The Dermott news., 1915-07-29
SYSTEM W0RKSNELL
State Probation Commission Is
Lauded by New York.
Experiment Has Proved in Every Way
Worthy, and Authorities Are
Unanimous In Opinion That
IL Be Maintained.

One of the most active of the small
departments OF the New York state
government Is the state probation
commission. As shown by a recent
report on the state departments pre-
pared for the benefit of the constitu-
tional convention by the department
of efficiency and economy and the
New York bureau of municipal re.
search this commission is entirely sep
arate in its organization and duties
from any other state department. 1t
has a large and unique field. namely.
that OF developing, extending and i'm
proving probation work in all the
courts of the state.
Probation is defined as a system by
which a court seeks to supervise. dis
cipline and reform offenders without
branding them as prisoners and with
out sentencing them to Jail or prison.
1t is intended especially for the young
or first offenders. Ii Is used in all
kinds OF courts and for all sorts OF
o~ffenses. but ii is perhaps Of greater
Importance in the juvenile court. Pro
baton has been called the right arm
Of the juvenile court"
The first probation law in the state
was enacted in 1901. Following the
enactment of this law probation work
in the courts developed slowly and
irregularly throughout the state. A
special commission to study the work
was authorized by the legislature OF
1905: ten men and four women were
appointed on this commission by Gov
ernor Higgins. The commission made
a thorough inquiry and presented a
report the following year. Out OF its
work and recommendations grew the
present state probation commission.
The commission was created by the
legislature in 1907. Homer Folks has
been president of the commission since
its creation. Frank f. Wade. another
OF the original commissioners. is now
vicepresident. The other members
are Edward c. Blum OF Brooklyn,
Edmund J. Butler OF New York, Judge
Alphonso 7. Clearwater OF Kingston
and DR.. John T. Finley, commission.
er OF education The present secretary
Of the commission is Charles l.. Chute.
who succeeded Arthur w. Towne In
1913.
Some OF the work re commission
has accomplished toward extending
and developing the probation system
In the state is Indicted by the follow.
ing facts; When the commission
began its work in 1907 there wele
were l,620 persons Of all ages on pro
baton. At the end of ,91f there were
1925. Besides assisting in this
great extension, the commission has
constantly urged discrimination in the
selection OF eases and the all impor-
lance OF careful and thorough work on
the part of probation officers.
The report of the commission oX.
tending over seven years show that
more than 70 per cent of all persons
placed on probation are reported by
the probation officers each year as
completing their terms OF probation
successfully and being discharged with
Improvement.
The cost of the state prisons. peni-
tclAldl ltS, duulN anu Atiile iCioi'Ha'
tories. for maintenance alone in 1918
was s2.292. 349. This takes no ac-
count OF the vast sums expended in
lands. buildings and equipment and the
sums spent annually for repairs aud
new construction. The average daily
population Of the institutions
throughout the year was 11.4l4. max
ing the per capita cost for u years
confinement s200.SS. The entire es-
timated cost OF the probation system
for the year 1919 was s253.675. This