davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-26
AIRCRAFT BOMBS
AVOID GENERALS

London, July 25. It has been a 70 ~
ter Of comment that, although %
within the striking radius Of sire n.,.
the general headquarters OF the o
man and French armies along lhs ~ 70
ern front have never been sBo!ee'0
an aerial attack. LIN
A Belgian, who recently eseapI.,
England from his home near ehai, ss,r.
where the German general hesass,i
tiers are located. one day exp ne.
surprise that these headquaT'er'' .ss
quently visited by the kai'1 "a
where more than thousand Ssn, i
officers are housed in new bullo.Hk,s .
conspicuous group, had never serroSVs si
bombed A German officer Sn' rSss.
his shoulders. and answered 'n'
ton with another: c.,,rsl
Have you ever heard Of GI h.i'
Joffre's headquarters being oom .s,iys.
The Belgian replied in the hs.ass
and the officer ended the eoH's
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-26

"Tages Zeitung." declares that the con-
tents and wording of the note far ex-
coed even the most unfavorable an
ticipation. The count writes:
"The note uses language which will
find no response with the overwhelm-
ing majority of the German nation,
since it means in the last analysis an
appeal TO fear, a threatening, dom
ineering demand. The note will make
a conceivably bad impression among
the people, since it lacks utterly the
friendly frankness Of the German note
and breathes almost hateful disregard
of the German governments stand
point"
"Neutrals have rights" says the
"Tages Zeitung," "but so also has a
great nation fighting for its life
Though maintaining submarine war
fare, Germany always is willing to re-
spect the justifable wishes of Amer
leans, but not at any price"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-26
France Names New
Minister to Greece

Paris, July 25...By decree dated
July p, Gabriel P. Deville, French
Minister to Greece, is placed on the
retired list, at his own request. Jean
Guillemin, Minister Plenipotentiary
and Delegate Of France on the Euro
pean Commission of the Danube, is
appointed Minister at Athens.
Albert Legrand is appointed French
Delegate on the Danube Commission,
succeeding NJ. Guillemin.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-26
TURKS AND BULGAE
IN RAILROAD TREATY
Ottoman Portion of DedcaghiI"
Line to Egean Coded 10
Balkan Power.

London, July % A dispatch % rs
Times" from sofia. dated last Hos'
says that a convention cedlng 70 D. N.
garia the Turkish portion Of the =.
desgatch railway was signed IN N''
stantinople on THURSDAY ,r
The Dedeaghatch railway runs ~.
Constantinople 10 a point on the IS
an coast about fifteen miles, we" "
Enos, near the Gulf Of Saros.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-26
800, 900 RUSSIANS HELD
BY TEUT0NIC ALLIES

Berlin, July IS (By Wireless 10
Sayyille, Long Island) The total
number of Russian prisoners of
war in the hands of Germany and
Austria Hungary since the begin
ming of the war, Including the fig.
ures reported by the General Stats
yesterday, surpasses 100000 off.
GERS and men.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-26
NO WAR SAYS KITCHEN
Representative Also Thinks
Bryan Will Be Silent.

New Haven. July 25.- Representa-
tive Claude Kitchen. Of the Second
Congressional District, North Carolina.
who is in this city, takes a hopeful
view Of the European situation. The
United States will not be drawn into
the war. he says. lie believes that
President Wilson will be reelected and
looks flor silence from William Jen-
ninRs Bryan.
Hasn't Bryan talked enough 90
asked Mr.. Kitchen.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-26
ITALIANS HOLD
$4,000 CAPTIVES;
AUSTRIANS 900

London. July 26.-Thc Rome cor
respondent of THE Daily Chron-
iCle" says;
"ln the two months which have
elapsed sine the outbreak of hos
tilities against Austria the Italian
forces lave taken more than $4,000
prisoners. On the other hand, II is
computed that not more than 1000
Italians have been captured by the
Austrians on the Carso Plateau"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-26
BERLIN PAPERS
BITTER ON NOTE
Continued from page l

German government will stamp as a
Misunderstanding the statement that it
has acknowledged as a principle Of law
that the character mad cargo Of mer-
chant ship must be established before
the ship can be destroyed and that the
lives Of non-combatants may in no case
be endangered unless the vessel at
tempts to flee or resist.
The newspaper asks whether II is
just that Germany should surrender
her fighting power in order that a few
neutrals may follow their mood to cross
the ocean on enemy ships.
1--WE resist the thought" says the
"Kreuz Zeitung," that the United
States, in its position on the sub
marine matter aims at the indirect
support of England. But we must
confess that the contents Of the note
are with difficulty understandable to
us from any other viewpoint
The "Boersen Zeitung" says it re-
grets that it is compelled to say the
note is a very unsatisfactory one and
that zone cannot escape feeling that
the shadow of England stands behind
it," The truly friendly feelings Of
Germany for the United States are put
to a hard test by the note, especially
by the last paragraph, the newspaper
says.
america stands on the letter Of the
law" the "Tagliche Rundschau" says,
"but she will not apply it to England,
which is violating its spirit. Germany
gave Americans good advice when she
warned them against coming into the
danger zone. Americas rejection Of
the proposals concerning passenger
ships breathes any spirit except that
CT thankfulness While there may be
further negotiations, the Germans
have decided on their course"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-26
Sees Pro-British Influence.

1.-THE note shows clearly" the "Tage-
blatt' says, that the American gov
eminent cares more for the crippling
Of our submarine war than for the
safeguarding of American lives The
United States must realize that TO
change our submarine warfare is out
of the question. The note proves that
pro- British influence has gained an
upper hand in President Wilson's cir
Gle. We hope the common sense Of
the American people will prevent cit
liens from serving as protection for
English munition ships"
Captain Persius. naval expert Of the
"Tageblatt," says:
THE American note expresses de-
cded will to rob US in our battle
against England Of the weapon on
which we place the biggest hopes. y
the rejection Of the German proposals
regarding special ships the United
States shows that il is not striving for
the safety Of its citizens, but rather
for the tanning of our submarine cam
paign.
at distinguishes between the rules
Of international law on land and on
sea because il now suits the chief
helper Of Great Britain 10 do so. The
note shows that the pro-British aglta-
tors have now secured domination over
the President"
Count Ernest Won Reyentlow, in the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-26
General Conrad Appeals
to His Government for
ReinfOrCementS.
KEY TO TRIESTE
UNDER ITALIAN FIRE
Invaders Take Many Prisoners.
Including 80 Bavarians-Carso
Plateau Fight Continues.
fRr cnhle 10 Tie rrlnune ]

Milan. July 25.--Gorizia has been
evacuated by the Austrian General
staff. In view Of the imminent i'm
portance Of the fall General Conrad
has appealed TO Vienna for indis-
pensable reinforcements.
According TO a dispatch from Milan
published yesterday II was stated that
many persons arriving at Milan re-
ported the occupation Of Gorilla by the
Italian troops. Gorilla is regarded as
the key to Trieste.
Geneva (via Paris, July 25. Dis
paches from Chiasso and Laibach say
that the fall Of Gorilla is imminent, as
the city has received the heaviest bonn
bardment thus far in the Austro-
Italian war. The Italians, the dis
patches say, have taken many prison
ers, including eighty Bavarians.
The battle continues on the Carso
plateau, where both sides are declared
TO be losing heavily. The Italians
bombarded PLAYA on Friday and Satur-
day and destroyed the strongest fort
there, No. 8. and also one 12-inch gun.
1t is unofiicially reported that the
Austrians made a counter-attack on
Monte Nero and succeeded in recaptur-
ing some trenches. The Italians at
TernOva are reported to have forced
back the Austrians two miles.
1t is asserted that the Italians are
virtually masters of the northern shore
of Lake Garda, where many torpedo
boats are aiding in the attack on Riva.
The Swiss DR.. Rustca, of Locarno,
who was attached TO the Russian mill
tary hospital at Jaegerdorf. near Cra-
COW, reports that he operated on more
than 5000 serious cases between No
vember and June.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-07-26

sermon at Grace Church, censured the
rags and pomp" of the service.
The Rev. Or. A. b. Moldenke, preach
ing in st. Peters Lutheran Churcn'
censured the Presidents note. lie
said that the language was unneces-
sarily harsh.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1915-01-30
War Offers New Roads to Wealth
-:I:- -:I:- -:Il:- -:i:- SIX
British Factories Try New Lines

postcards, while q struggling novelty
dealer has put his business or its feet
by the sale OF a hundred thousand or
more sewing kits for soldiers.
Lesser successes have been achieved
by the men who have marketed such
minor articles for soldiers use as a
boot tag, a pipe lighter, and a patri-
otto brooch. An American traveller at
the beginning of the war CHANGED to
learn that the supply of chean buttons
in England was precariously low, most
Of the English supply having been i'm
ported from Austria; he took immense
orders in behalf of an American firm
at prices presumably wen above the
ordinary.
The war has brought a moderate de-
gree of prosperity to makers and deal
ers i'm foods, clothing, medical supplies.
war munitions, and an immense number
Of small articles required by land or
sea forces Ship builders and ship
owners have scored heavily, n the
British farmer is getting unprecedented
prices for his products. Even the den
lists have had their share Of war bust
ness, for il is necessary that the man
who is going to the front to serve the
king in water filled trenches should
ave his teeth i'm sound shape if he
is TO enjoy the excursion.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1915-01-30

carried on no ship in the world three
years ago. Now the Texas and the
New York both carry these mammoth
rifles, and il is currently reported that
Great Britain's new Queen Elizabeth
class. now building, will have guns Of
Is inches.
When one considers that the fleets
OF Great Britain Germany. France,
Austria Russia and Japan are now en-
gagged in actual war work every day
in the year it is easy TO see that tile
United States must do a lot OF prac-
ticing even to approximately reach the
degree of efficiency to which the fight
ing navies Of the world are arriving.
The Guantanamo m~aneuvers viii be
the most extensive target and fleet
practice the American navy has ever
gone through.
Four Great Divisions.
The armOred fleet (the biggest ships)
viii be in four divisions Of p vessels.
Ten will be of the sOcaHed Dread
nought' class and II of the pre-
d-readnought type. Besides these, two
of the four armored cruisers of the
feet and all Of the torpedo notillas.
except those in reserve. Will be present.
Never before did the fleet contain
practically two complete divisions of
division consists of d-readnOughts Of
the most powerful type and the second
division is made up of these powerful
ships, except one pre-dreadnOught
battleship.
In addition to the battleships. five
of the seven divisions Of torpedo boat
destrOyers will nave a part in u
exercises. This means q more craft.
There will be ten auXiliaries and the
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1915-01-30
Maneuvers Directed by Ad-
miral Fletcher Are Most
Notable in Nations
History.

w The largest ana most ' powerful s4-u
feet ever assembled under the
Stars and Stripes is now gathered of
Guantanamo, on the north coast of
Cuba. for a month of the hardest kind
Of drilling. It will be a great spectacle
for the few civilians VINO will see #.
but for the more thar one thousand
Officers and 25, 600 enlisted men, 1t
means work., u~nCeasing labor, to fit the
American navy for battle.
The eyes of the whole United States
are directed to rear admiral Frank
Friday Fletcher and his ships today.
A great wave of criticism has sweDt
over the country. The European war
has created interest in the army and
navy; and every patriot feels that if
not the greatest We should have the
best navy in the world.
To Demonstrate Efficiency.
is the navy up to scratch2
This is the question the maneuvers
may solve and at the same time do q
great deal toward making it possible
TO answer in the affirmative. The
navy needs maneuvers, just as an army
needs drills. A fleet will be awkward
in forming in battle lint in time Of
war If the superior officers have not
performed all the eTOlutions often in
time of peace.
First Time in Three Years.
Partly due to the use of the big
ships of the coast of Mexico, the
m~aneuvers have been neglected. This
is the first time in three years that
the entire fleet will be assembled for
battle practice. Three years means a
long while when one considers how
fast the art Of naval warfare is de-
~velOping. just to mention one Item:
Naval guns of IA inch caliber were
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1915-01-30
CITY SAVED
IN STRUGGLE
i UNDERGROUND
Two Privates in a Tunnel
Hold WarsaW's Fate
For IL Hours.
WINS BY
LOSING HIS LIFE

w TARSAW. Russian Poland. Jan.
w ao-fyan Biseoup was a Dri-
vate in the cars army, and
Paul Davishon was a private in the
kaiser's army. Both were engineers.
They met underground in GaIcia in the
Zakliczyn-Gorlice lin Of battle, and
for 70 hours these men wrestled for
the car and the kaiser. 1t was Ivan
who kept the Germans out Of Warsaw.
The Germans had Slapped far ahead
of their most advanced trench towards
a group of woodmen's houses for which
there had been much fighting on both
sides. The side which could hold these
houses commanded five long miles Of
DAD over which the enemy's trans
ports were bound to pass. But the
Russians had also been sapping and
burrOWing, for if the Germans seized
these houses they could squeeze the
Russians back to Warsaw.
Ivan DfsObeyB Orders.
Ivan was working ahead Of his COM
Dany when the order was given to
retire, but van disObeyed, for Just III
he heard a dull noise somewhere ahead
He pulled a long knife from his top
boot. snuffed his lamp, and waited.
Away IN the distance he heard some
Of his company calling him. Then he
LAAAAza 0A~ Aa MdALE4H
putting his ear to the wall OF soft
earth in front Then he crOuched low
in he mud, clasping his knife nerv-
ousIy- The Germans were digging
towards him, and the excavations we're
separated only by a thin wall.
Finds Lone Foe.
An hour passed ana Ivan could now
hear the German diggers quite plainly.
Ihen the sounds ceased and Ivan be-
gan to dig cautiously in his turn II
was not long before he had broken
down the barrier, and then he found
hlmsef face to face with Paul Davf-
shon' the German sapper. Both men
gave a shout Of surprise, but Ivan was
given up his
BY Pauts side was a pile OF bombs.
and an electric wire, its end ready TO
be connected to a wire leading into the
Then Paul understood that
the German sappers had also been or
dered to retire, but had left one man
10 connect the wires. The GeruaD
was burning brightly in The
tIenen ana gave them both a good light
TO tudy each other.
Watch Each Other.
For u hours they a watching each
other, without a word. Every time the
German made an attempt to lift he
wires Paul raised his knife and rbe
wires were dropped. They heard ~
artiuery duel going on above them.
1hey were both cramped and sore and
sleepy but they held on.
Then after u hours there was a
shouting far up the trench, and Ivan
could hear the Germans COMING
their comrade. He knew mar
meant that the Germans had CAPTURED
the houses without the necessitv or
blowing them up.
Then the Victory, and Death.
His limited knowledge OF German
was sufficient to interpret the shouts
OF victory, and he sighed. AS the Ger
mans approached in a wild. iovons
he picked up the wires and
made the connection before Davisbo1
could prevent him. And the f@errific
that followed was the DEAN
kneH OF his enemies both above and
below.
Daytshon whispered the story to the
russians e their hordes had re-
h position and dug him. diving ,
out OF the wreckage. But there vas
no sign of Ivan.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1915-01-30
GE0RGESI5
WILDERNES50 Of
JUMBLED RUINS
Bombarded simultaneously
by Both The Germans
and the Allies.
DEAD AND WOUNDED
STILL AMONG RUINS

~HENT, Belgium, Jan. 3O.-St
Georges, one of the points where
the Germans and allies have
fought not for miles of territory but
for feet, almost inches, is a ruin today.
More h that, it is a heap of debris.
other towns and villages in Flanders
are marked at least by standing walls;
St. Georges is a wilderness of bricks,
mortar, charred roof timbers and tiles.
There is nobody who knows exactly
how many times the allies and Ger
mans have fought in the place, and
how often it has changed hands. The
French and English have it today, and
the Germans tomorrow.
st. Georges is located about u miles
southeast of Lombardzyde. and for
merly marked the point where the User
and PIasschen canals connected. To-
day the village is an island in the in
undation" district. A small causeway
gives access to the place. Over this
German sailors and marines have again
and again attacked the place to the
accompaniment of German artillery fire
and the rattle of the machine guns Of
the allies.
BOmbarded simultaneously.
On one occasion German and allies
heavy artillery %bombarded the place
simultaneously, and machine guns sent
halls of bullets into it from three sides.
Why-nObOdy knows. The Germans
suspected that the allied troops were
in st. Georges, and the allies suspected
that the Germans were in 1t, each side
AaH-H-- - - ---a.EnI Hha# khn hA~-
bardment was a sham maneuver.
English Now Hold 1t.
But for some days now the English
have had the place, keeping it practi-
cally by virtue of the many machine
gums III have so posted that the mar
row causeway is swept by their fire.
This machine gun fire in and about
St. Georges never stops. The slow
"tack-tack" Of the English guns and
the more rapid sputter of the French
mitrailleuses keeps up day and night.
Responsible for this are the German
sailors and marines who continue in
their efforts to retake the village.
Dead and Wounded still There.
When the wind sweeps over st.
Georges it carries with il the smell of
of the night one hears from there the
groaning Of wounded-Of men who ven
tured into or near h place. were shot
down, and then were found to be be-
the reach OF those VINO WOulQ
succOr them. To venture into the open
along the causeway means either to die
or be wounded. The very heaps Of de-
bris seem animated by the desire to
carry further the destruction of which
they are the results.
At night one hears the incessant
coughing of the French, African and
Anglo-Indian troops, who seem unable
to stand the rigors of the cold and
damp climate Of Flanders.
On the outskirts Of the village stands
a little house. upon whose door have
been chalked the words; "Franctireur
already disposed Of" Not far from
the door lies the body of a man with
the fingers still about the handle Of an
open umbrella.
The dixie giving access to the place I
would not hold the bodies Of those who
nave died in the effort to either TAX
or retake this island in the "inunda- I
ton lake"
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1915-01-30
Most War Terms Are of
Foreign Origin; Shrapnel
Is Only Real English One

London. Eng. Jan. 30-With the ex-
ception Of shrapnel, named after its
inventor an English colonel there are
very few war terms now in use which
have a British origin.
Sword, musket, ~grenadier. dragoon
are all allen terms. "Grenadier" is
generally supposed to come from the
French. The word is. however, Of
German birth, and originally was
'grenatier," the force owing their
name to the handgrenades with which
they were armed.
The word "musket' has an italian
derivation: "~moschetto.' which was
really a species Of small sparrow hawk.
In ancient times and in the middle
ages the name musket was used to
designate a small mortar which threw
Rrrows.
When %gunpowder was discovered a
small cannon was baptised 'musket"
ana later the rifle Of the ordinary in
fantryman earned the name. while the
whole unit was called "musketiers."
Both dragon" and "~cuirassier"
come from the French. The dragons
had a Dragon painted on their shields
and the cuirassiers carried a breast
protection made Of copper-in French
"cuivre."
"Hussar' comes from the Hungarian
word "husz," which means twenty"
The force derived its name from the
fact that long ago every twentieth re-
cruit in Hungary was placed in one
OF the mounted regiments.
The uhlans, owe their name to the
Turks. tt comes from the Turkish
word "oghlan," youth.
Sword" comes from the Polish
word "szabla." and pistol from the
Italian town Pistoja. which was
famous in the middle ages for its arms
factories.
The bayonet takes its name from the
French town BayOnne, where the in
ventor lived. some 125 years ago.
"Howitzer" is derived from the
Czech word "houfinice." a wooden ap-
paratus used in ancient times for the
purpose Of throwing stones. We meet
with the word also in the Hustle war.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1915-01-30

scout cruiser Birmingham, which IS
the flagship Of the torpedo notilla.
No Submarines.
This does not mean that all the yes
sells under admiral F1etcher's command
viii be at Guantanamo. There viii be
missing all the submarines, as well as
all the smaller cruisers and ~gunbOats
and two divisions of the destroyer flo
tilla- Admiral Fletcher directs 10S
vessels. Of which 55 viii be at Guam
tanamO.
1t was figured by naval officer here
that the IL inch guns Of the fleet can
fire a broadside of 105,40 pounds and
the II nch guns bring this up to
1876. 400 pounds. There are 124 II inch
Guns in the reOrganized fleet, all Of
which are placed so that they can be
fired in a single broadside-
Cost S757 Each Time.
The New York and the Texas each
have ten IA inch guns. The prOjectiles
fired from these guns weigh 1900
pounds each and it costs the American
people $777 every time one is fired, not
counting the deterioration in the gun.
Fletcher has five rear admirals under
him, one to command each division OF
the fleet There are % captains,
than 1000 officers of lesser rank and
about $4,000 enlisted men.
The New York, with its sister snip
the Texas, the most powerful war
shin in the American navy, is or
dinarily the flagship OF rear admiral
Fletcher, but his flag has been trans
ferred to the Wyoming. The New York
has been fitted up with luxurious quar-
tiers to receive president Wilson and
his party at New York after the man
and carry them to the canal.