davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25
THE GASOLINE ENGINE A LABOR SAVER

With this outfit two men will saw
as much wood in five hours as four
men will saw in ten hours with tbs
common cross-cut saw and do 1t so
much easier and cheaper.
also use my engine for pumping
water and running a cream separa tor
Through my milk house 1 have a
line shaft and by means of small belts
and pulleys I can attach my cream
separator, my pump and a grind stone.
BY means Of tight and loose pulleys
l can run one or all of them at ,..e
same time.
This line shaft extends through to
milk house and six feet into a shed,
To this end of the shaft 1 connect my
engine by means of clutch coupling
and when I want to use any Of the
above named machinery all I have
to do is to turn on the oil and let
it 60
OF course to do several kinds Of
work with the same engine it is nee
essary to have the machine on por-
table skids so as to be able to move
it from one place to another The
skids should be large and long enoug.,
to place the engine and tanks on the
same base by having one end of t.,
skids slanting like sled runner. X
Is an easy matter to move the en-
from one place to another with
of horses.
The gasoline engine is one of ~,
most profitable machines on the farm
as it Is a labor-saver, both for man
and horses, as it takes many little
jobs from the team as we'll as tho
mani. G.. Johnson.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

In 10 wer soil layers are so variable that
each piece Of land must answer this
question for itself. Sometimes the
stead Of downward.
A farmer contemplating drainage
on an area known to be considerably
higher than adjacent lakes or rivers
can make no mistake in testing the
efficiency OF vertical drains dug ten or
twenty feet deep and curbed to within
foot Of the surface Of the ground
with 6-inch tile. The upper end of
this column may be protected either
by a patented drainhead or by cover
ing the top with flat stone or brick
and surrounding the tile to depth
OF feet with coarse gravel placed in
an excavation about feet in diameter.
It might be we'll to try both Of these
devices. Horizontal drains have an
advantage in intercepting seepage
water on springy areas. but in pot
holes and on large fiat areas the mat
ter Of vertical drainage should be
especially considered.
The limited capacity Of vertical
drains renders them more efficient for
undertakings than for surface drain
age. Their success Is dependent gen.
orally upon the accompaniment Of
surface drains for relief Of food flow.
There are several kinds Of land that
need drainage: On tight clay soils
with but little slope. dead burrows
running with the slope are valuable as
surface drains. The expense OF hav-
ing well-chosen dead-furrows four
rods apart and cleaning them after
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

Those who have never used gas
oline engine can hardly realize what
a labor-saving and profitable machine
they are on the farm.
With my ten-horse-power engine I
can do many things with very little
cost that would otherwise cost me
considerable each year.
TO do any and all kinds of work the
farmer wants at least a ten-horse-
power as the purchase price and the
cost of running one is but very little
more than the cost of a smaller one
and with the larger engine you can do
a great deal more work than with the
smaller one.
With my engine can drive corn
shredder just as easily as steam
engine would and with much less cost
as the engineers wages are saved.
beside the cost of fuel for steam
power, which Is greater than the cost
of gasoline for the same power.
For ten hours running Of my en-
CINE, which Is ten-horse-power, it
takes ten gallons of oil per day. This.
at eleven cents per gallon, makes the
cost Of running for ten hours s1.10;
that is, when running up to It's full
capacity.
But, when the work is not 80 heavy
you can run on less OIL This depends
altogether on what you are doing, or
the power necessary to do It,
This same engine may be used for
driving q wood saw. All you need is
q saw frame. a good sized circular
cut off saw and about 40 feet of six
inch belt and you are we'll equipped
for wood making.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

The best means of killing Psylla
flies in spring is spraying during
period Of warm weather during March
or early in April. The most salts
factory mixture, from the stand
points Of safety to fruit and leaf buds
and effectiveness against the insect is
three-fourths of a pint Of tobacco ex-
tract Gao per cent nicotine) In 100
gallons Of water to which are added
from three to five pounds OF soap.
Ii Eggs about to hatch and newly
emerged mymphs succumb to an ap-
splication of the lime-sulphur solu-
ton. BY postponing the dormant
treatment for the San Jose scale until
the blossom cluster-buds are begin
ming to separate at the tips, very ef-
fective work can be done against the
eggs. The lime-sulphur should be
used in the proportion Of one gallon
Of the concentrate 80 degrees B., to
eight gallons Of water. In some tests
of other contact sprays the misc1ble
oils, oil emulsions, weak dilutions OF
nicotine, and soapy solutions were OF
small value for the destruction Of
the eggs. On the other hand, the
wash having considerable amounts OF
sediment (15-2o50 formuia) was
less destructive to the eggs but the
young psyllas which Matched for the
most part failed to reach the opening
buds and these succumbed to tie
action Of the sediment which became
attached to their bodies after leaving
the egg shells.
t While the adult psyllas seem to
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

up the fields as well as Reclaim ,v.,
lands. In appearance and usefulness
such drainage commonly pays for IT,
self every two years.
The drainage Of holes has all the
merits Of that of wet swales except
tor the handicap Of cost The ex
cessive depth that is required to Sc
cure an outlet sometimes makes the:.
drainage expensive.
Large marshes are the last to 20
mentioned. Their drainage usua,v
AFFECTS only the lands reclaimed.
Nevertheless, 1t is poor system ca.
farming that will not justify their
thorough drainage. The net profit OF
tame hay or corn on these lands as
compared with that of marsh hay
commonly pays for the drainage in
four years.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

ma occurrence of an excess ol
water is an indication that some
source supplies water faster than II Is
r.r,oved The water is either coming
zoo fast or it is going too slowly. Areas
NJ the foot Of uplands from whlch
vater oozes during the greater portion
~ me wear owe their wetness to the
ercassfve seepage from the upland
On the other hand, retentive clays. due
70 the fineness of the soil. and nat
muck or peat marshes, due to lack OF
fan. are too wet, primarily because
tf>e vater Is removed from them very
aOwN.
It ~ evident that the drainage oon-
dSt1ons on an area may be Improved
e1th>r by hindering the entrance OF
sAn4nAging water upon one side or by
facilitating its removal from the other.
70 accomplish one or both of these
improvements, drains must be con-
strscted to give gravity better OPP
portunity to remove surplus water.
Drains may be open and shallow for
surface drainage, covered and deep
1Of O0tUId1udSo TX opoAA "Ao ~SSH
for both.
The capacity required to remove
surface water can be obtained most
economically through shallow open
drains For UNDERTAKINGS. depth Is
more important than capacity, and
this can be obtained most econom-
ioally through covered drains OF
these the most common are drain tile,
which are pipes usually one foot long.
made Of burned clay or cement.
Tile are laid end to end in trenches
from two to four feet deep. A grad
lent or fall Of two inches In 100 feet Is
sufficient, but more is better. The
trench is flied, and the surface Of the
yeld is left smooth. Water enters the
/. he at the Joints and flows toward the
outlet. To prevent the entrance of
sand with the water, tile laid In sand
must be protected by a layer Of clay
or muck. Tile that are we'll laid last
for generations A tile drainage sys-
tenn put In seventy-a years ago in a
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

more certain commonly pay for them
selves once every year.
Long narrow wet strips and sloughs
or swales too wet to cultivate at all
next demand attention. They produce
nothing or at best poor quality Of
hay or pasture Their only redeeming
feature is that they do not entail a
cost of cultivation. Nevertheless. they
affect the cultivation Of the surround
ing fields by cutting them up or MAX
ing them irregular in outline. The
drainage of these strips will square
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25
Packing and Shipping
Matching Eggs

The most important thing is to
satisfy your customers by giving them
exactly what you advertise to sell. or.
even doing little better.
II eggs are broken in transit do not
hesitate to replace them the day you
receive the complaint from your Gus
toner.
Give everybody a square deal and
always a customer.
A neat, attractive package may cost
trif1e more than slovenly one but
| it will please your customers and ad-
vertise your egg business. because
customers very often judge mans
business by first Impressions OF pack
age and contents when they are re-
ceived
The best package for shipping eggs
Is a basket, although many breeders
do not use them.
The basket should hold one or two
settings, and these can be got for two
cents from any manufacturer. A thick
| layer Of excelsior should cover the bot
tom and all eggs should be wrapped
In soft paper and so packed with fine
excelsior that they will not touch each
other.
When the eggs are packed put an
other layer Of excelsior over the top
and cover with a thin board.
Next to the basket Is the egg box
made for holding IS or Is eggs. This
is arranged with cardboard compart-
ments with room for excelsior or other
packing at top and bottom.
This box is provided with wire
handle and the cover slides into
grooves which may then be screwed
or tackled down with small nails.
Never ship a package that is not
screwed or nailed down. because this
will save eggs from being fllched by
curious persons who can open the
| package in transit.
Never ship soiled egg. Nothing
SO disgusts a customer as to receive a
setting Of eggs which are dirty and of
poor shape.
| Eggs should be selected 50 that each
setting will be uniform in size, shape
and color when possible.
When the package Is ready to ship
place on it a label containing your
address and the address Of the Gus
toner plainly written. Never fail to
put your name on anything that will
help to advertise your business.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25
THE COW MUST HAVE WATER.

It Is foolish to expect cows to give
milk in quantity unless they have an
abundance of pure drinking water
Milk Is largely composed Of water and
we may as we'll try making bricks
without straw as to supply this in
scant quantity. You want q drink
when you want 1t. Does not the do
mestio animal have the same craving 2
If placed where she can get 1t at all
times she will drink more and do
better than when H. is only accessible
at stated intervals perhaps so far
apart that there ia tendency to drink
too much.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25
CARE OF THE MEADOW.

Where the gophers have worked up
the meadow sod, take common gar
den rake, smooth down the dirt
mounds, sprinkle seeds over them.
brush lightly again with the rake and
you viii not only avoid running your
sickles through the dirt and dulling
them, but a good set Of grass will
spring up and cover the ground. II
considerable area is worked up,
hitch to the harrow and level down
the gopher mounds, seed them and
harrow again after seeding.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

seeding. is refunded many times by
the benefit to q single crop. The ratio
between the cost and benefits Of these
dead-furrows makes them the most
profitable Of drains.
Areas now under cultivation with
fair surface drainage. but with an un-
derdrainage so poor that they are
cold, sour. and late, are next on the
list. They are twice as hard to cultivate
and only half as dependable as those
that are well drained. Underdrains
to make cultivation easier and crops
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

because these soils may expand enough
upon freezing to heave the tile to
damaging degree. Unglazed tile are
just as good as glazed tile, except at
an outlet exposed to the weather, At
such outlets glazed tile or wooden
fumes bear exposure without injury.
Three feet is the common depth Of
lines Of tile in sticky clay. In sandy SUBJ
soil a tile four feet deep can drain a
strip 200 feet wide as easily as one
three feet deep can drain strip 100
feet wide. Lines cutting of seepage
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

charged. This is one reason why H II
better to have several laterals dis
charge into single main than to let
each lateral discharge into a ditch.
Vertical drains are holes dug
through layer Of tight soil % that
the water may move downward past
this impervious layer. Those reach
Ing down to q coarse soil not filled
with water, are very efficient. The
question to be determined Is whether
or not they will work fast enough to
pay for themselves. Conditions found
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

tight clay soil near Geneva. N. Y. is
still working.
The roots Of trees sometimes clog
the tile. This occurs when water from
a distant source is carried by the tile
through soil from which no drain
age is taking place. In such cases
trees near the lines of tile should be
removed.
The path that water has to travel
through the soil is the same whether
1t be directed to an open drain of q
particular depth or to a line of tile Of
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25
DARK BARNS A MENACE.

Well lighted horse or dairy stalls
are even more imperative during the
winter months than in the summer,
since the absence Of light lowers the
Temperature. Then, leading the ami
mails forth into the glare of day after
.ne1r long confinement in the gloomy
stalls Is ia bla % bring on defective
cyesight, while the poorly lighted
stalls also contribute to the advance
ment Of almost every known ailment
of live stock.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25
FRENCH WAY OF
PREPARING FOWLS.

The French method of preparing
poultry for the market is acknowl-
edged, in some respects. superior to
others. The birds are made very fat
and plump and are manipulated TO
increase plumpness. A few feathers
are left on the tail and neck. Tho
skin is white and delicate. Each car
case Is tied with ribbon and n
shown back uppermost instead Of
breast up. according to the American
and English method.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25
EXAMINE THE HORSES FEET.

II you are in the business Of raising
horses, examine the feet of all the
stock that have been turned out to
pastuse during the past few months.
Rasp off the broken and uneven edges
of the hoof and If you discern any
indications Of quarter-or or sand
crack, file line above them and deep
enough to stop the crack as the new
hoof grows out. Better look after
the feet Of your horses and colts. 1t
will pay you In the end.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

the same depth and not full Of water.
The two are equally effective as I'M
derdrains In all soils, with the advan-
tage in favor Of the tile because it Is
out of the way.
In sand or clay, tile two feet deep or
more are not injured by freezing, pro-
vided they contain no standing water
when they freeze. In muck or peat,
tile should be laid below the frost line,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25
EXHIBIT YOUR POULTRY.

II you have some birds, n your
flock that you think will line up well
with the winners at the poultry show
when you are in the business for SELL
ing eggs for setting, do not hesitate to
exhibit them, but 1t will be wise to
have some expert poultryman Judge
them first. He may save you some
disappointments and then he may find
birds which are more likely to be
prize winners than those you have
yourself selected.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25
COMFORTABLE STOCK
IS PROFITABLE STOCK.

Keep the poultry comfortable.
Good food, good care and comfortable
quarters are the important factors In
making poultry pay. II the hens are
getting the above mentioned attention
and still not laying, they should make
up for lost time when the Matching
season comes around. !,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

We know farmers who do not make
a yearly profit Of IS per cow and yet
there are people who claim to have
made a net profit Of over IS each per
annum on hens in large punches. Do
you believe It?
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25
Stone Foundations
Cheapest and Best

II 1t is necessary to use a storage
tank for water pressure on the farm
tank built on the ground with a
stone foundation will be found much
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

more satisfactory than If built upon
wooden base. Some farmers have
storage tanks built in the tops of
barns. hut N occa sioral overflow or
little leakage will soon prove d.s-
astrous, for this will rot the timbers
underneath. A stone foundation will
prevent this trouble.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

Many dairy farmers are working
overtime to grow food and care for
20 cows when IL would yield as much
milk and butter fat.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

Get weanling colt used to being
battered and by tho time he Is six
months old he will stand hitchsd like
an old horse
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

Feed is high but we cannot afford
g stint the producing cows.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

The government built more than
1000 miles of trail and 5000 miles Of
telephone line on the national forests
in 1914.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

Corn, piping hot, sends the laying
hens to roost in proper state.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-03-25

Exercise is the best sheep tonic.
Corpus Christi caller and daily herald. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1911-1917, 1915-04-30

y y = y = y = y y = y y = = y = y
nf AseHgIHfod rress
KANSAS CITY April "a HOSE
Rrctlptt eiaa hiehct beM j3tu g.
Cattle lc,tirfe 'foa siesiN south.
eln STEERS eItHrft
Sheep Rreepts teNe ioNrr buh
SAaHlOta.
iN Associated Press
ttHRr WORTH ArrN sa linar
Reesipts isoe hlEher bule 1saf 80
cattle ReeeIpis a5Qe stesh heosea
fsoHEba
New-York tribune., 1915-01-31
TEAMWORK
WITH AUNTY

Drawing, by !. Poster Lincoln
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-10-05
SOCIAL WORKER
PITIES HEIRESS
Miss Loney's S25, coo Needs
Provoke Socialism. Says
Little Mothers Friend.
SURE AGE WILL CURB
GIRLS EXPENSE LIST
Mrs. Burns Hopes She Will Do as
Other Rich Women. Share
Wealth with Poor.

That is the sort Of hing that makes
socialism" Mrs. Clarence Burns, presi-
dent Of the Little Mothers Aid Asso-
citation. exclaimed when she read in the
papers yesterday that sixteen year old
Virginia b Loney. left heiress TO ST.
100000 when her parents died In the
Lusitana disaster. had asked the
courts. through her guardian. for an
allowance Of $4,000 a year
"No wonder there are Socialists. no
wonder there are anarchists. when one
girl spends $4,000 a year on herself
Mrs. Burns said. And there are thou
sands OF girls who are forced 20 live
or one hundrclth OF tha. sum But I
don't blame little Miss Loney Tor her
demand. II ism, her fault that she
THINKS she must have three servants, a
maid and a chauffeur. and spend $4,000
q year on clothes and 81 900 on Incl
dontala. It is the way she has been
brought up.
Il dare say that when sre gets p
little older she will find she reeds much
less. / know a good many rich girls
who choose 20 live and dress simply
and spend their surplus money on
charity or suffrage There will be
more Of them. TOO. as time goes on
The agitation for suffrage is opening
womeu's eyes 70 the inequalities Of 80
ciety to-day"
Miss Lone. who mesos me- plea u
the courts through Miss Mary B. Cham
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-10-05
JENNINGS TO TELL OF KILLER
E-- Bandit Wants Women &c Hear Ro-
suit of Home Mistreatment.

AL Jennings, former bandit and pres
ent revivalist, told the audience which
filed the Sumner Avenue Baptist
Church, in Brooklyn. last evening about
his life in the Ohio state prison. His
subject was "The Prison Demon and
he advocated reforms such as Thomas
Mott Osborne is trying out at sing
Sing. although he did not refer TO MI
Osborne by name.
About two-thirds of the audience was
composed Of men, and 1t was sald that
or,opo tbem were several ex-convicts
who after the service congratulated
Jennings on his work.
The revivalist will tell about "Zoie,
the Killer" tonight, and he has asked
the women Of Brooklyn especially 70
come and hear the story Of how early
mistreatment at home turned this, for
mer member Of his Oklahoma oand INTO
ONO of the worst murderers in the
state
Thus far Jennings has made no APP
peal for converts.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-10-05
ONE DUCK COSTS HIM 500
Jersey Hunter Shoots Fowl Of RaRre
Variety and is Fined

The honor Of killing the first wood
duct in New jersey for he last half
century cost Harry Barber. % 297 JEFF
ferson Street Paterson. 500 last night.
Barber vas arrested last November By
Game Wardeus Young and Paros.
charged with hav ng shot and killed
and having in his possession wood
duck. rare variety in this part Of the
country. with M extremely large crest.
BARRIERS case came before Justice Hut
ton. Of Clifton. but no decision wn 8
reached as he authorities were unable
70 stablish that it was a wood duck
Barber had killed.
Last night the case came up again
with Inspector Miller. of the Museum
Of Natural History, as a witness. tic
brought to Justice Hutton's court two
mounted ducks, one a teal. the other q
wood duck. BARRIERS bird had mean
time been mounted, and the court de-
cidcd that IL was wood duck. and i'm
posed the 800 fine Barber says nc
will appeal
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-10-05
Japan CHASES DIRT;
KILLS 10000 DOGS
Empire To Be Spick and Span
for Accession Rites.
,cor~cni.nc. Of ,h- ss,oaa,sd Pre-.


Toxic. Sept TO- The Cabinet to-
day convened the next regular Sea-
sion Of tho Die, for November %. The
accession ceremonies % Emperor Yo-
shihito will end about that time.
The official programme for the ac-
cession, announced to-day. shows that
the Emperor and court will leave Toxic
for Kioto on the morning Of November
s. After passing a night az The city OF
Nsgoya the Emperor VIII proceed 20
Kioto on November :, when. in kioto.
ancient capital OF the empire, series
Of rites and ceremonies which never
before in japanese history have been
witnessed by the people will begin.
Elaborate sanitary measures are be-
ing taken. Red Cross physicians, WITH
stats OF nurses. viii be stationed
throughout Toxic and Kioto. All me
big cities are carrying on gigantic
housecleanings In preparation for the
accession period.
Reports Of isolated cases Of hydro
phobia have led the health authoritie.
10 carry out a widespread removal OF
suspected dogs. In hioto alone lV'o.o
dogs have been killed since January /.