davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-08-13

GRAND JURY TAKES PROBES
INTO OWN HANDS
The school board middle may be
made the subject of a grand jury in
vestigatiOn.
This July grand jury is a hum
dingeT, anyway. ItWOuld have end
ed its existence July 81, but the East
land disaster caused it to hold over.
When it got through indicting ship
company officials and boat officers
for being responsible for the East
land disaster, it was intended that it
should quietly disintegrate.
But the Eastland hearing must
have made it blOodthirsty.
The first thing it did was to start
prying into the affairs of the juvenile
court. VIM. H Dunn is a member of
this grand jury, and for 10 years
Dunn has had the idea that all was
wrong with the juvenile court. He
does not like the way Miss Mary Bar
telme, who hears most of the cases,
does her work. He thinks she should
be Ousted. He has gained the sup
port Of other jurors.
This jury did an almost unprece-
dented thing when it requested Asst
States Att'ys Case and Higgins to
leave it's presence.
Col. Moses F. Moses, insurance
broker member Of the jury, has come
to the belief that maybe the grand
jury had better see what's causing
all the muss of talk and investiga-
tons over the school board. others
are said to agree that the grand jury
had best start something. A grand
jury is well nigh a supreme being. It
can order district attorneys or judges
as it pleases with no fear of being
held in contempt Of court
-O-O
ANNOUNCEMENTS
\ = -
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-25
ImperiIled Twice Before
by Failure of Ballast
[By Tel.sraph % nc TrIbun. ]

st. Paul, July 24.--Fred W Beecher,
a former officer on the Eastland, said
to-day that the big ship was doomed
from the beginning, in sailors eyes,
and that it had on two separate occa-
sons barely escaped the fate it met to-
day.
1.-THE steamer was luxuriously fur
nished," Mr.. Beecher said. I'm its day
it carried many prominent men and
women of the country but from the
first il exhibited tendency to list. |
was on the boat in the summers OF
1905 and 1906. In 1906 the boat was
twice imperilled, once off the South
Haven, Mich, harbor, and at another
time near the old La Sale Street tun-
mel in Chicago, not far from the present
accident. Each time its pipes were not
large enough to take in necessary bal
last quickly enough. o
after the two near accidents in 1906
the steamship was taken into dry dock
for repairs. | cannot account for the
catastrophe except that il was again IN
the old predicament of ballast"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-25
SAVES q PERSONS
BY DARING DIVES
Chicago Man Plunges Four
Times in Succession for
Eastland Passengers.

Chicago, July 24.-Charles Williams,
representative for a eNw York concern.
rescued four persons in the Eastland
disaster. He was crossing the La Sale
Street Bridge, half a block west OF
the disaster, when the steamer listed.
He stripped TO his underclothes and
plunged into the river. One man he
seized almost strangled him, but Will
Jams sank, and when the two rose to
the surface stunned the man with a
blow on the neck and swan to shore
in time to save his life.
Next Williams saw a young girl
struggling in the middle of the river.
He grabbed her by the hair, swan to
a north side dock and helped her CLIMB
to safety. As he turned about man
in a patrol boat yelled to him that
another young woman had gone down
for the third time at a spot he pointed
out. Williams dived, found the girl
and took her to sore, where a pulmotor
revived her Then he brought a three
year-old child to shore.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-25
Architect Calls Boat
Crank of the Lakes

Chicago, July 24-"The Eastland was
the crank of the lakes, and, as far as !
know, the only crank on the lakes"
W. j. Wood, naval architect, who
was called by the owners in 1903 to
correct faults in the boat. made tins
statement to-day. In 1904 he made
representations to Captain Ira Mans
field, local steamboat inspector, when
resulted in an order TO cut off the top
deck of the vessel and to keep the
water ballast compartments tllled.
"The deck was cut off, T." Mr.. Wood de-
clared to-day, "but it would be impos-
sible to fix the cause of the accident
until it is known whether the other
conditions were fulfilled"
On the Eastland's trial run she failed
TO come up to specifications, according
10 Wood. who was one OF three judges
TO pass on its performance.
"The gangways were not waterught,
he explained, land | was called on to
correct that fault. as well as some OF
the other faults in the interior OF the
hull.
at was most important that the
water ballast compartments should De
filled at all times. 1t was also I'M
portant that the passengers should not
crowd on one side of the upper deck.
II seems TO be evident that the pasSen-
gers were not where they belonged
when this accident happened.
"The fault in the Eastland was IN
the hull. told the builders at the
time was called TO inspect some parts
of it that it was not properly designed,
and they told me that they had spent
So. 900 for inspection and were willing
to spend 5000 to have it right. Sub
sequently they sold the boat, and they
seemed never to have favored 1t very
much.
after the Eastland was completed
s35, 900 was spent TO correct faults, but
the vulnerable parts were in the hull,
and got my first sight Of 1t to-day as
| saw the boat overturned in the river.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-25

a similar opinion. He added that there
must have been carelesSness IN not
properly ballasting the vessel.
The news of the disaster brought
up in my mind picture of the horror
of the scene | cannot imagine any
thing that would have caused 1t so
quickly as open headlights" said Cap
tain Ennes. They probably did not
think of the danger, or perhaps they
did not know. If one of those dead
lights was opened it would have been
quickly submerged by the crowd board
ing the ship. Water would pour into
the crews quarters in torrents. 1t
would food the entire side Of the hull.
Then a sharp list-people crowding, as
they always do, TO the wrong side
and then the low gangplank entrances
meeting the waterlne.
81 can see the horror of that, for it
would be the beginning Of the end. If
that is the way it happened, It was Just
like the cracking of mill dam. Water
gushing into the headlights must have
been as nothing compared to the tons
and tons of it that poured through the
gangplank entrances. Under such con-
ditions the boat turned over more
quickly than | can describe 1t. The
sponsible were drowned in the trap
and carried all the other unfortunates
with them"
Recent Inspection First Class.
81 made a thorough inspection Of the
Eastland in Chicago on Monday and
Tuesday of this week and found the
boat in first class shape Grant Don.
aldson, for five years chief engineer Of
the Eastland, stated. Donaldson was
called to Chicago Sunday night by
owners of the Eastland because the
boilers were not making enough steam:
He was also asked to resume his old
Job, but refused the offer and returned
home.
81 like the farm better than the
boats" said Donaldson at his home IN
Wickliffe. 81 can't understand how
this accident could have happened.
The boat was in the best of shape.
There was a popular opinion she was
top-heavy, but this was due to claims
of rival boat owners. She never was
condemned by government inspectors
and was in good condition"
According to Donaldson her present
owners remodelled the steamer. and
added extra lifeboats so that her
carrying capacity was increased from
2200 to $500
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-25
Thinks Carelessncss Sank Ship.

Thinks Carelessncss Sank Ship.
A dramatic picture explaining the
Eastland disaster was drawn to-day by
Captain Claude NJ. Ennes, master of the
steamer when she piled in Cleveland
waters.
One or two members of the crew. he
thinks it reasonable TO believe, with
careless innocence sank the vessel and
sent a multitude to their deaths, while
they themselves were caught like rats
in their own traps.
Captain Ennes believes opened dead
lights must have been the prime cause
of the disaster. Twelve of them ex-
listed on each side of the hull, and
whenever capacity crowd was aboard
they were submerged. He thinks mem
bers of the crew may have opened the
headlights because of intense heat in
their quarters.
THE ship itself was thoroughly sea-
worthy" Captain Ennes declared 81
would have sailed her around the world.
She wasn't topheavy. | have had her
loaded to government capacity and
have run into the stiffest kind of north
east gales, and never had the slightest
trouble. But she was cranky, like all
lean hull vessels, and required con-
slant watching"
Captain NJ. S. Thompson, master of
the Eastland from 1910 to 1912. holds
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-25
Continued from page !

under water" she said. "and when !
came to the surface | saw two hands
reaching out of a portfolio. They
pulled me through. | don't know
whether my husband. daughter and SIS
ter-in-law were saved
Merchants Of the South Water Street
commission houses and their employees
made many rescues. Chicken coops
and bales were thrown to the victims
MANY Of whom were saved by them.
Other merchants, with ropes and poles
nulled dozens from the stream.
Mrs. William Fitzgerald told Of saw
ING herself and her son. Edward hVe
wears old. Her husband was drowned
"Tba three of us were on the deck and
wa wore thrown into the water Mrs.
FITZGERALD said. 81 seized my son
lie the boat was tipping, and after
We struck the water | chung TO nm
around the neck We drifted in tow
ard the wharf and : caught hold OF
some Milling and half pulled myself up
A ten-year-old girl. Gene Tourna-
bene was found weeping for her two
UNITS. uncle and little cousin. She
alone Of that party was rescued so
far as known. , uo.rs ola
was at home when informed oil t9e ac-
60
sisters, Josephine, nineteen ana
katherine. sixteen, were on the East
LAND All are among the missing
Acetvlene blow pipes were rushed to
,bn boat and the task of melting a
hole through the upturned steel side
90 The steamer was cheered on by hun
dreds of anxious relatives and friends.
rnanv of whom made attempts to force
H"S -, tbrouCh the notice lines.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-25
ANNAPOLIS COURT
COMPLETES INQUIRY
Try Telegraph TO The Tribune


Annapolis, July 24.-After daily ses-
sions which began July 7, the court OF
inquiry investigating the "gouging
scandal" at the Naval Academy com
pleted its work and adjourned to-day.
It's record, proceedings and findings
will be forwarded to Secretary Daniels
who. it is said. will be governed almost
entirely by the sction Of the court
The inquiry followed the recommen-
dations of dismissal made by Superin-
tendant Fullam against seven midshlp-
men, charged with using improper pa
pers in preparing for the modern Ian
guages examinations. The court ap,,
pointed by Secretary Daniels consisted
Of Captain Robert L. Russell, presl-
dent; Captain A. T. Long. and Com
n,ander Louis r. Destieguer. Lieuten-
ant Commander ". c. Watt was judge
advocate.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-25
Saves Her Boy, but Weak
Arm Costs Life of Girl

Mrs William Thoyer told of cling
mo IN her two children, Harry. seven
vears old. and Helen. eight, after they
and her husband had been pitched into
H. river. Mrs Thoyer and Harry
were rescued. She lost her hold on
INV husband and l and the children
were standing together on the deck
and all fell into the water in heap,
She said. 81 am a good swimmer. |
caught hold of my son and my little
girl and clung TO them and kept my
self up some way, | don't know how.
| saw men and women tumbling into
the water around me. Ny husband
disappeared among them.
81 had Harry with my right arm and
Helen with my left. ! seemed TO lose
all stren.th in my left arm. and | had
10 let 90 of Helen. She won't down in
the struggling mass. Then some one
a man with uniform on grabbed me
i began swimming with me. | chung
to nv son, and when swept near the
river bank some men pulled us up.
Helen and her father must have gone
down"
Lysle Goyattc. Of 1853 South Ayers
Avenue, Chicago, said he and his wife
had Just entered the boat and were in
the crowd on the main deck, near the
gangway, when some one shouted,
"Get back" and they were pushed
over to one side.
"A moment later the boat started 10
list" he added. I'VE were all panic
stricken and could do nothing. | lift
ed my wife in my arms and crawled
out of an opening on the upper side
Of the boat as II slowly went over"
Candy Butcher Rescued, Gives Aid.
L. d. Gadory. ! candy butcher on the
steamer. was the first eyewitness to
tell a detailed, story of the accident.
at was about 7:40 o'clock this
morning and the boat was lying AZ the
dol mar CLARK Street bridge. loading
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-25
cuyDiD0rs Tell of Sudden Peril and Struggle for Life

passenger capacity would be reduced to
653 between May and October, and to
LAB in early spring and late fall"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-25
LOST

On Friday morning, between 4ith
ST. and Altman's, on Fifth Avenue an
envelope containing papers oil vaiue
only 20 the owner. Reward. fieaSe re-
turn to Mrs. Pier, llS Riverside UF!'e'
Evening journal., 1915-09-10

Glass 31s-chow chows. Ameri-
can-bred. Dogs. First. Mrs. H. G.
Haskell, chink. Second, Mrs. Giles
Whiting. Foo.
Glass s1S-chow chows. Limit
Dogs, First, Mrs. H. G. Haskell,
Chink.
Glass s2o-chow chows. Open,
Dogs. First. Mrs. H. G. Haskell
Chink.
Winners. Dogs-First, chink. Re-
serve, Foo.
Glass .324-chow Chows Ameri-
can-bred. Bitches. Fihst. Charles w
Quetschke. Watlands Scarlet Lady.
Class 325-Chow elbows. Limit,
Bitches. First. Charles W. Quetschke.
Watlands Scarlet Lady.
Winners, Bitches-First. Watlands
Scarlet Lady.
Dalmatians.
Glass 331-Dalmatians. American
bred, Dog. First, Miss Constance
Vauclain, Halnor's Free Lance.
Class 1892 - Dalmatians. Limit
Dogs. First. Miss Constance Vauclain'
Halnor's Free Lance.
Class 3S3 - Dalmatians. Open
Continued on Page Sixteen.
Evening journal., 1915-09-10

Topsi. Second, Miss Jean Lister Aus
tin. Lusanne.
Winners. Bitches-First, Blaektoft
Topsi. Reserve, Lusanne.
German Sheepdogs.
Glass 27s - German sheepdogs.
Limit, Dogs. First, e. r. Ruggles.
South Boy Blucher Won Cernscheim
Glass 279 - German Sheepdogs.
Open, Dogs. First, p. r. Ruggles,
South Bay Blucher Won Hernscheim.
Winners, Dogs--First, South Bay
Blucher Won Hornsheim.
Class ESQ - German Sheepdogs.
Field Trial Glass for Dogs that have
been placed at q Police Dog Trial
held under the auspices OF The Ger
man Shepherd Dog Club OF America.
Class 2S5 - German Sheepdogs.
Limit, Bitches. First, Houston Wyeth,
Daisy v Wholen.
Glass 2S6 Is German Sheepdogs
Open, Bitches. First. Houston Wyeth.
Daisy v. Wholen.
Winners, Bitches-First, Daisy V.
Wholen. Reserve.
Chow ChOws.
Glass 317-Chow Chows. Novice.
Dogs First, Mrs. H. G. Haskell,
Chink Second, Mrs. Giles Whiting
Foo.
Evening journal., 1915-09-10
FLASHES FROM THE FAIR

II was while ! was viewing the
Horse Show that l first noticed two
little boys, both hatless, coatless and
collarless. They squeezed themselves
in from the back Of the crowd TO the
fence where they watched maneuvers
from the vantage point Of heads
stuck through fence rails They ar
rived while the driving class was be-
ing exhibited and appeared much in
terested. Their tongues ran like bell
clappers the entire time and many
original remarks we're made by them
Mmmm-mmm," said one, Some
class, amt il, Jerry?"
''Betcher life" answered Jerry
"Geel That's a peachy horse, amt
Evening journal., 1915-09-10

it?" pointing to beautiful chestnut
horse.
They appeared especially interested
in a runabout that was being driven
by a young man and were indignant
when his team which they had agreed
was a "beaut" was only given third
place.
'W'addye know bout that?" said
Jerry Didn't get a darn thing but
a ribbon. Umphl" The runabout in
question happened at that moment to
drive past them which prompted Jerry
to sing out, to the young man driv-
ing, Never mind, old top, we know
you got 'em all skinned" The re-
mark was gracefully acknowledged
Evening journal., 1915-09-10

by the man driving who smiled and
bowed to them.
The high dive, which is one OF the
most sensational Of the free acts.
daily attracts hundreds OF persons.
All sorts Of exclamations and remarks
are heard from the crowd as the per-
former climbs the 100-foot ladder to
make his spectacular dive into five
foot tank of water
"Oh. say, amt that awful? / Just
hate 10 look" said one woman shad-
ing her eyes with her hands to see
better.
He was only six, yet It would be safe
70 say that no barker" on the grounds
had been able to collect such q large
crowd around him, and all he did was to
cry. Now, aside from dead horse,
nothing ever draws q qowd quicker
than lost child. And Johnnie was lost.
When found he was stinding BY the
gate, a pathetic Little figure, his face
streaked with dirt, both lists dug into
his eyes, one stocking DOWN and his
shoes covered with dust.
whats the matter, son2' asked one
kindly gentleman who hrsi saw him.
"Ca-Ca-Can't F-f Find my Da- -daddyf'
sobbed the hearthroA,.i voio
'Well, now don't you cr,, well find
your daddy for you. What's your
name7" At the asking of It's question
a hundred, OF maybe it was 100 persons
who by now surrounded the little fel.
low, instantly gathered cloer around
him to hear the name.
"Jo-Jo-John Ga-Gar-Gar--th last svl-
lables of his name were lost o a fresh
outburst Of sobs.
John Garglei" asked the fist man.
The little fellow sobbed all Ae louder
and shook his head.
"N-n-no, sir. Jo-Jo-John Gablis--.
Again were the last syllabla Of his
name completely drowned in an utburst
Of tears
Maybe. it's Gartleson," sugge,ed one
man in the crowd.
1T sounded more ike Garble ) me"
said another.
Il declare 10 goodness Just thilz it's
Continued on Page Eleven.
Evening journal., 1915-09-10
nnG SHOW lWARns

DOO SdOW AWAdDSs
Judging Of the CANNES in the dog
show was finished yesterday after
noon Prize winners we're announced
as follows:
Mastiffs.
Class 17--Mastiffs. Open, Bitches.
First. P. D. Folwell. Queen Bess II.
Winners, Bitches-First, Queen
Bess II.
Scottish DeerhOunds.
Glass 71-Scottish Deerhounds.
Limit. Dogs. First D. Norton Downs,
McGreg6r
Winners, Dogs-First, McGregor.
FOxhounds.
Glass 94-Foxhounds, (American) E.
Novice. Dogs. First, W. G. Little, DR..
Steele Ill
Glass 95-Foxhcunds (American). f..
Limit, Dogs. w G. Little, DR.. Steele
III
Glass s6--Foxhounds (Amerioan).
Open. Dogs. First, w. G. Little. DR..
Steele III.
Winners. Dogs--F'irst. Dr. Steele III
Glass 99-Foxhounds (American) d.
Novice. Bitches First, W. G. Little,
Jewett
Class 100-Foxhounds (American).
Jewett.
Limit, Bitches. First. W. G. Little,
Glass 101-Foxhounds (American). /.
Open, Bitches. First. W. g. Little,
Jewett
Winners, Bitches--First, Jewett
Pointers.
Class l15--Pointers. Puppy, Dogs.
First, 7. K Larkin, Patch.
Glass 116-Pointers. Novice Dogs
First, Sara R. b. Elliott, Connie Mack
Glass 117-Pointers. American
bred. Dogs First. Frank Turner,
Class 11S-Pointers. Limit, Dogs
under 55 lbs. First, Frank Turner
Jim Chesley.
Glass 119-Pointers Open, Dogs
Under 55 lbs. First, Frank f. Addy-
man. Watlands Wisdom. Second,
Frank Turner, Jim Chesley.
Winners, Dogs-First, Watlands
Wisdom; reserve. Connie Mack
Class 122-Pointers. Local, Dogs,
First. Isaac S. Elliott, Billie Boy. Sec
ond, Frank Turner, Jim Chesley.
Glass 123-Pointers, Puppy Bitches.
First. T. X. Larlzin. Spot.
Glass 12S-Pointers. Limit, Bitches
80 lbs and over First, T. x. I.arkin.
Queen.
Class 129-Pointers Open. Bitches.
so lbs and over. First. T. K Lar
kin, Queen.
Winners, Bitches--First, Queen;
reserve, withheld.
English Settlers.
Glass 132-English Settlers. Puppy,
Dogs First, Frank Stephens, Sport
Stevens. Second. c. H. Howell, FL
lens Joe
Glass 133-English Settlers. Novice,
Dogs. First, I. A. Gray. Friend Don
Second, Thomas NJ. Bullen. Bruster
Blue Rock.
Class 134-Enslish Settlers. Aneri-
can-bred. Dogs. First, William z.
Harris. Friend Freckles. Second, G..
u. Simon. Cayuga. Third. John c.
Hartmann, Dash.
Class 135-English Settlers. Limit,
Dogs. First, William f. Harris,
1 Friend Freckles. Second, G. II. simon.
cayuga Third, John @. Hartmann
Dash.
Class 196-English Settlers. Open
Dogs First, william D. Harris
Friend Freokles. Second, John G.
I Hartmann, Dash.
! Winners, Does-First, Friend
! Frecklos; reserve. cayuga.
Class 13S-English Settlers Local
Dogs. First, Charles w. Conyers,
Rex r. c.
Glass 139-English Settlers. Field
Trial Glass for Dogs that have heen
DlacQ1 NJ nnv RpcNoni1ad 0nor E,ia1d
Trial. First. G. H. Simon, Cayuga
Glass 140-English Settlers. Pdppv,
Bitches. First, Elwood Talley, Nellie
Evening journal., 1915-09-10

brown g., l3.l, 5, c. Ross Hamilton, Jr. !
Class ll2-Haness Horse. For the
best pair Of horses, over IA hands p
inches To be shown before an appro
pirate vehicle. Ladies to drive. First,
Warwick Princess, bay m, l5 Miss Jean
Lister Austin. Second, Buttonwoodl
Maid. ches. m, l5.2 -, 8, William A..
Iicbcr.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1915-02-12
u. s. NOTES TO
POWERS HAVE
HEAVY "KICK"

WASHINGTON, Feb. 12.-Diplo-
mats and government officials here
generally expressed astonishment at
the kick carried by the American
notes to England and Germany. the
texts OF which have been made pub
lie.
The note with vase sent to Ger
many sets foIth that the United
States WorLD BE CON-
STRAINED 70 HOLD THE I'M.
PERIAL GERMAN GOVERNMENT
TO A STRICT ACCOUNTABILITY
FOR SUCH ACTS OF THEIR
NAVAL AUTHORITIES AND TO
TAKE ANY STEPS 1T MIGHT BE
NECESSARY TO TAKE TO SAFE.
GUARD AMERICAN LIVES AND
PROPERTY and to secure to Amer
lean citizens the full enjoyment Of
their acknowledged rights on the
high seas"
In the note to Great Britain the
United States put 1t up to the for
mer TO restrain vessels of British
nationality from the deceptive use
Of the flag OF the United States in
the sea area defined in the German
declaration, since such practice
would greatly endanger the vessels
Of friendly power navigating these
waters AND WOULD EVEN SEEM
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1915-02-12

lives and property. as was indicat-
ed by the disarranged furniture
and blood bespattering several
rooms OF the home. which is in an
outlying district.
Vogel was retired capitalist
and was wealthy.
II was evident from the condition
OF the bodies. which we're beaten
with an ak or club. that the old
couple put up a desperate resist
ance.
II is not known what property
the burglars obtained.
Blood-soaked papers. found In
the victims pockets, gave the first
intimation OF the prominence of the
dead man. He was one of the lead
ing financiers OF California, II de-
yeloped
He was president OF the bank OF
Sanger. president of the National
Bank of Fresno and director OF the
Citizens National Bank of Fruit
vale
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1915-02-12

TO IMPOSE UPON THE GOVERN.
MENT OF GREAT BRITAIN A
MEASURE OF RESPONSIBILITY
FOR THE LOSS OF AMERICAN
LIVES AND VESSELS IN CASE OF
AN ATTACK. BY A GERMAN
NAVAL FORCE"
Some authorities expressed the
opinion that the note TO Germany
would require the United States to
so to war with the kaiser should
American ships be sunk by German
war craft in the war zone.
Administration officials, however.
held that. despite the strength of
tone displayed by both notes.
neither one woulS involve the Unit
ed States in international difficult
ties.
They were confident that both
England and Germany would acqui.
esce in the position taken by the
American government and would
grant the relief demanded. assuring
safety TO American shipping and
passengers in the affected waters.
Counsellor Robert Lansing of the
state department drafted the notes.
but ii is understood President VII
son himself read proof on them.
The chief executive is said TO have
furnished many of the Ideas adopted
In the communicates