davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17
TAFT's PEACE PLAN
Former President Says Neutrals
Should Work for Tribunal.

Shouid WORK TOT lTlpufdi.
Philadelphia, June 17-Former
President Taft in an address last
night outlined the plan for the pro-
posed league of peace which will be
discussed in independence hall today.
Mr. Taft firmly believes that a
league of peace" could be formed
which would enable nations to avoid
war by furnishing practical means
for settling international quarrels or
"suspending them until the binding
heat of passion had cooled"
At the conference today proposals
will be considered for league of
peace and steps taken with view to
obtaining the support of public opln-
ion and of governments. The nation
al provision committee, which called
the conference, includes well-known
publicists, educators, peace adyo-
Gates, editors and economists. This
committee gave dinner last night
at which Mr.. Taft was assigned the
part of delivering the keynote
speech. Others who spoke last night
we're President Lowell of Harvard
university, Oscar S. Straus, a mem
ber of the Hague court Hamilton
Holt of New York and former Judge
George Gray of Delaware, also a
member Of the Hague court. I'm cal
ling this meeting Mr.. Taft said,
my associates and l have not been
unaware that we might be likened to
the tailors of Tooley street who mis-
took themselves for the people of
England. We wish first to say that
we don't represent anybody but our
selves.
eve hope and pray for peace and
our hope of its coming in the near
future is sufficient to make us think
that the present is good time to dis
cuss and formulate a series of dispos
ais to which the assent of number
of the great powers could be secured.
We think a league OF peace could be
formed which would enable nations
to avoid war by furnishing a practic-
al means of settling international
quarels or suspending them until the
binding heat of passion could be
cooled. When the world conference
is held our country will have its Off
cial representative to speak for us.
We, tailors of Tooley street, will not
be there. but if in our sartorial leis-
ure we shall have discussed and
framed a practical plan for league
of peace our official representative
will be aided and may in their discre-
tion accept it and present it to the
conference as their own
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17
REWARD OFFERED
WilIful Injury to Property on the
Public Playground.

Whilet he Bennington playground
pleasure of the children the grounds
and equipment do not belong to the
general public. These are donated
or owned by generous citizens who
wish to afford the young people Of
Bennington a wholesome place in
which to play Either the children
do not appreciate their privileges or
else a few individuals are selfshly
and willfmy destroying property
which does not belong to them.
At all events, injury to the play
ground equipment has become SO
serious of late, that it has heen
found necessary to take preventative
steps. A number of the young trees,
which it has taken several years of
care to raise, have been broken down
completely by the larger boys, pre-
sumably when they have been using
the diamond for base ball. Other
trees have been deliberately stripped
of their bark Benches and appara-
tus have ben defaced by carving
with knives The latest offence has
been the theft of chains from the
giant stride.
A reward is offered by those in
charge for the return of the chains
or information as to where they can
be located. Trespassing upon or
~ Of To-
by law. Accordingly on the play
ground, further offences will be pun
ished by a heavy fine. 1t behooves
all parents to impress upon their
children that while the playground
is open to them for their pleasure.
any injury to the equipment will be
a serious matter.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17
Soft, Fluffy Hair
Is First Aid to Beauty

If your hair is not fluffy, soft and
lustrous, is falling out, streaked, fad
ed. brittle or full of dandruff, and if
the scalp itches, do not think it must
always be that way. for pretty hair
is only matter Of care and the use of
Partisan Sage, delightful toilet
necessity.
This helpful tonic supplies just the
elements needed to invigorate the
hair roots and stimulate our hair to
grow long, thick, fluffy, soft AMI lust
rous. 1t removes all dandruGf With
one application and quickly steps
itching head and falling hair. Paris
ian Sage is the ideal hair tonic and
scalp treatment, sold by w. l.. Gokay,
it contains nothing injurious, i8 deli
cately perfumed. inexpensive and
surely gives your hair the beauty and
charm Of youth.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17
122, 4O8 RUSSIANS
MADE PRISONERS
IN TWO WEEKS
SIavs Can't Stop TeutOn Drive
Toward lemberg
INVADERS COMBINE FORCES
Mackensen Likely to Be in Lemberg
Before the End Of the
Month.
INVADERS COMBINE FORCES

London, Thursday, June 1.-THE
great Austro-German drive toward
Lemberg, the capital of Eastern Gal
icia, continues yictoriously, notwith-
standing that the Russians are NOV
ing reinforcements to their retreat
ing line. The only section in which
the Cars forces appear to be check
ing their foes advance is that be-
tween the Dniester marshes and Eur
awna.
Vienna official advices claim the
capture during the first fifteen days
of June of no fewer than 1913 Russian
officers, 122,30O men, 53 cannon, and
1877 machine guns.
The armies of Generals Macken-
sen, hinsinger, and Pfanzer which
were operating at widely separated
sections along the front, are reported
to be in contact and there appears to
be every likelihood that General
Mackensen will make good his boast
to be in Lemberg before July /,
though in the case of the Russians
it is never safe to prophesy. 1t is re-
called that similar confidence in the
capture of Warsaw by certain date
vas made by General Won linden
burg, but the Germans never reach
ed their goal.
1t is, however, pointed out that III
the present case the Russians are
sadly hamperod by lack of sufficient
ammunition, whereas the Austro-
German artillery is so prodigal of it
that the Russians are literally blast
ed from position after position.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

SOUTH sHAFTsHURY WON
School Improvement Contest With
Several Prizes.

Several Prizes.
The Grammar room in the South
Shaftsbury school taught by Miss
Eva NJ. Miller won the first prize of
$25 in the county school improve
ment contest conducted by the Ben
nington County Improvement associa
tion. The contest ended on June 1st,
since then the schools have been Wis
tied and yesterday the committee
composed of H. II. Kibby principal
of the North Bennington high school,
Miss Ruth Perkins of Burr and Burt
on Seminary and Miss Mathilde Vos-
sler of the Bennington Civic league,
met and decided the winners.
The second prize of SIS went to
the rural school in Rupert taught by
Miss Mary II. Gibson, and the third
county prize of $40 went TO the rural
school of Miss Marie A. Buck of Arl-
ington.
The teachers of the schools which
won the town prizes of S. each are
as follows: Arlington, Dorothy
Houghton; bennington, Marjorie Bur
CESS; Dorset, Jessie d. Flanders;
Readsboro, Maude E. Willette; Rup-
ert, Ruth E. Newman; Sandgate, Ag-
nes f. keefe; Salisbury, Bessie
I4akin and Stamford, Lillas Barnett.
The contest has been great sue
cess not only in bringing about inn
provements but in awakening a live
ly interest in better schools through
out the county Hundreds of boys
and girls have been at work for three
months, teachers, parents, school di-
rectors and others have helped.
All the schools kept floors, win
dows, blackboards, yard and sur
roundings clean, five schools had
walls painted Or whitened, ten
schools had woodwork painted or
vanished, nine had floors oiled. sew
en- secured new window shades or
turned old ones, two made new
sash curtains, II secured new pict-
ures, seven secured books for their
libraries. four provided individual
drinking cups, improved the meth
cd of ventilation, built window box
es, repaired or secured new nag,
piled up wood in shed, graded
the yard, built new walks or steps.
One set OF steps were built from
waste marble, two walks were built
from cobblc stone and cinders.
Twenty schools started school gard
ems, while in fourteen the children
started home gardens, . schools
built play ground apparatus, 112
trees were set out on Is school wards
one school was painted. school im-
proyement organizations were form
ed. Money was raised by entertain
ments, soap orders, candy sales, sup
pers. ohidren's earnings and child
ren's contributions. Other accom-
plisbmonts were charts, maps and
flags secured shelves built. clocks
and thermometers purchased. man
ufacturer's exhibits held row OF
seats changed to give better lighting,
stoves and pipes BACKED, hooks put
up for hats and towels, trees trim
med. ditch dug for drainage, two
stone walls built and one school set
up the name of the village in stones
and whitewashed them
The Bennington County Improve
ment association is much encouraged
over the success of the contest and
is considering holding another next
year.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

London, June 17.-The British
steamer Trafford has been sunk by
IA German submarine 80 miles off the
Small islands. Her crew of 30 were
landed at Milford Haven today
Berlin, via Sayyille, l.. l., June
1.-THE German admiralty admil
that the submarine U-14 has been
sunk by the British and her crew
made prisoners.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17
noMMIssIoNERs, NOTICE

Estate of EDWARD d. BENNETT.
The undersigned, having been appoipted by
Of Remington, COMMIsSl0 NERS to receive,
examine and adjust the claims and demands nf
oil persons against the estate of Edward D.
Bennett, late oi.Bennington. in SAID District,ds
ceased. and all claim1 Exhibited in Offset there
to, hereby give motto, that we will meet for
the purpose aforesaid, at the office of NASH
Hutchins n the Town of Bennington. in said
District on the Sth day of December 1915
next, from four O'Clock y. M. until six
O'Clock u; m. on said day, ard ttat
six months from the Sth day OF June, A .
ID. 1915, is the time limited by said Court for said
creditors to present their claims to us for ex
animation and allowance
Dated at Bennington this 9th day of June,
A. ID. 1915.
II. II. WEBSTER,
ii. il. HUTCH vs.,
CJmmissioners.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17
BUSY DAY FOR JUDGE HOLDEN
A Number of Cases disposed Of This
Morning.

Municipal Judge Holden disposed
of more cases this forenoon than
have come before him at single ses-
sion in many months. Two employ
es of the Latlip shows who had
difference of opinion on the street
and who tried to effect settlement
with their fists were convicted of
breach of the peace. One pleaded
guilty and was fined SIS and costs.
The other stood trial and talked
more than the court thought was
necessary. He was fined $40 and
costs.
Three plain drunks were each as
sessed the regular amount in such
cases.
There was also another conviction
for disturbance
The two magazine canvassers who
we're arrested ON suspicion were re-
leased.
In the absence of the states attor-
ney, Corporation Attorney e. G. Ben
nett appeared for the state.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17
BAND is TO GO
VIII Furnish Music for Picnic Next
Week Friday

NGCN U J lbay
The Bennington band of fifteen
pieces has been engaged for the
County Sunday school picnic at
Nichols grove, Arlington, June 25th.
This band has been engaged for all
day and viii 80 up to the picnic on
the excursion train at $50 in the
morning. remain till the picnic is
over and return with the rest of the
picnicers The band will keep up its
reputation for delivering the goods
and giving the moneys worth. 1t win
play on the cars, on the way to the
grounds, at frequent intervals during
picnic and in the grand march. This
is only another of the many attrac-
tions in connection with the second
annual picnic and field ay of the Ben
nington County Sunday schools, but
one OF the most important ones.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17
The Reason of IL.

"Why is it that novels are so much
more popular with the women than
with the men?"
"In novel the fellow invariably
asks the girl to be his wife."-Chicago
Herald.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17
BIG BATTLESH|P
RUN ASHORE IN
DAROANELLES
COnstantinOpIe Dispatch Says
Vessel Resembles Agamenlnon
TURKS TRANSPORTS TORPEDOEO
TWO More British Merchantmen
Gone-Germans Admit Loss of
Submarine.

Berlin, via London, June ia
dispatch from Constantinople says
that battleship of the Agamemnon
type is ashore of the entrance to the
Dardanelles The battleships tunnels
have collapsed and her decks are
awash
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

ROR sALE-The large brick dwelling on
Pleasant ST in the Village Of Remington,
formerly occupied by the late Anna ! ark
This house has spacious grounds and contains
fourteen ia,ge rooms, besides pantry, fath
room, large wood shed and four room cellar
1t is equi oped with all modern improvements
This place, which is ono oil the NEST desirable
in Bennington, will be sold at a very reason
able price Apply TO II. II. Webster, X. X.
ii ealy or Edward j. Hall. bennington. 4Stf
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

Athens, June IA British sub
marine has sunk three Turkish trans
ports loaded with troops according to
dispatch received here from Mudre
The report made no mention of loss
oi life.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

EOR SALE-br Exchange, Five passenger
l. Owe, land (l9i3) car. this car came new
from factory in August 1918 and has been run
less than 1900 mile and is as good as new. Will
sell cheap or exchange Tor other property,
see Nash & Hutchin5 65tl
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

Berlin, Wis London, June 17-Gen
Mackensen's left wing has captured
the town OF Dockrow, according to Il
statement issued by the war office to-
day, The Russians are falling back
across the Galician border TO Tarna-
groG
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

F2OR sALE-Farm of 100 acres, about 10 acres
Il tinable balance pasture and wood land.
New room house, large barn with bascment
and sio running water near house and IN barn
ward also IN pasture. This farm is nicely ioca-
ttd on good road two miles from Bennington,
keeps 10 cows and team. Nice place for poul-
try, small fruit and vegetables. Price $500.
Nash g. Hutchns. bStt
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17
WEATHER

For eastern New York and west
ern Vermont, showers tonight. cool
er north and central portions. Fri
day partly cloudy.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

FOR SALE Farm of ono hundred and
twenty acres, sitnat ID one,na,i mile iron IRON
Esst Arlington and one mile from Depot
Water al house and barns. Will keep twenty
Ave cows and two horses. Twelve room house
good barns and ten ment house sugar oren-
sonable price. H. N Williams, Tel. l39-W 5tf
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

ErOR SALE Eggs for setting. Fishsl strain
4 white Wyandottes. EgEs from best pen
st.o0 per Is 50 for $3.50. Uthity stock, splendid
layers. 75c per 10; 80 for Sl.25; 100 for $500 50
per cent fertility guaranteed. W C. u. Cush'
man. North Bennington, VT. Phone 1881
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

For SALE Offer ,s enSieet to i, sale. all 6 or
bonds of the Bennington Graded Schcol Dis.
triot. Interest rate 4 per cent, payable APR !
and October at. and free from all taxes.
II omer II. Webster oltS5
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

EOR sAIE-I am srlIing out my entire stock
L of both wool and cotton rugs hall runners
and stair CARPETS at cost ID. IL. Clarey' ~ mli
street, over the Mil store. oCo'
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

T;OR sALE-Pigs Good rugged growthy
Il type, months old, $3.50; months, $3.50.
Address New England Live Stock Co., Peabody
Mass. s4ta'
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17
How to Keep Wen

Keep the liver active and the bow
els regular by using Baxters Man
drake Bitters. 1t is safe remedy
for constipation, biliousness, malaria,
sick-headache, loss of appetite, dizzi-
ness, general debility Sold every
where, liquid or tablets, 20 cents.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

T3OR sALE-several driving horses single
l. and double carriages, new and slightly
used second hand light harness. Inquire Ii.
M. Tuttle Co., Remington, VT 52tf
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

FOR sALE-Onc four cylinder i've passc ger
= 35 horse power Interstate touring our a, car, nc
sold at n very low figure. II. w. Willie MS
The Bennington t5arlge. i'i
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

EOR saLE-Good home made brown breao.
u delivered Wednesdays and Saturdays
Mrs Robert Oakcs, Tel. l45X. lOOtG
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

FOR SAI.E-Modern house with II rooms
4 house slated and in best of repair. Lot has
frontage OF 100 feet, depth OF 2l3 feet giving 9
extra building lois with the property. Ho9se
considerable fruit, tine garden This properly
is in splendid location, within two ipidufes OF
trolley. Price $1,000 Nash & Hutehu S. Sotf
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

Don't forget the gas cooking dem
onstration go and 7.3O p. m, Thurs
day, Friday and Saturday. ADV.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17
a Hurricane,

When wind travels hundred miles
an hour or over it Is called hurrl-
cane.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

Don't forget the gas cooking dem
onstration 2. 80 and 7.S0 p. m, Thurs
day, Friday and Saturday. Adv
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

FOR SALE Modern house OF 10 room
h0useis slated and in good repair lot so
lbs, fine barn with slate roof. House has hot
water heat, baih and toilet, electric lights. lo-
Gated on one OF the best streets in the village.
Price $500. Nash IIutchins. II you are in
the market for building lot see us b' fore YOU
buy. We have some very desirab c lots in good
locations. 89tf
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

Don't forget the gas cooking dem
onstration go and 7.3O p m. Thurs
day, Friday and Saturday Adv.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

Berlin, via Sayyille. l.. l.. June r.
The Austro-German army has be-
gun concerted attack along line
of 600 miles extending from North
ern Poland to Bokowina.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17
MlSCELLANE

MOTICE- Truman Mattison has purchased
lV the Judge Woodward farm adjoining the
Fillmore Slaoe pasture known us the Harmon
HUI. Nr. Mattison will reside on this farm
and will run Fillmore & Sladc's pasture this
year. Turn your cattle out with Mir. Mattison
on lthe best pasture in Southern Vermont
6stf
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17
st. Louis 4, Brooklyn 3.
Federal League

Federal League
Chicago s, Buffalo 0, first game
Chicago 3, Buffalo 1, second game.
Brooklyn ;, Pittsburg ..
Kansas City 6, Baltimore 5.
st. Louis 3. Newark 2.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

Don't forget the gas cooking DEM
ons.ration, go and 7.9O p. M, Thurs
day, Friday and Saturday. Adv.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17
LOW PRICED ADVERTISING
FOR SALE

FOR SALE $4,000 1gb0 ac, SIC tarm
and timber lands. Farm .bln Snsr,
mill Blacksmith shop, tenement house- ,
valuable property to be sold at auction Jtn. :
1915. Easv terms TO purchaser planning % u1I y,
ize and developth, property. Impure OF >. ~, ~
Fletcher, East Wallingford, VT, or w. ID. hu-
lett, Rutland, Vt. ioo
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17
BIG LEAGUE BASEBALL '
American League

Boston 4, Cleveland 3.
Washington 5, Chicago ,.
Philadelphia 8, Detroit 2.
No other games scheduled.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17
National League

Boston 4, Chicago 3.
Pittsburg 2, Philadelphia l.
New York 5, Cincinnati 8. az in.
nings.)
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

CTR SYED Pair of horses, one black and
- one grey. Finder ulease notify H. NJ.
Russell. Telephone 46S-M. 1t.+
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1915-06-17

FOR SALE-The Worthington homestead
in North Bennington. VI. consisting of
story house, porch across entire front and part
of each side, hot air furnace, Kewanee water
system, bath room and acetyline gas plant
Large, roomy barn. suitable for garage cement
walks. nice lawn. gravel driveways also gar.
den. Lot has frontage of over 100 feet. An
ideal place for anyone desi ing Il home with all
modern improvements. Will be cold re,lsona-
bic. Inquire OF X. A. Jones, First National
Bank, or of Mrs. w. X. Worthington. on
premises, North Bennington. vt. 56tf
FOR SALE-Broilers roasting chickens and
fowl, dressed to order aud delivered. Also.
fresh eggs. Mountain View Poultry Farm.
Tel. l7l-W. g2tf
ufOR SALE-l0.00D cabbage plants. j. II
- Peters, North Bennington. SIC
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-07-08
WATERVILLE

Mrs. Eli Lewis has moved to johnson.
Mrs. Z. II. Shattuck spent the past
week in Canada.-A. l.. Mann has gone
to Orleans. where he has employment
A large number from this town attended
the celebration at Johnson Monday
Mr.. and Mrs. Ford y. Stearns visited his
mother. Mrs. f. Stearns. at East John
son last week.-Miss Carpenter is spend
ing the week in Springfield, Mass Mr..
Durkee has completed his work for Lara
way brothers and returned to his home
in Nlnooski.-Mrs. Thomas Potter has
returned from New York State. where
she has stopped with her son, Pearl, for
several Weeks.-RoY Anderson of St
Adams visited his grandmother. Mrs. \.
l.. Laraway, over Sunday. coming in his
new automobile. Archie Ford has moved
from Cambridge into one of the Laraway
tenements over the blacksmith shop
Mr.. and Mrs. Sherman Mann and son.
John. of Orleans made a business visit
in town last week and sold his place on
Church street to l.. r. Tillotson. j. w.
Parker of Burlington visited his sister.
Mrs. f. H. Shattuck, over sunday.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1915-07-08
CAMBRIDGE.

Fred Labounty of Morrisvillc spent sun
day at his home here.-Allan II. Britton
and family spent Sunday at Highgate.-
X. O. Payne of Burlington was the guest
of his brother, w. S. Payne. Sunday
r G. Reynolds n family visited his
mother, Mrs. NJ. VI. Reynolds, Sunday and
MondaS.-Frank Brady of Fairfield was
a guest at C. w. L~abounty's Sunday
Mrs. X. w. Smiley and two children of
Sanford, Me, are visiting her father. w
II. Stinehour.- NJ Hannah Wilbur of
Minneapolis, MINI. is visiting Mrs. w.
n. Lang apd Mrs. A.. l.. Brush.-Mr. and
Mrs. Harlow Leavens of CaSs city, Mich.
are spending the summer with his par
ents, Mr.. and Mrs. Linus LeavenS.-Mr
and Mrs. +. II. Kinds and daughter were
visitors in town MondaY.-Mrs. Earle
Gates and Mrs. Ida Hunt returned We'd
nesday evening from Boston.-Mr and
Mrs. George Gaines and children Of Enos-
burg Falls are spending several LAYS in
town.-Miss Lillian Cobb of Burlington
was the guest of Mrs. Rex Gates SUNDAY
and MondaN.-Miss Winnie storey is
spending the week in Burlington.-M. d.
Young and e, {. Wells were i'm Littleton.
y. II. Monday.-W. n. Parker visited in
Newport SundaN