The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1915-03-29

placed the work 81 recognizing
boundaries the remaktng or the map
tbefore-a con Eress, which was called
AZ Jenna in Septemb Der. lS1 The
efforts Of this congress became ap in
definite series or moves for impossible
bargains, and It's deliberations had al
most resulted N war among the bar
gamers, when Napoleon returned
from Elba, and began his march on
Paris March 1, 1s15. Thus stimu-
lated the congress FASTENED with its
task, and, by June 81. the final act
jembodying the Ftreattes of Vienna, was
signed.
The map OF Europe on April ~.
1915. then. was as indeterninate al
thing as is that map today. France
had been crowded back within the
borders Of Roman Gau1. Her boun-
daries were the Pyrenees In the south.
Piedmont. Savoy. Switzerland and
Baden. on the west. and the Neither
lands and Prussia on the northeast.
1t was the France Of Louis XIV. the
France OF before the revolution; and
ii had lost the Netherlands; a great
section OF Central Germany, and a
strip ofscoastal Germany. which Ma
poleon had included in the empire.
But, on April J., the Little Corporal
was planning to defeat the armies or
England, Prussia. Russia and Austria
in detail. and To re-establish. his i'm
nertals France
While the congress In Vienna had;
not reached final action in its work,
the boundaries Of the
New German Confederation
had practically been decided The
new confederation included all oil
German Europe, with the exclusion of
the Netherlands and Denmark. Aus
tria was given the presidency of the
federal diet. The former Grand
Duchy Of Warsaw was made u consti-i
5tutional kingdom under the Russian
crown and the congress confirmed
Russia's possession Of Finland, which
III had conquered from Sweden in
1905. Swedish Pomerania was ceded
to Prussia. The modern German EN-
lpire, with the exclusion Of Austria
and the addition OF the province Of
1SchleswiE, German Poland, and Al
sace-Lorraine, is defined by the boun-
da1ies placed by the Vienna congress
to the German confederation.
Thus the tentative re-arrange-
ment Of a post-Napoleon Europe stood
through April. while the Emperor OF
the French was feverishly engaged III
raising and equipping armies with
which to meet his enveloping enemies
lit was only by his remarkabl BILE enter
prise. that he was able to getstogether
and army Of Sc, 900 by June IL. I'M
the meantime. an austrian army of
52I0.O00 had been assembled upon
the Rhine frontier, and RlssieIlI
army of 100000 was moving up to-
cooperate with the Austrians.
Another Austrian force menaced from
the southeast. and the Prussian and
English armies We're concentrated in
Belgium Napoleon began his final
strategic moves on June s..
Since the overthrow Of Napoleon
and the work Of the congress of
Vienna, the
Changes in Europe
have been those making toward the
tunification OF like peoples, thus the
two great chan ges were the esta blish-
ment of the German empire and of
the Kingdom of Italy. italy was
formed by the congress Of Vienna as
a crazy quiltsOf small states, largely
under the dominance OF Austria.
France found herself within her his
toric boundaries, with the excitable
|unquiet#o of democratic leaven. Russia
emerged as an equal member Of the
European concert Of powers, and
Great Britain began her career as the.
undisputed mistress of the seas.
turkey. having kept her hand out
|of the international pie, got through
with a whole hide, although Russia
sought to have the: Turkish question
brought before congress. Holland was
confirm ed in the possession OF Bel
GUM; and Sweden was compensated
for her loss Of Finland by having
Norway Eivenft to her. Denmark lost
the continental end OF; her terrific to
the Germans