davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1915-12-26

cost less than s34,00O.0 900. and the pur-
chases of Great Britain were only a
little more than three millions. In
that year Brazil exported something
like $4,000 tons of rubber, and $1,000
tons of that went to the United States.
Nevertheless, in 1912 we sold less
goods to Brazil than either Germany
or the United Kingdom, and the British
outsold us by more than SO per cent.
-
The present situation in Europe is
such that a great part of the European
exports must be cut off. Germany has
been annually selling Brazil something
like $55.OOO,000 worth of her products,
France more than s30.OoO.O00. Austria
Hungary more than s1S.000,000, and
Belgium goods to the amount of sone-
thing like $s,O0o.000. Great Britain has
led all other nations, her total sales in
1913 having been almost $S0,000.000.
With the exception of Great Britain
the trade of all these nations has been
practically cut off. and the chances for
the introduction of American goods
are great
These opportunities have been in
creased by the establishment of a
branch of one of our chief banks In
Rio de Janeiro. The National City
Bank of New York has opened a house
there, and from, now on our financial
connections with the country will be
close The development of Brazil must
be done with foreign capital, and in
the future a large part of that capital
must come from the United States. A
great deal of money has been recently
invested in Brazilian electric and rail-
way bonds, and some of the British
undertakings that are now in course
of projection are to be backed by
American capital. I have already writ
ten of the enormous iron deposits,
amounting to billions of tons, which
are under option to syndicate of our
multi-millionaires. There are cattle
lands in Matto Crosse now in charge
of American cowboys, and there is a
great meat-packing establishment at
Sac Paulo which has been built With
American money, and from which in
Evening star., 1915-12-26

gre in the far south are being made
sanitary. There Is no yellow fever
anywhere and one can live just as
safely in Rio and Santos as in New
York or New Orleans.
An enormous amount OF money mas
been spent on the harbors OF Brazil.
The new improvements being made az
Bahia will provide line OF quays tnat
of the water front for more than two
miles. The depth alongside the quays
is 26 feet and at the docks edge ~
feet; and in addition the new port Will
have a further length of mile along
the existing shore line. Back of the
quays fifteen great warehouses are to
be built. and the improvements alto
gether will cost over $22,000.o00.
Similar improvements are going on
all along the coast. About thirteen
years ago law was enacted authoriz-
ing each port to issue bonds insured by
the revenues of the port and also to i'm
pose certain taxations for the improve
ment of the harbors. Private COM
panies were also authorized to con-
struct harbor works on liberal terms,
and as result contracts were let run
ming high into the millions. Many OF
and that not only along the coast, but
up the rivers. Manaos has been build
ing quay walls. floating piers and ware
houses. and there are something like
1900 steamers a year that now call
there. Para has harbor improvements
put in by a company chartered in
Maine. and this company has an au-
thorized capital of over $32,0O0.000. 1t
has been constructing quays and ware
houses and also floating docks. dry
docks and repair shops.
Pernambuco, or rather Recife, the
nearest port to Europe. has plans for
reconstructing the great natural harbor
made by a long reef that runs parallel
with the coast, forming safe water
way pierced by two channels. The es-
innate for the work there Is about
$4,000, 900, and the time for its COM
new port works. Rio de Janeiro has
spent millions upon it's warehouses.
quays and landing arrangements. and
Evening star., 1915-12-26
The 0ptimist.

~ HARLES F. MURPHY. the Tam
" many leader, praising optimism.
said:
when / am looking for CHEEKY,
bracing optimism, / often think OF the
street musician playing Christians
Awake on a cornet in the midst OF
driving snowstorm on Christmas day
THE snow fell, the wind blew, and
the musician, standing in deep dritt,
footed away when a lady passed.
THE man looked down at his shabby
attire and said to himself proudly and
optimistically:
".How lucky it's only my shoes that's
full of holes. They don't show at all
in this deep snow"
Evening star., 1915-12-26

the near future chilled beef will prob.
ably go to the United States.
The government Of Brasil is anxious
viii ask us to lake some Of It's bonds.
The total foreign debt Of the republic
is now less than a billion dollars. This
is held almost wholly In Europe. q great
Rothschilds. Much Of the foreign loans
Of the future will probably be placed
Until now. England has been getting
tween srasii ana the United States.
AS I have said. that trade amounts
to more than $1oo.o6o.ooo per an
mum, and the money has had to 20
through London. the most OF It being
pence on its way to and from dollars
and Brazilian reis. At per cent the
charge for Its exchange would be q
million dollars year. which IL tidy
sum for clearing house privileges.
There are also many other charges
that go with this exchange OF the
money, and these prevail to such an ex-
tent that both the United States and
Brasil have been steadily MIXED Of
their profits by tho bankers Of Thread
needle street.
The matter Of freight 10 even worse
than that Of banking. The European
steamship companies have had a COM
bination by which they have prevented
any American steamship line being run
at a profit between the United States
and Brazil. This has been so notwfth-
standing we have taken the greater
part Of the exports. As I have said. We
buy the bulk Of the coffee crop. but
England, France and Germany have SO
arranged that American ships going
to Santos could not get carEoes. and 20
that IL they took American goods to
Brazil they could not get any freight
to speak Of for return, except iron or
heavy stuff that went as ballast. A
few years ago a steamship line was or
ganized to go from New orleans to hio
communication with those ports. and 1t
was thought that there would be a
steady stream Of coffee going north by
the new line to the mouth Of the Mis-
sissippi- There was mot: Tne comee
They took It there on their way to
Europe, loading at New Orleans with
cotton and thence going to England or
Germany. and bringing back European
the possibility of cheap American
freights. Had the coffee come In
American vessels the ships would have
gone straight back with provisions and
other supplies from inc AtIhHtiC AHo
gulf states. they took similar supplies
but they were from England or Ger
many The steamship combination saw
to it that the United States got ne ad-
vantage through her reciprocal trade
relations with Brazil.
AS have said, we are Brasirs chief
customer She puts an export tax on
her coffee. and In return has been CIV
ing us a preferential duty AZ to certain
things we sell her. Among these are
cement, -four certain kinds OF machin-
cry and other products. What the
European steamship companies did was
to charge an extra freight rate on all
such goods when they were sent from
the United States to Brazil. This
freight rate was SO high that 1t ena-
bled Europe to send the same goods at
an equal or less price than we could
sell them, and made our national re-
ciprocal arrangement of no value what
ever For instance. tive got 20 cents
off the duty on a barrel of cement. the
steamship company would add 20 cents
on the freight of that barrel. and 80
the European cement, which was
Evening star., 1915-12-26
IntoIerabIe.

~ EORGE LUKS. the New York paint
VI er, attended a studio tea in WASH
ington Square last week.
Mr. Luks. like all conscientious art
lists, gives no praise except sincere
praise, and hence praise from him 10
valued. None fell from his lips. how
ever, at the studio tea in question.
The host a rich sculptor. finally led
Mr.. Luks to a statuette of a dancing
faun and said. desperately:
Come. come. Luke. admit that this 10
at least tolerable?'
my dear fellow" the artist drawled.
what is your opinion of a tolerabls
egRT"
Evening star., 1915-12-26

as it has to install and maintain the
lighting systems. And only the very
best systems are permitted in Uncle
SANS navy. All of which means the
possession by the bureau of special en-
gineering talent in each of these de-
partments.
In fact, the electrical division Is one
Of the most important in the bureau.
At the head of It Is Lieut.. Commander
Herbert G. Sparrow, u. s. N. an officer
of marked ability in electrical matters.
who also has the assistance of a staff
of commissioned and civilian technolo-
gists. Here are considered all matters
pertaining to electrical matters. includ-
Ing lighting and power, storage bat
teries and wiring. all important for do
mestic purposes and many of them of
vital importance for purposes of offense
and defense.
!. The matter of searchlights may not
Evening star., 1915-12-26

appear very important when jumbled
in here with all this list of electrical
activities with which the bureau con-
Importance An entire infant science
has been built up about searchlights.
In the electrical division of the bureau
is all the knowledge extant on the sub
ject.
1t was in the bureau of steam engi-
neering that the whole extensive naval
radio system was developed and grew
up. So important is the wireless. or
the bureau does nothinE~but look after
the needs of the navy in this direction.
This division is presided over by Lieut..
Stanford c. Hooper, U. S. n, until re-
Gently radio officer of the Atlantic feet
and a recognized authority on the sub
ject of radio communication. Closely
aff1liated with this division is a tech
Evening star., 1915-12-26

proportion of fuel oil ever growing.
All fuel must pass the inspection OF
the bureau Of steam engineering, en-
in making tests preliminary 70 .nH
letting of annual contracts the bureau
insists on rigorous actual steamlns
tests. In Alaska the navy has its own
reservations of high,grade steamtng ing
extensive oil-feld reservations, insur
ance that the navy will never want
for source of supply.
practice has not demonstrated that Oil
as fuel, measured in dollars ana
cents, is actually cheaper than coal;
but oil has certain mechanical ana
military advantages. With Oil there ID
no trouble with dirty fires and the dls-
posal of ashes, and always there Is the
certainty that the maximum power
NAV be secured from the boilers ana
maintained. And the question OF stoI
age comes in. Weight for weight oh ~
per cent greater mileage can De ou-
tanned from oil than from coal.
In working out the many problems oI
fuel and motive power. the bureau mas
the services of an experimental station
at Annapolis, but there, pecause oi
small appropriations, no very extehdeu
work can yet be undertaken. Againse
the $50, 900 year given for the main
tenance Of that experimental plant the
recently constituted advisory board OF
scientists and inventors estimates tnat
$4,000. 900 year should be spent on re-
search and experiment.
4
The designing in this technical bu-
reau and the making of engines Tor
the larger craft is not the only thing
in this realm of motive power. every
ship must have her equipment OF steam
and gasoline launches. and as saso-
line has made great advances over
steam for craft of this class the bu.
reau has to know all about internal
When. however, one gets into the
matter of what may be termed the mi
nor machinery still more extensive
field requiring greatly varied engin-
eering skill opens up. kerr Relfiseraeon era On
course. is necessary on the modern Ves-
sci. and the bureau Of steam engineer
ing has to provide the refrigeration
and the machines.
Hence. any time you can get Admiral
Griffin into n learned discussion OF the
relative merits of refrigeration by the
ammonia process. the carbonic amy
drid process or the use OF dense air.
And on the subject of the dlstillation
of water he can discourse with enthu-
siasm. Each ship has to be equipped
to distill water for the boilers and the
people aboard. 1t distills from $4,000
to 10000 gallons a day. And, OF course,
there is the heating matter.
No apartment house dwellers are
more hnicky about the proper heating
of their fats than are the men who go
down to the sea In ships. Steam heat
and electric heat both are used on the
vessels of the navy. The PROFESSION OF
heating engineer Is practiced inten-
sively in this bureau.
Every ship is practically small
town by itself. with all the needs and
requirements of the average commu-
nifty. Systems of communication-tele
phones, telegraphs, call bells, bu1zers
and the like-are among these, and the
bureau OF steam engineering has to in.
Evening star., 1915-12-26
Still Remembered.

ss HEY still repeat in Chicago and the
west a Christmas witticism of
George AIDES. enunciated at a Christ
mas dance in the early ninetles.
A very pretty young lady said to
Mr.. Ade at this dance:
what do you think, OF our scheme
of decoration-holly leaves over
laurel?"
well. to be frank" the brilliant
bachelor replied. ''rd much prefer mis-
tletoe over yew."
Evening star., 1915-12-26

nical laboratory which the bureau OF
steam engineering maintains at the ou-
reau of standards. and which Is pre-
sided over by DR.. L. P. Austin. an emf.
nent physicist to whom Is referred
questions of fine measurements In the
art. In addition to this. much work OF
a research nature is carried on at the
New York and Washington navy yards.
The officers who have been most in
timately associated with this develop
ment are Capt. s. s. Robson. Com
mander David w. Todd and Lieut.. Com
manders George c. Sweet and Arthur
]. Hepburn, officers no longer with the
bureau. but who pioneered in the radio
field and assisted in creating the won
derfully efficient service Of today. I'm
der this division the big new high
power radio stations on the iathmus.
the gulf, the west coast and in the
Philippines are being built.
From all this you may have gained
some idea Of the variety and complexity
of the responsibilities of the bureau
of steam engineering Assemble all
these many classes OF machinery aboard
ship, bearing in mind how prone hu-
entirely automatic, self-tending and In
destructible, and lot your mind dwell on
the possibilities of trouble that lie
therein. Doesn't it loom big?
In the maintenance Of the fleet there
is a vast amount of work to be done In
keeping all the machinery in condition.
for the unreadiness of the machinery
means the unreadiness of the ship. and
BILE in the catalogue of military sins.
All requests for repairs emanating from
the ships must be passed on by the
bureau to determine II the repairs
= ~ 81 kAx, ckx~
be done in the manner requested.
This requires that there be kept In
stock large amount OF materials Of
the class that Is in constant use and
that cannot always be obtained spesd.
lily in the market. Foresight and close
attention to every unit Of the Meet are
here required.
Then the bureau has control Of the
equipment of shops of the machinery
division in each navy yard. 1t must
see that each yard is equipped to do
everything which the ships based on
that yard may require.
y
STILL in the actual bureau, Admiral
Griffin manages to get along with only
sixteen commissioned officers, although,
of course. he has considerable civilian
technical and clerical help, including
twenty-five draughtsmen. Something
that is OF material assistance to him
is the fact that he has been in the
bureau long and knows it's every activ-
ity Intimately. having done the work
himself. Add to this many years Of
sea service and his qualifications are
apparent. He served a detail in the
bureau in 1S80-96, another, <18sA-s7; =
third. 1s9s-1901. and since 1906 he has
been there continuously. From 1898
to- 1913 he was assistant chief. and
May IS. 1918, he became chief.
ates, he did not owe his appointment
to that institution to any Congress.
man. Back in 1874, when he was Q
Evening star., 1915-12-26

Official Admiral Robert S. Grhtm
u Describes the Bureau Designs Constructs
and Machinery Aboard Ship From ceMakmg
Electrically Craft
Evening star., 1915-12-26
for American Trade i'm Brazil

CARPENTER Money
How the War Affects the Fmnhe New American Bank Rio de ano
Republic Por-nce
Could tSucceedA Combination
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-01-29
WEATHER FORECAST


New Haven. Ja1a. 29 Forecast.
Fair tonight and Saturday, colder to-
night.
Connecticut: Fair tonight and sat
urday, without decided temperature
changes Moderate winds mostly
northwest.
Pleasant weather with low temper
atures prevails this morning in near
" all districts east OF the Rocky
Mountains. Zero temperatures pre-
vail along the northern border from
Montana eastward to Maine. Zero
temperatures extend as Tar south as
Illinois and freezing temperature as
far south as southern Georgia. A
we1I-defined storm area is central
this morning over southern Oregon.
1T is causing unsettled and rainy
weather on the Pacific coast. Los
Angeles, CAL, reported S.Ss inches of
rainfall during the last "A hours.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-01-29
GEORGE G. BEERS
WINS HARD FOUGHT
DIVORCE ACTION

Al long fought divorce suit in
which prominent families figured,
ended in the superior court this at
ternoon when George g. Beers treas
Surer and manager Of the Beers Sales
Co., was granted decree from EHnna
z. Beers OF this city. Desertlon was
the ground. Judge Webb allowed Mrs,
Beers $26 a month for the support Of
Ia minor daughter and also $50 for
counsel fees.
Although Beers inherited consider
able property he claimed his income
at present was about $1,000 q year.
Counsel for the wife brought out.
however, that Beers had a capital of
$21, 900 and also would get in a. few
years large sum from a trust fund.
Mrs. Beers brought q divorce action
several years ago on the ground of
of her husbands opposition. Beers
claimed his wife deserted him Feb.
27, 1911. They were married in 1900.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-01-29
MOVING DAY MONDAY
FOR CITY HALL TENANTS

on Monday the office of the regis
strars Of voters will once again be
transferred from the city hall and
for a time at least, will be located at
annual rental of this office will be
5000. The room on the ground floor
of the city hall now used by the reg
istrars will be added to the tax col
Electer's ONCE. WorImen are cutting
a door from the tax collectors Of
ice. The room will be used by the
clerk who is preparing the personal
tax bills
The personal tax collectors term
ends Monday and tomorrow win be
the last day in the city hall The
city hall committee will have the
desks used by the collectors stored
in the cellar and the office which
they have occupied wiz again become
the aldernanic coat room and recess
room for committees, which it was
originally designed to be.
The north room in the city engi-
neerss office is being divided and City
En- gineer Terry will have in the fu-
ture a private office facing on Bank
street.
r is not likely that the board OF
education will be disturbed at present
although the town clerk wants more
room and there has been talk Of
finding quarters for the board outside
the city hall and sending the town
clerks. copyfsts to work in the of
fees the board now occupies. The
town clerk will in the future use, the
vault in the cellar formerly used for
storing ballot boxes.
During the last year of Mayor Null
yiht1I,a term, 19o3-19e5, the city hail
was renodeled and it was believed
then it would AFFORD aecon 1n1odattons
for ali city Offices. Prior to that time
the board of education had rooms in
the city Savings Bank building and
the registrars had an office in the MAJ
sonic Temple.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-01-29
SCHOONER HERE
AFTER THRIL ING
TRIP IN STORM
Weather Beaten Graft
Makes Local Port, Rig
gi1g Almost Gone

After, being 4tlIffafed for 5a,vs II, f,Y1es
- 49, -. 49,.
: 49, g 49, =
"a rsa esal ss a la.t.sc
s,-e,,t int, T,az.s ,i1s rio.
49, N TS1s,s
2 80. = 3
ST 1
ATaTF1s5,es6 1aas e feyTs S7avs 49,
- 80 1a
neaIner sne eapsaln q the clsM 4aa
szasol $3.50 ~e,.4 - +T,a 1eo35,,d
~, TO-. - rso1s I,;-1a,. 81 and sat
ssi1 for. Ts,.ies ear,o,.t viii, = cargo If
s.T,7 -eF,, tT3sz FI41-
rift Go n vrsz ft,e worst storm.
70 ~ TrI, Il : i $500. +1.,.o5, 1,is
gr13e vaasel. left cold SRisre1. a, Tan.
IN 10 - fI5i,.1r IN The Nova
e,s,o+;a So, +J,s+ <.o,,15 not
49,, = +T,,,1, s,,5 fs,,. two 7s,1rs tl7a
-y o,1s5 - f,1,t - +t,e ss1,il, saw.
: i,e,t,as tI,icIx RI,
.AAsl - .;lae I,ae7.e +,7z,
s. So - ~
- - =. -...s.-s So E,e Ok
- 90 +I,s
- : -
- {. : =. II
49, II a -. s,,iIas ,,er
:, % Z 4t- & - - -.
tAUut. e SHOW sseoln Il Ssit ! -
Ea4e ana apouL Q cloeh AZ LIZ =
ming. Capt keison unaioie 20 shape
MS course. endeaVofed 70 lay MS YES
SCI 70.
Inc Vlolent vino causht Inc 1ill I'll
sail at this point and tore u away
as though It was a pocket hasIdker-
chief With the Er1alnsalI gone u
was lmposs1p Die to lay the Vessel. 70
With all hands on deck the snip then
scudded before the wind. Capt. KEEL
son laying course toward shelter IN
the Harbor of Nahantr Mass on
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-01-29
Won BERN sTORFF GIVES
PLEDGE TO n s.. ABOUT
USE OF FOOD IMPORTS

washington. Jan Count Won
BernstorH the Ger man ambassador,
today sent to the state department a
note formally reiterating the verbal
pledge given recently by him in re-
gard to the American exports of food
stuffs 10 Germany. II said
now beg to state that the Ger
man government gives formal assur-
a41ce that foodstuffs imported from
the United States will not be used
by the government or by the military
or naval authorities and will not
reach any contractors Of the govern
4aent The German government guar
aratees that it will not interfere with
the distribution Of such foodstuffs by
the American importers to the civilian
population exclusively,
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1915-01-29
NON { TO IDENTIFY
TRAIN VICTIM IN
IVES PORT MORGuE
Unclaimed Corpse. Badly
Mangled, Will Be Buried
at Town IS Expense
ESPECIAL to The Farmer. )

- Westport, Jan. 29.-I4ate today the
body Of the man killed west of the
Greens Farms depot yesterday after
noon, remained unidentified at the
naorgue in Fables building. The body
will repose in the Tnorgue, until to-
cation and If not identified by q
o'clock will be transferred to potter's
field for burial. Undertaken Fable
has made efforts to identity the vic
tim but finds his efforts fruit1ess. not
a single trace of identfdcation being
found on the clothing or body.
The man, while walking east on
track three, about 2:3O yesterday af-
ternoon, was struck and instantly
killed by mail train No. 81. The
train was travelling at q high rate
Of speed and on striking the body
mutilated it almost beyond recogni-
ton.
The annual meeting of the local
tro4leymen's union was held last even
ing in Arion hall and officers recently
elected were Installed into Office After
the business session a social hour was
enjoyed.
FIRE Chief Thomas Kirk and AS
sistant Chief Joseph Morton, both
having recently joined the ranks of
the benedicts, will tender a banquet
to the members Of the four local de-
partments on Wednesday evening in
the rooms Oh 441A0 q La.
company on Main street. Invitations
have been sent to the members Of the
IVigilant, Compo. Pioneer and Sauga-
| tuck hose companies and also to the
members of the Westport Fire Police.
The guests will gather at s o'clock
| and will be entertained by vocal and
musical selections until 10 o'clock
when the table will be spread
| The Staples High school basketball
team met defeat at the hands of the
bridgeport Trade School I'VE in the
latter,s gyfl, last evening for the sec
lond time this season, II to 10. The
Big Fiye-Strafford Independent game
resulted in a forfeiture to the former
iThe Stratford contingent started to
trough it in the second hair and the
referee forfeited the game to the To-
Ecals.
i public meeting win he held 1av
1 III vyasfIo1Tt F5istfTir.s.I soriftzT -, m
I al1g3ifoTi,lTn f,f the .Teaa,5r, Nienaori.
/ 7i1,y,a ~ IN fine evening -r,f F-eh. 8 The
feature Of the evening viii he the
ADDRESS Inv the Rev. DR. Charles n.
Hesselgraye. Of South Manchester.