davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08
New Land on the Arctic Man,

Stefansson had long believed that An exploring
party in that region (north of Prince Patrick Is
iand) could be sustained by animal food, and his
experience after parting from the main body of the
expedition fully confirmed his belief. The three
men and their dog teams lived on the country u
using blubber for fuel and light. Stefansson's
energetic and resourceful methods were rewarded
by the discovery, June 49, of land at II degrees
and 43 minutes north latitude and lis degrees and
a. minutes west longitude. He saw about 100
miles of coast line running south of east from the
landing place. but mountains were seen for at least
fifty miles farther east. And from point twenty
miles inland hills were in all directions from
north to east at distance estimated at over fifty
miles. With the exception of few experts on
Arctic conditions who knew Stefansson's peculiar
fitness for his task, almost everybody had long
ago given up the explorer as lost The receipt Of
this striking news Of his discovery forms dra-
matte and unlooked-for sequel to what had been
accepted as chapter of disasters 1t puts new
emphasis on the importance and possibilities of
further research within the arctic circle and adds
another to the long list of American triumphs in
the frozen north.-From The Progress Of the
World" in the American Review Of Reviews for
October
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

The war with France was brief and of
no significant consequence IN itself.
No formal declaration Of hostilities
was made There was only a season IL
sharp retaliation.
A separate Navy Department was
created (April 30. l7ss): existing treatiss
with France we're declared abrogated
(April Z. 1885,. American vessels of VIZ.
were expressly authorized to attack
French cruisers Uuly .. 1880: and ac-
tive reprisals were begun.
Tho little navy Of the country, but
Just now reinforced by a few new fris-
ates of frst-rate strength. acted UP Iu
tine permission TO fight with spirit and
success.
American cruisers and privateers alike
set about preying upon French COM
merce with the activity OF genuine salts
faction.
Measures were taken to raise an army.
and General Washington was asked TO
take command of it,
The publication of tho extraordinary
proposals of NM. X, Y. and to tho
American commissioners had efectually
sienced every partisan of France. aid
war with the country's one-ume friend
ana ally had become for the moment al
most popular.
But fortunately the exposure Of the
intrigue attempted by the agents Of NJ.
Talleyrand lad made a most unfavora ole
impression in France itself: Talleyra I'D
saw that he must undo what he pad
done; and lntimations were given early
in 1879 that France would receive a
minister from the United States and
discuss honorable terms of accommoda- a.
ton.
BY the time commissioners OF the
United States were ready to discuss
terms at Paris (March 90. 1900 the Direc-
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08
HISTORY BUILDERS.
The Origin of Great Railroad Sys-

(WItten expressly for Tie Washington Herald.)
BY DIR. E. J. EDWARDS.
In the early seventies Henry Farnum
gave to Yale University the beautiful
and large dormitory building which is
now identified by his name. 1t was one
of the first. IL not the first, of the dormi-
tory buildings whose erection completely
changed the architectural features OF
Yale.
Some years earlier Joseph f. Sheffield
endowed the so-called Sheffield Scientific
School. and so endowed it that II came
within jurisdiction of the corporation of
Yale College. 1t WAS one OF the first
of the technical schools of which so
, many in later years were established in
association with American colleges and
universities. FlankinG the Sheffield
Scientific School Building in a deep cut.
which was formerly the bed of canal.
is the roadbed of the New Haven and
Northampton Railroad. This railroad
represents the energy and foresight of
Mr.. Sheffield, for it WAS he who con-
ccived the plan and then put il into
execution of converting the canal which
stretched from New Haven Harbor
northwardly toward Northampton. Mass.
into the roa dbed for railroad.
In conversation with one of the au-
thoritics of Yale some years ago. he mar
rated to me an incident of the careers
Of MIR. Sheffield and of Mr.. Farnum
which. he said. explained the ability of
one OF them to build and give to Yale
the Farnum dO-mitory and the other to
establish and endow. under the authority
of Yale. one of the leading technical
i schools OF the country.
According to this narrative. Mr.. Shelf
field. in association with Henry Farnum.
then of Chicago. entered into contract
with those who were promoting the con-
struction of a railroad from Chicago
to the Mississippi. at Rock Island. ILL.,.
the terms Of which entailed upon Mr..
Sheffield and Mr.. Farnum the RESPONSE
bility of furnishing the capital and of
constructing the road. and. Furthermore.
imposed upon them the obligation to
complete 1t in three years time.
They did complete the railroad in
about two years, and expended some
s.. .000. 600 upon the work. A part of their
compensation for this service was tc be
the right exclusively to control the man.
agement of the road for a term of years
and also to receive all the earnings in
excess Of those necessary for the opera
tion Of the road. They managed the
road admirably. and their pecuniary re-
turns were very great. 1t was from the
gains honorably obtained in this manner
that they took the funds whose use is
now represented by the Farnum dormi-
tory and the Sheffield Scientific School
That was the beginning of the Rock
Island Railroad. afterward known as
the Chicago. Rock Island and Pacific.
Tomorrow-Dr. Edwards will tell Of
Two Perplexing Cablegrams.'
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08
U. S. CABLES GREAT BRITAIN.
Asks Release of Goods of Austro
German Origin.

The State Department cabled Am
bassador Page at London yesterday To
insist to Great Britain that importers
of the United States are entitled to
the release of goods OF Austro-Germar
origin which were contracted for be-
tween March |. and March Il.
Great Britain originally contended
under the Order in Council. that all
goods of emeny origin could be legally
held. but conceded later that she would
release all goods which importers could
show were contracted for up to March
|, when the blockade of neutral ports
went into effect.
The State Department. it appears. has
suddenly discovered that it received no
notice of the Order in Council until
March 10, and that therefore its re-
gula tions could only he enforced from
that date. Officials predict that Great
Britain will yield this point
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

Miss Margaret Wilson has discovered some
thing which the President and the two living
former Presidents agree. Discussing the benefits
OF more general use of the public schools of the
country she said: President Wilson, former Pres
dent Taft and former President Roosevelt as
one in backing the community center movemen,
as the essence Of common sense and one of the
great opportunities before the people of the coun-
try" The merit of the proposition must there
fore be quite unassailable.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08


7 tory was no longer in charge OF the at
fairs of France.
The Consulate had been set up. md
Napoleon Bonaparte was First Consul.
| master of men at least, with whom It
was possible to make definite agree.
ments. as II with real government.
Tie terms OF agreement however.
| were by no means easy to decide upon
The American commissioners we're IT,
structed to secure indemnif1cation fer
the losses France had wronkiully VI
flictcd on American commerce; they were
also instructed 10 secure the formal ab-
rogation of the treaty of IT'S which
had accorded to French privateers p:'v-
ileges in American ports which it was
no longer wise or convenient to acco.
them. and " hich had pledged the United
States to .:uch a defence of the French
possessions in the West Indies as they
,, no longer felt Justified in undertaking
But they could not get both indemn'r
cation and a release from the treaties
They were Obliged to fo-ego compenbS-
tion for the French spoliations IN ord u
to get peace and relieve themselves of
the burdensome obligations of the treaty
Of I77s, which, there having been 40
formal declaration of war. they couid
not insist upon having ESCAPED from.
A twelve-year convention, restoring
amicable relations between the two coun
tries, securing neutral ships against
search and seizure. embodyfEg a sensible
and enlightened code of definitions win
regard to the rights of belligerents aIi
neutrals. and adjusting minor questi3rs
OF dispute. was all that they could ge;.
BY February. 1s0l such terms as couIr
be had were agreed upon.
1t was Mr.. Jays experience repeated
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08
STREET IMPROVEMENT PLANNED
Widening Of WiscOnsin Avenue
Practically Assured.

The widening. grading and paving of
Wisconsin Avenue from Thirty-seventn
street to Newark street is one of the
big street improvement items which the
District Commissioners practically have
determined to include in this years
budget.
1t is estimated that the cost OF grad
ing and paving will be o'o.oo". haif OF
which will be assessed against abuttinG
nroperty. while the cost of condemnation
will run into higher figures and will be
borne entirely by property owners along
the line of the improvement.
The Commissioners plan to ask Con-
rress for authority to require the George
town and Tennallytown Railway Com
papy to relocate Its tracks in the center
Of the street after the grading shall
have been completed. the expense to
be borne by the traction company.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

While waiting to Postmaster General Burle-
son Thomas A. Edison made a study OF the gold
fish swimming in aquarium, and nobody spoke
TO him for fear OF interfering with the solution
OF some submarine problem. And again he may
only have been wondering whether goldfish would
make good bait for salmon bass fishing.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

Pro-Germans in New York are organizing a
country campaign to injure banks which par
ticpate in tho Anglo-Freneh loan. They admit
that a systematic effort will be made not only in
the large cities throughout the country. but in the
smaller places to impair the resources by with
drawal OF deposits. of every bank that puts any
money into the bonds. If not in New York per-
haps in some other State they will run up against
laws that may restrict their liberty and halt their
pursuit OF happiness.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

lust remember" said John d. Rockefeller jr,
addressing the miners at Sunrise, Wyo, 81 am
doing everything can for you but times are hard
now and the men who have put their money into
this enterprise arc making anything. But times
will improve with better demand for pro-
ducts there will be more work and all of will
prosper" Rather a pointed illustration by young
Mr. Rockefeller of the old lesson that what injuries
capital injuries labor.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

when 4 child is born who is the one to be
congratulated" asks eager correspondent OF
Annie Laurie OF advice to Girls fame, Opinions
differ sweet communioant, but there is con-
>cnsus OF opinion that the doctor is the only one
that has a lead-pipe cinch.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08
An Effective Blockade,

Speaking of blockades, true and false there
recent slides in the Panama Canal They have
closed the channel for month at least and neu-
itral and unneutral commerce suffers alike. Pos
sbly the greatest engineering feat in the history
of the world was not actually completed when
'the announcement was made.-New York World.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

Public school officials arc considering the prac-
ticability of using the Naval Hospital and other
government buildings to relieve the congestion in
the schoolhouscs. And the time is approaching
for renewal OF the discussion on Capitol Hill as
to wlat shall be done with the Districts money.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08
RISEN.

RISEN.
Hast fallen in the race?
Let this be thy beginning.
Rich prizes by Gods grace
Still lie here for thy winning.
Tall OAKS by Poets sung
In some far distant hour
From fallen acorns sprung
Are symbols true OF power.
CcpyrSht. lelj.l
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

Great Britain has filed claim for $4,000 dam
ages done to the property of its subjects in Vera
Cruz at the time OF American occupation Just
about enough to pay postage on Londons answers
10 our claims growing out Of interference with
: commerce.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08
NAVAL ORDERS.
MOVEMENTS OF VESSELS.

N,,aoxer arrived at Washington. October 6
r-n.s,.r arrived at Beirut October s: Des Moine,
arrived at Lanska October s; Dolphin arrived n
winthrop October 6.
Lieut. tjunior grade, H. w. koehler to South
Lieut.. Junior grade, J. ". Gates dstsohed Gun
Wid: z. R. Hennins detached Naval Academy
to Nebsaska-
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

\ man who handed out tips of $50 right and left
to the servants OF a New York hotel was taken to
an insane asylum for examination. Insanity if
thc pleas heard in the may be believed, more
often nianicsts itself in a desire to acquire other
pcople's money.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

Two pet cats belonging to Alexandria Bay
hotel keeper who died the other day were chloro-
formed and placed in the coffin with him in obedi
encc to instructions contained in letter to the
undertaken. The strange thing is that one is
excited over the incident not even the S. P. c. A.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08
ARMY ORDERS.

Leave of absence for two months. 10 take effect
80, hi relief from his present duties. is granted
Ei,., Lieut.. William W Edwards. Cavalry.
Can't Herbert y. Royden. United States army.
retired is relieved fropi duty at st. Matthews
Military School, Burngame. CaL
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08
n5zM<
Morning Smiles.

Dobson-What does Blifkin remind
you of? Hobson-Well. every time l
meet Blifkin he reminds me of a little
debt I've owed him for over a year
Wall Street Journal.
''Dubwaite is what l would call a
limited humanitarian" In what re-
spect?" The wrongs of humanity in
general work him up to frenzy. but
individual cases merely bore him
Birmingham Age-Herald.
They say there are nearly $4,000
married men in the British army"
Il suppose they picked out the mar
ried men for their superior fighting
qualities. es.'-Farmihg Business.
Why don't you subscribe to my pa
per. Uncle Hy?" asked Editor Josh
Lofts of the Smithville Express. 1t
would be useless eXtravagance, re-
piled Farmer Hyperbole Medders. MY
wife belongs to the Chautauquy Club.
the SEWN Circle, and the Missionary
Society."-Judge.
Some one noticed that Pat was ambi-
dextrous.
When | was a boy he explained.
me father always said to me: Pat.
learn to cut yer finger-nails wild yer
left hand. for some dag ye might lose
yer right hand''-Boston Transcript.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

The New York World and the New York Even
nG Post would have the country believe that diplo-
macy is an invention of Woodrow Wilson's for
stopping submarine warfare, whereas it was some
thing invented by the British naval experts that did
thc trick.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

Well. October is here, and. fight hard as
they can, the allies can hardly hope to make good
the kaserS prediction.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

Since according to the official reports, both the
Germans and the French are victorious day by day
in their struggle on the western 'front.' it must be
concluded that their only object is the killing OF
men.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

Some famous persons have been admitted to the
New York Univ crstys hall of fame, and some
have been admitted without having fame thrust
upon them in the process.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

The making OF munitions for the allies IS
becoming almost as hazardous for the men en-
gagged in it in this country service in the battle
fronts is for the soldiers of Europe.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

Naturally NC shall look for an optimistic mes
sage to Congress next December.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

Before painting his celebrated Snow
Storm" Turner had himself lashed for
four hours to the mast OF . steamer
IN 4 tanpoot, :, 3.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08
A Line o Cheer Each Day O the Year
By JOHN KENDRIcK BANGS.

first printing of original poem. written 0sits
for The Washington Herald
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08
i0UR COUNTRY 81.
%OUR PRESIDENT
[NMS1@T@m ZlaS
!! fN00DRON!KlLS0N
A TREATY WITH FRANCE.

Published BY special President through
lhe Mcclure Newspaper Syndicate.
by Harper & ohers)
Copyright
which
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08
OPHELIA'S SLATE.

Tomorrow-Dr. Edwards will tell Of
Two Perplexing Cablegrams.''
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

Mr.. and Mrs !. Fl. Clinton. of Pennsyl-
vania. are spending some time at the
Shoreham. Other arrivals are Mr. Will
lam Green Raoul. of Millen. Ga: Mrs.
G. Gordon Massey. of Middleburg. Va.
and Mr.. W. II. Miles of Richmond Va.
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

Lieut.. Col. Murrough O'Brien. military
attache of the British Embassy. and Mrs.
o. Brien will close their season at New
port next Tuesday and go to New York
The Washington herald., 1915-10-08

Mrs. Anton Heger is the guest of her
brother-in-law and sister. Gen. and Mrs.
Dan c. Kingman.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1915-10-21
EFFECTS OF
UNDERPAID LABOR.

providence, r. t. Oct AT a mass
meeting Of strikers employed by the
Brown e. Sharpe company, Rev. =.
|H. Decker, Of Church House, deciar,
led that the company does not pay a
living wage to many Of its employees
and that the business should be so
|organized as to make it possible to 40
1T Is from the spiritual and moral
point OF view that consider the eff
fects of underpaid labor" said the
clergyman. q tell you. most Of the
wives Of laboring men have a he'll on
earth In their attempts to make ends
meet. when they have to cover yard
Of out-go with half-yard Of income.
1 hope none win say that such wives
are extrayagant because they spend
dime once ina while at q picture
show. or because. on occasion, they
are extraxagant in purchasing a bet
tar article OF furniture or clothing
than they can AFFORD. Such talk
makes my soul sick, especially when
il comes from those who spend more
on q dinner than they pay for q weeks
work"
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1915-10-21
is ROEBLING A
COMPANY TOWN?

Trenton, N. j., Oct. Labor and
living conditions in Roebling, near
here, has been investigated by a spe-
cial committee appointed by the Cen
tral Labor union, which reports that
that place is a company town in all
the term implies.
.tSerdom resurrected and system
affixed to fit modern capitalistic con-
ditions, is the verdict on this town,
owned and controlled by the Roebling
company and populated by men, wom-
en- and children employed in the wire
and steel mills. About 5000 people
are in Roebling, which consists, says
the report, Of Hungarians, Rouman-
ians, Swedes, and about 70 Americans.
The company owns all the houses.
and rents, which are based on city
standards, are taken from the work
Iers, envelopes. IL is stated that "ac-
lcording to reliable figures they prove
that after the town Of ROeblng has
lexisted Is years, there will be enough
rents collected from the workmen OF
lRoebhng to pay for the cost OF the
whole town, including the mill build
ldngs."
Twenty cents an hour is the high
est price; paid day workers, and the
Lowest is II cents. The workers en-
Iployed in what is known as the clean
ing house." are the lowest paid, and
their work Is dirty, dangerous and un'
healthy, on account Of powerful aeids
fused. The men who work IN this De
Ipartment. in order to get a decent liv'
ling wage and support their families
las become men. work as many as "a
Ifhours per week.
i The men say that the areatment &C
lcorded them by the foremen, o.
(which there are too many, is unbear
liable. Workers are compelled to pat
lroni2e the company stores, ana az
bills after one week. are deducted
from the pay envelope. There are fine
stores on the edge Of the town, but
poorly patronized by the workers. De
cause Of fear"
There are no amusements OF any
Kind, the workers just lie around a
Ibit. go to bed when they are not work
| ing and wait for the next day to roll
around! ;.
The committee recommends that ii
lbe enlarged and the investigation be
Icontinued for the purpose OF rem
Iedying the existing deplorable condi,
Itions of the workmen Of Roebling and
vicinity" > EI'
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1915-10-21
JUDGE SUPPORTS
UNIONISTS

New York, Oct. Opposition to
1.-THE New York state constitution,
(which will be voted on next month,
isl recorted by FORMER Chief Judge Ed
gar M. Cullen of the court Of errors
and appeals, the highest court in this
state. Judge Cullen supports the
trade union movement in its opposi-
ton to some sections Of the new con-
lstitution and shows that in the present
constitution the safety Of the civilian
population is protected, as is in the
constitution of the United States, by a
provision in the bill Of rights that mo
military tribunal shall exercise turis-
Idiction over civilian unless engaged
in military or naval service while the
regularly constituted state courts are
open to administer Justice"
This clause Is eliminated from the
new constitution. which, however care
fully continues al 1.-The old powers and
provisions for the declaration Ofsmar-
.tiai law in case Of riots or disorders
which the civil authorities are deem
/ ed powerless to curb.
Judge Cullen shows that under the
proposed constitution It would not be
Esuficeitn excuse for an accused man
to show that he had been absent from
1.-THE scene of rioting If the military
powers merely proved that he had
"aided and abetted those guilty Of VIC
|lence."
Under these rules Of law" says
Judge Cullen, sin case of a riot in Buff
falo, a man may be taken from Brook
|lyn or New York before military
commission on the charge that he has
aided the rioters and shot Il the COM
mission sees fit to order It So ff=
The claim that the new constitution
will provide greater efficiency in the
conduct of state affairs Unanswered by
Judge Cullen with the claim that SEM
cheney may be brought at too great .
price. and such is the case when It Is
purchased at the expense Of civil lib
erty..
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1915-10-21
UNIoNISTS TO
CONTEST RULING.

Cincinnati, Oct. Officers Of the
state federation Of labor have perfect
led plans to contest the ruling OF State
Insurance Commissioner Taggart which
permits private insurance companies
TO write workmen's compensation In
competition with the state. The I'M
i1nists have retained Judge George B.
Okey. who represented them in the
first suit on the constitutionality Of
the Workmenss compensation law, and
exState Attorney General Hogan.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1915-10-21
WANTS ARMOR
FOR WORKERS

Media, Pa, Oct. Judge Bromall
believes that foundry companies
should provide their employees with
suits OF armor when there is danger
from flying pieces of iron. The court
expressed this opinion in a damage
suit brought by Phillip Mccarthy
against the Federal Steel Foundry
company. Plaintiff was employed in
breaking scrap iron at the foundry
and vas injured by a. flying piece OF
metal.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1915-10-21
LOWELL STRIKE ENDS.

Lowell, Mass, Oct. The. strike
|at the United States Cartridge COM
|pany, which began September 10, was
ended by a vote of the interested
workers. Under the agreement all
questions of wages. and overtime will
Ibe referred to the state board Of ar
FILTRATION. Changes in pay resulting
from the boards recommendation will
Ibe effective from September 2S.
Wheeling majority. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1907-192?, 1915-10-21
WHY ACCIDENTS
HAPPEN

Columbus. Ohio. Oct. The state
department of inspection of work
shops. factories and public buildings
reports that OF 216 industrial accidents
in six months OF last year that were
chargeable to betting and pulleys. In
one out of every seven establishments
the machinery was so poorly guarded
that it fas necessary to issue an Or
der to provide guards.