The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-11-18

Mexico2 The second: Can Carranza
Do It?' win appear tomorrow.-E
By United Press.
WASHINGTON. D. c., Nov. 49,
Diaz dead in exile, Madero assassi.
mated; Huerta exiled and under arrest;
Villa an outlaw, and Carranza heading
de facto" unestablished government.
with civil war still raging.
This is the record of five years in
Mexico, a nation PROSTATE today under
fire, sword and famine. 1t is the record
of struggle for real Republican gov
ernment, real democracy, republic
in form and substance, struggle Of
the masses against the classes.
Behind the curtain of arms on the
stage of battlefields is the long stifled
cry for land. The effort of Mexico's
poems to own land and prevent exploit
alton and graft, both by their own and
foreign citizens, are the underlying
causes of what now promises to be-
come in Mexican history the Five
Years. War
The fight divides into three eras:
Those of Diaz, Madero, Huerta Its
immediate future rests with Carranza.
Peace, but not liberty or equal individ-
ual opportunity, reigned under Diaz for
a generation. As president and die
tator the Iron Man was in power
from 1884 to 1910. AS a military idol
on a platform of freedom and land dis
tribution, Diaz led revolution in 1875
against President Tejada. He was
elected president in 1877, retiring in
1891 in favor of Manuel Gonsalez, be-
ing reelected in 1884 and serving until
forced to abdicate in 1910. Diaz was
the exponent Of special privilege. He
held his office with ruthless military
force Graft flourished among his sub
ordinates. Wealthy, educated MeXf-
cans supported him. Foreign conces-
sionaires thrived Land barons ex-
tended their holdings. The poorer
classes we're slaves, unable to rent or
buy land Unprecedented Mexican de-
velopment followed-for the wealthy.
Peace prevailed.
Then came decay, with age. Of Diaz'
power. Outcry against the cientificos,
or wealthy, landed and educated
classes increased. The poems de-
manded distribution of government
land, relief from confiscatory taxes and
a voice in elections Soldiers presided
ever the polls, insuring Diaz' continued
reelection. Wealthy and powerful pri-
vate citizens. civil authorities and milf
tary heads failed to steam the tide Of
revolution.
The Madero movement was born in
1909. Francisco l. Madero, of veal
thy family of northern ranchers, led
new revolution. He promised social
and economic reforms, including di-
vision of government lands and cancel
lation by the government of land pat
ents given the cientificos. Foreign ex-
ploitation of Mexico he also promised
to end.
Aiding Madero was his brother,
Gustav and Pasquale Orozco. They
organized revolutionary army in So
nora. 1t soon seized Juarez and swept
southwark, reinforced by revolutionists
from Chihuahua and other northern
states. the hotbed OF revolutionary ac-
tivity. Historians differ as OF whether
Pancho Villa, later TO oecome a popular
hero, enlisted in the Madero move
ment.
Certain foreign mine. oil and ranch
concessicnaires supported Madero.
Others supported Diaz, whose power
weakened with age, his army honey
combed with treachery and desertion.
Diaz resigned and fled to Paris, where
he died last summer.
rronc;eco Madero was nlpcfad f0 the