davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20

London. May 2o.-The wave of de r,ression which has been sweeping England for the past few days follow ing the receipt of war news regarded as unfavorab1e, was checked today by the definite announcement of the de- ciston of the government to form a coalition cabinet, together with news from the eastern front.
 It is believed here that the Rus siasns' ativa1ioe near Shawl, in Co9Ar- land, where the line of the forces Of Empero Nicholas have been straight enedz out, will do much to counteract the effect of the Austro- German ad- vance in the vicinity of Przernysl, across the river San.
 The military writers in the morning newspapers claim that only one out of 1 Russian armies has been in deadly danger and that Grand Duke Nicholas, cornrnander-in-chief of the Russian forces in the field, is playing his usual strategic game of drawing the enemy away from his base.
 Reports from Athens set forth that the allies have occupied the Turkish position of Kilid Bahr on the Europe an side of the straits and opposite Cha nek. Occupation stook place after the position had been reduced by a bonn bardment of the fleet.
 On the western front the only in O1cat1OnS or acCTV1Cy IS the COnI1nu- ance of artillery duels. The Italian parliament meets to-day. It is gen eraIfy felt that the mom entous decision of war or peace can hardly be post poned beyond this sitting, although re- ports are current that Austria has in creased the concessions she is willing to make in order to Insure Italian neu- trality.
 The German press, while admitting that war with Italy can hardly be avoided, views the prospect calmly, the opinion even expressed that Aus tria, because of the Italian attack, may be compelled to make a separate peace with Russia, a course which probably would result in the release of more German troops for service on the western frontier.
 BLOCKADE HAS COST
 GERMANS 17 SUBMARINES
 London, May 2o-The Evening News has received a. despatch from
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20
BRIDGEPORT GETS
 NEXT CONVENTION
 OF MEDICAL ASS0.

Hartford, May 2O-Departing from it's custom since organization in 1792 of holding alternate yearly meetings in New Haven and Hartford, the Con necttcut State Medical Society today voted to hold it's annual meeting for 1916 in Bridgeport, the third Wednes- day and Thursday in May. The semi annual meeting will be held in Middle sex county, place not decided
 These officers were elected: PresI- dent. Dr. Max Mai1house, New Haven; ]; vice-presidents, pr. c. B. Graves, New London; Dr. c. A. Sears, Portland; ]; secretary, pr. Marvin M. Scarborough. New Haven; treasurer, pr. Joseph H. Townsend, New Haven
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20
Many Other Communities Have Suffered Because Their Paving Contracts Were Not Open to Com petitive Bidders and Pat ented Processes Were Favored.
EXPERTS SAY PRICE
 OF 90 CENTS IS FAIR
Bridgeport Iaxpayers M-1st Pay Much More Because Mayor Has Experienced Startling Change of Heart As to Competition When the Money of the Taxpay- CT is Involved.

The excuse offered by the politi- clans who have promoted the enor- nous contracts in Varrenite pave- 1nent is, that it is a patented pave 1lent, which is uues and that 1t is the best pavement, which is untrue.
 Wa1renite is well known to public officers over a large part of this coun- try Repeatedly its entrance into Q community has been followed by 8 scandal, like that in Bridgeport. af- with a blind. and unaccounta,ble infat- uatfon for this particular pavement
 The investigation of highway mat ters in New York state, which was followed by indictments, threw some light upon WaErenite methods in that Commonwealth
 The New Jersey investigation dis closed some Of the reasons why New Jersey authorities engaged in spend ing highway money. fell bl1noly in love with this patented article.
 After considering carefully the evi- dence with respect to the relations be- tween public officers and the com panles making patented pave1nents. the New Jersey committee said.
 eve think there is enough in the record taken by the comInftfee to 5ustlfy the sssnf1on of tIls public prosecutor and grand Jnry of Essex county-1
 When Commissioner GiIlen came to the department of highways in New ark he found the paving ring in com plete control of the city.
 As a result of his investigations he reached the conclusion, to use his language before the committed that styvlaere patented paveEnents are spec flied there can Joe no real comp etafion and the whole thing is crooked and dishOneSt.,s
 After probing the dirty paving mess in. New York state, the New York Legislature found this dictum of Com n1issioder G4uen sol true, that it de- clared 1t to be against public policy for any public authority to specify a patented pavement, in any call for paving bids. If such pavements should compete, it must be in open bidding with other pavements.
 The New Jersey committee reach ! ed this identical conclusion, saying: ssTEhe law must be amended so as to exclude patented or proprietary pave ments except in open price coHnped- ton, with pavements of the same gen. eral type, and in other respects, free competition in the interest of the public must be assured.
 The very principle herein stated was the one held by Mayor Wilson. when he first took office. Tn his firsi message, while the desire to serve the people was presumably still strong in his mind, he departed from the general tenor of his message to de- clare that he would never except in a very urgent case, waive the obliga- ton of bids and open competition in
 {CoDinued on Page Twol
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20
CARNEGIE IS INVITED
 TO SCOTCH CONCERT

Compensation Commissioner E. T. Buckingham has invited Andrew Car negfe to preside at a Scotch Concert to be given in Olivet Congrega tiona1 church on the evening of May 27th. There will be Scotch songs, recitations and bagpipe selections.
 The majority of the artists partici- pating in this concert will be- of Scotch descent. There will be a collection to start a fund to build a memorial hall in connection with the church, with a gymnasium in the hall for boys and girls; also to provide a circulating H- hrai.y
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20
FRENCH LAND TROOPS
 FOR GAL1dPoLI BAIrLR

Paris, May 20-French troops have been landed at Seddul Bahr, at the. southern tip of the GalI1poH peninsu- la and on the European side of the Dardanenes, and are now moving around the Turkishspo positions at Kri- thia, according to a despatch received by the Grecian newspaper Messager. D'Athens from Mudrose, Lemnos Isl and This information was received today by the Havas News Agency from Athens.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20
WHITE SLAYER IS
 SENT TO JAIL FOR
 TERM OF 5 MONTHS

Charged with forcing Mary Marine to lead an immoral life, Vito Maniero of this city was sentenced to jail for five months by Judge Case in the criminal superior court this after noon. The woman is not related to Mantero. He was bound over from the city court. He pleaded guilty Ito the white slavery charge to-day.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20
RIDGEP 0RT NOT ALONE IN ODIUN
 OVER w wARRENITE
WHY HAS MAYOR WILSON CHANGED HIS IDEAS OF
 COMPETITIVE KIDDING?

I believe that all work, except such as is extremely urgent, should be advertised for, as re- quired by ordinance, and awarded to the lowest responsible bidder, and that the waiver of the mayor should not be requested except in great mergencies-From Mayor Clifford B. Wilson's first message.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20
THERE'S A RING AROUND
 THE SUN; RAIN COMING.

An unusually well defined and bril- liant halo was observed around the sun this forenoon. The phen ome- non is due to earth particles and cloud. The popular saying is that a halo forecasts rain. The weather prediction is for rain
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20
ON TRIAL AS GERMAN SPY, ALLEGED AMERICAN HANGS
 HIMSELF IN LONDON JAIL
Anton Kuepferle, Claiming Residence in Brooklyn Writes Message, Admitting His Service in Kaiser's Army-Took Life, He Wrote, Rather Than Die on the Gallows As Spy.

London, May 2o-Anon Kuepferle, who claimed to be American citizen liv in Brooklyn and charged giving military information Britain committed suicide hanging night in Brxton Prison.
 Kueperle left message written slate bearing tes mony to the fairness confessed die soldier declared could not mount the seaffcId spy.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20
EXPERTS SAY TORPEDO
 HIT NORWEGIAN VESSEL.

Chsistiania, Norway, May 20-Hiz- pert testimony was given at a naval investigation today into the sinking of the Norwegian steamer America in the North Sea on May 3, that ves- sel had been destroyed by a, torpedo. The witnesses said that the place in which the America. was struck and the action of the explosion proved she had not been blown up by a mine.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20
Austrian Proposals Are Rejected

Rome May 2OUnless plans of prominent deputies mis- of the chamber tomor Thursday) the received Signor Barzai, Republican deputy who
 plead the liberation of Triest his native from Austrian rule
 session, night unanimously rejected thei proposals Austria for proongng the negotiatons regarding the cesson of territory.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20
SUBMARINE SINKS
 ANOTHER TRAWLER

Peterhead. Scotland, May 2o--The by a German submarine at a point 8 o miles off K1nnaird's Head in the North Sea yesterday
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20
WEATHER FORECAST

Increasing cIoudiness to- night, Friday rain; moderate north fo northeast winds.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20
ENCL AND IS CHEERED AS COALITION
 GOVERNMENT PROJECT IS FASTENED

it's Copenhagen correspondent saying the report is current in German naval circles that seventeen German galo- marines have been lost since March IS, the day of the commencemer+ of the submarine blockade.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20
ITALY WILL ENTER WAR TODAY"
 MESSAGE AS PARLIAMENT MEETS

Berlin Gets Report That Immediate Declaration of Hostilities is Contemplated Minister of War Granted Full POwers-ROme Rejects Eleventh
 Hour Proposals of Austria Regarding Terri tOriaI Concessions.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20

Amsterdam Holland May 2o-"No in Italy any longer begins today is the text telegram sent Chasso Switzerland under date of Thursday oday and printed n Beriner Tagebatt
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20
Full Powers For War Minister

Paris, May 2O-Reports have been received here fron Rome deputies by virtue of vote today granted full to the minister of
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-05-20

BLOCKADE HAS COST
 GERMANS 17 SUBMARINES. News has received a despatch from
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1915-06-03
what Are snsppino TurtlesY

Nature and Science for Young
Folks, an immensely popular depart
ment in ST. Nicholas, is just what It's
title indicates. In it are gathered
many items of interest about the
earth and its inhabitants, as well as
the inhabitants of water and air. Tne
writer of a description of swapping
turtles concludes with the following
paragraph:
Considered from a scientific stand
point, the turtle is of some interest,
for, although classed with the rep
tiles, he has many of the attributes
of other groups; thus he has a shell
like the mollusks, legs like the nam
mails, lays eggs like the birds, can i've
in the water or on the land like GER
tain amphibians, and hibernates In the
mud during the cold season as do
many of the other cold-blooded crea-
lures. The fact that his flesh is edi-
BILE, however, and that turtle soup is
somewhat of a delicacy, marks his.
chief claim to distinction with many
of U.S."
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1915-06-03
An Effective Cough Treatment

One fourth to one teaspoonful of DR..
Kings New Discovery, taken as needed
will soothe and check Coughs, Cold and
the more dangerous Bronchial and
Lung Ailments. You can't afford to
take the risk of serious illness, when
so cheap and simple remedy as DR..
Kings New Discovery is obtainSble.
Go TO your Druggist to-day, get bot
tie of DR.. Kings New Discovery, start
the treatment at once. You will be
gratifed for the relief and cure obtain
ed. Adv
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1915-06-03
ConstantinOpIe.

Four hundred siXty-two years have
elapsed since Constantinople fell into
the hands of Mohammed II, after a
siege Of Gfty-three days. Mohammed
entered the famous seat Of early Chris
tian learning on May y, 1853, and ex-
tingushed the last remains of the
eastern empire. The famous city Of
seges the dominant strategic point of
the old world, is today the objective OF
the two giant expeditions on land and
sea. The big guns of the English and
and French dreadnoughts, pounding
their way against the Qualifications
erected 10y centuries of care, can be
heard in the headquarters of the Mos
lens. From the Russian ports in the
Black sea squadron is pounding the
nearer Notifications of the Bosporous.
The famous city founded by Constan-
tine the Great on the site of ancient
Byzantium has been the scene of con
Met for ages. The earliest city was
founded by Byzas, in 667 b. G. 1t was
occupied by the Modes, the Athenians
and the Spartans. During succeeding
wars il was allied with the Romans.
The Romans took the city in the year
80 A. D., but later it rebeled and was
rotaken after a two years siege in the
the year 1876. In 324 Constantine re.
founded the city, destroying all the
heather temples, and dedicated it as
Constantinople III the year $50. Art,
learning and religion tlourished at this
seat OF civilization until the great Ro-
man empire crumbled before the lnyad-
ing hosts Of barbarians from the north
and east and the inroads of the Turks
from Asia.
When Mohammed took the city 462
years ago, cannon we're still in the ex-
detrimental stage. Mohammed had a
cannon made TO the diameter of = feet
ana used stone balls. lie had 10000
men, while the Christian force had
been depleted to 5000. The Turkish
fleet consisted Of 32O vessels.
Mohammed conceived the desperate
operation Of carrying his ships over
! land from the BOsporouS into the har-
Dor In one night the Turkish fleet
was thus transferred. The Ottoman
cannon demolished the Greek forts in
forty days, ana the final assault began
on the morning OF May 20, The en-.
pcror Constantine XIII fought TO the
last and died like a hero.
That Constantnople has remained in
possession Of the Turks SO many year,
IS due TO European diplomacy. The
JealOusles OF nations has played tn,
principal part in preserving the Mos
lem rule over the Important city.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1915-06-03
Hot Story,

A contributor to the China Herald,
telling of experiences during a sum-
mer trip into the desert, narrates that
while he watched a lizard run across
a sun-baked open strip of sand it dis
appeared in a puff OF yapor. The in
tense heat of the sand had turned
the moisture of its body into steam,
the pressure of which rose so high
that the little creature was blown
into bits so minute that no trace OF
it was afterward to be found In
backing up his statement, he quotes
an old prospector's allegation that in
Death valley, during the heat of the
day, water poured from canteen will
not reach the ground being turned
into steam as fast as it leaves the
mouth of the canteen. Can you beat
t?-Engineering and Mining Journal
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1915-06-03
SOME NOTED IRISH BULLS"
Sayings That Have Been Fastened,
Rightly or Wrongly, Upon Soma
of the Emerald Isle.

The Irishman who said to his chill
dren; "Ye pays no more attention to
me than II / was a dumb haste talk
ing to yeZ" was as unconscious Of
saying anything funny as the Irish
baronet who boosted that 1t was
hereditary in his family to have no
Children" and the domestic who COM
planned: Enjoy Shape, is it? How
could /, now? The mint ! lay down
I'm aslape, and the mint I'm aslape
have to get up. Where's the time
for enjoying it,"
But we are not so sure of the man
who, when asked by his employer:
Wei, Patrick, which is the bigger
fooI-you or II" answered: Faith,
l couldn't say, sorr; but it's not me-
SELF or of the groom who, to the
question: "vou say your present
master treats you better than Mr..
Smith did," replied; Eyes, sorr-
and oftener."
1t was Sir Bryan O'Loghlan who
was responsible for the startling state
ment that "a verbal agreement is not
worth the paper it is written on"
and the immortal Sir Boyle Roche
who, in debate on proposed tax
on leather, declared 'the barefooted
peasantry of Ireland" could avoid the
tax by having their under-leathers
made of wood" and who, when dis
cussing the relations between England
and Ireland, said: 'He is an enemy
to both kingdoms who wishes to di-
minish the brotherly affection of the
two sister kingdoms"
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1915-06-03
THURSDAY, JUNE ;, 1918.

Germany, in her reply to the AmerI-
can note regarding the sinking of the
Lusitsnia, the text of which was made
public Sunday, claims that she was
acting in justified seIf.defense" in sink
ing the liner, asserting that it was an
auxiliary cruiser, carrying concealed
cannon below decks, and transporting
troops and munitions. The note with
holds final decision on the demands
made by the United States 1t de-
clares the Imperial Government has
no intention TO submit neutral ships
not guilty of hostile acts TO attacks by
aeroplanes or submarines, and claims
Investigations of attacks on the Gull
fight and Gushing are under way.
The note suggests reference to The
Hague tribunal OF certain matters in
controversy.
At Washington the reply produced a
feeling of disappointment. Dissatis-
faction was generally expressed at
Germanys failure to answer the de-
mands OF the United States. Persons
close to the President have learned
that he is determined TO obtain repair
alton for the Lusitania victims and as
surances Of respect for American
rights. Falling in this, he will not
hesitate 10 sever relations with Ger
many, it is said.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1915-06-03
HAVING A PURPOSE IN LIFE
Always Mistake to Drift AimIessly,
Without Set Purpose or Direct
Destination.

The poorest mortal in the world is
the one who has no purpose in life,
one who just drifts along, the victim
of every low influence he runs into
The safe way, the hopeful way, is
to have a purpose that aims at some
thing higher than the present situa-
ton. 1t may not always be work, but
it will do an immense good, even II
it fails at times.
How often we see men and women
drifting along without any aim or
destiny, apparently ready for any
port that may appear. They are
without guide, pilot or purpose and
they are pretty sure TO land at the
port of Failure. 1t is dangerous TO
drift. Get a purpose. 1t is never too
late, though in youth it proves the
best friend one can have.
A purpose in life steers one away
from bad habits, and especially does
1t break up loafng, which is one of
the worst menaces that dallies with
youth. And how extended is this
menace, One can see it in the streets
any day-boys and young men literal
ly spelling their lives because they
were living without a purpose.-Ohio
State Journal.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1915-06-03
The Meaning OF our Flag.

If any one asks me the meaning oil
our flag, say TO him: 1t means just
what Concord and Lexington meant,
what Bunker Hill meant. 1t means
the whole glorious Revolutionary war.
II means all that the Declaration OF In
dependence meant. 1t means all that
the Declaration of independence
meant. II means all that the Consul
tuition OF our people, organizing for
Justice, for liberty, and for happiness
meant.
Under this banner rode Washington
and his armies. Before 1t Burgoyne
laid down his arms. 1t waved on the
highlands at West Point. When Ar
mold would have surrendered these val
liable fcrtresses and precious legacles,
his day was turned into night and his
treachery was driven away by the
beams of light from his starry banner
It cheered our army, driven out
from around New YORK, and in their
painful pilgrimages through New Jer-
sew. This banner streamed in light
over the soldiers heads at Valley
Forge and at Morristown. 1t crossed
the waters rolling with ice at Trenton,
and when its stars cleaned in the cold
morning with victory, new DAY OF
hope dawned on the dependency OF
tins nation.
our flag carries American ideas,
American history, and American ieeI-
ings. Beginning with the colonies,
and coming down to our time, IN It's
sacred heraIdry, in its glorious insignia
IL has gathered and stored chiefly this
suureme idea: divine right OF liberty in
man. Every color means liberty; eV-
ery thread means liberty; every form
of star and beam or stripe OF hight
means liberty-noJ lawlessness, not
license, but organized, institutional
liberty through law, and laws for liber-
ty!
This American dag was the safe
guard OF liberty. Not an atom OF
crown was allowed to go into its inslg-
MIA. Not a symbol Of authority in the
ruler was permitted to go onto it 1t
was an ordinance of liberty by the peo-
pie for the people. That it meant
that it means, and, by the blessing OF
God, that it shall mean to the end OF
time,-Henry Ward Beecher.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1915-06-03
Good Company.

As friends and companions, as
teachers and CONSIDERS, as recreators
and amusers, books are always with
us, and always ready to respond to
our wants. We can take them with
us IN our wanderings, or gather them
round us at our firesides In the lone
ly wilderness and the crowded city,
their spirit will be with us, giving a
meaning to the seemingly confused
movements of humanity, and peoplng
The desert with their own bright crea.
tions.-John Alfred Langford.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1915-06-03
Productivity Of ornarisms.

Many estimates have been made OF
what would happen if organisms multi.
piled without let or hindrance. We
came across a new one in Prof J. f,
Abbott's excellent General Biology
An ordinary mosquito Matching from
the egg reaches maturity and lays her
own eggs ten days afterward. A sin
gle female lays about four hundred
eggs, half Of which become females.
If a single female should hatch on
April / and lay her quota of eggs ten
days later, on July /, 80 days later, if
all lived, the progeny would number
1O2,914,592 GS4,480, DOS, O04,001 mosqui-
toes. We have not verified this.-EX-
change
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1915-06-03

Why don't more women raise sheep?
In two years my flock has netted me
341 per cent. My only loss by death
has been two lambs. The yearlings !
now have gave IA pounds of wool dur
ing last May. They are good grade
Lincolns and Shropshires. bought
nine of each, and raised one sheep
which was a cross. Fifteen sheep cost
about as much as nine cows. The
cows would yield larger income than
the sheep, but would require more
care. Ny flock needs IL acres of pas
ture in summer. The winter feed is
slower. cannot understand why more
farm women do not become shepherd
essas Farm and F1reslGe.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1915-06-03
Science and the Sailor.

Science has done little for the sailor.
Vessels are faster, but no stouter than
a century since, and water-tight com
partments are confined, as a rule, to
costly steamships. Iron vessels go
down before the fury of the gale just
as of yore, and the wooden craft are
at the mercy of every storm. Then
the crew take to the boats, perhaps too
few in number and poorly provisioned,
and drift for days and weeks, until
they perish from hunger, thirst and eX-
posture, or are cast away on dreary
island. Castaways who suffer for
months OH uninhabited islands are not
so few in number as might be sup
posed The Crozet islands, in the In
dian ocean, almost within sight of
antarctic ice, are famous as the home
of shipwrecked crews. Many of these
far southern islands are out of the
track of ships, and castaways might
live on them for years without being
discovered