Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1915-11-25

is as follows:
The Fruit Tree Leaf Syneta Albida.
(Life History-By H. f. Wilson and
G. f. Moznette of the Oregon Agricul-
tural College.)
Hibemation-The winter is spent in
the larvel stage. At the time when
winter starts in, great many larvae
are mature or nearly so; others are not
more than half grown. Hibernatfon
takes place in earthern cells at from
six inches to IA or more inches below
the surface of the ground.
Pupae-The first pupae begin to
form about the first of March and the
adults begin appearing along about the
middle of March, depending upon the
early spring temperatures. The pupae
can be found from February 25th to
May 10th and reach a maximum abund-
ance at the end of March or beginning
of April Minimum length of the
pupal stage is eleven days; average l5
and 16 days; and maximum observed
% days.
When first formed the pupa is pure
white in color and remains so for about
seven to nine days; when the eyes
turn red and the tips of the caudel fill
aments turn dark. When the legs and
antennae are about to separate from
the body, they become light brown and
the mandiples become dark brown on
the outer half. Head furnished with
sets of long hair like spines; each set
consisting of three; placed just oppo-
site the eyes. ProthoraX with 10 to 20
short to long hairs mostly in a band
across the center. The mesothorax, the
metathorax, and each segment Of the
abdomen bear a row of about ten
spines along-the dorsum. Tip of each
knee joint also with two hairs. Length
of pupa to nm.
The pupal cell, made entirely of
earth is simply an oblong oval cell not
much larger than the pupa,
The adults begin to appear about the
first of March and remain in evidence
until about the middle of June. The
suddenness which they may be said tc
appear is probably due to the fact that
Immediately after emergence they find
their way to the opening flower and
leaf bud and remain there more or less
hidden until disturbed This is especi
ally true if the weather is chilly Oh
rainy. On sunny days they move abou
quite freely and can be seen flying
about the orchard and feeding ON thu
petals and leaves. When. a tree upoI
which they are resting is Jared or dis
turbed they quickly drop to the grounC
and, when present in numbers, appea,
like falling petals.
The depth at which the pupae arr
found in the ground might lead one t
believe that the adult would have {
hard time escaping but in reality they
are able to work out quite rapidly, due
perhaps to the fact that they are founC
mostly in cultivated ground. Many OBJ
servations were made in open ground
and under trees of various kinds in the
orchard, where extensive observations
were made in sod and cultivated areas
and as rule very few specimens wer'
found where the orchard was kept IL
sod.
No specimens were taken in oper
ground nor were they found among
Young trees. That they may be founC
promiscuously distributed, however, ear
easily be seen from the fact that the
eggs are deposited unfortunately over
the ground, with very little attempt tC
hide them The males and females
which are readily distinguishable zap
pear at the same time, and population
takes place shortly after emerging
Under normal conditions egg laying be