Evening star., 1915-09-12
stride will have been taken in furthering

stride will have been taken in furthering
their development.
II am firmly convinced that the high
est, degree of efficient government is
of government is simplest and most
centralized. Under the English bor-
ough government, for instance, where
there is a large, unwie1dy council,
which is partly elective and partly ap-
pointive, and which is both legislative
and administrative in function. there is
found little efficiency of organization
and a comparatively low efficiency in
administration. The English borough
or corporation government is virtually
a government by numerous committees,
which clear through the clerk of the
council, who is the administrative head
Of the governments head, however.
with neither centralized nor recognized
administrative authority Your city
manager form, with it's expert eXecu-
tive officer, in whom you have vested
full administrative powers. as the agent
of the council, is a distinct improve
ment over the English system"
Progress in the East.
Questioned about his Investigations
in the orient, Mr.. Johnston cited the
organization of rural credit facilities
in India as an example Of the economic
and political progress that is being
made by the peoples of the east.
He said that India has accomplished
in this field something It has so far
been impossible to accomplish in Eng
land-the organization of an effective
system of cooperative rural finance.
THE establishment of a rural credit
system among the 00,000,O00 of people
who constitute the multi-race popula-
ton Of India is a noteworthy acrieve-
ment," he stated, especially when we
consider that it was necessary for the
government to take the initiative and
supply the capital The impulse in In
it should be kept in mind, is not a rep
resentative government, as in those
European countries where state aid has
been the basis of agricultural organiZa-
an European nation ruled by bureau
fcracy appointed by the dominant race
The government of India has set itself
the task of teaching the people of In
credit. 1t exercises no compulsion in
the formation of credit societies, but at
tempts to guide the movement so that
it can gradually convert its initiative
dcted by the people of India themselves
and also that the work of financing
and supervising the societies can later
be turned over to popular organiza-
tions"
East to Surprise West.
Speaking of China mad Japan. Mr.
Johnston said that "the east is awake
and will some day surprise the west
with the efficiency of it's economic or
ganization and strength. The ability OF
the Japanese we all know. but the
awakened China is still an unknown
element in world affairs.
"It is, however, a country Of poten-
tial possibilities. When the Chinese
have advanced their public education
and settled down permanently under a
government strong enough to grapple
with the mighty issues that confront
them China will play a dominant part
in international politics. The republic
Is apparently popular among the peo-
ple but it is still too young to hazard a
guess as to its strength. It is much
more efficient than the old imperial
government and has possibly come to
stay in spite of the persistent rumors
of the impending restoration of mon
archical form of government