Evening journal., 1915-02-20

( Il thousand years ago, and we owe our
/ Liberties not so much TO the increase
/ of intelligence, great as IL has been.
and the diffusion of knowledge and
I education. as 10 the sturdy resistance
of those upon whom absolutism was
sought TO be worked
1T was the resistance OF the barons
that wrosted the charter from King
John. II was the resistance OF tic
common people that overthrow the
Stuarts. II was the resistance OF "om-
battled farmers" who fred the shot.
whose echo sounded round the world
That overthrow the tyranny of King
George. And It will be the resistance
OF the plain people of America. this
fday and generation that will ihwari
ana destroy and make null all The at
icmpts of any set of men. whether ihcv
bc majority or a minority TO control
their liberties and destroy their free
dom
institutions. Mr. President. that
have been erected and grown up during
all these struggles arc what protect
freedom and-libcrty today throughout
the world wherever they obtain. Pc
novolonco will not 40 H. Tyrants arc
benevolent; kings are benevolent:
monarchs arc amiablc. They do rot
desire the suffering or the unhquqi-
ness Of their subjects But viii that
make YOU moro content. Mr.. President.
10 live under a monarch or a despot-
ism, that the personal character. and
the temper of the monarch are such
that in all private contact he Is love
ly and amiablc and attractive? No.
Mr. President; VIC do not hold our
liberties upon the rcasonablcness Of
the majority
I'VE do not hold our liberties upon
the reasonablonoss Of the majority any
more than we hold them upon ,hc
b good will or bcnovolence of an IN
I dNidual tyrant. We have suror muni-
- mcnts of freedom than that. and I'M
less We maintain them-and God viii
5 ing We will maintain thCm-ihcn We
b shall lose all they were intended to
e. guard"
Among other things Senator Gray
said that the proposition was violent
assault against home rule i'm the
I United States. adding.
The measure is obnoxious TO every
sentiment OF American freedom II
: must go hand IN hand with the alien
and sedtion laws and with censor.
] ship OF the press"
- Again in 1893. the Senator from
- Connecticut. Mr.. Plat. introduced an
@ amendment TO Rule TX which IN Ci
feet, established ClOturc rule II wa,
n opposed In a remarkable speech b'
a the late Democratic Senator from In
y diana, Mr. Turpic. who, among Other
b. things. spoke ar follows.
q "lt Is very often said sir. that th,
C majority I'm this country rules--l havl
n heard It repeated once or twice IN thl
discussion upon the question Of clio
n ture-and. therefore that the maiorit
"a I'm this body should rule That state
Il ment Is much TOO broad, whether
Il be applied TO the whole country O
.y 10 tine Senate OF the United States.
nj is much better made in this way an
A. can be only truly made in this way
OF The Will of the majority eXptesse
r.. under the form OF law. or I'm the for
H. of law. or by the form Of law, OF
nd accordance with the form of law. gO'
I'M erns I'm this country and governs
IN this body as will be seen in the 81
n- quel.
"Tho first form OF law TO which IN
t, majority is subject is the COnstiutio
f.. Of the United States. and with resneG
=, 10 this body the second form of la'
Is IFS own rules. The majority
N This body controls its acton when nc
n ton is taken. u passes q bill or do
~ feats a bill. But the majority in thi
~ body has never decided either whe
y, action shall be taken OF whether cC
=. tion shall be taken at all. That ha
. always depended upon the unit th
smallest possible minority. II is IN
y, smallest conceivable minority of thl
body which determines the questiO
/. when action or whether action sha
be taken
IL heard this BODY characterized I'll
other day as voting body. I disclah
O. that epithot very distinctly / ha,
s. heard it described elsewhere as a q,
's batting body | disclaim tha; wit
lu equal disfavor. This body is best ii,
" termined by its principal characters
e. tic. The universal law and genius
IS language have given name 10 th
10 body derived from It's principal attr
D. butte. II is deliberati,c body I'll
deliberativc body in the world.
VI Now, voting is Pn incident to d
81 liberation. and debate is an incidel
of to deliberation. but when body
pr chiefly characterized as deliberativ
re there is much deliberation apart fro
discussion and debate. and who'll
apart from wha' is called the busincl
he of voting.
"Thc essence and the spirit OF
or body like ours. now over a ccntul
d old. may be best gathered from 4
re rules OF action. the body of law 20
lis orning IL. always very small, 70
very brief or the u rules proper
ir. affecting parliamentary procedure
as this body II relate to the subject
ne dclibcration More than ono-half r.
late exclusively TO that subject. an
have nothing To do with debate
he voting / suppose that the form
lis law under which the will OF the M
tn iority must control embraces at lea
IS the rules which govern us. Here
SO Rule XXI. ono which touches
FL! every day. I think il is the mo
at frequently operative Of any in Il
he Senate"
on Senator Turpie then quoted the ru'
nd giving list of the motions that ci
It's he made when question is uni
discussion. of which the prsvio
question Ia not one.
as II will be observed. Mt. Presidol
a that in all these discussions on Z
sm question of introducing tho prpvio
III question into the Senate of IN. Unit
nc States, the ablest speeches that W,
his -