davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-22
Only a Joke.

MICE PRESIDENT MARSHALL was
v condemning that type of natural
lied, hyphenated American who thinks
American neutrality means favoritism
toward his native land.
THE noisy patriotism of these men
and their noisy American allegiance,
he said, reminds me of the incendiary
AN incendiary. while his factory was
burning walked up and down in front
of the place wringing his hands and
moaning:
".Oh, 1 wish l was dead. l wish 1
was dead"
"Suddenly firemans AK fell and
struck him on the head. He looked up
at one of the f1remen-he thought that
the ak had been thrown purposely-
and shouted:
when you hear it?"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-22

PARIS, August II, 1915.
~ nee one of the most exclusive
III " of the popular decorations, the
IL ~ Legion of Honor threatens to
" become almost universal That
is one of the results of the great Euro
pean war in which whole nations in
arms are engaging.
Probably, compa ratively, the war has
rot produced more heroes than any
other. Yet such are the numbers en-
cared that the official communiques are
filed with Iist3 of men who have won
the supreme hcnors of all the belliger-
ent countries.
V. C.'s are almost as thick as flies in
England, the Iron Cross has been be-
slowed upon tens of thousands of sons
of the Fatherland and the little red
ribbon of the Legion of Honor is
boasted by an ever-increasing army of
good fighting Frenchmen and non-com-
batant, but no less gallant, French
women.
Up to the outbreak of the present
war there were siNty-tive woman mem
bcrs of the legion. but the list has been
greatly extended by the nomination, as
chevaliers, of numerous women of all
ranks and classes who have distin-
guished themselves by services rem
dered during the war. Before the war
the decorations were usually conf erred
on the heads. or on energetic ana de-
serving members, of religious houses.
ADDRESSES. nuns and teachers; but
there were also among those decorated
several female artists and actresses.
Napoleon III, when emperor, conferred
only three crosses on women, enc an
abbess. another the cautiniere of an
African regiment. and the third Vivi-
andiere. Rosa Bonheur, the famous
artist, was decorated by the Empress
Eugene in 1865, when acting as regent
while her husband. the emperor, was in
Algeria. The cross was bestowed on the
artist as painter of landscape and
animals" From 1865 to 1875 no cross
was given to women, but in the latter
year it was conferred on two sisters
of charity for services rend ,red during
the cholera epidemic and inundation at
Toulouse. Three years later it was
given to Mile. Dodu, the telegraphist
who, at the risk of her life, noted mill
tary secrets during 1s70-1S71. She and
her mother were shut up in an upper
room of the rural telegraph office of
which Mile. Dodu had charge, but as
she had taken her Morse instrument
with her she was able to attach it to a
wire running outside the house and
thus obtained a derivation" which en-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-22

not affected by the canal The west
coast of South America is due for great
development, he said, but it's develop
ment will come in the exploitation Of
it's mineral resources East Of the
Andes, on the other hand, the develop
ment will be agricultural and that
eventually means teeming population
and vast volumes of international
trade. But on the Pacific coast and
particularly with Peru the canal is all
important.
The construction of the canal turned
Peruvian thought toward the United
States. That was when American in
fuences became most potent The intel
ligent efforts of Mr. F. A. Pezet, the
minister from Peru to the United
States, in bringing the Peruvian mar
ket to the attention of American mer-
chants have undoubtedly been an effect
i've influence in the growth of Ameri-
can business in Peru. America has re-
ciprocated by becoming interested in
Peru. American capital has already
gone in to some extent, and there is
every Indication that our traders will
hold what they have gained
American goods are liked in Peru,
just as they are liked everywhere in
South America. Indeed, Peru offers
more than one example of how the
Latin Americans liking for the prod
ucts of North American manufacture
have led him to revise his ideas of
styles and adopt the American stand
ards.
Formerly it was said that the United
States could never hope to gain any
high position in the Latin American
market because of the unwillingness
of American manufacturers to go into
foreign trade as a business by itself
and to design goods according to the
wishes of the Latin Americans, instead
of using that field as a market on
which to sell surplus goods originally
manufa ctured for sale in the United
States.
American shoes have already cap
tured the Peruvian market, and Ameri-
can shoe styles are the standard. The
vogue of American shoes has spread
over much of the continent. There are
indications that America is coming to
control the styles in other articles OF
apparel as we'll.
Some few years ago the government
of Peru sent a young naval officer to
the United States to attend the acad-
envy at Annapolis and serve on the
battleshps to learn American naval
methods. In the four years in which
he lived in the United States the officer
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-22

Gautfer, authoress; Nine. Daniel Lesusur.
authoress; Nine Brisson, for exploration;
Mile. Poilpot, president of the Art Or
phanage Society. Some of these women
have been promoted to officer.
Among American women decorated
with the grand cross are Mrs. John IL
of Philadelphia. Mrs. Herman Schoen-
field was made commander for phllan-
thropic services rendered to needy
Ottoman subjects.
The Legion of Honor originated at an
after-dinner conversation at Malmalson
in the spring of 1902. Napoleon, then
first consul, was the host, and in the
course of the evening raised the sub
ject of a proposal put forward in lIss-
Napoleon's guests included Nome.
Duroc, who with Bertrand shared the
captivity at ST. Helena and has, there
fore, his tomb beside that of Napoleon
at the Invalides; Arnault and several
state councillors. Napoleon insisted on
the necessity for an order to recon-
pense military bravery and civic
merit Some of the objections after
ward raised at the council of state
were. one can be sure, raised in the
course of the Malmaison conversation:
That it might appear as proceeding
from the wish or intention to estab-
lish a new aristocracy; that the imam
cling Of it's pensions and establishment
would be too heavy charge on the
republican treasury: that it should be
purely military and so on.
Napoleon however. was not to be
deferred Various titles for the pro-
jected order were suggested and dis
missed The term ordre was rejected
as too monarchical, confrerie as too
ecclesiastical, fraternite as too jacobi-
nical. At last the Roman word legion.
in its Latin sense of choice elite"
GLORIOUS assembly" was adopted, on
the same line of thought which had
suggested consulat. tribunal. prefec-
ture and later empire. The project
was adopted by the tribunate and
finally by the corps legislatif by 1865
votes to ITO.
There were in 1910 about $4,000 mem
bers of all ranks in the legion. OF
these s0,566 are military and entitled
to stipends at the rate of $50 francs
(s5O) yearly for chevaliers, 500 francs
(S100) for officers. 1000 francs $4,000
for commanders, 900 francs ($600) for
grand officers and 5000 francs ($1,000)
for grand croix. The number, particu-
larly of military members. has been
considerably increased during the war.
The cross is the ordinary decoration
for all officers in the army and navy
of a rank intermediate between the
highest generals and admiralty and
the lowest (private soldiers). who are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-22

wear, at least, the United States man
ufacturers have been able TO gain the
trade without any adaptation of style
to South American demands.
The foreign trade of Peru is as yet
small. 1t is the smallest trade of any
of the more southern republics of South
America, except Paraguay. But nearly
every American who visits and studies
Peru believes that that nation will
have a great future.
There are indications that the
Americans will not only hold their pres
ent predominant position, but will OBJ
tain an even greater proportion of the
trade in the future. If Peru develops
to anywhere near her possibilities she
will become a rich field for our mer-
chants. Americans can aid in that de-
velopment. What Peru expects of US
in that connection will be told later.
Copyright. 1915 by Robert F. WILSON,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-22

vor everywhere in South America.
American hats usually sell for a high
price in South America, competing sue
cessfully with the best-known London
and Vienna makes. In fact. the man.
ager of the hat department in the
largest mems furnishings store in
Buenos Aires told me that American
hats are regarded by the Argentines
as the best in the world. Conse-
quently, this firm charges the highest
prices for them. and hats that sell for
SO or 81 in the United States bring
double that price in Buenos Aires.
The cheaper American hats are also
making their way in South America.
The leading hat store in La Paz, Bo-
livia, was Specializing in cheap Amer
lean hats when we visited there. The
chief competitors in this line are the
Italian manufacturers. The straw hat
trade is practically in the hands of
the Italians In these lines of mems
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-22

lions than we have enjoyed with Chile
in many years.
The situation generally throughout
South America today is most favorable
us everywhere With the concrete eX-
ample of Peru before them, American
business men who hope to see our for
eign trade extended should encoura ge
all movements which look to better
acquaintance and understanding pc
tween the northern and southern CONT
nents The Pan-Amcrican Union and
the various pan-American conferences
play a large part in the development
of friendship.
The visits of such men as Elihu Root,
Robert Bacon, Theodore Burton and
Col. Roosevelt to South America, and of
Dr. Lauro Muller. the premier of Brazil,
to the United States are very effectual
in bringing about better understanding.
Other agencies such as better trans
portation facilities than at present,
more personal visits to South America
on the part of our leading business
men, more American publicity in South
America, ali these will in time aid in
cultivating international friendships
that must some day be as evident in the
foreign trade statistics of all South
America generally as Peru's friend
ship is evident today in her foreign
trade figures.
OF all the larger republics of South
America, Peru has most appreciated
the Importance of the Panama canal.
Until the opening of that waterway.
Peru lay almost at the end of the South
American transportation routes from
New York and Europe. Today, of all
the larger South American countries,
she is the closest to New York by the
water route, and her distance from
Europe is greatly decreased. Peru has
justly, then. based on the canal strong
hopes for her future development, and
her gratitude to the United States for
constructing the canal is great. Mr..
Burton, in his speech before the Ameri-
can Commercial Club of Buenos Aires,
declared that the canal will not play
the part in building up American for
eign trade that many American bust
ness men seem to expect.
This, he said, will be because the
greatest development in South America
will be east of the Andes mountains,
where the cheaper rail transportation
leads to the Atlantic coast, which is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-22

mander that his foreign Office could
square the violation of Chilean neu-
trality only added to Chile's sense Of
injury.
The Dresden incident did British trada
in Chile no good. On the other hand,
in spite o. the fact that a German mill
tary commission has been training the
Chilean army, Chile shares with most
of her neighbors an intense anti-Ger-
man sympathy in the present war. The
friendly attitude at present being dis
played by the United States therefore
comes alta psychological moment. and
it promises to result in closer rela-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-22
THE MOLE AT PIsCO, PERU.

rewarded by the bestowal of the mill
tary medal. Any man, however, may
possess both
A civilian chevalier of the legion can
be told as almost every one knows
by the minute thin strip of red ribbon
affixed to the left buttonhole of ms
coat or overcoat, or of both. The sign
of the civilian officer of the order is a
tiny red rosette something like a small
rosebud. also affixed to the left button
hole. The rosette of the commander,
as has been noted, is slightly larger.
The latter is recognizable by his
"cravat.' a red silk ribbon hung round
the neck with the cross depending
from it and, as rule. covering the tie.
If in civil dress the commander wears
a rosette like the chevalier and the
officer, but slightly larger.
81
Military chevaliers. officers and COM
manders in uniform, wear the cross it.
self high up on the left breast. Grand
officers, if in uniform, wear, besides
the cross hanging in line with the
second buttonhole of the tunic, a large
plaque or plate with the motto of
the order. This plaque is affixed to the
tunic low down on the right side.
Grand crosses wear the cross of the
commander dependent from a broad
Teu lippoii poSSiiS osci tiiC IiSbt
shoulder and under the left arm and
at the same time display on the left
side of the breast the plaque of grand
officer
The order can be conferred on towns
and on regimental flags. as well as on
individuals. A town is decorated by
being allowed to display the sign of the
order on its city coat of-arms. Paris
was decorated in 1900, retrospectively,
for it's gallant resistance to the Ger
mans in 1870, Chateaudun and six other
towns for their defense in the same
war. Napoleon decorated Chalons-sur-
Saonne, Tournus and st. Jean de Losne
for .retarding the march of the allies"
by their firm attitude" Lille and Va
lenciennes were decorated for their
courageous and patriotic attitude" 1t
should be interesting to see what
French or Belgian towns. in addition to
Liege, already honored, will be propos-
ed for decoration when the present war
is over.
OF the three grand croiX conferred on
Americans two are of comparatively
recent date, that, namely conferred on
Ambassador Mccormick in 1907 and
that conferred on Ambassador Myron I.
Herrick in 1914. The third grand croix
is held by ex-Ambassador to France
Gen. Horace Porter, who received the
honor in 1904 on his leaving the Paris
post In the case of Mr.. Herrick the
cross was handed to him on entering
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-22

ascribed to Marie Schellink, who enter
ed the army, diguiSed as a man. at the
age of thirty-f1ve, took part at Jem-
mapes, where she received six wounds;
fought in Belgium, where she was pro-
noted sergeant, and made campaigns
in Holland and Italy At Austerlitz
she wounded in the thigh and was
promoted on the field to the rank of
sublieutenant. She retired when fiftytwo
years old, after seventeen years serv-
ice. When decorated by Napoleon In
person he said to her:
Madame. give you pension OF 100
francs and make you chevalier Of the
Legion d'Honneur. Receive from my
hand the star of the brave which you
have so nobly Won" Then turning to
his officers: Gentlemen, salute respect
fully this courageous woman; she is
one of the glories of the empire"
Marie Schellink retired to Client.
eighty-three.
More recently discovered records.
however, point to Angelique Marie
Duchemn. the widow Brulon" as she
is known to the legion's archives, as
the first woman to be decorated. She
was daughter of soldier of the
42d Infantry. When still young she
married a soldier of the same regiment
and went with her father and husband
TO Corsica. There her husband fell.
and Marie, then twenty years of age.
entered the army, presumably conceal
ing her sex. She is represented as hav-
ing shown the most intrepid bravery
fighting against the Corsicans and the
English. She was wounded at siege
where she took part in a bayonet
charge, but. notwithstanding her wound,
started back to Calvi. two miles away,
to fetch fresh ammunition. There she
loaded up sixty women. led them back
to the battlefield, and was the means
of saving the fort. She was sub
sequently admitted to the Invalides.
where she remained sixty-one years,
being created subieutenant by Louis
NvIII and chevalier Of the legion in
1851 by Louis Napoleon. She died at
the InvalideS in 1852
Another of these earlier heroines Of
the legion was Soeur Rosalie, a very
naughty girl" as she described her
self. who made haste to commit all
sorts of wickedness possible SO as to
have none to commit when she reached
years of discretion" Among distin-
guished Frenchwomen Of this earlier
date were Nine. Dieulafoy. decorated
for her scientific work in Persia, and
Nine. Furtado Heine for her charitable
works.
among decorations Of recent years is
that of chevalier, conferred on Nine.
Paquin. wife of the famous coutourier:
Mule. Abbema. painter; Nine. Judith
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-22

Possibilities That CoyFnt ALL PeuIs Very Friendly
United There Is Already Firm Basis Of Gradual Growth
How Intangible May
Euophe Panama Canal asa aorAnecan Goods
Popuar-Cnrs in u A. Winning
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-22


a LITTLE over year ago Amer
IN ica's efficient consul general in
A\ Peru, William W. Handley, sat
6 < in his office in CalIao giving
three silent cheers. The cause OF his
citation was the Peruvian port statistics
for the year 1913. which had just been
submitted to him by the fiscal DEPART
ment Office of the Peruvian govern
ment.
These figures showed that in 1918.
for the first time in history. the united
States led in the foreign trade OF one
of the principal republics OF South
America. Commercial diplomacy lad
won a victory. Four years previously
the republic of Peru had been buying
twice as many goods from England
and the British possessions as She did
from the United States
In 1913 the value OF goods imported
by Peru from the United kinSdom
amounted to S.,1i$, 0i.J0. while those
S9,52S.S52.T9. Germany. the other great
competitor for the South American
trade. trailed Great Britain in the value
of business transacted.
Then followed the seven peaceful
months OF 1911. In that period Mr..
Handley saw American merchants
not only maintain but increase
their lead over their foreign conpet5-
tors in Peru. Then came the war. The
trade figures since then are not yet
availa BILE, American imports have great
ly increased. while those from Europe
have dwindled. The next statistics will
undoubtedly show that the United
States is now transactinE the greater
bulk of Peru's foreign business.
This showing is particularly crafty
ing in that it is due to no accidental
opportunities thrust in the way Of
American exporters. 1t indicates that
Americans can get South American
trade if they seek it. The America,
trade in Peru is on firm basis of
gradual growth and development The
war cut no figure in this victory Yet
merchants have made no particular
effort in Peru; that is, no greater effort
than has been made in several other
South American countries where the
trade statistics are not so encouraglng-
The case of Peru is worthy of close
study by American business men. 1t
exemplifes methods to be pursued i'll
other South American republics. 1t is
an Illustration of how intangible fac
tors may enter into q trade situation
with as great effect as the best SELL
ing methods Of a business campaign.
1t emphasizes principally the necessity
for closer international friendships for
the United States. Peru is the only
South American republic of those
which do not touch on the Caribbean
sea in which the American imports
have gained predoninance.
Until the Panama canal was opened,
Peru was of those nations the most re-
mote from the shippers standpoint.
But, of all the South American nations,
she has been additionally the most
friendly to the United States.
The Peruvian sol and the Chilean
peso have no more sentiment than the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-22

abled her g catch fragments of Ger
man dispatches.
These she wrote down without under
standing. them, but after her release
they were. translated. by the son of the
local mayor. One of the fragments dis
closed the plans of an attack on the
army of Gen. Aureile. who was thus
forewarned. Mile. Dodu was also
awarded the military medal and is con-
sequently the only woman to possess
both the medal and the Legion Of
Honor.
There is some controversy as to the
first woman to be decorated with the
legion. For long the honor was
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-22

This article is based on the observations Of
Mr.. Robert r. Wilson and other members Of
the party headed by former Senator Theodore
T.. Burton their recent tour of South
America.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-22

PARKS, August IL, 1919.
nee one of the most exclusive
of the popular decorations, the
Legion of Honor threatens to
become almost universal. That
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-08-22

a LITTLE over year ago Amer
IN ica's efficient consul general in
2\ Peru, William W. Handley, sat
6 * in his office in Callao giving
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1915-01-28
Mars and Finance.

Mars is curious fellow. He
squeezes pennies out Of every dollar
that is in railroads, steel mills, gas
works. street railways, telephones,
copper mines and electric light
plants. He snatches pennies out OF
every. dollar of your, country's credit
and out Of your city's credit. which
credit is represented by bonds.
But Mars adds pennies to the pur-
chasing power of the dollar in your
pocket, or the dollar in your bank.
This is not a puzzle, but statement
of plain, solid fact.
Thus it happens that the dollar
which you had invested in any one of
the thirty leading corporation stocks
of America was worth 10 cents more
1ust before the war started than it, is
today.
In July your. dollar was quoted at
go cents. Now that identical dollar
is worth 80 cents: But if you had
your dollar in your pocket they would
now purchase for you 112 shares OF
those various stocks for every 100
shares these same dollars would have
bought shortly before Mars let HIM
self loose upon Europe.
What Mars actually does is to put
up the wages of money. Being the
most reckless spendthrift known to
man, he makes dollars more valuable
because he wastes so many.-Phila-
delphia Ledger.