Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1915-05-05
EXPERT TALKS ON
 CLEANUP WORK
Says German Cities Provide
 Model For Americans.
STREET CLEANING SCIENCE.

FrF 70
 waIk-The Sweeping Process Shoufd
 Be Started When No Traffic.is on
 street-Early Morning Best Time. Z
 By FRANK KoEsTER.E 4,.s, The lack of system and want of'tech- nical training on the part of many American. officials in. charge make street cleaning unnecessarily expehsisde, leave the streets in a bad cofflitiSrp and cause the cleaning to be carried out in disagreeable, insanitary way.
 In foreign cities engineers specialize on this subject. Street cleaning has been reduced to science, and economy, efficiency and the comfort and con- venience of the public are considered.
 The purpose of street cleaning is to remove as quickly and as cheaply as possible all foreign matter ill the streets and thus to iconduce, to the health of the public by miinimizipg the cirecuIlAa- e9IA ton of germ laden dust. " ,}'AI,if,4, z The cleaning of streets should be car ried out in systematic and thQropgh manner. The cleaners should proceed in crews with the necessary alparatns both to clean the streets and tile Side walks as well, if necessars, sand the lay out of the, work should be such 'that ho member of the crew needs to wait op the progress of tic other, bit all sIro- lceed jsimu1taneously,. and, when they have H passed through the stpeet the work. will be done, !; The. ;nethon of Ipiecemeal street :cIeanihg.,. with the Householder, sweeping airt { into the street, the street cleaner, .sweeping,;it into piles and tue piles being removed remove ,by wagons, With the occasional passing first lon ili one side of the stfeet and then on the other of some piece. of street cleaning apparatus, results in a contin- ual stirring up of dust to the great dis comfort and inconvenience of all con- cerned, while the street never really
 gets cleaned.
 The number of men in the cleaning crew depends on the kind of machinery
 used. As no machine is capable of
 reaching all parts of the street, cer-
 tain amount of manual sweeping is necessary, especially when the side walks are cleaned in conjunction with the machine sweeping, so that, as indi- cated. the whole width of the street
 will be cleaned at once.
 Must Be Clear of Traffic. In order that such cleaning may pro-
 ceed with efficiency and dispatch, and
 consequently with economy, the streets
 must be practically clear of traffic, as the presence of vehicles, especially l those standing at the curb, greatly de- | lays the work of the crew.
 As the operation of such crew also
 handicaps traffic and as the public pre- l fers to see the streets clean, rather | than to see them being cleaned, it is essential to select suitable hour for cleaning. German cities have conduct ] ed numerous tests for finding out the l most favorable hour. The city Of Dre5- den adopted the practice of cleaning
 the main streets in the early morning
 hours, beginning about o'clock and i finishing the business sections by 6 o'clock, some 20 to 30 per cent of the l entire street area. The cleaning of the
 remainder of the streets proceeds i'm 1 mediately after the main streets are l finished, and the whole city is cleaned by 9 a. m.
 The Early Morning Plan. The advantages of the system are 1 that the cleaning can be carried out by 1 daylight and is consequently better performed tthan when carried out un- der artificial light, that the workmen
 are more efficient as day workers than as night workers, and that during the 1 early morning hours the traffic is at the 1 minimum.
 No refuse may be placed CT tho side
 walk, but must be kept oil the house holders premises in such places as Win
 not cause annoyance to the neighbors.
 As the street cleaning crews may be expected at fixed time daily the householders are able to make their ar engagements accordingly, and thus the whole proceeding is carried out in the
 most expeditions and convenient n,ar- her.
 Most Urgent Dutvs Perhaps the most urgent cf the Gu- lies of the street cleaners Is the re-
 moval from the streets of the carcasses of dead animals, not only On acccul1t of the unsightliness of such objects,
 but also because, especially in summer.
 they are q menace to health. singl-
 larly enough, ir many American cities. including these constantly exploitlng
 thair' civic Improvement plans, there lc
 3 lack of cooperation between the pc-
 lice. to whose notice such matters nat uraily first fall. and the street cleaning
 departments, SC that the carcassaS re-
 main often for days before being re-
 moved.
 It would certainly seem 9 necessary preliminary to street planning to have The ssresis free Of such impediments. sStreet cleaning, machinery. consists nhTshaakG Of three classes- sprinklipsg,
 sweeping and removing apparatus. !.