davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1915-10-28
TRIES TRAVELLING HOSPITAL.
Dr.. CarreI win Take Five Auto
Tracks AIong the Front.

Special Tdb'e Despdfch 10 THE SuS.
PARIS, Oct. % tCensored) DIR. Alexis
Carrel OF the Rockefeller Institute for
Medical Research. who has been in
charge OF a hospital at Compiegne. is to
devote part of his time to operating and
research work in a travelling hospital
composed OF five automobile trucks, two
OF which will carry a portable operating
room. another a sterilizing plant a
fourth an electrical generating plant
and the fifth AN N-ray room.
The travelling hospital will make its
headquarters at -. The hospital
outfit will go on the road at the end OF
next week and will be thoroughly tried
out along the front. retreating during
bombardments.
Dr. Carrel will still supervise the fifty
bed hospital at Compiegne. and II is
probable that = further extension OF his
activities In another direction will be
announced in a few weeks.
The sun., 1915-10-28
BUILDERS DEFEND FL,
-"''r'" boat 90. Believes Omen
Valves Caused Loss.

5'"' "" 'rr Boat Company gave out
nov. '"'''" ug statement yesterday in
,os ,s'p" 20 tn" naval boards report on
"Th' 'ou Of lead lining and corro-
'on Of r.Nets would Indicate lack OF
@ vi vessels and machinery are
t,' Zoo rorrodc an~ should he regu-
' ".''Iaulcd. cleaned and painted.
The sun., 1915-10-28
pop. Condemn. Attack on Venice.

SVeo1dT 'dOTe DeSp"'o" TO '"* WV.
ROME, Oct. 2'-Pope benedict. him-
self . Venetian. has written to the
Patriarch Of Venice publicly condemning
the Austrian aerial raid on that city
as unjustificd destruction OF churches.
which the Austrians promised TO spare
after the bombardment Of the Rimini
and Ancona cathedrals.
The sun., 1915-10-28

While Fay, who came to this conn
try with specific instructions from the
German secret Office. is hiding the names
Of his superiors in this country. II ia ex-
pected that there may be important ar
rests bearing on the financial end be-
fore long The facts divulged by this
investigation can he pieced by the direct
ing heads in Washington with hundreds
OF bits OF other information gathered
throughout the country by secret service
men ami investigators OF the Depart
ment of Justice since the beginning or
the war.
The Federal officials say that the men
who furnished the money for Fay and
Scholz, or who were associated with the
enterprises. rs - charged against MaN
Breitung- arrived from Chicago
yesterday and surrendered hnsc!f-and
pr kienzlc and Paul Dacsche, VIII lie
called to face an equally grave charge.
Another fact that proves that the
United States officials do not believe
Fay and Schozk statement that they
wished merely To blow on rudhcrs of the
munition ships was obtained from capt.
Harold &. Woodward. of the Corps oi
Engineers. an expert in high explosives
and himself the inventor of gelatinous
tri-nitro-toluol
Capt. Woodward said that II the
amount of high explosive, either tri-
nitro-tuluol or an explosive made from
chloraie OF potash and benzol. were en-
plo<ied at the rudd'r Of a ship 1t would
not merely blow off the ruddcr
The sun., 1915-10-28
Max Bretung,
Waiting arraigned before Commissioner Houghton

men arrested. There ares hundreds OF
facts that have To be pieced like bits of
mosaic to make a complete picture and
TO point TO other unneutral acts.
With the arrest Of Max Breitung.
nephew of Edward ~ Breitung. pur-
chaser of the German ship Dacia. the
five persons for whom warrants were
issued have been taken. but another
series OF arrests is expected soon.
Breitung. who left Chicago on Tues
day morning on learning that he was
wanted here. changed trains up State
and arrived by IL train on which he
was not expected. He aligh;ed at l.5th
street. took a taxicab to the Office OF
Stanchfeld Il Levy IN the Equitable
Building and had conference with
William NJ. 'arke. who is associated
with John H. Stanchfield.
Breitung then called Mr. Marshall by
telephone and announced his presence.
Mr. parke took the telephone and ar
ranged To have his ellen, in court at
II 80. Promptly on the minute Brei-
tung, accompanied by NJ, Parke. pre-
sentcd himself AT the United States At
torncy's office and Went before United
States Commissioner lioughton.
Breitung. who Is "A young man. wears
glasses and liz modest appearing. listened
while the commissioner read the war
rant lie h,d nothing to say, and Mr..
llOughtuu set bail at $4,000, wlSch was
furnished 10y the National surety Com
pany Hearing was set for November
I, AZ | o'clock.
'retung, when questioned hy reporters,
hut had nothing to say. Mr Park" said
that Mr Stanchiield was in W. Shing-
ton. but would return to-day, when a
statement would be issued in behalf OF
Breitung.
Mr.. Marshall said last night that the
evidence in the ease would be presented
to the November Grand Jury and that
IN all probability indictments would he
lSnded down before the hearing Mr.
Marshall also said that more arrests
were expected
The sun., 1915-10-28
|BANK LOOTERS TO Be
SENTENCED ON NOV. 81
Baron Oppenheim, DR.. Rogers
and Ex-Assemblyman MUIR
ply to Appeal.
BR1CE TO BE TRIED LATER

f. Oppenhelm and DR.. Howard j. Rogers
OF New York and ex-State Assemblyman
Richard Murphy OF Amsterdam. con-
victed by jury In the United states
District Court here late last night OF
conspiracy and OF aiding and abetting
william T. Brice In embezzling FUNDS
amounting To nearly $4,000 from the
First Nationa. Bank of Amsterdam. VIII
be sentenced by Judge George W. Ray
In this city November =. Brlce was
individual bookkeeper ard teller at the
bank at the time the defalcations took
place.
Counsel for the defendants will ask
for new trial, but It is believed thai
the application will be denied. In this
event application will be made for
writ of error allowing appeal to the
United States Circuit Court Of Appeals.
This. 1t Is expected, viii be granted.
Warrants were issued May %? 1914.
by the United States Commissioner at
Albany for the arrest of Rogers, Open
he m. Murphy and Brice and IN July j.
1914. an irdictment was returned by
the Federal Grand Jury, sitting at Wa
tertown. There were 460 counts in the
indictment, mostly based upon checks
which were drawn on the First National
Bank OF Amsterdam by the defendants.
none OF whom had a bona idc account
in that bank. Brce took care" OF the
checks from the funds of the bank and
later confessed to his defalcatiors.
First Trial Postponed.
Most OF these checks, drafts and GER
tihcates of deposit were introduced at
the trial which was first called for the
June term. but which was postponed
owing 10 "A challenge OF the jury panel
by Judge Charles y. Bulgar of Oswego
and senator t.lon Il, Brown of Water
town. counsel for the defendants. A new
jury panel was ordered drawn and the
trial begun again on September 4 Sem
ator Brown later withdrew from the case.
Brice became heavily involved In the
business promotion projects fostered
by Oppenher 4 Co. OF New York.
Of which Baron Oppenheim WAS presi-
dent and DIR. Rogers vice-prcsident. lie
signed an agreement to underwrite
100000 worth of the stock of the COM
pany. Following this the checks signed
by Oppenheim and Rogers began ia
come into the Amsterdam bank accom-
panied bN letters urging the bank em-
poyec to take care OF them. put
them on ice" and other similar eXhorta-
tions.
Murphy. the evidence showed. drew
checks on the bank which Brice hon
ored. although Murphy had no account
/ thor, Rri,o had h.c, ,l.,,.J She,ify
Of Montgomery county for three years.
mainly thro,.h tn. Influence, OF Nur.
,hy. a poli,lc, Ieader in thar county
and had lent Nurnby NANCY durinp hi 3
Sbrieyalty terms Th, drawing of checks
continued after Rrlce had returned TO
the bank after serving as sheriff.
Turns states witness.
,,u, ,.,, ,,i.,, .t,h ~
o,,'..'. ,'', H. ~, ,',,,".s Co., ,hs
,,.',ea.,,,. ",t,aU'. ,',i S,.,as
a,,i,,,,,co a., a, v,s ,h,n,,vh his ,as,,-
now m a l,,go dagr... mai IN. convic.
,,nn of tho def.pdants was made nos.
slble n, may he tried AT !, l,ser term
Of the United States District Court for
hi- share IN IN. embczzl,meut In his
The sun., 1915-10-28
Continued from First Page.

Snowden Marshall. United States A,tor-
ney. The clue Is leading TO the men who
have been handling German money In
this country. to the men who have ex-
pended many millions of dollars here in
propaganda, passport frauds and other
lines.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29
The Moderate Drinker.

NUTCHINS HAPGOOD. who believes
that the saloons turn many a la
borer into poet and philosopher, was
talking about the temperance move
ment.
There's a bit of fanaticism in this
movement at times" he said. "A bit of
absurdity. Like the cigarette move
ment of the 90s, you know. when ciea
rette smoking was supposed to produce
softening of the brain.
II once heard man in a very fanati-
cal temperance meeting say from the
Eallery-and in the midst of all thai
fanaticsm his words did no good.
".Friends, he said. 4 quite agree that
the worst of all is the moderate drink
err And / ought to know. too. Yes.
friends, I'm an authority. For don't |
run the Knothole, the ail-night saloon
on the corner of Steenth street? The
moderate drinker, friends, comes into
my place, orders one large beer. blows
off the foam and hands the glass back
to the bartender to me re-flled-all at
the one price, mind you-and then he
sist down at the best table with the
three evening papers. And there he
stays nursing his one glass, till II
o'clock. But the teetotaler-the teeto-
taller now, bless him-he just comes t"
the back door. gets his pint flask filled
with the best in the house. and is of
home again like a streak or hight
ming"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

abor on the projects after their lands
are ready for tillaE".
The present contract atlntS about
81 ,o00. 0GG gold to each project. whereas
it is declared that it would have b"sn
better to have provided for feWfE
projects at the start and t" have al
lotted moro money to each project. 1t
is evidently the plan Of tn" govern
ment to make the money go as far as
it will and then trust that more Will
be forthcoming to finish whatever
projects are not completed by the
original appropriation.
The labor problem is more serious
The better class of rerurians is frank
~ dubious of the country's native In
dian and half-breed population from
which now all the lahorerS come. 1t
liz the hope that the new irrigated
lands will attract immigration from
Europe. The contract calls upon the
engineer to import a certain amount
of immigrant labor to work in the
construction gangs. and ii Is the ex-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

in Lima before many months, and this
bank will certainly bring favorable op-
portunities for investment to the at
tention of American capitalists. OPP
portunity literally begs capital Ill Peru
at present. So strong is the demand for
money that the banks pay as high
d. per cent on time deposits, and they
get to 10 per cent on loans. There is
little investing in real estate in Peru
now, because it is more profitable to
leave money on deposit in the banks.
Peru's vast mineral wealth has
scarcely been touched. The lack OF
transportation is preventing almost all
development. The Andes are chiefly
celebrated outside of Peru for their
copper, gold and silver, but many other
valuable minerals exist in abundance.
The greatest supply of vanadium in
the world is here. Tungsten is plenti-
full. There is a great supply of lead
and proba bly, much tin. Both soft and
hard Goals are found. There is a huge
supply of anthracite. the veins running
from central Peru south clear to the
Chilean border. There is also much
iron ore. But no steel is manufactured.
no iron smelted or no coal mined.
Again the lack of transportation may
be blamed.
Moreover, unless methods of noun
tain transportation more practicable
than the railways already in use are
devised there is no chance that Peru
Wan iron and coal could compete with
foreign products. even in the Peruvian
market. No sufficient geological sur
vey of Peru has even been made. There
is no estimating her resources, but
from the days of the lncas to the
present it has been known that Peru
stores tremendous mineral wealth!
Peru today believes she stands on
the threshold of a great destiny. Even
the hurrying American traveller can see
her great possibilities. She is as our
own Pacific coast was half century
ago She is much as Argentina was
when British capital first entered as
the forarunner of the great British
trade there today. Americans are bid
ding for the future trade of Perd. and
Peru's answer is: Come and invest
soar money and help us grow.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

to-:.tion of hunus to VIC soil, crop
t;,iiou ana :: better selection "t cops
20 br grown.
After his experiments Ii" decided lhtt
barley offers the most promise. and in
some respects the barley grown by him
WAS superior to that produced i'll favor
able regions in the United States. He
also advised a careful study of the pos
SiblitieS of wheat growing, although
he himself did not have time to expert
ment with this crop. Alfalfa and other
forage crops promise we'll The chief
product however. of the highlands IS
wool. Mr.. Harlan urged the improve
ment in the breeds of the herds. Wool
is already an important product of
Peru. almost all of it coming from the
mountains. With better farming and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

.pectation that these laborers will stay
on the projects as farmers when the
water flows i'll the irrigation bitches.
But it is difficult to see how Peru
can now attract European immigration
to these lands. Even California, with
it's superior advantages, has been I'M
able to attract this immigration to
the extent desired. 1t may be after
the present war that there will be such
an exodus of laborerS from Europe
that Peru will share in the immigra-
ton, but there is no certainty about it.
The second great farming area of
Peru is in the mountains on the plateaus.
The history of farming in this region
is as old as the agricultural history
of any portion of the two Americas.
The hills there were terraced and irrf-
gated by the populations under the
rule of the Incas before the white man
came, and the cultivation was more
Intelligent than that practieed by all
but a few tribes of Nortl American
Indians.
The farming methods of the Andean
Indians have changed but little to this
day. The same primitive tools are still
in use, and the irrigation is through
the same bitches. some of them cen
turtles old It is 4. tribute. to the orig
inal fertility of this soil that, after
generations of unscientiflc cropping,
fair yields are still produced.
The Peruvian corporation. which IL
the British syndicate operating the
railways of Peru. recently secured the
services of a scientist from the Depart
ment OF Agriculture at Washington to
study the agricultural possibilities Of
the valley of Lake Titicaca. The de-
partment sent H. V. Harlan, who spent
several months at Juliaca, near Lake
Titicaca. growing experimental crops.
1t was the official judgment of Mr.. Har-
Ian that by using intelligent. but by no
means intensive. methods of farming,
the agricultural output of this large
region might easily be doubled, and
perhaps tripled. He advised the use of
modern farming implements, improve
ments in the irrigation systems, res
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

breeding methods, Mr. Harlan predicted
that the wool output wouA double.
In addition, the Indians raise the al
paca for it's valuable wool. No scien-
tif1c improvement of the alpaca has
ever been attempted The American
expert urged experimentation along
this line. The only trees which grow
In the Andes are eucalyptus, imported
originally from Australia. Mr.. Harlan
advised that pines from the southern
United States, cyprus and California
evergreen oaks be planted. He also in
dictated promising prospects for some
varieties of North American fruits and
berries. none of which are now pro-
duced in Peru.
In general character the Andes are
two parallel ranges of mountains rum
ming from north to south, with the
lofty plateau, part of which was de-
scribed by Mr.. Harlan. lying between.
This plateau in places is 100 miles wide
and more. and it teens with Indian
population. The altitude of the plateau
is all above 1900 feet above sea level,
giving it a climate SO cold that only
few of the temperate zone plants can
be grown there. But those few are
valuable ones. The Indians are fairly
Industrious but they are poor. The
trade of the region is largely in the
hands of Germans, who manufacture
for the natives what articles they need.
including the picturesque ponchos and
beaded caps universally worn by them
Il
The third great agricultural region OF
Peru is the district beyond the Andes,
the great hinterland. No man knows
the possibilities of this region, but it
has been most enthusiastically de-
scribed by the few travellers who have
explored it. President Benadides has
been in this country. and he believes 1t
1f 81 ~
earth.
But now it is almost as effectively
sealed from exploitation by white men
as though it were on the moon. The
Andean barrier cannot be crossed prof
itably by any known method of trans
portation. 1t is to this region that
Peru hopes American capitalists and
engineers will turn their genius and
open it to the world.
The barrier now is Impossible be-
cause of its abrIptuess. Not the height
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29
for Getting South American Trade

Americans Must Invest in Native En-
terprises-Other Nations Have Found That
an Effective Method for Obtaining a Foot
hold-They Are Now Firmly lntrenched.
but~the West Coast Offers Great Oppor-
tunities-Agricultural Possibilities of Peru.
Experiments of a United States Govern
ment Expert-Barriers to Development.
The Future.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

of the passes (Which are very high,
but their short distance from the sea-
board makes them thus far an unsolv-
able problem for the engineer The
pass on the Oroya railroad, nearly TO-
900 feet high, Is only about 100 miles
from Callao at the sea. The most pow
erful locomotives can draw trains of
only half dozen ears up this grade.
equipped with new brake shoes after
each trip down from this pass.
Under those conditions the freight
rates prohibit all but the most profit
tation of copper ana the more precious
metals. There are millions of feet of
timber seventy-f1ve miles east of the
mountain terminus of the Oroya rail-
road. but 1t is cheaper to build with
California lumber in Cerro de Pasco,
which Is the terminal town.
The harbors of Peru are for the most
part not harbors at all. but open road
steads. \ days journey north of Cal
lao there is a landlocked bay called
Chimbote, with deep water enough to
float two navies. but almost unused
Many peruvians would like to see this
bay become a naval station for the
United States, and no doubt this ma
ton could secure 1t on favorable terms.
1t Is one of the two best harbors north
of Valparaiso. neither one of which is
now used commercially.
Most of all Peru would like to see
Chimbote become the ocean terminus
of a transandean line of railroad that
would cross into the mountain country
east of the Andes, where Peru has an
immense territory, and terminate on
navigable water tributary to the ANA
zon. 1t is declared that near Huaraz,
in northern Peru, there is an Andean
pass less than 5000 feet above sea lev
ell, and that this pass could be used by
railroad running inland from CHM
bote.
If this route should prove to be feast
BILE it might we'll be Peru's future to
have agricultural products worth more
than her great mineral output. and
she might some day. attract hordes of
European immigration. She is now ex-
pecting that American capital will
eventually interest itself in this de-
velopment. She expects our capital to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29
A Sad Truth.

n y army officer lamented. at dinner
~ at Atlantic City, the marriage of
a rich widow of seventytwo with
young hotel clerk.
at is a sad truth, said he. that the
declining years of some women are also
their accepting ones. q
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

III NJ the trade of South America the
q " resources of American capital
lists must be sent into South America
TO aid in it's development. This asser-
ton almost automatic with business
philosophers. is at once 4 promise and
:: encouragement to the American busl-
.less man.
1t is Il discoura cement because Euro
Dean capital has already largely taken
up the opportunities in the more popu-
lous countries of South America, where
the foreign trade is today a prize
worthy of the struggle.
1t is a promise because the lands of
South America which are richest in
natural resources are as yet scarcely
touched by the magic hand of capital.
These are the Andean territories, which
some day may support great and pros
porous populations.
In Argentina, for instance, British,
German and Italian capital is invested
by the hundreds of millions, while
American capital is scarcely represent
ed at all How, then. can American eN-
porters hope to gain a trade from a
market SO largely under the control OF
European capital?
NO Oouut the eAteHt Va <.Hoi iSnh
gressions in that trade Will be limited,
though the volume of it can be much
greater than at present. But when the
railroads. the banking houses, the re-
tail mercantile business and many OF
the great industrial enterprises are in
the hands of Europeans. the trade
which these concerns contro! Is nat
urally going in large part to the manu-
facturerS of Europe. No one but the
widest optimist ever expects to see
American trade in Argentina attain the
preponderance held at present, for ex-
ample, by British producers.
On the west coast of South America,
however the situation Is different.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29

This article is based the observations Of
NJ. Robert r. Wilson and other members OF
the party headed by former senator Theo
dore T.. Burton OH thciY tour Of South
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29
BY ROBERT F. WILSON.

q q OTHING is more certain than
IMU that if Americans are to gain
II Nj the trade of South America the
q " resources of American capital
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-29
How Europe Appeared On
Maps of 1000 Years Ago

city in Roman times which the Romans
called Vienna. Where Calais is today
was the city of Gessoriacum.
The Crimea was called the Cherone-
SuS. OF the rivers that flow south and
east into the Black sea, the Dneister
was known as the Tyras river, the Bug
was called the Hypanis, the Dneiper
was the Burusthenes and the Don was
the Tanais, The Nolga flowing into
the Caspian sea was called the Ria
The Hunni, or the Huns, dwelt in the
lands drained by the Don and the Vol
ga and their country appears on the
very old maps to have included parts
both of Sarmatia and Scythia.
4
Geneva was a city in the Roman days
and its name then as ii is now, &c
neva." London was on the map as
Londinium. Britannia was Roman-ruled
territory, but Caledonia and Hibernia
We're not marked on the maps as con-
quered lands. Ii Rome had any influ-
ence in what is now Scotland or in
what the world today knows as Ire
land that influence was extremely
light In Hibernia. on the site of Dub
lin. the Romans marked a city called
Eblana.
In the country of the Balkan states,
parts of Dacia. Moesia, Thrace and Ma
cedonia. one finds some old cities as for
examples. Hadrianoplis (Adrianople)
Philippopolis. Philippi and Marcianopo-
lis. No cities appear on the sites of
Bucharest. Belgrade and Sophia. though
there may have been small towns there
which were not considered of much
consequence by classic photographers.
The maps of the Roman empire show
western Asia dotted with cities and
Byzantium was. of course, standing
where Constantinople stands today, at
the tip of Europe on the western side
of the Bosporus, in Thrace. On the
eastern side of the Bosporus was
Chalcedon. South of the Dardanelles.
the city of Illium or Troy, marked on
the maps of the time of the Persian
empire, had disappeared and was not on
the maps of the times of the Caesars.