davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-01-22
LOSS OF LIFE; 10000.
RESULT OF GREAT EARTHQUAKE
IN CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN
PART OF ITALY.
1000 KILLED AT AvEZZANO
Entire City leveled to Ground-ln.
jured Taken to Rome-NearIy
100 Towns Wrecked-President
Asks II Aid is Needed.

Rome.-From $4,000 to $4,000 still
remain the unofficial estimate of the
casualties resulting from the earth
quake which rocked southern and GEN.
trail Italy January 10.
The amount of damage done can not
yet be determined from the meager
descriptions of the catastrophe that
have reached Rome. Such details as
have come through leave no doubt
however, that nearly 100 towns and vii
lagos have been demolished or part
ly wrecked, and that great loss of life
resulted.
Thousands of persons have lain for
days beneath crumbled buildings
throughout the earthquake zone. Some
are dead, others are livine. Many have
been removed from the wreckage and
brought to Rome hospitals for treat
ment or are being cared for in their
home towns in temporary structures
presided over by physicians and
nurses rushed from the capital and
other cities in Italy.
1t is believed many of those caught
in the wreckage were not injured, but
persisted from cold and hunger or were
incinerated in fires which broke out
amid the ruins. The number burned
probably was largest at Avezzano and
agliano-di- Marsi, where fires started
and there was no water to quench
them.
Cities Suffering Most.
The places which apparently suf-
fered most were Avezzano, with about
10000 killed; Pescini, 5000; Celano,
1000; Cenchio, 24O0; Marsi, 1000; De-
terno, 1000; San Belino, $50, and F'ral-
turo, 200. 1t is reported that Rassa
IPAlbe lost oneeighth of it's popula-
ton, while Peseasseroli was complete
ly buried.
Avezzano apparently suffered most
from the disaster. Ten thousand per-
sons in that district are said to have
persisted and the entire town has been
leveled.
Sora and Pescini each has 1000
dead, while the fatalities at Giosimarsi
reached $500 and at San Benedetto
5000. Numerous other toxins report a
death roll running from 10 to more
than 1000.
Our Red Cross to Send $4,000.
, Washington.-The American Red
Cross has decided to cable $4,000 i'm
mediately to the Italian Red Cross
and asked President Wilson, as head
of the organization, to issue an appeal
of the United States for funds to aid
the earthquake sufferers.
President Wilson has telegraphed
King Victor Emmanuel of Italy ex-
pressing sympathy for the Italian peo-
pie and asking If the United States
could be of any assistance.
Buried Under Ruins.
/ Ave1zano, via Rome.-Twelve thou
sand bodies, 1t is semi-officially esti-
mated, are buried under the fallen
walls of this earthquake-ruined city.
Rescuers believe there still are many
living beneath the tons of debris, and
desperate efforts are being made to
rescue them.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-01-22
Favor More Preparations.

New York.-Preparation for the de-
fence of the United States in event
of war was advocated by Secretary l..
w. Garrison, Henry l.. Stimson, form
er secretary, and William c. Sanger,
former assistant secretary, who were
speakers at discussion on the mill
tary requirements of the country at
the republican club here.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-01-22
Claim 8OO,0 900 War Prisoners.

Amsterdam.-Off reports state
that the prisoners of war in Germany
and Austria now number 100000 men.
The Cologne Gazette compares this
figure with 100000 prisoners which it
asserts are held by the allies.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-01-22
Rookkeeper confesses SHORTAGE.

Kansas City, Mo.-John E. Kornfeld
Jr. former bookkeeper for the Mer-
camille bank here was arrested and
detained at police headquarters pend
ing investigation of an alleged dis
crepancy in his accounts amounting
to $4,000.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-01-22
Queen of Spain Improves.

Madrid-The condition Of Queen
Victoria, who is suffering from scar
let fever. was reported to be improved
Monday.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-01-22
Gives Savings for Relief.

London A London servant girl who
had $25 OH deposit in the post Office
savings bank wrote to the postmaster
general Please sir, close my account
and send hall h nee OF Wales
relief fur .he Bal-
s!abE
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-01-22
eombs Dropped on ostend.

London.-Nine British, French and
Belgian aviators Saturday dropped
bombs on the railroad station and bar
racks at Ostend, causing considerable
damage.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-01-22

The grocery store Of Walter V. Dell
at Lakeview was completely de-
stroyed by fire New Years morning.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-01-22
Big Robbery at Spokane.

SpOkane.-Diamonds and other jew
els having an estimated value of $500
ITO $1,000 were taken by burglars from
the residence of Frederick Burbidge,
Saturday night.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1915-01-22

Ave1zano, via Rome.-Twelve thou
sand bodies, 1t is semi-officially esti-
mated, are buried under the fallen
walls of this earthquake-ruined city.
Rescuers believe there still are many
living beneath the tons of debris, and
desperate efforts are being made to
rescue them.
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-03-19

Among the officers of the Indian
troops forming part of the British
expeditionary force are three native
princes, each of whom has a fortune
exceeding $2O,OOO,OOO.
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-03-19

Giving red tape a kick in the ribs,
Surgeon General Rupert Blue, chief
of the United States public health
service, has announced. that the p
United States marine hospitals Of the
country will be open for the treat
ment of dope fiends wherever the
state and city authorities request it.
The Harrison law depriving drug
users Of cocaine, morphine and such,
has occasioned severe suffering and
as most hospitals VIII not take such
patients there is no place for them to
90. Most of the marine hospitals are
now only about tWo-thirds filed,
leaving plenty of room for drug pa
tients. s.
The day book. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, 1915-03-19
RECIPE

Glazed Sweet Potatoes - For 6
large sweet potatoes make a syrup
of 1 cup Of sugar, tablespoons of
butter and half a cup of water. Boil
8 minutes: Wash the potatoes and
boil them for Is minutes in sailed wa
ter. Drain, peel and cut in half,
lengthwise and put them in the syrup,
being careful to have all the potatoes
coated with the syrup. Turn all into
buttered pan and bake Is minutes,
basttng often. Should be served in
The Washington herald., 1915-04-04
Four Picturesque Groups of Fighters in

stoned officers after seven years service.
This corps is considered the finest school
OF non-commissiOned officers in the
world. Its training and administration
are also unique.
The royal decree calling to the flag
the third category of Alpine troops born
In 1891, 1892, 1898 and 1894. will place
about 100000 men in the local garrisons
of Piedmont. Lombardy, and Venice
for "on mobilization regiments shall be
filled up by reservists from the districts
In which they are quartered at the time"
In normal times leach regiment re-
ceives recruits from all parts of the coun-
try, and the troops change their stations
by brigades every four years.
Since the middle of September soldiers
OF the first and second categories, princi-
pally between the ages Of twenty-one and
twenty-four military service is two wears
and ends at the age of thirty-nine) have
been periodically called under the colors.
and an estimate based on these various
calls up to January Is shows that, if all
had been retained, Italy then had under
arms 100000 men. There is nothing tn
show that they have not been retained.
although during the late Italian-Turkish
war the men called out were replaced by
others every three months, so as to give
war experience to as many as possible
The Washington herald., 1915-04-04
Ita1ianArmy

are to be assigned to the national militia
for home defense.
The Bersaglieri are light infantry of
great mobility. They are always seen on
the run, and their picturesque costume,
with low crowned plumed hat, is fea-
ture of almost every Italian landscape.
The Alpini are specially trained to ma
neuver among the northern mountains,
and their target practice consists in
sharpshootin across the vast open
spaces, where the atmospheric condi-
lions would confuse the soldier of the
lowlands.
As to the cavalry, experts have said
that It was the finest in the world. At
any rate, the corps have won easily from
Cossacks and our own western cavalry
at International horse shows, and photo
graphs of their operations on the Cam
pagna Romano reveal men and horses
performing seemingly impossible feats.
Besides these unique corps, there are
the famous Carabinieri or national po-
lice, who are recruited from the army and
then usually return to it as non-commis-
The Washington herald., 1915-04-04

~ NICE the outbreak Of the war,
italy has called to the colors a
million and q half men and has
~ spent $50. 200, 900 in war prepa-
rations. She has recently called out the
men Of the third category, men exempt
from military service in times OF peace.
whether Italy is preparing to enter the
eieantic struggle. whether she Is merely
eettine ready for any eventually. or
whether she is merely determined to pro-
tect her neutrality. her military prepare.
tions have called attention to the iacp
that Italy has some Of the most efncient
and most picturesque soldiers In the worid
The exploits of the French Alpine SKI
soldiers have won the admiration OF the
world, but italy has whole corps OF A.
pine soldiers where France mas q 10" oe-
tachments.
Italian soldiers are divided into -FOUR
classes: the Bersaglieri, the Alpini. the
Carabinieri and the cavalry. Recently
the men Of the third category were caiied
to the colors. This means that the Al
pine troops Of the first category. MADE up
Of first choice men for the regular army.
and the second category. men assigned 70
the regular army but with unlimited
leave" have been exhausted, ana now
those men are to be drilled VINO, exempt
for various reasons from active service
The Washington herald., 1915-04-04
in Athens

mented and found that the modern lion
ate the rooster.
The proper way to catch cells is to put
the bait In the end Of hollow fishing
rod and when they are eating the bait.
blow through the rod and suffocate them.
Vultures will hold their wings over
the eyes of a bull and entice the latter
over . precipice.
Cranes and bees carry ballast when
flying in q high wind.
II bear gets sick, he eats ants. and
finds an effective medicine.
Cranes on duty keep a stone under
their tongue, 30 that II they fall asleep
the stone will drop out and wake them
up.
Elephants are affected to tears by
music
After q battle between ants corpses
viii be ransomed much as were those in
the Trojan war.
Professor Shorey told story from one
Of the ancient writer's regarding the vic
teU e . Greek csnaEal I1is eenarA
The Washington herald., 1915-04-04
Nature Takers Flourished Centuries Ago

had one of his elephants swallow
monkey in front of the lines Of elephants
of the enemy. Then when the latter
were approaching he placed hot brass
monkeys before them. The elephants
ate the brass monkeys and died OF heart
burn, according to the story
Debate on animal intelligence began
thousands of years B. c." said Profess
sor Shorey, but the ancients had moth
ing to match the young woman who got
her doctor degree at the University of
Chicago by reporting her investigations
of male and female white mice in cap
tfvity. This young woman proved that
the female white mice were more clever
than the male mice"
The Washington herald., 1915-04-04

1901. After building the fortified tions
Of Diego Suarez he became professor of
Notifications at the School of War In
February. 1910. he entered the supreme
council Of war, and In July, 1911, was
made generalissimo.
Today he has to his credit forty-five
years OF service, thirteen campaigns and
one citation in the orders of the day.
Once, when he visited his home, he
(then captain) was inspecting the forti-
fications of Prats-de-Mollo when the SOL
der on duty arrested him as a spy He
allowed himself to be led to the post,
and opening his coat he said in pure
Catalan. II am a German from Rive
saltes with my stripes under my coat"
During the battle Of the Marine the
commander-in-chief's staff was stationed
at Bar-sur-Aube, in a country house
named lie lard. the property of dis
tinguished Paris barrster. NJ. Maurice
Tassin. The same house during the
French campaign of 1914 sheltered the
Gar Alexander of Russia and the king Of
Prussia. Frederick William Ill In 1870
the Prussians visited it and took several
photographs Of 1t, having signed copy
Of one for the then owner, the grand
mother of Maitre Tassin.
When NJ. Tassin learned Of the distin-
guished soldier who was billeted upon
MIN ne wished to snow hospitality
worthy Of the occasion, but General Jof-
fire. asked that no change be made in the
usual service of the meals The host has
naturally preserved the menus of those
historical days, and one is typical of all
On September l the dinner consisted of
onion vermicelli soup. escallops of veal
sautes potatoes, salad, cheese and des-
sert. On the day that there was an extra
course 1t marked the arrival Of some
other general as a guest.
Edmond Theodore is the name of the
man who drives the generals automo-
bile. At first the famous Boillot had the
honor, Boillot, the winner of the Grand
Prix and many an automobile race. He
suited the generalissimo very we'll in his
liking for getting over the ground at
high speed, but Boillot, always ready
to risk his own life, found it hard to re-
member that he had to safeguard his
passenger. and very soon in taking a
bold turn at great speed he nearly upset
the car So Edmond Theodore was ap-
pointed in his place.
Edmond is the son of a shopkeeper in
Mort, who served in the navy as me-
chanic and then worked in an automo-
bile factory.
visitor to the Joffre home in Paris a
month before the war describes it las a
pleasant, airy house." If you were asked
II anything had made particular i'm
The Washington herald., 1915-04-04

ing, thinking. Now and then he gives an
order which is instantly communicated
to the wires stretching to the 'front.' and
very soon the colored pins are moved
more rapidly as the result Of the few
words is felt at the front.
When he was in school Napoleon ex-
celled in only one study-mathematics
class at West Point in mathematics. The
only study that Ulysses s. Grant really
cared for was mathematics. While at
the college of Perpignan, as boy Of six
teen, just previous to the Franco-Prus-
sian war, Joffre stood at the head Of his
class in mathematics.
When Joffre was examined for en-
trance to the Polytechnique he finished
fourteenth, first in mathematics and last
in German. Since then he has mastered
German. Just as he has mastered all
problems in fourth dimensions.
War is now q game Of Mathematics.
Cavalry charges, bayonet clashes and in
fantry dashes are merely parts Of huge
plan, isolated engagements Of . few
yards as part Of scheme embracing hun.
dreds Of miles, all ordered and watched
from a position miles in the rear.
Victory is the reward OF preparation.
Joffre is a master hand at preparation.
He makes his plans complete In every
detail, then orders movements Of his
men. The result is fighting and the end
is victory. That il why he IL called
"Joffre, Organizer Of Victory"
Joffre stopped the Germans when Won
Kluck was within thirty miles Of Paris.
Joffre drove the highly organized Ger
man hosts back twenty miles to the
Aisne. Joffre since has successfully re-
sisted every effort Of the German war
machine to pierce the allied line and ~
sumo the drive on Paris. Joffro succeeded
because he had planned It all out months
and years beforehand. He had but few
weeks to take . newly mobflised army Of
millions and put It where he wanted e,
but when he got 1t there the German
right wing was STOPPED and hufled beek.
The long. aAa carefully scho0o1 mAr
The Washington herald., 1915-04-04

THE magazine stories which rev
years ago led Colonel Roosevelt
to issue his famous protest
against nature taking we're but
q revival of an ancient art. Professor
Paul Shorey, of the University OF Chi
cago, in q lecture on Mature Taking In
Antiquity" exposed some OF the animal
stories which the ancients circulated as
facts. Here are some samples OF this
brand Of knowledge expounded two ana
three thousand years ago:
Dogs have a sense Of smell 20 acute
that nothing will induce them to eat
sausage.
Herons are fond Of oysters. but not
having IN oyster knife, they swallow the
shell and all, allow the oyster to open
mp In the warm recesses Of the crop. and
then get the oyster.
A bear crawls into his hole on his
back in order to leave no trail for the
hunter.
Lucretius says that certain rays from
the ROSTERS body prick and sting the
eyes Of the lion. making the latter afraid.
Professor shorsg said modern scientist.
WITH NJ reeafd IT, antiquity. szDeeS-
The Washington herald., 1915-04-04
i LENT WfQE
Organizer dNofory

der Yet even before the war he was in
supreme command Of the French army,
and In the three years he had held that
position had been given credit for thor
oughly reorganizing 1t. removing 1t en-
tirely from the realm of corrupt politics
and fat contracts. Last year at the an
nual French maneuvers he summarily
dismissed five generals for failure to per-
form correctly. This startled France,
Napoleon the French people became con-
fdent they had a man at the head Of
their army who could be relied upon to
fight and to fight to win.
1t has been said that as a boy Joffre
was rather effeminate, studfous and or
derby. He was graduated at the College
Of Perpignan with the degree Of bachelor
Of science at the age Of sixteen. His bent
was toward mathematics, and in that
study alone did he excel. Upon recogni-
ton Of his excellence in that branch of
sciene he was admitted the following
year to the Polytechnic institute, a
school for military training.
He had hardly undertaken his studies
at the Polytechnic when the Franco-Prus-
sian war broke out and he was commits
stoned in the French army as an artil-
lery subaltern. His aptitude in trigo-
nometry. surveying and construction
ficades hurriedly and we'll. His work
commanded the attention Of of superior
officers. and after the war he was COM
missioned to restore the Notifications
about Paris and later to draw up plans
for the line Of forts in the direction of
Enghien.
There one day Marshal MacMahon ap-
peared. accompanied by his entire staff.
called to him the young Sous-Lieutenant
Joffre and said to him in the presence
Of the staff: 81 congratulate you, cap
tain" captain at twenty-five!
Joffre was so successful in his commits
sions that he became known as builder
Of forts, and when the government decid-
ed to erect a chain OF forts In French
China, Joffre was selected to gineer
the work.
General Courbet. a paternal old war
rior then in command of French China,
saw that Joffre was chatting under I'M
interesting and unpromising work OF
building Notifications. and was DESTROYS
OF seeing active service, so when the
forts were completed Joffre, under Cour-
bets direction, was given command or q
regiment to put down a sedition Of the
natives. Joffre won his battle and ac-
Quilted himself well. When Courbet
was sent to Formosa Joffre was taken
along as a member Of his stan.
Brilliant work in Formosa earned
Joffre the command in Madagascar,
where he later was heralded as an ideal
military governor Hitherto wild is
land, improbable to France, Madagas-
car, under Joffre's discipline. became .
prosperous and easily governed colony.
In Dahomey, later on, he commanded the
rear guard under General BONNER in a
campaign to subdue the natives. BONNER
was trapped and killed in q sortie and
his advance guard was almost annihi-
lated. Joffre saved the whole French
column by a strategic move. drove back
the natives. and achieved the distinction
of being the first French army officer to
reach Timbuctoo.
He became chief Of battalion (major)
in 1889, lieutenant colonel in 1894, colo.
mel in 1897 and general Of brigade in
The Washington herald., 1915-04-04

pafgn Of the German general STAFF was
smashed At the outset. Joffrs individu-
ally had thought Of everything the entire
stan Of the kaiser had thought Of. and
he had thought wiser than the Germans.
Since those svsntful days Of August
and September Joffre has been waiting
and planning. He has been working out
milton. Of forage and fodder. Of supplies
and Of hospitals. Doubtless when he 10
ready and when the weather permits Of
Offensive operations, the fruit OF these
details will be gathered. and the French
army Of three millions will press the
Germans back out Of France. back across
the border and even back across the
Rhine.
JoRrs the man. silent. broody and
earnest, 10 seen In his brief messages to
his army. When he had stationed his
On the eve Of the battle OF the Marine.
he sent this message to his men:
SOLDIERS. the time Of retreat has
passed; the time Of ofYense has come:
you hold the tate Of France in your
hands.
I'VE are attacking. Soldiers. advance
"a long - you can. II you can no longer
advance, hold the position you have
gained. II you can no longer hold 1t.
die"
A few months later. in December.
when the Germans had swept clear
through Belgium and seemed likely to
win their way to their coveted goal.
Calais and the command Of the English
channel. Joffre issued another Of his re-
markable messages to his army. He said:
Soldiers. m ore than ever before
France relies upon your courage and
your desire to conquer ct aay cost. Ten
already have been victorious on the
Marine and on the User. at Ypres, IN Lor-
rains and In the Vosges. You will know
how 70 conquer until the nnal tri-
umph."
JoGlrs II beurgeois. He 10 Of hpnbls.
yory humble fhDily. His father Wa
bosoef - III SfoaApsa1fatAsf . ~
The Washington herald., 1915-04-04


JOFFRE-organizer of victory.
Joffre the taciturn. Joffre of the
al siege Of Paris, Joffre of Cochin
China. OF Formosa. Of Madagascar.
Of the Gold Coast, the Joffre who cap
tured Timbuctoo-this is the Joffre who
turned back the tide Of the German in
vasion of France in August and who
has been holding the 5OO-mile line
against the Germans ever since.
OF all the great military geniuses,
ancient and modern, none is SO little
known to the public as General Joffre,
generalissimo of the French army, CON-
mander-in-chief of the allied armies in
western Europe. But then, as far as
that Is concerned, far more has been
heard of the little Belgian army and the
handful OF British troops sent as an ex-
peditionary force to the continent early
last fall than has been heard Of the
three and a half million Frenchmen
who have been fighting doggedly. il
quietly, to avenge Metz and Sedan. OF
the 50O-mile battle front stretching
from the English channel to the Swiss
mountains, $50 miles has been held by
the French, the remaining fifty miles of
trenches being occupied by the Belgians
and English.
And at the head of this enormous COM
bined force has been and is General
Joffre, grizzled veteran Of every war
France has waged since he entered the
Ecole Polytechnique, Frances West Point,
at the age of sixteen.
Joffre is not q Napoleon, nor Ney.
nor a MacMahon. Instead OF standing
on hillsides and watching the charges Of
the Imperial Guards. as Napoleon did at
Austerlitz and Waterloo, Joffre remains
miles behind the battle line. Officers re-
ceive every minute bulletin by telegraph,
by telephone and by wireless A general
high in rank moves colored pins over
huge maps, and Joffre watches the pins,
watches oilsatly and smotioalsss. tAiak.
The Washington herald., 1915-04-04

Asked what songs the soldiers sang
at the front. a wounded man of an Eng
lish regiment said that in the trenches
they sang Get Out and Get Under" when
they saw the shells coming. .'Tipperary"
was favorite on the road, but The Ger
mans Got Ny Daddy" a parody of an
other song, was popular. The Scotties
had their own songs, and fhey made
the most noise with We're the Lads
vron Beanie Scotland"