The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-07-03

After the war China began to respect
and learn from Japan. Chinese students
poured into Japan In large numbers.
II was the Chinese Emperor himself who
TOOK the lead In the reformation. He
singled out Kang-Yu-Wei for his bright
talent. d%isregarding the traditional sys-
tenn OF appointment by examination.
He introduced many other important
innovations to Improve the condition and
solidify the foundation Of the declining
empire. He visited our late Emperor
MeiJi az asked him for advice on the
measutu to be adopted for the removal
ton OF - empire. China became really
consoles or the true causes of her de-
feat. otthe vital weakness Of the state
structure. If she had only continued In
her new resolution to-day we should see
. great and enlightened empire, with
Imposing dignity to command the re-
spect Of the nations OF the world. But
China's destiny seems to have been de-
creed. The Empress Dowager was
deadly against reforms. 1ncarcerating
the Emperor. she took the helm OF poll
tics. Anti-Japanese sentiment was
Tanned. All innovations were abolished.
China was eternally doomed.
VI. The Eject of the Russo-Japa.
ncse War.
For the outbreak of the Russo-Jap-
anese wal China was partly responsible.
since 200 years q China and Russia
nave been negotiating on frontier ques-
tons. At the time OF fever the Great
RUSSIAN influence was already extended
to the Amur River. Cossacks were seen
prowling along the valleys Of far east
ern SIBERIA. A great tract Of land ex-
tending to the northern coast line of
china was annexed by Russia through
her ingenious diplomacy after a series
OF negotiations which eliminated in the
treaties Of Ai-Hun and Nertchinsk. The
boxer trouble gave Russia a reason
to occupy by arms the whole area of
Tun Shan province, which she refused
To evacuate In defiance OF the combined
protest of Japan. England and the
United states, until at last this led to
the outbreak OF the Russo-Japancse
war. as the result of which Russia was
forced to retire from southern Manchu-
ria.
The var called forth the reliance
OF the Chinese people. There was again
IA sudden increase In the number Of
Chinese students taught In our schools.
public and private. A special Chinese
class was provided in the Waseda Uni
versity. On the other hand several
japanese scholars werc employed by the
central and local government Of China
as political advisers and professors.
Numerous Chinese Of high distinction
came over to inspect various institu-
tons of our country. On going home
they framed their laws and DEGREES on
the Japanese pattern. They initiated
in n great hurry without understand
ing the fundamental theories.
China differed from Japan in her
adoption of Western civilization. Japan
a~ssimilated. while China initiated. We
imported English. French and German
laws; studied. digested and skiifully
adapted them to Japanese manners and
customs. We have studied the theoreti-
cal side without losing sight of the
practical application. To the Chinese
students I always emphasized the neces-
sity of reconciling Oriental and Occl-
dental civilization. ] preached the wis
dom OF harmony as well as the folly
Of imitation. My opinion was earnestly
approved by them. n the students
sent abroad from Chlh-Li province alone
numbered more than several thousand.
President Yuan Shih-k'ai's son. who had
been In Japan, also went abroad to
finish his study. with the letter Of recon.
mendation which l gave him.
In tho course OF two or three years
Chinese fervor cooled for the third
time. Anti-Japanese sentiment again
10" y,
WIZ" Wy '"ose WY s'u"ieu Wy thou-
japanese idea vas advocated. In fact
Japan taught and China abused.
VII. Detnils of N~e~otlat1ous
For the expulsion OF the japanese
weak China appealed to tactful Ger
many. who In turn did her best to EN-
courage 'he ak't''lon' III me present
negotiations herman suItor, oenind the
curtain mas peeh quite visible found
II diilcuIt 10 eradicate the herman IN
, fuences deeply rooted IN the chinese
soil, even now when Ising-tao, once the
foothold OF German influence In the
Fast, surrendered TO the assault OF the
combined armies OF Japan and Great
Britain. At the beginning they tried
to mitigate our demands by the assist
ance OF foreign Powers. For this pur-
pose they not only disrega rded the
promise 10 keep strict secrecy about the
contents OF the demands. but disclosed
them with a large premium Of
ton. 80 as 10 arouse uneasiness in the
Interested nations.
They were very conci,latory nj the be-
ginning. They changed gradually. Al
times IN. ,abies anneared 10 have been
turned upon MS. They went as far as
ha,ween tho Two We received some.
thlhg IKE an ui'lmatum' CONCESSIONS
ai'er o'ustsrs' o'uS,erS ai'er 'oheess'ons
fea!iy w''hin the short three tnonths me
ha'iohai character OF ,he .h!hese mas
peeh revealed 10 its Iu'i extent Sn'ha
no" seemingly ioiIo"s the MANN Oh
her statesmen OF -,VVo years ago, 'oh-
troI tne near by the distant.