davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Bisbee daily review., 1915-04-02
OAKS HUMBLE SEALS

OAKLAND, April IA ninth inn ing rally by San Francisco was sue cCssfully warded off by Oakland and gave the game to the home team.
Evening star., 1915-12-29

Urges Pan-American Court.
DR.. Eusebio Bracamonte, a delegate
from Salvador, advocated compulsory
arbitration between all the American ma
tions in a pan-American court of justice.
Benito Perez Verdia, a delegate from
Mexico, declared such an institution would
in time be followed by the civilization Of
Europe He also spoke of the adoption
of a private and public law code between
the American states. Francisco Capella
Pons, delegate from Uruguay. favored
establishing permanent international COM
missions between the Americas In all
the American countries, he said. there
was a marked disposstion toward arbitral
settlement of disputes.
Economic aspects of the war were
discussed before the American Eco
nomic Association meeting in connec-
tion with the American congress.
Prof J. B. Clark of Columbia Uni
versity. said no effect of the war would
amount of harm than the economic
burden it would place On future gen.
erations.
With clear international laws. courts
to apply them and league of nations
to enforce them. such war would
doubtless never be repeated. he said.
Unless states which are separately
mighty are collectively imbecile, the
difficulties in the way of this consum-
nation will be overcome" said he.
Money Cost Of the War.
The money cost of the war. to July
81, this year. exclusive of the capital
lied value of human life, was estima-
ted by other speakers at S37.696. .774. .000
including minor hostile nations and
other obvious costs. BY January l the
aggregate would be $4,000. 900, 900. and.
should the war continue. at the end of
the second year next August, it would
reach $S0,000,0 100000. At the end Of
the second year the probable human
loss was estimated to be 10000. 900
lives. The capitalized value of those
lost workers was placed at $35, 6,000,-
600.
Following the reading of paper by
Evening star., 1915-12-29
Mr.. Buchanan Will Stand
on Rights as Congressman
and Resist Arrest, He Saws

Representative Frank Buchanan Of
Illinois. indicted in New York yester-
day under the Sherman antitrust law
on the charge of conspiracy to foment
strikes in munition plants in this coun-
try. declared today that he intended to
stand on his rights>as a member of
Congress and resist arrest.
Il have been advised by lawyer to-
day that as member Of Congress l am
immune from arrest on this charge" said
Mr.. Buchanan. Il am more interested
in carrying on my fight here against the
manner in which the district attorneys
office is being conducted in New York
than | am in this indictment. which means
nothing to me. And intend to stay here
and continue my fight against Snowden
Marshall. the district attorney of New
York.
Mr.. Buchanan declined to give the
name of the lawyer to whom he had
gone for advice in the matter, merely
saying that he is a member of the
House who had volunteered his serv-
ices in Mr.. Bdchanan's behalf and that
he considered him one of the best law
yers in Congress.
Mr.. Buchanan said that he had re-
ceived no Official notification from Ne "
York in regard to his Indictment
Doubt as to His Status.
There seems to be considerable doubt
at the Capitol today whether Mr.
Buchanan can be arrested under the in
dictment brought against him. The
Constitution says that a member Of
Congress- during a session of Congress
can be arrested only on charge of
felony. breach Of the peace or high
treason. The charge under the Sher-
man antitrust law is "misdemeanor"
and Mr.. Buchanan holds that he is ex-
empt from arrest on such a charge
However, precedents have been found
which say that member of Congress
| can be arrested on any indictable
charge. The question will be decided
when an attempt Is made to arrest Mr.
| Buchanan.
The Illinois representative today in
sisted that the Indictment against him
was "frame-up" and that as a mem
| ber of Labor's National Peace Council
and as an individual he had had
nothing whatever to do withs foment-
| ing strikes; that he had talked to
| no one about starting strikes, and that
| he had no connection with Rintelen
| or Lamar or any other foreign repre-
| sentative.
Mr. Buchanan said that he had been
connected with the labor movement for
years before he came to Congress, and
that he had always counseled peace
able settlement of controversies be-
tween labor and employer, as his record
showed. He insisted that he had never
\ urged strikes in munitions plants here.
| were the manufacturers of war NUM-
| tions. hghting him because he was op-
| posed to war and also because he in
sisted in Congress that the government
| should manufacture munitions for the
army and navy.
Evening star., 1915-12-29
RECEPTION AT TREASURY.
Secretary and Mrs. McAdoo Will
Greet EMPLOYEES of Department.

An official administration innovation
is projected by Secretary William G.
McAdoo of the Treasury Department as
a new year event. At noon Friday, the
last day of the year. he, with Mrs. Nc
Adoo. will receive all the employees
of the Treasury Department who may
wish to take advantage of the invita-
tion. The reception will be held in
his room in the Treasury Department
building.
Never before has a Secretary of the
Treasury held such a function. As the
work day closes at noon Friday, it is
expected that most of the force will
take advantage of the opportunity.
The federal reserve board and its enl-
ployes are included in the invitation.
Evening star., 1915-12-29
The Evening Newspape,

Which is taken to the
home, is the most effec-
tive medium through
which to reach the en-
tire family.
New York's great re-.
tail merchants recognize
the truth of this state
ment in placing their ad-
vertising among the daily
newspapers.
During November,
1915, the sixteen largest
retail advertisers of New
York used 1,878.405 lines
of advertising space in
seven evening newspa-
pers, seven m orning
newspapers and seven
Sunday newspapers, as
follows:
Evening star., 1915-12-29
Two Schools of Business,
Topic of Elliot H. Goodwin
at Meeting of Subsection

There have been and there always
will be two schools of business, ac-
cording to Elliot H. Goodwin, secretary
of the Chamber of Commerce of the
United States. speaking before the sub
section dealing with commercial edu-
cation of the Pan-American Scientific
Congress at the Pan-American Union
this morning. The schools are COM
posed of those on the one hand, who
lay main stress on the lessons of
actual experience and those, on the
other, who advocate the previous train
ing as doing away in part with the
necessity of learning by experience.
The one exercises a curb on the other.
Clearly, the school of practical ex-
perience produces but a small propor-
ton of men with large business ca =
pacity," he said. LAS a method of train
ing it is wasteful. 1t is equally clear
that the college or university CONNER
cial training cannot be expected to
graduate only those of marked busi-
ness ability any more than law schools
produce great lawyers or medical
schools produce great surgeons. Much
remains with the man himself, his
Unborn capacity and power to expand.
Yet professional training for lawyers
and doctors is now universally ac-
cepted.
Discusses Business Capacity.
what is there about business ca
uacity or executive ability that would
place them beyond the pale of those
things for which a special education is
valuable? Is it the power to handle
men? Then the training of the army
officer or the professor should be
equally futile.
.Is 1t the ina agination. the power to
grasp and arrange in an order man.
ner and execute? If these cannot be
trained, or trained in part, what practi-
cal purpose does education serve? To
what end the study of history and BIZ
if it does not enable us to
apply the experience and the ingenu-
Ity of others to our own problems?
..In spite of the example of men in
all walks of life who have started at
the bottom and risen to the highest
places. there is nothing so sad in busi-
ness and industry as the consideration
NJ that 80 per cent of those who are
Competent for the positions they fill,
hut who lex the education, or the al
most superhuman will to make up for
lis lack, which will permit them to
rise above a certain dead level.
..In commercial education lies the
hope for the future of American busi-
ness" -.--------,...-.. ----.----s4------->'
Evening star., 1915-12-29

Theodore Roosevelt al the meeting OF
the American Sociological Society. a
discussion of the views on prepared
ness by the former President revealed
the fact that prominent college men
believe the Roosevelt ideas are falla-
cious. Prof. K. c. Hayes of the Uni
versity of Illinois declared that Roose-
Welt had overlooked important elements
In his logic: DIR. John Msz of the Amer
ican Peace Society called his ideas
'barbaric." and Prof. Dealey of Brown
University gave a warning not to al
low preparedness to run amuck in the
land. Miss Mabel Boardman drew q
comparison between English and Ger
toned that military preparedness as .
:.olicy should be wisely administered.
Relation Of Alcohol to Crime.
Discussion of prohibition of the use
of alcoholic beverages and the pre-
vention of crime directed a greater IN
terest to the members of the Pan
American Scientific Congress to the
section studying public health and
medical science, but those discussing
international law with the members OF
the International Law Society, con-
tinued to attract attention.
Two Washington lawyers appeared
before the section on international
law and presented discussions Of the
general question of international arbi-
tration as referring to American coun-
tries.
Walter S. Penfield led to the concu-
sion that arbitration treaties should be
broader; that a code of public and pri-
vate international law could be estab-
lished to advantage, and that a pam
American court of arbitration should
be established.
Jackson III. Ralston covered the same
ground, concluding that the trend OF
American thought is toward arbitra-
tion, and pointed out that the Bryan
peace treaties with South American
countries point the road directly to-
ward arbitration and will accustom
the minds of men more and more to
think in terms of peace rather than in
terms of war" ---
Evening star., 1915-12-29
NEW MORSE LINE TO RUSSIA.
Inaugnrated With All-Year Schedule
by Steamer Kong Helge.

LONDON, December %, 6:32 AIM
THE new steamship route from Norway
to Russia is now established. and the
Norwegian steamer Kong Helge, carry
ing a cargo Of American and English
machinery for Russia, has made a trip
from Tromsoe Norway to Alexandra
wsk (Russia) under most favorable con-
ditions," says the Copenhagen correspond
ent of the Exchange Telegraph Company
"since the route will be open through
out the entire year, it is expected that it
will be of inestimable benefit to Russia
whose trade difficulties become acute
owing to the freezing over of ArchanRel
bay and the interrupted transit of sup
plies through Sweden
Evening star., 1915-12-29
to Take seaman's Exams.

SAN FRANCIScO. December 2s-
sixty Chinese members Of the crew of
the China mail liner China expect to take
the able seaman examination today under
the La Toilette seamaHs act. They are
the first of their race to take this test,
although nearly 1000 men of other ma
tionalities have already been granted GER
tificates.
Evening star., 1915-12-29
ROOSEVELT WARNS
AGAINST PAC|F|STS
Sounds Preparedness Note in
Paper Read Before So
Geological Society.
HIS DEFENSE THEORIES
ARE CALLED FALLACIOUS
Prominent Speakers Object to State
ments Made by Former
President.

In paper by Col. Theodore Roose.
welt, read to the American Sociological
Society today, a strong word for pre-
paredness was spoken and a warning
against pacificists was sounded, and
following the paper. which was read by
Chairman Edward A. Ross. several
speakers declared that the Roosevelt
theories Of national defense are "faIla
cious." The title of the paper by the
| former President was Social Values
and National Existence and under
! this heading he drew picture of small
nations that had failed to arm them
selves. and, found their people over
whelmed by the aggressive rush of con-
quering enemies. '-rr-!'
Bringing the argument down almost
to the minute, he referred to the lat
est attempts at disarmament in these
words:
I'm the thirteenth century Persia had
become a highly civilized nation, with
the cultivated class of literary men
and philosophers, with universities
and great mercantile interests. These
literary men and merchants took
toward the realities of war much the
same attitude thatris taken in our own
country by gentlemen of the stamp of
..
Ford. Unfortunately. for these prede-
cessors of the modern pacificists, they
were in striking distance of Genghis
Kahn and his Mongols, and, of course,
as invariably happens in such a case,
when the onrush came the pacificists'
theories were worth just about what a
tissue paper barrier would amount to
against a tidal wave"
Discuss Roosevelt idea.
Following the reading Of the paper,
several widely known persons dis
cussed the Roosevelt idea that pre-
paredness brings peace. among them
being DIR. John Mez of the American
Peace Society; Miss Mabel Boardman
of the American National Red Cross,
Prof. E. c. Hayes of the University of
Illinois and Prof. J. Q. Dealey of Brown
University.
Mez said that he took it that Col.
Roosevelt thinks that the only thing
worth while discussing is the question
of national preparedness" This. said
DIR. MeZ, would turn the American
Peace Society into an armament league.
There is fallacy in Col. Roosevelt's
theory" he said, (which is common to
all militarists and those who think it
is necessary to maintain ornaments for
peace purposes. These people overlook
the question of attack as well as de-
Tense, and devote their argument to
the question of Defense"
Statement Is Applauded.
There was applause when he spoke of
the ancient methods of brute force
advocated by Col. Roosevelt" and also
when he declared:
"The general idea that Belgium, Per-
sia and Poland and other countries
have suffered is no reason to believe
that the instruments which have caused
that suffering should be increased"
Miss Mabe! Boardman spoke a word
nlanity" done by the Red Cross:
Il agree in the idea of necessity for
national Defense" she said, but where
is the line to be drawn between pre-
paredness and militarism. Engiand's
idea Of national defense lies In a navy.
Evening star., 1915-12-29
DR.. Eusebia Bracamonte Of Salvador
Urges Compulsory Court Of
Western Nations.
Other Speakers Believe Tribunal For Entire
Hemisphere Would Incite Europe to
Similar Arrangement.

Arbitration all disputes between the American
the keynote important addresses odays section
of the American Scientific Congress- held in hotel
and other audorums all the city, and cooperation all
branches OF endeavo between North South and Central
Americans the outstanding feature OF all OF them
While delegates engaged scientific discussions in
the sections which the has been divided the general
subject political binding all the
striking idea advanced the conferences and unoca
the hotels other meeting places.
Evening star., 1915-12-29
Serious Contagious Diseases
Unknown on This Continent
Before Arrival of Columbus

Serious contag gious diseases. such as
tuberculosis. smallpox, measles. were
unknown to pre-Columbian America,
but were brought to. America by the
conquerors, said Paul Popenoe. editor
Journal of Heredity, American Genetic
Association. al the joint meeting this
morning of section /. anthropology.
with the International Congress OF
Americanists in the auditorium of the.
New National Museum. :
When brought by the conquerors, he
said, these diseases Immediately began
to kill the natives much more rapidly
than they did the Europeans. among
whom natural selection, by eliminating
the least resistant in each generation
for many centuries. had produced a
strong resistance. %
/ In the markedly different death rate
or native Americans and Europeans,
with respect to- these European dis
eases" he said, Eve can see evolutisns
in man actually in operation. and
working rapidly to produce a more
disease-resistant race in the new world
Whites Fittest to Survive.
THE high death rate of negroes In
the United States from tuberculosis, as-
contrasted with the death rate Of,
whites. offers another illustration Of
natural selection work. In the light
Of such facts, it would be erroneous
to suppose that evolution in man has
slowed down or ceases; in some direc-
tions it is probably proceeding more
rapidly today than ever before"
There has been much error and loose
statement on one side or the other on
the subject of the aboriginal popula-
ton OF America, said James Mooney,
ethnoiogist. bureau of American eth
nology. The claim for a dense earlier
population, he said, is based chiefly an,
ignorance of Indian living habit. add
the error of assuming as cotempora-
neous in occupancy settlement remains
belonging to widely separated periods.
The argument for sta bility or increase
of the Indian population rests in part
on the error of beginning the calcula-
tion with the beginning of federal re-
latfons with the tribes, ignoring the
centuries of colonization and disturb
ance which preceded that period, and
is also colored to some extent by de-
and civiliZing efforts.
Need of Legal Definition.
Another source OF confusion in this
direction. he continued, is in the inn
proper designation as Indian" for ad- /
purposes. of any individ-
ual who can establish even the most
remote and diluted Indian ancestry. He I
explained the need of an Official or at
least an ethnologic- definition OF An In
Evening star., 1915-12-29
GASOLINE IN FIGHT
7. ON THE PRESIDENT
Advance May Be Effort to
Stave Off Tax He
Proposes.
HOUSE EXPECTED TO ASK
PERTINENT QUESTIONS
Leaders of Industry Believed Trying
to Scare Administration by
Abnormal Price.

The suspicion is said to exist
in congressional quarters that the
current furry over the increased
cost of gasoline nay have some
bearing upon P ident Wilson 5
proposition to impose a tax OF
l cent a gallon upon that product.
to assist in providing revenues
for the government. The ques-
ton is being asked whether the
powers supposed to exercise
well, say. an influential interest
over the great oil industry OF the
United States are seeking to stave
of, congressional action which
would place a tax on their output.
by hosting the price to an abnor-
NAL point, thus giving, it is suS-
gested. an object lesson of the un-
desirability OF further adding to
the expenses OF the users OF gaso-
line.
OF course. it is added, this
NAV be a base suspicion leveled
against a worthy, ii not eleemosy-
nary institution. but some OF
those evil-minded persons in Con-
gress are said to be capable OF
entertaining such dark thoughts
about corporations which control
the output OF this necessity of
modern life.
Some Pointed Queries Predicted.
One thing appears to be certain now
and that is that when the administra-
tions proposed revenue bill Is brought
up in Congress, containing. IL it does.
in accordance with President Wilson'S
recommendation, proposed tax or
gasoline, some very pertinent inquiries
will be made upon the cost. price ana
control of the oil output Of the country
When the Supreme Court of the Unit
ed States handed down it's decision dis
solving the oil trust the plain people
may have thought that the millennium
had arrived in the oil trade and that
prices would again be subjected to
competition. What really happened,
as Wall street knows. was that the
stocks of the component parts OF the
original trust, thus separated by tine
dissolution, advanced in price and the
cost of oil and its refined products has
continually increased.
1t was intiinated today in congress
sional quarters that this phase Of the
present situation may be looked into
by Congress in the course of the gen.
eral inquiry into the bounding price of
gasoline.
Foresee Sweeping Investigation.
1t was prophesied that before the
end is reached sweeping investigation
of the progress of the oil business.
since the Supreme Court handed down
its memorable decision, may be made
with the view of ascertaining whether
that decision has accomplished In fact
what the government sought when 1t
entered the original suit.
Practical men in Congress say, how
ever. that they can see one possible
difficulty ahead. With improving busi-
ness conditions. in which the oil in
dustry is sharing with others. 1t is =.
will not be in sympathy with any pro-
ceedings that might hamper the oil
business.
However, there are others in Congress
who will be just as solicitous for the
consumers of oil as for the producers.
and they. it was said today, will not
"be asleep at the switch.
Evening star., 1915-12-29
Evening Newspapers l,2lO,665
Morning Newspapers 230,74O
Excluding Sunday
Sunday Newspapers $4,000
The Trend of All Advertising
Is Toward the Even
ing Newspapers.

The Evening Star
alone frequently prints
more advertising of local
merchants than all of the
other Washington papers
combined.
Evening star., 1915-12-29
Paris May Have More Lighting.

PARIS. December 20, :o5 a.m-Gen.
Michael Joseph Maunoury. military gov
ernor Of Paris. In statement given to
the Matin. expressed the opinion that the
capital might be moro brilliantly lighted
without adding to the risk Of air raidsI
Evening star., 1915-12-29
U-Boat Flew Austrian Flag,

LONDON. December 29.-The subma
rine which appeared on the surface
shortly after the French steamer Vile
de la Ciotat was torpedoed OFF the Is
land Of Crete few the Austrian flag,
according to q dispatch to Reuters
Telegram Company from Malta.
Evening star., 1915-12-29
New Year Mail to the Trenches.

PARIS, December %. ) :0o a.m.-The
central military post Office yesterday
handled 100000 parcels containing New
Year gifts for soldiers. One hundred and
eighty thousand of the parcels were car
ried free. This is believed to be record.
Evening star., 1915-12-29

Statisticians figure that
five souls make an av-
erage family. There is
only one place where all
FIVE can be reached-the
freside.
Evening star., 1915-12-29
Gravity of Situation Realized.

81 fully realize the gravity of the in
dictment of myself and my associates.
bet | am not worrying in the least
about the outcome" said MIR. Taylor.
The organization has no reason at all
to fear investigation. We welcome It.
have communicated with one of our
counsel, and our fight Will begin
against the indictment"
1t is understood that Mr.. Taylor's ref
erence to officers of the council meant
Henry B. Martin, it's secretary. and
Herman Schulteis of Washington. d. c.
Representative Frank Buchanan OF
Chicago and H. Robert Fowler. former
ly representative from Harrisburgh.
ILL.,. had not signified early today
whether they would make their ap-
sioners in their respective districts or
in New York. There is question
whether Buchanan can claim immunity
from arrest on the ground that he Is
member of Congress. The Law states
that congressman "shall. I'm all cases.
except treason. felony and breach OF
the peace, be privileged from arrest
during attendance Of the sessions Of
their respective houses."
1t was learned today that these indict-
ments do not conclude the work Of gov
ernment agents but that a new grand
Jury will be sworn in Tuesday to take up
the work of bringing to Justice the per-
sons whom the government believes to be
at the bottom of various alien conspiracies
Matched in this part of the country since
the beginning of the war. A government
official said that yesterdays indictments
were Just a good beginning" and that
further developments may be expected
within few weeks Labor's Peace Coun-
Gil was not identified with these other
alleged plots it is said.
Evening star., 1915-12-29
The Trend Of Advertising

(Reprint of full-page an
nouncement of the New York
Globe in the Editor and Pub
Usher, a New York trade paper,
issue of December 25.)