davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-15

town damaged: many burned In wreck
age OF homes. says rumor.
Cori-Town partly demolished; casual
ties unestimated.
Ciprino-No report of casualties
many houses wrecked.
Ccrvetri-Sevcn reported killed.
Filacciano-Thrce reported dead.
Galiano-Several reported dead in
ruins of famous cathedral; others
buried alive In wreckage of homes.
Northumberland list likely will be
large. as whole city is reported de-
molished.
Mon,erotondo--Five reported dead:
Professor Luigi Megnati reported
killed.
Naples-None reported dead. but
scores injured.
Potenzo minety miles west OF
Naples)-Many buried In ruins; feared
many of 10000 population nre dead;
town badly damaged
Pof-Five hundred reported dead out
OF 1000 population town demolished.
Poppi-Death list reported large.
Palestrino-Five known dead; many
injured.
Home-None Killed. but many injured
Rtp!-known dead number fifteen:
many hurt.
Scra-one hundred reported dead;
town completely wrecked.
MANY SNAIL TOWNS
PRACTICALLY DESTROYED
In addition. the following towns have
been reported practically destroyed:
Antrosano. Castromovne, Capelle Col
lSrnele, Csrchio. Celano. Capistrello
GioSams-S!. Leli. Marse, Mascadalo,
Palermo. san Feiiuo and Scurcola
IheSe are reported 10 have been
seriously damaged; Bisegna, Balso-
rano. Canistro. Cocullo Civitelladantino.
Sas,eIlHuni Ortucchio. Ortonamarsi.
"a siioira. Fescina. san Benedetto and
Towns Sljshtly damaged were: Cap
nadocc:a. Carsol!, ovuedoli. Pera oluco
EoEsto Filigpo, Rocacerro, Santi Marie.
>sE Donate. San Stefano. Tarlicozzo
aJ-i TsASacco.
All Of these towns. Il is expected,
WI! show casualty lists when the re-
lief officials can direct their efforts to-
wsro compilation OF the statistics of
the disaster.
But just TOW relief work IS being ex-
pedited by the army and other govern
mont agencies in the hope of prevent
ing the outbreak OF an epidemic All
haste is being made TO put supplies
medicines, doctors. nurses. temporary
shelter and other immediate needs into
the stricken zone as quickly as possible
Ehe trains that are bringing in the
ajured are being loaded Immediately
NNth surgeons and their STATS with
Immense quantities Of supplies Special
trains are being dispatched hourly with
relief expeditions, and committees have
been formed in each locality to SUPER
and tho soldiers. when not on guard,
are working night and day, trying to
rescue those who are still alive in the
ruins.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-15
TREMoRS or EARTIIQUAkr.
lKE.COR At SWAItTIIMORIi

PHILADELPHIA. PA, January ID
Vibrations from the earthquake In
italy We're recorded by the Swarthmore
college seismograph. Dr.. j. =. Mil
Ter, professor of astronomy, who de-
ve!opcd the fllm OF the instrument to-
DAY. said there was series OF shocks
me trst recorded mt S:44 =. NJ on Tues
DAY night. or 2:35 A. NJ. Wednesday,
Rome time. The most severe shock oc-
Cured nj ll:2l o'clock on TUESDAY
night, or at 6:l2 o'clock Wednesday
morning in Rome. Light tremors con-
t!nucd until o'clock Wednesday after
noon, local time
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-15
MOUNTAIN AVALANCHES
CAUSED BT EARriIQU T.,

GENEVA, SWITZERLAND. January
II (via Paris).-Earth shocks in the
Mont Blanco range and the Swiss ann
Italian Alps, along the frontier YES
terday morning caused huge avalanchcs
which Isolated Alpine villages and de-
siroyed forests
From hVe 10 seven feet Of snow fell
on the Rernina and st. Gothard passes
Shocks also were cXpcricnced in The
Piedmont towns and villages, but the
damage there cannot be learned as
telegraph wires are down. Slightcr
shocks were felt even IN the Tyrolesc
Alps.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-15
TRANSPORT IN COLLISION
WITH BRITISH CRIJSER

NEW YORK, January lathe A.
i"huc transport liner Manitous. which
%'llEsH today. was in collision off
Etachy Head. England. D.cn,nhor .,
Win the British patrol rrni.or
''e"pAtra. one man aboard no
cruiser was drowned The coIlisjon
occurred IN dense fog Tho Manjiom
escaped with dent in her how and
fcw buckled plates and pI, ina
i.S'iouth Tor repairs. OMcers OF m.
Manitou said the CLEOPATRA carrind
mines or shells on deck. 90. ~,
81 hcr damage was unknown to them
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-10

We trust that when Postmaster
MORGAN announced to his Subordl-
mates this week that in order to cut
down expenses Seventy-nine regular
carriers would be reduced to the status
Of substitutes, he did not neglect to
impress upon them the exact nature
Of the apparent misfortune that had
overtaken them.
II would be indeed pltiful II these
hard working members of society and
United States should engage their in
,e.lcctuals in complaint and repinlng
during the leisure moments that have
been thrust upon them. They should
instead devote their time to the con-
temptation of the wonders of the
mind in contradistinction to the ma
terial factors Of their existence, and
school themselves TO recognition Of
the exact circumstances of their non
employment.
These are. OF course, purely and
solely psychological, and as such they
are to he borne not only with fort-
tude, but with degree Of enthusi-
asm not to be expected from men of
Grass ignorance TO whom the loss OF
steady Job appeals only in its
grOsser aspects OF deprivation and
want. Moreover, these part time ser
wants Of the Government should COM
fort themselves with the reflection
that the President Is convinced that
reports of unemployment are gravely
exaggerated and overdrawn, and that
the workers OF the United States are
actually in a much better situation
than their limited intelligences per
nit them to realize.
1t is all psychological, and the con
sideration of this fact, vouched for
by the highest authority, should rem
der entirely unnecessary any tighten
ing OF belts or visits TO the Uncle
whose sign Is three golden balls,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-10
Another Struggle for Intelligent City
Buying.

Only in the purchase Of stationery
supplies does the city OF New York
apply the rule of reason, and buy
for all It's departments and bureaus
through one agent. Thanks to his
skilful management. Supervisor FER
GUsoN has been able to save several
millions Of dollars OF the taxpayers
money since the beginning of the
Gaynor administration. What the
expenditures would have been had
each Commissioner bought for him
self nobody can tell, hut that they
would have been greatly in excess
Of the outgo under the present sys-
ten needs no demonstration
Why, then, has not this system Of
centralized buying been applied to the
whole list Of goods the town pur-
chases? One reason is that the d.
vision OF authority and the cutting
Of orders into small lots are highly
profitable to the contractors. Where
the town might get n wholesale price
1t confers the benefit Of retail price
on the men who sell to II. They ire
not anxious for the dawn Of Il day
when all the meat and all the horses
and all the motors and al, the pins
and all the cotton cloth and all the
countless other things the city uses
shall he bought through one buyer
tested by one standard and paid for
on the smallest possible margin of
profit to the sellers
For years the comparatively few
persons Interested In the city's gov
eminent who were willing to reccg-
nlze that It's system was as bad as
It's official personnel was said to be
have been urging the establishment Of
such purchasing department. The
influences interested in maintaining
the existing grossly eXtravagant prac-
tees have been too strong to he over
forced TO look bankruptcy square In
the face, and there Is a possibility
that the advocates OF economy may
overcome those who fatten on waste.
The Comptroller is drawing the bin
to create the department; the Board
Of Estimate viii urge Its passd GO;
and If the Legislature wants to help
New York save money, the measure
will go promptly TO Governor WHIT
MAN for his approval.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-10
THE LUSITANIA INCIDENT.
Danger Seen In the Display Of Our
Flag by British Ships.

To THE EDITOR or THE SuN--Sir:
Comment on the incident OF the Lust
tania using tine flag of the United
states gives the impression that prece-
dent does not show It 30 have been "a
violation Of international law. The ac-
tual proposition OF Germany to threaten
or attempt the enforcement Of a block
AIDE by submarines suggests the idea
that unless binding on neutrals
blockade by this unprecedented means
might put In new light the use by
belligcrents' merchantmen Of a neutral
flag In other days the Captain Of
wHrshlp could assure hlmcolf Of the
true nationality OF any ship he
overhaued before irretrievable harm
was done, while now the commander
Of submarine probably has to infict
a mortal wound on a passing ship II
he is 10 stop her without great risk
~ hts own command. BY the time he
knows whether the stranger is "a dis
guiscd enemy or a friend he has de-
stroved somebody's property and Inn
pcrillrd lives that he cannot save
So n In times past n merchant skipper
used strange Nag In an emergency
II was ruse that did no great harm
TO the nation from which the disguise
was borrowed. But II submarine
blockade or raid is now to he attempted
tho expedIent used by the Lusitana OF
ur flag would lessen the protection
that nag should give 10 our own mer-
chant vessels in the seas near Great
britain Thus a real harm would be-
done. Unless the United states promptly
raises the question I'm such "A way
as TO prevent the unauthorized Use OF
the flag II seems almost certain that
before long the commander OF some Ger.
man submarine will have to decide I'm a
hurry between the apparent risk OF
letting an English ship escape under
cover Of the flag of the United states
and the apparent risk Of sinking an
American ship with her crew and her
rightful flag. There is therefore war
rant for considering the question as a
new one and perhaps FOR establishing
precodents, PELICAN.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-10
The Price Of "Kultur."

If ever keen gratitude was felt by
one nation for the services to 1t Of
another nation, that sentiment must
stir every Belgian bosom to-day ::
must fill it with a deep abiding af-
fectlon for the kind German neigh.
Dor pow SO genially and with such
gemtithllchkeit making himself at
home on Belgian soil.
Germany sent her legions into that
big, ovcrhearing Belgium; slew thou.
sands of her sons; bombarded and lev
led contributions on her cities, ruined
many glories Of medieval architec-
ture, devastated her fields, destroyed
her Industries, gobbled most of her
territory, left and leaves her people
to starye save for the bread Of stran-
gers; laid tax of So6,OO0,OOO a year
on the Belgian nation.
over million Of Belgian Malig
nants, spurnng the blessings of the
civilization 50 generously brought to
their doors, provided their houses had
not been burned or blown up, have
left the country. ON them, the Bel
CLAN Legation at Washington tells
us, the Governor-General Of Belgium
"has levied an extraordinary tax,
equal to ten times the amount Of
personal tax paid by Belgian citizens
in normal times" unless they return
before March /. This may bring
those sullen eXiles to their senses
and send them back to land ruled
so suuveiy 10y line dear hands which
Alsace and Lorraine cannot kiss
enough in benedlctlon.
Such are few items Of the Bel
glan national debt to Germany. The
struggle between French and Flemish
culture Is over at last. German
"Kultur" reigns now in that thrice
happy land. Is any price too high
10 pay for that boon and balm OF
humanity?
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-10

President JAMES \. FARRELL of the
United States Steel Corporation re-
counted facts familiar TO our readers
when he talked optimistically about
the business prospect in his address
at Pittsburg last Monday night. His
review of the events and developments
which furnish reasons for growth
OF business confidence does not. how.
ever, lack interest or Importance on
account Of the familiarity OF his
subject matter. On the contrary,
the argument for the expectation Of
prosperous activity is emphasized by
his presentation of 1t.
Increasing work Is bound to be the
solvent OF the troubles which have
afflicted us, but what different ap-
peal is made by an eXhortatiOn to
effort coming from business expert.
ence instead Of from the headquar-
tiers of political dismay excited by
the discovered consequences OF a long
course OF anti-business endeavor!
Mr.. FARRELL has the reputation Of
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-10
DESPERATE ENCOUNTER.
Complete Casualty List: One Innocent
ByStander.

Through the incNpic1hlc operation Of
chance. "a German-AmcIicor an Irish
American, a French-Amcricln. n Brit
lsh-Anar'can. Hn Italian American. a
Russian Anne ioan. an Austriau-Hun-
gariau-Am ricau. a Jlplncse-Amcrican
and a Sery!uu-A American found them
selves crowded together I'm a small
room, and 90. each was vigorously pa
,rotc i'm uis devotion To the land Of
his birth. an Innocent Bystlnder who
was, OF course 20 rho immediate vic!n-
ity looked hopefully for the beginning
Of a Battle Royal
But his hopes We're not fulfilled.
Al the moment when "A general en-
gagemcnt seemed 10 be unavoidable an
American Glanced 10 pass that way,
and IN their common and natural an
.ipathy 10 him the German American,
the Irish American. the French Ameri-
can the British American, the Iqltan-
American the Russan-American, the
n-IIuugarian-Am the j. pa 70
nosc-American and the Servian- Anne n
can Joined in a united demonstration 81
detestation, I'm the progress of which the
Innocent Bystandor got what Innocent
lvs'anders always get, which, in the
opinion Of the great Chinese Philoso-
pher Loo Eon, is exactly what limo.
cent Bystanders deserve.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-10

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir. Your
editorial on the rising freight rates Of
transatlantic shipments II timely and to
the point 1t quite comedies with what
the Atlantic Transport White Star and
Cunard officials have been saving for
some months past when ! have discussed
this matter with them, and any one who
Is AT all fair can only see the justice
OF their reasons
II there is such dearth of long
shoremen on the "other side" why can
not some phlanthropic individual offer
to ship some few thousands OF our own
unfortunate dock wallpapers TO these Con
gested' parts? There are about 20, 900
OF them idle along the shore front, and /
think they would be ticlted to death TO
go even II they did not get quite as
much money there as here, ] certainly
for one would be glad TO see the situn-
ton improved, and ! am sure there are
great many shippers In the same boat.
II. w, STEVENSON
BROOKLYN, February 2.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-10
PIKEVILLE VOTERS.
The Men Worse Than the Women by
More Than Five TO One.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir. In
THE SUN Of Saturday there was a
news item from PikeWlle, Ky. headed
"lndict 200 Women FOR Selling Votes
AZ ST. II begins by explaining that
large numbers Of women In Pike
county who We're cnfranchised In school
questions by the Legislature OF Ken
lucky In 1912 sold their votes for 81
apiece" This large number 1t is
further explained, was nearly 200.
All the comment " the article as
well a. the heldlng calls attention TO
IN" political lniquity OF these zoo
women. But careful reading OF this
article shows that liza men also have
been ind ted ana viii he tried az the
samo special term for vote selling
nn"-holf of a sentence sufiices to give
this fact
When almost six times as many men
as women are pccu-ed Of committing
tho same crime, II would be interest
.ng 10 know why the attention OF the
public rs called with 20 much more EN-.
phasls 20 the case OF the women.
NIRA BoARMAN WHTFHousE.
NEW NoRK, February .,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-10

course which, II followed, would re-
lieve the country of the threat of a
meeting Of the Sixty.fourth Congress
before the day fixed by the Constitu-
ton for it to convene.
Pursuing this course. the Repre-
sentatives and Senators would cut the
appropriation bills to the bone, pass
them, and on March quit Washing
ton for their homes. leaving UNI
touched the mass Of experimental, in
consequential and positively danger.
Gus legislation that has been pro.
posed and urged upon them. Thus
the law makers would have vacations
they sorely need the President would
he relieved Of the onerous duties his
active leadership Of the majority in
both chambers imposes on him, and
the United States would get n breath.
Ing spell.
why does not the majority try this
simple plan?
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-10
The Full Crew" Folly.

A full crew" law Is n law to
mulct railroads and make them
throw away money to maintain
drones II is a statute forcing the
payment of good deal for nothing,
wages without work
What If any public sentiment now
supports such law Of injustice AMI
statute of political economy standing
on its head?
The railroads of New Jersey and
Pennsylvania are going to make q
frank, aboveboard campaign against
these lettering and foolish acts.
The people Of Missouri have d.
rectly repudlatcd the "full crew"
bleeding Of railroads and encourage
ment of loafng. Are the New Jer-
seyites and Pennsylvanians less
shrewd, intelligent and just than the
Missourians?
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-10

being one Of the greatest merchants
Of the country. While his Plttsburg
address accentuated the constructive
factors Of the trade, industrial and
financial situation, he did not seek
to make his point at the cost of deny
ing the adverse and unfavorable fac.
tors. He did not slight either the
existence of commercial depression
or the distressing surplus OF unem.
ployed labor. On the contrary, he
recognized difficulty for the purpose
Of indicating how It could be over.
come by open eyed courage and de.
termination.
When man Of the business emf.
hence Of Mr.. FARRELL expresses his
views on the outlook for values and
volumes he gains something more
than countrywide attention at such
a time as the present. Political pres
tige can command just as wide at.
tention for the utterances OF political
authority regarding business, but
when great merchant talks about
things which he knows and does not
simply imagine, he speaks with the
voice of business authority, and this
tends to carry conviction.
It is probable that Mr.. FARRuL's
remarks will produce more effective
impression and yield more visible re-
suits for better business than all the
aggregated monologues Of Washington
,fficIaldom on the text OF prosperity.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-10
TARA AND BRITAIN.
A Short Excursion Into Celtic Phi
Iology and Topography.

To THE EDITOR OF THE sUN--Su,
mott ed the following news despatch
IN the papers few days ago:
10 was announced to-day that the
Marquis of Aberdeen would change hts
title Of Tara, and instcnd use that OF
Temoir. name which Is aucieutlv as
ISOLATED with the historic Han OF Tara
It would seem from this that the
Marquis of Aberdeen X having a little
quiet fun at the expense Of Mr.. Will
lam Watson and his other impotuous
critics II they imagine they have
scared him into changing his title they
are very much mistaken lie is st'll
Marquis Of Tara, and has only inn
proved on It by changing It's spelling
In the Gaelic or Irish language the
name Tara g., spelled "Tcmair" or
more correctly "Teamhalr' According 10
grammatical rule the IN" In such %
position is dropped or oldod The
sound of the word would then uc
"Dah-cr." ana this has been corrupted
by English speakers into Tara" one
can easily see therefore, how much
Aberdeen has changed his title" A,
According 20 the best interpreters Tara
means "a sunny mound having a
pleas ant prospect" which is quite np-
propriate 10 the locality. as the rich
and fertile plains Of Royal Meath" are
dominated by the historic hill
While on ne interesting subject Of
Celtic topography IL might bee worth
while noting that the Celtic word
tain means q region or country. and
the name "Britain" therefore means
the country of the Brith.' that is
specified or painted Cpeople). I'm
doubleday this comes from the fact
which Camden notices that the an
Client Britons had custom OF painting
their bodies, using the Juice OF a plant
called woad for this purpose.
JAMES h DoLLARp.
TORONTO. Canada, February 7.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-10
PRESS CENSORSHIP.
Notes on Its Origin and Early Ameri-
can Freedom From II.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-Sir: In
"A letter published In tu-dnys Sun Or
william Lee Howard gives 20 Rahe,als
In his "Pautagruelian proguo .ticatlons.'
credit FOR invenung press censorship
Rabclais was born about 1495 and pub
lished "HauttEruel' in 1898.
The Century Dictionary, under Cen
sor," credits Beokmann. as quoted in in
PRODUCTION 10 Hules's edition ~ MNtons
"Areopagitica," p II, with saying:
The o,des, mandate for appointing a
book censor IS as far as ! know AT pres
ent, that issued by Bertho!d Archbishop
Of Montz. in l4s5.
II this D., misprint for Metz" or
"Mainz,' neutrality compels me to say
that etch was a German city I'm 1856.
Under In" word Censorship" the die
tionnry says:
4 general censorship Of the press was
established by the Roman Catholic church
as early 1s 1915, ana f. SIN enforced so
far as Us authority extends
II ends It's comments on that word as
follows:
In the United states the press is ana
always has been. absolutely free from any
form Of political or ecclesiastical! censor
ship
That freedom we owe primarily to
John Peter Iengcr. a German immi-
grant ana Andrew Hamilton. his coun-
sell who as long ago as 1894, in this
city, established as law that Zcngers
publications concerning those iu Office
being true We're not ubcllous Ike
freedom has since been guaranteed to
our fellow citizens IN the other States
by the Federal Constitution.
My copy OF the 40 rouary was pub
in
President OF the United States sue In
the Federal courts to recover damages
for libel from a newspaper publ. he'd In
the state Of which ne was also a citizen
True, he failed to recover. hut in the
meanwhile the use made and the further
uses proposed To- be- made OF closing
the malls" TO various kinds OF corre-
spondence and publications mot obscene
nor immoraD shows that I'VE are going
some toward a Federal censor. hip.
PRlNcIPUs OBsTA.
New York, February 7.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-02-10
FERRY RATES STAND &C YEARS.
Fnct Comes out in Protest Of Auto
Dealers Against Charges.

Representatives Of railroads operating
New York ferries made reply yesterday
to the protest of automobile .rtoress
that the present rates discriminate
against automobile trucks In favor n
horse drawn vehicles, at hearing be-
fore Dock Commissioner r. A. c. Smith
following the opening OF the question by
the Trunk Line Association last July
Thirty railroads ferry companies and
automobile organizations were repre-
scented.
The Tackawanna, PENNSYLVANIA and
West Shore railroads, through Douglas
swift counsel, asked permission TO n.
crease the horse vehicle rates, when
have not been changed since 1873, and
also TO change the automobile rates.
The terms Of the railroads leases NOW
prevent an Increase. Mr.. Swift cited the
Increase IT, cost value and risk of ferry
service sin, a lA49 as reasons for higher
rates. Railroad ferries are usually run
at loss, he said, and quoted losses "
100000 by the West Shore and S2i3-
277 10y the Pennsylvania I'm 1913. and the
municipal ferry losses. There could Boo
no discrimination, no said, because The
leases fix the terms.
Capt John A Emery Of the Lacl,a-
wanna road wanted higher automobile
rates because OF the FIRE and ac..iru.
hazards and the weight and size of 'Ge
machines
j. G, Lincoln traffic manager Of he
Merchants Association said they he.
lieved the automobile trucks were dis
eliminated against. w j. SHADE Of
the Motor Truck Club OF America also
spoke.
The Lackawanna, Pennsylvania and
West Shore submitted proposed rae
schedule on which they had agreed and
which will be considered by a committee
that Commissioner Smith viii appoint
and which will report next month