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The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1915-03-17
K X X x X K X x X x X r X x \
x POPULATION OF EUROPE X
x SERIOUS PROBLEM x
X X X X X X X k< X X X X X X \
By HENRY WOOD.

By HENRY WOOD. @.-
Paris, March 1.-THE Academy Of
Moral and Political Sciences has just
asked the French government to take
up at once it's most serious problem
that will result from the war-that
of the population of Europe. =
The academy has pointed out that
when the war ends minimum of g.
100000 at the very least will have
been killed. The crisis which Eur
ope will then face for it's repopula-
ton will be without parallel in the
worlds history. ss
The academy has already pledged
to the government it's most profound
and exhaustive study Of the situa-
ton While it is the intention of
the members eventually to take up
the problem in it's application to all
countries stricken by the war, they
for the moment will confine their ef-
forts as it is presented in France.
That France will be the country
that will face the most serious phase
of the situation is already recognized.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1915-03-17
Our Slogan:
"Bemidji $4,000
Population
in 1925"
The Government Interested.

For some time there has been
loud cry for the repeal of the law
which provides for the fee system in
connection with the State Department
of Weights and Measures, and it now
seems that the legislature is to take
the desired action in the matter.
The government is much interested
in two bills; one introduced by Sena-
tor Rockne of Zumbrota which would
combine the Weights and Measures
department with the Dairy and Food
commission, and another by Repre-
sentative Frank Nimocks and Senator
G. M. Peterson, which would abolish
the fee system. 1t is believed gener-
ally that the first bill would not work
out successfully, while the second bill
is favored Fay Holbrook, special
investigator of the Federal Bureau
of Standards, is now in St. Paul to
look into the various bills pending.
Senator Rockne's bill also pro-
vides for inspection of scales once
every two years. The government
holds that this is not often enough
G. G. Neale, commissioner of weights
and measures, in statement outlined
seven reasons why the two depart
ments should not be combined. He
says that his department is con-
nected with the Railroad and Ware
house commission, inasmuch as all
laws pertaining to weighing and
measuring devices apply more or less
to this board.
The second reason is that the COM
bination would split the service,
which would result in an overlapping
of duties as part of the work would
remain under the Railroad and Ware
house commission. The third reason
is that the weights and measures in
spectors would have to report to both
commissions. Next he says that all
of the present employees are well
trained
The fifth reason is that the dairy
and food officials cannot inspect the
scales in an able manner as most of
them are experts in some other line
such as butter, cheese or cannery
products. He says that in states
where the weights and measures de-
partment has been made secondary
to another department, the work has
been secondary also. Now, he says,
the department is under the direct
supervision of the government which
opposes the combine.
Lewis A. Fischer, chief of the di-
vision of Weights and Measures of
the Bureau of Standards, in a letter
to Mr.. Neale said that he believed the
adjustment of the fee system would
be one of the best moves this state
could make; He pointed out more than
a dozen reasons why the government
wishes the state departments to be
maintained by appropriations rather
than fees. 49,. q.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1915-03-17

For years even before the; war
Frances birth rate has decreased TO
q point where It was exceeded by the
deaths Now with hundreds Of thou
sands Of her men most capable Of re-
producing their kind being killed,
the situation is recognized to have
been aggravated to degree where
only the most radical, unanimous and
exhaustive measures on the part, not
only of the French government, but
of the entire French people are going
to be necessary in order to insure
the continuity of the French race.
As yet the academy has suggested
no measure to the government except
the immediate revision Of all legisla-
tion on the subject The academy,
however, from the superficial glance
which 1t has already given to the
subject declares that the minimum
motto which France can adopt and
hope to prevent the gradual oblitera-
ton from the face of the earth Of the
French people is Three children
for every family" The condition en-
tailed by the war renders this an i'm
perative necessity. =s
The academy also has asked the
government to effect complete
change in the policy Of its laws on
this subject. Instead of enacting
measures with the end in view Of
forcing families to have children, it
is urged that the laws tend rather to
make it possible for parents to have
children by reducing for them the
economic burden of bringing them
up. szsS.. 81. s2.,
AS the laws now stand, it is as
serted that the larger mans family
is the more taxes, duties and other
contributions he is obliged to pay to
the state. The academy asks the re-
versal of this. - -...,.-s s
: 1t asks also the immediate revival
of an old law which was suppressed in
1885. 1t provided that every family
with seven children had the right
to have at least one of these brought
up at the expense of the state. The
academy insists that even larger APP
plication- of this law would be justi-
fable under the present conditions.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1915-03-17
parcel post, the reduction Of tariff,
the currency bill and other meritor-3
ious measures. w illmar Tribune.

! 4 tEt -
The June primary is about to be
changed TO September by the state
legislature This will mean azwhirl-
wind campaign instead of a listless,
long drawn out fight for places.
Really, the June primary gives the
voter longer chance to study the
and to thus vote more in
diligently. Yet again the campaign
might become irksome and lose in
terest from its length AS for the
drawing out of more voters and bet-.
ter time to vote, we doubt if more
voters will be out on election day
than if the primary and the elections
were a week apart. The man who
is going to vote is going to vote. and
vice versa Tower News.
Senator Moses E. Clapp squints
again at progressiveism and indicates
clearly that his candidacy for re-
election to the United States senate
will be based on desire to hold
onto the Republican Progressives.
and the Progressives, according to
a Washington telegram, which says
the indications are taken from let
ter addressed to the chairman of the
executive committee of the Progress
sive party. One sometimes wonders.
if all the things are true that have
been said and printed about Our
Moses" in a political way during the
past few years. He has been we'll
used at the hands of his Minnesota
Republican friends and they are
watching some of his movements with
something akin to wonder Brainerd
Dispatch. =
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1915-03-17
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r. X X X X X X X X X X x X X x X X
It can be fairly said that our pres
ident has worked industriously, pa
tiently and conscientiously; that his
accomplishments are many and great;
his plumbers few and inconsequen-
tial; and that at the beginning of the
second half Of this term Of Office he
enjoys in a high degree the respect
and confidence of his countrymen.
Fairmont Sentinel
b. ~. -
President Wilson and his advisors
have made the Democratic party one
of positive action instead Of one of
negation No congress ever accom-
plished so many things Of national
Importance in two years as did the.
one just ended. But for the filibus-s
ter Of the Republican minority gov
eminent owned merchant marine
would have been added to the Alas
kan railroad, the insome tax, the
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1915-03-17
NEW PUBLIC LIBRARY.

Open daily, except Sunday. to 6 D.
M, to p. m. Sunday, reading room
only, 8 to 6 p. m.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1915-03-17

FOR SALE-Typewriter ribbons for
every make of typewriter on the
market at so cents and rs cents
each. Every ribbon sold for 70
cents guaranteed. Phone orders
promptly filed. Mail orders given
the same careful attention as when
you appear in person. Phone 81.
The Bemidji Pioneer Office Supply
Store. n
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1915-03-17
WANTED.

WANTED - Wood saving done
promptly by North Bros. Call us
up. Phone LAT.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1915-03-17

WANTED-Second hand household
goods. M. E. Ibertson. -
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1915-03-17

the newe.. member of the Carter : Ink family.
Pencratt Ink whites blue and driie. ! iet black.
His especially brilliant. smooth and permanent.
Come in and let US show you the new Carer AZ
sbo:....> WISH the new ilow-controller.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-06
Nf1ITESIDE TO DECIDE AS
 TO PREFERENTIAL RATES

October 5.-(Special. 1.-The
 habama public service commission and ltorneys for the Louisville and Nash |lle. Alabama Great Southern and South
 In railroads have agreed to allow Chan fllor w. w. Whiteside at Gadsden de- Ermine the status of preferential rates Alabama The question arose as to the Esult of the filing of tariffs by the rail- bads increasing rates. on raw materials hIpped to furnaced in the Birmingham |strict These tariffs were to have be- bme effective on October 1. but an ill- Lnction VIA Issued by Chancellor Chap Ian of the southeastefn division re- Training the carriers from increasing the ktes. Chancellor Whiteside of the North kstern division will determine. according agreement, whether or not the rafl- bads have authority to establish these teferential rates without first receiving
 srmission from the commission.
 |The railroads claim the public service
 bmmission has no authority over prefer- htlai rates, which are lower rates ranted certain industries in connidera |on of the volume of business.. The eon'- Ilaoion. while 1t admits that 1t has no
 E1hority to force tho. carriers to gTaut .
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-06
ULTIMATUM REMAINS
 UNANSWERED BY BULGARIA

Athens, Sunday, October 3.-(Via Paris, October 6.-Delayed in trans- mission. )-The French troops landing from five transports at Saloniki, Greece, consist of 10000 men. They will proceed along the Guevgheli- Uskup railroad to guard the line.
 London, October 5.-Russia's ulti- matum to Bulgaria expired at 4 o'clock this afternoon, but up to a late hour tonight, so far as known in London, no answer had been received and nore was expected.
 It is taken for granted here that King Ferdinand and his ministers are committed definitely to the Germanic allies and, in return for territory to be ceded after the war--perhaps some ports, including Constantinople and all that remains of European Turkey has undertaken to assist actively in operations against Servia, thus hop
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-06
||G COMBINATION OF
 HEEL COMPANIES IS REPORTED PENDING.

New York, October 5--Negotiations for @e acquisition of the Pennsylvania Steel Zmpany and the Bethlehem Steel corpor- Hon, which, if successful, may lead to a Iill larger combination of steel com nies. were in progress today in this city. fhile it was learned that the deal was bt finally closed. it was stated on au- 3ority that there was Likelihood that ,nouncement to that effect would be ade soon.
 It also was learned that negotiations fe pending for the purchase of the con- ol of the Cambria Steel company and lat there is possibility of combina- bn of this company with the prospective ethlehem- Pennsylvania merger In fact ,cording to a high authority familiar ith the situation in the steel trade. there las never time since the formation of ke United States Steel corporation. II >ars ago, that so many deals. involving any millions of dollars, were under way,
 at present.
 Reorganization Contemplated Virtually every steel and iron company
 the country of any importance had zen approached, it was said, in the eff. krts of rival interests to organize larger Leaders in the steel trade bresee after the war a period of recon.
 tContinuea sn Page Te.-,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-06
LANSING CONFERS WITH VILLA AGENT
 REGARDING MEXICO

Washington, October 5.-Secretary Lansing today talked at length with Enrique c. Llorente General Villa s Washington representative. It was the second of the series of conferences through which the Secretary expects to obtain information on the Mexican situa- tion on which the action of the next meet ing of the Pan-American conferees shall be based. Llorente explained concessions the Villa faction is willing to make to restore peace in Mexico. No announce ments were made after the conference.
 MT. Lansing talked last night with Eliseo Arredondo. Washington represen- tative of General Carranza, and said to- day he probably would have another con- ference with him in a few days.
 For the Villa faction, Roque Gonzalez Garza, former president of the convention government; General Felipe Angeles, General Maytorena and General Raoul Madero, all in Washington except Gen eral Maytorena. who is expected tomor- row, also will be given an opportunity to present the case of those elements of the original constitutionalist party which have for the last year been combating Gen eral Carranza.
 Secretary Lansing received Thomas B. Hohler. British charge d'affaires at Mex leo City, who arrived today. John R. Silliman personal representative of Pres ident Wilson detailed with General Car ranza, will reach Washington Thursday and will be consulted by Secretary Lansing.
 It is considered probable that if the in- (Continued on Page Ten.S
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-06
LIFE IN TRENCHES
 IS DESCRIBED BY
 OFF|CER'SLETTER
Epistle Found on Dead Body of a German Officer. Battle Scenes Are
 Depicted

Paris, October 5.-This letter, dated Sep tember was found on the body of a German officer killed in Champagne:
 "One o'clock in the morning At it will have been P hours since without we have been frightfully bombarded-72 hours of endless. deafening uproar-which even the steadiest nerves can hardly endure.
 q was ordered into the trenches as an observer at a. m. Naturally, tele- phone lines were broken. I reached the position of the reserves without much trouble, their trenches being destroyed only here and there. but there the diffi- culties began. Mines and bombs were exploding at brief intervals. interspersed with bullets from machine guns. From that point on the trenches were so dam aged that we were obliged to crawl on all fours. I left my telephone operator and went ahead, amid uninterrupted crack lings the bursting of srenades. the ex- plosion of shells, the whistlihE of bullets, tho bowling of shell fragments and fogs of smoke.
 In the Trenches
 And there. holding my breath behind my respirator, I got to a point where a trench had been repaired g times The communication trench was completely leveled Creeping closer and closer to the ground, I arrived at the second trench.
 (Continued on Page Ten.)
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-06

ing to open the way to the Sea of Marmora for the Austro-German army.
 The entente powers, in this belief, have landed or are landing forces at Saloniki to protect the main railway through Servia and Greece and to give what assistance they can to the Bal kan. allies should they be attacked by Bulgaria. This infringement of Greek neutrality has brought forth a formal protest from the Greek gov ernment, but, in the words of one cor respondent, 1t lis being winked at by most of the people of Greece.
 Protest. in Chamber
 The oppcsitjdn in the Greek char,' Der has protested against the policy of Premier venizelos. which, 1t is claimed. is forcing Greece into an .un- necessary war. But the premier, now firmly fixed in the saddle and work ing in harmony with the King, per suaded the chamber to pass a vote of confidence after a stormy all night session.
 The next move devolves on Bulga-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-06

 ria and as soon she moves Anglo French troops being mobilized will be put in motion, while the fleets in the Black sea and the Aegean will issue their roles
 Meanwhile Russia, whose armies for five months have been retiring, has begun an energetic offensive along wide front from Riga to southeast of Wilma, and. according to reports, has met with considerable success. This is denied by Berlin, which says that all Russian attacks have been repulsed.
 "In the west the big guns again have undertaken the task of attempt ing to level the German entrench- ments. presumably in preparation for a continuation of the attacks which proved successful in Artois and Cham pagne. In some sectors there has been infantry fighting in which trench. or few yards of a trench changes hands this being particularly the case in the areas where the allies have made their gains and where the Ger mans are trying to win back lost ground.
 The British fleet, too. Is bombarding Germany's position on the coast of Belgium.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-06
RED FLEET MAY ATTEMPT ATTACK ON WASHINGTON Great Fleet Approaches Entrance to Chesapeake Bay to Form a
 Base

Washington. October 5.-Theoreti- cally the United States Is at war to- night. By some route unknown to Admiral Fletcher, commanding the de- lending navay force, great enemy fleet is approaching the entrance of Chesapeake bay with the purpose of establishing a base which, if effected, would open the way for an attack on the national capital
 Admiral Fletcher. however, is un- aware of the enemy's objective and knows only that he is operating some where off the Atlantic coast between Maine and Florida. The vessels of
 the defending force, which includes most of the battleships of the At lantic fleet, are stripped for action.
 Little will be known to the public about the war game until 1t is over, 10 days hence. A rigid censorship has been enforced by the navy department, all information except that contained in
 official bulletins being withheld for military reasons.
 report reached the navy depart
 ment today telling of an explosion aboard the destroyer Cummings, one of the "enemy" ships but officials de- clined to give out the news.
 Naval Yards Put on Alert
 Rear Admiral Benson. chief of op- erations. in accordance with plans worked out by the navy war college at Newport R. l., has notified the navy yards along the Atlantic coast to be prepared to repair immediately any ships putting back into port disabled. In theory many merchant vessels have
 been communicated by the govern ment, and are lying in port. loaded
 with supplies. ammunition and fuel. awaiting call from the warships to put to sea and replenish them.
 All along the coast. mine fields have been laid and submarines are lying in wait for the approaching enemy if they evade the fleet Not a branch of the service, except the aeroplane corps, has been overlooked by navy depart ment officials. in preparing to meet the attack
 Vice Admiral Mayo, commanding the attackers, has been given force theoretically superior in strength to that of Admiral Fletcher, each of his Cruisers. jdestroyers and other vessels representing powerful fighting units. Plans for another war game to be | held early next spring already are be- l ing prepared It is understood that these contemplate more elaborate ma lneuvers than any yet held, extending l from Maine to the Panama canal. A, that time, it is expected, the entire na- tval force of the United States wio bs
 ayat1ableA 7
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-06

preferential rate, contends that once tho rate has been granted, 1t cannot be in creased without it's permission.
 In discussing the question, Samuel F. Kenndy, president of the public service commission, made the follow- ing statement:
 There seems to be an erronous idea prevalent in that there is a fight on between the state and certain rail- roads relative to preferential raw ma terial rates that the carriers attempted to withdraw without the consent of the commission.
 "The facts in the case are as fol- lows: The various railroads of their own volition as prescribed by law. put in theBe preferential raw material rates and were of the opinion, and are still of the opinion, that they had |a legal right to withdraw such rates without the sanction of the commis- sion. The commission, to protect what 1t believes to be it's authority. has sought on Injunction 30 as to settle the question of Jurisdiction over these preferential. rates.
 In other words. the question is one which both; the commission and the carriers beljeve should be legally de- tofu1tued.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-06

Representatives of the opposition rnals in the press gallery arose and tempted to file out in protest. They Ire prevented from leaving by a Pwd which massed behind the press kes, and were compelled to stand fre. the target of misses and catcalls I'm the crowded galleries and the pr of the chamber.
 Premier Venizelos won a triumph {withstanding the most determined lacks of the opposition which pro- ted in the name of Tellenism" hinst the occupation of Greek soil foreign troops. The premier did hesitate to accept the challenge. gave a frank exposition of the at Ilde of the government, after which invited fullest discussion of the for In policy.
 fSome time has passed since the en- 3e powers have made requests of 3eece," he said. To-day they ask {yia, Greec's ally, succor in the
 
 Huire Greece herself under her al Ince to give Servia help. IGreat nations may with impunity lat treaties as scraps of paper. For Ialler countries, such policy would suicidal"
 The widest disorder broke out. The fmier succeeded in dominating the |uation, his voice rising above the mult, and the slang of the bell. He 1ed. es+ ssss ls ss4sk ~ tE- i34:sls I've have a treaty with Servia. If are honest we will leave nothing un- }ne to insure its fulfillment in letter |d in spirit. Only # we are rogues lll We find excuse st oabrogate our 
 |The chamber then took q recess. Athens. Thursday. September 30.-(Vif Pme, October ,. Via Paris, Delayed 1T ansmission.) )-Greece is able to put 1S0 men, fully equipped. in the field. Al