naturally and easily. More
over it acts without gripping. Ne
glect of a clogged system often
leads to most seriors complications.
Poisonous matters and a body poor
ly fnnctioning need immediate at
tention. II you wish to wake up
Tomorrow morning happy in mind
and entirely sati fed. start your
treatment to night. 25c a bottle
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
DO You Have Sour stomaohP ?

IF you are troubled with sour stomach
you should eat slowly and masticate your
food thoroughly, then take one of
Chamberlain's Tablets immediately after
supper. obtainable everywhere.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
Demonstrated.

Here's where l show my Glass; r
said the professor as he demonstrated
the problern on the blackboard. Dart
mouth Jack O. Lantern.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
Romance In High Life.

.'Do you love me?"
1t was an old question, but he sprang
a variation of the stereotyped reply;
II love the very ground you motor
over" he said.-Kansas City Journal.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19
HYAcINTHs MAY BE GROWN IN
DOORS IN GLASSES.
B. w. ANsPoN,

Maryland Agricultural College.
Hyacinths may be grown indoors
during the winter in hyacinth glasses.
These glasses are special glasses hav-
ing shoulder on which the bulbs
The midland journal., 1915-11-19

He Have you ever looked in the
glass when you are angry? She-Noi
I'm never angry when look In the
glass.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19

Il IS difficulties which show wAEe
tneb Epictetus.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19

Kindness has converted more sinners
than zeal, eloquence or learning. II.
W. Faber
The midland journal., 1915-11-19

who has deceived thee as oftsA ~
thyself 2-F Franklin.
The midland journal., 1915-11-19

rest Fill your glasses with water to
a point just below the bottom of the
bulb. which rests on the shoulder of
the glass. Place these glasses with
the bulbs in cool, dark place, chang
Eng the water occasionally. After the
roots are well-developed Casually about
8 weeks), bring them into cool room
and here they will produce good flow
ers. A small piece of charcoal placed
In the glasses will keep the water pure.
Chinese Sacred Lilies and other types
Of Narcissi produce fine flowers when
planted in glass bowls containing
pebbles and water.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-10-06
NO ANSWER COMES:
NONE. IS EXPECTED
Bulgaria Ignores Russia's Ulti-
matum, and Time Limit
Has Expired.
NEXT MOVE IS FERDINAND'S
Forces Of Allies Are Prepared to
Strike at New Enemy
in Balkans.
NEXT MOVE is FERDINAND's

LONDON. October 5.-Russia's ulti-
matufn to Bulgaria expired at 4 o'clock
this afternoon. but up to a late hour
tonight. so far rs known in London.
no answer had been received and none
was expected.
1t was taken for granted here that
King Ferdinand and his ministers are
definitely committed to the Germanic
allies, and in return for some ports.
including Constantinople. and all that
remains of European Turkey. to be
ceded after the war, has undertaken
to assist actively in the operations
against Serbia, thus hoping to open
the way for the Austro-German army.
the objective of which is the Sea Of
Marmora.
The entente powers, in this belief,
| have landed or are landing a force at
Saloniki, which Will take upon itself
the duty OF protecting the main railway
through Serbia and Greece and give
what assistance ii can to the Balkan
allies. should they be attacked BY Bull
| garia. This infringement of Creek
neutrality has brought forth a formal
protest from the Greek government,
but, in the words of one correspondent,
"it is being winkcd at by the great
majority of the people of Greece"
The opposition in the Greek chamber
has also made protest against the policy
of Premier Venizelos, which, it is
claimed is forcing Greece into an un-
! necessary war. But the Premier.
has succeeded in getting the chamber
TO pass a vote of confidence after n
stormy all might session.
! The next move develops upon Bull
garia, and as soon as she moves, the
| Anglo French troops which arc being
mobilized. will be put in motion, while
the fleets in the Black Sea and the
/ Aegean will assume their appointed
! roles.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-10-06
RUSSIANS IMPROVING
POSITIONS IN SOME PLACES

Especial Gable to The Times -Dispat ch. 7
PETROGRAD. October 5.-In some
sectors the Russians are harassine the
enemy and by energetlcally developing
separate engagements are gradually i'm
proving their positions.
Enemy attempts TO reach the Sarny
Railway junction north of Rovno were
checked ny the Russians. who success
fully crossed the River Sry1, Mt Polenne,
the point where the Kovcl- Sarny Rail
way crosses the river.
When arrested the enemy was TWEEN
ty-five miles west of Sarny The Rus
sian success here is bound to affect the
fight in tho region of Kolny, for IL
| threatens the enemy. Efforts are be-
Ing made by the Germans to revive
their left wing in the region OF Dvinsk
by rc-cnforccments and the use OF
heavy guns. Their object Is the cap
turc of both banks OF the western
Dvina.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-10-06
PREMIER Is CONFIDENT
OF SUCCESSFUL OUTCOME,

BERLIN, October ; via wireless to
Tuckerton y. J).-A dispatch t6 the
Lokal AnZeiEcr from Budapest. as
giveh out to-day by the Overseas News
Agency, says the Bulgarian Premier.
NJ. Radoslavoff, when receiving the dele
gates OF the Stambouloff and Cinema
dick parties at Sofia, said:
Bulgaria is justified in the hope
that the situation will be more ad-
vantaGcouS than heretofore. Events
coming in the near future promise fav-
orable results. Bulgaria will extend
her frontiers toward the northwest and
the south.
Our relations with Roumania are
cordial The conflict between Rou-
mania and the central powers already
has been settled. Roumana will he
neutral during the whole Duration OF
the offensive of the central powers
against Serbia, even if new compli-
cations arise in the Balkans. The Rou-
manian government has declared that
1t Is disintercsted as to Serbia Greece
will maintain the same attitude during
the offensive of tho central powers"
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-10-06
ELEUTHERIOS VENIZELOS.
WE'LL DECLARES KRENGEL' 5
REMOVAL WAS JUSTIFIED
Issues Statement in Defense. of His
Vote Dropping Detective-Ser-
gcant From Force.
DETERMINED NOT TO RESIGN
Cites Krengel'S Traffic With Denizens
of Underworld and Alleged False
Testimony as 10 Wiltshire to Show
His Undesirability.
DETERMINED NOT TO RESIGN
Acton Of Police Board
May Be Null and Void

After ~ conference held yester-
dny afternoon. Police Commissions
crs l.. W. Thomas. William IL. Par
hcr md W. Douglas Gordon gave
out the following statement;
''At the meeting Of the Hoard OF
Police commissioners tonight Mr.
Gordon Will rnisc the point that the
action OF the Police Board ON Sep
tembcr 30 wns illegal and incTec-
tive, for the reason that the notice
Of such meeting stated specifically
TINT the meeting was called for the
purpose OF trying Leiss.
As To their future course in the
matter. they ask that the public he
lieNe That they will be guided by
whnt they deem hest for the interest
of the public and the welfare of
the Police Department."
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-10-06
Ofii:RS 10 BULGARIA
WITHDRAWN ny ALLIES

LONDON, october Sin conse-
quence of the repeated assertion Of
Germans in Athens that the allies con-
templated landing at Saloniki in order
TO hand the place over to Bulgaria."
says Reuters Telegram Company. the
entente powers addressed a communca-
tion TO the Greek government stating
that the proposed landing was most
friendly in Its purpose and intended to
help Greece and Serbia in case of an
attack.
AT the same time the powers in
formed the Hellenic government that
the offers made TO Bulgaria on condition
that she join the allies have now been
withdrawn because Bulgaria not only
had not answered the entente powers
note, but had taken action which had
occasioned the present crisis"
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-10-06
CONDITION OF GREECE
LIkESED TO THAT OF BELGIUM

LONDON. October 5.-Thc Berlin
Tageblatt is quoted by Reuters cor
respondent at Amsterdam as recalling
the Indignation expressed by the en-
tente powers at the violation OF Bel
GUMS neutrality by Germany Dis
cussing the report that the allies are
sending troops TO the assistance OF
Serbia across Greek territory. the
Tageblatt says the entepte powers have
seized the first opportunity of ignoring
the rights of smaller nations, notwith-
standing their previous pretense OF pro-
tectinG them.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-10-06
DECLARATION OF WAR
CONSIDERED POSSIBLE

LONDON, October 5-A dispatch from
Amsterdam to Reuters Telegram Com
pany says:
derstands that the Bulgarian govern
ment probably will make no reply to
the Russian ultimatum. The recall
from Sofia OF all the entente ministers,
the newspaper says. is expected to-day,
and il adds that declaration of war
by Russia is considered possible.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-10-06
WANTS SATISFACTION
FOR EVERY INSULT

BERLIN. October 3 (via London). -
dispatch from Sofia dated October
4 TO the ZeitunG Am Mittag says:
Premier Radoslavoff. of Bulgaria,
day made tho following declaration
TO representatives Of the government
parties:
I'VE confront war and m st defend
our national interests. We must wrest
from our enemies everything they took
from us two years ago, and get salts
faction for every insult"
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-10-06
GERMANY DISAVOWS
SINKING OF ARABIC
Greece Has Become Central Point
Of Storm Which Threatens Balkins

nnd while the government made n
rormnl protest against such landing
mr. violation OF Greek neutrality,
no impedIments were put In the wny
of pincing allied troops on Greek
soil.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-10-06

Repeating his intention to pursue his
duties on the Police Board regardless
OF the clamor in many quarters that he
resign from that body, Police Com
missioner Cliff We'll last night supple
mented this declaration with n state
ment i'll which he reviews the con-
siderations that led him 10 vote for
Sergeant Krengcls removal.
AS member Of the Police Board.
charged with the duty Of acting for
the best interest of the city. Mr. Well
says In his statement. he was con-
strained to vote for the election Of
Mr.. Wood to replace Sergeant krengel.
He reviews Krengers jewelry traf-
licking, as we'll as his alleged incor-
rect testimony with respect to Ser
geant Wiltshire on the night Of Febru-
AIRY IS. 1915, in which he is quoted as
saying that Wiltshire was drunk as a
billed owl"
These and other alleged shortcom-
ngs OF the deposed detective-sergeant
are recited by Mr. We'll to show that
in voting not to re-clect Mr. Krcngel
to the force he was acting with the
best interests of his native city at
heart
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-10-06
TO "MISGUIDED
AND MALICIOUS CRITICISM"

The statement follows in full:
Irrespective OF the fact that the con-
stitnted authorities OF the city of Rich
mond have, in the exercise OF their
lawful functions, acquitted me OF the
commission OF any acts iustifying my
dismissal from the Board of Police
Commissioners Of the city of Richmond
or demanding OF me my resignation
from that body, 1 have been subjected
to hystercal. misguided or malicious
public criticism By some newspapers
and many pulpits of the city OF Rich
mond for my vote in electing to the
police force Mr. Wood in the place of
Mr. Krengel. whose term Of Office had
expired.
would have il understood that l was
a duly elected and qualified member of
the Police Board. and as such charged
with the duty Of casting my vote for
the best interests of the city of Rich
mond in general and the Police De-
partment in particular.
have no quarrel with any man who
honestly and intellisently criticizes
me. I do resent the structures which
have been put upon me my persons who
manifestly have no knowledge of the
leSdl StdtuS ol iiiy poSlliou OF OF the
facts which influenced my vote on the
occasion in question. l still reserve
to myself, the privilege of thinking OF
myself that L have the interests of my
native city at heart, and can act and
have acted for what I conceive to be
the best interests of that city in the
discharge OF my Official duties.
DETAILS CONSIDERATIONS
WHICH GUIDED HIS ACTION
In explanation Of my action upon
the occasion in question. and for the
Continued on Second Pagel
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-10-06

The latest official communication
Issued by the respective war Offices
record n continuation of the nrtiI-
lery fighting In the western zone,
but apparently cessation OF the
actions In the cnst. 40 npprecinbIe
progress Is being made on any of
the fronts. Reports, from Italian
headquarters arc that the Italians
hnvc abandoned the iden OF taking
Triest for the present, and nre de-
voting their attention to Gorizia,
with the object Of continuing their
advance along the Carso plateau.
Germany has officially dIsavowed
the sinking OF the steamer Arabic,
eIprenscs regret for the loss Of
American lives md agrees to mike
rcparutiOn. Secretary OF State Lam
sing has been notified to this effect
by Count Won BernstorH, the Ger
mnn Ambassador.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-10-06
CONTINUED on Second Page.)

Worlds Series Games. Philadelphia. octo-
her S and .. via York River Line from Rich
mond, round trip fare 5000.