davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-13
Conclusions.

From the foregoing pages IT Will De
seen that the cOr.mIttee have come 70
a definite conclusion upon each OF the
heads under which the evidence mas
been classified.
II is proved:
First That there were in many parts
Of Belgium deliberate and systemati,,
callv organized massacres OF the civil
nopulation. accompanied by many $50
lated murders and other outrages:
Second That in the conduct OF the
war generally innocent civilians, poth
men and women, were murdered IN
large numbers, women violated, ana
children murdered.
Third That looting. house burning
and the wanton destruction OF properly
were ordered and countenanced by the
officers of the German army; that
elaborate provision had been made Tor
systematic incendiarism at the very
outbreak of the war, and that the burn
ings and destruction were frequent
where no military necessity could De
alleged. being indeed part of system
of general terrorization.
Fourth That the rules and usages OF
war were freque1'ly broken, paruc-
ularlv bv the using Of civilians, includ-
ing women and children, as shield
for advancing forces exposed TO hre,
70 a less degree by killing the wounded
and prisoners, and in the frequent
abuse of the Red Cross and the "hNe
RRYCE, +. POLLOCK, EDWARD
= " CLARKE, KENELM E. DIGBY'
ALFRED HOPKINSON, H. A. l.
FISHER, HAROLD COX.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-13
MAYOR TRIPS IN TANGLE
OF SHIRTS AND NECKTIES
Alleged l1aberdashery Bride in Sing Sing Lands Cum
minis in Cel-Bosco Lynch, Lowbrow Leader
Blamed as Villain Of Piece

The mayor is suspended! Long live
the mayor!
1t is not Mr.. Mitchell who has thus
come to grief, but William J. Cummins.
president of the Mutual Welfare
League at Sing Sing prison and mayor
of the cOnvicts.
For the first time in nearly two
years the former head of the Carnegie
Trust Company slept in an ordinary
cell at Sing Sing last night. His usual
quarters are in the hospital. Political
intrigue proved his undoing.
John A. Qualey, the former lawyer,
shares his leaders fate. Qualey is boss
of the high brow" faction in the
prison. His machine put Cummins in
office.
Bosco Lynch. the "low- brow" leader,
who three weeks ago failed in his at
tempt TO secure Cummins's recall, is
responsible for the mayors downfall.
This is the story of the affair that Is
going the rounds of the prison.
Some time ago Phil Able and Paddy
Collins, active lieutenants of Bosco
Lynch, presented strange complaint
in the convict court. where ex-Repre-
sentative William Willett, who tried TO
buy his way to the New York bench.
presides. They claimed that one Of
the prisoners, kid Dropper' Kaplan,
had been procured TO beat them up,
and that the instigators of this plan
were Cummins and Qualey.
new shirt and some neckties were
the rewards which tempted kid Drop
per" to commit this breach OF the
peace.
Willett's court wanted 10 hush up the
affair and threw out the complaint
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-13

mablc bombs. and small pellets made
Of infammable material. Specimens
Of the last mentioned have been SHOWN
10 members Of the committee.
In addition TO these acts OF destruc
ton, the German troops, both IN h'l'
gium and France. arc proved TO nave
bceu guilty Of persistent lootIng. IN
the majority Of cases the lootng TOOK
nlaco from houses. but there - also
evidence that German soldiers ana
even othccss robbed their prisoners:
both civil and military, OF sums OF
money and other portable possessions
II was apparently well known through,
out the German army that towns an"
villages would be burned whenever
IL appeared that any civilians ha1
fired upon the German troops, ana
,boro ia reason 20 suspect that THIS
known intention Of the German null
tarv authorities in some cases explains
The sequence Of events which led up to
the burning and sacking Of town or
village. The soldiers, knowing that
they would have an opportunity OF
thunder Il the place was condemned
had a motive for arranging some IN
cident which would provide the neces-
sarv excuse for condemnation. More
than one witness alleges that shots
coming from the window OF mouse
were fired by German soldiers VINO had
forced their way into the house lol
the purpose Of thus creating an alarm.
II is also alleged that German soldiers
on some occasions merely hred their
rifles in the air IN a side street ana
then reported 10 their officers that they
had been fired at. On the report thaI
firing had taken place orders were
Il
given for wholesale DESTRUCTION ana
houses we're destroyed IN streets ana
districts whore there was no ahcgat'o,,
that firing had taken place, as well
as in those where the charge arose.
That the destruction could have been
limited is proved by the care taken 10
prescrve particular houses whose occu-
nants had made themselves IN one way
or another agreeable TO the conquerors.
These houses were marked in chalk
ordering them to be spared and spared
they were.
The above statements have reference
IN tho burning of towns and villages.
Ia addition. the German troops IN
numerous instances have set fire to
formbouses and farm buildings. Here,
however. the plea OF military ne
cessity can more safely be alleged
The general conclusion is tnat ene
burning and destruction OF properly
which took place was only IN very
small minority Of cases justified by
military necessity, and that even then
the destruction was seldom accom-
named by that care for the lives of
ron.cGmbantants which had hitherto
been expected from a military com
mander belonging to civilized nation.
On the contrary. it is plain that IN
many cases German officers and sol
diers deliberately added to the suffer
ines Of the unfortunate people whose
nronertv they were destroying.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-13

Able and Collins then took the matter
TO Mr.. Osborne
The complaint was presented again
and at the warden's instigatlon Judge
Willett consented 10 hear u. The courts
action automatically suspended Cum
Minis from Office and from the Welfare
League. Qualey was likewise deoarrea,
and both men were locked m cells InuI
the result of the charges against them
should be tried
Qualey's trial commenced YESTERDAY
Before his Incarceration he had mauS
a reputation as very able lawyer In'
he put up a strong fight in his own qe'
fence. The session ended with me az DC,
PENDANT still on the stand. lie VIII
continue his fight o-day.
Baseball and the movies were iotsoE
ten at the prison last night. Inc huss
dining hall fairly hummed as the hle'
discussed this last development OF IN
side politics. IL was generally s0p
ceded that Mayor Cummins would %
acquitted. His friends declared stous,,
that the whole affair was frame-uP'
Prison sentiment was divided, ho"eNe',
on the question of Qualey'S fate. S ',s.s
of the men thought he had brloed ~
Dropper" without his superiots NV
edge. ,..,,on
Oualey has somewhat the reput1Nvn
OF a trouble maker in the PRISON. n.
ing Warden Clancy's administrator.
was put in the COOLER" for eIe"S"
some sort Of a disturbance
Meanwhile Sing Sing IS witho.' =.
mayor, and the 1900 inmates Spe"ws vi
anxious night wondering II theiI =,
fare League would stand the 'e''
being torn by a political war
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-13
CUNWOMEN USED
IN STRIKES WOODS
Commissioner Also Tells
the |. r. Board About
City's Gangsters.
From The Tribune Bureaul

Washington. May l2.-Chsrging 'ha'
gunwomen have become a factor IN
labor strikes and characterizing tho
New York gunner as IAN undlluted
menace 10 the body polite" Police
commissioner Woods OF New York
CITY told of their activities before the
Industrial Relations Commission TO-
day. The New York gunman' he de-
clared. had branched out as a labor
threat, and had been employed by LABOR
leaders in several cities during strikes.
"He Is used as a repeater at cleo
ton. a capper for gamblers and a seller
OF habit-forming drugs" declared Com
r;ssioner Woods. "IIe lives off the
earnings of women of i'll fame and by
emplovment in industrial disturb
snces."
"Do YOU know whether gunner from
New York have been employed in IN
dustrial disputes outside OF New YORK
City?" asked Commissioner Walsh.
81 can't say as TO that, but we nave
found out that New York gunner have
been taken to Chicago. Cleveland On
cinnati. Boston. Baltimore and fhila-
delphia. Not only gunner, but IN
strikes involving women workers gum
women have been used" Commissioner
Woods replied.
lie said that picketing. free speech
and free assemblage are not only being
nermitted but were protected by MS ad-
rinistration of the Police Department.
Stephen s. Gregory. of Chicago. de-
Tended picketing and boycotting IN his
testimony before the commission. lie
urged a Federal incorporation act as
The first step toward the correction OF
industrial wrongs:
A revolution that would wipe out
Americas present industrial and pc,
litical system and establish an ideal
era Of freedom was described TO the
commission By William ID. Haywood,
secretary and treasurer OF the Indus
trial Workers OF the World.
A world in which labor, organized
into a vast. compact union, shou Id con-
troll all of the means of production and
in which there should be no such thing
as capital" was held up by Haywood
as his land OF promise. lie declared
,Lat only irlnlacable war between labor
and capital. ending with a great gem
eral etrike and confscation OF the
means of production, could bring the
workers 10 that ideal existence.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-13
SKELETON REVEALS
MURDER OF WOMAN
Found in Jersey Woods,
to Which Authorities Be-
Iieve She Was Lured.

The skeleton of woman was found
yesterday buried in Johnson's Woods,
Rochelle Park, y. j., by Samuel Vree-
land, who was searching for runaway
goose. The appearance of her clothing
led County Physician Ogden 20 decide
that the woman had been murdered.
Detectives Blauvelt and Courier later
found a Ratchet. On il were few
stray brown hairs which corresTonded
10 that OF the woman.
The skull had been crushed on the
left side, apparently with the hatche;
She was about 8 feet inches high,
wore black skirt and waist, and IN
derclothing and stockings Of good quail
ity.
Her body lay face downward, the
head at the bottom of the trench. and
it was only lightly covered with dirt
This led the Investigators 10 believe
the murderer had dug the hole. placed
the body in it, and had been scared
away before replacing all the dirt, for
some was found alongside the grave.
The authorities believe the murderer
lured the woman into Johnson's Woods,
which are only a short distance from
the Hudson River trolley line. No one
has been reported missing in that Vi
cinity, and the victim Is thought 10
have come from some distance.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-13
GERMAN FIRM SUES
FOR u. S. WHEAT
Action Shows Efforts to Get
Large Supply Long Be-
fore War Started.

A suit fled yesterday in the Supreme
Court against the Armour Grain Com.
pany. OF Chicago, reveals the efforts OF
Germany, as early as last May, three
months before war was declared, TO
acquire large supply Of wheat in TIM,
country. II was due TO the refusal OF
the Armour concern 10 snip the or
dered wheat, most Of which was 70 be
delivered in September and October,
that the action is now brought by Beh-
rendt & Bodenheimer, of Hamburg, who
placed the orders.
Behrendt & Bodenheimer placed or
ders for an aggregate of $4,000 BUSH
els OF hard winter wheat. which was TO
cost s507 ,472. The firm is suing Tor
S200,l74 as prospective profits and
commissions.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-13
(b) The Treatment of Women
and Children.

The evidence shows that the Ger
man authorities, when carrying out
policy Of systematic arson and plumber
in selected districts. usually drew some
between the adult male
population on the one hand and the
women and children on the other. II was
frequent practice TO set apart the
adult males of the condemned district
with view 20 the execution of
suitable number preferably the young
or and more vigorous aud 10 reserve
the women and children for milder
treatment The dispositions, howver.
present many instances of calculated
cruelty. often going the length OF muir
der toward the women and children OF
the condemned area
From the very first women were not
safe. Al Liege women and children
were chased about the streets by sol
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-13

he did not come quickly enough ana
that they had trained up plenty o.
others. His hands were tied benlnu
his back and he WAS shot NJ once WIN
out a moments delay. The wife came
out with little sucking child. Snc
nut tho child down and sprang M me
Germans like lioness. She clh"eu
their faces. one Of the Germans loon
a rifle and struck her tremendous
blow with the butt on the head. An
other took his bayonet ard fixed IT and
thrust l. through the child. He then
mt his rife or his shoulder with the
child uror il. its little arms stretched
ont once or twice. The officers ordered
.ho houses 20 be set on fire, and straw
was obtained and it was done. The
man and his wife and child were
thrown on the top Of the straw. There
wore about forty other peasant prs
oners there also. and the officer SAID:
~ am doing this as lesson and example
TO Won. When German tells you 10
do something next time you must move
more quickly" The regiment OF Ger
mans was a regiment of llussars' with
cross bones and deaths head on the
cap.
Murder of a Baby.
II is clearly shown that many Of
fences we're committed against infants
and quite young children. On one oc-
casion children were even roped TO-
gcthcr and used as military screen
against the enemy, on another three
soldiers went into action carrying
small children TO protest themselves
from flank fire. a shocking case oil
the murder of baby by drunken
soldier at Malines is thus recorded by
one eyewitness and confirmed by an
other:
"One day when the Germans were
not actually bombardng the town |
left my house 20 go TO my mothers
house. in High Street. My husband
was with me. | saw eight German sol
diers and they were drunk. They were
singing and making n lot Of noise and
dancing about As the German sol
diers came along the street ! saw
small child. whether hoy or girl | could
not see, come out of house. Inc
child was about two years Of age. The
child came into the middle OF the
street. so as to be in the way OF the
soldiers. The soldiers were walking
in twos. The first line of two passed
the child; one Of the second line, the
man on the left, stepped ASIDE anu
drove his bayonet with both hands into
the child's stomach. lifting the child
into the cir on his bayonet and carry
ing it away on his bayonet. he and his
comrades still singing. The child
screamed when the soldier struck II
with his bayonet. but not afterward. "
These. no doubt, were for the most
part the acts Of drunken soldiers, but
an incident has been recorded which
discloses the fact that even sober and
highly placed officers were not always
disposed to place high value on child
life Thus the general, wishing TO be
conducted to Town Hall at Leb-
beke, remarked in French to his guide,
who was accompanied by small boy;
"If you do not show me the right way
| will Shoot you and your boy !"
There was no need TO carry the threat
into execution, but that the threat
should have been made is significant.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-13
I'd Looting, Burning and De
struction of Property.

There is an overwhelming mass Of
evidence Of the deliberate destruction
OF private property by the German
soldiers. The destruction in most
cases was effected by fire, and the
German troops. as will be seen from
earlier passages In the report, h d
been provided beforehand with appi.
hnces for rapidly setting fire to houses.
Among the appliances enumerated by
witnesses are syringes for squirting
petrol. guns for throwing small inflam-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-13

The doctrine is plainly set forth IN
the German Official Monograph on the
uSagcs Of war on land, issued under
the direction Of the German stan. ms
book is pervadcd throughout by the
view that whatever military needs sug-
gcst becomes thereby lawful, and upon
this principle, as the diaries SHOW the
German officers aCtoA.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-13
Babies and Children Brutau ai Drunkenness Goes Unchecked

slble 10 believe that much care was
taken to avoid this.
80 As 20 firing on stretcher bearers
in the course Of trench warfare, the
testimony is abundant, and the facts DO
not seem expllcable by accident. II
may be that sometimes the bearers
were suspected of seeing TOO much; and
IT is plain from the general military
policy 81 tho German armies that very
slight suspicion would be acted on in
case Of doubt
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-13

turbed By the sworn statements Of
witnesses 20 German outrages and
atrocities in Belgium, bat declined 70
make any comments beyond stating
that time would prove these reports
10 be malicious fabrications."
Victor Ridder, Of the New Yorker
Staats-Zeitung," refused 70 make any
comment Herman Ridder was said %
be too i'll to take up the matter
DR.. Emil Berzinger, an Official Of the
German Neutrality League, voiced
protest at the wide publicity which the
American press has given to alleged
German atrocities.
In the German caf6c and restaurant
the report Of the Bryce commission
was practically the sole topic OF dis.
cussion. While no German would ad.
nit that the outrages said 70 have
been committed By German troops, with
the sanction Of their officers, were
founded upon facts. some were inclined
TO the belief that. while grossly ex.
aggerated, they might be traceable TO
common incidents Of legitimate war
fare.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-13
Co Abuse of the Red Cross
and of the White Flag.
The Red Cross.

There are several accounts Of fire
being opened, sometimes at very short
range, by machine guns which had
been disguised In German Red cross
ambulance or car; this was aggravated
in one case near 1lrlcmOnt by the Ger
man soldiers wearing Belgian uniforms.
Witness speaks also Of a stretcher
party with the Red Cross being used
to cover an attack, and OF German
Rcd Cross man working a machine gun.
There is also well attested case Of
n Red Cross motor car being used %
carry ammunition, under command Of
officers.
Unless all these statements are will
fully false, which the committee sees
no reason 10 believe, these acts must
have been deliberate, and it does not
seem possible that Red Cross car
could be equipped with machine gun
by soldiers acting without orders.
There is also one case Of firing from
n cottage where the Red Cross flag was
flying, and this could not be accidental.
On the whole, there is distinct evil
dence of the Red Cross having been
deliberately misused for offensive pur-
poses, and seemingly under orders, on
some. though not many, occasions.
Abuse Of the White Flag.
Cases of this kind are numerous. IL
is possible that q small group of men
may show the white flag without au-
thority from any proper ollcer, IN
which case their action is, OF course,
not binding on the rest Of the platoon
or other unit But this will not apply
10 the case Of a whole unit advancing
as r to surrender, or letting the other
side advance to receive the pretended
surrender, and then opening fire. Under
this head we find many dispositions by
British soldiers and several by ofhcers.
I'm some cases the firing was from a
machine gun brought up under cover
OF the white flag.
The dispositions taken by professor
Morgan in France strongly corroborate
the evidence collected in this country.
The case 10. H-70 may be noted
as very clearly stated. The Germans
who had put up r white flag on
lance and ceased fire." and thereby IN
duced a company to advance IN order
to take them prisoners, dropped the
white flag and opened fire at distance
Of 100 Yards" This was near Nesle'
on September 6, 1914. 1t seems clearly
proved that in some divisions at least
of the German army this practice IS
vcrv common. The incidents as re-
ported cannot be explained by unau-
thorlzed surrenders of small groups
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-13

West Park, y. Y, May John
Burroughs, the natural 50, after read.
ing the Bryce report to-day, expressed
the belief that the United States may
be forced 70 join the Allies against
Germany.
II think Lord Bryce's statement OF
the case of humanity against German
methods OF warfare IL understated
rathen than oyerststed," Mr.. Burroughs
said.
Il would further say tina; the elo-
quent editorial in The Tribune Of Mey
II on the attitude of Germany toward
the sinking of the Lusitania expresses
exactly my own feeling in the matter"
St. Louis, May i2.-Richard Bsrthold.,
who has represented this district a,
Washington in Ill Congresses from the
sd TO the SD, which has recently sd-
journed, said to-day that he was in
clined 10 discredit the reports OF or
gained German outrages. Mr.. Bar
holdt was born in 0rmany, and has
had opportunity 70 study closely the
German people.
81 have not seen Bryces report"
Mr.. Bartholdt said. knowing the
Germans as do, I DO not believe in
what you call organized outrages Of
German troops, like the alleged Bel
gian atrocities. They are perhaps also
made in London"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-13
Judge Lindsey Mortified.

Denver, May II Ben B. Lindsey.
Judge of the juvenile Court here, and
an International authority OF juvenile
delinquency, was Mortified az the facts
set forth in the Bryce report
Il have read Viscount Bryce's on.
cial report with the same horror and
amazement that | read the reports %
the sinking Of the Lus.tar.a," said
Judge Lindsey. "The American people
have right 70 accept that report Is
a truthful statement Of the conditions
desert bed"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1915-05-13
Shot for Being Slow.

90 Odd August. went. with two
friends (names given TO see what we
could see. About three hours out of
Malines we were taken prisoners by a
German patrol an officer and six men
and marched off into a little wood
OF saplings, where there was n house.
The officer spoke Flemish. He Knocked
at the door; the peasant did not come.
Tho officer ordered the soldiers to
break down the door. which two Of
them did. The peasant came and asked
what they were doing. The officer said
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1915-03-16
Uuwarranted Destruction.

The Albany journal seems doubtful
whether The captain of The Germau
cruiser Prin4 Eitel Friedrich was with
in his rights in destroying the Amcri
can ship FRYE It SAYS
determination OF the que "a
whether the commander of The
niau cruiser l'tin1 f,itei Friedrich
Within his rights ur warfare when
s.ifo1 aaa 'oe,r, 90 tbc rrairbf
FFo. which was saiing under m
american flag, eeemt, 60 depend upoll
he Importance that may he attached
Z" The 'fo1 ORDERS phratc in the YES
sells manifest which showed il to be
hoaad fol Queenstown
Commenting on this Che jackson,
vile Times t.ntou SAYS
AS we see Il tins doubt applies to
Size seizure of the carro not Of de
atrnriion Of the abip The Cset that
thc vessel vaa bound ,or Queenstown
for orders was sugivicu to create
the suspicion that the wheat 1t was
'a,H'ng Nas iutoutled tor the Bft.
Ii>b goNermnj aud vaa therefore con.
'tahand. ndcr SUCH circumstances
10" .'fuFe end destruction og the ear
go May have hcgu mauCohle. u II
i"ere possible Dbc ,es,e, SHOULD have
'e'n taken 'uto a Gcrnan port and the
matt" investigated by p,,xe court
ot course. umdor the circumstances
!''s was nuros bile but i, was not
"''rssa> TO destroy the rcsscl VITA
'"' aoro when th. cargo could have
"''" destroyed oraaa, tuc dcstruc
'''" of ia" ''eso' ga ihc account Of
'' '.i'aa i1ore SO udicstiou that
'' '"'ao 'o"o nut have been thrown
overturned and tag ,>se pcrnltted ,o
''.esa "e ioiub ,ae~e was certain.
''' aoo1 'o b.ne prevented a care.
'a' man oom constituting himself i
.[ ''"- o,sho. lae question on