davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-23
10000 CHILDREN PAY
WASHINGTON TRIBUTE
Fairgrounds ThrOnged-BOys
and Girls Of Many Nation
aliticS Dance.

More shan $4,000 children thronged
day, paying tribute TO the memoir o.
George Washington and enjoying TO The
fun the holiday. There were at tho
Fairgrounds children of many rstional-
itics. Some of them had not yet obtained
any very clear idea OF Gen. wash
iugtou. hu. they showed by their acts
that thcv had entered thoroughly into
the spirit OF the country that Washing
ton had fought to gain for them.
rrder tn. direction or william J.
Lee. Supervisor OF Recreation. and Miss
Mary l.. MyKrnna. his assistant, the
children HAD rchcttsed programmes Tor
tIr duy. They engaged IN exercises
commemorative o. Gen. Washington
Tho ,aiidIen who had recently arrived
Nom foreign Countries lid folk dances
typical of their birthplac"s.
Parents went with their children 20
IN" pliygiouEds. a. eager to witness the
events .s the ~yaiagSters were to engage
IN them. The boys did "hatchet dances
and then consoatcd TO dttce the Nir-
p.r!a r.el There were athletic events
tor the boys AMI special dances for the
girls
Moiy 3D.! the children from foreign
lands could he seen leading bewildered
mothers by the hand and speaking first
In t. Rlish, then in Italian o. Yiddish.
,Nplain'i = tn. dances.
II: seems like If could dance sa Il
one Very little eirl with a very big baby
brother an h.g arms. If only could II
'hat ! ru. me nabv down just one min
u'" Il seems llk" # / love To put n
shirluG thing in my hair and play Ike
that with my tc"'."
Iut baby brother kept Oh smili Z
hlirdly AID would not he put down. 20
the little mother did not got any nearer
dauo'nr than wishing to dance.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-23
YORK CITY NOT SAFE
FROM A HOSTILE FLEET
Representative Calder of the House Notifications Com.
mittee Virtually Admits Peril of Bombardment
Unless the Coast Defences Are Extended.

not reported for the reason that MEM
bers of Congress thought that such mat
to- should not Save publicity. Mr..
been made concerning the preparedness
of New York city for the same reason.
At the hearing under discussion Sec
rotary Garrison, Gen. Crozier. Chief Of
Ordnance, and Gen. Weaver were pres
eut.
representative Miller. who uails from
Duluth Mimi, made the statement that
New York could be- successfully attacked
and troops landed there "a five hours
tiinc after the beginning OF an engage.
meht.
THE troubl" with coast Notifications
to-day" said Nj. Miller, "is that " lie
they. perhaps. can stand off a fleet, they
cannot protcc' the city from landjig
forces. Every military officer in TN"
euast fortihcations knows that The oil.
rers admitted that "A reasonably small
number of troops can and here and iu
live hours time put the for out Of hiisi-
ness and then ships can bombard the
city. The city Of New York stands IN
that position to-day
l,eferrinG to the Correpidut fortress
'u tn, Philippines MI Miller declared
mat an enemy orld place guns ~
Marivrlos hat would command curr-gi-
dor and ciippl" Is I~-flluess in short
order. Tie declared Furthermore hat Il
test ~ this weakness had been made
ard proved all ut - YEA tGu and that
although the War department had re
'oived reports OF this cond ton no a.
ton had h"er taken upou them
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-23
NEWSBOYS EAT FAST AND WELL.
More Than u Thousand Arc Gur-t>
Of Mrs. Gurgcnhcimcr.

II takes 200 uowshoys 'l.-'.uu
minutes To eat their way from chicken
q Ia Maryland through N|rg,"la rt"'
and Cape cod cranhcrric, down ,nr nlI
to harlequin ice cream ana ,.ff,e. co.,
minute NOR" to wade through i',
strains oc "T~ipporary.' and t'.A'lc IT.
Six pretty misses from Teachers college.
Columbia, clear away an" debris,
another 400 dlcs IN and the tr' is .,-
p"ated
So Went the afternoon y,,;rtlN Il,
TIE Brace Memorial Ncw,hoys lrlr.up
House, IA New chambers street. Whcr,
Mrs. Eliza GugEcnhcimer gave It dinner
party in memory OF Randolph Cugrru-
heimer. The dime was the twenty
sixth annual that the Gugg,a. cimcrs
have" given 20 ra"shuNs IN NcW YORK..
aud their guests yesterday mlmnrrrd
considerably more than a Thousand
They ate in four relays, about 400 At a
sitting
tamphclls Campus Orchestra played
lively airs aud IN" diners helped "ut az
the popular songs when they didn't have
their mouths too full.
before the diuuir in tho assembly hall
at moo tho boys sang patriotic songs.
got good ldVlc" and heard Hbout Wash.
iugtOn and the well known Aut,llct IRON,
several speakers. There w,rc addresses
T., pr Almond Cuuuisou. president ur
- Lawrence Uuivrrai'E IT, nJudoir,
Guggtuhe.mcr. Henry Ntlklu, Herbert
J. Gunuison II the R'ooklyu I00i, ana
louis WHEY "f III IN York Times
Charles :. t;ugg"u5eimrl was 'hairmau
Of the arrduEement committee
The smaller boys received ucV caps
from Mrs Guggenheimer
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-23
NORTH SEA FIGHT
AT TEN MILE RANGE
Admiral Bcatty'S Report
shows MarvclS of Accuracy
in Recent Victory.

LoNDoN, Fen. 1o.-Thc report of Nd
miral Beatty's action IN the North Sea
on January 81 states that the first shot
Was fred IN a range Of $1,000 yards,
and hits were made AT 1900 yards,
which ~ about ten miles. Discussing
this plan OF the fight an expert on
naval affairs writes az follows
Assuming that the f|reeboard to the
weather decks in the r.yal ~squadrons
rs in bot cases seventeen feet, then the
whole of the hull If the one Is below TIA"
horizon when viewed from the level OF
the weather deck f the other al this
range of ten miles. ny ascending
20 a point on the mast 30 feet above
the water level rather more thar one
half OF tho encmy's hull cau theo-
retically, be seen, and by ascending 100
i--t The Whole OF tho hui! can be seen,
theoretically, and with dead calm
wator.
even under tn" most favorable
conditions that could reasonably he eX'
pected at this time Of tn" year IN the
North SEA the enemy's vessels could Ger
tn!nlv not have been more than a blur
on tn" horizon 10 the gunner, and cvon
the men at the range Finders could
have seen but little more, With any
IN ~ like n swell or sea running
noItlo- tho puuncrs nor tho range
ti.c-s .ouIl have seen the rnomN's
hulls M 81. for half ~" time % the
oponiug action H. therefore shows M"
wonderful skin Of he British sailors
and - INTENSELY pr,titt.hG 20 '., EI-
man 20 learn that the guns of az mag
ninCcnt battle cruisers can nat ara,
hit first and keep on hitting an 'acmy
that they practically cannot see While
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-23

tho vessels are tearing through the
water at n rate Of thirty-four land
miles an hour.
at would appear that at no time
was Two range much l,ss than 1000
yards, e. practically the range AZ
which il had been frequently thought
the opening rounds would he fired
owing to the enormous range and the
consequent comparatively steep angle OF
descent il - probable that few pro
|jectil's got through the arTnor Of the
perflinger. SeydlitH and Moltko, and
hence their engines were not seriously
damaged, 'hus allowing them 10 keep
M nearly full speed The havoc caused
on the decks and upper works, however,
mus have been %frighttul
In the action of tn" Falkland IL
lands 4, appears tna' the lUviuoihl"
opcned FIRE Al a range OF about -, 900
yards, and the SchaTuhorst was sunk,
Will. a distance OF between 10000 and
ll,000 Yards separated her from the
Carnnrvon. the vessel which admins
tcr,d the coup dc grace to her"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-23

this. Ny. TAFT said. than N.s 80 he
found IN tine fact that first one .idr and
then the other had criticised the NJ
ministration Tor It's part.ality. it, lame
acqutesceuce or It's unfair protests II"
went on
so extreme have some OF these parti-
sans become chat they propose to organ
ize a political party and take political
action, to he based on issues arising out
of the present war. TO ignore altogether
the questions germane 20 American do
mestic politics and TO visit all candidates
in future elections who do not subscribe
TO their fractional international views
with political punishment. am Car
from saying that an unwise 81 an un-
patriotic course in our foreign relations
may not justify criticism Of an Adj
mln!strltlou and may not require its
condemnation AT the appropriate, election.
but IN such a case the reasons must he
found IN injury - the interests OF the
United states and not iu IA" merits ~
the issues being fought out by Eu'opctn
nations in a Europedu areua'
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-23
right of Ind ustr>.

II. cited in Illustration the fac, That
during tho war with spain the United
states was obliged TO purchase ships
and other war equipment abroad. and
added. speaking with authority as a
former Secretary Of War as well as
cx-PrcsidoOt:
More than this. II "" w"r" 70 place
an embargo on m" sal" Of arms and
ammunition TO b"lligerents. We would
discourage the Industry in this country
and reduce substantially VI possihl"
domestic means of preparing for future
wars.
ut has lonG beer tho policy and the
wise policy Of no War department
not TO ne dependent for its supplies on
Government factories alone, but 20 on
courage private enterprise in this line
Of manufacture in order that should
national cxIg"ncy arise We could de
pend on aid from private sources.
"To dcuy 10 tho owners of such in
vestmonts the opportunities Of trade
with helligcrents would be 10 discour-
age them and make our preparedness
10 ~rcstist unjust aggression even less
than Il now is"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-23
Sees IN WEAKNESS
OUR BEST DEFENCE
John u. Long Thinks Germany
in similar Condition Would
BE ut Peace.
FOR NORMAL INCREASE

". q lie Kaiser. who by a turn
NJ niger could have prevented the
Nos. CHASTITY horror Of muti1attur and
ss,.l deliberately have in%augurated it
s war preparation had been no
create than our own"
IT, question was asked by John D.
lions CORNER Secretary OF The Navy.
who % d, letter TO the American League
% Limit Ai1namcnts favors n reason
able normal Increase Of the navy for
.a,A, dcfenccs and International peace
duty" but adds that the United States
"-..st got let the European war throw
.r'o a panic
T.a letter also says: ~ see 10 oh
% tun 10 Congressional Investigation Of
orr resources and preparedness in that
,..ors. ard Of "A report in due season
- reference thereto. SO far from IL
,.re wary operating AS n stimulus or
warning 10 US Immediately and abnor-
.ily 20 Increase u war forces and
armament. the argument. u seems 10
fr ~'irs The other way All the nations
whose a~ntagonism would be threatening
n is IN case any such antagonism
sNould arise win come out OF the pres
o.. gn0vulsion exhausted and BANKRUPT
a-l with . pretty keen appreciation
"a, years Of peace are vital 70 their
operation.
Then too II We were now az once
% put ourselves ~ tho partly enlarged
a. footing so urgently advocated al
rrese0t our equipment would probably
Ne ~autiGuated and not up to inventive
~a7vauccs before any emergency called
'ot is use against a world Power. I am
boz iavor OF a reasonable. normal in
lease Of our navy for coast defences
ord International police duty and OF
'r1 Htaining IN ships and men our CON
'rpod rate Of military preparation. hut
30 present q seems enough TO keen
- that programme without getting into
panic.
"0f ours & is true. as claimed. that
. any chance ~ wPr with n better pre-
rI"eA nation should arise our compare
'vc'v modest but by no means ineifi-
c'eut preparation might not permit US
- resort offhand TO the immediate ar
|h.''lrcut OF arms. But after all would
''t' really be a sorrow and might 1;
r,. lead 10 some other means % adjust
.,a- hat would be less bloody and
costIy 90
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-23
CANADA HOLDS GERMAN PAIR.
Charge Reduced to COnptracy for
Aidinr officer 10 Icn>c.

TORONTO, ontario. Feb. 22.--N thoueh
the trnwn insists that II has a strong
case against Emil N"rlirh n his wife.
wealthy Germans N Toronto, ,hargrd
with high treason in connection win
aiding a former German officer Ia leave
Canada. the hill was to-day reduced in
IN" trial court to "con piracy e. com
NIT An indictable offence
Arthur Xlerzow, the officer concerned,
Withdrew most Of his former sratencu S..
saying What ! tell to-day f. al true.
Wha, | told in the police court is mostly
not true II" explained thit IN iac
former court 10" Lad not though; e an.
rumhcnt 10 tel! thc t,utn. b"",usg a.
had no. taken the German oatt lie ad-
nittcd that he had received so from
Ncrllch toward me expenses of his trim
before he was rounded IN and informed.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-23
Am | A HUMAN BEING?'
ASKS OFFICER AT FRONT
Writes Of Sufferings of British
Soldiers in Water, Mud and
Endless Cold.

..l.%. Feb. 1.-THE surer1ngs OF
B-.:ish soldiers ~ The water hlled
trenches In northern France are dc.
.cr,1cd AS follows in n letter from an
OF sr 10 the Times
THE damp has got into my pockets.
! am wet from head TO heei. My
hands are oaEed ia mud | am wet
through, and have nowhere q chance
- Iy myself. Everything IN every
pocket is ruined. and my money i
nothing but a lump Of colured paper. I
have tried to dry the lead pencil ! am
Writing with by candle light in my dug
out but IT is of no use. The water is
,r.eklIng down the walls and giving me
p loNcr bath all the time. My breeches
srr th.ck with mud ! don't suppose
e,er NY mother would recognize me at
-. minute. ! have tried in ain to
o.. nv hands. have blown on them
.i hold them round the candle, but
Il 8 no good They are Inches deep
mud
Ng evolve. case has turned into putty
am my muller IS more ike a mud pie
'.4u auythiuE else The paper | am
.' 10 ON ! found round some chocolate
n my dugout. Somehow il had kept
vi - q tlh9 N'iif' - 's a
'hr ",t and mud have penetrated IT. I
t.'' 'Ncd on chocolate All day long, and
: ar r-inc INTO a cellar neal here to
-'' .om":hiug 10 eat whenever | can
Ne -,lrVed. This cellar belongs to a
~ nod farm that has not a wall stand
81 dag oug We have heard the
50 III of the shells overhead and seen
.N'u fall only a few yards away and
te'r ~ AMI rend tremendous holes in
'H" ground | "A v just waded through
u.r trenches. which have fallen TO
u".'- and are filling with mud ana
0l'or. parapets falling down and all
Tie duCouts ~coliapsing the mon stand
'- ,n.yoring IN the bitter wind on
se'.'y duty. others huddlcd together
trying 10 keep warm, hut wet and
gHuN and Cakcd with mud.
Ann / a human being ] ask myself.
5000 G~rldutlly getting cold and chilled
p through and will. to keep circulation
70 Ice forced to go round my sentries
n s'c Il they are all standing by, We
N.t' .ut slept for nights, and II Is hard
20. every one
| nm cheerful and rave a laugh ready
TO- 800 my mon They have been good
'o "". and u j. marvellous o good
'H'E lrr aud how little grumbling there
= I dug ono Of my mon out of the mud
'r-'f day thought we had lost him.
~ ,ooN an hour and "A half 10 dig him
'H' oui am glad to say we pulled
nm r"lni and ne is quite NJ again,
Las night / fell into a trench full ot
F.f.' tn3 the mon kept a little box
'I .' wood burning near me all night
.- .l brought me hot tea. They are
~d have worked splendidly all the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-23
HONOR WASHINGTON
IN MANY SERVICES
Knights Of Columbus Gather
at Cathcdral-BiShOp
Shahan There.
PATRIOTIC NAMPS MA RCH

Many organizations OF the city cele-
III ted Washington's Birthday in
CHURCHES or with paradcs. \ brave
display OF tie stars and Stripes was
mad everywhere.
- Patrlcks Cathedral wis the scene
Of the annual memorial mass of the
knights Of Columbus. and almost 1000
members attended Bishop Shahan.
rector ot the Catholic University at
Washington. was the celebrant of the
mass. and the preacher was the Rev
Thomas A. Thornton Of 81. Columba's
Cnurcl.
Father Thornton congratulated the
Knights particularly Tor the reason that
although the organization Is nov only
twenty years old it has 100000 mem
bcrs. II" said there ~ AN organized
Effort throughout the country TO bar
Catholics from holding office and tina
il this movement is successful the work
OF Washington will have been In vain.
IT, Brooklyn the Knights Of Columbus
assembled in tho church OF thc M
t.vity. Madison street near Clnsson
avenue Members OF The st Vincent de
Paul Society met in -. James,
Pro-tathedral in Jay street, and the
alumni Of - Francis College gath
cred In the college chapel. Fully TO-
oo0 men attended these three memorial
services.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-23
Nr. Bcck's OratIou.

In an grafton on "The Foreign Policy
of George tSh.nEton'' Mr. Beck said:
with scant cooperation. even from
his immediate Cabinet advisers. Of whom
Knox and Hamilton were avowed in
their ~synpHthies for England and JEFF
ferson and Randolph were equally ardent
for France. N~iEhingtou. with eNtrAor-
binary sagacity, kept the ship on an
oven keel when II was swept with high
and angry cross seas Of passionate
strife. for he saw thai nothing could he
more fatal than TO steer the infant re-
public into the then sccthing maelstrom
Of European politics.
defending his policy In a letter TO
Patrick Henry he aid
My ardent dcsIre and my ann has
been to comply ~strIrtly
with all u engagements foreign
and domestic and to keep the United
states FIRE, from political connection
with every other country, to 500
them independent OF all and under
the influence of none. IN 4 word,
want An American charactc" that
the Powers of Europe may he con
WINGED that We act for ourselves and
not for others This in my judg-
ment is the only way to he re-
spcctcd abroad and haDpN AZ home
'il' wv w "'''llAbA IiAl NlTtlil~ VI
Great Britain on France. create dis
s"nslon, disturb the public tranquil
lily ana dcstrov perhaps forever the
cement which binds IN" Union.
"In a letter to- William Heath dated
May 20, li97, me expressed the hope
that
our citizens would advocatc thc!r
own cause instead Of tina of any
other nation under the sun that is.
II instead Of being Frcnchmcu or
Euglishm"n IN politics they would he
Americans. indignant At any at
tempt of either OF amy other HoWCr.
tn 'stnhlish AN influence i'm our couu-
cll, or presume" to SOW the seeds Of
dlscord or disunion among "
"Nash.ngton had little patience with
hyphcmited Americans whether they
were Anglo-AmeriCans. -Amcricans,
franco mrriVans or German-Amcri-
cans. He welcome the alien to this
asylum of the oppressed, but when such
alien took an oath of office IL wa in
Washington's eyes no idle form that
such applicant then renowned All allie
glance To any foreign potontate"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-23
TAFT UPHOLDS WILSON
WAR NEUTRALITY STAND
EX-PrcSidemt Sees Grave Sit
uatiOn in Attacks on
Merchant Vessels.

MoRRisTowS. y. J., Feb g2.-Ey.
President william Howard Taft in Il =
speech here to-day before the Washing
ton Association # New Jersey upheld
the foreign policy of President Wilson
az being directly in line with tina, Of
George Washington. defended the ex-
portation of arms and ammunit on TO
England. decried hyphenated Amer
canism and had a grave word to Say
about attacks on neutral vessels.
Mr.. Taft, carrying out his wi plea
Tor perfect neutrality under the Under
stood rules. did not refer TO any of the
oelligercnt nations 10y naiuc OF the
most recent development of the war at
fecting the tnited States he said
In preserving the of the
United states with the bel,igerents We
are face TO face with a crisis. We are
threatened with a serious invasion OF Our
rights as neutrals in trading wi.h the
beIligeren' countries. What certainly il
an innovation upon previous rules in re-
spect to neutral and contra
band OF Mar has been initiated by bel
ligererts OF both sides.
The planting OF minee in the open
sea and the Use of submarines to send
neutral vessels to the bottom withou.
Inquiry as TO their neutrality when
found IN a so-called war zonc uf the
open sea are all OF fhem a variation
from the rules of International law gov
crning the action of belligerents toward
neutral TRACE. When Their violation re.
suits In III" destruction of the lives ~
American citizens. or of American prop
ertN. a grave issue will arise ~ 20 what
the duty OF this Government is.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-23
Wa.hingtOn's Policies.

Mr. Taft reviewed at some length the
history Of Washingtou's policies with
~.rard TO the foreign relations Of the
United states. He recalled that Wash
.rgton hegIl. his first Administration
at the outbreak ~ the French revolu-
ton. when the people OF France were
engaged in destroying the divine right
of kings and substituting therefor pop
natural friendship Of The people ~ the
United States for those of France and
for such a movement. ~ In spite Of
British iUsulcucr' Washington had
s.ut Jay to England TO make the
treaty which bears his name.
The policy Of neutrality framed in
those early days was Washington's
own. said Mr. TAFT. and he laid en-.
rhasis upon tn" proclamation Of neu-
trality issued in April. 1898. when France
was At war VIII England and there
was popular clamor, with some show OF
right. for the United states 80 side with
France.
"Fina.ly. after W~ashington's course
OF neutrality had been vindicated," said
Mr.. Taft. and when he came 10 lay
can people not to depart from II. He
said The great rule of conduct for us
In regard TO foreign nations is. in the
extension OF our commercial relations, 10
have with them as little political con-
nection as possible So far as We have
already formed engagements lot them
be fulfilled with perfect good faith.
Here let us stop"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-23
CANADIAN LOSSES REACH 226.
80 Ven ia Princess Pntricia's VcRi-
mrnt Have Been killed.

WV Fol %. casualty list
.". 's ino Government to-day brings
n-r.e %. Princess patricia's Regi-
Nd. 20 ,3lri, Killed and fortS-tv"
"'. T5'" ll1' '""iuies all casualties
at" g the regiments entry
''or'tcs ON January " up TO
ono, =,
.' Fl LOSSES of tho Canadian forces
nud II" kil'cd and wounded
..u ~ "2G THIS embraces a
pI deaths at Salisbury Plain.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-23

Mr.. Taft said that this sentiment OF
Wa~shington's was "a good text from
which to preach a sermon just now
There were, he said. many citizens of
the United States who look pack TO one
or the other of the belligcrents as their
fatherland, and II followed naturally
tina the bitterness Of the conflict
abroad should he reflected here. A re-
suit had been the creation of p~artisans
attack President Wilson because
he has been faithfully following the
example set and the admonition given
by our first President"
There could he no better evidence OF