davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1915-02-14

following the vessel. The number of
locomotives is. however, increased when
the tonnage of the ship demands it.
Cables extend from the forward loco
motives and connect with the port and
starboard sides respectively of the ves
sci near the bow. and other ca bles con-
meet the rear locomotives with the port
and starboard quarters of the vessel.
The lengths of the various cables are
adjusted by a special winding drum on
the locomotive to place the vessel sub
stanttally in mid channel When the
leading locomotives are started they
tow the vessel, while the trailing loco
motives follow and keep all the cables
taut. BY changing the lengths of the
rear cables, the vessel can be guided,
and to stop the vessel all the loco
motives are slowed down and stopped.
thus bringing the rear locomotives in
action to retard the ship Therefore,
the vessel is always under complete
control quite independent of its own
power. which is not used, and the dan
ger of injury to the lock walls and
gates is consequently greatly lessened
The towing tracks have a specially
designed rack rail extending the entire
length of the track between the rails
II is through this rack that the loco
motive eXerts the traction necessary
for propellng large ships and climbing
the steep inclines. When the loco
motives reaches one of the inclines be-
tween the locks. the grade of which
may he as much A per cent. or
when 1t is towing ship, the cog-rall
system is utilized to enable the loco
motive to climb the grade, and in the
other case to exert traction necessary
for pulling the ships. The cog or
rack rail is laid between the track rails
and the locomotive is provided with
cogwheel or rack pinion to engage the
rail.
A rack rail is also provided on short
port ions of the return track, SO as to
lower the locomotives safely from one
level to the next. The steepeSt slope
is &c degrees. or Al per cent. hence the
need will be seen for rack rail even
on the return track, as any traction
locomotive with the usual wheel drive,
even with the brake set. would begin
to slide on a is per cent grade, and
therefore could not be controlled. With
a rack rail, however, traction is limited
only by the capacity of the driving
motors and not by the adhesion of the
wheel treads on the rails.
Three phase. 22O-volt alternating
current is used for operating the loco
motives, and the current is supplied to
the locomotives through an under
ground contact system. specially de-
signed contact plow slides between two
IT" conductors and transmits the pow
er to the locomotive. This contact plow
also passes through the slot opening
in the conduit cover and is fieXibly con-
nected to the locomotive in such a
manner as to follow all Irregularities
in the tracks and crossovers. and there
fore insures continuous supply of
power.
= The working parts of the locomotive
Evening star., 1915-02-14

Special Correspondence of The star
LAUSANNE. Switzerland. February /.
E0HE Austrian baroness in this ho
tel IS on her balcony again.
Carefully she drips her plate
q of coffee grounds. slowly turn
ing il. at moments. for the millions Of
Tiny wet particles to spread. from fg-
ures. and not pile up confusingly. She
wants to know if her husband is
wounded
Her husband is in the war. She wants
10 know il she will get letter. if he
has enough tobacco. if he is victorious,
IL the money will come from her aunt
in Gratz and If she ought to buy that
hat.
She goes to church and prays. She
has two women cutting and sewing for
Hungarian refugees twoolen stuffs are
easier bought in Switzerland, but must
be sent out personal baggage, not
exported as a commerce. She partici-
pates in Red Cross fairs and concerts.
She is patient, good. submissive. yet at
times she cannot help it; she Just must
go to the coffee grounds.
How does such craze get across
war barriers?
Women all over Europe consult cof-
fee grounds.
On the steppes of Siberia, 1t is tea
grounds; in the French Medoc il is
wine lees: on the Danube, it is wet
cornmeaI-all more difficult to handle
for the same results
Professors OF the art teach il from
house to house, In cities. At BesancOn,
IL is a hospital amusement AT Leipzig
officers wives have coffee grounds aft
ernoons. Handbooks appear on the
stands The newspapers are full of cof-
fee grounds editorials saying: With
out consulting coffee grounds. We see
no Immediate solution, etc.
Coffee grounds mean dread, hope, pa
tience. agony of heart and even prayer
of poor mortals under unusual and
universal strain. Europe is an anxious
place.
You take two or three large pinches
of very fine, dry coffee grounds. Throw
them into a littl cup, dilute them with
a little water and pour it all on a nat
clean plate. Bend over and blow on
& in every direction, to spread the di-
HIted grounds all over the plate. Leave
Ssem repose a short time. Then drip
6S excess of liquid off with great
f5re.
SAs the excess of liquid drips Off i,
form channels In the thicker grounds
which stick to the plate, and these
spreading and separating as the plate
10 turned and dripped. form figures
Evening star., 1915-02-14

She expected to have good time IN Paris,
but Paris was sad. and she fled. Beauti-
full, healthy, pleasure-loving creature
with plenty of money, she was lost In
Europe. At Lausanne the idea came to
her-She would work for refugees or both
sides. (The convalescent Hungarian with
velvet eyes says she ought TO, ana she
really promised the French lieutenant at
Pontarlier). She employs five women.
keeps three sewing machines gong, ana
a confidential messenger to take the SACKS
of womens and girls garments and un-
derwear, and socks, stockings, underwear,
f1annels. etc, for both sexes to the frencn
and Austrian frontiers, both close at
hand.
Is it right to consult coffee grounds"
she asks. grown suddenly serious
"Yes," replies good and venerable
man, ION condition that you don't be-
lieve them
Then, in a wise theory, he elucidates
the remarkable fact that their fortunes al
ways come out true.
People who consult coffee grounds"
he says, watch their ways. doings and
happenings. Ordinarily people go helter-
skelter. and remember nothing. We seek
for sign because We are worried by
danger to dear ones. and troubled by com
promised incomes, p'io puSiie-,, thiio an
the procession of boredoins. disappoint-
,nents and sudden changes following on
the tragical events of Europe. If our
coffee grounds make circles. sure sign
Of money. we wait with better patience,
and when money comes-as it always
does, but never enough-we remember
that the coffee grounds told true
YES" says the bereaved bride, with
tear-stained cheeks, but how about
long, straight lines cut across by short
ones. They signify sickness in propor-
tion to the number of steps. the more
the Sicker"
The good man signs.
sickness comes. too Be glad of a
reminder to take precautions.
So. if YOU drip a tripod, like three
legged stool, or comb with three teeth.
YOU will triumph over the machina-
tions of an enemy. Now. most women
who are worth anything have enemieH
Assured in advance of triumph. one has
Evening star., 1915-02-14

SNoRTY electric locomotives of
III unique design are used to tow
shipping through the huge
locks of the Panama canal.
When the canal was being planned it
was apparent that the various winch
and capstan systems in vogue for tow
ing ships through existing canals and
locks would not do for Panama. After
a thorough study of the entire problem
of maneuvering the ships. it was evi-
dent that they could not safely pro-
ceed through the locks under their own
power, and that "A substitute for the
ships power should embrace the fol-
lowing requirements:
Ability to place the ship in proper
relation to the locks, capacity for
keeping the ship in its course; accele-
rating and retarding the ship without
rupturing the lines; the lines when
once attached should he used without
change for lockage in flight
IN passing through the canal from
the Atlantic to the Pacific vessel en-
ters the approach channel in Limon
bay. which extends to Gatun. a distance
u
tiers a series of three locks in flight
ana is raised eighty-fvc feet to the
level of Gatun lake. 1t then steams at
fuli speed through the greater part of
the channel in this lake. for "a distance
or twenty-four miles. to Bas Obispo
where it enters the Culebra cut. 1t
passes through this cut. which has u
length of nine miles. and reaches Pedro
lowered thirty feet. Then il passes
through Mirafiores lake for a distance
of one and one-haIf miles, until it
reaches Miratiores, where it is lowered
nifty five feet through two locks 10 the
sea level. after which it passes out into
the Pacific ocean through channel
eight and one-half miles long.
The main features of all the lock
SITES are Identical, and the following
orief description of the Gatun locks,
with special reference to the arrange
nient of the towing tracks. ship chan
neis, Inclines and approa ches, gives a
clearer conception of the towing
scheme in general
There are two channels at Gatun. one
ior trafflc in each direction. The chan
rels are separated by a center wall
The total length of which is $3.50 feet
There are two systems of tracks, one
for towing and the other for the re-
turn of the electric locomotives when
returning idle This. however, refers
only to the outer walls. For the CEN
ter wall. there is only one return track
in common for both the towing tracks.
The towing tracks are naturally placed
next to the channel side land the syS
TEN of towing utiIizes normally not
less than four locomotives running
along the lock walls. Two of them are
opposite each other in advance of the
vessel. and two run opposite each other
Evening star., 1915-02-14

Channels
Gaun DnectonFm Vessel The
Working Parts Electric Their Have
Shipping
by Electrical Mechanical the sthman
Evening star., 1915-02-14

Wet Particles Supposed Tell
in
Meet the Is Possible Make the Coffee Grounds Things
Evening star., 1915-02-14
calm confidence to be gracious,
heap Goals of fire on their heads.

calm confidence to be gracious, and
heap Goals of fire on their heads.
Ks
And, so, if you find crooked line
warning you that your enterprise will
fail, your hope be deceived, and ruin,
perhaps, will stare you in the face, all
right-take measures to Illustrate it.
Because. you know. you can avoid the
bad fortunes.
I neglected to mention it, but this is
the fascinating part of coffee grounds.
All depends on where the signs are, on
the plate.
In your minds eye. when you read the
figures, draw horizontal line, an
equator, across the center of the plate
Agrippa Won Nettesheim, in the four
teenth century, called IL tine level OF
the righteous"
Agrippa Won Nettesheim consulted
wine-Iees. in his day. coffee being then
unknown in Europe, but he was a
grand old expert in essentials.
"All the figures which appear in the
upper or northern half of the plate,
above the level of the righteous. have
far greater power for good and lesser
power for ill than those appearing be-
meath it," says Agrippa. Their full
fillmnets may be modified, increased or
avoided by prudence and virtue of the
consultant."
Il,
tical diameter straight up and down
the center of the plate. Agrippa Won
Nettesheim called it the mystery. All
the figures found in the right hand or
eastern section take a favorable ten
dency, while those on the left hand are
unpropitious.
Observe how it worked with the Aus
trian baroness
She found a serpent below the level
of the righteous, a sure sign of being
calumniated by a jealous person. with
danger of its being believed. Beside
1t was a star or flower. which signifies
the beloved person. in the western or
left-hand section, which is squarely
unfavorable. And, below, there was q
chain denoting family complications,
south of the eQuator-that is. in a bad
sense.
The baroness was all upset again.
She sent regrets to the bridge, coun-
termanded that hat (not the one men
toned, but another). and stayed in
doors all day, sewing with her women.
Yet that evening, she showed up at
the bridge, radiant.
What is?" l whispered. =
MY mistake" she gurgled. "All SO
silly! tShe speaks English -English)-
I was looking at it up-side-down.'
And the child spoke true.
She proved it to me later. Shifting
the plate round, just q quarter turn, the
serpent came above the level OF the
Evening star., 1915-02-14

are supported by two longitudinal up
right side frames of cast steel, con-
nected by transverse beams The loco
motive is thus mounted upon four
wheels, carried on two aXleS, the wheel
base being twelve feet and the overall
Evening star., 1915-02-14

length of the locomotive over thirty
two feet. Each axle is driven by its
own motor. Independent of the other.
and the construction is identical at
both ends of the machine. The motor
is of the three-phase type. and it is
Evening star., 1915-02-14

ed lines. straight lines, birds heads
houses. boats. etc. The whole art is in
blowing. dripping and spreading so
that the grounds shall not pile up and
become confusing.
Evening star., 1915-02-14

Special Correspondence Of The star.
LAUSANNE, Switzerland. February /.
ENlHE Austrian baroness in this ho-
tel IS on her balcony again.
Carefully she drips her plate
& of coffee grounds, slowly turn
The Western outlook., 1915-04-03
Surnames of ROYALTY.

The royal families of Europe have
not generally surname because
mostly (unlike the English houses OF
Stuart and Tudor, which were the
respective surnames of the first king
Of each house before he assembled the
throne) they are descended in the
male line from some territorial counts
existing long previous to the period
In which the somewhat modern Gus
tom of surnames prevailed. King
George V, derives in the male line
from the ancient counts of Wettir
(flourishing In the tenth century,
afterwards electors of Saxony, dukes
of SAKE Coburg Gotha, etc. His ances
tors in the male line were of the house
Of Este, one Of whom, Azo of Este
married early In the tenth century the
daughter and heiress of Guelph, duke
of Bavaria, from which match sprana
in the male line the dukes of Bruins
wick-Luenenburg, afterwards electors
of Hanover and kings Of Great Britain
The members of the British roya
family are described by their prince
ly titles in proceedings in the house
Of lords, and no allusion is made III
any surname-for instance, they sign
the test roll merely by their personal
or Christian name, and WEI know
nothing of any surname which apper.
tanned by right or by usage<to his late
majesty, King Edward, m to his maj
esty, King George V. n
The Western outlook., 1915-04-03
Egypt Gets More Rain Now.

Rain fell in torrents in Alexandria
Egypt, during/the rejoicings over the
accession OF the new sultan. Some
fifty years ago the statement would
have 1seemed ridiculous; but of recent
years the climatic character of Egypt
has lost its consistency, and now we
have rain in places where none was
known before, and more rain where
there was very little, or only the gen.
tie dew.
The English are believed to be re
sponsible for the rain-with their new
channels for spreading over the land
the waters of the Nile. Cairo has only
two inches in the year, while 500 miles
I'D the Nile there is practically none
at all. Just as the plantation of trees
In a desert will bring rain, so is Egypt
now a moister place because of the
extension Of cultivated lands. But it
Is not likely that all our western CIV
ilization will ever destroy the won
derful dryness of Egyptian air with
which the constitutions of invalids
and pyramids agree.
The Western outlook., 1915-04-03

KEEP UF UNREST IN CHINA
Fervent Believers In Evil Spirits and
Kindred Invisible Agencies Source
of Much Trouble.

It is a common belief among the ig-
horant classes of the Chinese that
the innumerable evil spirits of the
lead are real and terrible demons.
These demons are believed to be able
TO subject the relatives to the most
evil state of bondage and suffering.
Superstition runs so rampant
throughout China. In spite of the
sprinkle of education and advances
made during the last decade by occi-
dental commerce and missionary eff
forts, that the average native firmly
believes in the existence of invisible
agencies. These --tperstitious agen-
cies can mysterioC-ly cut off queues
and bring about sickness or accident
or other dire disasters.
Because of this superstitious fear
and belief in the presence of evil de-
mons. many of the Chinese are fire.
quenfly aroused to the widest, most
uncomfortable state of excitement.
These latter outbreaks manifest them
selves in different phases Of public
disorder and rioting. For example, In
1877 a panic broke out in which a
queue-cutting mania occurred
The later Boxer outbreak was a gi-
gantic illustration of how supersti.
tious fear can arouse the average Mon
golian. Under the stress of high ex-
element and fever, the average ig-
norant Chinaman, led on by unscru.
pulous leaders, is made to actually be
lieve that all the laws of nature have
for their especial benefit been sud,
denly repealed. The ignorant, super
stitious mind of the native is readily
worked up to the point where he be-
lieves he bears a charmed life and
that his body is invulnerable to rife
bullets, exploding artillery shells OF
other missiles of war.
Difficult as it Is to believe, there
are native fatalists existing today in
China so wildly superstitious that
they believe no sword has ever been
forged which can cut their charmed
lives. Obviously, they have never
gone up against the real thing in oc
cidental warfare, but it is with such
sophistries that these fatalists in
flame the superstitious minds of theil
ignorant followers. The disturbing
and perilous element among the Ce
lestials, with their wild superstitions
is impossible to estimate, but in spite
of the marvellous advances during the
last two decades, China is still filled
with such dangerous men. One OF
the great needs of modern China is
some educational method whereby
these wicked and evil states of the
ignorant, superstitious mind of the Ce
lestial can be overcome.-Clyde Wit
mer
The Western outlook., 1915-04-03
The Freaks Must Go,

The secretary of the Minnesota
state fair is authority for the state
ment that the freak show and Che
sensational side show will not have
place in the state fairs Of 1915 This
form of entertainment is to- be re-
placed by educational exhibitions, the
step having been decided ION by the
American Association Of Fairs and
Expeditions ip convention at Chicago
: 1t will be a gres4 relief If the
minds of children are not to be alb.
normally stimulated by these morbid,
not to say revolving. sights. The idea
that the poor E1onstrosities of nature
should be exploited by means Of their
deformities/is repulsive and produc.
tive Of NJ good. The practice of al
lowing takers to grow fat off pro-
ceeds/ from showing" these unfor
tunates is species of barbarism.
/fhe atmosphere that pervades state
4airs Is as wholesome as that which
surrounds any of our national institu.
lions, and it has always been a wrong
to vitiate it by the clinical features of
a freak show.-Minneapolis Journal.
The Western outlook., 1915-04-03
A Quaint Idea,

A new idea was introduced in the
display>of the wedding gifts at a re
cent New York wedding-the repro
duction, namely, In exquisite NINA
ture, of the gifts that were too huge
to be displayed on the black oak tables
In the hall.
Thus one of the gifts was an old
English manor house. Reproduced to
the last detail in a two-foot model
the gray manor house Of the sixteenth
century struck, amongst the pearls
and chiseled silver, an exceedingly
picturesque note.
Another gift was a very low gray
torpedo touring car of sixty horse
power. The model, a perfect one, sci
on a gold-mounted dressing case. made
all the guests's mouths water.
The brides brothers. gift was rid
ing horse, an Irish hunter The model
was done In clay by girl sculptor.
There were several other gifts also
reproduced in miniature, among them
motor boat and biplane.
The Western outlook., 1915-04-03
Science Museum.

Several groups of objects of special
interest as illustrating appliances
used in war by sea, land, and air
have been brought together in two
rooms in the Science museum, South
Kensington, London. Perhaps the
most striking of these are the series
of models of types of British warships
and of British and foreign aircraft.
Among the former are models of sew.
eral well-known ships, including a
model Of his majesty's ship Good Hope
and one Of the dreadnaught battleship
his majesty's ship Monarch, the latter
recently added to the collection on
loan. Submarines are represented by
drawings and photographs. With sew.
eral of the models in the aeroplane Sec
ton there are full-size engines and
parts. The enemy's aircraft are rep
resented by a general model of the
Rumpler-Taube monoplane, which was
the chief German army machine at
the beginning Of the war, and dia-
gram drawing of a Zeppelin.
The Western outlook., 1915-04-03
A Good Name.

All great men have children named
after them. There was time In
America when Washington and Jeffer-
son enjoyed, at the baptismal font, a
standing not less regular than that Of
John, or Henry, or james. Now 1t ap-
pears that Frenchmen, instead of NAM
ing their boys Philippe, CASTOR, An
tome, are calling them Joffre. Fig
ures gathered in one town show that
between August and December 10
no less than twenty-one fathers OF
families bestowed this name upon
their sons. A plumber In the same
town desired to have his little daugh-
ter called Joffrette. But the town clerk
declined to admit the name to the Off
cial register. "And yet" says French
commentator, "it's a pretty name
enough"
The Western outlook., 1915-04-03
TINES MANY CHANGES
oLD.TIMER BECOMES REMINlS
CENT ON THE SUBJECT.
Extinction of the Wild Pigeon on a
Par With That of the Buffalo
But the Sparrow Still Is
With Us.

"Time does change the order OF
things" said one of number of ell
derby men who were gathered In a
grocery store over at the Cape one
evening last week, "and some of the
changes that are hardly noticed or
even known by most of the younger
people of today are in many ways re-
markable.
"Take, for instance, the wild pigeon
that was to be found in almost every
patch of woods in the state when
was a boy; there is not one to be
found in the entire country east or
west of the Rockies today, and one
of the departments at Washington has
offered a large reward for anyone
who will produce or tell where nest
of the wild pigeons can be found.
Gas said they were very plentiful
in these parts back in the SOS and
many were found in the COS and early
'70s, but today not one can be found
in the United States The cause Of
all this lies in the fact that many
people carried on the business of trap
ping them and out in Scarboro a man
by the name of Plummer did this to
such an extent that he came to be
known as Pigeon Dave Plummer. The
traps were so arranged that hundreds
of the birds would be caught at one
spring of the trap, and when one
comes to think that this business was
carried on all over the country, it is
easy to see how in years their num-
bers dwindled and finally died out al
together"
"On the other hand" said another
of the party, comparatively a few
years ago we had never heard of such
a bird as the English sparrow, and
today they are as thick as white weed
in poor mans pasture"
Speaking of white weed" said the
first speaker, reminds me of the time
l went to school way up on what is
now Highland avenue, and white weed
was just making it's appearance in
the fields. 1t was not very plentiful,
however, and remember that a farm
er named Dyer told us boys that he
would give us a cent a dozen for all
We could pick In his field, for by that
means 1t was kept from going to seed
Look at the fields nowadays. If one
could get cent dozen for it now,
a person could get rich in the course
of a couple of years and not have to
work but week or two each year at
that. Yes, sir, there have been many
changes in such things as these dur
ing the last 20 or more years, and are
still going on."-Portland Express and
Advertiser.