Bisbee daily review., 1915-08-01
FIRST YEAR IF EUROPEAN WAR AT ITS TERRIBLE END
One Year Ago, Today, Germany Declared War Upon Russia and Soon Other Nations of Eu-
 rope Were Involved in Conflict.
NATIONS NOW
 IN THE CONTROVERSY
Thousands of Square Miles Have Been Laid to Waste, Millions
 of Men Killed or Wounded and Life of Nations at StandstiII.

or Wen Killed or wounded ana
 Life of Nations at StandstiII.
 The second year Of the European war opens today On Aug 1. 1914, Germany declared war against Russia and the last chance vanished of local izinE the Austro-Serbian war, declared three days previously by Austria Hungary
 All the great Powers Of Europe were drawn into a struggle the like of which history has not heretofore recorded Eleven nations are at war and almost an lands are affected, di- rectly or indirectly. Millions of men have been killed, wounded or carried to captivity in hostile countries Bll- lions of dollars have been expended. Thousands of square miles of terri tory have been devastated and hun dreds of cities and towns laid waste. Half the world is in mourning for the dead. And although the war has been lin progress with unexampled fury for a year, the result may be summarized in one brief sentence: No decisive results have been achieved and the end is not in sight
 Determination to pursue the wal to a decisive ending has been ex- pressed by high officials of all the bel ligerent nations, preparations are be- ing made for next winters campaign. and, in fact, indications from Europe are that it is more likely to increase in size rather than decrease. It is stm an open question whether Bulgaria, Rumania or Greece will be drawn in.
 In view of the immensity Of the struggle, previous standards count for little in considering the price the world is paying The figures involved are SO vast as to convey little mean ing. The nations at war have poured out their treasures of men and gold without limit. The usual standards Of life have been subordInated or dis regarded, and in some cases social, industrial and political activities have been virtually reorganized on a mil itaristic basis, to make an contribute to the supreme necessities of war
 It is impossible to obtain accurate statistics of the number of men en- gagged the casualties and the cost. For obvious reasons the size of the various armies is kept secret Most of the nations do not consider it ex- pedient to reveal the number of casu- alties; in fact Great Britain is the only one which has given out official totals As 10 the money expended there are available only partial sta tistics
 More than half the population of the world lives in the countries at war The population of the warning coun- tries is estimated roughly at g47,- OOG.0o0. and of the countries at peace at 797OOOOO0 The population of the Entente nations is perhaps five times as great aa that of their opponents. The number of men under arms has been estimated variously. usually in the neigbborhood of 2OOOO,OO0 Will liam Michaelis, writing recently in a Berlin magazine, put Che number of soldiers at war at 21.77O,O0O for the Allies, 12,S2OOOO for Germany, Austria Hungary and Turkey S,95OO0O
 No previous war has approached the present one in wholesale destruc- ton of life. This is due not only to the number of men involved, but to the terrible efficiency of modern weapons. Trench warfare on a great scale, with its deadly charges, mining operations and extensive use of artil- lory and hand grenades, has contri- butcd tO this end. Whereas in the past it has been calculated that the proportion of killed to total casualties runs | to 8 or ] to 10, the proportion in trench warafare, as indicated by of- fcial British statistics. is about to 8.
 The battes on the plains of Flan- ders, on the Warsaw front, in the Austro-German advance through Ga licia and in the Carpathians were at- tended by frightful slaughter. Rus sian losses in the Carpathians alone were estimated unonicially at 5OO,0OO. Along the batuehelds from Arras, in northwestern France. 10 the Belgian coast whole fields have been covered with corpses, and at the inc of he German attempt to reach the English Channel the Yser Canal was choked with the dead According to official British statistics. the British army alone has been losing of late. in kill
 Continued on Page Four)