davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-03-19
PICKED UP IN POULTRY YARD
Hantams More Than Pay for Keep In
Number Of Eggs They Lay-AIl-
ments Spread Rapidly.

Many persons are of the opinion
that bantams. because of their small
size. are valuable only for ornamental
purposes. They are mistaken, how
ever, for while they are rather too
small for table use, they will more
than pay for their keep in the num-
Der of eggs they lay.
For those who do not have much
room for poultry bantams are excel
lent chickens They thrive we'll in
close confinement; flock of dozen
can be kept in yard ten feet square.
and a good-sized dry goods box will
serve as house.
They are small feeders, yet the fe-
males will produce on an average 100
eggs each year, and the eggs are al
most as large as those laid by some
strains of Leghorns
Don't let disease of any kind get a
start in your flock AS soon as any
disease appears, isolate the affected
birds in coop kept for that special
purpose, or, if the cases are very bad
and the birds are not of special value
use the Ratchet and destroy the bodies.
An ailment will spread rapidly,
hence better sacrifice few fowls at
the start than run the risk of losing
many. Disease is sometimes intro
duced into a flock of birds that have
been purchased at other places, SO
care should always be used in purchas-
ing additional stock.
Everyone who has ever had expert
ence with poultry knows that cleanli-
ness is absolutely imperative if the
flock is to prove profitable.
Fowls will do something toward bal
ancing their own rations, ana they will
take more or less exercise if they have
the chance. But they cannot rid their
quarters of filth and vermin. No
doubt, however, but that the fowls
on many farms would be glad if they
could perform such work. 1t would
be done then.
The development Of the cold storage
business in eggs has made ii difficult
for city people to secure fresh eggs, or
good quality eggs, therefore there is a
good business for the farmer.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-03-19

ton. These changes are recorded by
the pressure gauges.
As the season advances the condi-
tons change; the temperature be-
comes more uniform and the earth
warns up. The roots now absorb
more rapidly and the upper portion of
the tree comes into a state of partial
equilibrium as related to the lower
part. The pressure diminishes. what
there is coming more from below the
tap hole than above; and gradually
the flow of sap ceases. A location
which retards the development of buds
is favorable to a late run of saps.
Damp ground takes longer to warm
up than dry, well-drained land; and
the later runs in such locations are at
tributed to the more gradual changes
in temperature of the soil surround
ing the roots.
The material from which the sugar
is made is elaborated by the leaves
during the growing season, from the
carbonic acid of the air with the aid
of sunlight, and is stored up in the
form of starch. Hence the character
Of the season as to the amount of sun
shine, the vigor of the tree, its leaf
Development and exposure to the light,
are important factors in determining
the yield of sugar the following spring.
! The sap in January and February is
quite different from that in March and
April. In the latter months much of
the stored-up starch is changed into
sugar, and the sap in the outer con-
| Quoting tissues of the tree becomes an
almost pure dilute solution OF sugar.
This is coincident with the sugaring
season, and is the effort of the tree to
feed the growing parts.
There has been much speculation as
to the weakening OF the tree by tap
ping, which is a sort of bleeding opera
ton and takes away a portion of the
stored-up nourishment of the tree.
The average sugar maple is estimated
TO carry approximately 80 pounds OF
sugar in its sap. Three pounds OF
sugar to a tree is looked upon as q
/ good yield, and this would represent
less than a tenth of the total sugar in
the tree. an amount which the investi
| cations indicate could easily be spared
under ordinary circumstances.
The run of sap was found to vary
considerably with different trees. al
did also its sugar content. The aver
age sugar content in FIVE different
orchards varied from EOS to 3.44 pei
cent These variations are due ii
part TO differences in location. ex
posture, age and size of the trees. bu
when separate trees are considered
notable instances of individual differ
ences are found. One tree, which be
came known as the sweet tree" CAV,
good flow of sap varying in thre'
seasons from nearly to over pc
cent in sugar Another tree tapped OF
all four sides produced II pounds o
sugar in single season.
AS to the location and manner o
tapping the trees. the experiment
were extensive and explicit The RI
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-03-19

der. But contrary to the exact SCI
ences, we fear his libation on this oc-
casion has served rather to feed the
flame which his name kindles and
which alcohol alone will quench.
1t was an aggravation of the offense
that he should serve the beverage in
the champagne style. even to the nap
kin about the bottle hiding its label.
What surprise. what joyful anticipa-
ton. what preparation to bury the
Ratchet and welcome their CHIEF into
the brotherhood of the bibulous as our
naval veterans watched the sparkling
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-03-19
CARING FOR THE BROOD SOW
Animals Intended for Breeding Pur-
poses Should Be Matured, but Not
Fat--lnduce Exercise.

AS the breeding season approaches
it is necessary to have the sows in the
best of condition. Animals intended
for breeding purposes should be ma
tured but not fattened; If immature
animals are to be used at all, they
should be at least eight months old
before being bred.
During pregnancy, sows should have
abundant exercise and a variety of
feed. During the winter months, I'M
less extra care be taken, brood sows
are particularly liable to lie in their
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-03-19

quarters and become inactive. Effort
should be made to induce them to
exercise. This may be accomplished
by having them travel around the
barnyard for feed, or by housing them
some distance from their feeding
place, or by making them root for
grain scattered under litter on
barn or shed floor They should not
be given too much of any one kind of
feed. If excessively fed, corn is par
ticularly Objectionable.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-03-19

amber liquid foam in the long estem-
med glasses, And then the long
deep drafts as they drank the secre-
tary's health-and the awakening.
That surely was cruel joke.-New
York Tribune.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-03-19

suits were slightly in favor of tap
ping on the south side of the tree
over any other points of the compass.
although the advantage was chiefly
noticeable on bright days. There was
little difference between the south and
east sides, but the west side gave the
least fow On cloudy days. whan
all sides of the tree warm up equally
fast. the flow was about the same all
around the tree. It is clear that a
tree should not be tapped on side
shaded by other trees, notably ever
greens.
The larger the hole bored for the
spout. the more sap and sugar were
obtained. but owning to the draining
of the tree and the difficulty of heal
ing over where large holes are used, it
is recommended to tap with three
eighths to five-eighths inch bit. The
largest yields of sap and sugar we're
invariably derived from the tissues
nearest the bark, the yield decreasing
as the depth of the hole increased,
and in general way the sugar con-
tent likewise. For larger trees a
depth of three inches was found sufi-
cient, and fol smaller second-growth
trees an inch and a half or two inch
tappingS are recommended, according
TO the size of the tree. More and bet
ter quality of sap was obtained by
tapping about four feet high than at
the ground level or higher on the
tree The spouts high up GA feet)
! ceased running first Tap holes placed
one above another. as is frequently
done, were found to affect each other.
even though they were several feet
| apart. The larger part of the sap and
nearly two-thirds of the sugar we're
obtained in the forenoon's run
1t has been suggested that the tree
should be tapped on the side where
there are the most branches. when
there is a marked difference in this
respect, on the theory that the sugar
4 is elaborated on the side where the
leaves are. Three years. experiments
on this point, with trees that had APP
proximately nine-tenths OF their
branches on one side. showed that in
such trees the sugar is distributed
/ throughout the trees, and could be
tapped out as well from one side as
another
These facts regarding the flow Of
maple sap, brought out for the first
| time in this study, have a practical
bearing in the management of sugar
orchards. The variation observed in
| the amount of sugar in the sap of diff
ferent orchards points out why it costs
some sugar makers more to make a
pound OF sugar than it does others.
/, The location of the trees and ex-
posture to the light are important
items. Trees well exposed to sun
/ light give more and richer sap than
| those which are crowded and shaded,
! for their leaf expansion is usually
/ greater. and they have more chance to
get the bright sunlight. Hence tree
of inferior production might frequent
ly be sacrificed with benefit to those
around it. The typical tree for large
run of rich sap is described as one
having a short cylindrical trunk, and
a large branching system beginning
about ten feet from the ground, which
provides for abundant foliage and
large leaf area.
This piece of work indicates anew
the value of systematic experiment
and investigation. even in the most
commonplace branches of farm prac-
tice.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-03-19
cEA01WA oDc5zP A61T

The art of making maple sugar dates
back to the early pioneer days of New
England. and even beyond that, for it
was practiced by the American In
dams. The settlers in Vermont
learned it from them and depended al
most entirely upon the maple for their
domestic sugar supply. Indeed, within
generation or so it was used to
considerable extent in place of com
mon sugar in localities where it was
made. 1t is a strictly American in
dustry, as the sugar maple does not
grow naturally in Europe; and in the
minds of many is perhaps more close
ly associated with sentiment than
most any other branch of farm work.
A generation ago the sugar season
was regular part of the yearly pro-
gram in certain regions, and sugar
ing" was an important source of reve-
nue. to the farmers. Although the place
of maple sugar and strip in the do
nestle economy has materially
changed. and these products have
been adulterated and initiated to an
extent calculated to drive the pure
article entirely out of the market, the
industry has persisted and has now
become largely a specialized business
devoted to the production of what has
become a luxury.
The returns of the last census show
that sugar making is carried on upon
nearly $1,000 farms. and repre-
sents a money value in the prod
ucts of upwards OF s3,000.000 in fair
year. The average maple sugar crop
is placed at approximately 45.000.000
pounds, although it fluctuates consid-
erably with the season. The last cssa-
sus year, which was an unusually poor
one. owing to the unfavorable weather
and the prevalence of the forest tent
caterpillar which defoliated the trees,
the crop fell to less than 100000
pounds 1t is made principally in Yer
mont, New Hampshire, New York,
Ohio, Michigan and Pennsylvania, Yer
mont leading all the other states and
producing from a fourth to third Of
the crop. Ohio is the greatest strip
producing state, and in 1900 made
nearly one-half of the total product,
or nearly 100000 gallons.
While Improvements have been made
in the mechanical operations of the
industry over the primitive methods
formerly employed. very little has
been definitely known about the the
cries of the flow of sap and the condi-
tons influencing it. These, of course.
must lie at the bottom of intelligent
sugar making.
The cause of the rise of sap is a
physiological one, due to several in
fuences, but not, as was formerly sup
posed, to root pressure. This the in
vestigation clearly showed. Early in
the season the ground is covered with
snow which protects the roots. Now
come few typical sap days-freez-
ing at night followed by warm day.
The limbs and trunk of the tree are
warmed, pressure is produced, and a
goodly flow of sap follows The roots
and portion of the trunk below where
it is tapped do not heat up like the
upper part of the tree; hence the
pressure of the sap is greater from
above than from below. Towards night
the tree cools down again. and the
flow gradually ceases. A freeze oc.
ours and there is found to be no pres
sure from within, but instead a sue
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-03-19
DO NOT HESITATE
To Use cuticura on Tortured
Babies. Trial Free.

A hot bath with Cuticura Soap and
gentle application of Cuticura ONT
ment at once relieve. permit rest and
sleep and point to- speedy healment
OF eczemas. rashes, itchings and irri-
tations of infants and children even
In severe cases.
Sample each free by mail with Book
Address postcard, Cuticura, Dept. XII
Boston. Sold everywhere.-Adv.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-03-19
GAVE THEM PINEAPPLE CIDER
Secretary Daniels Put Up Something
Of q Joke on His Guests Aboard
the MayfloWer.

1t is probably not true that the soft
drink, like the soft answer, turneth
away wrath. Otherwise the navy's
quarrel with Secretary Daniels, follow
ing his dinner for Admiral Baron Dewa
aboard the Mayiower, would have be-
come but the memory of a bitterness
dissolved in q deluge of pineapple CT
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-03-19
Rare pellcacv for Hens

A patch of rye in the poultry run is
a rare delicacy for the hens in winter
and is prime egg food. A good way
to disinfect an old poultry yard where
the soil is foul and full of disease
germs is to spade or plow it up and
SOW 1t in rye.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-03-19
Incomnatihle Tastes.

you say this pugilist is a great
lover of poetry?"
That's what | said"
But isn't it rather unusual for
man In his profession to care for the
finer things of life?"
at is, and suspect that's why he's
always getting trounced."
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-03-19
Strength.

Strength.
"A scientist claims that there is
more strength in eggs than in meat"
remarked the Old Fogy.
He is right" agreed the Crouch.
"A one-year-old egg is a whole lot
stronger than a five-year-old steer"
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-03-19
sem ID Best Advantane-

When farmer, either by good luck
or great skill, has raised fine crop,
he owes it to himself to sell it TO the
hest advantage.
Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1915-03-19
saIzers white Bonanza oa,..

Made G. J.. johnson of Liacoln n.
Mimi, famous in growing 24S bushels from
"a bushels sown last spring. Can vo,
beat that in 1915? Wont you tiys
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-02-18
TEACHERS WANT TEN WEEKS SUMNER
NORMAL.

At the regular annual meeting OF d Q
Pan Handle Teachers Association,
which was held at Guymon last week,
resolutions we're passed favoring ten.
weeks summer normal which II is pro
posed to establish at the p. A. l., al
dwell.
Pres. Black of that institution. for
warded US a copy of the resolutions
which follow:
BE 1t Resolved, BY che Teachers Of
the Panhandle Teachers Association
in Convention assembled at Guymon
Oklahoma, this l3th day OF February
1915, that we ask the Legislature OF
the State OF Oklahoma for an appro-
priation sufficient to carry on ten
weeks Summer Normal in connection
with the Panhandle Agricultural In
stitute at Good we'll, Oklahoma. for the
benefit OF the teachers of the Psnhau-
die counties who desire to better equip
themselves for the teaoher's profession
and are unable to do SO at the present
without great cost to themselves in
getting to and from the other STATE
schools.
Unanimously adopted by the Associa-
tion. !
Fl @. FELLOW, County Superintendent
of Beaver County.
NETrIE B. LYNCH, Of Texas County
WALTER KENNEDY. of Cimarron County
F. o. RNDoM, Pres.
VERA r, FAwCET, Sec.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-02-18
THE CHURCH As
AS0C|AL CENTER
A Broader Sphere for Rellslon--New
Field for the Rural Church.
BY Peter Radford

Lecturer National Farmers Union
The social duty OF the rural church
Is as much a part OF its obligations
as its spiritual side. In expressing Its
social interest, the modern rural
church does not hesitate to claim that
1t Is expressing a true religious In
stinct and the old-time idea that the
social instincts should be starved
while the spiritual nature was over
fed with solid theological food. Is fast
giving way to a broader interpreta-
ton OF the functions of true religion.
We take our place in the succession
of those who have sought to make the
world fit habitation for the children
OF man when we seek to study and
understand the social duty OF the
rural church. The true christian re
ligion Is essentially social-its tenets
OF faith being love and brotherhood
and fellowship. While following after
righteousness, the church must chal
lenge and seek to reform that social
order in which moral life is ex
pressed. While cherishing ideals OF
service, the rural church which u
tains the fullest measure of success
is that which enriches as many lives
as II can touch, and in no way car
the church come in as close contact
with its members as through the
avenue OF social functions,
The country town and the rura
community need a social center. The
church need offer no apology for It's
ambition to FIJI this need in the com
munity. II an understanding OF Its
mission brings this purpose into cleai
consciousness. The structure of q
rural community is exceedingly com
plex; It contains many social groups
each OF which has it's own center, but
there are many localities which have
but one church and although sucf
church canho. command the inter
est of all the people, It is relieved
from the embarrassment of rellgiouslI
divided communities
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-02-18
BIG CHEESE FOR EXHIBITION AT SAN
FRANCISCO.

cheese that weighs between five
and six tons, and is nearly . feet high
and more than 6 feet in diameter, has
has been made in New York State for
exhibition at the Panama-Pacilic Expo
sition, and is shown in an illustration
in the February Popular Mechanics
Magazine The intake of p factories
for day, amounting to about 10000
pounds of milk, was used in the manu-
faeture OF this enormous cheese II
was made in mold built up of galvan-
ized hoops AZ the close OF the expo
sition the cheese will be cut into pound
pieces and sold
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-02-18

PHILIPPINE aud Hawaiian men are be
ing considered as fit candidates for the
sovereign right Of voting citizens Of the
United States. Delegate Kalanianolo
introd uced the Hawaii suffrage bill in
the House of Representatives, Decem-
ber %, 1914. Should these island in
habitants be favored with the ballot,
we may watch with considerable inter
est how Filipino and Hawaii men de-
eide questions affecting women Of the
United States Women may not relish
their new political masters, and are
surely az capable OF deciding political
problems for themselves as are these
island men of different race, and social
environment. Filipino and Hawaiian
men may ask to participate In govern
ment. but when they stretch out the
hand OF authority over American wo.
men to voice their own opinions re-
garding conditions affecting theiI
homes, their sceools, and the lives oi
their children, she will scarcely accept
subsection to those island men whose
lives. language and thoughts are re
mote from the experience Of the intel
ligent womanhood OF the country
American women are Mt least tn,
equals OF the duksy men OF Hawaii ant
the Philippines, and worthy OF tn,
same political trust. To continue ou
women as disenfranchised in the gov
ernment is to stamp them as politica
interiors to these new sspirants for tn,
vote in the Pacific waters.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-02-18
Social Needs imperative.

The average country boy and girl
have very little opportunity for real
enjoyment. and have, as rule. a
vague conception of the meaning of
pleasure and recreation. II is to fill
this void in the lives of country youth
that the rural church has risen to
the necessity OF providing entertain
ment. as well as instruction. to its
membership among the young. The
children and young people of the
church should meet when religion is
not even mentioned II has been
found safest for them to meet fire.
quently under the direction and care
of the church To send them into the
world with no social training exposes
them to grave perils and to try to
keep them out of the world with no
social privileges is sheer folly. There
Is a social nature to both old and
young. but the social requirements OF
the young are imperative. The church
must provide directly or indirectly
some modern equivalent for the husk
ing bee. the quilting bee and the sing
ing schools of the old days. In one
way or another the social instincts
OF our young people must have oppor.
tunity for expression, which may
| take the form of clubs, parties. pic
MICS or other forms of amusement
One thing is certain. and that Is that
the church cannot take away the
dance, the card party and the theatre
unless It can offer in it's place sat
isfying substitute in the form of more
pleasing recreation.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-02-18
panaers In Rare heefstsnk.

You may like your beefsteak rare,
but there is danger in eating any meat
not well cooked. Measles In cows
leave boxed-up parasites in the bovine
flesh. You do not notice them with the
naked eye, but they are there, and II
they are not killed by thorough cook
ing they win cause tapeworms in the
digestive organization Of the human
system, and then follow associated dis
eases and discomforts
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-02-18
OBITER DICTA

The state cannot war against human
nature.-Bishop weldon.
Education Is drawing out" not put
ting in.-Dr. Arthur Chiffon.
We trust too much to luck and
pluck.-Dr. Inge, Dean of st. Pauls.
There is nothing to be ashamed of
in patches.-Nora lyman OMahoney.
The real object OF lecturing Is to
arouse curiosity. not to satisfy.-A.
c. Benson.
II amuses me to watch clowns. To
my view they symbolic so admirably
the stupidity of the masculine sex
Christabel Pankhurst.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-02-18
loved Home and Children.

Kingsley Gad ap ideal home, and
was never happier than when play
ing with his children. He gave them
the hest of everything-the largest
and sunniest rooms indoors and the
best part of the garden as play
ground. He was at his best-where
ordinary men so often fail-in the
home. The griefs of children made
sad. "A child mourning over broken
toy he wrote. lis a sight cannot
bear"
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1915-02-18
criminals strenuously Dealt with.

There is scarcely any crime in New
Zealand, largely because they make
strenuous effort there to arrest, try,
convict. hang and bury a criminal
within two weeks of the commission
of his crime. IL this be murder, or, II
not a hanging offense, to get him as
quickly as possible into a disagree
able prison. where he will have to
work hard and fare upon bread and
er.-Exchange.