davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1915-01-10
EArrz effBADrs eAHRIAeI COVERING.

addition, clothes must be kept scrupu-
lously clean and dry. There should be
summer and winter weight garments
and plenty of additional wraps should
be put on in winter before taking the
child out.
This is particularly true Of babies liv-
Ing in overheated apartments and
houses, where heavy underclothing is
especially inadvisable. In summer the
fewer clothes the better. diaper and
little slip are all that are necessary
and, If the baby be protected from flies.
often the slip may be dispensed with.
Diapers are the most troublesome part
of baby's equipment-and the most i'm
portant The constant washing, which Is
absolutely necessary, is an frksome task
which can be destroyed has been discov-
cred. Perhaps the most successful ar
rangement is to use an outside diaper OF
cheese cloth, or some other soft material,
with an absorbent pad This pad can be
destroyed, or. if that is impracticable; at
least 1t can be washed with much less
effort than the entire diaper.
Dry sphagnum moss, inclosed in cheese
cloth, has been found to make satis-
factory absorbent pad; or any soft.
Loosely woven mater al may be used. Ex-
periments are being made in the manu-
facture of absorbent or ''bibulous' papers.
as they are called in the trade, and it Is
hoped, the bulletin states, that there will
soon be on the market a satisfactory, ef-
fectlve and cheap pad. which may be de-
stroyed. even if an entire paper diaper
does not prove possible.
x
The nursery should have a bare floor
and painted walls; if possible. with no
heavy draperies or dust collectors of any
kind. The heating system should be
readily controlled and gas and oil stoves
Evening star., 1915-01-10
Arrows in Modern War.

OLD man-killing devices have besn
~ brought into use in this war. Hand
grenades are being thrown by troops
just as in the long past time they
were hurled by those troops called
grenadiers. Mortars are being fired.
and this carries mems thoughts back
to the history of early wars. and espe-
cia!ly to the American civil war, when
these short guns, throwing bombs at a
high angle. were used by armies in the
field. No doubt the hand grenades
and mortars in use today are of high
er efficiency than those used in other
wars. but they represent IL reversion
to principle which military men con-
sidered in the discard.
The arrow, or the dart, has also been
brought into this war. thrown, of
bowstring. but dropped from aero
planes. They are being dropped by
French aviators on German troops.
Gravity is the only force employed to
drive these missiles to their mark, and
the pointed end being heavier than
the shaft the projectile fall point fore
most. The dart is about the size and
shape of pointed lead pencil. The
lower third is pointed and solid, while
the upper two-thirds are so construct
ed that a cross-section shows a cross
instead of a circle, thereby securing
lightness
1t has been reported that their eff
fectiveness is not great. A German
military writer has said that on re-
cent night a number of these missiles
were discharged upon company of
pioneers, none o. whom was injured.
Thuds were heard as the arrows struck
the earth, with an occasional Kissing
sound as the air was parted. In the
morning fifty of the missiles were pick
ed up
Grunbaum, a German medical writer,
is quoted in the Medical Record as re-
porting on one fatality from these
darts. An officer was struck on the
shoulder, the arrow passing down
through the diaphragm. Another report
is that of a German soldier who had
his foot pierced and pinioned to the
ground by a dart. and which a COM
rade extracted.
Evening star., 1915-01-10

been furnished US. one to take care
of the military papers, the uniforms
doorkeeper and has strict orders to
let in no idle or curious people VINO
proved very troublesome in the be-
ginning of our work here.
These two petty officers receive no
salaries from us, only their meals. We
carry on our pay roll two persons;
first, the young resident physician,
whose salary is 100 marks month. and
sixty marks monthly. There are other
nurses living n the house, but we pay
only their board
1--WE have sixty-five beds and pay
to the pension which is running all
the housekeeping department the
agreed sum of 4.30 marks per head for
each soldier. We furnish all the
extras, such as hospital SUITS night
handkerchiefs, hospital linen. band
ages, cotton, canes, crutches, tonics
and medicines. The average cost of
patient per day amounts to a few pen
MES less than six marks-something
like 5.97 MARKS, or less than Sl.5O.
"The initial expenditure of changing
a private house into lazarett amount
ed to several thousand marks. Aside
from the first handsome contribution
made by the transient American colony
in August, we have received no fur
ther subscriptions from Americans in
Germany. Most of them are hard up
and have to economiZe.
Thanks to the generous help from
headquarters. we are free from care
for the next five or six months God
grant that this frightful war may be
over by that time.
1--WE have sent very many appeals to
all parts of the United States. We
expect to receive a great deal OF
money in answer to these appeals.
ready to start for the front near Metz
and open a large American Red Cross
hospital for seriously sick and wound-
ed who cannot be transported as far
as Munich. l have friends at work in
Evening star., 1915-01-10

the afternoon and then kept out until
the rooms have cooled in the evening.
While on the subject of babys outing.
a word about carriages is not amiss.
and Mrs. West wakes eloquent on the
subject. She recognizes the advantages
of the folding go-cart. which can be
taken on the street car when getting
baby from place to place. But she finds
it extremely bad for baby when he is
left in it for any length Of time. 1t is
too small and cramped, does not allow
for proper wrappings. she thinks. and
keeps baby 50 close to the ground that
he gets nothing but the lower and cold
air currents which are laden with
germs.
The proper carriage for general use
should be two feet high. should have
room for the baby in any position with
his proper wranpines. should have
strong, well balanced springs. and
should rest souarely on four wheels
Also it should have an adjustable cover
Moreover, it is better to let the baby
take his airing quietly in one place than
to move him around too much.
Proper feeding is one of the most
important elements in raising healthy
baby and insuring his proper develop
ment Statistics show the breast-fed
baby to be healthier, better developed
and endowed with more resistance than
Evening star., 1915-01-10

tabnshed hospital at 9 Prinz Ludwig
strasser. leasing the building and fitting
1t up so that as the wounded were
brought in from the front this, hospital
was the best prepared throughout the
entire war field to care for the most
seriously wounded.
Among the Americans on the com
mittee were Francis B. Willard of New
York, ]. H. Griswold of .4ilnois. Marion
Lindsey of Missouri. S. NJ Fem of
New York, Jacques Mayer of New
York, Mrs. Charles Cahier of Indiana,
c. F. Thayer of Massachusetts,, John
T. Bauer of West Virginia, Julie A.
Lentilhon of Pennsylvania. Maud Fay
of California, Frank b. Herman of New
York and Lawrence D. Benton OF Cal
ifornia-
She has received valuable assist
ance and encour: cement in her work
from T. st. John Gaffney, the American
consul general in Munich, I'M Mrs.
Gaffney and from DR.. Colt, formerly
of Groton Academy In Massachusetts,
who has recently been in charge of a
boys school in Munich.
Many American women have mar
ried officers of high military rank In
the German army and, living In
Munich. have enthusiastically assisted
DR.. Nordhoff-J Jung in her work. One
of these is the Baroness Won Hammer
stein. another the Baroness Won Rup-
precht. whose home formerly was in
Worcester, Mass. Mrs. William Thaw,
a sister-in-law Of Harry K. Thaw. has
been one of her most eager helpers.
Miss Maud Fay. San Francisco girl.
who is prima donna of the opera in
Munich. is another. Miss Loween Pat
tee. in charge of the girls school in
Munich, also has been of great assist
ance, as well as Fraulein Hanfstangl,
a sister Of the famous art publisher.
The head nurse at this hospital is a
graduate of the Johns Hopkins Train
ing School and was formerly superin-
tendent of an American hospital DR..
Bisseu, who succeeded DIR. Colt in
charge of the Boys School, and DR..
kuehnrich of Los Angeles, secretary
of the Red Cross in Munich. have been
invaluable in the cooperation and as
sistance they have given.
In notifying the Red Cross head
quarters of her intention to go to the
front, and soliciting support for the
great labor of mercy. DR.. Nordhoff-
Jung reported hat French. English
and German seriously wounded are
crowding private houses as well as
hospitals
"Our hospital, which goes by the off,
cial name of Vereins Lazarett Won
Amerikanischen Rotten Kreuz.' is
placed under the garrison lazarett. Of
which we are q branch" she says.
This military hospital furnishes US
our patients and "eeps in very close
touch with us. Two petty officers have
Evening star., 1915-01-10

of sterilizing and pasteurizing milk
and all milk should be either pastuer-
ized or sterilized, unless certified milk
can be had. 1t tells how to care for
baby's food and keep it scrupulously
clean, and among other valuable sug-
s.stions describes a homemade icebox
that is within reach of the smallest
purse and will keep baby's milk as fresh
as the highest priced refrigerator.
Keep the baby clean! So many dis
cases regarded as the unacceptable ills
of childhood are diseases of dirt, pure
and simple. Half the intestinal dis
turbances. which are the bane of a
baby's existence, are due to insanitary
conditions, flies. mosquitoes, tainted
milk or the like. Keep his little body
scrupulously clean, his clothing and
his surroundings Keep his food
strictly pure, let a fly be an unknown
quantity. and you will do much to in
sure your babys health.
His welfare is SO bound up in the
hygiene and sanitation Of the home that
Mrs. West recommends for the perusal
Of the mother a whole list of bulletins
Evening star., 1915-01-10

they did not even get an opportunity
to take their accustomed daily walk
together.
Zeal to give herself to the utmost in
caring for the soldiers has been ex-
pressed in every letter, and in the last
she declared her intention of going
to the front where expert services are
sadly needed to save many lives that
are now being sacrificed.
Evening star., 1915-01-10

on such subjects which have been issued
by Uncle Sam. And keep the baby's be-
longings for his use alone. Towels.
handkerchief and the like arc great
spreaders of 'contagion. No such personal
belongings should be used by more than
one person, and this is particularly true
with baby. Use a paper handkerchief, If
necessary, and throw it away.
The bulletin advocates the compulsory
use of paper handberchiefs in the schools,
and for children in their homes, par
ticularly in the case of youngsters afflicted
and in the case of baby should be avoided
like the plague. Mothers have way Of
regarding whooping cough. chickenpox,
measles and kindred ills as part Of a
childs education, the sooner caught and
cured the better.
plain folly. Such "children's Diseases"
she says. are disastrous. They are apt
to leave a child with eye, ear and throat
troubles Of a serious character. and in
the case of very young babies the NOR
tality is frightful. She urges precautions
on the part OF healthy children-or,
rather. of mothers, in their behalf-and
isolation of those suffering from such
diseases until all danger of contagion is
over.
An interesting section of the bulletin
is devoted to baby's clothing and his
nursery equipment. The simpler the
clothes the better They should be
mate. If too warmly clad baby will
perspire; if his clothes are not warm
enough he will have cold hands and
feet or be blue around the lips. In
Evening star., 1915-01-10

)LDGERS ON BATTLE LINES OF EUROPE

Sophie A. Nordh Jung and Her Husband Have Established
German Allies lnes-Wmn Physician Declared Be Doing Most Efficient Work for
CossW mp RecoLectons Well Sympathy the
Wounds Aggravated Being Carried Long Distances for
Defending Where She Lived Played Girl
Evening star., 1915-01-10

IMP set up field hospital behind
the Gerrnan-allies' battle line
that the wounded may have
q prompt attention, a Washington
woman has gone to the forefront OF the
war
Dr. Sophie A Nordhoff- Jung has sacri-
feed a large practice here, built up dur
ing twenty years, with patients from
the White House. from practically all
the embassies and legations. She has
abandoned her carefully equipped operat-
ing rooms and elegantly furnished home
at 1929 Connecticut avenue, and since the
day war was declared has been doing
most efficient work for the Red Cross in
Germany.
Her husband, DR.. Franz Jung. is CO.
operating with her. Both are surgeon
specialists. DR.. Jung has been decorated
with the German Red Eagle for science
and with the Russian order for science.
Her purpose of establishing a battle
ground hospital, which she has reported
to the American Red Cross headquarters
here. at 18th and H streets northwest. is
fmpelled by tender recollections as well
as by sympathy for the suffering whose
wounds would be aggravated by being
carried long distances for treatment
She goes to ameliorate the sufferings
of those defe nding the very place in
as a little girl fhe most tender recol-
lections of her childhood gather
around Toul. AS a child of six she
was taken there with her sister, aged
eight. by community of nuns in
whose charge they had been placed in
Germany. After the religious war, the
Ku]turkarnpf, in which the iron cham
cellor, Count Bisms was leading
figure, these nuns were expelled from
Germany and took about 200 of their
little charges with them to other
houses of their order in France
DIR. Nordhon-Jung and her husband
were in Munich when war was declared
Within a week she had more than one
hundred American women resident In
Munich and members of the German
aristocracy enrolled in a training school
for nurses. which she established ir
rooms connected with the American
Episcopal church. Those whom she
thus taught have proved invaluable in
the care of the war victims.
DR.. Nordhof-Jung has for years beer
personal friend Of Miss Mabel T
'Boardman, executive chairman of the
American Red Cross European war relief
work. and of her mother Mrs. William
J. Boardman. Acting in cooperation
with the American Red Cross and a
the solicitation of the committee oI
American residents in Munich, she es
Evening star., 1915-01-10

necessary-good food. cleanliness and
fresh air. Sunshine is as essential for
the baby as for the plant; deprived OF
it he will droop just as the nlant does
Therefore, the room which receives the
sun for the longest period of the day
should be chosen for the nursery. In
mild weather the windows should be
kept constantly open night and day; in
be left slightly open on opposite sides of
the room, to secure cross draft, which
is always necessary to real ventilation.
When the cold is too severe. then the
windows may be thrown wide for a few
minutes, whenever baby is taken into
another room. This should be done sew
eral times during the course of the day.
Baby must be kept warmly dressed in
cold weather. of course. and shielded
from strong winds and drafts But the
more fresh air he gets the less liable to
Illness will he be.
An investigation has recently been
completed in England, which shows in a
startling fashion the value of proper
ventilation to babies. In thorough Eng
lish manner this investigation was car
towns well ventilated and i'll
ventilated houses were inspected.
houses belonging to families of
similar social and financial standing: with
dren under five years of age from diseases
OF defective development and malnutri-
ton. such as premature birth. atrophy.
debility and the like, were found to be
40 per cent higher in badly ventilated
houses than in homes where plenty of
fresh air was to be found. Thus did the
oxygen starvation of the mother react on
the unborn child, reducing its vitality at
birth!
Keep the baby out of doors. The bull
letin advises the mother to begin when
the infant Is two weeks old to take him
out for few minutes every day in mild
weather. increasing the time gradually
until he is staying out most OF the
time. Let baby lie in his carriage or
a crib. on the porch. on the roof. in the
back yard or any protected place. but
and mark this well-see that his eyes
are protected from direct sunlight-this
is as important sleeping as waking
and his little person from flies and mos
Quitoes.
A screened porch is the ideal place
for baby to stay. but II that is not
practicable cover his crib or carriage
with netting suspended like a tent over
a pole or line. so it will not exclude
tho air. Never lay a netting directly
over baby's face.
But with all zeal for fresh air, avoid
extreme, and use common sense. When
the weather is very cold, when snow
is melting. when it storms or when
there is a great deal of dust in the air
give the baby his outing indoors Dress
him as for going out, open all the
windows wide and let him remain in
the fresh air for some time.
When the weather is excessively hot
the youngster should be taken out early
in the day, kept indoors until late in
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-03-13

Inc Commercial Car Company un-
der the management of E. j. .Cayen-
der at Thirteenth and Walnut streets,
nave assumed the agency for the
brockway worm and chaindrive
trucks. Mr.. Cavender will specialize
on motor trucks, feeling that concen-
tratlon on one line of effort accom-
pllsheS better results and gives greater
satisfaction to the customer than if
diverse interests conflict. Mr.. Caven-
der. has had practical machinist eX-
peflence covering u period of fifteen
years with leading makers of motor
cars. This expert knowledge on truck
construction will be applied in the
personal supervision of all adjustments
and repair work. AS the service fea-
ture of the truck department is among
the most important considerations to
an owner this knowledge will be L
great asset to Mr.. Cavender in his
business. Mr.. Cavender is we'll known
locally, having been associated with
one of the leading automobile dealers
FOR some 'ime in the sales department
and is thoroughly familiar with all
branches of the automobile business.
j. X. Armstrong, who has for three
years had charge of the automobile
supply department with one of the
large dealers in this city will associate
himself with the Commercial Car Com
pany as road man on motor truck sup
plies
The Brockway motor trucks are
made by the Brockway Motor Truck
Company of Cortland, n. Y, concern
that has been building vehicles for
siXty-two years. When the motor
truck began to make inroads on the
horsedrawn vehicle, the Brockway
company adapted their splendid or
ganiZation to the change of condi-
tions and have since then attained q
reputation for making a truck that
stands in the front rank among the
| best.
| The Brockway trucks are powered
with continental motors. The motor is
located under the hood, making it ac-
cessible for adjustment of motor, car
buretor, magnetic, at the same time
giving the driver more natural driv-
| ing position and greater ease and free
dom in getting into and out Of drivers S
seat. Schebler carburetors are used,
| Bosch high tension magnetic on all
models. The transmission is of the
SelectiVe type of Brown-Pipe conStruC-
ton. Sheldon axles and springs, Bald
win roller chains and many other fea-
lures in construction equally as fa-
nous for quality. The body-b building
lis of the Brockway quality, embody-
ing the lifetime experience in fine car
Iriage building and painting of the same
standard. Three chaindrive models of
1900 to 1000 pounds capacity are
made ranging in price from $3.50 to
S1,950, and two ~ormdriven models
of $500 to 1000 pounds selling at ST.
800 and $4,000, respectively.
The Brockway trucks will be dis
played at the auto show in Kelker
street hall, being the first opportunity
to- inspect and compare the respective
merits.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-03-13
German Submarine Sends
Another British Cruiser
to Bottom; 200 Lives Lost

London. March 13.-The auxiliary
cruiser Bayano. a comparatively new
British ship. is the latest victim of the
German submarine war, having been
sent to the bottom yesterday morning
by torpedo.
The Belfast correspondent of the
Daily Telegraph says the Bayano was
sunk off Corsewall Point, Wigtown-
shire, Scotland, and nearly 200 lives
were lost, as the cruiser sank almost
Immediately. The vessel had a crew
of about 216 men on board.
The British admiralty in its state
ment on the disaster says:
"On the 18th of March wreckage of
the Bayano and bodies were discov-
cred, and circumstances point to her
having been sunk by an enemy tor
pedo.
Eight officers and eighteen men
were rescued, but it is feared that the
remainder of the crew were lost.
THE captain of the Belfast steamer
Castlereagh reports passing Thursday
morning a quantity of wreckage and
dead bodies floating in life belts. He
attempted to search for possible sur
vivors, but was prevented by the, ap-
pearance of an enemy submarine.
which gave chase for twenty minutes" F"
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-03-13

The trimming designs of closed
bodies at present aim to give as soft
cushion and back as possible. Fewer
buttons are used and the small biscuit
and the pipe-and-ppint are seldom
found on the new cars The super
seded designs no doubt kept the trim
ming in good order much longer, but
the present effort is to secure the
same soft effect in a new job as was