The Sentinel=record., 1915-01-15

is rather efficient Gaicia is a Coun try without good roads, has a strate eically poor railroad system, and but few natural resources
 These are the main features of the recent campaigning in the eastern theater of war. But a survey of them would not be complete without a sketch of some of the principal oper- ations and their results,
 An important factor in the develop ments was the arrival of large mum bers of fresh troops in the Russian camps. which took place during the first week of November Their great weight was first felt by the German troops west of the Nowo-Georgiewsll Warsaw line who were forced back against the Walthe banks on Novem her l0 What the exact strength Of this Russian force was not known. The Russian Second army formed the right wing of the forces in Poland oc- cupying the line oloSieraIs-Szczcr- zowo and joining on the left the Fifth army whose center was NOWo Ra. domsk l. is thought that these two forces had a combined strength Of about SO0000.
 The Seccnd and Fifth armies be- came the Russian center in the opera tions which followed. On the extreme night the First Aamy occupied the region between the Nistula and Koy- TO This force was commanded by General Rennenkampf whose efforts to crusl the German left wing result ed in a number of smaller engage ments near StalmpOeleu. Eydtkmhnen and Soldau, dating from November | ? 10 IT, Isennenkampf's own forces numbered at least 650, ,000 men, it is asserted. But he failed to develop the tremendous potentialities of this mass, and to his own great surprise the Germans engaged in counterol- fensive, which on November Is re suited in the defeat of d Russian di- vision near Wlozlawek. The Germans followed up their success, reengaged Nowi-DuninOw, killed and wounded many and took l 1,600 prisoners, driv- ing the remainder off in the direction of Plosk.
 Meanwhile a German force ad- vanced on the right bank of the Wis tula, and on November 15 defeated & strong Russian force near Lipno. About 5000 Russians were taken pris- oners. The remainder of the force retreated also towards Plosk. joined the defeated division from Wlozlawek, and together with some fresh uites attempted to stem the German ad- vance. The fighting which resulted was severe but in the end the Rus sian forces were driven in the direc- tion of Ploask, where they effected d much needed reorganization. Most of the artillery and terrain had been lost to the Germans.
 Rennenkampfs plan to force al in Nasion of east Prussia seems to haye been abandoned after the experience two of his best units had with the Germans. Of a sudden the First army ceased its efforts to break across the border el route for Berlin, and for several days all was quiet.
 Meanwhile General von Mackensen had established contact with the Rus sian Second army near KutnO, then go positioned that a movement against its right flank promised success. With the Russian offensive against east Prussia wrecked, and with an advance threatening the Russian center, the Russian Fifth army was obliged to check its advance upon the Silcsian border and the Cracow district Many of fits units were rushed to support the threatened center, or Second army. This measure permitted a fur ther development Of the flank of the Second army. But the encouragement of the Russian forces came 8 little too late, it appears. General yOn Nackensen lost no time in pushing his advance, engaged the Russians Ol November | , near Kutno, caused them heavy losses in killed and wounded. and took 25,o00 prisoners, as we'll as much material.
 The Russian Second army continued its advance, however General von
 Hindenburg was in the act of com pleting his cul-de-sac and the Rus. sian Second army had a double task to perform Not alone was it neCes- sary to envelop the German northern wedge, but the advance of General von Mackensen had made a vigorous counter offensive necessary Oifeas- i've and counter offensive on the part of the opponents gave the Second army a southwest-northeas line dur 1 ing the next two days, another tooth being thus added to the great battle. saw in Poland.
 The line of the Second army was l then from StyTkow-AleXandrowo to
 Kazimierz. This was pierced by the l Germans under von Mackensen ia the evening of November r along the Kutno road, and on the following morning the right wing of the Second army was folded back upon Brzeziny
 on the Lodg road On the 18th the | desperate struggle continued. During