The farmer and mechanic., 1915-11-02
DO YOU KNOW GOOD COFFEE?
Frank q. Carpenter Tells How the
Brazilians Make It

1 visit to- Santos, the Chief Coffee {
Port OF the WOrld-IIOw the Crop '
Is Handled. Grading COffee-MOcna
and Java From the Same Bag
Among the Coffee TaSters. Painted
coffee and Factories That Make
Coffee Substitutes.
copyright, 1915, by Frank g. Car
penter).
SANTOS, Brazil.
AS YOU sip your coffee this bright
sunday morning let me give you some
moving pictures of the Brazilian port
through which it comes to the United
states. Nearly all the coffee consum-
td in America passes through Santos.
The city is the chief coffee port OF the |
world. 1t handles more of this prod
att than any half dozen ports upon |
aarch 1t is the gateway to the vast
uIaptations of Sac Paulo and for q |
-raater part of the year a steady |
stream Of coffee bags flows down into
a from the Brazilian highlands and
jncn takes the ships which carry them
3D. the United States and to Europe
Everything in Santos is coffee. The
town is built upon coffee beans and
tne fortunes Of its citizens rise and fall
with the prices OF coffee. The people
here believe in coffee. They talk
nothing else and as they talk they
drink They drink so much Of this
beverage that they grow sallow and
the muscles of their faces twitcn con
tfuuouSlN. When one of them sits in q
chair. resting his toes on the floor,
his knees bob UP and down with
erNousness and his whole system
seems afflicted with ST. Vitus' dance.
The street traffic of Santos is C0f-
fea Huge automobiles, piled high with
baG-. move this way and that. Heavy
carts similarly loaded are hauled by
mules among the motor machines. ana
u.uucS run across the rOadways with
e.cat bags on their shoulders.
rhc coffee scenes begin at the
vAarves | came here from Rio de
J>ueiro on the good ship Arlanza. The
Ar,anza is Royal Mail steamer of
1G.000 tons. 1t has a heavy draft,
out it made its way easily up the
deep tropical river nd stopped at the
WharNes Of Santos amid ships taking
ON coffee for all parts OF the world
Landing, | took my camera and
made snapshots of the loading. Upon
many Of the steamers the coffee was
being carried on the backs of men
They took the bags from the ware
houses, carried them to the decks o.
the steamers and dropped them into
he holds In this process dart
stream Of porters flows from th'
wharves to the steamer. The men 81
on the trot, each loaded with bag o
1872 pounds. Some of them carry tn
bags on their shoulders, leaning then
against the back of the head: other
raise them to the crown Of the head
holding the ends of the bags with tn
SO the deck. The men are Drawn
and fuil-chested. They have neck
like that Of a bull. the muscles o
which have been turned to iron b
the enormous weights which from
boyhood they have been accustome
10 carry on their heads.
Many of the steamers are no.
loaded with endless belts like thOs
upon which wheat is carried fror
place to place in our great elevator
These belts run upon carriers Whlc
begin I'm the basement OF the gref
coffee warehouse and wind their wa
under the floor until they reach tf
Wharves Here they rise aid trav
overhead and empty their loads int
the holds OF the steamers. The bas
ave dropped on to the belts and al
not touched again until they are pacl
ei i'm the hold. AS they move alor
through the air they seem to De 1al
Is alive They look like gigantic mix
" seals crawling along.
leaving the wharves. l went in
the warehouses There are mo
thau score running for mile CT
along the docks. They cover acr
ara ore packed from floor 10 roc
Re bags are laid up Ike cordw 90
a"d v2rchouse may be solid ,oa
Of these bag Of coffee. In one or Il
warehouses tie men were !o3dlil
Greet. lusty fellows. they were ia
20 the waist and barefooted. The
muscles were like those OF prlzefigI
ers. and all were broad shoulders a.
thick necked / took out my wat
ard counted heir speed. Thcy dro
pei the bags on the chute at the ia
Of one every second. AT every III
my watch ticked 1872 pounds OF coli
upon the travelling belt and start
on its way to the hold of the steal
er. The hourly stream measured
ltrln lnsS 1han n s 600 mounds and eve