davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-31
~ ~ MASS ''
MEETING

of the world under British control or
ownership. Missionaries were enlisted in
the work of encouraging the natives of
semi-tropica1 countries to plant cotton.
and were asked to distribute seeds and
instructions.
Although all this did net result in free
ing the British manufacturer from his
dependence, upon America, it must be
borne in mind that the Lancashire mag
mates have never ceased in their efforts,
and today more than ever they spend
thousands of dollars and countless hours
OF precious time in pushing cotton grow
ing in every part of the world outside
OF the sunny south. but especially within
the confines of the British empire.
!:
Thus, thanks to British encourage
ment, there is ever-increaSing cot
ton crop raised within the empire. al
though the south still has firm and
at present unassailable grip on the bulk
of the worlds production. growing
about 65 per cent of the worlds total
Whereas the 1913 crop of the eight cot
tom growing states of the south
amounted in round figures to 14,000,-
900 bales, it is significant that India
produced 100000 bales and Egypt
100000 bales.
To the British cotton goods manu-
facturer. one of the chief disadvan-
tages of American control of raw cot
ton and competitive purchasing-prin-
cipally by Germany, which has made
enormous strides in cotton weaving in
dustry of late years, and by American
manufacturers the fuctuation in
the prices.
A concrete example will show how
the multiplication table works an enor-
nous injury and loss to England with
each one-cent rise in the price of the
raw material. Not many years ago
cotton was selling at cents a pound:
at the beginning of 1914 it reached Is
cents. Now, England consumes in her
cotton mills an average of 100000
bales.or 1000. 600. 900 pounds, every year.
difference of Fill per bale. A rise of
8 cents-from 6 cents to 15-means a
difference of $50 per bale. or a total
of more than f40,000,000 (s200. 1000, O0o)
per year in the cost of raw material to
the cotton manufacturers of Great
Britain.
Naturally, it means a proportionate
Increase in the income of the planters
Of the south. but it is hardly necessary
to say that that does not compensate
the Britishers for their loss.
x
1t is to fix and control these prices
that the English manufacturers, work
ing with the sympathy and active as
sistance of the British government,
are planning One of Sir Charles Ma
cara's pet schemes for years has been
the purchase of an enormous stock of
raw cotton, running into the million
bales, to be placed in storage. These,
it need hardly be said, We're to be
bought when prices were low. and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-31

held against any tendency of the mar
ket to rise.
AS soon as prices showed an inclina-
ton to soar. enough of the huge store
was to be thrown onto the market to
bear" figures to what the British
manufacturers thought were correct.
When prices once again reached the
low level, the reserve store was to be
replenished. That, roughly is the
present scheme
The big English manufacturer of cot
ton goods believes he need fear little
from the competition of American mills
III any open market. He is firmly con-
WINGED that the tiny corner of England
known as Lancashire, of which Man
chester is the heart and cotton the life
blood. is suited as is no other corner
of this earth for cotton spinning and
weaving.
northeast correr of Ireland make that
section predominant in the manufac-
ture of linens. SO the wet fogs and
mists and rains of Lanca shire, which
make the district such a depressing and
detestable place for It mere visitor. mar
velously simplify the difficult business
of cotton spinning.
In less fortunate districts, such as
Rhode Island. in the United States, it
is necessary to do by artificial means
what nature does for Lancashire, and.
even in the latter place, when cold.
dry wind sweeps across country from
the Yorkshire moors spinning must be
done in the steamrooms to prevent the
constant swapping of the thread.
But the British manufacturer is salts
fed that he has other advantages.
Listen to Sir Charles NIAGARA:
England has an enormous advantage
over the United States in the matter
of nj nd vii In he
first place, we have the advantage in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-31

bulk of the cotton goods of England
were woven on them.
Finally, however, it was superseded
by Samuel Compton's wonderful spin.
ming mule-a combination of Har-
greaves Jenny and Arkwright's roll
ers. Compton received a grant from
parliament and was placed in easy cir
cumstances The business of inventing
was indeed picking up. Arkwright
built a factory at Cromford and the
manufacture of cotton goods flour
ished.
At this point came Edmund Cart
wright a clergyman. who invented the
power loom, but he was before his time
and lost money heavily. Parliament
again showed an unusual appreciation
and voted him a sum of $4,000 a good
~ sum of money in those days. Final
ly. Robert Kay. the son of the John
Kay who some years before had in
vented the fly shuttle, perfected the
drop box, making possible the rapid
weaving of figured goods. Thus Eng
land was well started on the way to
her supremacy.
vance nothing will show better than a
few figures. The humble first factory
of Arkwrieht has grown into ,n indus
try that commands an invested canital
of $500, 900, 900. The 10000 workers of
174O have Increased to 4 600 non who
directly. or indirectJy. are benevolent
,ipon the cotton factories of I,ancas shire
In Cnttononol;s or IL. an,,;.ons I'LL
145.O Oo. 900. or 40 ner cent of the worId,s
spindles. more than a th;rd AGAIN ,s
many as in the whole Of tho yast of
Europe and twice as many as in all the
of the worlds nroduction ~ Nv cot
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-31

''They always promised me room to
myself; but 1 never got it. Four of us
have big room together. They call
us the Three Musketeers, Athos, Por-
thos and Aberdnego. When those young
fellows come they'll have the choice
of rooms. Caujolle has one, all by him.
self, already.
Now, there are simply hundreds of
little rooms in the 1nvalides.
Any one who has wandered about the
dismantled old palace must have seen
that 1t is a labyrinth. Once I got lost.
going up wrong stairway. The balus
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-31

imagine how the subject of Chinese
affairs. for instance. appears to the
great cotton manufacturer seated in
his roomy private office in Manches-
ter. bably he or some one else
similarly situated recently figured out
that if the 350,000.000 inha bitants of
China were SO educated and civilized
that they came to the conclusion that
modesty, or convenience. or hygiene,
or extravaganza called upon them to
dress like the inha bitants of western
Europe. 100000 bales of raw cotton
year would not supply their needs
alone.
The same applies in proportion to
the 100,000,000 black-skinned inhabi-
tants of Africa: the estimated but I'M
numbered hordes of India and Russia
Why. the cotton goods business is in
it's infancy and the proud owner of
dozen great mills in and about Man
chester is peddler compared TO the
cotton magnate of the future!
Why is all this of particular interest
to America at this moment? Simply be-
cause there are many evidences that
Great Britain is making. or is about to
make determined attempt to control,
absolutely and perpetually, the cotton
crop of the world by the regulation of
prices
Various influential cotton men in the
north of England, notably Sir Charles
Macaro. former president of the Inter-
national Federation of Master Spinners'
and Manufacturers Association. have had
this idea running through their heads for
a number of years. but. unable to secure
the necessary governmental money sup
port. it has laid in allegiance until the
present.
The war has brought into existence
certain unprecedented conditions and op
portunities that are particularly favor
able to their scheme, and out of the great
loss the universal struggle has brought
to the cotton industry in England these
far-seeing, hard-headed manufacturers
discern ,the possibility Of extracting last
ing advantage
X 4:
Here is the situation, put as briefly as
possible. 1t has always been serious
worry to the British cotton goods manu-
facturer that. although he has controlled
the bulk of the manufacturing and mar-
keting of cotton piece goods. he has not
been able to control the raw product.
Cotton weaving is the only great British
industry in which the raw material is
controlled by an outside nation.
AS far back as the late ffties of the
last century, in forming what was known
as the Cotton Growers Association, it
was set out that the organization was an
expression of the prospective fears of a
portion of the trade that some dire
calamity must inevitably, sooner or later,
overtake the cotton manufacture OF Lam
cashre the superstructure of which has
so long rested upon the treacherous foun-
dation of restricted slave labor the
main source of supply for its raw ma
terial.'
Many British manufacturers began to
feel that independence of the American
supply was an absolute necessity. and
several ambitious projects were tried
Competent teachers of the grow ng and
gathering of cotton were sent to parts
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-31

Special Correspondence of The Star
LONDON. October 81, 1915.
00 7HO coined the expression
MMX King Cotton? Did he real
WV iZe how apt and true was
" this association of supreme
sovereignty with the staple product OF
the sunny. south? For cotton is kingly.
indeed. not only in America, but
throughout the world; and it is more
powerful, more vital today than when
first it was given it's regal title.
Cotton is romance. Cotton made pos
eible a glorious and chivalrous age IN
the, south. Long has cotton clothed the
world-a peaceful. innocent function
Now cotton has become sterner stuff
Before. the bursting of the pod was it's
most violent act: now cotton wins
wars-it kills and mains. From lazy
southern field to the breach of great
gun in Flanders is a far cry, but each
day in this great war cotton plays an
incaleulable part. The field hand of
Dixie picks death from the plant in
these days of high explosives.
Today American medium plays
large part in ruling the world. Spun
at home or exported TO- LiSerpool-or
Bremen. twisted into fine thread and
woven into endless bolts. its influence
Is worldwide. 1t controls whole sec
lions of the most important countries
in the world. 1t is the handspring of
action of millions of people. score
of millionaires, created by its useful
ness. move the pawns that play the
game of international politics. 1t pre-
vents. it causes. it wages and it stops
wars
Take England. for instance. For a
generation Manchester and all that it
connotes, erected on a foundation of
swaying pods. has pulled the strings
that move the marionettes of Downing
street Its millions, directly or indi-
rectly-mostly directly-have dictated
International worries of Great Britain
are largely a question of cotton.
Manchester dictates every English
move in southern China. where almost
amending millions of slant-eyed yell
low men are marked out to provide a
whirling spindles of Lancashire. In
dian affairs are weighed and sifted and
tested and decided in consultation with
the cotton m;.gnates of the north of
Egypt. Arabia. Persia largely resolve
themselves into potential markets for
the products of cottonopolis.
Foreign affairs are mainly question
Oh foreign markets. This fundamental
fact is decked out in various CARDS of
the street. But those in touch with
government affairs and big business
are under no delusion on the subject.
Just stop for moment and try to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-31

Even the holes in his cheeks remain.
His cheeks whistle when he talks"
the other sa d. "fIe can't control his
words and language. When he starts
to say, The day is fine it comes out,
I'm as thirsty as bear"
The old man cooked his eye and
looked expectant. In old days IT
would have been an "invaiide's joke"
tenderly appreciated by Parisians.
appreciated
Then l asked him about Remand, who
was wounded in America. Yes. though
only seventy EIGHT years old. Renaud
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-31

by modern science. American surgeons
and dentists in France are daily build
ing upworse damaged jaws than Flies.
AT the Red Crescent Hospital of the
Porte Maillot, / saw a native Algerian
who seemed to be chewing gum. He
wasn't With an awful smile, he stuck
out kind of red rubber ball which he
must keep continually in his mouth.
nurse explained. ITS to hold his
mutilated jaw in place. till it's built
up" she said. He will be made all
right. They do it all the time
Poor Ellie had not such care in 1859.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-31

is a survivor of Napoleon HIS Inflated
Mexican expedition. before you were
born, my dear. Renaud has six medals,
and used to tell tall stories of the
firing squad of Macmillan.
oh, Renaud is cracked" the old man
said. There is no pleasure in convers-
ing with Renaud. He has a room by
himself"
The remark surprised me-
selves?"
(Think. only seventeen old menD
But no: some have. some haven't,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-31

And fatigued, you passed out, having
giimpses of more empty courtyards,
endless doors, windows. corridors
When you asked Whats in there -
you were answered: They are empty.
once the invalides lived in them"
The republic had. in fact condemn
ed the Invalides. in fear its influence
might keep alive Napoleonic glory.
Even after 1870 it was not half filled
up. nor quarter Thi-ty years past, no
new pensioners haA been admitted.
The old grumblers' were left to die
out. only seventeen remain today.
But fifty years ago the Invalides was
alive and glorious. A thousand mutt
lated survivors of the Crimea, Algiers
Italy and other campaigns of Napoleon
III lived snugly in the palace. an ex-
tremely decorative stage setting for
them.
Back, before their time, the original
old prumblers' of th4 Little Corporal,
around about its edges. told admiring
visitors the stories of their wars.
And. still back. the amaged Kings
Guards and musketeers of Fontenoy
and Lawfeld, under Louis XIV. and Grip
Piled heroes Of Friedlingen ana Rami-
lies under the Sun King. permitted adj
ers OF Suresnes wine and hand them
the piece OF silver which they thought
II no dishonor to accept.
Grand old days. said the old man,
but Whispering hoarsely) some of US
are old now"
Not he: he is Joseph Faure. the Ben
Jamin. age only seventy-three, who lost
his right arm at Sedan, the Youngest of
the seventeen remaining. He is dis
gusted at the agedness Of Hachard, who
is ninety-six: Lubin, who is ninety
seven. and old Robin. who is ninety
eight-the eldest
"Old Robin eats well, drinks well.
smokes well and has grandchildren and
REORGANIZATION in Paris. He has
been here sixty years, and for thirty
years I've been trying to find out where
he was wounded. 1t wasn't the Crimea:
he has five medals. When we ask him.
he just answers: That's my business"
Whispering very hoarsely). He's for
gotten. It's no pleasure to converse
with Robin"
Nor with Ellie. aged eighty-nine.
wounded at Magenta
Poor Ellie shows the progress made
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-31

trade and wainscoting were magnifi-
cent black oak, dating from Louis XIV.
polished. actually worn to undulations
by the hands of old fellows sliding
along them during three centuries. l
came to hallway, ceiled with carved
black beams. magnificent. There were
long lines of little doors. and. at right
angles. other corridors with little
doors.
You mean the old buildings on the
Court st. Joseph? said the ancient.
No? Then il was in the Court of Al
siers The old grumblers of Napoleon
lived there. Each one had his room.
You'll see their names carved. with their
dates and campaigns. on the chimney
pieces If We started in to carve our
names we'd get ten days.
An intelligent young carpenter, who
had stood listening. spoke up.
There are oak-paneled little rooms
with names of light horse and kings
guards" he said. II saw a date of 1850"
The ancient looked up jealousy.
Where's that"
"In the old buildings of the Court st.
Louis. They are fixing them. up They
look as if they had not been occupied
for hundred years. The boys who get
them will be lucky-must be forty
rooms around the courtyard They are
putting in brass bedsteads."
NO one ever lived there" unused the
old man. Did you say brass bedSteads? ''
He took gloomy interest.
Are you working on them"
Inc young 1elIoW stiu lHdl he Was
working on four grand halls of the
Quarter St. Como, real chateau halls
with monumental flreplaces.
They are putting in steam heat he
said. land running up half-partitions
to form alcoves."
Horses stalls" the ancient muttered.
They're for privacy" replied the car
penter, "a bed and little furniture in
each, with portieres in front. twelve
alcoves on a side The center of each
hall is open, with great tables, like
clubroom.
The old man shifted
See there, now. All for the young.
Well, well, they're brave boys. They'll
invite us to their fun. Grand days are
coming"
Nothing could better show the tri-
umph of the republic.
For thirty years. to keep down mill
tary prestige and the memory of Bona
parte. they had condemned" the In
valides, filling it. as much as possible.
with government offices. and leaving
the mass of the old courts empty. For
instance, the doctor officially in charge
of the seventeen "old grumblers" had
suite of twelve vast rooms And so on.
The only sight was Napoleon's tomb.
Beneath the dome the tourist stood by
the circular stone balustrade which pro-
tects the huge hole in the floor. You
looked down into the crypt. Giant an
gels stood against the circling pillars.
Between them were panoplies of mol
dering flags and banners-captured In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-31

Special Correspondence Of The star.
PARIS, October II, 1915.
q CAME near seeing Caujolle.
Half an hour before Caujolle had
quit the palace, toddling on his
q crutches, past the flower beds, to
the monumental gateway and a taxi
..Ts ta." he sale. I've a date in Paris"
Caujolle lives in the palace.
Crowds of visitors saluted Caujolle
on his passage. Caujoiie had two
wooden legs. The palace is full of his
torical treasures, and in visiting hours,
nowadays, the public fiocks to see the
armor OF Jeanne dare. the jeweled sad
die of Napoleon and the Zeppelin that
fell at Badonvilliers.
Later, / stood with an old man at
the gateway. guarded by sentries. High
officers in automobiles hurried to and
fro. The palace is immense. The gen
eraI comr.anding Paris also lives there.
These crowds turn my head" said
the old man. 1T used TO be 50 quiet
and peaceful No one came here. We
Sat in that sunny spot there. by the
cannons. Do you know those can
mons? They were taken by Napoleon
from the Austrians at Pardon, ma
dame"
An elegant young girl. followed by a
distinguished middle-aged woman.
came up in their limousine.
Monsieur Caujolle?" she bubbled.
NO? He is not here? He is gone into
Paris? Mamma, NJ Caujolle is not here.
He has gone into Paris Monsieur, Will
you kindly tell the palace entrance
near to which NJ. CaujolIe lives? We
would leave some trihing objects for
him. Merci, monsieur. au revoir.'
and she went hunting Caujolle.
Now See there tie old man chuckled
"Ali for Caujolle. No came for us
these thirty years past. When the
crowd Of Caujolle's pals arrive, no one
will get moments rest from women,
Grand days, Grand days"
Who is Caujolle? Before the war he
was a Journeyman baker of Toulouse.
an orphan boy of no consequence to
anybody
At the battle, of the Marine a shell
blew off his legs.
Today he is the first of / 900 brethren,
live together in the palace. The quail
ncation is to be mutilated. incapaci-
tated and homeless.
They are the new invalides.
Tourists thought they saw the Inya-
Ndes. They saw the shell.
Your taxi rolled through shady,
empty avenues, beyond the Eiffel tower
There were glimpses of a wide parade
ground. old bronze cannons and a pal
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1915-10-31

ace front; then on. on. skirting round,
there were side glimpses of the vast
old pile. immense monotonous and
nothing doing. till you reached
wrou9ht-iron gate, a green lawn and
grandiose dome. 1t was Napoleon's
tomb
Perhaps you drove around to the west
front. You passed through small courts
to an immense quadrangle with two
floors of arcades. empty. silent, to the
labyrnthine halls of the Military Mu-
scum - arms, armor. costumes of all
ages. trophies. relics of Napoleon and
the empire, the gray coat of the Man
of Destiny. his battle hats, his gloves.
his pistols.
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-02-11

little Mrs. Wrenn, who was intending
to come down to her cottage a little
later, saying that if anything hap
pened to Mr.. Wrenn all the slow poi
son in the world wouldn't save her
from the electric chair. And then
felt I'd done my duty.
There weren't any more letters Of
that kind and I began to feel more
comfortable, although after that II
couldn't bear to visit either Mrs.
Blenkinsop or Mrs. Schofeld. They
seemed to have sort Of satiTical look
in their eyes which made me feel bad
you know / am very soft-hearted.5
So l stopped extending social hos1I
pitality to them in the shape Of vis7I
it's and comforted myself with reflect
ing how much good had done, and
how the weIldoers naturally have tO
suffer in this life. And that's just
what Aunt Lily told me.
Well, August came along, and them
what do you suppose happened? 1t
was Sunday and of course the post
Office was closed. Aunt Lily and i
had been entertaining some of our
friends and telling them of the fiend-
ish contriYances going on in Seaeliff
when suddenly in there walked Mrs.
Blenlinsop, Mrs. Schofeld that
Wrenn hussy and George Blenkinsop.
Ny! You could have knocked me
down with a feather! And all their
faces had the same satirical look /
had noticed before.
"Wen, Miss Twist, said Mrs Scho-t
field, you will be glad to hear that
Mr.. Pratt-you remember Mr.. Pratt?s
has gone to China to take up a POI
sition as banker there. Yes, and he's
gone aIone!"
The brazen vixen! I had hardly
caught my breath to murmur some
thing when Mrs. Blenkinsop spoke.
81 thought you'd like to be one. Of
the first of our friends to know that
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-02-11

First was a letter from Gregory
Pratt addressed to Mrs. Schofield.
Oh, it was shameful, shameful. It
began my darling Anne" and it an
nOunced that he was coming down
the very first time Mr.. Schofield
would not be there, to try and per-
suade her to elOpe with him to China,
where they would have a humble cot
tage among the roses and be happy
for ever more.
Next, q letter from George Blen-
kinsop to his mother-he had gone
back, to Harvard that
he had left college and married a
vaudeville actress, who was going to
get a divorce from her third husband,
and he hoped she wouldn't be ar
rested for bigamy first.
Finally, there was a letter from lit
tie Mrs. Wrenn to Mrs. Schofeld, ask
ing her advice as to the best quick
poison that would get rid of an I'M
desirable husband without leaving
any trace behind it.
Aunt Lily and stared at the let
tiers. We didn't know what it was
our duty to do. If we told the police
most likely the government would
want to know how we got our infor=
nation and, though the letters were
so poorly sealed that any one could
have opened them, still, the govern
ment is pretty strict about such
things, and l didn't want that old Sol
Rogers to get back the postoff1ce
again.
We talked it over for a long time
and at last decided to write anony-
nous letters to each Of the parties !
concerned. The letter to Mrs. Scho-
field ran like this:
''You wicked woman; / have my
eyes on you, and if you don't send |
that old Pratt about his business in
stead Of going to China your husband
will hear of it