davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

product OF the modest cotton plant,
for its fruit IS the basis of all high
explosives and smokeless powder.
a warship is floating cotton mill.
from the natty suits of it's jolly Jack
tars to the grim shells ready as fuel
for the twelve inch guns that make
modern warfare so terrible. Long
ago wool was thrown into the dis
card as the material for army uni
forms. and the world tights its bat
ties to-day clad in cotton.
Its use ranges from the Arctic en-
p!orer who lines his duck suit with
cotton to make it warmer. to the
Hottentot. who spreads film of cot.
ton cloth across a few poles 10 keep
out the heat
In South Africa the cotton blanket
has driven ont the woollen one In
the farthest north OF Canada twenty
million yards Of cotton duck are
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

tons alone. with the enormous ribs az
now put together, you seem to be
looking up hill. But other huge
animals resembled the modern ant
eater, at least in the shape of the
skull.
And then, too. there were the great
armaullios, such as glyptodon cla-
wipes, protected by heavy armor, and
the enormous doedicurus clavicau-
datus, with its tail protected by
honey tubes and rings with the ebony
club on the end that might easily kill
any animal with a single blow. This
last sometimes had body twelve
feet in length and tail extending as
far behind il.
If mylOdon roDustum was as tall q
an elephant he was still much smaller
than diplodocuS carnegei. called di.
plodocus because OF the double.
beam" bones on the under part of the
tail. Some of these monsters were
eighty feet long and could raise their
heads thirty-five feet above the
ground. They had no arInor like the
smaller armadilio family, but that
mighty tail must have been an awful
weapon Of offensc and defense. The
greatest of this family was the at
lantosaurus, that grew to length OF
one hundred and twenty feet, max
ing him the largest animal ever
known on earth. But their brains
were very. small, and they soon had
to give way to changed environment
and cleverer beasts OF prey.
Prehistoric earth was not at peace,
for 1t had its beasts OF prey. Of ali
kinds, large and small. There was
the terrible sabre-toothed tiger,
larger than any one now known.
whose mighty jaws and teeth have
been recovered from the early strata
Of the earth, and the cave.bear larger
than our largest bears. There, too.
was the smilodoH of the pampas OF
'he Argentine, more powerful than
any OF our modern panthers or
cougars.
Then there was the woolly rhin-
oceros of Europe, with two horns and
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24
What the
PREHISTORIC
MONSTERS
Looked Like.

IT. HE appearance OF the prehistoric monster.
which once lived earth is not easy TO deter
mine. Scientists have been working for years at
the task OF reconstrucng these mighty animals from
the bones discovered in many parts of the world but
each decade sees new ideas brought forward so that
the demonstrations have to be altered according
latest light shed the form of these ancient Great.
lres by the most recent discoveries.
Probably the earliest OF all the extinct monsters
10 become known to modern was the mammoth
IL is 70 be compared TO the elephant only because OF its
lusKs and its enormous size, but in many other re.
specs 1t differs SO greatly to be unique.
Professor o. Abel, of Vienna, is OF the greatest
OF modern reconstrucors of the monsters OF old and
nc calls the attention OF scientists numerous
errors perpetratcd upon the poor mammoth II seems
surprising that the mammoth should be the subject of
SO much confusion, for remains of this animal
man Oh any other have been brought to light During
'he last 200 years many % 900 bodies of this
monarch or the forest have been laid bare
Al irst the mammoth's bones were not recognized
as belonging to an animal but supposed TO be the
remains OF some primeval giants the oys and Magogs
OF primitive human thought. Fortunately some of the
bodies of the mammoth been found frozen solid
IN siberia so that the task Of was made
easy tho bones were still covered by the flesh and
mat In turn, by the hair-a thick brownish.red hair
required to endure the cold OF the ice age
Professor Abel maintains that the reconsnctions of
"aanmoths IN many museums are all wrong, and gives
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

little more sharply after collateral evidence
In short, NE must forage inquisitively in the
borderland in which more often than we be.
lieve we will find evidences of minor imper.
fections that so often escape discovery
ut would be provident and wise plan IL
every man went to his physician for thor
ough overhaul once in six months not be-
feeling i'll. but because he was led to him
by the desire to keep well. AS custom now
dictates 1t, the physician is only sought out
when there is an evil to remedy, but the day
is not far distant when he will be retained in
order that the evil may be, as far as possible,
averted.
at is true that are more frequently con.
suited about trivial ailments than on account
OF acute and serious disorders: nay, more, our
time is often veXatously encroached on by
having to listen to long tale OF imaginary
woes and formidable recital Of aches and
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

pains for which we can find no physical ex
PLANTATION. hut, II my contention is right. all
such patients are on the borderland of dis
ease. Their discomforts. whether physical
mental or emotional, have foundation in
Tact somewhere and clearly point to fault
that distnrbs the harmony OF perfect ply
siologic activity.
The engine is not tuned up to the best
work it is capable OF, and unless adjusted
In time some part must inevitably become
permanently faulty, and constitute the blem.
ish which spells premature consignment to
the human scraphcap.
Prevention Is better than cure Is truer
today than ever before, and we will do much
to Justify the proverb and to hasten it's full
realization If we direct our attention more
and more to the borderland country and the
evidences which are constantly to be found
there OF the earliest movements on the part
Of the enemy Of mankind"
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

that they are strongly Influenced by the
period OF lactation and the season of the
year. These two factors may easily counter
balance the inequalities of composition at.
tributable TO the different types OF cattle
such as Jerseys, Guernseys, Holsteins, Ayr.
shires, etc.
Something which may help account for the
improved quality OF milk in Winter is the fact
that when milk is kept at low temperature
the bacteria in it do not multiply SO rapidly.
At temperature Of so degrees the bacteria
in milk will increase in fifty hours from three
TO thirty times the initial number, while at
10 degrees they will multiply 10000 times
This is why milk should be kept cold, but
it is not sufficient reason for considering all
milk good that is not sour. Milk will not
sour for several days il packed in ice for
the cold prevents the formation of the acid
forming bacteria.
But the cold does not entirely stop the
growth OF other germs and given sample Of
milk may be perfectly sweet and still be full
Of germs.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

of which off odors that VIGOROUSLY attractive
to flies
The chief conditions favoring the dispersal OF flies are
fine weather and warm temperature. In flies
do not travel as far in country, probably
the food and shelter afforded by the houses Flies
free from the roof tended to dispense slightly than
Chose liberated from the ground but the differences
not very considerable.
1t has been observed that house fly can mount
almost directly upward to height OF 40 more
The time of day appears to influence dispersal OF
flies apparently when free in the afternoon they
do not scatter we'll when liberated in the morning
The maximum flight observed in the thickly housed
localities in Cambridge was about quarter OF mile
In one case, where part Of the distance
open country flight Of ITO yards
In experiments conducted in Cook County, Illinois,
flies we're trapped and after being sprayed with chemi
cal solution for recognition, liberated
pital They were recovered at distances ranging
quarter OF mile from the point OF liberation.
1t appears most likely that the distance flies may
travel to reach dwellings is controlled by circumstances
Almost reasonable distance be covered by the
fy under compulson to reach food and shelter.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24
MILK Is BEST I'm WINTER

TT has always been believed that milk
butter and other dairy products are at
- their best in the Spring and Summer, when
the COWS have the freedom Of the pastures
and are able to get an ample supply Of fresh
green things 10 eat. instead Of the dry grain
The year.
But recent Investigations conducted by the
Massachusetts, State Board OF Health fail TO
bear out this widespread popular belief
They indicate. OH the contrary, that under
current conditions the milk obtained in Sum.
mcr is, if anything, somewhat inferior in
quality to that obtained in the Winter when
the cows are shut up in the stables.
These Investigators further showed thai
many Of the claims as to the superiority of
certain breeds Of COWS as milk producers
should be taken with large grains of salt
or at least not accepted until they have been
put to the most searching proof.
While variations in the composition OF milk
are due primarily to the breed, it was found
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24
Do FLIES PREFER CERTAIN COLORS?

g ONE scientists inclined to believe that flies. like
other insects, display likes and dslikes
for certain colors. A French observer noticed that
flies were seldom in the rooms OF his house which
were papered with blue. Accordingly he painted his
milk house brilliant blue and was gratifed to find
that the flies. which had formerly infested the place
carefully avoided il.
The part played by flies mosquitoes as carriers
OF disease depends TO large extent upon the distance
they are able to travel 1t has lately been discovered
that certain mosquitoes whose native haunts salt
marshes along the coast often as three
miles inland
Over $4,000 flies recently liberated under various
weather conditions from the medical buildings at Cam
bridge University England. or these insects coored
Tor Identification 191 at or other of
about fifty observation stations
The results showed that house flea tend to travel
either against the wind. actual direction
followed may be determined either directly by the
action OF The wind or indirectly owing the fies being
attracted by any odors 1t may convey from a source
OF food point in favor of this suppostion is
that most Of the flies which travelled any distance
were recovered at butchers shop and RESTAURANTS all
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

powers Of resistance so that the
patient who has at first exhibited
great fortitude becomes complain
ing or an cmbittered and hardened
creature, nevertheless it often has an
snnobling influence and brings out
The higher qualities of heart and
mind
There are many different kinds OF
pain. That which Is due to infam-
nation. particularly Of the bone. is
described as boring" or "throbbins'
or Jumping in character. Nerve
pains are burning. shooting or stab.
bling. The terms 'stinging" or "sticn.
ing describe the sensation expert
enced early in the course of cancer
OF the breast.
Pain is VIGOROUSLY worse at night.
Weather conditions have an i'm
portant effect upon it. individuals
Of the phegmatic type bear pain bet
ter than others. Abdominal pain Is
usually accompanied by spasm of the
everything muscles.
There is a distinct psychology of
Jain. and in this fear plays an i'm
portant part. Some one has said that
pain is the resultant of two factors,
the lesion and the patient
1t is difficult 10 estimate the degree
OF pain. but there are certain signs Of
suffering which are unmistakable-
the pinched features. the knotted
brow, the rolling eyes with widely
dilated pupils. the ashen countenance.
the cool and cammy skin. the thrcady
pulse. the increased blood pressure.
the hands alternately clehched and
opened. the cries and groans and the
bodily contortions. All these present
definite picture with which every
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

x TEXT to air, water and food
IN there is probably nothing more
essential to mans existence in
the way civilization prescribes than
cotton. Everybody is familiar with
the saying that cotton Is king" but
few OF us realize how completely
mankind is under its dominion.
Cotton touches all the important
moments OF living. None has so
much and none so little but cotton is
n necessary part OF his daily life.
\ bit OF the irony of the gods" is
found in the fact that while war has
demoraIized the cotton industry. vet
without cotton there could be no war.
says writer in the Southern
Woman's Magazine. Not a single
modern gun could be fired. not a
battleship sail. nor nm army be put
in motion without this wonderful
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

experienced physician or nurse is
familiar.
1t is very unwise to administer
drugs to allay pain when letting it
continue unabated will enable the
physician to gain u clearer idea OF its
cause.
The sudden cessation OF pain Is
often as bad sign as its beginning.
In appendicitis or some other acute
Inflammation OF the right side Of the
abdomen sudden cessation of pain
may be OF the sravest import. par
ticularly II not associated with a
corresponding drop in the temporal
ture or pulse rate. Under such cir
cumstances 1t is IN unfailing index
OF ganSrene or rupture of the ap-
pendi1 or Of a breaking down Of the
barriers between an abscess and the
general peritoneal cavity.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

regarded fad and is regarded by the French and
Italians to-day. Underdrawers in France and in Italy
are still made Of cotton and quaint trouserike
garments.
An oldfashioned Frenchman in his undcrcothins pre-
sented curious spectacle. There so many but.
tons about him.
Frenchman. as late 1890 described the revolution
caused among Frenchmen by the introduction OF cotton
underwear from England In the time OF Louis Philippe
or earlier The English culture-drift, he averred gave
his section OF Protestant France drawers petism OF
the school OF Mrs. Fry. and steel pens He adopted the
hrst and last and rejected the central product a
leading civilization The French still oil for cotton
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

r-E@IfE history of underclohing has been neglected.
while external costume has been extensively
described. Yet underwear, though humble and
obscure has manifesty played important part in the
hygiene Of peoples and OF armies
Our English ancestors hardy and often cold
Charles H. according to tradition svered the snowy
day of his execution Tin 1649) and many shirts
as possible next to his skim This to prove that
the modern vest then unknown.
Drawers. a word OF humble origin according to the
New English Dictionary for made of linen or
somo similar material Cograve, writing in the year
1911 speaks OF drawers short and breaches or
Copyright 1915 by the Star Company. Great Britain
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

deTland illnesses" BY this term he means
those earliest departures from the high level
oil perfect health which too often go I'm.
noticed until 1t is too late
Perhaps there is almost no such thing as
perfect health says DR.. Rankin, but it Ia
possible by careful inquiry and patient nves.
legation TO make sure that we physicians do
not found firm opinion on casual obser.
vance Of physical signs or mere 9egation
OF subjective symptoms, but that we look a
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

underhose OF linen and in n number OF the Spectator,
written by Steele. holland drawers mentioned.
The French have old and welestablished word for
this article OF dress and in Boyers French English Die.
tonary. published in 1888, "calecons" duly
ierred to and explained by the customary English trans
ation But these garments must have short in
age that wore brooches and that prided itself
contours OF what was known "a leg"
In Baeys Dictionary in 1897 this valuable garment is
not referred to- and those who closely Hogarhs
pictures. such the "Orgie in the Tavern" will
find that it is not worn by the dshevelled beaux
others there depicted.
Woollen underclothing dates In England from the
second half OF the nineteenth century. At It was
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

woolly protect it against the cold He was one
OF the mighty beasts Of European forests All that has
been found are the bones OF young specimen, but
these are convincing in their might.
The earliest history Of animal life in one direction
proceeds from the monster to miniature, and then
from the miniature to the mighty. There has a
degeneration in these great monsters and in
or prey and side by side with it. advancement in
other animals, such as we now know In the form Of
horses
The animal out OF which the line OF horses came is
known as hyracotherium. It about the fox
terrier The fore and hind limbs three
toed respectively. with sometimes fifth on the
fore Leg In the eohippus set down the direct
ancestor OF our horses Az the teeth became harder
these animals became and like horses on a.
very small scale. Gradually they grew little larger
from FEEDING upon harder food and became large
toxes There were still the number Of toes but
the animals were rising their toes, to obtain
greater speed She second toe growing larger the others
smaller.
This all in the very ancient Eocene neriod With
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24
Why YOUR BODY NEEDS OVERHAULING EVERY SIX MONTHS

TT is an encouraging sign Of the times 10
find growing belief among physicians
that their profession involves higher
duty than merely thriving on the misfortunes
of the members of the community Where
formerly they undertook only to cure disease
they are now striving to prevent it,
In order TO save us from serious illness and
death before our time, DR.. Rankin, an eminent
English physician, believes that more atten-
ton should be given TO what he calls dor.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24
YOU MIGHT TRY
To Prevent Flies.

To Prevent Flies.
TWO
L efectnaly flies
For Earache
A poutice often the worst earache
When Meat Is Tough.
DID tablespoonful Of vinegar the
"A is cooking and let slowly
For Tar Stains
with butter allowing washing
For Burns and Scalds
pPLY gycerine
IA OFT the On this
When There Is No Shoe Polish
EMON JUICE
- black tan shoes and rubbed brisky
When You Give Castor OIL
pOUR the oil into
- 49, : ~ SAT- '"e" VI
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

the opening OF the
next age the teeth
are found much
stronger. T h ey
had larger heads
and were taller.
Their feet wore
m ore compact.
and they had but
three toes on each
foot.
In the Aiiocene
period the horses
had grown still
taller, now being
about the size OF
Shetland ponies.
The extra toes
still persisted, but
were quite off the
ground, and espe-
cially in North
America consider
able progress had
been made. In
the Pliocene peri
cd and the Pleisto-
Gene still further
progress in the
horse is to be no.
ted, in the elonga-
ton Of the nose,
the loss of the
toes, a n d t h c
lengthening of the
limbs, until finally
the modern horse
was evolved.
T h re is no
chain of evolution
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

Pain is Of the utmost Importance
in the diagnosis of disease, says DR..
j. NJ. 1. Finney in recent address
Ninety per cent of all diseases either
begin with it or al some time in their
course are accompanied by It.
Another valuable result of main is
found nits effect on character. While
pain sometimes breaks down the
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24
How PAIN May Very Often SAVE OUR LIVES

HHIS1CAL pain is far from being
wholly unnecessary thing.
On the contrary. i, usually
serves very useful purpose. II VIC
lclt no pain when We were i'll. and
were unable 10 describe i, 10 the
physician, the difficulty Of finding out
what ais us would be greatly in.
creased
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

yards for the little bags in which
the same tobacco goes to the con
sumer.
One hundred and eighty million
yards Of cotton cloth carry cement
yearly To build the great office build
'ings. and the electrical industry OF
the country yearly consumes four
hundred thousand pounds of cotton
in the insulation processes.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

used annually in preference TO fur
rs material for overcoats.
Among the unusual. or rather lit
tle-known or thought-of. uses Of cot
ton are the following:
The foundation of ceiling enamel
is cotton. and one single company re-
Quired million yards OF cotton cloth
to shade tobacco plants growing in
Southern chimes, and four million
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24
DANGER OF LocKJAW IN FELT.

THAT commercial gelatin charcoal
L medicine and germs
known Quite recently found
reenv
NN0A'oN '"f-
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24
SCIENCE NOW KNOWS.
FEW LIVE TO BE 100 YEARS OLD

CCORDlNG to
States with population
only 10 GeTmanys
tcnaans t0 Great Britain
France with 100000 claims 1G4
$500 Roumanis,
arians The last named little
deal of milk this much crea err
iongcy
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24
ELEPHANTS FOR FARM WORK

iNCt 1899
~ domescae elephants arc beginning
signs AT
purpose elephants
as CARRYING logs drawing heavy
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

drawing OF what he holds the real appearance OF
TINS huge creature with the enormous hump the
shoulders and the very strengthening head.
The monster-soths of the prehistoric age have not
been easy to reconstruct yet fairly good representa-
lions oil these enormous some
museums. There the megatherium, and mylodon
robustum so gigantic that when you at the ekele
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1915-01-24

so clearly established that of the horse and very
muoh OF the best work in reconstruction been
by American palaeonologists. The various types o.
European horses fit into the line evolution showing
the action OF environment and changing conditions
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-09-28

There is no reason to doubt the sin.
cerity OF a woman who voluntarily
wears Salvation army bonnet
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1915-09-28

as the cold weather comes on. by
gowns Of canton flannel. made long
The small boys pajamas hardly need
description They are made Of light
cotton materials. The PANTS are
fastened at the waist with tape
which is run through hem in the
Top They are as plain as can be and
SO is the coat This is usually bound
with braid and provided with pock-
ct at one side The same pattern is
used for the canton flannel pajamas
used IN cold weather.
For the comfort OF littIc ores who
sleep in cold rooms and are liable to
kick their feet from under cover, bed
shoes OF canton flannel or OF elder
down are recommended They are
easily made and easily laundered and
they are most comforting.
There are numbers OF patterns for
little nightdresses--the simplest ones
are the best. For the little boy pa
jamas, like those shown in the pic
ture, cannot be improved upon.
JULIA BoTTOMLEY.