davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24
ELIMINATING ILLITERACY.
(Austin, Tex. American.)


winthrop Talbot, in the Century
Magazine. presents some interesting
data touching the work of eliminat-
ing illiteracy in the south and the
increase of illiteracy in the north.
ITO offset" he writes. the lack of
solicitude concerning illiteracy in the
north, the southern states without
exception have been bestirring them
selves so successfully that they have
reduced the number of their Hitter
ates one-third in the last 10 years
and have effected a cut of so per
cent in their percentage of illiteracy
during the last two decades. More-
over, in Kentucky, where the num-
Der of illiterates decreased by co.
coo from 1900 to 1910 the communi-
~ being inspired by the elimination
Of illiteracy in Rowan through
Moonlight schools, has established
a state commission on illiteracy in
it's borders"
That illiteracy is largely on the
increase in northern states which
have been pleased to critic1se the
south for that shOrtcOming is point
ed out by Mr.. Talbot.
New York, where 1t is supposed
the influx Of foreigners would show
the greatest illiteracy, has a better
record than Indiana. The increase
in the number unable to speak Eng
lish was III per cent in the ten-year
period.
The Iowa census laws do not re-
CURE that people be asked whether
they speak English. The only liter
acy query is whether they are able
tr read and write any language. Des
Moines is attempting TO take care
of its foreign born population
through its night schools.
There is plenty of opportunity for
constructive patriotism along this
same line. The foreigner should
have it Impressed upon him that his
first duty 10 this country is to learn
To speak English.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24
The SMALL BUSINESS MAN.

Figures made public by the federal trade commission
that the United States is by means the land
of great corporations but rather the land of the small
business
the corporate business institutions in the
country only 462 do annual business of $5OO0,OOO
or more There only 10 900 that do business of as
much $500 90 a year
When to actual profits, the figures still
more striking The corporations earning income
$1,000 less than onefourth Of the total
There about 100000 corporations selling less than
100000 worth of goods year and earning perhaps
from $4,000 to $4,000 year. And these represent the
really typical corporation.
THE figures" says Commissioner Hurley, SHOW
conclusively that big business while important const-
a small fraction the trade industry of the
United States" The small business is still doing
most of the nations business and making a comfort
able though modest living out of it, and there is still
plenty opportunity him.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24
OUR AMMUNITION SUPPLIES.

In the annual report of the secretary of the navy,
he complains that certain firm which in the past has
received the bulk of the governments orders
plosves refused to bid government contracts last
summer, although urged to do The reason that
the firm had plenty of orders to keep busy and
preferred that business more profitable.
The secretary might properly have gone further,
and given the of this firm which puts profits
ahead of patriotism 1t is gratifying learn that other
companies which had benefited much from gov
eminent orders in the past forward and offered
to make the necessary ammunition the usual price,
while they could have sold their product abroad
more prOhtably But should be possible for the
government in any circumstances to be left in the
lurch by private ammunition firms.
One government factory. which is the extent of the
secretary's recommendation, will a small figure,
considering the huge quantities of ammunition needed
into the business a big as long "a
the nation must depend private manufacturers
y there ought to be legal provision made that
government, in case of need, commander the
services of any munition plant.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24
ANTInOTFs FOR DIVORCE.

(Raleigh, y. c., News-Observer)
The increasing number of divorce
cases in his court has set Common
Pleas Judge Charles J. Estep, Of
Cleveland. Ohio, to the formulation
of rules and regulations which he
holds in q great degree eliminate
the divorce evil.
Judge Estep has been making n
record since the first Of September
ne has tried about 425 divorce cases,
and ne comes TO the same conclusion
that Far too many married persons
are seeking the road TO happiness
through the divorce courts And
thereupon he presents as the anti
dote the following rules;
Husband. kiss your wife good
by in the morning and say how do
you do at night.
Wife. don't interrupt your hus-
band while he is reading the paper
or enjoying some hobby.
Husband and wife. teach your
eyes TO see fewer faults and more
virtues.
Husbands. don't tell your wife
YOU are going 90 the lodge when you
expect 20 play poker.
Wife, don't nag" your hus-
land
FINALLY. prospective husbands
and wives. don't get married until
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24
TEACHING COUNTY HISTORY.

dayton, u, news.
1t is reported that the Indiana
school teachers recently undertook
TO teach local history to the children
and that it prove successful from
the beginning. The children took
an interest in it, many valuable facts
concerning the history Of the sew
eral counties were brought out, and
everybody now recognizes the i'm
portance of the innovation.
There is no reason why the local
history of every community should
not be taught in all the schools Of
the state There is hardly a county
! in the state that has not connected
With it many interesting events The
early settlers and how they lived,
the part the county played in the
formation and development of the
state, the manners and customs of
the people from the first settlement
down to the present, the persons
prominent in developing the country
or the town or the city-all of these
| things should be impressed upon the
children Of every school in the state.
; One mistake which many teachers
make in trying TO teach history is
that they suppose only the "big
events are historical or OF historic
( value. The Truth is, it is the every
day events in ne lives Of a people
] that are worth considering. The
simple story Of how an inconspicu-
Gus family went through a hard
winter, in a one-room log cabin
now they managed to keep warm,
the food they ate and how it was
prepared, their entertainment or lack
Of it-would make an interesting
chapter in any local history. and the
children Of today would not only be
pleased at hearing such narratives,
but they would learn much that is
OF value The trouble with all Of us
is that we do not correctly estimate
the supposed minor events ir our
lives
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24
THE TASTE FOR FICTION.
(Milwaukee SentineL(

SO Pres't Hadley of Yale admon-
ishes the public not TO buy sensa-
tional newspapers, because they are
enthusiastically" Then be fails to
reckon with popular taste for fiction.
Pres't Hadley might as well urge
people not 10 buy. say. The House
OF a Thousand Candles" because il
isn't true. Who cares IL it isn't true
II is entertaining for people who like
that sort Of thing. That's the point
And il is about so with the
stories" sometimes founded on
facD in the sensational newspapers.
In a really good example OF that
kind OF news story there Ie usually
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24
The Tailor
By Arthur Brooks Baker.
By Temple

The tailor is citizen of formidable
worth,
Among the best inhabitants who oc-
cupy the earth.
Behold the noblest work of God, and
men of lower rank!
without the tactful help for which
the tailor is to thank,
What Earring incompleteness would
assail the public gaze,
And compHcate our troubles in in
Vulnerable ways.
Regard the lovely feathers neatly
stuck upon the bird.
Or contemplate the costly way in
which the fox is fured,
And then be proud, if you should
find you reasonably can,
OF natures crude, unfinished work
which scientists call Man.
He suffers from creations cold and
whitening neglect,
And sadly lacks the means of
warmth, of pride and self
respect.
But when the tailor's master hand
has touched him up to date,
He marches forth with elegance,
with dignity and state.
He ornaments the scenery and raw
ishes the sight;
He fills the eyes of every one with
rich and pure delight
So while the humble tailor sews his
necessary seam,
Bestow on him vast quantities of
well-deserved esteem.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24
SOME BIG FIGURES.

Speaking of those who have strings u.s. let us con-
slider figures presented recently. the meeting
of American life insurance companies, New York
The life insurance companies have assets 81 9S5-
100000, which nearly the all savings
posts in the country
These companies hold over 81 per cent of the farm
mortgages in this countrywide $654,O OOO-at an
average rate of interest of 5.55 per
in recent years it has been the policy to withdraw
investments in stocks and bonds and put the money
into mortgages real estate. The total is $64S
OOO
The liabilities were not given but $3.50 per on
S654O00000 worth of farm mortgages alone means an
annual income of about O0O enough to pay quite
few policies. Then there's the usufruct on about
billion of other realty mortgages you see.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24
With Other Editors Than Ours

you have known each other year.
On a casual examination it would
seem that the Judge Estep rules
amount to but little. but if there is
an examination of the reports or
divorce PROCEEDINGS it will be seen
that there are great numbers of
cases which arise from the most
trivial causes. The Estep dulles will
be found to teach that love, kindly
deeds, truth, consideration, and &C
quaintance which should exist be-
tween husband and wife. If there is
a combination of these things then
there will certainly be a decrease in
the multitude of divorce cases which
come to the courts on many little
matters which the Estep rules would
end
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24
ROMESTIC HAPPINESS.

Col Henry watterson. the famous editor OF the
Louisville Courier-Journal, asked his golden
wedding anniversary what the secret Of marital hap
piness is And he replied:
There's no secret about IL. Mrs Watterson
has always let m alone. and have let her alone.
When she / needed help she asked me how
she could aid pe and did When she not
exactly satisfied about anything, just asked her
II 1 could help her That's all"
This doesn't cover the whole ground, by any means
probably contains the essential recipe for mat
rimonia The divorce courts show that domes
nfelicity likely be due to Of two causes
Either one partner tries to interfere too much with
freedom else is too Indifferent II the
other. Either may be fatal.
The watterson family, apparently, has solved the
problem of finding the middle ground Each has had
what every sef-respecting man or woman wants and
needs-freedom preserve his her own individu-
atty living his or her life far as marital part
nership permits. But this mutual freedom has not
been indifference. While each has mis- her own
way each has always that the other stood ready
for instant sympathy and help in case of need
Col Watterson could make fine editorial out OF
that wanted
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24
CHRISTMAS-I915-
To
THE NEMS-TNTFS
Greetings.

Good luck to The Mt.
And the Mp. too;
And a Merry Xmas
To each OF you.
May the kindly hand
OF the Power on high,
Scatter your worries
But not your PI.
May Prosperity come
With a merry whoop.
And your columns be filled
With the biggest scoop"
May your news never sink
To a commonplace level.
And your office be blessed
With a light-footed devil"
May subscriptions increase
At a galloping pace,
And you always be first
In the world-news race.
This and much more
In sincerity
Is the hearty wish of
F. L. T.
Right back at you, kind F. L. T.
For wishing this on the Mt.
We hope that health and wealth and
JOY
May enlist in your employ.
And that when the year is done
You'll have a roll Of the ready
mon"
That'd choke a horse or stall a COW.
Or overflow the old haymow.
WE might as we'll begin to use
the term ill-starred in connection
with the Ford peace excursion. II
not founded in selfshness it was at
least conceived in folly, and, as
usual, the innocent are doing the
suffering.
A BLANKET indictment, il should
be explained. is one which. like the
mantle of charity, though from a
different point of view, covers a
multitude of sinners.
Came Up Early TO Avoid the Rush,
columbia City Post.)
This (Tuesday) is the shortest
day of the year The sun came UP
early and the air was decidedly
frosty.
WE don't want the enmity OF
Germany any more than Germany
wants the enmity Of the United
States. on this premise it should
be possible for two intelligent and
so-called civilized nations to pre-
serve the entente cordiale, which is
diplomatic slang for peace.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24

There's a pretty custom parts Of the country
which seems to have down from the French
pioneers of putting tall white candle proper
~ safeguarded. OF course from curtains drafts and
other fire dangers, in a window on Christmas eve
letting it burn all through the night to light the
Christ-child coming down to earth" This helps the
children remember that Christmas is not all getting
and giving of material presens-it's birthday Of
one who loved them. one whose sweetness of spirit
they may well try learn.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24

ness Of the soldier We not wonder at such ner-
vousness in view the diplomatic strain Of past
months the strife Of European interests in our midst
the plots against this countrs peace. the contiE In
alarms and the multitude OF new problems Under
the existing il is not impossible for an
excited congress TO hector prod the administration
into lconsdered act That should hold itself
under restraint that the executive should be firm and
refuse to be readily driven by clamor from any
tured conception of foreign pocy-this is the need Of
the hour.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24

more power of invention and COM
mand Of adjectives than would fit
out half a dozen potboiler novels.
People who revel in fictitious
news are not to be converted TO
what the late r. L. Stevenson called
the painfully accurate and deadly
dun' by Pres't Hadley or anybody
else.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24

1t was left for Ben Lindsey to hand the hottest
yet to the militarists He compared D:narstic ele-
ments' with the third degree pohcerIen." Shame on
you. Ben. Get way out the then call
a thing like that?
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24

Cleveland young ADVERTISED for a hazardous job.
Here's ours. young Teller! All you have to do is 10
keep wiley from getting for Xmas shopping money
for. which the collector is bowling
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24

Congress for the study Of durable peace" will
meet in Berne Must be interesting just like studying
the dead languages
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24

An army reserve based contributions of employees
by corporations Of patriotic sentiment? that the
honeymoon has got TO shining in WoOdrOws eyes.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24

Secy Garrison CONSUMPTION America is coming
If HIS war plan fails Nothing doing here Lin We
married and previously conscripted
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24

to strongly suspect that several a those European
tails will be wasging the dog this war is over
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24

Duke Of Manchester is a remarkable young duke Has
$1,000 assets and owes only ss75.O0o.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24
THE MELTING POT
GOMEZ TAKE POTLUCK WITH US.

THE best Christmas card we have
received this year bears on its front
page a stein and the words. ITO
You. old Man" And that the stein
is empty makes it the more sig
nificant.
WE modestly point with pride to
the fact that our own Jim Riley was
once a calyum conductor.
ONLY emperors and automobile
manufacturers can afford 20 have
Observation-Disclosures. and no.
body outside OF Germany. except
German sympathizers. attempts 10
pronounce it.
claw Notes)
Kimple Y. Schafer I61 Iowa $50.
was an action for an injunction 20
compel the defendants TO restrain
and keep their chickens from tres
passing on the plaintiffs land In
stating the issues in the case, Judge
Deemer Of the Iowa supreme court
found opportunity not only for dis
playing his erudition but for per
petrating a CHASTITY pun. Said he.
This appeal involves the duties OF
an owner Of. what Milton styles, the
tame villatic fowl or in common
parlance the Iowa hen. Plaintiff
SAYS that the owner must clip her
wings or otherwise imprison and
keep her upon his own domain; and
that she has no right 10 take even
her daily dust bath upon the country
highway. or to stubbornly cross the
roads in front OF a rapidly ap-
preaching vehicle. on the other
hand, defendants say that outside
OF cities and towns chickens are free
commoners, and that an owner of
improved or cultivated land must
fence against them. They also as
sert that plaintiff has no remedy, be
cause his land is not inclosed by a
lawful fence and for the further
reason that, If he has a remedy, IL is
to impound the trespassing animals.
or to sue at law for the damages
done, and that in no event is plain
tiff entitled TO any relief because his
hands are foul in that he. too, owns
chickens which he permits to roam
| at will"
| SPEAKING of the Colfax tablet
the inches in the north and south
gables Of tie county building have
been waiting a long time for occu-
pancy. We must be pretty near the
last analysis Of the Question as To
whose stutues belong there.
| FOR example whose statues do
you think should fill those inches?
HOSIERY will be going up to-
night, but we predict an early drop.
c. y. T.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24

Starfsh can grow new arms, lob
sters new claws and lizards new
tails.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24
\ FINE EXAMPLE.
(BostOn Post)

Among those Americans who were
helped TO get home from Europe
when the great war broke out and
who have now returned the money
advanced to them by Uncle Sam is
a working girl who knows poverty
well. as her touching letter to Asst.
Treas. Strecker shows. Spite Of
illness and misfortunes she has now
paid the last instalment of the SO
she owed her government, because
wanted TO show my honesty"
What an example of courage, of
honor, Of gratitude does this girls
deed offer TO the many well-to-do
who are sale to have thus far re-
fused 10 pay back the money loaned
to them. She did not wait to have
her name posted; the others have TO
their sorrow.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24

Tn Serb government has proved
as mobile as the Belgian. At last
accounts il had temporarily estab-
lished itself at Scutari in Albania.
The Serbian pilgrimage is pathetic,
but the little nation has won world
wide sympathy by its logged resist
.ance in the face Of an overwhelming
Bulletin
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24

WE modestly point with pride TO
the fact that our own Jim Riley was
once a calyum conductor.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24

ONLY emperors and automobile
manufacturers can afford 20 have
Observation-Disclosures and no
body outside OF Germany. except
German sympathizers. attempts 10
pronounce il.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24

THE best Christmas card we have
received this year bears on its front
page stein and the words. ITO
You. old Man" And that the stein
is empty makes it the more sig
nificant
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1915-12-24
Northern Indiana's Greatest Newspaper.

ndanapOls-is published every day u the year ana w.
all Sundays and HOlidays-day aud night leit1
ire servce for all editions Entered at the south behu
OstOdice class mail.
Pioneer press. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1882-19??, 1915-07-10
GUNPOWDER PLANTS.
Many Precautions Must Ee Taken to
Avoid Accidents.

Workers in gunnowdcr plants when
ever Il storm comes up al iourn To the
watch houses surrounding the plant
proper and enjoy themselves till the
storm is over.
Lightning is not the only danger
dreaded in gunpowder plants. however.
Metal is drcaurd-itS hard surface may
cause cNpluSiOnS-and hence ON the
wOrkmcn'S clothes the buttons must all
be of bone.
The worlmru'S clothes must be peck
ctless so that they may not carry
matches or Knives ana Il workman. no
matter how daniilicd his tastes. must
not wear turned up trousers since in
turnupS grit is hHrb"rrI. ana grit in Il
yunpoWdcr mill is rs dangerous almost
rs fire
In all the buildings of these plants
not Il nail head or amy sort OF iron ma
tcrial Is exposed. The roofs. too, are.
made very slight. 50 that in the event
Of an explosion they will blow off cas-
lily. The doors all open outward 10
make escape easy, and the plant is uSll-
ally surrounded with Il stream of wa
ter, into which the hands are trained
to dive at the first sign Of danger CiM.
clnnau Commercial Enquirer
Pioneer press. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1882-19??, 1915-07-10
TRICOLOR OF FRANCE.
First Adopted In 1894, 1t Fell and Rose
Again In 1880.

The French have always favored the
colors of red, white and blue, and
throughout their history red banners,
white plumeS and blue ScarfS have
been largely used in connection with
royalty and the army.
The French national flag. the tricOlor,
however, which combines the three
popular cOlOrs Of France, is compare
lively modern. The flag was first
adopted about 1904. 4 decree was is
sued which gave to all flags a knot of
tricOlor ribbons at the top Of the staff,
and later the red, white and blue de-
sign was chosen for the national flag.
Some years after it was abolished for
the white flag Of France made famous
by Henry w., and it was not until 1880
that the tricolOr came into it's own
again. Since then the flag has been
the national banner Of France
The divisions on the tricolor are not
all the same size. The red occupies
the largest space, the blue IS slightly
smaller than the red, and the white Is
the narrOweSt stripe Of the three. The
space occupied by the colors has been
scientifically worked out in order to
make the flag visible at long distances,
necessary asset for naval purposes
The tricOlOr forms the base of nearly
every flag connected with the army,
navy and merchant service of France
The presidents flag consists Of the tri-
color, with his initials in gold worked
into the white Stripe.-London Stand
ard