davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1915-03-19
GROUND HOG WEATHER
ENDED At NOON TODAY,
ONLY PARTIAL SUCCESS
so FAR AS OVERHEAD is CON.
cERNED HIS PRoPHEsY
CAME TRUE.
FELL DOWN ON TEMPERATURE
Many Days During Past Six Weeks
Have Looked DECIDEDLY Like Spring
But Very Few of Them Have Really
Felt That Way.
Tuesdays Daily.)

At noon today the Ground Hogs in
fuence over the weather will cease,
end and determine, as the lawyers
would say. Six weeks ago, at noon,
the ground hog made his initial ap-
pearance for this year of 1915. He
forecasted an end of winter and six
weeks of good weather. AS proph.
ct he has not been altogether howl
ing success. He has made sort of
compromise. In part only has he
achieved victory.
In so far as the overhead" weather
is concerned the ground hog triumph
ed completely. There has never been
a longer spell Of fair weather than
this people have had the past six
weeks at this season of the year. The
sun has shown a good part of the
time and during at least four weeks
of the period the weather has been
such as to permit of farm work. The
farmers are further advanced with
their spring plowing than is usual at
the middle of March.
But on the question of temperature,
the greatest weather prophet of all
times has fallen down. He has lot
delivered the goods. He has gone de-
cidedly wrong. 1t has looked like
spring on maAy, many days during
the past six weeks, but it has not
felt like spring on more than one
or two occasions and then for only
brief intervals. This is about the
most backward spring the oldest in.
habitant" of these parts can remem.
ber. Taking itall in all, the ground
hog has been only partially success
full as a prophet this year, but having
given farmers good working days his
failure to send grass and buds and
warm days will be generally over
looked and confidence in his power tC
discern the future will be just as firm
next year as it has ever been. All
hail the Ground Hog.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1915-03-19
BAT TIE FOR CONTROL
ELECTION MACHINERY
OF STATE IS RAGING
SENATOR LEA EXPECTED TO RE.
TURN AND TAKE CHARGE
OF HIS FORCES.
FOR CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION
Bill passed in House Provides for an
Election on Question Next August.
Convention Would Be Held During
Early Part of Next Year.
Special to The Herald.

NASHVILLE, Tenn, March 16.-
For some reason the call for the dem.
ocratic caucus, said to have been in
circulation yesterday, cannot be locat
ed today and for the present the big
contest for control of the state eloc-
tion commission is up in the air. ="
No one appears to know anything
about the caucus or the call for it.
1t is declared that the contention
upon the part of the kaiser's forces
that King, the West Tennessee com.
missioner, could hold over another
two years, has been abandoned. Sen.
ator Lea, the leader of the so-called
administration forces, is expected to
return to Nashville tomorrow and
will at once take personal charge of
the forces which are being assault
ed by the allies under the personal
direction of Senator Shields.
Two bills providing for a constitu-
tional convention were passed in the
house this morning. One submits
the question of calling convention
to a vote of the people at an election
on the first Thursday of August, 1915.
The other provides for the election
of delegates to the convention, should
the call be approved, at an election
in November, 1915, and for the hold
ing of the convention in 1915.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1915-03-19
PAT DOOLEY HITS
FINANCIAL WALL
NAMES KIRK LoFTIN AS TRUs-
TEE-LIARlLITiES ARE
OVER $1,000.

Pat c. Dooley, who has been run
ming a grocery store on the square
for the past several months, made an
assignment this morning, naming
Kirk Loftin as trustee and assignee
Mr. Loftin is the chief creditor, hold
ing preferred claim under the law
OF about $500.
The schedule Of the liabilities, ex-
elusive of the debt to Loftin. is about
s1,100. There are also few small
accounts not listed that will run the
amount of the liabilities slightly in
excess Of this figure.
Mr.. Loftin is empowered to sell the
stock of goods within the next sixty
days and to make settlement with
the creditors of the the company.
After the debt to Loftin has first
been paid, the balance is to be pro-
rated among the other creditors.
Among the creditors of the firm are
a number ow large wholesale houses
of both Columbia and Nashville.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1915-03-19
CITY OFFICIALS
In MISSISSIPPI
SPENDING A FEW DAYS IN ME-
RlDlAN TO EXAMINE STREETS
OF THAT CITY.

Aldermen Frank D. Chaffin and
John Pigg, City Engineer Connor
Akin and Tom Friel, inspector of the
street work, are in Meridian, Miss,
for the purpose of examining care
fully the manner of street building
there.
While the gentlemen are away
they will also stop at Birmingham
and Decatur to see the streets in
those cities with the idea OF learning
something in regard to the methods
of street construction there.
AS the city is going into the street
building business pretty extensively
this spring, the city authorities want
to be pretty well informed in regard
to all kinds of paving before they
take any steps.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1915-03-19
DIRECTOR GENERAL
WOLDR|OGE NAMES
STOCK SHOW AIDES
,s VERY ANXIOUS TO HAVE GOV.
RYE BE PRESENT AND SEE
THE DISPLAY.
only one OF SEVEN FEATURES
Poultry Show Of This Year Ought to
Be Twice the Size of That of Last
Year-Moving Picture Man viii
Auan Be Here-TWo Bands.

DR.. Walter P. Woodbridge, director
general of the first Monday stock
show, announced this morning the
committees that will assist him on
that day in the handling of the show,
the stock and the crowds.
Committee on horses, S. W. War
field, Frank Wheeler, Hayes Denton,
James Ridley and John G. Sowell.
Committee on jacks and mules, AL
len Harlan, Clint Moore and Sims
Watson.
Committee on ponies, Will Sellars,
RID. No. 8, Laurice Moore and Eu-
gene Fleming.
Committee on poultry, Nimrod Por-
ter, Looney Walker and Macon Green,
Match, R. F. D.
Committee on Jerseys, Hugh Lee
Webster Walter D. Hastings, Porter
Erwin and R. s. Hopkins.
DR. Woodbridge is going to see Sen
ator Church the latter part of the
week in regard to having Gov. Rye
come down on first Monday The gov
ernor has been extended an invitation
to attend the meeting of the CONNER
cial club secretaries, here on that
day, and it is probable that the Board
of Trade will also ask the governor to
come down and view the stock show
while he is not in the convention.
DR.. Woodbridge is going to feature
the poultry show this year especially.
Last April there were 200 entries, and
they made a very creditable show.
This year DR.. Woodbridge is counting
on having 500 in the coops on West
Seventh street
The Crescent Amusement Co. has
practically consented to have NOV
ing picture man here to take snaps
of the show and Of the crowd that
will be here to see it.
In addition to the governor, the
stock show, the poultry show, the
Jersey show, the moving picture man
DR.. Wildridge is counting on having
another trump card that he is goine
to play. He is going to have at least
two bands to furnish music during
the morning to entertain the people
Details of the show are being
worked out daily by DR.. Woodbridge
He has written large number Of let
ters to stock men over the county
has called others by telephone, while
he has talked personally with the
rest He believes that we are goine
to have a great show, show thai
will be as good or even better in man,
respects than we had last year II the
people will forget hard times and ge
their stock ready to bring here.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1915-03-19
GREAT CONFERENCE
OF PUBLIC SCHOOL
TEACHERS ONFR|OAI
ATTENDANCE FROM THE HIGH
SCHOOLS OF SEVERAL coUN.
TIES WILL BE LARGE.
night MEETING TO Be FEATURE
People Are Invited to Hear Education
al interests Presented From Sever
al Different Viewpoints-Prominent
Speakers Coming.

Arrangements are all complete for
the holding of the high school circle
conference here on next Friday and
Saturday The attendance promises
to be exceptionally good. Giles coun-
ty will send good delegation from
both Lynnville and Pulaski. Marshall
county will send representatives from
all three of its schools. The county
high school at Lawrenceburg will
have a strong delegation present.
The Franklin school promises to be
here with a number of teachers.
Mt. Pleasant High School will send
it's entire corps of teachers and the
same will be true of the Columbia
and county high school at this place.
The conference will convene on Fri
day afternoon and among the visit
ore attending will be Prof. W. r.
Bourne, the state high school inspec-
tor, and former state superintendent
R. L. Jones.
The big feature of the conference
will be the public meeting on Friday
night At this time it is hoped to
have as many of the citizens of the
city and county present as possible
so that they may know just what the
high schools mean to the advance
ment and progress of the state. Rep.
resentatives of the legal profession
the churches and the educational In
terests will speak at this meeting.
The speakers on Friday night will
be DR.. William Benjamin Ricks, pas
tor of the First Methodist church, foI
the religious interests; John H. Din
ming for the legal profession, and
President Robert L. Jones, Of the
state teachers normal at Murfrees
boro.
On Saturday the conference will be
continued, most interesting pro
gram Of discussion of the work Of
the high school teachers having beer
prepared
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1915-03-19
WILSON WILL MAKE
STRONG PROTEST TO
BRITISH GOVERNMENT
ACTION OF THE ALLIES IN RE-
sTRicTlNG NEUTRAL CON-
MERGE DISCUSSED.
PRESIDENT. SORELY pISPLEASED
He and Senator Walsh Discuss AZ
Length the Action That Should Be
Taken by the United States to
Bring EngIshmen to Senses.

WASHINGTON, March 17.-Presi.
dent Wilson indicated today that
strong protest would be made against
the action of Great Britain and her
allies in subjecting neutral commerce
to restrictions imposed by the Brit
ish order-in-council just issued.
Senator Walsh, of Montana, an in.
ternational law authority, talked at
length with the President today about
the situation. He went to the White
House on another subject, but found
the situation produced by the com.
mercial blockade uppermost In the
Presidents mind.
AS he left the White House Senator
Walsh said the British action had no
precedent, and that an unusually Wig
orous protest should be made. He
spoke of the general regret among
senators now that before the last con.
gress adjourned power had not been
given the President to declare embar-
goes on exports from the United
States to the belligerents, He added,
however, he had no idea the President
would call an extra session for that
purpose.
Officials who studied the order-in-
council as transmitted by Ambassador
Page and the British embassy found
differences in it from the version in
the cable dispatches, but would not
indicate whether they we're of an i'm
portant character. Their displeasurs
at the contents of the order was evil
dent
The British order will be made pub
lie tomorrow by the state department,
together with the full text of the
notes to and from Great Britain and
Germany, in which the United States
sought to bring about an abandon
ment of submarine warfare and the
shipment of conditional contrabana
to civilians. The department also has
arranged with the British foreign Of
fee to make public tomorrow the re-
ply of the British government to the
American note Of inquiry asking how
the British embargo on commerce to
| Germany was to be carried out in
practice This is understood to con-
+, tain the British order as well as an
additional memorandum in which the
word blockade" appears for the frst
time.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1915-03-19
COUNTY cON1ESTI
HELD ON MARCH 81
PROBABLE THAT THERE WILL
BE 30 OR 20 ENTRIES FOR
oRAToREAl MEDALS.

1t is probable that there will be be-
tween thirty and forty entries in the
primary and secondary county orator
ical contests which will be held at
the Athenaeum on the afternoon and
evening of March 81.
There will probably be about an
equal number Of entries in each of
them The primary contest is for
those below a certain age and grade,
while the secondary is for the pupils
above these requirements.
The afternoon contest will begin at
2:30 O'Clock, the evening contest at
s o'clock. Among the schools which
have promised that they will have
boys and girls entered are Mcdowell
McCains, Glendale, Dttaton, Mt.
Pleasant, Hampshire, Woodrow and
Central High School OF Columbia.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1915-03-19
tL|HU ROOT WILL Be
CHOICE OF Old TIME
REPUBLICANS IN 1915
EARNS PREDICTS HIS NoMlNA-
TIoN BY AccLAMATioN AT CON-
VENTlON YEAR HENCE.
WAS never in BETTER HEALTH
The Old Line Taft Republicans Are
soIidly Behind Root, Says One OF
The New York Leaders Of the
Grand Old Party.

ALBANY, March T.-"Elihu Root
will be nominated and elected Presi-
dent of the United States in 1915.
He may protest illhealth and age,
but he will be the Republican nom
inee and win over Wilson or any
other possible rival"
This prediction was thrown into
the Whitman Presidential boomers
camp soon after the arrival here to
night of William Barnes, Jr.
Root is due tomorrow for consul.
tation with Senate Leader Brown,
Speaker Sweet and others ostensibly
to frame a programme for the Con.
stitutional Convention, which be.
gins here April 6. Root is to pre-.
side over that convention He is to
be kept in the limelight as a Presi.
Dental probability during the four
months it is expected to be in ses.
sion.
The Americans authority contin.
ued:
'As to health. | saw Root yester.
day and he was never in better
health AS to age, it is true he is
seventy years old, but that does not
make him ineligible for the Presi
dency.
''The nation is calling for man as
big as the country, one who can di
rect it's affairs with wisdom, knowl
edge and power 1t is tired Of agi
tators, theorists and pedagogues. II
has had nothing else for fourteen
years. | think Republicans will be
solidly behind Root, that he will need
no other platform than the one have
just indicated and that the demand
for him will be 80 overwhelming that
he will be nominated by acclamation
In saying this l speak without hi:
wishes"
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1915-03-19
HENRY KENNEDY
LANDED In JAIL
FIRST BOOTLEGGER INDICTED BY
LAST GRAND JURY Is AR
RESTED.

Henry Kennedy was arrested late
tuesday afternoon by Deputy Sam
Hardison at the Mink Slide" on East
Eighth street. Henry is the first vic
Tim arrested for bootlegging under in
dlctments returned by the last grand
Jury, He was carried to the jail,
where failing to make bond he was
locked up. There are two indict-
ments pending against him, charging
MIN with selling liquor without a II
cense.
Kennedy has been suspected for
some time. He runs a pressing shop
On the Mink Slide" where a great
ueaI Of the crime of the city has its
origin
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1915-03-19
HEGIRAS ARE NOW
MADE A FELONY
HOUSE PASSES A BILL TO PRE-.
VENT MEMBERS LEAVING
THE STATE.

Special to The Herald
NASHVILLE, Tenn, March IT,
The house this morning by vote of
"A to Is passed a bill allowing wives
and husbands to testify for and
against each other in criminal pro
ceedings.
The senate concurred in the house
resolution providing for the election
of two state election commissioners,
but it was so amended to have the
election March 20 instead Of March
"a.
The house passed the bin of Mr..
Johnson, of Warren, making it felo.
ny for any member of the legislature
to wilfully absent himself from the
legislature for the purpose Of breaking
a quorum or impeding legislation.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1915-03-19
JOHN B. CANNON
CROSSES RIVER
BRILLIANT YOUNG CHAPLAIN OF
SEWANEE PASSES AWAY
FROM OPERATION.
Special to The Herald.

Special to The Herald.
NASHVILLE. Tenn, March IT,
Rev. John B. Cannon died this after
noon at 1880 O'Clock at ST. Thomas
hospital He had been here for few
days, having been brought from Sc
vance in the special car OF John Howe
Peyton fer an operation His condi
tion was not regarded as serious un-
til few hours ago.
DR.. Cannon was one of the most
prominent and eloquent young divinee
in the Episcopal church in Tennee
see After a brilliant rectorship at
Grace church in Memphis, he went
to Sewanee about two years ago, and
became the chaplain OF the Universi-
ty Of the South,
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1915-03-19

NASHVILLE, Tenn, March 16.--
James H. Baird, president and editor
Of the Southern Lumberman, vas
struck by a switch engine this morn
ing as he was leaving sleeper in
the yards Of the L. & N. Railroad.
Mr.. Baird was seriously hurt, and
his condition is regarded as being
very grave.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1915-03-19
FARMER, STRUCK By
TRAIN, UNINJURED
HURLED THIRTY FEET WITHOUT
SCRATCH OR BRUlsE BEING
SUFFERED BY HIM.

BIG SANDY, Tenn, March IL
Berry Melton, a farmer OF near town,
was struck by train in the corpor-
ate limits here yesterday and hurled
a distance Of thirty feet He surviy-
ed the incident without a scratch or
bruise. not even being knocked sense
less. He was walking along the main
track and stepped upon it, believtns
the train was moving on a side tradk.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1915-03-19
AT
ADHESION BROS.
''OHt Is BEING RENOVATED, RE,
PAPeRED AND REPAINTED
FOR SPRING.

ne store of Adkisson Brothers is
'''lS renovated and refreshed. New
paper and paint are being used on the
,"'e'ior and the stock is being rear
.""sea. When finished the store will
F''seh' an unusually bright and at
a."'e appearance. The windows
VII also be redecorated
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1915-03-19
JAMES H. BAIRD -. -
SERIOUSLY HURT
SOUTHERN LUMBERMAN EDITOR
STRUCK BY SWITCH ENGINE
IN YARDS.

Special to The Herald.
LATER-Mr. Baird died this after
noon az a result Of the injuries sus.
tained in the railroad yards this
morning.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1915-09-02

For Sale: Several canary birGs.
Guaranteed to be good singers. See
Mrs. Chas. Ping, 351wpd.
Evans Marquesen and family left
Sunday by auto for weeks visit at
Atlantic and Des Moines
b. w. Carr. of Hinton, Okla. who
spent two weeks visiting here with
his daughter, Mrs c. e. Jordan and
family and with numerous farmer
friends, departed for his home Tues
day Mr.. Carr had been TO family
reunion of the Carr families in New
York state. which is held annually.
He is the eldest OF the Cars. being
close to so. but carries himself AS
spry as man of so years.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1915-09-02

During the absence of the editor at
Pella, the Republican this week is
being edited by a former employee.
Mrs Nettie Williams, who has been
at Elliott the past several weeks, re-
turned to Audubon Monday and went
out to the home of her sister, Mrs.
Thos. Campbell. She was the guest
of the Robert Bishop family while
away.
Pat Daily of Atlantic. who has been
working at the barber trade at Car
roll. resigned his position and came
TO Audubon Friday for a visit with
Jens Haals. by whom he was former
ly employed. He left for his home
on the evening train.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1915-09-02

Money 70 loan ON LIST anc End
mortgages at lowest rates. Abstracts
to all lands and lots In Audubon
County furnished promptly.
Arnold, Ross q Rasmussen.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1915-09-02
MONEY TO LOAN AT Low RATES

With optional payments. Complete
set of Abstract Books to all Land In
Audubon County, kept up-to-date,
insurance written. CHAS. BAGLEY.
Freie Presse fuÌˆr Texas. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1865-1945, 1915-09-15
sd benz, idD Id)iuius' Elm
Sdiuert !"

9urd blonoe Seloer reifen aorns bin i1:
gefdritten,
llno blonde W1dbden banben pone Car
ben
Sic 9nlne fbipnnften, bon oetn Genlcns
fdipittlg Serfhnitten,
llnb fnllenb rn11hten Tie: Mir ldIlel
end nidt bnrbenl
Son fernen 9iiseln fam Elm iparmer
gStflo ge3pgerl
llnb iteifte mein @eiiht fpie cine Iiebe
Wnnge
Sod iiber frober 3nberiidt itieg blnu
Der 6innelsbogerl
8eit iiber WdnnerInhen ullo febn1iidbt' i
gem Mdbhenlnnge
1lnb nitten in Dem blonben, fpeiteu geb~l
rerrteere 81
@dbte Elm @reis, Der Sieb5is mitees:
itritten,
- SD fab's am 8arlb aiif ieiner 8rnff
Die Ghtpere
Ser &rieasaeit bdt i'm mol nidt bnbeima
gelitten.
st Idtpang oie Genie, ob Bic @ruit nud]
fellfte
sSn gbrfurbt bin id 5n inn duf bas GeIos
getreten
iino dls er mir Die nrbeitsruiibe 9ano
binreidte.
9a Iasen feline gIide anf benz Rom, mic
itilIes geten.
sd fonnte", fprnf ct. .rtimmermebr
Die Genie ihtpingen
SIN Srieben, benn 1nein Mrin lit nldtt ittib
Ghuee Gltf meinen 6anrer. 4
Seet dber mus id fhnffen. fhaffen. beiiit
es tIriif nns bod geIingenl
st9, 5errl Sd oerti'. id fdtpitta' eiit|
6htpert ipie In ben Siinglinassi|
- 6ans Gtafhmann.
Freie Presse fuÌˆr Texas. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1865-1945, 1915-09-15
5rieOridj Ser Grufe in yab sanoef.

sus Shleiien miro geldrieei..
Srot oes SeSubels iiber oie berrlihcn
fGrfolee unlerer Sapferen auf oett
polniihen Sdlabtfeloern bat man
I in 2atoef. Dem ioDailden 9aoe in
Der @laber gergiperf, zines oenf-
iuiiroigen Cages lli1t pergellem ssg
Der eriten 9llleuIhpohe idbrte es iih
aum 150. Male, oaB ssrieorid Der
@roBe nod Dem iteugeiponneDien Or
te fam, Inn iib elmer oreitpod)igen
gaoetur 5ll unter5ieben. Ger oan1als
Observation-Disclosures Monard bat
te in Den fhleliIden 5elo5iigen iei-
mem &Orper 5li piel Strupa5eit slige-
nlltet, Dor Maen1 plagte i'm Die @i9t
in ben geinen. Ser groBe Brell6en-
fonig batte fif erit mad langens
3ogern entl9loilen, i'm 2anoefer
Worienquen Seilung su iuden ltno1
mon fam oies perlteben; oenn 6ie4ur
mar oainals alles aroere aIs ailge-
nebm: @6breno beute oie ar5tlidJe
giiienidaft nit gdbern bon tpenigen
Wfiniiten Oauer altsfonmt, foroerfeil
0ie Meoi5iner bes adt5ebnten ssabr-
bnnoerts, bnB Ser Batient tdgild
gegen feds Stunoen i'm 8alier 5it-|
bringen 1nllBte. aein 8unoer, oaB
oenl .alten ssrib", trotoem ibm oie
Gdoer febr gut befanen, balo oie
@eoulo aitsging. Dies gebt aus ell
nenl 9riefe berpor, sem er an Serrit
BON Gait aus 2anoed l1rieb. Darin
flaete er: SD ibreibe sbnen boni
8aiier aus, neitt 2ieber, iporin if
mebr lebe als anf bem 9dnoe. SD
fanae an Slid ober @nte 5u tperoen,
ipeiB ieooh lelbft itiht, tpeldes BON
beioen. @as tperoen uniere gliten.
@erliner Iagen ipenn iie mid nit
Mltdeln besedt lino nit Slolien ge-
idmiift ieben iperben."
Ser aonis botte ieood alien
@runb, nit ieiner 2anbeder gnbe-
fur 8llfrieoen si iein. 9ereits am
|25. @ugnit foni1te er. bon leinent
Seioen aebeilt, 2anoef oerlaiien uno
iidl na6 NeiBe begeben pobin i'm
niilitariide Bflibten riefen. seSn Ct
mem 8rief on ben &ommanoanten
Der @rafihaft @lab, General De Ia
Weotte ssoiiaue, be8eiigte er fpater lei
ne @eni,gtlrung iiber ben &iirerfofg |
9ie 8aoeporne hes bohen @oites |
lit bellte nod i'm Gltrbalis su iehen. |
es lit cine idlidte 5oI5manne ntit
Dem pre,iBiiden slbler geihnliidt. |
9ie Seilquellen 2anoeds ober iper.
Den fpie Dor eineinbnlb Sabrbunoer-