davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1915-03-21

ligious enthusiasm swept over Wales
The ancient kingdom was burned as by
holy fire: Great revivals were held
Ill each village and town and city
Rachel Paynter, q splendid slip Of .
girl, daughter of barrister whose
forbears had been officers of the crown,
from the time of William the Conquer
or, suddenly came into prominence by
reason of her extraordinary power in
prayer. She swayed huge congress :
tions by her eloquence she brought
thousands to surrender to Christ,
As she grew into Wcmanhood she was
ordained a minister of the Welsh Con
gregational Church. Then came a call
from the Welsh societies in America
and she came 10 this country on an
evangelical mission that was eminent
ly successful. Here, in Indiana, she
met Edward Davies. son of Wales, OF
yeoman stock. whose father early had
migrated to this country, become a
blacksmith, and thence by degrees had
become large manufacturer of Wag-
ons. They loved and married. this son
of yeoman and the daughter of a
county family. a match utterly impos- :
sible in the land of their birth.
Students of heredity may find in the
son a commingling of their qualities
and characteristics, the mysticism
spirituality. imagination and mentality
of the mother and the sound, practical
common sense and business acumen OF
the father.
But is he really d practical man or
merely a dreamer" the business men
of the country who happen not to know
Mr.. Davies are sure to ask.
Politics, while not an exact science
by any means, is considered eminently
practical mans occupation. There Is
notable authority for the statement
Joseph f. Davies, by reason of the
remarkable success he had achieved In
organizing Wisconsin and other west
ern states for Woodrow Wilson in the
pre-convention campaign of 1912. and
by reason Of abilities shown at Balti-
more. was chosen secretary of the dem
ocratic national committee and placed
AS acting chairman, in charge of the
western headquarters. at Chicago
diction.
lie upset some political traditions
he worked along new lines. and he es-
tablished record. Had the north At
did the states under Mr.. Davies 1uris-
diction, added to the south. where a
campaign was not necessary, would
have furnished alone enough votes in
the electoral college to elect Mr.. Will
son. That, of course. was due to the
conditions. But ii is significant that no
mistakes were made and that great
energy was applied in the western
field.
But to go back. Born in Watertown,
Wis, in the centennial year of 1876.
he received his early education in the
public schools of that town and then
enrolled as student at the state uni
versity, at Madison. During his college
career he took many honors. He was
AN intercollegiate debater. participated
in oratorical contests. made the hon
orary scholarship. Phi Beta Kappa
Fraternity and was graduated with
special honors on his thesis, Jury
Evening star., 1915-03-21
ANOTHER VIEW OF THE CHURCH.

something like fifteen years, is the Rev.
Edward Meade, a grandson of Bishop
Meade
1t was in the late SOS or about 1900
that Mrs Phoebe Hearst became inter
ested in this old church. The brick
building was unfit for occupancy by
the congregation and Mrs. Hearst gave
them a temporary place of worship
close by That frame building is called
Hearst Hall. Public attention being
called to the ruinous condition of the
church, patriotic people subscribed
enough to put on a new roof and pro-
vide some pews. Since then the Daugh-
ters of the Revolution, or the Colonial
Danes. have restored the interior of
the church, put in high-back pews.
after the original pattern. marking the
places of the Washington. Fairfax and
Mason pews, and installing the high
pulpit which was feature OF the Epis-
copal churches of colonial days.
1t is a walk of about six miles from
the electric cars at Mount Vernon to
Pohick Church and the road will lead
you around the inclosed lands Of
Mount Vernon, past the site of the
Washington mill, by Woodlawn and
the village of AccotinK. On the line of
the Richmond and Fredericksburg
railroad is a siding. called Pohick, at
which accommodation trains stop, and
a walk of about three-quarters of
mile from that place will bring you to
the church.
Evening star., 1915-03-21

which all Americans should think of rev.
erently, for to look these old walls is
TO recall the struggle OF the nationa |
fathers and to stimulate patriotic senti-
Inent.
The Rambler often strays into tie
Pohick neighborhood. and to recall some
x the facts related with Poflck Church
and its congregation would seem appro-
pirate in view of brief news story which
was published in The Star the other
day that "Plans are foot to raise
funds by small donations from parishes
In every section of the country for an
endowment for old Pohick Church. in
which George Washington worshiped as
boy and man. In the same news ac-
count IL was said that during the revo-
tuition the building became almost ruin,
and the first President practically re-
built it. Since the civil war the people
Of the surrounding country have found
/, extremely difficult 10 keep up the
raurch, and hence the decision of the
EpiscopalianS 10 institute campaign
Tor its endowment. The church belongs
10 the Episcopal diocese OF Richmond.
Pohick Church takes its name from
Evening star., 1915-03-21

ported in the prints of the period as
know-nothings. At the city hall Lieut..
Henderson. who is mentioned as adju-
tant of the battalion. addressed the
marines and is reported to have said:
Men. you have always done your duty
in the service of your country. / ex-
Dect you now to do your duty bravely,
if necessary. in the protection of the
laws and the rights of citizens"
The mob had gotten possession OF a
brass field piece and hauled 1t through
the streets and planted it to fire against
the marines who were now marching
from the city hall to where the rioting
was heaviest near the polling place OF
the first precinct Of the fourth ward.
They charged and captured the can
non before it could be fired. Gun and
pistol fire was coming from the mol
and showers of bricks and stones We're
thrown at the marines. The marines
were ordered to fire one volley with
ball cartridge. The mob broke. Sew
eral dead and wounded men lay in the
streets around the Northern market.
Among the names of the dead and
wounded, the Rambler has no means OF
determining which of the casualties
were caused by the fire of the marines
and which by the shots from the mob.
Evening star., 1915-03-21

5000 for s1,O00,000 or more. Only
1900 are capitalized for s5.000,O00 or
more.
"It is a fact. generally known and
easily demonstrated, that some of the
corporations which practically dom-
nate the trade in certain lines attained
their position by unfair methods OF
eliminating competition. They used
methods which cannot be justified on
any ethical grounds. The power of
mere bulk has given them opportuni-
ties to destroy smaller competitors of
perhaps equal or greater efficiency.
The democratic ideal of government, as
well as considerations of abstract JUS
tice. demands that they be not per-
mitted thus to destroy or to injure.
ITO digress for a moment, the idea of
monopoly is repugnant to all ideals OF
democracy. Wherever there is self
governing nation you will md 1t legis-
Evening star., 1915-03-21
MAIN DOORWAY OF THE OLD CHURCH.

Hall and the people living in that part
of the country called "Gunston Neck"
and Lorton Valley: it was within a rea-
soma BILE ride of Belvoir and the settlers
in the valley of Accotink creek. but it
was drive of about seven miles, per-
haps eight. from Mount Vernon. George
Washington favored the removal of
the church to what he pointed out
would be a more central site, and he
prepared a map of the parish showing
the location of the houses of the mem
bers of the congregation to enforce his
argument George Mason opposed re-
moval, but the members of the congre-
CATION favoring removal prevailed.
Washington s choice of a site was the
top of ridge commanding extensive
views north. south and west and about
two miles nearer Mount Vernon than
the site of the first church.
Construction of the new church build
ing. which was of brick, with light
sandstone trimmings and of the same
design as Falls Church and Christ
church, Alexandria. before the addition
OF the steeple, was begun in 1868, and
Daniel French, the builder, received his
final payment in 1172- In 1878 the con-
gregation moved into the new church,
Evening star., 1915-03-21
NEW FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION MEANS TO BUSINESS

trade. the foreign trade factor figures
largely.
Australia, for example, mas a trade
commission of new creation. which also
is in fact tariff commission. One OF
the first matters with which it had to
deal was petition requesting the ele-
walton of the tariff on printers sup
plies This led 10 an investigation
which disclosed the existence of a COM
bnation which controlled the trade and
indulsed in numerous methods of un-
fair competition. SO the first decision
of this trade commission was one to
break up the combination. and it all
started from a tariff investi CATION.
Another aspect of foreign trade
which is certain to engage the trade
commission is the question of permit
ting combinations to meet foreign
competition in foreign markets. II is
4 question of growing Importance.
To state hypothetical case: An
American manufacturer OF stoves goes
INTO South American country and bids
on big contract for stoves. He is
about to get the business. when d
European combination. consisting of
the sixteen large stove manufacturers
of that country, comes in, cuts the price
away below his price. gets the contract
and then distributes the loss among the
sixteen houses. This is the sort of
combination and competition which
American manufacturers have TO meet
in foreign markets. How are they GO
ing to meet it?
Itie IdCl Is IHat, AS me DrOaQef-
minded business men of the world real
iZe. the problem of regulating competi-
tion is becoming world problem rath-
er than n national problem. And this
is wonderfully powerful influence
for world. peace, even in this time or
near-world-w war.
"A most significant thing is that
year ago there met in Paris congress
of the chambers of commerce of the
world, called for the purpose of con-
Stderlng world trade
result was the appointment of com
n1ittee looking to the creation of a
code of action in international trade
which must lead to an international
trade court to determine the contro-
versies and to enforce the DEGREES
which a worldwide interest and opin-
ion demands. That seems like a far cry.
but it is one of the significant facts
in the evolution of world business.
twenty-five years ago the growth
of interstate trade developed the fact
that there existed a broad zone between
the federal jurisdiction and the state
jurisdiction---a zone in which business
and in which neither jurisdic-
ton seemed able to operate. Hence
there was enacted the Sherman law TO
prevent combinations in restraint of
interstate trade.
Now new conditions and a complex
ity of trade have made necessary the
of the Clayton anti trust
law and the trade commission law.
The next step. and it is coming in
-ime is an international tribunal deal
ng with the broader subject of inter
national trade, regulating II, doing JUS
ice between international competitors.
such a tribunal will be the beginning
If the international solidarity. So are
operating with the realization of the
horrors of war, to the end that peace
AsHMUN BROWN.
Evening star., 1915-03-21

indulgence of which was the fault OF
many of the clergy of that day."
Rev. Massey finally left the pulpit
and took up the practice of medicine
in which he had graduated as well as
in theology, Rev. Weems. of whom the
Rambler has frequently written, and
whose old home, Belle Air, near Dunn
fries. formed the text for late ramble,
also preached at Pohick, and in his
biography of Washington, the first work
of that character which came from the
press. Rev. Weems described himself
as formerly rector of Mount Vernon
parish There was preacher who
filed the pulpit of Pohick whose name
was Charles O'Neill, and SO far the only
information of this man which the
Rambler has CLEANED is that he used to
wear George Washington's cast off
clothes, and used to preach in vel
veteen suit which Washington, after
having done with. gave him. There
were two other early rectors named
Kemp and Moscrope, but who seem to
be best known for their 1abors at the
old church of Dumfries.
Pohick fell into hard lines between
1855 and 1885. because SO many of the
families that had attended it took pews
in Christ Church and in Falls Church
A rector by the name of Johnson. who
had married the daughter of Bushrod
Washington who succeeded to the pro-
prietorship of Mount Vernon after the
death of Mrs. Washington, put a good
deal of love and labor into Pohick
Church and congregation. beginning
about 1895. The roof had fallen in and
it Is said that sheep found shelter in
the building and that cattle grazed in
the churchyard Much of the furniture
appeared. tombstones fell and were
swallowed up in the graveyard mold or
carted off for use doorsteps or
standing blocks before wells
During the civil war Pohick Church.
excepting it's strong brick walls. fell
again into ruin. 1t was abandoned by it's
congregation. During most of the war
troops were stationed there and the
sa ndstone facings of the doorways are
covered with the names Of soldiers,
Federal and Confederate, chiseled with
penknives or other handy instruments.
At times the church was within the
Union lines and again within the Con-
federate lines. 1t was usually used
as an outpost or a picket post and
church. the peWs and fioorings and
every other bit OF woodwork in the
building having been taken away or
used by the troops as fuel Some time
after the war the church was patched
up for worship by few of the Episco-
of the rectors whose names the Ram
bier has heard mentioned in connection
with that period OF the church's history
were Rev. Wallace and Rev. kloman.
The present rector. and who has now
been there to the Rambler's knowledge
Evening star., 1915-03-21

troops. His communication to the
President was:
To the President OF the United States
Sir: Upon the representation OF crcdltahle
citizens that hand OF lawless PERSONS. most
OF them not residents OF THE city. have NJ
tackled one of the polls at which the annual
election IS now in pnogress rnd after ma lining
some twenty good and peaceful cittzeua nave
driven the remn indsr from the polls. have dis
persed the commissioners Of election and threat
en- further violence on attempt TO carry
the election. I respectfully request you
der ont the company OF United States Marines,
now In this city. TO ma ntan the peace thereof.
tie civil authorities finding themselves unabl.
10 d" so with the means nj their disposal anu
there a'ing no other United States soldiers
personal inquiry into the matter and And
that tho weapons psei were various kinds Of
firearms. clubs, knives and stones and the fact.
as stated in the enclosed certificate just
and frIe W, II MAORI DER, Mavrr-
There were two companies of marines
at the barracks and navy yard. ITO
men. The battalion was commanded
by Capt Tyler. the first company BY
Capt. Zeilin and the second company
by Capt. Maddox. Other officers men
toned were Lieut. Henderson and
Lieut.. Turner. The marines marched
from the navy ward and barracks SC
the city hall. where Capt Tyler report
ed to the mayor of the city. The
march of the marines through the city
called down on them epithets from
crowds OF violent and excited men. re-
Evening star., 1915-03-21

Trials and the Common Law in the
American Colonies" For four years
from 1897 to l90l--he eked out his
slender resources by acting as instruc-
tor i'll the college gymnasium.
Immediately following graduation he
returned to Watertown to practice law
The first year he was home lie was
elected prosecuting attorney for a four
year term. Practice grew swiftly.
Presently it outgrew his town and he
moved back to Madison, the capital of
The state, where the practice Swelled to
large proportions. He became connected
with some of the most notable litigation
in his own state, and also practiced i'm
Minnesota, North Dakota, Illinois,
South Dakota. Iowa, Utah, Oregon and
Washington. AS managing trustee of
several large estates he directed ex-
tensiVe investments.
And then, in 1872. he entered actively
in politics militant figure.
Does not all this sound like the career
Of very practical man?
With it all he has found time for the
cultivation of the finer things in life.
He has a charming wife. whom he won
through college courtship. the daugh-
ter of the late Col. John II. Knight of
Ashland. He reads much. he plays
some. and he joys in his family-he has
two tiny daughters-and in the society
of Worthwhile people. And, of course,
he plays golf. They all do in this gov
eminent.
Why. in Madison, he has II e record of
the longest drive on record. On the
Madison links is a 490-yard hole which,
by reason of it's distance. is called
Minneapolis" Once. driving for it,
Mr.. Davies sent his ball into a passing
freight car The car did not stop until
it reached the real Minneapolis, 500
miles away. So in the clubhouse they
tell of how Davies made Minneapolis"
in one.
Parroting the question which the av-
erage citizen Is asking, an interviewer
asked Mr. Davies the other day: What
is the federal trade commission all
about"
Swinging about from his desk, with
just the trace of a smile ON his face.
Mr.. Davies fixed his eyes on the Vir-
ginia hills across the Potomac and be-
gan his answer
I'VE might put it this way" he said.
The trade commission is the traffic po-
lice force to see that the rules of the
road on what we may term the indus
trial highways of the nation are main
tanned. 1t is to compel the big touring
to disregard the rights Of the little
one. but to accord to it it's due share of
the road.
"Experience has shown that regula-
tory activities of government can
best be directed through commission.
rather than through legislation and the
courts. The commission idea has dis
tinct advantages in elasticity and adap-
liability to conditions. over iron-bound
statutory enactments. a rigid adher-
ance to which in matters of this sort
may often amount to a denial of JUS
tice. Hence the creation of this body.
The condition presented in this
country is this: There are 100000 cor
porations engaged in interstate traf-
flc. OF them 296, 900 are capitalized for
less than 100000; the remaining
Evening star., 1915-03-21

1ating against monopoly. Such legisla-
tion and such activities are not con-
fined to the United States. On the other
hand. generally speaking. where gov
ernments are dominated by ideals of
absolute power. then monopoly is fos-
tered and encouraged Absolutism in
government and monopoly in trade are
inSeperable. They have a common
foundation. for monopoly is but an
other name for commercial absolutism.
Monopoly is Industrial monarchy.
LAS between absolutism in govern
ment and absolutism in business, L
think the average citizen would prefer
absolutism in government. Those who
possess hereditary absolute powers in
government are prone to be animated
by the spirit of noblesse oblige. But
those who possess absolute powers in
business are apt to have no such finer
instincts. Theirs too often is the spirit
Evening star., 1915-03-21

~ ing been commissioner of corpora
tions, is now chairman of the federal
.rade commission.
When the Senate was making the law
ireating the trade commission some Of the
senator's expressed fear at lodging such
tremendous powers over the business of
rhe country in any one appolntive body
l.,.or po-.h ~ J5abo rau.rked ,bat
=. - -, -o..r,.,, -, ,he .,.,,.
Will 'no ieo0idi ieSe' >e o"S'i'' '
commission and the interstate commerce
commission at work, presently all the poll
t,a, 80 ,to ,,,,,,,, ,,.,,,,d ra,ol,.. .ho,,, ,bs
10 Vi INC -'0 0''o4' VIM
matter OF appointments 10 these pooies.
This is a body of broad powers, this
aew creation, the trade commission. II Is
~ ora,,,rv trade and industry What ,be
Interstate commerce commission Is 10 the
transportation business. 1t has been
allied the supreme court of industrial
.,.,,
=,
Moet OF the BUSINESS OF the couhtry Is
iohe Dy corpordtiols Every corpoidu
that sells Dag OF peanuts or pound OF
outter OUTSIDE its own state is engaging IN
interstate trade, and all corporations en-
saglnE IN interstate tfade are subject
70 the Jufisoie'4oii Vi 'he ''aoe coiiiii'ie-
SION.
**
.rbix ,,ou,y man no, Vel 1hirty-uine
-, o,,..5,. h.,s b,,,L.d HI, T.,
ears oid' VINO ahea"S i"e "Ne ''e i
national affairs. whose ADVICE was sought
IN framing the law which the commission
=. h.ad. ia 10 administer, is an interest
-, .,,,s,,
.ns personality. He IS worm STUDY ing
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-06-26
WORKERS EFFECTIVE IN
BLOCKING VICIOUS LAW

OLYMPIA. Wash, June 26.-Seven
measures passed by the 1915 legisla-
ture will be put before the voters Of
the state on referendum. The oper-
alton of these laws has been suspend
> ed until the next general election be-
cause Of the recent filing of petitions
by the joint legislative committee Of
the state federation OF labor, state
referendum league, Farmers union,
and state grange. The petitions bear
from 35. 40 names up to 52,347. Only
1901 names are necessary in each
case.
The laws that are opposed would
weaken the initiative and referendum
act by compelling, among other things
the signing of petitions at the place
of registration. The anti-pick citing
law is vigorously opposed by the Or
ganized workers. 1t would practical
ly prohibit any announcement of dis
putes with employers.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-06-26
COLORADO GOVERNOR
TOOL or COAL COMPANIES

FORT COLLINS, Col, June 26.-
Governor Carlson is fearful that he
will be engulfed in the wave of pro-
test by citizens OF this state because of
his appointment of CRANKY G. Hillyer
as judge of the specially created
Trinidad judicial district. Judge
Hillyer was attorney for the mine
companies and one of his first judicial
acts was the sentencing Of John Law
son to Imprisonment for life.
In an effort to turn the tide of pro-
test because this appointment, Gov
ernor Carlson is, ''stumping'' the state.
In q speech in this city he denounced
the Lawson protest meeting at Denver
and declared that having failed to
overthrow the military arm of the
government, the same forces that tried
to disrupt Colorado that way are now
trying to overthrow the judiciary de-
partment." ~ - I
These sentiments carry. little weight
with Colorado,s thinking citizens, who
cannot overlook the conditions sur
rounding Judge Hnlyer's appointment
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1915-06-26

May Drop Election: and Submit
Amendments to Proposed
~ =: Fl Ordinance: y =. y. ~.

Petitions for a referendum on the
proposed jitney ordin ance have been
filed with the city clerk with approxi-
mately 1900 names attached thereto.
The greatest objection made by the
drivers to the proposed ordinance is
the large amount Of liability insurance
each jitney owner is required to take
out. The amount Of the insurance
probably would have met with no
objections from the jitney men had
not the insurance concerns raised
premiums on this kind of insurance
after the passage of the ordinance.
It is planned by the association of
jttney drivers to organize a "defense''
fund of their own to meet injury
claims that may arise in the opera
ton Of their cars.
Bergen Denies Responsibility.
Rumors were rife throughout the
city that the petitions would prove to
have insufficient signers in order to
place the matter before the people.
City Clerk Bergen issued a statement
last Tuesday, denying responsibility
for the statement. 1.-The mere fact
that eight bad signatures were found
on trial check of ten names does not
mean that the petition is insufficient ~
said Mr.. Bergen, 1T looks to me
like an average petition and 1 ex-
pect it to be sufficient
The final checking Of the petition
which was made, in record time shows
approximately $50 names short of the
required number. The Jitney men
say this deficiency will be remedied
within the required time.