davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-16
Crises
Has Made Open
ings for This
Courlry's Bust.
ness and Finan-
cial Interests
7 h a t w O d
Have Been Inn
possible a Year
or So Ago

- auL -. ar,,.s
no,,,i,to,s 80 do,nn h,sino.s - ,h.S
nor,JorIar n,aoa
ri, $1,000
.a. g.. -. -
:"
~.
- .spo
nv ~ 'n' ~
pV,nm
.nns .ouit.i!' uINatui"e o'n,' !
an,ouIn. ..sn,. sanoo Ns 80
'n"' p'9e,n,e -,
a.. 20. uS,. snna. il. ,s,.,~s
VI. -
,n'.aI,a go ,a.h 49, - ~.
ae - $500 .s@"S
80 80. a. ~ ,,ost,. a.tnon,"a IT,.
- -. atn..s
- -, T., 49, noaaa.s IT, ~.
,ndus,r,at por,hra,tons Y.hJah 80
,aIr hranohss nnI anI, In ,hn axnn,&
ILL.,. b., liz tn ,hn ;mnor,an, 60
eiyn centres. bur the ~principle Is the
same. The commission house merely
does for the indiyid,al manufacturer
whose business does no, warrant the
establishmont of branches for this
what the branch establish.
mants with their eyport SPECIALISTS ID
for he so-called trusts.
r,a ,.o,,. -.-
house m,r.o,,o, a., imnor,ant ,n ~.
nann,oc,ura ia DO, ~ enanoa, H.
nraars y, ,ha ,or.ign daa,ors ,horoh,.
onah,Iny rho maker - ths goods 70 cce
ca,h ~ hororo IN. shinrar, NAV
- ,hn nov, -, d-os,ina,ion r,.
m~snm,,c,rrn s,1ors No r,sr a, ,,.d
aroai,s o,har ,,,n Va .msy.r, IN h,s ~.
d,nar,, aor,as,,, ,rado 7, ,,a ,oro,1n
daaiars .ho,,,d ,,ii 70 rana navma,t
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-16
Government Palace, Asuncion. Paraguay.

ence proves that only the marufac-
turer making articles that are equally
suitable for tho South American ira l.
and this market should seek that Of
the southern republics. unless he Is
prepared to specialize and produee the
goods as the South American wants K.
In all other ways export trade IS
itself readily to the inevita-
BILE conditions that surround business
In those countries. Until this was
brought about mistakes made in l.
were numerous and serious. While
the English. French and Germans
gave long credit. United States me-.
chants held out for what was spot
cash for them. but In reality was pay
ment in advance for the South Amer
lean merchant.
A Serious Drawback.
Here was an almost insuperable bar
rier either to the achievement Of an
entering wedge into the field or to
the maintenance of such trade as may
already have been promoted notwith-
standing this serious dra wback, Only
a small proportion OF importers al
pay for goods before delivery, and the
inclination always and verywhere Is
to buy whero credit IL obtainabie,
even though the goods he less desir-
able.
Again, systems either Of Introducing
goods or subsequently pushing them
were lacking.
II 10 M ,onOer necesaary. owing to
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-16

tinue to shin the natural log To for.
e.gn lands at a fraction of its real
value. The escobilla, or fibre plant.
which Is plentiful in many sections.
Is being transformed into cords and
ropes at a factory near San Jose, and
in this age of utility 1t appears strange
that some similar enterprise has not
taken advantage OF tho vast area OF
lands that lie covered with banana
leaves and stalks not only for cords
n ropes but Tor the manufacture OF
the best grades OF writing paper.
The average person planning n trip
TO Panama wishes to see as much AS
possible Of the tropical and subtropical
life. Nc adjacent country offers easier
access or more varied sights than does
Costa Rica. A night on tropical waters
and the distance Is covered from Colon
to Limon.
Costa Rica IA traversed by a great
mountain chain which divides the
country into innumerable sections n
valleys. one or the peaks Tazu'
rises ll.2Oo feet above M sea level.
There are niy two seasons the wet
ana the ury' COSTA iucas main
artery OF commerce Is her railroad
from Limoh on the eastern snore 10
runtarenas on the racine, n instance
OK 40o mics startihs Ut i-ihhoh' d
ride over the railway presents "a series
OF tropical n ounta views the
equai OF "hich ~ d'ihcuit 10 hho
First h train passes rough the
lowiand Forests when appear 10 Do
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-16

even when they succeeded in inter-
estng the dealer in their samples they
were unable to do business becaus,
their principals In the JniteC
States. not having the means o..
determining the financial ~responslbil.
ity OF the foreigners, were compelled
Ia ask that cash be sent with the
order. on the foreign merchant being
told this the goods Immediately. AM
not strangely. lost all attraction for
him. The eventual report that
reached the manufacturer was they
were hard to do business with. while
in reality the fault was IN not making
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-16
AMERICAN MILLS GROAN
UNDER WEIGHT OF ORDERS
Manufacture of War Munitions Keeps Industries Operat-
inc at Full Capacity-New Additions Planned
for Near Future.

However much great manufacturers
would prefer To he contributing to the
arts of peace, economic pressure has
forced them TO turn their attention
ia w1r munitions, with the result that
the mills Of the country are groaning
under the weight Of tremendous orders.
Contracts running up to hundreds Of
millions Of dollars have already been
placed At the bchest of European
belligrrents, As yet only a fraction
Of what will be ultimately demanded
Il the conflict continues has been or
dcred, But nth the business now in
hand producers of steel. powder, au-
tomobiles and hundreds OF allied COM
modities are riding the full tide Of
prosperity and making big plans FOR
the future.
Astounded by the preparedness Of
Germany, and realizing the hopeless
ness Of meeting the Teuton on any
where ear equal terms in the state
they found themselves last August,
the Allies were quickly impressed by
the need OF taking extraordinary
measures to cope with the situation.
Russia, with extremely limited facil-
tiles to equip her millions of soldiers;
France, with factories o II too large
10 keep her Own men supplied. and
England, face To face with the tre-
mendous proposition Of creating vast
hosts Of trained, fully equipped fight
crs out of raw recruits, perceived at
cnce that the full output OF all the
available factories in the world was
needed before the desired end was at
tanned.
With control of the seas practically
assured, the problem was simplihed TO
- great degree. ONly the obstacle OF
time for manufacture Of implements
and supplies stood in the way of the
complete equipment of the allied
armits, The trade routes Of the ocean
We're open Tor the passage oI ships
hearing the needed munitions. SO THAI
no difficulty could he experienced IN
transportation once the commodities
were ready.
Quick TO seize the opening, ennis
saries "f the big American factories
FASTENED 10 Europe ANA returned with
orders large enough To keep the mills
in operation for months, Represent
tives of foreign Governments swarmed
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-16

Few Of these men had other man
agement than their own. though COM
petent and undivided direction from
this side was necessary. The major
lily Of them went away without maxi
ing provision for the financing Of or
ders. They relied on the belief that the
wholesalers in those places had COM
miss on agents IN New York through
whom the goods were to he ordered,
tn. commission agents here making
the payments when the order was
filled as in domestic tradc. They
found their belief was incorrect eN-
cept in a paucity Of instances, so that
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-16

m ,mar,ca huvi,e nm OH tina .,,n,
I'm sight and ~nlscirp contracts for fu-
mr., delivery The ,mne,us w',irb
tho stool industrv received ~
marked but other lines we're &.
affected. such AZ tho a~uton,b.t,
makers and manufacturers Of trup,u
wire. submarines powd.r, cartrf.e
shells and many other indictments ,t
war. The Intense uctivitv Witnessed
nj the outbreak OF the war has ..aiy
increased M Tho months nav, n,ss,t
and many are confident that ,ioodtid
is ny no means in sirht.
Russia is prol.,nly rho mos, n.,n-
,.ss nation among fin. belliror.u,S
when i, comes to manufacturing hc,.
own munitions of war. France conlL
take care of herself in a case of dire
necessity. while England IL I'm n posi.
ton TO turn over her great manufac-
| turing centres 10 the making of war
materials. Russia. however. with her
millions Of nehting men. is so largely
n n agricultural nation that she cannot.
make I'm months the ammunition
! which her hosts could use up in a few
! weeks.
Access TO the Cars realm has been
difficult except across the Pacific and
| over Siberia. With Archsngel frozen
| solid and the Dardlnelles i'm the hanoa
of the enemy, Russia has been veil
| sealed up and thoug.. a certain
| amount OF material has uttered in by
way OF the Scandinavian peninsula.
| there has been by no NEAR the free
! dom of communication desired. II Is
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-16

and this fact Is true all over Latin
America. Cups are small and the
liquid IL So black that III. newcomer
hesitates 10 partake. but the habit
grows IN him II he is won over.
Another beverage for which the coun-
try IL famous IL matina and matinIta.
two varieties of cocoa which are ex-
tensiveiy cultivated.
A feature Of industry which tho
traveller will admire is the work Of
the native artisan. In detail the lat
ier's handicraf, is seen to advantage
in many buildings, notably IN the
splendid theatre IN San Jose, al edi-
nee which would do credit to any city.
A new regime now reigrs over the
land. Through the ~exigencies of fate
n Of the worlds youngest Presidents
occupies the chair Of the Chief EN-
eCutive. This man, already distin-
guished In the halls of legislation. Is
81 years old. He has travelled cX-
tensivHly In Europe and the United
States and IL bringing the best ideas
Of foreign lands to his native soil.
From Punta Arenas on the Pacific
coast Of Costa Rica the trip Is made
to Honduras. The area of the coun-
try is approximately that Of the State
Of Pennsylvania. The Bay OF Ton-
SEGA on the Pacific and Puerto Cortes
on the Caribbean are considered the
two finest harbors in Central America.
The bay has been compared to that
Of Naples, Lut II is much larger. being
sixty miles In length and thirty miles
I'm width. TrujiIIo, a splendid pro-
tected mort on the north coast. IL n
railroad terminus that IA Raining In
commercial Importance.
H.. 49, s. .nn,a' =. 49,
Of 500, 900 has been made for the en-
tire population Of the republic. The
capital city, Republication, has o3,399
inhabitants.
Honduras il one of the least known
of all Central American countries
mainly because M the lack Of trans
portation facilities. From the sea-
coast to the capital is a sadly neg.
lected highway, impossible to auto
mobiles. To cover the sixty miles It
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-16
EXTRA AMERICA DRAWS
MANY VISITORS YEARLY
Costa RIGA the Most Highly Developed of the Five Small
Republics Which Lie to the North
of Panama Canal.

central America IL receiving more
sho more attention each year from
me tourist and business ma Of the
United States. The Ave small repub-
Hcs stretching to the north of the
panama Canal have until recently
oeen as unfamiliar to the average
american as Morocco and Afehanistan.
inc traveller has now begun 10 show
"a intelligent appreciation Of the
oesut!es Of Costa Rlca and the deli
nous climate Of Guatemala. since
ne opening Of railways or the At
'nuc SIDE OF these two countries have
"'raeted both the pleasure seeker and
ne commercial agent. Nicaragua,
oa'ador and Honduras are still an
su by lack Of transportation IA.
na'"es and general inaccessibility.
such obstacles are being over
."he gradually andthe stream Of yisi-
WI from the United States will grow
s'ea'er each year.
sosta Flea, one Of the best known
= most highly developed OF the little
sspuoIcs, Is famous for It's tremen-
us panama plantations and the SUI
p.,,or excellence OF It's coffee. II is
."n IN the making. and one OF the
au'hg Factors n this formative proc
are the little school houses that
U% the landscape.
formerly poverty was a barrier that
"p' many native children away from
:. Tor want Of proper clothing.
,uady the system of cheap uniforms
~, W Joys and girls leaves no class dis
AoHohs' and the law Of truancy Is SO
eo'ousiy enforced that practically
-efy enid in the land Is attending
Snoo' OF public funds devoteS to
..,'ous departments Of the Govern
""t the bureau Of education receives
v,naif the total amount. This lib
aally toward the education Of the
vunrys youth has been working
"''eIs' and lifting the humblest
s.,s rom a state of dependency to a
wa or Usefulness.
t~dora'ion IL Emphasized.
no branch OF learning. perhaps,
r.s"s TACT more pronounced than in
,,s'ohal training. OF the country's
hM million cattle comparatively few
.s are exported. They are made
ns leather and then into shoes by
scta'n whom vocational training
n,no nave taught the trades OF tan
"ns and shoemaklng.
hs,.n rowoods abound and the youth ID
in,n taught to convert this produc,
usefu! article rather than con-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-16
Author of "Who BuiIt the I'm ma mn
Canal. 20

Leon Pcpperman IL a sortherncr by
birth, who spent the latter years OF his
boyhood In Washington.
In 1894, while Theodore Roosevelt WAS
the head OF the United States Civil Se,-
vice Commission, Mr., Pepperman was
appointed to n position in that com
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-16
Export Agents
With Travelling
Statesmen and
Well Equipped
Com S S sion
Houses Chief
Aides of United
States Manufac.
turers in Spread
ing Commerce
With Tropical
Republics

Latin American trade IL az full Sf
variety as a tropical forest. and just
A. every scientist penetrating the one
needs a method or procedure Of his
own to obtain the desired results 40
every manufacturer embarkiug on the
other should he careful to acQuaint
himself with the proper ways and pro-
vide himself with the proper means.
It is by no means hard for the Amer
can business a To do that. for the
treat and fruitful field has been ex-
plored to "A large extent, and little or
10 pioneer work rem1ins 10 Oe done
n Il. Moreover, the excursion should
prove to be very profitable, for there
IA q great deal of trade to be- OBJ
tanned in the countries south OF tho
United states for the mere asking,
especially now after the European or
world war has upset things and COM
pelled Establishments all around.
Openings have been created for the
American manufacturer that formerly
No would have had t. make for him.
self. and relations are awaiting him
that II would have been impossible for
him 10 obtain a "A or so ago. No
such Inducements have existed in that
or any other market before. Ii is a
foregone conclusion that adequate adj
vantage will be taken of these excel
lfnt circumstances. for an enormous
interest making for intelligent efforts
has been awakened in the matter all
yer the country, and never before
were the South and Central American
and West Indian export trading IA
cilities and organization 80 efficient
As now.
Quality Of the Goods.
And as to permanent benefit. much
viii rest, Of course, on the quality of
the goods placed in those markets in
response to the extraordinary demands
arising and to arise out of the war.
American goods triumphed down there
when European competition was un-
mnpered. They should therefore
have a practically clear road now that
me letters Of an absorbing war will
restrict industry in the Old World.
II trouble Is TO come II will he due
TO manufacturers who will be loath
TO make concessions to the tastes,
needs and fancies of the buyers and
PERSIST In filling orders with goods
IKE the samples shown, though tie
orders were given on the basis OF
changes in n way or another. Some
manufacturers do not wish to be ham,
pered by a multiplicity Of forms or
styles, and insist that the foreigner
he educated up to the American prod
net as 1t stands. There is no reconc',-
Ing the one with the other, and export
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-16

representative to them. and succeed
ing visits had to be made to keep the
dealers In line. Now he needs only 70
be In readiness to furnish the goods as
they may be ordered through the eff
forts II mediumship OF the export
specialists with headquarters In the
large seaboard cities. New York. Of
course preeminent among them. then
Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, New
Orleans, San Francisco. Portland. Ore
gon. and the like in varying degrees,
and with branch houses in the impor-
tan foreign countries. These spe-
~cialists cover the foreign field with
large forces of experienced men In a
way that Is not possible TO the manu-
facturer except he enjoy large means.
Rush to Spanish Islands.
After the war with Spain manufac-
turers were besieged by applicants for
samples OF their goods to take to Cuba,
Porto Rico and the Philippines for the
purpose Of soliciting orders. Each
manufacture was asked to contribute
varying amounts to the expenses OF
the trip. the idea being that the in
tending drummer would handle the
goods Of u number OF different manu-
facturers. all Of whom would get the
benefit OF having his ware called d.
rectly to the attention Of the dealers
In the places to be visited, but none OF
whom would he put 10 the necessarily
large expense Of sending out a special
traveller.
Hosts Of them acaulesced. but few
realized any benefit. In the great ma
jority Of instances the travellers were
not suited for the work. They were
either not sufficiently familiar with
the respective goods or were unac-
quainted with the language, or Yet in
vaded the islands too soon, their con
ditions then being still too chaotic to
admit of either profitable or pcrma-
nent trade relations being established.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-16
Famous wooded hill in the heart of Santiago, Chile.

found great changes from ten years
ago. The street are paved. the dan
ger of fever II at an end and a civ
ilized RAILWAY station with all modern
improvements makes the traveller
feel az II he were in the States,
But ne isn't. Even in Panama he
Is in Latin tSpanish) America. ana
he makes "A huge mistake II he doesn't
recognize II. | am not speaking Of
the tourist who is seeking for the
strange and unusual, but OF the man
Uf business who goes for a purpose.
ana can return home only when that
purpose il accomplished"
$40 n Day for Tourist.
The same writer describes q journey
through all Central America hat oc-
cupied twenty weeks. or 40 DAYS, for
which his expenses at so a day ag-
gregated practically $500. They
would be greater. he said, IN the Wet
season, the months which he recon-
mended being December. January,
February. March and April.
He said ii paid him. What To sell?
Almost anything. He recommends,
however. the simpler necessities and
articles approaching 20 luXuries-m0-
Chinory. house fittings. clothing, tools.
canned goods-'in "a word, staples,
which implies the immense mass OF
articles wanted by Central Americans
and AT present supplied to a liberal
extent by European exporters"
Mexico Out OF Question.
Mexico Is the great division of Latin
America. Its chaotic condition fol-
lowing the overthrow OF Porfirio Diaz.
the killing of his successor. Madero.
and the flight Of Huerta, not to men
ton the many provisional Presidents
that have held the government since
Huerta. removed that once prosperous
republic from discussion, however, "a
d field FOR either the tourist or the
nusines, man fur the time being.
The West indies form another great
division of tropical America. These
m|ultitudinous islands include two
Spanish republics. Santo Domingo and
cuba, and one republic, Havti, where
French j. the language. The three are
famous for productivity, yielding ini-
mense crops of sugar, tobacco, cocoa
fruits and so forth scaso after sea-
son, the bulk of which they send 10
this country, whore also they make
immense purchases.
The large British islands Of ia
maica. Trinidad ana Barbados and
the numerous small ones of that ma
t~ionality, as we'll as the many Others
of Danish, French and Dutch allegi-
ance, further help swell the growing
total Of United States commerce, both
| America.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-05-16

commercially.
Salvador is the smallest of the
American republics. Ii IL the only =
Of the Central American States lying
entirely on the Pacific Ocean. IL has
an area of about 7,225 square miles,
and a population OF l.I0c,00o. or 1926
per square milo, compared to Hon
duras's 10 per square mile. Two
mountain chains cross the country al
most the entire length. Coffee, cacao.
tobacco, indigo, rubber and Peruvian
balsam are the most important prod
ucts. Gold and silver are mined.
Improve In Travel.
Conditions of travel TO and from
Central America and the United States
have been undergoing remarkable
changes, as witness these notes by a
tourist:
Ten years Z I crossed the Gulf
Of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea for
the first time. ! travelled In a nasty
little Norwegian banana tramp, which
had we pens called staterooms, with
three beds apiece, but rs soon as the
steamer entered the tropics the only
decent place to sleep wns the deck.
Panama was then abandoned by the
French, ignored by the Colomhlans,
II abused generally by the whole
world. Business was at a %standstill.
The wharves were rotting. although
boats tied up 10 them because there
was some traffic across the isthmus
for the west coasts Of Central and
South America.
Colon and Panama were fever
beds; the only habitablc hotels were
the Central in Panama and the WASH
ington In Colon, the two cities being
otherwise dirty, picturesque and for
eign. Even five years ago, when the
activities of the present regime had
been well begun, transportation facil-
tiles were somewhat subject to criti-
cism. Business was better. hut there
was a good deal Of gamble about II.
Prosperity OF the isthmus might last,
but quick sales for cash was the rule,
and no great study was given to the
future.
To-day a miracle has been accom-
plished before our eyes, Everybody
knows what hygienic changes have
tiN'i Plu't, buN NV bpdN 10
aware Of the real national spirit and
ambition in the Republic Of Panama
itself, The country is actually grow
ing, and its consuming power outside
the zone Is ~noticeably progressive,
Business in Panama Is now almost
altogether in the hands of the for
eigner. Americans don't count for
much, and 1t Is their wi fault, too.
II have just been to Panama. What
a change In the travelling conditions!
l left New Orleans In as comfortable
a steamer al eve stirred salt water
The appointments We're as first class
as any traveller could wish. These
boats run on a regular schedule OF Ave
| DAYS between New Orleans and Colon.
There are others, equally comfortable
and regular, OF several lines, between
New York and Colon, so that the trip
as far as concerns convenience in
| travelling, Is. even pleasanter than
crossing the Atlantic.
when ! landed at Colon, too, |
The Seward gateway., 1915-01-22
LONDON PAPER DOUBTS U. s.

LONDON Jan. 22-The London Spectator one of the leading publications of England comes out today with leading editorial headed by the words Great Danger in which expresses anxiety and alarm at the way in which Britain is drifting towards the danger of collision with the United States The article praises the good feeling towards England of many prominent Americans but 1t resentS the indifference and caIOusneSS toward Great Britain and her cause which shown by the United States government
 From the tone of the editorial it is clear that the pro- tests made by the United States against the of dealing with American ships and cargoes could be very well avoided if the United States were willing to give Great Britain the advantage which her command Of the seas entitled her to- It must be stated that the article presses the feeling of great body of British people and may have been inspired by the authorities London pa usually ask the advice of the office before saying any usually ask the advice of he office before saying any thing that might embarTas the government