The Monticellonian., 1915-07-22

1 lS feSOHiHeHueu DeIOre bubCepllDle crops. including cotton. are grown 1 The susceptible crops should not be 1 grown for more than one or two years 1 thereafter before the rotation with i'm. mune crops should be repeated. When the disease is less severe, a one or two-year rotation will do much to put the land in condition
 The following is list of crops which are largely or entirely immune 1 to root-knot: Barley; bean, velvet; l beggarweed. Florida; chufas; corn: cowpea, Brabham; cowpea, iron; cow pea, iron hybrids; grass, bermuda: l grass. crab: grasses (nearly alb; kafir. millets tnearly alb; oats, win ter; peanut; rye; sorghum. wheat; milo.
 The susceptible crops previously listed should never follow one anoth- CT in a rotation as the root-knot dam age increases each year If the first crop should escape serious injury. the nematodes will increase in the soil to such an extent that the second crop will be almost sure to show decided loss, and hence immune crops should always be alternated with susceptible ones.
 With regard to winter legumes such as crimson clover, bur clover, Japan clover and the vetches, suffi- eient observations have not yet been made to warrant any general state ment. These plants are listed as mod erately to severely attacked by root knot, but the nematodes are not very active during the period between Oc- tober 15 and April 15. when these crops are usually grown. They may. therefore, escape serious injury. Best Rotations to Use. While no recommendations can be given that will apply to all situations and soil types typical rotation that can be modified to fit any condition is suggested. For land infested with both wilt and root-knot the following treatment has been successfully used by many farmers: Beginning in the fall. SOW winter oats if they can be got in early enough to make fairly good growth before it is neces- sary to blow the land for the next crop. Flow the oats under for green manure and plant corn with Iron or Brabham cowpeas between the rows. putting in the corn at the usual time, about March 15 to 20 for middle Geor- gia and South Carolina In the fall SOW winter grain; this can be cut for hay or allowed to ripen. Cowpeas. either the Iron or Brabham variety. may then be broadcasted or. better. planted in twofoot drills, where they can be cultivated once or twice. The cowpeas may be saved for seed or cut for hay and followed by another crop of winter grain. This should be plowed under in the spring in time to plant wilt-resistant variety of cotton the third year Wheat, rye, or barley may be substituted for oats as winter grain crop, and velvet beans for the Iron or Brabham cowpeaS iu the more southern districts. Any of the other immune crops included in the list may be used In the rotation.
 Considerable reduction in the nema. tOdC lliJui9 VIII lOllON tlic uSc VI q one-year rotation composed of two winter grain crops with crop of vel vet beans or resistant cowpeas grown the intervening summer. In one case in Georgia, the growing of a single crop of Iron cowpeas on wilt and nematode-infested land. where 75 per cent of the previous cotton crop was killed, resulted in reduction of the loss in the cotton crop the succeeding year to less than 10 per cent. as against joss of 30 per cent oa adjoin. ing land planted the previous year in cotton instead of Iron cowpeas. When the injury Is as severe as this. how. ever, it is usually more profitable to practice a two-year or three-year rota- tion.
 Those wishing complete advice of the departments specialists in han ding root-knot alone. cotton wilt and root-knot combined with cotton wilt, should write to the editor and chief of the division of publications. United States department of agriculture, Washington, for the new issue of Farmers Bulletin 625. Cotton Wilt and RootKnot.