Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1915-08-23
THREE REPORTS
SHOW BIG SPLIT
in WALSH BOARD
Chairman's Findings, Blaming
Lack of Justice for Work
ers' Unrest, Not Approved
INDoRsED BY LABOR MEN
Limitation of Inherited For
tunes to $1,OO0,O0O Pro-
posed; Workmen Benefit

CHICAGO. Aug. E-Summaries Of N
reports. three in number. Of the Unite
States Commission on Industrial Rela
tlons as to findings and accommodation
for the information Of Congress wer
made public here last night.
The Commission, which ceases to eXis
tomorrow, was composed OF three repre-
sentatives each Of the employers, tn
employed and the general public.
The personnel OF the Commission fol
lows:
Frank P. Walsh. Missouri, chairman
John r. Commons, Wisconsin, and Mrs
J. Borden Hartman. representing tn,
public
r. II. Ashton. Illinois: Harris Vein.
stock, California. and S. Thurston Bal
lard Kentucky representing the EN-.
ployers
John b. Lennon. Illinois: James OCon-
nell, District of Columbia, and a. Il. Gar
retson, Iowa, representing the employed.
The report OF the representatives of the
employees, known as the STAFF" report.
drawn up by Basil NJ. Manly. director of
research and Investigations for the Com
mission, was signed by Commissioners
walsh, Lennon, OConnell and Garretson
In connection with the main reports
these Commissioners issued three Sup
plemental Opinions and SUGGESTIONS" as
follows: One by Mr.. Walsh, one BY Mr.
Garretson and one by Mr.. Lennon and
Mr. O'Connell Jointly
The report of the Commissioners rep-
resenting the public was written by Com
missioner Commons. He and Mrs. Harri-
man signed 1t without reservation. Com
missloners Ashton, Ballard and Vein
stock approved II in large part. and in
part their dissent to portions of II and
to the Manly report are expressed in the
so-called Weinstock report. signed by
Weinstock, Ashton and Ballard.
The reports are identified as the Manly,
or stah report: the Commons, or report
OF the Commissioners for the Public, and
the Wenstock report, which among
other things, expressed dissent from the
findings OF the other two reports.
S1,oOO.OOo INHERITANCE LIMIT.
The Manly report sets forth that there
Is an unjust distribution of wealth and
income and as a remedy urges "the en-
actment Of an inheritance tax so graded
that while making generous provision
for the support of dependents and the
of minor children. IL shall
leave no large accumulation of wealth
to pass into hands which had no share
In its production"
The report suggests that limit of
Fl,OOO,OOO be hyed on the amount that
shall pass to the heirs. II recommends
that the revenue from this tax be re-
served by the Federal Government for
three principal purposes:
The extension of education. the deveI-
opment Of other important social serv-
ces which should properly be performed
by the nation and development in CO.
operation with States and municipalities
Of great constructive work, such as road
irrigation and reforestation.
which would materially increase the ef-
nciency and welfare Of the entire ma
ton.
The Commons report recommends that
% provide funds for the maintenance of
he Industrial Commission and further
social welfare, without increasing taAs-
ion OF the people. an Inheritance tax be
eVied on large fortunes. The rate of
he inheritance tax" the report says,
should be graduated from / per cent.
IN the excess OF $4,000 fortunes left to |
iirect heirs, to is per cent. on fortunes
more than 900. The tax on estates
Song to distant heirs should be greater.
The principal of the inheritance tax
und II Is proposed to invest in homes for
yorkingmen. hospitals, rural credits for
armers and such other purposes of a
ocisl nature as would insure an in
ome."
CAUSES OF INDUSTRIAL UNREST.
The Manly summary finds that the
auses of industrial unrest group them
elves almost without exception under
our main sources, which include all the
'thers. They are:
First. Unjust distribution of wealth
md income.
second. Unemployment and denial of
opportunity TO earn living.
Third. Denial OF Justice in the crea-
ion. in the adjudication and in the ad-
of the law.
Fourth. Denial Of the right and oppor-
unity to form effective organizations "
Remedies are suggested.
On the same subject the Commons re-
bort says:
THE greatest cause of Industrial unrest
s the breakdown of the labor laws and
he distrust of our municipal, State and
rational Governments on the part of a
arge portion OF our people" The report
outlines plan for remedying conditions
through the institution of a permanent
Industrial Commission and Advisory
Council" with comprehensive powers.
The Weinstock report dissents from the
recommendation that the secondary boy
,ott should be legslized. but finds that
employees have many grievances and are
thoroughly justified in organizing. II ex-
plains the prime objections to recognizing
and dealing with organized labor as fol-
ows: Sympathetic strikes. jurisdictional
disputes, labor union politics. contract
restriction OF output, prohibit
ton OF the use Of nonunion-made tools
and materials, closed shop, contests for
supremacy between rival unions, acts OF
violence against nonunion workers and
the properties Of employers and appren-
ticeship rules
The Manly report consists OF three sec
lions, only the first OF which was given
out yesterday. The second section will be
made publlc on Tuesdav and thn thirh