New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-02-28

ic and atmospheric conditions.
The voyage will be begun about March 8,
when the unique yacht, in command OF Cap
tain l. P. Ault, will spread her wings and turn
her PROV southwark AS the representative OF
science she will do her share toward opening
the Panama Canal by passing through it on
her way to the Pacific. Her course will not
Immediately be bent toward the Antarctic.
Although capable of $50 knots day with
every canvas stretched and stiff following
wind and sea, the Carnegie will average $50
knots. As her commander may pick his time
and course, to him is given the right to choose
that which will be most comfortable for the
ships company. Indeed, the Carnegie's SER
vice will be greatest when her times are chosen
to meet conditions of prevailing weather.
1t must be remembered, for instance, that,
for magnetic reasons the Carnegie can carry
no iron stoves. Heating the vessel for Arctic
conditions was one of the problems to be
overcome. 1t was solved by the construction
of bronze stoves with friedrich lining.
In order, therefore, to make the voyage as
comfortable for the party and as serviceable
to science as possible the Carnegies general
course has been so ordered that she shall
reach given point during the period Of most
favorable weather. From Panama, therefore,
her helm will be swung over and her bubblng
trail trend away toward Bering Sea- Sharp
divergences will be made at the entrances to
Honolulu and Dutch Harbor Every day OBJ
servations with the compasses will be made
to determine the direction, dip and force of
the magnetic currents. In this way the sum-
mer will be spent Following the sun south
ward, the Carnegie will stretch away for New
Zealand perhaps touching at the Solomon ISL
ands. Captain Ault expects that the 1900
pound bronze anchors will drop into the bay
at Port Lyttleton, South Inland, New Zealand,
in October, when the tidy barkentne swing
on her hempen hawser, this month being the
opening of the spring season in the southern
hemisphere. Here the supplies will be re-
newed and observations made. Then sail will
be made again and the actual voyage to the
Antarctic continent begun
Then southwark, ever southwark, will she 60
until she reaches the field ice, when, turning
her bowsprit eastward, she will take advantage
of the westerly winds which prevail in the
summer season in the Antarctic for the circu-
lar journey around the gloomy forbidding
continent, in whose heart is the South Pole,
the south magnetic pole and the birthplace
of the billiards which afhct the lands in the
hemisphere of the Southern Cross. For four
months-November, December, January and
February--the Carnegie will skirt the ice
fringe of Antarctica. Every day the observa-
tons for the determination of the magnetic
currents, their direction, dip and force and
certain characteristics of atmospheric cleo
tricity will be made. After making stop at
Kerguelen Island it is expected that New
Zealand will be reached again in the fall sea
son-or say, March, 1916. Another year will
be spent in sailing back and forth through the
seas making observations, the general trend
being toward New York. which will be reached
again in about two years from now
Why is it desirable to make surveys of the
magnetism of the world2
What is 10 be gained1
While these may seem like reasonable oues-
tons to the average person, to the mariner
they would seem absurd. Greater assurance
against shipwreck and more rapid voyages
are what the survey means to the latter.
1t is we'll known that the world is gigantic
magnet and that the currents of magnetism
which flow from IT and back into II follow the
same laws as govern the iron filings on
sheet of paper beneath which a magnet has
been placed. They leave the earth at one
point and re-enter it at another, thus COM
pleting a circuit. The point where they
emerge is the south magnetic pole, and the
point at which they pass into it again is the
north magnetic pole. If one could imagine
shower of arrows or rockets shot into the air
at the south magnetic pole with such force
that they would not return to the surface of
the whirling globe beneath again until they
had reached the present location of the north
magnetic pole, he would have picture of the
course OF the waves of magnetism.
Unfortunately for the mariner, the magnetic
poles not only arc not coincident with the
North and South poles, but they do not re-