davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09
CITY MANAGER PLAN GROWS
The Commission Form of City Govern.
ment Being Carried a step
Forward.

Though the so-called commission
form Of municipal government had its
origin in Galveston, Iowa has done
much to popularize the idea. The Des
Motnes plan Of commission rule, which
Is a modification of the Galveston plan.
has been much advertised Several
other cities of Iowa have the same sys-
tenn in operation.
The city manager plan, which is
simply the commission plan carried a
step further, is believed by many to
represent the best thought on the sub
1ect Of city government. Under this
plan the commission chooses an execu
tive officer to carry out its policies and
holds him responsible for results OBJ.
tanned, whereas under the simple com.
mission plan the commissioners divide
the administrative responsibility
among themselves, each commissioner
taking the headship of department of
municipal service.
Iowa has shown its progressiveness
by making it possible for cities of that
state to add the city manager feature
to the commission plan. An enactment
OF the legislature at its recent sessions
permits cities governed by commits.
sions to adopt the city manager feature
by popular vote.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09
PROPER TOOLS FOR DAIRYING
Manure spreader Is One Of Most
Profitable Implements-SIlo Is
Regarded as Essential.

1t is impossible to give a specific
answer to the question as to what tools
dairyman should possess. Much de-
pends upon a mans pocketbook and
the possibility of his changing work
with neighbors to get the use of their
tools, and upon labor conditions in
general. For instance, a manure
spreader is one of the most profitable
implements for a farmer with any
amount Of dressing to distribute. Yet
1t is possible to handle the manure in
the old way If man simply cannot
buy spreader.
II you are dairying you ought to
have a silo, and that means a silage
cutter and an engine, unless you can
arrange with a neighbor to do the
work. If you raise potatoes in any
quantity a planter, sprayer, and sure
ly a digger, will perform the work
most economically. Yet it is possible
to get along without these. Ofnourse,
you would not expect to compete very
successfully with growers who have
such improved machinery. This class
Of tools is in use only a portion of the
year, and 1t ties up your capital to your
disadvantage If you have but little to
begin with. There are certain things
that every farmer is expected to have,
such as wagons, plows, harrows, NOW.
ing machine, hayrake, etc.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09

about one-half inch, and sewing with a
'aouble row of stitching. Then turn
the sack inside out, stuff with excel
sior moistened to make it pack solidly.
Get a strap long enough to buckle
around the sack, and fasten this to
the sack with straps of canvas sewed
Hcross 1t Zig g.. Prepare a stake
with a staple in its top Gig. d. and
arlVe one of these into the ground in
the proper place for each base.
usually almost anything at all serves
the purpose of home plate, in prairie
pail games, but if you want one of
regulation form. make 1t as shown in
Fig. TO- Taking square piece of plank
ting. III, cut off corners A, and notch
corners B; then cut a tapered stake
TO mt each notch, and nail in place az
shown in Fig 10.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09

amined and all rough edges carefully
MED down so there is nothing to irri-
tate the nose and keep it raw and
blee1ing.
When the animal is about two to
two and one-half years old, the light
ring should be removed and a good
heavy ring inserted. Iron rings should
not be used as they rust and keep the
bulls nose raw and sore. The best
are made of brass or bronze compost
don metal and do not rust.
lr tying up the bull by the nose.
one should be careful to avoid fright
eni1'g him, causing him to jump back
and slit the ring out of his nose. It
is safest to pass the tie chain through
the nose ring and then up and around
his horns and when he Jerks back most
OF the strain comes on the horns and
not at the nose.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09
FEED CALVES IN STANcHIoNS
Dlseouraaes Desire to Suck One An.
others Ears-Wooden Device Is
Entirely Satisfactory.

There are several good reasons for
feeding calves in stanchions. The
calves can be fed their milk, then
their grain, and after they have eaten
the grain they will lose their desire
to suck one another's ears. A
stanchion made of wood will be entire
ly satisfactory. 1t should be made
from 8 to 31a feet high and 18 to "a
inches from center to center, with the
neck space to inches wide. 1t is
built in the same manner as the old
style rigid stanchion. The calf should
be fastened while eating, but loosened
from the stanchions after it has eaten
its grain. The calf pens and stanchions
should be built in the south side of the
barn, where plenty of sunshine and
light can be had. There is no disin.
fectant that will take the place of
sunshine.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09
START TRAINING BULL EARLY
Inserting Nose Ring Is Simple and
Short oPeration-compositlon
Metal Does Not Rust,

A bulls training must be started
early. A light weight ring should be
inserted in his nose when he is from
nine to twelve months old, but under
no circumstances should he be led by
the ring until three or four months
after so that the nose can heal up
we'll.
Inserting the nose ring is a simple
and short operation when properly
done. First tie the bull securely to a
post by the head and horns. then take
a common trocar and cannula, well
sterilized, and push It through the
thinnest part of the membrane that
separates the nostrils, withdraw the
trocar, leaving the cannula in the open.
ing. Put one end Of the opened ring
In the pointed end Of the cannula and
then carefully withdraw cannula.
which brings the ring into the open.
ing and after closing ring and putting
In the screw, the job is done. Before
the operation, the ring should be ex-
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09

penter work necessary is the fasten-
ing together of the cover boards with
a couple of strips nailed across them
as shown in Fig. 5.
The box must be covered to con.
ceal the roughness of the boards. A
pretty figured cretonne looks we'll for
the outside, and a plain colored lining
is best for the inside.
Fig. 4 shows how cloth pocket
and elastic tapes should be tackled
to the inside of the cover; also how
to make spool rack by driving nails
into the cover and slipping rubber
bands over the nail heads Zig. 81 to
keep the spools from dropping off.
A bolster roll to encase the pillow
is quite the proper thing for a girls
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09

with very coarse sand or gravel or
broken rock and on top of this three
or four inches of light soil, the whole
covered with a heavy coating of dry
sand.
"A floor of this kind will resist
dampness unless the house is built
In low or swampy place No matter
where located the ground should be
thoroughly drained on all sides of the
mouse on the outside. OF course the
ideal dry dirt floor is made by first
laying tiled drains at the depth of
about six inches, Is inches apart the
entire length of the house, extending
out ON each side from six to eight
feet. This will absolutely prevent
dampness.
The open-front houses may he
adapted to the small flock of the farm
or to any number of birds by simply
multiplying the units. This form of
poultry house has been tried in all
climates and has proved more salts
factory than any other.
In the extreme northern states
where the thermometer falls to manv
degrees below zero it is well to pro.
tect the birds at night by a thin mus
lin curtain attached to a roller which
may be rolled up during the day and
let down at night but in moderate
climates this protection is not at all
necessary. A muslin curtain should
be of such texture that the air NAV
pass through 1t, otherwise drafts
Will be caused and drafts are posI.
lively the most harmful conditions
that can affect poultry.
The open-front curtained poultry
house has been thoroughly tried at the
experiment stations of Maine, Mime
sota' Montana and in other states
where the temperature falls to 20 do.
grees or more below zero, and with
excellent success.
In those localities where tbere 10
little snowfall but excessive moisture
during the winter months, the cur.
tains should be left Off for in these
cases they are sure to hold damDness
in the house.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09

pieces B. Eight feet square is a good
Bize for this frame, but make it wider
u you can. Cut a notch in each end
OF uprights A, also one in the center
OF the length, OF the right width and
depth for the horizontal members B
TO ut In. Then place the uprights A
apon the ground, and spike pieces B
In their nOtches. Before raising the
name buy wire netting and staples.
and cover it.
Have several boys raise and support
me framework on the spot it is to oc-
eupy, then quickly drive stakes C into
the ground, and connect them and up
rights A with diagonals D, and the
ends of D and A with pieces e.
Base sacks almost as good as the
Oest to be bought, can be made of
eight or ten ounce cotton duck, stuffed
with excelsior Gig. g.. Fig. 8 shows
a diagram for cutting the cloth. Use
doubled coarse linen thread. Sew
up all but one end, tapping the edges
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09
AMOUNT OF FEED CONSUMED
Quantity Eaten by Hen in Year and
Cost Given by Maine Expert.
ment Station.

The question as to the amount NJ
reed hen will eat is best answered
by the following interesting figures.
The Maine experiment station IN
the course of recent tests extending
over period of one year. found that
hen in this time consumed 80 pounds
OF grain and meal mixture. 40 pounds
OF oyster shell, "a pounds of bone .
pounds of grit. "a pounds of cbarcoaI
and 10 pounds of clover. These ma.
terials cost the station $1.45. This ia
about the average cost per her. for
most poultrymeI. although we have
met people who have done even bet.
ter than this. 1t is perhapr higher
than the average farmer pays to feed
his hens, but it is a fair estimate for
those who raise chickens as a bnsi.
ness
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09

A good poultry house need not be
expensive. 1t can be made of rough
boards of any kind. II floor is used
1t should be made of double thick
ness of planks with a sheet of build
ing paper between. The sides and
roof should be covered with heavy
tar paper, battened down over all the
cracks, the essential thing being to
sprevent any drafts whatever.
The roosting closet should be sep
srate from the laying room and
scratching shed. Hens should never
be fed in the rOosting closet nor
should the floor of the closet be coy
cred with straw, as this gathers
dampness. Many successful poultry
men do not use dropping boards at
all but clean the floor every day,
which is, all things considered, prefer
able. OF course, If the droppings are
allowed to accumulate on the floor
the conditions will be as bad as If
allowed to accumulate on the drop
ping boards. Cleanliness is ALWAYS
essential and whether the dropping
boards are used or not the roosting
house should be kept perfectly clean
and dry at all times.
by sprinkling little dry earth or
sand on the floor the droppings may
be removed in a few moments and
the floor can be kept clean with very
little effort.
The laying nests should be ar.
ranged in an apartment adjoining the
roosting closet and here the birds
may be fed. This laying and scratch
ing shed should be entirely open to
the south, the front being covered
with wire to prevent the intrusion of
rats and other rodents.
A box of grit and a box of dry road
dust should always be kept in the
scratching shed. No matter how care
ful one may be fowls cannot be kept
entirely free from vermin without
having constant access to dry dust.
1t is their natural way of protecting
themselves from vermin and If they
are confined without being allowed to
dust themselves they are sure to be
affected.
Nests should be placed at least two
feet above the floor with a board so
placed on an incline that the hens
can easily walk up to the nest instead
OF being compelled to fly up. Young
pullets heavy with egg are often in
1ured by flying up to, and down from
nests placed too high.
Nests should be arranged with
movable bottoms SO that the contents |
may be frequently removed and the |
nests kept perfectly clean. The nest
should not be less than IA inches
square in size, particularly for the
larger breeds of birds.
No attempt is made here to 20 into
the scientific considerations of poultry
houses used by fanciers or very large
poultry breeders, but the information
given is intended for the benefit of
the small flock raiser, the farmer or
suburban dweller.
The ground plan of the poultry
house shown here is 12 feet by 30
feet, and is divided into parts each 12
feet by 10 feet.
The compartment on the right is
used as a winter roosting and laying
place.
The center as a scratching shed in
winter and shelter from rain and
sun during the summer.
The room at the left is used during
the winter as a place of exercise and
In which to feed mashes and to water
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09

bed, and a roll like that shown in
Fig. is not difficult to construct. Get
two barrel hoops for the ends. and
three wooden strips one half inch
thick and one and one-half inches
wide with which to connect them Zig.
lO). The length of the strips should
equal the width of the bed the roll
is made for
The diameter of the hoops must be
made II inches from outside to out.
side. Remove the hoop fastenings.
turn in the ends until the right diane.
ter is obtained. and renal (Figs. 8
and 81. Connect the hoops with the
strips, spacing these equidistantly
around the inside.
Two-thirds of the framework must
be covered with cardboard, the other
third is left open. Cardboard boxes
may be used for covering material
Bend this around the framework. be.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09
THREE GOOD POULTRY HINTS
Supply Of Grit Is Essentlal-seleet
WeIl-shaped Eggs for Incubator
Hatch Chickens Early.

Unless the hens have access to a
free run on graYelly soil both oyster
shell and mica crystal grit should be
supplied where the hens may have
free access to it. If a free range is
available the oyster shell will be suffi.
Client.
In selecting eggs to place in an in
cubator only average-sized, well-shaped
eggs should be used as extremely
large or small eggs or eggs that do
not conform to normal shape will in.
variably hatch a low percentage of ir.
regular-sized chicks.
Early Matched chicks will mako
more rapid growth than late hatched
ones. If one wishes to sell breeding
stock this is a decided advantage
Also If one wishes to market part of
the chick crop as broIlers and roast.
ers the market is best for those
hatched early in the season.-Farm.
T's Review
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09

each room to come down next to this
wire In stormy weather or cold nights.
From c, G, to top Of the house Is
planked up solid except the windows,
as shown in A, A, AID. D, d, the
nest boxes under the dropping board
N.
There are two rows of nests-one
facing the scratching shed, the other
facing the right-hand room. A trap
nest may be arranged very conven.
iently here.
E is a drop curtain in front of the
roosts in the winter department,
which is to be let down at night. F
is the roosting poles in the winter
quarters.
G is the roosting poles in the sum.
mer roosting quarters.
H, H, the doors of poultry netting.
/, the little door that leads from the
scratching shed to the end room.
J, cut straw scattered on the floor
Of the scratching shed in which to
scatter wheat, rye, oats and corn.
K, the dust box.
L, the drinking fountain.
M, M, M, the floor which should be
Of sand and gravel.
N, the dropping board in winter
roosting department.
A house Of these dimensions should
be nine feet in front and seven feet
tall in the rear. 1t may be made of
any stun at hand, or to suit the
builder.
Many successful poultrymen prefer
dirt floors, but unless these are prop
erly constructed they will become
damp and muddy and a source of
great annoyance to the person in
charge of the flock and a danger to
the health of the birds themselves. A
dirt floor should be filled in above the
level of the ground at least four inches
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09

:, using Ike inch turing strips" lap.
ping the ends, and reinforcing the
connections with strips of tin Gigs. 2
and %. Then buy enough chicken
wire netting at the hardware store to
cover the frame.
For hanging the screens in place,
purchase a pair of hooks and a pair
II screw-eyes. for each, and screw the
eyes into the top edge Of the frame,
and the hooks into the top of the win.
dow frame.
A wire covered backstop will not on
y save you boys lots of chasing after
passed balls" and fouls" but also
give protection to adjoining property.
Fig. shows the completed frame
Nork. The first portion to build is the
front frame, which consists of the two
zx4 uprights A, and three horizontal
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09
IDEA IN ORNAMENTAL POSTS
To Maintain Proper Alignment Prop.
erty Owner Builds Them
Over the Gutter.

In planning to place a pair of orna.
mental pillars on opposite sides of a
roadway intersecting a thoroughfare
In front Of his grounds, a property
owner found that the posts would be
out OF proper alignment If erected
back of the curb line as had been in.
tended. To overcome this difficulty
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09

There would be less objection to va.
can't lot ball games If adjoining prop
erty owners could be relieved of their
fear OF broken windows. Show an
owner thfs article, and call his atten-
tion to Fig. l. that he may see exactly
what you propose to do, and it is not
likely that you will have difficulty with
AIm.
Make each frame to fit the window
opening. in the manner shown in Fig
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09
[H|E''ifffIffEIff#|HI#fBS|I|B||##B'D >[|H|E''ifffIffE5Iiff#|HI#fB5S|I|B||##B'D

the fowls. This room also contains
dust boxes and where the feed is
stored.
A, A, A, in the dotted squares rep
resent the windows or their location
in the front Of the house. B, B, is
sided up solid to the line running
from B to B one and one-half feet
high.
The line running from G to C is the
top of a four-foot high poultry netting
which runs the entire length of the
house.
There is drop curtain arranged in
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09

ne had the stonework constructed over
the gutter, the back edges of the two
members resting on the curb and the
foreparts projecting into the street
In order not to obstruct the drain, the
bases OF the pillars, each of which are
80 inches square, were built with pas.
sages IS inches broad and 8 inches
high beneath them.-Popular Mechan.
les.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09
No Place for nRoardsrs. D

You GAIA afford to give good cows
the best of. care and attention. The
"boarder COW" has no place on the
farm. If your cows cannot stand the
test OF pair of scales and Babcock
tester get rid of them. Greater pro-
duction per animal and better pro-
ducts is what the modern dairyman
wants.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09

ing careful to curve each piece the
same, and tack to each strip. Also
cover the barrel hoop ends with card.
board Gig. ~. Then REINFORCE the
cardboard with paper pasted length.
wise. both inside and out, to conceal
the joints between the pieces of card
board; also tack padding over the
edges of the barrel-hoops. Then cover
the entire roll with cambric lining.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09
Did Not Hold on to rroubI.

Someone remarking on the vieor
and apparent youthfulness of an ac.
Quaintance who had reached ad.
yanced years, received the answer.
Yes, and she's been through a good
many hard times, too, but. YOU see
she never was one to hold on to trou.
ble. There was truth and common
sense in that homely summing uD of
the case. Troubles come to every.
enc. but it is the holding on to them
Living them over and over in regret
M complaining, shadowing TODAY with
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09
Optimism.

What you need in this town." saia
the genial stranger, sis more opti.
mism."
There's plenty of optimism in
Crimson Gulch." replied Broncho
Bob. There isn't a man in the place
who isn't an optimist during the first
twenty minutes Of q poker game"
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09
Sure Cure.

MY love. l wish you wouldn't paint.
All the women do, dear" But II
looks like an admission on your part
that you are not already perfect. and
that pains me-" What could she do
but stop?
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09

the dark yesterday, refusing to leave
the past, and find the brightness of
the future-that makes them destroy
courage and ruin the life.-Exchanse
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09
MIX for cholce Lace.

1t is well when washing a piece Of
choice yellowed lace to dip it in milk
before ironing. Always place a piece
OF tissue paper directly over the lace
so the warm iron will not touch the
fabric.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09
Matter Of Position.

Photographer-Why don't you bring
your candidate up here for a photo.
graph?
Manageable says he won't stand
for sitting.
Photographers believe he's lying"
Farm Life.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09

There is nothing better than ground
charcoal to correct slight bowel trou.
BILE in chickenS.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09
Firm Texture Of Butter

including cottonseed meal in the ra,
ton tends to make the butter tirmeR
IN texture.
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09
INTERNATIONAL.
SUNDNSGOOL
LESSON

(By E. o. SELLERS, Acting Director OF
the Sunday School Course the Moody
Bible Institute. Chicago.)
Middletown transcript., 1915-10-09
ID DOROTHY PERKINs
FOR CITY LOT BASEBALL.
FoR A eIRL,s ROOM.


Copyright by A. Nicely Hall)
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-04-22
j. s. STANIFER

Sam Morgan, who is the county
agent Of Laurel County for the
United state Agricultural Depart
mcnt was visiting in town the first
Of the week.
Mrs. J. +. Thompson and Mrs. J.
u. Wynn Of Paint Lick spent Tues
day with Mrs. w. C.. Haley.
Mrs. Watt Bcngc, who lives in Villa
Grove, Ill.,, has come to be with her
mother, Mrs. Mart Baker, who is
i'll.
Mrs. William Asher of Livingston
is in the Hospital here this week
taking treatment.
Mrs. J. w. NanWinkle is i'll at
her home on Richmond street this
week.
The Rev. Mr.. English was sudden
~ taken down with appendicitis
Monday.
Professor Hunt Is confined with
a strained back this week.
i. II. Wall who has been in
charge Of the agricultural work at
Buckhorn the past year visited
Mr.. Whltrhousc, "Wednesday. They
we're classmates together at state
University.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1915-04-22
GRADED SCHOOL NEWS

At the Board Meeting held last
Monday night the following business
II general interest was transacted:
II was voted to offer year Of high
:, hnol work next year.
Because Of this, and the enlarge
mcRt Of the district il was consider
ed that another teacher would be
needed. Miss Laura Isaacs was
unanimously elected to I'll the po-
slti0n.
4 ballot was taken for principal.
the result being three votes for
Mr. Gilbert OF Berea. and two for
Nj. billiard Of Newbern. Tenn. Upon
the legality Of such a divided vote
al this time being questioned by Mr..
Lewis, who read an opinion from the
State Superintendent in support OF
his view. il was decided 10 defer the
election Of principal until after the
newly elected trustees take their
seats on the second Saturday in
May.