davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
GERMANY DEFENDS DEED.
Points to Warning and Seeks to Shift
Blame to Owners

'io'ilO " o"nCIS.
Berlin. via Wireless to London
The following official communication
was issued:
"The Cunard liner Lusitania was
torpedoed by a German submarine
and sunk. The Lusitania was not
only armed with guns, as were re-
Gently most Of the English mercantile
steamers, hut, as Is well known here,
she had large quantities Of war ma
terial in her cargo.
"Her owners, therefore knew to
what danger the passengers were eg.
posed. They alone bear ali the re-
sponsibility for what has happende.
Germany, on her part, left moth
Ing undone to repeatedly and strongly
warn them. The imperial ambassador
In Washington even went so far as to
make a public warning, SO as to draw
attention to this danger. The Eng
lish newspapers sneered then at tho
warning and relied on the protection
Of the British feet to safegard At.
lantic traffic"
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
GOV. DUNNE URGES cALmNEss
Asks Citizens to Withhold Views and

Asks Citizens to Withhold Views and
Leave Wilson Unembarrassed.
Springfield. lll.--GOvern0r Dunno is
sued formal signed statement urg.
ing calmness in the face OF the sinking
Of the Lusitania.
American citizens generally, and
particularly those in public Office out
side Of the office OF the secretary OF
state. should not in this grave crisis
forestall or embarrass the president
and the department OF state by giving
utterancc to their personal views in
relation to this grave calamity" says
the statement.
1t closes with an expression OF con
hdence In the Wilson administration
and faith that 1T will "avert the awful
calamity of war with honor and credit
to the American republic"
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
WHOLESALE MURDER
CORONER'S VERDICT
FIND GERMAN OFFICERS AND
GOVERNMENT GUILTY OF
MURDERoUS ATTACK
CAPTAIN TURNER IS WITNESS
Testifies, Describing the Catastrophe
and Saying He Could Only Obey
Orders Given Him.

Kinsale, Ireland-The coroner's
jury investigating the deaths Of five
persons drowned when the Cunarder
Lusitania was sunk by a German sub
marine off the coast Of Ireland last
Friday, returned verdict here charg-
ing "thc officers Of said submarine
and Government Of Germany, under
whose orders they acted, with the
crime OF wholesale murder before the
tribunal of the civilized world"
Captain Turner Of the Lusitania was
the principal witness. He told the
jury he did not see any submarines
citr9r before or after his ship was tor
pedoed. He was on the bridge when
his vessel first was struck and i'm
mediately gave orders for the lower
ing of the boats and the placing Of
the women and children in them.
Captain Turner said that after the
warnings at New York that the Lusi-
tania would be torpedoed he did not
make any application to the Admir-
atty for an escort. "It is their busi-
ness, not mine. | simply had to carry
out my orders to go, and | would do
it again." declared the witness with
emphasis.
The verdict Of the coroner's jury
follows:
I'VE find that the deceased met
death from prolonged immersion and
exhaustion in the sea eight miles
south-southwest Of Old Head Of Kin
| sale, Friday, May Z, 1915, owing to
the sinking Of the Lusitania by tor
pedoes fired by German submarine.
I'VE find that this appalling crime
was committed contrary to interna-
tonal law and the conventions OF all
civilized nations.
I'VE also charge the officers Of
said submarine and the Emperor and
Government Of Germany under whose
orders they acted, with the crime Of
wholesale murder before the tribunal
Of tho civilized world
"We desire to express sincere con-
dolence and sympathy with the rela-
tives Of the deceased the Cunard
Company and the United States.
many Of whose citizens perished in
this murderous attack on an unarmed
| liner"
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
SAW DISASTER FROM SHORE.
Coastguardsman and Cork Farmer
Say Ship Sank In Eight Minutes.

Coastguardsman and Cork Farmer
Say Ship Sank In Eight Minutes.
Cork.--A coastguard who witnessed
the sinking Of the ship. believe that
she sank within eight minutes.
His story is confirmed by a Cork
farmer who was working near Old
Head Kinsale, when he heard shots,
and looking seaward saw steamer
with her bows in the air He said
that hardly ten minutes later she
keeled over on her side AMI sank.
a resident Of Ardfed estimates
that the ship was five miles from
shore when he heard the crash Of the
torpedo as it pierced her side. For
a moment she seemed to move slow
ly straight ahead, then turned sud.
denly and then stopped, her bow sink
ing and the stern rising. Then she
keeled over and disappeared from
sight. Within few minutes ten res
cne boats had reached the spot where
she went down.
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
twelve HUNDRED LIVES LOST;
LuSITAN|A, GREAT OCEAN Liner
VICTIM OF GERMAN SUBMARINE

down with her and the tremendous
suction as the liner was engulfed
dragged many down.
"The first torpedo burst with big
thud, and we knew that we were
doomed
1--WE had hoated about two hours
In our small boat before the first res
cue steamers arrived. Previous to
this time some small shore boats and
fishing smacks came along and help
ed u.s."
The Rev. H. W. Simpson. passen-
ger In the second cabin, saved him
self by clinging to an upturned boat.
After q struggle we filled this boat
with all we could rescue" DR.. Simp-
son said today. eve tied a pair Of
trousers to an oar and hoisted it as
a signal OF distress.
"a big trawler came along and took
us aboard
when we were struck was in the
saloon. Lifebelts were handed around
but the people did not want to put
them on and they rushed off to the
deck just as they were"
A cabin steward gave the following
account:
THE passengers, large number of
whom were seriously injured by the
explosion and by splinters from the
wreckage, were all at luncheon. The
weather was beautifully clear and
calm. We were going at about 16
knots, and were seven or eight miles
south Of Galley head when we were
struck by one torpedo and In a min.
uate or two by two more. The first
explosion staggered us, shattering the
gigantic ship. The Lusitania disap
peared in 20 minutes after the first
torpedo struck.
1T was terrible sight, but the
passengers were surprisingly cool
We did not get moments notice
from the submarine. 1t appeared sud
denly above the surface on the star
board bow. 1t disappeared as suddely
as 1t came into view, and was not
seen again. 1t did not attempt ia
save men, women or children, but left
them to drown like rats in trap when
the great ship sank like stone.
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
JUSTIFIED IN SINKING LINER.
Or. Derhburg Says Lusitania Was
war Vessel.--"Amercans Used
ClnaL

war VesseI.-"Americans Used
as Cloak"
Cleveland. d.--Justitication of the sinlt
ing of the liner Lusitania by German
submarines as a man OF war was ad-
Vanced by DR.. Bernhard Dernburg.
former German Colonial Secretary and
regarded as the Kaisers official
mouthpiece in the United States. Dr..
Dernburg gave out statement at the
Hollenden Hotel following his arrival
IN Cleveland to address the City Club
at noon on Germany's attitude In the
present war.
Because the Lusitania carried con-
traband OF war and also because she
was classed as an auxiliary cruiser
and was at the disposal Of the Brit
ish Admiralty. Germany had right
to destroy her regardless Of the pas
| sengers, which included nearly 200
Americans, Dr. Dernburg said. Warn.
ings given by the German Embassy
In public advertisement before the
sailing of the Lustania, he added, to.
! gether with the note of Feb. 18, de.
claring the existence Of war zones
! relieved Germany from responsibility
for the loss Of the many Americans.
The blowing up Of tho American
tank liner Gulhight carrying a cargo
Of oil for France also was character
lied as 1ustinable by Dr.. Dernburg.
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
GERMANY BLAMES ENGLAND.
Ambassador Expresses Degret to AM
erica.-Charging England With
Whole Affair."

Washington.-Whi official Wash
ington waited for the word from Pres.
ident Wilson as to what is to be the
policy of the United States in the
crisis resulting from the sinking OF
the Lusitania. Count Bernstorff, the
German Ambassador, called at the
state Department and expressed to
Secretary Bryan. his deep regret that
the events of the war had led to the
loss of so many American lives"
The Ammbassador did not comment
on his visit but Secretary Bryan, say
ing only that he understood tho ex-
preston to have come from Count
Bernstorff personally gave out the
following by agreement:
"Tho German Ambassador called at
the State Department and expressed
his deep regret that the events OF tho
war had led to the loss Of so many
American lives"
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
Two Torpedoes Strike Vessel
Sending Her To Bottom In
Fifteen Minutes
STORIES OF SURVIVORS
About 12O Americans Are Loot
Many Victims Are Women. Bod
les Brought to Land.

London Cunard liner Lusi-
lana, which sailed out of New York
with more than 1000 persons aboard,
lies at the bottom Of the ocean off
uhe Irish coast. She was sunk by
German submarine which sent two
torpedoes crashing into her side while
the passengers were at luncheon,
The Lusitania was steaming along
about 10 miles off Old Head Kinsale
on the last leg Of her voyage to
Liverpool when about 2 o'clock in
the afternoon submarine suddenly
appeared and so far as all reports
go, fred two torpedoes without warn
ing at the steamer. One struck her
near the bows and the other in the
engine room.
The powerful agents of destruction
tore through the vessels side, caus-
ing terrific explosions. Almost i'm
mediately great volumes Of water
poured through the openings and the
Lusitania listed.
Boats which were already swung
out on the davits were dropped over
board and were speedily filled with
passengers who had been appalled, by
the desperate attack. A wireless call
for help was sent out, and Immediate
ly rescue boats Of all kinds were sent
both from the neighboring points
along the coast and Queenstown.
Within Is minutes. as one survivor
estimated. and certainly within half
an hour the Lusitania had disap-
peared.
Wien the passengers realized that
the LusitanIa was doomed they
found that most of the boats of the
port side were so jammed because OF
the great list of the vessel that they
could not be lowered and last seen
Of them by the more fortunate pas
sengers who had secured places in
the starboard boats or who had
jumped overheard and had been pick
ed up, they were lined on the sloping
decks awaiting their fate, doubtless
even then believing that with land so
close they would still be saved.
However, the torpedocs had torn
such gaping holes in the liner that
she did not remain aflOat for more
than 20 minutes, and the calls for
help which the wireless sent out, al
though answered quickly, could not
bring the rescuing steamers in time
TO be Of any service.
Clinton Bernard Of New York, a
first cabin survivor Of the Lusitania,
said Of his experiences:
I Jumped overheard. had no life
belt but I picked UP bit Of foatsam.
Finally I got to an upturned boat and
cling to that. Later, with some others
who had swan to this boat, we man.
aged to right 1t and climbed In and
started to rescue thos2a, we could
reach.
"The German submaafne S$,nade nc
attempt to save anybody!s, 10 saw II
for moment just befoB%,idote.
"The first torpedo, ,8%S1tck (us be
tween the erst andy bnd tunnels
The L-ssttanS SshookS .&settled down
. bit. Two ot&sf-Jts &eeETtl!:as quickly
followed and soon flnishsy ehip
@'our OF Ave OF our lifeSsaasz Sn' sEp
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
FACTS ABOUT THE LUslTANlA.
Erery Thing About the Great Ocean
Liner Was Colossal in Dimensions.


New York.-The Lusitania Is the
twenty ninth vessel to be sunk or
damaged in the first week Of May In
the German war zone about tho
British Isles.
Most Of these vessels were torpe-
doed by German submarines, although
in some cases 1t has not been estab-
lished whether the damage was in
6icted by mines or underwater boats.
During the last fortnight German
submarines have carried on the most
active campaign Of any time since the
war began.
The Lusitania was one of the larg-
est transatlantic liners and was one
Of the speediest. She was built in
Glasgow in 1906 and was 785 feet
long. Her gross tonnage was 32,5OO
and her net tonnage 9,145. She was
owned by the Cunard Steamship
Company, Ltd, of Liverpool. Her
captain was w. T. Turner
The Lusitania was a product Of the
race for speed which was carried on
for years among transatlantic steam
ship companies. particularly of Eng
land and Germany. When the Lusi-
tania was launched she was the won
der Of the maritime world. Her mas
terry Of the sea from the standpoint
Of speed was undisputed.
Marine engineers were particularly
interested in the great engines by
which the Lusitania was propelled,
which were regarded as a distinct de-
parture. Instead Of the usual type Of
reciprecating engines, her builders in
stalled turbines These engines de-
veloped an indicated horsepower OF
10000, driving four shafts, each Of
which carried three-bladed pro-
peller.
The launching Of the Lusitania on
June 7, 1906, at Clyde Bank, was at
tended with elaborate ceremonials.
She left on her maiden trip Septem.
ber 7, 1907 This voyage was herald
ed as a race for the worlds record
German steamship companies said
her time Of five days, Sd minutes,
was not in reality a record. Later
she made an undisputed record OF
four days, II hours, AZ minutes, but
that subsequently was beaten by the
Mauretania.
In January of last year the Lnsi-
tania rescued the crew Of the little
Canadian brigatine Maynower which
was drifting wrecked and helpless
| 1000 miles from the Canadian shore.
Every thing about the i.usitania was
OF colossal dimension. Her rudder
weighed 65 tons. She carried three
! anchors OF 10 tons each. The main
frames and beams placed end to end,
would extend 80 miles
Charles p. Sumner, general agent
OF the Cunard line in New York, is.
sued statement just before the
Lusitania left New York the Last time
saying her voyage would not be at
tended by any risk whatever, as the
liner had a speed OF % IL knots and
was provided with unusual water.
| tight bulkheads. Marine men said that
in their opinion the Lusitania could
not be sunk by any single torpedo.
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
ONLY A FEW Of LUS|TAN|AS VICTIMS
ARE FOUND; 1877 AMERICANS DEAD
765 SURVIVORS.

New York. The Cunard
Steamship Company ANNOUNCE
ed the receipt Of the following
cablegram from Liverpool:
Queenstown advise total
number of survivors 764, IncIud.
Ing 462 passengers and 3O2
crew.
cone hundred and forty-four
four bodies recovered, of which
81 Identified and 81 unidentified.
Identified bodies comprise 65
passengers, % crew.
Number Of persons injured:
Thirty passengers and seven
teen crew."
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
PRESIDENT CALMLY CONSID
ERlNG QUESTION

Washlngton.-After conference
with the president at the White
House, Secretary Tumulty said:
"Of course the president feels
the dlstrese and the gravity OF the
situation to the utmost, and is con.
sidering very earnestIy, but very
calmly, the right course Of action
to pureue. He knows that tho poo
pie Of tho country wish and expect
rlm to act with deIiberation as we'll
as with flrmness."
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
ROOT GRAVELY SILENT.
Ex-senator Says He Feels That He
should Say Nothinu

Albany, y. " lJx- Senator Elibu
Root, president OF the constitutional,
convention, received with eviden
cehcern reports Of the sinking Of the
l.usitan'a indicating that the number
OF dead was much larger than early
news had indicated He declined 80
comment or to give an opinion on the
probable effect the loss OF many
American lives would have on the fu
ture relations between this country
and Germany.
i feel that should say nothing
said Mr. Root gravely.
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
15O Babies Perished.

LondOn-The Illustrated Sunday
Herald Of Cork says there was on tho
Lusitania fifty babies who were less
than twelve months old and more than
one hundred others whose ages did
not reach two years. They all have
been drowned
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
Mo News of Vanderbilt

Washington. American Consul
Frost at Cork sent the following
cable to the State Department:
please assume that persons not
listed as either survivors or identified
dead are missing and almost certain.
ly dead. No news Of Vanderbilt,
Stone. Shields, Myers, Hubbard, For
man nor az their bodies"
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
U-39 Sunk Lusitania.

l.ondon~A Central News dispatch
from GeOna says telegram received
there from Munich declares it was the
German submarine U-39 that sunk the
l.usitania.
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
Mobs \ tack German shops.

Liverpool. - Attacks on German
shops. which began some time ago
were renewed as a result OF fury
aroused by the sinking OF the Lusi
tania. Most Of the rioters were VIC.
men, many OF them relatives to sail
orS OF the Cunard Line.
Several shops were werecked and the
contents piled in the streets and
burned.
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
List Of Identified Dead.

New York.-Relatives and friends
OF passengers missing from the list
of Lusitania survivors again besieged
the Cunard offices. Some were reward
ed when the company posted a revis-
ed list OF survivors and the hopes OF
others were dashed when another list
was posted containing the names Of
identified dead
While hope was not entirely aban-
doned that more survivors might be
reported, line officials feared the toll
OF dead would not materially be re-
duced below present figures.
A list Of identified dead given out
follows:
First Glass.
Mrs G. w. Stephens, Montreal:
Charles p. Paynter, Liverpool {previ-
Ously reported among survivors);
Mrs. A. de Page. New York; b. King
ct. c. King); Frank G. Naumann
New York; Robert w. Crooks, Toronto
previously reported among surviv-
ors) Mrs. Brown (Mrs NJ. G.. Brown)
Second Class.
Mrs. +. King; Rev. James A. Beat.
tie; William r.. Bushvine; F.. G.. Tyers:
Michael Foley CA. II. Foley);- j. r.
Sipplman (Iohn' B. Spillman).
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13
decks with wreckage.

decks with wreckage.
Officers of the ship are quoted
as saying that two other torpedoes
were fired, but missed the ship. An
other account says seven were shot
at tn Lusitania.
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1915-05-13

Japan Cancels Military Movement.
Tokio.-The Japanese Government
announced that the naval and military
movements In connection with the
Chinese situation had been capcal,ed.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1915-08-31
Harvesting Peanut Hay.

In harvesting peanuts, where the
acreage is large enough, a peanut har
vester can Ee used to advantage. The
peanut digger is used by many ia NJ
ers to lift the vines, as it leaves
them lying loosely on the ground,
and they can be easily thrown into
punches and small shocks with a hay
fork. A 2-horse turning plow with the
moldboard removed makes an excel
lent peanut digger, as does also a
potato digger.
Peanut hay can be cured by stack
ing around poles 3 to 1 inches in
diameter and feet high, set in the
ground deep enough to stand. A 2
by-i scantling may be used in the
absence of poles. Two pieces of
scantling ) feet long are nailed 6
inches from the ground so as to make
cross, then the vines are stacked
around the poles. In starting the
stack a few forkfuls are laid across
the scantlngs and the shock built
up by successive layers of vines, the
pods being kept to the center, slop-
ing the vines so as to shed the rain.
| When the stack is finished a cap OF
grass and vines is placed on top of
the pole. The hay should Re allowed
to stay in the stack until the nuts
become dry and firm, which usually
takes about month, then baled in
the usual way.
The whole peanut plant makes an
unusually rich and palatable hay con
tanning 1874 per cent protein, 40 per
cent carbohydrates, and q per cent
fat Whole peanut hay analyzes
| higher than alfalfa, therefore it is an
excellent feed for work horses, mules,
beef and dairy cattle.
Where peanuts are planted for hogs,
the vines can be cut with a mower
and allowed to cure in stacks.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1915-08-31
:: :; :: :: u :. 8: y :: :: u u u u y 8,
. THE COTTON SITUATION /.
Il u
y (. :: u 8: :; :: :, y - Il y u :, u :,
(By Henry CIews & Coz.

New York, Aug. 30.-The cotton
market towards the close of the week
showed greater activity with bet
| ter general demand for contracts
than at any time since the upturn,
which followed the publication Of the
last government condition figures at
the beginning of the present month.
There has been a pronounced change
in sentiment and cotton is again
| looked upon with favor Undoubted-
ly the most important development
in bringing this about was the prom
Use made by the secretary of the treas
ury that the government would ad-
vance millions of dollars to southern
farmers. The federal reserve act has
improved the machinery Of the bank
ing system to so great an extent that
such steps as were taken last fall,
when voluntary subscriptions by the
banks were deemed expedient to help
the grower, will be entirely unneces-
sary this season. 1t is new assured
that if cotton farmers want money
their needs will be supplied at low
interest rates. A few weeks ago we
pointed out in these adviceS that Ger
man interests were quietly accumu-
lating cotton here as against their
needs at the end of the war, and we
stated at that time that we believed
that German textile manufacturers
were fully awake to conditions and
would not allow themselves to be
placed at the trade disadvantage
which would certainly prevail If they
deferred their purchases until the
end of hostilities, when Lnquestion-
ably higher prices would rule. 1t Is
gratifying to note that Mr.. w. p. G.
Harding of the federal reserve board,
in an address made this week to the
Alabama Merchants association at
Birmingham, takes practically the
same position. Among other things
Mr. Harding points out that Germany
will probably buy and store cotton
here in large amounts regardless OF
its immediate availability. In this re-
gard he says "No one has ever ac-
cused the Germans of beng lacking
in far-sightedness. Is it reasonable
to believe that they would look with
compacency upon the absolute con-
troll of the cotton market by the mills
of England and America, permitting
them to secure their supplies of cot
ton at very low prices, and defer their
own purchases until after peace is
made?' In another part OF his ad-
dress Mr.. Harding advised the own
ers of cotton to sit tight. His speech
is certainly impressive and implies a
thorough knowledge of the situation.
The contraband question, being now
a matter of fact, is no longer a spec
ulative factor. This taken in con-
nection with the proposed relief
measure leaves the outlook much