davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-07
By HAYDEN CHURCH

relationships of the British peerage, will tell you that she presumably has done stunts in connection with the re- cent situation in Ulster which so nearly plunged this country into civil war while even on the brink of sanguinary world conflict. For Lady Londonderry, who is probably in her early thirties, and who is famous as one of the hand somest women and most brilliant en tertainers in London Society, is the daughter n-law of the rich and re- nowned late Marquis of Londonderry who, in turn. was, of course, the Ulster movement. As such, no one was in the least surprised to hear that the mar chioness had taken no small part in the now famous gun-running" exploits in Ulster, and that that part, which re- putedly consisted of carrying dis patches, and after that rifles, in her own motor car, with herself at the pilot wheel, as well as of flag signal ing, had been carried out efficiently and even brilliantly-remember both the ancestry and the past exploits of the marchioness.
 For her ladyship, besides being the Marchioness of Londonderry, Is a daugh- ter of that famous old Parliamentary war horse and hard-riding veteran of the hunting field, the Right Hon. Henry Chap lin. who among many other things, was one of the closest friends and most loyal adherents of the late Joseph Chamber lain. Incidentally, at 72 he is one of the most picturesque personalities ir Great Britain. Everybody Is familiar, oi course, with the story of how he wor the derby, in a snowstorm. with the ia. nous horse Hermit" and incidentally ruined the man who had run away with and married his former fiancee, Lady Florence Paget, the pocket venus,' and famous beauty, and up to the begin. ming of the war he hunted regularly witi tho renowned Pytcheley back and in the season of 1913-1914 had two bad accidents either of which might have finished many a younger man, but which failed to ever feaze s'the Squire" as he is always called
 His two daughters, Edith (now Lady Londonderry, and Florence, who is now 2 famous yachtswoman with a whole col lection of cups and other trophies, were encouraged from their earliest girlhoot to excel in outdoor pursuits and pastimes and Lady Londonderry is a strong anc graceful swimmer and expert golfer a. well as one of the best horsewomen fl England. She was one of the first fl society by the way, to try riding astrid' and now never rides any other way. Incl dentally. if the exigencies of war should put rife into her hands. she will giv' a good account of herself, for she hal been "out with the guns many a tim' and oft, and is as good shot as mos men.
 Her mother died when she, was littl' more than baby, whereupon she ant .her sister were taken under the wing O her aunt the fair and brilliant Millicen Duchess of Sutherland. who Is now run
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-07

nowsky sat next the King; Lady London derry wore her famous diamonds, the table was set with the family's priceless Sevres china and Waterford glass, and Herr Gottlieb's viennese orchestra, al- ways associated with royal functions, played selections from the "Rosenkava- Her." When did this happen? Was it really few months back or was it some centuries? It might be page out of the novels of Disraeli who, by the bye, stood on the balcony that used to run around Londo nderry house to watch the corona ton procession of the young Queen Vic- toria.
 Lady Londonderry, however, bade me seek the Hon. Mrs. Haverfield, the actual creator of the new feminine army whose ancentral home is Inverlochy castle, in Scotland, where her famous American mother still lives, but who now has a fine place of her own in Marsh court, near Sherborne, in Dorset. The widow ot an officer in the Royal artillery, Mrs. Haverfield has been well known for some years, chiefly as a zealous humanitarian. During the Boer war her husband was commGndant of large district in South Africa, district in which, apparently, the army horses suffered severely, and at Captain Haverfield's request his energetic wife, who knows all that there is to know about the equine tribe, organized a re- mount camp, ordered shot such animals as were in hopeless state and doe tored' the rest. Most of the time she had about 800 horses under her charge, and this work, needless to say brought her close to the actual fighting more than once. She was familiar in the streets Of London before the war as the clever driv- CT of a brisk "votes for women' dog cart' and was always prepared to face hos tile street crowd and to tussie. singie- handed, as she did on one memorable oc- casion. with hooligans who tried to upset her vehicle and appropriate her whip
 She is 8 slender obviously uncommonly intelligent and practical but by no means masculine woman. who probably IS in the early forties and who, when we talked at the headquarters of the Volunteer He- serve at Bedford college. was dressed, not in uniform, but in a business-like blue serge Two huge dogs, a St. Bernard and a collie, the latter of whom subsequently, appropriated, first one Of my gloves and then my hat, lay on either side of her.
 First we talked of her American am cestry' in which she takes more pride appai ently, than in the fact that she is a baron's daughter and an Honorable, and then asked If she really thought that her feminine warriors would be called upon to do any actual fighting.
 'sI only hope we shall! said Mrs. Hay. erfield "but 1t will all depend on whether the occasion arises-whether, in fact. the Germans ever land here We have the ex ample of Belgium before us. and it seems to me that every section of the public even the women. should be organized Another point is that it is so good for tht women themselves
 Think of all the thousands of womer there are in this country who have beer brought up among horses and in ths
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-07

great scientist of France. All of the machines in the factory are moved by steam, and the steam is made with coal brought here from England. The floors of cement and walls of white porcelain are also of imported materials and they are as carefully set as those of a mil lionaire's bathroom.
 I have spent this whole morning in going through the establishment and over the farm. My conductor was the manager, an Italian expert in the busi- ness He could not speak English, and my Italian and Spanish are lame. as is also my French. However, with all three we managed to understand each other. The man, too, took me through room after room filled with shining machinery. Everything was immacu- lately clean and I can assure you that you need have no fear of disease from Argentine butter made in this way.
 Later on we took a look at the cows, driving through field after field on which hundreds were grazing. The farm is divided into camps and sta tions. and each station has house for us manager, near Wn1cn Is us IlIhlnS corral. The cows feed out of doots all the year round, but they are driven in every morning. They are milked once a day only, and this is in the corral, which is surrounded by woven wire fence and covers perhaps half an acre. About 100 cows are milked at each station. Before beginning a strap is tied around the hind legs and .ail of each animal. This is 10 keep it still and so that no dirt may get into the milk The milking is done in the cans that are brought from the factory, and as soon as it is finished the cans are carted off to the dairy
 There are a number of these stations scattered at wide distances apart over this farm, and it takes something like 500 horses to carry the milk. 1t re- quires some also for the gauchos. who drive in the cattle and who manage
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-07

ming hospital somewhere in France '' The duchess late husband was, of course, the greatest of English landlords and his two pretty nieces, the Chaplin girls, had the run of his three wonderful seats, Stafford House in London, Trent ham hall in Staffordshire and Dunrbbin castle in Scotland. Later on the march, ioness and her sister, together with two other now renowned society women, Lady Constance Stewart Richardson, of terpsi- chorean fame, and Lady Cromartie be- came known as "the quartet" and they all but one made brilliant marriages, the elder Miss Chaplins capture" of the Marquis of Londonderry's heir being reck- 1899.
 More than once Lady Londonderry has proved unmistakably that she has plenty of pluck. On the day after the announce r,ent of her engagement to the then Wis., count Castlereagh, she and he were hunt ing together then the viscount, who had just come of age, was thrown over some wire netting on his head and nearly killed. AS it was he was unconscious nearly an hour, and, instead of faintiny his fancee, who had dismounted instant isp btttt HSQ OeSiuo iiliil uIllll Delp came, applying what principies or first aid as she knew. and probably saving his life, so the doctors said afterward. A year after her marriage, through attending d charity bazaar at the Albert hall,z she caught a chill which turned to pneu- Eionia and for days her life hung in the balance, but she made plucky strug- gle and finally got well-at Dunrobin castle.
 Although the scheme of the Women [ Volunteer reserve did not originate with Lady Londonderry she took it up enthusi- asticaIly as soon as it was mooted to her by her Hon. Mrs. Haverfield and has spent no end of time both in getting il organized and using her powerful influ- ence to have the reserve officially recog- nized. Every week she attends the com mittee meetings at Bedford college for women in Baker street. only about a block f. om where Conan Doyle located the abode of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Wat son, and she is to preside, understand at d big matinee. the object of which is to raise funds for the reserve which will be held a few weeks hence at the Shaftes- bury theatre, where "The Belle of New York; played for close on 700 nights
 Does the irony Of her present occupa. tion appeal to her. one wonders? Thai was one question, among several others that wished to ask when waylaid Lady Londonderry, who IS tall and fair, witt the rich complexion of the out-of-d door. English woman, after committee meet ing of the Women's Reserve this week For it was but the other day. or. speak ing by the card, only a few months ago that Lady Londonderry helped to do thu honors of Londonderry house, her lat father-in-law's splendid mansion, at 2 royal dinner at which the former Ambas sador of Wilhelm II was one of the chic guests. The Queen had Prince Lich nowsky on her left and Princess Lich
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-07

the great carts which bring the cans of milk to the factory. The cans are like ours except that they are, per- haps twice as large. They are made of heavy tin bound with iron and each of them will hold eight or ten gallons. Those I saw were clean and I watch ed them being sterilized by the running of superheated steam through them after each using.
 do not know enough about dairying to give a technical description of the way the milk is handled. I watched it taken out of the carts and poured into the centrifugals in which it is cleaned. There are number of them at different temperatures, and then passes on through a pasteuizatioh plant until it finally comes forth abso 1utely pure. In one place l saw great separators out of which the skinimed milk was pouring in a great stream through one pipe, and the rich yellow cream flowing out, through another 1 watched the churns, each of which hour, and then looked at the machines where the butter is rolled over and over and pressed this way and that until all the milk is worked out of it and it becomes solid fat in this process no salt is used and all butter here is sold without salt.
 Later on I watched them putting up the milk for the city. This is served out in bottles and each bottle is GOV cred some what like ours. In another de- partment they were putting up milk for the steamers, of which several start out from Buenos Aires every day. This was in pint bottles corked with tin, in the same way as beer bottles, the milk being so treated that 1t will keep many days. In third room they were making an Argentine sweet or conserve of milk and sugar which is eaten with a spoon. It is sold in cans. the smallest of which holds only a half dozen spoonfuls, and the larger ones about half a pint. The duice brings from to 30 cents a can according to size The Argentines like it so much that they often send cans of it to Eu- rope as a special treat for their friends 1t is so popular here that it might be exported to the United States. The suff is made of only pure milk and sugar, which are put into great copper kettles and cooked by steam for F hours The conserve is stirred by ma chinery that keeps moving all the time while the cooking goes on.
 Leaving the dairy, I visited some oi the places where the employs live There are more than 100 men working or the estate and they have brick house: which were especially built for them There is store that supplies them witt groceries and clothes and butcher shoI in which two bullocks a day are killed to give them their meat. I saw half beef hanging on the rack when I entered this shop and the butcher was cutting up the supply for the day.
 The most of the men are Argentines who, as I am told, are skillful in the han ding of cattle. All of such work Is done upon horseback, and almost every mai
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-07

hunting field. They are not the kind to be satisfied to knit and nurse wounded soldersi They ought to be used in the rcmount camps. for carrying dispatches. for all sorts of practical things that wom- en can do as well as men, and would be if this were not such conservative old country.
 .'Apropos shall tesl you a little story of one of our members? She is Mrs. Knocker, one of the English nurses who received the Order of Leopold from the King of Belgium, the other day, for her work with Dr. Munros ambulance corps. and her home is at Salisbury. Incidental ly, she is an expert motorcyclist, and few weeks ago she cycled down to Lon don to offer her services as a dispatch carrier to the war office, which prompt ly refused them. But the joke of 1t is this-that on the way down from Salis- bury she stopped and 'mended up three male dispatch riders who had broken down. and had not the least idea of how to reI air their machines, and on the way back, in the Edgware road, she came to the rescue of a fourth, whose ter minar was disconnected with his spark ing plug and put him right in no time,
 ''How did we begin the Volunteer Re- serves? Well, we began with a big meet ing at the Mansion house, with the lord mayor himself in the chair It was an enthusiastic meeting, at which sufficient funds were subscribed to enable us to make a beginning, and since then we have secured as patrons such influential men and women as Lady French, Lord and Lady Charles Beresford, Lady Wolse ley, the daughter of our great field mar shal, Lady Jellicoe and Lady Beatty, the wives of our two naval heroes. the last of whom is, of course, an American Lady Cunard. another countrywoman of yours; Lord Desborough, Lord and Lady Robert Cecil. the Earl of Meath and ever so many others.
 Meanwhile we are growing more rapid ly than is at all convenient" Alrs. Haver- field went on. we have five companies of 500 each drilling regularly in London. and branches at Birmingham, Worcester. Derby, Brighton, Gateshead Liverpool and ever so smany other places Letters of inquiry come in at the rate of hun dred or so a morning. and when, the other night, l held a recruiting meeting at Birmingham, out of an audience of 300 women 600 joined immediately In Lon don itself, of course, most of our recruits are business girls and women, but in the country are corps composed largely of girls from the big country houses round about, girls who, in many cases, have titles, and most of whom come in their own motor cars.
 We encourage all our members to at tend rifie-range," Mrs. Haverfield went on ''and from what have seen of women on the defensive in other circumstances. l think, were we armed. we might give German force decidedly warm time"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-07

,copyright. 1915. by Frank G. carpen-

Fl
 N7 Vicente .Casares, Argentina.
 MI IHAvE come to Vicente Casares k to give you some pictures of l3eGSSl La Martona, the biggest but
 ter farm of the world. 1t lies here in the heart of the Argentine re- public. within an hours ride of Buenos Aires, and a3 days by steamer south of New York. The farm has more than z0,000 acres, and the most of this is covered with grass as high as your knees. The farm has 1S,000 cows, all of which are in milching condition. It supplies the most of the butter and milk for the Argentine capital, and it ships thousands of pounds of butter and tens of thousands of gallons of milk every day. It sends its products to all of the other provinces and countries about, and it will probably soon be ex- porting butter to the United States.
 Indeed, the Argentine Republic prom ises to cater more and more to the North American stomach. It has begun to furnish us part of our chops, steaks and roasts, and in time it will be sup plying much of our bread and the but ter thereon. Later I may write of the bread possibilities. In this letter I shall treat of the butter alone The dairy industry of the Argentine is just at its beginning. Nevertheless, its annual butter product is already something like 16,000000 pounds, and the slip ments to the United States have al- p aid of this very morning I see that 2000 boxes of 60 pounds each were received in New York yesterday. and that an- other butter cargo of 5000 boxes is now on its way. All of this has been sold in advance, and it will be used in New York, Chicago and Boston. The paper states that the buyers are most ly hotels, and that the import has al ready caused a decline in our prices. The butter, when landed, cost frac- tion over 29 cents pound, and it was Seld at 45 cent<. At this rate it can be shipped from here al a profit.
 But to return to the great butter SSrm of Vicente Casares. The station hero was named after the man who es- fablished it. It is now run by his sons, one of whom is the assistant secretary of agriculture of the Argentine Repub lie. The other owners belong to fam fly which is one of the rich ones of this part of the world, and they have their country homet on the estate The dairy farm proper is a business insti- tuition, pure and simple It is not run for show nor for pleasure. It is man. aged like a great American factory with experts in charge of the plant and the work goes on with the best of machinery imported from all parts of the world. The blowing is done with steam blows made in our coNltry, the sterilizing machinery comes from Flu rope and the patterns of the churns are from far-off Australia. The butter fat is tested by an American invention, and the milk is pasteurized upon the basis of conclusions reached by the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1915-03-07
- l l., jlsl|

HiG,, of England by Germany is at
 last a fact. From the shore
 spromenade of Yorkshire port can be seen long line of dark gray trans ports laden to the rails with green grey troops eager for the descent upon Great Britain. Already boats from the accom- panying warships are pulling towards the shore and thousands of the inhabitants are fleeing by foot and trap and train inland.
 In one of the side streets of this York shire town a trim figure of a woman in khaki drill calmly mounts motorcycle and starts westward at a tremendous pace. Along English roads she speeds through towns and villages and past country homes. pausing now and then to deliver a mysterious message to similarly clad women. In little groups these women gather and, shouldering kit and rifles. march brisISly to a common meet ing point
 For this woman on a motorcycle is a modern Paul Revere and these khaki clad women who respond to her call are she minute women of England. In their thousands they are prepared to meet the German invaders. Trained by the daugh- ter of an American woman, in whose e veins run the fighting blood of a member of the staff of our own George Wash ington and led by the flashing wife of the greatest of the peers of Ireland, the Marquit Of Londonderry, they face bravely the horrors of battle.
 All this has not happened of course. There has been no invasion of England {; no Paul Revere of the gentler sex has n he a n 2 of women in khaki have, up to the pres ent, been compelled to rest content with mock warfare. But all these things might very easily become true in the near future. For this small army of women which, only few weeks after its inception. must be close on 10.000 strong (boasting over S0o0 members in London alone), is going to be anything but unorganized and inexperienced, the business of training it being in the hands of experienced military men who are putting its fair rank and file through their paces almost as strenuously as Kitchener's own recruits are being trained. The official name of the corps 1s the Women's vounteeer reserve. and its colonel-in-cifsef Is the new Lady Lon donderry, an exalted dame who already has demonstrated her capacity as com batant under conditions closely akir to real war. The creator and real genius of the movement, however, is another fair member of the nobility who is half Amer fcan, and who certainly should possess martial qualities if a remarkable military ancestry on both sides of the house counts for anything.
 She is the Hon. Mrs. Evelina Haver- field. and she is the youngest of the three daughters of Lady Abingder, the widow of the third baron of that name, who, previous to her marriage, was Miss Helen Magruder. the daughter of the