The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-11

that nave been so thoroughly torn to
shreds as the Treaty Of Berlin, or
which have SO thoroughly justified
the contemptuous opinion concerning
them of the present Chancellor OF the
German Empire, to the effect that
they were nothing but mere scraps Of
paper"
There are many who insist that the
Treaty Of Berlin was the original
cause OF the present great war OF
nations. Certain 1t Is that the bitter
animosity between Russia and Ger
many, which MAS n OF the chief
sources of the present conflict. was
born at the congress of Berlin that
| wound up in the treaty bearing the
name Of that city.
The most intimate relations had sub
sisted unit. 1878 between Germany and
Russia, so intimate, indeed, that the
| rulers of Prussia were wont to con-
fde their political offenders to the
Russian Government for punishment
| by transportation to Siberia and penal
| servitude in the mines there. Russia,
by holding aloof in the war of 1870,
had enabled Germany TO defeat France
and to roo her OF two OF her richest
provinces.
But in 1878 Prince Bismarck, then
Chancellor of the German Empire
took az such the leading part in the
congress for the revision Of the terms
Of peace which Russia had compelled
Turkey to sign at a Stefano, and
backed by the remainder Of Europe
compelled Car Alexander II. to sur
render nearly all the fruits OF his VIC
tories won in his costly war against
the Turks, More than that. Bismarck
and Germany, with a view OF pro-
pitiating Austria. secured the indie.
pendence Of Rumania and of Serbia
and the conversion Of Bulgaria, no
into a Muscovite province, but into
sovereign State, so as to serve a!
obstacles to Russia's advance upor
the goal of all her ambition, namely
he possession of Constantinople am
f the waterway from the Black Sex
INTO the Mediterranean.
Russia left Berlin at the close of thu
congress of 1878 full of bitterness
against Germany, whom she accused
# the basest ingratitude and Of tn
most objectionable treachery to an oil
time friend and ally. Her alliance
With France as opposed to German!
vas the outcome, and from that tim
'orth these two adjacent empires, onc'
80 united, have been year by year pre-
pairing for the struggle between then
which commenced this month a yea
ago.
1t was a war which was bound Il
come sooner or later, and II 1t cam
asst year 1t was for the reason tina
Germany concluded thai the time wa
most prOpitious to her for the strug
Gle, and because the military part,
n Germany forced the hand of tn
Kaiser and compelled him to violat
he solemn oath which his grand
father. old Emperor William, when o
his deathbed, had eXacted from hin
never under any circumstances, an
40 matter under what p~rovocation, I
permit himself to he induced to EN-
Dark upon a war with Russia.
Lord Robert Cecil. who is married I
5 Lady Eleanor Lambton. sister Of tn
/, present Earl of Durham, and of Ad
miral Of the Fleet Sir IIedworth Meu,
has four brothers, who are all of ther
clever men and have made their mari
each Of them in his " particula
way. The eldest is Of course ''n
ent Marquis of Salisbury, who file
. the offices OF Lord Irivy Seal =
Minister of Commerce In the lai
i Unionist Cabinets.