Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-10-31

ton of this diaphragm up vibration in another
and parallel diaphragm fronting tube and
that vibrating diaphragm In turn transmits the sound
wave to third diaphragm. which carries It to the
diaphragm Of the mcrophone. The microphone con.
rers the vibration into electrical energy and transmits
II through electrical wires to audion located I'm the
station above which amplifes 10000 times and repro.
duces It, In the form Of sound In diaphragm of the
receiving instrument held constantly to the ear Of the
operator in charge.
These listening stations for that !, wha, ,ho,
amount to- are about five miles apart AS soon as a
submarine comes within twenty-five miles Of the first
station its approach Is at revealed to the
IN charge through receiver which holds constantly
TO his ear like a telephone operator
BY experiments conducted by Dr. DubeIIjer and bia
associates, the characteristic vibrations we noto of
every type OF vessel has been standardized To the
opeIa'o on watch who has tuned in" and picked ND
submarine, ior instance. the sound Is tina; of a shr
whistle The sound wave Of a torpedo.boa, DESTROYER
asan' Is longer and therefore. musical note is much
lc"eT IN the scale The sound-w of an ordinary
steamship Is longer still and the noise produced in the
oetector is that of a deep bass note.
iiaVlng picked up vessel i'm the oninp and doc,
itely asccrtaned by characteristic note that i is
submarine the next thing for the operator to do Is to
locate II so that one more the various means of
submarine attack may be put in motion
he hrst sten is to notify the operator in charge of
INC next station to try to pick up" the oncomnr suh
marine or. in other words tune in or listen most
whistle ~ "
AS soon as TWO stations have definitely picked up
une submarine the problem of ascertanins sub
marines exact location, its direction and its rate Of
speed becomes very simple mathema ca problem
me detector can be turned in any direction by the
operator AS soon as he picks up submarine there.
iore lie turns the decctor in various directions until
ne gets the loudest noise an indication tina, the sub.
marine is then III direct line. Having obtained that
angle OF direction and the operator the next station
having In similar way obtained the angle of direction
from his station the known distance between the two
stations makes it simple matter complete and
measure the triangle the apex which represents the
submarine "
In less time than IT takes 10 tell an aeroplanc is
dispatched 10 the point indicated and bomb dropDed
OH me submerged submarine ii this is feasible.
hotiiia OF speedy motor boats. armed with twoinch
guns is sent after the submarine trail and either
destroy II when 1t comes TO the surface into
me speclaydevlSed nets which have been installed in
the English Channel and which will hereafter be
described.
80 tar II has been possible to the detector only
at land stations. Its maximum usefulness will not
be attained OF course until it be carried ope-
rated from every bateshtp we'll but far scien
lists nave been unable to Dre.
sented on vessels by the noise and vibration OF the
vessels themselves