The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-03-24
CENTENARY OF EURoPE'S DEFIANCE
 TO NAPOLEON


 When Great Britain, Russia and France entered into an agreement not to conclude a separate peace with Germany. and not to lay down their arms until the Kaiser's military ma chine has been subjugated, they fol- lowed a. precendent established a. cen tury ago when Napoleon was looked upon as the lcomnon enemy of Eu- rope. When the Emperor returned from Elba the representatives of the allied powers reconvened the Con gFess of Vienna, and, just century com pine their armies, which were still under arms, and march them against the Corstcan, ssin order to prevent him from again troubling the peace Of Europe Each of the powers agreed to supply 1000 men, and more if necessary. Russia, Prussia, Great Britain and Austria were the parties to this new treaty, made on the basis of that of Chaum ent. On the following day the formal treaty was signed and an international dec- 1aradon declaring Napoleon an out law was issued On the same day a secret agreement was concluded by which each of the four powers prom ised not to make separate peace, but to continue the war until Napo- Icons power had been finally destroy- ed. In this secret document, it was provided that England should finance the war. All the smaller countries of Europe agreed to those treaties and Napoleon again faced Europe in arms.
 The declaration branding Napoleon as an autlaw and common disturber of the peace was in part as follows:
 ssThe powers which signed the treaty of Paris, reassembbled in con- gress at Vienna, being informed of the escape of Napoleon BOnaparte, tsr5 s>f STe. nYffy a f n Of am l armed force into France, owe 1t to their own dignity and to the welfare Of the nations to make a solemn an nouncement of their sentiments on the occasion.
 s.In thus breaking the conventions which had established him in the island of Blba, Bonaparte has des- troyed the sole legal title which is at-
 tached to. his political existence- By reappearing in France with projects prived himself of the protection of
 the laws. and made it evident, in the
 face of the world. that there can no I longer be peace or truce with him.
 "The powers therefore declare that | IBonaparte has placed himself out I tions; and that, as a general enemy and disturber of the world, he is abandoned to public Justice"
 This declaration and the treaties
 bore theE signatures Of Wellington, IAFetternieh,. Talleyrand, Nesselrode Hardenburgh and Loevenhiedm.
 l while the powers were thus declar-
 ing united war on the dictator o1 I France, Napoleon was having his
 troubles The republicans were in the saddle and insisted upon curbing
 the despotic tendencies Of the Cor sican. Napoleonss genius for organi-
 zation soon succeeded in bringing or
 der ant of chaos in the army, but in the domain of politics he was foi1ed 1 at every turn7 Carnot raised the threat of civil war while Napoleon was feverdshIy preparing to face the | armies of his foes. Fouche proved a traitor, and Napoleon ordered him shot but was dissuaded from taking that extreme measure at such a criti- cal time. So,{ with the royalists plot ting against him and the republican determined to curbb his imperial pro- l 1ects, the outlaw carried on his
 preparations for again conquering 9 l EconttneI1t.