Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1915-03-05
Gar NchRS Coal,
EY bR.TAIN'S AID
|. Puts aonsjant,nOCIa Within
Reach OF The Russians.
CITY DESIRED FOR ACES.

MuscSvitee havo Wased Te, Wars Ftr
Purposes G. Ceizns Aroert 6y@sn-
tiur1. Ultimate 90 set Beng Winning
OF por. Wi:r Access TO the Hedi-
terranean.
The de- lara; ion of the British for
eIgn secretary. Sir Edward Grey. that
Great Britain is Wilslu- TO abandon her
historic opposition to l.usSian access
tu the Mediterranean. shows that
to time for centuries maintained by
force Of arms has been aba ndoned.
This policy was 10 keep Russia from
having unrestricted access TO the Med
iterrunean. and originated with the
4dea that such access might at any
time be employed to isolate the United
Kingdom from the Indian empire,
which would then fail prey to Rus
sia operating from Siberia.
On the other hand. Russia. with a
v0Oe dACA VA 40 Ct C'CtoPSA ~
sources. has as constantly sought q
southern port that should be free from
ice the year around. Imagine the Uni
ted States In Its present latitude, but
with twice its lateral area and with no
port south Of Portland. Ore. and you
have a fair idea Of the commercio-
geographical position Of Russia. The
seduction Of the Daydanelles forts pro-
tecting Constantinople has aided ma
terially In advancing Russia's aims.
For two centuries Russia has sought
- reach the eastern Mediterranean
through Turkey and is now fighting
her tenth war In the effort. After each
defeat she has turned her attention
elsewhere. The Russo-Japanese war
developed from an attempt Of Russia.
DO secure the coveted port on the coast
Of Asia. The delicate condition Of An
gjo- Russian diplomacy during the lat
Der half Of the last century was due to
1ussin's desire to obtain foot bid on
the Persian gulf. This condition was
flnally dissipated, however. by the
Anglo Russian treaty Of 1907. which
paved the way to the present triple
entente. Russia's attention then re-
verted to the near east and Turkey.
Here IS a brief record Of Russian at.
tempts for the last 200 years to reach
tie sea via Turkey: n
Il, l7O0 Russia attemnted to reach
Turkey via the Black sea and was de-
seated.
Il f73o -Rnssia. aided nv Anstr,.
srie,I "a rcnch Turkev tbronrh the Raj.
h.ns hint at tho clnee ~ the yar tho
Turss had invaded Russian terrttorv. !
The war az 1768-74 was n retal,a-
don Tor that az 1739 Rnssio invaded
northeastsrn Turkey and swent the
Turkish ships from the Black sea. All
that saved Censtantinople then was
- plague which broke ont In the Rus
siau army.
In 178S Russia attacked Turkey along
the Danube, and her troops had reach
"a the southern confines OF Bulgaria.
= Il was prior to the late Balkan war.
when Turkey sued for peace.>
Tho War Of 1907 was brought about
b. the intrigues OF Napoleon's agents
at the court OF the sultan, who desired
. divert Russia's attention from the
snarch OF the French on Moscow. Eng
land came to the support OF Russia
this time. Admiral Duckworth sailed
through the Dardanelles and threat
1ned to lombard ConstantinOple unless
Turkey Joined England and Russia
against Napoleon. The Turk was still
making evasive answers when peace
was concluded.
In 1910 Russian army advanced as
Nar as Baxarjik, but could not proceed
IN account OF disease and the lack OF
provisions.
A similar invasion was repeated in
1880, with great preparations on
Russia's part and with the proclaimed
objective Of Copstantinoplc. This was
the famous war in which Greece gain.
ed her fndependence and nv which
Russia freed mart or what is nov Rou.
mania from Turkish rule. hut II was
cut short nv the pfs,pue-