davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-03-31
ITALY FEARS ISOLATION.
Ready for Conflict. but Has Strong
Reasons for Caution.

ROME, March 3l.-There can be
little doubt, now that the war has
lasted eight months. that the majority
OF Italians, having daily thought over
the matter, are DESTROYS Of keeping
out of the conflict provided Italv's in
terests are not menaeed and her as
plTations are attainable without fight.
ing.
Foreigners unacquainted with Ital1
can scarcely make sufficient allowances
for the enormous difficulties of the
country, which mast necessarily make
Italian statesmen cautious, especially
Il view Of the danger of isolation. il
IS true thar NEST Italians detest the
Austrians, but it is also unfortunately
true that many Italians dislike the
French, while many more. who are moi
by any means Germanophile, have :
feeling akin to awe for the Germans
| This is due to their admiration oil
German organization, for one usually
admires in others those qualities whicl
| are not ones own strong point, an,
talented and versatile as is the Ital
| ian race, no Italian would claim or
| ganization rs its most conspicuous
| gift.
1t is, however, pretty generally real
lied here that Germany and Austri;
Will not forgive the declaration @
Italian neutrality Indeed, the 81
! lence Of the Niennese press en- tina
point is OMNIBUS. Meanwhile, all tina
can be definitely stated is that Ital,
| Is ready for war.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-03-31
The Reality of War.

Mr.. McGovern. u heavy weight gem
tleman of London s East End, who had
never been known to work, but who
nevertheless has added 70 the popula-
ton Of the earth in figures up to 10,
suddenly became heroic and enlisted.
The following dialogue took place be
tween Mrs McGovern and q lady, Mrs.
McGovern being happy and complaeeH1
in the receipt Of her 2Ts. Cd. from tho
war Office:
Mrs. McGovcra-Goodm morning, miss.
I.ady-Good morning, Mrs. Mccoy
ern. l hear that Mr.. McGovem has
gone to the war
Mrs McGovern (cheerfully)-Yes
miss.
Lady-Wen, Mrs. McCovern. what
do you think OF this terrible war!
Mrs McGovern-Good God. lady! !:
hope it win last forcver,-Judge.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-03-31
Maine Bill Favorably Repo.:ed

AUGUSTA. Me. March 81. - y new
draft of the aer 10 reorgaaize ana
consolidate the several railroads con
shutting the Boston & Maine system
was favorahly reported in the Senate
today, passed under suspension Of the
rules and sent 10 the Hoasr TIL,
new draft contains minor amend
ments which were suggested bv TN,
public utilities IN commission. bat In
substance is virtually the same n.
that drawn II conference OF III,
public service commissioners Of Aassa
ehusetts and New Hampshire and tn,
public utilities commission eT tEi
state
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-03-31
NAVAL MEN CONFER.
American Cruiser in Hampton Roads
to Enforce Neutrality.


NORFOLK. Va. March 81. - En-
forcement of American neutrality in
Hampton Roads was the subject of a
protracted conference at the navy ward
late yesterday after the arrival OF the
hattleship Alabama. which took com
handing position in the channel to the
sea. officials later refused to make
any statement.
Participating in the conference We're
Rear-Admiral Beatty, commandment Of
the Norfolk navy-yurd; Rear-A dmiral
Helm, commander Of the reserve AT
lantic fleet, who arrived on the Ala
bama. and Norman X. Hamilton, col
lector Of customs.
Meanwhile Commander Max THE
richens Of the German converted cruis-
er Prinz Eitel Friedrich, still III dock
at Newport News, was closeted with
customs officials in the Newport News
Office. The time allowed the cruiser
to stay in port Is believed TO be al
most up.
1t was learned yesterday that the
Alabama went to Hampton Roads pri
marily to guard against any breach OF
neutrality in the event OF clash be
tween the German man-of-war and g
fleet of allied warships Oft the Virginia
capes.
Reports that allied warships had ven
tured within the three-mile limit anC
that merchant ships had furnished then
with supplies have been circulated a
Newport News for several days. Col
lector Hamilton said last night that in
vestigation showed that one steame
had brought coal from aboard which
. she delivered to q British warshlp.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-03-31

Spinster-How many Masonic lodges
did YOU say your husband belonged to +!
Wife-Fifteen.
Spinater-My goodness. just think
of j man being ont ; nights week.
| III glad | m al OH maid -1Fhiladei
phia Ledger,
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-03-31
JEALOUSY THE MOTIVE.
Wife Shot Husband to Save Him from
Women Admirers.

BLAKFLY. Ca. March 31.-Dr. T.
Z. sheffield. physician at Cedar
Springs. was shot and instantly killed
bv his wife 1t noon yesterday. Jeal-
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-03-31

TO RENT-Furnishe front room
with bath, 21S Main street. Telephone
aq5-N. 20-tf
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-03-31

TO RENT-Modern house of 10 rooms,
electric lights. IA High Lawn Road. Tel.
.6JS-M 27-tf
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-03-31

TO RENT-Modern tenements. Price
right Inquire SO Prospect St, or Tel.
G49NN 22-tf
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-03-31

TO RENT-Upstairs tenement. In
quire of A. F. Rohde, II Organ st.
12-tf
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-03-31

TO RENT-Good tenements in cen
ter of village. w. G.. Doolittle. 7-tf
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-03-31

TO LET-Rooms and offices, steam
heated. in JTlIerv building. 207-tf
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-03-31

TO RENT-Tenements. Edgett & Co.
2-tf
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-03-31

TO RENT-Six-room fat, Horton
Place w. II. Fletcher. 25-tf
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1915-03-31
CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENT
cents line first Insertion IL subsequent
Advance. Minimum Charge, 20
To Rent

To Rent
TO RENT-Tenements. Edgett & Co.
2-tf
TO RENT-six-room fat, Horton
Place. w. II. Fletcher. 25-tf
TO LET-Rooms and Offices, steam
heated, in Ullery building. 207-tf
TO RENT-Good tenements in cen
ter of village. W. G. Doolittle. 7-tf
TO RFNT-Upstairs tenement. In
quire of A. F. Rohde, II Organ st.
12-tf
TO RENT-NIodern tenements. Price
right Inquire SO Prospect St, or Tel.
G49-W. 22-tt
TO RENT-Furnishe front room
with bath, 21S Main street. Telephone
3q5-M. 20-tf
TO RENT-Modern house of 10 rooms
electric lights IA High Lawn Road. Tel.
| 6JS-M. pitt
TO RENT - Five-room tenement,
gas, electric lights and bath. Inquire
at Beech st. loft
TO RENT-Room with modern con
veniences. Mrs. f. E. Flagg, The Alb
Ibott, Canal st. 23-tt
! TO RENT-SiX-room tenement at 10
Brennan St All modern improvements
II. b. Haus, admr. lott
TO RENT-Tenemen on car line
| West Brattleboro. Mrs. II. F. Wealth
rrhpad. Tel. 269-W. 25-t1
/ TO RENT--Furnished rooms with bath
electric light, furnace heat, use OF tele
phone. 30 Green st. 1t
TO RENT-Vcry pleasant suite o
rooms. with bath, furnished or uufur
nished. Apply at y Linden st. lS-t
TO RENT-S-room house with bath
= hot and cold water, electric lights an,
steam heat. J. Edgar Mellen, agent
266-t
PLUMBING and repairing done a
: very reasonable prices. W. }. Fenton
I1-1 Elliot street Town Tel. 42I-M.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-17

found there which weighs more than five Crosse Is done by dredging, but not very successfully Dredges are also employed in Minas Gerae es
 Mining for diamonds in South Africa is done on grand scale. The fields are owned by the diamond syndicate and the whole Is in the hands of great trust which hires the labor and fixes the prices There no one can mine for diamonds with out the consent of the trust and the gov ernment, and he cannot even buy or sell diamonds without government permission. In Brazil any one can get license to mine diamonds, and the diamond fields arc full of prospectors and small groups of men who have joined together to search for the precious stones. The work is done much like placer washing in the United States and all the tools necessary can be carried on a mule Much of the work ds done In the streams, the miners div ing down from boats. taking with them canvas bags held open by iron rings. Each miner fills his bag with the gravel and then rises to the boat where he empties it. After sufficient amount of gravel has been secured it is carried to the shore and the diamonds sorted out Where the men have enough capital they sometimes dam the streams and turn the water so that the dry bed can be looked over
 The miners work only in the dry sea- son. They go over the gravel again and again Even the sand Is sifted and sorted and at the close women go through the refuse and pick out the stones that may have been missed. If there are pieces of conglomerate they are broken up and ex- plosives are used to get out the boulders blocking the stream. The diamonds are often found in pockets about or under such boulders.
 The finest diamond ever discovered In Brazil Is known as the star of the south" It weighed in the rough 255 carats and 125 carats when cut The next was the Dresden green diamond. which weighed 1l9la karats, and another was the star of Minas, which weighed 175 carats. Dr. Derby thinks that these three diamonds were of the same original form. Each was a combination of curved faces consisting of dome rising from a plane surface. They were all found in Minas, on or near the River Bagagem. In 1906 stone of GOO carats was dis covered not far from that river but one of the miners tried to test it on anvil with a sledge hammer and crushed it. The largest piece contained an eight carat stone.
 The Brazilian diamonds are of va rious colors and they are said to be 90 per cent better on the average than those
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-17

burd. and he cum to the watur with broken wing although fully of tall grass moved down like Internasionel harvester demmonstratur had been it. by the shot and shell intended for that pore little burd Sed reed burd about the size of full grown New Jersey muskeetur and was probabully waiting for the muther burd of his relasions bring him his breakfast when he surprized by us hunters and fell into our capasous game bag.
 Later flushed quite bunch of reed burds; they hummed away ovver the marshes like drove of nats-my enthewsastic companions unoaded and waded aftur them; did I. Finally saw something swaying bunch of grass sum distanse away and taking careful aim fired; aftur considerabull diff ficulty and prolonged hunt discovered that had brought to early and unproffitabull end ema slated grasshopper who had probabully ouved his usefulness enny way.
 Theere five of us in that party and fingered theer weer four hundred and fifty doers wurth of guns and ammunison, two hundred dollers wurth of boat and hundred dollers wurth of guvvermint time spent little reed burds wurth three sents each on the open market If reel hungry
 figger that two dozen reed trds and portur house
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-17

to get the meteorite to the railroad, and it was finally brought here to Rio de Janeiro in 1888. The meteorite was carried over a wild country and across a range of mountains which was 34O0 feet high.
 I asked Dr. Derby whether diamond pipes, such as exist in South Africa would ever be found in Brazil. He would not prophecy. There is no doubt, how ever, that diamonds are still being found in this country. and no one knows whether diamond pipes may not yet be discov- cred. Until the opening up of the mines of South Africa most diamonds were found in the gravel of streams This was the case with the diamonds of Brazil. They were known to exist almost 200 years ago and were used as counters by the gold miners before their value was known. As far back as 1732 no less than 5000 men were sea rching for diamonds in the state of Minas, and during the fol- lowing century Brazil exported precious stones to the value of SIS, ,000, ,000.
 During the eighteenth century the stones were sold in parcels by contract under government regulations. and the average price was only about 8 per carat MUCH or lne WOfk was uOne Dy SlaVeS, and any slave that found a gem of IS carats got his freedom. Up to 1850 more than 20,000 carats of diamonds were taken out of two rivers, while from the River Cuyaba more than 100000 carats had b cen taken up to that date. Until 1871 Brazil held the first place in the world in the production of diamonds.
 The first diamonds were discovered in the state of Minas Geraes, in country which Is about 300 miles north of Rio de Janefro. So many were found that the country was becoming known as Diaman- tina, and it is still identified with the dia industry. Some of the fields are situated 250 miles from the seacoast and one can go to within several days mule ride of them by railway The country has an elevation of from $500 to 5700 feet above the sea. Much of the diamond country Is made up of ravines and the gems are found in a sort of blue clay deposit in beds a few feet in thickness The diamond pipes of Africa consist of blue clay.
 There are also diamond fields in central Bahia and many are found In the streams. Some of the gravels are In swampy districts, buried from 20 to 90 feet under water and mud, and some lie in streams on the bedrock below the gravel There are. also diamond fields in Matto Crosse that vast province of central Brazil, but so far none has been
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-17

them line up covvey of quale? How exsit- ing all this is-to see the intelligent animal, his boddy tense and his keen nostrels expanded. site tremmor at the end of his riggd tail; you feel thrill chasing itself up your vertebra you grasp your trusted doublebarreled blunderbuss and pre- pare to nook down couple of the buties the wing only to find that your faithful burd dog. with pedd gree longer than the Union Pasiffc railroad, has pointed gofur. It Is remarkabull to that when the hunting and fishing approach that have always had aversion for wurk that bordered onto
 positive dislike. want to get out into the Octobur woods and get pinched for hunting sum plain cit izen's land without permit
 It can be immagined therefore, that cooped up I am in a ctty with amusemints but the clubs, heeatres moovies and the only burds to be air the chickens street. that when opportunity to go gunning in the country that would grab it like lame duck hooks onto nomminasion for offise.
 frend of mine resenty having herd me express my fondness for shooting invited me to go with him and party of trends to shoot reed burds he sed it grate sport and the seesun which had just cum
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-17

wide. It is in this region that the cleo tric furnace is operating and it is here that the enormous beds which I have referred to are found The iron forma- tion varies in thickness. In places 1t measures less than 50 feet and in others it is said to be more than 4000 feet thick. The ore seems to be true sedimentary formation laid down at the same time as the inclosing rocks, and the rocks and ore have the same dip. Some of the ore layers form the tops of hills or ridKes and there are great cliffs of ore to be seen along the hillsides.
 During my stay here I nave nad a chat with pr. Orville T. Derby, who is at the head of the geological survey of Brazil, and who has been for many years the chief geologist of the country. Dr. Derby is a North American. He was born in the United States and received his education at Cornell university. It was away back in 1870, 45 years ago. that he first came here with one of his pro- fessors in connection with the Morgan exploration expedition, sent out from the United States to do geological work in Brazil He returned to complete his col lege course, after which he became pro- lessor of geology at Cornell. He had served but short while when the Elm peror of Brazil engaged him to come to Rio and take charge of the min eralogy department of the National Mu- scum. He held this office for some years and then left to make a geological sur vey of the state of Sac Paulo. Since then he has done other geological work all over Brazil, having been continually employed in that pursuit up to the pres ent. Dr. Derby for long time has been at the head of the national geological survey of this country and he still holds that position.
 One of my first questions to Dr. Derby was as to the future of Brazil He re- piled that he was not a prophet nor the son of a prophet, and went on to speak of the mineral resources of the coun- try, saying:
 "One of the great assets of Brazil Is it's iron. The country has enormous quantities of this metal and 1t will eventually supply large part of the iron used by the world. This fact is known to the iron and steel companies of other countries, and a syndicate was recently formed made up of Englishmen and Americans to buy certain parts of the iron beds and develop them This syndicate had bona fide capital of E250 .0o0 sterling. or SIPS, .O00 and I have nQ doubt but that when matters
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-17
1 llJ'

<A
 southerner who has spent the
 past 12 years as resident of this city, was somewhat sur |prised by this question: Well. now that |you have lived here long enough to be a |voter in New York city-tell me-have lyou not learned wherein our own people, Ithe southerners, fall into grievous errors |here and there?''
 And come to think of 1t, we do-we do. |But let's retrace the trail of sections of |that conversation in the effort to discover Ia preventive or so. To begin with, we |shall assume that we are thrown with those who may possibly be described as |the middle classes. New York's standard |seems to be money. so middle classes'' means the none too wealthy, and under that broad caption we may list millions lin this city.
 All right-we arrive, inevitably over |of boise that are the first sensations Experienced by the stranger in New York, land then the reaction sets in and sends |us too far in the opposite direction. We |discover a few things-that the southerner |is not disliked here. and that he is ac- |corded treatment that is, at the very |least, quite on par with that given the native Too often we are inclined to take advantage of that. We inhate after a fashion that is easily perceptible to every lone but ourselves. Ego says They like |you--youre in right" And beneath this |there Is a subconscious thought floating around which. if put into words. would |be, Use it-use this knowledge for all N is worth."
 8.And so.s feeling that the opening wedge |fa steadied for the drive. we begin to |ewing heavily upon it, and often discover when too late that we have driven 1t deep Unto the log of disaster. However. let |us abandon the metaphorica1 trenches |and charge against the steely points of cold facts with the sword of plain state |msnt; r
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-17

in promised be of the finest for menny yeers. This carried back to old Alabama days, when ev-. very n Octobur, according to rumor, promises be the best-moor burds and game than evvery be- fore; but fell for it and asked my frend what reed burd was. I had newer shot reed burds and knew nuthng of the proseedure Twas told that reed burds inhabited the local marshes in large numbers and verry fine sport and delisons tabul dellicasy
 had sum misgivvings about this reed burd biz ness however, when I told to rubber boots and that weer going in a boat. l have dun sum plain and fansy burd shooting in my day, but newer in boat-exsept for ducks. But followed directsions and theere time with dinky little pump gun and pair of rubber boots reddy to sloughtur sed reed burds by the holesae.
 I desire to say heer and that shooten reed burds practised by the sportsmen in the District of Columber may be alrite, but am not strong for it. Afur padding round through grass and shuvying the boat smaller phases, getting hooked up stumps and logs and all fussed up with mud and watur we flushed reed burd, which was hooked down in fine style by my frend or sum of the party About tun of ammunision was fired at that reed
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-10-17

become quiet once more its operations will be continued At present the situa- tion is such that no great undertaking can be entered into, and there have been troubles in connection with the conces- sions here in Brazil that will have to be settled before the syndicate will proceed with its work. I doubt not that thesore beds will eventually be developed and that they will result in great indus try.'
 Where is this field of iron. Dr. Derby?' I asked
 ''It Is scattered over considerable territory" was the reply. 'It lies in Minas Geraes. The eastern end of 1t is about 270 miles from the sea coast, and 1t Is so situated that the way to the ocean is almost all down grade. Some of the beds farther back in the country will have to be hauled to the top of the ridge and then go on down to the sea"
 Gan you give me some idea of the extent of the deposits s?"
 'I can only say that they are enor- nous. recently estimated them at 1000 900 tons but in this I included only the high grade ore that could be used for the manufacture Of steel. That ore is equal to the best of our Lake Superior regions and of higher grade than a great part of it.. Some of the geologists of the United States, including professors of the University of Wiscon- sin at Madison. have stated that my estimate was conservative one. Wis consin professors. you know, have had much to do with Investigating the Lake Superior fields'
 $
 Gan you tell me something about the owners of the fieldsT'
 Some of them are American capital ists who sent their experts down here to examine the territory after my state ment as to the extent of the ore and its value. It was upon the advice of the ex- perts that they bought large tracts of ore bearing property from the original owners. These men include such well known persons as James J. Hill and others. There are also German and Eng fish capitalists who have bought tracts of ore lands. Some of the sync,cate are men interested in shipping. The propo- sition is to a large extent a traffic one, for the ore will be carried down to the sea and shipped to the smeiters of the United States and Europe"
 Could it not be smelted in Brazil?' I asked.
 ''So far we have not, discovered coal fit for smelting in such quantities as