davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1915-03-19
Shades Of Red.

Various shades of red. such as
beetroot, geranium. cerise and mill.
tary red are favored by fashion.
These brilliant tints help to brighten
the dark colors which are popular.
The monotony Of black, tete de negre
and midnight blue shades in vogue
is relieved by an occasional dash Of
brightness, such as cerise or similar
colors.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1915-03-19

white chiffon, leghorn crown and flow.
er-trimmed.
The poke bonnet is OF leghorn with
facing of figured crepe.
JULIA BoTTOMLEY.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-11-11
A Mix-Up in Names.

M EAR Juneo. Alaska, there is a
IN prosperous mining town called
Sheep Creek. while at the head of
Cook Inlet there has been for num-
ber of years an insignificant and prac-
tically unknown place, a mining viii
lage known as Ship Creek. In antici-
patton of the boom caused by the pro-
posed new government railroad last
year Ship Creek began to receive a
great deal of freight from various ves-
sells plying from Seattle to Cook Inlet,
and the similarity between the names
of the two settlements caused consid-
erable confusion. Sheep Creek re-
ceived several shipments of freight in
tended for Ship Creek.
Because of this state of affairs the
Alaska railroad commission, as well as
the heads of steamship companies, re-
quested that Ship Creek be changed
to Woodrow Creek. The matter was
formally placed before the national
geographic board, which has sole juris-
diction In passing on geographic
names. Early in last November the
name was changed, and the coast and
geodetic survey was notified. The new
name applied not only to the creek it
self but to the settlement which had
sprung up.
Since that time the Post Office De-
partment has given the name of
Anchorage to the post Office at Wood
row Creek.
The national geographic board is the
only organization which has the right
to change the name of town, river or
mountain, but the Post Office Depart
ment reserves the right to change tho
aRnle of a post office.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-11-11
Efficiency.

IULIUS S. MORGAN, grandson of
81 ]. p. Morgan, who spent some time
in Paris as a military chauffeur, re-
lated in New York, among other very
interesting experiences, the following
story:
1.-The Germans" said young Mr.. Nor
gan, "are not so wonderfully efficient
as they are generally thought to be.
Their long and careful preparation for
the war gave them handicap over
the allies. We are apt to forget. this
handicap and put their success down
to their efficiency"
Mr. Morgan smiled.
when ] hear all this ef1clenoy talkt
he said, "I remember the prisoner.
"a prisoner interned in a prisoners
camp in France was being interrogated
by an official delegated by neutral
country to report on the treatment of
French prisoners of war. To the of
ficiaPs questions the prisoner respond
ed in bad English thus:
"TYes, sirrah, 1 be full comfortable.
Eating me comes regularly and In sat
isfaction. have not much to work.
I am gwen to read and in health l am
good. There is to sleep in bed COM
Portable and letters from home me
'rhe official before passing to the
next prisoner said:
"'Thank you. And what is your pro-
"I am professor in English at home,
sirrah," the prisoner answered, not
without a touch of PRIDE
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-11-11
Origin of MuCh-Used Sayings.

S6TV licking the bucket" is an ir-
IL reverent way of expressing a
PERSONS death. The expression orig
mated at the time when a man named
Balsoever tried to commit suicide by
stood on n high bucket which he
kicked away from him when he had
adjusted the rope. A neighbor res
cued him and in his disappointment
he said:
Whats the matter? I thought I
kicked the bucket"
The origin of 20. X" is ascribed to
President Andrew Jackson. who was
noted for his bad spelling, He in
dorsed his papers 30. k" thinking
these were the proper initials for ali
correct.
In that's the ticket" ticket is cor
rupted from the French word etiquette.
meaning that which is in good form or
right.
Hes a brick" is a complimentary ex-
preston, but few know why. When
Lycurgus was King of Sparta, over two
thousand years ago, an eastern ambas-
sador visited him and was astonished
to find no walls around the city When
he questioned Lycurgus about this, the
latter took him out to a plain where
the Spartan army stood in order of
battle. There" said Lycurgus 'are
the walls of Sparta and every man a
brick"
The ceiling in the old Drury Lane
Theater of London was painted to rep
resent Olympus with gods sitting
among the clouds. The upper gallery
pie who sat there were spoken of as
sitting among the gods. Later the oc-
cupants themselves were called the
gallery gods"
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-11-11
Good Criticism.

eSNz OU don't have to be military ex-
pert to know very we'll just how
the war is going," said Henry Clews at
a dinner in New York. &.
An old fellow was talking to me about
the war the other day. His ignorance
of tactics and strategy, his ignorance
even of geography, was immense. He
passed, however, as acute a war judg-
ment as Mai Moraht of the Berliner
Tageblatt or Col. Remington of the
London Times could do. His criticism
was this:
"T must say. sir, them there Darda-
nelles is showin' themselves to be bet
ter fighters than anybody thought they
would"
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-11-11

construction. Among them is the
Schley, designed to make surface
speed of twenty knots. Congress has
made appropriations for eighteen more,
two of which are to be of seagoing
type and are expected to make twenty
five knots.
Aside from the many other purposes
the submarine, in this country, has al
ways been regarded as possessing great
value for coast defense.
Annoyance and damage would attend
an attack of warships upon our coast.
but no invasion could follow until
transports were sent to convey the
necessary troops. Whether this could
be done successfully is a question
which cannot be determined except by
experiment. There are demonstrations
pointing either way. The British fleet
cannot lie very close to the German
coast, because the submarines of the
latter are too dangerous. The German
submarines cannot prevent the trans
portation of men and arms from Eng
land to France, because the aeroplanes,
destroyers and scout cruisers guard
the way too effectively.
In July, 1914. England had thirty six,
Germany twenty, France twelve dread
naughts, built or building. The same
nations respectively had forty, twenty
and eighteen predreadnaughts. At the
present time the United States has six
teen dreadnaughts, and twenty-three
predreadnaughtS.
The efficiency of fighting ship. when
Ii goes into commission, depends upon
the constructor, and thereafter upon
the way 1t is handled and maintained.
This involves the departmental super
vision and the ships company.
The last Congress passed a naval re-
serve bill to attract the men to re-
body of highly trained men ready to
respond when called upon In time of
need to man the reserve ships of the
navy. 1t is too early to determine how
effectively this will operate, but for
the months of March. April and May,
the re-enlistments were respectively
81. 70 and 80 per cent, as against 5S
per cent before the bill went into eff
feet.
are not available, but the navy Is lend
ing all the aid in it's power to develop
this branch, because 1t brings into con-
tact with the service men of a first
rate type, who need only seasoning to
he of great value as an addition to the
No mention is here made of colliers,
hospital ships, repair ships, scout crui-
sers or mother repair ships for sub
marines.
No thought has been directed to the
use of the navy for any purpose other
than as the first line of defense against
There is no doubt IL the great con-
hict were confined to Germany and
could be bottled up, that the German
army would successfully invade Eng
land. but the English navy could not
hA dAfsatsd- SO tina island would he
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-11-11
A Poor Dresser.

m BERRY WALL, who for num-
Eo ber of years has been Americas
undisputed arbIter elegantiarum-or,
to put it more colloqually, king of the
in New York the
appareI of a young millionaire.
HE has lots of Clothes" said Mr..
Wall, "but he wears them wrong. He
wears a plaid lounge suit where he
ought to wear a black morning coat.
He wears on 9Th avenue costumes in
tended for country walks or for yacht
ing cruises.
an fact" Mr.. Wall concluded, "he's
the sort of chap who would put on an
aviators rig to take a ride in the
subway"
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-11-11
No Money for Meat.

G IR CECIL sPRING-RICE praised at
~ dinner in Washington the PEN.
sions and allowances made by the
English government in the present
war.
ioThe English government after this
war" he said, won't have to be
charged with neglect, parsimony or
ingratitude.
"After this war the schooIboy's def
milton of a veteran won't have the
ring of truth that it may have some-
times had in the past.
"a schoolboy. you know, once wrote
I'm his examination paper:
"tAn old soldier is called . vege@
TARTAN"
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-11-11
DOUBIE PRoPFLLERS AND DOUBLE R1IDDERs OF
NOrIvE. End OF WHITEHEAD ToRPEDo

believe to be right, I am always glad to
have published all proper Information
of failures as well as of successes-in
order that thoughtful people may know
our own resources and what they may
possibly be called upon to meet. The
people can then make their own deduc-
tions as to what additions they should
Insist upon having made for the navy.
''Of course, the more spectacular things
are hydroaeropanes, fast ships and sub
marines; but one must not forget meas
ures for increasing the efficiency of the
enlisted men by the creation of naval
reserve. the development of the naval
militia and the creation of the advisory
board to aid scientific and inventive ac-
tivities."
*
The hydroaeroplane, which differs from
the ordinary flying machine i'll that, by
means of pontoons. instead of wheels, it
is able to rest upon and to take flight
from the water, has demonstrated its use
fulness The difficulty of procuring a
machine which will accomplish this, and
be able to make long flights over the sea
with no chance to come to earth for rest
and repair, is very great.
In August, 1914, the English navy pos
sessed some of various designs. 1t is be-
lieyed that their number has been con-
sderably increased, for, 1T is said, 900
air pilots are now attached to this serv-
ice They have done good scouting serv-
ice, and have made some raids upon
German stations in Belgium. The French
and Russians are believed to have had but
few hydroaeroplanes when war was de-
clared.
The Germans possessed few, If any, of
these machines for their navy, but their
aeroplanes have done fine service for
their fleets in scouting from Kiel to Hell
goland and out upon the North and the
Baltic seas. 1t is probable that if Ad-
miral Graf Won Specs fleet had pos
sessed one or more of these fliers he
would not have been led into attack upon
the English at the Falklands with the
loss of his entire fleet.
One of the most important things for
the allies is to maintain safe way to
transport troops and munitions from Eng
land TO France, and many have wondered
why the German submarines did not pre-
vent the sending of these supplies instead
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-11-11
Painful Experience.

EDWARD F. CROKER, ex-chief of
Ia the New York Fire Department,
discussing the terrible steamboat dis
aster on Lake Michigan last month.
said:
"a strict enforcement of the steam
boat laws would have averted this dis
aster. But we don't enforce our laws
sity.
Experience. the suffering of expe-
rience-we are nothing without that"
With a pensive smile he ended:
1.-The bump of knowledge is always
the result of a very hard whaek from
the hammer of experience"
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-11-11

Bushnell, with engines added. Laubeuf,
in France, completed his design about
the same time. Later the Italian
laurent designed a type of subma-
rine. These are the three leading de-
signs in use.
In 1883, Ill years after Bushnell's at
tack, the French built the first modern
submarine for their navy. Other ma
tions soon followed, Germany being
about the last of the great nations to
adopt them.
One can do no more than guess at
the present numbers of these boats.
Just before the war, according to Dom
ville-Fife, an English engineer, the
leading nations were supplied about as
follows: England had 80 built and 20
building-nearly all of the Holland
type. They ranged, their A class with
length of $50 feet, speed of IL knots
on the surface and knots submerged.
to their + class. with a length of 176
feet, displacement of 500 tons and a
speed of 1910 knots, and a cruising
range of 5000 miles. Two of these
Australia, without convoy, 1900 miles.
OF the twenty-five new boats then
building some were of the laurent,
some of the Laubeuf and some of a
new, the Vicker's, type. Some of these
are of 1900 tons displacement and have
a designed speed of 20.12 knots.
"a
When war was declared France had
ninety-two submarines in active serv-
ice with nine large ones under con-
struction. Russia had thirty-seven
submarines in service and nineteen un-
der construction.
At this time Germany was said to
have thirty submarines, all of which
had been put in perfect condition, their
older boats modernized and six new
ones nearly completed. A large per-
sonnel had been trained and their sub
marine fleet was ready. Their speed
is supposed to run from twelve to eight
knots in their early boats to the u 29
class of 900 tons and a speed of eight
cen to ten knots. The German heavy
oil engines have stood the hardest tests
and probably stand up" better than
any others.
The Austrian navy had six subma-
rines and the Italian nineteen when
war was declared. The latter also hav-
ing eight of nearly 1000 tons under
construction. More than 10000 espe-
cially trained enlisted men and officers
posed to each other in war. Officers
and men of peculiar fitness and thor
ough training are required, otherwise
a mishap puts the boat out of commits
sion.
.bers rather lower, but the difference
arises because they have disregarded
the smaller and nearly obsolete boats.
which Domville-Flfe has included. In
the American navy there are thirty
seven submarines in service. They
range from the Plunger and Fulton of
the A class to the latest boats, but their
speed and designs are not made public
TharA ora tz,AntH in various ataasAs az
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-11-11
Special Correspondence

WASHINGTON. u. c..
nnE11'HE first need of the American
W navy" says Secretary Of the
Navy Daniels, "is 100 per
& cent efficiency for our per-
sonnel and our material. and this can be
,Sttained only by every officer and enlisted
man keeping himself and everything in
trusted to him in perfect condition.
mean by this, that every one in a re-
sponsible position must keep the good of
the whole navy constantly within the
range of his vision; he must not allow
his horizon to be bounded by the limits
of his immediate command. The captain
must look beyond his own ship and have
q mind to the success Of the squadron to
which he is attached; the admiral, look
ing beyond his own fleet, must be prepared
at any time for possible junction with
another fleet. The bureau chief must not
allow his vision to be narrowed to the
bounds of his bureau, but be thinking how
TO coordinate it with the other bureaus
for the good Of the navy. 1 have conf
deuce that we are steadily advancing in
this respect all the while.
THE second requirement of the navy
is the addition of such men, munitions
and shiUS as may be necessary. These
additions in men and material can be OBJ
tanned only by the action of Congress.
The Secretary has no authority to make
such additions, but l will make suitable
recommendation in my annual report.
The European conflict has confirmed
the need of changes advocated by our ex-
perts. Our Congress, which is responsible
TO the nation, not only for carefully con-
serving the public funds, but for MAIN
tanning navy for the common Defense
will doubtless act with the same patriotic
motives which prompted the last Con-
gress to provide for more submarines than
the department had originally recon-
mended. because subsequent to my report
the performances of submarines in Euro
pean waters showed the worth of such
craft, especially in harbor and coast de-
fense, and 1 asked Congress in my hear
ings to appropriate for as many ad-
ditional submarines as the revenues
would permit.
at is the duty of my department to
lay before Congress the needs of the
navy, especially with respect to those
matters which the European conflict has
proven to be of real value. Thus Con-
gress will be able to deliberate and act
intelligently, and If to my recommenda-
tions we can add that the navy has main
tanned itself up to the highest state of
excellence I do not doubt for an instant
that Congress will add Whatever the navy
may need.
But, since Congress will make ap-
propriations only for what the people
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-11-11

Secretary Daniels, in
an Interview, Says the
First Requisite Is 100
Per Cent Efficiency for
Personnel and Material.
Every One in a Re-
sponslble Position Must
Keep the Good of the
Whole Navy Constant
ly Within His Vision.
The Addition of Men,
Munitions and Ships.
Measures for Increasing
the Efficiency OF the
Enlisted Men-Devel-
opment of the Naval
Militia-Ad dvis ory
Board to Aid Scientific
and Inventive Activi-
ties.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-11-11

safe. Except that it takes days, instead
of hours, to cross the sea, the same
principle applies to q foreign invasion
of this country. Ships cannot be built
in a few weeks or months Years are
required for submarine or destroyer,
and several for battleship, at least in
time of peace. Men canot be trained in
a short time. Six months are required
to prepare a recruit, and the crew of a
battleship cannot be improvised.
1t is not claimed that the figures
given above are exact, since no navy In
the world will allow it's latest figures to
be made public, but they are as nearly
comparison.
No attempt has been made to draw
deductions or differences; any one who
thinks will do it for himself
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-11-11

The policy of the United States navy
has been to maintain the ship which
can defeat it's enemy when it comes to
grips. The supreme object of the navy
is to maintain an absolute line of de-
tense against invasion. and it may be
that this can be done best by means of
the swift ships able TO escape or to
choose attack.
The swift, heavily armed battle cruiser,
wherein armor is sacrificed to speed, is
very expensive to build and to maintain.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-11-11

Whether it should supersede the slower
but more powerful dreadnaughts wheth-
er they are a necessary supplement to
tthem, or whether for the purpose of de-
Tense, armor should make way for
speed, are questions to be determined
only by most careful study by the ablest
men of the facts. when they are known,
OF the European naval war.
The United States navy has no battle
cruisers and no provision for their con-
structlon. 1t has ten old armored cruis-
ers of about $4,000 tons displacement
one time speed of twenty-five knots, and
main batteries of four eight-inch and
fourteen siX-inch guns
1t has five first-class cruisers, of about
$500 tons and a speed of twenty-one
knots; four second-class cruisers, fifteen
third-class cruisers of between 5000
and 1000 tons-all old boats of a type
no longer constructed-and some moui-
tors; thirty gunboats of varied size, slow
speed and venerable age.
In July, 1914. England had ten battle
cruisers of more than %. 900 tons; Ger
many eight of nearly the same class;
Japan, two of $4,000 tons
torpedo boats, as originally con-
c-fved, were small, of very high speed
upon hostile ships which they sought
to destroy by means of torpedo
launched with considerable accuracy
from the torpedo tube with which they
We're provided. They have been super
seded by the destroyer, whish was de-
signed to drive off the torpedo boat
and by the more lately developed sub
marine. The torpedo boat has become
of little consequence, but the destroyer
is one of the most important classes of
fingers some of the picturesqueness Of
the fighting ship. even though their
graceful hulls are filled with powerful,
complicated, whirling machinery
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1915-11-11

Shortly before the outbreak of the
war England had 167 of these destroy
ers, of which some of the latest were
credited with a speed of thirty-six
knots; Germany had 100, France 81, be-
sides 1876 torpedo boats; Italy 6S, and
Austria Hungary SO.
The United States has 62 of them. The
best are about 800 feet long. 80 feet
beam, draw feet, have a displaee-
ment of 1000 tons. burn oil fuel have
speed of 80 knots, have a ships COM
pany Of hundred men and officers and
carry two or more 1S-inch tubes for
Whitehead torpedoes. The oldest of
these boats were completed in 1900. Six
new ones to be a little larger and
rather more speedy than any of the
others will soon be under construction.
"BushnelFs torpedo" the first Ameri-
can submarine. in 1777 failed to destroy
the flagship of the British squadron in
New York harbor only because his tor
pedo could not be properly discharged
But submerged. he sailed under the
feet and demonstrated the possibility
of this type of boat. His invention was
through the aid of Thomas Jefferson,
American minister to France, made
known to the French. About 1896 Hoi-
land, In this country, constructed his
submarine. somewhat similar to th~
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1915-12-31
FEWER MILES OF
RAILROAD BUILT

CHICAGO. Dec. 30.-Fewer miles OF
railroad were built ia The United States
curing 1918 than IN any other year since
1888. ana more miles Of railroad were tn
receivers hands during the year than
ever before, according 10 railway statis-
ties com piled from official sources by
The Railway Age Gazette and made pub
nc tonight There have been only three
other years since 1915 In which the in
crease In railway mileage was less than
l,uuV. and these were the war years Of
1851. 1862 and 1864
IN 1915 the total miles Of new rail-
road constructed in the United states
were 93S. compared with 1882 in 1914
ana a,o4l in 1918. There also was a re-
duction In the second traczagc built
canadian roads built TlS miles OF
new hrst track. as compared with 1875
IN 1914. According 10 the statistics
quoted. receivers now hold and oper-
ate 1851 miles OF railroad. with "a to-
tai FUNDED debt Of 81 500. Eg5 300 and "a
lotd icapltul stock OF S1f4.O0fh0I The
roads in the hands OF receivers repre-
sent nearly sixth or tho total mileage
ana capt. alization OF the railroads OF
the United States
Statistics on the number % new cars
ana locomotives ordered during 1915
show that there was an Increase over
1914 hut was email,r than any other
year IN recent times. except 1905. The
tulk OF orders o. IS o.. ar was placed dur
Ing the last three months