davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-25

VV1HILE the evil of unemployment is now es-
w pecially acute, students Of the question
are of the opinion that the matter has be-
come a chronic problem which is likely to grow
more rather than less serious Such is the
message Of Miss Frances A. Keilor, in her recent
book. "Out of Work." which deals with this dam
age and waste" product OF our modern social
world.
The arrival of spring brings up the annual rem
edy of transplantng the city dscards to the farms
The city jobless will look longingly toward the
land for relief, and easy-gong optimists VIII point
comfortably to the farmers need for help as con-
elusive proof that no man need be idle The
argument is plausible. The farmer needs labor;
the jobless man has it to sell; bring them to-
gether and two problems are solved
While a certain modicum of temporary relief
will doubtless be afforded by the haying and mar
vest it is to be doubted whether, in the end, the
employment problem is to be greatly lessened by
an exodus of city-bred workers to the farms. And
this for a reason that is seldom seriously re-
garded, and less often examined.
That work is to be had on the farms at all
times by the intelligent and responsible; at rush
times by the ablebodied is not to be doubted
With the continued exodus to the cities the rural
labor problem has become an annual agony. A
very successful farmer said few days since to
the writer: 'Jf could only dispense with hired
help I'd be happy"
Nor is city-bred labor less efficient than rural.
In sobrety igence and readiness 70 learn 1t IS at
least equal, and in intelligence and method dis
tinctly superior. Inexperienee is readily overcome
except in the care of stock, and this disadvantage
is minimiEed by the close, personal supervision
which owners give TO their animals. In brief, the
farmland from the city is, in the long run, at
little or no disadvantage, so far as capaolllty
is concerned
As to inducements, the farmer is ready to oher
ANYTHING reasonable to secure reliable, perma-
nent help Good food, comfortable housing and
fair pay are the rule Food is abundant, board or
rent is cheap and conditions of work healthtul.
Wages are not high, certainly, il expressed IN
dollars and cents, but the conditions Of life, alb
sence of temptation to trivial expenditure and IN
cdental opportunities give TO wages relatively
great purchasing power. This is the voluntary
testimony of all city workers with whom the
writer has been thrown.
Specifically, in Western New England laborer
can earn Sl.75 TO 81 a day Gin prosperous times
S225). with board at SO to 81 a week. Regular
resident help, $50 10 S25 a month and board
while working couple would receive $50 month,
free rent fuel and food, to which q garden and
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-25
"Story Hour" in the kindergarten.

to meet changed social and industrial conditions
The sole aim of the Ettinger 1904 part-tme plan
was to relieve part time temporarily until more
buildings could be built. 1t never contemplated
reorganizng the entire elementary school to meet
changed social conditions. 1t did not plan to
lengthen the traditional school day, and the use
Of the same room by different classes was con-
sidered undesirable, though temporarily neees-
sary.
4 However in the fall Of 1914 after the summer,
when Mr. Writ, at the request of Mayor Mitchell
and the president of the Board of Education came
to New York City to make suggestions for reor-
canizing the New York City schools on the Gary
plan, Mr. Ettngcr introduced into five elementary
schools in New York what every one supposed
was to be the Gary school plan. While Mr. Et-
finger introduced many of the features of the
Gary schools, he preserved much as possible
the double session plan recommended by the part
time committee of 1919 which was development
of the earlier Ettnger plan of 1904
The Ettinger organization of these fve'element-
airy schools on the modified Gary plan is, how
ever. radically different in aim and method from
the Gary type of school. And It is difference
which it is important that parents and taxpayers
should understand.
In the first place, Mr.. Writ believes that the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-25

must be reserved for children above the seventh,
sixth and fifth grades. On the contrary, Mr. Writ
believes that children natural scientists, and
that until recently children of all ages have done
manual work outside the school. Consequently, in
the Gary schools children from the third to the
sixth grade go into the shops and science labora-
tories for one hour a day helpers to the older
children just as the children used to help in the
olden days the farm.
One of the most striking features Of this pro-
gramme work is its fexibility. Mr. Shallow says
that 1.-The fact that certain thing is scheduled
at certain time of the day does not necessarily
mean that a visitor will find that class there at
that time doing that thing That is correct.
physics class, for example, may be in the machine
shop computing speeds a motor or the English
teacher may be in chemistry room helping an
eighth grade class write up for the auditorium
recent trip to candy factory, or the botany
class may be out in the garden. The children
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-25
ev ALICE BARRows FERNANDEZ,

n
...,or Of the Vocational Education Survey Of
New York City.
HAVE Just returned from trip to Gary,
Il where I spent six weeks study
20 the school system. AS the result of
rat study am convinced that Superin-
...a,n, William Writ has accomplished real
'..olution in the field of education, and that
5, The old-fashioned school men, whom pro-
-,ssive thought is leaving far behind, still
..ron the remarkable results obtained at
~ The Gary schools are designed to rear
,v type of boy and girl, children of new
,.-ocracy. which will no longer value mere
..,wiedge for its own sake. but will require
s., head and hand work together with equal
.nngence and skill.
p.c.ntly Edward B. Shallow, Associate
,.o.nntendent Of Schools OF New York City,
knitted to the Board of Education an ad-
IS, report on the Gary schools. which was
..,ted and referred back to him with the
~,v.stion that he remove extraneous and ir-
,,,vant matter. The report has just been
Used and resubrlitted, but the statistics and
-,,.rents Of fact remain unchanged
n. tragedy of the Shallow report lies in
sis: Il shows the opposition of long habit
,oos school men that will have to be over
nne in establishing the Gary type of school.
r.. wonders however. how long parents and
,,,ayers will BE content when their children
=, dened TIC opportunities which the chill
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-25

investigation more. / have never seen school
people so willing in fact eager, to get criticisms
And doubtless there is no school system which
has been subjected to such constant Investigation
as have the Gary schools in the last six years.
In the absence, however, of such an investigating
commission, Mr. Shallow has suggested questions
that should be asked in such an investigation.
Mr. Shallow asks for comparison of per capita
cost for education in Gary and in New York.
Here is such a comparison:
Comparison of per capita cost Of Gary and New
York schools, figured on average daily attendance,
1913-14:
GARY.
Pupil per capita cost for the Jefferson
School, Gary On. includes instruction and
educational supplies ...................s3 l.12
Pupil per capita cost for the two schools in
Gary which have kindergarten, elementary
school, vocational shops and high schools
boys and girs) Emerson (2)............ 66l2
Includes instruction only.
NEW YORK CITY.
Pupil per capita cost for elementary schools
includes instruction and educational sup
plies ........ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 4c24
Pupil per capita cost for elementary
schools NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. ......... 4O.24
lllSn SchoolS - - . 'AN'''-
Vocational. schools (boys). S64s
Includes instruction only.
In other words, in the Froebel school. which is
typical of the average school because only ~ per
cent of its pupils are in high school, twelve years
in elementary school and high school costs the
city for instruction only for one student twelve
times S3235, or S39420
In New York, eight years in elementary school
costs the city for instruction only for one stu
dent eight times $40.24, S329.92, and four years
in high school costs four times Sl0i7+, or S41896,
or for the twelve years, S74sS8. In Gary for the
S3942Q a student could also get more vocational
training than is given in a separate trade school
The New York boy would get none Of this in the
elementary school
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-25
Younger Boys Working in the Forge Shop.

in Gary differs in certain details from every
other There are certain features, however,
which they all have in common.
All the schools have the double school plan
all have the variety of activities characteristic
of the Gary plan. All have the regular aca-
demic work All have shopwork, play and
recreation facilties all have auditorium peri
DDS. science music and expression. In all
schools there is branch of the public library
or the branch near by is used. All schools
have an eight-hour day, but only the children
who so desire need attend eight hours.
When we come to that section of the Shallow
report in which reference is made to courses OF
study" we find a failure to comprehend the real
educational value of the schools-the enrlcneo
opportunities for vital work and play offered TO
all children. Like many school men OF the ola
TYNE his first concern is with course of study"
Searching for this in Gary, he comes to the con-
clusion that "the Gary schools have no course Of
s+ndv or svllabuse. of their own. They pre-
sumed to follow in a general way the course u
study in use in the state Of Indiana
II is true that the Gary schools follow the
course of study required in all public schools OF
the state But the important point which Mr.
Shallow does not bring out is that, starting with
this required course of study subject to the same
laws and restrictions as any other city In the
state hampered financially because the income
from taxation is always nearly two years behlnd
the growth of the town, the Gary schools, thanks
70 Mr. Wrts genius an educator and admins
traitor, are communities which are pracucaliy
clearing houses for the activities of children
TIME GIVEN TO ACADEMIC WORK IN THESE
SCHOOLS.
Tho children in these schools give more than
the usual amount of time to academic WORK. ou'
A. Wirt,s belief is that anything added TO the
academic school programme that Will eomPei inc
immediate use Of the academic work will help put
A. oh;ldre, into n condition favorable for teach
irop Consequently, there is also auditorium
ID rlav and special work, which represent as
g. 90 nossible actual life conditions for the d.
,oct anplication of the academic instruction Oh
.bo reoular school hours Inc community
,;to ~ the school and the community lie OF the
;hborbood automatically create real heeos Ior
,,os+er,ng the academic subjects OF the schooi,
Cer,, hos actually found how TO give its chill
Ion the activities and enriched oppor'unieies
,,bicb grow out Of such community H'e'
nv, rooramme is remarkable as the pracueai
,,ork;ng accomplishment OF an laeAi' ~ nv"
h,ds. a child to a System ana ye. ~ "
rorood that every child from the hiiuei
.hrongb the high school gets continuous CIV
na aIueI mastery of all the activities in the school
The mastery of all these things can BE- eIh'r"%
l"e adnaI and cumulative, because education IN
G Cp' is not divided into waterght
GAY kindergarten" elementary sehOoi,
hgh school" There is no pree0n'e .usieet that
uoH' ~ ;n.r,dpced until, say, the seventh grace
cana ca ,st shop work Of all kinds is something Icy
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-25

/ =. in the Gary schools have? How long Will
IL be content when they realize that the
|aoo is not developing in their children the
h Of living. the eager curiosity and sense OF
ri accomplishment. the ability to think for
,,:-selves and take care Of themselves, which
l,.yident in the children in the Gary schools,
lxdcularly in view of the fact that such
ia.ols are less expensive than the traditional
Ts Of SCHOOL,
llNY SCHOOL SYSTEMS REORGAN-
lied ON THE GARY PLAN.
i Although the Gary plan is new to New YORK.
not an experiment. 1t was hrst put INTO
3rsaton by Mr.. Writ, Of Blufton, Ind, IN
M By 9O6 it had proved so successful
18th. Board Of Education in Gary asked Mr..
w to transfer from Button and develop
Gary the duplicate school plan and the type
Ehoo which would give enriched oppor-
Fries to children without increase OF cost.
p, that time schools in many parts OF the
4-ry have either been reorganized on the
ag plan, as in the case of Sewickley and
1rthmore Pennsylvania; Kalamazoo, Mich
~ Winnetka, Illinois, or have been quietly
sisrmentng, as, for example, in Kansas
S! y Chicago and many other cities. In Troy
II York, the Board of Education is reor-
rtng the entire school system on the Gary
e
Tie introduction to Mr.. Shadows report
aimportant, except that by implication II
Ssts that the United States Steel Corpora
controls the schools-a particularlyirohic
sIsstion to any one who knows the real
Patton.
tst Mr. Shallow discusses the finances OF
Gary schools. Mr. Bell, auditor OF the
H. schools, has proved that of Mr.. Shall
i've statements about the finances Oh the
''ols four are incorrect and one is mis-
as.
The assessable valuation Of property IN
~ is SlOO,OOO,OOO not $2l ,463,255, as MI
~'w says The property is assessed at
II 20 per cent, or, for 1914, $2l,463,299'
Mr. Shallow says that the rate OF taxa
vas $40 on every hundred. This is not
vet The whole tax levy for all city pur-
was A22 on the assessed value; tor the
~hA sl2s.
The sum Of S2O7, 56O.72, not S245,ooo, as
shallow says, was spent on salaries OF
as Operation and maintenance OF inc
W plant for 1874
a me per cent of the total tax levy tof
KS OF teachers oneration and maintenance
: school plant for 1913-14 was not So per
:" Mr.. Shallow said, but 1921 per cent
schools. and 1872 per cent for the reg
"a months eight-hour day school.
swallows insinuations in regard to the
w Of the Steel Trust to the schools are
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-04-25

entire elementary school must be roorganized to
meet changed social and industrial conditions,
and according to his plan, every child IN the
whole school has the opportunity to enter into all
the varied activities of the school-study, work
and play.
Mr. Ettingers plan does not contemplate reor-
ganzing the entire elementary school to meet
changed industrial and social conditions, but he
builds additions to the old type of school, and not
all children get an equal opportunity in all these
added activities.
THE PRINCIPLE OF ECONOMY DEVELOPED
IN THE GARY SCHOOLS.
In the second place, the Ettinger modification
OF the Gary schools does not involve the princl-
pie of economy found in the Gary schools-that
is the multiple of all the facilities of the
whole school plant for all the children all the
time
Third the purpose and operation Of the voca-
tional work is fundamentally different in the two
plans. Mr. Writ does not believe in vocational
school department for selected children" lie be-
lieves in a complete reorganization of the entire
elementary school, in which vocational work is
one of the natural activities in which all children
take part. In the Ettinger modification of the
Gary plan there is a vocational school department
for children in the seventh and eighth grades
only
Finally, considering the fact that it was set
tied policy of Mr.. Wirts at the Button schools
as early as 1900 to lengthen the school day, that
the multiple use of school buildings was in use
there at that time, and considered desirable to-
gether with a much greater variety of activities
than were offered to children in the traditional
school, and considering the fact that all these
things are directly opposed to the spirit and intent
of the Ettnger plan, Mr.. Shadows suggestion
that Mr.. Writ first got the idea of the duplicate
schools from the Ettnger 1904 plan is distinctly
amusing
Mr. Shallow feels that the Gary schools need
to be investigated. Doubtless there is no school
system in the country which would welcome an
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1915-04-03

siastic. He grinned over the pleasure
he was giving them. Suddenly he
whipped out a short, thin sword from
its scabbard In his sash. The amazing.
ncomprehensible sword swallowing
act followed.
you see Ranjab has not forgot" he
cried in triumph. "He have not lost
the touch of the wizard. aih?"
You'll lose your gizzard some day,
doing that" said Dawes, grimly. 1T
gives me the shivers"
Then, before their startled, horror
struck eyes, the Hindu coolly plunged
the glittering blade into his breast.
driving It in to the hilt!
Good Lordl" shouted the two old
men.
Ranjab serenely replaced the sword
In its scabbard.
ut is not always the knife that finds
the heart" said he. so slowly. so full
of meaning. that even the old men
grasped the significance OF the cryptic
remark.
"A Teller can be fooled, no matter
how closely he watches" said Mr..
Dawes, and he was not referring 20
the amazing sword trick
NO, sir" said Mr. Riggs. with
gloomy irreIevance, y don't like that
woman"
The cid spell OF the Orient had
fallen upon the ancients. They were
hearing the vague whisperings OF
voices that came from nowhere, as
they had heard them years ago in the
mystic silences OF the East
SSH One comes" raid Ranjab,
softly. 1T will be the masters son. "
An instant later his closet door
closed noiselessly behind him and the
old men were alone, blinking at each
other. There was no sound from the
hall. They waited, watching the cur
tanned door. At last they heard foot
steps on the stairs, quick footsteps OF
the young.
Frederick strobe rapidly into the
room.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1915-04-03
CHAPTER VII.
"He Killed a Woman"

Ills face was livid with rage. For
moment he glowered upon the two
old men. his fingers working spasmod-
ically, his chest heaving with the vol
canic emotions he was trying so hard
TO subdue. Then he whirled about,
to glare into the ham.
'In Gods name. Freddy. boy. what's
happened7" cried old Mr.. Riggs. all
a-tremble.
Some minutes passed before he could
trust himself to speak. Ugly veins
stood out on his pale temples, as he
paced the floor in front OF them. Even
tually Mr.. Dawes ventured the vital
question, In q somewhat hushed voice.
Have you--quarreled with your IA
ther, Freddy"
The young man threw UP his arms
In a gesture OF despair. There was
wall OF misery in his voice as he
grated out:
I'm the name OF God. why should he
hate me as he does2 What have ]
done7 Am | not a good son TO him r.
"Hushl" implored Mr.. Dawes, nerv'
ously. Hell hear you"
Hear met" cried Frederic. and
laughed aloud In his recklessness.
why shouldn't he hear me? by
God. Ilfnot stand II a day longer lie
wouldnt think OF treating a dog as
he treats me. God, IL, why, he Il
actually forcing me TO hate him.
do hate hint swear to heaven, II
was in my heart TO kill him down
there just now. T." He could not
go on. lie choked up and the tears
rushed TO his eyes. Abruptly turning
away, he threw himself upon the
couch and buried his face on his arms
sobbing like little child.
The old men. distressed beyond the
power of speech, mumbled incoherenl
words OF comfort as they slowly edged
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1915-04-03

eyes been young and keen. however.
they might have caught the fash OF
anger In his.
Going TO do all the old tricks ?"
cried Mr.. Riggs eagerly. by George.
I'd like to see 'em again. wouldn't you.
Dan? I'm glad we've got our good
clothes on. Now you see what comes
OF always being prepared for"
Sorry. sahib. but the master has
request me 10 entertain you before the
guests come up. Coffee 10 TO be serve
here"
THAT means we'll have TO clear
out?" said Riggs. slowly.
But see!" cried Ranjab. genuinely
sorry for them. He became enthusiasts
tic once more. See! shall do them
all-and better. too. for YOU"
For ten minutes he astonished the
old men with the mysterious feats OF
the Indian fakir. They waxed enthu-
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1915-04-03
~ SYNOPSIS.

iSla. - noda, Asaa ana oOnpsl
The Prescott daily news., 1915-05-27
MARTINEAU RE- FUSED PERMANENT INJUNCTION

Little Rock, May 27.-Chancellor J. K. Martineau refused to grant per manent injunction against the city of Little Rock, upon the application of taXi-cab and iitney bus operators, to prevent the enforcement of the re- gently enacted ordinance regulating the traffic of such vehicles. He held that the city has the right to make reasonable regulations, reasonable fees, and require bonds to protect the public against accidents, and he found nothing in the ordinance which he considered unreasonable. He contin- ued the restraining order for twenty days longer, however, to give the oper- ators further opportunity to make their bonds. It is probable that the case will be appealed to the Supreme Court, as a test for all the jitney or dinances to be passed by other cities of the state.
The Prescott daily news., 1915-05-27
HOPE AGAIN VICTOR
 IN COUNTY SEAT CASE
Historic Town of Washington is Beat en in Hampstead County Seat ContrOversy-Case Tried by
 Judge c. R. Haynie.

Hope, May 26.-Hope today was de- clared the legal county seat of Hemp stead county at the conclusion of the trial of a contest instituted by Wash ington, formerly the county seat. The case was tried here by Judge George R. Haynie of Prescott at special term of the Hampstead Circuit Court.
 The contest was instituted following the selection of Hope as county seat at special election held August 15, 1914. Hope received majority of 800 votes. The trial just ended con- sumed more than a week.
 Washington has been the county seat since the creation of Hampstead county by the Legislative Council of the territory of Missouri in 1918. Dur ing the occupation of Little Rock by a Federal army during the Civil War Washington was made the temporary capitol of Arkansas and the 1862 leg islature held it's session there.
The Prescott daily news., 1915-05-27
NEVADA COUNTY NEGRO
 RECEIVES PARDON

Frank w. Wright of Sebastian coun- ty realized only thirty dollars from a series of forgeries of which he was convicted in July, 1911. He has al ready served three years of ten years sentence, and is in bad health. Judge Paul Little recommended the pardon which was granted Wednesday.
 Other pardons granted were to T. Williams, Nevada county, convicted in January, 1915, of grand larceny, and sentenced to one year; Frank Holnt of St. Francis county, convicted in 1914, of grand larceny, and sentenc- ed to one year.
The Prescott daily news., 1915-05-27
COLLECTING DATA FOR
 DAVID 0. DODD HISTORY

Dallas T. Herndon, Secretary of the Arkansas History Commission is col lecting data for the writing of his tory of David O. Dodd, Little Rocks boy martyr of the Confederacy. It will contain much valuable historical matter that has never been printed as MT. Herndon has access to a large quantity of private correspondence. He has letters written by young Dodd before and after his arrest by the Union authorities, also official docu- ments relating to his trial, condemna- tion and execution. A sister of Dodd, Mrs. Senhora Dodd Booth, resides in Washington, D. c. and has been of great assistance to Mr. Herndon