davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21

BUSINESS BLOCKS
BEING REPAIRED
New Fronts Are Being Built for
Knopke and Troppman
Blocks. !.

Two Bemidji property owners are
spending over $10,OOOssin improve
ments on their business blocks.
The Knopke block is being repaired
and new front will be built for the
Gust Brown store and new tile floor
will be laid.
The Troppman department store
is having a new brick wall front
erected for it's building. -
Thomas Johnson, architect, has
charge of the repairing to both
buildings.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
MAKES REQUEST
THAT. .ChIMNEYS.
BE G n { D.
Would Prevent Fires Which Are 8
Large Expense to City on Account
Of Fire Department.
FIRE COSTS FROM SIS
. TO $50 A RUN

Mayor William McCuaig today is
sued an order requesting that all
the citizens and property owners in
Bemidji to see that the chimneys are
cleaned so as to avoid chimney fires.
Calls for Fire.
Nearly all the calls for the fire
department in the last few weeks
have been on account of chimney
fires and each call means a cost to
the city of from SIS to $50, al
though the damage to the chimney
and to the house is slight. -...-
Small Expense to Owners.
IF the residents and property
owners would spend just small
sum to have their chimneys cleaned
it would be a large saving for the
city," said Mayor McCuaig this morn
ing. "The saving of fire depart
ment expenses means much to Be-
midi at this time and is in direct
line with the city councils endeavor
to run the city economically. Every
citizen should do his share to aid in
this movement
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
.-=s- 's;5
Two YEAR OLD BOY
IS ...||I! BADLY BURNED IN
Son of Mr.. and Mrs. w. J. Worth
Climbs Into Tub of Hot
Water. ':~.

Frances, the two-year-old son of
Mr.. and Mrs. w. j. Worth, was badly
burned Sunday when he climbed in
to a tub of hot water.
Mr.. and Mrs. Worth were not at
home and daughter was prepar-
ing to battle the little fellow. While
she was getting cold water to add to
the hot water which she had in the
tub, the little fellow climbed into
the tub and his body and arms were
burned. His arms were burned very
bad.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
FUNERAL OF CAPT. HAYES
HELD AT GRAND FORKS

Grand Forks, N. D., Sept. 21.-The
funeral of Captain John Hayes, who
dropped dead of heart failure at Deer
River, Minn., Wednesday,, was held
this morning in this city.
Lieut.. Phil Hayes, the surviving
son, arrived in Grand Forks Satur-
day from West Point where he is an
instructor.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
CONGREGATION ACCEPTS
RESIGNATION OF PASTOR

A meeting of the congregation of
the First Presbyterian church was
held in the church last evening and
the resignation of DR.. Rev. S. E. P.
White was accepted.
DR.. White has accepted a call from
the First Presbyterian church of
Longmont, Col.
At the meeting last evening a COM
mittee was appointed to secure a new
pastor for the local church.
A reception will be held for Rev.
DR.. White before he leaves Bemidji.
He expects to be relieved by Oct.
10.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
AMERICAN BANKERS
WILL MAKE LOAN
TO WAR NATIONS
Way is Cleared and Proposed Loan
Will Be Made; Exchange Will
Stabilized.
WILL NOT USE MONEY
FOR WAR MUNITIONS

| New York, Sept. Munitions OF
war will not be allowed to block the
proposed big credit loan to Great
Britain and France, nor will the
$600,000,000 or $S00,O0O,0OO to be
secured be locked up at once in a
New York treasury chest, according
to concensus of opinion of those in
close touch with negotiations for
raising the money. .-...
''The big thing is to stabilize the
exchange; then the matter of paying
for munitions automatically takes
care of ITSELF" a prominent banker
said. ... IL IT,. !, .-...
Exports of munitions, it was esti-
mated, constitute considerably less
than rs per cent of the total value of
American shipm ents to Great Britain
and France.
Exchange to Be Stabilized.
Leaving them out of the calcula-
tions, if provisions be made for the
shipment of soil products and the
chief manufactured articles exchange
will, in the opinion of bankers, be-
come stabilized. 1t would not then
be difficult to find a method of pay
ing for munitions, if it were absolute
ly necessary to- adopt a different
method, it is believed. Gold or Am
erican securities or some other meth
cd of paying could be arranged.
On this point the Anglo-French
commission was said to be substan-
TALLY in accord with the views of
their American associates. The COM
mission is reported to have taken the
attitude that their first task was to
stabilize exchange; and that the mat
ter of paying for munitions which
was said recently to have become a
question of considerable variance of
opinion, is to be subordinated to this
Favor Installment Plan.
It. was reported on good authority
tentative proposals now up for adop-
tion provide for installment sub
scriptions on the part of the guaran-
tors, such installments to be paid as
necessity arises for the use of the
fund. In some quarters it was as
sumed that the sum each bank
should pledge would be payable in
four equal installments, subject to
call, and that bonds would be issued
as each installment was paid.
The idea of tying up the. full
amount of the loan at once seemed
to be unattractive to both parties to
the negotiations.
It was reported today, but without
confirmation, that a member of one
Of the chief New York banks of the
so-called pro-German group had
made overtures to the commission
looking for the placing of it's name
on the subscription roll.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
QUEEN WILhELM|NA
NARROWLY LYESCAPES
DEATH IN ACCIDENT
Returns From Parliament and Auto
mobiles Collide; Occupants
Bruised.
KAISER AND PRINCE JOCH1M
INJURED IN AUTO ACCIDENT
Car Not as Good Leader az Grand
Duke Nicholas, Say War
Critics.

The Hague, Sept. 21.-Queen Will
helmina and six-year-old Princess
Julian narrowly escaped death this
morning when an automobile collided
into another automobile when the
queen was returning from the gov
erament buildings where she ad-
dressed the opening of Parliament.
The occupants of the car were
slightly bruised.
Queen Wilhelmina urged Parlia-
ment to eliminate the present hind
RANGES in regards to woman suffrage.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
BREWERY SELLS ICE

Fergus Falls, Sept. 21.-The Fer
gus Falls Brewing company has util-
lied part of it's plant for the manu-
facture of ice. 1t delivers to hun
dreds of customers. The company
manufactures ten tons every "a
hours.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
DEAD OF ILL-FATED
SUBMARINE ARRIVE
AT SAN FRANCISCO

San Francisco, Sept. 21.-The eight
fiag-draped caskets containing the
dead Of the ill-fated submarine F-4
which arrived yesterday aboard the
United States steamer supply, will
be shipped away tomorrow, the four
identified bodies to their homes, the
seventeen fragmentary bodies in
four caskets to the national cemetery
at Arlington, Va.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
100000 AT FAIR.

San Francisco, Sept. 13.-Attend-
ance at the Panama-Pacific exposi-
ton has reached the 13 900, 900 mark
it was announced today. The aver
age daily attendance since the expo
ton opened has been 61,311. The
thirteenth million visited the expo
sition within the last two weeks.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
PACKERS APPEAL TO U. s.

Washington, Sept. 21.-Represen-
tatives of the Chicago packers will
confer here today with state depart
ment officials over the judgment of
the British prize court confiscating
100000 worth of their products.
Acting Secretary Polk will see legal
representatives of the packers, who
are expected to ask the government
to intercede with the British authori-
ties by diplomatic negotiations.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
ZEPPELIN RAIDER IS
BLOWN FROM CRAFT

London, Sept. 21.-The Daily-Ex-
press today asserts that one Zeppelin
raider in a recent raid on London
was blown from his machine by
shrapnel. The body was found
Doctor Stigler, commander Of the
Zeppelins, was missing when the
dirigibles returned to their base.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
BIPLANE SHOT DOWN
RY AEROPLANE

Berlin, Sept. 21.-A biplane was
shot down by a British aeroplane
west of st. Quentin this morning.
The bipl4ne was German machine
and the aviator was killed. An OBJ
server was imprisoned.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
RUSSIANS SHOW
POOR STRATEGY

London, Sept. 21.-The Times
military critic in an article today
hints that the Car of Russia is not
as good a leader as the deposed
Grand Duke. He hints that the Rus
slams will be unable to escape cap
ture at Wilma. ~
He said in the article that poor
strategy permitted the Germans to
sweep around and seize the railways
east of Wilma.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
Won HINDENBURG
CUTS RAILROAD

Berlin, Sept. 21.-The war office
this afternoon announced that Field
Marshal Won Hindenburg had cut the
Vilna-BranOvitshi railroad over
which the Russians hoped to retreat
from Wilma -..., .-ss.-t.-.. -s
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
4. F. OF LABOR
FAvORS CARRANzA

Washington, Sept 21.-The execu-
tive council of the American Fedora
tion of Labor has authorized Gompers
to draft resolutions favoring the re-
cognition of General Carranza in the
Mexican controversy.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
4 * * X 4 y k-k X <f+&&k1
HESPERIAN WAS.
A MINE VICTIM
SAYS GERMANY

Berlin, via London, Sept.
The German admiralty
is now absolutely certain that
the Allen line steamer, Hes
perian, was not destroyed by
a German submarine. All the
underwater boats which were
put out at the time of the.
disaster have now returned
to their bases and it is stated
that none of them torpedoed
the steamer.
On the contrary it is said
that the admiralty is con-
vinced the disaster was due
to a floating non-German
mine.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
BROTHER OF DIR. E. w.
~..= LARSON IS DEAD

Word was received in Bemidji this
morning by DR.. E. w. Larson of the
death of his brother at Dresser juno
tion, Wis. DR.. Larson left today for
that place.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
WILSON TO SEE BRYAN

Washington, Sept. 21.-President
Wilson this morning made an en-
gagement with William Jennings
Bryan for Wednesday. It is not
known what will be discussed.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
WORLDS SERIES DATE IS SET

Chicago, ILL.,, Sept. 21.The date Of
the worlds series baseball games has
been tentatively, set to begin Friday,
Oct. 8. This date, however, is in
definite.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21

KAISER WILHELM INJURED

Amsterdam, Sept. FL.
Kaiser Wilhelm and Prince
Jochim were slightly injured
when the imperial automobile
was wrecked in Berlin, ac-
cording to word received here
today. There are no details
of the accident available.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
bUNDY CASE AGAINST
BOX co. DISMISSED

The case of A. A. Bundy against
the Bemidji Box company was dis
missed in the district court this
morning.
The court is considering the case
of T. l.. Thompson against p. H.
Smith this afternoon.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21

"DRESS-UP" WEEK
OCTOBER 2 TO 9

20 The week beginning Satur-
day, Oct. 2, has been desig-
mated "Dress-Up" week by
Bemidji merchants. Nearly
twenty stores are co-opera-
ting in this great fall move
ment, which is being carried
on in the larger cities
throughout the United States.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
sIX-FOR.A.QUARTER FIGHT ON

Trenton, N. j., Sept. 21.-This
city today began death grapple,
before the Public Utilities commits
sioners, with the street railway for
ces to decide whether the latter have
the right to discontinue selling strip
tickets at the rate Of six for quar-
ter.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
TURKS RUSH TROOPS
TO DARDANELLES

Athens, Sept. 21.-Turkish troops
are being rushed to reinforce the
troops at the Dardanelles, in prepara-
ton for a renewed allied offensive
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
269 MINERS TRAPPED
IN ENGLISH MINE

Nunzation, England, Sept. 21.-
An explosion in a mine near here has
trapped 269 miners.
At the lower levels of the mine
ten bodies have already been recov-
cred.
It is feared that the loss will be
heavy.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
BRITISH STEAMER
IS SUMMARIZED

London, Sept. 21.-The British
steamer Linksmoor, 1000 tons, has
been summarized and sunk.
The crew was saved. .--
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
JUDGE TO TWIN CITIES.

Judge M. A. Clark of the probate
court has gone to the Twin Cities
on business.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
GERMANY ADVISES
LARGE FLAGS FOR SHIPS

Washington, Sept. 21.-Germany
has advised American ship owners to
paint larger American flags upon the
ships that traverse the war zone.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
.BEM|DJ| 0RMAL
Department HAS
FoUR7EENs STUDENTS
Work Consists of Preparing for
Teaching in Rural Schools;
Under State Supervision.
MEMBERS VISIT AND
INSPECT SCHOOLS NEAR CITY

The Bemidji high school has four
teen students in it's normal depart
ment. The students are Gladys
Elaine Boyd, Pearl Konoske, Lucille
Steidl, Elizabeth Titus, Esther Peter
son and Florence Thatcher from Be-
midi, Erma Dye, Turtle River, Elsie
Grinols, South Haven, Rachel Ger
linger, Spur, Florence Hayes, Wilton,
Selma Hedman and Lenora Louise
Ryan, Guthrie, Helen Jones, Nebish,
and Sadie Rack, Solway.
Review Studies.
At present the work in the nor
NAL department consists of the re-
view of arithmetic and geography
with the best method of teaching:
drawing for all grades of pupils;
pedagogy; penmanship; observation
of the work of the city teachers and
the best rural schools near Bemidji.
Practical teaching will begin as soon
as the students are prepared for the
work.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
800, 900 SLAvs AT BAY;
MUST SLASH WAY OUT

Petrograd, Sept. 21.-Three hun
dred thousand Russian troops falling
back from the region of Wilma are
under heavy attack on both fanks by
the Germans, who are making hercu-
lean efforts to surround them.
Their position, is more critical
than that of any Russian army since
the great Austro- German campaign
began. But every confidence was ex-
pressed here today that the Slavs
either will make good their retire
ment without being forced into q
general battle or, failing In this,
will smash their way out of the Ger
man trap. g
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
Visit Rural School.

Last week the members of the nor
NAL department visited the school
southeast of Bemidji taught by Miss
Lottie Madison. The schools at Nary
and Guthrie will be inspected soon.
There are. 100 normal schools, in
the state from which 1900 students
graduated last spring. The normal
departments were organized for the
betterment of rural schools and are
under state supervisor, Miss Mabel
Carney, who is a rural specialist.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21

BATTLE FOR DV1NSK
HAS BEGUN
Berlin, Sept. 21.-The battle for
the Dvinsk bridge has begun. The
civilian population is evacuating the
city.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1915-09-21
Germans Have Losses.

The Germans have suffered enor-
nous losses in the past few days in
their attempts to encircle the Rus
sian wilma armies. Cavalry forces
attacking the right of the retiring
Slav forces are being moved down
by Russian artillery, but persist in
their attacks. The Bavarians, at
tempting to cut off the Russian re-
treat from the south, are within
few miles Of the Lida-Baranovitshi
railway, but are meeting with most
stubborn resistance.
Force May Be SOC, 900.
The Russian army menaced since
the fall of wilma by the German en-
circlfng movement, is estimated
vaguely at 100000 to 100000 men.
The jaws of the German trap"
are about so miles apart. Through
this opening the troops of the Gear
began Withdrawing last Friday. The
war Office points out that the roads
and fields are in splendid condition
for hasty retirement.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1915-12-15
+ + 4 + + + + + I. + + + + + + + +
+ EAST OF ALVARADO. +

49, + + + + + + + + + + + + I. f
The weather the past week has
turned cooler, but wheeling Of all
kinds was never better
j. A. Berg transacted business at
Alvarado one day last week.
The Berg Bros. and Miss Fryklund,
visited with the Christensen family,
Friday evening.
Quite a few from this community
took in the sale East of Warren, Sat
urday, namely; Mr.. and Mrs. VIM.
Bergan, Nels Markuson, Mr.. and Mrs.
Fred Christensen and John and Obert
Berg.
Walfred Frykholm and Hans Han
son made a quick trip to Grand
Forks, Sunday afternoon.
Our new neighbor Mr.. Minnich,
from Radium, has been busy hauling
hay for next spring.
Albert Olson has been laid up for a
few days with a bad cold.
Edward Carlson visited with Char
ley Cheney Sunday afternoon.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1915-12-15
ALVARADO GARAGE FILLS
LONG FELT WANT.

The Garage opened this year in
Alvarado ia fine structure and very
conveniently located for auto owners
and drivers. Alvarado has needed a
garage for some time and this new
place Of business fills long felt
want. The people Of Alvarado will
give Mr.. Dahlstrom their undivided
support.
Mr. Dahlstrom, present owner and
manager, is pleasing young man to
meet and any one having any bus
mess dealing with him will be treated
fairly.
Besides employing a competent re-
pair man, he also has for sale full
line of auto accessories. Anything
needed in that line can easily be OBJ
tanned right here at home.
Having invested considerable mon
ey in building of this new garage,
Mr. Dahlstrom deserves the patron
age Of the public.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1915-12-15

Rumors are that Paul Holmgren
has rented Mr.. Charley Cheney's
farm, and will take possession next
spring.
Minnie Bergan has been visiting in
the neighborhood for a few days.
School opened again in Dist. No.
SO, after a weeks vacation, while our
teacher attended the convention at
Warren.
The Olson bros. made a business
trip to Warren Monday.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1915-12-15
HOW TO BEAT THE
NAIL ORDER HOUSE

The following bit of condensed wis
dom is from the Breckenridge Tele-
gram:
There are only two things that a
merchant need consider in combating
the mail order house. First he must
sell as cheaply, quality considered,
and second he must let the people
know about his goods and his prices
as the mail order house does.
The Sheaf advertisers save you
money.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1915-12-15

Y The good old custom Of
hanging the mistletoe from
y the ceiling at the Christmas
festivities is said to have its
y origin in the idea that since
the plant did not have its
roots in the ground no part of
n it should ever be permitted to
+ touch the earth.
Y
Evening star., 1915-06-07
SIX YEARS OF PAsToRATE.
Anniversary of DR.. Briggs at Fifth
Baptist Church Celebrated

The sixth anniversary of the pastor
ate OF Rev. DR.. John e. Briggs of the
Fifth Baptist Church was observed
Yesterday morning and evening at the
church. The topic Of DR.. Briggs SER
mon at the morning service was
Working together" Communion serv-
ices were held, and the choir presented
a program of special music at morning
and evening services.
In the six years of his pastorate DR..
Briggs has baptized more than 500 per-
sons. it is stated. and received into the
communion of his church more than
500 in all. The Sunday school has
grown until it is bow the second
largest in the District. The ladies'
missionary society and the young wom-
ans auxiliary have been organized and
both are doing excellent work. The
mems league has been reorganized, and
it is now the largest brotherhood in
the city. The chapel on 4is street
southwest has been opened The church
Evening star., 1915-06-07
.PONT|F|CAL HIGH MASS
MARKS GOLDEN JUBILEE
Cele ebration at Church of the Immac.
ulate Conception Attended by
Many Priests.

Pontifical high mass at II o'clock yes
terday marked the celebration OF the
golden jubilee of the Church Of the
Immaculate Conception. Archbishop
Bonzano, papal delegate to the United
States, was the celebrant Of the mass
the sermon being preached by Mgr. w
A. Fletcher, rector of Baltimore Cathe-
dral. Music was by a special choir
the members of which included many
former singers in the choirs of I'M
maculate Conception. The service was
attended by Catholics from all the
parishes of the District of Columbia.
Richard O'Neill of Frostburg, Md, who
was assistant to Archbishop Bonzano
Rev. George I. Conlon and Rev. John
E. Wade. deacons; Rev. Charles E
Roach, deacon; Rev. George A. Bryant
Of Wyoming, subdeacon, and Rev. viii
liam ]. Carroll of ST. Paul's Church
master of ceremonies.
The following priests were in the
sanctuary: Mgr. Aloysius Cossio, audi
J. N. Connolly of New York, Mgr
Thomas S. Lee of st. Matthews
Mgr. James oBrien of ST. Peters
Very Rev. George A. Dougherty
vice rector of the Catholic Univercity
Very Rev. E. A. Pace Of the Catholic
University, Bishop Charles Warren
Currier Of Matanza. Cuba; Very Rev
Rev. Ambrose Beavan, Rev. E. ]. Con-
nelly, Rev. E. E. Craig. Rev. c. 1
wheeler, Rev. E. A. Hannah, Rev. T. E
McGuigan, Rev. c. M. Bart. Rev
Evening star., 1915-06-07
Joseph A. Cunnane, Rev. H. J. Shan.
delle, S. J., and Rev. John S1oersch.
Special Choir Furnishes Music.

The special choir, which was directed
by Mrs. Clara Baker Smith, for twelve
years choir director OF the church. in
cluded the following. in addition to
Harry Wheaton Howard. for fifteen
years organist Of the church: Mrs. An
ME Grant F'ugitt. Mrs. Margaret Nolan
Martin, Mrs. NJ. J. King Clark, Miss
Mabel Latimer. Miss Bessie F. Hickey,
Miss Agnes Maud O'Neal. Miss Mary
Emily King, Mrs. Nellie B. Kelser, Mrs.
Eta Wilson Davis. Mrs. Mamie DeNeal
Fister, Mrs. E. S. Pumphrey. Mrs. Mary
Mangan Rivers, Mrs. Carrie Jordan
Russell, Mrs. Rose Bennett, Misses
Elizabeth Carpenter, Mamie Killigan.
Annie and Mae Nelligan. Mary Sullivan.
Genevieve Saffell. Regina Sullivan: Mar
tin Grant, A. T. Murray. William H.
De Lacy. c. l. Steifel, Howard o. Cook.
Charles Meyers. Joseph Sullivan. George
Mangan and the entire boy choir Of the
Immaculate Conception Church.
The choir sang Gounod's mass. "St.
Cecilia" the offertory number being
'Sit Nomen Domini." At the vesper
service, at 7:30 o'clock last night, tho
choir sang M1llard's Psalms, the Mag
ntf1cat," Mercadante; Dudley's Buck 8
"Salve Regina" and the ''Tantum Ergo
by Riga.
A delegation Of the Washington gen.
eral assembly Of the fourth degree
Knights of Columbus. under Master Of
the Fourth Degree Darr and Maj. Ed
wards. drillmaster. took prominent
part at the vesper services.
After the services in the morning
Rev. M. ]. Riordan, pastor. entertain
ed the visiting clergy at dinner.
Evening star., 1915-06-07
WILL REPRESENT STATE.
w. c. Barnes and Wife to Attend
Launching of the Arizona.

VIII c. Barnes. chief of the ONCE of
graxing of the forestry service, and
Mrs. Barnes have been appointed By
Gov Hunt of Arizona as official repre3
sentaffves Of the state at the launch
ing Of the battleship Arizona at the
Brooklyn. N Y, navy yard. June 49,
MH Barnes formerly was a member of
he legislature Of Arizona His homo
Nas 1t Holbrook
Announ cement has been made that
st6s frst few ounces of water which
aoWed over the Roosevelt dam in Ari-
Bona are to be used at the christening
instead of wine. The filing of the
Roosevelt dam took nearly five years,
and while 1t was in progress there was
much speculation as to just when the
water would begin to flow over the
brink.
Determined to catch the first quart or
80 of water that flowed over the dam,
two men filed slight groove In the
concrete coping of the dam at it's low
est point. When the water started to
dow over they caught a jugful. and a
portion of this is to be used at the
launching.