davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-01-14
GOOD
ROAD
ELIMINATE ALL ROAD GRADES
No Team Should Be Required to Pull
to Its Maximum Capacity-'n'
te. esting Comparisons.
(By w. c. PALMERO

(By w. L. fAl-MHiN
The average cost of hauling a ton
one mile on the ordinary country
roads is 25 cents, while the average
price OF hauling one ton one mile on
the railroads Is q cent. In other
words, the cost of hauling Is 50 times
as much with team and wagon as Win
steam. This has been accomplished
by a number of factors. Some ol
these can be and must be considered
in making good roads, that Is. to ma
a good hard roadbed and to eliminate
grades. The railroads do not, as
rule, have grade of more than three
per cent. while some Of them nave
adopted two per cent as the maximum
Grade. Two per cent would mean
ri of two feet in a hundred lee'.
This v ould not be considere much Oh
a grade on the ordinary road, but this
is the way 1t works out.
A team can exert a pull on short
distance of one-half its weight Out
for ordinary work the load 1t can pun
should not be over one-tentn tne
weight of the team. for instance
team weighing 5000 pounds can exert
a pull of 300 pounds when 1t is to con-
tinue the work for, say, ten hours
For small stretch it would be aple
to exert a pull of 800 pounds. ms
however. is putting forth all the eher'
gy of which the horses are capable.
1t has also been found that the pun
IL tNy
nary roads Is 100 pounds, SupposlnS'
then, that the load is one ton and the
wagon weighs | 300 pounds. this would
make IA total of 1900 pounds. AT the
rate of 100 pounds a ton the total pun
would be 264 pounds. or a little less
than the team is capable OF hauling.
In fact, il could very nicely hanole
500 pounds more, which would bring
the pull up to 300 pounds. and make
the load $500 pounds. This, however
is for the level AS a grade Is ap
preached this. OF course. will be IN
creased A five per cent grade would
Increase the draft Of the wagon ana
load of 1900 pounds by 3l5 pounds
BRINGING it up to $40 pounds, which Is
almost twice what the team can han
die as regular thing. If the grade
Is increased to 20 per cent. or ~ teet
in 100 feet the draft on this same
load would come to a little over l.3oo
pounds. or the maximum that TINS
team could pull when eyerting IFS Ut
most power. ANY grade beyond thls
would mean that the load would have
to be reduced, ard in fact no team
should be required to have to pull to
its maximum capacity. From this II
Is evident that increasing the grade
increases the draft very fast ana
hence grades should be eliminated as
far as II IS possible.
On a macadam road team can pun
three times as much on the level as
on the good earth road, but the In
crease In draft for grade remains the
same as on the earth road, so that
grade would be more Objectionable on
a macadam road than on poor road
On the level a 3,000-pound team could
easily handle four tons, while the
maximum grade that II could pull W
with such a load would be ten pei
cent grade and even that is more than
should be expected from the team
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-01-14
WAY OF MARKETING APPLES
New England Growers and Worked
Well for Both Parties.

The objections to marketing apples
in the old way, through commission
men, has always given rise to much
complaint A new scheme has recent
" been tried by New England apple
growers.
Under this plan the farmer sells his
apples outright to the commission
agent for an amount less than their
full value. The agency then disposes
of the product for as high price as he
can get At the end of the year he
settles with the grower. The amount
formerly paid the farmer, as well as
storage and transportation costs, are
de Quoted from the gross selling price
The remainder Is divided between
farmer and commission agent.
The plan. wherever tried, has
worked we'll for both parties. The in.
difference of the agent to everything
but his commission Is done away
with, for his profits increase with each
increase in the selling price of the APP,
pies. The new plan has not been very
widely adopted as yet, but it is thought
that when its advantages are fully
known 1t will largely supplant the old
slipshod method.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-01-14
MEDICAL SCIENCE AND WAR
Vast Advances of Recent Years Have
Greatly Reduced the
Mortality.

While the war in Europe is by far
the greatest in the history of the world
and the destruction of life cannot fail
to be tremendous, there is satisfaction
In considering that, on account OF the
vast advances that have been made
in medical and surgical science in re-
cent years, the percentage Of loss will
be greatly reduced.
In the Franco-Prussian war the sur
geons looked upon the infection Of
wounds as matter OF course. They
regarded the presence Of the attendant
pus as a necessity, and as long as the
pus was what was known as "laud-
able" they were satisfied with the con-
dition of the patient. Other patients
developed another form of pus,
streptococcal, which caused the doc
tors of those days gravely to shake
their heads and prepare for the death
of the patient. Even the best hos
pitfalls were not properly ventilated
and were filled with the foul odors
emanating from infected wounds and
gangrene. All this was considered un.
avoidable. At that time suppuration
and kindred complications in wounded
men were regarded as of spontaneous
origin, although the researches Of
Pasteur had already pointed the way
to general understanding of germs
When at length purulent infection was
found to be the result of germs disin-
fectants were brought into use. Car
bolic acid was the agent generally en-
ployed at first for that purpose, and
the attendant success in treating
surgical injuries and in performing
operations where carbonized dressings
were used and the air was subjected
to carbonic acid spray, caused the
most profound Scientific
American.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-01-14

Europes demand for horses will
continue, say experts in the United
States department of agriculture, long
after peace has been restored. War
Is an Unsuitable consumer of horses
and the available supply must be di-
minishing so rapidly each day the
present conflict lasts that it is in
evitable that there should be {; great
scarcity for agricultural purposes
later on. AS soon as international
commerce can be restored TO a peace
footing, therefore, the European coun-
tries are certain to look to America
to supply a great part of this lack.
The department of agriculture.
however. does not recommend Amer
lean farmers to purchase a surplus OF
horses merely in or1cr to breed them
to meet this prospective demand. 1t
Is much better to secure good mares
for the ordinary farm work and then
breed them to good stations. Only
horses of high quality may be profit
ably raised today, bat there is no
reason why such animals should not
be used for farm as well IS breeding
purposes.
While inferior horses are always a
drug on the market, the demand for
serviceable animals appears to be al
most unlimited Together the United
States and Russia possess 5S per cent
of the world supply, and Russia will
need all that it can raise itself. The
United States, therefore, must furnish
the bulk of the animals needed to re-
place those consumed by the present
war. War is even more destructive
to horses than to men. In his report
for the year 1865. the quartermaster
general of the United States army
stated:
The service of cavalry horse I'M
der an enterprising commander has
averaged only four months" During
1864 there were 500 horses consumed
per day in the Northern army, with
out considering those captured and
not reported. During eight months of
that year, the cavalry of the Army of
the Potomac was remounted twice,
nearly 10000 horses In all being re.
CURED. During his Shenandoah Val
ley campaign Sheridan was supplied
with fresh horses at the rate of $50
per day. 1t must be borne in mind,
moreover, that the numbers engaged
In the American Civil war were small
compared with those under arms in
Europe today.
Leaving out for the moment the
question of remounts for military pur-
poses, it is said that for complete
mobilization the German army re-
quires 10000 horses and the French
army 100000 The figures for the
French army probably include only
those for the cavalry and do not take
into consideration the needs of the
full artillery the transport service and
other military uses to which horses
are put. The great majority of these
animals are not included in the per
manent military organizations but are
employed during peace in farm work
Now that they have been withdrawn
from the farms to die of wounds, eX.
haustion or starvation, tremendous
imports will ultimately be necessary
Farmers in the United States should
prepare to meet this demand.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-01-14
Autumn Planted Trees Are Best

The department of horticulture OF
the University Of Missouri has con-
Quoted an investigation to determine
the comparative merits of autumn and
spring planting Of apple trees. The
results have shown that autumn
planted trees have, In the last five
years, made uniformly more Wig
orous growth than spring planted
trees.
In one year autumn-planted apple
trees made double the amount of new
growth on all their branches which
was averaged by the spring planted
trees. In another season SO per cent
more growth was made by those
planted in the spring.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-01-14
SUDAN GRASS GIVES PROMISING
RESULTS AS A MARYLAND
FORAGE CROP.
NICHOLAS SCHMITZ.
Maryland Agricultural Experiment
Station.

1t has long been an acknowledged
fact that Johnson grass would be
very valuable hay plant In the South
if it were not for its persistent agrees
sion as an obnoxious weed after once
introduced in a field, This fact has
led the Office Of Forage Crop lnvesu-
cations and others of the Department
of Agriculture at Washington to search
for a type of Johnson grass that would
not after once introduced persist as
weed AS result seed was obtained
in 1909 from Mr.. K. Hewison, Director
OF Agriculture and Land of the Sudan
Government at Khartum. The seed
was planted and the crop from the be-
ginning showed It's value In fact, 1t
seemed to be just what agrlculturists
had been looking for. The Maryland
Agricultural Experiment Station has
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-01-14
FROZEN COMBS SHOULD BE
GUARDED AGAINST.
See That Your Hens Do Not Roost In
Exposed Places Or To Them.
selves.
ROY H. WAITE,
Maryland Agricultural Experiment
Station.

One of the hardest things to do dur.
ing a cold snap is to keep the combs
of the poultry from freezing. This is
true more especially of some of the
larger cOmbed breeds, like the Minor.
cas-, Leghorns, etc. 1t, perhaps, does
not injure the value of bird to any
great extent, SO far as breeding quail
ties are concerned, to have part OF us
comb frozen Off but it isl't very pleas
ant to the birds nor do they look so
well afterwards. 1t is very serious
defect in show specimen to have its
comb frozen and poultry fanciers take
extra precautions, such as taking the
birds in tie house or other warm
places on cold nights, or amounting
their combs with vaseline, to keep
them from freezing.
Where more than one male is roost-
ing with the flock, one is always boss
and usually keeps his meeker COM
rades from roostng with the rest OF
the flock. Roos ting alone, even though
the place may not be exposed badly,
they do not get tie advantage OF the
body heat from the other birds and
their combs freeze more quickly Like
wise, few fowls roosting in a big
space are not able to cons erve their
heat and suffer accordingly on cold
nights. We have found, however, that
even with open front houses, if the
roosts are placed at the rear of the
house, with droppings board beneath,
and the roof fairly low, and are kept
we'll filled with birds, there is little
danger from combs freezing.
Vaseline is recommended after the
damage Is done If the bird is found
with comb still frozen 1t should be
thawed out very slowly, using cold
water or snow. Apply the water with
q cloth or the snow direct. When
thawed out anoint with vaseline. Often
the wattles will swell up like a couple
Of eggs and in this case they can be
lanced to let out the collected serum
and relieve the birds.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-01-14
Wedding Gardens.

The plots where early peas, rad
ishes, ETC., were raised, If they have
not been planted to late crops the
good gardener will always do this
however,, should be cleared of weeds
and old vines. These places may serve
as weed breeding grounds to cover the
whole garden next year. Finally weed
patches serve as hiding places for in
Vulnerable insects Eggs are depos-
tied there and the alternating insects
find such places refuge from their
bird enemies.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-01-14
RIGHT WAY TO PLANT TREES
Carefully Prepare Soil and Dig Holes
Deep Enough to Accommodate
Roots Without Crowding.

In planting trees ! am careful first
to prepare the ground well. Holes
are dug three or four feet In diameter.
or wide enough to accommodate the
roots without doubling them up, writes
Carl Schoneweis Of Jefferson, Okla.
in Farmers Mail and Breeze. The
roots are kept moist by pouring water
over them The tree is leaned slightly
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-01-14
Cross Marks Show W here Tree Should
Be Pruned Before Setting.

in the direction from which the pre-
vailing winds come. then rich, fine
earth is packed firmly about the roots.
| cut back the trees TO give the roots
better chance, then prune the tree
as 1t grows to make 1t grow straight,
and produce a well shaped head Cut
limbs off close to the trunk and they
heal over properly Wounds should
be painted over to keep fungous di
seases from getting start.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-01-14

Good roads" says A. p. Sandles
of Ohio, will help country churches
country schools and country life.
Three cornerstones we cant do with
ont"
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-01-14
Success With Poultry.

Care is that part of the routine OF
poultry culture which bestows kind
hand on the tender younglings: to sup
ply their little wants with a view OF
promoting thrift ard good health.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-01-14
One BAD Road ADVANTAGE.

.)ne advantage of bad road in
front of your farm is that you will
not be bothered much by the dust
kicked up by passing automobiles
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-01-14
Simple and inexpensive.

The road drag is the simplest and
least expensive contrivance yet de.
yised for maintaining earth roads.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-01-14
Vermont's System.

Vermont has decided to return to
earth and gravel roadmaking in the
less-traveed highways.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-01-14
Add to Selling Price

Good roads in your vicinity add to
the selling price of the products OF
your farm,
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1915-01-14

Did you ever see a woman who had
built up flock of snowy Wyandottes
or Leghorns? II she was proud OF
what her chickens did for her before
they were pure breds. she is doubly so
when they are. Hardly any more
promising field for an Independent in
come is open to woman who knows
how to handle chickens than that OF
getting pure-bred stock and building
up a trade for breeding stock. Poul-
try Week, January 1928, 1915, at the
Agricultural College, is the time for
her to get acquainted with the best
breeds, methods of breeding and how
to handle pure-bred stock to ad-
vantage There is no industry in
which a trained mind and skilled
land work together better than in the
breeding and raising of poultry.
Fresh blood in your f1ocks Is neces-
sary If you expect to raise strong
chicks next year. Inbreeding will soon
ruin flock
Children Cry
FOR FLETCHER'S
G a 8 TO RIA
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-04-09
NOTICE OF SALE OF LAND.

Notice Is Hereby Given, That I'm.
der authority of an order Of sale
granted by the Honorable H. C. Brad
ley. Judge of the County Court Of the
County of Eurleigh and State OF
North Dakota, dated the End day Of
March, 1915, the undersigned, the
guardian Of the person and estate OF
Everett Schmidkunz, a minor, will
sell at private sale to the highest
bidder, for cash, subject to confirma.
ton by the Judge Of said County
Court, the following described land,
to-wit:
An undivided one-sixth interest in
and to the Northeast Quarter (NE 1-4)
Of Section T%hirty-two (32), Township
One Hundred .Forty-one DAD, North
Of Range Seyenty-six (76), West.
The sale will be made on or after
the 10Th day Of April, 1915.
All bids must be in writing and
may be left at the office of Newton,
Dullam & Young, in the City Nation
al Bank Building in the city OF Bis.
marck.1 North Dakota, or filed with
the Judge of said County Court, or
delivered to the undersigned person
ally.
Dated March 25th, 1915.
CARL SCHMIDKUNZ,
Guardian of the Person and Estate
of Everett Schmidkunz, a Minor.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-04-09
Rheumatism Cure.

The old-fashioned person who car.
res a potato in his pocket to ward of
attacks Of rheumatism may be wiser
in what some have termed his super.
stition" than we wot. U~p-to.date
medical science in a recent book on
"The Therapeutic Value of the Pc.
tato" calls attention to the value Of
this tuber in the treatment Of inaam.
nation Of the joint fluid %(synovit1s),
govt, lumbago and rheumatism. The
potato is not described as an article
Of diet, either boiled or baked, nor as
German, country Of French fried. 1t
could scarcely be professional to pre-.
scribe anything quite SO much to a
patients liking. But this curative
agent may be used raw by means of a
bandage, and in some cases-no one
can now escape the little syringe-is
to be used hypodermically. After all,
however, the potato in the pocket will
appeal to many as a simpler, conven.
lent, and perhaps quite as eficacious
q remedy, placebo, or amulet, as any
the pharmacist may provide.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-04-09
DANGEROUS !, BIRDS OF PREY.
Some American Owls Capable Of Car
\ irylno OF Young Lamb, So Power
ful Are They.

One Of the largest Of our American
varieties Of the owl family was shot
on q recent Saturday in Connecticut
by a German workman. Its wings,
spread out, measured four feet eight
inches--only four inches short of five
feet-from tip to tip. Its claws,
hooked like an eagles, and very sharp.
were fully an inch and q half in
length.
Such an owl II quite capable not
only Of selling and bearing Of a full.
grown rabbit (Which is its regular
prey, but q young lamb-and possibly
q small baby.
It's flights. silent as the thistle
downs that floats in the September
air, ia swift as as arrow, and the
hapless hen OF rabbit is first apprised
OF what's up" by the plunging Of
those terrible talons into its quivering
flesh and muscles. BY the silence Of
their fight, these nocturnal birds Of
prey are able to destroy q great many
rats.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-04-09
MADE TOO STRONG A BLUFF
nyihleaf eSst That Kansas Man D.
scrlbsd Has Been the Bans Of
His Married Life.

Il made one serious mistake when I
cour.ed my wife," said a man insT1om
Thompson's hearing. = told her she
was too good for me, and that l had
been a pretty bad boy. but II she would.
only have, me, I'd straighten up and
live q different life.
Nov, the fact Is ! wasn't a very
bad teller and I just put that kind ,of
q storysover because most girls like to
think they hare great Influence for
good over bad boys. But after we got
married my wife watched me like a
hawk. She got confidential with all
my old friends and tried to find out
all about what ! had been doing the
years before she came to town, and
when she couldn't run anything down
on me she became imbued with the
belief that ! was a very sly knaye be.
sides being as wicked as I had led her
to believe l was.
""She is suspicious Of every move j
make, and it's getting OF, my nerves
to such an extent that the peace and
quiet Of u happy home is in danger.
And its all my fault. / tried to be
smart and make her think, 1 was a
helova Teller and that Twas reform.
ing all for, her sake. Now, ItbelieXe
she would like me better il she could
dig up some old scandal on me to
justify the blur ! put up, to her, when
was keeping company with her. But
next time I'll know better, he said
with, a long sigh.-Kansas City. Star.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-04-09
.scHlcAGo

HOGS-Receipts $4,000; firm, SC to
10c higher; bulk $500 to $6.97k;
light $G.70 to 81; mixed $3.50 to
$7.O2h; heavy $3.50 to 81; rough $3.50
to $685.; pigs $3.50 to $3.50.
CATTLE-Receipts 5000; slow;
native beef steer Sc to $500; western
steers $5.65 to $3.50; cows and heifers
SO to $3.50; calves Sc to $S.75.
SHEEP-Receipts 10000; : steady;
sheep $40 to $780,. lambs $3.50 ia
$40. so. ~
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-04-09
NOTICE TO CREDITORS.
In the Matter Of the Estate Of Georg

In the Matter Of the Estate of George
Ward, Sr., Deceased.
Notice is hereby given by the un-
dersigned Penina e. Ward, Admins.
.tratrix Of The Estate of George Ward,
ST., late of the town of Baldwin, in
the County of Burleigh, and State of
North Dakota, deceased, to the credi-
tors of, and all persons having claims
against said deceased, to exhibit them
with the necessary vouchers, within
six (6) months after the first publica-
ton of this notice, to said adminisura-
trix at her residence, in the town of
Baldwin, in said Burleigh County.
Dated March 17th, A. D. 1915.
PENINA E. WARD,
Administrative.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-04-09
- .
. LIVE ST0cK .
ST. PAUL.

HOGS-Receipts $780,; strong to SC
higher; range $3.50 to $3.50; bulk
$3.50. - e
CATTLE-Receipts 1900; killers
steady; steers $3.50 to $3.50; cows
and heifers $3.50 to $3.50; calves 25c
higher, 1925 to $7.75; stockers and
feeders, steady, $4.25 to 81.
,SHEEP-Receipts 400; steady;
lambs 81 TO $3.50: wethers $5.25' to
$7.75; ewes So to $3.50.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-04-09
This rate is strictly cash in advance
HOW TO BLIND ADS.

/ All ads signed with numbers, or
initials. care. Tribune must be an:
sWered by letter addressed to the
number given in the ad. Tribune en-
ployes are not permitted to tell who
any advertiser is. Mail or send your
answer to Tribune No. --, and We
forward it to the advertiser.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-04-09
TRANSFER AND r

We have %uneQualed facilities for
moving, storing and shipping house
hold goods. Careful, experienced men,
also retail ice and wood. WACHTEK
TRANSFER CO. Phone 81; Office.
NO. 20l Fifth St.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1915-04-09
HELP WANTED FEMALE

HELP WANTED FEMALE
WANTED-A neat German speaking
girl, of. fair education and living at
home for office work /. Address SCI
Tribune. :
WANTED-A good girl for general
housework; good wages. No. 5
Thayer St, Phone $50.
|WANTED-A girl for general house
work, at SIG 9th ST. Phone 477lU
WANTED-A girl for general house.
work. Apply at Stacy Fruit com.
pany. or phone 447:1I.
WANTED-A girl for general house
work. Mrs. Csrnfel. Phone 691.
WANTED- Experienced girl for
homework. Apply to Mrs. r. c.
Battey, 514 First street.
WANTEb-A girl for general house.
work. Apply at Office of Bismarck
Elevator & Investment CO., over
Bismarck Bank.
WANTEb-A good girl for general
homework on farm. Address, Mrs.
w. F.. Breen. Phone s40SB.