davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1915-06-19
Point for Defense of RAILWAYS

Chiefly important as a point 70, the
defense of northern rail commuuica-
tions, Gradisca has enjoyed little or
no public attention for several CEN
turies past until the recent Italian in
Vaslon. On rare occasions some tour
ist leaNes the recognized paths for self
improvement, paths painfully marked
out u! totd mile posts in the travel
eiS suidtS- dnC " NdIi,.Cf.s to I5!auiSt.,
ana through the ueiSn1orilg nistcl,r
but now decayInS. cities at the hea.i O.
the Ad-IatiC. There are MANY stirring
associations IN tnis country wnetc Inc
itallanS, the Siays and the ,;cTrnaus
have met III the friction of borcerIarIt
strife and diplomacy through centuries
mere are no cities of first importance
throughout this entire region
Evening star., 1915-06-19
FOREIGN.

Denmark and Iceland adjusted dlner-
ences regarding Iceland's claims to
separate flag and constitution. con-
vention between the United States and
the Dutch West Indies extended the
two-cent postage rate. Japan flied pro-
test with the Chinese government
against the spread of anti panese
propaganda. Among those who died
during the week were: Sir Nathaniel
Barnaby, honorary vice president of the
British institute Of naval architects,
Grand Duke Constantine Constantine
witch of Russia; Augustus Biesel of the
American embassy in pa rig
Evening star., 1915-06-19
Village of 1000 Inhabitants.

Gradisca lies ten miles southwest Of
Goerz. Or as the news dispatches ace
carrying the name, Goritz II is =
dwindlinS village of 1000 .nhabjtan,s
IL Is strongly fortified point. guardinp
the right bank of the Isonzo and tho
railway line Almost the entire no,,-
iation is Italian. or with a stro,..i,
mixture Of Latin blood In 1,,o :;
anne under the power Of Venice In
Io4' frddi5ca ana surrourdIu.s r.r,i-
toiy was made into a seu.r,f, conn,
shIp IN I'M Favor 81 Il noble German
ahH upon the extinction of this
me IN i'j', II passed TO Austria .tb
only commercial Importance of Grams
ca Is mat OF It's SILK spinning"
Evening star., 1915-06-19
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

The tax collector returned s5.766,9s9
as collected. the largest annual tax col
lection ever recorded. Samuel Com
pers. president of the American FEEDER
alton Of Labor, and the international
stereotypers and Electrotypers' Union,
in session here. declared in favor of
suffrage for the District of Columbia
j. E. Wright and J. J. O'Day. jr.. both
or Washington, received the highest
honora in the arts department OIL
Evening star., 1915-06-19
THE WEEK
EpitOme Of Events Ending June
10. 1915.
U. S. AND THE WAR IN EUROPE.

German press comment on the Amer
ican note regarding the rights of neu-
trails to the freedom of the seas gave
cause for official optimism that the
problem would be amicably solved
The Rritish investigation of the sink
ing of the liner Lusitania. by whlch
MANY American lives were lost' began
hefo,e !, court of inquiry: the British
attorney general asserted that 'he
sci was not armed to resist capture ny
an enemy. The American Depai ''''e".
of Justice continued inVestlsa'ioh VI
the report that the LusItania carrie"
guns. Former Secretary or s'a'e h'
an announced a plan to emu 'he
f.ermany officially denied report 1ha'
the agent of the embassy IN Mas',ns
ton. Dr. Anton Meyer-Gerhar"' in
nnn of the ministry of the empire II.
tbe I-nited States in disguise 10 pur
chase ammunition and small arm
tories. The United States consul az
trieste protested the arrest ot me
Italian vice consul, Siehor annaS
while his guest and despite assura ifces
,r;usn nv the Austrian government.
PROGRESS of the War.
s,,norters of former Minister Feni-
ze1os leader of the war party. won the
.lection in Greece The cabinet or Dem
mark dema nded a vote of commence
on it's neutral policy in the lace o'
onnosition criticism. Zeppeiins. hyihs
over the northeast coast or Eng aiiu.
killed fifteen by bombs Lemberg was
reported strongly menaced by the 40. %
vance Of the Teuton armies from 'ne
Baltic to the Rumanian border. AUS
trians rushed reinforcemehss 10 ~
pose the advance ana successes ~ ~
Italian. invaders The allies were re-
norted delivering powerful attacks
along the west front. Three Iurhlsh
transports were reported sunk by bri.-
ish submarine. An Austrian aero
plane sunk the Italian submarine c,.h 49,"
Africa surrendered to an Ah2lo-
French force.
Denver labor bulletin., 1915-05-15
WHERE 1T WOULD HIT.
Looks As II in the End the Small Home
Owner Would Pay More.

In speaking Of the Single Tax propo
sition, a prominent member Of organized
labor said;
"Single tax would fail to equalize tax
alton by forcing the owner of n 81 800
cottage to pay the same amount of taxes
as the owner of the $4,000 mansion
across the way.
"By exempting from taxation the rich
mans millions in stocks and bonds.
"By so amending the tax laws that the
banks, the large department stores, and
the owners of big buildings would be re-
lieved of their just share of the cost OF
government.
''By taking the tax burden from s242.-
100000 of improvements and personal
property in Denver and saddIing it upon
Sl62, 100000 Of land values, thereby con
fiscating to common ownership these
land values.
"By allowing the Brown Palace hotel
with an assessed valuation exclusive OF
land of sI,096 ,340; the First National
Bank building, with an assessed valua-
tion exclusive of land of 81 ,022 sos; the
Equitable building, with an assessed
valuation exclusive of land of 1908 ,926;
the Gas and Electric building, with an
assessed valuation exclusive of land of
1923 Cos; the Foster building. with an
assessed valuation exclusive of land Of
$723,3l7, and thousands of other build
ings. to go scot free of taxes.
"By placing this enormous load Of ad-
ditional taxation upon land alone, the
greater part of which could not be i'm
proved because there would be no de-
mand for the improvements and thou
sands OF members of the building and
other crafts deprived of an opportunity
to earn livelihood.
"And because | believe, with the
thinking class of working men and wom-
en- and the small home owners, that
disaster to the business interests Of the
community would inevitably follow the
application Of the false doctrine of Sin
gle Tax, the owners Of big buildings. de-
partment stores, and wealth in stocks
and bonds, who should be the first to
benefit by it, are to man opposed to
the enactment Of the proposed amend
ment."-Adv.
Denver labor bulletin., 1915-05-15
FIRST TO FEEL LABoR's SLOGAN.

Former Congressman Littlefield of
Maine died in New York last week as
the result of an operation. Deceased
was the first public official to feel the
opposition of the American Federation
OF Labor, after it agreed, in 1906, to
more vigorously apply its political policy
of defeating its enemies. In the Maine
elections OF that year Littlefiolds' vote
for congress was reduced from 5,4lo i'll
1904 to less than ] 900, despite all the
power a friendly national administration
could throw into his district. President
Gompers personally led the anti-Little-
field campaign. As result OF the cleo
tion the following congress defeated a
bill abolishing compulsory pilotage OF
vessels in and out of harbors. This
measure was favored by the deceased
congressman, who resigned his seat
shortly afterward.
Denver labor bulletin., 1915-05-15
CONTINUED from Page One.)

Continued from rage One.1
wood, all God made, and originally part
OF the earth, and properly classed as
land? Is not every part OF an automo-
bile in the same way part of the earth
and therefore properly classed as land !?
But" says Mr.. Singletaxer, Human
hands have dug out the diamond, the
gold and the silver, human hands have
built the houses and the automobiles and
therefore they should not be taxed"
Human Hands Responsible.
Have human hands done nothing to re-
deem and improve the land and make a
place worth living in? Has human eff
fort done nothing when it transforms IA
desert into garden? Has human hands
done nothing when it has plowed the
prairie, and made wheat and corn grow
where none grew before? Shall the land
owner who has done these things be
fined by a tax, and the owners of the
gold and silver and diamonds be allowed
to go scott free? Is it just? Is it
equitable? IS THERE ANY SENSE AT
ALL IN THE PROPOSITION?
Let us look at the question from an
other point of view. The single-taxer
says land should stand all the burden of
tax, because the increase in land value
is due to increase in population, which
increases the DEMAND for land. II
this be true can we not apply the same
reasoning to other things for which there
is a demand! Take diamonds for in
stance Is it not the fact that the hui
man family desire the diamond as a
beautiful ornament, that gives value to
it: We cannot eat 4 diamond, we can
not make clothing out of it, it was
originally a part of the earth. Its only
value consists in the fact that there is
human demand for it. Then why not
tax the diamond as well as the earth?
Gold and silver you cannot eat. We
have adopted them as our medium of
exchange. 1t is the human demand for
gold and silver that gives them value.
Gold and silver We're formerly part of
the land; why not tax them well as
land?
Again, Mr.. Single-taxer says: "Plac.
all tax on land and you do away with
all speculation in land" Men speculate
in wheat, cotton and corn. Why not
also put heavy tax on wheat, cotton
and corn and thereby prevent speculation
in those articles? If speculation is bad
in land, it is surely as reprehensible to
speculate in the necessity of life such
as wheat, cotton and corn.
But has the holder of lots IN Denver
made such big speculation in themf
/ happen to know of some lots held by
an individual in Denver for twenty-five
years and / know that years ago the
owner could have sold those lots for
$1,000. In twenty five years he has paid
the general taxes for state, city and
county and school purposes. He has also
paid special assessments for street grad
ing. surfacing and curbing, for storm
sewer and sanitary sewer, for alley tax,
and for civic center tax. He has had
not one cent income from them. He has
lost the interest on $4,000 for twenty
five years, which at per cent would
Denver labor bulletin., 1915-05-15
Views Of Prominent Laborine Men
Continued from Page One,

CONTINUED from Page One.)
any. How, then, can we who wish to
build do so, unless we have the money!
We can't borrow it.
Single takers tell me that we could,
under single tax, get lot for nothing,
using the money to build with. That
does not sound good to me. i want to
own the lot on which my house stands,
and I want ii to have n value. don't
think much of the single tax, as it seems
to be the purpose of it TO destroy and
not to create. think the working man
will do well to hit it solid blow.
RAY BRONSON,
Bus. Agt. United Laborers' Union No
1870.
Some Of the single takers have been
Denver labor bulletin., 1915-05-15
PIONEERS PAID BIG PRICE FOR LAND THEY GOT

amount to 1850. Add to this inter
est all the taxes and special assessments
this man has paid during these twenty
five years and his loss and expense will
amount to at least $4,000. This specu-
lation is on the wrong side of the bal
ance sheet. Surely this man is not
growing immensely rich by holding his
lots. But be it said to his credit, he
helps to defray the expenses of state,
city and county government by paying
tax on his lots.
The same thing with varying result
can be said of all the vacant lots in
Denver. But all these vacant lots have
paid their proportion of the taxes of
Denver and state.
Where Will 1t Lead To.
But" says Mr.. Single -taxer; 'If all
tax was placed on land, the owners of
vacant lots would be forced to improve
them or lose them"
Grant that and let us see where that
leads us to.
Our friends, the single takers, say
there are 100000 vacant lots in Denver.
There are. Suppose the owners improve
them, where will you get the people to
rent and live in the houses? We know
full well that today we have not people
to fill the houses We already have built
and ready for tenants. Why build more
until we fill these empty ones?
Suppose on the other hand. the owner
says: 81 cannot improve the vacant
lots" Then he loses them. What is the
result? The city or state perforce must
buy them in, when put up, and sold for
the tax.
What is the further result?
The city or state certainly can get no
tax or cash out of the property they
have been forced to buy in. The vacant
lots thereby, instead of paying tsx as at
present, become a dead asset in the
hands of the city or state.
What is the further result2
The city or state having lost the in
come from these vacant lots, and hav-
ing a certain fixed amount of taxes to
raise, must add an additional levy of
tax on the rest of the land owned by the
people. Taxes must be paid, or the
functions of governments cease.
So next year the tax levy is heavier
and more private property passes to the
city and state. The next year another
increase, and like result; and so on un-
til ALL the rental value of any piece of
land goes in the way of tax.
The value of it for sale has disap-
peared because ALL income from it is
eaten up by the tax.
This final result is the avowed end and
aim of single tax. To consume all rem
tai value to the private owner, and force
the title back into the city or state. In
other words, by this method to confis-
cate all values of land. This final con-
fiscation, the single-taxer admits is his
aim and object.
Confiscation Not Justifiable.
He attempts to justify this confisca-
tion by the claim that all private owner
ship of land is unjust and contrary to
good morals. He claims that such con-
fiscation is as justifable as the abolition
Denver labor bulletin., 1915-05-15

OF slavery was justifiable In other
words the single-taxer holds that pri-
vate ownership of land is just as great
a crime as the holding OF a human be-
ing in slavery.
The experience of the ages has shown
that the maintenance of equal rights for
all classes Of the people OF country
depends upon efficient and honest gov
ernment under just laws; and that the
safest guaranty that such n government
will be maintained in any country, is
that large proportion of its population
are individual owners of land in that
country "Where ones treasure is. there
will his heart be also"
The little home owners in the country
are always those most to be depended
upon to fight for just and good govern
ment and against tyranny. Even under
the greatest encouragement he stands
by his home and his country. Others
may bundle up their possessions and run
away, bat the home owner stays and
fights out the battle, and generally in
the end succeeds
In this country, n large majority of
land owners own less than S5 900 worth
of land each. These form the backbone
of the country. What folly to break
their backs by putting all the taxes
upon their shoulders.
Many kinds of property are in the
hands of trusts, and monopolics. and un-
der single tax would escape taxation
Land, under present laws in this coun-
try, is not in the hands of trusts and
cannot be to any appreciable extent
owned by trusts or great combinations
of capital.
1t is the one sort Of investment the in
dividual can put his money into and
not be in danger of having his fortune
squeezed away from him by some trust.
The safe and sane government of the
country depends upon the fact that
very large proportion of its population
are individual owners Of land. What un-
reasoning folly it would be to adopt the
single tax and destroy our best guaranty
of good government.
How unjust 1t would be to relieve the
fels and the Rockefellers of their taxcs
and put an increased burden upon the
farm owner and the home owner.-Adv.
-
Denver labor bulletin., 1915-05-15
COMM ITTEES:

Gardeners--W. J. Wertman, Chas Tegeer Geo Tegee A. W
F. Vuiett, P f Lewis, Jerry Coveo NJ Ferano, Dominc
WhoesaleOlof Olson, Samuel Drks T. F. Lynch NJ Jones'
F. Beeer.
RetailersC ChasHayden F. Nolan NJ T. Murray VIM Small r
PeddersChas Dispense Joe DeBe Frank Gust rank Crosse
Jobbers-O E. Adamson 1910 Market A. S Donaldson 1912
Fort, 4O4 18th Street. F. W. Middles~arth 1872 Market
1920 Market F. F. Burton 500 Market
Denver labor bulletin., 1915-05-15

trying to convince Fred Vessel the bus.
mess agent of Bartendcrs Union No. g.
that single tax is a good thing for the
working man, but Fred says that he
thinks it is another reform advocated by
the same old bunch of reformcrs that
will prove to be farce and that IL is
time that Denver had rest from the
reformers.
Denver labor bulletin., 1915-05-15

You will never miss train II YOU
carry one Of O'Keefe's watches. 827 FIT.
tcenth street.
Denver labor bulletin., 1915-05-15
Confiscation Not Justifiable.

He attempts to justify this confisca-
tion by the claim that all private owner
ship of land is unjust and contrary to
good morals. He claims that such con-
Luxemburger gazette. [volume] (Dubuque, Iowa) 1871-1918, 1915-12-09

cuff forms a neat finish. The skirt has
plated fulness in back and front,
which may be stitched in tuck effect.
The pattern is cut in 6 sizes: "a, 80, 3S,
40. AZ and A inches bust measure.
1t requires Z IA yards Of 36-inch ma
terial for q 36-inch size. The skirt
measures about 3 IL yards at the
foot. Price Zoe.
1520GGirlS' Dress with or without
Belt, and with Sleeve in Either of Two
Lengths. A simple frock for mothers
girl. Batiste, lawn, percale, gingham,
chambrey. taffeta, repp or wolfe, cash
mere or poplin are all good for this
attractive style. The dress portions
are mounted on a square yoke, and the
fulness below the yoke portions may
be gathered or shirred, or finished as
illustrated with shocking. The pat
tern is cut in 4 sizes: 4, 6. s and 10
years. 1t requires ) IA yards of 30
Luxemburger gazette. [volume] (Dubuque, Iowa) 1871-1918, 1915-12-09

Q sizes: "a, SO, SO, 40. AZ and A inches
bust measure. 1t requires 6 1-2 yards
of 44-inch material for a 36-inch size.
The skirt measures 3 yards at the
lower edge. Price Toe.
1507-An Attractive Model for
Home and Business Wear. Simple be-
coming lines mark this stylish design.
1t is good for %taffeta, dotted or figured
wolfe. checked or novelty suiting, serge,
gingham, chambrey, linen or percale.
For a morning dress linen, or Bingham
would be very serviceable. For bust
ness wear, serge, taffeta. or wolfe would
be suitable. The waist is cut low
and outlined with shaped reyers that
form a rolled collar over the back. The
chemisette has a standing collar which
may be omitted. The sleeve Is close
fitting below the elbow and finished
with a smart pointed cuff, in wrist
length. In short length a turn back
Luxemburger gazette. [volume] (Dubuque, Iowa) 1871-1918, 1915-12-09

wear. The waist pattern, 1880, is cut
in 6 sizes: "a. 80, 3S, 40, AZ and A
inches bust measure. The skirt pat
tern is cut in 6 sizes: %, "A, 20, 2S. 30
and 81 inches waist measure. 1t re-
quires 6 3-S yards for skirt and over
blouse of 44-inch material, with 2 S-S
yards for the underwaist Of 27-inch ma
terial, for a medium size. The skirt
measures 4 yards at the lower edge
with plaits drawn out. This illustra-
ton calls for TWO separate patterns.
Price Zoe each.
1519-Girls' Coat and Cap. A good
fall and winter combination. Plaid
novelty cloaking in brown tones is here
illustrated. with trimming of brown
velvet. The style is good for corduroy
broad cloth, cheviot, and velvet. The
cap may be Of the same material as the
coat. or of fur, velvet, and similar
fabrics. The pattern is cut in 4 sizes
Luxemburger gazette. [volume] (Dubuque, Iowa) 1871-1918, 1915-12-09
inch material for a e-year size. Price

inch material for a 6-year size. Price
10c.
153O-151 6-Ladies' Costume. Com
prising ladies' waist pattern, 1880 and
ladies' skirt pattern, 1916. As here
shown, wool poplin in a mauve shade
was combined with figured taffeta to
match. The waist is in overblouse
style, and could be developed as a
separate waist, for wear with an I'M
der waist or tucker of net, lace or
crepe. The skirt, too, is a good model
for a separate garment. 1t has plaits
at the seams, and is cut with graceful
and becoming fulness. The waist may
be made with or without the peplum
portion. 1t is a good and popular style.
Velvet, serge, broad cloth, crepe, wolfe,
faillie and charmeuse are good for
this style. In green serge, with trim
ming of satin to match, it would make
n splendid costume for calling or street
Luxemburger gazette. [volume] (Dubuque, Iowa) 1871-1918, 1915-12-09

and Is to 20 years. The head sizes
are 20, 81 and 22'inches. 1t will re-
quire rs yard of material for No. /,
and "a yard for No. 2 of 22-inch ma
terial for sizes IL to 20 years. Price
Zoe.
533-Ladies' Costume. A new
phase OF the one piece frock. A new
style feature of this design is the full
length panel in back, which is stitched
with tab ends over the belt. The waist
fronts open in revers fashion, and are
finished with a smart vest. The sleeve
is long and close fitting. and shaped
at the wrist. The skirt has graceful full
ness and a plat in slot effect at the
centre front. In serge, pOplin, broad
cloth, gabardine, or velvet. this model
will be very effective. 1t could be
made Of gray wool poplin. with vest OF
| satin i'm a matching shade and a neat
finish of braid. The pattern is cut in
Luxemburger gazette. [volume] (Dubuque, Iowa) 1871-1918, 1915-12-09
SSir lieferH Gn9 bic Mnitsr
IN biaisen Yreiiem.

9, 4. 6 and S~years. 1t requires 2 Ia
yards of 44-inch material for the coat
and 1 SO yard of 27-inch material for
the cap for a 4-year size. Price Zoe.
1510-Ladies' Apron. A simple,
practical model. This design is easy
TO develop and easy to adjust. 1t may
be slipped over the head OF buttoned
over the shoulder. 1t is made with a
panel front, and shaped side and back
portions, and is fitted over the hips
with darts. Deep, comfortable pockets
are added Oh the side fronts. The
style is good for percale, Bingham,
chambrey. lawn, sateen, drill, linen. or
alpaca. The pattern is cut In 3 sizes;
Small, medium and large. 1t requires
4 3-S yards of 36-inch material for q
medium size. Price 1Oc.
1531-A Pretty Frock for Mothers
Girl. Dress with or without plastron
trimming, and with sleeve in either Of
two lengths. A good looking school
dress could be made from this model,
of serge, or wool poplin, with braid
trimming and yoke facing of matched
satin. For a best dress, soft batiste,
dimity or organdie could be used, with
lace or insertion and embroidery for
trimming. The plastron may be omit
ted. The sleeve In wrist length has a
band cuff. In short length it is to be
finished with a narrow band, 30 fit the
arm. This design is also good for
wolfe, gabardine, chailie, checked or
plaid suiting, for ~salatea, percaFe. ging-
ham, repp or chambrey. The pattern
is cut In 4 sizes 4, o, s and 10 years.
1t requires 4 yards Of 36-inch material
for an s-year size. Price 1Oc.