The Nome daily nugget., 1915-08-26

garding submarine warfare, which was lin by Ambassador Gerard:
 The Secretary of State to Ambassador
 Gerard:
 DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
 Washington, D. C., July 21, 1915
 You are instructed to deliver text ually the following note to the minister of'foreign affairs
 The note of the imperial German government dated the Sth of July, 1915 has received the careful consideration of the government of the United States and it regrets to be obliged to say that it has found it very unsatisfactory, be- cause it fails to meet the real differ ences between the two governments and indicates no way in which the ac- cspted principles of law and humanity may be applied in the grave matter in controversy, but proposes. on the con- trary, arrangements for a partial sus- pension Of those principles which vir- tually set them aside.
 The government of the United States notes with satisfaction that the Imperial German government with regard to it's announcement of a war zone and the use of submarines against merchant men on the high seas-the principle that the high seas are free; that the character and cargo of a merchantman must first be ascertained before she can lawfully be seized or destroyed and that the lives of noncombatants may in no case be put in jeopardy un- less the vessel resists or seeks to es- cape after being summoned to submit to examination; for a belligerent act nf retaliation is per SC an act beyond the law and the defense of an act as retaliatory is an admission that it is illegal.
 The government of the United States is, however, keenly disappointed to find that the Imperial German govern ment regards itself as in large degree exempt from the obligation to observe these principles, even where neutral vessels are concerned, by what it be- ileves the policy and practice of the government of Great Britain to be in the present war with regard to neutral mi ernment will readily understand that the government of the United States cannot discuss the policy of the gov ernment of Great Britain with regard to neutral trade except with that gov ernment itself, and that it must regard the conduct of other belligerent gov sion with the Imperial German gov ernment of what this government re- gards as grave and unjustifiable viola tions of the rights of American citizens by German naval commanders
 Illegal and inhuman acts, however justifiable they may be thought to be against an enemy who is believed to have acted in contravention of law and humanity, are manifestly indefensible when they deprive neutrals of their acknowledged rights, particularly when they violate the right to life itself. If bellgerent cannot retaliate against an enemy without injuring the lives of neutrals, as well as their property, hu- manity, as well as justice and due regard for the dignity of neutral pow CTS, should dictate that the practice be discontinued. If persisted in it would in such circumstances constitute an unpardonable offense against the sov- ereignty of the neutral nation affected. The government of the United States is not unmindful of the extraordinary conditions created by this war or of the radical alterations of circum- stances and method of attack produced by the use of the instrumentalities of naval warfare which the nations of the world cannot have had in view when the existing rules of international law were formulated, and 1t is ready to make every reasonable allowance for these novel and unexpected aspects Of war at sea; but it cannot consent to abate any essential or fundamental right of its people because of mere alteration of circumstance The rights of neutrals in time of war are based upon principle, not upon expediency, and the principles are immutable. It is the duty and obligation of belliger- ents to find way to adapt the new circumstances to them.
 The events of the past two months have clearly indicated that it is pos sible and practicable to conduct such submarine operations as have char