The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1915-08-05
WARSAW FALLEN,
GERMANS ENTER
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I GERMANS ENYGk
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days ago and that the Russian armies
on both sides of the Warsaw salient
began falling back at the same tins
the Warsaw garrison began crossing
the river to Praga.
! In the fighting east of the Bug, Ger
man cavalry have driven back To
Russian lines and supported by large
infantry forces are aiming at import
ant Russian railway communications.
The capture Of Warsaw was hailed
here as the greatest single achieve
ment Of the German campaign in the
east. The fall Of the Polish capital
climaxed the brilliant Austro-German
offensive that swept through Galtcia
taking Przemysl and Lemberg In rap
Id succession while the world looked
on In, establishment.
When the Russian garrison hed
over the Vfstula bridges, practically
the last Russian soldier had been
thrown from the south bank OF the
, Vistula. To the north and south the
Jaws of the great German battle ma
chine are pressing steadily closer to-
gether, threatening the envefopment
Of the Slav armies still grouped in
the Warsaw bend.
The moral effect Of the fall of
Warsaw is certain to be tremendous.
in the opinion of military men hero.
Even should the Russian armies ee-
cape an overwhelming disaster, the
Russian spirit will be- broken by the
en- before the Germans. It Is believed
here. Not only Will the RUSSIANS be
unable to start another offensive for
months to come, but the Germans
Will be IN position 20 protect their
eastern front from behind tho Wis
tu1a defenses with a minimum ex-
penditure Of men.
Prom the plains east Of Praga and
Warsaw. the Russians are expected to
retreat steadily until they reach the
line running through Siedlce, fifty
miles east OF Warsaw and sixty miles
west OF tie fortress of Brest Litovsk.
Siedlce, an important railway center.
10 surrounded by swampy country
that makes 1t difficult Of approach by
an attacking army and consequently
an ideal base. Railways radiate from
1t to the districts held by the Russian
armies now fighting along the Narew
and to the southeast against Macken-
sens.
In supreme command OF the CAM
paiEn that resulted In the capture az
Warsaw was Field Marshal Won din
denburg, Germanys popular hero. It
was Won Hindenburg's third attempt
to reach the Polish capital. two PREF
ious efforts having been Beaten back
Early in the war Won Hindenburg's
armies rolled over the Russian from
tier and descended to the gates Of
Warsaw. A ten days battle was
fought on the plain west OF the city.
Won Hindenburg was definitely beat
en- and forced TO retire on October -.
A month later the attempt was re-
peated. The Germans succeeded In
piercing the Russian limos south OF
LODI, but were again halted. They
took UP positions west of the capital
and entrenched for the winter. After
|innicting crushing defeat early In
the year on the Russians who invaded
the Mazurian lakes region, Won Hin
denburg's right wing moved In the di-
rection Of Warsaw, but was checked
almost before the offensive was got
ten under way. German troops were
then diverted from the Warsaw front
for the Galician campaign.
Whether the kaiser entered tho civ
with the Bavarfan troops Ii not yet
known. The emperor was reported to
have planned to accompany the first
German regiments into the Polish cap
ital, but his exact whereabouts in the
last forty.eight hours are q mystery.
He was last officially reported at tho
Galician headquarters Of the Austrian
Archduke Frederick.
The capture Of Warsaw by the Ger
mans, officially announ ced today. ends
more than a century Of Russian domf
nation of the Polish capital. a city Of
about 100000 people and sometimes
referred to as the paris" Of Russia.
Warsaw first came to be city Of
Importance as the residence OF the
duke Of Masovia, in the middle ages.
It became the capital OF Poland early
in the seventeenth century, supplant-
ing Cracow, though Cracow remained
the Polish coronation city.
warsaw was lost by the Poles in a
great three days battle in July. 1858,
when the forces OF Charles of Swe-
den conquered the city, the troops Of
Frederick William, the great elector"
having participated In the attack. In
1902 Swedish troops under Charles
XII again entered the city.
Warsaw was again forced to capttu-
late, this time to the Russians. who
stormet the city in 1924. entering
from the east. From 1875 to 1906,
the city was held by Prussia and for
the following six years was ruled by
the king OF Saxony as vassal of Ma
poleon. The Russians occupied War
saw again IN 1913 and made It the
capital OF the Kingdom Of Poland.
For many decades the Poles in War
saw were restless under the rule OF
the car. Plots OF revolution were
constantly in process Of formation. A
serious revolt broke out in 1880. but
In September, 1881, the cars forces
re-entered the city. The car built
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