The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1915-12-26

NV N'lh w "
IN preparing the meals-reindeer was
the chief food-and In making the
pelts into covers and clothing. when
.yer possible the work was done out
side the grottos. hut In rainy or emily
weather the whole tribe would seek
refuge inside. gathering around tho
fire hearths fed with wood Odd cor
ners served as ~storehouses for fuel
or dried meat. preserved against the
DAYS when extreme cold and binding
snow forbade the hunters to venture
forth.
ct In possible that the dense COM
munal life OF these times may have
favored a social evolution. the develop
ment of the Imagination and of tribal
lore and the beginning OF religious be-
lief and ceremonial. The burials AZ
Krapina. Croatia. It may be said. sug-
gest that at least some OF the Mean
derthals may have been cannibals."
Or. Osborn was asked how 1t was
known that the Neanderthals were ex-
terminated.
THE ro-Magnon culture follows
Immediately upon the final deposits OF
the Neanderthals." he replied. The
Nea nderthals left no trace whatever
OF Cro-Magnon art and the Cro-Mag-
mons left no trace whatever OF
Neanderthal blood. Often the con-
querors save the women and children.
but in this case there was no inter-
marriage or 1t would have been In
dictated in the skeletal remains.
THE Cro-Magnons were markedly
different anatomically from the hulk
ing. low grade Neanderthals-really
supermen compared with them. In
deed. they were one OF the finest races
that ever lived. superior in menta
capacity to the average European. tail
and finely proportloned. The average
height Of the Neanderthal was ) feet
| inch. The tallest was 8 feet 3 inches.
The average Cro-Magnon was 3 feet
10 inches tall and some of the men
found at Grimaldi. Italy. measured
= feet 4 inches. Further. the Cro-Mag-
mons had a civilized back with its
four Curvatures. longer legs and
shorter arms.
They may have had superior
weapons. Needless to say. they had
vastly better brains. The upper part
u the tro-Magnon face was vertical.
convex N the inedian line. as in the
highest types Of Homo sapiens. There
were no supraorbital ridges and the
Jaw Was not ~prognathous. The dis
tInctiNe feature of the Cro- Magnons
Is the extraordinary disharmunic COM
Dination of a doliChoCephaliC cranium
with "A broad face, widest across the
cheek bones.
SO peculiar is the broad face IN
s'eaa or The long, narrow face. In as
s"clation with the long narrow head.
anthropologists claim. that It is a
means OF identifying the descendants
OF the Cro-Magnons. The most re-
proba blliiies of descent exist,
among the peasants of Dordorne. the
geographic centre Of the Cro-Magnons
in Palaoli,hic times.
III they are indeed descendan MS or
the C~r--Magnons. they represent TN.
oldest living race IN western Enron.
Ana is II not extremely significant that
the most primitive language in Europe.
that a the Bdsques in the northern
iErehees' Is spoken only 200 miles to
me southwest? Is there "a connection
etween the original language Of the
Cro-Magnons and the existing agglu-
tinatiNe language Of the Basoues
which IL totally different from al, tho
European languages? This hypothesis
is suggested by Ripley. for il is not
uncomfortable that the ancestors Of he
Basques conquered the Cro-M agnons
and acquired their language. II is
perhaps the most striking instance