The copper era and Morenci leader., 1915-03-12
MINERAL EXHIBIT At
SAN FRANCISCO
EXPOSITION

EkFU0lflUN
United States Geological survey Pres
Sents the Actual Per Capita Produc-
tions of Coal, Cement, Gold, Silver,
Aluminium, and Other Minerals. for
1875 and for 1918.
To illustrate the development of the
mineral resources of the United States
the Geological Survey exhibit at the
Panama-Pacific International EXPOSE
ton includes q graphic representation
of the output of the various mineral
products of the country, based on the
production per capita during the CEN
tenniaI year, 1876,and at the present
time. Bituminous coal Is represented
by a block of coal weighing 1000
pounds, the per capita production in
1876, ana by another block weighing
tons 10000 poundsl, the per capita
outputein 1915. ~ The anthracite
blocks, on the other hand. indicate
relatively small gain from 1,140'
to 1880 pounds
The per capita production of coke
has increases from1S4 pounds In 1876
to 700 pounds. In 1913 At the earlier
period no other than beehive coke was
manufactured In the United States
but since then the Interesting Feature
of coke manufacture has been the de-
velopment OF the retort oven,by which
valuable constituents of the coal other
than coke are recovered. The exhibit
at San Francisco shows the quantity OF
coal consumed in retort ovens in this
country In 1913, the quantity OF coke
produced from4t, and the quantity of
coal tar, benzol, and sulphate of am
monia, recovered as by-prOducts. The
quantity of gas recovered and utilized
is also properly shown GEO.
The production of petroleum in the
United States shows an increase
which is fairly. comparable with that
of bituminous coal. The per capita
output in 1876 is represented by a
half-barrel of oil containing % gal
Ions; the output in 1913 is represent
ed by hogshead containing 2.6 bar
rels, or 108 gallons. 1900.
The per capita production of copper,
which in late years has been SO sig
nificantly influenced by the develop
ment of electricspower transmission,
has increased from 1 pound in 1876 to
Is pounds in 1913, and this is Illus
trated by ingots of copper of the two
weights.
The per capita production of lead
has increased from 4 pounds in 1876
toe pounds in '1913,and the output Of
zinc from little less than 1 pound to
The qsianfitv Of non ore produced
shows an increase from 314 pounds
per capfta -ins.18z6.- to J, ABA pounds in
1918, and the quantity of pig iron OBJ
tanned from 1t has Increased from 15O
to III pounds ~ - - =
Since the Centennial Exposition an
entirely new industry In mining and
metaIlurgy has been deyelopedthrough
the production of aluminium. No
aluminium was producedsfon com
mercial scale in 1876, but cube
weighing II ounces represents the per
capita production in 1913.
The actual production of gold and
silver in 1913 is a little more than
twice as much as; it was in 1876, but
as the population has salsoA nearly
doubled the per capita output of both
metals has kept nearly even with the
increasing population. In 1876 the pei
capita production of gold was II
grains; in 1913 it was FL grains. The
production Of silver In 1913 was 45z
grains per capita; in 1876 it was 2Ss
grainsss -
In 1876 the total production OF
Portland cement In the United States
was less than 10000 barrels. In 1915
it was over 100000 barrels. The
total per capita output of cement in
1876 was 16 pounds. In 1919 it was
$50 pounds, equivalent to nearly foul
of the bags in which we are accustom
ed. to see Portland cement transport
edl
It is only since the beginning of the
present, century that, the production o.
sulphur In the United States has hae
any significant influence ON the trade
hut fhe domestic product has now vir
tually supplanted Sflican sulphur II
the markets of this country. In 1877
the per capita pFoductipn OF sulphur II
the United States was 140 grains, OF
less than one-third of an ounce. II
1913 it was $4,000 grains, or z l.
pounds, The production of pyrite
used fn:.the manufacture of sulrhurit
acid. has increased from 4 ounce PEI
capita in 1876 to 125 ounces in 1913
no sulphuric acid, except from pyrite
and imported sulphur. The snlphurit
acid recovered as by-product at thu
smelters of the United States in 191;
was 10 pounds per capita.
In 1876 the per CAPITA production o
phosphata rock was 9 mounds. In 1871:
81 wee tires that quantity, or Z;
pounds. ,.'ssassst'-f's 10y .'ss-s.' -.-'''-
In 1876 we produced no arseniou
chloride: in 1913 the per capita pro
duction of arsenious oxide was 35
grains: of bismuth IT grains, and o
calcium chloride 6 ounces.
A number OF other mineral sub
stances, none of which was produces
at the time of the Centennial Exp
si-fcrl. aro now important factors Il
our mineral production Among tn
most important of these Is natural gas
of which over 5000 cubic feet pc
capita are now consumed annually Il
+ba Tinted States Others of theS