davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29

who carried it by storm September
/, 1881, gave the city over to his
exasperated troops, and the blood
shed was appalling. Deportations,
executions and confscations of prop
erty followed on grand scale and
not until 1856 was martial law with
drawn. The year 1862 saw similar
uprisings in the Polish capital and
the Russian government felt COM
PEELED to use the most stringent
measures to crush the clergy, the
landed nobility and the turbulent
artisans and educated classes. Sci
entific schools and high schools were
closed, monasteries and nunneries
forcibly emptied, and hundreds Of
Russian officials called in to take the
places Of the Poles.
But the change brought astonish-
ing prosperity. Cracrow grew moldy
under Austrian rule. The Polish lands
seized by Frederick the Great never
prospered under the "Germanization'
policies of his successor. Poland's
high-strung nobility had ever been
its bane. Russia exterminated the
aristocrats pitilessly, and the Polish
common folk, denied political liberty
but freed from obligations to the
owners of the soil, found chance for
advancement in industry and COM
merce. Warsaw is their city, despite
its Russian governor general and
Russian army corps. It is the me-
tropolis of Russian Poland, a city Of
800 900 inhabitants, magni1cently
built, proud alike of It's glorious past
and of it's factories, it's wharves and
its wonderful park system. BY virtue
Of it's railroads it is the key to Rus
sias interior. In Germany's hands 1t
may be to the car what Won Moltke
called Metz to Franco dagger at
the heart"
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29
WARSAW A GREAT PRIZE.

The city of Warsaw for winch the
Germans and Austrians have shown
a willingness to expend thousands Of
lives and millions of dollars, is prize
well worth taking. Besides having a
tremendous moral effect upon the out
come of the war, its possession means
much to it's holder for Warsaw is a
thriving city of 1000 people who are
extensively engaged in business and
manufacturing.
Originally the seat of the dukes of
Masovia, for nearly 200 years War
saw was the capital of the Polish re-
public, succeeding Cracow in 1909,
when Swedish influence began to be
dominant In the Polish court It
thrived amazingly, although its pos
session was continually disputed by
the Swedes, the Brandenburgers
(Prussians), Russians and Austrians
The Swedes captured it in 1856 and
lost It to the Poles the next year
In 1857 Sweden held it again, this
time for seven years, but never was
the land free from the curse of war
Augustus II. elector of Saxony and
elective king of Poland (1697-1733)
Impoverished his two kingdoms to
embellish and adorn his new capital
and his successor Augustus III. con-
ttnued the Identification of the city
Throughout the eighteenth century
warsaw's was the most brilliant
court in Europe, save that at Yer.
sailles, and it's university and it's
conservatory Of music were world
famed.
In 1894 Russian troons first occu-
pied the city to assure the election
to the Polish throne Of Stanislaus
Poniatowski, paramount of the EN-
press Catherine. 1t was the prelim-
mary to the first partition OF Poland
nine years later. In 1894 the Rus
SLAMS took it again, by storm, and
there was bloody massacre in the
Praga, the suburb on the right bank
of the Vistula The next year. in
the third partition, Warsaw was CIV
en- to Prussia In 1906 French
troops under Napoleon occupied the
city and the conqueror set up his
grand duchy of Warsaw as a prom
Use of independence to Poles he hoped
to lure into his battalions. In 1909
the Austrians took the city, but were
driven out after Wagram. Since
February, 1873, when the Russians,
having vanquished Napoleon in the
SHOWS of the interior, poured west
ward to aid in crushing the first en-
rire at Leipzig, the. car has held
Warsaw for his own. Only once,
from November, 1880, until Septem-
Der, 1881, have the freedom loving
Poles been able to call the city theirs
The Russian general Paskevitch.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29
rHE GERMAN CARTEL.

when the payne-Aldrich bill remov-
ing the Sc per ton tariff on sulpnate ~
ammonia which is used by the Ameri-
can farmer in his fertilizers, was en-
acted optimism ran high. Accoruihs
to all the natural laws OF economies
snlnhate of ammonia would immedla.e-
" cost Sc less per ton. But the results
were no less startling than the preolc,
lions. for when the Sc duty went on
the initial price suddenly went UP Just
eyactlv s6 per ton. Summed up, the
net results obtained by soncltous
congress were to relieve the oilteu
States government of an annual lnlpoi.
duty Of $4,000, to leave the Amer loa ~,
farmer with exactly the same nhahciai
burden. and to contribute 80 extra W
the prosperity of the foreign merchah'
for every ton of sulphate sold. some
where over in Germany SOMEBODY IS
having a good laugh because OF the
childlike credulity of the American.
Neither republicans nor democrats,
II seems were aware that Germany nao
long ago decided against letting the
natural law of economics stand pc
tween her and a thriving foreign trade.
The German merchants band together
into what is called cartel for car
rvino German made goods into foreign
lands because Of its efficiency and saw
ing in operating costs. In other WORDS
the German government encourages
monopoly. and the removing OF the
American tariff meant nothing more
nor less than that the trade could now
stand a boost in price, monopoly
price always being based upon the
theory that the price yielding the max
hmm return is the proper schedule.
without lessening the demand In any
way for tariff commission to study
the tariff question as whole 1t mas
been pointed out that the trade COM
mission, now that the plight has been
exposed. can aid to some extent by re-
commentators to congress. II 1t IS
wrong for our own merchants to prac-
tice price determinations through mon
opoly control, it certainly must ne
equally wrong for the German cartels
to do It. A foreign trust law is needed
to protect the American merchant from
the foreign combination In the same
sense that the Sherman law was de-
manded in the public interest
The case of sulphate just happens to
be an excellent example OF the miscar-
rage Of good intentions, which will oc-
cure frequently so long as congress at
tempts to make laws for the United
States without knowing what Is going
on in the other half Of the world. Chi
>cago Tribune.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29

few years ago one of the Boston school
houses was surmounted by weather
vane which was struck by storm and
bent so that north arrow pointed north
east. The principal was quite unable
to get the superintendent of buildings
to attend to it. However, politician
owned some houses in the neighbor-
hood and the tenants complained that
the weather vane was useless. The
great man, therefore, put his shoulder
to the wheel and a workman soon ap-
peared who took down the vane. He
let it fall from the building and It
broke a few states and was twisted In
the process so that it had to be sent
to a repair shop to be replated. It was
then decided that the roof must be
completely reslated After working all
summer and two weeks In the fall, the
vane was finally put up again - roof
all remade and vane regilded - at q
total cost of $3.50. Nevertheless. after
all this process the vane still pointed
northeast instead of north
This is graft pure and simple. The
cities and states are losing another hot
of money because they enter upon such
a variety of services and functions 70
quiring expert people and then appoint
incompetents to carry on those Jobs.
Undertakes are superintendents of
sewer construction; unsuccessful law
yers become inspectors Of factories;
hardware dealers are selected to be
heads of fire departments; book agents
are promoted to be assessors Of taxes.
Conditions are somewhat better in the
federal service where nobody can be a
water engineer who does not know
something about hydraulics, but in the
states and cities we are forever putting
round men into square holes. That
costs money. In the aggregate it costs
immense sums Of money.
A different kind of waste Is the loss
Of opportunity and incentive to rising
young men. A great democracy like
ours ought to encourage young men
and women to prepare themselves for
these numerous and important public
services. Why should we spend mil.
lions on high schools and state univer-
stiles If those who there prepare them
selves to be engineers and social work.
ers are to be passed over in favor of
those who have worked the political
side of the government? Why should
the American people as whole de-
mard so much less than their moneys
WORTH
onal Editorial Service.)
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29

Germany is proving so efficient In
warfare, whatever the rest of the
world may think of the merit of her
methods that we are prone to for
get the marvels of efficiency she has
wrought during the recent years of
peace. Americans are, perhaps, more
than any other people reluctant to
emulate Germany in the art of war,
have perhaps more reason than any
others to initiate her In many of her
ways of peace. One of those ways has
long been employed in the economical
and intelligent administration of NUM-
cipal affairs by means of officials train
ed to intelligent management and Sc
cure in the positions on the score of
their continued efficiency. Instead OF
paying low price and getting the best
article, we pay very high price for
our governments and accept an inferior
article.
AS nearly as can be figured out the
people of the United States pay about
$25 per capita for their state, national,
and local governments. This Is about
SIPS per family as much as fourth
of the annual outlay of some millions
of families. Still nobody objects to
such taxes if they buy services enough
to make them worth while Everybody
knows, however, that there is a lot Of
easy work in the federal departments;
and that state civil service Is full of
soft jobs and useless commissions. Our
cities suffer from habit Of putting a
$1,000 man in a $4,000 job, where he
wastes $4,000. The city is not willing
to pay man $4,000 and keep him be-
cause he can earn that money.
Many American cities are not much
troubled by actual stealing, but there
are always small pickings somewhere.
The big leak in such cities Is in ap-
pointing third rate men to do the work
Of first rate men. The head Of a street
department may be perfectly honest
himself and yet waste hundreds Of
thousands of dollars, because he does
not know how to organize and use Ia
borers. City work is VIGOROUSLY more
costly and poorer than private work of
the same kind 1t ought to be cheaper
and AZ the same time better because
the city has the best of credit, does
things on a large scale and could COM
mand the services of the most highly
trained experts.
The thievish things that can be done
by some city officials are incredible. A
Copyright, 1918, by Nat
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29

the yarn.
Smith and Jones look much alike and
are frequently taken for each other.
One day Smith was in certain big
hotel not thousand miles from Kan
sas City and went into the dining room
for dinner. The negro waiter busily
brushed off the crumbs and said:
why, how Is you, Mr.. Jones, how
is you? rs glad to see you. hasn't
seen you since I waited on your table
when you all used to have little
game upstaihs.'
I'm afraid you are mistaken" said
Smith very quickly "My name isn't
Jones. You have the wrong man.
huff said; huff said,' smiled the
negro, with much bowling and scrapng.
"Ah knows all right when to keep nah
mouf shet; All knows all right, Mr..
Jones'"
On the way to the office Of his pub
fishers one crisp fall morning, James
Whitcomb Riley met an unusually
large number of acquaintances who
commented conventionally upon the
fine weather.
When greeted at the office with
Mice day, Mr.. Riley" he smiled
broadly.
Yes" he agreed. yes, I've heard it
very highly spoken Of
At an examination in a school in
Cincinnati the teacher was SO pleased
with his class that he said they could
ask him any question they liked.
Some queries We're put and answer.
ed Seeing one little 81 boy deep In
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29
Even then he may fall

save his life. Even then he may fall
into we'll.
II people would only learn to at least
keep themselves afloat in the water
thousands of lives would be saved
every year.
A great many of the victims of the
Chicago river disaster of Saturday
were trapped in the overturned steam
er Eastland where even swimmer
might have had no chance. But hum
dreds of others--mostly women-were
merely thrown of the decks into the
water. Had they been able to keep
afloat for even q period OF few min
utes, the hundreds of rescuers who
we're almost instantly at work, could
have saved them.
For your own protection, learn to
swim. For your children's protection,
teach them how.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29
MINERS TRAPPED
BY AN EXPLOSION

Christopher, ILL.,, July 27.-Nineteen
miners were trapped in one OF the en-.
frances Of Moderwell Mine No. / hero
today by an explosion Of gas. It ID
thought that all persisted.
Six miners, badly burned, made
their way to safety. The accident
occurred 400 feet below the surface.
Five hundred men are employed IN
the mine, but they use several en-
frances and only few were at the
entrance near which the explosion
occurred.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29

The Sheldon Commercial Club re.
Gently raised some money to be used
In encouraging the dragging and care
OF rural roads, When they began to
talk to the farmers about it their at,
tention was forcibly directed to the
fact that the roads that needed most
care were within the city limits. There
upon the commercial club withdrew
their reward money and decided to be-
gin the work of improving at home.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29
The name Nogill does not appear in
available maritime records.
SUBMARINE Fires BACK
Morse Sailors Are Given Five Minutes
TO Escape Before Their
Ship 10 Destroyed.

Amsterdam, July 27.-The Norweg-
ian bark Harboe was attacked and set
on fire Sunday by a German submar-
inc. The crew, which has landed here,
was given five minutes to get into the
boats. The captain says he saw three
other boats on fire near the spot where
the Harboe was attacked.
The Harboe was three masted
bark built in 1878 at Port Elgin, N. B.
She was owned by H. J. Stangebye
LOT Christians
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29
BANK DEPOSITS GROW.

Deposits In Iowa state and savings
banks on July 6, 1915, amounted to
@325,S12.711, an increase of $685.
215.06 over deposits in the same banks
on July l, 1914, according to the state
ment Issued today by the state banking
department.
The report is more favorable than the
statement of year ago. The increase
In capital stock has been $1,916,O00; de-
crease in overdrafts, $474,973.37; total
increase in assets $14,719,547.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29
AUTO SKIDS AND
DRIVER is KILLED

Chicago, July 27.-D. Russell
Greene, one of the founders Of the
firm of Truax, Greene & Co., was kill
ed last night when his automobile
skidded on a road near Dyer, Ind, and
turned over. Misses Fay and Marion
Miller of Lake Forest and Fred Champ
lin Of Chicago, who were with him,
were seriously injured. The party
was on it's way home from Cedar Lake
and Greene was driving the car.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29
STRIKE AT ARMS
PLANT STILL ON

Bridgeport, Conn, July 27.-The sit
uation at the Remington Arms and
Ammunition factory and the several
plants where machln.
lists, millwrights and structural iron
workers resumed their strike, because
of alleged refusal of the departmental
heads in the arms factory to employ
all those who had been on strike last
week, remained unchanged today.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29
]. w. Neasham
EXCuRs|ON|sTs SCAR 20.
The Leading Jeweler
100 East Main

Louisville, KY, July 27.-vevay,
Ind, specials to Louisville newspapers
today say that three hundred excur.
sionists on the excursion steamer
Homer Smith were badly frightened
when the packet City Of Louisville
collided with the Smith in the Ohio
river near Vevay early today. The
GOODNESS of the excursion boats crew.
1t is said. prevented panic. Four
women tainted. Both steamers were
only slightly damaged.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29
INFORMERS TO GET
SMALLER REWARD

Washington, D. c., July 27.-Inform.
ers who aid the government to capture
and prosecute violators Of internal
revenue laws hereafter will get only
$40 instead of $50, as has been the
case. Treasury department officialsE
held today that $40 reward was SUI
ficient
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29

thought, the teacher asked him for a
question. The boy, with a very grave
face. put this one:
III you was In soft mud heap up
to your neck and was to throw q
brick at your head. would you duck?"
A lanky youth entered the cross.
roads general store to order some
groceries. He was seventeen years
old, and was passing through that
stage OF adolescence during which q
boy seems all hands and feet and his
vocal organs, rapidly developing, are
wont to undergo sudden and involun-
tary changes from high treble to low
bass.
In an authoritative rumbling voice
he demanded OF the busy clerk, Give
me can Of corn" (then, his voice
suddenly changing to shrill falsetto.
he continued) ''and = sack Of nour."
well, don't be In q hurry, I can't
wait on both Of you at once" snapped
the clerk.
A long-haired chap who walked
into the general stors at Arvada
asked, DO you sell stale sggs?"
NO. said the grocer, with q smile;
but I've got soma"
We'll. give mo ell you've got" said
the stranger.
The grocer, as he bundled up the
eggs, laughed and said, II guess you're
going to see Hamlet tonight at the
opera house."
NO" said the stranger, grimly.
I'm going to play Hamlet tonight at
the opera house. Field and Farm.
IT'S no use,' pouted little Freddy,
who had just completed his first week
at school. Il shall never go to school
again!"
But why?" asked his mother.
What's the use of going? | shall
never learn to SPELL"
What do you mean?"
We'll. how can I learn to spell
when the teacher changes the words
every day."
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29

The taxes in Europe are certainly
going to be terrible load when the
war ends. The people who are left
then, may claim that the debts are not
Of their making and refuse to pay
them. Then what will happen?
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29

Z. The most profitable display of en-
ergy Is to take on the activity nearest
at hand, not journey to some faraway
section to find job that will just fit
your inclination.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29

Economy does not mean getting the
lowest prices: 1t means obtaining the
best results for the least expenditure
Gage Readings.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29

Just keep cool and don't rock the
boat that President Wilson and the
kaiser are now occupying.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29

Success in life is matter not so
much of talent or opportunity as OF
concentration and perseverance.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29

Owning and padding your own ca
noe is wiser than being the boss Of q
steam yacht If keeping it af1oat drives
you into debt.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29
ID nm 9r
s tOri q y

Here is story about a diplomatic
negro waiter; also about two we'll
known Kansas men, who can go by the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29

The Eastland catastrophe calls to
mind the General Slocum calamity.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29

Drag the roads:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1915-07-29

Copyright 1915 by National Editorial service)
Bisbee daily review., 1915-07-25
STEAMER EkSTLAND
 SINKS NEAR DOCK

Continued From Page One) cry effort at rescue. One mother grasped two children in her arms as she slipped from the steamer into the water One child was torn from her.
Bisbee daily review., 1915-07-25
WAR STOCKS AGAIN ACTIVE; MANY MAKE
 NEW HIGH RECORDS
Bethlehem Steel Sells at the High est Price Ever Recorded on the Exchange for a Month; DNl- dend Paying Stock.

NEW YORK. July 24-War stocks were active again, and advanced ma terially Several made new high rec ords. Al the close Baldwin Locomo- tive, American Can, Bethlehem Steel and other issues which are reaping a harvest of war orders near their best. Bethlehem Steel gained seven in the day and twenty-one for the wee. American Can sold at new high figure of 591k. Bethlehem steel was again a feature of strength and sold at 209ia, which is the highest price for non-dividend paying stock ever sold in the New York exchange. In the outside market another non dividend mercurial specially, Elec- tric Boat. scared 97 points Co 363, the preferred jumped seventy to 325. The total was 30000O shares. Trading in bonds was in moderate volume on unappreciable changes. To- tai sales, par value S725,00O United States two's advanced half on call
Bisbee daily review., 1915-07-25
TABLETS

All kinds of tablets, letter and note sizes. Job Dept, Review office, Main Street
Bisbee daily review., 1915-07-25
GLANCE ILLlNoIs PLANs

SAN FRANCISCO, July 24- Mayor Thompson of Chicea. and all his party of about eighty prepared to leave tonight on a special train to Chicago foregoing the Chicago Day" celebra ton. Tuesday at the Exposition which brought them here Governor Bonne was unable to deliver the address at the celebration Illinois Day festiH ties were cancelled as soon as the news was received
 Thousands who gathered inthe mi nois State Building stood with barred heads while hte band ofthe First Re simeut of the Illinois National Guard played Nearer My God to Three. Memorial services insted of festivities will probably be held Tuesday whicl is Chicago Day. The governor anC mayor both sent messages of sorrow to Chicago Flags about the State Building were ordered at half mas for ten days