davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-11
When II became definitely known

When II became definitely known
the next day that the Stock Exchange
would not reopen chaos confronted .he
trading public. Thousands of men
who were long OF the market and
short Of the market did not know
where 10 turn for the first time in
their experience. They wanted to get
out Of .heir speculative ventures at
any cost. for that day no human mind
knew the end Of things.
Brokers could not aid their traders.
for the exchanges threatened with en-
pulsion any member who bought or
sold a share of stock.
Then a rumor began to pervade the
financial district in the devious ways
hat prevail there that an outlaw bro
ker had established himself who was
willing to buy and sell stocks to the
first m
II was the young fellow who had
struck Wall Street on the previous
afternoon and free from the rut OF
its routine ideas his agile mind had
bla zed a new trail for the relief of dis
tressed Spectators.
He was the first of the wildcat bro
kers. In the months to come his imi-
tators were to flood the outlaw mar
ket, the most active feature of that
period OF Wall Street life.
On that morning. however. h job
less man whose wits had worked sooner
than any of the Others had established
himself as the pioneer of the tribe.
He was the man who got the bus!-
ness. the wildcat broker.
He had rented desk room in an office
and in two hours there was a mob of
men In front Of .he doors anxious for
a chance to hedge on their commit
ments.
AS II happened II was fortunate for
the wildcat broker that the first one
to gain his ear was a representative
of a banking house. This man soon
found that .he wildcat had no capital
and no standing. but an arrangement
was made at once with the bank that
those who came to him with stocks
to sell could deposit their certificates
with The institution and hat those
who had money to buy stocks could
purchase them there.
In the ordinary staid methods OF
Wall Street such arrangements would
have been deemed impossible. But in
this crisis that had shaken the worid
the deal was made practicable for the
reason that the banks. which had
made heavy loans on stocks. were in
more urgent reed OF a free and open
market than eve the brokers and
their customers.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-11
woes y
:;$:.,
y 10 ..T7g1
q 10 3 OLA RI$v.. a .
CX3 - g
tX6S AZ -
Ill.,


z dealt and bid no trump, which A
passed. Y followed the conventional
rule and took z out OF the no trumper
with " royals. This held the CON
tract.
Is led the ace Of diamonds and upon
his partners dropping the ''encour-
aging seven. followed with the deuce.
which A won with the king. Judging
from his own length in clubs combined
with dummy's that Is might be short. A
tried to run his partner by playing ace
and another. and the play cost him the
rubber.
Y discarded a losing heart. letting
the club run to the dummy's queen.
Then the trump came through A for n
successful finesse and Y put dummy In
again with a diamond, as he inferred
hat B had led from four only and A
had one left.
When the diamond queen held. the
trump came through again and Y picked
up the king. Now the finesse In hearts
will win the game and rubber II II
holds. as Y gets a discard of his last
losing card on the king OF clubs.
In taking a chance that Il can run
the second club A risks everything on
a play which Is conventionally unsound.
The correct lead from ace Jack ten and
others when the king queen and others
are exposed In the dummy is the Jack.
so as to hold ten ace over the king
and insure against the king and queen
both winning tricks In the suit.
As skilful a player as the person
who actually held AS cards should have
seen that the heart finesse must sue
coed and that II would allow his king
of trumps to be led through twice, and
very probably caught. If the declarer
makes five trumps. two hearts and "A
diamond. all he wants to go game is
two clubs. and to prevent that should
ave been AS first thought. Instead of
that he blamed r for not starting with
his short suit, as the eight falling on
the nine led would would have marked
him with the seven.
Had A played the club suit correctly,
leading the ten. he would have lost his
king Of trumps by the fnesse Of the
Jack, dummy getting In again with
either the diamond or the heart and
leading trumps again. but after all
that Is over what is dummy to lead?
b s-ill keep three hearts and a club.
A will hold three clubs and a heart.
Nothing can prevent Y from losing
two hearts or two clubs. which will stop
just one shor of game and rub
Der.
1t may be interesting to note that
had z been left with his no trumper.
the result would have been the same
in tricks. as A would have led a small
club. Tho take-out In royals made It
possible for the opponents to make the
ono mistake that cost them the game.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-11

TIL letters A B c d e + G II +
stand each for one of the ten digits, ! "a
0. and the same letter stands always for
h same digit, The numbers when
found are such that If any two adjoin-
ing numbers are squared. the sum OF
their squares will equal the sum OF the
squares on two numbers opposite,
That Is to say, IL G a and r ! are
squared, and the squares added, their
sun will equal the sum OF the squares
Of d d and A II. At the same time, the
sum of the squares Of + | and Il D X
will equal the sum OF the squares of II
II and + C o..
In sending in solutions. either the
numbers corresponding to the letters or
their squares may be gwen.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-11

prompt and wise foresight Amor,a
financial generals protected the co".
try from this calamity 10y CLOSING "a
security exchanges against tho onor,
as a fortress closes its appruache.
a maritime city its port.
The leaders OF American nnanca ,,,
knew that at such q time the ,..
Of Europe would be pitted aro,,s
American wits. Europe Is the bo~.
Of capital still. and capital. like va,,.
seeks it's W level. When tho sr
barge was placed on trading on a.,
changes the inevitable CONSCIENCE.
was the outlaw market. but deal,ns,
there were necessarily restricted.
One Of the strangest sights ever "a
in the Street. however, was this ana
denly organized market of the wilde,
While an unusual apathy broo1..
, over the financial district. there 4,
New street, south Of Exchange plao,
| operated this mysterious throng in N.
middle Of the ~thoroughfare. IL wa. !,
mob of men. armed with pencils an
little paper pads. gesticulating, sigma,
ling to one another the operations n.
their more or less secret trading
Who were their customers? Nobod,
knew but the brokers themselves. All
covert. f%urtive. u~nrevealed. Occs.
sionally wild rumors sped about N.
district Of the big amounts OF stock,
and bonds dealt In and the values tina,
were being sacrificed there in IN,
gutter mart"
Crowds Of the Idle and the unem.
ployed would gather In New street 70.
hours at a time. silently and curiousy
TO watch the operations Of the stree.
brokers. These outlaws were for n.
greater part men who had lost the..
positions in banks and brokerage
houses, managers, clerks. accountant,
and the like, who. In Initiating N,
original wildcat. saw their opportun!ty
Of usurping, temporarily at least, II,
business OF the regular brokers.
But the members OF tho Stock ~.
change, who had paid high prices fof
their seats. looked with no friendly
ewes on these interlopers. many q
whom were their W discharged en-.
ployees. Voices Of croakers wer.
heard saying: wall street is dead
IL will never come back. The put,c
has shown that it a do without VA.
Street"
But these we're the men Of ntl.
faith.
I heard ono broker say 70 another
II bought my seat in the boom tine
of 1906. It cost me $4,000. Now
could buy one for nearly one-thiri q
that sum. why didn't I walt"
His companion laughed. He recalls'
that there are men like Henry Clews
who nearly sixty years z paid ''N
for a Stock Exchange membership. n
the decades that ensued the values q
such seats constantly fiuctuate, We
these men never surrender their mem
berships. They believe in the future
Of Wall Street. They know that row
and then the wheels may stop. bl
that the district will again assert -
great dominating power as the fnan
cial centre of the United States
eventually TO become the moreye
centre OF the world.
This faith was not misplaced. Y
little more than four months Wa
Streets exchanges again reopened, n.
shouts of the brokers reechoed On the.
floors. the stock tickers resumed the.
buzzing voices, the unemployed g.
back their Jobs.
Wall Streets wheels had begun t
revolve again.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-11

or twice a week to the waiter in the
unfrequented restaurant and the tele-
phone operator seated beside the UNI
used booths.
However, the III wind that struck
Wall Street so heavily blew some good
to the smaller fry.
Even the Wall Street messenger
boys have their tradition Of the day
when the Stock Exchange closed and
one Of their tribe made his lucky
strike, the hope OF which probably
animates the soul OF every human
being who frequents the financial dis
trict.
Late In the afternoon Of tho day
when the wildcat broker had laid the
foundation of his fortune there sat
on a yellow bench In a district mes
senger office one OF the young old
boys in uniform. some OF them with
grayish hair, whom one can see any
day scurrying along Wall street on
their endless brands.
This boy was Familiarity known as
Hike" and the office manager, notic-
ing him seated there and remembering
with some conjunction OF conscience
that he had been working overtime
said. "Your times up. Hike. You can
go IL o don't want to stay around
any longer"
Guess III wait" replied the young
old boy. He was paid by the GRAND
and he hadn't earned much that day.
Suddenly there came a call and the
shabby messenger shuffled OF In re-
Spouse to It. Now the call had come
from a financial corporation which In
view OF the closing OF all the security
markets had hastily drawn up an ad-
visory telegram addressed 10 its share
holders warning them not to attempt
to dispose Of their shares Of stock un-
I'll the official prices had been reestab-
lished.
1t was urgent that this warning
should be circulated promptly in order
that the stockholders should suffer nc
money loss.
When the messenger arrived In the
outer office OF the corporation a clerk
handed him an envelope with the
words. Here, son. be careful with
these, now"
Hike asseverated his responsibility
and slouched back to his Office grip
ping the envelope in his grimy paw.
Twenty minutes later the fire.
quenters- of Wall Street were edited
by the signt OF a shabby little figure
in a messenger boys uniform who had
mounted the stoop Of the stock Ex-
change and was declaiming to a wild,
bowling and hooting throng OF his
kindred. grinning with glee. and relat-
ing his extraordinary story. which was
to become the pleasing dream Of all
come.
The envelope which he had carried
back to his office contained 300 mes
sages, the exact number in fact OF the
stockholders of the corporation "a
whom they had been addressed. II
was a windfall 10 any messenger who
responded TO such n call. Earning the
established rate OF two cents a mes
sage, Hike had Just been informed by
his nag that he had Melted him
self the sun of exactly s74 by his err
rand.
When the great financial machinery
Of Wall Street was stopped the coun-
try was. in fact. facing much danger.
not from the guns OF enemies. but from
what was perhaps far worse. the
menace Of having unloaded on the
country five or six billion dollars
worth Of American shocks and bonds
held abroad by foreign investors. With
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-11
3 q
~
"a ! .


Cfubs are trumps and z Is In the lead.
= and z want all six tricks against any
defence.
The solution In for z to lead the
trump, 20 a. to exhaust that suit and
prevent b from ruffing the winning
hearts. The next lead Is the heart nine.
not the deuce; the object being to hold
o card which the partner can win on
tho second round In ease the opponents
put up a defence that might make that
necessary. Y overtakes the nine OF
hearts with the Jack.
Y now leads the spade queen with a
view to establishing the same position
in spades that z has brought about In
hearts. It may be vital for n TO be
able to win the second round of spades
in case b varies his defence to what
u to follow.
II b refuses TO cover the queen with
the Ting z lets the queen hold the trick
and Y comes through Il with another
spade. making the Jack and ace good
for two tricks over BIS king and ten.
and then the trey OF hearts in Us hand
wins the last trick,
But II r covers the spade queen with
the king the Importance OF the original
lead OF the heart nine becomes apparent.
z wins the spade trick with the ace and
puts Y In again by leading the deuce OF
hearts. so that Y may be able to come
through b once more with a spade.
II this spade Is not small enough for
z to overtake II without giving up the
command, the problem cannot be solved.
This Is an excellent example OF a posi-
ton that Is continually arising in actual
play. the Importance OF which is not
iessened by the fact that the necessity
for II may not arise.
II 2 starts with the smaller OF his two
hearts. and Y wins the trick with the
Jack. II makes no difference In the re-
suit II B refuses to put the king OF
spades on the queen. But when B covert
h spade lead. Y cannot get In to come
through the ten and four. because 2
cannot throw the lead into Us hand.
Again. II Y leads the smaller Of his
two spades. b will pass II up. no matter
how the hearts have been managed, 2
will win with the nine. and will throw
Y back into the lead with the deuce o.
hearts, but when Y comes along with
h spade queen. b will refuse to cover
II. n 2 cannot afford to overtake II.
This leaves Y In the lead. n all he
n make Is the heart. after which he
must lose a diamond. If z overtakes
the queen with the ace. he must lead
a losing spade up to BIS king. This fur
nishes a good example of a position In
which two very bad plays might not
cost anything II the opponents did not
put up an equally bad defence.
Here is an instructive example OF the
manner In which apparently unimpor-
a n cards may be established in the
hand OF a careful player IL he pays SUI
fcient attention to the question OF reen-
tries. Many fair players fall into the
erT0R or &RfflnU nm GItf u thA v.s0~
hand. overlooking the fact that there
are no reentry cards to bring II in az
ter II IL established.
ppIpcr pppurr.x 40 aoE
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-11

piece must follow at the end Is almost
as plain as a country road.1
In addition to this. the n In
which the opponents neck IL laid bare
for the x Is very ingenious.
Here is a little end game which IL
illustrates the Importance OF careful
play when the opponent 10 within an
inch OF a draw all the time and the
slightest departure from the straight
line will let him escape:
PROBLEM No 1886. CHECKER.
BLACK.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-11
A QUESTION OF PROPORTION.


This little problem was to find the
number Of teeth In w gear wheels.
which would enable an operator en-
ployed In graduating inches on a ruling
machine to adjust IL for the graduation
OF centimeters, the length OF n cent?
meter being taken as 1897 OF an inch
and neither of tho gear wheels to have
more than 200 teeth. 1t was also stipu-
lated that any error within 10,oooth OF
an inch was negligible IN tho class OF
work on hand.
Several solvers contented themselves
with giving the answer without entering
into the process OF arriving at II, the
number of teeth being so and 127 re-
spectively. Algernon Bray begins with
an obvious but not close approximation,
I meter equalling 40 inches. In which
the error Is 63-100ths. This shows h a
In 62l5 meters the error would be ss-31o
and leads TO a closer approximation OF
1877 meters equalling 5000 Inches. Here
the error Is 0.01 inches in 1871 meters.
or 1-12700 OF an inch to the meter.
Harold w. Hogeland argues that ms
the number Of teeth in n wheel multi
piled by the given decimal 1887 will
equal the number OF teeth In the other
wheel within 10000 II IL obvious that
the first figure must be one from unity F:
either 1 or Q. and as the first figure OF
the multiplicand IL 7 the first figure or
the multiplier must be either 3 or Z.
Suppose 1t to be I. Then:
1887
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-11

Ernest Bergholt sends from London
a rather curious example of a fourteen
cell circle. arranged on the same plan
as that recently published in THE SUN,
but instead OF leaving the solver 10
guess at each OF the fourteen numbers
required, he furnishes them with a key.
so that II they can correctly locate one
or two, they have II clue to the others.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-11

Clubs are trumps and z Is in the lead.
! and q want seven tricks against any
defence. '
The distribution OF the cards is as fol-
lows:
\ has the nine. seven. six. four of
hearts; trey and deuce OF trumps eight
OF diamonds and Jack Of spades.
a mas the ten Of hearts; seven, five
OF tfumps King. queen OF diamonds ;
ten. nine n seven Of spades.
b has the king. Jack Of hearts; eight
OF trumps jack, ten. nine OF diamonds
six and four of spades.
II mas the ace. queen. three of hearts (:
ten OF trumps; ace. seven, six and three
Of diamonds no spades.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-11
Total. 900

Mr.. Hills solution is s926,50O and
s6l3.5O0. which is just $4,000 more in
| the "A" account than o. II. Boston's.
and consequently $4,000 less in the B
account. which is quite q difference in
results when 1t comes to bookkeeping.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-11
White.

White to play and win.
The distribution OF the pieces Is as
follows: Black men on s ana IL kings
on I and 20. White men or IS. 10 and
90 kings on 1 and 20. White has the
superior force. but black has q COM
pensating position.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-11
2.7S59
1874


Call his so and We have one wheel
so teeth and the other 1877.
Other correct solutions came to hand
from o. II. Boston. NJ. w Jacobs. Jr.,
Samuel W. Balch. Charles d. Shuldham.
c. T. c.. S. f. Barnett. Lieut.. @. r.
Spencer. II. NJ. Atkinson, J. Forbes, II.
NJ. WALLACE. b. c. Grant. Miss Caroline
Sears. p. T. Gauss. Daniel Holl!ngsworth
and Frederic s. Baldwin.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-11
o7hha

2.7559
II IL clear the second figure must be
9. Then:
1887
81
2.755s
1874
1t is clear that that third figure must
be 1. Then:
1887
127
2755s
1874
3937
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-11
THAT ACCOUNTING PROBLEM.

THAT ACCOUNTING PROBLEM.
Only one solution was sent in for this
problem. the sums named not agreeing
with those arrived at by the author of
the problem, Roger b. Hill, whose
algebraical solution Is too long and COM
p~licated for this column.
o. H.. Boston figures II out this way /:
Account 500
Account 654,50O
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-11
PROBLEMS FOR "SUN"
READERS TO SOLVE
Practical Lesson for the Begin.
ner at Bridge Illustrated
A Question Of Reentries.
SOME CHECKER BINDINGS

Bridge problem No. SIS was . good
practical lesson for the beginner in a
part Of the game in which many be-
Einners are sadly deficient. providing for
the possibility that II may be necessary
TO put the same hand into the lead twice.
Here 10 the distribution:
The Detroit times., 1915-08-06
IS IN ''Y"
MARATHON
Seven Women Enter
Long Swim to Be
Staged Saturday

Thirty-fve entries. seven OF them
from women. were received at clos
ing time last night for the annual
marathon swim OF the Detroit Y. NJ.
c. A.. which Is scheduled for Satur.
day over the Belle Isle course. The
entries are a. follows:
H. r. schafer. +. Il. Wisner. T. J.
Clemens. $40. De Orlow. a. y. Thede.
y. c Barker, H. :. Hampson. J. A.
Reading. r. NJ Thede. c. T.. Briggs. A.
Dell y, NJ. &. A.: A J. Lanshammer.
n. OF cincinnati. w. III, Dell. Cadillac
Boat club; v. Cordes, w. Hautel. V. V.
Ceulebrocek. unattached; X. u. Mcin-
tyre. Y. NJ, c. A.: L T. Merchant.
Mark Peterson. Mrs. Minnie Mae
Baldwin. Miss j. LindQuest. Miss
yonnie Mosshamer. Mirs Cecil aiiner.
Mrs. r stewart. Women's Aquatic
club, George L. Hacon, recreation
commission; Edgar Beandau. Eastern
high; NJ J. Fairbairn. unattached.
HOLSTER Fergus. Cleveland a. c.: Jas.
Fitxsimmons, George Frucht. unat-
tached: q. W. Hyde. Central high:
John T. Jams. Cadillac Boat club.
sydney T. Lillycrop. unattached: Ed
win III. Wood. Western state Normal.
The Detroit times., 1915-08-06
Detroit Club First to BE
NO-Hit, NO-Rur1 Game Victim
So Records Say, and
Set Date Back in
Year of '76

The first no-hit game. no player
reaching first, in the history of the
great American game, was decided
In 1876, and James Calvin OF the
ST. Louis Reds. later a Pittsburgh
star. was the pitcher who accom-
plished this feat. pitching In a
game against the Case club OF De-
troit. This. at least. is what the
records say.
The contest was decided at Ionia,
Mich. This accomplishment OF Gal.
wins was twice repeated in 1879 by
]. L. Richmond Of the Worchester
National League Baseball club on
June 2 against Springfield. Again,
on June ~. 1880. Richmond again
accomplished this meritorious feat
IN . game against Cleveland, and in
the same year. on June II, John VI
Ward. pitching for Providence. de.
feated Buffalo without allowing a
batter to reach FIRST base. No addi
lions were made to these names OF
record.making pitchers. until "a
years later. when on May 5. 1904
Cy Young Of the Boston American
league baseball club defeated the
Athletics IN q game in which not a
player reached tho nrst station. Ad.
die Joss. pitching for Cleveland. de.
feated the White Sox>in n game
played on Oct. 2, 1908. without al
lowing q hit.
The Detroit times., 1915-08-06
Last of Dugan Jockeys Back
Home After War Costs lob

n abroad
family tho lad
In
ory
Eddie under
chairman OF the Jockey club
found fertile field
with
tells himself he
under contract TO w
Of the
IS victories out of 80
itself
September IS last that he had chance TO for
Eddie
Of Europe New York
Of and told that the
Willie
Pctrograd from Rome Stockholm
Liverpool from whence sailed for
York
but the Brooklyn bridge the
behed"
The Detroit times., 1915-08-06
Is ENTER SERIES
TO PICK CITY'S
BEST AMATEURS

Eighteen teams have submitted
their lists OF players and paid their
entry fees and will compete in the
elimination series to decide De
troit champion TO play against
Cleveland's best
Five Of these teams. the North
WAYS, Maxwells. Studebakers, Pack.
ards and Timkens. are in the Sat.
urday class. being entries from the
Detroit Manufacturers league, but
only two OF them will compete. The
SindeSakers are practically sure OF
the league pennant, while the other
four have a chance for second hon.
ors. Tho Commercial league n
given until Friday noon 70 submit
entries OF its two best teams 10 play
the first two in the Manufacturers
league and in the event they fall
10 enter. the winner and runner-up
IN tho Manufacturers circuit will
battle for the honor OF meeting the
winner OF the Sunday series In the
finals.
Following are the entries In the
Sunday division. the elimination
tournament for these teams start
ing Ang. ~; S,.& s., Grand Laun
dry. Ffoifer's Famous. MNt Oak
mans Sheriffs. Euclids. Tmperials
Gurney's Giants. Liberty club. Peer
hess club. Wayne Amaranths. st
Louis club. Edelweiss and 81. An
thonys.
The Detroit times., 1915-08-06
KAzOO meet
IS FL|vvER
Rain Permits But One
Day of Racing T0date
May Race Sunday

KALAMAZOO. Mich. Aug. g.
This is Friday. and Kalamazoo has
had but one day OF racing this week.
According TO the program. the Ave-
day Grand Circuit meeting was to
have been completed today. We'd
nesday afternoon three races were
disposed OF between showers, but
that is the sum total OF the com.
petition now out of the way. and
the prospect of racing this after.
noon IL not bright
With both the Paper Mills stake.
calling for $4,000 purse. and the
free.for-all pace. still to be staged,
II is possible that Sunday racing
viii be attempted In that event
the free.for-all. which Is dubbed an
exhibition rather than a race. will
take place Sunday. This la the
frst year that rain has seriously In.
terferred With Kazoo Blue Ribbon
meeting.