davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-11
lCONOCRAPHN OF
MANHATTAN ISLAND

Subscriptions are invited BY Mr.. Rob
ert ii. Dodd. successor to the arm OF
Dodd h Livingston. for The l~conography
OF Manhattan Island" by I. n. Phelps
Stokes. tire FIRST two volumes OF which
are now being printed.
This work Is q comprehensive history
Of the Island OF Manhattan and OF the
city OF New York. based upon q study
OF the available manuscript n printed
records. IT IL illustrated by over three
hundred and Hfty reproductions Of tho
rarest and most interesting paintings.
dra wings, prints. maps and documents
in the public and private collections Of
America md Europe. relating to the
history and development of the island
from the earliest times down to tho
Hudson-Fulton celebration. 149S-1s0s.
Many Of these are reproduced and de-
scrihed here for the nrst time.
In this survey the physical and topo-
graphical aspects Of the city's history
are especially emphasized.
Researches extending over a period
Of six years have been made in govern
ment archives, libraries and public and
private collections. and much original
material has been obtained abroad as
we'll as IN this country. particularly IN
relation TO tho p~re-Hudsonian explora-
tions in the immediate vicinity OF Man
haitian Island and to the period OF the
lslanus Hrst eettiement anu early DE-
velopment.
In the preparation OF the 1c~onography
the author has had tho advice and as
sistance of Victor Hugo Paltsits, lately
New York State historian and Mt present
keeper OF manuscripts In the New York
Public Library. who spent nearly three
years in special Investigations for this
work. to which ne has contributed the
photography and the greater part of
the historical material relating to the
Dutch period, Tn the difficult and almost
UNEMPLOYED field OF early cartography
relating to the neighborhood OF Man
Island the author has had the
cooperation OF Or. f. c. Wieder. assist
ant librarian OF the University OF
Amsterdam. who has prosecuted re-
In the principal collections OF
Europe n has made many discoveries
of Importance and interest, which are
hero fully described. In this field, as
we'll as In connection with the plate
descriptions. ne IL indebted also to Henry
N. Stevens OF London, and to NJ, Henri
Trope OF Paris. In connection with the
early Dutch grant and the topography |
generally the author Is under obliga-
tlon for very active help to Miss j. v.
Mccarthy and Clinton II. Mccarthy.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-11

counting Fredertok II. Baush. IF, II.
Baugh. BALTIMORE
Margaret Ives Ell Barber Orchard
q, BADGER -
"Gorham's Gold Elhee heesing
Orchard q. Badger.p
"Clouded Aanber.' Patience Warren
(Richard q, Badger.)
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
The Making of q Word.

Few new words can have been
brought into the world with so much
formality as telegram" which, like
many other words, was coined in Amer
lea. On April 81. 1852, the Daily Amer
lean Telegraph published an editorial
note: Telegraph means to write from
a distance; telegram, the writing itself
executed from a distance; monogram,
logogram, ETC.. are words formed upon
the same analogy and in good accepta-
ton. Hence telegram is the appro-
pirate heading of telegraphic dis
patch. Well, Wen go itp' When the
word crossed the Atlantic and the
Times displaced the heading "News by
Electric Telegraph" for kilograms"
q heated discussion arose as to its adj
instability This reached such a pitch
that pamphlet was published entitled
'oThe Telegraph and Telephone Con-
troversy. Mirror.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
A Painters Troubles,

The desire of the Bank Of England
officials to discover forgers has some
times led to curious mistakes. On one
occasion the painter, George Morland.
in his eagerness to avoid his duns.
retired to an obscure hiding place in
Hackney, where his anxious looks and
secluded manner Of life induced some
Of his neighbors to believe him a for
ger Of notes then in existence. The
directors. on being Informed, dispatch
ed some dexterous detectives to the
residence. but Morland's suspicious
were aroused by their movements In
front Of the house and, thinking them
bailiffs. escaped from the back to Lon
don. Mrs. Morland Informed the WIS.,
itors Of her husbands name and show
ed them some unfinished pictures. The
facts were reported to the directors,
who presented Morland with two TWEEN
ty-pound notes by way of compensa-
ton for the alarm.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
k.i. BOARDING. Rouah Attfr,.

James keir Hardie. the British Ia
Dor leader, never relinquished his
working class garb. and many were
the occasions when his rough attire led
to mistakes on the part Of others. One
story Is that Keir Hardie. then many
years an II. p. WIS challenged by a
policeman outside the house Of COM
mons. The officer asked Mr.. Hardie IL
he was working there. Yes" On
the roof?' (which was undergoing re
pair. NO" answered the leader Of
the Independent Labor party. ION the
floor" Another time a landlady re-
fused to let him have rooms until he
gave references. He looked too rough.
The good woman was astonished when
Mr. Hardie named II number Of the
most prominent men in parliament.
He was arrested in Belgium once on
suspicion OF being in collision with a
notorious anarchist whom the police
had detained. The Belgian police new
er could understand why a British NJ.
z. was not deliberately attired.-Phila-
delphia Ledger.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
The Jellyhsh.

The bay of Naples abounds in me-
dusae. or jellyfish. often growing as
large as two feet in diameter and
weighing fifty and sixty pounds. Some
Of them shine at night with green
ish light and are known as noctiluca
might lanterns) by the natives. The
jellyfish sometimes make migrations
In great groups. sometimes SO large
and so thick as to impede the naviga-
ton Of vessels. like the floating plants
In the Sargasso sea Of the tropics.
These shoals Of medusae. as they are
called, may be so dense that a piece
Of timber plunged In among them will
be held upright as If stuck In the
mud. and ordinary rowboats cannot
force their way through them. Their
migrations have never been explained
They are irregular and occur at no
particular season Of the year and un-
der no particular influences.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
Puzzle of the Arctic Tern.

Ornithologists have finally awarded
frst place as migrator to the arctic
tern Recent investigations have proved
beyond ali question that this bird Of
mystery makes flight every year to-
falling 1900 miles. 1t Is on the wing
literally twenty weeks out Of the fifty
two, with daily average fight of ap-
proximately $50 miles. When It 10
winter In the northern hemisphere the
tern is feeding at the edge of the ant
arctic circle, far south of Cape Horn.
When spring banishes winter 1t re-
turns to the arctic, 1000 miles away
from its winter quarters, to build its
nest in the arctic regions. Almost
with mathematical precision the tern
arrives in the north every year on
June 15 and on Aug. 25 begins its long
southern fight Curiously enough, re-
ports Of the birds seen en- route are
exceedingly rare. One or two have
been seen In the last three or four
years along the Long Island shore, but
beyond this clew to the course they
pursue nothing at all is known Of the
route they follow.-Philadelph Rec
ord
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
Eoho Of 2aIInd-


An echo Is a sound reflected from q
distant surface. Sound Is produced by
waves or pulses OF the air. and when
those waves come In contact with q
cliff or wall or other opposing surface
they are reflected like light or heat,
and the returning waves cause a repe-
tition Of the sound The word echo Is
Of Greek origin. According to ancient
mythology, 1t was the name of a noun
tain nymph, daughter Of the air and
the earth. Echo was one of Juno's at
tendants, but her loquacity displeased
Jupiter. so she was deprived Of the
power Of speech by Juno and permitted
to answer only when she was spoken
to. Afterward Echo fell in love with
beautiful youth named Narcissus and
was changed into a stone, which still
retained the power of voice. Milton
personifies her thus:
Sweet Echo. sweetest nymph. that liv'st
unseen
Within thy airy shell.
By slow Meander's margent green,
Canst thou not tell me of a gentle pair
That nkest thy Narcissus are?
Philadelphia Press.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
The Arch.

The consensus of opinion among the
learned is to the effect that the arch
was invented by the Romans. Some
claim that Archimedes of Sicily was
the inventor. while there are others
who would make 1t to be of Etrurian
origin. but there can be no doubt about
the fact that the Romans were the first
to apply the principle to architecture.
The earliest instance Of its use is In the
case Of the Cloaca Maxima, or greatest
sewer, of Rome. built about 5SS B. c.
by the first of the Tarquin line of kings.
a work which is regarded by the his
torians as being one OF the most stu
pendOus monuments of antiquity. Built
entirely without cement, it Is still doing
duty after a service Of almost twenty.
five centuries.-New York American.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
GeoqraphicaI Forenames.

The name "Dardanelles." which one
girl baby bears. is more musical than
some geographical names with which
children are burdened. Mrs. Andrew
Lang tells of family where the ba-
lies were named after the places
where the father happened to be when
he heard Of their births. He being a
courier. there were a st. Petersburg
and q Naples. Kattegat and Skagerrak
were the twins. while the only daugh-
ter was named Vienna.
Another curious geographical name
is recorded in the Souvenirs du Che
Waller de Cussy." In 1920. when at
tached to the French embassy at Ber-
lin, he met Il Countess Bernstorff. who
had been christened America because
she was born there during the war of
independence. her father at that time
being in command of a Hessian regi-
ment.-Pall Mall Gazette.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
The Oldest Death Sentence.

The oldest death sentence extant is
found in the Amherst papyri contain
Ing the trials of state criminals In
Egypt, about 1900 B. C. The criminal
In this case was found guilty of magic,
which his judges state was worthy
OF death. which he carried out. and be
killed himself" apparently by stab
bling, as in the japanese harakiri,
which is also of very ancient origin.
Among less civilized peoples drown
Ing would seem to have been the ear
Hest method of legal punishment. for
about $50 b. c. the Britons killed their
criminals by throwing them into a
quagmire. OF other than capital pun
ishments the oldest recorded comes
from Chaldea. where it was enacted
some, 5000 years ago that when any
one manned a slave the hand that
thus offended should pay him each day
a measure of corn"
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
How TO SIaY a Grudae.

Il forgave you once. and | won't for
give you again." This Is what we
heard one brother say to another who
had unwittingly broken his chisel for
the second time. He would not listen
to an explanation. You shall not use
another of my TOOLS" he continued.
The next day he wanted to borrow a
book from that brother. But before
he asked for it he remembered he had
said he would not lend his tools any
more. He said to himself: well, I
don't care If l did. He owes me
something for breaking the tool. so |
will just ask for the book" And he
did. Certainly you can have it and
keep 1t as long as you want It" replied
the brother without one bit Of grudge
In his heart. The effect was good, for
the very next day he asked his brother
to go with him into the tool room, and
there he said. You can use any of
them If you wish. only please be care
ful not to break them" The grudge
had OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES Herald.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
Stumbled His Old Friends.

In the old days a miner who had
toiled and suffered in the Klondike
and then struck 1t rich returned to
Puget sound after two years Of isola-
ton In the far north. He sought out
restaurant Bring me S. worth of
BEANS" he told the waiter. Remark
ing to himself that this fellow certain
ly must be fond Of beans. the amazed
waiter complied. heaping up the table
around the diner with a veritable
mountain Of baked beans. Now"
said the Klondiker. take that stuff
away and bring me something to eat
1t has cost me So, but | just wanted
to show those blank beans that don't
have to eat any more of 'em, now that
I'm in white mans land again. Ia
coma Ledger
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
Unearned Gratitude.

A sample of the late DR.. William
Everett's caustic repartee:
81 always experience a sense Of deep
obligation TO you whenever l meet you
or hear of you" said George Babbitt
to DR. Everett one morning when they
found themselves pacing the deck of
an ocean steamer together.
why 500" piped the doctor.
Because" said Mr.. Rabbit, Il re-
call that | was once so fortunate as to
win the Boylston prize for oratory at
Harvard and you were chairman of
the board of judges"
81 remember it perfectly WELL" re-
Joined the brusque doctor. 1.-The judges
were five in number. At the conclu-
sion of the speaking We retired to con-
slider the merits of the contestants. 1t
was moved that you be awarded a
first prize. On that motion the vote
was 3 to 2 In your favor / was one
Of the two."-Boston Transcript.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
They Paid the Price.

The corporation of the city Of Glas
gov wanted to purchase the Whistler
portrait of Carlyle and in due course
waited on the master OF the gentle ART
Of making enemies about the price
Q.OOO guineasD. They admitted it was
a magnificent picture. but do you moi
think. Mr.. Whistler. the sum a wee
wee bit excessively"
Didn't you know the price before
you came to me?" asked the master
with suspicious blandness.
lob. aye, we knew THAR replied the
corporation.
"Very we'll, then" said Mr.. Whistler
In his suavest tones. Tets talk OF
something else" And as there was
nothing else of interest to detain the
corporation" they paid the price and
made an excellent bargain.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
An Eye For His CoIors,

Haiti appears to breed spirit Of SEN
sitive patriotism unknown In other
countries. Some years ago a general In
the Haitian army ordered an artificial
eye. The maker did his best to execute
the order satisfactorily. but the eye
was returned from Port au Prince
with letter complaining that 1.-The eye
you forwarded me Is of tint that re.
sembles the Spanish flag. | am far toe
patriotic to wear any colors but those
Of my own country" After ascertain
ing from the ministry of marine the
colors of the Haitian standard a scar.
let and green eye was dispatched, and
this met with enthusiastic approval
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27

N. B. Jones, magazines, cigars, to-
bacco and news stand, 24s E. 35th St.
N. G. Chalmers, cigars, tobacco, no.
ton store and news stand, 5O12 s.
State street.
L. E. Chiffon, news stand, 8. E. cor
ner 51st and State streets.
S. Berenbaum, Cigars, Notions and
News Stand; 81 W. 81 Street, nea,
Dearborn.
E. H. Faulkner, news agency; 31O9 s.
State street.
George 1 Martin, maker of fine Gig
ars and news stand, Is W. 31st St.,
near State.
R. M. Harvey's barber shop and
news stand, 1924 State street.
W. N. Maxwell, notions, cigars, to-
bacco, CONNECTIONS and news stand,
5244 State st.
Edward Felix, notions, cigars and
news stand, SO W. 30th st.
F. Bishop, cigars, tobacco and news
stand, W. 9th St., near State.
Sylvester McGlofin, news stand and
laundry Office, 4122 State st.
William Gaughan, laundry office
cigars, tobacco and news stand, 1886
State St.
E. M. Oliver, notions, cigars and
news stand, Is W. seth Street, near
State.
A. D. Hayes, cigars, tobacco, notions,
stationery and news stand, 3640 s.
State st.
George McFaro, shoe shining parlors
and news stand. 3S0O1a State street.
T. B. Hall, Laundry office, cigars,
tobacco and news stand. 361S South
State street.
Fred NJ. Waterheld, cigars, tobacco,
notions and news stand, 5000 South
State street.
Coleman 8 Glanton, cigars, tobacco
and news stand, 3342 8. State street.
Miss E. NJ. McClain, hair dressing
parlor and news stand. 30 w. 39th
street.
F. NJ. Diffay, cigars, tobacco, notions
and news stand. 36O5 State street.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
Ramesas 4.

Rameses |. was the first king Of the
nineteenth dynasty in Egypt and ruled
for brief period about B. G. 1855. Be-
yond the fact that he waged war In
Nubia. where he left an inscription and
constructed some of the buildings Of
the Karnak. little Is known of his
reign. His mummy was found in 1881
at Deir-el-Bahri His son, Seti l., built
the Memnonium at Karnak In honor
Of his fathers memory.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
Maker of Dictionaries Not Envied.

Can any one envy the maker Of die
tionaries? To Sir James Murray the
readers were drawn in, those who were
to garner words. Some hundred thou
sand works" were examined by a
staff of assistants with two eyes and a
bit Of brain, and they may have got the
spelling right But think Of the task Of
the searcher, going through the books
he loves in the search for wordi. And
missing all else. For the man with the
demand upon him would read the
Bible with one eye for misprints. No
such torture for the lover Of literature
could be devised like the making of a
dictionary.-London Chronicle
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
FIVE BRICK HOUSES FOR SALE
AT A GREAT BARGAIN.

We have for sale group of five
brick houses that are offered at a bar.
gain, they are to be sold all at once,
and on easy payments, three to five
hundred dollars down and the balance
the same as rent, they are located on
South Park Boulevard near Thirty
fourth street. Do you want to be a
member of syndicate that will pur-
chase these housesi If so address K
care this paper.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
Purdie's Panacea.

Tom Purdie. an old manservant In
Sir Walter Scott's household. used to
talk of the famous "Waverley Novels
as "our books" and said that the read.
ing Of them was the greatest comfort
to him.
Whenever am of my Sleep" he
confided to James Skene. the author of
Memories Of Sir Walter Scott" 81
have only to take one of the novels,
and before have read two pages It is
sure to set me asleep"
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
Flooding the MAGAZINE.

A flooding device to prevent the ex-
plosion of the powder magazine Is fit
ted to most big battleships. By SIM
ply turning on a number of taps sea
water Is allowed to rush through pipes
into the powder store, which Is rem
dered harmless In case Of fire.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
RUBBING IL In.

He-If you find me so lacking In the
qualities you admire, why on earth did
you ever marry me? She-There you
60 making things worse. You know
very well l dislike particularly being
asked questions that admit Of no rea-
sonable answer. - Richmond Times
Dfspatch
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
Old Postal Rates.

Our postal rates in 1924 were exces-
siye. To send letter thirty-six miles
the cost was cents. For over 400
miles the uniform rate was . cents.
and as the mails were transported by
stage coaches. the process was a slow
ono
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
Just Suited,

"Why do you go with that young
man? He isn't making enough money
to be married"
''But he is making enough money to
provide theater seats and auto rides
for Tuesdays and Fridays, and have
those evenings to spare."-Louisville
Courier Journal.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
SIX ROOM BRICK COTTAGE ron
SALE AT A BARGAM ON EASY
PAYMENTS.

Beautiful six room and bath, cement
basement, furnace heat, hardwood
floors and trimmings, one and a hall
story brick cottage located on St
Lawrence avenue, near Marquette
Road, Goth street Boulevard at a bar.
gain, If purchased at once, small
amount of money required.
For further particulars, address
Julius F. Taylor, 6532 st. Lawrence
avenue. Phone Wentworth 1897, no
agents wanted.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
So He Would,

If man was only as careful Of his
hat and clothes at the end Of a month
as he Is at the end Of the first day he
would always look well dressed
Pittsburgh Sun.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
SHORT AND SHARP.

Who will open the door In China
when the troubles over?
Good judgment isn't of much value
unless you make use of it.
Sometimes you can help your friends
by not giving them advice.
As a rule a man never forgets the
spot where his Ratchet has been buried.
At Thanksgiving time we may be
glad to realize that we are still out
Of it.
1t doesn't matter so much who wins
the most battles as who wins the last
battle.
Speaking Of the Nobel prize, the
greatest peace prize in the world is
peace itself.
1t will take ten years Of peaceful
work for Mexico to figure out just
what her revolutions have cost her.
For those who favor q short winter
we suggest the signing Of promis-
sorry note or two to mature next
March.
Stefansson has discovered lot more
land In the higher ATTITUDES. But there
will be no immediate rush to cut It up
into building lots.
Best Of all, this banner wheat crop
Is not due to an exceptional run OF
weather, but to better methods on
moist soil and to wider mastery Of
dry.
Mexico Is to substitute the American
game Of baseball for bullfghts. Here
Is one gratifying proof that the re-
public is honestly trying to become
civilized.
The invention is reported Of an aeri-
al torpedo which can drop explosives
on an enemy 100 miles away. Day by
day the space for innocent bystanders
decreases.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
5remonitorv.

Junior-So you didn't propose to her.
after allf Weed-No. And I'm not go
ing to. When I got to her house
found her chasing q mouse with q
broom.-Puck
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
The Idea,

Il see where a very clever dog Is
the star Of play lately produced"
II suppose they did that to make 1t
q bowling success."-Baltimore Ameri-
can.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
Colored Gold6sh.

The artificial coloring Of goldfish to
meet prevailing tastes by keeping them
in water containing certain chemicals
b extensively carried on In Sicily.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
Hard 10 Rima

Some Of the hardest words to find
rimes for are month, porringer, polka,
silver, chimney. Lisbon, window and
widow.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
Hereditary.

Hoax-Poor old Henpecke has 30
mind the baby. Joax-Yes. It's won
derful how that baby takes after It's
mother.-Philadelphi Record.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27

Every base occupation makes one
sharp In its practice and dull In every
other.-Sir Philip Sidney.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27
TILE BROAD AK CAN BE POUND
ON SALE AT THE FOLLOWING
NEWS STANDS:

From on and after this date The
Broad AK, can be found on sale at the
following news stands:
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27

Skillful pilots gain their reputation
from storms and tempests.-Epicurua.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27

Bad men excuse their faults; good
men leave them.-Johnson.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27

Sometimes you can help your friends
by not giving them advice.
The broad ax. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1895-19??, 1915-11-27

Good judgment isn't Of much value
unless you make use of it.